LD 131 .0847 1921a Copy 1 Glass Book ^a-lCL^ THE THREE NATIONS AT THE AMERICAN UNIVERSITY THE THREE NATIONS AT THE AMERICAN UNIVERSITY ADDRESSES AT THE ANNUAL CONVOCATION NEWTON W. ROWBLL King's Counsel, Toronto, Canada WARREN G. HARDING President of the United States JEAN J. JUSSERAND Ambassador from France Published by the University Washington District of Columbia v."^ \"- ^,c^»-l By Transfer AUG 14 1922 Printed in Washington by the University Printer TO THE TRUSTEES OF THE AMERICAN UNIVERSITY The 7viscst truly is in tkese times the greatest. — Carlyle. IN THE BEGINNING The welfare of Nations depends at once on the liappiness ivJiicli they enjoy at home and the respect ivhich they command abroad. — Hklvetius. CONTENTS. page: In the Beginning ^^ Historical Sketch ^^ Board of Award ^^ The Three Nations at the American University. . 33 Yesterday and Today— Yesterday 26 Board of Trustees • ^^ Officers of Administration and Instruction 30 Present Officers and Trustees 32 Woman's Guild ; • ^^ Faculty of the School of Diplomacy and Juris- prudence "^ Yesterday and Today— Today 41 Tables of the Student Body 42 Flag Raising Exercises 49 Exercises in the Grove 55 Introductory Address by the Chancellor 58 Address of Doctor Rowell 61 Address of President Harding 70 Address of Ambassador Jusserand 80 The University Graduates 87 Announcement of Fellowships 91 Benediction ^^ ILLUSTRATIONS. Chancellor John W. Hamilton Frontispiece American University Seal. College of History. McKinley Memorial Building and Temporary Struc- tures for War Purposes, Dr. Newton W. Rowell. President Warren G. Harding. Dr. Jean J. Jusserand. IN THE BEGINNING In the beginning was the Right Reverend John Fletcher Hurst, Bishop of the Methodist Episcopal Church, resident in Washington — a man never at ease, who never had an idle day. There was one idea in his head that was his master. He had become addicted to it. It was his meat day and night. Whenever he would meet a friend he would take him aside and treat him to it until he too had the habit. He was never censured for his pursuits, so long as the idea was with- out form and void, but when he had so assiduously prosecuted them that the idea began to buy land and build, then the carping critics began their tormenting cant of cynicism, but all in vain, for the Bishop had founded the American University. The idea may not have originated with him. It was in the air and fluid, but, like Franklin, the scholarly prelate adjusted the arrester by which he deflected the golden lightning to the hill that towers over all the others in the city. And the College of History will long retain the agreeable fragrance of his name with which when new it was once saturated. The following historical sketch appeared in the University Courier before the late brilliant young Chancellor had been elected Bishop : IS HISTORICAL SKETCH Not long before the civil war, in writing for the Harpers, William Arthur, author of The Tongue of Fire, advocated the establishment of an institution of the higher learning at Washington by American Meth- odists. Matthew Simpson, during his early residence as bishop in Philadelphia, voiced his conviction of the same duty. Alfred Wheeler, from his editorial chair of the Pittsburgh Christian Advocate, ably seconded the proposition. Edward R. Ames, while bishop in Balti- more, and John P. Newman, during his pastorates of Metropolitan Church in Washington, uttered strong words to the same effect. John Fletcher Hurst, soon after removing his epis- copal residence from Buffalo to Washington, was ap- pealed to by several leading educators in behalf of such an institution, and on Christmas Day, 1889, began a search for a site. This search continued for three weeks, and was rewarded by the discovery of a location suited to a university and in the market for sale. It was a beautiful and diversified piece of ground, ninety- two acres in extent, located on Loughboro Road, in the Northwest Heights of Washington, and commanded a panoramic view over the District, the Manassas Plains, and the Blue Ridge Mountains of Virginia, the Harper's Ferry Notch, and Sugar Loaf Mountain of Western Maryland. The price was $100,000. An option of $1,000 was paid on January 25, 1890, and $19,000 was 16 THE THREE NATIONS 17 paid on March 1, completing the first of five equal installments. These subsequent installments were paid at various dates, and the final payment was made in March, 1895, when Bishop Hurst, who had assumed the financial burden, transferred the title to the trustees. Historic interest attaches to the site from two sources: The property was once owned by Thomas Addison, a cousin of Joseph Addison, of Spectator fame, and on its northern border stands a conspicuous portion of Fort Gaines, thrown up by the Pennsylvania Reserves during the early sixties. The organization of the corporation under a charter from the District of Columbia took place on May 28, 1891, in the southeast wing or annex of the Arlington Hotel (now torn down), the part once occupied by Charles Sumner as his residence. Thirty-six trustees were elected. Bishop Hurst was elected chancellor, Charles W. Baldwin secretary, and Albert Osborn reg- istrar. William W. Smith was elected vice-chancellor on March 31, 1893, and George W. Gray general sec- retary on July 7, 1893, and each served one year. Samuel L. Beiler was elected vice-chancellor May 34, 1893, and served for five years. William W. Martin was elected secretary on May 35, 1898, and served for a little more than a year. Wilbur L. Davidson, who had been field secretary for a year, was elected secretary in 1899, and served until 1908. A new and enlarged charter was obtained from the Congress and approved by President Harrison, Feb- 18 THE THREE NATIONS ruary 24, 1893, and under this charter the Board of Trustees wp.s reorganized on December 13, 1893. The General Conference of the Methodist Episcopal Church in 1892, and that of the Methodist Episcopal Church, South, in 1894, gave endorsement to the en- terprise. The first building, the College of History, for which subscriptions were started in January, 1895, and in- creased to $150,000 by May in the same year, was begun in June, 1896, and completed in January, 1898. It is 176 feet long, the central portion 90 feet broad, and the two ends 70 feet. It is of tool-dressed marble. Its cost was $186,000. It contains forty-two rooms. The foundation of the second building, the College of Government, was begun in 1901 ; the corner-stone was laid on May 14, 1902, and the superstructure, which is of Vermont marble, was completed to the roof in 1907, at a total cost of $155,000. The interior work, not yet done, will require about $150,000. Two more buildings are in near prospect. On the failure of his strength in 1902, Bishop Hurst was made chancellor emeritus, and Bishop Charles C. McCabe, who had been vice-chancellor since 1899, was elected chancellor, and held the ofifice until his death in 1906. Bishop Alphaeus W. Wilson was elected vice- chancellor in 1903. Franklin Hamilton was elected chancellor in May, 1907. A working plan for the beginning of the aca- demic functions of the university was presented by COLI.EGE OF History THE THREF, NATIONS 19 Chancellor Hamilton and adopted in substance by the trustees on December 11, 1912, and in revised form on May 14, 1913. Approval of this working plan has been given by the Board of Education, the Educational Association, and the University Senate of the Meth- odist Episcopal Church, and a joint committee of con- ference and co-operation has been appointed by these three educational bodies. The election of a Board of Award and of a director of research took place March 25, 1914. On May 27, 1914, the university was opened offi- cially by the President of the United States, and a pro- gram of addresses by President Woodrow Wilson, by Secretaries Bryan and Daniels, and by Bishops Cran- ston, McDowell, and Hamilton, of prayer by Bishop Harding, and music led by United States Marine Band, was carried through on the campus in the presence of a large assembly. The first classes for work met in the College of His- tory on October 6, 1914, under the conduct of Doctor Frank W. Collier, director of research. Board of Award The Board of Award consists of ten members. This board has authority to employ the temporary services of approved scholars and advisers in order the better to fulfill the appointed functions of the board. The board orders its own procedure and meetings. The Board of Award, on nomination by some scien- tific school, college or university, concurred in by the 20 THE THREE NATIONS officers of the American University, will select the fellows of the university. In fulfilling this duty the board will take into account the general qualifications of each candidate, his preparation and health, his pow- ers of leadership and promise of highest service, as well as his scholastic standing. The board has author- ity to order such special examinations of candidates for selection to fellowships as it may prescribe. It also will have oversight of the courses of study to be pursued by candidates for degrees or by other students who may engage in a special research. The board will pass upon the qualifications of any student who is a candidate for a degree from the uni- versity. The board will pass also upon any other pro- posed academic distinction that is to be granted. THE ANNOUNCEMENT ENGLAND FRANCE AMERICA THE THREE NATIONS AT THE AMERICAN UNIVERSITY No more notable Convocation has been held in Washington than that of the American University on June 8, 1921. The time, the place, the circumstance, gave opportunity to the program. The sun shared its radiance with the clouds and the people, the air was balmy and salubrious, the foliage was dense and luxu- rious, the bloom of the trees shed its fragrance every- where, the stately tulips overshadowing the natural amphitheater, like the groves of the Academy at Athens, made of the landscape a fit temple for the schoolmen. The occasion had brought together the representa- tives of the three kindred nations to espouse a com- mon cause. England and her colonies, the moral and financial symbol and support as well as safeguard of Europe, Avas represented by the honored and distin- guished statesman from Canada. France, come out of the greatest of tragedies, literal vivisection, but with unconquerable will and genuine esteem and love for America, could have sent no more welcome guest or interpreter of the first principles of friendship than the affable, scholarly and eloquent ambassador. The United States, the basic resource of relief and liberty of other peoples, was given the representation by the President that was heard in all lands and must have 23 24 THE THREE NATIONS convinced the nations that "America was the half- brother of the world." The theme and tone of the addresses were of such dignity and earnestness as to give encouragement to the distressed and disheartened in every country. The speakers had come not so much to "lash the vices of a guilty age" as to