Book_. COPYRIGHT DEPOSIT -^ / PHILHDELPHIH HMD Its Environs. J. B. LIPPINCOTT COMPANY, PHILADELPHIA. 1889. Copyright, 1889, by J. B. Lippincott Company. An Unprecedented Demand this Season FOR ^^^?^ \ FOR SAFETY /^^^^^^^ SAFETY BICYCLES ^^^m^^^m BICYCLES COMPELLED MANY VEXATIOUS DELAYS IN DELIVERING, Because the manufacturers could not keep up with their orders. We now have a complete stock, and can deliver present orders immediately. In view of the demand hkely to be made upon the makers for the hohday trade, and to pnevent the possibility ol disappointment at that time, we are now bookmg orders for future delivery. HART CYCLE CO., 811 ARCH STREET, RHILADELRHIA. ^F'lONEER OVOLE HOUSE ^ C| BICYCLES, ^-d TRICYCLES. |^-C^ V ELOCI PEDEsT p SEND FOR CATALOGUE. The Cook Book to go by is Mrs, Rorefs, IT is a big book with nothing in it but what has been tried over and over again, and found to come out right. Mrs. Rorer takes nothing for granted, but shows you every step of the way. You are bound to succeed in your cooking by the use of this book. Bound in washable oilcloth covers. Portrait of au- thor. Sent by mail, securely wrapped and corners protected, $1.75. ARNOLD & COMPANY, 420 LIBRARY STRKET, PHILADELPHIA. ■) HILADELPHIA AND Its Environs. • fl GUIDE TO THE eiTY ANB SyRROtiNDlNSS. ^H '^^ ^ Osi-^ EDITION OF=- 1BB9. J. B. I.IPPIXCOTT COMPANY, 715 ANT) 717 Market Street, PHILADELPHIA. \ Copyright, 1889, by J. B. Lippincott Compuuy STREETS AND HOUSE-NUMBERS. In ascertaining the location of any residence or business-house in Philadel- phia, it should be borne in mind that the city is divided into squares by two sets of streets crossing each other at right angles, one set running north and south parallel with the Delaware Kiver, the other running east and west parallel with Market Street. The numbering of the properties on the streets running north and south com- mences at Market Street, from which it extends both north and south ; the num- bering on the streets running east and west commences (on tlie line of Market Street) at Delaware Avenue on the Delaware Kiver and extends westward to the west boundary of the city. In all cases the tirst number of each consecutive square commences a new hundred, regardless of the actual number last given in the preceding square. The following tables give the streets which mark the boundaries between the squares and illustrate the system of numbering. They also give the distance in miles and decimals of a mile of the principjU streets severally from the starting-point, and thus enable the distance from street to street, or from one point to another, to be easily calculated. 1 /'■ "-■ Pkincipal Streets KUNNING North and South. a . ^^ l< ".06+ .15- .25+ i .84- 1 .42-1- i .51— ! .59+ i .68- ; .76— 1 .84+ 1 .98— 1.05 \- ! 1.10- 1 1.22— ' 1.82 + 1.89— \ 1.47+ ; 1.56— i 1.64+ 1 1.72 f 1 1.88- 1.91 - 1.98— 2.00— 2.28— 2.88 + 2.47+ 1 2.60 + d 3 p— 1 ;3400 8500 8600 8700 8800 8900 4000 4100 4200 4.800 4400 4.50*) 4601) 4700 4800 49(10 .5000 5100 5200 5800 5400 .5500 .5600 5700 5S00 5900 6000 6100 6200 6300 Fkincipal Streets RUNNING North and South. a . > c . p 2.71 2.80 2.,S5+ 2.96- 1 8.0() 1 8 1.5— 1 8.27 f 8.89 8.49 f 8.(i0 1- ' 3.68+ 1 8.77— 8.87 + 8.98— ! 4.08— ; 4.17 + 4.28 + 4..89— 4.49 f 4.60 4.70- 4.82 + 4.9,8— 5.08 f 5.14— .5.24 + 5.;35— 5.45+ 5.56- 5.67 + Delaware Avenue Front Street Tliirty-fourth Street ..- Thirtv-tifth Street Second street Thirty-si.xth Street Thirty-seventh Street Thirty-eighth Street Thirty-ninth Street Fortieth Street Third Street Fourth Street Fifth Street Sixth Street 800 900 1000 1100 1200 1800 1400 1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 2000 2100 2200 2:300 2400 3606 3100 3200 3300 Seventh street Eighth Street Forty-hrst Street P'orty-second Street Forty-third Street Forty-fourth Street P'orty-tifth Street Forty-sixth Street Forty-seventh Street Foi'tv-eighth Street Ninth Street Tenth Street Eleventh Street Twelfth Street Thirteenth Street Broad [P'ourteenth J Street Fifteenth Street Fortv-nintli Street Sixteenth Street Seventeenth Street Fiftieth Street Fiftv-first Street Eighteenth Street Fifty-.second Street Nineteenth Street Fifty-third Street Twentieth Street Fiftv-fonrtli Strppt Twenty-first Street Fiftv-fifth Street Twenty-second Street Twentj'-third Street Twenty-fourth Street SchuylkUl River Thirtieth Street Fifty-sixth Street Fiftv-seventh Street Fifty-eighth Street Fifty-ninth Street Sixtieth Street Sixty-first Street Sixty-second Street SixtjMhird Street Thirty-first Street Thirty-second Street Thirty-third Street (OVER.) Ill JV STREETS AND HOUSE-NUMBERS. — CONTINUED. o « 52; = 100 200 8(10 400 50' » "(job 700 800 '906 120{) 1800 1400 1500 IfiOO 1700 1800 1900 2000 2100 2200 2800 2400 2500 2m) 2700 2800 I .2900 8000 8100 8200 8800 I 8400 ( ^500 i 8600 1 3700 I 1*K I N ci p A L Stub ets n out j i of Makkkt Street. Arch StiTot Race Strc(>t ViiH' Street Callowiiill Street Butt on wood Street Si)riii^_Garden Street.... (ireen Street Mount Vernon Street.... Wallace Street Fairniouut Avenue Brown Street Parrish Street Poplar Street Girard Avenue Thonip.son Street Ma.ster Street Jefferson Street Oxford Street Columbia Avenue Montgomery Avenue... Berks Street Norris Street Diamond Street Susquehanna Avenue... Dauphin Street York Street Cumberland Street Huntingdon Street Lehigh Avenue Somerset Street Cambi-ia Street Indiana Avenue Clearfield Street Alleghany Avenue Westmoreland Street... Ontario Street Tioga Street Venango Street Erie Street a . . c +^ i:'~n ci tl ^% iS S .2cL .E£i^ "r^ +^ fi h-( 0.16- 100 ! 0.28 + 0.41+ 206 0.52+ • 0.65+ 366 i 400 o.8i+ 500 0.86- 600 0.90+ 700 1.04- 1.09+ 800 1.17+ 900 1.26- 1000 1.35- 1100 1.47- 1200 1.56- 1300 . 1.65 1400 1.75 1500 1.85 1600 1 1.96— 1700 2.05 1800 2.16+ 1900 2.27- 2000 2.-88+ 2100 2.50- 2200 2.60- 2800 2.70— 2400 2.80 2500 2.92- 2600 3.02+ 2700 3.13- 2800 3.23+ 2900 3.84- 3000 3.45 + 8100 3.56- 3200 3.66 + 3800 8.77- 3400 3.87+ ,3500 3.99- 4300 I'KiNciPAii Streets South ov Market Street. Chestnvit Street Sansoni Street Walnut Street Locust Street Spruce Street Pine Street Lombard Street South Street Bainbridge Street Fitzwater Street Catharine Street Christian Street Carpenter Street Washington Avenue Federal Street Wharton Street Reed Street Dickinson Street Tasker Street Morris Street Moore Street Mifflin Street McKean Street Snyder Avenue Jackson Street Wolf Street Ritner Street Porter Street Shunk Street Oregon Avenue Johnson Street Bigler Street Pollock Street Packer Street Curtin Street Geary Street Hartranft Sti'eet Hoyt Street League Island 0.10+ o.2i- 0.28 + 0..S7+ 0.47+ 0.53 + 0.60+ 0.67— 0.80+ 0.86- 0.92+ 1.01 + 1.16- 1.27- 1.35+ 1.44— 1.52+ 1.63- 1.69+ 1.78- 1.86+ 1.95+ 2.08+ 2.12+ 2.21+ 2.30- 2.38+ 2.48+ 2.57+ 2.65- 2.73- 2.88+ 2.92- 3 87+ CONTKNTS. PART I.— INDEXICAL. AN ALPHABETICAL GUIDE TO OBJECTS OF INTEREST. Pages VII. -XXXII. PART II.— DESCRIPTIVE. PRINCIPAL ATTRACTIONS IN AND AROUND THE CITY. SECTION PAGE I. The City Hall and Vicinity 1 II. Broad and Locust Streets and Vicinity 33 III. The Post-Office and Vicinity 43 IV. Independence Hall and Vicinity 59 V. Chestnut, Walnut, Third, and Fourth Streets 67 VI. Rittenhouse Square and Vicinity o.. 81 VII. Logan Square and Vicinity 93 VIII Washington Square and Vicinity 99 IX. Franklin Square and Vicinity 104 X. Broad and Spring Garden Streets and Vicinity Ill XI. South Broad Street and Vicinity 119 XII. Arch and Tenth Streets and Vicinity... 12G XIII. Central Delaware-River Front and Vicinity 129 XIY. South Delaware-River Front and Vicinity 140 XV. North Delaware-River Front and Vicinity 148 V VI CONTENTS. — CONTINUED. SECTION PAGE XVI. North Broad Street and Vicinity 152 XVII. Girard College and Vicinity 156 XVIil. South West-Philadelphia 162 XIX. North West-Philadelphia 171 XX. Fairmount Water-Works and Vicinity 178 XXI. East Fairmount Park and Vicinity 184 XXII. West Fairmount Park and Vicinity .'. 189 XXIII. Laurel Hill Cemetery and Beyond 198 XXIV. Up the Wissahickon 204 XXV. The Reading's Routes and Stations 210 XXVI. The Pennsylvania's Routes and Stations 228' XXVII. Naval Asylum and Vicinity 246 XX"VI1I. To Camden and Beyond 249 PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. PART I.— INDEXICAL. AN ALPHABETICAL GUIDE TO OBJECTS OF INTEREST. [The figures refer to pages in Part II. J PAGE Academy of Fine Arts, Broad and Cherry Streets 4 Academy of Music, Broad and Locust Streets 33, 34 Academy of Natural Sciences, Nineteenth and Race Streets... 94 Academy of the Sacred Heart, 1815 Arch Street 97 Academy of the Sisters of Notre Dame, 206 S. Nineteenth St.... 81 Academy Station, Pennsylva- nia's Wilmington Branch 238 Advent Protestant Episcopal Church, York Avenue, near B Li ttun wood Street 106 Aimwell School for Female Chil- dren, Cherry St. , nr. Eleventh. ..127 A 1 dine Hotel, 1910 Chestnut Street 85, 87 Alexander Presbyterian Church, Nineteenth and Green Streets. ..180 Allen Lane Station, Pennsylva- nia's Chestnut Hill Branch 236 All Saints' Episcopal Church, Twelfth and Fitzwater Sts 120 All Saints' Roman Catholic Church, Bridesburg 148 All Souls' Mission for Deaf and Dumb, FranklinSt.,ab. Grcen..2l2 Almshouse, Blockley, Thirty- fourth Street, near Pine 165 PAGE American Catholic Historical Society, 211 S. Twel;th Street.. 41 American District Telegraph Company, (removed to) Broad and Chestnut Streets 17 American Life Insurance Com- pany of Philadelphia, Wahiut and Fourth Streets 74, 78 American Philosophical Society, Fifth Street, below Ciiestnut.... 59 American Steamship Line, Pier 48, South Delaware Avenue 141 American Suuday-School Union, 1122 Chestnut Street... 24 American Tract Society, 1512 Chestnut Street 27 Andalusia Station, on Pennsyl- vania's New York Division 233 Angora, District of, South West- Philadelphia (27th Ward) 170 Angora Station, Pennsj'lvania's Media Branch 239 Appraiser's Building (United States), Second Street, below Che-stnut 134 Apprentices' Library, for Young Persons, Fifth and Arch Sts...!. 107 Arch Street Meeting (Friends'), Arch, below Fourth Street 130 Arch Street M. E. Church, Broad and Arch Streets 3 vii VI 11 PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. PAGE Arch Street Presbyterian Church, Arch St., ub. Tenth 120 Arch Street Theatre, G13 Arch Street 107 Ardmore, Village of, on Penn- sylvania Ivtiih-oad, Main Line. ..228 Armory of First Regiment, Broad and Callowhill Streets 113, 117 Armory of the National Guards, 516 Kace Street 106 Armory of the State Fencibles, 145 North Broad Street 7 Armory of the Third Regiment, Broad Street, near Wharton 123 Arnold's (Benedict) Residence, East Fairmount Park 185 Art Club of Philadelphia, 220 South Broad Street 33, 35 Asbury M. E. Church, Thirty- third and Chestnut Streets .166 Ashbourne Station, Beading's New York Division 219 Ashton's Station, Pennsylvania's New York Division 233 Associate Presbyterian Church, Broad and Lombard Streets 119 Athenaeum Library and Reading Room, 219 S. Sixth Street 101 Athletic Club of the Schuylkill Navy, 1626-28 Arch St...95, 97, 183 Atlantic City, Atlantic County, New Jersey 252 Autographic Register Company, 1025 Arch Street 136 Ayres's Mansion, Wissahickon and Chelten Avenues, German- town 234,235 ]Dala Village and Station, Schuylkill Valley Kailroad....231 Baldwin Locomotive Works, Broad and Spring Garden Streets 110, 111 PAGE Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Station, Chestnut and Twenty- fourth Streets 86, 91 Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Ticket-Office, Chestnut and Broad Streets 17 Baltimore and Ohio Railroad's Philadelphia Division 244 Bank of North America, 307 Chestnut Street 73 Baptist Board of Publication, 1420 Chestnut Street 27 Baptist Home for Women, Sev- enteenth and Norris Streets 188 Baptist Orphanage, Pifty-eighth Street and Baltimore Avenue, Angora 170 Bartram's Garden, near Gray's Perry Bridge 169 Base-Ball Park, Fifteenth and Huntingdon Streets 155 Beacon Presbyterian Church, Cedar and Cumberland Streets, Eichmond 145 Bear Pits, Zoological Garden, West Pairmount Park 176 Beideman's Station, Burlington Eailroad, near Camden, N. J.. ..250 Bellevue Hotel, Broad and Wal- nut Streets 29 Bellevue Station, Pennsylvania's Wilmington Branch 238 Bellevue Station, Beading's Nor- ristown Branch 226 Bell Telephone Company, 408- 410 Market Street 183 Belmont Driving Park, near Elm Station, Pennsylvania K. K 228 Belmont Mansion, West Pair- mount Park 196 Belmont Reservoir, West Pair- mount Park 195 Belmont Station, Reading's Main Line Division 227 PART I. — INDEXICAL. IX PAGE Beneficial Saving-Fund Society, Chestnut and Twelfth Sts 22, 23 Berean Baptist Church, Chestnut Street, near Forty-first 167 Berean Presbyterian Church, South College Avenue 159 Bethany Presbyterian Church, 22d and Bainbridge Streets 247 Beth-Eden Baptist Church, Broad and Spruce Streets 37 Bethel Church (African Method- ist), Sixth St., near Lombard.. ..139 Bethel Church (African Method- ist), Frankford 149 Bethesda Children's Christian Home, Chestnut Hill 237 Bethesda Presbyterian Church, Frankford Avenue and Vienna Streets 146 Bethlehem Presbyterian Church, Broad and Diamond Streets 155 Betz (John F.) & Son's Brewery, Crown and Willow Street?. 13) Beverly, City, of, Burlington County, IST. J 251 Bijou Theatre (Variety), Eighth Street, above Kace 108 Bingham House (Hotel), Market and Eleventh Streets 49 Blind Asylum, Twentieth and Race Streets 98 Blind Men's Home, 3518 Lancas- ter Avenue 171 Blockley Almshouse, Thirty- fourth Street, near Pine 165 Blue Grass Station, Pennsylva- nia's New York Division..!! 233 B'Nai Jacob (Polish Synagogue), 420 Lombard Street.". 139 Board, of Health, Sixth and San- som Streets 62 Board of Trade, Drexel's Build- ing, Chestnut and Fifth Sts 60 PAGE Boating Clubs, near Fairmount Water-Works 183 Bonnaffon Station, Pennsylva- nia's Wilmington Branch. ......238 Boone Station, Baltimore and Ohio's Route 244 Boothwyn Station, Baltimore and Ohio Railroad 244 Bordentown Borough, Burling- ton County, N. J 251 Borie's Station, on Pennsylva- nia's New York Division 233 Boston Steamship Line (Win- sor's), Pine Street and Delaware Avenue 138 Boyce Brothers, Walnut and Thirteenth Streets 40, 41 Boy's High-School (Public), Broad and Green Streets 112 Brewerytown, East Fairmount Park 184 Bridesburg District and Arsenal..l47 Bridesburg M. E. Church 148 Bridesburg Station, Pennsylva- nia's New York Division 233 Bridgeport Station, Reading's Main Line Division 227 Bridgeton, City of, Cumberland County, N. J 252 Bristol Borough and Station, Pennsylvania's N.Y. Division..233 Bristol Steamboat Line, Chest- nut Street Wharf. 129 Broad Street Baptist Church, Broad and Brown Streets 113 Broad Street M. E. Church, Broad and Christian Sts 120 Broad Street Station (Pennsyl- vania Railroad), Broad and Filbert Streets 11, 13 Brooke Hall Seminary for Girls and Young Ladies, Media, Penna 241, 242 PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. PAGE Brown Brothers & Co., Bankers, Chestnut and Fourth Streets.... 68 Bryn Mawr Village and Bryn Mawr College 229 Bulletin (Evening) Newspaper, GOT Chestnut Street 63 Bullitt Building, Fourth Street, above Walnut 73 Burd Orphan Asylum, Market Street, near Sixty-third Street. ..173 Burlington, City of, Burlington County, N. J 251 Burmont Station, Pennsvlvania's Media Branch .". 239 Bush Hill Iron- Works, Sixteenth and Buttonwood Streets Ill Bustleton, District of 151 Bustleton Station, Pennsylva- nia's New York Division 233 Qall, Evening (Newspaper), 26 South Seventh Street 63 Calvary Presbyterian Church, Locust Street, ab. Fifteenth 37 Calvary Protestant Episcopal Church, Conshohocken 203 Calvary Protestant Episcopal Church, ManheimSt., Germt'n.234 Camden National Bank (Phila- delphia Office), Walnut and Sec- ond Streets 134 Camden (New Jersey) and Be- yond 249 Cape May City, Cape May Co., New Jersey 252 Carncross's Minstrels, Eleventh Street, above Chestnut 49 Carpenters' Hall, rear of 320 Chestnut Street 71 Carpenter Station, Baltimore and Ohio Railroad 244 Carpenter Station, Pennsylvania and Chestnut Hill Branch 236 PAGE Carrcroft Station, Baltimore and Ohio Railroad 244 Cathedral (Roman Catholic), Eighteenth and Race Sts 31, 93 Cathedral Cemetery, Forty- eightli St. and Lancaster Ave. ..174 Catholic Historical Society, 211 South Twelfth Street 41 Catholic Home for Orphan Girls, Race Street, bel. Eighteenth 94 Catholic Total Abstinence Foun- tain,AVest Fairmount Park..l95,196 Cedar Hill Cemetery, near Frank- ford 149 Centenary M. E. Church, Forty- first and Spring Garden Sts 172 Centennial Baptist Church, Twenty-third and Oxford Sts... 188 Central Christian Church (Disci- ples of Christ), 667 N. Twelfth Street 212 Central Congregational Church, Eighteenth and Green Streets... 180, Central High-School, Broad and Green Streets 112 Central Methodist Episcopal Church, FrankforJ 233 Central Methodist Episcopal Church, Roxborough ..203 Central National Bank, 109 South Fourth Street 73 Central Presbyterian Church, Broad St. and Fairmount Ave. .115 Central Savings-Fund, Chestnut and Juniper Streets 21, 23 Central Theatre, 811 Walnut Street 50, 52 Chambers Presbyterian Church, Broad and Sansom Streets 17 Chamouni Lake and Concourse, West Fairmount Park 196 Chelten Avenue Station, Penn- S3'lvania's German town Branch. .234 PART 1. — INDEXICAL. XI PAGE Chelten Avenue Station, Bead- ing's Germantown Branch 222 Cheltenham Station, Beading's Newtown Branch 220 Chelten Hill Station, Beading's New York Division 220 Chester, City of, via Baltimore and Ohio Bailroad 244 Chester, City of, Pennsylvania's Wilmington Branch 238 Chestnut Hill Station, Pennsyl- vania Bailroad 237 Chestnut Hill Station, Beading Bailroad 226 Chestnut Street National Bank, 719 Chestnut Street 63 Chestnut Street Opera-House, 1023 Chestnut Street 49 Chestnut Street Theatre, 1211 Chestnut Street... 23 Chew House, Germantown (near Main and Johnson Streets) 224 Cheyney Station, Pennsylvania's Media and West Chester Br 243 Children's Convalescent Hos- pital, P.B.B , nr. Park Station..230 Children's Homoeopathic Hos- pital, Broad St., nr. Girard Ave..l52 Children's Hospital of Philadel- phia, 209 S. Twenty-second St.. 90 Christ Church (Germantown), Tulpehocken St., near Adams. ..236 Christ Church (Protestant Episco- pal), Second St., ab. Market 133 Christ Church (Beformed), Green Street, above Fifteenth 115 Christ Church Chapel, Pine Street, near Twentieth 82 Christ Church of Evangelical Association, Eighth Street, be- low Girard Avenue 213 Christ Church Hospital, near Pennsylvania's Park Station. ...231 PAGE Christian Church (Disciples), 42d St. and Fairmount Ave 172 Christ Memorial Church (Be- formed Episcopal), Chestnut and Forty-third Streets 167 Christ M. E. Church, Thirty- eighth and Hamilton Streets 171 Church Home for Children, An- gora (Fifty-eighth Street and Baltimore Avenue) 170 Church of Our Lady Help of Christians, Bichmond 145 Church of Our Lady of the Na- tivity, Bichmond 145 Church of Our Lady of the Ro- sary, 63d and Callowhill Sts 173 Church of Our Mother of Sor- rows, Cathedral Cemetery 174 Church of Our Redeemer (Be- formed Episcopal), Oxford and Sydenham Streets 188 Church of St. Alphonsus, Fourth and Beed Streets 142 Church of St Anthony of Padua, Gray's Ferry Boad 247 Church of St. Charles Borromeo, Twentieth and Christian Sts. ...248 Church of St. James the Greater, Thirty-eighth and Chestnut Sts..lG7 Church of St. James the Less, near Laurel Hill 201, 226 Church of St. John (Lutheran), Wharton Street, below Fifth... .!l42 Church of St. John the Baptist (Boman Catholic), jManMyunk...202 Church of St. John the Evangel- ist (Protestant Episc<)])al), Third and Beed Streets 142 Church of St.-Martin-in-the- Fields, Wissiihickon Heights. ..286 Church of St. Mary of the As- sumption, Manayunk 202 Church of St. Philip de Neri, Queen Street, below Third 140 Xll PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. PAGE Ch'irch of St. Theresa (Roman Cnlli.), UroadSt., nr. CatharinG..120 Church of St. Xavier, TwenU- fifth and Biddle Streets ^.179 Church of the Annunciation (Protestant Episcopal), Twelfth and Diamond Streets 155 Church of the Annunciation (Ro- man Catholic), Tenth and Dick- inson Streets 124 Church of the Ascension (Prot. Epis.), Broad St., bel. South 120 Church of the Assumption (Ko- nuni Catholic), Sprina; Garden and Twelfth Streets....". , 115 Church of the Covenant (Prot. Epis.), 28th St. and Girard Ave..l61 Church of the Epiphany, Chest- nut and Fifteenth Streets 27 Church of the Evangelists, Cath- arine Street, above Seventh 140 Church of the Gesu (Kom an Cath- olic), Eighteenth and Stiles Sts... 160 Church of the Holy Apostles, Twenty-first and Christian Sts..248 Church of the Holy Family (Ro- man Catholic), Manayunk 203 Church of the Holy Trinity (Ger- man Roman Catholic), Sixth and Spruce Streets 101 Church of the Incarnation (Prot. Epis.), Broad and Jefferson Sts. ..152 Church of the Mediator (Prot. Epis.), 19th and Lombard Sts... 82 Church of the Messiah (Prot. Epis.), Broad and Federal Sts... 123 Church of the Messiah (Univer- salist). Broad Street and Colum- bia Avenue 153, 154, 155 Church of the Nativity (Prot- estant Episcopal), Eleventh and Mt. Vernon Streets 212 Church of the Redemption, 22d and Callowhill Sts 98 PAGE Church of the Sacred Heart, Third and Reed Streets 142 Church of the Saviour, Thirty- eighth Street, ab. Chestnut 167 Church of the Transfiguration, Woodlands Ave., near 33d St.... 166 Church of the Visitation (Roman Catholic), Front Street, near Lehigh Avenue 144 City Hall (New), Broad and Market Streets 1 City Hall (Old), Fifth and Chest- nut Streets 59 City Hotel, 315 Arch Street 130 City Institute Hall (Free Libra- ry), Chestnut and 18th Sts 85 City National Bank, 32 North Sixth Street 65 City Trust, Safe Deposit, and 4|i Surety Co. of Philadelphia, 927 Chestnut Street 45, 47 Claymont Station, Pennsylva- nia's Wilmington Branch 238 Clifton Station, Pennsylvania's Media Branch 239 Clinton Street Immanuel Church, Tenth and Clinton Sts... 49 Clyde Steamship Lines, 12 South Delaware Avenue 129 Coast Survey (United States), Post-Office Building 43 Cohocksink Presbyter'n Church, Columbia Avenue and Franklin Street 213 Cold Storage Company (Quaker City), Spruce Street and Dela- ware Avenue 138 College of Pharmacy, 145 North Tenth Street 126 College of Physicians of Phila- delphia, Thirteenth and Locust Streets 38 Collingdale Station, Baltimore and Ohio Railroad 244 PART I. INDEXICAL. Xlll PAGE Colonnade Hotel, Chestnut and fifteenth Streets 27 Colored Home, Belmont and Girard Avenues 172 Columbia Avenue Saving-Fund, Safe Deposit, Title, etc., Bixiad Street and Columbia Avenue — 152 Columbia Avenue Station (Read- ing's), 9th St. and Columbia A v. 21 3 Commerce National Bank, 209 Chestnut Street 134 Commercial Exchange, No. 133 South Second Street 134 Commercial National Bank, 314 Chestnut Street 71 Commercial Union Assurance Co., Walnut St., ab. Fourth... 74, 79 Concord Station, Baltimore and Ohio Railroad 244 Congregational Church, Central, Eighteenth and Green Streets. ..180 Congregation Rodef Shalom, Eighth St., bel. Girard Ave 213 Congress Hall (Old), Sixth and Chestnut Streets 59 Conshohocken Station, Reading's iSTorristown Branch 227 Conshohocken, Suburban town of 203 Consolidation National Bank, 331 North Third Street 130 Continental Hotel, Chestnut and Ninth Streets 50 Continental Theatre, Arch Street, above Tenth 126 Convent of the Holy Child Jesus, near Sharon Hill 238 Cookman M. E. Church, Twelfth Street and Lehigh Avenue 214 Corinthian Avenue Church, Co- rinthian Ave., near Poplar St... 101 Corn Exchange National Bank, Chestnut and Second Streets 134 PAGE Court-Rooms (United States), Post-Office Building 43 Cramp's Ship-Yard, Kensington, foot of Norris Street 147 Cremation Society's Office, 242 Franklin Street, Philada 225 Crematory and Columbarium, Washington Lane, near Walnut Lane Station, Germantown 225 Crescentville Station, Reading's Newtown Branch .220 Crum Lynne Station, Penns}^- vania's Wilmington Branch 238 Custom-House (U. S.), Chestnut St., bet. Fourth and Fifth Sts..68, 69 Cynwyd Station, Pennsylvania's Schuylkill Valley Division 231 T^arby Station, Baltimore and Ohio Railroad 244 Darby Station, Pennsylvania's Wilmington Branch 238 Deaf and Dumb Institution, Broad and Pine Streets 37 Deaf and Dumb Institution, Oral Branch 49 Delair Station, Burlington Rail- road, above Camden 250 Delanco, Burlington Co., N. J. ..251 Devon Inn and Devon Station, on Pennsylvania's Main Line 230 Dime Museum of Curiosities, Ninth and Arch Streets 126 Disston Hall, Cedar and Cumber- land Streets, Richmond 145 Disston Saw- Works, Tacony 149 Divinity School, Lutheran, Mt. Airy, Chestnut Hill 225 Divinity School, Protestant Epis- copal, Fiflv-tirst St. and Wood- lands Avenue 169, 237 Divinity School, Reformed Epis- copal, 43d and Chestnut Sts 167 XIV PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. PAGE Dooner's Hotel, Tenth Street, uLove Cluj.'^tiiut 50 Drexel Building, Chestnut and Fifth Streets GO Drexel (Mary J.) Home, Ginird and Corinthian Avenues 156, 158 Drexel Institute, Site of, Thirty- Seeond and Chestnut Streets 16G Dying Lioness (Statuary), en- trance of Zoological Garden 177 ^arle's Picture Galleries, 816 Chestnut Street 53 Eastburn's Select School, Broad St. and Fairmount Ave 114, 115 Eastern Penitentiary, Fairmount Ave. and Twenty-second St 161 East Fairmount Park and Vi- cinity 184 East Park Reservoir, near Co- luniliia Avenue and Thirtv- third Street 184, 232 Ebenezer Baptist Church, Mt. A'ernon Street, east of Broad 113 Ebenezer M. E. Church, Chris- tian Street, above Third.. 141 Eddington Station, Pennsylva- nia's New York Division.." .233 Edgely Estate, East Fairmount Park 185 Edge Moor Station, Pennsyl- vania's Wilmington Branch 238 Edgewater Park Village and Station, Burlington, N. J 251 Egg Harbor City, Atlantic Co., New Jersey 252 Edison Electric Light Company of Philadelphia, 927 Chestnut Street 45,51 Educational Home for Indian Boys, Forty-eighth Street and Green way Avenue 168 Edwin Forrest Home, Holmes- burg 150, 151 PAGE Eglise du St. Sauveur, (French Church), 22d St., ah. Pine 90 Eighth United Presbyterian Church, 15th and Christian Sls..l20 Eleventh Baptist Church, Twen- ty-first and Diamond Sts 188 Eleventh Street Station, Penn- sylvania's New York Div 232 Elm Station, Pennsylvania Kail- road (Main Line).". 228 Emmanuel Church (German Ke- formed), Brideshurg 148 Emmanuel Evangelical Re- formed Church, Thirty-eighth and Baring Streets 171 Emmanuel Lutheran Church, Fourth and Carpenter Sts 142 Emmanuel M. E. Church, Twenty-fifth and Brown Sts 161 Engelside Station, Pennsylva- nia's New York Division 232 Episcopal Academy, 1324 Locust Street 37 Episcopal Divinity School (Prot- estant), Fifty-first Street and Woodlands Avenue 169 Episcopal Divinity School (Ee- formed), 43d and Chestnut Sts. ..167 Episcopal Hospital, Lehigh Ave- nue and Front Street 143 Ericsson Lines to Baltimore, etc., Delaware Avenue, near Market Street 129 Erie Avenue Station, Beading 's Bethlehem Branch !'...216 Erie Avenue Station, Keading's Newtown Branch 220 p^airmount Water- Works and Vicinity 175, 178, 181 Fairview Station, Baltimore and Ohio Kailroad 244 Falls of Schuylkill, or Falls Yil- laee 201 PART I. -INDEXICAL. XV PAGE Falls Station, Readinc;'s Norris- town Branch t 226 Farmers' and Mechanics' Na- tional Bank, 425-429 Chestnut Street 67 Federal Street Ferry to Camden.. 249 Fern Rock Station, Keadini!;s New York Divi.n Square 101 Orphanage of the M. E. Church, near Bala Station 231 Orphan Asylum (Burd), Market Street, near Sixty-third 173 Orphan Asylum (Philadelphia), Sixty-fourth Street and Lans- downe Avenue 173 Orthopaedic Hospital, Seven- teenth and Summer Streets 98 Overbrook Station, Pennsvlvania Railroad '. 228 Oxford Presbyterian Church, Broad and Oxford Streets 152 XXIV nilLADKLPlIIA AND ITS ENVII'.DNS. I' AGE palmyra Village and Station, P>urlini;-toii County, N. J 250 Park Avenue M. E. Church, Park Avenue and Norris Street 155 Park Station, Pennsylvania's Scliuylkill Valley Division 230 Park Theatre, Broad Street and Fairmount Avenue 113 Paschall Station, Pennsylvania's AVilniington Branch../. 288 Patterson (Mary Elizabeth) Me- morial Chapel, Sixty-third and Vine Streets 173 Pavonia Village and Station, near Camden, New Jersey 250 Peabody Hotel, 248 South Ninth Street 50 Pencoyd Station, Reading's Main Line Division 227 Penn Asylum, Belgrade Street, near Otis, Kensington 147 Penn Club, Eighth and Locust Streets 102 Penn Mutual Life Insurance Company, 921-925 Chestnut Street 43, 48 Penn National Bank, Seventh and Market Streets.,... 65 Pennsylvania Bible Society, Seventh and Walnut Streets 101 Pennsylvania College of Dental Surgery, 46 N. Twelfth Street.. 3 Pennsylvania Historical Society, Thirteenth and Locust Streets... 