~: '. jk Published by Oliver and Boyd, Edinburgh. 5. S T UDIES IN COMPOSITION: A Text-Book for Advanced Clcsses. By David Pryde, M.A., Head Master of the Edinburgh M jhant Company's Educational Institution for Young Ladies. Price 2s. 'Go and common sense is exhibited in every explanation, and for advanced classes we heartily recommend it." — Hair's Scholastic Register. "These who wish to improve their composition should procure this book; thev ■will find it interesting as well as useful." — Rational Schoolmaster. "This thoughtful and original text-book." — Educational Reporter " A practical little book."— Scotsman. 6. EhGLISH ETYMOLOGY: A Text-Book of Derivatives. fT7 ith numerous Exercises for the Use of Schools. By James Douglas, .i.D., Author of " Principles of English Grammar," etc. Price 2s. \ An especially excellent book of derivath es." — Scotsman. "An excellent text-book." — School Board Chronicle. Thoroughly well done." — Scholastic Register. "We can confidently recommend it as a most useful work for teaching the English h ;uage in schools." — National Schoolmaster. 7. '.LUNG and DICTATION EXERCISES. By Dr Douglas. x pages, price Is. Fourth Edition. " _ goci practical book, from which correct spelling and pronunciation may be «. luired." — At henceum. 8. [Pn RESSIVE GEOGRAPHY. By Dr Douglas. 160 pages, price Is. iSew Edition, Revised. A Nev* Work, showing the recent Changes on the Continent and elsewhere, nt ' v acing much Historical and other Information. «'iited for ordinary school purposes. The information is copious, correct, nd adapted to the present state of knowledge."— Athenceum. 9. [HISTORY of ENGLISH LITERATURE, with an OUTLINE cf the ORIGIN and GROWTH of the ENGLISH LANGUAGE Illustrated by EXTRACTS. For Schools and Private Students. By y Professor Spalding. 11th Edition. Continued to 1870. 446 pages. 3s. 6d. } " The best introduction to the subject we have met with."— Spectator. *#* A Specimen Copy of any one or more of the above will be sent to Principals of Schools, post-free, by Oliver and Boyd, on receiving half the retail \jrice in stamps* 2 DICTIONARY ENGLISH LANGUAGE, CONTAINING THS PRONUNCIATION, ETYMOLOGY, AND EXPLANATION OF ALL WORDS AUTHORIZED BY EMINENT WRITERS: TO WHICH ARE ADDED, A VOCABULARY OF THE ROOTS OF ENGLISH WORDS, AND AN ACCENTED LIST OF GREEK, LATIN, AND SCRIPTURE PROPER NAMES. BY ALEXANDER REID, LL.D.. LATE HEAD MASTER OF THE EDINBURGH INSTITUTION ; AUTHOR OF 44 RUDIMENTS OF ENGLISH COMPOSITION," ETC. TWENTY-THIRD EDITION. EDINBURGH: OLIVER AND BOYD, TWEEDDALE COURT. LONDON: S1MPKIN, MARSHALL, AND CO. 1873. Price Five Shillings, or bound in leather, 5s. 6d. DR REID'S EDUCATIONAL WORKS. RUDIMENTS of ENGLISH GRAMMAR, 6d. RUDIMENTS of ENGLISH COMPOSITION, 2s. DICTIONARY of the ENGLISH LANGUAGE, 5s. RUDIMENTS of MODERN GEOGRAPHY, Is.; or with five Maps, Is. 3d. An Abridgment of Dr Reid's Rudiments; being a FIRST BOOK of GEOGRAPHY; 72 pages, 6d. OUTLINE of SACRED GEOGRAPHY, 6d. INTRODUCTORY ATLAS of Modern Geography, 2s. 6d. cloth, full coloured. SCHOOL ATLAS of Modern Geography, 5s. cloth, full coloured. PRINTED BY OLIVER AND BOYD, EDINBURGH. PEEFACE. The following "Work was undertaken at the suggestion of the Publishers, whose design was that it should be a School Dictionary, containing all English words in common use, arranged in the usual alphabetical order, with the etymology of such as are derived from the Greek and the Latin. But the Compiler had not proceeded far in his labours, when certain difficulties in the way of executing them in a manner satisfactory to himself, led him to reconsider the plan originally proposed, and subsequently to lay down the following rules for his future guidance : — First, To insert no word which has not been sanctioned by the use of some eminent author, or which has become obsolete ; secondly, To give the Spelling and Pronun- ciation which are supported by the greatest number of competent authorities ; thirdly, To denote what appears to be the Root of every word ; and, fourthly, To define and explain the words as they are generally employed by the standard writers of the English language. The number of words in the English language has been computed to amount to about eighty thousand. Of these some, which are found in the earlier authors, have become obsolete ; others in com- mon colloquial use have not been authorized by classical writers : a few are entirely technical, that is to say, are employed only in connexion with some particular art ; and many are mere inflections or compounds. As the Compiler could not insert all the words in the language in so small a Work, he has rejected almost all belonging to these four classes : those belonging to the first class, because they are no longer in use ; to the second, because they are not sanctioned 4 PREFACE. by sufficient authority ; to the third, because they are not used in general speech or writing ; and to the fourth, because they do not differ in derivation, meaning, or pronunciation, from the words from which they are formed. After all these deductions and omissions, there still remain nearly forty thousand words, which are contained in the present Work, and for which quoted authority will be found in the larger Dictionaries. In the spelling of words, the Compiler has taken as his guide the prevailing usage of the principal lexicographers. A more uniform system might have been introduced by adopting certain general rules, according to which particular classes of words might have been spelled. But every such rule would have led to greater changes in the usual practice than the Compiler felt himself authorized to make. Instead of aiming at uniformity, therefore, he has preferred that mode of spelling each word which he found to be supported by the greatest number of authorities. He has pursued a similar plan in the pronunciation of words. Generally, the system of Walker has been adopted, as being most in accordance with the usage of the educated portion of society ; but the Compiler has not hesitated to depart from it, whenever he found it at variance either with the majority of authorities, or with gene ml practice. In the mode of indicating pronunciation, however, the present Work differs, in various respects, from that of Walker. In the first place, marks have been preferred to figures, as being equally precise and less perplexing. In the second place, the pronunciation is in- dicated only by the marks and the ordinary sounds of the letters, no attempt being made to render the pronunciation more plain by a different mode of spelling ; except in peculiar words, and in such as are pronounced in two different ways, one of which ways is generally indicated by marks, and the other by spelling the word as it is pro- nounced. In the third place, marks are placed only above the vowels in syllables which have the primary or secondary accent, most of the others being pronounced so obscurely that the sound cannot be exactly indicated. At the foot of each page is a key to the notation, and appended to this Preface is a table of the sounds indicated by marks, or by syllabication ; by the help of which there will be no difficulty in ascertaining, with all necessary precision, the pronuncia- tion of every word. PREFACE. 5 The most satisfactory way of giving the derivation of words, would have been to have taken the most remote root, and traced it, through all its changes, into English. But, this was not practicable in a work of limited extent like the present ; and, for want of space, the Com- piler was forced to adopt a mode of derivation which, while it is sufficient to show the origin of words, at the same time saves all avoidable repetition, both of the roots and of their signification. Instead of giving its root after each English word, he has collected into families or groups all words which are derived from the same root, and which begin with the same syllable and have affinity in signification as well as in etymology, placing first, in large letters, what may be called the head of the family or group, and arranging under it, in smaller type, the other derivatives, in alphabetical order. In like manner, instead of explaining each root as it occurs in the body of the Work, he has collected the principal roots into a Voca- bulary, in which he has given their signification, and, as examples of their derivatives, the head or first word of every group in the Dictionary. These arrangements are attended by several disadvan- tages :— occasionally there is a slight departure from the strict alpha- betical order of the words ; sometimes the most remote root is given, without the intermediate derivatives through which the word passes into English ; and frequently it may be necessary to consult the Dictionary for the English word, and the Vocabulary for the meaning of its root. But, on the other hand, the Compiler did not see how he could, in any other way, comprise the explanation and derivation of what may be termed the classical words of the English language within the limits of a school-book ; the absence of its signification after each root will not be felt as an inconvenience by those who are acquainted with the learned languages, or have made some progress in the study of etymology ; and, when the Work is used as a text- book for teaching derivation, a most useful exercise for advanced pupils will be to make them find out the intermediate derivatives, through which any foreign word, whether ancient or modern, has been transferred into the English language. In this exercise, as well as in the study of etymology generally, considerable help will be obtained from one of the annexed tables, in which are detailed the principal changes which letters undergo in derivation. On this division of the Work, it may be necessary to explain, that when an English word is, in form and signification, the same as its t) PREFACE. root, the latter is not printed, but only the language to which it belongs is indicated ; that, when the root is thus of the same form as the English derivative, and also when the form is different, but the sig- nification the same, the root has not been inserted in the Vocabulary ; that roots are not placed after words for which no probable derivation has been assigned ; that all doubtful roots are denoted by a point of interrogation ; that a few Latin words not purely classical, and some obsolete French words, will be found among the roots ; that the roots in the Dictionary, and the radical parts of the words in the Vocabulary, are printed in italics ; that, in Greek words, the grave accent on e final ( are generally represented by e and 6 ; and that the quantity has been marked in all Greek and Latin words in which errors in pronunciation were likely to occur. The most philosophical mode of explaining words would have been to have given first their primary signification, as indicated by their derivation, and afterwards, in the order of their connexion with it, all their secondary meanings. But in this, as in derivation, the Compiler has been restricted by want of room ; and he has been under the necessity of confining himself to those acceptations which words most commonly bear in speech and writing. It thus not unfrequently happens, that the primary meanings of words have been omitted, because they are not in use, and that secondary meanings are attached to them, which appear to have no connexion with their derivation. Such explanations and definitions as he has given, how- ever, the Compiler has endeavoured to make as perspicuous, and, at the same time, as concise as possible ; and he trusts that they will be found sufficient to convey the ordinary acceptations of all the authorized words in the English language. To make the Dictionary more complete as a school-book, the Com- piler has added a copious list of Greek, Latin, and Scripture Proper Names. As in the first part of the Work, the vowels are marked as they ought to be pronounced, in syllables having the primary or secondary accent : they are also marked in some of the terminations which are liable to be mispronounced. To save the trouble of consulting two lists, the Greek, Latin, and Scripture Proper Names have been printed together. When a Proper Name occurs both in the Classical writers and in Scripture, but is differently accented, each mode of pronunciation is indicated ; and when there are two ways of spelling PREFACE. 7 or pronouncing either a Classical or a Scripture Proper Name, both are generally given. In every department of the Work, the Compiler is aware that it is chargeable with many faults of both plan and execution. He nevertheless hopes that, as a school-book, it will be found superior to any dictionary at present in use. He can at least say for himself, and for the Publishers, that no labour or expense has been spared to make it serve the purpose for which it is designed. It was all carefully written by the Compiler's own hand, and the utmost attention was paid to accuracy while it was passing through the press. Nothing has been inserted without authority, and every word has been verified. As has been already stated, the Compiler has not, in any case, deferred merely to his own opinion, but has throughout proceeded on the principle of being guided by the majority of competent authorities. Of course he has exercised his own judgment in deciding what authorities he considered competent ; but he is confident that his judgment will be ratified by that of the public, when he adds, that the lexicographers whom he has chiefly followed are, for the authenticity, spelling, derivation, and explanation of words, Johnson, Todd, Richardson, and Webster ; for pronunciation, Walker, Jones, Perry, Fulton, Worcester, and Smart ; and for Anglo-Saxon roots, Bosworth. To these authors, and to the authors of the various other works which he has consulted, he desires to make the most ample acknowledgments. With these explanations, the Compiler commits his Dictionary to the public, in the hope that it will receive that approbation, of which, by the labour of several years, he lias endeavoured to make it worthy. TABLE OF SOUNDS, WITH EXAMPLES. VOWELS. itnds. £!xamp?e». Sounds, Examples. a fate u tube a fat u tub a far U full a fall e me y cry e met y crypt e there y myrrh « her I pine 01 toil 1 pin 6y boy i field ou our i fir ew new o note n5t 39 \ like e 03) dsedal footus 6 nor 6 move 6 sou CONSONANTS. Sound*. C 9 ch ch ?h g ? B ? th th ti t\ x Examples. can cede chaos chain bench get fern sail raise this thin satiety satiate tax e$ist Sounds. Examples. cial \ / commercial sial >like shal< controversial tial ' \ partial ceous \ /farinaceous cious >like shus< capacious tious / ^sententious $ e0US \ like jus f coura « eous gious ) \ reli^iou 1 like shun | mis . sion J I nation gious sion tion sion, like zhun xion, like kshun z, like zh n-g, like ng-g ph, like f I nation confusion connexion azure, glazier longer phantom A2 10 TABLE OF CHANGES WHICH LETTERS UNDERGO IN DERIVATION. VOWELS. Any vowel or diphthong may be substituted for another: the following are the changes which most frequently occur: — A is changed into e, i, o, u, ei, ie. E is changed into a, i, o, u, ai, ie, oa, oe, oo. I is changed into a, o, u, y, ai, ei. is changed into a, e, i, u, ea, eu, ey, oe, oi, ou, ui. U is changed into a, e, i, o, y, au, ee, eu, ie, oi, ou. Y is changed into ie. Ae is changed into ai; ai into ae, oe; au into o, ou; oi into oe, e; ou into u. CONSONANTS. Consonants, which are pronounced by the same organs of speech, are trans- mutable; namely,— Labials, b, f, p, ph, v, w. Dentals, d, t, th, s, z, c soft. Palatials, c hard, g hard, ch hard, k, q. Liquids, 1, m, n, r. The following consonants are also transmutable ; b, v, g soft; d, g soft,} g,y; l,u; sc, sh; s, x, z. The letters e, h, s, are sometimes prefixed; b, d, g, inserted. 11 TERMINATIONS. Nouns are formed by affixing to the radical parts of words the terminations an, ant, ar, ard, art, ary, eer, ent, er, ier, ist, ive, or, ster j ate, ee, ite; acy, age, ance, ancy, ence, ency, head, hood, ion, ity, ism, ment, mony, ness, on, ry, ship, t, th, tude, ty, ure, y; dom, ric, wic; cule, cle, el, il, et, in, ine, kin, let, ling, ock, ule. Adjectives are formed by affixing the terminations ac, al, an, ar, ary, en, ic, ical, id, ile, ine, ory; ate, ful, ose, ous, some, y; ish, like, ly; ive; able, ible, uble; less; ish. Verbs are formed by affixing the terminations, ate, en, fy, ish, ise, ize. Adverbs are formed by affixing the terminations, ly, ward, wards. ABBREVIATIONS. n. noun sing, singular a. adjective pi. plural pr. pronoun comp. comparative v. verb sup. superlative ad. adverb p. participle prep. preposition p. a. participial adjective con. conjunction pr. present int. interjection p. t. past tense p. p. past participle. Ar. Arabic Ir. Irish C. Celtic It. Italian Ch. Chaldee L. Latin D. Dutch P. Persian Dan. Danish Port. Portuguese Fr. French S. Anglo-Saxon G. Gothic Sc. Scripture Gael. Gaelic Sp. Spanish Ger. German Sw. Swedish Gr. Greek T. Teutonic Gr. L. Greek, Latin Turk. Turkish H. Hebrew W. Welsh. Ic. Icelandic DICTIONABY ENGLISH LANGUAGE, ABE A, the indefinite article, placed be- fore words beginning with the sound of a consonant. Before words beginning with the sound of a vowel, it is written an. Aa-ron'ic, Aa-ron'i-eal, a. relating to the priesthood of Aaron. A -back', ad. («, back) backwards. Ab'a-cus, n. (L.) an instrument for calculating; the uppermost member of a column. A-baft', ad.(S. b&f tan) behind; towards the stern of a ship. Ab-al'ien-ate, v. (L. ab 9 alienus) to make over to another. A-ban'don, v. (Fr. abandonner) to give up ; to desert ; to forsake. A-ban'doned, p. a. forsaken ; very wicked. A-ban'don-er, n. one who abandons. A-ban'don-ment, n. the act of abandoning. A-bfise', v. (L. ad, basis) to bring low ; to humble ; to depress. A-base'rnent,n. the state of beingbroughtlow. A -bash', v. (L. ad, basis ?) to make ashamed ; to confuse. A-bash'ment, n. the state of being ashamed. A-bate', v. (S. beaian) to lessen ; to lower in price ; to diminish. A-bate'ment, n, the act of abating; the sum or quantity taken away. A-bat'er, n. one who abates. Ab^ba, ?i. a Syriac word for father. Ab'ba-cy, n. office or privileges of an abbot. Ab-ba'tial, a. relating to an abbey. Ab'bess, n. the chief of a nunnery. Ab'twy, n. a monastery ; a convent. AbT>ot, n. the chief of an abbey. AbT>ey-lub-ber, n. an idle person in an abbey. Ab-breVi-ate, v. (L. ab, brevis) to shorten, — n. an abridgment. Ab-brO-vi-a'tion, n. the act of shortening. Ab-bre-vi-a'tor, n. one who abridges. Ab-brC'vi-a-ture, n. a mark used for shorten- ing ; an abridgment. A,B,C, n. the alphabet. A-be-ce-da'ri-an, n. a teacher of the alphabet. A-be-ce'da-ry, a. belonging to the alphabet. Ab'di-cate, v. (L. ab, dico) to give up right ; to resign ; to renounce. Ab'di-cant, a giving up ; renouncing. Ab-di-ca'tion, n. the act of abdicating. Ab-do'men, n. (L.) the lower part of the belly. Ab-dom'i-nal, a. relating to the abdomen. Ab-dom'i-nous, a. having a large belly. Ab-duce', v. (L. ab, duco) to draw away ; to separate. Ab-diVcent, a. drawing away. Ab-duc'tion, n. a carrying away. Ab-duc'tor, n. a muscle that draws back. A -bed', ad. (a, bed) in bed ; on the bed. Ab-er'rance, Ab-er'ran-cy, n. (L. a b, erro) a wandering from the right way. Ab-cr-ra'tion, n. the act of wandering. Ab-er'ring, p. a. wandering ; going astray. A -bet', v. (S. betan) to encourage ; to set on ; to aid. A-bet'ment, n. the act of abettinsr. A-bet'ter, A-bet'tor, n. one who abets. A-bey'auce, n. (Fr. buyer ?) something in reversion, but not in possession. Fate, fat, far, fall ; me, mot, there, her ; pine, pin, field, fir ; note, not, nor, move, son ; tube, tab, full; cry, crypt, myrrh ; toil, bdy, Our, nOw, new ; cede, gem, raise, c^ist, tLin. ABH U ABS Ab-hor', v. (L. ab, horreo) to hate bit- terly ; to detest ; to abominate. Ab-hor'rence, Ab-hoVren-cy, n. the act of abhorring ; extreme hatred. Ab-hor'rent, a. struck with abhorrence ; odious ; contrary to ; inconsistent with. Ab-hor'rer, n. one who abhors. A-bide', v. (S. abidari) to stay in a place ; to dwell ; to wait for ; to support or endure : p. t. and p. p. a-b6de'. A-bld'anqe, n. continuance ; stay. A-bld'er/n. one who abides. A-bid'ing, n. continuance ; stay. A-bode', n. a dwelling-place ; stay. A-MLl-ty. See under Able. Ab-ject', v. (L. ab, jactum) to throw away ; to cast down. Abject, a. mean; worthless; base. — n. one without hope. Ab-jec'ted-ness, n. the state of being abject. Ab-jec'tion, n. meanness of mind. Ab'ject-ly, ad. in an abject manner. Ab'ject-ness, n. meanness ; servility. Ab-jure', v. (L. ab, juro) to renounce upon oath ; to retract ; to abandon. Ab-ju-ra'tion, n. the act of abjuring. Ab-lac-ta'tion, n. (L. ab, lac) a mode of grafting. Ab-la-que-a'tion, n. (L. ab, laqueo) the act of opening the ground about the roots of trees. Ab-la'tion, n. (L. ab, latum) a taking w away ; a depriving. Abla-tive, a. that takes away : applied to the sixth case of the Latin noun. A'ble, a. (S. abal) having strength or power ; skilful ; sufficient. A-bll'i-ty, n. power ; capacity ; qualification : _ pi. the powers of the mind. A'ble-ness, n. power of body. A'bly, ad. with ability. A'ble-bSd-ied, a. strong of body. Ab-le-ga'tion, n. (L. ab, lego) a send- ing away ; a dismission. Ab-lude', v. (L. ab, ludo) to be unlike. Ab'lu-ent, a. (L. ab, luo) cleansing. Ab-lu'tion, n. the act of cleansing. AVne-gate, v, (L. ab, nego) to deny. Ab-ne-ga'tion, n. denial ; renunciation. AVne-ga-tor, n. one who denies. A-board', ad. (a, board) in a ship. A-bode r . See under Abide. A-bode', v. (S. bodian) to foretoken. A-bod'an^e, n. an omen. A-bod^ment, n. a secret anticipation. A-bod r ing, n. presentiment. A-b6Tish, v. (L. ab, oleo) to annul ; to repeal ; to destroy ; to make void. A-borish-ment, n. the act of abolishing. Ab-o-lr'tion, n. the act of abolishing. Ab-o-ll'tion-ist, n. one who seeks to abolish. A-bom'i-nate, v. (L. ab, omen) to ab- hor ; to detest ; to hate utterly. A-b6m'i-na-ble, a. detestable ; unclean* A-bam / i-na-ble-ness, n. hatefulness. A-b6m r i-na-bly, ad. hatefully ; detestably. A-bdm-i-na'tion, n. detestation ; pollution. Ab-o-rl^'i-nes, n. (L.) the earliest in- „ habitants of a country. Ab-o-rlg'i-nal, a. primitive ; pristine. A-bor'tion, n. (L. ab, ortus) untimely birth; miscarriage. A-bor'tive, a. untimely ; premature. A-bor'tive-ly, ad. immaturely ; untimely. A-bor / tive-ness, n. the state of abortion. A-b6rt r ment, n. an untimely birth. A-bound', v. (L. ab, unda) to have or be in great plenty. A-bSund'ing, n. increase. A-bun r dance, n. great plenty. A-bunMant, a. very plentiful. A-btin'dant-ly, ad. in great plenty. A-boiit', prep. (S. abutari) round ; near to ; concerning. — ad. circularly ; nearly. A-bove', prep. (S. abufan) higher in place or power ; more than. — ad. overhead ; in the regions of heaven. Ab-ra-ca-daVra, n. a superstitious charm against agues. Ab-rade', v. (L. ab, rado) to rub off. Ab-ra^ion, n. the act of rubbing off. A-breast', ad. (a, breast) side by side. Ab-re-noimce 7 , v. (L. ab, re, nuncio) w to disown ; to disclaim. Ab-re-nun-ci-a'tion, n. the act of renouncing. Ab-rep'tion, n. (L. ab, raptum) the state of being carried away. A-bridge', v. (Fr. abreger) to make shorter ; to contract ; to diminish. A-brldg'er, n. one who abridges. A-brldg'ment, n. the contraction of a work into a smaller compass ; a summary. A-broach'jV. (S. a, brecan) to tap ; to set abroach.— -ad. in a posture to let out liquor. A-broad', ad. (S. brad) from home ; in another country ; widely. Ab'ro-gate, v. (L. ab, rogo) to repeal ; to annul.-- -p. a. annulled. ' Ab-ro-ga'tion, n. the act of repealing. Ab-rupt 7 , a. (L. ab, ruptum) broken ; craggy ; sudden ; unconnected. Ab-rup'tion, n. a sudden breaking off. Ab-rtipt'ly, ad. suddenly ; hastily. Ab-rupfness, n. suddenness ; haste. Ab'scess, n. (L. abs, cessum) a tumour filled with purulent matter. Ab-scind', v. (L. ab, scindo) to cut off. Ab'sclss, Ab-scls'sa, n. part of the diameter of a conic section. Ab-sclffion, n. the act of cutting off- Ab-scond', v. (L. abs, condo) to hide one's self ; to retire from public view. Ab-sctind'er, n. one who absconds. Ab-sent', v. (L. abs, ens) to keep away ; to withdraw. Fate, fat, far, fall ; me, m£t, there, her ; pine, pin, field, fir ; note, n6t, nor, m6ve, s6n; ABS 15 ACC Al/sent, a. not present ; inattentive. Ab'sence, n. the state of being absent. Ab-sen-tee', n. one absent from his station, employment, or country. Ab-sen-teg'ipi, n. the practice of being away. Ab-s6nt'er, n. one absent from dut}\ Ab-sent'nient, n. the state of being absent. Ab-sfa'thi-an, a. (L. absinthium) of the nature of wormwood. Absolve', v. (L. a6, so^'o) to free from ; to clear ; to acquit. Ab-^olv'er, n. one who absolves. Ab'so-lQte, a. complete ; unconditional; not limited ; positive ; certain ; arbitrary. Ab'so-lute-ly, ad. completely ; positively. Ab'so-lute-ness, n. completeness; despotism. Ab-so-lu'tion, n. the act of absolving. Ab'sol-u-to-ry, a. that absolves. Ab'so-nant, a. (L. ab, sono) contrary w to reason ; absurd. Ab'so-nous, a. disagreeing ; discordant. Ab-sorb', v. (L. ab, sorbeo) to suck up ; to imbibe : p. p. ab-sorbed' or ab-sorpt'. Ab-sor'bent, a. sucking up. — n. a substance that sucks up. Ab-sorp'tion, n. the act of sucking up. Ab-stain', v. (L. abs, teneo) to refrain from ; to forbear. Ab-sten'tion, n. the act of holding off. Ab'sti-nen^e, n. a refraining from ; fasting. Ab'sti-nent, a. practising abstinence. Ab'sti-nent-ly, ad. with abstinence. Ab-ste'mi-ous, a. (L. abs, temetum) temperate ; abstinent. Ab-ste'mi-ous-ly, ad. temperately ; soberly. Ab-ste'nii-ous-ness, n. the being abstemious. Ab-ster^e', v. (L. abs, tergeo) to wipe. Ab-ster'gent, a. having a cleansing quality. Ab-sters'e', v. to cleanse ; to purify. Ab-ster'sion, n. the act of cleansing. Ab-ster'sive,a.having the quality of cleansing. Ab-steYsive-ness, h. the quality of cleansing. Ab-stract', v. (L. abs, tr actum) to draw from ; to separate ; to abridge. Ab'stract, a. separate ; existing in the mind only. — n. an abridgment. Ab-stract'ed, p. a. separated; refined. Ab-stract'ed-ly, ad. simply ; by itself. Ab-stract'ed-ness,n. state of being abstracted. Ab-stract'er, n. one who abstracts. Ab-strac'tion, n. the act of abstracting ; ab- sence of mind ; inattention. Ab-stract'ly, ad. in an abstract manner. Ab-stract'ness, n. a separate state. Ab-struse r , a. (L. abs, trusum) hidden ; obscure ; difficult. Ab-struse'ly, ad. obscurely ; not plainly. Ab-struse'ness, n. obscurity ; difficulty. Ab-stru'si-ty, n. that which is abstruse. Ab-sume', v. (L. ab, sumo) to take away wholly ; to destroy. Ab-sump'tion, n. destruction. Ab-siird', a. (L. ab, surdus) unreason- able ; inconsistent. Ab-sur'di-ty, n. the quality of being absurd ; that which is absurd. Ab-surd'ly, ad. unreasonably; injudiciously. Ab-surd'ness, n. the' quality of being absurd, A-bun'dant. See under Abound. A-buse', v. (L. ab,usum)to make an ill use of; to impose upon ; to revile. A-buse', n. ill use ; a corrupt practice ; rude reproach ; contumely. A-bu'§a~ble, a. that may be abused. A-bu'ser, n. one who abuses. A-bQ'sive, a. containing or practising abuae. A-bu'sive-ly, ad. in an abusive manner. A-bu'sive-ness,n.the quality of being abusive. A-but', v. (Fr. a, bout) to end at ; to border upon ; to meet. A-bQt'ment, n. that which borders upon. A-but'tal, n. the boundary of land. A-bysm', A-byss', n. (Gr. a, bussos) a fathomless depth ; a gulf. A-ca/ci-a, n. (L.) a shrub ; a drug. Ac'a-deme, n. (Gr. akademos) one of the ancient schools of philosophy ; a learn- ed society. A-cad'e-my, n. a society for the promotion of science or art ; a place of education. Ac-a-de'mi-an, n. a member of an academy. Ac-a-dem'ic, a. relating to an academy.— n. an academic philosopher ; a student. Ac-a-dem'i-cal, a. belonging to an academy. A-cad-e-ml^ian, n. a member of an academy. A-cad'e-mi^ni, n. the academical philosophy. A-cad'e-mist, n. a member of an academy. A-can'thus, n. (L.) a prickly shrub. A-can'thine, a. pertaining to acanthus. Ac-cede\ v. (L. ad, cedo) to agree to. Ac-ress', n. approach ; admission ; increase. Ac'ees-sa-ry, Ac'ces-so-ry, a. joined to ; con- tributing ; additional.— n. one who helps to commit a crime. Ac'ces-sa-ri-ness, H, state of being accessary. Ac-fCs'si-hle. a. that may be approached. Ac-cgs-si-bll'i-ty, n. the being accessible. Ac-ceVsion, n. the act of coming to ; addition. Ac-ces-so'ri-al, a. pertaining to an accessory. Ac-ceTer-ate, v. (L. ad, celer) to hast- en ; to quicken ; to increase the speed of. Ac-^el-er-a'tion, n. the act of hastening. Ae-^eTer-a-tive, a. increasing the speed. Ac-cend', v. (L. ad, candeo) to kindle ; to set on fire ; to inflame. Ac-c£n'sion, n. the act of kindling. Ac'cent, n. (~L.ad,cantum) the manner of speaking ; the stress of the voice on a syllable or word : a mark to direct the mo- dulation of the voice. Accent', v. to express or note the accent. Ac-£tmt'u-al, a. relating to accent. Ac-?ent-u-a'tion, n. the act of placiug the accent ; marking the accent. Ac-cept', v. (L. ad, captum) to take ; ^ to receive ; to admit. Ac / cep-ta-ble, a. likely to be accepted ; agree- ^ able ; pleasing. Ac'^ep-ta-ble-ness, Ac-^ep-ta-biri-ty, n. the quality of being acceptable. Ac^ep-ta-bly, ad. in an acceptable manner. Ac-cep'tanfe, n. reception with approba- tion. tube, tub, fall ; cry, crypt, myrrh ; toil, b6y, Our, now, new ; cede, gem, raife, exist, thin. ACC 16 ACII Ac-9ep-ta'tion, n. reception ; the meaning of a word, as it is commonly received. Ac-cept'er, n. one who accepts. Access'. See under Accede. Ac'ci-dent, n. (L. ad, cado) a property or quality not essential; an unforeseen event ; casualty ; chance. Ac'ci-dence, n. a book containing the first „ rudiments of grammar. Ac-ci-dent'al, a. not essential ; unforeseen ; „ casual. — n. a property not essential. Ac-ci-dent'al-ly, ad. by chance ; casually. Ac-claim', v. (L. ad, clamo) to ap- - plaud, — n. loud applause. Ac-cla-ma'tion, n. a shout of applause. Ac-cliv'i-ty, n. (L. ad, clivus) steep- ness reckoned upwards. Ac-co-lade', n. (L. ad, collurri) a cere- mony used in conferring knighthood. Ac-com'ino-date, v. (L. ad, con, modus) to supply with conveniences ; to fit ; to ad- just. — a. suitable ; fit. Ac-cOm'mo-da-ble, a. that may be fitted. Ac-cOm'mo-date-ly, ad. suitably ; fitly. Ac-com'mo-date-ness, n. fitness. Ac-cOm-mo-da'tion, n. provision of conveni- ences ; fitness ; reconciliation. Ac-c6m'mo-da-tor,n.one who accommodates. Ac-com'pa-ny, v. (L. ad, con, panis ?) to go with ; to join with. Ac-eom'pa-ni-ment, n. that which accom- panies, or is added as an ornament. Ac-com'plice, n. (L. ad, con, plico) an associate in crime ; a partner. Ac-com'plish, v. (L. ad, con, pleo) to complete ; to fulfil ; to obtain ; to adorn or furnish the mind or body. Ac-cOm'plished, p. a. complete in some qua- lification ; elegant. Ac-cOm'plish-er, n. one who accomplishes. Ac-com'plish-ment, n. completion ; full per- formance ; ornament of mind or body. Ac-compt'. See Account. Ac-cord', v. (L. ad, cor) to agree ; to harmonize. — n. agreement ; union ; will. Ac-cord'ance, n. agreement ; conformity. Ac-cord'ant, a. consonant ; corresponding. Ac-cord'ing-ly, ad. agreeably ; conformably. Ac-cord' in g-to, prep, agreeably to ; with re- gard to ; in proportion. Ac-cor'po-rate, u. (L. ad, corpus) to unite. Ac-cost', v. (L. ad, costa) to speak to first ; to address. Ac-cOst'a-ble, a. easy of access ; familiar. Ac-cou-cheur', ac-cu-sheur', n. (Fr.) a man who assists women in childbirth. Ac-count', n. (L. ad, con, puto) a reck- oning ; narration ; regard ; advantage. — v.to reckon ; to assign the causes ; to esteem. Ac-c6unt'a-ble, a. liable to account. Ac-count-a-bll'i-ty, n. liability to give ac- count ; responsibility. Ac-count'a-ble-ness,?*. the being accountable. Ac-cOunt'airt, n. one employed in accounts. Ac-count'ing,n. the reckoning up of accounts. Ac-c6unt'b66k, n. a book containing ac- counts. Ac-couple, u. (L. ad, copulo) to join together. Ac-cou'tre, v. (Fr. accoutrer) to equip. Ac-cou'tre-ment, n. equipage; trappings. Ac-cred'it, v. (L. ad, credo) to procure credit or honour to. Ac-crCd-i-ta'tion, n. the giving of credit. Ac-cres'cent, a. (L. ad,cresco) growing to ; increasing. Ac-crg'tion, n. the act of growing to. Ac-creative, a. increasing by growth. Ac-croac.li', v. (Fr. a croc) to draw to ; to take what is another's. Ac-crue', v. (Fr. a, cru) to be added to ; to arise from. Ac-cru'ment, n. addition ; increase. Ac-cu-ba'tion, n. (L. ad, cubo) a lying or reclining. Ac-cum'ben-cy, n. the state of reclining. Ac-cum'bent, a. leaning or reclining. Ac-cu'mu-late, v. (L. ad, cumulus) to heap up ; to increase. — a. heaped up. Ac-cu-mu-la'tion, n. a heaping up ; a heap. Ac-cu'mu-la-tive, a. that accumulates. Ac-cu'mu-la-tor, n. one who accumulates. Ac'cu-ra-cy, n. (L. ad, cur a) correct- w ness ; exactness ; nicety. Ac'cu-rate, a. correct ; exact ; precise. Ac'cu-rate-ly, ad. correctly ; exactly. Ac'cu-rate-ness, n. exactness ; nicety. Ac-curse', v. (S. cursian) to doom to misery ; to imprecate evil upon. Ac-curs'ed, a. doomed ; execrable. Ac-cuse', v. (L. ad, causa) to charge with a crime ; to blame. Ac-cu'sa-ble, a. that may be accused. Ac-cu'sant, n. one who accuses. Ac-cu-§a'tion, n. the act of accusing ; a charge. Ac-cu'sa-tive, a. accusing: applied to the fourth case of the Latin noun. Ac-cu'sa-to-ry, a. containing an accusation. Ac-cus/er, n. one who accuses. Ac-ciis'tom, v. (L. ad,con,suetum) to make familiar by use ; to habituate. Ac-cus'tom-a-ble, a. of long custom. Ac-cus'tom-a-bly, ad. according to custom. Ac-cus'tom-a-ry, a. usually done ; common. Ac-cus'tom-a-ri-ly, ad. usually ; commonly. Ac-cus'tomed, a. frequent ; usual. Age, n. (L. as) a unit ; a single point on cards or dice. A-ceTda-ma, n. (H.) a field of blood. A-ceph'a-list, n. (Gr. a, kephale) one who owns no head or superior. A-cer'bi-ty, n. (L. acerbus) sourness ; roughness ; severity. A-ces'cent. See under Acid. Ache, n. (S. cece) a continued pain. — v. to be in pain. Fate, I**, far, fall; mc, met, there, her; pine, pin, field, fir; note, n6t, nor, move, s6nj ACH 17 ADA Achieve', v. (Fr. a, chef) to per-! form ; to finish ; to gain ; to obtain. A-iphieVa-ble, a. that may be achieved. A-chieVanpe, n. a performance. A-9hieve'ment, n. a performance ; an action ; an escutcheon. A-chieVer, n. one who achieves. A'chor, n. (Gr.) scald head. Ach-ro-mat'ic, a. (Gr. a, chroma) pre- venting the effect of colours. Ac/id, a. (L. acidus) sour ; sharp to the taste. — n. a sour, sharp substance. A-cId'i-ty, n. sourness ; sharpness. A-^Id'u-lae, n. pi. medicinal springs impreg- nated with acid. A-9td'u-late, v. to tinge with acids. A-cId'u-lous, a. sourish. A-ceVcent, a. tending to sourness. A-^e'tous, a. having the quality of vinegar. Ac-knowred£e,ak-nol'edge, v. (S. cna- wan, lecgan) to own ; to confess. Ac-kn6wredg-ment, n. concession ; recogni- tion ; confession ; gratitude. Ac'me, n. (Gr.) the highest point. A-col'o-thist, Ac'o-lyte, n. (Gr. ako- louthos) a servitor in the Romish church. Ac'o-nite, n. (Gr. akoniton) the herb wolfsbane ; poison. A'corn, n. (S. ac, corn) the fruit or _ seed of the oak. A'corned, a. fed with acorns. A-cou'stic, a. (Gr. akouo) relating to hearing, or the doctrine of sounds. A-cou'stics, n. pi. the theory of sounds ; medi- cines or instruments to help the hearing. Ac-quaint', v. (L. ad, con, notum ?) to make familiar with ; to inform. Ac-quaint'ance, n. familiarity ; knowledge ; a person whom we know. Ac-quaint'ed, p. a. familiar with ; well known. Ac-quest'. See under Acquire. Ac-qui-esce', v. (L. ad, quies) to rest in ; to remain satisfied with ; to comply. Ac-qui-eVcenye, n. consent ; compliance. Ac-qui-eYcent, a. easy ; submitting. Ac-quire', v. ( L. ad, qucero) to gain ; to obtain ; to come to ; to attain. Ac-quir'a-ble, a. that may be acquired. Ac-quired', p. a. gained ; obtained. Ac-quire / ment, it. that which is acquired. Ac-qui-§I'tion, n. tne act of acquiring or gaining ; the tning acquired. Ac-quls'i-tive, a. that is acquired. Ae-quls/i-tive-ly, ad. by acquirement. Ac-quest', n. the thing" gained; attachment. Ac-quit', t>.