Class. Book- GoipglitlJ?- COPXRIGHT DEPOSm FRASSE STEELS FRASSE-ELECTRIC AND OPEN HEARTH STEELS Established 1816 PETER A. FRASSE & CO., Inc. 417-421 CANAL STREET NEW YORK PHILADELPHIA Branches BUFFALO WORKS: HARTFORD. CONN. .pi ^^ Copyright 1917 PETER A. FRASSE & CO.. Inc. NEW YORK PHILADELPHIA BUFFALO HARTFORD AUG 20 1317 ;aA473iri9 CONTENTS Pages Frasse-Electric Steel Works Illustration — Frontispiece Offices and Warehouses Illustration— 4 Foreword 5,6 Frasse-Electric Steel Works: Introduction 7 General Information 8 Frasse-Electric Tool Steels 1 to 1 4 Frasse-Electric Alloy Tool Steels 1 6 to 1 8 High Speed Tool Steels 20, 21 Standard Classification of Extras 22 Frasse Alloy Construction Steels 24 Temper Numbers 24 Frasse-Electric Alloy Construction Steel 25 to 29 Special Analysis Steel 29 Frasse Open Hearth Alloy Construction Steel 30 to 34 Frasse Tool and Alloy Steel, Classification of Extras 35, 36 Cold Finishing 38 Price List 39,40 Heat-Treating 41 Selection of Steel for Heat-Treating 42 Guarantee of Physical Properties 43 Hardening and Tempering Colors with Centigrade and Fahren- heit Temperature Equivalents 44, 45 Machining Allowances 46 Frasse Screw Steel and Shafting 48 Hartford Turned and Polished Shafting 49 Standard Price Lists 50 to 53. 57 Standard Classification of Extras 54 to 56 Coppered Bessemer Rods 58 Cold Rolled Strip Steel 59 Classification of Extras from Stock 60 Classification of Extras from Mill 61 Polished Drill Rods 62 to 64 Shelby Seamless Steel Tube 66 to 7 1 Price List 72 to 75 Table of Inside Diameters 76 to 79 Weight in pounds per Lineal Foot 80 Tool Steel Tubing 81 , 82 Tables: Weights of Bar Steel— Per Foot 84 to 87 Decimal Equivalents of Millimeters and Fractions of Millimeters. . . 88 Temperature Equivalents, Centigrade to Fahrenheit 89 Fractional Inches into Decimals and Millimeters 90 Gauges, Comparative Table of 91 Metric Conversion Tables — Inches to Millimeters 92, 93 Index 94 to 98 Philadelphia Office and Warehouse 625 Arch St. Main Offices and Warehouse 417-421 Canal St. New York Buffalo Office and Warehouse j 50-52 Exchange St. orewoK ONE hundred years of successful business activity is the enviable record borne by the firm of Peter A. Frasse & Co., Inc. The growth of the company's business has been synonymous with the growth and development of the machine tool industry in America. Its long and successful career, devoted exclusively to the steel industry and allied lines, has been productive of much valuable and interesting data relating to steel of superior qualities. The policy of the company today, as it was in its early days, is to offer to the trade only those grades of products which will render the most efficient and maximum service obtainable. The remarkable development which has taken place in the manufacture of tool steels and alloy construction steels, produced in recent years, is strongly emphasized in the Frasse-Electric Steels, which are second to none in quality and absolute uniformity. The facilities of the company have been considerably in- creased by the addition of the new Frasse-Electric Steel Works in Hartford, Conn., which are completely equipped in every detail with modern machinery and appliances. The operation of the works is under the supervision of experienced metallurgists, and all products are subject to rigid inspection. 5 A competent Engineering Department is maintained, and is prepared to furnish expert advice and co-operate with concerns desirous of obtaining greater manufacturing effi- ciency and economy through the use of Frasse-Electric Steels. The improved faciHties enable us to furnish a complete line of Frasse Steels in the raw, semi-finished or finished state, in either large or small quantities, on short notice, thus maintaining the high standard of Frasse "Quality-Service." To those in the trade who are not yet familiar with the unusual merits and advantages possessed by the Frasse- Electric Steels in fulfilling the most exacting requirements, we ask the opportunity to demonstrate our claims, with the assurance of courteous and fair treatment at all times. Frasse-Electric Steel Works The Frasse-Electric Steel Works (at Hartford, Conn.) were built and put in operation in 1916. The selection of Hartford as the location of the Steel Works is of especial importance and great advantage to the many large manu- facturing industries of Western New England, and has the additional advantage of being within easy reach of the company's warehouses in New York, Philadelphia and Buffalo. Every modern improvement in building construction, machinery, appliances and methods of operating has been incorporated with the view of obtaining the best working conditions possible, and promoting the best interests of our present and prospective customers. With ample railroad sidings and extensive loading and unloading platforms, the works, situated close to the tracks of the New York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad, with the added convenience of a waterway within easy distance, have unexcelled shipping facilities. The equipment includes the latest improved type of fur- naces, oil and lead baths, quenching, annealing, case-harden- ing and pickling apparatus, and the most recently developed machinery for cold-drawing of steel in various forms and shapes. There is also equipment for straightening, turning, polishing, cutting and handling of its products. The com- plete equipment of the works is operated and controlled by electricity. General Information We respectfully direct our customers' attention to the following: — Terms Net cash 30 days, unless otherwise agreed. Prices Prices are subject to change without notice. Extras Extra charges for size, annealing and cutting to specified length will be made in accordance with standard lists shown in this catalague. Boxing, casing and other special packing at cost. Sales Sales and contracts of sale are accepted with the under- standing that strikes, accidents, fires and other causes beyond our control shall relieve us of prompt fulfillment of orders. Contracts All contracts must be accepted by an officer of the com- pany. Warranty We will replace any steel found defective in first hands when used for the purposes stated In customers' orders, but we do not assume liability for customers' labor or damage costs. 8 FRASSE-ELECTRIC TOOL STEELS Frasse-Electric Tool Steel The electric furnace process of manufacturing high carbon tool steel secures the highest degree of uniformity of chemical elements and physical properties. Grades A, B, C and D are electric furnace products and are the development of long and careful research, which has produced qualities most suitable for the entire range of tool steel uses, of which only a partial list can be given under each caption. The following grades of high carbon tool steel, with the exception of the octagon drill steel, unless otherwise specified, are furnished hot rolled, annealed and machine straightened. We also furnish tool steel as follows: Unannealed Bars Annealed and Turned Bars Annealed and Cold Drawn Bars Annealed, Turned and Polished Bars Billets Slabs Plates Grade A Extra Quality: Hard Temper For all tools requiring a keen cutting edge combined with great hardness, such as Bits Broaches, small Chasers Engravers' Tools Files Lathe Tools Magnets Milling Cutters Planer Tools Reamers Scrapers Screw Cutting Dies Surgical Instruments Taps Twist Drills Watchmakers' Tools Wire Drawing Dies Woodworking Chisels Woodworking Tools Etc. 10 Weld: not weldable. Forge: light cherry— 1455/1500° F.— 790/815° C. Anneal at medium cherry— 1390/1410° F.— 755/765° C. Harden: medium cherry— 1375/1435° F.— 746/780° C. Grade B Extra Quality: Medium Hard Temper This temper is most universally used for general shop requirements, and is suitable for Ball Bearings Blanking Dies Broaches Chisels Cold Cutting Dies Cups Cutter Plates Drawing Dies Flat Jacks and Forcers Gin Saws Hubs Jewelers' Arbors Knife Blades Lathe Tools Metal Working Stamps, small Milling Cutters Pivots Planer Tools Plating for Shear Blades Plating for Machine Knives Punches Reamers Rolls Screw Cutting Dies Scythe Edges Silversmiths' Dies Silver Spoon Dies Skates Swedging Rolls Taps Threading Dies Trimming Dies Twist Drills Woodworking Knives Woodworking Tools Etc. And for all dies which do not strike sudden blows. 11 Weld: weldable. Forge : light cherry- 1 475/ 1515° F.— 800/825 ° C. Anneal at medium cherry— 1390/1410° F.— 755/765° C. Harden: medium cherry— 1375/1450° F.— 746/788° C. Grade C Extra Quality : Tough Hard Temper For tools requiring a hard surface combined with tenacity, such as Beading Tools Blacksmiths' Tools Bolt Machine Dies Broaches Bush Hammers Chipping Chisels Chuck Jaws Cold Chisels, hand Cold Heading Dies Cold Saws Dies, large Forcers, large Hammer Faces Hard Hand Chisels Hot Punches Hot Sets Knife Blades Lathe Centers Mandrels Metal Marking Stamps, large Pliers Plungers Pneumatic Chisels Punches, large Reamers, large Screw Plates Scythe Edges Shear Blades Silver Spoon Dies Stamps Taps, large Tongs Trimming Dies Vise Jaws Woodworking Tools Etc. We can also furnish octagon drill steel, made of same grade and temper, suitable for rock, mining and quarry drills, etc. 12 Weld: weldable. Forge: light cherry to dark orange — 1490/1535° F. — 810/835° C. Anneal at medium cherry— 1390/1410° R— 755/765° C. Harden: medium to light cherry— 1385/1470° F.— 752/ 799° C. Grade D Extra Quality; Tough Temper A strong, tough steel for tools subjected to severe shocks, such as Blacksmiths' Tools Pinch Bars Chisels Pivot Journals Circular Wood Saws Punches, large Cold Stamping Dies Rock Drills Drop Forging Dies Sets Flatters Shear Blades, large Hammers Sledges Jaws Snaps Piercing Dies, large Springs, Etc. And for welding to large surfaces. Weld: readily. Forge: light cherry to dark orange — 1510/1555° F.— 820/845° C. Anneal at medium cherry— 1390/1410° F.— 755/765° C. Harden: light cherry- 141 0/1 490° F.— 765/810° C. 13 Grade E Kronos Extra Tool Steel wer priced but very reliable steel suitable for Axes Punches Chisels Reamers Chuck Jaws Rock Drills Cup Tools Sets Dies Sledges Edge Tools Switch Tools Hammers Taps Mill Picks Track Tools Mining Drills Etc. Weld: weldable. Forge: light cherry-1475/1515° P.— 800/825° C. Anneal at medium cherry— 1390/1410° P.— 755/765° C. Harden: medium cherry— 1375/1450° P.