38 Pennsylvania Hospital, Eighth and Spruce Streets 102 Pennsylvania Hospital for the Insane, West Philadelphia 172 Pennsylvania Institution for the Deaf and Dumb, Broad and Pine Streets 37 Pennsylvania Institution for the Instruction of the Blind, Twen- tieth and Kace Streets 98 PAGE Pennsylvania Life and Trust Company, Chestnut Street, ah. Fifth 62, 67 Pennsylvania Museum and School of Industrial Art, 1336 Spring Garden Street 112 Pennsylvania R. R. Company, Fourth Street, below Walnut... 77 Pennsylvania Railroad's Routes and Stations 228, 237 Pennsylvania Retreat for Blind Mutes, 3825 Powelton Ave 171 Penn Treaty Monument, Beach Street, near Hanover 146 Pennypack Station, Pennsylva- nia's New York Division 233 People's (State) Bank, No. 435 Chestnut Street 67 Philadelphia and Atlantic City Railroad Station, pier 8 South Wharves 130 Philadelphia and Atlantic City Railroad Station, South Street Wharf. 131, 138 Philadelphia and Reading Rail- road Company, Fourth Street, below Walnut 77 Philadelphia and Reading Ticket Office, Chestnut and Broad Sts. 17 Philadelphia Art Club, 220 South Broad Street 33, 35 Philadelphia Ball Park, Hunt- ingdon Street Station 214 Philadelphia Club, Walnut and Thirteenth Streets 41 Philadelphia College of Phar- macy, 145 N. Tenth Street 1.6 Philadelphia Dental College, Cherry Street, ab. Seventeenth.. 97 Philadelphia Home for Incura- bles, Forty-eighth Street and Woodlands Avenue 168 Philadelphia Home for Infants, 4618 Westminster Avenue 173 tART I. — INDEXICAL. XXV PAGE Philadelphia Hospital, Blockley Almshouse 165 Philadelphia Inquirer, No. 929 Chestnut Street 45 Philadelphia Library, Locust and Juniper Streets 38, 39 Philadelphia Library (Eid^wav Branch) ^120^ 121 Philadelphia National Bank, 419-423 Chestnut Street 67 Philadelphia Orphan Asylum, Sixty-fourth Street and Lans- downe Avenue 173 Philadelphia Polyclinic College, Broad and Lombard Streets 119 Philadelphia Record, Chestnut Street, above Ninth 43, 44 Philadelphia Saving Fund, Wal- nut and Seventh Streets 99, 100 Philadelphia Times, Chestnut and Eighth Streets 50 Philadelphia Trust, Safe Deposit and Insurance Company, 413- 417 Chestnut Street 67 Philopatrian Hall, No. 211 South Twelfth Street 41 Philosophical Society, Fifth St., below Chestnut 59 Pipe Bridge over the Wissa- hickon 207 Pitman Methodist Episcopal Church, Twenty-third and Lombard Streets. ..1! 248 Point Breeze Park, near Leao;ue Island ;....124 Polyclinic College for Graduates in Medicine, Broad and Lom- l)ard Streets 119 Poplar Station, Eeadino-'s Norris- town Branch 227 Port Richmond, District of, with Ilkistration of Coal Wharves... 145 Postal-Telegraph Cable Com- pany, Third and Chestnut Sts... 73 VAii K Post-Office (United States), 9th and Chestnut Streets .42, 43 Powelton Avenue Baptist Church, nr. Thirty-Seventh St..l71 Powelton Avenue Station, Penn- sylvania llailroad 228 Powers & Weightman's Chemi- cal Works 210 Presbyterian and Presbyterian Journal, 1510-1512 Chestnut St. 27 Presbyterian Board of Publica- tion, 1334-36 Chestnut Street... 18 Presbyterian Home for Widows and Single Women, near 52d St. and Greenway Ave 169, 238 Presbyterian Hospital, Thirty- ninth St. and Powelton Ave 172 Presbyterian Orphanage, Fifty- eighth Street and Kingsessing Avenue 169, 238 Press (newspaper). Chestnut and Seventh Streets 63 Prickett College of Commerce, Girard Building, Broad and Chestnut Streets 12 Primos Station (Oak Lane), Pennsylvania's Media Branch. .289 Princeton Presbyterian Church, 38th St. and Powelton Ave 172 Produce National Bank, No. 104 Chestinit Street 134 Protestant Episcopal Divinity School, Fifty first Street and Woodlands Avenue... 169 Provident Building, Chestnut and Fourth Streets 67 Provident Life and Trust Com- pany, 409-411 Chestnut Street.. 67 Public Ledger (newspaper), Si.xth and Chestnut Streets 63 Quaker City Cold Storage Com- ^ pany. Spruce Street and Delaware Avenue 138 X X V 1 TIIILADKLPIIIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. VAOK Queen Lane Station, Pennsyl- vania's (xernumtown Bnincli 234 XPadnor Village and Station, Pennsylvania's jNIain Jjine....229 Reading Railroad Company's Ferries to Camden 249 Reading Railroad's Routes and Stations 200, 210 Reading's Atlantic City Rail- road, from Pier 8 S o u t h Wharves 130, 131 Reading's Main Line, Broad and Callowhill Streets .....227 Reading's Newtown Branch, from Third and Berks Streets... 220 Real Estate Investment Com- pany, 721 Walnut Street 99 Real Estate Trust Company, 1340 Chestnut Street 18 Record (Philadelphia), Chestnut Street, above Ninth Street.. ..43, 44 Recorder of Deeds (Office of), 423 Chestnut Street 67 Reformed Episcopal Church, Chestnut St., ab. Twcnt; -first... 85 Register of Wills, Office of, 419 Chestnut Street 67 Richmond District and Coal Wharves 145 Ridge Avenue Station, Pennsyl- vania's New York Division 232 Ridgway Branch of Philadelphia Library, Broad and Christian Streets 120, 121 Ridgway Park, opposite "Walnut Street Wharf. 133 Ridley Station, Baltimore and Ohio P.ailroad 244 Ridley Park, Village and Station, Pennsylvania's Wilmington Braneh 238 Rittenhouse Club, 1811 Walnut Street 85 PAGE Rittenhouse Square, Eighteenth and Walnut Streets 32, 81 Riverside Station, Pennsylva- nia's Wilmington Bran(;h 238 Riverside Village and Station, Burlington County, N. J 251 Riverton Village and Station, Burlington County, N. J 250 Rodef Shalom (Hebrew Syna- gogue), Broad and Green Sts....ll3 Roman Catholic Cathedral, Eighteenth and Race Streets..31, 93 Roman Catholic High-School, Broad and Vine Streets 13 Roofer's Exchange, 18-24 South Seventh Street 05 Rosemont Station, Pennsyl- vania Railroad (Main Line) 229 Roxborough Lyceum, Roxbor- ough 203 Roxborough, Suburban Town of 202 Ryer's Station, Reading's New- town Branch ..,.^. 220, Qt. Agatha's Roman Catholic Church, Thirty-eighth and Spring Garden Streets 171 St. Agnes's Hospital (Roman Catholic), Broad and Mifflin Streets 123 St. Andrew's Protestant Episco- pal Church, Eighth Street, ab. Spruce r. 102 St. Andrew's Protestant Episco- pal Church, Thirty-sixth and Baring Streets 171 St. Ann's Academy, 814 Tucker Street 144 St. Ann's Roman Catholic Church, Lehigh Avenue and Memphis Street 144 St. Asaph's Protestant Episco- pal Church, at Bala 231 PART I. — INDEXICAL. XXVI I PAGE St. Augustine's Roman Catholic Church, Fourth St., bel. Vine... 106 St. Barnabas's Church, Third and Dauphin Streets 144 St. Boniface's Church, Front and Diamond Streets 144 St. Bridget's Church, Falls of Schuylkill 201 St. Charles Borromeo, Theologi- cal Seminary of, at Overbrook...228 St. Clement's Church, Twentieth and Cherry Streets 98 St. David's P. E. Church (Ante- lie volutionarvj, near Devon 230 St. David's Protestant Episco- pal Church, Manayunk 202 St. David's Station, Pennsyl- vania Railroad, Main Line 229 St. Edward's Roman Catholic Church, Eighth and York Sts...214 St, Elizabeth's Roman Catholic Church, 18th and Berks Sts 188 St. Elmo Hotel, No. 317 Arch St..l30 St. Francis Academy (Roman Catholic), 2324 Green Street 180 St. George's Hall, Arch and Thirteenth Streets 3 St. George's M. E. Church, Fourth Street, below Vine lOG St. James's Church, Kingsessinc;, Woodlands Ave., near 68th St..l69 St. James's P. E. Church, Walnut • and TwentA'-Second Streets 89 St. Joachim's Roman Catholic Church, Penn and Pine Streets, Frankford 233 St. John's Church (German Lu- theran), 15th St., near Poplar. ..152 St. John's Church, Manayunk. ...202 St. John's Lutheran Church, Race Street, helow Sixth 106 St. John's Roman Catholic Church, 13th St., ab. Chestnut... 23 PAGE St. John the Baptist's Church (P. E.), Germantown 222 St. Joseph's College, Eighteenth and Stiles Streets 160 St. Joseph's Female Orphan Asylum, Spruce and Seventh Streets 101 St. Joseph's Hospital, Seven- teenth St. and Girard Avenue. ..160 St. Joseph's Roman Catholic Church, Willing's Alley 77 St. Jude's Protestant Episcopal Church, Franklin Street, above Brown 212 St. Lawrence's Church, Vienna and Memphis Streets 146 St. Luke's Episcopal Church, Thirteenth St., below Spruce.... 37 St. Luke's Episcopal Church, [Market (jcjuaro, Germantown... 224 St. Luke's Evangelical Lutheran Church, Seventh Street and Montgomery Avenue 213 St. Mark's Lutheran Church, Spring Garden Street, ab. 13th...ll5 St. Mark's Protestant Episcopal Church, Locust St., ab. 16th.... 82 St. Mark's Protestant Episcopal Church, Frankford 149 St. Martin-in-the-Fields, Church of, Wissahickon Heights 23<) St. Mary's Hospital, Frankford Road and Palmer Street 147 St. Mary's Protestant Episcopal Church, Locust St., near 39th. ..166 St. Mary's Roman Catholic Church, Fourth Street, between Walnut and Spruce Streets 77 St. Matthew's Protestant Epis- copal Church, Eigliteenth Street and Girard Avenue 159 St. Matthias's Protestant Epis- copal Church, Nineteenth and Wallace Streets 180 XXVlll PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. PAGE St. Michael's Roman Catholic Church, 2d and Jefferson Sts....214 St. Patrick's Roman Catholic Church, 20th and Locust Sts. ... 82 St. Paul's Methodist Episcopal Church, G19 Catharine Street.. .140 St. Paul's P. E. Church, Third Street, below Walnut 77 St. Paul's R. C. Church, Chris- tian Street, below Tenth 140 St. Peter's P. E. Church, Third and Pine Streets 139 St. Peter's R. C. Church, Fifth Street and Girard Avenue 213 St. Simeon's P.E. Church, Ninth Street and Lehigh Avenue 214 St. Stephen's Church (Protestant Episcopal), Bridesburg 148 St. Stephen's M. E. Church, Main Street, Germantown 222 St. Stephen's P. E. Church, Tenth St., above Chestnut 50 St. Timothy's P. E. Church, Kced Street, below Eighth 142 St. Timothy's P. E. Church, Eoxborough 203 St. Timothy's Workingmen's Club, Manayunk 203 St. Vincent's Home, Eighteenth and Wood Streets 94 Salem, City of, Salem Co., N. J.. 252 Salem M. E. Church, Lombard and Juniper Streets 119 Salem Steamboat Line, Arch Street Wharf 129 School Lane Station, Reading's Norristown Branch 226 School of Practice (Public), Spring Garden and 17th Sts 113 Schuylkill Arsenal (U.S.), Gray's Ferry Road 247 Schuylkill Navy Athletic Club, 1626-1628 Arch Street. ..95, 97, 183 PAGE Schuylkill Valley Division of Pennsylvania Railroad 230 Scots Presbyterian Church, Broad Street, near Mifflin 123 Secane Station (Spring Hill), Pennsylvania's Media Branch..239 Second Moravian Church, Franklin and Thompson Sts.... 213 Second National Bank, Frank- ford 149 Second Presbyterian Church, Walnut and Twenty-first Sts.... 89 Second Presbyterian Church (Germantown), Tulpehocken and Green Streets 236 Second Reformed Church in America, 7th St., ab. Brown. ..212 Second United Presbyterian Church, Race St., above 15th.., 8 Secret Service (United States), Post-Office Building 43 Sellers (William) & Co., Six- teenth and Hamilton Streets Ill Seventh National Bank, Fourth and Market Streets 133 Seventieth Street Station, Balti- more and Ohio Railroad 244 Shackamaxon Street Ferry, Ken- sington 146, 249 Sharon Hill Village and Station, Penna.'s AVilmington Branch... 238 Sharpless Brothers, Eighth and Chestnut Streets 53- Shortlidge Media Academy, Media Borough, Pa 243, 245 Signal Service (United States), Post-Office Building 43 Sixteenth Street Station, Read- ing's Germantown Branch 214 Sixtieth Street Station, Balti- more and Ohio's Route 244 South Broad Street Baptist Church, Broad and Reed Sts.... 132 PART I. INDEXICAL. XXIX PAGK South Broad Street Theatre, Broad iStreet above Spruce 37 Southern Home for Destitute Children, Twelfth and Fiiz- water Streets 120 South Street Station, Pennsylva- nia Kailroad 237 Spencer (George) & Co., 926 Arch Street 126 Spreckels's Sugar Refinery, Eeed Street and Delaware River 141 Spring Garden Baptist Church, Nineteenth and Master Streets..l60 Spring Garden Institute, Broad and Spring Garden Streets 112 Spring Garden M. E. Church, Twentieth and Spring Garden Streets 179 Spring Garden National Bank, Spring Garden and Tvvelftii Streets 115 Spring Garden Presbyterian Church, Eleventh Street, above Spring Garden 212 Spring Garden Water- Works, East Fairmount Park 184 Spruce Street Baptist Church, above Fourth Street 139 Standard Theatre, South Street, below Twelfth 119 Stanwich Village and Station, Burlington Count}', ISI. J 252 Star, Evening, No. 30 South Sev- enth Street ,. . 63 Stock Exchange, Drexel's Build- ing 60 Strafford Station, Pennsylvania Ptailroad's Main Line 280 Stratford Hotel, Broad and Wal- nut Streets 87 Strawbridge & Clothier, Eighth and Market Streets 53 Sunday Mercury, No. 21 South Seventh Street 63 PAGE Sunday Transcript, 703 Chestnut Street 63 Supreme Court (State), City Hall 1 Swarthmore Station and Col- lege, Pennsvlvania's M e d i a Branch ". 230 Swedenborgian Church, Chest- nut and Twenty-second Sts...86, 88 Swedenborgian Church, Frank- ford 149 Sweet Brier, West Fairmount Park 190, 191 'pabernacle Baptist Church, Chestnut Street, above Eigh- teenth 85 Tabor Station, Reading's New York Division 216 Tacony District and Stat'n, 149, 233 Taggart's Sunday Times, 819 AValnut Street 50 Temple Adath Jeshurun, Seventh Street, ab. Columbia Avenue.. ..213 Temple Baptist Church, Twenty- second and Tioga Sts., Tioga 214 Temple Presbyterian Church, Franklin and Thompson Sts 213 Tenth National Bank, Broad Street and Columbia Avenue 152 Tenth Presbyterian Church, Twelfih and AV'alnut Streets 41 Theological Seminary of St. Charles Borromeo, at Over- brook 228 Third and Berks Streets Station, Reading Raili'oad 144 Third Baptist Church, Wister and Wakefield Streets, German- town 222 Third National Bank, Broad and Market Streets 142 Third Presbyterian Church, Fourth and Pine Streets 139 XXX piiiIjAdelphia and its environs. PAGE Thompson, E. O., 1338 Chestnut Street 18 Thurlow Station, Pennsylvania's Wilmington Branch 238 Tioga Station, Beading's Ger- man town Branch 214 Tioga Street Station, Beading's German town Branch 214 Tioga Street Station, Kensington, on Pennsylvania's New York Division 232 Tioga Village, on the Pennsylva- nia's Germantown Branch 233 Torresdale Station, on Pennsyl- vania's New York Division 233 Tradesmen's National Bank, Drexel Building 60 Trenton Steamboat Line, Arch Street Wharf 129 Trinity Lutheran Church, Main Street, Germantown 222 Trinity Methodist Church, Mount Vernon and 15th Sts 115 Trinity P. E. Church, Catharine Street, near Second 140 Trinity P. E. Church, Forty-sec- and and Baltimore Avenue 166 Tulpehocken Station, Pennsyl- vania's Germantown Branch. ...236 Twelfth Street Meeting, Twelfth Street, below Market 23 Twenty-second Street Station, on Pennsjdvania's N. Y. Div....232 Twenty-second Street Station, Beading's Norristown Branch. ..226 ■y^ion^ League of Philadelphia, Broad and Sansom Streets..28, 29 Union National Bank, Third and Arch Streets 130 Union Presbyterian Church, Thirteenth Street, bel. Spruce... 37 Union Trust Company, 715-717 Chestnut Street 63 PAGE Unitarian Church (First); Chest- nut Street, nr. Twenty-second.... 85 Unitarian Church, Germantown, Chelton Avenue and Green St.. 284 United States Mint, Chestnut Street, below Broad ...18, 19 United States Post-Office, Chest- nut and Ninth Streets 42, 43 University Club, 1316 Walnut Street 41 University Hospital, Thirty- sixth and Spruce Streets 162 University of Pennsylvania, Thirty-fourth and Pine Sts..l62, 163 Upland Station, Baltimore and Ohio Bailroad 244 Upsal Station, Pennsjdvania's Chestnut Hill Branch 236 Upton Station, Pennsylvania's Main Line 229 ■galley Falls Station, Beading's Newtown Branch 220 Valley Forge Station, Beading's Main Line Division 227 Valley Green Hotel, on the Wis- sahiclpears to justify its 54 PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. claim as "A Dictionary of Universal Knowledge;" Allibone's Dic- tionary of Authors, hitherto in three royal octavo volumes, and now about to be supplemented by a fourth, issued under the editor- ship of John Foster Kirk, LL.D. ; Lippincott's Pronouncing Bio- graphical Dictionary and Pro- nouncing Gazetteer of the World, both ponderous tomes of over twenty-five hundred pages each, bearing the scholarly impress of Dr. Joseph Thomas, their chief editor ; Worcester's Series of Dic- tionaries, now for some time owned by this concern ; Prescott's Historical Works, edited by Dr. Kirk, besides a host of other books of minor importance. Embraced within these premises, besides the book and stationery salesrooms, are a mammoth bindery and printing office, at the rear (the Filbert Street front), six stories in height and seventy-five by one hundred and fifty feet in extent. The entire depth of the building is three hundred and sixty-five feet. An aggre- gate of about one hundred and twenty-five thousand square feet of floor surface is occupied by the various departments of this concern, and here, besides the vast stock of books, stationery, and fancy goods (foreign and domestic), with which the place abounds, may be seen, carried on in the completest manner, the successive steps in the pro- THE POST-OFFICE AND VICINITY. 55 cess of book-making from the beginning to the fiaish. In the printing-office and bindery are shown, by ocular demonstration, the meaning of the terms composition^ ijress-worJc, folding^ gathering^ sewing^ forwarding^ marhling^ casing^ finishing, etc., which designate the several processes (each the work of a different artisan) through which a volume passes in its course from tlie writer's pen to the hand of the reader. An extensive collection of power-presses, of the most J, B, LIPPINCOTT COMPANY'S BINDERY AND PRINTING-OFFICE. ajiproved patterns, for book and job printing, supplemented by many curious labor-saving contrivances, such as book-folding and book- sewing machines, are here conveniently arranged in the several rooms, the tout ensemble constituting one of the most complete book- manufacturing plants in the world. The capital stock of this house is $1,000,000. INDEPENDENCE HALL. IV. Independence Hall and Vicinity. Eight squares east of the new City Hall, on Chestnut Street be- tween Fifth and Sixth Streets, stands the most famous of the old- time buildings of Philadelphia, the State House of colonial times, but since the Revolutionary War known as Independence Hall. Though built (1729-1735) by the Province of Pennsylvania for State purposes, the edifice is most intimately associated in the American mind with the year 1776 and the occurrences connected with the establishment of the United States government. Here in the principal hall — the east room on the first floor — was convened the Second Continental Congress, by whom it was resolved "That these united colonies are, and ought to be, free and independent States : and that all political connection between us and the State of Great Britain is, and ought to be, totally dissolved." In the same Hall also, in secret session, on July 4 of the same year (1776) Congress adopted the immortal Dec- laration of Independence, which on the 8th was publicly read to the assembled citizens in the State House yard, now known as Independ- ence Square. Flanking Independence Hall on either hand and connected with it by a series of public offices (the whole known as "State House Row") are the old City Hall, at Fifth and Chestnut Streets, — long occupied as offices by the mayor and other city officials, — and the old Congress Hall, at Sixth and Chestnut Streets, which in the early days of the Republic was occupied by the diflTerent departments of the Federal government. Here in the room of the House of Representa- tives, in the latter building, Washington, in 1793, was inaugurated president for the second time, and here John Adams, four years later, assumed the duties of the same office. Adjoining the old City Hall, on Fifth Street below Chestnut, is the building of the American Philosophical Society, an outgrowth of the "Junto" Club, established by Dr. Franklin and others in 1743. This building, erected in 1787 upon ground donated to the Society by the Commonwealth, is occupied in part, under lease to the city, by some of the city courts, 59 Philosoph- ical Society. Drexel Building. 60 PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. the upper rooras being reserved for the use of the Society and con- taining its hbrary of some 60,000 books and pamphlets, and many other treasures. The presidents of the association during the first century and a quarter of its existence were Benjamin Franklin, David Rittenhouse, Thomas Jefferson, Caspar Wistar, Robert Patterson, William Tilghman, Peter Stephen Duponceau, Robert M. Patterson, Nathaniel Chapman, Franklin Bache, Alexander Dallas Bache, John K. Kane, George B. Wood, and Frederick Fraley ; and among its vice-presidents, secretaries, curators, treasurers, and councilors are numbered many of the most distinguished citizens of Philadelphia. Nominations for membership are decided by ballot at the stated meet- ings of the Society, and visitors introduced by members are welcomed to the rooms. Quite without a rival among the business houses of the city, and equalled perhaps alone in point of magnificence by the new City Hall, the splendid Drexel Building, at Chestnut and Fifth Streets, towers high above all neighboring structures — a conspicuous object for miles around and affording from its roof a fine view of the city and surrounding country. Commenced in 1885, its germ was the new banking-house of Drexel & Co., erected in that year at the corner of Fifth and Chestnut Streets— itself an edifice that had few equals of its kind in the country. The completed structure, finished in 1888, extends over two hundred and twenty feet on Fifth Street by one hundred and forty-two feet on Chestnut Street (less the frontage of twenty-seven feet of the Independence National Bank), and covers a ground area of about thirty thousand square feet. Ten stories in height, the building rises one hundred and thirty-five feet above the street and contains over four hundred rooms, mostly occupied as offices by leading bankers and brokers, by corporations, lawyers, etc. The external walls of the building are faced with white marble, the body of the walls being of hard brick laid in Portland cement. Here on the first floor of the Chestnut Street front, at the corner of Custom House Place, is the Tradesmen's National Bank, over which, on the second floor, is the Board Room of the Philadelphia Stock Exchange, and above is the room of the Philadelphia Board of Trade. In the construction of this mammoth building there were used to cover the exterior surfaces seventy-one thousand square feet of marble and granite, eleven thousand square feet of white enam- elled brick, and thirty-six thousand square feet of windows and doors. The floor surface, exclusive of cellar and attic, is one hundred and Pennsylvania Life & Trust Company. 62 PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. eighty-four thousand seven hundred and eighty-one square feet. Four elevators near the centre of the building give swift access to the various stories, and broad stairways extend from the basement to the tenth floor. Nestled between the wings of the Drexel Building, at 430 Chestnut Street, its highly ornate front contrasting forcibly with its immediate surroundings, stands the Independence National Bank. Midway between Fifth and Sixth Streets, on the north side of Chestnut and fronting Independence Hall, is the new building of the Pennsylvania Company for Insurances on Lives and Granting Annuities, a thoroughly fire-proof structure extending from Chestnut to Minor Streets, a distance of two hundred and fifty-seven feet by eighty-one feet in width and one hundred feet high. Built in the Romanesque style of architecture, with an elaborately constructed granite front of mas- sive proportions, this edifice presents a striking contrast to the build- ings with which it is surrounded. The banking-room is one hundred and thirty-three feet long, seventy-seven feet wide, and fifty-two feet high, is said to be the largest banking-room in the world, with per- haps a single exception, and is a fitting home for an institution with a capital of two million dollars and assets valued at over ten millions and a half. Organized in 1809, its prosperous career of more than three-quarters of a century has placed it in the very front rank of the institutions of the kind in the country, and vast interests, — largely trusts and estates,— are confided to its care. At the north-east corner of Chestnut and Sixth Streets are offices of the Reading and the Baltimore and Ohio Railroads, and at No. 622 Chestnut is an office of the United States and Baltimore and Ohio Expresses, The jewelry store of George Eakins & Son, No. 616 Chest- nut Street, presents an attractive collection of general novelties, em- bracing unique designs in jewelry, curios, and oddities from all parts of the world. The office of the Board of Health is at the south- west corner of Sixth and Sansom Streets, and a short distance west of the latter (Nos. 606-614 Sansom Street) are the type and electrotype foundries and warerooms of the MacKellar, Smiths & Jordan Company, a house which, through an unbroken line of predecessors, dates its beginning in die closing decade of the last century, and which during its hundred years of active life has probably dispensed to its patrons more material for use in "The art preservative of all art'' than any other kindred concern in the country. Its officers are, President, INDEPENDENCE HALL AND VICINITY. 68 Thomas MacKellar ; Vice-President, Bichard Smith ; Treasurer, John F. Smith ; Secretary, WiUiam B. MacKellar ; Assistant Secretary, G. Frederick Jordan. At 607 Cliestniit Street are the publication office and editorial rooms of the Evening Bulletin, now nearing the close of the first half-century of its existence, and nearly oppo- site (Nos. 612-614) is the publishing house of the German Democrat, established in 1838. Adjoining the latter (TSTos. 608-610) is the hand- some new building of the Land Title and Trust Company, and at the corner of Chestnut and Sixth Streets is the commanding edi- fice which constitutes the home of Phihidelphia's prosperous daily newspaper, the Public Ledger, which, under the management of Mr. George W. Childs, its present proprietor, has become the exemplar of thorough moral cleanliness, coupled with the completest material success. On the south-west and north-west corners of Chestnut and Seventh Streets are the offices, respectively, of the Press and the North American newspapers, and at 703 Chestnut Street the Sunday Tran- script is published. A few doors above (No. 711) is the well-known W^ashington Hotel, which fwo-score years ago was among the most popular hotels in the city. Next to this hotel, on the site of the old Masonic Temple, has been erected, under the supervision of Architec^t Willis J. Hale, a massive and attractive stone block of banking-houses having the external appearance of a central building and two wings, but really consisting of three separate properties with a combined frontage of one hundred and ten feet and a depth of one hundred and seventy feet to Jayne Street. Here in the centre building (Nos. 715-717) is the new home of the Union Trust Company, a C) ^ JC3 o CO n w •*-• (L) rn c CO 3 o ^ ro ii m O 3 o ■4-> CO 0) > ■4-> ►—« G O o ^ Cfl u cfl (U >> CO Guarantee Fund securing Investors, over^ $3,000,000 O o 3 CO n < <■ CO 3 o S O 3 >— CO s- ^ en pu a* cu o c cr cr PHILADELPHIA DIRECTORS.— Wm. B. Bement, Industrial Iron Works; Geo. Burnham, Baldwin Locomotive Works; Geo. Philler, President First National Bank; Geo. M. Troutman, President Central National Bank; Wm. McGeorge, Jr., Coun- sellor-at-Law. Six per cent, first mortgages, guaranteed by above fund, also six per cent, debentures, in large or small sizes, for sale at par and accrued interest. Safest investment for Trust funds. Send for pamphlets. WM. McGEORGE, Jr., Third Vice-President, 131-143 South Fourth St., Philadelphia. Bullitt Building, Second Floor Front. Union Assurance CHESTNUT, WALNUT, THIRD, AND FOURTH STREETS. 77 secured, electric lights aud gas are furnished to every part of the building. A unique fire-escape, covered by an ornamental screen, gives an attractive finish to the Fourth Street front. This building was erected under the supervision of T. P. Lonsdale, architect. A half square west of the American Life, midway between Fourth and Fifth Streets, on the south side of Walnut, towers the new building of the Commercial Union Assurance Company of London, or- ommercia g^nized in 1861 and since 1870 well known in business circles in Philadelphia and the United States generally, where the published statement of its business shows an Company. \ ^^^^^^^^^ ^f f^.