f 
 
SCENE OF THE SWAMP FIGHT ABOVE HATFIELD, NOW WHATELY, 
 AUGUST 25, 1675. 
 
II 1 S T 1{ Y 
 
 TOWN OF WHATELY, MASS. 
 
 INCLUDING A NARRATIVE OF LEADING EVENTS EROM 
 THE FIRST PLANTING OF HATFIELD : 
 
 1660-1871. 
 By JrH: temple, 
 
 FOURTU PASTOR OF TFIE COXGKKGATIOXAL CHURCH. 
 
 WITH FAMILY GENEALOGIES. 
 
 PllINTED FOR THE 
 HY T. K. MARVIN & SON, 131 CONGRI 
 
 1872. 
 
 ET, BOSTON. 
 

 r^ 
 
 Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1872, 
 
 By J. II. TEMPLE, 
 
 in tlie Office of the Librarian of Congress. 
 
PREFACE. 
 
 This attempt to gather up the memorials of a huntlrcd years, 
 grew out of an invitation from the citizens of Whately, to deliver 
 an Address at the celebration of the centennial anniversary of the 
 Incorporation of the Town. 
 
 The matei'ials collected have been embodied in these pages. 
 Some chapters arc inserted as they were written for that address, 
 and the book is now published in accordance with a unanimous 
 vote of the town at its annual meeting in November. 
 
 Somewhat isolated in position, and with nothing of natural 
 advantages to attract notice, — except the quiet beauty, and rich 
 variety^ and broad exj^anse of landscape, as seen from the cen- 
 tral village and the hills lying westwardly — Whately has laid 
 claim to no special distinction among her neighbors. But the 
 public spirit of her people, and the generous liberality displayed 
 in arranging and carrying out to a successful issue the com- 
 memoration of her centenary, and in providing for the preserva- 
 tion of her annals in the printed volume, are worthy of imitation 
 by the other towns in the Commonwealth. Records are perish- 
 able, and are always incomplete ; they are at best but the out- 
 lines ; the filling up must come from personal reminiscences of 
 character and actions, and those incidental items of civil and 
 social affairs, which are transmitted by oral tradition — distorted 
 and colored, of course, by pride and prejudice — but with enough 
 of truth to explain the records, and enough of reality to help the 
 practical antiquary in giving a life-like picture of the time of 
 which he treats. 
 
 The territory comprising the town was included in, and for one 
 hundred years was a part of Hatfield. The history of the colony, 
 
then, properly begins with some account of the mother settle- 
 ment. Whatever is characteristic of the growth, is to be found 
 in the germ. What society was in 1771, is a result of causes 
 pre-existing, and working through the preceding generations : 
 hence a sketch of leading events, from the first purchase of 
 these lands by the settlers from Connecticut, seemed necessary to 
 a clear understanding of any peculiarities of opinion, and the 
 domestic customs and religious faith of our fathers. 
 
 The writer has confined himself to a narrative of facts. It 
 is easj to swell a volume by speculations, and long-drawn com- 
 parisons between the past and the present ; but in these pages it 
 is assumed that, with the fiicts plainly before him, the reader is 
 competent to make comparisons, and draw contrasts, and establish 
 a philosophy — more satisfactory to himself, at least, than any 
 which the author might suggest. 
 
 Official documents have been the source relied on for historical 
 matter ; and no pains or expense has been spared to secure 
 accuracy and fullness. That some errors will be found, is ex- 
 pected ; that all which might have public value and interest, has 
 been collected, is not claimed. And some commonly accepted 
 traditions have been set aside, because well authenticated records 
 require it. 
 
 The Family Registers of the first settlers of the town, includ- 
 ing two generations, were collected and published by the author, 
 in 1849. Those records have been enlarged so as to embrace all 
 the permanent inhabitants ; and the families have been traced 
 down to the present time, by James INI. Crafts, Esq., with im- 
 portant aid (which he would gratefully acknowledge) from Ches- 
 ter G. Crafts, and Lcander L. ]\Iorton. 
 
 The frontispiece, representing the ravine where the " Swamp 
 Fight" of Aug. 25, 1675, commenced, is from a drawing by 
 Mrs. A. H. Hall, a descendant of Dea. Salmon White. 
 
 The autographs, which comprise the names of most of the 
 first settlers of the town, have the merit of being fac-similes of 
 original signatures. 
 
 The writer would do violence to his sense of justice, and his 
 appreciation of kindness, not to acknowledge his indebtedness to 
 Sylvester Judd, Esq. (now deceased), who was his early friend, 
 and who, in one portion of his field, left so little to be gleaned. 
 
ITc would also record his oblifration to the Secretary of the 
 Coininonwcalth ; the Ivei2;istcr of Probate of Ilamp^lure County ; 
 the Town Clerks of Hatfield and ^Vhately, for free access to tjic 
 records in their respective offices ; to the New Knt;land His- 
 toric-Genealogical Society, for the use of their valuable library ; 
 to Dea. K. II. BeUlen of Hatfield, for the piivilege of exam- 
 ining deeds of a large part of the lands lying in the southerly 
 half of the "Bradstreet Farm;" to James M. Crafts, Esq., for 
 statistics of industries, and manifold aid in copying records ; to 
 Hon. George Sheldon, for historical data; to Mr. Jonatlian 
 Johnson, for loan of ancient account book ; to Capt. Seth l>ard- 
 well, for list of privileges on West Brook; to Kev. J. W.. Lane, 
 for various documents ; to S. B. White, Esq., for list of soldiers 
 of the late ^Var ; to Mr. Erastus Crafts, Dea. Elihu Belden, 
 W. H. Fuller, Esq., Messrs. Dennis Dickinson, Stephen Bel- 
 den, Edwin Bardwell, Dr. M. Harwood, Mr. and Mrs. Eurotas 
 Dickinson, and Mrs. J. C. Loomis, for important information. 
 
 But with the aid derivable from all these sources, — official 
 records and the memories of i)ersons now living, — it is but 
 justice to say, that this picture of "the olden time," such as it 
 is, and the personal history of the men and women who settled 
 Whately, could not have been given but for the abundant mate- 
 rials furnished the writer while a resident in the town, by Mr. 
 Oliver Graves, Mr. Justin Morton, Mrs. Hannah Parker, and 
 Mrs. Eleanor Dickinson, who were eye-ivitnesses of events for 
 the ninety years following 1700. 
 
 JOSIAH HOWARD TEMPLE. 
 
 Fkamingua.m, Mass., Dec. '21, 1871. 
 
HISTORY OF WIIATELY. 
 
 CHAPTEK I. 
 
 INDIAN OWNERSHIP PURCHASE BY PYNCHON AND THE HADLEY 
 
 COMPANY. 
 
 At the time of the proposed settlement of the part of the 
 valley of the Connecticut Kiver lying between the Mt. Holyoke 
 range on the south, and Sugar Loaf and Toby on the north, 
 this Tract was in the occupancy of the Norwottuck Indians, who 
 were a branch of the Nipnett or Nipmuck tribe, whose chief seat 
 was in the central part of the State. 
 
 The Norwottucks of the valley were divided into three princi- 
 pal families, under three petty chiefs, viz. : Chickwallop, Ump- 
 anciiala, and Quonquont. Each claimed ownershi[) of the lands 
 lying for a distance on both sides of the river, and extendin"" 
 indefinitely east and west. Chickwallop held the lands pur- 
 chased by the Northampton planters and eastward. Umpanchala 
 claimed on the Hadley side as far north as Mill River, and on 
 the Hatfield side from Northampton bounds to the upper side of 
 Great jNIeadow. Quonquont occupied from Umpanchala's line 
 to Mt. Wequomps, or Sugar Loaf, and Mt. Toby. North of 
 these was the territory of the Pocumtucks, or Deerfield Indians. 
 Collectively, these were called the River Indians. 
 
 Each of these Indian families had its fort, its planting field, 
 and its hunting grounds. The fort was located, for obvious 
 reasons, on a bluff, in some commanding position, and near a 
 stream or spring of water. It was constructed of palisades, or 
 poles about ten feet long set in the grounfl. Its size depended 
 ou the lay of the land and the necessities of each tribe, as their 
 
8 
 
 wio-wains were placed within the enclosure. The cornfield was 
 always close to the fort. 
 
 Quonquont, who claimed the lands now comprising Whately, 
 and eastward, had a strong fort on the east side of the Connecti- 
 cut, north of Mill Eiver in Hadley. It was built on a ridge that 
 separates the east and west School Meadows, and enclosed about 
 an acre of ground. His cornfield, of sixteen to twenty acres, was 
 in the upper meadow. This fort was abandoned some time 
 before the attack on Quaboag. 
 
 The principal fort of Umpanchala was on the high bank of the 
 Connecticut near the mouth of Half-way Brook, between North- 
 ampton and Hatfield. This fort was occupied by the tribe till 
 the night of August 24, 1G75, and was the last fortified dwelling 
 place held by the Indians in this part of the valley. The plant- 
 ino- field of this family was the "Chickons," or Indian Hollow, 
 in Hatfield South Meadow. 
 
 Tiie Indian's home in this valley was then, what it still 
 remains, a scene of abundance and beauty. The mountains 
 reared their bold heads towards the sky for grandeur and defence ; 
 the hills, clothed in their primeval forests of variegated hues, 
 arrested the showers, and poured down their tributes in little 
 rivulets whose path was marked by green verdure and brilliant 
 flowers ; the annual overflow of the great river made the valley 
 fat and fertile. Yet these natural advantages appear to have 
 been of small account with the natives. So fav as we can judge, 
 convenience and necessity alone influenced them in the selection. 
 The furs and flesh of animals, and the fish of the streams, met 
 most of their ordinary wants ; grass was of no account ; and even 
 the corn which their women raised was a kind of surplus for 
 emero-encies, to be I'elied on in the scarcity of game, and the 
 event of war.^ 
 
 The Indian was a savage, with the instincts and ideas of a 
 savage ; and he estimated things accordingly. Personal ease 
 and sensual gratification was his highest happiness ; the pursuit 
 of game was his excitement ; war was his highest ambition and 
 field of glory ; and outside of these he had nothing to love, and 
 
 • Josselyn, Voyages, ^ys : — '• They [the Indians] beat the Corn to pow- 
 der and put it into bags, which they make use of when stormie weather or 
 the like will not suffer them to look out for other food." 
 
9 
 
 nothing to live for. All these local advantages he had here ; and 
 war with some rival tril)e was always at his option. 
 
 The red man had long been the occupant of the territory. 
 And he seems to have iniderstood perfectly the validity of his 
 title to these lands by the right of possession. Why then — the 
 question will naturally arise — was the Indian so ready to part 
 with his title, and transfer his right to the newcomers? The 
 general answer is, because he was a man and a savage. There 
 is a strange fascination accompanying a higher order of intelli- 
 gence, and the power inherent to enlightened intellect, which is 
 irresistible to the untutored child of nature. He looks up with 
 awe, and instinctly yearns for companionship with that higher 
 life. To his apprehension it is allied with the supernatural ; 
 and partakes of the potent, if not the omnipotent. And, aside 
 from any veneration, he sees the advantage every way of civili- 
 zation ; and the manhood in him rises up in hope and expecta- 
 tion. Ilis ideas may be vague, as to results to accrue. But he 
 anticipates some great advantage ; he expects to become a par- 
 taker of that which draws and inspires. It is only when, by 
 actual contact and contrast, he discovers and comes to feel his 
 inferiority, and his moral weakness, as compared with civilized 
 man, that he becomes jealous of him ; and the jealousy ripens 
 into hatred ; and the hatred ripens into hostility. No doubt acts 
 of injustice and wrong aggravate the jealousy, and hasten the 
 conflict. But civilized and savage life can never coalesce. There 
 is inherent antagonism which necessitates a conflict. And in the 
 struggle the weaker must yield to the stronger. And strength 
 lies not in numbers, but in resources ; the courage which con- 
 quers is moi'al rather than physical. Thus the two orders of 
 society cannot exist together ; one must yield and flee, or become 
 subordinate and be absorbed in the other. 
 
 In selling their lands to the settlers, the Indians in this valley 
 expected to be, and believed that they were the true gainers by 
 the bargain. They reserved all the rights and 2)rivileges that 
 were of any real value to them ; and calculated on receiving 
 advantages from the skill and traffic of the whites, as well as 
 those indefinite, perhaps imaginary advantages, to wliich 1 have 
 alluded. One reason why the Jiiver Indians were anxious to 
 sell, at the particular time when the whites came to the valley, 
 
10 
 
 was their fear of the Mohawks from the Hudson, who were 
 threatening a war of extermination — just as, sixteen years later, 
 the Pocumtucks and Norwottucks planned a war of extermina- 
 ti6n against the whites, whom they now so cordially welcomed. 
 
 The Hadley Planters. The company that formed the 
 original Hadley Plantation, covering lands on both sides of the 
 river, was from Connecticut. Their first step was to obtain 
 leave from the General Court to settle within the jurisdiction of 
 Massachusetts ; and the second step was to purchase the lands of 
 the Indians. The negotiation was carried on through the agency 
 of Maj. John Pynchon of Springfield, to whom the deeds were 
 made out, and who assigned his rights to the Company, and 
 received his pay of individuals as they took possession of their 
 assigned lots. Maj. Pynchon paid the Indians in wampum and 
 goods ; and received payment in grain, witli perhaps a consider- 
 able quantity of wampum, and a small amount of silver. 
 
 Wampum, which was in the shape of beads, was made of sea- 
 shells. It was manufactured mainly by the Indians of Long 
 Island, and, later, by those of Block Island. It was of two 
 kinds, white, or wampumpeag ; and black or blue, called suckau- 
 hock, which was of double the value of white. In 1650 the 
 Massachusetts government ordered that wampumpeag should be 
 a legal tender for debts (except for country rates) to the value of 
 forty shillings, the white at eight and the black at four for a 
 penny. This law was repealed in IGGl ; after which wampum 
 had no standard value — the price being regulated by demand and 
 supply. A hand of wampum was equal to four inches. In the 
 Hatfield purchase it was reckoned seven inches. A fathom was 
 ten hands, and was ordinarily worth five shillings. It was used 
 much for ornaments, such as belts, bi'acelets, head-bands, ear- 
 j)endants, and by the squaws of chiefs for aprons. Its use in 
 trade was continued for many years by the whites. 
 
 The first purchase on account of the Hadley settlers was made 
 December 25, 1658, and embraced the lands on the east side of 
 the Connecticut, from the mouth of Fort River and Mt. Ilolyoke, 
 on the south, to the mouth of jNIohawk brook and the southern 
 part of Mt. Toby, on the north, being about nine miles in length, 
 and extending castwardly nine miles into the woods. The price 
 
11 
 
 paid was two hundred and twenty fiitlioms of wampum and one 
 large coat, equal to £G2 10. The deed was signed by Unipan- 
 chala, Quonquont, and Chickwallop. Quonquont reserved one 
 cornfield of twelve — sixteen — twenty acres, near his fort ; and all 
 reserved the liberty to hunt deer and fowl, and to take fish, 
 beaver and otter. 
 
 The second purchase was made July 10, IGGO, and comprised 
 the lands on the west or Hatfield side, from (Japawong brook 
 (now Mill River) on the south, to the brook called Wunckcompss, 
 which comes out of the Great Pond, and over the brook to the 
 upper side of the meadow called Mincommuck, on the north, and 
 extending w^csterly nine miles into the woods. (The north line 
 was probably where is now the meadow road rvmning east and 
 west, just north of the dwelling house of Austin S. Jones, Esq.) 
 The price paid was three hundred fathoms of wampum, and some 
 small gifts, equal to £75. The deed is signed by Umpanchala, 
 and approved by his brother Etowomq. The reservations are 
 the Chickons, or planting field, and the liberty to hunt deer and , 
 other wild creatures, to take fish, and to set wigw'ams on the 
 Commons, and take wood and trees for use. 
 
 Tiie third purchase was the meadow called Capawonk, lying 
 in the south part of Hatfield. The deed is dated January 22, 
 1GG3. This meadow had been bought of the Indians in 1G57, 
 for fifty shillings, by the Northampton Planters. The price paid 
 by Iladley was £30. 
 
 These three purchases comprise all the territory north of Eort 
 River and Northampton, actually possessed by Hadley. No 
 bounds were established for the town by any act of incorporation ; 
 and the only claim it had to what is now the northerly part of 
 Hatfield and Whately, was a report of commissioners appointed 
 by the General Court, to lay out the new plantation, in which 
 their north bounds on this side of the river are stated " to be a 
 great mountain called Wequomps," — which report of Commission- 
 ers seems never to have been accepted. And the last two pur- 
 chases, viz. : from Northampton bounds on the south, to a line 
 just north of Great INIeadow, comprise all the territory west of 
 the river owned by Hatfield, at the time the latter town was 
 incorporated. The tract of land lying northerly from Great 
 Meadow (now North Hatfield and AVhately) was purchased of 
 
12 
 
 the Indians by Hatfield, October 19, 1672. This was Quon- 
 quont's land, and the deed was signed by his widow Sarah Quan- 
 quan, his son Pocunohouse, his daughter Majesset, and two 
 others. The price paid was fifty fathoms of warnpumj)eag. The 
 south line was from a walnut tree standing by the river in Min- 
 commuck meadow, westerly out into the woods. It was bounded 
 on the north by AVeekioannuck brook, where the Pocumtuck path 
 crosses it — the line running east to the great river, and west six 
 miles into the woods. 
 
 The reservations in these deeds were somewhat various ; but 
 it was understood by both parties — indeed it was a ti'adition cur- 
 rent in my own boyhood — that the Indians had the right of hunt- 
 ing, fowling and fishing any where, and to take what walnut and 
 white ash trees they had occasion to use for baskets and brooms. 
 
CHAPTER II. 
 
 SETTLEMENTS DIVISION OF LANDS INCORPORATION OF HATFIELD. 
 
 The first planters of New England were wholly uDaccustomed 
 to the work of clearing" off' woodlands. They had seen and 
 heard nothing of it in the mother country. Hence the earliest 
 settlements were uniformly made at places where they could 
 begin immediately to cultivate the ground, and find natural 
 pastures and meadows. 
 
 It was considered scarcely desirable or safe, to form a Planta- 
 tion where there was not plenty of " fresh marsh " — what we 
 should call open swamp. And so, when the west side people 
 petitioned for a new town, the Hadley Committee, in their 
 answer to the General Court, gave as one of the strongest 
 reasons against the separation, that the tract west of the river 
 "does not aflPord boggy meadows or such like, that inen can 
 live upon ; but their subsistence must be from their Home lots 
 and intervals." 
 
 Both the east and west side settlers found the meadows and 
 adjacent uplands ready for grazing and tillage. There was 
 needed no preliminary work of clearing oft' the forests. They 
 began to plant coi'n, and sow wheat and flax, and mow grass the 
 first season. 
 
 From early times the Indians had been accustomed to burn 
 over the whole country annually in November, after the leaves 
 had fallen and the grass had become dry, which ke[)t the 
 meadows clean, and prevented any growth of underbrush on the 
 uplands. One by one the older trees would give way, and thus 
 many cleared fields, or tracts with only here and there a tree, 
 would abound, where the sod would be friable, ready for the 
 plow ; or be already well covered with grass, ready for pastur- 
 
14 
 
 age. Tlie meadow lands thus burnt over, threw out an early 
 and rich growth of nutritious grasses, which, if let alone, grew 
 "up to a man's face." Then there were plots of ground, of 
 greater or less extent, which the Indian squaws had cultivated in 
 their rude way, with shell or wooden hoes, and where they had 
 raised squashes and beans and corn. 
 
 Strange as it may seem, both timber and fire wood were scarce 
 in the valley when the first settlement was made. At the outset 
 Hatfield passed a vote, that no clapboards, shingles, or rails, or 
 coopering stuff should be sold " to go, out of town." The upland 
 woods, on each side of the river, both above and below the 
 towns, were passable for men on horseback. 
 
 As already stated, the Hadley planters were from Wethersfield 
 and Hartford, in the Connecticut Colony. They had mostly 
 come over from England in the years 1632 to '34, and landed at 
 the mouth of the Charles River in Massachusetts. A part lived 
 at Watertown till 1G35, when they removed to Wethersfield. 
 Mr. Hooker, who came over with his flock in 1633, stopped in 
 Cambridge till '36, when they removed to Hartford. Thus 
 they had resided in Connecticut about twenty-five years. 
 
 Their reason for leaving this Colony, and seeking a new home 
 in Massachusetts, was a diflTerence of opinion in regard to church 
 government and ordinances. Mr. Hooker of Hartford was a 
 "strict CongregationaliSt," as was Mr. Russell, pastor of the 
 Wethersfield church. After the death of Hooker, his successor, 
 Mr. Stone, introduced certain innovations, which were thought 
 to have a leaning towards Presbyterianism, and in which a 
 majority of his church sustained him. An active minority 
 adhered tenaciously to their early church practices, and with- 
 drew. Mr. Russell and the majority of the Wethersfield church 
 sympathized with tlic withdrawers. The matter was brought 
 before the magistrates and before ecclesiastical councils. The 
 final result was, that Mr. Russell and nearly his entire church, 
 with a minority of the Hartford church, removed to Hadley. 
 Tliere is no record of any reorganization of the church, nor was 
 the pastor reinstalled. The existence of the church was there- 
 fore coeval with the existence of the Plantation. 
 
 The first comers were men of wealth and high social position ; 
 
15 
 
 and were regarded by the jMassachusetts authorities as a most 
 desirable addition to her population. They had — as their sub- 
 sequent history proved — the self-reliance and earnestness and 
 courage which usually attach to men who strike out a new path 
 for conscience' sake. 
 
 The agreement to remove to the new purchase was signed 
 April 18, 1G59 ; and some went up that summer to make pre- 
 paration for a general transfer. Perhaps a few families spent 
 the winter of '59-'G0 at the new plantation, which at first was 
 called N^ew- Toicn. It received the name of Hadleigh in 1()G1. 
 
 In the course of the year IGGO, forty families effected a settle- 
 ment, thirty-four on the east side of tiic river, and six on the 
 west side. The six who took lots on the Hatfield side appear to 
 have been Richard Fellows, Ivichard Billings, Zechariah Field, 
 John Cole, John White, Jr., and Nathaniel Dickinson, Jr. In 
 the course of this and the next year ten others joined them, viz., 
 John Coleman, Thomas Graves, John Graves, Samuel Belding, 
 Stephen Taylor, Daniel Warner, Daniel White, Samuel Dick- 
 inson, Thomas jMeekins, and William Allis. The last two were 
 from Braintree, Mass. Billings, Field, Cole, White, Graves, 
 Taylor, Fellows, and Warner were from Hartford ; Coleman, 
 Dickinson, and Belding from V/ethersfield. 
 
 Division of Lands. — By agreement made before leaving 
 Connecticut, each original proprietor received an equal share, 
 viz. eight acres of land as a home lot. The street on the Ilad- 
 ley side was laid out twenty rods wide ; and the lots extended 
 back from it on each side. The street on the Hatfield side was 
 ten rods wide, and the first home lots at the lower end con- 
 tained eight acres ; those granted afterwards, further north, 
 contained only four acres. 
 
 Ownership of land in fee simple, by every inhal)itant, was a 
 charaGteristic American idea, and was a corner-stone of the social 
 fabric built by our fathers. It was personal independence ; it was 
 capital ; it was power ; it was permanence ; and it was substan- 
 tial equality. The first planters here recognized the principle 
 that every honest citizen, whatever the amount of his "cash 
 assets, had a right to so much land as secured him an indepen- 
 dent home, a real property, which could not be alienated except 
 
16 
 
 of his own option ; which assured him the means of rearing and 
 educating a family. He was a freeman indeed. He had some- 
 thing to build upon, — something to fix his affections upon, — 
 something to defend, — something to leave his children, which 
 they after him could love, and build upon, and defend. Love of 
 home and love of country are co-ordinate and reciprocal, and 
 have their most vital root in ownership of the soil, with the 
 power and privileges it engenders. 
 
 Our ancestors in this valley could never have stood against 
 the tides of savage warfare, which in rapid succession burst over 
 them, had it not been that they defended their own and their 
 children's home and heritage. 
 
 As we have seen, the first division of home lots was equal. 
 But after this first equal division, all subsequent allotments of 
 meadows and intervals were made according to "estates.'' Yet 
 here only a nominal inequality was allowed, a single man of 
 twenty-one receiving one-fourth as much as the man of large 
 wealth and family. The term "estates," as used at that time, 
 requires an explanation. It did not represent a man's actual 
 property, real or personal. Precisely how the thing was brought 
 about we are not informed. But by mutual agreement, evi- 
 dently satisfactoiy to all parties, a sum varying from £50, for a 
 young unmarried man, to £200, for a man of independent means, 
 was set against each proprietor's name and called his " estate," 
 and used as a basis of land distribution and taxation. The 
 wealthy planters consented to receive less than their proper shai-e 
 of lands, and were held to pay less than their ratable proportion 
 of expenses; while the young man, for the sake of receiving a 
 larger allotment of land, agreed to pay a proportionate part of 
 the plantation taxes. 
 
 And the princi[)le of substantial equality was further recog- 
 nized by the peculiar method adopted in distributing the Com- 
 mon Fields, where no one i-eceived his full share in one lot — in 
 which case he would run the chance to get all good or all poor 
 land ; but each meadow was first partitioned off into two or more 
 parts ; and each proprietor had a share in the subdivision of the 
 several parts. Thus the North or Great Meadow was first appor- 
 tioned into six parts, and each west side settler had a lot in each 
 of the six divisions. Little Meadow was apportioned into two 
 
17 
 
 parts, and South Meadow into tlu'cc parts, each proprietor receiv- 
 ing a lot in each part. A £50 "estate" drew of meadow land 
 in all thirteen and one-half acres ; a £200 " estate " drew fifty- 
 four and one-half acres. At the same time, the vast extent of 
 upland was open to all equally for wood, timber and pasturage. 
 
 And now they began to build upon these foundations. As 
 there were no saw mills driven by water, the frame and covering 
 of their houses must be got out by hand. Boards as well as joists 
 were sawed in "saw pits," as they were called, i. e., two men, 
 one above on a scaffolding, and one below in the pit, working 
 the saw, — but most of the covering stuff for buildings was split 
 or "cleft." These cloven boards, or clap-boards, were commonly 
 from four to six feet long, five inches wide, and six-eighths of 
 an inch thick on the back. Shingles were all the way from four- 
 teen inches to three feet long, and one inch thick at the thick end. 
 At first all stuff was split from oak. 
 
 Fences — always next in order after roads and houses — were 
 built. The home lots, which were fenced by the owners, usually 
 with posts and rails, required above twenty miles of fencing. 
 The Conunon Fields, except Great Meadow, which was sur- 
 rounded by ponds and brooks, were usually enclosed with a broad 
 ditch, on the bank of which were set two poles or three rails, 
 making the whole over four feet in heigh th. The ditch was on 
 the outside, as the main object was to keep out roving animals. 
 The by-laws regarding fences were minute and strict. Common 
 fences were required to be made good by IMarch 20th of each 
 year, and to be so close as to keep out swine three months old. 
 Each proprietor of a common field was required to fence accord- 
 ing to the number of acres he held in the field, and "to have a 
 stake twelve inches high at the end of his fence, with the two 
 first letters of his name, facing the way the fence runs." The 
 location of a man's fence, like that of his land, was determined 
 by lot. 
 
 Gates were placed wherever a road crossed a common field. 
 If a person, owner or traveler, left open the gates or bars of a 
 meadow after March 20, he had to pay 2s. 6d. ; at a later date 
 the fine was " 5 shillings besides all damages." Gates were in 
 existence on the lliver road and in other parts of the town since 
 the Revolution. 
 
18 
 
 All males over sixteen years were required to work one day 
 yearly on the highway ; and owners of meadow land at the rate 
 of one day for every twenty acres. 
 
 All over fourteen years were required to work one day in 
 June, cutting brush or clearing the Commons. 
 
 At first the tillage lands were devoted mainly to corn, wheat, 
 peas, and flax, as these were the essential articles of food, and 
 the means of payment of debts and taxes. And an important 
 item of each season's work was the gathering of fire wood and 
 candle wood. The latter was the pitch or hard pine, and was 
 the only substitute for candles for a number of years. 
 
 The first grist mill was built in 1G61, by Thomas Meekins, on 
 Hatfield Mill River. [The stream in a town on which a mill 
 was first erected was usually called Mill liiver.'] He received 
 a grant of twenty acres near the mill for building it ; and the 
 town agreed to have all the grain ground at his mill, "provided 
 he make good meal." 
 
 Formation of a Church and Incorporation of the 
 Town. — The west side proprietors grew and multiplied so that 
 at the end of seven years they numbered forty-seven families. 
 The river was a serious obstacle to the enjoyment of religious 
 ordinances ; and as early as 1667 a petition for a separate society 
 was sent to the General Court. The next year the Coui't granted 
 them leave to settle and maintain a minister : but Hadley 
 objected ; and an earnest controversy ensued, the result of Avhich 
 was that the west side was incorporated into a town by the name 
 of "Hatficlds," ]May 31, 1670. At the time the Court granted 
 leave for separate church privileges they determined to have 
 their own preaching, whether Hadley consented or not ; and at a 
 "side-meeting," as it was called, held Xov. 6, 1668, a committee 
 was chosen "to provide a boarding place for a minister, and 
 arrange for his maintenance ; also to build a meeting-house thirty 
 feet square." No plantation was considered fit for municipal 
 privileges till a meeting-house and minister were provided for ; 
 and it is likely that their determined action in this matter induced 
 the court to set them off into a town, even before they expected, 
 or were quite ready for it. 
 
 In addition to preparation for the ordinances, it was voted, at 
 
19 
 
 a side-meeting, February, 1670, to lay out a piece of ground, 
 twenty rods long by eight rods wide, upon the plain near Thomas 
 Meekin's land, for a burying place. They had also virtually 
 "called" their minister and fixed his salary before incorporation. 
 In the November following, Mr. Hope Atherton, the pastor 
 elect, signified his acceptance of the call ; and the town voted 
 him, in addition to the home lot of eight acres, the ministerial 
 allotment in the meadows, to build him a house, forty by twenty 
 feet, double-story, and allow him £G0 a year, two-thirds in wheat 
 and one-third in pork, with the proviso, "If our crops fall so 
 short that we cannot pay him in kind, then we are to pay him in 
 the next best way we have," and the furtiicr proviso, that if Mr. 
 Atherton left them before his death, certain sums were to be 
 refunded the town. 
 
