}i I 
 
 f d Cork Compaiiki !few IhA 
 
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iiinnnnimnnBimi|[j|[[]||n|]piiininj 
 idMllluyUILiiLiinimiillliiiilLuud 
 
 |jriirammiint|mi.|nnnj||||m||n|pm™mri|l]|in(|p(||[nrninii|jn 
 
 '"'iiriPii'"""'!!'""" 
 
 iillllluillitiuiiuiiiliiuiul 
 
 CORK and INSULATION 
 
 Facts and Figures 
 
 Compiled b^ 
 
 UNITED CORK COMPANIES 
 
 of NEW YORK 
 
 Main Office and Factory 
 LYNDHURST, N. J. 
 
 Selling Offices 
 
 New York Chicago Philadelphia 
 
 50 Church St. 110 So. Dearborn St. Broad and Chestnut Sts. 
 
 Terminal Bldg. Westminster Bldg. Land Title Bldg. 
 
 Cleveland Boston Atlanta 
 
 818 Euclid Ave. 88 Broad St. Broad, Walton and 
 
 Citizens Bldg, Forsyth Sts. (Grant Bldg.) 
 
 iddlliiilllliiil 
 
 AiLiLinDilimiiulilWlllllliuu.abu.ual»fliJII.<]l)yUiiylllbu»^ 
 
 niDnnmiiiiiii 
 iifllillublllllliiillillliiiiiiiilllluiUll 
 
 Copyright 1917 — United Cork Companies 
 
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 3!5I232I^ 
 
 General Information 
 
 PART I 
 
 (Pages 1 to 38 inclusive) 
 
 "iiiiiiniiiii'"'"''! 
 
 iDuiinillinnillllilllllllllllluuud 
 
 lirrnimpmnni 
 
 luiuUUlii 
 
 'ijBjAiiiak'aiii 
 
 jimiqjmni 
 
 l)i.lli<illlli(niUiaLi! 
 
 lliillli)liniiniiiUiui<i>l 
 
fS! 
 
 ll..nilllL.IUl..lll.<»l 
 
 [|)mni| 
 IDninidlhiHiiil 
 
 rin[|""!'^' 
 
 •II '7" ' 
 
 1|1"| 
 
 inniinHi 
 IdllmuuilUluiUI 
 
 Stripping Cork Trees in Portugal 
 
 pnnmiijimiiminnmii 
 
 , i^ in> <iiii' Villi' ;:i kI 
 
 jiiimq 
 hiiiiiil 
 
 Jiil.ill.,illlllL,(niHi,ili.lllliJIIJLi.u<iiiiu.ui 
 
iininn|TiniiiniiiTni|| 
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 pram|Himii||][|innnminnnn] 
 
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 iiiiiiiiiijiiiiii 
 
 llllllllilillllnllllUllillllllillllllllllnilliMlllIUlUl 
 
 :3[!;:'1I 
 
 mm 
 
 CORK AND INSULATION 
 
 ODERN economic and commercial conditions could not have 
 
 developed, nor could they continue to exist, without the 
 
 aid of refrigeration. Upon this science many important 
 
 industries have been built up, among which ice making 
 
 and cold storage take first rank. 
 
 The desirability of being able to preserve and set aside products 
 of the season of plenty, to be made use of during the non-productive 
 seasons, was early recognized; witness the many crude methods adopted 
 by individuals, farmers particularly, to keep over from one season to 
 another their fruits, vegetables, dairy and other products. These efforts 
 go back as far as history itself. 
 
 When during the latter half of the last century, induced by the 
 development of industrial and transportation facilities, people flowed 
 more and more to centers of population forming cities, empires in 
 themselves, this desirability became an indispensable necessity. Refrig- 
 eration and the industries making use of it supplied the need. 
 
 What we are endeavoring to show in this booklet, is how to make 
 use of Refrigeration in the most efficient and economic way, i. e., to 
 keep the cold in and the heat out of rooms or buildings after the refrig- 
 eration has been turned on. 
 
 Here is where Cork Insulation enters the field. 
 
 When we first undertook its manufacture, "Cork Insulation" was 
 a luxury ; its principle little known ; its possibilities unsounded and its 
 employment rare. 
 
 We take pride in the part we have played in making cork insulation 
 a standard of good commercial practice. 
 
 From a little plant, we have become through successive increases, 
 a large one. Small facilities have become greater ones ; a few thousand 
 square feet have grown into acres of factory space. 
 
 We therefore feel well fitted for the task of explaining in the most 
 practical m.anner such details of Cork Insulation and its underlying prin- 
 ciples as will be of most value to those interested — Architects, Engineers 
 or Owners of plants. 
 
 J-""ii™"'iiiir""" 
 'milllimlUllilllllillllii>.uil 
 
 iZal,.llll.l,.lfc' 
 5 
 
 IBSBEEE^^^ 
 
Heat 
 
 Heat is the substance, if we may call it such, around which are 
 centered all efforts of the designer of refrigeration as well as the erector 
 of insulation ; to remove heat is the sole object of the former ; to keep 
 it away — "To Insulate" — the object of the latter; both working to 
 the same end it will readily be recognized that the work of either is of 
 at least equal importance. Whatever amount of heat is kept from 
 entering a room by insulating it will not have to be removed by the 
 refrigerating machinery. Thus the work accomplished by the former 
 means work "saved" for the latter. 
 
 The rather common statement that cold is the absence of heat, 
 and heat the absence of cold, is an unscientific but more or less expres- 
 sive principle. 
 
 At least it raises the question why we figure cold as a negative 
 fact. The answer is simply that the sun is an active source of general 
 heat, and heat therefore an active principle, while cold is nothing more 
 than a word to explain the absence of heat. 
 
 Heat Measurements 
 
 Heat permeates everything. 
 
 Its intensity is registered by bodily sensation — "feeling". In 
 this manner we recognize that one body holds more heat than another. 
 
 Thermometers register the physically discernible temperature of 
 different bodies; the actual amount or quantity of heat, however, is 
 measured by the British Thermal Unit (B. T. U.) which means the 
 amount of heat required to raise the temperature of one pound of 
 water, one degree Fahrenheit (from 38 to 39 F.). 
 
 SPECIFIC HEAT is the amount of heat required to raise the tem- 
 perature of 1 lb. of water 1 ° F. as compared with the amount of heat 
 required to raise 1 lb. of any other substance 1 ° F. The same amount 
 of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 lb. of water I ° F. will 
 raise the temperature of 1 lb. of brick 5° F., hence the specific heat 
 of brick IS one-fifth or .2. 
 
 The term LATENT HEAT means the amount of heat required to 
 change the state of bodies — yet not registerable by thermometers. For 
 instance, in order to melt 1 lb. of ice, 144 B. T. U.'s must be supplied 
 by or abstracted from the surroundings, but the temperature of the 
 resulting water remains at 32° F. until all the ice is melted. After 
 that the rise in temperature takes place. It follows that 144 B. T. U.'s 
 is the cooling effect obtained in the melting of I lb. of ice at 32^ F. 
 
 In this country the capacity of refrigerating apparatus is expressed 
 
 iliLiluilkajyillJitJiJtiinniiiimilllilllllllllliiujiii.urlllliilllliJLlI^ 
 
 6 
 
"liHTl'l'T"""'!'™"'!!"'""'! 
 
 liDiiiidlyiiiiiillJilliiiLiiiiiiLiiiii 
 
 [l!lii"nil|jrimi||| 
 
 llllnuillllliiiilll 
 
 iinn^H""i|||p"llP'M|l|F''''n(|iP(|||||ii1|l|'W|T"'|P''"''ll 
 
 teiitkm,illIi,illllillMlliiilllllli.«nilllJiiilllliJllillLrilrbiuiulI 
 
 in Tons of Refrigeration. One ton of Refrigeration therefore repre- 
 sents the coohng effect produced by melting one ton (2000 lbs.) of 
 ice at 32° F. into water at 32 F. or 2000X144 B. T. U.'s=288,000 
 
 B. T. U.'s. 
 
 Heat Transference 
 
 Heat makes itself felt or rather it is transferred in three different 
 ways: — by radiation. — by conduction. — by convection. 
 
 RADIATION is the transfer of heat through space without percepti- 
 bly affecting the medium through which it passes. For example : radi- 
 ated heat is the heat we get from the sun ; heat that is given out from 
 a hot stove or steam radiator. 
 
 CONDUCTION is the transmission of heat from molecule to mole- 
 cule, and thus conducted from one part of a substance to another. 
 
 Some substances conduct heat more readily than others. Metals 
 for instance conduct heat rapidly. Glass and stone furnish greater 
 resistance. Wood is a rather poor conductor of heat, and gases at 
 
 the low end of scale conduct but little 
 heat. An absolute vacuum would trans- 
 mit no heat whatever. 
 
 We have an example of conducted 
 heat when we place the end of a steel 
 bar into the lire and the other end be- 
 comes warmer and warmer as the heat 
 is conducted through it. 
 
 CONVECTION is a process by which 
 heat is conveyed as a result of the cir- 
 culation of fluids — either gases or liquids 
 — set up through contact with hot or 
 cold surfaces. 
 
 For example : Take the air con- 
 fined in a chamber with walls of differ- 
 ent temperatures. The air next to the 
 cold wall will be cooled, become heavy 
 and fall. Its place will be taken by the 
 air heated through contact with the 
 warm wall. This air in turn will become 
 cooled and drop. In this manner cir- 
 culation IS automatically induced. 
 
 Reduction of size of air chambers 
 
 will of course reduce circulation and the consequent transference of 
 
 heat. 
 
 side 
 Cold 
 
 1 
 
 lU 
 
 Jii 'k, 
 
 M 
 
 Out- 
 side 
 Warm 
 
 This diagram illustrates the 
 direction of air currents in 
 transmission of heat by Con- 
 vection. 
 
 ii|||ii(]|iuuui)|iiiinii| 
 
 DunniliiaiiilUl 
 
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 llliulll 
 
 "' "' lull"' 
 
 J" 
 
 [■ifimiubilllllulllrflLitiiiiiibiuiu 
 
uillllljillllliuiiiiiu 
 
 HIEIMSE^ 
 
 Ideal Insulation 
 
 Evidently from the foregoing an ideal insulator will be one com- 
 posed as much as possible of a gas, air for instance, restrained from cir- 
 culating by imprisonment in minute chambers. 
 
 These principles of insulation have been well known for many 
 years, but not until recently have they been incorporated into insulating 
 devices to the fullest extent. 
 
 Methods of Insulation 
 
 The basis of all insulation is AIR. Even the old and inefficient 
 methods were based upon the recognition of this fact. 
 
 Founded upon this basis the first commercially employed method 
 of insulation was the so-called Air-space Construction. 
 
 This is formed by two or more walls of brick or boards and paper. 
 The great inefficiency of this lies in the fact that when the outside wall 
 is warm and the inside cold, the air in the space next to the warm side 
 becomes heated and rises, while that next to the cold side cools and 
 falls. Circulation results, and convection induces and accelerates the 
 transmission of heat. 
 
 Another objection where boards and paper are used is that open 
 joints and cracks invariably follow the shrinkage of wood, and all 
 wood will shrink. Through these cracks air will enter, bringing with 
 it the greatest enemy of insulation — moisture, i. e., water. 
 
 Water being a prime conductor of heat detroys the insulating value 
 of all insulation. 
 
 In wood construction this moisture also causes decay and where 
 filling is used, the filling likewise deteriorates. 
 
 Air spaces are furthermore an active danger in case of fire. They 
 are literal vent shafts that nourish fire for days, and are very difficult 
 to reach with a hose. Fire underwriters do not overlook these facts 
 in fixing insurance rates. 
 
 Whether empty or filled these air spaces are invariably infested 
 with rats, mice and other vermin. 
 
 The next development of erecting insulation was the use of fillers 
 which m truth is merely an effort to reduce the size of the air spaces 
 and more nearly approach the ideal of basic insulation. 
 
 Into the empty spaces were shaken or tamped ashes, cinders, 
 
lEEMsa: 
 
 liqiHI[|[ U[| |iiiini[piini| 
 
 liilllillliiiiiiJilUluillll 
 
 tanner's bark, hay, straw, hair, peat, charcoal, wool, saw-dust, shav- 
 ings and other suitable substances. These materials were depended 
 upon to retard the circulation of air. Actually however, when packed 
 tightly they displace so large a portion of the air to which the mate- 
 rials owe their insulating value that they are rendered inefficient ; when 
 packed loosely, they settle and leave empty spaces. 
 
 To improve these old methods by waterproofing is very expensive, 
 and the outlay would have a much greater value if spent on an insula- 
 tion waterproof of itself. 
 
 As applied to these old methods, waterproofing cannot prevent 
 dampness from penetrating the insulating materials — gradually per- 
 meating and even saturating them. 
 
 To improve a bad method the use of mineral wool fibres and 
 similar materials in blocks, or shapes was introduced. 
 
 While this IS a little better than empty or filled spaces — it still 
 has the overpowering disadvantage of absorbing water through capillary 
 attraction. This is a physical phenomenon that takes place in all fibrous 
 or porous substances. A good demonstration of this will be seen if 
 you will dip the corner of a handkerchief in water and then watch 
 the water spread all through the fabric. 
 
 The effect of water on these blocks of fibrous materials is dis- 
 astrous. They lose what little structural strength they have ; deteriorate 
 and decompose into a water-soaked mass that is worse than worthless 
 as an insulator ; thus become conductors instead of retarders of heat. 
 
 Lastly, but not leastly, all the foregoing methods of insulation 
 have the serious disadvantage that they do not in themselves prevent 
 the entrance of water and its absorption by the materials used. 
 
 Water is the arch enemy of all insulation. If water could be 
 kept away from the insulating materials, an effective installation would 
 be a simple matter. But water in form of vapor — i. e. moisture — is a 
 constant condition of our atmosphere. It will enter anywhere through 
 the medium of air. 
 
 Air absorbs moisture. 
 
 The higher the temperature of the air the greater its capacity of 
 retaining moisture. 
 
 A difference in temperature means a difference in pressure. Na- 
 ture strives to equalize this condition. 
 
 Cold air is heavier than warm air. When the door of a cold room is 
 opened the heavy cold air seeks egress through the lower part of the 
 
 iiiiiiiiiiiiinir'i'^^iT™T"T'^HM''"""n 
 
opening while the warm air rushes m through the upper part. The 
 warm air comes in contact with the cold surfaces and immediately loses 
 some of its capacity for holding moisture. Condensation results; 
 moisture is deposited on the surfaces — and the insulation exposed to its 
 disastrous effects. 
 
 The only conclusion to be drawn from the foregoing statements 
 of accepted fact and knowledge is that a perfect insulating material 
 must embody two distinct features : 
 
 First — It must incorporate the greatest amount of still air in the 
 most minute chambers. 
 
 Second — It must itself be proof against the intrusion of water 
 by absorption. 
 
 There is only one known substance that fulfills these requirements 
 with absolute practical completeness. 
 This Material is CORK. 
 
 What Is Cork? 
 
 Cork is the outer layer of the bark of an evergreen species of 
 Oak. It is indigenous to Southern Europe, the North African Coast 
 generally, but principally cultivated m Portugal, Spain and Algeria. 
 The trees reach a height of 30 feet and more. 
 
 By annual additions from within, this outer layer of the Cork 
 Oak gradually becomes a soft, thick, homogeneous mass possessing the 
 compressibility and elasticity upon which depend the economic value 
 of the material. 
 
 When the trees are fifteen or twenty years old the first stripping 
 of the outer bark takes place. The yield at this time — of rough, un- 
 equal and woody texture — is called Virgin Cork. It is useful for rustic 
 ornamentation work in ferneries, conservatories, etc. 
 
 Subsequently the bark is removed at intervals of eight or ten 
 years; the quality of the cork improves with each subsequent stripping; 
 the trees live and thrive under this operation for a hundred years and 
 more. 
 
 The trees are stripped usually during the months of July and 
 August. Two cuts are made around the trunk, one a little above the 
 ground and the other immediately under the low branches. Between 
 these cuts three or four longitudinal incisions are made ; the utmost 
 care being taken not to injure the under bark. The cork is then re- 
 moved in sections by the wedge-shaped handle of the implement used 
 in making the incisions. 
 
 ■ECliia 
 
 10 
 
Ddliilll 
 
 <iiiiUOiin!iillmnillilllilllllliii>,yif 
 
 Ijniniimiii 
 
 IlliiiUl 
 
 fuliliJ 
 
 Hi, 
 
 ISEMIiil! 
 
 The strips are collected into big piles which are left to season for 
 several weeks. They are then placed into large water vats or steamed 
 to soften the outer woody coating, called bark. The application 
 "belly" is given the inner side next to the tree. 
 
 Now follows the operation of scraping off the hard bark and 
 flattening the sheets. After being sorted into many grades of different 
 qualities and thicknesses the sheets are compressed into bales of about 
 1 50 lbs. each, ready for shipment. 
 
 Uses of Cork 
 
 The uses of cork are many and diversified. Its compressibility 
 and elasticity, specific gravity and imperviousness to air and water fit 
 it for many purposes and uses for which it has no satisfactory substitute. 
 Among these — Cork Insulation takes first rank. 
 
 Cork was intended by nature to be an insulator. While still on 
 the tree it prevents the scorching sun and the parching tropical winds 
 of the country of its origin from drying up the tree's life-givmg sap. 
 
 Natural Cork Magnified 120 Diameters 
 
 Under the microscope is revealed its peculiar structure which 
 gives cork its unequalled natural supremacy as an insulator. As shown 
 on the illustration there may be seen a numberless mass or air cells. 
 These are spherical in shape showing no spaces between the cells and 
 with such slight inter-cellular material that it would be impossible to 
 crowd more air cells into an equal space. On account of this structural 
 character, cork has no capillarity. 
 
 It is impermeable to water and air: its crowning advantage as 
 an insulator. 
 
 11 
 
 Eaaiiiii 
 
Illllllli 
 
 |Iinni|i|in(||in||j|jimiim|)ni||iiii|jji|m 
 ii,i.iuiillllliillnllllllt.<<niUiuLillllJIIJLiiilirliiuiil 
 
 Cork Waste 
 
 The cork used by the manufacturers of insulating materials is 
 called cork shavmgs or waste. This material is a by-product of cork 
 factories. It consists of trimmings of the cork bark as it is being pre- 
 pared for packing; pieces too small for the manufacture of solid cork 
 articles ; strips out of which cork stoppers have been cut and shavings 
 obtained in the tapering of cork stoppers. 
 
 It will be of interest to know that this so-called waste or shavings 
 represents more than sixty per cent of the raw material — cork bark — 
 used by the manufacturers of solid cork articles. These shavmgs are 
 collected from hundreds of factories all over Europe and America, 
 compressed into bales and shipped to cork insulation or linoleum plants. 
 
 The principal countries of export are Portugal, Spam, France and 
 Algeria. The United States imports annually about 50,000 tons of 
 cork shavings, used mostly in the manufacture of cork insulation and 
 linoleum. 
 
 Collecting Cork Waste in Cork Factor}^ in New York City 
 
 [|D^iiHi|pn|jwpium|jimiiiijiBiuii||| 
 liuililnlllunnilliiiiii 
 
 ■IllllUoullltllulllllllllillllU. 
 
 nini||]nn||[|iin|||iiiiiiii|| 
 
 nnnniiniij 
 llli!!2lhi!liiliyiilllllli<lliiilllllli<(niUiaLillllluill>iliiu"iiliiUimi<l 
 
 12 
 
hallllLllllUll 
 
 llllIUUl)lllllll[(ll 
 
 nnmirninnpni 
 
 minni|npnnini|[|[|imiiiti 
 
 #f 
 
 kiiilllln/i 
 
 "^ri'T""'!!"""."!!! 
 
 iillilllllliiJIIidliitiiuiiUiuiUlll 
 
 Our Products 
 
 At our plant at Lyndhurst, N. J., we manufacture the following 
 products : 
 
 GRANULATED, NATURAL CORK in all sizes of granulation. 
 
 REGRANULATED CORK obtained from corkboard trimmings. 
 
 STAR CORKBOARD (WATERPROOFED) 94% pure natural cork 
 and 6% odorless waterproof binder. No regranulated cork is used in 
 this board. 
 
 CRESCENT CORKBOARD, baked pure natural cork, no foreign 
 bmder is used in this board. 
 
 ECONOMY CORKBOARD, made from screened regranulated cork 
 — with same waterproof binder as is used for STAR. 
 
 CORK TILE FLOORING, made without foreign binder from the 
 finest grade of selected cork shavings as obtained in the manufacture 
 of tapered bottle corks. 
 
 CORK BRICK, mixture of fine granulated natural cork with a 
 special asphaltic binder. 
 
 Also in the course of completion CORK PIPE COVERING. 
 Granulated Cork 
 
 The first commercial article for insulation purposes obtained from 
 cork shavings is Granulated Cork. The shavings or waste is passed 
 through suitable grinding mills, adjusted so that the largest pieces will 
 not exceed %", Vii", V4\ or even smaller sizes. 
 
 These grades can be furnished screened, i. e., freed from dust, or 
 unscreened — %" unscreened is the customary grade used for insulation 
 purposes and unless otherwise specified is always supplied. 
 
 it-^ \'' •> %.' 
 
 r \- 
 
 
 A Pile of Granulated Cork 
 
 For years a great deal of this material has been used for insulating 
 walls, ceilings, partitions and around sides of tanks, where the use of 
 corkboard would be impracticable. 
 
 Mixtures of sizes of granulated cork too small to be used for 
 
 iinDiiliiiuilliliiliimud 
 
 liiiiJiiOljill 
 
 Emnnmn||pnmmuminj|j 
 
 nnni]j)iiMi|j|| 
 
 iliillllliiillitlLiiiiuiiUiuiuill 
 
 13 
 
|ppiimmninjm|||iiin|[pminiipnB||niii^ 
 
 llrtlLiiiiiiilUluiUll 
 
 Corkboards are known as C. S. Granulated Cork 8/12, 8/20, 12/20 
 (meaning that they are sifted through screens of eight or twelve meshes 
 to the inch, and over screens twelve or twenty meshes to the inch). 
 They have a very high insulating value at low cost. Their weight is 
 somewhat heavier than that of the regular Granulated Cork. 
 
 Natural Granulated Cork is much superior to other loose fillings on 
 account of cork's natural characteristics, such as being odorless, non- 
 absorbent, not supporting fire, nor being subject to decay. Its heat 
 conductivity is also lower than that of any other loose filling ordinarily 
 used for th:s purpose. 
 
 Regranulatecl Cork 
 
 This IS a by-product obtained m the manufacture of cork boards. 
 It consists of ground saw trimmings, damaged or broken boards, etc. 
 It provides an excellent filler where cork m solid form cannot be used. 
 Its specific gravity is less than that of any of the grades of Natural 
 Granulated Cork, and since it has gone through a process of baking, it 
 is also more waterproof. Its color is a dark brown. It should be well 
 packed to prevent settling, it is scme:yhat inconvenient to handle 
 since it is dusty and soils whatever it touches, but its insulation value is 
 slightly higher than that of Granulated Natural Cork. 
 
 The grade mostly used, is what is known as "Mixed," a mixture 
 of fine (%" mesh to dust) and coarse {Vh^ to %'') which we recom- 
 mend for most purposes, as it packs well and is least apt to settle. 
 But, the fine grade as well as the coarse grade can be furnished separ- 
 ately, if desired. 
 
 Cork Board 
 
 The desirability — in modern building construction — of eliminating 
 as far as possible the use of wood and to give a hard plaster finish to 
 walls and ceilings of insulated rooms led up to the idea of producing 
 cork in board form. 
 
 In 1884 Dr. Carl Grunzweig of Germany invented what he called 
 Cork Stone or Cork Brick. Its advantages were so apparent that an 
 immediate demand sprang up throughout Europe and America. 
 
 In the United States there are now manufactured several brands 
 of compound, impregnated, and pure corkboard. 
 
 Believing that best results could only be obtained by a careful 
 study of the subject we have spared no time and efforts to produce 
 the best suitable forms of corkboard for different locations and con- 
 ditions. 
 
 It is self-evident that a form of corkboard manufactured with a 
 special purpose of meeting conditions where the insulation is apt to be 
 
 ioiiiiyilliiilLJijiliuninlliuuillllUilJllliiiuaiu.udilLjfllJLliyiilniA 
 
 14 
 
[jnini(mniint|| 
 
 IliiiiUl 
 
 iiltiLiiiy 
 
 llhlmiiltlMiillI 
 
 iiJLllillllMtniUiJi 
 
 mnnniiiiiil I 
 
 ::iiil ■.;;::•' 
 
 iiilllliillliilliiiiiiiituiuiuU! 
 
 exposed to continuous, excessive moisture will not answer for places 
 where a constant dry heat has to be dealt with. 
 
 After broad research and experiment, we have developed and are 
 now producmg at our factory m Lyndhurst, N. J., three forms of cork- 
 board which are most suitable for these varying conditions — viz. "Star" 
 and "Economy" Corkboards, both waterproofed, and " Crescent" Cork- 
 board, pure cork. 
 
 Star ( Waterproof) Corkboard 
 
 This product has a number of advantages over pure corkboard. 
 
 It IS permanently waterproof. 
 
 The immunity of Star Corkboard against any ordinary dampness 
 places it in a class by itself, for such purposes as insulating wet floors, 
 damp walls, bottoms of tanks, cooling apparati, underground work 
 and many other conditions under which pure corkboard could not 
 reasonably be expected to maintain its efficiency. 
 
 Star Corkboard is unusually solid and strong — very little inferior 
 in this respect to ordinary building lumber. Its strength is a great 
 advantage in floors, where heavy loads are carried. A surface coat 
 of three inches of concrete secures a rigid, permanently satisfactory 
 floor strong enough for the heaviest trucking and storage. 
 
 Strong and inexpensive partitions can be erected with one course 
 of Star Corkboard set on edge, plastered on each side. 
 
