» 
 
"^Csvxn 
 
 Illustrated wirii Diagrams 
 
 'V^V^^ 
 
 5J 
 
 Rand, McNal 
 
 &■ Co., ^»?U^E«e'AI^D^1MG?iAVERS,/!' 
 
F^ 
 
 
 H E figures used in presenting these facts 
 were in every instance obtained from 
 official sources. 
 The several Reports of the United States 
 Census at decennial periods, those of the ChieJ 
 of the Bureau of Statistics, and of the Com- 
 missioner of Agriculture, Washington, D. C, 
 were consulted more frequently than others. 
 Figures obtained from State Reports were 
 not accepted unless they were found to agree 
 with the Departmental Reports of the Govern 
 ment. 
 
 ^i\> 
 
 Copyright, 1883, by II. C. Townsend. 
 
i 
 
 I * I * I * I * I « I * I * l-4»> 
 
 he Great 
 
 MMMMm 
 
 Southwest 
 
 •S oooooooo 
 
 A MARVEL <Df progress has been witnessed In recent years in that vast 
 region lyine south of the Missouri and west of t.ic Lower Mississippi 
 rivers, throughout which the rapidly augmenting trade movements 
 f find their focal points in the cities of St. Louis, Kansas C{t}% New Orleans 
 :^ and Galveston. In this region, within ten years, the movements In popula- 
 tion and the transformations in social and industrial aspects have challenged 
 the dreams of imagination, and outstripped all estimates based upon former 
 progression. Indeed, the contrasts presented in a consideration of the 
 growths in the agricultural, mechanical and commercial departments, are 
 bewildering; all the more so when the mind contemplates the difficulties 
 overcome in physical and political, as well as in social and Industrial, direc- 
 - t*ons. A mere glance will reveal results compassed almost in the limits of a 
 decade, which in past periods could not be accomplished In a generation. 
 
 Broad stretches of forest, but recently the hunting ground of the savage 
 and the lair of the wild beast, have fallen before sturdy arms, and are to-day 
 the scenes uf cheerful homes. On the bosom of vast prairies the golden 
 grain has usurped the place of rank vegetation. The lumbering wain of the 
 pioneer immigrant has been followed by the railway car— spanning the rivers, 
 scaling the sides of precipitous mountains, itself the pioneer of a more 
 swiftly moving civilization. 
 
 When the mind contemplates the vast areas embraced In this Southwest 
 region; measures the territorial expanse of States already formed; considers 
 the A.'ealth of forest and Held, of pasture and mine; reflects how it Is fast 
 becoming the chosen abode of thousands seeking its virgin opportunities, 
 and how thousands more, in the near coming years, will seek Its fair domain 
 for homes and vocations — some Idea may be formed of its destiny. 
 
 A few salient facts and statistics, with appropriate comparative diagrams, 
 will make the thought more apparent. 
 
 1 
 
-a«jizj2j2/©^ 
 
 HE State of Texas 
 
 Mir* 
 
 1 1 D 11 |-|HDin-ll|DMl-Nln!||-mD|ii- iiDlil-illnill-Hla 
 
 DESCENDING from a contemplation of the trans-Mississippi region com- 
 prehended in the general designation, the Southwest, penetrated and 
 served by ihe Southwestern railway system, the great State of Texas is 
 found standing the foremost of its States. Not only is it the foremost State 
 liere, but considered territorially and in the vast scope and variety of its 
 production and resources, it is more than equal to many of the largest States 
 
 AiH.-iiiAin. 
 
 All!.- 
 
 DIAGRAM SHOWING THE 
 
 Comparative Area of Texas, Improved and Unimproved, 
 
 Together with the Surface Occupied by the Streams 
 and Lakes. U. S. Census. 
 
 ^TO,099,aoQ 
 
 i- 
 
 g^j^ SMSElSMSSM^MSMMMMMMiMISMM^J^MMMMMMi 
 
 of the Union combined. It has an area greater than tlie Eastern and New 
 England States, and, when in the course of time it shall have reached a pop- 
 ulation of the density of the latter, will have, and can give support and 
 employment to, a population equal to the present population of the United 
 States, and not be uncomfortably crowded. Covering nearly eleven degrees 
 of latitude, it has the extent and variety of climatic and soil adaptations to 
 produce, in its northern and central belt, an amount of cereals almost, and 
 
1'^ I ^MSMMIMM^J^MSMM^M'SMMM^M^J^ [•B'J^ 
 
 in its southern an amount of cotton and sugar, quite equal to the entire 
 amount of those crops produced in the present cultivated area of the United 
 States, bearing equally well all the vegetables and fruits of the temperate 
 and semi-tropical zones. Its broad prairies, fertile and well-watered valleys, 
 can pasture and re:ir the cattle, hogs and sheep for the sustenance of the 
 wliole country, while Its forest and timber supplies are practically inex- 
 haustible. It is growing in wealth and developing in resources more rapidly 
 than any portion of the country. 
 
 Iliil .•|lil|D|llir •|lll|n||lir.'llil|Q|'lll','llll|a|||ir.'ll|||alil!r-.'ll!l 
 
 DIAGRAM SHOWING THE 
 
 ~ Cultivated, Uncuitivated and Timber Land 
 
 January 1st, 1883. :-:-:-:- 
 
 t^sA^^aeo 
 
 III! o INN o mil o Ijllj o mil o I! 
 
 ill o imio II 
 
 o III I o mil o mil Q mil q imi o iiiii o imi o iim oimi o mi o" 
 
I I I I I I 
 
 I I I I I I I 
 
 |X|X|X|X|X|X|X|X|X|X|X|X|X|X|X|X|X|X|X|X|X|X|X|X|X|X|X 
 i I I I I I I ! I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I 
 
 These phenomenal facts will be better understood by a glance at the 
 Illustrative diagrams, which reach the understanding through the eye, 
 and are thus more firmly fixed in the memory. 
 
 The first three show the aggregate area, with the amount of improved 
 and unimproved lands, the timber and water surfaces, and the amount 
 embraced in the crop status. The contrasts are striking, and worth 
 attentive study. 
 
 Crop Area of Texas. 
 
 liii. Ill iiii.iii'iii.iii'iM.iinii.iii'iii.nnii. linn 
 
 Diagram Showing the Comparative Area Occupied by the 
 
 PRINCIPAL FARM CROPS OF TEXAS, 
 
 niAinlA.DlAiClAlDiA IZST 1882. Aia[A|a|Ain|A!n|A|c-: 
 
 < 
 
 K^^ 
 
 COHN, 
 
 3,000,000 Acres. o&.'^ "Icro*^ 
 
 ,375,000 Acres. 
 
 COTTON, 
 
 2j8l0jtl3 Acres. 
 
 '% 
 
 oqo 
 
 a D 
 a a 
 
 I . lOGi . laal . lanl . Innl . Iddi . \aa\ I 
 
 |. .inn!» .!nnl» «|ar-|. .|nnl» .lnnl« «'-d|~| 
 
||An|A|||A|||A|||A|||A|||A|||A|||Al||A|l|A||!A|||A||lA||!A|||A|I|A|| 
 
 Population of ^exas, 
 
 ""HE succeeding diagrams arc very suggestive as showing the 
 sources of population which is reaching the State. While, as is 
 natural, the largest accessions have been from the Southern 
 States, people emigrating, as a rule, westward along the lines of 
 similar latitude; yet, no inconsiderable portion has gone from the 
 
 \::\::\::\ 
 
 I .-.• I ;; I ;; | ;; I ;.• I ;; I 
 
 DIAGRAM SHOWING THE 
 
 Population of Texas by Sex, Nativity and Race. 
 