^j^^ ^940,942 in 1878 to 12,354,766 in 1888. The building now approaching completion is constructed of buff brick, with Indiana limestone trimmings, and rises to the height of eight stories (one hundred and seventeen feet) from the pavement, its main entrance— a central arched door-way nine feet four inclies wide — being flanked bj^ massive columns nearly five feet in diameter. Plate-glass windows, more than twelve feet wide with heavy arches, light the first floor front, and over the door-\\^ay the Company's name and the English coat of arms are elaborately engraved upon the stone. The home-otfice statement of the Company for 1888 showed assets of $12,927,000 and a surplus of $4,983,000. On Fourth Street below Walnut stands the main offlce-buildings of the Philadelphia and Reading Railroad Company and the Pennsyl- vania Railroad Company, occupying respectively the north-east and south-east corners of Fourth Street and AVilling's Alley, the building of the former (the Philadelphia and Reading) being built of brown- stone and of the latter (the Pennsylvania) having a massive granite front with a portico. A short distance below these buildings, on the west side of Fourth Street, is St. Mary's Church (Roman Catholic), a plain brick structure externall}', but handsomely decorated within. This church was first erected in 1763, was enlarged in 1810, and reno- vated and beautified in 1886. Another celebrated old-time Catholic church is St. Joseph's, on the north side of Witling's Alley, immedi- ately in the rear of the Reading Railroad office. This building \vas erected in 1879, and, with its parish buildings, is surrounded by busi- ness-houses. At the foot of Witling's Alley, on the east side of Third Street, below Walnut, is St. Paul's Church (Protestant Episcopal), first erected in 1761, but modernized in 1832. A short distance above, at Third and Walnut Streets, is the Merchants' Exchange, near which, on Third Street, at the head of Dock Street, is the Girard Bank. AMERICAN LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY, S. E. COR. FOURTH AND WALNUT STREETS. COMMERCIAL UNION ASSURANCE COMPANY'S BUILDING, 416, 418, AND 420 WALNUT STREET. THE aster Builders' Exchange OF PHILADELPHIA. 7K OF^F^ICERS. 1889. Preside7it, DAVID A. WOELPPER. Vice-Presidents , Stacy Reeves, George Watson, George W. Roydhouse. Secretary, Treasurer, William Harkness, Jr. DIRECTORS. 1889. Chas. H. Reeves. David A. Woelpper. Stacy Reeves, J. S. Thorn, Murrell Dobbins, Chas. H. Reeves, Geo. W. Roydhouse, John Kisterbock, William B. Irvine, Miles King, Wm. H. Albertson, Samuel J. Creswell, William Gray, William Harkness, Jr., George Watson, Maurice Joy, Jacob R. Garber, Peter Carrigan, Fred. F. Myhlertz, John E. Eyanson, Franklin M. Harris, Charles Gillingham, 7i\ John S. Stevens. THE BUILDING, SITUATED ON THE WEST SIDE OF SEVENTH STREET, MIDWAY BETWEEN MARKET AND CHESTNUT STREETS, IS OCCUPIED AS FOLLOWS : THE EXCHANGE ROOM. The members of the Builders' Exchange meet daily during 'Change hour (12.30 to 1.30 p.m.) in the Exchange Room, which occupies the entire second floor front, which is handsomely fitted up and in every way admirably adapted to the purpose. THE EXHIBITION ROOM. The entire main hall on the first floor, 75 x 105 feet, is occupied as a Permanent Exhibition, for the display of all kinds of materials, natural or artificial, modes of construction, new appliances, inventions, or devices used in the construction and finish of buildings. THE MECHANICAL. TRADE SCHOOL. The basement is commodiously fitted up for use as a school for the instruction of youth pre- paratory to apprenticeship to the various trades connected with building. BUSINESS OFFICES. The entire remainder of the building constituting the second floor back and the third and fourth floors is divided into numerous commodious offices, which are occupied by parties whose business connects them with the building trades. (See page 65.) Rittenhouse Square. VI. Rittenhouse Square and Vicinity. Rittenhouse Square, a well-kept and finely-shaded common of six acres, the " South-west Square" of Penn's time, and called bj^ the latter name from its relative position to the "Centre Square" of those days, where now stands the new Citj^ Hall, extends from Walnut Street south to Locust, and from Eighteenth Street to Nineteenth, its immediate surroundings embracing the most fashionable section of the city. Here almost un- broken blocks of costly mansions attest the vast wealth of those who are so fortunate as to be reckoned among the residents of that locality, while numerous churches (some of them of much elegance) erected here and there, on eligible sites, add not a little to the attractiveness of the section. A growing lack of uniformity in the style of archi- tecture and of the material both of the private residences and of the public edifices gives variety to the scene. Here and there may be seen massive brick and brown-stone mansions of impressive sombre- ness and solidity, while not unfrequently, in the immediate neigh- borhood of buildings of this style, will be found a fancy patent-brick structure or a modern light-stone front. Fronting the Square, at the corner of Nineteenth and Walnut Streets, stands the well-known and popular Church of the Holy Trinity (Protestant Episcopal), a Gothic structure of brown-stone, handsomely furnished, with a tower one hundred and fifty feet high, and a Sunday-school building adjoining on Walnut Street. This church, first opened for worship in 1859, is a fine specimen of the most approved st^'le of architecture of three dec- ades ago, and its several rectors since have been men eminent in their profession. Street-cars on Walnut Street and on Nineteenth pass the doors of the church, while those on Eigiiteenth, Twentieth, Chestnut, and Spruce Streets pass a square away Three doors from the Church of the Holy Trinity (at No. 206 South Nineteenth Street), and fronting on the Square, is the Roman Catholic Academy of the Sisters of Notre Dame, a substantial structure of brick with brown-stone 81 Holy Trinity P.E.Church. Academy of Notre Dame. 82 PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. trimmings ; almost immediately in tlie rear of which and fronting on Twentieth Street is the Western Methodist Episcopal Church, a a plain, rough-cast building erected in 1833. On the same street, a short distance south, at Twentieth and Locust, stands the .Roman Catholic St. Patrick's Church (built years ago when that section of the city was comparatively little improved) and its parish buildings, which now include a large parish school. Handsome rows of dwell- ings occupy Spruce and Pine Streets near Twentieth, and near the latter on Pine is the attractive Christ Church Chapel (Protestant Epis- copal), doubtless the germ of what will ere long become a prosperous church organization. Two squares distant, at the corner of Nine- teenth and Lombard Streets, stands the Church of the Mediator (also Protestant Episcopal), a plain stone structure. The vicinity of Sev- enteenth and Spruce Streets is noted as among the most desirable residence sections of the city, sufficiently removed from the turmoil of business yet easy of access from all points. On the south-west corner of these streets is located the West Spruce Street Presbyterian Church (originally a colony from the Tenth Presbyterian, at Twelfth and Walnut Streets), erected in 1855-56, a massive Gothic brick edi- fice, with a steeple two hundred and forty-eight feet high. Besides the cars on both Spruce and Seventeenth Streets, which pass the doors of this church, those on Sixteenth and Eighteenth Streets from the southern section of the city, and on Walnut and Pine Streets from the east, pass a square away. Midway between Sixteenth and Seventeenth Streets, on Locust, stands the beautiful St. Mark's Church (Protestant Episcopal), a Gothic brown-stone structure with a tower and spire rising to the height of one hun- dred and seventy feet above the pavement. This edi- fice is built entirely of stone, without and within, and lighted by stained-glass windows, its furniture being of solid oak and its exterior covered with festoons of ivy. A parish building in the same general style of architecture, embracing Sunday- and day-school rooms and other apartments, occupies a portion of the grounds, its ivy-covered walls contributing not a little to the beauty of the scene. This church is conveniently reached by the cars on Walnut, Spruce, Sixteenth, and Seventeenth Streets, and by several other lines that pass in the immediate neighborhood. Fronting Rittenhouse Square on the east (the Eighteenth Street side, its grounds extending to Seventeenth Street) is the attractive establishment of the late Joseph Harrison, noted for his career as St. Mark's P.E. Church RESIDENCE ON WEST WALNUT STREET. DISSEMINATING SOUND LITERATURE. ill The work that is being done by the Charles Foster Publishing Co. of Philadelphia. SOME philosopher has declared that '* the mind grows with what it feeds upon," and the soundness of such an axiom is in- disputable. Accepting it as the criterion, it will be admitted with- out argument that about the most beneficial work that public-spirited men can engage in is the dissemi- nation of sound literature, and es- pecially that which is intended for the young. The effects of the work which is now being done in this direction will be felt for hun- dreds of years to come. In this connection it is proper to say something about the Charles Foster Publishing Company, of Philadelphia. It is not a great many years since the now impor- tant business that is carried on under the above style was first estab- lished. Mr. Charles Foster, the founder, though then unfamiliar with the publishing business, was yet convinced that a book which he had completed, after years of patient labor, was destined to have a large sale. This book was the "Story of the Bible," now so well known as the best simple version of the Bible ever written. It is not only used in homes and schools throughout this country, but has also been reprinted in foreign lands. The success of the " Story of the Bible," and the need that plainly existed for a series of books which would impart to children of tender years, as well as older persons, a knowledge of the Bible, led the author to prepare several other volumes. These also have attained great popularity, and the series thus established is considered by eminent authorities, both in this country and in England, — where they have been reprinted, — as the best ever published for the purpose of simplify- ing and making plain the Scriptures. The books are suitable for children, adults, or any who wish to acquire with ease and pleasure a knowledge of the main portion of the Bible, The business so modestly established, with the sale of a few copies of a single book, has steadily grown, until more than one hundred thousand of Mr. Foster's books have been sold in a single year, and in all more than half a million copies of them have been sent out. BUILDING OF THE CHAS. FOSTER PUBLISHING CO. 716 SANSOM ST., PHILADELPHIA. Harrison Mansion. Rittenhouse Club. RITTENHOUSE SQUARE AND VICINITY. 85 a civil engineer and constructor of railroads, at which, under con- tracts with the Emperor of Russia, he amassed a large fortune ; and on Walnut Street above Eighteenth (No. 1811) is the home of the Rittenhouse Club, a social,, non-political organization possessing the general characteristics of the old Philadelphia Club, of which it may be consid- ered the offspring. At the north-east corner of Chest- nut and Eighteenth Streets is the Philadelphia City In- stitute, founded in 1852, in which is maintained a free public library, open afternoon and evening, where, in addition to accommodations for visitors, books are loaned under certain regulations. A free even- ing-school is also conducted here when there are funds available for that purpose. The volumes in the library number about. 12,000, and the number of visitors is about 30,000 per annum. On Chestnut Street above Eighteenth is the Tabernacle Baptist Church, an imposing edi- fice with a circular front supported by brown-stone pillars, and a spire over two hundred feet high. A square above, on the south side of Chestnut Street west of Nineteenth (No. 1910), stands the Aldine Hotel, an elegant establishment, noted especially as a family hotel rather than as a hostelry for transient vis- itors. The main part of the edifice was once the resl- (dence of Mrs. Dr. Rush, in her day a distinguished leader of society, who sought, by the exercise of a generous and refined hospitality, to Wake her house the social centre of Philadelphia. After the death of Mrs. Rush and her husband the house became the property of Mr. J. B. Lippincott, and, although it has since received extensive addi- ctions, much of it remains exactly as it was in the days when as the ^" Rush mansion" it enjoyed a wide and reputable notoriety. At the rear it opens upon pleasant gardens, and it is in all respects an exceed- (ingly agreeable and comfortable place of sojourn. j Two squares west of the Aldine Hotel, on Chestnut Street, a group of fashionable churches attract the attention of the ob- server. Midway between Twenty-first and Twenty-sec- ond Streets, on the south side of Chestnut, stands the Second Reformed Episcopal Church, the leading church of that denomination in Philadelphia, and having for its rector the bishop of the diocese. Nearly opposite, on the north side of Chestnut, is the beautiful edifice of the First Unitarian Church, whose congregation, organized near the close of the last century, formerly had their home at Tenth Aldine Hotel. Reformed Episcopal Church. Unitarian Church. Swedenbor- gian Church. 86 PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. and Locust Streets, where for more than half a century they were ministered to by the Rev. Dr. William H. Furness. Adjoining this church, at the corner of Chestnut and Twenty-second Streets, is the New Jerusalem Church (Swedenborgian), one of the architectural orna- ments of Philadelphia, having connected with it an auxiliary building containing Sunday-school rooms, a ladies' parlor, free library and reading-room, and a room devoted to the sale and distribution of books and tracts. These buildings are of the Gothic order of architecture, the church edifice representing' the early English Gothic of the thirteenth century, and the auxiliary building the Gothic of a later period. The walls are of brown-stone, the windows of cathedral glass, leaded into mullioned frames of carved stone ; the interior wood-work of the church is of cherry, and that of the Sunday-school building of butternut. Both are beautiful structures, a parked space or lawn at the street corner filling the angle between the buildings and heightening the effect of their arrangement. For more than a century the "New Church" (the corporate title of the followers of Swedenborg) has had represen- tation in Philadelphia, it having been in 1784 that James Glen, of Scotland, here first promulgated the tenets of Swedenborg. The first organization was eflfected in 1815, when the first house of worship was built for the society. The present edifice was erected in 1878, and under the ministry of Rev. Chauncey Giles the congregation is rap- idly increasing in numbers, and is unceasingly active in good works. At Twenty-fourth and Chestnut Streets, on the Schuylkill River where it is spanned by the Chestnut Street bridge, stands the passen- ger station of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, an elegant brick structure w^ith brown-stone trimmings, in the Queen Anne style of architecture, with spacious apart- naents consisting of restaurants and separate waiting-rooms for ladies and gentlemen, on the level of Chestnut Street, whence broad de- scending stairways (with walls of glazed tiles) and elevators lead to the ticket-offices on the first fioor— level with the tracks, and with Twenty-fourth Street, thirty feet below. The station has a front of one hundred and sixty feet on Chestnut Street by a depth of one hundred and thirty-five feet, its general height being fifty-five feet above the street, with a tower finial over one hundred feet high. The waiting- and restaurant-rooms are wainscoted with quartered oak panelling, the base of the wainscoting being of polished black marble. Massive fireplaces of brick with imported brown-stone trimmings Bah. & Ohio R.R. Station. •AliDINE HOTEL. r. '• =:- RITTENHOUSE SQUARE AND VICINITY. 89 and hearths of tiles are available for heating these rooms in addition to the steam heat with which the building is supplied throughout. The train-shed connected with the station is three hundred feet long by one hundred and ten feet wide, and is lit throughout by elee- tricity. This station was erected from designs of Frank Furness, architect, under the general superintendence of H. T. Douglas, chief engineer, and cost about $200,000. Through a close business connec- tion between the Baltimore and Ohio and the Philadelphia and Reading Railroads, passengers for New York and for intermediate points, where stops are made bj" the express trains on the Bound Brook Division of the latter road, maj- embark at this station, and passengers from New York, by the same trains, may land here. Sev- eral lines of street-cars convey passengers conveniently near this station, the Chestnut and Walnut Streets Line passing its doors from both the east and west. From lower Pine Street, from Fairmount, and from Gray's Ferry the Spruce and Pine Street cars cross Chestnut Street near the station, and the Market Street cars from both the east and the west pass a square distant at Twenty-third and Market Streets. A short distance west of Rittenhouse Square, at the corner of Wal- nut and Twenty-first Streets, surrounded bj- elegant mansions, stands the massive Second Presbyterian Church, with walls of various kinds of stone lined and finislied interiorly with English brick. • This congregation, which was origi- nally formed (1743) by members from the First Presby- terian Church, had its first home at Third and Arch Streets, whence, in 1837, it removed to Seventh Street below Arch, and finally, in 1872, to its present edifice. An elegant chapel fronting on Twenty-first Street joins the church. At Twenty-second and Walnut Streets is the beautiful St. James's Protestant Episcopal Church, built in a Gothic style of architecture, of green serpen- tine stone and elaborately ornamented within by painted windows and other decorations. Originally a colony from Christ Church on Second Street, the congregation of St. James's oc- cupied a rough-cast building on Seventh Street above Market from early in the century until the completion of its present elegant edi- fice, about 1870. Besides the usual parish-buildings attached to the church, there is in course of erection a fine house for the parish guilds, called, in honor of the venerable rector. The Henry J. Mor- ton Guild House, — four stories in height with a front on Sansom. Street of sixty feet by a depth of one hundred and six feet, and con- 6 Second Presbyterian Church. St. James's P.E. Church. Children's Hospital. 90 PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. taining working-rooms for the guilds, assembly-room, gymnasium, etc. Fine residences immediately surround St. James's Church in all directions, and on Twenty-second Street below Walnut is The Chil- dren's Hospital of Philadelphia, a plain brick structure where children under twelve years of age are received for treatment, and where, from the date of its founda- tion in 1855 to the close of 1888, 4423 hospital cases had been received knd treated and 128,479 cases prescribed for at the Dispensary. The Holy Trinity Memorial Church (Protestant Episcopal), a brown-stone Gothic structure at Twenty-second and Spruce Streets (originally a mission of the Church of the Holy Trinity, and still under the gov- ernment and forming a part of the parish of Holy Trinity), was with its Sunday-school building erected as memorials to the departed, — the church by Mrs. Anna H. Wilstach, in memory of her daughter. Miss Anna Gertrude Wilstach, and the Sunday-school building by Mr. Lemuel Coffin and Miss Bohlen in memory of Mr. John Bohlen. Near here, on Twenty-second Street above Pine, is the neat French church, Eglise du St. Sauveur (also Protestant Episcopal), of brick with brown-stone trimmings. ilii«!' Geo. F. Smith, Dealer in House Furnishing Goods, 133 S. Eleventh St. Biiy your Ice and Coal from the Knickerbocker Ice Company, and secure the best quahty at the lowest price. Principal Office, Sixth and Arch Streets. Undoubtedly the cheapest place in the city to buy r e 1 i a b 1 e hair goods. Every ar- ticle of our own manu- facture. Beck's Hair Store, 36 N. Eighth St., Between Filbert and Arch. Insurance. Wagner & Taylor, South Fourth Street. Telephone No. 2622. Cresson Chemical Laboratory, 413 Locust Street, Philadelphia. Examinations of suspected writings with the Megascope. Chemical work done with reference to use in law suits. Consultations upon subjects relating to Chemistry and Physics. Analysis of Waters, Coals, Foods, etc., etc., etc. C. M. Cresson, M.D. A. W. Faber's Lead Pencils, Gold Pens. E. Faber's Penholders, Rubber Bands. Levy type Co., Photo- Engravers, S. E. cor. Seventh and Chestnut Streets. Louis E. Levy. Buy THE ITEM, 160,000 Circulation Every Day. Breuker • — and — Kessler, Lithographers, 36 South Fifth St., Philadelphia. M. Espen & Co. Importers and Dealers of Laces, Lace Curtains, Embroideries, Etc., 44 North Eighth Street. Matthew Hall, Slate and Wood Mantels, Heating, Tiles, and Brass Goods, 1927-1929 Market St., Philadelphia. VII. Logan Sqltare and Vicinity. Logan Squake, the uorth-west of the five principal parks reserved by WilUani Penn for pubhc use, and hence formerly called North- West jSquare, is a beautiful plot of seven and three-fourths acres, a half mile north-west from the City Hall, and occupying the square ex- tending from Race Street on the south to Vine Street on the north, and east and west from Eighteenth to Nineteenth Streets. Besides the cars on these several streets which pass the square, this locality is reached bj' the cars on both Arch and Callowhill Streets, which run both east and west, by the cars on Seventeenth and Twentieth Streets from the northern section of the city, and by the Market Street cars, which pass two squares away. The immediate surroundings of Lo- gan Square are mostly dwellings of a superior character, interspersed with various institutions, the striking feature of the locality being, 2yar excellence, the Roman Catholic Cathedral of St. Peter and St. Paul, on Eighteenth Street above Race, a tine brown-stone edifice with a front on the street of one hundred and thirty-six feet, consisting of a portico of four massive pillars sixty feet high, supporting a pediment which reaches one hundred and one feet six inches above the street. This building has an external depth of two hundred and sixteen feet, is surmounted by a dome fifty-one feet in diameter, and has an ex- treme height of two hundred and ten feet. In the interior the build- ing is cruciform, the nave being fifty-one feet wide by one hundred and eighty-two long, and the transepts fifty feet wide by one hundred and twenty-eight in length. The walls and vaulted ceilings (the lat- ter eighty feet high) are richly decorated with Bible scenes, — over the grand altar being a striking painting of the crucifixion, by Brumidi. The corner-stone of this building was laid in 1846, and in 1864 the structure Avas dedicated with imposing ceremonies. Flanking the Cathedral on the one hand (at Eighteenth and Race Streets) is the Cathedral School for boys, and on tiie other, at Eighteenth and Sum- mer Streets, is the archiepiscopal residence. Other institutions in the immediate neighborhood belonging to the same denomination 93 Roman Catholic Cathedral. Academy of Natural Sciences. 94 PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. are the Catholic Home for Orphan Girls, on Race Street below Eigh- teenth, and that estimable charity St. Vincent's Home for destitute infants and little children, at Eighteenth and Wood Streets, under the direct administration of the Sisters of Charity. Fronting the Square, on Race Street above Eighteenth (No. 1810), is the Wills Eye Hospital, a city institution (governed by the Board of Public Trusts) the result of a bequest to the city from James Wills, who died in 1825, leaving a legacy for the erection of a free hospital for the treatment of diseases of the eye. At the corner of Nineteenth and Race Streets, also fronting the Square, is the Academy of Natural Sciences, a massive Gothic structure one hundred and eighty-six by eighty-three feet, erected in 1875. The society to which this fine building belongs w^as founded, in 1812, by a few gentlemen for mutual study of the laws of nature. Establishing themselves on Second Street, north of Arch, they began to collect a museum and library. They after- wards removed to a building at Twelfth and George (now Sansom) Streets, where they remained till 1842, when they occupied the substantial structure at the corner of Broad and Sansom Streets, now forming part of the Hotel Lafayette. Their extensive collections having outgrown their accommodations, the society, in 1876, took possession of its present elegant edifice, which had been constructed expressly for its use. The museum occupies an apartment on the second floor, sixty by one hundred and eighty feet, having two gal- leries, and being amply lighted from above. It contains between seven and eight hundred thousand specimens, representing every depart- ment of zoology, geology, and botany. The anatomical collection, which is very large, includes Dr. Samuel George Morton's collection of human crania, twelve hundred in number. There is an immense number of mineralogical and paleontological specimens, with a very rich collection of fossils. The botanical collection is also very large ; that of shells is only excelled by the cabinet of the British Museum ; and that of birds, numbering about thirty-two thousand specimens, is probably unequalled by any collection in Europe. The library, occupying an apartment one hundred and thirty by one hundred feet, contains over forty thousand books and pamphlets. It has recently been restricted to works on natural science, so that it might not outgrow the available space. Visitors to the city should by no means fail to see this admirable and interesting institution. The cars up Nineteenth Street, and those east on Race Street, run directly SCHULKIXIi NAVY ATHLETIC CLUB, 1G2G-28 AKCH STREET. Music Books and Sheet Music. J.E.Ditson&Co. 1228 Chestnut Street. . L. Smith, Map Publisher and Manufacturer, Maps and Atlases of every description, Spring Map Rollers, Walnut Map Cases, etc., 27 S. Sixth St., Phila. Robert C. Kretschmar, Importer of Musical Instruments, Auto Harps, Musical Boxes, German Accordions, Mouth Harmonicas, Violins, Guitars, Banjos, Flutes, Fifes, Zithers, etc., 136 N. Ninth St. Eyes Examined Free If you wish to be properly suited with glasses go to Borsch, the old reliable opti- cian, where you can get the best goods at the lowest prices. The only place where you can get Borsch's Patent Comfort Spectacles and Eye Glasses. Borsch, 217 S. Ninth St., bel. Walnut. Office, Church, and School Furniture Of every description, at low- est possible prices. Geo. Spencer & Co. Office and Salesrooms, 926 Arch St. Sole Manufactureraof the Wooton Rotary, Flat, and Roll Top Desks. R. W. Hartnett & Bros., Printers' Machinists, 52 and 54 N. Sixth St., Philadelphia, and Mfrs. of and Dealers in Printers' Supplies of every description. McCollin & Co. 635 Arch Street, Manufacturers, Importers, and Dealers in all Photographic Supplies. Gilbert & Bacon Leading Photographers, 1030 Chestnut St. and 820 Arch St. Edwin J. Howlett & Son, Manufacturers of Paper Bags, S. E. Corner of Broad and Wallace Streets. Charles Eneu Johnson and Company, Manufacturers of • Printing Inks, 509 South Tenth Street. P. E. Murtha, Manufacturer of Plain and Fancy Paper Boxes, Shoe Cartoons, and Shelf Boxes, 18 N. Fourth St., Phila. Boxes of every description made to order. Geo. C. Newman, Adolph Newman. Geo.C. Newman 806 Market Street, Fine Arts, Engravings, Parlor Mirrors, Etchings. LOGAN SQUARE AND VICINITY. 