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Sd Session / SENATE | j^^_ 744 FOURTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN STATES MESSAGE FROM THE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES TRANSMITTING A LETTER FROM THE SECRETARY OF STATE INCLOSING A REPORT, WITH ACCOMPANYING PAPERS, RELATIVE TO THE FOURTH INTER- NATIONAL CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN STATES HELD AT BUENOS AIRES FROM JULY 12 TO AUGUST 30, 1910. Ill January i6, 1911. — Read, referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations and ordered to be printed WASHINGTON GOVEKNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 1911 61sT Congress "I qtpmat't? /Document Sd Session | SENATE | ^^ 744 'Q: FOURTH JNTERNATIONAL . CONFERENCE . 4t^ 'of AMERICAN STATES ''''^""■^•^^ ^''^'' '^'^ MESSAGE FROM THE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES TRANSMITTING A LETTER FROM THE SECRETARY OF STATE INCLOSING A REPORT, WITH ACCOMPANYING PAPERS, RELATIVE TO THE FOURTH INTER- NATIONAL CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN STATES HELD AT BUENOS AIRES FROM JULY 12 TO AUGUST 30, 1910. January 16, 1911. — Read, referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations and ordered to be printed WASHINGTON GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 1911 f\\",^. Ul 5 //■ O ^ vv LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL. To the Senate and the House of Representatives: I transmit herewith a letter from the Secretary of State, inclosing a report, with accompanying papers, of the delegates of the United States to the Fourth International Conference of American States held at the city of Buenos Aires from July 12 to August 30, 1910. Wm. H. Taft. The White House, January 16, 1911. LETTER OF SUBMITTAL. The President: Referring to the provision in the urgency deficiency act, approved February 25, 1910, for representation by the United States in the Fourth International Coruerence of American States, the under- signed, the Secretary of State, has the honor to lay before the Presi- dent, with a view to its transmission to the Congress, the report, with accompanying papers, of the delegates of the United States to the conference, which was in session at the city of Buenos Aires, Argen- tine Republic, from July 12 to August 30, 1910. Respectfully submitted. P. C. Knox. Department of State, Washington, January 12, 1911. 3 REPORT OF THE DELEGATES OF THE UNITED STATES I TO THE FOURTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN STATES Held at Buenos Aires, July 12 to August 30, 1910. Sm : We have the honor to transmit to you the following report of the proceedings of the Fourth International Conference of American States, which has just concluded its labors and at which we have been present as delegates of the United States, including certain docu- ments hereinafter enumerated. Leaving New York on board the U. S. Army transport Sumner on Thursday, June 16, we reached Buenos Aires on Friday, July 8, 1910. We were met on landing by the minister of the United States, Hon. Charles H. SherrUl, and his staff, by Mr. Bartleman, the consul gen- eral, by several of the ministers from other American Republics accredited to the United States, and by Argentine officials. July 9, the day fixed by the governing board of the Bureau of the American Republics for the opening of the conference, being the national festival of the Argentine Republic, we found on reaching Buenos Aires that the inaugural session had been postponed untS Tuesday, the 12th, on which day it took place in the presence of the minister of foreign affairs. Dr. de la Plaza, who took the chair, and of others of the Argentine cabinet, of the ministers of foreign powers accredited to this Republic, all of whom had seats on the floor, and of a goodly number of spectators in the galleries. The minister of foreign affairs delivered an interesting speech, cordially welcoming to Buenos Aires the delegates of the various countries represented at the conference, alluding to the work of this and of previous conferences and referring in eulogistic terms to the Monroe doctrine, in which he said the people of the Argentine Repub- lic had always been firm believers. The chairman of the delegation of the, United States, at the general request of the other delegates, replied to the speech of the minister, after which Dr. Bermejo, chief justice of the supreme court and president of the Argentine delega- tion, was selected permanent president, and Senor Epifanio Portela, minister of that country to the United States, secretary general of the conference; Hon. P. C. Knox and Dr. de la Plaza, respectively Secretary of State of the United States and Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Argentine Republic, being elected honorary presidents. Dr. Bermejo, upon taking the chair, made a speech, the copy of which, together with those of the two previously referred to, is attached to this report. (Appendix C.) All the Republics of America, except Bolivia, ^vere represented, and'the flag of each in succession was displayed for a day over the 6 FOURTH IN"TERN"ATIO]SrAX. CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN STATES. buildinjy in which the conference met. Notwithstanding the absence of a delegation from Bohvia, the flag of that country was flown in its turn. A list of the names of the delegates and of the officials of the con- ference is annexed. (Appendix F.) The sessions of the conference were held in the new palace of jus- tice, a large and imposing building, recently erected for the law courts, on one of the principal squares of the city. In addition to the large central hall in which the formal sessions took place a num- ber of smaller rooms were conveniently arranged for the meetings of committees, and the president was good enough to announce at the first session that all telegrams and cablegrams sent by the dele- gates woi-ild be forwarded to their destination free of charge by the Argentine Government. Luncheon ^^nd other refreshments were also provided for the delegates and their friends throughout the duration of the conference, and every arrangement was made for theu" convenience and comfort. The first session for the transaction of business was held on the 14th of July and was chiefly devoted to the rearrangement of the subjects to be assigned to the committees, as provided in article 6 of the program (Appendix A), particularly in respect to sections 3 and 4 thereof, a general feeling having manifested itself in favor of increasing the number of the committees as conducive to the more rapid dispatch of business. After some discussion the president appointed a committee to consider the subject, and upon its recom- mendation a resolution providing for 14 committees, instead of 7, was adopted. (Appendix N.) The following is a list of the committees upon which this delega- tion was represented, with the name of its member upon each, from which you will observe that committee No. 1 (rules and credentials) is the only one of the 14 whereon there was no delegate from the United States. A complete list of the'" membership of all the com- mittees will be found in Appendix G. Second committee. — Subjects of the program: II. Commemoration of the independ - ence of the American Republics; V. Mr. Carnegie's generosity; XIII. Appreciation of the Pan American Scientific Congress at Santiago; XIV. Celebration of the open- ing of the Panama Canal. Mr. White (seven members). Third committee. — Subject III of the program: Reports of delegations as to the action of their respective Governments upon the resolutions and conventions of the Third Conference. Mr. White (20 members). Fourth committee .—^uh]ect IV of the program: Report of the Director of the Inter- national Bureau of the American Republics. Mr. Reinsch (20 members). Fifth coinmittee. — Subject VI of the program: Pan American Railway. Mr. Moore (20 members) . Sixth committee.— ^Vi\)\Qct VII of the program: Establishment of more rapid steam- ship service between the American Republics. Mr. Nixon (seven members). Seventh committee. — Subject VIII of the program: Uniformity in consular docu- ments and the technical requirements of customs regulations, and also in census and commercial statistics. Col. Crowder (20 members). Eighth committee. — Subject IX of the program: Recommendations of the Pan American sanitary congresses in regard to sanitary police, quarantine, etc. Mr. Kinley (20 members). Ninth committee. — Subject X of the program, in part: Patents and trade-marks. Mr. Quintero (seven members). Tenth committee. — Subject X of the program, in part: Copyright; and XII, Inter- change of professors and students among the universities and academies of the American Republics. Mr. Moses (seven members). FOUETH INTERNATIONAL. CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN STATES. 7 Eleventh committee. — Subject XI of the program: Continuance of treaties on pecu- niary claims. Mr. Moore (seven members). Twelfth committee. — Subject XV of the program: Future conferences. Mr. Quin- tero (20 members). Thirteenth committee. — Article 6, section 6, of the regulations: Publications. Mr. Reinsch (five members). Fourteenth committee. — Article 6, section 7, of the regulations: General welfare. Mr. Moses (five members). It maj^ be well to add that in several instances members of our delegation were unanimously elected as chairmen of the committees to which they were respectively assigned, but we had decided beforehand not to accept any chairmanship save that of the sixth committee, to which Mr. Nixon was elected, and for his acceptance, of which there appeared to be special reasons. There were 14 plenary sessions of the conference, one of which was called to express sympathy with Chile on the death of President Montt, while three were devoted to the commemoration of the inde- pendence days of Colombia, Peru, and Ecuador, which fell on days on which the conference sat, but in addition to the sessions of the con- ference, there were many and frequent meetings of the committees, in which the discussion of the subjects on the program was for the most part conducted. Not a single unfriendly, much less ill-tempered, word fell from anyone at any session of the conference, and the dis- cussions in committee were on the whole conducted with an unusual degree of good humor and with a marked desire not to allow personal predilections, however strong, in favor of any particular point, to mterfere with a unanimous decision. As a result you will observe that no minority report was made in any committee and that the single report of each is signed by all the delegates of which its mem- bership was composed. All of the subjects upon the program which required careful con- sideration were very fully gone into and satisfactorily dealt with by the committees having them in charge, and it would be unfair to our colleagues from the other 19 Republics represented on those committees not to call your attention to the fact that they, one and all, showed not only invariable courtesy to the member from the United States but favorable consideration for his views whenever possible. Four conventions and 20 resolutions were adopted by the confer- ence after discussion of each, but for the most part practically as reported from the committees. The following consideration of the work accomplished by the con- ference is submitted in the order in which the subjects appear upon the program: COMMEMORATION OF THE ARGENTINE NATIONAL CENTENARY AND OF THE INDEPENDENCE OF THE AMERICAN REPUBLICS. An appropriate resolution was rej)orted by the second committee and passed by the conference. It is set forth in the minutes and embodies proposals made by the representatives ( 1) of Chile, for the erection of a building in the city of Buenos Aires for the purpose of a permanent exhibition of products of the soil and of the industry of all the nations of America; and (2) of Cuba, for the publication of an artistic volume in which the declarations of independence of all the 8 FOURTH INTERNATIONA!. CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN STATES. American Republics shall appear, together with certain^salient his- torical incidents connected therewith. The representative of the United States was careful to explain to the committee his Govern- ment's special interest;in these centenary celebrations of the sister Republics, quoting extracts relative thereto from thejPresident's last annual message to Congress and from your instructions to the dele- gation. The resolution as adopted will be found in Appendix O. ACTION OF THE VARIOUS GOVERNMENTS WITH RESPECT TO THE RES- OLUTIONS AND CONVENTIONS OF THE THIRD CONFERENCE. The third committee, wliich had this subject in charge, gave it full and careful consideration. All of the delegations, except that of Haiti, which was not repre- sented at the Third Conference, presented memoranda (translations of which are appended to this report, Appendix H) relative to the action of their Respective Governments upon the conventions and resolutions of that conference. A tabulated statement showing at a glance the action of each Government upon the four conventions of the Third Conference is also transmitted herewith. (Appendix I.) • In the resolution reported by the committee and adopted by the conference (1) cooperation between the Pan American committees and their respective Governments in the preparation for future con- ferences; (2) the establishment of such Pan American committees in countries where they do not yet exist; (3) the carrying out of the agreements reached by the Third Conference in respect to natural resources, monetary systems, commerce, customs, and statistical schedules; and (4) the adoption of a system of deposit of ratifications with a view to their prompt exchange and to the speedy proclamation of conventions, as well as the adhesion of nations not origmally parties thereto, are provided for. The Chilean delegation having proposed a resolution suggesting that, in the codification of international law, as provided by the fourth convention of the Third Conference, a distinction be made between questions of general and questions of purely American interest, the committee recommended that the same should be submitted to the consideration of the jurists having charge of the codification in question. A form of resolution submitted by the delegates of Costa Rica, Guatemala, and Mexico, and having for its object a recommendation that the congress on coffee, suggested in the thirteenth resolution of the Third Conference, assemble as soon as possible, in view of the crisis now existing m the production and sale of coffee, was considered by the third committee, as was also a memorandum by the Brazfiian delegate setting forth the steps which had been taken in reference to the crisis by his Government. The committee thereupon caused a paragraph to be added to its report to the conference stating that in its view, the resolution of the Rio conference relative to a coffee con- gress being still in force, it rests with the Government of Brazil, as therein provided, to fix the date at wliich such a congress should be convened. A resolution to this effect was adopted by the conference. {Appendix P.) A translation of the report of this committee %nll be found on pages 97 and 251. (Appendices I and DD.) FOUETH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN STATES, 9 THE PAN AMERICAN UNION. The committee on the Bureau of American Republics considered the advisabihty of converting into a formal convention the resolution passed and continued by successive conferences under which that mstitution has hitherto been maintained. On the part of many dele- gates the belief was expressed that the ratification of such a conven- tion would require an indefinite time on account of the constitutional provisions in numerous Republics which require the consent of their Congresses, It was felt that the activities of the bureau might be em- barrassed were a convention adopted immediately on account of the delays which might occur in its ratification. It was therefore decided to maintain for the immediate future the resolution under which the bureau exists, making therein such changes as might seem necessary, and also to submit to the Governments the draft of a convention care- fully considered by the committee, which might be concluded as soon as the Governments should find it convenient. (Appendices Q and R . ) The conference maintained the presidency of the Secretary of State of the United States of America in the governing board of the Pan American Union. Indication has been made by the delegates of some countries that it would be more in accordance with the equal dignity of all the members in the union if the chairmanship of the board were made elective, but it was pointed out that, by the common practice of international unions a position of similar dignity is usually accorded the minister of foreign affairs of the country in which the union has its seat; and also that the presidency of the Secretary of State would powerfully assist the union and help to increase its dignity and efficiency. The importance of these con- siderations was universally admitted, and the dignity of the presi- dential office was again conferred upon the Secretary of State of the United States, as an honor freely bestowed by the American nations. In the absence of the Secretary of State, the sessions of the governing board are to be presided over by one of the American diplomatic representatives present, in the order of rank and seniority, and with the title of vice president. In order to acknowledge the dignity which it is proper to recognize in an international institution of such importance, the name of the bureau was changed to 'Tan American Union;" while the name of the organization of American countries which supports the bureau was changed to the briefer form of "Union of American Republics." It was decided that a republic temporarily not represented by a diplomat at Washington might intrust its representation on the governing board of the Pan American Union to some member of that board, this member then having a vote for each country represented. Under a resolution passed at Rio de Janeiro in 1906, Pan American committees have been established in nearly all of the republics. It was the original intention that these bodies should cooperate with the central union in carrying out its work. In accordance with this purpose and in order to make it more definite, the Fourth Conference embodied in the resolution and draft convention relating to the Pan American Union an article defining the functions and relations of the Pan American committees. Being thus linked to the central institu- tion, they are to form with it a common organism, acting as its representatives and agencies in the different States, and having on 10 FOURTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN STATES. their part the right to bring to the central union matters relating to their respective countries. The functions of the Pan American Union were not essentially modified. It was decided that it would be desirable for the unioia to gather and publish information on the current legislative acts of the American Republics. The ])osition of the Pan American Union as the permanent commission or agent of the International American Conferences was emphasized. The success of these conferences in the future will depend largely upon the thorough and sj^stematic work of preparation carried on by the Pan American Union and the committees. The questions considered by the conferences are becoming less general and elementary, far more detailed and tech- nical. The extensive bod}' of accurate information required in the making of treaties and resolutions which shall be of practical value can be furnished only by cooperative work carried on through the Pan American Union and the committees in the different republics. The financial administration of the union was more definitely regulated with respect to the annual budget and the duty of the member States to pay their quota upon a fixed date into the treasury of the Pan American Union. It was left to the governing board to arrange for the fulfillment of the duties of a treasurer on the part of some official of the union, and to establish an independent system of audit. The importance of the Columbus Memorial Library as a center where the most complete information on all the countries of the union can be obtained was recomized, and the countries renewed their engagements to supply this collection with documents and other books. In order to make the work of the Pan American committees more successful, and to form in each country a center of information on all the others, it was also provided that documents and books shoidd similarly be sent to the Pan American committees in each country. It was felt that it would not be wise to attempt to make specific regulations for all the activities of the Pan American Union. The power to provide in this manner for the control of the administration in all its agencies was therefore left to the governing board, and in matters referring to the internal administration to the director general. The Pan American Union thus established is an organization of great importance and dignity. It was thsrefore thought proper that the title of the head official should be changed to "director general,'' and that of the secretary to "assistant director." In connection with this change, the committee and the fourth conference expressed their high appreciation of the successful work of propaganda and organization carried on by the present director general, the flon. John Barrett, as well as the efficiency of the assistant director, jMt. Francisco J. Yanes. In preparing and adopting the draft of a convention concerning the Pan American Union, the committee and the conference were governed by the principle that in such convention there should be laid down only the essential bases of the organization and functions of the union, lea\ang to the governuig board and to the director general the power to determine, by means of regulations, all the details involved in the proper performance of the functions of the union. The draft convention adopted rests entirely upon experience and incorporates in a more formal manner the organization already FOURTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN STATES. 11 developed by means of the successive resolutions and the activities of the union. In the draft of the proposed convention the essen- tial elements of the organization are stated in a simplified form, while many of the details of the resolution are left to the determination of the governing board. The draft convention on the Pan American Union is in a form ready for the action of the Governments of the American Republics. During the discussions in committee, the organization and action of the Pan American Union were thoroughly inquired into by the various delegates. The work accomplished in the past was fully appreciated and the means for increasing the usefulness of the institu- tion were discussed in detail and with deep interest. In a siprit of friendliness and cooperation the committee sought to perfect as far as possible the organization of the union and to give it greater efficiency, scope, and dignity. APPRECIATION OF ME. ANDREW CARNEGIE's GENEROSITY. The representative of the United States on the second committee thought it best to leave to the other members thereof the prepara- tioi of the resolution embodying the appreciation of the conference of Mr. Andrew Carnegie's generous gift toward the cost of the new building for the Union of American Republics. It was, however, a source of much gratification to hear the many friendly and grateful references made by them, and by the delegates generally, to Mr Carnegie's interest in the cause of Pan-Americanism, and to the practical and generous assistance rendered by him to its furtherance through the magnificent gift in question. You will observe from the resolution, whTch is submitted herewith as Appendix S, p.nd which was passed mianimously, that the Govern- ing Board of the Union of American Republics is instructed to present to Mr. Carnegie in behalf of the conference a copy of the resolution, together with a gold medal bearing on the obverse side the words, "To Andrew Carnegie, the American Republics," and on the reverse side, "Benefactor of humanity." PAN AMERICAN RAILWAY. One of the duties with which the conference was charged was that of reporting what progress had been made since the Rio conference upon the Pan American Railway, and of considering the possibility of cooperative action among the American Republics to secure the completion of the system. In the performance of the first part of this task, the labors of the conference were greatly simplified by the comprehensive but concise and businesslike report of the permanent Pan American Railway committee, through its chairman, the Hon. Henry G. Davis. This report, bearing date of June 10, 1910, was duly presented to the conference. A copy is hereto annexed, marked Appendix GG. It embodied all the information as to the progress of the work which had been received at Washington up to the time of its signature. Its statements were found to be correct, and its usefulness to the conference was much enhanced by the circumstance that the Ameri- can delegates were furnished, on their departure from the United 12 FOURTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN STATES. States, with an abundant supply of copies, printed in English and in Spanish, for distribution among their colleagues. Either in their formal reports, which were printed for the use of the conference, as to the action of their Governments upon the vari- ous conventions and resolutions of the conference at Rio, or in special communications filed with the appropriate committee, statements on the subject of railways, usually with reference to the Pan Ameri- can system, were made by the delegations from Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Salvador, and Uruguay, the United States present- ing the report of the permanent committee. It appeared by the statement of Peru that about 200 kilometers of new railway had been opened in that country since the period covered by the Davis report. Mr. Mejia, of Salvador, the energetic and capable chairman of the committee on the Pan American Railway, announced during its sessions that contracts had been concluded for the completion of that part of the line lying in his country. The delegate from Para- guay, besides submitting a special statement for that country, pre- sented a rectification of the boundary line, as. shown in the map accompanying the Davis report, betw^een Paraguay and BoUvia. The fact was generally understood, however, that the map was not intended to be authoritative as to international bomidaries. After due dehberation it was decided in committee that it would not be of any practical advantage for the conference to undertake, on the information before it, to adopt a specific and direct plan of cooperation among the American Repubhcs for the completion of the Hne, it being apparent from the oral statements of delegates, as well as from the printed and written documents, that the formulation of such a plan would necessarily involve the consideration of variant local conditions as to which, especially in Colombia, further investi- gation was essential. After numerous sessions the committee agreed upon and presented the following report: The fifth committee, charged with the consideration of Subject VI of the program of the proceedings, has the honor to present to the conference the result of its delibera- tions. From the examination of the documents and data submitted by the permanent Pan American Railway committee and by various delegations it appears that the work on the Pan American Railway presents the following conditions: Of 10,211.5 miles, which constitute the total length of the route from Washington to Buenos Aires, there havebeen built 6,012.9 miles and there remain to be built 4,198.6 miles. The sections respectively belonging to the territories of the Republics of the United States, Mexico, and Argentina have been finished. In the time which has elapsed since the last conference at Rio considerable advances have been made on other sections of this important work, but according to the data before it the committee believes that the execution of the work in the part not yet constructed will not be completed within a term responding to the common desires manifested in this and in the preceding conferences if the union of the Republics does not adopt measm-es designed to accomplish it in a more efficacious way. With these antecedents, and taking into account the different votes given in pre- vious conferences in favor of the rapid completion of this work, which has contributed 80 efficaciously to the union of the Republics, the committee proposes that the present conference adopt the following resolutions: 1. To continue the existence, with all its powers, of the permanent Pan American Railway committee in Washington, to which, for the important services which it has rendered, the conference expresses its acknowledgments. 2. To confirm the resolutions taken by the Third Pan American Conference on this same point. FOURTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN STATES. 13 3. Taking into consideration the high moral and material advantage of the com- plete realization of the important work projected, the conference charges the perma- nent Pan American Railway committee with the collection, in the briefest possible time, of all the investigations and data, technical and financial, necessary for the formation of a definitive plan and proposition designed for the construction of the work, and earnestly recommends the countries interested in its completion to adopt and communicate to the permanent Pan American Railway committee the most efficacious measures as to the giiarantees and subsidies which can be offered to facili- tate the fulfillment of this great common desire, to the end that the said committee, in view of these communications, may propose a practical form for the solution of the problem, which would be impossible, or at least very remote of accomplishment, if it should be abandoned to the isolated action of each of the countries specially inter- ested in it. This report was adopted by the conference without division. It may be mentioned, as one of the numerous signs of the wide- spread interest exhibited in the Pan American Eailway, that although the committee on the subject was a large one, consisting of a repre- sentative from each delegation, its meetings, which were held twice a week, were usually, if not uniformly, attended by all the members, although some of the countries represented in the conference had and have no direct concern in the project. CONSIDERATION OF THE CONDITIONS UNDER WHICH THE ESTABLISH- MENT OF MORE RAPID MAIL, PASSENGER, AND EXPRESS STEAMSHIP SERVICE BETWEEN THE AMERICAN REPUBLICS CAN BE SECURED. This work was intrusted to a committee of seven. This committee had a number of meetings, but it was suggested by the chairman that each should prepare a statement giving the general idea of the con- ditions and constitutional powers limiting governmental encourage- ment, what had been done under such powers, and suggestions of means to secure the service desired. As a result certain recom- mendations were prepared, which accompany this report as Appen- dix U. The instructions to the United States delegation were such as to preclude the suggestion or approval of any definite means of govern- mental encouragement. For this reason the resolutions submitted were confined to such limits as were general in their application. The resolutions received the full approval of all the members of the committee, and were submitted to the conference by the chair- man on August 12, 1910. The extent and scope of the resolutions were explained by the chairman in his presentation of the report which is attached hereto as Appendix HH. The resolutions were then voted upon one after the other and all were adopted without a dissenting vote. UNIFORMITY IN CUSTOMS AND CONSULAR REGULATIONS, CENSUS, AND COMMERCIAL STATISTICS. This general subject was considered by a committee of 20 made up of one representative from each delegation. At its first session three subcommittees were appointed to make the necessary pre- liminary studies, the first of customs and consular administration, the second of census matters, and the third of commercial statistics, vrith the duty of reporting to the full committee measures tending to 14 FOURTH IXTERXATIONAL CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN STATES. establish uniformitT of administration among the American Repubhcs in the several regards named. The bases of these studies were the several memoranda which accompany the report of the full committee, and the proceedings of prior Pan American Conferences and of the New York customs congress. Material assistance was given by experts in consular and customs administration whose services were placed at the disposal of the subcommittees by the Argentine ministry of finance. The instructions of the Department of State to the United States delegation laid special emphasis upon the vexatious liindrances to interchange of trade among the American Republics which resulted from the enforcement by them of regulations affecting their customs and consular services, \videly different in character, and leading to confusion on the part of exporters and importers who must comply with them. The delegation was urged to secure an agreement, by convention or otherwise, for such unification and simplification of the existing administration as would tend to remove these hindrances. Specificall)^ it was instructed to secure, if possible, the adoption of (1) uniform regulations respecting manifests, (2) a uniform consular invoice to be made out in the language of the country of import and in the currency of purchase, (3) uniform certification fees for con- sular invoices of $2.50 gold where the invoice value exceeded -SI 00, and for lesser valties, 50 cents, (4) an agreememt to dispense with consular certification of manifests and bills of lading, and (5) a uniform rule that entry of.imported merchandise should, in all cases where hj reason of delay in mails or for other satisfactory cause the original consular invoice failed to reach customhouse authorities with the shipment, be allowed on a statement in the form of an invoice, accompanied by a proper bond for the subsequent production of a duly certified invoice; and providing further that technical defects in the consular docu- mentation of shipments should not be the basis of fines or penalties, and that manifest clerical errors in such documentation might be corrected after entry at the customhouse and without prejudice to the consignee or owner. The investigation of the committee disclosed that 18 of the Ameri- can Republics require consular invoices and that the remaining 3 require certificates of origin, which follow closely the requirements of the consular invoice. The committee had before it the forms of 3 documents of each country in Spanish and English. It was found that different countries required dift'erent specifications of shipments and different forms of certificates of shippers and consuls. A com- parative study of these forms was made by the Argentine experts, the result of which convinced the committee that the essential require- ments of all these documents could be combined into a single inter- national form of consular invoice if there were omitted the certificates of shippers and consuls which .must reflect the requirements of local laws. With this omission an international form of consular mvoice was reported by the committee and adopted by the conference, which is substantially the present United States form. By similar means the committee reached the agreement that a common form of consular manifest, which document tliree of the American Republics deem essential to safeguard their customs revenues, could be adopted. In the view that the ship's general manifest was substantially a consolidation of bills of lading and had no utility in the entry of FOURTH INTEEISTATIONAL CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN STATES. 15 imported goods, not subordinate to the consular invoice, it was readily agreed by the committee to concur in the recommendation of the first "conference to dispense with consular certification of that document, and also to dispense with the certification of the bill of lading as to the countries requiring the certified consular invoice, for the reason that as the latter document embraces all material data set forth in the former and both accompany the shipment, the certifi- cation of the latter was unnecessar}^. In respect of fees exacted for consular certification of invoices, an examination of the laws and regulations of the several Republics showed two general systems in force. The first may be appropri- atel}^ designated the flat-rate s3^stem, the consular certification fee being a fixed moderate sum intended solely as a compensation for the consular service rendered. But two nations employ this system, one (Brazil) requiring the flat rate of -ll.eo and the other (the United States) of $2.50. In the second system the certification fee is in the nature of a tax* on the merchandise listed in the invoice, but this system is not uniformly applied. One group of nations exacts a fixed consular certification fee corresponding to fixed invoice value with increments in the former corresponding to increments m the latter. Another group similarly requires a fixed consular certification fee corresponding to a fixed invoice value, but provides that where the invoice value exceeds a certain specified limit the prescribed consular certification fee shall be increased by a percentage charge on the amount in excess or shall be wholly substituted by a straight per- centage charge on the total invoice value. Two countries dispense altogether with the fixed certification fee corresponding to fixed invoice values and exact a straight percentage charge on the invoice value whatever the amount, one of these requiring in addition thereto a stamp tax. The percentage charge in all these cases is, in reality, an added ad valorem duty on the merchandise imported. It w^as disclosed that the diversity as to system of consular tariffs adopted by the several countries was not more marked than the inequality of the charges exacted by them. Takmg, for example, an invoice value of $2,000, the consular certification fees range upward from a minimum of $1.65 to a maximum of $60. Representatives of those countries which exact fees for the consular certification of invoices in the nature of a tax on the merchandise imported were generally of the opinion that it was impracticable to replace that system with the so-called flat-rate system. It was con- ceded by them, however, that the charges were in many cases exces- sive, operated to restrict commerce, and ought in such cases to be reduced, but not below the point necessary for the maintenance of the consular service. The final agreement of the committee, which was accepted by the conference, is set forth in Article VI of the reso- lutions reported under this head as follows : Consular fees should be moderate and should not constitute an indirect method of increasing customs receipts. It is believed that it is for the best interests of the international commerce of this continent that these fees, no matter what method is employed for their collection, be limited as far as possible to amounts necessary to cover the cost of maintaining the consular service. The uniform rule proposed in the instructions to the United States delegation that fines and penalties be not imposed on account of technical errors in documents authenticated by consul, and that mani- fest clerical errors therein be condoned (subdivision 5, supra), met 16 FOURTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OP AMERICAN STATES. with general opposition on the ground that a provision to this effect would contravene a principle of jurisprudence of many Latin- American Republics, affirmed by their highest courts, namely, that mistakes in documents attested by consul raise a presumption of fraud which must be rebutted by conclusive proof. It was urged that this principle was of the greatest efficacy in protecting their customs revenues against frauds. The attempt to secure an accept- ance of this rule had to be abandoned. The second set of resolutions reported by the committee, under the heading "Customs Regulations," and adopted by the conference, are a restatement, with modifications wliich made them acceptable to the committee, of resolutions of the New York Customs Congress, which had never been placed before the several countries in a formal way for their adhesion. It was deemed advisable by the committee that these conclusions of the New York congress should be reaffirmed and formally submitted with its other recommendations, beheving them to be an essential step in the unification of fustoms adminis- tration. In the third set of resolutions reported by the committee and approved by the conference an effort has been made to segregate and define that part of the work of unification and simplification of cus- toms regulations which is technical in nature and requires the pre- liminary study of specialists. A definite program for this study, which includes customhouse nomenclature, nas been outfined. The conference has followed the precedent of the Third Conference and of the New York Customs Congress in devolving this work upon the section of customs, commerce, and statistics of the Pan American Union, in the light of whose investigation it is hoped a subsequent conference may take up and complete the projected unification. In the discussion in the committee in respect of census matters it was developed that the periodical taking of a census of population, as now^ required by law, had been prevented in certain of the American Repubhcs by the fact that it would operate to disturb the represen- tation in their legislatures, in view of the requirement that such rep- resentation shall be based on population, and that considerations of this character might embarrass the talcing of an ail-American census for 1920, as suggested in the memorandum of the Director of the Cen- sus of the United States. The sentiment of the committee was favor- able to the taking of such a census wherever practicable, and that it should include also a census of industries and general resources. The committee was of the opinion that the fines upon which such census should be taken and the degree of uniformity which could be observed in such an undertaldng and in the compilation of commercial statis- tics could, in the hmited time available to the committee, be indicated only in general outfine, and must be left mainly to the study and analy- sis of specialists in such matters, and that the duty of making such study and analysis and formulating timely recommendations to the several governments would be appropriately devolved upon the sec- tion of customs, commerce, and statistics of the Pan American Union. Resolutions of this character and in substantial accord with the views expressed in the memoranda of the expert statistician of the Depart- ment of Commerce and Labor and of the Director of the Census trans- mitted with and made part of the instructions to the delegation of the United States were adopted. FOURTH INTERNATIONAL, CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN STATES. 17 The text of the report of this committee will be found in Appendix II and that of the resolutions, five in number, in Appendix \ . The efficient consul general of the United States at Buenos Aires, Mr. Richard M. Bartleman, cheerfully'cooperated with the represent- ative of the United States on this committee and rendered valuable assistance. SANITARY POLICE AND QUARANTINE. This subject was considered by a committee which was composed of one member from each delegation, and of which Dr. Carlos M. de Pena, of Uruguay, was elected chairman. The instructions of the Secretary of State directed us to "endeavor to procure from the conference a recommendation that the conclusions of the Mexican and Costa Rican Sanitary Conferences be adopted by the respective countries." A memorandum was presented by the rep- resentative of the United States delegation reviewing the work of previous conferences on sanitary matters and recommending, in ac- cordance with our instructions, the adoption of the conclusions of the sanitary conferences referred to. Discussion centered on the pro- posed amendment to Article IX of the sanitary convention of Wash- ington, whereby the official proof of freedom from infectious disease must be "satisfactory to the interested party." The representatives of six countries objected to these words on the ground that they might put the commerce of a weak country at the mercy of the caprice of a stronger. After considerable debate it was unanimously agreed to propose in place of the words suggested the following phrase : Official proof "satisfactory to both parties interested." As these words ap- peared to the representative of the United States to accomplish the purpose intended, he, after consultation with the other members of the American delegation, accepted them, and they were incorporated in the resolution adopted. Notwithstanding his general agreement with this proposition, the representative of Venezuela had certain reservations which he de- sired to put on record, and by vote of the committee he was per- mitted to append a statement to the draft resolution submitted to the conference. The resolution as finally adopted accomplishes, therefore, all that the delegation of the United States w^as instructed to obtain. The representative of the United States further suggested to the committee the desirabilitv of including a recommendation that in case of epidemics the respective national governments assume con- trol of the situation. In the opinion of the committee this point was covered by the fact that such a resolution was already included in the recommendations of previous conferences, and he did not think it wise to press the matter. The text of the report of the committee will be found in Appen- dix J J, and that of the resolution in Appendix W. PATENTS, TRADE-MARKS, AND COPYRIGHTS. These subjects cover three topics of the program and the work of two committees, but they are so closely related that they can be treated together to better advantage than separately At the outset 74034— S, Doc. 744, 61-3 2 18 FOURTH INTERN ATIONAL, CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN STATES. we are pleased to state that we have succeeded in obtaining the adoption of suitable conventions to regularize the mutual protec- tion of these classes of property among the American Republics. The history of the proceedings relating to the adoption of conven- tions between the American States upon these subjects is outlined in the report of the committee on patents, trade-marks, and copy- rights of the Third International Conference held at Rio de Janeiro in 1906, published on pages 154-160 of the Report of the Delegates of the United States (S. Doc. No. 365, 59th Cong., 2d sess.), which it is unnecessary to reproduce here. As a result of the discussion in the Third Conference, a conven- tion relating to patents and trade-marks was signed, not only by the representatives of the other American Republics, but also by those of the United States. The proposed convention was placed before the United States Senate for approval, but was subsequently with- drawn. The treaty was opposed principally on the ground that the provisions of the convention, if applied to the United States, would give force and effect to patents issued in accordance with the laws of any of the States adhering to the convention, notwithstanding the fact that some of these States granted patents without previous inquiry as to the usefulness of the article as to whether it was really an invention or\n improvement. It was sho^^^l that the patent laws of the United States require a careful examination to be made of the state of the prior art to determine whether the invention claimed was new and useful as a prerequisite to the grant of a patent ; and it was urged that this system, which is in effect the basis of the commercial progress of the United States, should be maintained in its entirety. It was also shown that the carrying out of the convention would oblige the United States to furnish authenticated copies of patents, assignments of records, and other documents, imposing an enor- mous and needless burden, upon that country. And the further ground of objection was presented that the treaty would have been in conflict with the most advanced systems and particularly incon- sistent with the Paris convention of 1883, the merits of which have been recognized by previous Pan American conferences. We have the honor to report that the three distinct conventions adopted by the conference can be entered into by the United States without disruption of its own patent, trade-mark, and copyright laws, and will not interfere with the internal laws of the other American Republics. The conventions finally adopted are substantially the same as those drafted by Mr. Edward B. Moore, the Commissioner of Patents, who accompanied the delegation as expert attache. The conven- tions are so drafted that they will harmonize (a) with the Interna- tional Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property, signed at Paris in 1883, and amended at Brussels in 1900, to which the majority of the European nations are adherents; (6) with the treaty of Paris of 1891, which provides for the international registration of trade-marks, and to which several of the European nations are adher- ents; and (c) with some modifications, harmonize with the copyright treaty of Mexico, FOURTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN STATES. 19 PATENTS. In the drafting of the convention- on patents (Appendix J) the conference has taken into consideration the objections raised by many of the States to the Rio convention, and has respected the provisions of the internal laws of the several signatory States. Gen- eral principles protecting and safeguarding the rights of inventors are proclaimed, and the wa}^ is made easy for future uniform and universal legislation. While certain portions of the treaties of Paris and of Brussels have been adopted, it is provided that the present convention be considered as a substitute for all former treaties on the subject, and it is recommended that it be finally adopted by the signatory States as a basis for the enactment of their respective patent laws. TRADE-MARKS. The Convention for the Protection of Trade-Marks (Appendix K) declares that any mark, duly registered in one of the signatory States shall be considered as also registered in the other States, without prejudice to the rights of third persons or to the provisions of the laws of each State governing the same. Provision is made for the payment of a small fee to cover the expenses of the international registration. It provides that the deposit of a mark in one State produces in favor of the depositor a right of priority for a period of six months, so as to enable him to make the deposit in the other States. Trade-marks are then defined. Questions arising as to the priority of the adoption of a trade-mark must be^ decided with due regard to the date of the deposit in the country where the first application therefor was made. Provision is made that the falsi- fication, imitation, or unauthorized use of a trade-mark as also the false representation as to the origin of the product, can be prose- cuted by the interested party in accordance with the laws of the State wherein the offense is committed. The grounds upon which trade-marks can be canceled are also stated. Commercial names are protected without deposit or registration, whether they form part of a trade-mark or not. The convention also provides for the establishment of international bureaus at Havana and Rio de Janeiro, and defines the duties of the same. The registration of a trade- mark obtained in any one of the signatory States is made effective throughout all the Republics represented in the conference, upon a certificate of ownership thereof, issued by such State, being regis- tered in either of the international bureaus. This form of international registration differs from that set forth in the Rio convention, wherein it is provided that the registration of a trade-mark secured in either of the two bureaus is made effective throughout all of the States, as if made in each of the several signa- tory States, save that any State is allowed one year from the date of ratification by the bureau within which to accept or reject such reg- istration. It is believed that the adoption of this convention will promote comity and commerce among the several Republics, and, to that end^ it is hoped that such action will be taken by our Government at the earliest possible moment. 20 FOURTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN STATES. COPYRIGHTS. In framing the Copyright Convention (Appendix L) the end kept in view was to provide legal protection in all the countries of the Union for works produced in any one or more of these countries, and for works produced anywhere by citizens of one of the signatory States. It was proposed at the same time to make this protection effective without an international court or bureau, relying instead on the laws of the several countries for the maintenance of the rights guaranteed by this convention. In pursuance of this purpose it was found advisable not to adopt the provisions for two bureaus contained in the convention signed at Rio de Janeiro, August 23, 1906, and which has been adopted as regards trade-marks. These bureaus appear to be unnecessary and calculated to render impracticable any convention embodying them. While the effectiveness of the present convention wiU depend upon the existence of proper and well-executed copyright laws in the several countries, it was not thought desirable to seek, through the ratification of this convention, to pledge each coun- try to adopt such copyright laws as might be necessary for a satis- factory execution thereof, in case such laws were not already in exist- ence. In any case where the requisite legislation had not been adopted the nation concerned might avoid the obligations of such a proposed pledge by simply refusing to ratify the convention; and any nation, finding it advantageous to proceed under a legal system that afforded no protection to the works of foreign authors, or even to the works of the authors of the country in question, might not be expected to expedite the adoption of new laws, except under some motive more powerful than that offered by a suggested pledge presented in this convention. It is desirable that the laws of the several States should provide for a uniform general term of copyright protection ; and if am' nation has established a shorter term than the legal term estabhshed in other nations it may be supposed that, desirous of securing to its own authors rights as extensive as those enjoyed by the authors of other countries, it will, on its own initiative, so modify its laws as to bring them into harmony with the legislation of the other nations of the Union. In adopting this convention the conference has aimed at effective- ness by avoiding impracticable details of organization. It has sought to secure, with a minimum of formality, trouble, and cost, protection in all countries of the union for all works that may be made subject to a law of copyright. The definition of works for wliich protection is sought under tliis convention is made sufficienthT^ comprehensive to embrace "every production which can be published by any means whatsoever of impression or republication." The right of property in any such production recognized in any State in accordance ^.vith its laws shall have full recognition in all the other States, ^^•ithout com- pliance with any formality other than that there shall appear in or on the work in question an indication that the right of property in it is reserved. The authors of the works protected under this conven- tion, or their assigns, shall enjov in the signatoiy countries the rights which the laws of these countries respectfully confer: but in no case shall the term of protection accorded exceed that of the country of origin, the countrv of orig-in being defined as that in wliich the work FOUETH INTERN ATIONAl, CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN STATES. 21 is first published. Authorized translations also are protected in the same manner as original works. In conclusion we beg to say that great interest was manifested by the members of the Committee on Patents and Trade-marks in the meeting of the international union for the protection of industrial property, which is to be held in Washington in May, 1911, and to which all the American Republics have been invited. The report of the committee on copyrights will be found in Appen- dix LL. TREATY FOR THE ARBITRATION OF PECUNIARY CLAIMS. The eleventh subject of the program of the conference was the ' ' consideration of the continuance of the treaties on pecuniary claims after their expiration." By the Second International American Conference, held in the City of Mexico, a treaty was concluded, January 19, 1902, by which the high contracting parties agreed (Art. I) "to submit to arbitration all claims for pecuniary loss or damage which may be presented by their respective citizens, and which can not be amicably adjusted through diplomatic channels, when said claims are of sufficient importance to warrant the expenses of arbitration." It was further agreed (Art. II) that all controversies embraced in the treaty should be submitted to the decision of the Permanent Court of Arbitration established under the Convention for the Pacific Settlement of International Disputes, signed at The Hague, July 29, 1899, unless the parties to the dispute should prefer to create a special jurisdiction; but as the American nations, with the exception of the United States and Mexico, were not represented in the first Hague conference, it was provided (Art. Ill) that the treaty should be obHgatory only upon States which had subscribed to that convention and upon those which should ratify the protocol, just then adopted at Mexico, looking to the adhesion of aU the American States thereto. Finally, it was stipulated (Art. V) that the treaty should be binding upon the ratifying States from the date on which five of them should have ratified it, and that it should remain in force for five years. By reason of this limitation, the question of renewing the treaty was one of the subjects committed to the Third International Ameri- can Conference, which was held at Rio de Janeiro in 1906. In its instructions to its delegates to that conference the Government of the United States said: This is a matter special to the American States and it calls for special consideration * * *. The treaty was to continue for five years. It has been ratified by only five powers, inchiding the United States. The treaty should be extended for another five years, and an urgent effort should be made to secure the adherence of the other powers. You can readily ascertain whether the failure of ratification by twelve out of the seventeen powers who signed the treaty'was due to some objectionable feature which can be remedied, or to fundamental objections, or to indifference. This treaty is the very simplest and narrowest form of a general agreement to arbitrate, and so long as three-fourths of the American States have not reached this point of agreement the discussion of any proposals for compulsory arbitration of a wider scope would seem to be at least premature. When the c[uestion of renewing the treaty came to be considered by the committee to which it was referred, it gave rise to much dis- cussion. It seems to have been ascertained that the treatv had in 22 FOURTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN STATES. fact been ratified by eight, instead of by only five, of the signatory States, namely, by the United States, Mexico, Nicaragua, Guatemala, Salvador, Honduras, Peru, and Bolivia; but a large majority of the committee desired to modify it by adding a clause to the effect that arbitration should take place only after the legal recourses afTorded by the courts of the country against which the claim was made had been exhausted, the reason assigned for this proposal being that the phraseology of the fu-st article of the treaty lent itself to the inter- pretation that the ordinary course of justice existing under the internal organization of each signatory State was to be superseded by international arbitration. The minority of the committee main- tained that this objection was not well founded; but it was only after much discussion and delay that a report satisfactory to the majority of the committee and acceptable to the minority was secured unani- mously recommending that the treaty be extended. This report con- tained the following paragraphs: This partial ratification (of the treaty by the eight powers above named) may, perhaps, have been due to the precise terms in which the first article provides for arbitral jurisdiction, this being possibly interpreted to mean that the inherent internal rights and prerogatives of a state were in all cases to be substituted by an arbitral tribunal whose jiirisdiction could not be avoided. It is clear that such an interpretation is not well founded. If it be established that all claims for losses and damages brought against a state by the citizens of another must be submitted to arbitration, when they can not be adjusted through diplomatic channels, it is but reasonable to presume that there are cases in which diplomatic intervention is justified. The internal sovereignty of a state, an essential condition of its existence as an independent international power, consists explicitly in the right it always preserv^es of regulating such juridical acts as are consummated within its territory, by its laws, and of trying these by its tribunals, excepting in cases where, for special reasons (and to these international law devotes particular attention) they are converted into questions of an international character. It was deemed advisable, however, to amend the treatj^ by striking out the third article, the substance of which is given above, the pro- visions of this article having ceased to be applicable to existing con- ditions because of the adhesion of the American nations, after the conference at Mexico, to The Hague convention of 1899. Moreover, as the term of five years, during which the treaty was to remain in force, was understood to run as to each contracting party from the date of its act of ratification, it was decided to fix one uniform day on which the treaty, as amended and renewed, should terminate; and the day adopted for this purpose was December 31, 1912. A treaty designed to accomplish these objects was accordingly signed August 13, 1906. Such being the situation, we were instructed, ''as The Hague gen- eral arbitration treaties, which were adhered to by most American Republics in 1907," did not "satisfactoril}?' cover the subject," to "urge the continuance of the treaties on pecuniary claims after their expiration," and, if any government represented in the conference should desire to discontinue them, to ascertain its reasons therefor. According to the advices received by the department previously to our departure, the treaties of Mexico and Rio had been ratified by eight powers, namely, the United States, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Guatemala, Mexico, and Nicaragua. By the summary sub- mitted, however, to the conference b}^ the third committee of the reports and memorials presented by the various delegations, it appears FOURTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OP AMERICAN STATES. 23 that there should be added to the hst Ecuador, Honduras, Panama, and Salvador, making 12 Governments in all.^ The question of continuing the treaties was referred to a committee composed as follows: Dr. Gonzalo Ramirez (Uruguay), chairman; Mr. Mario Estrada (Guatemala), secretary; and Messrs. John B. Moore (United States), Eduardo L. Bidau (Argentine Repubhc), Gastao da Cunha (Brazil), Americo Lugo (Dominican Republic), and Victoriano Salado Alvarez (Mexico). After the first formal session of the committee a draft of a new treaty, to replace the treaties of Mexico and Rio, was communicated by the chairman to the other members. This project contained the following article: Article II. In case the nation against which the claim is made does not admit the procedure by the diplomatic channel, the arbitral tribunal shall treat this point of difference as a preliminary question, and if it decides that the diplomatic procedure is not appropriate, the claim shall be dismissed. If this preliminary question shall be resolved in favor of the procedure by the dip- lomatic way, the arbitral tribunal shall then take cognizance of the merits of the case.^ It will be observed that this proposal revived, in a specific but more pointed form, the question which provoked so much discussion and proved to be so difficult of adjustment at Rio in 1906. It was re- ceived by the committee with general approval. It was opposed by the member from the United States on the ground that it tended to limit the freedom of diplomatic action; that it would have the effect of inviting denials of the propriety of such action, and of dividing, delaying, and complicating the process of arbitration; and that it would be incapable of exact execution, for the reason that the ques- tion whether diplomatic intervention was justified could not usually be determined without an examination of the merits of the case. In the midst of this division of opinion, a solution was at one time sug- gested to the effect that the tribunal of arbitration should be required to decide all questions submitted to it, but this suggestion found little support, since it was not thought to be desirable to impose upon the arbitrators the burden of deciding questions which might be alto- gether immaterial to the proper disposition of the case before them. Finally, the member from the United States urged that the attempt to make substantial changes should be deferred till the apprehended defect should actually be shown to exist and that this position was all the more reasonable in view of the circumstance that none of the ratifying Governments had complained of the manner in which the treaties had operated. In the end, it was, after much discussion, agreed to adhere to the text of the first article of the treaty of Mexico, with the addition, proposed by the member from the United States, of the stipulation that the decision of the arbitrators should "be rendered in accordance with the principles of international law," this 1 The dates of ratification are as follows: United States, Mar. 2, 1907; Chile, June 28, 1909; Colombia, Aug. 29, 1908;- Costa Rica, Oct. 28, 1908; Cuba, Mar. 17, 1908; Ecuador, November, 1909; Guatemala, Apr. 20, 1907, and Feb. 15, 1909; Honduras, Feb. .5, 1907; Mexico, Nov. 18, 1907; Nicaragua, Feb. 20, 1908; Panama, date not given; Salvador, May 11, 1907. The situation in the nonratifying countries was as follows: Argentine Republic, approved by the Chamber of Deputies, but still pending in the Senate; Brazil, pending in the Congress; Dominican Republic, Haiti, and Paraguay, no statement presented; Peru, pending in the Con- gress; Uruguay, not sent to the legislative body:"Venezuela, no statement presented. 2 ArtIculo il. En el caso en que la nacidn contra la cualse deduce el reclamo no reconociese la proceden- cia de la via diplomatica, el tribunal arbitral fallara como cuestion previa ese punto de disidencia y si juzgase que no precede la via diplomatica la reclamacion quedara desechada. Si esa cuestion previa fuese resuelta afirmando la procedencia de la, via diplomdtica, ei tribunal arbitral entrara a conocer del fondo del asunto. 24 FOURTH INTERNATIOlsrAL. CONFEEEXCE OF AMERICAN STATES. formula, or its equivalent, havino; usually been inserted in the gen- eral claims conventions of the United States, although it may be regarded as a declaration of the obvious intention of the contracting parties. The preservation of the terms of submission of the treaty of Mex- ico, without quahfication or impairment, having been secured, the committee readily concurred in the view that, as that treaty, although it had been amended at Rio, would by reason of its reference to cer- tain articles of The Hague convention of 1899, which has been replaced by the convention of 1907, have to be amended yet again, it would be more convenient and more businesslike to make the new treaty com- plete in itself and to cast it in such form as to render unnecessary its recurrent adjustment to possible changes in The Hague conventions. This was done. Moreover, as the renewal of the treaties of Mexico and Rio had been attended with difficulties, it was proposed by the representative of the United States that the duration of the new agree- ment should be made indefinite, subject to the right of a ratifying power to withdraw after two years' notice. This proposal was adopted, and a clause was added continuing in force the treaty of Mexico after December 31, 1912, as to any claims which might, prior to that date, have been submitted to arbitration under its provisions. After a final agreement was reached on the text of the treaty the previous discussions as to the question of diplomatic intervention were revived over the draft of a report which was presented b}^ the chair- man of the committee. In this paper, in which there was an exposi- tion of general principles, interwoven with quotations from writers, certain expressions of public men were cited as tending to show that the question of the propriety of the resort to the diplomatic channel might be treated as a previous or preliminary question, apart from the merits of the case. In this predicament the member from the United States deeming himself to be precluded, for reasons which have been sufficiently explained, from accepting all the conclusions of the report, proposed to add to it and to sign for himself the following declaration: The undersigned, while he refrains from entering into a discussion of the statements of general principles embodied in the foregoing report, deems it proper to observe that he does not consider it to be practicable to lay down in advance precise and unyielding formulas by which the question of a denial of justice may in every instance be deter- mined. Still less does he believe it to be possible to treat this matter as a preliminary question which may be decided apart from the merits of the case, or to include in a general treaty of arbitration a clause to that effect. In the multitude of cases that have, during the past 120 years, been disposed of by international arbitration the ques- tion of a denial of justice has arisen in many and in various forms that could not haA-e been foreseen; nor can human intelligence forecast the forms in which it may arise hereafter. In the future, as in the past, this question will be disposed of by the amicable methods of diplomacy and arbitration, and in that spirit of mutual respect and conciliation which happily grows stronger among nations with the lapse of years. As it was thought that this declaration would, if dealt with in the manner proposed, have the appearance and effect of a minority report, it was at length agreed that it should be embodied in the report of the committee (Appendix MM), where it is followed b}' the statement that the other members of the committee accept it, since they do not consider it to be in conflict with what is set forth in the report. In this way the unanimous desire of the committee for a report which should bear the signatures of all its members was happily attained. It is a pleasure specially to acknowledge the untiring efforts which the eminent chairman of the committee put forth to expedite its FOURTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OP AMERICAN STATES. 25 labors. As he was at the time indisposed, the meetings of the committee were usually held at the house of the Uruguayan Lega- tion, of which he was the head; but in accordance with his wishes, they were held by special appointment, without regard to official notices, whenever, in the day or in the evening, the members could conveniently assemble; and they were thus not only more frequent but longer in duration than was customary. There can be no doubt that the attainment of the desire, felt by every member of the com- mittee, for a prompt and satisfactory termination of its labors, was facilitated by the example of industry and high purpose set by the venerable man who presided over its deliberations and by the feeling of deep respect in which he was held. The treaty (Appendix M) was adopted by the conference unani- mously, the Venezuelan delegate stating, however, that Venezuela would sign the treaty with the special reservation that recourse to diplomacy should take place only when there had been a denial of justice. INTERCHANGE OF UNIVERSITY PROFESSORS. For the purpose of promoting in each of the American nations a more perfect understanding of the intellectual life of the others, two series of resolutions were framed and adopted by the conference, relating to the interchange of professors and students among the universities of the countries represented in the conference. The first series recommends that provisions should be made under which professors in one university may be sent from time to time to give lectures or courses of instruction in other universities, such lectures or courses of instruction to deal chiefly with scientific material of special interest to Americans or with the conditions of one or another American country, especially with the conditions of that country to which the professor in any given case may belong. The second series of resolutions recognizes the interchange of students among American universities as a means of confirming the sohdarity of the nations of the continent. The details of the methods suggested for effecting these interchanges are contained in the resolutions already referred to and which are submitted with this report. (Appendix X.) APPRECIATION OF THF PAN AMERICAN SCIENTIFIC CONGRESS HELD AT SANTIAGO, CHILE, DECEMBER, 1908. In pursuance of your instructions on this subject, the delegation of the United States supported a resolution, which was adopted, to the effect that the conference noted with pleasure the initiative of holding a Pan American Scientific Congress at Santiago, Chile, and the results there accomplished; also that the Governments of the American States be informed that the conference would consider advisable similar reunions in cities of America to be hereafter selected . The text of this resolution will be found in Appendix Y. A resolution was also adopted regarding the Fourth Scientific Congress, held at Buenos Aires in 1910, congratulatory of the work there accomplished and expressing the hope that these reunions should be frequent. (Appendix Z.) 26 FOtlETH INTERISTATIOlSrAL CONFERENCE OP AMERICAN STATES. OPENING OF THE PANAMA CANAL. The program called for the adoption of a resolution instructing the governing board of the International Bureau of the American Republics to consider and recommend the manner in which the American Republics might see fit to celebrate the opening of the Panama Canal. After some discussion the second committee decided to report to the conference a resolution, which was passed, whereby the final settlement of that question is left to the governing board of the Union of American Republics in Washington. This resolution will be found in Appendix AA. FUTURE CONFERENCES. The subject of the time and place of the next conference was dis- posed of by the committee to which it was referred at its first and only meeting. There was considerable discussion privately among the delegates prior to the meeting of the committee and a large num- ber thought that the conference should select Santiago, the capital city of Chile, as the logical point where the Fifth International Con- ference of American States should be held. It was urged by some, on the other hand, that the precedent established by the conference held in the City of Mexico, and substantially followed by the one held in Rio, leaving the decision of both place and time of subsequent conferences to the governing board of the Pan American Union should be adhered to and at the first meeting of the committee on future conferences the delegate from Chile moved that the entire subject matter be left to the decision of the governing board. This motion prevailed, and the committee reported accordingly to the conference. When the resolution came up for adoption by the conference there was one dissenting vote. The delegate from the Dominican Repubhc voted in the negative, and, in explaining his vote, stated that he was of the opinion that Havana, Cuba, should be named as the place for the holding of the next conference. The delegate of the United States of America, pursuant to instruc- tions, urged in committee the advisabihty of holding the conferences at intervals of six years as a minimum and thereby aft'ording suffi- cient time for the ratification of the conventions adopted at the various conferences, but he deferred to the otherwise unanimous wish of the committee that an interval of not more than five years should elapse between the reunions. The resolution finally adopted (see Appendix BB) provides that the governing board shall have the power to advance or postpone the date of the next conference should circumstances arise making it desirable so to do. GENERAL WELFARE. The committee on general welfare was chiefly negative in its activity. It was expected, among other things, to consider questions on which action might be requested, but which had not been intro- duced into the program. Its chief function was, therefore, to con- sider new topics that might be proposed, and to make recommenda- tions to the conference respecting them. In this capacity its work was important in that through it the conference was able to keep FOURTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN STATES. 27 itself free from discussions that might have consumed much time and would have been fruitless. The members of this committee, as well as the majority of the members of the conference, appreciated the necessity of giving to the topics of the program the most thor- ough consideration; and that this might be done it appeared to be a reasonable rule for the guidance of the committee to withhold from the general sessions all subjects not involved in the program unless they should seem to the members extraordinarily urgent. The maintenance of this feature of organization in future confer- ences will greatly facilitate the work demanded by the specific pro- gram and enable the conference in its general sessions peacefully to avoid discussions on questions regarding which no practicable or profitable result can be reached. CLOSING SESSIONS. The last session for the transaction of business took place on the 27th of August. The thanks of the delegates were voted unanimously to the presi- dent. Dr. Bermejo; to the secretary general and his staff; and to the press of the Argentine Republic. The president and secretary general made speeches, translations of which will be found in Appendix D. On a motion signed by Messrs. Portela, Toledo Herrarte, Cruz, Lazo Arriaga, and Mejia, respectively ministers to the United States of the Argentine RepubHc, Guatemala, Chile, Honduras, and Sal- vador, and of Gen. Carlos Garcia Velez, formerly Cuban minister at Washington, being all members of the governing board of the Inter- national Bureau of the American Repubhcs when the program of the Fourth Conference was settled, it was unanimously voted to send a telegram to the Hon. P. C. Knox, Secretary of State of the United States, thanking him for the part he had taken in the arrange- ment of the program and congratulating Mm upon the success of the conference. At the previous session of the conference, upon the motion of a delegate from Brazil, it was unanimously voted that a telegram be sent to the Hon. Ehhu Root, expressing sentiments of appreciation and remembrance. The closing session of the conference was held on Tuesday, August 30, Dr. Carlos Rodriguez Larreta, who had succeeded Dr. Victorino de la Plaza as minister for foreign affairs, being in the chair. His exellency made a speech, to which Dr. Toledo Herrarte, minister of Guatemala to the United States and chairman of liis delegation, replied. Translations of these speeches accompany this report as Appendix E. CONCLUSION. We feel that it is scarcely within our province to compare the results of this conference with those of its predecessors; the more so as sufficient time has not elapsed since it came to an end for the formation of an accurate opinion on that subject. It may not be improper, however, to say that while the program was not so extensive as those of the three preceding conferences every subject upon it was effectively dealt with. There can be no doubt, moreover, that 28 FOUBTH INTERNATION.'yL, COXFEKENCE OF AMEKICAN STATES. quite apart from the actual work accomplished, the constant inter- course and exchange of views in frienaly conversation, during a period of nearly two months, between representative men from all parts of America in an atmosphere of harmony such as has been so marked a feature of this conference, can not fail to react upon and to draw closer the relations between the countries represented. Indeed a distinct improvement has already been perceptible during the progress of the conference in the relations between several of the RepubHcs, and in our opinion it is difficult to overestimate the advantage to the cause of Pan Americanism to be derived from the periodical meetings of these international conferences. We can not conclude this report without an allusion to the generous hospitaHty of which we have oeen the recipients here. Many enter- tainments have been given and excursions to places of interest arranged for the delegates to the conference, and we retain an agree- able recollection of the kindness and courtesy of everyone with whom we have come in contact; nor should we omit a special acknowledge- ment of the courtesy and cooperation of our minister, Mr. SherriU, and the staff of the legation. We have the honor to be, sir, Your obedient servants, Henry White. E. H. Crowder. Lewis Nixon. John B. Moore. Bernard Moses. Lamar C. Quintero. Paxil S. Reinsch. David Kinley. To the Hon. Philander C. Knox, Secretary of State. Buenos Aires, August 30, 1910. LIST OF APPENDICES. Miscellaneous: A. Program and regulations of the conference, p. 31. B. Instructions of the Secretary of State, p. 36. C. Speeches of Dr. Victorino de la Plaza, Mr. Henry White, and Dr. Antonio Bermejo at the opening session, July 12, 1910, p. 44. D. Speeches of Dr. Antonio Bermejo and Mr. Epifanio Portela at the session of August 27, 1910, p. 50. E. Speeches of Dr. Carlos Rodriguez Larreta and Dr. Luis Toledo Herrarte at the closing session, August 30, 1910, p. 53. F. List of the delegates and officials, p. 58. G. List of the committees and subjects, p. 61. H. Reports of the delegations as to the action taken by their Governments on the resolutions and conventions adopted by the Third Conference, p. 65. I. Report of the third committee on the above (Appendix H), p. 97. Conventions: J. Patents of invention, designs, and industrial models, p. 102. K. Trade-marks, p. 112. L. Copyrights, p. 128. M. Pecuniary claims, p. 138. • Resolutions: N. Modification of program, p. 147. O. Celebration of the centenary of American Republics, p. 148. P. Resolution concerning the Coffee Congress provided for by the Third Con- ference, p. 152. Q. Reorganization of the Union of American Republics, p. 156. R. Resolution submitting draft of proposed convention for the reorganization of the LTnion of American Republics, p. 168. . S. Resolution expressing thanks to Mr. Andrew Carnegie, p. 178. T. Resolution regarding the Pan American Railway, p. 182. U. Resolution regarding the more rapid mail, passenger, and express steamship service between the American Republics, p. 186. V. Resolutions concerning the unification of (1) consular documents; (2) customs regulations; (3) regarding the establishment of a section of commerce, customs, and statistics in the Pan American Union; (4) commercial statis- tics; and (5) census, p. 192. W. Resolution on sanitary police, p. 222. X. Resolution on the interchange of university prof essors and students, p. 226. Y. Resolution concerning work of the Pan American Scientific Congress, held at Santiago, Chile, in December, 1908, p. 232. Z. Resolution concerning the work of the Fourth Pan American Scientific Con- gress, held at Buenos Aires, July, 1910, p. 236. AA. Resolution concerning the celebration of the opening of the Panama Canal, p. 240. BB. Resolution concerning future conferences, p. 244. Motions: Appendix CC, p. 248. Reports of committees: DD. Report of committee on Coffee Congress, p. 251. EE. Report of the committee on the reorganization of the Pan American Union, p. 252. FF. Report of the committee on the Pan American Railway, p. 253. ' GG. Report of the permanent Pan American Railway committee of Washington, p. 254. HH. Report of the committee on mail, passenger, and express steamship service between the American Republics, p. 261. II. Report of the committee on the unification of consular documents, customs regulations, commercial statistics, and census, p. 264. JJ. Report of the committee on sanitary police, p. 273. KK. Report of the committee on patents of invention, designs, and industria models, and trade-marks, p. 275. 29 30 FOURTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN STATES. Reports of committees — Continued. LL. Report of the committee on copyrights, p. 278. MM. Report of the committee on pecuniary claims, p. 280. NN. Report of the committee on the interchange of university professors and students, p. 273. 