(L.err/,Fr. quitter) tosetfree ; to clear from ; to discharge. Ac-qult'ment, n. the act of acquitting. Ac-qult'tal, n. deliverance from a charge. Ac-quit' tan ce, n. discharge from a debt. A'cra-sy, n. (Gr. a, krasis) excess ; _ irregularity. A'cre, n. (S. cecer) a piece of land con- taining 4840 square yards. A'cred, a. possessing acres. Ac'rid, a. (L. acer) hot and biting to „ the taste ; bitter ; pungent. Ae-ri-mo'ni-ous, a. sharp ; bitter. Ac'ri-mo-ny, n. sharpness ; severity.. Ac'ri-tude, n. an acrid taste. Ac-ro-a-mat'ic, Ac-ro-a-mat'i-cal, a, ( Gr.afcr0a#ma£)pertaining to deep learning. A-cron'y-cal, a. (Gr. akros, nuoc) ris- ing when the sun sets, or setting when the sun rises. A-cron'y-eal-ly, ad. at the acronycal time. Ac'ro-spire, n. (Gr. akros, speira) a ^ shoot or sprout from the end of seeds. Ac'ro-splred, a. having sprouts. A-cross', ad. (a, cross), athwart ; from side to side. A-cros'tic, n. (Gr. akros, stichos) a poem of which the first letters of the lines make up some name. — a. relating to an acrostic ; containing an acrostic. A-cr6s'ti-cal-ly, ad. in the manner of an acrostic. Act, v. (L. actum) to be in action ; to perform ; to imitate. — n. a deed ; an ex- ploit ; a decree ; a part of a play. Acting, n. the act of performing. Ac'tion, n. state of acting ; a deed ; opera- tion; gesticulation ; battle ; a lawsuit. Ac'tion-a-ble, a. liable to an action at law. Ac'ti-vate, v. to make active. Ac'tive, a. busy ; nimble; quick. Ac'tive-ly, ad. in an active manner ; busily. Ac'tive-ness, n. quickness ; nimbleness. Ac-tlv'i-ty, n. the quality of being active. Act'less, a. without spirit ; insipid. Ac'tor, n. one who acts ; a stage-player. Ac'tress, n. a female stage-player. Ac'tu-al, a. real ; true ; certain. Ac-tu-al'i-ty, n. the state of being actual. Ac'tu-al-ly, ad. really ; in fact. Ac'tu-a-ry, n. a registrar or clerk. Ac'tu-ate, v. to put in action. — a. put in action. Ac-tu-a'tion,n.the state of being put in action. A-cfite', a. (L. acuo) sharp; ingeni- _ ous ; penetrating. Ac'u-ate, v. to sharpen. — a. sharpened. A-cu'i-ty, 7i. sharpness at the point. A-cu'le-ate, a. having a point ; prickly. A-cu'men, n. a sharp point; quickness of intellect ; discernment. A-cu'mi-nate, v. to rise to a point. — a. end- ing in a point ; sharp-pointed. A-cu'rai-na-ted, a. ending in a point. A-cu-nii-na'tion,n. a sharp point ; quickness. A-cQte'ly, ad~ sharply ; ingeniously ; keenly. A-cute'ness, n. sharpness; quickness. Ad'age, n. (L. adagium) a proverb. A-da'gi-al, a. proverbial. A-da'gi-o, n. (It.) in music, a slow time . Ad'a-mant, n. (Gr. adamas) a very ^ hard stone ; a diamond. Ad-a-man-te'an, a. hard as adamant. Ad-a-man'tine, a. made of adamant ; hard. A-dapt', v. (L. ad, apto) to fit one thing to another ; to suit ; to proportion. tube, tub, full ; cry, crypt, myrrh ; tdll, b6y, 6ur, n6w, new ; cede, gem, raise, exist, thin. ADA 18 ADM Ad-ap-ta'tion, n. the act of fitting ; fitness. A-dap'tion, n. the act of fitting. Add, v. (L. ad, do) to join to ; to in- w crease ; to augment ; to enlarge. Ad'di-ble, a. that may be added. Ad-di-bll'i-ty, n. possibility of being added. Ad-dlt'a-ment, n. the thing added. Ad-dl'tion, n. the act of adding; the thing added ; a rule for adding sums together. Ad-dl'tion-al, a. that is added. Ad-dl'tion -al-ly, ad. in addition to. Ad-dl'tion-a-ry, a. that may be added. Ad'di-to-ry, a. having the power of adding. Ad-den'dum, n. something to be added ; an appendix : pi. ad-den'da. jkd' der, nXS.ncedre) a venomous reptile. Ad'dice, Adz, n. (S. adese) a cutting iron tool ; a kind of axe. Ad-dict', v. (L. ad, dico) to give up to ; to devote ; to dedicate. Ad-dlc'ted-uess, n. the state of beingaddicted. Ad-dlc'tion, n. the act of devoting. Ad'dle, a. (S. ad!) barren ; empty. — M v. to make barren ; to corrupt. Ad'dle-head-ed, Ad'dle-pat-ed, a. having bar- ren brains ; of weak intellect. Ad-dress', v. (L. ad, di, rego ?) to speak or apply to. — n. a speaking to ; application ; courtship ; dexterity ; direction of a letter. Ad-drSss'er, n. one who addresses. Ad-duce', v. (L. ad,duco) to bring for- ward ; to allege. Ad-du'cent, a. bringing forward. Ad-duc'tion, n. the act of bringing forward. Ad-due'tive, a. that brings forward. Ad-e-lan-ta'do, n. (Sp.) a governor of a province ; a lieutenant-governor. A-dept', n. (L. ad, aptum) one skilled in any art. — a. skilful ; thoroughly versed. A-dep'tion, n. attainment ; acquisition. Ad'e-quate, a. (L.ad,cequus) equal to ; w proportionate ; sufficient. Ad'e-qua-yy, n. sufficiency. Ad'e-quate-ly, ad. in an adequate manner. Ad'e-quate-ness, n. state of being adequate. Ad-here', v. (L. ad, hcereo) to stick to ; to remain fixed or firm. Ad-her'enee, Ad-her'en-cy, n. the quality of adhering ; attachment ; tenacity ; fidelity. Ad-her'ent, a. sticking to ; united with. — n. a follower ; a partisan. Ad-her'er, n. one who adheres. Ad-he^ion, n. the act or state of sticking to. Ad-he'sive, a. sticking ; tenacious. Ad-he'sive-ness, n. stickiness ; tenacity. Ad-hib'it, v. (L. ad, habeo) to apply ; ^ to make use of. Ad-hi-bl'tion, n. application ; use. Ad-hor-ta/tion, n. (L. ad, hortor) the act of advising ; advice. Ad-hor'ta-to-ry, a. containing advice. Ad-i-aph'o-rous, a. (Gr. a, dia, phero) indifferent ; neutral. A-dieu', int. (Fr. a Dieu) farewell. Ad i-pose, Ad'i-pous, a. (L. adeps) fat. Ad'i-po-c<5re, n. & greasy or waxy substance formed from dead animal bodies. Ad'it, n. (L. ad, itum) a passage for water under ground ; an entrance. Ad-ja'cent, a. (L. ad,jaceo) lying near or close ; contiguous. Ad-ja'cen-cy, n. the state of lying close to. Au-ject', v. (L. ad,jactum) to add to. Ad-jec'tion, n. the act' of adding to. Ad-jec-tl'tious, a. additional. Ad'jec-tive, n. a word added to a noun to ex- _ press some quality or circumstance. Ad'jec-tive-ly, ad. like an adjective. Ad-jom', v. (L. ad,jungo) to join to ; w to be contiguous to. Ad'junct, n. something united to another. — a. added to ; united with. Ad-journ 7 , v. (Fr. a, jour) to put off till another time ; to defer ; to delay. Ad-journ'ment, n. a putting off till another time ; delay ; intermission. Ad-jiid^e', v. (L. ad, judex) to sen- tence ; to decree ; to decide. Ad-judg'ment, n. the act of judging. Ad-ju/di-cate, v. to sentence ; to decree. Ad-ju-di-ca'tion, n. the act of adjudicating. Ad-jiire', v. (L. ad, juro) to impose „ an oath ; to charge solemnly. Ad-ju-ra'tion, n. the act of charging solemnly. Ad-just', v. (L. ad, jus) to put in or- der ; to regulate ; to adapt. Ad-jtist'er, n. one who adjusts. Ad-just'ment, n. the act of putting in order; regulation; settlement. Ad-ju'tor, n. (L. ad, jutum) a helper. Ad'ju-ment, n. help ; support. Ad'ju-tan-£y, n. the office of an adjutant. Ad'ju-tant, n. an officer who assists the major. Ad'ju-vant, a. helpful ; useful. Ad-meas'ure-ment, n. (L. ad, metior) the act* of measuring according to rule ; dimensions ; adjustment of proportions. Ad-min'is-ter, v. (L. ad, minister) to „ serve ; to supply ; to manage. Ad-min-is-tra'tion, n. the act of administer- ing ; the executive part of government. Ad-mln'is-tra-tive, a. that administers. Ad-min-is-tra'tor, n. one who administers. Ad-min-is-tra'trix, n. a female who admi- nisters. Ad'mi-ral, n. (Fr. amiral) the chief „ commander of a fleet. Ad'mi-ral-ty, n. the power or officers ap- pointed to administer naval affairs. Ad-mire' v. (L. ad, miror) to regard with wonder or love. Ad'mi-ra-ble, a. worthy of being admired. Ad'mi-ra-ble-ness, n. state of being admirable. Ad'mi-ra-bly, ad. so as to raise wonder. Ad-mi-ra'tion,?*. the act of admiring ; wonder. Ad-mlr'er, n. one who admires ; a lover. Ad-mir'ing-ly, ad. in an admiring manner. Ad-mit', v. (L. ad, mitto) to give leave to enter ; to allow ; to grant. Fate, fat, far, fall; me, m£t, there, her; pine, pin, field, fir; note, n5t, nor, move, son* ADM 19 ADV Ad-mls'si-ble, a. that may be admitted. Ad-mls'sion, n. the act of admitting. Ad-mlt'ta-ble, a. that may be admitted. Ad-mlt/tance, n. permission to enter. Ad-mlt'ter, n. one who admits. Ad-mixt'ion, n. (L. ad, mixtum) the union of one body with another. Ad-mlx'ture, n. the substance mingled. Ad-mon'ish, v. (L. ad, moneo) to warn ; to exhort ; to reprove gently. Ad-m6n'ish-er, n. one who admonishes. Ad-mon'ish-ment, n. notice of faults or duties. Ad-mo-nl'tion, n. the hint of a fault or duty ; counsel ; gentle reproof. Ad-mo-nl'tion-er, n. a general adviser. Ad-mOn'i-tive, a. that admonishes. Ad-mon'i-tor, ?». one who admonishes. Ad-m5n'i-to-ry, a. that admonishes. Ad-nas'cent, a. (L. ad, nascor) grow- ing upon something else. Ad'nate, a. growing upon. jh.&'noim,n.(L.ad,?iomen) an adjective. A-do', n. (a, do ?) trouble ; bustle. Ad-o-les'cence, Ad-o-les'cen-cy, n. (L. _ ad, ota^'the'state of growing; youth. Ad-o-leYcent, a. growing to manhood. A-dopt', r. (L. ad, opto) to take as a son or daughter ; to receive as one's own. A-dopt'ed-ly, ad. in the manner of adoption. A-dop'tion, n. the act of adopting. A-dop'tive, a. that adopts or is adopted. A-dore', v. (L. ad, oro) to worship with external homage ; to love intensely. A-dor'a-ble, a. worthy of adoration. Ad-o-ra'tion, n. divine worship; homage. A-dur'er, n. one who adores. A-dorn', v. (L. ad, orno) to dress ; to deck ; to embellish. A-dorn'ing, n. ornament ; decoration. A-dorn'ment, n. ornament ; embellishment. A-drTft', ad. (S. adrifan) floating at random ; moving without direction. A-droit', a. (Fr. a, droit) dexterous ; skilful ; active ; ingenious. A-droTt'ly, ad. dexterously ; cleverly. A-drOIt'ness, n. dexterity ; skill ; readiness. A~dry', a. (S. adrigan) thirsty. Ad-sci-ti'tious, a. (L. ad, scitum) ad- ditional ; supplemental. Ad-stric'tion, n. (L. ad, strictum) the act of binding together. Ad-u-la'tion, n. (L. adulor) flattery. Ad'u-la-to-ry, a. flattering. A-diilt', a. (L. ad ultwri) grown up. — n. a person grown up. A-dul'ter-ate, v. (L. ad, alter) to cor- rupt ; to debase. — a. corrupted ; debased. A-dul-ter-a'tion, n. the act of adulterating. A-dul'ter-er, n. a man guilty of adultery. A-dul'ter-ess, n. a woman guilty of adultery. A-dul'ter-ine, n. a child born of an adulteress. — a. spurious. A-dul'ter-ous, a. guilty of adultery. A-dul'ter-ous-ly, err?, in an adulterous manner. A-dul'ter-y, n. violation of the marriage bed. Ad-um'brate, v. (L. ad, umbra) to sha- w dow out faintly. Ad-uin-bra'tion, n. a shadow ; a faint sketch. Ad-u-na'tion, n. (L. ad, unus) the state of being united ; union. A-dun'ci-ty, n. (L. ad. uncus) crook- edness ; form of a hook.' A-d&nque', a. crooked ; hooked. A -dust', a. (L. ad, ustum) burnt up. A-dust'ed, a. burnt ; scorched ; hot. A-dust'ion, n. the act of burning up or drying. Ad-vance', v. (Fr. avant) to bring or go forward ; to improve ; to pay before- hand. — n. a going forward ; improvement. Ad-vance'ment, n. the act of moving forward ; preferment ; improvement. Ad-van'cer, n. one who advances. Ad-van'tage, n. (Fr. avant) superiori- ty ; benerft ; gain. — v. to benefit. Ad-van'tage-a-ble, a. profitable. Ad-van-ta'geous, a. profitable ; useful. Ad-van-ta'geous-ly, ad. conveniently. Ad-van-ta'geous-ness, n. profitableness. Ad-van'tage-ground, n. ground that givQs advantage or superiority. A l-vene', v. (L. ad, venio) to come to ; to be added to. Ad-ve'ni-ent, a. coming from outward causes. Ad'vent, n. a coming ; the coming of our Saviour ; a season of devotion, including ^ the four weeks before Christmas. Ad-ven-tl'tious, a^ accidental ; casual, j Ad-vcnt'ive, a. coining from without. Ad-vent'u-al, a. relating to the advent. Ad-vent'ure, v. (L. ad, ventum) to try the chance ; to dare ; to risk.— n. a chance"; an enterprise ; a hazard. Ad-vent'u-rer, n. one who adventures. Ad-vent'u-rous, a. bold ; daring. Ad-vCnt'u-rous-ly, ad. boldly ; "daringly. Ad'verb, n. (L. ad, verbum) a word joined to a verb, an adjective, or another adverb, to qualify its meaning. Ad-veVbi-al, a. pertaining to an adverb. Ad-ver'bi-al-ly, ad. like an adverb. Adverse, a. (L. ad, versum) turned against ; contrary ; calamitous ; afflictive. Ad'ver-sa-ry, n. an opponent ; an enemy. Ad-veVsa-tive, a. noting opposition or variety. Ad'verse-ly, ad. oppositely ; unfortunately. Ad-verse'ness, n. opposition. Ad-veVsi-ty, n. affliction ; misfortune. Ad- vert', v. (L. ad, verto) to turn or attend to ; to regard ; to observe. Ad-ver'tence, Ad-ver'ten-cy, n. attention to. Ad-veVtent, a. attentive ; 'heedful. Ad-ver-tise', v. (L. ad, verto) to in- form ; to 5 gi y e public notice. Ad-ver'ti^e-ment, n. information ; intelli- _ gence ; pubhc notice. Ad-ver-tls'er, n. one that advertises. Ad-ver-tls'ing, a. giving intelligence ; fur- nishing *or containing advertisements. tube, tub, full; cry, crypt, myrrh; toll, bOy, oar, nOw, new; yede, gem, raise, exist, thin. ADV 20 AFO Ad-vise', v. (Fr. aviser) to counsel ; to inform ; to consult ; to deliberate. Ad-vlfe', n. counsel ; intelligence. Ad-vls'a-ble, a. prudent ; expedient ; fit. Ad~vi|'ed, a. prudent ; wise. Ad-vl|'ed-ly, ad. deliberately ; prudently. Ad-vls/ed-ness, n. deliberation ; prudence. Ad-vlse'ment, n. counsel ; information. Ad-vlf'er, n. one who advises. Ad-vi$'ing, n. counsel ; advice. Ad-vl'^o, n. advice ; consideration. Ad-vl^o-ry, a. having power to advise. Ad'vo-cate, v. (L. ad, voco) to plead for ; to support ; to defend. — n. one who pleads ; an intercessor ; a defender. Ad-vo-ca'tion, n. the act of pleading. Ad'vo-ca-£y, n. the act of pleading ; plea. Ad'vo-cate-ship, n. the duty of an advocate. Ad-vou'try, n. (Fr. avoutrie) adultery. Ad-vou'trer, n. an adulterer. Ad-vou'tress, n. an adulteress. Ad-vOu'trous, a. adulterous. Ad-vow'son, n. (L. ad, voveo) a right to present to a benefice. Adz. See Addice. ^E'dlle. See Edile. Ae'rie. See Eyry. A-e'ri-al, a. (L. aer) belonging to the _ air ; consisting of air ; high ; lofty. A'er-i-form, a. having the form of air. A'er-o-llte, n. a meteoric stone. A-er-ol'o-gy, n. a description of the air. A-er-6m'e-ter, n. an instrument for weigh- _ ingair, or measuring the mean bulk of gases. A'er-o-naut, n. one who sails in the air. A-er-o-naut'ic, a. sailing in the air. A-er-o-sta'tion, n. the science of weighing the air ; aerial navigation. yEs-thet'ic, ^s-thet'i-cal, a. (Gr. ais- thetos) relating to sentiment or feeling. A -far' ad, (a, far) at or to a distance. Af fa-ble, a. (L. ad, fari) easy of man- ners ; courteous ; complaisant. Af-fa-bll'i-ty, n. courteousness ; civility. Af 'fa-ble-ness, n. courtesy ; condescension. Af'fa-bly, ad. in an affable manner. Af-fair', n. (L. ad, facer e) business ; concern ; transaction ; a rencounter. Af-fect',v. (L. ad, factum) to act upon ; to move the passions ; to aim at ; to be fond of ; to make a show of. Af-fec-ta'tion, n. false show ; pretence. Af-fect'ed, p. a. moved ; full of affectation. Af-fgct'ed-ly, ad. in an affected manner. Af-fect'ing, p. a. moving the feelings. Af-fect'ing-ly, ad. in an affecting manner. A f- fec'tion, n. desire; love; kindness. A f-f eVtion -ate, a. full of affection ; fond. Af-feVtion-ate-ly, ad. fondly; tenderly. Af-f6c'tion-ate-ness,n. fondness ; tenderness. Af-fSc'tioned, a. inclined ; mentally disposed. Af-fect'ive, a. that affects. Af-fect'er, n. one who affects. Af-fl'ance. See under Afly. Af-fi-da'vit, n. (L.) a written declara- tion on oath. Af-f Ined', a. (L. ad, finis) joined by affinity ; related to. Af-fln'i-ty, n. relation by marriage; con- nexion ; resemblance ; attraction. Af-firm', v. (L. ad,firmus) to declare positively ; to ratify ; to establish. Af-firm'a-ble, a. that may be affirmed. Af-f irm'ance, n. confirmation ; declaration. Af- fir-ma' tion, n. the act of affirming; de- claration ; averment ; ratification. Af-f Irm / a-tive, a. that affirms ; positive. — ». that which contains an affirmation. Af-firm'a-tive-ly, ad. positively. Af-firm'er, n. one who affirms. Af-fix', v. (L. ad, fixum) to unite to w the end ; to subjoin. Affix ,n. something added to the end of a word. Af-f ix'ion, n. the act of affixing. Af-na'tus, n. (L.) divine inspiration. Af-flict', v. (L. ad, flictuiri) to put to pain ; to grieve ; to distress. Af-filct'ed-ness, n. the state of being afflicted. Af-filc'tion, n. distress ; calamity ; misery. Af-filc / tive, a. painful ; calamitous. Af-filc'tive-ly, ad. in an afflictive manner. Af r flu-ence, n. (L. ad, fluo) riches ; _ wealth ; plenty ; abundance. Af 'fiu-ent, a. abundant ; wealthy ; rich. Af 'flux, n. that which flows to. Af-fiux'ion, n. the act of flowing to. Af-ford', v. (L. ad, forum ?) to yield ; to produce ; to grant ; to be able to sell ; to be able to bear expenses. Af-for'est, v. (Fr. a, fortt) to turn ground into forest. Af-fOr-es-ta'tion, n. the act of turning ground into forest. Af-fray', v. (Fr. effrayer) to terrify.^ n. a quarrel ; a tumult ; a disturbance. A-fraid', a. struck with fear ; terrified. Af- fright', af-frit', v. (S. frihtan) to alarm ; to terrify. — n. terror ; fear. Af-frlght'ed-ly, ad. with fear. Af-fright'er, n. one who frightens. Af-fright'ful, a. terrible ; dreadful. Af-fright'ment, n. fear ; terror. Af-fr6nt', v. (L. ad, frons) to insult ', to offend. — n. insult ; outrage. Af-front'ing, p. a. contumelious ; abusive. Af-front'ive, a. causing affront. Af-fuse', v. (L. adjusum) to pour upon. Af-f u'lion, n. the act of pouring upon. Af-fy', v. (L. ad, fido) to betroth ; to bind ; to trust in ; to confide. Af-fied r , p. a. betrothed ; joined by contract. Af-fl'an9e, n. a marriage contract ; confi- dence. — v. to betroth ; to give confidence. A-f ield', ad. (a, field) to or in the field. A-fire', ad. {a, fire) on fire. A-float', ad. (a, float) floating. A-f66t', ad. (a, foot) on foot ; in action. A -fore', prep. (S.foran) before; sooner in time. — ad. in time past ; in front. Fate, fat, far, fall; me, met, there, her; pine, pin, field, fir; note, not, nor, move, son; AFO 21 AGO i A-fore'go-ing, p. a. going before. A-fOre'hand, ad. by a previous provision. A-fore'men-tioned, a. mentioned before. A-fOre'named, a. named before. A-fore'said, a. said before. A-fore'tlme, ad. in time past. A-fraid'. See under Affray. A-fresh', ad. (a, fresh) anew ; again. Af'ri-can, a. belonging to Africa. — n. a native of Africa. A -front', ad. (a, front) in front. ^ Aft, ad. (S. aft) behind ; astern. After, prep, following in place or time ; be- hind ; according to. — ad. in succeeding time. After-act, n. a subsequent act. Af ter-a-ge§,n.pJ. succeeding times; posterity. After-band, n. a future band or chain. After-birth, n. the placenta. After-clap, n. a subsequent event. Af 'ter-c6st, n. subsequent expense. After-course, n. future course. After-crop, n. the second crop. After-game, n. a subsequent scheme. Af 'ter-llfe, n. future life. After-math, n. the second crop of grass. Af ter-mOst, a. hindmost. Af ter-nodn, n. time from noon till evening. Af ter-pain§, n. pi. pains after birth. After-part, n. the latter part. After-piece, n. a short piece after a play. After-proof, n. posterior evidence. After-state, n. the future state. After-thought, af ter-that, n. reflection af- ter the act ; expedients formed too late. After-time, n v succeeding time. After-ward, Af ter-ward^, ad. in later or subsequent time. After-wit, n. contrivance too late. A'ga, n. a Turkish military officer. A -gain, a-gen', ad. (S. agen) a second time ; once more ; in return. A-gainst', prep, in opposition to ; contrary. A-gape', ad. {a, gape) staring with eagerness or wonder, Ag'a-ric, n. (Gr. agarikon) a kind of mushroom used in physic and dyeing. A-gast'. See Aghast. Ag'ate, n. (L. achates) a precious stone. Ag / a-ty, a. of the nature of agate. Age, n. (S. agan ?) any period of time ; a generation of men ; a hundred years ; maturity ; decline of life. A'ged, a. old ; stricken in years. A 'gent, n. (L. ago) one who acts ; _ a" substitute ; a factor. — a. that acts. A'gen-cy, n. the sta-te of being in action ; the office of an agent or factor. A-gen'da, n. business to be done ; a memo- randum-book ; a ritual or service-book. A'gent-ship, n. the office of an agent. Ag-glom'er-ate, v. (L. ad, glomus) to gather up in a ball ; to grow into a mass. Ag-glom-er-ii'tion, n. a growing or heaping together ; a mass. Ag-glu ti-nate, v. (L. ad, gluten) to unite one part to another. Ag-glu'ti-nant, a. uniting parts together. Ag-glu-ti-na'tion, n. union ; cohesion. Ag-glu'ti-na-tive, a. having power to unite. Ag'gran-dize, v. (L. ad, grandis) to ' make great ; to exalt ; to enlarge. Ag'gran-dlze-ment, n. the act of aggrandiz- ing ; the state of being aggrandized. Ag'gra-vate, v. (L. ad, gravis) to make „ worse ; to enhance ; to increase. Ag-gra-va'tion, n. the act of making worse. Ag'gra-va-ble, a. that may aggravate. Ag'gre-gate, v. (L. ad, grex) to collect together. — a. formed of parts collected. — n. the sum of parts collected. Ag'gre-gate-ly, ad. collectively; taken in mass. Ag-gre-ga'tion,n.the act of collecting into one. Ag'gre-ga-tive, a. taken together ; collective. Ag'gre-ga-tor, n. one who collects into a mass. Ag-gress', v. (L. ad,gressum)io com- mit the first act of violence. Ag-greYsion, n. the first act of injury. Ag-gres'sive, a. making the first attack. Ag-greYsor, n. one who does the first injury. Ag-grieve r , v. (L. ad, gravis) to give sorrow ; to vex ; to injure ; to harass. Ag-griev'ance, n. injury ; wrong. Ag-group', v. (Fr. a, groupe) to bring together into one figure. A-ghast', a-gast r , a. (S. gast) struck with horror ; amazed ; terrified. Ag'ile, a. (L. ago) active ; nimble. A-gll'i-ty, n. activity ; nimbleness ; quickness. A'gi-o, n. (It.) the difference between the value of bank notes and current coin. A-g!st', v. (Fr. g\te) to take the cattle of others to pasture at a certain rate. A-glst'ment, n. the feeding of cattle. A-^Ist'or, n. an officer of the king's forest. Ag'i-tate, v. (L. ago) to put in motion ; to disturb ; to discuss. Ag-i-tii'tion, n. state of being agitated ; dis- cussion ; violent motion of the mind. Ag'i-ta-tor, n. one who agitates. Aglet, Aiglet, n. (Fr. aiguillette) a point at the end of a fringe. Ag'nate, a. (L. ad.natum) allied to; akin from the father s side. Ag-nat'ic, a. relating to descent by the male line of ancestors. Ag-na'tion, n. descent in the male line. Ag-nize r , v. (L. ad, nosco) to acknow- ledge ; to own ; to avow. Ag-nl'tion, n. acknowledgment. Ag-noml-nate, v. (L. ad, nomen) to name; to call by name. Ag-nom-i-na'tion, n. allusion of one word to another by sound ; an additional name. Ag'nus, n. (L.) a little image repre- senting our Saviour in the figure of a lamb. A-go', ad. (S. agan) in time past. tube, tub, full ; cry, crypt, myrrh ; toll, b6y, Our, nOw, new • cede, gem, rais.e, exist, thin. AGO 22 ALC A-go'ing, p. a. in motion. A-gOne', ad. in time past. A-gog', ad. (Fr. a gogo) in a state of desire ; strongly excited Ag'o-iiy, n. (Gr. agon) violent pain. Ag'o-nize, v. to be in excessive pain ; to af- M flict with agony. Ag-o-nlz'ing-ly, ad. with extreme anguish. Ag-o-nis'tic, Ag-o-nis'ti-cal, a. relating to prize-fighting, or athletic combats. A-gra'ri-an, a. (L. ager) relating to fields or grounds. A-gres'tic, a. relating to the country. A-gree', v. (Fr. a, gre) to be in con- cord ; to concur ; to become friends. A-gree'a-ble, a. suitable to ; pleasing. A-gree'a-bie-ness, n. suitableness to ; quality of pleasing ; resemblance. A-gree'a-blytfflJ.consistently with ; pleasingly. A-greed', p. a. settled by consent. A-gree'ment, n. concord ; compact ; bargain. Ag'ri-cul-ture,n. (L. ager, culturri) the „ art of cultivating the ground. Ag-ri-cul'tu-ral, a. relating to agriculture. Ag-ri-cul'tu-rist, n. one skilled in the art of cultivating the ground. A- ground', ad. (a, ground) stranded. A'gue, n. (S. age) an intermitting fever, _ with cold fits. — v. to strike as with ague. A'gued, a. struck with ague ; shivering. A/gu-ish, a. having the qualities of ague. A/gue-flt, n. the paroxysm of ague. A/gue-proof, a. proof against agues. A'gue-spSll, n. a charm for the ague. Ah, a, int. noting dislike, contempt, exultation, compassion, or complaint. A -ha' ! A -ha/, int. expressing triumph and contempt. A -head', ad. (a, head) further on. A-hoy', int. a sea term used in hailing. Aid, v. (L. ad. jutum ?) to help ; to as- sist ; to succour. — n. help ; support. Aid'ance, ft. help ; support ; assistance. Aid'er, n. on,e who brings help. Aid'less,a.helpless; unsupported; undefended. Aid-de-camp, ad'-de-cang, n. (Fr.) a military officer who conveys the general's orders. Ai'gret, n, (Fr. aigrette) the heron. Ai'gu-let. See Aglet. Ail, v. (S. eglan) to pain ; to trouble. Ail'ing, p. a. sickly ; full of complaints. Ail'ment, ft. pain ; disease. Aim, v. (L. cBstimo ?) to direct towards ; to strive to hit ; to attempt to reach.— n. di- _ rection ; endeavour ; design ; conjecture. Arm'er, ft. one who aims. Aimless, a. without aim or object. Air, n. (L. aer) the fluid which we breathe ; gentle wind ; the mien of a per- son ; a tune. — v. to expose to the air ; to _ warm by the fire. Air'i-ness, n. exposure to the air ; gayety. Aiding, n. a short excursion to enjoy the air. Air'less, a. not open to the free air. Airling, n. a thoughtless, gay person. Air'y, a. relating to the air ; gay ; sprightly. Air'blad-der, n. a bladder filled with air. Air'born, a. born of the air ; fanciful. Air'bullt, a. built in the air. Air r drawn, a. painted in the air; visionary. Air'gun, n. a gun charged with air. Air'ptimp, n. a machine for exhausting the _ air from vessels. Air'shaft, n. a passage for the air into mines. Air'tight, ai-'tlt, a. not admitting the air. Aisle, II, n. (L. ala) the wing or side of a church ; a walk in a church. A-jar', ad. (S. acerran \) half opened. A-km', a. (a, kin) related to ; allied by blood ; partaking of the same properties. AlVbas-ter, n. (Gr. alabastron) a kind of soft marble. — a. made of alabaster. A-lack', int. an expression of sorrow. A-lack'a-day, int. denoting sorrow. A-laVri-ty, n. (L. alacer) cheerfulness ; liveliness ; cheerful willingness ; readiness. A-larm',?!. (Fr. a Varme 1) a cry of dan- ger ; sudden terror. — v. to call to arms ; to excite fear in ; to disturb ; to surprise. A-larm'ing, p. a. terrifying ; giving alarm. A-larm r ing-ly, ad. in an alarming manner. A-larni'ist, n. one who excites alarm. A-larm'bell, n. a bell rung to give alarm. A-larm'post, n. the post or place of meet- ing in case of alarm. A-larm / watch,n.a watch that strikes the hour. A-laV, int. (Fr. helas) a word express- ing lamentation, pity, or concern. Alb, n. (L. albus) a white linen vest- ^ ment worn by priest3. Al-bi-fi-ca'tion, n. the act of making white. Al-bl'no, n. a person unnaturally white. Al-bu-gln'e-ous, a. like the white of an egg. Al-bur'num, n. the white or soft part of wood. Al'bum, n. a book for inserting autographs. Al'ba-tross, n. a large aquatic bird. Al-be'it, ad. (all, be, it) although ; notwithstanding. Al'ca-hest, Arka-hest, n. (Ar.) a pre- tended universal dissolvent. Al-caidV^- (Sp.) a governor or judge in Barbary and Spain. Archy-my, n. (Ar.) occult chemistry, or that part of chemistry which proposes the transmutation of metals. Al-chym'i-cal, a. relating to alchymy. Al-chym'i-cal-ly, ad. by means of alchymy. Al'chy-mist, n. one who studies alchymy. Al-chy-mls'ti-cal, a. practising alchymy. Archy-mlze, v. to transmute. Arco-hol, n. (Ar.) pure spirit. Arco-ho-lize, v. to convert into alcohol. Al-co-hol-i-za'tion, n. the act of converting into alcohol. Al'co-ran, n. (Ar. al, koran) the book of the Mohammedan faith. Al-co-ran'ish, a. relating to the koran. Fate, fat, far, fall; me, met, there, her; pine, pin, field, fir; note, not, nor, move, son; ALC 23 ALL Al-cove', n. (Sp. alcobci) a recess in a chamber; an arbour. Al'der, n. the name of a tree. Al'dern, a. made of alder. ATder-man, n. (S. eaid, man) a magis- n trate in a town corporate. Al'der-man-ly, a. like an alderman. Ale, n. (S. eale) fermented malt liquor. Al'ish, a. resembling ale. Ale'ben^, n. a bench in an alehouse. Ale'ber-ry, n. a beverage made of ale, spices, sugar, and bread. Ale'brew-er, al'bru-er, n. one who brews ale. Ale'fed, a. fed with ale. Ale'hOuse, n. a house where ale is sold. A-lem'bic, n. (Ar.) a vessel used in distilling. A-lert', a. (Fr. alerte) on guard ; watch- ful ; brisk ; pert. A-lert'ness, n. sprightliness ; briskness. Al-ex-an'drine,72. a verse of twelve syl- labfes : first used in a French poem calied Alexander. A-lex-i-phar'mic, A-lex-i-phar'mi-cal, a. (Gr. alcxo, pharmakon) expelling poison. Al'^e-bra, n. (Ar.) a peculiar kind of arithmetic. Al-ge-bra'i-cal, a. relating to algebra. Al-ge-bra'i-cal-ly , ad. by means of algebra. Al-ge-bra'ist, n. one skilled in algebra. Al'go-rism, Argo-rithin, n. (Ar.) the science of numbers. Al'gua-zil, n. (Sp.) a Spanish officer of justice ; a constable. A'li-as, ad. (L.) otherwise. Al'i-bT, n. (L.) clsewliere ; the plea of a person who, when charged with a crime, alleges that he was in another place. Al'ien, a. (L. alienns) foreign ; estran- ged from. — n. a foreigner ; a stranger. — v. _ to transfer property ; to estrange. Al'ien-a-ble, a. that may be transferred. Al'ien-ate, v. to transfer property to another ; to withdraw the affections. — a. withdrawn _ from ; estranged. Al-ien-a'tion, n. the act of transferring pro- _ perty ; change of affection. Al'ien-a-tor, n. one who alienates. A -light', a-lit', v. (S. a, lihtari) to come down ; to dismount. A-like',a. (a, like) having resemblance. —ad. in the same manner or form. Ari-ment, n. (L. alo) nourishment ; food ; support. AM-m6nt'al, a. nourishing ; nutritious. Al-i-ment'al-ly, ad. so as to nourish. Al-i-nient'a-ry, a. belonging to aliment. Al-i-men-ta'tion, n. the act of nourishing. Al'i-mo-ny, ft. the allowance to a married woman when separated from her husband. Al'i-quant, a. (L. aUquantus) parts of a number, which, however repeated, will never make up the number exactly : as 3 is an aliquant part of 10. Al'i-quot, a. (L.) parts of a number, which will measure it exactly, without any remainder : as 3 is an aliquot part of 12. A -live', a. {a, live) having life ; not dead ; active ; cheerful. AlTsa-li, n. (Ar. al, kalft a salt which w neutralizes acid : pi. al'ka-lies. -Al-ka-leYcent, a. slightly alkaline. Al'ka-line, a. having the qualities of alkali. All, a. (S. eall) the whole ; every one ; every part. — n. the whole ; every thing. — „ ad. quite ; completely ; wholly. All-fools-day', n. the first of April. All-fours', n. a low game at cards. All-hail', int. all health. — v. to salute. All-hal'low-rnass, All-hal'low-tIde,«. the term m near All-saints-day. All-saints-day', n. the first of November. All-souls-day', n. the second of November. Al-lay', v. (S. a, lecgan) to quiet ; to pacify ; to soothe. Al-lay'er, n. one who allays. Al-lay'ment, n. the act oii allaying. Al-lege', v. (L. ad, lego) to affirm ; to declare ; to plead in excuse. Al-l£ge'a-ble, a. that may be alleged. Al-le-ga'tion, n. affirmation ; plea ; excuse. Al-le'^iance, n. (L. ad, ligo) the duty of a subject to the government. Alle-go-ry, n. (Or. alios, agora) a figur- ative discourse, implying something that ia ^ not Literally expressed. Al-le-gor'ic, *Al-le-gor'i-cal, a. in the form of an allegory ; not literal. Al-le-goVi-cal-iy,ai/wm) hang- ing as by a thread. A-merce', v. (L. ad, merces) to punish by fine ; to intiict a penalty. A-merce'a-ble, a. liable to amercement. A-meVce'ment, n. punishment by fine. A-mer'i-can, a. pertaining to Ameri- ca- — n. a native of America. Ames-ace'. See Ambs-ace. Am'e-thyst, n. (Gr. a, methu) a pre- cious stone of a violet colour. Am-e-thyst'ine, a. resembling an amethyst. A'mi-a-ble, a. (L. amo) lovely ; pleas- „ ing ; charming ; deserving affection. Am-a-bll'i-ty, n. loveliness; power of pleasing. tube, tQb, full; cry, crypt, myrrh ; tdll, b0>-, Our, now, new ; cede, £em, raise, exist, thin. AMI 26 ANA A'mi-a-ble-ness, n. quality of being amiable. A'mi-a-bly, ad. in an amiable manner. Am'i-anth, Am-i-an'thus, n. (Gr. a, miaino) an incombustible mineral like flax. Am'i-ca-ble, a. (L. amicus) friendly ; „ kind ; obliging ; peaceable. Am'i-ca-ble-ness, n. friendliness ; good- will. Am'i-ca-bly, ad. in an amicable manner. Am'i-ty, n. friendship ; good- will. Am'ice, n. (L. amictus) the undermost part of a priest's habit. A -mid', A-midst', prep. (S. an, midd) in the midst ; mingled with ; among. A-miss', a. (S. missian) faulty ; wrong ; improper. — ad. in a faulty manner. Am'i-ty. See under Amicable. Am-mo'ni-ac, n. (L. Ammon) a drug. Am-mo-m'a-cal, a. pertaining to ammoniac ; having the properties of ammoniac. Am-mu-m'tion, n. (L. ad, munitum) military stores. Am'nes-ty, n. (Gr. a, mnestis) an act of general pardon. A-mong', A-mongst', prep. (S. amang) mingled with ; conjoined with. Am'o-ret, n. (L. amor) a lover. Am'o-rist, n. a lover ; a gallant. Am'o-rous, a. inclined to love. Am'o-rous-ly, ad. lovingly ; fondly. Am'o-rous-ness, n. fondness ; lovingness. A-mdur 7 , n. an affair of love ; an intrigue. A-mor'phous, a. (Gr. a,morphe) shape- less ; not having a regular form. A-mort', a. (L. ad, mors) in the state of the dead; dejected; depressed. A-mor-ti-za'tion, A-mor'tize-ment, n. the right of transferring lands to mortmain. A-mortize, v. to alienate lands. A -mount' v. (L. ad, mons) to rise to ; to compose in the whole. — n. the sum total. Am-pmb'i-ous, a. (Gr. amphi, bios) having the power of living in two elements ; partaking of two natures. Am-phi-bol'o-gy, n. (Gr. amphi, ballo, logos) discourse of uncertain meaning. Am-phi-bo-log'i-cal, a. doubtful ; equivocal. Am-phTb'o-lous, a. (Gr. amphi, ballo) tossed from one to another. Am-phlb'o-ly, n. ambiguity of meaning. Am-phis-bse'na, n. (Gr. amphis, baino) a serpent supposed to move with either end foremost. Am-phis'ci-I, n. (Gr. amphi, skia) the inhabitants of the torrid zone, whose sha- dows fall in one part of the year to the north, and in the other to the south. Am-phi-the'a-tre, n. (Gr. amphi, thea- tron) a building of a circular form, with seats all round. Am-phi-the-afri-cal, a. relating to exhibi- tions in an amphitheatre. Am