 The heat conductivity of Star Corkboard for 1 " thick is within 1 
 B. T. U. per square foot of the lightest pure corkboard made. Care- 
 ful tests, devised to assure exact data, give Star Corkboard a heat 
 transmission value of 7 B. T. U. per square foot, 1 inch thick per 
 degree diff. per 24 hours. These tests were made under and super- 
 vised by Prof. Frederick L. Pryor, M. E., of Stevens Institute of 
 Technology of Hoboken, N. J. They have been issued in pamphlet 
 form. Copies will be sent upon request. 
 
 Star Corkboard is manufactured from the best grade granulated 
 natural cork. Every granule is thinly but thoroughly coated with a 
 
 HHlEMiHi^ 
 
 15 
 
special odorless, waterproof binder and then compressed into board 
 form. It is not subjected to extreme heat or undue pressure during 
 the process. We mention this because extreme pressure destroys the 
 cellular structure, while excessive heat destroys the life of the cork. 
 In Star Brand Corkboard the granules of cork do not exceed ^^'^ 
 Thus voids to be filled with waterproofing are very small and allow the 
 maximum amount of pure cork in proportion to the mixture to be used. 
 To be exact, the proportions are 94% pure cork and 6% of water- 
 proof binder, by volume. 
 
 Three laj'ers of 2" Star Cork Board. Lone Star Brewery, San Antonio, Texas. 
 
 The waterproof bmder used m Star Corkboard has a heat con- 
 ductivity of its own from 9 to 10 B. T. L.'s — a fact of considerable 
 importance m the choice of a proper insulator. 
 
 Tests made at our plant and b}' the National Board of Fire Lnder- 
 writers Laboratories at Chicago pro\'ed the great fire-resistmg quality 
 of Star Corkboard. 
 
 With due allowance for the slight difference in conductivity — the 
 insulating value of Star Corkboard dollar for dollar is as great as that 
 
 of any high grade pure corkboard. 
 
 ^lilMiiitMffiiiiiiiHi 
 
 linn 
 
 3lf 
 
 ifllniiiiiilliiiii 
 
 16 
 
WNirrEIi CORK COM 
 
 Economy Corkboard 
 
 The Economy Brand of Corkboard has been put on tlie market 
 for the purpose of meetmg the demands for a cheaper Corkboard than 
 either the "Crescent" or "Star"" brand. It is made from selected re- 
 granulated cork \\-hich has been carefully screened and sifted, and 
 mechanically mixed with the same Corkboard Binder as is used for 
 our Star Corkboard. 
 
 The heat retarding value of the Economy Corkboard is naturally 
 somewhat less than that of the Crescent Corkboard and it has not quite 
 the structural strength of the Star Corkboard, but it combines all the 
 other advantageous qualities of both of these two brands. We can 
 conscientiously recommend Economy Corkboard for many purposes 
 where investment is a prime lactor to be considered by intending 
 buyers. 
 
 Economy Corkboard, although a httle lighter m weight, is classi- 
 fied the same as Star Corkboard for all shipping purposes. It can be 
 substituted for either Crescent or Star Corkboard m many of the speci- 
 fications calling for these two brands. 
 
 IllUu^illuiulillliJIIlJailiJ: 
 
 i: 
 
:SSBSSSSSSB 
 
 DAVID i DAVIS &C0. 
 
 INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERS 
 
 CHICAGO. 
 
 Central Cold Storage Companj', Chicago, 111. Four million cubic feet of Cold 
 Storage Space. Largest Modern Cold Storage Warehouse in the World. 
 Insulation furnished and erected by The United Cork Companies of New 
 York. Fifty carloads of Crescent Corkboard were used in this Building. 
 
ninmninmii 
 nUUDiiHiil 
 
 gniriyiillillilil 
 
 IDI"""!! 
 
 (Illin 
 
 lllliiiiud 
 
 (1. 
 
 Illiulll 
 
 Crescent (Pure) Corkboard 
 
 In Europe, the home of pure corkboard, it is generally employed 
 under conditions where little moisture is encountered. In the United 
 States pure corkboard is brmgmg good results m all kinds of cold 
 storage work. Naturally it has not the same structural strength as Star 
 Corkboard, but it is adaptable for all kinds of construction. 
 
 Showing Wall Insulation Consisting of Two Laj'ers of 2" Crescent 
 
 Corboard Embedded in yi inch Cement against Brick Walls. 
 
 P. Berry & Sons', Inc., Plant, Hartford, Conn. 
 
 inmii|iiwii|||||||y||||||i|innm|||ninimjiinni|j 
 
 -Ji ID>J I <UDii iB :r,i 
 
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 19 
 
fiinin[[roill|)i™iinnmiintni[)rinn|||]rm]||||]]|niinin|iiiiira 
 
 jFCi'f (rwi i^sll 
 
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 M|||iimn|||jiiijiii|ji(iiinii|jiiniiiijipimi|||! 
 Lijillllliillliiilliiilllliirllllliiiiiiilliiiiiillii 
 
 lllilllllllllllllr I 
 
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 lliiiillllli(lllliilllii'llljjillllly!iJii)ninii[lillJiirlll!i 
 
 20 
 
 i"'llll"lllll""'"'lilll''lllllplll"l 
 
 |ii,|||iiiirii|miMii| 
 
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ilJiil..lLllllllln(niuJLii 
 
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 liilliiimiiiUiuiilU 
 
 Crescent Corkboard is 100% pure screened, granulated cork. 
 The cork is carefully sifted — the granules being from %' to '^2'^'' in 
 diameter — thoroughly mixed, so that the smaller granules fill up the 
 voids between the larger pieces and produce a uniformly even board. 
 
 After being filled into iron moulds, compressed to the thickness 
 of the board desired, the granulated cork is baked for several hours 
 at a moderate temperature. No foreign binder is used. The heat 
 liquifies the natural gum of the cork and binds the particles upon cooling. 
 This gum or sap has the additional advantageous quality: that of 
 acting as a natural waterproofing. Baked granulated cork is less 
 absorbent and more waterproof than the natural cork itself. 
 
 An illustration of the waterproof quality of baked granulated cork 
 may be had by heaping a bag or two of fine regranulated cork upon the 
 open ground exposed to the weather. Neither rain, nor snow nor fog 
 will penetrate beyond the surface for more than a fraction of an inch. 
 Even after being thus exposed for years, the cork will be found to be 
 perfectly dry and sound below the surface. 
 
 The U. S. Navy requires that Pure corkboard when boiled for four 
 hours shall expand not over 2% in any direction. Crescent (Pure) 
 Corkboard fully meets this requirement. 
 
 An Effective Use of Crescent Corkboard Insulation in the 
 Plant of the Sherman Ice Co., Sherman, Texas. 
 
 liiiiiill 
 
 21 
 
 EgSEIZE^^ 
 
pniniima|[itn||||nm™mn||nj 
 
 :;iii:;r, 
 
 ililllliilitiillii!>!>iiiUiuilii)ll 
 
 Ward & Ward Bakery 
 Buffalo, N. Y. 
 
 -1Siai>."-4.y<! 
 
 ighton, Mass. 
 
 ^^22 
 
 amxsrmrmhi' 
 
 Adelphia Hotel 
 /3^Ia, Pa 
 
 This group including 
 a Fish Pier, Hospital, 
 Bakery and Hotels typ- 
 ifies the wide scope of 
 purposes for which our 
 Cork Insulation has 
 proved adaptable. 
 
 22 
 
|inninn||iiiii||| 
 UiifniUublllllluilliflLiillUiuiull 
 
 Crescent Corkboard has the highest non-conductive value of any 
 commercial msulator. 
 
 Many and varied tests place the heat conductivity of pure cork- 
 board at 6.4 B. T. U.'s per sq. ft. 1" thick per degree difference m 
 temperature per 24 hours. 
 
 Tests conducted for us by Prof. Frederick Pryor, of Stevens' In- 
 stitute of Technology, give Crescent Corkboard a rating close to 6 B. 
 T. U.'s and less which represents an insulatmg capacity unexcelled by 
 any other product. The tests referred to were conducted with a 
 sincere view of evolving definite and incontrovertible facts. To attain 
 this neither expense nor effort was spared. 
 
 Claims for a better efficiency have been made, but conditions at 
 laboratories are never duplicated m actual practice, and the slightest 
 variation of conditions under which tests are made, v/i!l give vastly 
 different results. 
 
 We consider Prof. Pryor's experiments the greatest forv^^ard step 
 of the establishment of a standard test that has ever been made. 
 These tests have been issued m pamphlet form. Copies will be sent 
 upon request. 
 
 In presenting Crescent Corkboard — we sincerelj^ believe that we 
 are offering a product superior to any similar article ever evolved, 
 either in America or m Europe. 
 
 We think we are meeting the efficiency issue thoroughly when we 
 unequivocally guarantee that Crescent Corkboard is unexcelled m quality 
 or efficienc}^ by any other board on the market. 
 
 SUMMARY 
 
 Before leaving the subject, we wish to sum up the features, 
 which combined, make corkboard insulation the best and most eco- 
 nomic form of insulation for all refrigerating plants. 
 
 First — Corkboard insulation provides the Maximum Amount of 
 Insulation Efficiency because it embodies the largest proportion of the 
 substance whose heat conductivity is less than that of any other known 
 substance that can be commercially used for the purpose, i. e., "Air". 
 
 Second ■ — Corkboard insulation allowing compact construction oc- 
 cupies a Minimum of Space, thiis assuring increased storage capacity. 
 That this saving of space is a factor of greatest importance may be seen 
 by the following example : 
 
 If a building 100' x 100' x 50', designed to carry a temperature of 
 30° (F., is insulated with Corkboard, but 4" of cork for the walls, 
 floor and ceiling will be required. Erecting the Corkboard in two 
 courses with cement mortar; walls and ceiling finished with ^" cement 
 plaster and the floor with a 4" concrete wearing floor, the space occu- 
 pied by the insulation itself will be but 19.760 cubic feet. Air space 
 construction of the same non-conductive value made up of 1" boards 
 
 ijuy; 
 23 
 
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 niHimrniimi 
 IlliilllilllimiuilllluiU. 
 
promnininiiii 
 ,„<0l4# 
 
 IllllliuufllllliiillU 
 
 ini»ii4niiiiillllt)h!li.llll|yniUlilliilllllJliillLniriibiuiUll 
 
 and 1" air spaces would require 10 air spaces and 11 boards, i. e., 21" 
 in all. Thus, this form of insulation would take up about four times 
 the space occupied by the Corkboard, viz. : 66,981 cubic feet. 
 
 Records kept of investment costs of cold storage buildings show 
 a variation of from 35 cents to 45 cents per cubic foot for land, 
 building and insulation. 
 
 Hence, the space gained by using corkboard, i. e., 47,221 cubic 
 feet is worth from $16,527 to $21,249 ; or," figuring the returns derived 
 from the saved space at an average of 1 cent per month per cubic 
 foot, an annual gain of $5,666.52 can be made. In smaller buildings 
 the saving will be still greater. 
 
 Illustrating Cork Insulation in Hotel and 
 Institution Kitchens. 
 
 Third — Corkboard insulation remains Permanently Efficient. It 
 
 has no capillarity. It resists moisture, hence undergoes no alteration 
 in its insulation properties. 
 
 Fourth — Corkboard requires No Expense for Repairs. Once 
 erected in a proper workmanlike manner it will stay put and last 
 as long as the building itself. 
 
 Fifth — Corkboard being non-absorbent, germ and vermin proof, 
 not subject to decay, is Free from Odor and AbsoluteSy Sanitary — 
 features of greatest importance in rooms or buildings where perishable 
 products are stored — such as milk, butter, eggs, meats, etc., etc., 
 which are easily affected or subject to contamination. 
 
 llniiuialhiiKiilUil 
 
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 24 
 
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 U 
 
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Sixth — Corkboard insulation directly applied to the surfaces and 
 finished with cement plaster %'' thick is the only form of insulation 
 that provides an Actual Fire Protection. 
 
 Cork Insulated Refrigerators in Large State Institution. 
 
 Corkboard — ^and this applies to Star as well as Crescent — is slow 
 to ignite. After being ignited it will not support combustion unless 
 outside fuel and draft is contmuously supplied. Left to itself the ignited 
 cork will extinguish of itself. 
 
 The National Board of Fire Underwriters of Chicago has approved 
 corkboard insulation constructed of two courses of 2" each set into a 
 
 m|ninnn(fin|r|nimimiiiiimnimnii|][]||j|pni"'n| 
 
 IllDiilldiyilllilUJIIiJIuilllliiillllliillliillllliuall 
 
 nnn([ii([||ni™||l||]ipnqjiinnmnn||p|[|||ifiiiiiii| 
 
 iiiilijiiiiliyillllll)iilLllllll!n«niUiii 
 
 "^1 
 
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 iillllliiiflirllnimiiiUiuiiil 
 
 26 
 
iTTin 
 
 mdUllluilLJ 
 
 r.lLlllllLfniUmlilillllJIJbmuIim 
 
 V>'' bed of cement mortar with a cement plaster finish, and this form of 
 insulation will help to reduce fire insurance rates. 
 
 Seventh — Corkboard has SUPERIOR STRUCTURAL STRENGTH 
 as compared with any other insulator. It can be used for the erection 
 of partitions without any other supports and laid in floors carrying 
 the heaviest loads without risk of deflection. This is particularly true 
 of our Star Brand Corkboard. If interested let us send you a pam- 
 phlet on Compression Tests by Prof. Pryor. 
 
 Corkboard can be built up the same as brick and sawed, trimmed 
 and nailed the same as lumber. 
 
 Any competent mechanic can erect it. 
 
 Room in Plant of Jacob Dold Packing Co., Buffalo, N. Y. 
 
 Eighth — Corkboard in spite of its somewhat higher initial cost of 
 installation is THE MOST FXONOMIC INSULATION that can be used 
 when efficiency and permanent service are considered. 
 
 The feature of expense being frequently of vital importance as 
 to how much insulation should be employed, we give below a calcula- 
 tion based on conditions ordinarily to be found in the latitudes of the 
 United States. This will illustrate the advantages and the saving that 
 will be effected by the use of corkboard. 
 
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 lllUuull 
 
 27 
 
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 innm|iini| 
 lillLiriniilbluiUi 
 
..ruiJilll.]LlllllLnniJlJllli 
 
 innnirniii 
 iiiiiiiiiUmiUl 
 
 Taking a room 25' x 50' x 10' with 13" brick walls, 6" concrete ceiling and 6" 
 concrete floor, located in New York City (mean annual temperature about 52° F.) 
 to be kept at a temperature of 30° F., a saving of $686.70 per year will be effected, 
 if the room is insulated with 4" of Corkboard vs. an uninsulated room of the same 
 size and under the same conditions. If such a room is to be kept at a temperature 
 of Zero F., the saving effected runs up to the formidable sum of $1,679.85 per year, 
 assuming in this instance that 6" of Corkboard was used for the insulated room. 
 
 Let us examine these figures in detail. 
 
 (l) — Uninsulated. 
 
 A — ROOM KEPT AT 30° F. 
 
 Let us designate: 
 
 The area of Walls (25 + 50) 2 x 10 - 1500 sq. ft. as W. 
 
 The area of Ceilings 25x50 = 1250 sq. ft. as C. 
 
 The area of Floor 25 x 50 = 1250 sq. ft. as F. 
 
 Let US further designate the known heat transmissions through the walls, ceil- 
 ing and floor per sciuare foot per degree difference in temperature per 2-4 hours, as 
 follows : 
 
 13" Brick Wall —viz.: 7.926 B. T. U. as WT. 
 
 6" Concrete Ceiling— viz. : 17.200 B. T. U. as CT. 
 6" Concrete Floor — viz.: 17.200 B. T. U. as FT. 
 
 and 
 
 30°) 
 
 The deg. diff. in temp. (52° 
 The No. of days in the year 
 The No. of B. T. U.'s per ton of 
 
 ref.a 
 
 -viz. 
 
 22° as 
 
 D. 
 
 viz. : 
 
 365 as 
 
 Y 
 
 -viz. 
 
 288,000 as 
 
 R. 
 
 Then the following example will represent the refrigeration required to take up 
 the heat transmitted into an uninsulated room in one year ; 
 
 W X WT X D X Y 
 
 >31.5 Tons 
 
 CXCTXDXY 
 
 -599.5 Tons 
 
 F X FT X D X Y 
 
 :599.5 Tons 
 
 A TOTAL OF 
 
 1530.5 Tons of Refg 
 
 (2) — Insulated zvith tivo courses of 2" inch Corkboard. 
 
 Let us again designate the known heat transmissions through the walls, ceil- 
 ing and floors insulated with two courses of 2" Corkboard per square foot per 
 degree difference in temperature per 24 hours, as follows : 
 
 13" Brick Walls; 4" cork and IV2" P- C. Mortar— viz. : 1.38 B. T. U.'s' as WT' 
 
 6" Concrete Ceiling; 4" cork and 1 Vo " P. C. Mortar— viz. : 1.452 B. T. U.'s as CT' 
 6" Concrete Floor; 4" cork and 4 " wearing floor — viz.: 1.4 B. T. LT.'s as FT' 
 
 The refrigeration required to take up the heat transmitted into the insulated 
 room in one vear will be 
 
 W X WT' X D X Y 
 R 
 
 C X CT' X D X Y 
 
 :57.7 Tons 
 
 = 50.7 Tons 
 
 = 48.7 Tons 
 
 F X FT' X D X Y 
 
 R 
 
 OR A TOTAL OF 157.1 Tons of Refg. 
 
 Thus by using an insulated room 1530.5 — 157.1=1373.4 tons of refrigeration 
 will be saved' every year. At an estimated cost of 50c. per ton of refrigeration the 
 .saving will come to $686.70. 
 
 lDaildlLiliJuJilliJbimniilM..rllllililllllu.uillllu.jillilirllllJlui[lb^ 
 
 mFiiflinniij 
 IllnuiuilUiiiiiiill 
 
 nmnnnniitiiii 
 IfntlllUiiihilliyilirlLiuiiiiiUiuiUl 
 
 28 
 
mm 
 (IIP* ' 
 liiiijiil 
 
 •jHaasiiB 
 
 ( 1 ) — Uii insula ted. 
 
 B. — ROOM KEPT AT ZERO F. 
 
 Using the same example as under "A" the only change being the value of "D", 
 difference in temperature (now 52° — 0°^52°) the result shows 
 
 VV X VVT X D^ X Y =TS3.5 Tons 
 R 
 
 C X CT X D' X V =1416.9 Tons 
 
 F X FT X V" X Y 
 
 rinii.O Tors 
 
 R 
 
 OR A TOTAL OF 3617.3 Tons of Refg. Required. 
 
 (:.') — Insulated zvitli ttvv courses of 3" Corkboard. 
 
 The heat transmitted through the walls, ceiling and floors insulated with two 
 courses of 3" Crescent Corkboard per degree difference in temperature per 24 
 hours is 
 
 13" Brick Walls 6" cork and IVo" P. C. Mortar — viz. : .956 P.. T. U.'s as VVT" 
 
 6" Concrete Ceiling; 6" cork and I'/L," P. C. Mortar — viz. : 1.00 B. T. U.'s as CT" 
 6" Concrete Floor; 6" cork and 4 " wearing floor — viz.: .98 B. T. U.'s as FT" 
 
 With these changed values our example shows the following result : 
 W X WT" X D' X Y =94.5 Tons 
 
 C X CT" X D' X Y 
 
 R 
 
 F X FT" X D' X Y 
 
 1 82.4 Tons 
 = 80.7 Tons 
 
 R 
 OR A TOTAL OF 257.6 Tons Refg. Required. 
 
 Thus by using the insulated room 3617.3 — 257.6=3359.7 tons of refrigeration 
 will be saved. At an estimated cost of 50c. per ton this amounts to $1,679.85, as 
 stated above. 
 
 At the current prices for material and labor including the concrete wearing 
 floor and plaster finish : 
 
 The cost of insulating a room as used for Example "A" amounts to $1,476.00 
 
 The cost of insulating a room as used for Example "B" amounts to $1,940.00 
 
 Accordingly, the annual return on the investiuent for the insulation represents : 
 46.5% for a room to be kept at 30° F. Example "A". 
 
 and 
 86.6% for the room kept at Zero F. Example "B". 
 
 These results have been based upon the mean annual temperature of New 
 \'ork City. For any locality having a higher mean annual temperature, which takes 
 in the entire South and South-West, this saving will be still greater. It will be in 
 direct proportion to the increase in the mean annual temperature. 
 
 Surely such returns cannot be ignored. They may spell success or failure to 
 the enterprise. 
 
 iuUuJUIljrlllllliiniiilhiiiill 
 
 inMni||inimmmi.mi||jinnnm||||]|||p™inni|i|pnm^ 
 
 [inninn|jiitii|| 
 ililllilliiJIIitlliiriiiijiUluiUl 
 
 29 
 
4llLyi«iiiinniltiiinuillllllLuudkiiiuillliJ0lJulyiiiilln^ 
 
 Various Other Uses of Corkboard 
 
 Ihe possibilities of corkboard are by no means confined to cold 
 storage insulation. 
 
 More and more — the advantages of Corkboard Insulation are being 
 recognized and made use of for such purposes as follow: 
 
 INSULATING RESIDENCES— Where roofs of residences are in- 
 sulated with Corkboard it removes from the upper rooms the discom- 
 fort from cold in the winter and heat in the summer. If the Cork- 
 board is used for walls as well it will insure a great saving of fuel 
 in the winter. Excellent cooling effects are also obtained where roofs 
 of porches are insulated with Corkboard. These uses are being adopted 
 more and more in this country, while in Europe they have long been 
 recognized as practical facts. 
 
 The Roof and All Walls of this Residence were Insulated 
 with Corkboard 
 
 The residence in the accompanying illustration was completely 
 insulated with ]'' of Crescent Corkboard, roof and walls, including 
 built-in refrigerator. The saving of coal alone has been determined 
 at more than 20%. Of greater value does the owner consider the 
 added comfort during the extreme seasons. 
 
 ))iiul4lllililiiiyiwnilllilbllUllJillliiriiiJilUliiiUl 
 
 30 
 
mm 
 
 AIR COOLING — Wherever air cooling is desired or necessary as 
 for Fever Rooms in Hospitals, Restaurants, Hotels, Theatres, Offices, 
 Churches, Laboratories, etc., corkboard is employed with great eco- 
 nomic results. 
 
 SOUND AND VIBRATION PROOFING — Surprising results are 
 obtained by the use of a layer of corkboard under machinery of all 
 kinds, fans, motors, stampmg presses, etc., etc. Laid on the floors 
 of drill rooms corkboard will effectually prevent sound penetrating 
 to lower floors. 
 
 PROVIDING FOR RESILIENCY— As an under layer of other forms 
 of floormg, Corkboard will provide a resiliency so much desired and 
 appreciated in gymnasiums, athletic courts, dance floors, etc. Cork- 
 board has been used in many places for this purpose with excellent 
 results. 
 
 CONDENSATION PREVENTION— Where condensation from con- 
 crete or other roofs occurs, as is the case m flour mills, chemical 
 works and other industrial buildings a layer of corkboard put on the 
 roof slab will entirely overcome this trouble even with an inside and 
 outside temperature difference of 100 F. 
 
 RAILWAY CARS — Refrigerator, Passenger, Tank, and in fact 
 all transportation cars are embraced m the field of practical insulation 
 with Corkboard. We insulated over 300 cars during the summer of 
 1915. 
 
 Showing One of 300 Refrigerator Cars Insulated with 
 Corkboard during the Summer of 1915. 
 
 BATTLESHIPS — The obvious necessity of insulation against ex- 
 plosions in a powder magazine immediately suggests the use of Cork- 
 board for this purpose. Crescent Corkboard has been used in a large 
 number of battleships of the U. S. Navy. We have furnished several 
 
 Simmnnnnniiiijjimin]]!] 
 JUumiJLilli 
 
 ■Hsaaia^ 
 
 ,31 
 
|)nini||I|Hnnn|niiTpnj 
 (111) ""• " " '^ 
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 IBSMajI^ 
 
 ; y^s^rrcfs.-Es^'iT^:'^;^''^^^ 
 
 miyiliiol 
 
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 33 
 
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SfiilSII 
 
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 lluaudlllliiilll 
 
 «MhrF717IT3!'" 
 
 luiuiIbiiiiCillllllnliilluilllllliifniUiaLiliJitiflh 
 
 hundred thousand feet during the last few years for this purpose. Our 
 most recent installation was in the dreadnaught Arizona, recently put 
 into service. 
 
 Some general idea of the various uses to which Corkboard has been 
 put may be gained from the following list showing industries to which 
 we have furnished Corkboard during the last year or two. 
 
 This list, at best, can be considered but partial: 
 
 Agricultural Works 
 
 Automobile Manufacture 
 
 Bakeries 
 
 Battleships (Magazine Cooling) 
 
 Bleaching Works 
 
 Blast Furnaces (Air Drying) 
 
 Bottling Works of all kinds 
 
 Breweries, Beer Storage 
 
 Brine Tanks 
 
 Canning Industries 
 
 Candle Manufacture 
 
 Celluloid Works 
 
 Cheese Factories 
 
 Chemical Plants 
 
 Chocolate Manufacture 
 
 Cider Works 
 
 Cigar Factories, Cigar Storage 
 
 Cold Air Plants 
 
 Condenseries 
 
 Cotton Mills 
 
 Creameries 
 
 Dairies 
 
 Dehydrating 
 
 Department Stores 
 
 Distilleries 
 
 Dredges, etc. 
 