00. Report of the committee on general welfare, p. 284. PP. Report of the committee on future conferences, p. 285. QQ. Report of the committee on thanks to Mr. Camegief p. 286. Note. — The full minutes of the conference in the four languages — English, Spanish, Portuguese, and French — will be printed and forwarded by 5ie Argentine Government to the participating countries. APPENDIX A. PROGRAM OF THE FOURTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE AMERICAN REPUBLICS TO BE HELD AT BUENOS AIRES, ARGENTINE REPUBLIC, JULY 10, 1910. I. The organization of the conference. II. Commemoration of tlie Argentine national centenary and of the independence of the American Kepublics as suggested by the fact that many of those nations celebrate their national centenaries in 1910 and neighboring years. III. Submission and consideration of the reports of each delegation as to the action of their respective Governments upon the resolutions and conventions of the thu-d con- ference held at Rio de Janeiro in July, 1906, including a report upon the results accom- plished by the Pan-American committees and the consideration of the extension of their functions. IV. Submission and consideration of the report of the Director of the International Bureau of the American Republics, together with consideration of the present organi- zation and of the recommendations for the possible extension and improvement of its efficiency. V. Resolution expressing appreciation to Mr. Andrew Carnegie of his generous gift for the construction of the new building of the American Republics in Washington. VI. Report on the progress which has been made on the Pan-American Railway since the Rio conference, and consideration of the possibility of cooperative action among the American Republics to secure the completion of the system. VII. Consideration of the conditions under which the establishment of more rapid mail, passenger, and express steamship service between the American Republics can be secured. VIII. Consideration of measures which will lead to uniformity among the American Repub- lics in consular documents and the technical requirements of customs regulations, and also in census and commercial statistics. IX. Consideration of the recommendation of the Pan-American sanitary congresses in regard to sanitary police and quarantine and of such additional recommendations as may tend to the elimination of preventable diseases. X. Consideration of practicable arrangement between the American Republics cover- ing patents, trade-marks, and copyrights. 31 32 FOURTH INTERNATIONAL, CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN STATES. XI. Consideration of a continuance of the- treaties on pecuniary claims after their expiration. XII. Consideration of a plan to promote the interchange of professors and students among the universities and academies of the American Republics. XIII. Resolution in appreciation of the Pan-American Scientific Congress, held at San- tiago, Chile, December, 1908. XIV. Resolution instructing the governing board of the International Bureau of the American Republics to consider and recommend the manner in which the American Republics may see fit to celebrate the opening of the Panama Canal. XV. Future conferences. Adopted by the committee on program, November 6, and approved by the govern- ing board of the International Bui-eau of the American Republics at the meeting of November 10, 1909. P. C. Knox, Chairman ex officio. Francisco J. Yanes, Secretary. REGULATIONS FOR THE FOURTH INTERNATIONAL AMERICAN CONFERENCE. The Personnel or the Conference. TEMPORARY PRESIDENT. Article 1. The secretary for foreign affairs of the Argentine Republic, or the person whom the chief executive may designate, shall preside at the opening session of the conference in the capacity of temporary president, and shall continue to preside as such until the permanent president is elected. OFFICIALS. Art. 2. There shall be a permanent president, who shall be elected by a ballot vote of the absolute majority of the delegates present, and a secretary general, who shall be a delegate appointed by the President of the Argentine Republic. In the first session there shall be settled by lot the numerical order of the delega- tions, for the purpose of establishing the order of precedence of their location and the order in which each is to supply the absence of the president. Wlien the delegation upon which it shall devolve to fix the presidency in a session consists of more than one member, it shall designate the delegate who is to perform the functions of vice president. PERMANENT PRESIDENT. Art. 3. The duties of the permanent president shall be: First. To preside at the meetings of the conference, contained in the order of the day. Second. To direct that each matter submitted to the conference be referred to the proper committee, unless by a vote of two-thirds of the delegates then present it shall be decided to proceed to its immediate consideration. Third. To concede tlie floor to the delegates in the order in which they may have requested it. Fourth. To decide all questions of order raised during the debates of the conference. Nevertheless, if any delegate shall so request, the ruling made by the chair shall be submitted to the conference for decision. FOURTH IlsrTEBNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN STATES. 33 Fifth. To call for votes and to announce the result of the vote to the conference, as provided for by article 15. Sixth. To announce to the conference, through the secretary, at the close of each meeting the business to be discussed in the following meeting. But the conference may make such changes as it may deem advisable, either as regards the time of the meeting or as to the order in which the impending business shall be discussed. Seventh. To direct the secretary, after the approval of the minutes, to lay before the conference such matters as may have been presented since the last meeting. Eighth. To prescribe all necessary measures for the maintenance of order and strict compliance with the regulations. Art. 4. The duties of the vice presidents are: To act as substitute for the president in accordance with article 2. SECRETARY GENERAL. Art. 5. The duties of the secretary general are: First. To have under his charge all the secretaries, interpreters, and other em- ployees whom the Argentine Government may appoint for service with the confer- ence and to organize their respective duties. Second. To receive, distribute, and answer the official correspondence of the con- ference, in conformity with the resolutions of that body. Third. To prepare, or cause to be prepared, the minutes of the meeting in con- formity with the notes the secretaries shall furnish him, and to see that such minutes are printed and distributed among the delegates. Fourth. To revise the translations made by the interpreters of the conference. Fifth. To distribute among the committees the matters to be reported by them and to place at the disposal of the said committees everything that may be necessary for the discharge of their duties. Sixth. To prepare the order of the day in conformity with the instructions of the president. Seventh. To be the intermediary between the delegations or their respective mem- bers in all matters relating to the conference and between the delegates and the Argen- tine authorities. COMMITTEES OF THE CONFERENCE. Art. 6.^ The Fourth American International Conference shall have the following committees: 1. To consider Subject I (program and credentials), five members. 2. To consider Subjects II, V, XIII, and XIV, seven members. 3. To consider Subject III, one member for each delegation. 4. To consider Subject IV, one member for each delegation. 5. To consider Subject VI, one member for each delegation. 6. To consider Subject VII, seven members. 7. To consider Subject VIII, one member for each delegation. 8. To consider Subject IX, seven members. 9. To consider an agi-eement between the American Republics relative to patents and trade-marks, seven members. 10. To consider an agreement between the American Republics relative to copy- right, and Subject XII, seven members. 11. To consider Subject XI, seven members. 12. To consider Subject XV, seven members. 13. Publication, five members. 14. General welfare, five members. Art. 7. The members of the conference committees shall be appointed by the per- manent president, subject to the approval, by a majority vote, of the delegations present. Art. 8. Delegates may attend the meetings of all committees and participate in their debates, but they shall have no right to vote. Meetings of the Conference. NUMBER of meetings. Art. 9. The first meeting shall take place at the time and place designated by the Government of the Argentine Republic, and the fmther sessions at such days and hours as the conference may determine. 1 Modified by resolution of the Fourth American International Conference at the session of July 14, 1910. 74034— S. Doc. 744, 61-3 3 34 FOURTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN STATES. QUORUM. Art. 10. To hold a meeting it is necessary that a majority of the nations attending the conference be represented by at least one of their delegates. READING OF THE MINUTES. Art. 11. At the opening of the meeting the secretary shall read the minutes of the preceding meeting, unless dispensed with. Notes shall be taken of any remarks the president or any of the delegates may make thereon, and approval of the minutes shall be in order. order of debate and votes. Art. 12. When the president shall have submitted for discussion the subjects con- tained in the order of the day, the conference shall first discuss them in a general way, and those approved shall be the object of a second discussion in detail, taking up one by one the articles contained in the project under discussion. Art. 13. The conference may, by a two-thirds vote of the delegations present, sus- pend the rules and proceed to the immediate discussion of a motion, which shall at once be discussed in general and in detail . Art. 14. All proposed amendments shall be referred to the respective committee, unless the conference shall decide otherwise; and they will be put to vote before the article or motion the text of which they are intended to modify. Art. 15. The delegation of each Republic represented at the conference shall have but one vote, and the votes shall be taken separately by countries and shall be re- corded on the minutes. Votes, as a general rule, shall be taken orally, unless any delegate should request that they be taken in writing. In this case each delegation shall deposit in an urn a ballot containing the name of the nation which it represents and the sense in which the vote is cast. The secretary will read aloud these ballots and count the votes. Art. 16. The conference shall not proceed to vote on any resolution or motion relating to any of the subjects included in the program except when at least two- thirds of the nations attending the conference are represented by one or more delegates. Art. 17. Except in cases expressly indicated in these regulations, resolutions or motions under consideration by the conference are approved when they have ob- tained the affirmative vote of an absolute majority of the delegations represented by one or more of its members at the meeting where the vote is taken. The delegation which may have sent its vote to the Secretary shall be considered as present and represented at the meeting. Art. 18. When, by reason of absence or abstention, the vote of the conference shall not attain the majority as required by the two foregoing articles, the matter shall be submitted for further consideration at a subsequent meeting, on motion of any delega- tion. But should such abstention continue at this meeting, the question shall then be decided by the majority of the delegations present. RIGHTS and duties OF MEMBERS. Art. 19. Delegates may speak in their own language, from manuscript or otherwise, and upon the termination of any speech either the delegate or one of the interpreters of the conference shall, upon request of any one delegation, at once render orally a synopsis of the principal points of the speech in the languages that such delegation may suggest. This shall also apply to the remarks of the president and of the secretary. Art. 20. No delegation may, through any of its members, speak more than twice on the same subject, nor shall any delegation occupy the floor for more than 30 minutes at a time. Any delegate, however, shall have the right to speak for no more than five minutes upon a question of order, or to answer any personal allusions, or to explain Ms vote, and the author of a motion may speak once more, not exceeding 30 minutes. Art. 21. Any delegate may submit to the conference his written opinion upon the matter or point in debate, and may request that it be spread upon the minutes of the meeting in which it has been submitted. Likewise, any delegation that may not be present at the time a vote is taken may write down its vote and leave it with or send it to the secretary and at the time of canvassing the votes such votes shall be reckoned as if the delegation were present. Art. 22. Attendance at the deliberations of the conference shall be confined to the following: The delegates with their respective secretaries and attaches; the director or other accredited representative of the International Bureau of the American Republics and his secretary; the secretaries of the sessions; the interpreters and stenographers FOURTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN STATES. 35 of the conference; such representatives of the press as are properly accredited and are approved by the committee on organization, and the authorized attendants; provided, however, that the conference may, by a majority vote, extend the courtesies of the conference to such persons as it may at any time designate. Whenever any delegation may request that a meeting go into executive or secret session, the motion shall immediately be put and voted upon without discussion. If the motion be carried the representatives of the press will at once withdraw, and all persons present will be enjoined to absolute secrecy as regards the business transacted at the meeting. At the close of each session, proper communication of the proceedings shall be made to the press, when desirable, by the secretary general, who will act in this duty under the general guidance of the committee on publications. RESOLUTIONS AND REPORTS THEREON. Art. 23. The reports of the committees and the resolutions to which they refer shall be printed in Spanish, Portuguese, English, and French, and shall be distributed at the next following meeting to the delegates for their consideration, but shall not be submitted for discussion until the next meeting after they were distributed in print, at least in Spanish and English. AMENDMENTS TO THE PROGRAM. Art. 24. The deliberations of the conference shall be confined to such subjects as are contained in the program, except when by a vote of two-thirds of the delegations the conference decides to take into consideration a new matter submitted by one delegation and seconded by another. A motion to take into consideration a new subject shall be decided without debate. NUMBER OF MEETINGS. Art. 25. The number of the meetings of the conference shall not exceed 30. This limit, however, may be extended in case of a matter of vital importance and by the vote of two-thirds of the delegations present at the conference. The closing meeting shall take place as soon as all the subjects in the program may have been discussed ; but in any case it shall take place on the 1st of September at latest. printing op the minutes. Art. 26. The minutes approved by the conference shall be signed by the president and the secretary general. They shall be printed in Spanish, English, Portuguese, and French, in pages of two columns, and a sufficient number of copies shall be issued so that each delegate may receive four copies. The original minutes shall be preserved in the archives of the International Bureau of the American Republics at least in Spanish and English. SIGNATURE OF THE FINAL MINUTES. Art. 27. The day before the closing of the conference shall be devoted to the dis- cussion and approval of the minutes written and printed in Spanish, English, Portu- guese, and French, containing the resolutions or recommendations discussed and approved by the conference. The original records shall be signed by the delegations, and the Government of the Argentine Republic will send within 90 days after the actual adjournment of the conference a certified copy of such records to each of the Governments represented at the conference and to the International Bureau of the American Republics. AMENDMENTS TO THE REGULATIONS. Art. 28. The foregoing rules shall be transmitted to the respective Governments immediately after their adoption by the governing board of the International Bureau of the American Republics, and they shall govern the action of the conference unless and until altered, amended, or repealed by the conference itself by a two-thirds vote. Motions for this purpose shall be submitted without debate. Adopted by the committee on regulations Monday, May 9, and by the governing board of the International Bureau of the American Republics at the meeting of May 13, 1910. P. C. Knox, Chairman ex Officio. Francisco J. Yanes, Secretary. APPENDIX B, INSTRUCTIONS TO THE DELEGATES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA TO THE FOURTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF AMER- ICAN STATES. Sirs: The President said in his last annual message to the Congress: "On the 9th of July next there will open at Buenos Aires the Fourth Pan-American Conference. This conference will have a special meaning to the hearts of all Ameri- cans, because around its date are clustered the anniversaries of the independence of 80 many of the American Republics. It is not necessary for me to remind the Congress of the political, social, and commercial importance of these gatherings. * * * It is my purpose to appoint a distinguished and representative delegation, qualified fittingly to represent this country and to deal with the problems of inter- continental interest which will there be discussed." Among the foreign relations of the United States as they fall into categories, the Pan-American policy takes first place in our diplomacy. In quoting what the Presi- ■dent has said, I can not too strongly impress upon you your Government's apprecia- tion of the importance of the occasion or its sense of the responsibility of the service which you have undertaken in accepting appointment to represent this American Government and people at a great gathering of the countries of half a world. I desired you to report at the department at this time in order that you might have two weeks for study and consultation with the officials of the department in prepara- tion for your work at the conference. That work will, of course, be confined to the program and to such relevant matters as may properly come up, under the rules of the conference, for discussion, and has nothing to do with other subjects of diplo- matic discussion, which are in the exclusive charge of the diplomatic ser\dce. Never- theless, there is hardly a phase of the conference more important than its opportunity for the representatives of one Republic to come into intellectual and sympathetic contact with those of the others. _ Through such contact of men typical of the best feeling and thought of all the Repub- lics, the American peoples gradually grow to know one another, and by this sure process of mutual understanding and appreciation are built solid international friend- ships founded in justice, respect, good will, and tolerance. Hence, it is of para- mount importance that this delegation truly reflect the sentiments and ideas of the ■Government of the United States in its Pan-American diplomacy. I therefore desire you, while at the department, to give your studious attention not only to your actual prospective work at the conference, but also to the task of becoming imbued with the spirit which animates the American policy of the United States, so that the tone of your whole attitude and action shall be in harmony with that policy. To this end the delegation should, so far as possible, have some general understand- ing of the conditions in each country and some appreciation of the signal achieve- ments of each nation in ideals, in government, in science, and in material advancement. The American peoples differ in race and language, and in literary and aesthetic inheritances. They have a common ground in their republican form of government, their love of liberty, in the acquisition of their independence and the history of their progress, and in their emerging through civil strife and their peopling and developing of huge and wild lands into orderly modern States. They are bound together also by a community of interest, and by the ties of mutual helpfulness, both moral and material, and of a common destiny. For reasons indicated above I shall embody in these instructions, merely as suggest- ive, some comment upon recent American relations. But first I shall undertake some discussion of the program of the conference. The Third International American Conference, held in Rio de Janeiro in 1906, adopted the following resolution: "The governing board of the International Bureau of American Republics is author- ized to designate the place at which the Fourth International Conference shall meet, which meeting shall be within the next five years; to provide for the drafting of the program and regulations, and to take into consideration all other necessary details." 36 rOUBTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OP AMERICAN STATES. 37 The governing board of the Bureau of American Republics, exercising the authority thus conferred upon it, fixed Buenos Aires as the place, and July 9, 1910, as the date of the conference, and adopted a program of subjects for consideration. The respec- tive Governments, by indicating their intention to take part and by naming delegates, approved this action of their diplomatic representatives in Washington. It is unlikely that the conference will undertake to enlarge the program, since it was framed after most careful consideration, and the subjects omitted include such as in the judgment of the members of the governing board would tend to excite useless controversy, thus endangering the success of the present conference and militating against that of future ones. For example, the governing board did not appear to think it advisable that discus- sion should be renewed as to whether a voluntary conference for general purposes ought to assert competence to impose upon any State the arbitral settlement of one or another particular dispute of long standing, such as there still exist, happily, only very few among the American Republics. Such arbitrations are the logical result of the occasional failure of direct negotiations, but The Hague conventions and the various bilateral arbitration treaties seem to express the most advanced position yet taken by the nations in cases where they do not spontaneously resort to arbitration simply as the sensible and enlightened alternative to force. Hence, evidently, the governing board's omission of arbitration from the program. Should occasion arise you would oppose propositions looking to the assertion of such competence on the part of the I' conference. i The same considerations apply to any formal demand by the conference for con- ventions of general compulsory arbitration, or even any declarations as to the proper methods of enforcing acceptance of boundary awards, since these might at this junc- ture be regarded by some States as efforts to put them at an unfair disadvantage in the adjustment of pending disputes. In your informal conversations with the delegates from other countries you will maintain such an attitude as will give rise to no suspicion of partiality or of a desire to use the present conference to affect concrete cases. As is well known, this Government now as always earnestly advocates the general principle of pacific settlement of international disputes, and it believes that this is also the policy of all the countries participating in this conference, but this conference would not seem an opportune occasion for offering or entertaining definite propositions on the subject. This Government's general views as to the proper purposes of Pan-American con- ferences remain as set forth in the instructions to the United States delegates to the third conference, wherein they were thus expressed: "The true function of such a conference is to deal with matters of common interest which are not really subjects of controversy, but upon which comparison of views and friendly discussion may smooth away differences of detail, develop substantial agreement, and lead to cooperation along common lines for the attainment of objects which all really desire." I. The organization of the conference. This is the first subject on the program for the conference's consideration. The delegation of the United States should avoid being placed in a position of undue prominence in the selection of officers and committees. The system adopted by the third conference of having the more important committees composed of one repre- sentative from each Republic gave good results, facilitated the prompt dispatch of business, and avoided discussion of controversial matters in the plenary sessions. You will advocate its continuance, and in general the adoption of the rules that reg- ulated the Rio de Janeiro conference, as recommended with slight modifications by the governing board. There appears little doubt that these regulations, like the program, will be adopted, and as a practical method you should now anticipate this action and proceed to subdivide the probable work, each delegate specializing to some extent in order to qualify himself for useful service as a member of one or another committee. II. Commemoration of the Argentine national centenary and of the independence of the American Republics as suggested by the fact that many of those nations celebrate their national centenaries in 1910 and neighboring years. This Government takes the most lively interest in the appropriate commemoration of the Argentine national centenary and of the independence of the other American Republics whose national centenaries occur in 1910 and the following years. The suggestions and plans of the Republics primarily interested should receive most sym- pathetic support and you will cooperate with your colleagues from those countries in the measures that may be proposed by them. 38 FOURTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN STATES. III. Submission and consideration of the reports of each delegation as to the action of their respective Governments upon the resolutions and conventions of the third confer- ence held at Rio de Janeiro in July, 1906, including a report upon the results accom- plished by the Pan American committees and the consideration of the extension of their functions. The Governments of many of the countries participating in the conference have failed to ratify the four conventions recommended by the Rio conference. It is also possible that some ratifications have been made which have not been communicated or exchanged. You will endeavor discreetly to ascertain from your colleagues whether these failures to ratify have been due to real objections to the form or substances of the conventions, or only to difhculties and delays in procuring legislative approval. This information should be procured promptly on your arrival and it may afford you a basis for urging and aiding the securing, through the various members of the conference, of action by the Governments that have not yet ratified them. You will also advocate the adoption of a system of deposit of ratifications which will tend to facilitate their prompt exchange and enable the conventions to be proclaimed as well as a mode of adherence in case of nonsignatory governments. Several countries have not yet named the Pan-American committees recommended by the Rio conference. You will urge your colleagues to use their influence with then- respective Governments to establish such committees and advocate the enlargement of the functions of the Pan American committees to include cooperation with their Gov- ernments in the preparation of any reports called for by the Pan American Confer- ences and in the preparation of plans for future conferences, such as schemes for greater uniformity in census and other statistical schedules, for the more ready com- parison of educational, industrial, financial, economic, and social conditions. IV. Submission and consideration of the report of the Director of the International Bureau of the American Republics, together with consideration of the present organization and of recom,mendations for the possible extension and iviprovevient of its efficiency. Not a few of the resolutions of the last conference failed of any important results because of the paucity of the ratifications, because of the failure of the various Pan American committees to contribute information, because of the inability of the Pan American bureau to complete some huge task of collecting information, or from other cause. With reference to this item on the program you should study the origin and status of the International Union of American Republics and the bureau which is its office. The institution has grown in a somewhat haphazard manner and it now seems high time that its organization, status, and working should be clearly determined by con- vention between the Governments which are its component parts. Its permanency should thus be provided for and among various matters to be elucidated and brought in conformity with the growth of the institution is the need of a system of auditing of accounts on behalf of the Governments constituting the union. It is understood that the representative of the bureau will report to the conference upon all these matters. The delegation of the United States will cooperate, though its member of the ap- propriate committee, in the preparation of a satisfactory convention and will favor its adoption by the conference. V. Resolution expressing appreciation to Mr. Andrew Carnegie of his generous gift for the construction of the new building of the American Republics in Washington. The drafting of a resolution expressing to Mr. Andrew Carnegie appreciation of his generous gift for the construction of the new building of the American Republics in Washington will presumably be intrusted to the representatives of some of the Latin- American Republics. VI. Report on the progress which has been made on the Pan American Railivay since the Rio conference, and consideration of the possibility of cooperative action among the American Republics to secure the completion of the sy.siem. Very considerable progress has been made since the last conference in the projection, survey, and construction of railroads which will ultimately form part of the Pan Amer- ican Railway. The rapid economic progress of many of "the regions traversed, an in- creasing realization of the importance of neighborly commercial relations, and the recently aroused interest among the capitalists of this country in the opportunities for investment offered in Latin America are all factors which make the present a par- ticularly appropriate time for the conference to add a further \'igorous impulse toward the ultimate realization of the project. FOURTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN STATES. 39 VII. Consideration of the conditions under which the establishment of more rapid mail, passenger, and express steamship service between the American Republics can be secured. The improvement of mail and steamship facilities between the American Republics, and especially between the United States and the Latin-American Republics, is of the gravest import as affecting our present and future commercial relations with those countries. You will manifest the interest this Government feels in the subject and discuss the proposals of your colleagues. Various projects of law have been proposed or are now pending before the United States Congress, but uncertainty as to what will be done in regard thereto renders it inadvisable at the present time for you to present any definite proposals to the consideration of the conference. VIII. Consideration of measures which ivill lead to uniformity among the American Republics in consular documents and the technical requirements of customs regulations, and also in census and commercial statistics. The task of assembling the vast amount of detailed information which would be requisite to an exhaustive comparison of all the regulations of the different 21 Repub- lics, which the Third Conference delegated to the International Bureau of American Republics, not unnaturally proved impossible. In the view of this Government it would be more practicable again to present generally the project elaborated in con- nection with the First Conference, and seek by such means to make progress toward the elimination of vexatious hindrances to trade. In order to bring about the greatest freedom of commercial intercourse between the American Republics, it would seem highly desirable to take steps to remove such objectionable consular and customs regulations as may be found to interfere with the efforts of the citizens of each Republic to carry on business relations with the citizens of the others. A brief examination shows that the regulations of the Ameri- can Republics are widely different in character and must lead to confusion on the part of exporters and importers who must comply with them. Some of the regulations are so unduly exacting that exporters from the United States have been known to abandon the trade with a particular country rather than undergo the annoyance and delay necessary to meet the consular and customs requirements. It would seem, therefore, that one of the most important reforms to which the Fourth Pan American ■Conference could address itself would be the adoption of uniform regulations and fees for the ordinary consular and customs acts and documents. Nowhere is the lack of uniformity in the consular regulations of the American Re- publics better illustrated than in the fees prescribed for the consular certificates of invoices. It is recommended that each Republic be asked to join in a convention or in an agreement for executive action to fix a uniform fee of $2.50 gold for the certifi- cates of each invoice, including as many as four copies; provided, however, that for invoices the value of which does not exceed $100 the fee shall be 50 cents. This is in substantial accord with the agreement of the First Internationa] American Con- ference. Another object which might be accomplished to facilitate trade between the Re- publics would be an agreement by convention or otherwise upon a uniform invoice for all shipments from one Republic to another and a uniform method of consular certification. The recommendation of the First International American Conference, if adopted with slight modifications, would afford a very satisfactory solution of this question by causing to. be prescribed an invoice which should be made out in dupli- case, triplicate, or quadruplicate, in the language of the country of import and in the currency actually paid for the merchandise, which should also declare the contents and value of each package, state the quantities and values of the merchandise in figures and not in words, and be in other respects similar to the form now in use by the United States, which has been found to be highly satisfactory. In the interest of uniformity of statistics, as well as of the convenience of exporters, it would seem important that the consular certification of invoices should take place at the point where the merchandise is situated at the time of purchase, or, in other words, at the point from which it begins its journey to its ultimate destination; pro- vided, however, that where articles purchased in various places are forwarded to one point to be packed for shipment abroad the invoice may be certified by the consul at the place where such assembling and packing is done. It would also be desirable to have a uniform rule that if by reason of delay in the mails, or for other satisfactory causes, an invoice certified by a consul could not be produced, entry be allowed on a statement in the form of an invoice upon the execu- tion of a bond for the subsequent production of an invoice duly certified by the appro- priate consul. 40 FOURTH INTERNATIONAXi CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN STATES. There is a great, lack of uniformity among the regulations of the American Republics in respect to the certification of manifests of vessels and cargo, some Republics re- quiring certification and charging liberal fees therefor, and other Republics requiring no certification. For the convenience of exporters and masters of vessels, and with a view to the simplification of the regulations under which commerce may be carried on, it would seem desirable that uniform regulations and uniform fees be adopted in respect to manifests or that a regulation requiring no certification of manifests be agreed upon. The United States does not require consular certification of manifests. Inasmuch as nearly every country requires imported merchandise to be accom- panied by an invoice certified by a consul of that country stationed in the country of exportation of the merchandise, there would seem to be no strong reason for requir- ing consuls, in addition, to certify bills of lading covering such shipments; and an agreement to abolish the requirements for the consular certification of bills of lading, with the fees therefor, would seem to be another step that might properly be taken in the direction of removing obstacles in the way of perfect freedom of commercial inter- course. American merchants seeking to carry on business relations with some of the other American Republics have been put to much annoyance and expense by the enforce- ment of regulations imposing fines or penalties on account of technical and clerical errors in invoices. If an agreement could be reached, as recommended by the First International American Conference, to the effect that technical defects in the form of any document which has been duly authenticated before the consul of any of the countries should not in that country be deemed sufficient cause for the imposition of fines or penalties and that all other manifest clerical errors may be corrected after entry at the customhouse of the country without prejudice to the consignee or owner, com- mercial relations between the American Republics would be greatly facilitated. It is probable that this change could be made by executive action on the part of the several Republics. Hardly less important is the gathering and publishing of commercial statistics and making them, so far as possible, uniform. Present variances are so great, and com- mercial data are so interwoven with the varying tariff systems and trade customs of the 21 Republics, that progress must necessarily be slow. You will give carefiil attention to the memorandum on the subject prepared by Mr. Jacobson, expert of the Department of Commerce and Labor, and, so far as opportune, favor the taking of practical steps in the line of his recommendations. IX. Consideration of the recommendations of the Pan American sanitary congresses in regard to sanitary police and quarantine and of such additional recommendations as may tend to the elimination of preventable diseases. You will endeavor to procure from the conference a recommendation that the con- clusions of the Mexican and Costa Rican sanitary conferences be adopted by the respective countries. The recommendations on this subject contained in the instructions to the delegates to the third conference are reaffirmed for your guidance. The progress made in sewering and sanitation of the ports of the various Republics has been most admirable, and it may well be expected that in the not distant future the few remaining unsanitary ports will be likewise improved. The . difficulties appear to be mainly financial, the necessary expenditures in many cases exceeding current municipal reA-eniies. But it would seem to be an opportunity for foreign capital on a large scale to contribute to most excellent enterprises, and no doubt is felt that it can be interested. X. Consideration of a practicable arrangement between the American Republics covering patents, trade-marks, and copyrights. The advance in commercial morality of modern times is in no way better illustrated than in the feeling among all enlightened nations that the author and inventor should be protected in the enjoyment of the fruits of their labor, and the American Republics have frequently shown themselves fully alive to the duty of protecting, within their jurisdictions, rights in literary, artistic, and industrial property which have been, after due examination, established in other jurisdictions. The subject of the protection of patents, trade-marks, and copyrights was discussed at Montevideo, at Washington, at Mexico, and at Rio de Janeiro. The Third Pan American Conference adopted conventions which conserved in their entirety the con- ventions framed by the conference at the City of Mexico consolidating them into one convention and making certain other proAisions, such as that for the establishment of international bureaus at Havana and Rio de Janeiro. FOTJKTH INTEENATIONAX, CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN STATES. 41 The Rio de Janeiro convention was signed by thp delegates of the United States, but its careful analysis by the Patent Office revealed such serious defects that it was deemed inadvisable that it should be even laid before the Senate with a view to ratification. In the first place, the engrafting of new provisions upon a combination of the two Mexican conventions made it unduly complicated. It imposed the obligation to recognize foreign patents even if such had been granted without any examination. It imposed an obligation, both useless and impossible, under which a government issuing a great number of patents would have had to send full data to the other signatory governments. It would have been in conflict with the most advanced systems, and notably would have been inconsistent with the Paris Convention of 1883, the merits of which have been recognized by previous Pan American conferences. It will be one of your important duties to seek the adoption of suitable conventions to regularize the mutual protection of these classes of property among the American Republics. Having in view the extreme technicality of these subjects, the President has appointed Mr. Edward B. Moore, Commissioner of Patents, as expert attach^ to the delegation. Mr. Moore has prepared drafts of three conventions covering, respec- tively, patents, trade-marks, and copyrights, and their provisions appear to this Government admirably responsive to the needs of the situation. In your advocacy of the conventions you will be guided entirely by the advice of the Commissioner of Patents, and in their discussion you should point out that they are entirely in harmony with the International Convention adopted at Paris in 1883, emphasizing the fact that their adoption will greatly improve the position of the Republics concerned in the discussions at the meeting of the International Union for the Protection of Industrial Property, which is to be held in Washington in May, 1911, and to which all the Ameri- can Republics have been invited. XI. Consideration of the continuance of the treaties on pecuniary claims after their expiration. Inasmuch as The Hague general arbitration treaties which were adhered to by most American Republics in 1907 do not satisfactorily cover the subject, you will for your part urge the continuance of the treaties on pecuniary claims after their expiration, and, if any of the other countries of the conference should have special reasons for desiring to discontinue the Rio treaties you will seek to ascertain the reason for such action. This Government hopes that those countries which have thus far failed to ratify them may conclude to do so. XII. Consideration of a plan to promote the interchange of prof essors and students among the universities and academies of the American Republics. An interchange of professors and students among the universities and academies of the American Republics will undoubtedly promote mutual intellectual and social understanding and sympathy, and you will give your hearty support to any practical plan tending to this end which may be devised. XIII. Resolution in appreciation of the Pan-American Scientific Congress, held in San- tiago, Chile, December, 1908. You may support a resolution expressing appreciation of the valuable labors of the Pan-American Scientific Congress of Santiago. The delegates to that congress were active and efficient and it would seem appropriate that they should receive a justly deserved recognition at the hands of this conference. XIV. Resolution instructing the governing hoard of the International Bureau of the American Republics to consider and recommend the manner in which the American Republics may see fit to celebrate the opening of the Panama Canal. It seems very fitting that some such resolution should be passed whereby the govern- ing board would recommend the manner in which the other American Republics might join with the United States by participation in the celebration of the opening of the Panama Canal. The great benefits of easier intercourse and more convenient commerce the canal is expected to bestow upon all the Republics will doubtless engender great interest in such celebration. XV. Future conferences. Strong reasons have been advanced against holding the Pan-American conferences at short intervals. Fear has been expressed that the failure of important tangible results in the form of actual conventions ratified and put into operation might create 42 FOURTH INTERN ATIONALi CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN STATES. an impression of futility. Bearing in mind the extreme difficulty of agreement by 21 Republics, and feeling also that these conferences have a meaning and a moral effect outweighing their material results, the Government of the United States can hardly share this fear. However, the distances are great and the delegates have to be chosen from the ranks of busy men, and altogether I am persuaded that intervals of six years as a minimum would probably afford an appropriate frequency, unless, in this particular case, it should be deemed expedient that the next conference should synchronize with the celebration of the opening of the Panama Canal. After a year during which the relations of a number of the Republics have been at times under considerable strain, so many differences seem now either settled or well on the way toward settlement that one maj^ perhaps say without unjustifiable opti- mism that the time appears especially auspicious for the success of the Fourth Pan- American Conference. So far as the United States is concerned, I am very happy to assure you of the con- viction of this Government that its relations with the Republics of Latin America are upon a firmer foundation, perhaps, than ever before. This gratifying situation no doubt arises, to a great degree, from the fact that the very troubles of the past year have afforded opportunities for cooperation and for the expression, in action, of mutual confidence. When the relations of Peru and Bolivia were strained by the acrimony engendered by their boundary dispute, which had been submitted to the arbitration of the Gov- ernment of the Argentine Republic, the United States, while adhering to the policy of abstention from any undue mingling in the affairs of other countrie^'J had the opportunity to voice its confidence that the Governments immediately concerned , if left to themselves, would reach a solution satisfactory to the dignity and interests of each, and in a manner to do no injury to the great principle of arbitration. This belief was justified by events and later, through the action of the governing board of the Pan-American Union, the way was also smoothed in a manner whereby the Boliv- ian Government is to be represented at the conference. This action of the governing board has an importance in that it laid down a principle, in which this Government firmly believes, namely, that membership in the Pan-American Union entitles each Government to participate in the conferences irrespective of the existence of diplo- matic relations between it and the Government in whose capital the conference may be held — a principle which the Government of the Argentine Republic was the first to espouse. In response to the request of Costa Rica and of Panama, the good offices of the United States were extended to bring together the respective representatives who signed a convention under which the ancient boundary dispute between the two countries is to be referred to arbitration. Quite recently, when the armies of Peru and Ecuador had been mobilized and were reported to be in sight of each other, the Governments of the Argentine Republic and of the United States of Brazil joined this Government in offering their mediation, under The Hague conventions of 1899 and 1907 and in the name of Pan- Americanism, and it is sincerely hoped that this action will prove to have averted a war. The promptness and cordial unanimity of this tripartite movement for peace happily illus- trates the harmony and good will of the Governments concerned. Indeed, scarcely less important than the beneficent results which it is hoped has been accomplished is the fine example of these great powers working together for a high purpose — an example further signalized by the fact that the Government of Chile promptly came forward with the assurance of its valuable support, which is a powerful influence and an important contribution to the probable success of the efforts of the Governments which directly offered their mediation. This joint action is interesting also as giving to the American Republics the honor of first making actual avail of these most impor- tant provisions of The Hague conventions. Among the achievements in which this Government had not the honor of a part may be mentioned the following: There has recently been adjusted a boundary c[uestion between Peru and Brazil, and conventions have been signed between Argen- tina and Uruguay and between Brazil and Uruguay, with a happy effect Tipon the question of navigation in. tlie..River Plate, and, in the second case, upon a question of access to the sea from northern Uruguay tlirough Brazilian waterways. The geographical proximity of Central America, the frequency of trouble in the less fortunate of those Republics, and the relation to them of the United States as a moral party to the Washington conventions of 1907 have resulted in this Government's being, for a number of years, frequently called upon to exert its influence among those Republics. The present year has been no exception. As you are aware, there are now no diplomatic relations between the. United States and Nicaragua for the reason that this Government has not yet seen its way clear to recognize any Government as FOURTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN STATES. 43 in the possession and exercise of the governmental machinery of the whole country with the consent of the governed, as able and willing to discharge its international obligations, as capable of responding to a demand for indemnity for the murder of American citizens last winter, as determined to bend every effort to bring those guilty to justice wherever they may be, and as prepared to strengthen, for its pai't, and to abide by the Washington conventions. The policy of the United States toward Nicaragua was fully set forth in a letter addressed to the then charge d'affaires of the Government of Zelaya, who was handed his passports December 1, 1909. Although the situation in Nicaragua remains a regrettable one, that policy has already had the effect, at least, of freeing Nicaragua from a dictator who was the scourge of his own people and who disdained and trampled upon the rights and interests of all foreigners. In being compelled to take somewhat drastic action towai'd such a Government the United States well knew that its action would not be misconstrued by the progressive American Republics with stable Governments and high ideals, for such Governments know that to ask justice for our citizens and to refuse to tolerate and deal with mediaeval despots is only to be true to the civilization and institutions which they share. If this were not true, then Pan- Americanism would be a sham instead of a community of free and equal Governments, each worthy and demanding the respect of the others. I am, sirs, your obedient servant, P. C. Knox. Hon. Henry White, Chairman, Col. E. H. Crowder, Lewis Nixon, Esq., Hon. John Bassett Moore, Hon. Bernard Moses, Lamar C. Quintero, Esq., Prof. Paul S. Reinsch, Prof. David Kinley, Delegates of the United States of America to the Fourth International Conference of American States. APPENDIX C. ADDRESS OF DR. VICTORINO DE LA PLAZA AT THE OPENING SESSION, JULY 12, 1910. Gentlemen : Let my first words be those of sincere acknowledgment to your sev- eral countries and governments, in the name of the people and of the Government of Argentina, for the courtesy with which they have entered into the common desire by BO promptly sending their delegates to the place of meeting previously designated. At the same time let them be words of welcome to you all. You have arrived at an opportune moment, when Argentina, in the midst of gen- eral rejoicing on the occasion of her historic centenary, waited to hail your presence with the profound satisfaction with which she beholds you in this capital, so gen- erously selected by the Third Conference, held in Rio de Janeiro in 1906, for the meeting of this, the Fourth Conference, an act of deference to this country suggested by the commemoration of an event of great significance in the history of America, and the forerunner of an epoch of emancipation and liberty. These feelings are mutual because they coincide with the same aspirations, with the same ideals, that have constituted the permanent and uniform basis of democratic, representative, republican government in the whole of America from its northern boundaries to its most southern extreme ; and it is the common desire of all and of each of its several divisions that in them all there shall shine the light of civilization and liberty, and shall prevail sentiments of equality and justice, conducive to the well- being of their inhabitants. You inaugurate, therefore, gentlemen, your sessions and your labors under favor- able auspices, all the more favorable to your deliberations if you take into account that there is not, in the entire program formulated for this conference by the Inter- national Bureau at Washington, any question or problem whatever that turns upon interests or tendencies involving conflicts between the nations of any portion of either continent; and to this the consideration is to be added that, in view of the spirit of moderation and harmony now prevailing, there will not be the remotest occasion for any misunderstanding. Gradually we are coming to realize the positive advantages of these congresses, which represent the coming together of all the individual States of both Americas, to deliberate upon those subjects which, from their nature and their bearing upon the interest of each nation, are of common concern. Step by step, by progressive stages, we go forward without touching or diminishing in any degree, by the manifest solidarity of our acts and agreements, the autonomy and liberty of the participating States, because the foundation stone of these assem- blies is the maintenance of the sovereignty and independence of each nation. It is true that in not a few instances the deliberations and conventions approved by the conferences have not received on the part of the several States approbation, sanction, or execution, but these failures or delays are the contingencies to which this class of agreements is subject and they only serve to confirm in fact that which I have already said with reference to the inviolability of the sovereignty of the several States. I must here render due justice to the memory of the illustrious and renowned statesman, Mr. James G. Blaine, for having carried into effect in 1890, in his official capacity as Secretary of State for the Government at Washington, the first and memo- rable conference held in that city, and I cherish the conviction that as time goes on and the republics of America become more and more aware of the reciprocal benefits to be derived from these periodical assemblies, they will hold in ever higher appre- ciation the wisdom and foresight of that initiative. In this Fourth Conference you are to devote your attention to the consideration of a widely varied program of subjects, which, though perhaps on the whole not very numerous or complex, are, nevertheless, in their fundamental character, of practical importance, and you will do this ^vith the aim of facilitating and rendering uniform, in so far as this may be compatible with the interests of each nation, the 44 ■ FOUETH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN STATES. 45 formulas, means, and procedure to be observed in the dispatch and administration of important matters, in order to avoid expensive and unnecessary proceedings and delays. Under this aspect may be considered the subjects in No. VII, "Considera- tion of the conditions under which the establishment of more rapid mail, passenger, and express steamship service between the American Republics can be secured;" VIII, "Consideration of measures which will lead to uniformity among the American Republics in consular document and the technical requirements of customs regula- tions, and also in census and commercial statistics;" IX, "Considefation of the recom- mendations of the Pan American Sanitary Congresses in regard to sanitary police and quarantine and of such additional recommendations as may tend to the elimination of preventable diseases, " all of which, as will be understood, are of manifest utility. Such will also be the character of the subject contained in No. X, with reference to "patents, trade-marks, and intellectual and literary property," if there can be found adequate means to harmonize the various principles and methods which predominate in these mattei'S among the several States. It can not be doubted that Subject VI, "Report on the progress which has been made on the Pan American Railway since the Rio Conference, and consideration of the possibility of cooperative action among the American Republics to secure the completion of the system," is of the utmost importance among the subjects to be considered, since that railway would be the basis of mutual understanding, union, and commerce between the nations of both continents and the bond which would unite them all in the development of theii- industries and progress. This problem, as is well known, has passed beyond the region of improbability into that of feasibility, and there would appear to be good reason to hope that the conviction of its reciprocal advantages will convert it into a happy reality. But I ought not to indulge in these detailed observations upon that which, in its entirety, ■will constitute your program, and I therefore return to the general subject. It is a fact that both the initiation and the actual meeting of the Fii-st Congi-ess were looked upon with misgivings by the European nations in the supposition that it was proposed to stii* up local interests or sentiments tending to create certain barriers to the commercial and political relations of the two hemispheres; and it was believed that there was visible among its designs a coalescence with the Americanist tenden- cies of the Monroe doctrine. Nor were there lacking those who suspected that it was proposed to introduce a department in international law creating special principles for the peoples of America. Events and the upright procedure pursued in the successive conferences have, nevertheless, completely demonstrated the falsity of such imputations, and to-day, with due justice to the conduct of the American Republics, recognition is given to the great utility and positive advantages of these congi-esses, which, aside from the opportunity they afford for the elucidation of those matters of common interest which constitute the basis of their program, draw closer the bonds of union and friendship between nations, some of which are held together by their common origin and tradi- tions, while all of them are moved by aspii-ations toward the common ideal of liberty, civilization, and progi-ess. It would seem unnecessary to repeat, in this connection, what has already been said, namely, that the success of the congi-ess depends upon the conduct, compe- tency, and diligence of its members, since the eminent position, preparation, and culture of them all give the highest and most complete assurance of the wisdom of their deliberations. Permit me now to recall certain antecedents related to the world-wide economic importance of the countries summoned to take part in this conference. The eminent Secretary of State, Mr. Blaine, to whom I have already referred, at the opening of the first congress, set forth the principal data with reference to the nations assembled for deliberation in the follovring terms : "Their total area," he said, "amounts to, with but little difference, 12,000,000 of square miles, which is more than three times the entire area of Europe and only slightly less than the fourth part of the land surface of the globe. As to their pro- ductive efficiency, whether of articles indispensable to human life or of those meeting the demands of luxury, the level which corresponds to these countries is also very high, since the one and the other are furnished to them by nature in a larger pro- portion than elsewhere in the same world. These vast territories contain at this time approximately one hundred and twenty millions of inhabitants; and if populated in the same ratio or with the same degree of density as Em-opean countries their popu- lation would without difficulty exceed one thousand millions." Now, gentlemen, the most recent data shown by statistics demonstrate that these figures have changed greatly to the advantage of the peoples of America, displaying the surprising progress which year by year takes place among them, revealing a 46 FOURTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN STATES. tendency to development in a proportion not only never exceeded, but never equaled up to the present time by any other nations of the world. First of all, the number of states has been increased by the two new Republics of Cuba and Panama; their area has grown by the addition of that of Cuba, and their population represents at the present time a total of 160,000,000 inhabitants. As concerns their economic efficiency the fact is that the sum total of their exports, which constitute an exponent of the productive power of nations, amounts to about three thousand millions of dollars, while the grand total of their commerce, including exports and imports, shows the sum of about six thousand millions of dollars, of which a little more than one-half belongs tp the United States of America and the remainder to all the other Republics together. The statistical results just given, compared with the corresponding data concerning European states, including with them China, Japan, Russia, and Asiatic Turkey, as well as Canada, considered as British territory, give us a percentage for the American Republics of $18.90 gold exports per inhabitant, compared with $10.13 gold for the other States to which I refer, and of $33 gold per inhabitant in the general commerce of exports and imports, as compared with $22.20 gold for the other states. The data thus given show forth the rapid development which is taking place in the productive power of the peoples of America, who are going forward at this time, inspired happily by the most effective means of devoting themselves to the honest development of their industries and wealth, which are the basis of their prosperity. Fortunately all those frequent political conflicts which gave rise to such unfavor- able opinions concerning the capacity of the republics of Latin origin for self-govern- ment and well-ordered administration are passing away, and the very nations which formerly entertained so doubtful an opinion are now turning their eyes toward these new centers of production and wealth, whence there come so many and such varied resources for the maintenance of the industrial activity of the great manufacturing centers of the world, contributing to the cheapening and abundance of the means of subsistence. You will therefore, gentlemen, devote yourselves to the tasks committed to you with the conviction of the importance which our countries hold in the world's com- merce and with the aim to confirm by friendly association the antecedent conditions of harmony amongst all the peoples of both the American continents to draw them more closely together in their cooperation for mutual progress and happiness by extending to each other reciprocal advantages and mutual aid. Far from being the rivals of any other nation or portion whatever of the world, we may congratulate ourselves upon the fact that all our states have embedded in their constitutions the loftiest principles of civilization and of liberality toward all other nations and toward all well-intentioned men who may desire to reside in their terri- tories for the purpose of labor and subsistence under the protection guaranteed by their free institutions. It is pleasant, moreover, to call to mind on this occasion the new direction given to world-wide politics by the incorporation into the world's concert and councils at the last Hague Conference, on terms of equality with the great nations, the greater part of the American States of Latin origin, even those of least extent and population. It had come to be the inveterate custom of the powers to deliberate among them- selves on the destinies of incipient and weak nations, as if dealing with States or sovereignties possessing neither voice nor weight in the control and development of the rules, principles, and declarations inherent in human societies, recognized as indei)endent and sovereign in their international relations. This condition of precarious autonomy and liberty of action, and the constant danger of being subjugated or suffering the mutilation of their territory, would have continued among these weak States but for the wise and famous declarations of President Monroe, to which we ought to render due homage; and but for the constant action of other continental powers of somewhat greater strength in the defense of their territories and sovereignties as well as their declared intention to cooperate for the pro- tection of those States which were endowed with less strength and fewer means of self-defense. Nevertheless, although such declarations and precautions have been in practice efficacious for the maintenance of the integrity of those international entities, they could not have a like influence in establishing their importance or the share they ought to have in the councils of the nations, or in the development of the rules and prin- ciples and rights to which the nations, whether weak or strong, should be amenable and by which they would be protected in their reciprocal relations and in their inter- national conduct, in peace as well as in war, and in all those cases to which the law of nations is applicable. The continuance of such a state of things, though it might not be said to be due entirely to the abuse of power, was due, undoubtedly, to an abusive neglect, which FOUETH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN STATES. 47 was neither right nor proper as a matter of reason or of law, and which therefore could not be perpetuated without a violation of justice. It is true that the invitation to take part in the Hague Conference did not result from the spontaneous action of the powers, but from the initiative and insistence of the Government of the United States and of those of certain other important Republics of America, to whom is due the expression of sincere gratitude; but it is not therefore to be held as a fact less propitious or of less historical significance that the small States, up to that time held to be disqualified by their inferiority were thus admitted with the rank of sovereign States to take part in the elucidation and sanction of principles and resolutions which have been incorporated into public and private international law, and to which each State must hereafter adjust its rules and the conduct of its administration. This sanction and recognition of the rights of the weak not only coincides with the principles of sound reason and justice, as has been said, but it also raises the dignity of our nations, impels them to progress and places them in the pathway of moral and material improvement wherein they will contribute by their labor to the productions, the commerce and the prosperity of all . It is my privilege to state that it is undoubtedly the occasion of genuine satisfaction to see the increased number of delegates present in this congress, exceeding that of former congresses, and I can say with entire confidence that, if not all the Republics are represented, this is due to causes entirely foreign to the desire and action of the Argentine Government, which has, on its part, made every effort to secure their participation. Upon your action and your wisdom depend, gentlemen, from this time the success which we must all hope for from the labors of this conference, which are safely intrusted to the care of such distinguished representatives. Honorable delegates, in the name of His Excellency the President of the Republic, I now declare your sessions open. ADDRESS OF HON. HENRY WHITE, PRESIDENT OF THE DELEGATION FROM THE UNITED STATES. Your Excellency: Permit me to assure you of my high appreciation of the honor which has been conferred upon me, as chairman of the delegation of the United States of America, of responding to and thanking you for the eloquent oration with which you have welcomed to this magnificent capital the delegates of the Fourth Interna- tional Conference of American States and declared our sessions to have begun. It is deeply gratifying to be able to feel that the words of amity and fraternity to which you have given such appropriate and graceful utterance are to be received as an expression and faithful reflection of the spirit of harmony in which we have assem- bled and in which our deliberations will be conducted. We certainly are meeting this time in the midst of the commemorations of historic events the recollection of which must bring a thrill of pride to every American heart, and in respect to which the President of the United States, in his last annual message to Congress said: "This conference will have a special meaning to the hearts of all Americans, because around its date are clustered the anniversaries of the independence of so many of the American Republics." In the presence of those great transactions fraught with developments the beneficent effects of which become more and more apparent with the lapse of years, we are neither North Americans nor Central Americans nor South Americans — we are simply, one and all, Americans. From a common condition of colonial dependence we have all of us alike passed through the trying ordeal of a struggle for national existence; we have known the sacrifices incident to such a contest, and the uncertainties that attend and succeed it, and we have all alike rejoiced, as we do to-day, in the achieve- ment of an assured and vigorous national independence. Scarcely, however, had the movement for independence in Latin America reached a successful conclusion, when the permanency of the triumph seemed to be put in jeopardy by the concert of antagonistic and reactionary forces in other lands. It was then that President Monroe, animated with the spirit of American solidarity, and giving expression to the common interest and common ideals and aspirations of the American people, made to the world the celebrated declaration since known as the Monroe Doctrine, to which your excellency has so happily adverted. This doctrine, conceived in the broadest spirit of American brotherhood, was designed by its author to be, as it has since become, a general charter of liberty and independence to all the American nations, and in this sense it called forth an immediate and enthusiastic response, for not only did it lay down the principle that the extension of European 48 FOURTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN STATES. governmental and colonial systems to the American continent would not in future be permitted, but it also proclaimed in no uncertain terms that the American nations would henceforth be masters of their own destiny. It is very gratifying to the delegation of the United States to hear the touching tribute which your excellency has paid, and for which I beg leave to express our sincere appreciation and thanks to our great countryman, the late Mr. Blaine, for his part in bringing about the meeting of the First International American Conference. Those of us who knew Mr. Blaine well remember how deep and constant was his inter- est in the proceedings of that conference, and with what zest he labored for its success, and although various projects and resolutions in which it resulted may not have been eventually incorporated in formal treaties, yet its results and those of the two confer- ences which have succeeded it mark as a whole a great advance in American inter- national relations and in the relations of America with the rest of the world. We of this delegation do not doubt — and I am sure that such is the opinion also of all the other delegates here present — that the work of the present conference will, as your excellency has intimated, be conducted in a spirit of harmony and with a view to the largest possible measure of practical achievement. As is indicated by the pro- gram, the conference is charged with the duty of facilitating international intercourse by arrangements of common utility to the several States of this hemisphere. It is quite true, as your excellency has justly stated, that the initiation and meeting of the first conference were looked upon by certain European nations with suspicion if not with actual alarm; but I think we may congratulate ourselves that no such feeling exists in any part of the world with respect to the fourth conference which has assembled here to-day. It can not be too frequently affirmed that there is nothing in American solidarity and constantly increasing friendship to imperil the interests of the old countries from which the peoples of America derive their language, their- laws, and many ol their customs, or indeed the interests of any other countries in the world. On the con- trary, we, delegates from the countries here in conference assembled, hope and feel that the older nations will realize from our experiments in government and from American international solidarity that national aggrandizement and prosperity are to be attained far more readily by friendship than by war. We hope and feel also that whenever friendship between nations is based, as that of the American Republics is, upon a desire to promote the welfare of mankind and the advancement of order and justice, such friendship can not fail to be instrumental in the fmiherance of higher ideals and a potent factor in the dii^usion of the blessings of peace not only on this American continent of ours, but in other lands beyond the seas unto the uttermost parts of the earth. ADDRESS OP HON. ANTONIO BERMEJO, DELEGATE OF THE ARGENTINE REPUBLIC. Honorable Delegates: First of all I desire to express our acknowledgment of the honor which you have conferred upon the Argentine Republic in designating the president of her delegation to occupy this high office in this honorable conference and, in voicing the sentiments of the nations, I take pleasure in declaring to you that all of you are now in your own country and in your own home. Favored with the honor of having you as her guests, the city of Buenos Au-es will endeavor to make your stay agreeable to you, so that you yourselves, placing your hand upon the heart of the Argentine people, may perceive her ardent aspirations toward confraternity with the other nations and her persistent efforts to work out her own destiny among them, holding as the invariable rule of her international action the inspirations of justice and peace. The purpose which brings together in this hall the high representatives of America has been defined and made clear by the experience of preceding assemblies, setting aside under the dictates of prudence everything which might divide us, in order to seek those practical solutions which will direct them without stumbling to the security of that American solidarity to which we all aspire. It is easy, moreover, to recognize the influence of that saving thought that floats in the atmosphere of our century, which grows strong in the minds of statesmen, and moves upon the conscience of the nations. It teaches us that nations, as well as individuals, are called upon to constitute a juridical community, a society ruled exclusively by justice and by law. Relegated by the present to a distant past which will not be repeated in the future, those schemes for political confederations and defensive alliances wrought out in the FOURTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN STATES. 49 Congress of Panama, and in the assemblies which succeeded it down to the middle of the past century, have been substituted by a universal interchange profitable to all, and the distrust of those times there has succeeded a loyal recognition of the civilizing influence of Europe. As to the indisputable desirability of giving uniformity to the rules of international private law in order to decide such conflicts as arise from the diversity of legislation, this matter, which engaged the attention of the Congress of Jurists in Lima in 1867 and that of Montevideo in 1888, now awaits the execution of conventions already entered into. The committee of jurists which is about to meet in Rio de Janeiro, and future conferences, will also contribute to the more precise determination of the rules of international public law, contributing to the action of the universal peace congresses held at The Hague in which, with the participation of America, a permanent tribunal of arbitration has been organized, the usages and customs of war, as well as those of neutrality, have been regulated, while at the same time it has been proposed to organize an international prize court. The States of the New World, as has been well observed, constitute a numerous family composed of twentj^-one sisters. To this it may be added that, older or younger, great or small, strong or weak, their rights are the same; and in these conferences, which we may consider as family councils, it is proposed to establish among them a unity of thought and of aspirations, in order that their practical and economic rela- tions may be more cordial, their interests more harmonious, and their rights more completely guaranteed. As an expression of this American solidarity in its new and progressive outlook and in the broadening of the scope of its action, diplomatic conferences, such as ours, join hands with the scientific congresses held in Buenos Aires, Montevideo, Rio de Janeiro, and Santiago, Chile; with the medical congresses assembled in the same capital cities, and with the student congresses inaugurated in 1907 in Montevideo. All these contribute, each in its own sphere, to cause the countries represented in them to know each other better, to direct their efforts effectively to the easy removal of their difiiculties, and, what is more than all, to learn to love one another, for this is the law of nations as well as of individuals. Furthermore, the policy of cooperation on the part of the several American States, not directly interested in a given conflict, for the purpose of facilitating solutions which are all the more reasonable and just because friendly and conciliatory, in the use of procedure compatible with the sovereignty of the nations in question, will contribute effectively to the maintenance of peace, and, with peace, general prosperity. Gentlemen, I understand that I am to preside over a diplomatic assembly in which each nation reserves to itself the benefit of its own vote, because the decisions of the majority do not compel the minority. We have not come together to debate doc- trines or to verify suppositions, but to leave on record the measures which public opinion in general recommends in order to secure the well being of all. Although less brilliant than that of a scientific or parliamentary congress, the task of the Fourth International Conference will be no less beneficent and practical ; it will draw closer the bonds which unite the American Republics, will harmonize their interests and con- solidate international amity. Moved by such aspirations, we may be permitted to say that, after a recess we con- tinue, in the city of Buenos Aires, the sessions which were held in Rio de Janeiro in 1906, which followed those of Mexico of 1902, and in Mexico those which were so brilliantly inaugurated in Washington in 1889. I am sure that there will prevail in our deliberations the lofty spirit of mutual friend- ship and those conciliatory sentiments which controlled the former conierences, and, as concerns your president, permit him, in order to the faithful discharge of his duty, to invoke the revered memory of the lofty example of equanimity shown by the illustrious statesmen who have preceded me in this honorable task, James G. Blaine in Washington. Genaro Raigosa in Mexico, Joaquim Nabuco in Rio de Janeiro. Honorable delegates, the sessions of the American assembly now continue in the present conference in Buenos Aires. 74034— S. Doc. 744, 61-3 4 APPENDIX D ADDRESS OF DR. ANTONIO BERMEJO, PRESIDENT OF THE CONFERENCE, ON AUGUST 27, 1910. All the topics of the program of the Fourth International Pan American Conference have now been exhausted, and in inviting you to the act closing its sessions under direction of his excellency the minister of foreign affairs, I fulfill my duty in con- gratulating you upon the labor that has been performed, the spirit by which it has been animated, and the fruitful results that it is destined to produce. The program undoubtedly has been a limited one, and, it should be stated, wisely a limited one. It has comprehended topics of practical importance tending to bind countries that join one another but which do not carry on a reciprocal trade. In it there is nothing savoring purely of doctrinary or scientific interest, such as befits the institute of international law and the important features of which have been already codified in The Hague Congress. And should we seek the cause of the limitation we must indicate where the evil lies. Nobly engaged in the task of institutional organization, Latin America feels within its midst the agitation of grave problems of internal order upon the solution of which in turn depend still graver problems of international policy. The day will come, nevertheless, when, once internal peace has been assured along with the guaranty of all rights and liberties, and once American confraternity has been consolidated along with the prevalence of legal resources and the concentration of all interests, it will be possible to discuss openly the problems and doctrines that occupy the mind of the thoughtful and that agitate the mass of the people in regard to whatever concerns the community at large or in particular the relations of the States of America. Toward that goal these periodical conferences are impelling us, and as to the present one I may state that, in the debates carried on with such a breadth and abundance of knowledge in the meetings of the committees and in the deliberations of the plenary sessions as well, the delegations here assembled have displayed a most exalted spirit of conciliation and mutual concession by which all difficulties and divergences have been smoothed away. It could not be otherwise when one remarks the deferential consideration shown toward this Republic, and of which eloquent testimony has been given by the Govern- ments adhering to this conference in their appointment of delegations composed of representative persons versed in public affairs and inspired by the loftiest sentiments of harmony and cordiality. To this should be added the adoption of the most approved methods of parliamentary procedure, as they are observed in the diplomatic congresses of the world when bringing to the attention of the assembly proposals natiually elabo- rated by the aid of opinions freely uttered and mutually rectified and harmonized in the debates of the committees. And the practice in question may be regarded as established, not by precedent alone, but by the significance as well of these conferences. The problems affecting the interests of the States and possessing a scope not always foreseen and a complex nature, call for mutual and temporary concessions; to which should be added the circum- stance that in a juristic society in process of formation law must be worked out grad- ually and in a conciliatory fashion, that is to say, through a general interchange of ideas of men and of capital which constitute, as they do, the basis of present day civilization. Messrs. Delegates, if the preceding Pan American conferences have merited the prestige of illustrious statesmen like Blaine, Hay, and Root, respectively, the present one does justice to the lofty inspiration of its hongrary president, His Excellency the Secretary of State, Philander C. Knox. Owing to his deferent initiative, seconded by the other nations represented in the International Bureau, the first topic of the pro- gram is devoted to "the commemoration of the centenary of the Argentine Nation and the independence of the American Republics." ^n your part, recognizing the fact that commerce is the chief agency of international union, you have proposed the holding of a permanent exposition of the products of the soil and industry of America at large and the publication of an artistic work which 50 FOUETH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF AMERFCAN STATES. 