BftlBf OF OUR lis Pasf - Present and Possible Future > Ss THIS BOOK IS DESIGNED AND DEDICATED TO AND THE COMING GENERATIONS OF AMERICAN BORN CHILDREN BY THOMAS G. WOODMAN Page One COPYRIGHT 1919 by T. G. WOODMAN LOS ANGELES CAL. ©GI.A526987 M4V 31 |y|y c » / « THE STAR SPANGLED BANNER Oh, say, can you see, by the dawn's early light, What so proudly we hailed at the twilight's last gleaming, Whose broad stripes and bright stars thro' the perilous fight O'er the ramparts we watched, were so gallantly streaming? And the rockets' red glare, the bombs bursting in air Gave proof thro' the night that our flag was still there. Oh, say, does that Star Spangled Banner yet wave O'er the land of the free and the home of the brave? INDEX Page Dedication 1 Star Spangled Banner 2 Origin of Our Flag 3 Description of Proposed Design 4 Our First Flag 5 Our Second Flag 6 Our Third Flag 7 Our Present Flag 8 Proposed Design of Flag 9 Our Present Flag with 52 Stars 10 Proposed Design ©f Flag with 52 Stars 1 1 Our Present Flag with 60 Stars 1 2 Proposed Design with 60 Stars 1 3 Our Present Flag with 76 Stars 14 Proposed Design with 76 Stars 1 5 Our Present Flag with 104 Stars 16 Proposed Design with 104 Stars 17 Our Present Flag with 1 1 6 Stars 1 8 Proposed Design with 1 1 6 Stars 1 9 Our Present Flag with 1 56 Stars 20 Proposed Design with 156 Stars 21 Our Present Flag with 286 Stars 22 Proposed Design with 286 Stars 23 America 24 Page Two \ Origin of Our I ! ag There is no accurate history; it is claimed that in June, 1776, a committee of Congress, consisting of George Washington, Robert Morris and Col. George Ross, called on Mrs. Betsy Ross, a young widow, at her upholstery shop on Arch street, Philadelphia, and asked her if she could make the flag. She said she would try. A rough design of thirteen stripes and thirteen stars, the latter being six-pointed, was suggested. She advised that the stars should be five-pointed, showing that a five-pointed star could be made with a single clip of the scisors. The committee agreed to this as it would be better. George Washington changed the design on the spot and the committee left. Shortly afterward the sketch thus made was copied and colored by a local artist and was sent to Mrs. Ross, from which she made a sam- ple flag that was approved by the committee. It is added that George Washington thought that the stars should be placed in a circle, thus signifying the equality of the states, none being superior to another. The account rests almost entirely upon Mrs. Ross's own statements made by members of her family and repeated by her descendants. The flag does more than embla- zon a momentous and glorious his- tory; it declares the purposes and heralds the ideals of the Republic; it admonishes us to uphold the in- herent rights of all men; it tells us to stand for international jus- tice and consideration; and it en- courages us to accept the conse- quences without fear. It hails us to individual duties and the co- operation which alone can main- tain equality of rights and fulness of opportunity in America. It insists that we set a compelling example which will enlarge both se- curity and freedom, both peace and prosperity, in all parts of the world. l f aee Thrrf \ Page Four Description of Proposed Design for Blue Field in Flag With the knowledge that the de- sign, or the placing of the stars in the union of our flag, had been changed four times during 1 42 years, the designer conceived the idea that a permanent design could be made without changing the principles for which the stars and stripes were intended. In no way is the size or shape of either the union or stripes changed. Everything owned by the United States is marked either U. S. or United States. The question arises, Why Not Mark the Flag U. S.? By placing thirteen large stars in form of the letter "U," (which may represent the thirteen stars in our original flag), thirteen large stars in the form of the letter "S," (which may represent the thirteen stripes in our original flag), to- gether in the blue field we have a permanent foundation of design. With twenty-six large stars as a foundation, place one small star under each large one, except the four large stars at bottom nearest the center of union, making forty- eight stars, the number in our pres- ent flag. Territories, four in number, have representation in Congress. Why not give them representation on the flag? Place a pentayon under the four stars mentioned above, which in no way will mar the beauty or prin- ciple of design (as shown in draw- ing No. 5 in this book). When ter- ritories are made states the figure representing them may be easily changed to a star. As states are added, a star may be added to the union without changing the principle of design. Drawings may be found on other pages of this book. In fact the more stars added the more beauti- ful the flag. The proposed design will posi- tively provide that another change in design will never have to be made. THOMAS G. WOODMAN, Designer. _ MM! \ No. I OUR FIRST FLAG Thirteen Stars — Thirteen Stripes. Adopted