 Dyeing Works 
 
 Egg Freezing 
 
 Electrical Supply Plants 
 
 Experiment Station Work 
 
 Explosives, Manufacture and 
 
 Storage 
 Filtering j:'lants 
 Fish Freezing, Storage 
 Florists 
 
 Fruit Handling 
 Fur Storage 
 Glass Factories 
 Glue Factories 
 Grocery Stores 
 
 Hospitals 
 
 Humidors 
 
 Ice Skating Rinks 
 
 Ice and Ice Cream Delivery 
 Wagons 
 
 Incubators 
 
 Ink Manufacture 
 
 Isinglass Factories 
 
 Laboratory Work 
 
 Lard Refining 
 
 Laundries 
 
 Leather Factories 
 
 Liquid Air Manufacture 
 
 Liquor Stores 
 
 Malt and Malt Extract Man- 
 ufacture 
 
 Match Factories 
 
 Meat Markets, Curing, Storas 
 
 Markets 
 
 Medical Treatment 
 
 Cold Roms for Fever Pa- 
 tients 
 
 Mercerizing Works 
 
 Mining and Smelting 
 
 Morgues 
 
 Nurserymen 
 
 OfiRce Buildings (Cooling 
 Drinking Water) 
 
 Oil Refining 
 
 Oleomargerine Factories 
 
 Optical Instrument Manufacture 
 
 Oyster Handling 
 
 Ozonating Plants 
 
 Packing Houses 
 
 Paint Works 
 
 Paper Mills 
 
 Paraffine Works 
 
 Perfumery Factories 
 
 Photo Material Manufacture 
 
 Precooling 
 
 Produce and Vegetable Mer- 
 chants 
 Prolonged Animal Hibernation 
 (bilk Worms, Ladybugs> 
 Public Buildings 
 Railroad Stations 
 Railroad Cars 
 Rendering Works 
 Residence Cooling 
 Restaurants 
 Rubber Plants 
 Salt Refining 
 Sausage Manufacture 
 Saw Mills 
 Silk Mills 
 Shaft Sinking 
 Soap Factories 
 e Steamships 
 Steel Works 
 
 Street Pipe I>ine Refrigeration 
 Sugar Refining 
 Sulphite Fibre Works 
 Syrup Factories 
 Tanneries 
 Testing Plants 
 Thermometer Manufacture 
 Tobacco Factories 
 Turkish Baths 
 Varnish Works 
 Vaults and Safes 
 Vinegar Factories 
 Watch Factories 
 Weaving Sheds 
 Wineries 
 Woolen Mills 
 Yeast Manufacture 
 Zinc Shavings 
 
 nimmnminiiii 
 lllulllrdluHiuiimuiUll 
 
 33 
 
inimqimnnnminnnnjijmitprnimmniiiipnnininimwmm^^^ 
 
 Cork Bricks 
 
 Star Cork Bricks are made from granulated natural cork mixed 
 with a specially refined asphalt binder. 
 
 The mixing process is continued until all the granules of the 
 cork are thoroughly coated and bound together. The wearing qual- 
 ities and service of cork bricks depend upon the thoroughness of 
 this mixing process. Therefore the greatest care is exercised through- 
 out the operation. 
 
 In Star Cork Bricks no granules are used that are too large to 
 go through a %" mesh. This gives density and solidity. The as- 
 phalt binder has a high melting point and when mixed with the fine 
 ground Cork about 30% asphalt and 70% cork makes an unexcelled 
 flooring wherever animals are kept. 
 
 The additional advantages of warmth and resiliency render 
 Cork Brick ideal for this particular purpose. 
 
 The character of the bricks keeps them from becoming hard 
 and cold, and thus protects the animals from the distempers caused 
 by cold floors. 
 
 Such a floor also insures a comfortable, easy and non-slippery 
 footing — absolutely sanitary. Thus for stables, barns, hog and sheep 
 pens, and particularly cow stables — Star Cork Bricks are ideally 
 adapted. 
 
 For pavements and floors in and around workshops and ware- 
 houses, especially where fragile goods are manufactured, Star Cork 
 Bricks are highly recommended, since they will save much of the 
 breakage and damage that would otherwise be caused by falling of 
 breakable goods. 
 
 34 
 
<1IB> 
 
 Ili.uUlll 
 
 SHIHiEEISE^^^ 
 
 An ordinary workman can lay Star Cork Bricks. The bricks 
 may be laid over wood floors, after protecting the wood with a layer 
 of asphalt. 
 
 However, the best practice is to provide a foundation of concrete. 
 See specification No. 23 on page 99. 
 
 Star Cork Bricks are T'y. A'\ 9'^ and as they are laid flat four 
 of them will cover a square foot. Each brick weighs about 2V^. lbs. 
 For shipping information, freights, etc., see pages 145 to 149. 
 
 Crescent Cork Tile or Flooring 
 
 Crescent Cork Tiles are the ideal flooring for all places where 
 the greatest amount of comfort, combined with real sanitary con- 
 ditions are desired. 
 
 Crescent Cork Tilmg laid in the Office, Library, Club, Hospital, 
 School, Church, Bath and Public Buildings of all kinds, will do away 
 with many of the strains that sap our nervous system. It will add 
 to our comfort, during the hours of our work and study as well as 
 during the hours of leisure and recreation. 
 
 A floor laid with Crescent Cork Tiles, being absolutely noise- 
 less, acts as a sound insulator for the floor above and below. Be- 
 sides, being always warm to the foot, non-slippery and elastic to 
 the tread, it gives an incomparable ease in walking as well as stand- 
 ing, and in this respect is superior to any other flooring that can be 
 used. It can be scrubbed with soap and water, and as it is imper- 
 vious to liquids, does not warp or open at the joints. It will not 
 deteriorate, absorb water or allow it to seep through. It is there- 
 fore more sanitary than either hardwood, marble, artificial stone floor- 
 ing, as well as rubber and linoleum coverings. Oils and greases will 
 not affect it. 
 
 ■aaBCEizE^ 
 
 35 
 
luiL»a4ILUuilliii(iiniiLiiiilliiiillu«adllEuJliilDhJLiitii.i 
 
 illllllulliirllu!i:uilliluillll 
 
 Cork Tile Floor in Church of St. Martin of Tours. 
 
 luilUllnllUllunnilliiiirillllilllllllllllluuuililiiiiiill 
 
 P'""i||piIli^iF"'^|/"lIi|(||'^lYT"']P''III'll 
 
 hiiuillUliilJliJlllll!M(niUiill||JILLiiuiiLiliiull 
 
 36 
 
[[mminpiinii 
 :[ii»<if[|J||i„||ii{|||{|„|||{^,„n„|„„iiil{| 
 
 m|[inimi|[mi 
 
 ml (iiii) 
 
 - , 'I- 
 
 IllMiiillllllaiilll 
 
 ulllliJll.illiJlilllliLuli|})>n,llllJlilllnillllllwlllllMilnlih^^ Mnlllllllllllllllllli 
 
 Although somewhat more expensive as to first outlay, it will 
 prove to be a most economical floormg. It needs no repairs. 
 Should, through an accident, a few of the tiles become damaged, 
 they can easily be replaced without disturbing the rest of the flooring. 
 
 Crescent Cork Tiles consist of pure granulated cork shavings 
 obtained in the manufacture of high grade Cork Stoppers. The shav- 
 ings are carefully freed from all hard pieces and foreign matter. 
 
 The proper quantity of cork shavings are placed into iron forms or 
 moulds, and under powerful hydraulic pressure their volume is com- 
 pressed about 1 2 to 1 . The forms are conveyed into ovens and baked 
 for several hours, after which the tiling is ready for cutting and 
 polishing. 
 
 Crescent Cork Tiles are made in three different shades, Hght, 
 medium and dark. They can be cut to any size from 3" x 3'^ to 
 12^^x12" or Oblong sizes such as 2" x 4", 6" x 9", 6"x12", 
 9''xl2'^ 12"x36". A square foot V^" thick is the standard; 
 weight, about 20 ounces. 
 
 By a judicious choice of shades and sizes, neat and attractive 
 designs can be obtained. In connection with the flooring we also 
 furnish a cork cove and base which will greatly improve the sanitary 
 conditions and add to the attractiveness of the flooring. See Speci- 
 fication No. 47, on page 143. 
 
 If the installation is entrusted to us or our authorized agents, 
 we will give a full guarantee covering the perfect workmanship as 
 well as the wearing quahty and services of the flooring. 
 
 37 
 
■ECIEiailiS^ 
 
 Conclusion 
 
 The judicious selection of the proper cork product is a matter 
 governed by individual conditions that attach to each particular 
 case. 
 
 For each purpose and under each condition there is one "best 
 to use". We can assist you to choose this one best! 
 
 Our broad experience with Cork in every conceivable form of 
 construction, in all climates and under all conditions has given our 
 organization of experts an impressively broad practical knowledge. 
 
 The fruits of their experience are yours for the asking; we are 
 always at the command of interested seekers of information upon 
 any phase of Cork Installation. 
 
 Do not hesitate to ask our co-operation in solving your problems 
 • — whatever they may be. 
 
 lill^n»W¥T™T"F'"liiP''""ir'™T'''^l'F1illl(P'^T""¥"'IPl^^^ 
 
 38 
 
IIIE! 
 
 irnr 
 
 IDnlllllyillllllliui 
 
 iiniii|pnniiniiiini|n||||||||||l|pMnni 
 
 liilliluiiniiilliiiiiiii 
 
 iiiiiiia 
 
 :ij|iiin||l|I"ini|||)rm|||ii]||||n|||||||nim 
 
 lii..iiilllHllliiJLllllii(!llliilllnii«i 
 
 l'"""l|ll'"l|P"l||||""""lj 
 
 tliiiiillMl 
 
 JDnni|miTii||| 
 iimiilliimUll 
 
 Construction T)ata 
 
 PART II 
 (Pages 39 to 50 mclusive) 
 
 !n]|ii || |i Mu ui| m i m ii i mai i|| | | ||[|||[| | ||i|i i inni 
 InliUluinniUiiindllnllllliiiaua 
 
 iJIPjmrapiraimiin'nilj 
 
 ';'7(f":yinil'lT^r'"::, 
 
 iilhll»lllllLniuJliiillliJlJu;i>.iiiiuiui 
 
''l''™^fl'™"l!lili'"""'ll|i' 
 jl .■;;! Ill) (iiiiii 
 
 lUiuUU 
 
 
 imnnnmriiiiiii 
 
 :;iii(k;:;- 
 
 rttluitiiijilliuiUill 
 
 General Recommendations and Suggestions Relating to 
 Construction and Installation 
 
 In designing the proper insulation there are several factors to 
 be considered which are likely to be different in every plant. They 
 are: 
 
 1. — The temperatures to be maintained in the refrigerated rooms 
 as well as the temperature outside surrounding the cold 
 rooms. 
 
 2.- — Climatic and atmospheric conditions. 
 
 3. — The kmd of building, whether Frame, Brick, Stone, Concrete 
 or Hollow Building Blocks. 
 
 4. — The thickness of walls, ceiling and floors to which the in- 
 sulation is to be applied. 
 
 5. — The kind of goods to be stored in the rooms. 
 
 6. — The cost of producing refrigeration. 
 
 Subject to these factors we have compiled the following tables 
 giving thicknesses of Corkboard that should be used for the various 
 temperatures mdicated. Under ordmary conditions these thicknesses 
 have been found to give most economic results. 
 
 liiilllaiiUuiliiJbunnillu.nilllillillllllu,,adllii..dlli,.IOlillJkJliilll)A 
 
 40 
 
• ,111.11,11111 <|""vl"^ 
 
 IIialluillllliiUIIOiiiiiTilliiiiiillllllllllllllllluuiiiilliiiiiUl 
 
 «_— - 
 
 nniinirniM 
 
 iillli(lliiiiiiiiiuimiil 
 
 TABLE OF THICKNESSES 
 
 R.OOMS OR. BUILDINGS 
 
 THICKNESSES OF CORKBOARD RECOMMENDED FOR 
 
 Range of 
 Temperatures 
 
 Below -15°F. 
 -15°F. to -5°F. 
 
 -5°F. 
 10° F. 
 25°F. 
 40°F 
 50°F. 
 60° F. 
 
 to 10°F. 
 to 25° F. 
 to 40°F. 
 to 50° F. 
 
 to 65°F. 
 & above. 
 
 Walls 
 
 Crescent Star 
 
 8" 1 9 " 
 
 7" ' 8 " 
 
 6" ; 7 " 
 
 5" I 5^" 
 
 4" 41^" 
 
 3" ' 3 " 
 
 9// I 9 tr 
 
 Ceilings 
 
 Crescent 
 
 Star 
 
 8" 
 
 9 " 
 
 7" 
 
 8 " 
 
 6" 
 
 7 " 
 
 5" 
 
 5^" 
 
 4" 
 
 4/2" 
 
 3" 
 
 3 " 
 
 2" 
 
 2 " 
 
 Floors 
 
 Floors 
 
 
 
 On Ground 
 
 Above Ground 
 
 Roofs 
 
 Crescent 
 
 Star 
 
 Crescent 
 
 Star 
 
 Crescent 
 
 Star 
 
 7" 
 
 7" 
 
 8" 
 
 9 " 
 
 9" 
 
 9 " 
 
 6" 
 
 6" 
 
 7" 
 
 8 " 
 
 8" 
 
 8 " 
 
 5" 
 
 5" 
 
 6" 
 
 ™ // 
 
 I 
 
 IV2" 
 
 4" 
 
 4" 
 
 5" 
 
 0V2" 
 
 6" 
 
 7 " 
 
 3" 
 
 3" 
 
 4" 
 
 W2" 
 
 5" 
 
 6 " 
 
 2" 
 
 0" 
 
 3" 
 
 3 " 
 
 4" 
 
 5 " 
 
 
 
 2" 
 
 2 " 
 
 3" 
 
 2" 
 
 4 " 
 2 " 
 
 FREEZING TANKS 
 
 THICKNESoES OF CORKBOARD RECOMMENDED FOR 
 
 Bottoms 
 
 Sides 
 
 If placed on 
 foundation laid 
 on ground. 
 
 If placed on 
 floor above 
 ground. 
 
 If placed di- 
 rectly over re- 
 frigerated 
 rooms. 
 
 Granulated 
 Cork only. 
 
 Granulated Cork and 
 Oorkboard combined. 
 
 Crescent 
 
 Minimum 5" 
 Preferably 6" 
 
 Star 
 
 5" 
 
 6" 
 
 Crescent 
 5" 
 6" 
 
 Star 
 6" 
 
 7" 
 
 Crescent 
 . 4" 
 4" 
 
 Star 
 
 4" 
 
 4" 
 
 8" 
 12" 
 
 Granulated, Crescent Star 
 ^oT,"^- ! 4" 4" 
 
 \n 3" 1 3" 
 .„ 9" 1 0" 
 
 CYLINDRICAL COOLERS, TANKS AND FILTERS 
 FOR COLD LIQUIDS 
 
 THICKNESSES OF CORKBOARD RECOMMENDED FOR 
 
 Range of Temperatures 
 
 Sides 
 
 Top 
 
 Bottom 
 
 
 Crescent 
 
 Crescent 
 
 Crescent 
 
 Below 0°F 
 
 6 " 
 
 6 " 
 
 6 " 
 
 0°F. to 10°F 
 
 5 " 
 
 5 " 
 
 5 " 
 
 10°F. to 25°F 
 
 4 " 
 
 4 " 
 
 4 " 
 
 25°F. to 45°F 
 
 3 " 
 
 3 " 
 
 3 " 
 
 45°F. to 55°F 
 
 2 " 
 
 2 " 
 
 2 " 
 
 55°F. & above 
 
 l>-2" 
 
 WJ' 
 
 li<" 
 
 CYLINDRICAL TANKS, FILTERS, Etc. 
 FOR HOT LIQUIDS 
 
 THICKNESSES OF CORKBOARD RECOMMENDED FOR 
 
 Range of Temperatures 
 
 Sides 
 
 Top 
 
 Bottom 
 
 100°F. to 150°F 
 
 150°F. to 190°F 
 
 190°F. to 212°F 
 
 Crescent 
 
 2 " 
 ' 3 " 
 
 Crescent 
 
 IH" 
 
 2 " 
 
 3 " 
 
 Crescent 
 
 iK'" 
 
 2 " 
 
 3 " 
 
 iimininniinnii|minnm|ii]ii|ipnnm||jnimmmMniimir|iw 
 
 liJiiJliM 
 
 Pliniraniliiiinniinnniniiniiirwii 
 IllguulllLllllliiiUuJIIIIiillMiiniiilliiiiii'.lllll 
 
 41 
 
IIL<iill(iyillioyiuliunnilLniiUlllllllillu„udlli.uillJiJOlillJllyliii^ 
 
 nnnnirnii 
 lluillrflluiiniiiuiuiilll 
 
 To obtain the highest operating efficiency, however, it is neces- 
 sary to employ not only the proper thicknesses of Corkboard, but 
 to use the right kind of building construction as well. 
 
 Walls and Ceilings 
 
 One of the greatest advantages of Corkboard is that it affords 
 solid construction — actually becoming a part of the building. This 
 advantage is frequently counteracted by the use of improper building 
 materials. 
 
 Experience has demonstrated that air spaces in combination with 
 Corkboard are detrimental to the efficiency of the insulation. They 
 should be avoided for all cold storage work. Hollow building mate- 
 rials are not air tight. The air m the hollow spaces surrounding a cold 
 room must necessarily become cooler than the outside temperature. 
 The result of this difference in temperature will cause condensation of 
 the moisture in the air in the hollow spaces, and in time water will find 
 its way through the joints of the insulation. 
 
 Where hollow spaces are used or exist the surfaces should be 
 made as air-tight as possible and if the insulation is applied in two 
 
 aioiiii 
 
 agsasazniai 
 
 42 
 
«P1" 
 
 lillUIQlllllillhiiill 
 
 inimrnnlmmffl 
 
 lllniull 
 
 IlliiiUl 
 
 h!!!iiLiii,Jl,iiiin«JljiiiJ||JL,;;i5 
 
 Reid, Murdock & Co. Plant at Chicago, 111., in which about Twelve 
 Carloads of Crescent Corkboard Insulation is Installed. 
 
 courses, all joints in the first course of Corkboard should be sealed 
 with water-proofed cement before applying the second course. 
 
 Where frame ceilings or rooms directly under attics or ventilat- 
 ing lofts are insulated from the under side the joists should be left 
 open on top and where ceilings are insulated from the top side or 
 floor above the under side of joists should not be sheathed over, but 
 left exposed. 
 
 Columns, Beams and Girders 
 
 In many instances too little attention has been paid to the in- 
 sulation of columns, beams or girders. It is just as necessary to pro- 
 tect them as any other part of the building. Particular attention 
 should be given to columns in the lowest floor if the temperatures 
 maintained are below freezing. The earth around the base of un- 
 protected columns will freeze and expand to such an extent that 
 serious damage to the building itself may occur. 
 
 Roofs 
 
 Adequate roof insulation is of still greater importance than that 
 of floors or walls. Roofs are the greatest exposure of any build- 
 
 nnnnminiii 
 IfufniUiiiliillllluilliilliiimMrLmiUl 
 
 43 
 
iiLdiiMiJI 
 
 [I mm 
 il (llli» 
 
 llliiuud 
 
 liiiiial 
 
 • i 
 
 biiiiill 
 
 ii,iili).,ll..iiiiiii..<niuJlilliiiJlll».miLiu;uil 
 
 ing. Walls with northern exposure receive little or no sun; walls fac- 
 ing east, south or west may be exposed for several hours, but the 
 roofs get the full effect of the direct rays of the sun all day long. 
 Roofs, therefore, always should receive at least one inch, but prefer- 
 ably two inches more Corkboard than walls. 
 
 Roof insulation has now also found wide adaptation in many 
 lines of industries for prevention of condensation (sweating). Or- 
 dinarily one course of two-inch thick Corkboard will overcome this 
 trouble completely. 
 
 Cork Partitions 
 
 Cork partitions have remarkable strength, but are not intended 
 to carry loads. This type of construction is recommended for formmg 
 walls of coolers not occupying the entire story of a building, or for 
 making divisions between rooms. No studding or reinforcing other 
 than the cement mortar or plaster is required, excepting wooden 
 frames at door or window openings. Where it is desirable not to 
 build coolers to the full height of the story in which they are located, 
 
 'r ,r.^ J if 
 
 
 About Fifteen Carloads of Star and Crescent Corkboard were 
 Used in Insulating this Plant of Nuckalls Packing Co., 
 Pueblo, Cal. 
 
 and it is found impracticable to suspend a ceiling from the floor 
 above, the cork partitions may be reinforced with tee irons to carry 
 the weight of the roof or ceiling. 
 
 Coil Lofts or Bunkers 
 
 In some lines of trade, for example, meat packing, the desired 
 result can only be obtained if the coolers are equipped with coil 
 
 3SI1F'"»'''^^=^'^""'"^ 
 
 pnnm|mnnnniiiiinnjr|ii 
 
 44 
 
nnrnmi 
 
 II ini 
 
 llimiiiliiiiiii 
 
 jlimi 
 
 <llll"| <1 
 Unudlllliiillllliri 
 
 [iimra[nnnH|i|.i](iiim|||||pnn™mni|[||in||pn|[|iui»im^^ 
 
 lofts or bunkers. They induce air circulation. If the floors and cur- 
 tain walls of bunkers are insulated, the circulation will be promoted 
 and besides condensation of moisture on the under side of the bunker 
 floor will be prevented. One course of 2" or 3" Corkboard will ac- 
 complish the desired result. This may be erected in hot asphalt and 
 top coated with asphalt, then protected with water-proofing and con- 
 crete or asphalt mastic finish ; or with % T. & G. boards covered with 
 a water tight metal pan. 
 
 Floors on Ground 
 
 The importance of insulating ground floors is now generally 
 recognized. The temperature of the ground is about 55 F., and 
 remains fairly constant the year round. It is, therefore, of equal 
 
 Loft's Candy Edctory 
 
 
 ice House of 
 Geo. Gould at 
 N.Y. 
 
 Fisheries 
 
 ' Co, 
 
 Another group show- 
 ing the widely varied 
 industries to which 
 our Insulation is emi- 
 nently adapted. 
 
 
 [innnnnm!niiimi|]| 
 linniliiiiuill 
 
 i|liinm 
 
 llUaud 
 
 Iimnn! 
 
 [|)lLiihiniiajjlllli)h!LlllIlil.<(niUiaLllllllJlilLiilLl'mUll^ 
 
 45 
 
■aaiasGsa^^ 
 
 importance to insulate a floor on the ground as it is to insulate the 
 walls or the ceiling. Not only will there be a great saving of re- 
 frigeration, but unless the floors of freezing rooms are adequately 
 insulated the ground will freeze gradually and cause an upheaval 
 of the floor or even a derangement of the building's foundations. For 
 this reason freezers with temperatures below 25 °F. should always be 
 located in the upper stories of a building. 
 
 Freezing Tanks 
 
 Freezing tanks should always be well insulated. The ice making 
 capacity will be increased considerably if the bottoms and sides of 
 tanks are insulated with the thicknesses given in the foregoing table. 
 Particular care for ample insulation should be given to the bottoms 
 when placed on the ground. There are numerous cases on record where 
 the bottoms of freezing tanks were forced up to such an extent that the 
 tanks became useless and had to be replaced. 
 
 For insulatmg the exposed sides of tanks, a combination of 
 Corkboard and Granulated Cork is preferable to all other methodso 
 On account of the lapped seams of the tanks and the protruding 
 rivets, it is difficult to fit the Corkboard against the tank without leav- 
 ing intervening spaces. 
 
 Continuous Insulation 
 
 Complete msulation of a cold storage building is attained when 
 the insulation of the walls, floors and ceiling is continuous and the 
 cold storage spaces of the building are completely enveloped. It is 
 obvious that this type of construction will result in the greatest 
 operating efficiency by reducing the loss of refrigeration to a mini- 
 mum. Nearly all the large cold storages erected during the last few 
 years are built along these lines. ; [^^t^V 
 
 The section on the opposite page illustrates this present-day 
 type of cold storage building construction. The building was de- 
 signed for one of our large packing houses. It is of the so-called mush- 
 room type, reinforced concrete construction, enclosed with brick curtain 
 walls erected so as to leave sufficient space between the walls and 
 edges of floor slabs, columns and beams to receive the proper thick- 
 ness of insulation. The walls are entirely independent of the interior 
 structure (excepting for galvanized iron anchors at intervals), and 
 do not carry any of the live load of the storage. 
 
 The building is shown greatly reduced in size and illustrates how 
 a large structure may be divided in two parts and yet completely 
 insulate one section by erecting a self supported (solid) cork parti- 
 
 Eiai35lH2aZIH3iB 
 
 jj|ni'nrij|)jinmmmiini][nii[j]|jni 
 (llllll •''"■""" ■'' 
 
 llllllUjdiillBUllI 
 
 46 
 
iLi<adlUliluitLJiii(>mnillm<nllllllillllll>.uudii..>illll.<lllliJll.ii[^^ 
 
 !!!I3IiM?Mi3l3M 
 
 ;;iiilf .,;;:• 
 
 IHIIIIIlUlUlUlll 
 
 47 
 
ITireTKllR 
 
 lllidHlllllllillllllUaiid 
 
 tllllllllj 
 
 .Afiiii'lm'JLi 
 
 irflluiiiuiiUimili 
 
 tion between split concrete columns and beams from the first story 
 floor to the top of roof. The only break in the insulation is at points 
 where iron anchors connect the walls with the interior structure. 
 Nails, Discs and Skewers 
 A word in regard to the use of nails, discs and skewers will not 
 be amiss here. Galvanized wire nails or skewers should always be used 
 in erecting Corkboard insulation. Common wire nails are useless as 
 they will rust away. 
 
 Where Corkboards are secured together, wooden skewers may 
 be used. They are preferred by some engineers on account of being 
 
 Plant of King Candy Co., Fort Worth, Texas, Insulated with Star and 
 Crescent Corkboard 
 
 Bay City Brewing Co.'s Brewery, San Diego, Cal., Insulated with 
 Star Corkboard. 
 