51 shall reproduce facsimiles of the declarations of independence, a brief historical sketch, and the portraits of the heroes of emancipation. And it is fitting to recall at this tim.e that that emancipation, aside from a number of local circumstances, beholds its initial cause in the great movement of the English colonies of the north, in which George Washington was the fighting arm and the genius of action, Jefferson the power of mind that shaped the act of independence, the new Magna Charta of America, Chief Justice Marshall, its sapient organizer, who definitely modeled the most perfect organism that has ever been evolved from the human mird and which has illumined the path that leads to the determination of principles gov- erning the conduct of nations, as has been set forth with his acknowledged scientific authoritativeness, by our learned colleague, Mr. John Bassett Moore, in his commemo- ration in the State of Delaware of the centenary of the genial expounder of the Consti- tution. In this final session the delegation of the Argentine Republic wishes to give expres-. sion of its gratitude for the share taken by the delegations in the commemoration of its national festival after having made like demonstrations of homage to the anniversaries of Colombia, Peru, and Ecuador which coincide with the period of our deliberations. You have also rendered due homage to that apostle of peace, Mr. Andrew Carnegie, and to his generous efforts in behalf of universal progress, pointed out the advantages of scientific congresses like that of Santiago, Chile, and of Buenos Aires, and deter- mined upon the manner of celebrating the opening of the Panama Canal, the impor- tance of which for the world's commerce and the cause of peace undoubtedly will surpass that of the Suez Canal. This widening of the spirit of confraternity displayed in the celebration of a glory and progress common to the entire continent has been interrupted by manifestations of sorrow shared equally by all ; I refer to the expressions of condolence transmitted to Costa Rica for the calamity visited upon the city of Cartago, and to the Republic of Chile for the death of its illustrious President, His Excellency, Mr. Pedro Montt. In the solemn session held for this purpose it may be said that America at large bowed reverently before the remains of one of her favorite sons because, if indeed Mr. Montt was bqrn in Chile, his great heart belonged to the continent entire, having served, as he did, the cause of peace among all the nations of the New World. You have improved the organization of the Pan American Union by giving to its organic charter the solemnity of a convention so as to show, it would seem, that the effort of two decades has strengthened the solidarity of right and interest in the con- tinent entire. The honorable Dr. Knox has summed up in felicitous terms the great objects of the institution by observing that, thanks to its influence, the nations of Pan America would succeed from year to year in drawing more and more closely the bonds of good understanding and greater community of interests which join them; and Senator Root, who has left such pleasant recollections among us, has seen in the monument, destined to shelter it like a confession of faith, a pact of fraternal duties, a declaration of fidelity to an ideal ; the rule of universal public opinion condemning as an enemy to the happiness of the American Republics whatever by reason of a rebellious spirit or selfish ambition may arise to distrust the peace that should endure. Furthermore, the Pan American Union, not having been the result of a violation or of a preconceived idea of international policy, lives and will continue because it has arisen out of a general conviction of the benefits that it brings, and finds therein its greatest support. In this way one may understand why the sentiment of American solidarity throbs in the entire history of free America and why it has made its influence felt even in the midst of armed contentions that have disturbed the peace of the continent. It was the spirit that hovered over the chaos. As the surest means of attaining these results you have broached the study of meas- ures conducive to the increase of land and water communication as aided by uniform- ity in consular and customs regulations and commercial statistics. It has been remembered that, out of the 3,400 kilometric leagues separating Washington from Buenos Aires, less than one-third of that distance has yet to be covered ere the great work of the Pan American Railway will have been completed. It may be added that the railway in question, as well as river communication by the La Plata to the Orinoco, which is to be its complement, and the investigation of which was recommended in the conference at Mexico, will constitute eventually the chief arteries of circulation in the central portion of the continent. Following the same order of ideas in regard to the closer union of our peoples you have recommended the holding of a congress of American universities to promote university extension and other measures of intellectual cooperation and have made some provision at the same time for an interchange of professors and students. 52 FOURTH INTERNATIONAL, CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN STATES. In this regard I must observe that in the universities of this country will be heard for many years to come the pleasing echo of the eloquent lectures given in them by famous American professors, like Sherrill of the United States, Maiirtua of Peru, Cruchaga Tocornal and Alvarez of Chile, and Ramos Pedrueza of Mexico, harmonizing with that of the words of authority pronounced by the great masters of present day Bcience in Europe. So far as conventions and literary and industrial property are concerned, it must be acknowledged that you have taken a great step in legislating separately for each and in consecrating decisively a principle laid down by universal justice, through the provision that a recognition of property right secured in one State in accordance with its laws as fully effective in all the others without the necessity of observing any other formality, so long as there shall appear in the work some statement indicative of property right reserved. It is a positive consecration of the well-known aphorism; literary property is a kind of property through which the immanent sense of justice has prevented the spoliation of the noblest products of human effort. While not denying that the rule of reciprocity in benefits may be a decisive element in negotiations of a commercial character, it must be admitted that in the interchange of scientific, artistic, or literarj^ works the theory of the mercantile balance does hot apply, for the reason that a nation is always benefited by the diffusion of knowledge whatever be the origin of the work containing it. It only remains for me to allude to your important recommendations concerning the convention of Washington on sanitary police and the explanation of the conven- tions on pecuniary claims with respect to the only cases which are to be preceded by diplomatic negotiations. Messrs. Delegates. I have made then a synthesis of your work which is not to be sterile, and, in taking leave of you with the expression of my acknowledgment for the kindly considerations with which I have been honored, I beg that you will convey to the heart of the nations so worthily represented in this conference the good wishes of this people for their happiness and aggrandizement. Tell them that the Argentine nation longs for the day when America entire shall have finished her institutional evolution in the sense of forming "an indestructible union of indestructible states," as runs the phrase consecrated by the most authorita- tive Areopagus on earth. That it also may attain grandeur through the labor of her sons and the interchange of peace with all the other nations. ADDRESS OF SB,. EPIFANIO PORTELA, AUGUST 27, 1910. I am not going to make a speech; I am only going to say a few words in order to express thanks in my own name and in those of my coworkers in the ofiice of the secretary general, for the motion presented by my distinguished friend, Mr. Quesada, of the delegation of Cuba, and for the very kind Avords with which he has supported it. I do not know, gentlemen, whether the office of the secretary general has done everything necessary to make your labors easy and your stay in this capital agreeable, but I can assure you that at least everything possible has been done; such has been my endeavor; in order to respond to the honor shown by your Governments to our coun- try and to make you feel at home among us, which would temper the unavoidable homesickness with which you were bound to be affected on account of absence from your country, from your families, from your business, from everything that binds one to his native soil. I ought in my turn also to thank you profoundly for all the assistance which you have rendered to the office of the secretary general without which the accomplish- ment of your complex and difficult task, to which I have alluded, would not have been possible. And now, gentlemen, upon the very happy termination of your labors, I hope that you may take to your homes the best impressions of this land, and with them the beautiful vision which you leave among us of America, great in the expansion of its commerce; in its industries; its intellectual culture; strong in the close, the intimate solidarity of its moral, material, and political interests; and loved and respected because of its observance of right and its devotion to justice. APPENDIX E. ADDRESS OF DR. CARLOS RODRIGUEZ LARRETA, HONORARY PRESIDENT OF THE CONFERENCE, ON AUGUST 30, 1910. We have witnessed an exceptional event. Buenos Aires has seen America con- vened in this memorable assembly. No ceremony could have more worthily figured in the celebration of our first centennial, and the republics cf the continent could not have rendered greater homage to our independence nor have sent us their congratu- lations by more distinguished messengers. The future conferences will meet successively in the other capitals of America, and before they have completed their final circle and before the circuit close on Buenos Aires, gentlemen, about a century will have elapsed. Neither we, nor even our children, are to be seated again on benches such as these. Things sometimes are more lasting than human life against the destructive work of time; but it may also be that this very building, recently completed, will have been replaced at that time by some edifice more vast and more sumptuous, which will better correspond to the immense capital of the second centennial. Only the past of your deliberations will remain indestructible; the minutes which will contain the thought of the Governments and of the best men of America con- cerning difficult problems; the treaties signed to draw nearer and develop the inter- ests; the harmony of twenty nations sprung into independent existence almost at the same time and under the same conditions; and, above all, gentlemen, you must permit me, on this occasion, to disclose the common feeling that there is an American spirit; that there is a continental spirit which could not be formed among the colonial and dispersed islands of Oceania, nor among the barbarous tribes of Africa, nor among the sovereignties of Asia, of which Japan alone has achieved incorporation into contemporaneous civilization, nor in Europe itself , our common mother, the civilizer of the world, which counts races by nations, and has not yet been able to completely obliterate its sectional antagonisms. But this peculiarity, gentlemen, imposes duties upon us which are correlative. We must establish a common friendship to protect ourselves reciprocally in the devel- opment of our material interests; we must respect the rights of all the republics and never exercise force except to the rule of justice; great or small we must not forget, either, that the acts of our Governments and of our political parties give prestige to or tarnish the name America. I recognize that along this path your conferences have made great strides and were always the significant expression of a high ideal of continental fraternity. If your programs are narrow, it is because they designate a neutral ground upon which with- outserious misunderstandings so many sovereign nations can meet; but, on the other hand, they are fully carried out, always marking thereby the gradual extension of our first victories. You, representatives of America, have worked for the better- ment of your antellectual, economic, and mercantile conditions. You have stimu- lated interchange of all sorts and OA'erlooked boundaries for many interests. You have consolidated the intellectual union by legislating wisely on the bureau of our Republics. You have fostered the study of national problems, and you have honored the labors of the scientific congresses. And if at times you interrupted your fruitful labors it has been to render homage to the American spirit, sending to the peoples, or to men, your word of encouragement, of gratitude, or of consolation. I certainly do not belittle the importance of the work done, if I allow myself to hope for the future, once international boundaries are established and the final ques- tions which separate certain countries of the continent are settled, that the programs of future conferences be enlarged, including all the problems of industry, commerce, resources, and labor; seeking how our railroads, how our rivers, how our great oceans may be converted into factors of a single progress and a single welfare in order that we 'may reach the common ideal of obtaining the happiness of our peoples and of lev- eling, also, as far as possible, the inequalities of fortune and history. I have said nothing on the principles of international law, because I do not believe that there is an American international law. I believe there is but one civilized 53 54 FOUETH INTERNATIONAL. CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN STATES. international law, and wince all the American Republics have been invited fo the conference of The Hague we ought, in my judgment, treat these questions with the other nations of the earth; but I again invoke the American sp>irit and I ask you: "Why should not the nations of this continent be the heralds and movers of that wish which echoes everywhere agitating the spirit of the popular masses in the great nations, the clamorous wish of universal peace?" The first Hague Conference produced the Convention for the Pacific Settlement of International Disputes, which created the committees of investigation and aided the procedure to establish scientific arbitration. Owing to this world-wide treaty — the first in the history of humanity — many grave difficulties that might have disturbed the peace of nations have disappeared in peaceful agreements. The second conference desired to solve two most important problems that would present a decisive step forward in the progress of international law — obligatory arbi- tration and the creation of a paramount court of justice. Both problems were solved in principle, but their application is delayed by difficulties which it is impossible to overcome. The agreement to formulate the rules of obligatory arbitration was only obtained on eight points and only had the votes of 32 nations. In the thi-ee States not voting and in the nine contrary votes, gentlemen, no American nation is numbered. The assembly, however, desired to obtain unanimity before adding this new triumph to the universal treaty of the first conference. The permanent court of justice which would haA^e had to apply the rules of oblig- atory arbitration was created under a convention which received unanimous approval, but it was not possible to find any system, accepted by all the nations, under which to organize the new tribunal. While some supported equality of representation for all countries, others desired to provide, by means of diplomatic procedure, a pro- portional representation in accordance with the influence which each country exer- cised in the world. The first theory gave the majority to the weak nations; the second gave it to the strong nations; irreconcilable ideas, and the establishment of the new permanent tribunal remained at a standstill. I have just stated the most important problems of contemporaneous international law. They mark; in my judgment, the only channel that can lead us to the judicial peace of the world. We shall reach it by that road or we shall not reach it at all, since I do not believe that the limitation of armaments is reconcilable with the natural conduct of nations. Peace can not come except from the sanction of universal laws, and the establishment of an international tribunal. And, therefore, in your exalted rostrum which has the continent for its auditorium, I solemnly pray that the natives of America, be it through their Governments, be it through the office of their republics in Washington, be it in a fifth conference, study the problems, seek the most appropriate solutions, and that united they sup- port them as a contribution to human happiness in the first conference thai may assemble at The Hague. Gentlemen, in this year the majority of our republics complete a century of inde- pendent life. We can now say, as in Washington, "America for humanity," because we are sovereign nations and the place we occupy in the world we owe to strength of our own arm and to our blood heroically shed . But let my last words be to send from here a message of acknowledgment to the great nation which initiated these con- ferences, which preceded us in the struggle for independence, which afforded us the example of a fruitful people organized as a republican nation, which on a day memorable in history said: "America for the Americans," and covered as it were with a shield the independence we had won. Gentlemen, I declare the Fourth International American Conference closed. ADDEESS OF DR. LUIS TOLEDO HERRARTE AT THE CLOSING SESSION OF THE CONGRESS, ATIGXIST, 1910. If the fourth international conference, which at this moment solemnly closes its session, had endeavored to show with those that preceded it and demonstrate in an irrefutable way the broad and friendly spirit in which all its acts have been per- formed, it could not have succeeded in doing so any better than to-day by desig- nating as representative of the honorable delegations who compose this august body the humble representative of one of the smallest countries of the continent, and signifying by such noble procedure that in this memorable love feast, offered to all America by the glorious Argentine Republic, all of us take part with equal right and identical responsibility, and that under the sumptuous roof of this building, which FOURTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN STATES. 55 has been our home, there is but one title which can and ought to resound, and that is the title of "Brother." To render thanks for the immense honor which through my person is bestowed upon the people and Government I represent and to the section of the New World to which I am proud to belong would be to belittle its magnitude and to endeavor to crystallize in words, always inadequate, sentiments and feelings which man has not yet learned to express. I confine myself, therefore, to saying to you all, "Thanks, my colleagues and companions." Conferences like the present respond to a very lofty aspiration; they are the magnifi- cent exponents of the grade of civilization and culture reached by humanity and they have in the history of the world of Columbus, connections, antecedents, and founda- tions which sanction them in an immutable and definite form. To the infinite as- pirations of the liberator, who, after having emancipated constellations of peoples, did not free himself from his ideals except upon the boundless bosom of death, did the initiative of the Congress of Panama belong, as did the generous, exalted and sym- pathetic action of one of the greatest and noblest of spirits which has breathed in this continent — that of Henry Clay, who could justly be called the father of the Pan Ameri- can idea, and this idea is one that, like all redemptionary and important ideas, has made its way_ in the world, and has had its precursors, its promoters, its martyrs, its apostles and its converts. To recall their names already anointed with the gratitude of peoples would expose me to the risk of making lamentable omissions, and therefore I limit myself to asking that this conference, the direct result of their efforts, should retain a thankful remembrance of the spirits of those illustrious dead and of the very eminent persons who happily for us still live, and who have struggled and suffered in order to plant the luxuriant tree from which we are beginning to gather already the ripened and most beneficial fruits. If the group which is the fatherland is nothing more than the extension of the family and the latter in its turn does not represent anything more than the multiplication of the individual in time and space, how can we help but comprehend that the tendency and aspiration for American fraternity are for us, the sons of the Western Hemisphere, the highest form of patriotism. Man grows fond of the crags, mountains, plains, and valleys in which his first years were sjjent, and he who studies ethnical and geograph- ical affinities becomes firmly attached to the portion of the globe in which he happens to be borne. America, if not created at least discovered by the gigantic enterprise of the hero of Genoa, arose, an immaculate, entire and pure virgin at the same his- toric moment, and although its fate has been different during the colonial period, un- derstood that in the future the destinies of its various sections were inseparably con- nected; finding the genuine expression of the sentiment intuitive, and therefore in- destructible in the formation of the Monroe Doctrine, interpreted in its broad and magnanimous spirit by the eminent Argentine statesman who to-day honors us with his presence and who by the just vote of his own fellow- citizens must very soon fill the supreme magistry of this privileged country. Much has been said in analyzing the ultimate result of the conferences, of the fears that their assembling might cause our common mother, Europe. Publicists, perhaps badly informed, may have been apprehensive that upon the assembling of the Ameri- can peoples in fraternal intercourse, we were about to forget what we owe to those civilizations so many centuries old; and to renounce, like ungrateful children, our origin, our country, and our blood. Happily nothing has occurred that might justify such pessimistic apprehensions; and with a calm spirit and dispassionate judgment, these periodical meetings are judged, it will be understood that, at the same time they benefit our peoples, assure peace, increase their welfare, render firm their credit, and extend their possibilities and energy, they influence in a decisive manner the harmonious development of the world, and therefore they affirm and draw closer the bonds which unite us with the countries of the Old World. All of which tends to better the conditions of living mankind in the world and in hastening his progressive development, broadens and augments the sum of happiness to which the race can aspire, constitutes a secure guaranty of its commercial expansion and of its future prospects, and guarantees by this means the growth and the power of the others, since the attainment of large properties rests more on the wealth and on the advance of the other bodies than on the properties themselves; and never on ruin or decadence or downfall of their rivals. Men inspired no doubt with excellent intentions, but dragged by the Pegasus of a generous Utopia have believed that they could save themselves at a given moment from deep abysses and that they could scale inaccessible heights, going so far as to Bay that conferences like the present have defrauded the hopes of the peoples and fallen far short of the desires that move humanity, in view of the limitation of the programs and the severe conciseness of the topics treated in them. Such a manner 56 FOURTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN STATES. of thinking involves no doubt broad and laudable views, but it implies at the same time a complete forgetfulness of what is fatal and irresistible in the laws that rule the world with regard to biological and social matters. If Linnteus attained his glory and Darwin his universal renov/n, proclaiming and proving that nature does not skip, we have shown by our action and our modest labor that we prefer to advance a centimeter upon solid and firm ground to launching ourselves like Icarus in the starry firmament and to fall like him with our wings broken and our illusions dead, upon the cold realities of the earth. A great man, who can not help being remem- bered during circumstances like the present, Senator Root, said upon inaugurating the monumental edifice that shelters the International Bureau of the American Republics, that the Pan American ideal had advanced slowly and surely, and that this itself proved its deepseatedness in the minds of the peoples and was an assurance of its success in the future. "Make haste slowly," said the ancients, our masters in everything, and to this wise and profound advice we have conformed in discharging the task commended to our zeal. I am not going to enter upon an analysis of the work done by this conference. After the brilliant scene and complete statement of it made by our venerated president, it would be a task as venturesome as it is unnecessary. At this point I would like only to recall that the statesmen and diplomats who, with the valuable cooperation of the illustrious Secretary of State of the United States, Philander C. Knox, formulated in Washington the program that has served as the basis for our deliberations had in mind especially the idea of strengthening and drawing closer the relations among the peoples of the hemisphere by creating a community of mterest among them; by increasing maritime communication; by assuring the existence of the Pan American Union, the importance and utility of which is shown by two decades of most meritorious and prolific labor; by preserving the health and life of the inhabitants of the New World through the adoption of proper and humane meas- ures, both hygienic and prophylactic; by guaranteeing artistic and literary prop- erty; by fixing the form in which our exchange of professors and students may be arranged so as to bring up men and generations fitted to the task of accomplishing what we unfortunately have not been able to do, and by fostering, in general, among the members of the great American family who think well of one another but who know one another very slightly the currents of solidarity, cohesion, and sympathy which have already brought with them as an immediate result, though never suffi- ciently appreciated, the knowledge that we have acquired and that has been obtained of us in this great and prosperous country. We have agreed, furthermore, upon the manner in which the opening of the Pan- ama Canal is to be celebrated, which, if due indeed to the persevering and herculean efforts of the great American people, represents for the world at large the beginning of a new era; it opens a broad and alluring haven to the nations of the continent, and to those of the central portion of it in particular; and by reason of its incalculable importance may only be compared with the discovery of America, that gave us mate- rial existence, and with the political emancipation that made us freemen at once responsible and conscious. Hand in hand with our friends we are seen, at once united and interjoined, inton- ing on memorable occasions hymns to the epic glories of the American Republics and mingling our tears with those which a destiny implacable and blind has drawn, for one reason or another, from the eyes of our brethren. The same spirit of kindly forbearance and brotherly concord has prevailed through- out our debates and discussions. Tourneys there were in which, as in medieval times, the champions embraced one another in knightly fashion before and after the combat, but never a poisonous encounter to leave a particle of rancor or bitterness in the heart. Divergent views and opinions could have been carried to extremes, but the circumstances simply prove that we move in an atmosphere of complete liberty and of absolute independence, and when, as is bound to occur, an agreement was reached and a conciliation effected, there were neither conquerors nor conquered, since both felt the same intimate satisfaction, the same consoling fruition. Here is the work that under the high and favorable auspices of the supreme gov- ernment of the Argentine Republic it has fallen to us to realize. It is not for me to judge or estimate it, but I think it proper to affirm without boasting that, on leaving for the last tim.e this room in which we have so often assembled, we can bear with us to our respective countries the satisfaction of having performed whatever lay within our power, thus fulfilling worthily the mandate with which we have been honored and, so far as we could, cooperating in the attainment of the ideals that are to assure the happiness of our children and the good fortune of the pleiades of peoples, alike republican and democratic, who make up the New World. FOURTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN STATES. 57 Ungrateful would it be if in concluding this oration I was not to render, in the name of my honorable colleagues, a heartfelt tribute of gratitude and acknowledgment to the Argentine Government, over which His Excellency Mr. .Tos6 Figueroa Alcorta so worthily presides, and to his eminent collaborators as well, for the constant and multiple favors that have been shown us; to the illustrious gentlemen of the preceding board who, by reason of their undeniably exquisite tactfulness and benevolence, were the prime factors in the success that has accompanied this congress; to all the author- ities of this marvelous capital for their courteous and kindly efforts in our behalf; and finally to the committee of most distinguished ladies, who with their many deeds of hospitality reminded us of the warmth and sweetness of our distant and beloved homes. Mr. Minister, a sentiment of most intense admiration has pervaded us when we behold the grandiose and incomparable manner in which the Argentine Republic has made known to the world and to history the progress and advancement which the blessings of peace and the stimulating action of right and justice, honorable labor, and wealth of soil have enabled it to attain within a century of autonomous and inde- pendent life; and in acknowledging and extolling most enthusiastically such won- drous results we lift oui* prayer to Providence that the future may have still greater triumphs in store for this noble people and that they may continue to be as they are now, the honor and glory of the I-atin race and the gem' of legitimate pride of their continental brethren. APPENDIX F. OFFICIALS AND DELEGATES OF THE FOURTH INTERNATIONAL CONFER- ENCE OF AMERICAN STATES. Honorary presidents of the conference. — Philander C. Knox, Secretary of State of the United States of America; Victorino de la Plaza/ Minister of Foreign Relations of the Argentine Republic . President of the conference. — Dr. Antonio Bermejo, delegate of the Argentine Republic. Secretary general. — Sr. Epifanio Portela, delegate of the Argentine Republic. Secretaries. — Dr. Arturo L. Dominguez, Dr. M. G. Sdnchez Sorondo. Director of the section of committees. — Sr. Julian E. Portela. Director of publications . — Dr. Rafael Alberto Palomeque. Interpreter. — Rev. Charles W. Drees. Chief translator . — Sr. W. R. Powers. Chief stenographer . — Sr. Tomds Jefferson Allen. International Bureau of the American Republics. — Sr. Francisco J. Ydnes. Delegations. united states of america. Mr. Henry AVhite. Col. Enoch H. Crowder. Mr. Lewis Nixon. Mr. John Bassett Moore. Mr. Bernard Moses. Mr. Lamar C. Quintero. Mr. Paul S. Reinsch. Mr. David Kinley. Mr. Edward B. Moore, expert attache. Mr. William R. Shepherd, principal secretary. Mr. Cabot Ward, secretary. Mr. W. T. S. Doyle, secretary. Mr. Sidney Y. Smith, treasurer. Miss Margaret M. Hanna, attache. Mr. W. P. Montgomery', attach^. ARQENTINE REPUBLIC. Sr. Eduardo L. Bidau. Sr. Manuel A. Montes de Oca. Sr. Carlos Rodriguez Larreta.^ Sr. Roque Saenz Pena. Sr. Carlos Salas. Sr. Jos6 A. Terry. Sr. Estanislao S. Zeballos. BRAZIL. Sr. Joaquim Murtinho. Sr. Domicio da Gama. Sr. Jos6 L. Almeida Nogueira. Sr. Olavo Bilac. Sr. Gastao da Cunha, Sr. Herculano de Freitas. Sr. Frederico Castello Branco Clark, secretary. Sr. Helio Lobo, secretary. Sr. Lafayette Pereira (filho), secretary. 1 On the resignation ol Dr. Plaza, Sr. Carlos Rodriguez Larreta, of the Argentine delegation, was appointed minister for foreign affairs, and thereby became honorary president of the conference. ' On the retirement of St. Victorino de la Plaza as minister for foreign affairs, Sr. Larreta succeeded hinii and thereby became honorary president of the conference. 58 rOURTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN STATES. 59 CHILE. Sr. Miguel Cruchaga Tocornal. Sr. Emilo Bello Codecido. Sr. Anlbal Cruz Diaz. Sr. Beltrdn Mathieu. Sr. Alejandro Alvarez, teclinical delegate. Sr. Julio Phillipi, counsellor. Sr. Enrique Balmaceda, secretary. Sr. Diego de Castro Orttizar, secretary. Sr. Fermfn Vergara, secretary. COLOMBIA. Sr. Roberto Anclzar. Sr. Pedro Sondereguer, secretary. COSTA RICA. Sr. Alfredo Volio. Sr. Pedro Yglesias, secretary. CUBA. Sr. Carlos Garcia V61ez. Sr. Rafael Montoro y Vald^s. Sr. Gonzalo de Quesada y Arostegui. Sr. Antonio Gonzalo P^rez. Sr. Jos6 M. Carbonell, delegate and secretary. Sr. Rafael Gutierrez, secretary. Sr. Jos6 F. Campillo, secretary. Sr. Rafael Caspar Montoro, attacb^. ■ , ] DOMINICAN REPUBLIC Sr. Am^rico Lugo. ECUADOR. Sr. Alejandro Cardenas. Sr. Anibal Viteri, secretary. Sr. Cat6n C^denas, attache. GUATEMALA. Sr. Luis Toledo Herrarte, delegate. Sr. Manuel Arroyo. Sr. Mario Estrada. Sr. Constantino Fouchard. HONDURAS. Sr. Luis Lazo Arriaga. MEXICO. Sr. Victoriano Salado Alvarez. Sr. Luis P^rez Verdia. Sr. Antonio Ramos Pedrueza. t Sr. Roberto Esteva Ruiz. I NICARAGUA. Sr. Manuel Perez Alonzo. Sr. Salvador Guerrero Montalban, secretary. Sr. Belisario Porras. Sr. Manuel de Obaldia, secretary. PARAGUAY. Sr. Jos6 Irala. Sr. Teodosio Gonzalez. Sr. Jos6 P. Montero. 60 FOURTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN STATES. Sr. Eugenio Larrabure y Undnue. Sr. Carlos Alvarez Calder6n. Sr. Jos6 Antonio de Lavalle y Pardo. Sr. Anlbal Maiirtua, secretary. Sr. Alfredo Alvarez Calder6n, secretary. Sr. Juan Bautista de Lavalle, secretary. Sr. Fernando Larrabure y Correa, attache. SALVADOR. Sr. Federico Mejia, Sr. Francisco Martinez Sudrez. URUGUAY. Sr. Gonzalo Ramirez. Sr. Carlos M. de Pena. Sr. Antonio M. Rodriguez. Sr. Juan Jos6 Amezaga, delegate and secretary. VENEZUELA. Sr. Manuel Diaz Rodriguez. Sr. C^sar Zumeta. Sr. Manuel F. Fernandez. APPENDIX e. COMMITTEES OF THE FOURTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN STATES. First Committee. subject i. — rules and credentials. [Five members.] Gen. Carlos Garcia V61ez (Cuba), chairman. Antonio Ramos Pedrueza (Mexico), secretary. Estanislao S. Zeballos (Argentina). Herculano de Freitas (Brazil). Beltrdn Mathieu (Chile). Second Committee. subjects ii, v, xiii, and xiv. commemoration op the independence of the american republics, etc. [Seven members.] Eugenio Larrabure y Undnue (Peru), chairman. C^sar Zumeta (Venezuela), secretary. Henry "White (United States of America). Emilio Bello Codecido (Chile). Roberto Ancizar (Colombia). Victoriano Salado Alvarez (Mexico). Teodosio Gonzalez (Paraguay). Third Committee. ^ subject ni. — reports and memorials submitted concerning the action of the governments on the resolutions of the third conference. [One member from each delegation.] Miguel Cruchaga Tocornal, chairman (Chile). Gonzalo de Quesada y Arostegui, secretary (Cuba). Henry White (United States of America). Manuel Augusto Montes de Oca (Argentina). Olavo Bilac (Brazil). Roberto Ancizar (Colombia). Alfredo Volio (Costa Rica). Americo Lugo (Dominican Republic). Alejandro Cardenas (Ecuador). Manuel Arroyo (Guatemala). Constantino Fouchard (Haiti). Luis Lazo Arriaga (Honduras). Luis Perez Verdia (Mexico). Manuel Perez Alonso (Nicaragua). Belisario Porras (Panama). Jos6 Montero (Paraguay). Eugenio Larrabure y Unanue (Peru). Francisco Martinez Suarez (Salvador). Carlos M. de Pena (Uruguay). Manuel Diaz Rodriguez (Venezuela). 61 62 FOURTH INTERNATIONAL. CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN STATES. Fourth Committee, subject iv. — report of the director of the international bureau of the american republics. [One member from each delegation.] Anfbal Cruz Diaz|(Chile), chairman. Antonio M. Rodriguez (Uruguay), secretary. Paul S. Reinsch (United States of America). Manuel Augusto Montes de Oca (Argentina). Gastao da Cunha (Brazil). Roberto Ancizar (Colombia). Alfredo Volio (Costa Rica). Carlos Garcia Velez (Cuba). Americo Lugo (Dominican Republic). Alejandro Cdrdenas (Ecuador). Luis Toledo Herrarte (Guatemala). (Constantino Fouchard (Haiti). Luis Lazo Arriaga (Honduras). Antonio Ramos Pedrueza (Mexico). Manuel P6rez Alonso (Nicaragua). Belisario Porras (Panama). Jos6 Montero (Paraguay). Carlos Alvarez Calderon (Peru). Federico Mejia (Salvador). C&ar Zumeta (Venezuela). Fifth Committee, subject vi. — pan american railway. rOne member from each, delegation.] Federico Mejia (Salvador), chairman. Juan Jose Amezaga (Uruguay), secretary. John Bassett Moore (United States). Estanislao S. Zeballos (Argentina). Herculano de Freitas (Brazil). Beltrdn Mathieu (Chile). Roberto Ancizar (Colombia). Alfredo Volio (Costa Rica). Antonio Gonzalo P6rez (Cuba). Americo Lugo (Dominican Republic), Alejandro Cardenas (Ecuador). Luis Toledo Herrarte (Guatemala). Constantino Fouchard (Haiti). Luis Lazo Arriaga (Honduras). Victoriano Salado Alvarez (Mexico), Manuel P6rez Alonso (Nicaragua). Belisario Porraa (Panama). Carlos Alvarez Calderon (Peru). C^sar Zumeta (Venezuela). Sixth Committee. subject vn. — steamship communication. [Seven members.] Lewis Nixon (United States of America), chairman. Jos4 Antonio de Lavalle y Pardo (Peru), secretary. Jose L. Almeida Nogueira (Brazil). Anlbal Cruz Diaz (Chile). Rafael Montoro y Valdes (Cuba). Victoriano Salado Alvarez (Mexico), Gonzalo Ramirez (Uruguay). FOURTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN STATES. 6 Seventh Committee. subject vin. — uniformity of consular documents, customs regulations, cen- sus and commercial statistics. [One member from each delegatioa.] Rafael Montoro y Vald^s (Cuba), chairman. Manuel Arroyo (Guatemala), secretary. Enoch H. Crowder (United States of America). Jose A. Terry ( Ar§;entina) . Herculano de Freitas (Brazil). Miguel Cruchaga Tocornal ('Chile). Roberto Ancizar (Colombia). Alfredo Volio (Costa Rica). Am^rico Lugo (Dominican Republic). Alejandro Cdrdenas (Ecuador). Constantino Fouchard (Haiti). Luis Lazo Arriaga (Honduras). Antonio Ramos Pedrueza (Mexico). Manuel P^rez Alonso (Nicaragua). Belisario Porras (Panama). Teodosio Gonzalez (Paraguay). Jose Antonio de Lavalle y Pardo (Peru). Francisco Martinez Su^rez (Salvador). Carlos M. de Pena (Uruguay). C6sar Zumeta (Venezuela). Eighth Committee. subject ix. — sanitary police. [A member from each delegation.] Carlos M. de Pena (Uruguay), chairman. Alejandro Alvarez (Chile), secretary. David Kinley (United States of America). Carlos Salas (Argentina). Jose L. Almeida No^ueira (Brazil). Roberto Ancizar (Colombia). Alfredo Volio (Costa Rica). Gonzalo de Quesada y Arostegui (Cuba). Americo Lugo (Dominican Republic). Alejandro Cardenas (Ecuador). Manuel Arroyo (Guatemala) . Constantino Fouchard (Haiti). Luis Perez Verdia (Mexico). Manuel P^rez Alonso (Nicaragua). Belisario Porras (Panama). Jose Montero (Paraguay). Francisco Martinez Suarez (Salvador). Manuel Diaz Rodriguez (Venezuela). Ninth Committee. subject x. — patents and trade-marks. [Seven members.] Antonio Ramos Pedrueza (Mexico), chairman. Antonio Gonzalo Perez (Cuba), secretary. Lamar Charles Quintero (United States of America) . Estanislao S. Zeballos (Argentina). Jos4 L. Almeida Nogueira (Brazil). EmUio Bello Codecido (Chile). Juan Jos^ Amezaga (Uruguay). Tenth Committee. FOR the STUDY OP A CONVENTION BETWEEN THE AMERICAN REPUBLICS CONCERNING INTELLECTUAL AND LITERARY PROPERTY AND SUBJECT XII. [Seven members.] Luis Perez Verdia (Mexico), chairman. Alfredo Volio (Costa Rica), secretary. Bernard Moses (United States of America). 64 FOURTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN STATES. Eduardo L. Bidau (Argentina). Olavo Bilac (Brazil). Alejandro Alvarez (Chile). Eugenio Larrabure y Unanue (Peru). Eleventh Committee. subject xi. — pecuniary claims. [Seven members.] Gonzalo Ramirez (Uruguay), chairman. Mario Estrada (Guatemala), secretary. John Bassett Moore (United States of America). Eduardo L. Bidau (Argentina). Gastao da Cunha (Brazil). Americo Lugo (Dominican Republic). Victoriano Salado Alvarez (Mexico). Twelfth Committee. subject XV. — FUTURE CONFERENCES. [One member from each delegation.] Victoriano Salado Alvarez (Mexico), chairman. Luis Lazo Airiaga (Hondiiras), secretary. Lamar Charles Quintero (United States of America). Manuel Augusto Montes de Oca (Argentina). Gastao da Cunha (Brazil). Anibal Cruz Diaz (Chile). Roberto Ancfzar (Colombia). Alfredo Volio (Costa Rica). Carlos Garcia Velez (Cuba). Americo Lugo (Dominican Republic). Alejandro Cardenas (Ecuador). Luis Toledo Herrarte (Guatemala). Constantino Fouchard (Haiti). Manuel Perez Alonso (Nicaragua). Belisario Porras (Panama). Jose Irala (Paraguay). Carlos Alvarez Calderon (Peru). Federico Mejia (Salvador). Antonio M. Rodriguez (Uruguay). Manuel Diaz Rodriguez (Venezuela). Thirteenth Committee. publications. [Five members.] Jose M. Caibonnell (Cuba), chairman. Luis Perez Verdia (Mexico), secretary. Paul Samuel Reinsch (United States of America). Carlos Rodriguez Larreta (Aruentina). Olavo Bilac '(Brazil). Fourteenth Committee. general welfare. [Five members.] Jose Antonio de Lavalle y Pardo (Peru), chaii'mau. Antonio M. Rodriguez (LTruguay), secretary. Bernard Moses (United States of America).; Domic io da Gama (Brazil). Bel tr^n Mathieu (Chile). APPENDIX H. REPORT OF THE DELEGATION OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA TO THE FOURTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN STATES, CONCERNING THE ACTION OF THE GOVERNMENT OF THE UNITED STATES UPON THE CONVENTIONS AND RESOLUTIONS OF THE THIRD CONFERENCE. Mr. President and honorable delegates: The delegation of the United States of America to the Fourth International Con- ference of American States has the honor to submit the following report of the action of the Government of the United States on the conventions and resolutions adopted at the Third Conference, held at Rio de Janeiro, July 21 to August 26, 1906. For convenience of reference the several conventions and resolutions herein referred to have been given numbers corresponding to the order in which those conventions and resolutions appear in the report of the delegates of the United States to the Third Conference. CONVENTIONS. I. The first convention concerns the establishment of the status of naturalized citi- zens who again take up their residence in the country of their origin. This conven- tion was approved by the Senate of the United States on January 13, 1908, was ratified by the President on January 16, 1908, and the instrument of ratification was deposited with the Government of Brazil on February 25, 1908. II. The second convention, which deals with pecuniary claims, was approved by the Senate of the United States on March 2, 1907, was ratified by the President on March 13, 1907, and the instrument of ratification was deposited with the Government of Brazil on April 23, 1907. _ III. In regard to the third convention, which relates to patents and inventions, drawings, and industrial models, trade-marks, and literary and artistic property, it may be stated that, owing to the great difficulty of harmonizing existing patent legis- lation and practice with the plan of this convention, no action thereon has been taken by the Government of the United States. This legislation and practice conform in all particulars to the treaty of Paris of 1883, to which the United States, Brazil, and the nations of Europe have adhered, and as the workings of that treaty have been satisfactory to all the signatory States, it is believed to be in the interest of all nations that any new conventions into which they may enter should be framed on similar lines, to the end that a system uniform and world wide in its operation may be estab- lished. IV. The fourth convention provides for the appointment of a commission of jurists to prepare a draft of a code of private international law and a draft of a code of public international law regulating the relations between the nations of America. This con- vention was approved by the Senate of the United States on February 3, 1908, was ratified by the President on February 8, 1908, and the instrument of ratification was deposited with the Government of Brazil on March 16, 1908. The Congress of the United States has made an appropriation for the expense of the representation of the United States on this commission. We may add that the United States has ratified the copyright convention adopted by the Second Conference held in Mexico in 1902; but, even with regard to this con- vention, the situation has recently been somewhat changed by the action of the copy- right congress held in Berlin in 1909, the proceedings of which have an important bearing upon any new international copyright measures that may now be in contem- plation. RESOLUTIONS. 1. Instructions in harmony with the first resolution, which was designed to advance the cause of international arbitration, were given by the Government of the United States to its representatives at the Second Peace Conference at The Hague. 2, 3, 5, 8, and 10. The second resolution, concerning the reorganization of the International Bureau of the American Republics; the third resolution, relating to the building for that bureau; the fifth resolution, dealing with the creation of a section of commerce, customs, and commercial statistics in that bureau; the eighth resolu- tion, concerning commercial relations, and the tenth resolution, dealing with natural 74034— S. Doc. 744, 61-3 5 65 /66 FOURTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN STATES. resources, are matters which properly fall within the scope of the detailed report to be presented by the Director of the Bureau to this conference, and on which his report is awaited. 4. In accordance with the fourth resolution, recommending the appointment by the various Governments of committees responsible to their respective ministers of foreign affairs, for the purpose of promoting the ratification of the various conventions and resolutions by their Governments, of collecting desirable information, and of exercising such other functions as the respective appointing Governments may deem proper, the Secretary of State of the United States, on February 21, 1908, appointed a committee, the present membership of which is as follows: Andrew Carnegie, Esq., delegate of the United States to the First International Conference of American States. The Hon. Stephen B. Elkins, a Senator. The Hon. James B. McCreary, formerly a Senator. The Hon. Charles B. Landis, formerly a Representative in Congress. The Hon. James L. Slayden, a Representative in Congress. The Hon. Robert Bacon, ambassador to France, formerly Secretary of State. Maj. Gen. George W. Davis, United States Army, retired. Dr. Benjamin Ide Wheeler, president of the University of California. Dr. Edmund J. James, president of the University of Illinois. Dr. L. S. Rowe, delegate of the United States to the Third International Conference of American States. Dr. Paul S. Reinsch, delegate of the United States to the Third International Con- ference of American States. William E. Curtis, Esq., formerly director of the International Bureau of the Ameri- can Republics. The Hon. John Barrett, director of the International Bureau of the American Repub- lics^ formerly envoy extraordinary and minister plenipotentiary, delegate of the United States to the Second International Conference of American States. The Hon. Henry G. Davis, formerly a Senator, delegate of the United States to the First and the Second International Conference of American States. The Hon. Henry White, chairman of the delegation of the United States to the pres- ent conference; formerly ambassador to France. This committee promptly effected its organization, and has since held frequent meetings in the city of Washington. It has put itself in communication with the com- mittees appointed by other governments for the promotion of the common purposes for which such committees were created, and has been helpful in securing the rati- fication of the conventions to which the Government of the United States has given its adherence as herein rejiorted. The committee has had under consideration the question of uniformity of census data, and has suggested that it would be advisable for all the countries of the Interna- tional Union of American Republics to establish a periodical census of population, and that this conference might well recommend for the purpose the appointment of an international census committee, which should have as its aim the taking of a census for all America in 1920. The committee, furthermore, has furnished the Department of State with reports on certain Pan American interests and relations and has supplied the Secretary of State with data for his use in making suggestions, as a member of the governing board of the International Bureau of the American Republics, for the program of the present conference. 6. As recommended in the sixth resolution, which concerns public debts, the Gov- ernment of the United States instructed its delegates to the Second Peace Conference at The Hague to bring to the attention of that conference the question of the compul- sory collection of public debts and pecuniary claims, and the conference adopted a convention for the limitation of the employment of force for the recovery of contract debts. 7. Oil the seventh resolution, which concerns the regulation of admission to the practice of the liberal professions, the Government of the United States, on account of the limitations imposed upon it by the Constitution, has not been able to take direct action. 9. As to the ninth resolution, the object of which was to assure the periodical assembling of the conference at short intervals, the Government of the United States views with approval the method embodied in this resolution, whereby the governing board of the International Bureau of the American Republics was authorized to designate the place of meeting, and, subject to the conditions fixed by the conference, the date thereof. 11. The Government of the United States has complied with the three recommenda- tions contained in the eleventh resolution, which relates to sanitary police, ha\ing been a signatory party to the convention of Washington, October 11, 1905, and since FOURTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN STATES. 67 that time having been represented at the sanitary conventions held in Mexico in 1907 and in Costa Rica in 1909. The United States, furthermore, has so perfected the sani- tation of its ports that all are now free from plague and fever. 12. The report of the special Pan American Railway committee on the subject- matter of the twelfth resolution, which concerns the Pan American Railway, is, by direction of the Secretary of State of the United States, herewith submitted to the honorable conference. 13. On the subject matter of the thirteenth resolation, no action has been taken by the Government of the United States on account of the fact that the conference on the coffee industry suggested by that resolution has not been convened. 14. In compliance with the fourteenth resolution, the Pan American committee of the United States considered the problems of fluctuations in exchange and a repoi't upon this subject was prepared under its direction. Receive, Mr. President and honorable delegates, the assurances of our most dis- tinguished consideration and highest respect. Henry White. E. H. Crowder. Lewis Nixon. J. B. Moore. Bernard Moses. L. C. Quintero. Paul S. Reinsch. David Kinley. July 12. 1910. REPORT OF THE ARGENTINE DELEGATION. His Excellency the President of the FoWth International American Conference: The delegation of the Argentine Republic to the Fourth International American Conference has the honor to submit the following report regarding the action of the Government of the Republic on the resolutions and conventions of the Third Con- ference, held at Rio de Janerio in Jaly, 1906. resolutions. I. The Argentine representatives in the Second Peace Conference at The Hague were authorized to adhere to the resolutions which might be adopted in the sense of promoting the adoption of the principle of arbitration. II. The Republic has organized the Pan-American committee to which resolution IV of the Third Conference refers. To that end and by decree of June 30, 1909, it organized said committee consisting of Drs. Mario Ruiz de los Llanos, Horacio Calderon, and Jacinto Cardenas, in order that they might move the approval of the resolutions adopted by the Third Conference and to furnish to the International Bureau of the American Republics all data which it might need for the preparation of its labors. III. The Argentine delegates to the Second Peace Conference at The Hague were authorized to consider the question of the compulsory collection of public debts and pecuniary claims, and they took part in the respective deliberations. IV. In the report which the Argentine delegation presented to the Third Conference, with respect to the part of the Republic in the construction of the Pan-American Railroad, the following statement was made: "That the extension to Quiaca of the railroad to Bolivia had already been con- tracted for by the Argentine Government; and the studies made of the Bolivian section, from La Quiaca to Tupiza, the completion of this section was indispensable and of great advantage." We have the satisfaction to state to the conference that the Government of the Republic has entirely finished the portion allotted it in the railroad program, the capital being connected with the northernmost boundary of the territory. V. The Republic has likewise complied with the recommendation made to the Governments that they should have prepared a study of the monetary system existing in each of the Republics, specified in resolution XIV, sending to the Bureau of the American Republics the respective data. conventions. Under date of May 16, 1907, the executive sent to the honorable congress a message relating to the convention on international law, signed at the Third Conference on August 23, 1906, requesting the approval of the following draft of a law: "Article 1. Let the convention signed at Rio de Janeiro, on August 23, 1906, by the delegates of the Argentine Republic and the other nations represented in the 68 FOURTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN STATES, Third International American Conference, for the constitution of an international board of jurists, composed of one representative from each State, for the purpose of preparing a draft of a code of private international law, which shall govern the relations between the nations of America, and whose first meeting shall presently take place at the city of Rio de Janeiro, be approved." (The other articles are formal.) This draft is still under consideration by the honorable congress. VII. As far as concerns the other conventions concluded at the Third Conference, they were sent to Congress under date of June 18, 1909, accompanied by the following message : " To the honorable Congress: "The executive has the honor to submit to your honor the conventions which I inclose in certified copy, and which were signed by your delegates at the Third Inter- national American CorSerence convened at Rio de Janerio. ' ' They are : "A convention fixing the status of naturalized citizens who again take up their residence in the country of their origin; "A convention on pecuniary claims; and "A convention on patents, designs, and industrial models, trade-marks and literary and artistic property. "Another convention adopted by the same conference, and relating to the meeting of a board of jurists charged with preparing the draft of codes of public and private international law, was already submitted for your approval under date of May 16, 1907, and since then has been pending your decision. The reason why that convention was sent you separately and prior to the others was because of the speed with which its fulfillment should have been accomplished in accordance with provisions, and the end for which it was destined. "The importance and propriety which these agreements have for the interests of the Republic and for the greater progi'ess of its relations with the countries of America, in consonance with the sentiments of fraternity which inspired said conference, will not escape your eminent sagacity. "Therefore, the executive refrains from entering upon considerations of this nature and refers to the report and pertinent inclosures of our delegation, copy inclosed, as well as to the other documents of the conference which the printed volume contains therein published and which is also inclosed. "In this sense, the executive asks of your honors that you may see fit to give your approval to said convention in the form of a draft of a law which he sends herewith." Of these conventions the one referring to the status of naturalized citizens who again take up then- residence in the country of their origin and the one referring to pecuniary claims have been approved by the chamber of deputies and await, in order to become laws, the final approval of the senate. So far as concerns the one relating to patents, trade-marks, and literary and artistic property, its approval has not been thought urgent because this point has been in- cluded in topic X of the program of the Fourth Conference. We greet your excellency with our distinguished consideration. Antonio Bermejo, President. Eduaedo L. Bidau. Manuel A. MoNTES DE Oca. Epipanio Portela. Carlos Rodriguez Larreta. Carlos Salas. Jose A. Terry. Estanislao S. Zeballos. REPORT OF THE DELEGATION OF BRAZIL. His Excellency the President of the Fourth International American Conference, Buenos Aires. Your Excellency: The delegation of Brazil has the honor to present to theFourth International American Conference the following report on the resolutions and con- ventions adopted by the Third Conference convened at Rio de Janeiro in July and August, 1906. The following were approved by the National Congress of Brazil: The resolution of August 23, 1906, on sanitary police (legislative decree No. 1864, January 9, 1908); FOUKTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OP AMERICAN STATES. 69 the convention of August 13, 1906, "Fixing the status of naturalized citizens who again take up their residence in the country of their origin " (legislative decree No. 2115, October 8, 1909); and the convention of August 23, 1906, "Recommending the meeting of an international commission of jurists at Rio de Janeiro in 1907, for the purpose of preparing a code of private international law and another of public inter- national law which should govern the juriltic relations between the countries of America." (Legislative decree No. 1834, of Decemebr 7, 1907.) The meeting of the international commission of jurists covered by the convention of August 23, 1906, was postponed until May 21, 1911. There still await the approbation of the National Congress of Brazil: The resolution of August 13, 1906, "Reorganization of the International Bureau of the American Republics"; the resolution of August 13, 1906, "Establishing in the departments for foreign affairs of the American countries special committees charged with the duty of promoting the approval of the resolutions of the international American conferences' ' ; the convention of August 13, 1906, "Pecuniary claims"; the resolution of August 22, 1906, "Practice of the liberal professions"; the convention of August 23, 1906, on "Trade-marks and literary and artistic property"; the resolutions of August 23, 1906, on "The Pan-American Railway"; and the resolution of August 23, 1906, "Urging the Governments to hold an international American conference at the city of Sao Paulo, Brazil, for the purpose of taking effective measures for the benefit of the coffee pro- ducers. " Concerning the matters relating to the resolutions of August 16 and 23, 1906 (Com- mercial Relations, Monetary System, and Sections of Commerce, Customs and Sta- tistics), the delegation of Brazil has the honor to present, as inclosures, for the con- sideration of the Fourth International American Conference, the following data, documents, reports, and publications: I. Development of the railroad system in Brazil up to June 30, 1910 (inclosure No. 1). » II. General movement of the mails of Brazil (inclosure No. 2) with copies of the postal regulations (inclosure No. 3). III. Telegraph systems of Brazil (inclosure No. 4) with the schedule of the stations of general delivery of telegrams (inclosure No. 5), and a graphic diagram of the receipts and expenses, number of telegrams, number of words, and length of telegraph lines (inclosure No. 6). IV. La Politique Mon^tiare du Brazil (inclosure No. 7), the report of Dr. Juan Pandia Calogeras; a study which the Third Conference in one of its resolutions recommended to the Governments of the American countries. V. Bulletin of commercial statistics of Brazil of 1908 and 1909 (inclosure No. 8). The delegation of Brazil has the honor to renew to your excellency, Mr. President of the Fourth International American Conference, the assurances of its most respectful consideration, DoMicio DA Gam A. Gastao da Cunha. Jose L. Almeida Nogueira. Olavo Bilac. Herculano de Freitas. Buenos Aires, July 14, 1910. REPORT OF THE DELEGATION OF CHILE. Messrs. Delegates to the Fourth International American Conference: Before entering upon a consideration of the matters relating to the fulfillment of Article III of the program of this conference, the delegation of Chile regards it as a primary and pleasing duty to renew to the Argentine Nation the testimonial already rendered by the high public authorities of Chile of appreciation for the transcendent fact in its patriotic annals which is commemorated in this present year. The most important political event of the nineteenth century undoubtedly was the emancipation of the American Continent, preceded, as it was, shortly before by the rise of the great Republic of the United States of America, the example of which was followed and its republican organization imitated by the nationalities estab- lished in the remainder of America. The second feature of the program under which the present Pan American Con-' ference begins its work has to do with the idea of commemorating what might be called the birth of the young American nationalities, by reason of the fact that this year sees the advent of their first centenary of independent life. 70 FOURTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN STATES. Taking into consideration the circumstance that the celebration of an historical fact of such culminating importance coincides with the meeting of this conference in the capital of the Argentine Republic, the delegation of Chile proposes, as a means of strengthening its recollection, the following resolution: "That by joint effort of all the nations represented in this conference there be erected in the city of Buenos Aires a Citable edifice for the permanent exhibition of the products and manufactures of all of them under the name of Pan American Exposition of Products." In compliance with what is agreed upon in Article III of the program, the delega- tion of Chile now proceeds to lay before the honorable assembly the views suggested by the principal conventions and resolutions adopted in the Third International American Conference at Rio Janeiro in the year 1906. The conventions and resolutions of Rio Janeiro have been ratified by Chile. The conference of Rio Janeiro recommended the establishment of special sections dependent upon the minister of foreign affairs, and charged among other functions with the duty of promoting the adoption of the agreements made in the Pan American conferences. In compliance with this resolution, the Government of Chile, by decree of December 31, 1906, appointed a committee composed of Messrs. Joaquin Walker Martinez, Luis Antonio Vergara, Emilio Bello Codecido, Adolfo Guerrero, Anselmo Hevia Riquelme, and Alejandro Alvarez. On August 28, 1907, this committee issued a report on the conventions of the con- ference in question and also on the resolutions which Avere of a nature to be sub- mitted to the approval of the National Congress. In this report, which is appended to the present treaties (Appendix A), these conventions are examined and the con- clusion is reached that all of them should be approved by the legislative power, to which also is recommended the approval of the resolutions concerning the treaty on the exercise of the liberal professions concluded in Mexico, and the sanitary conven- tion previously agreed upon in Washington. The assent of both branches of the National Congress having been obtained, the President of the Republic, in accordance with constitutional procedure, approved those conventions on the following dates: By law of June 17, 1909, the convention dealing with the exercise of the liberal professions; By law of June 28, 1909, the convention establishing the status of naturalized citizens who again take up their residence in the country of their origin; By law of the same date, the convention relating to pecuniary claims; By law of July 2, 1909, the convention relating to patents and inventions, drawings and industrial models, trade-marks, and literary and artistic property; By law of July 3, 1909, the convention relating to a codification of international law; By law of July 23, 1909, the sanitary convention; This delegation is pleased to inform the representatives of the countries meeting in this assembly that all the conventions which were made a subject of agreement in the conference at Rio de Janeiro, have been made a part of the legislation of the Republic of Chile. CODIFICATION OP INTERNATIONAL LAW. In the judgment of this delegation it is manifestly desirable that the convention be put into practice which, provides for the creation of a commission of jurists, to be composed of one representative from each of the signatory countries, which shall prepare the plan of a code of public international law and of a code of private inter- national law which may regulate the relations among the States of America. This convention has been approved by a number of States sufficiently large to produce results in accordance with article 3. On the other hand, taking into consideration the importance of this subject, the delegation deems it advisable to have the conference indicate the bases or general lines along Avhich the international commission should proceed in the performance of its duty. We believe that the attention of the codifying commission ought to be centered upon those matters on which the States of America have shown themselves to be in agreement or on which the commission thinks that such agreement would not be difficult to secure. The conventions signed in the previous conferences and the results of the Congress of Private International Law held at Montevideo both furnish useful antecedents in this respect. A similar basis is offered by the conventions and resolutions of the Em-opean international congresses in which the States of America have been represented or to which they have given their approval. Outside of the commonly accepted division of international law into public and private, a division which the aforesaid convention adopts in its provision for the FOURTH INTEENATIONAL CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN STATES. 71 preparation of a plan of a code for each of these two branches, the delegation of Chile believes that it would be unquestionably advantageous for the conference to arrange for a separate code justified by the special character of the international questions that affect the relations of the American Continent. One very marked distinction in fact may be observed between international ques- tions common to all civilized nations, which consequently possess a world application, and those questions which are peculiar to this continent, either because they arise in America alone or because they relate solely to the American countries. To the diversity of problems arising out of conditions peculiar to each is due the existence of this second group of relations of an American character, without implying in general any antagonism between such relations and those which are common to all nations or any opposition whatever to the growing solidarity of all the States. In the work of codification it would be desirable to give especial attention to these numerous questions of a purely American sort in order that they may be dealt with suitably on our Continent, the particular reason being that since they have not arisen in similar form in Europe they have not been considered by the publicists from that point of view and accordingly have not been made the subject of conventions between the States or of resolutions on the part of international congresses. As examples of questions of that nature we might mention those which have to do "with problems of immigration; the investment of European capital in America; con- tracts for colonization; concessions of national property and public works, especially to foreign syndicates; nationality; rights of foreigners; diplomatic claims, especially pecuniary claims; civil wars and the many questions connected with them, such as the recognition of belligerency, neutrality, the right of asylum ; the rights and duties of adjoning states in areas claimed by two or more States that have not carried the delimitation of their frontiers to that point; the responsibility of States in cases that have not yet been taken sufficiently into consideration by international law, such as the acts of nomad tribes or those done in regions which on account of their geographical conditions lack properly constituted authorities; sovereignty over polar regions, etc. Starting from the fundamental distinction that we have made, the delegation submits to the conference the idea of recommending to the codifying commission that, in addition to arranging the subject matter in accordance with the recognized division into public international law and private international law, it divide its work into the two groups, the one of world application and the other of American application such as we have mentioned. The subject matter having an American application would be made up into a plan which, after ha^dng been brought to the knowledge of the several Governments and having been examined by them could be presented with their respective observa- tions for the approval of the next Pan-American conference, in accordance with article 3, including articles 2 and 7 of the convention of Rio de Janeiro on international law. The subject matter having a universal character would be made up into a separate plan that would follow a like course. But in view of the world importance of such subject matter, it would be desirable to submit the aforesaid plan, in the name of the American States that might have approved it. to the next Hague conference, which probably will meet before the coming American conference. In this fashion the American nations would make known to that congress their desire of arriving at a more complete juristic regulation of international relations. In conclusion, the delegation of Chile has the honor of submitting to the consideration of the conference the following PROPOSAL. The Fourth International American Conference resolves: To confirm the convention agreed upon at the third conference of Rio de Janeiro relative to the codification of international law by means of a commission of jurists and believes that in the performance of its duties it should arrange its work on the following bases: (a) In addition to keeping separate the usual di-visions of the subject into public international law and private international law, it should also subdivide its work into matters of universal application and of American application; (6) The matters of American application would be made up into a plan which, after having been brought to the knowledge and attention of the governments, could be presented for the approval of the next Pan American conference in accordance with Article III, paragraphs 2 and 7 of the convention of Rio de Janeiro; (c) The matters of universal character would be made up into a separate project that would follow a like course and it would be presented in the name of the American States which might have approved it to the next conference at The Hague. 72 FOUKTH INTERNATIOIsTAL CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN STATES. PECUNIARY CLAIMS. Another of the conventions agreed to in Rio de Janeiro to which the delegation of Chile desires to call the attention of the conference, is that which deals with pecuniary claims. This subject, interesting in itself, is given a special place on the program, No. 11. This convention sets forth that the treaty on pecuniary claims, signed at Mexico on January 30, 1902, is to remain in force, with exception of Article III, which is sup- pressed, until December 31, 1912, for both the nations that have ratified it and for those which may hereafter ratify it. In its first article that treaty of Mexico states that the high contracting parties obligate themselves to submit to arbitration all pecuniary claims that may be presented by their respective citizens and which can not be settled amicably by the diplomatic medium, provided always that such claims are of sufficient importance to warrant the expense of arbitration. It is undoubtedly of great importance that the American States should duly regulate this matter which has given rise to so many conflicts on the Continent and which accordingly is of real American interest. The text of the first article of the Mexican convention above mentioned indicates the complex character of this subject. It comprises two principal points that may be set forth in the following terms: 1. When has a State the right to make a claim in behalf of its citizens? 2. What means are offered for the settlement of the question? The first point is by far the more important for the American States, understanding as they have done the necessity for determining it, and in fact they have made several conventions with European States or among themselves. It is not surprising that the international American conferences should have dealt especially with this matter. In its session of April 18, 1890, the first conference of this sort meeting in Washington made, contrary to the vote of the United States and with the abstention of Haiti, interesting declarations about the rights of foreigners. The Second Pan American Conference similarly believed it desirable to deal with this subject of the rights of foreigners. Taking as a basis a project presented by the delegation of Chile, and one from the delegations of Colombia, Ecuador, Venezuela, and the Central American Republics, the following convention was agreed to in Mexico on January 29, 1902, by all the delegations with the exception of that of the United States: "Art. 1. Aliens shall enjoy all civil rights pertaining to citizens, and make use thereof in the substance, form, or procedure, and in the recourses which result there- from, under exactly the same terms as the said citizens, except as may be otherwise provided by the constitution of each country. "Art. 2. The States do not owe to, nor recognize in favor of, foreigners, any obliga- tions or responsibilities other than those established by their constitutions and laws in favor of their citizens. "Therefore, the States are not responsible for damages sustained by aliens through acts of rebels or individuals, and in general, for damages originating from fortuitous causes of any kind, considering as such the acts of war, whether civil or national; except in the case of failure on the part of the constituted authorities to comply with their duties. "Art. 3. Whenever an alien shall have claims or complaints of a ci\dl, criminal, or administrative order against a State or its citizens, he shall present his claim to a competent court of the country, and such claims shall not be made, through diplo- matic channels, except in the cases where there shall have been, on the part of the court, a manifest denial of justice, or unusual delay, or evident violation of the prin- ciples of international law." The delegation of Chile believes that it would be advantageous to have the con- vention of Rio de Janeiro on pecuniary claims, which, as above mentioned, is to be in force until December 31, 1912, renewed for an indefinite period; and believing that it should be understood in accordance with the principles of international law sanc- tioned in the convention approved at Mexico on the rights of aliens, would be gratified also were this latter convention to be ratified by all the countries of America. international bureau of AMERICAN REPUBLICS. The last two conferences have given especial attention to the reorganization of the Bureau of the American Republics, which was founded by a resolution of the First Pan American Conference held in Washington. In the conference of Mexico a resolution was approved in which was laid down a plan of organization for the office on the fundamental basis of giving to it a truly inter- national character. Accordingly it is stated in Article I : "The International Bureau of the American Republics shall be under the manage- ment of a governing board which shall consist of the Secretary of State of the United FOURTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN STATES. 73 States of America, who shall be its chairman, and the diplomatic representatives of all the governments represented in the bureau, and accredited to the Government of the United States of America." One of the topics proposed in the program of the conference at Rio de Janeiro was that of reorganizing the International Bureau of American Republics on a more per- manent basis and of enlarging the sphere of its activity. Following out these ideas, the conference at Rio approved an important resolution in which are set forth with greater precision the functions intrusted to the bureau and insured its duration for a period of 10 years, which may be continued indefinitely by others of like length, and internal regulations were drawn up also for the manage- ment of the office force. The program of the fourth conference takes up similarly the study of the actual organization of the bureau and of the recommendations relative to the extension of the term of its operation and to the improvements which might be introduced in it. On this point, availing ourselves of the same purposes that have inspired the agree- ments of previous conferences, tending to give to the office of the Bureau of the Amer- ican Republics all the necessary stimulus for the realization of the beneficent work of drawmg the countries of America more closely together, we are of opinion that, apart from the duties intrusted to it by those agreements, it ought to serve in general as a bureau of information regarding the commercial relations of the Republics of North, Central, and South America among themselves, so as to promote the inter- change of their products and secure by these practical methods the creation of new and permanent bonds of friendship. As a corollary of this primary object, we believe that preferential attention should be given to examining the question of the establishment of new means of communica- tion among those countries, with the idea of making them easier, more rapid, regular, and freq^uent, as well as to the assurance in a practical and effective form of lines of international navigation which may befit these purposes on the basis of the lowest freight charges for the products of international American interchange and of the greatest rapidity in communication that may have as its object the stimulation and development of commercial relations between two o^ more countries of the continent. The delegation of Chile has observed with interest the establishment of the Inter- national Bureau in its new and sumptuous building, the construction of which is due in great part to the munificence of the American citizen, Mr. Andrew Carnegie, and it approves with pleasure the proposed resolution to testify to the gratitude of the American Republics. COMMERCIAL RELATIONS. Another of the resolutions adopted in Rio de Janeiro refers to the promotion of com- mercial relations among the countries of the continent. On this point the program of the fourth conference includes a study of the bases on which may be attained the establishment of a more rapid service of communication by steamer for the carrying of mail, passengers, and cargo among the American Republics. Up to this time the Government of Chile has not been informed whether the Gov- ernments represented at the fourth conference or the International Bureau of the American Republics have made any progress in this matter or laid down the bases in question. Accordingly this delegation confines itself to the expression in general form of its feeling in regard to this point on the program and to the declaration with the support of certain facts which prove it that the Government of Chile is disposed to cooperate in the improvement of maritime communication which may bind the Republic with the countries of North, Central, and South America. This delegation does not ignore or exclude in any way the valuable contingent which the fleets of Europe bring to our means of transportation. It understands, of course, the advantage of having the American countries provide simultaneously with the fleets of Europe for the interchanges by sea that may concern them by the natural means of theii* own merchant marine. And it thinks that this program may be realized only if certain American countries, those to which nature has given an extensive seacoast, give a vigorous impulse to the increase of their mer- chant fleets. Beyond doubt the opinion held by the people and the Government of Chile is that our general destiny is bound to the increase of the national merchant marine. For a number of years the Government has granted to Chilean maritime navigation the open protection of no small subsidies. By praiseworthy individual initiative there has been constituted a great navigation enterprise,^ the South American Steamship Co., which plies along the entire west coast of the Pacific as far as Panama, and which at one time carried the commercial flag of Chile as far as San Francisco. 74 FOUKTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN STATES. Accordingly there harf been established in the country a commercial fleet, the capacity of which in steam and sail, in vessels of more than a hundred tons, reached in the biennial period, 1907-8, 156,316 tons (Lloyd's Register). The tonnage of the United States in the same period was 4,511,928; of BrazG, 210,685; of the Argentine Republic, 130,071; of Uruguay, 57,447; of Mexico, 31,046; and of Peru, 26,242. ' Chile is thus the third among the American powers which with their merchant flag cross the seas extending from the United States to the Straits of Magellan. The favor, however, that the public authorities have shown to national navigation has appeared deficient; and at this present moment our congress is considering a bill presented by the executive which proposes a series of systematic measures tending forever to secure to the commercial marine of Chile a future of increasing prosperity. According to the purposes which it has in mind, and according to its traditional policy, the Government of Chile looks with favor upon such means as will extend the radius of lines already established and make the transportation of passengers more rapid and freight charges cheaper around the American Continent, and particularly along the South Pacific coast. The Third Pan American Conference, assembled in Rio de Janeiro, approved a resolution drawn as follows: "The Bureau of the American Republics shall be intrusted with the task of pre- paring a plan which shall contain the definitive bases of the contract which may be concluded with one or more steamship companies for the establishment of new lines between the countries." Chile would be greatly pleased if the means of transportation already established on the initiative of its own citizens were to aid efficaciously in securing this contract, and in promoting the progress of steam na^dgation among the countries of the New World, as is desired in the agreement of the Third and in the program of the Fourth Pan American Conferences. CtJSTOMS REGULATIONS. The conference at Rio de Janeiro intrusted to the Bureau of the American Repub- lics a study of the customs legislation of the countries, in order to procure an agree- ment upon uniformity in administrative procedure in America. In the program of all the International American Conferences there is an article dealing with the simplification and unification of customs procedure, the formalities of which, when they are not confined to measures indispensable for safeguarding legitimate collection of fiscal duties, constitute a serious obstacle to a commerce that needs liberty and rapidity in its operations. The formalities of customs procedure harmonize in general with the system of administration peculiar to each country, and accordingly should be regarded as belonging exclusively to its internal legislation. Certain recommendations of a general character, however, could be made in an international American conference with the object of incorporating them in the legislation of the countries of this continent so as to produce, so far as possible, a unifi- cation of customs formalities. Preceding the preparation of such proposals a compilation should be made of the laws and regiilations of each of the American Republics dealing with customs pro- cedure, and the data thus brought together should be studied and compared by persons possessed of technical or expert knowledge in these matters. To this end, the conference of Mexico recommended the holding of a customs con- gress composed of one or more delegates from each Government, who should be named from among customs administrators and presidents or members of chambers of com- merce. The customs congress met at New York in 1903, and, although made up of persons specially fitted for the study of these subjects, was not in a position to make detailed recommendations because of the lack of data and information furnished in advance. It approved certain conclusions of a very general character (Appendix B), almost all of which have been sanctioned in the 'legislation, regulations, or customs practice of Chile, and insisted, furthermore, on the necessity and urgency of carrying on the investigation indispensable to success in deliberations on customs matters in the future international conferences. Owing to the lack of preliminary investigation, the necessity for which had already been strongly urged, the third international American conference found itself unable to recommend the adoption of determinate measures which would serve to attain the beneficent result for which efforts have so long been made and agreed to the estab- lishment of a section of commerce, ciistoms, and statistics in the Bureau of the Amer- ican Republics, which by means of a permanent and adequate organization could make an investigation of the customs legislation and consular and statistical regula- tions of the Republics of America and prepare a report on the matter which should FOURTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN STATES. 