pie, a. (L. amplus) large ; wide ; „ extended ; liberal ; diffusive. Am'ple-ness, n. largeness ; extensiveness. Am'pli-ate, v. to enlarge ; to extend. Am-pli-a/tion, n. enlargement ; diffusenesa Am'pli-fy, v. to enlarge ; to exaggerate. Am-pli-fi-ca'tion,tt. enlargement; extensiou. Anr'pli-fl-er, n. one who amplifies. Am'pli-tude, n. largeness ; extent ; capacity. Am'ply, ad. largely ; liberally ; copiously. Am'pu-tate, v. (L. am, puto) to cut off a limb. Am-pu-ta'tion, n. the act of cutting off a limb. Am'u-let, n. (L. a, moles) a 'charm against evil or mischance. A-muse', v. (L. a, musa) to entertain ; to divert ; to deceive. A-muse'ment, n. that which amuses. A-mus/ing, p. a. entertaining ; pleasing. A-mus/ive, a. having power to amuse. A-mus/ive-ly, ad. in an amusive manner. An, (S.) the indefinite article, placed before words beginning with the sound ol a vowel. An-a-bap'tist, n. (Gr. ana, bapto) one who holds the doctrine that adults only w should be baptized. An-a-bap'tism, n. the doctrine of Anabaptists. An-a-bap-tls r tic, An-a-bap-tts'ti-cal, a. re- „ bating to Anabaptists. An-a-bap'tls-try, n. the sect of Anabaptists. An-a-bap-tlze', v. to rebaptize. An-ach'o-rite, n. (Gr. ana, choreo) a monk who leads a solitary life ; a hermit. An-a-cho-ret'i-cal, a. relating to an anacho- rite or hermit. An-ach'ro-nism, n. (Gr. ana, chronos) an error in computing time. An-ach-ro-nls'tic, a. containing an anachro- nism ; erroneous in date. A-nac-re-on'tic, a. relating to Anac- reon s m the manner of Anacreou. An'a-deme, n. (Gr. ana, deo) a chaplet or crown of flowers. An-a-gog'ics, n. pi. (Gr. ana, ago) mys- w terious considerations. An-a-gftg'i-cal, a. elevated ; mysterious. An'a-gram, n. (Gr. ana, gramma) the change of one word into another by trans- posing the letters. An-a-gram-mat'i-cal, a. forming an anagram. An-a-gram-mat'i-cal-ly, ad. in the manner of w an anagram. An-a-gram'ma-tism, n. the act or practice of making anagrams. An-a-gram'ma-tist, n. a maker of anagrams. An-a-gram'ma-tlze, v. to make anagrams* An-a-lep'tic, a. (Gr. ana, lepsis) re- storative ; strengthening. A-naro-gy, n. (Gr. ana, logos) resem- ^ blance ; 'similarity ; proportion. An-a-log'i-cal, a. having analogy. An-a-16g'i-cal-ly,ad. in an analogical manner. A-nal r o-gIze, v. to explain by analogy. A-naFo-gous, a. having resemblance. A-nal"o-gous-ly, ad. in an analogous manner. Fate, fat, far, fall ; m6, met, there, he* ; pine, pin, field, fir ; note, not, nor, mdve, son ; ANA 27 ANI &n'a-lyze, v. (Gr. ana, luo) to resolve a compound into its first principles. A-naTy-sis, n. the separation of a compound _ into its constituent parts. An'a-Iyst, *♦. one who analyzes. An-a-lyt'ic, An-a-lyt'i-cal, a. pertaining to I analysis ; resolving into first principles. An-a-lyt'i-cal-ly, ad. in an analytical manner. An'a-lyz-er, n. one who analyzes. A-na'nas, n. the pine apple. An'a-pest, n. (Gr. ana, paio) a metri- cal foot, containing two short syllables and one long. An-a-peYtic, a. relating to the anapest. An'ar-chy, n. (Gr. a,arche) want of „ government ; disorder ; political confusion. An'arch, n. an author of confusion. A-nar'chic, A-nar'chi-cal, a. confused ; with- _ out rule or government. An'ar-chism, n. want of government. An'ar-chist, n. one who occasions confusion. An-a-sar'ca, n. (Gr. ana, sarx) a kind of dropsy. An-a-sar'cous, a. relating to anasarca. A-nas'tro-phe, n. (Gr. ana, strophe) a figure by which the order of the words is inverted. A-nath'e-ma, n. (Gr.) an ecclesiastical curse ; excommunication. A-nath'e-ma-tifm, n. excommunication. A-nath'e-ma-tlze, v. to pronounce accursed. A-nath-e-ma-tlz'er, n. one who pronounces an anathema or curse. A-nat'o-my, n. (Gr. ana, temno) the act of dissecting the body ; the structure of the body ; a skeleton. An-a-tom'i-cal, a. relating to anatomy. An-a t6m'i-cal-ly, ad. in an anatomical man- ner ; by means of dissection. A-nat'o-mist, n. one skilled in anatomy. A-nat'o-mize, v. to dissect ; to lay open. An'ces-tor, n. (L. ante, cessum) one from whom a person is descended. An'ces-tral, a. relating to ancestors. An'^es-try, n. a series of ancestors ; lineage. An'chor, n. (L. anchora) an iron in- struraent to hold a ship. — v. to cast anchor. An'chor-age, n. ground for anchoring in ; duty paid for liberty to anchor. Anchored, p. a. held by the anchor. An'chor-hold, n. the hold of an anchor. An'chor-smltn, n. a maker of anchors. An'cho-rlte. See Anachorite. An'cho-ress, n. a female recluse. An-cho'vy, n. (Sp. anchova) a small fish used as sauce. An'cient, a. (L. antiquum) old ; of _ old* time ; not modern. An'cients, n. pi. men of former times. An'cient-ly, ad. in old times. An'?ient-ness, n. existence from old times. An'cient-ry, n. honour of lineage. An'cient, n. (L. insigne) a flag ; the bearer of a flag. An-cllla-ry, a. (L.ancilla) subservient. And, con. (S.) the particle by which sentences or terms are joined. And'i-ron, and'i-urn, n. (hand, iron ?) the iron at the end of a grate, in which the spit turns, or on which wood is laid to burn. An'dro-gyne, n. (Gr. aner, gune) a kind of hermaphrodite. A n-drog'y-nal, a. having two sexes. An-dro|'y-nal-ly, aing. Ap-praiser, n. one wfto sets a price. tube, tub, fail ; cry, crypt, myrrh ; toll, bdy, Our, nOw, new ; cede, gem, raije, exist, thin. APP 32 ARC Ap-pre-ca tion, n. (L. ad, precor) ear- w nest prayer or well-wishing. Ap'pre-ca-to-ry, a. praying or wishing good. Ap-pre'9i-ate, v. (L. ad, pretium) to value ; to estimate. Ap-pre-ci-a'tion, n. valuation ; estimation. Ap-pre-hend', v. (L. ad, prehendo) to lay hold on ; to seize ; to conceive by the ^ mind ; to fear ; to notice. Ap-pre-hend'er, n. one who apprehends. Ap-pre-hen'si-ble, a. that may be appre- M hended or conceived. Ap-pre-hen'sion, n. the act of apprehending ; „ the faculty of conceiving ideas ; fear. Ap-pre-h6n'sive, a. quick to understand; v fearful ; suspicious. Ap-pre-hgn'sive-ness, n. the quality of being apprehensive. Ap-pren'tic^, n. (L. ad, prehendo) one bound to learn an art or trade. — v. to put out as an apprentice. Ap-prgn'tice-ship, n. the state or term of being an apprentice. Ap-prize', v. (Fr. appris) to inform ; to give notice. Ap-proach', v. (L. ad, proximus) to draw near. — n. act of drawing near ; access. Ap-proach'a-ble, a. that may be approached. Ap-proa^h'er, n. one who approaches. Ap-proach'ment, n. the act of coming near. Ap-pro-ba'tion, n. (L. ad, probo) the „ act of approving ; attestation. Ap'pro-ba-tive, a. implying approbation. Ap'pro-ba-to-ry, a. containing approbation. Ap-pro'pri-ate, v. (L. ad, proprius) to take as one's own ; to consign to some par- ticular use. — a. peculiar ; fit ; adapted to. Ap-pro'pri-a-ble, a. that may be appro- priated, or applied to a particular use. Ap-pro'pri-ate-ly, ad. fitly ; peculiarly. Ap-pro'pri-ate-ness, n. peculiar fitness. Ap-pr6-pri-a'tion, n. the setting apart of any thing for one's own use ; application to a particular purpose. Ap-pro'pri-a-tor, n. one who appropriates. Ap-prove', v. (L. ad, probo) to like ; to be pleased with ; to commend ; to prove. Ap-prov'a-ble, a. meriting approbation. Ap-prov'al* n. commendation. Ap-prov'ance, n. approbation. Ap-prove'ment, n approbation ; liking. Ap-prov'er, n. one who approves. Ap-prox'i-mate, v. (L. ad, proximus) to bring or draw near to. — a. near to. Ap-pr6x-i-ma r tion, n. a drawing near to. Ap-pulse', n. (L. ad, pulsum) the act of striking against. A'pri-cot, A'pri-cock, n. (Fr. abricot) a kind of wall-fruit. A'pril, n. {~L.Aprilis) the fourth month of the year. A'pron, n. (Ir. aprun) a cloth worn before, to keep the other dress clean. Ap'sig, n. (Gr.) the point in a planet's orbit, at the greatest or least distance from the sun or the earth : pi. ap'si-de§. Apt, a. (L. apto) fit; liable to; inclin- ed to ; ready ; quick ; qualified for. Ap'ti-tude, n. fitness ; tendency ; disposition. Apt'ly, ad. properly ; justly ; readily. Apt'ness, n. fitness ; quickness ; tendency. Ap'te-ra, n. (Gr. a, pteron) insects without wings. Ap'tote, n. (Gr. a, ptosis) a noun with- out cases. A-quat'ic, a. (L. aqua) pertaining to _ water ; living or growing in water. A/que-ous, a. of the nature of water. Aq'ue-duct, n. an artificial channel for water. Aq-ua-for'tis, n. nitric acid. Aq-ua-re'gi-a, n. nitro -muriatic acid. A-qua'ri-us, n. the water-bearer, one of the signs of the zodiac. Aq'ui-line, a. (L. aquila) like an eagle ; hooked. Ar'a-bic, a. belonging to Arabia, — w n. the language of Arabia. Ar'a-besque, a. in the manner of Arabian architecture and sculpture. Ar r a-ble, a. (L. aro) fit for tillage. A-ra'tion, n. the act of ploughing. A-ra'ne-ous, a. (L. aranea) like a cobweb. Ar^bal-ist. See under Archer. Arln-ter, n. (L.) a judge ; an umpire. AVbi-tra-ble, a. depending on the will. Ar-blt'ra-ment, n. determination ; choice. Ar'bi-tra-ry, a. despotic ; absolute. Ar'bi-tra-ri-ly, ad. despotically ; absolutely. Ar'bi-tra-ri-ness, n. tyranny ; choice. Ar'bi-trate, v. to decide ; to judge of. Ar-bi-tra'tion, n. the determination of a cause A by persons agreed upon by the parties. Ar'bi-tra-tor, n. an umpire ; a judge, Ar'bi-tress, n. a female umpire. Arlbour, n. (L. arbor) a shady bower. Ar-bo're-ous, a. belonging to trees. Ar-bo-reYfent, a. growing like a tree. Ar'bo-ret, n. a small tree or shrub. Ar r bo-rist, n. one who studies trees. Ar'bute, n. (L. arbutus) the straw- berry tree. Ar-bu'te-an, a. of the strawberry tree. Arc, n. (L. arcus) a segment of a circle. Ar-cade', n. a walk arched over. Arch, n. part of a circle or ellipse.— v. to A cover with an arch. Arched, a. in the form of an arch. Archlike, a. built like an arch. Arch'wl§e, ad. in the form of an arch. AVcu-ate, a. bent like an arch. Ar-ca'di-an, a. relating to Arcadia; pastoral; rural. Ar-ca'numj^XL.) a secret : jo/, ar-ca'na. Arch, a. (Gr. archos) chief ; principal; A roguish ; waggish ; sly ; shrewd. Arch'i-cal, a. chief; primary. Arch'ly, ad. waggishly ; shrewdly. Fate, fat, far, fall; me, met, there, her; pine, p!n, field, fir; note, not, nor, move, son; ARC 33 AM Ai^h'ness, n. shrewdness ; sly humour. Ar-cha/ic, a. (Gr. archaios) ancient. Ar'cha-ism, n. an ancient phrase. Ar-chae-6l'o-gy, Ar-chai-ol'o-gy, n. know- ledge of antiquity. Arch-an'gel, n. (Gr. archos, angelos) ^ an angel of the highest order. Arch-an-geTic, a. belonging to the archangels. Arch-bTsh'op,ra.(Gr. archos, epi,skopeo) „ a bishop who superintends other bishops. Arch-bLsh'op-ric, n. the state or jurisdiction of an archbishop. Ar-chi-e-pls'co-pa-cy, n. the state and dig- „ nity of an archbishop. Ar-chi-e-pls'co-pal, a. belonging to an arch- bishop. Arch-dea'con, n. 'Gr. archos, dia, ko- neo) one who supplies the place of a bishop. Arch-dea'con-ry, n. the othce, jurisdiction, or residence of an archdeacon. Ar-chi-di-ac'o-nal, a. belonging to an arch- deacon. Aryh-duke', n. (Gr. archos, L. dux) a , title of some sovereign princes. Arch-du'cal, a. belonging to an archduke. Arch-duch'ess, n. the wife, daughter, or ^ sister of an archduke. Arch-duch'y, Arch-duke'dom, n. the terri- tory ot an archduke. Arch'er, n. (L. arcus) one who shoots ^ with a bow. Arch'er-y, n. the use of the bow. Ar'cu-bal-ist, Ar'bal-ist, n. a cross-bow. Ar-cu-bal'is-ter, Ar'bal-is-ter, n. a cross-bow- man. Ar'che-type, n. (Gr. archos, tupos) the , original'; the model ; the pattern. Ar'che-ty-pal, a. original. Ar-chi-peTa-go, n. (Gr. archos, pela- gos ?) a sea abounding in small islands. Ar'chi-tect, n. (Gr. archos, tektoii) a , professor of the art of building ; a builder. Ar'chi-tgc-tive, a. performing the work of architecture ; used in building. Ar-chi-tec-ton'ic, a. having skill to build. Ai / chi-t6c-ture,n.the art orscience of building. Ar-chi-tSc'tu-ral, a. relating to architecture. Ar'chi-trare, n. (Gr. archos, L. trabs) that part of an entablature which rests immediately on the capital. Ar'chlve§,n. pi. (GT.archeion)th.e place where records or ancient writings are kept. Ar'chon, n. (Gr.) the chief magistrate among the ancient Athenians. Arc'tic, a. (Gr. arktos) northern. Ar'cu-ate. See under Arc. Ar'cu-bal-ist. See under Archer. Ar'dent, a. (L. ardeo) hot ; burning ; a fiery ; vehement ; passionate. Ar'den-cy, n. heat ; warmth ; eagerness. AVdent-ly, ad. with warmth ; eagerly. ArMour, n. heat ; fervour ; eagerness. Ar'du-ous, a. (L. arduus) lofty ; hard A to climb ; difficult. ArMu-ous-ness, n. height ; difficulty. Are, third person, plural number, in- dicative mood, present tense of to be. A're-a, n. (L.) an open surface ; the superficial contents of a figure. Ar'e-ff, v. (L. areo) to make dry. Ar-e-fac'tion, ji. the act or state of drying. A-re'na, n. (L.) a place covered with _ sand for combats. Ar-e-na'ceous, a. sandy ; like sand. Ar-e-op'a-gite, n. (Gr. Ares, pagos) a member of the court of Areopagus at Athens. Ar'gent, a. (L. argentum) silvery ; bright like silver. Ar'gil, n. (L. argilla) potter's clay. Ar-gil-la'ceous, a. of the nature of clay. Ar-gll'lous, a. consisting of clay. Ar'go-naut, n. (Gr. Argo, nautes) one . who sailed in the ship Argo. Ar-go-naut'ic, a. pertaining to the Argonauts. Ar'go-sy, n. a merchant ship. Ar'gue, r. (L. arguo) to reason ; to dispute ; to debate ; to prove. Ar'gu-er, n. a reasoner ; a disputer. Ar'gu-ing, n. reasoning ; argument. Ar'gu-ment, n. a reason alleged ; the subject A of any discourse ; controversy. Ar-gu-inent'al, a. belonging to'argument. Ar-gu-men-ta'tion, n. the act of reasoning. Ar-gu-ment'a-tive, a. consisting of argument. Ar-gu-ment'a-tive-ly, ad. by argument. Ar'gu-nien-tlze, v. to debate ; to reason. Ar-giitc', a. (L. arc/utus) sharp ; witty. Ar-gute'ness, 11. acuteness ; wittiness. A'ri-an, /?. one of the sect of Arius, _ who denied the divinity of Christ. A'ri-an-ism, n. the doctrine of the Arians. Ar'id, a. (L. areo) dry ; parched. A-rld'i-ty, n. dryness. A'ri-es, n. (L.) the ram, one of the _ signs of the zodiac. Ar-i-e-ta'tion, n. the act of butting like a ram. A-right', a-rit', ad. (a, right) rightly. A-ri-o-la'tion, Har-i-o-lii'tion, n. (L. hariolus) soothsaying ; foretelling. A-rlse', v. (S. arisan) to mount up- ward ; to get up ; to proceed from : p. L a-rose' ; p. p. a-rls'en. Ar'is-tar-chy, n. (Gr. aristos, arche) a body of good men in power. Ar-is-toc , ra-5) T , n. (Gr. aristos, kratos) government by the nobles ; the principal _ persons in the state. Ar'is-to-crat, n. one who favours aristocracy. Ar-is-to-crat'ic, Ar-is-to-crat'i-cal, a. relat- ing to aristocracy. tube, tub, full; cry, crypt, myrrh; toll, bO?, 6ur, now, new; cede, gem, raise, exist, thin. ARI 34 ART Ar-is-to-erat'i-cal-ly, ad. in an aristocratical manner. Ar-is-to-teli-an,a .relating to A ristotle. A-ritn'me-tic, n. (Gr. arithmos) the w science of numbers. Ar-ith-mSt'i-cal, a. relating to arithmetic. Ar-ith-metl-cal-ly, ad. by arithmetic A-rIth-me-tI'cian,?4.one skilled in arithmetic. Ark, n. (L. area) a chest ; a close vessel. Arm, n. (S. earm) the limb which reaches from the hand to the shoulder ; a „ bough of a tree ; an inlet of the sea. Arm'ful, n. what the arms can hold. Armless, a. without an arm. Armlet, w. a little arm ; a bracelet. Armliole, Arm'plt, n. the cavity under the shoulder. Arm, v.(lt. armo) to furnish with arms; m to take arms ; to provide against. Arms, n. pi. weapons of offence or defence ; a state of hostility ; ensigns armorial. Ar-ma'da, n. (Sp.) a naval armament. Ar-ma-dlllo, n. (Sp.) an animal, armed A with a bony shell. Ar'ma-ment/n. a force equipped for war. Ar'ma-ture, n. armour for defending the body. Ar-mip'o-tent, a. powerful in arms. Ar'mis-^e, n. a cessation from arms. Ar'mour, n. defensive arms. Ar'mor-er, n. one who makes or sells arms. Ar-mo'ri-al, a. belonging to the arms or „ escutcheon of a family. Ar'mo-ry, n. the place in which arms are kept. Arlny, n. a large body of armed men. Arlnour-bear-er, n. one who carries the ar- mour of another. Ar-milla-ry, a. (L. armilla) resem- bling a bracelet. Ar-mm'ian, a. relating to the doctrine of Arminius. — n. a follower of Arminius. Ar-mln'ian-ism, n. the doctrine of Arminius. A-ro'ma, n. (Gr.) the fragrant prin- „ ciple in plants. Ar-o-matlc,Ar-o-mat'i-cal,a.spicy; fragrant. Ar-o-matlc, n. 2l fragrant drug. Ar'o-ina-tize, v. to scent ; to perfume. ArVma-tlz-er, n. that which perfumes. A -rose', p. t. of arise. A -round", ad. (a, round) in a circle ; on every side.— prep, about ; encircling. A -rouse', v. (a, rouse) to wake from sleep ; to raise up ; to excite. A-row 7 , ad. (a, row) in a row. A-roynt' , int. (Fr. ronger I) begone ; away. Ar-peg'gi-o, n. (It.) distinct instru- mental chords accompanying the voice. Ar'que-buse, n. (Fr.) a hand-gun. Ar-que-bu-sade', n. the shot of an arquebuse ; , a distilled water for wounds. Ar-que-bu-sier 7 , n. a soldier armed with an arquebuse. Ar'rack. A-rack', n. a spirituous liquor distilled in the East Indies. Ar-raign', ar-ran', v. (S. wregan \) to indict ; to accuse ; to charge. Ar-raign'ment, n. the act of arraigning. Ar- range', v. (Fr. ranger) to put in proper" order ; to adjust ; to settle. Ar-range'ment, n. the act of putting in order ; adjustment; settlement; classification. Ar-rang'er, n. one who arranges. Ar'rant, a. (L. erro?) infamous. Ar'rant-ly, ad. infamously ; shamefully. Ar'ras, n. a kind of tapestry, manu- factured at Arras in France. Ar-ray', v. (S. wrigan \) to deck ; to put in order. — n. dress ; order. Ar-rear r , n. (L. ad, retro X) that which remains unpaid. Ar-rear'age, n. the remainder of a debt. Ar-rect', a. (L. ad. rectum) upright ; erect; attentive. Ar-rep'tion, n. (L. ad, raptum) the w act of snatching away. Ar-rep-tl'tious, a. snatched away ; mad. Ar-rest', v. (L. ad, re, sto) to stop ; to obstruct ; to seize under a legal process. — n. seizure under a legal process. Ar-rTve', v. (L. ad, ripa) to come to a place ; to reach ; to happen. Ar-rl'val, n. the act of coming to a place. Ar'ro-gate, v. (L. ad, rogo) to claim _ proudly or vainly ; to assume. Ar'ro-gance, Ar'ro-gan-cy, n. assumption of _ too much importance. Ar'ro-gant, a. assuming ; haughty ; proud. Ar'ro-gant-ly, ad. in an arrogant manner. Ar-ro-ga'tion, n. the act of arrogating. Ar'ro-ga-tive, a. claiming unjustly. Ar'row, n. (S. arewa) the pointed weapon shot from a bow. AVrow-y, a. like an arrow. Ar'se-nal, n. (L. arx, navalis I) a ma- gazine of military or naval stores. Ar'se-nic, n. (Gr. arsen) a mineral poison. Ar-senl-cal, a. containing arsenic. Ar'son, n. (L. arsum) the crime of houseburning. Art, second person singular, indicative mood, present tense of to be. Art, n. (L. ars) the power of doing ; A skill ; a trade ; dexterity ; cunning. Art'ful, a. skilful ; cunning. Art'ful-ly, ad. skilfully ; cunningly. Art'ful-ness, n. skill ; cunning. Ar'ti-flce, n. trick ; fraud; trade. Ar-tlf i-?er, n. a mechanic ; a contriver.- Ar-ti-fl'cial, a. made by art ; not natural. Ar-ti-fl-ci-al'i-ty, n. quality of being artificial. Ar-ti-f I'cial-ly, ad. by art ; not naturally. Artl-san, n. a mechanic ; a handicraftsman. Fate, fat, far, fall ; me, m6t, there, her ; pine, pin, field, fir ; note, not, nor, m6v«, son ; ART 35 ASP Art'ist, n. a skilful man ; one who practises ^ any of the tine arts. Art'Iess, a. unskilful ; void of fraud ; simple. Artless-ly, ad. in an artless manner. Art'less-ness, n. want of art. Arts'man, n a man skilled in arts. Ar'te-ry, n. (Gr. aer, tereo) a vessel which conveys the blood from the heart to the different parts of the body. Ar-te'ri-al, a. relating to an artery. Ar-thrit'ic, Ar-thrit'i-cal, a. (Gr. ar- thron) relating to the joints or to the gout. Ar'ti-^hoke, n. (Fr. artichaut) an escu- lent plant, resembling a thistle. Ar'ti-cle, n. (L. artus) one of the parts of speech ; a single clause of an account ; a stipulation. — v. to draw up or bind by articles ; to stipulate. Ar-Uc'u-late, a. jointed ; distinct. — v. to utter words distinctly. Ar-tlc'u-Late-ly, ad. in an articulate voice. Ar-tlc-u-la'tion, n. distinct utterance ; a joint. Ar-tSler-y, n. (Fr. artillerie) missive weapons of war ; cannon ; ordnance. A-rus'pice, n. (L. aruspex) a sooth- sayer ; a diviner by the entrails of beasts. A-rus'pi-cy, n. the act of prognosticating by inspecting the entrails of sacrifices. As, con. (S. ase) in the same or like manner ; in the manner that ; that — ad. similarly ; in respect of; for example. As-a-foet'i-da, n. (asa, L. foetidus) a gum resin of an offensive smell. As-bes'tos, n. (Gr. a, sbeo) a mineral substance, fibrous and incombustible. As-beVtine, a. pertaining to asbestos ; in- combustible. As-cend', v. (L. ad, scando) to climb up ; to move upwards ; to rise. As-pen'dant, n. height ; elevation ; superi- ority. — a. superior ; above the horizon. As-pfin'den-py, n. influence ; power. As-pen'sion, n. the act of ascending. As-cen'sive, a. rising ; tending to rise. As-pgnt', n. the act of rising; an eminence. As-pen'sion-day, n. the day on wbich the ascension of our Saviour is commemorated. As-cer-tain', v. (L. ad, certus) to make certain ; to establish ; to determine. As-per-tain'a-ble, a. that may be ascertained. As-per-tain'ment, n. the act of ascertaining. As-cet'ic, a. (Gr. askeo) employed in devout exercises ; austere n. a devout recluse ; a hermit. As-p6t'i-pi§m, n. the state of an ascetic. As'ci-I, n. pi. (Gr. a, skia) people living in the torrid zone, who, at certain times of the year, have no shadow at noon. As-crtes, n. (Gr. askos) a species of dropsy ; a swelling of the abdomen. As-plt'ic, As-plt'i-cal, a. dropsical. As-£ J-^i-tftious, a. (L. ad, scitum) addi- tional; supplemental. A-scribe', v. (L. ad, scribo) to attribute to as a cause ; to impute ; to assign. A-scrlb'a-ble, a. that may be ascribed. A-scrlp'tion, n. the act of ascribing. As-crip-tl'tious, a. that is ascribed. Ash, n. (S. cbsc) a tree, or its wood. Ash'en, a. made of ash. Ash'col-oured, a. between brown and gray, like the bark of ash. A-shamed', a. (a, shame) affected by shame; abashed; confused. Ash'es, n. pi. (S. asce) the remains of _ any thing burnt ; the remains of a dead body. Ash'y, a. like ashes ; pale. Ash Wednesday, n. the first day of Lent. A-shore', ad. (a, shore) on shore ; to the shore ; stranded. A/sian, a. relating to Asia. A-sVat'ic, a. belonging to Asia.— n. a native _ or inhabitant of Asia. A-§i-at'i-pism, n. imitation of the Asiatics. A-sIde', ad. (a, side) to one side ; apart. Asl-nme. See under Ass. Ask, v. (S. acsian) to beg ; to petition ; to demand ; to question ; to inquire. Ask'er, n. a petitioner; an inquirer. As-kance', As-kant', ad. (I>. schuin) sideways ; obliquely. As-kew', ad. (Dan. skioev) obliquely ; contemptuously. A-slant', ad. (a, slant) obliquely ; on one side. A-sleep', ad. (a, sleep) sleeping. A-slope', ad. (S. aslupan) with de- clivity ; obliquely. Asp, As'pic, n. (Gr. aspis) a poison- ous serpent. Asp, As'pen, n. (S. aespe) a species of poplar, with trembling leaves. As'pen, a. relating to the aspen tree. As-paVa-gus,n. (L.) an esculent plant. As'pect, n. (L. ad, spectum) look ; countenance ; view ; situation. As'per-ate, v. ( L. asper) to make rough. As-p£r'i-ty, n. roughness ; harshness. As'per-ous, a. rough ; uneven. A-sperse', v. (L. ad, sparsiim) to slander ; to calumniate ; to cast upon. A-sper'sion, n. a sprinkling; calumny. As-phaTtos (Gr.) As-phaTtum (L.) n. bitumen ; Jew's pitch. As-phal'tic, a. bituminous ; gummy. As'pho-del,7i.(Gr. asphodelos) day-lily. A-spire', v. (L. ad, spiro) to desire eagerly ; to pant after ; to aim at. A-spIr'ant, n. one who aspires ; a candidate. As'pi-rate, v. to pronounce with full breath. — a. pronounced with full breath. — n. the mark of aspiration. As-pi-ra'tion, n. a breathing after ; an ardent wish ; act of pronouncing with full breath. tube, tfeb, fail ; cry, crypt, myrrh ; t&Il, boy, 6ur, n6w, new ; pede, gem, raise, exist, thin. ASP 36 AST A-spIre'ment, n. the act of aspiring. A-spIr'er, ft. one who aspires. A-spir'ing, n. the desire of something great. As-por-ta'tion, n. (L. abs, porto) the act of carrying' away. A-squmt', ad. (D. schuin) obliquely. Ass,n. (L. asinus) an animal of burden. As'i-nlne, a. pertaining to an ass. Ass'head, ft. a dull person ; a blockhead, As-sail', v. (L. ad, salio) to fall upon ; to attack ; to invade. As-sail'a-ble, a. that may be attacked. As-sail'ant, a. attacking. — ft. one who attacks. As-sail'er, n. one who attacks. As-sail'ment, ft. the act of assailing. As-sas'sin, n. (Fr.) a secret murderer. As-sas'si-nate, v. to murder secretly. As-sas-si-na'tion, ft. the act of murdering. As-sas'si-na-tor, n. one who assassinates. As-sault', v. (L. ad, saltum) to attack with violence. — ft. an attack ; an onset. As-sault'a-ble, a. that may be assaulted. As-sault'er, n. one who assaults. As-say', v. (Fr . essay er) to try or prove, as metals. — ft. a trial ; examination. As-say'er, w. one who assays metals. As-se-cu'tion, n. (L. ad, secutum) acquirement ; act of obtaining. As-sem'ble, v. (L. ad, simul) to bring together ; to meet together. As-s6m'blage, ft. a collection of individuals. As-s6m'bler, ft. one who assembles. As-semlaling, n. a meeting together. As-sem'bly, ft. a company ; a convocation. As-s6m'bly-r66m, w. a room in which persons assemble, especially at public meetings. As-sent', v. (L. ad, sentio) to agree to ; to admit as true ; to concede. — ft. the act . of agreeing to ; consent. As-sen-ta'tion, ft. compliance out of flattery. As-s6nt'er, ft. one who assents ; a favourer. As-sgnt'ment, ft. agreement ; consent. As-sert', v. (L. ad, sertum) to affirm ; to maintain ; to claim. As-seVtion,ft.theact of asserting; affirmation. As-ser'tive, a. positive ; dogmatical. As-seytive-ly, ad. affirmatively. As-ser'tor, n. a maintainer ; a vindicator. As'ser-to-ry, a. affirming ; supporting. As-sess', v. (L. ad, sessum) to rate ; to fix the proportion of a tax. As-ses'sion-a-ry, a. pertaining to assessors. As-sess'ment, 'ft. the act of assessing; the sum levied on certain property. As-ses'sor, n. one who assesses ; an assistant in council. As'sets, n. pi. (L. ad, satis) goods suf- ficient to discharge all legal claims. As-seVer, As-seVer-ate, v. (L. ad, se- verus) to affirm solemnly. As-s6v-er-a'tion, n. solemn affirmation. As-si-du'i-ty, n. (L. ad, sedeo) dili- gence ; closeness of application. As-sld'u-ous, a. constant in application. As-sld'u-ous-ly, ad. diligently; constantly. As-sTd'u-ous-ness, ft. constant application. As-sign', as-sln', v. (L. ad, signo) to mark out ; to apportion ; to make over.— ft. one to whom assignment is made. As-slgn'a-ble, a. that may be assigned. As-sig-na'tion, w. an appointment to meet. As-sign-ee', ft. one to whom assignment is made; one appointed or deputed by another. As-sign'er, ft. one who assigns. As-slgn'ment, ft. the act of assigning; a transfer of title or interest. As-sTm'i-late, v. (L. ad, similis) to make or grow like. As-slm'i-la-ble, a. that may be made like. As-sim-i-la'tion, ft. the act of assimilating. As-slm / i-la-tive,a.having power to assimilate. As-sist', v. (L. ad, sisto) to help. As-slst'ance, ft. help ; aid ; succour. As-slst'ant, a. helping ; aiding. — ft. one who assists ; a helper. As-slst'less, a. without help. As-size', n. (L. ad, sessum) a court held twice a-year to try causes by a judge and jury ; a statute for determining weight or price.— v. to fix a rate of weight or price. As-slz'er, n. an officer who inspects weights and measures. As-so'ci-ate, v. (L. ad, socius) to unite with; to join in company. — a. joined with ; confederate. — ft. a companion ; a partner. As-so-ci-a'tion, ft. union; confederacy; part- nership ; connexion ; an assembly. As-scVci-a-tor, ft. a confederate. As-soTl', v. (L. ab, solvo) to solve ; to set free ; to acquit. As-sort', v. (L. ad, sors) to class ; to arrange into kinds of like quality. As-sort'ment, ft. the act of classing ; a quan- tity selected or arranged. As-suage', v. (L. ad, suavis ?) to soften ; to mitigate ; to abate. As-suage'ment, ft. mitigation ; abatement. As-sua'sive, a. softening ; mitigating. As'sue-tude, n. (L. ad, suetum) cus- tom; habit; use. As-sume', v. (L.ad, sumo) to take to ; to take for granted ; to arrogate. As-sum'er, ft. one who assumes. As-sQm'ing, p. a. arrogant ; haughty. As-sump'tion, w. the act of taking; suppo- sition ; the thing supposed. As-sump'sit, ft. the legal term for a volun- tary promise. As-sur e',v.(L. ad, securus)to give confi- dence ; to make secure ; to assert positively. As-sur'ance, ft. certain expectation; confi- dence ; want of modesty ; security. As-sured', p. a. certain ; not doubting. As-sQr'ed-ly, ad. certainly ; indubitably. As-sur'ed-ness, ft. the state of being assured. As-sur'er, ft. one who assures. As'ter-isk, n. (Gr. aster) a star or mark in printing, as *. AVter-ism, ft. a constellation ; an asterisk. As'ter-61d, ft. a name of the four small planets between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter. Fate, fat, far, fall ; rag, met, there, her ; pine, pin, field, fir ; note, n6t, nor, move, son ; AST ATR A-stern', ad. (a, stern) at the hinder part of a ship. Asth'ma, ast'ma, n. (Gr.) shortness of breath ; difficulty of breathing. Asth-mat'ic, Asth-mat'i-«al, a. troubled with asthma. As-ton'ish, v. (L. ad, tono) to amaze ; to surprise ; to confound. As-tOn'ish-ing, a. wonderful ; surprising. As-ton'ish-ing-ly, ad. in a surprising manner. As-tOn'ish-ment, n. amazement ; surprise. As-tOund', v. to strike with amazement. As'tra-gal, n. (Gr. astragalos) the moulding round the top and bottom of a column. As'tral, a. (Gr. aster) starry. A-stray', ad. (a, strat/) out of the right way. A-strict', v. (L. ad, slrictum) to bind. A-strlc'tion, n. the act of binding. A-strlc'tive, a. binding ; contracting. A-stride', ad. (a, stride) with the legs apart. A-strin^e', v. (L. ad, stringo) to bind together ; to contract. A.-strIn'gen-9y, n. the power of contracting. A-strln'gent, a. binding ; contracting. — n. medicine which contracts. X.s'tro-labe, n. (Gr. aster, labein) an instrument formerly used to take the alti- tude of the sun or stars. As-trol'o-gy, n. (Gr. aster, logos) the pretended science of foretelling by the stars. As-tr6l'o-ger, As-tro-lo'gi-an, n. one who pro- ^ fesses to foretell events by the stars. As-tro-l6g'ic, As-tro-lOg'i-cal, a. relating to „ astrology ; professing astrology. As-tro-lOg'i-cal-ly, ad. accordingly astrology. As-tron'o-my, n. (Gr. aster, nomos) the science which treats of the heavenly bodies. As-trOn'o-mer, n. one skilled in astronomy. As-tro-nOm'ic, As-tro-n6m'i-cal, a. pertain- ing to astronomy. As-tro-nfim'i-cal-ly, ad. in an astronomical manner ; by the principles of astronomy. As-trOn'o-mlze, v. to study astronomy. As-tro-the-6To-gy, n. (Gr. aster, theos, logos) proof of a deity founded on the obser- vation of the heavenly bodies. A- strut', ad. (a, strut) in a strutting manner. As-tute', a. (L. astutus) cunning ; shrewd; penetrating; sharp. A-sun'der, ad. {a, sunder) apart ; separately ; not together. A-sylum, n. (L.) a place of retreat. A-sym'me-try, n. (Gr. a, sun, metron) want of proportion. A-sym'me-tral, A-sym-met'ri-cal, a. not hav- ing symmetry ; not agreeing ; diiiering. As'ymp-tote, n. (Gr. a, sun, pipto) a line which continually approaches a curve without ever meeting it. A-syn'de-ton, n. (Gr. a, sun, deo) a figure which omits the conjunctions. At, prep. (S. cet) denoting nearness, presence, or direction towards. At'a-bal, n. (Sp.) a kind of tabor. At'a-rax-y, n. (Gr. a, tarasso) calm- ness of mind ; tranquillity. At'ax-y, n. (Gr. a, taxis) want of order ; disturbance ; confusion. Ate, p. t. of eat. Ath-a-na'sian, a. relating to the creed of Athanasius.—n. a follower of Athanasius. A'the-ism, n. (Gr. a, theos) disbelief _ in the existence of a God. A'the-ist, n. one who denies the existence _ of a God. A-the-Is'tic, A-the-ls'ti-cal, a. pertaining to _ atheism ; impious. A-the-Is'ti-cal-ness, n. the being atheistical A-the-Is'ti-cal-ly,«<2.in an atheistical manner. A'the-ous, a. ungodly ; profane. A-thirst', adXa, thirst) in want of drink. Athlete, n. (Gr. athletes) a contender for victory of strength ; a wrestler. Ath-let'ic, a. strong of body ; vigorous. A-thwart', prep, {a, thwart) across ; from side to side. — ad. crossly ; wrong. A -tilt', ad. (a, tilt) in the manner of a tilter ; in a raised posture. Atlas, n. (Gr.) a collection of maps. At-lan-te'an, a. pertaining to Atlas. At-lan'tic, a. relating to the ocean on the west of Europe and Africa. At'mos-phGre, n. (Gr. atmos, sphaira) the air which encompasses the earth. At-raos-pher'ic, At-mos-pher'i-cal, a. be- longing to the atmosphere. At'om, n. (Gr. a, temno) an extremely small particle. A-tOm'i-cal, a. pertaining to atoms. At'om-ism, n. the doctrine of atoms. At'om-ist, n. one who holds the doctrine of atoms. A -tone', v. (at, one) to make satisfac- tion for ; to expiate ; to reconcile. A-tone'ment, n. expiation ; satisfaction. A -top', ad. (a, top) on or at the top. At-ra-bi-la'ri-an, At-ra-bi-la'ri-ous, a. (L. ater, bills) affected with black bile ; melancholy. At-ra-ment'al, At-ra-ment'ous, a. (L. atramentum) inky ; black. A-tro'cious, a. (L. atrox) wicked in a high degree ; enormous ; outrageous. A-tro'cious-ly, ad. in an atrocious manner. A-trO^ious-ness, n. enormous wickedness. A-trO^i-ty, n. horrible wickedness. At'ro-phy, n. (Gr. a, trepho) a wast- ing away. tube, tub, full ; cr?, er^pt, myrrh ; toil, bay, Our, now, new ; cede, gem, raise, e^ist, thin. aTT 38 AUG At-tach', v. (Fr. attacker) to take ; to seize ; to fix ; to win ; to gain over. At-tach'ment, n. adherence ; fidelity ; union of affection ; an apprehension. At-tack', v. (Fr. attaquer) to assault ; to fall upon. — n. an assault ; an onset. At-task'er, n. one who attacks. At-tain', v. (L. ad, teneo) to gain; to come to ; to reach ; to arrive at. A.t-tain'a-ble, a. that maybe attained. At-tain'a-ble-ness, n. the being attainable. At-tain'ment, n. that which is attained. At-taint', v. (L. ad, tinctum) to dis- grace; to corrupt; to find guilty of treason. At-tain'der, n. the act of attainting. At-taint'ment, n. the state of being attainted. At-taint'ure, n. imputation ; reproach. At-tem'per, v. (L. ad, tempero) to mingle ; to soften ; to regulate ; to fit to. At-t8m'per-ate, a. proportioned ; suited. At-tempt', v. (L. ad,tento) to try ; to endeavour. — n. a trial ; an attack. At-tempt'a-ble, a. that may be attempted. At-tSmpt'er, n. one who attempts. At-tend', v. (L. ad, tendo) to fix the mind upon ; to wait on ; to accompany. At-t£nd'ance, n. the act of waiting on ; ser- vice ; the persons waiting. At-tend'ant, a. accompanying. — n. one who attends, or is present. At-tSnd'er, n. a companion ; an associate. At-t6nt' ? a. heedful ; regardful. At-tSn'tion, n. the act of attending ; civility. At-teVtive, a. full of attention ; heedful. At-ten'tive-ly, ad. heedfully ; carefully. At-tSn'tive-ness, n. state of being attentive. At-ten'u-ate, v. (L. ad, tenuis) to make thin or slender. — a. made thin. At-ten'u-ant, a. making thin. At-ten-u-a'tion, n. the act of making thin. At-test', v. (L. ad, testis) to bear wit- _ ness to ; to affirm ; to invoke. At-tes-ta'tion, n. testimony ; evidence. At-test'er, At-test'or, n. a witness. At'tic, a. relating to A ttica or Athens ; elegant ; classical. — n. a native of Attica ; w the uppermost room in a house ; a garret. At'ti-cl§e, v. to use atticisms. At'ti-ci^m, n. an Attic idiom. At-tlre', v. (S. tier) to dress ; to ar- ray.