 IP 
 
 IllDnllfll 
 
 ii3aiES3Il^^ 
 
 48 
 
iniiii"riii"ii"'f"""'r""ii"""''iiiiiiiiii''"'""' 
 
 ILnllij|llliill!llll!Ji!iimJL<:Mlliliylillllllm»d 
 
 lJiiini|jl|li"ni||nH((||iiii||i|i]|||||||imrfflllinnm]||ii|i||ii||l[|lwniim^ 
 
 li..„iilll..ll!i.ilL 
 
 toiuiltlnrilllliilll 
 
 better non-conductors as compared to nails. Skewers should be made 
 of hard wood from 3/16" to 14'' thick and V:i' to 1" longer than 
 the two thicknesses of Corkboard. 
 
 The special galvanized wire nails called for in our specifications 
 are made of small gauge to reduce the amount of metal and with 
 extra large flat head to give them more holdmg power. 
 
 When two courses of Corkboard are erected to the underside 
 of frame ceilings, the first course nailed and the second course 
 erected in cement mortar with plaster finish, it is advisable to use 
 galvanized iron discs of about 24-gauge and \Y\" diameter for se- 
 curely holding the first course in place. There is considerable weight 
 to the cement mortar and plaster finish which would be sufficient to 
 pull the first course of Corkboard over ordinary nail heads. Two or 
 three special nails and one disc to each square foot of surface is 
 all that is necessary. 
 
 A full stock of special galvanized nails, wooden skewers and 
 galvanized iron discs is always carried at the factory and at all 
 Branch warehouses of the United Cork Companies. 
 
 ^""B^^HFiiSiS^^ 
 
 Port Commission Bldg., Seattle, Wash. A Million and a 
 
 Half Feet of Crescent Corkboard was Used 
 
 in the Insulation of this Building. 
 
 imiljii 
 
 «Flf'4'«' , 
 
 UJUIInUUIliinniliiuiiillllllllllllllllliinuamiiiiilll 
 
 l)JliiJlllli!..iniUiiilllllJIUIniiujirLulll 
 
 49 
 
Ritz-Carlton, Philadelphia 
 
 All Refrigerators in this Hotel were built and installed by us. 
 Crescent Corkboard- was used throughout. 
 
 piimiiin n | i iniiiii | ji i n ni|[ | 
 
 pinnii] 
 
 yillliillll&linniliiiiiiUlllllllllllilllluuuil 
 
 imnini(n|iii 
 
 iiiiiiiiii 
 
 nntmnimijii 
 
 iriiihiiUiiiyiiiiiiiiiiuniiJlhiiHidUllliilulLillllLfniyidl 
 
 50 
 
 nnniinill 
 IlillbiiiiuiiUiifiUl 
 
■in2ii3:a^^ 
 
 Specifications 
 
 PART III 
 
 (Pages 51 to 144 inclusive) 
 
 inii||jini|pwiinnniiiu..i||ininimn^ 
 
 lamiLiy 
 
 ' 1l„ll,ailllli;,(niu.]lii' 
 
 jmnnnniiniM] 
 illllllllllJIIUIUlUll 
 
loinilyy 
 
 iMliniiill.mrillillllllJllllim.dliu.,ialll<illlliJIIJIll.Jlilillh^ 
 
 Specifications 
 
 On the following pages we give detailed specifications accom- 
 panied by illustrations showing practically every type of construction 
 that may be employed in old as well as new buildings. 
 
 Years of study by a corps of expert engineers have developed 
 these methods of erection. We recommend that they be used as given, 
 suiting the thickness of corkboard to the temperatures desired to be 
 maintained. 
 
 There will of course occur special constructions for particular 
 purposes; or unusual atmospheric conditions, temperatures, etc., may 
 have to be met. For such cases separate and individual consideration 
 is required. We cannot too strongly advise consulting experienced 
 engineers before going ahead with any work of this kind. 
 
 Upon application any one of our offices will be pleased to give 
 such aid and advice as may be asked for. Our experience as well as 
 the advice of our engineers is always at the service of those interested. 
 
 nin|™in|liiniinnpfmi|ijiimi|m|]i|i|nm]|iiinm 
 
 III i ill "4 '"\* 
 
 IliiJIIIllillllilliirillmiiiiliiiiirilllilllllllllliimia 
 
 lllllllll 
 
 |niinM(|iii(p«i||ii|]||||||nmiimiinni|||nn||pii|||||iiiiiHri||iinn 
 Jij||li.illill|[|iniHiiirHrillli,illlllli.lliiilllllln(lllll 
 
 iiillllllul 
 
 n||||nnni||)iiiii| 
 ifliiiriiiiiiUiuillll 
 
 52 
 
inrailfinm|||jimnii][|im|||^^ 
 
 # I '""J ^1 if •[ 'it' F/li (h" "'" I' " 1 11 ' Jllk,"' 
 iii.iallli<llllill,JbclliiiltlnutdIIhriiiillUlllllllliilliilllllll"<niUijliill^^ 
 
 NOTE 
 
 Cement Plaster Finish 
 
 Portland Cement Plaster is the best and most durable 
 finish for corkboard insulation^ but it will develop shrinkage 
 cracks to some extent. The mixture of cement mortar as spe- 
 cified will give best results but cannot be guaranteed to be en- 
 tirely free from cracking. Such cracks, however, do not impair 
 the efficiency of the insulation, and if the surfaces are scored 
 off in squares as specified the cracking zuill occur in the score 
 marks and will not shozu. 
 
 The aboi^e note is referred to in all specifications call- 
 ing for cement plaster finish. 
 
 Wmm nw nipifiininniinininiiiinij 
 
 ni'nni 
 
 laijoJjyiii;;: 
 
 53 
 
 )n,iiilli,iliiilii!!iiili!i&(lllUialidllllJI<ilL»iiiibiui<>illli^ 
 
iDooliyLyiiilllUiinnilliuauillllilllluuudbiiiiiillllMObJIlJIIiiillll 
 
 lbiLiXtiiMcilllilhllirlllliLfniUijy||iJliJLKl"ji!liiuiiii 
 
 ^ ^^^^ ^tv.iyvi<;Cj>^^^K;j»^r - -l Vi^'^^ ^ 
 
 7fc5!r?;^^t%ii^»*=TT^ 
 
 B 
 
 ^/^^/ CO/^KBOAKO -v;;": 
 
 « ii c. ijy< "ir/'-X';i > ^^-jj^lv,'>r^^^^ 
 
 
 V '»',''' 
 
 ^L^\//IT/OA/ 
 
 
 /='L./IN 
 
 ^S^^^^^^^S^^^^k 
 
 54 
 
uuiiuiitiiiiiiiiiuuuiiliuiiiiiliiiiiiillLiliJ 
 
 E|mmnii[]|in(iiiim|[jiuiiiiinj[)iin|||jii 
 
 inn||iinii 
 
 „ Jlk;;:- 
 
 illUlliilllilluuuiiiUiUllII 
 
 No. 1 
 
 WALLS— Masonry 
 
 One Course of Corkboard 
 
 Applied with Cement 
 
 to Brick Concrete or Stone 
 Cement Plaster Finish 
 
 Two, Three or Four inch STAR or CRESCENT Corkboard 
 may be erected according to the following specification : 
 (See page 41 for recommendations of thicknesses.) 
 
 The walls are to be insulated with a single course of 
 
 inch Corkboard applied with a ^" bed of Portland 
 
 cement mortar mixed one part cement and two parts clean, 
 sharp sand. Corkboards are to be butted up close making tight 
 fitting joints, and all vertical joints are to be broken. The exposed 
 cork surface is to be finished with approximately ^" Portland 
 cement plaster applied in two coats, mixed one part Portland 
 cement and two parts clean, sharp sand. The second coat is 
 to be floated or trowelled to a smooth and even finish and scored 
 off in squares of not over five feet. 
 
 See note page 53. 
 
 liiuuuiuiuiillLJIIitJll.lyii! 
 
 liilllllllullliilliiimiiiUiuilIlil 
 
 55 
 
iDiiilJiJlidl 
 
 ii351l3Sa 
 
 ^L^Il^AT/Or^ 
 
 ^0/^Tl.AfVa C.£M£i/>/T' P'A/i^T-^^ 
 
 
 /=>2./iN 
 
 Pi]|BnmiiroYf'n^"*^llP"''"''!ir'"T''"^ 
 
 56 
 
nnni|niiiii||| 
 
 1(1'.;;;."' 
 
 IliiiilllllliilllilllunuiiiUiuilllil 
 
 No. 2 
 
 y^AlA.^— Masonry 
 
 Two Courses of Corkboard 
 
 Applied with Cement 
 
 to Brick Concrete or Stone 
 Cement Plaster Finish 
 
 Four, Five, Six, Seven or Eight inches of STAR or CRES- 
 CENT Corkboard may be erected according to the following 
 specification : 
 
 (Sec page 41 for recommendations of thicknesses.) 
 
 The walls are to be insulated with inches of 
 
 corkboard in two courses. The first course is to be inches 
 
 thick applied with a Y2" bed of Portland cement mortar, mixed 
 one part cement and two parts clean, sharp sand. The second 
 
 course is to be inches thick applied against the first course 
 
 with a ^" bed of Portland cement mortar and additionally se- 
 cured with wood skewers or special galvanized wire nails of 
 proper length. All corkboards are to be butted up close making 
 tight fitting joints. All vertical joints in the first course are to 
 be broken and all joints in the second course are to be broken 
 in both directions with the joints in the first course. The ex- 
 posed cork surface is to be finished with approximately J/2" Port- 
 land cement plaster, applied in two coats, mixed one part cement 
 and two parts clean, sharp sand. The second coat is to be floated 
 or trowelled to a smooth and even finish and scored off in squares 
 of not over five feet. 
 
 See note page 53. 
 
 ||niPl|||]ii|iin|fii]|in[miniiKiniiirniiin)i||i|]|][|[|n|m 
 lllimndlliiilllliiilliiiliJlbnmllu.iMlll{lillliiiN.uiilii.i.^ 
 
 67 
 
iiiiniiiiiiiifiwi^iT''™'!'™^^^ 
 
 illi[!iZJiii!Jla^^^^^ 
 
 — -i 
 
 CO^KJSOJ^fza 
 
 rLfZV^T/OA/ 
 
 
 /^L^Af 
 
 iiirui|jinmiijjmmii[||]j|i|n[jn|iiinin lirinnrnnnnnnjiininii 
 
 in.ldlLrillulluJt.ilunuilLl!uJlllllllllll!!!iS 
 
 58 
 
 iiiiiUl 
 
 ifniuubil 
 
 llllJiillLiiuilUluiUl 
 
ipinymni||in(iin^[jjnmi.ni||jn([miinim ^ 
 
 fLiXniill|JlJlii)iJljlll!.,(niUiuLillllJ 
 
 No. 3 
 
 WALLS— Maso77ry 
 
 One Course of Corkboard 
 
 Applied with Asphalt Cement 
 
 to Brick or Concrete 
 Cement Plaster Finish 
 
 Two, Three or P^our inch STAR or CRESCENT Corkboard 
 may be erected according to the following specification: 
 (See page 41 for recommendations of thicknesses.) 
 
 The walls are to be insulated with a single course of 
 
 inch corkboard applied with hot asphalt cement. Before 
 
 applying the corkboard the walls are to be mopped with hot 
 asphalt. All corkboards are to be butted up close making tight 
 fitting joints and all vertical joints are to be broken. The ex- 
 posed cork surface is to be finished with approximately H" 
 Portland cement plaster applied in two coats mixed one part 
 Portland cement and two parts clean, sharp sand. The second 
 coat is to be floated or trowelled to a smooth and even finish 
 and scored off in squares of not over five feet. 
 
 See note page 53. 
 
 uillllliiUllItiinnilliiigilllHimiliuaiidUiiiuilliy 
 
 59 
 
 nmni|!n[|mrnnmiiiii| 
 
 IllllltuilirfluillllJllUlUIIIll 
 
raaziK;* 
 
 /f~^^K^7~/0/V 
 
 HOT' /=?^f='^/7l.T- C£r'7£iN'r 
 
 ^L^N 
 
 w^^^B^^^s^^m. 
 
 GO 
 
iiiiin||iinniTnRmi|{ 
 
 J! ill ■•'" •• , 
 
 inimni||jiiinn]i 
 
 liiiuHllliiiillI 
 
 |ii'mpi][|i'|j'™"'lP""'')|| 
 
 llH»lll|ridliiiilllnJliilll!IU..(niUlJiiilhJIIJLnumbiuiulll 
 
 No. 4 
 
 WALLS— Masonry 
 
 Two Courses of Corkboard 
 
 Applied with Asphalt Cement 
 
 to Brick or Concrete 
 Cement Plaster Finish 
 
 Four, Five, Six, Seven or Eight inches of STAR or CRES- 
 CENT Corkboard may be erected according to the following 
 specification : 
 
 (See page 41 for recoinmendations of thicknesses.) 
 
 The walls are to be insulated with inches of 
 
 corkboard in two courses. Before applying the corkboard, the 
 walls are to be mopped with hot asphalt. The first course of 
 corkboard is to be inches thick applied with hot as- 
 phalt cement. The second course of corkboard is to be 
 
 inches thick applied against the first course with hot asphalt 
 cement and additionally secured with wood skewers or special 
 galvanized wire nails of proper length. All corkboards are to 
 be butted up close making tight fitting joints. All vertical joints 
 in the first course are to be broken and all joints in the second 
 course are to be broken in both directions with the joints in the 
 first course. The exposed cork surface is to be finished with 
 approximately ^" Portland cement plaster applied in two coats 
 mixed one part Portland cement and two parts clean, sharp sand. 
 The second coat is to be floated or trowelled to a smooth and 
 even finish and scored off in squares of not over five feet. 
 
 See note page -53. 
 
 iiaiasHa 
 
 nnnnnirnii 
 lliflliiriiiMlUluiU 
 
 61 
 
■lEEllEllSBCaaHS^^ 
 
 £'L£l/'/}T/0/V 
 
 '^•}i''b\4M'^^% 
 
 
 
 /^z./i/v 
 
 bnillljiiiilliiiirillllLniUiaLilllJldllniiiuiiLiul 
 
 62 
 
Tinmnniwniiinnnnit|niimiii 
 IIUUUIInllllDliniillhiiiillllllllllllllllllUuiiilllliiiilll 
 
 ninnii|mninr(||jjim.irn||)n 
 bluilliuiill|jlllii.lli<lllllll..ini 
 
 "WII''™"'IP""" 
 
 :iiil '.;;;:■ 
 
 IlllllllllllillllillllUlllllUlUl 
 
 No. 5 
 
 yVMlJ^—Masoi2ry 
 
 Two Courses of Corkboard 
 
 Applied with Cement and Asphalt 
 
 to Brick Concrete or Stone 
 Cement Plaster Finish 
 
 Four, Five, Six. Seven or Eight inches of STAR or CRES- 
 CENT Corkboard ma\f be erected according to the following 
 specification : 
 
 (See page 41 for recomnicndations of thicknesses.) 
 
 The walls are to be insulated with inches of 
 
 corkboard in two courses. The first course is to be inches 
 
 thick applied with a Yz" bed of Portland cement mortar, mixed 
 one part cement and two parts clean, sharp sand. The second 
 
 course is to be inches thick applied against the first course 
 
 with hot asphalt cement and additionally secured with wood 
 skewers or special galvanized wire nails of proper length. All 
 corkboards are to be butted up close making tight fitting joints. 
 All vertical joints in the first course are to be broken and all 
 joints in the second course are to be broken in both directions 
 with the joints in the first course. The exposed cork surface is 
 to be finished with approximately Yz" Portland cement plaster, 
 applied in two coats, mixed one part Portland cement and two 
 parts clean, sharp sand. The second coat is to be floated or 
 trowelled to a smooth and even finish and scored off in squares 
 of not over five feet. 
 
 See note page 53. 
 
 iqpnnilpnn'lfillinniJIllpiMflimqilpnnMf 
 
 m 
 
„<IP (I 
 
 'lIlliiiiiiilUliiuill 
 
 jni.;iLii)h]liiiilli)nZlil!.ii(liiliJl..iiLniu.;i 
 
 in|immmni|nimii 
 illlllluilliiluiiiniiibiuiUll 
 
 ^L£l^AT/0/^ 
 
 CO/^K0OAf^D 
 CO^KS OA/?D 
 
 rAmmm^^wmmmiiWim^m 
 
 /=>L/iA/ 
 
 ■iCOijEElI 
 
 'FlIPrarT 
 
 lirlUllUinnli»iiilllllllllllllllui,.i]||i..uillll>JlhiJli.illl/lii 
 
 2im;S!I0i!ll 
 
 64 
 
BEEEliaili 
 
 No. 6 
 
 y^ALL^— Masonry 
 
 Two Courses of Corkboard 
 
 Applied with Cement 
 
 to Brick Concrete or Stone 
 Glazed Tile or Brick Finish 
 
 Four, Five, Six, Seven or Eight inches of STAR or CRES- 
 CENT Corkboard may be erected according to the following 
 specification : 
 
 (Sec page 41 for recommendations of thicknesses.) 
 
 The walls are to be insulated with inches of 
 
 corkboard in two courses. The first course is to be inches 
 
 thick applied with a ^" bed of Portland cement mortar, mixed 
 one part cement and two parts clean, sharp sand. The second course 
 
 is to be inches thick applied against the first course with 
 
 a ^" bed of Portland cement mortar and additionally secured 
 with wood skewers or special galvanized wire nails of proper 
 length. All corkboards are to be butted up close making tight 
 fitting joints. All vertical joints in the first course are to be 
 broken and all joints in the second course are to be broken in 
 both directions with the joints in the first course. The exposed 
 cork surface is to receive an extra heavy coat of Portland cement 
 plaster, mixed one part Portland cement and two parts clean, 
 sharp sand, floated to a reasonably even and true surface and 
 left rough scratched for the glazed tile or brick finish. 
 
 mm 
 luiiiiiO 
 
 65 
 
 l,.»iUlJllllllnlLlllllll.rfniuJ 
 
 innnmiiiii 
 illlllliiilliillmmiiiUiuiill 
 
liiBiii||jlliiiiii|||m[fII 
 
 ifiuiudil 
 
 IJHIif 
 
 teiJiiiuiiiyllllilliiiyillLiiniuijLiiiuilliiiljiinuiiyiuiuill 
 
 p^< ^|lflli|^l|i§ll|Si 
 
 
 i 
 
 £L£VA TION 
 
 %■ 
 
 J4L 
 
 - >5H£ATH/NG 
 r ^raoD/f^G 
 
 F 
 
 t 
 
 
 M^ _M 1^ 
 
 1 
 
 ^ 
 
 /=>/.y4A/ 
 
 "I'WIIT"™' """"(I'" 
 
 idlLlluiyiiilimmllni 
 
 inimq||inimm 
 
 (Uiiii iiir 
 
 iimiiilliiiiiilllUlllllllillliuiiuiilltiiii 
 
 IHiEEEEaiB 
 
 [nnnTi|i]ii;i|nii7jj]jjjjjppimmnilj||jni||ini||[puMni 
 ,JI|bl,£JllllllnJlhi;»iUyillll(II.JIi,i 
 
 66 
 
, ,:3i|iiii>;!||f #'# ■" 
 
 UuJlllliillllllDnumiiiiuilUyillillilliiiuiialluiniiil 
 
 No. 7 
 
 WALLS- — -Frame 
 
 One Course of Corkboard 
 
 Xailed to 
 
 Frame Walls 
 Cement Plaster Finish 
 
 Two, Three or Four inch STAR or CRESCEXT Corkboard 
 ma}- be erected according to the following" specification : 
 (See page 41 for reconiinendations of thicknesses.) 
 
 The walls are to be insulated with two la^-ers of waterproof 
 insulation paper lapped not less than three inches followed by 
 
 a single course of inch corkboard securely fastened 
 
 with special galvanized wire nails of proper length. Corkboards 
 are to be butted up close making tight fitting joints and all 
 vertical joints are to be broken. The exposed cork surface is 
 to be finished with approximately ^" Portland cement plaster, 
 applied in two coats, mixed one part Portland cement and two 
 parts clean, sharp sand. The second coat is to be floated or 
 trowelled to a smooth and even finish and scored off in squares 
 of not over five feet. 
 
 See note page 53. 
 
 lJuiiii.JLiiiiiiL'jniuli:ljiiJLIL;mnii.'u;>'il'!J 
 
[nmnijiiimitii] 
 J« m] 
 
 llllilllllllilllliinillllnimllllllllllllllillliualllllliullll 
 
 4Ulliil..ll..lllllLniUiJ 
 
 iranniinill 
 iillllliiillitlin!iniiiUiuiUI 
 
 ^L^l//l7-/0/V 
 
 r 
 
 
 1 — /4/^TJE/^p'/^00^ /='/^/='^/^ 
 
 
 iM 
 
 '^sj^iijii^^iiiiiii^iiiigsiiij^ii^ 
 
 oTii rj.v'.v:;*':-:.';!':;''?-.-"'!-".'.' ■.'.■■■'•;. "'H 
 
 ^.:-j->.?....-V'«»-i ■• l..< ■ .V........... >■-'. ■- - 
 
 
 'J^- - j' jjli — 1^ ri irx\_: 
 
 ^ 
 
 M M M ^Kl Mi 
 
 ^ 
 
 ^^/>N 
 
 Ju,i!ii'ii,,«iilylX;iLJI 
 
i J n llll .ri III) M 
 
 mrllllLlI 
 
 nnmrnjiimnrfl 
 
 HiHjiSG!] 
 
 No. 8 
 
 WALLS — Frame 
 
 Two Courses of Corkboard 
 
 Applied by Nailing and Cement 
 
 to Frame Walls 
 Cement Plaster Finish 
 
 Four, Five, Six, Seven or Eight inches of STAR or CRES- 
 CENT Corkboard may be erected according to the following 
 specification : 
 
 (See page 41 for recommendations of thicknesses.) 
 
 The walls are to be insulated with two layers of waterproof 
 
 paper and inches of corkboard in two courses. Two 
 
 layers of waterproof paper lapped not less than three inches are 
 to be applied against walls followed by the first course of cork- 
 board inches thick, securely fastened with special gal- 
 vanized wire nails of proper length. The second course of cork- 
 board inches thick, is to be applied against the first course 
 
 with a >4" bed of Portland cement mortar, mixed one part 
 cement and two parts clean, sharp sand and additionally secured 
 with wood skewers or special galvanized wire nails of proper 
 length. All corkboards are to be butted up close making 
 tight fitting joints. All vertical joints in the first course are 
 to be broken and all joints in the second course are to be 
 broken in both directions with the joints in the first course. 
 The exposed cork surface is to be finished with approximately 
 Yi" Portland cement plaster, applied in two coats, mixed one 
 part Portland cement and two parts clean, sharp sand. The 
 second coat is to be floated or trowelled to a smooth and even 
 finish and scored ofi^ in squares of not over five feet. 
 
 See note page 53. 
 
 "I'SEiai 
 
 UllUaullUlliullI 
 
 69 
 
;iimnnimBiininmi[|l|||][|[||]]|nflnn!|)iinnimmntm(|)ip^^ 
 
 lLillll).JIu!llllln(niUlilj|||JIIJLn»i<lm; 
 
 !inni|nnn|mn|||jji>iiiiii 
 imautUhiiiiiill 
 
 llMiriji 
 miuill 
 
 
 ^LCV^^T/o/V 
 
 k 
 
 
 CO/^J<BO/9/?£f 
 
 
 /=*L/I/V 
 
 wm 
 
 milinf>"inrmnniiii(|inmii|][]i||n|p 
 
 70 
 
iil|||||iilim|||lliI|lii|jp"iii|innn™Brni||j|m||||piiTniil 
 llillll!IJILii!.llL.;illlllllllillllllin.,,il 
 
 iiiiini||| 
 liiiiiilj 
 
 iiyilliiiLll!lliJllllilllnm<JlliKiiiili,i!llllliliiljlllil^^^ 
 
 l{j|l){||iinnt|||iinil||| 
 
 -il .,:;:■ 
 
 llllHllllUlUllllll 
 
 No. 9 
 
 PARTITIONS— C^ry^ 
 
 One Course of Corkboard 
 
 Self Supported 
 Cement Plaster Finish 
 
 Two, Three or Four inch STAR or CRESCENT Corkboard 
 may be erected according to the following specification : 
 (Sec page 41 for recoinmendations of thicknesses.) 
 
 The partitions are to be solid cork and cement, constructed of 
 
 a single course of inch corkboard erected on edge 
 
 against temporary studs, sei:urely toenailing each corkboard 
 to adjacent corboards with wood skewers or special galvanized 
 wire nails of proper length. All corkboards are to be butted 
 up close making tight fitting joints and all vertical joints are to 
 be broken. The exposed cork surface on each side is to be 
 finished with approximately ^" Portland cement plaster, applied 
 in two coats, mixed one part Portland cement and two parts 
 clean, sharp sand. The second coat is to be floated or trowelled 
 to a smooth and even finish and scored off in squares of not 
 over five feet. 
 
 NOTE. — This class of construction is advantageous where no 
 loads are to be carried and may safely be used with satisfactory 
 
 results 
 
 up to 9' for 2" Corkboard 
 '• " 12' " 3" 
 
 If additional strength is required, the thickness of the cement 
 plaster finish may be increased to one inch on either side to any 
 height desired. 
 
 See note page 53. 
 