 U. S. CENSUS. 
 
 Total Population, 
 1,591,749. 
 
 Central "Western States, and, all things considered, a fair share from 
 the East and foreign countries. From the two last influences, now 
 actively at work, the near future will show a rapid movement. A 
 no*able fact is, that, compared with the other Southern States, the 
 colored population is small. 
 
 ^ll::l'=tl::ii^ 
 
ROWTH OF POPULATION 
 
 ^ 
 
 iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii 
 
 iiiiiii 
 
 iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii 
 i IN 
 
 Hill 
 
 TEXAS. 
 
 V;1/EXAS proper and the Territories and States lying to the northwest 
 (C^) were only acquired from Mexico, by the treaty and Gadsden purchase, 
 in 184S. The population at that time was less than 200,000, but poured 
 in rapidly after the close of hostilities, trebling in a decade. Between 1S60 
 and 1870 the increase was less, owing to the civil war; but, in the last ten 
 years, the increase was nearly a hundred per cent. By the same ratio (and 
 it has really been greater), Texas has to-day a population of two millions. 
 
 DIAGRAM SHOWING THE 
 
 POPTJI-ilTIOlT OF TEXAS 
 
 At Decennial Periods since 1850. United States Census. 
 
 Population. 
 
 604,215 
 
 1850 
 
 1860 
 
 1870 
 
 1880 
 
 Percentage 
 of Increase. 
 
 94.4 
 
 Present Population of Texas, and Nativity of InhalDitants. 
 
 Diagram showing the Population 
 distributed according to Section 
 of r.irth within the U. S. 
 
 Diagram showing the Foreign 
 Population distributed according 
 to Country of Birth. 
 
 SOUTHERN\ 
 STATES, 
 
 (not rNCLUDING / 
 TEXAS) / 
 
 491.764 /' 
 
 43,161. 
 
 aHO. 
 
 GERMANY, ^/ 
 
 35,347. 
 
he Cotton Crop of Texas fo- 
 
 >■> » *»**»*» »»V»'f »■*■»> t'*V»7*» » i » »■» » » »■» » » »-f» f f » » » f"» »Vf'» »»»!»» »>■»■?■»» f-*''^ 
 
 -r;r;r;r/r.-r;r;r4 
 
 HE first report made of cotton production in Texas, in the census year 
 1850, showed but little over 50,000 bales. In ten years the crop had 
 grown to a half million; in 18 TO, owing to the cause above stated, it 
 was not so much; but in 1880 it exceeded a million; and in 1882, a million 
 and a half. A previous table shows that less than three million acres are 
 cultivated in cotton. Texas now produces one-fourth of the whole crop 
 raised in the South, and can produce an amount equal to it and still have 
 many millions of the finest cotton lands untouched. 
 
 COTTOIT CROP or TESIAS. 
 
 Diagram showing the Number 
 of Pounds of Cotton Produced 
 in Decennial Years since 1850. 
 
 7850, 
 
 ^ 
 
 Diagram showing the Xumber 
 of Pounds of Cotton Annually 
 Produced since 1878. 
 
 27,584,200 
 
 Pounds. 
 
 1870, 
 
 166,548,300 
 Pounds. 
 
 1880, 
 
 550,873,000 
 
 Pounds. 
 
 1879, 
 538,625,000 Lbs. 
 
 1880, 
 
 550,873,000 
 Pounds. 
 
 1881, 
 
 400,078,947 
 
 Pounds. 
 
 1882, 
 
 008,120,000 
 
 Pounds. 
 
fp ^^he (§^orn ffj ropof ^ exas. S 
 
 -Xt-llioiilo! 'o oi:io|||o|||o|l|-)X-- 
 
 ^-fl^HlS important cereal shows a steaoy increase, but not so striking 
 ^ as the great textile crop. It is only raised for home consump- 
 tion, and but slightingly at that, owing to the fact that the forest and 
 prairios as yet furnish all the needed stock food, the mild climate 
 requiring little or no winter feeding. When the time comes for an 
 
 THE CORN CROP OF TEXAS. 
 
 Diagram showing the Number 
 of Bushels of Corn Produced in 
 Decennial Years since 1850. 
 
 Diagram Showing the Number 
 of Bushels of Corn Annually Pro- 
 duced since 18T7. Dept. of Agr. Report. 
 
 1860, 
 16,500,703 
 Bushels. 
 
 1870, 
 20,554,538 
 
 1880, 
 
 66,754,500 
 
 Bushels. 
 
 • lill-lll! 
 
 export demand at remunerative prices, Texas can supply all foreign 
 custom, as well as her own needs, without trenching seriously on her 
 domain. The 3,000,000 acres now in corn could be easily quadrupled, 
 and there would be plenty of corn laud to spare. 
 8 
 
||0|T|0|T|0|T|0|T|0|TlOlT|0|T|oiTlo|T|OiTlO|TjO|T|0|TiO|T|o| 
 
 Teu Weuat crop ~^ 
 
 OF TEXAS. ( ^ 
 
 A A 
 
 7 V 
 
 ^T is only of late years, and since the 
 ^ large accessions of settlers from the 
 
 -~' — --- ^-^ Northern and Western States of the 
 
 Union, that any attention has been given to wheat raising. Even now, 
 although all the northern, and portions of the central, belt, are found well 
 adapted to successful and profitable wheat culture, not enough is raised 
 for home consumption. The capacity for vast production exists, and will 
 be developed as the necessities of the coming years require. 
 
 TyTTTTTTTy^yTTTyTTTTTTTTTTyTTyTTTTTTTTyTTTTT I 
 
 WHEAT CROP OF TEXAS. 
 
 Diagram showing the Number 
 of Bushels of Wheat Produced in 
 different years since 1850. 
 
 Diagram showing the Number of 
 Bushels of Wheat Annually Pro- 
 duced since 18TT. 
 
 41,729 ^:_^ 
 
 Bushels. 
 
 1867, 
 
 794,000 
 
 BtisTiels.' 
 
 1874, 
 1,474,000 
 
 .^Bushels. 
 
 1882, 
 4,173,700 
 ]Busliels. 
 
 iBusTiels. 
 
 1879, 
 2,567,760 BusTiels. 
 
 3,008,112 Bushels. 
 
 JS81, 
 5,339,000 Euslielf 
 
 M 
 
 1882, 
 4,173,700 Bueliela. 
 
 g|°|iiMgl°llil°!g|°Hlll°|ghlliil°igi°li:ii°igi°iiHi-li 
 
liXTlTLnJTJTrUlJTJTJXnJTJTJTJTnj^^ 
 
 ©HE Oat ©Rep 
 
 ^ 
 
 ■Sh 
 
 OF TEXAS. 
 
