Pass F £4iL Bonk . R 5L2. v^^v HANDY GUIDE TO CHICAGO AND THE WORLD'S COLUMBIAN EXPOSITION. MASONIC TEMPLE, CORNER OF RANDOLPH AND STATE STREETS* Rand, McNally & Co:s HANDY Guide to Chicago World's Columbian Exposition. I LLUSTR ATE D What to See and How to See It. chicago and new york: Rand, McNally & Company, Publishers. 1892. 1492—1892 ffibz Ration* of tJje (*£c*rtlj ^-^ will aeatrctj- the pJotrlo'* Columbian (Bxpo&ition in tmtn for anything tnove C0tt&\xcivB to gjeoltJ? ono $appinz#& tljan \ho&z Celebrated Products Finest American Met Ssaps and Perfarrjes Unrivaled Lxaundi^y Soaps i^ui^e glycerine PS. S. YiWl % 60. Copyright, 1892, by Rand, McNally & Co. TABLE OF CONTENTS. CHAPTER PAGE 1. General Facts as to Chicago, n 2. The Arrival in Chicago, - - - - - 31 3. Getting About the City, 46 4. Theaters, the Opera, and Other Amusements, - - 57 5. Racing, and Other Athletic Sports, ... 64 6- Suggestions as to Shopping, - - 68 7. The City's Parks, Squares, and Boulevards, - - 73 8. A Tour of the City, - - 83 9. The Lake, River, and Harbor, ... - iol 10. A Ramble at Night, ------- 104 11. Churches and Religious Work in Chicago, - - 112 12. Educational Institutions, - - - - - - 119 13. Art and Architecture, Monuments, etc., - - - 127 14. Clubs and Societies, 133 15. Military Affairs, ------- 140 16. Hospitals, Dispensaries, and Nurses, - 141 17. Chicago's Charities and Benevolent Institutions, - 149 18. The Markets of the City (Stock Yards, etc.), - - 155 19. World's Columbian Expos.tion, - - - - 163 20. Index, -.-.... 217 (5) THE GUDDEN & JOY VARNISH CO Cleveland, Ohio A BRANCHES: BALTIMORE, BOSTON, CHICAGO, KANSAS CITY, ST. LOUIS, NEW YORK. SURFACENE CHICAGO BRANCH: 278 E. Madison Street. LIST OF THE PRINCIPAL ILLUS- TRATIONS. Woman's Temple, ------ 3 A Typical Chicago Residence, . ... 14 Map of the Burned District, - - - 19 City Hall, ------ 23 Grand Central Depot, - - - - 30 Van Buren Street Depot, 36 The Granada Hotel, - - - - - 39 The Cambridge Apartment and Hotel Building, - 44 Postoffice, - - - - - - -53 McVicker's Theater, ----- 59 Herald Building, - - - - - - 70 Lake Shore Drive, - - - - - 75 Pullman Building, - - - - - 82 Ashland Block, ------ 100 College of Physicians and Surgeons, - - - 118 Lake Forest University Buildings, - 124 Calumet Club House, - 134 The Masonic Temple, - - - - 137 Union Stock Yards, - - - - - 156 Board of Trade Building, - - - 159 World's *Fair Buildings, - 165-216 (7) POPULAR MUSIC FREE . . Send us fifty of any of our wrappers, or ten of Forbidden Fruit, and we will mail you a 40 cent sheet of very popular music. WE MANUFACTURE ONLY CHOICE CHEWING GUM AND USE PURE FLAVORS FORBIDDEN FRUIT ZENO PEPPERMINT BLOOD ORANGE SILHOUETTE PERSIAN FRUIT FLORIDA FRUIT YUCCA PEPSIN ZENO MANUFACTURING CO. 161 and 163 West Van Buren Street, CHICAGO, ILL. The Handsomest and Healthiest Wall Finish Made For Sale by all First-Class Jobbers and Dealers ' jgm&rRubber Paint Co. ^r> 36 and 38 Boston Ave., Chicago, 111. Manufacturers of the FAMOUS RUBBER PAINT Zinc Primers, Vessel and Steamboat Paints, Bridge and Buggy Paint, Kalsomine, Stains, Brushes, Barrel Paint, Painters' Materials, etc. Headquarters for CARTER STRICTLY PURE WHITE LEAD INTRODUCTION. In view of the fact that it has been necessary to mention in the following pages the names of many men and places of busi- ness — stores, theaters, hotels, restaurants, etc. — coupled with the fact that "guide books," unfortunately so-called, are often pre- pared primarily in the interest of certain advertising patrons, and hence are both partial and untrustworthy, the makers of the pres- ent book feel called upon to say distinctly, that in no single case has any remuneration, direct or indirect, influenced them in any- thing herein written or omitted to be written. t True it is, as in the days of the Preacher, that " of making many books (of Chicago) there is no end," but in the legion of local literature it is hoped that there is more than a vacant corner for a modern, accurate, and reliable Handy Guide, which, while avoiding the Scylla of shallow cheapness and superficiality, shall yet steer clear of the Charybdis of extravagant cost. With this hope, this modern, and, it is believed, fairly complete, volume is sent forth to sue for the favor of the many thousands visiting the World's Fair City. S. C. W. June, 1892. <») GAGE-DOWNS CO. 264 to 270 Fifth Avenue Manufacturers of the Renowned . . IN WHITE, DRAB AND BLACK THE MOST POPULAR PRICES These goods are in every way equal to the best imported corsets. The G.-D. Chicago Waist is, beyond doubt, superior to any corset waist on the market. The Leading Retailers have them for Sale. I. GENERAL FACTS AS TO THE CITY OF CHICAGO. Chicago, "The Phoenix City of the West," "The Garden City," "The Windy City" — for all these titles are hers — is situated on the southwest shore of Lake Michigan, in latitude 41 , 53', 6.2" N., and longi- tude 87°, 38', 1.2" W.— being 854 miles distant from ^Baltimore, Md., the nearest point on the Atlantic Coast line, 911 miles from New York, and 2,417 miles from the Pacific Ocean. The City of Chicago, incor- porated March 4, 1837, comprised "the district of country in the County of Cook, etc., known as the east $ of the southwest i of section 33, township 40 north, range 14 east, also the east i of sections 6, 7, 18, and 19, all of fractional section 3, and of sec- tions 4, 5, 8, 9 and fractional section 10 (except the southwest fractional £ thereof, occupied as a military post, until the same shall become private property), fractional section 15, sections 16, 17, 20, 21, and fractional section 22, township 39 north, range 14 east." Since then there have been twelve extensions to the city limits. The city of to-day has a lake frontage of about twenty miles, inclusive of the parks at either extremity of the city; this, with a river frontage of forty-one miles, affording fine harbors. Its mean elevation is twenty-five feet above Lake Michigan and 582 (11) 12 HANDY GUIDE TO CHICAGO. feet above mean sea level. But sixty years old, and yet second city of the United States in point of population, and seventh in the same respect in the entire world, the Wonder City of the World has become the cynosure of the entire universe, especially, in view of the vast World's Columbian Exposition of 1893, that eighth and greatest wonder of the world, as it has well been called. With becoming dignity the World's Fair City will greet her visitors; to none will she yield the palm for hotel accommodation and excellence; her railway facilities are beyond cavil; she is the railway center of the entire Republic; while her verdant parks and magnificent boulevards, when they earn for her the title of "Garden City, " provoked (on a sight of the Michigan Avenue Boulevard) even that laughing philosopher, Max O'Rell (himself no mean traveler), to declare that it was " the finest street in the world." A forest of lofty buildings, a seething hive of human industry, such is Chicago of the present day; risen rejuvenate from a holocaust more severe than that which an historian of old tragically described in tersely saying, " Between a great city and none, but a single night intervened." To the tourist and traveler she has much to exhibit in addition to the greatest Exposition ever seen; the purpose of the following pages being to summarize the material, and shortly to indicate the most noteworthy sights, separating wheat from chaff, and so presenting a resume of the city and its surroundings in an accu- rate and easily accessible manner. The Origin and Meaning of the Word Chicago. — An erudite and painstaking correspondent of the Chicago Tribune traces the word as the locative case of a Cree Indian word mean- ing, primarily, " at the place of the skunk "; derivatively, equaling strong, mighty, and great; and particularly, applied by the Indians to the present city, on the drowning, at some remote period, of an Indian chief of that name in the mouth of the present Chicago River. Well named the strong or mighty, as her history shows. Location. — The World's Fair City stands upon a site orig- inally one of the most unpromising to be found anywhere. A broad swamp, threaded by sluggish bayous, rank with skunk cabbage, wild garlic, and other unsavory weeds, certainly could GENERAL FACTS AS TO CHICAGO. 13 have given but slight ground for predicting a future city. More- over, it is claimed by those whose opinion is entitled to respect, that it was only through a sheer error that the city which should have grown up about the mouth of the St. Joseph, or the Calumet, came to be located around here, on the western side of the lake; and that the land which the Government actually bought for its fort at the mouth of the Chekagou River was a very fair section in Indiana, and not the swamp which was inadvertently taken. In early days the stream now known as the Chicago River reached back into the prairie within a very short distance of the Des Plaines (with which it has since been united), leaving only a short portage to be made in a journey from the far Eastern lakes to the mouth of the Mississippi. But even the early residents of the place never dreamed that Chicago would attain commercial prominence, and the time is still within memory when the inhab- itants feared the ruin of their town by canals and railways. To- day, however, it is the center of a full third of the railway mileage of the United States, and the most rapidly prospering city on the continent. From the lake, at Water Street, the Chicago River extends west about a half a mile to Canal Street, where it divides into two branches, one extending in a northwesterly direction through that portion of the city, and the other southward, for about a mile and a half, to Fourteenth Street, where it makes a sweep to the west- ward as far as Bridgeport, among the lumber yards. Here it again divides into two unimportant secondary branches (reaching one west and one south), and empties itself into the Illinois and Michigan Canal, through which it is united with the Des Plaines River. Thus, the main stem of the Chicago River divides the eastern portion of the city into two parts, one of which is known in com- mon parlance as the " South Side," and the other as the " North Side." These two branches, again, separate the North and South sides from the "West Side," all that portion of the city lying west of these branches being known by this title. Communica- tion between the different portions is kept up by means of fifty- three swing bridges, situated at the more important street cross- ings, and these are further supplemented by three tunnels, one (14) GENERAL FACTS AS TO CHICAGO. 15 connecting the South with the West Side, at Washington Street; the second forming a similar link between the North and South sides, at La Salle Street; and the third is located at Van Buren Street, and is nearly completed. History, Population, Climate, and Statistics. —The earliest mention of Chicago is to be found in the writings of the Jesuit, Charlevoix, who records the arrival of a fur trader and interpreter, Nicholas Perrot, in 1671, at the lower end of the "Lac des Illinois" (Lake Michigan), "where the Miami Indians are." Subsequently the site of Chicago was pressed by the adventur- ous feet of Marquette, Joliet, and La Salle, in those pioneer and perilous wanderings which were, indeed, prophetic precursors of the vast tide of white immigration. The first non-autochthonal settler was one Baptiste Point de Saible, a handsome and well-edu- cated negro, wealthy, and a fur trader. His successor was a Frenchman named Le Mai, who, in the early part of 1804, trans- ferred and sold his log cabin to John Kinzie, to whom belongs the title, " Father of Chicago." The limits of the present Handy Guide are too confined to permit of any disquisition upon the subsequent early history of the settlement. Upon such matters the literary seeker may well consult the numerous volumes relative to Chicago on the shelves of the Public and Newberry libraries. Books on Chicago. — Useful information may be culled from : "The History of Chicago," 3 vols., 1670-1884, by A. T. Andreas, 1884. "Chicago Antiquities," by H. H. Hurlbut, 1881. " History of Chicago from 1833-1892," by Charles Cleaver, 1892. "The Story of Chicago," Major Joseph Kirkland, 1892. "Wau-bun; the Early Days of the Northwest," by Mrs. J. H. Kinzie. Sufficient for the purposes of the present may be the follow- irg: Historical Summary.— In 1801, a swamp; in 181 1, a small military post, soon to be abandoned, and to be the scene of a ter- rible Indian massacre; in 1821, again an insignificant military 16 HANDY GUIDE TO CHICAGO. station; in 1831, a village of twelve houses, without mail routes, post roads, or postoffice; in 1841, an incorporated city, with 5,752 inhabitants, and an export trade amounting to $328,635; in 1851, rapidly assuming commercial importance; on the eve of possess- ing railway communication with New York; its grain shipments increased to 4,646,831 bushels; its population numbering 34,437; in 1861, its grain, pork, and lumber interests all enormously devel- oped, its population almost quadrupled, and its shipments of breadstuff s increased ten fold within a single decade; in 1871, rich, proud, at.d magnificent, bidding fair to outstrip the most famous commercial ciues of either the old or new world; but sud- denly, on that memorable October night, almost swept out of existence, only to rise triumphantly from its ashes in more than its former splendor, a monument of indomitable spirit and energy; in 1892, the greatest railroad center, live-stock market, and primary grain port in the world; the scene of the ceaseless activities of over a million and a quarter of eager, restless toilers, attracted by its fame from far and near, and to-day still advancing, with rapid strides, in everything that distinguishes a great metropolitan city. Such, in brief, is the history of Chicago, the Garden City, the Phcenix City, of America, the capital of the wealth-producing West. The growth of Chicago has, throughout, been coincident with the development and prosperity of the Western States and Terri- tories; of Illinois and Iowa especially it may be said to have grown with their growth and strengthened with their strength. Young as is Chicago, it was not until after its incorporation as a city that what is now the great State of Iowa received even a ter- ritorial organization; while it was only in 1818 that Illinois, now leading all the other States in cereal productions and mileage of railroads, and even ranking fourth in manufactures, was admitted into the Union, with a population of about 30,000, mainly settled in the southern part of the State. The Fort Dearborn Massacre occurred August 15, 18 12, at a spot near Eighteenth Street and Indiana Avenue, which is pro- posed to be marked by an appropriate monument, shortly to be erected by Mr. G. M. Pullman. Capt. Wells, several other officers and their wives, some Scale 220 Yards to one Inch. By MAP OF THE MOUTH OF THE CHICAGO RIVER, With Plan of Proposed Piers for Improving the Harbor. Wm. Howard, United States Civil Engineer. February 24, 1830. (17) 18 HANDY GUIDE TO CHICAGO. seventy regular soldiers, twelve militia, with women and children, making a party of about one hundred all told, were attacked and nearly all butchered by the bloodthirsty and treacherous savages. Near the south end of the Rush Street bridge, on the warehouse of the W. M. Hoyt Company, a marble slab commemorates the location and history of the old military post. The Great Fire of 1871.— The destructive fire of 1871 originated on Sunday night, October 8th, near the corner of Jefferson and DeKoven streets, where Mrs. O'Learys fractious cow is said to have kicked over a kerosene lamp, setting fire to the contents of the shed. At that time, a strong gale was blowing from the southwest, which soon fanned an insignificant blaze into a sea of flame, and whirled the firebrands on their errands of destruction far in advance of the general conflagration. From Jefferson Street to the river the fire speedily advanced. The many little frame shanties, inhabited mostly by the foreign element, gave it fuel and strength for its attack upon the more substantial buildings. The fire department worked heroically, but with no avail, the men commencing their task in a state of exhaustion, worn out by attendance at smaller fires of the day before. At midnight the west bank of the river was one complete mass of fire. Soon afterward the flames leaped the river, first at Van Buren Street, and subsequently at many other places. The South Side was doomed. All hope of controlling the conflagration was now abandoned. Water seemed only to increase the heat. Nothing but lack of fuel could stop its fearful career. Men watched the destruction of their property, unable to do the least for its pro- tection. Within three hours the flames had traversed the heart of the city, burning from the south branch of the river to the lake, and had leaped the river to the North Side. Buildings blown up on Congress Street prevented the further progress of the fire toward the south. On the North Side, however, nothing could arrest the advancing flames. Lying in a favorable direction for the wind- driven fire, nothing but entire destruction could be expected. The Waterworks were first assailed, cutting off the last ray of hope in that direction; the business houses next suffered, and then the dwelling houses. From the river to Fullerton Avenue, beyond Lincoln Park, and from the lake almost to Halsted Street, every- MAP OF BURNED DISTRICT. (19) 20 HANDY GUIDE TO CHICAGO. thing was destroyed, with the single exception of the frame resi- dence of Mr. Mahlon Ogden, which, secluded among the trees of its extensive grounds, was left uninjured. (This house stood until recently, when it was destroyed for the site of the Newberry Library.) Within twenty-four hours nearly 3-$- square miles of the densely populated city of Chicago had been swept away. The large wholesale and commission houses, which had attracted the trade of the entire Northwest, the depots and rolling stock of the vari- ous railroads, the docks and shipping, everything which helped to make Chicago the great commercial center of the West, lay in ashes. The court house, postofhce, chamber of commerce, and many substantial hotels and other buildings, all had yielded to the destroyer. Brick buildings, stone buildings, buildings that were considered fire-proof, succumbed to the intensity of the heat. Nearly eighteen thousand buildings were destroyed, the entire loss being estimated at no less than $190,000,000, of which only $44,000,000 was covered by insurance. The homes of 98,500 persons were consumed; many previously well-to-do residents lost everything they possessed, and were rendered entirely dependent either upon their more fortunate friends or upon the contributions which poured in from almost every part of the world for the relief of the sufferers. It is estimated that 200 persons lost their lives in the conflagration. To add to the terror of the scene, the crim- inal classes became extremely active, until Gen. Phil. H. Sheridan, U. S. A. , ordered some eight companies of United States regulars to the city to act as police, on the request of the Mayor. Before the embers had died out, work was begun, by the removal of the debris, in preparing the way for the magnificent buildings which now hide from view all traces of the memorable fire of 1871. Terrible as the calamity was, it brought some blessings in its train. The day of the wooden "shanty " was doomed, the palace pile of magnificent architecture rapidly began to replace it, and in so doing to make Chicago celebrated throughout the land. An exact representation of the conflagration when at its height is to be found in the Cyclorama of the Chicago Fire, located on Michigan Avenue near Madison Street, where a most readable and graphic description, by a celebrated Chicago preacher, Rev. David GENERAL FACTS AS TO CHICAGO. 21 Swing, is to be had; that gentleman having been an eye witness of the terrible calamity. The Area of the City is 18 1.5 square miles. It is 24 miles long and 10 miles wide. The popular vote in 1888 was: Harrison, 59,914; Cleveland, 63,561. Climate, Population, etc. — The observations of the Weather Bureau, January 1, 1891, to December 1, 1891, show the mean barometric pressure during that period to have been 29.26 inches (corrected for temperature, but not reduced to sea level); the mean annual temperature, 48.70; the mean annual precipitation, 35.55 inches; and the mean annual humidity of the air, 72 — 100 repre- senting complete saturation. The maximum annual precipitation was 45.86 inches, in 1883; the minimum, 26.77 inches, in 1886. The highest mean annual temperature was that of 1878, 51. 9 ; the lowest that of 1875, 45. 41 . The climate is healthful and invigorating, although the winters are cold and the temperature in summer is liable to great and sudden changes; but an exceptionally well managed health depart- ment succeeds in keeping public health very high. The death rate of 20.25 per 1,000 population (May, 1892) is among the lowest for any city the size of Chicago on the globe. This is a remarkable fact when the unsanitary site, the rapid growth, and the crowded condition of some of its districts, tenanted by foreigners, are considered. It is also to be remembered that the United States census of 1880 gives 15 per cent, more children under five years of age than any other city of 200,000 population in America. The death rates of the larger cities in May, 1892, were as follows: New York, - - 25.73 P er 1,000, per annum. Boston, - - 23.70 " " " " Philadelphia, - - 22.21 " " " " Brooklyn, - - 20.55 " " " " The population of Chicago, according to the census of 1890, was 1,099,850, the estimated population January 1, 1892, is 1,375 335. and by the school census of 1892 it amounted to 1,428,318. Outside of London it is doubtful if any city in the world can show as large and as varied population as the city of Chicago. 22 HANDY GUIDE TO CHICAGO. Nationalities Comprising the Population of the City of Chicago: American 292,463 German 3 8 4,958 Irish 215,534 Bohemian 54,209 Polish 52,756 Swedish 45,877 Norwegian 44> DI 5 English 33,785 French 12,963 Scotch n,9 2 7 Welsh 2,966 Russian 9-977 Danes 9, 891 Italians 9, 921 Hollanders 4,912 Hungarians 4,827 Swiss 2,735 Roumanians 4,35© Canadians 6,989 Belgians 682 Greeks 698 Spanish 297 Portuguese 34 East Indians 28 West Indians 37 Sandwich Islanders. . . 31 Mongolians 1,217 1,208,669 The negroes are said to number 13,000. Court House and City Hall. The Municipality of Chicago is housed in a magnificent twin building, the largest and most imposing of the public edi- fices of Chicago, one of the finest structures devoted to county and municipal purposes in the world. It occupies an entire square, bounded east and west by Clark and La Salle streets, and north and south by Randolph and Washington streets. In style a free treatment of the French Renaissance, it is built of upper silurian limestone, quarried mainly along the Des Plaines River, in this State, and adorned with massive columns of the finest granite. The length of each of the two fa9ades is 340 feet, the width of the entire building 280 feet, and its height from the ground line 124 feet. The eastern half, fronting on Clark Street, is occupied by the various officials of Cook County, who are located in spacious and elegant apartments; the rooms devoted to the administration of justice being models of court-room convenience. The interiors of the two buildings differ somewhat in arrange- ment, the City Hall being finished in white oak and much color- ing, while the interior of the County Building is plain but rich. The notable apartments are the Council Chamber and the Public Library, on the fourth floor. Elevators are situated at both ends of the main corridor, and in the rotunda. The entrances to the 24 HANDY GUIDE TO CHICAGO. City Building are on La Salle, Randolph, and Washington streets; those of the County Building, on Clark, Randolph, and Washing ton streets. The twin buildings cost, completed, $4,400,000. The Public Library occupies the top floor of the City Building. The city is divided by the Chicago River and its branches into three sections, known as the North, South, and West divisions, or, more properly, sides. These are connected by fifty-three swing bridges and three tunnels, the latter at Van Buren, Wash- ington, and La Salle streets. In 1892 there were 2,335 miles of streets, with a total area of 17,880 acres, and seventy-five miles of drives, within the city limits. The Municipal Government of Chicago, like that of most American cities, consists of a Mayor and Common Council; with Departments of Health, Law, Police, Fire, Education, Public Works, Building, and Finance, and the City Clerk's, Treasurer's and Collector's departments. The Mayor, City Clerk, Treasurer, Attorney, and Aldermen are elected by the people for a term of two years, the other offi- cers and employes being appointed by the Mayor, or by the heads of the various departments. The Mayor's power is supervisory over the various depart- ments, controlling the police, and with a right of veto of any ordi- nance passed by the Council. The Mayor's salary is $7,000 per annum. The Common Council, or Board of Aldermen, meet every Monday evening, and is composed of sixty-eight Aldermen, two from each of the thirty-four wards into which the city is divided. The Mayor is ex officio the presiding officer of the Common Council, in his absence an Alderman being chosen to fill his place. To pass an ordinance over the Mayor's veto requires a two- thirds majority of the Council. The city officers and departments have their offices in the City Hall, La Salle Street, between Washington and Randolph. Financial. — The bonded debt of the city amounts to $13,545,- 400, bearing interest at 3^ to 7 per cent. The total annual interest paid on present bonded debt last year was $825,350.40. The bonded debt has been increased by the issuance of 4 per cent, bonds — $5.000,000 — as authorized by the State Legislature for expenses of the World's Fair, which will make the city debt a little more than $18,500,000. This is a much smaller debt than any other city of a similar size. GENERAL FACTS AS TO CHICAGO. 25 Courts, Prisons, and the Bar. COURTS. The Higher Courts.— The United States Court of Claims, Circuit, and District courts sit in the Postofhce Building. The Appellate Court of the First District of Illinois sits in room 411, Chicago Opera House Building. The Circuit, Superior, Probate^ and County courts of Cook County hold session in the County Building. The Criminal Court of Cook County is to be found in the Criminal Court Building, Michigan Street and Dearborn Avenue. The Police Courts of Chicago are as follows: First District, Harrison Street Station. Second District, Maxwell Street Station. Third District, Desplaines Street Station. Fourth District, West Chicago Avenue Station. Fifth District, Chicago Avenue Station. Sixth District, Thirty fifth Street Station. Seventh District, Lake Avenue Station. Eighth District, Stock Yards Station. Ninth District, Englewood Station. Tenth District, Sheffield Avenue Station. PRISONS. The Criminal Court and Jail is located on Dearborn Ave- nue, Michigan, and Illinois streets. The jail contains 300 cells. It may be visited at the same time as the North Side Water Works and Lincoln Park. Visiting days, Tuesday and Friday. The Bridewell, or House of Correction, is located at South California Avenue, near West Twenty-third Street, and is reached by Blue Island Avenue cars. The building cost {$1,500,- 000, and is far from noteworthy or satisfactory. Of late years it has been much overcrowded ; so much so as to hasten the con- struction of the wing lately completed. The States Prison, or Penitentiary, for the detention of criminals sentenced, for more serious offenses, to longer terms of imprisonment, is situated at Joliet, forty miles distant from the city, and is reached by the Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific Rail- way. Depot, Van Buren and Sherman streets. Round trip, $1. Prisoners awaiting trial before justices for petty offenses are confined at the various police courts or stations. 26 HANDY GUIDE TO CHICAGO. The Police Force consists of 2,306 men, a much smaller number in proportion to the population and the amount of crime than is usually considered necessary. The force is under the com- mand of a general superintendent. The numerical weakness of the force is to some extent made up for by the use of the tele- graph and the patrol wagon. There were 70,550 arrests made in 1891, and fines aggregating $464,850 were imposed. Two officers were killed and sixty-two wounded in the execution of their duty. Patrol Service. — There are thirty-five police stations, includ- ing the Central Detail at the City Hall, and the officers patrolling streets have frequently to report to their respective stations by means of telephones placed in the 675 patrol boxes, being able to summon a patrol wagon, ambulance, or fire engines by the same method. There are thirty-nine patrol wagons and 1 79 horses in the service. The Police Headquarters and the Detective Bureau are sit- uated on the first floor and in the basement of the City Hall. Number of detectives, about fifty. The Central Detail are picked men, averaging six feet in height, and do day patrol duty at bridges, crossings, and depots in the heart of the city. The Health Department is under the charge of a Commis- sioner of Health, and has offices in the basement of the City Hall having a large corps of inspectors employed. The Fire Department and Insurance. The Fire Department, with headquarters in the basement of the City Hall, possesses seventy-two steam fire engines, twenty- two chemical engines, twenty-eight hook and ladder trucks, two river fire boats, one stand-pipe and water-tower, and 421 horses, with a staff of 970 men. By the fire alarm telegraph system, established at a cost of nearly a million of dollars, an alarm can be instantaneously flashed to the nearest station from any part of the city. Strangers can not remain long in the city without hav- ing an opportunity of judging of the efficiency of the Fire Depart- ment, there being, on an average, three fires a day. With such alacrity are the alarms responded to, that the loss occasioned by the actual fires of 1 89 1 is remarkably slight in comparison with GENERAL FACTS AS TO CHICAGO. 27 the experience of other cities. It has an adjunct of considerable importance in the Fire Insurance Patrol, established in 187 1 by the underwriters of the city, and an organization admirably equipped and highly efficient. The Crib, two miles off shore, in Lake Michigan. Drainage, Water, and Lights. Drainage. — Chicago deriving its water supply from Lake Michigan, the disposal of the drainage of the city was a serious and perplexing problem until, by a triumph of engineering skill, . 