97 past this Academy, and those on Vine, Arch, Eighteenth, and Twen- tieth pass a square away. Tlie fine new building of the Academy of the Sacred Heart, a flour- isliing CathoUc institution on Arcli Street above Eighteentli (No. 1815), four stories in lieight, built of brown-stone, rock-linished, pre- sents an attractive appearance ; and at Eighteenth and Arch Streets stands the imposing West Arch Street Presbyterian Church, of the Corinthian order of architecture, with a fine portico, and surmounted by a dome one hundred and seventy feet high. Near this church, at Eighteenth and Filbert Streets, is the Fourth Reformed Presbyterian Church, whose congregation is now about to remove to their fine new edifice at Nineteenth and Catharine Streets. In a group of plain brick buildings on Cherry Street, just east of Eighteenth, and near Logan Square, are located the Medico-Chirur- gical College, incorporated in 1850 ; the Medico-Chirurgical Hospital, established in 1885, and the Philadelphia Dental College, formerly on Tenth Street above Arch. Nfear here, on Seventeenth Street below Race, is the Second Reformed Presbyterian Church, witli its attractive front of brown-stone ; and on the south side of Arch Street, midway between Sixteenth and Seventeenth Streets, is the imposing building of the Schuylkill Navy Athletic Club, one of the handsomest and best- equipped club-houses in the city. This building, constructed from designs by Willis G. Hale, is five stories high, with a front of forty-five feet, and a depth of one hundred and forty-five feet, is built of Indi- ana limestone, with a granite base, and is surmounted by a mansard roof of Spanish tiles, having a tower finial reaching one hundred and nineteen feet above the pavement. Its apartments include, be- sides the parlor and reading-room, a main hall thirty-two b,y forty- two feet in extent, bowling-alleys, swimming-pool, barber-shop, a large billiard-room, lavatories, etc. A gymnasium forty-two by one hundred and forty-three feet, and a running-track, are on the upper floors. On the fifth floor is a racquet court and a summer pavilion forty-five by sixty-five feet, covered with canvass. The house is said to be one of the most perfect of its kind in the country. In the immediate neighborhood of the Cathedral, at the corner of Seventeenth and Summer Streets, stands the Philadelphia Ortho- paedic Hospital and Infirmary for Nervous Diseases ; first established in 1867, as the Philadelphia Orthopaedic Hospital, for the treatment of club-foot, spinal and hip diseases, and other bodily deformities, its scope being afterwards (in Orthopaedic Hospital. 98 PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. 1870) enlarged so as to include the treatment of nervous diseases. Subsequently (in 1886) the original hospital buildings were torn down, and the present edifice was erected, combining all that art and science, ingenuity, and experience could suggest in securing the best hospital accommodation. The visitor will be amply repaid for what- ever time he can devote to a tour through the buildings. Since the establishment of this hospital over six thousand de- formities and over eight thousand nervous cases have been treated in the house and at the out-clinics. Over thirteen hundred surgical operations have been performed, while the hospital has been able to supply a large number of surgical appliances, in whole or in part, without charge. While the charter of the hospital provides that "No j)erson shall receive board, treatment, or the benefit of said hos- pital, free, who is able to pay for the same," yet no one is refused on account of inability to pay, unless the resources of the hospital have been exhausted. Opposite the Orthopaedic Hospital', at the north-east corner of Seventeenth and Summer Streets, is the Protestant Episcopal Church of the Atonement. Westward from Logan Square, at Race and Twentieth Streets, occupying spacious grounds and buildings, is the Pennsylvania Insti- tution for the Instruction of the Blind, founded in 1833, near which, at Twentieth and Cherry Streets, is St. Clement's Protestant Episcopal Church, a beautiful Gothic edifice of brown-stone, externally festooned with ivy vines, and handsomely decorated within. This church is recognized as the distinctively "high" church of the city, is much visited by strangers, and is reached from the eastern part of the city by the cars on Vine, Arch, or Market Streets, stopping at Twentieth Street. The cars of the Traction line, from the north-west and south, also pass near this church on Nineteenth and Twentieth Streets, and the Pine Street cars for Fairmount convey passengers to its imme- diate vicinity. Near here are also the Second Reformed Presbyterian Church, at Twentieth and Vine Streets ; and the Church of the Re- demption (Protestant Episcopal), at Twenty-second and Callowhill Streets. VIII. Washington Square and Vicinity. Washington Square, one of the five principal parks designated by William Penn as pleasure grounds for the inhabitants of his "great town," is a prettily laid out common of six acres, extending south and west from the corner of Sixth and Walnut Streets, adjoin- ing Independence Square diagonally, and, like it, well-shaded with a variety of trees. Once a fashionable section of the city, it was in its early history surrounded by spacious residences, which are now prin- cipally devoted to lawyers' offices and kindred purposes, many of them having been remodelled or superseded by new buildings adapted to the changed condition of the locality. At the south-west corner of Walnut and Seventh Streets is located the massive granite building of the Philadelphia Saving-Fund Society, a benevolent institution, established in 1816, and now holding in trust for its depositors about thirteen millions of dollars. Oppo- - - - -,^^ site this institution, at 721 Walnut Street, is the Real Estate Investment Company of Philadelphia, an incor- porated company, having a paid-up capital of |2o0,000 and possessing in its corporate capacity the powers and exercising the functions of a real estate broker and attorney. Its busi- ness is principally dealing in real estate and attending to such of the interests of its clients as grow out of real estate transactions, including the collection of rents (of which some 1100,000 per annum pass through its hands) and the receipt and disburse- ment, as attorney', of all manner of funds pertaining to dealing in real estate. The stock of this concern pays a dividend of six per cent., and is much sought after as an investment. Its president is Mr. John 99 WASHINGTON SQUARE AND VICINITY. 101 J. Ridgwaj^, ex-sheriff of Philadelphia, and for many years a promi- nent member of the bar. Fronting the Square, on the north-west corner of Walnut and Seventh Streets, are the rooms of the Pennsyl- vania Bible Society, established in 1808. On the east side of the square, at 219 South Sixth Street (corner of Adelphi Street), is the Athenaeum Library and Reading-Room (an institution organized for literary pursuits in 1814), whose brown-stone building, in the Palla- dian style of architecture, presents an attractive appearance. In this building, in addition to the belongings of the Athenaeum Society, is kept the Law Association Library, a very complete collection of works of reference for members of the legal profession. A half-square south of the Athenaeum, at the north-west corner of Sixth and Spruce Streets, is the old Roman Catholic Church of the Holy Trinity (German), with its quaint exterior, but not unattractive within. A century ago (1789) this church was dedicated to the use of the German Catholics. A small burying-ground is attached, and in its vaults the body of Stephen Girard once rested. A parish school, known as the Holy Trinity School, is attached to this church, for which a substantial brick building, with a conspicuous tower, has lately been erected. A square to the westward, at the south-west corner of Spruce and Seventh Streets, occupying a large building of brick, is St. Joseph's Female Orphan Asylum, conducted by the Sisters of Charity. This institution was established in 1807, for the reception of orplian girls of from four to seven years of age, of which some two thousand have since been furnished with homes gratuitously. They usually remain until about fourteen years of age. Fronting Washington Square on the south, at the corner of Seventh Street, is the present edifice of the First Presbyterian Church, a society organized under the name of Independents, in 1698, and tlie first of that name formed in Pennsylvania. This building was erected in 1822, is of brick, rough-cast, having a front of seventy-five feet, with a fine portico, and a depth of one hundred and forty feet. It is noted as having been the scene of the pastoral labors of several distinguished clergymen, among the most celebrated of whom was the Rev. Albert Barnes, the eminent biblical scholar and theologian, who, for nearly forty years, ministered to this people. Near this church, at the south-west corner of Washington Square, is an entrance to the Orange Street Friends' Meeting, the principal entrance to which is, as its name implies, on Orange Street, above Seventh. At the 102 PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. south-east corner of Eighth and Locust Streets is the home of the Penn Club, an association of literary and professional gentlemen ; and on Locust Street, above Eighth, is located Musical Fund Hall, — the proi^erty of the Musical Fund Society, — once one of the most fashion- able concert-rooms in Philadelphia, and still considered second to none in the excellence of its acoustic properties. The near vicinity of this Hall is reached by the cars which pass up Walnut Street and down Cliestnut Street to Eighth, and by the Traction Company's cars which run down Seventh Street and up Ninth. The cars of the Sx^ruce and Pine Streets line, from Gray's Ferry, and from Fairmount? also pass near here on Spruce Street. Less than a square from this Hall, on Eighth Street above Spruce, stands the well-known St. Andrew's Protestant Episcopal Church, with its Corinthian portico of columns supporting a pediment. This church was erected in 1822-23, and has since reckoned among its rectors such eminent clergymen as the Rev. G. T. Bedell, the Rev. Thomas M. Clark (Bishop of Rhode Island), and the Rev. William Bacon Stevens, the late Bishop of Pennsylvania. Near here, occupying the square bounded by Spruce, Pine, Eighth, and Ninth Streets, the principal public entrance being on Eighth Street, are the extensive grounds and buildings of the Pennsylvania Hospital, an institution whose long and distinguished career of usefulness and benevolence en- title it to more than a passing notice. In 1750 a number of benevolent persons applied to the Provincial Assembly for a charter for a hospital. The credit of originating the movement is due to Dr. Thomas Bond, at that time one of the most distinguished physicians of the city. Benjamin Frank- "in the yeae of christ T , MDCCLV. liii highly approved the pro- george the second happily reigning loot qnd subsennentlv se- ^^^^ ^^ sought the happiness of his people), jeci, ciLLu bLiutet;qut;iiLij »e Philadelphia flourishing cured the charter, which was (for its inhabitants were public-spirited), ' . this building, granted in 1751, in which by the bounty op the government, vear a few benevolent ner- ^^^ °^ ^^^^ private persons yecii d lew ueiit;\uiem/ pei was piously founded sons rented a private house, for the relief of the sick and miserable. ^ ' MAY THE GOD OF MERCIES the residence of Judge John bless the undertaking." Kinsey, on the south side of Market Street, above Fifth, and there first established the hospital in 1752. In December, 1754, the square of ground, four and a quarter acres, except a portion which was given by the proprietors, Thomas Pennsylvania Hospital. WASHINGTON SQUARE AND VICINITY. 103 and Richard Penn, was bought for five hundred pounds ; this lot at that time was far out of town. On the 28th of May, 1755, the corner- stone of the present noble structure was laid, with the accompanying inscription prepared by Franklin. In December, 1756, patients were admitted, but it was not until 1800 that the hospital was finished according to the original plan. Since the hospital was first opened nearly one hundred and seven- teen thousand patients have been admitted within its walls. Its benefits have not been confined to the native-born. During the last ten years, of more than nineteen thousand admissions, only eight thousand five hundred were born in the United States. Medical and surgical cases are alike received, and any case of accidental injury, if brought within twenty-four hours, is received without question. This institution is, and always has been, the great "accident hos- jDital" of this large and ever-increasing manufacturing city. The first clinical lectures on medicine and surgery in America were given in this hospital, and these have been continued up to this present every Wednesday and Saturday morning. The splendid medical library, containing nearly fifteen thousand volumes, has been collected from the fees paid by the students for the privilege of attending these demonstrations. The department for out-door relief relieves annually many thou- sands of sick and injured poor. A large and valuable pathological museum also adds to the efficiency of the medical instruction. There are eight attending surgeons and physicians, and four resi- dent physicians, also a female superintendent of nurses (who gradu- ate after a year's service), and an ambulance and telephone service. The proper care of the insane was among the important objects sought to be accomplished by the establishment of the Pennsylvania Hospital. Until the year 1841 the insane were cared for in the parent hospital at Eighth and Pine Streets, when they were removed to tlie hospital building which had been erected on the premises between Market Street and Haverford Avenue and Forty-second and Forty- ninth Streets. Opposite the grounds of the Pennsylvania Hospital, on the north side of Spruce Street, between Eighth and Ninth Streets, is an old- time burial ground, alongside of which, at the corner of Ninth and Spruce, partially obscured by the customary brick-wall, is a quaint old Friend's Meeting-house, bearing unmistakable evidences of antiquity. IX. Franklin Square and Vicinity. Franklin Square, one of the five original parks dedicated to public use by William Penn, and named from its relative locality No7'th-East Square, extends from Vine Street on the north to Race Street on the south, and from Sixth Street on the east to Franklin on the west, covering an area of over seven acres. It is well kept FOUNTAIN IN FRANKLIN SQUARE. and finely shaded by large trees, and has a beautiful fountain in the centre. Street-cars from almost all sections of the city pass near Franklin Square ; the Fifth and Sixth Streets line, from the extreme north and south, the Race and Vine, from Fairmount and from the Exchange at Third and Dock Streets, the Arch Street line, from both 104 FRANKLIN SQUARE AND VICINITY. 105 the east and west (passing at Seventh and Arch Streets), the Ridge Avenue hne (also passing at Seventh and Arch), and various branches of the Traction hne, vliicli, going southward, converge on Seventli and Franliihn Streets, and, going northward, pass up Ninth Street, togetlier with the Eightli Street hne and the Callowhill Street hne, all convej^ passengers near to this point. Formerly the vicinity of Franklin Square was not without its claims as a desirable section for residences, of which there w^re many of the better class ; but of late these have principally given place to business-houses, g e n- erally of minor impor- tance. Conspicuous among the present at- tractions of this local- ity is the handsome hall of the Young Maennerchor (at Sixth and Vine Streets), an association founded in 1852 and incorporated in 1869 "for the pro- motion of artistic taste in general and of vocal music in particular, by the practice and per- formance of sacred and secular music, and the establishment of a school for gratuitous instruction in singing and music." Seventy male and seventy female voices constitute the present choral strength of this society, and among its trophies it numbers a first prize won in New York in 1852, second prizes won in New York in 1865 and in Baltimore in 1869, and a first prize won in the latter city in 1888. The Society has a contributing membership) of seven hundred, with twelve Honorary and twenty Life Members, and owns property of the estimated value of $100,000. A square west, at the corner of Seventh and Vine Streets, is the Alexis Club, a social organization, and on Franklin Street above Vine is the neat Gothic First Moravian Church, of brick, rough-cast, erected in 1855-56. 7 HAIili OF THE YOUNG M^NNERCHOB. 106 PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. Fronting the Square on the west side, below Vine Street, is the Zion Lutheran Church (German), witli its parisli school, and on Seventli Street, below Race, is the Hebrew synagogue Mikhve Israel, whose congregation is said to be the oldest of its faith in the city. Just below Sixth Street, on Race (No. 516), is the armory and hall of the National Guards, a military organization which dates its existence from about 1835, and which, since its honorable record in the civil war, is known as the Second Regiment. Nearly opposite this armory is St. John's Lutheran Church, erected in 1808, — a fine brick structure, — long the most noted church of its denomination in the city. A square away, on the east side of Crown Street, between Race and Vine Streets, is the old-time Jewish House of Israel, near which, fronting on Fourth Street, below Vine, with its grounds and parish buildings, extending through to Crown Street, is St. Augustine's Roman Catholic Church, with a steeple one hundred and eighty-eight feet high. This building, erected (1846) on the site of the original St. Augustine's, which was burned down during the native American riots, is exter- nally a plain brick structure, but is elaborately decorated within. Op- posite to it is St. George's Methodist Episcopal Church, once a popular house of worship. Three squares to the north, near the junction of York Avenue and Fifth and Buttonwood Streets, stand, amid iDleas- ant surroundings, churches of several denominations ; the Fourth Baptist, on Fifth Street, erected in 1854-55, of brick, rough-cast, with a semi-circular portico front, and a steeple one hundred and eighty- eight feet high ; the Advent (Protestant Episcopal), on York Avenue ; the Northern Liberties Presbyterian, a plain, rough-cast building, on Buttonwood above Fifth, and the Fifth Street Methodist, with a plain front of green-stone, on the west side of Fifth Street, below Green. At Sixth and Noble Streets, on grounds extending from Sixth to Marshall Streets, is the Orthodox Friend's Meeting-House, of the Northern District, and at No. 451 North Ninth Street is the Swedish Zion Church (Lutheran). On Sixth Street below Race (No. 140) is an Odd Fellows' Hall, a rough-cast, four-story brick building, with a front of sixty-two feet on Sixth Street, and a depth of one hundred feet. It contains a Grand Lodge Room, rooms for subordinate lodges, and a library. The Arch Street Theatre, a short distance above Sixth Street (No. 613 Arch Street), is one of the best-known standard places of amuse- ment in the city, and is accessible by the Arch Street and Ridge Avenue cars, which pass the door, and by various other lines which Odd Fel- lows' Hall. FRANKLIN SQUARE AND VICINITY. 107 Arch Street Theatre. lead to the immediate vicinity. The interior arrangements of the theatre are excellent, — the auditorium being capable of seating some eighteen hundred persons, and the stage dimensions being ample for the accommodation of ordi- nary theatrical representations. The building was erected in 1828, and has a marble front in the Italian style. At the south-west corner of Arch and Fifth Streets is located, in the old meeting-house of the Free Quakers (the "Fighting Quakers" of the Revolution), the Apprentices' Library, established in 1820, "for the Apprentices' Library. use of apprentices and other young persons, without charge of any kind for the use of books," and now containing a free reading-room and a library- of from twenty five to thirty thousand volumes, selected with special care for boj's and girls. On the opposite side of Fifth Street from this library, in Christ Church bury- ing- -ground, and ver^' near the corner of Fifth and Arch Streets (as may be seen recorded upon a flat-stone, through a palisade railing set in the brick-wall), lie the remains of Ben- jamin Franklin and his wife Deborah. Many other distin- guished citizens lie buried in this ground, the resting places of some of whom are marked by monuments. The vicinity of Franklin Square, in other directions, possesses few attractions beyond the stately business-houses that have lately been erected, both on Arch Street and on some of the cross- streets. At Arch and Sixth are several lofty structures of compara- FRANKLIN'S GRAVE. 108 PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. tively recent erection, while from Seventh Street westward on Arch, attractive establishments are not infrequent. On Eiglith Street, above Race (Nos. 211-217 N. Eighth), is the site of the new Bijou Theatre, a variety house witli a seating capacity of about fifteen liundred, said to liave been built with special regard for safety and comfort ; and a half-square above, on the same side of Eighth (No. 256), is Forepaugh's Theatre. Three squares away, at I the intersection of Ridge Avenue, Tenth and Callow- hill Streets, stands the well-known National Theatre, to which convenient access is had by street cars from all directions ; from the north and south by the Tenth and Eleventh Streets line ; from both the east and west by the cars on Callowhill Street, which pass the Theatre ; from Girard College and the Market Street Ferries by the Ridge Avenue line, and from other sections by the cars of the Traction line, which pass up Ninth and down Seventh. National Theatre. H ires ; & Co., PATENTS Bulkley, Ward Limited, For Inventions and Designs. Trade-Marks, Copyrights, & Co., Plate and Window etc., procured. Call or send for circular of instructions. PAPER, Glass, John A. Wiedersheim, 14 and 16 720 Filbert Stree^. 917 and 919 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia. S. Seventh St. Rich'd Levick's Son & Co., Refrigerators. Adam Everly, 720 Chestnut Street, Ridgway Real Philadelphia, Refrigerator Estate, Manufacturers of Manufacturing Co., Rubber Goods Limited, ' Of every description. 7 737 Send for prices. 813 and 815 Arch St. Walnut St. ^^^^ Revolving S. H. Ouint&Son, Joseph Fowler & Co. ^m Book Cases '^ •/ L S H Manufactured Stencil, Manufacturer of H by the Rubber Stamps, Shirts, m John Danner Mfg. Co., Badges, and Checks, Collars, ^^^^^^^^^^ Canton, Ohio. 14 South Fourth St., and Cuffs, For sale by J. B. Lippincott Co., Philada. Philadelphia, Pa. 403 Market Street. Henry Troemner, Young & Sons, Westcott&Thomson's Manufacturer of Stereotype Fine Scales and Surveying Instruments, and Electrotype Foundry, Weiorhts, fe> ' 710 Filbert Street, 710 Market Street, 43 North Seventh St., Philadelphia. Phila delphia. Philadelphia. George Thomson. Baldwin Locomotive Works. Broad and Spring Garden Streets and Vicinity. The viciuity of Broad and Spring Garden Streets, now for decades devoted to a class of industries which have made the locahty famous, is still the home of many of those gigantic concerns which years ago gave it its reputation. Here, prominent among their surroundings, and eminently worthy of their world-wide fame, are the Baldwin Locomotive Works, now under the proprietorship of Burnham, Parry, Williams & Co., a vast enterprise founded early in the present century by Mathias W. Baldwin, a native of New Jersey, who, a jeweller and silversmith by trade, finally engaged with David Mason as partner in the manufacture of bookbinders' tools and C3'linders for calico- printing. The growth of their business making necessary the in- troduction of steani-x)ower, an engine was bought, which proving unsatisfactory, Mr. Baldwin decided to design and construct one whicli should be specially adapted to the requirements of their shop. The first attempt of Mr. Baldwin as an engine-builder was emi- nently successful, and, by directing his attention to steam engi- neering, led the way to the later and greater successes which he achieved as a builder of locomotives and to the founding of the immense industry that now so honorably perpetuates his name. Tlie works occupy over nine acres of ground and employ about three thousand men, and have a present capacity equal to ten locomotives a week. In 1889 the concern made their ten thousandth locomotive. This locality, indeed, teems with industrial establishments. At Sixteenth and Hamilton Streets, extending from Sixteenth to Seven- teenth, is the extensive machine-tool manufactory of William Sellers & Co., founded in 1848 ; and at Sixteenth and Buttonwood Streets are the Bush Hill Iron- Works, whose specialty is the i)roduction of boilers and heavy furnace equipments. East of Broad Street this immediate locality is covered with concerns of kindred character, the close proximity of the Reading Railroad, whose main line has its terminal station here, rendering this point, by its convenience for shipping, especially desirable for establishments engaged in the manufacture of 111 School of Industrial Art. 112 PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. heavy products. Among these is the concern of Hoopes & Town- send, whose office is at 1330 Buttonwood Street, but whose premises extend to Broad Street, and wliose products (bolts, nuts, screws, etc.), manufactured under some secret process, are claimed to possess su- perior points of excellence. Even the institutions of learning in this vicinity partake largely of a character calculated to cultivate a taste for industrial pursuits. At No. 1336 Spring Garden Street are the class-rooms of " The Pennsylvania Museum and School of Industrial Art," an institution incorporated in 1876, "with a special view to the development of the art industries of the State." Here is given instruction in drawing from casts and models ; in wood-carving ; in weaving and textile design, including the construction of looms ; in chemistrj^ and dyeing ; in decorative painting, including the grinding and prepara- tion of colors ; in modelling, etc. Pupils are graduated at this school on completion of the regular prescribed course of study in the several branches, besides which there are special courses for those who wish to pursue j)articular studies, for proficiency in which certificates are given. Connected with this institution is the museum at the Memo- rial Hall, in Fairmount Park. At the north-east corner of Broad and Spring Garden Streets stands the building of the Spring Garden Insti- tute, a semi-charitable institution, which maintains a library and free reading-room, courses of free lectures and entertain- ments, night-schools in drawing and mechanical handi- work at a nominal fee, and day-schools in drawing and painting at a charge to pupils of about the cost of maintenance. The report for 1888 sliows that there were six hundred and sixty-one pupils in the schools, of whom -five hundred and thirty-six belonged to the night classes, and that the library was visited by eighteen thousand and eleven readers during the year. One square north, at the south-east corner of Broad and Green Streets, is the Central High- School, for boys, a plain brick structure, erected in 1854, and having, besides the usual class-rooms, an observatory, which is provided with a set of astronomical instru- ments. About six hundred and fifty students attend this school, and on, the completion of the prescribed four years' course, the degree of A.B. is conferred upon the graduates. A companion institution to this, but more recently founded, is the Girls' Normal School, three squares west at Seventeenth and Spring Garden Streets, a spacious structure of green-stone, five stories high, and capable of accommo- Spring Garden Institute. BROAD AND SPRING GARDEN STREETS AND VICINITY. 