— n. clothes ; dress ; the headdress. At-tlr'ing, ». dress ; the headdress. At'ti-tude, n. (L. apto) posture ; po- sition ; gesture. At-tol'lent, a. (L. ad, tollo) lifting up. At-torn', v. (L. ad, torno) to transfer the service of a vassal or tenant. At-tor'ney, n. one who acts for another, especially in matters of law. At-tor'ney-ship, n. the office of an attorney. At-torn'ment, n. the yielding to a new lord. At-traot', v. (L. ad, tractum) to draw to ; to allure ; to entice ; to engage. At-trac r ta-ble, a. that may be attracted. At-trac-ta-bll'i-ty, n. quality of attracting. At-tr&c'tionjn. the act or power of drawing to. At-trac'tive, a. drawing to ; alluring; inviting. At-trac'tive-ly, ad. in an attractive manner. At-trac r tive-ness, n. the being attractive. At-trac'tor, n. one that attracts. At'tra-hent, n. that which attracts. At-trib'ute, v. (L. ad, tributum) to give w as due ; to ascribe ; to impute. At'tri-bute, n. the thing attributed ; a quality. At-trlb'u-ta-ble, a. that may be attributed. At-tri-bu'tion, n. the act of attributing. At-trlb'u-tive, a. expressing an attribute — n. a word expressing an attribute. At-trlte', a. (L. ad, tritum) worn by rubbing ; grieved for sin. At-trl'tion, n. the act of wearing ; grief for sin. At-tiine', v. (L. ad, tonus) to make musical ; to adjust one sound to another. Auburn, a. (S. bruri) brown ; of a dark tan colour. Atic'tion, n. (L. auctum) a public sale „ by bidding ; the things sold by auction. Auc / tion-a-ry, a. belonging to an auction. Auc-tion-eCr r , n. one who sells by auction. Au-da'cious, a. (L. audaoc) bold ; im- „ pudent ; daring ; confident. Au-da'cious-ly, ad. boldly; impudently. Au-da'cious-ness, n. boldness ; impudence. Au-dac'i-ty, n. boldness ; effrontery. Au'di-ble, a. (L. audio) that may be „ heard ; loud enough to be heard. Au'di-bly, ad. so as to be heard. Au'di-ence, n. the act of hearing; admit- „ tance to a hearing ; an assembly of hearers. Au'dit, n. a final account. — v. to examine „ and adjust an account. Au'di-tor, n. a hearer ; one who examines w and adjusts an account. Au'di-tor-ship, n. the office of an auditor. Au'di-to-ry, a. having the power of hearing. — n. an assembly of hearers ; a place where „ lectures are to be heard. Au'di-tress, n. a female hearer. Au'ger, Au'gre, n. (S. nafe-gar ?) a tool for boring holes. Aught, at, n. (S. aht) any thing. Aug-ment', v. (L. augeo) to increase. Aug'ment;, n. increase ; state of increase. Aug-ment'a-ble, a. that may be increased. Aug-men-ta'tion, n. the act of increasing ; state of being increased ; the thing added. Aug-ment'a-tive, a. that augments. Aug-ment'er, n. one who augments. Au'gur, n. (L.) one who predicts by „ omens ; a soothsayer. — v. to predict by signs. Au'gu-rate, v. to judge by augury. Au-gu-ra'tion, n. the practice of augury. Au-gu'ri-al, a. relating to augury. Au'gu-rous, a. predicting ; foreboding. Au'gu-ry, n. prediction by omens. Aii-gust', a. (L. augustus) grand ; m magnificent ; majestic ; awful. Au-gtist'ness, n. dignity; majesty. Au'gust, n. the eighth month of the year, named in honour of Augustus Caesar. Fate, fat, far, fall; me, met, there, her; pine, pin, field, fir; note, n&t, nor, m6ve, son AUG 39 AVO Au-gusfan, a. pertaining to Augustus. Au-la/ri-an, n. (L. aula) the member of a hall. Au1ic, a. pertaining to a royal court. Aunt, n. (L. amita) a father's or mo- ther's sister. Au/re-ate, a. (L. aurum) golden. Au-reli-a, n. the chrysalis of an insect. Au-rlf er-ous, a. producing gold. Au'ri-cle, n. (L. auris) the external ear ; an appendage of the heart. Au-rTc'u-la, n. bear's ear, a flower. Au-rlc'u-lar, a. pertaining to the ear ; secret. Au-rlc'u-lar-ly, ad. in a secret manner. Au-ru'ra, n. (L.) the dawn of the day. Au-ro'ra Bo-re-a'lis, n. (L.) a meteor seen in the northern hemisphere. Aus-cul-ta'tion, n. (L. auris, cultum) a hearkening or listening to. Aus'pice, n. (L. avis, specie) an omen drawn from birds ; protection ; influence. Aus'pi-cate, v. to foreshow. Au-spt'cious, a. having omens of success ; prosperous ; propitious ; lucky. Au-spl'pious-ly, ad. prosperously. Au-stere', a. (L. austerus) severe ; harsh ; rigid ; stern. Au-stere'ly, ad. severely; rigidly. Au-stere'ness, n. severity ; rigour ; strictness. Au-steVi-ty, n. severity; harsh discipline. Ans'tral, a. (L. auster) southern. Au-then'tic, Au-then'ti-cal, a. (Gr. authcntes) having authority; genuine; true. Au-then'ti-cal-ly, ad. in an authentic manner. Au-then'ti-cal-ness, n. the being authentic. Au-thSn'ti-cate, v. to prove by authority. Au-then-tl^i-ty, n. genuineness; authority. Au-thcn'tic-ly, ad. in an authentic mannei Au-thSn'tic-ness, n. the being authentic Au'thor, n. (L.auctor) the beginner or „ first mover ; the writer of a book. Au'thor-ess, n. a female author. Au-thor'i-ty, n. legal power; influence; rule ; support ; testimony ; credibility. Au-thor'i-ta-tive, a. having authority. Au-thOr'i-ta-tive-ly, ad. with authority. Au'thor-Ize, v. to give authority; to make legal ; to establish by authority. Au-thor-i-za'tion, n. the giving authority. Au'thor-less, a. without an author. Au'thor-ship, n. state of being an author. An-to-bi-og'ra-phy, n. (Gr. autos, bios, grapho)the life of a person written by himself. Au-toc'ra-gy, n. (Gr. autos, kratos) „ unlimited power in one person. Au'to-crat, n. an absolute monarch. Au-to-crSt'i-cal, a. absolute ; unlimited. Au'to-graph, n. (Gr. autos, grapho) „ one's own handwriting. Au-to-graph'i-cal, a. of one's own writing. Au-tom'a-ton, n. (Gr. autos, mao) a self-moving machine : pi. au-tom'a-ta. Au-to-mat'ic, a. belonging to an automaton, Au-tOrn'a-tous, a. having self-motion. Au'top-sy, n. (Gr. autos, opsis) seeing „ a thing one's self; ocular demonstration. Au-top'ti-cal, a. seen with one's own eyes. Au-t6p'ti-caHy, ad. by one's own eyes. Au'tumn, n. (L. autumnus) the third season of the year. Au-tQm'nal, a. belonging to autumn. Aux-e'sis, 7i. (Gr.) a figure by which a thing is too much magnified. Aux-TTia-ry, a. (L. auxilium) helping; aiding ; applied to verbs which help to con- jugate other verbs. — n. a helper; an as- „ sistant ; a confederate. Au^-Il'ia-to-ry, a. assisting ; helping. A-vail', v. (L. vafeo) to profit ; to be of advantage. — n. profit; advantage. A-vail'a-ble, a. profitable ; powerful ; useful. A-vail'a-ble-ness, n. power ; legal force. Av'a-lanc^e, n. (Fr.) a mass of snow sliding down from a mountain. Av'a-rige, n. (L. avarus) desire of gain. Av-a-rTcious, a. greedy of gain. Av-a-rl'^ious-ly, ad. covetously. A-vast', int. hold ; stop : a sea term. A-vaunt r ,t^.(Fr.aua/iOhence ; begone. A've, n. (L.) an address to the Virgin Mary ; an abbreviation of Ave Maria. A-venge', v. (L. vindex) to take ven- geance ; to punish. A-venge'ment, n. vengeance ; punishment. A-veng'er, n. one who avenges. Av'e-nfie, n. (L. ad, renin) a passage ; a way of entrance ; an alley of trees. A-ver', v. (L. ad, verus) to declare positively ; to affirm with confidence. A-veVment, n. a declaration ; an affirmation. Av'er-a^e, n. (Fr. tmvrage ?) a mean number or quantity. — a. containing a mean proportion. — v. to reduce to a medium. Av-er-riin'cate, v. (L. ab, e, runco) to root up ; to tear away by the roots. Av-er-run-ca'tion, n. the act of rooting up. A-vert', v. (L. a, verto) to turn from ; to put away ; to keep off. Av-er-sa'tion, n. hatred; abhorrence. A-verse', a. disinclined to ; not favourable. A-versely, ad. unwillingly ; backwardly. A-verse'ness, n. unwillingness; dislike. A-veVsion, n. hatred ; dislike ; abhorrence. A-vert'er, n. one that averts. A'vi-a-ry, n. (L. avis) an enclosure for keeping birds in. A-vid'i-ty, 7i. (L. avidus) greediness ; eagerness ; appetite ; desire. Av-o-ca'tion, n. (L. ad, voco) the act of calling away; the business that calls away. A-voTd',t\(L.r?Wtto?) to shun; to escape from ; to evacuate ; to annul. A-vOId'a-ble, a. that may be avoided. tube, tub, full ; cry, crypt, myrrh ; tdll, boy, Our, now, new ; cede, gem, raise, e^ist, thin. AVO 40 BAC A-vold'ance, n. the act of avoiding. A-v61d'er, n. one who avoids. A-v6ld'less, a. that cannot be avoided. A v-oir-du-pois', n. (Fr. avoir, du, poids) a weight, of which a pound contains six- teen ounces. Av-o-la'tion, n. (L. a, volo) a flying away from. A -vouch', v. (L. ad, voco) to affirm ; to declare ; to maintain ; to vindicate. A-v&uch'er, n. one who avouches. A-vOuph'ment, n. a declaration. A-vow', v. (L. ad, voveo) to declare openly; to acknowledge and justify. A-vOw'a-ble, a. that may be avowed. A-vdw'al, n. a positive or open declaration. A-vdw'ed-ly, ad. in an open manner. A-v6w'er, n. one who avows or justifies. A-vuTsion, n. (L. a, vulsum) the act of tearing or pulling away. A-vulsed', a. plucked away. A-wait', v. {a, wait) to wait for ; to expect ; to attend. A -wake', v. (S. awacian) to rouse from sleep ; to cease to sleep : p. t. a- woke'. A-wake', a. not sleeping ; not being asleep. A-wa'ken, v. to rouse from sleep. A-wa'ken-er, n. one that awakens. A-wa'ken-ing, n. the act of rousing. A -ward', v. (S. weard ?) to adjudge ; to determine. — n. judgment ; sentence. A-ward'er, n. one who awards. A -ware', a. (S. war) watchful ; vi- gilant ; guarded ; apprised. A-way', ad. (S. a, weg) at a distance ; absent. — int. begone. Awe, n. (S. ege) reverential fear ; „ dread. — v. to strike with reverence or fear. Aw'ful, a. that strikes with awe. Aw'ful-ly, ad. in an awful manner. ■A w'ful-ness, n. the quality of being awful. Aw'less, a. void of awe ; irreverent. Awe'struck, a. impressed with awe. A-while', ad. (a,while) for a short time. Awk'ward, a. (S. cewerd ?) clumsy ; „ unhandy ; unpolite ; inelegant. Awk'ward-ly, ad. in an awkward manner. Awk'ward-ness, n. clumsiness ; inelegance. Awl, n. (S. eel) a tool for piercing small holes. Awn'ing, n. (G. hulyan ?) a covering to keep off the weather. A -woke', p. t. of awake. A -wry', ad. (S. writhan) obliquely ; asquint. Axe, Ax, n. (S. (bx) a sharp instru- _ ment for hewing or chopping. Ax'head, ». the iron part of an axe. Ax-il'lar, Ax-illa-ry, a. (L. axilla) belonging to the arm-pit. Ax'iom, n. (Gr. axioma) a self-evi- dent truth. Ax-io-mat'i-cal, a. pertaining to an axiom. Ax'is, n. (L.) the line, real or imagi- w nary,^on which a body revolves : pi. ax'e§. Ax'le, Ax'le-tree, n. the pin or pole on which a wheel turns. Ay, ad. (S. ia) yes. Aye, ad. (S. aa) always ; for ever. Ay'ry. See Eyry. Az'i-muth, n. ( Ar.) the arch of the ho- rizon between the meridian of a place and any given vertical line. Az'ote, n. (Gr. a, zoe) mephitic air; nitrogen gas. A'zure, a. (Fr. azur) faint blue ; sky- _ coloured.— n. a blue colour. A'zured, a. blue. Az'yme, n. (Gr. a, zume) unleavened bread. B. Baa, n. the cry of a sheep. — v. to cry like a sheep. BaVble, v. (H. Babell) to talk con- fusedly; to prattle like a child. — n. idle talk ; senseless prattle. Bab'ble-ment, n. senseless prate. Bab'bler, n. an idle talker. Bab'bling, n. foolish talk. Babe, n. (ba, ba\) an infant ; a child. Ba'ber-y, n. finery to please a child. Ba'bish, a. like a babe ; childish. Ba'bish-ly, ad. childishly. Ba'by, n. a young child ; an infant. Ba'by-hood, n. infancy ; childhood. Ba'by-ish, a. childish. Ba-boon', n. {babe ?) a large monkey. Bac'cha-nal,n. (L. Bacchus) a reveller. Bac-cha-na'li-an, a. relating to revelry. Bac'cha-nalg, n. pi. drunken feasts or revels. ~BsL$h'e-loY,n.(Ij.bacca,laurus' 1 .) an un- married man ; one who has taken his first degree in the liberal arts ; a knight. Bach'e-lor-ship, n. the state of a bachelor. Back, n. (S. bac) the hinder part of the body in man, and the upper part in beasts; the hinder part of any thing ; the rear.— ■ ad. to the place left ; behind ; again.— v. to mount a horse ; to place on the back ; to second ; to maintain ; to move back. Back'blte, v. to speak ill of the absent. Back'bl-terjn.one who speaks ill of the absent. Back'bl-ting, n. slandering the absent. Backbone, n. the bone of the back. Back'door, n. a door behind a house. Back'friSnd, n. a secret enemy. Back'grdund, n. ground behind ; shade. Back'piece, n. armour for the back. Backroom, n. a room behind. Back'slde, n. the hinder part. Back'sllde, v. to fall off; to apostatize. Back'sll-der, n. an apostate. Back'sll-ding, n. desertion of duty. Back'staff, n. a kind of quadrant. Back'stairs, n. pi. private stairs. Fate, fat, far, fall; me, m6t, there, her; pine, pin, field, fir; note, not, nor, m6ve, son; BAC 41 BAL Back'swOrd, n. a sword with one sharp edge ; a stick with a basket handle. Back'ward, ad. with the back forwards ; to- wards the back or the past.— a. unwilling ; hesitating; sluggish; dull; late. Back'ward^, ad. towards the back. Back'ward-ly, ad. unwillingly ; perversely. Baek'ward-ness, n. dulness ; tardiness. Back-gam'mon, n. ( W. bac, cammaun) a game with box and dice. Ba'con, balm, n. (S. bacan) hog's flesh salted and dried. Bad, a. ill ; not good ; vicious ; hurtful. Bad'ly, ad. in a bad manner ; not well. Bad'ness, n. want of good qualities. Bade, p. t. of bid. Badge, n. (S. beag ?) a mark or token of distinction. — v. to mark as with a badge. Badge'less, a. having no badge. Bad'ger, n. an animal that earths in the ground. — v. to worry ; to pester. Badger-legged, a. having legs like a badger. Bad'i-naf e, bad'i-nazh, n. (Fr.) light or playful discourse. Baffle, v.(Fy. b'tjter) to elude ; to con- found ; to defeat. — n. a defeat. Baffler, n. one who baffles. Bag, n. (S. bcelg I) a sack ; a pouch ; a purse. — v. to put into a bag ; to load with a bag ; to swell like a full bag. Bag'gage, n. the luggage of an army ; the goods that are to be carried away ; refuse ; lumber ; a worthless woman ; a flirt. Bag'plpe, n. a musical wind instrument. Bag'pl-per, n. one that plays on a bagpipe. Bag'a-telle, n. (Fr.) a trifle. Bagnio, ban'yo, n. vlt.) a bathing- house ; a brothel. Bail, v. (Fr. bailler) to set free on se- curity ; to become surety for another's ap- pearance. — n. surety given for another's appearance. Bail'a-ble, a. that may be bailed. Bai'liff , n.a subordinate law officer ; a steward. Bai'li-wick, n. the jurisdiction of a bailiff. Bail'nient, n. delivery of goods in trust. Bait, v. (S. batan) to put meat on a hook as a lure ; to give refreshment on a journey. — n. meat set to allure ; a tempta- tion ; refreshment on a journey. Bait, v. (G. beitari) to attack ; to harass. Baize, n. a kind of coarse cloth. Bake, v. (S. bacan) to dry and harden by heat ; to dress food in an oven.— p. p. baked or bak'en. Bak'er, n. one whose trade is to bake. Bak'er-y, n. a baker's work-place and oven. Bak'ing, n. the quantity baked at once. Bakeliduse, n. a place for baking. Bake'meats, n. meats dressed in an oven. BaTance, n. (L. bis, lanx) one of the powers in mechanics ; a pair of scales ; the difference of an account ; a sign in the zo- diac. — v . to weigh in scales ; to counterpoise; to regulate an account ; to make equal ; to hesitate ; to fluctuate. Baran-cing, n. equilibrium ; poise. Bal-co'ny, or BaTco-ny, w. (S. bale) a frame or gallery before a window. Bald, a . {balled ?) wanting hair ; un- adorned ; inelegant ; naked. Bald'ly, ad. nakedly ; inelegantly. Bald'ness, n. want of hair ; inelegance. Bald'pate, n. a head without hair. Bald'pat-ed, a. destitute of hair. BaTder-dash, n. (6a//, dash) a jargon of words ; senseless prate ; rude mixture. BaTdrick, n.ijj.balleus) a girdle ; a bel t. Bale, n. (Fr. balle) a bundle or pack- age of goods. — v. to make up into a bale. Bale, v. (Fr. bailler) to lave out water. Bale, n. (S. beal) misery ; calamity. Baie'ful, a. sorrowful; destructive. BaTis-ter, n. (Gr. ballo) a cross-bow. Balk, bak, n. (S. bale) a ridge of land ; a great beam ; disappointment. — v. to dis- appoint ; to frustrate ; to elude. Ball, n. (G.) a round body ; a globe; a bullet. Ball, n. (Fr. bal) an entertainment of dancing. Bal'let, n. a kind of historical dance. Ballad, n. (Fr. ballade) a song. Bal'lad-er, n. a maker or singer of ballads. Bal'lad-ry, n. the subject or style of ballads. Bal'lat-ed, a. sung in a ballad. Bal'lad-mak-er, n. one who writes ballads. Bal'lad-mon-ger, n. one who sells ballads. Bal'lad-slng-er, n. one who sings ballads. Bal'lad-tune, n. the tune of a ballad. Bal'lad-wrlt-er, n. a composer of ballads. Ballast, n. (D.) heavy matter put in the bottom of a ship, to keep it steady.— v. to put weight in the bottom of a ship ; to keep any thing steady. Bal-loon', n. (Fr. ballon) a large round vessel used in chemistry ; a ball placed on a pillar ; a large bag of silk rilled with gas, which makes it rise into the air. Ballot, n. (Fr. ballotte) a ball used in voting. — v. to choose by ballot. Bal-lo-ta'tion, n. a voting by ballot. Balm, bam, n. (Gr. balsamon) an odo- riferous plant ; a fragrant ointment. — v. to anoint with balm ; to soothe. Balnr'y, a. having the qualities of balm ; fragrant ; soothing ; mitigating. Bal'sam, n. a shrub ; a soothing ointment. Bal-sam'ic, Bal-sam'i-cal, a. having the qua- lities of balsam ; soft ; soothing. BaTne-al, a. (L. balneum) belonging to a bath. Bal'ne-a-ry, n. a bathing room. Bal-ne-a'tion, n. the act of bathing. BaTus-ter, n. (Fr. balustre) a small column or pilaster. tube, tub, full ; cry, crypt, myrrh ; toll, b6y, 6Qr, now, new r ; cede, £em, rai§e, exist, thin. BAL 42 BAR Bal'us-tered, a. having balusters. Bal'us-trade, n. a row of balusters. Bam-boo', n. an Indian plant of the reed kind. Bam-boo'zle, v. to deceive ; to mislead. Bani-bdo'zler, n. a tricking fellow ; a cheat. Ban, n. (S. bannari) a public notice ; a curse ; interdiction. — v. to curse. Bau'dit, Ban-dlt'to, n. (It.) an outlaw; a robber: pi. ban-dlt'ti. Ban§, or Bann§, n. proclamation of marriage. Band, n. (S. banda) any thing which binds. — v. to unite ; to associate. Ban'dage, n. that which binds ; a fillet. Band'er, n. one who unites with others. Band'bfix, n. a small, slight box. Ban'de-let, n. a flat moulding or fillet. Ban'dog, n. a large dog. Ban-do-leer$', n. wooden cases for powder. Band'rol. See under Banner. Ban'dy, n. (L. panda) a club for strik- ing a ball. — v. to beat to and fro ; to toss about ; to give and take ; to exchange. Ban'dy-leg, n. a crooked leg. Ban'dy-legged, a. having crooked legs. Bane, n. (S. band) poison ; mischief ; ruin. — v. to poison. Bane'ful, a. poisonous ; destructive. Bang, v. (D. bengeler) to beat ; to thump. — n. a blow ; a thump. Ban'ish, v. (Fr. bannir) to condemn to leave his country ; to drive away. Ban'ish-er, n. one who banishes. Ban'ish-ment, n. the act of banishing ; exile. Bank, n. (S. banc) a mound or ridge ; the ground rising on each side of water ; any heap piled up ; a bench or seat ; a place where money is deposited. — v. to raise a bank ; to put money in a bank. Bank'er, n. one who keeps or manages a bank. Bankrupt, a. unable to pay debts ; insolvent. — n. one who cannot pay his debts.— v. to make insolvent. Bank'rupt-cy, n. the state of a bankrupt. Ban'ner, n. (Fr. banniere) a military standard ; a flag ; a streamer. Ban'nered, p. a. displaying banners. Ban'ner-et, n. a knight made in the field of battle ; a little banner. Ban'ner-ol, Band'rol, n. a little flag. Ban'quet, n. (Fr.) a feast ; a grand entertainment. — v. to give a feast. Ban'quet-er, w one who feasts. Ban'quet-ing, n. the act of feasting. Ban'quet-hduse, Ban'quet-ing-h6use, n. a house where banquets are held. Ban'ter,u. (Fr. badinerX) to play upon; to rally ; to jeer. — n. raillery ; ridicule. Ban'ter-er, n. one who banters. Ban'ter-ing, n. jesting ; ridicule ; raillery. Bantling, n. a little child ; an infant. Bap-tize', v. (Gr. bapto) to administer the sacrament of baptism. Bap'tism, n. one of the Christian sacraments. Bap-tis/mal, a. pertaining to baptism. Bap'tist, n. one opposed to infant baptism. Bap'tis-ter-y, n. a place for baptizing. Bap-tls'ti-cal, a. relating to baptism. Bar, n. (Fr. barre) a long piece of wood or metal ; something to hinder entrance ; a bolt ; a gate ; a bank at the entrance of a harbour ; the place where lawyers plead, or criminals stand ; an enclosed place in a tavern ; a line in music which divides the notes into equal portions in respect to time. — v. to fasten with a bar ; to hinder ; to exclude ; to except. Bar'ful, a. full of obstructions. Bar-ri-cade", n. (Fr.) a fortification made in haste to keep off an attack. — v. to stop up a passage ; to fortify. Bar'ri-er, n. an intrenchment ; a defence; a fortress ; an obstruction ; a boundary. Bar'ris-ter, n. a counsellor at law. Barb, n. (L. barba) any thing in place of a beard ; the points that stand backward in an arrow ; armour for horses. — v. to shave ; to jag arrows with hooks ; to fur- nish horses with armour. Bar'ba-ted, a. bearded ; jagged with points. Barbed, p. a. bearded ; armed. Barbel, n. a species of fish with barbs. Barber, n. one who shaves beards. Barb, n. a Barbary horse. Bar'ba-can, n. (Fr. barbacane) a for- tification before the walls of a town, or at the end of a bridge ; an opening in a wal' for guns. Bar^ba-rous, a. (L. barbarus*) rude ; uncivilized ; savage ; inhuman ; contrary to good use in language. Bar-ba'ri-an, n. a savage ; an uncivilized person ; a cruel person. — a. savage. Bar-bar"ic, a. uncivilized ; foreign. Bar'ba-rism, n. inhumanity ; cruelty ; igno- rance ; an impropriety of speech. Bar-barl-ty, n. savageness ; cruelty. Bar'bar-Ize, v. to render barbarous. Bar'ba-rous-ly, ad. in a barbarous manner. Bar'ba-rous-ness, n. rudeness ; cruelty. BarT)e-cue, n. a hog dressed whole. — v. to dress and roast a hog whole. Bard, n. (C. bardh) a minstrel; a poet. Bard'ic, Bard'ish, a. relating to bards. Bare, a. (S. bar) naked ; without clothes ; uncovered ; unadorned ; poor ; mere. — v. to strip ; to make naked. Bare'ly, ad. nakedly ; poorly ; merely. Bareness, n. nakedness ; leanness ; poverty. BareHbone, n. a very lean person. Bare'boned, a. very lean. Barefaced, a. shameless ; impudent. Bare'faced-ly, ad. shamelessly ; impudently. Bare'faced-ness, n. effrontery ; assurance. Bare r f6ot, a. having no shoes. — ad. with- out shoes ; with the feet bare. Bare'f66t-ed, a. having the feet bare. BAre'head-ed, a. with the head bare. Bare-head'ed-ness, n. the being bareheaded. Barelegged, a. having the legs bare. Bare'necked, a. exposed. Bare'pTcked, a. picked to the bone. Bare'rlbbed, a. lean. Bare, p. t. of bear. Fate, fat, far, fall; ms, met, there, her; pine, pin, field, fir; note, not, nor, move, son; BAR 43 BAS Bar'gain, n. (Fr. barguigner) a con- tract ; an agreement ; the thing bought or sold. — v. to make a contract ; to sell. Bar'gain-er, n. one who makes a bargain. Bar'gain-ing, n. the act of making a bargain. Barge, n. (D. bargie) a boat for plea- sure, or for burden. Bar'ger,Barge'nian, n.the manager of a barge. Barge'mas-ter, n. the owner of a barge. Ba-riTla, n. (Sp.) a plant cultivated for its ashes. Bark, n. (Dan. barck) the rind or co- vering of a tree.— v. to strip off bark ; to cover with bark. Bark'y, a. consisting of bark. Bark'bared, a. stripped of the bark. Bark, v. (S. beorcari) to make the noise of a dog ; to clamour. Bark'er, n. one that barks. Bark, Barque, n, (Fr. barque) a ship. Barley, n. (S. bere) a species of grain. Barley-corn, n. a grain of barley. Barm, n. (S. beorma) yeast. Barcn'y, a. containing barm. Barn, n. (S. bere, ern) a house for farm produce. Bar'na-cle, n.(S.bearn,ac) a shell-fish; a bird like a goose ; an instrument for holding a horse by the nose. Ba-rom'e-ter, n. (Gr. baros, metron) an instrument for measuring the weight of the atmosphere. Bar-o-mfit'ri-cal, a. relating to the barometer. Bar'on, n. (Fr.) a rank of nobility next to a viscount. Bar'on-age, n. the dignity or estate of a baron ; the whole body of barons or peers. Bar'on-ess, n. a baron's lady. Bar'o-ny, n. the lordship or fee of a baron. Ba-ro'ni-al. a. relating to a baron or barony. Bar'on-et, n. the title next to a baron. Bar'o-scope, n. (Gr. baros, skopeo) an instrument to show the weight of the at- mosphere. Bar-o-scOp'i-cal, a. relating to the baroscqpe. BaVrack, n. (Sp. barraca) a building to lodge soldiers. Bar'rack-mas-ter, n. the officer who super- intends a barrack. Bar'ra-tor, n. (Fr. baratter) an en- couragcr of lawsuits. Bar'ra-try, n. foul practice in law. Bar'rel, n. (Fr. baril) a round wooden vessel ; any thing hollow and long ; a cy- linder. — v. to put into a barrel. Bar'ren, a. (S. bar) not prolific ; un- fruitful ; not copious ; uninventive ; dull. Bar'ren-ly, ad. unfruitfully. Bar'ren-ness, v n. want of offspring; unfruit- fulness ; sterility; scantiness. Bar-ri-cade'. See under Bar. BaVrow, n. (S. berewe) a small hand or wheel carriage. Bar'row, n. (S. bedrg) a hog. BaYrow, n. (S. bearw) a mound. Bar'ter, v. (Fr. barater) to traffic by exchanging ; to give in exchange. — n. traf- fic by exchange. Bar r ter-er, n. one who barters. Ba-ry'tes, Ba-ry'ta, Ba-ryte', n. (Gr baros) a ponderous earth. Bar'y-tone, a. (Gr. baros, tonos) not- ing a grave deep sound. Ba-salt', n. (L. basaltes) a hard, dark- coloured stone. Ba-salt'ic, a. pertaining to basalt. Base, n. (L. basis) the bottom ; the foundation ; the pedestal of a statue.— v. to lay the foundation ; to found. Base'less, a. without a base. Base'ment, n. an extended base. Ba'sis, n. the foundation ; the pedestal of a column ; that on which any thing is raised ; the groundwork or first principle: pJ. ba'ses. Bass, a. in music, low ; grave ; deep. Bass-re-lief , n. sculpture, the figures of which do not stand far out from the ground. Bas-sodn', n. a musical wind instrument. Biss'vI-oljBase'vI-ol^i.a musical instrument. B?.?e, a. (L. basis) low ; vile ; illegi- timate ; without value ; deep ; grave. Base'ly, ad. in a base or unworthy manner. Base'ness, n. meanness ; vileness. Base'born, a. illegitimate ; of low parentage* Base'cOurt, n. lower court ; the farm-yard. Base'mlnd-ed, a. mean-spirited ; worthless. Base-mlnd'ed-ness, n. meanness of spirit. Bas'e-net, n. (Fr. bassinet) a helmet or headpiece. Ba-shaw 7 , n. (Ar.) a Turkish viceroy ; an imperious person. Bash'ful, a. (L. basis 2 .) shamefaced modest ; sheepish ; shy ; exciting shame. Bash'ful-ly, ad. modestly ; in a shy manner. Bash'ful-ness, n. modesty ; rustic shame. Basil, n. the slope of a joiner's tool. — t\ to grind the edge of a tool to an angle. Ba-sil'ic, n. (Gr. basileus) a large hall; a magnificent church. Ba-sU'i-ca, n. the middle vein of the arm. Ba-|ll'ic, Ba-^U'i-cal, a. pertaining to the middle vein of the arm. Ba-siri-con, n. an ointment. Bas i-lisk, n. a crested serpent ; a kind of cannon. Ba'sin, ba'sn, n. (Fr. bassin) a small vessel ; a pond ; a hollow place ; a dock. Bask, v. (D. backer en X) to lie in warmth ; to warm by exposing to heat. Basket, n. ( W. basged) a vessel made of twigs or rushes. Bas'ket-hllt, n. a hilt which covers the hand. BSs'ket-hllt-ed, a. having a basket-hilt. Bass. See under Base. Bass, n. (T. bast) a mat. Bass, n. a fish of the perch kind. tube, tub, fail ; cry, crypt, myrrh ; toil, boy, Cur, n6\v, new ; cede, gem, raise, exist, thin. BAS 44 BEA Bas'set,n.(Fr. bassette) a game at cards. Bas'tard,w. (W. bastardd) a child born out of wedlock. — a. illegitimate ; spurious. Bas'tard-Ize, v. to prove to be a bastard. Bas'tard-ly, a. spurious ; illegitimate. Bas'tard-y, n. the state of being a bastard. Baste, v.(Sw.£«sa) to beat with a stick; to drip butter on meat ; to sew slightly. Bast'ing, n. the act of beating with a stick. Bas-ti-nade', Bas-ti-na'do, n. the act of beat- ing with a cudgel.— v. to beat with a cudgel. Bas'tile, n. (Fr. bastille) a fortification; a castle ; a state prison. Bast'ion, n. (Fr.) a mass of earth standing out from a rampart ; a bulwark. Bat, n. (S.) a heavy stick ; a club used in playing at cricket. Bat'let, n. a piece of wood for beating linen. Bat'on, Ba-t66n', n. a staff; a club. Bat, n. a small winged animal. Bat'tish, a. like a bat. Bat'ty, a. belonging to a bat. Bat'fowl-er, n. one who practises bat-fowling. Bat'fdwl-ing, n. bird-catching at night. Batch, n. (S. bacan) the quantity of bread baked at once. Bate, v. (S. beatan) to lessen; to lower in price ; to take away ; to grow less. Bate'less, a. not to be abated. Bate'ment, n. diminution. Bating, prep, except. Bate, n. (S.) strife ; contention. Bate'ful, a. contentious. Bath, n. (S. bceth) a place to bathe in; a house for bathing ; a measure. Bathe, v. to wash in a bath ; to soften. Ba'ther, n. one who bathes. Ba'thing, n. the act of washing in a bath. Ba'thos, n. (Gr.) a sinking in poetry. Bat'tail-ous. See under Battle. Bat'tel, bat'tl, v. (S. batan) to render fertile ; to grow fat. — a. fertile. Bat'ten, v. (S. batan) to make fat. Bat'ter, v. (Fr. battre) to beat down; to Avear out. — n. a mixture beaten together. Bat'ter-er, n. one who batters. Bat'ter-y, n. the act of battering ; a raised work for cannons ; a violent assault. Bat'ter-ing-ram, n. a military engine. Bat'tle, n. (Fr. bataille) a fight ; an engagement. — v. to contend in fight. Bat'tail-ous, a. warlike. Bat-tal'ia, n. battle-array. Bat-tal'ion, n. a division of an army. Bat'tle-ment, n. a wall with embrasures. Bat"tle-ment-ed, a. secured by battlements. Battling, n. conflict ; encounter. Bat'tle-ar-ray, n. order of battle. Bat'tle-axe, n. a weapon of war. Bat'tle-door, Bat'tle-dore, n. an instrument used in playing at shuttlecock. Bat-tol'o-^y, n. (Gr. Battos, logos) a needless repetition of words. Bat-tdFo-gist, n. one who repeats needJessly the same words. Bat-toro-glze, v. to repeat needlessly. BaVa-roy, n. a kind of cloak. BaVin, n. a stick for firewood ; a fagot. Baw'ble, n. (Fr. babiole) a trinket; a gewgaw ; a trifle. Bawd, n. (W. baw ?) a procurer, or procuress. — v. to procure ; to dirty. Bawd'y, a. filthy ; obscene ; unchaste. Bawd'i-ly, ad. obscenely ; lewdly. Bawd'i-ness, n. obscenity ; lewdness. Bawd'ry, n. obscenity ; unchaste language. Bawd'born, a. descended from a bawd. Bawd'y-hOuse, n. a house of prostitution. Bawd'rick. See Baldrick. Bawl, v. (S. bellari) to cry aloud; to shout ; to proclaim as a crier. Bawl'er, n. one who bawls. Bay, a. (L. badius) brown inclining to chestnut. Bay'ard, n. a bay horse ; a gazer. Bay'ard-ly, a. blind ; stupid. Bay, n. (S. bugan) an arm of the sea. Bay'salt, n. nalt made of sea-water. Bay-win'dow, n. a window jutting outwards. Bay, n, (Gr. baion 1) the laurel tree. Bay, v. (Fr. aboyer) to bark at. — n. a stand made by one surrounded by enemies. Bay'o-net, n. (Bayonne) a dagger fix- ed to a musket.— v. to stab with a bayonet. Ba-zaar'jBa-zarVuIMa market-place. Bdeirium, deTyum, n. (L.) an aro- matic gum. Be, v. (S. beon) to exist ; to become ; to remain : pr. am ; p. t. was ; p. p. been. Being, n. existence ; any thing that exists. Beach, n. the shore ; the strand. Beached, a. exposed to the waves. Bea^y, a. having a beach. Bea'con, belni, n. (S. beacen) some- thing on an eminence to give notice; a lighthouse.— v. to light up. Bea'coned, a. having a beacon. Bea'con-age, n. money paid for maintaining beacons. Bead, n. (S.) a little ball strung upon thread, used for necklaces and rosaries ; any small globular body. Bead'roll, n. a list of those to be prayed for. Beads/man, n. a man who prays for others. Beads/woin-an, ». a woman who prays for others. BeVdle, n. (S. bydel) a petty officer in a court or parish. Bea r dle-ship, n. the office of a beadle. BeVgle, n. (Fr. bigle) a small hound. Beak, n. (Fr. bee) the bill of a bird ; any thing like a beak. Beaked, a. having a beak. Beak'er, n. (Ger. becher) a vessel for drinking; a flagon. Fate, fat, far, fall ; me, met, there, her ; pine, pin, field, fir ; note, not, nor, m6ve, son; BEA 45 BED Beam, n. (S.) the main piece of timber that supports a building ; a part of a ba- lance ; the pole of a chariot ; a part of a loom ; the horn of a stag. Beam'y, a. like a beam ; having horns. Beam, n. (S.) a ray of light.— v. to shine forth ; to emit rays. Bearn'less, a. emitting no rays of light. Beam'y a. emitting rays ; radiant. Bean, n. (S.) a species of pnlse. Bear, v. (S. beran) to carry ; to sup- port ; to endure ; to suffer ; to bring forth : p. t. bore or bare, p. p. borne, born. Bear'er, n. one that bears. Bear'ing, n. gesture ; mien ; the place or re- lation of one object with respect to another. Bear'ing-cloth, n. a cloth for covering a child when carried to baptism. Bear, n.(S.bera) arough savage animal. Bearish, a. having the quality of a bear. Bear'bait-ing, n. baiting bears with dogs. Bear'gar-den, n. a place for keeping bears. Bear'herd, Bear'ward, n. a keeper of bears. Bear'like, a. resembling a bear. B6ard, n. (S.) the hair on the lips and chin ; the barb of an arrow or hook.— v. to take by the beard ; to oppose to the face. Beard'ed, a. having a beard ; barbed. Beard'less, a. without a beard ; youthful. Beast, n. (L. bestid) a four-footed ani- mal ; an irrational animal ; a brutal man. Beast'like, a. resembling a beast. Beast'ly, a. like a beast ; brutal. Beast'fi-ness, n. brutality ; filthiness. BSst'ial, a. belonging to a beast; brutal. BSs-ti-al'i-ty, n. the quality of beasts ; unna- tural connexion with a beast. Best'ial-Ize, v. to make like a beast. B£st'ial-ly, ad. in the manner of a beast. Beat, u.(S.6fa/a/i) to strike ; to bruise; to tread a path ; to conquer ; to dash ; to throb : p. t. beat ; p. p. beat'en. Beat, n. a stroke ; a striking ; a pulsation. Beat'en, p. a. made smooth by treading. Beat'er, n. one that beats. Beat'ing, n. the act of striking ; correction. Be-at'i-fy, v. (L. beatus, facto) to make happy ; to bless with celestial happiness. Be-a-tlf'ic, Be-a-tlf'i-cal, a. blissful. Be-a-tlf'i-cal-ly, ad. in a blissful manner. Be-at-i-fi-ca'tion, n. the act of pronouncing a dead person blessed. Be-at'i-tude, n. blessedness ; perfect felicity. Beau, bo, n. (Fr.) a man of dress ; a fop : pi. beaux, boz. Beau'ish, a. like a beau ; foppish. Beau'ty, n. (Fr. beau) an assemblage of graces ; a particular grace or excellence ; a beautiful person. BeaQ'te-ous, a. fair ; elegant ; pleasing. Beau'te-ous-ly, ad. in a beauteous manner. Beau'te-ous-ness, ». the being beauteous. Beau'ti-ful,a. possessing beauty; fair; elegant. Beau'ti-ful-ly, ad. in a beautiful manner. Beau'ti-ful-ness, n. the being beautiful. Beau'ti-fy, v. to make beautiful ; to adorn. Beau'ti-fi-er, n. one that beautifies. Beau'ti-fy-ing, n. the act of making beautiful. Beau'ty-spSt, n. a patch ; a foil. Bea'ver, n. (S. beofer) an amphibious quadruped ; the fur of the beaver ; a hat. Bea'vered, a. wearing a beaver. Bec-a-fi'co^.CSp.) a bird, the fig-eater. Be-calm', be-cam / , v. {be, calm) to still ; to quiet. Be-came', p. t. of become, ~Be-cause\con.(bi/ 9 caiise)foT this reason. Bechance', v. (be, chance) to hap- pen ; to befall. Be-charm 7 , v. {be, charm) to captivate. Beck, v. (S. beacen) to make a sign with the head ; to call by a motion of the head. — n. a sign with the head ; a nod. Beck'on, v. to make a sign to. — n. a sign without words. Be-cloud', v. (be, cloud) to dim ; to obscure. Be-come', v. (S. becnmari) to enter into some state or condition ; to suit ; to befit : p. t be-came'; p. p. be-come'. Be-com'ing, p. a. graceful ; seemly. Be-eom'ing-ly, ad. in a becoming manner. Be-com'ing-ness, n. decency ; propriety. T$e-crip'ip\e,v.