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PROTHALAMION 
 
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 L. 
 
 EDMUND SPENSER 
 
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 NEW YORK: 
 
 Maynard, Mieeiil, & Co., 
 
 29, 31, amd 33 East Nineteenth Street. 
 
MAYNARD'S 
 ENGLISH CLASSIC SERIES, 
 
 For Classes In English Literature, Reading, Grammar, etc. 
 
 EDITED BY EMINENT AMERICAN AND ENGLISH SCHOLARS. 
 
 Booh Volume contains a Sketch of the Author's Life, Prefatory and Explanatory Note*, etc,, etc 
 
 12 
 
 24 
 
 Byron*! Prophecy of Dante. (Cantos 
 
 I. and II.) 
 Milton's L' Allegro, and II Penseroso. 
 Lord Bacon's Essays, Civil and Moral. 
 
 (Selected.) 
 Byron's Prisoner of Chillon. 
 Moore's Fire Worshippers. (Lalla 
 
 Rookh. Selected.) 
 Goldsmith's Deserted Tillage* 
 Scott's Marmion. (Selections from 
 
 Canto VI.) 
 Scott's Lay of the Last Minstrel. 
 
 (Introduction and Canto I.) 
 Burns's Cotter's Saturday Night, 
 
 and other Poems. 
 Crabbe's The Tillage. 
 Campbell's Pleasures of Hope.(Abridg 
 
 ment of Part I.) 
 Macaulay's Essay on Banyan's Pil- 
 grim's Progress. 
 Macaulay's Armada, and other Poems 
 Shakespeare's Merchant of Tenice. 
 
 (Selections from Acts I. , III. , and IV.) 
 Goldsmith's Traveler. 
 Hogg's Queen's Wake. (Selections.) 
 Coleridge's Ancient Mariner. 
 Addison's Sir Boger de Coverley. 
 Gray's Elegy in a Country Churchyard. 
 Scott's Lady of the Lake. (Canto I.) 
 Shakespeare's As You Like It, etc. 
 
 (Selections.) 
 Shakespeare's King John, and Bich- 
 
 ard III. (Selections.) 
 Shakespeare's Henry IT., Henry T. 
 
 Henry VI., and Bichard III. (Selec 
 
 tions.) 
 Shakespeare's Henry Till., and Julius 
 
 Caesar. (Selections.) 
 Wordsworth's Excursion. (Book I.) 
 Pope's Essay on Criticism. 
 Spenser's Faerie Queene. (Cantos I. 
 
 and II.) 
 Cowper's Task. (Book I.) 
 Milton's Comus. 
 Tennyson's Enoch Arden, The Lotus 
 
 Eaters, Ulysses, and Tithonus. 
 Irving's Sketch Book. (Selections.) 
 Bickeii8's Christmas Carol. (Condsd.) 
 Carlyle's Hero as Prophet. 
 Macaulay's Warren Hastings. (Con- 
 densed.) 
 Goldsmith's Ticar of Wakefield. 
 
 (Condensed.) 
 Tennyson's The Two ToiceSt and A 
 
 Cream of Fair Women. 
 Memory Quotations. 
 Cavalier Poets. 
 Dryden'e Alex*nriAr*« feast, Mac- 
 
 Flecknot,, and St. Cecilia's Day. 
 — *— *— g m i — ■ . . i 
 
 40 Keats's The Ere of St. Agnes. 
 
 41 Irving' s Legend of Sleepy Hollow. 
 
 42 Lamb's Tales from Shakespeare. 
 
 43 Le Bow's How to Teach Beading. 
 
 44 Webster's Bunker Hill Orations. 
 
 45 The Academy Orthoepist. A Manual 
 
 of Pronunciation. 
 
 46 Milton's Ljcidas, and Hymn on the 
 
 Nativity. 
 
 47 Bryant's Thanatopsis, and other Poems 
 
 48 Buskin's Modern Painters. (Selections.) 
 
 49 The Shakespeare Speaker. 
 
 50 Thackeray's Roundabout Papers. 
 
 51 Webster's Oration on Adams and Jef- 
 
 ferson. 
 
 52 Brown's Bab and His Friends. 
 
 53 Morris's Life and Death of Jason. 
 
 54 Burke's Speech on Americau Taxation. 
 
 55 Pope's Bape of the Lock. 
 
 56 Tennyson's Elaine. 
 
 57 Tennyson's In Memoriam. (Condsd.) 
 
 58 Church's Story of the J£neid. (Abgd.) 
 
 59 Church's Story of the Iliad. (Abgd.) 
 
 60 Swift's Gulliver's Toyage to Lilliput. 
 
 61 Macaulay's Essay on Lord Bacon. 
 
 (Condensed.) 
 
 62 The Alcestis of Euripides. English 
 
 Version by Rev. R. Potter, M.A. 
 
 63 The Antigone of Sophocles. English 
 
 Version by Thos. Francklin, D.D. 
 
 64 Elizabeth Barrett Browning. (Se- 
 
 lected Poems ) 
 
 65 Bobert Browning. (Selected Poems.) 
 
 66 Addison's Spectator. (Selections.) 
 
 67 Scenes from George Eliot's Adam Bede. 
 
 68 Matt he>r A mold 'sCultu re and Anarchy. 
 
 69 DeOuincey's Joan of Arc. 
 
 70 Carlyle's Essay on Burns. 
 
 71 Byron's Childe Harold's Pilgrimage. 
 
 (Cantos I. and II.) 
 
 72 Poe's Baven, and other Poems. 
 73-74 Macaulay's Lord Clive. (Double 
 
 Number.) 
 
 75 Webster's Beply to Hayne. 
 
 76-77 Macaulay's Lays of Ancient Borne. 
 (Double Number.) (Selections.) 
 
 78 American Patriotic Selections : Dec- 
 laration of Independence, Washing- 
 ton's Farewell Address, Lincoln's 
 Gettysburg Speech, etc. 
 
 79-80 Scott's Lady of the Lake. (Con- 
 densed.) 
 
 81-82 Scott's Marmion. (Condensed.) 
 
 83-84 Pope's Essay on Man. 
 
 85 Shelley's Skylark, Adonais, and other 
 
 Poems. 
 
 86 Dickens's Cricket on the Hearth. 
 
 (Abridged.) 
 
 87 Spencer's Philosophy of Style. 
 
EDMUND SPENSER 
 
MAYNARD'S ENGLISH CLASSIC SERIES.— No. 27 
 
 THE 
 
 FAERIE QUEENE 
 
 CANTOS I.— II. 
 
 AND THE PROTHALAMION 
 
 By EDMUND SPENSER 
 
 Library of Concn 
 
 Two Copies Recei* 
 ^ JAN 19 191 
 
 r\ Copyright entry 
 
 SECOND COPY 
 
 WITH PREFATORY AND EXPLANATORY NOTES 
 
 NEW YORK 
 
 Maynard, Merrill, & Co. 
 
 29, 31, and 33 East Nineteenth Street 
 
 New Series, No. 23. January 8, 1S98. Published Semi-weekly. Subscription Price, $10. 
 Entered at Post Office, New York, as Secoud-class Matter. 
 
 M 
 
A Complete Course in the Study of English, 
 
 Spelling, Language, Grammar, Composition, Literature. 
 
 Reed's Word Lessons— A Complete Speller. 
 Reed's Introductory Language Work. 
 
 Reed & Kellogg's Graded Lessons in English. 
 Reed & Kellogg's Higher Lessons in English. 
 
 Reed & Kellogg's One-Book Course in English, 
 Kellogg & Reed's Word Building. 
 
 Kellogg & Reed's The English Language. 
 Kellogg's Text-Book on Rhetoric. 
 Kellogg's Illustrations of Style. 
 
 Kellogg's Text-Book on English Literature. 
 
 In the preparation of this series the authors have had one object 
 clearly in view — to so develop the study of the English language as 
 Co present a complete, progressive course, from the Spelling-Book to 
 the study of English Literature. The troublesome contradictions 
 which arise in using books arranged by different authors on these 
 subjects, and which require much time for explanation in the school- 
 room, will be avoided by the use of the above " Complete Course." 
 
 Teachers are earnestly invited to examine these books. 
 
 MAYNARD, MERRILL, & Co., Publishers, 
 
 New York. 
 
LIFE OF SPENSER. 
 
 Edmund Spehser is supposed to have been born in the year 1553, in 
 East Smithfield, London. Little or nothing is known of his parents: he 
 claimed connection with the noble House of Spencer or Spenser, and the 
 relationship was recognised by the principal branches of that family. 
 He eLtered Pembroke Hall, Cambridge, as a sizar, May 20,1569, and here 
 He ueems to have remained till he took his degree of M.A. in June 1576. 
 At college, one of his most intimate friends was Gabriel Harvey, himself 
 a poet, who first drew Spenser to London in 1578; Spenser, on quitting 
 the university, having gone to reside with some relations in the north of 
 England, possibly in the capacity of domestic tutor. In London, Spen- 
 ser became acquainted with Sir Philip Sidney, who took him for some 
 time to his seat of Penshurst in Kent. Here he probably wrote his 
 Shepherd's Calendar, his first published work. In 1580, Spenser accom- 
 panied as secretary Lord Grey of Wilton, appointed Lord deputy of Ire- 
 land ; and in 1586 he is found in possession of 3028 acres of land in the coun- 
 ty of Cork, presented to him for his services by Queen Elizabeth. Here 
 he lived till 1589, when he accompanied Raleigh to England; and in 1590 
 published the first three books of the Faerie Queene. In February 1591, 
 the Queen bestowed on Spenser a pension of £50, and in the same year 
 he published a volume of smaller poems. About this time he returned 
 to Ireland, where he lived, occasionally visiting England, till 1598. In 
 1595, he published a collection of sonnets entitled Amoretti; and, it is 
 supposed, about the same time married an Irish girl of great beauty, but 
 humble birth. In 1596, he presented to the Queen his prose work, A View 
 of the State of Ireland, not printed till 1633; and in the same year he 
 published three more books of the Faerie Queene, together with a new 
 edition of the first three. In October 1598, the insurrection known as 
 " Tyrone's Rebellion " broke out in Ireland, spreading confusion and 
 desolation over a great part of the land. Spenser was one of the suffer- 
 ers. All his property was plundered or destroyed, and his house burned, 
 he himself, along with his wife and two eldest sons, narrowly escaping 
 from tne flames. An infant was left behind, and burned to death among 
 the rains. He made his way to London and died, January 1599, of a 
 broken heart, at an inn in King Street, Westminster. The Earl of Essex 
 charged himself with the expenses of the funeral; and the poet was 
 buried in Westminster Abbey, close to the grave of Chaucer. His wife 
 survived him some time, and both his sons left descendants. 
 
 The Faerie Queene, intended by Spenser to have occupied twelve 
 books, is only little more than half finished. 
 
THE FAERY QUEENE. 
 
 When the " Faery Queene" first appeared, the -whole of Eng- 
 land seems to have been moved by it. No such poet had arisen 
 in this country for nearly two hundred years. Since Chaucer 
 and the author of "Piers Plowman" there had been no great 
 poem. The fifteeuth century had been almost a blank, the dark- 
 est period of our literary annals; the earlier part of the sixteenth 
 had been occupied with great theological questions, which had 
 engrossed men's minds till the long reign of Elizabeth gave sta- 
 bility to the Reformation in England, and the first fervor of the 
 Church writers subsided. The tone of society was favorable to 
 a work which, with a strong theological element in it, still dealt 
 with feats of chivalry and heroes of romance. The English mind 
 was filled with a sense of poetry yet unexpressed. Great deeds, 
 great discoveries, and men of capacity moving among them, had 
 roused the spirit of the nation. The people were proud of their 
 Queen and their freedom ; the new aristocracy was just feeling its 
 strength; it was a time of most varied life. Nothing was wanted 
 but a great poem to express the universal desire ; and Spenser 
 first, and then Shakespeare appeared, to fulfill the national 
 instinct. Drayton, Fletcher (in his "Purple Island"), Milton, 
 and perhaps Bunyan, show in their writings the effect of our 
 poet's genius. . . . 
 
 In speaking of Spenser, Milton did not hesitate to call him "a 
 better teacher than Scotus or Aquinas "—a better philosopher, 
 a purer moralist, than either one or other of the leaders of scholas- 
 tic lore; and we may re-echo his words without offense, when we 
 say that a young student is as likely to gain a vivid conception of 
 duty and virtue from his pages as from those works which deal 
 in a more exact manner with the moral constitution of man's 
 nature. Here the qualities and actions of man are set before us 
 in their living forms; the genius of the poet carries us along with 
 him: we personify with him; we enact the scenes which paint 
 the victory of Good over the monster dragon of Evil.— G. W. 
 Kitchin, D.D., Dean of Winchester. 
 
A LETTER OF THE AUTHORS, 
 
 EXPOUNDING HIS WHOLE INTENTION IN THE COURSE OF THIS WORKE: WHICH, 
 
 FOR THAT IT GIVETH GREAT LIGHT TO THE READER, FOR THE 
 
 BETTER UNDERSTANDING IS HEREUNTO ANNEXED. 
 
 TO THE RIGHT NOBLE AND VALOROUS 
 
 Sir AY ALTER RALEIGH, Knight. 
 
 LORD WARDEIN OF THE STANNERYES, AND HER MAIESTIES LIEFETENAUNT 
 OF THE COUNTY OF CORNEWAYLL. 
 
 Sir, knowing how doubtfully all Allegories may be construed, and this 
 booke of mine, which I have entituled the Faery Queene, being a con- 
 tinued allegory, or darke conceit, I haue thought good, as well for avoyd- 
 ing of gealous opinions and misconstructions, as also for your better 
 light in reading thereof, (being so by you commanded,) to discover unto 
 you the general intention and meaning, which in the whole course there- 
 of I have fashioned, without expressing of any particular purposes, or 
 by accidents, therein occasioned. The generall end therefore of all the 
 booke is to fashion a gentleman or noble person in vertuous and gentle 
 discipline: Which for that I conceived shoulde be most plausible and 
 pleasing, being coloured with an historical! fiction, the which the most 
 part of men delight to read, rather for variety of matter then for profite 
 of the ensample, I chose the historye of King Arthure, as most iltte for 
 the excellency of his person, being made famous by many mens former 
 workes, and also furthest from the daunger of envy, and suspition of 
 present time In which I have followed all the antique poets historicall: 
 first Homere, who in the persons of Agamemnon and Ulysses hath en 
 sampled a good governour and a vertuous man, the one in his /lias, the 
 other in his Odysseis: then Virgil, whose like intention was to doe in the 
 person of Aeneas: after him Ariosto comprised them both in his Orlan- 
 do: and lately Tasso dissevered them againe, and formed both parts in 
 two persons, namely that part which they in Philosophy call Ethice, or 
 vertues of a private man, coloured in his Rinaldo; the other named 
 Politice in his Godfredo. By ensample of which excellente poets, I 
 labour to pourtraict in Arthure, before he was king, the image of a 
 brave knight, perfected in the twelve private niorall vertues, as Aristotle 
 
6 THE FAERIE QUEENE. 
 
 hath devised: the which is the purpose of these first twelve bookes: 
 which if I finde to be well accepted, I may be perhaps encoraged to 
 frame the other part of polliticke vertues in his person, after that hee 
 came to be king. 
 
 To some, I know, this methode will seeme displeasaunt, which had 
 rather have good discipline delivered plainly in way of precepts, or ser- 
 moned at large, as they use, then thus clowdily enwrapped in allegori- 
 call devises. But such, me seeme, should be satisfide with the use of 
 these dayes, seeing all things accounted by their showes, and nothing 
 esteemed of, that is not delightfull and pleasing to commune sence. 
 For this cause is Xenophon preferred before Plato, for that the one, in 
 the exquisite depth of his judgement, formed a commune-welth, such as 
 it should be; but the other in the person of Cyrus, and the Persians, 
 fashioned a government, such as might best be: So much more profit- 
 able and gratious is doctrine by ensample, then by rule. So haue I 
 laboured to doe in the person of Arthure: whome I conceive, after his 
 long education by limon, to whom he was by Merlin delivered to be 
 brought up, so soone as he was borne of the Lady Igrayne, to have seene 
 in a dream or vision the Faery Queene, with whose excellent beauty 
 ravished, he awaking resolved to seeke her out; and so being by Merlin 
 armed, and by Timon throughly instructed, he went to seeke her forth 
 in Faerye land. In that Faery Queene I meane Glory in my generall in- 
 tention, but in my particular I conceive the most excellent and glorious 
 person of our soveraine the Queene, and her kingdome in Faery lande. 
 And yet, in some places els, I doe otherwise shadow her. For consider- 
 ing she beareth two persons, the one of a most royall Queene or Em- 
 presse, the other of a most vertuous and beautiful Lady, this latter part 
 in some places I doe expresse in Belphcebe, fashioning her name accord- 
 ing to your owne excellent conceipt of Cynthia, (Phoebe and Cynthia 
 being both names of Diana.) So in the person of Prince Arthure I sette 
 forth magnificence in particular; which vertue, for that (according to 
 Aristotle and the rest) it is the perfection of all the rest, and conteineth 
 in it them all, therefore in the whole course I mention the deedes of 
 Arthure applyable to that vertue, which I write of in that booke. But 
 of the xii. other vertues, I make xii. other knights the patrones, for the 
 more variety of the history: Of which these three bookes contayn three. 
 
