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Ev'it Yiilrjij i»np»n p 1 ^ Entered, according to Ai t of I ongress, in the year 1874, by the Erie Railwaj ' ompany, in the ( tffice of the Librariai Washington i\Ti;oi>reTio\ r . ^"HE management of the Erie Railway Compan) pre- sents the "Tourist" to its patrons, friends, and the genera] public, in this form, to introduce a more intimate and detailed knowledge of the beauties, advantages, and resources of its line. The route of the Erie Railwaj is peculiarly rich among American railroads in the variety and extent of il In the following pages only a very few of the abounding landscapes of the route have been reproduced. The val- le\ of the Xeversink, as seen from the grade east of Port Jervis. rivals the view from the Starucca Viaduct ; and the panorama of beauty in the valley of the Delaware is con- tinually interesting in the rapidly alternating glimpses of river, gaps, and mountains. Passing their summit, the pastoral beauties of the vallcvs of the Susquehanna and Chemung rivers widen into broader and more cultivated landscapes, reaching back to the receding mountains. Ascending again to the "Summit" which divides the wa- ters between the ocean, the great lakes, and rivers, the Genesee and Alleghany rivers present new varieties of picturesque scenery, which will interest the observing business or pleasure traveler. While the enjoyments of travel are enhanced prodigal attractions of Nature, which it is the desire to make more generally known, the route of the Erie Rail- way is also interesting in a consideration of its improve- ments and resources. The following pages, therefore, state briej di salient interest concerning the cities and towns along the line, and make general reference to the traffic n [opment of which, upon a basis alike profit the transporter and the transported, it is believed will in- sure permanent prosperity to the Company, to the people, and to the enterprises tributary to the line. To present these considi fully than be- fore, this volume is issued ; and it is believed that a trip via the Erie Railway in its broad, richly-appointed cars. running over a track which challenges compari smoothness and safety, will be both pleasantly and profit- ably beguiled by a perusal of "THE ERIE RAILWAY TOURIST." THE ERIE RAILWAY TOURIST "AT HOHOKUS." While there may be grander views on the line of the Erie Railway than that which the artist has sketched under the foregoing title, there are certainly none more lovely or alluring to the lover of nature. The view is taken looking eastward. On the right ascends a bold and tin. kly-wooded hillside ; in the foreground is a heavy piece of masonry, .spanning a watercourse some fifty or sixty feet while on the left, though unfortunately beyond the limits of the picture, stretching away from the base of the hill, the historic Paramus Valley, a glance at which from the car-window in passing discloses many points of inter- est. Close at hand is the former home of the beautiful .Miss Prevost, who became the wife of Aaron Burr; far- ther off in the valley is the old Paramus Church, tempo- rarily used as a prison-house by the British soldiery during the Revolution, while under the shadow of the green hills, bounding the valley's farther verge, is the country-seat of Jefferson, the famous comedian. ERIE SUMMER RESORTS. Everybody who can, leaves New York or its environs du- ring the warm weather. Some, whose purses are long, hie them to Long Branch, Newport, or Saratoga. But, by far the lar- ger number, people of mode- rate means or quieter inclina- tions, eschew the haunts of fashion, and hurry away to some quiet nook in the coun- try, or to some of the pictu- resque villages and towns which bestud Northern New Jersey and Orange county within a distance of a hundred miles from the metropolis. In a work recently publish- ed by the Erie Railway Com- panv, entitled, "Where shall we spend tile Summer ?" accu- rate information relating to all such points has been furnished gratuitously to the million. Let us here take a hurried glimpse of the hints— and they are good ones — which it offers those for a summer country boarding-place. It will surprise us, en passant, to note how the first hundred miles teem with cosy resorts of all varieties, from the modest farmhouse in the meadow-land, or the mountain cottage nestling under the shadows of wildest hillsides, to the summer hotels, fitted up with all the conven- ; cit) life. Here are Rutherfurd Park, with its fine summer hotel, and its splendid boating facilities on the Passaic; Clifton, overlooking the picturesque Lake Dundee; Ridgewood and Hohokus in the historic Para- mus Valley; Suffern and Ramapo, with their good hotels and bracing mountain air ; Cornwall and Newburgh nest- ling among the Highlands of the majestic Hudson ; Green- wood Lake, surrounded by mountains, and with three first- class hotels facing it; Goshen, Florida, and Middletown, all mi them delightful places right in the heart of the fa- mous dairy region of Orange county, a land literally flow- ing with milk and honey , Seven-Spring Mountain, a pic- turesque resort near Monroe, and rendered attractive by an extensive and well-kept hotel ; Guymard, another charming retreat on the Shawangunk mountain-side over- looking the Xeversink Valley ; Port Jervis, on the Dela- ware, almost shut in by high mountain-peaks, and most romantically located ; Milford, eight miles from it, famed for its fine hotels, tiptop cookery, and pretty scenery; lookint T il E E R 1 1- RA LLWAV I'OUR] ST Monticello and White Lake, in the i entre of the finest trout and game region in the State , Lake Mohonk, a 1" autiful I water, lying i,200 feet above l H is within five miles easy vide of N< on the Wallkill Vallej Bran( h extending from Goshen. From this point i Eagle's Cliff near by, may be gained a view that is s rand and im- pressive. Below lie the Rondout and Wall- kill valleys; to the east winds the Hud- son, beyond which may bo traced the misty lines of the Green Mountains; while in the west, from the Alleghanies in the southwest to the Cone of Overlook in the north, the entire horizon is bounded by a piled-up wall of blue. So great has the popularity of this spot become, that it lias been found necessary to enlarge the ca- ll, i itv of the hotel which is here situated, and which will now accommodate four hundred guests. The Overlook Mountain House, situated on Mount Overlook, a peak of the Woodstock Catskills, 3,860 feet high, is another attractive summer resort, and may be reached by the Wall- kill Valley and New York, Kingston, and Syracuse Railways in connection with the Erie From every room in the hotel, which accommodates five hundred guests, a magnificent view is obtained. The valley of the Hudson can be seen for one hundred miles, and the range of sight comprises also the Shawangunk, Catskill, and Berkshires. This has been a favorite re- sort for many years, and is visited annually by some of the most noted men in the country. All these make up the more prominent summer resorts to which, in every succeeding season of warm weather, long trains of city- tired passengers hasten by way of the Erie Railway. Then, in imagination, fill in the chinks of the picture with a thousand-and-one farmhouses — out-of-the-way places, but clean, attractive, and hospitable, where one in the dog-days may idle, read, sleep, eat, ride, and fish to his heart's content. Imagine all these, we say, and you gain some idea of the extent of annual travel from New York to local summer resorts on the Erie Railway. VI IOW (>;■' I.\KE Mill ;i. <>r i in RURAL RETREATS ON I HI ERI1 R ML WAV. and may be reached within a few hours by taking the trains of the Erie Railway to Tort Jervis, the western terminus of the Eastern Division. STONY BROOK GLEN. About two miles from Dansville, the southern termi- nus of the Dansville and Mount Morris Branch of the Eric Railway, is the charming Glen of this name. As a resort for pleasure-seekers and Picnic and Excursion parties, it possesses many attractions, and is growing steadily in popular esteem. Its proximity to the cell Springs commands for it a very liberal p the visitors at that resort, while its convenience of access from the city of Rochester, acquires for it a name and fame in the western part of the State, worthy < mention. ROCK CITY. Six miles from Salamanca, on the Western Division oJ the Erie Railway, is the wonderful and interesting place Ix its season there is no finer sport than trout-fishing ; | of this name. The peculiar formation of the rocks which and no region in the vicinity of New York abounds in here abound, and their immense size and unlimited num- streams more replete with the "spotted beauties," than | ber, excite the curiosity and astonish the hundreds of vis- Pike and Wayne Counties in Pennsylvania, and Sullivan I itors who include a trip to this place in their round of County in New York, all of which places are tributary to, ' annual Excursion tours. THE HOME OF THE TROUT. THE ERIE RAILWAY TOURIST THROUGH TRAVEL BY THE ERIE RAILWAY. p j 1M { then is no better gauge by which to measure the immense through travel which passes over the Erie Railway during any given period, than the number of the sleeping and drawing-room coaches which is daily ^•nt out from the depot at Jersey City for each of the prominent Western cities. Time was, and nol ver) long ago either, when to travel a hun- dred miles or so in the same i considered no small achievement ; but this sinks into insignificance when we see dail) departing from the fei • ■■ City terminus of the line palatial Pullman coaches, each destined for some one of the prim ipal cit- ies in the West. Here, for in- stance, is one in which the trav- eler, without alighting, may be carried to Buffalo and Niagara Falls ; another which crosses the Great Suspension Bridge, and goes on over the Great Western Railway of Canada to I >etroi1 , another which continues on over the same route via the Michi- gan Central to Chicago; another which runs through In way of the Atlantic and Great Western Railway to Cleveland ; another which carries its passet I 1 1 tad and without change, to Cincinnati; and last, hut by no means least, a sixth coach iauses not until it has I it hi r oi W iters, and landi i jet s in the of St. I ,ouis. No amounl of experiem e or habit, however much it familiar- izes us with Ami ever sei vi tmon place to the thot the grandeur ol as this, which dail) sends out its \'ur less worth remark are the interiot oi tl aches themselves The upholsti i e i ombined to render them mi . in which, by day or by night, the traveler may be surrounded with all the luxurious ap- pointments of a first-class hoteL And thus it is that modern railway trawl has been divested of its tedium and inconveniences, and a ride over the Erie Railway rendered an event pleasant enough to be remembered for a lifetime. PARROTT FURNACES AT GREENWOOD. The Parrott Furnaces at Greenwood give the passen- ger, as he is whisked by them, a suggestive hint of the activity and enterprise which have developed themselves even here in the wild passes of the Ramapo Mountains. Here were forged, in the last century, the great chains