113 dating some fifteen hundred pupils. Adjoining this, and under the same management, is a School of Practice (in the art of teaching) of about six hundred members, making a total of over two thousand scholars under one administration. Two squares south of this insti- tution, at Seventeenth and Wood Streets, is the Manual Training School, a department of the public school system of Philadelphia, established in 1885, "to afford to pupils who have finished the gram- mar-school course the opportunity not only to pursue the usual High- School course in literature, science, and mathematics, but also to re- ceive a thorough course in drawing, and in the use and application of tools in the industrial arts," The prescribed order of exercises is to give "one hour per day to drawing, two hours to shop-work, and three hours to the usual academic studies," On Broad Street, at the corner of Callowhill, is the armory of the First Regiment National Guards of Pennsjdvania, a castellated Gothic building three stories in height. The base of the structure is of rock- face mason work surmounted by walls of brick, the trimmings to the windows and doors, etc., being of dressed stone. The principal en- trance on Broad Street is flanked by two towers rising to a height of one hundred and twentj^ feet. The front or main building is sixty- five by one hundred and thirtj'-cight feet, and contains officers' rooms, and companies' rooms, squad drill-room, drum-corjis room, kitchen, and billiard-room, besides dressing-rooms and store-rooms. The drill- room on the first floor is one hundred and thirty-nine by one hun- dred and fifty-five feet, with gun-racks at the eastern end, and a gallery for visitors at the western end. The establishment, including the price of the lot— $80,000— represents a total cost of $200,000, and is complete in all its appointments. Churches of the various denominations abound in this locality. On the north-east corner of Broad and Green Streets is the North Broad Street Presbyterian Church, a handsome brown-stone- building, with a steeple two hundred and twenty-two feet high ; adjoining this, on the north, is the Hebrew Synagogue, Rodef Shalom, a fine specimen of Saracenic architecture, built of stone of various colors, with ele- gant interior finish, and a tower one hundred and twenty-five feet high. On Mount Vernon Street, east of Broad, is the Ebenezer Baptist Church, and three s(|uares northward, on Broad Street, at the corner of Brown, is the Broad Street Baptist Church, of stucco finish. On the north-east corner of Broad Street and Fairmount Avenue is the fine new Park Theatre, gorgeous in its appointments of new furniture and BROAD AND SPRING GARDEN STREETS AND VICINITY. 115 frescoed ceilings, and capable of seating two thousand two hundred persons. Opposite this theatre, on the west side of Broad Street, just above Fairmount Avenue, is tlie Central Presbyterian Church, with a massive brown-stone front, adorned witli polished Aberdeen granite pillars flanking the windows. Adjoining this church, at No. 700 North Broad Street, is the North Broad Street Select School for Young Men and Boys, whose principal, George Eastburn, A.M., an alumnus of Yale, educated with the sole view of devoting his life to the pro- fession of teaching, has unquestionably succeeded in creating one of the best schools preparatory for business or college in the city. As- sociated with him as lecturers, besides his regular faculty of teachers, are Joseph Thomas, LL.D., the eminent linguist and historian ; Samuel B. Howell, M.D., Professor of Geology in the University of Pennsylvania, and Charles W. Seltzer, M.D., who, in addition to his lectures on anatomy, physiology and hygiene, holds the position of Director of Physical Training in the school. At Mount Vernon and Fifteenth Streets stands the elegant new edifice of the Trinity Metho- dist Church, designed by Theophilus P. Chandler, a Gothic structure of blue marble, rock-finished, having a seating capacity of seven hundred and fifty, and erected at a cost of about |50,000. On the south side of Green Street, between Fifteenth and Sixteenth, is Christ Church, of the denomination once called the German Reformed, but now officially known as "The Reformed Church in the United States." Other churches in tlie immediate vicinity of Broad and Spring Garden Streets are the St. Mark's Lutheran Church, on the south side of Spring Garden Street, above Tliirteenth, a handsome structure, witli a brown-stone front and a steeple two hundred and twenty-five feet high ; St. Philip's (Protestant Episcopal), on the north side of Spring Garden, between Tliirteenth and Broad Streets, and the Roman Catholic Church of thv; Assumption, a handsomely decorated, brown-stone, Gothic building, with high towers and spires, which give it an imposing appearance. Opposite the last-named, on the north-west corner of Twelfth and Spring Garden Streets, stands the Spring Garden National Bank, an attractive structure of white- marble, with a capital of §750,000. An interesting industrial estab- lishment, at the south-east corner of Broad and Wallace Streets, is the paper-bag manufactory of Edwin J. Howlett & Son, with a plant of twenty of the latest improved machines, capable of producing one and a half million paper-bags a day ; the business requires the employ- ment of nearly one hundred persons. FACTORY, S. E. CORNER BROAD AND WALLACE STREETS. \ V 1 Clyde's Lines Between New York, Phila- delphia, Jacksonville, Fer- nandina, Fla., Hayti, Santo Domingo, Wilmington, N.C., Charleston, S C, Richmond and Norfolk, Va. Wm. P. Clyde & Co. Philadelphia, 12 S. Wharves. New York, 5 Bowling Green. Chas.W. Kolbe, Surgical Instruments. Apparatus for Deformities, Trusses, etc. Artificial Limbs. 15 South Ninth St., Philadelphia, Pa. William McCausland Manufacturer of Fine Saddlery and Harness, 21 North Eleventh Street, Philadelphia. Chicago Agency, 527, 529, and 531 N. Clark St. SPOOL SILK Made by Brainerd & Armstrong Shipping Tags and Labels of all kinds. Dennison Manufacturing Co. 630 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia. Always use Esterb rook's Steel Pens. All the popular styles. All stationers have them. Esterbrook Steel Pen Co., 26 John St., New York. Works, Camden, N.J. W. J. McCandless & Co., Sanitary Plumbers, 716 Walnut Street, Philadelphia. The Kelsey Oriental Bath Co., Limited. H. W. Kelsey, Manager. Turkish and Russian Baths 1 104 Walnut Street, Philadelphia. Marvin Safe Company, 723 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia. E. M. Dering, Manager. Household Sewing Machines. N. D. Stoopes & Co., 17 S. Eighth St. Needles, parts, attachments for ALL machines. M. C.Anderson, 52 North Second St., Philadelphia, Stoves, Heaters, Ranges, Grates and Open Fire Places, Vapor and Oil Stoves, Cooking Utensils, etc. Repairing a Specialty. Geo. B. Bains & Sons Manufacturers of Trunks, Bags, and Satchels, 402 and 404 Market St. and 1028 Chestnut St XI. South Broad Street and Vicinity. That section of Broad Street extending southward from Pine Street, and known to Philadelphians as South Broad, possesses, witli its vicinity, only to a moderate degree tliose splendid architectural improvements that characterize the central and northern sections of that thoroughfare, though here and there through the entire extent of the built-up portions handsome churches and other public institu- tions and comfortable dwellings (some of the latter embodying a good degree of elegance) are found. In the square on Broad Street from Lombard to South Streets are some striking examples of a more or less lavish expenditure in the construction of private mansions, and thereabouts are numerous churches of various denominations, gen- erally of styles in which neatness combined with a commendal)le degree of economy is the leading characteristic. At the north-west corner of Broad and Lombard Streets is the temporary home of the Philadelphia Polyclinic and College for Graduates in Medicine, whose spacious new building, now in course of erection, on Lombard Street, between Eighteenth and Nineteenth, promises to furnish accommo- dations adequate to the wants of this growing institution. The building will have a front on Lombard Street of sandstone, brick, and terra-cotta, ninety-six feet in extent by a depth of eighty feet, will be four stories high, and will embrace on its several floors a main hall, to be used as a waiting-room for patients, several clinic-rooms, a lecture-room, physiological, chemical, and microscopical laboratories, wards and rooms for private patients, and convenient general apart- ments for the use of the physicians and other attendants. Tlie esti- mated cost of the building and ground is about $100,000. Opposite the present college-building, at the south-west corner of Broad and Lombard Streets is the Associate Presbyterian Church, of brick, rough- cast, with marble base and trimmings, and on Lombard Street, at the corner of Juniper, is the Salem Methodist Episcopal Church, a neat plain structure. The Fourth Presbyterian, a plain, rough-cast, brick building, stands at Twelfth and Loml^ard Streets, near which, on South Street below Twelfth, is the Standard Theatre (Variety), a plain 119 Howard Hospital. 120 PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. brick, easily reached from the south by the cars on Eleventh Street, from the north by the cars on Twelfth, and from other directions by the cars on Pine, Lombard, and South Streets. On the west side of Broad Street below South is the neat granite Gothic Church of the Ascension (Protestant Episcopal), and a short distance south, at Broad and Fitzwater Streets, stands the imposing Westminster Presbyterian Church, a brick edifice with two towers on the front. Two squares east, at Twelfth and Fitzwater, is the quaint old stone All Saints' Church (Protestant Episcopal), adjoining which is the Southern Home for Destitute Children. On the east side of Broad near Catharine is the large and well-attended Roman Catholic Church of St. Theresa, with its convent and commodious parish school, and at the corner of Broad and Catharine is that excellent institution the Howard Hospital and Infirmary for Incurables, founded in 1854, under the name of the "Western Clinical Infirmary," its present name having been adopted five years later. An average of about five thousand patients are registered at this hospital per annum, over two hundred thousand having been treated here since its foundation. At Fifteenth and Christian Streets stands the Eighth United Presbyterian Church, a Gothic structure of brown-stone, with colored glass windows, and at Broad and Christian is the Broad Street Methodist Episcopal Church, a plain but not unattractive building. On the east side of Broad Street, occupying the grounds bounded by Broad, Christian, Thirteenth, and Carpenter Streets, stands, in a kind of solitary grandeur, the colossal granite edifice known as the Ridgway Branch of the Philadelphia Library, a bequest by the late Dr. James Bush to the Library,— a magnificent gift, embodying the proceeds of an estate of an aggregate value of about one million dollars, but so unfortu- nately located as to be little more than a stupendous monument to the possible t^nwisdom that may attach to the execution of a benevolent act. The institution was named in the will of the donor in honor of his wife (the daughter of Jacob Ridgway, a wealthy Philadelphia merchant), from whom he received the major portion of the estate thus bequeathed. The building is finely ap- pointed within, and is made the receptacle of the less used books and treasures of the Library, besides which, in a room set apart for the purpose, are kept certain costly articles of furniture which once be- longed to Madam Rush, and in another apartment is contained the Ridgway Library. m ^in i!iiiiii!;^ '^\')W -MB mm ?!?'» V ,JP 11 .,;,•' Jno. M. Melloy's Sons, Manufacturers of Japanned, Stamped, and Plain ^ Tin Ware, 029 Market Street. Joseph Fussell & Son Manufacturers of Umbrellas and Parasols For Fine Trade, 2, 4, and 6 N. Fourth St., Cor. of Market, Phila. Job Bird & Son, Toys and Novelties, 1734 Market St. R. R. Brinofhurst & Co., Undertakers, ^S N. Eleventh St., Philadelphia, Pa. For "Something New to Speak," get GARRETT'S Best things for Lyceum and Church Enter- READINGS tainments. Humorous and Dialect Sketches. Amateur Dra- mas. School RECITATIONS 28 Numbers ready. Sold by booksellers. Specimen Pages (16 pieces), FREE. Address, P. GAKKETT hia receives its principal w^ater-supply, the water being pumped from the Schujdkill River by the Belmont Water-Works, located near the Reading Railroad bridge over the Schuylkill. About a mile northward from George's Hill, on a sightly location in the George's Hill. 19G PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. Park (easily reached even by pedestrians), is Belmont Mansion, now a house of entertainment for callers, but once the home of the cele- brated Peters family of ante-Revolutionary fame. The original dwell- ing, a portion of which is still standing, was erected before the middle of the last century, and to this large additions w^ere subsequently made. The eminent Judge Richard Peters, scholar, wit, and patriot, CATHOLIC TOTAIi ABSTINENCE UNION FOUNTAIN. was born and died here (1744-1828), and here, while enjoying the hos- pitality of Judge Peters, AVashington is said to have planted a Span- ish walnut-tree, which grew to large size, and Lafayette, in 1824, planted a white walnut. The view from the piazza of the house is one which can scarcely be surpassed in America. It is one of those grand effects of nature and art combined, which man must acknowledge his inability to represent adequately on paper. Leaving Belmont, the road passes through a comparatively unin- teresting section to Chamouni, with its lake and concourse, and tlie northern limits of West Park. Near the lake it intersects the Falls road, and this takes us down to the Schuylkill, which we cross by a bridge, which brings us into the East Park at Falls Village. XXIII. Laurel Hill Cemetery and Beyond. Laurel Hill is one of the oldest and most celebrated of Ameri- can suburban cemeteries, having been opened for burials in 1825. Its natural site was always one of great beauty ; and its charms have been vastly imjiroved by the skill of the landscape gardener and the lavish hand of wealth. It is pre-eminent for the elegance and variety of its monumental work and mortuary sculpture, and for the names of the distinguished dead whose ashes lie buried within its walls. It lies upon the high and wooded bank of the Schuylkill, opposite the northern end of the Laurel Hill Cemetery. BRIDGE OVEli NICETOWN LANE, IN LAUKEL HILL, CEMETEKY. 198 tW) ll/-ijii ^^^>f- 1 \ \ LAUREL HILL CEMETERY AND BEYOND. 201 West Park. Just north of it is the husy suburban and industrial village of Falls of Schuylkill. It may be reached by the Ridge Avenue cars. Laurel Hill Cemetery is divided into three parts : South, Central, and North Laurel Hill, without reckoning the well- known West Laurel Hill, which is on the opposite side of the Schuyl- kill, towards the north-west. Laurel Hill, or "The Laurels," now North Laurel Hill, was originally the family estate of the Sims family, while Central Laurel Hill was " Fairy Hill," the country home of Mr. George Pepper ; and South Laurel Hill was " Harleigh," once the seat of the Rawle family. Near the entrance to North Laurel Hill is an interesting sculptured group representing Old Mortality, his pony, and Sir Walter Scott, cut in brown-stone by the artist Thom. Across Ridge Avenue from Laurel Hill Cemetery is a group of smaller cem- eteries, among them Mount Vernon, which contains some splendid examples of funereal sculpture, and Mount Peace, a large and beau- tiful burying-ground, owned by the Odd Fellows, and which may be regarded as an extension of the older Odd-Fellows' Cemetery, else- where noticed, which lies half a mile south-eastward from Mount Peace. The Church of St, James the Less (Episcopalian) stands in a small and very neatly-kept burial-ground, between Clearfield Street and Nicetown Lane, a short distance from the main entrance to North Laurel Hill. It is a small though strikingly beautiful church of stone, in the Early English style, with a remarkably fine interior. It was once celebrated all over the country as one of the choicest specimens of church architecture in the United States. The ancient village of Falls of Schuylkill, also called Falls Village or The Falls, now in the Twenty-eighth ward, takes its name from certain rapids in the Schuylkill, now almost flooded out by the action of the dam at Fairmount. ' ' The Falls' ' is almost entirely an industrial place. Great factories of stone furnish employment to a large proportion of the inhabitants, both male and female. The built-up section is on the north-east side of the river. The lines of the Philadelphia and Reading Railway run not far from the river, on either bank. The principal street lies near the river, the side-streets climbing the steep hill-sides at irregular in- tervals. The principal building of any architectural interest is the church of St. James the Less, previously noticed. The largest con- gregation is that of St. Bridget's Church (Roman Catholic), on James Street, a plain structure of rough-cast brick. It has two thousand communicants and large parish schools ; and connected with the Falls of Schuylkill. Manayunk. seven miles 202 PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. church is a liouse of the Sisters of St. Joseph. Tliere is a large Baptist church on Queen Lane ; a tall and imposing Methodist Episcopal church on the same street, and a Presbyterian church, recently much enlarged, on Ridge Avenue. Just beyond Falls of Schuylkill, and below the mouth of the Wissahickon, we come to School Lane, one of the most beautiful suburban streets in the world. It runs jiorth-east. ward from Ridge Avenue to German town, and its borders are occu- pied by a succession of some of the handsomest residences in the country. North-west from Falls of Schuylkill, across Wissahickon Creek, we come to Manayunk, in the Twenty-first Ward of Philadelphia, but almost forming a city by itself. It is reached either by the Reading or the Pennsylvania Railroad, (about by the former and eight miles by the latter), as by the Ridge Avenue cars. It is a busy manufacturing centre. Its steep streets, and the quaint uniformity of its older dwellings (generally of stone or brick, and plastered), and the ponderous solidity of its great stone mills, give it a peculiar and characteristic appearance. Above it, along the crest of tlie hills, stretches the fine old town of Roxbor- ough, with many handsome residences. Manayunk contains some noteworthy churches, among them are the First Presbyterian Church of Manayunk, a large stuccoed building, standing at the corner of Centre and Chestnut Streets, near the Pennsj'lvania Railroad Station. St. David's Church (Episcopal), at the corner of Centre and Baker Streets, is a vevy fine English Gothic edifice, with a grand tower and steeple. The First Baptist Church of Manayunk, on Green Lane, is a neat- building with a pretty Gothic front of limestone. The Church of St. Mary of the Assumption (Roman Catholic), on Oak Street, is a very spacious, old stuccoed building. By far the finest piece of archi- tecture in Manayunk is the Church of St. John the Baptist (Roman Catholic), now being erected. When completed this will be one of the grandest churches in America. Its cost will exceed |200,000. It is built of granitoid stone from Stockton, New Jersey. Its nave is one hundred and eighty-seven feet long, and the breadth in the transepts one hundred and six feet. Its height in the nave is nearly one. hundred feet. It is of a plain modern Gothic style, and its decorations are to be of a severely and strictly ecclesiastical type. The Wissahickon Methodist Church, cor- ner of Terrace and Adams Streets, is a pretty stone edifice. The Wissahickon Baptist Church, on Terrace Street, unfinished, is to be a St. John's Church. LAUREL HILL CEMETERY AND BEYOND. 203 fine Gothic church of stone. St. Timothy's Workingmen's Club has an elegant stone building, corner of Ridge Avenue and Vasser Street. St. Timothy's Church, Roxborough (Episcopalian), on Ridge Avenue, near Shur's Lane, is a very beautiful and spacious structure. It is a low-roofed, brown-stone Gothic building, with parish school-houses and other adjuncts, quite in keeping with its fine semi-rural surround- ings. The Manatawna Baptist Church, Roxborough, on Ridge Avenue, is a massive stone Gothic edifice, with a fine tower and steeple. Very near it is the Roxborough Lyceum building, with a free library and reading-room. Tiie Leverington Presbyterian Church, corner of Ridge and Leverington Avenues, is a substantial granite church with a green-stone front, quite unlike the traditional or conventional church in its general aspect, yet very handsome. The other churches of Manayunk must be passed over briefly ; they include the Mount Ver- non Baptist Church, the Central Methodist Episcopal Church, Green Lane, Roxborough ; Mount Zion Methodist Episcopal Church, Green Lane and Poplar Street ; the Church of the Holy Family (Roman Catholic), and others. Closely associated in business interests with Philadelphia, though twelve miles distant by rail from the centre of the city (only a short distance, however, from its limits), is the busy, indus- trial town of Conshohocken, in Montgomery County, with some eight thousand inhabitants. It is accessible by the Norristown branch of the Reading Railroad and by the Schuyl- kill Valley division of the Pennsylvania Railroad ; while in the ad- jacent village of West Conshohocken the main line of the Reading Railroad has a station. A branch of the latter road extends from Conshohocken to Oreland, on the North Penn Railroad. Consho- hocken lies in the deep, trough-like valley of the Schuylkill. Iron- works, cotton-mills, and other manufactories line the river-bank, and the town, as seen from the railway, looks rough and unattractive. But as the traveller climbs the steep hill-side to the north-east, new scenes present themselves. The trees are here densely shaded with trees, and niany handsome public and private buildings are seen. The great architectural ornament of Conshohocken is Calvary Church (Episcopalian), which is said to be the finest church edifice in Mont- gomery County. It is built of local stone, in the Pointed style of architecture. It has a lofty stone spire, and the window traceries are Indiana limestone. The stained-glass windows, and the interior dec- oration generally, are greatly admired. 13 Consho- hocken. XXIV. Wissahickon Creek. Up the Wissahickon. Beyond Falls Village, a short distance brings us to the mouth of the Wissahickon, and as we turn our faces up its Drive the first object to attract our attention is the magnificent viaduct which carries the tracks of the Norristown branch of the Read- ing Railroad across the gorge. It is four hundred and ninety-two feet in length, twenty-eight feet wide, seventy feet high, and has five spans of sixty-five feet each. It is built of stone, and is a most substantial and, at the same time, graceful structure. Its noble arches form a fitting portal to the beautiful and romantic valley which it spans, and which is one of the most re- markable regions ever in- cluded within the limits of a -— ,^ great city. Entering it from the heat and glare of a sum- ^; mer's day seems like pene- trating Calypso's grotto, so dark and cool are its shaded precincts, with their mossy rocks, their trickling rills, and feathery ferns. In its lower part the Wissahickon has a placid, pool-like aspect, caused by the checking of its current by a dam thrown across near its mouth. This gives the stream a width and depth beyond what are natural to it, and makes this part of its course an admirable boating-ground for the picnic-parties and recreation-seekers who, from earlj^ morning till late in the evening, may, in the summer-time, be found disporting them- selves upon its surface. As we proceed, the drive, following the windings of the stream, 204 THE WISSAHICKON CREEK, FROM RIDGE AVENUE, UP THE WISSAHICKON. 207 leads us beneath beetling crags and overhanging trees, the narrow valley-bottom occasionally broadening into a glade, and affording room for a house of entertainment, of which several are passed as we ascend the stream. Some of these are old-time structures, and their quaint picturesqueness makes them harmonious adjuncts to their romantic setting. The Wissahickon in its upper course is a brawling, rapid stream, swirling around the boulders that intersperse its bed with an eddying sweep, which makes us think of trout ; but those dainty exquisites of the finny tribe are not among its denizens. The name is said to be the Indian for catfish, and that plebian member of the fish family is about all that it yields to reward the patient angler. "Catfish and waffles" has always been the shibboleth of restaurants along the Wissahickon, though on what principal this gastronomic combina- tion is based must be left to philosophers to settle. While never a trout stream, the Wissahickon was formerly much more prolific of fish than it is now. The erection of mills, with their dams, and the pollution of the water by their waste pretty- much annihilated all but the very hardiest species. Now, however, the mills having been re- moved, an effort has been made to stock the stream with bass and other fish, and it is not improbable that, in the coming years, its waters restored to their j)ristine purity, the Wissahickon may become as favorite a resort for the fisherman as it always has been for the poet, the artist, and the lover of nature. As we advance along the beautiful drive on the western bank, our attention is arrested by a curious structure crossing the gorge high above our heads, dififerent from anything we have heretofore seen. This is known as the Pipe Bridge. It is six hundred and eighty-four feet long, and one hundred feet above the creek. The pipes that sup- ply German town with water form the chords of tlie bridge, the whole being bound together with wrought-iron. It was designed by Fred- erick Graff, and constructed under his superintendence. Near this is "Devil's Pool," a basin in Cresheim Creek, which rises in Montgom- ery County, and, flowing westwardly, here unites with the Wissa- hickon. Its valley was formerly the site of several mills, which have now been removed. Valley Green Hotel is. next reached, and affords a comfortable resting-place for man and beast. It is a quaint old wayside-inn, a favorite house of call with the frequenters of the drive, and a tempt- ing subject for artists, by whom it has been sketched time and again. 208 PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. FROM DEVIL'S POOL TO INDIAN KOCK. Half a mile beyond the Valley Green Hotel stands the first public fountain erected in Philadelphia. A lion's-head spout carries the water of a cold hill-side spring, niched in a granite arch, into a marble basin. Upon a- slab of marble above the niche are the words "Pro bono jDublico," and beneath the basin is the legend ' ' Esto per- petua." It was erected in 1854, and was the gift of Mr. Joseph Cook, a public-spirited citizen. Near Valley Green is a stone bridge across the Wissahickon, from which a beautifully-shaded and well-kept road leads up the steep ascent, de- bouching upon the plateau above near the new Wissahickon Inn. To the left of this road, as it winds upward, may be caught a glimpse of the re- cently-erected palatial residence of Mr. H. H. Houston, one of the costliest and most magnificent private structures in or about Philadelphia. Through a mile and a half of rugged scenery above Valley Green we emerge into the smiling landscape of White Marsh Valley, and our delightful tour of the Wissahickon is at an end. The Wissahickon Valley is full of traditional spots and historical associations. "Hermit's Lane," "Hermit's Glen," and "Hermit's Well" are memorials of the German mystic, Kelpius. "Lover's Leap," "Indian Rock," and "Devil's Pool" all have their stories, and legendary romance sheds its halo everywhere throughout this wild and picturesque locality. Kelpius, of whom we have just made mention, was a singular character. He was a native of Siebenbiirgen, and em- igrated to Pennsylvania with others of his school of thought, the dis- tinguishing characteristic of their sect being devotion for the sake of religion to a single and solitary life. He was a learned man, well versed in the ancient languages, and a writer in Hebrew, Latin, Greek, and English. After his death the society rapidl^^ declined, its mem- bers, no longer sustained by his precept and example, gradually suc- cumbing to the temptations of domestic life and social intercourse. !2: Ninth and Green Streets Station. XXV. The Reading's Routes and Stations. The several lines of the Philadelphia and Reading Railroad having their termini in Philadelphia are known respectively as the Main Line, having its principal station at Broad and Callowhill Streets ; the Philadelphia & Atlantic City Division, whose stations are at Chestnut Street and South Street wharves ; and the New York Division, which, besides the Bound Brook Route, embraces the Germantown and Chest- nut Hill, the Norristown, and the Bethlehem Branches. The prin- cipal initial station is at Ninth and Green Streets, and while this station is environed bj^ surroundings of no unusual interest, it possesses considerable importance as the starting-point for trains not only over the principal branches of the road, but also for trains over the Norristown branch and for many of the trains for New York via Bound Brook. The immediate locality of this station is conveniently reached by several lines of city street-cars, particularly by the cars on Green Street, which pass the station, by those on Eighth Street, which cross Green Street, and by the numerous lines of the Traction Company, which, by a system of passes, convey passengers near to this vicinity from almost all sections of the city. Comfortable residences, interspersed with minor business concerns and a sprinkling of churches, mostly of the plainer sort, are charac- teristic of this locality, an exception being the heavy business estab- lishment (chemical laboratory) of Powers & Weightman, at Ninth and Parrish Streets, where, in connection with their extensive manufac- tory at Falls of Schuylkill, is produced a line of fine chemicals and drugs for use in medicine and the arts, perhaps imequalled by that of any other house in the country. Three squares from this station, at the north-east corner of Spring Garden and Marshall Streets, stands the fine new building (Assembly-Hall and Library) of the German Society of Pennsylvania, an association organized in 1764, by citizens of German birth, for the purpose of affording aid and protection to poor, sick, and distressed German immigrants. In 1781 this associa- tion was incorporated, and in 1805 it erected a home on Seventh Street, 210 THE READING S llOUTES AND STATIONS. 