Class. E I"? b Book . K C Copy a MEMORIAL ADDRESSES. HENRY B. ANTHONY. DeliveredMi the &eiiate MEMORIAL ADDRESSES, ON SEVERAL OCCASIONS ; DELIVERED IN THE SENATE OE THE UNITED STATES HENRY B. ANTHONY. \ SENATOR FROM klhuiK ISLAND, PROVIDENCE: S I I) N E V S RID E R. 1875- Enio W.l I I I.I I ■ I l\..\ PRINTERS :> ^^^^ ; "* STEPHEN ARNOLD DOUGLAS. Stephen A. Douglas, died in Chicago, June 3, 1861. ( )n (lie 9th of duly following, at the special session of ( !on- gress, resolutions nf respect to his memory were introduced inld tiic Senate. < hi these resolutions Mr. Anthony ad- dressed the Senate as follows: — Mr. President: To the affectionate ] anises of friends, and (he magnanimous eulogies of rivals, I hope it will not he deemed presumptuous, if I add a few remarks from one who sustained towards the subject of these resolutions the relation of personal friendship and of political antagonism. I first met Mr. Douglas soon alter he had taken his sent in this body, in whose debates and deliberations he had al- ready begun to hold a leading part, and with whose history his name has since been so closely identified. The frank cordiality of his manners, the unaffected kindness of his heart, the directness of his speech, and the readiness with which he declared himself upon all the questions of the day, made upon me that favorable impression which a, more inti- mate acquaintance strengthened and confirmed. It is not my purpose to follow his public career, or to en- Large upon the qualities of his character; that grateful office has already been performed. But I have often thought that in Ins indomitable energy and will, in his sturdy self-reliance, I M E UOBIAL Aim i: I. 8 8 i: s . in his earlj development, and bis rapid march to success, be was no unfit t.\|»- of the American character. As ;i de- :. Congress has afforded i<> him verj few equals, either in this chamber, or in the other House, where his earlier hon- ors were won. Inexhaustible in resources, fierce and auda- cious in attack, skillful and ingenious in defence, he parried everj thrust, and he struck with irresistible l'm\ al the weak poinl of lii^ adversary. He \\;is;i party man, bul he loved his country better than his party ; and in the crisis which darkened the country, in bis latter days, he rose to the full height of the occasion, and appeared in the full proportions of an American Senator. His lasl utterances were for the Union; his lasl aspiration was for his country; nor is thai country unmindful of his renown or ungrateful for bis ser- vices. In the perils of civil commotion, and amidsl the shock ol fraternal strife, she pauses to weep al bis tomb. Thai voice i" which we have 30 often listened with earnesl attention, uj which these ciowded galleries have hung, hour after hour, with unwearied delight, Is hushed fori and thai home, so late the scene of genial and graceful hos- pitality, is shrouded in gloom; and to those who sil in its chambers of darkness, il seems thai joy ran never again its threshold. To them I dare nol address myself; for I well know that, al this time, the idea of consolation would seem ahnosl like wrong to the dead, and thai upon their ears words iif tenderesl sympathy would fall almost with 1 1 1 »- harshness of insult. But, Mr President, you and I know that, in the good providence of God, time, the healer, will come i" them, as il comes to all, and thai what is now a bit- ter anguish will come to bi ened sorrow, softened bj the recollection of his greatness and his fame, consoled b) the honors which the American people will paj to his memory. JOHN II. THOMSON. On the 4tli of December, 1862, resolutions were presented in the Senate, declaring the regret of the body at the death of John R. Thomson, ami its respect for his memory. Mr. Anthony addressed the Senate as follows: — Mr. President : I am unwilling to let this occasion pass without adding my tribute of respect and affection for our departed associate. My acquaintance with Mr. Thomson was formed in this chamber. It happened that the firsl committee on which I was placed was one on which he had long borne a leading part. Hi was in the majority, I in the minority. I was charmed with the kindness of his reception, with his cordial address, and his genial manners; and our acquaintance ripened into friendship, as I became familiar with the quality of his tem- per and excellencies of his heart. At that time, as has been so well said by his successor, he was surrounded by the men who were the controlling senators in this body, and who are now the chiefs of an atrocious rebellion. They were his per- sonal as well as his political friends ; but his friendship did not survive their loyalty ; and when their counsels became treasonable, he no longer shared in them, but openly de- nounced them. No consideration of partisan policy or of personal friendship stood between him and his country. 6 Ml M " l; I A I, ADDRESS! Mr. Thomson was a man of business, thorough]] conver- sant with affairs, possessing an extei sive knowledge of trade and finance. Although liberally educated, his tastes ili'l no! Iiim to literary pursuits. He made uo pretensions to oratory. !!'■ did not aid t" weigh down the Leaden columns of thi I ional Globe with those abstract discussions which we know are nol listened i" when they are spoken, and which we have little reason to apprehend are read when printed. Bui when he had occasion to take pari in the discussion of practical subjects, or i" give his views upon measures thai aff< i s of his constituents, he ex- pressed himself clearly, forcibly, and to the purpose; and he was listened to with thai attention which a man always commands who speaks only when he li;i- something t" say, ami < u 1 1 \ on a subjecl thai he knows something about To whatever matter he addressed himself he brought a clear head, a calm judgment, and an honest pur] In his private character, no man could be more gui i and amiable; no man more faithful to his friends, or more charitable to bis opponents. Em □ had none, but the enemies of his country. The last time that I -aw him was by his own fireside, whe n loved to be, and wh< lighted to dispense its liberal and elegant hospitalities Per- haps the shadow of the coming event was upon him, and bodily weakness may have influenced his spirits, for he si less chi >i 1'nl than usual ; but all his com ersation was of bis country, and of the calamities which the rebellion had bro upon it; and all his aspirations were for the of our arms, ami for the reestablishment of the federal authority ovei i >< of territory that had ever been sheltered by its flag. Little did I then think that, before we should meet here again, he would receive the inevitable summons that, or later, calls us to the "undiscovered couutry." JOHN R . TH O JI SON. How often, Mr. President, in the brief period since 1 have been associated with you in the public councils, lias the shaft of death fallen in this chamber! First, Broderick — brave, faithful and true — fell, the proto-martyr in the great cause for which so many have since suffered ; then Douglas, "who had just taken from party what was meant for mankind, on whom his country had begun to build higher hopes than ever before, and when she needed all her sons as she never needed them before. Then Baker, the friend and eulogist of Broderick. passed away amidst the smoke of bal tie, his <1\ ing eyes fixed on the flag for which he would have poured out the blood of a hundred lives : then Bingham, modest, earnest, unselfish and true hearted ; and now Thomson, whose char- acter has been so faithfully portrayed by the Senators who have preceded me. Thus, Mr. President, one after another is taken from our councils : one chair after another stands vacant on this floor . familiar faces disappear; and new voices mingle in our delib- erations. How strikingly, even in the presence of events that shake a continent and arrest the attention of the world, do these successive monitions speak to us of our own mortal- ity and of the littleness of earthly concerns, in comparison with that future existence to whose eternal chambers this life is but the vestibule, the portal! And how, in that compari- son, does this life, though crowded with mighty interests. seem to us but '• A peevish April day ; A little sun, a little rain, And then night sweeps along the plain And nil things fade away.'' WILLIAM P. FESSENDEN. William Pitt Fessenden died in Portland, Septembei s . L869. Resolutions in honor of lii were presented in the Senate, on the I lili of December, 1869. On these resolutions Mr. Anthony addressed the Senate as follows: — .!