which were used to obstruct navigation at West Point; and here to-day are man- ufactured the materials for the Parrott guns, which have spoken lor themselves so loudly in every quarter of the globe. Rut it is at night, when dark- ness has come down over field and finest, that the traveler, in passing Greenwood, looks out upon these furnaces to see them in their most striking phase. The lurid light, flashing from the glowing fiery portals, throws weird reflections and shadows far out upon the darkened mountain side, revealing here and there the pyg- my forms of the workmen hurry- ing, imp-like, hither and thither at their toils. Great volumes of black smoke belch forth from the towering funnels and chimneys, only to be caught suddenly by the mountain breezes and car- ried far away out of vision. Some striking scene from Dore' and Dante, seems to have been sud- denl) pictured upon the dark- ness of night. And yet. ere the surprised and wistful gazer has realized the vision, it has gone, and he louks nut again only upon darkness. works AT NIGHT ORANGE LAKE. ()\i of the must picturesque sheets of inland water in the country, is situated six miles west from Newburgh, and ma) be reached in a few hours, via the Erie Rail- way. Its attractions for tourists ami those fond t inter- nal appointments and conducl are again feeling that he 1 da full investment. The Erie Rail lias, in this regard ; and thi doubt- less largely commending the Li: route for travi : pleasure compels to jourm between the Atlantic and the inland States. A WATER TANK ON THE ERIE. The rapidity and voracity with which the iron horse quenches his thirst from one of these enormous whii h. brimming full, await him at various intervals on his wild careering across the country, are all but incredible to those who have not seen him partaking. Parched and thirsty, he pauses for a moment or two to refresh himself with the cooling torrent which pours itself into his enor- mous jaws at a fearful rate, when lo ! before apparently all have alisrhted or embarked, his thirst is tin slaked and he is off again. NO " MUGBY JUNCTIONS- ON THE ERIE RAILWAY. Some recent wit has said that more crime results from empty stomachs than from vicious brains, and supple- ments it with then orollary thai there is loss virtue in mor- als than in beef and potatoes. Be this statement or not, one thing is certain — that a man's views of men and things in general depend a good deal upon whether he is hungry or no. He must be more than mor- tal who can deal gently with his fellow-creatures, or smi- irvey a lovely landscape, while experience ward protest against that vacuum which nature is especially said to abhor. Therefore it will be admitted that there was consummate wisdom and forethought displayed in the arrangement which has provided at intervals alo line of tin- Erie Railwaj . i ommodious hotels or restaurants, •1 THE ERIE RAILWAY BAGGAGE EXPRESS. i to the patroi Erie Railway, and one which elicil • tion, is the perfect and well-organized system of B to and from its depots in ' ' rid New York. ' ]' engers purchasing tickets via '.lie Erie Railway in New York or Brooklyn, and desiring their I removed to the depot, have nov at the offi' es of the Compan to destination. This is a great desideratum, ai away with the annoyance and loss of time so frequently to the ( ustody of indifferent and irresponsible ( ity expi panics. Nor is the Erie Railw i I ! ' irc " ni - ons leaving the city ; incoming pas- sengers are alike benefited by it. as before the arrival of trains in the Jersey Cit) depot, an and takes up checks of New York or Brooklyn it maj be ordered sent. Passengers who have suffered from a delay in the delivery of the- ' appreciate this of the Erie Railway Company to remedy and remove what dly regarded to be the most annoying feature of railroad I THE ERIE RAILWAY TOURIST. WHITE LAKE This attractive summer resort, which has been Eoi mam years a favorite with the New York public, is situa- ted in Sullivan County, near Monticello, which is connected with the main line of the Erie Railway by a Branch Rail- way from Port Jervis. Its access is therefore rendered both easy and comfort- able ; and no wonder it is that during the hot and sultry fuly and August, it is thronged with visitors, who here find allurements for recreation and pleasure and a bracing mountain air of which but few localities can boast. forty thousand inhabitants, and fairly points to its numer- ous locomotive works, its silk mills, and its numberless other varied industries in proof of its claims to be entitled the Manchester or the Lyons of America. No traveler who can spare a few hours should fail to stop over at Pat- erson and visit the Passaic Falls and the busy city about it. AVON SPRINGS. Avon Springs have for the last twenty years been more or less famed as a resort for invalids, their waters OLIMI'SE Ol- THE DELAWARE, NEAR OALUCOON. • PASSAIC FALLS. I\ the heart of the great manufacturing city of Pater- son, distant on the line of the Erie Railway only seven- teen miles from New York, are the renowned Falls of the onl) to Niagara in grandeur and beauty. these halls in their peculiar configuration are said to have but one parallel, so far as known, on the globe, and that is the fall of the Mosi-oa-tunya, "Sounding Smoke." or Victoria Falls, on the Zambesi River in Afri- ca, which, though vastly exceeding the Passaic cataract in height and volume, is so exactly its counterpart in all i a bird's eye view of either might easily be mistaken for that of the other. The height of is seventy-five feet, furnishing, as may be I, in addition to the splendid scenery aboul it, a valuable water-power. It was this latter which induced Alexander Hamilton to establish here, in 1791, the manu- facturing town of Paterson, win. h has grown to ,, city of possessing many valuable healing properties. '1 he Springs are located within a mile of the village of Avon, which is on the Rochester Division of the Erie Railway, and con- nected by two daily trains with New York. ITHACA. Of the many interesting ami attractive Summer Re- sults of easy .in ess from New Vork. Ithaca is worthy of special mention. Its situation is at the head ol Cayuga Lake. J Jo miles from New York, and is reached in about ten hours, via the Erie Railway, The scenery in the immediate vicinity of Ithaca com- pares favorably with that of Watkins Glen, and is regarded ill) sublime. The numerous ('.is, ades and halls which here present themselves in rapid sip afford the Tourist some of the finest views of American scenery. THE ERIE RAILWAY roURIST THE SCENERY ON THE ERIE RAILWAY. One continued panorama, as varied as it is beautiful, greets the eye of the traveler by the Erie Railway from \, ■ \ ork to either of its great western termini. It may, in fact, be questioned whether an) other of the great lines of through travel in America, or even in the world, affords so many strikingly beautiful scenes, and such a variet) of them withal, as are presented by this broad, double-tracked highway, extending in a majestic sweep through valley and meadow and mountain pass from the Hudson Rivei to the Great 1 ' »hio River. I hrou ;h all the . n the mosl unobsei vanl l feasted with a succession ol natural beautii not but impress themselves vividly upon his mind, to re- main then- long aftei What stream in Amei iful than the I'assaie. upon the wooded shores of which, lined with ! lawns, the traveler looks down from lb. its plaeid current ? What grai tn, 11 ,,i American enterprise and growth can be I mind than the citj "l Paterson, with its busy shops and silk mills : Port Jervis, with its ceaseless roaring of railway trains and its immense < oal traffii . and H Elmira, and Hornellsvilte, with their rapid development as inland emporia — all oi them annuall) bringing to theii b tor, the Ei ie Railwa) , it irds foi it s bi Nor in man's handiwork alone does the travi the most to admire in traversing the line. In the wild passes of the Ramapo ; the fertile and picturesque land- scapes of that great dairy region, < )range < lounty, and along the ^iddy slopes of the weird Shawangunk Mountain. looking down upon the thickl) populated valley of the Neversink, he will see ever new beauties, furnishing ma- terial foi evei deeper admiration. Or when the train. seemingly losing itself anion- the mountain ranges which skirt the upper Delaware, shouts along the river brink, overshadowed by giant hills which appear to look frowningly down upon this invasion ol theii domain, is there not a grandeui in the surroundings which bids defi- ance to the tameness and routine of every-day existence? Then, emergingfrom the hilly country, the passenger finds stretched out before him the widespread and productive farming region of Central New York. Here he crosses the famed v'iaduct, a work at which, in coming ages, tin- traveler will only glance to wonder at the engineering skill and genius of our day; then come the fair regions watered by the Susquehanna, the < hemung, and the Canisteo. all of them dotted with farms and populated by thriving and intelligent communi- ties. From Hornellsvile to Buffalo tin- scenerj embraces a magniftcenl view of the Wyoming Valley, and. finer still, of thi I '•'• llls °f the Genesee River, which here passes through a narrow, steep-walled gorge, and takes three successive leaps to the level of the valley below. Hut an hour or two's ride beyond are V, ,i i Falls, the fame of which is known the world over. Or, continuing westward from Hornellsville, th< ger traverses the historic re mthwestern New York : passes through the Cattaraugus and Alleghany ttion, comprising several thousand acres, which . ,n set apart for the use of. and are occupied by, the Seneca Nation of Indians, of which ti receive annuities from the I I about (HI THE ERIE R A I L W A Y T O U R I S T dence, in prince])- style, with groves, lawns, terraces, fountains, and statuary, all so tastefully commingled as to at once strike the visitor with their beauty and arrangement. A visit to Eldridge Park should be an indispensable feature of a stay oi even a day in Elmira. STARUCCA VIADUCT. on, connec- niade with the Atlantic & Great West- ern Railway, which skirts the beautiful Chatauqua Lake, passes through the wonderful oil regions .vestern Pennsylvania, then the thickly populated farming regions of Northeastern Ohio, and ere he knows it. is at Pake Erie, in the great city of Cleveland : or, con- . ird, passes throu ;h the Ion » line of populous towns in Central Ohio, and reaches in turn Day- ton and Cincinnati without change of coaches sil ing the great metropolis. And throughout the entire d absorb- hich thi h mdiwork ol the < 'reatoi and the artifice of man, though blended, have continuously vied to beautify and adorn. One of the greatest engineering achievements on the entire route of the Erie Railway is the Starucca Viaduct pictured on the opposite page, which spans a great valley near the villa Susquehanna, Pa., by eighteen arches of solid masonry, each of them fifty feet in width. Its total length is 1,200 feet, its ^^^^H&r" height no, and its cost was $320,000. j^HK The roadway passes directly over the '■■ '. viaduct. In sunshine or in storm, by night or by day, amid the snows of win- ter or the leafy beauties of summer, this grand work itands out boldly upon the landscape about it, a tribute to the genius and energy of man, and a source of won- der and admiration to the traveler, by whom it is plainly visible from the car windows at either end of the long curve of which the viaduct forms about the centre. Many throughout the land are familiar with it as the mo ent feature in that world-wide painting by Cropsey, entitled, " An American Autumn." ELDRIDGE PARK. ELMIRA. Many visitors 1,, Elmira avail themselves of the oppor- tunity afforded by the liberality of one of its wealthy pri- to view one of the choicest bits of park and landscape gardening to be found in America. This, known trk, is the property of Dr. E of Elmira, who, having amassed immense wealth, has laid out his estate, consisting of the -rounds about his resi- THE ERIE RAILWAY TELEGRAPH. lr additional facts were needed to show that the Erie Railway is a grand achievement, and well deserving the large and increasing patronage and popularity which it enjoys, by reason of the number and regularity of its trains, reference to its telegraph facilities should certain!