 71 
 
 ).,'i'.-iiU!iilMll»lllliL(niu.Ji.iillliJllJL...»I.Ln<iilJII 
 
Illiuuiidlluiuill 
 
 .!!;iliiiJljiiii!i.niuJj|iiJlJL,;:!ll;:;;aillllll 
 
 JEL£:i^^T/0/S/ 
 
 
 
 
 '!5B!*J5^Jf?*ftf*!! 5=rf= 
 
 f 
 
 /^/.y^/V 
 
 TSMM33imSMSin^^ 
 
 73 
 
53HaB5^^ 
 
 No. 10 
 
 PARTITIONS— C^/y^ 
 
 Two Courses of Corkboard 
 
 Self Supported 
 
 Cement Core 
 
 Cement Plaster Finish 
 
 Four, Five, Six, Seven or Eight inches of STAR or CRES- 
 CENT Corkboard may be erected according to the following 
 speciiication : 
 
 (Sec page 41 for recomincndations of thicknesses.) 
 The partitions are to be solid cork and cement constructed of 
 
 inches of corkboard in two courses with a Portland 
 
 cement core between. The first course is to be inches 
 
 thick erected on edge against temporary studs, securely toenail- 
 ing each corkboard to adjacent corkboards with wood skewers 
 or special galvanized wire nails of proper length. The second 
 
 course is to be inches thick erected against the first course 
 
 with a yi" bed of Portland cement mortar, mixed one part cement 
 and two parts clean, sharp sand and additionally secured with 
 wood skewers or special galvanized wire nails of proper length. 
 All corkboards are to be butted up close making tight fitting 
 joints. All vertical joints in the first course are to be broken 
 and all joints in the second course are to be broken in bjath 
 directions with the joints in the first course. The exposed cork 
 surface on each side is to be finished with approximately 5^" 
 Portland cement plaster, applied in two coats, mixed one part 
 Portland cement and two parts clean, sharp sand. The second 
 coat is to be floated or trowelled to a smooth and even finish and 
 scored off in squares of not over five feet. 
 
 NOTE. — This class of construction is advantageous where no 
 loads are to be carried and may be used safely up to twenty-five 
 feet. If additional strength is required, the thickness of the cement 
 plaster finish may be increased to one inch on either side to any 
 height desired. 
 
 See note page 53. 
 
 rte>,iii]iJlllll>.llJlllli'.iiiiUij|iiillliu 
 
 !!nnni|miiiii 
 irlliiiiunilliuiiJ 
 
 73 
 
Iliinailiyillliiilluilillliiilliinniliiiinilllillllllllbuudiliuiiill 
 
 jjinfni 
 
 lilllilllllUiillllUhl 
 
 ijlllll JliillniiiuiiUiuiUi I 
 
 m^ 
 
 ^L^lZ/PT-yoU 
 
 
 •*^ 
 
 
 ■iiiliiittiiii 
 
 F^L/7A/ 
 
 ioJLillliuilJiliiiniinnilli..iii!lliUllll!lllbuuii..udllliJnJUJllJUIii 
 
 74 
 
udlLililliul 
 
 Wimniiimnnniiimii 
 
 uJllllirlllllliiiiiiiliiiiiiillllllillllllllliiiiiiidlliiiiiill 
 
 [pinil 
 
 im||jrnmin 
 
 !iiHS7:322i 
 
 hliirlllliill 
 
 iIJ|Pi|[|m|n"inijniiiiiij| 
 lllllllrjIlillLiiujlUluiUlll 
 
 No. 11 
 
 PARTITIONS— C^ry^ 
 
 Two Courses of Corkboard 
 
 Self Supported 
 Asphalt cement between courses 
 
 Cement Plaster Finish 
 
 Four, Five, Six, Seven or Eight inches of STAR or CRES- 
 CENT Corkboard may be erected according" to the following 
 specification : 
 
 (See page 41 for recommendations of thieknesses.) 
 
 The partitions are to be solid cork and cement constructed of 
 
 inches of corkboard in tv^^o courses with asphalt 
 
 cement between. The first course is to be inches thick 
 
 erected on edge against temporary studs, securely toenailing each 
 corkboard to adjacent corkboards with wood skewers or special 
 galvanized wire nails of proper length. The second course is 
 
 to be inches thick erected against the first course with a 
 
 heavy bed of hot asphalt cement and additionally secured with 
 wood skewers or special galvanized wire nails of proper length. 
 All corkboards are to be butted up close making tight fitting 
 joints. All vertical joints in the first course are to be broken 
 and all joints in the second course are to be broken in both 
 directions with the joints in the first course. The exposed cork 
 surface on each side is to be finished with approximately J^" 
 Portland cement plaster, applied in two coats, mixed one part 
 Portland cement and two parts clean, sharp sand. The second 
 coat is to be floated or trowelled to a smooth and even finish 
 and scored ofi: in squares of not over five feet. 
 
 NOTE. — This class of construction is advantageous where no 
 loads are to be carried and may be used safely up to twenty feet. 
 If additional strength is required the thickness of the cement 
 plaster finish may be increased to one inch on either side to any 
 height required. 
 
 See note page 53. 
 
 UijIiE13SO,2 
 
 15 
 
■■imiiaiEgis;^^^ 
 
 I 1 
 
 jEL£V/1T/ON 
 
 3€ "/?/^^/?7" 
 
 u 
 
 
 wm 
 
 
 W&i 
 
 /=^l.AN 
 
 i..!uilljDi.|jiii.!J 
 
 76 
 
 Jlillliilli.illiiyniuialiillJLiLii!iiibiuiui 
 
yiiu;;odliu!ailLiiii.i.iyl 
 
 JUlllJLlllllll.rfniu>ll 
 
 IlluJIIifllmiuiiiUiuiUl 
 
 No. 12 
 
 PARTITIONS— C^;-y^ 
 
 Two Courses of Corkboard 
 
 Steel Supported 
 Cement Plaster Finish 
 
 Four, Five, Six, Seven or Eight inches of STAR or CRES- 
 CENT Corkboard maj^ be erected according to the following 
 specification : 
 
 (Sec page 41 for recommendations of thicknesses.) 
 
 The partition is to be cork and cement, constructed of 
 
 inches of corkboard in two courses reinforced bj- steel T's. 
 
 The first course is to be ...... inches thick erected between 
 
 l^"xl^"xi4" steel T's placed 36" apart well secured to floor 
 
 and ceiling. The second course is to be inches thick 
 
 applied against the first course with a ^A" bed of Portland 
 ceinent mortar, mixed one part cement and two parts clean, sharp 
 sand and additionally secured with wood skewers or galvanized 
 wire nails of proper length. All corkboards are to be butted up 
 close making tight fitting joints. All joints in the second course 
 are to be broken in both directions with the joints in the first 
 course. The exposed cork surface on each side is to be finished 
 with approximate!}^ Yi" Portland cement plaster, applied in two 
 coats, mixed one part Portland cement and two parts clean, sharp 
 sand. The second coat is to be floated or trowelled to a smooth 
 and even finish and scored off in squares of not over five feet. 
 
 See note page 53. 
 
 flnnimnininii]| 
 
 ■ „•■! P' 
 
 iiiiidiyilJliiilluillllliillllltunoilliiiiiill 
 
 innnn 
 
 Ibuaud! 
 
 ™imni(||in||in>|||jjiiiiinmpi[||ini|j|ii|^^^ 
 [|bmiiUJiiliilliiillilL«niUiiiillllJlJLiwiiLiuiillJ 
 
 77 
 
linnilliiiiUllii 
 
 innnni 
 
 Jill 
 lluuud 
 
 jfFiiniii 
 
 € , 
 
 lllirillll 
 
 r: 
 
 i"">ii|"'iirt] 
 
 'i.lllllll.,(niUialiillllh.l 
 
 nnnminiii 
 
 :;iii|L:;:-' 
 
 illliiiiiiiiiUtuilll 
 
 ^L^VAT/ON 
 
 
 — COff/fSO/i/^n 
 
 /^L^N 
 
 JiiJini&uniiilii»irilllillllllli<i.uilluauilllliJllliJ!li!liiJ!!lll 
 
 JlhM»iilLJIIIIll»iliJIIII»<niUiaLilllllil!illu!iiiiiibiuiiill 
 
 78 
 
n)LnMnnj|)n(|jjimii|jpim]|pnmjiJiiiiiijj 
 ili.llulllllllMflllliliilljjliJlJLunMibiuiul! 
 
 No. 13 
 
 PARTITIONS— C^r>^ 
 
 Two Courses of Corkboard 
 
 Wood Supported 
 Cement Plaster Finish 
 
 Two, Three or Four inch STAR or CRESCENT Corkboard 
 may be erected to each side of frame partition according to 
 the following specification : 
 
 (See page 41 for rccoininendations of thicknesses.) 
 
 The partition is to be constructed by erecting 3" x 4" stud- 
 ding at 18" centers and one course of inch cork- 
 board securely nailed to each side with special galvanized wire 
 nails of proper length. The space between the studding is to 
 be filled with granulated cork well packed in place. Corkboards 
 are to be butted up close making tight fitting joints and all 
 vertical joints are to be staggered. The exposed cork surface 
 on each side is to be finished with approximately ^" Portland 
 cement plaster applied in two coats, mixed one part Portland 
 cement and two parts clean, sharp sand. The second coat is 
 to be floated or trowelled to a smooth and even finish and scored 
 ofi^ in squares of not over five feet. 
 
 See note page 53. 
 
 79 
 
 |IIIjljll|jmninnnijj(iini||||||||||j|j||j 
 lllilllliill!.t!LiiiiiilUmiUlil 
 
£L£V/iT/ON 
 
 yVAT£Rf='/^0 0/=- f^/iA=»£^ 
 
 2'X'4 "S TOO S /6 "CSIN T£RS 
 
 (— Z^B T.^G. ao/4/^o^ 
 
 
 m^^m^^^^^^mm^^^&m^ 
 
 ",.>W-<^^V.■■^>v■■.;^^.^■^■^ ...■■. 
 
 ''t}zk^<^m^i<^^^^^!Uiim!^sm^^ 
 
 PLAN 
 
 %^XiSS^&. 
 
 tliinlUylllliiilliil 
 
 MflllUiabill 
 
 "Win|Tf""I'|l 
 
 llluilIIJIlUlUlllll 
 
 80 
 
buiilll 
 
 Fiiiir:T::if7: 
 
 llllliilllitillnurllllliniillllnilllll 
 
 '",'""'II'"1(I '"''If 
 
 n mnniniiinii 
 
 ll JIIIIIMlUlUllll 
 
 ullllllLdiiiiii iilllliii 
 
 No. 14 
 
 PARTITIONS— Fr^/7^^ 
 
 One Course of Corkboard 
 
 Nailed against 
 
 Frame Partition 
 Cement Plaster Finish 
 
 Two, Three or Four inch STAR or CRESCENT Corkboard 
 mav be erected to each side of frame partition according to the 
 following specification : 
 
 (See page 41 for recoinmaidatioiis of thicknesses.) 
 
 The partition is to be constructed by erecting 2" x 4" studding 
 at IG" centers sheathed on each side with T. & G. boards filling 
 the space between studs with granulated cork well packed in 
 place. Each side of the partition is then to receive two courses 
 of waterproof insulation paper lapped not less than three 
 inches followed by a single course of inch cork- 
 board securely fastened with special galvanized wire nails of 
 proper length. All corkboards are to be butted up close making 
 tight fitting joints and all vertical joints are to be broken. The 
 exposed cork surface on each side is to be finished with approxi- 
 mately Yz" Portland cement plaster, applied in two coats, mixed 
 one part Portland cement and two parts clean, sharp sand. The 
 second coat is to be floated or trowelled to a smooth and even 
 finish and scored off in squares of not over five feet. 
 
 See note page 53. 
 
 lillUttadillKuallrriObJllJyilH 
 
 81 
 
 J»<nq|inq|in|[jjjiumii||pn([||ni[j|ii 
 
 rtlluHiUJlUluiUll 
 
liimmnmnrni 
 
 dUuiuill 
 
 'fiilj 
 
 linmii||nni||in|j|[jjuiiitiijj| 
 
 .>...ii/llilllllli.i 
 
 MiniUlulililuillillLiriiuiiilluiUl 
 
 
 F^LAN 
 
 3" CONCf^£T£. 
 
 //or- /?v5>c»///4Z.7- Q THiCK 
 
 CORK30ARD 
 
 CONC.f?E:-r£L ^ua-BA^£. 
 
 82 
 
rn(iinii||][[[in[[]]n|iHrn|[iinmi||mii 
 
 II-''' '"\ mH* 
 
 uiiii,;IILiiiii,:il 
 
 EEEaaEiaiii 
 
 No. 15 
 
 FLOORS— Co?2crefe 
 
 One Course of Corkboard 
 
 Laid on 
 
 Concrete Base 
 Concrete and Cement Finish 
 
 Two, Three or Four inch STAR or CRESCENT Corkboard 
 may be put down according to the following specification : 
 (See page 41 for recoinmendations of thicknesses.) 
 
 The floor is to be insulated with a single course of inch 
 
 corkboard laid in a heavy mop coat of hot asphalt on a 
 
 reasonably smooth and level concrete base. (Concrete base to 
 be furnished by Owner). All corkboards are to be butted up 
 close making tight fitting joints and all transverse joints are to 
 be broken. The top surface of cork is to be mopped with a coat 
 of hot asphalt not less than %" thick thoroughly sealing all 
 joints. The insulation is to be finished with a concrete and 
 cement wearing floor 4" thick furnished by Owner. 
 
 NOTE. — If STAR Corkboard is used a 3" thick concrete and 
 cement floor will be sufficient for ordinary purposes. 
 
 iflili'iijlinjl 
 
 83 
 
 IIIIl!..(niUiakiilllJliilii!miriLi 
 
mdUi)lliiyinlliniilllm>illllilllillL„udllu.uaii.illlillJltyUlilll)lu^ 
 
 iinnn|]piiq|)in|||jiminii||| 
 iiiilUlndllllilnlLillltlfniUml 
 
 ^Z^A^ 
 
 r--.y,i.'t;-.^y:-'> 
 
 
 HOT ^3/='//^/. T 
 COt^C/?£T£ ^OB-B/IS£. 
 
 
 >(!*;ii!|?jwj#l*|5 
 
 iMtoab^rr rill iTi 1 vl ■ 
 
 ^^j'C^jfw^iiljii 
 
 
 : jr.V.^.."v^; ■■^^■~.y' 
 
 v.v'-y-^-w- .r vv-: 
 
 ■v- .■.■>■. •■»_•■■' t: •■ V.-: -r-j.-v- 
 
 
 JEL£^^/JT/0^ 
 
 ]]|iHlin||ron]nnj|niinnninmi 
 
 !mIiju 
 
 iiiiirillllJllllllllllllJiuiid 
 
 inimni 
 
 11 liiiinilll 
 lillP 
 liiiiiilll 
 
 •m\ 
 
 ||i""'«Ii 
 
 "''irTii'°Tii'"'"'' 
 
 IlllllllllllllllilHUlllUIIlUlUlUl 
 
 84 
 
llr.lliiilllllf..(niUiaLillllulll>illm'liillimilll 
 
 No. 16 
 
 FLOORS— Concrete 
 
 Two Courses of Corkboard 
 
 Laid on 
 
 Concrete Foundation 
 Concrete and Cement Finish 
 
 Four, Five, Six, Seven or Fight inches of STAR or CRES- 
 CFNT Corkboard may be put down according to the follovifing 
 specification : 
 
 (Sec page 41 for recommendations of thicknesses.) 
 
 The floor is to be insulated with inches of cork- 
 board in two courses laid on a reasonably smooth and even 
 concrete base. (Concrete base to be furnished by Owner). The. 
 
 first course is to be inches thick laid in a heavy mop coat of 
 
 hot asphalt. The second course is to be inches thick laid on 
 
 the first course in a heavy mop coat of hot asphalt. All corkboards 
 are to be butted up close making tight fitting joints. All trans- 
 verse joints in the first course are to be broken and all joints 
 in the second course are to be broken in both directions with the 
 joints in the first course. The top surface of cork is to be 
 mopped with a coat of hot asphalt not less than }i" thick thor- 
 oughly sealing all joints. The insulation is to be finished with a 
 concrete and cement wearing floor 4" thick furnished by Owner. 
 
 NOTF.— If STAR Corkboard is used a 3" thick concrete and 
 cement floor will be sufficient for ordinary purposes. 
 
 IIEIZDfl33IIH!SCTH?^^^^ 
 
 85 
 
lEClilMSaTJ 
 
 pni|pnpni||niuiiiiin|nn(i||(|llimiiramni!ninnniinii 
 
 1'' nil (II I '"" '' " "I II 'il kn'"' 
 
 rilllliiilllllliilliilllllifniUiaLllliilllrflLmniilllluiUll 
 
 j^Ly^/s/ 
 
 3 " CO/VC/?£ T^ 
 HOT /i^RHALT 
 
 ^L/E^/iT/OA/ 
 
 "PHipnip 
 
 ninnmnnimnBimim|m|||)niram||rninii( 
 
 ■jllllhi n> <ii|(iiB» 
 
 InllluniiiUiiuiillillllllllllllliimiiailiiiiim 
 
 ifniHsasMHii 
 
 86 
 
jinuilliiiiiullilllllliiiuiiiilluiuul 
 
 TIinin|l 
 biiillllril 
 
 umim 
 
 ,llli|iprajm|mnnn|(iirii| 
 
 iillllJIlirlliiiiujiiUiuiul 
 
 No. 17 
 
 FLOORS— Fr^;;?^ 
 
 One Course of Corkboard 
 
 Laid on 
 
 Wood Floor 
 Concrete and Cement Finish 
 
 Two, Three or Four inch STAR or CRESCENT Corkboard 
 rnay be put down according to the following specification : 
 (See page 41 for recommendations of thicknesses.) 
 
 The floor is to be insulated with one layer of waterproof paper 
 
 and a single course of inch corkboard laid on the 
 
 wood floor. (Wood floor to be furnished by Owner). One layer 
 of waterproof paper lapped not less than three inches is to be 
 laid on floor followed by one course of corkboard laid in a 
 heavy mop coat of hot asphalt. Corkboards are to be butted up 
 close making tight fitting joints and all transverse joints are to 
 be broken. The top surface of cork is to be mopped with a 
 coat of hot asphalt not less than ^" thick thoroughly sealing 
 all joints. The insulation is to be finished with a concrete and 
 cement wearing floor 4" thick furnished by Owner. 
 
 NOTE.— If STAR Corkboard is used a 3" thick concrete and 
 cement floor will be sufiicient for ordinary purposes. 
 
 JUiimnupmiiimnnnmii 
 lUbiiiiiidliiiiuiiuliillIliiiltn 
 
 (l«ff 
 
 JIlDllil: 
 
 iI.rffliUui 
 
 bllllil. 
 
 [mnm|miniil 
 iflluiiiuilUluiUl 
 
 87 
 
innii|ptmn(|Rni|||||||]|||||||||iimnininini|| 
 
 lllllllimiillllllllllllllllllllliriudllluulll 
 
 fli> 
 
 \ II 
 
 iJilJLiiiiiU 
 
 /=*JL/1/V 
 
 m 
 
 =1? 
 
 / />0/?TLAr^£> CEMENT r/A//3H 
 3" CO/VC/?£TE 
 HOT /i^/=*HAL T S TA//CK 
 CORKBOARD 
 HOT /i^PH/lLT 
 COf^KBOAf^O 
 HOT /1^f=>HALT 
 
 ^^.^^ MJPP . _ ^^.^^ ,.^ , . ^_.. ^ ^^ „.^ , ^^ . 
 
 Vl jji-fi'-"--'-rv^'V'''j^''r'-"r 
 
 ^^;K 
 
 wmm 
 
 ^L£y/^7-/orv 
 
 Lnmll 
 
 imnnmnni 
 
 ullUliiiUuillllLilllUunni 
 
 aiasoiapra^'-rai'^^ 
 
 nnnnmiiiiiii 
 lllullirilliiniuilbiuillll 
 
nniij)iinii|| 
 
 :;;ii|L;::' 
 
 llilllillrillliillmiiuiiUiuiUll 
 
 No. 18 
 
 FLOORS— Frame 
 
 Two Courses of Corkboard 
 
 Laid on 
 
 Wood Foundation 
 Concrete and Cement Finish 
 
 Four, Five, Six, Seven or Eight inches of STAR or CRES- 
 CENT Corkboard may be put down according to the following 
 specification : 
 
 (See page 41 for recommendations of thicknesses.) 
 
 The floor is to be insulated with one layer of waterproof paper 
 
 and inches of corkboard in two courses laid on the 
 
 wood floor. (Wood floor to be furnished by Owner). One 
 layer of waterproof paper lapped not less than three inches is to 
 
 be laid on floor followed bv the first course of corkboard 
 
 inches thick laid in a heavy mop coat of hot asphalt. The second 
 
 course of corkboard inches thick is to be laid on the first 
 
 course in a heavy mop coat of hot asphalt. All corkboards are 
 to be butted up close making tight fitting joints. All transverse 
 Joints in the first course are to be broken and all joints in the 
 second course are to be broken in both directions with the joints 
 in the first course. The top surface of cork is to be mopped 
 with a coat of hot asphalt not less than %" thick thoroughly 
 sealing all joints. The insulation is to be finished with a concrete 
 and cement wearing floor 4" thick furnished by Owner. 
 
 NOTE.— If STAR Corkboard is used a 3" thick concrete and 
 cement floor will be sufficient for ordinary purposes. 
 
 |p:;:ra^^^^^^ 
 
 lllliiiiiid liiiiiill 
 
 Jimnm]niiiii|i| 
 LiiniiiLiuiulll 
 
 89 
 
liilEininl»aiflillilillliuu.diliuuillllirinhll.JllliJlilillbni^ 
 
 ||linn(|iiinni|j|nn||p|||[jiiimiinjnn||j|jjin||mra^ 
 
 UmlOylllllr.LillllitnfniUlilllJlillLrillbiiiiull 
 
 PL/^/V 
 
 
 
 ^^^ 
 
 EL£:v^/^T/o/v 
 
 dlUlLllllJinlljiniiLiUlliillillILuadilu.uMllUni>jLliltJi 
 
 mnnnnniiiii|| 
 1-1, III -"'•■•■ 
 
 90 
 
i|1imni|)jimn(|]|nnnninilli 
 (iiiii • ;■; 
 luuudlluiulllJlirlllliJttxIllftiiJ' 
 
 No. 19 
 
 FLOORS— C oner ele 
 
 One Course of Corkboard 
 
 Laid on 
 
 Concrete Foundation 
 Wood Finish 
 
 Two, Three or Four inch STAR or CRESCENT Corkboard 
 may be put down according to the following specification : 
 (See page 41 for recomiuendations of tJiicknesses.) 
 
 The floor is to be insulated with a single course of inch 
 
 corkboard laid in a heavy mop coat of hot asphalt on a 
 
 reasonably smooth and level concrete base. (Concrete base to 
 be furnished by Owner). Corkboards are to 'be laid between 
 
 2" X " wood sleepers placed 24" apart. All corkboards and 
 
 sleepers are to be butted up close making tight fitting joints and 
 all transverse joints are to be broken. The top surface is fo be 
 mopped with a coat of hot asphalt not less than i/g" thick thor- 
 oughly sealing all joints. One layer of waterproof insulation 
 paper lapped not less than three inches is to be laid on the cork 
 
 followed by a wooden wearing floor of securely nailed 
 
 to the sleepers. 
 
 Ijpan 
 lliiuiljj 
 
 IHSKEaZE^ 
 
 91 
 
mnfimnijnnnn^ 
 
 iUulllil 
 
 —ranj,™ 
 
 llltlbuaud 
 
 i.!!!!il.iiii,;IILiiii.! 
 
 iECaZEIilli 
 
 COf?/<BO/IRD 
 r- //or /^^PH/tLT 
 
 ^L^V^T/O/V 
 
 w^^^^^m^^^^ 
 
 92 
 
Illimil 
 
 lllllllllllllllllliiiiiiil 
 
 lliiiiill 
 
 Hljjii 
 
 imnni|niiiiiii| 
 ililllliiillilliiiimjiimuiUll 
 
 No. 20 
 
 FLOORS— Co72crefe 
 
 Two Courses of Corkboard 
 
 Laid on 
 
 Concrete Foundation 
 Wood Finish 
 
 Four, Five, Six, Seven or Eight inches of STAR or CRES- 
 CENT Corkboard may be put down according to the following 
 specification : 
 
 (See page 41 for recommendations of thicknesses.) 
 
 The floor is to be insulated with inches of cork- 
 board in two courses laid on a reasonabl}' smooth and even con- 
 crete base. (Concrete base to be furnished by Owner). The 
 
 first course is to be inches thick laid in a heavy mop coat 
 
 of hot asphalt. The second course is to be inches thick 
 
 laid on the first course in a heavy mop coat of hot asphalt be- 
 tween 2" X " wood sleepers placed 24'" apart. All cork- 
 boards are to be butted up close making tight fitting joints. All 
 transverse joints in the first course are to be broken and all 
 joints in the second course are to be broken in both directions 
 with the joints in the first course. The top surface of cork is 
 to be mopped with a coat of hot asphalt not less than Ys" thick 
 thoroughly sealing all joints. One layer of waterproof insulation 
 paper lapped not less than three inches is to be laid on the cork 
 
 followed by a wooden wearing floor of securely nailed to 
 
 the sleepers. 
 
 ][inmiinniinim[| 
 
 min:ii!!iuuUl|y| 
 
 ni'nrn[|jiiimi|]innini|i] 
 
 111 • r, 
 
 jalliiiuiillliillllijll 
 
 llbiiuudl 
 
 93 
 
 asKEamiai 
 
innil|]{pinnT|miiinnnniiniT| 
 
 loadlUlllluilLuMnlliUiiniiilliiiiulllllllllllllluuud 
 
 pran 
 
 miimmmninimmnuni 
 
 iiin) I '"" I " 
 
 IlllllllllllOllillxllllllI 
 
 lriiiiU|jllllliilLilllll{..fniUiulilllllJlliiLiliLiiiiull 
 
 /^L/iN 
 
 //O T /l^fi>MA LT Q ' TV// C /C 
 CORKBOAF?^ 
 
 EILE-V/IT/ON 
 
 ppiramnfunnmnimimiBmi™ 
 
 94 
 

 No. 21 
 
 FLOORS— Fra?ne 
 
 One Course of Corkboard 
 
 Laid on 
 
 Wood Floor 
 Wood Finish 
 
 Two, Three or Four inch STAR or CRESCENT Corkboard 
 may be put down according to the following specification : 
 (See page 41 for recommendations of thicknesses.) 
 