//•. President: li is nol with the expectation of adding anything to whal has been said, bul rather foi the gratifica- tion i>r in \ own feelings, thai I rise to make one 'e tribute in the worth of our friend, whose face we shall nol sec again with mortal eyes. His historj has been recited bj those who k i u • w him from his youth, his character has been depicted 1>\ those who Loved him. Much of thai history passed under '•in- nun observation; and all of thai character was appre- ciated and admired hj those who were associated with him in this bodj . and who, by general consent, accorded to him a place second to thai of no man in it. In rendering my cordial assenl to all thai n spoken in praise ni' Mr. Fessenden, I onlj repeal of him dead what I have said of him living. Ii is the general fortune of eminent public men to be greatly slandered in life, and n* be unduly eulogized in death. It' Mr. Fessenden did nol altogether es- cape the former, history will admil thai even the high praise thai has been pronounced upon him to-day, is nol exaggerated, i- not the outpouring of personal friendship, which seeks relief WILLIAM P . FESSENDEN. from its sorrow in the extravagance of eulogy, but the delib- erate judgment, which those who were long associated with him had formed i if his character". That judgment, which is ex- pressed in words after his death, was expressed in acts during his life. The great weight which his counsels carried in this chamber, the uniform respect paid to his opinions, and the conspicuous positions assigned to him, all attest the estimation in which he was held. And this estimation was undoubtedh founded on real merit, for Mr. Fessenden had not the arts of popularity, and perhaps held in too light esteem those appli- ances of suavity which often cover pretension and superficial- oess, but by which real merit does not sometimes disdain to strengthen itself. Hence he relied upon factsfairly presented and upon arguments logically adduced, for the success of a measure, and, when these failed, he did not resort to personal solicitations or to individual persuasions. And as he did not make such appeals himself, so he did not yield to them, when they came from others. I might recall to you some remark- able instances in which lie argued for the convictions of his judgment, against all the Eorce of personal solicitations, hacked by his own sympathies. This temper of mind, this intellectual conscientiousness, gave him. with superficial observers, the reputation of indifference to public opinion. Rut this reputation was not deserved. On the contrary, I think that he. was sensitive to pul die opinion, and honest praise or censure affected him, perhaps the more because he would not purchase the one or conciliate the other by concessions that are generally regarded as venial. For that public opin- ion which is manufactured to order, he had great contempt, and flattery did not. impose upon him. Even to honest but transient, public opinion, founded on limited observation and shallow reasoning, Mr. Fessenden, I have sometimes thought, I'» MEMORIAL V.DDEE88E8 . 1 1 ill imi give the consideration thai was due ; for this is not to be overlooked in shaping I< gislation : and under free institutions, where political parties are a necessity, statesmen cannol forgi i 1 1 i.i i thej are also politicians, and that, working through the Lnstrumentalitj of party, something mihi be conceded to the strengthening of thai partj which thej hold to be identi- fied wiili the best interests of the country. Bui genuine public opinion, the sentiment of thinking men, the deliberate judgmenl of the country, Mr. Fessenden held in profound respecl ; and although even to thai be would nol sacrifice his conscientious convictions, he differed from it cautiously and reluctantly . I!\ some, who knew him slightly, Mr. Fessenden \\;i-. re- garded as a haughty man. This he was not, in any offensive sense of the word. He was grave and reserved ; uncommonly quick of apprehension, he was impatient of the sometimes slower processes of other minds, and he carried his intolerance of pretense and sham to a fault ; — to a fault, because he some- times confounded these with what were only the harmless peculiarities or even the settled judgments of others; bul whatever be might claim for the conclusions to which he had brought lii> mind, he assumed no superiority for himself in reaching them. A truer, kinder heart beats in no living breast than that which now lies cold and pulseless. The universal affection in which he was held by those who sustained to him the relations of dependence and subordination is the besl proof of this. It is not given to men to achieve perfection ; else this would not be a Btate of discipline ; but of those elements whii towards it t'< • \\ possess so manj ;i> ili'l Mr. Fessenden, spicuous less for the fleeting graces that adorn a char; than for the solid virtues that dignifj and ennoble it: with W ILLIAM P . F E SSEXH E > . 11 small portion of the manner which the great and the little may alike put on, with much of the qualities that only the great and the good possess. He will long be held in grateful and affectionate remem- brance, for his masculine and vigorous intellect, for his pure and honest statesmanship, for his careful and exact acquire- ment, for the independence which nothing could shake, for the integrity which nothing could corrupt ; and, underlying all, for that sound common sense, that intellectual as well as moral rectitude, upon which, as upon a basis of enduring granite, rose the beautiful superstructure of his character. How often, Mr. President, during the troublous and perilous times through which the nation has passed : how often, when clouds settled darkest upon us and dangers gathered thickest around us. have we felt to involve the spirits of the mighty dead, and to call upon the fathers of the Republic, that they would absent them ••from felicity awhile,"" and leaving the mansions of eternal rest, mingle once more in the contests of earthly affairs, and teach us how to preserve the institu- tions which their wisdom and patriotism had established ! And when, turning from the unanswering dead to the living present, we have looked to those who were wisest in coun- cil, firmest in purpose, and purest in heart, never did we fail to recognize among them him whom we now lament. And it seems to us that he is taken from us at a time when he is most needed, when the questions are impending that he best could grapple, when the problems are presented that he best could solve. We look around for those who shall fill his place. But there is One who doeth all tilings well. In the order of His providence, it is not permitted for any place long to remain vacant ; whomever He takes away, He raises up others to fill the void that is left. So it was with 1 - MEMORIAJ LDDBKSSES. Douglas; so il u as with Collamer j bo ii was with Foot; so ii was with Lincoln. Soil will be with ETessenden. And so, Mi. Presidenl — long distanl be the day — will il be with you and with others, our wisest and our best. Men die, but their words are lefl on record, their works remain, their ex- ample survives. He win* has made a record like thai we are now reviewing, he who has achieved a character like' thai which we uoyi hold up to the youth of America, may well say, when the supreme hour arrives — • \"ii omnia moriar; multaque para mei Vitabil Libitinam." NATHANAEL GREENE. A resolution was passed in Congress, July 2, 1864, inviting each State to furnish, for the old Hall of the House of Repre- sentatives, "two full-length marble statues of deceased per- sons who have been citizens thereof, and illustrious for their renown, or from civic or military services, such as each State shall determine to lie worthy of national commemoration." In accordance with this resolution, the General Assemhly of Rhode Island transmitted to Congress a, statue of Major- General Nathanael Greene. On the 20th of January. 1870, Mr. Anthony presented in the Senate the following letter : — State of Rhode Island, Executive Department,) Provide mi:. January ::, 1870. J Sir: In accordance with a resolution of Congress, passed July 2, L864, inviting each State to furnish, for the old Hall of the House of Representatives, " two full-length marble statues of deceased persons who have been citizens thereof, and illustrious for their renown, or from civic or military services, such as each State shall determine to In- worthy of national commemoration," the State of Rhode Island, by a vote of its General Assembly, has caused to lie made two marble statues, one of Roger Williams, the Founder of the State, the other of Major-General Nathanael Greene, a distinguished officer of the Army of the Revolution. II MEMORIAL ADDRESSES. 1 have u. >\\ the honor to inform you thai the Btatue of tiajoi i eral Nathanael G Mi ll. K. Browne, an American artist, is finish d, and has been forwarded t" w ishington and delivered to the architect of the Capitol. Willi high respect, I have the honor to remain Four ni"-t obedient Bervan) . -II II P LDELFORD. To tin I'l.-i BED] N I >■< thl Si 1 II . /■ ■ After the Letter had been read, Mr. ^nthonj addressed the Senate as follows : — Mr. President: I am charged — we are charged, mj col- Leagues of the two Houses of Congress and myself, by the Governor of the State which we represent, — \\ iili the honor- able duty of presenting to Congress, in his name and in the n; • of the i reneral Assembly and of the ; the State of Rhode [sland and Providence Plantations, a marble statue of Nathanael < rreene. This statue has been placed in the old II. ill of the II of Representatives, in pursuance of an act of Congress, by which thai beautiful chamber, itself rich in precious memo- ries, is dedicated to historic valor, to patriotism, to statesman- ship, to learning, to conspicuous excellence in all the elements thai constitute national greatness. The heroic age of our countrj is enveloped in no fable, and the historian is no a to doubtfu 5, to mar- vels and portents to add to the dignity of its origin, noi sorl to fanciful legends t<> increase the interesl of lii> narration. The stalwarl men who planted the colonies from which tin - ise have Left the authentic memorials of their principles and their actions, their trials and their tri- umphs. And the men whose valor achii independ NATHANAEL GREENE. 