 The same reflections apply to the oat crop, the increase of 
 which from less than 200,030 bushels in 1850, to 9,239,600 in 1882, is 
 shown in the subjoined table: 
 
 f^S^^\a I T I n It I a I T I □ I T ■ □ IjJ^l ° I T i a I T j a I T I □ I T | -= V^^^^^fM 
 
 <^^^V\ I D I T I n I T ! o I T ! o Tl-irri'DlTlDlTlolTlc: Ivr^^^ 
 
 OAT CROP OF TEXAS. 
 
 Diagram showing the Number of 
 Bushels of Oats Produced in De- 
 cennial years since 1850. 
 
 1850, 
 199,017 f^l :Busliels. 
 
 1860, 
 
 Bushels. 
 
 1870, 
 762,663 
 BusTielg 
 
 1880, 
 6,936,540 
 Bushels. 
 
 Diagram showing the Number 
 of Bushels of Oats Annually Pro- 
 duced since 1877. 
 
 hs 
 
 • 3877, 
 4,300,000 Bushels. 
 
 1878. 
 5,531,500 BusTiels. 
 
 6,936,540 3u6Tiels. 
 
 1881, 
 8,334,000 JBushels, 
 
 ',339,600 ^usTiels. 
 
 10 
 
P^ELAjrVE ■\/'ALUE_0F 
 
 ^;exas Parm I^roducts. jT 
 
 
 ^»h^ll,hvHli^^l!llhvHii!l<^^ll^h^ll^hv 
 
 THE next illustration is an interesting one, and worthy of careful study. 
 It shows the variety of Texas farna products, the aggregate quantity 
 produced, the aggregate value, and the value per acre. 
 
 DIAGRAM SHOWING THE 
 
 REUTIVE VALUE OF THE FARM PRODUCTS OF 'TEXAS 
 
 FOR THE YEAR 1882. 
 Report of Department of Agriculture. 
 
 !0|l|D|||0|||D 
 
 omaN|o|||D!l|o||!n|||o[||n|||o!||DH|Q|||n|jjo|||D|||o| 
 
 QUANTITY. 
 
 PRODUCTS. 
 
 VALUE 
 PER ACRE. 
 
 2-11,924 11)S. 
 46,620 bu. 
 116,600 bu. 
 344,025 bu. 
 
 81,489 tons 
 
 4,173,700 bu. 
 
 Tobacco, 
 Rye, 
 Barley, 
 Potatt)es, 
 
 Hay, 
 
 Wheat, 
 
 ibu. 
 
 63,416,300 bu. 
 
 Oats, 
 
 608,120,000 lbs. 
 
 41.127 
 42,890 
 93,280 
 326,823 
 
 4,987,384 
 
 S 41.00 
 14.00 
 17.00 
 42.00 
 
 13.00 
 
 12.00 
 
 21.00 
 
 11 
 
p 
 
 " ■■■^ "^ \~-«0 0000000000000000000000000000000 ( 
 
 R eligious r iENOMiNATioNS 
 
 ^ VdNNNNNNI -*-^ J I d I lJ N I d I J I d N I d I d I d I J 
 IN TEXAS. 
 
 '^T^F.XAS is fairly supplied, for a new State, with churches 
 ((f) and religious societies, and the moral and pious reader 
 1^ will be pleased to note in the following illustration a 
 statement of the number and relative numerical strength of 
 the various sects: 
 
 ^l|l|alli'°'"° 
 
 D D 
 
 mmioi 
 
 DIAGRAM SHOWIXG THE 
 
 Relative Strength of the Religious Denominations 
 
 IN TEXAS. 
 (Rand, McNally & Co.'s Indexed Atlas of the World.) 
 
 AVAVAVAVAVAVAVAVAVAVAVAVAVAVAVAVA 
 
 ZRoman 
 Catholic, 
 
 120,000. 
 
 Methodist 
 
 lEpiscopal, 
 
 (South) 
 
 82,939. 
 
 IBaj)tist, 
 
 76,857. 
 
 □ 
 
 n 
 n 
 □ 
 
 Presbyterian, 1,031 
 
 Other Denominations, 2,545 
 
 Protestant Episcopal, 3,G65 
 
 Protestant Methodist, 5,000 
 
 Presbyterian South, 5,300 
 
 Methodist Episcopal. 9,372 
 (Colored.) 
 
 13,3Sr, 
 
 Cumberland 
 
 Presbyterian, 
 
 16,000, 
 
 ' Christian, 
 
 
 Methodist Episcopal, 
 
 ^^i^m-. 
 
 12 
 
Ill ^ lllllll "" lllllll 
 
 III V lllllll ^ lllllll 
 
 A 
 
 I ^ ^ 
 
 TRADE * CENTRES 
 
 AND 
 
 rowing Cities in Texas. 
 
 fiNE of the natural, indeed necessary, features of the wondrous 
 growth of Texas is found in the progress and business develop- 
 ment of its numerous trade centres and'growing cities. They 
 are principally along the lines and branches of the Southwestern 
 railway system, and comprise, in the north, Marshall, Dallas and 
 Fort Worth; toward the centre, TVaco and the capital. Austin; in 
 the south and southwest, Houston and San Antonio; and on the Gulf 
 coast the splendid port of Galveston, a city of fine attractions, with large 
 export and import commerce. Two illustrated examples are given. 
 
 C03I3IEItCE OF HOUSTON, 
 
 ooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooo 
 
 Dlasrram showing the value of Mer- 
 chandise exported from Houston for 
 year ending September 30th, 1881. 
 
 Diagram showing the number of 
 Bales of Cotton annually received for 
 five years ending August 31st, 1881. 
 
 Oil, Oil Calse 
 
 and otlier 
 "Merchandise, 
 
 13 
 
COMMERCE OF GALVESTON 
 
 (i) 
 
 Diagram showing the Cotton 
 Keceipts for the years ending 
 Aug. 3lst. I860, 1871 and 18S1. 
 
 Diagram showing Estimate 
 of Mercliandise Sales for four 
 years ending Dec. Slst, 1882. 
 
 j 1879, 
 $ 23,913,800, 
 
 1830, 
 $ 31,307,089. 
 
 37,755,000. 
 
 $ 42,845,000. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Diagram Showing the Total Value of 
 
 MERCHANDISE, COIN AND BULLION 
 
 Annually Imported and Exported at Galveston, Texas, since the year 1859. 
 U. S. Report on Commei-ce and Navigation. 
 
 Imports. Year. 
 
 Exports. 
 
 ^TPJ 
 
 $ 3,S.3S,7G9 
 
 5,772,158 
 1,121,292 
 
 1,288,926 
 7,017,472 
 5,829,110 
 9,616,153 
 
 14,873,732 
 13,787,250 
 12,211,933 
 17,710,509 
 19,193,042 
 16,225,907 
 15,610,241 
 15,489,194 
 12,248,479 
 16,452,061 
 16,749,880 
 
 14 
 
<j o 
 
 <] o 
 
 <l t> 
 
 < o 
 
 < o 
 
 < [> 
 
 <3 O 
 
 <1 > 
 
 ^ 
 
 ailroads^i^ in )t( Texas, 
 
 |:|!l:li|:| 
 
 SEYOXD all question, the chief factor in the advancement 
 of this imperial domain is the immense railroad develop- 
 ment of the last few years; the system of transportation 
 traversing all portions, binding closely its far-reaching area, 
 and bringing the whole State into connection with every por- 
 tion of the United States. The subjoined table tells the story 
 of progress, it being only necessary to add, that to-day there 
 is more railroad building going on in Texas ttfan in any other 
 part of the country. 
 
 i'il^lilvii! 
 