 The precise date of the formation of the church is unknown. 
 There is pretty clear evidence, however, that it took place near 
 the 1st of April, 1671. 
 
 It appears that six only of the male inhabitants were church 
 members. They were Thomas Meekins, Sen., William Allis, 
 John Cole, Sen., Isaac Graves, Samuel Belding, and either 
 Kichard Billings or William Gull. At a meeting in February, 
 1671, the town voted that these resident members should "be 
 those to begin in gathering the church," and that they should 
 have power to choose three persons to make up nine to join in 
 the work. The exact import of this last clause is not apparent. 
 " As seven is the least number by which the rule of church disci- 
 pline in the eighteenth chapter of Matthew can be reduced to 
 practice, that number has been held necessary to form a church 
 state." \_E7icy. llel. KnoioW] And we find that at North- 
 ampton, in 1661, seven men, called the "seven pillars," were 
 organized as a church. Also at Westfield, in 1679, seven 
 men, called "foundation men," were selected to be formed into 
 church state. 
 
 Thus all the essentials of social life — homes, and fenced fields, 
 and roads, and a grist mill, a burying place, a meeting-house 
 and minister — were secured. /Schools, as we now use the term, 
 were not regarded a necessity in the first years of a settlement. 
 Indeed, the public or free school system was not a germ, but a 
 
20 
 
 groivth^ of our institutions. To give all access to the Holy 
 Scriptures, y*a7n^7?/ instruction in spelling and reading was con- 
 sidered obligatory, and was common, from the first. To secure 
 this, a law was passed in 1642, requii'ing the selectmen of towns 
 to look after the children of parents and masters who neglected to 
 bring them up "in learning and labor." In 1647 it was enacted 
 that every town with fifty families should provide a school where 
 children might be taught to read and ivrite. Practically, this 
 secured an education to only those who were able to pay for it ; 
 and it was commonly understood to apply only to boys. 
 
 The first books used were the " Horn 13ook," Primer, Psalter, 
 and Testament. The Horn Book was the alphabet and a few 
 rudiments printed on one side of a card, and this was covered 
 with translucent horn, to prevent its being soiled. They were 
 in use till about 1700, when Dilwoi'th's Spelling Book was 
 introduced. 
 
 Hatfield had a school regularly established in 1678, the 
 expense of which was borne two-thirds by the scholars and 
 one-third by the town. The first schoolhouse was built in 
 1681. Dr. Thomas Hastings was the first teacher. It was 
 not uncommon to unite the profession of physician and teacher 
 in the same person ; and as the grandmothers were mainly relied 
 on for prescriptions and poultices, he seems to have found suffi- 
 cient time for the discharge of duty in the double capacity. The 
 school year was divided into two terms, beginning respectively 
 about April 1 and Oct. 1. A separate rate was made for each 
 term, — the parent paying for only the time his child attended. 
 From a record of attendance for 1698-9 it appears that thirty- 
 seven boys were pupils in the winter, and thirty-eight in the 
 summer, — of whom four only were writers. The salary of 
 the teacher was £30 to £35 per year, payable in grain. 
 
 This school became free in 1722. 
 
 Though the statutes relating to schools use the word " child- 
 ren," yet it was understood to apply primarily to boys. Girls 
 were taught to read at home, or by " dames " who gathered a 
 class at their private dwellings. But the education of girls 
 seems to have been regarded as unnecessary for the first hundred 
 years of the New England Colonies. Even so late as the 
 American Revolution comparatively few women could write their 
 
21 
 
 names. In the grammar schools of most of the older towns no 
 girls were fomid. Boston did not allow them to attend the pub- 
 lic schools till 1790. Northampton admitted them for the first 
 time in 1802. 
 
 There is evidence that girls attended the school in Hatfield 
 when it was first opened and for several years thereafter, and 
 pursued the same studies as the boys. From 1095 to '99 none 
 are found upon the list. In 1700, during the winter term, four 
 girls and forty-two boys were in attendance. In 1709 there 
 were sixteen girls in a class of sixty-four ; showing a rapid 
 change in public sentiment. Probably the mothers, educated in 
 their girlhood by Dr. Hastings, found the advantage of learning 
 (possibly their husbands found out the same fact), and when 
 their daughters arrived at suitable age they sent them to school ; 
 and thus the custom originated and rapidly gained force which 
 resulted in the free school of 1722. 
 
 With this fact in mind, there is seen to be a striking fitness 
 that a Hatfield woman* should be the first to found a female 
 college in Massachusetts. 
 
 Whately wisely adopted her mother's views, as no one remem- 
 bers the time when girls did not commonly attend school, and 
 pursue the same studies as boys. 
 
 These early settlers lived mostly within themselves, depend- 
 ing on the produce of their lands and cattle ; tliough some, in 
 addition to farming, did carpenter's or blacksmith's work, and 
 coopering. 
 
 The women helped their husbands, reared children, bolted the 
 flour, and spun flax and wool, and wove them into cloth. 
 
 Most families had a few cows, and sheep, and many swine. 
 
 Oxen were used for farm work, and to haul grain and flour to 
 market ; horses were kept solely for the saddle. 
 
 Money was scarcely a circulating medium, and trade was 
 mostly "in kind," or wampum. 
 
 Zechariah Field was the first who carried on trade in Hatfield ; 
 but his business was limited and proved unprofitable. Families 
 bought most of their goods of John Pynchon of Springfield, and 
 paid in wheat, flour, pork, and malt. 
 
 * Miss Sophia Smith. 
 
22 
 
 Taxes were paid in grain ; and even the sacramental charges 
 of the church were paid in wheat, for which purpose three 
 half-pecks per member per year appears to have been the usual 
 requirement. 
 
 The only communication with the outside world was with 
 Northampton and Springfield, and their old homes in Connecti- 
 cut. There was a cartway to Windsor and Hartford by way of 
 Westficld ; and there was a road to Springfield on the east side 
 of the river. 
 
 The Bay lload, through Quaboag, was only a horse path till 
 after 1700. 
 
CHAPTER III. 
 
 THE FIRST INDIAN "VVAR, 1675 1678. 
 
 Thus in their quiet seclusion and liealthful ])ursuits, and the 
 enjoyment of social and Cln-istian intercourse, they passed fif- 
 teen years. Some who came to the valley with p;ray hairs had 
 laid them down to rest in the old grave-yard. The infant had 
 become a youth, and the youth had reached manhood. With 
 .some home-sickness and reverses, the sun of prosperity beamed 
 kindly and brightly ; and a future full of promise and hope for 
 their children seemed opening upon them. But on a sudden this 
 quiet life was broken up. War in its most frightful form ; war, 
 such as the merciless and treacherous savage knows how to 
 wage, burst upon them ! 
 
 Up to this time the whites and red men had lived together 
 on terms of friendship. There was no social equality, and no 
 mingling of races. Each led his own distinctive life ; and 
 though the separation between the two forms became daily more 
 apparent, no conflict occurred, and suspicion, if it existed, was 
 studiously concealed. The English had plowed for the Indians 
 the reserved planting field, or, as they sometimes preferred, had 
 rented their own plowed fields, the squaws planting and tending 
 them " at halves ; " the Indians had dwelt in their fort, or pitched 
 their wigwams on the Commons and sometimes on the home lots, 
 and gone in and out at pleasure. The only danger apprehended 
 seems to have been from the tiiieving and begging propensities 
 of the sava";es, and their anrrer when under the infiucnce of 
 alcoholic drink. The people erected no fortifications ; and the 
 militia men were rather for ornament than use. Hatfield had 
 only six troopers in 1674. 
 
 It had been the custom for the Indians to Jipply for ground to 
 
24 
 
 plant upon, and make arrangements for the same, very early in 
 the season, usually in February; but this spring (1675) they 
 were silent on the subject, and made no preparation for putting 
 in a crop. They also removed their wigAvams, and whatever 
 goods they claimed, from the home lots and adjacent meadows 
 to the fort. And early in summer a favorite squaw counselled 
 goodwife Wright of Northampton "to get into town with her 
 children." These things were known, biit attracted little 
 attention. They may have awakened suspicion ; but it could 
 hardly be called alarm, as it led to no special preparations for 
 defence. 
 
 In about three weeks after the Brookfield Fight, the scattered 
 bands of Indians gathered on the Connecticut river. They con- 
 centrated at the Fort between Northampton and Hatfield. Capt. 
 Lathrop and Capt. Beers, with their companies, composed mostly 
 of men from the eastern part of the State, having scoured the 
 region of the river, came to Hadley, probably on the 23d of, 
 August. As a precautionary measure, rather than from a belief 
 in their hostile intentions, it was judged best to disarm the 
 Indians then in the Fort. And on the next day a parley was 
 held, and a formal demand for the surrender of their arms was 
 made. Tiie Indians objected, and demanded time for consider- 
 ation. And it was finally agreed that if a deputation should be 
 sent over the next morning, a final answer would be then given. 
 Distrusting their sinceritv, the oflScers determined to surround 
 the Fort, and secure their arms by force, if need be. To effect 
 this with certainty, about midnight word was sent to the com- 
 manding officer at Northampton, to bring up his company to the 
 south of the Fort, " as near as they could without being per- 
 ceived," while the others would post themselves on the north. 
 The two companies then crossed to the Hatfield side, and moved 
 quietly down, reaching the Fort a little before break of day. 
 
 But the movement was too late to effect its object. The wily 
 savage had fled, taking arms, goods and all — having first killed 
 an old sachem who opposed their plans. 
 
 After a brief council of war, the Captains resolved to folloAV, 
 and with one hundred men pursued " at a great pace," up the 
 Deerfield path. The Indians had evidently anticipated such a 
 movement, and were lying in ambush in a swamp near the road. 
 
25 
 
 From tliG facts that liavc come to light, it seems probable that 
 the English Captains expected to hold a parley, rather than to 
 fight, and were marching without special precaution. But on a 
 sudden, as the troops were crossing the head of a ravine, the 
 Indians " let fly about forty guns at them." Our men quickly 
 returned the fire ; some of them rushed down into the swamp, 
 forcing the enemy to throw away much of their baggage, and 
 after a while each man, after the Indian manner, got behind his 
 tree, and watched his opportunity to get a shot at them. The 
 fight continued about tluee hours, when the Indians withdrew. 
 " We lost six men upon the ground ; a seventh died of his 
 wounds coming home, and two died the next night, making nine 
 in all."* Only one of the killed, Kichard Fellows, belonged to 
 Hatfield. 
 
 Owing to an apparent contradiction in the two accounts of 
 this fight extant — Mr. Russell of Hadley placing it at " a swamp 
 beyond Hatfield," and Hubbard saying it occurred "ten miles 
 above Hatfield, at a place called Sugar Loaf Hill" — the location 
 has not been hitherto identified. 
 
 But there is really no contradiction. Both accounts are agreed 
 that it was at a swamp above Hatfield, at a place called Sugar 
 Loaf Hill. It is also clear that our men were pursuing the 
 usual Indian trail between Hatfield and Deerfield. If, then, a 
 spot can be found where the trail skirts the edge of the swamp 
 near the foot of Sugar Loaf, the presumption would be, that the 
 ambush was concealed at that point. And if tins point furnished 
 a background fitted for a cover, and at the same time afforded a 
 good chance of retreating in case of defeat, the presumption 
 would amount to almost certainty. The chief ground of doubt 
 remaining is the "ten miles from Hatfield," stated by Hubbard. 
 But Mr. Hubbard received his information at second hand ; while 
 Mr. Russell, who lived at Hadley, and gathered his account at 
 the time from the soldiers themselves, names no distance. And 
 this apparent difl^culty vanishes when the common estimate (for 
 no measurement had then been made) of distances on this path is 
 considered. As appears from papers relating to the " Dedham 
 Grant," the distance from Hadley to Deerfield was reckoned 
 "twelve miles." Taking this estimated distance as a basis for 
 
 * Stoddard's Letter. 
 
26 
 
 getting a ratio of the true distance, the " ten miles " would be to 
 the sout/uva7-d of Sugar Loaf. The only remaining difficulty 
 is as to the exact line of march. By reference to the Indian 
 deed, and the act defining the north line of Hatfield, it is plain 
 that the Deerfield path crossed Sugar Loaf Brook Avhere said 
 brook intersects the Deerfield and Hatfield (afterwards AVhately) 
 line. Starting from " Poplar Spring," a well-known locality on 
 this path, and following the line of trail towards the point indi- 
 cated, at a point about a fourth of a mile south of Sugar Loaf 
 Brook the traveler comes upon a ravine which exactly meets all 
 the published conditions of the Fight. The swamp here trends 
 into the plain, making a triangular depression, where is a spring 
 of water tliat finds its way into Hopewell Brook. An ambush of 
 forty Indians (the number named by Stoddard) could be hidden 
 among the " beaver holes," and prostrate stumps, and huge hem- 
 locks ; and as their pursuers crossed the head of the ravine their 
 line would be exposed for nearly its whole length, as the Indians 
 could fire up both slopes of the bluff. The peculiar lay of the 
 land also accounts for the fact that " one of ours was shot in 
 the back by our own men," — which might readily happen if he 
 pushed down into the swamp while a part of the force remained 
 on the opposite side of the triangle.* 
 
 There is no doubt that tiie destruction of Quaboag, and the 
 successful stratagem by which they escaped from the fort at Hat- 
 field, and the indecisive struggle at "the Swamp," last described, 
 greatly encouraged the Indians. The advantage gained was on 
 their side.f The scattered and isolated situation of the towns, 
 and their almost defenceless condition, was in the savages' favor. 
 Our officers and soldiers were not familiar with their modes of 
 warfare, and were not united in opinion as to the best method 
 of attack and defence. The settlers were not lacking in courage, 
 but in skill and unity. 
 
 From the date last given, Aug. 25, there were constant 
 alarms, and individual surprises, and scouting, till the disastrous 
 fight at Northfield, and desertion of the place, Sept. 2 and 4, 
 
 * The spot indicated in the Frontispiece, is on land now (1871) owned 
 by J. C. Sanderson, Esq, 
 
 f The loss of the Indians in the Swamp Fight was put by our men at 
 twenty-six ; but this is conjecture, and the number is improbable. 
 
27 
 
 and the still more disastrous slaughter of " the flower of Essex " 
 at Muddy Brook, Scjjt. 18. Deerfield was immediately aban- 
 doned, and her settlers retired to Hatfield and Hadley. The 
 whole valley was a scene of apprehension and mourning. Fathers 
 went out to cut fire wood or gather corn in the morning, and 
 returned not. The light of blazing barns at night sent fear to 
 the heart of the boldest. The crack of the Indian's aun in the 
 thicket was at once the traveler's warning and death knell. 
 
 Thus passed the month after the battle of Muddy Brook, — 
 afterwards appropriately called liloody Brook. The sava^i-cs 
 were always on the alert, and usually appeared just when and 
 where they were least expected. Springfield was burnt Oct. 5, 
 — the very day on which an attack on Hadley from the north 
 was expected. An extract from a letter written by ^laj. John 
 Pynchon, dated Hadley, Sept. 30, will give a vivid picture 
 of the situation : " We are endeavoring to discover the enemy, 
 and daily send out scouts, but little is effected. Our English 
 are somewhat awk and fearful in scouting and spying, though 
 we do the best we can. We have no Indian friends here to 
 help us. We find the Indians have their scouts out. Two 
 days ago, two Englishmen at Northampton, being gone out 
 in the morning to cut wood, and but a little from the house, 
 were both shot down dead, having two bullets apiece shot into 
 each of their breasts. The Indians cut off their scalps, took 
 their arms, and were off in a trice." And in a postcript to 
 another letter, dated Oct. 8, he says: "To speak my thoughts, 
 all these towns ought to be garrisoned as I have formerly hinted. 
 To go out after the Indians, in the swamps and thickets is to 
 hazard all our men, unless we know where they keep; which is 
 altogether unknown to us." This will explain the defensive 
 ])olicy adopted by thcEnglish. 
 
 On Tuesday, the 19th of October, early in the morning, the 
 Indians kindled great fires in the woods to the northward of 
 Hatfield, probably in the neighborhood of "Mother George," to 
 attract the village people, and then concealed themselves in the 
 bushes to await the result. About noon, ten horsemen were 
 sent out to scout; and as they were passing the ambush, the 
 Indians fired, killing six, and taking three prisoners, one of 
 whom they afterwards tortured to death. They then fell with 
 
28 
 
 all their fury upon the village, evidently hoping to wipe it out, 
 as they had done to Northfield and Dcerfield. But, as the 
 chronicle has it, "according to the good providence of God," 
 Capt. Mosely and Capt. Poole, who with their companies then 
 garrisoned Hatfield, successfully repelled the assault. After a 
 fierce and protracted struggle, the Indians fled, having mortally 
 wounded one soldier, and burned a few buildings. This was the 
 first decided defeat they had suffered, — if we except the repulse 
 at Hadley (of which so little is known) through the skill and 
 courage of Gen. Goffe. 
 
 Soon after this affair, the main body of the Indians withdrew 
 from this part of the valley. The people of Hatfield immedi- 
 ately began the construction of palisades around the more thickly 
 built portion of the village, — comprising, probably, the southern 
 end of the street ; they also fortified the mill, and some of the 
 more exposed houses. 
 
 Winter set in early ; and though no attack was made, or seri- 
 ously apprehended, the time passed gloomily enough. Most of 
 the families from Deerfield, and some from Northfield, were 
 gathered here; and a company of thirty-six (under Lieut. Wil- 
 liam AUis) were quartered upon the people. Food appears to 
 have been plenty. But the deep snows* and severe cold pre- 
 vented much communication with other parts of the Colony. 
 Shut up, and shut out from the world, as they were, thoughts of 
 the past and apprehensions for the future must have weighed 
 heavily on their hearts. 
 
 Mr. Russell's report of the numbers slain in Hampshire 
 County, in 1675, is as follows : — 
 
 Oct. 5, at Springfield, . . 4 
 
 " 19, " Hatfield, . . . 10 
 
 " 27, " 'Westfield, . . 3 
 
 " 29, " Northampton, . . 4 
 
 Total, . . . .145 
 
 The number here given is probably too large by two. Of these, 
 not less than forty-four were inhabitants of the county ; the rest 
 were soldiers from other parts of the Colony. 
 
 Aug. 2, 
 
 at Brookfield, 
 
 . 13 
 
 " 25, 
 
 above Hatfield, . 
 
 . 9 
 
 Sept. 1, 
 
 at Deerfield, 
 
 . 2 
 
 " 2, 
 
 " .Northfield, 
 
 . 8 
 
 " 4, 
 
 " 
 
 . 16 
 
 •' 18, 
 
 " Muddy Brook, 
 
 . 74 
 
 " 28, 
 
 " Northampton, 
 
 . 2 
 
 * North of Brookfield, the snow was " mid-thigh" deep. 
 
29 
 
 From the testimony of a Christian Indian, employed as a spy, 
 the liivcr Indians had tlieir main winter quarters on the west side 
 of tlie Connecticut, above Northficld, — though a few wintered to 
 the eastward of Albany. They returned to Hampshire County 
 near the end" of February. 
 
 When the fishing season arrived, they established themselves, 
 as usual, about the Falls above Deerfield. They also planted 
 large fields of corn, both at Northficld and Deerfield. This 
 would <jo to show that they considered themselves still masters 
 of the situation. And we can readily credit the testimony of 
 Thomas lieed, an escaped captive, that " they are secure and 
 scornful, boasting of great things they have done, and will do." 
 
 About the middle of April (1G7G), a party of these Deerfield 
 Indians went down to Hatfield North Meadow, and drove off 
 eighty head of horses and cattle. They kept these cattle for a 
 time in the common field, previously well fenced by the settlers, 
 at the Deerfield meadow, — where Reed saw them, and "found 
 the bars put up to keep them in." 
 
 The report which this man Reed brought in of the defiant 
 manner of the savages, and their quiet possession of the culti- 
 vated fields of the expelled settlers, seems to have roused the 
 spirit of the English, and induced them to take the oflPensive. 
 "This being tiie state of things," writes Mr. Russell, "we think 
 the Lord calls us to make some trial what may be done against 
 them suddenly, without furtlier delay ; and therefore the concur- 
 ring resolution of men here seems to be to go out against them 
 to-morrow at night so as to be with them, the Lord assisting, 
 before break of day." This was written May IStli, and the 
 determination was carried into eflfect the 18th, when about one 
 hundred and fifty mounted men, chiefly from the river towns, 
 with ]5cnjamin Wait and Experience Hinsdale as guides, started 
 from Hatfield, "to assail the Indians at the falls above Deerfield." 
 The expedition was" under command of Capt. William Turner. 
 "They found the Indians all asleep, without having any scout 
 abroad, so that our soldiers came and put their guns into their 
 wigwams, before the Indians were aware of them, and did make 
 a great and notable slaughter among them. Some got out of the 
 wigwams and fought, and killed one of the English ; otiiers did 
 enter the river to swim over from the English, but many were 
 
30 
 
 shot dead in the waters, others wounded were therein drowned, 
 many got into canoes to paddle away, but the paddles being shot, 
 the canoes overset with all therein ; and the stream being violent 
 and swift near the falls, most that fell overboard were carried 
 upon the falls. Others of them, creeping for shelter under the 
 banks of the great river, were espied by our men and killed with 
 their swords."* The number of Indians slain — most of them 
 women and children — was probably about one hundred and 
 seventy-five, though the account at the time made it much larger. 
 But this first success in early morning, was, later in the day, 
 changed into a most disastrous rout of the English, The Indians 
 who were camped on the east bank and on Smead's Island, 
 crossed the river and assailed our men in the rear, after they had 
 begun their homeward march. At the same time, a report that 
 King Philip with a thousand warriors was at hand, got started, 
 and produced a panic. Our men got scattered ; Capt. Turner 
 was shot as he was passing Green river ; many lost their way in 
 the woods ; and though Capt. Holyoke, the second in command, 
 conducted the retreat with great bravery and skill, he was 
 followed by the victorious savages to the south end of Deerfield 
 meadow. In all, thirty-eight of the English were killed, three 
 of whom were Hatfield men, viz. : Samuel Gillet, John Church, 
 and William Allis, Jr. 
 
 The battle was fought on Friday ; but some of the men who 
 got lost, wandered about for two or three days. Jonathan 
 AVells, who was wounded, after severe suffering and several 
 narrow escapes, reached Hatfield on the Sabbath. Ilev. Hope 
 Atherton, of Hatfield, who accompanied the troops, " after sub- 
 sisting," as he says, "the space of three days and part of 
 another, without ordinary food," came into Hadley about noon 
 on Monday. 
 
 This double defeat had its natural result. The English saw 
 the need of a larger force, which could crush by its very weight ; 
 and the Indians felt weakened by so great a loss, and contented 
 themselves with securing a stock of provisions — partly by the 
 fisheries, and partly by plunder. 
 
 Their first [)lundering expedition was against Hatfield, which 
 was easiest of access from their camp above Deerfield. On the 
 
 * lllstory of Iladley. 
 
30th of May, while most of the men were away at w(n-k in their 
 planting" field, a large body of Indians — nnnibcring-, by estima- 
 tion, between two and three hundred — made a simultaneous 
 attack on the line of palisadoed dwellings, on the herdsmen tend- 
 ing the cattle, and on the men at work in the fields. Holding 
 these last at bay, they fired twelve houses and barns, killed or 
 drove away many of the cattle, and nearly all the sheep. Seeing 
 the flames of the burning buildings, a company of twenty-five 
 young men from Hadley crossed the river in face of a hot fire 
 from the enemy, and by their daring bravery saved the town. 
 This company lost five of their own number ; but so far as 
 appears, none of Hatfield were slain. 
 
 A large body of troops now concentrated in the valley. About 
 four hundred and fifty came up from Connecticut, under Major 
 Talcott. Capt. Henchman, with over three hundred and fifty 
 men, arrived soon after from the l»ay. These scoured the 
 country, northward and eastward, and effectually scattered the 
 eneiny. In one expedition, they "burnt a hundred wigwams 
 upon an island, ruined an Indian fort, spoiled an abundance of 
 fish which they found in barns under grouod, and destroyed 
 thirty canoes." * Later, they destroyed all the standing corn, 
 at Deerfield and Northfield. 
 
 Few Indians were seen in the county later than July. They 
 were suffering from famine and disease ; and were hunted from 
 place to place. Many were killed. Some of the women and 
 children gave themselves up or were taken prisoners. The death 
 of Philip, August 12th, appeared to put an end to the war. The 
 main body drew off towards Albany, where they were harbored, 
 and sujiplied with arms by the authorities acting under Andros. 
 
 The military operations of the preceding spring, as well as 
 the danger imminent at that time, prevented the planting of the 
 usual extent of ground. The North Meadow was not probably 
 put in tillage at all this year, consequently the harvests were 
 light. 
 
 Hatfield's Great Calamity. The spring of 1077 opened 
 propitiously. Our people planted and tended their fields in 
 peace ; and in summer gathered the hay from the intervals. 
 
 * History of Iladley. 
 
32 
 
 Their sense of security is shown by the fact that a numher who 
 were driven from Deerfield in the fall of '75, now returned there 
 and commenced to rebuild their houses. 
 
 Though rendered cautious by experience, the settlers were 
 somewhat hardened by danger. They had the courage, and 
 some of the recklessness which is always engendered by constant 
 alarms, and perils, and escapes, and scouting. "They went 
 about their ordinary business with arms in their hands, and to 
 their solemn assemblies as one goeth to the battle," — but it was 
 as much from habit as a sense of imminent danger. And as the 
 fishing season went by, without the return of the Indians to their 
 old haunts, and the period of full summer foliage of the trees — 
 usually chosen because of the better facility for ambush and 
 skulking — was past, they seem to have regarded themselves as 
 safe for the year. No scouts were sent out, and no guards were 
 maintained at home. 
 
 But Hatfield paid dearly for her fancied security. On the 
 19th of September — more than a year after the war was con- 
 sidered closed — at eleven o'clock in the forenoon, while the 
 principal part of t^ie men were dispersed in the meadows, and 
 unsuspicious of danger, a party of Indians suddenly assaulted the 
 few men left at home — who just then were at work upon the 
 frame of a house outside the palisades — killed three of them, and 
 then fell upon the defenceless women and children. Before help 
 could come, they fired seven houses, killed nine — making twelve 
 in all — wounded four, took seventeen captives, and escaped to 
 the cover of the woods ! 
 
 The boldness and suddenness of the movement assured its suc- 
 cess. The people seem to have been paralyzed by the shock, 
 and made no earnest effort at rescue. Perhaps the fear lest the 
 captives might be tomahawked, if pursuit was made, and the 
 hope that they would be spared, if unmolested, may have had 
 weight. The Indians went that day to Deerfield, where they 
 killed one and captured four men, and halted for the night. They 
 spent the second night at Northfield west meadow. They pro- 
 ceeded further up the river, and camped on the east side, about 
 twenty miles above Northfield, where they built a long wigwam, 
 and remained about three weeks. About the middle of October, 
 the party — augmented by about eighty women and children, 
 
38 
 
 taken in tl\c ncigliborhood of Wacluisctt — moved oil', cros.sing 
 the country to Lake Cliainplain, and thence to Canachi. 
 
 "With perhaps an .individual exce[)tion, these seventeen from 
 Hatfield, and those taken at Deerfield, were the first captives 
 from the valley that had to endure the sufferings and perils 
 of a march through the then almost impassable wihlerness. 
 The captives taken in the two preceding years, with two 
 exceptions, were either burnt at the stake or otherwise tortured 
 to death ! 
 
 Of those whose descendants settled AVhately, Sergeant Isaac 
 Graves, and John Graves were killed ; Hannah, the wife of John 
 Coleman, and her babe Berthia, were killed ; another child 
 wounded, and two taken captive ; jNIary, the wife of Samuel 
 Belding, was killed ; the wife and daughter of John Wells were 
 wounded, and his daughter Elizabeth, aged two, was killed ; the 
 wife of Obadiah Dickinson was wounded, himself and one child 
 carried off; Abigail, daughter of John Allis, aged six ; Martha, 
 the wife of Benjamin A\'ait, and her three daughters ; Mary, the 
 wife of Samuel Foote, her daughter ALary, aged three, and a 
 young son, were carried into ca[)tivity. 
 
 Thus, in the three years of the war, twenty-seven of Hatfield 
 were killed and nineteen made prisoners. In regard to both 
 life and property, the loss of this town was greater in i)i-o- 
 portion to population tlian any of the surviving towns in the 
 valley. "From one-third to one-half the houses Avere burnt, 
 and the greater part of their kine, sheep, and horses killed or 
 driven off." 
 
 The story of Benjamin Wait, whose house, situated on the 
 ■west side of Hatfield street, just south of King's Hill, was burnt, 
 and whose family were among the captives taken on the IDth of 
 September, possesses both a local and a public interest ; and as 
 he was the ancestor of many of our families, it should have a 
 place in these annals. At the time of our narrative, he is 
 a young man of about thirty ; his family consisted of his wife 
 Martha, and three little girls, Mary, aged six, ^lartha, four, and 
 Sarah, two. Inured to woodcraft, and familiar with Indian cus- 
 toms, it is not difficult to imagine what was his first im[)ulsc 
 when he reached the ashes of his home, ami learned the fate 
 
34 
 
 of his young wife and l)abes. But he had prudence as well 
 as haste, and wisely, as the event proved, took counsel of his 
 second thoughts. 
 
 But after endnrin^; a month of suspense, Wait, and his friend 
 Stephen Jennings — whose family was also among the captives 
 — determined to ascertain the fate of their friends, and redeem 
 them, if found alive. With a commission from the Governor of 
 Massachusetts, they set out from Hatfield, October 24, to go 
 by way of Wcstfield to Albany,— then the only traveled route to 
 Canada. 
 