 The floor is to be insulated with one layer of waterproof paper 
 
 and a single course of incl: corkboard laid on the 
 
 wood floor. (Wood floor to Ite furnished by Owner). One 
 layer of waterproof paper lapped not less than three inches is 
 to be laid on floor followed by one course of corkboard laid in 
 a heavy mop coat of hot asphalt. Corkboards are to be laid 
 between 2" x " wood sleepers placed 24" apart. All cork- 
 boards and sleepers are to be butted up close making tight fitting 
 joints and all transverse joints are to be broken. The top sur- 
 face is to be mopped with a coat of hot asphalt not less than 
 14," thick thoroughly sealing the joints. One layer of water- 
 proof paper lapped not less than three inches is to be laid on 
 
 the cork followed by a wooden wearing floor of securely 
 
 nailed to the sleepers. 
 
 ||innn|ninmiffljnnmi|i: 
 
 i|iiiriiiiiiii,#|# ;ri,|K-', 
 
 iuniiiUiiiui!l!illlllliuuualluiuiillUlliiiitl>rlllliiill 
 95 
 
 fJlllllU:i|i»»lllllllli;#f.i 
 
 .^iiliniilliliilyillLfniUialilillluillliMniiiLlui! 
 
iiinni|tiinm|]i 
 uitUllirllllDiinniliiiiiii 
 
 [inmin 
 
 llliulll 
 
 hliiillllri 
 
 liitniuiii 
 
 :;+;::: 
 
 /^L/iA/ 
 
 MVATERPROOr P/^PaR 
 HOT ASPH/iL T ^"t^/CK 
 CORKBOARO 
 HOT A3PH/ILT 
 IVOOO^H ^L££P£:RS 
 
 I— COR/<BOARD 
 HOT A^PH/^LT- 
 
 tVATERPROOr RAP£R 
 
 ^/Lau'/ir/o/v 
 
 ■-':3Z1F 
 
 H2E2iaSIII 
 
 96 
 
inmii] 
 liiiiiUlll 
 
 ' Mm] 
 
 SSKEaMiaii 
 
 No. 22 
 
 FLOORS— Fra;;?^ 
 
 Two Courses of Corkboard 
 
 Laid on 
 
 Wood Floor 
 Wood Finish 
 
 Four, Five, Six, Seven or Eight inches of STAR or CRES- 
 CENT Corkboard may be put down according to the following 
 specification : 
 
 (See page 41 for rccominciidations of tliicknesses.) 
 The floor is to be insulated with one layer of waterproof paper 
 
 and inches of corkboard in two courses laid on 
 
 the wood floor. (Wood floor to be furnished by Owner). One 
 layer of waterproof paper lapped not less than three inches is to 
 
 be laid on floor followed by the first course of corkboard 
 
 inches thick laid in a heavy mop coat of hot asphalt. The 
 
 second course of corkboard inches thick is to be laid 
 
 on the first course in a heavy mop coat of hot asphalt between 
 
 2" X " wood sleepers placed 24" apart. All corkboards are 
 
 to be butted up close making tigiht fitting joints. All transverse 
 joints in the first course are to be broken and all joints in the 
 second course are to be broken in both directions with the joints 
 in the first course. The top surface of cork is to be mopped 
 with a coat of hot asphalt not less than ]4," thick thoroughly 
 sealing all joints. One layer of waterproof paper lapped not less 
 than three inches is to be laid on the cork followed bv a wooden 
 wearing floor of securely nailed to the sleepers. 
 
 nnnnminii] 
 IdlluiliuJlUluidl 
 
 97 
 
IDnalLlilLllUll 
 
 .■iHillCS 
 
 pmin 
 
 (IIP 
 liiiiiilll 
 
 ImiiJhiinlliliiilliillJIIilnffliUhlllllllllulllillLniiurlb 
 
 f='L/iN 
 
 COfin BRICK 
 
 COA/Cf^CT£ 
 
 CO^KBO/i/fD 
 
 
 ^J 
 
 
 
 
 i 
 
 ELCV/^T/ON 
 
 jiinninnnnn 
 llilinllliyillililtllilllllliillliinni 
 
 [Illinm||jiiini|||niiinn|Ilin[|||i 
 
 "■nil •""•"' 
 
 mllliinlfljliil 
 
 iHaaEaaosiiii 
 
 58 
 
J"") 
 
 imnnnnnfminniim 
 lliiiLniiiilliiiull 
 
 'EiEHIffi 
 
 No. 23 
 FLOORS — Concrete or Frame 
 One or Two Courses of Corkboard 
 
 Laid in Asphalt 
 
 on Concrete or Wood Foundation 
 
 Finished with 
 
 Cork Brick Wearing Floor 
 
 Any thickness of STAR or CRESCENT Corkboard Laid as 
 per specification Nos. 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20,_ 21 and 22 may be 
 finished according to the following specification : 
 
 (Sec page 41 for recommendations of thicknesses.) 
 
 The floor insulation is to be finished with a cork brick wearing 
 floor. A foundation of two inches of concrete mixed one part 
 Portland cement to two parts clean, sharp sand and five parts 
 screened crushed stone or clean gravel is to be put down directly 
 on top of the insulation. The concrete is to be well tamped. 
 The cork brick are to be laid flat on the concrete foundation in 
 a y^" bed of Portland cement mortar, mixed one part Portland 
 cement and two parts clean, sharp sand. All bricks are to be 
 laid up close breaking all transverse joints and the brick tamped 
 in place leaving the top surface reasonably even. All jomts 
 between the brick are to be grouted with neat Portland cement 
 mixed thin so it wifl readily fill the joints. The finished floor 
 is net to be used until the cement is thoroughly set. 
 
 TOPII 
 
 ilulll!lliiiiiiuil[liui<'!|llllill 
 
 99 
 
-Ji lll>J 4llD<i 
 
 pi 
 
 can 
 
 
 ifniUiabilllll! 
 
 nnnniiniM 
 rfllli!i;iiJ!Uluilll 
 
 ^^^i>^^-r/o/v 
 
 P^MMhA ne BK si* ^TMi^^^MiMinwiihMiii r iiii i i 'ii 'i iiri'iTi i ii ftnT i lfi iiiii 3'"""-^'"''"^"^gfa ^U]fc*ii i 'ijiu"i»'til^i'v''i):ii . bri^ 
 
 
 
 
 S' ^'P - *'vr.VrV/ ' .-"-''-' v^'^ 
 
 .:;i.V-^ }.--:-•/.:■-: ::l;'?:i V :j-. COJ^fiTBOA/^D 
 
 
 -f* 
 
 ^LAA/ 
 
 iDpimmtniraiininninmrmniimi^^ 
 
 nnrinii 
 
 100 
 
N4Jkulliiil<iilLnii.i' '' 
 
 lil.Jliill!llLCiniUl,lLlillllJlt<llnmniilimU 
 
 No. 24 
 
 CEILINGS— Maso?2ry 
 
 One Course of Corkboard 
 
 Applied with Cement 
 
 to Concrete or Brick Ceilings 
 Cement Plaster Finish 
 
 Two, Three or Four inch STAR or CRESCENT Corkboard 
 may be erected according to the following specification : 
 (See page 41 for recommendations of thicknesses.) 
 
 The ceiling is to be insulated with a single course of 
 
 inch corkboard applied with a ^" bed of Portland cement 
 
 mortar, mixed one part cement and two parts clean, sharp sand. 
 All corkboards are to be butted up close making tight fitting 
 joints and all transverse joints are to be broken. Each cork- 
 board is to be shored up with a suitable support firmly holding it 
 against ceiling to insure proper adhesion. The shoring is to 
 be left in place for at least 12 hours, but is not to be removed 
 until the cement mortar is well set. The exposed cork surface 
 is to be finished with approximately i/4" Portland cement plaster, 
 applied in two coats, mixed one part Portland cement and two 
 parts clean, sharp sand. The second coat is to be floated or 
 trowelled to a smooth and even finish and scored off in squares 
 of not over five feet. 
 
 See note page 53. 
 
 inoiuiiiuadl 
 
 ibuuiid 
 
 nrnimmi 
 
 alii? 
 
 ||pnm|iiinnq] 
 iiiiial 
 
 |jj|lli>.lliJllllltn«niUljLlillJl.llL>u.mlllluiUlI 
 
 101 
 
inwiniMin]niifiiniinininfi(]Binn||i[|m|n[|||nrmnin 
 
 ^/.-^^WT-ZO/V 
 
 •■rv:'7w;y.^:--:* 
 
 :^?';'--'-^'-.^*;,'9' .'j Awl-Mir .■.■vT,v,'^--:C';\.'--.^-^^;-9;'<-'.''V'-.j>^_ 
 
 ' .^'^■', \^'.' ^,^-,'^-" ^"^'.^^i^''- .':'!;^t"Xt' ▼"•_-'--'% ^.'.■■■-^^-t'/'y^' 
 
 
 SS^'Wf 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 m' 
 
 Vt- 
 
 CO/VC/^£T£. 'SLAB 
 
 ^L/IN 
 
 liEClHEllS^^^^ 
 
 102 
 
m 
 
 llDllUllI 
 
 [n|||ini||it|mimri||inmii™nn||n|j|||||||]||||imn| 
 
 II ill "4 >i>* <i>i''' 
 
 llliilllilliiilll!lliiilirlllimllll!]{illllllllllii..i.i] 
 
 lliiiiili 
 
 ||n''n'i(nii|(|iiii||||iniiin|inniimiiinni|iMri||||ii| 
 
 iii)""'<(ii 
 
 i"''iip'iii"ii""""iii"""iii 
 
 L'ililltlllllllllllllllllllllllllUlUlUill 
 
 No. 25 
 
 CElLmGS— Masonry 
 
 Two Courses of Corkboard 
 
 Applied with Cement 
 
 to Concrete or Brick Ceilings 
 Cement Plaster Finish 
 
 Four, Five, Six, Seven or Eight inches of STAR or CRES- 
 CENT Corkboard may be applied according to the following 
 specification : 
 
 (See page 41 for recommendations of thicknesses.) 
 
 The ceiling is to be insulated with inches of ' 
 
 corkboard in two courses. The first course is to be inches 
 
 thick applied with a V^" bed of Portland cement mortar, mixed 
 one part cement and two parts clean, sharp sand. The second 
 
 course is to be inches thick applied against the first course 
 
 with a ^" bed of Portland cement mortar and additionally se- 
 cured with wood skewers or special galvanized wire nails of proper 
 length. Each corkboard of the first course is to be shored up 
 with a suitable support firmly holding it against ceiling to insure 
 proper adhesion. The shoring is to be left in place for at least 
 12 hours, but is not to be removed until the cement mortar 
 is well set. All corkboards are to be butted up close making tight 
 fitting joints. All transverse joints in the first course are to be 
 broken and all joints in the second course are to be broken in 
 both directions with the joints in the first course. The exposed 
 cork surface is to be finished with approximately ><" Portland 
 cement plaster, applied in two coats, mixed one part Portland 
 cement and two parts clean, sharp sand. The second coat is to 
 be floated or trowelled to a smooth and even finish and scored 
 off in squares of not over five feet. 
 
 See note page 53. 
 
 [rrnnnimmmmiinni 
 •Jdjliiiuildljilllliill 
 
 yiiuujd!! 
 
 103 
 
 ■aSEEHJllilli 
 
iiluUltillllll!IJII!!Uaii|] 
 
 tUiullU 
 
 .iiiliiitjl 
 
 i.....iii„ilii..lyiiili 
 
 biilllluil: 
 
 nnnDnnnniiniill 
 
 IllllllHllJIlllJUlUll 
 
 jf/L £ L//7 7"/OA/ 
 
 ■■.■■rr-. 
 
 
 •. V.I". v.-.y.v.r ■''.•;.: ■^.• 
 
 
 ■:^:^r:iM^ . 
 
 ^ 
 
 HOT /^^j='H-^j~'r c £:m£:/^T 
 
 PL ^y/w 
 
 HaaBsSSiazM^^^ 
 
 104 
 
Ijimnimni 
 liiiiiill 
 
 llinni|i 
 
 liiiiiiilliid 
 
 lJ||liiJLllllllt..(niUiJlllllJIUL>ii>iiillimilii 
 
 No. 26 
 
 CEILINGS— M^j-^;2rr 
 
 Two Courses of Corkboard 
 
 Applied with Cement and Asphalt 
 
 to Concrete or Brick 
 Cement Plaster Finish 
 
 Four, Five, Six, Seven or Eight inches of STAR or CRES- 
 CENT Corlvboard may be applied according to the following 
 specification : 
 
 (See page 41 for recommendations of thicknesses.) 
 
 The ceiling is to be insulated wdth inches of 
 
 corkboard in two courses. The first course is to be 
 
 inches thick applied with a ><" bed of Portland cement mortar, 
 mixed one part cement and two parts clean, sharp sand. The 
 
 second course is to be inches thick applied against the 
 
 first course with hot asphalt cement and additionally secured 
 with wood skewers or special galvanized wire nails of proper 
 length. Each corkboard of the first course is to be shored up 
 with a suitable support firmly holding it against ceiling to insure 
 proper adhesion. The shoring is to be left in place for at least 
 12 hours, but is not to be removed until the cement mortar is 
 well set. All corkboards are to be butted up close making tight 
 fitting joints. All transverse joints in the first course are to be 
 broken and all joints in the second course are to be broken in 
 both directions with the joints in the first course. The exposed 
 cork surface is to be finished with approximately y^" Portland 
 cement plaster applied in two coats, mixed one part Portland 
 cement and two parts clean, sharp sand. The second coat is to 
 be floated or trowelled to a smooth and even finish and scored off 
 in squares of not over five feet. 
 
 See note page 53. 
 
 105 
 
•7 
 
 lllllllll 
 
 nZuUlllhlLlllflLniuiii 
 
 nnnniiniinj 
 iillllliiilliillniiiiiKUiiiiuul 
 
 ^i.e:^j^t/o/^ 
 
 
 .:*i-iJ*v.-',*..-';y, 
 
 fl./tN 
 
 ipfliiyilluIIiiili!!LiiiimiiilLinUlli!iillii.uudliui 
 
 SSI 
 
 Ti(j;iirnni||ini|ipim| 
 LitiHiiiljjillilliJIi 
 
 jiiHljjii 
 
 nnnimiiiiil] 
 IlIiiAu'iiliilllllllliiiliDlitiMiiiilUlUlltl 
 
 lOG 
 
inini|rrrar|]iiimi||] 
 luniiilliiiiiillllll 
 
 jGaaEiiii 
 
 No. 27 
 
 CEILINGS— y¥^j^;7rj/ 
 One Course of Corkboard 
 
 Applied with Cement 
 
 to Arched Concrete or Brick Ceilings 
 Cement Plaster Finish 
 
 Two, Three or Four inch STAR or CRESCENT Corkboard 
 may be erected according to the following specification: 
 (Sec page 41 for rcconimcndatioiis of thicknesses.) 
 
 The arched ceiling is to be insulated with a single course of 
 
 inch corkboard applied with a >4" bed of Portland 
 
 cement mortar, mixed one part cement and two parts clean, 
 sharp sand. The sides of the corkboards are to be Ijevelled to 
 the radius of the arch. All corkboards are to be butted up 
 close making tight fitting joints and all transverse joints are to 
 be broken. Each corkboard is to be shored up with a suitable 
 support firmly holding it against arches to insure proper adhesion. 
 The shoring is to be left in place for at least 12 hours, but is 
 not to be removed until the cement mortar is well set. The 
 exposed cork surface is to be finished with approximate!}' Yi" 
 Portland cement plaster, applied in two coats, mixed one part 
 Portland cement and two parts clean, sharp sand. The second 
 coat is to be floated or trowelled to a smooth and even finish 
 and scored ot¥ in squares of not over five feet. 
 
 Sec note page 53. 
 
 lEaziEsaaiHii^ 
 
 107 
 
15113:333 
 
 laaBEaMii;, 
 
 jE-£.Bi^/ir/o/^ 
 
 1— COUC/?£'T£ O/? B^/CK /9/?<C// 
 
 /^^/V 
 
 108 
 
luiilliiiuallliJOiiJIlJyi 
 
 |Bmtfmniinnni|iin|||[nu..nmnnnn||iiimjin^^ 
 
 No. 28 
 
 CEl'LmGS>—Maso?7ry 
 
 Two Courses of Corkboard 
 
 Applied with Cement 
 
 to Arched Concrete or Brick Ceilings 
 Cement Plaster Finish 
 
 Four, Five, Six, Seven or Eight inches of STAR or CRES- 
 CENT Corkboard may be erected according to the following 
 specification : 
 
 (See page 41 for recommendations of thicknesses.) 
 
 The arched ceiling is to be insulated with inches of 
 
 corkboard in two courses. The first course is to be ... ._. . 
 
 inches thick applied with a ^" inch bed of Portland cement 
 mortar, mixed one part cement and two parts clean, sharp 
 
 sand. The second course is to be inches thick applied 
 
 against the first course with a I/2" bed of Portland cement mortar 
 and additionally secured with wood skewers or special galvanized 
 wire nails of proper length. Each corkboard of the first course 
 is to be shored up with a suitable support firmly holding it against 
 ceiling to insure proper adhesion. The shoring is to be left in 
 place for at least 13 hours, but is not to be removed until the 
 cement mortar is well set. The sides of all corkboards are to 
 be bevelled to the radius of the arch. All corkboards are to 
 be butted up close making tight fitting joints. All transverse 
 joints in the first course are to be broken and all joints in the 
 second course are to be broken in both directions with the joints 
 in the first course. The exposed cork surface is to be finished 
 with approximately ^" Portland cement plaster, applied in two 
 coats, mixed one part Portland cement and two parts clean. 
 sharp sand. The second coat is to be floated or trowelled to a 
 smooth and even finish and scored off in squares of not over 
 five feet. 
 
 See note page 53. 
 
 lES^^ 
 
 109 
 
LoiiliiiM 
 
 llllljlll 
 
 Milhni4.illllii>iIli<lllllli.<fniui.ibillJ!iuliL 
 
 ^l.£V/iT/ON 
 
 
 
 CO/VC R£T£: SL/iB 
 
 corkboa/^oClaid on F'ORns) 
 
 - PORTLAND OS.ME.NT Pi-AST£:R 
 C/fRRL/EO /iFr£.R RORAf^ ARE. 
 
 
 ^^ 
 
 /^<2»/«?/«/-f- 
 
 
 /^'Z/^/V 
 
 |ninjim!lIjnTOllininnnnii[ifiini[m|m|||™ 
 
 110 
 
 nmmm 
 
 |><T|||[)nnnnx>"><iin>""> 
 
 iiiyiIll{..«ljLlllllJliJL..Nni[limUl 
 
ninmiinKmiij 
 
 illiiiiiiiliillilllllliiiiiiia 
 
 |inimi]]|nn!ni] 
 IliiiiilUli:! 
 
 npnraminnii 
 uniniHiitliirplll 
 
 Ii7'7i(rr||('"^(rff 
 
 <,illllillnlLlllll[iHlllllil.il.li!!llJll« 
 
 imnninijijrinili 
 iiiili!!lliiillitlliiiiiiiJiUluilil 
 
 No. 29 
 
 CEILINGS— Concrete 
 
 One Course of Corkboard 
 
 L.aid in 
 
 Ceiling Forms Before Concrete is Poured 
 Cement Plaster Finish 
 
 Two, Three or Four inch STAR or CRESCENT Corkboar.l 
 may be laid according to the following specification : 
 
 (Sec page 41 for recommendations of thicknesses.) 
 
 The ceiling is to be insulated with a single course of 
 
 inch . . corkboard laid drj^ in ceiling forms. Eorms are to 
 
 be erected bj^ concrete contractor and left inches lower 
 
 than would otherwise be required. All corkboards are to be 
 butted up close making tight fitting joints and all transverse 
 joints are to be broken. After the forms are removed the ex- 
 posed cork surface is to be finished with approximately i^{," 
 Portland cement plaster, applied in two coats, mixed one part 
 Portland cement and two parts clean, sharp sand. The second 
 coat is to be floated or trowelled to a smooth and even finish 
 and scored off in squares of not over five feet. 
 
 Sec note page 53. 
 
 dlillllbii!luJIIMUIIiun»i..iiiil!illllllllllii.uad 
 
 |iinni(mnnnnmil[(ini'jjjm|jp|ll™f'l 
 
 i2illj!;;lljy 
 111 
 
 iin"ii]|iiniiP"i]jr|;»'^j(Fil|!pi(j'wr™'|i'''l! 
 
 siiulLjtlillJijilllllnfllillhllllllJIJImmnL; 
 
 |innni]||iiiiil| I 
 iluiUl I 
 
UllUajdllUiulllllirlDliJlUlliil 
 
 lirilllliji 
 
 JIUiiiLiI 
 
 IllllJIIlllilllUlIJlUlUllll 
 
 ^LEV^T/ON 
 
 /^0/^r-/.A/\/O CEMENT MORrA/^ 
 CO/?KBOAf?D ClAJD O/V F'ORMs) 
 fOffTLAND C£M£H^T PLA3T£:^ 
 CapPLIGP /iFTER roRM^ ARE- 
 
 ^l./)/\/ 
 
 I "l II I! iiii "'' '"> <iii"' "i"> rJ 1/ I '^4 '""► imA z) '■ ' ill "•'"''•■■■• 
 
 iL<idyiliiiil]uJillJluiiuilli.i>uilliillillillb»udlii.u>illLJniiJIIJ[lJli^^ 
 
 112 
 
im||npnmmnn|,v.m,mannnnnm,,mm,|n,.nni|inn>„mn..nnm.,,,|,,.^^ 
 
 No. 30 
 
 CElLmGS—Co72crete 
 
 Two Courses of Corkboard 
 
 Laid in 
 
 Ceiling Forms Before Concrete is Poured 
 Cement Plaster Finish 
 
 Four, Five, Six, Seven or Eight inches of STAR or CRES 
 CENT Corkboard may be laid according to the following 
 specification : 
 
 (See page 41 for recommendations of thicknesses.) 
 
 The ceiling is to be insulated with inches of cork 
 
 board in two courses laid in ceiling forms. Forms are to be erected 
 
 by concrete contractor and left inches lower than would 
 
 otherwise be required. The first course is to be inches- 
 thick laid dry in the forms. The second course is to be 
 
 inches thick laid on the first course in a lA" bed of Portland 
 cement mortar, mixed one part cement and two parts clean, sharp 
 sand. The two courses are to be securely nailed to each other 
 with wood skewers or special galvanized wire nails of propel 
 length, using not less than two nails to each square foot. Ali 
 corkboards are to be butted up close making tight fitting joints^ 
 All transverse joints in the first course are to be broken and 
 all joints in the second course are to be broken in both directions 
 with the joints in the first course. After the forms are removed 
 the exposed cork surface is to be finished with approximately 
 yi" Portland cement plaster, applied in two coats, mixed one 
 part Portland cement and two parts clean, sharp sand. The 
 second coat is to be floated or trowelled to a smooth and even 
 finish and scored off in squares of not over five feet. 
 
 See note page 53. 
 
 113 
 
 |).,llullilllt..fniUmlililulll>llli>iin<ilbiu.Ullllllll 
 
inolJliiililuyilJiiiiunmlimudliilllillliuuaalluiutlllliJOyllJyU 
 
 — //4 7:<$G. ^o/i/^£:>s 
 
 
 
 '"%H'.i:t; ! ! >' f."^j.!/-/i'"'/V".Vj[^y^^ I 
 
 
 ^/./JA/ 
 
 in II "4 in>J <iiii'* <iiii> ! i M I'iiC'if iLm ""*,/'•'' n, ';i"'h"' 
 
 llliiiknHilii«iiUllililllliiJuualluiudlliJnyil<iiyiilllllhuii^ 
 
 114 
 
iiiiinpiii°iii^''n!^"™ii'™^|]'''^niiiiM 
 
 BiJiiijii!«^^ 
 
 |innnni]iini| 
 
 iiniUiiiliiillliiiiliiiiiiiNiiiituiuiuiii 
 
 K 31 
 
 CEILINGS— Frame 
 
 One Course of Corkboard 
 
 Nailed to 
 
 Frame Ceiling 
 Cement Plaster Finish 
 
 Two. Three or Four inch STAR or CRESCENT Corkhoard 
 may be erected according to the following specification: 
 (See page 41 for reeoiiitiiciidatioiis of thicknesses.) 
 
 The sheathed ceiling is to be insulated with two layers of 
 waterproof insulation paper lapped not less than three inches 
 followed by a single course of inch corkboard se- 
 curely fastened with special galvanized wire nails of proper length 
 driven through No. 22 galvanized iron discs I14" diameter. 
 All corkboards are to butted up close making tight fittmg 
 joints and all transverse joints are to be broken. The exposed cork 
 surface is to be finished with approximately 7^" Portland cement 
 plaster, applied in two coats, mixed one part Portland cement 
 and two parts clean, sharp sand. The second coat is to be 
 floated or trowelled to a smooth and even finish and scored off 
 in squares of not over five feet. 
 
 Sec note page 53. 
 
 ]llinmnn|w'nn]p"n'ii|]'n/ini 
 
 lillUuiili luiuDllliilllliJUiilllltii 
 
 SUM 
 
 115 
 
 !jIlllllnUllk,(niBji.il!lllJl>JLmLtuiullllll 
 
innnrnininiiiiiimmnnininii 
 lllligyUlinMu'niiiLmlliililillimjillluiudlliiilllliilUiiilii 
 
 Esraaasfflia^^^ 
 
 ->:-lN^-;.vV-;v::-->'.v.i v';i *-; ?; cc ;;•.■.' •.'.■.-r:. 
 
 mmW'. 
 