15 of the country, and whose wisdom founded the institutions of the great republic, are separated from us by so short a period, and one of such active historical inquiry, that their lives and characters stand before us, almost as if they had lived in our daily presence. By the act of Congress referred to, each State of the Union is invited to place in the old Hall of the House of Representa- tives the statues of two of her illustrious citizens, already consecrated by death, who flourished in any period of her his- tory. Rhode Island, whichhas the earliest responded to the invitation, has selected for this honor two of her early heroes, one from the colonial and one from the revolutionary period. The first is Roger Williams, the great Founder of the State, who first declared and maintained the principle at the founda- tion of all true civilization, SOUL liberty, the right of every man to worship God according to his own conscience, respon- sible to no human laws, restrained by no interposition of ( Ihurch or State. Of Roger Williams there exists no portrait- ure, nor, so far as I am aware, any reliable description of his person or his features. lie lives, nut in the breathing marble or upon the glowing canvas, but immortal, in the everlasting principle which he first asserted and vindicated, and which, now recognized as an essential part of human society, was then regarded as nothing better than impracticable and mis- chievous fanaticism. The State, unwilling that the great name of her Founder should be unrepresented in this solemn assemblage of fame, has decreed, in its commemoration, an ideal statue, made from such scanty materials as tradition has supplied. She could do no more, and she felt that she should do no less. In this respect, the memory of Greene is more fortunate. His statue is from authentic likenesses, and represents him \i\ MEMORIAL LDDRES8EB . •• in liis habil as be lived," and in the full prime and of bis manhood. It was executed by Henry Kirke Browne, whose name, already of high reputation, will receive fresh honors from his latest work. As a producl of American mi ii is confident]] sul mitted to the judgment of criticism. Mr. President, we have jusl passed through, m>t yet alto- gether through, the severest trial in the history of our country. The popular heart beats high with grateful admiration for valor and conduct proved in the field, for wisdom displayed in the cabinet. The country joyfully decorates her hi with her freshest laurels, and heaps upon her soldiers statesmen her selectest h >rs. W 5 tors, interpreting the will of the nation, have been prompt to render, from this chamber, our contributions to the national gratitude. And ii is right that it should be so. The Republic is stronger, as well as juster, when thus 1 ring her de- fenders, and presenting such rewards to the emulation of the rising generation. But while we render all due honor to living valor, while we proudly hand over to the Muse of History the mighty names that have illustrated ourrecent annals, it is well to freshen the recollection of those \\ hose fame she has long had in her keep- While we celebrate the praises of those who ha the country, let us not forget those without whom we should not have had ;i country to be saved ; those « ho, in the begin- . fev, in numbers, feeble in power, s<;mt "f resources, but strong in the principles which they had inherited with their 3, armed with the Btern virtues that are born of difficult] and nurtured in peril and privation, dared to defy the might of England; who trod the pathway of victory with bleeding feet, and upheld the banner of independence with hands 1 1 1:1 1 were wasted by famine. NATHANAEL GREENE. IT While the names of Vicksburg, Kurt Donelson, and Roan- oke Island, South Mountain, and Antietam, and Gettysburg, and Appomattox, should be kept fresh in the memory of the country, let nut the earlier glories of Lexington and Bunker Hill, of Princeton, and Trenton, and Stony Point, of ( uw pens and Eutaw Springs, of Saratoga and Ybrktown, be ever for- gotten; nor yet those of Chippewa, Plattsburg, and New ( Weans. Among those who, in the revolutionary period, won tiiles to the national gratitude never disavowed, he whose statue we have placed in the ( iapitol, stands, in the judgment of bis contemporaries and by the assent of history, second only to the man who towers without a peer in the annals of America. I shall not attempt an analysis <<\' Ins character, nor an enumeration of the great deeds upon which his fame securely rests ; nor shall I discuss that fertility of resources by which he supplied an arm\ from an impoverished country, without disaffecting the popidation ; that marvellous skill and conduct by which he wrung the results of victory from the very jaws of defeat, and. with inferior forces, drove and scattered before him a well-appointed, disciplined enemy. Hushed with the insolence of conquest : that self-reliance and persistence by which he refused every suggestion to abandon the southern campaign, and, from the Held of disaster, declared, " I will recover the Carolinas or perish in the attempt." How well be proved these words no idle boast, how well he kept his pledge, I do not propose to repeat. All this has been recently dune by an abler band. A literary monument, more durable than marble, and destined to a permanent place in the litera- ture of the language, has just been completed to his memory, by one who inherits his blood and his name, and whose pen is worthy of his grandfather's sword. 1^ MEMORIAL \ i' i' B I I'.in [ cannol refrain from bringing to the attention of the Senate a e passages from the eulogium pronounced upon Genera] Greene, bj Alt sandei Hamilton, before the S( of the Cincinnati, [t was expected thai Washington would be present, bul illness kepi him away; bul there were many there who bad served with the orator and with the departed chief. \" ii in -. c fitted than Hamilton to discuss the character and services of Gret ne. No audience was bet- ter fitted to judge of the justness of the estimate which he pul upon them : — I rom you who knew and loved him I fear nol the imputation "t flatter] . or enthusiasm, when 1 indulge an expei tation thai the Dame of Greene will al om n in your minds the images of whatever is noble or estimable in human aature. The fidelity of the portrait I shall draw will therefore have nothing to apprehend fr yoursen- t< in e. Bul 1 dare nol hope thai it will meel with equal ju-ti. all others; or that it will entin jof ignorance and the shaf ts of envy. Forhigh i stood in the estimation of his country, the whole extent of his worth was little known. The situ- ations in « hich he has appeared, though such as would have measured iculties and exl ol men who might justly challenge the epithet of great, were yel incompetent to the full dis- play of those various, rare and exalted endowments, with which nature only now and then decorates a favorite, as if with intention stonisb mankind. \- a man, the virtui I ire admitted; as a patriot, he holds a place in the foremost rank; at sman, he is pi oldier, he is admired. Bul in the two last characters, especially in the last bul one, his) falls far below his desert It re- quired a longer life, and -till opportunities, to have enabled him to exhibit, in full day, the vast, 1 had almost said thi powers of his mind. " The termination . i ' nwar -not too soon for his ti ■ for the welfare of his country, bul too soon for hisglorj an end to his milil in cari i r. The sudden termination of his i I NAIHAXAEL GF.EENE. 19 him off from those scenes which the progress of anew, immense, and unsettled empire could not fail to open to the complete exertion of that universal and pervading genius which qualified him not less for the senate than for the field. " In forming our estimate, nevertheless, of his character, we are not left to supposition and conjecture, we are not left to vague indications or uncertain appearances, which partiality might varnish or prejudice' disc. .lor. We have a succession of deeds, as glorious as they arc un- equivocal, to attest the greatness and perpetuate the honors of his name." ******** " He was not long there before the discerning eye of the American Fabius marked him out as the object of his confidence. "His abilities entitled him to a preeminent share in the councils of his chief. He gained it, .and he preserved it, amid all the checkered varieties of military vicissitude, and in defiance of all the intrigues of jealous and aspiring rivals. "As long as the measures which conducted us safely through the first most critical stages of the war shall be remembered with appro- bation ; as long as the enterprises of Trenton and Princeton shall be regarded as the dawnings of that bright day which afterward broke with such resplendent lustre; ;is long as the almost magic operations of the. remainder of the memorable winter, distinguished not more bj these events than by the extraordinary spectacle of a powerful army straitened within narrow limits by the phantom of a military force, and never permitted t.> transgn ss those limits with impunity, in which skill supplied the place of means, and disposition was the substitute for an army; as long, I say, as these operations shall continue to be the objects of curiosity and wonder, so long ought the name of Greene to be revered by a grateful country. "To attribute to him a portion of the praise which is due, as well to the formxtion as to the execution of the plans that effected these important ends, can be uo derogation from that wisdom and magna- nimity which knew how to select and embrace councils worthy of being pursued. " The laurels of a Henry wei'e never tarnished by the obligations he owed and acknowledged to a Sully." •Ji> MEMORIAL LDDBESS1 \ ter reviewing his service in the Jersej battles, the eulo- gisl passes to the southern campaign, where Greene, by the express selection of Washington, was placed in command :— ■■ Henceforth w< are to view hi in on ;i i v exalted eminence. He is no longer to figure in unambiguous or secondary light; In- is to - 1 1 i i n ■ forth the artificer of lii- own glor} the leader of armies and deliverer of Stales J" •••••• " Greene, without further delay, entered upon thai bus}', compli- cated, and extraordinary scene which maj trulj I" -:>i.