 The autiiorities at Albany, who were on friendly terms with 
 the French and their Indian allies, blocked their plans, and, after 
 vexatious detentions, sent them, on a false pretence, to New 
 York. At length, through the intercession of Capt. Brock- 
 hurst, they were sent back to Albany with a pass. It was now 
 the 19th of November; and it was tiie 10th of December before 
 they got on their way. A Frenchman whom they had hired to 
 act as guide was bribed by the Dutch Governor, and deserted 
 tlicm ; and they were forced to engage a Mohawk Indian to con- 
 duct them to Lake George. This savage, who proved true to 
 them, fitted up a canoe, and made a drawing of the lakes by 
 which they were to pass. " They were three days passing the 
 first lakes, and then carrying their canoe two miles over a neck 
 of land, they entered the great lake, which the second day, they 
 hoping to trust to the ice, left their canoe ; but having traveled 
 one day upon the ice they were forced to return back to fetch 
 their canoe, and then went by water till they came to the land, 
 being windbound six days in tlic interim : so as they made it 
 about the first of January, having traveled tluee days Avithout a 
 bit of bread, or any other relief but some raccoon's ficsh, which 
 they had killed in an hollow tree. 
 
 " On the 6th of January they came to Chamblee, a small vil- 
 lage of ten houses belonging to the French, — only by the way 
 they met with a bag of biscuit and a bottle of brandy in an 
 empty wigwam, with which they were not a little refreshed ; and 
 in traveling towards Sorell, fifty miles distant from thence, they 
 came to a lodging of Indians, among whom they found the wife 
 of Jennings."* They found the remainder of the captives at 
 
 * Hubbard's New England. 
 
35 
 
 Sorell, and to his oreat joy, Wait found a little dauglitcr added 
 to his family. He named her Canada.* Unable to secure all 
 the captives without the assistance of the French authorities, 
 they went down to (Quebec. Here they were well entertained 
 by the Governor, who <>ranted their desire, and assigned them a 
 ixuard of eleven soldiers for the iournev to Albany. Thev left 
 Quebec on the I'Jth of A[)ril, and Sorell on the 2d of May, 
 having redeemed all the captives then living. They reached 
 Albany on their return, May 22.- 
 
 From Albany, a messenger Avas sent to Hatfield, with letters, 
 telling of their success and need of assistance. But \\'ait's letter 
 will tell its own story : — - 
 
 Albany, M.vy 2^, ir,78. 
 To my loving Friends and Kindred at llaifield, — 
 
 These few lines are to let you understaml that we are an-ivod at All)any 
 now with the captives, and we now stand in need of assistance, for my 
 charj!;es are very <j;reat and Iieavy ; and therefore any that have any love to 
 our condition, let it move tliem to conK! and lielp us in this strait. Tliree 
 of the captives are mur(h'red, — ohl (ioodman Plymplon, Samuel Foot's 
 daughter, Samuel Russell. All the rest are alive and well and now at 
 Albany, namely, Obadiah Dickinson and his child, Mary Foot and her 
 child, Hannah Jennings and 3 children, Abigail AUis, Abigail Bartholo- 
 mew, Goodman Coleman's children, Samuel Kellogg, m_v wife and four 
 children, and Quintin Stockwell. I pray you hasten the matter, for it 
 requireth great haste. Stay not for the Sabbath, nor shoeing of horses. 
 We shall endeavor to meet you at Kanterhook ; it may be at Ilousatonock. 
 We must come verj- softly because of our wives and cliildren. I pray you, 
 hasten them, stay not night nor day, for the matter requireth haste. 
 Bring provisions with you for us. 
 
 Your loving kinsman, 
 • Bkxj.vmix Waite. 
 
 At Albany, written from mine own hand. As I have been affected to 
 yours all that were fatherless, be affected to me now, and hasten the mat- 
 ter and stay not, and ease me of my charges. You shall not need to be 
 afraid of any enemies. 
 
 After stopping at Albany three days, they started, May 27, 
 and walked twenty-two miles to Kinderhook, where they met 
 
 * Canada Wait m. Joseph Smith, son of the John Smith of Iladley who 
 was slain in Hatfield Meadow, May 30, 1G7G ; she was the grandmother of 
 the late Oliver Smith. 
 
36 
 
 men and horses from Hatfield. They rode through the woods to 
 Westfield, and all reached home safely after an absence of eight 
 months. "The ransom of the captives cost above £200, which 
 was gathered by contribution among the English." 
 
 Copies of this letter and one from Stockwell were carried to 
 Medfield, and thence sent to the Governor and Council at 
 Boston. On their receipt, the following official notice was 
 issued: "Knowing that the labour, hazard, and charge of said 
 Benjamin Wait and his associate have been great, Ave recommend 
 their case with the captives for relief to the pious charity of the 
 elders, ministers, and congregations of the several towns ; that 
 on the fast day [previously appointed] they manifest their charity 
 by contributing to the relief of said persons. And the ministers 
 are desired to stir up the people thereunto. For quickening this 
 w^ork, we do hereby remit a copy of Benjamin Wait's letter to 
 be read publickly, either before or upon that day : and what is 
 freely given is to be remitted to Mr. Anthony Stoddard, INIr. 
 John JoylifF, and JNlr. John Richards, or either of them, who 
 are appointed to deliver and distribute the same for the ends 
 aforesaid." Signed, " Edw. Eawson, Sec'y." 
 
 Wait rebuilt his burnt house ; but it is not strange that he 
 was a changed man. The next few years were years of peace. 
 He reared a family of three hardy boys, in addition to the girls 
 already named. When the news reached Hatfield of the Fi-ench 
 and Indian attack on Deerfield, Feb. 29, 1704, — though near 
 sixty years old, — he was the first to start for her relief. He 
 was killed by a musket ball in the meadow fight of that 
 morning. 
 
 We cannot refrain fi'om saying. All honor to the brave scout 
 and Indian fighter ! His name is not often mentioned among 
 the heroes of those wars : but among them all, — among tjiose 
 who did most for their country's welfare, and stood firmest in the 
 hour of her early peril ; wdio dared, and sufl^ered, and made no 
 boasts, and claimed na ofl&cial distinction ; who oflfered his life 
 in sacrifice for those he loved, — among those whose heroic deeds 
 have made this beautiful valley immortal, no name is brighter, 
 and no one's memory is more worthy to be cherished than that 
 of Benjamin Wait. 
 
37 
 
 Thus did our fatliers receive early tlic hn])tism of Mood, — l)v 
 which they did enter into livino- covenant with Ilim whose 
 was their "life, and breath, and all thinos"; whose Provi- 
 dence was their strength and defence, and whose Grace was 
 their Hope. And thus by a "fiery trial" were they fitted to 
 give vital force to the life, and sha[)e to the character, and firm 
 foundation to the social and religious institutions which arc our 
 favored hei'itage to-day. 
 
CHAPTER IV. 
 
 AN INTERIM OF PEACE, 1678 — 1700. 
 
 Among tlie names of interest, as connected with these annals, 
 added to the list of settlers since our last enumeration, were 
 those of Robert Bai'dwell, who is first introduced to the valley 
 in a military capacity ; Thomas Crafts, a refugee from Deerfield, 
 earlier from Roxbury ; Eleazer Frary of Medfield ; Benjamin 
 Wait; William Scott, probably from Waterbury or Farming- 
 ton, Ct. ; Samuel Marsh, from Hartford ; Samuel Gillet, from 
 Windsor; John Wells, from Stratford, Ct. ; and Dr. Thomas 
 Hastings, from Watertown. 
 
 The wastes of war had been great. With the loss of life and 
 buildings, the neglect of the fields, and the derangement of 
 trade, every thing had been set back. Farm employments had 
 been so difficult and dangerous, that only the necessaries of life 
 had been obtained, — no more had been attempted, — and the 
 brush and wild grasses had made encroachments, and the fences 
 were fallen down. In many respects it was like beginning 
 anew. But though sorely crippled, the settlers seem not to have 
 been disheartened. They set themselves in earnest to repair 
 the waste, and re-establish their homes, and add to their com- 
 forts and conveniences. Apple and quince trees wxre more 
 commonly planted. 
 
 And now, for the first time, houses were built on the "Hill," 
 west of Mill River. 
 
 A larger breadth of land was put in corn and wheat and flax ; 
 barley for malting was more commonly raised. The destruction 
 of their sheep had made a scarcity of wool ; and these agricul-* 
 tural products and malt were needed to meet the increased 
 demand for taxes, and as a medium of exchange for some 
 
39 
 
 foreign luxuries, which now for the first time ap[)e;ir to have 
 been introduced into this part of the valley. 
 
 War always loosens the restraints and vitiates the simpler 
 tastes of home life. It engenders a heedless, arrogant spirit, 
 destructive alike of habits of economy and regard for the rights 
 and feelings of others, and brings into play the more selfish 
 passions. Its maxim is, that " Might makes right," and hence 
 too often, even in wars of necessity and defence, it comes to be 
 an acknowledged principle, that the end sanctifies the means. 
 With the return of peace, there usually comes a period of 
 extravagance and lawlessness. 
 
 The quartering upon our people of so many oflHcers and 
 soldiers from the older settlements, many of them of the 
 wealthier classes, had introduced new social ideas, and awak- 
 ened a desire for dress, and the other accompaniments of rank. 
 These military men were looked upon as their saviors ; and, of 
 course, demanded their gratitude and kind consideration. They 
 gladlv shared with them their homes, and the best })rovisions 
 their straitened circumstances permitted. A petition sent to the 
 General Court by the friends of Kev. Mr. Kussell of Iladley, 
 whose house was the headquarters of the army, gives us some 
 insight into this matter. They say, "The chief gentlemen 
 improved in the aflPairs of the war were entertained there, which 
 called for provisions answerable, and was of the best to be had ; 
 that he had to draw divers barrels of ale, and much wine, and 
 fruit suitable to the company ; and had no more credit for such 
 company by the week or meal than other men [iiad] for ordinary 
 entertainment." Perhaps all could not command for their guests 
 such meats and drinks ; but there is no doubt that all furnished 
 "the best to be had." Very naturally, these officers, es[)ecially 
 the lower grades, who were brought more directly in contact 
 with the people, instilled some of their own feelings and social 
 theories into the minds of the young men and maidens. Very 
 naturally, the latter wanted to a{)[)ear well in the eyes of tlie 
 fcn'mer, and adopted some notions not exactly consistent with 
 their present impoverished condition. Very naturally, they cov- 
 eted the luxuries and copied the fashions prevalent at Boston 
 and IIartfi)rd. A ery naturally, linsey-woolsey had to give place 
 to silks ; and laces and ornaments came to be regarded as essen- 
 
40 
 
 tial to fully set off natural charms, — to the great grief of staid 
 old fathers and mothers, and the offence of the magistrates. 
 
 The laws of the Colony which regulated matters of dress, 
 and ornament, and family expenses, and restrained excesses, 
 have been much criticised, and often held up to ridicule, and 
 sometimes adduced in proof of Puritan intolerance and narrow- 
 mindedness. These early fathers certainly differed greatly in 
 opinion from us. But they differed as greatly in condition ; per- 
 haps, in their circumstances, they were as wise and tolerant as 
 their children. 
 
 To show the grounds and reasons for their sumptuary laws, 
 as understood by themselves, the act " against excesse in appar- 
 rell," passed 14 October, 1(351, is here copied in full : — 
 
 Although severall declarations and orders have bin made by this Courte 
 against excesse in apparrell, both of men and weomen, which have not 
 taken that effect as were to be desired, but, on the contrary, wee cannot 
 but to our greife take notice that intollerable excesse and bravery hath 
 crept in uppon us, and especially amongst people of mean condition, to 
 the dishonnor uf God, the scandall of our profession, the consumption of 
 estates, and altogether unsuiteable to our povertie ; and although we 
 acknowledge it to be a matter of much difficultie, in regard to the blindnes 
 of mens minds and the stubbornes of their willes, to sett downe exact rules 
 to confine all sorts of persons, yett wee cannot but account it our duty to 
 commend unto all sortes of persons the sober and moderate use of those 
 blessings which, beyond expectation, the Lord hatli bin pleased to aifoard 
 unto us in this wilderness, and also to declare our utter detestation and 
 dislike that men or weomen of meane condition should take uppon them 
 the garbe of gentlemen, by wearing gold or silver lace or buttons, or 
 points at their knees, or to walk in greate bootes, or weomen of the same 
 rancke to weare silke or tiffany hoodes or scarfes, which though allowa^e 
 to persons of greater estates, or more liberall education, yett wee cannot 
 but judge it intollerable in persons of such like condition :— itt is therefore 
 ordered by this Courte, and the authority thereof, that no person within 
 this jurisdiction, or any of their relations depending uppon them, whose 
 visible estates, reall and personall, shall not exceede the true and indiffer- 
 ent valevv of two hundred pounds, shall wpar any gold or silver lace, or 
 gold and silver buttons,, or any bone lace above two shillings pr. yard, 
 or silk hoods, or scarfes, uppon the penaltie of tenn shillings for every 
 such offence, and every such delinquent to be presented by the graund 
 jury. 
 
 And forasmuch as distinct and particular rules in this case, suiteable to 
 the estate or qualiitie of each person, cannot easily be given, itt is further 
 ordered by tlie autiioritie aforesaid, tliat tlie selei'tmen of every toune, or 
 the major part of them, are heereby enabled and required Irom tim# to 
 
41 
 
 time to have rcsjaril and take notice of" aiiparrcll in any of tlic inlialiitants 
 of tiieir severall tonnes respectively, and \vliosoe\i r tlicy shall jud^e to 
 exeeede their raneks and al)illities in the eostlines or Ifashion of their 
 a{)i)arrell in any res[)eet, especially in the wearing of rIhl)on.s or great 
 bootes (leather being so scarce a coninioditie in this countrie,) — laee 
 pointes, &c. silke lioods or searfes, the selectmen aforesaid shall have 
 power to assesse such persons so od'cnding in any of the particulars above 
 mentioned, in the country rates, at two hiiiulred pounds estates, according 
 to that propoition that such men use to pay to wiiom sucli apparridi is 
 suiteable and allowed,— provided this lawe shall not extend to the restraint 
 of any magistrate or publicke officer of the jurisdiction, their wives and 
 children, who are left to their discretion in wearing of apparrell, or any 
 settled millitary oflicer or souldier in the time of niillitary service, or 
 any other whose education and imploiments have bin above the oidinary 
 degree, or whose estates have bin considerable, though now dccaied/' 
 
 Under this law, at tlic ]Man-h 'JYtiu of the C()i\rt for llaiii[)- 
 shire County, 107(5, " the jury presented sixty-eight persons, viz. 
 thirty -ci_<>ht wives and nitiids, and thirty youno- men, some for 
 wearing silk and that in a flauntinii' manner, and othei's for Jon<>- 
 hair and other extravaoancies." Joseph Barnard and his wife 
 Sarah, and his sister Sarah, Thomas Crafts, Jonathan A\^ells, 
 and the wife of Thomas Wells, «Jr., " were fined ten shilliniis." 
 
 In September, 1(382, the seleetmen of the five Iviver ti)wns 
 were all " presented " to the Court for " not assessing, according 
 to law," those of the inhabitants of their several towns that 
 "wore silk" and "were excessive in their ap[)arel." 
 
 But the public sentiment had undergone a change. Tlie 
 young man coidd fight the Indians as well as liis father ; and 
 personal courage was a passport to favor; and the yoimg men 
 and young women combined and declared their independence. 
 They — the young women — put on all the silks, and sctirfs, and 
 gold rings they could induce their brothers and betuix to })ur- 
 chase for them, tind defied the law ! (Jf course the l;iw was a 
 dead letter. 
 
 There is another law of the Colony — not often referred to, 
 but important, ;is showing the tem{)er of the times — which I will 
 quote in this connection. It will help explain some of the cus- 
 toms of the early settlers, to be described more fully hereafter. 
 It is the Order of the Coiut of 14 May, KJaO, " recpiiring 
 y'' im[)roovcm(!nt of all hands in spinning": — 
 
42 
 
 This Court, taking into serious consideration the present streiglits and 
 necessities that lye uppon the countrie in respect of cloathing, which is not 
 like to be so plentifully supplied from forraigne parts as in times past, and 
 not knowing any better way and meanes conduceable to our subsistence 
 than the improoveing of as many bands as may be in spining woole, cotton, 
 flax, &c. — 
 
 Itt is therefore ordered by this Court and the aiithoritie thereof, that all 
 hands not necessarily imploide on other occasions, as weomen, girles, and 
 boyes, shall and hereby are enjoyned to spinn according to their skills 
 and abillitie ; and that the selectmen in every toune doe consider the con- 
 dition and capacitie of every family, and accordingly to assesse them at 
 one or more spinners ; and because several families are necessarily iniploied 
 the greatest part of theire time in other busines, yet, if opportunities were 
 attended, some time might be spared at large by some of them for this 
 worke, the said selectmen shall therefore assess such families at half or a 
 quarter of a spinner, according to theire capacities ; Secondly, that every 
 one thus assessed for a whole spiner doe, after this presei\t yeare, 1656, 
 spinn, for thirty weekes every yeare, three pounds pr. weeke of linin, cot- 
 ton, or woollen, and so proportionably for half or quarter spinners, under 
 the ])enaltie of twelve pence ibr every pound short; and the selectmen 
 shall take speciall care for the execution of this order, which may be easily 
 effected, by deviding theire several tounes into tenii, six, five, and to 
 appoint one of the tenn, six, or five to take an account of theire division, 
 and to certifie the selectmen if any arc defective in what they are assessed, 
 who shall improove the aforesaid penalties imposed upon such as are negli- 
 gent, for the encouragement of those that are diligent in their labour. 
 
 This " mind " of tho Court was in force — not latterly as a law, 
 but as a custom — for near one hundred and fifty years. 
 
 As a further illustration of the condition of families in those 
 early times, and the conveniences of housekeeping, and the 
 kind and value of stock and tools upon a good farm, the Inven- 
 tory of Lieut. William Allis, taken Sept. 18, 1(578, is herewith 
 appended : — 
 
 In i)urse and apparrell, ..... 
 
 Arms and ammunition, ..... 
 
 Beds and their furniture, .... 
 
 Napkins and other linen, .... 
 
 Brass and pewter pieces, .... 
 
 Iron utensils, ...... 
 
 Cart and plow irons, chains, stilliards. 
 
 Tables, pitchforks, cushions, sythc. 
 
 Barrels, tubs, trays, ..... 
 
 Woolen and linen yarne, .... 
 
 Several sorts of grain, tlax, . . . 
 
 9 
 
 13 
 
 
 
 6 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 9 
 
 5 
 
 
 
 9 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 5 
 
 10 
 
 
 
 2 
 
 11 
 
 6 
 
 7 
 
 5 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 19 
 
 
 
 3 
 
 9 
 
 6 
 
 
 
 18 
 
 6 
 
 11 
 
 12 
 
 
 
43 
 
 7 
 
 
 
 
 
 . I'O 
 
 
 
 
 
 . 10 
 
 8 
 
 
 
 . 1(10 
 
 
 
 (J 
 
 . lU 
 
 
 
 
 
 . i;;r, 
 
 
 
 
 
 . 20 
 
 
 
 
 
 . 28 
 
 i:; 
 
 
 
 £496 
 
 OG 
 
 6 
 
 2 horses, .... 
 
 3 cows, 2 steers, 2 calves, 1 heifer. 
 Swine and Sliecp, 
 
 Houses and iioine lot, 
 Land in South meadow, . 
 
 " in (Jreat and I>ittle meadow, 
 
 *' " Plain aii<l Swamj), 
 
 " " (iuinej)iake, 
 
 Pastures. — Cows and sheep were pastured on the " Com- 
 mons " lying to the west and northwest of the street. Young 
 stock of all kinds w^as "marked," and turned out to run at large. 
 As soon as the cattle became sufficiently numerous, i.e., about 
 1680, a cow-herd was employed. An agreement is recorded by 
 which a man engaged to keep the town lierd from early in May 
 to Sept. 2d, for twelve shillings a week, payable in grain. lie 
 was to start the herd in the morning by the time the sun was an 
 hour higli, take them to good feed, watch them, and l)ring them 
 in seasonably at night. The date, Sept. 21), is named, because 
 this was the time when all crops on tlie intervals were required 
 to be gathered, and after which the proprietors pastured the 
 cows in their enclosed fields until the snow fell. The care taken 
 that none should be deprived of religious ordinances, is evinced 
 in the vote of the town requiring every owner of cows or sheep 
 to take his turn in tending tlie herd on the Sabbath, — thus giv- 
 ing the cowlierd or sheplierd an ecjual share in the rest and 
 privileges of lioly time. Hatfield had two hundred and seventy- 
 three sheep in 1691. 
 
 By a law of the Colony, a dog that bit or killed sheep was to 
 be hanged. Usually, the guilty dog was taken to the woods, a 
 leaning staddle was bent down, and a cord was fastened to 
 the top andto the dog's neck ; the elastic sapling then sprung 
 back, with the dog dangling in the air. Sometimes both cats 
 and dogs were hanged at the short end of the well-swipe.* 
 
 Basiian. — About this time, probably in 1682, the meadows 
 lying north of Great Meadow were divided, and allotted among 
 
 • Sylvester Judd, Esq. 
 
u 
 
 the inhabitants. No doubt the planters and mowers, as they 
 worked close up to Little Pond, had often looked'wishfully over 
 the ridge to the goodly and fruitful land beyond. No wonder, 
 as they saw its noble oaks and walnuts, and its fat pasturage, 
 they named it "Bashan." Like the other meadows, this tract 
 was first divided into two parts, now known as Old Farms 
 and West Farms ; and each of the then fifty-eight proprietors 
 received a lot in both parts. Three or four houses were built on 
 Bashan near this date. The cellar holes of two of these houses, 
 and stones used for the chimneys, may now, or could till recently, 
 be seen on land of R. H. Belden, Esq. One of these houses 
 was "fortified," as appears from the records of 1695. But owing 
 to their great distance from the village, and the difficulty of 
 getting to and fro, especially during the spring freshets, and 
 their exposure to Indian assaults, they were abandoned for a 
 time, pei'haps permanently, about the time of the breaking out 
 of the war of 1703. When David Graves built in the Straits, 
 thirty years later, some of the timbers from one of these Bashan 
 houses was transferred and used in part as the frame of his 
 dwelling house (the old Stockbridge Tavern). Possibly the 
 Bashan settlement was not finally abandoned till about 1728. 
 
 The Four Divisions of Commons.— Up to 1083 only a 
 small portion of the lands in Hatfield township had been dis- 
 tributed among the inhabitants. All the River meadows north 
 of Bashan; and all the uplands west of the "Hill" and the 
 Straits road, were lying common, and used for general pas- 
 turage. But now these upland Commons were divided, and 
 ap[)ortioned among the settlers. 
 
 Oct. 21, 1684. — "The town hath agreed to divide the Com- 
 mons in the town (except what is reserved for home lots, sheep 
 pastures, etc.) to every inhabitant, according to his present val- 
 uation of estates ; and the said Commons shall be laid out in 
 Four Divisions, — the first to begin upon the plain behind tiie 
 iSIill, and end at the northerly line of the upijcrmost lot laid out 
 in ^lill river Swamp : The second to begin at the north side of 
 the uppermost lot in the INIill river Swamp, and end at the 
 north side of the town bounds : The Third Division to begin at 
 the nortiiwest side of the highway that goeth towards Northamp- 
 
45 
 
 ton, and from tlic liill coininonly called Sandy ITill, and end at 
 the risiniT u\^ vi' the side of the hill called the Chestnut Moun- 
 tain : The Fourth Division to beii,in where the Third division 
 endeth, and to end at the outside of the town bounds." 
 
 As will appear from this vote, the whole territory lyini^ west 
 of the liiver meadows was marked off into two parallelograms, 
 one embracing the land between the said River meadows * and 
 Chestnut-j)lain road, and the other the tract west of this road. 
 These main divisions were then cut by an east and west line, 
 running nearly parallel to though not coincident with the present 
 south line of AVhately. The whole of the second and fourth, 
 and nine lots in the third, divisions, lay in Whately. 
 
 Each Ilatlield inhabitant then holding real and ratable estate, 
 s-ixty-nine in number, received a lot in each of the four divisions. 
 The principle of distribution, i.e., the size of each man's lots, was 
 "according to the present valuation of estates." This, of course, 
 made great diversity in the size of the lots. The allotment thus 
 made in 1()84 was confirmed in 171G, and re-confirmcd in 1735. 
 
 As the second and fourth of these divisions comprised the 
 lands which now constitute nearly the whole of the town of 
 Wliately, the names of the original grantees, with the munber 
 and width of each man's lot, must be a matter of historic interest 
 and value, and the record is herewith presented : — 
 
 A List of the Second Division of Commons, as they were laid and staked 
 out April 25, 1716. — This Division of Lots runs West and by North, 
 East and by South, abuttincj on an highway on the West side of the Mill 
 River Stcamp westerly ; and part against a great bank by the Wet 
 Swamp, p)(i^'i against the Farms, and part against the great River 
 easterly : — 
 
 No. 
 
 1 Daniel White 
 
 2 Step. Tailor's heirs 
 
 3 Walter Ilixon 
 
 4 Samuel Gun 
 
 5 John Smith's heirs 
 
 6 Widow Graves 
 
 7 Tho's Hastings 
 
 * The easterly boundary of the Second Division was a voiv irregular 
 one. For a distance, it run on the bank west of Ilopcwcil ; then on tiie west 
 line of the Bradstrcet Farm; and from the norlli line of this farm to the 
 Deerfield line it touched the Connecticnt River. 
 
 Width -R. 
 
 ft. 
 
 No. 
 
 Wi,]th-R 
 
 ft. 
 
 32 
 
 10 
 
 8 Samuel AUis 
 
 21 
 
 7 
 
 3 
 
 8 
 
 9 Mr. Chaunecy 
 
 7 
 
 1.5 
 
 n 9 
 
 6 
 
 10 Richard Morton . 
 
 31 
 
 10 
 
 G 
 
 4 
 
 11 He/.. Dickinson 
 
 9 
 
 MA 
 
 4 
 
 10 
 
 12 Benj. Wait . 
 
 22 
 
 •124 
 
 11 
 
 3 
 
 13 Eclvvard Church . 
 
 . 28 
 
 u 
 
 9 
 
 l4i 
 
 14 William King 
 
 6 
 
 4 
 
46 
 
 No. Width 
 
 15 John Allis 
 
 16 Samuel Kellogg 
 
 17 Mart. Kellogg 
 IS Joseph Belknap 
 
 19 John Wells . 
 
 20 Samuel Marsh 
 
 21 John C<iles . 
 
 22 Sara'l Diekinson 
 
 23 Philip Russell 
 
 24 Town Lot 
 
 25 Ephraim Beers 
 
 26 Robert Poage 
 
 27 Sam'l Graves, Jr. 
 
 28 Tho's Meekins, Jr. heirs 
 
 29 Daniel Belding 
 
 30 Robert Bardwell 
 
 31 Sam'l Partridge 
 
 32 Benj. Hastings 
 
 33 Step. Belding 
 
 34 Samuel Wells 
 
 35 Samuel Field 
 
 36 John Coleman 
 A Highway . 
 
 37 Tho's Bracy . 
 
 38 Isaac Graves 
 
 39 Sam'l Belding, Sc 
 
 40 Wm. Scott . 
 
 41 Joseph Field 
 
 42 Sam'l Foot . 
 
 43 Nath'l Dickinson, Jr 
 
 -R. 
 
 ft. 
 
 No. 
 
 52 
 
 io.i 
 
 44 
 
 18 
 
 4 
 
 45 
 
 6 
 
 4 
 
 46 
 
 25 
 
 11-i 
 
 47 
 
 26 
 
 11 
 
 48 
 
 11 
 
 9 
 
 4 9 
 
 36 
 
 9 
 
 50 
 
 32 
 
 10 
 
 51 
 
 21 
 
 12 
 
 52 
 
 7 
 
 15 
 
 53 
 
 7 
 
 15 
 
 54 
 
 5 
 
 4 
 
 
 8 
 
 14i 
 
 bo 
 
 7 
 
 9i 
 
 56 
 
 14 
 
 8 
 
 57 
 
 10 
 
 9 
 
 58 
 
 10 
 
 14i 
 
 59 
 
 10 
 
 14i 
 
 60 
 
 14 
 
 134 
 
 61 
 
 10 
 
 9 
 
 62 
 
 12 
 
 H 
 
 63 
 
 36 
 
 - 
 
 64 
 
 10 
 
 - 
 
 65 
 
 5 
 
 15.i 
 
 66 
 
 15 
 
 7 
 
 67 
 
 32 
 
 5i 
 
 68 
 
 14 
 
 Vih. 
 
 69 
 
 10 
 
 3 
 
 70 
 
 12 
 
 14 
 
 
 17 
 
 3i 
 
 
 Width - 
 Sam'l Carter 
 Sam'l Gailor 
 Widow Fellows 
 Sam'l Billings' heirs 
 William (juU 
 Tho's Meekins, Sen. 
 Sam'l Gillet's heirs 
 John Steel 
 Joseph Bodman . 
 John Graves 
 Tho's Wells' heirs, add 
 
 to Noah W. 
 John Field . 
 Tho's Loomis 
 John Hubbard 
 
 Step. Geiinings 
 
 Sam'l Belding, Jr. 
 
 Sam'l Graves, Sen. 
 
 John White . 
 
 William Arms 
 
 Noah Wells . 
 
 Mr. Atherton's heirs 
 
 Oba, Dickinson 
 
 Benj. Barrit . 
 
 Daniel Warner 
 
 Eleazar Frary 
 
 Nath'l Dickinson, Sen. 
 
 An overplus granted to 
 Mr. Williams. 
 
 -R. 
 
 ft. 
 
 5 
 
 4 
 
 25 
 
 Hi 
 
 13 
 
 3i 
 
 6 
 
 10 
 
 28 
 
 15i 
 
 14 
 
 13.i 
 
 6 
 
 4 
 
 6 
 
 4 
 
 6 
 
 4 
 
 10 
 
 6 
 
 13 
 
 
 11 
 
 - 
 
 11 
 
 - 
 
 9 
 
 - 
 
 17 
 
 - 
 
 10 
 
 - 
 
 10 
 
 _ 
 
 7 
 
 4 
 
 23 
 
 10 
 
 24 
 
 The Fourth Division of Commons. Laid out April 29, 1716. This 
 Division runs East and West, hounded on an Highway ten rods tcide, 
 laid out next the Mill River Stvamp, East; and on the end of the six 
 Mile from great River, West. This Division runs ninety-one rods beyond 
 the Roaring Brook, where was set up a long square stone, and a Bass 
 tree marked with six Splashes. 
 