 The first of the knight of the Redcrosse, in whome I expresse Holynes: 
 The seconde of Sir Guyon, in whome I sette forth Temperaunce: The 
 third of Britomartis, a Lady Knight, in whome I picture Chastity. But, 
 because the beginning of the whole worke seemeth abrupte, and as de- 
 pending upon other antecedents, it needs that ye know the occasion of 
 these three knights seuerall adventures. For the methode of a poet 
 historical is not such, as of an Historiographer. For an historiographer 
 discourseth of affayres orderly as they were donne, accounting as w r ell 
 the times as the actions; but a poet thrusteth into the middest, even 
 where it most concerneth him, and there recoursing to the thinges fore- 
 paste and divining of thinges to come, maketh a pleasing Analysis of all. 
 
 The beginning therefore of my history, if it were to be told by an 
 historiographer should be the twelfth booke, which is the last; where I 
 Revise that the Faery Queene kept her annuall feaste xii. dayes: uppon 
 
*HE FAERIE QtJEEKE. 7 
 
 which xii. severall dayes, the occasions of the xii. severall adventures 
 hapned, which, being undertaken by xii. severall knights, are in these 
 xii. books severally handled and discoursed. The first was this. In the 
 beginning of the feast, there presented him selfe a tall clownishe younge 
 man, who falling before the Queene of Faries desired a boone (as the 
 manner then was) which during that feast she might not refuse; which 
 was that hee might have the atchievement of any adventure, which dur- 
 ing that feaste should happen: that being graunted, he rested him on 
 the floore, unfitte through his rusticity for a better place. Soone after 
 entred a faire Ladye in mourning weedes, riding on a white Asse, with a 
 dwarfe behind her leading a warlike steed, that bore the Armes of a 
 knight, and his speare in the dwarfes hand. She, falling before the 
 Queene of Faeries, complayned that her father and mother, an ancient 
 King and Queene, had bene by an huge dragon many years shut up in a 
 brasen Castle, who thence suffred them not to yssew; and therefore be- 
 sought the Faery Queene to assj-gne her some one of her knights to take 
 on him that exployt. Presently that clownish person, upstarting, desired 
 that adventure : whereat the Queene much wondering, and the Lady much 
 gainesaying, yet he earnestly importuned his desire. In the end the 
 Lady told him, that unlesse that armour which she brought, would serve 
 him (that is, the armour of a Christian man specified by St. Paul, vi. 
 Ephes.) that he could not succeed in that enterprise; which being forth- 
 with put upon him, with dewe furnitures thereunto, he seemed the good- 
 liest man in all that company, and was well liked of the Lady. And 
 eftesoones taking on him knighthood, and mounting on that straunge 
 courser, he went forth with her on that adventure: where beginneth the 
 first booke, viz. 
 
 A gentle knight was pricking on the playne, &c. 
 
 The second day ther came in a Palmer, bearing an Infant with blood;* 
 hand's, whose Parents he complained to have bene slayn by an Enchaunt- 
 eresse called Acrasia; and therefore craved of the Faery Queene to 
 appoint him some knight to performe that adventure; which being 
 assigned to Sir Guyon, he presently went forth with that same Palmer: 
 which is the beginning of the second booke, and the whole subject there- 
 of. The third day there came in a Groome, who complained before the 
 Faery Queene, that a vile Enchaunter, called Busirane, had in hand a 
 most faire Lady, called Amoretta, whom he kept in most grievous tor- 
 ment, because she would not yield him the pleasure of her body. Where- 
 upon Sir Scudamour, the lover of that Lady, presently tooke on him that 
 adventure. But being vnable to performe it by reason of the hard en- 
 chauntments, after long sorrow, in the end met with Britomartis, who 
 succoured him, and reskewed his loue. 
 
 But by occasion hereof m^ny other adventures are intermedled; but 
 rather as accidents then intendments: As the love of Britomart, the 
 overthrow of Marinell, the misery of Florimell, the vertuousnes of Bel- 
 phoebe, the lasciviousnes of Hellenora, and many the like. 
 
 Thus much, Sir, I have briefly overronne to direct your understanding 
 
b TfiE FAERIE QUEEKE. 
 
 to the wel-head of the History; that from thence gathering the whole 
 intention of the conceit, ye may as in a handfull gripe al the discourse, 
 winch otherwise may happily seeme tedious and confused. So, humbly 
 craving the continuance of your honorable favour towards me, and th' 
 eternail establishment of your happines, I humbly take leave. 
 
 23. Ianuary 1589. 
 Yours most humbly affectionate, 
 
 Ed. Spenser. 
 
 ABBREVIATIONS. 
 
 Ar.., Arabic. 
 
 A.S Anglo-Saxon. 
 
 bk book. 
 
 c . . „ canto. 
 
 ch chapter. 
 
 comp comparative. 
 
 Dan Danish . 
 
 Eng English. 
 
 Fr French. 
 
 Gael Gaelic. 
 
 Ger German. 
 
 Goth Gothic. 
 
 Gr Greek. 
 
 Ice Icelandic. 
 
 Inf ..Infinitive. 
 
 Introd Introduction. 
 
 Ital Italian. 
 
 L Latin. 
 
 lit literal or -ly. 
 
 orig original or -ly. 
 
 pa.p past particle. 
 
 pa.t past tense. 
 
 pi plural. 
 
 Port Portuguese. 
 
 pr.p present participle 
 
 prob .probably. 
 
 prov provincial. 
 
 Provl Provencal. 
 
 Sc Scotch. 
 
 Sp Spanish. 
 
 st stanza. 
 
 v verb. 
 
 [In the references, the first figure refers to the canto, the second to cha 
 stanza, and the third to the line.] 
 
THE FIRST BOOK 
 
 THE FAEEIE QTJEENE. 
 
 OONTAYNING THE LEGEND OF THE KNIGHT OF THE RED CROSSE, OR OF 
 HOLINESSE. 
 
 t 
 
 Lo ! I, the man whose Muse whylome did maske, 
 As time' her taught, in lowly Shepheards weeds, 
 Am now enforst, a farre unfitter taske, 
 For trumpets sterne to chaunge mine oaten reeds, 
 And sing of knights and ladies gentle deeds; 
 Whose praises having slept in silence long, 
 Me, all to meane, the sacred Muse areeds 
 To blazon broade emongst her learned throng: 
 Fierce wanes and faithful loves shall moralize my song. 
 
 II. 
 
 Helpe then, O holy virgin, chiefe of nyne, 
 Thy weaker Novice to performe thy will; 
 Lay forth out of thine everlasting scryne 
 The antique rolles, which there lye hidden still, 
 
 1 1 Ia>! I, the man.— Imitated from the lines prefixed to Virgil's 
 JEneid.-whylome, once, formerly. A.S. hivilon hwdun .awhile for a 
 while or time.-maske, to be disguised as in a mask or ■ a ; a masqueiade^ 
 Fr masque, perhaps from Ar. maskarah, an object of laughter, or low 
 
 L V H ?TheTheard a s h wleds.-Alluding to his Shepherd's Calendar, a 
 
 *T! ° f ol^^e V ^%K^^^V^s or Pan's pipe was made 
 l! 7. Areeds.- Counsels, advises, commands. Sc. rede or read, A.b 
 rce'dan, to declare, raid, arced, counsel. 
 
 l" 9 Mo°™ *£e7-Make of the nature of a moral, moral-play, or moral 
 ity! a'kind of drama in which virtues and vices personified are the cnar 
 
 a< 2 e 7' Holy virgin, chiefe, etc.-Clio, the Muse of History and of 
 Epic Poetry, the first of the nine Muses. 
 
 2 2. Weaker Too or very weak. . 
 
 2. 3. Scryne.-An escritoire or writing-desk; old Fr escrin, A.S set in, 
 L. scrinium—scribo, to write. 
 
10 THE FAERIE QUEEN/E. 
 
 Of Faerie knights, and fay rest Tanaquili, 
 
 Whom that most noble Briton Prince so long 
 
 Sought through the world, and suffered so much ill, 
 
 That I must rue his undeserved wrong: 
 
 O, helpe thou my weake wit, and sharpen my dull tong! 
 
 in. 
 And thou, most dreaded impe of highest Jove, 
 Faire Venus sonne, that with thy crueli dart 
 At that good knight so cunningly didst rove, 
 That glorious fire it kindled in his hart; 
 Lay now thy deadly heben bowe apart, 
 And with thy mother mylde come to mine ayde; 
 Come, both; and with you bring triumphant Mart, 
 In loves and gentle jollities arraid, 
 After his murdrous spoyles and bloudie rage allayd. 
 
 rv. 
 
 And with them eke, O Goddesse heavenly bright, 
 Mirrour of grace and majestie divine, 
 Great ladie of the greatest isle, whose light 
 Like Phoebus lampe throughout the world doth shine, 
 Shed thy faire beames into my feeble eyne, 
 And raise my thoughtes, too humble and too vile, 
 To thinke of that true glorious type of thine, 
 The argument of mine afflicted stile: 
 The which to heare vouchsafe, O dearest dread, a while. 
 
 2. 5. Tanaquili.— An ancient British princess, intended to represent 
 Queen Elizabeth. 
 2. 6. Noble Briton Prince. — King Arthur. 
 
 2. 7. Ana suffered.— That is, for whom he suffered. 
 
 3. 1. Impe of, etc. — Cupid, son of Jove or Jupiter and Venus. Imp 
 here = shoot, offspring, child; A.S. impan, to graft. 
 
 3. 5. Heben Ebon. 
 
 3. 7. Mart.— Mars, god of war; L. Mars, Martis. 
 
 4. 1. Eke.— Also; v. eke. to increase; A.S. eac, also, eacan, to increase. 
 — Goddesse, etc., Queen Elizabeth. 
 
 4. 4. Phoebus lampe — The sun. See II. xxix. 3. 
 
 4. 5. Eyne, or eyea — Old pi. eye, still seen in children, kine, oxen, Sc 
 ihoon, etc. 
 
 4. 7. Type, etc.— Una, or Truth. 
 
 4. 8. Argument.— Subject— afflicted, low or lowly— stile, pen; the fine 
 means, " subject of my humble song." 
 
 4. 9. Dearest dread.— An expression of loving veneration, somewhat 
 «e the modern reverence; used in c. vi. 2. of Una. 
 
THE FAERIE QUEENE. 11 
 
 CANTO I. 
 
 [The Redcrosse Knight and Una, with her dwarf, caught by a storm, 
 are forced to seek shelter in a wood, which turns out to be the wood of 
 Error. Here the knight encounters Error, half serpent, half woman, in 
 her den. The knight attacks the monster, and slays it. After this, they 
 encounter 'an aged sire/ who turns out to be the enchanter Archimago, 
 with whom they went home. Archimago, by his witchcraft, makes the 
 knight believe that Una is unfaithful to him.] 
 
 The patron of true Holinesse, 
 
 Foule Errour doth defeate ; 
 Hypocrisie, him to entrappe, 
 
 Doth to his home entreate. 
 
 I. 
 
 A gentle Knight was pricking on the plaine, 
 Yclacld in mightie armes and silver shielde, 
 Wherein old dints of deepe wouudes did remaine, 
 The cruell markes of many a bloody fielde; 
 Yet armes till that time did he never wield: 
 His angry steede did chide his foming bitt, 
 As much disdayning to the curbe to yield: 
 Full jolly knight he seemd, and faire did sitt, 
 As one for knightly giusts and fierce encounters fitt. 
 
 II. 
 
 And on his brest a bloodie crosse he bore, 
 The deare remembrance of his dying Lord, 
 For whose sweete sake that glorious badge he wore, 
 And dead, as living ever, him ador'd: 
 Upon his shield the like was also scord, 
 
 1. 1. A gentle Knight. -The Redcrosse Knight, St. George, the tute- 
 lary saint of England. See his armor and the nature of his mission 
 described in the Author's Prefatory Letter. See also Note II. ii. 9.— 
 pricking, riding quickly or caperingly by pricking or spurring on his 
 horse. 
 
 1. 2. Ycladd — Clad. The y is the A.S. and old Eng. ge, often prefixed 
 to any part of the verb, but especially to the pa.p. ; in Ger. it is the sign 
 of the pa.p.— silver shielde. Hardyng, in his Chronicle, tell us that " a 
 shield of silver white," with "acros? endlong and overthwart full per- 
 fect," were regarded as St. George's arms. 
 
 1. 8. Jolly.— Handsome. Fr. jolt, good-looking. 
 
 1. 9. Giusts.— Jousts, tilts or encounters at a tournament; old Fr. 
 juste, Fr. joute, prob. from L. juxta, together; allied to jostle. 
 
 2. 4. And dead, etc.— "I am he that liveth, and was dead; and, bo- 
 hold, I am alive for evermore." Rev. i. 18. 
 
12 THE FAERIE QTJEENE. 
 
 For soveraine hope which in his helpe he had. 
 Right, faithfull, true he was in deede and word; 
 But of his cheere did seeme too solemne sad; 
 Yet nothing did he dread, but ever was ydrad. 
 
 in. 
 Upon a great adventure he was bond, 
 That greatest Gloriana to him gave, 
 (That greatest glorious queene of Faery lond,) 
 To winne him worshippe, and her grace to have, 
 Which of all earthly things he most did crave: 
 And ever as he rode his hart did earne 
 To prove his puissance in battell brave 
 Upon his foe, and his new force to learne; 
 Upon his foe, a dragon horrible and stearne. 
 
 rv. 
 
 A lovely ladie rode him faire beside, 
 Upon a lowly asse more white then snow, 
 Yet she much whiter; but the same did hide 
 Under a vele, that wimpled was full low; 
 And over all a blacke stole shee did throw: 
 As one that inly mournd, so was she sad, 
 And heavie sate upon her palfrey slow; 
 Seemed in heart some hidden care she had; 
 And by her in a line a milkewhite lambe she lad. 
 
 2. 6. For soveraine hope, etc.— That is, the cross scored on his 
 shield was a sign of the sovereign hope he had in the help of his Lord. 
 
 2. 8. Cheere.— Countenance, old Fr. chiere, Ital. cera, the counte- 
 nance; low L. cava, Gr. kara, head, face.— solemne sad, " solemnly- 
 grave, " or ■' solemn and grave." Sad, in old Eng., often means " grave," 
 R sedate." "staid." A.S. said, sated, weary; Ice. settr, sedate. 
 
 2. 9. Ydrad "Dreaded," pa.p. of dread. See Ycladd, I. i. 2. 
 
 3. 2. Gloriana.— Queen of Fairy Land, representative of Queen Eliza- 
 beth. See Author's Letter. 
 
 3. 4. "Worshippe.— Worthiness, honor; ivorth, and affix ship. 
 3. 6. Earne.— Yearn; hence earnest; A.S. georn, desirous. 
 
 3. 8. His foe — Probably popery. 
 
 4. 1. A lovely ladie.— Una, or Truth. See Author's Letter— faire, 
 fairly. According to R. Morris, -e is an early Eng. adverbial termination. 
 
 4. 4. Wimpled.— Plaited or folded like the white linen neckerchief 
 worn by nuns. A.S. icinpel; old Ger. wimpel, a veil, streamer; Fr. guimpe. 
 4. 5. Stole.— A long robe reaching to the feet. Gr. stole, a robe. 
 4. 6. Sad. See I. ii. 8 
 4. 8. Seemed.— That is, it seemed. 
 4. 9. Lad.— Led. 
 
THE FAERIE QUEEtfE. 13 
 
 V. 
 
 So pure and innocent, as that same lambe, 
 She was in life and every vertuous lore; 
 And by descent from royall lynage came, 
 Of ancient kinges and queenes, that had of yore 
 Their scepters stretcht from east to westerne shore, 
 And all the world in their subjection held; 
 Till that infernall feend with foule uprore 
 Forwasted all their land, and them expeld; 
 Whom to avenge she had this knight from far compeld. 
 
 VI. 
 
 Behind her farre away a dwarfe did lag, 
 That lasie seemd, in being ever last, 
 Or wearied with bearing of her bag 
 Of needments at his backe. Thus as they past, 
 The day with cloudes was suddeine overcast, 
 And angry Jove an hideous storme of raine 
 Did poure into his lemans lap so fast, 
 That everie wight to shrowd it did constrain; 
 And this faire couple eke to shroud themselves were fain. 
 
 VII. 
 
 Enforst to seeke some covert nigh at hand, 
 A shadie grove not fair away they spide, 
 That promist ayde the tempest to withstand; 
 Whose loftie trees, yclad with sommers pride, 
 Did spred so broad, that heavens light did hide, 
 
 5. 3. And by descent, etc.— Probably the Church of England is 
 meant here. 
 