 ^iiiiiii;ii£iLiiliii*fti^ilitMiiMii ^ 
 
 - //^"t^ g. so^/^o^ 
 
 ■ CO/^/<BOAf?D 
 
 ■ /=>0/^TLAr^D C£:ME:N7- MORTAR 
 
 ■ CORKBOAP^a 
 
 ^ORTi-AND CEIMELNT PLASTER 
 
 ^L/IN 
 
 li!»llllJkalldlrllllllillllllliliitliiinnJlmiinlilllllllllllliuadllli.i»^ 
 
 116 
 
ii'"nif"ri''";iPiiiO'i'iT^!f""'!!llilllIilliiii 
 
 No. 32 
 
 CEILINGS— Frame 
 
 Two Courses of Corkboard 
 
 Applied by Nailing' and Cement 
 
 to Frame Ceilings 
 Cement Plaster Finish 
 
 Four, Five, Six, Seven or Eight inches of STAR or CRES- 
 CENT Corkboard may be erected according to the following 
 specification : 
 
 (Sec page 41 for recommendations of thicknesses.) 
 
 The sheathed ceiling is to be insulated with two layers of 
 waterproof insulation paper and inches of cork- 
 board in two courses. The two layers of paper lapped not less 
 than three inches are to be applied against sheathing followed 
 
 by the first course of corkboard inches thick, securely 
 
 fastened with special galvanized wire nails of proper length 
 driven through No. 22 galvanized iron discs 1%" in diameter. 
 
 The second course of corkboard inches thick, is to be 
 
 applied against the first course with a J^" bed of Portland 
 cement mortar, mixed one part cement and two parts clean, 
 sharp sand and additionally secured with wood skewers or 
 special galvanized wire nails of proper length. All corkboards 
 are to be hutted up close making tight fitting joints. All trans- 
 verse joints in the first course are to be broken and all joints in 
 the second course are to be broken in both directions with the 
 joints in the first course. The exposed cork surface is to be 
 finished with approximately ^" Portland cement plaster, applied 
 in two coats, mixed one part Portland cement and two parts 
 clean, sharp sand. The second coat is to be floated or trowelled 
 to a smooth and even finish and scored oft' in squares of not 
 over five feet. 
 
 See note page 53. 
 
 [nnnran|Binm|mnnn||ni 
 
 •' (i> ;""J 
 
 117 
 
""'II hi ii 11 Ml "'if I'l* I hull" 
 
 IDnOllUlllialluilllllllllIllliinnlllniUIllliUllllllllUaull 
 
 ifwm 
 lllllllfl 
 
 aaiBsiHi^^ 
 
 IV/7TE.R F^/^OO^ /^^^-^^f/P 
 
 /='^/?A/ 
 
 DalMlilliiiIluill|llnilliinuillinifilllillllllllllii>.uiil 
 
 SEHaia^^ 
 
 118 
 
||iili|ii|||iiil||rr|j||iinmn[iimiijiinmimi[[||mp^ 
 odilllliijyiLiLniiilniinillilliibJflUiiiuulJLllllilJtlJI 
 
 luriiuilUluiUl 
 
 No. 33 
 
 CEILINGS— Fm;;^^ 
 
 Two Courses of Corkboard 
 
 iVpplied by Xailing" and Asphalt Cement 
 
 to Frame Ceilings 
 Cement Plaster Finish 
 
 Four, Five, Six, Seven or Eight inches of STAR or CRES- 
 CENT Corkboard may be erected according to the following 
 specification : 
 
 (Sec page 41 for recoiiiineudations of thicknesses. J 
 
 The sheathed ceiling is to be insulated with two layers of 
 waterproof insulation paper and inches of cork- 
 board in two courses. The two layers of paper lapped not less 
 than three inches are to be applied against sheathing followed 
 
 by the first course of corkboard inches thick securely 
 
 fastened with galvanized wire nails of proper length driven 
 through No. 22 galvanized iron discs IJ^i" in diameter. The 
 
 second course of corkboard inches thick is to be applied 
 
 against the first course with hot asphalt cement and additionally 
 secured with wood skewers or special galvanized wire nails of 
 proper length. All corkboards are to be butted up close making 
 tight fitting joints. All transverse joints in the first course are 
 to be broken and all joints in the second course are to be, broken 
 in both directions with the joints in the first course.- The ex- 
 posed cork surface is to be finished with approximately J/3" 
 Portland cement plaster, applied in two coats, mixed one part 
 Portland cement and. two parts clean, sharp sand. The second 
 coat is to be floated or trowelled to a smooth and even finish 
 and scored off in sciuares of not over five feet. 
 
 See note page 53. 
 

 y^Z-^^A/ 
 
 ilimmmnmiiniiipniiiiimiiiinm^ 
 
 130 
 
|)niinramnnn|Dinn|in|j 
 
 (iiir ""■""" 
 
 liiiiiili 
 
 niulllj,dllllllllriliiillllll).;(llil|iiiliill|||iillli(lliiiiiuiibiuiii!l 
 
 No. 34 
 
 CEILINGS— Fr^;;?^' 
 
 Granulated Cork and One Course of 
 Corkboard 
 
 Applied to 
 
 Frame Ceilings 
 Cement Plaster Finish 
 
 Two, Three or Four inch STAR or CRESCENT Corkboard 
 with granulated cork filling may be erected according to the fol- 
 lowing specification : 
 
 (See page 41 for recommendations of thicknesses.) 
 
 The ceiling is to be insulated with granulated cork filling and 
 
 one course of inch corkboard. The underside of 
 
 ceiling beams are to be sheathed with one course of %" T & G 
 boards and the spaces between beams are to be filled with 
 granulated cork well packed in place. Two la3'ers of water- 
 proof insulation paper lapped not less than three inches are to 
 
 be applied to sheathing followed by a single course of 
 
 inch corkboard securely fastened with special galvanized wire 
 nails of proper length driven through No. 22 galvanized iron 
 discs 1%'" in diameter. All corkboards are to be butted up close 
 making tight fitting joints and all transverse joints are to be 
 broken. The exposed cork surface is to be finished with approxi- 
 mately ^2" Portland cement plaster, applied in two coats, mixed 
 one part Portland cement and two parts clean, sharp sand. The 
 second coat is to be floated or trowelled to a smooth and even 
 finish and scored off in squares of not over five feet. 
 
 See note page 53. 
 
 ra 
 
 lL»udllli.nlllll»llll.JIUllll><lH 
 
 121 
 
 inniimnnpiii 
 dmiuiiil jidlliiiiiiriiiiiiii 
 
 nnni|niinn| 
 IlillbiiiiiiilUluiUl 
 
IiiiiiuIUDm 
 
 liinniUiiadliUllllllillllluuiidlliiiuiil 
 
 inniii]pn(|[nn]|[nuiii 
 
 9 ■■■■ 
 
 uHUliilllllllllllllAinidtlmiilll 
 
 llJlllilJlHillllllMfniUliiillllJrtlLi^iiLl'nill 
 
 
 
 i= 
 
 £LLV/^T/ON 
 
 .■f-SPyy/fLr 
 
 ■J£C T/OrJ <3- S 
 
 jKS?^ 
 
 ^LCiy,VT/0^ 
 
 /^^PM/fL T ■ 
 
 J£CT/0/V a- 3 
 
 idUllliiiIliiiijilliinnill illilllllilii.a!.ililuiudliliilllbl.JltliJlil 
 
 123 
 
 ii'"niifnm'Tll[P"''nin«iIi|i|iimniT'""'IP''" 
 
 nnqnt""l| 
 limit, 
 
]]ni™n|i|iiiinimjiiiinii| 
 llliuu(jdlliiiual!!iillliii 
 
 H22I2!ffli:illl 
 
 No. 35 
 
 ROOFS— Comre/e 
 
 One Course of Corkboard 
 
 Laid on 
 Concrete Roof Slab 
 
 Two, Three or l^"::ur inch STAR or CRESCEXT Corkboard 
 ir.ay be put down according to the following specification: 
 (Sec page 41 for recommendations of thicknesses.) 
 
 The roof is to be insulated with a single course of inch 
 
 corkl)oard laid in a heavy mop coat of hot asphalt on 
 
 the concrete roof slab left reasonably smooth and even by the 
 concrete contractor. All corkboards are to be butted up close 
 making tight fitting joints and all transverse joints are to be 
 broken. The insulation is to be finished with a five ply felt 
 roofing laid directly on top of corkboard by roofing contractor. 
 
 No. 36 
 
 ROOFS— Co72crele 
 
 Two Courses of Corkboard 
 
 Laid on 
 Concrete Roof Slab 
 
 Four, Five, Six, Seven or Eight inches of STAR or CRES- 
 CENT Corkboard may be put down according to the following 
 specification : 
 
 (See page 41 for recomniendatioHS of thicknesses.) 
 
 The roof is to be insulated with inches of cork- 
 beard in two courses laid on the concrete roof slab left reason- 
 ably smooth and even by the concrete contractor. The first 
 
 course is to be inches thick laid in a heavy mop coat 
 
 of hot asphalt. The second course is to be inches thick 
 
 laid on the first course in a heavy mop coat of hot asphalt. 
 All corkboards are to be butted up close making tight fitting 
 joints. All transverse joints in the first course are to be 
 broken and all joints in the second course are to be broken 
 in both directions with the joints in the first course. The in- 
 sulaticn is to be finished with a five ply felt roofing laid directly 
 lu top of ccrkbcard by roofing contractor. 
 
 |pim(i|r|iiiiini[ 
 ,imn)iiiii,-'''l'"^, 
 
 iunniUiuUllOlillllllllllllUauallUialll 
 
 'iiidii4niiiJllllllhlli>jl!llLniUijLiilllJlitlLM 
 
 123 
 
imrnini 
 
 '7 
 
 IliiiiUll 
 
 IjftJilnaL 
 
 ,illllllllli.II»illlll!;.(niuiaLiilllii 
 
 nnnniinii 
 lldlliiNriJiltJiuiUl 
 
 F'FW'lPW''''''''l''''"''(i'''''''lIIIIIlfflill'l'''™''lli''''''''IP"''''' 
 
 liiiUuJIIIIiUuiiiulLiiiiillilllillllliuuufllluiudllliJniililliillllii 
 
 il)nmulilhnii4JIllllfllulli>lllIlli.i(niUlijLltliyiilllii»iiJilbiuiUl 
 
 124 
 
™Y"'n|r;"i'')|r'i|'ifini'"™if''"iiii 
 
 i».>ulj|lllilnlLlll!ll!,,(niuiiirilllJIJL.mniLmUll 
 
 No. 37 
 
 ROOFS— Frame 
 
 One Course of Corkboard 
 
 Laid on 
 Frame Roof 
 
 Two, Three or Four inch STAR or CRESCENT Corkboard 
 may be put down according to the following specification : 
 (See page 41 for recommendations of thicknesses.) 
 
 The roof is to be insulated with one layer of waterproof paper 
 
 and a single course of inch corkboard. One layer 
 
 of waterproof paper lapped not less than three inches is to 
 be laid on roof toards in hot asphalt followed by one course of 
 corkboard laid in a heavy mop coat of hot asphalt. All cork- 
 boards are to be butted up close making tight fitting joints and 
 all transverse joints are to be broken. The insulation is to be 
 finished with a five ply felt roofing laid directly on top of cork- 
 board b}^ roofing contractor. 
 
 No. 38 
 
 ROOFS— Fra/ne 
 
 Two Courses of Corkboard 
 
 Laid on 
 Frame Roof 
 
 Eour, Five, Six, Seven or Eight inches of STAR or CRES- 
 CENT Corkboard may be put down according to the following 
 specification : 
 
 (See page 41 for recommendations of thicknesses.) 
 
 The roof is to be insulated with one layer of waterproof paper 
 
 and inches of corkboard in two courses. One layer 
 
 of waterproof paper lapped not less than three inches is to be laid 
 on roof boards in hot asphalt followed by the first course of cork- 
 board inches thick laid in a heav}- mop coat of hot asphalt. 
 
 The second course of corkboard inches thick is to be laid 
 
 on the first course in a heavy mop coat of hot asphalt. All cork- 
 boards are to be butted up close making tight fitting joints. All 
 joints in the first course are to be broken and all joints in the 
 second course are to be broken in both directions with the joints 
 in the first course. The insulation is to be finished with a five 
 ply felt roofing laid directly on top of corkboard by roofing 
 contractor. 
 
 •aiiEaazE^ 
 
 125 
 
JllillllllJillnliiinnillmillllllllllilL..al 
 
 III! ill 
 
 idllii 
 
 hiiiiiUI 
 
 tiNiiJIIIlLifniuiiJ 
 
 
 co^Arar>A^£? 
 
 iVALL /A/SUi.AT 
 
 , 4 3^^M 
 
 ^/.^^.'iT/O/V 
 
 £rL£^/iT/ON 
 
 mnnnnpmHimwi|||™ 
 
 186 
 
MP 
 I mmllOl 
 
 \aMm 
 
 [liinnqir 
 
 'llll^ ' 
 lliiiilll li 
 
 No. 39 
 
 BEAMS and GIRDERS— C^;2rr^/^ o?' Steel 
 
 One Course of Corkboard 
 
 Applied to 
 
 Ends of Beams or 
 Girders Extending into Wails 
 
 Two, Three or Four inch STAR or CRESCENT Corkbcard 
 ma}- be erected according to the following specificaticr. : 
 (See page 41 for recoininendations of thicknesses.) 
 
 All beams and girders extending into the building walls are 
 to be insulated on the ends, tops and sides with one course of 
 
 inch corkboard cut accurately to make tight fitting 
 
 joints and extend beyond the inside face of wall so that the wall 
 insulation will butt up tightly against it. The insulation con- 
 tractor is to furnish the corkboard required for this purpose, but 
 the cork is to be installed by the general contractor. 
 
 mmimnniinBn||iimii||j|][]|][|[]np^^^ 
 
 iiiilllllaiuUiuRinUuittil 
 
 •'I I"- , 
 
 TiirarrarTC^^^ 
 
 .ilUlii 
 
 127 
 
 iiiyllllltlliilliilllllli'ifniuiuliilllliulilifll'uiiuiiljiuiuil 
 

 inniinii 
 
 IlilllluiilltlluillilKUlUlUl 
 
 JE^£V^^T/0/V 
 
 111 "'l| '"^11 <""'' 
 iilUuiiiinuiiniiilllllllllllllllllui 
 
 EHaias^ 
 
 128 
 
niimin]i™mjm||||p[iimj™mni|j||ini||pi|||[|)miniijj| 
 iirillllji 
 
 EGaaoBiiii 
 
 No. 40 
 FREEZING TANKS 
 
 On Wood Floor or Concrete Foundation 
 
 Two Courses of Corkboard under Bottom 
 and Granulated Cork on Sides 
 
 Four, Five, Six, Seven or Eight inches of STAR or CRES- 
 CENT Corkboard and any thickness of granulated cork may be 
 erected according to the following specification : 
 
 (See page 41 for rccouimcndations of thicknesses.) 
 BOTTOM : 
 
 The bottom of the tank is to be insulated with inches 
 
 of corkboard in two courses laid on a reasonably smooth 
 
 and even foundation. (Foundation to be furnished by Owner.) 
 
 The first course is to be inches thick laid in a heavy mop 
 
 coat of hot asphalt. The second course is to be inches thick 
 
 laid on the first course in a heavy mop coat of hot asphalt. All 
 corkboards are to be butted up close making tight fitting joints. 
 All transverse joints in the first course are to be broken and all 
 joints in the second course are to be broken in both directions 
 with the joints in the first course. The top surface of cork is 
 to be mopped with a coat of hot asphalt not less than ]4," 
 thick thoroughly sealing all joints ready for the tank to be placed 
 on top. This insulation is to be extended to the outside of the 
 insulation on the sides of the tank. 
 
 SIDES: 
 The sides of the tank adjacent to building walls are to be 
 
 insulated by filling in the inch space between the tank 
 
 and the walls with granulated cork well packed in place. The 
 building walls are to be waterproofed with a heavy coat of hot 
 asphalt to the full height of the tank leaving no unprotected 
 places. The top of granulated cork all around the tank is to 
 
 be covered with a single course of inch corkboard 
 
 carefully fitted between the tank and the building walls and the 
 top surface coated with hot asphalt thoroughly sealing all joints. 
 The top of the insulation all around the tank is to be protected 
 by a curbing consisting of two courses of. 7/s" T & G boards 
 with two courses of waterproof insulation paper between laid 
 on properly supported framing so that the top surface of curb- 
 ing is flush with the ice can covers. The curbing is to extend 
 from the outside of insulation to the ice can covers. 
 
 129 
 
!il71jTl!lCH3a 
 
 lllll!lll,lllilHLillllt!n(liiuiuilllll» 
 
 ininninn[)iini|| 
 liltlllliuilUluiUi 
 
 y^/^y^A/ 
 
 
 C/1/V coy£/?3 
 
 Ve"T4G. BO/IJ^DS 
 
 '/a" //or /fs/^/y/i^r 
 
 HOT /IS/'///)LT 
 
 HOT ^3P/Y/)CT 
 
 JEL^V^T/O/Sf 
 
 ]ei:p7 
 
 Ijin'iniiiiiiiwiii 
 --,,..- ,, , <P ii>' 
 
 iiiniiilliiiirilllUlllllllllllluiiiidiliuiii 
 
 |niinninit||iii"llllliil 
 
 1 
 
 'EliiliH^^ 
 
 130 
 
l!liinnilliuiiillilllilllllli.uadllii..i[lliliiillliJLlll 
 
 [iiii"ni||(|n|]|i|jillimimimmnmjmiMii|| 
 IliiillullllllCiniUiiiLltlllulLli'lrmnibiuiulll 
 
 No. 41 
 FREEZING TANKS 
 
 O;? Wood Floor or Concrete Foundation 
 
 Two Courses of Corkboard under Bottom 
 and Granulated Cork on Sides 
 
 Wood Finish 
 
 Four, Five, Six, Seven or Eight inches of STAR or CRES- 
 CENT Corkboard and any thickness of granulated cork may be 
 erected according to the following specification : 
 
 (See page 41 for recommendations of thicknesses.) 
 BOTTOM : 
 
 The bottom of the tank is to he insulated with inches 
 
 of corkboard in two courses laid on a reasonably smooth 
 
 and even foundation. (Foundation to be furnished by Owner.) The 
 
 first course is to be inches thick laid in a heavy mop coat 
 
 of hot asphalt. The second course is to be inches thick 
 
 laid on the first course in a heavy mop coat of hot asphalt. All 
 corkboards are to be butted up close making tight fitting joints. 
 All transverse joints in the first course are to be broken and 
 all joints in the second course are to be broken in both directions 
 with the joints in the first course. The top surface of cork is 
 to be mopped with a coat of hot asphalt not less than Ys" 
 thick thoroughly sealing all joints ready for the tank to be placed 
 on top. This insulation is to be extended to the outside of the 
 insulation on the sides of the tank. 
 
 SIDES: 
 
 The sides of the tank are to be insulated with inches 
 
 of granulated cork well packed in between tank and retaining 
 
 walls constructed of 2" x 6" studs atl6" centers placed 
 
 inches away from the sides of the tank. The studding is to be 
 sheathed on outside with two courses of I'i" T & G boards with 
 two layers of waterproof insulation paper between, lapping the 
 paper not less than three inches. The first course of T & G 
 boards is to be erected horizontally and the second course ver- 
 tically. The studs are to be nailed to a 2x6 plate at the bottom 
 and are to be substantially secured to the top of the tank with 
 suitable framing. The top of insulation all around the tank is 
 to be protected by a curbing consisting of two courses of Ys," 
 T & G boards with two layers of waterproof insulation paper 
 between laid on properly supported framing so that the top sur- 
 face of curbing is flush with the ice can covers. The curbing 
 is to extend from the outside of the insulation to the ice can 
 covers. 
 
 ■IEI2Ililill3333ll3^ 
 
 131 
 
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 pnnrapimnniipniT 
 
 MM 
 unidlhmiilllijlllllllllliilliilli 
 
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 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ 
 
 132 
 
IlfflPlIliniinraiirampfi'imnninmrnii: 
 
 iidflliil.JLiiiiiiil(niui.!iiiiliiiJllJLmlMi[ii'uiiiil 
 
 No. 42 
 
 FREEZING TANKS 
 
 On Wood Floor or Concrete Foundation 
 
 Tv/o Courses of Corkboard under Bottom 
 
 and One Course of Corkboard 
 
 and Granulated Cork on Sides 
 
 Cement Plaster Finish 
 
 Two, Three or Four inch STAR or CRESCENT Corkboard 
 and 4" or 6" of granulated cork may 'be erected according to the 
 following specification : 
 
 (Sec page 41 for reeoniuiendations of tliiekncsses.) 
 BOTTOM : 
 
 The bottom of the tank is to be insulated with inches 
 
 of corkboard in two courses, laid en a reasonably smooth 
 
 and even foundation. (Foundation to be furnished by Owner.) 
 
 i he first course is to be mches thick laid in a heavy mop 
 
 coat of hot asphalt. The second course is to be inches 
 
 thick laid on the first course in a heavy mop coat of hot asphalt. 
 All 'corkboards are to be butted up close making tight fitting 
 joints. All transverse joints in the first course are to be broken 
 and all joints in the second course are to be broken in both 
 directions with the joints in the first course. The top surface 
 of cork is to be mopped with a coat of hot asphalt not less 
 than }i" thick thoroughly sealing all joints ready for the tank 
 to be placed on top. This insulation is to be extended to the 
 outside of the insulation on the sides of the tank. 
 
 SIDES: 
 
 The sides of the tank are to be insulated with inches 
 
 of granulated cork and one course of inch cork- 
 board. 3"x4" (or 3"x6") studs are to be erected against 
 the sides of the tank at 18" centers well secured to the top of 
 the tank and -to a 2" x 4" wood plate at bottom. The cork- 
 board is to be erected against the studs securely fastened with 
 special galvanized wire nails of proper length. The space be- 
 tween the corkboard and the tank is to be filled with granulated 
 cork well packed in place. All corkboards are to be butted 
 up close making tight fitting joints and> all vertical joints are 
 to be staggered. The exposed cork surface is to be finished 
 with approximately yi" Portland cement plaster, applied in two 
 coats, mixed one part Portland cement and two parts clean, sharp 
 sand. The second coat is to be floated or trowelled to a smooth 
 and even finish and scored off in squares of not over five feet. 
 The top of the insulation all around the tank is to be protected 
 by a curbing consisting of two courses of %" T & G boards 
 with two layers of waterproof insulation paper between laid 
 on properly supported framing so that the top surface of curb- 
 ing is flush with the ice can covers. The curbing is to extend 
 from the outside of the insulation to the ice can covers. 
 
 NOTE. — Wood finish according to Specification No. 43 may be 
 substituted for the cement finisJi. 
 
 Sec note page 53. 
 
 Ip.i™j|,l.lj|p|jl|Y_nnnm.,n,, 
 iiidllUialiilllllJIUlmiiiiiiuiuiul 
 
 133 
 
!;ni;EEM33irjES^^^^^^ 
 
 lie: 
 
 IINIIIJlllIUIIllI 
 
 y^Z^A^ 
 
 3x3 ~S7-i/^^. 
 
 cty^s//VG 
 
 
 ^La-l^^T/C?^ 
 
 ^^^^3^^^3^^ 
 
 134 
 
Ea||in|||Ilil|limumn|i(inn™Bnni|n|||i|i|||||||iiinn| iiniiMiy ni"n||||ii(m 
 II I! ii"4 '"> <iiiiv» In"' J '™ '"'" (iiiifii ,::,f'' ■■ "I I ' ■■'"""■ 
 dllillllillilllllllUiinililllniiMlllilillllillmnlllliiulllLlllliJII^ 
 
 No. 43 
 
 FREEZING TANKS 
 
 On Wood Floor or Concrete Foundation 
 
 Two Courses of Corkboard under Bottom 
 and Two Courses of Corkboard on Sides 
 
 Wood Finish 
 
 Four, Five, Six, Seven or Eight inches of STAR or CRES- 
 CENT Corkboard under bottom and on sides ma}' be erected 
 according to the following specification : 
 
 (See page 41 for recommendations of thicknesses.) 
 
 BOTTOM : 
 
 The bottom of the tank is to be insulated with inches 
 
 of corkboard in two courses laid on a reasonably smooth 
 
 and even foundation. (Foundation to be furnished by Owner.) The 
 
 first course is to be inches thick laid in a heavy mop coat of 
 
 hot asphalt. The second course is to be inches thick laid 
 
 on the first course in a heavy mop coat of hot asphalt. All cork- 
 boards are to be butted up close making tight fitting joints. All 
 transverse joints in the first course are to be broken and all joints 
 in the second course are to be broken in both directions with the 
 joints in the first course. The top surface of cork is to be mopped 
 with a coat of hot asphalt not less than ]4," thick thor- 
 oughly sealing all joints ready for the tank to be placed on top. 
 This insulation is to be extended to the outside of the insulation 
 on the sides of tank. 
 
 SIDES: 
 
 The sides of the tank are to be insulated with inches 
 
 of corkboard in two courses. Studs (.2"x3", 3" x 3", 
 
 3"x4") are to be erected against the tank 36" apart well 
 secured to the top of the tank and to a wood plate at the bottom. 
 
 The first course is to be inches thick set between studs 
 
 and applied against tank with hot asphalt, and toenailed to studs. 
 
 The second course is to be inches thick applied against 
 
 the first course with hot asphalt and nailed to studding. All cork- 
 boards are to be butted up close making tight fitting joints. 
 All joints in the second course are to be broken in both direc- 
 tions with the joints of the first course and all vertical joints 
 are to lap the studs by at least six inches. The insulation is 
 to be finished with two courses of 14," T & G lumber erected 
 , vertically with two layers of waterproof paper between, lapping 
 the paper not less than three inches. The wood finish is to be 
 securely nailed to suitable wood furring strips placed along the 
 top and bottom of tank. 
 
 XOTE. — Cement finish according to Specification A^o. 42 may 
 be substituted for the zvood finish. 
 
 nDimii||pm|ii||iiuuiii|iiiiiiiii||iiiiiii 
 
 y n In III! "A iii> '! 
 
 mlULIIuJiirillunnilliiiulilil 
 
 3iHI2a2MililB 
 
mrni 
 
 nimmjijimnii]] 
 
 " r.:i IR) .„ 
 
 
 [imnKmniiniiiuii 
 
 .• ! 
 
 miudllliil 
 
 jimnHI 
 
 m 
 
 v.ium 
 
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 /?£'/^OK4i3/.£: COi^S/^ 
 
 
 
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 ^L£:i^/fT/OA/ 
 
 Eii-aaEiifflsaziiiiiii 
 
 136 
 
,^ rrar::!^ 
 
 Illnimiihinilllliiilll 
 
 No. 44 
 
 CYLINDRICAL TANKS, COOLERS, 
 FILTERS, Etc. 
 