— 746/788° C. 14 FRASSE-ELECTRIC ALLOY TOOL STEELS 15 Frasse-Electric Alloy Tool Steel These high grade alloy tool steels have been scientifically developed with proper proportioning and careful blending of the various alloys, making them pre-eminent in meeting success- fully very severe and unusual conditions. They are the highest attainment of the steel maker's science, and for efficiency and performance they are unapproachable in the class of work for which they are especially manufactured. Grade I Extra Special : Very Hard Steel This is our very best grade of alloy tool steel and strongly recommended for tools requiring a cutting edge of par- ticularly lasting qualities, such as tools and drills for boring cylinders and cannon barrels, including Bits Milling Cutters Milling Tools Planing Tools Reamers Rifling Tools Screw Cutting Toolj Screw Taps Shaping Tools Slotting Tools Taps Turning Tools Twist Drills Etc. and for working hard materials at a moderate rate of speed. Weld: not weldable. Forge: dark to light orang^l 560, 1 740° F.— 850/950° C. Harden: light cherry to dark orang^-1 470/ 1540° F.— 800/840° C. 16 Grade H Special X Quality This is a new alloy steel especially manufactured for hard cutting tools where it is essential that no change of dimen- sions or distortion occur upon hardening Long Taps Screw Dies Milling Cutters Taps Milling Tools Thread Cutting Dies Piercing Dies Twist Drills Reamers Etc. and tools which are required to stand severe twisting strains and hold their cutting edges. Weld: not weldable. Forge: not recommended to be forged. Harden: light cherry— 1435/1470° F.— 780/800° C. Grade F Special Medium Hard Steel For tools where it is essential that no change in shape or dimensions occur during hardening, such as File Chisels Reamers Hard Screw Dies Ring Gauges Hobs Screw Plates Milling Cutters Taps Milling Tools Threading Dies Piercing Dies Twist Drills Plug Gauges Etc. 17 Weld: not weldable. Forge: only reforge when absolutely necessary at dark to medium orange-1525/1615° F.-830/880° C. Harden: light cherry-1 435/ 1470° F.-780/800° C. 18 HIGH SPEED TOOL STEELS 19 High Speed Steel Our well known Maximum and Diamond Extra brands represent the latest and highest development of high speed steels. The Maximum brand in particular has proven re- peatedly that it is the very best high speed steel to be ob- tained, and possesses special advantages in that it excels in cutting at an extremely high rate of speed. Grade M Maximum High Speed Steel For very severe requirements in rapid machining of all materials, including the hardest. The fast cutting ability of this brand is limited only to the power and capacity of the machinery of the factory. It is absolutely uniform and is especially suitable for cutting hard steel, hard grey cast- ings, hard cast iron, nickel and chrome nickel steels. Weld: not weldable. Forge: light yellow— 1850/2010° F.— 1010/1 100° C. Harden: white-2260/2340° F.— 1240/1280° C. Grade L Diamond Extra High Speed Steel For use where the product manufactured does not permit the employment of steel adapted to the highest speed work and where the cost of the steel used is an item to be taken into consideration. It is recommended for Drills Shaping Tools Cutting Tools Taps Milling Cutters Turning Tools Planing Tools Etc. Weld: not weldable. Forge: light yellow— 1850/2010° F.— 1010/1 100° C. Harden: white— 2260/2340° F.— 1240/1280° C. 20 High Speed Tool Holder Bits (Treated) These bits are made of Maximum and Diamond Extra High Speed Steel, and are furnished cut to lengths, bevelled, straight and heat-treated. Special sizes and lengths hard- ened to order on short notice. Stock Sizes on Hand Square M"x 232" long M" X 2 1^" long y/ X y long ^1^3" X 33/ long Square H''x4" long y/ \A Yi long yj' X b" long 21 High Speed Steel Standard Classification of Extras ROUNDS. SQUARES AND OCTAGONS Extra cents per lb. 5/3" to 2" base ^.e" to V^' 2H"to2H" 2 'A" to %" 2^" to 3" ly. U/' to II32' 3K8"to3H" 3 M" to 93'/' 35/8" to 4" 3h 4H"to4H" 4 4H"to5" 4k 53^^" to 5 H" 5 5^8" to 6" 5>^ 6^"to6H" 6 6^" to 7" 6h Extra cents per lb. ..2 ..3K ..6 FLATS 5/8"to2"x^^"to2".. H^xafe" H"xH" K"x^^" K"x H"to2" s^/'x M''to3" M"x^^''to 1/ M"x ^"to V M"xUi"to4" WX ^8"tO^" %"x M"tor' 3m »^e"xlK8"to4M" 3 '/8"x ^6"to H"..- .base ^"xj-s'^to iM'' ....3 40 ^"x|5^'' to5" ....2 30 w6"xj//tor' ....3 20 Vi/xl K" to 5 H" ....2 14 M"x ^"to 1" ....2 14 M"xli^" to6" ....2 8 %"x %"^o\" ....2 5 «4o"xUrto6" ....2 3 ^" to2"x2^"to4"... ....2 5 ^'' to2"x4>^"to7"... ....4 , 3m 2i^'' to3"x2^"to4"... ....2 , 3 2K''to3"x4K8"to7"... ....4 3 Intermediate sizes take next higher extra. All dimensions inclusive. Annealing 2c per lb. extra. CUTTING CHARGES 24'^ and over leper lb. 12'' to 18" 3c. per lb. 18" to 24" 2c. " " 6" to 12" 4c. « « Under 6" 8c. per lb. 22 FRASSE ALLOY CONSTRUCTION STEEL (Electric Furnace and Open Hearth) 23 Frasse Alloy Construction Steel Unless otherwise specified, our alloy construction steels, as shown on pages 25 to 34, are furnished in hot rolled machine straightened bars, all bars being machinable, i e., when the steel in its natural condition is too hard to machine without annealing, we furnish it annealed. We can also furnish it as follows: Billets Annealed or Unannealed Bars Cold Drawn and Straightened Bars Turned and Straightened Bars Turned, Straightened and Polished Bars Bars Heat-Treated to Specifications and Straightened Parts manufactured by customers from alloy construction steels will be heat-treated or case-hardened. See pages 41 to 43. Heat-treating specification blanks will be sent on request. No. 1 Temper 2 3 4 5 6 Temper Numbers Carbon Content (Case Hardening) .20% to .30% .25% to .35% .30% to .40% .35% to .45% .40% to .50% 24 Frasse-Electric Alloy Construction Steel It has been fully established during the past few years that steels produced by the electric furnace method possess a much higher degree of purity^ — mainly owing to the absence of sulphurous and oxidizing gases — than the steels manufac- tured by any other process in use to-day. The electric fur- nace process makes it possible to obtain an extremely high temperature, resulting in a more complete removal of the undesirable metalloids found in all steels, and a more perfect deoxidation on account of the neutral or reducing atmosphere. The injurious effects of phosphorus and sulphur are thus re- moved, as it practically eliminates these detrimental elements. The quality, efficiency and particularly the high degree of uniformity of the Frasse-Electric Alloy Construction Steels have received wide commercial recognition. Brand ENS— 3H (No. 1 Temper) Electric 3>2% Nickel Steel for Case-Hardening (Analysis) Carbon .17% maximum; Nickel 3.25-3.75%. For all parts which are to be wholly or partly case-hardened and which must be especially tough and uniform, such as Bolts Boxes Cam Shafts Gear Wheels Pins Steering Parts, Etc. Physical Properties Average Figures Yield Pt. Ult. Strength ■.^\" Red. Annealed after rolling 50.000 70,000 70.000 95,000 34% 27% 65% The core, after case-hardening . . . 55% 25 For Brand ENS— 3H (No. 4 Temper) Electric 3K% Nickel Steel (Analysis) Carbon .30-.40%; Nickel 3.25-3.75% Axles Gears Crank Shafts Shafts Connecting Rods Steering Levers Fittings Swivels, Etc. and for parts requiring great strength, toughness and resistance to fatigue, and high ratio of elastic limit to ultimate strength. Physical Properties Vary according to section and treatment : Tom Yield Pt. Ult. Strength El. in 2" Red. 55.000 to 165,000 90,000 to 185,000 30% to 12% 60% to 28% Brand ECNS— 3.00 /.60 (No. 1 Temper) Electric Chrome Nickel Steel for Case-Hardening (Analysis) Carbon .17% Maximum; Chromium .50-.75%; Nickel 2.75-3.25%. For parts to be wholly or partly case-hardened where very high tensile strength combined with great toughness is re- quired, such as Bolts Square Shafts Change Gear Wheels Steering Parts Live Axles Etc. Physical Properties Average Figures Yield Pt. Ult,. Strength EI. in 2" Red. Annealed after rolling The core, after case-hardening. . . . 60,000 130,000 90,000 160.000 30% 13% 60% 45% 26 Brand ECNS— 4.00/1.20 (No. \ Temper) Electric Chrome Nickel Steel for Case-Hardening. (Analysis) Carbon .17% Maximum; Chromium 1.00-1.35%; Nickel 3.75-4.25%. For the same purposes as brand ECNS 3. 00/. 60 (No. 1 Temper) but giving higher physical properties. Physical Properties Average Figures Yield Pt. Ult, Strength El. in 2" Red. Annealed after rolling The core, after case-hardening. . . . 70,000 155,000 115,000 185.000 23% 12% 55% 50% Brand ECNS— 3.00 /.80 (No. 4 Temper) Electric Chrome Nickel Steel (Analysis) Carbon .30-.40%; Chromium .65-.95%: Nickel 2.75- 3.25%. For very highly stressed parts such as Axles Steering Parts Connecting Rods Swivels Shafts Etc. and other parts subjected chiefly to bending strains and heavy shocks. Physical Properties Vary according to section and treatment from Yield Pt. Ult. Strength El. in 2" Red 60.000 to 250.000 100,000 to 270.000 25% to 10% 65% to 25% 27 Brand ECNS— 1.25 /.60 Electric Low Chrome Nickel Steel (Analysis) Carbon .10 to .50% (10 point spread required on each in- dividual order); Nickel 1.00-1.50%; Chromium .40-.70%. For parts subjected to heavy strains or constant vibration. An excellent steel for threading and machining, having a wide range of uses, some of which are Axles Nuts Shafts Bolts Pinions Spindles Chuck Jaws Pins Studs Gears Rods Valves Joints Screws Vise Jaws, Etc. Physical Properties Vary according to carbon content, section and treatment from Yield Pt. Ult. Strength El. in 2" Red. 45.000 to 180.000 80.000 to 210.000 33% to 10% 65% to 40% Brand EHCC Electric High Carbon Chromium Steel For machined parts which require hardness of a great degree and to a considerable depth, such as Balls Discs Ball Bearings Hammer Faces Ball Races Jewelers Rolls Bedding Dies Roller Bearings, Cold Rolls Etc. Weld: not weldable. Forge: lemon to light yellow— 1832/2012° F.— 1000/ 1100°C. Harden: medium cherry— 1364/1418° F.— 740/770° C. 28 Brand ESMS Electric Silico-Manganese Steel (Analysis) Carbon .65-80%, total range; Manganese .30-50%; Silicon 1.70-2.05%. Used essentially for vehicle springs. Physical Properties Vary according to section and treatment from Yield Pt. U!t. Strength El. in 1" Red. 70.000 to 190.000 100,000 to 220.000 20% to 5% 40% to 10% Brand ECSMS Electric Chrome Silico-Manganese Steel (Analysis) Carbon .35-.60%, total range; Silicon .40-.55%; Man- ganese .70-.90%; Chromium .70-1.00%. A particularly high quality of steel for vehicle springs and gears. Physical Properties Vary according to section and treatment from Yield Pt. Ult. Strength El. in r Red. 60.000 to 170.000 100,000 to 210,000 20% to 5% 50% to 25% Special Analysis Steel We are prepared to furnish electric furnace alloy construc- tion steel of any special acceptable analysis in heat lots of 1 5 tons upward. 