28 HANDY GUIDE TO CHICAGO. the current of the Chicago River was reversed, and the stream made to run out of Lake Michigan into the Illinois and Michigan Canal, and thence through the Illinois River to the Mississippi. The drainage system is very thorough. There are over 888 miles of sewer, with more than 30,468 catch basins and 33,726 man- hole openings. Engineers are always busy with plans for improv- ing the sewerage. The Water Supply. — Foremost among the public works of Chicago is the costly and unique contrivance by which it draws its supply of water from the lake. Two miles from the shore there is fixed a very substantial structure, known, for the want of a better name, as the " Crib," within which is an iron cylinder, nine feet in diameter, going down thirty one feet below the bottom of the lake and connecting with two distinct tunnels, leading to separate pumping works on shore. The first tunnel constructed, communicating with the pumping works at the foot of Chicago Avenue, is five feet in diameter; this was commenced March 17, 1864, and finished March 25, 1867, costing $457,844.95. The second tunnel, conveying water to the West Side Works, at the corner of Blue Island Avenue and Twenty-second Street, is seven feet in diameter and six miles in length. At the shore end of each tunnel the water is forced by enormous engines through the city. The total outlay for the entire system was about $17,000,000. There are over 1,346 miles of main and distributing pipes, and the daily capacity of all the plants is 250,000,000 gallons. The North Side Works may be visited at the same time as Lincoln Park and the Lake Shore Drive. (See Parks and Boule- vards'.) The tower (175 feet) affords one of the finest views of the city and harbor. Its ascent is safe and easy. The key can be obtained from the engineer. The West Side Works are in the lumber district. They may be reached by the Blue Island Avenue cars from Madison Street. In 1887 a contract was entered into for the construction of a new tunnel from the foot of Peck Court, to be eight feet in diameter, and to extend 21,441 feet (four miles) out into the lake, connecting there in forty-five feet of water with a new crib. Work was begun June II, 1888. The crib is in position, being two miles beyond a disused crib, and the tunnel completed. It GENERAL FACTS AS TO CHICAGO. 29 bids fair to be in active use well before the commencement of 1893. The boring was completed June 22, 1892. The capacity of the new tunnel is 130,000,000 gallons daily. Steamers and sailing yachts ply to the crib and breakwater, in the summer months (round trip 25 cents), from the Lake Front at the foot of Van Buren Street. Illumination. — The city now lights 2,235 miles of streets, mainly with gas, for which there are over 37,000 lamps; but also by 1,092 electric arc lamps, the wires for which are principally carried in the subways, a system of iron tubes laid underneath the pavements of the principal streets. II. THE ARRIVAL IN CHICAGO. Advice to Inexperienced Travelers. An arrival in Chicago, or any other large city, alone and for the first time, is an ordeal to which many persons look forward with justifiable dread. What shall they do first — whither shall they go — what arrangements are to be made regarding baggage — how shall they find the proper way — how escape mischievous mis- leading of some sort and unnecessary expenses? These ques- tions occur to many inexperienced travelers; and it is the purpose of this chapter to answer them, as to Chicago, as explicitly as possible. * The vast city has many entrances. Indeed, as has been remarked, a passenger may enter Chicago in a luxuriously fur- nished sleeping car, and, without leaving it, reach one of the prin- cipal seaboard cities of the United States, as well as railway lines leading into Canada on the north and Mexico on the south. It is estimated that fully 175,000 people arrive and depart each day. Several regular lines of steamships serve to convey passengers from lake ports, and, especially in summer time, when the water route is very pleasant traveling, are well patronized. Railroad Depots. — Chicago is the center of 76,865 miles of railroad. Seven terminal depots accommodate the trains of thirty- five different companies, and about 100 way-stations within the city limits provide for the convenience of local passengers. The Union Depot, Canal Street, used by the Pittsburg, Fort Wayne & Chicago, the Chicago, Burlington & Quincy, Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul, and other railroads; the depot of the Mich- igan Southern and Rock Island roads, Van Buren Street; that of (31) 32 HANDY GUIDE TO CHICAGO. the Chicago & North-Western, Wells and Kinzie streets; Dearborn Station, Dearborn and Polk streets, and the Grand Central Depot, are among the most prominent buildings in the city. The first named is one of the largest and finest railroad depots in the world. Fronting on Canal Street, and extending from West Madison Street to West Adams Street, a distance of 1,200 feet, it occupies four entire blocks. Alighting under cover, pas- sengers enter the lofty, commodious, and richly decorated ticket office, from which they pass either to the platforms or to any of the waiting rooms, retiring-rooms, or restaurants, with which this model depot is provided. Union Depot, Canal and Adams Streets, used by the P., Ft. W. & C; C, B. & Q.i C, M. & St. P., and C. & A. The following list of railways, depots, and ticket offices will be found useful: Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe.— Depot, Polk Street and Third Avenue. Central ticket office, 212 Clark Street. Baltimore & Ohio.— Grand Central Depot, Fifth Avenue and Harrison Street, City ticket office, 193 Clark Street. THE ARRIVAL IN CHICAGO. 33 Chicago & Erie.— Depot, Polk Street and Third Avenue. General offices, Phenix Building, cor. Clark and Jackson streets. City ticket office, 242 Clark Street. Chicago & Alton. — Union Depot, Canal and Adar.s Greets, West Side. General offices, Monadnock Building, cor. Jackson and Dearborn streets. City ticket office, 195 Clark Street. Chicago & Eastern Illinois.— Depot, Polk Street and Third Avenue. General offices, First National Bank Building, cor. Dear- born and Monroe streets. City ticket office, 204 Clark Street. Erie; C. & E. h Avenue and Polk Street, used by C. & G. T.; Chi. & A. & C.J A., T. & S. F., and W., St. L. & P. Rys. Chicago & Grand Trunk.— Depot, Polk Street and Third Avenue. General office, Monadnock Building, cor. Jackson and Dearborn streets. Central ticket office, 103 Clark Street. Chicago & Northern Pacific— Grand Central Depot, Fifth Avenue and Harrison Street. General offices at Grand Central 1 Depot, Harrison Street and Fifth Avenue, C 34 HANDY GUIDE TO CHICAGO. Chicago & North-Western. — Depot, Wells and Kinzie streets, North Sidt. General offices, N. W. cor. Fifth Avenue and Lake Street. Central ticket office, 206-208 South Clark Street. Chicago, Burlington & Quincy. — Union Depot, Canal and Adams streets, West Side. City ticket office, 211 Clark Street, Quincy Building. Cleveland, Cincinnati, Chicago & St. Louis ("The Big 4"). — Illinois Central Depot, foot of Lake and Randolph streets. Central ticket office, 234 Clark Street. C. & N.-W. Ry. Depot, cor. Wells and Kinzie Streets. Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul. — Union Depot, Canal and Adams streets, West Side. Central ticket office, 207-209 Clark Street. General offices, Rand-McNally Building, cor. Adams and La Salle streets. Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific. — Depot, Van Buren and Sherman streets. General office, Van Buren Street Station. Central ticket office, S. W. cor. Clark and Washington streets. Chicago, St. Louis & Pittsburg. — Union Depot, Canal and Adams streets. Chicago Great Western. — Grand Central Depot, Harrison Street and Fifth Avenue. General offices, Phenix Building, Jack- son Street and Pacific Avenue. City ticket office, 188 Clark Street. Illinois Central. — Depot, foot of Lake and Randolph streets. THE ARRIVAL IN CHICAGO. 35 General offices, 78 Michigan Avenue, near passenger depot. Cen- tral ticket office, 194 Clark Street. Lake Shore & Michigan Southern. — Depot, Van Buren and Sherman streets. Chicago general office, Van Buren Street Station. Central ticket office, 66 Clark Street. Louisville, New Albany & Chicago (" Monon Route"). — Depot, Polk Street and Third Avenue. General offices, Monon Block, 320 Dearborn Street. City office, 73 Clark Street. Michigan Central. — Depot, foot of Lake and Randolph streets. General office, Monadnock Building, cor. Jackson and Dearborn streets. City ticket office, 67 Clark Street, S. E. cor. Randolph. Milwaukee, Lake Shore & Western. — City ticket office, 197 Clark Street. New York, Lake Erie & Western. — Dearborn Station, cor. Polk Street and Third Avenue. Chicago general offices, Phenix Building, cor. Clark and Jackson streets. City ticket office, 242 Clark Street. Northern Pacific. — Grand Central Depot, Harrison Street and Fifth Avenue. City ticket office, 210 Clark Street. Pittsburg, Fort Wayne & Chicago. — Union Depot, Canal and Adams streets. City ticket office, Grand Pacific Hotel, cor. Clark and Jackson streets. Union Pacific. — City ticket office, 19 r Clark Street. Wabash. — Depot, Polk Street and Third Avenue. City ticket office, 201 Clark Street. Wisconsin Central Line. — Grand Central Depot, Harrison Street and Fifth Avenue. City ticket office, 205 Clark Street. Twenty-eight railroads, operating forty systems, with nearly 40,000 miles of road, converge and center in Chicago, thus making it the greatest railroad city of the world. Two hundred and sixty- two through, express, and mail trains arrive or leave each day. In the same period, 660 local, suburban, or accommodation trains arrive or depart; 274 merchandise freight trains, and 164 grain, stock, and lumber trains reaching Chicago or leaving it in every twenty-four hours; thus making a grand total of 1,360 as the average daily movement of all classes of trains, an aggregate reached by no other city in the universe. (36) THE ARRIVAL IN CHICAGO. 37 Baggage Transfers and Del/very. Various thoroughly reliable companies, at moderate charges, will convey baggage from or to the depots, or to any city address. The Frank Parmelee Company and Brink's City Express are to be found at any depot or reached by inquiry of a hotel clerk. Outgoing Baggage. — When you get ready to leave the city, an expressman will call at your house and take and deliver your baggage at any station for from 25 to 50 cents a piece. Parmelee's Express Company will check your baggage at the house to your destination in any part of the country, so that you need have no trouble with it at the railway station; but you must have bought your railway ticket in advance, and must pay 10 cents aditional for the accommodation. Hack Ordinance. Rates of Fare for Hacks, Cabs, and Other Two-horse Vehicles. — For conveying one or two passengers from one rail- road depot to another railroad depot, $1. For conveying one or two passengers not exceeding one mile, $1. For conveying one or two passengers any distance over one mile and less than two miles, $1.50. For each additional two passengers of same party or family, 50 cents. For conveying one or two passengers in said city any distance exceeding two miles, $2. For each addi- tional passenger of the same party or family, 50 cents. For conveying children between five and fourteen years of age, half the above price may be charged for like distances; but for children under five years of age no charge shall be made — provided that the distance from any railroad depot, steamboat landing, or hotel to any other railroad depot, steamboat landing, or hotel, shall in all cases be estimated as not exceeding one mile. For the use by day of any hackney coach or other vehicle drawn by two horses or other animals, with one or more passengers, per day, $8. For the use of any such carriage or vehicle by the hour, with one or more passengers, with the privilege of going from place to place, and stopping as often as may be required, as follows: For the first hour, $2; for each additional hour or part of an hour, $1. Every passenger shall be allowed to have conveyed upon such vehicle, without charge, his ordinary traveling baggage, not exceeding in any case one trunk and twenty-five pounds of other baggage. For every additional package, where the whole weight of baggage is over one hundred pounds, if conveyed to any place within the city limits, the owner or driver shall be permitted to charge 15 cents. 38 HANDY GUIDE TO CHICAGO. Omnibus and Baggage Transfer Rates. — Omnibuses run between all the depots and to all the principal hotels, connecting with all passenger trains. The rate of fare to or from any depot or hotel is 50 cents, payable in exchange for a ticket to the agent on the train or to the collector in the vehicle. The price charged by the same company (Parmelee's) for transferring baggage to or from any train, and to or from any place within the city limits, is 50 cents for the first piece and 25 cents for each piece additional. HANSOM CAB ORDINANCE. Rates of Fare for Hansom Cabs and Other One-horse Vehicles. — The price or rates of fare to be asked or demanded by the owners or drivers of cabs or other vehicles drawn by one horse or other animal for the conveyance of passengers for hire, shall be not more than as follows: One mile, or fraction thereof, for each passenger for the first mile, 25 cents. One mile, or frac- tion thereof, for any distance after first mile, for one or more pas- sengers, 25 cents. P'or the first hour, 75 cents. For each quar- ter-hour additional after first hour, 20 cents. For service outside of city limits and in the parks, for the first hour, $1. For each quarter-hour additional after the first hour, 25 cents. The pro- vision regarding amount of baggage allowed free, and rates of charge for excess, is the same as in the Hack Ordinance. The Hansom Cab companies publish the following rates. Distance Rates. — One mile or less, for each passenger, 25 cents. Each additional mile, or fraction thereof, one or two passengers, 25 cents. For one stop or wait of not over five minutes, no charge will be made. For over five minutes or more than one stop or wait, 10 cents will be charged for each ten minutes or part thereof. Packages too large to be carried inside will be charged 10 cents. Hour Rates. — For one or two persons, per hour, within four- mile limit, 75 cents. For each quarter-hour additional, or fraction thereof, 20 cents. For one or two persons, per hour, outside four- mile limit, also Lincoln Park, $1. For each quarter hour addi- tional, or fraction thereof, 25 cents. When continuous stop of one- half hour or more is made, the charge per hour will be at the rate of 70 cents. When service is desired by the hour, it must be so stated at the time of engaging the cab, otherwise the distance rate will be charged. Hour engagements: When the cab is discharged at a distance of over half a mile from the stand, the time necessary to return to the stand will be charged for. No time engage- ments will be made for less than the price for one hour. Any violation of the above rules and regulations is punishable by fine and imprisonment; and any imposition on anyone is also punishable. Have no parley with your hackman, but call on the nearest policeman, who will aid you in securing your rights. W^'" *-'djHB yffi*"'. H I ' hkO^BKS m H •*" O X> > z > o > X f||i SB o i r aS& H m r o ■ "'KmHB o 3 >1SH S BjjFrB^t""^ H'U r ,U '•fi:' M ^LC«W^BW^R^L. XI z: m 111 'jgjgaH XI L- 1 O dy^Mj XI c t- B I > z o O i O W H XI m m H (/J !«■ (39) 40 HANDY GUIDE TO CHICAGO. Hotels, Lodging Houses, and Restaurants. HOTELS. Chicago has reason to be proud of its hotels, which are almost numberless, and year by year increase in excellence of service and splendor of appointments. The World's Fair City stands unri- valed for its accommodations for visitors. There are at the present time about 750 hotels, large and small, with a united capacity sufficient to care comfortably for at least 150,000 extra guests. This is entirely outside of the enormous number of boarding and private houses, which, in an emergency, would probably double this estimate. It is quite within reason to look forward to an increase of at least one-fourth more in these accom- modations before the opening of the Fair. In addition to the above large number of hotels, there are in Chicago at the present time over 700 restaurants and cafes, with a feeding capacity of at least 100,000 persons daily. The hotels are scattered all over the city, and run the scale of prices from the palatial accommodations offered at some, $6 to $10 per day, to the cheap (not necessarily also nasty) 50 cent or $1 house. Within the limits of the present work it is only feasible to present a short selection of the city's hotels grouped in the three divisions following. For any others, consult a directory in any drug store. Hotels on the American Plan furnish lodging, meals at fixed hours, attendance, etc., at a price varying from $2 to $6 a day, with unlimited enlargement for extra fine rooms and other advantages. The hotels upon the American plan are mainly patronized by persons of regular life, who can command their time; and are largely inhabited by permanent boarders, who can get greatly reduced rates, and who prefer this mode of living to housekeeping with its worries and responsibilities. Following is a list of some of the principal hotels on the American plan: Grand Pacific, Clark Street, cor. Jackson Street. Great Northern, Dearborn Street, cor. Jackson Street. Sherman House, Clark Street, cor. Randolph Street. Southern, Wabash Avenue, cor. Twenty-second Street. Tremont, Dearborn Street, cor. Lake Street. Virginia, 78 Rush Street. THE ARRIVAL IN CHICAGO. 41 The Virginia, corner Rush and Ohio streets, was erected by Mr. Leander J. McCormick, so well known from his long con- nection with the McCormick reaper, and every detail 01 construc- tion and furnishing has been carried out with the intention to produce an absolutely fire-proof building, and a finished hotel second to no other. The hotel is conducted on the American plan. It is located in the most fashionable residence section, and yet in such close proximity to the business district that guests can reach the City Hall, Board of Trade, theaters, etc., in a few moments' time. To those seeking quiet and luxurious surroundings, the Vir- ginia offers advantages possessed by no other hotel in the city. The Virginia, corner of Rush and Ohio Streets Combination Plan. — Most of the prominent hotels combine both plans, and the traveler may choose which he prefers. Among them are: Auditoiium, Michigan Avenue, N. W. cor. Congress Street. Leland, Michigan Avenue, S. W. cor. Jackson Street. Hotel Woodruff, 2 1 03 Wabash Avenue. Palmer House, State Street, cor. Monroe Street. Richelieu, Michigan Avenue, near Jackson Street. Wellington, Wabash Avenue, cor. Jackson Street. European Plan. — The hotels conducted upon the European plan are in great number, and may be ascertained by reference to 42 HANDY GUIDE TO CHICAGO. a directory. In these hotels rooms are rented, with gas, service, towels, etc., at so much a day, and one is at liberty to take his meals in the restaurant attached to the hotel, or anywhere else. Extras. — In all hotels, baths (when no bath is attached to the bedroom which you occupy) and fires, or, in some cases, the turn- ing on of steam heat, are charged as extras. The fire is usually one of hard coal in an open grate, and costs from 50 cents to $1 a day; and 50 cents is the ordinary charge for a bath. In almost every hotel will be found telegraph offices; and in many, railway ticket offices, and agents of the baggage tran r fer compa- nies and carriage lines. These men are authorized, and may be dealt with without hesitation. The Auditorium Hotel, corner of Michigan Avenue and Congress Street. Characteristics of Prominent Hcstelries.--The Richelieu and Virginia are respectively famous for their cuisine and exclu- siveness. The former is largely patronized by foreign tourists of nobility and wealth. The Auditorium, Great Northern, Leland, Palmer, Victoria, and Wellington are much in favor with travelers of wealth and luxurious taste. The Tremont and Sherman are largely used by commercial men. It would be invidious to select THE ARRIVAL IN CHICAGO. 43 a single hotel for special praise, as each has its excellent points, and is pre-eminently well appointed when contrasted with those of other cities. It is said of the Tremont House, in Chicago's earlier days, that one of the amusements of its guests was to sit in the doorway and thence shoot the wild ducks in the neighboring pools and sloughs. Lodging and Boarding Houses. Furnished Rooms. — Private lodgings or " furnished rooms," as the Chicago phrase goes, are preferred to a hotel by many persons, and in some respects are to be recommended. A list of advertisements is to be found in any of the daily papers, while an advertisement inserted by any visitor will produce a host of replies, from which selection can be made after inspection and discussion of terms. This is by far the best method to pursue in this respect. Boarding: Houses. — These are to be obtained in the same manner as furnished rooms. The prices vary from $6 for the cheapest to six times that amount per week, according to location, cuisine, and accommodations. They number over 1,100. Baths. — At every hotel, and in all of the larger barber shops in Chicago, a bath may be obtained, either hot, cold, or shower, with soap and towels, uniform price 25 cents. Russian and Turk- ish baths are numerous. Three natatoriums, one at 504 West Madison Street, another at 408 North Clark Street, and a third at 2327 Wabash Avenue, afford the swimmer an opportunity of essay- ing in pure Lake Michigan water. Restaurants. General Restaurants. — Few cities in the world are better supplied with restaurants and eating houses of every kind than Chicago, and a very large number of the city's inhabitants live wholly at them. Seven hundred and over in number, they are to be found in every street of the city, and vary from the grandeur and excellence of cuisine to be found at the Richelieu, Auditorium, or Kinsley's, 105 Adams Street (the Chicago Delmonico), to the 5 cent "beaneries" of savory South Clark Street. The restau- rants of the principal hotels are good and reliable; besides these, THE CAMBRIDGE APARTMENT AND HOTEL BUILDING, Corner of Thirty-ninth Street and Ellis Avenue. (44) THE ARRIVAL IN CHICAGO. 45 Chapin & Gore's, 73 Monroe Street, Burke's, The Saratoga, The Lakeside, Kohlsaat's, 196 Clark Street, The Grand Pacific, 240 Clark Street, and the Columbia Lunch Room, 148 Monroe Street, are worthy of a visit, and excellent in fare. Oyster Saloons are common everywhere, the most prominent of which are Rector's Oyster House, Dearborn and Monroe streets, and the Boston Oyster House, 120 Madison Street. Ladies are not supposed to go to the chop houses. Their favorite luncheon places, when shopping, are at the magnificent restaurants provided in the large stores. Especially favored by the fair sex are the restaurants provided in large department stores, such as Marshall Field & Co.'s, Mandel's, Carson Pirie's, The Fair, and Siegel, Cooper & Co.'s. Many restaurants specially reserve seats for ladies, and so announce on signs at their doors. Foreign Consuls. The various Foreign Consuls located in Chicago, useful in many respects to tourists, are set out below: Argentine Republic, P. S. Hudson, 83 Jackson Street. Austria-Hungary, Henry Claussenius, Consul; Edward Claus- senius, Vice Consul, 78 and 80 Fifth Avenue. Belgium, Charles Henrotin, 167 Dearborn Street. Denmark, Emil Dreier, Consul; Otto A. Dreier, Vice Consul, 209 Fremont Street. France, Edmond Bruwaert, Consul General; Jules Heilmann, Chancellor, 70 La Salle Street. German Empire, Dr. Ludwig Arendt, Acting Consul, Room 25 Borden Block. Great Britain, Colonel Hayes Sadler, Consul; R. H. Hayes Sadler, Vice Consul, Room 4, 72 Dearborn Street. Italy, Conte V. Manassero di Costligliole, Consul, Room 1, no La Salle Street. Mexico, Felipe Berriozabal, Jr., Consul, Room 30, 126 Wash- ington Street. Netherlands, Geo. Birkhoff, Jr., Consul, 85 Washington Street. Russia, P. de Thai, Consul, 2426 Prairie Avenue. Sweden and Not way, Peter Svanoe, Vice Consul, Room 1, 153 Randolph Street. Switzerland, Louis Boerlin, Consul; Julius Wegmann, Vice Consul, 165 Wabash Avenue. Turkey, Charles Henrotin, Consul, 167 Dearborn Street. III. GETTING ABOUT THE CITY. A few words as to the various methods of getting about the city will be appropriate and useful: Elevated Railways. — One of the few matters in which Chi- cago is not well abreast of the times is in relation to elevated rail- roads. The reasons given are various, and some seem strange, if true. With alleyways made, as it were, for the necessary structure, Chi- cago has but one line, and that on the vSouth Side, denuded of half its usefulness by the location of its depot, on Congress Street, away from the business center. This line, which is located in the alley between Wabash Avenue and State Street, is intended to serve as one of the principal routes to the World's Fair grounds. It has twenty locomotives, sixty cars, thirty-seven miles of track, and will cost when completed $6,750,000. Partially opened for traffic on June 6, 1892, it will, when completed, reach Jackson Park in thirty-two minutes. The stations are: Congress Street (down town terminus), Twelfth, Eighteenth, Twenty-second, Twenty-sixth, Twenty-ninth, Thirty-first, Thirty-third, Thirty- fifth, Thirty-ninth, Indiana Avenue (here the line crosses to the alley between Prairie and Calumet avenues), Forty-third, Forty-sev- enth, Fifty-first, Fifty-fifth, Fifty-eighth, Sixty-first, South Park, Cottage Grove, Lexington, Madison, Stony Island, and Jack- son Park. Fare, 5 cents single journey. The completion of the road past Fortieth is being rapidly hastened ready for World's Fair traffic, and the extension of the system into the heart of Chicago is confidently hoped for by the company. Projects are also afoot to provide " L " roads for the West and South sides, the Council Committees on Streets and Alleys, West and South, having GETTING ABOUT THE CITY. 47 decided to recommend to the Council for passage an ordinance granting the Chicago & Suburban Rapid Transit Company a franchise to maintain an elevated road on the West and South sides. The ordinance provides for a route from Lake Street to the South Branch, between Canal and Morgan streets, thence across the river and to the city line, between Wentworth and Western avenues. One branch is to run between Thirty-ninth and Forty-seventh streets east to Lake Avenue, and another west to Western Avenue, between the same streets. A third runs east to Stony Island Avenue, between Sixty-seventh and Seventy-first streets. As recommended, the ordinance provides that police and firemen shall be carried free; that the company shall always keep the girders at least fourteen feet above the streets at whatever grade there may be established. The use of streets and avenues for a right of way is forbidden, and the company is required to furnish four miles of double track within two years. Cable and Horse Car Routes. A detailed list of the street railways is here appended for travelers' use and ready reference. South Side System. — Fare, 5 cents. Transfers to or from any of the main or branch lines may be had from the conductor without additional charge. Wabash Avenue and Cottage Grove Avenue Cable lines — Trains bearing sign " Hyde Park" run on Wabash to Twenty- second, to Cottage Grove, to Fifty-fifth Street, to Jefferson, to Fifty-sixth, to Lake Avenue. Time, fifty-three minutes. Trains bearing sign "71st st. and Oakwoods " run same as above to Fifty fifth Street, continuing on Cottage Grove to Sev- enty-first. Time, fifty-five minutes. Indiana Avenue cars are attached to the Wabash and Cottage Grove cable trains as far south as Eighteenth Street, whence they are drawn by horses east to Indiana Avenue, and south to Fifty- first Street. Horse-cars run from Washington Street, south on Clark to Van Buren, and east on Van Buren to Wabash Avenue, trans- ferring passengers there to the Cottage Grove cable line. State Street Cable line — Trains bearing sign "39th" run south on State Street to Thirty-ninth. Time, thirty minutes. All other State Street cable trains run to Sixty-third Street. Time, forty-six minutes. 