75 be presented in advance to the Governments of the countries represented in these conferences. The conference of Mexico recommended to the customs congi-ess an investigation of the means that might be adequate to establish in the Republics of America a common nomenclature of products and commodities, in Spanish, English, Portuguese, and French, which should be destined to serve as a basis for commercial statistics and to be adopted in the schedules, tariffs, and other customs laws of the American Republics. And in order to make the investigation which was to be carried on by the customs congress useful and complete it recommended to each of the GoA'ernments of the Republics of America that the higher administrative officials of customs examine the nomenclature or vocabulary made up by the International Bureau of the said Repub- lics, so that they might have in mind the remarks or corrections which the examina- tion of the vocabulary might suggest to them. In the judgment of the delegation of Chile it would be desirable for the international American conference assembled at this capital to insist upon the importance of the aforementioned work of investigation and to determine the proper means for realizing the aspu-ations iterated with so much regularity by former conferences, namely, that of rendering uniform the nomenclature of commodities, the basis of commercial sta- tistics, and the customs procedure in the Republics of the continent. PAN AMERICAN RAILWAY. The idea suggested by the previous Pan American conferences of binding the various Republics of the continent by rail was the subject of an interesting resolution adopted in the last conference at Rio de Janeiro. That resolution, among other things, provided — ''That, with the object of contributing within the shortest possible time to the ter- mination of the Pan American Railway, each Republic, when giving its support to the constructions of lines destined to serve local interests, should follow, as far aa Ijossible, the intercontinental route," and the able report presented to that conference by the Hon. H. G. Davis, president of the permanent Pan American Railway commit- tee, in alluding to the part that concerns Chile in the realization of that Mea, men- tions, as projects conducing to the end in view, that of prolonging northward the longitudinal system of the Republic, that of constructing an inter-Andine line from Arica to La Paz and another of like nature so as to join Valparaiso with Buenos Aires, the execution of this latter project being, in the words of the Hon. Mr. Davis, "the end of a truly gigantic work desired for more than a half century." It is particularly pleasing for the delegation of Chile to state that the recommendation of the conference of Rio de Janeiro has been taken by the Government of the Republic under special consideration, and that so far as Chile is concerned with this great pro- posal of the previous conferences the work may be regarded as finished. In the message read by His Excellency the President of the Republic at the open- ing session of the National Congress on the 1st of last July is found the following declaration : "Between the cities of Puerto Montt and Tacna, which are 3,439 kilometers apart, 1,795 kilometers have been united by railroad and 1,436 have been contracted for and are now under construction. Only the section between Zapiga and Arica, which comprises 210 kilometers, needs to be contracted for so that Tacna and Puerto Montt may be united. Within four years the city of Puerto Montt will be in communication by rail with the city of Pisagua." It is equally pleasing for this delegation to state that since the line from Arica to La Paz has been contracted for the work of construction is in active operation and that within two years the capital of Bolivia will be joined to the port of Arica. This rail- way will connect with the interior lines of Bolivia east and south, and will thus form part of the Pan American system. Last April the Governments oi the Argentine Republic and of Chile officially inau- gurated the railway that joins Buenos Aires with Valparaiso, thus realizing within the time desired the hope expressed in the report of the Hon. Mr. Davis. It ought to be added also that both Governments, inspired with the desire of serving the interests of the two Republics, are promoting the construction of other lines which, aside from the one inaugurated in April, will put the coasts of the Atlantic and of the Pacific into communication. In this regard, the Government of Chile has furthered the construction of the Trans- Andine line via Antuco to which it has granted a fiscal subsidy of £200,000 and a like stimulant is being given to the line called Pirihuaico. Both lines, situated more to the southward than that of Juncal, recently opened to traffic, are intended to cross 76 FOURTH INTERNATIOISrAL CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN STATES. the Andes by more accessible passes and will supply the means for profitable com- mercial interchange. So as to know the details bearing upon the succinct statement preceding, the follow- ing appendices are added which are deposited in the Secretariat: (C) Map that shows the course of the Chilean Longitudinal Railway in connection with the Pan American system, and of the Trans-Andine lines from Arica to La Paz and from Valparaiso to Buenos Aires. (D) Text of the law authorizing the construction of the Longitudinal and the respective contracts. (E) Treatise presented to the First Pan American Scientific Congress, assembled at Santiago in January, 1909, and prepared by the Chilean engineer, Mr. Santiago Marin Vicuna "Regarding the Railways of Chile." Manuel Cruchaga. Anibal Cruz. Emilo Bello. B. Mathieu. Alejandro Alvarez. Buenos Aires, July 10, 1910. REPORT OF THE DELEGATION OF COLOMBIA. The undersigned, delegate of the Government of Colombia, has the honor to inform the president of the third committee that the Government of Colombia ratified the following conventions celebrated at the Third International American Conference of Rio de Janeiro: Pecuniary claims, ratified August 29, 1908; commission of jurists, ratified March 10, 1907; citizenship and naturalization, ratified August 29. 1908. R. Ancizar. Buenos Aires, July 22, 1910. REPORT OF THE DELEGATION OF COSTA RICA. Mr. Secretary General: In compliance with the requirements of Article III of the program of the Fourth International Conference, I have the honor to inform the Conference, on behalf of the Government of Costa Rica, concerning the matters to which it relates. By a duly authorized decree, dated October 26, 1908, the constitutional congress of the Republic approved the conventions signed at the Third International American Conference, which met at Rio de Janeiro in July, 1906. In the spirit of those conventions, the Government of Costa Rica has taken cogni- zance of all the acts having a bearing upon them. As yet the Pan American committee, to which the respective resolution of the Third International Conference refers, has not been appointed. A section of the ministry of foreign relations has prepared to deal with these matters and therefore the necessity for constituting such committee has not been felt up to this time. In matters of customs and commercial statistics, we have in force smoothly running regulations which simplify the operations of warehouse removals and fix the various duties and processes for the entry, dispatch and clearance of various kinds of vessels and merchandise. I venture to append a copy of those regulations. The laws of Costa Rica make obligatory the use of manifests and consular invoices in harmony with the resolutions adopted in the previous international conferences. I deem any measure most useful which will tend to render the procediu"e in such matters uniform among the countries of commerce, since it will do much to extend reciprocal trade. Costa Rica is guided in the matter of sanitary police by the international conven- tion of Washington. It has put its precepts into practice, and is engaged actively in adopting every means for assuring the sanitation of its cities, and particularly of its ports. We are gratified to be able to say that in our Atlantic and Pacific ports there has not arisen in many years a single case of plague or yellow fever. In a cablegram that I have just received, statements in the press concerning the recent appearance of this latter disease in the Republic have been denied by the Government. As to marine sanitation, the greatest possible \T.gilance is observed. FOURTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN STATES. 77 The international sanitary commission, the medium of information for the American Reptiblics, as established by the Third Pan-American Conference, is in full operation. In December of last year the third international sanitary conference met at San Jos6, Costa Rica, and agreed upon certain measures of great importance in public hygiene. I have the pleasure to append a copy of these measures as published in the Official Gazette. My Government has continued to give attention to the construction of the Inter- continental Railway, ■with a view to increasing the lines which are to unite Costa Rica with the two countries adjoining on the north and south, since it presumes that, should the route planned be not exactly followed, the Pan-American Railroad will be carried on by the union of the sections in the various States. In that sense Costa Rica has advanced considerably, and the portion of the railway to the Pacific that remains to complete the Interoceanic Railway, will shortly be fin- ished. This will cause the section in question to be utilized as a part of the Pan American, by extending the branch from Punta Arenas to the north as far as the fron- tier of Nicaragua, or the other route will be adopted whenever the Guapiles Railroad is constructed on the Atlantic side as far as the eastern boundary of the country last named. The line from Limon to the boundary of Panama is progressing rapidly. When this subdivision is taken up especially, I shall have the honor to present a complete report on the railroads existing in the country, with precise mention of the sections that remain to be constructed and of their possible cost and completion. In Costa Rica there is a law covering the property rights in mercantile and industrial inventions and a regulation for the registration of trade-marks, dated September 11, 1896. The law fixes the term of 20 years as the duration of the right to the use of an invention. The convention of Rio de Janeiro in part changes legal principles, but as it has not been possible to carry these provisions into effect in the majority of our countries, we have not tried to harmonize our laws with the conventions. On account of its great importance at present, this is a matter that demands especial study for the purpose of reaching conclusions equitable to all the nations. Costa Rica has not had any diplomatic claim for damages and injuries caused to foreign citizens or corporations, and it is to be hoped that it never will haA^e any. For this reason there has been no necessity of adhering to the treaties on pecuniary claims signed in Mexico in 1902 and extended in Rio de Janeiro in 1906 . In any event we con- sider its extension very proper, but it would be necessary to make express mention in the new convention of the principle accepted at the Second Conference, and regard- ing the rights of foreigners, to the effect that resort shall not be had to the arbitral claims tribunal unless all the judicial remedies of the country against which the claim is made shall first have been exhausted and that there shall have been on the part of the courts a manifest denial of justice or an abnormal delay or an evident violation of the principles of international law. It is a matter of respect due to the institutions and to the administration of justice in our countries, and it is an equitable measiu-e as well, not to place the foreigner on a better footing than that vouchsafed our own citizens by creating a special jurisdic- tion for his claims. I believe that I have reported upon the principal questions proposed, and I have the honor, your excellency, to submit myself with the assurance of my most distin- guished consideration. Alfredo Volio. Buenos Aires, July 16, 1910. REPORT OF THE DELEGATION OF THE REPUBLIC OF CUBA. Mr. President: In accordance with the provisions of the third topic of the program of the Fourth International Conference of the American Republics, the Cuban dele- gation, undersigned, have the honor to submit the following memorandum relative to the action of the Government of the Republic upon the resolutions and conventions of the third conference held at Rio de Janeiro in July, 1906. Four conventions were signed as follows: 1. Fixing the status of naturalized citizens who again take up their residence in the country of origin. 2. Pecuniary claims. 3. Patents of invention, designs, and industrial models, trade-marks, and literary and artistic property. 4. The codification of international law. 78 FOURTH INTERNATIONAL. CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN STATES. The first has not yet been ratified, because its text was in contradiction, in the judgment of our Government, with the provisions of the Constitution. The convention signed August 13, 1906, provides as follows: "Art. I. If a naturalized citizen, a native of any of the countries signing the present convention, and naturalized in another, shall again take up his residence in his native country without the intention of returning to the country in which he has been naturalized, he will be considered as having reassumed his original citizenship, and as having renounced the citizenship acquired by the said naturalization." This article comprises not only the citizen already naturalized, but also those who may become naturalized subsequently. ' ' Art. II . The intention not to return will be presumed to exist when the naturalized person shall have resided in his native country for more than two years. But this presumption may be destroyed by evidence to the contrary." Article VII of the constitution of the Republic of Cuba provides: "Cuban nationality is lost: ******* "4. In cases of naturalized Cubans, by their residence for five years continuously in the country of origin, except when serving an office of fulfilling a commission of the Government of the Republic." The Cuban delegation, as well as others, commented in the sixth committee of the conference at Rio, which had this matter in charge, upon the shortness of the time; that is, the period of two years. But, such term having already been set as a prece- dent in several treaties with the United States, and with other powers, the third con- ference adopted it in the final convention. The Government of Cuba understood that Article VII, clause 4, of the constitution, already cited, precludes the ratification of said convention, being in conflict with Article II thereof, and therefore it refrained from recommending its ratification. The second of the conventions signed at Rio de Janeiro declares in force until December 31, 1912, the treaty upon Pecuniary Claims, signed at Mexico January 30, 1902, both for the nations which had already agreed to it, as well as for those which might ratify it thereafter, abolishing Article III, which declared that said convention was obligatory only on the States which might have subscribed the convention for the pacific settlement of international disputes signed at the Hague in 1899, and for those States which should ratify the protocol adopted at the said second conference by the countries there represented upon adhesion to the conventions of the Hague. This convention was signed at Rio de Janeiro August 13, 1906, and was approved by the Government of Cuba March 17, 1908. The third convention signed at Rio de Janeiro relates to patents of invention, drawings, and industrial models, trade-marks, and literary and artistic property, and was concluded August 23, 1906. The signatory nations of this convention adopted the treaties signed at the Second International Conference at Mexico, January 27, 1902, with the modifications set forth in the later convention. The Republic of Cuba, on January 10, 1906, adhered to the treaty on patents of invention, drawings and industrial models, and trade-marks, signed at Mexico during the second conference, but has not yet adhered to the convention on literary and artis- tic property, signed on the same date, because the said treaty (of Rio) declares by Article I that the signatory nations adopt, spontaneously, the two treaties of Mexico before mentioned, both relating to patents and trade-marks and the one relating to literary and artistic property, and Cuba had already adhered to the former. It has not been able, therefore, to recommend the adoption of the aforesaid convention of Rio de Janeiro. The fourth convention, signed at Rio de Janeiro on August 23. 1906, provides for the appointment of an international commission of jurists, composed of one representative from each of the signatory States, selected by their respective Governments. This commission was to be organized for the preparation of a draft of a code of private international law and one of public international law which should regulate the rela- tions between the nations of America. The Republic of Cuba has not as yet ratified this convention. Besides the aforesaid conventions, the conference at Rio de Janeiro adopted the following resolutions: Arbitration; the reorganization of the International Bureau of the American Republics ; building for the International Bureau of the American Rep\iblics ; special divisions in the International Bureau; section of commerce, customs, and sta- tistics; liberal professions; public debts; sanitary police; intercontinental railway; commercial relations; future conferences; monetary system; natural resources; coffee conference. FOUETH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN STATES. 79 REORGANIZATION OF THE INTERNATIONAL BUREAU OF THE AMERICAN REPUBLICS AND CONSTRUCTION OF THE NEW BUILDING FOR THE BUREAU. The Government of Cuba has contributed with its quota to the construction of the above-mentioned building, and has also accepted the increase plan for the support of said bureau, beginning July 1, 1908, to satisfy the new amount. ARBITRATION. In accordance with the resolution of the conference of Rio de Janeiro relative to this important subject, Cuba gave appropriate instructions to its delegates to the Second Conference at The Hague. PUBLIC DEBTS. Likewise, the instructions suggested by the Third Pan-American Conference at Rio de Janeiro concerning this subject were given to said delegates to the Second Hague Conference. COMMERCIAL RELATIONS. The recommendations which are referred to the Governments by this resolution are: 1. That agreements be promoted between the signatory governments to stimulate as much' as possible rapid railway communications, steamship and telegraph lines, and post conventions for the carriage of samples. 2. That good connections be made for railway and telegraphic lines. 3. That goods in transit over the routes of communication in any country shall pay only for the services rendered by the adequate installations of the ports and roads passed over, on the same scale as such services are paid for by goods destined for the consumption of the country over whose territory the transit is effected. The Government of the Republic of Cuba has taken under consideration these recommendations and will receive with special satisfaction any agreements which may be proposed to it in that sense. As to the subjects mentioned in the second and third paragraphs above, it is a pleasure to us to make known that the laws and regu- lations in force concerning railways, telegraphs, and merchandise in transit, are in harmony with said recommendations. LIBERAL PROFESSIONS. The resolution of the conference at Rio de Janeiro, relative to this matter, confines itself to confirming integrally the treaty upon the practice of the liberal professions, signed on January 28, 1902, by the Second Conference held in Mexico and to recom- mending its adoption and ratification. The Government of Cuba has not adhered to said treaty, it being incompatible in some of its provisions with existing legislation on the subject, which has not yet been amended, the adoption of the aforesaid convention being now looked into by the educational boards. SANITARY POLICE. The Republic of Cuba adhered to the sanitary convention of Washington, and sent delegates to the Third Sanitary Conference held in Mexico, December, 1907, and to that of San Jos6, Costa Rica, of 1909. Cuba has complied, therefore, as far as it is concerned, with the recommendations of this resolution. PAN AMERICAN RAILWAY. The Republic of Cuba having no direct and immediate interest in the construction of this important line, it is not incumbent upon it to take any action upon this subject. MEETING OF THE FOURTH PAN AMERICAN CONFERENCE. The governing board of the International Bureau of the American Republics, having been authorized to designate the place of meeting for the Fourth International Amer- ican Conference, selected, in January, 1908, the city of Buenos Aires. The Govern- ment of Cuba hastened to express its acquiescence, appointed as representatives the undersigned delegates. 80 FOURTH IXTERXATIOXAL COXFERENCE OF AMEEICAX STATES. COFFEE PRODUCTION. The resolution of the Rio de Janeiro conference concerning this interesting branch of the resources of several nations represented therein, recommended to the respective Governments the holding of an international American conference to adopt eflBcacious measures for the benefit of coffee products, designating the city of Sao Paulo, in the United States of Brazil, for the meeting of the conference. The Government of Cuba has been and is disposed to consider with special interest the advisability of being represented in said conference, if such conference be deemed necessary by the Gov- ernments most directly interested in this subject. MONETARY SYSTEMS. The resolution on this subject recommends the preparation of detailed reports upcn the monetary systems and their history of the several nations represented in the con- ference, and upon the fluctuations of the type of exchange in the past 20 years, as well as the preparation of tables showing the influence of said fluctuations on com- merce and industrial development; said reports to be forwarded to the International Bureau of the American Republics for the preparation of a resume, and for publica- tion and distribution among the several Governments at least six months before the meeting of the present conference. The department of state of the Republic of Cuba, opportunely acquainted the department of the treasury with this resolution in order that it might begin the prepa- ration of this material, but it could not be prepared by the date indicated. It will however be transmitted to the International Bureau of the American Republics for the ultimate action contemplated. PAN AMERICAN COMMITTEE. In accordance with the respective resolution, the Government of the Republic of Cuba appointed the following committees by decree dated July 20, 1908: Dr. Leopoldo Berriel, lawyer and rector of the University of Habana; Dr. Leopoldo Cancio, lawyer and professor of the University of Havana; Dr. Jose; Lorenzo Castellanos, lawyer, ex- representative and ex-secretary of the President; Dr. Mario Garria Kholy, lawyer, member of the advisory board, at present secretary of public instruction; Gen. Carlos Garcia Velez, formerlj^ envoy extraordinary and minister plenipotentiary of Cuba in Mexico and in Washington, and at present appointed in like capacity to the Argen- tine Republic; Dr. Jose Antonio Gonzales Lanuza, lawyer, professor of the University of Havana, and formerly delegate of Cuba to the Third International American Con- ference; Licenciado Rafael Montoro, lawyer, envoy extraordinary and minister pleni- potentiary at London, member of the advisory board, and delegate to the Third International American Conference; Dr. Erasmo Regueiferos, lawyer, and member of the advisoiy board; Dr. Antonio Sanchez de Bustamante, lawj^er, senator, professor of the University/ of Havana, and delegate to the Second International Peace Confer-- ence at The Hague; Dr. Manuel Sanguilly, lawyer, senator, and delegate t(; the Second International Peace Conference at The Hague — at present secretary of state of the Republic; Senor Manuel Marques Stu'ling, ex-charge d'affaires in the Ai-gentine Re- public and at present minister to Brazil; and Dr. Fernando Sanchez de Fuentes y Pelaez, lawyer, professor of the University of Havana, secretary of the delegation to the Second Peace Conference at The Hague. We reiterate to your excellency the assm-ance of our most distinguished considera- tion. Carlos GarcIa Velez. Rafael Montoro. GONZALO de QuESADA. Antonio Gonzalo Perez. Jose M. Caebonell, Buenos Aires, July 14, 1910. REPORT OF THE DELEGATION OF THE DOMINICAN REPUBLIC. Mr. President: In pursuance of Article III of the program of the Fourth Inter- national American Conference, of which you are the worthy president, I have the honor to inform your excellency concerning the execution on the part of the Govern- ment of the Dominican Republic of the resolutions and conventions of the Third International American Conference held at Rio de Janeiro in July, 1906. POUKTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN STATES. 81 Jfbji. In pursuance of the recommendation contained in the resolution of the Third Conference of Rio de Janeiro, dated August 22, 1906, the Dominican Republic an- nounced through its delegate to the Second International Peace Conference at The Hague, at the session of October 16, 1907, to be in favor of the proposition made by the delegation of the United States of America, with an amendment to the effect that arbi- tration should be obligatory and reciprocal, in which there should be embraced every claim of a pecuniary nature, including those for damages and injuries, and that the judgment should be rendered in accordance with justice instead of equity. 2. In accordance with the resolution of the Third Conference, above referred to of August 7, 1906, the Dominican Government gave to the delegates it sent to the Second Peace Conference at The Hague, instructions looking to the rendering the principle of arbitration practical, who were the only ones to assert themselves m favor of the principle of obligatory arbitration without reserve. Such is the faith that the Domini- can Republic has in the efficacy of justice as a fundamental principle. 3. In fulfillment of the convention concluded at the third conference of Rio de Janeiro on August 23, 1906, and relating to the meeting in that city of an international commission of jurists charged with drafting a project of code of public international law and one of private international law which should govern the relations between the nations of America, the undersigned has had the honor to have been designated by the Dominican Government on March 12, 1909, to represent the Dominican Repub- lic on said commission. 4. Also, and by decree of January 21, 1910, the Pan American committee has been organized to which the resolution of the third conference of Rio de Janeiro of August 13, 1906, refers. Said committee is composed of seven members, and in addition to the duties imposed by -the Rio resolution, it has that of furthering the approval of the conventions and other agreements signed by the Dominican Republic at the Second International Peace Conference at The Hague. 5. The other conventions and resolutions are still awaiting approval, and no doubt they will be approved before the end of the present year. This circumstance pre- vented the Dominican Republic from participating in the Fourth International Conference of San Jose, Costa Rica. I avail myself of this opportunity to assure your excellency of my most distinguished consideration. Buenos Aires, July 22, 1910. Amerigo Lugo. To His Excellency Antonio Bermejo, President of the Fourth International American Conference, Buenos Aires. REPORT OF THE DELEGATION OF ECUADOR. Buenos Aires, July 25, 1910. Mr. Secretary op the Third Committee: For my part, with reference to Chap- ter III of the present international conference, my report is limited to stating that the resolutions and conventions of the third conference were approved by the legis- lature of Ecuador in November, 1909. As to the action of the Government in puttmg them in force, it seems that no special executive decree has yet been issued, inasmuch as, without doubt, conventions constitutionally approved are laws of the Republic and will not for that reason fail to be observed. With assurances of my distinguished consideration, I am, Mr. Secretary, Your obedient servant, Alejandro Cardenas. REPORT OF THE DELEGATION OP GUATEMALA. Mr. President and Delegates to the Fourth International Pan-American Conference: In accordance with the provisions of Article III of the program, the delegation of Guatemala has the honor to submit for your distinguished consideration a succiact report concerning the action its Government has taken with respect to the resolutions and conventions of the third conference held at Rio de Janeiro in July, 1906. The convention that fixes the status of (naturalized) citizens who again take up their residence in the country of their origin, was ratified by Guatemala, April 20, 1907, and Guatemala had the satisfaction of being the first of the American nations to do so. 74034— S. Doc. 744, 61-3 6 82 FOURTH INTERNATIONAL. CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN STATES. The convention on pecuniary claims was also ratified on April 20, 1907, it being proper to note that Guatemala had, in due course, ratified the treaty of Mexico, to which this convention refers. On April 19, 1907, Guatemala ratified the convention on international law, having named in due time the person who should represent her on the international com- mission of jurists created by Article I of said instrument. The convention on patents, designs, and industrial models and trade-marks, and commercial, literary, and artistic property was ratified on April 19, 1907, the four conventions mentioned above being ratified anew on February 15, 1909. In order to properly fulfill the resolutions adopted at the third conference, the Government of Guatemala has taken all the necessary steps, as we shall endeavor to show, enumerating the principal ones. As it has not yet been possible to create a special Pan American section in the ministry for foreign affairs, what refers to this important matter is at present treated in one of the bureaus which form part of the department above mentioned. For the erection of the building of the International Bureau of the American Republics in Washington our Government gladly contributed its quota. Few questions occupy the attention of the Guatemalan authorities more or with greater reason than the maintenance and regulation of an efficacious sanitary police, which at the same time that it protects the nations who maintain commercial rela- tions with us, assures the health and welfare of the inhabitants. With this end in view we were not only among the first to adhere to the International Sanitary Con- vention of Washington and to send our representatives to the congresses that were held in Mexico in 1907 and in Costa Rica in 1909, approving the resolutions adopted by these learned assemblies, but the following measures tending to the same end have been taken: The sanitation of the Guatemalan-Atlantic coast, especially Puerto Barrios, undertaken and carried out by the railroad company of Guatemala; the creation of a special board of health provided with all kinds of supplies, for the pur- pose of seconding and maintaining the works carried on in said zone; the issuance of a sanitary code, the strict enforcement whereof is intrusted to a technical board of public health and hygiene, the members of which are invested with authority; the establishment of an institution of animal vaccine, and of a Pasteur institute, and several other foundations of a philanthropic character, which, like the "Gota de Leche" and the "Home for the Aged and Convalescent," are destined to better the general hygienic conditions, and especially those of the coasts. The efficacy of the measures enumerated is evidenced by the fact that in the Republic of Guatemala not a single case of yellow fever has appeared since 1906. Coffee being the principal product of export of Guatemala and many other countries of America, our Government would view with very special pleasure if the meeting could be effected of the international American conference relating to this matter, to which the respective resolution refers, which was approved by the conference of Rio de Janeiro and proposed by the Guatemalan delegate to that assembly. Without prejudice of making a detailed report to the Pan Amerian Railway com- mittee concerning the development and increase of the railroad lines which have been constructed in Guatemala during the last decade, it is very pleasing to this delegation to tell you in accordance with the contracts entered into with the Central Railway Co., on the one hand, and with the Guatemala Railway Co., on the other, within two years Guatemala will have completed its portion of the railroad, uniting it by rail with the bordering Republics of Mexico and Salvador. In order to connect with the railroad systems of the first of said nations, we only lack 25 miles, which will be completed about the beginning of next year. It is an honor for the delegation of Guatemala to offer to the president and dele- gates the assurance of their highest and most distinguished consideration. Luis Toledo Herrarte, For the Delegation of Guatemala . REPORT OF THE DELEGATION OF HONDURAS. In compliance with Article III of the program approved by the governing board of the International Union of the American Republics, I have the honor to inform the Fourth Pan-American Conference that Honduras has approved the conventions and resolutions of the Third Conference and has endeavored to carry out its recom- mendations. Our commercial relations with the other nations of America continue to improve from day to day, thanks to the efficient protection given by my Government to all enterprises that tend to draw closer together the countries of the continent, either by FOURTH INTERNATIOlSrAL CONPERElSrCE OF AMERICAN STATES. 83 granting them subventions or franchises and concessions which contribute to their support. The Government of Honduras has given especial attention to the question of sani- tation, and I am pleased to state that it was not only represented in the sanitary cono;resses held in the capitals of Mexico and Honduras, but that, assisted by the Sanitary Board of New Orleans and by the Vaccination Institute of San Salvador, it has prevented the spread of yellow fever and of smallpox which, in an epidemic character, invaded the country from the western frontier. No work has been completed concerning railroad lines that could be utilized for the Pan-American Railway, because the small lines that are in operation, or under construction, are all on the Atlantic side; but the Government is disposed to grant concessions and franchises to facilitate the construction of these lines on the Pacific coast, and I have no doubt that requests will be made it to this end by the Salva- doran railroads now approaching the frontier of Honduras. My Government, which faithfully observes the pacts signed by its delegates, will do all in its power to carry out the provisions which proceed from this conference, because it is convinced that said provisions all tend to the improvement of the con- ditions of life of the great American family. Luis Lazo A., Delegate for Honduras. Buenos Aires, July 16, 1910. REPORT OF THE DELEGATION OF MEXICO. At the Third International American Conference 4 conventions and 14 resolutions were signed. The Government of the United Mexican States has decreed that, in so far as possible within the limits of the constitutional institutions of the country, the measures necessary in order that said pacts — some of them real treaties and others conventions ad-referen- dum — should have full force and effect; and if for any reason it has not been possible to put them in force the Government itself has joined in the celebration of special treaties with one or more of the American nations, so as to make effective in this manner the fundamental principles by which the three former conferences and the present one have been inspired. Conventions. naturalization — pecuniary claims. The conventions on naturalization and claims for injuries and pecuniary damages have been approved by the senate, notwithstanding that, regarding the first, the promulgation of the decree relating thereto has remained pending, since it was thought proper to await the result of the general revision which it is proposed to bring about by Mexican legislation concerning naturalization and the rights of foreigners. conrpicATioN. As to the codification of international American law, Mexico appointed in due course its representative to form part of the commission of jurists which ia to study the projects of future codes, but the meeting of this commission, as is known, has been postponed to a future date. PATENTS — ^TRADE-MARKS — INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY. The conventions on artistic and literary property, and on patents of invention, drawings, industrial models, and trade-marks, were limited to the adoption, with some modification, of the treaties signed ad referendum at the Second Conference on January 27, 1902, for which reason the Government of the United Mexican States has not been able to enact any measure relating to the same, inasmuch as it did not approve the aforesaid treaties of 1902. Resolutions. arbitration. Mexico has always been and is now in favor of arbitration, believing that same, though different from any other recourse, pacific or violent, is the only one that strictly combines juristic principles in the settlement of international disputes. 84 FOURTH INTERNATIONAXi CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN STATES. The resolution on this subject, signed in Rio de Janeiro August 7, 1906, was limited to the ratification of the principle of arbitration, and to recommending that in the Second Conference of The Hague, then about to convene, a general convention- should be adopted which would be accepted and enforced by all the nations. As in said peace conference only the recommendation was made, without con- cluding a treaty, the United Mexican States have resorted to the celebration of special conventions, and in this sense have concluded recently a general treaty of arbitra- tion with the United States of America. On the other hand, and even though the necessary requisites for placing it in full effect were not complied with by the signatory nations, the arbitration celebrated at the Second International American Conference was approved by the Senate of the United Mexican States. REORGANIZATION OF THE BUREAU OP AMERICAN REPUBLICS. The resolution of the Third Conference concerning the reorganization of the Inter- national Bureau of the American Republics in Washington is very interesting. Experience has proved the difficulty in arriving at an effective and sudden agree- ment among the American nations to put in force the conventions and resolutions of former assemblies. Up to within a few months, for example, the convention of August 13, 1906, con- cluded between 19 nations in Rio de Janeiro, on a subject as important as that of extending to December 31, 1912, with the exception of article 3, the period of duration of the treaty which was signed at the second conference on January 30, 1902, on claims for injuries and pecuniary damages, had not been ratified by the United Mexi- can States, by the United States of America, and by the Republics of Colombia, Guatemala, and Nicaragua. It is, therefore, quite necessary that the means of rendering effective the agree- ments of the Pan American conferences be sought. From that point of view, the International Bureau in Washington can play a very important part. Among the objects that article 1 of the resolution of August 13, 1906, signed in the Third Conference, assigns to said bureau is "to assist in obtaining the ratification of the resolutions and conventions adopted by the conferences." This rule, apparently so simple, covers a series of problems from the form in which the bureau should give that assistance to the manner in which it should take measures binding on the signatory nations, and it is to be hoped that the present conference will formulate some bases concerning this point. BUILDING FOR BUREAU. Concerning the building intended for the bureau in question, Mexico has contrib- uted with the sum of 25,352.84 pesos, equal to 112,676.42, which was the quota assigned to it. COMMITTEES DEPENDING ON THE DEPARTMENT OF FOREIGN RELATIONS. At the present time the committee connected with the department of foreign rela- tions, which should furnish to the Bureau of the American Republics the data that the latter needs in accordance with the resolution signed in Rio de Janeiro, is constituted. SECTION OF COMMERCE IN THE BUREAU OP THE AMERICAN REPUBLICS. Likewise there should be sent to said bureau everything relating to customs legis- lation, consular rules and regulations, and commercial statistics. COMPULSORY COLLECTION OF PUBLIC DEBTS. The resolution on the compulsory collection of public debts was confined to recom- mending that the American nations should submit the case to the Second Peace Conference at The Hague, and Mexico complied by sending its representatives. LIBERAL PROFESSIONS. The resolution concerning the exercise of the liberal professions was restricted to a confirmation of the treaty of January 28, 1902, which was not ratified by Mexico. FOTJRTH INTERITATIONAL CONFERENCE OP AMERICAN STATES. 85 COMMERCIAL RELATIONS. The resolution on the development of the commercial relations among the Ameri- can Republics embraced two points: (1) That of the exemption from duties of merchandise in transit, and (2) that of contracts with navigation, railway and telegraph lines. As to exemption from duties the Government of Me:^ico has not adhered to the resolution, because it would require a complete change in the present fiscal organi- zation of the country; and as to the special contracts referred to it is to be borne in mind that the national railway lines run through all the territory of the Republic fi'om the frontier of the United States of America to that of Guatemala, and from the ports of the Gulf of Mexico to those of the Pacific, without taking into account the lines that are under construction. On the other hand, it is hoped that there will be made known the bases that the Bureau of the American Republics may formulate, in order that the Mexican Govern- ment may decide the form in which easier maritime communications with South America may be secured, now that it has established at the present time communica- tions of importance with a part of South America, with Central America, and with the United States of America. FUTURE CONFERENCES. The United Mexican States have complied by sending its delegation to this con- ference, as well as the publications and laws of the different branches of public ad- ministration, which remain at the disposal of the said Pan American assembly. commercial'resources. As to natural resources the report of the International Bureau of the American Republics is awaited, and the resolutions of the conference on this subject, held in Washington, should be considered. SANITARY bureaus AND QUARANTINE — ^PAN AMERICAN RAILWAY. Concerning the Pan American Railway and the sanitary police, as the present program, in topics VI and IX, refers to the same subject, the delegation will make its report in the respective committees. COFFEE INDUSTRY. Mexico has not received an invitation from other Governments to the conference which it was proposed to hold in Sao Paulo, Brazil, for the purpose of encouraging the coffee industry. MONETARY SYSTEMS. As to the report on the monetary systems of the United Mexican States, the dele- gation submits it to the conference as an appendix to this general report. V. Salado Alvarez, Chairman. Lufs Perez Verdia. Antonio Ramos Pedrueza. Roberto Esteva Ruiz. Buenos Aires, July 21, 1910. REPORT OF THE DELEGATION OF NICARAGUA. Honorable Delegates of the Fourth International American Conference: In accordance with Article III of the program of this conference, the delegation of Nicaragua has the honor to report to you the steps taken by its Government upon the resolutions and conventions of the third conference convened at Rio de Janeiro in July, 1906. Nicaragua has given special attention to the execution of those resolutions and has been among the first to ratify the conventions that demand that requisite. The national legislative assembly for which it is proper under the constitution and local laws of the State to ratify international treaties and conventions, gave, on February 20, 1908, its approval, in Sue coui'se communicated to the department of foreign affairs of Brazil and to the International Bureau of the American Republics, to the first, second, and fourth conventions, concluded at Rio Janeiro, on naturalization, pecu- 86 FOURTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN STATES. niary claims, and patents, designs and industrial models, trade-marks, and literary and artistic property. The study of numerous and important internal matters of the country has precluded the legislative assembly of Nicaragua until the present, from examining with a ^•iew to approval the third of the conventions of Rio de Janeiro upon the formation of a code of public and private international law. Nevertheless, the Government, knowing that this approval will not long be delayed, when circumstances permit its study by the legislative body which had formerly approved the treaty, made in the conference at Mexico, has already named its representatives on the international commission of jurists which should draft it. It is not to be doubted that in the coming legislature this convention will be ratified, and I do not think it rash to assert from now on there will be no obstacle to Nicaragua's being represented on that commission, whose meeting, as is known, has been proposed. The Government of Nicaragua understanding the usefulness and the benefit of one of the most important recommendations made to the governments represented at the third conference, which is that of August 13, 1906, for the establishment of committees subordinate to the ministry of foreign affairs, charged with promoting the approval of the resolutions adopted by the International American Conference and to fm-nish to the International Bureau of Washington the data needed for the preparation of its labors, organized, by resolutions of May 2 and October 6, 1909, the aforesaid committee presided over by the assistant secretary of foreign affairs and subordinate to that department. The internal troubles of the country have not permitted the committee to occupy itself with all the industry desirable to the discharge of its duty, so that its labors, in the short time that it has been organized, have been compelled to be very limited and the report of them has served me as the principal basis for the present. Concerning the recommendations for the reorganization of the International Biu-eau of the American Republics, and for the establishment of a section of commerce, customs, and commercial statistics between the American nations, the International Bureau of Washington will fiKnish better and more concrete information. The action of the Government of Nicaragua has been limited to its participation in the main- tenance "of said bureau, to instructions communicated to the administrative offices of the country to cooperate in the best possible manner for the important pmrposes of such a useful institution, and to furnish to the bureau in Washington all the infor- mation it may request, as well as that which tends to better and extend the contracts with steamship companies that carry on the commerce between Nicaragua and the other American countries. Effort is at present being made to have the company of navigation between the ports of Mexico and Salvador extend its line as far as the ports of Nicaragua so that commimication with the northern countries might be easier and more rapid; and the committee created on the recommendation of Rio de Janeiro is also interesting itself in the removal of tonnage tax. It would not be too much to say to you here, that the governments of Central America, anxious to improve com- munications between their countries, have concluded in Washington on December 20, 1907, a treaty in which they bind themselves to establish and improve the means of communication, such as lines of steamers, submarine cables and telegraphs and tele- phones. Nicaragua has approved the convention relative to the liberal professions, signed in Mexico in 1902, and it is to be noted that the laws of the country do not require Nicaraguan citizenship for their exercise. Thus, also, the sanitary convention of Washington of 1905 has been approved. The important question concerning fluctua- tions in exchange is being studied with the care possible, and the general monetary plan is waited which the International Bureau of the llmerican Republics had announced in order to decide what would be most practical. Regarding the progress made in the works of the Pan American Railroad, the honor- able committee created by the former conferences will inform you later, and it is pleasing to say to you that endeavor has been made to bring the lines of railroad in construction in Nicaragua to conform as far as possible to the lines of the committee of 1893 in order that they may be availed of and the work of the intercontinental route become easier. It will give me pleasure to present to you separately a detailed report on this sub- ject, which shows the advance made in my country. With every consideration, it is pleasing for me to subscribe myself, the delegates humble servant, M. Perez Alonzo. FOURTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN STATES. 87 REPORT OF THE DELEGATION OF PANAMA. Mr. President: In obedience to Article III of the program of the Fourth Interna- tional Conference of the American Republics, I have the honor to submit to you, in my capacity as delegate of the Republic of Panama, the report concerning the action taken by my Government on the resolutions and conventions of the Third Conference held at Rio de Janeiro in July, 1906. It is well known that my country, which in 1900 did not yet have the luster of a long independent existence, had the honor for the first time of entering, as a sovereign entity, into the concert of American nations. The agreement approving the principle of arbitration for the settlement of questions that may arise, as well as that relative to the inadmissibility of the use of force for the collection of contract debts as supported at The Hague peace conference, and the declaration of arbitration made at this famous conference, to which my country had the honor of being invited, have been approved, as has also the convention for the limita- tion of the use of force for the collection of contract debts. The agreement providing for the creation of a commission of jurists charged with the duty of preparing the plan of a code of public and private international law was also sanctioned by my country, since my Government appointed a delegate of the Republic to the Pan American Juristic Congress which was to meet at Rio de Janeiro in 1908 and which has been postponed indefinitely. Panama has put no obstacle in the way of recovering citizenship in the case of citi- zens who, after becoming naturalized in other countries have returned to their country of origin with the purpose of remaining there permanently. Ever since the beginning of independence liberal laws on this point have been enacted. Save in very rare and exceptional cases the laws enlarge rather than restrict the means of acquiring citizenship in Panama. Progress which also has sought a place among us has increased production and wealth in the new republic so greatly that the construction of a railway has been begun which will connect the capital of the Republic with the city of David, the most remote of the important cities of the Isthmus of Panama on the shores of the Pacific and the nearest of them to the frontier of the Republic of Costa Rica. This railway will form part of the Pan American system which in a few years will join the one already constructed in the province of Bocas del Toro on the Atlantic side, also adjoining the Republic of Costa Rica. The former line will be more than 500 kilo- meters in length and will be constructed with public funds. The latter already has nearly 300 kilometers in operation, with 26 locomotives and 350 passenger and freight cars, and by Government concession, has been built by the well known United Fruit Co., a corporation dealing in bananas. Furthermore, Panama has complied most vigorously with all the preventive meas- ures for the treatment of contagious diseases; yellow fever, smallpox, bubonic plague and other diseases subject to quarantine are now unknown in the Republic, and the mortality is so much reduced that, taking the annual average of 50 per 1,000 deaths in 1905, two years after its separation from Colombia, when the capital of the Re- public had only 22,000 inhabitants, at the beginning of 1909, when the population of the city had reached 45,000, the annual average was hardly 19 per 1,000. It is un- doubtedly now much smaller, according to data before me, since progress in this branch of the public service has gone steadily forward while the population in all the territory of the Republic at the same time has increased considerably. In San Jose, Costa Rica, Panama was represented by a delegate at the Fourth International Sanitary Convention and approved through its delegate the several resolutions therein adopted for the prevention of epidemics and the lowering of mortality on our Con- tinent. The committee connected with the ministry of foreign affairs, charged with the duty of providing the bureau in Washington with whatever it might need, has not been appointed, in the hope, perhaps, of improving or enlarging the organization of that bureau. In all probability it has not been created because the personnel of the min- istry has been deemed sufficient to supply the bureau, whenever the case might arise, with anything needed for its labors. Here in resume is set forth the action taken by the Government of my country on the resolutions and conventions of the Third Pan American Conference. Belisario Porras. Buenos Aires, July 12, 1910. 88 FOURTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN STATES. REPORT OF THE DELEGATION OF PARAGUAY. The Republic of Paraguay, in pursuance of the principles of American solidarity, and always promoting the many forms of its political and national development, in accordance with the most advanced ideas and inspirations which mark the pro- gressive evolution of the other countries, has with sincere faith attended all the prior American conferences and in general terms has formed its laws, conventions, and international procedures in accordance with the resolutions and conventions approved in said conferences. CONVENTIONS AND RESOLUTIONS. Arbitration. — One of the questions of highest importance on which the Third Con- ference fixed its attention refers to arbitration as the most rational means of settling disputes between nations, and although the aspirations sanctioned by said resolution have not as yet had legal and positive confirmation which are to make it effective, Paraguay during its entire constitutional existence has ratified its adhesion to said high principle, having recourse thereto in special treaties for the settlement of its boundary disputes, one of the most recent being the Solar- Pinilla treaty, whereby its boundary dispute with Bolivia is submitted to the decision of the President of the Argentine Republic. Sanitary police. — The Third Conference, in its resolution on sanitary poHce, expressed its desire that the nations of America should adhere to the convention of Washington or carry its provision into effect. It m-ged the adoption of measiues tending to secure the sanitation of cities and port, and, in a general way, established the means of facilitating communication on sanitary questions among the American countries, so as to arrive at a better method which, assuring reciprocal defense against epidemics, would diminish the injmies arising from the rigid enforcement of quarantine and isolation. With that end in view, it favors the conventions of Washington and Rio de Janeiro and m-ges the creation of international consulting boards with reference to sanitary questions. Paraguay, in direct communication by its rivers with the countries of the Platte and of the Atlantic, has sought the realization of the ideals aspired to by the most modem methods of sanitary police and has formed its international sanitary conventions so as to accord fundamentally with the conventions of W^ashington and Rio de Janeiro, as the treaty of Montevideo shows, which is at present in force, and in which its rela- tions are fixed with Uruguay and Argentina. By it quarantines are, in a certain manner, suppressed by a rigid sanitary inspection and disinfection of vessels and ports, the voluntary declaration of local sanitary authorities of the appearance of epidemics and special methods of prevention being established in each case. Monetary status. — Through the instrumentality of the Chamber of Commerce of Asuncion the Government causes to be published the fluctuations of legal-tender money with respect to gold. The latest law actually in force provides for the con- version of paper n^ney into gold at the rate of 10 to 1; that is to say, 10 cents gold to 1 peso paper. This conversion will be completed little by little within eight years. In order to effect it, a redemption fund exists, which is the proceeds of special taxes and whose amount to-day reaches one-fourth the value of the issue in circulation. Pan-American railways. — Upon this point the delegation will present a special report to the proper committee. Private and public international laiv — Naturalized citizens. — These two important conventions embrace the realization of high and eminently American ideals; they have not, however, been ratified except by very few countries. Paraguay hopes that new efforts will offer her the opportunity of confirming her adhesion to such useful principles. Pecuniary claims. — This being one of the most important subjects before the Fourth Conference, and Paraguay not having ratified said convention, she hopes that in the new deliberations a more adequate formula will be found more suitable to the existing American interests. Bureau of the international American office. — With regard to the resolution wherein the desire is expressed that each country should create a section subordinate to the ministry of foreign affairs, in whose chai'ge should be placed matters relating to the Bureau of American Republics, Paraguay remarks that if she has not, as almost all the other States, strictly complied therewith she has designated sections subordinate to the department of foreign affairs, the office that has charge of everything concerning the Pan American Union. International Bureau of the American Republics.— Acknowledging the useful work of the International Bureau, which constitutes one of the most efficacious means of activity of the union of the American republics, Paraguay has not relaxed her efforts FOUKTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OP AMERICAN STATES. 89 of every sort looking to its maintenance and its work of propaganda and general infor- mation. Owing to causes of a political nature, which in these last years have agitated her internal existence, it has not been possible for her to organize her diplomatic representation in certain countries, as in the United States of North America, where- fore she could not be represented in the International Bureau. She hopes, on the other hand, that the fourth conference, for the purpose of re-forming the regulation and organization of the International Bureau, will find a manner of simplifying and bettering the relations of said bureau with the government of each country, to the end of making its services more concrete and practical, thus approaching the ideal of union and protection of the American republics among themselves which gave rise to its formation. Building for the International Bureau of the American Republics. — The resolution adopted by the third conference now being a beautiful reality, Paraguay shows her great satisfaction thereat and records her gratitude for the munificence of Mr. Carnegie. Section of commerce customs and commercial statistics. — This provides duties for the International Bureau which complete its organization. Paraguay has contributed witiiin the scope of her obligations to the collection of information to render easy the action of this subdivision. Exercise of the liberal professions. — Paraguay has special treaties with several coun- tries, the fundamental portions whereof agree with the treaty of Mexico of 1902. Public debts. — Paraguay, through her representative in The Hague Conference, has carried out the recommendation of the third conference upon this point. 'Patents, designs, models, privileges, etc. — If, indeed, Paraguay has not ratified this convention, her treaties at present in force follow its fundamental provisions. Natural resources. — Upon this subject the Paraguayan delegation will present to each delegate a recently published official publication in which complete informa- tion upon this point is contained. Commercial relations. — Paraguay has developed and considerably extended her means of river, railroad, and telegraph communication, therefore making important improvements in her international commercial relations. The Central Railroad of Paraguay is about to complete its extension which will join it with the Argentine lines, thus placing Asuncion in direct communication with Buenos Aires. Another company is projecting a line which, starting from the capital, will connect with the Brazilian lines, thus making a direct communication between Paraguay and the Bra- zilian ports of the Atlantic. Minor railroad lines in course of construction will con- nect many villages and towns of the interior. The telegraph lines lengthened in 1909 reached an extent of 204 kilometers. The river communications have considerably increased and their traffic has been perfected. Paraguay owns a complete dredging outfit, which maintained in active operation contributes to the preservation of the easy and regular navigation of her great rivers. In conclusion, the Paraguayan delegation has the pleasure of expressing their sia- cere hope that the most complete success will crown the deliberations of the Fourth Pan-American Conference. Teodosio GonzAlez. Jose P. Montero. REPORT OF THE DELEGATION OF PERU. Buenos Aires, July 2S, 1910. Mr. President: The delegation of Peru has the honor to inform the Fourth Inter- national American Conference that all the conventions and resolutions adopted in the Third American Conference of 1906 have been implicitly approved. The conventions that require the legislative approval are submitted to the national congress for their final ratification. The executive has recommended that it be done as soon as possible. The resolution relative to the congress of jurists was expressly approved on August 17, 1907. The Government likewise appointed the respective jurist, Senor Dr. Don Juan Jos6 Calle, formerly fiscal (attorney) of the supreme court of justice, who has not begun the exercise of his functions because it was agreed that the commission of J jurists should meet in May, 1911. The Government of Peru, by decree of March 20, 1908, also created the special committee charged with performing the duties to which Article III of the convention of August 23, 1906, refers. This committee is composed of the following persons: Chairman: Senor E. Larrabure y Undnue, Vice President of the Republic. Members: Senor Alberto Elmore, associate justice of the supreme court; Senor Anselmo V. Barreto, associate justice of the supreme court; Seiior Jose Antonio de 90 FOURTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN STATES. Lavalle y Pardo, legal counsel to the supreme court; Senor Alejandro Garland, presi- dent of the National Society of Industries; secretary, the assistant chief of the boundary archives. The ministry of Fomento is at present studying the convention of patents, trade- marks, etc., to find whether it is in opposition to our liberal laws on the subject. We believe that it will shortly be submitted to the national congress for due ratification. As to the rest, with respect to the work of the Pan-American Pi.ailroad, we have the honor to submit herewith a special report and map in which is shown the effective work that Peru has accomplished during the fom* years elapsed since the International American Conference that sat at Rio de Janeiro in 1906. Peru, thus also, since the beginning of the present year, has established a rapid service of navigation in the Pacific, by means of merchant vessels of the Peruvian Steamship and Dock Co., which at present make the trip between Callao and Panama in five days. Formerly the trip between the two ports was made in 12 days at least. The example of the Peruvian Steamship Co. has served to have the Pacific Steam Navigation Co. and the Kosmos Co., respectively English and German, establish an equally rapid service of five days between Callao and Valparaiso. The Peruvian Steamship Co., which the Government of Peru subsidizes, will soon establish a like service in the same time. The delegation of Peru has the honor of presenting to his excellency the president of the Fourth International American Conference the assurances of their highest and most distinguished consideration. E. Larrabure y Unanue, J. A. DE Lavalle. C. A. Calderon. REPORT OF THE DELEGATION OF SALVADOR. In fulfillment of the provisions of Article III of the program of the Fourth Inter- national American Conference, the delegation of Salvador has the honor to submit a report relative to the action taken by the Government of the country which we rep- resent, upon the resolutions and conventions of the Pan-American Conference of Rio de Janeiro. The Government of our country, which is enthusiastic concerning the ideals of brotherhood and union of this Continent has viewed with delight the labors of the Pan- American conferences, and it is pleasing for us to state that the 18 instruments signed by the Third Conference were approved by the national assembly of Salvador under date of May 11, 1907, and proclaimed by the executive on the 16th of the same month. On the 23d of March, 1908, the Government issued a decree, whereby the committee subordinate to the ministry of foreign relations is created, which was recommended by the Third Conference in its resolution of August 13, 1906. This commission because of special circumstances has not up to this time been organ- ized, but meantime its duties have been discharged by the personnel of the depart- ment of state and foreign relations. The Government, in compliance with the provisions of the convention on inter- national law, appointed on February 28, 1908, its delegate to represent it on the inter- national commission of jurists charged with the preparation of the drafts of codes of public and private international law. One of the points which has most occupied the Government is that referring to the Pan-American Railroad. The report upon the works completed will be presented to the proper committee. The railroad building operations begun in Salvador, once they have been completed, will place the principal cities of the Republic in communication, and they will also be in direct contact with the Republic of Guatemala. The Government acknowledging the utility and importance of the recommenda- tions made by the international American conferences, has supported the establish- ment of a line of steamers which makes the direct journey between the Salvadoran port of Acajutla and the Mexican port of Salina Cruz in 36 hours. This line began its voyages at the beginning of last year, having gained because of its com-modiousness and rapidity the preference of the public. Sanitation has received special attention on the part of the Government; it has sent representatives to the two sanitary conferences which have taken place after the for- mer Pan-American conferences; one in Mexico, and the other in San Jose, Costa Rica. The board of health and the Institute of Vaccination work without interruption. F. Mejia, F. Martinez Suarez. Buenos Aires, July 18, 1910. FOUETH INTEKjSTATIONAL CONFEKENCE OF AMEEICAN STATES. 91 Mr. Sccrelanj of the Third Committee of the Fourth International American Conference: The delegation of Salvador submits the report which it presented to the Fourth International Pan-American Conference, and has the honor to make the following statement: In article 1 of the treaty on pecuniary claims for damages and injuries, this provision is found: ■' The high contracting parties agree to submit to arbitration all claims for pecuniary loss or damage which may be presented by their respective citizens, and which can not be amicably adjusted through diplomatic channels and when said claims are of suffi- cient importance to warrant the expenses of arbitration," and in the program of the Fourth Conference the consideration of the continuation after their expiration of the treaties concerning pecuniary claims is provided. In order that these considerations should lead to a result satisfactory to the interests of the countries of this Continent, it is proper to bear in mind the axiom of interna- tional law founded on a principle of justice, that it is due to the sovereignty of nations that foreign claimants must exhaust all legal means and remedies which the legisla- tion of the country against which they claim affords them before seeking the protection of their Government. To that end the Salvadoran delegation takes the liberty of recommending to the committee, of which the secretary is the worthy representative, that it is pleased to take into consideration the point above referred to in order that it may be submitted to the- consideration of the Fourth International American Conference. Francisco Martinez S. Buenos Aires, August 25, 1910. REPORT OP THE DELEGATION OF URUGUAY. The delegation of Uruguay has the honor to report on the topics indicated in subject III of the program. At the conference of Rio de Janeiro, 4 conventions and 14 resolutions were adopted: I. A convention concerning naturalization. II. A convention concerning pecuniary claims. III. On patents of invention, trade-marks and labels, and literary and artistic property. IV. On codification of international law, public and private. The first of the above-mentioned conventions which requires the approval of both houses, has not yet been sanctioned by the congress of Uruguay. But it may be predicted that it will not encounter any opposition, when the sim- plicity of the points agreed upon and the liberality of its provisions which do not raise any objection to its sanction, is considered. Convention No. 2 has not yet been sent to the congress. The delegation, through its chairman, will submit to the proper committee (the eleventh), the observations that it deems pertinent on a subject as delicate as it is important. The third convention has also not been sent to the congress. Uruguay has recently modified its trade-mark, commercial and agricultural legislation, making it conform to the most advanced principles on the subject, to the most authoritative decisions of judicial and administrative jurisprudence, domestic and foreign, and to the needs of commercial growth. That legislation at the same time that it has reorganized the registration of trade-marks by surrounding it with guarantees of inscription, has facili- tated the comparison of trade-marks, restricted their imitation and has guaranteed foreign trade-marks and facilitated their registration and renewal. Conspiracy and forgery are punished quickly and severely. A copy of the law is attached. No law has yet been enacted on artistic and literary property referred to in the civil code of Uruguay, but a proposed law is being considered, a copy of which is attached herewith. The patent and trade-mark law (1885) is in harmony with the principal laws in force concerning the subject in other countries. The executive power is now preparing a plan for improving the procedure in securing patents, making it more economical and adapting it to the advancement of inventions. In dealing with topic X of the program in the respective committee, Delegate Dr. Amezaga will set forth the conclusions which are regarded as the most interesting. The fourth Rio de Janeiro convention relates to a codification of public and private international law. The legislative body of Uruguay approved that convention and the executive appointed its delegate to the meeting of jurists which was to be held at Rio de Janeiro. The president of this delegation was named as the delegate in question. This meet- ing has been postponed. 92 rOURTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN STATES. The codification of private international law received a \dgorous impulse at the congress held in Montevideo, which has been deservedly praised by noteworthy international lawyers. As to public international law, in spite of the differences existing in America, it is a well-known fact that there are valuable antecedents avail- able in the plans for codification drawn up by eminent publicists, both European and American, and in the proceedings of the Institute of International Law and partial codifications of certain important subjects. The work, therefore, is not Utopian and its realization is to be hoped for ere long. In regard to the resolutions adopted at the Rio de Janeiro conference we shall men- tion them in the order given in the published proceedings. The first deals with arbitration. In fulfillment of what had been agreed upon, Uruguay appointed its delegates plenipotentiary to the Second Hague Conference and, along with the majority of the nations, approved the proposal for compulsory arbitration. The second resolution of the Rio de Janeiro conference dealt with the organization and operation of the Bureau of the American Republics at Washington. The Government of Uruguay has contributed to the maintenance of the bureau, the usefulness and importance of which it recognized from the beginning. Certain charges will be suggested to insure a greater degree of success in the work of the bureau. As to the third resolution, concerning the building already inaugurated, Uruguay will join in the homage to be rendered to Mr. Andrew Carnegie, the eminent Pan Americanist, whose valuable gift has made it possible to secure within a short time the construction of the palace which serves as the seat of the Bureau of the American Republics in Washington. The fourth resolution relates to the establishment in the ministry of foreign relations of each 'Republic of a committee to promote the approval of the resolutions of previous conferences and to furnish the bureau in Washington with data. This committee has not been created because it would be, perhaps, more conducive to the purposes set forth in the resolution, more in harmony with the internal organiza- tion of the administrative service in each country, and probably more expeditious, as well, if the governing board of the bureau in Washington, to which article 2 of the resolution (minutes of the Rio de Janeiro conference, p. 582), were to further, thi-ough the medium of the Department of State of the United States, all that relates to compliance with what may have been agreed upon at the conference, since that gov- erning board is composed of the diplomatic representatives of all the nations and is the permanent organ of the International Union of the American Republics. JI-A-s to the sending or furnishing of all sorts of statistical data and information, as the countries of the International American Union possess organized bureaus of statistics, it would be quite sufficient were such bureaus to send the data in question directly to the bureau in Washington, and, if they should not do so within a given period, the bureau should call for them through its director or governing board and through the medium of the Secretary of State of the United States. An agreement may be made in this sense. The bureau of statistics of Uruguay has always performed this duty by sending its annual. The delegation appends a pamphlet which contains the tables of exportation and importation for 1907 and 1908. This material has to do with the very useful proposal to render generally commercial and census statistics uniform. This is a need very much felt and bears a close relation to other resolutions adopted at Rio de Janeiro. Uruguay took its last national census of population and industry in 1908, as it took the municipal census of Montevideo in ISSQ, by a highly improved method of pro- cedure in which it made use of the individual blanks and followed the most advanced eystem of investigation. The fifth resolution was to be carried into effect by the Biireau of the American Republics in Washington, with the aid of the special committees to be established in the ministry of foreign affairs of each country. Since these special committees of information have not been created, that being a matter dependent upon the internal budget of each nation, the central bureau of the International American Union has been unable to perform the duty assigned to it. In this respect a statement is made of the changes that might be made in order to attain those results. The sixth resolution deals with the compulsory collection of public debts and defers the examination of the matter to the Second Hague Conference. Since Uruguay was represented and voted in this conference there would be no information at present to impart on so important a subject, which has furnished material rOUETH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN STATES. 93 for an extensive and interesting bibliography — were it not for the fact that in the program of the Fourth Conference Topic IX shows some connection with the sixth resolution in question, and that it was included in The Hague convention relative to the limitation of the use of force for the collection of contract debts. The seventh Rio de Janeiro resolution concerns the practice of the liberal pro- fessions and recommends the adoption and ratification of the treaty of Mexico. The eighth resolution of the Kio de Janeiro conference deals with commercial relations and bears upon Topic VII of the program of the Fourth Conference. The chief task to fulfill was incumbent upon the central bureau in Washington, namely the elaboration of a plan for steamship service. Regarding postal and telegraph communication, railways, and exemption from transit taxes, Uruguay has suggested the holding of a congress to consider the first two of these points. The construction of railways has to do with the Pan American Railway system, which is a special topic. A Uruguayan railway that crosses the prin- cipal lines oi the country now in operation, called the Interior Railway, lies within the system projected for the Pan American Railway. The concession has been approved. The law therefore is annexed. And the plan of the line has just been submitted to the approval of the Uruguayan Government. Since the eleventh Rio de Janeiro resolution includes the Pan American Railway, this resolution is herewith reported upon, although Delegate Amezaga may furnish the committee with more elaborate data on the subject. Ninth resolution: On future conferences Delegate Rodriguez will supply remarks or proposals on the matter within the committee itself that has to deal with this topic and of which he is a member. Tenth resolution: On natural resources the information to be furnished by the central bureau in Washington will appear in the report of that office. But this infor- mation depends upon the cooperation that may be given by the countries composing the Union. It is a matter of great importance, therefore, to establish an adequate system for the speedy sending of all sorts of data by the statistical bureaus of each country of the Union to the central bureau in Washington. Eleventh resolution (on sanitary police): This resolution has been carried out. Uruguay was represented at the Third Sanitary Conference of Mexico. There it expressed its adherence to the Second Sanitary Conference of Washington. The convention agreed upon by this conference is the same as the sanitary convention of Paris of 1903, drawn up by eminent scientists from 23 nations. At the Second Sanitary Conference of Washington the portion relating to the prophy- laxis of yellow fever was added, and all that which referred to countries of the Levant and to traffic through the Suez Canal was omitted from the convention of Paris. The Fourth American Sanitary Conference of Costa Rica (December, 1909-January, 1910) amplified certain resolutions, made new recommendations, and fixed an inter- pretation of Article IX of the Second Conference of Washington. The sanitary organization of Uruguay is highly advanced, and its internal regula- tion, as well as its service of an international character, are based upon the principles and declarations of the conference of Paris and of the American sanitary conferences. The latest reform in Uruguay centers the higher administration of the sanitary service in the national authorities as was recommended in those of Washington. Recently an organic law as to animal sanitary police has been enacted which corre- sponds to the most authorized scientific demands and to the encouragement of eco- nomic interests placed under the protection of veterinary and customs regulations. In regard to the twelfth resolution of the sanitary conference of Costa Rica we can only state that as yet the bureau of sanitary information to be established in Monte- video has not been organized. Its operation does not depend solely upon the initia- tive and good will of the Government of Uruguay, but also upon the aid in effective cooperation and communication which the other countries that must supply the data may furnish. In the respective committee. Delegate Pena will make some remarks on the matter. The twelfth resolution of the conference of Rio de Janeiro has already been treated in the observations made in connection with the eighth resolution, and will be ampli- fied also by Delegate Amezaga in the committee on the Pan American Railway. Thirteenth resolution includes an examination of the coffee crisis. It concerns primarily the countries of production. This product is a very prominent item in the commerce of Brazil and Uruguay and has a close relation to the other producing countries of America which are seeking an extension of their markets. The fourteenth resolution deals with the monetary system and with fluctuations in exchange during the last 20 years. 