} serve the purpose. From statistics it appeals that at the beginning of the present year there were in use 3.745 wire, connected by 1,438 miles of poles. The number of operators required to do the business of the Company is about 350, and the number of telegraph stations or offices is over 200, of which 65 are open day and night. With such an immense number of miles of wire under its control, opei ful and experienced hands, it m.i\ readily be inferred that the business of the Erie Rail- way is something wonderful; and that to its teli facilities may safely be traced the uniform regularity in the running of trains, I I I I ERIE K A I LW \\ TO! R 'I THE ERIE RAIL W A Y T OURI S T . .INS GLEN. Among the natural and i uriosities nd bj the tour- ist in the regions trav- ersed by the Erie Rail- way, there is, it may safely be said, none save Niagara Falls, which will bear com- parison with that wild and picturesque gorge which of late years has become such a favorite resort, and acquired such a fame among tourists under the title of Wat kins Glen. It is reached bv taking the Erie Railway to Elmira, 274 miles from New York, and thence, by another ride <>t twenty-two miles northward over the Northern Central Railroad. The ad- jacent village of Watkins is at the head of Seneca Lake, a beautiful body of water forty miles long and from two to four wide, and connected daily by steamers with Geneva. The Glen, which is in close proximity to the village, is, in brief, a ver- tical split or gorge some five or six hun- dred feet deep, in a bluff of solid rock, through which a stream passes in succes- sive falls and other watery antics. "So beautiful," says Appleton, "did the late Secretary Seward consider this sylvan retreat, that he brought the whole Diplomatic Corps to visit it on the occa- sion of that tour in which he showed them the wonders of this country." Then, as a resort, the Glen was not generally pa- tronized or known, but now it is annu- ally visited by thousands, and its hotels are among the best at any of the Ameri- can watering places. A ramble through Watkins Glen, even at the height of a summer noonday, is cool and delightful. Passing through a series of alcoves, stairways, and bridges, each ending in some delightful surprise, with some fresh beauty beyond it. one looks up at intervals from the dark- ened depths of the cleft in which he stands to see above — oh, how far above him ! — the single little narrow strip of sky which reminds him of the accustomed sights of the outer world, and tells him he is not quite in fairy land. At ome points, however, tin- 1 ommingling of waterfall, rock, turf, and foliage, makes up a scene which might well form a home £01 tin- Fauns and Dryads, and which never fails to elicit expressions of delight from even the most stolid observer. From the summit of the mountain, too, may be had a superb view of Seneca Lake, the village of Watkins. and miles in extent of surrounding scenery The whole picture is one of stirring interest and romantic beauty, and as the ascent of the mountain is easil) accom- plished, no visitor to Watkins Glen should rest satis- fied until he has witnessed the unrivalled view which it affoi ds. 1 11 I E kl E K \ I LWAY TOUR 1ST 15 HAVANA GLEN AND MAGNETIC SPRIN Thri 1 miles south of \\ atkins, near Si the pretty village of Havana, the count) town of Schuyler county, and, like Watkins, possessing within its bordci rare natural attl and includes some striking \ iews, e < lathe dral, is worth a long journey to see. The Springs, known respectivel) as "Cole's Spring" and the "Sanitarium." possess remarkable health-giving properties, and are so magnetically impregnated, tli.u a knife blade, after being held in the water a few moments, will attract to it small metallic substances. There are two good hotels al Ha 1 ma Cilen. ami the Cook Vcademy, a well-organized institution of learning, formerly known as the Pi . pies a commanding situation in the eastern part of the village. Havana Glen is reached by the same routes from New York and Philadelphia as Watkins. I ., , ; ,;• imcr prefer to n to hotel country life, but in b Hue keeping with our Ameri lessness. And it is to accomi years past the Erie Railway has, I ments with numerous connecting I cursion Tickets, embrai immediate line. For instant e, the Erie Railv hiich will take you m >1 to Watkins Glen, then 1 l Jl Ontario, and down the magnificent St. Lawrence to Mon- treal ; thi thence to Saratoga and Albany, an v York via either I >ay or Nighl 1 ,im on the Hudson. Now, such a trip as this, if you under- took to buy youi tickel over each separate portion K of the route as you went along, would pro Hl^ expensive and troubL onu Bu ent system, von buy your entire tieket befon ing New York at a rate much lower than you would otherwise be compelled to pay, and have. moreover, the pi stopping over at any- one of the prominent points through which it takes you. The poinl ually in the trip here ski at random. But all summer resorts of interest and beauty in New York, New England, and the Canadas, are embraced in the series of round-trip summer excusion tickets annually adverti the Erie Railway Company. In addition to these, another series of tickets is offered for the benefit of those who can afford but one or two days of absence from their bus other duties at home. These tickets take the pur- chaser to the Catskills, to Monticello, to Milford, or some one of the hundreds of pretty places within one hundred miles of V » N ork, and give him a pleasant trip through the adjacent country, and fare considerably lower than that charged for ordinary local travel. "ON TIME." THE promptitude with which passenger trains on the Erie Railway have been run during the year is deserving of commendation. An official statement from the General 1 >artment shows t ; irrivals at New ., trains carrying the United States Mail, the Ei of all otl 1 6 THE ERIE RAIL W AY TUURIS T ITINERARY OF THE RAI LWAY. ERIE NEW YORK TO NIAGARA FALLS BY DAYLIGHT. I.i iving New York from the foot of Twenty-third street, North River.al 8:45 a. m., or from the foot of Cham- bers street at 9 A. m.. you are conveyed to the d mpany at Jersey City, directly oppo- site New York, from which trains are despatched at fre- quent intervals for all stations on the line, including Roch- ester, Buffalo, Niagara Falls, and all parts of the Wesl and Southwest. Your objective point being Niagara Falls, and your purpose being in leaving New York at either of the hours above named, to make the trip over the Erie Railway by daylight, in order to witness its magnificent scenery and the many objects of interest and beauty which have ren- fame both enviable and world-wide, you provide yourself with tickets entitling you to an apartment or to a reserved chair in one of the Palace Coaches which accom- pany the Day Express train over trie entire route. The train being in readiness, you enter the Palace tnd are assigned by the porter in charge to what- isition in the coach is described on your ticket-. Promptly at the advertised hour of departure (9:15 A. M.) a signal is given, the conductor announces "all aboard," and the train mows from the depot. In a lew minutes dare -sing the Ilack- di uly there appears in view the first station on your westward journey — Rutherfurd Park, Put you do not stop here. Onward you pursue your ; ; the Pa aic 1 n er al Passaic Bi idge, and pass- ing the beautiful suburban towns of Passaic, Clifton, and Lake View, when you arrive at Paterson, N. J., a manufac- city second only in importance to Newark, with which i; I by a Branch railway 11 miles in length. From Paterson you continue your journey through 11 1 v in which are the cosy settlements of Hawthorne, Ridgew I. Hohokus, Allendale, Ramseys, and Mahwah, until you reach Suffern. . not stop. Inn . ■ e to reflect how 1 this great highway of lien known as the New York & Erie Railroad) radiated 1 this poinl to Piermont, on the Hud 25 miles north of New York city, and accommodati to the facilities then furnished for communication with New York. Leaving Suffern and glani rself travelling through a valley of historic and napo — which is also the name of the ne ing this are Sloatsburg, South- fields, and Greenwood, all of them healthful localities. Turner's is next reached, and here the train makes a stop. You experience no sense of fatigue, but on the contrary feel invigorated and refreshed from the journey already accomplished, and while the train is not in motion you step upon the platform of the coach and survey the "situ- ation." While admiring the beaut)- of the surrounding si enery, your attention is attracted to a Branch road which here intersects with the Main Line. This road runs to Newburgh, on the west bank of the Hudson river, passing the beautiful and attractive villages of Highland Mills, Cornwall, and New Windsor. The train is again under motion and new scenes ap- pear. You have arrived at Monroe, at which station stages connect with local trains for Greenwood Lake and the Seven-Springs Mountain, two very popular summer resorts Soon you pass Oxford ami reach Greycourt, from which plai e two Branch railways diverge, one extending to War- wick and the other to Newburgh, the latter being known as the "old road to Newburgh." It intersects with the new road from Turner's to Newburgh at a place called Vail's Gate. Still under full headway the train hurriedly passes Chester, and in a few minutes brings you in partial view of Goshen, where it next stops. Aside from the notoriety which is attached to this place from being one of the old- est towns in Orange county, and withal one of the pretti- est, it awakens in the traveller, who has read and heard of the fame of Goshen butter, (though he may never have become more familiar with it,) more than ordinary interest. As a place of summer resort Goshen offers peculiar attrac- tions, its situation being in the heart of the most health- ful portion of Orange county. A branch railway, 43 miles in length, extends from here to Kingston, on the Hudson river, passing through the charming villages of Mo ery, Walden, New Paltz, and Rosendale. A few miles from Kingston is the famous Overlook Mountain, of the Catskill range ; and a few miles distant from New Paltz. , is the delightful summer resort known as Lake Mohonk. -V branch road of 1 2 miles also connects ( loshen with Florida and Pine Island. Lout inning the journey westward through a 1 undisputed richness and fertility of soil ; past farms which have produced, thrice over, more than enough to make their owners Independently rich, you scud by the unpre- tentious village of Hampton, and are shortly in sighl of Middletown, a village whose marvellous growth, architec- tural beauty, progressiveness, and attractive surroundings e oi" the most desirable places on the line of the 1 R either for summer or permanent ["he New York State Homoeopathic Asylum for the Insane, of which a fine view is obtained as the train II) winds around the \ i situated. Mid- dletown i al the eastern terminus of tin- New York THE ERIE RAILWAY TOURIST. 