29 Frasse Open Hearth Alloy Construction Steel Our various grades of Open Hearth Alloy Construction Steels are manufactured from carefully selected raw materials and are produced under modern and exceptional conditions of equipment. Each grade is carefully and thoroughly worked in a furnace which is under absolute heat control, and the utmost care is exercised in the rolling of the steel to eliminate all surface defects. The brands listed under this heading will give splendid results when used for the purposes for which they are in- tended. Brand ONS— 3M (No. 1 Temper) 3>^% Nickel Steel for Case-Hardening (Analysis) Carbon .12-.23%; Nickel 3.00-4.00%. For parts which are to be wholly or partly case-hard- ened and which must be especially tough and uniform, such as Bolts Gear Wheels Boxes Pins Cam Shafts Steering Parts, Etc. Physical Properties Average Figures Yield Pt. Ult. Strength El. in 2" Red. As rolled .... 40.000 85.000 80.000 135.000 33% 18% 62% The core, after caee-hardening .... 45% SCLEROSCOPE 30 Brand ONS— 33^ (No. 2 Temper) 3K% Nickel Steel (Analysis) Carbon .20-.30%; Nickel 3.00-4.00%. For Axles Gears Connecting Rods Shafts Crank Shafts Steering Levers Fittings Swivels, Etc. and all parts requiring great strength, toughness and resist- ance to fatigue, and high ratio of elastic limit to ultimate strength. This temper is widely used without heat treating. Physical Properties Vary according to section and treatment from Yield Pt. Ult. Strength El. in 2" Red. 45.000 to 125,000 85.000 to 140.000 30% to 12% 60% to 30% Brand ONS— 33^ (No. 4 Temper) 3K% Nickel Steel (Analysis) Carbon .30-.40%; Nickel 3.00-4.00%. For Axles Gears Connecting Rods Shafts Crank Shafts Steering Levers Fittings Swivels, Etc. and all parts requiring great strength, toughness and resist- ance to fatigue, and high ratio of elastic limit to ultimate strength. 31 Physical Properties Vary according to section and treatment from Yield Pt. Ult. Strength El. in 2" Red. 50,000 to 160,000 90,000 to 185.000 28% to 10% 57% to 25% 3K% Nickel Steel can be furnished in Carbon .12-.50% (10 point spread required) giving physical properties varying according to section, carbon content and treatment from Yield Pt. Ult. Strength El. in 1" Red. 40,000 to 180,000 80,000 to 200.000 35% to 8% 65% to 25% Brand OCNS 3.50/1.50 (No. 4 Temper) High Chrome Nickel Steel (Analysis) Carbon .30-.40%; Chromium 1.25-1.75%; Nickel 3.00- 4.00%. For parts requiring great strength and freedom from brittleness such as, shafts, gears and large constructional parts. Physical Properties Vary according to section and treatment from Yield Pt. Ult. Strength El. in 2" Red. 60.000 230.000 100.000 to 250.000 20% to 10% 60% to 40% 32 Brand OCNS 1.50/.60 (No. 1 Temper) Low Chrome Nickel Steel for Case-Hardening (Analysis) Carbon .12-.23%; Chromium .40-.80%; Nickel l.OO- 1.75%. For parts to be wholly or partly case-hardened, such as Ball Joints Ball Races Bearings Bolts Cams Gears Screws Socket Joints Spindles Studs Worms Etc. Physical Properties Average Figures Yield Pt. Ult. Strength El. in 2" Red. As rolled The core, after case-hardening .... 40.000 70.000 80.000 110,000 32% 20% 61% 38% SCLEB oscopE 93 Brand OCNS 1.50/.60 (No. 4 Temper) Low Chrome Nickel Steel Carbon .30-.40%; (Analysis) Chromium .40-.80%; Nickel 1.00- For parts subjected to heavy strains and constant vibra- tion; threads can be cut very smoothly and will stand an enormous amount of strain without stripping. This steel 33 has a wide range of uses, only a few of which can be enumer- ated, such as Axles Nuts Shafts Bolts Pinions Spindles Chuck Jaws Pins Studs Drop Forgings Piston Rods Valves Gears Punches Vise Jaws Joints Screws Etc. Physical Properties Vary according to section an d treatment from Yield Pt. Ult. Strength El. in 2" Red. 60,000 to 175.000 95,000 to 200,000 25% to 11% 55% to 43% 34 Frasse-Tool and Alloy Steels Classification of Extras ROUND, SQUARE, OCTAGON, HEXAGON Inches Hto2. IVs to 3. 3^ to 4. 4«^to5. SVa to 6. 6h to 7. 7h to 8. Cents per lb. .Base . 1 . 13^ . 2 . 2h . 3 . 3h Inches ^/feto H... We to ^^... 5.f6 and 113-2 . H and 93^2 Cents per lb. . H . 1 . 2 . 3 . 5 .10 .18 FLAT 3^x»^6 20 HxM 15 ^x»^ 8 Hx H 4 i^xWeto H 3 ^x 9^6 to 7 2 j^x7^to8 3 '^«xM 5 ii«X Ve 4 »/r«x ^i 3 «^,xW6to6.^ 2 »^,x>li'6to2 iM «^ex2>i to7 1 »^«x7>^to8 2 Mxs^fito ^ 2 MX v«to 5^ 1}^ >€xii/r6to2 13^ >^x2i^ to7 1 Mx7^ to8 2 «4'6X % X '//e to 8. 3^X7^6 to 8 1 7,1-6 X 32 to 8 3^x9r6to8 Kexlli to 8 Ke to 2 X 5^ to 2 ^^ to 2 x23^ to 7... 5^ to \h X 7>g to 8. iK to 2x73^ to 8.. 23^ to3x2j^ to 5.. IVa to 3x53^ to 8.. 33-^ to 4 x 31^ to 6.. 31^ to 4 X 63^ to 8.. 43^ to 5 X 43^ to 7.. 43^ to 5 X 71^ to 8.. 1 I 1 .... I 1 1 1 1 1 2 .... 2 2 5ii to6x5j^ to8 2 bVs to 7 x6i^ to 7. 6^i to 8 X 7,1^ to 8. Annealing 1 cent per lb. Annealing — Brand EHCC 2 cents per lb. Cutting Charges 24 inches and over 1.2C. per lb. 18 « to 24 inches Ic. " « 12 « " 18 " iMc. " " 6 " " 12 « 2c. « " Less than 6 inches Special price Over 1 8 feet Special price 35 Annealed Discs and Cutter Blanks Extras Base price per pound Weighing above 25 lbs. Extra .03c. 11 u (t 15 to 25 u u .05c. u a u lOto 15 " (( .06c. U li u 7Hto 10 " " .07c. u a u 5to 7n « " .08c. « (( u 3to 5 li <( .09c. K a u 2to 3 u » .lie. « a u Ito 2 " « .12c. U li u under 1 « u Die Blocks Extras Flat Base price price 25c. each per pound Weighing above 25 lbs. Extra .02c. i a « 15 to 25 <( « .03c. I u a lOto 15 li « .05c. I 11 {( 71-2 to 10 a » .07c. i a u 5 to 7,4 « « .08c. I u u 3 to 5 « « .09c. I 11 u 2 to 3 « u .lie. l u u Ito 2 a u .12c. li li u under 1 u u Flat price 2 5c. each Annealing All Sizes 1 c. Extra 36 COLD FINISHING AND HEAT-TREATING 57 Cold Finishing Our cold finishing department is completely equipped to finish bars accurately to size within a few thousandths of an inch. We are prepared to furnish any of our various brands of steel in cold drawn, or turned and polished, and straight- ened bar form. Our excellent facilities for doing this class of work, and the special methods employed to obtain close and uniform ac- curacy to size, enable our customers to order the exact size of the largest dimension of the article or part to be manu- factured, as the steel will vary so slightly from the true size. In addition to furnishing our own brands of steel cold finished, we also extend our exceptional facilities in this re- spect to the trade for converting bars supplied by them on a tonnage basis. 38 Cold Finishing Price List (subject to discount) Rounds u'' to VJ' Per Pound $0.09 1^ 3v./to3w/' 3 3'/to3i5,/ Per Pound $0,053^ Vii" to li" 073^ 05^ Yi!' to Yi 06i.; 4" to4vr6" 06 fA" to V\" 06 4i/to4'5,/ 06h ^"to i>^" Ya!' to\vil' 053i 053i b" to5We" 5 3^'' to 5154- 6" to (iVx" 63/ to 7" 07 07^ \Y2 toVv,i' 1" tor 05m 05 08h 09 Flats y^.' ?16" M' Wi,' 1'^' Wider Thickness in Inches to to to to to than K' J 2^32" 1' 1>2' 3' 3* Y%" ^rAv^' .. 20 8 18 14 12 10 10 '/{/'to S/ie".. 18 6 16 12 10 8 10 5^" to ■'Al'.. 4 14 10 10 8 10 Y2" to V^'.. 10 8 8 8 10 5^" to W,i'.. 10 8 8 8 10 %"to Wv^'.. 8 8 8 10 \" to l^e". 8 8 10 iH^'to VV^' . 8 10 l^"to VVxi'. .. 8 10 r to i^vvi'. 8 10 Squares and Hexagons Per Pound ....$0.14 12 10 ... .09 to ^ to i^/fe' to 2" Per Pound ..$0.08h .. .07m .. .07 Y^" toVvl' Vv, to 1-32 Ya" to^A" ^^s'^toUe" On inquiries mention quality of steel to be cold finished. Cold drawing and straightening Disct. Turning and straightening Disct. For cold finished tool steel, see drill rod list, pages 63 and 64. When the steel is furnished by us no charge is made for the waste ends, but the customer assumes all waste on bars or material sent to us for cold finishing , 39 Extras for Cutting to Lengths (No Extra for Lengths 5 to 24 feet) Length Rounds and Hexagons Per 100 Lbs. Squares Per 100 Lbs. Flats Per 100 Lbs. 3'' to 5iV:e" 6"tolli5,r/' 12"to23i5.r6" 24"to59'5,^e" $1.00 .50 .25 .10 $1.00 .50 .50 .25 $2.00 1.00 .50 .25 For lengths shorter than 3 inches and longer than 24 feet, special prices will be quoted. Quantity Differentials All specifications for less than 2,000 pounds of a size will be subject to the following extras, the total weight of a size ordered to determine the extra, regardless of length and regardless of the exact quantity actually shipped. Less than 2,000 pounds, but not less than 1 ,000 pounds $0. 1 5 per 1 00 pounds extra Quantities less than 1 ,000 pounds . .35 per 1 00 pounds extra Standard Sizes and Tolerances Sizes by thirty-seconds up to 1 Inch, Inclusive, and by sixteenths larger than 1 Inch, are considered standard. Cold drawn alloy steel will be furnished within .002 inch under and .002 Inch over, or a total tolerance of .004 Inch. For closer accuracy, but for a total tolerance of not less than .0015 Inch, an extra of 3^ cent per pound will be added. For closer accuracy, special prices will be quoted. 40 Heat-Treating We have unexcelled facilities for scientific and special heat- treating, enabling us to furnish our various grades of steel heat-treated to the physical properties specified — or heat- treated but soft enough to machine after heat-treating. We are prepared to execute orders promptly for heat- treating, annealing and case-hardening bars or parts for customers against their specifications. We have special facilities for annealing, and can handle bars up to 20 ft. in length. The quality of our work is assured by the employment of the most approved methods, and the fact that all work is conducted under the supervision of experienced steel experts. The most satisfactory results are obtained when we are given information in detail of the customer's requirements and we strongly urge this procedure in every instance. Heat-treatment blanks will be sent on request. 