94 FOURTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN STATES. It was agreed that the countries forming the union should present treatises on these topics in due time to be distributed and examined six months at least before the meeting of this Fourth Conference. These treatises have not been prepared in a comprehensive and methodical manner on certain bases of uniformity. The study of exchange is one of great complexity. The factors to be examined and taken into account are many. They require well prepared statistics, analyses and interpretations of the same, and a comprehensive glance at the monetary regime, the organization of bank credits and public credits in each country. We are unable at this point to enter upon details like these which call for technical study. But we wish to state that perhaps the very difficulties and com- plexities involved in the examination of fluctuations in exchange are responsible for the nonpresentation of the treatises recommended. In Uruguay no investigation has been attempted by the Ijureau of statistics, nor has the subject been examined under the conditions laid down in the Third Conference, but Delegate Pena presents a statistical table on the rates of exchange for 20 years — a table which, at his request, was prepared by Dr. Julio Llamas, professor of political economy in the School of Commerce of Uruguay. This table is accompanied by a graphic diagram and by various tables that enable one to appreciate side by side with the rates of exchange the changes in values of the commerce of Uruguay of both exportation and importation during the same period of 20 years. These are accom- panied in turn by other supplementary tables as well as by one relative to the com- merce between Uruguay and the United States. Within the respective committee. Delegate Pena will furnish all the information and •explanations that may be needful. The Government of Uruguay has just presented to congress a plan of reform in the customs tariff. This plan is followed by an extensive analytical study of the greatest importance. It includes new classifications, an extension of the scope of specified duties, and statistical comparisons to enable one to understand the effect from a ^dew- point of revenue of the reform. There will be presented to the proper committee a copy of this interesting work. The study of the monetary system of Uruguay, even though couched in brief terms, would be of the greatest interest. But this is not the time to consider it. Later a report will be sent to the central office of the union in Washington as was agreed in the Third Conference at Rio de Janeiro . But if the question is considered at the meeting of any committee of this Fourth Conference, the chairman, Mr. Ramirez, or the delegate, Mr. Pena, will furnish the information necessary for all these topics. Such, your excellency, Mr. President, are the reports and information which the delegation of Uruguay is able to furnish concerning the fulfilment of resolutions and conventions approved in the Third Conference of Rio de Janeiro. It is very pleasing for us to salute his excellency, the president, therefore, with the greatest consideration. GoNZALo Ramirez, Chairman. Carlos M. de Pena. Antonio M. Rodriguez, Juan Jose Amezaga. Buenos Aires, July 18, 1910. REPORT OF THE DELEGATION OF VENEZUELA. Mr. President: Even if the United States of Venezuela did not participate in the Third Interna*;ional American Conference, the Venezuelan delegation has the honor tosubmit to the consideration of the present conference a brief report on matters per- taining to it that relate to Topic III of the program under which we are assembled. REORGANIZATION OF THE BUREAU OF THE AMERICAN REPUBLICS. The resolution adopted in this regard at Rio de Janeiro is open to debate by the terms of Topic IV of the program, and the delegation will submit two propositions concerning this matter in two appendices to the present report marked "A " and "B." CONVENTION FIXING THE STATUS OP NATURALIZED CITIZENS. Articles I and II of this agreement provide that the native citizen of a State, natu- ralized in another, upon again taking up his residence in the country of origin without the intention of returning to the country of his adoption, resumes his original citizen- FOUETH INTEENATIONAL CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN STATES. 95 ship; and that the intention of not returning must be presumed when the naturalized person resides for more than two years in the country of origin. In Article II it is added, nevertheless, that, "this presumption may be overcome by evidence to the contrary." In view of the fact that most treaties concluded for this purpose do not contain such a reservation; that this has already given rise to disputes and will always do so; that with regard to the scope of this very provision the doctrine has been ad- vanced that the State "reserves to itself fully and absolutely the right to decide with respect to the status of its citizens and that it exercises this right exclusively as an attri- bute of its sovereignty;" the Venezuelan Executive would not be disposed to ask its congressional ratification unless said reservation were suppressed. PECUNIARY CLAIMS. The Government of the United States of Venezuela is willing to sign the convention relative to pecuniary claims made at Rio de Janeiro, together with its extension, pro- vided always that it be understood that resort to diplomatic intervention shall not be had with regard to this class of claims except in a case of the denial of justice on the part of a State against which the claim is made. CREATION OF INTER-AMERICAN COMMITTEES SUBORDINATE TO THE MINISTRIES OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS. This resolution, which properly forms part of the organization of the Bureau of American Republics, since the proposed committees become organs of the International Union, organized in each of the capitals of that union, would have no real purpose if it were not adopted and put into practice by all or at least the majority of the States of America, since their principal usefulness depends upon the harmonious opera- tions of all these bodies so as to cooperate in the realization of what is agreed to at these different conferences and to prepare, in common accord and upon reflection, the work of future gatherings. With this end in view our Government would like to know whether all or most of the nations of America join in the creation of these committees, and in this case it proposes that some of the beauties to which Article III of the resolu- tion in question refers be defined, and that there be included among them (1) that of making reports concerning the labors which each State may propose for the Bureau of American Republics for each new conference; (2) that of collecting information and of investigating measures which may tend to the uniformity of consular documents and customs regulations, census and commercial statistics and relations. With regard to this second point the basis would be the formation of a nomenclature which should establish in an official manner in America the equivalents in Spanish of the words which, in the various countries of this tongue, designate articles and products of com- merce and industry; and the terms to which this Spanish word corresponds in English, Portuguese, and French. A work of this magnitude could not be undertaken and much less completed except by technical committees of each country of the union formed by an expert in customs nomenclature and a linguist, to the end that the labors of the various committees might be centralized in the bureau at Washington, where they would serve for the formation of the official nomenclature of the American nations. SANITARY POLICE. The Government of the United States of Venezuela has paid special attention to this administrative branch. It has created in the ministry of interior relations a board of public health, supplemented by a superior council of hygiene. The board of public health and the body of experts attached to it have issued ordinances of sanitary police; have made effective the obligatory declaration of contagious diseases, and have attended with special care to the sanitation of the ports and to the struggle against yel- low fever and bubonic plague, so far as to accomplish the extinction of the latter, which two years ago infested the ports of Venezuela, having been brought in from the Pacific. The United States of Venezuela were represented by two experts at the international sanitary conference of San Jose, Costa Rica, and are disposed to adopt the international sanitary convention of Washington, provided Article IX of said convention be not given the interpretation in the sixth recommendation of the international sanitary conference of San Jose, because that interpretation seems contrary to the idea of the decorum inherent in sovereignty, and might, moreover, be converted into an easy means of disturbing the commerce of a given country. 96 FOURTH INTEBNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN STATES. CONVENTION OF INTERNATIONAL LAW. This convention has been sent to Congress with a request that legal authorization be given in order that the executive may adhere to it in the name of Venezuela. CONVENTION CONCERNING PATENTS. Without entering upon the merits of the matter, and in case the bureaus of registra- tion are established which this convention proposes, Venezuela'^ observes that mindful of her position on the South American continent, of her bordering on Brazil, of the natural development of maritime and river communication^ which everything tends to make more rapid and more frequent between the two countries, it should form part of the group of nations whose bureau of registry would be at the city of Eio de Janeiro. Buenos Aires, July 12, 1910. Manuel DIaz RodrIguez. C. ZUMETA. To His Excellency Senor Dr. Antonio Bermejo, President of the Fourth International Conference. APPENDIX I. REPORT AND DRAFT OF RESOLUTIONS BY THE THIRD COMMITTEE, The third committee, intrusted with Topic III, "The examination of the reports or memorials presented by each delegation relative to the action of the respective Governments concerning the resolutions and conventions of the Third Conference^ held at Rio de Janeiro in July, 1906, including the report of the Pan-American com- mittees and the consideration of extending'the functions of the latter," has the honor to submit to the Fourth International Conference of the American Republics the fol- lowing report and draft of resolution : All the countries represented in the present conference have submitted their reports relative to this topic, with the exception of Haiti, which did not attend the conference at Rio de Janiero. CONVENTIONS. The first convention, fixing the status of naturalized citizens who again take up their residence in the country of their origin, has been approved by the United States, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama, and Salvador. The Chamber of Deputies of Argentina has approved it and the agreement of the Senate is awaited in order that it may become a law. The Senate of Mexico has approved it, but it has been deemed wise to await the result of the general revision which it is proposed to carry into effect with regard to the legislation on naturalization before promulgating the decree. Paraguay hopes to adhere to such a useful proposal. Peru has implicitly approved it, submitting it to the National Congress for its final ratification. In Uruguay it has not yet been approved, but its delegation believes that it will encounter no opposition. Only two Governments believe that they can not give it their approval — Cuba and Venezuela. The former because it believes that Article VII of the constitution, which reads as follows, ' ' Cuban nationality is lost — "4. In case of naturalized Cubans, by their residence for five years continuously in the country of origin, except when serving an office or fulfilling a commission of a Government of the Republic ' ' is in contradiction with Ai-ticle II of the treaty of Rio de Janeiro, which is of the fol- lowing tenor: "The intention not to retm-n will be presumed to exist when the natiu-alized person shall have resided in his native country for more than two years. But this presump- tion may be destroyed by evidence to the contrary." Venezuela objects to the words in Article II which say, "but this presumption may be destroyed by evidence to the contrary, ' ' and declares that — ' ' In view of the fact that most of the treaties concluded for this purpose do not con- tain such a reservation; that this has already given rise to disputes and will always do so; that with regard to the scope of this very provision the doctrine has been upheld that the State 'reserves to itself fully and absolutely the right to decide with respect to the status of its citizens and that it exercises this right exclusively as an attribute of its sovereignty;' the Venezuelan executive would not be disposed to ask its con- gressional ratification unless said reserve were suppressed." The second convention concerning pecuniary claims for damages and injuries has been approved by the United States of America, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecua- dor, Cuba, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, and Salvador. In Argentina it has received the approval of the Chamber of Deputies and awaits that of the Senate. In Brazil it is awaiting the approval of the National Congress. Uruguay has not sent it to the legislative body. Concerning this convention, which will remain in force until December 31, 1912, Chile is of opinion that it should be renewed for an indefinite time, in conformity 74034— S. Doc. 744, 61-3 7 97 98 FOURTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN STATES. with the principle of international law sanctioned in the convention of Mexico con- cerning the rights of foreigners, and would view with pleasure that this latter conven- tion be ratified by all the countries of America. Costa Rica believes it necessary, in the new convention, to make these principles clear, that resort shall not be had to the jurisdiction of the arbitral tribunal of claims without first having exhausted all legal remedies before the tribunals of the country against the Government of which the claim has been presented, and that there has been on the part of said tribunal a manifest denial of justice or an undue delay or an evident violation of the principles of international law. Paraguay has not ratified said con- vention, and hopes that in the new deliberations a form better suited to the interests of American nations may be found. Peru has implicitly approved this convention, and has referred it to the National Congress for its final ratification. Salvador, which has approved it, presented to this committee an additional report concerning this "treaty in which on referring to the consideration of the extension of the same says: "In order that these considerations should lead to a result satisfactory to the interests of the countries of this continent, it is proper to bear in mind the axiom of international law founded on a principle of justice, that it is due to the sovereignty of nations that foreign claimants must exhaust all legal means and remedies which the legislation of the country against which they claim affords them before seeking the protection of their Government." Uruguay has not as yet sent it to the legislative body. The United States of Vene- zuela are disposed to sign it and its extension provided that it be understood that there shall be no recourse to diplomatic intervention with regard to this class of claims, except in case of a denial of justice on the part of the State against which the claim is made. The observations concerning this matter made by the different delegations were sent in due course to the proper committee. The third convention concerning patents, designs, and industrial models, trade- marks and literary and artistic property has been approved by Chile, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Guatemala, Honduras, Panama, Nicaragua, and Salvador. The United States of America has not been able to decide anything regarding this matter because of the impossibility of harmonizing its present legislation and practice on patents with the plan of the convention. The delegation of the United States will present separate drafts for patents, trade-marks, and copyrights. These drafts will be in accordance with the treaty of Paris of 1883, and with regard to copyrights, the modifications recently made at the congress held in Berlin in 1909 upon this matter will be borne in mind. In Argentina it is awaiting the approval of Congress. The National Congress of Brazil has not as yet given its approval to this convention. Costa Rica, which has approved it, says in its report: "The convention of Rio de Janeiro in part changes our legal principles, but as it has 'not been possible to carry these provisions into effect in the majority of our coun- tries, we have not tried to harmonize our laws with the conventions." Cuba, which adhered to the treaty of Mexico on patents, designs, and industrial models, trade-marks, has not been able to recommend to the Senate the adoption of the convention of Rio de Janeiro because it had not accepted that of Mexico concerning that of literary and artistic property of which it forms a part. Mexico has not been able to take any steps in regard to it, because it has not approved the treaties of Mexico of 1902, which, with some modifications, form the convention of Rio de Janeiro. Para- guay, if indeed it has not ratified this convention, in its existing treaties adheres to its fundamental provisions. Peru also is considering it, and believes that it will soon be submitted to the National Congress for its final ratification. Uruguay has not -sent it to the legislative body. The fourth convention concerning international law has been approved bj^ the United States of America, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, the Dominican Repub- lic, Ecuador, Guatemala, Hondiu-as, Mexico, Panama, Salvador, and Uruguay. It is awaiting approval in the Argentine Congress and in that of Nicaragua. Paraguay is awaiting an opportunity to confirm its adhesion to such a useful pro- posal. Venezuela has sent it to Congress with a request for legal authorization for the executive to adhere to it in the name of Venezuela. Chile in treating this subject believes that it would be advantageous if the foiu'th conference should specify the bases or general lines along which the international commission might proceed in the discharge of its duty; it exposes at length its points of view which endeavor to group separately the matters of American interest and those of a universal character and condenses its opinion in a draft of resolution the text of which is as follows: , "The Fourth International American Conference resolves: "To confirm the convention agreed upon at the third conference of Rio de Janeiro relative to the codification of international law, by means of a commission of jurists, FOURTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN STATES, 99 and believes that in the performance of its duties it should arrange its work upon the 'following bases: "(a) In addition to keeping separate the usual divisions of the subject into public international law and private international law, it should also subdivide its work into matters of universal application and to American application; "(6) The matters of American application would be made up into a plan which, after having been brought to the knowledge and attention of the Governments, could be presented for the approval of the next Pan American Conference in accordance with Article III, paragraphs 2 and 7, of the convention of Rio de Janeiro. "(c) The matters of universal character would be made up into a separate project that would follow a like course and it would be presented in the name of the American States which might have approved it to -the next conference at The Hague." The undersigned committee after having examined the ideas presented by Chile, believes that the conference ought to submit to the consideration of the commission of jurists created by the Third International American Conference, the suggestion made by the delegation of Chile relative to the form in which said commission might fulfil its task. RESOLUTIONS. 1. The American Governments gave instructions to their representatives to the Second Peace Conference at The Hague in consonance with the resolutions concerning international arbitration. 2. The second resolution concerned the reorganization of the International Bureau of the American Republics. They have all contributed to its maintenance, agreeing to the increase of the quota which has been caused by the increasing necessities. Chile believes that, apart from its functions, it should constitute a center of informa- tion on the commercial relations of the American nations, in order to foment the inter- change of products between them, and to reach by these practical methods the creation of new and lasting bonds of friendship. 3. Concerning the building for the Bureau of the American Republics, already com- pleted, everyone pays a tribute of thanks to Mr. Andrew Carnegie because of his generous donation, which has permitted the sumptuous realization of all the wishes of the Third Conference. 4. This resolution refers to the organization in the department for foreign affairs of each Republic of a committee which shall promote the approval of the resolutions of prior conferences and the transmission of data to the bureau at Washington. These have been already established by the United States, Argentina, Chile, Colombia, Cuba, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Peru, and Salvador. Venezuela proposes that some of the duties to which the third article of the resolu- tion refers be defined, and that there be included in it — "1. That of making reports concerning the labors which each State might propose for the Bureau of the American Republics for each new conference ; and "2. That of collecting information and of investigating measures that may tend to the uniformity of consular documents and customs regulations, census, and commercial statistics and relations. With regard to this second point the basis would be the formation of a nomenclature which should establish, in an official manner in America, the equivalents in Spanish of the words which, in the various countries of this tongue, designate articles and products of industries, and the terms to which this Spanish word corresponds in English, Portuguese, and French. A work of this magnitude could not be undertaken and much less completed except by technical committees of each country of the Union formed by an expert in customs nomenclature and by a linguist, to the end that the labors of the various committees might be centralized in the bm-eau at Washington, where they would serve for the formation of the official nomenclatiu-e of the American nations." 5. This resolution concerned the creation of a section of commerce, customs, and commercial statistics in the International Bureau of the American Republics, with the assistance of the special Pan American committees, and must be the subject of a report from the director of that bureau. 6. The sixth resolution related to the compulsory collection of public debts, and referred the examination of this matter to the Second Hague Conference. The Ameri- can Governments there represented carried out the instructions of their respective foreign offices. 7. The seventh resolution, regarding the liberal professions, which confined itself to confirming in its entirety the treaty concerning their practice, signed at Mexico, neither the United States nor Cuba, owing to the legislation existing in both countries, have been able to adhere to. Uruguay maintains in force the treaties of Montevideo concerning this matter. Brazil has not given its approval in the National Congress. Nicaragua has already approved the convention relating to the practice of the liberal 100 FOURTH INTERNATIONAL. CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN STATES. professions, signed in Mexico in 1902, it being worthy of note that the laws of the country do not require, for their exercise, Nicaraguan citizenship. 8. This resolution, relative to commercial relations, also should form a part of the detailed report of the director of the International Bureau of the American Republics. 9. This resolution has as its object the assurance of periodical reunions of the con- ference at short intervals and the meeting of the fourth conference. Concerning this resolution the Government of the United States declares: "That it views with approval the method embodied in this resolution, whereby the governing board of the International Bureau of the American Republics is author- ized to designate the place of meeting and, subject to the conditions fixed by the con- ference, the date thereof." 10. The tenth resolution related to natural resources and is thus a matter also for the report of the Director of the International Bureau of the American Republics. 11. The eleventh resolution concerned sanitary police, and the various reports contain an account of the great advance that has been made in the different countries in this matter since the conference at Rio de Janeiro. Brazil has adhered to the convention of Washington under date January 9, 1908, and in the Third Sanitary Conference of Uruguay did likewise. The delegation of Paraguay states "that Paraguay in direct communication by its rivers with the countries of the Plate and of the Atlantic, has sought the realization of the ideals aspired to by the most modem methods of sanitary police, and has formed its international sanitary conventions so as to accord fundamentally with the conven- tions of Washington and Rio de Janeiro, as the treaty of Montevideo shows, which is at present in force, and in which its relations are fixed with Uruguay and Argentina." In the report of Uruguay it is said that as yet the bureau which was to have been constituted in Montevideo has not been organized; in this respect it declares that its operation does not depend solely upon the initiative and good will of the Govern- ment of Uruguay, but also upon the concurrence of efficacious adhesion and communi- cations which the other countries that are to join in furnishing information may lend. Venezuela declares that she is disposed to adopt the international sanitary con- vention of Washington, provided that to Article IX of said convention the interpre- tation urged in the sixth recommendation of the international sanitary conference at San Jos6 be not given; because that interpretation appears contrary to the concept of decorum inherent in sovereignty, and might moreover be converted into an easy method of disturbing the commerce of a given country. 12. The twelfth resolution concerned the Pan American Railroad. Reserving the right to present to the committee of this conference which is occupied with this matter, several countries state in their reports the amount of work completed; and these data, together with the report of the permanent committee of Washington, which the United States have transmitted, show the progress that has been accomplished in the inter- continental system. 13. The thirteenth resolution, which concerned the meeting of a coffee congress, has had no action taken on it. The congress has not been convoked by Brazil. Gua- temala would see with pleasure that the idea of said congress might be carried out. 14. The fourteenth resolution concerned monetary systems, etc. The United States has sent, as has Panama, as appendices to their reports, a work upon this matter, and Brazil a work upon the monetary political situation of Brazil by Senhor Calogeras. A summarized table is annexed which shows what Governments have approved the conventions and organized the Pan American committees. Taking into consideration everything contained in the reports and the opinions expressed in the sessions of the committee, the following is recommended as the draft of a resolution: The undersigned, delegates of the Republics represented at the Fourth Interna- tional American Conference, thereunto duly authorized by their Governments, have approved the following resolution: To recommend to the Governments represented — (1) That they send through the conduct of the ministers of foreign relations all the reports presented to this conference to each one of the Pan American committees, and to the Pan American Union, for appropriate action. (2) That these reports being of great usefulness, the Governments are especially urged to present them to future conferences and in order that they may be more care- fully examined, that they be sent three months beforehand to the Pan American Union in order that they may be printed, and to the end that they be distributed upon the day of the opening of the conference. (3) That the usefulness of the Pan American committees in the countries wherein they have been established and the evident utility of establishing them in the nations which have not yet done so, having been proved, the latter are urged to create them promptly informing said bureau. FOURTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN STATES. 101 (4) That thus also the fulfillment of the resolutions of the Third Conference upon natural resources, a monetary system, commerce, customs, and statistics, is urged upon the Governments, the bureaus of the respective countries being able to send directly to the Pan American Union at Washington their reports, annuals, data, and every class of publication that refers to these matters. (5) That, in order to facilitate the deposit of the ratifications of the conventions, and in order to render more rapid their exchange and publication, besides the copy of ratifications sent to the department for foreign affairs of the country in which the conference is held, another copy be sent, as a means of information, to the Pan American Union and that a like procedure be followed with respect to the adhesion of nonsignatory nations. Done and signed in the city of Buenos Aires, Argentine Republic, on the • day of August, 1910, in Spanish, English, Portuguese, and French, and deposited in the department for foreign relations of the Argentine Republic, in order that certified copies may be taken to be sent through diplomatic channels to each one of the signatory States. Buenos Aires, August 3, 1910. Henry White, delegate of the United States of America; M. Montes de Oca, delegate of Argentina; Olavo Bilac, delegate of Brazil; Miguel Cru- chaga, delegate of Chile; R. Ancizar, delegate of Colombia; Alfredo Volio, delegate of Costa Rica; Gonzalo de Quesada, delegate of Cuba; Amerigo Lugo, delegate of Dominican Republic; A. CArdenas, delegate of Ecuador; Manuel Arroyo, delegate of Guatemala; C. Fouchard, delegate of Haiti; Luis Lazo, delegate of Honduras; Luis Perez Verdla, delegate of Mexico; M. Perez Alonso, delegate of Nicaragua; Belisario Porras, delegate of Panama; Jose P. Montero, delegate of Paraguay; E. Larrabure y Un4nue, delegate of Peru; F. Martinez Suarez, delegate of Salvador; Carlos M. de Pena, delegate of Uruguay; Manuel Diaz Rodriguez, delegate of Venezuela. FOURTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE AMERICAN REPUBLICS, THIRD COM- MITTEE. Ratifications of conventions of Rio de Janeiro and the appointment of the Pan American committees. Countries. Status of naturalized citizens. Pecuniary- claims. Patents, trade- marks, etc. International law. 6 Fan Ameri- can com- mittees. America (United States).., Argentina Brazil . Chile Colombia Costa Rica Cuba Dominican Republic . Ecuador Guatemala' Haiti 8 Honduras Mexico Nicaragua. Panama... Paraguay.. Peru Salvador. Uruguay . Venezuela ^ . Jan. 13, 1908... Sanctioned by House; pend- ing in Senate. Oct. 8, 1909.... June 28, 1909.. i Aug. 29, 1908..; Oct. 26, 1908...' (*) ! Mar. 2, 1907... Sanctioned by House; pend- ingin Senate Awaiting con- gress i n a ] approval. June 28, 1909.. Aug. 29, 19082. Oct. 26, 1908 2.. Mar. 17, 1908 . . Nov. 1909 Apr. 20, 1907 . . Nov. 1909 Apr. 20, 1907 2. Feb. 5, 1907... Approved but waits proc- lamation. Feb. 20, 1908.. Approved Feb. 5, 1907... Nov. 18, 19072. Feb. 20, 1908 2, Approved Pending in Congress. May 11, 1907 . . Not yet sanc- tioned. Pending in Congress. 2 May 11, 1907.. Not sent to Congress. Awaiting con- gress i o n a 1 approval, i do.i July 2, 19091. (1) Oct. 26, 19083 (0 Feb. 3, 1908... Awaiting con- gress i o n a 1 approval. Dec. 7, 1907... Julys, 1909.. Mar. 10, 1907 . Oct. 26, 1908.. Nov. 1909 1 . . . Apr. 19, 1907 3 June 15, 1907. Nov. 1909 Apr. 19, 1907 . Feb. 5, 19073. Feb. 5, 1907.. June 10, 1907. Feb. 20, 1908 . . Approved (1) (■) May 11, 1907 8. Not sent to Congress. (') Approved. Mar.'20,'l9( May 11, 1907... Mar. 27, 1907 . . Awaits Con- gress i o n a 1 approval. Yes. Yes. Yes. Yes. Yes. Yes. Yes. Yes. Yes. Yes. Yes. 1 Ratified Montevideo treaties. 2 Approved treaty of Mexico. 3 Approved treaties of Mexico. i 3 o 1 o 2; Mo3 5| 03 R II 2 p-l 'o c3 O 1? 1 S o Descripci6n de las mereaderlas. i Cantidad 11 i -So S a a'i ""- -^ CD .Q i-H ,Q « c9 Consular remarks Origin or place of purclnase of merchandise 1 •3 a !>. pq 1 s +3 1 T3 O a o C .2 p. 1 ft 1 Ph a S § Quantity Numher S U S 3s SIS _ J.S II q:2 FOURTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN STATES. 195 2, o i (B 3-^ > 2 o g a"^ 0:1 > ^ Pi y. 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Hecho y firmado en la Ciudad de Bue- nos Aires d los veinte dias del mes de Agosto de mil novecientos diez, en espa- fiol, ingles, portugues y frances y deposi- tado en el Ministerio de Relaciones Exte- riores de la Republica Argentina a fin de que se saquen copias certificadas para envi- arlas, por la via diplomdtica, a cada uno de los Estados signatarios. Por los Estados Unidos de America. — Henry White, Enoch H. Cro-wder, Lewis Nixon, John Bassett Moore, Bernard Moses, Lamar C. Quintero, Paul S. Reinsch, David Kinley. Por la Republica Argentina. — Antonio Bermejo, Eduardo L. Bidau, Manuel A. Montes de Oca, Epifanio Portela, Carlos Salas, Jose A. Terry, Estanislao S. Zeballos. Por los Estados Unidos del Brasil. — Joaquim Murtinho, Domicio da Gama, Jose L. Almeida Nogueira, Olavo Bilac, Gastao da Cunha, Herculano de Freitas. Por la Rep-Ablica de Chile. — Miguel Cruchaga Tocornal, Emilio Bello Code- cido, Anibal Cruz Diaz, Beltran Mathieu. Por la Repllblica de Colombia. — Roberto Ancizar. Por la Republica de Costa Rica. — Alfredo Volio. Por la Republica de Cuba. — Carlos Garcia Velez, Raafel Montoro y Valdes, Gonzalo de Quesada y Ar6stegui, Antonio Gonzalo Perez, Jose M. Carbon ell. Por la Repllblica Dominicana. — Americo Lugo. Por la Republica del Ecuador. — Alejandro Cdrdenas. Por la Republica de Guatemala. — Luis Toledo Herrarte, Manuel Arroyo, Mario Estrada. Por la Republica de Haiti. — Constantin Fouchard. Por la Rep-Ablica de Honduras. — Luis Lazo Arriaga. Por los Estados Unidos Mexicanos. — Vic- toriano Salado Alverez, Luis Perez Verdia, Antonio Ramos Pedrueza, Rob- erto A. Esteva Ruiz. Por la Republica de Nicaragua. — Manuel Perez Alonso. Por la Republica de Panamd. — Belisario Porras. Por la Repllblica del Paraguay. — Teodosio Gonzalez, Jos6 P. Montero. Por la Republica del Peru. — Eugenio Larrabm-e y Unanue, Carlos Alvarez Calderdn, Jose Antonio de Lavalle y Pardo. Por la Republica de El Salvador . — Federico Mejia, Francisco Martinez Sudrez. Por la Republica del Uruguay. — Gonzalo Ramirez, Carlos M. de Pena, Antonio M. Rodriguez, Juan Jose Amezaga. Por los Estados Unidos de Venezuela. — Manuel Diaz Rodriguez, Cesar Zumeta. Made and signed in the city of Buenos Aires, on the twentieth day of August in the year one thousand nine hundred and ten, in Spanish, English, Portuguese and French, and filed in the Ministry of For- eign Affairs of the Argentine Republic, in order that certified copies be made for transmission to each one of the Signatory Nations through appropriate diplomatic channels. For the United States of America. — Henry White, Enoch H. Crowder, Lewis Nix- on, John Bassett Moore, Bernard Moses, Lamar C. Quintero, Paul S. Reinsch, David Kinley. For the Argentine Republic. — Antonio Bermejo, Eduardo L. Bidau, Manuel A. Montes de Oca, Epifanio Portela, Carlos Salas, Jose A. Terry, Estanislao S. Zeballos. For the United States of Brazil. — Joaquim Murtinho, Domicio da Gama, Jose L. Almeida Nogueira, Olavo Bilac, Gastao da Cunha, Herculano de Freitas. For the Republic of Chili. — Miguel Cru- chaga Tocornal, Emilio Bello Codecido, Anibal Cruz Diaz, Beltran Mathieu. For the Republic of Colombia. — Roberto Ancizar. For the Republic of Costa Rica. — Alfredo Volio. For the Republic of Cuba. — Carlos Garcia Velez, Rafael Montoro y Valdes, Gonzalo de Queseda Arostegui Antonio Gon- zalo Perez, Jose M. Carbonell. For the Dominican Republic. — ^Americo Lugo. For the Republic of Ecuador. — Alejandro Cdrdenas. For the Republic of Guatemala. — Luis Toledo Herrarte, Manuel Arroyo, Mario Estrada. For the Republic of Haiti. — Constantin Fouchard. For the Republic of Honduras. — Luis Lazo Arriaga For the United Mexican States. — Victoriano Salado Alvarez, Luis Perez Verdia, Antonio Ramos Pedrueza, Roberto A. Esteva Ruiz. For the Republic of Nicaragua. — Manuel Perez Alonso. For the Republic of Panama. — Belisario Porras. For the Republic of Paraguay. — Teodosio Gonzdlez, Jose P. Montero. For the Republic of Peru. — Eugenio Larra- bure y Undnue, Carlos Alvarez Calde- ron, Jos6 Antonio de Lavalle y Pardo. For the Republic of Salvador. — Federico Mejia, Francisco Martinez Sudrez. For the -Republic of Uruguay. — Gonzalo Ramirez, Carlos M. de Pena, Antonio M. Rodriguez, Juan Jos6 Amezaga. For the United States of Venezuela. — Manuel Diaz Rodriguez, Cesar Zumeta. FOUETH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN STATES. 199 Feito e assignado na cidade de Buenos: Aires, aos vinte dias do mez de Agosto de mil novecentos e dez, era hespanhol, jior- tuguez, inglez e fraiicez, e entregue ao Ministerio das Relayoes Exteriores da Re- publica Argentina, para que pe tirem copias authenticadas que serao enviadas, pela via diplomatica, a cada um dos Estado pignatarios. Pelos Estados Unidos da America. — Henry White, Enoch W. Crowder, Lewis Nix- on, John Bassett Moore, Bernard Moses, Lamar C. Quintero, Paul S. Reinsch, David Kinley. Pela Republica Argentina. — Antonio Ber- mejo, Eduardo L. Bidau, Manuel A. Montes de Oca, Epifanio Portela, Carlos Salas, Jose A. Terry, Estanislao S. Ze- ballos. Pelos Estados Unidos do Brasil. — ^Joaquim Murtinho, Domicio da Gama, Jose L. Almeida Nogueira, Olavo Bilac, Gastao da Cunha, Bterculano de Freitas. Pela Republica do Chile. — Miguel Cru- chaga Tocornal, Emilio Bello Codecido, Anibal Cruz Diaz, Beltran Mathieu. Pela Republica da Colombia. — Roberto Anclzar. Pela Republica da Costa Rica. — Alfredo Volio. Pela Republica de Cuba. — Carlos Garcia Velez, Rafael Montoro y Valdes, Gon- zalo de Quesada y Arostegui, Antonio Gonzalo Perez, Jose M. Carbonell. Pela Republica Dominicana. — Americo Lugo. Pela Republica do Equador. — Alejandro Cardenas. Pela Republica de Guatemala. — Luis Tole- do Herrarte, Manuel Arroyo, Mario Estrada. Pela Republica de Haiti. — Constantin Fou- chard . Pela Republica de Honduras. — Luis Lazo Arriaga.. Pelos Estados Unidos do Mexico. — Victo- riano Salado Ah-arez, Luis Perez Ver- dia, Antonio Ramos Pedrueza, Roberto A. Esteva Ruiz. Pela Republica de Nicaragua. — Manuel Perez Alonso. Pela Republica do Panama. — Belisario Porras. Pela Republica do Paraguay. — Teodosio Gonzalez, Jose P. Montero. Pela Republica do Peru. — Eugenie Larra- bure y Unanue, Carlos Alvarez Calde- ron, Jose Antonio de Lavalle y Pardo. Pela Republica do Salvador. — Federico Mejia, Francisco Martinez Suarez. Pela Republica do Uruguay. — Gonzalo Ramirez, Carlos M. de Pena, Antonio M. Rodriguez, Juan Jose Amezaga. Pelos Estados Unidos da Venezuela. — i\Ian- iiel Diaz Rodriguez, Cesar Zumeta. Fait et sign^ a Buenos-Aires, k- vingti- eme jour du mois d' Aodt mil neuf cent dix, en espagnol, en anglais, en i^ortugais et en fran(^ais, et depose au Minist^re des Affaires Etrangeres de la Republique Argentine, pour qu'il en soit fait des copies authentiquees qui seront envoyees, par la voie diplom.atique, a charun des Etats signataires. Pour les Etats-Unis d'Am^rique. — Henry White, Enoch W. Crowder, Lewis Nix- on, John Bassett Moore, Bernard Moses, Lamar C. Quintero, Paul S. Reinsch, DaA'id Kinley. Pour la Republique Argentine. — Antonio Bermejo, Eduardo Bidau, Manuel A. Montes de Oca, Epifanio Portela, Carlos Salas, Jose A. Terry, Estanislao S. Ze- bailos. Pour les Etats-Unis du Bresil. — ^Joaquim Mm'tinho, Domicio da Gama, Jose L. Almeida Nogueira, Olavo Bilac, Gastao da Cunha, Herculano de Freitas. Pour la Republique du Chili. — Miguel Cru- chaga Tocornal, Emilio Bello Codecido, Anibal Cruz Diaz, Beltran Mathieu. Pour la Republique de Colombie. — Roberto Anclzar. Pour la Republique de Costa-Rica. — Alfre- do Volio. Pour la Republique de Cuba. — Carlos Gar- cia Velez, Rafael Montoro y Valdes, Gonzalo de Quesada y Arostegui, Anto- nio Gonzalo Perez, Jose M. Carbonell. Pour la Republique Dominicaine. — Ame- rico Lugo. Pour la Republique de VEquateur. — Ale- jandro Cardenas. Pour la Republique du Guatemala. — Luis Toledo Herrarte, Manuel Arroyo, Mario Estrada. Pour la Republique d^ Haiti. — Constantin Fouchard . Pour la Republique du Honduras. — Luis Lazo Ariaga. Pour les Etats-Unis Mexicains. — Victori- ano Salado Alvarez, Luis Perez Verdla, Antonio Ramos Pedrueza, Roberto A. Esteva Ruiz. Pour la Republique de Nicaragua. — Man- uel Perez Alonso. Pour la Republique de Panama. — Belisario Porras. Pour la Republique du Paraguay. — Teodo- sio Gonzalez, Jose P. Montero. Pour la Republique du Perou. — Eugenie LaiTabure y Unanue, Carlos Alvarez Calderon, Jose Antonio de Lavalle y Pardo. Pour la Republique du Salvador. — Fede- rico Mejia, Francisco Martinez Suarez. Pour la Republique de I' Uruguay. — Gon- zalo Ramirez, Carlos M. de Pena, Anto- nio M. Rodriguez, Juan Jose Amezaga. Pour les Etats-JJnis de Venezuela. — Manuel Diaz Rodriguez, Cesar Zumeta. APPENDIX V (2) CUARTA CONFERENCIA INTERNACIONAL AMERICANA RESOLUCION Reglamentadon aduanera Los que suscriben, Delegados de las Republicas representadas en la Cuarta Conferencia Internacional Americana, debidamente autorizados por sus respec- tivos Gobiernos, han aprobado la siguiente Resolucion: La Cuarta Conferencia Internacional Americana, reunida en Buenos Aires, resuelve: I — Que en el caso de haber sido desem- barcados en determinado puerto, bultos destinados a otro puerto, ya sea nacional 6 extranjero, se permita reembarcar sin multa alguna los referidos bultos, siempre que se demostrare de una manera feha- ciente que era otro su destino verdadero. RESOLUTION Customs regulations The imdersigned, Delegates of the Republics represented at the Fovu-th International American Conference, duly authorized by their respective Govern- ments, have approved the following resolution : The Foiu:th International American Conference, assembled at Buenos Aires, resolves : I. That when packages are landed in a given port, which were destined for another, whether domestic or foreign, said packages may be reloaded without the imposition of any fine, provided that it shall be conclusively proved that their real destination was elsewhere. II — Que para facilitar el pronto de- spacho de buques se expidan instruc- ciones facultando a los recaudadores de Aduanas para autorizar con anticipacion de la llegada del buque, a peticion de los interesados, y en conformidad a los I'eglamentos respectivos, la preparacion de cargamentos de embarque. Ill — Que los respectivos Gobiernos establezcan reglamentos: 1°. Permiti en- do las operaciones de embarque y desem- barque de mercaderias en las horas de la noche, en todos aquellos casos en que sean admisibles a juicio de las autoridades correspondientes, y 2°. autorizando las mismas operaciones y las operaciones simultaneas de embarque y desembarque en el mismo buque, en los dias feriados incluso los domingos, pero con exclusi6n de los dias fiestas nacionales. IV — Que se otorguen facilidades para el transito de mercaderias de comercio inter- nacional por el territorio de los diferentes parses, simplificando hasta donde sea posi- ble la documentacion requerida para esta operacion, sin perjuicio de todas las me- didas necesarias para prevenir el fraude. Que las mercaderias en trdnsito por las vias de comunicacion de un pals cual- 200 II. In order to facilitate the prompt despatch of vessels, that instructions be issued to collectors of customs to author- ize, on request of the interested parties, the preparation of outward cargoes in advance of the arrival of the vessel, sub- ject to necessary customs regulations. III. That regulations be issued by the several Governments to permit the load- ing and unloading of merchandise in the night, in such cases as conditions may permit and in the discretion of the proper authorities; the loading and unloading of vessels on holidays and Sundays in- cluded, except national holidays, and the simultaneous loading and unloading of cargoes on and from the same vessel. IV. That facilities be given to inter- national traffic of foreign merchandise through different countries, simplifying as much as possible the (customs) documenta- tion that is necessary for such operation, taking at the same time all necessary pre- cautions to prevent fraud. It is recom- mended that merchandise in transit over the ways of communication of any coun- try, shall not be subject to charge, only APPENDIX V (2) CUARTA CONFERENCIA INTERNACIONAL AMERICANA RESOLUfAO Regulame7itagao aduaneira Os abaixo assignados, Delegados das Republicas representadas na Quarta Con- ferencia Internacional Americana, devi- damente autorizados pelos seus Governos, appro varam a seguinte Resolufao: A Quarta Confer encia Internacional Americana, reunida em Buenos Aires, resolve : I. Que no caso de terem sido desem- barcados em determinado porto volumes deetinados a outro, seja nacional ou extrangeii'o, seja permittido reembarcar, sem nenhuma multa, os referidos volumes, toda a vez que se provar, de maneira evidente, que era outro o destine verda- deiro. II. Que para facilitar o prompto des- pacho de navios se dem instrucgoes aos col- lectores aduaneiros, para que autorizem, antes da chegada do navio, a pedido dos interessados e de accordo com os respec- tivos regulamentos, a accommoda^ao das cargas a embarcar. III. Que OS respect! vos Governos esta- belegam regulamentos que permittam as operagoes de embarque e desembarque de mercadorias dmante as horas da noite, em todos os casos em que forem admis- siveis, a juizo das correspondentes aucto- ridades, e que tambem autorizem essas operagoes nos dias feriados, inclusive os domingos, exceptuadas as festas nacio- naes. IV. Que se facilite o transito de merca- dorias de commercio international pelo territorio dos differentes paizes, simplifi- cando quanto possivel, a documentagao requerida para essa operagao, sem pre- juizo de todas as medidas necessarias para prevenir fraude. Que as mercadorias em transito pelas vias de communicagao de qualquer paiz, RESOLUTION Reglementation de douane Les soussignes, Delegues des Repub- liques representees a la Quatrieme Con- ference Internationale Americaine, dix- ment autorises par lem's Gouvernements respectifs, ont approuv6 la suivante Reso- lution: La Quatrieme Conference Interna- tionale Americaine, reunie a Buenos- Aires, resout. I. Que dans le cas oil des colis destines k un autre port, soit national, soit etran- ger, amraient ete debarques dans un port determine, il soit permis de reembarquer lesdits colis, sans avoir a payer aucune amende, pourvu qu'il soit demontre, d'une maniere peremptoire, que I'autre port etait celui de sa veritable destina- tion. II. Que dans le but de faciliter la prompte expedition des navires, des instructions soient adressees aux Re- ceveurs des Douanes, pour autoriser, des avant I'arrivee du bateau, k la demande des interess^s et conformement aux regle- ments sur la matiere, la preparation des cargaisons d'embarquement. III. Que les Gouvernements respectifs etablissent des Reglements: 1.° permet- tant les operations d'embarquement et de debarquement des marchandises aux heures de la nuit, dans tons les cas ou la chose serait possible, de I'avis des auto- rites correspondantes ; et, 2.° autorisant les memes operations, et aussi les opera- tions simultanees d'embarquement et de debarquement pour le meme bateau, les jours feries, y compris les dimanches, mais exclusion faite des jours de fetes Nationales. IV. Que Ton accorde des facilites pour le transit des marchandises de commerce international par le territoire des differ- ents paj's, en simplifiant, dans la niesure du possible, les documents requis pour cette operation; sans prejudice de toutes les mesures necessaires poui' prevenir la fraude. Que les marchandises en transit par les voies de communication d'un pays quel- 201 202 FOUETH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN STATES. quiera no esten sujetas a impuesto, debi- endo pagar unicamente los servicios pres- tados por las instalaciones adecuadas de los puertos 6 de los caminos recorridos, y del servicio de vigilancia, en la misma escala en que pagan dichos servicios las mercaderias destinadas al consumo del pals por cuyo suelo se verifica el transito. Se entiende que esta liberacion de dere- clios solo ser^ procedente en aquellos casos en que sea compatible con las circun- stancias especiales, los recursos y las con- diciones economicas del pais de transito. V — Que las administraciones aduaneras de los paises americanos, en caso de con- sulta y de envio de una muestra de cual- quier articulo de importacion, indiquen la clasificacion que hubiera recibido en el arancel aduanero 6 tarifa de avaluo respec- tivo, y los derechos a que en consecuencia estuviese sujeto. Hecho y firmado en la ciudad de Buenos Aires, a los veinte dias del mes de Agosto de mil novecientos diez, en espaiiol, ingles, portugues y frances, y depositado en el Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores de la Republica Argentina, a fin de que se saquen copias certificadas para enviar- las, por la via diplomatica. a cada uno de los Estados signatarios. Por los Estados Unidos de America. — Henry White, Enoch H. Crowd er, Lewis Nixon, John Bassett Moore, Bernard Moses, Lamar C. Quintero, Paul S. Reinsch, David Kinley. Por la Republica Argentina. — Antonio Bermejo, Eduardo L. Bidau, Manuel A. Montes de Oca, Epifanio Portela, Caiios Salas, Jose A. Terry, Estanislao S. Zeballos. Por los Estados Unidos del Brasil. — ^Joa- quim Murtinho, Domicio da Gama, Jos6 L. Almeida Nogueira, Olavo Bilac, Gastao da Cunha, Herculano de Freitas. Por la Republica de Chile. — Miguel Cruch- aga Tocornal, Emilio Bello Codecido, Anibal Cruz Diaz, Beltran Mathieu. Por la Republica de Colombia. — Roberto Ancizar. Por la Repxhblica de Costa Rica. — ^Alfredo Volio. Por la Republica de Cuba. — Carlos Garcia V61ez, Rafael Montoro y Valdes, Gon- zalo de Quesada y Arostegui, Antonio Gonzalo Perez, Jose M. Carbonell. Por la Republica Dominicana. — Americo Lugo. Por la Republica del Ecuador. — Alejandro Cardenas. Por la Republica de Guatemala. — Luis Toledo Herrarte, Manuel Arroyo, Mario Estrada. being obliged to pay for the Hervice.s ren- dered by the adequate installations of the ports or of the roads traversed, and of the service of supervision, on the same .scale that merchandise pays for said services when intended for consumption in the country over whose territory the transit is made. It is understood that this exemption of charges is only proper in all such cases in which they may be compatible with the special circumstances, the resources and the economic conditions of the country of transit. V. It is recommended to the customs administrations of the American coun- tries to indicate, in case their advice is asked and a sample of any article of im- portation is sent, the classification which it should receive in the customs schedule or respective tariff of apraisement, and the duties to which it is consequently subject. Made and signed in the city of Buenos Aires, on the twentieth day of August in the year one thousand nine hundred and ten, in Spanish, English, Portuguese and French, and filed in the Ministry of For- eign Affairs of the Argentine Republic, in order that certified copies be made for transmission to each one of the Signatory Nations through the appropriate diplo- matic channels. For the United States of America. — Henry \Vhite, Enoch H. Crowder, Lewis Nixon, John Bassett Moore, Bernard Moses, Lamar C. Quintero, Paul S. Reinsch, David Kinley. For the Argentine Republic. — Antonio Ber- mejo, Eduardo L. Bidau, Manuel A. Montes de Oca, Epifanio Portela, Carlos Salas, Jose A. Terry, Estanislao S. Zeballos. For the United States of Brazil. — ^Joaquim Murtinho, Domicio da Gama, Jose L. Almeida Nogueira, Olavo Bilac, Gastao da Cunha, Herculano de Freitas. For the Republic of Chili. — Miguel Cruch- aga Tocornal, Emilio Bello Codecido, Anibal Cruz Diaz, Beltran Mathieu. For the Republic of Colombia. — Roberto Ancizar. For the Republic of Costa Rica. — Alfi-edo Volio. For the Republic of Cuba. — Carlos Garcia Velez, Rafael Montoro y Valdes, Gon- zalo de Quesada y Arostegui, Antonio Gonzalo Perez, Jose M. Carbonell. For the Dominican Republic. — Am<^rico Lugo. For the Republic of Ecuador. — Alejandro Cardenas. For the Republic of Guatemala. — Luis Toledo Herrarte, Manuel Arroyo, Mario Estrada. FOUKTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OP AMERICAN STATES. 203 nao fiquem sujeitas a imposlo, devendo pagar somente os servigos prestados pelas installafoes adequadas dos portos ou dos caminhos percorridos e do servifo de vigilancia na mesma proporgao do que pagam por taes servigos as mercadorias destinadas ao consume do paiz em cujo territorio se effectual- o transito. Fica entendido que esta suppressao de direitos 80 sera admissivel nos cases em que for compativel com as circumstancias es- peciaes e com os recursos e condifoes economicas do paiz de transito. V. Recommenda-se as administra^oes aduaneiras dos paizes americanos que indi- quem, em caso de consulta e de remessa de uma amostra de qualquer artigo de importagao, a classificafao prescripts na pauta aduaneira, ou tarifa da respectiva avaliagao, e os direitos a que, por isso, fica sujeito. Feito e assignado na cidade de Buenos Aires, aos vinte dias do mez de Agosto de mil novecentos e dez, em hespanhol, inglez, portuguez e francez e entregue ao Ministerio das Relagoes Exteriores da Republica Argentina, para que se tirem copias authenticadas que serao enviadas, pela via diplomatica, a cada um dos Estados signatarios. Pelos Estados Unidos da America. — Henry White, Enoch W. Crowder, Lewis Nixon, John Bassett Moore, Bernard Moses, Lamar C. Quintero, Paul S. Reinsch, David Kinley. Pela Republica Argentina. — Antonio Ber- mejo, Eduardo L. Bidau, Manuel A. Montes de Oca, Epifanio Portela, Carlos Salas, Jose A. Terry, Estanislao S. Zeballos. Pelos Estados Unidos do Brasil. — ^Joaquim Murtinho, Domicio da Gama, Jose L. Almeida Nogueira, Olavo Bilac, Gastao da Cunha, Herculano de Freitas. Pela Republica do Chile. — Miguel Cru- chaga Tocornal, Emilio Bello Codecido, Anibal Cruz Diaz, Beltran Mathieu. Pela Rejniblica da Colombia. — Roberto Ancizar. Pela Republica da Costa Rica. — Alfredo Volio. Pela Republica de Cuba. — Carlos Garcia Velez, Rafael Montoro y Valdes, Gonzalo de Quesada y Arostegui, Antonio Gon- zalo Perez, Jose M. Carbonell. Pela Republica Dominicana. — Americo Lugo. Pela Republica do Equador. — Alejandro Cardenas. Pela Republica de Guatemala. — Luis To- ledo Herrarte, Manuel Arroyo, Mario Estrada. conque ne soient pas assujetties a I'impot, mais seulement au paieraent des services rendus par les installations ad^quates des ports utilises et des chemins parcourus et par le service de surveillance, aux memes tarifs que ceux qui sont payes jjar les marchandises destinees a etre consom- mees dans le pays sur le territoire duquel s'effectue le transit. II est entendu que cette liberation de droit ne sera operante que dans les cas ou elle serait compatible avec les circonstances speciales, les ressources et les conditions (Sconomiques du pays de transit. V. Que les administrations douanieres des pays americains, en cas de demande de renseignements et d'envoi d'un echan- tillon quelconque d'un article d'impor- tation, indiquent la classification qu'il aurait re^ue dans le tarif douanier ou tarif d'evaluation particuliere, et les droits auxc^uels il serait assujetti en con- sequence. Fait et signe a Buenos-Aires, le ving- tieme jour du mois d'Aout mil neuf cent dix, en espagnol, en anglais, en portugais et en fran^ais et depose au Ministere des Affaires Etrangeres, de la Republique Argentine, afin qu'il en soit fait des copies authentiquees qui seront envoyees,^ par la voie diplomatique, a chacun des Etats signataires. Pour les Etats-Unis d'Amerique. — -Henry White, Enoch W. Crowder, Lewis Nixon, John Bassett Moore, Bernard Moses, Lamar C. Quintero, Paul S. Reinsch, David Kinley. Pour la Republique Argentine. — Antonio Bermejo, Eduardo L. Bidau, Manuel A. Montes de Oca, Epifanio Portela, Carlos Salas, Jose A. Terry, Estanislao S. Zeballos, Pour les Etats-Unis du Bresil. — ^Joaquim Murtinho, Domicio da Gama, Jose L. Almeida Nogueira, Olavo Bilac, Gastao da Cunha, Herculano de Freitas. Pour la Republique du Chili. — Miguel Cru- chaga Tocornal, Emilio Bello Codecido, Anibal Cruz Diaz, Beltran Mathieu. Pour la Republique de Colombie. — Roberto Ancizar. Pour la Republique de Costa-Rica. — Al- fredo Volio. Pour la Republique de Cuba. — Carlos Gar- cia Velez, Rafael Montoro y Valdes, Gonzalo de Quesada y Ar6stegui, An- tonio Gonzalo Perez, Jose M. Carbonell. Pour la Republique Dominicaine. — Amer- ico Lugo. Pour la Republique de VEquateur. — Ale- jandro Cardenas. Pour la Republique du Guatemala. — Luis Toledo Herrarte, Manuel Arroyo, ]\Iario Estrada. 204 FOURTH INTERNATIONAL. CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN STATES. For la Republica de Haiti. — Constantin Fouchard. For la Republica de Honduras. — Luis Lazo Arriaga. For los Estados Unidos Mexicanos. — Vic- toriano Salado Alvarez, Luis Perez Verdia, Antonio Ramos Pedrueza, Roberto A. Esteva Ruiz. For la Republica de Nicaragua. — Manuel Perez Alonso. For la Rep'&blica de Panama. — Belisario Porras. For la Republica del Paraguay. — ^Teodosio Gonzdlez, Jose P. Montero. For la Republica del Ferii. — Eugenio La- rrabure y TJndnue, Carlos Alvarez Cal- der6n, Jos6 Antonio de Lavalle y Pardo. For la Republica de El Salvador. — Federico Mejia, Francisco Martinez Su4rez. For la Republica del Uruguay. — Gonzalo Ramirez, Carlos M. de Pena, Antonio M. Rodriguez, Juan Jose Amezaga. For los Estados Unidos de Venezuela. — Manuel Diaz Rodriguez, Cesar Zumeta. For the Republic of Haiti. — Constantin Fouchard. For the Republic of Honduras. — Luis Lazo Arriaga. For the United Mexican States. — Victori- ano Salado Alvarez, Luis P6rez Verdia, Antonio Pi-amos Pedrueza, Roberto A. Estevd Ruiz. For the Republic of Nicaragua. — Manuel Perez Alonso. For the Republic of Panama. — Belisario Porras. For the Republic of Paraguay. — Teodosio Gonzalez, Jose P. Montero. For the Republic of Peru. — Eugenio Larra- bure y Undnue, Carlos Alvarez Calde- r6n, Jos6 Antonio de Lavelle y Pardo. For the Republic of Salvador. — Federico Mejla, Francisco Martinez Sudrez. For the Republic of Uruguay. — Gonzalo Ramirez, Carlos M. de Pena, Antonio M. Rodriguez, Juan Jos6 Amezaga. For the United States of Venezuela. — ^Man- uel Diaz Rodriguez, Cesar Zumeta. FOUKTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN STATES. 205 Pela Republica de Haiti. — Oonstantin Fouchard. Pela Republica de Honduras. — Luis Lazo Arriaga. Pelos Estados Unidos do Mexico. — Vic- toriano Salado Alvarez, Luis P6rez Verdia, Antonio Ramos Pedrueza, Ro- berto A. Esteva Ruiz. Pela Republica de Nicaragua. — Manuel Perez Alonso. Pela Republica do Panamd. — Belisario Porras. Pela Republica do Paraguay. — Teodosio Gonzdlez, Jose P. Montero. Pela Republica do Peru. — Eugenio Larra- bure y Unanue, Carlos Alvarez Cal- der6n, Jos6 Antonio de Lavalle y Pardo. Pela Republica do Salvador. — Federico Mejia, Francisco Martinez Suarez. Pela Republica do Uruguay. — Gonzalo Ramirez, Carlos M. de Pena, Antonio M. Rodriguez, Juan Jose Amezaga. Pelos Estados Unidos da Venezuela. — ^Man- uel Diaz Rodriguez, Cesar Zumeta. Pour la Republique d' Haiti. — Constantin Fouchard. Pour la Republique du Honduras. — Luis Lazo Ariaga. Pour les Etats-Unis Mcxicains. — Victoriano Salado Alvarez, Luis Perez Verdfa, Antonio Ramos Pedrueza, Roberto A. Esteva Ruiz. Pour la Republique de Nicaragua. — Man- uel P^rez Alonso. Pour la Republique de Panama. — Belisdrio Porras. Pour la Republique du Paraguay. — Teo- dosio Gonzalez, Jose P. Montero. Pour la Republique du Perou. — Eugenio Larrabure y Undnue, Carlos Alvarez Calderon, Jose Antonio de Lavalle y Pardo. Pour la Republique du Salvador. — Fed- erico Mejia, Francisco Martinez Suarez. Pour la Rep'Ablique de V Uruguay. — Gon- zalo Ramirez, Carlos M. de Pena, An- tonio M. Rodriguez, Juan Jose Ame- zaga. Pour les Etats-Unis de Venezuela. — Man- uel Diaz Rodriguez, C&ar Zumeta. APPENDIX V (3). CUARTA CONFEREKCIA INTERNACIONAL AMERICANA RESOLUCION RESOLUTION Seccion de comercio, aduanas y estadisticas Section of commerce, customs and statistics Los que suscriben, Delegados de las Repiiblicas representadas en la Cuarta Conferencia Internacional Americana, debidamente autorizados por sus respecti- vos Gobiemos, ban aprobado la siguiente Resolucion: La Cuarta Conferencia Internacional Americana, reunida en Buenos Aires, resuelve: I. Encarecer al Consejo Directivo de la Union Pan-Americana el establecimiento de la seccion de comercio, aduanas y estadisticas, recomendada ya por la Con- ferencia Internacional de Rio de Janeiro. Esta seccion enviara un perito en materias aduaneras a los diferentes parses ameri- canos con el objeto de reunir las leyes, los reglamentos aduaneros y consulares, y de publicarlos en una compilacion que permita hacer facilmente el estudio com- parative de estas disposiciones y que pueda servir de libro de consulta al co- mercio internacional. II. Que el Consejo Directivo de la Unidn Pan-Americana envie a los Gobi- ernos de las Naciones representadas en esta Conferencia, con un afiio de antici- pacion a la fecha en que tendra lugar la pr6xima, un informe sobre los siguientes asuntos: 1." Derecbos a que esta sujeta la nave- gacion en los puertos de los paises ameri- canos. 2.° Documentos que deben acompanar a las solicitudes presentadas a las Aduanas para el despacho de mercaderias; forma y requisites de estas solicitudes y posibilidad de adoptar un modelo uniforme. 3.° Sistemas de avaliio de las merca- derias para el pago de los derechos adua- neros y la formacion de las estadisticas comerciales en America; ventajas e in- con venientes de los diferentes sistemas. 4° Organizacion de las oficinas de Aduana y tramitacion del despacho aduanero. 206 The undersigned, Delegates of the Re- publics represented at the Fourth Inter- national American Conference, duly authorized by their respectiAe Govern- ments, have approved the following Resolution : The Fourth International American Conference, assembled at Buenos Aires, resolves : I. — The Governing Board of the Pan- American Union is urged to create the section of commerce, customs and statis- tics recommended by the International Conference of Rio de Janeiro. This sec- tion shall send an expert in customs mat- ters to the different American countries for the purpose of compiling customs and consular laws, regulations and practice, which compilation shall be published in such form as to facilitate a comparative study of such matters and serve as a work of reference for international commerce. II. — The Governing Board of the Pan American Union shall send to the nations represented in this Conference, one year prior to the date of the meeting of the next Conference, a report upon the follow- ing matters: 1. Charges to which navigation is sub- ject in the ports of the American countries. 2. Documents which must accompany the petitions presented to the custom- house for the despatch of merchandise; the form and reqmrements of these peti- tions and the practicability of adopting a form common to all. 3. A system of appraisement of mer- chandise for the payment of customs duties, and the publication of the com- mercial statistics of America, together with the advantages and disadvantages of the different systems. 4. Organization of customs offices and procedure in customs administration. APPENDIX V (3) CUARTA CONFERENCIA INTERNACIONAL AMERICANA. RESOLUfAO RESOLUTION Sec^odecommerdo,alfandegas e estatisticas Section commerce, doumies et statistiques Os abaixo assignados, Delegados das Republicas representadas na Quarta Con- ferencia Internacional Americana, devi- damente autorizados pelos seus respecti- vos Governos, approvaram a seguinte Resolugao : A Quarta Conferencia Internacional Americana, reunida em Buenos Aires, resolve : I. Recommenda-se ao Gonselho Direc- tor da Uniao Pan-Americana que esta- belega a Sec^ao de Commercio, Alfandegas e Estatisticas ja recommendada pela Con- ferencia Internacional do Rio de Janeiro. Esta Secfao mandara um perito em ma- terias aduaneiras aos differentes paizes americanos, com o fim de compilar as leis e regulamentos aduaneiros e con- sulares, e publical-os, reunidos de modo a facilitar o estudo comparativo d'essas disposigoes e a servir de livi'o de consulta para o commercio internacional. II. Que Conselho Director da Uniao Pan-Americana remetta aos Governos das Na^oes representadas n'esta Conferencia, um anno antes da data da proxima Con- ferencia, um relatorio sobre os seguintes aesumptos : !.• Direitoa a que esta sujeita a nave- gagao nos portos dos paizes americanos. 2." Documentor que devem acompan- har OS requerimentos apresentados ds alfandegas para o despacho de merca- dorias; forma e requisitos desses requeri- mentos e possibilidade de adoptar um modelo uniforme. 3.° Systemas de avaliagao das merca- dorias para o pagamento dos direitos adua- neii'os e formagao das estatisticas com- merciaes na America; vantagens e incou- venientes dos-differentes systemas. 4.° Organizagao das Secretarias da Al- fandega e tramites do despacho aduaneiro. Les soussign^s, D^legues des Republi- ques representees a la Quatrieme Con- ference Internationale Americaine, de- ment autoris^s par leurs Gouvemements respectifs, ont approuve la Resolution sui- vante: La Quatrieme Conference Interna- tionale Americaine, reunie a Buenos- Aires, resout: I. Recommander au Conseil Directeur de rUnion Pan-Americaine I'etablisse- ment de la section de Commerce, Douanes et Statistiques deja recommandee par la Conference Internationale de Rio de Janeiro. Cette section enverra un expert en ma- tiferes douanieres dans les difterents pays americains dans le but de reunir les lois et rfeglements douaniers et consulaires, et de les publier dans un recueil qui per- mettra de faire facilement I'etude con- parative de ces dispositions et qui pourra servir de Livre de Renseignements au commerce international II . Que le Conseil Directeur de I'llnion Pan-Am6ricaine envoie aux Gouveme- ments des Nations representees a cette Conference, et ce, une annee avant la date a laquelle aura lieu la prochaine, un rap- port sur les questions suivantes: 1.° Droits auxquels est assujettie la navigation dans les ports des pays ameri- cains; 2." Documents qui doivent accom- pagner les demandes presentees en douane pour le retrait des marchandises ; forme et formalites de ces demandes et possibilite d'adopter un module uniforme. 3.° Syst^me d'evaluation des marchan- dises pour le paiement des droits de douane.et i'etablissement des statistiques commerciales en Am^rique; avantages et inconvenients des differents systemes; 4.° Organisation des bureaux de Douane et fonctionnement du retrait en douane. 207 208 FOUETH INTERNATIONAL. CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN STATES. 5." Otras medidas cuya adopcion podria recomendarse con el objeto de uniformar la administracion aduanera y consular de las Republicas Americanas. III. Recomendar 4 la Oficina de las Republicas Americanas la formacion de un vocabulario de las diferentes expre- siones y sinonimos empleados en los paises de America para designar unos mismos articulos y productos, con sus equivalentes en ingles, frances y portu- gues. En esta compilacion se indicaran en la forma que la Union Pan- Americana estime mas conveniente, los derechos aduaneros que graven dichos articulos en las diferentes Republicas del Continente y la clasificacion que hubieren recibido en la tarifa de avaluos. Para formar esta compilacion se reco- mienda que la Comision Pan-Americana de cada Repiiblica, formule y comunique a la Union, la lista de los articulos cuya designacion en el respectivo pais tuviere un significado especial, 6 no fuera de uso general en America con la equivalente en castellano cuando la hubiere; indican- dose, tambien, los demas datos que fuera del caso acompaiiar. La seccion de aduanas, comercio y estadisticas de la Union, coordinara, en vista de estos datos, la precitada nomenclatura. Hecho y firmado en la ciudad de Buenos Aires, a los veinte dias del mes de Agosto de mil novecientos diez, en espanol, ingles, portugues y frances, y depositado en el Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores de la Republica Argentina, a fin de que se saquen copias certificadas para enviarlas, por la via diplomatica, a cada uno de los Estados signatarios. Por los Estados Unidos de America. — Henry White, Enoch H. Crowder, Lewis Nixon, John Bassett Moore, Ber- nard Moses, Lamar C. Quintero, Paul S. Reinsch, David Kinley. Por la Republica Argentina. — Antonio Bermejo, Eduardo L. Bidau, Manuel A. Montes de Oca, Epifanio Portela, Carlos Salas, Jose A. Terry, Estanislao S. Zeballos. Por los Estados Unidos del Brasil. — ^Joa- quim Murtinho, Domicio da Gama, Jose L. Almeida Norgueira, Olavo Bilac, Gastao da Ounha, Herculano de Fi'eitas. Por la Republica de Chile. — ^Miguel Cru- chaga Tocornal, Emilio Bello Code- cido, Anibal Cruz Diaz, BeltrAn Mathieu. Por la Republica de Colombia. — Roberto Ancizar. Por la Repibblica de Costa Rica. — Alfredo Volio. 5. Such other measures as might be proposed for the purpose of rendering uniform the customs and consular admin- istration of the American Republics. IIL — The Pan American Union is urged to prepare a nomenclature of the different expressions and synonyms em- ployed in the countries of America to designate the same articles and products, with their English, Spanish, French, and Portuguese equivalents. In this compi- lation there shall be included in the manner considered best by the Pan American Union the customs duties imposed on each article in the different Republics of the hemisphere and the classification which it may have received in the schedule of values. In order to prepare this compilation it is recommended that the Pan American Committee in each Republic should for- mulate and communicate to the L^nion of the American Republics the list of the articles, the designation whereof may have in the respective country a special signification, or one not in general use in America, with the Spanish equivalent, if any, including also appropriate data to be furnished in each case. The section of customs, commerce and statistics of the Union shall coordinate from these data the above mentioned nomenclature. Made and signed in the city of Buenos Aires, on the twentieth day of August in the year one thousand nine hundred and ten, in Spanish, English, Portuguese and French, and filed in the Ministry of For- eign Affairs of the Argentine Republic, in order that, certified copies be made for transmission to each one of the signatory nations through the appropriate diplo- matic channels. For the United States of America. — Henry White, Enoch H. Crowder, Lewis Nixon, John Bassett Moore, Bernard Moses, Lamar C. Quintero, Paul S. Reinsch, David Kinley. For the Argentine Republic. — Antonio Bermejo, Eduardo L. Bidau, Manuel A. Montes de Oca, Epifanio Portela, Carlos Salas, Jose A. Terry, Estanislao S. Zeballos. For the United States of Brazil. — ^Joaquim Murtinho, Domicio da Gama, Jose L. Almeida Norgueira, Olavo Bilac, Gas- tao da Cunha, Herculano de Freitas. For the Republic of Chili. — Miguel Cru- chaga Tocornal, Emilio Bello Codecido, Anibal Cruz Diaz, Beltran Mathieu. For the Republic of Colombia.— B-oherto Ancizar. For the Republic of Costa Rica. — Alfredo Volio. FOURTH INTERNATIONAL CONPERENOE OF AMERICAN STATES. 209 5." Outrat? medidas cuja adop^ao se possa recommendar, com o fim de uni- formizar a administrat^ao aduaneira e con- sular das Republicas Americanas. III. Recommendar 4 Secretaria das Republicas Americanas que forme um vocabulario das differentes expressoes e synonimos usados nos paizes da America para designar os artigos e productos da mesma classe, com os sens equivalentes em inglez, hespanhol, francez e portu- guez. N'essa combinagao se indicarao, na forma que a Uniao Pan-Americana julgar mais conveniente os direitos adua- neiros que pesem sobre taes artigos nas differentes Republicas do Continente, e a classificafao mencionada na tarifa de avaliagoes. Para formar esta compiligao, recom- menda-se que a Commissao Pan-Ameri- cana de cada Republica, formule e com- munique a Uniao Americana a lista dos artigos cuja designayao no respectivo paiz tiver um significado especial ou nao f6r de uso geral na America, como equivalente em hespanhol, quando o tiver, indicando- ae tambem todos os dados cujo forneci- mento possa ser util. A Secgao de Com- mercio, Atfandega e Estatisticas da Uniao coordenara, com estes dados a vista, a precitada nomenclatura. Feito e assignado na cidade de Buenos Aires, aos vinte dias do mez de Agosto de mil novecentos e dez, em hespanhol, in- glez, portuguez e francez, e entregue ao Ministerio das Rela^oes Exteriores da Re- publica Argentina, para que se tirem copias authenticadas que serao enviadas, pela via diplomatica, a cada um dos Estados signatarios. Pelos Estados Unidos da America. — Henry White, Enoch H. Crowd er, Lewis Nixon, John Bassett Moore, Bernard Moses, Lamar C. Quintero, Paul S. Reinsch, David Kinley. Pela Republica Argentina. — Antonio Ber- mejo, Eduardo L. Bidau, Manuel A. Montes de Oca, Epifanio Portela, Carlos Salas, Jose A. Terry, Estanislao S. Ze- ballos. Pelos Estados Unidos do Brcsil. — Joaquim Murtinho, Domicio da Gama, Jos^ L. Almeida Nogueira. Olavo Bilac, Gastao da Cunha, Herculano de Freitas. Pela Republica do Chile. — Miguel Cru- chaga Tocornal, Emilio BelloCodecido, Anibal Cruz Diaz, Beltran Mathieu. Pela Republica da Colombia. — Roberto Ancizar. Pela Republica da Costa Rica. — Alfredo Volio. 740.34— S. Doc. 744. 61-3 14 5 . Autres mesures dont I'adoptiou pourrait etre recommand6e dans le but d'uniformiser 1' ad ministration douani^re et consulaire des republiques aniericainea. III. Recommander au bureau des Re- publiques Americaines la formation d'un vocabulaire des differentes expressions et synonymes employes dans les pays d'Amerique pour designer quelques memes articles et produits, avec leurs equivalents, en anglais, en frangais, et en portugais. Dans ce recueil on indiquera, dans la forme que 1' Union Pan-Americaine jugera la meilleure, les droits de Douane dont les dits articles seront greves dans les differentes R,epubliques du Continent, et la classification qui leur aurait ete at- tribuee dans le tarif des evaluations. Pour foi-mer ce recueil il est reconx- mande que la Commission Pan-Ameri- caine de chaque Republique, formule et communique a I'Union la liste des articles dunt la designation dans le pays respectif aurait une signification speciale, ou ne serait pas d'un usage general en Am6rique, avec I'equivalent en Espagnol quand il y aurait lieu d'y joindre. La section de Douanes, Commerce et Statistiques de rUnion coordonnera, en vue de ces reu- seignements, la nomenclature precitee. Fait et signe a Buenos-Aires, le ving- tieme jour du mois d'Aout mil neuf cent dix, en espagnol, anglais, portugais et frangais, et depose au Ministere des Af- faires Etrangeres de la Republique Argen- tine, pour qu'il en soit fait des copies au- thentiquees qui seront envoyees, par la voie diplomatique, a chacun des Etats sig- nataires. Pour les Etats-Unis d'Amerique. — Henry A-^Tiite, Enoch H. Crowder, Lewis Nixon, John Bassett Moore, Bernard Moses, Lamar C. Quintero, Paul S. Reinsch, David Kinley. Pour la Republique Argentine. — Antonio Bermejo, Eduardo L. Bidau, Manuel A. Montes de Oca, Epifanio Portela, Carlos Salas, Jose A. Terry, Estanislao S. Zeballos. Pour les E'ats-Unis du Bresil. — Joaquim Mmtinho, Domicio da Gama, Jos6 L. Almeida Nogueira, Olavo Bilac, Gastao da Cunha, Herculano de Freitas. Pour la Republique du Chili. — Miguel Cruchaga Tocornal, Emilio Bello Code- cido, Anibal Cruz Diaz, Beltr4n Mathieu. Pour la Republique de Colombie. — Roberto Ancizar. Pour la Republique de Costa-Rica. — Al- fredo Volio. 210 FOURTH INTERNATIONAIi CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN STATES. For la Kepublicu de Cuba. — Carlos Garcfa V61ez, Rafael Montoro y Valdes, Gon- zalo de Quesada y Arostegui, Antonio Gonzalo Perez, Jose M. Carbonell. Por la liepiiblica Dominicana. — Americo Lugo. Por la Republica del Ecuador. — Alejandro Cdrdenas. Por la Bepublica de Guatemala. — Luis Toledo Herrarte, Manuel Arroyo, Mario Estrada. Por la Ref&blica de Haiti. — Constantin Fouchard. Por la Reptlblica de Honduras. — Luis Lazo Arriaga. Por los Estados Unidos Mexicanos. — Victoriano Salado Alvarez, Luis Perez Verdia, Antonio Ramos Pedrueza, Roberto A. Esteva Ruiz. Por la Repiiblica de Nicaragua. — ^Manuel P^rez Alonso. Por la Repvbblica de Panamd.—Belisa,no Porras. Por la Republica del Paraguay. — Teodo- sio Gonzalez, Jose P. Montero. Por la Reptlblica del Perit. — Eugenio Lar- rabure y Unanue, Carlos Alvarez Cal- der6n, Jose Antonio de Lavalle y Pardo. Por la Republica de El Salvador. — Federico Mejia, Francisco Martinez Suarez. Por la RepiXblica del Uruguay. — Gonzalo Ramirez, Carlos M. de Pena, Antonio M. Rodriguez, Juan Jose Amezaga. Por los Estados Unidos de Venezuela.- — Manuel Diaz Rodriguez, Cesar Zumeta. For the Republic of Cuba. — Carlos Garcia Velez, Rafael Montoro y Valdes, Gon- zalo de Quesada y Aroslegui, Antonio Gonzalo Perez, Jose M. Carbonell. For the Dominican Republic. — Americo Lugo. For the Republic of Ecuador. — Alejandro Cardenas. For the Republic of Guatemala. — Luia Toledo Herrarte, Manuel Arroyo, Mario Estrada. For the Republic of Haiti. — Constantin Fouchard . For the Republic of Honduras. — Luis Lazo Arriaga. For the United Mexican States. — Victo- riano Salado Alvarez, Luis Perez Ver- dia, Antonio Ramos Pedrueza, Roberto A. Estava Ruiz. For the Republic of Nicaragua. — Manuel Perez Alonso. For the Republic of Panama. — Belisario Porras. For the Republic of Paraguay. — Teodosio Gonzalez, Jose P. Montero. For the Republic of Peru.— Engenio Lar- rabure y Undnue, Carlos Alvarez Cal- deron, Jose Antonio de Lavalle y Pardo. For the Republic of Salvador. — Federico Mejia, Francisco Martinez Suarez. For the Republic of Uruguay. — Gonzalo Ramirez, Carlos M. de Pena, Antonio M. Rodriguez, Juan Jose Amezaga. For the United States of Venezuela. — • Manuel Diaz Rodriguez, Cesar Zumeta. FOURTH INTERNATIONAL, CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN STATES. 211 Pela Repuhllca de Cuba. — Carlos Garcia Velez, Rafael Montoro y Valdes, Gon- zalo de Quesada y Arostegui, Antonio Gonzalo Perez, Jos^ M. Carbonell. Pela Eepublica Dominicana. — Americo Lugo. Pela Re-puhlica do Equador. — Alejandro Cardenas. Pela Repuhlica de Guatemala. — Luis To- ledo Herrarte, Manuel Arroyo, Mario Estrada. Pela Repuhlica de Haiti. — Constantin Fouchard. Pela Repuhlica de Honduras. — Luis Lazo Arriaga. Pelos Estados Unidos do -^lexico. — Vic- toriano Salado Alvarez, Luis Perez Ver- dia, Antonio Ramos Pedrueza, Roberto A. Esteva Ruiz. Pela Repuhlica de Nicaragua. — Manuel Perez Alonso. Pela Repuhlica do Panamd. — Belisario Porras. Pela Repuhlica do Paraguay. — Teodosio Gonzalez, Jose P. Montero. Pela Repuhlica do Peru. — Eugenio Larra- bure y Unanue, Carlos Alvarez Cal- deron, Jose Antonio de Lavalle y Pardo. Pela Repuhlica do Salvador. — Federico Mejia, Francisco Martinez Sudrez. Pela Repuhlica do Uruguay. — Gonzalo Ramirez, Carlos M. de Pena, Antonio M. Rodriguez, Juan Jose Amezaga. Pelos Estados Unidos da Venezuela. — Manuel Diaz Rodriguez, Cesar Zumeta. Pour la Republique de Cuba. — Carlos Garcia Velez, Rafael Montoro y Valdes, Gonzalo de Quesada y Ar6stegui, An- tonio Gonzalo Perez, Jose M. Carbonell. Pour la Republique JDominicaine.—Auie- rico Lugo. Pour la Republique de VEquateur. — Ale- jandro Cardenas. Pour la Republique du Guatemala. — Luis Toledo Herrarte, Manuel Arroyo, Mario Estrada. Pour la Republique d'Ha'iti. — Constantin Fouchard. Poitr la Republique du Honduras. — Luis Lazo Ariaga. Pour les Etats-Unis Mexicains. — Victori- ano Salado Alvarez, Luis Perez Verdia, Antonio Ramos Pedrueza, Roberto A. Esteva Ruiz. Pour la Republique de Nicaragua. — Manuel Perez Alonso. Pour la Republique de Panama. — Belisario Porras. Pour la Republique du Paraguay. — Theo- dosio Gonzalez, Jose P. Montero. Pour la Republique du Perou. — Eugenio Larrabure y Unanue, Carlos Alvarez Calderon, Jose Antonio de Lavalle y Pardo. Pour la Republique du Salvador. — Fede- rico Mejia, Francisco Martinez Sudrez. Pour la Republique de V Uruguay. — Gon- zalo Ramirez, Carlos M. de Pena, An- tonio M. Rodriguez, Juan Jose Amezaga. Pour les Etats-Unis de Venezuela. — Manuel Diaz Rodriguez, Cesar Zumeta. APPENDIX V (4). CUARTA CONFERENCIA INTERNACIONAL AMERICANA. RESOLUCION Estadisticas covierdales Los que suscriben, Delegados de las Repiiblicas representadas en la Cuarta Conferencia Internacional Americana, debidamente autorizados por sus respec- tivos Gobiernos, ban aprobado la sig- uiente Resolucion: La Cuarta Conferencia Internacional Americana, reunida en Buenos Aires, resuelve: Que se proceda por la seccion de comer- cio, aduanas y estadistica dirigida 6 asesorada por personas de pericia recon- ocida en estos asuntos, a realizar los siguientes trabajos: 1.° Compilar y ordenar todos los datos y antecedentes que puedan necesitarse para el cabal conocimiento y acertado estudio de los procedimientos seguidos en las Repiiblicas Americanas para la formacion de sus estadisticas del comercio exterior, asi generates como especiales, a saber: las clasificaciones, agrupaciones, definiciones y nomenclatiu-a, usadas en la mismas; el criterio seguido para la fijacion de los valores de las importa- ciones y exportaciones, para la deter- minacion del pals de origen de las mer- caderlas y sus procedencia, y la del des- tino de las exportaciones, para las equiva- lencias monetarias y cuantos particulares puedan conducir al objeto expresado. 2. Formular, en vista de los datos y antecedentes a que se refiere la clausula que precede, un informe comparative de las Estadisticas de las Repiiblicas Ameri- canas, seiialando las principales diver- gencias entre los metodos y procedi- mientos empleados en las mismas. 3.° Forumlar un proyecto de bases que serd sometido d los respectivos Gobiernos, d fin de que las examinen y confieran, en su oportunidad, las instrucciones que estimen convenientes d sus Delegados en la Quinta Conferencia Pan- Americana, 6 en un Congreso Especial que al efecto se reuna, si la Conferencia hubiera de a^lazarse, 6 se acordara por el Consejo Directive de la Uni6n Pan- Americana 212 RESOLUTION Commercial statistics The undersigned, Delegates of the Republics represented in the Fourth In- ternational American Conference, duly authorized by their respective Govern- ments, have approved the following reso- lution : The Fourth International American Conference, assembled at Buenos Aires, resolves: That the section of commerce, customs and statistics, directed or advised by per- sons of recognized skill in such matters, shall perform the following duties: 1. To compile and arrange all the data and antecedents needful for a precise knowledge and exact study of the proc- esses observed in the American Repub- lics for the formation of their statistics of foreign commerce, both general and special, i. e. the classification, grouping, definition, and nomenclature used there- in, the standard observed in determining the value of imports and exports, in fix- ing the country of origin of the commodi- ties and the places from which they come, as well as in ascertaining the destination of exports, and in determining monetary equivalents and other details that may conduce to the objects in question. 2. To prepare, with the data and ante- cedents mentioned in the paragraph pre- ceding, a comparative report on the sta- tistics of the American Republics, indi- cating the chief difficulties existing in the methods and processes employed therein. 3. To draw up a program of bases, which shall be submitted to the respec- tive Governments for their inspection and for the purpose of preparing such instruc- tions as they may deem proper, which in due time may be given to their Delegates to the Fifth Pan-American Conference, or to a special Congress assembled for that object if the Conference were to be post- poned, or if the Governing Board of the APPENDIX V (4) CHART A CONFERENCIA INTERNACIONAL AMERICANA RESOLUfAO Estatisticas commerciaes Os abaixo assignados, Delegados das Republicas representadas na Quarta Con- ferencia Internacional Americana, devi- damente autorizados pelos seus respec- tivos Governos, appro varam a seguinte Resolu^ao: A Quarta Conferencia Internacional Americana, reunida em Buenos Aires, resolve: Que a Sec^ao de Commercio, Alfandegas e Estatisticas, diiigida por peritos, trate de realizar os seguintes trabalhos: 1°. Compilagao e coordena^ao de todos OS dados e antecedentes que possam ser necessarios para o perfeito conhecimento e estudo dos processos adoptados pelas Republicas Americanas para a formagao de estatisticas de commercio exterior, tanto geraes como especiaes, a saber: classificayoes, agrupamentos, definifoes e nomenclatui'as usadas nas mesmas esta- tisticas; systema seguido para a deter- minagao dos valores das importagoes e exporta^oes, e para a designa^ao do paiz de origem das mercadorias e procedencias, e a do destino das exportayoes para as equivalencias monetarias; e tudo quanto se referii- ao fim expressado. 2°. Preparo, com os dados e antece- dentes a vista, relativos a clausula prece- dente, de um relatorio comparativo das estatisticas das Republicas Americanas, dando a conhecer as principaes divergen- cias entre os methodos e processos usados nas mesmas. 3.° — Preparo de um projecto de bases, que sera submettido aos respectivos Gov- ernos, com o fim de que estes as exami- nem, e dem, opportunamente, instrucfoes sobre tal projecto, aos seus delegados a Quinta Conferencia Internacional Ameri- cana, ou aos de um Congresso Especial que para isso se reuna, se a Conferencia tiver de ser adiada, ou, ainda, se o Conselho Director da Uniao Pan-Americana re- RESOLUTION Statistiques commerciales Les soussi»nes, Delegues des Repu- bliques representees a la Quatrieme Con- ference Internationale Americaine, dfj- ment autorises par leurs Gouvernements respectifs, ont approuve la suivante Reso- lution: La Quatrieme Conference Internatio- nale Americaine, reunie a Buenos-Aires, resout: Que la Section de Commerce, Douanea et Statistiques, dirigee ou conseillee par des personnes de competence reconnue dans ces affaires, procede a la realisation des travaux suivants: 1^. Compiler et tenu- a jom* tons les renseignements et antecedents qui peu- vent etre necessaires pom* la complete con- naissance et etude des precedes sui\ds dans les Republiques Americaines pour la formation de leurs statistiques du com- merce exterieur, soit generales, soit speciales, a saA^oir: les classifications, groupements, definitions et nomencla- ture en usage dans les dites Republiques; le criterium suivi pour 1' estimation des valeiirs des importations et exportations, pour la determination du pays d'origine des marchandises et leur provenance, et celle de la destination des exportations, pom" les equivalences monetaii'es, en un mot, tons les renseignements qui peuvent servii' au but indique. 