 No. Wid 
 1 Joseph Field 
 
 th— R. 
 10 
 
 ft. 
 5 
 
 No. Wid 
 12 Sam'l Wells . 
 
 ih-R. ft. 
 10 11 
 
 2 Widow Graves 
 
 11 
 
 5 
 
 13 Daniel*VVhite 
 
 33 - 
 
 3 Sam'l Foot . 
 
 13 
 
 - 
 
 14 John Smith's heirs 
 
 4 11 
 
 4 William Arms 
 
 8 
 
 14 
 
 15 John Field . 
 
 14 - 
 
 5 Step. Belding 
 
 15 
 
 - 
 
 16 Widow Fellows 
 
 13 5 
 
 6 Robert Bardwell . 
 
 10 
 
 11 
 
 17 John Steel 
 
 6 5 
 
 7 Sam'l Allis . 
 
 24 
 
 11 
 
 18 Edw. Church 
 
 29 - 
 
 8 Sam'l Dickinson 
 
 33 
 
 - 
 
 19 Nath'l Dickinson, Son. 
 
 25 - 
 
 9 Mr. Atherton 
 
 9 
 
 - 
 
 20 Daniel Warner 
 
 23 10 
 
 10 John Coleman 
 
 37 
 
 - 
 
 21 Eleazer Frary 
 
 16 5 
 
 11 Hez. Dickinson 
 
 10 
 
 2 
 
 22 Sam'l Gailor . 
 
 26 - 
 
47 
 
 No. W 
 
 23 John Cowlcs . 
 
 24 Williiim Kin<j 
 2o Saiii'l (JilU t's licirs 
 2f! John Ilubhard 
 
 An lii^hway . 
 
 27 John Wliite . 
 
 28 Sain'l JJclding, Jr. . 
 
 29 Sam'l Field . 
 
 30 Sam'l Belding, Sen. 
 
 31 Ephraini Beers 
 
 32 Dan'l Belding 
 
 33 William Gull 
 
 34 Sam'l Carter . 
 
 35 Step. Tailor's heirs 
 
 36 Tho'sWells add. toNoah 
 
 Wells. 
 
 37 Sam'l Partridge 
 
 38 Tho's Loomis 
 
 39 Sam'l Kellogg 
 
 40 Oba. Dickinson 
 
 41 Tho's Meekins, Sen. heirs 
 
 42 Richard Morton 
 
 43 Mr. Chauncey 
 
 44 Kobert Poage 
 
 45 John AUis 
 
 46 Samuel Gun . 
 
 ulth-R. 
 
 ft. 
 
 . 37 
 
 - 
 
 6 
 
 5 
 
 « 
 
 8 
 
 11 
 
 4 
 
 10 
 
 - 
 
 10 
 
 3 
 
 18 
 
 3 
 
 12 
 
 11 
 
 32 
 
 12 
 
 8 
 
 - 
 
 14 
 
 11 
 
 29 
 
 5 
 
 5 
 
 5 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 5 
 
 . 11 
 
 
 11 
 
 6 
 
 18 
 
 8 
 
 . 10 
 
 - 
 
 rs 15 
 
 - 
 
 . 32 
 
 - 
 
 8 
 
 - 
 
 5 
 
 5 
 
 . 53 
 
 5 
 
 6 
 
 5 
 
 No. 
 
 47 Sam'l Graves, Sen, 
 
 48 Martin Kelloijg 
 
 49 Tho's Mi-ekin's heir? 
 
 Set off to the West. 
 
 50 Isaac Graves . 
 
 51 Benj. Barrit . 
 
 52 Tho's Bracy . 
 
 53 Town Lot 
 
 54 Benj. Hastings 
 
 55 Sam'l Graves, Jr 
 
 56 Joseph ]?odman 
 
 57 Sam'l Billings' heirs 
 
 58 John Graves . 
 
 59 Joseph Belknap 
 
 60 Sam'l Marsh . 
 
 61 Philip llussell 
 
 62 Noah Wells . 
 
 63 Tho's Hastings 
 Set off to the ^Vest on top of 
 
 64 Walter Ilixon 
 
 65 Step. Genings 
 
 66 Benj. Wait 
 
 67 Nath'l Dickinson, Jr 
 
 68 John Wells . 
 
 69 William Scott 
 
 AVi.uii-n. 
 
 ft. 
 
 10 
 
 3 
 
 6 
 
 5 
 
 8 
 
 3 
 
 15 10 
 
 5 
 
 8 
 8 
 
 11 
 
 3 
 
 10 
 
 Hill. 
 
 9 
 
 9 
 
 23 
 
 7 
 27 
 15 
 
 In addition to the second and fourth divisions, nine lot.s, num- 
 bered from sixty-one to sixty-nine, in the third division of 
 Commons, were in Whately, assiirned to Samuel Gun, Edward 
 Church, "Benjamin Hastings, Widow Fellows, Richard Morton, 
 Nathaniel Dickinson, Jr., John Coleman, Samuel Billings's 
 heirs, Benjamin Wait. The width of these nine lots, in the 
 aggregate, was one hundred and fifty-four rods. 
 
 The "Three Miles Addition," now the town of Williamsl)urg, 
 though granted by the General Court in lGi)5, was not divided 
 and allotted to the inhabitants till 1740. 
 
 The grant of eight thousand and sixty-four acres known as 
 the " Hatfield Equivalent," adjacent to Huntstoivn (situated in the 
 present town of Hawley), was allotted in 1744. The tract was 
 apportioned into two parts ; and each proprietor, eighty-three in 
 number, received a lot in each part. 
 
48 
 
 Roads. — The location of the public (in distinction from the 
 proprietors' ) roads properly deserves attention in connection Avith 
 the division of Commons, as both were parts of a common plan. 
 Taken tof^ether, the system devised was at once simple and con- 
 venient, giving- each land owner the readiest access to his several 
 lots. The general Y>]ax\ was, roads running nearly parallel with 
 the river, at about a mile distant from each other, intersected at 
 nearly right angles by cross roads, at convenient distances. All 
 these highways were originally ten rods wide. 
 
 The "base line" of all the roads was the "Straits," which 
 followed nearly the Indian trail from Umpanchala's Fort to 
 Pocumtuck. This was, practically, the dividing line between 
 the meadows, on tlie one hand, and the Commons on the other. 
 It was very early accepted as a county road. 
 
 The next, in importance if not in time, was the road over 
 Ciiestnut Phiin. AVhen tlie Commons were first marked off into 
 two parallel divisions in 1684, a space ten rods wide was left 
 between them unappropriated, to be used when occasion should 
 require. This is recognized as a road in the records of April, 
 1710. The vote of the town laying a public highway here bears 
 date 1756, though several houses had been built on the line some 
 years earlier. And, what is worthy of note, this highway was 
 not surveyed and definitely located till it was done by Whately, 
 in May, 1776. 
 
 Probably the Po[)lar hill road, the road from Spruce hill south 
 over Chestnut moimtain, and the Claverack road, were designated 
 early, but no vote laying them out as highways, has been found 
 on Hatfield Records. The highway from Deerfield line by 
 Abraham Parker's (previously a "close road," with bars,) to the 
 Bradstreet Proprietors' highway, near R. T. Morton's corner, 
 was laid out in 1756; and, at the same time, the said j)roprie- 
 tor's highway was accepted as a public road. This run origi- 
 nally south of the cemetery, and struck the " Straits " below the 
 John Wait place. In 1755, a road was laid from the Straits 
 eastwardly " by Ebenezer Morton's," tt) the road dividing Old 
 Farms and West Farms, thence to Denison's Farm. Consid- 
 erably earlier than this, a path had been marked out and trav- 
 eled, from the Straits, 'near " Mother George," northwesterly, 
 through "Egypt," to Chestnut plain. This had several- branches. 
 
49 
 
 one of which was the "Conway path," used by the emigrants 
 from the Cape, in 1763. This was the only feasible road for 
 teams, between the east part and the centre of Whately, till 
 near the time of its incorporation. The road now known as 
 " Christian Lane," was originally a reserved lot in the Second 
 Division of Commons, and was only a bridle path, or at best a 
 log causeway, for many years. 
 
 Private roads — or proprietors' highways — all of which had 
 bars or gates, were laid when needed. Such was the path from 
 Hatfield Street to Great INfeadows ; and later, to Bashan ; 
 and later still, continued northerly through Denison's Farm, 
 by the " Old Orchard." Such, also, was the road from the 
 county road near " Mother George," to " Hopewell " ; and 
 another, further north, from Benjamin Scott's to near Joshua 
 Beldin's. 
 
 But to return to our narrative. The tide of settlement which 
 started northwai'd into Bashan in 1682, was arrested by the 
 breaking out of King William's War in 1688. 
 
 Taught by past experience, the Hatfield settlers had not neg- 
 lected preparations for a possible renewal of hostilities. They 
 had extended the lines of palisades so that they reached two 
 hundred and twenty-nine rods on one side, and two hundred and 
 forty-six rods on the other, enclosing the greatest part of the 
 village. The house of Mr. Williams was "fortified," as were 
 three houses on the Hill, and one at the Farms. 
 
 "Watches " were set at night, and " warders," or day watch- 
 ers were employed, from May 1st to the time of " the fall of 
 the leaves," — the Indians as a rule, making their attacks while 
 the leaves were on the trees, for better concealment, or in the 
 dead of winter ; and a " guard " was always stationed in or 
 near the meeting-house upon Lord's days, and lecture days, 
 and public meeting days. 
 
 All males from sixteen to sixty, except those exempted by 
 law, were required to train four days in a year. 
 
 But now for a time, stricter watches, and wards, and almost 
 daily scouting were kept up ; and though there were no imj)ortant 
 battles in the neighborhood, small skulking parties of Indians 
 kept the people on the alert. As early as 1687, Hatfield had a 
 
50 
 
 full militia company of sixty-four men. John Allis was the first 
 captain. In 1690, Hatfield had eighty soldiers. 
 
 To understand the care and cost of these military precautions, 
 it may be stated, that at this time the pay of a private soldier 
 ■was six shillings per week ; drummer and corporal, seven shil- 
 lings ; clerk and sergeant, nine shillings ; ensign, twelve shil- 
 lings ; lieutenant, fifteen shillings; captain, thirty shillings; the 
 pay of mounted men, and most of the scouting was performed 
 by troopers, was twenty-five per cent, higher. For subsistence, 
 the price of board for soldiers on the march was eight pence per 
 day, soldiers in garrison, three shillings and six pence per week. 
 Many were billeted in fiimilies, and fared the same as their hosts. 
 The ordinary rations were pork or beef, bread or dry biscuit, 
 and peas. When on expeditions, they often carried the Indian 
 food called Nocake, i.e., Indian corn parched and beaten into 
 meal. Sometimes, rum, sugar, pipes, and tobacco were fur- 
 nished the troops. When horses were fed at grass, the price per 
 full day was three pence ; at hay and provender, six pence. 
 
 Sept. 16, 1696, the Indians came suddenly upon Deerfield 
 Village and took Daniel Belding and two children, Nathaniel 
 and Esther, killed his wife Elizabeth and three children, Daniel, 
 John, and Thankful, and wounded Samuel and Abigail, who 
 recovered, though Samuel's skull was fractured. The remaining 
 children hid among some tobacco which had been hung to dry 
 in the attic, and were not discovered. 
 
 The middle of July, 1698, four Indians came into the upper 
 part of North Meadow, where men and boys were hilling corn, 
 and killed John Billings, aged twenty-four, and Nathaniel Dick- 
 inson, Jr., thirteen, and took Samuel Dickinson, aged eleven, 
 and a lad named Charley. They shot at Nathaniel Dickinson, 
 Sen., and killed his horse, but he escaped. 
 
 This war lasted ten years. 
 
 Taxes. — The burden of taxation, on account of the Indian 
 wars, was heavy on the young settlement. The " Country 
 Rates " — nearly the same as our State taxes — assessed on the 
 estates and polls of Hatfield, for the three years, 1675, '76, and 
 '77, amounted to £117. In 1692 this tax was £184. A part 
 of this was payable in grain, and part was a money tax. The 
 
51 
 
 latter was regarded as especially severe; for, aceordini!; to a 
 statement in a petition sent to tlie Government, "not one in ten 
 of the inhabitants of the county have any income of money in 
 any manner," In a like petition, Hatfield said, " Money is not 
 to be had here.'' In one oi two instances the Court agreed to 
 eomi)ound the nioney rates, by receiving "corn at two-thirds the 
 country pay prices." Sometimes a respite or abateujcnt was 
 granted. "In arts'" to them of Hattfeild, it is ordered, that 
 the rates of those of that toune who have bin impoverished by the 
 late cruelty of the innemy burning doune their habitations, shall 
 be respitted and left in their hands untill the Court shall give 
 further order therein." [Colony Hec, 30 Oct., 1()77.] 
 
 A single "country rate" was an assessment of one shilling and 
 eight ))ence on males over sixteen years old, and one penny per 
 pound on real and personal estate. Once only, a tax was levied 
 on females. In June, IGU'), it was ordered, that single women 
 ■who earn a livelihood should pay two shillings each, — being one 
 half as much as the poll tax oi' males for that year. 
 
 The prices at which " country pay " was receivable for taxes 
 were from time to time fixed by law. "Oct. 15, 1G50. — Itt is 
 ordered by this Courte,.that all sortes of corn shall be paid into 
 the country rate at these prizes following, viz : wheate and bar- 
 ley at five shillings pr. bushell ; rye and pease at four shillings ; 
 Indian at three shillings, marchantable." 
 
 The payment of the Piovince tax of Hatfield in time of war 
 required no transportation. This being a frontier town, sol- 
 diers were constantly quartered upon tlie inhabitants, who were 
 expected to charge the sti[)ulated j)rice for subsistence, etc. ; and 
 this amounted to a much larger sum than the town tax. The 
 charges allowed Hatfield, up to May 1, 1G76, for feeding men 
 and horses, and supplies for various expeditions, footed i.p £76S. 
 In October, 1(580, there was still due the town on these war 
 charges, £400. This was fully paid by the Government before 
 1G84. 
 
 Besides the country rate, there was a county rate, — payable 
 like the former, and at the same prices, in grain ; the minister's 
 rate, payable in grain at town prices (which were lower than 
 country prices) ; the town rate, to discharge town debts ; and 
 various others of special character, such as scholars' rates, herds- 
 
52 
 
 men's, and shepherds' rates, bridge rales, etc. When a rate was 
 duly assessed by the rate-makers, the list and the whole matter 
 of adjustment was put in the hands of the constable, who settled 
 with each individual, and carried the balance (of grain) due to 
 whomsoever was entitled to receive it. 
 
 To show how accounts with the town were balanced, some 
 examples, copied from the constable's book, are subjoined : — 
 
 Hatfield, January 20, 1695. 
 
 Ensign Frary 
 
 To goeing to y® Bay deputy 29 days 
 ditto, goeing to y^ Bay 10 days at 3*. 
 ditto, goeing to y"" Bay 20 days at 3s. 
 more writeings at money 
 To Keeping y^ Bull one winter 
 To Assessing 3 days at 2/6 
 
 By his Money Rate .... 
 
 By his Corne Rate ..... 
 
 By Deacon Church 3/11 : Wid. Russell, pay. 2/6 
 
 By Rich. Morton 11/9 . 
 
 By Noah Wells 13/7 : p<' in money £3 5 3 
 
 By John Wells 6/2 : Wid. Warner 3/9 ? 
 
 By money paid him at £1 4 9 S ' 
 
 By money paid him at . 
 
 By payment by Serg' Belding 
 
 By Stephen Belding, Constable 
 
 Thomas Nash 
 
 To burneing woods 2 days 4s. 
 
 To goeing out with y« Committee 1/6 
 
 By his Corne Rate 3/8 : Sam' Partrigg 1/10 . 
 
 Deacon Coleman 
 
 To assessing 4 days 10/ : allowance for a trooper id. 
 By Noah a Trooper 4d. : Part of his town Rate 10/ 
 
 Samuel Graves, Drummer, 
 
 To his Sallery for 1C95 £1. : Sam' 
 
 By his Corn Rate 4/4 : Isaac Graves 7/ . 
 
 By his Money Rate 2/7 : Serg' Belding 6/7 
 
 4 
 
 07 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 10 
 
 
 
 3 
 
 00 
 
 
 
 
 
 08 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 05 
 
 6 
 
 £10 
 
 10 
 
 6 
 
 
 
 04 
 
 11 
 
 
 
 08 
 
 3 
 
 
 
 06 
 
 5 
 
 
 
 11 
 
 9 
 
 3 
 
 18 
 
 10 
 
 1 
 
 14 
 
 8 
 
 1 
 
 08 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 00 
 
 3 
 
 
 
 17 
 
 5 
 
 £10 
 
 10 
 
 6 
 
 £0 
 
 05 
 
 6 
 
 £0 
 
 05 
 
 6 
 
 £0 
 
 10 
 
 4 
 
 £0 
 
 10 
 
 4 
 
 ȣ1 
 
 00 
 
 6 
 
 
 
 11 
 
 4 
 
 
 
 9 
 
 2 
 
 £1 00 6 
 
53 
 
 Doctor Hastings 
 
 To make up his Salary £12 18 6 ; one Trooper 3d 
 
 By Sergeant Hubbirt .... 
 
 By D. Church 2/9 ; B. Hastings 2/9 
 
 By Dea. Coleman 2/5 : Doctor's Rate 2/6 
 
 By Joseph Field 3/11 ; Steph. Taylor 1/9 
 
 By Sam. Billing 5/(3 ; D. Coleman 3/8 . 
 
 By Serg' Wait'C/ll ; Jona. Smith 6/2 . 
 
 By Jno. Cowls 185. : No. Wells 6/2 : Lt. Wait 2/7 
 
 By S. Kellogg Jr. 2/11 ; W" Gull 3/10 
 
 By Nath. Foote 2/1 ; Jno. Field 13/9 . 
 
 By p'' to y" Doct"^ by several . 
 
 By p'' to y" Docf by several . 
 
 £12 
 
 18 
 
 9 
 
 
 
 08 
 
 
 
 
 
 05 
 
 6 
 
 
 
 Oi 
 
 11 
 
 
 
 05 
 
 8 
 
 
 
 09 
 
 2 
 
 
 
 13 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 07 
 
 3 
 
 
 
 06 
 
 9 
 
 
 
 15 
 
 10 
 
 4 
 
 16 
 
 2 
 
 3 
 
 06 
 
 5 
 
 £12 
 
 18 
 
 9 
 
CHAPTER V. 
 
 SETTLEMENT OF THE NORTH PART OF HATFIELD. 
 
 One reason why the north part of Hatfield remained so long 
 unsettled is already apparent. The Whately jjlains, Mill-river 
 Swamp, and Hopewell were favorite hunting grounds for the 
 Indians. Bears, deer, and wild turkeys, as well as smaller 
 game, were plenty ; and fur-bearing animals abounded in the 
 brooks.* And till 1697, eight or ten families of red men, known 
 as Albany Indians, but perhaps a mixed remnant of the Norwot- 
 tucks, continued to come yearly to Hopewell ; and in one or two 
 instances they remained through the winter. One of their camp- 
 ing grounds was on land now owned by Stephen Belden, Esq. 
 They roamed the woods at will, and often came to the village to 
 beg or barter. They were commonly considered peaceful, though 
 they were distrusted, and sometimes watched. 
 
 Two years before, in 1G95, a party of these Indians, while 
 hunting near Ashuelot, were attacked, and eight or nine of them 
 killed. The English charged the assault upon hostile Indians, 
 but the tribe charged it upon the English. From this date, these 
 visitors became more unwelcome, and some restrictive measures 
 were adopted. The number of Indians in the Hopewell Camp 
 at this time was twelve men, nine squaws, and twenty-three 
 children. Early in October, 1696, four of them, while on a 
 hunting excursion on the east side of the river, shot Richard 
 Church, out of revenge for some real or supposed insult received 
 from Iladley men. The murderers were tracked, captured, 
 identified, tried, convicted, and sentenced; and two of them, 
 Mowenas and Moquolas, were "shot to death " at Northampton. 
 This murder led to the disarming of all the Indians then resident 
 
 * Both deer and bears were found here till 1750 ; and wild turkeys were 
 
 not uncommon in 171)5. 
 
 (54) 
 
55 
 
 in tlie iimnodiato nein;liI)(irhoo(l, and to such stringent measures 
 as induced thcni to f|uit tlic valley the next sprinr"". 
 
 Another reason which had an influence to discourao-e settle- 
 ment here was, that plain lands, such as the tract lying next 
 west of the river bottoms, were considered worthless for all pur- 
 poses except for wood and pasturage. 
 
 But another, and of itself sufficient reason, was, that Hatfield 
 did not own the intervals north of Bashan, except a narrow strip 
 near the Deerfield line. The Indian deed covered the whole 
 territory ; but this conveyed a doubtful title as against the right 
 of eminent domain vested in the Government ; and in the act of 
 incorporation there was the condition " reserving proprieties 
 formerly granted to any person." 
 
 For the first forty years, the Colonial Government was accus- 
 tomed to give away lands in large tracts to individuals of hio-h 
 civil and ecclesiastical rank, often as an acknowledirment of, 
 rather than in payment for, services rendered the Colony ; thoufrh 
 in some cases it was in settlement of claims. These individual 
 grants were often made arbitrarily, with little regard to town 
 lines, or even existing town grants. Sometimes the General 
 Court made grants, leaving the location optional to the grantee. 
 Hence a clause was usually inserted in township grants, "reserv- 
 ing proprieties formerly granted to any person." Most com- 
 monly, the grantee had a choice in the selection, and conuuonly 
 chose the moat valuable lands. 
 
 As an instance of the careless way in which the General Court 
 disposed of territory, the following may be cited : A grant of 
 eight thousand acres Avas made to Dedham in 1665, and laid out 
 at Pocumtuck. But when Hatfield was incorporated, five years 
 later, its north line was placed " six miles from Northampton 
 north line," — to conform to the line specified in the Indian deed, 
 — which carried said line over into the eight thousand acre grant 
 one and three-quarter miles. The duplication was of course 
 unintentional ; and was remedied by granting the Dedham pro- 
 prietors an equivalent lying northwardly of their first surveyed 
 tract. 
 
 Bradstreet's Grant axd Denison's Graxt. — In 16,59, 
 about the time the township of Hadley was allowed to the pcti- 
 
56 
 
 tioners from Connecticut, a grant of five hundred acres was 
 made to Mr. Simon Bradstreet, one of the magistrates, and 
 afterwards Governor of the Colony, and five hundred acres to 
 Maj.-Gen. Daniel Denison ; and they had liberty to locate these 
 lands " at any place on the west side of the Connecticut River, 
 provided it be full six miles from the place intended for North- 
 ampton meeting-house, upon a straight line." Bradstreet, who 
 had the first choice, took his five hundred acres in Hatfield North 
 Meadow, and Denison took his north of Bashan. Denison's 
 Farm run one mile north and south on the river, and west two 
 hundred and fifty rods. 
 
 As the North meadow included near one-fourth part of the 
 valuable interval granted to Hadley, and was not " six miles 
 from Northampton meeting-house," the town petitioned to have 
 Bradstreet's grant vacated ; but without avail. After a five 
 years' struggle, the town, out of justice to the west side pro- 
 prietors, was obliged to purchase of Mr. Bradstreet the North 
 meadow, for which he exacted £200, and one thousand acres of 
 land elsewhere. "In answer to the petition of Samuel Smith, 
 for and on the behalfe of the toune of Iladley, the Courte judg- 
 eth it mecte to grant the thousand acres of land mentioned in 
 their petition, next to Maj.-Gen. Denison's land, to the toune of 
 Hadley, on condition that they make agreement with the wor- 
 shipful Mr. Bradstreete for the five hundred acres, lying within 
 the bounds of their said toune. 18 May, 1664." This trans- 
 action is proof that Hadley did not claim a right to the lands 
 northerly from Bashan. The exchange was effected on the 
 terms proposed, and Mr. Bradstreet took possession of one 
 thousand acres lying north of Denison's Grant ; and these two 
 grants covered the major part of the valuable meadows now 
 within the limits of Whately. 
 
 From this act of the Court, it would appear that Denison's 
 and Bradstreet's farms adjoined, though Bradstreet's west line 
 was one mile from the river, while Denison's was only two 
 hundred and fifty rods. Bradstreet's north line was the upper 
 side of the wood lot lying northward of the Elijah Allis farm ; 
 his west line was a little to the westward of the Straits road. His 
 length on the river was one and a half miles. 
 
 Gen. Denison died in 1682 ; and some years after his farm is 
 
57 
 
 found in possession of — probably by purchase — John Field, Wil- 
 liam Arms, Kobert Bardwcll, Daniel Warner, Samuel Field, 
 Samuel Gunn, Joseph Field, and Andrew Warner, who, with 
 their successors, held and managed it as joint proprietors till 
 after 1735. 
 
 Gov. Bradstreet died in 1G97. His farm, like Denison's, was 
 purchased and held in joint j)r()prietorship, though each owner 
 had his specified lots. It appears from the proprietors' records, 
 that this farm was first divided into two parts, the northern part 
 known as "the Upper ]\Iile," the southern part known as "the 
 Half-mile in Hopewell." Each of these was cut in halves by a 
 north and south line, running probably near where the present 
 river road runs. In 1719 the names of proprietors and order of 
 ownership were as follows : — 
 
 First IlaJf-mile in Hopewell. 
 Sanuicl Gunn, 
 Josiah Scott, 
 Ebenezcr Bardwell, 
 Samuel Belden, 
 John Crafts, 
 Josiah Scott, 
 John Wait, 
 Ebenezcr JNIorton, 
 Nathaniel Coleman, 
 Thomas Field, 
 Jonathan Smith, 
 Zachery Field. 
 
 Second Half-mile in Hopewell. 
 John Wait, 
 Ebenezcr Moi-ton, 
 Joseph Smith, 
 Thomas Field, 
 John Crafts, 
 Zachery Field, 
 Jonathan Smith, 
 Josiah Scott, 
 Nathaniel Coleman, 
 Samuel Gunn, 
 John Belden, 
 Ebenezcr Bardwell, 
 Samuel Belden. 
 
 First Division of Upper Mile. 
 Josiah Scott, 
 Zachery Field, 
 Joseph Smith, 
 John Crafts, 
 John White, 
 Jonathan Smith, 
 Zachery Field, 
 Ebenezcr Morton, 
 John Wait, 
 Nathaniel Coleman, 
 Samuel Belden, 
 John Belden, 
 Ebenezcr Bardwell. 
 
 H 
 
 Second Division of Upper Mile. 
 Ebenezcr Bardwell, 
 John Belden, 
 Samuel Belden, 
 Nathaniel Coleman, 
 John Wait, 
 Ebenezcr Morton, 
 Zachery Field, 
 John Smith, 
 John White, 
 John Crafts, 
 Joscpli Smith, 
 Zachery Field, 
 Jonathan Cole. 
 
58 
 
 For the purpose of regulatin<( fences, highways, etc., the two 
 proprietaries of the Denison and Bradstreet grants united, and 
 lield joint meetings, and kept common records. 
 
 Hopewell. — The original name of this tract was "Wet 
 Swamp " ; but it was called by its present name as early as 
 ] 700. The name appears to have been at first applied to the 
 swampy lands lying west of Denison's Farm. It now has a 
 more general and indefinite application. 
 
 " 1700. January 3. — A record of eight lots in the Wet Swamp, alias 
 Hopewell, in Hatfield: To Samuel Partridge, Sen., the first lot, being 
 fourscore rods in length, twenty-six rods in breadth, the lines running west 
 by north half a point from the west, E. by S. half a point, containing 
 thirteen acres. To Ensign Eleazar Frary, second lot; Lt. Dan'l White, 
 third lot; To Ensign Eleazar Frary, fourth lot; John Graves, Sen , fifth 
 lot; To Samuel Graves, Sen., deceased, his heirs, the sixth lot; To John 
 Graves, deceased, his heirs, the seventh lot ; To Samuel Dickinson, Senior, 
 the eighth lot." 
 
 But all projected improvements in this portion of the town 
 were further arrested by the war known as Queen Anne's War, 
 which broke out in 1703 and lasted till 1713. 
 
 It was during this war, i. e., Feb. 29, 1704, in the dead of 
 winter, that the combined French and Indians made the mem- 
 orable assault on Deerfield ; where a nominally Christian nation 
 outdid, in cruelty, the barbarities of savage warfare ! It does 
 not fall within the scope of this narrative to depict the terrible 
 scenes of this massacre. They have been often fiiithfully por- 
 trayed. Twenty-two Hatfield men were in this fight, three of 
 whom, Samuel Foote, Samuel Allis, and Serg't Benjamin Wait, 
 were killed. Those of our name taken captive were Mary Allis, 
 Hepzibah Belding, Sarah Dickinson, Mary Field, Mary Field, 
 Jr., John Field, Mary Frary. 
 
 No more severe battles occurred in the valley ; but the Indians, 
 in small parties, hung around all the towns, and kept the settlers 
 in a state of constant alarm. Ebcnezer Field of Hatfield was 
 slain at Bloody Brook, Oct. 26, 1708. No traveler was safe by 
 night or by day. Ordinary business was transacted only under 
 protection of the military. April 11, 1709, Mehuman Hinsdale 
 of Deerfield, while returning from Northampton with his team, 
 
59 
 
 was captured by two Indians and taken to Chamblce. Probably 
 the capture took place in what is noV Whately. lie had no 
 apprehension of danger, because the leaves were not out. In 
 the ten years of the war, the number slain in the county was 
 one hundred and three. One hundred and twenty-three cap- 
 tives were taken, of whom twenty-four were killed, or died on 
 the way to or in Canada. 
 
 As it was determined by the Colonial Government to main- 
 tain, at all hazards, the Deerfield settlement, this became the 
 frontier town ; and consequently Hatfield was less exposed tlian 
 in previous wars, and the local history has less of public interest 
 for record. 
 
 In this war the Government paid a bounty of £10 for Indian 
 scalps, when taken by enlisted soldiers ; and £100 for each scalp 
 brought in by volunteers. 
 
 INIassachusetts passed an act, Xovember, HOC), " For raising 
 and increasing dogs, for the better security of the frontiers." In 
 October, 1708, Connecticut appropriated £50, "To bring up and 
 maintain dogs to hunt after Indians." It does not appear, how- 
 ever, that they were of any service in killing or capturing armed 
 Indians. 
 