41 Selection of Steel for Heat Treatment When placing an order for steel to be heat-treated the fol- lowing points should be observed: Parts to be case-hardened should be made of steels with a low carbon content, and parts that are to be heat-treated to high physical properties should be made of steels of higher carbon content. The most satisfactory steels for case-hardening purposes and for heat-treating to high physical properties are those made by the electric furnace, crucible or open hearth pro- cesses, as these methods of manufacture insure against the injurious effects of excess phosphorus and sulphur. It is a loss of time and labor to attempt to toughen or refine suc- cessfully the core of case-hardened steel high in impurities. It is also useless to attempt to heat-treat to high physical properties steel that is high in impurities. Alloy steels as employed in preference to straight carbon steels, add to the parts to be manufactured a wider range of physical properties resultant from heat treatment. Our engineering department will be glad to aid and advise in the proper selection of steel to meet customer's requirements. 42 Guarantee of Physical Properties The extent of our guarantee of resultant physical prop- erties is limited to the restrictions placed upon us by the customer. It is quite obvious that where the purchaser specifies the chemical content, and demands that certain physical properties be obtained from its heat-treatment, we cannot absolutely guarantee to secure the desired physical characteristics, unless, in our judgment, they can be obtained by heat-treatment from the steel of the analysis specified. Our full guaranteetofurnishsteel to required physical prop- erties, is given where the customer allows us to select the steel and to prescribe its heat-treatment, and also in such instances where the customer furnishes the steel, which, in our opinion, is of suitable analysis to obtain the desired physical character- istics, and for which we are permitted to prescribe the heat- treatment. Under no circumstances can we accept specifications that include the chemical analysis of the steel, and the physical properties required, and where the heat-treatment is pre- scribed by the customer. We guarantee the hardness and physical properties of steel or parts sent to us to be case-hardened, where we have been permitted to select the steel, but in the event that the cus- tomer sends us parts to be case-hardened, made of steel purchased elsewhere, we can only extend our guarantee to meet physical specifications when complete information is furnished us regarding the analysis of the steel, and which in our judgment is considered suitable to give the physical properties desired. 43 Hardening and Tempering Colors With Centigrade and Fahrenheit Temperature Equivalents Hardening and tempering by color only, is a method that is not to be recommended on account of the uncertain results which are frequently obtained, and therefore should never be employed where the equipment includes pyrometers or other reliable temperature recording instruments. For the benefit of our customers who still rely on the color method only for hardening and tempering, the chart on page 45 was prepared. As there is a wide variation in the opinions of many author- ities regarding a definite temperature equivalent for each hardening or tempering color, this table was compiled by taking the average of ten prominent authorities. Detailed Hardening and Tempering instructions of our various brands of steel will be furnished on request. 44 Hardening and Tempering Colors WITH CENTIGRADE AND FAHRENHEIT TEMPERATURE EQUIVALENTS. Color Deg. Cent, Deg. Fahr. Color Deg. Cent. Deg. Fahr. Color Deg. Cent. Deg. Fahr. Light Straw Dark 210 220 230 240 410 428 446 464 Blood Red 610 620 630 640 1130 1148 1166 1184 1202 1220 1238 1256 1274 1292 1310 1328 1346 Light Yellow 1010 1020 1030 1040 1050 1060 1070 1080 1090 1850 1868 1886 1904 1922 1940 1958 1976 1994 2012 2030 2048 2066 2084 2102 2120 2138 2156 2174 2192 2210 2228 2246 2264 2282 2300 2318 2336 2354 2372 2390 2408 2426 2444 2462 2480 2498 2516 2534 2552 Light Brown Dark Light Purple Dark Dark Blue Light 250 260 270 482 500 518 Dark Cherry 650 660 670 680 690 700 710 720 730 740 750 760 770 780 790 800 810 820 280 290 300 536 554 572 Cream 1100 1110 1120 1130 1140 1150 1160 1170 1180 1190 310 320 330 340 350 590 608 626 644 662 Me- dium Cherry 1364 1382 1400 1418 1436 Oxide Gray Dark Red (In the Dark) 360 370 380 390 400 680 698 716 734 752 Light Cherry 1454 1472 1490 1508 White 1200 1210 1220 1230 1240 1250 1260 1270 1280 1290 410 420 430 440 450 460 470 770 788 806 824 842 860 878 Dark Orange 830 840 850 860 1526 1544 1562 1580 Me- dium Orange Light Orange 870 880 890 900 910 920 930 940 1598 1616 1634 1652 Dark Red (In Twi- light) 480 490 500 510 520 896 914 932 950 968 986 1004 1022 1040 1058 1076 Scintil- lating White 1300 1310 1320 1330 1340 1350 1360 1370 1380 1390 1400 1670 1688 1706 1724 1742 1760 1778 1796 1814 1832 Dark Red Day- light) 530 540 550 560 570 580 Lemon 950 960 970 980 990 1000 Blood Red 590 600 1094 1112 45 Machining Allowances Through repeated heatings the surface of steel is always reduced sufficiently in carbon to prevent it from properly hardening. This decarbonized surface, or skin, should always be re- moved by machining, and when ordering steel, allowances in size must be made in order to have sufficient stock to produce a tool of even percentage of carbon, from center to extreme surface points. The depth of this decarbonization varies in proportion to the sectional area of the bars, which is found to be about 4K% of the diameter or square of round and square bars, respectively. On flats the decarbonization will be found to run heavier on the edges than on the sides, because of the reduction of the bar in rolling being made on the sides rather than on the edges, in which case the 4>^% decarbonized surface holds good. For example, taking a A" x V bar: on the A" sides it would be necessary to machine off only .045'' from each side and on the edges it would be necessary to remove . 1 80'' from each edge. When removing the given allowances, it is very important that the same amount of steel is taken from each side, as in the case of a round bar, which must be accurately centered in the lathe, otherwise, in hardening, one side of the tool or part will be hard, while the other side is soft. The following table has been prepared for the convenience of our customers. TABLE OF MACHINING ALLOWANCES 1 to 3; square inches area remove lie'' on each side 3 " 7 a u a u a u 7 « 12 u a u u K"" u u 12 " 19 u a a a 5/" « a u 19 " 28 a « i( (( M." " ti u 28 « 38 u <( u u V^f « U (I 38 « 50 a « u « M"« « « 46 FRASSE SCREW STEEL AND SHAFTING HARTFORD TURNED AND POLISHED SHAFTING 47 Frasse Cold Drawn Screw Steel Our screw steel is free cutting, homogeneous, and straight, and permits accurate and rapid machining with a minimum amount of wear on tools. This steel is suitable for cutting, threading, forming, parting and general screw machine operations. The customer may select the exact size of the largest dimension of the article to be produced, as the material has only a slight variation from true size. Small and special sizes will be made where the quantity is sufficient to warrant the expenditure necessary for making the dies. Frasse Cold Drawn Shafting Sizes up to V rounds We manufacture this shafting by the most modern methods. The material is the best obtainable quality of soft steel for shafting. It is straight, accurate to size and has a very good surface finish. 48 Hartford Turned and Polished Shafting To the tirade and to manufacturers in general who desire or require the highest quality of shafting, and at prices com- paring favorably to or only slightly higher than the ordinary grades of cold drawn shafting, we direct special attention to the superior quality of Hartford Turned and Polished Shaft- ing. This shafting is manufactured of the best quality open hearth steel, and is machine turned, highly polished and straightened with great care, being given a final press straight- ening to ensure its being as straight and uniform as it is possible to make. We especially recommend the desirability of specifying Hartford Turned Shafting for all high grade requirements, as the turning process removes the outer skin of the material and eliminates all rolling stresses or internal strains and surface defects that are usually present in shafting finished by the cold drawing process. Hartford Turned Shafting is accurate to size, has a superior surface finish and possesses great strength and uniformity, due to the absence of internal strains and surface defects. We solicit inquiries or specifications from manufacturers whose requirements indicate the advisability of using the best grade of shafting obtainable. We recommend that this class of shafting be shipped boxed. 49 Cold Drawn Screw Steel STANDARD PRICE LIST AdoptedMarchI5. 1915 ROUNDS Weight Weight Size per Foot Pounds Price per Pound Size per Foot Pounds Price per Pound Vfe 0.0104 ^ \ $0.10 IVs 15.04 ^.32 .0234 , 2vr6 15.84 Vs .041 ' > .095 2K2 16.66 '.32 .0725 Iv^. 17.50 il6 .093 .075 1% 18.37 $0.05 M .166 I'^A. 19.26 5/16 .260 - .065 2m 20.16 H .375 2-^e 21.09 '46 .510 2% 22.04 V2 .666 .06 I'Vx^ 23.00 % .843 3 24.00 H 1.04 ) .0575 W. 25.00 ^'/16 1.26 3^ 26.04 M 1.50 1 3'^ 27.09 '=.16 1.757 3m 28.16 \ .055 Vs 2.04 3^/6 29.26 'M(, 2.34 3m 30.37 1 2.66 j 3^6 31.51 I'.ie 3.01 . .055 3K2 32.66 < 1^8 3.36 3«4'6 33.84 l'.,6 3.76 3^ 35.04 IM 4.16 3n^ 36.26 .0575 i'/r6 4.59 3m 37.50 U^8 5.04 1 3k 40.04 ivr6 5.50 1 3'*^ 41.34 IH 6.00 1 4 42.66 lt<6 6.51 1 4'.f6 46.76 > .06 1^ 7.04 4m 48.16 I'vrs 7.59 .0525 4^6 52.51 iM 8.16 4h 54.00 < 1^1-6 8.76 4m 60.16 .065 \y. 9.37 4'5^ 65.01 hM. 10.02 5 66.66 ^ 2 10.66 5^ 73.50 .07 2'.f6 11.34 5^6 78.84 23/8 12.04 .05 5h 80.66 1 23^e 12.76 5m 88.16 \ .0775 2m 13.50 5i5^ 94 01 2'.<6 14.26 j 6 96.00 .085 Subject to discount. 50 Cold Drawn Screw Steel STANDARD PRICE LIST Adopted March 15.1915 SQUARES Size Weight per Foot Price Size Weight per Foot Price Pounds per Pound Pounds per Pound H .053 } $0.14 \V^ 832 '^ .086 \% 8.98 1 Mi .119 .12 I'Vfe 9.68 .212 .332 } •'« 10.42 11.18 11.96 ' $0.07 Vs .478 1 .09 l-.ii 12.77 Ui .652 2 13.60 Vi .850 1 2'.16 14.39 ^ Mt 1.08 .085 2K8 15.26 % 1.33 J 2-^6 16.18 .08 1% 17.25 ''A, 1.67 IM, 18.09 M 1.91 .0775 2% 19.07 ''At 2.25 iM. 20.09 , % 2.60 ly. 21.26 ''A, 2.99 IH 23.59 1 3.40 2% 25.72 ■ .085 W. 3.85 2'^^6 29.18 \y. 4.30 3 30.61 J IVe 4.79 - .07 1M 5.31 3^6 31.94 \'A. 5.85 3m 35.92 > .09 \% 6.43 3h 41.67 \M. 7.03 4 54.40 1H 7.65 Subject to discount. Cold Drawn Screw Steel STANDARD PRICE LIST Adopted March 15. 