2°. Formuler, en vue des informations et antecedents dont il est question, un rapport comparatif des Statistiques des Republiques Americaines, en signalant les principales divergences entre les methodes et procedes employes dans les dites Republiques. 3.° Formuler un projet de bases qui sera soumis aux Gouvernements respectifs, afin qu'il soit examine et que ceux-ci, donnent, opportunement, les instructions qu'ils estimeraient devoir dieter a leurs Delegues a la Cinquieme Conference Pan- Americaine, ou au Congres Special qui se reunirait a cet effet si la Conference devait Stre renvoyee, ou s'il etait decide par le Conseil Directeur de I'Union Pan-Am6ri- 213 214 FOURTH INTBEZSrATIONAL CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN STATES. recomendar la celebraci6n de un Congreso Especial, en vista del cardcter t^cnico de los asuntos aduaneros y estadisticos, y una vez terminados ios estudios e informes encomendados a la seccion de comercio, aduana y estadlstica. El proyecto de bases que deberd presentar la seccion de comercio, adu- anas y estadlstica, versara sobre las eiguientes cuestiones: a) Procedimientos uniformes para la fijacion de los valores del comercio inter- nacional, d fin de que puedan compararse eficazmente las estadisticas y servir de base d los acuerdos 6 convenciones que en materia de comercio 6 de navegacion puedan pactar dichos Gobiernos; b) Clasificaciones y agrupaciones iden- ticas 6 similares de las mercaderias que se importen 6 exporten, al mismo objeto que en el pdrrafo anterior se indica; c) La adopcidn de un mismo criterio para la determinacion del origen y procedencia de las importaciones y del destine de las exportaciones; d) Uso de igual nomenclatura comer- cial, en cuanto lo permitan la diversidad de las lenguas y de las producciones; e) La adopcion de acepciones usuales id6nticas para los terminos de mds fre- cuente aplicaci6n en las estadisticas comerciales; /) La rigurosa observancia del sistema m^trico decimal, 4 fin de conseguir una posible uniformidad en todo lo referente I pesos y medidas. Hecho y firmado en la Ciudad de Buenos Aires, 4 los veinte dias del mes de Agosto del ano mil novecientos diez, en espanol, ingles, portugues y frances, y depositado en el Ministerio de Rela- ciones Exteriores de la Reptiblica Argen- tina, d fin de que se saquen copias certifi- cadas para enviarlas, por la via diplo- matica, d cada uno de los Estados sig- natarios. Por los Estados Unidos de America. — Henry White, Enoch H. Crowder, Lewis Nixon, John Bassett Moore, Bernard Moses, Lamar 0. Quintero, Paul S. Reinsch, David Kinley. Por la Republica Argentina. — Antonio Bermejo, Eduardo L. Bidau, Manuel A. Montes de Oca, Epifanio Portela, Carlos Salas, Jose A. Terry, Estanislao S. Zeballos. Por los Estados Unidos del Brasil. — ^Joa- quim Murtinho, Domicio da Gama, Jos^ L. Almeida Nogueira, Olavo Bilac, Gastao da Cunha, Herculano de Freitas. Por la Republica de Chile. — Miguel Cru- chaga Tocornal, Emilio Bello Codecido, Anlbal Cruz Diaz, Beltrdn Mathieu. Pan-American Union were to recommend the summoning of a special Congress in view of the technical character of customs and statistical matters, when ever the investigations and reports entrusted to the section of commerce, customs and statistics shall have been completed. The program of bases to be prepared by the section of commerce, customs and statistics shall deal with the follow- ing questions: a) Uniform procedure in determining values in international commerce, so as to allow statistics to be compared effec- tively and serve as a basis for the agree- ments or conventions relating to com- merce or navigation into which the said Governments may enter; b) Identical or similar classification or grouping of commodities exported or imported, with the same object in view as that mentioned in the paragraph pre- ceding; c) Adoption of the same standard for determining the places of origin of im- ports and destination of exports ; d) Employment of the same commer- cial nomenclature, so far as the divereity in languages and products may permit; e) The adoption of identical meanings for terms most commonly applied in commercial statistics ; /) The rigorous observance of the decimal metric system, so as to procure a possible uniformity in all that relates to weights and measures. Made and signed in the City of Buenos Aires, on the twentieth day of August, in the year one thousand nine hundred and ten, in Spanish, English, Portu- guese and French, and filed in the Min- istry of Foreign Affairs of the Argentine Republic in order that certified copies may be made to be forwarded through appropriate diplomatic channels to each one of the Signatory Nations. For the United States of America. — Hemy White, Enoch H. Crowder, Lewis Nixon, John Bassett Moore, Bernard Moses, Lamar C. Quintero, Paul S. Reinsch, David Kinley. For the Argentine Republic. — Antonio Bermejo, Eduardo L. Bidau, Manuel A. Montes de Oca, Epifanio Portela, Carlos Salas, Jos^ A. Terrv, Estanislaa S. Zeballos. For the United States of Brazil. — ^Joaquim Murtinho, Domicio da Gama, Jose L. Almeida Nogueira, Olavo Bilac, Gastaa da Cuhha, Herculano de Freitas. For the Republic of Chili. — IMiguel Cru- chaga Tocornal, Emilio Bello Codecido, Anlbal Cruz Diaz, Beltrdn Mathieu. FOURTH INTEENATIONAL CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN STATES. 215 Bolvesse recommendar que se celebre um Congresso Especial em vista do caracter technico dos assumptos aduaneiros e esta- tisticos, uma vez terminados os estudos e relatorios encommen dados 4 Sec^ao de Commercio, Alfandegas e Estatisticas. Projecto de bases que deverd apre- sentar a Secfao de Commercio, Alfande- gas e Estatisticas versara sobre as seguin- tes questoes: a) Processos uniformea para a determi- nafao dos valores do Commercio Interna- cional, para que se possam comparar effi- cazmente as estatisticas e servir de base aos accordos ou conven^oes que, em ma- teria de commercio ou de navegafao pos- eam combinar os referidos Governos; b) Classificagoes e agrupamentos identi- cos ou similares das mercadorias, que se' importem ou exportem, com o mesmo fim indicado no paragrapho anterior; c) Adopgao do mesmo s,ystema para a determina^ao da origem e procedencia das importafoes e de destino das exporta^oes; d) Uso de igual nomenclatura commer- cial, tanto quanto permitta a diversidade das linguas e das produc^oes; e) Adop^ao de accepgoes usuaes iden- ticas para os termos de mais frequente ap- plicagao nas estatisticas commerciaes; f) Rigorosa observancia do systema metrico decimal, com o fim de conseguir a maior uniformidade em tudo o que se refere a pesos e medidas. Feito e assignado na cidade de Buenos Aires aos vinte dias do mez de Agosto de mil novecentos e dez, em bespanhol, inglez, portuguez e francez e entregue ao Ministerio das Rela^oes Exteriores da Republica Argentina para que se tirem copias authenticadas que serao enviadas, por via diplomatica, a cada um dos Esta- dos signatarios. Pelos Estados Unidos da America. — Henry White, Enoch H. Crowd er, Lewis Nixon, John Bassett Moore, Bernard Moses, Lamar C. Quintero, Paul S. Reinsch, DaAdd Kinley. Pela Republica Argentina. — ^Antonio Ber- mejo, Eduardo L. Bidau, Manuel A. Montes de Oca, Epifanio Portela, Carlos Salas, Jos6 A. Terry, Estanislao S. Zeballos. Pelos Estados Unidos do Brasil. — ^Joaquim Mmtinho, Domicio da Gama, Jose L. Almeida Nogueira, Olavo Bilac, Gastao da Cunha, Herculano de Freitas. Pela Republica do Chile. — Miguel Cru- chaga Tocornal, Emilio Bello Codecido, Anibal Cruz Diaz, Beltran Mathieu. caine de recommander la reunion d'un Congrfes special, en vue du caractere tech- nique que presentent lea affaires de Douanes et de Statistiques, une fois ter- minus les Etudes et rapports confi^s k la Section Commerce, Douanes et Statis- tiques. Le Projet de bases que devra presenter la Section Commerce, Douanes et Statis- tiques embrassera les points suivants: _ a) Proc^d^s uniformea pour I'appr^cia- tion des valeurs du Commerce Interna- tional, afin que puissent #-tre compar^es, d'une maniere emcace, lea statiatiques et qu'elles puissent servir de base aux accords ou conventions, qu'en matifere de commerce ou de navigation pourraient conclure les dits Gouvernements ; b) Classifications et groupements iden- tiques ou similaires des marchandises qui s'importent ou a'exportent, ceci dana le m^me but que celui qui eat indique dans le paragraphe precedent. c) L' adoption d'un m^me crit^rium pour la determination de I'origine et de la provenance dea importationa et de la des- tination des exportations. d) L'usage d'une nomenclature com- merciale egale, lorsque le permettrant la diversite des langues et dea productions; e) L'adoption de termes uauela iden- tiques pour les expresaiona qui trouvent leur plua frequente application dans les statistiques commerciales; /) La rigoureuse observation du sys- teme metrique decimal, afin d'obtenir une possible uniformity en tout ce qui a trait aux poida et mesures. Fait et signe a Buenos-Aires, le ving- tieme jour du moia d'aoUt mil neuf cent- dix, en espagnol, en anglais, en portugaia. et en franfaia, et depose au Ministere des Affaires Etrang^res de la R^publique Argentine, afin qu'il en soit fait des copies authentiquees qui seront envoy^es, par la voie diplomatique, ^ chacun des Etats signataires. Pour les Etats-Unis d^Amerique. — Henry- White, Enoch H. Crowder, Lewis Nixon, John Bassett Moore, Bernard Moses, Lamar C. Quintero, Paul S. Reinsch, David Kinley. Pour la Republique Argentine. — Antonio Bermejo, Eduardo Bidau, Manuel A. Montea de Oca, Epifanio Portela, Car- loa Salas, Jos6 A. Terry, Estanislao S. Zeballos,. Pour les Etats-Unis du Bresil. — Joaquim Murtinho, Domicio da Gama, Jose L. Almeida Nogueira, Olavo Bilac, Gastao da Cunha, Herculano de Freitaa. Pour la Republique du Chili. — Miguel Cruchaga Tocornal, Emilio Bello Code- cido, Anibal Cruz Diaz, Beltran Ma- thieu. 216 FOURTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN STATES. For la Republica de Colombia. — Roberto Ancizar. Por la Republica de Costa Rica. — Alfredo Volio. Por la Republica de Cuba. — Carlos Garcia Velez, Rafael Montoro y Valdes, Gon- zalo de Quesada y Arostegui, Antonio Gonzalo Perez, Jose M. Carbonell. Por la Republica Dominicana. — Americo Lugo. Por la Republica del Ecuador. — Alejandro Cardenas. Por la Republica de Guatemala.— Luis Toledo Herrarte, Manuel Arroyo, Mario Estrada. Por la Republica de Haiti. — Constantin Fouchard. Por la RepHblica de Honduras. — Luis Lazo Arriaga. Por los Estados Unidos Mexicanos. — Vic- toriano Salado Alvarez, Luis Perez Verdia, Antonio Ramos Pedrueza, Roberto A. Esteva Ruiz. Por la Republica de Nicaragua. — Manuel Perez Alonso. Por la Republica de Panama. — Belisario Porras. Por la Republica del Paraguay. — Teodosio Gonzalez, Jose P. Montero. Por la Republica del Perd. — Eugenio La- rrabure y Unanue, Carlos Alvarez Cal- deron, Jos6 Antonio de Lavalle y Pardo. Por la Repiiblica de El Salvador. — Federico Mejia, Francisco Martinez Suarez. Por la Repiiblica del Uruguay. — Gonzalo Ramirez, Carlos M. de Pena, Antonio M. Rodriguez, Juan Jose Amezaga. Por los Estados Unidos de Venezuela.— Manuel Diaz Rodriguez, Cesar Zumeta. For the Republic of Colombia. — Roberto Ancizar. For the Republic of Costa Rica. — Alfredo Volio. For the Republic of Cuba. — Carlos Garcia Velez, Rafael Montoro y Valdes, Gon- zalo de Quesada y Arostegui, Antonio Gonzalo Perez, Jose M. Carbonell. For the Dominican Republic. — Americo Lugo. For the Republic of Ecuador. — Alejandro Cardenas. For the Republic of Guatemala. — Luis Toledo Herrarte, Manuel Arroyo, Mario Estrada. For the Republic of Haiti. — Constantin Fouchard. For the Republic of Honduras. — Luis Lazo Arriaga. For the United Mexican States. — Vic- toriano Salado Alvarez, Luis Perez Verdia, Antonio Ramos Pedrueza, Roberto A. Esteva Ruiz. For the Republic of Nicaragua. — Manuel Perez Alonso. For the Republic of Panama. — Belisario Porras. For the Republic of Paraguay. — Teodosio Gonzalez, Jose P. Montero. For the Republic of Peru. — Eugenio La- rrabiue y Unanue, Carlos Alvarez Cal- deron, Jose Antonio de Lavalle y Pardo. For the Republic of Salvador. — Federico Mejia, Francisco Martinez Suarez. For the Republic of Uruguay. — Gonzalo Ramirez, Carlos M. de Pena, Antonio M. Rodriguez, Juan Jose Amezaga. For the United States of Venezuela. — Manuel Diaz Rodriguez, Cesar Zumeta. FOURTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN STATES. 217 Pela Republica da Colombia. — Roberto Ancizar. Pela Republica da Costa Rica. — Alfredo Volio. Pela Republica de Cuba. — Carlos Garcia Velez, Rafael Montoro y Valdes, Gon- zalo de Quesada y Arostegui, Antonio Gonzalo Perez, Jose M. Carbonell. Pela Republica Dominicana. — Americo Lugo. Pela Republica do Equador. — Alejandro Cardenas. Pela Republica de Guatemala.— Luis Toledo Herrarte, Manuel Arroyo, Mario Es- trada. Pela Republica de Haiti. — Constantin Fouchard. Pela Republica de Honduras. — Luis Lazo Arriaga. Pelos Estados Unidos do Mexico — Victo- riano Salado Alvarez, Luis Perez Ver- dfa, Antonio Romos Pedrueza, Roberto A. Esteva Ruiz. Pela Republica de Nicaragua. — ^Manuel Perez Alonso. Pela Republica do Panamd. — Belisario Pon'as. Pela Republica do Paraguay. — Teodosio Gonzalez, Jose P. Montero. Pela Republica do Peru. — Eugenio Larra- bure y LTnanue, Carlos Alvarez Calde- ron, Jose Antonio de Lavalle y Pardo. Pela Republica do Salvador. — Federico Mejia, Francisco Martinez Suarez. Pela Republica do Uruguay. — Gonzalo Ramirez, Carlos M. de Pena, Antonio M. Rodriguez, Juan Jose Amezaga. Pelos Estados Unidos da Venezuela. — Man- uel Diaz Rodriguez, Cesar Zumeta. Pour la Republique de Colombie. — Roberto Ancizar. Pour la Republique de Costa Rica. — Al- fredo Volio. Pour la Republique de Cuba. — Carlos Gar- cia Velez, Rafael Montoro y Valdes, Gonzalo de Quesada y Arostegui, Anto- nio Gonzalo Perez, Jose M. Carbonell. Pour la Republique Dominicaine.^ Amer- ico Lugo. Pour la Republique de I'Equateur. — Ale- jandro Cardenas. Pour la Republique du Guatemala. — Luis Toledo Herrarte, Manuel Arroyo, Mario Estrada. Pour la Republique d'Hditi. — Constantin Fouchard. Pour la Republique du Honduras. — Luis Larzo Ariaga. Pour les Etats-Unis Mexicains. — Victori- ano Salado Alvarez, Luis Perez Verdia, Antonio Ramos Pedrueza, Roberto A. Esteva Ruiz. Pour la Republique de Nicaragua. — ^j\Ian- uel Perez Alonso. Pour la Republique de Panama. — Belisario Porras. Pour la Republique du Paraguay. — Teodo- sio Gonzalez, Jose P. Montero. Pour la Republique du Perou. — Eugenio Larrabure y Unanue, Carlos Alvarez Calderon, Jose Antonio de Lavalle y Pardo. Pour la Republique du Salvador. — Feder- ico Mejia, Francisco Martinez Suarez., Peur la Republique de I' Uruguay. — Gon- zalo Ramirez, Carlos M. de Pena, Anto- nio M. Rodriguez, Juan Jose Amezaga. Pour les Etats-Unis de Venezuela. — Manuel Diaz Rodriguez, Cesar Zumeta. APPENDIX V (5) CUARTA CONFERENCIA INTERNACIONAL AMERICANA RESOLUCION Censos RESOLUTION Census Los que suscriben, Delegados de las Repiiblicas representadas en la Cuarta Conferencia Tnternacional Americana, debidamente autorizados por siis respecti- vos Gobiernos, han aprobado la siguiente Resolucidn : La Cuarta Conferencia Internacional Americana, reunida en Buenos Aires, re- suelve: Recomendar a los Gobiernos de los Es- tados Americanos: J.° El levantamiento decenal del censo de su poblacion, teniendo en cuenta los adelantos de la ciencia y de los procedi- mientos tecnicos. 2°. Que se prdceda i, le van tar un censo de poblacion en todos los Estados Ameri- canos en el ano de 1920, y si fuere posible, en un mismo mes, recomendado de ante mano por la Union Pan-Americana en Washington. 3.° Recomendar tambi^n & los palses de la Union Pan-Americana, que para la fecha indicada, se proceda a la formacidn de un censo general industrial y de los otros censos que la ciencia y la prdctica aconsejen. Hecho y firmado en la ciudad de Buenos Aires d los veinte dias del mes de Agosto de mdl novecientos diez, en espanol, ingles, portugues, y frances y depositado en el Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores de la Repiiblica Argentina, a fin de que se saquen copias certificadas para en- viarlas, por la via diplomdtica, a cada uno de los Estados signatarios. Por los Estados TJnidos de America. — Henry White, Enoch H. Crowder, Lewis Nixon, John Bassett Moore, Bernard Moses, Lamar C. Quintero, Paul S. Reinsch, David Kinley. Por la Republica Argentina. — Antonio Bermejo, Eduardo L. Bidau, Manuel A. Montes de Oca, Epifanio Portela, Carlos Salas, Jose A. Terry, Estanislao S. Zeballos. 218 The undersigned. Delegates of the Re- publics represented in the Fourth Inter- national American Conference, duly authorized by their respective Govern- ments, have approved the following Res- olution: The Fourth International American Conference, assembled at Buenos Aires, resolves: To recommend to the Governments of the American States: .1. The taking of a decennial census of their population, taking into account the advance of science and technical pro- cedure. 2. That steps be taken to effect a popu- lation census in all the American States in the year 1920, and, if possible, in the same month, to be recommended before- hand by the Pan American Union at Washington. 3. It is also recommended to the coun- tries of the Pan American Union that, on the date suggested, steps be taken to effect a general industrial census and such other censuses as science and practice counsel . Done and signed in the city of Buenos Aires, on the twentieth day of August in the year one thousand nine hundred and ten, in Spanish, Portuguese, English and French, and deposited in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Argentine Repub- lic, in order that certified copies be made for transmission to each one of the Signa- tory Nations through the appropriate diplomatic channels. For the United States of America. — Henry ■\Miite, Enoch H. Crowder, Lewis Nixon, John Bassett Moore, Bernard Moses, Lamar C. Quintero, Paul S. Reinsch, David Kinley. For the Argentine Republic. — Antonio Bermejo, Eduardo L. Bidau, Manuel A. Montes de Oca, Epifanio Portela, Carlos Salas, Jos6 A. Terry, Estanislao S. Zeballos. APPENDIX V (5; CUARTA CONFERENCIA INTERNACIONAL AMERICANA. KESOLUfAO » Becenseamento Os abaixo assignados, Delegados das Republicas representadas na Quarta Con- ferencia Internacional Americana, devi- damente autorizados pelos seus respecti- vos Governos, approvaram a seguinte Resolu^ao: A Quarta Gonferencia Internacional Americana, reunida em Buenos Aires, resolve: Recommendar aos Governos dos Esta- dos Americanos: !.• O levantamento, por decennios, do recenseamento da populagao, tendo em vista OS progressos scientificos e os pro- cesssos technicos. 2.® Que se effectue o recenseamento da populagao em todos os Estados Ameri- canos em 1920, e se for possivel, em um mesmo mez, previamente indicado pela Uniao Pan-Americana em Washington. 3.' Recommendar aos paizes da Uniao Pan-Americana que, para a mesma data, se effectue um recenseamento industrial geral, e outros que aconselhem a sciencia e a practica. Feito e assignado na cidade de Buenos Aires, aos vinte dias do mez de Agosto de mil novecentos e dez, em hespanhol, inglez, portuguez e francez, e entregue ao Ministerio das Relayoes Exteriores da Republica Argentina, para que se tirem copias authenticadas que serao enviadas, pela via diplomatica, a cada um dos Estados signatarios. Pelos Estados Unidos da America.— B-eiixj White, Enoch H. Crowder, Lewis Nixon, John Bassett Moore, Bernard Moses, Lamar C. Quintero, Paul S. Reinach, David Kinley. Pela Republica Argentina. — ^Antonio Ber- m^ejo, Eduardo L. Bidau, Manuel A. Montes de Oca, Epifanio Portela, Carlos Salas, Jose A. Terry, Estanislao S. Zeballos. KESOLUTION Recensements Les soussignes, Delegues des Repu- bliques representees k la Quatrieme Con- ference Internationale Americaine, du- ment autorises par leurs Gouvernements respectifs, ont approuve la Resolution sui vante : La Quatrieme Conference Internatio- nale Americaine, reunie a Buenos-Aires, resout: , Recommander aux Gouvernements des Etats Americains: 1 . ° D ' eff ectuer le recensement decennal de leur population, en ayant soin de tenir compte des progres de la science et des procedes techniques. 2.° De proceder au recensement de la population dans tons les Etats d' Amerique en 1920, et autant que possible, dans le m§me mois, mois qui sera recommande d'avance par I'llnion Pan-Americaine a Washington. 3.° Recommander egalernent aux pays de rUnion Pan-Americaine de proceder, a la dateindiquee, aun recensement gene- ral industriel et aux autres recensements que la science et la pratique indiqueront. Fait et signe a Buenos-Aires, le vingti- eme jom- du mois d'aout mil neuf cent dix, en espagnol, anglais, portugais et frangais, et depose au Ministere des Affaires Etrangeres de la Republique Argentine, afin qu'il en soit fait des copies authentiquees qui seront envoyees,^ par la voie diplomatique, a chacun des Etats signataires. Pour les Etats- Unis d' Amerique. — Henry White, Enoch H. Crowder, Lewis Nixon, John Bassett Moore, Bernard Moses, Lamar C. Quintero, Paul S. Reinsch, David Kinley. Pour la Republique Argentine. — Antonio Bermejo, Eduardo L. Bidau, Manuel A. Montes de Oca, Epifanio Portela, Carlos Salas, Jose A. Terry, Estanislao S. Ze- ballos. 219 220 FOURTH INTERiSI'ATIOiSrAL. COXFEEEISrCE OF AMERICAN STATES. For los Estndos Unidos del Brasil. — Joa- quim Murtinho, Domicio da Gama, Jose L. Almeida Nogueira, Olavo Bilac, Gastao da Cunha, Herculano de Freitas. For la Repiiblic de Chile. — Miguel Cru- chaga Tocornal, Emilio Bello Codecido, Anlbal Cruz Diaz, Betrdn Mathieu. For la Republic de Colombia. — Roberto Ancizar. For la Republic de Costa Rica. — Alfredo Volio. For la Republica de Cuba. — Carlos Garcia V^lez, Rafael Montoro y Valdes, Gon- zalo de Quesada y Arostegui, Antonio Gonzalo Perez, Jos6 M. Carbonell. For la Republica Domvnicana. — Americo Lugo. JPor la Repiiblica del Ecuador. — Alejandro Cdrdenas. For la Republica de Guatemala. — Luis Toledo Herrarte, Manuel Arroyo, Mario Estrada. For la Republica de Haiti. — Constantin Fouchard. For la Repllblica de Honduras. — Luis Lazo Arriaga. For los Estados Unidos Mexicanos. — Vic- toriano Salado Alvarez, Luis P6rez Verdia, Antonio Ramos Pedrueza, Roberto A. Esteva Ruiz. For la RepiJiblica de Nicaragua. — Manuel Perez Alonso. For la Republica de Panamd. — Belisario Porras. For la Republica del Paraguay. — Teodosio Gonzalez, Jose P. Montero. For la Republica del Peru. — Eugenio Larrabure y Unanue, Carlos Alvarez Calderon, Jose Antonio de Lavalle y Pardo. For la Republica de El Salvador. — Federico Mejia, Francisco Martinez Sudrez. For la RepiJiblica del Uruguay. — Gonzalo Ramirez, Carlos M. de Pena, Antonio M. Rodriguez, Juan Jose Amezaga. For los Estados Unidos de Venezuela. — Manuel Diaz Rodriguez, C6sar Zumeta. For the United States of Brazil. — Joaquira Murtinho, Domicio da Gama, Jose L. Almeida Nogueira, Olavo Bilac, Gastao da Cunha, Herculano de Freitas. For the Republic of Chili.- — Miguel Cru- chaga Tocornal, Emilio Bello Codecido, Anlbal Cruz Diaz, Beltrdn Mathieu. For the Republic of Colombia. — Roberto Ancizar. For the Republic of Costa iJica.— Alfredo Volio. For the Republic of Cuba. — Carlos Garcia Velez, Rafael Montoro y Valdes, Gon- zalo de Quesada y Ardstegui, Antonio Gonzalo Perez, Jose M. Carbonell. For the Dominican Republic. — Americo JjUgO. For the Republic of Ecuador. — Alejandro Cardenas. For the Republic of Guatemala. — Luis Toledo Herrarte, Manuel Arroyo, Mario Estrada. For the Republic of Haiti-. — Constantin Fouchard. For the Republic of Honduras. — liuis Lazo Arriaga. For the United Mexican States . — Victoriano Salado Alvarez, Luis Perez Verdia, Antonio Ramos Pedrueza, Roberto A. Esteva Ruiz. For the Republic of Nicaragua. — Manuel Perez Alonso. For the Republic of Panama. — Belisario Porras. For the Republic of Paraguay. — Teodosio Gonzalez, Jose P. Montero. For the Republic of Peru. — Eugenio Larra- bure y Undnue, Carlos Alvarez Cal- der6n, Jose Antonio de Lavalle y Pardo. For the Republic of Salvador. — Federico Mejia, Francisco Martinez Suarez. For the Republic of Uruguay. — Gonzalo Ramirez, Carlos M. de Pena, Antonio M. Rodriguez, Juan Jose Amezaga. For the United States of Venezuela. — Manuel Diaz Rodriguez, Cesar Zumeta. FOURTH INTEEJSTATIOJSTAL CONFEEENCE OF AMERICAN STATES. 221 Pelos Estados Unidos do Brasil. — Joaciuim Murtinho, Domicio da Gama, Jose L. Almeida Nogueira, Olavo Bilac, Gastao da Cunha, Herculano de Freitas. Pela Repuhlica do Chile. — Miguel Cruch- aga Tocornal, Emilio Bello Codecido, Anibal Cruz Diaz, Beltran Mathieu. Pela Repuhlica da Colornbia. — Roberto Ancizar. Pela Repuhlica da Costa Rica. — Alfredo Velio. Pela Repuhlica de Cuba. — Carlos Garcia Velez, Rafael Montoro y Valdes, Gon- zalo de Quesada y Arostegui, Antonio Gonzalo Perez, Jose M. Carbonell. Pela Repuhlica Dominicana. — Americo Lugo. Pela Repuhlica do Equador. — Alejandro Cardenas. Pela Repuhlica de Guatemala. — Luis To- ledo Herrarte Manuel Arroyo, Mario Estrada. Pela Repuhlica de Haiti. — Constantin Fouchard. Pela Repuhlica de Honduras. — Luis Lazo Arriaga. Pelos Estados Unidos do Mexico. — Vic- torian© Salado Alvarez, Luis Perez Verdia, Antonio Ramos Pedrueza, Roberto A. Esteva Ruiz. Pela Repuhlica de Nicaragua. — Manuel Perez Alonso. Pela Repuhlica .do Panama. — Belisario Porras. Pela Repuhlica do Paraguay. — Teodosio Gonzalez, Jose P. Montero. Pela Repuhlica do Peru. — Eugenio Larra- bure y Unanue, Carlos Alvarez Calde- r6n, Jose Antonio de Lavalle y Pardo. Pela Repuhlica do Salvador. — Federico Mejia, Francisco Martinez Su4rez. Pela Repuhlica do Uruguay. — Gonzalo Ramirez, Carlos M. de Pena, Antonio M. Rodriguez, Juan Jose Amezaga. Pelos Estados Unidos da Venezuela.- — Manuel Diaz Rodriguez, Cesar Zumeta. Pour les Etats Unis du Brcsil. — Joaquim Murtinho, Domicio da Gama, Jos6 L. Almeida Nogueira, Olavo Bilac, Gastao da Cunha, Herculano de Freitas. Pour la Repuhlique du Chili. — Miguel Cruchaga Tocornal, Emilio Bello Code- cido, Anibal Cruz Diaz, Beltrdn Mathieu. Pour la Repuhlique de Colomhie. — Roberto Ancizar. Pour la Repuhlique de Costa-Rica. — Al- fi'edo Volio. Pour la Repuhlique de Cuba. — Carlos Gar- cia Velez, Rafael Montoro y Valdes, Gonzalo de Quesada y Ar6stegui, Anto- nio Gonzalo Perez, Jose M. Carbonell. Pour la Repuhlique Dominicaine. — Ame- rico Lugo. Pour la Repuhlique de I'Equateur. — Ale- jandro Cardenas. Pour la Repuhlique du Guatemala. — Luis Toledo Herrarte, Manuel Arroyo, Mario Estrada. Pour la Repuhlique d'HaUi. — Constantin Fouchard . Pour la Repuhlique du Honduras. — Luis Lazo Ariaga. Pour les Etats-Unis Mexicains. — Victori- ano Salado Alvarez, Luis Perez Verdia, Antonio Ramos Pedrueza, Roberto A. Esteva Ruiz. Pour la Repuhlique de Nicaragua. — Man- uel Perez Alonso. Pour la Repuhlique de Panama. — Beli- sario Porras. Pour la Repuhlique du Paraguay. — Teo- dosio Gonzalez, Jose P. Montero. Pour la Repuhlique du Perou. — Eugenio Larrabure y TJnanue, Carlos Alvarez Calderon, Jose Antonio de Lavalle y Pardo. Pour la Repuhlique du Salvador. — Fede- rico Mejia, Francisco Martinez Su6rez. Pour la Repuhlique de V Uruguay. — Gon- zalo Ramirez, Carlos M. de Pena, Anto^ nio M. Rodriguez, Juan Jos6 Amezaga. Pour les Etats-Unis de Venezuela. — Manuel Diaz Rodriguez, Cesar Zumeta. APPENDIX W. CUARTA CONFERENCIA INTERNACIONAL AMERICANA, RESOLUCION Policia sanitaria Los que suscriben, Delegados de las Republicas representadas en la Cuarta Conferencia Internacional Americana, debidamente autorizados por sus respecti- vos Gobiernos, han aprobado la siguiente Resolucion: La Cuarta Conferencia Internacional Americana, reunida en Buenos Aires, resuelve : I. Recomendar a los Gobiernos que no lo han hecho, que adopten la Convencion Sanitaria Internacional de Washington. II. Recomendar asimismo que adopten las Recomendaciones de la Tercera y Cuarta Conferencias Sanitarias. III. Redactar el Articulo IX de la Con- vencion de Washington asl: "Para que una circunscripcion no se considere ya como contaminada, se necesita la comprobacion oficial satisfac- toria para ambas partes inter esadas: 1°.) de que no ha habido defunciones ni casos nuevos de peste 6 colera desde hace cinco dias, sea despues del aislamiento, sea despues de la muerte 6 curacion del tiltimo pestoso 6 colerico; en los casos de fiebre amarilla, el periodo serd de diez y ocho dias ; pero los Gobiernos se reservan el derecho de prolongar este periodo contra aquellos paises donde no se observan las medidas de aislamento y desinfeccion y destruccion de mosquitos; 2°.) que todas las medidas de desinfeccion han sido aplicadas y si se trata de los casos de peste, que se han ejucutado las medidas contra las ratas, y en el caso de fiebre amarilla, se han ejecutado las medidas contra los mosquitos." IV. Encarecer a todas las Republicas que se hagan representar en la proxima Conferencia Sanitaria que se celebrara en Santiago de Chile. Hecho y firmado en la ciudad de Buenos Aires d los diez y ocho dias del mes de Agosto de mil novecientos diez, en espa- nol, ingles, portugues, y francos y depo- 222 RESOLUTION Sanitary police The undersigned, Delegates of the Republics represented in the Fourth International American Conference, duly authorized by their respective Govern- ments, have approved the following Resolution: The Fourth International American Conference, assembled at Buenos Aires, resolves : I. — To recommend to the Governments which have not yet adopted the Interna- tional Sanitary Convention of Washing- ton, the adoption of the same. II. — To recommend likewise the adop- tion of the recommendations of the Third and Fourth Sanitary Conferences. Ill . — To word Art. IX of the Convention of Washington as follows : "In order that a locality be considered free of contagion it will be necessary to furnish official proof satisfactory to both parties interested: First: That there have been no deaths nor new cases of plague or cholera for five days after the isolation, death, or dis- charge of the last case of plague or cholera; in the case of yellow fever the period shall be eighteen days, but each Government reserves the right to prolong this period against those countries where the meas- ures for the isolation of cases, the destruc- tion of mosquitoes, and the disinfection of foci, are not observed. Second: That all measures of disinfec- tion have been applied, and that in treat- ing plague cases, there have been carried out all measures for the destruction of rats : and that in case of yellow fever the proper measures have been taken against mos- quitoes." IV. — To recommend earnestly that all the Republics participate in the next Sanitary Conference, which is to be held in Santiago, Chili. Done and signed in the city of Buenos Aires, on the eighteenth day of August in the year one thousand nine hundred and ten, in Spanish, Portuguese, English and APPENDIX W. CUARTA CONFERENCIA INTEBNACIONAL AMERICANA RESOLXJfAO Policia sanitaria Os abaixo assignados, Delegados das Republicas representadas na Quarta Con- ferencia Internacional Americana, devi- damente autorizados pelos seus respec- tivos Governos, appro varam a seguinte Resolufao: A Quarta Conferencia Internacional Americana, reunida em Buenos Aires, resolve: I. Recommendar aos Governos, que ainda nao tiverem feito, que adoptem a Convegao Sanitaria Internacional de Washington. II. Recommendar que adoptem tam- ben as recommendafoes da Terceira e Quarta Conferencias Sanitarias. III. Redigir o Artigo IX da Conven^ao de Washington do seguinte modo: "Para que nao se considere uma cir- cumscrip^ao como ja contaminada, e necessaria a comprovagao official satis- factoria para as duas partes interessadas : 1.°) de que nao houve fallecimentos nem casos novos de peste ou cholera desde cinco dias antes, quer seja depois do isola- mento, quer depois da morte ou cura do ultimo doente de peste ou de cholera; nos casos de febre amarella, o periodo sera de dezoito dias, mas os Governos reservam-se direito de prolongar esse periodo contra OS paizes em que nao se observam as medidas do isolamento, desinfecgao e destruipao dos mosquitos; 2.°) que todas as medidas de desinfecfao foram appli- cadas e, se se tratar de casos de peste, que se puzeram em pratica as medidas contra os rates, e em caso de febre amar- ella, que se puzeram em pratica as medidas contra os mosquitos." IV. Pedir a todas as Republicas que concorram a proxima Conferencia Sani- taria que se reunira em Santiago do Chile. Feito e assignado na cidade de Buenos Aires,_ aos dezoito dias do mez de Agosto de mil novecentos e dez, em hespanhol, inglez, portuguez e francez, e entregue ao RESOLUTION Police sanitaire Les soussignes, Delegues des Repub- liques representees a la Quatrieme Con- ference Internationale Americaine, dfi- ment autorises par leurs Gouvernements respectifs, ont approve la Resolution sui vante : La Quatrieme Conference Interna- tionale Americaine, reunie k Buenos- Aires, resout: I. Recommander aux Gouvernements, qui ne I'ont pas encore fait, d'adopter la Convention Sanitaire Internationale de Washington. II. Recommander aussi que soient adoptees les recommendations de la Troisieme et de la Quatrieme Conferences Sanitaires. III. Rediger, comme suit, Particle IX de la Convention de Washington: "Poiu" qu'une circonscription cesse d'etre consideree comme contamin^e, il faut la preuve officielle, satisfactoire pour les deux parties interessees: 1") qu'il n'y a eu ni deces ni cas nou- veau de peste ou de cholera depuis cinq jours, soit apres I'isolement soit apres la mort ou la guerison de la derniere per- sonne atteinte de la peste ou du cholera; pour les cas de fievi'e jaune, la periode sera de dix-huit jours ; mais les Gouverne- ments se reservent le droit de prolonger cette periode centre les pays oil Ton n'observe pas les mesiu-es d'isolement, de desinfection et de destruction des moustiques; 2°) que tous les moyens de desinfection ont ete appliques, et s'il s'agit des cas de peste, que Ton a execute les mesm'es centre les rats, et dans le cas de fievre jaune, qu'on a execute les mesures contre les moustiques." IV. Recommander d'une mani^re spe- ciale a toutes les Republiques de prendre part a la prochaine Conference Sanitaire qui se tiendra a Santiago du Chili. Fait et signe a Buenos- Aires, le dix-hui- tieme jour du mois d'aout mil neuf cent dix, en espagnol, anglais, portugais et frangais, et depose au Ministere des Af- 223 224 FOURTH Il^TERNATIONAli OONFEBENCE OF AMEEICAJST STATES. sitado en el Ministerio de Relaciones Ex- teriores de la Republica Argentina, a fin de C}ue se saquen copias certificadas para enviarlas, por la via diplomatica, a cada uno de los Estados signatarios. Por los Estados Unidos de America. — Henry White, Enoch H. Crowder, Lewis Nixon, John Bassett Moore, Ber- nard Moses, Lamar C. Quintero, Paul S. Reinsch, Da\ad Kinley. Por la Republica Argentina. — Antonio Bermejo, Eduardo L. Bidau, Manuel A. Montes de Oca, Epifanio Portela, Carlos Salas, Jose A. Terry, Estanislao S. Zeballos. Por los Estados Unidos del Brasil. — Joaquim Murtinho, Domicio da Gama, Jose L. Almeida Nogueira, Olavo Bilac, Gastao da Cunha, Herculano de Freitas. Por la Republica de Chile. — Miguel Cru- chaga Torcornal Emilio Bello Codecido, Anibal Cruz Diaz, Beltran Mathieu. Por la Republica de Colombia. — Roberto Anclzar. Por la Republica de Costa Rica. — Alfredo Volio. Por la Republica de Cuba. — Carlos Garcia Velez, Rafael Montoro y Valdes, Gon- zalo de Quesada y Arostegui, Antonio Gonzalo Perez, Jose M. Carbonell. Por la Republica Dominicana. — Americo Lugo. Por la Republica del Ecuador. — Alejandro Cardenas. Por la Republica de Guatemala. — Luis Toledo Herrarte, Manuel Arroyo, Mario ■ Estrada. Por la Republica de Haiti. — Constantin Fouchard. Por la Republica de Honduras. — Luis Lazo Arriaga. Por los Estados Unidos Mexicanos. — Vic- toriano Salado Alvarez, Luis Perez Verdia, Antonio Ramos Pedrueza, Roberto A. Esteva Ruiz. Por la Republica de Nicaragua. — Manuel Perez Alonso. Por la Republica de Panamd. — Belisario Porras. Por la Republica del Paraguay. — Teodosio Gonzalez, Jos6 P. Montero. Por la Republica del Peru. — Eugenic Lar- rabure y Unanue, Carlos Alvarez Cal- deron, Jose Antonio de Lavalle y Pardo. Por la Republica de El Salvador. — Federico Mejia, Francisco Martinez Suarez. Por la Republica del Uruguay. — Gonzalo Ramirez, Carlos M. de Pena, Antonio M. Rodriguez, Juan Jose Amezaga. Por los Estados Unidos de Venezuela. — Manuel Diaz Rodriguez, Cesar Zumeta. French, and deposited in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Argentine Republic, in order that certified copies be made for transmission to each one of the Signatory Nations through the appropriate diplo- matic channels. For the United States of America. — Henry WTiite, Enoch H. Crowder, Lewis Nixon, John Bassett Moore, Bernard Mosee, Lamar C. Quintero, Paul S. Reinsch, David Kinley. For the Argentine Republic. — Antonio Bermejo, Eduardo L. Bidau, Manuel A. Montes de Oca, Epifanio Portela, Carlos Salas, Jose A. Terry, Estanislao S. Zeballos. For the United States of Brazil. — Joaquim Murtinho, Domicio de Gama, Jose L, Almeida Nogueira, Olavo Bilac, Gastao da Cunha, Herculano de Freitas. For the Republic of Chili. — Miguel Cru- chaga Tocornal, Emilio Bello Code- cido, Anibal Cruz Diaz, Beltran Ma- thieu. For the Republic of Colombia. — Roberto Ancizar. For the Republic of Costa Rica. — Alfredo Volio. For the Republic of Cuba. — Carlos Garcia Velez, Rafael Montoro y Valdes, Gon- zalo de Quesada y Arostegui, Antonio Gonzalo Perez, Jose M. Carbonell. For the Dominican Republic. — Americo Lugo. For the Republic of Ecuador. — Alejandro Cardenas. For the Republic of Guatemala. — Luis Toledo Herrarte, Manuel Arroyo. Maiio Estrada. For the Republic of Haiti. — Constantin Fouchard. For the Republic of Honduras. — Luis Lazo Arriaga. For the United Mexican States. — Victori- ano Salado Alvarez, Lius Perez Verdia, Antonio Ramos Pedrueza, Roberto A. Esteva Ruiz. For the Republic of Nicaragua. — ^J^Ianuel Perez Alonso. For the Republic of Panama. — Belisario PoiTas. For the Republic of Paraguay. — Teodosio Gonzalez, Jose P. Montero. For the Republic of Peru. — Eugenio Lar- rabm'e y Unanue, Carlos Alvarez Cal- deron, Jose Antonio de Lavalle y Pardo. For the Republic of Salvador. — Federico Mejia, Francisco Martinez Suai'ez. For the Republic of Uruguay. — Gonzalo Ramii-ez, Carlos M. de Pena, Antonio M, Rodriguez, Juan Jose Amezaga. For the United States of Venezuela. — Manuel Diaz Rodriguez. Cesar Zumeta. FOURTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OP AMERICAN STATES. 225 Ministerio das Relafoes Exterioresda Re- publica Argentina, para que se tirem copias authenticadas que serao enviadas, pela Aaa diplomatica, a cada urn dos Es- tados signatarios. PelosEstados Unides da America. — Henry White, Enoch H. Crowder, Lewis Nixon, John Bassett ^foore. Bernard Moses, Lamar C. Quintero, Paul S. Reinsch, David Kinley. Pela Republica Argentina. — Antonio Ber- niejo, Eduardo L. Bidau, Manuel A. Montes de Oca, Epifanio Portela, Carlos Salas, Jose A. Terry, Estanislao S. Zeballos. Pelos Estados Unidos do Brasil. — Joa- quim Murtinho, Domicio da Gama, Jose L. Almeida Nogueira, Olavo Bilac, Gastao da Cunha, Herculano de Freitas. Pela Republica do Chile. — Miguel (^ru- chaga Tocornal, Emilio Bello Codecido, Anibal Cruz Diaz, Beltran Mathieu. Pela Republica da Colombia. — Roberto Anciz r. Pela Republica da Costa Rica. — Alfredo Volio. Pela Republica de Cuba. — Carlos Gar- cia Velez, Rafael Montoro y Valdes, Gonzalo de Quesada y Arostegui, Antonio Gonzalo Perez, Jose M. Car- bonell. Pela Republica Dominicana. — Americo Lugo. Pela Republica do Equador. — Alejandro Cardenas. Pela Republica de Guatemala. — Luis Toledo Herrarte, Manuel Arroyo, Mario Estrada . Pela Republica de Haiti. — Constantin Fouchard . Pela Republica de Honduras. — Luis Lazo Arriaga. Pelos Estados Unidos do Mexico. — Vic- toriano Salado Alvarez, Luis Perez Verdia Antonio Ramos Pedrueza, Roberto A. Esteva Ruiz. Pela Republica de Nicaragua. — Manuel Perez Alonso. Pela Republica do Panama. — Belisario Porras. Pela Republica do Paraguay. — Teodosio Gonzalez, Jose P. Montero. Pela Republica do Peru. — Eugenic Lar- rabue y Unanue, Carlos Ah-arez Cal- deron, Jose Antonio de Lavalle y Pardo. Pela Republica do Salvador. — Federico Mejia, Francisco Martinez Suarez. Pela Republica do Uruguay.. — Gonzalo Piamirez, Carlos M. de Pena, Antonio M. Rodriguez, Juan Jose Am^zaga. Pelos Estados Unidos da Venezuela. — Manuel Diaz Rodriguez, Cesar Zumeta. 74034— S. Doc. 744, Gl-3 lo faires Etrang6res de la Republique Argen- tine, afin qu'il en soit fait des copies authentic[uees qui seront envoyees,, par la voie diplomatique, a chacun des Etats signataires. Pour les Etats-Unis d'Amerique — Henry White, Enoch H. Crowder, Lewis Nixon, John Bassett Moore, Bernard Moses, Lamar C. Quintero, Paul S. Reinsch, David Kinley. Pour la Republique Argentine — Antonio Bermejo, Eduardo L. Bidau, Manuel A. Montes de Oca, Epifanio Portela, Carlos Salas, Jose A. Terry, Estanislao S. Zeballos. Pour les Etats-Unis du Bresil. — Joaquim Murtinho, Domicio da Gama, Jose L. Almeida Nogueira, Olavo Bilac, Gastao da Cunha, Herculano de Freitas. Pour la Republique du Chili. — Miguel Cruchaga Tocornal, Emilio Bello Co- decido, Anibal Cruz Diaz, Beltrdn Mathieu. Pour la Republique de Colombie. — Ro- berto Ancizar. Pour la Republique de Costa-Rica. — ^Al- fredo Volio. Pour la Republique de Cuba — Carlos Gar- cia Velez, Rafael Montoro y Valdes, Gonzalo de Quesada y Arostegui, Antonio Gonzalo P^rez, Jose M. Car- bonell. Pour la Republique Dominicaine. — Americo Lugo. Pour la Republique de L'Equateur. — Ale- jandro Cardenas. Pour la Republique du Guatemala. — Luis Toledo Herrarte, Manuel Aroyo, Mario Estrada. Pour la Republique d'' Haiti. — Constantin Fouchard. Pour la Republique du Honduras. — Jjuia Lazo Aria^a. Pour les Etats-Unis Mexicains. — Victo- riano Salado Alvarez, Luis Perez Ver- dia, Antonio Ramos Pedrueza, Roberto A. Esteva Ruiz. Pour la Republique de Nicaragua.— Man- uel Perez Alonso. Pour la Republique de Panama. — Beli- sdrio Porras. Pour la Republique du Paraguay. — Teo- dosio Gonzalez, Jose P. Montero. Pour la Republique du Perou. — Eugenio Larrabure y Unanue, Carlos Alvarez Calderon, Jose Antonio de Lavalle y Pardo. Pour la Republique du Salvador. — Federico Mejia, Francisco Martinez Suarez. Pour la Republique de z'Uruguay. — Gonzalo Ramirez, Carlos M. de Pena, Antonio M. Rodriguez, Juan Jos6 Amezaga. Pour les Etats - Unis de Venezuela — Man- uel Diaz Rodriguez, Ce^ar Zumeta. APPENDIX X . CUARTA CONFERENCIA INTERNACIONAL AMERICANA RESOLUCION Intercambio de profesores y alumnos Los que susciiben, Delegados de las Republicas representadas en la Cuarta Conferencia Internacional Americana, debldamente autorizados por sus respecti- vos Gobiernos, han aprobado la siguiente Resolucion : La Cuarta Conferencia Internacional Americana, reunida en Buenos Aires, resuel ve : I. — Recomendar a los Gobiernos de America, por lo que respecta a las Univer- feidades que de ellos dependan, y a las Universidades que son reconocidas por esos Gobiernos, que establezcan intercam- bio de profesores sobre las siguientes bases: 1.°) Las Universidades antes indicadas acordaran facilidades para que los pro- fesores que envien unas d. otras, den en ellas cursos 6 conferencias. 2.°) Los cursos 6 conferencias versaran principalmente, sobre materias cientifi- cas de interes americano, 6 que se rela- eionen con las condiciones de uno 6 algu- nos de los paises de America, especialmente de aquel en donde ensena el profesor. 3.") Todos los anos las Universidades comunicaran a aquellas con las cuales deseen entrar en intercambio, las materias que pueden ensenar sus profesores y las que desearian fuesen tratadas en sus aulas. 4.0) La remuneracidn del profesor sera eosteada por la Universidad que lo ha de- signado, k menos que sus servicios hayan sido solicitados expresamente, en cuyo caso la remuneraci6n ser4 a cargo de la Universidad invitante. 5.") Las Universidades, de sus propios fondos, si los tuvieren, 6 solicitdndolos de los respectivos Gobiernos, fijaran anual- mente las cantidades destinadas a los gastos que demande el cumplimiento de la presente Resolucion: 226 RESOLUTION Interchange of professors and students The undersigned. Delegates of the Re- publics represented at the Fourth Inter- national American Conference, duly authorized by their respective Govern- ments, have approved the following Resolution: The Fourth International American Conference, assembled at Buenos Aires, resolves: I. — To recommend to the Governments of America in regard to their public Uni- versities and to the Universities recog- nized by those Governments, that they establish the interchange of professors on the following principles: First: — The above mentioned Universi- ties shall grant facilities for professors sent from one to another for the holding of classes or giving lectures. Second: — Such classes or lectures shall treat chiefly of scientific matters of inter- est to America, or relating to the condi- tions of one or more of the American countries, especially that in which the professor is teaching. Third:— Every year the Universities desiring the interchange shall give notice to each other of the matters of which then- professors can treat and of those which they desire to be treated of respectively in their classes. Fourth: — The remuneration of a pro- fessor shall be paid by the University which has appointed him, unless his services shall have been expressly re- quested, in which case his remuneration shall be charged to the University which has engaged his services. Fifth: The Universities shall deter- mine annually the amount, to be taken from their own funds, should they have any, or to be asked from their respective Governments, for the costs incurred in ful- filment of the terms of this Resolution. APPENDIX X. CUARTA CONFERENCIA INTERNACIONAL AMERICANA RESOLUfAO Permuta de professores e alumnos Os abaixo assignados, Delegados das Republicas representadas na Quarta Conferencia Intemacional Americana, devidamente autorizados pelos seus re- spectivos Govemos, approvaram a se- guirrte Resolufao: A Quarta Conferencia Intemacional Americana, rennida em Buenos Aires, resolve: I. — Recommendar aos Govemos da America, quanto as universidades que d'elles dependem e as universidades reconhecidas como taes por esses Gover- nos, que estabelefam a permuta dos pro- fessores, sobre as seguintes bases: 1.) As universidades indicadas con- cederao facilidades para que os professores, enviados de umas as outras, n'ellas leccionem ou dem conferencias. 2.) Os cursos ou conferencias versarao principalmente sobre materias scientificas de interesse americano ou que se rela- cionem com as condigoes de um ou de alguns dos paizes da America, especial- men te d'aquelle em que o professor lecciona. 3.) Todos OS annos as universidades communicarao aquellas. com as quaes desejarem permutar, as materias que os seus professores podem ensinar e as que desejarem que sejam tratadas nas suas aulas. 4.) A remuneragao do professor sera custeada pela universidade que o no- meou, a nao ser que os seus servigos tenham sido solicitados expressamente ; n'esse caso a remunera^ao sera por conta da universidade que o chamou. 5.) As universidades, dos seus proprios recursos, se os tiverem, ou dos que re- queiram dos respectivos Govemos, mar- carao annualmente as quantias destina- das as despezas que demande o cumpri- mento da presente resolu^ao. RESOLUTION Echange de professeurs et d'ellves Les soussignes, D^legues des R6pub- liques representees a la Quatrieme Con- ference Internationale Am^ricaine, dd- ment autorises par leurs Gouvernementa respectifs, ont approuve la Resolution suivante : La Quatrieme Conference Internatio- nale Americaine, reunie a Buenos-Aires, resout: 1. — Recommend er aux Gouvernements d'Amerique, en ce qui a trait aux Uni- versites qui dependent d'eux, et aux Universites qui sont reconnues par ces Gouvernements, d'etablir I'echange de professeurs sur les bases suivantes : 1.° Les Universites ci-dessus indiqueea accorderont des facilites pour que lea professeurs qui s'envoient de I'une a I'autre, y donnent des cours et des con- ferences. 2° Les cours ou conferences se rapporte- rout principalement a des matieres scien- tifiques d'interet americain, ou concer- nant Fun ou plusieurs des pays d'Ame- rique, specialemciit celui auquel appar- tient le conferencier. 3.° Toutes les annees les Universites communiqueront, a celles avec lesquelles ellesdesirententrerenrelationsd'echange, les matieres que peuvent enseigner leurs professetu-s et celles qu'elles desireraient voir traitees dans leurs chaires. 4.° La remuneration du professeur sera a la charge de I'Universite qui I'aura designe, a moins que ses services aient ete sollicites expressement; dans ce cas la remuneration sera a la charge de I'Uni- versite qui aura fait rinvitation. 5.° Les Universites, par leurs propres fonds, si elles en ont, ou en les sollicitant des Gouvernements respectifs, fixeront annuellement les sommes destinees a couvrir les frais que demandera I'accom- plissement de la presente Resolution. 227 228 FOUETH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN STATES. 6.") Serla deseable que las Universi- dades de America se reunieran en un Con- greso, para procurar la extencion univer- Bitaria y los demas medios de cooperacion intelectual americana. II. — La Cuarta Conferencia Interna- cional Americana estima, ademas, que es muy util, para robustecer la solidaridad entre todos los Estados del Continente, que haya intercambio de alumnos entre las Universidades Americanas y, al efecto, resuelve: 1.°) Recomendar que las Universidades de America creen becas en favor de los estudiantes de los otros paises del mismo Continente, con 6 sin cargo de reciproci- dad, tomando, ya de un modo directo, ya por intermedio de los Gobiernos de que dependan, las medidas necesarias para llevar a la practica este acuerdo. 2.°) Cada Universidad que baya estab- lecido becas debe nombrar una Comision encargada de cuidar y atender a los estu- diantes pensionados, dirigirlos en sus estudios y arbitrar todas las medidas ne- cesarias, para que cumplan debidamente con sus obligaciones. 3.°) La Universidad a que se incorpore un estudiante extranjero, lo hard inscribir en el curso que le corresponda, con arreglo al plan de estudios y reglamento respec- tivos. Hecho y firmado en la ciudad de Bue- nos Aires, a los diez y ocho dias del mes de Agosto de mil novecientos diez en espanol, ingles, portugues y frances y depositado en el Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores de la Repiiblica Argentina, & fin de que se saquen copias certificadas para enviarlas, por la via diplomatica, a cada uno de los Estados signatarios. Por los Estados Unidos de America. — Henry White, Enoch H. Crowd er, Lewis Nixon, John Bassett Moore, Ber- nard Moses, Lamar C. Quintero, Paul S. Reinsch, David Kinley. Por la Republica Argentina. — -Antonio Bermejo, Eduardo L. Bidau, Manuel A. Montes de Oca, Epifanio Portela, Carlos Salas, Jose A. Terry, Estanislao S. Zeballos. Por los Estados Unidos del Brasil. — Joa- quim Murtinho, Domicio da Gama, Jos^ L. Alnieida Nogueira, Olavo Bilac, Gastao da Cunha, Herculano de Freitas. Por la Republica de Chile. — Miguel Cru- chaga Tocornal, Emilio Bello Codecido, ii\.nibal Cruz Diaz, Beltran Mathieu. Por la Republica de Colombia. — Roberto Ancizar. Por la Republica de Costa Rica. — Alfredo Volio. Sixth: It is to be desired that the Uni- versities of America should assemble at a Congress to provide for University exten- sion and other means of American intel- lectual cooperation. II. — The Fourth International Amer- ican Conference being of the opinion, also, that it would be well for the strengthening of the solidarity of the nations of the Con- tinent that there should be an interchange of students between the American Uni- versities, resolves: 1. To recommend that the Universities of America should create scholarships in favor of students of other countries of this same Continent, with or without recipro- cal charges, adopting, either directly, or through the Government on which they are dependent, the necessary measures for the practical carrying out of this agree- ment. 2. Each University which shall have created such scholarship shall appoint a committee to be charged with the care of the students to whom such scholarships have been given, to direct their studies and to lay down the rules necessary to secure due performance of their duties. 3. The Universities so attended by a foreign student shall enter him in his cor- responding course in conformity with the plan of studies and the respective regula- tions. Done and signed in the city of Buenos Aires, on the eighteenth day of August in the year one thousand nine hundred and ten, in Spanish, Portuguese, English and French, and deposited in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Argentine Repub- lic, in order that certified copies be made for transmission to each one of the Signa- tory Nations through the appropriate diplomatic channels. For the United States of America.— Hemy White, Enoch H.Crowder, Lewis Nixon, John Bassett Moore, Bernard Moses, Lamar C. Quintero, Paul S. Reinsch, David Kinley. For the Argentine Republic. — Antonio Bermejo, Eduardo L. Bidau, Manuel A. Montes de Oca, Epifanio Portela, Carlos Salas, Jose A. Terrv, Estanislao S. Zeballos. For the United States of Brazil. — Joaquim Murtinho, Domicio da Gama, Jose L. Almeida Nogueira, Olavo Bilac, Gastao da Cunha, Herculano de Freitas. For the Republic of Chili. — Miguel Cru- chaga Tocornal, Emilio Bello Codecido, Anibal Cruz Diaz, Beltran Mathieu. For the Republic of Colombia. — Roberto Ancizar. For the Republic of Costa Rica. — Alfredo Volio. FOURTH INTERNATIOISrAL, CONFERENCE OP AMERICAN STATES. 229 6.) Seria de desejar que as universi- dades da America se reunissem n'um congresso para conseguir a ampliayao universitaria e os outros meios de coope- rayao intellectual americana. II. — A Quarta Conferencia Interna- cional Americana entende que 6 tambem muito util, para robustecer a solidarie- dade entre todos os Estados do Continente, que haja permuta de alumnos entre as universidades americanas, e, para isso resolve : 1.) Recommendar que as universidades da America creem matriculas gratuitas a favor dos estudantes dos outros paizes do mesmo Continente, com ou sem obriga^ao de reciprocidade, tomando, quer directa- mente, quer por intermedio dos Governos de que dependerem, as medidas neces- sarias para por em pratica esta resolugao. 2.) Cada universidade que tiver esta- belecido matriculas gratuitas deve no- mear uma commissao incumbida de cuidar e attender a esses estudantes, dirigil-os em seus estudos e arbitrar todas as medidas necessarias para que cumpram devidamente as suas obrigagoes. 3.) A universidade 4 qual se incorpore um estudante extrangeiro, fara inscrevel-o no curso que Ihe corresponda, com sujeigao ao programma de estudos e ao regulamento respectivos. Feito e assignado na cidade de Buenos Aires, aos dezoito dias do mez de Agosto de mil novecentos edez, emhespanhol,in- glez, portuguez e francez, e entregue ao Ministerio das Rela^oes Exteriores da Re- publica Argentina, para que se tirem co- pias autbenticadas que serao enviadas, pela via diplomatica, a cada um dos Esta- dos signatarios. Pelos Estados Unidos da America. — Henry White, Enoch H. Crowder, Lewis Nixon, John Bassett Moore, Bernard Moses, Lamar C. Quintero, Paul S. Reinsch, David Kinley. Pela Republica Argentina. — Antonio Ber- mejo, Eduardo L. Bidau, Manuel A. Montes de Oca, Epifanio Portela, Carlos Salas, Jos6 A. Terry, Estanislao S. Ze- ballos. Pelos Estados Unidos do Brasil. — Joaquim Murtinho, Domicio da Gama, Jose L. Almeida Nogueira, Olavo Bilac, Gas- tSo da Cunha, Herculano de Freitas. Pela Republica do Chile. — Miguel Cru- chaga Tocornal, Emilio Bello Codecido, Anibal Cruz Diaz, Beltran Mathieu. Pela Republica da Colombia. — Roberto Ancizar. Pela Republica da Costa Rica. — Alfredo Volio. 6.° II serait desirable que les Univer- sit^s d'Am^rique se reunissent en un CongT^s pour r^aliser 1' existence universi- taire ainsi que les differents moyens de cooperation intellectuelle am^ricaine. II. — La Quatrifeme Conference Interna- tionale Am^ricaine estime, de plus, qu'il est trfes utile, ,pour fortifier la solidarity entre tous les Etats du Continent, qu'il se produise un echange d'elfeves entre les Universit^s Am^ricaines, et h, cet effet r^sout: 1°. Recommander que les Universites d'Amerique cr^ent des Bourses en faveur des etudiants des autres pays du meme Continent, avec ou sans charge de r6ci- procite, en prenant, d'une maniere di- recte, soit par I'intermediaire des Gou- vernements dont elles dependent, les mesures n^cessaires pour rendre effectif cet accord. 2°. Chaque Universite qui aurait con- stitue des Bourses devra nommer une Commission chargee de veiller sur les Etu- diants pensionn^s, de diriger leurs etudes, et de prendre toutes les mesures n^ces- saires pour qu'ils accomplissent dument leurs obligations. 3°. L 'University a laquelle s 'incorpore un^tudiant etranger, lefera inscrire dang le cours qui lui correspond, d 'accord avec leplan d'etudes et le reglement respectif. Fait et signe a Buenos-Aires, le dix- huitieme jour du mois d'aout mil neuf cent dix, en espagnol, anglais, portugaiset frangais, et depose au Ministfere des Af- faires Etrangeres de la Republique Argen- tine, afin qu'il en soit fait des copies au- thentiquees qui seront envoyees, par la voie diplomatique, a chacun des Etats signataires. Pour les Etats-Unis d'Amerique. — Henry White, Enoch H. Crowder, Lewis Nixon, John Bassett Moore, Bernard Moses, Lamar C. Quintero, Paul S. Reinsch, David Kinley. Pour la Republique Argentine. — Antonio Bermejo, Eduardo L. Bidau, Manuel A. Montes de Oca, Epifanio Portela, Carlos Salas, Jose A. Terry, Estanislao S. Ze- ballos. Pour les ikats-Unis du Bresil. — Joaquim Miu-tinho, Domicio da Gama, Jose L. Almeida Nogueira, Olavo Bilac, Gas- tao da Cunha, Herculano de Freitas. Pour La Republique 'du Chili. — Miguel Cruchaga Tocornal, Emilio Bello Code- cido, Anibal Cruz Diaz, Beltrdn Ma- thieu. Pour la Ripubliqtce de Colombie. — Roberto Ancizar. Pour la Republique de Costa-Rica. — Al- fredo Volio. 230 FOURTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN STATES. For la Repilblica de Cuba. — Carlos Garcia Velez, Rafael Montoro y Vald^s, Gon- zalo de Quesada y Arostegui, Antonio Gonzalo Perez, Jos6 M. Carbonell. Por la Rep'Ablica Dominicana. — Am^rico Lugo. Por la RepAblica del Ecuador. — Alejandro Cdrdenas. Por la Republica de Guatemala. — Luis Toledo Herrarte, Manuel Arroyo, Mario Estrada. Por la Republica de Haiti. — Constantin Fouchard. Por la Republica de Honduras. — Luis Lazo Arriaga. Por los Estados Unidos Mexicanos.—Yic- toriano Salado Alvarez, Luis Perez Verdia, Antonio Ramos Pedrueza, Roberto A. Esteva Ruiz. Por la Rep'Ablica de Nicaragua. — Manuel Perez Alonso. Por la Republica de Panamd. — Belisario Porras. Por la Repiiblica del Paraguay. — Teodosio Gonzdlez, Jos^ P. Montero. Por la Reptlblica del Peru. — Eugenio Lar- rabure y Undnue, Carlos Alvarez Calde- r6n, Jose Antonio de Lavalle y Pardo. For la Rep'dblica de El Salvador. — Federico Mejfa, Francisco Martinez Suarez. For la Repjiblica del Uruguay. — Gonzalo Ramirez, Carlos M. de Pena, Antonio M. Rodriguez, Juan Jose Amezaga. For los Estados Unidos de Venezuela. — Manuel Diaz Rodriguez, Cesar Zumeta. For the Republic of Cuba. — (.'arlos Garcia Velez, Rafael Montoro y Valdes, Gon- zalo de Quesada y Arostegui, Antonio Gonzalo Perez, Jose M. Carbonell. For the Dominican Republic. — Americo Lugo. For the Republic of Ecuador. — Alejandro Cdrdenas. For the Republic of Guatemala. — Luis Toledo Herrarte, Manuel Arroyo, Mario Estrada. For the Republic of Haiti. — Constantin Fouchard . For the Republic of Honduras. — Luis Lazo Arriaga. For the United Mexican States. — Victo- riano Salado Alvarez, Luis Perez Ver- dia, Antonio Ramos Pedrueza, Roberto A. Estevd Ruiz. For the Republic of Nicaragua. — Manuel Perez Alonso. For the Republic of Panama. — Belisario Porras. For the Republic of Paraguay. — Teodosio Gonzalez, Jose P. Montero. For the Republic of Peru. — Eugenio Larra- bure y Unanue, Carlos Alvarez Calde- ron, Jose Antonio de Lavalle y Pardo. For the Republic of Salvador. — Federico Mejia, Francisco Martinez Suarez. For the Republic of Uruguay. — Gonzalo Ramirez, Carlos M. de Pena, Antonio M. Rodriguez, Juan Jose Amezaga. For the United States of Venezuela. — Man- uel Diaz Rodriguez, Cesar Zumeta. FOURTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN STATES. 231 Pela Republica de Cuba. — Carlos Garcia V^lez, Rafael Montoro y Vald^p, Gon- zalo de Quesada y Arostegui, Antonio Gonzalo P6rez, Jos6 M. Carbonell. Pela Republica Dominicana . — Americo Lugo. Pela Republica do Equador. — Alejandro Cdrdenas. Pela Republica de Guatemala. — Luis To- ledo Herrarte, Manuel Arroyo, Mario Estrada. Pela Republica de Haiti. — Constantin Fouchard . Pela Republica de Honduras. — Luis Lazo Arriaga. Pelos Estados Unidos do Mexico. — Vic- toriano Salado Alvarez, Luis Perez Verdia, Antonio Ramos Pedrueza, Roberto A. Esteva Ruiz. Pela Republica de Nicaragua. — Manuel Perez Alonso. Pela Republica do Panama. — Belisario Porras. Pela Republica do Paraguay. — Teodosio Gonzalez, Jose P. Montero. Pela Republica do Peru. — Eugenio Larra- bure y Unanue, Carlos Alvarez Calde- r6n, Jos6 Antonio de Lavalle y Pardo. Pela Republica do Salvador. — Federico Mejia, Francisco Martinez Suarez. Pela Republica do Uruguay. — Gonzalo Ramirez, Carlos M. de Pena, Antonio M. Rodriguez, Juan Jose Amezaga. Pelos Estados Unidos da Venezuela. — Ma- nuel Diaz Rodriguez, Cesar Zumeta. Pour la Republique de Cuba. — Carlos Garcia V^lez, Rafael Montoro y Vald^s, Gonzalo de Quesada y Arostegui, An- tonio Gonzalo Perez, Jos6 M. Carbonell. Pour la Republique I/ominicaine. — Ame- rico Lugo. Pour la Republique de L'Equateur. — Ale- jandro Cdrdenas. Pour la Republique du Guatemala. — Luis Toledo Herrarte, Manuel Arroyo, Mario Estrada. Pvur la Republique d' Haiti. — Constantin Fouchard. Pour la Republique du Honduras. — Luis Lazo Ariaga. Pour les Etats- Unis Mexicains. — Victori- ano Salado Alvarez, Luis Perez Verdia, Antonio Ramos Pedrueza, Roberto A. Esteva Ruiz. Pour la Republique de Nicaragua. — Ma- nuel Perez Alonso. Pour la Republique de Panama. — Beli- sdrio Porras. * Pour la Republique du Paraguay. — Teo- dosio Gonzalez, Jos6 P. Montero. Pour la Republique du Perou. — Eugenio Larrabure y Unanue, Carlos Alvarez Calderon, Jose Antonio de Lavalle y Pardo. Pour la Republique du Salvador.— Fe- derico Mejia, Francisco Martinez Su- Arez. Pour la Republique de i,' Uruguay. — Gon- zalo Ramirez, Carlos M. de Pena, An- tonio M. Rodriguez, Juan Jose Ame- zaga. Pour les Etats-Unis de Venezuela. — Ma- nuel Diaz Rodriguez, Cesar Zumeta. APPENDIX Y. CHART A CONFERENCIA INTERN ACIONAL AMERICANA. RESOLUCION Congreso cieniifico internacional reunido en Santiago de Chile. Los que suscriben, Delegados de las Republicas representadas en la Cuarta Conferencia Internacional Americana, debidamente autorizados por sus respec- tivos Gobiernos, ban aprobado la siguiente Resolucion: La Guarta Conferencia Internacional Americana, reunida en Buenos Aires, resuelve: 1.° — La Mesa Directiva de la Conferencia oficiar^ al Gobierno de la Repiiblica de Chile, haciendole conocer que se ha visto con singular agrado en todas las Repub- licas Americanas, la iniciativa para la reunion de un Congreso Cientifico en la ciudad de Santiago de Chile y los resulta- dos obtenidos por este. 2.° — Hagase saber a los Gobiernos representados que la Conferencia consid- eraria oportuna la celebracion de re- uniones semejantes a la que alude la pro- posicion anterior, en las ciudades de America que se tuviera a bien escoger. Hecho y firmado en la ciudad de Buenos Aires a los cuatro dias del mes de Agosto de mil novecientos diez en espaiiol, ingles, portugues, y francos y depositado en el Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores de la Repiiblica Argentina, a fin de que se saquen copias certificadas para enviar- las, por la via diplomatica, a cada uno de los Estados signatarios. Por los Estados Unidos de America. — Henry White, Enoch H. Orowder, Lewis Nixon, John Bassett Moore, Ber- nard Moses, Lamar 0. Quintero, Paul S. Reinsch, David Kinley. Por la Republica Argentina.— Antonio Bermejo, Eduardo L. Bidau, Manuel A. Montes de Oca, Epifanio Portela, Carlos Salas, Jos6 A. Terry, Estanislao S. Ze- ballos. Por los Estados Unidos del Brasil. — ^Joa- quim Murtinho, Domicio da Gama, Jos6 L. Almeida Nogueira, Olavo Bilac, Gas- tao da Ounha. 232 RESOLUTION International scientific congress held in Santiago de Chile. The undersigned, Delegates of the Republics represented at the Fourth International American Conference duly authorised by their respective Govern- ments, have approved the following Resolution: The Fourth International American Conference, assembled at Buenos Aires, resolves: 1st. That the Executive of the Confer- ence should address the Government of Chili, informing it that the Republics have noted with pleasiure, the initiative of having assembled in the City of Santiago of Chili, a Scientific Congress, and the results thereat obtained. 2nd . That the Governments represented should be informed that the Conference would consider convenient the meeting of such assemblies referred to in article 1st., to be held in the American cities here after to be designated. Done and signed in the city of Buenos Aires, on the fourth day of August in the year one thousand nine hundred and ten, m English, Spanish, Portuguese and French, and filed in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Argentine Republic in order that certified copies be made transmission to each one of the signatory nations through the appropriate diplo- matic channels. For the United States of America. — Henry White, Enoch H. Crowd er, Lewis Nixon, John Bassett Moore, Bernard Moses, Lamar C. Quintero, Paul S. Reinsch, David Kinley. For the Argentine Republic. — Antonio Ber- mejo, Eduardo L. Bidau, Manuel A. Montes de Oca, Epifanio Portela, Carlos Salas, Jose A. Terry, Estanislao S. Ze- ballos. For the United States of Brazil. — ^Joaquim Murtinho, Domicio da Gama, Jose L. Almeida Nogueira, Olavo Bilac, Gastao da Cunha. APPENDIX Y. CUARTA CONFERENCIA INTERNACIONAL AMERICANA. RESOLUfAO Congresso scientifico internacional reunido em Santiago de Chile. Os abaixo assignados, Delegados a Quarta Conferencia Internacional Amer- icana, devidamente autorizados pelos sens respectivos Governos, approvaram a seguinte Resolugao: A Quarta Conferencia Internacional Americana, reunida em Buenos Aires, resolve: 1.° Que a Mesa Directiva da Confer- encia officie ao Governo do Chile, fazendo- Ihe saber que foi com especial agrado conhecida em todas as Republicas Amer- icanas a iniciativa para a reuniao de um Congresso Scientifico, na cidade de San- tiago de Chile, e os resultados nolle obtidos. 2° Que se fafa saber aos Governos representados que a Conferencia consid- eraria opportuna a celebra^ao de reu- nioes, semelhantes a que se refere a pro- posta anterior, nas cidades da America que se tiver por bem escolher. Feito e assignado na cidade de Buenos Aires aos quatro dias do mez de Agosto de mil novecentos e dez, em hespanhol, inglez, portuguez e francez, e entregue ao Ministerio das Relagoes Exteriores da Republica Argentina, para que se tirem copias authenticadas que serao enviadas, pela via diplomatica, a cada um dos Estados signatarios. Pelos Estados Unidos da America.- — Henry White, Enoch H. Crowder, Lewis Nixon, John Bassett Moore, Bernard Moses, Lamar C. Quintero, Paul S. Reinsch, David Kinley. Pela Republica Argentina. — Antonio Ber- mejo, Eduardo L. Bidau, Manuel A. Montes de Oca, Epifanio Portela, Carlos Salas, Jose A. Terry, Estanislao S. Zeballos. Pelos Estados Unidos do Brasil. — ^Joaquim Murtinho, Domicio da Gama, Jose L. Almeida Nogueira, Olavo Bilac, Gas- tao da Cunha. RESOLUTION Congrls scientifique international reunit a Santiago du Chili Les soussignes, Delegues a la Quat- rieme Conference Internationale Am^r- icaine et dilment autorises par leura Gouvernements respectifs, ont approuve la Resolution suivante: La Quatrieme Conference Internation- ale Americaine, reunie a Buenos-Aires, resout: 1.° Que le Bureau Directeur de la Con- ference envoie une comunication au Gouvernement du Chili, lui faisant con- naitre que c'est avec plaisir que i'on a vu dans toutes les Republiques Americaines I'initiative prise pour la reunion d'un Congres Scientifique a Santiago du Chili, ainsi que les . resultats qui y ont ete obtenus. 2." Qu'il soit communique aux Gouver- nements representes a la Conference que celle-ci considererait opportune la cele- bration de reunions semblables a celle a laquelle fait allusion le paragraphe pre- cedent, dans les ViUes d'Amerique que Ton voudrait bien designer. Fait et signe a Buenos-Aires le quatri- eme jour du mois d'aout mil neuf cent dix, en espagnol, en anglais, en portugais et en frangais, et depose au Ministere des Affaires Etrangeres de la Republique Argentine, afin qu'il en soit fait des copies authentiquees qui seront envoy ees, par voie diplomatique, a chacun des Etats signataires. Pour les Etats-Unis D^Amerique. — Henry White, Enoch H. Crowder, Lewis Nixon, John Bassett Moore, Bernard Moses, Lamar C. Quintero, Paul S. Reinsch, David Kinley. Pour la Republique Argentine. — Antonio Bermejo, Eduardo Bidau, Manuel A. Montes de Oca, Epifanio Portela, Car- los Salas, Jose A. Terry, Estanislao S. Zeballos., Pour les Etats-Unis du Bresil. — Joaquim Murtinho, Domicio da Gama, Jose L. Almeida Nogueira, Olavo Bilac, Gastao da Cunha. 233 234 FOURTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN STATES.- Por la Republica de Chile. — Miguel Cru- chaga Tocornal, Emilio Bello Codecido, Anibal Cruz Diaz, Beltrdn Mathieu. Por la Republica de Colombia. — Roberto Ancizar. Por la Republica de Costa Rica. — Alfredo Velio. Por la Republica de Cuba. — Carlos Garcia Velez, Rafael Montoro y Valdes, Gon- zalo de Quesada y Arostegui, Antonio Gonzalo Perez, Jose M. Carbonell. Por la Republica Dominicana. — Americo Lugo. Por la Republica del Ecuador. — Alejandro CArdenas. Por la Repixblica de Guatemala. — Luis To- ledo Herrarte, Manuel Arroyo, Mario Estrada. Por la Republica de Haiti. — Constantin Fouchard. Por la Republica de Honduras .—liuis Lazo Arriaga. Por los Estados Unidos Mexicanos. — Vic- toriano Salado Alvarez, Luis Perez Verdia, Antonio Ramos Pedrueza, Ro- berto A. Esteva Ruiz. Por la Republica de Nicaragua. — Manuel Perez Alonso. Por la Republica de Panamd. — Belisario Porras. Por la Republica del Paraguay. — ^Teodosio Gonzalez, Jose P. Montero. Por la Republica del Peru. — Carlos Alvarez Calderon, Jose Antonio de Lavalle y Pardo. Por la Republica de El Salvador. — Fede- rico Mejla, Francisco Martinez Sudrez. Por la Republica del Uruguay. — Gonzalo Ramirez, Carlos M. de Pena, Antonio M. Rodriguez, Juan Jos6 Amezaga. Por los Estados Unidos de Venezuela. — Manuel Diaz Rodriguez, C^sar Zumeta. For the Republic of Chili. — Miguel Cru- chaga Tocornal, Emilio Bello Codecido, Anibal ("ruz Diaz, Beltran Mathieu. For the Republic of Colombia. — Roberto Ancizar. For thn Republic of Costa Rica. — Alfredo Volio. For the Republic of Cuba. — Carlos Garcia Velez, Rafael Montoro y Valdes, Gon- zalo de Quesada y Ar6stegui, Antonio Gonzalo Perez, Jos^ M. Carbonell. For the Dominican Republic. — Americo Lugo. For the Republic of Ecuador. — Alejandro Cardenas. For the Republic of Guatemala. — -Luis To- ledo Herrarte, Manuel Arroyo, Mario Estrada. For the Republic of Haiti.. — Constantin Fouchard . For the Republic of Honduras. — Luis Lazo Arriaga. For the United Mexican States. — Victoriano Salado Alvarez, Luis Perez Verdia, An- tonio Ramos Pedrueza, Roberto A. Esteva Ruiz. For the Republic of Nicaragua. — Manuel Perez Alonso. For the Republic of Panama. — Belisario Porras. For the Republic of Paraguay. — Teodosio Gonzalez, Jose P. Montero. For the Republic of Peru. — Carlos Alvarez Calderon, Jose Antonio de Lavalle y Pardo. For the Republic of Salvador. — Federico Mejia, Francisco Martinez Suarez. For the Republic of Uruguay. — Gonzalo Ramirez, Carlos M. de Pena, Antonio M. Rodriguez, Juan Jose Amezaga. For the United States of Venezu£la. — Man- uel Diaz Rodriguez, Cesar Zumeta. FOUfiTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OP AMERICAN STATES. 235 Pela Republica do Chile. — Miguel Oruchaga Tocornal, Emilio Bello Codecido, Anfbal Cruz Diaz, Beltrdn Mathieu. Pela Republica da Colombia. — Roberto Ancizar. Pela Republica da Costa Rica. — Alfredo Volio. Pela Republica de Cuba. — Carlos Garcia V61ez, Rafael Montoro y Vald^s, Gon- zalo de Quesada y Arostegui, Antonio Gonzalo Perez, Jose M. Carbonell. Pela Republica Dominicana. — Americo Lugo. Pela Republica do Equador. — Alejandro Cdrdenas. Pela Republica de Guatemala. — Luis To- ledo Herrarte, Manuel Arroyo, Mario Estrada. Pela Republica de Haiti. — Constantin Fouchard. Pela Republica de Honduras. — Luis Lazo Arriaga. Pelos Estados Unidos do Mexico. — Vic- toriano Salado Alvarez, Luis Perez Verdia, Antonio Ramos Pedrueza, Ro- berto A. Esteva Ruiz. Pela Republica de Nicaragua. — -Manuel Perez Alonso. Pela Republica do Panamd. — Belisario Por- ras. Pela Republica do Paraguay. — -Teodosio Gonzalez, Jose P. Montero. Pela Republica do Peru. — Carlos Alvarez Calderon, Jos4 Antonio de Lavalle y Pardo. Pela Republica do Salvador. — Federico Mejfa, Francisco Martinez Suarez. Pela Republica do V^ruguay. — Gonzalo Ra- mirez, Carlos M. de Pena, Antonio M. Rodriguez, Juan Jose Amezaga. Pelos Estados Unidos da Venezuela. — Man- uel Diaz Rodriguez, Cesar Zumeta. Pour la Republiqne du Chili.— Miguel Cru- chaga Tocornal, Emilio Bello (Jodecido, Anfbal Cruz Diaz, Beltrdn Mathieu. Pour la Republiqne de Colombie. — Roberto Ancizar. Pour la Republique de Costa-Rica. — Al- fredo Volio. Pour la Republique de Cuba. — Carlos Gar- cia V61ez, Rafael Montoro y Vald^s, Gonzalo de Quesada y Arostegui, Anto- nio Gonzalo Perez, Jose M. Carbonell. Pour la Republique Dominicaine. — Amer- ico Lugo. Pour la Republique de I'Equateur. — Ale- jandro Cardenas. Pour la Republique de Guatemala. — ^Luis Toledo Herrarte, Manuel Arroyo, Mario Estrada. Pour la Republique d'Haiti. — Constantin Fouchard. Pour la Republique de Honduras.— huia Lazo Ariaga. Pour les Etats-Unis Mexicains. — Victori- ano Salado Alvarez, Luis Perez Verdfa, Antonio Ramos Pedrueza, Roberto A. Esteva Ruiz. Pour la Republique de Nicaragua. — Man- uel P^rez Alonso. Pour la Republique de Panama. — Belisdrio Porras. Pour la Republique du Paraguay. — Teo- dosio Gonzalez, Jose P. Montero. Pour la Republique du Perou. — Carlos Al- varez Calderon, Jose Antonio de La- valle y Pardo. Pour la Republique du Salvador. — Feder- ico Mejia, Francisco Martinez Sudrez. Pour la Repriblique de V Uruguay. — Gon- zalo Ramirez, Carlos M. de Pena, An- tonio M. Rodriguez, Juan Jose Ame- zaga. Pour les Etats-Unis -de Venezuela. — Manuel Diaz Rodriguez, C^sar Zumeta. APPENDIX Z. CUARTA CONFERENCIA INTERNACIONAL AMERICANA RESOLUCION RESOLUTION C'ongrcso cientifico internacional Americano American international Scientific Congress Los que Buscriben, Delegados de las Republicas representadas en la Cuarta Oonferencia Internacional Americana, debidamente autorizados por sua respecti- vos Gobiernos, ban aprobado la siguiente Resolucion: La Cuarta Conferencia Internacional Americana, reunida en Buenos Aires, resuelve: Felicitar al Excmo. Gobierno Argen- tino por haber decretado, y a la Sociedad Cientifica Argentina por haber organizado y realizado con tan brillante exito, la reunion del Congreso Cientifico Interna- cional Americano en Buenos Aires, y hace votos porque tales Asambleas sean fre- cuentes en America y porque en el prox- imo Congreso Cientifico Pan-Americano, que se reunira en la Ciudad de Washington en 1912, esten ampliamente representadas las Republicas Americanas, para mayor acercamiento de sabios y general difusion de las luces y de la ciencia en el mundo. Hecho y firmado en la ciudad de Buenos Aires a los once dias del mes de Agosto de mil novecientos diez, en espanol, ingles, portugues, y frances y depositado en el Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores de la Republica Argentina, a fin de que se saquen copias certificadas para enviarlas, por la via diplom^tica, a cada uno de los Estados signatarios. Por los Estados Unidos de America. — Henry White, Enoch H.Crowder, Lewis Nixon, John Basselt Moore, Bernard Moses, Lamar C. Quintero, Paul S. Reinsch, David Kinley. Por la Republica Argentina. — Antonio Bermejo, Eduardo L. Bidaii, Manuel A. Montes de Oca, Epifanio Portela, Carlos Salas, Jose A. Terry, Estanislao S. Zeballos. Por los Estados Unidos del Brasil. — Joa- quim Murtinho, Domicio da Gama, Jose L. Almeida Nogueira, Olavo Bilac, Gastao da Cunha, Herculano de Freitas. 236 The undersigned, Delegates of the Re- publics represented in the Fourth Inter- national American Conference, duly au- thorized by their respective Governments, have approved the following Resolution: The Fourth International American Conference, assembled at Buenos Aires, resolves: Congratulate the Argentine Govern- ment on having decreed, and the Argen- tine Scientific Society for having organ- ized and held with such brilliant success, the meeting of the International Ameri- can Scientific Congress at Buenos Aires, and expresses the hope that such assem- blies may be frequent in America and that at the next Pan American Scientific Con- gress, to be held at Washington in 1912, the American Republics may be fully rep- resented in order to bring about closer re- lations between scientific men, and a gen- eral diffusion of the light of science throughout the world. Done and signed in the city of Buenos Aires, on the eleventh day of August in the year one thousand nine hundred and ten, in Spanish, Portuguese, English and French, and deposited in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Argentine Repub- lic, in order that certified copies be made for transmission to each one of the Signa- tory Nations through the appropriate dip- lomatic channels. For the United States of America. — Henry White, Enoch H.Crowder, Lewis Nixon, John Bassett Moore, Bernard Moses, Lamar C. Quintero, Paul S. Reinsch, David Kinley. For the Argentine Republic. — Antonio Ber- mejo, Eduardo L. Bidau, Manuel A. Montes de Oca, Epifanio Portela, Carlos Salas, Jose A. Terry, Estanislao S. Zeballos. For the United States of Brazil. — ^Joaquim Murtinho, Domicio da Gama, Jose L. Almeida Nogueira, Olavo Bilac, Gastao da Cunha, Herculano de Freitas. APPENDIX Z. CUAUTA CONFEBENCIA INTEBNACIONAL AMERICANA RESOLUpAO Congresso sdentifico internadonal Avieri- Os abaixo assignados, Delegados das Republicas representadas na Quarta Con- ferencia Internacional Americana, de- vidamente autorizados pelos seus respec- tivos Governos, approvaram a seguinte Resolufao: A Quarta Conferencia Internacional Americana, reunida em Buenos Aires, resolve : Felicitar o Exmo. Governo Argentine por ter decretado, e a Sociedade Scien- tifica Argentina por ter organizado e realizado, com tao brilhante exito, a re- uniao do Congresso Scientifico Inter- nacional Americano, em Buenos Aires, e faz votos para que taes assembleas sejam frequentes na America e para que no proximo Congresso Scientifico Pan-Ameri- cano, que se reunira na cidade de Wash- ington en 1912, estejam largamente repre- sentadas as Republicas Americanas, para maior approxima^ao dos eruditos, e geral diffusao dos conhecimentos e da sciencia. Feito e assignado na cidade de Buenos Aires, aos onze dias do mez de Agosto de mil novecentos e dez, em hespanhol, inglez, portuguez e francez, e entregue ao Ministerio das Relag oes Exteriores da Re- publica Argentina, para que se tirem copias authenticadas que serao enviadas, pela via diplomatica, a cada um dos Estados signatarios. Pelos Estados Unidos da America. — Henry White, Enoch H. Crowd er, Lewis Nixon, John Bassett Moore, Bernard Moses, Lamar C. Quintero, Paul S. Reinsch, David Kinley. Pela Republica Argentina. — Antonio Ber- mejo, Eduardo L. Bidau, Manuel A. Monte3 de Oca, Epifanio Portela, Carlos Salas, Jose A. Terry, Estanislao S. Zeballos. Pelos Estados Unidos do Brasil. — Joaquim Murtinho, Domicio da Gama, Jos6 L. Almeida Nogueira, Olavo Bilac, Gastao da Cunha, Herculano de Freitas. RESOLUTION Congr^s scientifique international Ameri- cain Les soussignes, D61^gu6s des Repub- liques representees a la Quatrieme Con- ference Internationale Am^ricaine, d(i- ment autorises par leurs Gouvernements respectifs, ont approuve la Resolution suivante : La Quatrieme Conference Interna- tionale Am^ricaine, reunie a Buenos- Aires, rfeout: Feliciter I'Excellentissime Gouverne- ment Argentin pour avoir decr^te, et aussi la Societe Scientifique Argentine pour avoir organise et realist, avec un aussi brillant succes, la reunion du Con- gres Scientifique International Am^ri- cain a Buenos-Aires, et fait des voeux pour que de telles Assemblees soient fre- quentes en Am^rique et pour qu'au pro- chain Congres Scientifique Pan-Ameri- cain qui se reunira a Washington en 1912, soient amplement representees les R^- publiques Americaines, pour faciliter le rapprochement des savants et la diffusion g^n^rale des lumieres et de la science dans le monde. Fait et sign6 a Buenos-Aires, le onzieme jour du mois d'aout mil neuf cent dix, en espagnol, anglais, portugais et francais, et depose au Ministere des Affaires Etrang- feres de la Republique Argentine, afin qu'il en soit fait des copies authentiquees qui seront envoyees, ,par la voie diplo- matique, a chacn des Etats signataries. Pour les Etats-Unis d'Amerique. — Henry White, Enoch H. Crowd er, Lewis Nixon, John Bassett Moore, Bernard Moses, Lamar C. Quintero, Paul S. Reinsch, David Kinley. Pour la Republique Argentine. — Antonio Bermejo, Eduardo L. Bidau, Manuel A. Montes de Oca, Epifanio Portela, Carlos Salas, Jose A. Terry, Estanislao S. ZeballoS; Pour les Etats-Unis du Bresil. — ^Joaquim Murtinho, Domicio da Gama, Jose L, Almeida Nogueira, Olavo Bilac, Gastao da Cunha, Herculano de Freitas. 237 238 FOURTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN STATES. For la Repiiblica de Chile. — Miguel Cru- chaga Tocornal, Emilio Bello Codecido, Anibal Cruz Diaz, Beltran Mathieu. For la Republica de Colombia. — Roberto Ancizar. For la Republica de Costa Rica. — Alfredo Volio. For la Republica de Cuba.- — Carlos Garcia Velez, Rafael Montoro y Valdes, Gon- zalo de Quesada y Arostegui, Antonio Gonzalo Perez, Jose M. Carbonell. For la Republica Dominicana. — AmMco Lugo. For la Republica del Ecuador. — Alejandro Cardenas. For la Republica de Guatemala. — Luis To- ledo Herrarte, Manuel Arroyo, Mario Estrada. For la Republica de Haiti. — Constantin Fouchard. For la Republica de Honduras. — Luis Lazo Arriaga. For los Estados Unidos Mexicanos. — Victo- riano Salado Alvarez, Luis Perez Verdia, Antonio Ramos Pedrueza, Roberto A. Esteva Ruiz. For la Republica de Nicaragua. — Manuel Perez Alonso. For la Republica de Fanamd. — Belisario Porras. For la Republica del Faraguay. — .Teodosio Gonzalez, Jose P. Montero. For la Repiiblica del Feru. — Eugenio Larra- bure y Unanue, Carlos Alvarez Calde- ron, Jose Antonio de Lavalle y Pardo. For la Republica de El Salvador. — Federico Mejia, Francisco Martinez Suarez. For la Republica del Uruguay. — Gonzalo Raniii'ez, Carlos M. de Pena, Antonio M. Rodriguez, Juan Jose Amezaga. For los Estados Unidos de Venezuela. — Manuel Diaz Rodriguez, Cesar Zumeta. For the Republic of Chili.- — Miguel Cru- chaga Tocornal, Emilio Bello Codecido, Anibal Cruz Diaz, Beltran Mathieu. For the Republic of Colombia. — Roberto Ancizar. For the Republic of Costa Rica. — Alfredo Volio. For the Republic of Cuba. — Carlos Garcia Velez, Rafael Montoro y Valdes, Gon- zalo de Quesada y Arostegui, Antonio Gonzalo Perez, Jose M. Carbonell. For the Dominican Republic. — Americo Lugo. For the Republic of Ecuador. — Alejandro Cardenas. For the Republic of Guatemala. — Luis Toledo Herrarte, Manuel Arroyo, Mario Estrada. For the Republic of Haiti. — Constantin Fouchard . For the Republic of Honduras. — Luis Lazo Arriaga. For the United Mexican States. — Victori- ano Salado Alvarez, Luis Perez Verdia, Antonio Ramos Pedrueza, Roberto A. Esteva Ruiz. For the Republic of Nicaragua. — Manuel Perez Alonso. For the Republic of Fanama. — Belisario Porras. For the Republic of Faraguay. — Teodosio Gonzalez, Jose P. Montero. For the Republic of Feru.— Eiigenio Larra- bure y Unanue, Carlos Alvarez Calde- ron, Jose Antonio de Lavalle y Pardo. For the Republic of Salvador. — Federico Mejia, Francisco Martinez Suarez. For the Republic of Uruguay. — Gonzalo Ramirez, Carlos M. de Pena, Antonio M. Rodriguez, Juan Jose Amezaga. For the United States of Venezuela. — Manuel Diaz Rodriguez, Cesar Zumeta. FOURTH INTEENATIONAL CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN STATES. 239 Pela Kcpublica do Chile .