lend a helping hand to those who had suffered most from its ruthless and desolating scourge. We print, with grateful acknowledgment to the authors, the addresses with all other proceedings of the Convocation. Strive after unity, but seek it not in uniformity. — SCHILIvER. YESTERDAY AND TODAY Yesterday It was a short yesterday the American University enjoyed before the World War. It was May 37, 1914, the University was officially opened ; it was August 4, 1914, war was declared. The classes for instruction were formed October 6, 1914, when the University actually began its work with Doctor Frank W. Collier as Director of Research, with a corps of instructors as they were needed. But the preparations of war were under way. The Trustees of the University had ten- dered the use of its property for war purposes. The President of the United States graciously accepted. Within a few days fifteen hundred young men were on the campus in tents to begin their military training Competition of the government and the University was on at once, for soldiers in one case and students in the other. The necessities of the War Department in- creased from day to day. Permanent barracks took the place of the tents and more than 100,000 soldiers first and last received their training on the grounds, the engineers, foresters, and camouflage. The demand for the use of the University buildings came very soon. Room after room was given over until "one crowded hour of glorious life" when the government took full possession of all the buildings and the students, what few of them the enlistment had left, went to the homes and offices of the instructors to receive their lectures. 26 IfTM*. McKinlEy Building and Tempokakv Stkuctukes FOR Wak Purposes THE THREE NATIONS 37 The Chemical Warfare Service asked for and re- ceived the use of the Ohio or McKinley Building, in which a dozen or more chemists were set to work. Great as the building was it became too small, and other buildings were erected about it in which the manufacture of gas, masks, and explosives was car- ried on, until nearly three thousand chemists and their assistants were employed when the armistice was signed. The University at no time suspended instruction, and an increasing number of students, with all the in- conveniences of attendance and drain of war, continued to come until it was forced on the Trustees to find other accommodations for the school. So many of the employees of the government sought admission to the University that it became necessary to open a Down- town Branch in the city. One building after another was secured in the block on F Street, until all the houses except two between 19th and 20th Streets were purchased. A Board of Award was created and a fund raised to grant fellowships to students desiring to continue their studies after graduation in some field of research toward which their college or university training had inclined them and for which they were fitted. These fellowships, varying in sums from $500 to $1,000 each, have been distributed from year to year to successful competitors in this country residing respectively in Seattle, Wash. ; Atlanta, Ga. ; other cities between, and in Canada and Europe. 28 THE THREE NATIONS The Board of Trustees and the Officers of the Board at the time of opening were as follows : OFFICERS OF THE BOARD OF TRUSTEES President, BENJAMIN F. LEIGHTON Vice-President, ROBERT B. WARD Treasurer, CHARLES C. GLOVER Secretary, CHARLES W. BALDWIN BOARD OF TRUSTEES Class of 1915 THOS. H. ANDERSON, D. C. JOHN E. ANDRUS, N. Y. CALVERT CRARY, Mass. CHARLES DICK, Ohio ARTHUR DIXON, 111. H. O. S. HEISTAND, U. S. A., Ohio BENJAMIN F. LEIGHTON, D. C. LEVI SMITH, Pa. THOMAS W. SMITH, D. C. GEO. W. F. SWARTZELL, D. C. JOHN H. VINCENT, 111. ROBERT B. WARD, N. Y. GEO. F. WASHBURN, Mass. WILLIAM R. WEDDERSPOON, D. C. WILLIAM R. WOODCOCK, Pa. the: three nations 29 Class of 1919 WILLIAM J. BRYAN, Nebr. JOSEPHUS DANIELS, N. C. CHARLES W. FAIRBANKS, Ind. WILLIAM T. GALLIHER, D. C. CHARLES C. GLOVER, D. C. CHARLES L. GOODELL, N. Y. JOHN W. HAMILTON, Mass. JAMES C. NICHOLSON, Md. CLARENCE F. NORMENT, D. C. JOHN A. PATTEN, Tenn. WILLIAM S. PILLING, Pa. SAMUEL R. VAN SANT, Minn. BRAINERD H. WARNER, D. C. LUTHER B. WILSON, N. Y. Class of 1923 CHARLES W. BALDWIN, Md. JOSEPH F. BERRY, Pa. JABEZ G. BICKERTON, Pa. JULIAN S. CARR, N. C. WILLIAM S. CORBY, D. C. EARL CRANSTON, D. C. FRANKLIN HAMILTON, Mass. Mrs. JOHN F. KEATOR, Pa. ABRAHAM J. PALMER, N. Y. Mrs. J. FRANK ROBINSON, 111. THEODORE ROOSEVELT, N. Y. GEORGE C. STURGISS, W. Va. ALPHAEUS W. WILSON, Md. 80 THE THREE NATIONS The following were the Officers of Administration and Instructors: OFFICERS OF ADMINISTRATION AND INSTRUCTION FRANKLIN HAMILTON, A.B., S.T.B., Ph.D., Chancellor and ex-officio Member of the Board of Award. ALPHAEUS WATERS WILSON, A.B., S.T.D., LL.D., Vice-Chancellor. ALBERT OSBORN, A.B., B.D., Registrar and ex-officio Member of the Board of Award. FRANK WILBUR COLLIER, A.B., S.T.D., Ph.D.. Director of Research and ex-officio Member of the Board of Award. WILLIAM JENNINGS BRYAN, A.B., M.A., LL.B., LL.D., Member of the Board of Award. THOMAS NIXON CARVER, A.B., Ph.D., LL.D., Member of the Board of Award. PHILANDER PRIESLY CLAXTON, A.B., M.A., Litt.D., LL.D., Member of the Board of Award. JOSEPHUS DANIELS, Litt.D., LL.D., Member of the Board of Award. THE three: nations 31 JOHN WILLIAM HANCHER, B.S., M.S., M.A., S.T.D., Member of the Board of Award. ALFRED CHARLES TRUE, M.A., Sc.D., Member of the Board of Award. WILLIAM ANDREW WOOD, A.B., S.T.B., S.T.D., Member of the Board of Award. ISMAR JOHN PERITZ, A.B., Ph.D., Lecturer on the Bible, 1915. JUSTICE THOMAS H. ANDERSON, Lecturer on American Diplomacy. FREDERIC MAURICE STONE, A.B., B.D., D.D.. Endowment Secretary. HERBERT HARVEY KIMBALL, A.B., Ph.D., In charge of Solar Radiation Research, United States Weather Bureau. IRVING FORREST HAND, Assistant in Solar Radiation Research. BENJAMIN MINGE DUGGAR, B.S., M.S., A.B.. M.A., Ph.D., Counseling Professor in Plant Physiology. OSWALD SCHREINER, B.S., M.S., Ph.D., Counseling Professor in Chemistry. MITCHELL CARROLL, A.B., M.A., Ph.D., Counseling Professor in Archaeology and Art. GEORGE S. DUNCAN, A.B., M.A., B.D., Ph.D., Counseling Professor of Oriental Languages and Literatures. 32 THE THREE NATIONS JOHN FRANKLIN ST. CLAIR, A. B., D.D., Financial Secretary. JOHN BEAVER POLSGROVE, A.B., D.D., Field Secretary. GERVASE ARISTARCHUS VIETS, Financial Secretary. JOHN BROOKS HAMMOND, Superintendent of Grounds and Buildings. CLARENCE GREGG TORREYSON, Superintendent's Assistant. Following are the present Officers of the American University : OFFICERS OF THE AMERICAN UNIVERSITY Chancellor, BISHOP JOHN W. HAMILTON, LL.D., L.H.D. Assistant to Chancellor, J. FRANKLIN KNOTTS, D.D. Director of Research, FRANK W. COLLIER, Ph.D. Registrar and Secretary, ALBERT OSBORN, S.T.D. OFFICERS OF THE BOARD OF TRUSTEES President, MR. JOHN C. LETTS First Vice-President, MR. WILLIAM S. PILLING Second Vice-President, MR. WILLIAM KNOWLES COOPER Treasurer, MR. WILLIAM S. CORBY Secretary, CHARLES W. BALDWIN, D.D. THE THREE NATIONS 33 BOARD OF TRUSTEES Class of 1923 JOHN L. ALCOCK, Md. Dr. CHARLES W. BALDWIN, Md. Bishop JOSEPH F. BERRY, Pa. Dr. JABEZ G. BICKERTON, Pa. Hon. JULIAN S. CARR, N. C. WILLIAM S. CORBY, D. C. Bishop EARL CRANSTON, Ohio Bishop COLLINS DENNY, Va. Dr. ROBERT S. INGRAHAM, Wis. Mrs. JOHN F. KEATOR, Pa. GEORGE H. MAXWELL, Mass. Dr. ABRAHAM J. PALMER, N. Y. Mrs. J. FRANK ROBINSON, 111. JOHN W. SPARKS, Pa. Hon. GEORGE C. STURGISS, W. Va. Dr. ALFRED C. TRUE, D. C. Class of 1927 Hon. JOHN E. ANDRUS, N. Y. GORDON BATTELLE, Ohio CHARLES J. BELL, D. C. EDWARD F. COLLADAY, D. C. WM. KNOWLES COOPER, D. C. CALVERT CRARY, Mass. FREDERICK A. FENNING, D. C. Dr. G. H. GROSVENOR, D. C. 34 THK THREE NATIONS Hon. WARREN G. HARDING, Ohio Col. H. O. S. HEISTAND, U. S. A., Ohio JOHN C. LETTS, D. C. Bishop WILLIAM F. McDOWELL, D. C. GEO. F. WASHBUR'N, Mass. Dr. WILLIAM R. WEDDERSPOON, 111. Hon. WM. LEE WOODCOCK, Pa. Class of 1931 Col. PETER M. ANDERSON, D. C. Hon. WILLIAM J. BRYAN, Nebr. Dr. ARTHUR C. CHRISTIE, D. C. Mrs. SARAH B. COCHRAN, Pa. Hon. JOSEPHUS DANIELS, N. C. GEORGE W. DIXON, 111. WILLIAM J. FAUX, Pa. WILLIAM T. GALLIHER, D. C. CHARLES C. GLOVER, D. C. Bishop JOHN W. HAMILTON, D. C. Dr. JAMES C. NICHOLSON, D. C. CLARENCE F. NORMENT, D. C. WILLIAM S. PILLING, Pa. A. M. SCHOYER, 111. Hon. SAMUEL R. VAN SANT, Minn. Bishop LUTHER B. WILSON, N. Y. THE three; nations 35 Board of Award. ALFRED C. TRUE, Ph. D., Chairman. PHILANDER P. CLAXTON, LL- D. OSWALD SCHRETNER, Ph.D. JOHN W. HANCHER, S. T. D. LEMUEL H. MURLIN, S. T. D. VINCENT MASSEY, A.M. JOHN J. TIGERT, LL. D. Together with the Chancellor, Director of Research, and Registrar of the University, EX-OFFICIO members. The Woman's Guild of the University was an association of distinguished women residing in Washington who form'ed an organization to pro- mote the interests of the University. "Any person contributing $1,000 becomes an Honorary Vice- President; $500 a Charter Member; and $100 a Life Member of the Guild." Following were the officers : WOMAN'S GUILD OF THE AMERICAN UNIVERSITY Officers Vice-President and Acting President, Mrs. THOMAS H. ANDERSON Recording Secretary, Miss ELISABETH F. PIERCE Corresponding Secretary, Mrs. FREDERICK PLINY LILLEY Treasurer, Mrs. WILLIAM M. HANNAY 36 THE THRElv NATIONS Vice-Presidents Mrs. JOHN A. LOGAN Mrs. BENJAMIN F. LEIGHTON Mrs. T. DeWITT TALMAGE Mrs. ANDREW B. DUVALL Mrs. JOHN HOEFFECKER Mrs. J. B. SHOWALTER Mrs. M. B. TULLOCH Mrs. ALDIS S. BROWNE Mrs. JONATHAN P. DOLLIVER Miss MARGARET GAY DOLLIVER Mrs. M. A. HEPBURN Mrs. CHARLES P. McLANE Miss IDA SIMPSON Mrs. GEORGE C. WILDER Following is the present Faculty of the several Schools of the University : FACULTY OF THE SCHOOL OF DIPLO- MACY AND JURISPRUDENCE THE RT. REV. JOHN W. HAMILTON, D.D., LL.D., L.H.D., Chancellor of University. ALBERT H. PUTNEY, Ph.D., D.C.L., LL.D., Professor of Constitutional and International Law and Diplomatic History, and Dean of the Faculty. FRANK W. COLLIER, S.T.B., Ph.D., Professor of Racial Psychology and Compara- tive Religion, and Director of Research. THE THREE NATIONS 6i CHARLES W. NEEDHAM, LL. B., LL- D., Professor of the Comparative Constitutional Law and Interstate Commerce Law. CHARLES F. CARUSL LL. M., LL. D'., Professor of Legal History. FREDERICK JUCHHOFF, Ph. D., LL. M. Professor of Economics. LESTER H. WOOLSEY, A. B., LL. B., Professor of International Law. ALES HRDLICKA, M. D., Professor of Anthropology. CHARLES C. TANSILL, A. M., Ph. D., Professor of History. GILBERT O. NATIONS, Ph. D., Professor of Roman and Canon Law. ROGER W. COOLEY, Litt. B., LL. M., Professor of Law. JAMES HAMILTON LEWIS, Lecturer on Special Topics in Constitutional Law. ELLERY C. STOWELL, A. B., L. D., Lecturer on International Law. WILLIAM RAY MANNING, A.M., Ph.D., Lecturer on Trade with Latin America and Latin American History. RAY O. HALL, A. M., Lecturer on Trade with Near East and Far East. EDWIN C. PULLER, Ph. B., LL. M., Lecturer on Citizenship and Passports. HAYDEN JOHNSON, LL. M.. Lecturer on Federal Corporations. A. K. SCHMAVONIAN, A. B., LL. M., Lecturer on Oriental History and Mohammedan Law. HENRY L. BRYAN, LL. M., Lecturer on Federal Statutes. 