1915 HEXAGONS Weight Price Weight Price Size per Foot Pounds per Pound Size per Foot Pounds per Pound Vs 0.04875 $0.14 1"^6 8.37 % .1075 .12 IM 9.00 .195 .29 1 •'» I'^^e 9.65 10.32 11.00 > $0.07 .43 .56 } .09 2 11.70 .73 .93 1.15 \ 2>^ 12.51 .085 2>^ 23^ 2% 13.27 14.08 14.85 \ .08 1.40 1.66 1.91 Iv. 15.80 'Vie % .0775 2% 16.58 17.50 2W6 y% 2.25 2m 18.37 15^6 2.58 2»^6 19.35 1 2.94 2^ 20.25 1^6 3.33 1 2"^6 21.25 iH 3.73 1 2m 22.25 .085 l^fe 4.15 2-^6 23.28 iM 4.60 - .07 2% 24.31 1 ^k 5.07 2^% 25.38 \% 5.57 3 26.45 W. 6.07 IH 6.62 1 3»^6 27.475 } - 1»^6 7.17 3h 28.50 1^ 7.76 J 4 Subject to discount. 52 Cold Drawn Screw Steel STANDARD PRICE LIST FLATS Inches Thickness :^ -S3 n- ox 2 1 O i O o \- O o in 1 so o 5 3^ 20 20 18 18 18 16 14 18 18 16 14 10 10 14 14 12 10 8 8 8 12 12 10 10 8 8 8 8 10 10 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 10 10 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 10 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 10 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 10 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 10 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 .. H and % '^6 to s^e Yiio^Xi 10 H 10 '/iftto ii/li % to iVii 1 to 1 7^4 1 H to 1 "/li lll^j 1 M to 1 15/i6 2 to2».i6 2i^ tol^Xt 2Hto2ii/i'6 2^^ to2i5/f'6 3'^6t0 3l5/f6 Subject to discount. 53 Standard Classification of Extras AdoptedMarchlS. 1915 Shafting — Extras on Rounds, Sizes Smaller than % Inch: List prices on sizes smaller than 3/( inch apply on screw stock quality in random mill lengths only. All other qualities or screw stock cut to accurate lengths — 15 cents per 100 pounds net extra, in addition to usual extras for accuracy, short and long lengths. Extra for Odd and Intermediate Sizes: The following sizes in rounds, hexagons, squares and flats shall be considered standard: By 64ths to 1 inch, inclusive. By 32ds — U^2 inches to l^j^2 inches, inclusive. By16ths — 2 inches to maker's limit. All odd and intermediate sizes, excepting those allowing a total tolerance of .008 inch (and such specifications shall be for not less than 2,000 pounds of a size), not less than 25 cents per 100 pounds net extra, in addition to the usual extras for accuracy, etc. Extras for Accuracy : For accuracy from exact size to .0015 inch under, sizes 3 inches diameter and smaller . . 25 cents per 1 00 pounds net. For accuracy from exact size to .001 inch under, or from exact size to not more than .001 inch either way, sizes lyi. inches diameter and smaller 50 cents per 1 00 pounds net. For accuracy within .0005 inch either way of a specified size or from exact size to .001 inch over, sizes 2 inches diam- eter and smaller $1 .00 per 100 pounds net. 54 Standard Classification of Extras Adopted March 15. 1915 Extras for Chamfering (For Screw Machine Use Only): Rounds Hexagons and Squares Per 100 Pounds Net Per 100 Pounds Net Jfe inch to ^ inch $0.13 $0.15 %inchtol%inch 10 .13 1 inch to 2 inches .065 .115 21/(q inches and larger .04 .10 These extras apply on lengths 10 feet and longer and one end bar only. For sizes smaller than % inch and shorter than 10 feet, special prices will be quoted. Extras for Special and High Carbon Open Hearth Steels: Specified Analysis — Carbon .30% and less 25c per 1 00 lbs. net. Specified Analysis — Phos. and Sul. .05% Max 25c per 100 lbs. net. Specified Analysis — Carbon .30% and less, sulphur guaranteed (under .05%)50c per 1 00 lbs. net. Specified Analysis— Carbon .3 1 % to 50 %50c per 1 00 lbs. net. Quantity Differentials : All specifications for less than 1 000 pounds of a size will be subject to the following extras, the total weight of a size ordered to determine the extra, regardless of length and re- gardless of the exact quantity actually shipped: 500 to 999 pounds $0.05 per 100 pounds net. 100 to 499 pounds 10 per 100 pounds net. Less than 1 00 pounds 20 per 1 00 pounds net. 55 Standard Classification of Extras Adopted March 15. 1915 Extras for Long and Short Lengths (Per 1 00 Pounds Net): Rounds Squares Hexagons Flats 3 inches to Scinches... $1.00 $1.00 $1.00 $2.00 6 inches to 1 1 1% inches. . . .50 .50 .50 1 .00 12 inches to 23% inches... .25 .50 .25 .50 24 inches to 59^6 inches... .10 .25 .10 .25 Lengths longer than 24 feet and less than30feet $0.50 per 100 pounds net. 30 feet and less than 35 feet 1 .00 per 1 00 pounds net. 35 feet and less than 40 feet 1 .50 per 1 00 pounds net. 40 feet and less than 45 feet 2.00 per 100 pounds net. 45 feet and longer 2.50 per 100 pounds net. Extras for long lengths apply on Rounds, Squares, Hexa- gons and Flats. Boxing and Burlaping: Boxing (minimum 50 cents) $0.20 per 1 00 pounds Burlaping (minimum 25 cents), full length 15 per 1 00 pounds Burlaping of ends only 05 per 1 00 pounds Piston Rod Steel : Uniformity to size and carefully selected surface finish — 50 cents per 100 pounds net extra, in addition to usual extras for accuracy and short and long lengths. 56 Q Z < Z D O ^ Q § Q &: D a CO i u 2 Oh z ^ S88SS888SS§S SS88S88 J so t>« r^ o-j r^ r^i iOOC30Q^O■ — r-^rNr<^-^>^ vOt^OOONOO- -<»• S^SS?28S^^S^ S^2gS^^ tnvor>>it->iQOoa^o — — r^r<^ -.5- un so so t^ oo oo r^ §^8S^g?SS^g? S^§?8S^ Tj-unvOvor».r».ooONO^oo — r-j ro CO, ^ urMr> so o omomomc>momom ^8S8^8S -«i-' — ' — r^ r.r-jr>. — vO' — voomcs oO uo ro O oO li^ ro OS ^ O Tj- OO (^ oo coTt-Tt-iTMovOvor^r^ooooo On O O ' — ' — rs r^ o uo cz) m o m o m -^ ON CO oo rvi i^ — rO'r-^'^irMnsOsOt>il>»oOoO OnOn OO — — r^ oo' oromoooromoocjir^uooo -^oorvivO' — mo\r<^oorvisDO ro uo oo O CO u^ oo o^ CO r^ cni so o -^ rac<^-^T}-irMnmvOsOt~>.t^oo oOOnOnOO-- — oo oooooooooooo fvls0O-^00(^-s0O-^00rvl\0 ?§^S8?§ c^rOTj-^Tj-ininsOsO'OrxrN. oo oo OnOnOOO g 2^S8^^S^S^?;^^ ^S5:^S§^ rocoroTj-'^mminvovOvor>. oooo oo onon oo ^ C>oomrOOoomr<^Ooou->r<^ oo m CO o oo m r<^ oo CS sO O f, o lo c> ij~\ ^ lo c> u^ o m ^ i-Pi oo — urlOOr^^cn<:^r<^^oo^rr^^o i-o ^ i-p\ ^ u^ ^ ir^ ro r^ o "^ r>^ -— ^ rsr^r^ro^'^'^iTMnunsOvd ^>. r^ oo oo oo ON ON ^ Orm sO sO sO t^ I^ t^ oo ^ ^S^S8:£^;tSP^SS2^ ■^ r<^ , — O On oo sO O r<-^ sO ON — ^ t>*. r^rvifSc^rocO-^-^-^-^irMn so nO so so ^> r>. r<. ^ C300unr<^O00mr0O00u^c<^ ^S^S^'^^ r^fNrv^^<-^(N-^r<^rO'*''<3-'<*^'^lr^ m so so so NO r*. r>* ^ 2;^ssi^^s^^^?::g: Cn t^O rnmooo fNfNr^rvlr<^rOrOrO-^-^-^'^ u-\ m so no so so t~>i in u^ o u^ cz) u^ o m rvj m t^ o CN in r^ rvirvjrsirvlrOcoroicOTi-'^'^^ u^ ir^ LPi nO nO nO nO C3«nou-\ou^OvriOmom in o in om o in — — fN csfoirn lUnODSIQ uiniuiajj 57 Coppered Bessemer Rods These rods are made of the very best grade of Bessemer steel, are accurate to size, and are copper coated to receive nickel plating. It is advisable when ordering, to specify desired size in thousandths or fractional parts of an inch. Sizes carried in stock in 6 foot lengths. Approx. Approx. Diameter Decimal Weight Elxtras Diameter Decimal Weight Extras in of an per Foot for Size in of an per Foot for Size Inches Inch (Lbs.) (Cents) Inches Inch (Lbs.) (Cents) l^ .047 .006 .05 H 9 ' .276 .281 .289 .297 .302 .206 711 .054 .007 .03K2 .223 .236 .243 We .063 .072 .010 .014 '.« .078 .015 .02 =.>6 .312 .260 .084 .019 .316 .272 '32 .094 .024 ^'.32 .323 .328 .344 .348 .359 .368 .278 .287 .316 .321 .343 .362 lu .101 .109 .118 .027 .032 .037 .01 Vs .125 .042 .132 .047 ?2 H .375 .375 u '^ .141 .053 .381 .386 .387 .397 V) .145 .056 .151 .061 ^^.64 .391 .407 % .156 .064 .397 .421 .164 .072 .404 .432 "^ .172 .079 '•^32 .406 .434 .178 .085 .413 .455 .184 .090 n^ .422 .471 % .187 .093 .433 .501 .191 .096 We .438 .510 .197 .103 .446 .531 i»^ .203 .109 ^ ".6-4 .453 .544 .209 .117 pa '^.32 .469 .585 .212 .120 "'^ .484 .627 U2 .219 .223 .230 .127 .133 .141 H .500 .667 ".Bi .516 .710 ^Mi .234 .146 'U2 .531 .756 .245 .160 ".ei .547 .800 % .250 .167 '/fe .562 .845 .03 .260 .180 H .625 1.041 "^ .266 .189 "^ .688 1.265 .272 198 1 ^ .750 1.500 1 58 Cold Rolled Strip Steel Cold rolled strip steel is used extensively with entire satisfaction in the manufacture of Sewing Machine, Cash Register, Adding and Calculating Machine, Bicycle, Motor- cycle and Automobile parts. Hardware, Stove Trimmings, Skates, and all classes of stampings or work requiring the highest finished product, uniform in quality and accurate to gauge. When ordering, or requesting quotation, kindly state fully as to width, gauge and temper desired, whether in coils or cut to length; round or sheared edges. If possible, specify thickness in thousandths of an inch, to avoid confusion or delay. When gauge number is given, we will understand it to be Birmingham or Stubs gauge. If very exact gauge is required, do not fail to mention when ordering. List of Tempers A— HARD. For flat work. B— HALF HARD. Bends fairly well across the grain. C— QUARTER HARD. Bends to the right angles across grain and fairly well with grain. D — SOFT. For ordinary bending and easy drawing. E — DEAD SOFT. For deep drawing. 59 lr^o•rMr^l^^ur\lr^Lr^^r^lr^u-^ ^ •? sOr><.oooovOt^t>^(^t>^ — oo p" , ^. w — ^— ' — — r-irvicviro-rruSuS 3 k.\2 b.. "D _Q Jg ooo O UJ X — ^^^ — r^r4rsir-i-rruSir^ ppo r-j rn lO 52 u <«• .2* 5 4J OOu-Mr^o•r^^r^Olr^li-^lr^ 4-> Du ^ OO- — rsicvioo- — — u-\v£>OI^ flj UJ i-^ V^ '— ^— ^ — -^CMC^Cviro-^'^ .^ CO < u. ■"» OJ Ms "^ 1 o° •V u-^Lnc500l^^nou^lr^u-^ jC (0 LTNoqoO'^t-^r^ — vqor>. c K * ^ ^ ^ — — r~4 r<^ -^ -<4- ■h ^ "^ ^Siqtq^^?sss2 J!^ c S^ i^\ to , — . — . — 1 — cvj ro -^ O s • .£ rip Steel 72" Long) SHIPMENT FRO FOR QUANTITY, ^i O^ 0^ ,— -0 "TMnoomoooooo D to a^o^^ •y I — ^ — c-j c2C per cut t .25 cents e Steel, and th tee exact size. o •? Ui u^ ITS C> ^ O li^ u^ u^ u^ u^ uo ■ — ^ — — — r^i rvj CO dSt ngths ( FOR RAS : t -a ^ ^ u^ uo ^ u^ u^ wo ir^ ir\ ir> S°J:5 1 vD a — O^rOrOvOOOOOO'^OOO^ X »-^ rvi v-~j CO s . for: d thinne karge 1 : Iness ol ot guai Cold Rolle In Straight Le ON OF EXTRAS WITH THE EXT •TMJ^ O O u^ O O O u^ i/^ • O 1 CO "g- - EXTRAS 3^" (.125) an Minimum cl gauge and hare work, but do n O O iTMj^ u-\ o O O •rMr^ o "0 X . — r«l f<^ r<^ r>. O --^ ro O^ r<^ r-^ — ^ ^ r4 r<^ ,11, JJ uOi u^ O O O i^ i^ >J^ O • • -< IS X — ^r^cor>.Or^- O O C) 60 Cold Rolled Strip Steel Classification of Extras for Shipment from Mill— Base Sizes 1 ^/y" and Wider x .100'' and Thicker in Coils -1 1 _c J ~0 < i CD Wider than 12" to 15" Inc. G .... '.25 .50 .60 .75 X X Extras Quoted on Application )n. . $1.00 per cwt. 2.00 " " 3.00 " " and invoiced at Wider than 9" to 12" Inc. : : :^^^^^^ : ; : ; ; han 15" quoted on applicatic m charge 50c. than 2000 lbs. il i| ^ E Si Wider than 6' to 9' Inc. • lo lo u•^ ir^ c> O c Z 1 1 iTMi-MJ-MO C5 O O "T^ C> Ci C> — >» ^ vo vo vo oq o^^ c^ o oj r^i OO • o "c ider 24" quoted on application. C. Wider t per 100 lbs. Extra will be charged — Minimt AS FOR SMALL QUANTITIES ons or more add extras only on items of less per cwt. 500 to 999 lbs. of one size " " 300 " 499 " " " " « « 200 « 299 " « " " 1 99 lbs. of one size $5.00 per cwt. one size will be accepted only at the full va i buyer from scrap loss, and short pieces left short pieces taken, add 10% to net price. 