 S^'OW Shoes. — These were Indian inventions, to enable them 
 to travel over deep snows in hunting. Their value was demon- 
 strated in the attack on Deerfield ; as the country was then 
 deemed impassable from the great depth of snow lying on the 
 ground. In March, 1704, the General Court ordered five hun- 
 dred pairs of snow shoes, and as many moccasins, for use on the 
 frontiers. One-fourth of the number were intended for Hamp- 
 shire County. 
 
 On the return of peace, in 1713, the frontiers were pushed 
 out northerly and westerly. A permanent settlement was effected 
 on the Housatonic River, at Sheffield. Northfield, after being 
 twice abandoned, was permanently occupied in 1714. 
 
 From this time to the close of the Fourth Indian War, which 
 lasted from 1722 to 172G, nothing of general interest occurred 
 in this part of the valley. A block house, named Fort Dummer, 
 — after the then Governor of Massachusetts, William Dum- 
 iiier, — was erected in the spring of 1724, about two miles south 
 of the present village of Brattlcboro', where a garrison was 
 
60 
 
 maintained, which served a valuable purpose in protecting the 
 lower towns. 
 
 The only notice extant of any incursion into this town is the 
 following: "June 18, 1724. — Benjamin Smith, son of Joseph 
 of Hatfield, was slain, and Aaron Wells and Joseph Allis taken, 
 when they were loading hay, about three miles north from Hat- 
 field Street." There was just enough of danger to make people 
 cautious, and put them constantly on their guard. 
 
 The period from 1726 to 1744 appears to have been one of 
 assured peace. The out lands for home lots were now more 
 freely taken ; houses were built in more exposed situations ; the 
 proprietors of Bradstreet's Farm prepared to locate nearer to 
 their valuable intervals. One house in each neighborhood was 
 "picketed" ; and the settler depended on this, and his own vig- 
 ilance and musket, for defence. 
 
 Whately Settled. — It was at this time that a settlement 
 was first attempted within the bounds of Whately. The precise 
 date is unknown ; but probably in 1735 or '36 Lieut. Ebenezer 
 Bardwell, and perhaps Josiah Scott, built log houses where is 
 now the "Old Orchard," on the Deerfield road, north of the 
 Zebina Bartlett Place. It is certain, that near this date, Benja- 
 min Scott, David Graves, Goodman Elisha Smith, Serg't John 
 Wait, and Joseph Belding settled near together in the "Straits." 
 These families left for a time, at the opening of the French and 
 Indian War of 1745, and went back to the village. They 
 returned to their homes probably in 1748.* 
 
 * It will be seen that Scott was an early name on our territory. It is a 
 current tradition that no family of the name of Scott was molested by the 
 Indians in their numerous raids in the valley after the close of King Philip's 
 War. To account for it the story goes, that one of the name had a dream 
 for three successive winter nights that an Indian family encamped on 
 Hopewell were in a starving condition. Impressed by the repetition of his 
 dream, he started with his snow shoes and gun, and, at the foot of Hope- 
 well hill, shot a bear, with the meat of which he saved the lives of the — as 
 he found — starving Indians ; and they never forgot the kindness. Of the 
 encampment on the spot indicated there is no doubt, as the records show ; 
 and their household utensils, etc., are found there in abundance. And the 
 writer has not met with the name of Scott among the captives, or those 
 killed in predatory excursions, after 1697, the date of breaking up the 
 Indian camp at Hopewell. 
 

 
 ^^pu^-u^r^^ /^r^tJ^-^v^ t 
 
 ^e 
 
 
 
Gl 
 
 The next settler was Abraham Parker, who built in " Canter- 
 bury "in 1749. Joseph Sanderson located near him in 1752. 
 In the latter year, David Scott bought the house of Ebenczer 
 Bardwell on the Deerfield road, and Lieut. Bardwell removed 
 and built a small house on the Chestnut-plain Street, where is 
 now an orchard, southwesterly from Kandall Graves's (which he 
 sold in 1760 to David Scott). Benoni Crafts built where George 
 and Asa Crafts now live ; his brother, Thomas Crafts, built 
 where Seth B. Crafts, Esq., now lives; and Dea. Joel Dickin- 
 son built just cast of where the old meeting-house stood. The 
 Hatfield town authorities, not deeming it safe for these families 
 to be out through the winter so far from help, before snow came 
 removed them back to the village. They left a part of their 
 corn standing in the fields, and during their absence the bears 
 destroyed much of it. In 1754, a strong picket was built around 
 Dea. Dickinson's premises, — house, barn, and yards, — and the 
 four families used tliis as their "fort," where they could drive 
 their cattle, and lodge themselves at night, during the Indian 
 alarms of the next three or four years. 
 
 In 1758, Noah Wells built a house west of the Abel Scott 
 place. In 1759, Daniel Morton built a little south of Thomas 
 Crafts. In 1760, David Scott bought the place of Lieut. Eben- 
 ezer Bardwell, who moved into Deerfield, where he lived about 
 fifteen years. In 1761, there was a large accession to the settle- 
 ment in the centi-al and west parts of the town. Oliver Graves 
 built on the east side of the road from Thomas Crafts [the elm 
 tre% standing in front of this house was set by Oliver Graves, 
 Jr., in 1776] ; Oliver Morton built south of the cemetery ; Capt. 
 Lucius Allis built a log house on Spruce hill, north of E. C. 
 Allis's ; Capt. Salmon White built on the Luke B. Win'tc place ; 
 Moses Dickinson built west of the Oliver Dickinson place ; and 
 Peter Train, Edward Brown, and Abraham Turner located on 
 the Poplar hill road. Dea. Nathan Graves settled early on Chest- 
 nut mountain ; Dea. Simeon Wait in Christian lane. And as 
 early as 1765 Joshua Beldin and Nathaniel Coleman built on the 
 River road. Sanmel Carley was here as early as 1764, but 
 probably did not build before 1768. 
 
CHAPTER VI. 
 
 WHATELY EARLY SETTLERS. 
 
 The preceding pages indicate whence many of the first 
 settlers on our territory came. Other early settlers, as Parker, 
 Sanderson, Shattuck and Sartle came from Groton, Mass., and 
 vicinity. The ftimilies of Train, Bragg and Carley were from 
 Watertown, and came through Marlborough, Shrewsbury and 
 Petersham. Edward Brown was from Colchester, Ct. The 
 later settlers, as Edson, Carey, Snow, Faxon, Byram, Richard- 
 son, and perhaps Turner and Allen, were from Bridgewater, 
 Mass., and vicinity. Jonathan Edson came by way of Stafford, 
 Ct., and Ashfield. These Bridgewater families were all con- 
 nected by marriage: and most of them, as also Carley, from 
 Petersham, became acquainted with the valley while marching 
 to and fro as soldiers during the French war. 
 
 The line of forts, including Fort Dummer, already named, 
 Fort Shirley, in Heath, Fort Pelham, in Rowe, Fort Massachu- 
 setts at East Hoosac, (now Adams,) and some minor works 
 established 1744 and '45, formed a barrier against the Indiifcs, 
 and gave a sense of security to the settlers in this part of the 
 valley. But the struggle between England and France for the 
 possession of Canada and the line of Lakes westward to the 
 Mississippi, — in which Hampshire County, (then covering the 
 entire western part of the State,) from its frontier position, 
 would naturally become involved, — kept up the war spirit, and 
 drew off many of the young men, who were thus subtracted 
 from the labor and productive efficiency of the settlement, just 
 when such labor and productive efficiency were most needed. 
 Many of these young men were slain or disabled ; others 
 acquired habits which unfitted them for the patient toil and 
 economy necessary to success in an agricultural community. 
 
 (62) 
 
G3 
 
 Land was ])]enty. Tlie Hatfield cniinrants had, cither in tlicir 
 own riglit, or by inheritance, their lots in the second and fourth 
 Divisions of Commons, and in the " three miles Addition," and 
 the Hatfield Equivalent. Several of them, as has been stated, 
 were proprietors in the Bradstrect Farm. And land was cheap. 
 Many lots in the Commons hereabouts, had been forfeited by 
 neglect to fence, or refusal to pay rates and charges, and could 
 be had of the town for the asking, or bought for seven shillings 
 six pence per acre. The price of an acre of land and a pair of 
 shoes was the same for a number of years. 
 
 It would be interesting to give the exact location and boun- 
 daries of the farms, as first taken up. But there are inherent 
 difficulties in the way. The surveys appear to have been kept 
 in private hands, and are lost ; and the lines specified in deeds 
 are obscure. . The corner trees are gone ; the highways have 
 been re-located, and the stone heaps are scattered. Many of the 
 boundaries were indefinite and traditional, — like those of a high- 
 way in Xorthfield, which was laid out "from Pochaug meadow 
 to a little brook where Mr. Doolittle's horse died," — })lain enough 
 then, l)ut impossible to be traced now. 
 
 Farming, to all except those who owned river lots, was more 
 laborious than they had been accustomed to in Hatfield. Their 
 fields were smaller, and harder to break uj) and till, and the yield 
 of grain less. But in the matter of pasturage they were gainers. 
 The hill-sides, especially where the numerous springs coursed 
 their way down, afforded the sweetest feed, both early and late. 
 And they seem to have depended largely on stock raising, as will 
 appear in the large numbers of cows and sheep found here in 
 1771. 
 
 But they met serious inconveniences and drawbacks, espe- 
 cially those living on Chestnut plain, and west of mount Ksther. 
 The highways had not been worked, nor the bridges built. Mill 
 Iiiver and West Brook could be crossed only at the " fording 
 places." The only traveled way to Hatfield village was over 
 " the island," by way of "Mother George." They had no school 
 privileges for their children. The nearest corn mill was five 
 miles distant. 
 
 But the evil which they felt most deeply was the distance from 
 Sabbath ordinances. The Sabbath was a sacred day then ; and 
 
64 
 
 it was believed to be a duty to go to meeting on the Sabbath 
 then; and children, as well as parents, were expected to go to 
 meeting then ; and the common means of conveyance then was 
 on horseback.* They might have rode in ox-carts ; but oxen 
 were "cattle," specified in the commandment, and the Sabbath 
 was as sacred to them as to their owners. 
 
 With the multiplied churches, (then called meeting-houses,) 
 and multiplied means of conveyance, and changed habits of 
 thought of the present, it is difficult for us to realize the state 
 of things at that day. Probably the change of sentiment is as 
 great as the change of circumstances. The Sabbath morning, 
 in this remote settlement, dawned on a quiet, altogether peculiar. 
 Secular labor had been carefully finisiied, in-doors and out, at 
 sunset the preceding evening. All were required to rise early, 
 that the necessary chores might be seasonably done. The cattle 
 seemed to understand that their day of rest had come. Even 
 the dog kept the reckoning correctly. It is still a tradition in 
 the family, that Deacon Sanderson's dog was never known to 
 leave his place under the table on the Sabbath, unless specially 
 called. The baked beans were in the oven, still warm, and 
 ready for both the morning and evening meal. The good-wife 
 had her hands full, to get all the children and herself ready, and 
 stir up the Indian lidding for the noon lunch. [The uniform 
 custom was to mix up a pudding, put it in a bag or pudding- 
 pot, which could be stowed in the saddle-bags, or slung to the 
 saddle. AVhen they got to Hatfield street, which was always 
 early, they stopped at one of their cousins' or nephews' houses, 
 when the pudding was put in the family pot, and was found 
 ready boiled when meeting was out at noon.] 
 
 The five or six miles to be traveled required an early start ; 
 and each Sabbath during the warm season witnessed nearly the 
 same scene. For a time Noah Wells was the farthest from 
 meeting. Himself and wife and the two youngest children 
 mounted the old horse, — the six older children had started ahead 
 on foot ; next Master Scott, his wife and ten children ; joined 
 
 * This continued to be the ordinary mode of traveling till 1790, or 
 later. The usual charge for a horse and saddle from Whately to Hatfield 
 was, for a man, nine pence, for a woman eight pence. When a man took 
 his wife on the pillion behind him, the charge was ten pence. 
 
m 
 
 successively by Benoni Crafts and liis fiunily of six ; by Thomas 
 Crafts and his family of ten ; by Daniel Morton and his family 
 of ten ; by Oliver Graves and his family of eleven ; by Oliver 
 Morton and his family of seven ; by Deacon Dickinson and his 
 family of eight : — tliese formed a goodly cavalcade as they 
 left the street at the point where afterwards the first meeting- 
 house was built, to go over the " fording place," and down 
 through "Egypt." All were clad in home-spun ; yet were as 
 proud of their clean linen, and felt hats, and high crowned 
 bonnets, as the city belle of her silks and " Grecian bends," 
 — for pride has nothing to do with the quality or cut of the 
 cloth one wears. The boys and girls were bare-footed, carry- 
 ing their shoes in their hands, to be be put on when they 
 reached the pine grove, a half-mile this side of Hatfield meeting- 
 house, and worn till they should reach the said grove on their 
 retui'n. Each recurring Sabbath summer morning witnessed 
 this, — so strange a sight to us ; and yet, as seen then, it had 
 nothing about it remarkable ; nothing offensive to good taste 
 and propriety ; nothing inconsistent with self-respect and compe- 
 tence ; nothing derogatory to the purest and noblest type of girl- 
 hood and boyhood, womanhood and manhood ; nothing but what 
 God approved and smiled upon. It had its personal discomforts, 
 and petty trials ; it was a long " Sabbath day's journey ; " but 
 all this was anticipated. And their love for the sanctuary, 
 and the hope of better days, when they should have their own 
 meeting-house and minister, kept them in good heart. Neither 
 in this matter, nor in the inconveniences of every-day life, did 
 they show disappointment or indulge regrets. They had chosen 
 their home, and had settled here to stay ; and at once set about 
 securing the means of comfort and independence. 
 
 Beyond the prime necessities of food, clothing and shelter, 
 the wants of daily life are affected very much by conti'ast and 
 comparison. Envy springs from disparity of condition ; repin- 
 infj as often follows the bettered lot of another as the straitened 
 lot of ourselves. And as all here had so many wants in com- 
 mon, for a time all appear to have been substantially contented. 
 In their circumscribed sphere they found solid comfort, and were 
 as independent as we are. Most of the men could fell the 
 forests, and rift the timber for clap-boards, and fit a frame, and 
 
66 
 
 mend a cart, and hoop a barrel. Most of the women were 
 skilled in all the mysteries of preparing flax and wool for cloth, 
 and in weavinfj, and in cutting and makinfj clothinfr. 
 
 Some of the first houses in the Straits, and on Chestnut plain, 
 were built of logs : some were partly of l^gs, Avith an upright 
 frame attached; and all were without inside finish. Noah 
 Wells's was a log house ; and when his son Perez built in 
 " Claverack," he moved down part of the old logs, and added 
 a small frame. Benoni Crafts's was a log house. Daniel Mor- 
 ton's was a frame house, large on the ground, low studded, and 
 only a single story, — in the ample attic of which a numerous 
 company could lodge. Capt. Lucius AUis's was a log house, 
 and quite small. 
 
 David Scott, Sen., appears to have been the first professed 
 carpenter in the place. But he laid out his work by the " try 
 rule," or the rule of six, eight and ten, — i.e., the sills, posts 
 and beams were framed and tried, and the braces were laid on 
 to mark their bevels and length. Master Scott's prime precept 
 was, " Make great mortises and leetle tenons, and your work 
 will go together charming easy!" He, as well as his son Abel, 
 made plows, ox-yokes, carts, etc. Thomas Crafts did most of 
 the coopering. 
 
 As a part of the design of this book is to preserve a record 
 of the manners and customs of oru' fathers ; and as the genera- 
 tion that saw these early homes is now so nearly gone — with 
 whom will perish the first-hand knowledge — it will not be 
 out of place here to draw a rough sketch of one of those houses, 
 and the family life within. Perhaps our grand-children may be 
 interested in looking at it. As we open the outside door, we are 
 confronted by a huge pile of flat stones, carefully laid, which 
 runs up slightly tapering to and through the roof, and which we 
 shall presently learn is the end of the fire-place and chimney. 
 Beside this stands a ladder, or rough stair-way leading into the 
 open attic. The next, and only remaining door, leads directly 
 into the large living room, which is both kitchen, sitting room 
 and parlor. We notice that the walls and ceiling of this room 
 are not plastered, and the bare timbers are not very smoothly 
 hewed. But what strikes us most forcibly is the fire-place, or 
 inside of that huge pile of stones which takes up not less than 
 
G7 
 
 half the end of the room, and into which we can walk without 
 much stooping. Inside the jumbs stands the ''settle," on which 
 five persons can comfortably sit. Inside the settle stands the 
 " dye pot." Down from the cavernous chimney hang the hooks 
 and trammels on which the big iron pot is suspended ; and handy 
 by hangs the flip iron. In the corner of the room opposite the 
 fire-place is the bed, with its white linen, or dingy tow sheets 
 and pillow-biers, and its striped outside blanket, and under it the 
 trundle-bed. In the next corner stands the cup-board, with 
 its wooden and pewter sets neatly arranged. Near by are the 
 "swifts," and the " great wheel," if it is autumn ; or tlie '' little 
 wheel," if it is spring. Then there is the pine table in its 
 place, and tlie four-legged stools, and the flag-bottomed, higii- 
 backcd chairs, and the cradle. Under the looking glass is a 
 small stand, on which lies the family Bible. The catechism 
 and hymn book — if our call is at the Deacon's house — arc put in 
 one corner of the cup-board. On a pair of deer's horns are 
 suspended the gun, powder-horn and ball-pouch. Overhead are 
 poles laid on hooks for drying pumpkin, or herbs, and airing- 
 clothes. The family chest is at the foot of the bed. On two 
 nails driven into the plate over the firc-i)laee, is laid a birch rod 
 about three feet long, — the use of which the children then per- 
 fectly understood, but which is now among tlie " lost arts." 
 
 As we met the boy nearest ten years old, just starting for the 
 mill, with two bags of grain on the old horse, and himself 
 perched on the top of the bags, and saw the father and older 
 boys at work with the oxen, we find only the mother and the 
 girls, and the younger children at home. If it is early morn- 
 ing, we find them in their woolen short-gowns, and busy at 
 work : perhaps it is dairy work, perhaps common house work, 
 perhaps getting on the great pot for dinner, — for the pudding 
 needs three good hours' boiling. Very likely the mother is 
 carding wool or tow ; pcrlKi{)S she is spinning — on the great 
 w^hecl, if it is wool or tow, on the little wheel, if it is flax. Or, 
 perhaps, from a peculiar thwacking noise, we know she is 
 working at the loom oveiliead. 
 
 If we stop to dinner — as we had better do, if invited — we 
 shall have a most savory platter of " boiled victuals," — corned 
 beef and pork, with turnips, green corn and beans, and a full 
 
6S 
 
 sized Indian pudding. The pudding will be served first : rather 
 we shall be called upon "to help ourselves," as they all do. 
 A mug of home-brewed beer is ready to go from mouth to 
 mouth, as required, and the "tapster" — the boy who got up last 
 in the morning — is ready to fill it up again when empty. 
 
 If our call is made of a winters evening, even if we go early, 
 there will be a roaring fire ; for the evening back-log is always of 
 extra size, as the boys don't Avant to put in a new one before 
 going to bed, and all want a good bed of coals when they get 
 up in the morning ; and with the great fore-stick, and an arm- 
 full of wood well going, the room is warm, and almost as light 
 without the pine knot or tallow candle as with it. The trundle- 
 bed is out, and the three little ones are snugly asleep. Their 
 mother is busy mending ; for do what she can, the children will 
 tear and wear their clothes, and " it is so much handier " — so 
 she says — " mending them when the children are out of the 
 way," Later in the evening she will be knitting, as this is never 
 finished ; for " grand-pa " wants his stockings full, and so long 
 that they will garter over the knee ; and eleven pairs of feet — 
 the average number in a family then — can try both mother's and 
 grand-mother's nimble needles. The girls are sewing : perhaps 
 the youngest is playing hull-gull or checkers with the brother 
 next her in age. The boys are shelling corn, or splintering 
 candle wood, or cyphering. "Father" is peeling Indian brooms, 
 or bottoming chairs, or braiding a whip, or, when he feels like 
 it, and the yarn is knit up close, he holds the skein for " mother " 
 to wind a new ball, — ^^ the girls do make such worJc, tohen they 
 and the hoys wind it ! " 
 
 You are struck with the deference, amounting almost to rev- 
 erence, which is paid to the aged grand-parents. They are 
 expected to take the lead in conversation ; and the younger 
 ones do not even whisper when they are talking. Grand-mother 
 is privileged to say what she pleases, and to whom she pleases, 
 and when she pleases. If conversation should seem to fiag, the 
 wife is ready to tell, with just a little of pride, how many " runs" 
 she has spun in a week, besides taking the whole care of the 
 milk ; what extra luck she has had in " dyeing " ; and the new 
 style of check she wove in that best blanket ; and how nmch 
 linen she put in the last web of linsey. 
 
GO 
 
 Perhaps a neighbor drops in ; and then for some good stories. 
 If it is Master Scott, or Benoni Crafts, he can tell of hunting 
 exploits with bears and deer, most marvellous and fascinating. 
 lie does not seem to be so very old, but you wonder hoAv a man 
 can go through, in one life-time, all that he recounts. If it is 
 old Mr. Parker, he loves to tell how the witch flew from the top 
 of Sugar Loaf, and lighted on a large oak that stood close by 
 the highway near Joseph Sanderson's, and broke or bent the top 
 into a curious shape, and then disappeared in the ground, leaving 
 a hole which, to his certain knowledge, could never be filled up ! 
 And which — he might have added — the children always passed 
 on a run, and upon " the other side ! " If the visitor be a Beld- 
 ing, or a Wait, he is full of reminiscences of King Philip's war, 
 when his ancestors were scalped by the Indians, or taken off to 
 Canada. And, after the fli[) has been passed round, Lieut. 
 Ebenezer Bardwcll will give his own experiences in the French 
 wars, which are so fresh, and full of incidents of Indian cruelty 
 and torture, and told with such minuteness and graphic power 
 as make the younger girls crouch behind their mother's chair, 
 and tremble when they go up to bed. But all is hearty, and 
 sincere, and "without offence." And the evening prayer that 
 comes before the last good night is "sweet incense," because 
 offered from o^rateful and confidino' hearts. 
 
 Such were the homes of the olden time, then common 
 throughout this valley. And "home" was then a word with 
 a real meaning; for home occupations, home pleasures, home 
 associations and relationships filled up the round of daily life. 
 
 The want of commodities creates a demand ; and a supply 
 soon follows. A grist-mill was built at Indian hill by Adonijah 
 Taylor about 1703, and a saw-mill only two or three years later. 
 The saw-mill stood where the Sandersons' mills now are ; the 
 ffrist-mill was some distance below. Afterwards a jrrist-mill was 
 built farther up the glen. About the same time a saw-mill 
 was built by Edward Brown at AVest street, on the site of the 
 present mill owned by Kufus Sanderson & Son. And some- 
 what later but before 1770, a grist-mill and saw-mill were set 
 up by Reuben Belding on the site known as the Isaac Frary 
 privilege. 
 
70 
 
 A tan-house was built, probably in 1763 or '64, by Paul Beld- 
 ing. The site is not known, but it is probable that it stood on 
 the west side of mount Esther, near where Lieut. Frary after- 
 wai'ds lived. 
 
 For the raw material of a new supply of clothrng they had 
 only to wait till the first clip of wool and the first crop of flax 
 could be prepared. And the working up into cloth was all done, 
 at home. For fulling the cloth they had only to go to West 
 Brook, where a fulling-mill had been long in operation. As 
 early as 1709 Hatfield voted that Jeremiah Wait " have liberty 
 to set up a fulling-mill at West Brook," reserving the right to 
 build a saw-mill there, should occasion after require. 
 
 Cotton, from the West Indies, began to be used in the valley 
 quite early. It was spun upon the large wheel, like wool. 
 Checks and stripes of all cotton, or cotton and wool, were not 
 uncommon. Checked shirts were all the fashion for men and 
 boys, in this neighborhood, for some time before the llevolution. 
 Checked api-ons, and striped bed-ticks, were in use. But the 
 largest part of the cloth for ordinary wearing apparel and bedding 
 was made of wool, or linen, or a mixture of the two, called linsey- 
 woolsey. Tow, which is the refuse combings of flax, was used 
 for coarse stuflT. Home-made tow cloth was of ready sale to 
 the country merchants, who sent it to Hartford and other centres 
 of trade where it was in demand. Many a young wife, or older 
 daughter who expected soon to become a wife, has got out a web 
 of fine tow cloth, and exchanged it for calico or silk, or other 
 coveted articles of dress or household luxury. The price of tow 
 was about three pence per pound, and the common price for 
 weaving it was six pence per yard. Yard wide tow cloth sold 
 at two shillings a yard, — though the price varied according to 
 circumstances. Checked cloths, of linen and woolen, were also 
 an article of traflSc, and were sometimes made in excess of the 
 household wants, and exchanged for such things as the house- 
 wife needed. Flaxen yarn was quite commonly prepared for 
 market by such families as had an extra crop ; and after the 
 Scotch emigrants, who excelled in spinning and weaving, settled 
 in Peliiam, a lively competition sprang up in both the yarn and 
 cloth trade, [perhaps it would be hardly fair to say that there 
 was a jealousy of the foreigners ;] but it is believed that the 
 
71 
 
 Scotch women carried the day, botli in fineness and evenness of 
 thread and ck^th. 
 
 When the danghters of tlie first settlers were grown, some of 
 them became adepts at spinning, and made it a specialty. Theo- 
 dora Scott, danghtcr of Benjamin, was a noted spinster, both 
 before and after her marriage with Stephen Orcutt. As a mat- 
 ter partly of curiosity and partly characteristic of the time, and 
 showing how much yarn of different kinds a young family needed 
 in a year, and how much a woman could do with her wheel for 
 the support of her family, a single year's account is copied in 
 full from Parson Wells's account book : — 
 
 1781. 
 
 S(3pt. 
 
 
 By Spinning 
 
 Feb. 
 
 11. 
 
 " Spinning 
 
 Mar. 
 
 2. 
 
 " Sj)inning 
 " Spinning 
 
 I\Iar. 
 
 6. 
 
 " Spinning 
 
 " 
 
 13. 
 
 " Spinning 
 
 Apr. 
 
 1 
 
 8. 
 
 " Spinning 
 " Spinning 
 
 Apr. 
 
 29. 
 
 " Spinning 
 
 May 
 
 13. 
 
 " Spinning 
 " Sjiinning 
 " Spinning 
 " Spinning 
 
 June 19. 
 
 " Spinning 
 
 
 
 " Spinning 
 
 June 
 
 24. 
 
 " Spinning 
 
 July 
 
 5. 
 
 " Spinning 
 
 " 
 
 9. 
 
 " Spinning 
 
 " 
 
 11. 
 
 " Spinning 
 
 
 25. 
 
 " Spinning 
 " Sjiinning 
 " Spinning 
 
 July 
 
 31. 
 
 " Spinning 
 
 Aug. 
 
 21. 
 
 " Spinning 
 
 Sept 
 
 11. 
 
 " Spinning 
 " Spinning 
 do. 
 
 TUKODOUA OkCUTT, 
 
 11 Runs at 7/4—3 Runs at Id. 
 
 4 Runs for handkerchiefs 
 8 Runs linen yarn at Id. 
 
 5 Runs tow yarn 
 
 1 Run fine tow yarn at Id. 
 
 2 Runs woolen yarn . 
 
 13 Runs tow yarn 
 
 14 Runs Linen yarn at 8cZ. 
 9^ Runs fine tow yarn at 9>d. 
 
 2 Runs fine thread for stockings at Sd. 
 4 Runs fine tow yarn at 8fZ. 
 
 3 Runs coarse tow yarn at 4/ old tenor 
 3 Runs coarse linen yarn at 6clP 
 
 8 Runs fine yarn for Lawn 
 22 Runs coarse linen yarn at CcZ. 
 
 2 Runs linen yarn at 8(i. 
 10 Runs tow yarn at 4/ old tenor 
 3i Runs tow yarn at 4/ old tenor 
 10 Runs tow yarn at GtZ. 
 
 3 Runs fine linen yarn at Sd. 
 2 Runs coarse linen yarn at Qd. 
 2 Runs fine tow yarn at 8cZ. 
 
 1 Run fine tow yarn at 8cZ. 
 19 Runs coarse linen chain 
 
 9 Runs coarse tow yarn 
 
 2 Runs sent to Miss Graves 
 
 4 Runs tow : By do. 8 Runs tow 
 
 Cr. 
 
 £0 9 
 
 2 
 
 4 
 
 2 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 G 11 
 
 9 4 
 
 6 
 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 8 
 
 11 
 
 14 
 
 5 4 
 
 1 10 
 
 5 
 
 2 
 
 1 
 
 1 4 
 
 8 
 
 9 6 
 
 1 1 
 6 5 
 
 £ 5 4 10 
 
72 
 
 TiiKODOUA Orcutt, Dr. 
 
 To 4 lbs. 9 oz. Cheese at 5(Z £ 1 11 
 
 " cheese 2 lbs. 13 oz.— Do. 1 lb, 14 oz. at4(Z. . 17 
 
 " one pound old Tobacco at 5 pence . . . 5 
 
 " 2h lbs. Cheese at od.—Do. 6 lbs. U oz. a.t id. . 3 4 
 
 " 3 lbs. 9 ounces Salt pork at 8d. . . . 2 4 
 
 " 1 pound 13 ounces cheese at Qd. . . . 10 
 
 " h bushel of parsnips at 2/ . . . . 10 
 
 " 2 lbs. 5 oz. Tobacco at 4(i.— 4 lbs. 2 oz. Salt Pork 3 4 
 
 " 9 lbs. 10 oz. salt Pork 
 
 " 4 lbs. 3 oz. rolled Tobacco .... 
 
 " 7 lbs. 10 oz. Salt Pork— 2 lbs. Suet at 6d. . 
 
 " 6 pounds 9 ounces Flax ..... 
 
 " 6 lbs. fresh offal, Beef — 1 bushel Parsnips . 
 
 " 5 lbs. 5 oz. Salt Pork: 17tb, 8i lbs. do.— 2 lbs. 
 
 Sugar at 7d. ...... 
 
 " 1 pound 1 oz. rolled Tobacco, good ... 
 
 " 1 lb. ditto.— 4 lbs. 15 oz. Salt Pork ... 
 