 % 5. 8. Forwasted.— Utterly laid waste. For is an intensive prefix, as 
 in forego, forbid, forlorn = L. per, Ger. ver. 
 
 6. 1. A dwarfe.— Dwarfs, in the days of knight-errantry, were usual 
 attendants of ladies, to whom they were ever faithful. Here the dwarf 
 may represent Providence or Prudence, as he bears the " bag of need- 
 ments." 
 
 6. 5. Suddeine. See note I. iv. 1, faire. 
 
 6. 7. Lemans.— Mistress's— that is, the Earth, represented by the an- 
 cient Roman poets as the wife or mistress of Jupiter. Old Eng. lefman 
 = loveman, or loved one of either sex; from A.S. luf, loved, dear. 
 
 6. 8. Wight.— Person, creature. A.S. wiht— shrowd, to hide or take 
 shelter from, as under a shroud or covering. 
 
 6. 9. Eke. See Introduction, iv. I.— fain, glad, eager. A.S. fcecen, 
 glad: Goth, faginon. Ice. fagna, to be glad or joyful. 
 
 7. 2. A shadie grove.— The grove or wood of Error. 
 
14 THE FAERIE QUEENE. 
 
 Not perceable with power of any starr: 
 And all within were pathes and alleies wide, 
 With footing worne, and leading inward farr: 
 Faire harbour that them seems; so in they entred ar, 
 
 VIII. 
 
 And foorth they passe, with pleasure forward led. 
 Joying to heare the birds sweete harmony, 
 Which, therein shrouded from the tempest dred, 
 Seemd in their song to scorne the cruell sky. 
 Much can they praise the trees so straight and hy, 
 The say ling pine; the cedar proud and tall; 
 The vine-propp elme; the poplar never dry; 
 The builder oake, sole king of forrests all; 
 The aspine good for staves; the cypresse funerall; 
 
 IX. 
 
 The laurell, meed of mightie conquerours 
 And poets sage; the firre that weepeth still; 
 The willow, worne of forlorne paramours; 
 The eugh, obedient to the benders will; 
 The birch forshaftes; the sallow for the mill; 
 The mirrhe sweete-bleeding in the bitter wound; 
 The warlike beech; the ash for nothing ill; 
 The fruitfull olive; and the platane round; 
 The carver holme; the maple seeldom inward sound. 
 
 7. 9. Harbour.— Refuge. Old Eng. herbour, herbergh; A.S. hereberga, 
 a station or resting-place for an army — here, an ariny, and beorgan, to 
 protect. Ger. herberge; Fr. auberge. 
 
 8. 5. Can they praise.— Spenser sometimes uses "can" for "gan" 
 —that is, began. Here, however, this phrase may simplj- mean " they 
 praised." A similar description of trees is in Chaucer's Assembly of 
 Foides. 
 
 8. 6. Sayling pine.— Alluding to its use in ship-building. 
 8. 7. Vine-propp elme.— That is, the elm that props or supports 
 the vine. 
 
 8. 9. Cypresse funerall.— The cypress was of old planted over graves. 
 £. 2. The firre, etc.— From its exuding resin. 
 
 9. 4. The eugh, etc.— Bows were made of yew; Chaucer has "the 
 shoote: yew." 
 
 S. 6. The mirrhe, etc.— Prob. means the myrrh that exudes a sweet 
 gum from its wounded bark, which has a bitter taste. 
 
 9. 7. The warlike beech.— Possibly war-chariots were of old mad© 
 from beech, or some of the ancient war-weapons. 
 
 9. 8. Platane.— The plane-tree. Fr. plane, platane. 
 
THE FAERIE QUEEtfE. V> 
 
 X. 
 
 Led with delight, they thus beguile the way, 
 Untill the blustring storme is overblowue; 
 "When, weening to returne whence they did stray, 
 They cannot finde that path, which first was showne, 
 But wander too and fro in waies unknowne, 
 Furthest from end then, when they neerest weene, 
 That makes them doubt their wits be not their owne: 
 So many pathes, so many turnings seene, 
 That which of them to take in diverse doubt they been. 
 
 XI. 
 
 At last resolving forward still to fare, 
 Till that some end they finde, or in or out, 
 That path they take, that beaten seemd most bare, 
 And like to lead the labyrinth about ; 
 Which wh©n by tract they hunted had throughout^ 
 At length it brought them to a hollo we cave 
 Amid the thickest woods. The champion stout 
 Eftsoones dismounted from his courser brave, 
 And to the dwarfe a while his needless spere he gave. 
 
 xn. 
 
 " Be well aware," quoth then that ladie milde, 
 "Least suddaine mischiefe ye too rash provoke: 
 The danger hid, the place unknowne and wilde, 
 Breedes dreadfull doubts: oft fire is without smoke, 
 And perill without show: therefore your stroke, 
 Sir knight, with-hold, till further tryall made." 
 "Ah ladie," sayd he, "shame were to revoke 
 The forward footing for an hidden shade: 
 Vertue gives her selfe light through darknesse for to wade„ 
 
 10. 3. "Weening.— Thinking. A. S. wenan, to hope, expect. 
 
 10. 7. Doubt.— Fear, suspect, often used by Spenser in the sense. 
 Low L., dubito, to fear; Fr. redouter. 
 
 11. 1. Fare.-^Go. A.S. faran, Ger. fahren, to go. 
 
 11. 4. !Like to lead, etc.— That is, like to lead them round about the 
 mazes of the labyrinth till they came to its outlet. 
 11. 5. Tract.— Trace, beaten path. 
 11. 8. Eftsoones.— Soon after, straightway. Eft, s&me as aft. A.S. reft 
 
16 THE FAERIE QUEENE. 
 
 xrrt. 
 " Yea but," quoth she, " the perill of this place 
 I better wot then you: though nowe too late 
 To wish you backe returne with foule disgrace, 
 Yet wisedome warnes, whilest foot is in the gate, 
 To stay the steppe, ere forced to retrate. 
 This is the wandring wood, this Errours den, 
 A. monster vile, whom God and man does hate 
 Therefore I read beware." "Fly, fly," quoth then 
 The fearefull dwarf e, " This is no place for living men.' 
 
 xrv. 
 
 But, full of fire and greedy hardiment, 
 The youthfull knight could not for ought be staide; 
 But forth unto the darksom hole he went, 
 And looked in: his glistring armor made 
 A litle glooming light, much like a shade; 
 By which he saw the ugly monster plaine, 
 Halfe like a serpent horribly displaide, 
 But th'other halfe did womans shape retaine, 
 Most lothsom, filthie, foule, and full of vile disdaine. 
 
 XT. 
 
 And, as she lay upon the durtie ground, 
 Her huge long taile her den all overspred, 
 Yet was in knots and many boughtes upwound, 
 Pointed with mortall sting. Of her there bred 
 A thousand yong ones, which she dayly fed, 
 Sucking upon her poisnous dugs; each one 
 Of sundrie shapes, yet all ill-favored : 
 
 13. 2. "Wot.— Know. A.S. witan; hence wit. 
 
 13. 8. Read.— Advise. See Introduction, note i. 7. 
 
 14. 1. Greedy hardiment.— Hardiness, or hardihood, greedy or eagei 
 for an adventure. 
 
 14. 5. Glooming light.— Compare Sc. gloaming, twilight. 
 
 14. 6. The ugly monster. — Falsehood or Error. Her shape is sup- 
 posed to be taken from Hesiod's monster, Echidna. See also Rev. ix. 
 7-10. 
 
 14. 9. Full of vile disdaine.— Calculated to fill an onlooker with vile 
 disdain. 
 
 15. 3. Boughtes.— Bends, folds. Allied to bough and how, from A.S. 
 bugan, to bend; Sc. bucht, a sheep-fold. 
 
 15. 4. Bred.— "Were bred or born. 
 
 15. 7. Of sundrie shapes.— Prob. meaning that each one could 
 assume various shapes; error is manifold. 
 
THE FAERIE QUEENE. 17 
 
 Soone as that uncouth light upon them shone, 
 
 Into her mouth they crept, and suddain all were gone. 
 
 XVI. 
 
 Their dam upstart out of her den effraide, 
 And rushed forth, hurling her hideous taile 
 About her cursed head; whose folds displaid 
 Were stretcht now forth at length without entraile. 
 She lookt about, and seeing one in mayle, 
 Armed to point, sought backe to turne againe; 
 For light she hated as the deadly bale, 
 Ay wont in desert darknes to remaine, 
 Where plain none might her see, nor she see any plaine. 
 
 XVII. 
 
 Which when the valiant elfe perceiv'd, he lept 
 As lyon fierce upon the flying pray, 
 And with his trenchand blade her boldly kept 
 From turning backe, and forced her to stay: 
 Therewith enrag'd she loudly gan to bray, 
 And turning fierce her speckled taile advaunst, 
 Threatning her angrie sting, him to dismay; 
 Who, nought aghast, his mightie hand enhaunst: 
 The stroke down from her head unto hei shoulder glaunst. 
 
 XVIII. 
 
 Much daunted with that dint her sence was dazd; 
 Yet kindling rage her selfe she gathered round, 
 And all attonce her beastly bodie raizd 
 With double forces high above the ground: 
 
 15. 8. Uncouth.— Unknown, unwonted. A.S. uncudh—un, not, &nd 
 Ciidh, gecudh, known — cunnan, to know. 
 
 16. 1. Upstart.— Upstarted— effraide, frightened ; Fr. effrayer, to 
 terrify. 
 
 16. 4. Without entraile.— Untwisted, without folds. 
 
 16. 6. To point.— At all points, completely. 
 
 15. 7. Bale.— Evil, calamity. A.S. bealo, Ice. bol, woe, evil. 
 
 17. 1. Elfe.— Called so because he belongs to Fairy Land. 
 
 17. 3. Trenchand.— Trenchant, cutting, keen. Old Fr. trencher, to 
 cut; perhaps from L. truncus, a trunk. 
 
 17. 5. Bray.— Make a loud noise, not necessarily like that made by an 
 ass. 
 
 17. 8. Enhaunst.— Lifted up. Prob. connected with Fr. hausser, to 
 raise, from haut, high. 
 
 18. 3. Attonce.— At once. 
 
18 THE FAERIE QUEENE. 
 
 Tho, wrapping up her wrethed sterne arownd, 
 
 Lept fierce upon his shield, and her huge traine 
 
 All suddenly about his body wound, 
 
 That hand or foot to stirr he strove in vaine. 
 
 God helpe the man so wrapt in Errours endlesse traine! 
 
 XIX. 
 
 His lady, sad to see his sore constraint, 
 Cride out, " Now, now, Sir knight, shew what ye bee; 
 Add faith unto your force, and be not faint; 
 Strangle her, els she sure will strangle thee. " 
 That when he heard, in great perplexitie, 
 His gall did grate for grief e and high disdaine; 
 And, knitting all his force, got one hand free, 
 Wherewith he grypt her gorge with so great paine, 
 That soone to loose her wicked bands did her constraine. 
 
 Therewith she spevvd out of her filthie maw 
 A floud of poyson horrible and blacke, 
 Full of great lumps of flesh and gobbets raw, 
 Which stunck of vildly, that it forst him slacke 
 His grasping hold, and from her turne him backe: 
 Her vomit full of bookes and papers was, 
 With loathly frogs and toades, which eyes did lacke. 
 And creeping sought way in the weedy gras: 
 Her filthie parbreake all the place defiled has. 
 
 XXI. 
 
 As when old father Nilus gins to swell 
 With timely pride above the Aegyptian vale, 
 His fattie waves doe fertile slime outwell, 
 
 18. 5. Tho — Then. Old Eng. dho, A.S. thonne. 
 18. 6. Traine.— Tail. 
 
 18. 9. Traine.— Deceit, snare. 
 
 19. 6. Gall.— Bile, choler, anger.— did grate, was strongly roiisod. 
 
 19. 8. Gorge.— Throat. 
 
 20. 3. Gobbets — Mouthfuls, little lumps. Old Eng. gob, Gael gob, 
 the mouth. Connected with gobble. 
 
 20. 4. Vildly.— Vilely. 
 
 TJO. 6. Bookes and papers.— Alluding, no doubt, to the many Soman 
 Catholic publications against the Reformed Church of England. 
 20. 7. Lioathly. — Loathsome. 
 
 20. 9. Parbreake.— Vomit. To parbredk means to break forth. 
 81. 3. Outwell.— Well out, exude. 
 
THE FAERIE QUEEtfE. 19 
 
 And overflow each plaine and lowly dale: 
 
 But, when his later spring gins to avale, 
 
 Huge heapes of mudd he leaves, wherein there breed 
 
 Ten thousand kindes of creatures, partly male 
 
 And partly f email, of his fruitful seed; 
 
 Such ugly monstrous shapes elswher may no man reed. 
 
 XXII. 
 
 The same so sore annoyed has the knight, 
 That, welnigh choked with the deadly stinke, 
 His forces faile, ne can no lenger fight: 
 Whose corage when the feend perceivd to shrinke, 
 She poured forth out of her hellish sinke 
 Her fruitfull cursed spawne of serpents small, 
 (Deformed monsters, fowle, and blacke as inke,) 
 Which swarming all about his legs did crall, 
 And him encombred sore, but could not hurt at all. 
 
 XXIII. 
 
 As gentle shepheard in sweete eventide, 
 When ruddy Phebus gins to welke in west, 
 High on an hill, his flocke to vewen wide, 
 Markes which doe byte their hasty supper best; 
 A cloud of cumbrous gnattes doe him molest, 
 All striving to infixe their feeble stinges, 
 That from their noyance he no where can rest; 
 But with his clownish hands their tender wings 
 He brusheth oft, and oft doth mar their mu/murings. 
 
 XXIV. 
 
 Thus ill bestedd, and fearefull more of shame 
 Then of the certeine perill he stood in, 
 Halfe furious unto his foe he came, 
 Resolvd in minde all suddenly to win, 
 
 21. 5. But, when, etc.— That is, but when the last of his tide begins 
 to fall or abate, or, when the inundation subsides. — Avale — lit., to descend 
 to the vale, to lower, go down; Fr. aval, downwards, old Fr. avaler, to 
 descend: from L. ad, to, vallis, a vale. 
 
 21. 9. Reed.— Find out, discover. See Introduction, note i. 7. 
 
 22. 3. Ne.— Nor. 
 
 23. 2. Phoebus — The sun; a name of Apollo. See II, xxix. 3.— welke, 
 fade. Old Eng. welyen, to wither, A.S. wealowegan, to roll up, wither; 
 wallow. 
 
 23. 7. Noyance.— Annoyance. 
 
20 THE FAERIE QUEENE. 
 
 Or soone to lose, before lie once would lin ; 
 
 And stroke at her with more then manly force, 
 
 That from her body, full of filthie sin, 
 
 He raft her hateful! heade without remorse: 
 
 A streame of cole- black blood forth gushed from her corse. 
 
 XXV. 
 
 Her scattered brood, soone as their parent deare 
 They saw so rudely falling to the ground, 
 Groning full deadly all with troublous feare 
 Gathred themselves about her body round, 
 Weening their wonted entrance to have found 
 At her wide mouth; but, being there withstood, 
 They flocked all about her bleeding wound, 
 And sucked up ther dying mothers bloud; 
 Making her death their life, and eke her hurt their good. 
 
 XXVI. 
 
 That detestable sight him much amazde, 
 To see th'unkindly impes, of heaven accurst, 
 Devoure their dam; on whom while so he gazd, 
 Having all satisfide their bloudy thurst, 
 Their bellies swolne he saw with fulnesse burst 
 And bowels gushing forth: well worthy end 
 Of such, as drunke her life, the which them nurst! 
 Now needeth him no lenger labour spend, 
 His foes have slaine themselves, with whom he should contend 
 
 XXVII. 
 
 His lady seeing all that chaunst from farre, 
 Approcht in hast to greet his victorie ; 
 And saide, " Faire knight, borne under happie starre, 
 Who see your vanquisht foes before you lye, 
 Well worthie be you of that armory, 
 
 24. 5. Lin.— Stop. Sc. blin: A.S. linnan, to cease. 
 24. 6. Stroke.— Struck; old past tense strook. 
 24. 8. Raft — Reft, snatched ; pa.t. of reave. 
 20. 2. Impes. See Introduction, note iii. 1. 
 
 26. 7. Which here refers to her; in Spenser's time it was frequently 
 used for who, as in " Our Father which art," etc. 
 
 26. 9. Should contend.— That is, should have (otherwise) contended. 
 
 27. 1. Chaunst.— Took place, happened. 
 
 27. 5. Armory.— Armor. See Author's Letter. 
 
THE FAERIE QUEEKE. 21 
 
 Wherein ye have great glory wonne this day, 
 And prov'd your strength on a strong enimie, 
 Your first adventure ■ many such I pray, 
 And henceforth ever wish that like succeed it may!" 
 
 XXVIII. 
 