48 HANDY GUIDE TO CHICAGO. Archer Avenue cars attached to State Street cable trains are dropped at Archer Avenue, and horses draw them to Thirty eighth Street and Kedzie Avenue on Archer. Time, sixty-two minutes. Wallace, Hanover, and Butler streets cars, attached to State Street cable trains, are dropped at Archer Avenue, thence by horses on Archer to Hanover, to Twenty-ninth Street, to Butler Street, to Thirty-first Street, to Wallace, to Thirty-ninth. Time, forty minutes. From the State Street cable, passengers may be transferred to: Twenty-second Street line, Cottage Grove Avenue to South Branch Chicago River. Twenty-sixth Street line, Cottage Grove Avenue to Halsted Street. Thirty-first Street line, Illinois Central tracks (lake shore) to South Branch Chicago River. Thirty-fifth and Stanton Avenue — From State Street to Stan- ton Avenue, to Thirty-ninth Street. Thi?ty-ninth Street and Stock Yards line, Cottage Grove Ave- nue to Wentworth Avenue, to Root Street, to Stock Yards. Forty-third Street line, Illinois Central tracks to State, to Root Street, to Stock Yards. Forty-seventh Street line, State to Ashland Avenue. Fifty-first Street line, State to Grand Boulevard (Washington Park). Sixty-first Street or Woodlawn line, State to Cottage Grove Avenue, to Sixty-third, to Illinois Central tracks. Sixty-third Street line, on Sixty-first Street, State to Went- worth Avenue, to Sixty-third, to Ashland Avenue. Auburn Park line, on Sixty-first Street, State to Wentworth Avenue, to Vincennes Avenue, to Seventy-ninth, to Halsted. Sixty-ninth Street line, on State, Sixty-fourth Street, to Vin- cennes Avenue, to Sixty-ninth, to Leavitt Street. Wentworth Avenue line, from Washington Street, on Clark, to Archer Avenue, to Wentworth Avenue, to Sixty-third. Halsted Street line — Horse-cars connect with the West Side street cars at Halsted and O'Neil streets, running south on Hal- sted to Sixty-ninth Street. Ashland Avenue line — From Archer Avenue, on Ashland, to Sixty-ninth Street. These lines transfers passengers east or west on any of the cross-town lines intersecting them. Northwest Side System. — Fare, 5 cents — Mihvaukee Ave- nue Cable line, from Madison, on La Salle to Randolph, to Fifth Avenue, to Washington, through tunnel to Desplaines, to Mil- waukee Avenue, to Armitage Avenue. Forty minutes. Milwaukee and North avenues line, via Milwaukee Avenue cable to West North Avenue, to Fortieth Street. Forty-five minutes. GETTING ABOUT THE CITY. 49 Noble Street line, via Milwaukee Avenue cable to Noble Street, to Blackhawk, to Holt, to North Avenue, to Ashland Avenue, to Llybourn Place, to Wood Street. Forty minutes. Division Street line, via Milwaukee Avenue cable to West Division Street, to California Avenue. Forty minutes. Chicago Avenue line, via Milwaukee Avenue cable to Chicago Avenue, to California Avenue, to Division Street. Time, fifty minutes. Indiana Street line — From State, on Randolph, to Halsted, to Indiana, to Western Avenue. Forty minutes. West Side System. — Fare, 5 cents. Lake Street line — From State, on Lake Street, to West Fortieth Street. Fifty minutes. Randolph Street line — From State, on Randolph and West Lake to Western Avenue. Thirty-five minutes. Madison Sheet Cable line — From La Salle and Madison, through Washington Street tunnel, and on West Madison to West Fortieth Street. Thirty-five minutes. Ogden Avenue line — From La Salle and Madison, via Madison Street cable to Ogden Avenue, thence on Ogden Avenue to Mil- lard Avenue. Fifty-five minutes. Harrison and Adams Street line — From Michigan Avenue, on Adams, to Desplaines, to Harrison, to Western Avenue. Forty minutes. Center Avenue and Adams Street line — From Michigan Avenue, on Adams, to Center Avenue, to Twenty-first Street, to Western Avenue. Fifty minutes. Van Buren Street line — From State, on Madison, to Fifth Avenue, to Van Buren, to Western Avenue. Forty minutes. Also from State, on Van Buren, to Kedzie Avenue. Forty minutes. Blue Island Avenue line — From Washington, on State, to Madi- son, to Clinton, to Adams, to Halsted, to Blue Island Avenue, to Western Avenue. Fifty minutes. South Halsted Street line — P>om State, on Randolph, to Hal- sted, to O'Neil Street, connecting with Halsted Street cars of the South Side system. Forty minutes. Clinton and Jefferson Street line — From State, on Randolph, to Clinton, to Twelfth, to Jefferson, to Meagher Street. Thirty-five minutes. Taylor Street line — From Washington, on Michigan Avenue, to Adams, to Fifth Avenue, to Harrison, to Canal, to Taylor, to Western Avenue. Forty minutes. Twelfth Street line — From Randolph, on State, to Madison, to Fifth Avenue, to Twelfth Street, to Douglas and Central Park Boulevard. Forty-five minutes. Also from State, on Van Buren, to Jefferson, to Twelfth, to Douglas and Central Park Boulevard. Fifty minutes. D 50 HANDY GUIDE TO CHICAGO. Eighteenth Street line — From State, on Randolph, to Halsted, to Eighteenth, to Leavitt, to Blue Island Avenue. Sixty minutes. Canalport Avenue line — From State, on Washington, to Clin- ton, to Harrison, to Canal, to Canalport Avenue, to Halsted, to O'Neil. Forty minutes. Ashland Avenue and Sangamon Street line — From Michigan Avenue, on Adams, to Sangamon, to Austin Avenue, to Centre Avenue, to Erie, to Ashland Avenue, to Clybourn Place. Fifty- five minutes. North Side System. — Fare, 5 cents. — City Limits Cable line — From Monroe, on Dearborn, to Randolph, to La Salle, through tunnel to Illinois, to Clark, to Diversey Avenue. Thirty minutes. Also from Monroe, on Dearborn, to Randolph, to La Salle, through tunnel to Illinois, to Wells, to Clark (at Wisconsin Street), to Diversey Avenue. Thirty minutes. Lincoln Avenue Cable line — Two routes same as above, to Clark and Center streets; from Clark, on Center, to Lincoln Ave- nue, to Wrightwood Avenue, connecting here with several minor horse-car lines. Thirty-five minutes. Clark Street, Pullerton and Webster Avenues line — Via Lincoln Avenue cable to Lincoln and Fullerton avenues, on Fullerton Ave- nue, to Racine Avenue, to Webster Avenue. Forty minutes. Garfield Avenue and Center Street line — Via Lincoln Avenue cable to Lincoln an-\ Garfield avenues, on Garfield Avenue, to Ra- cine Avenue. Forty minutes. Clybourn Avenue line — Via Wells Street cable to Division Street, on Division, to Clybourn Avenue, to Fullerton Avenue. Forty-five minutes. Sedgwick Street line — From Washington, on Clark, to Kinzie, to Market, to Division, to Sedgwick, to Center Street. Thirty minutes. Larrabee Street line — From Washington, on Clark, to Kinzie, to Market, to Chicago Avenue, to Larrabee, to Lincoln Avenue. Thirty-five minutes. Halsted Street line — Via Clybourn Avenue cable to Halsted, to Evanston Avenue. Time, fifty minutes. Division Street line — Via Clybourn Avenue cable to Division, to Milwaukee Avenue. Thirty-five minutes. State and Division Streets line — From Lake, on State, to Divis- ion, to Clark. Fifteen minutes. The Calumet Electric Road consists of two lines — one extending from the southern terminus of the South Side cable road, at Cottage Grove Avenue and Seventy-first Street, south to Ninety third Street, and east on Ninety third Street to South Chicago; the other from Cottage Grove Avenue, west on Ninety- GETTING ABOUT THE CITY. 51 fifth Street, to Michigan Avenue, south on Michigan Avenue, to 119th Street, and passes through Roseland, Kensington, Burn- side, Dauphin Park, and Grand Crossing. Fare, 5 cents. The Cicero & Proviso Electric Road extends from the western terminus of the West Madison Street cable system to Har- lem Avenue, Concordia, Waldheim, and Maywood. Fare, 5 cents. Chicago possesses one of the most complete systems of street railways in the world, being literally gridironed with their track?. The three divisions of the city are operated by separate compa- nies, with an aggregate of 396 miles of track. The cars are used by about 600,000 persons a day. The fare is uniformly 5 cents. The North Chicago City Railway Company has 80 miles of track (of which 12 miles are operated by cable) and owns 354 cars, and 1,823 horses, and several cable engines, aggregating 2,700 horse-power. The company operating the West Division has 144 miles of track. Its equipment is 1,289 cars an d 4,178 horses. Its official title is the West Chicago Street Railroad Company, operating the Chicago West Division Railway and the Chicago Passenger Rail- way. * The South Side is operated by the Chicago City Railway Com- pany, which has, to a large extent, dispensed with the use of horses by the adoption of the cable system.. The first section was opened in 1882, since which time it has been extended to 148 miles, of which 35 miles are cable. Its equipment includes 1,472 cars, 2,500 horses, 3 steam motors of 30 horse-power each, and cable engines aggregating 10,000 horse-power. The principal cable station is situated at Twentieth and State streets. Strangers will do well to remember that throughout the city the street cars will stop only at the farther side of street crossings, except in the middle of long blocks, where stopping places are indi- cated by signs. Omnibuses meet all the important trains at the terminal depots, to transfer passengers from one depot to another, or to convey them to the hotels. Fare, 50 cents. Carriages may be ordered at any of the principal hotels. 52 HANDY GUIDE T9 CHICAGO. P os toff ice and Postal Facilities. The General Postoffice is to be found in the heart of the business center, occupying, with the Custom House, Federal Courts, and U. S. Department offices, the entire block bounded by Adams, Clark, Jackson, and Dearborn streets. The " general delivery " (poste restante) and stamp-selling windows are on the ground floor at the Clark Street side of the building, the money order branch on th^ Dearborn Street side of the same floor, the entire basement and first floor being occupied by the postal author- ities. Stamps can be bought all night as well as during the day, except that on Sunday the office is open only from 11.30 A. M. to 12.30 p. m. The money order department is open from 9 to 5, the registered letter and other offices are open from 9 to 6, week-days. The site of the present Postoffice Building cost $1,100,000, and the erection of the present structure (costing $4,000,000) was com- menced directly after the great fire of 187 1. Its dimensions are 243x211 feet, and utmost height 197 feet. In architectural par- lance it is described as of the Florentine- Romanesque style, and is built of Buena Vista sandstone from Ohio. As a building it is a complete failure; far too small for the present requirements of the postal service alone, its foundations sinking, and the whole building rapidly falling into decay, it is an eloquent example of the pious editor's creed pervading the ranks of building contractors, how " Uncle Sam they reverence, Particularly his pockets." It is now proposed to sell the site, which is of very great value, and with the proceeds to erect a modern and far more extensive Postoffice and Federal Building upon the Lake Front, or some other suitable location. An alternative plan is to erect a new building upon the present site. The amount of business trans- acted is immense, employing 842 clerks, 769 carriers, 57 horses, and 52 wagons, and with 300 clerks employed in the railway post- offices which arrive at or leave Chicago. The city delivery of mail matter in the year 1891 reached a total of 254,423,884 pieces. There are 1 1 carrier stations, 22 sub-postal stations; 1 10 mails arrive each twenty-four hours, and an equal number are dispatched. One particularly valuable postal plan is peculiar to Chicago: Each night 33 clerks leave Chicago to await and board incoming mail trains at distant points for the purpose of sorting the letters for Chicago. As a result, 70 per cent, of the mail matter arriving in the twenty- four hours is delivered before 9 A. M., each day. Under the able direction of Col. Jac. A. Sexton, th« courteous and exc«p- 54 HANDY GUIDE TO CHICAGO. tionally efficient postmaster, the World's Fair postal arrangements will be well cared for and as skillfully handled. Postoffice Stational Offices.— 355 and 359 North Clark Street; 517 Milwaukee Avenue; corner West Washington Street and South Halsted Street; 981 West Madison Street; 543 Blue Island Avenue; 3217 State Street; 3729 Cottage Grove Avenue; Union Stock Yards; 1353 Diversey Avenue; 1576 Milwaukee Avenue; 142 Fifty-third Street. There are, in addition, 20 sub-stations for money orders, stamps, and registration scattered throughout the city. Telegraphs, Telephones, and the Messenger Service. Telegraphs. — The principal telegraph and cable companies have branch offices in Chicago, and, frequently, instruments in the principal hotels. Following is a list of the head offices: American District Telegraph Co., 203 Washington Street. Chicago 6° Milwaukee Telegraph Co., 56 Board of Trade Building. Gamewell Fire Alarm Telegraph Co., 902, 59 Clark Street. 'Gold & Stock Telegraph Co., 9 Rialto Building. Mercantile Telegraph Co., 267 Clark Street. Postal Telegraph Cable Co., Phenix Building, southwest cor- ner Clark and Jackson streets. Western Union Telegraph Co., La Salle Street, southwest corner Washington Street. The American District Telegraph, operated by the Chi- cago Telephone Company, has offices scattered all over town, and also in the different suburbs of the city, where uniformed messen- ger boys are on hand to answer calls, and perform every variety of service for which a boy is capable, from simply carrying a message or delivering a package to cashing a check, escorting ladies to the theater or to a railway station, or distributing advertise- ments. This company places small automatic call-instruments in clubs, hotels, offices, and private houses, by which a messenger, or one of the company's firemen (armed with chemical apparatus), or a policeman with full authority may be summoned, by simply turning a pointer on the dial. The charge is regulated by a tariff, which is printed in a book supplied to subscribers and carried by the boys; and it is well to learn in advance what will be the charge for the service you wish done. These boys are faithful in their GETTING ABOUT THE CITY. 55 work, and as prompt as could be expected, and, notwithstanding the popular gibes at them, are obliging and industrious. Telephones are as numerous in Chicago as elsewhere, one company alone having 8,500 telephones (generally abbreviated into "phones") and 1,800 miles of wire. At frequent intervals, in telegraph and messenger offices, hotels, drug stores, etc., pub- lic "pay" stations are indicated by a sign, where the use of a telephone can be had for a small fee, and some of these are "long distance " stations, whose wires reach suburban places. Telephone Companies; Central Union Telephone Co., 40, 203 Washington Street. Chicago Telephone Co., 203 Washington Street. The American Telephone 6° Telegraph Co., Rand-McNally Building, 105-107 Quincy Street. Chicago Telephone Company. — Ameri- can District Telegraph messengers, who are thoroughly familiar with the city, may be sum- moned at any hour of the day or night by turn- ing in messenger-box signal or by telephone, or personal application to any of the Company's offices. * **P Uniformed Messengers will be promptly dis- patched, upon call, prepared to act as escort, especially for ladies or children, or to deliver letters, invitations, light packages, etc. ; to go for a physician, medicine, carriage, express, or to perform any other errand. Uniformed Guides, familiar with the city, its suburbs, and World's Columbian Exposition grounds, may be secured by tele- phone or personal application to the Company's offices. American District Telegraph offices, fully equipped with the latest and most improved telephonic facilities, will be found in all the principal Exposition buildings, from which communication may be had with points throughout the Exposition, the city of Chi- cago, and elsewhere, including direct connection with other cities and towns over the Long Distance Lines of the American Tele- phone & Telegraph Co. Messenger and telephone service may be secured at the follow- ing American District Telegraph offices in the city of Chicago: 5 'Distance telephone 56 HANDY GUIDE TO CHTCAGO. Telephone No. No. 118 La Salle Street Main-119 No. 190 West Madison Street Main-138 No. 54 Randolph Street Main-2384 No. 515 Wabash Avenue Main-i 1 1 No. 34 Monroe Street Main-2340 Sherman House Main-1795 Board of Trade, exchange floor Main-702 Grand Pacific Hotel Main-i 174 Auditorium Hotel Main-1480 Rookery Building Main-4087 No. 243-5- North Clark Street North-52 No. 3901 Cottage Grove Avenue Oakland-890 No. 94 East Twenty-second Street South-105 Exchange Bldg. Union Stock Yards Yards-504 No. 584 West Madison Street West-145 No. 199 Canalport Avenue Canal office No. 6134 Wentworth Avenue Englewood Exchange No. 9145 Commercial Avenue South Chicago Exchange IV. THEATERS, THE OPERA, AND OTHER AMUSEMENTS. Probably the first thing to which the average visitor to Chicago turns his attention, after settling down at his hotel, feasting his eyes at the World's Fair grounds, and generally getting his ' ' bear- ings," is amusement; though with the gentler sex shopping may hold an equal place. The amusements of the World's Fair City are many-sided and multitudinous, ranging from Italian Opera at the Auditorium to dime museum and dance hall; from Kinsley or Richelieu banquets to South State Street bean feasts; from Michigan Avenue prome- nades to pleasure club picnics; from a stroll in Lincoln Park to a midnight ramble in the local " Hell's Kitchen "; so that the men or women who can not amuse themselves in Chicago must be con- firmed misanthropes, finding no joy in life anywhere. The amusements fall into certain classes, briefly summarized below: Theaters and the Opera. Theaters, Etc. — There are thirty-two first-class theaters and places of amusement in Chicago, with an estimated gross attend- ance daily of from 20,000 to 25,00c persons, so that the public enjoy a continual round of high-class entertainment. The Audi- torium, Columbia, Hooley's, McVicker's, Havlin's, and the Play- market theaters, and the Grand and Chicago Opera houses, stand in the front rank, while the Academy of Music and Standard are rapidly advancing to an equally high position. Concerts and lectures are given in the Central Music Hall, a large and hand- (57) 5 S HANDY GUIDE TO CHICAGO. some building on the corner of State and Randolph streets, the Madison Street Theater, 83 Madison Street, and elsewhere; and on the North Side, the Windsor and Jacobs' Clark Street Theater are popular houses. Following is a brief list: Columbia Theater, Monroe Street, west of Dearborn. Auditorium, Wabash Avenue and Congress Street. Academy of Music, Halsted Street, near Madison Street. Alhambra Theater, State Street and Archer Avenue. Central Music Hall, State Street, cor. Randolph Street. Chicago Opera House, Washington Street, S. W. cor. Clark Street. Columbia Theater, 108 and no Monroe Street. Criterion Theater, 274 Sedgwick Street. Grand Opera House, 87 Clark Street. Halsted Street Opera House, Halsted and W. Harrison streets. Havlin's Theater, Wabash Avenue and Nineteenth Street. Haymarket Theater, W. Madison Street, east of Halsted Street. ENTRANCE McVlCKER'S THEATER, MADISON STREET, WEST OF STATE. ( 59 ) 60 HANDY GUIDE TO CHICAGO. Hooky's Theater, 149 Randolph Street. Jacobs' Clark Street Theater, Kinzie and N. Clark streets. Lyctum Theater, 54 Desplaines Street. Madison Street Theater, 83 Madison Street. McVicker's Theater, 82 Madison Street. Olympic Theater, 46 Clark Street. People's Theater, State Street, near Harrison Street. Standard Theater, Halsted Street, S. W. cor. W. Jackson Street. Windsor Theater, 468 N. Clark Street. General Remarks. — Prices. — The prices usual at the Chicago theaters are about $1.50 for the orchestra or best balcony seats, 50 cents admission without seat reserved, and 25 .cents for the upper circles. At some of the " popular" houses the prices vary, running down as low as 10 cents admission, and 50 cents for reserved orchestra chairs. Theater Tickets are to be obtained in most of the principal hotels as well as at the box offices. The Chicago Auditorium. — This magnificent structure occupies nearly an entire square, having frontages of 187 feet on Michigan Avenue, 361 feet on Congress Street, and 161 feet on Wabash Avenue. It is a colossal structure of granite and brick, comprising ten stories. The height of the main building is 144 feet; of the large square tower on the Congress Street front, 225 feet, the lateral dimensions of this tower being 40 x 71 feet. The Auditorium, which was designed to accommodate conventions and similar gatherings, contains 5,000 seats, and has a total capacity for 8,ooo. It is fire-proof, has a stone frontage of 709 feet, and cost about $2,000,000. Vaudeville Entertainments of any especial merit in Chicago a^e, like "black swans," rare, the Eden Musee, with Haverly's Minstrels (excellent in its way), being about the sole representa- tive of performances suited for ladies or children. To those of cosmopolitan taste, who desire beer and tobacco, and do not draw the line at abbreviated dress, Engel's Opera Pavilion, 469 North Clark Street; Baum's Pavilion, Twenty-second Street and Cottage Grove Avenue, and such like places, will appeal. As to the rest, "dive" is the only correct definition of dozens, and Chicago's " dives" will be well avoided by any strangers. THEATERS AND OTHER AMUSEMENTS. 61 Musical Entertainments. Several musical societies in Chicago, among others the Apollo Club, have annual, or more frequent, concerts, which are noticea- ble events. The columns of the daily newspapers, as a rule, will give ample notification of those open to the public. A series of summer concerts in the First Regimental Armory (Michigan Avenue and Sixteenth Street) have been very popular, and will probably be repeated. Lectures and Instructive Exhibitions. Lectures on various topical or national questions are fre- quently given during the winter months in the Auditorium or other halls. Full notification is always to be found in the columns of the local press. Panoramas. — There are at present two of these interesting works of art within easy reach of hotels. The one attracting the greatest attention is the Panorama" 'of the Battle of Gettys- burg, which has been on exhibition for the last nine years, at the corner of Wabash Avenue and Panorama Place, reached by South Side cable cars. * Libby Prison, Wabash Avenue, between Fourteenth and Sixteenth Streets. Museums, Etc. Libby Prison Museum, Wabash Avenue and Fifteenth Street — the palace prison of the South— built in 1845, of imported brick, and used as a tobacco warehouse; taken by the Confederates for a prison in 1861, and during the war more than 12,000 Union soldiers were confined in it, is well worth a visit. Purchased by Chicago capitalists in 18 89 and removed to this city, 62 IIAXDY GUIDE TO CHICAGO. and opened as a National War Museum, filled with many thou- sands of important and valuable relics of the late civil war. Sir Antonio Moro's portrait of Columbus, now on exhibition at this museum, will be one of the features of the art exhibit of the World's Columbian Exposition. Admission, 50 cents. John Brown's Fort, 1341 Wabash Avenue. John Brown's Fort, was formerly part of the arsenal and gun factory at Harper's Ferry, Va. It is indelibly associated with the history of the nation. The engine-house at Harper's Ferry was seized in 1859 by Brown, and attacked by the United States marines and Virginia State troops under the command of Lieut. - Col. (afterward General) Robert E. Lee. During the war the greater part of the arsenal and gun factory was destroyed, but the engine-house, which escaped damage, was sold by the United States Government to a syndicate of wealthy gentlemen, who decided to remove it bodily to Chicago and reproduce it as an attraction there. Reconstructed with marvelous fidelity and with perfect detail it is now enclosed in an elegant building of attractive design, situated at 1341 Wabash Avenue, and is filled with curios and relics of slavery and ante-bellum days. The port-holes which Brown made for firing from the fort are preserved intact, and many historical relics connected with him are on exhibition. Admission 50 cents. THEATERS AND OTHER AMUSEMENTS. 63 Dime Museums. — To those desirous of such delights, Kohl& Middleton's, at 146 Clark Street, their South State Street Museum, and Epstean's New Dime Museum on Randolph Street, near Clark, will be found interesting and attractive. The Circus. — Repeated visits to Chicago are paid by those delights of the small boy, the various circuses. The newspapers, posters, and advertising boardings soon announce any arrival and location of show. Balls and Dancing. The magnificent hall of the Auditorium and other suitable places are frequently filled in the winter season with the youth, beauty, and wealth of Chicago worshiping at the Terpsichorean shrine, the Annual Charity Ball being a galaxy of beauty, man- liness, and wealth. The various clubs and societies have annual and other informal dances,- and hardly an evening passes in the winter without some pleasure club or other giving a dance, where al fresco manners and very abbreviated costumes are the rule rather than the exception. These costume balls are often held at Battery D, on Michigan Avenue, and being utterly unsuited for ladies can be dismissed with this mere mention." Beer Gardens and Bar-rooms. With a population of at least 390,000 Germans resident in Chi- cago, many are the excellent, staid, and simple resorts where Cousin Hans delighteth to disport. Peaceable, merry, and musical as our best citizen the German is, his bier garten is worthy of a visit to watch him, home again in Vaterland, in spirit, in beverage, and in song. Thielman's Summer Resort on the Lake Shore Drive, north of Lincoln Park, is worthy of a visit as essentially German, as are others in the same locality. Many of the bar- rooms in Chicago are widely famous among men about town. Kinsley's, the Auditorium, Hannah & Hogg's, the Great Northern, the Richelieu, and the Wellington are well worth inspection, and their wares above suspicion or reproach. A hotel clerk will be the best possible informant as to anything noticeable or worthy of visit in any others. V. RACING AND ATHLETIC SPORTS. General interest in out-door sports has increased, and many associations devoted to them have been organized. The most important of these are those of Turf and Turfmen. Horse-racing in the city of Chicago is regulated by law or local ordinance. There are three principal tracks, all convenient to the city. Washington Park Club, situated at South Park Avenue and Sixty -first Street, is the most aristocratic club, and has one of the most modern and excellently arranged tracks in the country. It is reached by the Illinois Central Railroad or by the State Street and Cottage Grove cable car lines. The Washington Park Derby Day in June or July, opening the summer season, is a great Chi- cago event. Then the Michigan Avenue Boulevard is a blaze of color from the toilettes in the long procession of carriages, while the track is picturesque to a degree with the presence of car- riages of every species and visitors of every kind. This event is rapidly becoming a local annual holiday. Garfield Park Club, situated a few hundred yards west of Garfield Park, and reached by the Madison Street cable cars and the Wisconsin Central Railroad, is a regular racing association, duly incorporated as a stock company under the laws of the State of Illinois. It possesses one of the finest tracks in the country, and here, in 1877, Maud S., the celebrated horse, made her record. The Hawthorne Track is situated in the town of Cicero, just beyond the city limits, and 7-J miles from the court house. It is RACING AND ATHLETIC SPORTS. 65 reached by the Freeport branch of the Illinois Central Railroad, the Chicago, Burlington & Quincy, and the Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe. It is only one-half mile from the Belt Line Railroad, which connects all the railroads running into the city. The track is most excellently made, thoroughly drained, while the soil being a sandy black loam does not pack even in heavy rain. Turfmen's Resorts. — The leading turfmen of Chicago when in town make the Wellington Hotel bar, Chapin & Gore's, 73 and 75 Monroe Street, and Harry Varnell's, 119 Clark Street, their down-town headquarters, and may there be found by those inter- ested in " the sport of kings." Washington Park Club House. Yachting, Boating, and Fishing. Yacht Clubs are numerous along the Lake Front, the Chi- cago Yacht Club and Lincoln Park Yacht Club being the two principal. Sailing yachts can be hired on suitable days on the Lake Front, at the foot of Congress Street, while the services of a s 66 HANDY GUIDE TO CHICAGO. steamboat for any extended excursion can speedily be procured by application to the various transportation companies, or advertise- ment in the local papers. The charge for sailing yachts is about $10 to $20 for a whole day for a party, while 25 cents each person per hour's sail is the usual rate for lesser periods; but it is best "to agree with thine adversary (the boatman) quickly, whiles thou art (on the shore) with him," and for obvious reasons. Rowing and Canoeing. — Lake Michigan, the harbor, and the many lakes and ornamental waters in the parks are excellent localities for the pastimes of those fond of aquatic sports. Visitors will do well to keep within the harbor in small rowing boats, as Lake Michigan squalls are proverbially severe. Fishing in the Lake. — Numerous enthusiastic disciples of Izaak Walton find the contemplative man's recreation in angling for lake perch from the various piers in the lake; but the majority of anglers will go farther afield to the lesser lake district of Michi- gan or Wisconsin, where the game fishes abound. Still, on the Government Pier (fare, 25 cents round trip, from Van Buren Street and the Lake Front) a good day's sport may often be obtained, as the fish run large and struggle gamely. Athletics. Athletic sports of every kind find numerous enthusiastic vota- ries among the thousands of Chicago youths. Gymnasia, such as those of the Y. M. C. A. and Athenaeum, are replete with every imaginable apparatus for muscular exercise. Field Sports. Baseball. — There are some 400 organized baseball clubs in Chicago, and consequently little lack for amusement for specta- tors of the national game. In the season the principal games of the National Baseball League are played on the Chicago Base- ball Club's grounds at the corner of Thirty-fifth Street and Went- worth Avenue. Cricket.— The Chicago Cricket Club at Parkside, 167th Street (Illinois Central Railroad), and the Pullman Cricket Club are the leading exponents of the British national game, contain- RACTNG AND ATHLETIC SPORTS. 67 ing as these clubs do many young men of European birth or parentage. Bicycling and Tricycling. — Chicago possesses numerous bicycle clubs, the parks and boulevards affording such excellent roadways for the use of the speedy wheel. The annual road race to Pullman on Decoration Day and the Chinese Lantern Parade of clubs make interesting features of the sport. Recently the cyclists of Chicago demonstrated their pluck and stamina by car- rying a military dispatch to New York, by relays of men, in a time (considering the continuous rain and other adverse conditions) which clearly proved the utility of the bicycle for military purposes. The principal bicycle clubs are: Chicago Cycling Club, corner of Lake Avenue and Fifty-seventh Street. Cook County Wheelmen, 218 Leavitt Street. Douglas Cycling Club, 586 West Taylor Street. Illinois Cycling Club. 1068 Washington Boulevard. Lake View Cycling Club, Lake View. Lincoln Cycling Club, 235 La Salle Avenue. Oak Park Cycling Club, Oak Park. Washington Cycling Club, 650 West Adams Street. Winter Sports. — To many the winter winds bring the keen- est enjoyment in Chicago, the splendid park and boulevard system being the acme of excellence for ' sleighing, the extensive orna- mental waters in the various parks affording the finest skating, and even Lake Michigan, on occasions of severe frost, bearing the adventurous skater or the speedy iceboat. Visitors soon learn of any available ice, the various car lines being provided with adver- tisement boards which are exhibited as soon as the ice bears. It is sometimes found practicable to flood some baseball grounds and thus afford earlier skating for the enthusiast, who, with the small boy, thinks two-inch ice stout enough for any purpose. VI. SUGGESTIONS AS TO SHOPPING. The shopping district of Chicago, par excellence, is the quad- rangle formed by Wabash Avenue, Washington Street, Dearborn and Congress streets, the " ladies' half mile " being essentially on State Street from Randolph to Congress streets. In this quad- rangle are the finest of the stores and shops, and on the favored promenade are wares displayed in windows which would vie in array with those of any city on the face of the globe. The wealth of material temptingly displayed is varied and very great, from the sealskins of arctic Alaska to the sweet products of Southern Cali- fornia, from the quaint goods of China and Japan to the choice silks and laces of Italy," Spain, and France. All come to Chicago and contribute to the beauteous display made by the merchant prince of that city of many merchant princes. The great feature of shopping in Chicago is the prevalence of huge bazaars, where every sort of thing is sold that a woman would want to buy for herself, for her family, or for her house. Mar- shall Field & Co., State and Washington streets; Carson, Pirie, Scott & Co.; J. H. Walker & Co., Wabash Avenue and Adams Street; Mandel Brothers, 117-123 State Street, and other merchants keep the widest possible variety of dry goods and fancy articles; but Siegel, Cooper & Co. , State and Van Buren streets; The Fair, State and Adams streets; The Leader, State and Adams streets, and others are immense bazaars rather than a single establishment — a federation of separate special salesrooms under the same roof and subjected to common regulations for mutual benefit rather than one store divided into departments; as at Wanamaker's, in Philadelphia, for example. Here the visitor will find telegraph and telephone (68) SUGGESTIONS AS TO SHOPPING. 