38 THE THREE NATIONS RICHARD W. FLOURNOY, LL. M., Lecturer on Admiralty Law. RAYMOND F. CRIST, LL.B, Lecturer on Immigration and Naturalization Laws of the United States. WILLIAM A. REID, LL- M., Lecturer on Trade Investigations. RICHARD C. DE WOLF, LL. B., Lecturer on the Law of Copyrights and Trademarks. CHARLES W. RUSSELL, LL. B., Lecturer on Claims Against Foreign Governments. KNUTE E. CARLSON, Ph. D., Lecturer on Trade with Europe. B. B. WALLACE, Ph. D., Lecturer on the Geography of Commerce. WALLACE McCLURE, A. M., LL. B., Lecturer on Foreign Tariffs. CHARLES LEE COOKE, Lecturer on Diplomatic Ceremonials. Graduate School of Arts and Sciences. THE RT. REV. JOHN W. HAMILTON, D. D., LE- D., L. H. D., Chancellor of University. FRANK W. COLLIER, S. T. B., Ph. D., Professor of Philosophy and Dean. ALBERT H. PUTNEY, Ph. D., D. C. L., LL. D., Professor of Constitutional Law. FREDERICK JUCHHOFF, LL. B., Ph. D., Professor of Economics. GEORGE S. DUNCAN, A. M., Ph. D., Professor of Oriental and Old Testament Literature. THE THRE£; NATIONS 39 MITCHELL CARROLL, A. M., Ph. D., Professor of New Testament Literature. OSWALD SCHREINER, B. S., M.S., Ph.D., Consulting Professor in Chemistry. BENJAMIN MINGE DUGGAR, B. S., M. S., Ph. D., Consulting Professor in Plant Physiology. ALES HRDLICKA, M. D., Sc. D., Professor of Anthropology. CHARLES C. TANSILL, A. M., Ph. D., Professor of History. PAUL KAUFMAN, A. M., Ph. D., Professor of English Literature. GILBERT O. NATIONS, Ph. D., Lecturer on Roman and Canon Law. WILLIAM RAY MANNING, A. M., Ph. D., Lecturer on Latin American History. EDWIN S. PULLER, Ph. B., LL- M., Lecturer on Citizenship and Passports. A. K. SCHMAVONIAN, LL. M., Lecturer on Oriental History and Mohammedan Law. WALTON C. JOHN, A. M., Ph. D., Professor of Education. RAYMOND F. CRIST, LL. B., Lecturer on Immigration and Naturalization. TOLLEF B. THOMPSON, Ph. D., Professor of Sociology. BENJAMIN B. WALLACE. Ph. D., Associate Professor of Political Science. CURTIS F. MARBUT, A. M., LL. D., Consulting Professor in Geology. ELLERY C. STOWELL, Doctor in Droit, Lecturer on International Law. 40 THE THRKiJ NATIONS School of Business Administration. THE RT. REV. JOHN W. HAMILTON, D. D., LL. D. L. H. D, Chancellor of the University. FREDERICK JUCHHOFF, LL. M., Ph. D., Dean of the School of Business Administration. CHARLES W. NEEDHAM, LL. B., LL. P., Professor of Interstate Commerce Law. W. H. S. STEVENS, Professor of Business Finance and Organization. W. R. MANNING, Professor of Latin-American Relations. G. A. STEPHENS, Professor of Insurance. ALBERT H. PUTNEY, Professor of Law. T. B. THOMPSON, Professor of Commerce. FREDERICK JUCHHOFF, Professor of Economics. KEMPER SIMPSON, Professor of Statistics. CLARENCE E. BONNETT, Visiting Professor of Economics. RAY OVID HALL, Associate Professor of Trade with the Orient. A. S. FIELD, Associate Professor of Transportation. KNUTE E. CARLSON, Associate Professor of Trade with Europe. JOHN L. DONALDSON, Associate Professor of Labor Problems. THE THREE NATIONS 41 WILLIAM A. REID, Associate Professor of Trade with Latin-America. B. B. WALLACE, Associate Professor of Commerce. DORSEY RICHARDSON, Associate Professor of Political Science. WALLACE McCLURE, Associate Professor of Economics. Today The University has continued to grow in favor and in the number of departments and students, until Schools of Diplomacy, Jurisprudence, Citizenship, Re- ligious Education, and Business Administration have been added. One graduate school in the United States has a greater number of students. The oldest of such schools had only about a score more of students than are receiving instruction in the American University the present year. It is the only institution in the coun- try that does not have an undergraduate school as its feeder. Doctor Albert H. Putney, who was in charge of the Near East Division of the State Department of the United States, was elected Dean of the Schools of Diplomacy, Jurisprudence, and Citizenship when the the Downtown Branch of the University was opened. Doctor Frank W. Collier is in charge of the School of Religious Education, and Doctor Frederick Juchhoff the School of Business Administration. 43 THE THRKE NATIONS The wideness and diversity of patronage which the University receives is indicated in the character, na- tivity, and residence of the students. The institution is fast becoming a world school. Its influence through the favor and direction of one of the embassies in Washington has determined since the war the educa- tional policy of one of the foreign States, and secured an American educator to direct in the movement. The following tables give an interesting account of the several relations sustained by the students of the University now in attendance : A. — States of the United States represented in the student body of the American University : 1. Alabama 19. Missouri 2. California 20. Nebraska 3. Colorado 21. New Hampshire 4. Connecticut 22. New Jersey 5. District of Columbia 23. New York 6. Florida 24. North Carolina 7. Georgia 25. Ohio 8. Illinois 26. Pennsylvania 9. Indiana 27. Rhode Island 10. Iowa 28. South Carolina 11. Kansas 29. Tennessee 12. Kentucky 30. Texas 13. Maine 31. Utah 14. Maryland 32. Vermont 15. Massachusetts 33. Virginia 16. Michigan 34. West Virginia 17. Minnesota 35. Philippine Islands IS. Mississippi THE THREE NATIONS 43 B. — Foreign States represented in the student body of the American University: 1. Albania 7. Poland 2. Austria 8. Scotland 3. China 9. Sweden 4. Czecho-Slovakia 10. Turkey 5. Ecuador 11. Uruguay 6. Hungary C. — Religious affiliations of the students of the American University: 1. Baptist 11. New Jerusalem 2. Christian (Disciples) (Swedenborgian) 3. Congregational 12. Presbyterian 4. Friends 13. Protestant 5. Greek Orthodox 14. Protestant Episcopal 6. Hebrew 15. Reformed 7. Latter Day Saints 16. Roman Catholic 8. Lutheran 17. Unitarian 9. Methodist Episcopal 18. Mohammedan 10. Methodist Episcopal 19. Confucian (South) D. — The following degrees are held by the student body of the American University: A. B. B. D. LL. B. M. P. L. A. M. B. S. LL. M. M. S. B. B. A. D. C. L. M. C. S. Ph. B. B. C. L. D. V. M. M. J. Ph. D. 44 THE THREE NATIONS In- In- E.— The following fessional schools are University : 1. Adelphia College 2. Alabama Polytechnic stitute 3. American University 4. Arizona Agricultural stitute 5. Arkansas Law School 6. Bates College 7. Berea College 8. Bethany College 9. Bridgewater College 10. Brown University 11. Bryn Mawr College Capital University lumbus) Capital Theological Semi- nary Cincinnati Law School Clark University Columbia University Creighton University Dickinson College. Drew Theological Semi- nary Eastern College (Va.) 21. Franklin and Marshall College 22. Georgetown University 23. Georgetown University (Ky.) George Washington Uni- versity universities, colleges, and pro- represented in the American 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 24 (Co- 25. Grinnell College 26. Hamline University 27. Harvard University 28. Hiram College 29. Holy Cross (Worcester, Mass.) Illinois Wesleyan University Indianapolis College of Law Iowa State College 33. John Marshall Law School 34. Johns Hopkins University Kansas State Agricultural College Leland Stanford Junior University Lenore College Lynchburg College 39. Manila College 40. Medical College of Vir- ginia 41. Meigs College. 42. Meridian University 43. Mississippi College 44. Mt. Holyoke College 45. National University Law School Nebraska Wesleyan Uni- versity New Mexico Agricultural College 30. 31. 32 35 36 37. 38. 46 the: three; nations 45 48. New York University 49. Northwestern University 50. Oberlin University 51. Oberlin Tlieological Semi- nary 52. Ohio State University 53. Peabody College 54. Purdue University 55. Princeton University 56. Smith College 57. Southern Methodist Uni- versity 58. Syracuse University 59. Toledo University 60. Union College 61. University of California 62. University of Chicago 63. University of Cincinnati 64. University of Denver 65. University of Illinois 66. University of Kansas 67. University of Kentucky 68. University of Maryland 69. University of Minnesota 70. University of Missouri 71. University of Nebraska 76. 77. 78. 79. 80. 81. 82. 83. 84. 85. 86. 87. 88. 89. 90. 91. 92. University of Oregon University of Pennsylvania University of South Da- kota University of Southern California University of Tennessee University of Texas University of Virginia West Virginia University Valparaiso University Vassar College Vanderbilt University Washington (D. C.) Col- lege of Law Washington School of Accountancy Wellesley College Whitworth University William and Mary College Williams College William Smith College Wofiford University. Yale University Young-Harris College F. — The foreign educational institutions represented in the student body of the American University: 1. Acadia University, Nova 5. University of Berlin, Ger- Scotia many 2. Nippon University, Japan 6. University of Christ iania, 3. Roberts College, Turkey Norway 4. The Sarbonne, France 46 THE THREE NATIONS 7. University of Glasgow, 11. University of Montevideo, Scotland Uruguay 8. University of Greifswald, 12. University of The Philip- Germany pines 9. Ufiiversity of Halle, Ger- 13. University of Prague, many Czecho-Slovakia 10. University of Marburg, 14. Upsala, Sweden Germany 15. University of Vienna, Austria FLAG RAISING When zvar ivingcd its zvild desolation, And threatened the land to defonn, The ark then of Freedom's foundation, Columbia, rode safe thro' the storm; With her garlands of vict'ry around her, When so proudly she bore her brave crezv, With her flag proudly floating before her, The boast of the Red, White, and Blue. — David Shazv. FLAG RAISING EXERCISES. Two great flags having been donated to the Uni- versity, the flag raising preceded the Convocation ex- ercises. A large assembly was gathered about tlie flag pole, that stands near the College of History. The Chancellor of the University, Bishop John W. Hamil- ton, in presenting the presiding officer, said : Ladies and Gentlemen : You know it has been the custom, indeed for long the law, over all our institutions of learning, including the public school, to float the national flag. We are met today to receive first the flag donated by Senator Robert A. Booth, of Oregon, who said he wanted the Oregon colors to float over the Nation's Capital. The exercises were to be in charge of General Pershing, who consented to be here in case he was not called to his own institution in the west. He has notified me that he has not been released from his tentative engagement, and expresses his regret that he will not be present today. He states that he had secured Major General William Mason Wright to repre- sent him. General Wright, however, has been called suddenly today to the hospital