 Then mounted he upon his steede againe, 
 And with the lady backward sought to wend: 
 That path he kept, which beaten was most plaine, 
 Ne ever would to any byway bend ; 
 But still did follow one unto the end, 
 The whicli at last out of the wood them brought. 
 So forward on his way (with God to frend) 
 He passed forth, and new adventure sought: 
 Long way he travelled, before he heard of ought. 
 
 XXIX. 
 
 At length they ehaunst to meet upon the way 
 An aged sire, in long blacke weedes yclad, 
 His feete all bare, his beard all hoarie gray, 
 And by his belt his booke he hanging had; 
 Sober he seemde, and very sagely sad ; 
 And to the ground his eyes were lowly bent, 
 Simple in shew, and voide of malice bad; 
 And all the way he prayed as he went, 
 And often knockt his brest, as one that did repent. 
 
 XXX. 
 
 He faire the knight saluted, louting low, 
 Who faire him quited, as that courteous was: 
 And after asked him, if he did know 
 Of straunge adventures, which abroad did pas. 
 
 27. 9. That like, etc.— That is. that like victories may succeed it. 
 
 28. 2. Wend.— Go. A.S. wendan, to go, wend, a turn: hence went 
 wind. 
 
 28. 4. Ne.— Nor. 
 
 28. 7. To frend — Either for a friend, or to befriend ; prob. the former. 
 
 29. 2. An aged sire.— Archimago, in the guise of a monk, the prince 
 of magicians or enchanters, prob. representative of the pope or of the 
 Father of Lies. This adventure is taken from Ariosto's Orlando Furioso. 
 —yclad. See I. i. 2. 
 
 29. 5. Sad. See I. ii. 8. 
 
 30. 1. Louting — Bowing. Prov. Eng. lout, to bow; A.S. lutau, to bow. 
 30. 2. Quited.— Requited, returned his salutation. 
 
22 THE FAERIE QUEENE. 
 
 "Ah! my dear sonne," quoth he, "how should, alasS 
 
 Silly old man, that lives in hidden cell, 
 
 Bidding his beades all day for his trespas, 
 
 Tydings of warre and worldly trouble tell? 
 
 With holy father sits not with such thinges to meli. 
 
 XXXI. 
 
 "But if of daunger, which hereby doth dwell, 
 And homebredd evil ye desire to heare, 
 Of a slraunge man I can you tidings tell, 
 That wasteth all this countrie, farre and neare." 
 " Of suche," saide he, "I chiefly doe inquere; 
 And shall thee well rewarde to shew the place, 
 In which that "wicked wight his dayes doth weare: 
 For to all knighthood it is foule disgrace, 
 That such a cursed creature lives so long a space." 
 
 XXXII. 
 
 "Far hence," quoth he, " in wastfull wildernesse 
 His dwelling is. by which no living wight 
 May ever passe, but thorough great distresse." 
 "Now," saide the ladie, " draweth toward night; 
 And well I wote, that of your later fight 
 Ye all for wearied be; for what so strong, 
 But, wanting rest, will also want of might? 
 The sunne, that measures heaven all day long, 
 At night doth baite his steedes the ocean waves emong. 
 
 XXXIII. 
 
 "Then with the sunne take, Sir, your timely rest, 
 And with new day new worke at once begin: 
 Untroubled night, they say, gives counsell best." 
 "Right well, Sir knight, ye have advised bin," 
 
 30. 6. Silly.— Simple. 
 
 30. 7. Bidding his beades.— Saying, or rather, praying his prayers. 
 Bead, a prayer, and then the little ball on which prayers are counted, is 
 from A.S. bead, gebed, a prayer, from biddan, to ask, to pray, entreat, 
 the root of bid. 
 
 30. 9. Sits not.— "It sits not," "it is not becoming." Fr. il sied, it 
 sits well, is becoming.— meli, meddle. Fr. meler; old Fr. medler,mesler; 
 Low L. misculare, from misceo, to mix. 
 
 32. 3. Thorough.— Through. Old Eng. thurgh, thorowe; A.S. thurh, 
 thorh; Ger. durch. 
 
 32. 4. Draweth — " It draweth." 
 
 32. 5. Wote.— Know. See note I. xiii. 2. 
 
 <& 6. Forwearied.— Utterly wearied or exhausted. See note I. v. 8. 
 
THE FAERIE QUEENE. 23 
 
 Quoth then that aged man; " the way to win 
 
 Is wisely to advise; now day is spent; 
 
 Therefore with me ye may take up your in 
 
 For this same night." The knight was well content 
 
 So with that godly father to his home they went. 
 
 xxxrv. 
 A Title lowly hermitage it was, 
 Downe in a dale, hard by a forests side, 
 Far from resort of people that did pas 
 In traveill to and froe: a little wyde 
 There was an holy chappell edifyde, 
 Wherein the hermite dewly wont to say 
 His holy thinges each morne and eventyde: 
 Thereby a christall streame did gently play, 
 Which from a sacred fountaine welled forth alway. 
 
 XXXV. 
 
 Arrived there, the litle house they fill, 
 Ne looke for entertainement, where none was; 
 Rest is their feast, and all thinges at their will: 
 The noblest mind the best contentment has. 
 With faire discourse the evening so they pas; 
 For that olde man of pleasing wordes had store, 
 And well could file his tongue as smooth as glas: 
 He told of saintes and popes, and evermore 
 He strowd an Ave-Mary after and before. 
 
 XXXVI. 
 
 The drouping night thus creepeth on them fast; 
 And the sad humor loading their eyeliddes, 
 
 33. 7. In or inn. — Lodging, abode ; often used in the sense of 
 Aouse or lodging by old writers, as also the verb to inn = to lodge 
 Hence the significance of the phrase, "to take one's ease in one's inn." 
 
 34. 4. Wyde — Apart, at a distance. 
 
 34. 5. Edifyde. — Built, in its lit. and orig. sense, from L. cedes, a 
 house, and facio, to make. 
 
 34. 6. Wont.-Was wont. 
 
 35. 2. Ne.-Nor. 
 
 35. 3. Rest, etc.— That is, prob., rest satisfied all their longings. 
 
 35. 7. File — Polish or smooth. 
 
 oa' o D Ave " Mar y — " Hail Mary," a salutation to the Virgin. 
 
 36. 2, 3. And the sad humor, etc.— This refers to the ancient fables 
 about Morpheus, the god of sleep and dreams, who is represented as a 
 winjed ole man carry 'ug a horn, and sprinkling the timely dew of sleep 
 
24 THE FAERIE QUEENE. 
 
 As messenger of Morpheus, on them cast 
 
 Sweet slombring deaw, the which to sleep them biddes 
 
 Unto their lodgings then his guestes he riddes: 
 
 Where when all drownd in deadly sleepe he findes, 
 
 He to his studie goes; and there amiddes 
 
 His magick bookes, and artes of sundrie kindes, 
 
 He seekes out mighty charmes to trouble sleepy minds 
 
 XXXVII. 
 
 Then choosing out few words most horrible, 
 (Let none them read) thereof did verses frame; 
 With which, and other spelles like terrible, 
 He bad awake blacke Plutoes griesly Dame; 
 And cursed heven ; and spake reprochful shame 
 Of highest God, the Lord of life and light. 
 A bold bad man, that dar'd to call by name 
 Great Gorgon, prince of darknes and dead night; 
 At which Cocytus quakes, and Styx is put to flight. 
 
 XXXVIII. 
 
 And forth he cald out of deepe darknes dredd 
 Legions of Sprights, the which, like litle flyes 
 Fluttring about his ever-damned hedd, 
 Aw r aite whereto their service he applyes, 
 To aide his friendes, or fray his enimies: 
 
 on wearied eyelids from his wings, or his horn, or from a hough he car. 
 ried dipped in Lethe, the river of forgetfulness. Humor here simply 
 means moisture, dew. Sad = heavy. See I. ii. 8. 
 
 36. 5.— Riddes.— Delivers, takes, removes. A.S. hreddan, to deliver; 
 Dan. redde; Sc. red, to clear away. 
 
 37. 3. Like.— Alike. 
 
 37. 4. Plutoes griesly Dame.— That is, Proserpine, daughter of Zeus 
 (L. Jupiter) and DemeteV (L. Ceres), whom Pluto is fabled to have car- 
 ried off as she was gathering flowers on the plains of Enna, in Sicily. 
 She is represented as the all-pervading goddess of nature, who produces 
 and destrovs everything, and, in connection with Hecate, she is some- 
 times described as'a powerful, infernal, and cruel deity, who has all the 
 magic powers of heaven, earth, and sea at her command. In this latter 
 character she figures here. Pluto is the god of Hades, the realm of 
 darkness and ghostlv shades, and rules the spirits of the dead. 
 
 37 8. Gorgon.— Not Medusa, but Demogorgon, an evil divinity who 
 ruled the spirits of darkness, and whose name the ancients were super- 
 stitiouslv fearful of uttering. 
 
 37. 9. "Cocytus.— A river of the infernal regions, a branch of the Styx, 
 from Gr. kokytos, wailing.— Styx, from Gr. stygeo, to shudder at, hate, a 
 river of Hades, or the Infernal Regions, round which it flowed seven 
 times, and over which departed shades were ferried by Charon. 
 
 38. 5. Fray.— Frighten. See I. xvi. 1. 
 
THE FAERIE QUEENE. 25 
 
 Of those he chose out two, the falsest twoo, 
 And fittest for to forge true-seeming lyes; 
 The one of them he gave a message to, 
 The other by him selfe staide other worke to doo. 
 
 XXXIX. 
 
 He, making speedy way through spersed ayre, 
 And through the world of waters wide and deepe, 
 To Morpheus house doth hastily repaire. 
 Amid the bowels of the earth full steepe, 
 And low, where dawning day doth never peepe, 
 His dwelling is; there Tethys his wet bed 
 Doth ever wash, and Cynthia still doth steepe 
 In silver deaw his ever-drouping hed, 
 Whiles sad Night over him her mantle black doth spred. 
 
 XL. 
 
 Whose double gates he findeth locked fast; 
 The one faire fram'd of burnisht yvory, 
 The other all with silver overcast; 
 And wakeful dogges before them farre doe lye, 
 Watching to banish Care their enimy, 
 Who oft is wont to trouble gentle Sleepe. 
 By them the sprite doth passe in quietly, 
 And unto Morpheus comes, whom drowned deepe 
 In drowsie fit he findes; of nothing he takes keepe. 
 
 XLI. 
 
 And, more to lulle him in his slumber soft, 
 A trickling strearae from high rock tumbling downe, 
 
 spread Spersed — Dis P er sed, scattered. L. spargo, sparsus, to scatter, 
 
 39. 3. Morpheus. See I. xxvi. 2. 
 
 39^ 6. Tethys.— Daughter of Uranus (heaven) and Ge (earth), and wife 
 oa c 2 ai } us ' the ocean, to which her name, as here, is often applied 
 «< •£ * Cynthia.— The goddess of the moon, fabled to have been born 
 at Mount Cyn thus, in Greece. She is also called Artemis and Diana. 
 
 40. 1. Whose double gates, etc.— That is, of Morpheus's dwelling- 
 place, which was supposed to have two gates, one of horn (overcast by 
 Spenser with silver), from which proceeded true dreams; the other o' 
 ivory, from which came false dreams. 
 
 ■JJJ. 4. Before them farre Far in front. 
 
 40. 9. Keepe.— Care. heed. A.S. cepan, to regard; Sc. kepe, care. 
 
26 THE FAERIE QUEENE. 
 
 And ever-drizling raine upon the loft, 
 
 Mixt with a murmuring winde, much like the sowne 
 
 Of swarming bees, did cast him in a swowne. 
 
 No other noyse, nor peoples troublous cryes, 
 
 As still are wont t' annoy the walled towne, 
 
 Might there be heard; but carelesse Quiet lyes 
 
 Wrapt in eternall silence farre from enimyes. 
 
 The messenger approching to him spake; 
 But his waste wordes retournd to him in vaine: 
 80 sound he slept, that nought mought him awake. 
 Then rudely he him thrust, and pusht with paine, 
 "Whereat he gan to stretch : but he againe 
 Shooke him so hard, that forced him to speake. 
 As one then in a dreame, whose dryer braine 
 Is tost with troubled sights and fancies weake, 
 He mumbled soft, but would not all his silence breake. 
 
 The sprite then gan more boldly him to wake, 
 And threatned unto him the dreaded name 
 Of Hecate: whereat he gan to quake, 
 And, lifting up his lompish head, with blame 
 Halfe angrie asked him, for what he came. 
 " Hether," quotli he, " me Archimago sent, 
 He that the stubborne sprites can wisely tame, 
 He bids thee to him send for his intent 
 A fit false dreame, that can delude the sleepers sent. 
 
 41. 3. Upon the loft.— Aloft, on high, in the air. Allied to lift; A.S 
 lyft, Ger. luft, Sc. lift, the air, sky, that which is lifted up. 
 
 41. 4. Sown*.,— Sound. A.S. and Fr. son; L. sonus. 
 
 42. 3. Mought.— Might. Old Eng. moghte, moughte, mighte, pa.t. ot 
 mogen, to be able, may. 
 
 42. 6. That forced = that he forced. 
 
 43. 3. Hecate. See I. xxxvii. 4. She was an ancient Gr. goddess, daugh- 
 ter of a Titan and Night. As an infernal goddess, she was represented 
 with serpents issuing from her feet and twined in her hair, a lighted torch 
 and a sword in her hand, and two black shaggy dogs as attendants. She 
 was believed to send forth at night from the lower world all kinds of 
 demons and terrible phantoms, who taught sorcery and witchcraft. 
 
 43. 6. Archimago. See I. xxix. 2. 
 
 43. 9. Sent.— Scent, sense, sensation, perception. L. sensus, from 
 sentio, to feel, perceive. 
 
THE FAERIE QUEEKE. 27 
 
 XLIV. 
 
 The god obayde; and, calling forth straight way 
 A diverse dreame out of his prison darke, 
 Delivered it to him, and downe did lay 
 His heavie head, devoide of careful carke; 
 Whose sences all were straight benumbd and starke. 
 He, backe returning by the yvorie dore, 
 Remounted up as light as chearefull larke; 
 And on his litle winges the dreame he bore 
 In hast unto his lord, where he him left afore. 
 
 XLV. 
 
 Who all this while, with charmes and hidden artes, 
 Had made a lady of that other spright, 
 And fram'd of liquid ayre her tender partes, 
 So lively, and so like in all mens sight, 
 That weaker sence it could have ravisht quight: 
 The maker selfe, for all his wondrous witt, 
 Was nigh beguiled with so goodly sight. 
 Her all in white he clad, and over it 
 Cast a black stole, most like to seeme for Una fit. 
 
 XLVI. 
 
 Now, when that ydle dreame was to him brought, 
 Unto that elfin knight he bad him fly, 
 Where he slept soundly void of evil thought, 
 And with false shewes abuse his fantasy, 
 In sort as he him schooled privily. 
 And that new creature, borne without her dew. 
 
 ™™ 'mk A • < ?| ve r, se dr eam.— A diverting or distracting dream, one that 
 would bewilder the senses. 
 
 44. 4. Carke — Care, anxiety; A.S. care. 
 
 i,«t^ . 5 n Sfcar * ke ,' -S , ti , ff A rigi f as in death - AS - starc ' stearc , strong, 
 hard; Ger. stark; old Ger. starr, stiff 
 
 H ?• £ f <V: e -- B efore, Prob. A.S. cet-fore, at the fore or former time. 
 
 45. 4. So lively, etc.-Perhaps = so life-like ; or like may be = the 
 modern likely, seemly, comely. 
 
 45. 9. Stole. Seel. iv. 5.— Una— the first time the name of the knight's 
 fair companion is mentioned. 
 
 46. 2. Elfin knight.— Called so, as comiag from Elf or Fairy Land 
 a* a J» n sort as -- Lik e as. in the manner that. 
 
 f ft. b \ Borne without her dew.— Born or produced not according 
 to the due course of nature— that is, unnaturally; or born without the 
 due and proper qualities of a real woman; a deceit. 
 
2& THE FAERIE QUEENE. 
 
 Full of the makers guyle, with usage sly 
 
 He taught to imitate that lady trew, 
 
 Whose semblance she did carrie under feigned hew, 
 
 XL VII. 
 
 Thus, well instructed, to their worke they haste; 
 And, comming where the knight in slomber lay, 
 The one upon his bardie bead him plaste, 
 And made him dreame of loves and lustfull play, 
 That nigh his manly hart did melt away. 
 
 XLIX. 
 
 In this great passion of unwonted lust, 
 Or wonted feare of doing ought amis, 
 He startetb up, as seeming to mistrust 
 Some secret ill, or hidden foe of his. 
 Lo! tbere before his face his ladie is, 
 Under blacke stole byding her bayted hooke; 
 And as balfe blushing offred him to kis, 
 With gentle blandishment and lovely looke, 
 Most like that virgin true, which for her knight him took. 
 
 L. 
 