 ^Illvl 
 
 DIAGRAM SHOWING THE EXTENT OF 
 
 RAILROAD MILEAGE IN TEXAS 
 
 FROM 1869 TO MAT Ist," 1883. 
 
 -f 1 1 i + IH + l I 
 
 + lN+IM + lll + lll + 'll+lli + l|l + lll + lll + lll + 
 
 1869 
 
 583 
 
 1870 
 
 711 
 
 1871 
 
 865 
 
 1872 
 
 1,078 
 
 1873 
 
 1,578 
 
 1874 
 
 "1,630 
 
 1875 
 
 1,683 
 
 1876 
 
 2,031 
 
 1877 
 
 2,210 
 
 1878 
 
 2,428 
 
 1879 
 
 2,591 
 
 18S0 
 
 3,293 
 
 1881 
 
 5,344 
 
 1882 
 
 5,974 
 
 May 1, 1883 
 
 6,097 
 
 o. of Miles to 
 each 450 Squar 
 Miles of Area, 
 
 1. 
 1.2 
 1.4 
 1.8 
 2.6 
 2.8 
 2.8 
 3.4 
 3.7 
 4.1 
 4.4 
 5.6 
 9.2 
 10.2 
 10.4 
 
 15 
 
'he State of 
 
 rkansas.'s^ 
 
 «^ 
 
 tlHOUGH territorially far behind its great sister of the Southwest, 
 ' Arkansas has manj-, indeed, superior advantages. Its entire eastern 
 ■^^ border is washed by the Mississippi, its western by Red river, while 
 It Is intersected by the Arkansas and White rivers from east to west, and 
 by the Ouachita in the south, all of which are navigable for long dis- 
 tances. Notwithstanding these fine natural channels, it was not until the 
 railway system of the Southwest intersected and brought it Into more 
 direct and active communication with the world of trade and business, 
 
 DIAGRAM SHOWING THE 
 
 COMPARATIVE AREA OF ARKANSAS, 
 
 Improved and Unimproved, together with the surface 
 
 occupied by the Streams and Lakes. 
 
 U. S. Census. 
 
 that Its fertile lands and fine mineral and timber resources placed it fully 
 and fairly in the line of progressive States. Situated between the thirty- 
 third and thirty-seventh parallels of latitude, and with unequaled facilities 
 for reaching markets, It is destined to become one of the leading States in 
 cotton production, while cereals can be successfully grown, and In fruits and 
 vegetables It ranks among the foremost. But a small portion of its lands is 
 as yet under cultivation, as the foregoing illustration shows. 
 
 16 
 
+ iM- 
 
 + i .!■ 
 
 '•.l + i'.l + !M 
 
 DIAGRAM SHOWING THE 
 
 POPUI-ilTIOlT OP ARUAITSAS 
 
 By Sex, Nativity and Race. U. S. Census. 
 
 Total Population, 
 802,525, 
 
 D —---I D I G I D 1 ^— i O I D I D 
 
 D ' n I D li 
 
 PRESENT POPULATION OF ARKANSAS 
 AND NATIVITY OF INHABITANTS. 
 
 Diagram showing the Population • Diagram showing the Foreign 
 distributed according to section of yr. Population distributed according 
 Birth within the U. S. )( to Country of Birth. 
 
POPFLATIOF 
 
 OF 
 
 /RKAFSAS. 
 
 
 Q'HE increase of population in former periods was mainly along the 
 jl navigable streams with which Arkansas is abundantly supplied; but 
 i| I more recently the fine uplands, brought into market by the railways, 
 have given a more active and general impulse; and it is safe to assert 
 that the fine increase of the past decade will be succeeded by a much 
 larger ratio in the coming years. A marked feature in the accompanying 
 table is the great preponderance of native-born citizens; the entire num- 
 ber of foreign birth being less than ten thousa- d. The accessions from 
 the Eastern States are nearly as much, while the greatest increase is found 
 from the active and enterprising peoples of the central "Western States. 
 The attractions offered in all portions for cheap homes and varied indus- 
 trial pursuits must necessarily add largely and more miscellaneously to 
 its numbers in the near future. 
 
 o|x|o|X|o|Xioix|o|x|o|xio|xioiX|o;x|o|x|o|X|o|x|o|xlo|Xic|x 
 
 DIAGRAM SHOWIXG THE 
 
 Population of Arkansas at Decennial Periods since 1820. 
 
 r. s. cExsrs. 
 
 ooooooooocoooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooocoooooooooo 
 
 Population, 
 
 802,525 
 484,471 
 435,450 
 209,897 
 97,574 
 30,388 
 14,255 
 
 Year. 
 
 1880c 
 
 
 i 
 
 
 
 IgGO. 
 
 
 
 
 1S50, 
 
 
 Percentaire of 
 Iiicresse. 
 
 65.6 
 11.2 
 107.4 
 115.1 
 221.0 
 113.1 
 
 OD 1 •*• 
 
 D D 
 D D 
 
 I'MO Dili' • nil Q 
 
 18 
 
 □ D 
 DC 
 
l:;lllllllil!llllllil!lillMi! Il!i!lllllll!!!!llli!!l!!li;:!!!llll 
 
 ■^ .-[Dj^j^j^j^j^IglS MiS .raj2M2 i« 
 
 EVERT portion of Arkansas is well adapted to the production of the 
 great textile of the South, yet bu: a small portion is employed in its 
 cultivation; in fact, not one acre in ten being utilized for this or 
 any other crop. The statistics of growth show that the cotton production 
 increased from about KJ,00i} bales in isyi, to over 600.000 bales in 18S0, and this 
 
 COTTON CROP OF ARKANSAS. 
 
 Diagram showing the Number 1/ Diagram showing the Xumber 
 of Pounds of Cotton Produced in 1;^ of Pounds of Cotton AnnuallvPro- 
 
 'f ceuuial Tears since ..S50. 
 
 duced sii.ce 1878. 
 
 37,033,400 
 
 1860, 
 
 ]7i,51 1.675 
 - Pounds. 
 
 18?0, 
 
 117,784.800 
 Pounds 
 
 18S0, 
 
 232,243.000 
 Pounds. 
 
 i 
 
 318,277.050 Pounds. 
 
 18T&, 
 323.812.500 Pounds. 
 
 1880, 
 232,243,000 Pounds, 
 
 1881, 
 
 197,562,500 Pounds. 
 
 k 
 
 1882, 
 315,100,000 Pounds. 
 
 b 
 
 iilllliiliililllllllliuuw. 
 
 .ii;i!lll!ll[!llll!llllli 
 
 uhl 
 
 lllll 
 
 was increased by the amount of two hundred thousand bales in 1882. the 
 crop of that year being over 8liO,000 bales. "With its rapidly increasing popu- 
 lation and increased facilities for transportation, it will surpass even this, 
 and Arkansas will stand among the foremost of cotton-producing States. 
 