69 offices, a place to leave parcels on payment of 10 cents, retiring rooms, an immense luncheon room with moderate prices, and a detective system which guards the customer from pickpockets, while it protects the firm from thieving. Continuous lines of stores extend along State Street from Con- gress to Randolph streets, and between them is probably the busi- est shopping district in the city. The crossing of State and Madi- son streets may be termed the vortex of retail trade. Here, the crowd and clanging bells of cable cars would, especially of a Sat- urday afternoon, more than bewilder the average countryman. This vortex is practically the center of the retail dry-goods trade and is usually crowded by the fair sex seeking at extraordinary trouble and some cost that dearest delight of the female shopper, "a bargain." Special Trade Districts. — Visitors desiring to inspect or purchase any special line of articles, and wishing to have an oppor- tunity for wide selection, should consult the closing pages of the Business Directory, where the addresses and specialties of dealers are given under their appropriate heads. A few hints as to where to look for the commoner divisions of trade may be serviceable to the reader. Art works and pictures — to begin at the head of the alphabet — are mainly to be seen on Wabash Avenue, below Van Buren Street. Abbott's, 50 Madison Street, and O'Brien's, 208 Wabash Avenue, are representative houses. Painters' materials may be bought on State Street at several stores in the retail center, and at Abbott's. Books are in the same district, and may be found at Bren- tano's, 204 Wabash Avenue; A.C. McClurg & Co., Wabash Avenue and Madison Street; Chas. McDonald, 55 Washington Street; C. W. Curry, 1S1 Madison Street, and many other stores. Canary birds and pet animals are numerous at K iempfer's, 169 Madison Street. For carpets go to Marshall Field & Co., Mandel's, and A. H. Revell & Co., Adams Street and Wabash Avenue, and to the great dry-goods and furniture stores. For china, glass, and similar ware, Burley & Co., 77 State Street, and Pitkin & Brooks, 58 Lake Street, and the generally various department stores. Clothing stores and tailors are scattered everywhere. Chinese THE HERALD BUILDING, 154 WASHINGTON STREET, (TO) SUGGESTIONS AS TO SHOPPING. 71 wares can be found on Clark Street, and Japanese, at Hayes & Tracey, 220 Wabash Avenue. Dressmakers are scattered over the town, the leading department stores having dressmaking de- partments, and the exclusive and correspondingly high-priced modistes being, as a rule, located on Michigan Avenue, between Congress and Sixteenth streets. Redfern, the well-known En- glish ladies' tailor, is located at 1702 Michigan Avenue. The wholesale dry-goods district is practically represented by Fifth Avenue and Market Street. Drug stores are everywhere, and are always conspicuous. The wholesale drug district is largely on Lake Street. The wholesale tobacco, oil, and metal trades are to be found mainly on Wabash Avenue and Lake Street, while the wholesale grocers congregate on River, Water, and Lake streets. Fishing-tackle and sportsmen's outfits may be obtained at A. G. Spaulding & Bros., 108 Madison Street; Von Lengerke & Antoine, 246 Wa- bash Avenue, and several other stores along State Street and Wabash Avenue. ¥ ox fire-arms go to Henry Sears Company, 110 Wabash Avenue, or Thorsen & Cassady, 60 Wabash Avenue. For jewelry, silverware, watches, and all such goods, visit such establishments as J. B. Chambers & Co., Madison and Clark streets; Giles Bros., Masonic Temple; Peacock's, Randolph and State streets, and Spaulding's, corner Jackson and State streets. Implements for lawn tennis, base-ball, and all out-door games and sports can be had at stores dealing in sportsmen's goods, while lumber is stacked in mountain piles in the lumber districts of the city. leather at wholesale is to be found principally on Kin- zie Street. For millinery of the highest kind go to the retail shopping center; such stores as Marshall Field & Co., Mandel Bros., Louise et Cie, 48 Monroe Street, will supply every feminine fancy. Musical instruments are purchased at Lyon & Healy's, corner State and Monroe streets, and other music stores, chiefly congregated on Wabash Avenue. For notions and fancy goods, search State Street from Randolph to Van Buren, with the cross streets, and you will not search in vain. Optical instruments are to be found in endless variety at L. Manasse, 88 Madison Street and the Mackintosh Battery & Optical Co., 143 Wabash Avenue. Paper and stationery are to be found in great variety at A. C. 72 HANDY GUIDE TO CHICACfO. McClurg & Co.'s, corner Wabash Avenue and Madison Street; Brentano's, 204 Wabash Avenue; Dun well & Ford's, 155 Wabash Avenue, and the various department stores. Maps and guides can be bought at Rand, McNally& Co.'s, 166 to 174 Adams Street. Pawnbrokers and junk shops abound on Clark and State streets, but they are scattered all over the poorer parts of the city. Pot- tery wares of all kinds, and especially imported ceramic goods, are to be found at retail in the principal department stores in the shopping center. For pipes, amber, and smokers' articles go to Hoffman, 185 Madison Street. Toys are best bought at E. F. Schwarz & Bros., 231 State Street, and in the department stores. This list might, of course, be greatly extended, but it seems hardly necessary. Chicagoans know where to go to get special things at reduced rates, or of particularly good quality, and your town acquaintances can give you more hints in fifteen minutes than a book could tell you in as many pages. The services of a guide from the Women's Directory, Purchasing and Chaperoning Society can be obtained by strangers, at a moderate rate, at 26 Van Buren Street. VII. THE PARKS, BOULEVARDS, AND SQUARES OF CHICAGO. It is to the broad acres of its parks, its beautiful and artistic abundance of boulevards, that Chicago owes one of her adulatory appellations, "The Garden City." The parks and driveways aggregate 3,290 acres, while the boulevards already completed are nearly 100 miles in total length. The following parks and public squares are situated within the city limits: Acres. Jefferson Park 5.05 Lake Front Park 41 Lincoln Park*. 250 Logan Square 4.25 Midway Plaisance 80 Oak Park 25 Shedd's Park 1 Union Park T 4-Q3 Acres Aldine Square 1.44 Campbell Park .05 Congress Park .07 Dearborn Park 1.43 Douglas Park J79-79 Douglas Monument Sq. 2.02 Ellis Park 3.38 Gage Park 20 Garfield Park 185 87 Green Bay Park .25 Groveland Park 3.04 Holstein Park. ....... 2.03 Humboldt Park 200 62 Jackson Park 586 The boulevard system is intended to connect the parks by a continuous chain of magnificent driveways circling the city with a band of excellent roads, bordered with trees, metaled to the high- est excellence for driving, and edged with cool green lawns on either side. The park systems, with adjacent boulevards, are under the control of three sets of commissioners, one for each of the three divisions of the city; a small but most excellent, court- (73) Union Square Vernon Park Washington Park. . Washington Square. Wicker Park Woodlawn Park. . . .05 4 371 2.25 4 3.86 ?4 BANDY GUIDE TO CHICAGO. eous, and efficient police force, clothed in gray, being appointed to preserve order., and by the use of mounted men to regulate traffic and stop furious driving. A brief description of the principal parks, and a notice of their most prominent features, must suffice for the confined space available in the present work. The Lake Front Park, with an area of forty-one acres, is a narrow strip of land lying between the Michigan Avenue Boule- vard and Lake Michigan, or rather the Illinois Central Railroad tracks, and bounded north and south by Randolph Street and Park Row, respectively. It was until recently much neglected, and the nightly and daily haunt of Weary Raggles, with his woe-begone, malodorous, and work-avoiding confreres, who daily loafed and nightly laid in repo e on the benches and greensward, to the intense disgust of the residents along the Lake Front. However, as the control of the Lake Front Park was turned over to the World's Columbian Exposition for purposes incidental to the Exposition, a change has come over the spirit of the scene. Lawns formerly decorated with dirty loafers are now verdant and trimmed, while the cheap lodging-houses profit by the closing of a cheaper competitor. Docks for the excursion steamer traffic to the World's Fair are in course of con- struction, including a viaduct over that eyesore of the city, the railroad track. A statue of Columbus is also to be erected in the park. Proceeding southward, the south parks are approached by the most beautiful boulevard in the city, Michigan Avenue. Starting from the Leland Hotel, the visitor passes the Auditorium Building and the Chicago Club on the right, the latter at the corner of Van Buren Street. On his left, the green expanse of Lake Park stretches out almost to the edge of the lake, from which it is sepa- rated only by the track of the Illinois Central Railroad. Away out are the lighthouse, the breakwaters, and crib, and the surface of the lake is dotted with the white sails of innumerable craft. The castellated Armory of the First Regiment is seen at the corner of Sixteenth Street; and on Michigan and Prairie avenues, the latter two blocks east, south of Sixteenth Street, the domestic architecture of Chicago is observed at its best. Every available (75) 7<5 HANDY GUIDE TO CHICAGO. material, from wood, brick, sandstone, and limestone, to granite, marble, terra cotta, has been employed, and wrought up into forms of beauty hardly less creditable to the merchant prince who could appreciate than to the architect who could design them. On the northeast corner of Michigan Avenue and Twen- tieth Street has been erected a magnificent house for the Calu- met Club. It is in the Queen Anne style, and cost, with the ground and furniture, about a quarter of a million dollars. On the northwest corner stands the handsome edifice of the Second Presbyterian Society. One block east and south are the First Presbyterian Church and the Synagogue of the Sinai Congregation. Two blocks west, at 2020 State Street, are the headquarters of the City (Cable) Railway Company, where is exerted the force which propels, through many miles of streets, the hundreds of cable cars which the visitor sees gliding rapidly along. At Twenty-third Street, Im- manuel (Baptist) Church, on the right, and the Church of the Messiah (Unitarian), on the left, are passed. Near Twenty-fourth Street are Christ (Episcopal Reformed) Church and the Moseley Grammar School. Between Twenty-fifth and Twenty-sixth streets, on the east side, is Plymouth (Congregational) Church, a fine edifice; and at the southeast corner of the latter, Trinity (Episcopal) Church, a neat, double-turreted Gothic structure. At the foot of Thirty fifth Street Douglas Monument is to be found. Having pursued his way to Thirty-ninth Street (Oakwood Boulevard), where he enters the township of Hyde Park, the visitor will proceed to Washington Park (formerly known as the west division of the South Park), by Drexel Fountain. PARKS, BOULEVARDS, AND SQUARES. 77 Drexel Boulevard. This magnificent drive, which is 200 feet wide throughout, and \\ miles in length, is laid out after the model of the celebrated Avenue de lTmperatrice, in Paris. Parallel with it, five blocks west, runs Grand Boulevard, by which the return journey may be made. An immense amount of money has been expended on the two south parks, Washington and Jackson, and, as far as completed, they are delightful pleasure resorts; the former, which contains one of the largest unbroken lawns in the world and also a fine conservatory, being not unlike the famous Kew Gardens, near London. It may be mentioned that the cable railway extends from Oakwood Boulevard south to Fifty-fifth Street, along which a connecting line runs east to near the north end of Jackson Park. Fifty-fifth Street, for 4^ miles west of Washington Park, has been laid out as part of the encircling system, and given the name of Garfield Boulevard. It is an almost perfect drive, and its exten- sion northward will be completed soon. Washington and Jackson parks, containing respectively 371 and 586 acres, are connected by Midway Plaisance with a superficial area of another eighty acres. Washington Park -.is bounded on the north by Fifty-first Street, east by Cottage Grove Avenue, south by Sixtieth Street, and on the west by South Park Avenue, a prolongation of Grand Boule- vard. Jackson Park, now so noticeable as the site of the World's Columbian Exposition, is bounded north by Fifty-sixth Street, east by Lake Michigan, south by Sixty-seventh Street, and west by Stony Island Avenue. Its form is that of an irregular square, growing gradually larger toward the sotfithern end. To reach the parks, the cable cars on Cottage Grove Avenue, on Wabash Ave- nue, and those on State Street may be used to land the visitor in close proximity, while the Illinois Central Railroad (fare 25 cents round trip) and South Side Elevated Road (single fare 5 cents) are more expeditious methods of traveling. Brief, indeed, must the mention be of the prominent features of the park system of Chicago. Volumes could be written of the verdant groves and well kept lawns, but the limits of the pres- ent work forbid. Jackson Park and Midway Plaisance, being entirely given over to the buildings and grounds of the Exposition, will be (78) PARKS, BOULEVARDS, AND SQUARES. 79 found separately described in an appropriate chapter. See Chapter XIX. In Washing' „rk the principal points of interest are the ball grounds, the retreat, a small menagerie, the artificial lake, the magnificent flower beds, and the water-lily ponds. Douglas Park, containing 179.79 acres, is connected with Garfield Park by the Douglas Boulevard. It extends on the north to Twelfth Street, on the east lo California Avenue, on the south to Nineteenth Street, and on the west to Albany Avenue. The park is another of the prairie parks, situated beyond the built-up streets of the city, on the open plain, free to all breezes from any direction. Though comparatively small, it is a beautiful and popular park, and is especially notable as the spot selected by the Chinese of Chicago for their annual "Festival of the Kites," which is religiously observed with each returning August. Eleven acres of the park are covered by a picturesque lake, fed with the mineral water of an artesian well, gushing out in a romantic grotto. The water is medicinal, with properties similar to those of Gar- field and Humboldt parks. A notable feature of this park is the immense conservatory, which annually furnishes 60,000 plants for transplanting. * Douglas Park is reached by the Twelfth Street cars, which run on Randolph Street to Fifth Avenue; by the Ogden Avenue cars, which run on Madison Street, and by the local trains of the Chicago, Burlington & Quincy Railroad, which stop at Douglas Park Station. The depot is the Union, at Canal and Adams streets. The Chicago Passenger Railway Company's tracks have been extended to Douglas Park, via Western Avenue and Twelfth Street. The driving route is along Washington Boulevard to Garfield Park, thence to Douglas Park by the Douglas Boulevard. Garfield Park is reached by passing north along i| miles of boulevard, and contains 185.87 acres. It is the most westerly of the park system, and is bounded on the north by Kinzie Street, east by Central Park Avenue, south by Colorado Avenue, and west by Hamlin Street. The principal features are the seventeen acres of ornamental water, the Humane Society's drinking trough, and a mineral and medicinal spring. The park is reached by 8o 1IAXDY GUIDE TO CHICAGO. Madison Street (Fortieth) cars, or by local trains of the C. & N.-W. R. R. (from the Wells and Kinzie Street depot). Humboldt Park, 200.62 acres, with a fine lake and choice flower gardens, is the most northerly park on the West Side. It is remarkable as the most elevated of all the Chicago parks. Lincoln Park, 250 acres — bounded on the south by North Avenue, west by North Clark Street, North Park Avenue, and Lake View Avenue — is reached by the North Side cable road, or by steam- boat in the summer months from the foot of Van Buren Street. It is, possibly, the most beautiful of all the parks, and certainly the Lake Stockton, Lincoln Park. most interesting in special features, the principal items of interest being the life-size statue of Abraham Lincoln and the equestrian monument of Gen. U. S. Grant, overlooking Lake Michigan. As to the latter, within two hours of the death, on July 23, 1885, of the hero of Appomatox and Vicksburg, Mr. Potter Palmer had started the memorial fund by promising $5,000, and within four days $42,000 was subscribed, the total reaching $65,000 within one year. The sculptor was Louis T. Rebisso, an Italian exile, and after some defective castings the completed monument was PARKS, BOULEVARDS, AND SQUARES. 81 unveiled with imposing ceremonies, on Wednesday, October 7, 1891, in the presence of a parade of over 8,500 military and civic organizations, with over 150,000 individual spectators. The statue is 18 feet 3 inches in hei ht, and is the largest casting ever attempted in this country. It was struck by lightning on the evening of the 16th of June, 1892, during a severe thunderstorm, and some thirty persons sheltering in the corridor beneath it were stunned and felled to the ground, three being killed and several severely injured. The statue and pedestal were, however, sub- jected to very trivial damage. The La Salle Monument, erected in 1889, near the lake; a group of relics of the fire; the Ottawa Indian Monument; a lake, and a well stocked menagerie, near by, are well worth inspect- ing. Statues of Linnaeus and Frederick Von Schiller, water-lily ponds, and a beautiful electric fountain, the gift of Mr. C. T. Yerkes, which is operated 8-9 P. M. every pleasant evening in summer, are items which only require to be seen to be appreciated. The Lake Shore Drive and the view of Lake Michigan therefrom deserve a visit, as well as the two sphinxes at Garfield Avenue entrance; these, some over-modest Park Commissioners once clad in iron sheets until ridicule removed the vesture. * In the summer months open-air musical performances are regularly given on certain advertised evenings in the principal parks, during suitable weather. It is a sight worthy of more than one visit. Particulars appear in the daily press. THE PULLMAN BUILDING. (82) VIII. A TOUR OF THE CITY. What is the best route to take for a day's tour of the heart of Chicago? This is a question that might be debated a long time and yet pass without a satisfactory answer. In the first place, even excluding all the sights dealt with at length in other chap- ters, such as the harbor, the parks, the theaters, etc., it would be a huge day of hard work to attempt to inspect one-half of the remaining features of Chicago. It is, therefore, proposed here merely to describe the principal buildings interesting to the average visitor and not to be found described in detail in other portions of this guide, assisting his search for*any other special features by a list of the remainder, aided as he will be by the ample index to be found at the end of this book. Streets and Bui/dings. Commercial Buildings. — With its wide streets rectangularly laid out, and its level surface, the business section of Chicago, crowded with buildings that are simply magnificent in proportion and design, presents an appearance of age and stability that makes the brevity of its history seem almost fabulous. Within the space comprised between the Chicago River on the north and west, Har- rison Street on the south, and the lake on the east, there is a col- lection of mercantile buildings, probably unsurpassed, in an equal area, at any other place on the globe. The visitor is bewildered at the wonderful perspective of massive fac;ades; and if he chance to be returning after an absence of but a few years, his astonish- ment at the marvelous transformation will be boundless. Clustered around the Board of Trade are the Rialto, Central, Rookery. Royal Insurance, Phoenix Insurance. Counselman, Calumet, Mailer, and 84 HANDY GUIDE TO CHICAGO. other office buildings; and within a few squares many more equally imposing — the Montauk Block and the First National Bank Build- ing, at Monroe and Dearborn streets; the Auditorium, containing the United States signal station, at Michigan Avenue and Con- gress Street; Adams Express Building, 185 Dearborn Street; the gigantic Pullman Building, at the corner of Adams Street and Michigan Avenue; the Masonic Temple, corner of State and Randolph streets; the Monadnock and Kearsarge Building, on Jackson and Van Buren streets, and the magnificent Studebaker Building, on Michigan Avenue, south of Van Buren Street. These structures have all been planned and erected on a most generous scale. The principal type of architecture is the Romanesque or Round-arch Gothic, and the materials vary from brick, terra cotta, and iron to brown stone, marble, and granite. Among them, the following will repay more than a cursory examination: The Rand-McNally Building, located at 160-174 Adams Street, has a frontage of 149 feet on Adams Street, and 166 feet back to Quincy. The fact that this building was the first steel structure erected in Chicago makes it of peculiar interest. It is ten stories in height. The two fronts and the interior are fire- proofed, the former with terra cotta, the latter with fire-clay, leav- ing no part of the steel exposed. The building is a model in size, durability, and convenience, and is absolutely fire-proof. The publishing and printing house of Rand, McNally & Co. started in 1856. Since then the growth of its business has been steady and phenomenal. This growth has necessitated several removals and enlargements of quarters. In the present location, however, ample provisions have been made for future expansion. The Rookery Building, occupying the block bounded by Adams, La Salle, and Quincy streets, and Rookery Place. It is 170 x 180 feet, and eleven stories high, built of syenite granite up to the third story, and the rest of brown brick and terra cotta, in the Romanesque style. Marshall Field & Co.'s Buildings. — The wholesale and retail departments of this well-known firm occupy separate build- ings. The wholesale warehouse, a magnificent structure, covers the entire square bounded by Fifth Avenue, Adams, Quincy, and Franklin streets, It is built of granite and brown, stone. Within 3 A 'TO UK OF THE CITY. 35 the building is divided into three sections by two parallel fire- walls, extending from front to rear. The entrance-way admits one into the center section, an immense room, about 175 feet square, occupied by the executive departments. On the side of the passage-way is the counting room, with its numerous depart- ments, and its clerical force of 190 men; and the various private rooms of the executive heads. On the other are the general sales- men and their assistants. Within the walls there are 1,700 men em- The Rana- ;Mdily builui ployed in thirty-four departments. There are eight floors, each of which has an area of nearly ii acres, a total of nearly twelve acres of floor space. From this establishment every week is sent forth an average of nearly $700,000 worth of merchandise. The structure occupied by the retail department is located on the corner of State and Washington streets. The present premises have a frontage of 260 feet on State Street and 150 feet on Washington Street, 86 HANDY GUIDE TO CHICAGO. with a height of seven floors in the main structure and six in those adjoining, giving a total floor space of about six acres. The interior of the main building is pure white, and is lighted by a great central open quadrangle or skylight. About the four sides of this quad- rangle, on the second floor, is a pretty resting-place, where women may indite their notes, exchange pleasant chat, or rest after the fatigue of shopping. Another unique feature is the women's tea- room. This dainty apaitment is situated on an upper floor, entirely isolated from the rest of the establishment. The cuisine is perfect. The service is quiet and elegant. Here nearly 1,500 people are daily served. The Insurance Exchange Building, which occupies the block on La Salle Street between Adams and Quincy streets, is 66 x 170 feet, and ten stories high. The first story is built of blue Bedford limestone, the superstructure being of brick and terracotta. There are three elevators, with provision for three more, if required. J. V. Farwell & Co.'s Building, on Market Street between Monroe and Adams streets, is of similar interest. It includes the entire block bounded on three sides by the streets just named, and on the fourth by the river. Its dimensions are 400 feet (on Market Street) by 275 feet deep, and it contains six stories and two basements. The materials of which it is constructed are iron and red pressed brick. The cost was $1,000,000. J. V. Farwell & Co., wholesale dry-goods merchants, occupy the largest portion of the building, though the Market Street front is occupied by a row of stores which are rented to other firms. The Rialto Building fronts on Sherman and Van Buren streets and Pacific Avenue, and extends north to the alley separat- ing it from the Board of Trade Building. The dimensions are 145x175 feet, and it is nine stories high. The cost of the building was about $700,000. The Home Insurance Building is located on the northeast corner of La Salle and Adams streets. It is ten stories high, and covers a ground space of 14,000 square feet. The cost of erection was about $800,000. The Phoenix Insurance Building fronts on Pacific Avenue facing the Board of Trade Building, Jackson Street facing the Grand Pacific Hotel, and Clark Street. It covers a ground space A TOUR OF THE CTTY. ?7 50x214 feet, and contains ten stories, of which the uppermost is twenty-two feet in height. The lower three stories are built of Vert Island brown stone, and the balance of red pressed brick and terra cotta, while the claim is that it contains one of the hand- somest interiors, among buildings of its class, in the United States. It is finished throughout with mahogany, and all offices have mar- ble bases, while all halls and stairways are made entirely of white The Rookery Building. marble, the latter being fitted with bronze rails. In this building are to be found the General Western Offices of the Phoenix Insur- ance Company, occupying the entire top floor. They cover a floor space of 50x210 feet, and are twenty-two feet high, the entire area being a clear space, uninterrupted by columns or par- titions, and the interior view afforded is notable among the com- mercial offices of the country. The cost of the building was about $700,000. 