(be,c7ippIe)to make lame. Bed, n. (S.) something to sleep on ; a couch ; a plot in a garden ; the channel of a river; a hollow; a layer; a stratum. — v. to place in bed ; to sow or plant ; to lay in order ; to stratify ; to cohabit. Bed'ding, n. the materials of a bed. B2d'ch5m-ber, n. a chamber for a bed. B6d'cl6thes. n. the coverlets on a bed. Bed'ffil-low, n. one who lies in the same bed. Bed'hang-ings, n. pi. curtains of a bed. BSd'mak-er, n. one who makes beds. Bed'raate, n. one who sleeps in the same bed. Bdd'post, n. the post at the corner of a bed. Bod'pres-ser, n. a lazy fellow. Bed'rld, Bed'rld-den^ a. confined to bed by age or sickness. B£d'rlte, n. the privilege of the marriage-bed. BSd'room, n. a room for a bed. BSd'slde, n. the side of the bed. BSd'stead, n. the frame of a bed. BSd'tlme, n. the time to go to bed. Bed'ward, ad. toward bed. Be-dab'ble, v. (be, dabble) to wet ; to besprinkle. Be-dag'gle, v. (be, daggle) to soil with mud. Be-dash', v. (be, dash) to wet by throwing water. Be-daub', v. (be, daub) to daub over. Be-daz'zle, v. (be, dazzle) to make the sight dim by lustre. Be-deck', v. (be, deck) to adorn ; to ornament ; to grace. Be-dew', v. (be, dew) to moisten gently. Be-dight', be-dit', v. (be, dight) to adorn ; to dress. tube, tQb, full ; cry, crypt, myrrh ; toll, boy, our, n6w, new ; cede, gem, rai.$e, exist, thin. C2 BED 46 BEII Be-dim', v. (be, dim) to make dim ; to obscure ; to cloud ; to darken. Be-dl'zen, v. (be, dizen) to dress out. Bedlam, n. (corrupted from Bethlehem, an hospital in London) an hospital for lunatics ; a madhouse ; a madman. — a. mad. Bed'lam-Ite, n. a madman ; a lunatic. Be-drag'gle, v. (be, draggle) to soil in the dirt. Be-dren^', v. (be, drench) to soak completely. Be-drop', v. (be, drop) to sprinkle over with ; to mark with spots. Be-diick', v. (be, duck) to put under water. Be-diing', v. (be, dung) to cover or manure with dung. Be-dwarf, v. (be, dwarf) to hinder in growth ; to stunt. Be-dye', v. (be, dye) to stain. Bee, n. (S. beo) an insect that makes honey and wax. Bee'gar-den, n. a place for bee-hives. Bee'hlve, n. a box or case for holding bees. Bee'mas-ter, n. one who keeps bees. Beech, n. (S. bece) a forest tree. Beech'en, a. belonging to or made of beech. Beef, n. (Fr. bozuf) the flesh of an ox, bull, or cow. — a. consisting of the flesh of an ox, bull, or cow. Beeves, n. pi. cattle ; oxen. Beef eat-er, n. a yeoman of the guard. Beef wit-ted, a. dull ; stupid. Been, p. p. of be. Beer, n. (S. beor) a liquor made of malt and hops. Beest'ings. See Biestings. Beet, n. (L. beta) a garden vegetable. Bee'tle,n. (S.6^/) a heavy wooden mal- let; an insect. — v. to jut out; to hang over. Bge'tle-brow, n. a prominent brow. Bee'tle-brSwed, a. having prominent brows. Bee'tle-hgad-ed, a. dull ; stupid. Bee'tle-stock, n. the handle of a beetle. Be-fair, v. (S. be, feallan) to happen to : p. t. be-fell'; p. p» be-fallen'. Be-fit', v. (be, Jit) to suit ; to become. Be-foam', v. (be, foam) to cover with foam. Be-f661', v. (be, fool) to make a fool of. Be-fore', prep. (S. be, for an) farther on- ward; in front of; in presence of; prior to; superior to. — ad. sooner than ; in time past ; previously to ; hitherto ; farther onward. Be-foreliand, ad. in a state of anticipation ; previously ; antecedently ; at first. Be-fore'tlme, ad. formerly ; of old time. Be-for'tune, v. (be, fortune) to hap- pen to ; to betide. Be-foul', v. (be, foul) to make foul. Be-friend', v. (be, friend) to favour ; to assist ; to countenance. Be-frmge', v. (be, fringe) to adorn with fringes. Beg, v. (Ger. begehren) to ask ; to crave ; to ask alms ; to live upon alms. Beg / ga-ble, a. that may be begged. Beg'gar, n. one who begs ; one who lives by begging.— v. to reduce to beggary ; to de- prive ; to exhaust. Beg'gar-ly, a. mean ; poor.— ad. meanly. BeVgar-li-ness, n. meanness ; poverty. B6g / gar-y, n. great want ; indigence. Be-get', v. (S. be, getan) to generate ; to produce : p. t. b'e-gOt' or be-gat'; p. p. be-gfit'ten or be-got'. Be-geVter, n. one who begets. Be-gilt', a. (be, gild) gilded over. Be-gm', v. (S. beginnan) to enter upon something new ; to do the first act ; to commence : p. t. began' ; p. p. be-gun'. Be-gln'ner, n. one who begins. Be-gln'ning, n. the first or original cause ; the first part ; the rudiments or first grounds. Be-gln'ning-less, a. without a beginning. Be-gird', v. (S. be, gyrdan) to sur- round ; to encircle ; to encompass : p. U be-gird'ed or be-girt'; p. p. be-girt 7 . Begler-beg, n. a Turkish governor. Be-gnaw', be-naw', v. (S. be, gnagan) to eat away. Be-gone' ,int.(be,gone) go away ; hence. Be-got', Be-got'ten, p. p. of beget. Be-grlme', v. (be, grime) to soil with soot or dirt. Be-griidge', v. (be, grudge) to envy the possession of. Be-gu:le', v. (be, guile) to impose upon: to deceive ; to amuse. Be-gulFer, n. one who beguiles. Be-gun', p. p. of begin. Be-half, be-haf',n. (S. behefe) favour; cause ; interest ; account ; sake ; support. Be-have', v. (S. be, habban) to con- duct ; to demean ; to act. Be-hav'iour, n. conduct ; demeanour. Be-head', v. (be, head) to deprive of the head. Be-held', p. t. and p. p. of behold. Belie-moth, n. (H.) an animal describ- ed in the book of Job, supposed to be the hippopotamus. Be-hest', n. (S. be, has) a command. Be-hmd', prep. (S. be, hindan) at the back of; following another ; remaining af- ter ; inferior to. — ad. in the rear ; back* wards ; remaining. Be-hlndTiand, ad. in arrears ; backward. Be-hold', v. (S. be,healdan) to view; to see: p.t. be-hgld^p.p. be-heid'or be-hold'en. Fate, fat far fall ; me, met, there, her ; pine, pin, field, fir ; note, n5t, nor, move, son BEH 47 BEN Be-hold', int. see ! lo ! Be-hold'en, p. a. bound in gratitude. Be-hold'er, n. one who beholds. Be-h66ve', Be-hove', v. (S. behofian) to be necessary ; to be fit ; to become. Be-h66f , n. profit ; advantage ; benefit. Be-hoov'a-ble, a. profitable ; useful. Be-hdove'ful, a. fit ; expedient. Be 7 ing. See under Be. Be-la'bour, v. (be, labour) to beat ; to thump. Be-lzged' ,a.(be,lace) covered with lace. Be-late', v. (be, late) to retard. Be-lat'ed, a. overtaken by night. Be-lat'ed-ness, n. slowness ; backwardness. Be-lay 7 , v. (be, lay) to block up ; to besiege ; to fasten a rope. Belch, v. (S. bealcan) to eject wind from the stomach. — n. the act of throwing out from the stomach ; eructation. Belling, n. eructation. BeTdam, n. (Fr. belle, dame) an old woman ; a hag. Be-\e2b'guer,v.(D.belegere7i) to besiege. Be-lle 7 , v. (S. be, leogan) to give the lie to ; to slander ; to calumniate. Be-lieve 7 , v. (S. gelt/fan) to credit ; to put confidence in'; to have firm persuasion of; to exercise faith. Be-lief, n. persuasion ; opinion ; the thing believed ; faith ; religion. Be-liev'a-ble, a. that may be believed. Be-liev'er, n. one who believes. Be-like 7 ,arf.(fo,/j/re)probably ; perhaps. Bell, n. (S.) a hollow sounding vessel of metal ; any thing in the form ot a bell. BeTfry, n. the place where a bell is hung. BSll'fOund-er, n.one who casts or founds bells. Bedl'hang-er, n. one who hangs bells. Bell'man, n. one who rings a bell. Bell'met-al, n. a mixture of copper and tin, used for making bells. BCll'rlng-er, n. one who rings bells. Bfill'rOpe, n. the rope by which a bell is rung, Bfill'flOw-er, n. the plant campanula. Bell'weth-er, n. a sheep which carries a bell. Belle, n. (Fr.) a gay young lady. Belles-let 7 tres,bel-let'tr, ra.CFr.) polite literature. Bel-lig'er-ent, a. (L. bellum, gero) car- rying 5 on war. — n. a nation at war. BeTlow, v. (S. bellan) to make a noise like a bull ; to roar. — n. a roar. BeTlow-er, n. one who bellows. BeTlow-ing, n. loud noise ; roaring. Bellows, 72. pi. (S. bcelg) an instru- ment for blowing the fire. BeTlu-ine, a. (L. bellua) beastly. Belly, n. (S. bcelg) that part of the body which contains the bowels ; that part of any thing which swells out. — v. to swell out. BeTly-ache, n. the colic ; pain in the bowels. BeTly-band, n. a girth for a horse. BeTly-ful, n. as much as fills the belly. BeTly-g6d, n. a glutton. Belly-pinned, a. starved. Belly-slave, n. a slave to the appetites. BeTly-tlm-ber, n. food. Be-long 7 , v. (D. belangen) to be the property of; to appertain to; to have re- lation to. Be-loved 7 , p. a. (be, love) much loved. Be-lov'ed, a. greatly loved ; dear. Be-low 7 , prep, (be, low) under in place, time, or dignity. — ad. in a lower place. Belt, n. (S.) a girdle; a band. — v. to gird with a belt ; to encircle. Be-man'gle, v. (be, mangle) to tear asunder ; to lacerate. Be-mask 7 , v. (be, mask) to conceal. Be-maze 7 , v. (be, maze) to bewilder. Be-niire 7 , v. (be, mire) to cover with mire ; to drag in the mire. Be-moan 7 , v. (S. be, moenan) to la- ment ; to bewail. Be-moan'ing, n. lamentation. Be-mock 7 , v. {be, mock) to deride. Be-moiT, v. (be, moil) to bemire. Be-mon'ster, v. (be, mounter) to make monstrous. Be-mourn', v. (S.be,murnan)to lament. Be-mused 7 , a. (be, muse) overcome with musing; dreaming. Bench, n. (S. bene) a long seat ; a seat of justice ; the persons who sit as judges. — i'. to furnish with benches. Beiu/t'er, n. a senior in the inns of court. Bend, v. (S. bendari) to make crooked; to incline ; to bow; to subdue; to direct to a certain point : p. t. and j>. p. bent. Bend, n. a curve ; a crook ; a flexure. Bend'er, n. one that bends. Bent, n. the state of being curved ; inclina- tion ; tendency ; fixed purpose. Be-neath 7 , prep. (S. be, nythan) under ; lower in place, rank, excellence, or digni- ty ; unworthy of. — ad. in a lower place. Ben-e-dic'tion, n. (L. bene, dictum) a blessing; invocation of happiness ; thanks. Ben-e-fac'tion, n. (L. bene , facio) the act of doing good to another ; a benefit. Ben-e-fac'tor, n. one who confers a benefit. Bgn-e-fac'tress, n. a female benefactor. Ben'e-fice, n. an ecclesiastical living. Ben'e-ficed, a. having a benefice. Be-neTi-cence, n. active goodness. Be-neTi-cent, a. doing good; kind. Be-neT i-cent-ly, ad. in a beneficent manner. Ben-e-fl'cial, a. advantageous; useful. Ben-e-fl'cial-ly, ad. advantageously. Bcn-e-fi'cial-ness, n. usefulness ; profit. Ben-e-fl'Qi-a-ry, a. holding in subordination to another. — n. one who has a benefice ; a person benefited by another. *ube» tub, full ; cry, crypt, myrrh ; toil, bo?, Our, now, new ; cede, £ein, rai§e, exist, BEN 48 BES B6n-e-fl'cien-cy, n. kindness ; benignity. Ben-e-fl'^ient, a. doing good. BSn'e-fit, n. a kindness ; advantage ; use. — v. to do good to ; to gain advantage. Be-nev'o-lenc^, n. (L. bene, volo) dis- position to do good ; kindness ; charity. Be-nev'o-lent, a. having good will ; kind. Be-neVo-lent-ly, ad. in a kind manner. Be-neVo-lous, a. kind ; friendly. Be-night', be-nit', v. (be, night) to in- volve in darkness ; to overtake with night. Be-nign',' be-nm', a. (L. benignus) kind ; generous ; gentle. Be-nign'ly, ad. kindly ; graciously. Be-nlg'nant, a. kind ; gracious ; good. Be-nlg'ni-ty, n. kindness ; graciousness. Ben'i-son, n. (Fr. binir) a blessing. Bent, p. t. and p. p. of bend. Bent, n. a kind of grass. Be-niim', Be-numb', v. (S. benumen) to make torpid ; to stupify. Ben'zom, n. a medicinal resin. Be-paint', v. (be, paint) to cover with paint. Be-pinf^', v. (be, pinch) to mark with pinches. Be-pow'der, v. (be, poivder) to sprin- kle or cover with powder. Be-praise', v. (be, praise) to praise greatly 'or extravagantly. Be-queath', v* (S. becwcethan) to leave by will to another. Be-quest', n. something left by will ; a legacy. Be-rate', v. (be, rate) to scold. E>G-Yai't\Q,v.(be,rattle)tQ fill with noise. Bere, n. (S.) a species of barley. Be-reave', v. (S. bereafian) to deprive of; to take away from : p. t. and p. p. be- reaved' or be-rgft'. Be-reave'ment, n. deprivation ; loss. Be-rhyme', be-rim', v. (be, rhyme) to mention in rhyme. Berlin, n. a sort of coach, first made at Berlin. Ber'ry, n. (S. beria) any small fruit containing seeds or stones. Berth, n. (birth) a ship's station at an- chor ; a room in a ship ; a sleeping place. Beryl, n. (L. beryllus) a precious stone. Be-scrawl', v. (be, scrawl) to scribble ovei. Be-screen', v. (be, screen) to shelter ; to conceal. Be-scrib'blejV. (be, scribble) to write on. Be-seech', v. (S. be, secan) to entreat; to beg ; to implore : p. t. and p. p. be-sought'. Be-seGcn'er, n. one who beseeches. Be-seem', v. (be, seem) to become ; to oe fit ; to be decent for. i Be-seem'ing, a. becoming.— >n. comeliness. Be-s6em'ly, a. becoming ; decent Be-set', v. (S. be, settan) to surround ; to enclose; to perplex: p. t. and p. p. be-seT. Be-s6t'ting, p. a. habitually attending. Be-shrew', be-shru', v. (S. be, syrwan) to wish a curse upon. Be-side', Be-sides', prep, (be, side) at the side of; over ana above ; not accord- ing to. — ad. moreover ; over and above. Be-siege', v. (be, siege) to lay siege to; to hem in ; to beset. Be-sigg'er, n. one who besieges. Be-smear', v. (be, smear) to bedaub ; to soil ; to overspread. Be-smuY, v. (be, smut) to soil with smoke or soot. Be'som, n. (S. besm) a broom. Be-sort', v. (be, sort) to suit ; to fit. Be-sot', v. (be, sot) to stupify ; to dull. Be-s6t'ted-ly, ad. in a besotted manner. Be-s6t'ted-ness, n. stupidity ; infatuation. Be-sought', be- sat', p. U and p. p. of beseech. Be-span'gle, v. (be, spangle) to adorn with spangles. Be-spat'ter, v. (be, spatter) to spot over with dirt. Be-speak', v. (be, speak) to speak for beforehand : p. t. be-spoke'; p. p.be-spok'en. Be-speak'er, n. one who bespeaks. Be-specTde, v. (be, speckle) to mark with speckles or spots. Be-spice', v. (be, spice) to season with spices. Be-spTt', v.(be, spit) to daub with spittle. l$Q-sj)o\> f ,v.(be,spot)to mark with spots. Be -spread', v. (be, spread) to spread over : p. t. and p. p. be-spread'. Be-sprent', p. a. (S. be, sprengan) sprinkled over. Be-sprm'kle, v. (be, sprinkle) to sprin- kle over. Be-spurt', v. (be, spurt) to throw out. Best, a. (S.) superlative of good; good in the highest degree. — ad. superlative of well ,• in the highest degree of goodness. Be-stain', v. (be, stain) to mark with stains. Be-stead', v. (be, stead) to profit; to accommodate ; to dispose. Best'ial. See under Beast. Be- stick', v. (be, stick) to stick over : p. t. and p. p. be-stuck'. Be-stir', v. (be, stir) to put into brisk or vigorous action. Be-stow', v. (be, stow) to give ; to confer. Fate, fat, far, fail; me, met, there, her; pine, pin, field, fir; note, not, nor, move, son; BES 49 BID Be-st6w'al, n. act of bestowing ; disposal. Be-stow'er, n. one who bestows. Be-stow'ment, n. the act of bestowing. Be- strew 7 , be-stru' or be-stro', v. (S. be, streowian) to sprinkle over : p. p. be- strewed' or be-strewn'. Be-str~de', v. (S. be, strade) to place a leg on each side ; to stride over : p. t. be- strid'; p. p. be-strld' or be-strld'den. Be-stud' ,v.{be,stud)to adorn with studs. Bet, n. (S. bad) a wager.— v. to wager. BeH'ting, n. the act of wagering. Bet'tor, n. one who bets. Be-tuke', v. (S. be, tcecari) to have re- course to : p. t. be-took' ; p. p. be-tak'en. Be'tel, Beetle, n. an Indian shrub. Be-thmk', v. (S. be, thencari) to call to mind; to consider : p.t. andp.p. be-thought'. Be-thump', v. {be, thump) to beat. Be-tlde', v. (S. tidari) to happen ; to befall : p. t. be-tld'ed or be-tld'; p.p. be-tld'. Be-time', Be-times', ad. {by, time) soon ; early ; seasonably. Be-to'ken, be-toTm, v. {be, token) to signify ; to foreshow. Be-took', p. t. of betake. Be-torn', p. a. {be, torn) torn in pieces. Be-toss', v. {be, toss) to agitate. Be-tray', v. (L. trado ?) to give up or disclose treacherously ; to discover. Be-tray'er, n. one who betrays. Be-trim', v. {be, trim) to deck ; to adorn. Be-troth', v. {be, troth) to contract in order to marriage ; to affiance. Be-tr6th'ment, n. the act of betrothing. Be-triist', v. {be, trust) to commit to ; to confide. Bet'ter, v. (S- betr'mn) to improve ; to advance. — n. a superior. — a. the compara- tive of good. — ad. the comparative of ivell. Be-tiim'bled, p. a. {be, tumble) dis- ordered ; rolled about. Be-tween', prep. (S. be, twegen) in the intermediate space ; from one to another ; belonging to two. Be-twlxt', prep, in the midst of two ; from one to another. BeVel, Bev'il, n. (Fr. bureau) a kind of square used by masons and joiners ; in- clination from a' right line. — v. to cut to a bevel angle. BeVer-a^e, n. (L. bibo) drink ; liquor. BeVy, n. (It. beva) a flock ; a company. Be-wail', v. {be, tvail) to lament. Be-wail'er, n. one who bewails. Be-wail'ing, n. lamentation. Be-ware', v. (S. be, ivarian) to re- gard with caution ; to take care. Be-weep', v. {be, weep) to weep over. Be-wiTder, v. {be, ivild) to perplex ; to entangle ; to confound. Be-witch', v. {be, vntch) to charm ; to fascinate ; to enchant. Be-wltch'er, n. one who bewitches. Be-wltch'er-y, n. fascination ; charm. Be-wlti^h'ful, a. alluring ; fascinating. Be-wltfh'ing, a. fascinating ; enchanting. Be-wlt^h'ing-ly, ad. in an alluring manner. Be-wltfh'ment, n. power of charming. Be-wray', be-ra', v. (S. wregan ?) to betray ; to discover ; to shew. Be-wray'er, n. a betrayer ; a discoverer. Bey,n.a governor of aTurkish province. Be-yond' ? prep. (S. be, geond) on the farther side of ; farther onward than ; be- fore ; above.— ad. at a distance ; yonder. Bez'ant. See Byzant. Bez'el, n. that part of a ring in which the stone is fixed. Be'zoar, n. (P.) a medicinal stone. BSz-o-ar'dic, a. composed of bezoar. Bez-o-ar'ti-cal, a. having the quality of an antidote. Bl'as, n. (Fr. biais) the weight lodged on one side of a bowl ; inclination ; par- tiality. — v. to incline to some side. Bib, v. (L. bibo) to drink frequently ; to tipple.—;?, a piece of cloth put on the breasts of children to cover their clothes. Blb'ber, n. a tippler. Blb'u-lous, a. absorbing; spongy. Bi^le, n. (Gr. biblos) The Book, by way of eminence ; the sacred Scriptures. Blb'li-cal, a. relating to the Bible. Blb-li-og'ra-pher, n. one skilled in the know- ledge of books. Blb-li-o-graph'i-cal, a. relating to the know- ledge of books. Blb-li-og'ra-phy, n. a description or know- ledge of books. Blb-li-o-nia'ni-a, n. a rage for possessing rare and curious books. Blb-li-o-ma'ni-ac, n. one who has a rage for books. BU>-li-6p'o-list, n. a bookseller. Bib'li-o-theke, n. a library. Blb-li-o-the'cal, a. belonging to a library. Blb-li-Cth'e-ca-ry, n. a librarian. Bice, n. a blue or green colour. Bi-cip'i-tal, Bi-cip'i-tous, a. (L. bis, caput) having two heads. BIck'er, v. (W. bicre) to skirmish ; to fight ; to quiver. Blck'er-ing, n. a skirmish ; a quarrel. Bick'ern, n. {beak, iron X) an iron end- ing in a point. Bi'corne, Bl-cor'nous, a. (L. bis,cornu) having two horns. Bid, v. (S. biddan) to command ; to desire ; to offer ; to invite : p. L bid or bade ; p. p. bid or bld'den. tube, tub, full; cry, crypt, myrrh; toll, boy, our, now, new; cede, £em, rai^e, exist, thin. BID 50 BIS Bld'der, n. one who bids. Bld'ding, n. command ; order ; offer of a price. Bide, v. (S. bidari) to dwell ; to re- main ; to continue ; to endure. Bld'ing, n. residence ; habitation. Bi-dent'al, a. (L. bis, dens) having two teeth. Bi-det', n. (Fr.) a little horse. Bi-en'ni-al, a. (L. bis, annus) conti- nuing two years; happening every two years. Bl-en'ni-al-ly, ad. every two years. Bier, n. (S. beer) a carriage or frame for carrying the dead. Biest'ings, n. (S. tyst) the first milk of a cow after calving. Bi'fid, Bif'i-da-ted, a. (L. bis, findo) divided into two. BiTold, a. (L. bis, void fold) twofold. Bi'form, Bi'formed, a. (L. bis, forma) having two forms. Bl-form'i-ty, n. a double form. Bi-front'ed, a. (L. bis, frons) having two fronts. Bi-fur'ca-ted, a. (L. bis,furca) having two forks. Bl-fur-ca'tion, n. division into two branches. Big, a. (S. byggan \) great ; large ; huge ; pregnant ; fraught ; distended ; inflated. Blg^y, ad. haughtily ; with bluster. Blg'ness, n. bulk ; size. Big'a-mist, n. (L. bis, Gr. gameo) one who has two wives. Blg / a-my, n. the crime of having two wives. Big'gin, n. (Fr. beguin) a child's cap. Bight, bit, n. (S. bugan) a bend ; a bay ; a coil of a rope. Big'ot, n. (S. bigan) one unreason- ably devoted to a party, creed, or opinion ; a blind zealot. — a. blindly zealous. Btg / ot-ed, a. unreasonably zealous. Blg'ot-ry, n. blind zeal ; great prejudice. Bil'an-der, n. {by, land) a small mer- chant vessel. Birber-ry, n. a small shrub and its fruit ; whortleberry. Birbo, n. (Bilboa) a rapier ; a sword. BH'boes, n. pi. stocks for the feet. Bile, n. (L. bilis) a thick, yellow, bit- ter liquor, separated in the liver, and col- lected in the gall-bladder. BU'ia-ry, a. belonging to the bile. Bilious, a. affected by bile. Bilge, n. (S. bcelg) the breadth of a ship's bottom ; the protuberant part of a cask. — v. to spring a leak ; to let in water. Bil'ings-gate, n. (from a place of this name in London) ribaldry ; foul language. Bilk, v. (G. bilaikan) to cheat; to de- fraud ; to elude. Bill, n. (S. bile) the beak of a fowl.— v. to caress ; to fondle. Bill, n. (S. bil) a hatchet with a hooked point ; a battle-axe. BU'let, n. a small log of wood. BlU'man, n. one who uses a bill. Bill, n. (Fr. billet) a written paper ; an account of money d*ie ; a proposed law. BlHet, n. a note ; a ticket directing soldiers where to lodge.— v. to quarter soldiers. BiFlet-doux, blHe-du, n. (Fr.) a love-letter. Billiards, n. pi. (Fr. billard) a game played with balls and maces on a table. Biirion, n. (Fr.) a million of millions. Billow, n. (S. bcelg) a wave swoln and hollow. — v. to swell or roll like a wave. Biriow-y, a. swelling ; turgid. Bin, n. (S.) a place for wine, &c. Bi'na-ry, a. (L. binus) two ; double. — n. the constitution of two. Bind, v. (S. bindan) to confine with bonds ; to gird ; to fasten to ; to tie toge- ther ; to oblige by kindness ; to make cos- tive ; to cover books : p. t. and p. p. bOund. Blnd'er, n. one that binds. Binding, n. a bandage ; the cover of a book. Bin'na-cle, n.the compass-box : of a ship . Bi-ndVu-lar, a. (L. binus, oculus) hav ing two eyes ; employing both eyes. Bi-no'mi-al, a. (L. bis, nomen) com- posed of two parts or members. Bi-og ra-phy, n. (Gr. bios, grapho) the history or account of a life. Bl-og'ra-pher, n. a writer of lives. Bl-o-graph'i-cal, a. relating to biography. Bip'ar-tlte, a. (L. bis, partitum) hav- ing two correspondent parts. Bl'ped, ?2. (L. bis, pes) an animal with two feet. Bl-peVnate, Bi-pen'na-ted, a. (L. bis, penna) having two wings. Bi-qua'drate, n. (L. bis, quadratum) the fourth power in numbers. Bl-qua-drat'ic,a.relatingto the fourth power. Birch, n. (S. birce) a tree. BircVen, a. made of birch. Bird, n. (S.) a general name for the feathered kind ; a fowl. — v. to catch birds. Bird'bolt, n. an arrow for shooting birds. Bird'cage, n. an inclosure to keep birds in. Bird r cat9h-er, n. one who takes birds. Birdlime, n. a glue to catch birds. Bird'man, n. one who catches birds. BirdYeye, a. seen from above. Birth, n. (S. beorth) the act of coming into life ; extraction ; rank by descent. Birth'day, n. the day of one's birth. Blrth'nlght, n. the night of one's birth. Birth'plafe, n. the place of one's birth. Birth/right, n. the rights to which one is bora. Bis'cuit, bisldt, n. (L. bis, coctum) a kind of hard dry bread. Fate, fat, far, fall; me, m£t, there, her; pine, pin, field, fir; note, n6t. nor, mdve, s6oj BIS 51 BLA Bi-sect', v. (L. bis, sectum) to divide into two equal parts. Bl-sec'tion, n. division into two equal parts. Bish'op, n. (Gr. epi, skopeo) one of the higher order of clergy, who has the charge of a diocese. — v. to confirm. Blsh'op-ric, n. the diocese of a bishop. BTs'muth, n. (Ger. wiszmuth) a metal of a reddish white colour. Bl'son, n. (Gr.) a kind of wild ox. Bis-sex'tile, n. (L. bis, sex) leap year. BTs'tour-y, n. (Fr. bistouri) a surgeon's instrument for making incisions. Bis'tre, n. (Fr.) a colour made of soot. Bl-suTcous, a. (L. bis, sulcus) cloven- footed. Bitch, n. (S. bicce) the female of the dog kind ; a name of reproach for a woman. Bite, v. (S. bitan) to crush with the teeth ; to give pain by cold ; to wound ; to cheat : p. t. bit; p. p. blt'ten or bit. Bite, n. seizure by the teeth ; the wound made by the teeth ; a cheat ; a sharper. Bit, n. a small piece ; a morsel ; the part of a bridle put into a horse's mouth. — v. to put the bit in the mouth. Bit'er, n. one who bites. Blt'ing, n. the act of biting. — a. sharp; se- vere ; sarcastic. Blt'ing-ly, ad. jeeringly ; sarcastically. Bit'ta-cle. See Binnacle. Bit'ter, a. (S. biter) biting to the taste; sharp ; painful. — n. any thing bitter. Blt'ter-ly, ad. in a bitter manner ; sharply. Blt'ter-ness, n. a bitter taste; sharpness; severity ; malice ; hatred ; sorrow. Blt'ter-sweet, n. an apple sweet and bitter. Bit 'tern, n. (Fr. butor) a bird. Bi-tu'men, n. (L.) a kind of pitch. Bi-tu'mi-nate,v. to impregnate with bitumen. Bi-tu'mi-nous, a. containing bitumen. Bivalve, a. (L. bis, valvce) having two valves. — n. that which has two valves. Bl-val'vu-lar, a. having two valves. Bl'vi-ous, a. (L. bis, via) having two ways ; leading different ways. BTv'ouac, n. (Fr.) the guard or watch of a whole army during the night. — v. to be on watch all night. Blab, v. (T. blabberen) to tattle ; to tell tales.— n. a telltale. Blab'ber, n. a telltale ; a tattler. Black, a. (S. blac) of the colour of night ; dark ; cloudy ; dismal ; wicked. — n. a black colour ; a negro. — v. to make black. Black'en, v. to make black ; to defame. Black'ish, a. somewhat black. Blackly, ad. darkly ; atrociously. Black'ness, n. the quality of being black. Blacking, n. paste or liquor to blacken shoes. Black'a-mdor, Black'moor, n. a negro. Black'ball, v. to reject in choosing. Black'ber-ry, n. the fruit of the bramble. Black'blrd, n. a singing bird. Black'cat-tle, n. oxen, bulls, and cows. Black'cock, n. the heath-cock. Black'eyed, a. having black eyes. Black'faced, a. having a black face. Black'guard, n. a mean, wicked fellow. Black'jack, n. a leathern cup. Black'lead, n. a mineral used for pencils. Black'mail, n. a rate paid for protection to men allied with robbers. Black'moilthed, a. using foul language. Black-pud'ding, n. a kind of food made of blood and meal. Blacked, n. the usher belonging to the order of the Garter. Black'smlth, n. a smith that works in iron. Black'thorn, n. the sloe tree. Blad'der, n. (S. bladr) the vessel that contains the urine ; a blister ; a pustule. Blad'dered, a. swoln like a bladder. Blade, n. (S. bleed) the spire of grass before it grows to seed ; a leaf ; the cutting part of an instrument ; a brisk man. Blad'ed, a. having blades. Blain, rc. (S.blegen) a pustule; a blotch. Blame, v. (Fr. bl timer) to charge with a fault ; to censure. — n. imputation of a fault ; crime. Blam'a-ble, a. faulty ; culpable. Blam'a-ble-ness, n. state of being blamable Blam'a-bly, ad. culpably. Blame'ful, a. deserving blame; guilty. Blameless, a. without blame ; guiltless. Blame'less-ly, ad. innocently. Blame'less-ness, n. innocence. Blam'er, n. one who blames. Blame'wur-thy, a. deserving blame. Blame'wor-thi-ness, n. the quality of deserv- ing blame. Blanp/*, v. (Fr. blanc) to whiten ; to strip or peel ; to evade ; to shift. Bland, aXL.blandus)soft ; mild ; gentle. Blan'dish, v. to smooth ; to soften ; to caress. Blan'dish-ing, n. expression of kindness. Blan'dish-ment, 71. kind speech ; caresses. Blan-dll'o-que^e, n. flattering speech. Blank, a. (Fr. blanc) white ; without writing; empty; confused; without rhyme. — n. a void space ; paper unwritten ; a lot without value. — v. to make void ; to damp. Blanket, n. (Fr. blanchet) a woollen cover for a bed. — v. to cover with a blank- et ; to toss in a blanket. Blank'et-ing, n. tossing in a blanket. Blas-pheme', v. (Gr. blasphemeo) to speak impiously of God ; to speak evil of. Blas-phem'er, n.'one who blasphemes. Blas-phem'ing, n. the act of blasphemy. Blas'phe-mous, a. containing blasphemy. Blas'phe-mous-ly, ad. impiously. Blas'phe-my, n' indignity offered to God by words or writing. Blast, n. (S. bl&st) a gust or puff of wind ; the sound made by blowing a wind instrument ; blight. — v. to strike with a sudden plague ; to make to wither ; to blight ; to injure ; to confound ; to blow up. Blast'er, n. one that blasts. tube, tub, full; cry, crypt, myrrh; toll, b$y, Our, now, new; cede, ^eni, raise, exist, thin. BLA 5* BLO Blast ing, n. destruction ; explosion. Bla/tant, a. (S. blcetan) bellowing as a beast. Blat'ter, v. (L. blatero) to make a senseless noise. Blaze, n. (S. blase) a flame ; a stream of light ; wide diffusion of a report ; a mark like a blaze. — v. to flame ; to publish. Blaz'er, n. one who spreads reports. Bla'zon, v. to explain the figures on ensigns armorial ; to deck ; to display ; to cele- brate ; to make public. — n. the art of draw- ing coats of arms ; show ; publication. Bla'zon-er, n. one who blazons. Bla'zon-ry, n. the art of blazoning. Bleach, v. (S. blcecari) to whiten. Bleach'er, n. one who whitens. Blea^h'er-y, n. a place for bleaching. Bleak, a. (S. blac) pale ; cold ; chill ; cheerless; dreary; desolate. Bleakly, ad. coldly ; in a chill situation. Bleak'ness, n. dreariness ; coldness ; chilness. Bleak'y, a. cold ; chill ; dreary. Blear, a. (D. blaer) dim with rheum or water. — v. to make watery or dim. Blear'ed-ness, n. the state of being blear. Blear'eyed, a. having sore eyes. Bleat, v. (S. blcetan) to cry as a sheep. — n. the cry of lambs or sheep. Bleat'ing, n. the cry of lambs or sheep. Bleb. See Blob. Bleed, v. (S. bledari) to lose or draw blood ; to drop as blood : p. t. and p.p. bled. Bleeding, n. a running or letting of blood. Blemish, v. (Fr. blemir) to mark with any deformity ; to tarnish ; to defame ; to disfigure. — n. a mark of deformity ; taint. Blem'ish-less, a. without blemish ; spotless. Blenf/i, v. (Fr. blanc ?) to shrink ; to start back ; to give way. Blend,y.(S.i/enc?aw)tomingletogether. Bless, v. (S. bletsiari) to make happy ; to wish happiness to ; to invoke a blessing upon ; to praise : p. t. and p. p. blessed or blest. Bless'ed, p. a. happy ; holy. Bless'ed-ly, ad. happily. Bless'ed-ness, n. happiness ; divine favour. BleSs'er, n. one who blesses. Bl&ss'ing, n. a prayer for happiness; bene- diction ; a benefit ; divine favour. Blew, p. t. of blow. Blight, blit, n. (S. be, lihtan ?) mil- dew. — v. to corrupt with mildew ; to blast. Blind, a. (S.) wanting sight ; dark ; unseen. — v. to make blind ; to darken. Bllnd'ly, ad. without sight ; implicitly. Bllnd'ness, n. want of sight ; ignorance. Bllnd'fold, v. to hinder from seeing. — a. hav- ing the eyes covered. Blind-man's-buff, n. a play in which one blindfold tries to catch the others. Bllnd'slde, n. weakness ; foible. Bllnd'worm, n. a small serpent. Blink, v. (S. blicanV) to wink ; to see obscurely. — n. a glimpse ; a glance. Bllnk'ard, n. one who blinks. Bliss, n. (S. blis) the highest happiness. Bliss'ful, a. happy in the highest degree. Bllss'ful-ly, ad. in a blissful manner. Bllss'ful-ness, n. exalted happiness. Bliss'less, a. without happiness. Blis'ter, n. (D. bluyster) a thin bladder on the skin ; a plaster to raise blisters. — v. to rise in blisters ; to raise a blister. Blithe, a. (S.) gay ; airy ; joyous. Bllthe'iy, ad. in a blithe manner. Bllthe'ness, n. the quality of being blithe. Blithesome, a. gay ; cheerful ; merry. Bloat, v. (bloiv ?) to swell ; to puff up. Bloat'ed, a. puffed up ; turgid. BlOat'ed-ness, n. the state of being bloated. Blob or Bleb, n. (Ir. plub) a blister ; a bubble ; a vesicle ; a little tumor. Blob'ber-ltp, n. a thick lip. Blob'ber-lipped, a. having thick lips. Block, n. (D. blok) a heavy piece of timber; a mass of matter ; an obstruction; a pulley ; a stupid fellow. — v. to shut up ; to obstruct. Bl&ck-ade', n. a siege carried on by shutting up a place to prevent relief. — v. to shut up. Bl&ck'ish, a. stupid ; dull. BlOck'ish-ly, ad. in a stupid manner. Blftck'ish-ness, n. stupidity ; dulness. Bldck'head, n. a stupid fellow. Bldck'head-ed, a. stupid ; dull. Block'head-ly, a. like a blockhead. Blood, n. (S. Mod) the red fluid that circulates in the bodies of animals ; family; kindred ; descent ; high birth ; murder ; a hot spark ; the juice of any thing. — v. to stain with blood ; to inure to blood. Blood'y, a. stained with blood ; cruel. Blood'i-ly, ad. cruelly. Blood'i-ness, n. the being bloody. Blood'less, a. without blood. Blood'bol-tered, a. clotted with blood. Blood-gullt'i-ness, n. murder. Blood'hot, a. as hot as the blood. B16od'h6und, n. a fierce species of hound. Blood'let, v. to bleed ; to open a vein. Blood'let-ter, n. one who lets blood. Blood'red, a. red as blood. Bloodshed, n. murder ; slaughter. Blood'shed-der, n. a murderer. Bldod'shot, a. filled with blood ; red. Bloodstained, a. stained with blood. Bloodstone, n. the name of a stone. Blood'suck-er, n. a leech ; a cruel man. Blood's woln, a. suffused with blood. Blood'thirst-y, a. desirous to shed blood. B166d r v6s-sel, n. a vein or artery. Blood'y-flUx, n. dysentery. Blood'y-mlnd-ed, a. cruel. Bloom, n. (G. bloma) blossom ; the opening of flowers ; the prime of life ; the flush on the cheek. — v. to yield blossoms , to flower ; to be in a state of youth. Bl66m r ing, a. flourishing with bloom. Bldonr'y, a. full of blooms. Blos'som, n. (S. blosma) the flower of a plant.— v. to put forth blossoms. Fite, fit, far, fall; me, met, there, her; pine, pin, field, fir; note, ndt, nor, mdve, son; BLO 53 BOG BlSs'som-y, a. full of blossoms. Blot, v. (G-. blautjan) to obliterate ; to efface ; to spot with ink ; to stain. — n. an obliteration ; a spot or stain ; a reproach. Blotch, n. a spot upon the skin ; a pustule. — v. to mark with blotches ; to blacken. Blot'ter, n. one that blots. Blot'ting, n. the making of blots. Blow, n. (D. blowe) a stroke ; a sud- den calamity ; the egg of a fly. Bltfw, v. (S. blawari) to make a current of air ; to pant ; to breathe ; to drive by the wind ; to inflame with wind ; to swell ; to sound wind music : p. t. blew ; p.p. blown. Blow'er, n. one who blows. Blow'ing, n. the motion of the wind. Blow'pipe, n. a tube for blowing. Blow, v. (S. blowari) to flower; to bloom.— n. bloom ; blossom. Blowth, n. bloom ; blossom. Blowze, n. (D. blosen) a ruddy fat- faced wench. Blow'zy, a. fat and ruddy ; high-coloured. Bliib'ber, n. (Tr. plnb) a bubble ; the fat of a whale ; a sea-nettle.— v. to weep so as to swell the cheeks. Blud'geon, n, (G. blygywan) a short stick) loaded or heavy at one end. Blue, n. (S. bleo) one of the seven pri- mary colours. — a. of a blue colour. Blue'ly, ad. with a blue colour. BlQe'ness, n. the quality of being blue. Blfi'ish, a. blue in a small degree. BlCi'ish-ness, n. small degree of blue colour. Blue'bot-tle, n. a flower; a large fly. Blue'eyed, a. having blue eyes. BlQe'veined, a. having blue streaks or veins. Bluff, a. big ; surly ; obtuse ; steep. Bluff ness, n. the quality of being bluff. Blun'der, v. (D. blundereri) to mistake grossly. — n. a gross mistake. Blun'der-er, n. one who blunders. Blun'der-ing-ly, ad. in a blundering manner. Blun'der-buss, n. a gun with a large bore. Blun'der-head, n. a stupid fellow. Blunt, a. (T. plomp ?) dull on the edge or point ; rough ; rude ; abrupt.