—Miguel Crvi- chaga Tocornal, Erailio Bello Codecido, Anlbal Cruz Diaz, Beltran Mathieu. Pela RepiMica da Colombia. — Roberto Ancizar. Pela Republica da Costa Rica. — Alfredo Volio. Pela Repiiblica de Cuba. — Carlos Garcia Velez, Rafael Montoro y Valdes, Gon- zalo de Quesada y Arostegui, Antonio Gonzalo P^rez. Jose M. Carbonell. Pela Republica Dominicana. — Americo Lugo. Pela Republica do Equador. — Alejandro Cardenas. Pela Repu blica de Guatemala. — Luis Toledo Herrarte, Manuel Arroyo, Mario Es- trada. Pela Republica de Haiti. — Constantin Fouchard. Pela Republica de Honduras. — Luis Lazo Arriaga. Pelos Estados TJnidos do Mexico. — Vic- toriano Salad o Alvarez, Luis Perez Ver- dla, Antonio Ramos Pedrueza, Roberto A. Esteva Ruiz. Pela Republica de Nicaragua. — Manuel Perez Alonso. Pela Republica do Panama. — Belisario Porras. Pela Republica do Paraguay. — Teodosio Gonzalez. Jose P. Montero. Pela Republica do Peru. — Eugenio Larra- bure y Unanue, Carlos Alvarez Calde- ron, Jose Antonio de Lavalle y Pardo. Pela Republica do Salvador. — Federico Mejia, Francisco Martinez Suarez. Pela Republica do Uruguay. — Gonzalo Ramii-ez, Carlos M. de Pena, Antonio M. Rodriguez, Juan Jose Amezaga. Pelos Estados Unidos da Venezuela. — Manuel Diaz Rodriguez, Cesar Zumeta. Pour la Rcpublique du Chili. — Miguel Cruchaga Tocornal, Emilio Bollo Code- cido, Anibal Cruz Diaz, lieltran Mathieu. Pour la Rcpublique de Colombie. — Roberto Ancizar. Pour la Rcpublique de Costa-Rica. — Al- fredo Volio. Pour la Republique de Cuba. — Carlos Gar- cia Velez, Rafael Montoro y Valdes, Gonzalo de Quesada y Arostegui, Anto- nio Gonzalo Perez, Jose M. Carbonell. Pour la Republique Dominicaine. — Ame- rico Lugo. Pou la Republique de VEquateur. — Ale- jandro Cardenas. Pour la Rcpublique du Guatemala. — Luis Toledo Herrarte, Manuel Arroyo, Mario Estrada. Pour la Republique d'Ha'iti. — Constantin Fouchard . Pour la Republique du Honduras. — Luis Lazo Ariaga. Pour les Etats-Unis Mexicains. — Victoria- no Salado Alvarez, Luis Perez Verdia, Antonio Ramos Pedrueza, Roberto A. Esteva Ruiz. Pour la Republique de Nicaragua. — Manuel Perez Alonso. Pour la Republique de Panama. — Belisario Porras. Pour la Republique du Paraguay. — Teodo- sio Gonzalez, Jose P. Montero. Pour la Republique du Perou. — Eugenio Larrabure y Unanue, Carlos Alvarez Calderon, Jose Antonio de Lavalle y Pardo . Pour la Rcpublique du Salvador. — Fede- rico Mejia, Francisco Martinez Suarez. Pour la Republique de V Uruguay. — Gon- zalo Ramirez, Carlos M. de Pena, Anto- nio M. Rodriguez, Juan Jose Amezaga. Pour les Etats-Unis de Venezuela. — Manuel Diaz Rodriguez, Cesar Zumeta. APPENDIX AA CUARTA CONFERENCIA INTERNACIONAL AMERICANA RESOLUCION Conmemoracion de la apertura del Canal de Panamd Lob que suscriben, Delegacies de la^ Repliblicas representadas en la Cuarta Conferencia Internacional Americana, debidamente autorizados por sus Gobier- nos, ban aprobado la siguiente Resolu- ci6n: La Cuarta Conferencia Internacional Americana, resuelve: Unica: Se encomienda al Consejo Pleno de la Union de las Repiiblicas Ameri- canas, establecido en la ciudad de "Wash- ington, la manera de solemnizar la aperture del canal de Panama. Hecbo y firmado en la ciudad de Buenos Aires, a los cuatro dias del mes de Agosto de mil novecientos diez, en espanol, portugues ingles y frances, y depositado en el Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores de la Repiiblica Argentina, a fin de que se saquen copias certificadas para enviarlas, por la via diplomatica, a cada uno de los Estados signatarios. Por los Estados Unidos de America. — Henry White, Enoch H. Crowder, Lewis Nixon, John Bassett Moore, Ber- nard Moses, Lamar C. Quintero, Paul S. Reinsch, Da\dd Kinley. Por la Republica Argentina. — Antonio Bermejo, Eduardo L. Bidau, Manuel A. Montes de Oca, Epifanio Portela, Car- los Salas, Jose A. Terry, Estanislao S. Zeballos. Por los Estados Unidos del Brasil. — Joa- quim Murtinho, Domicio da Gama, Jose L. Almeida Nogueira, Olavo Bilac, Gastao da Cunha. Por la Republica de Chile. — Miguel Cru- chaga Tocornal, Emilio Bello Codecido, Anibal Cruz Diaz, Beltrdn Mathieu. Por la Rep'khlica de Colombia. — Roberto Ancizar. Por la Republica de Costa Rica. — Alfredo Volio. Por la Republica de Cuba. — Carlos Garcia V41ez, Rafael Montoro y Vald^s, Gon- zalo de Quesada y Arostegui, Antonio Gonzalo Perez, Jos^ M. Carbonell. RESOLUTION Commemoration of the oftening of the Panama Canal The undersigned, Delegates of the Republics represented at the Fourth International American Conference, duly authorized by their Governments, have approved the following Resolution: The Fourth International American Conference resolves: To refer the manner in which the open- ing of the Panama Canal shall be cele- brated, to the Governing Board of the Union of American Republics, in the city of Washington. Done and signed in the city of Buenos Aires on the Fourth day of Augiist in the year one thousand nine hundred and ten, in Spanish, Portuguese, English and French, and deposited in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Argentine Repub- lic, in order that certified copies be made for transmission to each one of the Signa- tory Nations through the appropriate diplomatic channels. For the United States of America. — Henry ^Tiite, Enoch H. Crowder, Lewis Nixon, John Bassett Moore, Bernard Moses, Lamar C. Quintero, Paul S. Reinsch, Da\'id Kinley. For the Argentine Republic. — Antonio Bermejo, Eduardo L. Bidau, Manuel A. ^lontes de Oca, Epifanio Portela, Car- los Salas, Jose A. Terry, Estanislao S. Zeballos. For the United States of Brazil. — Joaquim Murtinho, Domicio da Gama, Jose L. Almeida Nogueira, Olavo Bilac, Gastao da Cunha. For the Republic of Chili. — Miguel Cru- chaga Tocornal, Emilio Bello Codecido, Anibal Cruz Diaz, Beltran Mathieu. For the Republic of Colombia. — Roberto Ancizar. For the Republic of Costa Rica. — Alfredo Volio. For the Republic of Cuba. — Cai'los Garcia Velez, Rafael Montoro y Valdes, Gon- zalo de Quesada y Arostegui, Antonio Gonzalo Perez, Jose M. Carbonell. 240 APPENDIX AA. CUARTA CONFERENCIA INTERNACIONAL AMERICANA RESOLUgAO Commemora^o da abertura do Canal de Panamd Os abaixo assignados, Delegados das Republicas representadas na Quarta Con- ferencia Internacional Americana, devi- damente autorizados pelos seus Governos, approvaram a seguinte Resolugao : A Quarta Conferencia Internacional Americana resolve: Encommendar ao Conselho Director da Uniao das Republicas Americanas, esta- belecido na cidade de Washington, o modo de solemnizar a abertm-a do Canal de Panamd,. Feito e assignado na cidade de Buenos Aii-es, aos quatro dias do mez de Agosto de mil novecentos e dez, em hespanhol, portuguez, inglez e francez, e archivado no Ministerio das Relagoes Exteriores da Republica Argentina, para que se tirem copias authenticadas que serao enviadas, pela Ada diplomatica, a cada um dos Estados signatarios. Pelos Estados Unidos da America. — Henry White, Enoch H. Crowder, Lewis Nixon, John Bassett Moore, Bernard Moses, Lamar C. Quintero, Paul S. Reinsch, DaA^d Kinley. Pela Republica Argentina. — Antonio Bermejo. Eduardo L. Bidau, Manuel A. Montes de Oca. Epifanio Portela, ■ Carlos Salas, Jos6 A. Terry, Estanislao S. Zeballos. Pelos Estados Unidos do Brasil. — ^Joaquim Murtinho. Domicio da Gama, Jos6 L. Almeida Nogueira, Olavo Bilac, Gastao da Cunha. Pela Republica do Chile. — Miguel Cru- chaga Tocomal, Emilio Bello Codecido, Anibal Cruz Diaz, Beltrdn Mathieu. Pela Republica da Colombia. — Roberto Ancizar. Pela Republica da Costa Rica. — Alfredo Volio. Pela Republica de Cuba. — Carlos Garcia V^lez. Rafael Montoro y Vald^s, Gon- zalo de Quesada y Ar6stegui, Antonio Gonzalo Perez. Jose M. Carbonell. 74034— S. Doc. 744, 61-3 16 RESOLUTION Commemoration de I'ouverture dr-- de Panaraa Les Soussign6s, Delegues des Repu, liques representees a la Quatrieme Confer- ence Internationale Americaine, dument autorises par leurs Gouvernements, ont approuve la Resolution suivante: La Quatrieme Conference Internation- ale Americaine resout: De confier au Conseil Directeur de r Union des Rep ub liques Americaines etabli a Washington, la maniere de solen- niser 1' inauguration du Canal de Panama. Fait et signe dans la Ville de Buenos- Aires, le quatre Aout mil neuf cent dix, en espagnol, portugais, anglais et frangais, et depose au Ministere des Affaires Etran- geres de la Republique Argentine, pour qu'il en soit fait des copies authentiqu^es qui seront envoyees, par la voie diplo- matique, a chacun des Etats signataires. Pour les Etats-Unis d'Amerique. — Henry "White, Enoch H. Crowder, Lewis Nixon, John Bassett Moore, Bernard Moses, Lamar C. Quintero, Paul S. Reinsch, David Kinley. Pour la Republique Argentine. — ^Antonio Bermejo, Eduardo Bidau, Manuel A. Montes de Oca, Epifanio Portela, Carlos Salas, Jose A. Terry, Estanislao S. Zeballos., Pour les Etats-Unis du Bresil. — ^Joaquim Mmtinho, Domicio da Gama, Jose L. Almeida ISIosueira, Olavo Bilac, Gastao da Cunha. Pour la Republique du CTiVi.— Miguel Cruchaga Tocomal, Emilio Bello Code- cido, Anibal Cruz Diaz, Beltran Mathieu. Pour la Republique de Colombie. — -Roberto Ancizar. Pour la Republique de Costa-Rica. — ■ Alfredo Volio. Pour la Republique de Cuba. — Carlos Garcia Velez, Rafael Montoro y Valdes, Gonzalo de Quesada y Arostegui, Antonio Gonzalo Perez, Jose M. Car- bonell. 241 242 FOURTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN STATES. For la Repuhlica Dominicana. — Am^rico Lugo. For la Repuhlica del Ecvxidor. — Alejandro Cai'denas. For la Repuhlica de Guatemala. — Luis To- ledo Herrarte, Manuel Arroyo, Mario Estrada. For la Repuhlica de Haiti. — Constantin Fouchard. For la Repuhlica de Honduras. — Luis Lazo Arriaga. For los Estados TJnidos Mexicanos. — Vic- toriano Salado Alvarez, Luis Perez '<^rdia, Antonio Ramos Pedrueza, "to A. Esteva Ruiz. . ■v- .r.:"".^ jg Nicaragua. — Manuel jtica de Fanamd. — Belisario ^epuhlica del Faraguay.- — Teodosio O^nzalez, Jose P. Montero. For la Repuhlica del Feru. — Carlos Alvarez Calderon, Jose Antonio de Lavalle y Par do. ,. or la Repuhlica de El Salvador. — Federico Mejla, Francisco Martinez Suarez. For la Repuhlica del Uruguay. — Gonzalo Ramirez, Carlos M. de Pena, Antonio M. Rodriguez, Juan Jose Amezaga. For los Estados Unidos de Venezuela. — Manuel Diaz Rodriguez Cesar Zumeta. For the Dominican Republic. — Americo Lugo. For the Republic of Ecuador. — Alejandro Cdrdenas. For the Republic of Guatemala. — Luis To- ledo Herrarte, Manuel Arroyo, Mario Estrada. For the Republic of Haiti. — Constantin Fouchard. For the Republic of Honduras. — Luis Lazo Arriaga. For the United Mexican States. — Victori- ano Salado Alvarez, Luis Perez Verdia, Antonio Ramos Pedrueza, Roberto A. Esteva Ruiz. For the Republic of Nicaragua. — Manuel Perez Alonso. For the Republic of Fanama. — Belisario Porras. For the Republic of Faraguay. — Teodosio Gonzalez, Jose P. Montero. For the Republic of Feru. — Carlos Alvarez Calderon, Jose Antonio de Lavalle y Pardo. For the Republic of Salvador. — Federico Mejia, Francisco Martinez Suarez. For the Republic of Uruguay. — Gonzalo Ramirez, Carlos M. de Pena, Antonio M. Rodriguez, Juan Jose Amezaga. For the United States of Venezuela. — ^Man- uel Diaz Rodriguez, Cesar Zumeta. FOURTH INTERNATIONAL, CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN STATES. 243 Pela Republica Dominicana. — Americo Lugo. Pela Republica do Equador. — Alejandro Cdrdenas. Pela Republica de Guatemala. — Luis To- ledo Herrarte, Manuel Arroyo, Mario Estrada. Pela Republica de Haiti. — Constantin Foucliard. Pela Republica de Honduras. — Luis Lazo Arriaga. Pela Estados Unidos do Mexico. — Vic- toriano Salado Alvarez, Luis P6rez Verdia, Antonio Ramos Pedrueza, Ro- berto A. Esteva Ruiz. Pela Republica de Nicaragua. — Manuel Perez Alonso. Pela Republica do Panamd. — Belisario Porras. Pela Republica do Paraguay. — Teodosio Gonzalez, Jose P. Montero. Pela Republica do Peru. — Carlos Alvarez Calder6n, Jos6 Antonio de Layalle y Pardo. Pela Republica do Salvador. — Federico Mejia, Francisco Martinez Suarez. Pela Republica do Ui-uguay. — Gonzalo Ramirez, Carlos M. de Pena, Antonio M. Rodriguez, Juan Jose Amezaga. Pelos Estados Unidos da Venezuela. — Man- uel Diaz Rodriguez, Cesar Zumeta. Pour la Republique Dominicaine . — ■Ame- rico Lugo. Pour la Republique de V Equateur. — Alej- andro Cardenas. Pour la Republique de Guatemala. — Luis Toledo Herrarte, Manuel Arroyo, Mario Estrada. Pour la Republique d'Haiti. — Constantin Fouchard. Pour la Republique de Honduras. — ^Luis Lazo Arriaga. Pour les Etats-Unis Mexicains. — Vic- toriano Salado Alvarez, Luis P^rez Verdia, Antonio Ramos Pedru^^ Roberto A. Esteva Ruiz. Pour la Republique df, N"^ Canal Manuel Perez Alonsc^!^' Pour la Republique d€\'., sario Porras. ' ^b- Pour la Republique du Paray,-. dosio Gonzalez, Jose P. Monrer^^' ^''^^ Pour la Republique du Perow.— Carlos Alvarez Calderon, Jose Antonio de Lavalle y Pardo. Pour la Republique du Salvador. — F^f. rico Mejia, Francisco Martinez SuAr"* Pour la Republique de l' Uruguay. — Gonzalo Ramirez, Carlos M. de Pena, Antonio M. Rodriguez, Juan Jose Amezaga. Pour les Etats-Unis de Venezuela. — Manuel Diaz Rodriguez, Cesar Zumeta. APPENDIX BB. CUARTA CONFERENCIA INTERNACIONAL AMERICANA. RESOLTJCION Futuras conferencias Los que suscriben, Delegados de las Re- piiblicas representadas en la Cuarta Con- ferencia Internacional Americana, debi- damente autorizados por sus Gobiernos, ban aprobado la siguiente Resolucion: La Cuarta Conferencia Internacional Americana, reunida en Buenos Aires, re- suelve: 1°. Se faculta al Consejo Directivo de la Union de las Repiiblicas Americanas para que dentro del plazo de cinco anos, convoque la reunion de la Quinta Con- ferencia Internacional Americana. Se le autoriza asi mismo para que seiiale la ciudad que deba servir de sede a la Asam- blea y para que de forma al programa de este e intervenga en todos los pormenores concernientes, de conformidad con lo que establece la Resolucion que organiza la Union de las Republicas Americanas. Si no fuere posible la reunion de las Con- ferencias dentro del plazo fijado, el Con- sejo Directivo de la Union podra senalar otra fecha. 2°. Se recomienda al mismo Consejo Directivo que haga, con un ano de antici- pacion, la designacion de fecha y lugar para la Quinta Conferencia y que, a lo menos, seis meses antes de la 6poca que senale, comunique el programa para dicha Conferencia. Hecho y firmado en la ciudad de Buenos Aires, a los once dias del mes de Agosto de mil novecientos diez, en espanol, por- tugues, ingles y frances, y depositado en el Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores de la Repiiblica Argentina, a fin de qiie se saquen copias certificadas para enviarlas, por la via diplomatica, a cada uno de los Estados signatarios. Por los Estados Unidos de America. — Henry White, Enoch H. Crowder, Lewis Nixon, John Bassett Moore, Ber- nard Moses, Lamar C. Quintero, Paul S. Reinsch, David Kinley. 244 RESOLUTION Future conferences The undersigned, Delegates off'the Republics represented at the Fourth In- ternational American Conference, duly authorized by their Governments, have approved the following resolution: The Fourth International American Conference, assembled at Buenos Aires, resolves: 1st. That the Governing Board of the Union of American Republics be empow- ered, within a term of five years, to con- voke the meeting of the Fifth Interna- tional American Conference. It is at the same time authorised to appoint the city which shall be the place of meeting of the Conference, to draw up the program and to arrange all details, in conformity with the provisions of the Resolution organizing the Union of American Re- publics. If the assembling of the Con- ference within the period fixed should not be possible, the Governing Board of the Union may appoint another date. 2nd. It is recommended to the said Governing Board that one year's notice be given of the date and place appointed for the Fifth Conference, and that the program for the said Conference be communicated not less than six months previous to the appointed date. Done and signed in the City of Buenos Aires, on the eleventh day of August in the year one thousand nine hundred and ten, in Spanish, Portuguese, English and French, and deposited in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Argentine Repub- lic, in order that certified copies be made for transmission to each of the Signatory Nations, through appropriate diplomatic channels. For the United States of America. — Henry White, Enoch W. Crowder, Lewis Nixon, John Bassett Moore, Bernard Moses, Lamar C. Quintero, Pa,ul S. Reinsch, David Kinley. APPENDIX BB CUARTA CONFERENCIA INTERNACIONAL AMERICANA RESOLUpAO. Futuras Conferencias Os abaixo assignados, Delegados das Republicas representadas na Quarta Con- ferencia Internacional Americana, devi- damente autorizados pelos seus Govemos, appro varam a seguinte Resolugao: A Quarta Conferencia Internacional Americana resolve: 1." Autoriza-se ao Conselho Director da Uniao das Repyblicas Americanas a convocar, dentro do prazo de cinco annos, a reuniao da Quinta Conferencia Inter- nacional Americana, ficando tambem autorizado a indicar a cidade que devera servir de sede i, assemblea, a organizar o programma d'esta, e a intervir em todos OS pormenores conforme o estabelecido pela resolugao que organiza a Uniao das Republicas Americanas." Se nao for pos- sivel a reuniao da Conferencia dentro do prazo marcado, o Conselho Director da Uniao poderd designar outra data. 2° Recommenda-se ao mesmo Conselho Director que fixe, com um anno de ante- cipagao, a data e logar para a Quinta Con- ferencia, e que, pelo menos seis mezes antes, communique o programma da referida Conferencia. Feito e assignado na cidade de Buenos Aires, aos onze dias do mez de Agosto de mil novecentos e dez, em hespanhol, por- tuguez, inglez e francez, e entregue no Min- isterio das Relagoes Exteriores da Repub- lica Argentina, para que se tirem copias authenticadas, que serao enviadas, pela via diplomatica, a cada um dos Estados signatarios. Pelos Estados Unidos da Alflerica. — Henry White, Enoch H. Crowder, Lewis Nixon, John Bassett Moore, Bernard Moses, Lamar C. Quintero, Paul S. Reinsch, David Kinley. RESOLUTION Futures confirences Les soussignes, Delegues des Repub- liques representees a la Quatrieme Con- ference Internationale Americaine, dti- ment autorises par leurs Gouvernements, ont approuve la Resolution suivante : La Quatrieme Conference Internation- ale Americaine reunie a Buenos-Aires resout : 1.° II est confie aux soins du Conseil Directif de I'Union des Republiques Americaines de convoquer dans le delai de cinq annees la reunion de la Cinquieme Conierence Internationale Americaine. — U est egalement autorise a designer la ville qui devra servir de siege a I'Assemblee, h en determiner le programme et a interve- nir dans tons les details qui y auraient trait, conformement a ce qui est etabli par la Resolution qui organise 1'" Union des Republiques Americaines." Si la reunion de la Conference ne pouvait se realiser dans le laps de temps fixe le Con- seil Directif de I'Union pourra designer une autre date. 2." II est recommande au meme Conseil Directif de proceder un an d'avance a la designation de la date et du lieu pour la reunion de la Cinquieme Conference, et de communiquer le programme de la dite Conference six mois au moins avant I'epo- que designee. Fait et signe a Buenos-Aires, le onzieme jour du mois d'aout mil neuf cent dix, en espagnol, en portugais, en anglais et en frangais, et depose au Ministere des Af- faires Etrangeres de la Republique Argen- tine, afin qu'il en soit fait des copies au- thentiquees qui seront envoyees, par la voie diplomatique, a chacun des Etats signataires. Pour les Etats-Unis d'Amerique. — Henry "^Tiite, Enoch H. Crowder, Lewis Nixon, John Bassett Moore, Bernard Moses, Lamar C. Quintero, Paul S. Reinsch, David Kinley. 245 246 FOURTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN STATES. Por la Republica Argentina. — Antonio Bermejo, Eduardo L. Bidau, Manuel A. Montes de Oca, Epifanio Portela, Carlos Salas, Jos6 A. Terry, Estanislao S. Zeballos. Por los Estados Unidos del Brasil. — ^Joa- quim Murtinho, Domicio da Gama, Jose L. Almeida Nogueira, Olavo Bilac, Gastao da Cunha. Por la Repixhlica de Chile. — Miguel Cru- chaga Tocornal, Emilio Belle Codecido, Anfbal Cruz Diaz, Beltrdn Mathieu. Por la Rep-dblica de Colombia. — Roberio Ancizar. Por la Repiiblica de Costa Rica. — ^Alfredo Volio. Por la Repiiblica de Cuba. — Carlos Garcia Velez, Rafael Montoro y Valdes, Gon- zalo de Quesada y Arostegui, Antonio Gonzalo Perez, Jose M. Carbonell. Por la Republica Dominicana. — Americo Lugo. Por la Republica del Ecuador. — Alejandro Cardenas. Por la Republica de Guatemala. — Luis Toledo Herrarte, Manuel Arroyo, Mario Estrada. Por la Repilblica de Haiti. — Constantin Fouchard . Por la Republica de Honduras. — Luis Lazo Arriaga. Por los Estados Unidos Mexicanos. — Vic- toriano Salado Alvarez, Luis Perez Ver- dia, Antonio Ramos Pedrueza, Roberto A. Esteva Ruiz. Por la Repliblica de Nicaragua. — Manuel Perez Alonso. Por la Republica de Panamd. — Belisario Porras. Por la Repiiblica del Paraguay. — Teodosio Gonzalez, Jose P. Montero. Por la Republica del Peril. — Carlos Alva- rez Calderon, Jose Antonio de Lavelle y Pardo. Por la Repiiblica de El Salvador. —Federico Mejia, Francisco Martinez Sudrez. Por ia Repiiblica del Uruguay. — Gonzalo Ramijrez, Carlos M. de Pena, Antonio M. Rodriguez, Juan Jose Amezaga. Por los Estados Unidos de Venezuela. — Manuel Diaz Rodriguez, Cesar Zumeta. For the Argentine Republic. — Antonio Ber- mejo, Eduardo L. Bidau, Manuel A. Montes de Oca, Epifanio Portela, Carlos Salas, Jose A. Terry, Estanislao S. Ze- ballos. For the United States of Brazil. — ^Joaquim Murtinho, Domicio da Gama, Jose L. Almeida Nogueria, Olavo Bilac, Gastao da Cunha. For the Republic of Chili. — Miguel Cru- chaga Tocornal, Emilio Bello Codecido, Anibal Cruz Diaz, Beltrdn Mathieu. For the Republic of Colombia. — Roberto Ancizar. For the Republic of Costa Rica. — Alfredo Volio. For the Republic of Cuba. — Carlos Garcia Velez, Rafael Montoro y Valdes, Gon- zalo de Quesada y Arostegui, Antonio Gonzalo Perez, Jose M. Carbonell. For the Dominican Republic. — Americo Lugo. For the Republic of Ecuador. — Alejandro Cardenas. For the Republic of Guatemala. — Luis To- ledo Herrarte, Manuel Arroyo, Mario Estrada. For the Republic of Haiti — Constantin Fouchard. For the Republic of Honduras. — Luis Lazo Arriaga. For the United MeTi'can States. — Victori- ano Salado Alvarez, Luis Perez Verdla, Antonio Ramos Pedrueza, Roberto A. Esteva Ruiz. For the Republic of Nicaragua. — ^Manuel Perez Alonso. For the Republic of Panama. — Belisario Porras. For the Republic of Paraguay. — Teodosio Gonzalez, Jose P. Montero. For the Repubic of Peru. — Carlos Alvarez Calderon, Jos6 Antonio de Lavelle y Pardo. For the Republic of Salvador. — Federico Mejia, Francisco Martinez Suarez. For the Republic of Uruguay. — Gonzalo Ramirez, Carlos M. de Pena, Antonio M. Rodriguez, Juan Jos^ Amezaga. For the United States of Venezuela. — Man- uel Diaz Rodriguez, C^sar Zumeta. FOURTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN STATES. 247 Pela Repuhlica Argentina. — Antonio Ber- mejo, Eduardo L. Bidau, Manuel A. Montes de Oca, Epifanio Portela, Carlos Salas, Jos6 A. Terry, Estanislao S. Zeballos. Pelos Estados Unidos do Brasil. — Joaquim Murtinho, Domicio da Gama, Jos6 L. Almeida Nogueira, Olavo Bilac, Gastao da Cunha. Pela Repuhlica do Chile. — Miguel Crucha- ga Tocornal, Emilio Bello Codecido, Anibal Cruz Diaz, Beltrdn Mathieu. Pela Repuhlica da Colomhia. — Roberto Ancizar. Pela Repuhlica da Costa Rica. — Alfredo Volio. Pela Repuhlica de Cuha. — Carlos Garcia Velez, Rafael Montoro y Vald^s, Gon- zalo de Quesada y Arostegui, Antonio Gonzalo Perez, Jose M. Carbonell. Pela Repuhlica Dominicana. — Americo Lugo. Pela Repuhlica do Equador. — Alejandro Cdrdenas. Pela Repuhlica de Guatemala. — Luis Tole- do Herrarte, Manuel Arroyo, Mario Es- trada. Pela Repuhlica de Haiti. — Constantin Fou chard. Pela Repuhlica de Honduras. — Luis Lazo Arriaga. Pelos Estados Unidos do Mexico. — Victo- riano Salado Alvarez, Luis Perez Verdia, Antonio Ramos Pedrueza, Roberto A. Esteva Ruiz. Pela Repuhlica de Nicaragua. — Manuel Perez Alonso. Pela Repuhlica do Panamd. — Belisario Porras. Pela Repuhlica do Paraguay. — Teodosio Gonzalez, Jose P. Montero. Pela Repuhlica do Peru. — Carlos Alvarez Calderon, Jose Antonio de Lavalle y Pardo. Pela Repuhlica do Salvador. — Federico Mejia, Francisco Martinez Suarez. Pela Repuhlica do Uruguay. — Gonzalo Ramirez, Carlos M. de Pena, Antonio M. Rodriguez, Juan Jose Amezaga. Pelos Estados Unidos da Venezuela. — Manuel Diaz Rodriguez, Cesar Zumeta. Pour la Repuhlique Argentine. — Antonio Bermejo, Eduardo Bidau, Manuel A. Montes de Oca, Epifanio Portela, Carlos Salas, Jos6 A. Terry, Estanislao S. Zeballos., Pour les Etats-Unis du Bresil. — Joaquim Mui'tinho Domicio da Gama, Jose L. Almeida Nogueira, Olavo Bilac, Gastao da Cunha. Pour la Repuhlique du Chili.— Miguel Cruchaga Tocornal, Emilio Bello Code- cido, Anibal Cruz Diaz, Beltrdn Ma- thieu. Pour la Repuhlique de Colomhie. — Roberto Ancizar. Pour la Repuhlique de Costa-Rica. — Alfredo Volio. Pour la Repuhlique de Cuha. — Carlos Garcia Velez, Rafael Montoro y Valdes, Gonzalo de Quesada y Arostegui, Anto- nio Gonzalo Perez, Jose M. Carbonell. Pour la Repuhlique Dominicaine. — Ame- rico Lugo. Pour la Repuhlique de z'Equateur. — • Alejandro Cardenas. Pour la Repuhlique de Guatemala. — Luis Toledo Herrarte, Manuel Arroyo, Mario Estrada. Pour la Repuhliqu£ d' HaUi. — Constantin Fouchai'd. Pour la Repuhlique de Honduras. — Luis Lazo Ariaga. Pour les Etats Unis Mexicains. — Victori- ano Salado Alvarez, Luis Perez Verdia, Antonio Ramos Pedrueza, Roberto A. Esteva Ruiz. Pour la Repuhlique de Nicaragua. — Man- uel Perez Alonso. Pour la Repuhlique de Panama. — Be- lisario Porras. Pour la Repuhlique du Paraguay. — Teodo- sio Gonzalez, Jose P. Montero. Pour la Repuhlique du Perou. — Carlos Alvarez Calderon, Jos6 Antonio de Lavalle y Pardo. Pour la Repuhlique du Salvador. — Fede- rico Mejia, Francisco Martinez Suarez. Pour la Repuhlique de l' Uruguay. — Gon- zalo Ramirez, Carlos M. de Pena, Anto- nio M. Rodriguez, Juan Jose Amezaga. Pour les Etats Unisde Venezuela. — Manuel Diaz Rodriguez, Cesar Zumeta. APPENDIX CC. MOTIONS. Honorary presidents: The Fourth International American Conference resolves: That their Excellencies, Dr. Victorino de la Plaza and Philander C. Knox, respec- tively Minister for Foreign Affairs of the Argentine Republic and Secretary of State of the United States of America, be acclaimed honorary presidents of the Fourth International American Conference. July 12, 1910. That the members of the Fourth International American Conference rise as a token of respect to the deceased delegates of former conferences. July 14, 1910. That the Fourth International American Conference manifest the profound regret of the countries therein represented at the loss America has suffered through the death of the distinguished Brazilian statesman, Joaquim Nabuco, president of the Third International American Conference, held at Rio de Janeiro. July 14, 1910. That the Fourth International American Conference pay a tribute of respect and of sympathy to the merits of the distinguished Argentine, Emilio Mitre. July 14, 1910. That the Fourth International American Conference rise as an evidence of friend- ship toward France, and that its president address a telegram to the President of that country in the following terms: ^ t"The plenipotentiary delegates of the nations of America assembled in the Foiu'th International Conference of Buenos Aires, presents, through me, their respects to Yowc Excellency, and they greet on this glorious anniversary the great Republic of Europe." July 14, 1910. That the Fourth International American Conference adopt a vote of sympathy and regret for the Republic of Costa Rica because of the recent catastrophe that destroyed the city of Cartago, and that the President of the sister Republic be so notified. July 14, 1910. That the Fourth International American Conference authorize the chair to pass without delay to the committees the opinions, reports, and other documents, unless the office of the secretary itself should request them in case it needed them. July 20, 1910. 248 FOUBTH INTEENATIONAL CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN STATES. 249 COMMEMOJIATION Or THE CENTENNIAL OF COLOMBIA. That the President of the Fourth International American Conference address a greeting by telegraph to the Government of Colombia on the celebration of the first centennial of its independence and that the delegates rise in honor of the sister Republic. July 20, 1910. That the Fourth International American Conference innate the senators and deputies of the Argentine Republic to attend its sessions, and authorize the chair to extend this invitation to the persons it deems proper. July 20, 1910. COMMEMORATION OP THE INDEPENDENCE OP PERU. That the Fourth International American Conference greet, through its president, the Republic of Peru upon the anniversary of its independence, and that its members rise in honor of that country. July 28, 1910, COMMEMORATION OP ECUADOR. The Fourth International American Conference met in Buenos Aires, resolves: That the chair of the Fourth International American Conference greets in the name of said conference the Government of Ecuador in honor of its national anniversary, and that the delegates rise in honor of said Republic. August 10, 1910. HONORARY PRESIDENT OP THE CONFERENCE. That the Fourth International American Conference, through the chair, address a message of congratulation to His Excellency Carlos Rodriguez Larreta, member of the Argentine delegation, on his appointment as minister for foreign affairs of Argentina and elect him honorary president of the conference. August 10, 1910. HONORARY PRESIDENT OP THE CONFERENCE. That the Fourth International American Conference decline to accept the resig- nation of the honorary president of the conference, tendered by Dr. Victorino de la Plaza, formerly minister for foreign affairs of the Argentine Republic. August 10, 1910. That the Fourth International American Conference adjourn its sessions in order that the delegates may attend the taking of the oath of office by the minister for foreign affairs. Dr. Carlos Rodriguez Larreta. August 10, 1910. KESPECT FOR THE MEMORY OF HIS EXCELLENCY THE PRESIDENT OP CHILE, PEDRO MONTT. That the Fourth International Confereruce met in respect for the memory of His Excellency the President of Chile, Pedro Montt, send, through the chair, the expression of its condolence to the Goverimient and people of Chile on account of the death of that illustrious statesman. August 17, 1910. 250 FOURTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN STATES. PAN AMERICAN RAILWAY. That the Fourth International American Conference urge the American Govern- ments to prosecute and hasten the work of the Pan American Railway according to a fixed and determined plan. August 20, 1910. MESSAGE TO MR. ELIHU ROOT. That the Fourth International American Conference send to your excellency, a vote of high appreciation and constant recollection. August 20, 1910. MESSAGE TO THE SECRETARY OF STATE. That there be transmitted by cable to the Honorable P. C. Knox, Secretary of State of the United States of America, an expression of the grateful thanks of the Conference for his share as Chairman of the Governing Board in giving to the program its final form and in the success that the Conference has attained. August 27, 1910. The Fourth International American Conference resolves to express in this last session their profound thanks for the tokens of affectionate regard of which they have been the recipient from the Government of His Excellency the President of the Argentine Republic, Don Jose Figueroa Alcorta, from his excellency the Minister for Foreign Affairs and his colleagues in the cabinet, as well as the mayor, the national centennial committee, the commanders of the army and navy, and the other officials of the nation; the distinguished committee of ladies; the presidents of the clubs, and other associations of the Argentine, and its hospitable people. August 27, 1910. It is resolved by the delegates of the Fourth International American Conference to spread upon the minutes the evidence of high and affectionate appreciation that they manifest in this manner of the courtesies they have received from Dr. Antonio Bermejo, who with as much wisdom as impartiality has presided over their deliber- ations; that this appreciation shall be made to include Senor Epifanio Portela, sec- retary general of the conference for his constant labor, his invariable courtesy, and his delicate attentions in the arduous labors in his charge and that, moreover, very cordial thanks be given to the secretaries. Dr. Arturo L. Dominguez and Dr. Matiaa G. Sanchez Sorondo, and to the officials and personnel of the conference for the zeal and amiability with which they have discharged their duties, all of them contributing to the task which has been equally fruitful and pleasant. August 27, 1910. APPENDIX DD. REPORT OF THE THIRD COMMITTEE ON THE COFFEE CONGRESS PROVIDED FOR BY THIRD CONFERENCE. The third committee has the honor to report on the following proposition presented by the delegations of Costa Rica, Guatemala, and Mexico: Buenos Aires, August 3, 1910. Your Excellency, the Secretary General: The undersigned Delegations, representative in the present conference of countries actively interested in the adop- tion of measures that may tend to meet the crisis which the commercial world has experienced in coffee, a product that constitutes the wealth of 15 Republics of the Continent, taking into consideration the fact that this important subject was treated in a resolution of the Third International American Conference of Rio de Janeiro which recommended to the Governments the holding of an international American conference to suggest efficacious remedies for the benefit of coffee producers which might serve to combat the crisis felt for some years past in this branch of industry, the city of Sao Paulo, in the United States of Brazil, being designated as the place of meeting of the assembly in question, respectfully submits the following resolution: (For text of resolution, see Appendix P) 251 APPENDIX EE. REPORT OF THE FOURTH COMMITTEE, ON THE PAN AMERICAN UNION. Submission and consideration of the report of the Director of the International Bureau of American Republics, together with consideration of the present organization and of recommendations for the possible extension and improvement of its efficiency. Honorable Conference: The fourth committee has the honor to submit to the conference the following report, based upon the report of the Dixector of the Interna- tional Bureau of American Republics, the proposals annexed to the memorial of the Venezuelan delegation, sustained by Mr. C6sar Zumeta, and the projects of the resolu- tion and convention presented, the first by Mr. Anlbal Cruz Diaz, the second by Mr, Paul S. Reinsch. The commission is of opinion that the International Bureau of American Republics has rendered important services to the prosperity and culture of the peoples of America, promoting in each one of them a more exact knowledge of the other nations of the Continent, and more intimate and constant exchange of products and ideas. As the embodiment of the perpetuity of this union, there has been erected in the city of Washington, at the expense of all the Republics which constituted it, and of that ardent supporter of international peace, Mr. Andrew Carnegie, a building which serves as a proper and adequate home and which constitutes in the words of the Hon. Elihu Root "a covenant of fraternal duty, a declaration of allegiance to an ideal." In this spirit the committee has with unity of purpose considered the important and very able report of the director of this institution, the maintenance of which interests equally each one of the Republics which have created and which sustain it, and the various proposals tending to perfect its organization and to secure its stability. The committee has maintained the form of resolution which the statutes of the union have had since the beginning, and under which its present development has been achieved; and it recommends to the Governments that they consider the advisability of raising this agreement to the dignity of a convention upon the bases which are herewith proposed. For the sake of brevity and in order that the name of the institution may correspond fully to the importance of the purpose to which the nations of America in common devote themselves, the word "International" has been omitted from the title of the Union of the Republics, and it is recommended that the term Pan American Union be used for that organization of services which until now has been known as a bureau. In order that the union may be able to achieve most completely its vast task of information and propaganda, and in order that this may rest upon an official basis, it is indispensable to organize in an efficient manner the compiling of information and reports in each Republic, and their prompt transmission to Washington. The com- mittee therefore believes that this important work can not be fully carried out without attributing this function, together with the responsibilities attaching thereto, to the Pan American committees, created by the Third International American Conference. As these committees are composed in each country of former delegates to this confer- ence, and of other distinguished citizens, their cooperation in behalf of the respective countries will be of great assistance to the union, and will distribute in a better manner the common labor and responsibility . The initiative of these committees and a healthy rivalry between them will undoubtedly increase the utility and efficacy of the Pan American Union. In order to express the fraternal character of the union, the committee has affirmed the right of each State to be represented in the governing board, defining the manner of giving a vote to any Republic which may not have at the time being a diplomatic representative in Washington; and, moreover, taking full account of the precedence and the very acceptable obligations which justify the designation of the Secretary of State of the United States of America as president of the governing board of the union, 252 FOURTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN STATES. 253 this presidency has been confirmed by the mutual agreement of the nations represented, in accordance with the equal dignity of all the States which constitute the Union of American Republics. Definiteness has been introduced in the agreement to pay into the treasury of the Pan American Union the annual quota which each Government is to contribute upon a fixed date toward the maintenance of the union in conformity with the determinations of the governing board. In order that the rank of the officers of the Pan American Union in the new organi- zation may be more exactly defined, the committee recommends that the conference confer upon the director of the institution and the secretary of the board, respectively, the titles of director general and of assistant director. In connection with this act it is considered opportune to express a high appreciation of the commendable and suc- cessful work of direction and propaganda on the part of Mr. John Barrett, and of the competency with which Mr. Francisco J. Ydnes has fulfilled his duties and has assisted this committee in the course of its work. The resolutions of Rio de Janeiro have been maintained with the modifications indi- cated and with such others as rendered the original text more precise, your committee has the honor to submit the resolution to the pleasure of the conference, together with the resolution embodying the proposed convention. APPENDIX FF. [For the text of this report, see ante p. 12.] APPENDIX GG PAN AMERICAN RAILWAY : REPORT OF THE PERMANENT PAN AMERICAN RAILWAY COMMITTEE TO THE FOURTH INTERNATIONAL AMERICAN CONFERENCE, BUENOS AIRES, ARGENTINE REPUBLIC. Washington, D. C, June 10, 1910. Messrs. Delegates: I beg leave to submit, on behalf of the permanent Pan American Railway committee, whose existence was confirmed by the Third Inter- national American Conference, the following report: Since the meeting of the Third Conference at Rio de Janeiro in 1906 steady progress has been made in the realization of the project of uniting the three Americag by an international railway line. The committee has continued its work in the way of explaining the scope and development of the plan, in affording the information which has been constantly sought, in answering inquiries of a specific nature, and in giving publicity to the measures of the various Governments which offer induce- ments for capitalists to engage in railway construction in connection with the Pan American project. The importance of the enterprise grows with the industrial and commercial progress of the various Republics. In 1890, when the first practical steps were taken toward realizing the aspiration for intercontinental railway communication by the First Conference, the total foreign commerce of the countries south of the United States from Mexico to the Straits of Magellan was approximately 1880,000,000. In 1909 this commerce was more than $2,000,000,000. The increase has been a natural result of the railway construction which has helped to develop the resources of the different countries and thus to add to their commerce. Much of this railway construction has been either of trunk lines which form sections in the Pan American route or of lines which are branches of the general Pan American system and are feeders to it. The very great growth of trade in the last 20 years shows how traffic awaits railway facilities and how also it is created when they are provided. This increased commerce, which furnishes the basis for so much railway traffic, has not been limited to any section. All the Repub- lics which would be interconnected by the Pan American Railway system have shared in it. In keeping the public informed of the progress made after the Third Conference at Rio de Janeiro, the committee had the benefit of a subsequent report by one of its members, Mr. Charles M. Pepper. The results of his observations during a trip of a year's duration in South America were reported to the committee in May, 1908, This supplemented the report presented by Mr. Pepper as special commissioner in 1904, and showed what had been accomplished in the intervening period. It was trans- mitted by the committee to the Secretary of State and was given wide circulation. The committee undertakes to summarize the situation as it now exists and to indi- cate the prospects of future action in furtherance of the general plan. In obtaining information the committee has had the cooperation of the Department of State, of the International Bureau of American Republics, and of various diplomatic representa- tives of the different Republics represented in Washington. Through railway communication now exists from the cities of the United States to the southern border of Mexico. The enlightened and progressive policy of the Mexi- can Government has secured this result, which itself is an important means of provid- ing through railway lines from New York to the Panama Canal Zone. The distance from New York to the City of Mexico is 3,026 miles; thence to Gamboa on the Isthmus of Tehuantepec 559 miles, and thence to the Guatemalan border 284 miles, making a total distance of 3,869 miles from New York to the northern terminal of the Intercon- tinental or Pan American Railway. 254 niTPT""" TTurppp-M A TTAAT A T ■ Or\TiLEX:SJR:iSiyE.^aE-.SJ jfiT<'M T < ' A M KTATFS. 9,55 ■^. I JOURTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OP AMERICAN STATES. 255 CENTRAL AMERICA. \Mien there is direct railway communication from New York to the Panama Canal Zone the first great link of the Pan American Railway system will be completed. A review of the lines in operation and those under construction in the Republics of Cen- tral America shows that there is now lacking only a small section, less than 40 miles, in order to secure the through connection to the city of Guatemala. The building of this link has been undertaken by responsible capitalists who are interested in the existing railway systems of Central America. This section may be completed within a year. From Guatemala City to Zacapa a line is in operation and the group of capi- talists who control the other lines are now engaged in surveys for the extension from Zacapa to the border of Salvador, and from there on through to Honduras. In Guate- mala about 50 miles of this extension remain to be built, and in Salvador 285 miles. The section 49 miles long in Salvador from Santa Ana to the city of El Salvador is already built and will serve as a link in the main system. Construction has begun at La Union for the line to the city of Salvador. This work, it is expected, will be finished within 18 months. To cross Honduras a section of 72 miles will be necessary. This will naturally follow the completion of the line through Salvador. The railway under construction on the Atlantic coast of Honduras ultimately will be extended to the Pacific. In Nica- ragua a link of 38 miles will join the northern boundary with the existing line 105 miles long, which serves as a section on the Pan American route from Chinandega to Granada, and 68 miles must be constructed to reach the border of Costa Rica. Costa Rica has 182 miles of railway in operation, part of which, the line from Guapiles to Port Limon, may serve as an Atlantic coast section of the Pan American trunk when the gap is closed up to the eastern frontier of Nicaragua. From Port Limon to the Canal Zone is 226 miles. Of this a section 26 miles long is already in operation. This line follows the alternative route suggested by the engineer corps of the inter- continental survey in leaving the Pacific coast and crossing to the Atlantic slope. Adopting this plan, this distance from the southern border of Mexico to the Canal Zone is 1,183 miles, of which 675 miles remain to be built. The route is a zigzag one, but is in the natiure of practical railway construction which looks to traffic and does not undertake to adhere strictly to air-line surveys. Should the Pacific coast route be followed the distance to be covered would be somewhat longer. Most of the sections already constructed, with the exception of the line in Costa Rica, would serve for this route. This plan would also include the construction of the line from Panama to David along the Pacific slope, 274 miles in length, to which the Government of the Republic of Panama is committed. To sum up the railway situation in Central America without going into further details, 508 miles servingfor Pan American or intercontinental purposes are in opera- tion, 690 miles of feeders are already built, and 675 miles remain to be constructed in order to reach the Canal Zone by the shortest route, while 875 miles remain to be built by the longer route; that is to say, there are to-day in Central America 1,200 miles of railway of all kinds in operation and 675 yet to be built to join up and connect them with the trunk system reaching to Mexico and the United States. Note should be made in connection with railway construction in Central America of the completion of the interoceanic lines. The line across Guatemala from San Jose on the Pacific to Puerto Barrios was completed in 1908. The through railway across Costa Rica is another important transverse line. These interoceanic or cross lines are in the nature of branches of the main trunk. The interoceanic lines and the main trunk serve as feeders to one another. The total foreign commerce of Central America is now approximately 150,000,000 a year. Every mile of railway that is completed adds to this commerce and in opening up the resources of very rich regions insures a valuable traffic. In connection with the Central American section of the Pan American system attention is drawn to the action of the Central American Peace Conference held at Washington in the latter part of 1907. This conference, manifesting the desire of the Governments represented to contribute their respective shares toward the realization of the great work of the Pan American Railway committee, concluded a special con- vention. It was proposed that commissions be appointed which should report to the different Governments the most suitable measures for the construction of the respective sections, and that the effort should be made to secure the organization of one or more companies to construct the sections indicated; and, if that were impossible, to consoli- date and bring to an agreement the different companies holding contracts or conces- sions. It was also proposed that the contracting companies should come to an agree- ment with the Governments of the United States and of Mexico and of Panama concerning everything relating to the transit of merchandise and passengers from border to border. 256 FOURTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN STATES. SOUTH AMERICA. The South American continent presents a different situation from Mexico and Central America as to the construction of a through trunk line. The most difficult sections are those which are essential to the mineral development of the countries of the Andes. In Colombia, owing to various circumstances, not much progress has yet been made on the main trunk of the Pan American system, but some activity in reported in extending the line that now reaches from Buenaventura on the Pacific to Cali. The extension of this line north to Cartago and south to Popayan will form links in the Pan American system. The Colombian Government, however, has succeeded in supplementing its facilities of river navigation by railway connections. The line has been completed from the capital, Bogota to Girardot on the Magdalena River. Headway has been made with various sections paralleling the river and also with some of the extensions from the river ports to interior points. A valuable part of the vast natural resources of Colombia are tributary to the Pan American route and the opportunities for their exploitation should encourage the various projects for building sections of the line. Ecuador shows a marked advance in Pan American construction. The railway con- necting Quito, the capital, with Guayaquil, on the coast, furnishes 160 miles, the section between Quito and Alauai, of a direct link on the Pan American route. The Government has made arrangements which seem to assure at an early date the exten- sion from Alausi south to Cuenca and there is also the probability of construction north from Quito to Ibarra within three years as provisionally contracted for by the executive. This will be a 100-mile link. Contracts which have been made for sev- eral short coast lines will also add to the railway facilities of Ecuador. Work has begun on the railway from the Bay of Caraquez to Quito, which will be 182 miles in length and will serve as a feeder to the Pan American system. The plans of the Government for rail connection to the Amazon River region are also important. Peru, by adhering steadily to its policy of making the Pan American trunk the basis of its railway development, has obtained important results. On the direct Pan American route the line is in operation from the mining center of the Cerro de Pasco, south to Huancayo, a distance of 145 miles, and the first section of the further exten- sion toward Ayacucho is now under way. While there is an uncompleted section to Cuzco, comprising aboiit 500 miles, it is gratifying to report that the sections between Cuzco and Lake Titicaca have been completed, and there is now a through line from Cuzco to Puno on the shore of the lake, 237 miles in length. This is a direct link in the Pan American chain. In northern Peru provision has been made for extending the coast line from Chimbote to Recuay, a section of which will be an intercontinental link. Reference should also be made to the favorable situation of the Peruvian projects for joining the river systems tributary to the Amazon on the eastern slope of the Andes by railway lines. The construction of such lines is encouraged by the building of the main trunk which on its part will be served by them as feeders. Surveys which look to reaching Iquitos, on the Amazon, from Paita, on the Pacific, through the lowest depression in the Andes, are now being made and there is an encouraging prospect that they will result in the early building of this line. The surveys for the line from Cerro de Pasco to the River Ucayali have also been completed, and that project is con- sidered to be in a favorable position. Ferry transportation from Puno across Lake Titicaca, 102 miles, may be regarded as a water link in the Pan American system. This means of transportation is already in operation. The Bolivian section of the Pan American Railway may be said to begin at the port of Guaqui on the banks of Lake Titicaca. The Bolivian Government, by utilizing the financial resources at its command, has been able to forward its policy of railway construction very satisfactorily. The Pan American trunk line as a base from Lake Titicaca to the southern border has been the cardinal feature of this policy. In pursuance of it sections have been completed between Guaqui and Uyuni, a 'dis- tance of 363 miles. This is a direct link in the main intercontinental location. There remain to be constructed only 177 miles from Uyuni to the southern border, and the plans of the Bolivian Government which are now being carried out insure the comple- tion of this section at a reasonably early date. In the meantime other important rail- way building is going on in the way of branches, the most important of wliich is from the trunk to the Potosi mining region. This will secure a valuable traffic to the main system . Bolivia is further interested in the construction of a direct line from the Pacific port of Arica to La Paz, which will form a junction with the Pan American main line. This work has been undertaken by the Chilean Government under a treaty arrange- ment with Bolivia. The contracts were let in 1909 and the work of construction is now going on. FOURTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN STATES. 257 Chile's interest in the Pan American Railway, from its geographical location, is the connection with the main trunk system by extensions and branch lines. The Longitudinal Railway, to which the Government is committed as a national policy, may be considered as a branch or extension alono; the intercontinental location, since it will be joined with the Pan American trunk Tine by any one of several railways across the Andes. The surveys for the Longitudinal Line have been completed, contracts have been let for various sections, and the work of construction has been begun on these sections. The Longitudinal Railway in time undoubtedly will reach from the northern border of Chile to the far south. The opening of the Trans-Andine Railway tunnel to passenger and freight traffic is another result of Chile's railway policy. Since its completion the Chilean railways are joined with those of the Argentine Republic and are thus also connected with the southern part of the general Pan American system. The progress of the Argentine Republic in railway construction has been so rapid that the Government was able to announce to the world two years ago that its con- tribution to the Pan American Railway plan was finished, since its lines were com- pleted from Buenos Ayres to Quiaca on the southern border of Bolivia, a distance of 1,060 miles. The importance of the extension of the Argentine lines to future com- merce is unquestioned. "UTien the Bolivian links are completed it will mean a large increase of traffic in both directions. Since the Argentine lines were prolonged north to the frontier of Bolivia and since the Bolivian links were completed to Uyuni, there now remains only the gap between Cuzco in Peru and Buenos Ayres of 177 miles out of a total distance of 1,940 miles, allowing for the water transport across Lake Titicaca. If the railway is to built along the shores of the lake this would require only 100 additional miles. SUMMARY. The general situation of the main trunk system as it stands to-day may be summed up as follows: The total length of the Pan American location from the Panama Canal Zone to Buenos Ayres is 5,064 miles; rail and water line in operation, 2,067 miles; lines under construction or to be constructed, 2,997 miles. The total distance from New York to Buenos Aires, following the actual construc- tion in Mexico and adopting the alternative Pan American survey in Central America by the shorter Atlantic coast route, is 10,116 miles. Of this 6,444 miles are in operation and 3,672 miles are either under construction or yet to be constructed to fill in the sections that are lacking. Eliminating the water links, it may be said that 3,700 miles of railway are requisite. The present status of the Pan American project as indicated above is shown in tabu- lated form as follows: Mileage. To be built. New York to Mexico City Mexico City to northern border of Guatemala Northern border of Guatemala to Panama Canal Zone. Canal Zone to Puno on Lake Titicaca Pimo to Guaquil, Bolivia (water transport) Guaquil to Quiaca, Argentine Republic Quiaca to Buenos .\.ires 3,026 843 508 542 102 363 1,060 675 2,820 177 Total. 6,444 3,672 Total Pan American Une, New York to Buenos Aires '. 10, 116 The intercontinental survey made under the direction of the commission created by the First Pan American Conference has for many years been the basis of the Pan American Railway project. Its results were very beneficial and are still of much value. Some of the locations indicated have been followed in actual railway con- struction while other sections which were not surveyed have been built. In view of the utility of the survey as a pioneer investigation, and of the information it afforded, a review of the situation in 1910, based on that survey, by a competent engineer officer is valuable. This is afforded in the table prepared by Gen. George W. Davis, member of the committee, from the records of the intercontinental survey, showdng the dis- tances between the two capitals, Washington and Buenos Aires. It follows the Pan 74034— S. Doc. 744, 61-3 ^17 258 FOUETH INTEENATIONAL CONFEREES CE OF AMERICAN STATES. American location along the Pacific coast in Central Ameria, which, as has been explained, makes the total distance somewhat longer. The whole situation is ex- hibited in a bird's-eye view as follows: PAN AMERICAN RAILWAY — SITUATION, 1910. [Compiled by Gen. George W. Davis.] Subdivisions. Mileage. Now con- I To be con- structed, structed. Washington to Mexican frontier Mexican frontier to Tehuan tepee Tehuan tepee to Guatemalan frontier. Washington to Guatemalan frontier. Guatemalan frontier to Santa Maria. Santa Maria to Haehadura Haehadura to Acajutla Acajutla to San Salvador San Salvador to San Vicente San Vicente to San Miguel San Miguel to Guascorin Guascorin to Rio Negro Hio Negro to Chinandega Chlnandega to Granada Granada to Pena Blanca Pena Blanca to Liberia Liberia to Rio Savegre Rio Savegre to Golfito Goiato to David David to Panama Total, Central America Total, Washington to Panama. . Panama to Yavisa Yavisa to Rio Sucio Bio Sucio to Rio Caramata. . . Bio Caramata to Call Call to Carchi Carchi to Quito Quito to Alausi Alausl to Cuenca Cnenca to Canchis Canchis to Cerro del Pasco . . . Cerro del Pasco to Huancayo. Huancayo to Cuzco Total, Pan American survey. South America . Total, Washington to Cuzco Cuczo toPuflo Puflo to Desaguadero Desaguadero to Uyuni Uyuni to Quiaca Qudaca to Tucuman Tncuman to Buenos Aires. Other surveys, South America Total, Washington to Buenos Aires. 277.3 4,046.3 160 145 305 4, 351. 3 237 '363" 343.9 717.7 1, 661. 6 6, 012. 9 1, 099. 3 1, 099. 3 172.7 105 198.6 213.5 332 159 87 252 779 521 2,819.8 3, 919. 1 102.5 "m" 279.5 r£sum£ Washington to Buenos Aires: Miles. Constructed 6,012.9 To be constructed 4, 198. 6 Total 10,211.5 FOURTH INTERNATIONAL CONFKKRNCE OF AMERICAN STATES, 259 BRANCH AND OTHER SYSTEMS. lu connection with the Pan American Railway attention must also be given to collateral projects, some of which would serve as branch connections and some aa independent systems. The Republic of Uruguay has contracted for upward of 500 miles and has given important concessions, and steps have been taken to insure complete railway communication with the Brazilian lines. The construction of the Pan American Transcontinental, 376 miles, from the Brazilian border at San Luis to Colonia on the River Plate opposite Buenos Aires, is apparently certain. With the completion of the lines in southern Brazil, which is also assured, and the junction of the railways in northern Brazil there will be in existence a transcontinental railway which will afford through railway communication from Pernambuco, on the Atlantic, via Rio de Janeiro, to Valparaiso on the Pacific. Another through connection will be obtained by gaining the northern extension from Montevideo with the Brazilian lines at Rivera. The proposed international bridge across the Cuareim River will join the Uruguayan railways with the Brazilian lines at the northwest extremity. The steps toward the realization of these plans are another evidence of the activity of railway construction in South America, all of which are based on the certainty of traffic from the development of the resources of the regions which are to be given railway facilities. Mention has been made of the early completion of the sections in southern Brazil which will join the Brazilian railway systems with those of Uruguay. This, however, is only one of the many railway enterprises which are progressing in Brazil. Un- doubtedly the most important of these is the construction, under the dirfection of the Government, of the Madeira-Mamore line around the Falls of San Antonio. The value of this_ railway in opening up the commerce of a great section of the interior of South America, by means of the river Amazon and its tributaries, has been well understood, butto carry the project into effect has been extrert\.ely difficult. The actual construction now going on, however, makes it sure that the enterprise will be carried through, and the committee is informed that within two years it is hoped to have the entire line, 300 miles in length, completed. This will be of very great benefit to the commerce, not only of the region directly served, but of the whole world. The committee is informed that railway construction in Paraguay is also proceeding, so thatthat country will be given closer communication with the railway systems of Argentina and Uruguay. The extension of the existing line which runs from Asuncion to Pirapo, 153 miles to Encarnacion, on the river Parana, will close up an important section. The prolongation will be finished in two years. The building of a line to Posados is a further step in establishing railway intercommunication which is essential to the utilization of the resources of Paraguay. The contract authorized by the Argentine Government to extend existing lines so as to join Corrientes with Asun- cion and thus afford through communication between Buenos Aires and the capital of Paraguay insures an important link in intercontinentaL railway connection. The committee is informed that several important enterprises in Venezuela, which in the past have received favorable consideration, are now in a position to obtain the capital necessary to carry them out. The Orinoco River furnishes means of commu- nication in the southern part of the republic, but in the northern part railways are necessary in order to reach the ports of the coast. A large and profitable traffic awaits the construction of such railways. In order to show the relation of the Pan American project to the various countries that will be benefited by it, the committee has had a map prepared which is annexed to the report. This map shows the transportation routes by railway, river and ocean. It is designed to present the general Pan American Railway location in its geographical relation to the different republics and also to indicate the river navigation which is of great importance in the commerce of South America. Railway and river traffic on that continent act aa mutual feeders to each other. The map has been prepared from the latest available sources, but the indication of boundaries is only tentative and is not to be understood as more than a general line to designate the relative position of the different countries. CONCLUSION. In previous reports the committee has taken occasion to recall the declaration of distinguished statesmen of the United States favoring the Pan American project. Among those who so declared themselves were James G. Blaine, Presidents Harrison and Roosevelt and Secretary Root. It is gratifying to add to these expressions other 260 FOURTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN STATES. declarations. President Taft, in a letter to the chairman under date of January 13, 1910, wrote as follows: "I am very much in favor of the construction of the Pan American Railway, and hope for practical results from the conference soon to be held at Buenos Aires in regard to the matter." Secretary Knox also wrote the chairman: "I am in hearty sympathy with the Pan American project, and will be glad to give it such assistance as I can. Each step toward its realization will not only directly increase trade between adjacent American countries but will also increase mutusQ acquaintance and knowledge, and the interweaving of interests, which is the surest foundation of commercial development in each country and of good international understanding among them all." The chairman of your committee, since the First Pan American Conference in 1889, has been a member of the several committees on the Pan American Railway resulting therefrom and has followed closely the prospects of the project. In his advocacy of the subject he has discussed the matter many times with men of more or less financial ability and railroad experience. He is glad to say that there is a growing interest and somewhat positive disposition on the part of men of prominence in the business world to more seriously consider the enterprise, not only from the standpoint of a great public work, but from the belief that it presents an opportunity for a reasonably safe and profitable investment. The indications now are that the time is drawing near when men of large affairs, capable of financing such a project, will undertake the building to completion of the Pan American Railway. Within fom- years it is promised that the oceans will be joined at Panama. If the present favorable indications have not been misjudged, an all-rail route should join Panama with Mexico and Washington by 1915, and with Buenos Aires, Santiago, and Rio de Janeiro a few years later. Respectfully submitted . H. G. Davis, Chairvian Permanent Pan American Railway Committee. APPENDIX HH BEPORT OF THE SIXTH COMMITTEE, STEAMSHIP SERVICE. Committee No. 6 unanimously submits the following preamble and resolutions and recommends their adoption: "Whereas frequent, regular, and swift steamship service, under the flags of the American states, is required for the extension of trade, the convenience of commerce, and the maintenance of friendly intercourse. "But far more important is the power to regulate water-borne freight rates between the American republics. Without such power control through combines and con- ferences wholly outside the influence of such states might command both their trade and transportation. "Besolved (1) Direct commerce being subject to joint regulation by the states carry- ing on such trade should be established at the earliest opportunity. "(2) It is recommended that the states represented at this conference should con- clude conventions among themselves providing for direct and adequate steamship service; the vessels to be built of the highest speed and largest size consistent with, economical commercial service. " (3) It is recommended that in all cases where one or more of the states represented at this conference shall establish, through state initiative, a line or lines of steamers to one or more of the states; that such vessels shall enjoy all the privileges at ports of call that are accorded to vessels flying the flag or flags of such ports. " (4) That in future no rebating railway privileges shall be granted by any railways, whether private or government controlled, which shall not be granted to vessels enter- ing and clearing the ports of such states running in direct trade from other states repre- sented at this conference. "(5) To recommend to the states represented at this conference a study of thei conditions and means by which reciprocal liberty of commerce may be established in the coasting trade of the American republics and that the result of such study be laid before the next American conference. " (6) To recommend that states now having contracts in force providing for optional steamship commimication with ports of other countries of America demand obliga- tory and rapid service with such ports. "(7) To recommend the establishment of connecting lines between such ports as have no American steamship service in order that there may be a continuous, un- broken connection from north to south on both coasts. Pacific and Atlantic, including the Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea, and by governmental action induce all con- necting links to cooperate in such manner as to avoid loss of time and intermittent handling of freight, mail, and passengers. "(8) To recommend that in all cases in which vessels proceed in one direction only from the ports of one American state to another, that reciprocal measures shall be taken to provide return cargoes warranting return service. . "(9) In view of the immense importance to the development of steamship lines of factors contributing to facility and permanence of flourishing trade conditions, it is recommended that direct banking and cable service be established and that a common system of weights and measures be adopted." In taking this action the committee has gone counter to the stock-in-trade argu- ment that the people and the capital of the states of America are better employed in developing their own internal resources and that the commodities of trade should be carried by those already possessing and controlling the means of ocean commerce. While this argument passes current when not inquired into, it needs only a knowl- edge of the strategy of trade to show its sophistry. If we suffer our various products to be interchanged solely through the medium of transportation systems foreign to our control, such systems will be able, after por- tioning out our trade to their self-interest, to inflict inferior service at disadvantageous rates. The commerce now carried on between the nations of the American Hemisphere is increasing rapidly and with such increase there is forming an ever-strengthening control of its carriage by ships of another hemisphere. 261 262 FOUETH INTERNATIONAL CONFEEENCE OF AMERICAN STATES. With such increase unchecked there will in time be built up a system powerful enough to replace competition by dictation. With buying, selling, banking, insur- ance, and transportation developed to a degree that defies successful or possible exercise of such factors of commerce by ourselves, we shall be reduced to the parts of simple consumers and producers, giving of our labor and our resources to enrich alien peoples. In many cases the disposition and the price received by the pro- ducer are fixed by the carrier, so essentially necessary are trade connections and distributive agencies to the great maritime fleets of the present day, and such powers are of course used when possible to advance the material interests of their own coun- tries. While delay too long will be fatal and the oceans may be parceled out to spheres of influence, and delay results in niaking the effort to free ourselves from foreign tribute less and less likely of succescjiul accomplishment. As more and more is received from interchange with one another, the cost of transportation upon what is carried should decrease. So long, however, as the pools, conferences, and monop- olies of another hemisphere control inter-American trade they can keep up the trans- portation charges in our trade as well as theirs and continue to throttle the flow of trade to our disadvantage. And with the same menace of helpless dependence uncontrolled by even a potential power to compete on our part, even national policies may be subject to foreign dic- tation. We must not be considered as taking a position antagonistic to the countries of the ships of Europe, for we welcome fair competition and rely upon the enterprises and activity of our people for our share. We do desire, however, such means of regu- lating trade that it may not bear toll charges radically out of proportion to actual cost. It must not be assumed, however, that in saying this we admit that the present serv- ice is satisfactory or commensurate with trade requirements, for it is not. The American nations are meeting here to take measures looking to their common welfare and material prosperity. No matter with what hesitation or distrust policies yet unworked out may be viewed, the fact remains that in the long run what benefits one will benefit all. If great fleets can be built and grow constantly in size and profit earning on the trade which we furnish, no valid argument can be advanced to prove that we can not turn the vast sums now pouring into foreign coffers to the enrichment of our own peoples. It is possible for us, both severally and in cooperation, to insure our independence in all the essentials of national greatness, of which, under existing conditions of world development and cooperation, transportation on the oceans is the greatest. The need of vessels flying the flags of America in the commerce of this hemisphere is generally admitted, and much has been done already in this direction by various republics in the inauguration of mail and passenger lines. But vessels numerous enough to give even a weekly service of fast steamers to the ports of South America would not be sufficient to meet the cargo demand of the near future. Hence while we may feel assm-ed that individual national enterprise will establish the much-needed mail connections, our problem is to see whether there is any joint action possible that by developing a preference for vessels carrying the flags of the American states will create a demand for such vessels in our general interchange of commodities, for it is upon such a demand that we must rely for a healthy and flour- ishing growth. We need not point out the great advantage in national ownership of sea-going vessels in the encouragement and domestication of the mechanical arts, in supplying a nursery of naval strength, in safeguarding the balance of commerce, and in developing and extending the commerce' of the flag. So in om* first resolution we recommend the establishment of direct lines of ocean steamers, subject to regulation by interested states. That there may be such control and regulations as will encom-age reciprocal com- merce, it is recommended that states carrying on direct trade, conclude conventions to the end that such commerce may be assured of the sympathy and direct practical regulation of the Governments interested. The best work is done with the best of tools, and it is essential that if such tools of commerce as ships are to compete with the ships of others, they should be of the most up-to-date character and equipment. If nations are to establish lines of direct communication, it is essential that handi- caps of special privileges to existing lines should be removed or equalized. One of the most serious obstacles to the success of new steamship lines would be to find that vessels of a flag foreign to the nations exchanging commodities received special concessions from the railroads by which they could rebate on through ship- ments and so be in a position to drive trade away from the new lines and so render hopeless any regulation of commerce through fair competition. FOURTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN STATES. 263 As the trade relations between the American states become progressively more inti- mate, trammels upon trade will gradually disappear and there may come a time when the coasting trade of all America will be open to vessels of domestic build and owner- ship. The problems of reciprocal liberty of the coasting trade as affected by contraband goods and emigration at small ports, existing laws and regulations, the limitations due to treaties with other countries and concessions, are complicated and require much study for their solution, so it is recommended that this important question receive from the Governments of America the attention it requires. It is but natural that lines, unless compelled to do otherwise, should slight ports where trade languishes, in favor of ports where the opportunities for profit are for the moment greater. But when nations in furtherance of a policy of trade extension establish lines that are intended to furnish connections, they should insist that trade engagements should be carried out and ports that have a right to proper service should not be discriminated against. A recommendation to this effect is submitted. In contemplating the splendid conception of a Pan American Railroad, we must not lose sight of water communication. While great through lines of steamship com- munication are essential, we must bear in mind the fact that local traffic, too, is of supreme value and, in many cases, indispensable for feeding the larger ports. So with a view to securing an unbroken chain of steamship service north and south on both the east and west coasts, including the Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea, it is recom- mended that lines be established to supply the missing links, and further, that inter- mittent service may be avoided, it is suggested that all connecting links be required to cooperate in arriving and departing so as to avoid intermittent handling of freight, mail, and passengers. There are cases where vessels touch at American ports on northbound voyages, but go on to Europe and return to the South without calling on the return voyage. Careful study of reciprocal possibilities should be made in such cases and every effort exhausted to provide a return cargo, warranting a call on the way back. Since the committee's duty was to inquire into the means for securing lines of steam- ers, it is but natural that cognizance should be taken of such factors as -will secure that permanence in trade conditions that will warrant initial expenditure and insure their profitable employment. Demand for American bottoms to provide for progressive betterment must be based on stable business conditions. For this reason the com- mittee feels compelled to call attention to the need in this connection of direct bank- ing and cable service and a common system of weights and measures. Owing to the many different forms of encouragement used, your committee has not felt justified in recommending specific means for starting new mail lines. But a study of trade conditions holding in the various states has shown numerous wise and com- mendable instances of Government encouragement based upon that patriotic states- manship and foresight that strengthen for the state that great pillar of national great- ness and material prosperity — ocean transportation. Referring to my own country, what I have seen has convinced me that there should be in the maritime policy of the United States one paramount principle, namely: That the vessels running from the ports of the United States of America to the ports of other American states, should be at least equal in comfort and convenience to those from any port in Europe and of such speed that duration of voyages under analogous conditions shall be less from the ports of the United States than from the great com- mercial ports of Europe. And now before ending this analysis of committee suggestions, let me say a personal word. Meeting and knowing one another here has brought us close together — ^visit- ing and knowing one another's countries will bring our countries closer together. A visit to the United States would quickly demonstrate that many of the alleged obstacles to closer commercial relations are imaginary or subject to simple adjustment to accord with the business methods of the countries to the South. The steamship connections will soon be in existence. In the meantime and in preparation for more intimate relations, tell your people to come to our country where a sincere welcome awaits them, and we shall tell our people to go to yours. I have the honor, on behalf of my colleagues and myself, to submit the report of the sixth committee and recommend its adoption by the conference. APPENDIX II. REPORT OF THE SEVENTH COMMITTEE, CONSULAR DOCUMENTS. Mr. President: Your seventh committee which has had under consideration the eighth topic of the program of the conference, providing for the consideration of measures that will lead to uniformity among the American republics in consular docu- ments and the technical requirements of customs regulations, and also in census and commercial statistics, in the fulfillment of the duty imposed upon it, has the honor to submit the following report: I. CONSULAR DOCUMENTS. Previous international American conferences have been unanimous in considering that unification and simplification of consular documents and of customs administra- tion and commercial nomenclature of the countries of America would facilitate com- mercial operations among them and tend, for the same reason, to the development of their reciprocal commerce. This committee on considering the subject submitted to its investigation regrets that the resolution made by the international conference at Rio de Janeiro providing for the establishment in the Bureau of American Republics of a section of statistics, customs, and commerce to compile the customs laws of the republics of America, and to prepare a report on the matter intended to serve as a basis for investigations and tend to make more productive future deliberations on this subject has not been carried out. The committee has had at its disposal in the preparation of this work an interesting and well prepared report of the Argentine experts, Messrs. E. Weigel Munoz, and Liberio Ponce, concerning the means of giving uniformity to consular procedure in its relations to the documentation of shipments, a study presented by the delegate of Uruguay, Mr. Carlos M. de Pena, which contains very important observations on the subjects submitted to the examination of this committee, the various, extensive, and detailed memoranda concerning the same subject, presented by the delegate of the United States, Col. E. H. Crowder, and a report of the delegate of the United States of Brazil, Mr. Herculano de Freitas, concerning the issuance of various documents which should be presented to the consulate in conformity with the laws of Brazil, also an analysis made by counselor of the delegation of Chile, Mr. J. Phillipi, concerning com- mercial nomenclature as well as the suggestions contained in the report presented to the conference by the delegates of Venezuela, Messrs. Manuel Diaz Rodriguez and 0. Zumeta. The committee submits to the fourth conference a series of recommendations which it has succeeded in formulating after a careful study of the foregoing data and the min- utes of preceding conferences. In regard to those subjects upon which it has not been in a position to pass final judgment because of their technical nature and the lack of antecedents and previous studies, the committee has thought best to indicate in a detailed and concrete form the investigations which should be made before the next conference convenes. For this reason it has outlined for the guidance of the Bureau of the American republics which is charged with the duty of making such studies a precise and definite programme which it should follow in carrying on its work. The committee has thought best to begin its work with an examination of the docu- ments which must be presented in order that merchandise may be passed through the customhoiise. The contents, form, and draft of such documents differ in several coun- tries, and these differences cause serious hindrance to international commerce. In the judgment of the committee this branch of the subject was one that deserved its most careful consideration, besides offering the most promising field for reaching con- clusions which would tend to remove obstacles which now stand in the way of the free movement of commerce — obstacles which exist more by reason of administrative routine in many cases than on account of any real and existing necessity. The most important of such documents are manifests, bills of lading, invoices, and certificates of origin. 264 FOURTH INTERlSrATIOISrAL CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN STATES. 