7 88 HANDY GUIDE TO CHICAGO. Siegel, Cooper & Co. — The magnificent structure now occu. pied by this firm was erected from the designs of W. L. B. Jenney, in 1892, and is the largest store in the world used for retail pur- poses. It stands on State Street, and extends from Van Buren to Congress streets, being 402 feet in length by 143 feet in depth, and is i33ifeet in height, divided into eight stories, basement, and attic. The material used is a steel and iron combination, thoroughly fire- proofed, the street fronts being of a very light, warm gray granite, from Kearsarge Mountain, near North Conway, New Hampshire. The floors are of fire-proof tile arches, tested to several times the load that can possibly come upon them. The concern of Siegel, Cooper & Co. is incorporated under the laws of Illinois, and is, therefore, a stock company. The business of the house is divided into sixty-one departments, covering every conceivable commod- ity in small wares and dry goods. A small army of employes, 1,800 in all, is required to minister to the wants of customers who daily throng the spacious floors of the building, which, in all, comprise nearly 600,000 square feet, or about 15 acres, exceeding by 100,000 square feet the floor space of the Bon Marche" in Paris, which, hitherto, has been reputed the largest retail store in the world. The Pullman Building, at the corner of Michigan Avenue and Adams Street, besides being one of the largest and handsomest office buildings in the city, is an object of interest as the official headquarters and home of. the world-famous Pullman Palace Car Company. As everyone knows, this corporation is a very young one; and yet, within the few years of its existence, it has taken a permanent position among the conveniences and comforts of civ- ilization. In the United States, Canada, and Mexico its cars are run regularly over 70,000 miles of railroad, while in England and Europe some twenty-four through lines have adopted the cars, a marked improvement on the old system. The Unity Building is an office building located on the east side of Dearborn Street, between Washington and Randolph streets. It is sixteen stories high, is fire-proof, and cost about $1,000,000. The main frame-work of the building is built of iron* and steel, and is so arranged as to make the very best construction Of the outer walls, the lower two and one- half stories are of Bay . A TOUR OF Tin-: CITY. &9 of Fundy red granite, and the remainder are of the finest quality of buff-colored pressed brick and terra cotta. All the floors are constructed of strong tile arches, supported by steel beams. The partitions are of hollow tile and crystalline glass. The floors in the office are of hard wood. The halls are lined with white Italian The Unity Building. marble, and have mosaic and ornamental tile floors. The wood trimmings in the offices are of antique oak. The stairway is of steel, with marble treads. The Ashland Block is situated on the northeast corner of Clark and Randolph streets. The floors are made of heaw tile go HANDY GUIDE TO CHICAGO. arches, and are covered with a maple-finished floor, except in the hails and entrances, where the handsome marble and mosaic floors are expensive and artistic enough to suit the most fastidious taste. The Herald Building, the home of the Chicago Herald, is not only a completely fitted newspaper office, but a magnificent struct- ure as well. Solidly built, elegant in interior appointments, and replete with all the modern conveniences, it is a feature in urban architecture. The building is located at 154-158 Washington street. Its height is 124 feet. The facade of this massive struct- ure is beautiful in outline, and the architecture may be termed the Norman Renaissance, with Gothic details. The base of the building is of red granite and the elevation of terra cotta. The interior is finished in magnificent style. Sienna marble columns support an arched ceiling, embossed and finished in tints of ivory and gold, which are in beautiful harmony with the arabesque work on the walls. The floor is of Italian mosaic. About 200 incan- descent lamps and thirty arc lights are used to illuminate the ground floor. The Schiller was erected by the German Opera House Com- pany at a cost of $700,000. The purpose of ihe formation of the corporation was the construction and maintenance of a first-class fire-proof theater building for the production of plays in the Germ-n and English tongues, besides providing smaller halls and club rooms. Besides the theater and halls, there are also 204 offices, two stores, and a large restaurant. The building is built of gray stone, and is beautiful and imposing. The Schiller is located on Randolph Street between Clark and Dearborn streets. The Masonic Temple is located on the northeast co ner of State and Randolph streets. It is probably the highest offi e building in the world. The main entrance is beautiful and im- posing. A twelve-foot corridor runs, on every floor, around the interior of the building. The Temple is twenty stories high. The first sixteen stories are used for office and store purposes. The seventeenth and eighteenth stories are used by the Masonic fraternity. See Chapter XIV. The Temple, corner of La Salle and Monroe streets, was erected by the Woman's Temperance Building Association. The building is one of the most magnificent exhibits of architecture in A TOUR OF THE CITY. 91 the city. It has a frontage of 190 feet on La Salle Street, and is ninety-six feet deep. The building cost $1,100,000, and the ground site has an equal valuation. The first two stories are faced with rich red granite; the remaining stories with red brick JBSBSHBSWk SSI Si Sill 311 |F \m The Title & Trust Building. to correspond. The architecture of the building is French Gothic. The building itself consists of two wings united by a narrow middle portion called the vinculum. Large courts admit light and air. The La Salle Street front is made continuous to a lofty 92 HAttDY GUIDE TO CHICAGO. stone arch which forms the main entrance. The four corners presented to La Salle Street have a rounded turret treatment, and the intermediate windows in front of each wing are grouped under a broad arch in the next story. The steep roof is broken into terraces, marking the three stories above the cornices. The Title & Trust Building, located at 98-102 Washington Street, is a magnificent structure, seventeen stories in height, built from plans made by Henry Ives Cobb, architect. The cost of the building and ground was $1,300,000, both being the prop- erty of the Chicago Title & Trust Company, a corporation cap- italized at $1,500,000. The following list of the principal office buildings, with their location, will be found useful: PRINCIPAL OFFICE BUILDINGS. Adams Express, 185 Dearborn Street. A Her ton, South Water Street near State Street. American Express, 72 and 74 Monroe Street. A. H. Andrews 6° Co. , 215 Wabash Avenue. Andrews, 155 La Salle Street. Ashland, Clark and Randolph streets. Arcade, 156-164 Clark Street. Atlas, 45-61 Wabash Avenue. Athenaum, 12 and 14 Van Buren Street. Auditorium , Congress Street and Wabash Avenue Ayers, 166-172 State Street. BaUhelder, Clark and Randolph streets. Bay State, State and Randolph streets. Board of Trade, La .Salle and Jackson streets. Bonfield, 199 Randolph Street. Borden, Randolph and Dearborn streets. Bort, 17-21 Quincy Street. Boyce, 112 and 114 Dearborn Street. Boylston, ib^-ib^ Dearborn Street. Brother Jonathan, 4 Sherman Street. Bryan, 160-174 La Salle Street. Calumet, 187-191 La Salle Street. Caxton, 328 Dearborn Street. Central Manufacturing , 74-88 Market Street. Central Music Hall, State and Randolph streets. Central Union, 277 Madison Street. Ceylon, Wabash Avenue and Lake Street. Chamber of Commerce, Washington and La Salle streets. Chemical Bank, 87 Dearborn Street. A TOUR OF THE CITY. 93 Chicago Opera House, Clark and Washington streets. Chickering Music Hall, 239 Wabash Avenue. Cisco, 84 and 86 Washington Street. Citizens Bank, 119 and 121 La Salle Street. City Hall, Washington and La Salle streets. Cobbs, 124 and 126 Dearborn Street. Columbus, State and Washington streets. Commerce, 14 and 16 Pacific Avenue. Commercial National Bank, Monroe and Dearborn streets. Como, 325 Dearborn Street. Counselman, La Salle and Jackson streets. Court House, Washington and Clark streets. Crilly &° Blair, 171 Dearborn Street. Criminal Court, Michigan Street and Dearborn Avenue. Custom House, Clark and Adams streets. Dale, 308 Dearborn Street. Davison, 153 Fifth Avenue. De Soto, 146 Madison Street. Dexter, 76 Adams Street. Dickey, 46 Dearborn Street. Donahue 6f Henneberry, 407 Dearborn Street. Dore, State and Madison streets. Drake, Wabash Avenue and Washington Street. Dyche, State and Randolph streets. Ely, Wabash Avenue and Monroe Street. » Empire, 130 La Salle Street. Equitable, 1 10 Dearborn Street. Evening Journal, 161 Dearborn Street. Evening Post, 164 and 166 Washington Street. Exchange, Van Buren Street and Pacific Avenue. Fairbanks, Wabash Avenue and Randolph Street. First National Bank, Dearborn and Monroe streets. Foote, Clark and Monroe streets. Forbes, 193 Washington Street. Franklin, 349 Dearborn Street. Fry, 84 and 86 La Salle Street. Fuller, 148 and 156 Dearborn Street. Fullerton, 94 and 96 Dearborn Street. Gaff, 230 La Salle Street. Girard, 296 Dearborn Street. Greenebaum , 72 Fifth Avenue. Grocers, 29-43 Wabash Avenue. Hale, vState and Washington streets. Hampshire, La Salle and Monroe streets. Hansen, 1 16 Dearborn Street. Harding, 155 Washington Street. Hawley, 134 Dearborn Street. He nning dr 5 Speed, 121 Dearborn Street. 94 HANDY GUIDE TO CHICAGO. Herald, 1 54 Washington Street. Hobbs, 95 Washington Street. Holt, 165 Washington Street. Holbrook, 215 Wabash Avenue. Home Insurance, La Salle and Adams streets. Honore, 204 Dearborn Street. Howland, 192 Dearborn Street. Hyman, 146 South Water Street. Illinois Bank, 117 Dearborn Street. Imperial, 252 Clark Street. Ingals, 1 90 v. lark Street. Insurance Exchange, La Salle and Adams streets. Inter-Ocean, Dearborn and Madison streets. Jarvis, 124 Clark Street. John Jones, 119 Dearborn Street. Katahdin, Dearborn Street, near Van Buren Street, Kedzie, 120 and 122 Randolph Street. Kearsarge, Dearborn and Jackson streets. Kent Block, 151 Monroe Street. Kent Building, 12 Sherman Street. Kenhuky, 195-203 Clark Street. Kimball Hall, 243-253 Wabash Avenue. Kingsbury, 1 15 Randolph Street. King, 85 Washington Street. Lakeside, Clark and Adams streets. La Fayette, 70 La Salle Street. La Salle, La Salle and Madison streets. Ltnox, 88 and 90 Washington Street. Lind, Randolph and Market streets. Lowell, 308 Dearborn Street. Lumber Exchange, South Water and Franklin streets Maior, 151 La Salle Street. Mailers, 11b and 228 La Salle Street. Manhattan, 307-321 Dearborn Street. Manieire, Madison and Dearborn streets. Marine, Lake and La Salle streets. Mason, 94 Washington Street. Masonic Temple, State and Randolph streets. McCormick, 73 Dearborn Street. McNeil 130 Clark Street. Mc Vicker's, 78-84 Madison Street. Mentor, 163 State Street. Mercantile, 1 1 2-1 i 8 La Salle Street. Merchants, La Salle and Washington streets. Methodist Church, Washington and Clark streets, Metropolitan. Randolph and La Salle streets. Monadnock, Dearborn and Jackson streets, Monon, 326 Dearborn Street. A TOUR OF THE CITY. 95 Montauk, 111-117 Monroe Street. Morrison, Clark and Madison streets. National Life, 157-163 La Salle Street. Nevada, Franklin and Washington streets. Nixon, 169-175 La Salle Street. Northern Office, Lake and La Salle streets. Open Board of Trade, 18-24 Pacific Avenue. Oriental, J 22 La Salle Street. Otis, 158 La Salle Street. Owings, 213 Dearborn Street. Oxford, 84 La Salle Street. Parker, 97 Washington Street. Phenix, 138 Jackson Street. Pontiac, Dearborn and Harrison streets. Portland, 109 Dearborn Street. Post Office, Clark and Adams streets. Potwin, 126 Washington Street. Powers, Madison Street and Michigan Avenue. Pullman, Adams Street and Michigan Avenue. Purington, 304 Wabash Avenue. Quincy, Clark and Adams streets. Quintan, 81 and 83 Clark Street. Rand, McNally &> Co., 160-174 Adams Street. Rawson, 70-74 Dearborn Street. Real Estate Board, 59 Dearborn Street. * Reaper, Washington and Clark streets. Riallo, Sherman and Van Buren streets. Rookery, Adams and La Salle streets. Royal Insurance, 165 Jackson Street. Ryerson, 49 Randolph Street. St. Marys, Madison Street and Wabash Avenue. Safe, 51-55 Dearborn Street. San Diego, Wabash Avenue and River Street. Schiller, Randolph Street, between Clark and Dearborn streets. Scliloesscr, La Salle and Adams streets. Sears, 99 and 101 Washington Street. Security, Fifth Avenue and Madison Street. Shepherd, Madison Street, near Fifth Avenue. Shreve, 93 Washington Street. Sibley, 2-16 North Clark Street. Staals Zeitung, 99 Fifth Avenue. Stock Exchange, 171 Dearborn Street. Stewart, State and Washington streets. Stevens' Art, 24 and 26 Adams Street. Superior, 77 and 79 Clark Street. Syracuse, 173 Randolph Street. Tacoma, La Salle and Madison streets, Taylor % 140 Monroe Street, Qf> HANDY GUIDE TO CHICAGO. Telephone, 203 Washington Street. Temple Court, 225 Dearborn Street. Teutonia, Fifth Avenue and Washington Street. Times, Fifth Avenue and Washington Street. Title h? Trust, 98-102 Washington Street. Tobey, 243 State Street. Traders, 6-12 Pacific Avenue. Trayner, 182 State Street. Tribune, Dearborn and Madison streets. Union, Washington and La Salle streets. Unity, 75-81 Dearborn Street. U. S. Express, 87 Washington Street. University Club, 116 and 118 Dearborn Street. Vermont, 155 Fifth Avenue. Venetian, 34 and 36 Washington Street. Wads^orth, 181 Madison Street. Watson, 123 La Salle Street. Washington, no Fifth Avenue. Western Bank Note, Michigan Avenue and Madison Street. Wheeler, 6 and 8 Sherman Street. Williams, 87 Dearborn Street. Willou^hby, Franklin and Jackson streets. W. C. T. U. Temple, La Salle and Monroe streets. Y.'M. C. A., La Salle Street, between Madison and Monroe streets. Marshall Field & Co.'s Wholesale Building, Fifth Avenue and Adams Street A TOUR OF THE CITY. 97 The Banks. On May 17, 1892, twenty-four National banks were doing business ii Chicago. The total amount of their capital and surplus was $35,304,652. They held deposits amounting to $143,408,951, and the amount of their commercial loans was $102,421,765. At the head of these great financial concerns stands the First National Bank, lately removed into a new and magnificent building on the northwest corner of Dearborn and Monroe streets; while the Chicago National Bank, on the south- west corner of the same streets, though young, has gained an excellent reputation. Besides the National banks, numerous private banks and bankers furnish the merchants and manufact- urers of Chicago with the banking facilities they require. List of Banks. — For the convenience of visitors a full and revised list of the banks of Chicago is appended: American Exchange National Bank, Dearborn and Jackson streets. Atlas National Bank, southwest corner Washington and La Salle streets. * Bankers' National Bank, Masonic Temple, corner State and Randolph streets. Bank of Coitimerce, 188-192 La Salle Street (Woman's Tem- ple Building). Bank of Montreal, 188-192 La Salle Street (Woman's Tem- ple Building). Central Trust &° Savings Bank, corner Fifth Avenue and Washington Street. Chemical National Bank, 85 Dearborn Street. Chicago Clearing House Association, 103 Monroe Street. Chicago National Bank, southwest corner Dearborn and Monroe streets. Chicago Trust &* Savings Bank, 122 and 124 Washington Street. Columbia National Bank, northwest corner La Salle and Quincy streets. Commercial Loan £f Trust Co., 115 La Salle Street. Commercial Actional Bank, southeast corner Dearborn and Monroe streets. Continental National Bank, southwest corner La Salle and Adams streets. Co>n Exchange Bank, 217 La Salle Street (Rookery Building). G 98 HANDY GUIDE TO CHICAGO. Division Street Bank , 319 East Division Street. Drovers National Bank, 4207 South Halsted Str et. First National Bank, northwest corner Dearborn and Mon- roe streets. Fort Dearborn National Bank, 187 Dearborn Street (Adams Express Building). Hibernian Banking Association, northeast corner Clark and Randolph streets. Hide 6° Leather National Bank, southeast corner La Salle and Madison streets. Home National Bank of Chicago, 184 West Washington Street. Illinois Trust &* Savings Bank, southeast corner La Salle and Adams streets. International Bank, no La Salle Street. Merchants' 1 Loan &f Trust Co., 103 Dearborn Street. Merchants' National Bank, 80 and 82 La Salle Street. Metropolitan National Bank, 188-192 La Salle Street (Woman's Temple Building). National Bank of Ametica, 188-192 La Salle Street. National Bank of Illinois, 115 Dearborn Street. National Live Stock Bank, Union Stock Yards. Northwestern Bond & Trust Co, 175-179 Dearborn Street. Northwestern National Bank, southeast corner La Salle and Adams streets. Oakland National, 3961 Cottage Grove Avenue. Park National Bank, northwest corner Washington and Dear- born streets. Prairie State National, no West Washington Street. Union National Bank, northeast corner La Salle and Adams streets. Union Trust Company, corner Dearborn and Madison streets. SAVINGS BANKS. Chicago Trust £f Savings Bank, 122 and 1 24 Washington Street. Dime Savings Bank, 104 and 106 Washington Street. Hibernian Banking Association, northeast corner Clark and Randolph streets. Home Savings Bank of Chicago, 184 West Washington Street. Illinois Trust 6° Savings Bank, southeast corner La Salle and Adams streets. Prairie State Savings & Trust Co., 45 South Desplaines Street. Union Trust Company Savings Bank, 133 Dearborn Street. BANKERS. W. T. Richards & Co., 71 Dearborn Street. Brewster, Edward L. 6° Co. % corner Dearborn and Monroe streets. Buehler, John, northwest corner La Salle and Randolph streets, Claussenius, H. 6° Co., 82 Fifth Avenue. A TOUR OF THE CITY. 99 Dreyer, E. S. 6° Co., northeast corner Washington and Dearborn streets. Felsenthal, Gross 6° Miller, 108 La Salle Street. Foreman, H. G. &> Bros., 128 and 130 Washington Street. Harris, N. IV. & Co., 163 and 165 Dearborn Street. Kennet, Hopkins 6° Co. , Board of Trade Building. Mayer, Leopold & Son, 157 Randolph Street. Meadozvcro/t Bros., northwest corner Dearborn and Washing- ton streets. Municipal Investment Company, 164 Dearborn Street. Niehoff, C. L. &> Co., 49 La Salle Street. Peterson & Bay, corner Randolph and La Salle streets. Richard, C. B. & Co., 62 South Clark Street. Schaffner, H. &° Co., 100 and 102 Washington Street. Silverman, L., 93 and 95 Dearborn Street. Wasi7iansdorff 6° Heinemann, 145 and 147 Randolph Street. K*mi stress? --■ • PWAWM-f-H rrn MOT ' Boyce Building, 1 12-1 14 Dearborn Street. ASHLAND BLOCK, CORNER OF CLARK AND RANDOLPH STREETS, (100) IX. THE LAKE, RIVER, AND HARBOR. Lake Michigan, the second in size of the five great fresh-water lakes, and the only one lying wholly within the United States, is 320 miles long, 70 miles in mean breadth, and 1,000 feet in mean depth. It is 578 feet above sea-level, and has been found by careful and accurate observation to have a lunar tidal wave of three inches. With an area of 22,000 square miles, Lake Michigan is the third largest body of fresh water on the face of the globe. Its principal harbors are Chicago, Milwaukee, and Grand Haven. With the lower lakes and the St. Lawrence River, it forms a natural outlet for one of the richest grain-growing regions in the world. The course from Chicago to Lake Huron is 330 miles, and from the World's Fair City to Liverpool it is but 4,500 miles, over one-half of which is in inland waters, and comparatively smooth sailing. The ports of the great lakes are novel and picturesque features, their harbors differing from those of maritime cities, being often open roadsteads. Islands and land locked bays are the exception rather than the rule, while in their place long breakwaters, with costly and extensive piers, protect shipping and cargoes from sudden tempest and severe storm. Nor is Chicago different from the rule of the lake ports. Situated at the mouth of the river, the port of Chicago is con- structed of, and protected by, a series of piers and sheltering breakwaters constructed by the Federal Government at very heavy expense. The entrance to the river, as viewed from the lake, is a weird, varied scene, composed, as ii is, of a vast conglomeration of timber yards, immense elevators, huge steamships, long lines of (101) ' 102 HANDY GUIDE TO CHICAGO. freight wagons, and stacks of lumber, with a dusky background of mammoth buildings and attendant smoke nuisance. The water, covered with puffing whistling tugboats, great four-masters, and huge propellers, is murky, troubled, and turgid. At nightfall the confusion is intensified by the colored lights and hoarse steam- whistles of departing steamers. The Harbor. — The Government harbor, when completed, will include a sheltered area 16 feet in depth, covering 270 acres, with communicating slips along the lake front covering 185 acres; making a total of 455 acres; this in addition to the river, with which the outer harbor communicates. There is, also, an exterior breakwater, one-third of a mile north of the end of the north pier, so situated as to protect vessels entering the mouth of the river. The length of this outer breakwater will be 5,436 feet, of which over 4,000 feet have been completed. The north pier, measuring from the outer end of the Michigan Street slip, is 1,600 feet long, and extends 600 feet beyond the easterly breakwater, which latter, beginning at the outer end of the south pier, extends diiectly south 4,060 feet, and is distant 3,300 feet from the present shore line south of Monroe Street. A channel, 800 feet wide, intervenes between this and the north end of the southerly breakwater. This latter breakwater continues for a short distance due south, then turns at an angle of thirty degrees, and extends in a southwesterly direction to within about 1 550 feet of the present shore line, and 500 feet from the dock line. This breakwater is 3,950 feet in length. There is a lighthouse on the shore end, and a beacon light on the lake end of the north pier, and a beacon-light on the south end of the easterly breakwater. The Life Saving Station is at the lake end of the northernmost railroad wharf, directly adjoining the south pier. Boats run from the lake shore opposite Van Buren Street to the eastern breakwater during the summer months. Divided by its river into three sections, Chicago has a river frontage of 58 miles, 22^ of which are navigable, a length greater than the whole frontage of the port of Liverpool. Three hundred and thirty-nine vessels of 71,260 tons aggre- gate burden, and of a total value of $3,088,350, are owned and registered in the port of Chicago. In this connection it only remains to notice the shipping returns: In 1890, 21,054 vessels, LAKE, RIVER, AN£> HARBOR. 103 aggregating 10,288,688 tons, entered or left for the Great Lakes, a daily average of 57 vessels; in 1891, the arrivals were 10,354 coasting vessels and 153 vessels engaged in foreign trade, a total of 10,507, with a tonnage of 5,138,253. The clearances num- bered 10,235 coasting vessels and 312 vessels engaged in foreign trade, a total of 10,547, w i tn an aggregate tonnage of 5,150,615. In the month of August the arrivals averaged 56 per day, and the clearances 56. The duties collected on foreign imports amounted to $5,182,476. The lake is patrolled by six steamships of the U. S. Navy, antique in type, and valuable more as surveying vessels than any- thing else. One or more of the fleet is often at anchor off Chicago, and can be inspected by visitors by boat from the foot of Van Buren Street. The ocean steamship lines have the following agencies in the city: Allan — State Line, 112 La Salle Street. American, 88 La Salle Street. Anchor, 70 La Salle Street. Compagnie General Transatlantiqne , 166 Randolph Street. dinar d, 131 Randolph Street. Dominion, 74 La Salle Street. * Hamburg- American, 125 La Salle and 32, 2 Sherman streets. Inman, 32 Clark Street. Netherland-American, 86 La Salle Street. North German Lloyd, 80 and 82 Fifth Avenue. Red Star, 145 Randolph Street. White Star, 54 Clark Street. Lake Transportation. — The offices of the Goodrich Line are at the foot of Michigan Avenue, those of the Graham & Morton Company being at the dock at the foot of Wabash Avenue. Within the city limits (and irrespective of ornamental waters in the parks) there are three lakes, with an aggregate area of about 4,095.6 acres, made up as follows: Calumet Lake, 3,122 acres; Hyde Lake, 330.8 acres, and that portion of Wolf Lake lying within the city limits, 624.8 acres; Calumet and Wolf lakes being navigable. X. A RAMBLE AT NIGHT. A celebrated European philanthropist, who recently visited Chicago, is recorded as saying that the prevalent dirt and flagrant vice there visible exceeded everything in London, but that he had seen scarce any evidence of actual want. Chicago of a night-time is another city to Chicago by day. The business and family portion of the community being mainly housed in comparative comfort or superlative splendor in the out- skirts, it is to the pleasure-seekers, and, alas! in certain less repu- table quarters, to their parasites, that our streets are given over of an evening. In the principal streets and avenues the merry theater- goers may be seen trooping to the particular shrine of Thespis that they propose to favor, and beaming on all alike with their impartial and alluring rays stand the numerous beacon-lights of civilization, the bar-rooms. A Nocturnal Ramble. Slumming. — One of the diversions in London used to be to make up a party, secure the services of an experienced police officer — usually a detective — and visit the region of poverty and crime of the East End. That miserable precinct is called the " slums," and hence the verb. But Chicago has little to show, as yet, which resembles the narrow and intricate streets, the blind alleys, hidden courtyards, and murder-invitingjplaces along the lower Thames and in Whitechapel. "Slumming," therefore, in the London sense of the word, can not be satisfactorily carried out here, though it is certainly possible to hire a guide at some of our many private detective agencies, and to pay him to show you the (104) A RAMBLE AT NIGHT. 105 darker parts of the town at midnight. But the chances are, un- less you are hunting for an opportunity to join in with some devil- try which must hide away from the light and the law, that he will reveal to you little, if anything, more than you can see for yourself any night. As for danger — pooh! Leave at home your silk hat, diamond studs, and kid gloves, and your watch too, if it is a val- uable one; don't exhibit a roll of bills when you pay for your occa- sional glass of beer or cigar; don't be too inquisitive, and don't allow yourself to be enticed into any back-yards or dark doorways, nor up or down any stairways, by man or woman. Above all, keep quite sober, so clear-headed that you can not only take care of yourself, but that you could closely observe and subsequently identify any person who tried to do you harm. That ability is what criminals fear more than anything else; and a sober man, of ordinary appearance and tact, can go anywhere on the streets of Chicago (save, perhaps, certain remote parts of the water-front or railroad yards which nobody has a call to visit), at any hour of the night, without worrying himself a particle as to his safety. Some suggestions as to a good route for a nocturnal ramble, and the sort of things a person may expect to see, may be useful. If you are in search of evil, in order to take part in it, don't look here for guidance. This book merely proposes to give some hints as to how the dark, crowded, hard-working, and sometimes criminal portions of the city look at night. Starting, let us say, from the City Hall about 8 P. M. of any ordinary evening, the sight-seer (who will do well to hire the services of a stout private detective as a guide) may take his way along South Clark Street to observe the haunt of color and habitat of Chinamen. Huge "buck niggers " adorn the respective gin-mill doors, "oiled and curled (like) Assyrian bulls, " and absolutely guiltless of any higher mission in life than "playing de races" or "shoot- ing craps." Beware of any altercation with these elegant samples of the education, emancipation, and civilization of the negro, as the gentlemen in question, whose purple and fine linen are fre- quently provided for by the moral obliquity of an ebony Venus, are bullies pure and simple, and carry concealed, if not a revolver, certainly a razor. They are apt to exhibit a supreme contempt for 106 HANDY GUIDE TO CHICAGO. ' 'low white trash," and to demonstrate their distaste in a rather forci- ble method. South Clark Street, Custom House Place, and the locality between Van Buren and Twelfth streets have been well described as the " Bad Lands "of Chicago. Here and in similar localities, particularly Dearborn Street farther south, near Twen- tieth, and on the West Side, the Cyprian Venus is the only recog- nized deity, and the local Lais her bedraggled or bejeweled priestess. The only difference noticeable in the personality of the priestess is in the vestments; as Pope's pregnant lines so well express it: "One flaunts in rags, one flutters in brocade." Life on the Levee.— Walking on the artificial elevation of the Twelfth Street viaduct, one is at the window ledges of second stories and looks into the upper rooms of the denizens of a quarter never for a moment at rest. The lower rooms are devoted to the sale of liquor, and to inhabitants upon whom society perpetually frowns. A narrow way divides the fronts of the houses from the wall of the viaduct, and along this pavement, with open doors of brothels and liquor stores on the one hand and an impassable barrier on the other, the straggler has small chance of escape. There is a dim gas-lamp here and there along the way, though its light penetrates but weakly in the darkness of the cellar-like place. There are plush curtains before the windows and the doors are glazed. During the hours of daylight the place is still enough, but at night the rooms are lighted up with a glaring brilliancy, much better than the public walk outside, and the noise of musical instruments salutes one continually. Stories of the viaduct and that section of Clark Street generally known as "the levee" are too numerous to relate. Scarcely a night of the world but some man who thinks he knows enough to take care of himself wherever he may happen to be meets rude awakening on the levee. It is a jungle which the wise man with a regard for his " roll" keeps away from; but it must be added that it is also a jungle in the sense that it never goes out after its man. If you fall among thieves in that locality, it is because you have sought them. They are "at home " twenty-four hours of the day, but they never go off on raids and bring victims home from afar. "Bad Lands," " Niggertown," " Biler Avenue," or " Little Hell," as the locality has been variously termed ; it is the great wallowing ground of the three pet and particular vices of Chicago, gambling, drinking, and licentiousness, thrust, as all three are, to the notice of passengers by open, flaunting, and patent sign. In his message to the Council, in 1891, Mayor Washburne reviewed the matter as follows: "The suppression of public A RAMBLE AT NIGHT. 107 gambling in a great metropolis and cosmopolitan city like Chicago is a matter easier undertaken than accomplished. Until the three great inherited and inborn passions of man — licentiousness, gambling, and intoxication — have been eradicated, by education or birth, no statute laws can entirely suppress the social evil, gambling, and intemperance. When our hypocrites cease to extol their own virtues in the synagogues, and cease to foster vice in secret by leas- ing to prostitutes, gamblers, and law- breaking saloonkeepers for the sake of the increased revenues received thereby, then, and theft only, can we hope to view the millenium ; until then we can no more turn back the tide of 'man 's passion by laws than could Canute turn back the advancing ocean by his command " It is well to advise any foolish visitor, who may be tempted to encourage vice even by a passive presence, that the police and the patrol wagon, when raiding the "lair of the tiger" or otrjer die- reputable resorts, invariably carry away "the flies" as well as " the spiders." A word to the wise is sufficient; for the foolish an exemplary fine will serve. There are some people who prefer Dame Experience's costly school for every lesson. The Chinese quarter is essentially Clark vStreet south of Van Buren Street. The wonderful signs of the Celestial, almost inva- riably of white lettering on a red painted board, stare one out of countenance from every other doorway. Celestials, in the unvarying costume of their country, haunt the sidewalks, lounging much in the fashion of their occidental neighbors, but with their taper hands concealed in the flowing sleeves or under the equally flowing skirts of their wonderful coats. They come up the steep narrow stairs from the basements that carry — for revenue only — the sign of a laundryman, but which are plainly the habitat of the national bung-loo, or the equally exhaustive pastime of fan- tan. They are weary-eyed and silent, passing their countrymen without the faintest vestige of recognition, and disappearing in the quaint tea stores or tobacco stalls of the heathen. Chinese Restaurants. — A visitor desirous of curious fare and cuisine may, with advantage, call at a Chinese restaurant. That kept by Sam Moy and Hip Lung, at No. 319 Clark Street, is a fair sample. The proprietors have spent a large sum of money in fitting up the place, expecting to tickle the Chinese palate with a variety of delicacies. A large gilded sign hangs in front of the building bearing the words " Bon Hong Lou" in Chinese char- acters, which in English signifies " First-class Restaurant." 