211 below Market, which it occupied until 1887, when it moved to its new quarters, a handsome rock-face brown-stone and pressed brick build- ing, on which 166,000 had been expended. Among the assets of the Society — amounting at the close of 1888 to $138,461.69— is a library of 30,000 volumes, considered the finest German library in the United States. In 1885 a free employment-bureau was started, under the au- spices of the Society, through which some twelve hundred Immigrants each year are supplied with situations. The executive officers are : President, John C. Fife ; Secretary, Dr. Joseph Bernt. Near the ASSEMBLY-HAIili OF THE GERMAN SOCIETY OF PENNSYLVANIA, building of the German Society stands., at the south-east corner of Sixth and Spring Garden Streets, the handsome granite building of the Northern Savings-Fund, Safe Deposit and Trust Company, incor- porated in 1871, and at the north-west corner of Seventh and Spring Garden Streets is the imposing edifice of the First Reformed Church in America, erected in 1853-55, with a fine portico on the Spring Gar- den front. Two squares to the north, on Sixth Street, above Green, is the North Presbyterian Church, of brick with a stucco-finished, or- namental portico, and on Sixth Street, above Brown (Nos. 803-817), 212 PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. stands the handsome Hebrew synagogue Keneseth- Israel (Reformed Congregation), an imposing brick edifice with oriental towers sur- mounting the front. Near the latter, on Franklin Street, above Brown, is St. Jude's Protestant Episcopal Church, a brown-stone Gothic structure, bearing the welcoming inscription, "seats free;" and on Seventh Street, above Brown, is the Second Reformed Church in America, a brick edifice with a handsome Grecian portico. On Frank- lin Street, above Green, is the Protestant Episcopal All Souls' Mission for the Deaf and Dumb. Just above Green Street, on Eighth (ISTos. 617-623), stands the Tenth Baptist Church, a plain stucco-finished brick, and on Eighth Street, extending from Green Street to Spring Garden, is the imposing Handel and Haydn Hall, a plain stucco-fin- ished brick building, four stories high, with stores on the first floor and assembly-rooms and offices above. At Tenth and Wallace Streets (two squares to the west), stands the edifice of the First Reformed Church in the United States (organized in 1727), a pointed, light-stone structure on a brown-stone base in the Gothic style of architecture. Midway between Tenth and Eleventh Streets, on the north side of Green Street, is the handsome Green Street Methodist Episcopal Church, with a fine front, consisting of a pediment supported by four pillars, and ornamental windows. At Eleventh and Mount Vernon Streets is the Protestant Episcopal Church of the Nativity, a plain stucco- finished structure, and on the east side of Eleventh, between Spring- Garden and Mount Vernon Streets, stands the Spring Garden Presby- terian Church, with a fine porticoed front. On Twelfth Street, below^ Melon Street (Nos. 667-669), is the Central Christian Church (Disciples of Christ), and on Thirteenth Street below Melon (Nos. 658-664) is the Zion Baptist Church. Six-tenths of a mile from the station at Ninth and Green Streets, as measured on the railroad, and twelve squares as numbered on Ninth Street (at No. 1200 North Ninth), is Girard Ave- nue Station, where trains sometimes stop, but where there is little to interest or attract the casual observer. On the north-west corner of Ninth Street and Girard Avenue stands the Girard Avenue Farmers' Market, of fine architectural proportions, and on Tenth Street, just below Girard Avenue, is the North Tenth Street Presbyterian Church, now of little architectural attractiveness, but whose pillars in front indicate that it was once a somewhat pre- tentious building. At the south-east corner of Girard Avenue and Franklin Street stands the handsome building of the National Security Girard Ave- nue Station. THE reading's ROUTES AND STATIONS. 213 Bank, of rough-hewn granite, and on the west side of Eighth Street, near Girard Avenue, standing in close proximity, are Christ Church of Evangelical Association, and the Sj^nagogue of the Congregation Rodef Shalom, the latter a plain but handsome structure of pressed brick. On Seventh Street, below Girard Avenue (Nos. 9G1-972 North Seventh), stands the imposing Second Baptist Church, with a brown- stone front trimmed with light stone, and having a steeple covered with colored slate. Mention may here be made of the si)acious and beautiful green-stone Temple Presbyterian Church, at Franklin and Tliompson Streets (two squares from Girard Avenue Station), di- rectly opposite which is the Second Moravian Church, of rough granite, with brow^i-stone buttresses ; a ver^^ plain edifice. The North Baptist Church, at Eighth and Master Streets, a square farther away, is overgrown with a luxuriant mantle of ivy. At Fifth Street and Girard Avenue is St Peter's Church (Roman Catholic), a very large, old stuccoed building of. the Roman-Corinthian architecture. Large parochial schools and various excellent charities are sustained by this Church, with its large corps of priests. At Sixth Street and Girard Avenue is the Farmers' Market. A short distance from Girard Avenue, and one mile from the initial station at Ninth and Green Streets, is the important Columbia Avenue Station, which, besides being a stopping-place for all regular trains on this branch, may be regarded as the centre of a not unattractive section of the citj^, rows of handsome houses, interspersed with fine churches, not being uncommon in this vicinity. City cars also, from all directions, pass near here, making the locality exceptionally convenient of access. A square east of this station, on Columbia Avenue, directly in the course of Franklin Street, stands the Cohocksink Presbyterian Church, a large, ivy-clad, brown-stone structure with a lofty spire, visible from a great distance. A few steps to the west, at Eighth Street and Columbia Avenue is Zion Church (Episcopal), a large, old-fashioned brick building, rough-cast and plain, but with good architectural fea- tures. At Seventh and Norris Streets is the Seventh Street Methodist Episcopal Church, of gray-stone, with brown-stone trimmings. Just south, at Seventh Street and Montgomery Avenue, is St. Luke's Evangelical Lutheran Church, a fine building of stone. On Seventh Street, above Columbia Avenue, is the Jewish Temple Adath Jeshurun, a very handsome brick synagogue in an oriental style of architecture. Among the other churches in this section of the city are the Fiftieth Columbia Avenue Station, 214 PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. Baptist Church, at Seventh Street and Susquehanna Avenue, one of the prettiest Gothic buildings in Philadelphia, and the Fifth Moravian Church, Germantown Avenue near Dauphin Street, the latter a se- verely plain edifice, of almost rustic simplicity of design. The large Roman Catholic St. Edward's Church consists really of two churches, a handsome brown-stone Gothic church on Eighth Street, and a tall and spacious brick church on York Street, betw^een which is a Con- vent of Sisters of the Holy Child Jesus, who conduct the parish school. At Eighth and Cumberland Streets is the Memorial Methodist Epis- copal Church, a large brick structure. At Ninth Street and Lehigh Avenue stands the Holy Cross Church (Evangelical Lutheran), while diagonally opposite is St. Simeon's Church (Episcopal), both unfin- ished edifices of stone. At the corner of Lehigh and Germantown Avenues is the Bank of America, with an odd-looking building of stone. The Gaston Presbyterian Church, Eleventh Street and Lehigh Avenue, is a brown-stone church in the Early English style. On Lehigh Avenue, occupying opposite corners of Twelfth Street, are the Lehigh Avenue Baptist and the Cookman Methodist Episcopal churches, both of stone and brick. On tlie north side of the avenue, corner of Thirteenth Street, stand the very spacious and handsome stone buildings of the Methodist Home, where aged and infirm members of the Methodist Epis- copal Church are provided with the comforts needed in their declining years. This very useful institution was opened in 1871. On Seventh Street, below Oxford, is the Trinity (German) Reformed Church, a substantial-looking, plain Gothic structure of brown-stone. Far away to the left we see the grandly-proportioned and lofty tower of St. Michael's Church (Roman Catholic), at Second and Jefferson Streets, one of the architectural land-marks of its district. This church is an historic one; for the original St. Michael's w^as one of the churches burned in the Native American riots of 1844. Beyond the stations at Huntingdon Street and Sixteenth Street, re- spectively two and two and one-half miles from Ninth and Green Streets, — and near which is the Philadelphia Ball-Park, and the other features of interest mentioned above as in the vicinity of Broad Street and Lehigh Avenue, — is the neat Tioga Station (three and two-tenths miles from the station at Ninth and Green Streets) surrounded by a community of attractive residences interspersed with several churches and otherpublic institu- tions. Especially attractive is the new Temple Baptist Church, at the Methodist Home. Tioga Station. Wayne Junction. 216 PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. corner of Twenty-second and Tioga Streets, a fine brick structure on a stone base witli carved wood finish. Wortliy of note also is the Odd-Fellows' Home, at Seventeenth and Tioga Streets, one of the oldest and best institutions of its class. No money has been wasted here on architectural effects, but all contributions have been made to tell for the purpose intended. Not far distant, at Twentieth and Ontario Streets, stands the Home for Orphans of Odd-Fellows. Less than a half-mile from Tioga is Nicetown Station, at which are the Midvale Steel- Works, and which takes its name from the old-time village of Nicetown, situated to the eastward on German town Ave- nue. Beyond this station, and four and three-tenths miles from Ninth and Green Streets Station, is Wayne Junction, where are extensive carpet- and cotton-mills. Here the trains for New York and intermediate places on the Bound Brook route, diverging to the eastward from the Germantown and Chestnut Hill branch, traverse a highly-cultivated section of rare, natural beauty, occupied largely by estates of "Old Families," but among which contemporary "Merchant Princes" are rapidly gaining a foothold. Here and there grand old naansions sit embow- ered in groves of trees that generations ago were the pride of the pro- genitors of the present occupants, while, standing out in bold relief on sightly locations, are seen many establishments of a modern type, the elegance of which mark the proprietors as among those whose bank accounts are not light. Passing Logan and Tabor stations on this route, respectively one mile and one and six-tenths miles (by railroad measurement) from Wayne Junction, the route joins the Reading's Bethlehem Branch (formerly the North Penn Railroad) at Fern Rock, six and six-tenths miles from Third and Berks Streets Station, the latter being the initial station of the Bethlehem Branch. A few stations, called respectively Lehigh Avenue, Erie Avenue, Drove- Yard, Lindley, and Tabor, intervene between Third and Berks Streets and Fern Rock, near the last named of which (Tabor Station) are the fine buildings erected by the Jewish Hospital Association, on Olney Road near York Pike, embracing the Hospital proper, an elegant edi- fice of pointed stone, in a mixed semi-Moorish style of architecture, with accommodations for sixty-five patients ; the Mathilde Adler Loeb Dispensary (free to all), founded by Mr. and Mrs. Abraham Adler, and Mr. August B. Loeb, in memory of Mr. Loeb's wife, a daughter of the former ; and the splendid new Home for Aged and Infirm Israelites (now approaching completion), which will have a capacity for one m-'i >f- THE READING S ROUTES AND STATIONS. 219 THIS HOSPITAL WAS ERECTED BY THE VOLUNTARY CONTRIBUTIONS OP^ THE ISRAELITES OF PHILADELPHIA, AND IS DEDICATED TO THE RELIEF OF THE SICK AND WOUNDED, WITHOUT REGARD TO CREED, COLOR, OR NATIONALITY, under the management of a board composed of members of the Jewish Hospital Association. hundred inmates, and be replete with all the modern appliances for convenience and comfort. The Home is of brick and stone, and in the Moorisli style of architecture. A dedicatory inscription over the the main entrance to the Hospital expresses the pur- pose of its erection, and proclaims that it (as well as the Dispensary) is free to all. A synagogue is attached to the establishment for the use of Jewish patients and the inmates of the Home. The grounds, and the build- ings erected under the au- spices of the Association (up to the present time), represent an outlay of about $250,000. Bej^ond the Fern Rock junction the consolidated line passes, at intervals of about half a mile, the stations of Lawnton, Oak Lane, Melrose (late "City Line"), Ashbourne, and Ogontz, the last name being the present cognomen of the old village of 8hoemakertown, where years ago was the old York Road Station of the North Penn Railroad. A mile from Ogontz Village, crowning one of the wooded heights in the midst of the beautiful " Chelten Hills" region, five hundred feet above the Delaware River, stands the Ogontz School Establishment for Young Ladies, once a private residence of almost baronial grandeur, built at a cost of a million dollars or more by Mr. Jay Cooke, banker and railroad magnate, who, after a varied financial experience, a few years since leased the prop- erty to the present occupants — then the proprietors of the well-known Chestnut Street Seminary, Philadelphia — for educational purposes. Here, surrounded by wide acres of lawn, rises the main building of the establishment, a granite structure four and five stories in height, in dignity and spaciousness resembling an aristocratic country-seat of the Old World, and in elegant appliances suited to its present use, probably without an equal anywhere among educational institutions. Its spacious apartments embrace a drawing-room, thirty by fifty feet in extent ; a library thirty-five by forty ; and a dining-room with a capacity for seating seventy-five guests. The main hall, seventeen feet Vv^ide and eighty feet long, terminates in a conservatory or winter- Ogontz Station. Ogontz School. 220 PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. garden, forty feet square. A broad and massive staircase of solid walnut leads to some seventy-five upper rooms, formerly the guest- chambers of Mr. Cooke, now the private apartments of teachers and pupils. This staircase is decorated with a medallion portrait of "Ogontz," an Indian chief, — a boy time friend of Mr. Cooke, — and with panels in stained glass representing Indian scenes. Other principal buildings in the well-kept grounds, devoted to the use of the School, are the Art-building, the Infirmary, and the Gym- nasium (including a bowling-alley, dancing-fioor, laboratory, music- rooms, and servants' rooms), besides which are the green -houses, water-works, gas-works, stables, etc. Says The Christian Union: "It goes without dispute that no other private school enjoys such environments, and j^et it must be clearly understood that this lovely dwelling-place is but the casket in which the real Ogontz is enshrined. "The School, opened here five years ago, was not an untried ven- ture, but the outgrowth of one of the oldest institutions in Philadel- phia, whose history is coeval with that of woman's higher education. "... The rational system of tuition, together with the remarkable facilities at the disposal of the school, is what renders it unique, and places it on a plane far above that of the ordinary high-class boarding- school." Nine-tenths of a mile from Ogontz Station is the station of Chelten Hills, beyond which (less than half a mile) is Jenkintown Station (ten miles from Ninth and Green Streets) which, with the village of the same name, lying a half-mile back from the railroad and containing the usual complement of churches and other public institutions, may perhaps be held to mark the limits of the environs of Philadelphia on that line. An allied branch, called the Philadelphia, Newtown, and New York Railroad, and running through this section, has the fol- lowing stations, with the distances as indicated, from the initial sta- tion at Third and Berks Streets : Erie Avenue (1.9 miles), Wyoming Avenue (3.2), Olney (3.9), Crescentville (4.9), Lawndale (5.6), Cheltenham (6.6), Ryer's (6.9) Fox Chase (8.0), Valley Falls (10.8), Huntingdon Valley (11.4), etc. Just beyond Wayne Junction the tracks of the Germantown and Chestnut Hill Branch cross Germantown Avenue (now gener- ally called "Main Street"), the two routes from this point taking parallel courses to Chestnut Hill, at an average distance from each other of about a half-mile, the frequently occurring stations on the THE READING S ROUTES AND STATIONS. 221 railroad being connected with corresponding points on Main Street by Lanes and Avenues. Six-tenths of a mile from Wayne Junction is the station of Fisher's, passing which is the well-linown Fislier's WAKEFIELD MILLS, GERMAN TOWN. Lane, on which, to the eastward, on Wingohocking Creek, are the quaint old Wakefield Mills, and near whose outlet into Main Street 14 222 PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. (and on the latter) are the handsome Wakefield Presbyterian Church and the Protestant Episcopal Church of St. John the Baptist. Less than a mile from Fisher's is Wister Station, on a street of the same name (formerly known as Duy's Lane), lined with fine residences. At the corner of Wister and Wakefield Streets is the handsome Third Baptist Church, of rock-faced, dark, gray-stone, with light stone trimmings. Near here, on Penn Street (formerly Shoemaker's Lane) is the man- sion of Thomas MacKellar, Esq., millionaire type-maker and looet, who, though ]3rofessedly a business-man rather than litterateur^ finds opxDortunity, amid the requirements of exacting duties to write charming "Rhymes atween Times," and other poetical effusions, chiefly of a religious nature, for the gratification of his friends. Near the junction of Penn and Main Streets, on the west side of the latter, is the plain old Trinity Lutheran Church, and on Main Street, near Bringhurst, is St. Stephen's Methodist Episcopal Church, of rough stone, with a tall spire covered with slate. A short distance beyond Wister Station is a station bearing the euphonious name of Wingo- hocking, near which, to the eastward, across a ravine (where runs Wingohocking Creek), on a sightly eminence, is a noted group of charitable institutions. Here is the well-known Germantown Hos- pital, built for the benefit, primarily, of the large number of laborers employed in that vicinity, and entirely supported by private contri- butions. Near the Hospital is the Jewish Foster Home and Orphan Asylum, a favorite object of charity with benevolent Hebrews, where from seventy-five to one hundred children, of either sex, are supported and schooled. Here also is that estimable charity, the Home for the Aged Poor of Both Sexes, conducted by the "Little Sisters of the Poor," who dispense to the aged under their care (some three hun- dred) such contributions as they gather up in their periodical rounds among the charitably disposed. This Home, consisting of a connected group of spacious apartments, is one of over two hundred and fifty similar institutions maintained by this Order in various parts of the world. Next to Wingohocking Station, and exactly six miles from Ninth and Green Streets, is the Reading's Chelten Avenue Station, the princi- pal Germantown station on the Reading Railroad, and the most con- venient to the intersection of Chelten Avenue and Main Street, which may be considered the local business centre of the place. A short distance south of Chelten Avenue, at Main and Mill Streets, is Market Square, where is the Soldiers' Monument, and fronting which is the 224 PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. Market Square Presbyterian Church, with its beautiful front of stone, and over tlie vestibule of wliich is a handsome circular window! Here also is St. Luke's Protestant Episcopal Church, in well-kept grounds, opposite which is the Free Library. On the corners opposite the Square are the Germantown Saving- Fund and the Germantown FIRST PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH, GERMANTOWN. National Bank, both of massive granite. On Chelten Avenue, just west of Main Street, is the handsome First Presbyterian Church (of Germantown) a Gothic structure of dark stone trimmed with light granite. Fartlier north, near Main and Johnson Streets, and among the famous land-marks, is the old Chew House, a venerable stone THE reading's ROUTES AND STATIONS. 225 mansion, the scene of an interesting incident at the battle of Ger- man town, its walls effectually sheltering a portion of the British forces from an attack by the Americans,— which it is claimed lost the battle to the latter. The Johnson House, standing a little south of and on the other side of the way from the Chew House, is another vener- able structure of much interest. About a mile beyond Chelten Avenue Station is the station of Walnut Lane, near which, on Washington Lane, east of the railroad, is the Crematory and Columbarium of the Philadelphia Cremation Society, whose office is at No. 242 Franklin Street, Philadelphia. Another mile brings us to Gorgas Station, followed consecutively, at brief intervals, by Mount Pleasant Station and Mount Airy Station,— the latter eight and a half miles from Ninth and Green Streets,'— either of the three being convenient to that charming locality known as Mount Airy, midway (on Main Street) between Germantown and Chestnut Hill. At Mount Airy Station is the beautiful Grace Episcopal Church, and at Mount Airy, on Main Street, among other objects of interest is the new building of the Evangelical Lutheran Theological Seminary, founded in 1864, and from 1865 to 1889 carried on at No. 212 Franldin Street, Philadelphia. This Seminary has an attendance of about seventy-five students, its total alumni numbering about five hundred. Its library contains 20,000 volumes, and is espe- cially rich in English and German versions of the Bible and Liturgies. Among the members of its faculties, past and present, are names of men eminent in the Lutheran Church, of whom the late Rev. C. F. Schaeffer, D.D., and the late Rev. C. P. Krauth, D.D., LL.D., are conspicuous examples. A short distance south of the Seminary, also on Main Street, is the Lutheran Orphans' Home and Asylum for the Aged and Infirm, whose inmates number about seventy-five children and some thirty-five aged people. Nearly a half-mile from Mount Airy Station is Mermaid Station, near which, at the intersection of Main Street and Mermaid Lane, is an old-time hostelry known as the Mermaid Inn, which has escaped the iconoclastic hand of the modern reconstructionist, and stands in all its pristine picturesqueness a quaint old memorial of bygone days. Near the inn is another object almost as interesting as the old inn itself. This is a log house which, though now rapidly falling to de- cay, has stood since 1743, when it was built by Christopher Seakle, a German cooper, who for years lived and pUed his trade there. A short distance from Mermaid is the station of Wyndmoor, followed at 226 PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. a distance of six-tenths of a mile by the attractive Graver's Station (near which are many fine residences in well-cultivated grounds), and a half-mile farther by the terminal station at Chestnut Hill (see In- dex), just ten miles by railroad measurement from Ninth and Green Streets, Philadelphia. The allied Norristown Branch of the Reading's System, starting at Ninth and Green Streets, follows the track of the Germantown and Chestnut Hill route to Sixteenth Street, where, diverging to the left, it takes its course towards the Schuylkill River, its Twenty- second Street Station, at Twenty-second Street and Alleghany Ave- nue, standing near Westmoreland Station on the Germantown Branch THE MERMAIU INN. of the Pennsylvania Railroad. Next beyond Twenty-second Street is Bellevue Station, near which are Mount Peace and North Laurel Hill Cemeteries and the beautiful Church of St. James the Less (see Index). About a half-mile beyond Bellevue, and four and one-half miles from Ninth and Green Streets, is Falls Station, — the x^rincipal station for Falls Village, — following which are the stations of School Lane and Wissahickon, the latter five and six-tenths miles from Ninth and Green Streets, and beyond the viaduct which spans the Wissahickon Creek. Trains at this station connect with the horse- Reading's Main Line. THE reading's ROUTES AND STATIONS. 