on a very serious errand, and in his place he has designated General Preston Brown, who will preside at these brief but patriotic exercises, after which we will go immediately to the amphitheater in the grove for the annual University exercises. It is my pleasure to present to you now General Preston Brown. General Brown : Ladies and Gentlemen : Before asking Dr. Pierce to offer the invocation, I know you will pardon me when I say it is peculiarly fitting that he should do so. The ambassador of our sister republic is present. He will appreciate when I announce the fact that three years ago 50 THE THREE NATIONS today in the bloody fighting at Belleau Wood, Dr. Pierce, then a chaplain in the Second Division, took an honored part, and represented his calling with the greatest credit. Dr. J. N. Pierce. Almighty God, Whose we are, and Whom we serve : We cannot meet here without recognition of Thy presence ; that our country owes her life to Thee; that our desires of the sisterhood of nations are born of Thy Holy Spirit operating in our minds and heart; that this great University, set on a hill, which cannot be hid, looks to make real among men Thy wisdom. Thy truth. Thy love, and Thy service. And now is this flag accepted, as it has been given, in the spirit of allegiance to country and to the ideals back of country. And guiding, onward as this flag shall float in this place, wilt Thou make us loyal to all Thy children and to all Thy truths, in all our lives. And to the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit shall be our thanksgiving and our praise now and forevermore. Amen. General Brown : The presentation of the flags will be made by Mr. H. M. Frampton, who represents the Fixed Nitrogen Research Laboratory, and to whom has been en- trusted the honor of presenting the flags. Mr. Frampton. General Brown, Bishop Hamilton, and Distinguished Ladies and Gentlemen : I have the honor to present, for your formal acceptance, two flags, both of which were sent to the Amer- ican University for use at its Seventh Convocation exercises, June 8, 1921. The flag which I shall first hand you was presented by Senator Robert A. Booth, of Oregon, and the second by Mrs. and Col. P. M. Anderson, of the District of Columbia. The Fixed Nitrogen Research Laboratory, which it is my pleasure to represent, was entrusted with the cus- tody of these flags until such time as they were formally accepted. The Laboratory is very grateful for this and other honors bestowed upon it I)y the American University, which honors we desire hereby to acknowledge. And as I now pre- THE THREE NATIONS 51 sent the flags as described, I present also an expression of the high esteem we hold for the officers and faculty of the American University, as well as for the officers of the War Department, which you now represent, and under whom we serve. General Brown : Ladies and Gentlemen : The acceptance of the flags will be made by Bishop Hamilton. Ladies and Gentlemen : No extended remarks are necessary in this day to accept anything! We are always grateful for all we can get ! Under these circumstances it is very fitting indeed that the flags should have been entrusted for presenta- tion to the partners with the American University in the occupancy of this ground. We have been associated with the United States Government here for the last three or four years, they occupying all of our hundred acres. The Nitrate Division is still in possession of the Ohio or McKinley Building. In behalf of the University, it gives me greatest pleasure from the representative of the Nitrate Division, to accept these flags, the first to be erected here, the second to be erected over the downtown branch of the University, between Nineteenth and Twentieth Streets, on F Street. That you may not tire in waiting, I will venture very briefly an extremely frank but good-natured remark. The boys who were here were not as careful as possibly we would have been with our own flag. It was up in all weathers, night as well as day, and it soon lost its colors ; and another untoward matter, it broke from its moorings at the top. The men of the Nitrate Division, at all times our helpmates, borrowed from the Weather Bureau three or four balloons and a num- ber of pulleys, and by some sort of skill or legerdemain, they were able, by a hoisting hydrogen process, to bring that pulley not only to the top, but to fasten it there, and then also to strengthen the pulley, as you see, by these wrappings. And now it is certainly proper that they should test the pulley 52 THE THRKE NATIONS and the wrappings to, see that the thing has gone into place to do the business ! As the fiag rose to its appointed place the Marine Band, led by Lieut. Wm. H. Santelmann, played "The Star-Spangled Banner," and the audience stood at salute while the colors were being raised. General Brown : We will now proceed to the grove for the remainder of the exercises. IN THE GROVE We found in it the fields of the Wood. — The; Biblk. EXERCISES IN THE GROVE. The Convocation exercises proper were held in the outdoor auditorium at 2 :30 o'clock, with Bishop John W. Hamilton, Chancellor, presiding. Bishop Hamilton : Good friends, you cannot understand the pressure upon the time of the President in these most busy days. We must have the time for the exercises, but when he shall appear, which will be in a very few minutes, we desire that he shall have the full time necessary for his address. He must retire, and the band also, if our exercises should be extended beyond four o'clock, as Mrs. Harding has a garden party at which she must be present from five to seven o'clock, and the Marine Band that is serving us today, through the 'direction of the President of the United States, of course must go with the President, to be present at that reception in the grounds of the White House. We will there- fore proceed at once with the exercises. The audience may remain standing during the prayer, which is to be offered by the Rector, the Rev. James E. Freeman, D. D., of the Church of the Epiphany. (The audience arose.) Prayer. Let us pray. Almighty God, our Heavenly Father, Thou art the source of all life, Thou art the source of all strength, Thou art the Giver of every good and perfect gift; and we approach Thee today as Thy children with the confidence and assurance that Thy Spirit is with us in all things. And we come to Thee, in this day of holy beginnings, to ask Thy love and favor upon us, as we meet here in this place which is dedicated to things of wisdom and of knowledge and of power ; to ask Thee to give us Thy grace and Thy Heavenly S5 56 THE THR2E NATIONS benediction ; to grant that here in this place truth may dwell serenely, and truth inspired by Thee. Do Thou give great judgment and wisdom to all those charged with the concerns of this place, granting that noth- ing untoward, nothing unfavorable to the acceptance of truth may enter here. But may all things be done with an eye single to Thy Glory, and may every enterprise here under- taken have but one issue — the Glory of God and the uplifting of man. Do Thou broaden our outlook today. Do Thou make more sensitive our consciences. Do Thou render clearer our vision. Do Thou grant that more comprehensive may be our love as we confront the great issues of the world. May we approach them, not in any fearsome spirit, but with large confidence in Thee. May we remember that "if God be for us, who can be against us?" And do Thou grant that here in this place and in this great city there may be developed a spirit of fra- ternity and of international interest and of international love that shall literally embrace all the children of men. Do Thou bless him who is appointed to preside over this nation ; give to him peculiar wisdom in these days ; and grant that every safeguard may be thrown about him, and grant that Thy Holy Spirit may lead him day by day, hour by hour, into paths of truth and into ways of pleasantness and of every increasing service for Thee and for his nation. And to one and all of us do Thou give the sense of loyalty, do Thou give the sense of devotion, not only to our national ideals, but to those uplifted ideals that may be ringing round the world, that today are making for the larger fraternity of human interest. And do Thou bless the student body and all those who are teaching these Thy sons and Thy daughters in this place. Do Thou grant that each one of them in his or her place may fulfill every holy obligation to Thee, and may render service worthy of Thee. the; three nations ot Do Thou hear us in this, our prayer. Forgive us when we make mistakes. Lift us when we fall. Strengthen us when we are weak. Encourage us when we fail. And grant that as we grow in years, and in the ripeness and richness of knowl- edge, we may grow more and more in our spirit of fellowship one with the other, and more and more in the spirit of rev- erence and devotion to Thee. These things we ask with sure confidence and for the sake of Thy Son, our Savior, Jesus Christ. Amen. Bishop Hamilton : The Scriptures will be read by the Rev. John Paul Tyler, D. D., of the Methodist Episcopal Church, South. Dr. Tyler : The Scriptures appointed for the day are, first, the Twenty-third Psalm, which we shall repeat in concert. Let us rise. (The audience rose and repeated the Psalm.) Hear now, also, the Word of the Lord as it is recorded in the seventeenth chapter of the Acts of the Apostles, verses twenty-two to thirty-one. Here endeth the reading of the lesson. Bishop Hamilton : The Rev. Dr. Mitchell will lead us as the precentor in the singing of these combined hymns, first, "America;" secondly, "God Save the King;" thirdly, "The International Hymn," accompanied by the band. (Dr. Mitchell led the audience with enthusiasm in singing the hymns.) Bishop Hamilton: At the earnest request of the grad- uating class that the President would consent to be in a picture with them, we will wait just a moment for the pho- tographers. Numerous photographs were then taken of the President and Mrs. Harding, the officials of the Uni- versity, members of the graduating class, and distin- guished guests. 