108 HANDY GUIDE TO CHICAGO. The building has been newly painted, with decorations in gilt. In the restaurant proper the floors are highly polished, the tables loaded with rare Chinese dishes, and at each cover is a pair of valua- ble ivory chop-sticks. From the center of the ceiling hangs a large chandelier, with cut-glass trimmings. In the corners hang pretty figured Chinese lanterns, and in the front part of the room stands a large clock in a hardwood case. Just off the main room is a smaller room elaborately furnished, which is reserved, the proprie- tor says, for the most distinguished guests. Six Celestial cooks are hard at work preparing a menu for the banquet. It includes such dishes as ki-an-ko, Chinese sponge-cake; chin-goiv, birds' nest soup; tong-ki and tong-up, boneless chicken and duck; and /a-mi, shrimp, ham from imported Chinese wild hog, kingfish head, and pickled bamboo roots. An Opium Joint. — Opium smoking-rooms, popularly called " joints," are hidden away in Clark Street, but it is dangerous to visit them, as the police are likely to raid them at any moment, and the consequences to every one found there are exceedingly un- pleasant. The price of "hitting the pipe" is $i. The habit has spread outside the Chinese quarter, and now "joints" exist uptown, whose patrons are wholly white men and women, who yield themselves to the pipe without any restraint of dignity or decency. The Lodging-house Section. — Clark Street drifts south through blocks of unseemly buildings and past a succession of houses, of a by no means doubtful repute; past little sheds of stores, places where lunches are sold at night and where kindlings are displayed by day, till one reaches the corner of Polk, where the old gray church of St. Peter breaks the monotony of the unpre- sentable. In time past one of the things that emphasized the feverish scenes of darkness was the chime of St. Peter's bell as dawn emerged from the east. The old church is devoted to the German persuasion, and is by no means so well attended now as it has been in the past, for this is not the country of the Teuton. This section of the city is the lodging-house part of the town. There is no neighborhood in the city, perhaps, so prolific of voters as is South Clark Street. The place is lined, among other things, with an array of " hotels " at which lodging can be had all the way A RAMBLE AT NIGHT. 109 from 50 cents to $2 a week. In the basement places, transient rates seldom reach above the trivial sum of 10 cents for a bed, and the privilege to sleep as long as one likes in the morning. There are some good places, where the better class of workingmen with- out families maintain a sort of a home. Little Italy. — The Italian population of Chicago numbers about 10,000, and is mainly settled in " The Dive," as the houses adjoining the Twelfth Street viaduct are called. Giacomo and Guiseppe, as usual, vend peanuts and bananas, or attend to the blacking of their fellow-citizens' boots. A colony of Arabs may be found round about 406 South Clark Street, while the West Side consists largely of Poles and Hun- garians, with the usual sweaters' shops; the wholesale clothing business of Chicago being about $20,000,000 per annum. In"Judea." — The poor Jews' quarter may be found at the western end of the Twelfth Street bridge and south of the Italian settlement. Socialists and Anarchists. — These gentry, who received such a salutary lesson in the execution of their leaders, may be found in seme of the beer halls of the West Side — beer, anarchy, and socialism being seemingly inseparable companions. Long- haired, of alien birth, entirely innocent of honest work or any kind of bathing, they ' ' haunt low places and herd with the ignorant, possessing just enough knowledge to be mischievous." They met their Waterloo in the Haymarket Square on that memorable 4th of May. 1886. Now, other than for occasional fatuous and lire- brand utteiances, the public would be entirely ignorant of their existence. To use a now celebrated phrase, they seem to have fallen perhaps fortunately for their fraternity) "into a state of innocuous desuetude." The Finns. — Almost lost in the population of Chicago, partly because of their quiet and virtuous ways of living, are the Finns, who number about 400. Attention has recently been drawn to this little colony because of its efforts to establish a church in which visiting Finlanders may worship during the World's Fair. The faith of these people is the Lutheran. Although the sum needed is $2,000, they have been unable to raise more than $700. They now gather every Sunday in a hall, where they are addressed by no HANDY GUIDE TO CHICAGO. professors and students of the Lutheran Seminary of Lake View. None of the Chicago Finns is a man of wealth, but all of them earn an honest living and keep the peace. Few of them speak English. No greater slight can be put on the Finn than to con" found him with a Laplander, a mistake often made. An investiga- tion fails to show that there is a single Laplander living in Chicago. Wine, Women, and Song. — A typical Concert Hall, Engel's Pavilion, can be found on North Clark Street, near Division Street (reached by North Clark Street cable car), where for the sum of 25 cents or so the visitor can hear comic songs amid libations and smoke. It is the nearest approach to the British music hall that the city boasts of, and is well patronized. Dance Halls. — By city ordinance, public dance halls where intoxicating liquor and theatrical performances take place are for- bidden within an area embracing the heart of Chicago; as a result, they are to be found in the outskirts. A good sample of this par- ticular class of amusement may be seen in full blast on Saturday or Sunday evenings at Baum's Pavilion (Twenty-second Street and Cottage Grove Avenue). Chicago's Big Army of Night Workers. A great and interesting throng that labor while others sleep are to be found by standing at Clark and Madison streets after midnight. You have no idea of the number of persons who look upon midnight as the world does upon noon. It is a vast army that toil while others sleep, and it keeps busy a great number of attendants. For the benefit of a great number of night workers, dozens of stores are kept open nights — restaurants, drug stores, and saloons. Of course these are not patronized exclusively by the all-night workers. They catch the transient trade of that big community that loves to roam about when other folks are in bed. It is a queer community — this night crowd. First comes the actor, fresh from his night's labor. He may deserve to be classed with the night worker, though he disappears at 1 or 2 o'clock. The men of the boards are followed by the men of the tables — the waiters of the big downtown restaurants, which close between A RAMBLE AT NIGHT. in 12 and i. By the time these are well on their way home come the first phalanx of the newspaper brigade — the " day " reporters for the morning papers. These linger a little and give way to the first batch of printers. The printers straggle along all through the night, for they get off in gangs, increasing as the night advances. With them, too, comes a portion of the night editorial force — the men who have remained after the departure of the reporters, to edit the work of the latter. These . all gather by ones and twos until by 4 o'clock, when the night reporters cease their labors — then the throng of printers, of editors, of reporters is a great one. They are lovers of gossip and good-fellowship, and gather in the various downtown resorts to break bread or sip a social glass previous to a tedious journey in a horse-car. These cars, by the way, are run for the benefit of the many night workers. Then comes the crowd of night ramblers — men-about-town, gamblers, thugs, drunks, and people who attend dances. All these furnish a living to the fruit venders, "hot tomales," and " red-hot " men, etc., as well as the storekeeper. The vast multitude of early risers — the dinner-pail brigade — are hurrying to their places of daily labor v/hen the last of the night workers leave for home. These are the newspaper office stereotypers and pressmen, the bakers, the telephone girls, and those who work in the all-night stores. And now across the placid surface of Michigan's bosom old Father Sol is asserting himself. " The gray dawn is awaking," banishing sleep from many a weary couch, and bringing toil to this great hive of human industry. We have been in darkest Chicago, and have seen how "the other half " lives ("very much as it pleases," the cynic will say). A bath and a breakfast will now be in order, followed by a quiet rest in bed. XI. SUNDAY AND RELIGIOUS WORK IN CHICAGO. Preaching may be heard in Chicago according to the dictates of one's own taste. The means and principal places of worship will be described below; in addition to them, irregular services may be found advertised in the newspapers, where, also, the hours of meeting and subjects of the next day's sermons are announced for many of the leading churches. Should the inclination of the reader lead him to go elsewhere than to church, he will find his range of indoor sight-seeing not necessarily restricted, since many of the museums, art galleries, or libraries are open on Sunday. Many of the theaters, properly speaking, give Sunday performances; occa- sionally some semi-sacred or benevolent entertainment is shown in the evening. The Casino, the various panoramas, and two or three other exhibitions of that sort are open. The trains of the elevated road, and horse-cars, and cable cars run as on week days — if anything, doing a larger business. Most, if not all, of the excur- sion boats, which in summer ply between Chicago and the lakeside resorts, make their ordinary trips, and these places are more crowded upon this than upon any other day of the week. It is a fact, however, that the general tone of the throng which takes its outing on Sunday is inferior to that going upon the lake or to other pleasure resorts during the week. All places for the sale of liquor are supposed to be closed by law (though not in fact, if they have a back door) during the whole Sunday twenty-four hours, and business generally is suspended; but restaurants (except in the heart of Chicago), tobacconists' stores, confectioneries, and kindred establishments keep open doors. Sunday editions are (112) RELIGIOUS WORK IN CHICAGO. 115 West Side Church, 928 West Madison. J. W. Allen, pastor. Services at 10.30 A. M. and 7.30 p. M. Englewood Church of Christ, Dickey, south of Sixty-fourth Street. N. S. Haynes, pastor. Services at 10.30 a. m. and 7 45 p. M. Church of Christ, Oakley Avenue and Jackson Street. Serv- ices, II A. M. and 7.45 P. m. North Side Church, Sheffield and Montana avenues. Services at 11 A. m. and 7.30 P. M. Garfield Park Church of Christ, Monroe and Francisco streets. J. W. Ingram, pastor. Services at 10.30 a. m. and 8 P. M. Sunday-school at 9 30 a. m. Elsmere Church, 15 Ballou Street, near North Avenue. Serv- ices at 10.30 a. m. The Colored Church of Christ, 2819 Dearborn Street. Services at 11 A. m. and 7.45 p. m. Root Street Mission, Lake Hall, near Wentworth Avenue. Sunday-school at 2.30 P. m. Ravenswood Chinch, corner of Wilson Avenue and West Ravenswood Park, Royal League Hall. Sunday-school at 3 P. m. Preaching at 4 P. M. Rosalie Mission, Rosalie Hall, Fifty-seventh Street and Rosalie Court. Preaching at 4 p. m. Congregational. — Bethany Church, Lincoln and West Su- perior streets. Services at 10.30 A. m. Covenant Church, Polk Street and Claremont Avenue. Tabernacle Church, West Indiana and Morgan streets. Lincoln Park Church, Garfield Avenue and Mohawk Street. Rev. David Beaton, pastor. Plymouth Church, Michigan Avenue, between Twenty-fifth and Twenty-sixth streets. Pilgrim Church, Harvard and Sixty-fourth streets. Rev. Albert L. Smalley, pastor. Episcopal. — Cathedral SS. Peter and Paul, Washington Boulevard and Peoria Street. Church of the Transfiguration, Forty-third Street, near Cot- tage Grove Avenue. Rev. Dr. Delafield, pastor. Church of the Epiphany, Ashland Boulevard and Adams Street. Rev. T. N. Morrison, rector. Morning service at 10.30 a. m. All Saints Church, 757 North Clark Street. Rev. Montgom- ery H. Throop, Jr., rector. Holy Eucharist at 8 A. m. Sunday- school at 9.40 A. M. Morning prayer, with sermon, at 10.45 A - M - Trinity Church, Twenty- sixth Street and Michigan Avenue. St. Peter's Church, 1737 Belmont Avenue, near Evanston Avenue. Rev. Samuel C. Edsall, rector. St. Albans Church Prairie Avenue, near Forty-fourth Street. Rev. Geo. W. Knapp, rector. Services at 10.45 a. m and S P. M. n6 HANDY GUIDE TO CHICAGO. Reformed Episcopal. — St. Paul's Church, Adams Street and Winchester Avenue. Lutheran. — Grace English, Belden Avenue and Larrabee Street. Rev. L. M. Heilman, pastor. Services at 10.45 A - M - and 7.45 p. m. Methodist. — Centenary Church, Monroe Street, near Morgan. H. W. Bolton, pastor. Ravenswood Church, Commercial Streetand Sunnyside Avenue. Rev. J. P. Brushingham, pastor. Services at 10.30 a. m. and 7.45 P. M. Paulina Street Chtirch, Thirty-third Court. Rev. Dr. Leach, pastor. Grace Church, La Salle Avenue and Locust Street. Rev. R. S. Martin, pastor. First Church, 108 Washington Street. William Fawcett, pastor. Wicker Park Church, Robey Street and Evergreen Avenue. Pastor, Rev. M. W. Satterfield. Wabash Avenue Church, Wabash Avenue and Fourteenth Street. Rev. O. E. Murray, pastor. Shnpson Church, Englewood Avenue, near Wentworth Avenue. Pastor, Rev. .W. R. Goodwin. Wesley Church, North Halsted Street, near Webster Avenue. Pastor, Rev. N. H. Axtell. Hyde Park Church, Fifty-fourth Street and Washington Avenue. Wilbur F. Atchison, pastor. Oakland Church, Oakland Boulevard and Langley Avenue. Pastor, Rev. Dr. P. H. Swift. Western Avenue Church, Western Avenue and Monroe Street. Rev. W. A. Phillips, pastor. Presbyterian. — Church of the Covenant, Belden Avenue and North Halsted Street. Morning service at 10.30. Fifth Church, Indiana Avenue and Thirtieth Street. Railroad Chapel, Dearborn Street, between Thirty-eighth and Thirty-ninth streets. Forty-first Street Church, Grand Boulevard and Forty-first Street. Rev. Thomas C. Hall, pastor. Preaching at 10.30 A. M. and 7.45 P. M. Third Church, Indiana Avenue and Twenty-first Street. Spiritualist. — The Southwest Spiritualist Society, Fashing's Hall, 3012 Archer Avenue. Spiritualist Meetings, at National Hall, 681 West Lake Street. First South Side Society meets at 77 Thirty-first Street. Swedenborgian. — Emanuel Chtirch, 434 Carroll Avenue, between Sheldon and Ada streets. Rev. N. D. Pendleton, pastor. Universalist. — St. Paul's Church, Prairie Avenue, corner of Thirtieth Street. Services at 10.45 A - M - Ryder Chapel, Woodlawn, Sixty-fourth Street and Sheridan Avenue. RELIGIOUS WORK IN CHICAGO. 117 Ryder Chapel, Woodlawn, Sixty-fourth Street and Sheridan Avenue. Church of the Redeemer, Warren Avenue and Robey Street. Unitarian. — All Souls Church, Oakwood Boulevard and Langley Avenue. Miscellaneous. — The Church of Christ, Scientist, hold services in the new Kimball Hall, 243 Wabash Avenue, near Jackson Street, Sunday, at 10.45 A - M - The Christian Congregation, Washington Hall, 66-70 Adams Street. French Gospel Mission Services, 210 South Halsted Street. Preaching at 10.30 A. m. and 7.30 P. M. Rev. N. W. Deveneau, pastor. The Workers' Church, 3037 Butler Street. Morning service at 10.30, in charge of George S. Steere; in the evening at 8. Church of Christ, Athenaeum Hall, 26 East Van Buren Street. Rev. F. S. Van Eps, pastor. Services every Sunday morning at 10.45. Religious Missions and Aid Societies. A great number of missionary and religious societies, both unsectarian and denominational, have their headquarters in this city. Some of these are national in character; others purely local. For a full list consult the City Directory. Y. M. C. A. and Y. W. C. A. The Young Men's Christian Association in Chicago is in a flourishing condition, and will own a large and handsome build- ing, which, costing, with the land, $1,400,000, is to stand at La Salle Street, between Madison and Monroe streets. The Young Women's Christian Association occupies Room 39, 184 Dearborn Street, and devotes itself to helping in every way the young workingwomen of the city. Ladies visiting the city are welcome at the rooms. (118) XII EDUCATIONAL INb i ITUTIONS. It is greatly to the credit of Chicago, the distinguishing char- acteristic of which has been said to be the pursuit of wealth with an energy and a singleness of purpose almost unexampled, to have made the splendid provision it has for the education of the young. Two hundred and fifty-three public, primary, grammar, and high schools; fifteen colleges of law, medicine, and theology; half-a- dozen academies of art and science, and two universities are not the marks of a community wholly given up to the acquisition of wealth. The foundations of this magnificent educational system are laid in the public schools of the city, which, controlled by a board of education consisting of fifteen members, enjoying the oversight of an active and scholarly superintendent, and conducted by a staff of devoted teachers, are maintained in the highest state of efficiency. During the year of 1881 the number of enrolled pupils was 152,483. The school buildings number 253, which were val- ued, with their equipment, at $9,967,513, and were the property of the city. The total expenditure of the educational department for the year 1891-92 was $4,089,814, or $26.82 per pupil. There has been an increase, during the last five years, of 126 schools; $6,282,713 in the value of the equipment, and $2,965,298 in the expenditure. Visitors interested in the work of education are always courteously received at the public schools. The Union College of Law, 80 and 82 Dearborn Street, is governed by a beard of management representing the Northwest- ern University, with the government of which it is very intimately related. The course of study extends over two years, the fees, (119) 120 HANDY GUIDE TO CHICAGO. payable in advance, being $75 per year. The college diploma admits to the bar of Illinois, provided the student has taken the full course of two years. The students number about one hundred and thirty. College of Physicians and Surgeons, cor. West Harrison and Honore Streets, The medical colleges are seven in number. Several of them, notably the College of Physicians and Surgeons and the Rush Medical College (both adjoining Cook County Hospital), are handsome and commodious buildings. The former, a very fine example of the Queen Anne style of architecture, consists of four stories and basement, surmounted by a tower 100 feet in height. The two fronts of the building, on Harrison and Honore streets, ED UCA T10NAL INS TITUTIONS. 121 are of Lemont limestone, elaborately carved. The Rush Medical College is an equally beautiful building, in every respect befitting so important an institution. There are about 2,000 students receiving instruction in medicine and surgery' in the medical schools of Chicago, of whom about one-fourth attend the Hahne- mann and Homoeopathic colleges. Rush Medical College, corner Harrison and Wood Streets. With the medical colleges may be classed the College of Phar- macy and the Illinois Training School for Nurses. The theological colleges are the Garrett Biblical Institute, at Evanston, belonging to the Methodist Episcopal church ; the Bap- tist Union Theological Seminary, Morgan Park; the Chicago The- 122 HANDY C-UWE TO CHICAGO. ological Seminary (Cong»^ t ,ju..<>nal), Union Park; the Presbyterian Theological Seminary of the Northwest, North Halsted Street, and St. Ignatius College, West Twelfth Street — all flourishing institutions, ranking high among the colleges of the respective churches. The University of Chicago. — Upon the dissolution of the old Chicago University, in 1886, great regret was felt, and there was a profound conviction that Chicago was the proper location for a great seat of learning, in order to reflect credit on the great city and the West. The question was taken up at a meeting of the American Baptist Education Society, at Boston, in May, 1889, and, owing to the princely gift of $600,000 by John D. Rockefeller, the matter took definite shape. A college committee of thirty-six was appointed in the effort to fulfill the conditions imposed by Mr. Rockefeller, and in a short time were successful beyond expecta- tion. Not only the money consideration was secured, but. also a site, the gift of Marshall Field. The location fixed upon for this great ins.itution of learning has the main front on Midway Plai- sance, and consists of four blocks, or about twenty-five acres. Prof. W. R. Harper, professor of Semitic languages at Yale College, a gentleman of rare scholastic and executive attainments, was chosen president in September, 1890, and under his charge the scope of the university has been greatly enlarged. Mr. Rockefeller has also been most generous, having made two sep- arate gifts of $1,000,000 each, or $2,600,000 in all. The multi- millionaire president of the Standard Oil Company accompanied his last gift with a letter, offering thanks to God for his complete recovery from sickness. The curriculum embraces many im- provements on the methods of the older colleges. About 1,000 students attended the preliminary examinations. The first term of the new university began October I, 1892. The Chicago Athenaeum, which is justly called the " Peo- ple's College," is a private educational institution for the public benefit on a philanthropic basis. It has entered upon its twenty- first year. Over ten thousand young men and women have enjoyed its liberal advantages. The new Athenaeum Building has one of the choicest and most central of locations, 18-26 Van Buren Street. It is seven stories high, commanding a fine view of Lake EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS. 123 Michigan; is handsomely furnished, and has the great advantages of abundant light, thorough ventilation, and quiet class-rooms. It has daily sessions during almost the entire year, and evening classes during nine months. It employs an efficient corps of thirty teachers, most of whose instruction is individual. The tuition is quite moderate. Pupils may enter at their own con- venience, and select their own studies. They may pursue the common English branches, take a thorough business or short- hand course, or — if engaged in mechanical or architectural pur- suits — receive instruction in drawing and the higher mathematics. To these departments are added the modern languages, Latin and Greek, elocution, rhetoric, wood-carving, painting, vocal and instrumental music. The Athenaeum also maintains a fine library and reading- room, and the largest and best-equipped gymnasium in the city. The board of directors and officers of this practical and most useful institution are the following well-known gentlemen: Directors — Lyman J. Gage, Franklin H. Head, H. H. Kohlsaat, Charles J. Singer, Hugh A. White, Edw. B. Butler, Henry Booth, Ferdinand W. Peck, A C* Bartlett, J. J. P. Odell, Jos. Sears, Wm. R. Page, Gilbert B. Shaw, Alex. H. Revell, Harry G. Selfridge, John Wilkinson. Officers — Ferdinand W. Peck, president; Wm. R. Pa*ge, first vice-president; Harry G. Selfridge, second vice-president; John Wilkinson, recording secretary and treasurer; Edw. I. Galvin, superintendent. The Athenaeum library and reading-room has been considera- bly enlarged and improved. It contains a fine collection of books of the best American and English literature, and excellent works of reference. All the daily, weekly, and leading illustrated papers, magazines, and reviews are provided for the use of members. The Northwestern University is located at Evanston, a beautiful village on Lake Michigan, eleven miles north of Chi- cago. The main building, which is of stone, cost over $110,000. The course of instruction is of the most complete character, there being upward of thirty professors and lecturers, exclusive of the faculty of the Chicago Medical College, affiliated with it. The (134) EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS. 125 university has one of the most valuable reference libraries in the country, including many manuscripts and unbound pamphlets. It has also an excellent Museum of Natural History. The institutions which have for their object the encourage- ment of art, or the advancement of science, are more numerous and flourishing than might be expected in a city in which indus- trial pursuits engage the activities of a larger proportion of the population than in any other great city in the world. The names of the various societies for the encouragement of the fine arts, particularly drawing, painting, and sculpture, the several musical societies, and the institutions for the pursuit of science and philosophy will be found under the head of Clubs and Societies. The Public Library. This popular institution occupies (since July, 1886) fine quar- ters on the top floor of the City Hall, La Salle and Washington streets; but the time is not far distant when more commodious quarters will be absolutely necessary for its accommodation, and a suitable building is in course of construction on the Lake Front, between Randolph and Washington streets, the ground being broken for the same on July 22, 189 *'. Its establishment dates from 1872, when, in commemoration of the Great Fire of October, 1871, a great number of English authors and publishers generously contributed copies of their works. The nucleus thus formed has grown into a magnificent collection of 177,178 volumes, the greater part of which belong to the circulating department. The books issued to borrowers during the year ending May 31, 1892, numbered 2,115,386 — a daily average of 5,795. The number of visitors to the reference department, to which belong the reviews, encyclopedias, and a very valuable collection of British and American patent reports, the binding of which alone cost over $10,000, was unusually large, 110,962. Valuable addi- tions were lately made. The reading room is supplied with 704 periodicals, and issued 700,917 during the year. It was visited in 1891-92 by 560,760 persons. 126 HANDY GUIDE TO CHICAGO. The entire cost of supporting this excellent institution, for the financial year ending May 31, 1886, was about $100,000, which sum was expended in the purchase of new books, newspapers, peri- odicals, binding, repairing, and maintaining the library. The librarian is Mr. Fred H. Hild. The Newberry Library. This institution is a monument to the munificence of Walter Loomis Newberry, who left a will providing, in certain events, that his fortune should be divided in equal portions between his surviving relatives and the projected institution. The sum real- ized for the use of the library was $2,149,201, which, by judicious investment, has been increased to nearly $3,000,000; and the ground occupied by the old Ogden homestead before the fire — the square bounded by Dearborn Avenue, Clark Street, Oak Street, and Walton Place, and facing Washington Park — has been secured for the building, which is in rapid progress and bids fair to be all that a library should be. Temporary quarters have been erected at North State Street, at the corner of Oak Street, where a large and rapidly growing col- lection of reference books may be consulted between 9 a. m. and 5 p. M. W. F. Poole, LL.D., is the librarian. The total num- ber of books in the library in 1892 was 78,179, and 27,807 pamph- lets. Accessions in that year were 17, 565 books and 3, 849 pamph- lets. The reading-rooms were used by 16,802 persons — 11,864 men and 4,938 women; the daily average attendance was fifty-five. Its annual expenditure was $62,481 in 1892. The library will shortly be incorporated under a recent statute. The Crerar Library. In 1890 John Crerar, a wealthy and benevolent inhabitant of Chicago, by his will bequeathed about $2,000,000 for the building, endowment, and maintenance of a free public library, to be located on the South Side. Unfortunately, certain relatives con- tested the bequest, but the courts having recently decided in favor of the validity of the testament, it is hoped that Chicago will speedily be reaping the benefit of the testator's benevolence. XIII. ART, ARCHITECTURE, AND MON- UMENTS OF CHICAGO. Art in Chicago. — Curiously enough, the history of the encouragement of art in Chicago must deal with the business men of the community rather than with the artists. Even in architect- ure, commerce gave the artist his opportunity, although it could not give him genius; that was his own. And it is safe to say that whatever has been accomplished in building up art schools, exhi- bitions, and collections, and in fostering an interest in art in the community at large, is due to the men of affairs, who have thrown into this work the same energy that has built the city and made it famous. Art Institute. Chicago contains a greater number of resident artists than any other Western city — some 300, according to the directory of 1892 — and there are in the city a number of very fine pictures; but until recently the cause of art education has only managed to struggle along since the fire. The Art Institute. — The institute is attended during the year by about 400 pupils, and is self-supporting. Exhibitions are held frequently, and there is a very creditable nucleus of a perma- nent collection. It having been long crowded into inadequate space in its late building, a much larger structure is to be erected on land donated by the city upon the Lake Front, facing Adams Street. The building will stand as a memorial of the great Fair, as it is to be used at that time for the assemblies of the World's Congress Auxiliary. The design, drawn by vShipley, Rutan, and U*7) 128 HANDY GUIDE TO CHICAGO. Coolidge of Boston, contemplates a building 320 feet in length by 175 and 208 feet in width, and provides ample accommodations on the lower floor for the exhibition of sculpture, metal-work, and kindred objects, and for the library and lecture hall, and on the upper for the display of pictures. The exterior, severe in con- ception and classic in feeling, is peculiarly suited for the purposes for which it is intended, and will constitute a noticeable feature on the boulevard. The Collections of the Illinois Art Association, the Illinois Club, 154 Ashland Boulevard; the Vincennes Gallery of Fine Arts, 3841 Vincennes Avenue, and the galleries of several of the principal clubs are well worth inspection, if the tourist can secure permission. The Private Collections of pictures of Chicago are of the most valuable and complete kind. Accessible, as a rule, only by personal acquaintance or favor of the owners, the collections formed by Messrs. James W. Ellsworth, Potter Palmer, Charles T. Yerkes, C. L. Hutchinson, J. Russell Jones, and many others, include some of the best and most costly examples of ancient and modern art. The City's Noteworthy Monuments. Premising that the sculptures of the parks are to be sought for in the chapters exclusively relating to the city's parks and squares rather than here, a list of the important monuments and inscrip- tions may be useful to the tourist, and even interesting to the inhabitant of the city. Very short must be the space accorded, serving merely as a handy guide, as this work is intended to. The Police Monument, commemorative of the anarchist riot on the night of May 4, 1886. Location, the Haymarket Square, at the intersection of West Randolph and Desplaines streets. Take West Randolph Street car to reach it. The statue is a life-size representation of a city police officer in full uniform, with uplifted hand, in the act of " commanding the peace." The inscription on the pedestal, which is surmounted by a railing, reads, " In the name of the People of Illinois, I command Peace." The anarchists' bomb was thrown on Desplaines Street from an alley near Crane Bros.' establishment. Seven policemen were ART, ARCHITECTURE, AND MONUMENTS. 