17 Midland Railway and western terminus of the Nev .Midland Railway. Unless specially signalled, however, no stop is made at Middletown, the train speeding onward as if anticipating your long-cherished wish to view the Shawangunk range of mountains, which are clearly discernible as you ap- proach Howell's. What a beautiful prospect! How it gladdens the eye, and calls into active being all of the human forces of imagination and admiration ! A cultivated moun- tain with acres of woodland interspersed, and dotted here and there with pretty farmhouses ! A patchwork of Na- ture than which no lovelier nor more enchanting could greet the human vision ! But how is this vast mountain to be traversed ? Is it a barrier to further progress ? The train still moves, but its speed is somewhat arrested. The ascent of the mountain is being made gradually along its eastern slope, the grade averaging about sixty feet to the mile. Now you are at Otisville, and soon will have reached the summit, when the train, without any other power than its own weight, goes thundering along the western slope of the mountain, leaving Guymard behind, and bringing into full view Port Jervis, eight miles distant, with its church spires glittering in the sunlight, and the streams of the Delaware and Neversink, which here converge, re- flecting, mirror-like, the endless variety and beauty of scenery which is spread out before you. Of a truth Na- ture has been lavish of her resources in beautifying the Eastern Division of the Erie Railway. But there are still in store for you scenes more glowing and of greater gran- deur than any which have yet been presented. Port Jervis is reached at noon, and being the terminus of the Eastern Division, a change of engines is rendered necessary. While this is being done, you step upon the platform of the depot or of the coach, and avail yourself of the limited time al- lowed to study the situation and the characteristics of the village. You are not weary — feel as though you never spent three hours more pleasantly than in the passage over the Eastern Division of the Erie Railway, and so, when the conductor cries " All aboard," you resume your seat in the palace-coach, and await with pleasing antici- pation the views to be witnessed in your progress over the next, or what is known as the DELAWARE DIVISION. As the train moves away from the depot, you observe a number of passengers who have, as you suppose, been left behind, but on making inquiry of the conductor, you learn that they arc going to Milford, in Pennsylvania, eight miles distant by carriage-road, or to Monticello or White Lake, two very popular summer resorts in Sullivan County, which are reached by a Branch railway from Port Jervis, 24 miles in length. The train is now under full headway You have fairly entered the region conspicuous for the diversity and mag- nificence of its scenery, when lo! a scene of transcendent beauty attracts and rivets your attention. Below is the Delaware, whose devious windings check its struggle to escape from its mountain-bound captivity; near at hand is the Delaware & Hudson Canal, alike tortuous in its windings, carrying to ti lets of this sec- tion ; while farther on and abi 1 S of the Delaware — mountains whose bold and rugged appearance no less than their wondrous height, seem to bid defiance to an invasion of their domain. Soon you emerge from this scene, passing Pond Eddy and Shohola, and in turn reach Lackawaxen, where the train stops. From this point a Branch railway extends to Hawley and Honesdale, penetrating the rich anthracite coal regions of Northeast- ern Pennsylvania. After leaving Lackawaxen you continue to follow the course of the Delaware in its tortuous and picturesque windings among the mountains, and are ever greeted with new and charming scenes, at some places intensely inter- esting. At Callicoon, where the train next stops, a scene of remarkable beauty occurs, which is only equalled by that of the famous Starucca Viaduct, which you witness after leaving Hancock and Deposit, and when near Sus- quehanna, at which last-named station the train stops for dinner. You have now arrived at Susquehanna, the terminus of the Delaware Division ; have dined at the Company's eating-house, where you found the table unexceptionable, and the attendance all that could be desired; and the trip thus far having proved neither tiresome nor monotonous, but on the contrary full of excitement and interest, you cheerfully resume your place in the palace-coach, and await the signal of the conductor for the train to proceed. Meantime you catch a glimpse of the extensive repair- shops of the Company at Susquehanna, which furnish employment for a large force of mechanics and laborers, and also of a branch railway running south to Carbondale and the coal mines of Pennsylvania. The conductor has signalled the engineer, the bell rings, and off speeds the train over the SUSQUEHANNA DIVISION. This Division is not so noted for its magnificent scen- ery as for the many flourishing and enterprising cities and towns which appear at frequent intervals. The coun- try being rather thickly settled, the weird and rugged scenes have given way to the more quiet and cultivated ; and it is this disparity between the scenery of the Dela- ware and that of the Susquehanna which lends additional enchantment to both. Binghamton, where the train next stops, is a city of rapid growth, and is generally regarded as being one of THE ERIE RAILWAY TOURIST. the handsomest and most progressive cities of its size in the country. Its railroad facilities arc exceptionally good, offering communication with all parts. To the south runs the Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Railroad, through Scranton and the Delaware Water Gap ; with the North it communicates directly through Syracuse, Utica, and Oswego, while to the cast it has an outlet via the Albany and Susquehanna Railroad. In the immediate vicinity are many noted summer resorts — Cooperstown, Richfield Springs, Sharon Springs, and Trenton Falls, being the most prominent. Owego, the next stopping-place, is a town of consider- able note. A Branch of the Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Railroad connects it with Ithaca and Cayuga Lake, and the Southern Central Railroad affords it imme- diate connection with Auburn. Waverly, the next station in order, is rendered con- spicuous by reason of its excellent facilities for travel to Philadelphia and the South, and its connection with the bituminous coal-fields of Pennsylvania. The Lehigh Val- ley Railroad which intersects with the Erie at this point, furnishes a large and valuable traffic, and in return derives an equally large and lucrative business from the Erie. From Waverly there is also connection with Ithaca and Geneva via the Geneva, Ithaca and Athens Railroad. Elmira is next announced, and looking out of the car- window, you observe the sun sinking to rest. The whole horizon is lit up with its splendors of azure and gold ; the hillsides are tinged with ever-varying hues ; the valleys, the woodlands, the quiet country homes, all are bedecked in their evening array. Soon the scenes of beauty and interest, the panorama of constantly recurring changes which you have witnessed, will be enveloped in darkness. There are yet many views of absorbing interest on the route to Niagara Falls, and fixed in your resolution to make the entire journey by daylight, you pick up your satchel and other packages, and alight from the train when it stops at the depot. And in stopping at Elmira, you find yourself surrounded with all the advantages of larger cities. Next to Paterson it is the largest station on the line of the Eric Railway, and owing to its proximity to Havana and Watkins Glens, and its unrivalled railway facilities, it is decidedly the most desirable place at which to break your journey. The city itself has many attrac- tions — Eldridgc Park being the most widely known and generally visited. After breakfasting next morning at an early hour, you are driven to the depot, and soon hear the whistle of an arriving express train. It is the Pacific Express, which left New York at 7 o'clock the previous evening, and will leave Elmira at 6 o'clock. Embarking on this train, which is almost wholly composed of sleeping and drawing-room coaches, you are soon in sight of Corning, the junction of the Rochester Division, over which there is a large travel to Avon Springs, and via Bath to Lake Keuka or Crooked Lake. There is also a branch road running southward from Corning to the coal-mines of Pennsylvania. The train, after stopping at Corning, proceeds a few miles, when Addison is reached, and from here on to Hor- nellsville the road winds through a valley of picturesque beauty, watered by the Canisteo. At Hornellsvillc the train stops for breakfast at the Company's eating-house ; and while the passengers are making sad havoc of the good things here provided to appease their appetites, the coaches which are to run through to Cleveland, Cincin- nati, and St. Louis, via the Atlantic and Great Western Railway, arc detached from the train which is to go to Buffalo and Niagara Falls, and are removed to the track on the other side of the depot. Breakfast over, the train is again in motion, and for some little distance runs parallel with the train directed for Cleveland, Cincinnati, St. Louis, and the Southwest. Soon they diverge, the one taking a southwesterly, and yours a northwesterly course. Now you have passed Arkport and Burns; Canaseraga is sighted, and soon you will have arrived at Nunda, passing meanwhile the unpre- tentious stations of Garwood's and Swain's. In a few min- utes you will be in the vicinity of Portage, and here you will witness one of the grandest views of which any coun- try can boast. From the top of the bridge which spans the Genesee River at this point, and over which the cars pass, you are at an elevation of 234 feet above the river, whose tortuous windings you can distinctly trace for a distance of more than a mile, while beneath and around you are successively presented, in varying magnitude, rapids, pools, cataracts, cascades, and waterfalls. The entire scene is one of the utmost sublimity ; and as the train moves slowly away, shutting it out from sight, you pause to conjecture to what extent this region would be visited, could it, with all its manifold beauties, but be transferred to the environs of the metropolis. At Gainesville an intersecting road leads to Silver Lake, a beautiful sheet of water on the wooded shores of which camp meeting and picnic grounds are located, be- sides a commodious hotel for tourists and summer board- ers. Onward moves the train, now stopping at Warsaw, now at Attica, and then at Buffalo. Here passengers for the West via the Lake Shore and Michigan Southern, Grand Trunk and Canada Southern railways, change cars, while those for Niagara Falls and the West, via the Great Western Railway of Canada, have yet an hour's ride be- fore them ere will be disclosed to their vision the won- ders of that world-famed creation of Divinity— Niagara Falls ! THE ERIE RAILWAY TOURIST. 