1 rO CO r<^ ro co cO cO co ro co cO r<^ ro ro Narrower than \^.2." to 1" Inc. Coils or Lengths Extra for Straightening and Cutting 24" Lengths or Longer 13 2" or Wider < g to lengths under 24" triple extras. B. Ur For Boxing or Wrapping— 15c EXTR On orders or contracts for 1 8 T 8 tons of one size $ .1( 3 « « « « 25 )f one size . 4(1 100 to Orders for less than 100 lbs. of charge for cutting to length does not reliev 18. If lengths over 36" are ordered and no Extra for All Tempers Except Hard iTMn u^ m o o C5 o o ^ i- O. ro r^i fsi CM -^ -^ "^ ^ ^ -g O g Extra for Thickness Hard Temper in Coils CQ --^ — r^i og rK CO ,^ •s c :• ^^ _c J3 C ■^ o o oo oooo '^ \ \ ' \ \ ' \ \ \ \ ' ' ' — . O O O O O O O (O o c=> o o o A. For cut 3 to less tha 1000 « 19991b if D. 61 Polished Drill Rods Recommended for small taps, reamers, punches, twist drills, dental tools, watch parts, and for all similar tools re- quiring great accuracy. Superior Brand This is our very best grade, which is made of the finest quality of high carbon tool steel. It is accurately drawn and has a splendid surface finish. Standard lengths three feet. Star Brand This brand is lower in price than the foregoing brand, but is of excellent quality, and accurately drawn. Standard lengths three feet. Stubs Brand Made of bright round carbon steel. Standard lengths three feet. Flying Scotsman High Speed Brand Furnished in round straight lengths — one meter long, — also furnished lime drawn in coils and straight lengths. 62 Polished Drill Rods PRICE LIST (Subject to Discount) Size Equiva- lent Deci- mals Superior and Star Stubs Brand F.S. High Speed Size Equiva- lent Deci- mals Superior and Star Stubs Brand F.S. High Speed $ $ $ $ $ $ 1 Min. 1.500 Per Per Per 21-64 .3281 Per Per Per 1M 1.250 Lb. Lb. Lb. P .323 Lb. Lb. Lb. 1 1.000 .316 31-32 .969 5-16 .3125 15-16 .937 0.50 N .302 29-32 .906 19-64 .2968 7-8 .875 M .2950 27-32 .844 L .290 13-16 .812 9-32 .2812 25-32 .781 ■1.65 K .281 3-4 .750 J .277 23-32 .719 I .272 11-16 .687 H .266 21-32 .656 > .55 17-64 .2656 1.75 5-8 .625 G .261 19-32 .594 F .257 9-16 .562 E .250 17-32 .531 1-4 .250 1-2 .500 D .246 31-64 .4843 C .242 .75 ' .95 15-32 .4687 ■ .60 .95 B .238 29-64 .4531 15-64 .2343 7-16 .4375 A .234 27-64 .4218 1 .227 Z .413 2 .219 13-32 .4062 7-32 .2187 Y .404 3 .212 X .397 4 .207 25-64 .3906 ■1.75 5 .204 W .386 13-64 .2031 V .377 - .75 6 .201 3-8 .375 7 .199 U .368 8 .197 23-64 .3593 9 .194 1.85 T .358 10 .191 S .348 11 .188 11-32 .3437 3-16 .1875 R .339 12 .185 Q .332 13 .182 63 Polished Drill Rods — Continued PRICE LIST (Subject to Discount) Equiva- lent Superior Stubs F.S. Equiva- lent Superior Stubs F.S. Size Deci- and Brand High Size Deci- and Brand High mals Star Speed mals Star Speed $ $ $ $ $ $ 14 15 .180 .178 }o.75 Jo. 95 h.85 5-64 47 .0781 .077 16 .175 48 .075 1.20 ■1.50 ■2.95 17 .172 49 .072 11-64 .1718 50 .069 18 .168 51 .066 < 19 .164 52 .063 20 .161 1-16 .0625 ■1.45 ■1.85 3.55 21 .157 53 .058 5-32 .1562 54 .055 22 .155 ■ .83 1.05 ■2.00 55 .050 23 24 .153 .151 3-64 56 .0468 .045 -1.80 ■2.25 4.40 25 .148 57 .042 26 .146 58 .041 ] i 27 .143 59 .040 2.10 ■2.65 5.35 9-64 .1406 60 .039 J 28 29 .139 .134 61 62 .038 .037 |2.40 koo 30 .127 63 .036 1 1 1-8 .125 64 .035 2.70 ■3.40 31 .120 65 .033 32 .115 66 .032 1 33 34 .112 .110 1-32 67 .0312 .031 b.oo 3.75 7-64 .1093 ■ .90 1.15 ■2.20 68 .030 J 35 36 .108 .106 69 70 .029 .027 \3.30 |4.05 37 .103 71 .026 38 .101 72 .024 3.60 39 .099 1 73 .023 40 .097 74 .022 3.90 41 .095 75 .020 4.05 3-32 .0937 76 .018 4.20 42 .092 ■1.05 1.35 ■2.55 77 .016 }4.50 43 .088 1-64 .0156 44 .085 78 .015 4.80 45 .081 79 .014 5.10 46 .079 80 .013 5.40 For Intermediate Sizes take next Highest List. 64 SHELBY SEAMLESS STEEL TUBE 65 Shelby Cold Drawn Seamless Steel Tube We are distributors for the states of New York, New Jersey, Connecticut, Eastern Pennsylvania, Delaware, Mary- land and Virginia of the well known Shelby Steel Tubing — long conceded to be the standard seamless steel tubing of the world. Shelby Seamless Steel Tubes are extensively used for various mechanical and engineering purposes. They are adapted to a large variety of applications and are now used in almost all classes of manufacturing industries. The material from which these tubes are made is the best that can be obtained — it machines readily and cuts free and clean. Both cold drawn and hot rolled tubes are furnished for mechanical purposes. Owing to its smooth finish and slight variation in diameter and gauge, a cold drawn steel tube can often be used to advantage and with economy in place of an article ordinarily machined from solid stock, and possesses the maximum of strength with the minimum of weight. 66 Tube Trade Customs Unless otherwise ordered, random mill lengths, 5' to 18' inclusive will be shipped. For cut, multiple or specified lengths, from T to 18' inclusive, from our warehouse stock, a cutting charge of 1 per cent, will be made. Lengths under r long, an additional charge per 100 cuts will be made. Unless otherwise specified all seamless steel tubes will be shipped "finish anneal," which is a medium temper, and can be cut or threaded, and is suitable for all purposes where strength and toughness are required. Every piece of tube is carefully tested, but it is impossible to always detect imperfections, the only guarantee that is given is to replace such goods as prove defective, and then only in case material is in lengths originally shipped. Under no circumstances is the seller responsible for any damages beyond the price of the goods. No charges for labor or expense required to repair defective goods, or occasioned by them, will be allowed. On all orders for tubing of special sizes, gauges and shapes, the privilege is reserved by us of sending 1 per cent more or less than the actual quantity specified. Claims for shortage, or deduction for erroneous charges, must be promptly presented, or will not be allowed. Claims must state order number and date of invoice and shipment. Quotations are made for immediate acceptance, and are subject to change without notice. Boxing. All freight shipments, 1 6 ga. and lighter, will be shipped boxed without imposing any boxing charge. Tubes 67 heavier than 16 ga. will be shipped bundled, unless ordered boxed, in which case an extra charge will be made. Delivery. F.O.B. Mill or our Warehouses, at our option. General Information With a view to expediting and handling orders to best advantage we respectfully call attention to the information given below. We strongly urge upon our customers the importance of giving complete information of their par- ticular requirements regarding variations, anneal, straight- ness, lengths, etc. The outside diameters of cold drawn tubes are fairly true to size and seldom vary more than from .005 to .015 of an inch from the true diameter, depending upon the size of the tube. Such variations are usually larger than the true diameter, the greater appearing only in the larger sizes. This is due to the wear of cold-drawing dies, and when order- ing tubing where outside diameter is required closer than these variations, the above facts should be considered. The inside diameters of cold drawn seamless tubes have approximately the same variation as the outside diameters; but the inside diameter is liable to be slightly smaller than the true diameter. With heavy walls the variation would be greater, and the inside diameter would probably be slightly larger or smaller than the true diameter. The variations in gauge or thickness of wall is liable to occur to greater or less degree in all seamless tubes, and is primarily due to the irregular flow of heated metal of billet when being forced over the piercing mandrel point during pierc- ing operation. The variation of flow of metal varies in dif- ferent portions of the same billet, resulting in a slightly dif- 68 ferent thickness of wall in the same billet, or different thick- nesses of wall in different billets, both treated exactly in the same manner. Every possible means are employed to reduce this variation to a minimum, as none of the subsequent opera- tions of manufacture can entirely eliminate these variations. The thickness of the wall is reduced in rolling and cold draw- ing, and the variation is reduced approximately; when the tube is finished it will have relatively the same percentage of variation as it had in the form of a pierced billet, which is comparatively very much shorter and heavier in wall than the finished tube. The amount of this variation is hard to determine, as it follows no fixed law and often does not occur at all; but many seamless tubes vary 5 per cent, from the true thickness or gauge, occasionally they vary 10 per cent, but seldom beyond that. This large variation can be de- tected by the eye, and such tubes are set aside and not finished or cold drawn. This variation of wall must be considered when ordering tubes for mechanical purposes where uni- formity of wall is essential, and the necessary allowance must be made for machining where the requirements demand it. In such cases, it is necessary that customer give the finished size of outside and inside diameter, and the mill will furnish tubes that will machine to the required sizes. The anneal or temper of seamless tubes is important and should be carefully considered by customer when ordering. All seamless tubes after being cold drawn are very hard and inclined to be brittle, and must be annealed to suit different requirements. They are furnished in three tempers: hard, medium and soft. The hard temper is used where great rigidity and stiffness are required, and where tubes are not to be bent or manipu- lated to change their form. 69 The medium temper is used where strength and toughness are required, and where only slight change of form is required. The soft temper is used where the tubes must be manipu- lated and where a decided change of form is required that demands ductile and pliable material. The straightness of seamless tubes depends somewhat on their size, thickness and temper, but it is impossible to insure an absolutely straight tube. Tubes of Special Steel High Carbon We can also furnish mechanical tubes made from .30 to .40 carbon steel, which possess special characteristics, such as higher tensile strength and elastic limit. Customers who use .30 to .40 carbon tubing expect same to take temper when heated to red heat and plunged in water or oil. While we do not guarantee that this material will temper under these conditions, many of our customers have worked it this way and found it very satisfactory. 