58 THE THREE NATIONS INTRODUCTORY ADDRESS BY THE CHANCELLOR. Bishop Hamilton : Mr. President, Mrs. Harding, Honored Guests, Ladies and Gentlemen: It was Wendell Phillips who said, "Education is the only interest worthy the deep con- trolling anxiety of the thoughtful man." This statement be- comes startling when it is understood that the world has never been educated. Education itself has not arrived at the age of definition. There have been many attempts to define it by men and nations, but its meaning does not lie on the sur- face, and it is elusive. It has had no maturity; and will have none in your time or mine. It would have to exhaust both knowledge and wisdom to become mature. The nearest ap- proach to it is in what we call the ideal, and that is more imaginary than real. The most that can be said for the best educated is that they are going on to perfection ; they cannot hope to be made perfect in this life ; they have the infinite in their curricula. All wisdom comes from above. Cicero declared, "All things are full of God." No man, therefore, in our use of the term can be a scholar who does not know the presence and will of God revealed in His Bible dnd in all things about him. To be a scholar even then is to be a smatterer. Nicodemus, who was ignorant of the new revelation, knew enough to say to the Man of Nazareth, "We know that Thou art a Teacher come from God." The prophet had said of Him many centuries before. He will teach us of His way and we will walk in His paths, and He Himself has directed us of His knowledge to teach all nations. Christian education is the common bond of human fellowship the world round, the only measure of human progress. We have come here today to commemorate the search for the higher learning. There is a significant proverb that "God blesses the seeking, not the finding." ADDRESS OF THE HONORABLE NEWTON W. ROWELL KING'S COUNSEL, TORONTO, CANADA We can live zvithout our friends, but not ivithout our neighbors. — Proverb. Dr. Newton W. Roweh INTRODUCING DR. ROWELL. When New France was ceded to Great Britain our prov- inces were all one country. George the Third made us some disturbance between neighbors, but he didn't obliterate the neighborhood. And what is the use of digging up that old trouble? We are still neighbors. The American University- stands for a closer fellowship, wiser statesmanship, and Christian reciprocity. To this end we have brought our neighbor and brother to promote this national brotherhood. It is my very great pleasure to introduce to you the Hon- orable Newton W. Rowell, LL. D., King's Counsel, of To- ronto, Ontario, Canada. Dr. Roweli, : Mr. Chancellor, Your Excellencies, Ladies and Gentlemen : In the year 1908, it was my privilege to be present on these University grounds and to hear an address from your then President, the late Theodore Roosevelt. I listened with great pleasure and satisfaction to the proclama- tion of ideals which I could not distinguish from the ideals which we advocate and hold dear in our own country. And, Mr. Chancellor, when you invited me to be present today and mformed me that your President, Mr. Harding, was to be present and deliver an address, that was a great inducement to come that I might hear again the proclamation of Amer- ican ideals by the first citizen of your country. May I refer, in passing, to that interesting ipcident in which we were privileged to take part a few minutes ago — the presentation of the American flag to this University? It recalled to my mind a most impressive experience of the 4th of July, 1918. In the early hours of that morning it was my privilege to stand on an elevated plateau to the northeast of Amiens and witness the soldiers of Australia, your soldiers and some of our Canadian troops attack the German positions 61 62 THE THREE NATIONS which then threatened Amiens. It was one of the first at- tacks, if not the first attack upon tlie veteran troops of Ger- many, in which your men took part. I was asked : "How do you think the American troops will act?" Does my answer sound presumptuous ? I replied : "You know how the Cana- dians have acted under fire ; the American soldiers will act in the same way." Later in the day, when present at the meeting of the Supreme Council in Paris, we learned the result of that morning's engagement. Our combined forces had not only gained their objective, but they had advanced much beyond their objective. It was the first real advance after the disasters of the spring and was to prepare the way for the later movements which culminated in those great victories which brought the war to an end. May one ex- press the earnest hope that the spirit of fraternity and co- operation manifested on that 4th of July, 1918, between the citizens of the British Empire and the United States may continue to characterize our relations in all the days that lie before us. At this Convocation of the American University, established in the National Capital by one of the great religious bodies of this country, it would appear to be fitting to speak of the ideals for which this University stands; the name, the geo- graphical situation and the religious affiliations all suggest that the founders of this institution were possessed of a great ideal. What was that ideal? May I suggest an interpreta- tion? The word "American" means more than territory; it means more than population, it means more than certain institutions ; it means the product of all these — "the American spirit." We all understand it. It is more easily understood than defined. But some, at least, of its characteristics are an ardent patriotism, a marked individualism, a notable self- reliance, an outstanding optimism, strong moral aspirations and a democratic spirit. I believe these qualities are equally characteristic of our Canadian people. They are characteristic THE TlIREe NATIONS <^3 of the North American spirit and might be described as the new world ideal of citizenship. The founders of this University had much more in view than simply the development of the national spirit. They realized that if this national spirit were to receive its high- est expression it must be broadened and steadied, rendered reverent and efficient by the knowledge and discipline that come from training in a great university. We all realize, as the Chancellor has pointed out, that the life yvhich opens to a student when he enters the University broadens his horizon and should give him a truer view of life. He must realize how greatly the American and the Canadian of today are indebted to the civilization of Europe and Asia, the older civilizations which have preceded ours, and that as we are building upon foundations that others have laid, we should recognize the place and inestimable value of their work and be worthy of the past as well as of the present. But the founders of this institution had a still broader conception of the new world ideal. The North American spirit, broadened, steadied and disciplined by education, may yet be intellectually cold and selfish. If so, it can neither save its own country nor help to save the world. It must be warmed and inspired with noble and unselfish ideals, and so they founded not a secular but a Christian University, the roots of which sink deep into the religious life of the country and which draws its inspiration from our holy Christian faith. Mr. Chancellor, such a conception of indi- vidual and national character means much to the future of your country and ours. You ask : "What is the Christian conception of national life?" It certainly is not narrow selfishness, it is not national isolation; it is the expression of the spirit of service in prac- tical co-operation on a world-wide scale in the interests of humanity. The chaplain read to us this afternoon that passage from the Apostle Paul, in which he said that God "hath made 64 THE THREE NATIONS of one blood all nations." The Christian conception is not several distinct humanities. It is one humanity, of which all nations are members. No one member can suffer without the whole body of humanity suffering with it. No one mem- ber can be honored without the whole body of humanity being honored with it. I am sure this University stands not only for ardent pa- triotism and love of country, for an educated and enlightened citizenship, but it stands above all for the Christian concep- tion of individual and national character and the Christian view of international relations. If I have one word to say to the graduates today, it is to express the earnest hope that as they are among the first to go forth from this University, they may in their life express the great ideals of the founders of this American University. Looking beyond the immediate sphere of the University may we not ask ourselves today, is there any contribution which the North American spirit can make to the life of the world? Is there any distinctive contribution that will benefit humanity and promote human progress? One is simply re- calling what is familiar to all when one points out the in- valuable contribution of Syria to the religious life of the world, of the contribution of Rome in law, of Greece in art, of Great Britain in the science of government, and of France in the humanities. What contribution, what distinctive con- tribution, can the North American spirit make to the world's cililization at this time? Mr. Chancellor, I venture to suggest there is a contribu- tion which we can make which is well worth while. In August, 1914, when the great war broke out, we in Canada and you in the United States, were engaged in preparations for commemorating the one hundred years of peace between our two countries. It was a notable event in our histories. It was a much more notable event in its implications. What has it meant to our two nations? What does it promise to THE THREK NATIONS 65 the world? Fifty-four hundred miles of boundary between our two countries unguarded for a hundred years. No bat- tleships upon our international boundary waters, no troops stationed on either side to defend us against hostile attack. Peace for a hundred years. No disputes between us? Yes, many disputes. No disputes likely to lead to war? Yes, many just of the character that have led to wars in the past and threaten to lead to wars in the future, disputes about territories, disputes about fishing and other property rights, disputes on all conceivable questions. Mr. Chancellor, hew does it happen that for more than a hundred years we have lived side by side in peace? We have lived in peace because the leaders and people of both nations have willed it that all our disputes should be settled by peaceable means. Our two nations have demonstrated to the world the practicability of avoiding war and of settling international disputes by peace- able means. That in itself is a great contribution to human progress. But we have done more. We have demonstrated that peaceable settlement of international disputes is not only practicable but is vastly more profitable than war. It is quite true that we in Canada were not always satisfied with the decisions ; we grumbled about many of them. We thought you got the best of the settlement in a good many of them. I judge from what I have seen in your press there were some people on your side of the line who thought in some of these arbitrations you got the worst. But I put this ques- tion to any thoughtful citizen in either country. Considering what war costs in life and property and its effect upon the whole life of the nation, who is there who will say that the worst settlement was not a thousand times better for both nations than any settlement that could have been secured by war? I repeat, our two countries have not only demonstrated the practicability of the peaceable settlement of international dis- putes, but from more than a hundred years' experience, the 66 THE THREE NATIONS national benefits and blessings resulting from it. What con- tribution should the North