265 The First Pan American Conference defined a ship's manifest as ''A marine docu- ment universally required of vessels arriving from foreign ports, and serving to deter- mine the cargo they carry, and in time of war to furnish evidence that they do not carry contraband goods." There is some diversity to be found in the legislation of the American nations con- cerning the purpose and nature of a manifest. Some merely require a general entry manifest which must contain a declaration of the entire cargo of the vessel, and which is usually prepared before the arrival of the vessel at a port. In such cases the con- sular certification is generally dispensed with as not being essential for the proper car- rying out of the object of the manifest. This circumstance doubtless caused the First International American Conference not to insist upon the certification of the manifests, since it considered such a proceeding unnecessary. Other countries require consular manifests which, in such cases, together with the bills of lading, serve as a means of guaranteeing that the cargoes coming from abroad arrive in their entirety at the ports of destination. This manifest is viseed in the port of shipment by the consul of the country to which the consignment is destined, comparison having been previously made of the manifest with the bills of lading. The unloading is afterwards effected' in conformity with these documents, so that if any packages should be missing the proper fine can be imposed upon the captain of the vessel, and if there are a greater number of packages than the documents call for these packages are confiscated, and the same is true if packages are found which differ from the statements of the manifest. In this way fraudulent and contraband dis- embai-king of goods and transshipment of goods during the voyage of the vessel are prevented. The committee appends to this report a form of consular manifest, the adoption of which in all the countries in which it serves the purpose above indicated is recom- mended by the committee. Bills of lading are evidences of the contract for marine transportation and, conse- quently, are evidences of the rights and obligations arising from this contract. Efforts have been made in international maritime conferences to adopt a uniform bill of lading for all the nations, unfortunately without success, but this committee has refrained from submitting such a form of bill of lading, since it considers that the nature of the subject requires that it be dealt with by a maritime congress in which the European countries should also be represented, since to-day the maritime fleeta of such countries form an important means of transportation for the commerce of the American nations. The practice regarding consular certification of bills of lading is also greatly lacking in uniformity. In the three countries which do not require a consular invoice the bill of lading serves to a certain extent the purposes of the invoice, and the process is rendered complete by the certificate of origin which supplies the data relative to the place of origin of the merchandise. According to the report of the Argentine experts there are 18 American countries that require consular invoices to prove the accm-acy of customhouse declaration, especially as regards the value of the merchandise, and on the other hand, as pre- viously stated, there are similarly three countries that do not require a consular invoice but merely the manifest of the cargo supplemented by the bill of lading, both of which must be Adseed by the consul. At a later point in this report when considering the question of consular invoices, the committee proposes the adoption of a form of invoice submitted by the Argentine experts which if it should be accepted by all the countries of America would render unnecessary for the purposes of customs administration a consular vise of the bills of lading. Even in those countries in which consular manifests are employed as a means of safeguarding shipments, the vise of the bills of lading might be omitted, in A'iew of the fact that such manifests contain a statement of the bills of lading with which the consul can make comparison, certifying their accuracy and stating the number of the bills of lading to which the manifest refers. For this reason the vis6 serves no useful purpose because what is set forth in the bills of lading must appear in the manifest with which the bills of lading are again compared at the customhouse of the port of destination. The vis6 of bills of lading, in countries where invoices must also be viseed has certain disadvantages, especially in ports of great commercial activity. Such dis- advantages are best appreciated, says the report of the Argentine experts, when one considers the work of a consul and of the customs authorities when they are con- fronted with the revision of a ship's papers when the steamer is one of from five to six thousand tons bmden. In such cases a ship's captain might submit a thousand bills of lading and the shippers another thousand invoices, to say nothing of the mani- fests of from 50 to 60 sheets each. 266 FOUETH INTERKATIOXAL CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN STATES. The suppression of the consular vis4 of bills of lading, although opposed to the practice which some countries have followed for many years, would be, nevertheless, one of those distinct advances whose introduction would contribute in a very effica- cious manner toward facilitating the more rapid movement of international trade. Consular invoices are chiefly employed to meet the requirements of customhouse procedure and statistics. . Their relative importance depends upon the system by which in each country the value of the goods is fixed for the purposes of the payment of customs dues and for commercial statistics. In the United States of America the consular invoice is used as the means of determining the value of the goods, and on the amounts expressed therein, subject to revision in doubtful cases, the payment of the customs duties is based. In this system a declaration of the agent or shipper is required to the effect that the statement and prices are correct as stated in the invoice, this declaration being supported by another similar one of the consul representing the country to which the goods are consigned or shipped. Other republics of America, on the other hand, subject the goods, for the purpose of ascertaining their value as regards payment of customs dues, to a previous appraisement in accordance with a "schedule of values," which schedule fixes the price of each kind of merchandise in accordance with its class or quality. Such a system disregards the indication of values contained in the invoice, or only takes them into account in the case of goods not specified or appraised therein, that is to say, in those cases for which the "schedule of values'' has made no provision. The fundamental difference between the systems arises from the different degree of importance which in practice is attached to the declaration contained in the invoice with regard to the value and price of the goods. " To place reliance upon the original invoice that the shipper may submit," says the report that we have frequently cited, "is to give to the interested party the power to fix the amount of the duty, because of the well-known practice employed by export houses abroad of issuing a double set of invoices. It is to provide against this danger that certain countries have adopted the system of a "schedule of values." Nevertheless, no matter what system may be followed, this committee is of the opinion of the adoption in all the countries of America of a uniform model of invoice that may be employed in any port of the continent is entirely practicable and of real advantage to the commerce of this continent. The committee recommends the attached form prepared by the experts of the Argen- tine Republic, which includes all the necessary steps to be taken that such a document should contain. The committee does not suggest any definite form for setting forth the declaration of the seller, manufacturer, or agent, nor for that of the consular certificate, which should be stamped on the back of the invoice, because such declaration and certifica- tion should conform to the special legislation of each country. A blank space is there- fore left in the form recommended that may be filled in in accordance with the require- ments of said special legislation. The certificate of origin has for its object the fixing of the place of origin of the mer- chandise. As a rule it is only called for where the submission of the consular invoice is not required. In this latter case the submission of a document of this kind is super- fluous, which has caused the committee to recommend the suppression of the certificate of origin wherever the consular invoice, containing as it does all the data called for by the said certificate, is required. It would also be advantageous to secure a certain uniformity in the payment of the fees collected for consular certification of the documents above named. In. respect to the payment of such fees three systems are followed . There are some countries which demand a fixed charge for the certification of the invoice without regard to the value of the merchandise. There are others in which the fees are alwaj^s proportional to its value, whatever may be the amount thereof, and a third group which, starting with a fixed consular fee, adds thereto additional consular fees in proportion to the invoice value whenever this value exceeds a certain amount. The amount of the fees is bound to vary in accordance with the resources and the needs of each country; but it may well be said in behalf of those facilities which it is only proper to afford to commerce that consular fees should always be moderate and should be kept within reasonable limits. For this reason the committee has thought it advisable to prepare recommendations along the above-mentioned lines. Finally, there is a difficulty of which commerce frequently complains, the considera- tion of which should not be omitted in this report, and that is the difficulty arising as to the hoiu-s during which consulates remain open for the certification of documents. To cure this difficulty the committee recommends that each Government promulgate, or if already established make effective, regulations that fix such definite office hours for consuls as may facilitate to the best advantage of commerce the visaing of customs FOURTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN STATES. 267 documents. This committee believes that the most practical method would be to recommend that consulates be kept open for the purpose of certifying customs docu- ments during the same hours that the customs offices of the country are kept open. In accordance with what is set forth in the body of this report the committee pre- sents to the conference the following project of a resolution: "consular documents. "The Fourth International Conference of American States, held at Buenoa Aires, resolves : "I. That the countries that require a general entry manifest do not require any consular certification of such manifest. "II. That the countries which have adopted the consular manifest of shipment adopt the form of manifest herewith appended. "III. That those countries that adopt the form of consular invoice suggested by this committee do not require a consular certification of the bills of lading. "IV. That the countries represented in the present conference adopt the form of consular invoice herewith appended. This form would have on the back only the headings under which the seller or agent would make their declarations and those headings under which the consular certificate would be made. The forms of certificate or declaration would be filled in under these headings according to the legal require- ments of each country, "V. That the countries which adopt the form of invoice herewith submitted do not require the "certificate of origin," the contents of which are included in said form of invoice. "VI. That consular fees should be moderate and should not constitute an indirect method of increasing customs receipts. It is believed that it is for the best interests of the international commerce of this continent that these fees, no matter what method is employed for their collection, be limited as far as possible to amounts necessary to cover the cost of maintaining the consular service. "VII. That the respective Governments of the countries represented iii this confer- ence shall instruct their consuls to keep open their offices for the viseing of consular documents diiring the same hours the said consular offices may be established. It is also urged that the Governments see that their consuls comply with such instructions." CONSULAR MANIFEST. Manifest of the cargo of [kind, flag, and name of vessel] Capt. N. N. of [so many] tons burden and having a crew of [so 7nany] persons, including the captain who makes the voyage from to [port of destination], consigned to Marks. Numbers. Quantity. Cases or barrels. Indication of contents. Weight or volume (consignor). Consignee (indicate whether bill of lading is in order). Total number of packages to each con- signee. I, N. N., captain of the aforesaid vessel, declare that I have not taken on board in this port any cargo other than above mentioned, except provisions for the vessel, and that during the voyage I shall make in writing any other declaration that should be added to those given in this manifest should the actual amount be greater or less, for the purpose of delivering it along with said manifest and the corresponding bill of lading upon the first customs examination that may be made aboard the vessel under my command in the port of destination. The consul of [place and date] certifies that this manifest in accordance with [such] bill of lading and [so many] certificates of commission is drawn up with all the declarations required by the customs regulations of without change, erasure, or interlineation. By reason of which I sign the present and offer the consular seal. [Place and date.] [Seal.] [Signature of consul.] 268 FOURTH INTERNATIONAL. CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN STATES. CONSULAR INVOICE. Date , 19.. Invoice of consignment by of to of and whose transportation will be made by Packages. Descrip- tion of goods. Weigh ts.i Prices. Origin or place of origin of merchan- dise. Consular remarks. Marks. Num- bers. Quan- tity. Pack- ing. 1 Gross. 1 Net. By umts. Total. Signature (of the seller, manufacturer, or authorized agent). • This cloumn may be omitted by the countries that require this information in the consular manifest. II. CUSTOMS REGULATIONS. The First International Conference of American States, aided by information and data placed at its disposal by experts, subjected to a careful study the general sub- ject of the simplification and unification of the customs and consular administration of the different American Republics, in so far as this subject might facilitate mer- cantile operations among them and tend to develop their mutual commerce. It adopted a series of general recommendations to improve the customs system then in force. The Second International Conference of American States, which was held in the City of Mexico, provided that within a year from the closing of the sessions of the conference, a customs congress, which should be composed of one or more delegates appointed by each Government, should meet in the city of New York. The inherently technical character of customs investigation was doubtless the reason that induced the conference of Mexico to provide for the holding of a customs congress composed of persons specially prepared in that branch of work, such as administrators or chiefs of customhouses, consuls, presidents or members of boards of trade, important merchants, etc. The customs congress met in New York in 1903, 29 delegates, representing 13 American nations, participating therein, and continued the work of the first confer- ence, enlarging some of its recommendations and formulating others which signified new reforms. Some of the recommendations of the first conference and of the customs congress were in force in many of the American States, or were subsequently adopted, and form at the present time an integral part of its customs and consular administration. Others yet remain, still unadopted generally, which are of indisputable worth in facilitating commercial interchange among the nations of this continent and which could not be omitted from any plan of unification of the American customs and con- sular administration. With some modification they might be adopted by the fomTh conference for the purpose of being submitted to the republics represented therein for incorporation into the customs and consular administration of the same. This committee, therefore, proposes the following project of a resolution based on the recommendations of the First International Conference and of the customs con- gress of New York for adoption and confirmation by the fomTh conference: I. That when packages are unladen in a given port, which were destined for another, whether domestic or foreign, said packages may be reloaded without the imposition of any fine, provided that it shall be conclusively proved that their real destination was elsewhere . FOUETH INTERNATIONAL CONFEBENCE OF AMERICAN STATES. 269 II. In order to facilitate the prompt dispatch of vessels that instructions be issued to collectors of customs to authorize, on request of the interested parties, the prepara- tion of outward cargoes in advance of the arrival of the vessel, subject to necessary customs regulations. III. That regulations be issued by the several Governments to permit the loading and unloading of merchandise in the night, in such cases as conditions may allow and in the discretion of the proper authorities; the loading and unloading of vessel* on holidays and Sundays included, except national holidays, and the simultaneous loading and unloading of cargoes on and from the same vessel. IV. That facilities be given to international trathc of foreign merchandise through different countries, simplifying as much as possible the (customs) documentation that is necessary for such operation, taking at the same time all necessaiy precautions to prevent fraud. It is recommended that merchandise in transit over the ways of communication of any country shall not be subject to charge, only being obliged to pay for the services rendered by the adequate installations of the ports or of the roads traversed and of the service of supervision, and the same scale that merchandise pays for said services when intended for consumption in the country over whose territory the transit is made. It is understood that this exemption of charges is only proper in all such cases in which it may be compatible with the special circum- stances, the resom'ces, and the economic conditions of the country of transit. V. It is recommended to the customs administrations of the American countries to indicate, in case theii* advice is asked and a sample of any article of importation is sent, the classification which it should receive in the customs schedule or respective tariff of appraisement and the duties to which it is consequently subject. The customs congress was of the opinion that to go beyond the recommendations above indicated, it would be necessary to make certain preliminary studies which it intrusted to the Bureau of American Republics. The Third International Conference of American States likewise recognized the technical character of the work required to complete the unification and simplification of the customs and consular administration of the American countries. It stated its opinion that this work should preferably be intrusted to a single person and not to a committee whose responsibility would not be as direct, and it resolved to create in the Bureau of American Republics a section of commerce, customs, and statistics, in charge of a specialist, for the purpose of making a special study of the customs and consular laws and of the commercial statistics of the American republics, and sub- mitting to the governing board of the union of these republics in the shortest jjossible time (and in any case one year prior to the holding of the next international con- ference) a report which should contain the information necessary to obtain a definite decision as to the measures which might be adopted to bring to as final a conclusion as possible the work of simplifying the work of customs and consular admin stration of the countries of America. This resolution of the third conference has not been carried out. The necessity for its prompt execution is urgent, and this committee insists upon fulfilment of the reso- lution adopted at Rio de Janeiro of creating in the Bureau of American Republics a special section for customs, commercial, and statistical matters. This section shall, first of all, compile the laws and regulations concerning customs and consular procedure of the American countries and the provisions relative to the entry and dispatch of vessels. Such a work is not only indispensable in order to further studies concerning customs unification of these countries, but there should also be compiled, a commercial nomenclature bearing especially in mind the services that such a book would lend to commerce by furnishing the data that is needed on this class of subjects. The Bureau of American Republics has published an interesting compilation of all the constitutions of this hemisphere and of the laws on patents and trade-marks in force in America. Similarly to this work, the importance whereof it is needless to show, the Bureau of the American Republics could publish a well-arranged compilation of the laws, regulations, and other administrative provisions of each country of the American republics relative to its customs administration and consular documents. Such a compilation could serve the exporters of other countries as a source of information regarding the formalities that are required in declarations, invoices, manifests, policies, bills of lading, and other customs documents which they find necessary to use in their commercial relations. A practical means of accomplishing the above work would be to send an expert of recognized ability to visit the different republics to collect, in accordance with a well- considered program and systematic plan, the above-mentioned provisions of admin- istrative laws for the purpose of publishing in such form as would permit of easy con- sultation and comparison of the material collected. The variety of expression frequently used in international commerce of the nations of America to designate the same goods and the employment of different words in their 270 FOUETH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN STATES. customs tariffs and their schedules of values in the designation of identical articles, occasions to the commerce of oiu: countries difficulties and hinderances which the prior international conferences have desired to remove, recommending the adoption of a common nomenclature throughout the entire hemisphere, in accordance with which the import duties should be collected and the consular invoices, petitions of passage, and other customs documents made. The preparation of such a nomenclature, the employment of which should be pre- scribed for all the countries, with a view to rendering uniform their commercial language, offers in practice almost insurmountable difficulties, and has led this com- mittee to believe in the advantage of recommending in lieu thereof the preparation of a dictionary which should set out all the synonyms and different expressions used in this hemisphere to designate the same article. In order that this nomenclature may render even more important services, it ia recommended that there be noted after each the customs duties imposed thereon in the American countries and the classification corresponding to it in the schedule of values. Such a compilation would not only serve as a dictionary, but would, moreover, serve as a compendium of customs tariffs, which would enable importers and exporters, ■customs agents and employees, and in general all persons who in any manner take part in commerce, to obtain promptly and surely information concerning the customs duties imposed on any article in any country of the hemisphere. In order to carry out the suggestions above set forth the committee recommends the adoption of the following resolution : "section commerce, customs, and statistics. "The Fourth International Union of American Republics, held at Buenos Aires, resolves : " I . The governing board of the Pan American Union is urged to create the section of commerce, customs, and statistics recommended by the international conference of Rio de Janeiro. This section shall send an expert in customs matters to the differ- ent American countries for the purpose of compiling customs and consular laws, regulations, and practice, which compilation shall be published in such form as to facilitate a comparative study of such matters and serve as a work of reference for international commerce. "II. The governing board of the Pan American Union shall send to the nations represented in this conference, one year prior to the date of the meeting of the next conference, a report upon the following matters: "1. Charges to which navigation is subject in the ports of the American countries. "2. Documents which must accompany the petitions presented to the custom- house for the dispatch of merchandise; the form and requirements of these petitions and the practicability of adopting a form common to all. "3. A system of appraisement of merchandise for the payment of customs duties and the publication of the commercial statistics of America, together with the advan- tages and disadvantages of the different systems. "4. Organization of customs offices and procedure in customs administration. "5. Such other measures as might be proposed for the purpose of rendering uniform the customs and consular administration of the American republics. "III. The Pan American Union is urged to prepare a nomenclature of the different expressions and synonyms employed in the countries of America to designate the same articles and products with their English, Spanish, French, and Portuguese equivalents. In this compilation there should be set forth after each article in the form that the Pan American Union may deem most suitable the customs duties imposed thereon in the different republics of the hemisphere and the classification which it may have received in the schedule of values." In order to prepare this compilation, it is recommended that the Pan American committee in each republic should formulate and communicate to the Union of the American Republics the list of the articles, the designation whereof may have in the respective country a special signification or one not in general use in America, with their equivalents in Spanish, if there be such, including also these data appropriate to be furnished in each case. The section of customs, commerce, and statistics of the imion shall coordinate from these data the above-mentioned nomenclature. in. COMMERCIAL STATISTICS. For the purpose of statistics of foreign commerce, as an element indispensable for the drawing of conventions and agreements that contribute to the development of such commerce among the American countries, the interchange of their products, FOUETH INTEKNATIOISrAL CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN STATES. 271 and the cooperation of their capital and institutions of credit, it is of the greatest importance that the statistics in question be prepared in the most perfect and scien- tific manner possible, a certain degree of uniformity being assured among the different countries, so that the comparison of such statistics may be efficacious and exact. The memorandum presented by the delegation of Chile to the third international conference, and the treatise prepared by Prof. Jacobson and submitted to this commit- tee by Mr. Crowder, delegate of the United States, contain an interesting analysiis of the divergencies to be observed in the systems followed for the formation of com- mercial statistics and the difficulties arising out of this state of affairs. These works are confined to calling attention to the difficulties in question and supplying needful information to those intrusted with the task of studying the various commercial statistics of the continent. With the purpose of suggesting measures providing for the preparation of treatises that shall enable future conferences to arrive at some conclusion on the matter, this committee has thought proper to outline a plan of work for the Bureau of American Republics and, in pursuance of this object, has the honor of proposing to the confer- ence the following resolution : "commercial statistics. "The Fourth International Conference of American States, held at Buenos Aires, resolves : "That the section of commerce, customs, and statistics, directed or advised by per- sons of recognized skill in such matters, shall perform the following duties: • "(1) To compile and arrange all the data and antecedents needful for a precise knowledge and exact study of the processes observed in the American republics for the formation of their statistics of foreign commerce, both general and special; i. e., the classification, grouping, definition, and nomenclature used therein, the standard observed in determining the value of imports and exports, in fixing the country of origin of the commodities and the places from which they come, as well as in ascer- taining the destination of exports, and in determining monetary equivalents and other details that may conduce to the objects in question. "(2) To prepare, in view of the data and antecedents mentioned in the paragraph preceding, a comparative report on the statistics of the American republics, indicating the chief difficulties existing in the methods and processes employed therein. "(3) To draw up a program of bases which shall be submitted to the respective governments for their inspection and for the purpose of preparing such instructions as they may deem proper, which in due time may be given to their delegates to the Fifth Pan American Conference, or to a special congress assembled for that object if the conference were to be postponed, or if the governing board of the Pan American Union were to recommend the summoning of a special congress in view of the technical character of customs and statistical matters, whenever the investigations and reports intrusted to the section of commerce, customs, and statistics shall have been completed. "The program of bases to be prepared by the section of commerce, customs, and statistics shall deal with the following questions : (a) Uniform procedure in determin- ing values in international commerce, so as to enable statistics to be compared effectively and serve as a basis for the agreements or conventions relating to com- merce or navigation into which the said governments may enter; (6) identical or similar classification or grouping of commodities exported or imported, with the same object in view as that mentioned in the paragraph preceding; (c) adoption of the same standard for determining the places of origin of imports and destination of exports; (d) employment of the same commercial nomenclature, so far as the diversity in languages and products may permit; (e) the adoption of identical meanings for terms most commonly applied in commercial statistics; (/) the rigorous observance of the decimal metric system, so as to procure a possible uniformity in all that relates to weights and measures." IV. CENSUS. This committee on studying the portion of the eighth topic referring to the census and acknowledging the deficiency of data at the disposal of the committee relative to the periods of time, proceedings, and results of the census in the various coun- tries of America, as the honorable delegate of the United States also shows in the supplement to his memorandum, believes, nevertheless, that in a matter so essential for the appreciation of the material and moral development of peoples it is not difficult to reach a practical result. The committee believes that, in order to secure such result, the conference ought to recommend to the American governments that they establish the taking of a decennial census, employing the most efficacious means, according to the circum- rnces of each, to obtain a real appreciation of population. 272 FOURTH INTEENATIONAL CONFEEENCE OF AMERICAN STATES. This committee, in fine, understands that it should be proposed, as the North American memorandum proposes, to recommend to the governments of the American states that, following out these ideas, they should take a general American census in December, 1920, in order to obtain, at a given time, which would be historical on our continent, a real or approximate knowledge of its population. The utility of an industrial census is equally obvious. It is of interest to America to know, at least approximately, the economic development of each of the countries for an exact appreciation of its stage of advancement and in order to stimulate the prosperity of the commercial interchange among all. Only an industrial censiis would furnish indispensable data. The committee is not in possession of data upon which to base its realization. It appears, therefore, that the conference should recommend to the countries forming the Pan American Union at Washington that they proceed to take a general industrial census and such other censuses as science and general practice counsel. The committee therefore presents to the conference the following project of a resolution : "census. "The Fourth International Conference of American States held in Buenos Aires resolves to recommend to the governments of the several states: "1. The taking of a decennial census of their population, taking into account the advance of science and technical procedure. "2. That steps be taken to effect a population census in all the American states in the year 1920, and, if possible, in a month to be recommended beforehand by the International American Union at Washington. "3. It is also recommended to the countries of the International American Union that, on the date suggested, steps be taken to effect a general industrial census and euch other censuses as science and practice counsel. "Buenos Aires, August 13, 1910." APPENDIX JJ REPORT OF THE EIGHTH COMMITTEE, SANITARY POLICE. The President or the Fourth International American Conference: Your eighth committee, appointed to consider the ninth topic of the program — sanitary police — has the honor to sta,te its opinion in the following terms: A few months ago there met at San Jos^, Costa Rica, the Fourth International Sanitary Conference of the American Republics, instituted by the Second Pan American Conference of Mexico of 1902. In this conference of San Jose, Costa Rica, as in the previous ones of Mexico and Washington, the original convention, which is a true transcript of the convention of Paris, has been made more perfect. In these gatherings, composed of the best known specialists in the matter of hygiene, more specific measures have been advised in order to prevent the development of diseases and in order to promote the betterment of the sanitary conditions of cities. Among the recommendations of the sanitary conference of Costa Rica, the sixth appears regarding the interpretation of Article IX of the convention of Washington. The committee gave this question special and careful study, different opinions having been expressed within the committee itself concerning the meaning and scope of the article, and finally, upon the suggestion of the Argentine delegate, Senor Carlos Salas, it was agreed that it should be drawn in this form: "Art. IX. In order that a locality be considered free of contagion it will be neces- sary to furnish official proof satisfactory to both parties interested: "First. That there have been no deaths nor new cases of plague or cholera for five days after the isolation, death, or discharge of the last case of plague or cholera; in the case of yellow fever the period shall be 18 days, but each Government reserves the right to prolong this period against those countries where the measures for the isolation of cases, the destruction of mosquitoes, and the disinfection of foci are not observed. "Second. That all measures of disinfection have been applied, and that, in treating plague cases, there have been carried out all measures for the destruction of rats; and that in case of yellow fever the proper measures have been taken against mosquitoes." The committee is of opinion that it is desirable that the conclusions reached in the aforesaid conferences of experts should be reduced to conventions, and with this end in view the draft resolution submitted by the delegations of the United States and Cuba has been adhered to, adding the new draft of Article IX. There is annexed to this report the reservation which the delegate of Venezuela has believed proper to make with respect to the sixth recommendation of the sanitary conference of Costa Rica. The committee considering that — Whereas all the American republics have not adhered to the convention of Wash- ington; Whereas all the governments of the continent did not participate in the Third Sanitary Conference of Mexico and the fourth of Costa Rica; Whereas at these two conferences very useful recommendations were made regarding quarantine and prophylaxis and the improvement of hygienic conditions of the various ports; Whereas it is of the greatest importance to commerce and the welfare of all the republics that the convention of Washington and likewise the recommendations of the subsequent conferences be approved by all the nations; Whereas the interpretation given Article IX by the sanitary conference of Costa Rica has given rise to doubts as to its meaning and scope, the Fourth International American Conference proposes the following draft of resolution: (This resolution was passed without amendment. For text, see Appendix J.) The delegate from Venezuela, Senor Manuel Diaz Rodriguez, accepted the above- mentioned draft of the delegate of Argentina and insists upon the reservations made 74034— S. Doc. 744, 61-3 ^18 273 274 FOURTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN STATES. by him concerning the sixth recommendation of the conference of Costa Rica, which are the following: "1. The delegation of Venezuela believes that because the majority of American states were not represented at the international sanitary conference of Costa Rica, it lacked authority, and, inasmuch as it was made up of hygienic experts, it had no jurisdiction to modify the political scope of the convention of Washington. "2. That the so-called interpretation of Article IX proposed by said conference might serve as an easy means to a state not only to disturb the commerce of another state, but also to intervene in its internal affairs under the pretext of sanitation. "3. That said interpretation checks the tendency manifested in the international American conferences of Mexico and Rio de Janeiro and in the sanitary conventions concluded between advanced nations to establish a uniform sanitary police, since Eiu*opean countries would not sign an interpretation applicable only to uncivilized countries or those subject to a foreign sovereignty. "4. Venezuela considers that the so-called interpretation vitiates the treaty, and as she considers most advisable to reject it, she adheres to the text of the convention of Washington." APPENDIX KKl REPOKT OF THE NINTH COMMITTEE, PATENTS OF INVENTION DRAW- INGS, AND INDUSTRIAL MODELS. Mr. President: The ninth committee, charged with the study of topic X, "Patents and trade-marks, alter havmg examined the reports submitted by the delegation of the United States of America and of Cuba and heard the remarks made by the honor- able members of the same, has prepared the accompanying draft of convention for the protection ot patents of invention, drawings, and industrial models, which it submits to the honorable conference,- recommending its adoption. It has been thought expedient not to include in the attached draft trade-marks which will be the subject of another convention, bearing in mind the differences between patents of invention, drawings, and industrial models, as well as the objec- tions made by several signatory nations, and especially the United States of America against approving the convention of Rio de Janeiro. In so doing the committee also bore m namd the example of the international American conference held in Monte- video m August, 1888, in which patents of invention, trade-marks, and industrial and literary property, each subject deserving different treatment, were studied separately On wording this draft of convention, special care was taken that it should fulfill the object desu-ed, and not antagonize the participating nations to the extent of impeding or making more difficult its ratification, because in that manner the great benefits which all of us expect when it goes into force, would be impossible. To that end the domestic legislation of the signatory nations, without omitting for that reason general principles which at the same time that they cover and protect the rights of inventors facilitate lor the future a more uniform and universal legislation in this respect The greater the culture attained in the world, and the deep necessity felt in binding together more and more the commercial relations among the different countries has caused the governments, actuated by motives of mutual expediency and universal justice, to occupy themselves with the holding of these international congresses in which the nations represented therein, without taking into account their importance and power, but only the juristic equality of each one of them as an independent and sovereign state, discuss and agree upon principles which guarantee and protect the ettorts of human genius without distinction of races or nationalities * in^n® treaties of Paris of 1883, of Montevideo of 1888, the additional act of Brussels of 1900— modifying the treaty of Paris— and in the Pan American conferences of Washington, Mexico, and Rio de Janeiro, specific measures for the protection of patents ot invention were studied; and m the last two conferences conventions were approved that were not ratified by all the American states, for the reasons contained in the reports submitted . Bearing this m mind, there has not been included in the draft the provisions which gave rise to valid objections, adopting instead some of the provisions ot the treaty ot Pans and the additional act of Brussels, to which the greater part of the nations here represented have adhered. As a question of principles in matters of legislation, the observation of former con- ventions m none of their precepts are recommended. On the contrary said conven- tions are replaced by the present one, which will become the only source of law for the signatory countries, if, as is to be hoped, it is ratified by all, considering the spirit of conciliation and harmony which has prevailed in its preparation. It IS to be noted that Dr. E. S. Zeballos, delegate of the Argentine Republic on discussing m general terms whether American treaties were made or not, said : ' 'That he would have preferred a general oflace recommending that the American states adhere to the International Union of Berne for the protection of intellectual property in all its different aspects. Inasmuch as several American nations ab-eady form part of said union, and the juristic tendency of the world toward unification as tar as possible, is accentuated by the concurrence of the most powerful nations. 275 276 FOURTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN STATES. "The formation of different unions in the various continents might perhaps intro- duce difficulties among the independent states. The extraordinary commerce of all the countries of the New World with Eui'ope and the Orient presages the expediency of establishing universal definitions and the jui-istic effects on the subject. "Nevertheless, bearing in mind the interest shown by the delegations which com- pose the committee, in the sense of concluding inter-American conventions, the Argentine delegation will concur in this proposal, not overlooking the idea that pre- vails in adopting as bases the aforesaid conventions of Paris of 1883, of Berne of 1886, of Brussels of 1900, and others of the same union. In this manner we approach nearer the idea of universal unification of principles. On the other hand, the fact of having agreed to maintain in conflicting or unexpected cases the pro\dsions of the domestic laws also influenced in this deferential attitude the Argentine delegation." The other members of the committee manifested that they were agreeable to said views, inasmuch as they are not in conflict with the contents of this report. In fact, the ideal would be on this point as in many others that there should be only one legislation in all the civilized nations, but as it is not possible at the present time to go so far, because reality opposes it with the force of incontrovertible facts, it is well to state that the draft of the convention which is submitted to the conference tends to accentuate that desired unification without overlooking the domestic inter- ests of the American couii tries. (Signed by all the delegates of the committee.) (For the text of the draft of the convention, which was adopted without other than verbal changes, see Appendix J.) APPENDIX KK. REPORT OF THE NINTH COMMITTEE, PATENTS AND TRADE-MARKS Mr. President: The ninth committee, which had for its consideration the study of topic X, "Patents and trade-marks," has completed its work mth the attached draft of convention on trade-marks, which it submits to the conference, recommending ite adoption. On formulating it the committee has borne in mind the drafts submitted by the delegations of the United States of America and of Cuba and the remarks and amend- ments made by the delegates who compose the committee. It has also examined the convention of Paris of 1883, modified by the additional act of Brussels of 1900, the treaty of Montevideo of 1888, the arrangement of Madrid of 1891 on the international registration of trade-marks, and the agreements made in the Pan American conferences of Washington, Mexico, and Rio Janeiro, accepting so much as it has deemed proper and rejecting that which has given rise to conflict. It has especially endeavored that the accompanying draft should conform to the end sought, without disregard of the national interest of the American states or their domestic legislation, since it is too much to .expect their immediate unification, which must be the work of mutual agreement and of greater advancement in industrial legislation. This principle of justice and general expediency is maintained — that the registra- tion of a trade-mark in one of the signatory nations is equivalent to registration in each and every one of them, provided that the trade-mark does not conflict with domestic legislation or prejudice the rights of third persons. In this manner proper protection is given, without great expense or unjustifiable annoyances, to manufacturers and merchants acting in good faith or in consonance with national legislation and the rights of others who may desire to enforce them before courts of justice. All persons have been accorded the right to prosecute the falsification, imitation, or unauthorized use of a trade-mark registered in the country of his residence, this right being limited, in so far as concerns the false representation of the origin of a product, to the manufacturer or merchant of the locality or place falsely indicated, following in the principle established in the additional act of Brussels; and upon proof of any of the causes, which article 9 designates the right to petition the annulment of the registration of a trade-mark, before the competent judicial authorities of any of the States of the union is given. The two international bm-eaus of Havana and Rio de Janeii-o created by the third conference are preserved, without making necessary for their protection the deposit therein of the trade-marks registered in any of the signatory States; and their duties are enlarged in regard to other particulars, leaAdng to one side whatever should be the object of the internal rules, in order to make this convention, which will substitute those agreed upon in the former Pan American conferences clearer and more concise. The committee is confident that this convention will be ratified without delay by the Governments of the signatory nations when the harmony which has ruled during its drafting and the respect for domestic legislation which it inspii-es are considered, and therefore it has not believed it ad^^.sable to fix any term for its ratification which, moreover, would mean nothing unless the intention was to accept it as a common labor beneficial to all. 277 APPENDIX LL. REPORT OF THE TENTH COMMITTEE, LITERARY AND ARTISTIC PROPERTY, The undersigned tenth committee has carefully studied a draft of a convention on "Literary and artistic property" which might be accepted by all the countries of the continent. So as to attain the desired end, it has thought proper to take for the basis of the draft similarly signed conventions, especially in International Conferences, by the American States and by those of Europe, simplifying and changing the same as was deemed advisable or as circumstances required. At the Second International Conference of American States, there was signed on January 27, 1902, by all the countries of America in attendance, a treaty on the subject, conforming with the drafts presented by the delegations from Chile and Haiti. Both of these drafts were used in the preparation of the convention agreed to by the countries which took part in the South American Congress of Private International Law, held in Montevideo in 1899, and some of the provisions of the convention of Berne of 1886 creating the union for the protection of literary and artistic property were also adopted. The Third International Conference of American States, sitting in Rio de Janeiro, con- firmed by convention dated August 23, 1906, that of Mexico of 1902, but believed it advisable to join said treaty with that on patents of inventions, designs and industrial models, and trade-marks, so as to constitute for all these matters a "L^nion of American States." This union was to be made effective by means of two bureaus which, under the name of ' ' Bureaus of the international union for the protection of intellectual and industrial property," would be conducted in the city of Havana, and the other in that of Rio de Janeiro. Both bureaus would be in complete accord with each other and their purpose would be to centralize the registration of literary and artistic works, patents, trade-marks, etc., which might be registered in each of the signatory nations in accordance with the respective treaties and make their validity and recognition effective in all the other States. While this convention had a most praiseworthy purpose in view, nevertheless it was open to objection from a theoretic view and was difficult to carry out in practice. The present conference, in the appointment of separate committees for the study of literary and artistic property and that relating to industrial property, has thereby affirmed the wish that separate conventions on each one of these subjects be sub- scribed and that they be not treated together. In considering the first of these matters, the committee concluded that the estab- lishment of a union for the registration of copyrights would be complicated and with- out a useful purpose. It has been deemed more practicable, because of its being more logical and simple, to adopt the system stated in article 3 of the draft submitted by the delegation of Chile, according to which all citizens and aliens domiciled in any of the signatory countries, who obtains the recognition of his copyright in any of them, acquires, by this act alone, equal recognition in all the other countries; or, in other words, when a copyright has been obtained in one country the same becomes ipso jure effective in respect to the others, -without further proceedings. In this way the committee beheves that full protection is given to authors without interfering mth the other signatory countries. According to article 6, the extent and nature of the rights enjoyed bj- authors or their assigns are those which the laws of the respective countries declare, this enjoy- ment not to exceed the period granted in the country of origin. On this point, the draft reproduces the provision of article 5 of the convention of Mexico, which had been modified by article 7 of that of Rio de Janeiro, in a form which the committee has not considered it adequate for the purposes intended. 278 FOURTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN STATES. 279 The committee has considered it advisable also to insert in the draft some of the provisions contained in the treaty on literary and artistic property subscribed in Berlin on November 15, 1908. In these are included the measures necessary to fill the voids noted in the regu- lations now required on account of the development of the cinematographs and of other means of reproducing literary and artistic works. APPENDIX MM REPORT OF THE ELEVENTH COMMITTEE, PECUNIARY CLAIMS. The committee which was charged with the duty of considering the advisability of confirming the treaty adopted by the second conference at Mexico extended by the third conference at Rio de Janeiro, on the subject of pecuniary claims, has the honor to present its report, in which are set forth the principles that have affected the prepara- tion of the new convention which is to take the place of that adopted by the previous conferences. The committee has the pleasure to state that, if the order of the articles of that con- vention has been modified, yet, far from having undergone any change in its real spirit, it has been confirmed, as truly interpreted in the third conference at Rio de Janeiro. Regarding Article I of that convention, the report of the delegates of all the nations who sent representatives to that conference, contains the following: " If it be established that all claims for losses and damages, brought against a state by the citizens of another, must be submitted to arbitration when they can not be adjusted through diplomatic channels, it is reasonable to presume that there are cases in which diplomatic intervention is justified. "The internal sovereignty of a state, an essential condition of its existence as an inde- pendent international power, plainly consists in the right it always has of regulating by its laws and judging by its tribunals the juridical acts which are consummated in its territory, except in cases where, for special reasons, of which the law of nations takes account, the question is converted into one of an international character. " Confirming the principles announced in this interpretation, the delegate of Brazil, Mr. Gastao da Cunha, one of the signers of that report and of the present one, made the following exposition of doctrine on the subject matter of the treaty, the approval of which was advised: "The state can not impose its authority in favor of its citizens having a claim, unless there should exist a violation of the duties imposed by international law. Upon such violation, there accrues to it, in its defense, immediately and directly, a right of its own, although it likewise defends, mediately and secondarily, the private right of its citizen. "When the alien believes himself to be prejudiced in his rights, which should be clearly defined and guaranteed by the legislation of each state, he should invoke only the protection of the laws and authorities to which he has submitted himsel by his voluntary act . "If this were not so, it would follow that, in favor of the alien, the laws might be violated ; it would amount to creating for him a privileged situation, as compared with citizens, incompatible with the national sovereignty. The tribunal which is pro- vided for in the article under discussion does not suppress the territorial jurisdiction. It will have power to act only in the cases in which it is shown that there has been a violation of the rules of conduct imposed upon states, under the sanction of inter- national law, toward citizens of other nationalities. These cases are defined by the doctrine accepted by the international society of civilized peoples, and are all embraced in the general formula of denial of justice. "With this understanding of the purposes of the project, the expression 'denial of justice' sljould be given the most liberal construction, causing it to embrace all cases where a state fails to furnish the guarantees which it ought to assure to all indi- vidual rights. The failure of guarantees does not arise solely from the judicial acts of a state. It results also from the act or omission of other public authorities, legisla- tive and administrative. When a state legislates in disregard of rights, or when, although they are recognized in its legislation, the administrative or judicial authori- ties fail to make them effective, in either of these cases the international responsibility of the state arises. In all those cases, inasmuch as it is understood that the laws and 280 FOURTH INTERNATIONAL. CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN STATES. 281 the authorities do not assure to the fore^ner the necessary protection, there arises contempt for the human personality and disrespect for the sovereign personality of the other state, and, by consequence, a violation of duty of an international character, all of which constitutes for nations a denial of justice." Such are the principles, in the opinion of this committee, to which internatienal law subjects the conflict which may arise between the obligation by which the foreigner is bound to submit himself, like the citizen, to the jurisdiction of the state where he lives, and the obligation of protection with which all nations shield their citizens against every act oi arbitrary power or of force by which they may be oppressed in the same state. It is because the committee has believed that, in the principles of the law of nations, there is laid down with precision the solution of this class of conflicts, that it has sup- plemented Article I of the treaty of Mexico with the clause which obligates the tribunal to decide the questions submitted to it in accordance with the principles of inter- national law. Article I, thus supplemented, is made clearer and is precisely defined by Article II of the treaty hereby recommended, which provides that the high contracting parties agree to submit to the Permanent Court of Arbitration of The Hague, if they do not prefer to constitute a special jurisdiction, all controversies which form the subject matter of the treaty. If a controversy arises between the high contracting parties as to whether there has been produced one of the cases covered by international law which authorizes diplomatic action, that controversy will have to be submitted to the arbitral tribunal, and considering its nature this will be a previous question, the solu- tion of which shall or shall not empower the arbitral tribunal to take cognizance of the merits of the case. The committee considers it proper, in confirmation of the ideas expressed, to recall the discussion which took place in the Argentine congress when the general arbitration treaty between Italy and Argentina was being considered, regarding the inclusion in clause 2 of Article I of the provision that when the matter in controversy is one which, according to the law of the land, should be submitted to the judicial authority, the contracting parties reserve to themselves the right not to submit the dispute to arbitral judgment, before the national jurisdiction shall have passed upon the matter defini- tively. In the course of the debate the deputy. Dr. Carlos Saavedra Lamas, and the senator, Dr. Joaquin Z. Gonzalez, demonstrated how, from the international point of view, a decree given by a competent judge and which has the effect of res judicata within the country, may give rise to a claim on the part of the state to which the citizen, against whom the decree has been rendered, belongs, in the exceptional cases foreseen in the law of nations and which have been commented upon in the present report, said claim being the subject matter of arbitration from the point of \dew of diplomatic procedure as well as from that of the merits, if the first question of a preliminary character is decided in favor of the demanding state. In both reports, as the result of the opinions advanced in the debate, the interpre- tation was accepted which was set forth in an official note to the plenipotentiaries of Argentina, Drs. Saenz Pena, Drago, and Rodriguez Larreta, in which Dr. Guide Fusinata, delegate of the Italian Government, member of its Parliament, and signer of the Italian- Argentine treaty, declared as follows: "Paragraph 2 of Article I was added at the request of the Argentine delegation. The justice of the principle which it contains can not be doubted for a moment. ''i^Tien the laws of a country, in effect, confer upon the tribunals a competency to decide a definite question, a foreign state interested in the matter is not obliged to accept the decree of the said tribunals, if it believes that thej_ are not competent or that they have decided contrary to the principles of international law; but between civilized states, which have reciprocal confidence in their judicial organization, there should be admitted the presumption that the decisions of the tribunals conform to justice and that diplomatic action should not be initiated till the territorial judges have rendered their sentence. It is only when the decision of the court is contrary to international law that the diplomatic action should be resorted to, and in our case recourse to arbi- tration." At this point in the report, Mr. John Bassett Moore said: "That he refrains from entering into a discussion of the statements of general princi- ples embodied in the foregoing report, but deems it proper to observe that he does not consider it to be practicable to lay down in advance precise and unyielding formulas by which the question of a denial of justice may in every instance be determined. Still less does he believe it to be possible to treat this matter as a preliminary question which may be decided apart from the merits of the case, or to include in a general treaty of arbitration a clause to that effect. In the multitude of cases that have, 282 FOURTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN STATES. during the past hundred and twenty years, been disposed of by international arbitra- tion, the question of a denial of justice has arisen in many and in various forms that could not have been foreseen; nor can human intelligence forecast the forms in which it may arise hereafter. In the future, as in the past, this question will be disposed of by the amicable methods of diplomacy and arbitration, and in that spirit of mutual respect and conciliation which happily grows stronger among nations with the lapse of years." The other members of the committee declared that they accepted these declara- tions, since they considered that they were in no way inconsistent with what had been set forth in the report. The other provisions are of minor importance and hardly require any comment. The treaty sanctioned by the third conference at Rio de Janeiro foresaw the case where one or more of the contracting nations might not have adhered to the peace conference of The Hague, and did not permit their ratification of the convention on pecuniary claims till such adhesion should have been brought about. The govern- ments represented in this conference almost all have their delegates in the tribunal of the peace conference, and where they are not so represented they can at any moment be so, since they have, as it were, a vested right to such representation. The pro- vision mentioned is, therefore, not necessary in this convention, especially as, in default of submission to the tribunal of The Hague, the parties may constitute a special jiu-isdiction. The project of the treaty prepared by this committee also modifies that of Rio de Janeiro, inasmuch as no specific time is fixed for its duration. According to the new convention, its existence will be indefinite, with the qualifi- cation that, if any of the contracting States deems it to be convenient to release itself from the treaty, or to introduce modifications in it, it shall so advise the others, but shall not be released, except two years after the denunciation. The present project has also dealt with a difficulty which presented itself. The treaty of Mexico ends December 31, 1912. If before that date two or more nations should have ratified the treaty which this conference approves, they would for a time be subject to two conventions on pecuniary claims. The present project avoids this inconvenience by providing that, although it shall have been converted into an international law by two or more states before the expiration of the treaty of Mexico, it shall come into force only after that date. The convention of Mexico will, however, continue to govern disputes submitted to arbi- tration before its termination, even though the arbitral sentence be pronounced subsequently. APPENDIX NN REPORT OF THE TENTH COMMITTEE, INTERCHANGE OF UNIVERSITY PROFESSORS AND STUDENTS. Honorable Delegates: The undersigned tenth committee has given special consideration to topic XII of the program of the present conference which recom- mends the study of a plan for the interchange between the universities of the different countries of America of professors and students. By its very nature the subject is one of great importance not only from the scientific viewpoint but also because of its practical results. The political and civil institutions of the countries of this continent having been consolidated, it is proper for them now to develop, in conformity with then* kind and the national asphations, the resoiu'ces wherewith nature has so richly endowed them. In this work of progress there devolves upon the universities the noble task of assisting the action of the state, as also of forming and du-ecting public opinion, which exercises such a decisive influence over modern democracy. The interchange of professors and students in a manner that would give rise to b unity of views among them and strengthen the solidarity among all the countries of the continent would powerfully assist the mission of the universities of America to fulfill their mission. Moved by these ideas and intentions, and at the same time desirous of doing some- thing simple and practical, the committee has adopted, with some slight modifications, the project of interchange submitted to its consideration by the delegation of Chile, and that of scholai'ships submitted by the delegation of Costa Rica. In accordance with the attached draft resolution the interchange among universities should be so conducted that the professors should communicate their studies and investigations among themselves, principally those regarding problems of American interest, or those that relate to the conditions of one or more of the countries of America, especially to the one to which the professor may belong. The interchange of studies rests in its turn on the creation in each university of scholarships for students of other countries of the same continent with or without reciprocity. We are sure that this generous measure will luring beneficial results for university solidaritv . 283 APPENDIX 00. REPORT OF THE FOURTEENTH COMMITTEE, GENERAL WELFARE. Honorable Members of the Conference : Your committee on general welfare has examined with interest the project of resolution presented by the delegation of Paraguay for approval to the Fourth International American Conference. Said project has an object — the establishment in the form of a recommendation to the Governments of the countries the necessity (1) of a general treaty on the extradition of criminals, the exchange of documents, certificate of identification, and the estab- lishment of a police for international safety; (2) the organization of commercial rela- tions between the banks of the various American countries; and (3) the diffusion of knowledge in the schools, colleges, and universities of America concerning the benefits which internal and external peace and good understanding with other nations produce. The proposed resolution is accompanied by an explanation in which the delegation of Paraguay lays the foundation for the measures whose necessity it urges. This committee regrets not to be able to take into consideration the draft, because the subjects to which it refers are not contained in the program adopted for the conference of Buenos Aires. It does not rest with the committee on general welfare, on the other hand, to take cognizance of the matters proposed, because they are related with subjects submitted to the study of other committees of this honorable body and are therefore matters which fall within their jiu*isdiction. This is all we have the honor to state to this honorable body concerning the afore- said proposition. 284 APPENDIX PP. REPORT OF THE TWELFTH COMMITTEE, FUTURE CONFERENCES. Committee XII, accepting the idea advanced by his excellency the delegate from Chile in regard to the authorization of the governing board of the Union of American Republics to fix the date and place for the holding of the Fifth International Con- ference of American States, has the honor to submit the following resolution to the conference. (For text of resolution, which was adopted without change, see Appendix BB.) 285 APPENDIX QQ. REPORT OF THE SECOND COMMITTEE, THE MANNER OF TENDERING THE THANKS OF THE CONFERENCE TO MR. ANDREW CARNEGIE. The second committee, charged with studying the topic relating to the form in which the conference should pay a tribute of homage to Mr. Andrew Carnegie for his generous gift of a sum destined to the erection of the edifice of the Bureau of American Republics, has the honor to report as follows: "The name of Mr. Andrew Carnegie is known and admired by all who aspire to a rule of universal peace through arbitration. The amounts with which he contributed to the building of the Palace of Justice at The Hague, the raising at his expense of the edifice which sheltered the Central American Court of Justice in the city of Car- tage, the timeliness with which he gave orders to bear the expense of the reconstruc- tion of that edifice destroyed by earthquake, and his persevering, uniform, and humane work in all the peace societies of Europe and America renders him worthy of the gratitude and admiration of mankind. "That the liberality with which he responded to the invitation of the Hon. Elihu Root, then Secretary of State of the United States, when the latter requested his cooperation for the erection in Washington of a building appropriate and adequate for the Union of the American Republics, to the erection whereof all the states of this continent had already contributed proportionately to their quotas, places said states anew and in an extraordinary manner under obligation to such a distinguished bene- factor, and requires that a special resolution be adopted, because only the highest and noblest humanitarian motives actuate its author. "The committee submits the follo\ving to this conference. " (Note. — For the text of the resolution see Appendix S, Avhich was adopted without change by the conference except in one particular, namely, that on the reverse side of the medal the committee proposed the words "He served the cause of humanity," whereas in the resolution adopted these words were changed to "Benefactor of humanity.") 286 O II^DEX. A. Page. Alcorta, Jos6 Figueroa, tribute to 250 American International Scientific Congress at Buenos Aires, resolution concern- ing 236 Appendices, list of 29 Arbitration: Action on resolution concerning 99 Mexican action on resolution recommending 83 Argentine Republic: Delegation of '. 58 Pan American Railway in 257, 258 Third International Conference — Action on conventions of the 67 Action on resolutions of the 67 B. Berme;' onio, address of 48, 50 Trib u ..e to 250 Bolivia, Pan American Railway in 256, 257, 258 Brazil: Delegation of 58 Third International Conference — Action on conventions of the 68 Action on resolutions of the 68 bureau of American Republics: Action on resolution creating commercial section in the 99 Actiou on resolution for new building for the 99 Action on resolution for reorganization of the 99 C Jean recommendation concerning 72 C. Carnegie, Andrew: Resolution of recognition to 178 Tribute to, report of committee concerning 178, 286 Central America, Pan American Railway in 255, 258 Census, report of committee on 271, 272 Census-taking, resolution for uniformity in 218 Chile: Bureau of American Republics, recommendation concerning 72 Codification of international law — Proposed resolution concerning the 71 Report concerning 70 Commercial relations, report on 73 Customs regulations, report on 74 Delegation of 59 Pan American Railway in 257, 258 Report on 75 Pecuniary claims, report on 72 Resol ution ol' sympathy for 249 Third International Conference, action on conventions of the 70 Codification of international law: Action on convention concerning 98 Chilean resolution concerning 71 74034— S. Doc. 744, 61-3 19 287 288 INDEX. Coffee Congress: Page. Action on resolution concerning 100 Report of committee on 251 Resolution providing for a 152 Colombia: Delegation of 59 Pan American Railway in 256, 258 Recognition of the centennial of independence of 249 Third International Conference, action on conventions of the 76 Commerce, customs, and statistics section, report of committee on 270 Commercial relations: Action on resolution relative to 100 Chilean report on 73 Mexican action on resolution for developing 85 Commercial statistics: Resolution concerning the compilation of 212 Report of committee on 270, 271 Commission of jurists, resolution concerning a 98 Committees: Apportionment of 147 Personnel of 61 Committees on — . Consular, customs, census, and commercial regulations (7) 63 Copyrights (10) • 63 Future conferences (12) 64 General welfare (14) 64 Independence of American Republics, commemoration of (2) 61 Pan American Railway (5) , 62 Patents and trade-marks (9) 63 Pecuniary claims (11) 64 Publications (13) 64 Report of Director of Bureau of the American Republics (4) 62 Rules and credentials (1) 61 Sanitary police (8) 63 Steamship communication (6) 62 Third Conference, action on resolutions of the (3) 61 Committees : Reports of — Carnegie, Andrew, tribute to 286 Census. 271, 272 Coffee Congress 251 Commerce, customs and statistics section 270 Commercial statistics 270, 271 Consular documents 264 Customs regulations 268 Future conferences 285 General welfare 284 Interchange of university professors and students 283 Literary and artistic property 278 Pan American Railway 12, 253 Report of permanent committee on 254 Pan American Union. , 252 Patents and trade-marks 277 Patents, drawings, and industrial models 275, 277 Pecuniary claims 280 Sanitary police 273 Steamship service 261 Trade-marks 277 Conference reports, recommendations concerning the 100 Consular documents: Draft of resolution concerning 267 Report of committee on 264 Resolution concerning 192 Consular invoice : Draft form of 268 Suggested form of 194 Consular manifest, draft form of 267 Suggested form of 196 INDEX. 289 Conventions of Fourth International Conference: Page. Copyrights, protection of 128 Designs, protection of 102 Industrial models, protection of 102 Inventions, protection of 102 Patents, protection of 102 Pecuniary claims, arbitration of 138 Trade-marks, protection of 112 Conventions of Third International Conference, ratifications of the 101 CopjTrights: Action on convention concerning 98 Convention for the protection of 128 Report of committee on 278 Costa Tlica: Delegation of 59 Pan American Railway in 255, 258 Recommendations of sanitary conference in 273 Third International Conference, action on conventions of the 76 Vote of sympathv for 248 Cuba: Arbitration convention, instructions concerning 79 Coffee conference, interest in 80 Commercial relations, report on 79 Delegation of 59 Fourth Pan American Conference, representation in the 79 International Bureau of the American Republics, quota for 79 Liberal professions, action on resolution concerning 79 Monetary systems, preparation of report on 80 Naturalized citizens, status of 78 Pan American Committee, appointment of 80 Pan American Railway, report on 79 Public debts, instructions concerning collection of 79 Sanitary police, adherence to resolution concerning 79 Third International Conference, action on conventions of the 77 Customs regulations: Chilean report on 74 Report of committee on 268 Resolution concerning 200 D. Delegates, list of 58 Delegations: List of 58 Personnel of 58 Argentine Republic 58 Brazil 58 Chile 59 Colombia - 59 Costa Rica 59 Cuba 59 Dominican Republic 59 Ecuador 59 Guatemala 59 Haiti 59 Honduras 59 Mexico 59 Nicaragua 59 Panama 59 Paraguay 59 Peru 60 Sah^ador 60 United States 58 Uruguay 60 Venezuela 60 Reports of 65 Argentine Republic 67 Brazil 68 290 INDEX. Dele?;ations — Continued. Page. Reports of — Continued. Chile 69 Colombia 76 Costa Rica 76 Cuba 77 Dominican Republic 80 Ecuador 81 Guatemala 81 Honduras 82 Mexico 83 Nicaragua 85 Panama 87 Peru 89 Salvador 90 United States 65 Uruguay 91 Venezuela 94 Designs, convention for the protection of 102 Dominguez, Arturo L., tribute to 250 Dominican Republic: Delegation of 59 Third International Conference — Action on conventions of the 81 Action on resolutions of the 80 E. Ecuador: Commemoration of the independence of 249 Delegation of 59 Pan American Railway in 256, 258 Third International Conference, action on resolutions and conventions of the 81 Expedition of work, motion for 248 F. France, recognition of the independence anniversary of 248 Future conferences: ■ Action on resolution concerning 100 Report of committee on 244, 285 Resolution concerning 244 G General welfare, report of committee on 284 Guatemala: Coffee conference, desirability of a 82 Delegation of 59 Herrarte, Luis Toledo, address of 54 Pan American Railway in 255, 257, 258 Pan American Railway, work on the 82 Sanitary police, action on convention for 82 Third International Conference, action on resolutions and conventions of the 81 H. Haiti — Delegation of 59 Herrarte, Luis Toledo, address of 54 Honduras: Delegation of 59 Pan American Railway in 255, 258 Third International Conference, action on conventions and resolution of the 82 Honorary presidents, naming of 248 249 INDEX. 291 I. Page. Independence of American republic, resolution commemorating 148 Industrial models, convention for the protection of 102 Instructions to United States delegates 36 Interchange of university professors and students, report of committee on 283 Interchange of professors and students, resolution concerning 226 International Scientific Congress of Santiago, resolution concerning 232 Inventions, convention for the protection of 102 Invitation extended to distinguished visitors 249 K. Knox, Philander C: Message of recognition to 250 Named as honorary president 248 L. Larreta, Carlos Rodriguez: Address of 1 53 Named as honorary president 249 Tribute to 249 Liberal professions, action on resolution regarding the exercise of 99 Literary and artistic property, report of committee on 278 M. Map of Pan American Railway (facing) 254 Mexico: Arbitration, action on resolution recommending 83 Bureau of American Republics — Action on resolution reorganizing 84 Approval of commercial section in the 84 Quota for new building for 84 Codification of international law, action on the 83 Commercial relations, action on resolution for developing 85 Delegation of 59 Future conferences, action on resolution providing for 85 Industrial property, action on convention concerning 83 Liberal professions, action on resolution concerning 84 Monetary systems, action on resolution concerning 85 Naturalization, action on convention for 83 Patents, action on convention concerning 83 Pan American Committee, appointment of 84 Pan American Railway in 254, 258 Report on 85, 254 Pecuniary claims, action on convention concerning 83 Public debts, action on resolution for collection of 84 Sanitary police, action on resolution concerning 85 Third International Conference, action on conventions and resolutions of the 83 Trade-marks, action on convention concerning 83 Mitre, Emilio, tribute to 248 Monetary systems, action on resolution concerning 100 Montt, Pedro, tribute to the memory of 249 Moore, John Bassett, statement of, in report on pecuniary claims 281 Motions 248 N. Nabuco, Joaquim, tribute to memory of 248 Natiural resources, action on resolution concerning 100 Naturalized citizens: Action on convention fixing status of 97 Status of, in Cuba 78 Nicaragua: Delegation of 59 Pan American Railway in 255, 258 Third International Conference, action on conventions and resolutions of the 85 292 INDEX. O. Page. Officials, list of 58 P. Pan American Committee of Cuba 80 Pan American Committees: Action on resolution organizing 99 Appointment of 101 Recommendations concerning 100 Pan American Railway: Action on resolution concerning 100 Branch systems of 259 Central American extension of 255, 257, 258 Chilean report on 75 Commendation of the 260 Desirability of 260 Guatemalan report on the 82 Map of (facing) 254 Mexican extension of 254, 257, 258 Motion to expedite work on 250 Report of committee on 12, 253 Report of permanent committee on 254 Resolution concerning 182 South American extension of 256, 257, 258 United States extension of 257, 258 Pan American Union: Report of committee on 252 Resolution concerning the 168 Panama: Delegation of 59 Pan American Railway in. 255, 257, 258 Third International Conference, action on conventions and resolutions of the 87 Panama Canal, resolution concerning commemoration of the opening of the. . . . 240 Paraguay : Delegation of 59 Third International Conference, action on conventions and resolutions of the 88 Patents: Action on convention concerning 98 Convention for the protection of 102 Report of committee on 275, 277 Pecuniary claims: Action on convention concerning ■ 97 Arbitration of — Committee on 280 Statement of John Basse tt Moore, concerning 281 Brazilian interpretation of 280 Convention, Chilean report on 72 Convention for the arbitration of 138 Discussion of, by Argentine Congress 281 Recommendation of Salvador concerning 91 Report of committee on 280 Peru: Commemoration of the independence of 249 Delegation of 60 Pan American Railway in 256, 258 Third International Conference, action on conventions and resolutions of the ■ 89 Plaza, Dr. Victorino de la: Address of 47 Named as honorary president 248, 249 Portela, Epifanio: Address of 52 Tribute to 250 Program of Conference 31 Public debts, action on resolution relating to the collection of 99 Publications, recommendation concerning transmittal of 101 INDEX. 293 R. Page. Ratifications ol' conventions: Of Third International Conference 101 Recommendation for the facilitation of 101 Regulations for Conference 32 Reports of committees: Carnegie, Andrew, tribute to 286 Census 271, 272 Coffee Congress 251 Commerce, customs and statistics section 270 Commercial statistics 270, 271 Consular documents 264 Customs regulations 268 Future conferences 285 General welfare 284 Interchange of university professors and students 283 Literary and artistic property 278 Pan American Railway 12, 253 Report of permanent committee on 254 Pan American Union 252 Patents and trade-marks 277 Patents, drawings, and industrial models 275, 277 Pecuniary claims 280 Sanitary police 273 Steamship service 261 Trade-marks 277 Reports of delegations 65 Argentine Republic 67 Brazil 68 Chile 69 Colombia 76 Costa Rica 76 Cuba 77 Dominican Republic 80 Ecuador 81 Guatemala 81 Honduras 82 Mexico 83 Nicaragua 85 Panama 87 Peru 89 Salvador 90 United States 65 Uruguay 91 Venezuela 94 Resolutions of Fourth International Conference: Amendment to rules and regulations 147 American International Scientific Congress of Buenos Aires .- 236 Carnegie, Andrew, tribute to 178 Census taking 218 Coffee Congress 152 Commerce, customs and statistics, creation of section of 206 Commercial statistics, compilation of 212 Consular documents 192 Customs regulations 200 Future conferences 244 Independence of American Republics, commemoration of 148 International Scientific Congress of Santiago de Chile 232 Pan American Railroad 182 Pan American Union 168 Creation of section of commerce, customs, and statistics in the 206 Panama Canal, commemoration of the opening of the 240 Professors and students, interchange of 226 Sanitary police 222 Steamship service 186 Union of American Republics, reorganization of the 156 Root, Elihu, vote of appreciation of 250 294 INDEX. s. Salvador : Page. Delegation of 60 Pan American Railway in 255, 258 Pecuniary claims, recommendation concerning 91 Third International Conference, action on conventions and resolutions of the 90 Sdnchez Sorondo, Matias G., tribute to 250 Sanitary Conference in Costa Rica, recommendations of 273 Sanitary police: Action on resolution concerning 100 Guatemalan report on 82 Report of committee on 273 Resolution concerning 222 Venezuelan reservation regarding 274 Section of commerce, customs, and statistics in Pan American Union, resolution creating a. 206 South America, Pan American Railway in 256, 257, 258 Steamship service, report of committee on 261 Resolution concerning 186 T. Third Intermtional Conference: Action. on conventions and resolutions of the. 65 Ratifications of conventions of the 101 Report of — Argentine delegation 67 • Brazilian delegation 68 Chilean delegation 69 Colombian delegation 76 Costa Rican delegation 76 Cuban delegation 77 Dominican delegation 80 Ecuadoran delegation 81 Guatemalan delegation 81 Honduran delegation 82 Mexican delegation 83 Nicaraguan delegation 85 Panaman delegation 87 Paraguayan delegation 88 Peruvian delegation 89 Salvadoran delegation 90 United States delegation 65 Uruguayan delegation 91 Venezuelan delegation 94 Committee on examination of memorials concerning 97 Trade-marks: Action on convention concerning 98 Convention for the protection of 112 Report of committee on 277 Tribute to memory of delegates of former conferences 248 U. Union of American Republics, resolution for the reorganization of the 156 United States: Delegation of 58 Instructions to delegates 36 Bureau of American Republics, report of Director of 38 Argentine centenary 37 Carnegie, Andrew, gift of 38 Census taking 39 Commercial statistics 39 Consular documents 39 Copyrights 40 Customs regulations 39 Future confeiences 41 INDEX. 295 United States — Continued. Instructions to delegates — Continued. ^age. Inter national relations 42 Organization of conference 37 Pan Ameiican Railway 38 Panama Canal, opening of the 41 Passenger and mail serATce 39 Patents 40 Pecuniary claims, treaties on 41 Report of results of third conference 38 Sanitation measures 40 Scientific Congress in Chile 41 Steamship service 39 Trade-marks 40 University professors and students, interchange of 41 Report of Delegation on Fourth International Conference 5 Argentine centenary, commemoration of 7, 148 Bermeio, Dr. Antonio, elected permanent president 5 Speech of 5,48 Bureau of American Republics, the reorganization of 9, 156, 169 Carnegie, Andrew, tribute to 11, 178 Census, periodical taking of 16, 218, 271 Closing speeches 27, 50, 53 Commercial statistics, compilation of 13, 206, 212, 271 Committees, membership of 6, 61 Resolution amending organization of 6 147 Consular regulations, uniformity in 13, 1 92, 264 Copyrights 20, 128, 278 Conventions adopted 7 Customs regulations, uniformity in 13, 200, 268 Delegates, list of 6, 58 • Fourth Scientific Congress at Buenos Aires 25, 236 Future conferences 26, 244 General welfare 26 Honorary presidents, election of 5 Knox, P. C., elected honorary president 5 Motion of thanks to Secretary of State 27, 250 Opening of conference 5 Pan American Railway, the 11, 254 Pan ximerican Scientific Congress 25, 232 Pan American Union, the 9, 156, 169 Panama Canal' opening of the 26, 240 Participation in conference 5 Patents 17, 19, 102, 277 Pecuniary claims, arbitration of 21, 138, 280 Permanent president, election of 5 Plaza, de la, Victorino, speech of 5, 44 Plaza, de la, Victorino, elected honorary president 5 Program 6, 31 Quarantine 17, 222, 273 Resolutions adopted 7 Root, Elihu, appreciation of 27, 250 Sanitary police 17, 222, 273 Sessions, number of 7 Steamship, mail and passenger service 13, 186, 261 Third conference, action on resolutions and conventions of 7, 65, 97 Trade-marks 19, 112, 277 University professors, interchange of 25, 226 White, Henry, speech of 5, 47 Third International Conference, action on conventions of the 65 Third International Conference, action on resolutions of the 65 White, Henry, address of 47 Uruguay; Delegation of 60 Third International Conference, action on conventions and resolutions of the 91 74034— S. Doc. 744, 61-3 20 296 INDEX, 4W V. Venezuela: I'age. Del'^gation of 60 Reservation of, regarding sanitary police , 274 Third International Conference, report of delegation on conventions and resolutions of the 94 W. White, Henry, address of 47 c I ^' / o^ %^^ n^ s ■> " ' o '^. o^ '"•C.' \^- A^^ ""c^. V * - N ^^i^ > r > 'a , <^ \,^ ' , V * ^C- % 4 '^ °/- * ^ ' ^^ -f; .0' ^ V .V .<-'■'■ .0'^ ,0-' ^^' '^z^. ^^ .C^^ O, /„ ""^^ ■ S^ .xV ^^ ■x^ ."v- ,-0' ■"oo^ \^ ,\^^ ■'^-t,