129 killed and many wounded, besides an unascertained number of the mob. Seven rioters were convicted of murder. Parsons, Spies, Engel, and Fischer were executed for the crime on the nth of November, 1887. Lingg committed suicide while under sen- tence of death; Fielden and Schwab had their sentences commuted to life imprisonment. The executed anarchists are buried in Waldheim Cemetery. The Grant Monument, Lincoln Park. ColumDUS Statue, by St. Gaudens, is to be placed at the World's Fair facing the lake at the principal pier. The Columbus Statue belonging to the City of Baltimore (Maryland) is, it is said, to be loaned by the "Monumental City," and exhibited on the World's P'air grounds. A proposal is also afoot to place another statute of Columbus in the Lake Front Park. Drake Fountain and Columbus Statue is to occupy space between the City Hall and Court House buildings, Washington Street frontage. It was presented to the city by Mr. John B. Drake, a worthy and respected citizen of Chicago. It is Gothic I i 3 o HANDY GUIDE TO CHICAGO. in style, and will be composed of granite from Bavino, Italy. The base is sixteen feet square, length thirty-five feet. The, design includes a pedestal, on the front of which will be placed a bronze statue of Christopher Columbus, seven feet high, which is to be cast in the royal foundry at Rome. The statue is the production of an American artist of reputation, Mr. R. H. Park of Chicago. The fountain is to be provided with an ice chamber capable of holding two tons of ice, and is to be sur- rounded with a water pipe containing ten faucets, each supplied with a bronze cup. The entire cost will be $15,000. Mr. Drake's generous gift to the city is to be ready for public use in 1892, and it will thus be happily commemorative of tl.e 400th anniversary of the discovery of America by Columbus. The inscriptions read: " Ice Water Drinking Fountain, presented to the City of Chicago by John B. Drake, 1892," and on the pedestal of the statue, " Christopher Columbus, 1492-1892." The U. S. Grant Equestrian Monument in Lincoln Park (see ante Chapter VII, there fully described). General Sheridan Statue, proposed to be erected in Union Park. General Garfield Statue, proposed to be erected in Garfield Park. Linnaeus Statue (see Lincoln Park). Frederick Von Schiller Monument (see Lincoln Park). La Salle Monument (see Lincoln Park). Ottawa Indian Group (see Lincoln Park). The Abraham Lincoln Monument, by St. Gaudens, in Lincoln Park. Inscription: " 1809, Abraham Lincoln. 1865. The gift of Eli Bates. With malice toward none, with charity for all, with firmness in the r'ght, as God gives us to see the right, let us strive on. Let us have faith that right makes might, and in that faith let us, to the end, dare to do our duty as we under- stand it." The Great Fire Inscription, 137 De Koven Street. On a tablet on the house, x 200 1.1 Fisheries 165 x 365 1.4 Fisheries Annexes (2) 135 diam. .8 Horticulture 250 x 998 5.7 Horticulture Greenhouses (8) 24 x no .5 Machinery 492 x 846 9.6 Machinery Annex 490 x 550 6.2 Machinery Power House 490 x 461 ) Machinery Pumping Works 77 x 84 >• 2.1 Machinery Machine Shop 106 x 250 ) 18 178 HANDY GUIDE TO CHICAGO. Buildings. Dimensions Areai in feet. acres Agriculture 500 x 800 9 Agriculture Annex 300 x 550 3 Agriculture Assembly Hall, etc 125 x 450 1 Forestry 208 x 528 2 Sawmill 125 x 300 Dairy 100 x 200 Live Stock (2) 65 x 200 Live Stock Pavilion 280 x 440 2 Live Stock Sheds 40 Casino 120 x 250 Music Hall 120 x 250 153 United States Government 345 x 415 3 United States Government Imitation Battleship 69.25 x 348 Illinois State 160 x 450 I Illinois State Wings (2) 159-3 The Exposition Buildings, not including those of the Govern- ment and Illinois, have also a total gallery area of 45.9 acres, thus making their total floor space 199.7 acres. The Fine Arts Build- ing has 7,885 lineal feet, or 145,852 square feet of wall space. How to Reach the Grounds. The Exposition grounds include all of Jackson Park and the Midway Plaisance, and lie seven miles south of the City Hall, or center of the down-town district. Time from the city to the grounds — by railroad, 30 minutes; by steamboat, 45 minutes; by cable cars, 45 minutes. Visitors can reach the grounds from the city: By the Illinois Central Railroad, leaving the cars at South Park station or Woodlawn Park station. Trains run every twenty minutes each way. Round-trip fare, 25 cents. By boat on Lake Michigan, leaving the docks on the lake front, between Monroe and Van Buren streets, and landing at the Expo- sition pier, opposite the foot of Sixty-third Street. Round-trip fare, 25 cents. WORLD'S COLUMBIAN EXPOSITION. 179 By the Cottage Grove Avenue cable cars, which run as far as the South Park entrance to the grounds. Fare, 5 cents each way. How to See the Grounds and Buildings. Consult the ground plan map in this guide, and, beginning at your point of entrance to the grounds, follow the route indicated. In the following description of the grounds and buildings, visitors will begin where their point of entrance is indicated by heavy- faced type, as " South Park Entrance," " Sixty-second Street Entrance," "Pier Entrance." Routes of the Grounds. SOUTH PARK ENTRANCE. The visitor first encounters the building for Fine Arts — dimensions, 320 by 500 feet. Two annexes, each 120 by 200 feet. Total floor area, 5.1 acres. Total wall area for picture-hanging, 145,852 square feet. The nave and transept — which intersect the building north, south, east, and west — are 100 feet wide by 70 feet high. Height of dome, 125 feet. Diameter of dome, 60 feet. Cost of building, $670,000. Architect, P. Bt Atwood, designer- in-chief of the Construction Department of the Exposition. Material — 13,000,000 brick, 1,359,000 pounds of structural iron, 3,000,000 feet of lumber. This building is necessarily fire-proof, although the construction is designed to be temporary. The walls are brick ; the roof, floors, and galleries are of iron. South of the Fine Arts Building and across the lake is the building for Illinois — dimensions, 160 by 450 feet. Floor area, 3.2 acres. Cost, $250,000. Height of dome, 236 feet. Archi- tects, Boyington & Co., of Chicago. Material — 3,000,000 feet of lumber, 1,300,000 pounds of iron. This building is by far the most pretentious of the State build- ings, and can be classed as one of the great Exposition structures. Its north wing is a fire-proof memorial hall, 50 by 75 feet, where will be kept relics and trophies owned by the State. The south wing is 75 by 123 feet, and is three stories high. It contains office rooms and two public halls. The main entrance faces the i8o BANDY GUIDE TO CHICAGO. south, and there are imposing entrances at the north and west ends. A tenth part of the space in the building is devoted to the State woman's exhibit. At the head of the lagoon is the Woman's Building — dimen- sions, 199 by 388 feet. Floor area, 3.3 acres. Cost, $138,000. Architect, Miss Sophia G. Hayden, of Boston. Material — 1,600,- 000 feet of lumber and 173,900 pounds of iron. The building is two stories high, with an elevation of 60 feet. The rotunda is 65 by 70 feet, reaching through the height of the building and covered with a skylight. On the roof of the pavilions are open areas which will be covered with oriental awning. One will serve as a cafe and the other as a tea garden. The Woman's Building marks the foot of the Midway Plai- sance — part of the Exposition site — a narrow strip of land, seven- eighths of a mile in length, extending west from Jackson Park and connecting it with Washington Park. It contains 80 acres. In its territory will be shown all the mercantile and amusement fea- tures of the Fair, as to the various attractions of which the reader is referred to the detailed description given later in this guide. Continuing south, the visitor passes down the long esplanade on the east front of the building for Horticulture — dimensions, 250 by 998 feet. Floor area, 6 6 acres. Height of dome, 132 feet. Diameter of dome, 180 feet. Cost, $300,000. Architect, W. L. B. Jenney, of Chicago. Material — 2,500,000 feet of lumber, 1,138,338 pounds of iron. The plan is a central pavilion with two end pavilions, each connected with the center by front and rear curtains, forming two interior courts, each 88 by 270 feet. These courts are planted with shrubs and orange and lemon trees. Under the dome will grow the tallest palms, bamboos, and tree ferns. Each pavilion has galleries, and in the galleries of the end pavilions are cafes. Flowers. — There will be displays of flowers in all parts of the grounds, but particularly around the Horticulture Building and on the Wooded Island. Here will be the rose garden, with more than 50,000 rose bushes in it. Here also will be every variety of flowering shrub and tree, with aquatic plants along the lagoon shores. There will be a " procession ' of flowers throughout the WORLD'S COLUMBIAN EXPOSITION. 181 six months of the Fair, special attention being- devoted to each in its season. The. Fair will open in May with a million tulips in bloom around the Horticulture Building, and will cLse in October with a great chrysanthemum show. Inside . the Horticulture Building, the Fair will open with the greatest show of orchids ever seen. The Horticulture Building faces the center of the Wooded Island. Contains 16 acres; will be devoted to floriculture and horticulture, except the extreme north end, where will be the Japan Exhibit. The Japan government will erect a permanent structure, a reproduction of a Japanese temple. It will be in the midst of a Japanese garden. Both will be presented to the city of Chicago after the Exposi ion, and they will be perpetually main- tained. SIXTY-SECOND STREET ENTRANCE. The visitor keeps south past the east front of the building for Transportation — dimensions, 256 by 960 feet. Floor area, 9.4 acres. Material — 3,500,000 feet of lumber, 1,100,000 pounds of iron. Annex, 425 by 900 feet. Floor area, 9.2 acres. Cost of both, $370,000. Architects, Adler & Sullivan, of Chicago. The cupola is 166 feet high; is exactly in the center of the building, and is reached by eight elevators, which will form an exhibit. The main entrance is a great single arch, elaborately ornamented and treated in gold leaf. It is the feature of the building, and is called the " Golden Door." The annex will consist of one-story buildings, 64 feet wide, placed side by side. The "Transporta- tion " exhibit will include every appliance and vehicle for carrying purposes, from a cash carrier to a balloon, and from a baby wagon to a mogul engine. To the east of the Transportation Building, and facing the lagoon, is the building for Mines and Mining — dimensions, 350 by 700 feet. Floor area, 8.7 acres. Cost, $265,000. Archi- tect, S. S. Beman, of Chicago. Material — 4,360,000 feet of lum- ber, 1,800,000 pounds of steel. The main fronts are 65 feet from the ground to the cornice. The main central en ranees are 90 feet to the apex of the pediment. The gallery is 60 feet wide, 25 feet from the main floor, and < c o o: a> uj 5 C5 CO '5 _l CO o o d DC 13 o Z> o h- 0) o" U o < c LO u. 01 D 1) 1 ■w- Z +r <

> Q_ 00 -M 2 ( i9s; WORLD'S COLUMBIAN EXPOSITION. 199 shoe. The power is delivered from a main pipe extending the extreme length of the road, and lying under the track in sections of fifty feet; that is, the application power is changed at every interval of that distance. The speed claimed by the inventors is 120 to 160 miles per hour. A speed of about 100 miles an hour has been demonstrated on a track less than one-third of a mile long. Tower of Babel. — Entering the Plaisance from the east end, the first feature is the tower known as the Tower of Babel; the height, approximately, 400 feet; diameter at base, 100 feet. This stands in the exact center of the Plaisance, and interferes with a view from the Woman's Building to the extreme western end of the Plaisance, through an avenue 100 feet wide, in the center of which, and for its entire length, extends a covered walk-way thirty feet wide. The tower has a double-track electrical circular rail- way extending from its base to the top. At the top is installed a chime exhibit, which consists of a full set of bells, which the inventors claim will surpass anything which has been cast up to this date. Meteorological and other scientific experiments are also carried on in the top, and people desiring to avail themselves of a general bird's-eye view of the grounds are at liberty to ascend or descend by means of the elevators, the circular railway, or a broad walk which encircles the entire tower, as does the afore- mentioned railway. Irish Industries. — Upon the left of this tower is an exhibit of the Irish cottage industries. There is in connection with this a reproduction of the ruins of Donegal Castle, making habitable such rooms as may be possible without destroying the historical beauty of the ruins. The purpose is to demonstrate the progress of the cottage industries of Ireland, and introduce something of a similar nature for the benefit of the poorer classes in this country. Immediately next to this, on the left, is the office of the Adams Express Company. Bohemian Glass Factory. —Immediately north of the tower is installed a Bohemian glass factory. There is erected in connec- tion with this a building similar to the factories which are known throughout Bohemia, and in the said building are installed from twenty-five to thirty workers brought from their native country. 3 8 CO +J- LU x H 2 (200) WORLD'S COLUMBIAN EXPOSITION. 201 An open furnace is also in this building, and the entire process of making their artistic wares is to be demonstrated. Two hundred feet west of the Adams Express Company and the Bohemian Glass Company's location, crosses the Illinois Central track, occupying a space of about 600 feet. Immediately on the Illinois Central track upon the north is located the Libby Glass Company of Toledo. This company pro- poses to demonstrate, in all its ramifications, the production of American glassware, except window and plate glass. They erect a plant which will cost them approximately $75,000, and have at work, day and night, if necessary, from sixty to seventy-five of the best cutters from their Toledo and Findlay factories. The Libby Glass Company feels under great obligations to the Glass Cutters' unions for granting it permission to have men work during the sum- mer season, in which time it is contrary to the rules of the unions to permit men to do any work whatever. Glass will enter largely into the construction of this building, which will contain a sixteen- pit furnace, cutting, etching, engraving, and decorating shapes, and also a mammoth display of glassware. It is also the purpose of the Libby Glass Company, in connection with their building, to have as many prominent points as practical covered with whole prisms of cut glass, the object being that it will glitter by the sun- light at day, and from the electric light which will shine in the interior of said prisms at night. Japanese Bazaars. — Immediately beyond the Libby Glass Co., are located the Japanese Bazaars. These cover a space about 225 feet square, and on said space are located the bazaars, showing the Japanese people, their customs, and their merchandise. They are operated under a direct contract with the Imperial Japanese Commission. The Animal Show. — Immediately beside the Japanese Bazaar, upon the south side of the Plaisance, is the Carl Hagenbech Animal Show. This is an exhibit which comes from Germany, and shows the ability of man to so domesticate the wild animals that they will live continuously with the naturally tame animals with which the masses are familiar. Mr. Hagenbech has a trained troupe of from sixty to ninety animals, including lions, tigers, dogs, cattle, horses, elephants, etc., at play about the cage, and go SIR ANTONIO MORO'S PORTRAIT OF CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS. The Property of Mr. C, F. Gunther of Chicago. (303) WORLDS COLUMBIAN EXPOSITION. 203 through many athletic performances which can be believed only after it has been seen. Mr. Hagenbech is recognized all over Europe as pre-eminently the leader of man in the domestication of wild animals. Dutch Settlement. — Immediately west of the last two mentioned attractions is what is known as the Dutch Settlement, extending the entire width of the Plaisance. The Dutch settlement is a practical demonstration of the people, their habits, customs, mode of living, and also the merchandise produced by the people of the South Sea Islands, including the Fijis, Samoan, the Philippines, Solomon Islands, and Java, Borneo, and the Polynesian Archi- pelago. Upon this tract are sold many of the novelties produced by the people of the islands, and there are also given performances showing the various modes of entertainment which are known practically to themselves only. Natatorium. — Immediately west of the Dutch Settlement, upon the south side of the Plaisance, is located a Natatorium. This is a building 190x250 feet, and in connection with the Natatorium is a Viennese Cafe and Bakery. This concession is operated by Mr. L. J. Kadish, formerly one of the park commissioners of Lin- coln Park, this city, and a gentleman to whom Chicago is indebted for its now famous bear-pits. Panorama of the Bernese Alps. — Immediately west of the Natatorium is a panorama of the Bernese Alps. This is one of the two panoramas permitted on the Plaisance, the exception being made in these cases on account of the fact that a panorama of the scenery of the countries from which they come is equivalent to an exhibition of the manufactured products of the average European country. This panorama is under the auspices of the Swiss Gov- ernment. German Village. — Immediately west of the Dutch Settlement, upon the north side of the Plaisance, is located the German Vil- lage. The grantees of this concession have erected structures necessary for a German village of the present time, and in con- nection therewith a German town of mediaeval times. They have representations of the houses of the upper Bavarian mountains, the houses of the Black Forest, the Hessian and Altenburg house of Silesian Bauren, representing the middle Germans, the West- N (304) WORLD'S COLUMBIAN EXPOSITION. 205 phalien Hof, the Lower Saxons, the Hallighaus, the Friesen, and the house from the Spreewald and Niederdeutsche. All of the above-mentioned houses are combined in a village. In the various houses are installed original household furniture, so characteristic as to be readily distinguished as belonging to particular tribes the characteristics of which it is intended to show. There is also in connection with this attraction a German ethnological museum under the management of Dr. Ulric Jahii, of Berlin. Turkish Village. — The next attraction on the left is a Turkish Village. This consists of a reproduction of one of the old streets of Stamboul and also of one of the prominent squares in the same street. In connection with this are displayed the manufactures of Turkey in Europe, Turkey in Asia, including Syria. There are also shown the typical dances, etc., and other customs and entertainments which are peculiar to the country. Minaret Tower. — Introduced in this is a Minaret Tower, from which the " Muezzin Call to Prayer" will be heard daily. It is the purpose of the grantee of this concession to bring over about 200 natives. Many interesting features are shown, among which is a silver bed owned by one of the former Sultans of Turkey, and which, it is reported, weighs two tons and is composed of 2,000 pieces; also an immense Turkish tent, formerly owned by one of the Shahs of Persia and used by him in going upon trips through the country. The tent is composed almost entirely of elegant embroidery, and is considered one of the features of great novelty in the Constan- tinople house of the firm having this concession. Moorish Palace. — Next beyond the Turkish Village, upon the left, is the Moorish Palace. This building will be in design after the style of old Moorish temples, the remains pf which are still found in some portions of Spain and Northern Africa. It is pro- posed to introduce into this building various novelties in the line of illusions, camera obscura, etc. Txiere is also a restaurant in connection with this feature, which will be capable of seating from 500 to 1,000 people. One of the great attractions in this building is the exhibit of $1,000,000 in gold coins. It is the intention, in connection with this, to have the arrangement so made that visitors can go through 206 HANDY GUIDE TO CHICAGO. the building, and, without inconvenience to themselves, view this mass of gold, which will weigh approximately two tons and occupy a space of about two cubic yards. Street in Cairo. — Immediately across from the Moorish Palace is the Street in Cairo. This street consists of the reproduction of the old and historical buildings of the old Egyptian city, and in said buildings are installed such shops and other curiosities as are peculiar thereto. There are also introduced mosques and dancing-halls, that the visitors may familiarize themselves with both the religious and amusing customs of these people. Many attractions, found only in Arabia and the Soudan, are introduced into this section, it being the representative district from these two territories, as well as Egypt proper. Many famous curiosities from the museums in Cairo and Alexandria are on exhibition in a special museum installed in this attraction. Tunisian and Algerian Section. — Immediately next to the Street in Cairo, and upon the right-hand side of the Plaisance, is a Tunisian and Algerian section. In this are introduced such features as are peculiar to the countries which the name of the section designates. The nature of this attraction shows less the result of European education and contact than any of the other sections heretofore referred to. It is the purpose to introduce the typical people of Northern Africa, and showing them as they naturally live in their own country. The minaret feature is also introduced here. As this country is inhabited by independent tribes, which, to a certain extent, do not recognize any ruler, the same are represented, each one having its own chief or sheik. The various amuse- ments peculiar to this country are also introduced. The natural merchandise which is produced by these people is on sale, and its manufacture demonstrated by a number of artisans at work. Ferris Wheel. — Immediately opposite this feature, and in the center of the avenue extending the length of the Plaisance, is located what is known as the ".Ferris Wheel." This attraction is a wheel 250 feet in diameter, swung on an axle, the largest (207) 208 HANDY GUIDE TO CHICAGO. steel casting ever made, which rests upon towers 135 feet high. The purpose of the wheel is that there shall be hung from it, at different points on the perimeter, cars similar in character to those used in elevators, the lowest car resting on the" ground as the people get into it. The wheel is then started in motion and the people make the complete circuit of 250 feet. The weight of this entire revolving mass is 2,300 tons, it being the largest moving mass ever erected. Ice Railway. — Opposite this wheel, and upon the left-hand side of the Plaisance, is constructed an ice railway. The manner in which this will be accomplished will be the introduction of ice machinery and refrigeration upon the slide and the accumulation of ice thereon. This will be a practical winter exhibit during the entire summer months. It can be constructed to stand, during the con- tinuation of the Exposition, without any visible effect of the beam- ing sun, which must necessarily shine upon it during the greater portion of each day. Pompciian House. — Next beyond this railway, and upon the left-hand side of the road, is established a reproduction of an old Pompeiian house. This is carried out in detail, and represents the structures as they existed during the flourishing period in the history of that city. It is also the purpose to have installed therein various works of art and reproductions of same which were peculiar to the place during the period which said house represents. Volcano of Kilauea. — Immediately opposite this location is the Panorama of the Volcano of Kilauea. This volcano is supposed to contain the greatest crater in existence. It is the purpose of the people operating this concession to take the visitor to an apparent island within the sea of fire in said crater, and there show him the surrounding country. The background will be a pano- rama of the natural scenery which surrounds the volcano, and in the immediate foreground will be what appears to be a boiling sea of fire. In order to secure this effect it is the purpose to introduce such mechanical and electrical effects as are known only to those well versed in the secrets of theatrical presentation. Morocco. — Next to this attraction is a section of Morocco. This section will bear the same relation to Morocco that the other national sections do to their respective countries. Immediately in WORLD'S COLUMBIAN EXPOSITION. 209 front of this is a Chinese tea house, conducted by a native of the Flowery Kingdom, who had a similiar concession at the Paris Exposition in 1889. Next beyond this is a Chinese village and theater. This will be all that the name implies. Captive Balloon. — The next attraction beyond this is a captive balloon, to be operated under the direction of Henry La Chambre. It is proposed that there shall be introduced in connection with this the latest machinery known to aerial engineering. The balloon will have a capacity of carrying from twelve to twenty people to the height of 1,500 feet. It is also the purpose to intro- duce models of various machinery used in connection with agro- statics and also demonstrate the practical uses to which balloons can be put. Austrian Village. — Opposite the three last-named features is an Austrian village. This will represent a section of a street in Old Vienna, known as Der Graben. The nature of this conces- sion will be similar to that of the German village heretofore referred to. East India. — It is expected that, upon the Plaisance, beyond the last-named feature, will also be a typical section of East India, showing its people, their customs, manners, and merchandise. There will also be introduced in connection with this feature typi. cal jugglers, snake-charmers, astrologers, and also a number of artisans showing the manner of producing the engraved and other hand work which is peculiar to their country. It is possible that there may be also installed upon this section of the Exposition grounds a settlement from the Zulu Land, and under the direction of the United States Consul of Cape Town. Dahomey Village. — Arrangements have practically been con- cluded for the installation of a Dahomey village upon this ground, which shall consist of a settlement of from thirty to sixty natives, of both sexes, including a king and several chiefs. It is the pur- pose of the grantee of this concession that these people shall per- form their various dances, give their various war crys, and perform such rites and ceremonies as are peculiar only to them. They will also have the privilege of selling such native mer- chandise as they may produce. This will, of course, consist 15 (210) WORLD'S COLUMBIAN EXPOSITION. 211 largely of unique hand-made carvings, and utensils of warfare and domestic utility. Nursery Exhibit. — Upon the end of the Plaisance, and as the final exhibit, there are about five acres devoted entirely to a nursery exhibit. This will not be a nursery exhibit in the ordi- nary sense of the term, but practically a flower garden devoted to nursery exhibits in their highest development. It is the purpose to show to the visitors what can be done in the way of an exhibit of this kind, and also to impress upon them not only the necessity, but the beauty, of having a proper floral display in connection with a great outlay of shrubbery, etc. This section is to act upon the minds of the visitors as a blending of all the various interests and industries as well as people and customs which have been seen by them during their tour through this Midway Plaisance, and to cause a harmony of the various features which have been impressive to them either on account of great attractiveness or from any slight repulsiveness which more delicate feelings may resent. A single entrance fee, probably 50 cents, will entitle visitors to see the entire Exposition proper. The special attractions on Midway Plaisance will make a moderate additional charge. Officers of the World's Columbian Commission. — Presi- dent, Thomas W. Palmer; Secretary, John T. Dickinson; Direc- tor-General, Geo. R. Davis. Department Chiefs. — Agriculture, W. I. Buchanan; Horti- culture, John M. Samuels; Live stock, Eber W. Cottrell; Fish and Fisheries, John W. Collins; Mines and Mining, F. J. V. Skiff; Machinery, L. W. Robinson; Transportation, W. A. Smith; Manufactures, James Allison; Electricity, John P. Barrett; Fine Arts, Halsey C. Ives; Liberal Arts, S. H. Peabody; Eth- nology, F. W. Putnam; Forestry, W. I. Buchanan, in charge; Publicity and Promotion, Moses P. Handy; Foreign Affairs, Walker Fearn; Secretary of Installation, Joseph Hirst; Traffic Manager, E. E. Jaycox. President of the Board of Lady Managers, Mrs. Bertha M. H. Palmer; Secretary, Mrs. Susan Gale Cook. Officers of the World's Columbian Exposition.