by Congress, June 14, 1777. Resolved, That the flag of the United States be thirteen stripes, alternate red and white; that the union be thirteen stars, white on a blue field, representing a new con- stellation. The flag with thirteen stars and thirteen stripes remained the na- tional emblem until May I, 1795. Page Five \ No. 2 OUR SECOND FLAG Fifteen Stars — Fifteen Stripes. Adopted by Congress January 13, 1794. Not forseeing the growth of the flag in the addition of both star and stripe for each new state, Congress passed the following act, which was approved by President Wash- ington on January 13, 1794. Be it enacted, etc., That from and after the first day of May, one thousand seven hundred and ninety-five, the flag of the United States be fifteen stripes, alternate red and white; and that the union be fifteen stars white in a blue field. The stars were arranged in three parallel rows of five each. This was the national flag for twenty-three years. \ No. 3 OUR THIRD FLAG Twenty Stars — Thirteen Stripes. Adopted by Congress, April 4, 1818. Be it enacted, etc., That from and after the fourth day of July next, the flag of the United States be thirteen horizontal stripes, al- ternate red and white; that the union have twenty stars, white in a blue field. Be it further enacted, That on the admission of every new state into the Union, one star be added to the union of the flag; and that such addition shall take effect on the fourth day of July succeeding such admission. Upon suggestion of Capt. Reid of the United States Navy the stars were arranged to form one great star in the center of the union. This design did not gain favor and the stars were soon thereafter ar- ranged in rows. April 4, 1818, ap- proved by President Monroe, fixed finally the general form of our flag. Page \ No. 4 OUR FOURTH AND PRESENT FLAG Forty-eight Stars — Thirteen Stripes The early confusion about the arrangement of the stars has largely disappeared. In the absence of di- rect legislation an agreement has been arrived at between the War and Navy Departments on the sub- ject. Since July 4, 1908, the arrange- ment of the stars in the flags of the Army and ensigns of the Navy has been in six horizontal rows. Page Eight. No. 5 THE PROPOSED REPLACING OF STARS IN THE BLUE FIELD Forty-eight Stars — Four Territories — Thirteen Stripes. The large stars shown in new design are placed in the form of the letters U and S, thirteen in each, which may represent the thirteen stars and thirteen stripes of our original flag. The twenty-six large stars form the foundation for a per- manent design. A small star is placed under each large star except the four large stars at bottom nearest center of the union, making forty-eight stars the number of our present flag. Place a pentagon under the four stars mentioned above to rep- resent the four territories which have representation in our Con- gress and you have an evenly bal- anced design. The addition of states and terri- tories may be represented on this design for all time. F'age Nine ■I I. ■ I No. 6 AS OUR FLAG WOULD APPEAR WITH Fifty-two States — Thirteen Stripes. With fifty-two stars in the union of our present flag it would appear as per picture. The open spaces which are necessary take away a great deal of the beauty of our present flag. •••••••• •••*••• ••••••• •••••••• •••••*• ••••*•• •••**••• Page Ten No. 7 AS THE FLAG WOULD AP- PEAR IN NEW DESIGN Fifty-two States — Thirteen Stripes. With fifty-two states in the Union, the fifty-two stars would appear as per picture. The repre- sentation of territories is not shown here but may always be placed, no matter how many there may be, without marring the beauty or changing the principle of design. Page Eleven No. 8 AS OUR FLAG WOULD APPEAR WITH Sixty Stars — Thirteen Stripes. With sixty stars in the union of our flag it would appear as per picture. By adding more rows of stars either way you will notice that the stars have to be much smaller, which mars the real beauty of our present flag. ••**•*••• •••••••• *•••**••• •••••*•• ••••••••• ••••••*• *••••*••* Page Twelve — \ No. 9 AS THE FLAG WOULD APPEAR WITH Sixty Stars — Thirteen Stripes. With sixty states in the Union the sixty stars would appear as per picture. From the time fifty-two stars are on the flag, when other stars have to be added, it is pro- posed by the designer to place a *tar first at upper left side of cen- L " ter star in letter U, then upper right side of center star in letter S. Re- peat same form on right side of each star and continue until each large star is surrounded by five small stars. This form of placing added stars is to keep both letters as evenly balanced as possible at ail times. Page Thirteen .