19 It is one o'clock. You have arrived at Niagara Falls, and your journey is completed. You have traversed the entire length of the Erie Railway between New York and i Falls (444 miles) by'daylight ; have passed through the beautiful valley of . through the historic if the Ramapo, and the rich dairy lands of Orange county; have erossed the Shawangunk range of moun- tains; been spellbound by the thrilling and interesting of the upper Delaware region; have followed the ings of the Susquehanna, Chemung, and Canisteo rivers ; have witnessed the rapids and falls of the Genesee river, and now, to crown all, you are face to face with the Falls of Niagara, commanding the most intense and awe- inspiring admiration of the observer. Although our artist has skilfully portrayed in the accompanying pages some of the principal features of this great wonder of nature, no representation or description can convey an adequate i le i i f the sublimity of the scene. The eye must sec the great volume cf rushing waters tearing over the rocks and tossing themselves into immense breakers, and hurrying madly towards the precipice over which they plunge into the seething basin of the Niagara 160 feet below; and the car must hear the tremendous roar of the cataract — min- gled as it h with the voice of the great Architect — in order to appreciate Niagara. NUMBER OF MILES COMPRISING THE ERIE RAILWAY. Tin: Roads owned and operated by the Erie Railway Company are organized into Six General Divisions, and each General Division is subdivided as follows : Eastern Division. Jersey City to Port Jervis, 88 miles; Jersey City to Paterson, via Newark, 19 miles; Jersey City to Nyack, 29 miles ; Hackcnsack Junction to Spring Valley, 23 miles; Sufferns to Piermont, 18 miles ; Turner's to Ncwburgh, 19 miles ; Greycourt to Junction Newburgh Short Cut, 14 miles; Greycourt to Warwick, 10 miles; Goshen to Kingston, 43 miles; Goshen to Pine Island, 12 miles ; Port Jervis to Monticello, 24 miles. To- tal miles Eastern Division and Branches, 299. Delaware Division. Port Jervis to Susquehanna, 104 miles ; Lackawaxcn to Honesdale, 25 miles ; Susquehan- na to Carbondalc, 38 miles. Total miles Delaware Divis- ion and Branches, 167. Susquehanna Division. Susquehanna to Hornells- villc, 140 miles. Total miles Susquehanna Division, 140. Rochester Division. Corning to Rochester, 94 miles ; Avon to Attica, 35 miles ; Avon to Dansvillc, 30 miles. Total miles Rochester Division and Branches, 159. Buffalo Division. Hornellsville to Buffalo, 91 miles ; East Buffalo to Suspension Bridge, 23 miles. Total miles Buffalo Division and Branches, 1 14. \\'i n in. Hornellsville to Dunkirk, 12S miles ; Carrollton to Gilesvi l ital miles Western Di\ ision and I Total 1 Jul}- 1, 1874, 1,033. THE ERIE RAILWAY TOURIST •THROUGH BY DAYLIGHT" OVER THE ERIE RAILWAY. Charles Lever's vivid story of a " Ride for a Day," sprightly as it is in its narration of rapid travel, calls up no such enlivening picture as that which is furnished by a summer-day ride across New York State in the palace coaches of the Erie Railway. How all but incredible seems the accomplishment of such a journey in so brief a period ! Yet the traveler after breakfasting in New York may take his scat in the Pullman Coach at the Erie Depot, and at supper time find himself in sight of the clear waters of Lake Erie, or within hearing of the thunders of Niaga- ra's mighty cataract. But more delightful than the mere achievement of such a victory over time and space, is the manner and method in which the feat is accomplished. For when such a glori- ous panorama is to be passed, no tourist intent upon seeing all that is beautiful and attractive in American sce- nerv, will for a moment think of making his midsummer trip on the Erie Railway in any other time than in broad daylight. The train speeds over the landscape, along mountain sides, through valleys, over bridges, and across broad meadow lands with the speed of a winged charger, pausing only at long intervals, and then pushing on again farther than before, seemingly grudging its few lost mo- ments of unavoidable delay. The traveler meanwhile ensconced in his cosy drawing-room or easy-chair, pro- tected from dust and cinders, looks out upon the rapidly- THE ERIE RAILWAY TOURIST. 21 changing landscape with undisguised delight as in a varied picture of town, city, hamlet, forest, and farm-land it passes before him. Here, from amid all the luxurious surround- ings of a first class hotel, he looks out alike upon nature's wildest haunts and the cultivated homes of man, and won- ders the while at the changes and improvements that man's genius and energy have wrought. Hour after hour brings him many miles nearer his goal, and lo ! ere day- light has departed the wonderful journey has been accom- plished. It has been to him one continued, unwearying scene of entertainment and enjoyment, and his first word of advice to his friend contemplating a tour eastward or westward will be, as ours is, " Do n't fail to enjoy, if you can, a ride through by daylight over the Erie Railway." THE SLEEPING AND DRAWING-ROOM COACHES OF THE ERIE RAILWAY. There is no Railway Company in the country which provides better accommodations for its patrons, or which keeps its passenger equipment in better condition, than the Eric Railway. The Drawing-room and Sleeping Coaches which are attached to Express trains, both west and cast, are, as is shown in the illustrations given, perfect paragons of beauty and models of comfort and luxury. Indeed, the entire passenger equipment of the Erie Railway is unsurpassed, and contributes in no small de- gree to the wonderful growth and increase of its passenger traffic. THE ERIE RAILWAY TOURIST EXCURSION AND PICNIC GROVES ON THE ERIE RAILWAY. The ancient Druids, however we may differ from them in our modern creeds, certainly had one good point in their worship — they chose the oak groves for their temples, and under those leafy shades celebrated their mystic rites. Now, while Druids are scarce to-day, nevertheless certain it is that this one excellent feature of their religion has been sedulously preserved, and as a proof of it we find, every summer, thousands of men, women and children in- quiring for convenient groves in which to meet and cele- brate some one or another festival occasion — some picnic, anniversary, or excursion, which ever it may be. Yes, rural groves are in demand, and the Erie Railway Company, with the foresight characteri- zing it in its provisions for public accommodation, has undertaken to supply them by establishing, at convenient intervals alongits route, shaded grounds enclosed and provided with tables, benches, and all other facilities for the convenience of Sunday- school or other picnic parties from the adjacent towns and villages. Swings and other attractions for the juvenile mind will be put up wherever practicable, boats will be provided for aquatic en- joyment, the grounds will be kept in perfect order, and, in short, everything will be done to render each of these groves a Paradise for picnic-goers. The step is a new and a good one, and is destined to prove annually a source of benefit to thousands of tired city-workers. CHAUTAUQUA LAKE. This charming body of water, eighteen miles long, and varying from one to three in width, is the farthest west of the many beautiful lakes which stud the surface of the Empire State, "the eyes of its landscape," as a poet has happily termed them. Chautauqua signifies, in the Indian dialect, " a foggy place," a term derived in this instance from the mist which frequently floats over its surface. The Erie Railway skirts the Lake's southern border, and from the car windows the passenger looks directly out upon its waters : at times placid as Lake Constance, at others lashed into fury with white caps. Lake Chautauqua is said to be the highest navigable water on the American continent, being 730 feet above Lake Erie, and 1,290 feet higher than the Atlantic Ocean. Steamboats run from Mayvillc, a beauti- ful and popular place of resort, at its northern extremity, to its southern outlet, whence small boats can descend to the Alleghany River. It may interest many readers to learn that while in Pennsylvania and other states there arc no lakes of prom- there are in the state of New York, on and near the line of the Eric Railway alone, no less than ten lakes, of which the following arc most favorably known : Green- wood Lake, Orange Lake, Lake Mohonk, White Lake, Otsego Lake, Cayuga Lake, Seneca Lake, Lake Kenka, Silver Lake, and Chautauqua Lake. Ill I E RIE RAI LWA Y I O U RIST, 23 TRAFFIC RESOURCES. The tourist, for profit as well as pleasure, will no surprise the number ami vari thai continually throng the track, and will, perhaps, fur the first til i/e how great is the volume of traffic in daily transit, ami how complete and thorough must be the organization that can handle it with promptitude and despatch. Cars laden with live stock, coal, lumber, petroleum, ore, iron, and every conceivable form of manufacture and merchandise, pass in apparently exhaustlcss numbers, and justify the statement that places the Erie Railway, in respect to the magnitude of its tonnage traffic, foremost among the great Trunk Lines of the country. It would be deeply interesting to trace the steady growth of its business from small beginnings to its pres- ent enormous proportions. Suffice it to say that the pol- icy of the Company has ever been to develop the various mineral and agricultural resources of its line and branches, and to encourage the establishment thereon of large and important manufacturing industries. And recognizing the gratifying results of the past, its aim will be in the future to devise still more liberal arrangements, and to use every effort to attract new enterprises and foster those already in existence. To this end the transportation of materials for new manufacturing establishments will he done at about cost, and low special rates will be made for the shipment of the articles which they produce. MINERAL RESOURCES ALONG THE ERIE RAIL- | WAY. A cursory survey of the route of the Erie Railway shows that the limestone necessary for use in smelting ores is found in abundance and of superior