227 cars for Roxborougli and Barren Hill. Following Wissahickon Sta- tion on the route of the railroad are the stations of Schurs and Mana- yunk, the latter being at the manufacturing town of the same name, and six and seven-tenths miles, by railroad measurement, from the initial station at Ninth and Green Streets. Beyond Manayunk, the several stations on this line, with their distances from Ninth and Green Streets, are Glen Willow (7.5 miles), Shawmont (8.5), Lafayette (9.8), Spring Mill (11.4), Poplar Street (12.4), Conshohocken (12.7), Potts's (14.1), Mogees (15.3), Ford Street (15.8), Norristown (Main Street, 16.8). The Reading's Main Line Division, whose initial station is at Broad and Callowhill Streets, passes through localities within the environs of Philadelphia which possess only a moderate share of interest for the sight-seer. The station at Girard Ave- nue, on the border of East Fairmount Park (one and seven-tenths miles from Broad and Callowhill Streets), affords a con- venient means of visiting the section of the Park which embraces Lemon Hill, Girard Avenue Bridge, the Spring Garden Water- Works, the Zoological Garden (beyond the bridge), etc., — which are in its im- naediate vicinity, — while Belmont Station, across the Schuylkill, three and one-half miles from Broad and Callowhill Streets, affords an equally convenient means of access to West Fairmount Park. About half a mile beyond Belmont Station is the station of Ford Road, above which follow consecutively West Falls, Pencoyd (near which are the extensive Pencoyd Iron Works), and West Manayunk (oj)posite Man- ayunk), respectively five, six and one-half, and seven and one-half miles from Broad and Callowhill Streets. Beyond West Manayunk the principal stations are West Conshohocken (ox")posite Conshohocken), thirteen and one-half miles from Broad and Callowhill Streets, Bridge- port (opposite Norristown), seventeen miles distant, and Valley Forge (only of interest from its historical associations), twenty-three and one-half miles away. XXVI. The Pennsylvania's Routes and Stations. Of the local routes belonging to the system of the Pennsylvania Railroad, whose jDoint of departure from the city is Broad Street Station (see Part I., Index), the principal are the Main Line and branches whose general direction is westward, the local section of the Philadelphia, Wilmington, and Baltimore Road going southward, the New York Division, with its Germantown and Chestnut Hill Branch, and the Schuylkill Valley route leading northward. Common to several of these routes is the station at Powelton Ave- nue, in West Philadelphia (one and four-tenths miles from Broad Street Station), beyond which, on the Main Line, within the city limits, at intervals of about a mile, are stations called respectively (from their locations) Fortieth Street, Girard Avenue (on the line of Forty-sixth Street and near which is the Cathedral Cemetery), and Fifty-second Street. One and one-half miles from Fifty-second Street, and five and one-half miles from Broad Street, is Overbrook Station, in the immediate vicinity of which is the Roman Catholic Theological Seminary of St. Charles Borromeo. A half- mile from Overbrook is Merion Station, beyond which are Elm Station and Wynnewood Station, respectively six and eight-tenths and seven and five-tenths miles from Broad Street Station. A half- mile to the north of Elm Station, and about a mile west of Cynwyd Station (see Part I., Index) is the Belmont Driving- Park, near which are schools of the Franciscan Sisters. Fine country-seats abound in this vicinity, particularly near the railroad lines. A mile beyond Wynnewood is the considerable village of Ardmore, beyond which, nine and two-tenths miles from Broad Street Station, is the handsome borough of Haver- ford College, whose germ was the fine institution of the^t name, founded as a school in 1830 by the Society of Friends, and in 1856 invested with the full rank of a college. The institution is beautifully situated and has very commo- dious and cosey buildings, surrounded by a campus of sixty acres of well-kept lawns and groves. It is the principal high-class educational 228 Overbrook Station. Belmont Driving Park. Haverford College. Bryn Mawr College. THE Pennsylvania's routes and stations. 229 establishment in this country conducted by the Orthodox branch of the Society of Friends. One mile from Haverford College, and ten and two-tenths miles from Broad Street Station, is the village of Bryn Mawr (Welsh for "Great Bidge," — commonly pronounced hrhi mar) consisting largely of elegant country-seats, the most noted of which is the villa of George W. Childs, Esq., about one and one-half miles distant, and said to be one of the finest places in the vicinity of Philadelphia. Especially to be mentioned as among the attractions of the village is Bryn Mawr College, for the advanced education of women, which was endowed by the late Dr. Joseph W. Taylor, of Burlington, New Jersey, and opened for in- struction in 1885. Three elegant stone structures, called respectively "Taylor Hall," "Merion Hall," and "Radnor Hall," containing class- rooms and rooms for students, constitute the principal buildings of the institution, besides which there is a large and complete gymnasium for the use of students, besides residences for the professors, etc The grounds occupy forty acres, and the buildings are beautifully located about a half-mile from the railroad station. Bryn Mawr College is a school of the first rank. A half-mile from Bryn Mawr is Rosemont Station, three-fourths of a mile from which, on the Lancaster Pike, is the Hospital of the Good Shepherd, a Protestant Episcopal institution, where are received for treatment invalid children of from two to twelve years of age, without regard to creed or country. Eleven and nine-tenths miles from Broad Street, at the station of Villa Nova, is Villa Nova College and Monastery, a Roman Catholic institution, conducted by the Hermit Fathers of the Order of St. Augustine — with extensive grounds and commodious buildings. A farm of two hundred and thirty acres is attached to the Monastery, and worked by the lay brothers. On the College grounds, and fronting on the public road, is a beautiful new Gothic church of granite, with two towers surmounted by gilded crosses, — a conspicuous and attractive edifice. A short distance from Villa Nova is Upton Station, following which, thirteen miles from Broad Street, is the village of Radnor, rather straggling and unattractive at the railroad station, but, in common with other places in that section, having many beautiful country-seats in its environs. About a mile from Radnor is the station of St. David's, beyond which, fourteen and four-tenths miles from Broad Street (by railway measurement), is the beautiful borough of Wayne, one of the most attractive and rapidly- Villa Nova College. 230 PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. Wayne Borough. improving new places within the environs of Pliilaclelphia. Fine resi- dences, built with due regard to architectural beauty, are rapidly springing up in all sections of the commu- nity, and a strikingly attractive, Gothic, Protestant Episcopal Church, with parish buildings, is rapidly approaching com- pletion. There is also a Presbyterian Church, of variegated stone, be- sides two fine summer hotels, the Louella and Bellevue. The summer- home of the pupils of the Lincoln Institution (see Part I., Index) is located in this vicinity. About a mile from Wayne is Strafford Station, in the midst of an agricultural community, in which country-seats for city residents are here and there interspersed, and beyond Strafford is the locality known as Devon, principally celebrated for its fine summer hotel, the Devon Inn, a fashionable resort, having accommo- dations for over two hundred guests. Fine country-seats abound in this locality, and away a mile to the westward the steeples of the churches at Berwyn are visible. Two and one-half miles south of Devon is old St. David's Church, of ante-Revolutionary fame. The route of the Schuylkill Valley Division of the Pennsylvania Railroad System extends generally northward from Broad Street Station to outlying districts partly through territory untraversed by other railroads, and partly through Schuylkill Valley R. R. towns and villages whose railroad facilities are en- hanced by competing lines. For a short distance this route may be said to lie within the environs of Philadelphia. On leaving the Broad Street Station, for the first four miles the trains follow the tracks of the Main Line of the Pennsylvania Rail- road until Fifty-second Street Station is reached, when, diverging to the right, they take the track of the Schuylkill Valley Route proper, for Manayunk, Norristown, and intermediate places. About a half- mile from Fifty-second Street (and the first stopping place beyond) is Park Station, near which is that section of Fairmount Park known as George's Hill, one of the most attractive points in the Park, and from the summit of Avhich is obtained a fine view in the direction of the city. Just beyond Park station, on the right of the railroad, is the Children's Convalescent Hospital, a branch of the Children's Hospital at Twenty-second and Walnut Streets (see Index). This institution occupies a neat and un- pretentious stone building, open only in the summer and autumn months. It was first occupied in June, 1889. Here the convalescent children of the main hospital are taken for a few weeks of country Park Station. Christ Church Hospital. THE Pennsylvania's routes and stations. 231 air —the children all receiving the same kind attention, whether their parents are able to pay for it or not. At no great distance from the Convalescent Hospital stands the handsome Christ Church Hospital,— in reality a home for ladies, whether widows or spinsters,— connected with the Prot- estant Episcopal Church. This most excellent charity was founded in 1772 by Dr. John Kearsley, and further endowed, in 1804, by Joseph Dobbins, of South Caro- lina. The towers of the main building, "bosomed high in tufted trees," may be seen near the railway, and on the right hand as the train moves from Philadelphia. The present fine building was fin- ished and opened in 1857. Just beyond the Christ Church Hospital stands the Hayes Mechanics' Home, founded in 1858 by George Hayes, for the reception of disabled or aged and infirm American mechanics of good character. The Home is entirely non-sectarian, and any per- son^ who is a fit subject for its charity is admitted on the payment, by his friends or others, of a moderate fee. Connected with this Home is a substantial building for mechanical work, in which such of the inmates as are able to do any work can find such employment as may help them to pass a portion of their time. As the train nears the pretty suburban village of Bala (five and seven-tenths miles out), a passing ghmpse may be had of the beautiful Orphanage of the Methodist Episcopal Church, — a noble Methodist g^ij^ce of stone,— standing somewhat less than half a Episcopal ^.j^ ^j,Qj^ ^j^g railway track. The very praiseworthy Orphanage, ^i^^^^.^^y (j^es great credit to the heads and hearts of those who conceived it. The present building was first occupied in September, 1889, and receives both boys and girls. At the proper age the boys are sent away to suitable places in the country, chiefiy on farms. The village of Bala is one of the pleasantest and neatest of Philadelphia's newer suburbs. Its name, like those of many other places in the vicinity, is of Welsh origin, and forms one of the many traces of the large Welsh ele- ment among the early Quaker colonists. The village is well built, many of the residences being stone-built cottages of quaint architectural design. St. Asaph's Church (Protestant Episcopal), a costly and very beautiful structure, is one of the architectural fea- tures of the village. The railroad station at Bala stands in Mont- gomery County, but is very near the line of Philadelpiiia. Passing Cynwyd Station (a half-mile from Bala), the germ of what Bala Village. New York Division. 232 PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. promises to become, on account of its high and healthy situation, a favorite residence locaUty for city business-men, the route of the rail- road leads to the station of W^est Laurel Hill (seven miles from Broad Street), a cemetery covering one hundred and ten acres of ground, and one of the best-kept and most beautiful of the "cities of the dead" which are to be seen near the outskirts of the city. This cem- etery, also reached by the Reading Railroad (Pencoyd Station), or by carriage via Belmont Avenue, lies just outside the city limits, in Montgomery County. Leaving this station, the trains pass through Manayunk, Roxborough, and Conshohocken (elsewhere noticed, see Index), and so on to Norristown, Reading, Pottsville, and other im- portant cities in the interior of the State. Starting from Broad Street Station, the route of the New York Division of the Pennsylvania Railroad follows the tracks of the Main Line past Powelton Avenue (where nearly all the local trains stop), the Zoological Garden, two and six-tenths miles from Broad Street, being the first station belonging exclu- sively to that Division. Recrossing the Schuylkill River at this point, over what is known as the " Connecting Railroad Bridge'' (immediately adjoining that elegant carriage-way, the Girard Avenue Bridge), the devious course thus far pursued hy the trains is left behind, and a straight track, almost a " bee-line" for miles, is en- tered upon. Not far from the bridge, and three and one-half miles from Broad Street Station, is the flag-station of Engelside, a conven- ient stopj)ing-place for those visiting East Fairmount Park, the East Park Reservoir being in its immediate vicinity. A short distance beyond Engelside is Ridge Avenue Station (at Ridge Avenue on the line of Norris Street), followed by Twenty-second Street Station, on Twenty-second Street near Cumberland. Next is the important sta- I tion of Germantown Junction, near Broad and Cambria Streets (five and four-tenths miles from Broad Street Station), between which and Frankford, with their distances from Broad Street Station as indicated, are the stations of Eleventh Street (5.9 miles). North Penn Junction (6.7), Harrowgate (8.4), and Frankford Junction (9.0), where the Main Line of this division unites with the Kensington branch, w^hose initial station, Kensington Depot, is about three miles distant, and between which and Frankford Junction is the flag-station of Tioga Street. This station is about two miles from Kensington. Nine and six-tenths miles from Broad Street is Frankford Station, not far from which, at the corner of Penn and Germantown Junction. THE Pennsylvania's routes and stations. 233 Pine Streets, stands St. Joachim's Church (Roman Catholic) a large and very beautiful stone Gothic edifice, with a noble interior. Near it is a large parochial school building. Tlie Seventh United Presbyterian Church, corner of Leiper and Orthodox Streets, is a small and neat Gothic building of dark stone, with brick trimmings. Leiper Street, on which it stands, is bordered by costly residences in the modern style. The Central Methodist Episcopal Church, corner of Orthodox and Franklin Streets, is a large and plain stone structure of Roman- esque design. The Frankford Avenue Methodist Episcopal Church, corner of Foulkrod Street, is an unfinished stone building, of which the transept serves as a place of worship. The Hermon Presbyterian Church, corner of Frankford Avenue and Harrison Street, is a large stone building of handsome outlines. (See also Frankford, Dis- trict OF, Part I., Index.) About a mile from Frankford is Brides- burg Station (see Bridesburg District and Arse-nal, Part I., Index), following which, at brief intervals, are the stations of Fitler's, Wissinoming, Unruh Street, and Tacony, the last named being twelve miles from Broad Street Station. A mile from Tacony is Holmesburg Junction, from which a branch road leads to the following stations (with tlie distances as indicated from Broad Street) : Holmesburg (13.7 miles), Rowland's (14.8), Ashton's (15.4), Blue Grass (16.3), Bustle- ton (17.3). On the main line the stations which follow Holmesburg Junction, with their distances from Broad Street, are Penny pack (14.1 miles), Pierson's (15.0), Torresdale (15.8), Borie's (16.8), Andalusia (17.7), Cornwell's (18.1), Eddington (19.3), Schenck's (20.5), Bristol (at Bristol borough, 23.4). In common with the principal lines of the Pennsylvania System, the German town and Chestnut Hill Branch starts from Broad Street Station, and, after following the tracks of the New York Division to Germantown Junction, by a skilful feat of engineering it changes its course to the north-west and, recrossing on an elevated road-bed the Reading's Ger- mantown Branch and the several streets in its way, assumes a course to Chestnut Hill through the western outskirts of Germantown — generally parallel to Germantown Avenue (now usu- ally called " Main Street") and at distances from the latter, varying at different points, of from half a mile to a mile. Nearly a mile from Germantown Junction, on the edge of the village of Tioga (see Part I., Index), and six and two-tenths miles from Broad Street Station, is the neat station of Westmoreland, at Twenty-second and Westmore- To Germantown and Chestnut Hill. Queen Lane Station. Chelten Avenue Station. 234 PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. land streets, beyond which, about a mile distant, is Cricket Station, near the grounds of the Germantown Cricket Club, at Nicetown, where some trains are privileged to stop. Nicetown Station, on the Reading Railroad, is also near these cricket grounds. One and four- tenths miles from Westmoreland, and seven and six-tenths miles from Broad Street, at the intersection of Queen Lane and Wissahickon Avenue (formerly known as Township Line Road) is Queen Lane Station, a short distance south of which is the junction of Manheim Street and Wissahickon Avenue, a locality noted for its fine country-seats. On Manheim Street, at the corner of Pulaski Avenue, is the neat, Gothic, Protestant Episcopal Calvary Church, surrounded by comfortable dwellings, some of them of considerable elegance. Six-tenths of a mile from Queen Lane Station, and eight and two- tenths miles from Broad Street, is Chelten Avenue Station, the centre, perhaps, of the finest residence section of Germantown, environed on the one hand (in the direction of Main Street — a half-mile distant) by built-up streets, and on the other hand hj villas of millionaires, with spacious, well-kept, shaded grounds, the proprietors of which are estimated to represent an aggregate capital of from sixty to seventy millions of dollars. At the corner of Chelten and Wissahickon Avenues, situ- ated just far enough from the railroad to escape tlie annoyance of passing trains, is the elegant residence of G. Ralston Ayres, Esq., built of pointed stone, rock-finished, in a modern stjde of architec- ture, and perfect in its interior appointments. A fine lawn surrounds this mansion, and from this point the view embraces a stretch of landscape miles away across the Wissahickon valley to Roxborough heights and beyond. This residence was erected under the superin- tendence of Messrs. Hazlehurst & Huckel, Architects. Near Chelten Station, and parallel with the Avenue, passes School Lane, extending from Main Street to near the Schuylkill River, a distance of perhaps two miles, and lined through nearly its entire length with fine residences, some of them unsurpassed in attractive- ness by any within the environs of Philadelphia. On this Lane, near Main Street, is the venerable Germantow^n Academy, erected in 1760-61, "for the purpose of an English and High Dutch or German School," one of the oldest institutions of the kind in the city. At Chelten Avenue and Green Street is the attractive Unitarian Church of Germantown, and on the former, near Main Street, is the hand- > 02 H O w CO f o o W Q w 1^ H tei ;> !z! w H o o H a Tulpehocken Station. 236 PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. some First Presbyterian Cliurch (see Part I., Index). On Coulter Street, at the corner of Green, are the grounds of tlie Orthodox Friends' Meeting-House and Scliool, and on the same street, near Wayne, is the Enon Baptist Church. Near here, on Main Street, is Market Square, already alhided to (see Part I., Index), with its attractive surroundings. About a lialf-mile north of Clielten Avenue is Tulpehocken Station, finely situated at the foot of a street of the same name — a beautiful, well-shaded avenue, lined with handsome semi-rural residences. On this street, at the corner of Green Street, is the Second Presbyterian Church of Germantown, and near Adams Street is the Protestant Episcopal Christ Church. Nea,rly abreast with Tulpehocken Station is Walnut Lane Station, on the Reading Railroad, about a mile and a quarter distant. Six-tenths of a mile from Tulpehocken Station, at the corner of Green and Upsal Streets, is Upsal Station, in the imniediate vicinity of which are neat modern residences in the Queen Anne style of architecture, with handsome country-seats round about. Six-tenths of a mile beyond Upsal is Carpenter Station, at the foot of Carpenter Street, a half-mile from Main Street, and in the immediate vicinity of which is the Lutheran Orphans* Home and Asylum for the Aged and Infirm, else- where noticed (see Part L, Index). Bounded by this street, on the north, is the well-iknown Carpenter Homestead, noted for the extent, of its grounds and its growth of native and exotic plants and trees. A half-mile from Carpenter is Allen Lane Station, situated in a rather broken country on Allen's Lane, a cross-country road leading from Main Street, at Mount Airy (where stands the Lutheran Theological Seminary, which is convenient to this station), to the Wissahickon and beyond. Mount Airy Station on the Reading Railroad is oppo- site Allen Lane. Seven-tenths of a mile from Allen Lane, and just eleven miles from Broad Street Station, by railroad measurement, is the station of Wissahickon Heights, near which is the noted Wissahickon Inn, a fashionable summer hotel, much patronized in "the season" by the elite of Phila- delphia, of whom several hundreds at a time are wont to find accom- modations here. Almost at the station is the elegant new Church of St. Martin-in-the-Fields (Protestant Episcopal), of pointed stone, rock- finished, with its parish buildings of the same material ; and in the immediate vicinity are fine country-seats, conspicuous among which is the residence of Henry D. Welsh, Esq., President of this branch Wissahickon Heights. Chestnut Hill. THE Pennsylvania's routes and stations. 237 of the Pennsylvania Railroad. About midway between Wissahickon Heights and Chestnut Hill (one mile away) is Highland Station, near which commodious residences are rapidly being erected, and beyond which, just twelve miles from Broad Street Station, is the terminal station at.Chestnut Hill, whose immediate surroundings jiossess little to attract, but whose remoter environment is hardly surpassed in beauty by any other of the suburban sections of the city. Indeed, for many years the very name of Chestnut Hill has been to Philadelphians a sjmonyme for whatever is attractive in a community of country homes. Elegant residences stand upon the high-lying grounds and slopes of Chest- nut Hill, from which beautiful prospects of surrounding valleys and heights beyond meet the eye in everj^ direction. Here are churches of various denominations and educational establishments, among the latter being Mount St. Joseph's Academy for Young Ladies, under the care of the Sisters of St. Joseph, whose large convent is attached to the School — a spacious and elegant structure, surrounded by forty acres of gardens and j)lay-grounds. Here, also, convenient to the stations on the Reading Railroad, is the Home for Consumptives, erected by the Protestant Episcopal City Mission, on grounds donated for that purpose by William Bucknell, Esq. ; and here, near Wynd- moor Station, is the Bethesda Children's Christian Home, a most meri- torious charity which, from its small beginnings of thirty years or more ago, has grow^n to occupy four houses, where are cared for some two hundred little inmates of either sex. The trains of the Pennsylvania Railroad, going southward from Broad Street Station, leave the track of the Main Line immediately upon crossing the bridge which spans the Schuylkill River, and, passing under Market and Chestnut Streets through a tunnel, follow for a short distance the course of the river, the route of the Philadelphia, Wilmington and Baltimore Branch afterwards keeping nearest the stream and the West Chester Branch pursuing a course farther inland. Common to both of these routes is the station at South Street (one and seven-tenths miles from Broad Street Station), but near this point the lines separate, the one taking its course to Wilmington, the other to West Chester via Media. Three and one-tenth miles from Broad Street, on the Wilmington route, is Gray's Ferry Station, near which is the Home for Incurables, and convenient to which, at Fiftieth Street and Woodlands Avenue, is the Divinity School of the Protestant Episcopal Church (see Part I., 15 The Routes Southward. 238 PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. Index). Eight-tenths of a mile beyond is Fifty-eighth Street Station, near which are the Presbyterian Home for Women and the Presbyterian Orphanage, and following which, at an interval of a half-mile, is the station of Mount Moriah (four and four-tenths miles from Broad Street), named from the well-known Mount Moriah Cemetery, located in this vicinity. Beyond Mount Moriah, at intervals of about a half-mile, are stations named Bonnaffon, at Sixty-seventh Street, and Paschall, at Seventy-second Street, the latter being the station for Paschalville, a not unattractive locality, occupying an elevated plateau-like site on the extreme edge of Philadelphia. Following Paschall Station, and six and one-tenth miles from Broad Street, is Darby Station, on the outskirts of the ancient borough of that name, which lies beyond Cobb's Creek,— the dividing line between Philadelphia and Delaware Counties. A station called Academy, about a mile beyond Darby, marks the site of the Convent of the Holy Child Jesus, on the outskirts of the village of Sharon Hill,— an attractive place whose neat station is surrounded in all directions by bright, cheerful residences. Beyond Sharon Hill, at a distance from each other of about a half-mile, fol- low consecutively the stations of Folcroft, Glenolden, Norwood, and Moore, each a central point for its owai locality, but all so connected with each other by surrounding improvements as to be only different stations in an almost continuous village. Nearly a mile from the last named (Moore), and ten and four-tenths miles from Broad Street (by railroad measurement), is the attractive village of Ridley Park, one of the prettiest and best-known residence vil- lages in that section. Eight-tenths of a mile beyond Ridley Park is the station of Crum Lynne, about a mile distant from wdiich is Eddystone, a station in the suburbs of the city of Chester, the prin- cipal station of which is, by this route, thirteen and one-half miles from Broad Street Station. Beyond Chester the chief local stations, with their distances from Broad Street, are Lamokin (14.4 miles), Thurlow (15.5), Trainer (16.3), Linwood (17.1), Claymont (18.9), Grubb's Landing (20.3), Holly Oak (21.2), Bellevue (22.2), Riverside (23.0), Edge- moor (24.0), Landith (25.5), Wilmington (26.8). Starting at Broad Street Station of the Pennsylvania Railroad, the To Media ^'^"^^ *^ Media, West Chester, and beyond, officially and Wes^ known as the Central Division of the Philadelphia, Ch Wilmington and Baltimore Railroad, runs southward along the west bank of the Schuylkill River in close proximity to the Wilmington Railroad, until Woodlands Cemetery is THE Pennsylvania's routes and stations. 239 passed, when, diverging to the right hand, it takes an independent course to the points named, its first station (after South Street) being Forty- second Street, two and six-tenths miles from Broad Street Sta- tion. Following Forty-second Street Station are stations within the city limits at Forty-ninth Street and at Angora, the latter being four and one-half miles from Broad Street, and so called from the old-time name of the locality (long famous for its manufactures) in which it is situated. A mile from Angora, and five and one-half miles from Broad Street Station, is the pleasant village of Fernwood, in the edge of Delaware County (with an extensive cemetery near the station), beyond which are located, with the distances as indicated from Broad Street, stations named Lansdowne (6.3 miles, in the midst of a thriving village of the same name), Burmont (7.0, formerly Kellyville), Clifton (7.6, at Clifton Heights, an enterprising borough), Primos (8.1, for- merly Oak Lane, where is a celebrated Insane Asylum and Reforma- tory), Secane (8.9, formerly Spring Hill, a village of beautiful cottages), and Morton (10.0, a pleasant village with some fine residences). A mile and three-tenths beyond Morton, and eleven and three-tenths miles from Broad Street Station, is Swarthmore, noted as the seat of Swarthmore College, the principal educational establishment in the United States of the Hicksite branch of the Society of Friends. This institution occupies a tract of land of two hundred and forty acres, one-half of which is devoted to lawns and pleasure-grounds. Students of either sex are admitted. The principal college buildings are mas- sive structures of stone. Other buildings, all of stone, are the Science Hall, the astronomical observatory, and houses for the families of the professors, one of whom occupies the historic West House, where the painter, Benjamin West, was born. About a mile from Swarth- more is Wallingford Station, surrounded by fine country-seats of wealth}^ Philadelphians, some of whom, on their highly-cultivated farms, make a specialty of breeding fancy stock and blooded horses, and Nine-tenths of a mile from Wallingford is Moylan Station, formerly known as Manchester. About an equal distance beyond Moylan, and fourteen miles (by railroad measurement) from Broad Street Station, is the pretty borough of Media, the county-seat of Delaware County, situated three hundred and seventy feet above tide-water, on the i^lateau-like water-shed between Ridlej^ Creek, on the west, and Crum Creek, on the east. The vicinity of Media pre- sents mountain scenery on a small scale, and is very much admired. Media Borough. 