 18 
 
Qow Production # 
 
 .^^s»oF Arkansas. 
 
 fN common with other Southern States In which there exists a 
 large proportion of colored labor, but little attention has been 
 l)aid to the corn crop, the supplies being drawn from the "West- 
 ern States, and the facilities for reaching the regions to be supplied, 
 along the rivers, being easy and economical. Yet there has been a 
 notable increase In its growth; and, the State being flnelj' adapted 
 to It, the crop has been doubled in the last decade, and increased 
 by more than two million bushels in the last two years. 
 
 CORN CROP OF ARKANSAS. 
 
 liiupram showins the Number of 
 Bushels of Corn Produced in decen- 
 nial years since 1850. 
 
 Diagram showing the Number of 
 Bushels of Corn Annually Produced 
 since 1874. 
 
 1877, 
 23,100,000 JJm. 
 
 1878. 
 23,092,000_Bii. 
 
 1879. 
 
 ^^^ 22,432,800:gtf. ^ 
 
 ^P 1880. 
 
 K 3-3,350,250 
 
 ^ ^ bushels. 
 
 I I 1881^ 
 
 ^^ 21 03S. 000 7? // . 
 
 :Bu»h€U. 
 
 80 
 
I I 
 
 9 
 
 AT^i^CROP-^ 
 
 (Arkansas. 
 
 S In the corn, so In the oat crop, Arkansas is fast reaching 
 
 the point of raising its own supplies, thus, in these two 
 
 important cereals, increasing the source of State wealth; 
 
 the crop, which in 1870 w^as but little over a half million of 
 
 bushels, having increased in 1880 to 2,748,834, and two years later 
 
 to more than three millions. 
 
 OAT CROP OF ARKANSAS. 
 
 Diagram showing the Number of 
 Bushels of Oats produced in Decen- 
 nial Years since 1850. 
 
 Diagram showing the Number of 
 Bushels of Oats annually produced 
 since 1876. 
 
frengtfi- 
 
 
 RELIGIOUS DENOMINATIONS 
 
 ^^I^IKZ^lsTS^S. 
 
 ■G 
 
 t 
 
 T' 
 
 ^HE statistics show that Arkansas Is very fairly supplied with churches, 
 each of the leading denominations being well represented in its 
 population. 
 
 J.|±|J.|±jJ.|±|J. |±1J. I±|J.|±|J.|±||J.|±JJ. |±|J.i±|J.|±|.L|±|J.| 
 
 tNt 
 
 DIAGRAM SHOWING THE 
 
 RELATIVE STRENGTH OF RELIGIOUS DENOMINATIONS 
 
 IN THE STATE OF ARKANSAS. 
 (Rand, McNally & Co.'s Indexed Atlas of the World.) 
 
 a 
 
 □ 
 □ 
 
 m 
 
 95 
 165 
 200 
 800 
 
 372 
 
 960 
 
 1,000 
 
 1,200 
 
 2.495 
 
 Other Denominations, 
 
 Jews, 
 
 Friends, 
 
 Lutheran, 
 
 Protestant Episcopal, 
 
 Church of God, 
 
 Anti-Mission Baptist, 
 
 Second Adventist, 
 
 Presbyterian, 
 
 Protestant Methodist, 
 
ailroads of Arkansas. 
 
 '2) 
 
 ONE of the most striking and interesting features in the record of 
 recent growth is the remarkable increase of railroads, nearly all 
 the roads of the Southwestern system either traversing the State en- 
 tirely or penetrating it with main lines or branches. The er''re mile- 
 age is now close on to two thousand miles, an increase nea'-iv tenfold 
 in the last decade. The lines projected and in process cf construction 
 will add a like increase in the next ten years, by which time Arkansas 
 will have railway facilities equal to any of her older sisters, and in 
 S combined water and rail transportation will be the foremost State^ 
 
 Diagram showing the extent of 
 
 RAILROAD MILEAGE IN ARKANSAS, 
 
 From 1869 to May 1st, 1883. 
 
 YEAR. 
 
 MILES. 
 
 1869 
 
 128 
 
 1870 
 
 256 
 
 1871 
 
 253 
 
 1872 
 
 450 
 
 1873 
 
 700 
 
 1874 
 
 700 
 
 1875 
 
 740 
 
 1876 
 
 767 
 
 1877 
 
 767 
 
 1878 
 
 783 
 
 1879 
 
 808 
 
 1880 
 
 896 
 
 1881 
 Mav 1st 
 
 1883 
 
 1,042 
 1.747 
 
 ■ illSliHiolM^HioMISIhilolhli 
 
 lllllil 
 
 No. of 
 Miles to 
 .ach 40f 
 Sq. Miies 
 of Area. 
 
 linni 
 
 ihiiii 
 
 OBSERVATION, 
 
 iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii 
 
 INIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII w^w^. »..,.....,. II iiiiiiiililllllilllllll 
 5THE foregoing presentations do not by any means exhibit all of the at- 
 vL" tractions and advantages of the States of the Southwest, nor do they 
 include all the States. Equally interesting illustrations could be given 
 of others, and also of the progress in educa-tion; Texas, particularly, with 
 her affluence of proprietary lands, having set apart funds and endowments 
 for school purposes far more munificent than has been done elsewhere by 
 either federal or State_ effort. Enough, however, is presented to show how 
 this vast and interesting region, aroused by the impulses of a new and 
 more healthful progress, and freed from the trammels so long restraining 
 its development, is full of the elements and energies which are fast making 
 it the most prosperous portion of the Union. 
 
 ^ 
 
 23 
 
Increase of Population. 
 
 
 itiiiiitiiiiiiiiiiitilliiti 
 
 fHE increase of population in the Soutliwest is mainly referable to two 
 causes; first, the attractions of an inviting agricultural domain, and 
 the movements of people imparted by railroad construction. There 
 are no mines of precious metals, so attractive to the restless masses; 
 but meagre manufacturing interests, small demands for mechanical labor, 
 and but little active capital; yet, it will be perceived, that Arkansas, for- 
 merly an obscure and unimportant State, stands midway in the list; Mis- 
 souri, a little behind the favored States of Ohio, Michigan and Illinois; Kan- 
 
 Diagram showing the in 
 crease of 
 
 POPULATIO:^ 
 
 During- the Last TEN Years, 
 
 In the several States 
 and Territories 
 
 TOTAL INCREASE. 
 
 Dakota, 
 
 Colorado, 
 
 W. Virginia, 
 
 Louisiana, 
 
 New Jersey, 
 
 Wisconsin, 
 
 Alabama, 
 
 Tennessee, 
 
 Virginia, 
 
 S. Carolina, 
 
 Indiana, 
 
 Mississippi, 
 
 California, 
 
 Arkansas, 
 
 Massachusetts, 
 
 Kentucky, 
 
 N. Carolina, 
 
 Nebraska. 
 