quality. Large deposits of magnetic iron ores have been re- cently discovered on the Canada shore of Lake Ontario, a region for which the Erie Railway is one of the most available outlets to the coast. The yield of iron is report- ed as 65 to 75 per cent, and of a quality as rich as the ores of Iron Mountain, Missouri, which are in constant demand. Deposits of red fossilifcrous ores, yielding 45 to 50 per cent., have also been found near Rochester, and extending thence for at least fifty miles eastward. The Sterling Iron Mines, where the first iron works in America were established in 1751 by Lord Sterling, are but nine miles distant from the Eric Railway, and con- nected with it by a spur or branch road. Some three hun- dred tons of ore are shipped from these mines daily. The entire Shawangunk range, which the Erie sur- j mounts at the western end of its Eastern Division, about eighty miles from New York, is also said by experts to be rich in rare varieties of ores. • These various mineral resources, locate: ;radually build- ing up extensive industries along the line, and before long to add largely I 1 and its 1 traffic. '• Each iron furnace, rolling mill, foundry, or manufacturing establishment," justly says a writer on this subject, "attracts to it an aggregate of population, through whose travel, and for the tra of whose supplies and products, large sums of money arc annually paid to carriers." ERIE AND THE COAL FIELDS. Within the past five years the coal traffic of the Erie Railway has assumed a vast and a constantly increasing importance. The branches or spurs running from the main line at Lackawaxen, Waverly, and Corning, respect- ively, into the heart of the great anthracite and bitumi- nous coal-fields of Pennsylvania afford an easy and rapid egress for the carboniferous products of those regions to tide-water, and furnish alone a traffic sufficient to make the revenues of a kingdom, while in turn bringing to the inhabitants of those sterile, non-agricultural sections the cereals and provisions of the West at cheap and advanta- geous rates. The location of the Eric Railway is peculiarly favora- ble to this traffic, it being the first and only great line north of the coal-fields communicating directly with the seaboard on the one hand, and with the great West and the Canadas on the other. From the Wyoming fields in Luzerne County, for instance, it is but 114 miles via the Eric Railway to tide-water at Ncwburgh, as compared with 175 miles by the New Jersey Central and Lehigh Valley route, and 149 miles by that of the Delaware, Lackawanna, and Western to tide- water at New York. A considerable similar difference in distance exists in favor of the Erie over other roads in the connection with Buffalo and other Western points. The demand for anthracite coal in the West is a constantly increasing one, entering annually into a larger area of domestic and industrial uses. Its consumption at Cleveland alone, increased from 1,108 tons delivered by the Atlantic & Great Western Railroad in 1870, to 17,385 tons delivered by the same Company in 1S72; and the ratio of increase has presumably been the same elsewhere. With such an immense field as this to supply, the future possibilities of this traffic, now only in its infancy, are almost without limit. Of the eastward coal trade the same may be said, save that it is older and more developed. True, there is less domestic area to be supplied, but it is more densely popu- lated, and beyond it is the foreign commerce of the entire world. With such a market to supply, where can a limit be placed to the demand ? No supply, however great, can meet or interrupt it. 2 4 THE ERIE RAILWAY TOURIST To confirm the justice of these statements with re- gard to the future of the Erie Railway's coal trade, a few figures may be cited, showing that in 1871 it aggregated in amount 2,199,418 tons; in 1872,2,989,680 tons, and in 1873, 3,994,832 tons. The statistics for the current year ending September 30, 1874, cannot yet of course, be presented, though showing thus far the same ratio of in- crease. • But when we consider the growth as already shown, the inexhaustible supply on the one hand, and the increasing demand on the other, and the facilities and ca- pacity afforded for its transportation, there can remain but little doubt that within five years the aggregate coal tonnage of the Erie Railway will equal that of any other rail- way in the country. PETROLEUM. The attention of travelers will be inevitably drawn to the peculiar tank cars in which the crude oil is shipped. The trade itself is worthy of notice from its magnitude and regularity, and from the fact that the Erie Railway has at Weehawken, opposite New York, the most complete and extensive oil depot and docks in the country. From twelve to twenty vessels at a time may be seen at these docks loading with export oil. Last year new tankage capacity for 30,000 barrels was supplied to accommodate the rapidly increasing traffic. Light and oil, illumination and lubrication, are prime necessities of modern civilization, and as petroleum com- bines in itself these essential qualities, it seems destined to supplant all other articles for lubricating purposes, and to become, outside of large cities, the general illuminator of the race. Since its introduction, gas works have been closed in many places, the manufacture of shale oil has been practically stopped in England, and the whaling in- terests of New England ports have been nearly ruined. The Pennsylvania oil regions, which in 1872 furnished 88 per cent, of the entire production, are directly tributary to the Erie Railway. The production here has increased from four millions of gallons in 1859 to four hundred mill- ions of gallons in 1872. LIVE STOCK. The New York Statistical Annual closes its review of the live-stock market for 1872 with this remark: "Twelve million head of live-stock per annum will soon be required at the seaboard." The Erie Railway is making strenuous efforts to secure a fair proportion of this importan of revenue. Its stock-cars arc of extra width ; its stock- trains are first class, with rights of passenger trains, and subordinate alone to them ; a special line telegraph runs from station to station, by means of which drovers are posted as to markets ; superior yards are established at Oak Cliff on the Hudson, opposite New York, and in con- nection with them a new abattoir of the largest capacity and most complete appointment has just been finished. Commodious yards are located at Buffalo, ample grounds have recently been purchased at Suspension Bridge, and good feeding and watering yards are established along the line. By these and other inducements the Erie Railway Company is determined to maintain the reputation which its line has already gained of being the best stock-route in the country. LUMBER TRAFFIC OF THE ERIE RAILWAY. The gradual clearing away of the forests in the Atlan- tic states annually renders the market more and more dependent upon the apparently inexhaustible supplies of the pine forests in the Saginaw region of Michigan, and the black walnut growths of Ohio and Indiana. These regions are directly tributary to the Erie Railway, and are annually shipping larger quantities of their precious prod- ucts by it to the seaboard. Add to these the immense shipments of barrel staves from various Western sources to the East, and the extensive production of hemlock tim- ber along the upper Delaware and its tributaries, and one may readily see that from this traffic alone the Erie Rail- way reaps annually an immense and constantly increasing revenue. MILK TRAFFIC ON THE ERIE RAILWAY. As has been elsewhere stated, the Erie Railway, with- in sixty miles of New York, passes through one of the finest dairy regions in America, the far-famed agricultural section of Orange County. As may be inferred, therefore, its daily milk traffic with the metropolis is no inconsider- able item of its daily receipts. In fact the extent of this business, and the perfect system to which it has been re- duced, in order to facilitate the easy passage of the milk from the producer in the country to the consumer in the metropolis, would perhaps surprise the uninitiated. The cows arc milked at a certain time every evening ; punc- tually, too, at a certain hour the farmer drives up with his twenty, thirty, or fifty cans to the station platform ; along comes the daily milk train ; in a moment or two the brimming cans are shipped, and away the train goes on to the next station. Midnight sees it rumbling into the depot at Jersey City, where scores upon scores of milk wagons, on each of which is inscribed "Pure Orange County Milk." are in waiting to receive their consignments of the creamy fluid, carry it across the river, and commence their matin rounds to supply the now slumbering denizens of the great city. So, clay after day, year in and year out, New York is supplied with Orange County Milk by the thousands of gallons, and the traffic is constantly on the increase. Roads leading to the various stations have been T II E E R I E RA ILWAY fOURISI 25 improved, new platforms erected, and ever) facility for n I rapid shipmenl afforded the farmer. A ■ the annual ti I from 6,180,5 57 gallons in [862 to 11,721,481 gallons in [872, or nearl) doubled in ten years' time. At such a rate of increase, it is not difficult to foresee whal the revenues, already immense from this source, are ultimately destined to become. BUTTER. EGG, AND CHEESE TRAFFIC OF THE ERIE. Lf.t us not despise the day of small things. " Many a mickle makes a muckle," and many a pound of butter, bar- rel of eggs, and package of eheese annually brings a mini of money to the Erie Railway's coffers. For instance, the receipts of butter at New York, in 1872, amounted to 49,65 i.,","' 1 pounds ; of eggs, to 34,876,520 dozen; and of io 99,713,820 pounds. The line of the Erie Rail- way seems to afford superior advantages to this class ol products, and it has been, and still is, the effort of the Company to protect and increase them to the extent of its ability. INCREASE OF MANUFACTURES. Statistical tables, carefully compiled in [865 and 1873, show a most astonishing and gratifying increase in the number of manufacturing establishments on the Erie Railway during' the brief intervening period. The most important of these are given in the following table : MAN! FAi 11 RES. 1865. 1S73. INCRE/I Agricultural Implements 20 38 is_ Blast Furnaces and Forges 15 35"- • 20 Builders' Materials 64 167 103 , Car, and Locomotive Works 22 48 26 Brass and Iron Foundries 92 11S 26 Breweries and Distilleries - -- 135-- -• 107 1 Broom, and Carpet Factories ---■ i.( 33--- 19 Cabinet Ware and Furniture Factories.