— v. to dull the edge or point; to depress. Blunt'ing, n. restraint ; discouragement. Blunt'ly, ad. in a blunt manner. Blunt'ness, n. want of edge ; abruptness. Blunt'wlt-ted, a. dull; stupid. Blur, n. a blot ; a stain. — v. to blot. Blurt, v. to utter inadvertently. Blush, v, (D. blosen) to redden with shame or confusion. — n. red colour raised by shame ; a red colour ; sudden appearance. Blush'ful, a. full of blushes. Blush'ing, n. the reddening of the face. Blush'less, a. without a blush ; impudent. Blush'y, a. having the colour of a blush. BluVter, v. (S. blast ?) to roar as a storm; to bully. — n. noise ; tumult ; swagger. BlGs'ter-er, n. a swaggerer ; a bully. Blus'ter-ing, n. noise ; tumult. Blus'ter-ous, a. noisy ; tumultuous. Bo, int. a word used to terrify children. Boar, n. (S. bar) the male swine. Boar'ish, a. swinish ; brutal ; cruel. Boar'spear, n. a spear used in hunting boars. Board, n. (S. bord) a flat piece of wood ; a table ; the deck of a ship ; food ; enter- tainment ; a council ; a court. — v. to lay with boards ; to enter a ship by force ; to live at a certain rate for food and lodging. Board'er, n. one who boards. Board'ing-school, n. a school where the scholars live with the teacher. Board' wa-ges, n. wages allowed to servants to keep themselves in victuals. Boast, v. (W. bostiaw) to brag ; to talk ostentatiously; to exalt one's self. — n. vaunting speech ; cause of boasting. Boasfer, n. one who boasts. Boast'ful, a. ostentatious; vain. Boast'ing, n. bragging speech. Boast'ing-ly, ad. ostentatiously. Boast'ive, a. presumptuous ; assuming. Boast'less, a. without ostentation. Boat, n. (S. bat) a small open vessel; a ship of inferior size. Boat'man, n. one who manages a boat. Boat'swain, bo'sn, n. an officer in a ship, who has charge of the boats and rigging. Bob,v. to play backward and forward ; to cheat; to strike ; to cut short. — n. some- thing that plays loosely; a blow ; a short wig. Bob'chCT-ry, n. a play among children. Bob'tail, n. a short tail ; the rabble. Bol/tiiiled, a. having a short tail. Bob'wTg, n. a short wig. Bobbin, n. (Fr. bobine) a small pin to wind thread upon ; round tape. Bode, v. (S. borlian) to portend ; to foreshew ; to be an omen Bode'ment, n. a portent ; an omen. Bod'ing, n. an omen ; a prognostic ~Bod r km,n.(bodikin ?) an instrument to bore holes, or dress the hair ; a dagger. Bod'y, n. (S. boduj) the material part of an animal ; a person ; the main part ; a collective mass ; a corporation ; a substance; a system.— v. to produce in some form. Bod'ied, a. having a body. BOd'i-less, a. without a body. * Bod'i-ly, a. relating to the body ; corporeal ; real ; actual. — ad. corporeally. BOd'ice, n. short stays for women. Bod'y-clothes, n. clothing for the body. BOd'y-guard, 1 ?}. a guard to protect the person. Bog, n. (It.) a marsh ; a morass.— v. to whelm as in mud or mire. Bog'gy, a. marshy; swampy. Bog'land, a. living in a bogcry country. Bog'trot-ter, n. one who lives in a boggy country ; a freebooter ; a robber. Bo'gle, Bog'gle, n. (W. bwg) a bugbear; a spectre ; a goblin. Bog'gle, v. to start ; to hesitate. BOg'gler, n. one who boggles. BOg'glish, a. doubtful ; wavering. tube, tfib, full ; cry, crypt, myrrh ; 1611, b6y, Sur, n6w, new ; cede, gem, raise, exist, thin. BOH Bo-hea', n. a species of tea. Boil, v. (L. bulla) to be agitated by heat ; to bubble ; to heat to a boiling state ; to cook by boiling. BOIl'er, n. one who boils ; a vessel for boiling. Bdiring, n. the act of bubbling ; ebullition. Boil or Bile, n. (S. byl) a sore angry- swelling. Bois'ter-ous, a. (D. byster) stormy ; violent; noisy; turbulent. B6is'ter-ous-ly, ad. violently ; tumultously. Bols'ter-ous-ness, n. turbulence ; violence. Bold, a. (S. bald) daring ; brave ; con- fident ; impudent ; striking to the sight. Bold'en, v. to make bold. Bold'ly, ad. in a bold manner. Bold'ness, n. courage; intrepidity; confi- dence ; freedom ; impudence. Bold'faced, a. impudent. Bole, n. a kind of earth. Bo'la-ry, a. pertaining to bole or clay. Boll, n. (S. bolla) a round pod or cap- sule. — v. to form into a round pod. Bol'ster, n. (S. bolstar) a long pillow ; a pad.— v. to support ; to hold up. Bolstered, a. swelled out. Bol'ster-er, n. a supporter. Bol'ster-ing, n. support ; a prop. Bolt, n. (S.) an arrow ; the bar of a door ; a fetter. — v. to fasten with a bolt ; to fetter ; to spring out suddenly. Bolt, v. (Fr. bluter) to sift; to separate. Bolt'er, n. a sieve. Bolt'head, n. a long glass vessel. Bdlt'sprit. See Bowsprit. Bolus, n. (L.) a quantity of medicine to be swallowed at once ; a large pill. Bomb, bum, n. (Gr. bombos) a loud noise ; a hollow iron shell, filled with gun- powder, to be thrown from a mortar. Bom-bard', v. to attack with bombs. Bom-bar-dieV, n. one who shoots bombs. Bom-bard'ment, n. an attack with bombs. Bomb'ketch, Bomb'ves-sel, n. a ship for fir- ing bombs. Bom-ba-sin', n. (L. bombyx) a slight stuff made of silk and worsted. Bom-bast*, n. stuff of a soft loose tex- ture ; fustian ; inflated language. — a. high- sounding ; inflated. — v. to inflate. Bom-bas'tic, a. high-sounding ; inflated. Bom-bi-la'tion, n. (Gr. bombos) sound; noise ; report. Bom-byc'i-nous, a. (L. bombyx) made of silk ; of the colour of the silk-worm. Bond, n. (S.) any thing that binds ; a cord ; a chain ; a writing of obligation : pi. imprisonment ; captivity. — a. captive. Bond'age,n.captivity; slavery; imprisonment. Btind'maid, n. a female slave. Bond'man, n. a man slave. BOnd'ser-vant, n. a slave. Bond'ser-vice, n. slavery. 54 BOO B6nd'slave, n. one in slavery. B6nd§'man, n. a slave ; a surety. B6nds'w6m-an, Bdnd'wom-an, n. a female slave. Bone, n. (S. ban) the firm hard sub- stance in an animal body. Boned, a. having bones. Boneless, a. without bones. Bo'ny, a. consisting of bones ; full of bones. Bone ache, n. pain in the bones. Bone'set, v. to set broken bones. Bone'sSt-ter, n. one who sets broken bones. Bon'ffre, n. (S. bcel,fyr\) a fire made to express public joy. Bon'net,7i.(Fr.)a covering for the head. Bon'ny, a. (L. bonus) beautiful : cay. Bon'ni-ly, ad. handsomely ; gayly. Bo'nus, n. (L.) a premium in addition to a privilege, or to interest for a loan. Bon'ze, n. a Japanese priest. Boo'by,™. (Ger. bube) a dunce; a bird. Book, n. (S. boc) a volume in which we read or write ; a literary work ; a division of a work.— v. to register in a book. Bodk'ful, a. full of notions from books. Bookish, a. given to books or study. Bddk'ish-ly, ad. in a wav devoted to books. Bdok'ish-ness, n. fondness for books. Bddk'less, a. without books ; unlearned. B66k'blnd-er, n. one who binds books. Bddk'case, n. a case for holding books. B66k'kee>er, n. a keeper of accounts. Bdok'keep-ing,rc. the art of keeping accounts. Bodk'learn-ed, a. versed in books. Book'learn-ing, n. learning acquired from books. Book^mak-ing, n. the art of making books. Book man, n. a scholar by profession. Brtdk'raate, n. a schoolfellow. Bdok'oath, n. an oath made on the Bible. Bddk'sfil-ler, n. one who sells books. Bdok'worm, n. a worm that eats holes in books ; a student closely given to books. B66m,n.(D.)alongpole used to spread out the clue of the studding sail ; a pole set up as a mark ; a bar laid across a harbour. —v. to rush with violence ; to swell. Boon, n. (S. bene) a gift ; a favour. Boon, a. (L. bonus) gay ; merry ; kind. 5Pfr, n. (D. boer) a rustic ; a clown. Boorish, a. rustic ; clownish. Bddrtsh-ly, ad. in a boorish manner. Bddr'ish-ness, n. rusticity; clownishness. Boot, v. (S. bot) to profit ; to advan- tage.— n. profit ; gain; advantage. Bootless, a. useless ; unprofitable. B66t'less-ly, ad. to no purpose. BdoTy, n. spoil ; plunder. Boot, n. (Fr. botte) a covering for the foot and leg ; part of a coach.— v. to put on boots. Bodt'ed, a. having boots on. B66t'hose, n. stockings to serve for boots. Booth, n. (W. bwth) a shed of boards or branches. Fate, fat, far, fall; me, rn6t, there, her; pine, ptn field, fir; note, not, nor, mpve, son; BOP 55 BOW Bo-peep', n. a play among children. Bor'del, n. (Fr.) a brothel. Bor'der, n. (S. bord) the outer part or edge ; the exterior limit ; a bank round a garden. — v. to touch at the side or edge ; to approach near to ; to adorn with a border. BorMer-er, n. one who dwells near a border. Bore, v. (S. borian) to make a hole ; to perforate. — n. a hole ; the size of any hole. Bor'er, n. one who bores. Bore, n. (bear 1) a tide swelling above another tide ; a sudden influx of the tide. Bore, p. t. of bear. Bo're-as, n. (L.) the north wind. Bo're-al, a. northern. Born, p. p. of bear ; brought forth. Borne, p. p. of bear ; carried. Bor'ough, btir'o, n. (S. burli) a cor- porate town. Bor'row, v. (S. borgian) to take the use of for a time ; to ask a loan. BOr'row-er, n. one who borrows. Bor'row-ing, n. the act of taking in loan. Bos'cage, n. (Fr. bocage) wood ; wood- lands ; the representation of woods. Bos'ky, a. woody. Bo'som, n. (S. bosum) the breast ; the heart. — a. confidential ; intimate. — v. to inclose in the bosom ; to conceal. Boss, n. (Fr. bosse) a stud ; a knob. Bossed, a. ornamented with bosses. Bos'sy, a. having bosses ; studded. Bot'a-ny, n. (Gr. botane) the science which treats of plants. Bo-tan'ic, Bo-tan'i-cal, a. relating to plants. Bo-tan'i-cal-ly, ad. according to botany. Bot'a-nist, n. one skilled in plants. Bot'a-nize, v. to study plants. Botch, it. (It. bozza) an ulcerous swell- ing ; a work ill finished. — v. to mark with botches ; to mend awkwardly. Botch'er, n. a mender of old clothes. Bot^h'er-ly, a. clumsy ; patched. Botch'er-y, n. a clumsy addition ; patchwork. Bfit^h'y, a. marked with botches. Both, a. (S. ba, tiva) the two ; the one and the other. — con. as well. Both'er, v. to perplex ; to tease. Bot'ry-oTd, a. (Gr. botrus, eidos) hay- ing the form of a bunch of grapes. Bots, n. pi. small worms in the en- trails of horses. Bot'tle, 72. (Fr. bouteille) a vessel with a narrow mouth, to put liquor in ; the con- tents of a bottle ; a quantity of hay or straw bundled up.— v. to put into bottles. Bot'tled, a put into bottles ; protuberant. Bot'tling, n. the act of putting into bottles. BcU'tle-nosed, a. having a large thick nose. BOt'tle-screw, n. a screw to pull out a cork. Bot'tom, n. (S. botm) the lowest part; the ground under water ; the foundation ; a dale ; a ship ; an adventure. — v. to found or build upon ; to rest upon for support. BOt'tomed, a. having a bottom. I Bot'tom-less, a. without a bottom. I B6t'tom-ry, n. the act of borrowing money on a ship. ! Bough,bou,7i.(S.5o#a)a branch of a tree. Botight, n. a twist ; a bend ; the part of a sling which holds the stone. Bought, bat, p. t. and p. p. of buy. Bounce, v. (D. bonzen) to leap ; to spring ; to thump ; to boast ; to lie. — n. a heavy blow ; a sudden noise ; a boast. BOun'cer, n. a boaster ; a bully ; a bar. BOun^ing-ly, ad. boastingly ; with threat. Bound, p. t. and p. p. of bind. Bound, n. (S. bunde) a limit ; that which restrains.— v. to limit ; to restrain i Bound'a-ry, n. a limit. I Bound'en, a. obliged ; appointed. Bound'er, n. one that limits. BSund'less, a. without bound ; unlimited. , Bound'less-ness, n. the being unlimited. I Bound, v. (Fr. bondir) to spring ; to jump ; to fly back. — n. a spring ; a leap. ■ BOund'ing-stone, n. a stone to play with. Boun'ty, n. (L. bonus) generosity ; liberality ; munificence ; a premium. ' BOun'te-ous, a. liberal ; kind. BOun'te-ous-ly, ad. liberally ; generously. , BOun'te-ous-ness, n. liberality ; muniheene*. I B6Qn'ti-ful, a. liberal ; generous. 1 Bfiun'ti-ful-ly, ad. liberally ; generously. 1 Boun'ti-ful-ness, n. generosity. Bou'quet, biVka, n. (Fr.) a nosegay. Bour'geon, v. (Fr.) to sprout ; to bud. Bourn, n. (S. bume) a bound ; a limit. Bouse, v. (D . buysen) to drink sottishly. Bou'^y, a. drunken; intoxicated. Bout, n. (It. botta) a turn ; a trial. Bo'vine, a. (L. bos) pertaining to oxen. Bow, v. (S. bugan) to bend ; to in- cline towards ; to depress ; to make a re- verence. — n. an act of reverence or respect. Bow'er, n. one who bows. Bow, n. (S. boga) an instrument for shooting arrows ; any thing bent in the form of a curve ; an instrument with which stringed instruments are played. Bow'yer, n. a maker of bows ; an archer. Bow'bgnt, a. crooked like a bow. Bow'hand, n. the hand that draws the bow. Bow'leg, n. a crooked leg. Bow'legged, a. having crooked legs. Bow'man,n.an archer ; one who shoots a bow. Bow'shot, n. the distance an arrow may reach. Bow'strlng, n. the string of a bow. Bow'sprlt, n. a large boom or spar project- ing from the head of a ship. Bow'wln-dow, n. a projecting window. Bow'els, 72. pi. (Fr. boyau) the intes- tines;' the entrails; pity; tenderness. Bow'el-less, a. without tenderness or pity. tube, tub, full ; cry, crypt, myrrh ; toil, bOy, our, n6w, new ; cede, gem, rai§e, exist, BOW 56 BRA Bow'er, n. (S. bur) a retired cham- ber ; a shady recess. Bow'er-y, a. having bowers ; shady. Bowl, n. (S. bolla) a vessel to hold liquid ; the hollow part of any thing. Bowl, n. (Fr. boule) a ball for playing. — v. to roll as a bowl ; to play at bowls. Bowl'er, n. one who plays at bowls. Bo wring, n. the act of playing at bowls. Bowling-green, n. a level piece of ground for playing at bowls. Bowl'der-stones, n. pi. round stones, found chiefly on the sea-shore. Bow'line, n. (Fr. bouline) a rope used to make a sail stand close to the wind. Box, n. (L. buxus) a tree or shrub. Box'en, a. made of box ; like box. Box, n. (S.) a case made of wood ; a chest. — v. to inclose in a box. Box, n. (W. bock ?) a blow with the list. — v. to fight with the fist. Box'er, n. one who boxes ; a pugilist. Box'ing, n. the act of fighting with the fist. Boy,7i.(Gr . pais ?) a male child ; a youth. Boy'hood, n. the state of a boy. Boy'ish, a. like a boy ; childish. Boy'ish-ness, n. the being like a boy. Boy 'ism, n. the state of a boy ; puerility. Boys/play, n. amusement of a boy. Brace, 7i. (Gr. brachion) a bandage ; a piece of timber to keep a building from swerving; a crooked line in writing and printing ; a pair : pi. straps to keep up any part of the dress.— v. to bind ; to tie close ; to strain up. Bra'cer, n. a bandage ; a cincture. Brace'let, n. an ornament for the arm. Brachial, a. belonging to the arm. Brack'et, n. a support fixed to a wall ; a crooked line in writing and printing. Brach, n. (Fr. bmque) a bitch hound. Brach'man. See Bramin. Bra-chyg'ra-phy, n. (Gr. brachus, gra- pho) short-hand writing. Bra-chyg'ra-pher, n. a short-hand writer. Brack, n. (S. bracan) a breach ; a crack. Brack'en. See under Brake. Brack'ish, a. (D. brack) rather salt. Brack'ish-ness, n. saltness in a small degree. Brag, v. (D. braggeren) to boast. — n. a boast ; a game at cards. Brag-ga-do'ci-o, n. a boaster. Brag'gar-dism, n. boastfulness. Brag'gart, n. a boaster. — a. boastful. Br&g'ger, n. a boaster. Brag'ging-ly, ad. boastingly. Braid, v. (S. bredan) to weave toge- ther. — n. a texture ; a sort of lace ; a knot. Brain, n. (S. brcegen) the soft whitish mass inclosed in trie skull ; the understand- ing ; the fancy. — v. to dash out the brains. Brain'ish, a. hotheaded ; furious. Brain'less, a. silly ; thoughtless. Brain'pan, n. the skull containing the brains. Brain's! ck,a.disordered in the understanding. Brain'slck-ly, ad. weakly ; giddily. Brain'slck-ness, n. giddiness ; indiscretion. Brake, n. (S. bracan) an instrument for dressing flax ; a snaffle for horses. Brake, n. (S. bracan 1) fern ; a thicket. Bra'ky, a. thorny ; rough ; prickly. Brack'en, n. fern. Bram'ble, n. (S. bremel) the black- berry bush ; a prickly shrub. Bram'bled, a. overgrown with brambles. Bra'mi^Brah'min,?!. an Indian priest. Bra-mln'i-cal, a. relating to the Bramins. Bran, n. (W.) husks of ground corn. Bran'ny, a. consisting of bran. Branch, n. (Fr. branche) a bough ; a shoot ; offspring. — v.to divide into branches. Bran^ft'er, n. one that shoots out into branches ; a young hawk. Branf/i'less, a. without branches. Branny, a. full of branches. Brand, n. (S.) a burning piece of wood ; a sword ; a mark of infamy. — v. to burn with a hot iron ; to mark with infamy. Brand'ish, v. to wave ; to shake ; to flourish ; to play with. — n. a flourish. Brand 7 ling, n. a kind of worm. Bran'dy, n. (brand, wine) a liquor distilled from wine. Bran'gle, v. (be, wrangleX) to dispute; to squabble. — n. a dispute. Bran'gling, n. quarrel. Bra-sil'. See Brazil. Brass, n. (S. bras) a yellow metal, com- posed of copper and zinc ; impudence. Bras/ier, Braz'ier, n. one who works in brass. Bras'sy, a. partaking of brass ; impudent. Braze, v. to solder with brass; to harden. Bra'zen, a. made of brass ; impudent. — v. to be impudent ; to bully. Bra'zen-face, n. an impudent person. Bra'zen-fa^ed, a. impudent ; shameless. Brat, n. a child, so called in contempt. Brave, a. (Fr.) courageous ; gallant ; bold. — n. a bold man ; a boast. — v. to defy. Brave'ly, ad. in a brave manner. Bra r ver-y, n. courage ; intrepidity ; heroism. Bra-va r do, n. a boast ; an arrogant threat. Bra'vo, n. an assassin ; a daring villain. Brawl, v. (Fr. brailler) to quarrel noi- sily ; to drive away. — n. a noisy quarrel. Brawl'er, n. a noisy fellow ; a wrangler. Brawl'ing, n. the act of quarrelling. Brawn, n. (S. bar) the flesh of a boar; the muscular part of the body ; the arm. Brawned, a. muscular ; strong. Brawn'er, n. a boar killed for the table. Brawn"y, a. muscular ; fleshy ; hard. Brawn'i-ness, n. strength ; hardness. Bray, v. (S. bracan) to grind small ; to pound ; to make a harsh noise, like an ass. — n. the noise of an ass. Bray'er, n. one that brays. Bray'ing, n. clamour ; noise. Fate, fat, far, fall ; me, m§t, there, her ; pine, pin, field, fir ; note, n6t, nor, move, son ; BRA 57 BRI Braze. See under Brass. Bra-zIT, n. (Port, braza) a kind of wood for dyeing. Breach, rc. (S. brecan) the act of break- ing •* a gap ; a quarrel ; an infraction. Bread, n. (S.) food made of ground corn ; support of life. Breadth, n. (S. brad) measure from side to side. Breadth'less, a. having no breadth. Break, v. (S. brecan) to part by vio- lence ; to burst ; to crush ; to shatter ; to tame ; to make bankrupt ; to discard ; to infringe : p. t. broke or brake ; p. p. bro'ken. Break, n. the state of being broken ; an open- ing ; a pause ; a line drawn ; the dawn. Break'er, n. one that breaks ; a wave broken by a rock or sandbank. Bre'ak'ing, n. bankruptcy; dissolution. Break'fast, v. to eat the first meal in the day. — n. the first meal in the day. Break'neck, n. a steep place. Break'wa-ter, n. a mole to break the force of the waves. Bream, n. (Fr. breme) a fish. Breast, n. (S. breost) the part of the body between the neck and the belly ; the bosom ; the heart ; the conscience. — v. to meet in front ; to oppose breast to breast. Breastbone, n. the bone of the breast. Breast'degp, a. up to the breast. Breast'hlgh, a. up to the breast. Breast'knOt, n. a knot worn on the breast. Breast'pln, n. an ornament for the breast. Brfiast'plate, n. armour for the breast. Breast'work, n. a work as high as the breast. Breath, n. (S. breath) the air drawn in and expelled by the lungs ; life ; respite ; pause; breeze; an instant. Breathe, v. to draw in and expel the air ; to live ; to pause ; to utter privately. Breath'er, n. one who breathes. Breath'ful, a. full of breath or odour. Breath'ing, n. respiration; vent; accent. Breath'ing-place, n. a pause ; a vent. Breath'ing- time, n. relaxation; rest. Breath/less, a. out of breath ; dead. Breath'less-ness, n. the state of being out of breath. Bred, p. t. and p. p. of breed. Breech, n. (S. brecan) the lower part of the body ; the hinder part of any thing. — v. to put into breeches ; to fit with a breech. Breech'es, brlch'es, n. pi. a garment worn by men over the lower part of the body. Breech'ing, n. a whipping. Breed, v. (S. bredan) to procreate ; to give birth to ; to educate ; to bring up ; to be with young : p. t. and p. p. br6d. Breed, n. a race ; offspring ; progeny ; a kind. Breed'er, n. one that breeds. Breeding, n. education ; manners ; nurture. Breese, n. (S. briosa) a stinging fly. Breeze, n. (Fr. brise) a gentle gale ; a soft wind. — v. to blow gently. BrGeze'less, a. without a breeze. BrfieVy, a. fanned with gales ; full of gales. Brethren, pi. of brother. Breve, n. (L. brevis) a musical note ; a writ ; a short note or minute. Brev'et, n. a commission which entitles an officer to rank above his pay. Brev'ia-ry, n. an abridgment ; an epitome ; a book containing the daily services of the Romish church. BreViate, ?u a short compendium. BreVi-ty, n. shortness ; conciseness. Brew, bru, v. (S. briwan) to make malt liquor ; to mingle ; to contrive.— n. that which is brewed. Brew'age, n. drink brewed ; a mixture. Brew'ef, n. one who brews. Brew'er-y, n. a place for brewing. Brew'ing, n. the quantity brewed at once. Brew'hOuse, n. a house for brewing. Bribe, n. (Fr. bribe) a reward given to corrupt the conduct. — v. to give a bribe ; to gain by bribes. Brlb'er, n. one who gives bribes. Brlb'er-y, n. the giving or taking of bribes. Brick, n. (Fr. brique) a squared mass of burnt clay ; a small loaf. — v. to lay with bricks ; to place as a brick. BrTck'bat, n. a piece of brick. Brlck'clay, n. clay for making bricks. Brlck'dust, n. dust made by pounding bricks. Brlck'kTln, n. a kiln for burning bricks. BrTcklay-er, n. a brick-mason. BrTck'mak-er, ?j. one who makes bricks. Bride, ?2. (S. bryd) a woman about to be married, or newly married. Brl'dal, n. a wedding. — a. belonging to a wedding; nuptial; connubial. Brlde'bed, n. a marriage bed. Brlde'cake, ?i. cake distributed at a wedding. Brlde'9ham-ber, n. the nuptial chamber. Brlde'groom, n. a man about to be married, or newly married. Brlde'maid, n. she who attends on the bride. Brlde'man,n. he who attends the bridegroom. Brlde'well, n. a house of correction : so called from a palace near St Bride's Well, in London, which was turned into a work- house. Bridge, n. (S. brycg) a building raised over water for convenience of passage ; the upper part of the nose ; the supporter of the strings of a musical instrument. — 1\ to build a bridge over. Bri'dle, n. (S. bridl) the reins by which a horse is governed ; a restraint ; a curb. — v. to put on a bridle ; to restrain. Brld'ler, n. one who bridles. Bri'dle-hand, n. the hand which holds the bridle in riding. Brief, a. (L. brevis) short ; concise ; contracted. — n. a short extract ; the state- ment of a case given to a pleader. Briefly, ad. in few words ; concisely ; quickly Briefness, n. shortness ; conciseness. Brfer, n. (S. br&r) a prickly shrub, Brfer-y, a. full of briers ; rough. tube, tfib, full; cry, cr^pt, myrrh ; toil, b5y, Our, now, new ; cede, gem, raise, e$ist, thin. BRI 58 BRO Brig, n. (brigantine) a vessel with two masts. Bri-gade', n. (Fr.) a division of troops. Brtg-a-dier', n. an officer who commands a brigade. Brig'and, n. (Fr.) a freebooter Brlg'an-dage, n. theft ; plunder. Brlg'an-dme, n. a light vessel, such as was formerly used by pirates ; a coat of mail. Brlg'an-tlne, n. a light vessel. Bright, brlt, a. (S. beorht) shining ; clear ; resplendent ; evident ; illustrious. Brlght'en, v. to make bright. Brlght'ly, ad. splendidly ; with lustre. Brightness, n. lustre ; acuteness. Brigue, n. (Fr.) cabal ; intrigue ; con- tention. — v. to canvass ; to solicit. Brilliant, a. (Fr. briller) shining ; sparkling. — n. a diamond of the finest cut. Brlll'ian-cy, n. lustre ; splendour. Brlll'iant-ly, ad. splendidly. Brim, n. (S. brymme) the edge ; the upper edge of a vessel ; the brink of a foun- tain, river, or sea. — v. to fill to the brim. Brlm'ful, a. full to the brim. Brlm'less, a. without a brim. Brlm'mer, n. a bowl full to the top. Brtm'ming, a. full to the top. Brim'stone, n. (S. bryne, stan) sulphur. Brlm'sto-ny, a. full of brimstone. Brin'ded, a. (S. byrnan ?) streaked. Brln'dle, n. the state of being brinded. Brin'dled, a. streaked ; spotted. Brine, n. (S. bryne) water impreg- nated with salt ; the sea. Brln'ish, a. saltish ; like brine. Brln'y, a. salt ; like brine. Brlne'plt, n. a pit of salt water. Bring, v. (S. bringari) to fetch from ; to convey or carry to ; to draw along ; to procure ; to attract ; to induce ; to prevail upon : p. t. and p. p. brought. Brlng / er, n. one who brings. Brink, n. (Dan.) the edge ; the margin. Brisk, a. (Fr. brusque) lively; active; full of spirit ; vivid ; bright. Brlsk'ly, ad. actively ; spiritedly. Brlsk'ness, n. liveliness ; activity. Brisk'et, n. (Fr. brechet) the breast. Bris'tle, bris'sl, n. (S. bristl) the hair of a swine ; stiff hair. — v. to erect as bristles. Bristly, a. thick set with bristles. British, a. relating to Britain. Brlt'on, n. a native of Britain. Bri-tan'nic, a. belonging to Britain. Brittle, a. (S. brytan) easily broken. Brlt'tle-ness, n. aptness to break. Brlze. See Breese. Broach, n. (Fr. broche) a spit.— v. to spit; to pierce ; to open; to let or give out. BrOach'er, n. a spit ; one who broaches. Broad, a. (S. brad) wide ; large ; ex- tensive ; open ; coarse ; obscene. Broad r en, v. to grow broad. Broad'ish, a. rather broad. Broad'ly, ad. in a broad manner. Broad'ness, n. breadth ; coarseness. Broad'cloth, n. a fine kind of woollen cloth. Broad'side, n. the side of a ship ; a discharge of all the guns at once from the side of a ship ; a large sheet of paper. Broad'sword, n. a cutting sword, with a broad blade. Broad'wls^jOd. in the direction of the breadth. Bro-cade', n. (Sp. brocado) a kind of flowered silk. Bro-cad r ed, a. woven or worked as brocade ; dressed in brocade. Bro'cage. See under Broke. Br6Vco-li,n. (It.) a species of cabbage. Brock, n. (S. broc) a badger. Brock'et, n. a red deer, two years old. Brogue, n. (Ir. brog) a kind of shoe ; corrupt dialect. BroTder, v. (Fr. broder) to adorn with figures of needlework. Brol'der-er, n. one who broiders. Brol'der-y, n. ornamental needlework. Broil, n. (Fr. brouiller) a tumult ; a quarrel. Broil, v. (Fr. bruler) to cook by laying on the coals ; to be in the heat. BrOU'er, n. one who broils. Broke, v. (S. brucan) to transact business for others. Br6"kage, Brocage, n. profit gained by pro- moting bargains'; dealing in old goods ; hire. Bro'ker, n. a factor ; a dealer in old goods. Bro'ker-age, n. the pay or reward of a broker. Brc/ker-ly, a. mean ; servile. Bro'ker-y, n. the business of a broker. Broke, p. t. of break. Broken, p. p. of break. BrO'ken-ly, ad. in an interrupted manner. Bro'ken-ness, n. the state of being broken. Bro-ken-heart'ed, a. having the spirits crush- ed by grief or despair. Bro-ken-wlnd'ed, a. having short breath. Bron'chi-al, a. (Gr. bronchos) belong- ing to the throat. Bron'cho-cele, n. a tumor in the throat. Bron-ch5t'o-my, n. the operation of cutting the windpipe. Bronze, Bronze, n. (Fr.) a metal com- pounded of copper and tin. — v. to harden as brass ; to colour like bronze. Brooch, n. (Fr. broche) a sort of buc- kle for fastening the dress ; a jewel. — v. to adorn with jewels. Brood, v. (S. brod) to sit as on eggs ; to remain long in anxiety ; to mature with care. — n. offspring ; progeny ; the number hatched at once ; a production. Brood'y, a. inclined to brood. Brook, n. (S. broc) a stream; a rivulet. Br66k r y, a. abounding with brooks. Fate, fat, far. fall; me, m£t, th6re, her; pine, ptn, field, fir; note, n5t, nor, mdve, son; BRO 59 BUG Brook, u. (S. brucan) to bear ; to endure. Broom, n. (S. bram) a shrub; a besom. Brodm or Bream, v. to clean a ship. Br66m'y,a. full of broom; consisting of broom. Broom'staff, Broom'stlck, n. the handle of a besom. Broth, n. (S.) liquor in which flesh has been boiled. Brotn'el, n. (Fr. bar del) a house of lewdness ; a bawdy-house. Br6th'el-ler, n. one who frequents brothels. Broth/el-ry, n. whoredom ; obscenity. Brother, n. (S.) one born of the same parents ; any one closely united ; an asso- ciate : pi. broth'ers and brgth'ren. Broth'er-hood, n. the state of being a brother; a fraternity ; an association. Broth'er-less, a. without a brother. Broth'er-llke, a, becoming a brother. Broth'er-ly, a. like a brother ; affectionate. — ad. in the manner of a brother. Brought, brat, p. t. and p. p. of bring. Brow, n. (S. br&vi) the ridge over the eye ; the forehead ; the edge of any high place. — v. to form the edge or border of. Brflw'beat, v. to depress by stern looks. BrOw'beat-ing, n. a depressing by stern looks. Brfiw'bound, a. crowned; having a diadem. Brow^ess, a. without shame. Brown, n. (S. brun) the name of a colour. — a. of a brown colour ; dusky. Brflwn'ish, a. somewhat brown. Br6\vn'ness, n. a brown colour. BrOwn-stQd'y, n. deep thoughtfulness. Browse, v. (Gr. brosko) to eat tender branches or shrubs. — n. branches or shrubs. BrOws/ing, n. food for cattle. Bruise, v. (S. brysari) to crush or man- gle by blows. — n. a hurt from a blow. Bruis/er, n. one who bruises ; a boxer. Bruit, n. (Fr.) report ; rumour. — v. to noise or spread abroad. Bru'mal, a. (L. bruma) belonging to the winter. Bru-nette', n. (Fr.) a woman with a brown or dark complexion. Brunt, n. (S. byrnari) the heat or vio- lence of an onset ; shock. Brush, n. (Fr. brosse) an instrument for cleaning or sweeping ; a pencil used by painters ; the tail of a fox ; an assault ; a thicket.— v. to sweep with a brush; to move with haste. Brush'er, n. one who brushes. Brush'y, a. rough or shaggy, like a brush. Brush/w6dd, n. low close bushes. Brusk, a. (Fr. brusque) rude; abrupt. Brus'tle, briis'sl, v. (S. brastlian) to crackle ; to make a noise. Brute, a. (L. brutus) senseless ; irra- tional ; savage,— r.. an irrational animal. Bru'tal, a. like a brute ; savage ; cruel. Bru-tal'i-ty, n. savageness ; inhumanity. Bru'tal-Ize, v. to make or grow brutai. Bru'tal-ly, ad. in a brutal manner. Brute'ly, ad. in a rude manner. Bru'ti-fy, v. to make like a brute. Br u'tish, a. bestial; savage; gross. Bru'tish-ly, ad. in the manner of a brute. Bru'tish-ness, n. savageness. BryVny, n. (L. bryonia) a plant. Bubble, n. (D. bobbel) a small bladder of water ; any thing empty ; a cheat ; a false show. — v. to rise in bubbles ; to run with a gentle noise ; to cheat. Btib'bler, n. a cheat. Bub'bly, a. consisting of bubbles. Bul)o, n. (Gr. boubon) the groin ; a tumor in the groin. Bu'bo-no-cele, n. rupture in the groin. Buc-a-nieV, Buc-ca-neer / , n. (Fr. bou- caner ?) a pirate. Buck, n. (Ger. beuche) lye or suds in which clothes are soaked or washed. — v. to soak or wash in lye. BQck'bas-ket, n. a" basket in which clothes are carried to be washed. Buck, n. (S. bucca) the male of cer- tain animals, as the deer ; a dashing fellow. Buck'skln,n. leather made from a buck's skin. — a. made of the skin of a buck. Buck'stall, n. a net to catch deer. Buek'et, n. (S. buc) a vessel for draw- ing water. Buc'kle, n. (Fr. boucle) an instru- ment for fastening dress. — v. to fasten with a buckle ; to prepare for action ; to bend. Buck'ler, n. a kind of shield. Biick'ram, n. (Fr. hounran) a sort of stiffened cloth.— a. stiff; precise. Bu-eoTic, Bu-coTi-cal, a. (Gr. boukolus) pastoral. Bu-cfil'ic, n. a pastoral poem. Bud, )2. (Fr. bouton) the first shoot of a plant ; a gem.— v. to put forth buds. Budge, v. (Fr. bouger) to stir. Bud'ger, n. one who stirs. Budge, n. the dressed fur of lambs. Biid'get, n. (Fr. bougette) a bag ; a stock ; a statement respecting finances. Buf'fa-lo, n. (It.) a kind of wild ox. Buff, n. leather made of a buffalo's skin ; the colour of buff; a light yellow. Buffet, 72. (It. buffetto) a blow with the list.— v. to strike with the fist. Buffet-ing, n. striking; contention. Buf-f et', n. (Fr.) a kind of cupboard. Buf-foon', n. (Fr. bouffon) a low jes- ter ; a mimic — i*. to make ridiculous. Buf-fo6n'er-y, n. low jesting; mimicry. Bug, n. an insect. Bug, Bugbear, n. (W. bwg) something that scares, or raises absurd fright. Bu'gle, Bu'gle-horn, n. (S. bugan) a hunting or military horn. tube, tub, full; cry, crypt, myrrh; t6Il, boy, our, now, new; cede, £ein, rai^e, e^ist, thin. BUG 60 BUR Bii'gle,?i. a shining bead of black glass. Build, v. (S. byldan) to raise a fabric or edifice ; to erect ; to construct : to de- pend on : p. t. and p. p. built. Bulld'er, n. one who builds ; an architect. Butld'ing, n. a fabric ; an edifice. Bulb, n. (Gr. bolbos) a round root. Bul'bous, a. having bulbs. Bul^e, n. (S. bcelg) the protuberant part of a cask; a protuberance. — v. to swell out ; to be protuberant. Bulk, n. (W. bwlg) size ; magnitude ; the mass ; the main part of a ship's cargo ; a part of a building that juts out. Barky, a. of great size. Bul'ki-ness, n. greatness of size. Bulk-head', n. a partition across a ship. Bull, n. (Ger. bulled the male of cattle; one of the signs of the zodiac. Bul'lock, n. an ox. Bull'bait-ing, n. a fight of bulls with dogs. Bull'calf, n. a male calf; a stupid fellow. Bulldog, n. a species of dog. Bull'f Inf/*, n. a species of bird. Bull'trdut, n. a large kind of trout. Bulrush, n. a large rush growing in water. Bull, n. (L. bulla) an edict of the pope ; a blunder. Bul'la-ry, n. a collection of papal bulls. Bul'list, n. a writer of papal bulls. Bul'lish, a. of the nature of a bull or blunder. Bullace, n. a sort of wild plum. Bullet, n. (Fr. boulet) a round ball of metal; shot. Bulle-tin, n. (Fr.) an official report. Bullion, n. (Fr. billon) gold or silver in mass, or uncoined. Bul-li'tion, n. (L. bullio) the act of boiling. Bully, n. (L. bulla ?) a noisy, quarrel- some fellow. — v. to bluster ; to threaten. Bul'wark, n. CD. bolwerke) a fortifi- cation ; a security. — v. to fortify. Bum, v. (D. bommen) to make a noise. Bump, v. to make noise ; to strike. — n. a swelling ; a protuberance. Bum'ble-bee, or Hum'ble-bee, n. a large bee. Bum'boat, n. a boat that carries provisions to a ship. Bump'kin, n. a clown ; a rustic. Bum-bailiff, n. (bound, bailiff) an under bailiff. Bum'per, n. (Fr. a bon, pere 1) a cup or glass filled to the brim. Bun,Bunn,?i.(Ir.6w7ma) a kind of cake. Biinp^, n. (G. bunke) a lump ; a clus- ter. — v. to swell out in a bunch. Bunf/i'y, a. full of bunches ; like a bunch. Bun'dle, n. (S. byndel) a number of things bound together. — v. to tie together. Bung, n. (W. bwng) a stopper for a barrel. — v. to stop up a barrel. Bung'hole, n. the hole in the side of a barrel. Bun'gle, v. (W. bwngler) to perform clumsily.— n. a clumsy performance. Bung'ler, n. one who bungles. Bung'ling-ly, ad. clumsily ; awkwardly. Bunting, n. the name of a bird. Buoy, n. (Fr. bouee) a piece of cork or wood floating on the water, tied to a weight at the bottom.