3H% Nickel We can furnish 3^ per cent Nickel Steel Tubes with .25 Carbon which will give very much higher tensile strength and elastic limit than ordinary carbon stock. Both of the above special products can be used to ad- vantage in automobile construction where the material is required to meet special conditions. 70 Special Chrome These tubes are used extensively for roller and ball bearings. We can furnish them in any size required. We shall be pleased to submit special prices on receipt of inquiries covering specifications of size, gauge, length, etc. 7! CQ < 1 z s 5 1 cq s ss;^ 1.21 1.34 1.54 sa! s \00 5 ^^.£ Irtt^O ooo-, ^ c^ - 1 evJMTT "* 1 r gSffi o ^ cc S2g 2Ss ^ Sffi v! t^ooo; S2g )^ S.SS s.^.s «»t^.oq oq»-- 2§2 2^3 1^2 s.ss *-.s ^t-.cq ?:•? ?!S£ ^ IftsOUS 5s;t ssg 2t!?S sa : if in i/j in S^.^ t~ <0 U5 ss§ 2jqS 1^8 : 1 1 ^-f <^.«i«s ^^•: KS5 dO t~ .oq ??= 5^ : 8 S'c - co«oo ^.^^ r-r- SSi 2 ;H| --2 woo 00 ^.^M r?: Ksiq rl ; "I. Is ::". 2 2 2 S £ £"1 ^2 s'K'a" S'2'2" SSS !/r-r- I? ■ ""-i-i^l :?: s? s ^ 2S3S ?r.^ ? \^ Sgg ^ s s CO LA in 2SS 2'2'2" S : : : • "5 3^ S «" ??B csj.nin 2S^a o." «;• -/j' 2 : : i,? s§§ coinirt 2" 2* : : i i-|?l :.- sgg s s s evjinm •• : ^^§1? yeuiioi luajBA p a"! inb^ pvi com tN fN rA ooo OOO lis §5^ — (N (V Sp suon SS3UJ[ NCMN OOf <« 2S2S2 S2i^' mc;:^^ i:^:^:.^ .. ^^^^ 72 -^ ■^ vO «M sO © in so tr so OS — oo OO -» in m' r<^ -^' irt o t>: oo' O rn so' OS _ -* _ _ _ cvi rs "S CO to r^ rs) 1 © csi r- tn vO ^O rv| o « CS] t^ so ^ © ^ - sC : 1 rn en "^^ irt m so 00 ©» rsj in «; o rs " p>) rs ! a 00 00 ^ CM 00 (N sO © OS sO ■* 3 lA •^ ^, © 00 in CO ». rsi © in O : O^ Csj ^ t>. OS — ^ ^ — m t^ OS ~i o to Tt sO OS — '? ? CO m oo in TT © q c: jr M fn rn -; 00 ^ rn » od c rs :! » M m (N evj o t^ OO Irt r~ CM r-) tv ^ _ vO M o (0 a» CM « er. © On SC 1 ^ (V) m' rn Ti> in Irt « 00 © CM Irt sd OC 1 -M Irt in — t^ Tf r- Ift © o» so ■* u ^ « OS ^ © r>. CO Irt r^ © © © t^ or 2 s eg pvi rn ■^a! TT Irt to t^ © CM IT S) 1-. 1—1 . ^"T C CQ a> o O Ov A t^ — CM ~^ o Irt trt Tf Irt © o- g-5 ^ -. CM 00 ->r e CM CO CM © m C u C 1 «J rq r Irt ^ k: « -; CO 2 ;£ ^« Z Si ii i ^ "T^ m (^ M ?; §1}; fN "77 CO Irt r» CM l> ~t (^ CO r<\ ro M evj CO TT CM Irt © « © sC -* en k. H t~- r^ t-N o ■ (^ *' *!' < is O ~i. o m ^ m 00 r- -«■ © © Irt Tl> Irt O o- J 5 UJ 2 . CM O CN t> z < "i^ f<^ ■^ ^ TT NO 00 O CO 00 *i to TT CM to e> © O- sC ".1 >% Oh H D o '^ " — '^ (N CSJ CM CO e^ Tj: Irt «o t^ « a^ c i C J 00 00 00 «> m m 1^ CM in t^ 00 m r» rs) Ii •; c 'i ^-t 00 "^ "^ s S5 21;; ^ •^ o !2§§ J fN - ^ ^ _J _; — ■ e«J cvi : t^ vO ^ r^ to © OS i «^ M in i OO — Irt OS CO o t^ © O 8 S 3 UJ p>j — — -- - CM CM - (j> CO — -^ evi S o '^ CM M CM ^ Irt 1 r^ r^ — -- — -^ cvi CM e^ CO Tf Irt sd Si » 1^ V (A (A o in r- CM Irt f* I^ r^ CO Irt r« CM I 9> <^ Irt r- © *? « CM t^ to TJ. ^5 •z rvi "-' "' r -- evi (si CO CO rf Irt g *j . M Irt t* CM S- «> <^ Irt t>; © m
    »- <^ >J^ ■* o^ < ; O r<~i u~i 00 fN < • fs tN* r4 CN ro" < (/2 UJ CQ a CO tS CO T, CO .y Q ' r^j \0 »^ 00 O f ; t>« O^ — ro t-«. ' - rs rs tN f : lA t^ ^ — . ■^. < J rJ r4 (N < : S f<^ n-siA t-; o; _:_j — ^ — cN CM . f. 00 9> I .1 in ° rt fc Q cr«i ao I ■" > <« z c " S Mot) S « o ill ^^^^ s lA O^ ij^ rA tn C 1^^ ;§§: ©ooto^cncM — o Ng>^ ^Si "* ^ ^ J Z *rMOin — ininor'^ocAo^u-icsio 1 ^^.-^v^-.-^^^ c ■5 1 (5 3 Q J S t c s c 1 1 s c n s 1 § c i Q J J .2 1 Q .2 1 i s S J]l g, ,.... = > = ,- i? a a ^? :s a a X ^* d d i? i! s :s »; « s s; X CO u 111 z d d |g^§|^gS|§ — — — — (NtSfO'ir'"*- J -^oj s^, X.* ^" ;^<^ ;i^ o z § < r2 — ooNoot>.xsvoin\as^ d d ii! iJ5.2 J ^ d d — — — — CM CM fA CO :^ ::^ :^ ^ ;§^ _ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ Qu 1 SI'S d d sSI \p \S3 \13 x2 s2 Noo \a> \=o \oo M. ^V jh\ ^> _\ o\ u\ t-\ m\ t-\ ^ ^=1 voooa-o — (^-^-^mo — 111 d d gOmOOiAOOu-iu-iO — — — — tN CN en CO :^:^^:i^:^_^^^^^ 75 CQ ! Is co-o < i 3 CO CO 5 1 ^c. o 5 g 1 c vO-<*"oesj^o-^oeMO«Mr^incsjoirtoo >> § o § E ■u 1 1 s. i ^ ^ J5 \S llll^ll^lllpsSSS : & J vo "«r o evj -<3- o -^ o evj o esj r^ lA CM o in o • oa>ooLfJroeMoo«Ofo^-oofot~-f— mcMO fo, ^ t^ 04 — t^ •— r^ a> r^ o% in evj o t^ r^i r^ ■ ^ CO ^ oo r^ lA vo ■^ ^ r- ^ trt oo vo CO "s OOOOOaj0^a>0^00C000t~-;V0«£jLfJC0 i oo «£> evj -^ vo CM Oi ON oj oq oq <» oo r*. r^ vo «> in Ti; "y i. vO TT o evj -^ o -^ o evj o evj t^ lA evj o lO • • lJ-^ •<9' M o <» t^ CO -^ oo «o M oo «M to o r^ • ■ ^s J CO — t^ oi — r^ ^ r- ov 1^ OMA evj o h- • Ov OO VD CO (V4 O r^ •<3' — a> -O «M to O CO • • • cx>oqoqoqoqc»t^t-^t~>.«£>vq«^iAu-\ry ^^ J 1 — o>iAt--aiiAa»iA^-iAt^T3rO i=^ J — O^lAr-OJlAOllAt— lAt~-eMO N» OO VO esj Tf sO «M «0 ev] TT CM -^ O t^ . — oo^tD'^-coo^r^TrevjONuoioo 1 -o cS -D C 1 >> -a ^'^ J :^5^SS^^2S^§P^SSiO : : : : : ■^^Trrrcocococoesi«vj(-^j»-j^ \S Ovoo«ricof^ot~-'^ — a> ^ocococo^<-^coe^Je^l^^J^ ; i^ 7^^^^^^^^^^ ::::::: (r^cococ^Jr^^e^Je^]f— 1 — — i i- J So .^^ viJ — ^ S^ 5S ^1 o^ esj cvj cvj — ^ ^, ^ : : i 1 1 IS > 4-1 5 S r^^oo^r^o^c^otr^^Olr^o^O-^vOooo^OoOlr^r^oo■ — irs ^ — r^cs pppppppp — — —;—;— ;rvjrvj 76 CQ til CO Q Q Q 8 3 CO § c E Q 1 1 |: \^ CO CO 1 J c J J3 5.260 5.232 5.187 5.125 5.062 5.000 4.875 4.750 4.500 4250 'T si J 4.510 4.482 4.437 4.375 4.312 4 250 4.125 4.000 3.750 3.500 3.250 3.000 2.750 4 260 4.232 4.187 4.125 4.062 4.000 3.875 3.750 3.500 3.250 3.000 2.750 2 500 4.010 3.982 3.937 3.875 3.812 3.750 3.625 3.500 3.250 3.000 2.750 o i 3.760 3.732 3.687 3.625 3.562 3.500 3.375 3.250 3.000 2.750 . lA 1 CO S 3.010 2.982 2.937 2.875 2.812 2.750 2.625 2.500 2 250 2.000 1.750 8S 00 oe CM esj © s 2.760 2.732 2.687 2.625 2.562 2.500 2.375 2.250 2.000 1.750 1.500 rs; o -5 c ^1 s 1 2.635 2.607 2.562 2.500 2.437 2.375 2.250 2.125 1.875 1.625 o -^ CM OC <© in 1 CVJ (N 2.510 2.482 2.437 2.375 2.312 2.250 2.125 2.000 1.750 1.500 : J si ^ N (N 2.385 2.357 2.312 2.250 2.187 2.125 2.000 1.875 1.625 1.375 © ■<» pj 2.260 2.232 2.187 2.125 2.062 2.000 1.875 1.750 1.500 1.250 §1 2 N 2.135 2.107 2.062 2.000 1.937 1.875 1.750 1.625 1.375 1.125 J esi evj rs c oa,a;oooor^«oirtN© c irt o i oooooor^^. tfjirtco^oc J : * © Tt t-- CO 00 0( o « : 1.760 1.732 1.687 1.625 1.562 1.500 1.375 1.250 1.000 J ■1 Sk sS i 1 Illl^glP J2 o ii 11 li 1 If 1.510 1.482 1.437 1.375 1.312 1.250 1.125 1.000 .750 J |S 2? ss ^ 1 1.385 1.357 1.312 1.250 1.187 1.125 1.000 .875 .625 =^ 5 is is 11 11 1 1 — — — — (VJ CN C<^^ CA iA vO g >A o ss si CQ O ;^s 00 r^ vO ^ c^ ir^ :^ m r<- r>i c c o c OS OS oo c<> ' ' n^ ro m fN r^j fN -C C fN ? fN r^ in OC oc fN ^<^ c oc r>> r^ r>> vO NO S "" in :^ C<^ oc m fx -s 1 c m in in ^ 'f r<^ m -g OC «£ m oc «M H ^ fN V ^ CO fN rs) N ^ 1^ o .^ ? fN c rsi t^ m o \^ / Cv oc t^ UJ n o o o c Ov Ov «J UJ UJ '9 eM rvi fN fN CM •« . o ■«r r~ rvi c fN t->l ir> UJ oc m oc evj CO tN c «2 oo oo I>s t- r-N so vo K: UJ " Q ^ s c fS c fN r^ un Is UJ N'*' 9 en J vC OC m t-x Q ir> in -<:J- ^ en I evj o Tl- o fN ^ mi UJ tn c/2 f /, s o t- co 00 oc ng Q ^\ TT CM «N z 1 '"' • f-4 f* — ^- ^- '— • r^ irt QS in t-> in ^.^ ^ '^ r^4 ^ ^ 00 in m ■fr s — ■ — — — J ■ e^j IS ■^ c- OJ (= Q irt OO rf^ ;^ o c: C (= .— I .—1 — .— in r- in ON m ^> m m evj ff en oo \ao o o o- o^ O' o> oc U >- i^ -' o evj c ■^S" C fv Ci M o r- OC «i ■" OJ «^ oc oo oc t^ t^ a ^ jC t^ ir a^ m UJ CO ^ t^ ^ o oc *? r-; r- vC 1 esa c ■^ :^ '^ «; s >• ^ ^ in ^ 5: vO h TJ- ^ oo 0^ c f<" Q;^ o o o O c *"" ""1 S .a >*- ^ 2 ,. CQ & M;3 ^ oo vO 2; c^ fN '- o *:^ ' s 78 SHELBY COLD DRAWN SEAMLESS STEEL TUBES Pipe Sizes 5u a z § 1 CQ D S 1 .a z § li -rf sO ' — ri t~^ ^- ^OO C30 O r^ ^O cso f<^ oo lr^ c> u-j ^1 •jBAinbg O^ ^ LO 0^ O r<^ so O^ r:^ CO uouDHaj j ^ -f ^ J „" ;^ ^ ^^ :;^ >- ; CO Bl -^ oj t^ -* oo — u-\ ;3- vj> Nij • * ' • ^ ^ — ; r^i rvi CO ^1 CD C> i/^ C3 (O i^ "^^ C> C^ 1 — > * ^ ^ ^ ^ r^i rvj ro -rr -^ 3ZIS adid JBUIUlOfJ ;- — ^ rvj rvi c<-\ CO, "-r 1 a: M c IS 3 N 1 S 1 ^ S M S t-. crj evi ^. oj cr^ oo § J ^ S S S o CO «> oo M oq in • • • • ^ ^* ^ ^ «M r£^l£^0 1 — 1 -^ t~>, -rj- uO ' — sO O I^> t~^ ^ ^ uo MD oq o CO sO CT; CO oq in 3ZIS adid JBUlUJO|>J a. a % 1 60 c .i « s z ^ 1 ^ ^ ^* CV] «vj M (O N § 1 VO^^'^eMCOl/5l/5lrtlftO ^LftlSSoMtcooMoqin • • • • ^' ^ — — »OOt^t-5vO sOsOOsrsJC^-^OOi — sOsOvC rsl CO ''T sO OO O C<^ vO p -^^ O ^ ^ ^ r4 r<> CO §j lr^Ou-^OOc<-^pO^£^«£^^ <— ^ Ti- t~>« -^ >-Oi ' — sO O t~«» I~>. C -ru^OOOOcOvOOcOOOtr • • * ■ ^ ^ ^ — rvi rsi CO 3:3 Ou 3ZIS 3did JEUIUlOJyl — ^ — csirsico 79 O oo Qi '^. I ° UJ " CQ ^ D ^ dl CO ^ o en " a I -J > •^ '= UJ « ^ o Q s Q ^ J S3 c >- g CQ CL -J S w :: X -a c/3 -S 5 i o Q < < o z: i UJ 5 - ! : : C> r«. r<^ -*■' vO ON t-\ i i ; 0^ ^\^^ ^^4 v-f 1 : : MS 1 . . 00 000 inmrn 000 "' 1 : : 2S in— 00 S2lg CNtN(N CN -"l- in ^^ 1 : ; . : : : sbooov' cofNm - : : . — in ou^ tnNOi>. coo-o t^ooo-' v2 i>.odod OvO_' 'T in vo" r>.ocoo ^1 ; ; ; fStN ■i t>i 00 OOTTO 00 0. ■' --- \2 : ::2 S3§ {^^coV 5-3 32:3 I>nOOOO 2:32: o^'o^o 32: :s 0— ■— ^^ : :^ -.-.". 00 C , m lA vo vOvOI>i t-MOOOO 0-fAI>. ooa^o-' :^ sis °-.-. SfSS t^ • ^ - r>. 1 — -^ — rsi ^ O CO r^ r<^ ■r m' NO ^ oo ON o r-1 «^ ON r^^ ■r}- tnoN 1 — 1 — Cn] o^ CO, t^ — oo cni fsi c<^ en S r^ico -"T iOnO \* oo . — . — ir\ OnO — 1.30 1.44 1.73 ^ lO On r-> rsi «vi csi CO rvi On lO tj-OnO ^ P: r>. -^ vo oo OnO oo O '^ — ro m — t-x CO C> — TJ- oo NO CO lO NO rvi CM fs CO -"T 'fl-m - r>. rx ^> r^ oo On °.-^. Ou^ TT "^ -"T m' \00 °°.° r; vO vO ^ rx rNi On oo oo CO -^ >r> r>i oo — -f O ■^ rsi rs CO 3.60 4.03 4.90 i r<^ r<^ ro vO so vO CO ir^ (^ NO nO^>. f^O CO oo J^^^E — CN C^cvi COCO'«- ^ u~i u^ lr^ r^ t-N. ro m u^ NO 4 if CO 20 Gauge 18 " 16 " ^ 5: a a a a %: %^ S: S; % t „^ :,f :^ :f ^ -" J "73 s ^ s % ^ % i :.