 All cleane dismayd to see so uncouth sight, 
 And half enraged at her shamelesse guise, 
 He thought have slaine her in his fierce despight; 
 But, hastie heat tempring with sufferance wise, 
 
 46. 7. Usage sly.— Artful conduct, trickery. 
 
 47. 3. The one.— That is, the Dream, which placed himself by the 
 knight's head, as being the seat of the brain, which he filled with foul 
 dreams. 
 
 47. 5. That — The false Una. 
 
 49. 1, 2. In this great passion, etc.— The effect of the wanton 
 dream, lust being an unwonted or unusual passion with this pure knight, 
 who, however, as the second line says, was always afraid of doing 
 " ought amiss." Ought should strictly'be augltt = anjthing, from A.S. 
 aht, awiht. 
 
 49. 3. Mistrust.— Suspect. 
 
 50. 1. All — Altogether.— cleane, quite.— uncouth. See I. xv. 8. 
 
 50. 3. Thought have = " thought to have."— despight, great spite, 
 contempt, or anger. Fr. depit, despit, from L. despicio, to look down on 
 —that is. with contempt. 
 
 50. 4. But, hastie heat, etc. — That is, tempering his hasty anger" 
 with wise forbearance. 
 
THE FAERIE QTJEENE. 2? 
 
 He stayde his hand; and gan himselfe advise 
 To prove his sense, and tempt her faigned truth. 
 Wringing her hands, in wemens pitteous wise, 
 Tho can she weepe, to stirre up gentle ruth 
 Both for her noble blood, and for her tender youth. 
 
 LI. 
 
 And sayd, " Ah Sir, my liege lord, and my love, 
 Shall I accuse the hidden cruell fate, 
 And mightie causes wrought in heaven above, 
 Or the blind god, that doth me thus amate, 
 For hoped love to winne me certaine hate? 
 Yet thus perforce he bids me do, or die. 
 Die is my dew ; yet rew my wretched state, 
 You, whom my hard avenging destinie 
 Hath made judge of my life or death indifferently. 
 
 LII. 
 
 " Your owne deare sake forst me at first to leave 
 My fathers kingdom" — There she stopt with teares; 
 Her swollen hart her speech seemd to bereave; 
 And then againe begun; "My weaker yeares, 
 Captiv'd to fortune and frayle worldly feares, 
 Fly to your fayth for succour and sure ayde: 
 Let me not die in languor and long teares." 
 "Why, dame," quoth he, "what hath ye thus dismayd? 
 What frayes ye, that were wont to comfort me affrayd?" 
 
 50. 5. Gan.— Began. 
 
 50. 6. To prove his sense, etc.— That is, to test the evidence of his 
 senses, and try the sincerity of her professions. 
 
 50. 8. Can.— Gan or began.— ruth, pity, from rue, to be sorry for; A.S. 
 hreowan, to be sorry for; Ger. reue, old Ger. hriuwa, mourning. 
 
 51. 4. The blind god.— Cupid, god of love, often represented with 
 bandaged eyes. — amate, stupefy, infatuate. Old Fr. mater, to confound, 
 stupefy; low L. mattus, dull, stupid; Ger. matt, faint, dull. 
 
 51. 5. For hoped love, etc.— That is, " instead of the love I hoped to 
 win, I have won myself certain hate." 
 
 51. 7. Die = to die.— rew, pity. See I. 1. 8. 
 
 52. 1. Your owne deare sake, etc. — This is false: Una knew not St. 
 George till she came to Fairy Court. 
 
 52. 3. Bereave. — Take away, deprive her of. A.S. be, and refian, to 
 reave, to rob. 
 
 52. 5. Captiv'd to fortune.— Committed as a captive to fortune or 
 chance. 
 
 52. 9. Frayes.— Frightens. See I. xvi. 1. 
 
30 THE FAERIE QUEENE. 
 
 LIIT. 
 
 "Love of your selfe," she saide, " and deare constraint, 
 Lets me not sleepe, but waste the wearie night 
 In secret anguish and unpittied plaint, 
 Whiles you in carelesse sleepe are drowned quight." 
 Her doubtf ull words made that redoubted knight 
 Suspect her truth; yet since no' untruth he knew, 
 Her fawning love with foule disdainefull spight 
 He would not shend; but said, "Deare dame, I rew, 
 That for my sake unknowne such griefe unto you grew; 
 
 liv. 
 
 "Assure your selfe, it fell not all to ground; 
 For all so deare as life is to my hart, 
 I deeme your love, and hold me to you bound : 
 Ne let vaine feares procure your needlesse smart, 
 Where cause is none; but to your rest depart." 
 Not all content, yet seemd she to appease 
 Her mournefull plaintes, beguiled of her art, 
 And fed with words that could not chose but please 
 So, sly ding softly forth, she turnd as to her ease. 
 
 LV. 
 
 Long after lay he musing at her mood, 
 Much griev'd to thinke that gentle dame so light, 
 For whose defence he was to shed his blood. 
 At last, dull wearines of former fieht 
 
 53. 1. Deare constraint — Pleasing uneasiness or compulsion. P* 
 
 53. 5. Doubtfull.— Suspicious, enigmatical. 
 53. 7. Spight. See i. 50. 3. 
 
 53. 8. Shend.- Reproach, punish. A.S. scendan, to shame, reproach 
 revile; Ger. schenden.—rew, am sorry. See I. 1. 8. 
 
 53. 9. Unknowne. — That is, unknown to him. 
 
 54. 1. It fell not all to ground.— Was not thrown away, or lost. 
 54. 2. All so.— Altogether, or quite as. 
 
 54. 4. Ne- Nor.— needlesse smart, unnecessary pain or grief. Ger 
 schmerz, old Ger. smerza, pain. 
 
 54. 6. All.— By any means.— appease, to pacify, to cease from. Fr 
 appaiser—paix, L. pax, peace. 
 
 54. 7, 8. Beguiled of her art, and fed, etc.— Cheated out of an op 
 portunity or chance to use the arts or tricks taught her by Archimago. 
 and fed or put off with words that left no room for her to affect dissatis- 
 faction, 
 
THE FAERIE QUEENE. 31 
 
 Having yrockt asleepe his irkesome spright, 
 
 That troublous drearae gan freshly tosse his braine 
 
 With bowres, aud beds, and ladies deare delight: 
 
 But, when he saw his labour all was vaine. 
 
 With that misformed spright he backe returnd againe. 
 
 CANTO II. 
 
 [The knight, maddened by Una's supposed unfaithfulness, flees by 
 night along with her dwarf. On the way they encounter the false Duessa 
 —calling herself Fidessa— accompanied by the Paynim Sansfoy. The 
 knight encounters the latter, and slays him; Duessa wins him by her 
 wiles, and they ride forth together, till they come " where grew two 
 goodly trees," under the shade of which they rest. It turns out that the 
 trees were once two lovers, Fradubio and Fraslissa, wno, by the witch- 
 craft of Duessa, had been thus transformed.] 
 
 The guilefull great Enchaunter parts 
 
 The Redcrosse Knight from Truth: 
 Into whose stead faire Falshood steps, 
 
 And workes him woef ull ruth. 
 
 I. 
 
 By this the northerne wagoner had set 
 His sevenfold teme behind the stedfast starre 
 That was in ocean waves yet never wet, 
 But firme is fixt, and sendeth light from farre 
 To al that in the wide deepe wandring arre ; 
 And chearefull chaunticlere with his note shrill 
 Had warned once, that Phoebus fiery carre 
 
 55. 5. Yrockt.— Rocked. See I. i. 2.— irkesome spright, wearied spirit. 
 A.S. earg, dull; Sc. ergh, to feel reluctant. 
 
 55. 6. Tosse.— Agitate, disturb. 
 
 55. 8. He saw.— That is, the Dream, who is here personified as a 
 spright. 
 
 55. 9. Misformed spright.— The feigned Una. 
 
 1. 1. The northerne wagoner — The constellation Bootes, Gr. - Ox- 
 driver, so called because, in ancient mythologv, he was supposed to be 
 the driver of Charles's Wain, or Wagon, one of the names of the seven 
 most prominent stars in the Great Bear. He was also supposed to have 
 invented the Plough, another name of these seven stars, along with 
 which and his yoke of oxen, he was transferred to heaven. Bootes was 
 also known as Arctophylax, Gr. = Bear-keeper. 
 
 1. 2. His sevenfold teme, etc.— The seven stars above referred to, 
 represented as the oxen yoked to the wagon of Bootes. The stedfast 
 starre is the pole-star, which, in northern latitudes, is always above the 
 horizon, and hence in " ocean waves yet never wet." 
 
 1. 7. Phoebus fiery carre — The sun, which, in ancient mythology, 
 was the chariot of the sun-god Phoebus, driven by him daily across tbo 
 heavens. See II. xxix. 3. 
 
32 THE FAERIE QUEENE. 
 
 In hast was climbing up the easterne hill, 
 
 Full envious that night so long his roome did fill' 
 
 ii. 
 
 "When those accursed messengers of hell, 
 That feigning dreame, and that faire-forged spright 
 Came to their wicked maister, and gan tel 
 Their boqtelesse paines, and ill succeeding night: 
 Who, all in rage to see his skilfull might 
 Deluded so, gan threaten hellish paine, 
 And sad Proserpines wrath, them to affright. 
 But, when he saw his threatning was but vaine, 
 He cast about, and searcht his baleful bokes againe. 
 
 VI. 
 
 Retourning to his bed in torment great, 
 And bitter anguish of his guilty sight, 
 He could not rest ; but did his stout heart eat, 
 And wast his inward gall with deepe despight, 
 Yrkesome of life, and too long lingring night. 
 At last faire Hesperus in highest skie 
 Had spent his lampe, and brought forth dawning light; 
 Then up he rose, and clad him hastily: 
 The dwarfe him brought his steed; so both away do fly. 
 
 VII. 
 
 Now when the rosy-fingred Morning faire, 
 Weary of aged Tithones saffron bed, 
 
 3. 4, 5.— These verses describe a foul trick played on the Redcrosse 
 Knight by Archimasro, by which the former believes he has witnessed 
 the wanton unfaithfulness of Una, here representative of Truth, as 
 Archimago is of Falsehood. 
 
 6. 4. And wast his inward gall, etc.— The gall was formerly sup- 
 posed to be the spat of anger. — despight. See I. 1. 3. 
 
 6. 5. Yrkesome.— See I. lv. 5. 
 
 6. 6. Hesperus.— Usually the evening star, but here evidently applied 
 to the morning star, and, as such, often called by the Greeks Heosj)horos 
 (the light-bringer). In both cases the planet Venus is referred to. As a 
 divinity. Hesperus was the son of the Titan Astrceus, father of all the 
 stars, and Hem or Eos. dawn. 
 
 7. 2. Aged Tithones, etc.— This alludes to the myth that a mortal, 
 Tithonus beloved by Eos (Aurora. Morning), obtained from the gods im- 
 mortality, but not eternal youth, in consequence of which, he completely 
 shrunk together in his old age. See Tennyson's Tithonos, 
 
THE FAERIE QUEENE. 33 
 
 Had spred her purple robe through deawy aire, 
 
 And the high hils Titan discovered, 
 
 The royall virgin shooke off drousyhed; 
 
 And, rising forth out of her baser bowre, 
 
 Lookt for her knight, who far away was fled, 
 
 And for her dwarfe, that wont to wait each howre: 
 
 Then gan she wail and weepe to see that woeful stowre. 
 
 VIII. 
 
 And after him she rode, with so much speede 
 As her slowe beast could make; but all in vaine; 
 For him so far had borne his light-foot steede, 
 Pricked with wrath and fiery fierce disdaine, 
 That him to follow was but fruitlesse paine: 
 Yet she her weary limbes would never rest; 
 But every hil and dale, each wood and plaine, 
 Did search, sore grieved in her gentle brest, 
 He so ungently left her, whome she loved best. 
 
 IX. 
 
 But subtill Archimago, when his guests 
 He saw divided into double parts, 
 And Una wandring in woods and forrests, 
 (Th' end of his drift,) he praisd his divelish arts, 
 That had such might over true meaning harts: 
 Yet rests not so, but other meanes doth make, 
 How he may worke unto her further smarts; 
 For her he hated as the hissing snake, 
 And in her many troubles did most pleasure take. 
 
 He then devisde himself e how to disguise; 
 For by his mighty science he could take 
 
 7. 4. Titan.— The sun, so called as being the son of the Titans, Hyper- 
 ion and Thia. 
 
 7. 5. Drousyhed.— Drowsiness: -hed is still seen in maidenhead, god- 
 head, and is the same as -hood in manhood. 
 
 7. 6. Bowre.— Chamber. A.S. bur, an inner room, a bed-chamber, 
 from buan, to build; Ice. bur, Sc. byre; Ger. bauer, from bauen, to 
 build. 
 
 7. 9. Stowre.— Stir, commotion, disturbance. From the root of stir} 
 Sc. stour, commotion, dust blown confusedly by the wind. 
 
 8. 4. Pricked — Stung, referring to him in line 3. 
 
 9. 6. Doth make.— Devises. 
 
34 THE FAERIE QUEENE. 
 
 As many formes and shapes in seeming wise, 
 
 As ever Proteus to himselfe could make: 
 
 Sometime a f owle, sometime a fish in lake, 
 
 Now like a foxe, now like a dragon fell ; 
 
 That of himselfe he of te for feare would quake, 
 
 And oft would flie away. O who can tell 
 
 The hidden powre of herbes, and might of magick spell 
 
 XI. 
 
 But now seemde best the person to put on 
 Of that good knight, his late beguiled guest: 
 In mighty armes he was yclad anon, 
 And silver shield; upon his coward brest 
 A bloody crosse, and on his craven crest 
 A bounch of heares discolourd diversly. 
 Full jolly knight he seemde, and wel addrest; 
 And, when he sate upon his courser free, 
 Saint George himselfe ye would have deemed him to be. 
 
 XII. 
 
 But he, the knight, whose semblaunt he did beare, 
 The true Saint George, was wandred far away, 
 Still flying from his thoughts and gealous feare: 
 "Will was his guide, and griefe led him astray. 
 
 10. 4. Proteus.— In ancient mythology, the prophetic old man of the 
 sea, who tended the flocks (the seals) of the sea-god Poseidon. When 
 any one seized him, he had the power of assuming every possible shape, 
 in order to avoid the necessity of prophesying. 
 
 11. 1. But now, etc. — That is, but now it seemed best to him to per- 
 sonate, etc. To put on the person is a Lafinism = personam induere, 
 to put on the mask of, to personate, as does an actor; the orig. meaning 
 of persona was a mask. 
 
 11. 3. Yclad.— See I. i. 2. 
 
 11. 6. Discolourd diversly. — Diversely colored. 
 
 11. 7. Jolly. — See I. i. 8. — addrest, dressed. 
 
 11. 9. Saint George.— This saint is venerated both in the Eastern and 
 Western Churches, and prob. represents a real person, who, at a very 
 early period, did real service to the former; his conflict with the dragon 
 most prob. arose out of a symbolical or allegorical representation of his 
 contest with the pagan prosecutor. He was earlj" regarded as a patron 
 of the military profession, and was so honored in France in tae 6th 
 century; but it was not until the Crusaders, who ascribed their cuccess 
 at the siege of Antioch to him. returned to Europe, that the religious 
 honor paid him reached its full development. At the Council of Ox- 
 ford, in 1222, his feast was ordered to be kept as a national festival. Id 
 5330, he was made patron of the order of the Garter by Edward 1U. 
 
 12. 1. Semblaunt.— Semblance. 
 
 12. 2. The true Saint George.— See II. xi. 9. 
 
THE FAERIE QUEENE. 35 
 
 A-t last him chaunst to meete upon the way 
 A faithlesse Sarazin, all armde to point, 
 In whose great shield was writ with letters gay 
 Sansfoy; full large of limbe and every joint 
 He was, and cared not for God or man a point. 
 
 XIII. 
 
 Hee had a faire companion of his way, 
 A goodly lady clad in scarlot red, 
 Purfled with gold and pearle of rich assay; 
 And like a Persian mitre on her hed 
 Shee wore, with crowns and owches garnished, 
 The which her lavish lovers to her gave : 
 Her wanton palfrey all was overspred 
 With tinsell trappings, woven like a wave, 
 Whose bridle rung with golden bels and bosses brave. 
 
 xrv. 
 
 With faire disport, and courting dalliaunce, 
 She intertainde her lover all the way: 
 But, when she saw the knight his speare advaunce, 
 She soone left off her mirth and wanton play, 
 And bad her knight addresse him to the fray, 
 His foe was nigh at hand. He, prickte with pride, 
 And hope to winne his ladies hearte that day, 
 Forth spurred fast; adowne his coursers side 
 The red bloud trickling staind the way, as he did ride. 
 
 12. 6. All artnde, etc.— See I. xvi. 6. 
 
 12. 8. Sans foy.— Fr. = Faithless. 
 