American spirit make to the world today? A world still reeling under the shock of the last war, still suffering from its crimes and horrors. We can endeavor to introduce a better spirit into international rela- tions and try to lead the world to the settlement of inter- national disputes by peaceable means. We may differ on the form in which this should be done. Men do honestly differ as to the form. We should respect each other's convictions on this matter. But so far as the spirit is concerned, I am convinced, Mr. Chancellor, and I am sure the President will confirm it, that the two nations are as one on the desirability of avoiding war and of substituting some other method for settling international disputes. Our nations do not like war. We want to see right and justice, not force, governing the relation of nation to nation, and peaceable methods substituted for war as a means of settling international disputes. Mr. Chancellor, may not one venture to believe that with the whole-hearted co-operation of the men on this side of the Atlantic, it may be possible for the North American spirit to make this contribution at this time to the world's peace and to human progress? What greater contribution could your country and ours possibly make? We know the benefit of freedom from huge armaments. We know the benefit of freedom from war. Should we not work together in seeking to establish some means of co-operation between the nations for the peaceable settlement of international disputes and the preservation of the world's peace? The people of Canada occupy a unique position politically and geographically. We are fortunate, Mr. Chancellor, in that we have two mother countries, France and Great Britain. We have the greatest respect and admiration for both. Geo- graphically, for fifty-four hundred miles our boundary line touches yours. We do a great deal of business with you. I THE THREE NATIONS 67 have not seen the statistics for the last year or two, but I know that we were doing a larger trade with you than you were doing with all the Central and South American states combined. I only mention this to show the intimacy and im- portance of our commercial relations. Then you are always annexing some of our citizens by marriage or otherwise, and we are annexing yours. We find the Americans who come to Canada and settle with us are just like our own people, they make the very best of settlers. I hope the Canadians who come over here conduct themselves well. I understand they usually get good positions. Mr. Chancellor, Canada has her part to play on this continent, related politically to Great Britain, geographically to the United States, the daughter of one and the sister of the other; she should act as a mediator and interpreter between the two, interpreting and reconciling the one to the other. Our place in history — and it will be- come greater as our population increases — should be to seek to bind together in peace and brotherhood the peoples of the British Empire, and this great English-speaking republic. I can conceive of no higher purpose Canada could serve. Some may say these are the idle dreams of dreamers — that this idealism is not practical in a practical world. Speaking to a University gathering it is not necessary to apologize for a measure of idealism. The path of human progress has not been blazed by the cynics or the pessimists. The path of human progress has been blazed by the idealists and the optimists — those who have had vision to see, faith to be- lieve and courage to execute ; and I am quite sure that is the spirit which inspires this University. ADDRESS OF THE HONORABLE WARREN G. HARDING PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES As for the just and noble idea that nations as well as individuals are parts of a zvondrous whole, it has hardly passed the lips or pen of any but religious men and poets. — Harriet Martineau. ADDRESS OF PRESIDENT HARDING. Presenting President. Bishop Hamilton : The world at this moment is turning its eyes on us as only a terrible calamity can drive a tired hope to look for sympathy and help. It is a momentous re- sponsibility to speak for a hundred million people, but it is an inspiring confidence we have when we are assured the words will be so well chosen as to express only good will with an excellent spirit. It is high privilege and distinguished honor that enables me to present the one man whose every word is heard round the world. President Harding : Bishop Hamilton, the Faculty, the Graduating Class, and Student Body : I do not think I can let this occasion pass without giving assent to many of the appropriate and appealing things just uttered by Dr. Rowell. I like his expressions that American and Canadian ideals are in common. And while he spoke about the North American contributions to present-day civilization and to the world, it occurred to me that the picture of the two great peoples living side by side in peace, in confidence and mutual understanding is about the finest exemplification that two nations can give to the world. I have said on many occasions that if all the nations of the earth were as honest and unselfish as our republic there never would be another war. I shall revise it today and say that if all the nations of the earth are as unselfish and devoted to their ideals as the United States and Canada there never will be another war. If I may suggest, without a discordant note, for there is none in my heart, I should like to call attention to the fact that the United States of America and the Dominion of Canada have dwelt side by side and settled their controversies 70 President Hakding THE THREE NATIONS 71 without resort to a superpower ; but by the exercise of the sovereignty of free peoples deaHng with one another. If we can commit civilized humanity to abiding righteousness and everlasting justice and inspire it with our example, we shall have made a long stride toward the peace the world craves. I am glad to extend greetings and congratulations on com- pletion of another year's work of the University. We are at the height of the annual commencement season, when thou- sands of students go out from institutions all over the land to take up the tasks for which their years of study have been preparing them. I wish I could impress the young men and women of every graduating class this year with my own acute conviction re- garding the obligation of service that is placed upon them. They have been favored with the privilege of special equip- ment and preparation, such as is vouchsafed to an all too small proportion of the people. They will not prove them- selves worthy of their peculiar good fortune or of their special responsibility unless they regard it as a trust to be held for the good of the whole community. We look to this month's graduating classes to provide far more than their numerical share of leaders for the Nation in a future not far ahead. You will play your parts in a world in many ways unlike any that former generations of your colleagues could have anticipated. I would feel that I had performed well the part that has providentially fallen to me if I could impress upon everyone who goes out this year with a diploma the thought that it is not a certificate of right to special favor and profit in the world but rather a commission of service. Men all about you will need the best you will be able to give to them. Never, I firmly believe, was there a time when the call was so insistent as that to those capable of giving unselfish, broad, comprehending direction to public thought. 'i2 THE THREE NATIONS You of the next generation of leadership will live in a time of readjustment and reorganization. Much that has been esteemed elemental has been swept aside. Almost noth- ing remains that we may safely think of as sacred, as secure from the attacks of the iconoclasts. It is a time in which men search their souls and assay their convictions, in which they examine the very fundamentals of institutions immemorially accepted, in which no tradition may be held immune from the assaults of the skeptic and the doubter. In such a time I can not but feel that the great need which proper education can supply is embraced in the broadest cul- ture, the most inclusive vision, the most clear-eyed compre- hension of the terms which mankind's problem today pre- sents. There was a time, and not very long ago, when we were wont to think of education as a sort of specialized train- ing for some kind of special service. We esteemed it as an intensive process of equipping fortunate persons for doing particular things particularly well along established and ac- cepted lines. Today we may say that there are few accepted lines. Nothing remains with us that is not queried. There- fore we need for the leadership of the coming generation an open-minded willingness to recognize the claim of the doubter, the innovator, the experimenter, the would-be constructionist. But while we must give these adventurous ones their full chance, we must sedulously guard against the spirit of mere cynicism, the disposition to condemn all things as they are because they are not perfect, the tendency to tear down before any plan of reconstruction has been prepared. The trained mind — provided it is not overtrained — is the one that must provide the saving faculty of discrimination. The world must go forward, and not backward ; and it will not go forward as the result of any philosophy of mere destruction. After all, unsatisfactory as some earnest people regard the present structure of society and existing human relationships, a rea- sonably conscious world has been a long time traveling as far THE THREE NATIONS 73 on the road toward ideal conditions as it now has reached. History has afforded many illustrations of societies crumbling and going to pieces, and the process has invariably been at- tended with superlative disaster to great masses of humanity. It is a commonplace that at this time the world stands on the brink of what looks much like a precipice. It must not be allowed to take the fatal plunge. It will not, if it shall be able to summon to its leadership in the coming generation men and women who will unite a necessary measure of con- servative purpose with an equally necessary portion of willing- ness to consider new expedients, to test out old formulas, to apply the acid test even to what we have learned to believe is pure gold. The education that can truly prepare for the demands of society in the time before us can not be given merely in academic halls. The great world outside must contribute of its practical experience, its intimate knowledge, its discipline and disappointments, to complete the equipment. We can learn much from books, but if we learned only from books we would learn only the wisdom of the past. Nobody will ever live long enough or be wise enough to equip himself with all the wisdom of the past, to say nothing of projecting it into the future. The student who has learned the art of learning, of application, of concentration upon the particular