 Minnesota, 
 
 Georgia, 
 
 Iowa, 
 
 Missouri, 
 
 Michigan, 
 
 Ohio, 
 
 Illinois, 
 
 Kansas, 
 
 New York, 
 
 Pennsylvania, 
 
 All other States 
 
 TEXAS, 
 
 nnri Territories 
 
 sas coming next t5-New York and Pennsylvania; and Texas leading ^ 
 the column with a decennial gain exceeding three-quarters of a million. 
 That the increase of these States, with only the advantages mentioned, 
 should compare thus favorably with the older States, with their rich 
 industrial forces and metropolitan cities, is but one of many indications 
 of the greatness to be reached in the future. Texas shows an increase 
 surpassing tlie unenumerated States and Territories combined. «§■ 
 
 24 
 
O) 
 
 ^ 
 
 Potton Production 
 
 :|:i 
 
 UNITED STATES. 
 
 THE cotton crop, which in previous years for a time had averaged about 
 4,000,000 bales, but was greatly reduced during the war, has now attained 
 much greater proportions. The largest iucreas?, as will appear, is in the 
 States of the Southwest, which now produce about one-third of the total, and 
 win soon reach one-half. The city of St. Louis, lying at the apex of the South- 
 western railway system, and at the head of deep-water navigation on the 
 Mississippi, is rapidly winning its way to the foremost rank among the inte- 
 rior cotton marts of the country. Its receipts for the year 1682-3, closing 1st 
 September, were 463,311 bales, tho most of which came by the railroads of the 
 Southwest. 
 
 DIAGRAM SHOWING THE NUMBER OF 
 
 BALES OF COTTON ANNUALLY PRODUCED 
 
 In the United States since 1865. 
 
 Illlllllll 
 
 TCAR. 1 From " Statistical Abstract." 
 
 BALES. 
 
 Illlllllll 
 
 1865 
 1866 
 1867 
 1368 
 1869 
 1870 
 1871 
 1872 
 1873 
 1874 
 1875 
 1876 
 1877 
 1878 
 1879 
 1880 
 1881 
 1882 
 
 ■|H|H 
 
 
 2,154,476 
 
 1,951,988 
 2,430,893 
 2,260,557 
 3:11 1,592 
 4,347,006 
 2,974,351 
 3,930,508 
 4,170,388 
 3,827,845 
 4,632,313 
 4,474,069 
 4,773,865 
 5,074,155 
 5,761,252 
 6,605,750 
 5,456,048 
 6,700,000 
 
 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 
 r^""-^i 
 
 
 1 
 
 B 
 
 ^-1=:; Ji 
 
 1 
 
 Illlllllll 
 
 II! o Mill o mil o mil o mil o mn o mn o mii o lim o nl 
 
 85 
 
rs R N .,. 
 
 IN THE 
 
 
 S\Outhv/est. 
 
 ,^. >y .J. .J. ;jc 4 ^■ Y 't ^J^ >Y 
 
 m 
 
 ::i!^ 
 
 CORN is the leading staple cereal of the South, emphatically the staff of 
 life for man and beast. Its production has Increased in large ratio 
 during late years; and although it does not enter into commerce, being 
 used and mostly consumed at homo, yet s > much produced which was for- 
 merly bought in the "^est, shows a large added volume of income and a 
 steady growth in prosperity. Texas leads in production, with an annual 
 value of $74,OOO,CO0 ; Arkansas and Louisiana showing nearly 830,000,000 each. 
 
 DIAGRAM SHOWING THE AVERAGE ANNUAL VALUE 
 • OF THE 
 
 .■Siiiiiiiiiii mill - li - N - II - II - II - mill iiiiiiiiiiiif* 
 
 -^ 
 
 CORN CROP IN THE SOUTHERN STATES = 
 
 m 
 
 llllllllll— lliill - li - M - 11 - 11 - II - llllli IllliilllllS? 
 
 
 FOR THREE YEARS, ENDING DEC. 31st, 1882. 
 Report of Department of Agriculture. 
 
 STATE. 
 
 
 VALUE. 
 
 Ixxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxl 
 
 Florida, 
 
 Tennessee, 
 
 N. Carolina, 
 
 S. Carolina, 
 
 Louisiana, 
 
 Arkansas, 
 
 Alabama, 
 
 Georgia, 
 
 Mississippi, 
 
 TEXAS, 
 
 
 
 I 
 
 
 $ 3,318,206 
 15,260,124 
 18,158,851 
 26,009,673 
 29,395,924 
 30,341,696 
 34,052,694 
 39,577,122 
 40,243,667 
 47,700,341 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ^^■■^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 j 
 
 
 
 
 
 
»ll[iaillo||||gll|o||ligillolllBnio|lllBllloillBII|o|lliaillolllBIHollllBIII-l 
 
 omparative Value of Wheat 
 
 S»xxxxx 
 
 xxxxx^ 
 
 Western and Southern States. 
 
 fHE amount of wheat produced south of Missouri and Kansas, the 
 two chief wheat-producing States of the Southwest, is small, far 
 below the needs of local supply. In the northern portions of Texas 
 and Arkansas the production is increasing. The surprising f acf in this 
 connection is that the average value of the crop per acre in Texas, 
 surpasses that of the most favored wheat-producing region, being 
 17 T8-100 per acre. 
 
 ^^••••■•■••■••••■•••■••••■•••••■••■••••••■•••••••■•••^^s:^ 
 
 DIAGRAM SHOWING THE 
 
 AVERAGE VALUE OF THE WHEAT CHOP PER ACRE, 
 
 In the Western and Southern States, for the Year 1881. 
 
 STATE. 
 
 Report of Department of Agriculture. 
 
 VALUK. 
 
 Louisiana, 
 
 Nebraska, 
 
 Iowa, 
 
 Tennessee, 
 
 Florida, 
 
 Mississippi, 
 
 S. Carolina, 
 
 Kansas, 
 
 Kentucky, 
 
 Georgia, 
 
 Illinois, 
 
 Missouri, 
 
 N. Carolina, 
 
 Alabama, 
 
 Virginia, 
 
 Minnesota, 
 
 California, 
 
 "W. Virginia 
 
 Wisconsin, 
 
 Michigan, 
 
 Indiana, 
 
 Oregon, 
 
 Ohio, 
 
 Nevada, 
 
 TEXAS, 
 
 S 4.95 
 6.S9 
 7.00 
 8.30 
 8.41 
 8.96 
 9.40 
 9.55 
 9.82 
 9.94 
 10.00 
 10.23 
 10.28 
 10.43 
 10.64 
 12.08 
 12.36 
 13.12 
 13.45 
 13.62 
 13.72 
 15.14 
 17.16 
 17.40 
 17.78 
 
 ^Ss^s^^^^ 
 
 ^^^\s-$^^-^ 
 
 27 
 
Wool in the Southern States. 
 
 oooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooo 
 
 /^HE value of sheep and wool has grown in a remarkable ratio in the 
 \^^ Southern States in later j^ears. Texas, in this production, is a long 
 way in advance of her sister States. If the number of sheep and their 
 wool product, herded on the public lands, and consequently not included in 
 the following table, were added to the enumeration, it would show an 
 amount which ("excepting Kentucky and Missouri) would surpass all the 
 rest of the Southern States combined. 
 
 Diagram Showing the CoiiiparatiTC Quantity of >VOOL Produced in 
 the Southern States in the Year 1880. U. S. Census. 
 
 
 Number of 
 
 POUNDS. 
 
 Sheep in 
 
 
 im. 
 