--- 59 --■ 111- •- 52 Cooperage and Barrel Facunies 54 94 40 Cheese Factories 18 72 54 Flouring and Grist Mills 151 184 ^ GlassWorks 4 10 6 Iron Railing and Fencing 30 45 - ■■ 15 Machine Shops 35 - 88 53 Marble Works 34 10 Nurseries --• 47 52 5 Oil Refineries 9 13 4 Planing Mills and Lumbei Factori 104 •-• - 204 100 Paper Mills - 14- ■ 23 9 Piano and Musical Instruments --- s - - 17 9 Soap and Candle 2S 32 4 Saw and Shingle Mills - 240-- 350--- 1 10 Silk Factories 14 31 17 Sugar Refineries - 1 3 2 Tanneries - 146 57 Varnish Factories - 1---- 15 't Vinegar Factories 9-- 16 7 Woollen Mills 12---- 18--- 6 Wagon and Carriage Factories 74 147 73 Miscellaneous •-■ 315 1022 707 Total - 1702 3363 1661 4 ASSENGER ! WAY. I 1 1 1 following remarl i are copied from the t published, " In 1 tails of annual menl for year ending Septeml not fail to be struck with the in the pa pared with that of the other trunk lines which are its competitors for business. The app nent will indicate very clearly the force of these remarks; and it will be further noted, by reference to the comparative statement of the souk e and n that the n tulted mainly from through, and I petitive traffic." Z .1 I I Pi n ei f ■ I l=V Ek^ ; g§ 8 -, SsS* x His g 1 - ~ - " & ~i ° e^I ~ : rp f - ■/. As gratifying as this increase of business must be to :' . Mai I the Erie Railway, it is not unreasonable to assume that within the next two years the revenue from passenger traffic will exceed $5,000,000 per annum. 26 THE ERIE RAILWAY TOURIST IT- it Ml ; m W$~* Ail H iplllii! 1 1 lr : S' A* 4iH' ' PORTAGE FALLS AND BRIDGE. To view this wondrous commingling of art and nature one were enough to invite the tourist to travel over the 362 miles which intervene between it and the Me- tropolis. Here the rail- way spans a gorge with per- pendicular walls, through which the Genesee Riv- er leaps in three succes- sive falls to the level of the valley below. The bridge by which it accomplishes this feat (see engraving) cost £175,000, and is the largest of its kind in the world. It stands upon thirteen stone-piers set in the river-bed, and sufficiently above high-water mark to be secure against freshets. Upon these piers the bridge rises 234 feet, and upon the top of this the railway track is laid. The bridge is 800 feet long, and so ingeniously constructed that any single timber in it can be removed and replaced at pleasure. Symmetrical as is this imposing structure, it only serves to invest with a greater beauty and grandeur the natural scenery around it, for in some places the walls of the ravine which it spans are nearly 400 feet in perpendicular height, and the traveler looks down upon a dizzy view of the canal and the river, each passing through it on a different level below. But the view from below is immeasurably finer. Each of the three falls is well worth seeing, The upper, or Horseshoe Falls, are about seventy feet high. The Middle Falls, about a quar- ter of a mile farther down, pour into a chasm 1 10 feet be- low. A cave called the " Devil's Oven " has been worn into the rocks near the bottom of this fall. For a distance of two miles beyond this point the river winds through perpendicular walls of rock, then takes a series of rocky steps like a stairway, disappears for a moment under a shelving rock, and descends into a narrow pass about fifteen feet in width. Falling here twenty feet, it is m THE ERIE RAILWAY TOURIST 27 whirled back, and, turning abrupt- ly off, falls again into a deep pool overshadowed by shelving rocks. Two watchmen are kept on the bridge day and night, to put out any sparks which may fall from locomotives ; and trains are run at a reduced rate of speed while crossing it, in order to give pas- sengers an opportunity of enjoy- ing the scenery of the valley be- low. All who have time should stop at the station near by, and spend a few hours in a drive to the different falls, or in a ramble along the banks of the river and canal. " *S A poetic mind naturally compares this valley, charm- ing, with its high banks and walls, waterfalls and cas- cades, and distant fields covered with luxuriant verdure to the Falls of Niagara, majestic only in mighty waters. A description, however vivid, will afford the reader but a comparative idea of the grandeur and beauty of Portage Kails. To appreciate, one must see them, and let his own senses describe them for him. 28 THE ERIE RAILWAY TOURIST ERIE'S COMBINATION WITH THE OCEAN STEAM- SHIP COMPANIES. Awakened to the necessity for providing increased facilities for Immigrants landing at the port of New York, and with a view also to maintaining the admitted suprem- acy of the port of New York over all other American and Canadian seaports, the Erie Railway Company some months since entered into an alliance with the principal lines of ocean steamships, known as the "North Atlantic Conference," under which an entire change in the system of booking and forwarding Immigrant passengers from Liverpool and all parts of Europe and the Continent to the United Stairs was effected. Previous to the formation of this compact it had been the custom of the Ocean Steamship Companies whose interests were identified with the port of New York, to book their Immigrant passengers to New York only, leaving it to the railways leading out of New York to furnish the necessary facilities for their transportation to their future homes in the great West. Under this policy, which had been prevalent for a number of years, and which was likely to continue had not the wisdom and forethought of the managers of the Erie Rail- way Company instituted a change, a portion of the immi- gration to the United States was being diverted from the port of New York to other unnatural and inferior Ameri- can and Canadian ports. This was accomplished by the adoption of a tariff of Immigrant rates, which, when added to the Ocean Steam- ship fare, made the through rates from Liverpool, &c, via Baltimore, Philadelphia, and Quebec, to Chicago and the West, from Si oo to S3 00 less than via New York. The operations of this tariff, which discriminated against the port of New York and in favor of the ports above-named, were injurious alike to the City and State of New York, and to the steamship and railroad interests with whose prosperity New York heartily identifies itself. When, however, the managers of the Erie Railway perfected and concluded negotiations with the Ocean Steamship Lines, the disadvantages under which the port of New York had i been laboring, and which threatened to seriously impair its commercial importance, were removed ; the system of booking and forwarding Immigrants was radi- cally changed, so that now Immigrants may purchase through steamship and railway passage tickets in Liver- pool or any part of Europe and the Continent to any part of the Linked States, at the same or even lower rates via New York than via any other American or Canadian sea- port. And when the Immigrant lands at the port of New York and is transferred to the care and custody of the Erie Railway Company, he finds that a wise provision has thrown about him every safeguard for his protection and immunity from imposition. He finds safe and comforta- able quarters at Castle Garden, surrounded by an attrac- tive park of several acres beautifully laid out and thickly studded with shade-trees, and overlooking the bay and environs of New York. Here, both himself and family may remain until they shall have recovered from the fatigue consequent upon an ocean voyage ; and when pre- pared to resume the journey to their prospective homes in the West, the Erie Railway Company will transfer them by barge, free of charge, from Castle Garden to the Railway Depot in Jersey City, opposite New York, and thence to whatever part of the West they may have pur- chased tickets. With a railway company whose managers seem so thoroughly to understand and appreciate the requirements of the Immigrant traffic, and through whose efforts so great a revolution has been brought about in the interest of the Immigrant as to enable him to secure passage as cheaply via the port of New York as via any other, it is not to be wondered at that the managers of the Ocean Steamship Lines cheerfully allied themselves ; and in so doing restored and re-established a hitherto prosperous business, and re-asserted the commercial importance and supremacy of the port of New York over all others. THE FORWARDING OF IMMIGRANTS FROM CASTLE GARDEN TO THE WEST. The Immigrant coming to our shores and landing at the port of New York, no longer finds himself the prey of unscrupulous persons, but, on the contrary, is protected from every form of imposition. On his arrival in the harbor of New York, directly opposite Castle Garden, the Immigrant comes under the charge of the Commissioners of Emigration, who provide for his transfer and that of his luggage, from the steamer to Castle Garden Depot. Here he is conducted to the rotunda of the building, and registers his name, age.^ nationality, &c. If he has friends awaiting him, he is given over into their charge; if he has money which he desires exchanged, the exchange is made at the rates current in Wall street ; if he has let- ters which he desires posted, the service is performed ; if he wishes to make any purchases of food, he can do so, at reasonable prices, within the enclosure of Castle Garden; if he feels fatigued from the ocean voyage, and requires a few days' rest, he can remain within the Garden free of expense; if he desires to take passage at once to the West, he can purchase his railroad tickets at the office of the Erie Railway in Castle Garden, at which office he can also have his luggage checked to destination. He is then conducted to the barge of the Erie Rail- way, which is anchored alongside the Castle Garden pier, and when the hour arrives for the departure of the Im- migrant Express train, he is transferred to the depot of the Erie Railway Company free of expense. THE ERIE RAILWAY TOURIST. 29 THE INDIAN RESER- VATION, On the Western Division of the Erie Railway, ea tending from Vandalia to Salamanca, is a vivid re- minder of the I'.n t that not over .1 centurj ago these fertile fields and thickly- settled regions were owned and tenanted by savage aborigines ; for directly on the line of the road, nay. even intersected by it, is the Indian Reservation, where twenty-five hundred of the descendants of the Seneca braves who om e waged such bloody war- fare against the pale face. now dwell in a state of comparative civilization, following the arts of peace. They are governed by a President, one William Nephew, and without the questionable aid of Peace Commissioners or traders, have become a respectable, peaceable, and well-organ community. SILVER LAKE. Among the many beautiful summer resorts in Western Xew York, few may be said to enjoy a larger popularity than Silver Lake, a beautiful sheet of water three miles and a half long and one mile wide, situated in Wyoming County, upon the highest ground in that section of the State. During the last season over twenty thousand visi- tors sought recreation and pleasure beside its clear waters and amid the fine groves which line its shores. The Sil- ver Like Railway, connecting with the Erie at Gainesville, skirts the easterly shore of the lake for a distance of seven miles, terminating at the village of Perry, one mile beyond which, or at the foot of the lake, is an attractive summer hotel known as Saxton's Silver Lake House. Just be- yond, on a splendid site overlooking the lake, stands an- other large hotel newly completed, with wide verandahs and elegant interior appointments. The excellent fishing in the lake has always made it a favorite resort for sports- men of