 " 5 lbs. 9 oz. Salt Pork— 7 pounds Cheese . . 
 
 " 5 lbs. 10 oz. Salt pork at 8d. — 1 Cheese, 4 lbs. 9 oz. 
 
 " 1 Cheese, 6 lbs. 12 oz.— 7 lbs. 10 oz. Salt Pork 
 
 •'" " " 2 lbs. Sheeps' Wool at 1/6—1 lb. Tow at id. . 
 
 " 41 lbs. Salt Pork— 4 lbs. 10 oz. cheese at id. . 
 
 " 7 pounds 12 ounces Flour at 1/ ... 
 
 " 12/ of Mr. Marsh, old way, 10/ ... 
 
 " 1 bushel Indian corn 3/ of Mr. Graves . . 
 
 Au*''. 23. " cash delivered your brother Elijah 1/1 .. 
 
 " 1 oz. Jj^digo of Dr. Chapin .... 
 
 " C shillings received of Martin Graves . . 
 
 " 2 bushels of Rye of Mr. Adkins at 3/ . . 
 
 178] 
 
 . 
 
 Sept. 
 
 27 
 
 Oct. 
 
 17. 
 
 Jan. 
 
 10 
 
 Jan'y 
 
 10 
 
 Feb. 
 
 11 
 
 Mar. 
 
 5 
 
 April 
 
 2. 
 
 " 
 
 8 
 
 Apr. 
 
 17 
 
 May 
 
 4 
 
 .. 
 
 30 
 
 June 
 
 12 
 
 July 
 
 5 
 
 Aug. 
 
 2 
 
 Aug. 
 
 24 
 
 9 
 5 
 1 
 4 
 1 
 
 2 
 4 
 7 
 4 
 5 
 3 
 4 
 
 4 11 
 1 
 10 
 3 
 1 1 
 10 
 6 
 6 
 
 £6 4 10 
 
 A " run " of yarn consisted of twenty knots, a knot was com- 
 posed of forty threads, and a thread was seventy-four inches in 
 length, or once round the reel. A "skein" of yarn consisted of 
 seven knots. An ordinary day's work was four skeins, when tiie 
 spinner carded her own wool ; wiicn the wool was carded by a 
 machine, she could as easily spin six skeins in a day. 
 
 Dyes. — Logwood and indigo were the common dyes in use 
 early ; later, madder was sometimes obtained. Cloth made of 
 lamb's wool, and of the finer grades of sheep's wool, as well as 
 linsey-woolsey took a beautiful shade of color, and were much 
 prized by the young ladies. A red riding-hood set off to good 
 
73 
 
 advantnge the plump face and natural tresses of the girls of that 
 day, as did also the white sun-bonnet. 
 
 INIany families did all their own tailoring and dress-making ; 
 others employed some woman who had special taste and skill in 
 these arts, who would come to the house twice a year, and in a 
 week or so, cut and make with the help of the inmates, the 
 supply f )r the season. 
 
 Tiie first professional weaver? in town, were Kobert Aher- 
 cromhie in 1779, Al)ij;di Marsh in '82, and AV^illiam Henderson 
 in '89 ; hut tliev had to depend for a living, in considerable 
 j)art. on jobbing with the fu-mers. Perez Myriek, the clothiei', 
 was here in 1794; Capt. Amos Pratt in 1800. 
 
 Values and Prices. — At this date, all values were reckoned 
 in pounds, shillings and pence. A pound was erpial to three 
 dollars thirty-three and one-third cents, and prices were esti- 
 mated in currency instead of grain. There was, however, the 
 " cash price " and the " barter price," — the latter one-third higher 
 than the former, — and ordinary business was largely carried on 
 by exchange of produce and home-made manufactures, and labor. 
 The wages of labor, for an able bodied man, was three shillinii-s 
 (50 cents) a day in haying time, and two shillings for ordinary 
 farm work. The common price of wheat was four shillings 
 per bushel ; rye, 36-. ; meslin, 3^. 10(Z. ; corn, 2s. ; barley, 'ds. ; 
 malt, 26'. 5d. ; flax seed. As. 6d. ; turnips, Sd. ; parsnips, 2s. ; 
 good cheese, orf. per pound ; salt pork, Sd. ; flax, Sd. ; tow, 
 4d. ; sheep's wool, Is. i)d. ; hoj)s, l.s. ; indigo, 10c/. per ounce. 
 
 Agriculture. — The lands in the valley were found well 
 adapted to wheat ; and this, with peas and flax, was the first 
 crop raised on the intervals. When these became exhausted, 
 wheat was raised on the newly cleared uplands. Peas were at 
 first a favorite and profitable crop ; but the yield soon diminished, 
 or was ke[)t up only by manuring, and the pea-bug made its 
 appearance, and the crop was neglected ; and, after a while, 
 beans took their place as an article of food, though not of traffic. 
 Kye was not much raised till the wheat crop began to fail, when 
 it became, and long continued to be, an important crop. l>ailcv 
 was raised chiefly for the purpose of malting. Meslin, or mixt- 
 ling, which is a mixture of wheat and rye, was [)retty generally 
 
74 
 
 raised, and used both for flour and malt. Indian corn was, 
 however, the staj)]e product of this, as of all other pai'ts of the 
 country. 
 
 The season opened in spring quite as early as at the present 
 day. Plowing hegan commonly tlie second week in April. 
 Peas, oats, and rye were sowed by the middle of the month ; 
 barley and flax by the first of May. Corn-planting frequently 
 began by iMay 5th ; this crop was always hoed three times, the 
 hilling coming on the second week in July, i.e., as soon as the 
 farmers had finished gathering the first crop of English hay. 
 The corn was picked the last week in September and the first 
 week in October. They commenced to mow upland English 
 grass the middle of June ; and the meadows the second week in 
 July. Kowen was cut the last of July. Rye, wheat, and 
 meslin were ready for harvesting about the 25th of July ; barley 
 a week later; and oats still later, though before August 15th. 
 Peas were gathered the last of August. Flax was commonly 
 pulled the first week in August ; spread and turned in September, 
 and was ready to be taken up. for " breaking" the last of October. 
 
 Food. — Early in winter, every family of considerable means 
 killed a fiitted hog ; and later, a cow ; the tender parts of which 
 were used fresh, and the balance dry-salted, or put in brine for 
 summer use. This salted meat was the basis of the " boiled 
 dish," which was the common dinner of the farmers. Very little 
 fresh meat was used in the warm season. Next in importance, 
 perhaps, came the boiled Indian pudding, which was regarded 
 an almost indispensable part of a good dinner. Many families 
 could say tiiat they had as many puddings as there were days in 
 the year. Indian was also commonly used for hasty-puddings, 
 and Johnny, or journey-cakes, and samp.* Milk and bread, or 
 
 *Josselyn, 1674, says, of Indian corn, " It is lij^ht of digestion, and the 
 English make a kind of loblolly of it to eat with milk, whieh they call 
 Sanipe ; they beat it in a mortar, and sift the (lour ont of it; the remainder 
 they call Hoinmincij, whieh they put in a pot of two or three gallons, with 
 water, and boil it over a gentle fire till it is like a hasty-pudding; they put 
 this into milk, and so eat it. Their bread, also, they make of the homminey 
 so boiled, and mix their flour with it, cast it into a deep ba.sin, in which 
 they form the loaf, and then turn it out upon the Peel, and jiresently put it 
 in the oven before it spreads abroad; the flour makes excellent puddens." 
 
iO 
 
 liasty-i)U(l(Iinfj,- and milk, was a common Iji'caktast and supper 
 dish for cliildren and old peo[)lc. Pea-soup, or porridge, and 
 stewed {)eas, had not gone out of (hite; though heans had hu-gely 
 taken their phice. [liaked beans, as a reguhu- weekly dish, eanie 
 in use as early as this town was first settled, though it was a dish 
 unknown to our ca.rly English ancestors.] Tlu' bread couunoidv 
 used was made of rye or meslin flour. Pie-crust was sometimes 
 made of this flour. A\'heat flour, was used to a considerable 
 extent, especially among the well-to-do farmers. Bolts to run 
 by water power were set up in the mills ; and some families had 
 hand bolts. The flour was not as line as that now in use, and 
 consequently was much more healthful. Cakes and pastry made 
 of wheat flour were kej)! on hand for "company," and for all 
 extra occasions. Turnips were in luiiversal esteem and use, as an 
 essential part of the " boiled dish." Py early sowing, a sunnner 
 vegetable was secured ; and by sowing as a second <'ro[) to suc- 
 ceed barley, or on new land burned over, they were tender and 
 juicy through the winter. Parsnips were more rare. 
 
 Pumpkins. — Josselyn, in his New England Rarities, published 
 in 1674, speaks of pumpkins, squashes, and watermelons, as 
 grown by the Indians, and also by the English. lie mentions 
 a peculiar sort of round yellow sciuash, which, when cooked 
 and })repared with butter, spice and vinegar, was " the ancient 
 New England standing dish." This is believed to refer to our 
 pumpkin. In his " AVondcr A\'orking Providence," written 
 1()51, Johnson says, "let no man make a jest of pumpkins, for 
 with this fruit the Lord was pleased to feed his people till corn 
 and cattle were increased." Baked pumpkin and milk were 
 much relished by many. The art of drying pumpkin seems to 
 have been learned of the Indians. In spring and summer this 
 could be soaked and used for sauce as well as for pies. In those 
 early days, "pumpkin parings" were as common in the fall, 
 as " apple parings " have been since ; and made as merry an 
 evening. 
 
 Apples. — A few apples were brought from Hatfield and Ilad- 
 Icy as a luxury, but they did not, of course, come into general use 
 till the trees had time to grow. The first orchards, in our limits, 
 
76 
 
 were planted by Abraham Parker, whose widow made five barrels 
 of cider in 1771 ; by Joseph Belding, who made that year four 
 barrels of cider ; by Benjamin Scott, who made three barrels, 
 and Martin Graves, who made five barrels. Lieut. Ebenezcr 
 Bardwell probably set an orchard where he first built, on the 
 Deerfield road ; and also another, where he built, a mile north 
 of the meeting-house. Parson Wells set trees extensively on his 
 land, in the centre of the town, soon after 1771. He began to 
 sell cider and vinegar as early as 1785. The price for apples 
 was Is. Qd. per bushel ; for vinegar, Is. 6d. per gallon, and for 
 cider, 5s. per barrel. 
 
 Potatoes. — Potatoes were unknown to the first settlers of 
 Whately as an article of food. Mr. Justin Morton stated to 
 the author, that " David Graves brought the first potatoe into 
 town in his saddle-bags, on his return from Boston, about 1705." 
 He added, " the boys loved to go over to the Straits and do 
 chores for Mr. Graves, for he would give them a potatoe as 
 pay, and we used to carry it home and plant it. I can remember 
 when they did not have any potatoes on the table for dinner."* 
 
 Drinks. — Beer, made from malt and hops, was the com- 
 monest artificial drink used in families at the time Whately was 
 settled. Hops grew wild in many places ; but most house- 
 holders had a few hills in their gardens, or beside the pig-pen. 
 Malt was made of barley, and meslin, and a poor grade of 
 winter wheat mixed with chess. A small family would lay in 
 
 * " The culture of the potatoe, in this part of America, was first intro- 
 dyced by the Scotch who settled Nutfield, now Londonderry, N. II., in 
 1718-21.''^— Everetfs Life of Stark. The same people settled Pelham, 
 Mass., about 1740, and started the cultivation of the potatoe there. It 
 found its way into Iladley before 17G0. At first, it was regarded by our 
 people as an unfit article of food; and the prejudice against it Avas slow 
 in (riving way. Many of the older folks refused to taste it till the day of 
 their death. In some towns it was looked upon as a sort of forbidden 
 fruit. The Rev. Jonathan Hubbard, of Sheffield, (who d. 1705,) came 
 near being dealt with by the church for raining twenty bushels of potatoes 
 in one ijear. About 1780, potatoes are mentioned in Parson Wells's account 
 book; sold in small quantities of from one-half to one and two bushels. 
 The price was Is. 6d. per bushel. 
 
77 
 
 oiglit bushels of mult for :i year's supply ; larger fauiilies would 
 lay in as many as lifteen bushels. There is no reeord of a malt- 
 house in A\*hately. Tiie malting for our families was done by 
 Joshua Dickinson, of Hatfield, and, after him, by ]Mr. \\'ilkie. 
 A strong ale was sometimes made ; but the beer for common use 
 was weaker, and was brewed in the summer time as often as 
 once a week. Flip was made from this weaker beev. Barley 
 coffee was considerably used as a breakf\ist drink ; acorn coffee, 
 occasionally. Tea, and foreign coffee, were rarities at the tables 
 of the common farmers. After apples became plenty, though 
 beer continued to be used, cider became the family drink. Milk 
 punch and flip were the favorite drams for home use ; fli[) of the 
 tavern loungers. The latter was sold by the nnig. After cider 
 took the place of beer, cider brandy largely took the place of flip. 
 
 Maple Sugar. — The Indians appear to have learned the art 
 of making syrup from the sap of the maple ; and as soon as they 
 obtained kettles by barter with the whites, they made sugar in 
 considerable quantities, — though of an inferior quality. They 
 had manufactured it as early as 1750. It was made by the 
 Chestnut plain settlers ever after they became established, though 
 at first in small quantities. Before the lievolution, some families 
 depended on it for their year's supply; and, in 1784 or '85, it 
 became to some extent an article of trade. The price at first 
 was Gd. per pound. 
 
CHAPTER VII 
 
 THE TOWN INCORPORATED. 
 
 In this chapter it is proper to give in full the Act of Incorpo- 
 ration as copied from the original parchment ; and to insert 
 copies of Letters, showing the origin of the name adopted, as 
 well as other official documents, of permanent value and interest. 
 All these papers are copied from originals in the office of the 
 Secretary of the Commonwealth. 
 
 Jinno Regni Regis Georgii Terlii Undecimo. 
 
 An Act for erecting the northerly part of the town of Hat- 
 field, in the County of Hampshire, into a town by the name of 
 Whately. 
 
 Whereas the inhabitants of the northerly part of the town 
 of Hatfield, in the County of Hampshire, have made application 
 to this Court, that the northerly part of said town may be incor- 
 porated into a distinct and separate Town, 
 
 Be it enacted by the Governor, Council, and House of Rep- 
 resentatives, 
 
 That the northerly part of the said town of Hatfield, which is 
 contained within the lines and limits following, That is to say, 
 Besinning: at the northeast corner of the General Field, there 
 called the North Meadow and Farms, thence in the north line of 
 the said General Field to the northwest corner thereof, from the 
 said northwest corner of that Field the said line to run in a direct 
 course to the southeast corner of the Mill Swamp, which belongs 
 to Moses Dickinson ; thence in the south line of the said Mill 
 Swamp to the southwest corner thereof, adjoining there to the 
 east side of that way called the Chestnut-Plain road ; thence 
 
 (78) 
 
79 
 
 south on the east side of the said way to a point where a line at 
 rii;lit angles with the east line of said way and one rod south of 
 the bridge there, called the A\'est Brook bridue would intersect 
 the aforesaid east line of the said way ; iVoni the said j)oint of 
 intersection to continue such right angular line as aforesaid to the 
 west side of the said way ; thence to the northeast corner of 
 the lot laid out to Sanuiel Kcllog in the Tiiird Dixision ol" C'oni- 
 inons : thence west in the north line of the said lot to a point 
 at which a line parallel to and li;df a inik; distant from the 
 east line of the Three .Mile Additional Grant, so called, would 
 intersect the said north line of the lot last mentioned ; thence 
 in such )>arallel line last mentioned to the District of (\:»n- 
 way ; thence in the line dividing between llatlicld and the 
 town of Deerfield and District of Conway to the Connecticut 
 Kiver ; thence on the west side of the said liiver to the station 
 first mentioned : — Ac, and herehy is, erected into a separate 
 Town by the name of WhatcJij: And tiiat the inlialtitants of 
 the said town be, and are hereby invested with all the powers, 
 j)rivileges, and imnumities that towns in this Province enjoy bv 
 law, that of sending a Kepresentative to the General Coiut only 
 excepted : and that the said town of AMiately shall have full 
 right and liberty from time to time, to join with the town of 
 Hatfield in the choice of Representative, to be chosen of the 
 towns of Hatfield or the said town of \VhatcIy indirterently, to 
 represent them in the (leneral Assembly : and that the said 
 town of AA'hately shall from time to time bear their pioportion 
 of the expense of such liepresentatives with the said town of 
 Hatfield, according to their respective propoition of the Prov- 
 iiu'c tax : and the freeholders and other inhabitants of the said 
 town of A\'hately shall be notified of the time and place of elec- 
 tion, by a warrant from the selectmen of Hatfield directed to the 
 constable or constables of the said town of A\'hately, requiiiiig 
 such constable or constables to warn the freeholders and other 
 inhabitants of the said Whately qualified to vote in the choice 
 of a Ixepresentative, to meet at the time and place of election, 
 which warrant shall be returned by such constable or constai)Ies, 
 with certificate of his or their doings thereon, to tlu' selectmen 
 of the town of Hatfield, before the time for holding every such 
 nicetiuii. 
 
80 
 
 Provided iicvertliclcss, and he it enacted, That the inhabi- 
 tants of the said town of Whately shall pay their proportion 
 of such Pi'ovince, County and Town Taxes as are already set on 
 them by the Town of Hatfield, in like manner as though this Act 
 had not been made ; and the constables chosen by the town of 
 Hatfield, at their annual meeting- in March, anno dumini one 
 thousand seven hundred and seventy, are hereby fully authorized 
 and impovvered to levy and collect all such taxes assessed upon 
 the inhabitants and lands in the said town of Whately, and are 
 directed to pay in the same in the same manner they would and 
 ought by law to have done, had not this Act been made. 
 
 Provided nevertheless, and he it further enacted, That the 
 treasurer of the town of Hatfield be, and he is hereby impovv- 
 ered and directed to pay the town treasurer of the said town of 
 Whately, and for the use of the said town, such a proportion of 
 the sum of Thirty Pounds, which was raised by the town of 
 Hatfield at their meeting on the first Monday in December last, 
 for providing Preaching in the said town of Hatfield in the year 
 then next ensuing, as has been assessed upon the inhabitants and 
 lands within the limits of the said town of Whately, agreeable 
 to the List last taken by the assessors of Hatfield ; and the 
 treasurer of the said town of Whately is hereby fully authorized 
 and impowered to demand and receive of the treasurer of Hat- 
 field such proportion of the said Thirty Pounds as aforesaid. 
 
 A.nd he it further enacted, That William Williams, Esq., 
 be, and hereby is impowered and directed to issue his warrant to 
 some principal inhabitant of the said town of Whately, requiring 
 him to warn tlie inhabitants of the said Whately, qualified as 
 hereinafter mentioned, to meet at some suitable time and place 
 in said town, to choose such oflficers as towns in this Province are 
 impowered and enjoined by law to choose in the month of ^lareh 
 annually, which they are hereby impowered to choose at such 
 meeting. 
 
 A.nd he it further enacted. That the inhabitants of the said 
 town of AVhately, who in the last tax in the town of Platfield 
 were rated one-half part so much for their Estates and Faculties 
 as for a single Poll, shall be allowed to vote in their first meet- 
 ing, and such other meetings as niav be called in the said town 
 
81 
 
 of Whately, until a valuation of Estates sliall be made by 
 assessors tiicre. 
 
 jind be it further enacted. That no person happening to 
 reside or be wiihin the limits of the said town of Whately, at 
 the end of the present session of this Court, who would not then 
 have become an inliabitant of Hatfield had not this Act been made, 
 shall become an inhal)itant of the said town of \Miately, or have 
 legal claim or right to any of the j)rivileges of an inhabitant 
 there, anything herein before contained to the contrary notwith- 
 standing. 
 
 And the said town of AVhately shall be, and hereby is fully 
 impowered to proceed with all such persons residing there, who 
 at the end of the said present session of this Court, would not 
 have been inhabitants of Hatfield, in the same manner the town 
 of Hatfield then, or at any time before, might have })rocceded 
 with them touching their removal. Consented to by the Gov- 
 ernor, April 2-i, [as appears from the Journal, not actually 
 signed till April 2(),] 1771. 
 
 An Act to set off Thomas Sanderson and others, from Deer- 
 field, and annex them to Whately. 
 
 Be it enacted by the Senate and House of JRepre.sentatives 
 in General Court assembled, and by authority of the same^ 
 That from and after the passage of this Act, Thomas Sanderson, 
 Ebenezer Barnard, and elustin Morton, with their polls and 
 estates, together with the lands and the inhabitants thereon, 
 within the limits hereafter described — that is to say, BcginninfT 
 at the south-west corner of Thomas Sanderson's land in the north 
 line of Whately, thence running northerly on a line parallel with 
 the original east line of Conway to the north line of Lot Num- 
 ber Sixteen in Long-hill, west Division, so called, thence run- 
 ning eastwardly on the north line of said Lot No. IG to the east 
 end of fJustin Morton's land, thence southerly on the east line 
 of Justin Morton's land, to the south line of William Tryon's 
 land, thence eastwardly on the south line of AVilliam Tryon's 
 land, to the east side of the County road leading from Deerfield 
 to Whately, thence southwardly on the east line of said County 
 road, to the north line of Whately, including all lands within 
 the said running line and the north line of Whately, — be, and 
 
82 
 
 they hereby are j^ct off from the town of Deerfield, and annexed 
 to the town of Whately. 
 
 Passed March 5, 1810. 
 
 The Name of the Town. — It is -a singular fact that the ori- 
 gin of the name, Whately, has been hitherto wholly unknown. 
 No tradition, or conjecture, has existed in relation to it. The 
 memory of a single individual, in 1848, furnished the writer with 
 the following hint. Mr. Oliver Graves (born 1761) said, " I was 
 ten years old when Mr. Salmon White came to our house and 
 read tiie warrant for the first town meeting. My father asked 
 him why it was called Whately? He answered, 'It is the name 
 of a man.'" The inference from this incident, as well as from 
 the absence of any tradition, is, that the name was not suggested 
 by the inhabitants of the territory. An examination of the 
 Records and files of the General Court for 1771, renders it 
 pretty certain that no Petition for an Act of incorporation, 
 sio-ned by residents, was sent in. The wording of the Preamble 
 seems to imply that there was no such petition — " have made 
 a|)plication to this Court " — probably through Israel Williams, 
 Esq., the representative from Hatfield for that year. And the 
 oriffinal draft of the Act of incorporation discloses the singular 
 fact, that the bill passed through its several readings in the lower 
 House, and received the concurrence of the Council, ivith the 
 name left in blank. The inference is, that the name was not 
 selected by the House of Representatives, nor by the Council. 
 And further examination shows that the name was not inserted 
 on the parchment by the engrossing Clerk, but was inserted by 
 the Governor, in his customary hand writing, when it was pre- 
 sented to him for his official signature. This gives the clew to 
 the man for whom the town received its name. 
 
 From letters preserved in the State Archives, it appears that 
 a oentleman of the name of Thomas Whately was at this time 
 connected with the British Government ; that he took a special 
 interest in, and was thoroughly conversant with the afitiirs of the 
 Massachusetts Colony ; and was an intimate friend, and trusted 
 adviser of Governor Hutchinson. There is hardly room for doubt 
 that the Governor inserted the name Whately in the Act of incor- 
 poration, out of compliment to his London friend. 
 
83 
 
 The letter above alluded to is here inserted, partly for its his- 
 torie value, as throwinij light on the British view of our political 
 affairs, and partly as a memorial of a man of whom nothinii' has 
 hitherto been known by us, and in wh(jm every citizen of the 
 town nnist feel a personal interest. 
 
 London, Wth Februarij, 17 09. 
 
 Sir: — I have deferred answering your favors of 17 October 
 and 10 Deceml)er, till the consideration of American affairs was 
 over: I am sorry to sav how little has been done; I am afraid 
 no more is intendetl. I will therefore give you a full, tho' 1 
 doubt not a satisfactory account of our proceedings, as I appre- 
 hend for y" winter. 
 
 The manner in which iNIr. Danforth's petiticm was received 
 appears in the votes of 28 January. The manner in which it 
 had been obtained was known to y" Ministry, and stated to the 
 House ; but tiieir great desire to admit some American petition 
 induced them to receive it, entering it only as a petition of indi- 
 viduals, not of the Council : to some, liowever, the implied 
 assertion of the Right, was an insuperable objec^tion : the Min- 
 isters overlooked it, and yet the next day insisted on rejecting a 
 ])etition of ]\Ir. Bollan, tho' perfectly innocent, and tlio', because 
 it was so, Mr. Grenville wdth many more strongly pressed to 
 have it received. 
 
 These were all the material events previous to the considera- 
 tion of the Ilesolution and Address sent down by the Lords. 
 The Commons have agreed to them, with some amendments in 
 point of accuracy. I cannot {)retend to state to you all that 
 passed in two days' debate upon them ; tho' inefficacy and the 
 locality of the plan proposed were much insisted on : Lord 
 Ivockingham's and Lord Shelbourne's friends objected to the 
 whole; Mr. Grenville, tho' he ridiculed and disapproved of such 
 plan for such a crisis as much as any body, and particularly 
 urged the absurdity of exasperating a deluded people with angry 
 words, while the Tanieness of the measure would encourage 
 them, yet as the facts had been stated by the Lords, he would 
 not, by a negative to the liesolutions, give any reason to suppose 
 that he countenanced the transactions therein condemned : nor, 
 on the other hand, by assenting to the Address, shew anyappx-o- 
 
84 
 
 bation of a measure so inadequate to the occasion. You will 
 easily see what must have been suggested on these topics. I will 
 not trouble you with arguments which so obviously occur ; but 
 confine myself to what was said on the Statute of Henry the 
 Eighth. They who opposed the whole plan, generjflly, not uni- 
 versally, disputed the application of the Act to the Colonies : it 
 was passed before they existed : the Title and the preamble pre- 
 vent such an ap[)Iication, unless upon admission that y" Colonies 
 are not within the King's dominions. Some doubted whether it 
 was an existing law ; but that point was given up. Mr. Gren- 
 ville declared that he, upon the words of the pi-eamble and title 
 had been inclined to think the Statute not applicable, and won- 
 dered the Ministers had not rather rested on the Statute of 
 Edward the Sixth, which was less doubtful ; but said that the 
 precedents and authorities cited by the Attorney General had 
 convinced him that the Act did extend to every part of the 
 King's dominions. Those authorities were many. In O'rooke's 
 Case, reported in Anderson, the twelve Judges were unanimously 
 of opinion that the Act extended to treasons committed in Ire- 
 land, tho' there is a separate Parliament, and every species of 
 Jurisdiction for constituting and trying any offences. Lord Hale 
 in many passages maintains that treasons committed in Ireland, 
 and Guernsey, and in the Remains of the Duchy of Normandy 
 are triable under that Statute in Enjjland : Even a Peer of Ire- 
 land, tho' amenable there only before the House of Lords, may 
 be and often has been tried here by a common Jury. At the 
 latter end of Queen Anne's reign, one Kirby was bro't from 
 Antigua to be tried on that statute here, for a treason committed 
 there. The proceeding was on an opinion of Northey, xVttorney 
 General, and Raymond, Solicitor General, and passed y" Coun- 
 cil, when Lord Chancellor Harcourt, and Lord Chancellor J. 
 Parker, afterwards Lord Chancellor Macclesfield, were present: 
 he was indicted and [)leaded, as ai)pears from y* Record of King's 
 Bench, but afterwards broke prison. Not one Lawyer in the 
 House supported a doctrine contrary to such authorities : as I cite 
 them from memory, you will [jurdon any little inaccuracies : In 
 y" material points I am exact, and I thought you would wish to 
 be furnished with them, as after debate upon the subject here, I 
 conclude it will be matter of controversy with you. 
 
85 
 
 I do not hear of any design to bring in a bill to explain or 
 amend y° Mutiny Act, though J have not been wanting to signify 
 thro' proj)er channels y" difficulties which you have informed me 
 occur in y' execution of it : but perhaps they stay till further 
 experience has shown y" whole extent of what may be necessary 
 to alter. I fear all parliamentai'y proceedings relative to America 
 are at end for the present, and that this, with the long letter I 
 wrote you on the 14 Xov "■ is the whole History of y° session. 
 As to y" jMinistcrial measures, tho' when Parliament was called 
 upon to approve of them, y* Ministers were in return called upon 
 to declare, whether they meant to abide by them, especially 
 y" suspension of y" Assemblies, no answer could be obtained ; 
 but there has not appeared the least idea of withdrawing y'^ Troops 
 from Boston, nor will the last Ivevenue Law be repealed, or I 
 believe altered, whilst the Right to impose duties is questioned. 
 The opinion without doors on the claims of the Colonics, and the 
 behaviour of y"^^ Bostonians seem to me the same as they have 
 been for some time past, and the concurrence of y" other Colonies 
 in the Principles of Boston only confirm those opinions. 
 I have the honour to be, 
 with great respect, 
 
 Your most obedient, 
 humble serv 
 
 ^_y^ ^^777 ^rL-A/' _ 
 
 To The 
 
 Hon'"" Lieut. Gov. Hutchinson. 
 
 Since these pages were prepared for the press, the following 
 letter has been discovered among some old papers in the State 
 Department. It explains itself. 
 
 Boston, 14 Maij, 1771. 
 Dr. Sir : — Permit me to congratidate you upon the honour 
 done you in your late appointment. It is what I have long wished 
 for, and I hope the junction of so many of Mr. Grenville's friends 
 
86 
 
 will strengthen Government, and render the present Administra- 
 tion of long continuance. A durable Ministry, and a few exam- 
 ples in England of punishment for the seditious principles and 
 practices so prevalent there, would discourage the disturbers of 
 the peace here. They triumph when their correspondents write 
 that vou are in danger of a jjreat convulsion : as soon as their 
 hopes of it are over, they are depressed and hide their heads. 
 
 Among the Acts passed in the late session of the General 
 Court, you will see one for incorporating a Township by the 
 name of Whately. This is but a poor mark of respect. I wish 
 it may be in my power to give you further proof of my being, 
 with very great regard and esteem, 
 
 Sir, 
 
 Your most humble 
 
 and most obedient servant, 
 t. fiutciiinson. 
 Thomas Whately. 
 