 162,810 
 
 58,382 
 
 272,758 
 
 120,078 
 
 406,678 
 
 135,631 
 
 557,368 
 
 249,225 
 
 734,643 
 
 290.571 
 
 762,207 
 
 354,489 
 
 917.756 
 
 470,871 
 
 1,289,560 
 
 538,141 
 
 1.836,673 
 
 502.262 
 
 1,918,293 
 
 675,478 
 
 4.592.576 
 
 990.266 
 
 6.928.019 
 
 6,850.000 
 
 Value of 
 
 Sheep in 
 
 1882. 
 
 Florida, 
 
 S. Carolina, 
 
 Louisiana, 
 
 Arkansas, 
 
 Mississippi, 
 
 Alabama, 
 
 N. Carolina, 
 
 Georgia, 
 
 Virginia, 
 
 Tennessee, 
 
 Kentucky, 
 
 TEXAS, 
 
 $105,088 
 
 201.133 
 
 227,860 
 
 353.899 
 
 421.328 
 
 496,285 
 
 612.132 
 
 780.304 
 
 1,245,610 
 
 1,148,313 
 
 2.822.2.58 
 
 14.385.000 
 
 ijxnjxrmjxriJiJTruxnjTJTJxriJTJiJTJ^^ 
 
 Diagram Showing the Averasre CASH VALUE PER ACRE of the 
 
 Cereals, Potatoes, Tobacco and Hay. taken together 
 
 in Eighteen States for the Year 1881. 
 
 STATE. 
 
 Report of Department of Agriculture. 
 
 S. Carolina 
 
 Georgia, 
 
 Nebraska, 
 
 Florida, 
 
 Tennessee, 
 
 Kansas, 
 
 Alabama, 
 
 N. Carolina, 
 
 Iowa, 
 
 Mississippi, 
 
 Missouri, 
 
 Delaware, 
 
 'Virginia, 
 
 Illinois. 
 
 Minnesota, 
 
 Texiis, 
 
 Louisiana, 
 
 AKKAXS.IS, 
 
 B7.62 
 8.37 
 8.48 
 8.72 
 9.38 
 9.64 
 9.68 
 9 84 
 10.03 
 10.49 
 11.18 
 11.71 
 11.76 
 12.23 
 12.72 
 12.76 
 13.03 
 13 06 
 
 Cereals, Potatoes, Tobacco and Hay in 18 States. 
 
 fAKIXG eighteen Western and Southern States together on a basis of 
 computation, it is found that the preponderance of value lies in the 
 three extreme States of the Southwest, the maximum of value being in Ar- 
 kansas, Louisiana and Texas following but little below. 
 
I Area of ^imberland 
 
 Ij. . 11^=111 iM«4, 
 
 IN SOUTHWESTERN AND GULF STATES. 
 
 ^^;#I^HE destruction of forests in the processes of settlement in the 
 ^1 West and Southwest, In many places excessive and wanton, in 
 
 (^3; connection with the large necessary consumption, has brought 
 up the apprehension of timber exhaustion. In the Northwest the apprehen- 
 sion is well grounded, and legislation has been invoked, and bounties offered, 
 to stop the drain and restore the wasting supply. The railroads which have 
 
 fgjgjgfgfgjgMgMgM^JMMM^Ml^M^JlMMlMlMaiMMgl^Mg 
 
 Diagram Showing the 
 
 COMPARATIVE AREA OF TIMBERLAND 
 
 In the Southwestern and Gulf States, in 1882. 
 
 Tennessee, 
 
 Louisiana, 
 
 Arkansas, 
 
 Florida, 
 
 Mississippi, 
 
 Alabama, 
 
 TEXAS, 
 
 IM l!l HI i;i I! 
 
 17,568,400 
 17,584,600 
 19,011,270 
 19,876,840 
 20,143,250 
 20,453,850 
 46,302,500 
 
 II 
 
 I'l II 
 
 III 
 
 lately reached the South and Southwest from the great trade and 
 supply centers have brought within market reach a wealth of 
 timber as excellent in quality as abundant in quantity. Among 
 these States, while most are well supplied, Texas leads, Arkansas 
 and Louisiana following, as the nreceding table will show. 
 29 
 
mnunt nf TimtiGr^ 
 
 — ^ Principal Lumbering States. 
 
 V' HE two illustrative diagrams, with the accompanying figures on the 
 I G) sul jcct, are unusually suggestive and interesting as bearing on the 
 lumber supply for future generations. 
 The facts given in the next four illustrations bear upon very material 
 and attractive points, and still further reveal the striking advantages pos- 
 sessed by the States of the Southwest. 
 
 DIAGRAM SHOWING THE 
 
 Number of Feet of Merchantable Timber 
 
 Standing in the Principal Lumbering States. 
 
 
 i ^ 
 
 rOAK'J FT. 
 
 STATE. 
 
 D -H- D ^ D 44- D j U.S. CcnPllS. j D ^ D -H- □ -K- G 
 
 Vermont, 
 
 N. Hampshire, 
 
 N. Carolina, 
 
 S. Carolina, 
 
 Maine, 
 
 Minnesota, 
 
 Pennsylvania, 
 
 Florida, 
 
 Georgia, 
 
 Alabama, 
 
 Mississippi, 
 
 California, 
 
 Michigan, 
 
 Wisconsin, 
 
 ARKANSAS. 
 
 Louisiana, 
 
 TEXAS, 
 
 i 
 
 755,000,00 
 
 1,510,000,000 
 
 5,229,000,000 
 
 5,3:6,000,000 
 
 5,475,000,000 
 
 6,100.000,000 
 
 6,CCO.0OO,C0O 
 
 6,615.000,000 
 
 16,778,000,000 
 
 21,192,000,000 
 
 23.975,000,000 
 
 25,825,000,000 
 
 35,000,000,000 
 
 41,000,000,000 
 
 41,S15.CO0,C0O 
 
 4S.2;3.000,0i;0 
 
 |- 
 
 1 
 
 .1 
 
 1 
 
 ^ - 1 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 67.^o^500.C00 1 
 
 First. The amount of unimproved land yet inviting to profitable and 
 pleasant homes the immigrants from the old world and the citizens of the 
 new, is much greater than that which has already been occupied, particu- 
 larly in the West and Southwest. 
 
 Second The number of persons engaged in agriculture is by far the 
 greatest in these regions. 
 
 Third. The amount of Avages paid farm labor is less than elsewhere. 
 
 Fourth. The average taxation on real and personal property for State, 
 County and Municipal purposes, is less than that imposed in the older com- 
 munities. 
 
 30 
 
I I 
 
 I I I I I I I I I I 
 
 DIAGRAM SHOWING THE 
 
 IMPROVED AND UNI^IPROYED LANDS IN FARMS 
 
 In the Western and Southwestern States. U. S. Census. 
 
 STATE. 
 
 Nevada, 
 
 Colorado, 
 
 Oregon, 
 
 Louisiana, 
 
 Nebraska, 
 
 Arkansas, 
 
 Minnesota, 
 
 Michigan, 
 
 Wisconsin, 
 
 California, 
 
 Indiana, 
 
 Tennessee. 
 