 13. 2. A goodly lady.— Duessa, representative of Falsehood, and 
 more particularly of the Church of Rome, to which zealous Protestants 
 apply the epithet " Scarlet Lady," and which Spenser and his contem- 
 poraries did not hesitate to class along with the Saracens or Mohamme- 
 dans. She is supposed also to represent Mary Queen of Scots. 
 
 13. 3. Purfled — Trimmed, embroidered, and generally with gold- 
 fringe. Fr. pourfiler, from same root as profile, L. pro, and filum, a 
 thread; Ital. pr o filar e.— assay, standard, value; lit., test, trial. Ital. as- 
 saggiare, to try. L. exagium, a standard weight, test. 
 
 13. 4. And like — And (a thing) like. 
 
 13. 5. Owches — Here prob. means jewels: it also meant a necklace 
 or collar for a woman's neck. Corrupted from nouch, as an eyas for a 
 nias; low. L. nusca, nosca, old Ger. nusca, nusche, a bezel or socket 
 m which a stone is set; Ital. nocchia, notch or knuckle. 
 
 14. 5. Addresse.— Make ready, adjust, prepare. Fr. adresser, dresser* 
 to prepare, from L. dirigo, to direct. 
 
 14. 6. Prickte.— Stung, urged on. 
 
36 THE FAERIE QUEENE. 
 
 XV. 
 
 The Knight of the Redcrosse, when him he spide 
 Spurring so hote with rage dispiteous, 
 Gan fairely couch his speare, and towards ride: 
 Soone meete they both, both fell and furious, 
 That, daunted with theyr forces hideous, 
 Their steeds doe stagger, and amazed stand; 
 And eke themselves, too rudely rigorous, 
 Astonied with the stroke of their owne hand, 
 Doe backe rebutte, and ech to other yealdeth land. 
 
 XVI. 
 
 As when two ram?, stird with ambitious pride, 
 Fight for the rule of the rich fleeced flocke, 
 Their horned fronts so fierce on either side 
 Doe meete, that, with the terror of the shocke, 
 Astonied, both stand sencelesse as a blocke, 
 Forgetfull of the hanging victory: 
 So stood these twaiue, unmoved as a rocke, 
 Both staring fierce, and holding idely 
 The broken reliques of their former cruelty. 
 
 XVII 
 
 The Sarazin, sore daunted with the buffe, 
 Snatcheth his sword, and fiercely to him flies; 
 Who well it wards, and quyteth cuff with cuff: 
 Each others equall puissaunce envies, 
 And through their iron sides with cruell spies 
 Does seeke to perce; repining courage yields 
 
 15. 2. Dispiteous.— May be = void of pity, pitiless; or = full of de- 
 spight, hateful. See I. 1. 3. 
 
 15. 3. Towards.— Supplv him. 
 
 15. 7. Eke — See Introd.*4. 1. 
 
 15. 8. Astonied.— Astonished, stunned. 
 
 15. 9. Rebutte.— Recoil.— yealdeth land, giveth way. 
 
 16. 5. Astonied See II. xv. 8. 
 
 16. 6. Hanging:.— Undecided, doubtful. 
 
 16. 9. The broken reliques.— The shattered spears. 
 
 17. 1. Buffe.— Rebuff, blow. 
 17. 3. Quyteth.— Requiteth. 
 
 17. 4. Each others, etc. — Each envies the other's equal va'ior. anr 
 each seeks with cruel glances to pierce through the other's sides, armed 
 with iron (prob. to find a weak point). 
 
THE FAERIE QUEENE. 37 
 
 No f oote to foe : the flashing fier flies, 
 
 As from a forge, out of their burning shields; 
 
 And streams of purple bloud new die the verdant fields. 
 
 XVIII. 
 
 "Curse on that Cross," quoth then the Sarazin, 
 " That keepes thy body from the bitter fitt; 
 Dead long ygoe, I wote, thou haddest bin, 
 Had not that charme from thee for warned itt: 
 But yet I warne thee now assured sitt, 
 And hide thy head." Therewith upon his crest 
 With rigor so outrageous he smitt, 
 That a large share it hewd out of the rest, 
 And glauncing downe his shield from blame him fairly blest 
 
 XIX. 
 
 Who, thereat wondrous wroth, the sleeping spark 
 Of native virtue gan eftsoones revive; 
 And at his haughty helmet making mark, 
 So hugely stroke, that it the Steele did rive, 
 And cleft his head: he, tumbling downe alive, 
 With bloudy mouth his mother earth did kis, 
 Greeting his grave- his grudging ghost did strive 
 With the fraile flesh; at last it flitted is, 
 Whither the soules do fly of men that live amis. 
 
 xx. 
 
 The lady, when she saw her champion fall, 
 Like the old ruines of a broken towre, 
 Staid not to waile his woef ull f unerall ; 
 But from him fled away with all her powre: 
 Who after her as hastily gan scowre, 
 
 18. 2. Bitter fitt.— Death, the bitter throes or pangs of death. 
 18. 3. Wote.— See I. xiii. 2. 
 
 18. 5. Assured sitt.— Keep a sure or firm seat. 
 
 18. 8. Share.— Slice, that which is shorn, or cut off. Compare plough- 
 share.— it, the sword. 
 
 18. 9. From blame, etc.— From harm him (that is, the knight) fairly 
 preserved. 
 
 19. 1. Who That is, him (the knight) of last line. 
 
 19. 2. Eftsoones Soon after, forthwith. 
 
 19. 3. Making mark.— Taking aim. 
 
 19. 7. Grudging ghost.— Unwilling spirit. 
 
 20. 5. Who.-The knight. 
 
38 THE FAERIE QtTEENE. 
 
 Bidding the dwarfe with him to bring away 
 
 The Sarazins shield, signe of the conqueroure: 
 
 Her soone he overtooke, and bad to stay; 
 
 For present cause was none of dread her to dismay. 
 
 XXI. 
 
 Shee turning backe, with ruefull countenaunce, 
 Cride, "Mercy, mercy, Sir, vouchsafe to show 
 On silly dame, subject to hard mischaunce, 
 And to your mighty will" Her humblesse low 
 In so ritch weedes, and seeming glorious show, 
 Did much emmove his stout heroicke heart; 
 And said, " Deare dame, your suddein overthrow 
 Much rueth me; but now put feare apart, 
 And tel, both who ye be, and who that tooke your part.* 
 
 XXII. 
 
 Melting in teares, then gan shee thus lament; 
 "The wretched woman, whom unhappy howre 
 Hath now made thrall to your commandement, 
 Before that angry heavens list to lowre, 
 And fortune false betraide me to thy powre, 
 Was (O what now availeth that I was !) 
 Borne the sole daughter of an Emperour; 
 He that the wide West under his rule has, 
 And high hath set his throne where Tiberis doth pas. 
 
 XXIII. 
 
 " He, in the first fiowre of my freshest age, 
 Betrothed me unto the onely haire 
 Of a most mighty king, most rich and sage; 
 Was never prince so f'aithfull and so faire, 
 Was never prince so meeke and debonaire; 
 
 21. 4. Humblesse.— Humbleness, humility. 
 
 21. 5. Weedes — Clothes. 
 
 21. 7. And said.— And he said. 
 
 21. 8. Rueth Grieveth. 
 
 22. 4, Before that, etc.— Before it pleased the angry heavens to 
 lower or frown upon me. 
 
 22. 9. Where Tiberis doth pas.— That is, Rome. The passage 
 refers to the papacy, which occupied to a certain extent the place of the 
 ancient Roman emperors. 
 
 23. 5. Debonaire.— Fr. = of good air or bearing, courteous, gra 
 cious. 
 
THE FAERIE QUEEKE. 
 
 But, ere my hoped day of spousall shone, 
 My dearest lord fell from high honors staire 
 Into the hands of hys accursed fone, 
 And cruelly was slaine ; that shall I ever mone. 
 
 XXIV. 
 
 "His blessed body, spoild of lively breath, 
 Was afterward, I know not how, convaid, 
 And fro me hid: of whose most innocent death 
 When tidings came to mee, unhappy maid, 
 O, how great sorrow my sad soule assaid! 
 Then forth I went his woefull corse to find, 
 And many yeares throughout the world I straid, 
 A virgin widow; whose deepe wounded mind 
 With love long time did languish, as the striken hind. 
 
 XXV. 
 
 " At last it chaunced this proud Sarazin 
 To meete me wandring; who perforce me led 
 With him away; but yet could never win 
 
 There lies he now with foule dishonor dead, 
 
 Who, whiles he livde, was called proud Sans foy, 
 
 The eldest of three brethren; all three bred 
 
 Of one bad sire, whose youngest is Sans joy; 
 
 And twixt them both was born the bloudy bold Sans loy. 
 
 XXVI. 
 
 " In this sad plight, friendlesse, unfortunate, 
 Now miserable I Fidessa, dwell, 
 Craving of you, in pitty of my state, 
 To doe none ill, if please ye not doe well." 
 He in great passion al this while did dwell, 
 More busying his quicke eies her face to view, 
 Then his dull eares to heare what shee did tell; 
 
 23. 8. Fone. —The old pi. in -en, still seen in oxen. 
 
 24. 5. Assaid.— Tried. See II. xxiv. i. 
 
 25. 8. Sans joy.— Joyless. 
 
 25. 9. Sans loy.— Lawless. 
 
 26. 2. Fidessa.— Whose name Duessa assumes, no doubt represents 
 Truth, or the true church or faith. 
 
 26. 4. If please.— If it please, 
 
40 THE FAERIE QUEENE. 
 
 And said, "Faire lady, hart of flint would rew 
 The undeserved woes and sorrowes, which ye shew. 
 
 " Henceforth in safe as?uraunce may ye rest, 
 Having both found a new friend you to aid, 
 And lost an old foe that did you moiest; 
 Better new friend then an old foe is said." 
 With chaunge of chear the seeming simple maid 
 Let fal her eien, as shamefast, to the earth, 
 And yeelding soft, in that she nought gainsaid, 
 So forth they rode, he feining seemely merth, 
 And shee coy lookes: so dainty, they say, maketh derth. 
 
 XXVIII. 
 
 Long time they thus together tra veiled ; 
 Til, weary of their way, they came at last 
 Where grew two goodly trees, that faire did spred 
 Their armes abroad, with gray mosse overcast; 
 And their greene leaves, trembling with every blast, 
 Made a calme shadowe far in compasse round: 
 The fearefull shepheard, often there aghast, 
 Under them never sat, ne wont there sound 
 His mery oaten pipe; but shund th' unlucky ground. 
 
 XXIX. 
 
 But this good knight, soone as he them can spie, 
 For the coole shade him thither hastly got: 
 For golden Phoebus, now ymounted hie, 
 From fiery wheeles of his faire chariot 
 
 27. 4. If said.— It is said. 
 27. 5. Chear — See I. ii. 8. 
 
 27. 6. Eien.— See Introd. 4, 5,— shamefast, now shamefaced, though 
 unconnected with face; A.S. sceam-fozst—sceamu, modesty, and fozst 
 fast, perfectly, very: so steadfast 
 
 27. 9. So dainty, etc.— So the Latin proverb, Quae rara cara, "What 
 is rare is dear." Duessa hoped by her assumed coyness to make herself 
 dear to, or eagerly sought after by the knight. Dearth lit. means dear- 
 ness. 
 
 28. 7. Aghast.— Terrified. 
 
 28. 8. Ne wont, etc.— Nor was wont there to sound. 
 
 29. 1. Can spie.— Began to see. 
 
 29. 3. Phoebus.— Lit. bright, pure, or shining, was an epithet of 
 Apollo, afterwards applied to the sun, as here. As the sun god. lie w.ns 
 supposed to traverse the heavens daily in a brilliant chariot, —y mo unfed 
 See I. i. 2. 
 
THE FAERIE QUEEN"E. 41 
 
 Hurled his beame so scorching cruell hot, 
 
 That living creature mote it not abide; 
 
 And his new lady it endured not. 
 
 There they alight, in hope themselves to hide 
 
 From the fierce heat, and rest their weary limbs a tide. 
 
 XXX. 
 
 Faire seemely pleasaunce each to other makes, 
 With goodly purposes, there as they sit; 
 And in his falsed fancy he her takes 
 To be the fairest wight that lived yit; 
 Which to expresse, he bends his gentle wit; 
 And, thinking of those braunches greene to frame 
 A girlond for her dainty forehead fit, 
 He pluckt a bough; out of whose rifte there came 
 Smal drops of gory bloud, that trickled down the same. 
 
 XXXI. 
 
 Therewith a piteous yelling voice was heard, 
 Crying, " O spare with guilty hands to teare 
 My tender sides in this rough rynd embard; 
 But fly, ah ! fly far hence away, for f eare 
 Least to you hap that happened to me heare, 
 And to this wretched lady, my deare love ; 
 O too deare love, love bought with death too deare!" 
 Astond he stood, and up his heare did hove; 
 And with that suddein horror could no member move. 
 
 XXXII. 
 
 At last whenas the dreadfull passion 
 Was overpast, and manhood well awake; 
 
 29. 6. Mote Might. 
 
 29. 9. Tide — Time, while. A.S. tid, time. 
 
 30- 1. Faire seemely, etc.— Pleasant and agreeable attentions. 
 
 30. 2 Purposes.— Discourse, conversation. Fr. propos. 
 
 30. 8. Out of whose rifte, etc.— This fancy of men being converted 
 into or imprisoned in trees, occurs in various old poets. A similar pas- 
 sage occurs in Virgil, JEn. 3, 23: and Spenser evidently imitates here 
 Ariosto's Orlando Furioso, vi. 27. 
 
 31. 3. Embard.— Imprisoned, confined. 
 
 31. 8. Astond.— Astounded, astonished. Old Eng. astonne, A.S. stun* 
 tan, to stun,— hove, rise; same as heave. 
 
 32. 1. Whenas.— When. 
 
42 THE FAERIE QUEENE. 
 
 Yet musing at the straunge occasion, 
 
 And doubting much his sence, he thus bespake: 
 
 "What voice of damned ghost from Limbo lake, 
 
 Or guilefull spright wandring in empty aire, 
 
 Both which fraile men doe oftentimes mistake, 
 
 Sends to my doubtful eares these s-peaches rare, 
 
 And ruefull plaints, me bidding guiltlesse blood to spare?" 
 
 XXXIII. 
 
 Then, groning deep; "Nor damned ghost," quoth he, 
 "Nor guileful sprite to thee these words doth speake; 
 But once a man Fradubio, now a tree ; 
 Wretched man, wretched tree! whose nature weake 
 A cruell witch, her cursed will to wreake, 
 Hath thus transformed, and plast in open plaines, 
 Where Boreas doth blow full bitter bleake, 
 And scorching sunne does dry my secret vaines; 
 For though a tree 1 seme, yet cold and heat me paines. ,; 
 
 XXXIV. 
 
 "Say on, Fradubio, then, or man or tree," 
 Quoth then the knight; "by whose mischievous arts 
 Art thou misshaped thus, as now I see? 
 He oft finds med'cine who his grief e imparts; 
 But double griefs afflict concealing harts; 
 As raging flames who striveth to suppresse." 
 "The author then," said he, " of all my smarts, 
 Is one Duessa, a false sorceresse, 
 That many errant knights hath broght to wretchednesse. 
 
 32. 4. Bespake — Spoke. 
 
 32. 5. L.imbo, or Limbus (L. limbus, a border).— The name applied in 
 Roman Catholic theology to that part of the next world where those 
 souls are detained who have not offended by any personal act of their 
 own, and who are waiting for the resurrection to be admitted to heaven. 
 There is the Limbus Patrum (Limbo of the Fathers), the place of 
 those just who died before Christ's coming; and Limbus Infantum 
 (Limbo of Infants), the place or state of unbaptised infants. Limbo is 
 sometimes applied also to Purgatory and Hell ; in the last sense it seems 
 to be used by Spenser. 
 
 32. 8. Speaches rare.— Thin squeaking voice. 
 
 33. 3. But once.— That is, but one who was once. 
 
 33. 7. Boreas. — Gr. name of the north, or, more strictly, the north- 
 north-east wind. 
 
 34. 5. But double, etc.— That is, hearts which conceal their grief 
 thereby double it. 
 
 34. 8. Duessa.— See U. xiii. 2. 
 
THE FAERIE QUEENE. 43 
 
 XXXV. 
 
 "In prime of youthly yeares, when corage hott 
 The fire of love, and joy of chevalree 
 First kindled in my brest, it was my lott 
 To love this gentle \sidy, whome ye see 
 Now not a lady, but a seeming tree; 
 With whome, as once I rode accompanyde, 
 Me chaunced of a knight encountred bee, 
 That had a like f aire lady by his syde ; 
 Lyke a faire lady, but did fowle Duessa hyde. 
 
 xxxvi. 
 
 '• Whose forged beauty he did take in hand 
 All other dames to have exceeded farre; 
 I in defence of mine did likewise stand, 
 Mine, that did then shine as the morning starre. 
 So both to batteill fierce arraunged arre ; 
 In which his harder fortune was to fall 
 Under my speare: such is the dye of warre. 
 His lady, left as a prise martiall, 
 Did yield her comely person to be at my call. 
 