 There is a natural desire to know who lived in Whately, who 
 owned houses here, and what were their pecuniary circum- 
 stances, when the town first started. And as a full, accurate 
 and reliable account of the condition of affairs at this date, the 
 following List of the Polls and Estates of the inhabitants of the 
 Town is here subjoined. Though the month is not given, it was 
 evidently made out in May, 1771. It will be seen that some 
 early settlers are not included in the list. Lieut. Ebenezer 
 Bardwell was at this date a resident of Deerfield. Adonijah 
 Taylor and Gideon Dickinson were living north of the line, in 
 what was afterwards annexed to the town from Deerfield. Noah 
 Wells had probably removed, temporarily, to the Equivalent 
 Lands, afterwards Hawley. Joel Dickinson had removed to 
 Conway. Capt. Lucius Allis had removed to Conway. 
 
87 
 
 Polls and Estates, Whately, 1771. 
 
 
 '•""•■ ""n:^ "-"-»• c-"- 
 
 Oxen. 
 
 I!u<^li<Ms 
 
 No. (irrrs 
 Tillajc*; I.aiiJ 
 
 Daniel .Morton . 
 
 .2113 
 
 2 
 
 159 
 
 12 
 
 Oliver Graves . 
 
 2 112 
 
 2 
 
 130 
 
 13 
 
 David (Graves . . 
 
 11 2 
 
 2 
 
 80 
 
 12 
 
 Klislia Holding . . 
 
 1 1 2 
 
 
 GO 
 
 11 
 
 John Crafts 
 
 
 2 
 
 15 
 
 3 
 
 Joseph Crafts . . . 
 
 
 1 
 
 15 
 
 3 
 
 Israel Graves . . . 
 
 1112 
 
 2 
 
 33 
 
 5i 
 
 Simeon Wait . . 
 
 2 12 4 
 
 2 
 
 200 
 
 20" 
 
 Henry Stiles . . 
 
 1112 
 
 
 G4 
 
 4 
 
 Oliver Morton . 
 
 1112 
 
 4 
 
 85 
 
 8^ 
 
 Benj. Smith, Jr. . 
 
 1 1 1 
 
 
 48 
 
 8 
 
 Moses Crafts . . 
 
 1 3 sheep 
 
 
 
 
 Peter Train . . . 
 
 1112 
 
 2 
 
 45 
 
 5 
 
 Edward Brown 
 
 3 1 3 () 
 
 o 
 
 26 
 
 4 
 
 Abraham Turner . 
 
 2 1 3 
 
 2 
 
 24 
 
 4 
 
 Benoni Crafts . 
 
 1112 
 
 1 
 
 35 
 
 5 
 
 Paul Belding . . . 
 
 1112 
 
 2 
 
 24 
 
 3 
 
 Ezra Turner 
 
 1 1 2 
 
 
 1(3 
 
 2 
 
 Ilosca Curtis . 
 
 1 1 2 
 
 
 
 
 Joseph Kellogg 
 
 
 
 
 
 Joseph Belding, Jr. . 
 
 112 3 
 
 2 
 
 150 
 
 23 
 
 Nathaniel Sartle 
 
 1112 
 
 
 60 
 
 12 
 
 Tlionius Sanderson 
 
 2 113 
 
 2 
 
 1G4 
 
 24 
 
 Nathaniel Coleman 
 
 
 
 
 
 Abel Parker . . . 
 
 1 1 
 
 2 
 
 140 
 
 20 
 
 Jonathan Smith 
 
 2 112 
 
 2 
 
 39 
 
 G 
 
 Elisha Frary . . 
 
 11 1 3 
 
 2 
 
 30 
 
 5 
 
 Lemuel Wells . 
 
 1 12 
 
 
 
 
 John Wait . . . 
 
 2 111 
 
 1 
 
 132 
 
 22 
 
 Joseph Scott . . 
 
 
 1 
 
 84 
 
 14 
 
 Seth \Vait . . . 
 
 1113 
 
 4 
 
 140 
 
 20 
 
 Thomas Crafts . 
 
 1 1 2 
 
 2 
 
 80 
 
 8 
 
 Philip Smith . . 
 
 .1112 
 
 
 86 
 
 16 
 
 David Scott . . 
 
 3 12 2 
 
 4 
 
 88 
 
 11 
 
 Noah Bardwell 
 
 .1114 
 
 4 
 
 48 
 
 6 
 
 Paul Smith . . . 
 
 1111 
 
 
 32 
 
 4 
 
 Nathan Graves 
 
 2 112 
 
 2 
 
 56 
 
 8 
 
 AV^id. Lois Parker . 
 
 .1113 
 
 4 
 
 35 
 
 7 
 
 John Wait, Jr. 
 
 1 2 
 
 1 
 
 21 
 
 3 
 
 Joshua Beldin . 
 
 1113 
 
 
 140 
 
 20 
 
88 
 
 Polls. ^7';!!!,'^^ Horses. Cows. Oicn. 
 
 Benjamin Scott 
 Benj. Scott, Jr. 
 Elislia Smith 
 Martin Graves . 
 Salmon White . 
 Perez Bardwell 
 Samuel Carley . 
 Benjamin Smith 
 Thomas Allen . 
 William Kellog 
 John Graves 
 Elihu Graves . 
 David Scott, Jr. 
 
 Non Residents. 
 Elisha Allis . . 
 Nathaniel Hawks 
 
 Bushels 
 Grain. 
 
 140 
 
 No. acres 
 Tillage Land 
 
 23 
 
 119 
 
 17 
 
 80 
 
 10 
 
 71 
 
 10 
 
 88 
 
 11 
 
 56 
 
 8 
 
 G6 
 
 11 
 
 12 
 
 2 
 
 40 
 
 Daniel Morton 
 Oliver Graves . 
 David Graves . 
 Elisha Belding . 
 John Crafts 
 Israel Graves . 
 Simeon Wait . 
 Henry Stiles . 
 Oliver Morton . 
 Benj. Smith, Jr. . 
 Peter Train 
 Edward Brown 
 Abraham Turner . 
 Benoni Crafts . 
 Paul Belding . 
 Ezra Turner . 
 Ilosea Curtis . 
 Joseph Belding, Jr. 
 Nathaniel Sartle . 
 Thomas Sanderson 
 Abel Parker . . 
 
 Acres 
 Enplish 
 Mowinif. 
 
 12 
 
 6 
 3 
 2 
 
 10 
 4 
 
 13 
 G 
 
 11 
 9 
 G 
 6 
 
 IG 
 G 
 6 
 1 
 
 10 
 
 4^ 
 9 
 
 4 
 
 Acres 
 
 3tura^e. 
 
 
 Acres 
 
 Enplish 
 Mowing. 
 
 Acres 
 Pa.sturag< 
 
 20 
 
 Jona. Smith . 
 
 . 6 
 
 7 
 
 12 
 
 Elisha Frary . . 
 
 7 
 
 12 
 
 5 
 
 IMoses Frary . 
 
 
 6 
 
 4 
 
 John Wait . . . 
 
 7 
 
 2 
 
 
 Joseph Scott . 
 
 2 
 
 5 
 
 2G 
 
 Seth Wait . . . 
 
 G 
 
 16 
 
 20 
 
 Thomas Crafts . . 
 
 9 
 
 8 
 
 8 
 
 Philip Smith . . 
 
 6 
 
 6 
 
 25 
 
 David Scott . . 
 
 18 
 
 12 
 
 
 Noah Bardwell 
 
 6 
 
 ' 80 
 
 20 
 
 Paul Smith 
 
 3 
 
 20 
 
 20 
 
 Benj. Scott 
 
 7 
 
 
 4 
 
 Elisha Smith , 
 
 3 
 
 
 7 
 
 Martin Graves 
 
 5 
 
 3 
 
 12 
 
 Salmon White . 
 
 11 
 
 18 
 
 H 
 
 Perez Bardwell 
 
 20 
 
 8 
 
 6 
 
 John Graves . 
 
 
 30 
 
 10 
 
 David Scott, Jr. . 
 
 
 6 
 
 
 Nathan Graves 
 
 11 
 
 18 
 
 3 
 
 Wid. Lois Parker 
 
 G 
 
 3 
 
 10 
 
 Joshua Beldin 
 
 10 
 
 30 
 
89 
 
 Non-residents. 
 Elisba A His ... 20 
 Nathaniel Hawks 
 Reuben Bekling 
 Gideon Dickinson 
 Simeon Morton 
 Noah Coleman 
 Abner Dickinson 
 Eleazer Frary 
 Daniel Graves 
 Samuel Dickinson 14 
 
 Remembrance Bardwell 
 Eleazer AUis . 
 Elijah Morton . 
 Joscpli Billings 
 David Billings 
 Jonathan Allis 
 
 Acrei Acres 
 
 tiigiisn pajturagc. 
 Moviiip. 
 
 60 
 4 
 
 8 
 
 3^ 
 12 
 30 
 IG 
 
 2 
 11 
 30 
 80 
 
 3 
 
 3 
 
 Acres 
 English 
 Mowing. 
 
 28 
 
 Eliakim Field . 
 Medad Field . 
 Samuel Church 
 Noah Nash . . 
 Elijah Dickinson 
 Benj. Wait 
 Jonathan Morton 
 Moses Wait 
 Israel Williams, E: 
 David ]Morton . 
 Oba. Dickinson 
 Mary Smith 
 Joseph Smith . 
 Elisha Wait . 
 Benj. Wait, Jr 
 Moses Frary, 
 
 sq 
 
 Acres 
 Pasiuragre. 
 
 14 
 
 10 
 
 8 
 
 30 
 
 16 
 
 8 
 
 11 
 
 4 
 
 30 
 
 16 
 
 20 
 
 20 
 
 6 
 
 2 
 
 9 
 
 6 
 
 Four resklents were not taxed, viz : Rev. Rufus Wells, 
 Joseph Sanderson, Sen., Josej)h Belding, Sen., Richard Chaun- 
 cey. Of the non-residents, Eleazer Frary had 6 acres of tillage 
 land, and raised 48 bushels of grain ; Daniel Graves had 5^ 
 acres, and 38 bushels ; Obadiah Dickinson had 7 acres, and 42 
 bushels ; Mary Smith had 10 acres, and 90 bushels ; Benjamin 
 Wait, Jr., had 3 acres, and 21 bushels. Edward Brown had a 
 saw mill ; Reuben Belding, a saw mill and a grist mill ; Paul 
 Belding had a tan house. 
 
 Sm 
 
 I.MARY. 
 
 Number of Polls, ratable 
 
 " " " not ratable 
 
 " " Dwelling houses 
 
 " " Tan House . 
 
 " " Horses . 
 
 " " Cows . 
 
 " " Oxen . 
 
 " " Sheep . 
 
 " " Swine — over three months old 
 
 " " Bushels of grain raised 
 
 '• " Barrels of cider made . 
 
 " " Tons of English hay 
 
 " Saw mills, 2 ; Grist mill, 1 . 
 
 " " Non-resident land owners 
 
 H 
 
 71 
 
 4 
 40 
 
 1 
 
 45 
 99 
 64 
 
 375 
 
 56 
 
 3495 
 
 17 
 
 182^ 
 
 3 
 
 32 
 
90 
 
 Though a little out of their proper places, yet for the sake 
 of ready comparison, the following Certificate, and Assessors' 
 Return, are inserted here. 
 
 This may certify that the number of males from sixteen years 
 old and upwards in the town of Whately, is one hundred and 
 bIx (106) white persons, and two (2) negroes. 
 
 
 Joseph Belding, ^ 
 
 Selectmen 
 
 John Smith, ^ 
 
 of 
 
 Oliver Graves, 3 
 
 Whately. 
 
 Whately, Jan. 20, 1777. 
 
 
 Valuation of Estates and Polls in Whately, as established by the General 
 
 Court, 1786. 
 
 
 Number of Polls, ratable .... 
 
 185 
 
 
 ' '< '< jiot ratable .... 
 
 6 
 
 
 ' " Dwelling houses .... 
 
 68 
 
 
 ' " Tan House 
 
 1 
 
 
 " Grist Mill— Sam '1 Belding . 
 
 1 
 
 
 ' ' ' Saw minis ..... 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 ' " Barns ..... 
 
 45 
 
 
 ' " Young neat cattle, . 
 
 177 
 
 
 ' " Horses — 3 years old and upwards . 
 
 85 
 
 
 ' " Oxen, ..... 
 
 88 
 
 
 ' " Cows — 3 years old and upwards 
 
 171 
 
 
 " Sheep, 
 
 264 
 
 
 " Swine — over three months old 
 
 149 
 
 
 " Barrels of cider .... 
 
 96 
 
 
 ' " Acres of tillage land 
 
 6191 
 
 
 " Acres of English mowing 
 
 220 
 
 
 ' " Acres of fresh meadow. 
 
 256 
 
 
 ' " Acres of pasture land . 
 
 16081 
 
 
 ' " Acres of woodland 
 
 161 
 
 
 " Acres of unimproved land 
 
 5325 
 
 
 • " Acres of unimprovable land . 
 
 953 
 
 Sto 
 
 ck in Trade . . ..... 
 
 £ 57 
 
 The first meeting for the election of town oflficers was held at 
 the house of Daniel Morton, innholder, May 6, 1771. The 
 oflScers chosen were as follows : — Salmon White, Toicn Clerk, 
 and Treasurer; Joseph Belding, Jun., and Henry Stiles, Con- 
 stables ; John Wait, Simeon Wait, Edward Bi-own, Salmon 
 
91 
 
 White, and Philip Smith, Selectmen; Edward Brown, Philip 
 Smith, and Salmon White, .Assessors ; Thomas Crafts, Sealer 
 of ]Vei(/hts and Measures; Thomas Sanderson, Sealer of 
 Leather ; Peter Train, Oliver Graves, and Benj. Smith, Sur- 
 veyors of Iligh^caijs ; Israel Graves, Noah Bardwell, and John 
 Wait, Jun., Fence Vieiuers ; Benj. Scott, Jan., John Brown, 
 and Joseph Crafts, Field Drivers; Elisha Belding and Noah 
 Bardwell, Tything-men ; Benj. Smith, Perez Bardwell, and 
 Abraham Turner, Wardens ; John Crafts, Martin Graves, 
 and Elisha Frary, Deer Reeves ; Thomas Crafts, Surveyor of 
 Shingles; Peter Train, Gad Smith, and Lemuel Wells, Hog 
 Reeves. 
 
 The leading interests of the town will be treated of in separate 
 chapters ; but some votes, characteristic of the time, which were 
 passed at the earlier meetings, are here copied: — 
 
 Voted, To build a pound forty feet square. 
 
 Voted, That the Selectmen provide a Law book and a Record 
 book. 
 
 Voted, To provide a grave cloth for the use of the town. 
 
 Voted, That David Scott and Joseph Scott be a Committee 
 to provide two biers for the use of the town. 
 
 Voted, That hogs may run at large from May 1, to October 
 15, being properly yoked and rung. 
 
 Voted, To let two milch cows to a family run on the 
 Commons. 
 
 It will be seen that the last Section of the Act of Incorporation 
 provides that the town shall have full power " to proceed with " 
 persons "touching their removal." This provision shows the 
 extreme care taken by our fathers to guard the rights and priv- 
 ileges of citizenship. They wanted in every citizen, moral 
 worth, and habits of industry and economy, and a purpose of 
 permanent settlement. Hence the custom prevailed generally 
 throughout the Province, of " warning out of town "all transient 
 persons, and all who did not purchase real estate, and all strangers 
 not vouched for by some inhabitant. And when a stranger came 
 into town to reside, the person into whose family or tenement he 
 came, was required to give notice to the Selectmen of the name 
 of the person or persons, the [)lace from which he came, his 
 
92 
 
 pecuniary circumstances, and the date of his coming to town. 
 The authorities would then, at their discretion, allow him to 
 remain, or order him to be " warned and cautioned as the law 
 directs." A person so warned was prevented from gaining a 
 settlement, and the town escaped liability for his support. In 
 several instances, this town availed itself of the right in question, 
 as the following warrant will show : — 
 
 Hampshire, ss. To either of the constables of the town of 
 Whately, in said county : Greeting : — In the name of the Com- 
 monwealth of Massachusetts, you are directed to warn Samuel 
 Brass and Sabra Andross, transient persons, lately come into 
 this town for the purpose of abiding therein, not having the 
 town's consent therefor, that they depart the limits thereof with 
 their children and others under their care, within fifteen days, 
 and make due return of your doings to the clerk of the town. 
 
 Signed hy the Selectmen. 
 
 The names of others, "warned" at different times, are: — 
 Robert Durfy, Jonathan Bacon, John Lamson, Benjamin Bacon, 
 Jonathan Clark, Zebina Lyon, Enoch Bird, Noah Coleman, 
 William Brown, William Brown, Jr., Elisha Frary, Jr., Josiah 
 Brown, Nath'l Coleman, Isaac Frary, Thomas Castwell. Some 
 of these became permanent i-esidcnts, and were among our best 
 citizens. Some of them were " Shays' men," and received the 
 "warning" after the overthrow of that Rebellion, when they 
 attempted to regain a settlement. In 1790, the town voted, 
 " that all* persons that are found seized of the freehold estate of 
 the clear annual income of £3, shall be entitled to habitance, 
 to every intent and purpose." 
 
CHAPTER VIII 
 
 ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY. 
 
 In anticipation of a town organization, steps had been taken 
 to secure regular Sabbath ordinances. In the February preced- 
 ing, Mr. David Scott, acting in behalf of the others, had engaged 
 Mr. Rufus Wells, of Deerficld, to preach, and he had supplied 
 them from March 6, to April 28. The first entry in Mr. Wells's 
 account book, gives the full history of this preliminary transac- 
 tion. 
 
 1771. 
 
 David Scott 
 
 Dr. 
 
 Mar. 6, to Apr. 28. To preaching to the people in Whately 
 eight Sabbaths, by your engagement, on whom my de- 
 mand is, and not y said people ..... 
 
 1771. 
 April 29. 
 May 1.5. 
 " 17. 
 June 5. 
 July 9. 
 Oct. 2.5. 
 Dec. 23. 
 Jan. 22. 
 Apr. 7. 
 June 22. 
 May and June 
 
 Contra 
 By cash received of Mr. Brown 
 " " of Dan"l Morton 
 
 ' " of Elisha Frary 
 
 ' " yourself 
 
 ' " Joseph Belding, Jr 
 
 " Thomas Crafts 
 
 ' " Peter Train 
 
 ' " Ben on i Crafts 
 
 ' " Salmon White 
 
 ' " Elisha Belding 
 
 By yourself making plow, 6s. — Work hewing 
 
 £8 
 
 
 
 
 Cr. 
 
 £0 
 
 6 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 5 
 
 2 
 
 5 
 
 
 
 13 
 
 
 
 6 
 
 
 
 5 4 
 
 
 
 .5 
 
 
 
 6 
 
 
 
 4 
 
 and framing my house to balance 
 
 2 18 8 
 
 £8 
 
 At a meeting held, probably by adjournment. May 9th, three 
 days after the formal organization of the town, it was voted, 
 
 (93) 
 
94 
 
 "To raise thirty pounds for preaching." June 4, 1771, the 
 town voted, To hire Mr. Rufus Wells of Deerfield, to preach 
 six weeks upon probation. Simeon Wait, John Wait, and 
 Philip Smith were chosen a committee to engage Mr. Wells. 
 The same committee were instructed to provide a place for Mr. 
 Wells to board at ; who attended to the duty, and engaged board 
 at Daniel Morton's. Mr. Wells continued to board here, and at 
 Salmon White's, till his marriage in 1776.* 
 
 At the expiration of the six weeks' probation, the town voted, 
 To give Mr. Rufus Wells a call to settle in the Gospel ministry 
 with us. The conditions offered were as follows : a " settle- 
 ment," as it was termed, of one hundred and thirty-three pounds, 
 six shillings, and eight pence ; a salary of fifty-five pounds for 
 the first year ; and to rise forty shillings yearly till it amount to 
 seventy-five pounds. It was also voted. That Mr. Wells be 
 allowed six pounds yearly for loood, to take place at such time 
 as he sets up housekeeping. The committee to make these pro- 
 posals to Mr. Wells were Nathan Graves, Daniel Morton and 
 Salmon White. 
 
 A pound as then reckoned, was equal to three dollars, thirty- 
 three and a third cents. Hence the settlement would amount to 
 450 dollars ; and the full salary, including the allowance for 
 wood, to 270 dollars per year. This sum sounds small, com- 
 pared with ministers' salaries at the present day. But it is to 
 be considered that money is valuable according as it procures the 
 necessaries of life. Taking the price of wheat as a standard, 
 270 dollars then was equal to about 360 dollars now ; with the 
 wages of labor for a standard, which is probably more just, the 
 270 dollars was equal to 550 dollars at the present time ; taking 
 the price of land as the standard, 270 dollars then was equal to 
 2,000 dollars now. 
 
 The settlement was paid in hmd ; the town making over to 
 Mr. Wells the lot lying east of the old ])arsonage, extending 
 from land of Calvin Wells on the north, to land of J. P. Dickin- 
 son on the south, and containing near 60 acres. 
 
 After giving Mr. Wells a call, (as above,) the town, it appears, 
 applied to some of the neighboring ministers for advice in the 
 case, and received an answer as follows : 
 
 * The price paid for board was five shillings per week. 
 
95 
 
 Whereas the inhabitants of Whately have applied to us for 
 our advice respecting the settlement of ^Ir. Ruf'us Wells in the 
 work of the ministry among- them ; we hereby signify that we 
 well approve 5f their choice of the said Mr. Rufus Wells, and 
 do freely advise to his settlement in the ministry in said Whately ; 
 provided no sufficient obstacle shall appear in the way of his 
 settlement there. 
 
 Joseph Ashley. 
 
 Jonathan Ashley. 
 
 John Emerson. 
 August y'^ 2d, nil. 
 
 Formation of a Church. — As preliminary to the formation 
 of the church, at a town meeting held August 13, 1771, it was 
 voted, That Wednesday the 21st day of this August be kept as 
 a day of Fasting and Prayer by y" inhabitants of y" town of 
 Whately. 
 
 Voted, That Messrs. David Parsons of Amherst, Joseph 
 Ashley of Sunderland, Jonathan Ashley of Deerfield, Samuel 
 Hopkins of Hadley, and John Emerson of Conway, V. D. M., 
 be the persons to perform the services of the day of Fasting. 
 
 August 21, 1771. On this day of Fasting and Prayer, 
 (writes Mr. Wells in his Church Records,) there being present 
 on the occasion. Rev. Messrs Parsons, Jona. Ashley, Hopkins, 
 and Emerson, after the public services of the day were finished, 
 the members in full communion in AVhatcly were embodied into 
 a church, Ijcing recommended by the church of Christ in Hatfield, 
 to which church by far the greatest part that were embodied did 
 belong, and had communed there in all the ordinances of the 
 Gospel. 
 
 The Certificate of recommendation, above alluded to, was in 
 the lollowing words : — 
 
 These may certify, that the within mentioned persons are 
 members of the church of Christ in Hatfield, in regular standing ; 
 and as such are recommended to be embodied in a church-state 
 among themselves. 
 
 By vote of the Ch. Oba. Dickinson. 
 
 Hatfield, August 19, 1771. 
 
96 
 
 The members embodied had the following Confession of Faith, 
 and Covenant, read to them, to which they consented, and which 
 they subscribed. 
 
 CONFESSION OF F4ITH. 
 
 We believe that God who is the Creator, Lord and Judge of 
 the world, hath dfscovered his sovereignty over man, and showed 
 his mercy and goodness to him, in the clear and full Revelation 
 of his will in all things that concern man's duty to God, his 
 neighbor, and himself, and the way of his salvation and happi- 
 ness, in the Scriptures of the Old and New Testament ; which 
 we acknowledge and believe to be a perfect Rule of our faith 
 and practice, and that no new or further Revelation is to be 
 expected. 
 
 We believe concerning God, that he is the first, the greatest, 
 and the best of Beings, in whom all perfection dwells, to whom 
 nothino- can be added, and from whom nothing can be diminished. 
 
 We believe that God is one, and that in the unity of the 
 Godhead, there are that are called persons, three, the Father, 
 the Son, and the Holy Ghost ; and that these three are one in 
 essence, equal in power and glory. 
 
 We believe God to be the Creator, Governor, and Judge of 
 angels and of men, that nothing escapes his knowledge, and that 
 he rules in the kingdoms of Nature, Providence, and Grace ; 
 and according to the counsel of his own will doth all his pleasure 
 in them. 
 
 We believe that God made man male and female, with rea- 
 sonable and immortal souls, after his own image in moral recti- 
 tude, capable of knowings serving and enjoying him, and yet 
 capable of falling ; that God made a Covenant with man, — on 
 condition of perfect obedience he was to continue in the favor 
 of God, — and on his failure or disobedience, annexed death, the 
 just wages of sin, as a penalty; that in this Covenant our first 
 father stood and acted as the public head, representative of the 
 whole human species ; that he broke covenant with God by 
 eating the forbidden fruit ; that he and we by him came under 
 the curse of God's righteous law, and forfeited the blessings of 
 the first Covenant. 
 
97 
 
 We believe tliat God the Father so loved the world that he 
 gave his only beirotten Son to be a Mediator Ijetween God and 
 man in this his lapsed state ; to be born of a woman, made under 
 the law, to redeem man and his posterity from the curse of the 
 law, and to purchase eternal blessedness for them ; who as Me- 
 diator sustains the office of Prophet, Priest, and King, and is 
 made of God, wisdom, righteousness, sanctification, and redemp- 
 tion to all that receive and believe in him as offered in the Gospel ; 
 and that on such and only such he will confer everlasting life and 
 happiness, whom alone he hath predestinated to eternal life and 
 blessedness. 
 
 We believe the Immortality of the soul, and that there will be 
 a Resurrection of the body from the dead, and an equal distribu-' 
 tion of rewards and punishments to every man according to his 
 deeds done in the body, by God, who without respect of persons 
 will judge the secrets of men by Jesus Christ, according to his 
 Gospel. 
 
 We believe that it is the duty of all men constantly to observe 
 and faithfully to attend, secret, family and public worship, and 
 particularly the Ministry of the word. Prayer and Sacraments 
 of the New Testament, in and by which we believe that the Holy 
 Spirit works upon the souls of men, and makes them effectual to 
 their salvation, by the righteousness and complete obedience of 
 him who is the great Head of the Church. 
 
 Lastly, we believe that it is our duty as a society of Christians, 
 to join together as a Church of Christ, to set up, attend upon and 
 support a faithful Ministry among us. 
 
 COVENANT. 
 
 We whose names are under written, being as we apprehend 
 called of God to enter into the church-state of the Gospel, for 
 the free and constant enjoyment of God's worship and ordinances, 
 do in the first place acknowledge our unworthincss to be so highly 
 favored of the Lord, and at the same time admiring and adoring 
 the free grace of God which triumphs over so great unworthincss, 
 with humble dependence on his grace, would now thankfully lay 
 hold on his Covenant, and choose the things which please him. 
 
 Wc declare our serious and cordial belief of the Christian 
 Religion as contained in the sacred scriptures, and as it is usually 
 
98 
 
 embraced by the faithful in the churches of New England — which 
 is summarily exhibited in our Confession of Faith, as to the 
 substance of it ; heartily resolving to conform oui'selves to the 
 rules of Christ's holy religion as long as we live in the world ; 
 taking the Word of God for our only guide in all matters of 
 religion ; professing repentance for all our sins and miscarriages, 
 we desire, 
 
 2. To give up ourselves to the Lord Jehovah, Father, Son 
 and Holy Ghost, and avouch him this day to be our God, our 
 Saviour, and our Sanctifier, and receive him as our Portion 
 forever. 
 
 3. We do in particular give up ourselves to the blessed Jesus, 
 acknowledging his true Deity, and promise to adhere to him, as 
 the Head of his people in the Covenant of grace, and rely upon 
 him as our prophet, priest and king, to bring us to eternal 
 blessedness. 
 
 4. We acknowledge our everlasting and indispensable obliga- 
 tion to glorify God in all the duties of a sober, godly and reli- 
 gious life, — and very particularly in the duties of church-state, 
 and body of people associated, for an obedience to him in all the 
 ordinances of his Gospel ; and in this way we depend upon his 
 gracious assistance to enable us ^ithfully to discharge all duties 
 thus incumbent on us. 
 
 5. We do likewise promise and engage, with divine help, to 
 walk together as a Church of our Lord Jesus Christ, in the faith 
 and order of the Gospel, so fiir as we do know or shall have the 
 same made known to us ; and faithfully and constantly to attend 
 the public worship of God, and the sacraments of the New 
 Testament, and to keep family religion in our houses ; and that 
 we will carefully adhere to the laws of Christ's kingdom, with 
 reo-ard to the Discipline of the Church, and obey him in the 
 Lord whom God shall give to rule over us, and set to watch for 
 our souls ; and to attend to all God's holy institutions in com- 
 munion with one another, watching over one another for good, 
 and that in the spirit of meekness, love and tenderness ; carefully 
 avoiding all sinful stumbling blocks, strifes and contentions, and 
 that we will endeavor to keep the unity of the Spirit in the bond 
 of peace. 
 
 Finally, we do also present our Offspring with ourselves unto 
 
99 
 
 the Lord, resolving with divine he!}) and assistance to endeavor 
 our part in the method of a good and religious education that 
 they may be the Lord's ; that we will endeavor to give them 
 seasonable and suitable instructions ia»the duties both of piety 
 and charity, and enforce the same by our own good example, 
 counsels, admonitions and suitable corrections ; — and all this we 
 endeavor to do, flying to the Blood of the everlasting Covenant 
 for the free pardon of all our sins, praying that the gracious 
 Head of the Church, who is the great Shepherd of the sheep, 
 would })repare us for, and strengthen us unto every good word 
 and work, working in us that which is well pleasing in his sight, 
 through Jesus Christ, to whom be glory, honor, and thanksgiv- 
 ing forever and ever. An)en. 
 
 Salmon White, Simeon Wait, John Wait, Richard Chauncey, 
 Nathan Graves, David Scott, Thomas Crafts, Daniel Morton, 
 Israel Graves, Benjamin Smith, Philip Smith, Eli-sha Frary 
 Joshua Beldin, John Wait, Jr., David Graves, Jr., Elisha Bel- 
 ding, Oliver Graves. 
 