| to forma phenomenon in war— a Bccnc which almost continually presents us, on 1 1 le hand, with \ ictories ruinous to the \ iclors; on the other, with retreats beneficial to the Viinquished; which exhibits 1 ir admiration a commander almosl constantly obliged to relinquish the field to his adversary, yel as constantly making acquisitions upon him; beaten to-day; to-niorrow, withoul a blow, compelling the conqueror to re- the verj objeel for which he had conquered, and in a manner 1,1 iK from the verj foe which lie had subdued." Speaking of the bold determination of Greene, after the battle of Guilford Court-House, to return to South Carolina, instead of going to the rescue of Virginia, threatened by a junction of ( lornwallis and Arnold, Hamilton says : — " This was one of those strokes thai denote superior genius and constitute the sublime of war. Ii \\:i~ Scipio leaving Hannibal in Ii;ih to <>\ ercoine him al ( 'arthag " The success was answerable to the judicious boldness of th< de- sign. The enemy were divested of their acquisitions in South < laro- lina and Georgia »iili ;i rapidity which, if nol ascertained, would l»' scarcely credible. In the shorl space of two months nil Iheir posts in the interior of the countrj were reduced. The perse^ erance, courage, enterprise, and resource displayed bj the American general, in the course of these events, commanded the admiration even of his enemies. In vain «;i- he defeated in one mode of obtaining his object; another nstanth substituted thai answered the end. In vain was he re- pulsed before a besieged fortress; he immediately found other means KATHANAEL GREENE. 21 of compelling its defenders to relinquish their stronghold. Where force failed, address and stratagem still won the prize." Washington measured his words with can', and was diary of praise. Tn a letter to Greene, upon his retirement from the office of Quartermaster-General, he wrote: — "You have conducted the various duties of it with capacity and diligence, entirely to my satisfaction, and as far as I have had an op- portunity of knowing, with the strictest integrity. When you were prevailed on to undertake the office in March, 1778, it was in great disorder and confusion, and by extraordinary exertions yen so arranged it a~ to enable the Army to take the field the moment it was neces- sary, ami to move with rapidity after the enemy, when they left Phila- delphia. From that period to the present time your exertions have been equally ureal. The} have appeared to me to be the result of system, and to have been well calculated to promote the interests and honor of your country. In fine, I cannot but add that the States have had in you. in my opinion, an able, upright, and diligent servant." General Greene died tit the age id' forty-four. What might the country have reasonably expected from the full life id' the man who, at so early tin age had accomplished so much ? The administrative qualities that lie manifested throughout his whole military service designated him for a great civil career, which, probably, would not have stopped short of the highest honors of the Republic. But a true life is measured by what it accomplishes, not by the time that it lingers. He lived long enough tn secure fur his name a place high on the en- during records of his country, forever in the affections of the American people. On the 8th of August, ITS'!, Congress, on the report of a committee consisting of Mr. Lee, Mr. Pettit, and Mr. Car- rington, adopted the following resolutions: — •• Resolved,Tha,i a monument be erected to the memory of Xathan- ael Greene, esq., at the seat of the Federal Government, with the following inscription : — .... MEMORIAL \ 1> l> I: I. - " S icred to the m< morj "i Nathanael Greene, esq., a n ktive of the of Rhode bland who died on the 19th of June, 1786, late m general in the service ol the United States, and commander of their Arniv in the southern department "' The United States in l I, in honor of his patriot- ism, valor, ; 1 1 » > 1 ability, h > ■! ilii- monument. ■• Resolved, Thai tin- Board "i Treasury take order for the execu- - ilution." This measure of national gratitude was not carried out. We think thai we shall not be charged with undue State pride, if we submit thai the marble which we now presenl to you is a worthy commencement of the collection which it md which is t" hand down t" the future the glories of the past, the Valhalla of Vmerica. Others will be placed by ii> side, worthy of the augusl companionship. The future citizen will walk with pal riotic awe among the effigies of his c try's grandeur, and gather inspiration, as be sur- bheir vem rated forms. States, yel i" bi admitted into the Union, will crowd yonder Hall with the statues of their founders, defenders, and benefactors, till the greal dome of bhe Capitol shall be too small to cover the silenl assembly of our immortal dead. Mr. Sumner introduced the following resolution, which, after speeches from the mover, from Mr. Sawyer of South < larolina, and IV. mii Mr. Morrill of Vermont, was unanimously adopted: Resolved, That th •.■.! in the i ; ivernor, and through him to the ] pie of the Si I -Ian. I and Providence PI mi itions, I'm- the statue "I' M ijor-General < rreene, ily i l.-iiiiii • ! with our revolutionary history ; thai this work of arl is accepted in th >l the nation and as-; II ill "fill CTouf ol Representatives, already • ir ili>- -i ttues of eminent >iii/ ins; and that a copy of this resolution, P ot the Senate and the Sp r of ill i II ius ■ of I! ipresenl itives, be transmitted t" the Governorol S of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations EQUESTRIAN STATUE OF GENERAL GREENE. On the 12th of May, 1874, Mr. Anthony introduced a con- current resolution with these remarks : — it//-. President : I offer a concurrent resolution which requires a few words of explanation. Several timely and appropriate resolutions which have been offered by my friend on my right, the chairman of the Committee on Public Build- ings and Grounds, [Mr. Moeeill of Vermont,] and the interest which the Senate has manifested in the embellish- ment of the Capitol grounds, have brought freshly to my mind a duty long neglected, towards one of the most illustrious names in American history. Mr. President, it is well on towards an hundred years since the Continental Congress decreed a statue to Nathanael Greene, whose sudden and premature death, in the fullness of his fame and in the earhy prime of his manhood, had im- pressed his countrymen with a sense of national bereavement, to which Congress hastened to give expression. I say "a st;il ue." The words of the resolution are : — " Resolved, That a monument be erected to the memory of Nathan- ael Greene, esq., at the seat of the Federal Government, with the following inscription: — " ' Sacred to the memory of Nathanael Greene, esq., a native of the State of Rhode Island, who died on the l'Jth of June, 1786, late major- general in the service of the United Stales, and commander of their Army in the southern department. -I MEMORIAL Aiiin:i;>M "'The United States in Congress assembled, in 1 ■ of his patriot- ism, valor and ability, have erected tl>i- monument.' •• Resolved, Thai the Board • •! Treasury take order for the execu- tion "I the fori going 1 1 solution." li is manifest that a statue, an equestrian statue, is so much the mosl suitable form of a monument, in Buch case, thai it iiia\ be said to be the onlj suitable one. I presume thai no other « "iilil be i hough! of. I btless, a main reason why this resolution of Congress was in. i prompt!} carried oul was thai the seal of the Federal Governmenl had nol been established. This has, long since, been ilc.nr. and Washington is fasl assuming the proportions, adopting the conveniences, and putting ..11 the adon mts thai befii the capita,] city of a v."\ ernmenl of fortj millions ..!' people. Architecture, the mosl useful of the fine arts, naturally led the way. The public buildings of Washington, completed and in process of construction, are among the finest in the world. The capitals of Europe offer nothing to surpass them ; and Athens, in the age of her puresl taste, would nol have disdained the Corinthian beaut) of ronder eastern Front, or the I >oric majest} of the Patent-! (ffice. Sculpture and paint- ing follow in natural order. Already, in the public squares, and in the circles and spaces where the greal avenues thai bear the names of the States intersect the rectangular streets, the forms of heroes and statesmen rise, like sentinels, over- looking the city and keeping perpetual watch, in marble and in bronze, over the Governmenl with whose glory their lives were identified. This edifice in which we hold our deliberations is one of the most splendid structures that the hands of man have piled upon the Bolid earth. It- adornment lias hardly begun. As EQUESTRIAN STATUE OF GEN. GREENE. 