problem before him, will find that he is better qualified for the prac- tical affairs of life than the one who has merely stowed even a very great array of facts in his brain. Books are tremen- dously useful if they be made the servitors of the inquiring mind; they may be deadening and worse than useless if they become the master of the too receptive mind. He who has learned how to use books, how to find what he requires in them and then to apply it, without the necessity of over- loading his mind with unnecessary detail, is the one who has made his educational preparation most useful. As a mere storage warehouse, for facts, beliefs, impressions, the human 74 THE THREE NATIONS mind is an unsatisfactory plant. It is too liable to error and too limited in its capacity. But, on the other side, when it is used as a macerator of information, a molding, developing, forming, and re-forming mechanism, it does its best work. To do that work, it must possess the qualities of boldness, originality, confidence. It must be capable of sustained and well-directed effort. So, to the young men and women in cap and gown, gath- ered here and on a thousand other platforms to receive the testimonies that they have completed their allotted academic courses, I would plead that they recognize that, after all, the effectiveness of their educational effort will at last be in pro- portion to their recognition that it is only preparation and not conclusion. There is no such thing as finished education. The wisest person that ever lived took his last observation of life and living into a mind which was still in the processes of prep- aration. It is, I tliink, a part of our national good fortune that we have viewed culture from this standpoint. I think the college graduate who imagines himself at the completion of his edu- cation is one of the most pathetic human spectacles we have to view. Fortunately, he is not nearly so numerous as the humorous paragraphers would have us believe. Fortunately, also, in case he may be too well endowed with self-esteem and confidence, the world has special facilities for rapidly and efficaciously reducing the excess of assurance. Its democracy is one of the fine things about our American system of higher education. It is almost invariably true that any young man or woman, who earnestly wishes it, may attain the privileges of the best educational preparation. There is, thank God, no caste system here. All kinds of ex- perience, of social background, of ancestry, of tradition, of training are brought together in the melting pot of the Amer- ican college or university. Neither social nor intellectual THE THREE NATIONS 75 snobbery is likely very long to survive such experience. That is why education, when it is of the right sort, is the greatest leveling and democratizing influence we can find. It incul- cates a realization of true standards, an appreciation of the fact that differences in estate and fortune are, after all, but the superficialities of life as compared to the fundamentals of character, ambition, and determined . purpose. To what- ever extent it fails to impress this conception of the democ- racy of intellect, education will brand itself a failure. The young men and women who are coming upon the world's stage today, equipped to take their parts as leaders, will find themselves welcomed as their predecessors have not always been in other times. Humanity is seeking as it never sought before for those who can see widely, clearly, fear- lessly; who will be capable of determining what is sound and what is right, and courageous enough to stand for it, though they stand alone. Interrogation points have been written in the blood and sufferings of countless millions, at the end of a thousand statements of what a little time ago we deemed the very basic principles of economies, of sociology, of interna- tional relationships, of public policy and human justice. We must have that faculty of fine discrimination which shall un- derstand what is good, true, and reliable, and what is false, unjust, and vicious. I have known somewhat intimately a good many young people who have been growing into their years of maturity within the time of the great crisis through which the world has been and is still passing. My observation of them and of their attitudes toward life has given me, I may tell you, a greater confidence in our future than seems to be reflected in the pessimistic observations of some who would have us be- lieve that, because our young people nowadays see things differently than we older ones saw them, the youth of today must somehow be a bit degenerate. On the other hand, I am convinced that their early introduction to the realities of life 76 THE THREE NATIONS has given to the youth of our day a truer perspective, a better appraisal of human and social values. I have faith to believe that success, in the minds of educated young people today, means less in terms of dollars than it did two generations, or a generation, or a decade ago, and that it means more in terms of sincere human service than it ever did before. If I am right, then surely we have accomplished much for the bet- terment of mankind; for it is a great thing to have implanted such a spirit, such a purpose, such a vision, in the minds and souls of those who are to direct our future. This we have done to a greater extent in our generation than ever before in a like period. The world and its experience constitute the greater uni- versity in which all of you have yet to complete, so far as it is humanly possible, your education. I pray you to go out to it without too much thought of personal rewards, of indi- vidual gains ; and yet, not to thrust these considerations en- tirely aside. Be generous, but do not dissipate your capital of knowledge and ability in aimless, useless generosities. Hold true to those ideals which your own country and its institutions represent. We Americans will best help mankind at large if we most earnestly sustain men immediately about us. Let us make our America the best place on earth in which men and women may dwell. Let us make it an example to all others, an inspiration and a model. It has been our privi- lege to see this country which we love called upon to redress the wrongs of a world, to restore the balance of civilization. We could not have played that part had we not first been true to ourselves, confident of our destiny, assured of our right- eousness and of the power inherent in our concept of right- eousness. Let us go on, holding fast to what, in the great trial, has been proven good, seeking to make it better, stronger, and more unselfish. Let us place a firm reliance in our des- tiny and let us seek to realize that destiny through unceasing effort and unfaltering devotion. THE THREE NATIONS 77 Humanity never needed broad, illuminated understanding more than it does now. It must needs lean heavily upon those to whom it has given its best of opportunity for preparation. Those who today hold aloft as best they can the standard of civilization and progress must presently pass it on to you who are just entering upon your responsibilities. I can think of no greater service I could render than to impress upon every graduate of this June the part that awaits him in humanity's affairs, if he will but realize it. Therefore, I implore a dedica- tion to common service, to human betterment, to civilization's advancement, on the part of these young people who at last must so largely direct the affairs of country and of society in the hard but very hopeful times which lie ahead. After the deeply impressive address of President Harding, "The Marseillaise" was sung v^ith thrilling effect by Lieut. Jean J. Labat, of the French Embassy. ADDRESS OF THE HONORABLE JEAN J. JUSSERAND AMBASSADOR FROM FRANCE The prosperity of our neighbors in the end is our own, and the poverty of our neighbors becomes also in the end our ozvn. — Ruskin. ADDRESS OF DR. JUSSERAND. Introduction of the French Ambassador. Bishop Hamilton : There is no gratitude like that which responds to the rescuer of one's life from danger and death. A drowning girl feels an obligation to marry the man who rescues her from a watery grave. When the Marquis de Lafayette, marching in Virginia, and Count Rochambeau, sweeping the coast from the Hudson to the Chesapeake, finished at Yorktown, the French and Amer- ican armies were betrothed. When they finished in Flanders the wedding was consummated. We are here now to receive the blessing of France at the hands of the French Ambassador, the Honorable J. J. Jusserand. Dr. Jusserand : Mr. President, Mr. Chancellor, Ladies and Gentlemen : After the words we have heard from the Chief of the State, words full of wisdom, of good will, of humanity, and which will be overheard in other lands besides this one, who can dare speak? Not L If I speak, it is not because I dare, but because I am bidden. How could I disobey when I have such a debt of gratitude to the one who bade me? We happened to return together to America, in the same ship, during the anxious days of August, 1914, before any one could tell for sure whether a General Joffre would win a battle of the Marne. We trusted that he would, and so did your Chancellor, offering prayers for the success of the great cause which we were defending, and which you were, one day to defend too, with what success, all the world knows. In its efforts toward better days, mankind suddenly rises at times, then falls back, but usually not so low as its starting point, so that part of its gains remain permanent and the 80 Dr. J. J. JussEKAND THE THREE NATIONS 81 ascent continues. Yorktown and American independence, our revolutions of 1789, 1830, and 184.8, with their immense influ- ence in Europe; the great war in which the three Yorktown nations, now united at last, and, we feel confident, forever, took such a prominent part, were events of this sort. The foundation of your University is the result of one of those deep movements involving the generality of men. The King's Counsel from Canada was considering a moment ago what were the thoughts of your founders. Those thoughts and the possibility of the foundation are a consequence of a pro- found transformation which took place in the world, and espe- cially in England, during the first half of the eighteenth century, the seat of which was less apparent than the trenches at Yorktown or the forts at Verdun, and was men's hearts. Studying the manners of the day, and the mass of writings published at the time when, having received the scepter from Dryden, Alexander Pope reigned over the realm of letters, one is struck by the extreme dryness of the literary king and of his subjects. Clear-sighted, sceptical, ironical, vindictive, doubting all that they could not see, including their own hearts (because they could not see them), having but scorn for sentiment, they perpetuated throughout their days, "the drought of March," to borrow a word from old Chaucer. Theologians, philosophers, poets and novelists, belonged most of them to this