— Presi- dent, Wm. T. Baker; First Vice-President, H. N. Higinbotham; Second Vice-President, R. A. Waller; Secretary, H. O. Edmonds; 212 HANDY GUIDE TO CHICAGO. Treasurer, A. F. Seeberger; Auditor, Wm. K. Ackerman; Chief of Construction, D. H. Burnham. Exposition Offices, Rand-McNally Building. Power. — 24,000 horse-power of steam is provided for the Exposition. The engines are in the power house outside of Machinery Hall, and one of them is about twice the size and power of the celebrated Corliss engine. Oil will be used for fuel. The boilers present a solid bank 600 feet long. Of the 24,000 horse-power, 17,000 is provided for electricity. Restaurants. — During the Exposition there will be restau- rants and dining-rooms in all the main buildings. There will be a dairy lunch in the Dairy Building, and a railroad lunch counter in the Transportation Building. There will be six restaurant buildings on the esplanade facing the Manufactures Building on the lake shore. The capacity of the restaurants will be about 30,000 persons per hour. Sewerage. — The rain-water from the roofs is conducted by one system of underground pipes into the interior water-ways. The flood water from the ground is conducted by another system of pipes into Lake Michigan. The sewage proper is forced by hydraulic pressure through a third system of pipes to the cleansing works at the extreme southeast corner of the grounds. Here it is precipitated into tanks, where it is purified by a chemical process, and the solids are pressed into cakes and burned under the boilers. This sewage system is on a scale sufficiently large for a city of 600,000 population, and it will constitute an exhibit in itself. Staff. — A composition of plaster, cement, and hemp, or similar fiber. All the Exposition buildings, and many of the State build- ings, will be covered with staff. It is lighter than wood, is fire- proof, waterproof, and, if kept painted, will last many years. The architectural and sculptural designs in the covering of the buildings are first modeled in clay, from which model molds are made, and the staff covering is then cast very much as iron is cast. Staff has been used for more than one hundred years as a covering for buildings, notably in South America. The amount of this work on the main Exposition buildings is equal to the covering of one wall of a four-story building fifteen miles long. Stock Exhibit. — In the extreme south part of the grounds. The buildings provided are sheds, covering forty acres; a pavilion, (913) 214 HANDY GUIDE TO CHICAGO. 280 by 440 feet, containing a show ring and amphitheater for spectators; and three buildings for special animals and exhibits, each building being 65 by 200 feet. The total cost of the build- ings for live-stock is $335,000. Statuary. — Throughout the grounds and buildings there are forty-eight sculptural groups, and 103 distinct figures, all of heroic size, and the work of the sculptors Daniel C. French, Rohl-Smith, Martina, Bitter, John Boyle, Larado Taft, Robert Kraus, M. A. Waagen, and Miss Rideout. These figures and groups are placed as follows: " Franklin," in Electricity Building. " Repub- lic,." in the b isin. Horticulture Building, ten figures. Trans- portation Building, sixteen figures and eight groups. Administra- tion Building, thirty-six figures and twenty groups. Machinery Hall, fifteen figures. (These are duplicated several times.) Agriculture Building, six groups. Manufactures Building, six- teen sculptural eagles, sixteen feet high and twenty-one feet across the wings. There are two cattle groups in the colonnade between the Agriculture and Machinery buildings. Statue of Franklin. — By Rohl-Smith. The statue is sixteen feet high; co>t $3,000; stands in the main entrance of Electricity Building. Statue of the Republic. — By Daniel C. French. The statue is sixty feet high, and stands on a pedestal forty feet high at the entrance to the basin from Lake Michigan. The working model cost $8,000; cost of complete statue estimated at $25,000. Transportation. — The Exposition is located within easy distance of the center of the business portion of Chicago, and accessible by means of the most complete transportation facilities. All public passenger railways, whether steam, cable, electric, or horse, as well as the great number of steamboats on Lake Michigan, will deliver passengers conveniently near the numerous entrances to the grounds. With these unlimited facilities it is estimated that more than 100,000 people per hour can be carried to and from the grounds. An intramural elevated railroad will convey visitors to all parts of the grounds, making it easy to go from one point to another without walking. The distances on the grounds are so great that visitors will find this arrangement to be a great source of convenience and comfort. Other means of transit will also be provided inside of the grounds. One of these, (215) 216 HANDY GUIDE TO CHICAGO. and in fact the most attractive of all, will be the means of water transit through the lagoons, canal, and basin. The water-ways inside the grounds cover an area of about eighty-five acres. Here will be provided launches and small craft of all kinds. One can board these boats and travel a distance of nearly three miles, passing on the route all of the principal buildings and points of attraction. It will be one of the grandest sights of the world, and one to leave an everlasting impression on the minds of those who view it. No visitor at the Fair should fail to take this short voyage. It will be a panorama of beautiful architecture, land- scape effects, floral designs, statuary, fountains, etc., such as has never before been witnessed by human eye. World's Columbian Exposition. — The World's Columbian Exposition was created by act of Congress, April 25, 1890. The President of the United States, on December 24, 1890, proclaimed the Exposition to the world, and invited foreign nations to participate. World's Congress Auxiliary. — The object of the Auxiliary is to convene at Chicago, during the Exposition season of 1893, a series of World's Congresses in all departments of thought. It has been recognized by the Government of the United States as the appropriate agency through which to conduct this important work, and its official announcement has been sent to foreign coun- tries by the Secretary of State. The work has been divided into seventeen great departments: Agriculture, Art, Commerce and Finance, Education, Engineering, Government, Literature, Labor, Medicine, Moral and Social Reform, Music, Public Press, Relig- ion, Science and Philosophy, Temperance, Sunday Rest, and a General Department, embracing Congresses not otherwise assigned. These general departments have been divided into more than one hundred divisions, in each of which a Congress is to be held. Each division has its own local committee of arrange- ments. Nearly all of the world's great thinkers, writers, and speakers have accepted an invitation to participate in these Con- gresses. The meetings, for the most part, will be held in the Art Institute to be erected on the Lake Front Park. The officers of the Auxiliary are C. C. Bonney, president; Thomas B. Bryan, vice-president; Lyman J. Gage, treasurer; Benj. Butterworth, secretary; Clarence E. Young, assistant secretary. ECONOMICAL DRUG COMPANY, 121 CLARK STREET, BETWEEN MADISON AND WASHINGTON STREETS. THE ONLY "Qy J pfjlfip DRUG STORE IN THE CITY OF CHICAGO. 25 to 40 per Gent. Cheaper than Other Druggists. LA RG EST STO REM A GLANCE AT THIS [o n we s s t t s pr.c k es. | Metropolitan. Drug Palace Great Success ! J WILL PR0YE THIS _ C0ME AMD SEE us> FINEST PRESCRIPTION DEPARTMENT IN THE CITY I MOST MAGNIFICENT SODA FOUNTAIN IN THE WORLD! Park & Tilford's Wines, Liquors, and Cigars. The undersigned respectfully asks the patronage of his old friends and acquaintances. President and Manager. PICTURE FRAMES LATEST ] J. C. NEV\ to J. C. HEWCOMB, 309w GNS, ALL GRADER OF FINISH, MADE TO ORDER. VI B, Manufacturer, 3 ° 7 AM3= 3 ° 9 •*>■+=+*** -*~»- OPPOSITE AUDITORIUM \SH HLDI AVE., FOR ALL GRADES PICTURE FRAMES, NG AND REPAIRING OLD FRAMES, Jhe fJorth western Dental College OWEN ELECTRIC BELT BUILDING, CORNER STATE AND ADAMS STREETS. UNDER THE PERSONAL SUPERVISION OF LOUIS E. IRELAND, M. D. S., D. D. S. We are the pioneers of moderate prices in connection with FIRST-CLASS OPERATORS AND FIRST-CLASS WORK of every kind. NOTE OUR PRICES. A Full Set of Best Teeth on Twenty-Karat Gold Plate $25.00 A Full Set of Best Teeth on the Beautiful Mineral Plate 15.00 A Full Set of Best Teeth on Ilubber $3.00 to 7.00 Gold Crowns and Teeth Without Plate 5.00 Finest Gold Fillings 1.00 All Other Fillings 25 cts. to 1.00 Have you a set of teeth that drop in your mouth that your dentist says is the best you can have? Bring them to us, we wdl refit them by an entirely new process not known or practiced by any other dentist in Chicago, so they will hold ten pounds weight an i not drop and yet be comfortable. GAS, ETHER, OR CHLOROFORM GIVEN. PHYSICIANS ALWAYS IN ATTENDANCE. Over 1O0.O0O Patients Treated "Without a Serious Accident. INDEX. A PAGE Abraham Lincoln Statue 130 Aid Societies 117 Alexian Brothers Hospital — 143 American Dist. Messenger Co. 54 " Plan Hotels 40 Anarchists 109 Area of Chicago 21 Armstrong Bust 132 Arrival in Chicago 31 Art Collections 128 Art in Chicago 127 Art Institute 127 Ashland Block 39 Athletics 66 Auditorium Hotel " OperaHouse 60 B Baggage 37 Balls 62 Banks of Chicago 96 Baptists 114 Bar-rooms 63 Baseball 66 Baths 43 Battle of Gettysburg 61 Baum's Pavilion 110 Beer Gardens 63 Benevolent Institutions 150 Bicycling 67 Board of Trade 158 Boating 66 Books on Chicago 15 Boulevards 73 Bridewell....- 25 Buildings 83 Bureau of Justice 154 C Cable Car Routes 47 Calum t Electric Road 50 Cemeteries 146 Central Detail 26 Characteristics of Prominent Hostelries 42 Charities 149 Chicago Athenaeum 122 1 ' Fire Cyclorama 61 PAGE Chicago General Facts as to . . 11 Harbor 101 " Personified? 11 River 101 ' ' Telephone Co 55 Chinese Restaurant 107 Churches . . - • 113 Cicero and Proviso Elec. Road. 51 Circus 62 City Hall 22 Climate 15, 21 Clubs 133 Columbus Statue 129 Combination Plan Hotels 41 Commerce 155 Commercial Buildings 83 Concert Halls 110 Congregational 115 Consuls, Foreign 45 Contents 5 Cook County Hospital 141 Coroner, Work of 144 Court House 22 Courts 25 Crerar Library 126 Cricket 66 Criminal Court 25 Dance Halls 110 Dancing 62 Day Nurseries 152 Deli very of Baggage .. 37 Detectives 26 Dispensaries 141, 144 Douglas Monument 130 Park 78 Drake Fountain 129 Drainage 27 Eden Musee 61 Educational 119 Elevated Railways 46 EngeFs Pavilion 110 Episcopal 115 European Plan Hotels 41 Extras in Hotels 42 (217) 218 HANDY GUIDE TO CHICAGO. F PAGE Farwell, J. V. & Co 86 Female Benevolent Societies.. 152 Field Sports 66 Financial Position of Chicago. 24 Finns 109 Fire Department 26 " Inscription 130 Fireworks 62 Fishing 66 Foreign Consuls 45 Fort Dearborn 14 " " ^ Inscription — 131 " " * Massacre 16, 132 " " Monument 132 Free Masons ... 136 Fruit and Vegetable Market . . 160 Furnished Rooms 43 G Garfield Park 79 14 Club 04 Statue 130 Getting About the City Ki Grain Market 160 Grant Monument 130 Great Fire .... 18 " " Inscription 1:30 H Hack and Cab Ordinance 37 Hansom Cabs 38 Hawthorne Track 64 Health Department 26 Herald Building 90 Historical Summary 15 History of Chicago 15 Home Insurance 96 Horse-car Routes 47 Hospitals 141 Hotels -... . 40 House of Correction 25 Humane Societies . 153 Humboldt Park 80 Dlumination 29 Illustrations, List of 7 Insurance 27 " Exchange 86 Introduction 9 J Jail 25 John Brown's Fort 62 Judea 109 Juvenile Institutions 152 L PAGE Ladies' Luncheon Places 45 Lake Michigan 101 k ' Front Park 74 " Transportation 103 La Salle Statue 130 Lectures 61 Levee 106 Libby Prison 61 Libraries 125 Life on the i.evee 106 Lincoln Park 80 Linnaeus Statue 130 List of Illustrations 7 Little Italy 109 Lodging and Boarding Houses 43 Lutheran 116 M Manufactures 155 Markets of City 155 Market Wagon Stand 160 Marshall Field & Co 84 Masonic Temple 90 Mayor 24 McMichael Sanitarium 161 Meaning of the Word Chicago. 12 Medical Colleges 120 Mercy Hospital 141 Methodist 116 Michael Reese Hospital 141 Military Affairs 140 Missions 117 Monuments of Chicago 128 Morgue 144 Municipal Government 24 Musical Entertainments 61 Mutual Dist. Telegraph Co ... . 54 N Natatoriums 43 National Guard 140 Nationalities 22 Newberry Library 126 Niagara Panorama 61 Night Ramble 104 Night Workers . . . . : 110 Nocturnal Rambling 104 Northwestern University 123 Nurses 141 Nursing 144 o Ober-Ammergau Passion Play. 62 Ocean Steamships 102 Omnibus and Baggage Rates . . 38 Opium Dens 108 Orphan Asylums 151 Ottawa Indian Group 130 Outgoing Baggage 37 Oyster Saloons 45 INDEX. 2x9 PAGE Parks of Chicago 73 Patrol Service 26 Phenix Insurance Building ... 86 Police Courts 25 " Headquarters 26 " Monument 128 Population 15, 21 Postoffice 52 Presbyterian Churches 116 Hospital 142 Principal Office Buildings 92 Prisons 25 Public Library 125 Pullman Building 88 R Racing and Athletic Sports . . 64 Railroad Depots, etc 31 Ramble at Night 104 Rand-McNally Building 84 Reformed Episcopal Churches. 116 Religious Missions 117 Restaurants 43, 107 Rialto Building 86 Rookery 84 S St. Elizabeth's Hospital 143 St. Joseph's Hospital „ 143 St. Luke's Free Hospital 143 Schiller Building 90 " Statue 130 Secret Orders 135 Sheridan Statue 130 Siegel, Cooper & Co 88 Slumming 104 Socialists 109 Special Trade District 69 Spiritualist 116 Squares 73 State's Prison 25 Statistics 15 PA«B Stock Yards 155 Sub-Postoffices 54 Suggestions as to Shopping. . . 68 Sunday in Chicago 112 Swedenborgian Churches 116 T Telegraphs 54 Telephones 55 The Temple 90 Theaters 57 Theological Colleges 121 Tour of the City 83 Tricycling 67 Turf and Turfmen 64 Turfmen's Resorts 65 U Union Law College 119 Unitarian 117 Unity Building 88 Universalist 116 University of Chicago 122 U. S. Marine Hospital 142 Vaudeville Entertainments. GO w Washington Park 77 " Club 64 Water Supply 28 Wine, Women, and Song 110 Winter Sports 67 World's Columbian Exposition 163 Y Yachting : 65 Y. M.C. A 117 Y. W.C. A 117 DISTANCES FROM CHICAGO Via Rail to the Principal Cities of the United States, Canada, and Mexico. To— Miles. Albany, N. Y 837 Albuquerque, N. M 1,377 Altooua, Pa 585 Annapolis, Md 881 Atchison, Kan 505 Atlanta, Ga 795 Atlantic City, N. J 880 Augusta, Ga 966 Augusta, Maine 1,189 Austin, Tex 987 Baltimore, Md 853 Bangor, Maine 1,263 Bismarck, N. D 854 Boston, Mass 1,039 Buffalo. N. Y 539 Burlington, Iowa 207 Burlington, Vt 1,182 Cape May, N.J 903 Charleston, S. C 1,103 Chattanooga. Tenn 657 Cheyenne, Wyo 1,017 Cleveland, Ohio 356 Cincinnati, Ohio 293 City of Mexico 2,204 Columbus, Ohio 314 Concord, N. H 1,083 Council Bluffs, Iowa 488 Dallas, Tex 991 Davenpprt, Iowa 183 Dayton, Ohio 264 Denver, Colo 1,113 Des Moines, Iowa 357 Detroit, Mich 284 Duluth, Minn 477 lii Paso, Tex 1,630 Evansville, Ind 338 Fort Wayne, Ind 148 Fort Worth, Tex 1,023 Galveston, Tex 1,150 Gettysburg, Pa 771 Grand Rapids, Mich 182 Hamilton, Canada 472 Harrisburg, Pa 716 Hartford, Conn 1,011 Helena, Mont 1,539 Hot Springs, Ark 693 Houston, Tex 1,099 Indianapolis, Ind 193 Jacksonville, Fla 1,248 Kansas City, Mo 458 Keokuk, Iowa 250 LaCrosse, Wis 280 Lansing, Mich 245 Leadville, Colo 1,285 Leavenworth, Kan 484 Lincoln, Neb 552 Little Rock, Ark 710 Los Angeles, Cal 2,265 Louisville, Ky 297 (220 To — Miles. Macon, Ga 898 Madison, Wis 138 Memphis, Tenn . 517 Milwaukee, Wis 85 Minneapolis, Minn 420 Mobile, Ala 845 Monterey, Mexico 1,531 Montgomery, Ala 870 Montpelier, Vt 1,224 Montreal, Canada 844 Nashville, Tenn 482 Newark, N.J 903 NeAv Haven, Conn 915 New Orleans, La 915 Newport, R. 1 1,061 NewYork,N. Y 912 Niagara Falls, N. Y 513 Norfolk, Va 957 Ogden, Utah 1,529 Omaha, Neb 492 Ottawa, Canada 786 Pens acola, Fla 972 Philadelphia, Pa 822 Pierre, S. D 776 Pittsburg, Pa 468 Portland, Maine 1,128 Portland, Ore 2,465 Quebec, Canada 1,116 Raleigh, N. C 1,154 Richmond, Va 933 Rochester, N. Y 609 Rock Island, 111 181 Sacramento, Cal 2,327 Saginaw, Mich 313 Salt Lake City, Utah 1,566 San Diego, Cal 2,347 San Francisco, Cal 2,417 Savannah, Ga 1,088 Seattle, Wash 2,361 Sioux City, Iowa 544 Spokane, Wash 1,921 Springfield, 111 185 Springfield, Mass 941 St. Louis, Mo 280 St. Paul, Minn 409 Syracuse, N. Y 690 Tacoma, Wash. 2,320 Tampa, Fla 1,489 Toledo, Ohio 243 Topeka, Kan 525 Toronto. Canada 516 Utica, N.Y 743 Vancouver, B. C 2,369 Vera Cruz, Mexico 2,467 Victoria, B.C 2,453 Washington, D. C 813 Wheeling, W. Va 468 Wilmington, Del 849 Winnipeg, Man 887 ) Household Necessity! A perfect Combination of SIFTER, BIN, and PAN. Made of tin, japanned and gold lettered. Easy to use. Never gets out of order. Guaranteed. Longer used, better liked. Simple, Practical, Reliable. PAYS FOR ITSELF by saving time and waste. No scattering. No musty flour. Keeps flour dry and free from dust, vermin, etc. Insures clean, sifted flour. Holds a Sack or Full Barrel of Flour. A few turns of the crank sifts enough flour for a bak- ing into the removable pan which is shown in cut partly drawn out. Mrs. "W. H. Townsend. Milton. N.Y., writes: The Perfection is well named, and ought to be in every family. It is more than you represent. I would not part with it any sooner than with my sewing machine. Mrs. H. "W. True, Watts Flatts, N.Y., writes: It is the best and most useful article I ever saw. It sifts flour perfectly. No waste, and saves enough flour in a year to pay for itself . Mrs. M. C. Martin, New Brunswick, N. J., writes: You may send me another 50-lb. bin; as this is the third bin I have bought, you will understand that we appreciate this useful article. Prices to hold 25 lbs., $3.50; 50 lbs., $3.00; 100 lbs., $4.00; 200 lbs., $6.00. Your dealer sells them, or ought to. If he does not, please write to us. Agents wanted. SHERMAN & BUTLER, Manufacturers 26 W. LAKE ST., CHICAGO, ILL. MILO B. STEVENS EUGENe'e. STEVENS Milo B. Stevens &Co. Solicitors of tensions AND OTHER WAR CLAIMS . . Main Office, Washington, D. C. Other Offices: Chicago, III.; Cleveland, Ohio; Detroit, Mich. Twenty-Eight Years' Practice. Chicago Office, 82 Metropolitan Block N. W. Cor. La Salle and Randolph Sts. THE KING tf BRIDGE CO. Engineers, Manufacturers and Builders of IRON AND STEEL BRIDGES, VIADUCTS, ELEVATED RAILROADS, GIRDERS, TURN- TABLES, ROOFS, EVE-BARS, BUILDINGS, HOISTING and CONVEVING MACHINERV AND GENERAL STRUCTURAL WORK. Office and works, Cleveland, O. Chicago Office, 1105-1107 THE ROOKERY Correspondence on Prospective Work Solicited. Typewriter Improvements AS ILLUSTRATED BY THE RISE AND PROGRESS Jflpetoritei 1 WYCKOFF, SEAMAIMS 6l BENEDICT, 175 MONROE STREET, CHICAGO, ILL. The first practical writing machine, now for many years favorably known as the Rem- ington Standard Typewriter, was in the beginning an exceed- ingly crude machine. In the year 1813 it was taken to the famous Remington Gun "Works. There was inaugurated that policy of constant, careful, and progressive improvement which has marked its subse- quent history. This policy of improvement has continued up to the present time, and will be pursued un- ceasingly in the future. Patents are being constantly issued to the Remington Com- pany for improvements; and this King of Typewriters is now protected by fifty- nine patents, most of which have from twelve to seventeen years to run. This ample protection is a protection also to our patrons, who will never be in danger of the annoyances to which users of some other ma- chines are liable on account of suits brought against them for infringement. The Remington is to-day not only unsurpassed, but unap- proached for excellence of design and construction, qual- ity of work, simplicity and durability. Send — Descriptive Pamphlet Unequaled TRAIN + + SERVICE SOLID Ifnotihuloff $Sf V6SI1DU16Q /*$tgsjsf TRAINS- f «j^p SUPERIOR SERVICE. TOURIST TICKETS are on sale during the summer season. For complete schedule of trains and any information desired, apply to A. J. Smith, g. P. AND T. A., Cleveland, O, C. K. WlLBER, W. P. A., Chicago. f. M. Byron, city pass, andtkt. agt. 66 CLARK STREET. DENTAL OFFICE OF . . Dr. J. E. Low INVENTOR OF. BEFORE. (^rown and Ij ridge \/\/ork FIRST NATIONAL BANK BUILDING, COR. MONROE, 164 DEARBORN STREET, CHICAGO. TAKE ELEVATOR. Why suffer the extraction of firm teeth or roots when they can be made as useful as ever by the Low Crown and Bridge System which I invented and introduced? The best is always the cheapest in the end. My prices are as low as first-class work of this kind can be done. DR. J. E. LOW. ARTISTIC DURABLE ALWAYS SELL ALWAYS PLEASE 1\ PEASE PIANO CO. Chas. H. MacDonald Manager WESTERN FENCE CO. Railroad Fence Contractors Contracts taken for erecting Wire and Board Fences, also Wings and Gates. We furnish all materials or only a part if desired. Have built over 10,000 miles Railway Fence during past ten years. We have complete outfits of boarding cars, tools, and experienced men. Satisfaction guaranteed. Send for propo- sition. Address, WESTERN FENCE CO., Room 441, Rookery Building, Chicago. REHD jyjarah Tnllis T?yans BOOKS. a >» a SQUAW ELOUISE A PAGAN OF THE ALLECHANIES. "TOLD IN THE HILLS." "IN LOVE'S DOMAINS." " MERZE »» »> For Sale at all Booksellers. Air Brush PACE costs us too much here to tell you all about an Air Brush. If you are ART "WORK interested in Art — paint, sketch, or study it, we have something which will interest you as an accomplishment — for the money there is in it — or both. Send for catalogue. THE AIR BRUSH MANUFACTURING COMPANY AIR BRUSH TRADE MARK Roekford, 111. 72 Nassau Street. U . b. A. Bentley & Gerwig LIMITED Manufacturers Rope, Twine, and Cordage Tents, Awnings, Flags, Water-proof Covers, Etc. 69 MARKET STREET, CHICAGO ABSOLUTE FIRE PROTECTION. TheGRINNELL AUTOMATIC SPRINKLER BOTH WET AND DRY SYSTEMS. After ten years' 1 extensive use, the GRINNELL is known and acknowledged to be the only absolutely water-tight and .reliable Sprinkler. FOR INFORMATION AND PROPOSALS APPLY TO Providence Steam $ Gas Pipe Co., PROVIDENCE, R, Chicago, III,., 115 Monroe Street. Buffalo, N. Y., Erie, cor. Terrace Street. Boston, Mass., 173 Devonshire Street. Cleveland, Ohio, 50 Euclid Avenue. St. Louis, Mo., 403 North Broadway. B. W. DAWLEY, Western Agent. Band, McNally & Co. have used these Sprinklers for the past nine years with perfect satisfaction. Telephone Main 4383 PABST BREWING CO. Brewers and Bottlers of Export, Bohemian, Bavarian, Hofbraeu, and Select Beer PUT UP IN QUART AND PINT BOTTLES FOR FAMILY USE. Main Office N. E. Cor. Indiana and Desplaines Sts. H. PABST, Manager. Patents . . Lotz & Kennedy Solicitors of American and Foreign Patents 68 and 70 Metropolitan Block, Chicago, III. N. W. Cor. Randolph and La Salle Sts. Telephone 823. Correspondence in English or German. N. C. GRIDLEY, 1- M. HOPKINS, Patent Law. Patent Law, and Mechanical Expert GRIDLEY & HOPKINS Solicitors of United States and Foreign Patents Attorneys and (^ounselors at Law Specialties: Patents, Trade-Marks, Labels, Copyrights, Corporations. References : Brown Bros. Manufacturing Co., Chicago Stamping Co., Hooker Steam Pump Co., Mason & Davis Co., Rand, McNally & Co., Goulds & Caldwell Co., Webster Manufacturing Co. 89 MADISON ST., CHICAGO, ILL. Visitors to the City ARE INVITED TO CALL AND INSPECT OUR STOCK OF A rtists' JYj: aterials and J-^ainters' ^supplies We aim to carry in stock everything used by the Painter, Decorator, Designer, and Artist. Descriptive Catalogue mailed free. GEO. E. WATSON CO. 267 State St., between Jackson and Van Buren Sts. Chicago Dayton, Poole & Brown SOLICITORS OF Patents Patents procured in the United States and all Foreign Countries. SEND FOR ADVICE. 215 Dearborn St., - Chicago COR. ADAMS ST. Handle all kinds of Goods saved from fires, marine and Railroad Wrecks. H* FIRL SALVAGE WAREHOUSE, j| *±l±l±ttii±tltfl W WESTERN SALVAGE WRECKING Agency. J}i IHTbl-hH-I-hlRffi Western Salvage Wreckina Hgency Samuel Gans, Manager 1 26 to 1 32 Market St., Chicago, III. ^vtiwj" 1 '*»/##,< BREWERS AND BOTTLERS OF Ale and Porter ■ k c/> ELVES ILL 8 -r M $ HI FS <5 t 5 1 ^ S C3 1 V ., * s «Q 1 ■ I I * ri^SSVi s S * -Q tovfjQk Wm t ~ m 00 S tAPAIi m so M m E*0TTICD »f THEMSCLH g»B«JAH»HTCEO »T«rol 'tfflsl _ WHITE HBCl. ; a9 136 ■y§ N. JEFFE CHICAGO RSON OFFICE j ■p" STREET ASK FOR BESLEY'S ALE AND PORTER BOTTLED BY THEMSELVES Equal to Imported at One-Half the Price. ANSON S. HOPKINS. B. E. SUNNY, J. G. SANBORN, Pres't and Oeu'l Manager. Vice-President. Sec'y and Treaa. ESTABLISHED 1873. The Henry Dibblee t Company INCORPORATED 1886. DESIGNERS AND MANUFACTURERS High Grade Cabinet and Metal Work FOR BANKS, OFFICES, CLUBS, AND RESIDENCES, And Special Exhibits for the World's Columbian Exposition. Fine Bank and Office Interiors from our own or architect's designs. Sole Chicago representatives Maw & Co., Lim., Shropshire, Eng. SALESROOM AND MANUFACTORY 149 and 150 Michigan Avenue, opposite New Art Institute, CHICAGO. W H I TE'S YUCATAN GUM. THIS IS THE ORIGINAL PEPPERMINT FLAVORED (hewing GUM First to relieve the distressing- pains of DYSPEPSIA ano HEARTBURN. [Chew for 20 minutes after each meal. ORIGINATED AND MANUFACTURED ONLY BY M-J-MHITE, CLEVELAND, O., U.S.A. INTRODUCED DECEM BER, 1886. Number of pieces sold in 1887 4,799,000 Number of pieces sold in 1888 66.636,700 Number of pieces so 1 in 1889 97,831,000 Number of pieces sold in 1890 126,874,000 Number of pieces sold in 1891. 128,560,000 JOHN* A. LOMAX, TVest. GEO. lOMAX, Supt. HERMAV POJIY, Treas. AUGUST METTE, Vice-Prest. EuWARU F. KaKER, Secy. Chicago Copliitad Bottling COMPANY. ... MANUFACTURERS AND DEALERS IN HIGH GRADK Mineral Waters and Fine Beverages, BOTTLERS OF ALE. PORTER, BEER AND CIDER. 14, 16 and 18 Charles Place, TELEPHONE 327. OHICAGO, ILL. Goods Shipped to all ParU yXfc sole bottlers of of the World. 'P NAYEAU. P IRON CLAD PAINT COMPANY FACTORY, 535 TO 541 SENECA ST. (Formerly Central Way.) No.3 P cA°s E A r,L S D,Nc. CLEVELAND, OHIO. INCORPORATED FEBRUARY 20, 1871. OFFICERS. A. EVERETT, Prest. B. F. WADE, Vlce-Prest. JAMES WADE, Sec'y.Trea and i ten'] Manager. DIRECTORS. S.. EVERETT. C. W. WASON. JAME3 WADE. II. A. KYEKETT. B. 1'. WADE. Trade Mark Patented. Paint Patented. Four Natural Colors. Not Calcined. Not Burnt. The Most Economical, Durable, Fire and Water-Proof Paint Made. HAS STOOD THE TEST <>£„ TWENTY-ONE YEARS READY MIXED. In Barrels of 50 gallons, in pails of 5 gallons, and in gallon pails. Six pails, or gallons, in a case. WEIGHT PER GALLON. Rossie Red No. 1 weighs 13H? lbs. to the gallon; Light Brown No. 2 weighs 13J4 lbs. to the gallon; Brown Purple No. 3 weighs 15}-£ lbs to the gallon; Brown No. 4 weighs 13J6 lbs. to the gallon. See that the packages are all marked with the above trade mark. Unless so marked they are frauds. Address all orders direct to the Company as above. Rand, McNally & Co.s New and Concise ^^ Chicago I IB CHICAGO.- ?* X DOORS •-■ BLINDS Mouldings, Stair Work, Etc. Fulton, Green, and Peoria Streets, CHICAGO, ILL. JAS. I. LYONS, MANUFACTUBBROF ' ARTIFICIAL LIMBS, 78 FIFTH AVE.. EHIOAGO, - - IIvL>. A PERFECT FIT AND Satisfaction guaranteed. Morgan Park CHICAGO'S LEADING SUBURB The location of the preparatory department of the University of Chicago. The aristocratic residence and educational center of the south side Business property near the station and choice residence lots in all parts of Morgan Park ACRES A SPECIALTY LOANS NEGOTIATED HOUSES BUILT B. F. Clarke 218 La Salle St. CHICAGO Rooms 409 and 410 New York. Chicago. FUCHS & LANG . . MANUFACTURERS OF Litho and Printing Inks Fine Dry Colors, Bronze Powders, Lithographers' Supplies, etc. 273 DEARBORN ST., CHICAGO CORN EXCHANGE X BANK " The Rookery," Corner La Salle and Quincy Sts. CHICAGO Capital, $ i ,000,000 Surplus, $1,000,000 CHARLES L. HUTCHINSON, PRESIDENT ERNEST A. HAMILL, VICE-PRESIDENT FRANK W. SMITH, CASHIER DIRECTORS S. A. Kent J. H. Dwight Byron L. Smith Chas. H. Wacker Chas. Counselman Edwin G. Foreman B. M. Frees Chas. H. Schwab Edward B. Butler Charles L. Hutchinson Ernest A. Kamill CAPITAL, - $2,000,000. C ontinental ® |\| ational * B ANK Corner La Salle and Adams Streets, CHICAGO, ILLINOIS. OFFICERS. JOHN C. BLACK, DOUGLASS HOYT, President. Cashier. ISAAC N. PERRY, IRA P. BO WEN, 2d Vice-President. Ass't Cashier. ALVA V. SHOEMAKER, 2d Ass't Cashier. BOHRD OF DIRECTORS. JOHN C. BLACK, President. C. T. WHEELER ISAAC N. PERRY, 2d Vice-President. HENRY BOTSFORD, President Chicago Packing & Provision Co. JAMES H. DOLE, of J. H. Dole & Co., Commission. H. C. DURAND, of H. C. & C. Durand, Wholesale Grocers WM. G. HIBBARD, of Hibbard, Spencer, Bartlett & Co.. ^Wholesale Hardware. RICHARD T. CRANE, President of Crane Co. GEORGE H. WHEELER, President Chicago City Railway Co. J. OGDEN ARMOUR, of Armour & Co. A GENERAL FOREIGN EXCHANGE BUSINESS TRANSACTED. Travelers' Circular Letters of Credit issued, available in ail parts of the World. II NE1ICU GISIILTY * IISIIIIIE & SECURITY CO. WRITES Employers' Liability, Boiler, Elevator, and Individual Accident Insurance, and Guarantee Bonds. Its Capital and Assets above all Liabilities are Larger than any other Casualty Company's ITS EXPENSE RATIO IS THE SMALLEST Its Policies are Free From Vexatious Technicalities. JAS. W. NYE, WESTERN MANAGER, THE TEMPLE. CHICAGO, I LL. THE TEMPLE, CORNER OF LA SALLE AND MONROE STREETS. Offices of the American Casualty Insurance & Security Company. L. MANASSE 88 Madison Street (Tribune Building) CHICAGO The Leading ^^ $|GHT |S Optical House Of the Northwest High-Power Opera and Tourists Glasses, Telescopes, Gold Spectacles, Eye Glasses, Lorgnettes. MAGIC LANTERNS Views Illustrating all subjects of Popular Interest for Public and Home Entertainment. Microscopes, Barometers, Thermometers, Drawing Tools, Amateur Photographic Outfits. No finer display anywhere. Beware of Deception We have no Branch Stores. ^^>> •-",*Vt»l=--™. /^\ : §Sm CELEBRATED HATS AND THE DUNLAP SILK UMBRELLA Palmer House Chicago AGENTS FOR THE IMPERIAL SILK HANDKERCHIEF SEND FOR FASHION PLATE A MOUNTAIN IDYL. 1 Pffl OF THE HLLEGHEHIES BY Marah Ellis Ryan. RIALTO SERIES, FIFTY CENTS. PRESS NOTICES. A genuine art-work. — Chicago Tribune. The descriptions of nature are poetically expressed. — Philadelphia Ledger. Betrays a cultivated mind. — Boston Saturday Gazette. A very pleasing story. — Cincinnati Enquirer. A story of remarkable interest. — Louisz-ille Times. A remarkable book, original and dramatic in conception, and pure and noble in tone. — Boston Literary World. A singularly engrossing story. — San Francisco Ledger. A pleasantly written story of love in an Alle- gheny valley. — Washington Public Opinion. The story is full of exciting interest. — Toledo Blade. A very pretty story, prettily told. — Omaha Bee. An interesting story, and pretty certain to become popular. — Savannah News. A romance of adventure, passion, and pathos. — Seattle Post-Lntelligencer. The great charm of the work lies in the mar- velous descriptions. — Chicago Globe. The story is an alluring one in the vein of gen- uine humor that runs through it, as well as in the strength of its charaoter. — Detroit News. Another of the exceedingly well-written and brightly told stories of Marah Ellis Ryan. True pictures of life and scenery in the Eastern mount- ains. — Columbus Dispatch. For Sale by AH Booksellers. RAND, McNALLY & CO., Publishers, CHICAGO and NEW YORK. _?*> ssf * "M s& SL ^g. WJff* *J £^1 3 ^x^xv^ots