2.) the years roll on. the statues of the mighty dead \\ ill not only crowd the hall dedicated to them, but will meet the eye in the corridors and passages and wherever there is appropriate space. The walls will be covered with pictures representing the great events in American history ; and the sister arts will preserve the lineaments of the men who have made that his- tory illustrious, and will thus hold them up, silent monitors, before the eyes of those who have succeeded to their respon- sibilities. The grounds of the Capitol have just been enlarged, and measures have been taken for their proper embellishment. To this embellishment sculpture will largely contribute. There must be numerous statues at the entrances and in the grounds. Taking the long roll of those whose immortal mem- ory will claim this distinction, and hut a, moderate number el' whom can be accommodated, no one would omit the name of the second General of the Revolution, even if the place had not been dedicated to him. first of all, by resolution of Con- gress. To keep in mind thai pledge to preserve to him the place already assigned to him, and to designate its exact loca- tion, is the purpose of the resolution. The concurrent resolution was read and agreed to, as follows : — Whereas, the Continental Congress resolved, on the Sth of August. L786, that a monument be erected at the scut of the Federal Govern- ment bearing the inscription, " Sacred to the memory of Nathanael Greene, esq., a native of the State of Rhode Island, who died on the 19th of June, 1780, late major-general in the service of the United States, and commander of their Army in the southern department. The United States, in Congress assembled, in honor of his patriot- ism, valor, and ability, have erected this monument:" Therefore, Be it enacted by the Senate, (tin House of Representatives concurring,) That the Committee on Public Buildings and Grounds be instructed 26 MEMOBIA.l V DDR ESS to di ugnate upon the • apitol grounds i site i"i an equestrian statue ; \ tthanael Greene, in conformity with the foregoing resolution. The resolution was adopted, and concurred in by il • II of Representatives. At ,i subsequent period of the same Bession, an appropria- tion of fortj thousand dollars was made for the erection of an equestrian statue of General Greene on the Capitol grounds. ROGER WILLIAMS. On the 9th of January 1S72, Mr. Sprague offered a let- ter from the Governor of Rhode Island to the Vice-President of the United States, presenting to Congress a marble statue of Roger Williams, to be placed in the old Hall of the House of Representatives, in accordance with the invitation ex- tended to all the States, in the act of Congress of July 2, 1864. At the conclusion of Mr. Sprague's remarks, Mr. An- thony spoke as follows : Mr. President : I had not intended to interpose any re- marks, at this time, for although it is always an easy and a pleasant duty for a Rhode Island man to discuss the character, to recount the history, and to celebrate the praises of the great Founder of our State, I have received no intimation, from those who had charge of the subject at home, that anything from me was expected or desired. And yet, Sir, it is hardly possible for a Rhode Island Senator to remain entirely silent, when, in this high presence, the theme is Roger Williams ; and 1 am sure \ou will not deem it an intrusion or an invasion of the province of my colleague, to whose abler hands this matter has been committed, and who has so well performed the duty assigned to him, if I detain you, very briefly, before the question is put. My colleague has well said that it was a happy idea to con- vert the old Hall of the House of Representatives into the 28 MEMORIAL LDDKE8S1 Pantheon of America. The idea originated with my distin- guished friend who sits upon mj right, [Mr. Morrill, of Vermont,] then a leading member of the House, as he is now of the Senate. Ii was, indeed, a bappy idea to assemble in 1 apitol the silenl effigies of the men who have made the annals of the nation illustrious; th . overlooking our deliberations, inspiring our counsels, and animating us by their example, thej may seem to guard the greatness which th. \ [bunded or defendi d. And I clu no! deem this proceeding an idle form, bul rather ■a high ceremonial of the Republic ; and 1 anticipate, with .1 patriotic pleasure, thai ii will be repeated, from time t" time, until every Man- shall have senl her contribution to issemblage <■)' heroes and patriots ami statesmen and orators and poets and scholars and -of men who, in everj de] of greatness, have added lustre t" the Amer- ican name. An«l as often as this scene shall recur; when Virginia shall send t<> as the statue of Washington, which cannol !»• t. ften repeated in the Capitol; ami with ii thai nf Thomas Jeffers r of Patrick Henry : \\ hen North I lina shall send as Nathaniel Mi l; and South Carolina shall send as Sumter or Marion, ami Georgia shall send us bhorpe; when Kentucky shall send us Daniel Boone and lliiii\ Clay, ami Tennessee shall send as Andrew Jackson, ami Illinois shall send as Abraham Lincoln and Stephen A. las, and Missouri shall send us Thomas H. Benton; when Niw York shall send us Peter Stuyvesanf ami Alexander Hamilton; when Connecticul shall send us Roger Sherman ami Jonathan Trumbull — 1 believe thej are here already : 1 know thai thi I both is represented in this chamber bj nun coming from States 1 1 1; ■ i were nol born when the names which their Senators worthih bear were firsl made ill ustrii ROGER WILLIAMS. 29 when Vermont shall send us the stalwart form of her hero who thundered at the gates of Ticonderoga "in the name of the Continental Congress and the great Jehovah;" when New Jersey shall send us the great grandfather of the Senator who sits on the opposite side of the chamber [Mr. Stockton] and the uncle of the Senator who sits nearer me, [Mr. Fke- llnghuyssEN :] when Pennsylvania shall send us William Penn and Benjamin Franklin; and when Massachusetts, pausing in the embarrassment of her riches, looking down the lorn; list of her suns who, in arms, in arts, and in letters, in all the departments of greatness have contributed to her glory, shall, with hesitating fingers, select two to represent that glory here ; then, and on every such occasion, I trust that the spirit of party will cease, that the voice of faction will he hushed, and that we shall give an hour to the past. We shall he the wiser and better for it. In all our history mi name shines with a purer light than his whose memorial we have lately placed in the Capitol. In the history of all the world, there is a no more striking exam- ple of a man grasping a grand idea, at once, in its full propor- tions, in all its completeness, and carrying it out unfhnchinglj . to its remotest legitimate results. Roger Williams did not merely lay the foundation of relig- ious freedom ; he constructed the whole edifice, in all its im- pregnable strength, in all its imperishable beauty. Those who have followed him, in the same spirit, have not been able to add anything to the grand and simple words in which lie enunciated the principle, nor to surpass him in the exact fidel- ity with which he reduced it to the practical business of government. Religious freedom, which now, I >y general consent, underlies t he foundation principles of civilized government, was, at that 80 MEMORIAL IDDR E8SE8. time, looked upon as a wilder theorj than an) proposition, moral, political or religious, thai has since engaged the serious attention of mankind. Ii was regarded as impracticable, dis- organizing, impious, and, if no! utterly subversive of social order, ii was nol so only because ii- manifest absurdity would prevent an) serious effort to enforce it. The lightest punish- ment deemed due to its confessor was to drive hi m into the howling wilderness. Had he not met with mimic < Ihristian treatment from the savage children of the forest than he had found from " the Lord's anointed," he would have perished in the beginning of his experiment. Mr. President, tame, what we call human glory, renown, is \\nii on main Gelds, ami in man) varieties of human effort. Some clutch ii with bloody hands, amid the smoke ami thun- dei oi battle. Some woo i1 in the quiet retreats of study, till iln 'aim seclusion is broken b) the plaudits of admiring mil- lions, of ever) tongue and of everj clime. Some, in contests, which, if not bloody, are t ften bitter and vindictive, ii in the forum, amid " the applause of Listening senates," caught up and echoed back by the tumultuous cheers of popu- lar adulation. All these enjoy, while the) Live, the renown which gilds their memories will fading glory. The praise which attends them is their present reward. It stimulates them in greater exertions and sustains them in higher Bights. Ami ii i- jn-i ami right. I in ' there is a fi of another kind, that comes in another way, that c es unsought, if ii comes at all: for the first condition fur those who achieve ii is that the) shall not set b it. \\ Inn a mail, in the communion "I' Ins own conscience, following the lessons of his own convictions, determines what it i- In- 'I hi \ to do, and, in obscurit) and discouragement, with ii" companions but difficult) and peril, goes out to >l" it — ROGER WILLIAMS. 