— v. to keep afloat ; to bear up. Bud$Kan-cy, n. the quality of floating. Buoyant, a. floating ; light. Biir, n. the prickly head of burdock. Bur'den, or Burlhen, n. (S. byrtheii) what is borne ; a load. — v. to load. Bur'den-ous, a. grievous ; useless. Bur'den-some, a. heavy ; grievous ; severe. Bur'den-some-ness, n. weight ; heaviness. Bur'den, n. (Fr. bourdon) a chorus. Bu-reau', bu-ro', n. (Fr.) a chest of drawers with a writing board. Bur'ga-net, Bur'go-net, n. (Fr. bour- guignote) a kind oi helmet. Burgh, burg, n. (S. burh) a corporate town ; a borough. Bur'gage, n. a tenure by whicn the inhabi tantsof towns hold their lands or tenements BQr'gess, n. a freeman of a burgh. Bur'gess-ship, n. the state of a burgess. Bur'gher, n. a freeman of a burgh. Burg'mote, n. a burgh court. Bur'go-mas-ter, n. a magistrate of a city. Bur'grave, n. a governor of a town or castle. Burglar, n. (S. burh, Fr. larron) a thief who breaks into a house by night. Bflrg'la-ry, n. housebreaking by night. Burg-la'ri-ous, a. relating to housebreaking. Bur'gun-dy, ?i.wine made inBurgundy. Burl-al. See under Bury. Bu'rine, n. (Fr. burin) a graving tool. Burl, n. to dress cloth, as fullers do. Burl'er, n. a dresser of cloth. Bur-lesque', a. (Fr.) tending to raise laughter ; jocular. — n. a ludicrous repre- sentation. — v. to turn to ridicule. Burly, a. (boor, like ?) big ; tumid ; boisterous. Bur'li-ness, n. bulk ; bluster. Burn, v. (S. byrnan) to consume with fire ; to wound with fire ; to be on fire : p. t. and p. p. burned or burnt. Burn, n. a wound caused by fire. Burn'er, n. a person or thing that burns. Burn'ing, n. fire; flame; inflammation.— a. flaming ; vehement ; powerful. Burning-glass, n. a glass which collects or condenses the sun's rays. Bur'nish, v. (Fr. brunir) to polish ; to grow bright. — n. a gloss ; brightness. Bur / nlsh-er, n. one that burnishes. Biir'row, n. (S. beorgan) a hole in the ground for rabbits, &c. — v. to make holes in the ground. Fate, fat, far, fall ; me, mSt, there, her; pine, pin, field, fir; note, not, nor, move, s5n ; BUR 61 CAB Burse, n. (L. bursa) an exchange where merchants meet. Bur'sar, n. the treasurer of a college ; a stu- dent who has an allowance from a fund. Bur'sar-ship, n. the office of a bursar. Bur'sa-ry, n. the treasury of a college ; the allowance paid to a bursar. Burst, v. (S. berstari) to break or fly asunder ; to break open suddenly ; to come suddenly or with violence: p.f.andp.p.burst. Burst, n, a sudden disruption ; a rupture. BuVthen. See Burden. Bur'y, ber'y, v. (S. birgari) to put into a grave ; to cover with earth ; to conceal. Bur'i-al, n. the act of burying ; a funeral. Bur'y-ing, n. the act of putting into the grave. Bur'y-ing-place, n. a place for graves. Bush, n. (Ger. busch) a thick shrub ; a bough. — v. to grow thick. Bush'y, a. full of bushes ; like a bush. Bushi-ness, n. the quality of being bushy Bush'el, n. (Fr. boisseau) a dry mea- sure containing eight gallons. Busk, n. (Fr. busc) a piece of steel or whalebone worn in stays. Bus'kin, n. (D. broseken) a kind of half boot ; a high shoe worn by ancient actors of tragedy. Bus'kined, a. dressed in buskins. Biiss, n. (L. basium) a kiss ; a salute with the lips. — v. to kiss. Buss,?i. (D. buis) a boat used in fishing. Bust, n. (It. busto) a statue of the head and shoulders. Biis'tard, n. a large bird of the tur- key kind. Bus'tle, biis'sl, v. (S. brastlian ?) to be busy with quick motion ; to be active. — ft. a hurry ; a tumult. Bus'tler, n. an active, stirring person. Bus'y, biz'y, a. (S. biseg) employed with earnestness ; active ; officious. — v. to employ ; to engage. Bus/i-ly, ad. in a busy manner. Business, blz'ness, ft. employment ; serious engagement ; an affair ; concern ; trade. Bus/y-bod-y, ft. a meddling person. But, con. (S. butari) except ; except that; besides; only; unless; yet.— ad. no more than.— prep, except. But, n. (Fr. bout) a boundary ; a limit. — 1\ to touch at one end. But'end, n. the blunt end of any thing. But'ment, n. the support of an arch. Butt, n. a mark to be aimed at ; an object of ridicule ; a blow or push. — v. to strike with the head or horns. But'shaft, n. an arrow Butch'er, n. (Fr. boucher) one who kills animals to sell ; one who delights in slaugh- ter. — v. to kill ; to murder. Butch'er-ly, a. bloody ; cruel. BQtch'er-y, n. the trade of a butcher ; slaugh- ter ; the place where animals are killed. Butler, n. (Fr. bouteille) a servant who has charge of liquors, &c. But'ler-ship, n. the office of a butler. Butt, n. (S. but) a large cask. But'ter, n. (L. butyrum) an oily sub- stance made from cream by churning.— v. to smear or spread with butter. But'ter-y, a. having the qualities of butter. — n. a room where provisions are kept. But'ter-fly, n. a winged insect. But'ter-m'llk, n. the milk which remains when butter has been made, But'ter-prlnt, n. a stamp to mark butter. Bu-ty-ra'ceous, Bu'ty-rous, a. having the qualities of butter. But'tock, n. (Fr. bout \) the rump. Biit'ton, n. (Fr. bouton) a knob or ball for fastening clothes ; the bud of a plant.— v. to fasten with buttons. But'ton-hoie, n. a hole to admit a button. BQt'ton-mak-er, n. one who makes buttons. BuYtress, n. (Fr. bout) a prop ; a sup- port. — v. to prop ; to support Bux'onija. (S. bocsum) obedient ; yield- ing ; gay ; lively ; brisk ; wanton. Bux'om-ly, ad. obediently ; wantonly. Bux'om-ness, n. obedience ; wantonness. Buy, v. (S. bycgan) to obtain for mo- ney ; to purchase : p. t. and p. p. bought. Buy'er, n. one who buys ; a purchaser. Buzz, v. to hum like a bee ; to whisper. — n. the noise of a bee or fly ; a whisper. Buz'zer, n. a secret whisperer. Buz'zard, n. a species of hawk ; a blockhead. — a. senseless ; stupid. By, prep. (S. be) denotes the agent, "way, or means; at; near.— ad. near; be- side ; in presence ; passing. By, Bye, n. something not the direct and im- mediate object of regard : as by the by or bye By'and-by, ad. in a short time. By, in composition, implies something out of the direct way. By'cor-ner, n. a private corner. Bs'-'gnd, ii. private interest. Begone, a. past. By'lane, n. a private lane. By 'law, ;j. a private rule. By'name, n. a nickname. By'past, a. past ; gone by. By'path, n. a private path. By'road, n. a private road. By'stand-er, n. a looker on. By'street, ft. an obscure street. ByA-iew, n. a self-interested purpose. By'walk, n. a private walk. BC'way, n. a private and obscure way. By'wlpe, ft. a secret stroke or sarcasm. By 'word, n. a saying ; a proverb. Byz'ant, Byz'an-tine, n. a gold com, made at Byzantium. Cab, n. (H.) a Hebrew measure of about three pints. tube, tub, full; cry, crypt, myrrh; t611, boy, our, n5w, new; cede, gem, rai?e, exist, thin. D CAB 62 CAL Ca-bal , Cab'a-la, n. (H.) Jewish tra- dition ; secret science. Cab'a-li§m, n. the science of the cabala. Cab'a-list, n. one skilled in Jewish tradition. Cab-a-lIs / tic,Cab-a-lIs / ti-cal,<2. secret; occult. Cab-a-lls'ti-cal-ly, ad. mysteriously. Cab'a-llze, v. to speak like the cabalists. Ca-bal', n. a private junto ; an in- trigue. — v. to intrigue. Ca-bal'ler, n. one who intrigues. CaVal-line, a. (L. caballus) belonging to a horse. Cab'a-ret, n. (Fr.) a tavern. Cablba^e, n. (L. caput ?) a vegetable. Cabbage, v. to steal in cutting clothes. Cab 'in, n. (W. caban) a cottage ; a small room ; a room in a ship. — v. to live or confine in a cabin. Cab'i-net, n. (Fr.) a closet ; a room in which consultations are held ; the collective body of ministers of state ; a set of drawers for curiosities ; a place for things of value. Cab'i-net-cftun-^l, n. a council of cabinet ministers. Cab'i-net-mak-er, n. a maker of fine wood- work. Ca'ble, n. (D. cabel) a rope to hold a ship at anchor ; a large rope. Cabled, a. fastened with a cable. Cab'ri-o-let, cab'ri-o-la, n. (Fr.) a sort of open carriage, commonly shortened into Cab. Cach'ex-y, n. (Gr. kakos, hexls) a bad state of body. Ca-ch6c'tic, Ca-cheVti-cal. a. having a bad state of body. Cach-in-na'tion, n. (L. cachinno) loud laughter. CacTtle, v. (D. kaeckelen) to make a noise like a hen or goose. — n. the noise of a fowl ; idle talk. Cackling, n. the noise of a hen or goose. Cac'o-chym-y, n. (Gr. kakos, chumos) a bad state of the humours. Cac-o-chym'ic, Cac-o-chym'i-cal, a. having the humours in a bad state. Cac-o-de'mon, n. (Gr. kakos, daimoii) an evil spirit. Cac-o-e'thes, n. (Gr. kakos, ethos) a bad custom. Ca-cog'ra-phy, n. (Gr. kakos, grapho) bad spelling. Ca-coph'o-ny, n. (Gr. kakos, phone) a bad sound of words. Ca-dav'er-ous, «. (L. cadaver) like a dead body. Cad'dis, n. (Gael, cadas} a kind of tape ; a worm or grub. Cad'dow, n. a chough ; a jackdaw. Cade, a, tame ; bred by hand. Cade, n. (L. cadus) a barrel or cask. Ca'dence, n. (L. cado) the fall of the voice in reading or speaking ; the flow of verses or periods ; the tone or sound. Ca'dent, a. falling down. Ca-det', ii. (Fr.) a younger brother ; a volunteer in the army, who serves in ex- pectation of a commission. Ca'di, n. (Ar.) a Turkish magistrate. Ca,-d\i'cous, a. (L.caducus) falling early. Ca-du r ci-ty, n. tendency to fall ; frailty. Cfe-su'ra, n. (L.) a pause in verse. Cae-sVral, a. relating to a caesura. Ca^e, n. (Fr.) an inclosure for birds or beasts. — v. to inclose in a cage. Cairn, n. (C.) a heap of stones. Cai'tiff, n. (It. cattivo) a mean villain ; a knave.— a. base ; servile. Ca-jole', v. (Fr. cajoler) to flatter ; to coax ; to delude. Ca-joTer-y, n. flattery ; deceit. Cake, n. (D. koek) a kind of bread ; concreted matter. — v. to form into a cake. Cal-a-man'co, n. a kind of woollen stuff. Cara-mine, n. an ore of zinc. Ca-lam'i-ty, n. (L. calamitas) misfor- tune ; misery ; distress. Ca-lam r i-tous, a. full of misery ; distressful. Cal'a-mus, n. (L.) a sort of reed. Ca-lash r , n. (Fr. caliche) a sort of open carriage ; a kind of hood. Cal-ca're-ous. See under Calx. CaTce-do-ny. See Chalcedony. Cal-cme'. See under Calx. Cal-cog'ra-phy. See Chalcography. Carcu-late, v. (L. calculus) to com- pute ; to reckon ; to adjust. Carcu-la-ble, a. that may be computed. Cal-cu-la'tion,/!. a computation ; a reckoning. Carcu-la-tive, a. belonging to calculation. Cafcu-la-tor, n. a computer ; a reckoner. Cal'cu-lus, n. stone in the bladder. Cal'cu-la-ry, a. relating to the stone. Cal'cu-lose, Cafcu-lous, a. stony; gritty. Cal'dron, n. (L. caldarium) a large kettle ; a boiler. Cal'e-fy, v. (L. caleo) to grow hot. Cal-e-fac'tion, n. the act of heating. Ca-lld'i-ty, n. heat. Cal'i-duct, n. a pipe to convey heat ; a stove. Calends, n. pi. (L. calendce) the first of every month among the Romans. Cal'en-dar, n. a yearly register ; an almanac. — v. to enter in a calendar. CaTen-der, v. (Gr. kulindros) to dress cloth. — n. a hot press for dressing cloth. CaTen-ture, n. (L. caleo) a species of fever peculiar to hot climates. Calf, caf, n. (S. cealf) the young of a Fiite, fat, far, fall; me, mSt, there, her; pine, pin, field, fir; note, not, nor, mdve, sol; CAL 63 CAN cow ; a stupid fellow ; the thick part of the leg ; pi. calve§. Calf like, a. resembling a calf. Calve, v. to bring forth a calf. Calv'ish, a. like a calf. Cal'i-ber, Cal'i-bre, n. (Fr. calibre) the bore of a gun ; capacity ; cast ; sort. Calico. See Chalice. Call-co, n. a stuff made of cotton, from Calicut in India. Calif, Caliph, n. (Ar. khalifa) a title of the successors of Mohammed. Cari-phate, n. the office or dignity of a caliph. Cal-i-ga'tion, n. (L, caligo) darkness. Ca-lig'i-nous, a. dark ; obscure ; dim. Ca-lig'ra-phy, n. (Gr. kalos, grapho) beautiful writing. Cal-i-graph'ic, a. relating to beautiful writing. Cal-i-pash', Cal-i-pee', n. terms of cookery in dressing turtle. Call-ver, n. (Fr. calibre) a hand-gun. Calix, Calyx, n. (L.) a flower-cup. Calk, cak, v. (S. ccele) to stop the leaks of a ship. Calk'er, n. one who calks. Calk'ing-I-ron, n. a chisel for calking. Call, n. (L. calo) to name ; to summon; to convoke ; to cry out ; to make a short visit. — n. an address ; a summons ; a de- mand ; a short visit. Call'er, n. one who calls. Call'ing, n. vocation ; profession ; trade. Cal-lidl-ty, ft. (L. callidus) craftiness. Calli-pers, n. pi. (Fr. calibre) com- passes with curved legs. Callous, a. (L. callus) hardened ; in- sensible ; unfeeling. Cal-los'i-ty, n. a hard swelling without pain. Cal'lous-ly, ad. in an unfeeling manner. Cal'lous-ness, n. hardness ; insensibility. Callow, a. (S. calo) unfledged ; naked. Calm, cam, a. (Fr. calme) quiet ; serene ; undisturbed. — n. serenity ; quiet ; repose. — v. to still ; to quiet ; to pacify. Calm'er, n. one that calms. Calm'ly, ad. serenely ; quietly. Calm'ness, n. tranquillity ; mildness. Calm'y, a. quiet ; peaceful. CaTo-mel, ft. (Gr. kalos, melas) a pre- paration of mercury. Ca-lorlc, ft. (L. calor) the principle or matter of heat. Cal-o-rlfic, a. causing heat. Ca-lotte', ft. (Fr.) a coif ; a cap. Ca-loy'ers, n. pi. (Gr. kalos) monks of the Greek church. Cal'trop, Cal'tnrop,ft.(S. coltrneppe) an instrument of war for wounding horses' feet. Cal'u-met, n. an Indian smoking pipe. Callim-ny, n. (L. calumnia) slander ; false accusation. Ca-lum'ni-ate, y.to slander; to accuse falsely Ca-ltim-ni-a/tion, n. false accusation. Ca-lum / ni-a-tor, n. a slanderer. Ca-lum'ni-a-to-ry, a. false j slanderous. Ca-lum'ni-ous, a. falsely reproachful. Ca-lum'ni-ous-ly, ad. in a slanderous manner. Ca-lum'ni-ous-ness, n. slanderous accusatiou. Cal'vin-ism, n. the doctrine of Calvin, Cal'vin-ist*, n. a follower of Calvin. Cal-vin-is'tic, Cal-vin-Is'ti-cal, a. relating to Calvinism. Calx, ft. (L.) lime or chalk ; powder made by burning : pi. cal'ggs. Cal-ca're-ous, a. of the nature of lime or chalk. Cal'cine, v. to burn to a calx or powder. Cal'fi-na-ble, a. that may be calcined. Cal^i-nate, v. to burn to calx or powder. Cal-ci-na'tion, n. the act of calcining. Cambric, n. a kind of fine linen, from Cambray in Flanders. Came, p. t. of come. Cam'el, n.(L. camelus) an animal com- mon in Arabia and other eastern countries. Came'lot, Cam'let, n. a stuff made of camel's hair, or wool and bilk. Cam'el-o-pardjft. (L. camelus, pardus) the giraffe, a large quadruped. Cam'e-o,?!. (It.) a gem on which figures are engraved. Cam r e-ra ob-scu'ict, n. (L.) an optical machine used in a darkened chamber, by which objects without are exhibited. Cam-e-ralion, n. (L. camera) a vault- ing or arching. Cam-i-sa'do, n. (Fr. chemise) an attack made in the dark. Cam'o-mTle, ft. (Gr. chamai, melon) a plant. Camp, n. ( L. campus) the order of tents for an army ; an army encamped. — v. to fix tents ; to lodge in tents. Cam-pa ign', cam -pan', n. a large open coun- try ; the time an army keeps the field iu one year.— v. to serve in a campaign. Cam-pes'tral, a. growing in fields. Cam-panl-form, a. (L. campana) in the form of a bell. Cam'phorjCam'phire^i.tL.camp/zora) a solid white gum. Cam'phire, v. to impregnate with eamphire. Cam'pho-rate, Cam'pho-ra-ted, a. impreg- nated with camphor. Can, v. (S. cunnan) to be able ; to have power : p. t. could. Can, ft. (S. carina) a vessel for liquor. Can'a-kin, n. a little can ; a small cup. Ca-naille', ca-naIT,ft. (Fr.) the rabble. Ca-nar, n. (L. canalis) a water-cours6 made by art ; a duct. Ca-na'ry, n. wine brought from the Ca- nary islands ; a singing bird ; an old dance. Can'cel, v. (L. cancelli) to blot out ; to efface ; to obliterate. tube, tQb, full ; cry, crypt, myrrh ; toil, b6?, Our, nOw, new ; cede, gem, rai§e, exist, thin. CAN 64 CAP Can'c el-la-ted, a. marked with cross lines. Cancer, n. (L.) a crab-fish ; one of the signs of the zodiac ; a virulent sore. Cancer-ate, v. to grow cancerous. Can'cer-ous^.having the qualities of a cancer. Can'dent, a, (L. candeo) hot ; glowing with heat. Can'did, a. (L. candidus) fair ; open ; frank ; ingenuous ; sincere. Can'did-ly, ad. fairly ; openly ; frankly. Can'did-ness, n. frankness ; ingenuousness. Can'dour, n. openness ; frankness ; fairness. Can'di-date,H. one who competes for an office. Can'dle, n. (L. candela) a light made of wax or tallow. Can'dle-hold-er, n. one who holds a candle. Can'dle-llght, n. the light of a candle. Can'dle-mas, n. the feast of the purification of the Blessed Virgin, formerly celebrated with lights. Can'dle-stlck, n. an instrument for holding a candle. Can'dle-stuff, n. stuff for making candles. Can'dle-wast-er, n. one that wastes candles. Can'dy,v. (h.candeo 1) to conservewith sugar ; to grow congealed. — n. a conserve. Cane, n. (L. carina) a reed ; the sugar- plant ; a walking-stick. — v. to beat. Ca'ny, a. full of canes ; consisting of canes. Ca-nme', a. (L. canis) having the pro- perties of a dog ; pertaining to a dog. Can'i-cule, Ca-nlc'u-la, n. the dog-star. Ca-nlc'u-lar, a. belonging to the dog-star. Can'is-ter, n. (L. canistrum) a small box for tea ; a small basket. Cank'er, n. (L. cancer) 2b worm ; a disease in trees ; a corroding ulcer ; any thing that corrupts or consumes. — v. to corrupt ; to decay ; to infect. Cank'ered, a. crabbed ; morose. Cank'ered-ly, ad. crossly ; adversely. Cank'er-ous, a. corroding like a canker. Cank'er-blt, a. bitten by an envenomed tooth. Cank'er-worm, n. a worm that destroys plants and fruit. Can'ni-bal, n. (L. canis ?) a man-eater. Can'ni-bal-is.m, n. the eating of human flesh. Can'ni-bal-ly, ad. in the manner of a cannibal. Can'non, n. (L. canna) a great gun for battery. Can-non-ade', v. to batter with cannon. — n. an attack with cannon. Can-non-ier', n. one who manages cannon. — v. to fire upon with cannon. Can'non-ball, n. a ball for a cannon. Can'non-pr&of, a. proof against cannon. Can'non-shdt, n. balls for cannon ; the dis- tance a cannon will throw a ball. Can'not, (can, not) a word denoting inability. Ca-noe', n. an Indian boat. Can'on, n. (L.) a rule ; a law ; the books of Holy Scripture; a dignitary in cathedrals. Can'on-ess, n.a woman possessed of a prebend. Ca-nOn'i-cal, a. according to canon ; regular Ca-non'i-cal-ly, ad. agreeably to canon. Ca-n6n / i-cal-ness, n. the being canonical. Ca-non'i-cal§, n. pi. the full dress of a cler- gyman. Ca-non'i-cate, n. the office of a canon. Can'on-ist, n. one versed in canon law. Can-on-Is'tic, a. belonging to a canonist. Can'on-Ize, v. to declare a man a saint. Can-on-i-za'tion ,n.the act of declaring a sain t. Can'on-ry, Can'on-ship, n. a benefice in a cathedral or collegiate church. Can'o-py, n. (Gr. konops) a covering over the head. — v. to cover with a canopy. Ca-no'rous, a. (L. cano) musical. Cant, n. (L. cantum) a whining, hypo- critical manner of speech ; corrupt dialect ; auction. — v. to speak with a whining, af- fected tone ; to sell or bid at an auction. Cant'er, n. a hypocrite. Cant'ing-ly, ad. in a canting manner. Can'ti-cle, n. a song ; Song of Solomon. Can'to, n. a book or section of a poem. Can-zo-nef, n. a little song. Can-teen', n. (Fr. cantine) a tin vessel used by soldiers to carry liquors. Can'ter, n. (Canterbury) an easy gal- lop. — v. to gallop easily or gently. Can-thar'i-des, n. pi. (L.) Spanish flies, used to raise blisters. Cant'let, n. (L. quantulum X) a piece ; a fragment. Can'ton, n. (Fr.) a division of a coun- try. — v. to divide into little parts. Can'ton-Ize, v. to divide into small districts. Can'ton-ment, n. a division or district occu- pied by soldiers when quartered. Can'vass, n. (L. cannabis) a coarse hempen cloth ; examination ; solicitation. —v. to sift ; to examine ; to solicit votes. Can'vass-er, n. one who canvasses. Cap, n. (S. cceppe) a covering for the head. — v. to cover the head. Cap'per, n. one who makes or sells caps. Cap-a-pie', a. (Fr.) from head to foot. Cap'case, n. a covered case; a chest. Cap'pa-per, n. a sort of coarse pap^r. Ca'pa-ble, a. (L. capio) able to hold or contain ; equal to ; qualified for. Ca-pa-bll'i-ty, n. the quality of being capable. Ca'pa-ble-ness, n. the state of being capable. Ca-pac'i-fy, v. to make capable. Ca-pa'9ious, a. wide ; large ; extensive. Ca-pa'cious-ness, n. the power of holding. Ca-pa^'i-tate, v. to make capable. Ca-pac'i-ty, n. room ; space ; power ; abili- ty ; state ; character. Ca-par'i-son, n. (Fr. caparacon) a co- vering for a horse. — v. to dress pompously. Cape, n. (L. caput) a headland ; the neck-piece of a coat or cloak. Ca'per, n. (L. caper) a leap ; a jump. — v. to dance ; to leap ; to skip. Ca'per-er, n. one who capers. Ca'pri-ole, n. (Fr.) a leap without advanc- ing ; a dance. Fate, fat, far, fall; me, m£t, there, her; pine, pin, field, fir; note, ndt, n5r, mdve, s6n; CAP 65 CAR Ca'per, n. the bud of the caper-bush, used as a pickle. Cap'il-la-ry, a. (L. capilhis) like a hair; small ; minute. — n. a small tube. Ca-pll'la-ment, n. a line thread or fibre. Cap'i-tal, a. (L. caput) relating to the head; affecting the life; chief; principal. — n. the upper part of a pillar ; the chief city; the principal sum ; stock; a large letter. Cap'i-tal-ist, ft. one who has capital or stock. Cap'i-tal-ly, ad. in a capital manner. Cap-i-ta'tion, n. numeration by heads ; taxa- tion on each individual. Cap'i-tol, ft. the temple of Jupiter at Rome ; a temple ; a public edifice. Ca-plt'u-lar, w. a statute or member of an ecclesiastical chapter. Ca-plt'u-lar-ly, ad. in the form of an eccle- siastical chapter. Ca-plt'u-la-ry, a. relating to the chapter of a cathedral. Ca-plt'u-late, v. to surrender on conditions. Ca-plt-u-la'tion, w. the act of capitulating. Ca'pon, 72. (L. capo) a castrated cock. Ca-pouch', n. (Fr. capuce) a monk's hood ; the hood of a cloak. Ca-price', n. (Fr.) whim ; fancy. Ca-prl'cious, a. whimsical; fanciful. Ca-prt'pious-ly, ad. whimsically. Ca-prl'yious-ness, n. whimsicalness. Cap'ri-corn, n. (L. caper, cornu) one of the signs of the zodiac. Cap-ri-fi-ca'tion, n. (L. caper, ficus) a method of ripening figs. Cap-size', v. to upset ; to overturn. Cap'stan, n. (Fr. cabestan) a machine to draw up a great weight. Cap'sule, n. (L. capsu/a) the seed ves- sel of a plant. Cap'su-lar,Cap'su-1a-ry, a. hollow like a chest. Cap'su-late, Cap'su-la-ted, a. inclosed. Cap'tain, n. (Fr. capitaine) the com- mander of a ship, a troop of horse, or a company of foot ; a chief. Cap'tain-cy, ft. the office of a captain. Cap'tain-ry, n. chieftainship. Cap'tain-ship, n. the rank or post of a cap- tain ; skill in warfare. Caption, n. (L. captum) the act of taking by a judicial process. Cap-ta'tion, n. the act of catching favour. Cap'tious, a. catching at faults ; apt to cavil. Cap'tious-ly, ad. in a captious manner. Cap'tious-ness, n. inclination to find fault. Cap'ti-vate, v. to take prisoner ; to charm. Cap-ti-va'tion, n. the act of captivating. Cap'tive, ft. one taken in war ; one charmed. — a. made prisoner. Cap-tlv'i-ty, n. subjection; bondage; slavery. Cap'tor,n. one who takes a prisoner or a prize. Cap'ture, n. the act of taking; a prize.— v. to take as a prize. Cap-u-chin',cap-u-shin',n.(Fr.cffjD?/C£) a cloak with a hood ; an order of friars ; a kind of pigeon. Car, n. (L. carrus) a small carriage of burden ; a chariot of war or triumph. Cabman, n. a driver of a car. Car'a-bine, Car'blne, n. (Fr. carabine) a short gun. Car-a-bin-eeV, n. a sort of light horseman. Car'ack, n. (Sp. caraca) a large ship. Car'at, Car'act, n. (Gr. Iteration) a weight of four grains ; a weight that ex- presses the fineness of gold. Car-a-van',?2.(Ar.)abody of travellers. Car-a-van'sa-ry, n. a house for travellers. CaVa-vel, Car r vel, n. (Sp. caravela) a sort of ship. Car'bon, n. (L. carbo) pure charcoal. Car-bo-na'ceous, a. containing carbon. Car-bon'ic, a. pertaining to carbon. Car-bo-na'do, n. meat cut across to be broi!» ed on the coals.— v. to cut for broiling un the coals. Cai^bun-cle, ft. a red gem ; a pimple. Car'bun-cled, a. set with carbuncles. Car'ca-net, n. (Fr. carcan) a chain or collar of jewels. Car'cass, n. (Fr. carcasse) a dead body. Car'ce-ral, a. (L. career) belonging to prisons. Card, n. (L. charta) a painted paper used for games ; a paper containing ax pddress ; a note. Card'er, ft. one who plays at cards. Card'ing, n. the act of playing at cards. Card'miik-er, n. a maker of cards. Card'ta-ble, n. a table for playing cards. Card'match, n. a piece of card dipped in melted sulphur. Card, v. (L. caro) to comb wool ; to mingle ; to disentangle.— n. an instrument for combing wool. Card'er, n. one who cards wool. Car'di-ac, Car-diVcal, a. (Gr. kard'ni) pertaining to the heart. Car'di-al-gy, ft. the heart-burn. Car'di-nal, a. (L. cardo) principal ; chief. — n. a dignitary in the Romish church, next in rank to the pope : a woman's cloak. CarMi-nal-ate, Car'di-nal-ship, n. the office of a cardinal. Care, n. (S. car) anxiety ; caution ; charge.— v. to be anxious; "to have a re- gard to ; to be inclined. Care'ful, a. anxious ; provident; watchful. Care'ful-ly, ad. needfully ; providently. Care'ful-ness, n. needfulness; anxiety". Care'less, a. having no care ; heedless. Care'less-ly, ad. without care ; negligently. Care'less-ness, ft. heedlessness ; negligence. Care'crazed, a. broken with care. Care'iuned, a. mournful. Ca-reen', v. (L. carina) to lay a vessel on one side, in order tu repair the other. Ca-reer', n. (Fr. carriere) a course; a race; speed. — a. to move rapidly. tube, tub, full ; cry, crypt, myrrh ; tflll, bCy > our, n6w, new ; cede, gem, raise, exist, thin. D2 CAR 66 CAS Car en-tane, n. (Fr. quarantaine) a papal indulgence, multiplying the remis- sion of penance by forties. Ca-ress', v. (L. cams) to fondle ; to embrace with affection. — n. an act of en- dearment. Ca'ret, n. (L.) a mark (a) which shows where something interlined should be read. Car'go, n. (L. carrus ?) the lading of a ship. Car-i-ca-ture', n. (It. caricatura) a lu- dicrous painting or description. — v. to ridi- cule ; to represent ludicrously. Car-i-ca-tu'rist, n. one who caricatures. Ca'ri-es, n. (L.) rottenness of a bone. Ca'ri-ous, a. rotten. Ca-ri-6s'i-ty, n. rottenness. Car-mm'a-tive, a. (L. carmen) expel- ling wind. — n. a medicine that expels wind. Cark, v. (S. care) to be anxious. Cark'ing, n. anxiety; care. Carle, n. (S. ceorl), a strong rude man. Car'mine,n. (Fr. carmin) a bright red or crimson colour. Car'nal, a. XL. caro) fleshly; lustful. Car'nal-ist, n. one given to carnality. Car-nal'i-ty, n. fleshly lust ; sensuality. Car'nal-Ize, v. to debase to carnality. Car'nal-ly, ad. according to the flesh. Car'nage, n. slaughter ; havock. Car-na ? tion, n. a flesh colour ; a flower. £ar'ne-ous, Car'nous, a. fleshy. Oar'ni-fy, v. to breed or form flesh. Car-nlv'o-rous, a. flesh-eating. Car-nds'i-ty, n. fleshy excrescence. Car'nal-mind-ed, a. worldly-minded. Car'nal-mlnd-ed-ness, n. grossness of mind. Car-neTian, n. a precious stone. Car'ni-val, n. a popish feast before Lent. Ca-roghe', n. (It. carrozza) a sort of carriage. Car'ol, n. (It. carola) a song of joy and exultation. — v. to sing ; to warble.' Car'ol-ing, n. a song of devotion ; a hymn. Ca-rot'id, a. (Gr. karos) a term applied to the two arteries which convey the blood from the aorta to the brain. Ca-rouse', v. (Fr. carrousse) to drink largely ; to revel.— n. a drinking match. Ca-rou'§al, n. a festival ; a revelling. Ca-rou'jer, n. a drinker ; a toper. Carp, n. (Fr. carpe) a pond fish. Carp, v. (L.car/>o)tofind fault ; to cavil. Carp'er, n. a caviller ; a censorious man. Carp'ing, a. captious ; censorious. — n. cavil ; censure ; abuse. Carp'ing-ly, ad. captiously ; censoriously. Carpen-ter,n. (Jj.carpentum) a work- er in wood ; a builder of houses or ships. Car'pen-try, n. the trade of a carpenter. Car'pet, n. (Cairo, It. tapeto ?) a cov- ering for the floor.— v. to spread with carpets. Car n-on, n. (L. caro) dead putrefying flesh. — a. relating to carcasses ; feeding on carrion. Car-ron-ade;n.(C«rron)a short cannon. Car'rot^XFr. carotte) an esculent root. Car'rot-y, a. like a carrot in colour. Car'ry, v. (L. carrus) to bear ; to con- vey ; to transport ; to effect ; to behave. Carriage, car'rij, n. the act of carrying ; a vehicle; behaviour; manners. Car'ri-er, n. one that carries. Cart,n. a carriage with two wheels for luggage. —v. to carry or place in a cart. Cart'age, n. act of carting, or charge for it. Cart'er, n. one who drives a cart. Carfer-ly, a. like a carter ; rude. Cart'ful, n. as much as fills a cart. Carfhorse, n. a horse that draws a cart. Carfload, n. as much as loads a cart. Carfrope, n. a strong cord. Cart'rut, n. the track of a wheel. Cart' way, n. a way for a carriage. Cart'wrlght, n. a maker of carts. Car'tel, n. (L. charta) an agreement for the exchange of prisoners ; a ship com- missioned to exchange prisoners. Car-toon', n. a drawing on large paper. Car-touch', n. a case for powder and ball. Car'tridge, n. a paper case containing the charge of a gun. Car'tu-la-ry, n. a register ; a record. Car-te'sian, a. relating to the philoso- phy of Des Cartes.— n. a follower of Des Cartes. Car'ti-lage, n. (L. cartilago) gristle. Car-ti-lag'i-nous, a. consisting of gristle. Car'un-cle, n. (L. caro) a small pro- tuberance of flesh. Ca-run'cu-la-ted, a. having a protuberance. Carve, v. (S. ceorfan) to cut into ele- gant forms ; to cut meat at table ; to hew. Carv'er, n. one who carves ; a sculptor. Carv'ing, n. the act of carving ; sculpture. Cas-cade', n. (L. casum) a waterfall. Case, n. (Fr. caisse) > a covering ; a box; a sheath. — v. to put in a case ; to cover. Cas'ing, n. the covering of any thing. Case'har-den, v. to harden on the outside. Case'knlfe, n. a long kitchen knife. Case'shOt, n. bullets inclosed in a case. Case'worm,n. a worm that makes itself a case. Case, n. (L. casum) condition ; state ; contingence ; question ; a cause or suit in court ; an inflection of nouns. Cas/u-al, a. accidental ; not certain. Cas/u-al-ly, ad. accidentally ; without design. Cas/u-al-ty, n. accident ; chance. Case'mate, n. (It. casamatta) a kind of vault or covered arch-work. Case'ment, n. (It. casamento) a win- dow that opens on hinges. Ca'se-ous, a. (L. caseus) resembling cheese; cheesy. Ca'sern, n. (Fr. caserne) a lodging for Fate, fat, far. fall ; me, met, there, her; pine, pin, field, fir; note, n6t, nor, move, son; CAS 67 CAT soldiers between the houses of a town and the ramparts. Cash, n. (Fr. caisse) money ; ready money.— v. to turn into money ; to pay money for. Ca-shier' , n. one who has the charge of money. Cashteep-er, n. one intrusted with money. Ca-shier/, v. (Fr. caisse) to dismiss from a post ; to discard. Cask, n. (Fr. caque) a barrel. Cask'et, n. a small box for jewels. Cask, Casque, n. (Fr.) a helmet. Cas'si-a, n. (L.) a sweet spice ; a trQQ. Cas'sock,n. (Fr. casaque) a loose coat; a vestment worn by clergymen. Cas'so-wa-ry, n. a large bird. Cast, v. (Dan. kaster) to throw ; to fling; to scatter ; to condemn ; to compute ; to contrive ; to found ; to warp : p. L and p. p. cast. Cast, n. a throw ; a mould ; a shade ; air or mien ; a small statue. Cast'er, n. one who casts ; a small box or phial for the table ; a kind of small wheel. Cast'ing, n. the act of throwing or founding. Cast'ling, n. an abortion. Cast'a-way, n. an abandoned person ; a re- probate. — a. rejected ; useless. Cast'ing-nfit, n. a net to be thrown. Cast'ing- vote, n. the vote which casts the ba- lance when opinions are equally divided. Cast,Caste,n.(Sp. casta) a race; a tribe. Cas'ta-net, n. (Sp. castaneta) a small shell of ivory or wood, which dancers use to keep time Avith when they dance. Cas'ti-gate, v. (L. casti(jo) to chastise. Cas-ti-ga'tion, n. chastisement; correction. Cas'ti-ga-tor, n. one who corrects. Cas'ti-ga-to-ry, a. tending to correct. Cas'tle, cas'sl, n. (S. castel) a fortified house ; a fortress. Cas'tel-lan, n. the governor of a castle. Cas'tel-la-ny, n. the lordship of a castle. Cas'tel-la-ted, a. adorned with battlements. Cas'tled, cas'sled, a. having castles. Cas'tle-ry, Cas'tel-ry, n. the government of a castle. Cast'let, ;t. a small castle. Cas'tle-bulld-er, n. one who forms visionary schemes. Cas'tle-bulld-ing. n. the act of building cas- tles in the air. Cas'tor, n. (L.) a beaver. Cas-tra-me-ta / tion,?i.(L.cfls/rtf, metor) the art or practice of encamping. Cas'trate, v. (L. castro) to geld. Cas-tra'tion, n. the act of gelding. Cas'trel, n. a kind of hawk. Cas'u-al. See under Case. Cas'u-ist, n. (L. casus) one who studies and settles cases of conscience. Cas-u-Is'ti-cal, a. relating to cases of con- science. Cas'u-is-try, n. the science of a casuist. Cat, n. (S.) a domestic animal. Cat-o'-nlne'tails, n. a whip with nine lashes. Cat's'paw, n. the dupe of an artful person. Cat'a-moun-tain, n. a wild cat. Cat'cal, Cat'plpe, n. a squeaking instrument. Cat'er-waul, v. to make a noise like cats. Cat'gut, n. a string for musical instruments ; a kind of linen or canvass. Cat'kin, n. a sort of flower. Cat-a-bap'tist, n. (Gr. kata, bapto) one opposed to baptism. Cat-a-chre'sis, n. (Gr. kata, chresis) the abuse of a trope. Cat-a-chreVti-cal, a. forced ; far-fetched. Cat-a-chres'ti-cal-ly, ad. in a forced manner. Cat / a-cly\sm, n. (Gr. kata, kluzo) a deluge ; an inundation. Cat'a-comb, n. (Gr. kata, kumbos) a cave for the burial of the dead. Cat'a-diipe, n. (Gr. kata, doupos) a waterfall ; one who lives near a waterfall. Cat'a-lep-sy, n. (Gr. kata, lepsis) a kind of apoplexy. Cat'a-logue, n. (Gr. kata, logos) a list. — v. to make a list of. Ca-tal'y-sis, n. (Gr. kata, hisis) disso- lution. Cat'a-phract, n. (Gr. kata, phraktos) a horseman in complete armour. Cat'a-plasm, n. (Gr. kata, plus so) a poultice ;' a soft plaster. Cat'a-pult, n. (Gr. kata, pelte) a mili- tary engine for throwing stones. Cat'a-ract, n. (Gr. kata, raktos) a wa- terfall ; a disorder in the eye. Ca-tarrh', ca-tar', n. (Gr. kata, rheo) a disease in the head and throat. Ca-tarrlv'al, Ca-tarrh'ous, a. relating to a catarrh. Ca-tas'tro-phe, n. (Gr. kata, strophe) a final event ; a calamity. Catch, i\ {Gr.kala,echo I) to lay hold on ; to'seize : p. t. and p. p. caught or catched. Catch, n. seizure ; an advantage ; a snatch ; any thing that catches ; a kind of song. Catch'a-ble, a. liable to be caught. Catch'er, n. one who catches. Catch'pen-ny, n. a worthless publication. Catch'pOll, h. a sergeant; a bumbailiff. Cat^h'word, n. a word under the last line of a page repeated at the top of the next. Catch'up, Cat'sup, n. a liquor made from boiled mushrooms. Cat'e-chise, v. (Gr. kata, echeo) to in- struct by questions and answers ; to ques- tion ; to interrogate. Cat'e-chi^-er, n. one who catechises. Cat'e-chis-ing, ^.interrogation; examination. Cat'e-chism, n. a book of questions and an- swers. * Cat'e-chist, n. one who instructs by questions. Cat-e-chls'ti-cal, a. instructing by questions. Cat-e-chls'ti-cal-ly, ad. by question and an- swer. tube, tub, full; cry, crypt, myrrh; toil, boy, 6nr, now, new; cede, gem, raise, exist, thin. CAT 68 CKL Cat-e-chet'ic, Cat-e-cheTi-cal, a. consisting of question and answer. Cat-e-chet'i-cal-ly, ad. by question and an- swer. Cat-e-chQ'men, ft. one who is yet in the ru- diments of Christianity ; a pupil little ad- vanced. Cat'e-go-ry, n. (Gr. kata, agora) a series of ideas ; a class ; a predicament. Cat-e-g6r'i-cal, a. absolute ; positive. Cat-e-gdrl-cal-ly, ad. directly ; expressly. Cat-e-na'ri-an, a. (L. catena) relating to a chain. Cat-e-na'tion, w. regular connexion. Ca'ter, v. (Fr. acheter ?) to provide food. Ca'ter-er, n. a provider ; a purveyor. Ca'ter-ess, n. a woman who provides food. Cates, n. pi. food ; viands ; dainties. Cat'er-pH-lar, n. an insect ; a grub. Cath'a-rist, n. (Gr. katharos) one who pretends to great purity. Ca-thar'tic, Ca-thar'ti-cal, a. purgative. Ca-thar'tic, n. a purging medicine. Ca-tne'dral, n. (Gr. kata, hedra) the head church of a diocese. — a. pertaining to the see of a bishop. Cath'e-dra-ted, a. relating to the chair or office of a teacher. Cath'o-lic, a. (Gr. kata, holos) univer- sal ; general ; liberal. — n. a papist. Ca-thOl'i-cal, a. universal ; general. Ca-thOl'i-fism, n. adherence to the catholic church ; universality ; liberality. Cath'o-lic-ly, ad. generally. Cath'o-lic-ness, n. universality. Ca-thol'i-con, n. a universal medicine. Cat-op'trics, n. (Gr. kata, optomai) that part of optics which treats uf vision by reflection. Cat-Sp'tri-cal, a. relating to catoptrics. Cat'tle, n. (L. capitalia \) beasts of pas- ture. CaVdal,a.