240 PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. while the high and healthy location, the pure air, and the wild roads along the wooded streams, suggestive of pleasure-driving, combine to All the town with summer visitors from the neighboring city. Here, in the midst of an environment such as is enjoyed by few suburban localities, has sprung up from that modest germ, " the store, tavern, and two or three farm-houses," which forty years ago constituted "the town," a populous borough (of perhaps four thousand or more inhabitants) which possesses in abundance, within its limits, the requisites, both public and private, for the needs of an enterprising and prosperous conmiunity. Twenty-four trains pass over the rail- road each way daily, between this place and Philadelphia, making their trips in about thirty minutes to Broad Street Station, thus bringing the citizens of the borough nearer the centre of the city, in point of time, than are the inhabitants of the outlying wards of the latter, if dependent upon the local "rapid transit" of the horse- or cable-cars. Chief among the public institutions of Media is a spacious court-house, a large and substantial structure, built of stone and brick, the first story being fire-proof. It is eighty-two feet by fifty, with two wings, each thirty-eight feet square. The court-room, about sixty feet by forty-six, is in the second story. It is approached by two iron stairways in front and a wooden one in the rear, all leading from the interior of the first story. This story contains the offices of the Pro- thonotary and Clerk of the Criminal Court, the Register and Clerk of the Orphans' Court, the Recorder of Deeds, the Sheriff, the County Treasurer, the Commissioners and Superintendent of Common Schools. The building is erected in the middle of a rectangle, five hundred feet by two hundred and forty, surrounded by streets. It is enclosed by an iron fence, and is beautifully ornamented with shade and forest trees, many of them of rare varieties. The court-house square con- tains no other buildings. The prison is situated across the street from it, and is a substantial building adapted to the Pennsylvania system of solitary confinement. Two National Banks afford financial accom- modations to the inhabitants of the borough and vicinity, while gas and electric lights, from the plants of private companies, and water, raised from Ridley Creek, by the borough works, are supplied in abundance to the public. A stringent section of the charter of Media provides "That it shall not be lawful for any person or persons to vend or sell vinous, spiritu- ous, or other intoxicating liquors within the limits of said borough, except for medicinal purposes or for use in the arts ; and it shall not THE Pennsylvania's routes and stations. 241 be lawful for the Court of Quarter Sessions to grant any license or licenses therefor to any inn or tavern within said borough. If any person or persons shall, witliin said borough, vend or sell, or cause to be vended or sold, any vinous, spirituous, or other intoxicating liquors to any person (except as provided in this section), such person or per- sons so vending or selling shall be liable to indictment, and on con- viction thereof shall forfeit and pay for such offence a sum not less than twenty nor more than one hundred dollars, at the discretion of the court; Provided, That it may be lawful for the Court of Quarter Sessions of said county to license inns or taverns in said borough, without permission to vend or sell intoxicating drinks : And pro- vided, Such license may be granted without the publication of any previous notice, as is required for other taverns." Says a recent writer, speaking about countrj^ life, "To be conven- ient to churches and schools is the first requisite with those wdio wish to live in the countr}-. They want, . . . above all, houses of worship and institutions at which educational advantages are of the best." Eight Media churches, of as many different denominations, combine to satisf}^ the religious part of this requirement, embracing one Epis- copal, one Methodist, one African Methodist, one Presbyterian, one Roman Catholic, one Baptist, and tv/o Friends' Meeting-Houses. Be- sides these buildings, there are others of a quasi public character, — the buildings owned and occupied by the First National Bank of Media, the Delaware County Institute of Science, the Delaware Countj^ Mu- tual Insurance Company, the Charter House, Gleave Hall, Brodhead's Hall, and other buildings, — all substantial structures adapted to use rather than ornament. In the educational way, in addition to the excellent public-school system of which it boasts, it is claimed that a capital of more than $100,000 is invested in private educational institutions. Prominent among these latter is the well-known Brooke Hall Seminary for Girls and Young Ladies, founded more than a score and a half years ago by that distinguished educator. Miss Maria L. Eastman, under the auspices of the late Bishop Alonzo Potter, of the Diocese of Pennsylvania, whose interest, mani- fested by his constant care and patronage, until his death, was hap- pily succeeded by the same watchful oversight on the part of the late Bishop Stevens during his official life, and is now continued by the Rt. Rev. Dr. Whitaker, the present Bishop of the Diocese. In 1889 the management of Brooke Hall passed into the hands of Mrs. Brooke Hall Seminary. ■'Iff P5 — ^ o m P^ 'i' hf 'III !l W 1 1 H 'i If M V o o « \ w Shortlidge Media Academy. THE Pennsylvania's routes and stations. 243 Swithin C. Shortlidge, who, with comiDetent assistants, some of whom — both ill tlie Classical, English, and Scientific Departments — are college graduates, is now conducting the school with marked abilit3^ The Seminary building is a four-story, commodious structure, con- taining all modern conveniences, arranged in strict accordance with correct laws of health, comfort, and refinement. The recitation- and study-rooms are large and cheerful, and the sleeping-apartments, each occupied by but two pupils, present all the attractions of home comfort. The grounds are extensive, well shaded, and artistically arranged, with flowers, shrubbery, walks, and drives. Another educational institution of note, younger than Brooke Hall Seminary, but equally well known for its characteristic efficiency, is the Shortlidge Media Academy, which was founded in 1875 by Swithin C. Shortlidge, and has its accommoda- tions in two large buildings known as the Main Build- ing (one hundred by fifty feet in extent) and the Oayley Annex^ — the aim of the institution being to fit boys and yonng men for business, -for college or polytechnic school, for West Point, or for Annapolis. The School has a good library and also a chemical and physical laboratory well supplied with apparatus. The instructors are graduates of Yale, Harvard, and other colleges. There are ample grounds for foot-ball, base-ball, and other athletic sx^orts. The Acad- emy has also a well-equipped gymnasium. Taken altogether, the borough of Media may be considered one of the most desirable places of residence in Eastern Pennsylvania, and the rapid increase of fine, substantial dwellings shows that its advan- tages are becoming known and appreciated. One inile from Media, towards West Chester, and fifteen miles from Philadelphia, is Elwyn Station (where are the Delaware County Fair Grounds), and three-fourths of a mile beyond Elwyn, at the station of Williamson (in posse), is the site — embracing several hun- dred acres of ground — of the Williamson Free School of Mechanical Trades, endowed by the late I. V. William- son, a wealthy citizen of Philadelphia. Other stations on this line, with their distances from Philadelphia, are Glen Riddle (16.6 miles), Lenni (17.3), Wawa (18.0), Darlington (18.7), Glen Mills (20.3), Cheyney (22.4), Westtown (23.9, near w^hich is the celebrated Friends' Boarding-School), Oakbourne (25.4), and West Chester (27.4). Williamson Mechanical School. Baltimore and Ohio R. R. Line. 244 PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. It is worthy of note that the route of the local division of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, whose initial station is at Twentj^- fourth and Chestnut Streets (see Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Station, Index), runs almost parallel with and in close proximity to the main line of the Philadel- phia, Wilmington and Baltimore Railroad, both routes in several instances having stations in the same village, though gen- erally designated bj^ different names. On the east bank of the Schuylkill River, at the bridge, one and nine-tenths miles from Chestnut Street, is East Side Station, on the opposite side of the liver from which is the Philadelphia and Reading Junction (where the Balti- more and Ohio intersects an old branch of the Reading), corresx)ond- ing with the "Gray's Ferry Station" on the Wilmington Railroad. Nine-tenths of a mile beyond is Sixtieth Street Station, not far from the " Fifty-eighth Street Station" on the Wilmington Railroad, and a very short distance beyond is Mount Moriah Station (very near Mount Moriah Cemetery), a name common to both roads. At Paschal ville is Seventieth Street Station, seven-tenths of a mile from which, and four and eight-tenths miles from Twenty-fourth and Chestnut Streets, is the station of Darby, in the borough of that name. Beyond Darby Station (four-tenths of a mile) is Boone Station, following which, in the outskirts of Sharon Hill, six miles from Twenty-fourth and Chestnut Streets, is the station of Collingdale. About three-fourths of a mile from Collingdale are the stations of Okeola and Llanwellyn, in close proximity, the stations of Holmes, Folsom (opposite " Moore"), and Ridley (the last named cor- responding to "Ridley Park" on the Wilmington Railroad), following consecutively, at distances of about a mile from each other. Nearly a mile from Ridley, and abreast of " Crum Lynne" on the Wilming- ton Railroad, is the station of Fairview, beyond which, one and four- tenths miles, and eleven and nine-tenths miles from the initial station in Philadelphia, is the station at the city of Chester. Ten stations on the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad inter- vene between Chester and Wilmington, their names, and their distances from the former, being as follows : Upland (0.8 of a mile), Felton (2.2), Village Green (3.6), Boothwyn (4.6), Ogden (5.3), Carpenter (6.3), Harvey (7.6), Silver Side (8.5), Carrcroft (9.7), Concord (12.0), following which is the station at the city of Wilmington, thirteen and two-tenths miles from Chester (by railroad measurement) and twenty-five and one-tenth miles from Philadelphia. Collingdale (Sharon Hill). City of Chester. Ill* XXVII. Naval Asylum and Vicinity. Pleasantly situated on the east bank of the Schuylkill River, at Bainbridge Street and Gray's Ferry Road, perhaps a mile and a half j^ south-west of the City Hall, is the United States Naval Asvlum Asylum, a home for those retired man-of-war's men whose term of service (twenty years) entitle them to admission. The principal buildings of the Asylum are a main edifice (called the "Home"), a commodious residence for the governor of the Asylum, and a surgeon's residence,— the Home consisting of a centre building with wings at either hand, and having an entire length of three hundred and eighty feet, with accommodations for about three hundred people. On the front a flight of marble steps leads to the main entrance, where is a handsome portico of eight Ionic columns support- ing a i)ediment. In the centre building of the Home are the chapel, opposite the entrance, and other general apartments, the rooms of the residents being in the wings, each lodger occupying a separate room, for the order of which he is responsible. A new extension on the rear is intended for rooms for the attendants. The wings are sym- metrical, and terminate in pavilions, or transverse buildings, at each end furnished with broad covered verandas on each of the two main floors. A fine attic and basement complete the building, which is most substantially constructed in every part. The marble staircases are especially noticeable for their ingenious construction and economy of space. The ceilings of two floors are vaulted in solid masonry, and the room used as a muster-room and chapel is a remarkabl^^ high- domed apartment. This institution is, in the true sense of the word, an asylum, — a place of rest and recuperation for "decrepit and dis- abled naval officers, seamen, and marines." Within the well-kept grounds of the Asylum, about twenty-flve acres in extent, is also a government Naval Hospital, a fine building of brick, with brown- Naval ^tone trimmings, having accommodations for some Hospital three hundred and fifty patients, and where members of the naval service of all degrees of rank, whether be- longing to this asylum or sent here from other stations, are admitted. 24G Schuylkill Arsenal. NAVAL ASYLUM AND VICINITY. 247 These institutions are conveniently reached by the cars which run out Pine or South Street, and from tlie vicinity of Fairmount the Spruce Street cars for Gray's Ferry Bridge pass the grounds. A short distance beyond the Naval Asylum, also on Gray's Ferry Road, surrounded by high walls of brick and stone, are the grounds of the Schuylkill Arsenal, an old-time establishment, once, perhaps, an arsenal proper^ but now little more than a huge government clothing manufactory — giv- ing employment to hundreds of operatives at their homes in making up army clothing. The grounds of the arsenal (about eight acres) are well laid out and shaded, the buildings are i)lain, the principal ones being arranged around a circular plot,— one of them, known as the museum, containing a curious collection of wax figures dressed to represent the uniforms of the United States army at various iDcriods. Beyond the Arsenal, on Gray's Ferry Road, near where that thor- oughfare reaches the bridge across the Schuylkill River, are located extensive industrial establishments, principally devoted to the manu- facture of paints, chemicals, and kindred products, the chief among which are the works of Harrison Brothers & Co., whose specialties are paints, acids, etc., and the Kalion Chemical Company, extensive manu- facturers of glycerine products. Nearly opposite to the entrance to the Naval Asylum, on Gray's Ferry Road, is in course of erection the Roman Catholic Church of St. Anthony of Padua, a handsome structure in the Romanesque style of architecture, built of Avondale marble (a kind of lime-stone), sixty feet by one hundred and forty-two in extent, with a seating capacity of about one thousand. Its plan includes a tower nineteen feet square, with a height of one hundred and forty feet. Its architect is Frank R. Watson. About a square distant, at Twenty-second and Bainbridge Streets, is the popular Bethany Presbyterian Church estab- lishment, of wonderful growth, which, from its incipi- ency some three decades ago, has come to number about twelve hundred members in its communion, with a Sunday-school of two thousand seven hundred scholars. The church, built of Trenton brown-stone, has a front of one hundred and twelve feet on Bainbridge Street with a depth of one hundred and eighty-five feet and a capacity for seating two thousand persons. Adjoining the church, with fronts on Tw^enty-second, Bainbridge, and Pemberton Streets, is the noted Sunday-school building, of brown-stone, wdth blue-stone trimmings, a Gothic structure one hundred and thirty- Bethany Church. 248 PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. eight by one hundred and eighty-five feet in extent, and having within its walls a series of class-rooms, lecture-roon:is, chapels, and other apartments. Connected with this establishment are also vari- ous secular institutions, — an evening college for the pursuit of the ordinary branches of education, a dispensary with medical attend- ants attached, a chartered penny saving fund, etc. Bethany Church is conveniently reached by the cars on Pine and on South Streets, which run to its immediate neighborhood, and by the Spruce and Pine Street cars from Fairmount down Twenty-third Street, some of which run to Gray's Ferry Bridge, passing near the church. Ex- change tickets are issued by some other lines connecting with these, making it easy to reach that section of the city. A short distance from Bethany Church, at Twenty-third and Lombard Streets, is the Pitman Methodist Episcopal Church, a plain brick structure ; and the territory immediately to the eastward abounds with churches, gen- erally surrounded with neat, inexpensive residences. At Twenty-first and Christian Streets stands the Protestant Episcopal Church of the Holy Apostles, a Gothic brown-stone structure festooned with ivy, adjoining which are fine parish-school and Sunday-school buildings, also of brown-stone, the latter being enclosed in the church grounds. A square east, at Twentieth and Christian Streets, is the Roman Catholic Church of St. Charles Borromeo, a massive brown-stone building of an impressive style of architecture, having a neat pastoral residence of brick connected with it, in the rear of which, on Mont- rose Street, is a large parish school-room, with a brown-stone front and granite trimmings. At Twentietli and Fitzvv^ater Streets stands the South- Western Presbyterian Church, a plain brick building, and at Nineteenth and Fitzwater Streets is the Fourth United Presbyterian Church, a massive brown-stone edifice with stained-glass windows. A square from the latter, at Nineteenth and Catharine Streets, is the site of the new Fourth Reformed Presbyterian Church, a Gothic, granite building in the form of an amphitheatre, to be surmounted by a tower about one hundred and fifty feet high. Connected with the church is a Sunday-school building of ample dimensions, the apartments of the two buildings being so arranged as to be thrown into one if required. The architects are Messrs. Hazlehurst & Huckel. At Eighteenth and Christian Streets is the Tabor Presbyterian Church, a brown-stone Gothic structure with a slate roof and stained-glass windows, and at Seventeenth and Bainbridge Streets is the First Reformed Presby- terian Church, of serpentine stone. Ferry Lines to Camden. XXVIII. To Camden and Beyond. Sevehad lilies of Ferries, operated for the most part as terminals to railroads that converge at Camden, connect that city with Phila- delphia, the principal lines, commencing on the north, being the Shackamaxon Ferry, which plies between Shackamaxon Street, Kensington, and Vine Street, Camden (where is located the Camden and Atlantic City Railroad Station) ; the Vine Street Ferry, running from Vine Street, Philadel- phia, to Vine Street, Camden ; the Market Street and Federal Street Ferries, running from Market Street, Philadelphia, respectively, to Market Street and Federal Street, Camden (the latter connecting with the New Jersey branches of the Pennsylvania Railroad) ; and the Reading Railroad Company's Ferries, from their stations near Chestnut Street and South Street wharves (See Part I., Index), to Kaighn's Point, Camden (opposite Wharton Street, Philadelphia), wliere con- nection is made with trains for Atlantic City and other New Jersey points. There is also a Gloucester Ferry, from South Street wharf to Gloucester, New Jersey, a distance of about three miles. Though still, to a considerable extent, a city of residences for par- ties doing business in Philadelphia, the increasing manufactures of Camden are rapidly changiug its character to that of an extensive industrial city, its favorable location, bounded on the one side by the navigable Delaware and on- the others by practically limitless, avail- able territory for building-sites, rendering the place iDcculiarly well adapted to manufacturing purposes. Among its numerous industrial establishments are extensive nickel smelting-works, chemical works, ship-building 3^ards, iron-works, machine shops, dye-works, and manufac- tures of woollen, glass, oil-cloths, soaps, steel pens, etc. Its public institutions comprise a fine new Court-House, a City Hall a Hospital (called the Cooper Hospital, from the name of its founder). Children's Homes, for both white and colored children (the latter under the care of members of the Society of Friends), numerous Churches, and three National Banks. 249 Industries of Camden. Public Institutions 250 PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. Horse-railroads traverse the streets of the city, and froni the ferry- landings steam railroad-lines extend into the country in several direc- tions, the most important being the sea-shore routes, whose patrons to the various points on the New Jersey Coast are numbered, in the sea- son, by the tens of thousands. Within the limits of Camden, seven-tenths of a mile from the station at Federal Street wharves, and common to all the lines start- ing at that point, is the station at Haddon Avenue, beyond which, to the north about one and a half miles, on what are popularly known as the Burlington and Merchantville branches of the Amboy Division of the Pennsylvania Railroad, is the thriving village of Pavonia, where are the railroad shops and the water-works of the city of Cam- den. Seven-tenths of a mile from Pavonia, on the Burlington Rail- road, is Beideman's Station, where some trains are privileged to stop, a mile beyond which is Fish-House Station, a resort, as its name indi- cates, of those given to piscatorial sports. The neat, new village of Delair, about a half-mile from the Fish-House, and four and eight- tenths miles from the initial station in Camden, is a pretty collection of homes, with well-laid-out streets. About a mile from Delair is the unimportant station of Morris, beyond which is the thriving village of Palmyra, with its two stations. West Palmyra and Palmyra, respec- tively seven and seven and one-half miles from Camden. This village exhibits an exceptionally rapid growth, has three churches (Baptist, Episcopal, and Methodist), public water-works, supplied from the Delaware River, while its hundred houses of less than ten years ago have now increased to more than four times that number. Adjoining Palmyra, and eight and two-tenths miles from Camden, is the pretty village of Riverton, a locality known for its fine resi- dences and for such appurtenances as belong to a community of wealth and culture. The beautiful Christ Church (Protestant Epis- copal) is among the chief architectural attractions of the place, besides which there is a Presbyterian Church of plainer style. At a pier on its beautiful river-front is stationed a Government light, and here the steaixiboats, plying between Philadelphia and Bristol, call regularly. Here also are the head-quarters of the Riverton Yacht Club, a noted aquatic institution of more than local membershijD, besides which a fine base-ball field gives accommodation to base-ball and foot-ball clubs. Among the principal industrial establishments of the place is the extensive nursery and seed-farm of Henry A. Dreer, covering many acres and ranking among the first in the country for the culti- TO CAMDEN AND BEYOND. 251 vatioii of palms, forii.s, roses, and ornamental plants generally. The appliances embrace some thirty-five hot-houses, requiring boilers for steam-heating of over two hundred horse-power. The concern is only five minutes' walk from the station or steamboat landing, and is well wortli a visit. Above Riverton, at distances respectively of one and eight-tenths and two and six-tenths miles, are the unimportant sta- tions of Taylor and Cambridge, beyond which, eleven and six-tenths miles from Camden, at the mouth of the Rancocas River, is the village of Riverside, where considerable manufacturing is carried on. Bix- tenths of a mile from Riverside, on the bank of the Delaware, is the pretty town of Delanco, above which, four-tenths of a mile, is the sta- tion of Perkins, which intervenes between Delanco and Beverly, — the latter a thriving city fourteen and one-half miles from Camden. About a mile from Beverly is the station of Edgewater Park (a pretty locality of residences), beyond which, two and three-tenths miles, and seventeen and six-tenths miles from Camden, is the city of Burlington. Above Burlington are the borough of Bordentown and the city of Trenton, respectively seventeen and seven-tenths and thirty-three nailes distant from Camden. Another branch of this division, starting from the same initial station (Federal Street, Camden), follows the track of the Burlington route, stopping at Haddon Avenue and the flag-stations Cooper's Creek and State Street (the last two respectively one and five-tenths and one and nine-tenths miles from Federal Street Station), until after passing Pavonia it diverges to the right, taking a course almost due east to Sea-side Park, on the sea-shore, a distance of fifty-eight and three-tenths miles from Camden. Three miles from Camden is the station of Dudley, beyond which, three-tenths of a mile, is the stopping-place of Toll -Gate Road, followed by the station of Well- wood, four and one-tenth miles from Camden. Five and six-tenths miles from Philadelphia is the pretty borough of Merchantville, with several hundred inhabitants, a high-lying locality, and principally a place of residence for persons in business in Philadelphia. About a mile beyond Merchantville is the village of Pensauken, near which is •the Merchantville Race-Course, and following which are the stations of Maple Shade, one and six-tenths miles distant, and Wilson, about a mile beyond. The fine, old-time borough of Moorestown, with its several churches and meeting-houses, and its two stations of West Moorestown and East Moorestown, — respectively ten and eight-tenths and eleven and four-tenths miles from Philadelx3hra, — is among the 252 PHILADELPHIA AND ITS ENVIRONS. most attractive towns of that section. Almost adjoining East Moores- town is tlie rapidly-increasing village of Stanwick, twelve miles from Philadelphia, and about two miles beyond is Hartford Station, followed by Masonville, one and three-tenths miles distant. Two and four- tenths miles from the latter, on the Rancocas, is the considerable village of Hainesport, beyond which, nineteen and seven-tenths miles (by railroad measurement) from Philadelphia, is the thriving town of Mount Holly, the county-seat of Burlington County. Prominent among the places of interest in the vicinity of Camden may be mentioned the pretty borough of Haddonfield, on the Camden and Atlantic Railroad, six and eight-tenths miles from Philadelphia, — noted rather as an attractive place of residence than for its business activity. Another place equally wortliy of note is tlie city of Wood- bury, on the AVest Jersey Railroad, eight and three-tenths miles southward from Camden, the manufacturing city of Gloucester, three and seven-tenths miles from the latter, on the same railroad, and on the Gloucester branch of the Reading's Atlantic City line, inter- vening between the two i^laces. More remote from Camden, on both the Camden and Atlantic Railroad and the Reading's Atlantic City line (thirty and four-tenths miles by the former and twenty-seven miles by the latter), is the thriving town of Hammonton, famous for its fruit-growing industry. Beyond Hammonton, eleven miles by either route, is the city of Egg Harbor, noted for its manufacture of native wines, which have attained a wide celebrity. Fourteen and a half miles from Egg Harbor, at the terminus of the Camden and Atlantic Railroad, the Reading's Atlantic City branch, and a branch of the West Jersey Railroad, is the watering-place of Atlantic City, about fifty-five miles by the shortest route from Philadelphia. Other places in southern New Jersey of considerable local impor- tance, and closely connected with Philadelphia. by excellent railroad facilities, are the town of Vineland, on the Cape May route of the West Jersey Railroad, thirty-four miles south by east of Camden ; the city of Bridgeton, on a branch of the West Jersey Railroad, thirty-seven and two-tenths miles south of Camden ; the city of Salem, near the Delaware, on a branch of the West Jersey Railroad, thirty-seven and two-tenths miles south by west of Camden ; and the celebrated watering-place. Cape May City, at the extreme south end of the State, — eighty-one and a half miles from Camden. Printed by J. B. Lippincott Company, Philadelphia. — 4i...k!*i_. DO NOT DELAY YOUR SUBSCRIPTION FOR LiPPiNCOTT's Magazine Which now stands in the Front Rank of Monthly PubUcations, and occupies the position of A LEADER AMONG LEADERS. 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