31 when such a man establishes a great principle of human con- duct, or succeeds in achieving a great, amelioration or a great benefit to the human race, without the expectation or the desire of reward, in present honor or in future renown, the fame that shines a glory around his brow is a reflection from (lie "|mre white light," in which the angels walk, around the throne of God. Such a man was Roger Williams. No thought of himself, no idea of recompense or of praise interfered to sully the perfect purity of his motives, the perfect disinterestedness of his conduct. Laboring for the highest benefit of his fellow- men, he was entirely indifferent to their praises. He knew, for God, whose prophet he was, had revealed it to him, that the great principle for which lie contended and for which he suffered, founded in the eternal fitness of things, would endure forever. He did not inquire if his name would survive a generation, in his vision of the future, he saw mankind emancipated from the thraldom of priest- craft, from the blindness of bigotry, from the cruelties of intolerance ; he saw the nations walking forth in the liberty v\ herewith Christ had made them free ; he saw no memorial of himself, in marble or in bronze, or in the general admira- tion of mankind, More than two centuries have passed since he flourished ; nearly two centuries have passed since he died, buried like Moses, for " no man knoweth of his sepulchre ;" and now the great doctrine which he taught pervades the civilized world. A grateful State sends up here the ideal image of her Founder and her Father. An appreciative nation receives it, and, through her accredited representa- tives, pledges herself to preserve it among her most precious treasures. JON \ I II W I IM Mill I.I. \\l» ROGER SHERM \V On the 8th of March, 1872, bhe Senators from Connec- ticut formally presented to Congress the si Jona- than Trumbull and Rogi Sherman, which had been placed in the old Hall of Representatives, in accordance of the same acl o I under which those of Nathanael Greene and Roger Williams had been placed there. Mr. Buckingham made the s] eech on Trumbull, Mr. Ferry thai "ii Sherman. V their request, the resolutions of acceptance were offered 03 Mr. Anthony, who spoke as t'n, lows : — I Bend to ilit- Chair two resolutions, and .i>k unanimous consenl for their present consideration. The resolutions were read, as follows: — Resolved by th - (thi ll- si of Representatives concurring,) Thai the thanks of Congress arc presented t" the Governor, and through liim i" the people of the State of Connecticut, for the oi Jonathan Trumbull and Roger Sherman, whosi names are bo honorably identified with our revolutionary history. . That these works ire accepted in the name of the nation, and assigned a place in the old Hall of the House ■•! Representati el aside, bj ai 1 -. for stal of eminent citizens, and thai :> copy of IhiB resolution, signed by the President Senate and the Speaker ot the House ot Re] sentatives, be transmitted t<> thi I Connecticut TRUMBULL and SHERMAN. 33 By unanimous consent, the Senate proceeded to consider the resolutions. Mr. Anthony. Mr. President, it is with more than common pleasure that 1 offer this resolution, which I am sure will meet with the unanimous vote of the Senate, welcoming to the Pantheon of America the statues of the two illustrious men whose lives and characters have been portrayed with such eloquent truth and fidelity by the Senators from the State which claims their glory. But not hers alone. Connecticut may indeed hold their memories in a' tenderer and more affectionate veneration; Connecticut may feel with a greater weight the obligation which their example and their characters impose ; but renown like theirs passes the boundaries of States, and, spreading from ocean to ocean, reaches as wide as the ever expanding boundaries of the Republic. Nor is it confined to the Republic, for, in all the world, wherever, constitutional freedom has gained a foot-hold, wherever in the progress of civilization, popular rights shall find recognition and protection, the names of Jonathan Trumbull and Roger Sherman will be held in honorable remembrance. They were great men at a time of great men. They towered high among their compeers, when only men of marked character rose above the surface. Mr. President, when we contemplate the revolutionary period of our history and the characters of the men who made it illustrious, we estimate, higher and higher, the great work which they accomplished and the mighty hands that performed it; and with that contemplation naturally comes a higher sense of the responsibilty which the lives and the labors of such men devolve upon those who sue- 8 I M i: MORI AL ADDRES8E8 ceed i" the inheritance \\ 1 1 i < ■ 1 1 thej achieved. Surely, it has in.t pleased the all-wise Disposer of events t<> intrust to any country a larger measure of the destinies of the Future than t<> ours, nor lias II, burdened any generation more richly with the hopes of mankind. The reverence in which we hold the memories of these nun. and of men like them, is ao imperfect test of our fidelity to their principles, of our fidelity to our own political duties and responsibilities. The resolutions were unanimously adopted. THE CHEVALIER DE TERNAY In the Senate, December 10, 1N73, Mr. Anthony intro- duced the following bill : — /;. it enacted, \ the French commanders, in consultation with ■ Washington and the chiefs of the continental armj ; nor t" the causes whicli [>ostponed the execution of these plans, and so long delayed the realization of the hopes founded on the alliance with Frai \U this is matter of history . The Chevalier dc Ternaj remained in command of the French uaval forces in America till his death, which occurred on the loth of the following December, very suddenly, at the house of Dr. William Hunter, the father of William Hunter, who was twice elected a his body, and afterwards was appointed ministi r to Brazil ; and grandfather of William Hunter, so long and honorablj connected with the Depart- ment of State. THE CHEVALIER I>E TERN AY. -u The Chevalier de Ternay was buried at Newport. With the liberality in religious matters which, from the beginning, has distinguished the people of Rhode Island, a portion of a Protestanl cemetery was set apart for his burial, and conse- crated according to the riles of the Roman Catholic Church : and in this spot, hallowed by two of the great branches of the Christian faith, the warrior who had fought for two coun- tries, and in many climes, was laid to his long repose. It was in the ground surrounding the venerable and beautiful edifice where Honeyman ministered, and where Berkeley had preached — Trinity church. The body of the dead Admiral was borne on the shoulders of the men whom he had commanded. Nine priests chanted the funeral service. The imposing ceremonial of the Roman Catholic Church, the pomp of military and naval pageantry, the sorrowing pop- ulation thai thronged around the grave of their friend and ally, made the event long remembered, as the largest and most distinguished obsequies that had ever been celebrated in that city. After the peine, i he king of France placed a memorial over the grave of the man who had borne his commission on manj seas and had served him with so great fidelity. < >n a slab of Egyptian marble, in letters of gold, an epitaph recounts his services and commemorates his virtues. The epitaph is in Latin. A translation is furnished by an accomplished scholar, Sidney Everett, in a very interesting paper read before the Historical Society at Newport, and since published in the New England Historical and Genealogical Register. It is as follows : — "Charles Louis d'Arsac de Ternay, a Knight of the Order of St. John of Jerusalem, though nol yel having taken the vows, of old and noble family of Armorican descent, one of the admirals of the royal fleets, a citizen, a soldier and a commander, deserving well of his king and ME A10R1 \ i. 1DDE1 c try for 12 years, lies under ilii- marble. Fortunate and bold, after the disaster of St. Croix in the years 1760-61, in spite of tin enemy's attacks Mini whli severe labor, he floated of! and go! away the royal ahips from the dark whirl] Is, and after 1 1 1«\ had been separated b) the tortuous windings ol the dne restored them Baf« to their stations, fn the year 1762 he invaded Newfoundland in America. In ving up hisc mand, he devoted himself wholly i" governing tin Islands ol (Trance and Bourbon during si i. n years, i" the advan- oi France, and the happiness of the Colonists. In the year 1780, being sent by his most Christian Kii hi Fedei struggling for liberty, he occupied Rhode Island. While he «;i~ pre- paring himself for nev dangers he died in tlii- city . t" the grief of lii- Irlli.u officers, and with the laments and regrets of the Federal States, eminent for e^ ery virtue and mourned by hi* friends, on the 15th Dec. 1780, aged 58. His mosl < hristian Majesty, the judge of virtue, in order thai the memory of a distinguished man should I"- i onsecrated to posterity . ordered this monuinenl to be placed here in 1783 •The following is the original in D. 0. M. ItS M On - - ! Uierosolym nondani vol n, vel drii oa orlandns, nun- i ' ]\ I-. HI b marmore i FK] l< [TEB \i II w. in. par h oni i Hiivil anfraclui - voragloibn*, el improl Inter tela hoaiium, detru anlbai suls rcstiliill Incolumcn Ann., mi TERRA* \.h HI ll Ann., itt-j. reoanciataa ph t roB, :nl rcgcRdaa bohboni \m el n^v-h hunlaa in oalli.i inin felicitatem, pei iuIl I .1 in Kin- ORD1NIB1 -. pro \ la.i.i. cmusTiANiaamo m - KII M IN-I 1 Mi IN )l i. mm >i latni die I" SbriiM.DCl I \\\. Ratal -. virluli- ju. nl ' . lilr. hoc in. mill M DCC.l WMII T H E C H E V A L IE R D E T E R > T A Y . 