the hook and line; pickerel, bass, and white-fish are plentiful, while sail and row boats and fishing-tackle are provided for the accommodation of those who desire them. There is also on the lake a pretty little excursion- steamer, capable of carrying one hundred passengers. A quarter of a mile on the lake the Methodist Episcopal twent; eir an- nual camp-meeting held. The grounds have been laid out in lots for which clergymen and oth- ers may spend the heated term, blending religious duties with social and ra- tional enjoyment. CROOKED LAKE Tin- lake, situated part- lv iu Steuben and parti)- in Yates County, Xew York, is a pleasant summer re- treat, and is reached by stage- from Bath, on the Rochester Division of the Erie Railway. It is about twenty-two miles long and one broad, and derives its name from the fact that at its northern end it is divided by a beautiful wooded promontory into two forks, one five and the other about nine miles long. It is also sometimes spoken of under the more modern title of Keuka Lake. Grape-growing is extensively carried on along its shores, which are remarkable, it may be also stated, for their picturesque scenery. Two steamers ply from Penn Yan at its foot to Hammondsport on the south end of the lake, and the trip in summer-time is a delight- ful one. Commodious hotels may be found at Penn Yan and Hammondsport, and at Grove Spring, on the east side of the lake, a large building ha ected as a summer resort, where visi forded every means of enjoy- ment. THE Erie Railway has been fortunate in the tit'. to some of the beautiful landscapes along its line. In a day's ride one may see Ramapo Valley, the American Switzerland— "a title which was first applied to the Rama- po Pass of Xew York by X. P. Willis, and which has since been given in turn to every spot found charming 1 prising tourists" — Starucca Valley, "the Yo- Semite of the East," celebrated in Cropsey's picture of an American autumn scene, and the incomparable Niag- ara Ealls. 30 THE ERIE RAILWAY TOURIST. > \ FALLS FROM 1JEL0W NIAGARA FALLS. The Niagara River, the strait or link connecting the two great lakes, Krie and Ontario, though but thirty-four miles long, yet passes in that brief space through a tre- mendous struggle with the rock-ribbed battlements which line and traverse its current. In those thirty-four miles it accomplishes a total descent of three hundred and thir- ty-four feet, fifty-one feet of which it descends in the .space of three-quarters of a mile in the Rapids which mark its approach to the terrible leap of nearly two hun- dred feet more — the world-renowned Falls of Niagara. Over this great cataract has been pouring ceaselessly through the centuries of the past, with the deafening roar of a thousand thunders, a torrent of water three-fourths of a mile wide and twenty feet in depth, or an aggregate, it is calculated, of a hundred millions of tons per hour. No wonder that to this grandest of natural shrines the untutored aborigines were wont to come yearly to worship their Great Spirit, and propitiate him by the sacrifice of an Indian maiden, sent down on the current in a flower- laden canoe to her death in the terrible vortex ; no won- der that they led thither the first missionaries who pene- trated these wilds, and pointed in speechless awe to the mighty cataract ; and no wonder that in these later days thousands and thousands of tourists from every part of this country and Europe annually make this spot their destination, and stand gazing in mute surprise, as did the savage and the priest before them, at this wonder of the world ! j * From the American side of the Falls the vis- itor has access to the various rocky islands — Goat, Chapin's, Luna, and the Three Sisters — which break the face of the Falls, and enable him to overlook its very brink midway in the river's cur- rent. From this side, too, he descends to the Cave of the Winds, and may visit the Whirl] 1 Chasm Tower, and the Devil's Hole. From the Canada side, opposite, which is reached by a wire suspension-bridge 1,268 feet long, may be viewed the magnificent sweep of the Cataract known as the Horseshoe Fall, (1,900 feet across,) the Burning Spring, the historic village of Chippewa, and the battle- field of Lundy's Lane. Or, by a railroad run- ning on an inclined-plane, from a point on the American side near the brink of the Cataract, the visitor may descend to the river directly #0*-" below the Falls, and looking upward at them from the deck of the ferry-boat which plies from shore to shore, may more than before realize the immensity and grandeur of the scene. It will leave in his memory an im- pression and sense of admiration that a lifetime will not serve to eradicate. The hi ara Falls are large, numerous, and well conducted. Great precautions are now taken by the authorities to insure every convenience to sight- seers, and to prevent extortions and impositions of every kind Til Li ERIE RAILWAY TOURIST 3i PROSPECT POINT-NIAGARA PALLS. 32 THE ERIE RAILWAY TOURIST, BLOOMING GROVE PARK. Under this rather unpretentious title there exists in Northeastern Pennsylvania, close upon the line of the Erie Railway, a grand forest park of seven hundred acres, enclosed with a wire fence, and embracing within its lim- its almost every conceivable surface formation in hills, mountains, valleys, and undulating plateaux. Its forests include the oak, the hemlock, the chestnut, beech, spruce, cedar, maple, birch, pine, hickory, butternut, and other varieties of trees. The enclosure is irregular in shape, having been so laid out as to include the finest lakes and streams. By this arrangement the park, in addition to many miles of fine trout brooks, has within its limits no less than eight fresh- water lakes, the largest nearly three miles in circumference, and all with waters clear as crys- tal, and teeming with black bass and a variety of fish com- mon to our lakes. " What a tempting resort for the angler !" the reader will exclaim. Yes, and for the hunter and sportsman too. For upon these lands are to be found the black bear, wildcat, otter, mink, fox, coon, marmot, deer, and several varieties of squirrels and hares. The birds include the eagle, hawk, owl, blackbird, woodcock, bluebird, sev- eral varieties of duck, partridge, mountain finch, pigeons, quail, the loon, and other migratory birds. Ruffled grouse, woodcock, and deer, are especially numerous, and addi- tions to the stock are constantly being made. Engage- ments have been closed with hunters in various parts of the country, and with army officers on the frontier, to for- ward moose, elk, deer, antelope, Rocky Mountain sheep and goats, and other animals. Some English pheasants and a few wild turkeys have been set at liberty in the Park. The Association owning the Park may be said, in general terms, to have for its object the fuller develop- ment of field and aquatic sports. It is composed of a number of wealthy gentlemen, principally New-Yorkers, who hold a valuable charter from the state of Pennsyl- vania, and already own about twelve thousand acres of land, as well as several thousand adjoining acres leased in addition, of which, as previously stated, about seven hun- dred acres are already enclosed with wire. Suitable pro- visions, by means of dogs and keepers, are made against ig, and heavy penalties are provided for the punish- ment of offenders. The accessibility of the Park to New York, being only about twelve miles distant from Lackawaxen, or four hours' rile via the Erie Railway, makes it a convenient place of resort for members of the Association, their faun invited guests, who here find every variety of enjoyment, while experiencing the benefits resulting from the health- fulness of the locality. CONNECTIONS OF THE ERIE RAILWAY. From various points on the Erie Railway, extending, as it does, from the Hudson to Lake Erie and the Ohio River, and traversing regions in which are successively represented every variety of natural resources, diverge connecting lines, which may not inaptly be designated the vertebrae, of which the Erie is the spinal column. Let us glance briefly at these, and at the regions to which they lead us. At Middletown the Erie connects with the New York and Oswego Midland Railway, recently opened through to Oswego, the greatest grain emporium on Lake Ontario. At Lackawaxen, diverges the Honesdale Branch, running directly into the heart of the Pennsylvania coal region. At Binghamton, three tributary roads come in — the Al- bany and Susquehanna, extending to Albany, the state Capital ; the Syracuse and Binghamton Railroad, extend- ing to Syracuse and Oswego, and the Delaware, Lacka- wanna and Western Railroad, coming in from Scranton and the South, and running to Utica. At Owego a branch of the latter road also diverges to Ithaca, the seat of Cornell University, and the Southern Central Railroad connects for Auburn. At Waverly comes in the great Lehigh Valley Railway, extending from Easton, and form- ing in connection with the North Pennsylvania Railroad, a favorite route between Philadelphia and Niagara Falls and the West. At Elmira, the Northern Central Rail- road, running north and south, intersects the Erie. Here also come in the Chemung Canal, connecting with Seneca Lake, and the Junction Canal, leading southward to the coal fields. At Corning diverges the Blossburg Railroad, and running northward is the Rochester Division. At Hornellsville the main line divides into two great forks or branches, the one running to Buffalo and Niagara Falls, and the other to Salamanca and Dunkirk. At Salaman- ca connection is made with the Atlantic and Great West- ern Division, extending to Cincinnati and Cleveland. At Dunkirk connection is made with the Lake Shore and Michigan Southern Railway. At Buffalo, the trains of the Erie Railway connect with those of the Lake Shore & Michigan Southern, Grand Trunk and Canada South- ern Railways. At Suspension Bridge, connection is made with the Great Western & Michigan Central Rail- way. The Erie Railway, it will thus be seen, lays under di- rect tribute to itself, an immense area of country, em- bracing, to a greater or less extent, the entire grain-pro- ducing regions of the West. Navigable rivers and canals, connecting railroads and inland lakes, all vie in bringing to it an amount of freight and travel, which may well justify its being ranked among the mosl important of our national highways. MAP OF THE CITY OF NEW YORK Showing the location, of the Frtight and Passenger Station*, Ferries, Street Car Lines, Offices, Terminal facUUitt A Connections of the Erie Railway AND THE OCEAN STEAMSHIP LINES. REFERENCES 1 Erie Railway 1-assenger & Freight Depot, foot of Chambers St, 2 •• •• " " " " •• Twenty-third SL 3 •■ •• General Offios, Tir. „i ; ,-ihin/ */. & Eighth Avenue. 4 •• •• Tick.! A Fi;iAAA A ^^AAA^A,A^^^A ^M* *" . " * a 2£ 2 Aaaaa aaAaAaAAA^W - aAAAaAa/ ^^.^/^^W^^A ^/■AI^Maa, ,*a* ^ki^::>; ff; Ai wrffs**. NT'tfVfAK. mm^h ) ^s**ktv^^ ^^^htj^fi ' #^feo^ W*>£waa/vvv \aaaaaaaa ^aaaaaaa! SJ»^^ *^M$fey MWfWW, ^'WW; ;*:- * A .' . aMaaa*mTOiXM#p ..* aAa* ULaaaaa^a. W^fcfa' AAaA*aA'ai ^SSwTOBttW imiii'W?^ .* tf ***** • LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 014 107 557 3