 XXXVII. 
 
 " So doubly Iov'd of ladies, unlike faire, 
 Th' one seeming such, the other such indeede, 
 One day in doubt I cast for to compare 
 Whether in beauties glorie did exceede; 
 A vosy girlend was the victors meede, 
 Both seemde to win, and both seemde won to bee; 
 So hard the discord was to be agreede. 
 Fraelissa was as faire as faire mote bee, 
 And ever false Duessa seemde as faire as shee. 
 
 XXXVIII. 
 
 "The wicked witch, now seeing all this while 
 The doubtfull ballaunce equally to sway, 
 
 35. 9- But did.-Butshedid. 
 
 36. 1. Did take in hand.— Did undertake, maintain, or was ready 
 to maintain by the sword. 
 
 37. 4, Whether — Which of the two. 
 37. 8. Mote.-Might. 
 
44 THE FAERIE QUEENE. 
 
 What not by right, she cast to win by guile; 
 
 And, by her hellish science raisd streight way 
 
 A foggy mist that overcast the day, 
 
 And a dull blast that breathing on her face 
 
 Dimmed her former beauties shining ray, 
 
 And with foule ugly forme did her disgrace: 
 
 Then was she fayre alone, when none was faire in place. 
 
 XXXIX. 
 
 " Then cride she out, ■ Fye, fye, deformed wight, 
 Whose borrowed beautie now appeareth plaine 
 To have before bewitched all mens sight: 
 O! leave her soone, or let her soone be slaine.' 
 Her loathly visage viewing with disdaine, 
 Eftsoones I thought her such as she me told, 
 And would have kild her; but with faigned paine 
 The false witch did my wrathfull hand withhold: 
 So left her, where she now is turned to treSn mould. 
 
 XL. 
 
 " Thensforth I tooke Duessa for my dame, 
 And in the witch unweeting joyd long time; 
 Ne ever wist but that she was the same; 
 Till on a day (that day is everie prime, 
 When witches w^ont do penance for their crime,) 
 I chaunst to see her in her proper hew, 
 Bathing her selfe in origane and thyme: 
 
 38. 3. "What not.— What she could not.— cast, contrived. 
 
 38. 9. In place.— In the place; or perhaps instead, that is, opposed to 
 her. 
 
 39. 1. Wight was formerly both masculine and feminine; here it 
 refers to Fraelissa. 
 
 39. 6. Eftsoones.— Soon after, straightway. 
 
 39. 9. Treen mould.— Form of a tree; ireen, an adjective formed 
 from tree, in the same way as leathern from leather. 
 
 40. 2. Unweeting.— Not weeting or knowing, ignorant. Old Eng. 
 weet, to know; hence wot. uit, from A.S. witan, to know; Ger. wissen. 
 
 40. 3. Wist.— A.S. wiste, pa.t. of witan. See previous note. 
 
 40. 4-5. That day, etc.— This refers to the once common belief that 
 witches had to wash themselves once a year as a penance, when they 
 were sometimes changed into wolves and other beasts. See Par. Lost, 
 x. 575.— prime here evidently means spring-time. 
 
 40. 6. Hew — Shape. 
 
 40. 7. Bathing her selfe, etc.— Origane (L. origanum), or bastard 
 marjoram, according to Gerarde's Herball, "healeth scabs, itchingn. 
 and scurvinesse, being used in bathes." Thyme was deemed of similar 
 virtue. 
 
 LofC. 
 
THE FAERIE QUEEKE. 45 
 
 A filthy foule old woman I did vew, 
 
 That ever to have touch t her I did deadly rew 
 
 XLI 
 
 " Her neather partes misshapen, monsti uous, 
 Were hidd in water; that I could not see; 
 But they did seeme more foule and hideous, 
 Then womans shape man would beleeve to bee. 
 Tbensforth from her most beastly companie 
 I gan refraine, in minde to slipp away, 
 Soone as appeard safe opportunitie: 
 For danger great, if not assurd decay, 
 I saw before mine eyes, if I were knowne to stray. 
 
 " The divelish hag by chaunges of my cheare 
 Perceiv'd my thought; and, drownd in sleepie night, 
 With wicked herbes and oyntments did besmeare 
 My body all, through charmes and magicke might, 
 That all my senses were bereaved quight: 
 Then brought she me into this desert waste, 
 And by my wretched lovers side me pight; 
 Where now enclosd in wooden wals full faste, 
 Banisht from living wights, our wearie daies we waste." 
 
 XLIII. 
 
 " But how long time," said then the Elfin knight, 
 " Are you in this misformed hous to dwell? '' 
 "We may not chaunge," quoth he, " this evill plight, 
 Till we be bathed in a living well: 
 That is the terme prescribed by the spell." 
 " O how," sayd he, " mote I that well out find, 
 That may restore you to your wonted well?" 
 
 41. 9. If I were knowne, etc.— That is, if she knew or caught him 
 trying to leave her; hence he watched a "safe opportunitie to slipp 
 away." 
 
 42. 1. By chaunges, etc.— By the change of my countenance or bear- 
 ing to her. See I. ii. 8. 
 
 42 2. Drownd = I being drowned. 
 
 42. 7. Pight.— Fixed, set; an old pa.p. of r'tch, perhaps allied to Gr. 
 pegnumi, to fix, pitch. 
 
 43. 6. Mote.— Might. 
 
 43. 7. Wonted well.— Usual natural well-being or weaL 
 
46 THE FAERIE QUEENE. 
 
 "Time and sufflised fates to former kynd 
 
 Shall us restore; none else from hence may us unbynd " 
 
 XLIY. 
 
 The false Duessa, now Fidessa bight, 
 Heard how in vaine Fradubio did lament, 
 And knew well all was true. But the good knight, 
 Full of sad feare and ghastly dreriment, 
 When all this speech the living tree had spent, 
 The bleeding bough did thrust into the ground, 
 That from the blood he might be innocent, 
 And with fresh clay did close the wooden wound: 
 Then, turning to his lady, dead with feare her fownd. 
 
 XLV. 
 
 Her seeming dead he found with feigned feare, 
 As all unweeting of that well she knew; 
 And paynd himselfe with busie care to reare 
 Her out of carelesse swowne. Her eyelids blew, 
 And dimmed sight with pale and deadly hew, 
 At last she up gan lift; with trembling cheare 
 Her up he tooke, (too simple and too trew,) 
 And oft her kist At length, all passed feare, 
 He set her on her steede, and forward forth did beare. 
 
 43. 8. Suffised.— Satisfied, fulfilled, —former kynd, former nature, that 
 is, human nature or form. 
 
 44. 1. Hight.— Called. A.S. hatan, to call, name; Ger. heissen. 
 
 44. 4. Dreriment.— Dreariness, awe. 
 
 45. 2. Unweeting.— See II. xl. 2.— that well she knew = that of which 
 she knew well. 
 
 45. 6. Cheare,— See I. ii. 8. 
 
PROTHALAMION 
 
 OR, 
 
 A SPOUSALL VERSE, 
 
 MADE BY 
 
 EDMUND SPENSER, 
 
 IN HONOUR OF THE DOUBLE MARIAGE OF THE TWO HONOUR- 
 ABLE AND VERTUOUS LADIES, THE LADIE ELIZABETH, AND 
 THE LADIE KATHERINE SOMERSET, DAUGHTERS TO THE 
 RIGHT HONOURABLE, THE EARLE OF WORCESTER, AND 
 ESPOUSED TO THE TWO WORTHIE GENTLEMEN, M. HENRY 
 GILFORD, AND M. WILLIAM PETER, ESQUYERS. 
 
 Caline was the day, and through the trembling ayre 
 
 Sweete-breathing Zephyrus did softly play 
 
 A gentle spirit, that lightly did delay 
 
 Hot Titans beames, which then did glyster fay re ; 
 
 When I, (whom sullen care, 5 
 
 Through discontent of my long f ruitlesse stay 
 
 In Princes Court, and expectation vayne 
 
 Of idle hopes, which still doe fly away, 
 
 Like empty shaddowes, did afflict my brayne,) 
 
 Walkt forth to ease my payne 10 
 
 Along the shoare of silver streaming Themmes ; 
 
 Whose rutty Bancke, he which his River hemmes 
 
 Was paynted all with variable flowers, 
 
 2. Zephyrus.— The Latin personification of the west wind. 
 4. Titan.— The sun, so-called by Ovid and Virgil. 
 
 11. Themmes.— The Thames River, ihe largest river of England, on 
 which London is situated. 
 
 12. Rutty.— Filled with roots, 
 
 47 
 
48 PROTHALAMION. 
 
 And all the meades adornd with daintie geinnies 
 
 Fit to decke maydens bowres, 15 
 
 And crowne their Paramours 
 
 Against the Brydale day, which is not long : 
 
 Sweete Themmes ! runne softly, till I end my Song. 
 
 There, in a Meadow, by the Rivers side, 
 
 A Flocke of Nymphes I chaunced to espy, 20 
 
 All lovely Daughters of the Flood thereby, 
 With goodly greenish locks, all loose untyde, 
 As each had bene a Bryde ; 
 And each one had a little wicker basket, 
 
 Made of fine twigs, en tray led curiously, 25 
 
 In which they gathered flowers to fill their flasket, 
 And with fine Fingers cropt full feateously 
 The tender stalkes on bye. 
 Of every sort, which in that Meadow grew, 
 They gathered some ; the Violet, pallid blew, 30 
 
 The little Dazie, that at evening closes, 
 The virgin Lillie, and the Primrose trew, 
 With store of vermeil Roses, 
 To decke their Bridegrornes posies, 
 
 Against the Brydale day, which was not long : 35 
 
 Sweete Themmes ! runne softly, till I end my Song. 
 
 With that I saw two Swannes of goodly hewe 
 
 Come softly swimming downe along the Lee ; 
 
 Two fairer Birds I yet did never see ; 
 
 The snow, which doth the top of Pindus strew, 40 
 
 Did never whiter shew, 
 
 Nor Jove bimselfe, when he a Swan would be, 
 
 16. Paramours. — Lovers. 
 25 Entrayled. -Interlaced. 
 27. Feateously.— Neatly. 
 
 33. Vermeil.— Vermilion. 
 
 38 JLee River. 
 
 40 Pindus.— One of the mountain peaks of Thrace, where dwelt the 
 Muses. 
 
 42 Nor Jove liimselfe, etc — In Greek mythology Zeus (the heavens 
 above) in the form of a swan (the clouds) embraces Leda (mother earth), 
 
PROTHALAMIOtf. 49 
 
 For love of Leda, whiter did appeare ; 
 
 Yet Leda was (they say) as white as he, 
 
 Yet not so white as these, nor nothing neare ; 45 
 
 So purely white they were, 
 
 That even the gentle streame, the which them bare, 
 
 Seem'd foule to them, and bad his billowes spare 
 
 To wet their silken feathers, least they might 
 
 Soyle their fayre plumes with water not so fayre, 50 
 
 And marre their beauties bright, 
 
 That shone as heavens light, 
 
 Against their Brydale day, which was not long : 
 
 Sweete Themmes ! runne softly, till I end my Song. 
 
 Eftsoones the Nymphes, which now had Flowers their fill, 55 
 
 Ran all in haste to see that silver brood, 
 
 As they came floating on the Christal Flood ; 
 
 Whom when they sawe, they stood amazed still, 
 
 Their wondring eyes to fill ; 
 
 Them seem'd they never saw a sight so fayre, 60 
 
 Of Fowles, so lovely, that they sure did deeme 
 
 Them heavenly borne, or to be that same payre 
 
 Which through the Side draw Venus silver Teeme ; 
 
 For sure they did not seeme 
 
 To be begot of any earthly Seede, 65 
 
 But rather Angels, or of Angels breede ; 
 
 Yet were they bred of Somers-heat, they say, 
 
 In sweetest Season, when each Flower and weede 
 
 The earth did fresh Array ; 
 
 So fresh they seem'd as day, 70 
 
 Even as their Brydale day, which was not long : 
 
 Sweete Themmes ! runne softly, till I end my Song. 
 
 Then forth they all out of their baskets drew 
 Great store of Flowers, the honour of the field, 
 
 55. Eftsoo ties. —Soon after. 
 60. Them seem'd.— It seemed to them. 
 
 63. Which through the Skie, etc.— fh Roman mythology the car of 
 Venus is drawn by doves. 
 
50 PROTHALAMIOK. 
 
 That to the sense did fragrant odours yeild, 75 
 
 All which upon those goodly Birds they threw 
 
 And all the "Waves did strew, 
 
 That like old Peneus Waters they did seeme, 
 
 When downe along by pleasant Terupes shore, 
 
 Scattred with Flowres, through Thessaly they streerae, 80 
 
 That they appeare, through Lillies plenteous store, 
 
 Like a Brydes Chamber flore. 
 
 Two of those Nyrnphes, meanewhile, two Garlands bound 
 
 Of freshest Flowers which in that Mead they found, 
 
 The which presenting all in trim Array, 85 
 
 Their snowie Foreheads therewithall they crown'd, 
 
 Whil'st one did sing this Lay, 
 
 Prepar'd against that Day, 
 
 Against their Brydale day, which was not long : 
 
 Sweete Themmes ! runne softly, till I end my Song. 90 
 
 ' Ye gentle Birdes ! the worlds faire ornament, 
 
 And heavens glorie, whom this happie bower 
 
 Doth leade unto your lovers blisfull bower, 
 
 Joy may you have, and gentle hearts content 
 
 Of your loves couplement ; 95 
 
 And let faire Venus, that is Queene of love, 
 
 With her heart-quelling Sonne upon you smile, 
 
 Whose smile, they say, hath vertue to remove 
 
 All Loves dislike, and friendships faultie guile 
 
 For ever to assoile. 100 
 
 Let endlesse Peace your steadfast hearts accord, 
 
 And blessed Plentie wait upon your bord ; 
 
 And let your bed with pleasures chast abound, 
 
 78. Peneus. — A famous river of Greece. 
 
 79. Tempe.— A valley in Thessaly in Greece, between Mount Olym- 
 pus and Mount Ossa, famed for its beauty. 
 
 95. Couplement. — Union, marriage. Cf. Faerie. Queene. Bk. IV, 
 Canto III, lii : 
 
 •'In perfect love, devoide of hatefull strife, 
 Allide with bands of mutuall couplement." 
 97. Her heart-quelling Sonne. — Cupid. 
 
 100. Assoile.— Remove. Cf. Faerie Queene, Bk. IV, Canto VI, xxv : 
 " Well weeting how their errour to assoyle." 
 
PROTHALAMIOtf. 51 
 
 That fruitfull issue may to you afford, 
 
 Which, may your foes confound, 105 
 
 And make your joyes redound 
 
 Upon your Brydale day, which is not long : 
 
 Sweete Themmes ! runne softly, till I end my Song.' 
 
 So ended she ; and all the rest arouud 
 
 To her redoubled that her undersong, 110 
 
 Which said their Brydale daye should not be long: 
 And gentle Eccho from the neighbour ground 
 Their accents did resound. 
 So forth those joyous Birdes did passe along, 
 Adowne the Lee, that to them murmurde low, 115 
 
 As he would speake, but that he lackt a tong, 
 Yet did by signes his glad affection show, 
 Making his streame run slow. 
 And all the foule which in his flood did dwell 
 Gan flock about these twaine, that did excell 120 
 
 The rest, so far as Cynthia doth shend 
 The lesser starres. So they, enranged well, 
 Did on those two attend, 
 And their best service lend 
 
 Against their wedding day, which was not long : 125 
 
 Sweete Themmes ! run softly, till I end my Song. 
 
 At length they all to mery London came, 
 
 To mery London, my most kyndly Nurse, 
 
 That to me gave this Lifes first native sourse, 
 
 Though from another place I take my name, 130 
 
 An house of auncient fame : 
 
 There when they came, whereas those bricky towres 
 
 The which on Themmes brode aged backe doe ryde, 
 
 Where now the studious Lawyers have their bowers, 
 
 110. Undersong. — The burden or refrain of a song. 
 
 120. Gan.— Began. 
 
 121. Cynthia.— In Greek mythology, the moon. Shend, put to shame. 
 
 131. House of auncient fame.— The Spencers of Althorp. 
 
 132. Bricky towres.— The towers of Temple Bar. The adjacent 
 courts were later given over to lawyers. 
 
52 PKOTHALAMION. 
 
 There whylome wont the Templer Knights to byde, 135 
 
 Till they decay'd through pride : 
 
 Next whereunto there standes a stately place, 
 
 Where oft I gayned giftes and goodly grace 
 
 Of that great Lord, which therein wont to dwell, 
 
 Whose want too well now feeles my freendles case ; 140 
 
 But ah ! here fits not well 
 
 Olde woes, but joyes, to tell 
 
 Against the Bridale daye, which is not long : 
 
 Sweete Themnies ! runne softly, till I end my Song. 
 