30 The masonry which supported this marble had crumbled, and the whole structure was falling to decay, when it attracted the notice of the Marquis de Noailles, the French minister at Washington, who immediately directed it to be repaired, and a granite slab, suitably inscribed, to be placed over it; and removed the marble, with ti^v original inscription, reno- vated and restored, to the interim- of the church, where it is to be placed in a perpendicular position, with an escutcheon, in marble, of the Knights Hospitallers of St. John of Jeru- salem. It seems manifestly improper that the country should per- mit this pious duty to be performed — I will not say by a stranger, for the kinsman of La Fayette cannot be a stranger in America — but by any individual, or by any other govern- ment. De Ternay did not, indeed, like LaFayette, inspired by the love of liberty, volunteer his maiden sword in aid of our struggling nationality ; but with willing obedience to the commands of his sovereign he brought to our assistance skill, experience, and a name renowned in war. His premature death prevented the benefits which the country expected from his services, yet those services, so long as life lasted, were appreciated by both governments. His own govern- ment honored his sepulchre, and left it in the charge of ours, on the soil which he had defended, and among the peo- ple whom he had succored. We cannot delegate that trust, or permit any but the highest authority to administer it. We must not, in the honors which we pay to the heroes of our own time, forget those whose deeds illustrate our earlier annals, lest the fame which we now celebrate may, in its turn, be put aside by that which is not brighter in lustre, but nearer to the living generation. But let us hold in equal remem- brance those who have identified their names with the glory |u M I UOBIAL A !> I' l: I - .- I ifl of the country, in whatever time they il ished, and from whatever clime thej came. And lei the coming generations be taughl thai those who contribute to the defence, the ad- vancement, the renown of the great Republic, shall never !"• forgotten, bul shall live in grateful remembrance, coeval \\ iili its "\\ a i in 1 1 1> 'i t ;i 1 life. li ma\ I"- proper, although it is not necessary, to saj thai I propose this resolution whollj without the knowled the Marquisde Noailles. I ve it- i to the Com- mittee "ii Naval Affairs. The motion was agreed to. Mr. Anthony subsequently said: li has been suggested to me, and I thuds myself it would be more gracious, it' the bill which I introduced, appropriating $800 for the repair and rvationofthe i anient ot thi < bevalier de Ternay, should be passed withoul a reference. [ am quite sure no one \\ ill object to it. The bill was reported to the Senate without amendment, ordered to be engrossed for a third reading, read the third time, and passed. The following letter upon the subject was addressed to Mr. Anthonj l>\ the Marquis de Noailles, the French Min- ister ai Washington : — Washington, D ember 20th, It M ; i dear S< nato I have read with a deep feeling of gratitude, the bill passed on il,,. [6th of December bj the Senate, concerning the sepulchral mon- ument of the Chevalier de Ternay. It anything could add to the value of such a manifestation timent,il would he the courteous manner in which this bill has been passed and adopt- ed l'\ unanimous consent. The French Government aud the French people "ill certainlj I"- extremelj sensible oi such a prool of the pious recollection which the presi nl generation pn serv< Bof what has THE C H E V A L I E K I) E IIBKAY. 41 been done in former limes, and it becomes my pleasant duty to remark that in American hearts, if I may use here a metaphor which does not seem foreign to the subject, the memory of the aid given by France to the young Republic has been more lasting than the Egyptian marble erected in the tomb of de Ternay. The assistance which your people, in their infancy, received from the old world, you have since amply repaid, by what you have done to the cause of humanity, in extending civilization and the true principles of liberty, from ocean to ocean, over the immensity of the new Amer- ican continent. So far as I am concerned, I feel it a great honor that my name should have been mentioned before so illustrious a body as the Senate of the United States. $ * # # * I remain, my dear Senator, very sincerely yours, MARQUIS DE NOAILLES. Mr. Washburne, the American Minister at Paris, communi- cated a copy of the bill, with the speech, to the Duke do ( !azas, the French Minister of Foreign Affairs, who replied in a note, of which the following' is a, translation : — Versailles, Jannary 14, 1N74. My dear Minister: — 1 thank you for your note enclosing the speech of Mr. Anthony, in support of tin appropriation for the restoration of the tomb of the Admiral d'Arsac de Ternay. who died during the war of independence. The Marquis de Noailhs hail alreadj advised me of this resolution and of the unanimous assent which it received. Demonstrations of this kind are honorable alike to those who make them and to those in whose behalf they are rendered. I deem myself fortunate in the occasion to assure you how promptly the generous sentiments expressed on the other side of the Atlantic have found an ecdio ill the hearts of the French people anil of the government The memories evoked in such felicitous terms by the Senator from Rhode Island, are equally precious In your country and to our own; and the eloquent voice which recalls to the attention of the living I_' \i 1. tlOBIAIi A nil i: i generation the achievements in which Admiral d'Araac Di Ternaj i, on i part, is heard with thi same pleasure in Paris u in Washing- ton Accept th< assui i i the high consideration with which I hav< the honor to be, ni\ dear tninisl i yoiir verj humble and obedienl servant, hit hi: CAZAS ex CL~-£-*~, CHARLES SUMNER. Charles Sumner died in Washington, March 11, 1874, after an illness of a few hours. Mr. Bout well, the surviving Senator from Massachusetts, was ill. and not able id attend in the Senate, and announce the death of his colleague, and he with the delegation from Massachusetts, in the House, requested Mr. Anthony to perform that sad duty. The Senate having been called to order. Mr. Anthony spoke as follows : — Mr. President : In the absence of the Senator to whom this saddest duty appertains, and who is detained from the Senate by illness, the surviving Senator from Massachusetts, I have been requested to make to you the formal announcement of an event which my heart refuses d> accept, and which my lips hesitate to declare. It. is an event which needs not to lie announced, for its dark shadow rests gloomily upon this chamber, and not only upon the Senate and the capital, hut upon the whole country, and the intelligence of which, borne on the mysterious wires that underlie the seas, has been already carried to the remotest lands, and has aroused pro- foundest sympathy, wherever humanity weeps for a friend, wherever liberty deplores an advocate. The oldest member of this body in continuous service, he who yesterday was the oldest, beloved for the graces and the virtues of his personal character, admired for his genius and his accomplishments, II MEMORIAL ADDRESSES. reverenced for the fidelity \\ iili which be adhered to his con- victions, illustrious for disservices to the Republic and to the world, ha d the dark river thai divides us from the ■■ undisco^ ered counl \\ ." Charles Sumner died yesterday. To-day, in humble sub- mission i" the divine will, we meel to express our reaped for his character, our veneration i "• • 1 ■ 1 1 1 — memory. To-mor- row, with solemn Bteps and with Borrowing hearts, we Bhall bear him to the Massachusetts which he served so faithfully, and which loved him so well; and to her Boil, precious with the dusl of patriotism and of valor, of letters and of art, of statesmanship and of eloquence, we shall commil the bodj of • who is worthj to resl b\ the m\ the Presidenl ol the Senate pro U mport . to lake order tor superintending the funeral of « harlee Sumner, late a member of this body, wbicli will lake- place to-morrow (Fridaj ) al half pasl twelve; and thai the Senate will attend the Bame. C II A E L B S S D M N E R . 45 Resolved, As ;i further mark of respect entertained by the Senate for the memory of Charles Sumner, ami his long and distinguished services to his country, that his remains be removed to the Common- wealth of Massachusetts, in charge of (he Sergeant-at-Arms, ami attended by a committee of seven Senators, to he appointed by the President of the Senate pro tempore, who shall have full power in carry this resolution into effect. Resolved, That as an additional mark of respect to the memory of the deceased, the Senate do now adjourn. The President pru tempore appointed the following com- mittee under tin' resolution : — Committee of Arrangements. — Messrs. Anthony, Schurz, Frelinghuysen, Morrill, of .Maine, Stevenson and Thurman. Committee /" accompany the remains, and to act as pall- bearers. — Messrs. Anthony, Schurz, Stockton, Sargent, < *gles- by, ami Mc< Ireery. < >n tin' next day. the body of Mr. Sumner, after appropri- ale and impressive funeral ceremonies, was conveyed from Washington, in a special train, in charge of the committee, and accompanied by a, committee of the House of Represent- atives and the delegation from Massachusetts, as mourners. The body was delivered to the Governor of Massachusetts, at Doric Hall in the State-house, where, besides the Governor, were the Executive Council, committees of the two houses <>i' the Legislature, the Mayor of Boston, and other official per- sonages. Arrived at the State-house, Mr. Anthony, chairman of the committee of the