(L.ca?/<&Orelatingtothetail. Caudate, a. having a tail. Cau'dle, n. (L. calidus) a warm drink mixed with wine, &c. — v. to mix caudle. Caul, n. (L. caula) a membrane covering the intestines ; a kind of net. Cauli-flow-er, n. (S. cawl and Jiower) a species of cabbage, Cau'po-nise, v. (L. caupo) to sell wine or victuals. Cause, n. (L. causa) that which pro- duces an effect ; a reason ; a motive ; a suit ; a side ; a party.— v. to effect as an agent. Caus/a-ble, a. that may be caused. Caus/al, a. relating to a cause. Cau-sal'i-ty, n. the agency of a cause. Caus/al-ly ,ad.according to the order of causes. Cau-sa'tion, n. the act of causing. Cau'sa-tive, a. that expresses a cause. Cau'sa-tive-ly, ad. in a causative manner. Cau-§a'tor, n. one who causes. Causeless, a. having no cause. Cau^e'less-ly, ad. without cause. Causelcss-ness, n. state of being causeless. Caus'er, n. one who causes. Cau'sey, Cause'way, n. (Fr. chaussee) a way raised and paved. Cau'ter-y, n. (Gr. kaio) a burning by a hot iron; a searing. Cau'ter-Ize, v. to burn ; to sear. Cau'ter-ism, n. the application of cautery. Cau-ter-i-za'tion, n. the act of cauterizing. Caus'tic, Caus'ti-cal, a. burning ; corroding. Caus'tic, ft. a corroding application. Cau'tion, n. (L. cautum) prudence ; care ; security ; warning. — v. to warn. Cau'tion-a-ry, a. given as a pledge ; warning. Cau'tious, a. wary ; watchful. Cau'tious-ly, ad. warily ; prudently. Cau'tious-ness, n. carefulness ; watchfulness. Cau'tel-ous, a. cautious ; cunning. Cau'tel-ous-ly, ad. cautiously ; cunningly. CaVal-ry, n. (L. caballus) horse troops. Cav-al-cade', n. a procession on horseback. Cav-a-lieV, n. a horseman ; a knight ; a gay military man. — a. gay ; brave ; haughty. Cav-a-lierly, ad. haughtily ; disdainfully. Cave, n. (L. cavus) a hole underground ; a cell ; a den. — v. to dwell in a cave ; to make hollow. Cav'ern, n. a hollow place in the ground. Cav'erned, a. full of caverns ; hollow ; living in a cavern. Cav'er-nous, a. full of caverns. Cav'i-ty, ft. hollowness ; a hollow place. Ca've-at, n. (L.) intimation of caution. Ca-viare', ca-ver', n. the roe of the stur- geon, and other large fish, salted. Cav'il, v. (L. cavillor) to raise captious objections. — n. afalse or frivolous objection. Cav-il-la'tion, ft. the practice of objecting. Cav'il-ler, ft. a captious disputant. Cav'il-ling, n. frivolous disputation. Cav'il-lous, a. full of vexatious objections. Cav'il-lous-ly, ad. in a cavillous manner. Caw, v. to cry as a rook. Ca-zique', n. an American chief. Qease, v. (L. cessum) to leave off; to stop ; to fail ; to be at an end. Q ease'less, a. without stop ; continual, (^ease'less-ly, ad. perpetually ; continually. Ces-sa'tion, ft. a stop ; a rest ; a pause. Qec'i-ty, n. (L. caucus) blindness, (^e-cu'tien-cy, ft. dimness of sight. Ce'dar, n. (L. cedrus) a large tree. (Je'darn, Ce'drine, a. belonging to the cedar. Ce'dry, a. of the colour of cedar. Cede, v. (L. cedo) to yield; to give up. (Jes'sion, n. act of yielding; retreat. ^eYsi-ble, a. yielding ; easy to give way. £6s-si-bll'i-ty, n. quality of giving way. Qeil, v. (L. caelum) to overlay the inner roof of a building or room. QeiY'mg, ft. the inner roof. CeTa-ture, n. (L. cash) the art of en- * graving ; the thing engraved. Fate, fat, far, fall ; me, met, there, her ; pine, pin, field, fir ; note, not, nor, move, son j CEL 69 CER 9el e-brate, v. (L. celebro) to praise ; to extol ; to honour ; to make famous ; to distinguish by solemn rites. (^Cl-e-bra'tion, n. the act of celebrating; praise; renown. (^eTe-bra-tor, n. one who celebrates. (^e-leVri-ty, n. fame ; renown ; distinction. Ce-ler'i-ty, n. (L. celer) swiftness. CeTer-y, n. a species of parsley. Qe-lest'ial, a . (L. caelum) heavenly. Ce'li-ac, a. (Gr. koilia) pertaining to the lower belly. QeTi-ba-cy, n. (L. ccelebs) single life ; unmarried state. (?eTi-bate, n. single life. Cell, n. (L. cello) a small, close apart- " ment ; a cavity ; a cave. C^eTlar, n. a place under ground for stores, (^liar-age, n. cellars ; space for cellars, (^eriar-ef, n. one who has charge of a cellar. (^eTlu-lar, a. consisting of little cells. £eTsi-tude, n% (L. celsus) height. £em'ent,n. (L.ccementum) a substance which makes bodies unite ; mortar, ^"e-iuenf, v. to unite ; to cohere, (^eni-en-ta'tion, n. the act of cementing. (Je-ment'er, n. one that cements. fem'e-ter-y, n. (Gr. koimeteriori) a place where the dead are buried. Qem-i-te'ri-al, a. relating to a cemetery. Qe-na'tion, n. (L. ccena) the act of supping ; a meeting for supper. <^en'a-to-ry, a. relating to supper. Cen'o-by, n. (Gr. koinos, bios) a place ' where persons live in community, (^en'o-blte, n. one who lives in community. ^Sn-o-blt'i-cal, a. living in community. Cen'o-taph, n. (Gr. kerios, taphos) a monument for one buried elsewhere. Cense, v. (L. candeo) to perfume. (Jen'ser, n. a vessel for burning perfumes. Cen'sor, n. (L.) an officer at Rome, whose business it was to register persons and property, and to correct manners ; one who finds fault ; a scrutinizes Ten-sCri-al, a. full of censure; severe. (^en-so'ri-an, a. relating to a censor. Qen-so'ri-ous, a. addicted to censure ; severe. Qen-sO'ri-ous-ly, ad. in a censorious manner. ^en-s6'ri-ous-ness, n. disposition to find fault. (^en'sor-ship, n. the office of a censor. (^en'sure, n. blame ; judgment ; judicial sen- tence. — v. to blame ; to condemn. Cen'su-ra-ble,a.deserving censure ; blamable. Cen'su-ra-ble-ness, n. fitness to be censured. Qen'su-rer, n. one who censures. (^en'su-ring, n. blame ; reproach. -s. (^en-tes'i-mal, a. the hundredth. (JJen-tll'o-quy, n. a hundred-fold discourse, (^en'ti-pede, n. a poisonous insect, (^en'tu-ple, a. a hundred fold. — v. to multiply a hundred fold, (^en-tu'pli-cate, v. to make a hundred fold, (^en-tu'ri-a-tor, (^en'tu-rist, n. a historian who distinguishes time by centuries. £en-tu'rion, n. a Roman military officer, who commanded a hundred men. (^eVtu-ry, n. a period of a hundred years. (pen'taur, n. (Gr. kenteo, tauros) a fabulous being, half man half horse. Cen'to, n. (L.) a composition formed of passages from various authors. Cen'tre, n. (Gr. kentron) the middle y point. — v. to place on a centre ; to collect in a point. £en'tral, a. relating to the centre. Cen-trall-ty, n. the state of being central, (^n'tral-ly, ad. with regard to the centre, (^en'tric, (^en'tri-cal, a. placed in the centre. C^Cn'tri-cal-ly, ad. in a centrical situation, (^en-trlf u-gal, a. flying from the centre, (^en-trlp'e-tal, a. tending to the centre. Ce-phal'ic, a. (Gr. kephale) pertaining 1 to the head. Ce-ras'tCs, n. (Gr.) a serpent having * horns. £ere, Vm (L. cera) to cover with wax.— n. the naked skin on a hawk's bill. (^e'rate, n. an ointment of wax, oil, &c. (j'ere'ment, Cere'cloth, n. cloth dipped in wax or glutinous matter. (^G're-ous, a. waxen ; like wax. (^e-rQ'men, n. the wax of the ear. (per-e-iili-ous, a. (L. ceres) pertaining to corn. Cer'e-brum, n. (L.) the brain. QeVe-bral, a. pertaining to the brain. £eVe-bel, n. part of the brain. £eVe-mo-ny, n. (L. cceremonia) out- ward form in religion, state, or civility. Qer-e-mo'ni-al, a. relating to ceremony. — n. outward form or rite. Qgr-e-nio'ni-al-ly, ad. according to ceremony. (^gr-e-nio'ni-ous, a. full of ceremony ; formal. (^er-e-mo'ni-ous-ly, ad. formally. Cer'rus, n. (L.) the bitter oak. Qer'ri-al, a. relating to the cerrus. Certain, a. (L. certus) sure; resolved; " undoubting ; unfailing ; regular ; some. QeVtain-ly, *d. without doubt ; without fail (^eVtain-ty, n. exemption from doubt or fail- ure ; that which is real ; truth ; fact. Cjer'tes, ad. certainly ; in truth, ^er'ti-fy, v. to give certain information of. ^er-tif'i-cate, n. a testimony in writing. tube, tub, full ; cry, crypt, myrrh ; t6Il, b6y, Our, nOw, new ; cede, gem, raise, exist, thin. CER 70 CHA <2er-ti-fi-ca'tion, n. the act of certifying. ^Jer'ti-tude, n. freedom from doubt. Qe-ru'le-an, Qe-rule-ous, a. (L. cceru- leus) blue ; sky-coloured, (^er-u-llf ic, a. producing a blue colour. Ce'ruse, n. (L. cerussa) white lead, (^e'rused, a. washed with white lead. Cer'vi-cal, a. (L. cervix) belonging to the neck. Ce-sa're-an, a. (L. Ccesar) the Cesarean operation is the act of cutting the child out of the womb. Ces-pi-ti'tious, a. (L. cespes) made of turf. Qess, n. (assess ?) a rate. — v- to rate. (^gss'or, n. a taxer ; an assessor. Ces-sa'tion. See under Cease. Qes'sion. See under Cede. £es'tus, n. (L.) the girdle of Venus. Ce'sure. See Csesura. £e-ta'ceous,a.(L.cefe)ofthe whale kind. Chafe, v. (Fr. chauffer) to warm by * rubbing ; to fret ; to make angry.— n. a fret ; a rage. ^haf'ing-dlsh, n. a portable grate for coals. Chafer, n. (S. ceafor) a sort of beetle. Chaff, n. (S. ceaf) the husks of grain, (^haffless, a. without chaff, (jtoaffy, a. full of chaff; like chaff, ^•haf'finfft, n. a bird said to like chaff. Chaffer, v. (S. ceaman ?) to treat about ' a bargain ; to haggle ; to buy ; to exchange, (^haf'fer-y, n. traffic ; buying and selling. Cha-grin', sha-grin', n. (Fr. -chagrin) ill humour ; vexation. — v. to vex ; to tease. Chain, n. (L. catena) a series of con- * nected links or rings ; a bond ; a fetter. — v. to fasten or bind with a chain ; to en- slave ; to unite. (^hain'pump, n. a pump used in large ships. ()hain'shot, n. bullets fastened by a chain, (^hain'work, n. work with links like a chain. Chair, n. (Fr. chair e) a moveable seat ; * a seat of justice or authority ; a sedan, (^hair'man, n. the president of an assembly ; one who carries a sedan. Chaise, shaz, n. (Fr.) a light carriage. Chal'ce-do-ny, n. (Chalcedori) a pre- cious stone. Chal-cog'ra-phy, n. (Gr. chalkos, gra- pho) the art of engraving on brass. Chal'dee, a. relating to Chaldea, ChaTdron, cha'dron, n. (Fr. chaudron) * a coal measure of thirty-six bushels. Chal'ige, n. (L. calioc) a cup ; a bowl, (^hal'iced, a. having a cup or cell. Chalk, chak, n. (S. cealc) a white cal- careous earth. — v. to rub or mark with chalk. Qhalk'y, a. consisting of chalk ; like chalk. Ckalk'cut-ter, n. a man who digs chalk. (^halk'plt, n. a pit in which chalk is dug. (Jhalk'stone, n. a small piece of chalk. Challenge, v. (L.calumnior?) to call to a contest; to accuse; to object; to claim. — n. a summons to a contest ; a demand. ^hal'lenge-a-ble, a. that may be challengea. Qhal'len-ger, n. one who challenges. Cha-lyb'e-an, a. (Gr. chalups) relating to iron or steel well wrought or tempered. Cha-lyb'e-ate, a. impregnated with iron. Cham, n. (P.) the sovereign of Tartary. Cha-made', sha-mad', n. (Fr. 1 ) the beat of the drum for a parley or a surrender. Cham'ber, n. (L. camera) an apart- 1 ment ; a room ; a cavity ; a court. — v. to shut up as in a chamber ; to be wanton. Qham'ber-er, n. a man of intrigue. (^ham'ber-ing, n. intrigue ; wantonness. (^ham'ber-lain, n. an overseer of the cham- bers ; an officer of state. Qham'ber-lain-ship, n. the office of cham- berlain. Qhani'ber-c6tin-cil,n.privateor secret council. Qham'ber-coun-sel, n. a counsellor who gives his opinion in private. Qham'ber-fel-low, n. one who sleeps in the same apartment. (^ham'ber-maid, n. a servant who has the care of bedrooms. Qham'ber-prac-tice, n. the business of coun* sellors who give their advice privately. Cha-me'le-on, n. (Gr. chamai, leon) an animal of the lizard kind. Cham'fer, v. (Fr. echancrer) to chan- * nel ; to flute as a column ; to wrinkle. Qham'fer, (^ham'fret, n. a furrow ; a channeL Cha'mois, sha'moi, n. (Fr.) a kind of goat, whose skin is made into soft leather, called shammy, Cham'o-mlle. See Camomile. Champ, v. (Gr. kapto ?) to bite with 1 much action ; to bite frequently ; to chew ; to devour, (^hamp'er., n. a biter ; a nibbler. Cham-pagne', sham-pan', n. a kind of wine from Champagne in France. Cham'paign, cham'pan, n. (L. campus) a flat open country.— a. open ; fiat. £ham'per-ty,ra.(L. campus,pars) main- tenance of a man in his suit, on condition of having part of the thing, if recovered. Qham'per-tor, n. one guilty of champerty. Cham-pi °p'on, sham-pm'yon, n. (Fr.) a kind of mushroom. Qham'pi-on, n. (L. campus) one who fights in single combat ; a warrior ; a hero. — v. to challenge. (^ham'pi-on-ess, n. a female warrior. Change, n> (L. cado) casual event; ac- > cident ; fortune. — a. happening by chance. — v. to happen. Fate, fat, far, fall; me, met. there, her; pine, pin, field, fir; note, n6t, nor, m6ve, s6nj CHA 71 CHA Qhanjea-ble, a. accidental ; fortuitous, (^hance-med'ley, n. the killing of a person by chance. Qhan'cel, n. (L. cancelli) the eastern part of a church, where the altar stands. Channel -lor, n. (L. cancelli) a judge or * other officer who presides over a court. Chan^el-lor-ship, n. the office of chancellor, (^han'cer-y, n. the high court of equity. Chan'cre, shank'er, n. (Fr.) a vene- real ulcer, (^hanc'rous, a. ulcerous. Chandler, n. (L. candeo) one who makes and sells candles ; a dealer. Chan-de-lier / , shan-de-ker', n. a branch for candles. (^hand'ler-ly, a. like a chandler. (Jhand'ler-y, n. the articles sold by a chandler. (^hand'ry, n. a place where candle3 are kept. £han|e, v. (Fr. changer) to put one thing in place of another; to alter; to make different. — n. alteration ; novelty ; small money. (^han^e'a-ble, a. subject to change ; fickle. (Jhan°re'a-ble-ness, n. inconstancy; fickleness. (Jhax^e'ful, a. full of change ; inconstant. yhange'less, a. without change ; constant. (^'hange'ling, n. a child left or taken in place of another ; an idiot; one apt to change. (^han'^er,n.one who alters; a money-changer. £han'nel, n. (L. canalis) the hollow bed of running waters ; a long cavity ; a strait ; a furrow. — v. to cut in channels. £hant, v. (L. cano) to sing ; to sing * the church-service. — A. a song ; a part of the church-service. (J'hant er, n. one who chants ; a singer. (Jhant'ress, n. a female singer, (^hant'ry, n.a chapel for priests to sing mass in. (jhant'i-cleer, n. a cock; a loud crower. Cha'os, n. (Gr.) a confused mass ; con- fusion. Cha-dt'ic, a. resembling chaos ; confused. £hap, 9hop, v. (S. ge-yppanl) to cleave ; to split ; to crack.— n. a cleft ; a chink ; a gap. Qhap, chop, n. (S. ceajl ?) the upper or under parts of a beast's mouth, (^hap'less, a. without tiesh about the mouth, ^hap'f alien, a. having the mouth shrunk. Chape, n. (Fr.) a catch; a hook ; a tip. Chape'less, a. wanting a chape. Qhap'el, n. (L. capella) a place of wor- ship.— v. to deposit in a chapel ; to enshrine. (^hap'el-ry, n. the jurisdiction of a chapel. (^hap'lain, n. one who perforins divine ser- vice in the army or navy, or in a family. Qhap'lain-yy, Qhap'lain-ship, n. the office or business of a chaplain. (j'hap'let, n. a small chapel or shrine. Chap'e-ron,shap'e-rong,?i. (Fr.) a kind of hood or cap. — v. to attend on a lady in public Chapi-ter, n. (L. caput) the upper ' part or capital of a pillar. Qhap'trel, n. a capital which supports a pillar, ^hap'let, n. a garland or wreath for the head ; a string of beads ; a moulding, (^hap'ter, n. a division of a book ; an assembly of the clergy of a cathedral ; a decretal epistle. — v. to tax ; to correct. Chap'man, n. (S. ceap, man) a dealer. Char, n. a kind of fish. Char, v. (S. cerran 1) to burn to a cinder, (^har'cdal, n. coal made by burning wood, ^hark, v. to burn to a black cinder. Char, n. (S. cer) work done by the day. * — v. to work at another's house by the day. (^har'wdm-an, n. a woman who does cliar- work. Char'ac-ter, n. (Gr.) a mark ; a letter ; a personage ; personal qualities ; reputa- tion. — v. to inscribe ; to describe. Char'ac-ter-ism, n. distinction of character. Char-ac-ter-Is'tic, n. that which marks the character. Char-ao-ter-Ts'tic, Char-ac-ter-ls'ti-cal, a. constituting or marking the character. Char-ac-ter-Is'ti-cal-ly, ad. in a manner that distinguishes the character. Char-ac-ter-Ts'ti-cal-ness, n. the quality of being peculiar to character. Char'ac-ter-ize, v. to give a character ; to engrave or imprint ; to mark with a stamp or token. Char'ac-ter-less, a. without a character. Cha-rade', sha-rad', n. a kind of riddle. Charge, v. (Fr. charger) to intrust; to impute as a debt; to accuse; to command; to enjoin; to load; to make an onset. — n. care ; precept ; mandate ; trust ; accu- sation; imputation; expense ; cost ; onset. ^har£e'a-ble,a. imputable ; expensive ; costly. (^'harge'a-ble-ness, n. expense ; cost. (Jhar^e'a-bly, ad. expensively ; at great cost. (^harp'less, a. cheap ; unexpensive. (^har^er, n. a large dish ; a war horse. Qha'ri-ly. See under Chary. Char'i-ot, n. (L. carrus) a carriage of pleasure or state ; a car formerly used in war. (^har-i-ot-eer 7 , n. one who drives a chariot, (^har'i-ot-race, n. a race with chariots. Char'i-ty, n. (L. cams) kindness ; love ; ' good will ; liberality to the poor ; alms, ^har'i-ta-ble, a. kind ; benevolent ; liberal. (j!har / i-ta-ble-ness, n. disposition to charity, (^har'i-ta-bly, ad. kindly ; benevolently. Char'i-ta-tive, a. disposed to tenderness. Charla-tan, sharla-tan, n. (Fr.) a quack ; a mountebank ; an empiric Char-la-tan'i-cal, a. quackish ; ignorant. (Jhar'la-tan-ry, n. wheedling ; deceit. Qharles's-wiim', n. (S. carles, team) the northern constellation called theGreatBear. Charm, n. (L. carmen) a spell ; some- * thing to gain the affections. — v. to be- witch ; to delight ; to subdue. tube, tab, fail ; cry, cr^pt, myrrh ; toll, bdy, our, nSw, new ; cede, £em, rai§e, exist, thin. CHA 72 CHE ^harmed, p.a.enchanted ; fortified by charms. (^harm'er, n. one who charms ; an enchanter. (^harm'ful, a. abounding with charms. (^harm'ing, p. a. pleasing in the highest degree. (^harm'ing-ly ,ad. in a highly pleasing manner. Qhar'nel, a. (L. card) containing flesh. <^har / nel-h6use, n. a place for the bones of the dead. Qhart, kart, n. (L. charta) a delinea- tion of coasts ; a map. Qhar'ter, n. a writing bestowing privileges. — v. to establish by charter ; to let or hire a ship by contract. CJhar'tered, p. a. granted by charter ; hired or let. Char'tu-la-ry. See Cartulary. CJiar'ter-land, n. land held by charter. (Jhar'ter-par-ty, n. a contract respecting the hire and freight of a ship. Cha'ry, a. (S. cearig) careful ; cautious, Cha'ri-ly, ad. warily ; frugally. ^ha'ri-ness, n. caution ; nicety. Chase, v. (Fr. chasser) to hunt; to pur- * sue ; to drive away. — n. hunting ; pursuit ; ground where beasts are hunted ; bore of a gun. (^hase'a-ble, a. fit for the chase, (^has'er, n. one who chases ; a pursuer, ^ihase'gun, n. a gun in the fore part or stern of a ship. Chasm, n. (Gr. chasma) a cleft; a gap. Chasmed, a. having gaps or openings. (phaste, a. (L. castus) pure ; uncorrupt. (^hastely, ad. in a chaste manner ; purely, (^haste'ness, n. purity ; chastity, i^has'ti-ty, n. purity ; freedom from obscenity. Chas'ten, chas'n, v. (I/, castigo) to correct ; to punish ; to mortify. Clias'ten-er, n. one who corrects. ^Jhas-tlse', v. to correct by punishment, (^has'tise-ment, n. correction ; punishment, (^has-tls/er, n. one who chastises. £hat, v. (Fr. caqueter) to prate ; to talk idly ; to converse at ease. — ft. idle or familiar talk. CJhat'ty, a. full of prate ; conversing freely, (^hat'ter, v. to make a noise like birds, or with the teeth ; to talk idly or carelessly. — n. noise of birds ; idle prate, ^hat'ter-er, n. an idle talker ; a prattler. (Jhat'ter-ing, n. idle or unprofitable talk. <^hat'ter-b6x, n. an incessant talker. Chat'eau, shat'o, n. (Fr.) a castle. Qhat'el-la-ny, n. the district of a castle. Chat'tel, n. (L. capitalia ?) any move- ' able property. ChaVen-der, n. the chub, a fish. Chaw, v. (S. ceoican) to masticate ; ' to chew. — n. the chap, pheap, a . (S. ceap) bearing a low price ; of small value ; easy to be had. (^hgap'en,v.to attempt to buy; to lessen value, (^heap'ly, ad. at a small price, (^heap'ness, n. lowness of price. Cheat, v. (S. ceat) to defraud ; to iia- * pose upon. — n. a fraud ; a trick ; a deceiver. Cheat'a-ble-ness, n. liability to be cheated. Qheat'er, n. one who practises fraud. Check, v. (Fr. echec) to repress ; to curb ; to reprove ; to stop. — n. stop ; re- straint ; curb ; reproof ; a term in chess. Ch6ck, C^igque, n. an order for money. Qheck'er, n. one who checks. (^hgck'less, a. uncontrollable ; violent. (^hgck'mate, n. a movement on a chess-board. — v. to finish. Qheck, n. (Fr. tehee) cloth woven in squares of different colours. ^heck'er, Cliequ'er, v. to variegate ; to di- versify. — n. a board for chess or draughts. QhSck'er-work, n. variegated work. Qheek, n. (S. ceac) the side of the fact below the eye. CJieeked, a. brought near the cheek. (Jheek'bone, n. the bone of the cheek. (^heek't66th, n. the hinder tooth or tusk. Qheer, v. (Gr. chairo 1) to encourage ; to comfort ; to gladden ; to applaud. — n. shout of applause; gaiety; entertainment QheeVer, n. one who cheers. (^hger'ful, a. lively ; gay; moderately joyful (JheeVful-ly, ad. in a cheerful manner. (^heeVful-ness,n.animation ; gaiety ; alacrit} (JheeVless, a. without gaiety or gladness. Cheerly, a. gay ; brisk. — ad. briskly. (^heeVy, a. gay ; sprightly ; making gay. (^hger'i-ly, ad. in good spirits. 9hee.se, n. (S. cyse) a kind of food mado by pressing the curd of milk. Qhee'sy, a. having the nature of cheese. Che"ese'cake, n. cake made of curds, sugar, &c. (^heese'mon-ger, n. one who deals in cheese, (^heese'par-ing, n. the rind or paring of cheese. <^heese'pr6ss, n. a machine for pressing curds, (^heese'vat, n. a wooden case for curds. Chelv, n. (Gr. chele) the claw of a shell-fish. Che-mise', she-mise', n. (Fr.) a shift. Chem'is-try, kim'is-try, n. ( Ar. kimia) the science which shows the nature and properties of bodies. Chem'ic, Chem'i-cal, a. pertaining to chem- istry ; made by chemistry. Chem'i-cal-ly, ad. by a chemical process. Chem'ist, n. one versed in chemistry. Che-mls'ti-cal, a. relating to chemistry. Chequ'er, check'er. See under Check. Qhe-quin'. See Zechin. Qher'ish, v. (L. car us) to treat with tenderness ; to nurse ; to support ; to shelter. ClieVish-er, n. one who cherishes. QheVish-ing, n. support ; encouragement. Cher'ry, n. (L. cerasus) a small stone " fruit.— a. pertaining to a cherry ; like a cherry; ruddy. C^heVry-pIt, n. a child's play. Fate, fat far, fill; me, mSt, there, her; pine, pin, field, fir; note, n5t, nor, m6ve, son; CHE 73 CHI Cher'so-nese, n. (Gr. chersos, nesos) a peninsula. (phert, n. (Ger. quarz) a kind of flint, (^hert'y, a. like chert ; flinty. Qher'ub, n. (H.) a celestial spirit ; an angel : pi. chSr'ubs or cher'u-bim. Cfie-ruTric, like a bird. — n. the voice of birds. Qhirp'ing, n. the gentle noise of birds. Chi-riir'ge-on, n. (Gr. cheir, ergon) one who cures ailments by external applica- tions ; a surgeon. Chi-riir'ge-ry, n. the art of curing by exter- nal applications ; surgery. Chi-rur'gic, Chi-rurgi-cal, a. relating to the art of' healing by external applications ; surgical. Qhis'el, n. (L. scissum) an instrument for paring wood or stone. — v. to cut with a chisel. Chit, n. (S. cith) a sprout ; a shoot; a * child.— v. to sprout ; to shoot. Qhit'chat, n. {chat) idle talk ; prattle. Qhit'ter-lings, n. pi. (Ger. kuttel) the bowels of an eatable animal f hiv'al-ry, n. (Fr. cheval) knighthood; valour ; the body or order of knights. £hIv'al-rous, a. relating to chivalry; knight- ly ; gallant ; warlike ; adventurous. Chives, n. pi. the filaments in flowers. Chlo-ro'sis, n. (Gr. chloros) green sickness. Chlo-r6t'ic, a. affected by chlorosis. £hoc'o-late, n. (Fr. chocolat) a prepa- ration of the cocoa-nut. Choice. See under Choose. Choir, kwir, n. (L. chorus) a band of singers ; the part of a church where the singers are placed. Cho'rus, n. a number of singers ; verses of a song in which the company join the singer. Cho'ral, a. belonging to or composing a choir. Cho'ral-ly, ad. in the manner of a chorus. Cho'rist, Chftr'is-ter, n. a singer in a choir. Cho-ra'gus, n. the superintendent of the an- cient chorus. Qhoke, v. (S. aceocan) to suffocate.; to stop up ; to obstruct ; to suppress, (^hoke'full, a. as full as possible. Chol'er,?i.(Gr.c/io/e)bile; anger; rage. ChOl'er-a, n. a disease from bile. Chol'er-ic, a. full of choler ; irascible. ChOl'er-ic-ness, n. anger ; irascibility. Choose, v. (S. ceosan) to take by prc- * ference ; to pick out ; to select : p. t. £ho§e ; p. p. ch6s/en. <2h6eYer, n. one who chooses, (^hoos/ing, n. election ; choice. C^iftT^e, n. the act or power of choosing ; the thing chosen. — a. select; precious; careful, (^ha^eless, a. without power to choose. <^h6Ice'ly, ad. with great care ; curiously. (^h61fe'ness, n. nicety; particular value. (JhOIce'drawn, a. selected with great care. Chop, v. (D. happen) to cut with a quick blow ; to cut into small pieces. — n. a piece chopped off ; a small piece of meat. (^hopliSuse, n. a house of entertainment. Qhop, v. (S. ceap) to barter ; to ex- change ; to bargain ; to bandy. QhOp'ping, n. act of bartering ; altercation. Chop, n. {chap) a crack ; a cleft, (^hop'py, a. full of cracks or clefts. Chop'ping, a. stout; lusty; plump. Chops, n. pi. {chaps) the jaws. QhOp'fallen, a. dejected ; dispirited. Chord, n. (Gr. chorde) the string of a musical instrument; harmony in one or more notes ; a right line drawn from on8 extremity of an arc to another. — v. to string. Cho-re-pis'co-pal, a. (Gr. choros, epi, skopeo) relating to the power of a local or suffragan bishop. Cho-rog'ra-phy, n. (Gr. choros,grapho) the art or practice of describing or forming maps of particular regions or countries. Cho-rog'ra-pher, n. one who describes parti- cular regions or countries. Cho-ro-graph'i-cal,a. descriptive of countries ChO-ro-graph'i-cal-ly, ad. in a manner de- scriptive of regions or countries. Qhose, Qhos'en, p. t. and p. p. of choose. Chough, chuf, n. (S. ceo) a sea : bird. Qhoule. See Jowl. Qhouse, v. (Turk, chiaous?) to cheat ; to trick. — n. one who is easily cheated ; a trick. Chrism, n. (Gr. chrio) consecrated oil. Chrls/mal, a. relating to chrism. Chrl^'ma-to-ry, n. a vessel for chrism. Chrlf'om, n. a child that dies within a month after its birth ; a cloth anointed with holy oil, which children formerly wore till they were baptized. Chris'ten, kris'sn, v. (Gr. christos) to baptize ; to baptize and name. Chrls'ten-ing, n. the act of baptizing and naming. Chrls'ten-dom, n. the countries inhabited by Christians ; the whole body of Christians. Christian, n. a believer in the religion of Christ. — a. believing or professing the reli- gion of Christ. Christian -ism, n. the Christian religion. Chrls-ti-an'i-ty, n. the religion of Christians. Chrlst'ian-Ize, v. to convert to Christianity. Chrlst'ian-llke, a. befitting a Christian. Chrlst'ian-ly, a. becoming a Christian.— ad. like a Christian. Chrlst'ian-name, n. name given at baptism. Chrlst'mas, n. the festival of Christ s na- tivity, 25th December. Chrlst'mas-b&x, n. a Christmas present. Fate, fat, far, fall ; me, m6t, th§re, her ; pine, pin, field, fir ; note, nSt, nor, move, s6n ; CHR 75 CIN Chro-mat'ic, a. (Gr. chroma) relating to colour ; relating to music. Chronic, Chron'i-cal, a. (Gr. chronos) relating to time ; continuing a long time. Chron'i-cle, n. (Gr. chronos) a register of events in the order of time ; a history. — v. to record in a chronicle ; to register. Chron'i-cler, w. a writer of a chronicle. 0\\YOTLO-%r&m,n.(Gr. chronos, gramma) an inscription in which the date is ex- pressed by numeral letters. ChrOn-o-gram-mat'i-cal, a. belonging to or containing a chronogram. Chr5n-o-gram'nia-tist, ft. a writer of chron- ograms. Chro-nog'ra-phy, n. (Gr. chronos, gra- pho) the description of past time. Chro-nog'ra-pher, ft, one who writes of past time. Chro-n6To-gy, n. (Gr. chronos, logos) the science of computing dates or periods of time. Chro-n6l'o-ger, Chro-nol'o-gist, ft. one who studies or'explains chronology. Chrdn-o-lftg'icChron-o-ldg'i-cal.a.relatingto chronology ; according to the order of time. Chron-o-log'i-cal-ly, ad. in the order of time. Chro-nom'e-ter, n. (Gr. chronos, me- tron) an instrument for measuring time. Chrys'a-lis, n. (Gr. chrusos) aurelia, or the form of certain insects before they become winged. Chrys'o-lite, n. (Gr. chrusos, lithos) a precious stone. Chrys'o-prase, Chry-sop'ra-sus, n. (Gr. chrusos, prason) a precious stone. Chub, n. a river fish. ^hub'by, a. like a chub ; short and thick. (^hub'faged, a. having a plump round face. Qhuck, v. to make the noise of a hen ; to call as a hen. — ft. the noise of a hen. (^huc'kle, v. to call as a hew; to fondle ; to laugh convulsively ; to laugh inwardly in triumph. Chuck, v. (Fr. choquer) to strike ' gently ; to throw with quick motion.— n. a gentle blow, (^huck'far-thing, ft. a game. Chuff, n. (S.cyf*) a coarse blunt clown. Chuf'fy, a. blunt; surly; fat. C^huf 'li-ly, ad. in a rough surly manner. fhum, n. (Fr. chomer) a chamber- fellow. Qhump,??. a thick heavy piece of wood. Church, n. (Gr. kurios, oikos) a place ' of Christian worship ; the collective body of Christians ; a particular body of Chris- tians ; the body of the clergy ; ecclesiastical authority. — v. to return thanks in church. Chtirch'ing, ft. thanksgiving in church. (^hurgh'dom, ft. the authority of the church. (^hurfhllke, a. becoming the church, (^hurch'man, n. an ecclesiastic ; an adherent of the church ; an episcopalian. Qhurch'ship, n. institution of the church. (^hurch'ale, w. a wake or feast to commemo- rate the dedication of a church. (^hurgh'land, ft. land vested in an ecclesias- tical body. (^hurgh-mu'sic, ft. music suited to church service. (^hurch-pre-feVment, ft. a benefice in the church. (jhurch'war-den, ft. an officer appointed as guardian of the concerns of the church, and representative of the parish. £hurgh'yard,n. the burial ground of a church. Churl, n. (S. ccorl) a rustic ; a surly ' man ; a miser ; a niggard, (^hurrish. a. rude ; harsh ; avaricious, (^hurl'ish-ly, ad. rudely ; brutally, (^hurl'ish-ness, n. rudeness ; niggardliness. (phurn, n. (S. ciern) a vessel used in making butter. — v. to make butter ; ta shake or agitate. ^hurn'ing, ft. the act of making butter. Qhurn'staff, «. the staff used in churning. Chyle, n. (Gr. chulos) a milky juice formed in the stomach by digestion. Chy-la'ceous, a. consisting of chyle. Chyl-i-fac'tion, n. the act of making chyle. Chyl-i-fac'tive. Ch>i-o-po-6t'ic, a. having the power of making chyle. Chylous, a. consisting of chyle. Chyme, n. (Gr. chumos) food after it has undergone the action of the stomach. Chym'is-try. See Chemistry. Cic'a-trice, n. (L. cicatrix) a scar. (^Ic'a-trlze. v. to heal a wound by inducing a skin ; to skin over. <^Tc-a-tri-za'tion,n.the act of healing a wound Ci-ce-ro'ne, chi-che-ro'ne, n. (It.) a guide, who explains curiosities. CTc-e-rO'ni-an, a. resembling Cicero. (^Ic-e-ro'ni-an-ipi, n. imitation of Cicero. Cic'u-rate, v. (L. cicur) to tame. (^Ic-u-ra'tion, n. the act of taming. Qi'der, n. (Fr . cidre) the juice of apples expressed and fermented. ^I'der-ist, ft. a maker of cider. Ql'der-kin, n. an inferior kind of cider. £i-gar', n. (Sp. cigarro) a small roll of tobacco for smoking. fiTia-ry, a. (L. cilium) belonging to the eyelids. Ci-li'cious,{z. (L. ciliciwn) made of hair. Cim'e-ter. See Scimitar. Qim-me'ri-an, a. (L. Cimmerii) ex- tremely dark. Cmc'ture, n. (L. cinctum) a band ; a * belt ; a girdle ; an inclosure. Qm'der, n. (S. sinder) matter remain- ing after combustion ; a hot coal that haa ceased to flame. tube, tub, full ; cry, crypt, myrrh ; toll, boy, 6ur, nSw, new; cede, gem, raise, exist, thin. C1N 76 CIR (^Tn'der-wenfft, Qln'der-wdm-an, n. a woman who rakes ashes for cinders. Ci-ne're-ous, a. (L. cinis) like ashes ; having the colour of ashes. (^In-e-rl'tious, a. having the form of ashes. £m'na-bar, n. (Gr. kinnabari) an ore of quicksilver. Qui'na-mon, n. (Gr. kinnamomon) the spicy bark of a tree, (pmque, n. (Fr.) the number five. (^Tnque'pace, n. a dance. Cl'on. See Scion. Qi'pher, n. (Fr. chiffre) an arithmetical figure (0) ; an inter texture of letters, as the initials of a name ; a secret manner of writing. — v. to practise arithmetic ; to write in occult characters ; to designate. Circ, Qirque, Cir'cus, n. (L. circus) an area for sports, with seats around for the spectators. (^ir^en'si-an, a. relating to the circus. Cir'cle, n. (L. circus) a line continued 4 till it ends where it began, having all its parts equidistant from a common centre ; the space included in a circular line ; a round body ; an orb ; compass ; a sur- rounding company. — v. to move round any thing ; to inclose ; to surround. (^ir'cled, a. having the form of a circle. (^ir'clet, n. a little circle ; an orb. ^'ir'eling, p. a. round ; surrounding ; inclosing. <^ir'cu-lar, a. round, like a circle ; moving round ; addressed to a number of persons having a common interest. — n. a letter or notice addressed to a number. (^ir-cu-lar'i-ty, n. a circular form. (^Ir'cu-lar-ly, ad. in form of a circle. Cir'cu-la-ry, a. ending in itself. (^cu-late, v. to move round ; to spread. (^ir-cu-la'tion, n. a moving round ; currency. f^ir-cu-la-to'ri-ous, a. travelling in a circle. ^ir'cu-la-to-ry, a. moving round ; circular. Cir'cuit, n. (L. circum, itum) the act J of moving round ; the space inclosed in a circle ; extent , a ring ; visitation of judges ; the tract of country visited by judges. — v. to move round. (^ir-cuit-6er / , n. one who travels a circuit. (Tir-cu-I'tion, n. a. going round ; compass. Oir-cu'i-tous, a. round about; not direct. (^ir-cu'i-tous-ly, ad. in a circuitous manner. (^lr-cum-am'bi-ent, a. (L. circum, am, eo) surrounding ; encompassing. Qir-cum-am'bi-en-fy, n.act of encompassing. Qir-cum-am'bii-late, v. (L. circum,, ambulo) to walk round about. Qir'cum-cise, v. (L. circum, cmsum) to cut off the prepuce or foreskin of males. (^Ir'cum-cl^-er, n. one who circumcises, (^ir-cum-cl'sion, n. the act or rite of cutting off the foreskin. £Tr-cum-diict', v. (L. circum, ductum) to contravene ; to nullify. (^ir-cum-duc'tion, n. a leading about ; an an- nulling. £ir-cum fer-ence, n. (L. circum, fero) measure round about ; the line that bounds a circle. (^r-cum-fe-ren'tial, a. relating to the cir- cumference ; that surrounds ; circular. Qir'cum-flex, n. (L. circum, flexum) a mark used to regulate the pronunciation of syllables. Qir-cum'flu-ent, Cir-cum'flu-ous, a. (L. circum, fluo) flowing round. Qir-cum-fo-ra'ne-an, Cir-cum-fo-ra'- ne-ous, a. (L. circum, "fares) travelling about ; wandering from house to house. Qir-cum-fuse 7 , v. (L. circum, fusum) to pour round ; to spread every way. (^lr-eum-fu'sile, a. that may be poured round. (Jlir-cum-fu'smn, n. the act of pouring round. Qir-cum-ges-ta'tion, n. (L. circum, gestum) the act of carrying about. Qir-cum-^yre', Qir-cum'^y-rate, v. (L. circum, gyrus) to roll or turn round. Qir-cum-gy-ra/tion, n. a rolling or turning round. Qir-cum-ja'cent, a. (L. circum, jaceo) lying round ; bordering on every side. Qir-cum-lo-cu'tion, n. (L. circum, locutum) a circuit of words ; the use of indirect expressions. (^ir-cuni-ltic'u-to-ry, a. using many words.