 Kansas, 
 
 Kentuckj-, 
 
 Ohio, 
 
 Iowa, 
 
 Missouri, 
 
 Illinois, 
 
 TEXAS, 
 
 IMPROVED. 
 
 UNIMPROVED. 
 
 TOTAL 
 ACRES. 
 
 530,862 
 1,165,373 
 4,214,712 
 8,273,506 
 9,944,826 
 12,061,547 
 13,403,019 
 13,807,240 
 15,353,118 
 16,593,742 
 20,420,983 
 20,666,915 
 21,417,468 
 21,495,240 
 24,529,226 
 24,752,700 
 27,879,276 
 31,673.645 
 36.292,219 
 
 □ n n □ □ n |n^'5<^^^x^ 
 
 Ss^i^^§^i5^^r^i:^•::^^^^^^^ □ □ a d d d 
 
 DIAGRAM SHOWING THE 
 
 NUMBER OF PERSONS ENGAGED IN AGRICULTURE 
 
 In the States and Territories West of the Mississippi River. 
 U. S. Census Report. 
 
 STATE. 
 
 NUMBER OF PERSONS. 
 
 Per Cent, of 
 T..tal of All 
 Occupntions. 
 
 Nevada, 
 
 Colorado, 
 
 Oregon, 
 
 California, 
 
 Territories 
 
 Nebraska, 
 
 Minnesota. 
 
 Kansas, 
 
 Arkansas, 
 
 Iowa, 
 
 Missouri, 
 
 TEXAS, 
 
 I 79,396 
 I 83,423 
 
 ^31,535^ 
 
 200,080 
 
 303,537 
 ~355^jr 
 
 oooooooo 
 
 OIOOOOIOO o 
 
DIAGEAM SHOWING THE 
 
 AVERAGE WAGES PAID FOR FARM LABOR 
 
 Per Month with Board, 
 In the Western and Southwestern States, in the year 1882. 
 
 STATE. 
 
 AKKANS.4S, 
 
 Missouri, 
 
 Texas, 
 
 Indiana, 
 
 Kansas, 
 
 Nebraska, 
 
 Ohio, 
 
 Illinois, 
 
 Michigan, 
 
 Minnesota, 
 
 Wisconsin, 
 
 Iowa, 
 
 California, 
 
 Oregon, 
 
 Colorado, 
 
 Report of Department of Agriculture. 
 
 i 
 
 l^olllilDlMiloi 
 
 $12.25 
 13.95 
 14.03 
 15.65 
 15.87 
 16 20 
 16.30 
 17.14 
 17.27 
 17.75 
 17.90 
 17.95 
 23,45 
 24.75 
 27.08 
 
 lll|0||||lD|!|-||0|||||D!||||0|NI|nl| 
 
 ^ 
 
 DIAGRAM SHOWING THE 
 
 (State, County, City, etc.) 
 
 On One Hundred Dollars, Real and Personal Property, in the 
 Western and Southwestern States. 
 
The Missouri Pacific Railway Company. 
 
 JAY GOULD, President, ... 
 
 R. S. HAYES, 1st Vice-President, 
 
 A. L. HOPKINS, 2d Vice-President, • 
 
 H. M. HOXIE, 3d Vice-President, 
 
 A. H. CALEF, Secretary and Treasurer, 
 
 D. S. H. SMITH, Local Treasurer, 
 
 JAMES F. HOW, Assistant Secretary, 
 
 JOHN C. BROWN, General Solicitor, - 
 
 C. G. WARNER, General Auditor, 
 F. TRUMBULL, Freight Auditor, 
 GEORGE OLDS, Freight Traffic Manager, 
 
 A. A. TALMAGE, Gen'l Transportation Manager, 
 
 D. BROCK, Master of Transportation, 
 J. J. ROGERS, General Freight Agent, 
 H. A. JOHNSON, Ass't Gen'l Freight Agent, 
 C. L. WELLINGTON, Ass't Gen'l Freight Agenr, 
 H. C. TOWNSEND, General Passenger Agent, 
 F. CHANDLER, General Ticket Agent, - 
 J. L. G. CHARLTON, Asst General Ticket Agent, 
 
 B. W. McCULLOUGH, Ass't Gen. P. and T. A., - 
 W. P. ANDREWS, General Baggage Agent, - 
 R. B. LYLE, Purchasing Agent, 
 L. D. VOAK, General Live Stock Agent, 
 Col. THOS. ESSEX, Land Commissioner, St. L., I. M. & S. R'y, 
 
 Little Rock, Ark. 
 W. H. ABRAMS, Land Commissioner, T. & P. R'y, Dallas. Tex. 
 
 H. B. McCLELLAN, Gen. Eastern Pass. Agent, 243 Broadway, N.Y. 
 F. E. SNOW. Commercial Agent, ■ - Detroit, Mich. 
 
 H. E. LAlNG, Gen. Agent Pass. Dept., 109 Clark St., Chicago, 111. 
 Is^. R. WARWICK, District Pass. Agent, 131 Vine St., Cincinnati, O. 
 S. H. THOMPSON, Central Pass.Agent, 411 Liberty St., Pittsburg, Pa. 
 
 F. A. PALMER, District Pass. Agent, 40 W_ Washington St., 
 
 Indianapolis, Ind. 
 
 G. N. CLAYTON, Northwestern Passenger Agent, Omaha, Neb. 
 H. N. GARLAND, Western Passenger Agent, Kansas City. Mo. 
 
 C. M. HAMPSON, Commercial Agent, - - - Denver, Col. 
 
 San Francisco, Cal. 
 
 New York City 
 
 St. 
 
 , Louis, 
 
 , Mo. 
 
 New York City. 
 
 St. 
 
 , Louis, 
 
 , Mo. 
 
 New 
 
 York Ci y 
 
 St. 
 
 Louis, 
 
 Mo 
 
 St. 
 
 Louis, 
 
 Mo. 
 
 St. 
 
 Louis, 
 
 Mo. 
 
 St. 
 
 Louis. 
 
 Mo. 
 
 St. 
 
 Louis 
 
 Mo. 
 
 St. 
 
 Louis 
 
 Mo. 
 
 St. 
 
 Louis 
 
 Mo. 
 
 St. 
 
 Louis. 
 
 Mo. 
 
 St. 
 
 Louis, 
 
 Mo. 
 
 St. 
 
 Louis. 
 
 Mo. 
 
 Chicago 
 
 , HI. 
 
 St. 
 
 Louis, 
 
 Mo. 
 
 St. 
 
 Louis, 
 
 Mo. 
 
 St. 
 
 Lruis, 
 
 Mo 
 
 Marshall, 
 
 Tex. 
 
 St. 
 
 Louis, 
 
 Mo. 
 
 St. 
 
 Louis, 
 
 Mo. 
 
 St. 
 
 Louis, 
 
 Mo. 
 
 H. B. SMITH, Jr., Pacific Coast Agent, 
 
 H. M. HOXIE, 
 
 3d ViCE-Pr.ESIDEXT. 
 
 GEORGE OLDS, 
 
 Fkkigut Tkaffic Manager. 
 
 H. C. TOWNSEND, F. CHANDLER, 
 
 Gen'l Passenger Agent. General Ticket Agent. 
 
 ST. LOUIS, MO, 
 
f