Senate, addressed the Governor as t'nl lows : — May it please Your Excellency: — We are commanded l>\ the Senate of the United States to render back to you your illustrious dead. Nearly a, quarter of a century ago, you dedicated to the public service a man who was, even then, 16 MEMORIAL A.DDKE88] greatlj distinguished. He remained in it, quickening patriotism, informing its counsels, and leading in its delibera- tions, until, having survived in continuous service ;ill bis original a . be has closed lii- earl I i . With reverenl hands we bring to you lii> mortal part, thai ii m:i\ be committed to the soil of the renowned Common- wealth which gave him birth. Take ii : ii i- yours. The pari which «<■ 'I" uol return to you is no! wholly yours to receive, nor altogether ours to give. Ft belongs to the country, to freedom, i" civilization, to humanity. Wi come to you with the emblems of urning, which faintly typifj the sorrovi thai dwells in the breasts which the} cover, much we mus le t" the infirmit) of human nature. Bui in the vievi of reason and philosophy, is it nol i ;i 1 1 n - 1- ;i matter of high exultation thai a life so pure in its personal qualities, so loftj in its public aims, so fortunate in the fru- ition of noble effort, has closed safely, withoul a stain, before age had impaired its intellectual vigor, before time had dimmed the lustre of it- genius? [fay it phasi ) Excellency: Our mission is accom- plished. We commil to you the body of Charles Sumner. His undying fame, the Muse of Histon has already taken into her keeping. On the 2 Vpril, L874, the following resolutions were introduced into the Senate by Mr. Boutwell, of Massachu- setts: — lived by thi S I - ill additi I mark of respect to the irj ni Charles Sumner, lon^ - ova Massachusetts, business In- n"\\ su the friends and associates ol the deceased may paj fitting tribute to his public and private virti Sen it.' communicate these olutions i" Mi. I [ou CHARLES SUMNEB. 47 The resolutions were adopted unanimously. Addresses were made by Mr. Boutwell of Massachusetts, Mr. Thurman of Ohio, Mr. Spencer of Alahama, Mr. Morrill of Vermont, Mr. Pratt of Indiana, Mr. Sargent of California, Mr. Sher- man of Ohio, Mr. Wadleigh of New Hampshire, and Mr. Anthony of Rhode Island, who made the closing speech as Follows : — Mr. /';- sident : 1 ran add nothing of narration or of eulogy to uliai has been said, and so well said. Mr. Sumner's life, his character and his services have been fittingly presented, and on both sides of the chamber. The generous voices of political opponents have followed the affectionate praises of devoted friends, and nothing remains, but to close this sad and august observance. Yet something forbids my entire silence, and impels me to interpose a lew sentences, before the subject passes from the consideration of the Senate. M\ acquaintance with Mr. Sumner commenced previous to my entrance into this body, where it ripened into a friend- ship, which will always remain among the most agreeable recollections of my public life. I remained associated with him, until every oilier seat in the chamber, except one, had changed its occupant, and eight new ones had been added. Some left us in the ordinary chances and changes of political fortunes; some were transferred to other departments of the public service ; and of these some have returned again to the Senate. Some, as Douglas, and Baker, and Collamer, and Foot, and Fessetiden, fell, like Sumner, at their posts, and like him were borne to their final repose, with all the demon- strations of public gratitude, of official respect, and of popular affection, with which a generous constituency decorates the memory of those whose lives have been spent in its service, and who have worthily worn its honors. ^ MEMORIAL IDDBESBES 1'iui Mr. Sumner's constituenc} was the Republic, widi as its farthest boundary and permeating it- utmost limits; for he was conspicuous!} the representative of a principle which, although seminal in the organization of 1 1 ± » - Government, \\a- sloV) of growth and fructified largely under his care. When the intelligence of his death followed bo close upon the firsl intimation of his danger, ii fell with an equal Bhock upon all classes of society, uj "all sorts and conditions of men ;" ii invaded, with equal sorrow, the abodes of luxurj and the col tages of the i c — /,'. nmqw turn s. The scholar closed his book and the laborer leaned upon his spade. The highest In the land mourned their peer, tin- low- liest lamented their friend. ll<>\\ well hi* life had earned this universal testh i\ of respect; hov» naturally the broad sympathy which he had manifested for the wronged and the injured of ever} condition came back to honor his memory, it is ii, ,1 m\ purpose to enlarge upon. His eulog} is hi> life : hi- epitaph is the general grief ; bis i ument, builded by hi> own hands, is the eternal statutes of freed Mi. President, when I look back over this long period, crowded with greal events, and which has witnessed the convulsion of tin' uation, tin- reorganization and reconstruc- tion of our political system ; when, in m} mind's eye, I people this chamber with those whose forms have been familiar to me, whose names, man} of them historical names, have been labelled on thesi desks, and are ti"\\ carved on the marble that covers their dust, I am filled \\ itfa a sadness inexpressible, mi full of consolation. For, musing on the transitory nature ,.l all sublunar} things, I come to perceive that their insta- bility is not in their essence, but in the forms which the} CHARLES SUMNER. 4!) assume, and in the agencies that operate upon tliem : and when I recall those whom I have seen fall around me, and whom I thought necessary to the success, almost to the preser- vation of great principles, I recall also those whom I have seen step into the vacant places, put on the armor which they wore, lift the weapons which they wielded, and march on to the consummation of the work which they inaugurated. And thus I am filled with reverent wonder at the beneficent ordering of nature, and inspired with a loftier faith in that Almighty Power, without whose guidance and direction all human effort is vain, and with whose Messing the humbles! instruments that lie selects are equal to the mightiest work that He designs. WILLIAM \. Ill ( KINGH \M. William A. Bi ■mm.iiam died al Norwich, February 5, 1-7.".. (>n the 27th of the same month, M; I rry of Connecticut introduced into tin- Senate a resolution of respect I'm- his memory. < >n this resolution Mr. Anthony spoke as follows: — U . President, "'I'll.- chamber where the good man meets his fate [a prh ilegi .1 bi yond the common walk i >r virtuous life ; quite in th a." resolution of the Senator from Connecticul bid pause in tin- pro of the closing ---ion. ih.it we may render honor to a good man: one who, in a long lit',-. crowded with active duties and largelj occupied with the rnsible control of important public affairs, did not fail in what he owed to himself ami to his fellow-men, ami who ha- left on his imnil nothing that those who ' him host ami who grieve for him most would wish to efface. There is nothing certain in life hut death. '• I •■>■ their time to fall. And flowers to uiili. r at ill.' north wind's breath, Ami -In- I.. Bet ; I. lit all, — Thou hast all seasons for thine own, <> Death!" CTfh/AuM WILLIAM A. BUCKINGHAM. 51 And when death comes early, when it crushes the bud- ding loveliness of childhood or treads upon the bloom of youth, or even when it tramples on the strength of manhood, the natural grief that we feel is aggravated, because the event is as untimely as it is severe, and we murmur that it contradicts the order of nature. But when the pale messenger lays his hand upon an accomplished life, a life that has rounded out the years which experience and inspiration assign as the desirable limit of human duration ; when these years have been occupied with usefulness, rewarded by success, and crowned with honors ; when a good man, having dis- charged the duties and fulfilled the trusts of life, lies down, calmly and peacefully, to his final repose, we may grieve, but we cannot complain. The tears of affection may not indeed be kepi back, but the voice of reason is silenced. To complain at the close of such a life is to complain that the ripened fruit drops from the overloaded bough, that the golden harvest fiends to the sickle ; it is to complain of the law of our existence, and to accuse the Creator, that In: did not make man immortal on the earth. For such a life eloquence shall lift her voice and poetry shall string her lyre. For such a man, praise, honor, imitation; hut not tears! Tears for him who has failed; tears for him who fainted on the wayside; not for him who finished the journey ; tears for him who, through his fault or his misfortune, omitted to employ the oppor- tunities that were given to him for the work that was assigned to him, not for him who died when he had accomplished that for which lie lived. We will lament, therefore, in no complaining spirit, fur the man whose memory we celebrate to-day. With .'>2 MEMORIAL A l> l> l; I - - l our grief thai be has died shall be mingled cur thank- fulness thai he has Lived The State thai he Berved so faithfully and so well, in the time of her greatest emergency, pr lly Lifts his name, and inscribes it on the roll of her li iv- informed with wise councils, which he adorned with dignity of manners and with purity of Life, bears equal testimony to liis abilities and to lii> virtues, and equal honor to his memory. L6f