 Yet therein now doth lodge a noble Peer, 145 
 
 Great Englands glory, and the Worlds wide wonder 
 
 Whose dreadfull name late through all Spaine did thunder, 
 
 And Hercules two pillors standing heere 
 
 Did make to quake and feare : 
 
 Faire branch of Honour, flower of Chevalrie 150 
 
 That flllest England with thy triumphes fame, 
 
 Joy have thou of thy noble victorie, 
 
 And endlesse happinesse of thine owne name 
 
 That promiseth the same ; 
 
 That through thy prowesse, and victorious armes, 155 
 
 Thy country may be freed from forraine harmes ; 
 
 And great Elisaes glorious name may ring 
 
 Through all the world, fil'd with thy wide Alarmes, 
 
 Which some brave muse may sing 
 
 To ages following, 160 
 
 Upon the Brydale day, which is not long : 
 
 Sweete Themmes ! rnnne softly till I end my Song. 
 
 135. Whylonie. — Formerly. Templer Knights. — The famous cru- 
 sading Knights Templars whose order was suppressed in 1312 by the 
 Pope. 
 
 139. That great L.ord.— The Earl of Essex, Spenser's patron. 
 
 147. Dreadfull name. — Essex's successful descent upon Cadiz 
 raised him to the zenith of his fame. 
 
 148. Hercules two pillors.— The Rock of Gibraltar and flit. Hacho 
 opposite, in Africa, are so called. The London house of the Earl of 
 Essex stood in the Strand, where Essex Street, now is, and is still repre- 
 sented by the two pillars which stand at the bottom of that street. 
 
 157. Elisaes.— Queen Elizabeth's. 
 
PROTHALAMION. 53 
 
 From those high Towers this noble Lord issuing, 
 
 Like Radiant Hesper, when his golden hayre 
 
 In tli' Ocean billovves he hath bathed fayre, 165 
 
 Descended to the Rivers open vewing, 
 
 With a great train ensuing. 
 
 Above the rest were goodly to bee seene 
 
 Two gentle Knights of lovely face and feature, 
 
 Beseeming well the bower of anie Queene, 170 
 
 With gifts of wit, and ornaments of nature, 
 
 Fit for so goodly stature, 
 
 That like the twins of Jove they seem'd in sight, 
 
 Which decke the Bauldricke of the Heavens bright ; 
 
 They two, forth pacing to the Rivers side, 175 
 
 Received those two faire Brides, their Loves delight ; 
 
 Which, at th' appointed tyde, 
 
 Each one did make his Bryde 
 
 Against their Brydale day, which is not long : 
 
 Sweete Themmes ! runne softly, till I end my Song. 150 
 
 164. Hesper.— In Greek mythology, the evening stnr. 
 
 173. The twins of Jove. — Castor and Pollux, children of Jove and 
 Leda, and, in Greek mythology, forming the constellation of Gemini, 
 one of the signs of the Zodiac. 
 
 174. Bauldricke.— Belt ; here, the Milky Way. Cf. J. R. Drake, 
 The American Flag : 
 
 " The milky baldric of the skies." 
 
MAYNARD'S 
 ENGLISH CLASSIC SERIES. 
 
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 No. 1 Byron's Prophecy of Dante. (Cantos I. and 
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 " 2 Milton's L'Allegro, and II Penseroso. 
 
 " 3 Lord Bacon's .Essays, Civil and Moral. 
 (Selected.) 
 
 •' 4 Byron's Prisoner of Chillon. 
 
 •' 5 Moore's Fire Worshipers— Lalla Bookh. 
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 •' 6 Goldsmith's Deserted Village. 
 
 '* 7 Scott's Marmion. (Selections from Canto VI.) 
 
 " 8 Scott's Lay of the Last Minstrel. (Introduc- 
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 " 8 Burns's Cotter's Saturday Night, and other 
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 " 10 Crabbe's The Village. 
 
 " 11 Campbell's Pleasures of Hope. (Abridgment 
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 " 12 Macaulay's Essay on Bunyan's Pilgrim's 
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 " 13 Macaulay's Armada, and other Poems. 
 
 " 14 Shakespeare's Merchant of Venice. (Selec- 
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 M 15 Goldsmith'! Traveler. 
 
 11 16 Hogg's Queen's Wake, and Kilmeny. 
 
 ~ L* 
 
 
No 
 
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 50 
 
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 51 
 
 ENGLISH CLASS/CS— continued. 
 
 Coleridge's Ancient Mariner. 
 
 Addison's Sir Roger de Coverley. 
 
 Gray's Elegy in a Country Churchyard. 
 
 Scott's Lady of the Lake. (Canto I.) (Con- 
 densed.) 
 
 Shakespeare's As You Like It, etc. (Selec- 
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 (Selections.) 
 
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 Milton's Comus. 
 
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 Irving's Sketch ^3ook. (Selections.) 
 
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 Memory Quotations. 
 
 Cavalier Poets. 
 
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 Milton's Lycidas, and Hymn on the Na- 
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 Ruskin's Modern Painters. (Selections.) 
 
 The Shakespeare Speaker. 
 
 Thackeray's Roundabout Papers. (Selected.) 
 
 Webster's Oration on Adams and Jeffer- 
 son. 
 
ENGLISH CLASSICS— continued. 3 
 
 X No. 52 Brown's Bab and His Friends. 
 
 jt, " 53 Morris's Life and Death of Jason. 
 
 >C " 54 Burke's Speech on American Taxation. 
 
 " 55 Pope's Bape of the Lock. 
 
 " 56 Tennyson's Elaine. 
 
 X " 57 Tennyson's In Memoriam. 
 
 > " 58 Church's Story of the .iEneid. 
 
 y " 59 Church's Story of the Iliad. 
 
 y " 60 Swift's Gulliver's Voyage to Lilliput. 
 
 V " 61 Macaulay's Essay on Lord Bacon. (Con- 
 
 densed.) 
 " 62 The Alcestis of Euripides. English Version 
 
 by Rev. R. Potter. M.A. 
 " 63 Antigone of Sophocles. English Version by 
 
 Thomas Francklin, D.D 
 '• 64 Elizabeth Barrett Browning. (Selected 
 
 Poems.) 
 " 65 Bobert Browning. (Selected Poems.) 
 " 66 Addison. The Spectator. (Selections.) 
 ' " 67 Scenes from George Eliot's Adam Bede. 
 ^ " 68 Matthew Arnold's Culture and Anarchy. 
 
 V " 69 De Quincey's Joan of Arc. 
 V" 70 Carlyle's Essay on Burns. 
 
 V •• 71 Byron's Childe Harold's Pilgrimage. 
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 ber.) (Condensed.) 
 * " 75 "Webster's Beply to Hayne. 
 " 76-77 Macaulay's Lays of Ancient Borne. 
 
 (Double Number.) 
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 " 79-80 Scott's Lady of the Lake. (Condensed.) 
 
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 " 81-82 Scott's Marmion. (Condensed.) (Double 
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 v " 83-84 Pope's Essay on Man. (Double Number.) 
 " 85 Shelley's Skylark, and Adonais. 
 " 86 Dickens's Cricket on the Hearth. 
 " 87 Spencer's Philosophy of Style. 
 " 88 Lamb's Essays of Elia. 
 
 " 89 Cowper's Task. Book II., and 350 lines, 
 ^ Book VI. 
 
 £" 90 "Wordsworth. (Selected Poems.) 
 > c " 91 Tennyson's Holy Grail. 
 " 92 Addison's Cato, 
 
4 ENGLISH CLASSICS— continued. 
 
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 iL " 04-05 Macaulay's Earl of Chatham. Second 
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 * " 96 Early English Ballads. 
 
 * " 97 Skelton.Wyatt, and Surrey. (Selected Poems.) 
 " 98 Edwin Arnold. (Selected Poems.) 
 
 |C" 99 Caxton and Daniel. (Selections.) 
 
 *" 100 Fuller and Hooker. (Selections.) 
 
 X " 101 Marlowe's The Jew of Malta. (Condensed.) 
 
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 " 106 Macaulay's Essay on Boswell's Johnson. 
 " 107 Mandeville's Travels and Wycliffe's Bible. 
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 " 112-113-114 Franklin's Autobiography. (Triple 
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 f " 115-116 Herodotus' s Stories of Croesus, Cyrus, 
 
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 I " 117 Irving' s Alhambra. 
 
 " 118 Burke's Present Discontents. 
 > " 119 Burke's Speech on Conciliation with 
 
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 .. •' 120 Macaulay's Essay on Byron. 
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 " 124 Arnold's Sohrab and Bustum. 
 " 125-126 Longfellow's Evangeline. (Double 
 
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 " 129 Lowell's The Vision of Sir Launfal, and 
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 ¥*." 131 Words of Abraham Lincoln. 
 
 " 132 Grimm's German Fairy Tales. (Selected.) 
 
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 " 133 -ffisop's Fables. (Selected.) (Also bound in 
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ENGLISH CLASSICS— continued. 5 
 
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 " 135-136 The Psalter. 
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 " 139-140 Scott's Kenilworth. (Condensed.) 
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 '* 176 Buskin's Of Kings' Treasuries. First half 
 
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 " 177 Buskin's Of Queens] Gardens. Second 
 
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 " 178 Macaulay's Life of Johnson. 
 
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 •• 181-182-183 "Wykes'a Shakespeare Beader. 
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6 ENGLISH CLASSICS— continued. 
 
 No. 18 4= Hawthorne's Grandfather's Chair. Part I. 
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 " 185-186 Southey's Life of Nelson. (Double 
 Number.) (Condensed.) 
 r " 187 Curtis's Public Duty of Educated Men. 
 * " 188-189 Hawthorne's Twice-Told Tales. (Double 
 
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 >' " 190-191 Chesterfield's Letters to his Son. 
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 " 192 English and American Sonnets. 
 " 193 Emerson's Seli-Reliance. 
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 * 4 199 Plato's Crito. 
 *' 200 A Dog of Flanders. 
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 " 203 Hawthorne's Snow-Image, The Great 
 
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 41 204 Poe's Gold Bug. 
 " 205 Holmes' Poems. (Selected.) 
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 " 208 Thomas Hood's Poems. (Selected.) 
 " 209 Tennyson's Palace of Art, and other Poems. 
 " 210 Browning's Saul, and other Poems. 
 " 211 Matthew Arnold's Poems (Selected). 
 X*' 212-213 Scott's Lay of the Last Minstrel. 
 "*" 214 Paul's Trip with the Moon. 
 *" 215 Craik's Little Lame Prince. 
 " 216 Speeches of Lincoln and Douglas in 1858. 
 - " 217 Hawthorne's Two Tanglewood Tales. 
 " 218-219 Longfellow's Hiawatha. 
 " 220 Dante Gabriel Bosetti's Poems. (Selected.) 
 
 uv 
 
 
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ENGLISH CLASSICS— continued. 
 
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JAN 19 1901 
 
 8 ENGLISH CLASSICS— continued. 
 
 Historical Classic Readings. 
 
 With Introduction and Explanatory Notes. For Classes 
 in History. Reading, and Literature. 
 No. 1 Irving's Discovery of America by Colum- 
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 ■• 2 Captain John Smith's Settlement of Virginia. 
 " 3 Gov. Bradford's History of Plymouth Plan- 
 tation. 
 " 4 Gov. Hutchinson's King Philip's "War, and 
 
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 " 5 Shea's Discovery and Exploration of the 
 
 Mississippi Valley. 
 " 6 Parkman's Champlain and His Associates. 
 " 7 Parkman's Braddock's Defeat. 
 " 8 Everett's First Battles of the Kevolution. 
 " 9 Parton's Colonial Pioneers. 
 " 10 Parton's Heroes of the Revolution. 
 Each number contains from 50 to 64 pages 12 
 
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 6. 5. 
 
88 Lamb's Essays of Eli*. (Selected.) 
 
 89 Cowper's Task, Book II. 
 
 90 Wordsworth's Selected Poems. 
 
 91 Tennyson's The Holy Grail, and Sir 
 
 Galahad. 
 
 92 Addison's Cato. 
 
 93 lrving's Westminster Abbey, and 
 
 Christmas Sketches. 
 94-95 Macaulay's Earl of Chatham. 
 Second Essay. 
 
 96 Early Eusrlish Ballads. 
 
 97 Skelton, Wyatt, and Surrey. (Selected 
 
 Poems.) 
 
 98 Edwin Arnold. (Selected Poems.) 
 
 99 Caxton and Daniel. (Selections.) 
 
 100 Puller and Hooker. (Selections.) 
 
 101 Marlowe's Jew of Malta. (Condensed.) 
 102-103 Macaulay's Essay ou Milton. 
 104-105 Macaulay's Essay on Addison. 
 
 106 Macaulay'sEssayonBoswell'sJohnson 
 
 107 Mandeville's Travels and WyclinVs 
 
 Bible. (Selections.) 
 108-109 Macaulay's Essay on Frederick 
 
 the Great. 
 110-111 Milton's Samson Agonistes. 
 112-113-114 Franklin's Autobiography. 
 116-116 Herodotus's Stories of Croesus, 
 
 Cyrus, and Babylon. 
 
 117 lrving's Aiharabra. (Selected.) 
 
 118 Burke's Present Discontents. 
 
 119 Burke's Speech on Conciliation with 
 
 American Colonies. 
 
 120 Macaulay's Essay on Byron. 
 121-122 Motley's Peter the Great. 
 
 123 Emerson's American Scholar. 
 
 124 Arnold's Sohrab and Bustum. 
 125-126 Longfellow's Evangeline. 
 
 127 Andersen's Danish Fairy Tales. 
 
 (Selected.) 
 
 128 Tennyson's The Coming of Arthur, 
 
 and The Passing of Arthur. 
 
 129 Lowell's The Vision of Sir Lannfal, 
 
 and other Poems. 
 
 130 Whittier's Songs of Labor, and other 
 
 Poems. 
 
 131 Words of Abraham Lincoln. 
 
 132 Grimm's German Fairy Tales. (Se- 
 
 lected.) 
 
 133 JEsop's Fables. (Selected.) 
 
 134 Arabian Nights: Aladdin, or the 
 
 Wonderful Lamp. 
 135-36 The Psalter. 
 137-38 Scott's Ivanhoe. (Condensed.) 
 139-40 Scott's Kenilworth. (Condensed.) 
 141-42 Scott'sTheTalisman. (Condensed.) 
 143 Gods and Heroes of the North. 
 144-45 Pope's Iliad of Homer. (Selec- 
 tions from Books I. -VIII.) 
 
 146 Four Mediaeval Chroniclers. 
 
 147 Dante's Inferno. (Condensed.) 
 148-49 TheBookofJoh. (Revised Version.) 
 
 150 Bow-Wow and Mew-Mew. By Geor- 
 
 gians M. Craik. 
 
 151 The Nam berg Store. By Louise de 
 , la Ramee. 
 
 152 Hayne's Speech. To which Webster 
 
 replied. 
 168 Alice's Adventures in Wonderland 
 (Condensed.) By Lewis Carroll. 
 
 164-155 Defoe's Journal of the Plague. 
 
 (Condensed.) 
 156-167 More's Utopia. (Condensed.) 
 168-159 Lamb's Essays. (Selections.) 
 160-161 Burke's Reflections on the 
 
 French Be volution. 
 162-163 Macaulay's History of England, 
 
 Chapter I. 
 164-166-166 Preseott's Conquest of Mexi- 
 co. (Condensed.) 
 
 167 Longfellow's Voices oT the Night, 
 
 and other Poems. 
 
 168 Hawthorne's Wonder Book. Selected 
 
 Tales. 
 
 169 DeQuincey's Flight of a Tartar 
 
 Tribe. 
 1 70-1 71-1 72 George Eliot's Silas Marner. 
 173 Buskin's King of the Golden BiTer, 
 
 and Dame Wiggins of Lee and her 
 
 Seven Wonderful Cats. 
 174-176 Irving's Tales of a Traveler. 
 
 176 Buskin's Of King's Treasuries. First 
 
 half of Sesame and Lilies. 
 
 177 Buskin's Of Queens' Gardens. Second 
 
 half of Sesame and Lilies. 
 
 178 Macaulay's Life of Johnson. 
 179-180 Defoe's Robinson Crusoe. 
 181-182-183 Wykes'sShakespeareReader. 
 184 Hawthorne's Grandfather's Chair. 
 
 Part I. 
 
 185-186 Sonthey's Life of Nelson. Con- 
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 187 Curtis's The Public Duty of Educated 
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 188-189 Hawthorne's Twice-Told Tales. 
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 190-1 91 Chesterfield's Letters to His Son. 
 
 192 English and American Sonnets. 
 
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 195-196 Tennyson's The Princess. 
 197-198 Pope's Homer's Iliad. Books I., 
 
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 199 Plato's Crito. 
 
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 216 Speeches of Lincoln and Douglas in 
 
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 217 Hawthorne's Two Tanglewood Tales. 
 
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