intellectual school of dryness. Pope would, to please his teacher, Bolingbroke, write a poem to show that all is for the best in this world, and so write it as to leave his readers persuaded that all is bad, and that there is no remedy and that life is scarcely worth living. Those poets offer to our sight metallic gardens, all glitter and no sweet- ness, with bright birds, which are stuffed birds, and tin roses with a smell of varnish and no perfume. Much of what hap- pens to Robinson Crusoe touches his readers because they have a sensitive heart, but he himself is scarcely touched at all. Freed from his island and returning home after twenty-eight 82 THE THREE NATIONS years of absence, he first ascertains what has become of the money he had left, afterwards only whether his father and mother are alive, and finds that they are not, but that two of his sisters survive, who probably said, "Glad to see you." But he does not go so far as to tell us. All know the immense change which took place even before the middle of the century, when one after the other, warm- hearted all of them, the friends of man and beast, of all that lives and can suffer, caring little for the acrobatics of mere wit and much for the play of sentiment and afifections, men like Johnson, Richardson, Fielding, Goldsmith, came to the front. Tolerance, kindliness, good will, a fondness for the masses, which was a return to what forms the basis of Christianity, now predominated. The movement had begun with men like Steele, Addison, William Law, when the other tendency was at its height : the oncoming of every season can be detected before the next begins. Law, who like Addison, was persuaded that to give virtue repellent features was not a way to make her attractive, published in 1729 his Serious Call to a Devout and Holy Life, and adorned it with charm- ing portraits and characters, true to nature all of them, like that of saintly Miranda, and that Flavia, of the world worldly, not a bad girl, but not a model one, who, when there is a collection for some good work, "and she likes the person who makes the proposal," will give half a crown, and add : "If you knew what a long milliner's bill I have just received, you would think it a great deal for me to give." Law's virtues and kindliness, his good will to all, attracted many who, tired of the ambient scepticism and dryness, longed for better things and a more complete development of man's nature. Among those who came to listen to the "Sage of Putney," and were strongly influenced by him were two young men, the two brothers, John and Charles Wesley. In the great renovation which took place during the second part of the eighteenth century, John Wesley's role was of THE THREE NATIONS 83 paramount importance. Place was found in his great heart for all sufferers and outcasts, prisoners, people in want, poor children, illiterates. Having a clear mind as well as a warm heart, he managed to help his followers both materially and morally, organizing love feasts for men to better understand, and come nearer to, each other, and a system of loans to assist them in their undertakings. Traveling, preaching, writing ceaselessly, covering between four and five thousand miles in a year, reading on horseback books of religion, history, lit- erature, the Odyssey for example, visiting not only England but Ireland and America, "always in haste," he said, "never in a hurry," he came in contact with people innumerable and his influence was immense. On Americans, when they began their struggle for liberty, he wrote memorable words. His letter to Lord North and Lord Dartmouth is, or should be, famous. He changed his mind, it is true, after having read Dr. Johnson's pamphlet, "Taxation No Tyranny" (which depends; sometimes it is, sometimes not) ; but let us rather remember his first and more spontaneous movement, when he expressed himself thus : "I cannot avoid thinking if I think at all, that these our oppressed people asked for nothing more than their legal rights; and that in the most modest and inoffensive manner which the nature of the thing would allow. But waiving this, waiving all considerations of right and wrong, I ask, is it common sense to use force toward the Americans? * * * Whatever has been affirmed, these men will not be frightened. Some of our officers say: 'Two thousand men will clear America of these rebels.' No, nor twenty thousand, nor per- haps treble that number, be they rebels or not. They are as strong, as valiant as you, if not more, for our soldiers fight for pay and they, on the contrary, are one and all enthusiasts, enthusiasts for liberty. And, while they are contending pro avis et focis, for their wives, children, liberty * * * are we sure that our neighbors will stand stock still?" 84 THE THREE NATIONS The words of a prophet, including even the part to be played by France, fell that day, 14th of June, 1775, from the lips of John Wesley. You have not changed ; neither have we ; both our nations continue to be capable of the utmost efforts, careless of risks, when a great idea, or a deep sentiment is at stake. Both our nations surpassed themselves in the great war, you coming three thousand miles away to put in the balance the weight of your unconquered sword, and finding then, on the same side of the trench those whom we shall ever he happy to call our British friends. The three flags just now displayed in front of us differ in their arrangement of colors, but the colors are the same, and one who sings of the red, white and blue evokes the idea of those three great peoples, with an incomparable past, and we hope, an incomparable future. Dr. Rowell praised you Americans for the fact that during more than a hundred years you have not been at war with England. Well, I do not see why I should not praise France, for we, too, have en- joyed and greatly enjoyed a more than centennial peace with England ; with more merit even, so much older, and more persistent than yours was our custom of being almost cease- lessly at war with her. But after the great deeds of the great war, now that the poppies of Flanders' fields are drop- ping their red petals on the tombs of those from our three countries who died for liberty, nothing we trust will ever disunite our three colored flags, sacred emblems of the same cause, both in war and peace. In this University, the principles of John Wesley, irre- spective of any particular tenet, will be faithfully adhered to. All will remember that any who may be tempted to swerve from the rule of tolerance, patience and good will ceases to be his pupil. All will remember that in accordance with the forceful words of a French thinker of the sixteenth century, Rabelais, "Science without conscience is the death of the soul." THE UNIVERSITY ABROAD Tlie true university of these days is a good master, worthy student, and God to defend them as their cause is just. THE UNIVERSITY GRADUATES Bishop Hamilton : I have already stated to the audience the necessity for the departure of the President and Mrs. Harding at four o'clock. I think we have time enough to conclude our exercises, but if we should not and the band must go, then we want the rest of you to stay! I say this because I know that you are interested to be here. We have nothing now but the graduation, the conferring of degrees, and the announcement of the fellowships. The several Deans of the University presented to the Chan- cellor the following graduates to receive their respective degrees : David Joseph Shorb, A. B., Master of Art. Thesis: A Special Treatise of Federal Taxation as Applied to Cor- porations. Charles Emile Morganston, Jr., B. S., LL. M., Master of Arts. Thesis : The Treaty-Making Power and Its Limitations. Simeon Cruz Capule, LL. M., Master of Laws in Diplomacy. Thesis : The Constitutional Relation of the Philippine Islands with the United States. Henry Chung, A. M., Doctor of Philosophy. Thesis : The Case of Korea. Henry Clay Keene, LL. M., Doctor of Civil Law. Thesis : The Antecedents of the Commerce Clause. Zhivoin Kittich, LL. B., Doctor of Civil Law. Thesis : Serbia in International Treaties. Otto Erwin Koegel, LL. M., Doctor of Civil Law. Thesis : Common Law Marriage and Its Development in the United States. John Nelson Torvestad, B. S., LL. M., Doctor of Civil Law. Thesis : The Growth and Development of a National Police Power as Implied in the Constitutional Grant to Congress to Regulate Commerce "Among the Several States." 87 88 THE THREE NATIONS Edson Leone Whitney, Ph. D., LL. B., Doctor of Civil Law. Thesis : The Law of Strikes and Lockouts. Bishop Hamilton: Now, please, we will have time enough, I think, to sing the hymn that I trust we will all sing with heartiness and with the spirit of understanding, "Blest Be the Tie That Binds." Let us all rise. (The audience rose and sang the hymn designated.) CONCLUDING EXERCISES Three Empires by the sea, Three Nations great and free, One Anthem raise. One race of ancient fame, One laiv, one faith, ive claim, One God whose glorious name We love and praise. ANNOUNCEMENT OF FELLOWSHIPS. Bishop Hamilton : We all sympathize with disappointment, and possibly never more than when the persons disappointed are in their young manhood or young womanhood ; but this is a world of rivalry, and we can not all, when we are com- peting for a prize, obtain the crown, when it is not offered to everyone that competes. So today we must simply say that some of these persons came very near to the goal, but we are here to announce only seven persons who have received the fellowships of the University. We are fast equipping our- selves for bringing all these persons to find facilities for con- tinuing their study in the American University. I take pleasure now, in the midst of the disappointments of these who may be defeated, in saying, another chance ahead, try again. You are near, and not far, from "the consummation devoutly to be wished." Cheer up, young people; the whole world is ahead of you, and it's wide enough for you to suc- ceed somewhere and sometime. I congratulate the notable seven who have learned "the race by vigor not by vanities is won." The names of these successful candidates for fellow- ships are: Erwin Ransdell Goodenough, James E. A. John- stone, Frederick P. Myers, Lester Bowers Pearson, Mary Lois Raymond, George J. Schulz, Edwin Edgar Voigt. Let us unite now to sing "The Battle Hymn of the Re- public," and then the doxology and the benediction will be pronounced by the Rev. John R. Edwards, D. D., District Superintendent of the Washington District. (The audience sang the hymn indicated.) Let me ask the audience please after the benediction to re- main in their places until the President and Mrs. flarding have gone to their carriage. 91 92 THE THREE NATIONS BENEDICTION. Dr. Edwards : The peace of God, which passeth all under- standing, keep your hearts and minds in the knowledge and love of God, and of His Son Jesus Christ, our Lord. And the blessing of God, the Father Almighty, the Son and the Holy Spirit, rest upon and remain with you always. Amen.