£. \ No. 10 AS OUR FLAG WOULD APPEAR WITH Seventy-six Stars — Thirteen Stripes. With seventy-six states in the Union the seventy-six stars would appear as per picture. The stars having to be made much smaller in order to get them in the same space as our present flag would lose a great deal of its beauty. This design is shown only as a comparison to our next picture. •••••••••• *•••••*•• *•••••••• •*•••••••• •*•••••••• •*••••••• *••••*••• •**••••••• Page Fourteen _ZL No. II AS THE FLAG WOULD APPEAR WITH Seventy-six Stars — Thirteen Stripes. With seventy-six states in the Union, the seventy-six stars would appear as per picture. In placing the stars to be added after sixty stars are on flag, the same rule is applied to the end stars of each letter; continue until each end star of each letter is surrounded by five small stars. Page Fifteen S \ No. 12 AS OUR FLAG WOULD APPEAR WITH One Hundred and Four Stars — Thirteen Stripes With one hundred and four states in the Union the one hundred and four stars would appear as per picture. The real beauty of the parallel line rows of stars has dis- appeared and the designers corre- sponding picture found on next page will prove the advisability of a change. Compare this and the next picture at a short distance. * • * * • * • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • * • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Page Sixteen ^L- ___. \ No. 13 AS THE FLAG WOULD AP- PEAR IN NEW DESIGN WITH One Hundred and Four Stars — Thirteen Stripes. With one hundred and four states in the Union, the one hun- dred and four stars would appear as per picture. At the first change to be made or the first stars to be added after seventy-six stars are on the flag, take away the two small stars at right and left sides of the two end and center stars in each letter and place them at upper right and left of stars commencing as you would make both letters U and S continue this form until you have two above each of the twenty- six stars. I'lgc Sfvfntren fL \ No. 14 AS OUR FLAG WOULD APPEAR WITH One Hundred and Sixteen Stars — Thirteen Stripes. With one hundred and sixteen states in the Union the one hun- dred and sixteen stars would ap- pear as per picture. * • * • * • * • • * • * • • * • * • * • * • • • * • * • * * * * • * * * * * * * • * * * * *•*•** * * • * * • * * • * * • * * • * * • * * • * * • * * • * * • * * • • • • * • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Page Eighteen j!L. \ No. 15 AS IT WOULD APPEAR IN NEW DESIGN WITH One Hundred and Sixteen Stars — Thirteen Stripes With one hundred and sixteen states in the Union, the one hun- dred and sixteen stars would ap- pear as per picture. The placing of the stars for this design, com- mence as in design No. 6; surround the center star in each letter, then follow the same form as in design No. 7, surrounding the end stars of each letter. Page Nineteen No. 16 AS OUR FLAG WOULD APPEAR WITH One Hundred and Fifty-six Stars — Thirteen Stripes. With one hundred and fifty-six states in the Union, the one hun- dred and fifty-six stars would ap- pear as per picture. While it is not probable that we will have that many states, the designer wishes to show how the parallel line form of stars would compare with the same number of stars in the pro- posed design. At a short distance, the rows of stars would appear like white stripes. • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • * • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • * • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • * • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Page Twenty -^ No. 17 AS IT WOULD APPEAR IN NEW DESIGN WITH One Hundred and Fifty-six Stars — Thirteen Stripes With one hundred and fifty-six states in the Union the one hundred and fifty-six stars would appear as per picture. Five small stars sur- rounding each large star the design becomes most beautiful. Page Twenty-One _— No. 18 AS OUR FLAG WOULD APPEAR WITH Two Hundred and Eighty-six Stars — Thirteen Stripes. With two hundred and eighty- six states in the Union the two hundred and eighty-six stars would appear as per picture. This picture is shown simply as a comparison as to the extreme limit of the new design without changing the principle or marring its beauty. * * * * * * * * * it it * it it * * * * * it it it it it it it it •k it it it it it it it it it H it * it it it it it it it it it it • • * • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • + • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • * * • • * • • • • • • • * • • * * • • • • • * • * • • • • • • • • • * • • • • • * • * • • • • • • • • * * • * • Page Twenty-Two i No. 19 AS THE FLAG WOULD AP- PEAR IN NEW DESIGN Two Hundred and Eighty-six States — Thirteen Stripes. With two hundred and eighty-six states in the Union, the two hun- dred and eighty-six stars would ap- pear as per picture. This will, in the mind of the de- signer, prove beyond a doubt that if the present form of parallel lines of stars has to be changed at any time in the future, that the pro- posed design, if adopted, would never have to be changed. .m* *m* *,*n* *#' * * * +J(* * * * * * * *n* Page Twcnty-Thrcc i AMERICA My country, 'tis of thee, Sweet land of liberty, Of thee I sing; Land where my fathers died, Land of the Pilgrim's pride, From every mountain side Let freedom ring. Page Twenty-Four i For Binding LW V65 (3/65) LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 027 211 134