 With Flat or Curved Tops 
 
 One Course of Corkboard 
 
 Asphalt Finish 
 
 Two, Three or Four inch CRESCENT Corkboard maj- be ap- 
 plied according to the following specification: 
 
 (See page 41 for recommendations of thicknesses.) 
 
 The is to be insulated with one course of 
 
 inch CRESCENT Cork lagging bevelled to the proper 
 
 radius to lit the C3dindrical surface. The inside and outside surfaces 
 of lags are to be asphalt coated. The lags are to be applied to 
 
 the shell of the and to each other with asphalt paint and 
 
 secureh' fastened with wire every six inches. The entire insulated 
 surface is to be finished with a heavy coat of asphalt paint 
 applied evenly. 
 
 The bottom of the ..... is to l)e insulated with a disc of 
 
 inch CRESCENT Corkboard laid in asphalt paint. The top sur- 
 face is to be finished with a coat of asphalt paint. 
 
 SPECIEICATION FOR FLAT TOP 
 
 The top of the is to be insulated with a removable cover 
 
 constructed in two halves of one course inch CRESCENT 
 
 Corkboard asphalt coated on all sides placed between two 
 courses of 7/i" T & G lumber and two layers of waterproof paper. 
 
 SPECIFICATION FOR CURVED TOP 
 For tanks, coolers, etc., with heads as per drawing 45, use the 
 above specification changing instructions for top insulation to 
 read as follows : 
 
 The head of the is to be insulated with a cork 
 
 disc made of inch CRESCENT Corkboard, lagging 
 
 quality, asphalt coated both sides and cemented together with 
 asphalt, breaking all transverse joints. The disc is to be 
 
 cemented to the ends of cork lagging on the sides of the 
 
 with asphalt paint and the space between the head and 
 
 the disc is to be filled in with fine granulated cork. The entire 
 insulated surface is to be finished with a heavy coat of asphalt 
 paint applied evenly. 
 
 iiinuilliiiiiiilll 
 
 imiinnii 
 
 <ir 
 
 llljllliuoiialluiutil 
 
 .link ( 
 
 rni|niiiii| 
 IliflbiiiiiiiUmiUl 
 
 137 
 
Tp;i:= 
 
 li lililiiiiiiiiiUluilil 
 
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 CO/?K 
 
 ^J-£:i^/JT/OA^ 
 
 IIIH^^ 
 
 138 
 
uililli(llllinllm:illllillllilillllM„uf]|l..uallullllJL.Ii.Jlilllllm<l^ 
 
 No. 45 
 
 CYLINDRICAL COOLERS, BRINE 
 TANKS, Etc. 
 
 Two Courses of Corkboard 
 
 Asphalt Finish 
 
 Four, Five, Six, Seven or Eight inches of CRESCENT 
 Corkboard ma_v be applied according to the following specifica- 
 tion ; 
 
 (See page 41 for reeoinmcndations of thicknesses.) 
 
 The is to be insulated with two courses of 
 
 inch CRESCENT Cork lagging bevelled to the proper 
 
 radius to fit the cylindrical surface. The inside and outside 
 surfaces of lags are to be asphalt coated. The lags of the first 
 
 course are to be applied to the shell of the and to each 
 
 other with asphalt paint and secureh' wired in place. The lags 
 of the second course are to be applied against the first course 
 and to each other with asphalt paint and securely fastened with 
 wire every six inches. All joints in the second course are to 
 be broken in both directions with the joints in the first course. 
 The entire insulated surface is to be finished with a heavy 
 coat of asphalt paint applied evenly. 
 
 The bottom of the is to be insulated with 
 
 a cork disc inches thick made of two courses of 
 
 inch CRESCENT Corkboard, lagging quality, asphalt coated both 
 sides ar,d cemented together with asphalt. The joints of each 
 course are to be broken in both directions with the joints of 
 the other course. The disc is to be laid in hot asphalt and 
 coated on all sides. 
 
 The head of the is to be insulated with a cork disc 
 
 inches thick made of two courses of inch CRESCENT 
 
 Corkboard, lagging quality, asphalt coated both sides and cemented 
 together with asphalt. The joints of each course are to be 
 broken in both directions with the joints of the other course. 
 The disc is to be cemented to the ends of cork lagging on the 
 
 sides of the with asphalt paint and the space between 
 
 head and disc is to be filled in with fine granulated cork. The 
 entire insulated surface is to be finished with a heavy coat of 
 asphalt paint applied evenly. 
 
 [mRnnnmiii 
 
 ,";;i P. 
 
 i;:iiliiiiiiillilJ!l!!ll!lllllui 
 
 .iii!ii„iiiiiluill)iJilJilt<iJli!!i 
 
 i'"''irTir""'ii'""""'""' 
 
 llrtlLi(iiiiilllluiU. 
 
 139 
 
ilinillllinitUlllil 
 
 lillllllUllllllllllflll 
 
 GffiaZIBilll 
 
 llllllllll 
 
 PLfll^ 
 
 coc/ir-sr^ Of co^ri - 
 
 fill CO/7K l/Je<5 
 
 -^ 
 
 COKK kPaS 
 
 ELELV^TICN 
 
 ll|inmn||inmij||mnnn| 
 
 UilUuullUlliiilUl 
 
 nnniiniil 
 IhlliJIIIlLUlUillljllJIldlLiiilfibmiul 
 
 140 
 
jo. 
 
 CYLINDRICAL BRINE COOLERS 
 
 Two Courses of Corkboard 
 
 Asphalt Finish 
 
 Four, Five, Six, Seven or Eight inches of CRESCENT 
 Corkboard may be applied according to the following speci- 
 fication : 
 
 (See page 41 for recomiuciidations of thicknesses.) 
 
 The cooler is to be insulated with two courses of 
 
 inch Crescent Cork lagging bevelled to the proper 
 
 radius to fit the cylindrical surface. The inside and outside 
 surfaces of lags are to be asphalt coated. The lags of the first 
 course are to be applied to the shell of the cooler and to each 
 otner with asphalt paint and securely wired in place. The lags 
 of the second course are to be applied against the first course 
 and to each other with asphalt paint and securely fastened 
 with wire every six inches. All joints in the second course are 
 to be broken in both directions with the joints in the first 
 course. The entire insulated surface is to be finished with a 
 heavy coat of asphalt paint applied evenly. 
 
 The bottom of the cooler is to be insulated by erecting a 
 single course of bricks in cement mortar from the floor or 
 foundation to the under side of outer edge of the bottom flange 
 of cooler and the entire space under cooler filled with fine granu- 
 lated cork, well packed in place. 
 
 The exposed brick surface is to be finished with a coat of 
 Portland cement plaster, mixed one part Portland cement and 
 two parts clean, sharp sand. 
 
 The head of the cooler is to be insulated with a cork disc 
 inches thick made of two courses of inch CRES- 
 CENT Corkboard, lagging quality, asphalt coated both sides and 
 cemented together with asphalt. The joints of each course are 
 to be broken in both directions with the joints of the other 
 course. The disc is to be cemented to the ends of cork lagging 
 on the sides of the cooler with asphalt paint and the space be- 
 tween cooler head and disc is to be filled in with fine granu- 
 lated cork. The entire insulated surface is to be finished with 
 a heav}' coat of asphalt paint applied evenly. 
 
 ,;naHn[n.mii|]]i™nnjji||ipimnmiimni|mn|[ip.|||[niimim|||nn^ 
 
 14 r 
 
npFmi 
 
 ntrnirTniminnirnnnn; 
 
 iiillilillUliiiuiia 
 
 lininiimiii 
 
 (iiir 
 
 llUllllI 
 
 Tmnmnt 
 
 IllllhlijIlliLiniUiiLillliu 
 
 ' ::nl:.]\ 
 
 lillliiiiiuiilliuilll'l 
 
 m 
 
 CORK— BAtSn 
 
 CORK — covi: 
 
 CORK-TILinC 
 
 
 ■ ^ 
 
 concRET£-rmi5H 
 
 :';"-:-;-concKtrL~riiK-:v 
 
 CORK- TR TAD 
 
 l!tllliillllliimdlluililiiiilii!ilililiilill[luiiiiilliiiiiiillllllllllllllliiiii(iallii 
 
 ajiaiHSfflsaaEa^^ 
 
 142 
 
imnnnimnninmii 
 
 in()inmi!n|l|)m!]|)i;irnnilljnimil|m"nT|r|jinmiin|||||||||p 
 
 L ■■'' '"> *m "111" ;::'■ 1,1 '""' ""'' innni z/'-i i "■'""'■••• 
 
 llllHIMllmillllill'lllllllll,uuill.ullllnllll.JllJlllliJlllillllni;<.ilill<i>lli 
 
 No. 47 
 
 CRESCENT CORK TILE 
 
 Standard Specification 
 United Cork Flooring Company 
 
 FLOORS: (or Stair Threads, etc., etc.) shall be of (CRES- 
 CENT) CORK TILE ^" thick of American manufacture, 
 made of the finest quality of clear cork shavings in standard 
 proportions by weight, compressed solidly in closed moulds 
 and thoroughly baked. It shall be free from all foreign 
 substances and cement of any kind, other than the natural gum 
 of the cork. It shall be set in a waterproof cement, so applied 
 to the tile and foundation as to achieve perfect adherence and 
 hermetically seal and bind all joints. 
 
 x\ll Cork Tile to be furnished under this specification shall be 
 manufactured and installed by a contractor experienced in the 
 art, having to his credit, installations which have given satis- 
 factory service for a period of not less than three (3) years, 
 prior to the taking of bids on this work. Bidders on this work, 
 will name in their bid three (3) buildings in which their material 
 has been in service for the period stipulated in these specifica- 
 tions. 
 
 NOTE.— If cove base is desired, state height required. 
 
 • ; II 111 "4 ""» <in 
 
 lllruilliUllllllliiyilllilHillLinllllllllllllll illlli.(,.llll.rllll,Jllu!llllnl 
 
 •"•nii|'"iiii'M|||r;;;'ii|()"(|(|jpi|f|'|'":"'F 
 
 iilkMiillLillllilJliilllllll<'lllilllJHilllliJI'limi'niiilnmilll 
 
 143 
 
nninim|ijimiiii| 
 
 •' lllll* 
 Ullliiiailllliiiillll 
 
 llinilUyllllliilliJIIlLniUldyillJIrtliiiiimitlimiil 
 
 Plant of Xorthwestern Cold Storage and Warehouse Co. About 
 
 six carloads of "Star" were used for the Insulation 
 
 of this Building. 
 
 riant of Jamaica Consumers Ice Co. More than 100,000 Feet 
 of Crescent Corkboard were Used in Insulating this Plant 
 
 iiUuillirlllllliiniiilliniri 
 
 ini""i 
 
 llluiiiid 
 
 |ininiii|mnmimii||j|)i 
 
 (IP 
 IliiiiUll 
 
 ..llll.l,.lllli 
 
 jmni|mn||pTi||j|nimiriijp([||ninijjjii|^^^^ 
 )uiiii,llllliiilliJlllli).<(niUMbiilllJllJL'liibiuiull 
 
 144 
 
hi.uiiiiil..LilllllL'.fniuJLllliJ 
 
 Shipping T)ata 
 
 PART IV 
 (Pages 145 to 150 inclusive) 
 
 laOliyilliil 
 
 iEHi 
 
 |inimnminini||iim|[)i 
 
 luiuUl 
 
 ■aasEECHai 
 
h»»iii[Jlliii.yiiiii.AaLliiJ 
 
 :2~! 
 
 liHiniJlUluilIU 
 
 SIZE OF BOARDS OR SHEETS 
 
 All corkboards, "Crescent" or "Star" or "Economy" 
 are made in boards or sheets measuring 
 
 12"x36" 
 and in the following thicknesses : 
 Star or 
 
 "Economy" y^J' , V, \y/\ 2^^ 3'^ V' and %" 
 Crescent Y^' , Y^" . >4'^ Ya" , 1''. ^Yi", %" , 3'', 4" 
 AVERAGE WEIGHTS 
 
 Wght. \A'ght. Wght. Per 
 
 Pei- Cu. Ft. Per Ft. B/M Ft. B/M Crated 
 Lbs. Lbs. Lbs. 
 
 Star and "Economy'' 
 
 Corkboard 16 1.35 1.5 
 
 Crescent Corkboard. . 10 .85 1 
 
 MINIMUM CARLOAD WEIGHTS 
 
 On carload shipments freight rates for various sized 
 cars are assessed upon certain minimum weights. 
 These weights will have to be paid for whether or not 
 the actual weights of shipments come up to these 
 minimum recjuirements. According to rules in force 
 January 1st, 1916, these minimum carload require- 
 ments are as follows : 
 
 For Corkboard Without Binder — Crescent 
 
 Size of Car Official Southern Western Trans Contin'l 
 
 36 foot.. 20,000 lbs. 20,000 lbs. 20,000 lbs. 24,000 lbs. 
 
 40 foot.. 22,400 " 20,000 " 22,400 " 24,000 " 
 
 45 foot.. 28,400 " 20,000 " 25,400 " 24,000 " 
 
 50 foot.. 32,000 " 20,000 " 28,400 "' 24,000 " 
 
 For Corkboard With Binder — Star and Economy 
 
 i^ize of Car Official Southern Western Trans Contin'l 
 
 All sizes. . 30,000 lbs. 30,000 lbs. 30,000 lbs. 24,000 lbs. 
 
 CONTENTS OF CARS 
 
 In the Official, Southern and Western classification 
 territories about 25,000 square feet 1" thick Crescent 
 corkboard, or about 23,000 square feet 1" thick Star 
 corkboard make a minimum carload. For the Trans- 
 continental territory about 30,000 square feet 1" Cres- 
 cent or 18,000 square feet 1" Star are required. 
 
 The loading capacity of the various sized cars fur- 
 nished by the railroads are as follows : 
 
 36 foot car 24,000 to 26.000 ft. B/M 
 
 40 " " 27,000 " 29,000 " 
 
 45 " " 30,000 " 32,000 " 
 
 50 " " 33,000 " 35,000 " 
 
 146 
 
 :2:;? 
 
 biiiuilUluiUl 
 
in^'""if"iri|ir''"'i|iiPiiiiii''^'"Wr,'!f'!";f 
 
 LOADING AND PACKING 
 
 All-rail carload shipments (C. L.) arc packed in bulk 
 i.e., the loose sheets are stacked into the cars. 
 
 Less than carload shipments (L. C. L.) and all 
 water shipments require crating. A charge of ^c. per 
 scp ft. 1" thick is made for this service. 
 
 Li handling, loading and packing, some of the boards 
 become damaged. These are cut down to obtain 
 straight edges and corners. We take the privilege of 
 sending up to 5% of such shorter boards with each 
 shipment. 
 
 FREIGHT RATES AND CLASSIFICATIONS 
 
 According to railroad rules of all classification terri- 
 tories in force January 1st, 1916, corkboard shipments 
 take the following freight rates : 
 
 Carloads 
 
 With Binder 
 Star 
 Economy 
 
 5th 
 
 Without Binder 
 Ciescent 
 
 4th 
 
 Less Carloads . . . . 
 
 3rd 
 
 2nd 
 
 FIBRE BOARD CASES OR BOXES 
 Used for Export Shipments 
 
 CONTENTS AND DIMENSIONS 
 
 -B 
 
 o 
 
 d* . 
 
 C'S 
 
 
 3 ™ 
 
 i; 
 
 s?-^ i 
 
 o_5 
 
 "o S 
 
 O o 
 
 "-g 
 
 
 '° g 
 
 o 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 V yn a 
 
 
 
 
 "^ 3 
 
 Wo 
 
 ^l 
 
 II 
 
 0-" 
 
 CO o S 
 
 ^k 
 
 
 
 g^u 
 
 1 // 
 
 21 
 
 63 
 
 63 
 
 :;(;i;.v2i I'.xi^", 
 
 .1 r,';3 
 
 
 .089 
 
 1 y, " 
 
 14 
 
 42 
 
 63 
 
 :;r,i^xii1 >,. xlii', 
 
 . 1 . ii ;."> 
 
 
 .08i» 
 
 •2, " 
 
 1(1 
 
 30 
 
 60 
 
 :;(;'.. xlmi \.. y.V2\ 
 
 
 
 .089 
 .089 
 
 V // 
 
 ■- 
 
 21 
 
 63 
 
 :;(;Vox-;i v.-xl^v, 
 
 
 
 4 " 
 
 '' 
 
 15 
 
 (iO 
 
 361/2x2072x1214, 
 
 5.305 
 
 
 .089 
 
 WEIGHT OF 
 
 CRESCENT 
 
 WEIGHT 
 
 OF STAR 
 
 
 
 CORKBOARD 
 
 
 CORKBOARD 
 
 
 
 
 o 
 
 56 
 56 
 53 
 56 
 53 
 
 5^i 
 
 5V2 
 
 51/2 
 
 ^^ 
 
 50.5 
 
 50.5 
 
 48. 
 50.5 
 
 48. 
 
 ^^ 
 
 .888 
 .888 
 .883 
 .888 
 .883 
 
 a a 
 
 92.55 
 92.55 
 
 88.00 
 92.55 
 
 88.00 
 
 7V2 
 
 71/2 
 
 
 SI. 
 
 85.05 
 
 81. 
 
 
 147(1 
 1 470 
 1.4r,7 
 1.470 
 1.4(17 
 
 lllllliuudllutulll 
 
 147 
 
nimilhiii.l4JllllliilliilllllL(niUl.lLlilllliiillrflLiii:iiilbluiUl 
 
 GRANULATED NATURAL CORK, C. S. 
 
 GRANULATED and REGRANU- 
 
 LATED CORK 
 
 AVERAGE WEIGHTS 
 
 Weight 
 Material , Per Cu. Ft. Per Bag Of Bag 
 
 Lbs. Lbs. Lbs. 
 
 ^'^ Uncreened Gran 7 75 2 
 
 8/13 C. S. Gran 9 95 2 
 
 8/20 C. S. Gran 11 120 2 
 
 12/20 C. S. Gran 13 140 2 
 
 Mixed Reg-ranulated 7>4 80 2 
 
 Fine Regranulated 7>4 80 2 
 
 Coarse Regranulated 6>< 70 2 
 
 PACKING 
 
 All the above grades are packed in burlap bags 
 measuring approximately 23" x 42" filled. 
 
 A charge for Burlap Bags is made on all shipments, 
 but the bags may be returned to our factory prepaying 
 all transportation charges. All bags received by us in 
 good condition will be credited back to our customers 
 at 5 cents less than charged. This is to take care of 
 wear and tear. 
 
 FREIGHT RATES— CLASSIFICATION 
 
 All grades and kinds of granulated cork shipped to 
 any point in the United States take the following 
 freight rates : 
 
 Carloads 3rd Class 
 
 Less than Carloads 1st Class 
 
 MINIMUM CARLOAD WEIGHTS 
 
 On carload shipments freight rates for the various 
 sized cars are assessed upon certain minimum weights. 
 These weights will have to be paid for whether or not 
 the actual weights of the shipments come up to the 
 minimum requirements. 
 
 According to rules in force January 1st, 1917, the 
 minimum carload requirements for all kinds of granu- 
 lated cork are as follows : 
 
 Official Southern Western Trans Contin'l 
 
 36' car.. 12,000 lbs. 12,000 lbs. 12,000 lbs. 24,000 lbs. 
 
 40' " . . 13,000 *' 15,000 " 13,440 " 24,000 " 
 
 45' " . . 17,040 " 19,800 " 15,240 " 24,000 " 
 
 50' " . . 19,550 " 21,600 " 17,040 " 24,000 " 
 
 148 
 
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 ■1" 
 
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 CORK BRICK 
 
 Cork bricks for horse stalls measure 4" x 9" x 1^4"- 
 Cork bricks for cow stalls measure -t" x 9" x 2". 
 
 Weights, Packing, etc. 
 
 The average cork brick weighs about 2.5 lbs. each. 
 If shipped in less than carload lots or by water they 
 have to be crated, for which an extra charge of $5.0U 
 per M is made. 
 
 Cork Brick for Horse Stalls 
 
 Size of 
 
 Gross Weight 
 
 Net Weight 
 
 No. of 
 
 Crates 
 
 Approx. 
 
 Approx. 
 
 Brick, 
 per Crate 
 
 39>4" x 20" X 13>4" 300 lbs. 270 lbs. 
 
 Cork Brick for Cow Stalls 
 
 Size of 
 Crates 
 
 Gross Weight 
 Approx. 
 
 Net Weight 
 Approx. 
 
 112 
 
 No. of 
 
 Brick, 
 
 per Crate 
 
 39>^"x20"xl35^" 280 lbs. 250 lbs. 
 
 100 
 
 FREIGHT CLASSIFICATION— MINIMUM CAR- 
 LOADS 
 
 Cork brick are classified in all railroad classification 
 territories as 4th class for 1. c. 1. shipments and 6th 
 class for carload shipments, 40,000 pounds or about 
 16,000 bricks making a minimum carload. 
 
 CORK TILE 
 
 Cork tile weighs about 20 ounces per square foot 
 14 ■■ thick. On account of the fine, sharp edges to 
 which this material is finished all shi])ments are packed 
 in strong wooden boxes to orevent damage. 
 
 Cork tile is classified for all railroad classifications 
 territories the same as corkl)oard without foreign bind- 
 er (CRESCENT) i. e.,, 2nd and 4th class. 
 
 Cork tile is made up in such a variety of sizes that no 
 standards for packing can be given. A nominal charge 
 is made to cover expenses of packing. 
 
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 149 
 
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 A Final Word 
 
 In a book of this character, it is manifestly impos- 
 sible to cover a subject so broad as "Cork Insulation". 
 
 We have endeavored, therefore, to give the gen- 
 eral and specific information that will assist toward a 
 better understanding of the advantages of Cork as an 
 Insulator. 
 
 We mvite correspondence from anyone m search 
 of further details and will promptly give our attention 
 to all mquiries. 
 
 In our List of References, you will probably find 
 names of firms or individuals in your own vicinity — 
 who will be glad to tell you their experience with our 
 Products. 
 
 Write for this list. 
 
 EliSaiBSHaiBSS^^^^^ 
 
 150 
 
iZX.,u<iilJll!lWl.JI.JIIIlLfniuJ.<illhuilU 
 
 INDEX 
 
 PART I— GENERAL INFORMATION. 
 
 Air Space Insulation 8 
 
 British Thermal Unit (B. T. U.) G 
 
 Condensation 10-42 
 
 Conduction 7 
 
 Conductivity of Cor!: 14-23 
 
 Convection 7 
 
 Cork (Stripping of Trees) 4 
 
 Corkboard 14 
 
 Cork Bricks 34 
 
 Cork Insulation 5 
 
 Cork Products 13 
 
 Cork Tiling 35 
 
 Cork Waste or Shavings 12 
 
 Crescent Corkboard 19 
 
 Cost of Installation, Examples 28-29 
 
 Econom}^ Corkboard 17 
 
 Empty Air Spaces 8-42 
 
 Granulated Cork 17 
 
 Heat 6 
 
 Heat Measurements 6 
 
 Heat Transference 7 
 
 Heat Transmission 7-23 
 
 Latent Heat 6 
 
 Methods of Insulation 8 
 
 Miscellaneous Uses of Cork Insulation 30 
 
 Other Forms and Methods of Insulation 8 
 
 Radiation 7 
 
 Re-granulated Cork 14 
 
 Saving of Space by Corkboard Construction. Example 23 
 
 Specific Heat 6 
 
 Star Corkboard 15 
 
 Ton of Refrigeration 7 
 
 U. S. Navy Test on Corkboard 21 
 
 Summary of Advantages 23 
 
 Uses of Cork H 
 
 Virgin Cork 10 
 
 PART II— CONSTRUCTION DATA. 
 
 General Recommendations and Suggestions 40 
 
 Table of Thicknesses Recommended 41 
 
 151 
 
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INDEX— Continued 
 
 Additional Data. 
 
 Coil Lofts and Bunkers 44 
 
 Columns, Beams and Girders 43 
 
 Continuous Insulation .... 46 
 
 Cork Partitions 44 
 
 Diagram of Typical Construction 47 
 
 Floors on Ground 45 
 
 Freezing Tanks 46 
 
 Nails, Discs and Skewers 48 
 
 Roofs 43 
 
 Walls and Ceilings 42 
 
 PART III— SPECIFICATIONS. 
 
 Foreword 52 
 
 Beams and Girders 126-127 
 
 Ceilings 100-121 
 
 Cement Plaster Finish Note ■. 53 
 
 Crescent Cork Tile 142-143 
 
 Cylindrical Tanks, Coolers, Filters, etc 136-141 
 
 Floors 82-99 
 
 Freezing Tanks , 128-135 
 
 Partitions 70-81 
 
 Roofs 122-125 
 
 Walls 54-69 
 
 PART IV— SHIPPING DATA 
 Corkboard. 
 
 Average Weights 146 
 
 Contents of Cars -. 146 
 
 Contents and Dimensions of Cases or Boxes 147 
 
 Freight Rates and Classifications 147 
 
 Loading and Packing 147 
 
 Minimum Carload Weights 146 
 
 Sizes of Boards or Sheets 146 
 
 Cork Brick and Cork Tile. 
 
 Freight Classifications 149 
 
 Minimum Carloads 149 
 
 Sizes 149 
 
 Weights and Packing •- 149 
 
 Granulated and Re-Granulated Cork. 
 
 Average Weights 148 
 
 Freight Rates and Classifications 148 
 
 Minimum Carload Weights 148 
 
 Packing ^'^8 
 
 Zellner-Frank, Inc., New York 
 
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