\ «^ ^ -^ a a « % *: * 82 TABLES OF USEFUL INFORMATION 83 Weights of Bar Steel- -Per Foot Size Round Square Octagon Size Round Square Octagon 1.6 .010 .013 .011 2 10.68 13.60 11.29 y» .042 .053 .044 ^■k 11.36 14.46 12.00 '4, .094 .119 .099 y 12.06 15.35 12.74 y^ .167 .212 .176 y^ 12.78 16.27 13.50 Vl6 .261 .333 .276 M 13.52 17.22 14.29 y% .375 .478 .397 y. 14.28 18.19 15.10 ''^6 .511 .651 .540 H 15.07 19.18 15.92 >2 .667 .850 .706 Vie 15.86 20.20 16.77 ^fe .845 1.076 .893 J2 16.69 21.25 17.64 H 1.043 1.328 1.102 ^6 17.53 22.33 18.53 •Vi-e 1.262 1.608 1.335 H 18.40 23.43 19.45 H 1.502 1.913 1.588 * '/ie 19.29 24.56 20.38 'M6 1.763 2.245 1.863 H 20.20 25.00 20.75 7,^ 2.044 2.603 2.161 'y. 21.12 26.90 22.33 ''4, 2.347 2.989 2.481 1'' 22.07 28.10 23.32 'y. 23.04 29.34 24.35 1 2.670 3.400 2.822 Ife 3.014 3.838 3.186 3 24.03 30.60 25.40 K 3.379 4.303 3.572 Vl6 25.04 31.89 26.47 ».f6 3.766 4.795 3.980 y 26.08 33.20 27.56 H 4.173 5.312 4.409 y. 27.13 34.55 28.68 % 4.600 5.857 4.861 y 28.20 35.92 29.81 % 5.049 6.428 5.335 y^ 29.30 37.31 30.97 'A, 5.518 7.026 5.832 y 30.42 38.73 32.15 M 6.008 7.650 6.350 Vfe 31.56 40.18 33.35 y. 6.520 8.301 6.890 y2 32.71 41.65 34.57 H 7.051 8.978 7.452 y. 33.90 43.14 35.81 "^6 7.604 9.682 8.036 y 35.09 44.68 37.08 M 8.178 10.41 8.640 yi. 36.31 46.24 38.38 •'4-6 8.773 11.17 9.271 H 37.56 47.82 39.69 % 9.388 11.95 9.919 1^.6 38.81 49.42 41.02 'y. 10.02 12.76 10.59 7 ' 40.(0 51.05 42 37 1 84 Weights of Bar Steel -Per Foot Size Round Square Octagon Size Round Square Octagon ^^^^ 41.40 52.71 43.75 6 96.14 122.4 101.6 lie 98.14 125.0 103.8 4 42.73 54.40 45.15 H 100.2 127.6 105.9 Vfe 44.07 56.11 46.57 M, 102.2 130.2 108.1 K 45.44 57.85 48.02 M 104.3 132.8 110.2 Vfe 46.83 59.62 49.48 Vi, 106.4 135.5 112.47 \i 48.24 61.41 50.97 % 108.5 138.2 114.7 »/i6 49.66 63.23 52.48 We 110.7 140.9 116.9 ^ 51.11 65.08 54.02 K2 112.8 143.6 119.2 W6 52.58 66.95 55.57 ^6 114.9 146.5 121.6 Vi 54.07 68.85 57.15 % 117.2 149.2 123.8 'A, 55.59 70.78 58.75 ^Vl6 119.4 152.1 126.2 % 57.12 72.73 60.37 M 121.7 154.9 128.6 "^6 58.67 74.70 62.00 'M, 123.9 157.8 131.0 M 60.25 76.71 63.67 % 126.2 160.8 133.5 "^6 61.84 78.74 65.35 'M, 128.5 163.6 135.8 K 63.46 80.81 67.07 i^-fe 65.10 82.89 68.80 7 130.9 166.6 138.3 ^6 133.2 169.6 140.8 5 66.76 85.00 70.55 H 135.6 172.6 143.3 >^6 68.44 87.14 72.33 ^6 137.9 175.6 145.7 Vs 70.14 89.30 74.12 Vi 140.4 178.7 148.3 Vl6 71.86 91.49 75.94 'As 142.8 181.8 150.8 M 73.60 93.72 77.79 Vs 145.3 184.9 153.5 •Vl6 75.37 95.96 79.65 We 147.7 188.1 156.1 H 77.15 98.23 81.53 K2 150.2 191.3 158.8 ^^6 78.95 100.5 83.42 Vs 155.2 197.7 164.2 K 80.77 102.8 85.32 H 160.3 204.2 169.5 '/Te 82.62 105.2 87.31 14 165.6 210.8 175.0 ^ 84.49 107.6 89.31 8 171.0 217.6 180.6 "^6 86.38 IIO.O 91.30 9 218.4 275.6 227.8 M 88.29 112.4 93.29 10 267.2 340.0 282.4 '^^6 90.22 114.9 95.37 11 323.0 411.2 340.6 J^ 92.17 117.4 97.44 12 384.4 489.6 405.8 '^4-6 94.14 119.9 99.52 1 85 o sOf~^O^u^ — oo-^ — t~>iCOC>vOrviON>-'^rvi-^t^Orou^oo , — 1 — r<^mc<^-^Lr^lr^so^>i^>.ooooo^o — r^^■^u-^so^Nl0^o ,— — rv)r.t>>.csooooxO' — rN'^u^vor^oo .— . — rj^Ln^o^ot^r».ooo^O'— rviro-<^u^t^ -^ON-^O^rooor<-\oOr<^t^csir^r-q\0. ' — - — r~4r^mr<^-^-^iomsOsor-^r>.oooNO' — rviro-^u^ wo o fV|u^00C>fSiOCX>Or^ior^C>c0iOQ0Ou^OiOO«J^OiAO -^C30rsir>i' — lOOv-^QOr-jvO — io0\coo0\0iororvic>0^t->.v0 ■ — r-jr^rv)com-^-^LOunLpi\0^or->iOOO^O'^'^«~^r'^ ^ — .— rsfNrMrocri'=j-'^-^irMnmvor^ooooo^o^^ , — 1 — . — r-)r^iriON.^r<^-^r^oOO-^oorsiioONr<^i^*0 fO|vooNCN)u->ONCsiuooO'^ir^oO'^-^r^'^r^roosor^ON>-nrv) . — .— — rsjrsirvicOiro,c<^-^-^-rt-u-\invOt~>.t^ooooONO r.orovooNOjmoooco — . — 1 — r!rmmvor^r^oooooN uo . — t->i ' — — 1 — 1 — fvir^»r^evicororor<-\'^-^u-\iovOsOt^t^oo ON oo t^ r^ (-<-Nt^. — ioo«^c3or.- — iooni . — - — - — rvjr~qr^ fv) LO QO Ci . — r^4 CO uo fN -^ vO OO r^rvirsitNc^jrocoiro-^ -^ lTi un lO vO >0 ONO m fvj oo CO oo r^ Ln --r ONvor^)h».-^OMnr^r^-^ON r^. — (Ooot->iU^-^rn' — ooOQOu-^r^^o^^^'=l-' — ' On — rr\-^vOoOOO-l-^sO^»«ONror^O-rj-oorNli rs^r^^r^^^^^r^^r^^^^-^^<^-<^-■^-^^r^lr^lr^ ON OO OO nO m . — f^ rO — rO -^ nO ONLOi.^t^rOONun — r^roONiOr^O"" — cOu^t^' t->iON. — rNj-^Lrit->iONC3r^<^LnoO' — looo- — -^i r^]ri On ONrvlvOOc^NOOrONOONCOONNOrsJONiorS: sor^ONOrviro^^voroooo^' — conoon — -<»-r^i r O sO - — r^ rsi I o^o^oooor>*r^t^sO^Oir^u^rJ-•rJ-^f^^<^cr^r^^1 — oo\oor<.vO rv)fv)r<^-^irMr^sOl^ooooONC'i ^N^;;^ 87 Table of Decimal Equivalents Of Millimeters and Fractions of Millimeters Inches. To7- 3 - Too ■ 4 - Too ■ 5 - Too- _6_- 100 • 8 ToTT' To7' J JL ■ 100' JJL : 100 12 - Too- ls, ■ Too ■ 14- : Too 15- : Too tVo^ -1-7- : 100 1 8_ - Too 19 - To7- 20 - Too- -2-L - lOlT- 22 - TOO"- tVo ■ 24 - Too • 25 . Too ■ 26 . Too tV^ 28 ■ Too- 29 . Too- 30 . T^ir- 3 U ■ Too 3 2_. loo ■ .00039 .00079 .00118 .00157 .00197 .00230 .00270 .00315 .00354 .00394 .00433 .00472 .00512 .00551 .00591 .00630 .00669 .00709 .00748 .00787 .00827 .00866 .00906 .00945 .00984 .01024 .01063 .01102 .01142 .01181 .01220 .01260 Inche Too ■ JL5_ - 100 " _3-6_. 100 ■ -5 7. - loff- -4 Q_ - 100 ■ j%V- 42 . Too-- tV^- _44_- 100 • -_4 5_. 100 • -4iL ■ 100 ■ T^c^ = -50_ 100 ■ — tVV = t¥^= 55 . To7- 56 . Toff- t\V = T oV '■ tV(7 = ,01299 ,01339 ,01378 ,01417 01457 ,01496 01535 ,01575 01614 ,01654 01693 ,01732 01772 01811 01850 01890 01929 01969 02008 ,02047 02087 02126 02165 02205 02244 02283 02323 02362 02402 .02441 ,02480 Inches. 65 - T0 0-- -6 6_ . 100 " fr- ToTT" .6 9_ . Too ■ ^,v- T^^ iVo- T%V- TVr •71 . 100- - TVr tV^ ff tVq- ' tVo = 85 . To(F- 86 . To (J-- T%V^ T%V- J%V- T%V- T%V .02520 .02559 .02598 .02638 .02677 .02717 .02756 .02795 .02835 .02874 .02913 .02953 .02992 .03032 .03071 .03110 .03150 .03189 .03228 .03268 .03307 .03346 .03386 .03425 .03465 .03504 .03543 .03583 .03622 .03661 .03701 Inches. fo = Too — 98 Too — J 9 = To(7 1= 2 = 3 = 4=- 5 = 6 = 7= 8 = 9 = 10 = 11 = 13 = 13 = 14 = 15 = 16 = 17= 18 = 19 = 20 = 21 — 22 23 24 = 25 =z 26=1 .03740 .03780 .03819 .03858 .03898 .03937 .07874 .11811 .15748 .19685 .23622 .27559 .31496 .35433 .39370 .43307 .47244 .51181 .55118 .59055 .62992 .66929 70866 74803 78740 .82677 .86614 .90551 94488 98425 .02362 Equiva lent Temperatures, Centigrade to Fahrenheit (Degrees Centigrade x 1.8) +32 = Degrees Fahrenheit Degrees Fahrenheit — 32 = Degrees Centigrade 1.8 Cen. Fahr. Cen. Fahr. Cen. Fahr. Cen. Fahr. Cen. Fahr. Cen. Fahr. Cen. Fahr. 100 212. 305 581. 510 950. 715 1319. 925 1697. 1135 2075. 1345 2453 105 221. 310 590. 515 959. 720 1328. 930 1706. 1140 2084. 1350 2462 110 230. 315 599. 520 968. 725 1337. 935 1715. 1145 2093. 1355 2471 115 239. 320 608. 525 977. 730 1346. 940 1724. 1150 2102. 1360 2480 120 248. 325 617. 530 986. 735 1355. 945 1733. 1155 2111. 1365 2489 125 257. 330 626. 535 995. 740 1364. 950 1742. 1160 2120. 1370 2498 130 266. 335 635. 540 1004. 745 1373. 955 1751. 1165 2129. 1375 2507 135 275. 340 644. 545 1013. 750 1382. 960 1760. 1170 2138. 1380 2516 140 284. 345 653. 550 1022. 755 1391. 965 1769. 1175 2147. 1385 2525 145 293. 350 662. 555 1031. 760 1400. 970 1778. 1180 2156. 1390 2534 150 302. 355 671. 560 1040. 765 1409. 975 1787. 1185 2165. 1395 2543 155 311. 360 680. 565 1049. 770 1418. 980 1796. 1190 2174. 1400 2552 160 320. 365 689. 570 1058. 775 1427. 985 1805. 1195 2183. 1405 2561 165 329. 370 698. 575 1067. 780 1436. 990 1814. 1200 2192. 1410 2570 170 338. 375 707. 580 1076. 785 1445. 995 1823. 1205 2201. 1415 2579 175 347. 380 716. 585 1085. 790 1454. 1000 1832. 1210 2210. 1420 2588 180 356. 385 725. 590 1094. 795 1463. 1005 1841. 1215 2219. 1425 2597 185 365. 390 734. 595 1103. 800 1472. 1010 1850. 1220 2228. 1430 2606 190 374. 395 743. 600 1112. 805 1481. 1015 1859. 1225 2237. 1435 2615 195 383. 400 752. 605 1121. 810 1490. 1020 1868. 1230 2246. 1440 2624 200 392. 405 761. 610 1130. 815 1499. 1025 1877. 1235 2255. 1445 2633 205 401. 410 770. 615 1139. 820 1508. 1030 1886. 1240 2264. 1450 2642 210 410. 415 779. 620 1148. 825 1517. 1035 1895. 1245 2273. 1455 2651 215 419. 420 788. 625 1157. 830 1526. 1040 1904. 1250 2282. 1460 2660 220 428. 425 797. 630 1166. 835 1535. 1045 1913. 1255 2291. 1465 2669 225 437. 430 806. 635 1175. 840 1544. 1050 1922. 1260 2300. 1470 2678 230 446. 435 815. 640 1184. 845 1553. 1055 1931. 1265 2309. 1475 2687 235 455. 440 824. 645 1193. 850 1562. 1060 1940. 1270 2318. 1480 2696 240 464. 445 833. 650 1202. 855 1571. 1065 1949. 1275 2327. 1485 2705 245 473. 450 842. 655 1211. 860 1580. 1070 1958. 1280 2336. 1490 2714 250 482. 455 851. 660 1220. 865 1589. 1075 1967. 1285 2345. 1495 2723 255 491. 460 860. 665 1229. 870 1598. 1080 1976. 1290 2354. 1500 2732 260 500. 465 869. 670 1238. 875 1607. 1085 1985. 1295 2363. 1505 2741 265 509. 470 878. 675 1247. 880 1616. 1090 1994. 1300 2372. 1510 2750 270 518. 475 887. 680 1256. 885 1625. 1095 2003. 1305 2381. 1515 2759 275 527. 480 896. 685 1265. 890 1634. MOO 2012. 1310 2390. 1520 2768 280 536. 485 905. 690 1274. 895 1643. 1105 2021. 1315 2399. 1525 2777 285 545. 490 914. 695 1283. 900 1652. mo 2030. 1320 2408. 1530 2786 290 554. 495 923. 700 1292. 905 1661. 1115 2039. 1325 2417. 1535 2795 295 563. 500 932. 705 1301. 910 1670. 1120 2048. 1330 2426. 1540 2804 300 572. 505 941. 710 1310. 915 1679. 1125 2057. 1335 2435. 1545 2813 920 1688. 1130 2066. 1340 2444. 1550 2822 89 Fractional Inches into Decimals and Millimeters Inch Decimal Inch Millimeter Inch Decimal Inch Millimeter '-32 0.015625 0.03125 0.046875 0.3968 0.7937 1.1906 ^'-64 '^2 ^^.64 0.515625 0.53125 0.546875 13.0966 13.4934 13.8903 '.6 '32 0.0625 0.078125 0.09375 0.109375 1.5874 1.9843 2.3812 2.7780 '.16 ''-3-2 ^?64 0.5625 0.578125 0.59375 0.609375 14.2872 14.6841 15.0809 15.4778 J 8 0.125 3.1749 H 0.625 15.8747 '64 "■64 0.140625 0.15625 0.171875 3.5718 3.9686 4.3655 ^'3-2 ^^-6-4 0.640625 0.65625 0.671875 16.2715 16.6684 17.0653 0.1875 0.203125 0.21875 0.234375 4.7624 5.1592 5.5561 5.9530 "-fe "6-4 'Ik 0.6875 0.703125 0.71875 0.734375 17.4621 17.8590 18.2559 18.6527 H 0.25 6.3498 M 0.75 19.0496 ^64 '^64 0.265625 0.28125 0.296875 6.7467 7.1436 7.5404 0.765625 0.78125 0.796875 19.4465 19.8433 20.2402 '•-64 "-6i 0.3125 0.328125 0.34375 0.359375 7.9373 8.3342 8.7310 9.1279 ".16 = ^.64 ".32 ".6-4 0.8125 0.828125 0.84375 0.859375 20.6371 21.0339 21.4308 21.8277 ?8 0.375 9.5248 K 0.875 22.2245 "64 "-64 0.390625 0.40625 0.421875 9.9216 10.3185 10.7154 29 3', ''1 0.890625 0.90625 0.921875 22.6214 23.0183 23.4151 We "-6-4 '=32 0.4375 0.453125 0.46875 0.484375 11.1122 11.5091 11.9060 12.3029 '\k ^•.32 «'-6-4 0.9375 0.953125 0.96875 0.984375 23.8120 24.2089 24.6057 25.0026 J2 0.50 12.6997 1 1.00000 25.3995 90 Comparative Table o - Gauges in Common Use Dimensions of Sizes in Decimal Parts of an Inch | i " Jlll It III m ^1 C/2 3 fl s 2^