 Besides the above who subscribed to the Covenant, the fol- 
 lowing persons consented to it at the same time, and were em- 
 bodied into a church-state with those who subscribed: viz., 
 Ebenezer Bardvvell, Elizabeth Bardwell, Elizabeth Belding, Sub- 
 mit Scott, Abigail Smith, Martha Wait, Eunice Graves, Mary 
 White, Ruth Belding, Mary Wait, Abigail Crafts, Lydia Stiles, 
 Ruth Stiles, George Prutt, Sarah Smith, Sarah Smith, Jun., 
 Abigail Graves, Jemima Scott, Abigail Scott, Anna Beldinir, 
 Margaret Belding, Sarah Wells, Eleanor Morton, Miriam Fi'ary, 
 Elizabeth Chauncey, Abigail Smith. 
 
 Ordination of a Pastor. — Mr. Wells having given an 
 answer accepting the call to settle in the ministry, the town 
 (no record is made of any church action in the case) proceeded 
 to make the necessary preparation for his ordination. The 
 churches invited to compose the Council, and assist in the 
 ordination, were thirteen in number, as follows: — Hatfield, 
 Northampton, Hadley, Amherst, Sunderland, Montague, North- 
 field, Bernardston, Greenfield, Deerfield, Conway, Ashfield, and 
 Charleraont. 
 
100 
 
 Salmon White was agreed with, to provide for and entertain 
 the Council. ^ 
 
 The Council met, and Mr. Wells was " set apart to the work 
 of the ministry, being i^de an overseer of the Church or Flock 
 of Christ in Whately, by the laying on of the hands of the 
 Presbytery," Sept. 25, 1771. The services were held under 
 the shade of two large oaks, standing on the west side of the 
 highway, just south of the dwelling house of Dr. Myron Har- 
 wood. A stage was built for the ministers, and the people were 
 gathered in front on temporary seats. The exercises were per- 
 formed by the following persons, in the following order : — Rev. 
 Judah Nash, of Montague, made the first prayer; Rev. Jona. 
 Ashley, of Deerfield, preached the sermon from 1 Tim. iv. 6 ; 
 Rev. Joseph Ashley, of Sunderland, made the ordaining prayer ; 
 Rev. David Parsons, of Amherst, gave the charge ; Rev. Samuel 
 Hopkins, of Hadley, gave the right hand of fellowship ; and 
 Rev. John Hubbard, of Northfield, made the concluding prayer. 
 
 Such minuteness of detail seems necessary, to furnish an intel- 
 ligible and characteristic picture of those early times. These 
 acts, and votes, and method of procedure, and style of expres- 
 sion show us both the persons who acted, and their circum- 
 stances ; and while they indicate the individual habits and tastes 
 then common, of themselves they give a clear exposition of the 
 opinions then prevalent on ecclesiastical matters, as well as the 
 doctrinal belief of the church. 
 
 They show also the simplicity which characterized the organi- 
 zation of a church in those days. No precept was needed to 
 issue from any hierarch ; but the people assemble in their asso- 
 ciate capacity, and with the counsel and assistance of neighboring 
 churches and ministers make their penitent confessions, declare 
 publicly their belief in the leading doctrines of the Gospel, and 
 enter into covenant for mutual edification and discipline, — "for 
 the free and constant enjoyment of God's worship and ordi- 
 nances." Such was the Congregationalism of our fathers' 
 time. 
 
 The Half-way Covexant. — A custom prevailed for some 
 years in this church, as in other Congregational churches of New 
 Eno-land at that period, of receiving persons of good external 
 
101 
 
 morality to "covenant privileges," as it was termed. Individ- 
 uals of ordinary standing in society, who would acknowledge a 
 belief in the doctrines of the Gospel as set forth in the Confes- 
 sion of Faith, and would assent, in part, to the Covenant, were 
 received by vote as members, in a limited sense, of the church. 
 They were regarded as proper subjects of discipline, and might 
 bring complaints against members in full communion ; they had 
 the privilege of Baptism for themselves and families ; but were 
 debarred from the conmiunion of the Lord's Supper. 
 
 This was not in accordance with the original church platform 
 of New England. The first Puritans were stern opposers of this 
 practice as it had existed in the mother country. Tiiey believed, 
 that when a man is ''born again," a change is wrought in him, 
 of which it is possible for him and others to find evidence. They 
 held that the regenerate differ from the unrcgenerate by the pos- 
 session of some substantial good qualities, which must show 
 themselves in thought and action. With such views of Chris- 
 tian character, and regarding as they did, the church as Christ's 
 flock — "a peculiar people," — it was natural that they should 
 admit none to their communion, except those who might, "in 
 charitable discretion," be considered regenerate persons. 
 
 But in time laxer notions began to prevail. Partly from the 
 practice of requiring church-membership as a qualification for 
 civil office ; and partly through the infiiiencc of emigrants be- 
 longing to the Established Church, the New England churches 
 gradually receded from their original standard. The Synod of 
 1662 decided, that persons baptized in infancy, "understanding 
 the doctrine of faith, and publicly professing their assent there- 
 unto ; not scandalous in life, and solemnly owning the covenant 
 before the church, wherein they give up themselves and their 
 children to the Lord, and subject themselves to the government 
 of Christ in the church — their children are to be baptized;" 
 though the parent thus owning the covenant was avowedly yet 
 unrcgenerate, and as such was excluded from the Lord's Supper. 
 Taking advantage of the sanction of this Synod, the practice was 
 immediately adopted in many churches ; and after protracted and 
 violent controversy, became general. 
 
 This method of admission to "church privileges," sometimes 
 called the " half way covenant," appears to have obtained in this 
 
102 
 
 church from its first organization ; though no formal expression 
 of belief on the subject is recorded till 1778. The following 
 votes were evidently intended as a declaration of the sentiments 
 of the church on this matter. 
 
 At a meeting of the church of Christ in Whately, Jan'y y' 7, 
 1778, the meeting being opened with prayer, the church passed 
 the following votes. 
 
 1. Voted, That infants are introduced into covenant by Bap- 
 tism. 
 
 N. B. For the understanding the above vote, let it be ob- 
 served, that though infants of believing parents are born into 
 covenant, yet it is by baptism that they are declared to be within 
 the church, and entitled to the visible privileges of it. Persons 
 may be virtually in covenant by their own, or their parent's 
 faith ; but they are not visibly and professedly in covenant or in 
 the church, till they have passed under the appointed seal or 
 visible mark of discipleship, which under the second dispensa- 
 tion is Baptism. 
 
 By infants being introduced into covenant by Baptism, may 
 be understood, that they have the visible mark of Christ's family 
 upon them, and are visibly and professedly subjects of the house- 
 hold of faith ; and are to be treated as members of Christ's 
 church, that are declared members, and have a right to the visible 
 privileges of it. 
 
 2. Voted, That all baptized persons at a suitable age are 
 proper subjects of church discipline. 
 
 3. Voted, That such persons as come to full communion with 
 the church, shall be of competent knowledge, in the opinion of 
 the Pastor ; that they publicly profess their faith, and consent to 
 the church covenant. 
 
 These votes (in spite of their verbal redundancy) appear to 
 contain what w'as considered a definition of the import of Bap- 
 tism ; and a statement of the distinction between those who were 
 entitled to " church privileges," and those who might "come to 
 full communion." Baptism was not regarded as a converting 
 ordinance, but as an important means of grace ; so important 
 that all should desire to avail themselves of its advantages. In 
 
103 
 
 some sense, and by some virtue, it brought the subject " into 
 covenant." Those baptized in infimcy, it would appear, were 
 thus considered as introduced to the church, and at a suitable ao-e 
 were to be " entitled to the visible privileges " of it, and to be- 
 come the subjects of church discipline, — though practically, a 
 foi'mal vote was taken on their admission, as in the case of 
 others. Only persons of competent knowledge, who should 
 make public profession of faith, and consent to the church cove- 
 nant, might be received to full communion. If the word 
 " knowledge " was used in its scriptural sense, (1 Tim. ii. 4, J 
 the standard of admission to full membership was nominally in 
 accordance with the faith of the Pilgrim fathers. But probably 
 it was given a much broader signification. 
 
 This practice of baptism under the half way covenant contin- 
 ued to prevail in this church for forty-five years. As was natural, 
 most heads of families became connected with the church. The 
 circumstances of its abolition may be learned bv the followino- 
 extract from the Church Records. 
 
 At a meeting of the Congregational Church of Christ in 
 Whately, March 18, 18 IG, duly notified and warned by the 
 desire of Brother Joel Wait, the meeting being opened with 
 prayer by the moderator, Brother Joel Wait stated that it was 
 matter of grief and ofi'ence ta him, that this church admitted 
 persons to the privilege of baptism for their children upon 
 professing their belief of the doctrines of the Gospel, and con- 
 senting in part to the church covenant, and yet neglected to 
 attend upon the sacrament of the Lord's Suppei" — when he con- 
 ceived that this practice was not countenanced by the Word of 
 God. 
 
 The brethren having conversed u^ion the subject, the following 
 questions were put to the church, viz. 
 
 1. Is it scriptural to admit persons to the privilege of baptism 
 for their children, upon professing their belief of the doctrines of 
 the Gospel, and consenting to the church covenant in part, 
 and yet neglect to attend upon the sacrament of the Lord's 
 Supper? 
 
 And it passed in the negative. 
 
104 
 
 2. Shall the practice of so admitting persons to the privilege 
 of baptism for their children, be abolished and set aside in this 
 church ? 
 
 And it passed unanimously in the affirmative. 
 
 The meeting was then closed with prayer by the Pastor, and 
 
 dissolved. 
 
 Attest, RuFUS Wells, Pastor. 
 
 Thus did the church voluntarily free herself from a custom of 
 dangerous tendency, and become in practice, what her Creed and 
 Covenant had always been in doctrine, a church of the Puritans. 
 
 The Meeting-House. — At the time of the organization of 
 the church, and settlement of Rev. Mr. Wells, no meeting- 
 house had been built. The people first met for religious wor- 
 ship in the dwelling house of Oliver Morton. The meetings 
 were held here for perhaps two years. December 2, 1771, the 
 town voted, To allow Oliver Morton three pounds for his house 
 to meet in for the term of one year. March C^, 1774, voted To 
 pay Mr. Morton one pound ten shillings for the use of his house 
 six months. Meetings for public worship were also held for a 
 time, perhaps a year, at the house of Rev. Mr. Wells ; the 
 town, as compensation, agreeing to assist him in finishing his 
 house. 
 
 December 2, 1771, a vote was passed. To make provision for 
 a meeting-house. A committee, consisting of David Scott, 
 Thomas Crafts, Joseph Belding, Jr., Noah Bard well, and David 
 Graves, Jr., was appointed at the same time, to carry out the 
 above vote. At a meeting a few weeks later, the town instructed 
 the above committee to provide four thousand feet of pine boards, 
 clap-boai'ds, window frames and sash, and timber sufficient for 
 said meeting-house. The timber was cut wherever it could be 
 easiest procured. The boards and joist were sawed at the 
 mill of Adonijah Taylor, where Silas Sanderson's mills are now 
 located. 
 
 The next spring (March 30, 1772,) the town voted. To pro- 
 vide shingles this present year for the meeting-house. These 
 were purchased at about ten shillings per thousand. In the fall 
 of this year (October 5, 1772,) it was voted. That the meeting- 
 
105 
 
 house be set up next spring. It was also voted at the same time, 
 That the meetino;-house be phiced in the ''(Jhcstnut Phiin street,'' 
 (so called,) at the most convenient j)la('e between the dwcHini!,- 
 house of Oliver Morton, and that of IJufiis Wells, V. D. M. in 
 Whately. Salmon A\'hite, Edward 15rown, Oliver Graves, 
 Joseph Bcldinu, fir., and David Scott, were chosen Building 
 Committee. The spot they selected was where the nieeting- 
 house of the First Parish stood. At the same meeting it was 
 voted to raise eighty {)ounds to build said meeting-house, the 
 money to be levied bv tax on the ratable polls and jiroperty of 
 the inhabitants. 
 
 At a town meeting held a few months later, it was voted, To 
 build one [jorch to the meeting-house ; though the vote was never 
 carried into effect. 
 
 During the winter of 1772—3, the timber and materials were 
 collected, and at a meeting held ^lay 10, 177o, the town granted 
 additional money, and voted that David Scott be master work- 
 man to frame the house. In the course of the two following 
 months, the house was framed, raised, and partially covered. At 
 a town meeting held July 8, 1773, it was voted, To raise forty 
 pounds to go on and finish the meeting-house. The " finish " 
 then ])ut on, however, was not of the highest order, as will be 
 seen in the particular description which follows : — on the outside, 
 the roof was well shingled, though it had no stecjile or tower; 
 the sides and ends were covered with rough boards, chamfered 
 together. The windows in the lower story were prettv fullv 
 glazed ; those in the up[)er story were hoarded \ip. Thcie were 
 three doors to the house, one each on the north, east, and south 
 sides, — that on the east side being reckoned the front door. 
 These were made of I'ough boards, and not very tightlv fitted. 
 Thus Knifuni} was the covering upon the outside. The inside 
 had no "finish " at all, except a ground floor. The sides were 
 destitute of both j)lastering and laths, and the frame work of tiie 
 galleries, the beams, girths and rafters were all naked. A rough 
 board pulpit, raised a few feet, was placed in the centre of the 
 west side. Directly in front of the puli)it, a car|)enter's work 
 bench was left. The seat which was placed before this l)ench was 
 claimed by the old ladies, that they might hear better, and have 
 a support for (he l^ck. The seats were nothing more than low 
 
106 
 
 slab forms; tliese were nrr.'innecl without much reg-ard to order, 
 and were free to all. After some years, INIr. AYclls nailed up 
 a couple of hoards, on the left of tiie pu][)it, for the hetter 
 accomodation of his wife ; and a sort of j)ew, or bench with a 
 back fixed to it, was fitted up !)y a few of the young men, on 
 the east side, near the door, capable of seating six or eight 
 persons. 
 
 The house remained in this state twenty-lbur or twenty- 
 five years. During this time, it was hiwdly more I'espectable 
 in ap[)earanee, or more comforta!)le, than an ordinary single 
 boarded barn.* In winter, drifting snows found easy entrance; 
 and in sununei-, the sivallows, in great numbers, were accus- 
 tomed to fiy in, and build their mud nests on the })lates and 
 rafters. On the Sabbath, these social little intruders, twittering 
 as merrily as ever, seemed entirely regardless of the people 
 l)elo\v ; plainly having it for their maxim, to mind their own 
 business, however much the minds and eyes of those below 
 might be attracted to themselves. It is said that during the 
 few months of their annual -etay, Mr. Wells seldom or never 
 exchanged with his brethren of other towns, — giving as a rea- 
 son, that he feared the swallows, to which habit had familiarized 
 him, would be too great an annoyance to strangers. He could 
 say with the l*salmist, " The sparrow hath found a house, and 
 the swallow a nest lor herself, where she may lay her young, 
 even thine altars, O Lord of Hosts." 
 
 * In those days no stoves or fire-places were found in tlie meeting-house. 
 The men kept their feet warm by thumping them together; the women 
 carried fool-stoves, filled with coals from the hearth at honie. Families 
 who lived at a distance hired a "noon room" somewhere in the village, 
 where they could cat their lunch get warm, and fdl their foot-stoves with 
 fresh coals. An article was once inserted in the town warrant, " To see 
 if the town will grant leave to pt^ople that live at a distance from meeting, 
 to build a lire in the school-house on Sabbath noons." Passed in the 
 negative. 
 
 It is (juite probable that some of his good friends were accustomed to 
 make the pastor's kitchen their noon-room, and that the genial fire, and 
 genial fare, were the cause of a little tardiness in reaching the sanctuary 
 for the afternoon service. Otherwise it is not easy to account for the fol- 
 lowing vote of the town : — " Voted, That the intermission on Sunday be 
 one hour, and that the selectmen be a committee to inform the pastor 
 when to begin the exercises, and to be punctual." * 
 
107 
 
 Tiiore were two reasons wliich j)rcventc(l tlie fiirtlicr comple- 
 tion of the meeting-house. The first, was the war of the Kev- 
 olution, whicii broke out soon after the town was incorporated. 
 This for some years absorbed the chief attention of the com- 
 munity, and tlie taxes levied to su})port it drained the pcoph? of 
 money. The cither reason, was a division of sentiment about 
 tlie location of the house. A [lart demanded that it should be 
 moved half a mile to the south-west, to a spot south of " Spruce 
 Hill," fin the lot owned in l<S4i) by the IJev. Jojm Ferguson,) 
 and a majority insisted that it should remain on the t)ld spot. 
 ]Many votes were passed, and afterwards reconsidered. Many 
 expedients were devised by both parties. Numerous committees 
 both of the town's people, and of disinterested men from abroad, 
 were appointed on this question, with various results. At the 
 town meeting in March, 1788, a vote was passed and insisted 
 on, To raise seventy pounds to repair the meeting-house. This 
 led to the drawing up of the following " [)rotest," wliich was 
 presented to the town at a meeting in A{)ril : — 
 
 " We, the subscribers, the peoj)le of the westerly part of the 
 town of Whately, whose names are under written, do enter a 
 protest to this meeting, April 10, 1788, against the proceedings 
 of the other parts of the town, — that is, in finishing up the 
 meeting-house in the })lace where it now stands. For we have 
 been to the cost of having a conuiiittee to determine where the 
 just spot for the nieeiing-house to stand is, who determined in 
 the centre of the town ; and there we are willing to finish it up, 
 and no where else. 
 
 "John Smith, Elislia Frary, Phineas Frary, Elihu Wait, 
 Simeon Morton, Edward Brown, Joel Wait, Keuben Graves, 
 John Brown, ^Nloses Munson, John Starks, Bernice Snow, 
 Isaiah Brown, Reuben Taylor, Asa Sanderson, Noah Ijardwell." 
 
 This protest not being heeded, the signers and others with- 
 drew, and formed a new society. They afterwards erected a 
 meeting-house on the " Poplar Hill road." This was the origin 
 of the Baptist society of AN^hatcly.* 
 
 * The feelin<^s engendered by tliis long, and at times bitter controversy, 
 about the location of the meeting-house, were not at once sul)dued. Those 
 who attached themselves to the new organization, and paid the expenses 
 
108 
 
 Although the town voted, at this date, to raise money to 
 repair the meeting house, it does not appear that any funds 
 were actually expended for this purpose till 171)7. The seventy 
 pounds was paid to ^Ir. AVells for arrearages of his salary. 
 Various moneys were raised, in different years, for repairs; and 
 then otherwise expended. 
 
 December 5, 179(5, the town voted, To raise three hundred 
 pounds for repairing the meeting-house, and appointed a com- 
 mittee to carry out the vote. In January following, twenty 
 pounds additional was granted ; and in the spring the work was 
 commenced. In the course of the year, (17*J7,) the house was 
 thoroughly repaired. The outside was clap-boarded and painted ; 
 the vacant windows of the upper story, which had afforded 
 access to the swallows for so many years, were glazed ; and 
 paneled doors were put in. The inside was also "finished"; 
 galleries were put up, and pews built. The pews were square, 
 enclosed with paneled work, according to the fashion of the 
 times. The pulpit, situated as before, was a plain structure, 
 very high, square corners, and projecting centre, with a hex- 
 agonal sounding hoard suspended above. 
 
 No formal consecration of the house appears to have been 
 made, at its first opening in 1773. But now that it had been 
 made more seemly, a day was specially set apart, and it was 
 solemnly dedicated to God. 
 
 Seating the Meeting-House. — At the town meeting held 
 Dec. 4, 1797, it was voted " not to sell the pews ; " and instead, 
 a committee of nine persons was chosen, "to seat the meeting- 
 house," i. e. to assign to each family the particular pew they 
 were to occupy for a year, or longer, as the case might be. The 
 principle of " seating," at first adopted, is not known. The 
 practice prevailed in some years, of seating by age, and some- 
 incidental to maintaining separate ordinances, claimed that they ought to 
 be released from liability to pay their proportion of the expenses of the 
 old church. The law was against them ; and the majority of the town was 
 against them ; and for a series of years they bore the double burden. But 
 in 1794, tlie town voted, " That the treasurer pay to all such persons their 
 ministerial rates, as shall procure proper certificates of their attending on 
 other teachers, and shall profess to differ in sentiment from those Christians 
 called Congregationalls." 
 
109 
 
 times hij property. At a town meetiug, held May 19, 1800, it 
 was voted, " That in seating people, one year in the age of a 
 person shall be reckoned e<jual to one dollar on the list." This 
 custom, which prevailed for upwards of twenty years, was the 
 occasion of much strife, and many jealousies and heartburnings. 
 Individuals and rainiiics disliking tJicir scat-mates, would some- 
 times absent ti»cmselves entirely i'rom meeting ; and in one 
 instance, an indi\ itlual made an apjteal to the t(jwn at a regular 
 meeting of the inhabitants; and a vote was passed, assigning 
 him a given pew. The [)ews and internal fixtures erected at 
 this time, remained in the same state and lashion, till 1843. 
 
 In the spring of 1819, the town voted to sell the pews in the 
 meeting-house ; and in this and the following years, a large num- 
 ber of them were sold. Of the avails of this sale of pews, a 
 steeple was built upon the south end of the house, and a bell 
 purchased. This was done in 1821-2. The people now for the 
 first tiujc, heard the sound of the "church-going bell." In the 
 early days of the town, perhaps till 1795, it was customary to 
 call the people together on the Sabbath, by blowing a conch.* 
 It was blown once, an hour before the time of service ; and again 
 as the minister was approaching the house. From 1795 to 1822, 
 no public signal was given ; the people assembling at their 
 pleasure. 
 
 In 1843, the meeting-house was entirely re-modeled — though 
 ihe orUjinal frcDne erected by Master Scott in 1773, being found 
 perfectly sound, was left unaltered. 
 
 After the re-union of the First and Second Parishes, this 
 house was sold and taken down, (18(17) and the united congre- 
 gation removed to the house built by the Second Parish, stand- 
 ing just south of the old Parst)nagc. 
 
 Statistics. — The original number who subscribed and as- 
 sented to the covenant of the chinvh was 43. f The number of 
 
 * III IT'Jo, it was " voted, that the town will not improve any body to 
 blow tlie conch as a signal for meeting.'" The identical shell is now in 
 possession of Mr. Porter Wells. 
 
 t The names of David Graves, Sen., Joseph IJelding, Sen., and Rebecca 
 Graves, wife of Oliver Graves, were on the certificate of recoiiiniendation 
 from the Hatfield church, and sliuuld be added to the list of original nieiii- 
 bers, on page 9D. 
 
110 
 
 persons admitted to full membership during Rev. Mr. Wells's 
 pastorate, i. e. up to 1822, was, according to the church records, 
 374. But many who were received to "covenant privileges," 
 were accustomed to partake of the sacrament; some names 
 were unintentionally omitted from the records ; and the actual 
 number in communion is believed to be 488. The total number 
 of members received to church fellowship, from 1771 to 1871, is 
 940. Present membership, 150. 
 
 In 1788, a colony comprising about twenty-five church mem- 
 bers, withdrew from the communion of the church, and professed 
 Anti-pedobaptist sentiments, Oh. Rec. This was the nucleus 
 of the Baptist church in the west part of the town. 
 
 In 1842, seventeen members — soon followed by others to the 
 number in all of seventy-five — withdrew, and were formed into 
 the Second Congregational Church. 
 
 Revivals. — It is in place to note the fact, that this church 
 has been blessed with several seasons of special religious revivals. 
 In 1816, 51 were added to the church ; in 1826, 106 ; in 1834, 
 30; in 1838, 34; in 1842, 45; in 1858, 52. 
 
 Rev. Mr. Wells. — In accordance with the customs of the 
 time, Mr. Wells managed the affairs of a large and productive 
 farm, in connection with his ministerial duties. He was emi- 
 nently successful in both callings. His accounts — often quoted 
 from in these pages — filled a large sized folio of 285 pages. He 
 also acted as conveyancer and counsellor, in drawing up con- 
 tracts, filling deeds, and writing wills. His charge for drawing 
 up a lease, or writing a will, was one shilling ; for drawing up a 
 bond, two shillings. After the death of his first wife, in 171)6, 
 to whom he was tenderly attached, he suffered for a time from 
 mental depression, which amounted to partial insanity. AVhile 
 he was in this state, by advice of the Association a day of fasting 
 and prayer was appointed by the church, — as it appears, with- 
 out consulting the pastor. It was arranged that Rev. Mr. Tay- 
 lor, of Deerfield, should preach in the morning, and Rev. Mr. 
 Porter, of Ashfield, in the afternocn. Mr. Taylor prepared a 
 sermon on the su')jcct of mental derangement, not expecting that 
 Mr. Wells would attend the meeting, lint just before the ser- 
 
Ill 
 
 mon was to coinniencc. lie entered the incetliig-liouse tuid took 
 .1 sent. The preneher was a ^ood (]cti\ disconrcrtcd, and bei>iie<l 
 of Mr. Porter to j)reacli in liis stead. I>ut the latter deelined, 
 and insisted that Mr. Taylor should [)reaeh the sermon which he 
 had prepared. It proved to be a wise arrangement. Before 
 this, Mr. Wells had not realized his mental condition ; hut 
 thouL;ht that his friends treated him strangely, and acted like 
 enemies. Towards the close of the afternoon service, which he 
 iilso attended, widle pondering the (ptestion why his friends had 
 thus treated him, he was led to the conclusion tliat somethin"- 
 was wrong in himself; that he was in fact deranged. A re-ae- 
 tion at once began : and his mind recovered its former tone and 
 strength. 
 
 ]\Ir. Wells continued to discharge in full the duties of pastor 
 till 1822, a period of iifty years, when the infirmities of age, then 
 a])parently about to break down his constitution, induced him 
 and the people to seek a colleague. At the same time he con- 
 sented to a reduction of one hundred dollai's from his yearly 
 sahuy. After this date, however, he recovered in a measure 
 his strength, and would occasionally exercise the functions of 
 his ofiice, till near the time of his death. His last ( recorded j 
 public act, was the marriage of his grand-daughter, ^Nliss Sarah 
 Wells, to ]Mr. Silas Rice, November 8, 1831. The entry of 
 this in the church record in his own hand, now tremulous and 
 uncertain, forms a striking contrast to the })lain, bold penmau- 
 shi[) of his early prime. He died, November 8, 1831, in the 
 ninety-second year of his age. The sermon at his funeral was 
 preached by Rev. Nathan Perkins of Amherst, who was then 
 the oldest survivor of Mr. Wells's j)articular associates. 
 
 It would be foieign to my purpose to give an extended analysis 
 of the character of Rev. Mr. Wells. Let it suffice to say, that 
 he was a man of undoubted piety : his sermons were largely 
 scriptural and jjractical, rather than doctrinal : he rebuked and 
 exhorted with all long-suffering and gentleness. As a preacher, 
 he held a res[)ectable rank among his cotemporaries ; as a pastor, 
 he was pre-eminently a peace-maker; as a man, he was very 
 affable, and of good social qualities. He made no enemies, and 
 was kind and faithful to his friends. 
 
 In the course of his ministry, Mr. \Vells married three hundred 
 
112 
 
 and five couples ; and administered baptism to nine hundred and 
 fifty-six persons. He wrote about three thousand sermons ; a few 
 of which were i»rinted. His hist sermon, written probably with, 
 no idea that it would be the last, was on Heb. iv. 9 : — "There 
 remaineth therefore a rest to the people of God." 
 
 But to return to the thread of our nai-rative. At a town meeting 
 held December 21, 1<S21, Capt. Salmon Graves, moderator, it 
 was voted to give Mr. Lemuel P. Bates (of Southampton,) a 
 call to settle in the gospel ministry as colleague pastor with the 
 Eev. Rufus Wells. Voted, to give Mr. Bates three hundred 
 and fifty dollars salary per year, during Mr. Wells's natural 
 life ; and four hundred and fifty dollars j)er year during his 
 ministry with us after the decease of Mr. Wells. 
 
 Voted, To give Mr. Bates five hundred dollars settlement, 
 to be paid in three annual installments ; and if lie leave us before 
 the three years are expired, he draws only in proportion to the 
 time he preaches with us. 
 
 Voted, That Mr. Bates have the privilege of being dismissed, 
 by giving the town one year's notice ; and the tt)wn have the 
 privilege of dismissing INIr. Bates by giving him one year's 
 notice ; provided either party holds that mind during the year. 
 This last vote was the occasion of some distrust on the part of 
 the ordaining council. Dr. Lyman, of Hatfield, warmly pro- 
 tested against the conditions therein im[)lied ; and it was not till 
 the })arties concerned declared it was their understanding, " that 
 Mr. Bates could not be dismissed without the advice of an 
 ecclesiastical council," that the council consented to proceed to 
 the examination of the candidate. 
 
 Mr. Bates was ordained February 13, 1822. The order of 
 exercises was as follows : introductory prayer, by Rev. James 
 Taylor, of Sunderland ; sermon, by Rev. Zephaniah Swift Moore, 
 D. D., President of Amherst College; consecrating prayer, by 
 Rev. Dr. Lyman, of Hatfield ; charge to the pastor, by Rev. 
 John Emerson, of Conway ; right hand of fellowship, by Rev. 
 Wm. B. Sprague, of West S[)ringfield ; charge to the people, 
 by Rev. Henry Lord, of Williamsburg ; concluding prayer, by 
 Rev. Vinson Gould, of Southampton. 
 
 It is a fact somewhat remarkable, that one of the above 
 council, Rev. John Emerson, of Conway, was a member of the 
 
118 
 
 council which ordained Rev. Mr. Wells, the first pastor of the 
 church, fifty years before- 
 
 By the terms of his settlement, Mr. Bates could claim but 
 three hundred and fifty dollars annual salary ; the senior pastor 
 still livinu-. Pnit in 1828, '2d, and '32, the parish (which was 
 organized separate from the town, April 30, 1828,) granted 
 him one hundred dollars additional. lie held the office of 
 pastor for the term of ten years, and was dismissed October 17, 
 1832. 
 
 After the dismission of Rev. L. P. Bates, the church remained 
 destitute of a pastor for four years. The pulpit was regularly 
 supplied the while by various ministers and candidates ; among 
 whom were Rev. ^Messrs. Packard of Shell)urnc, and Rev. John 
 Eastman. 
 
 Tiie third pastor was Rev. John Ferguson, of Dunse, Ber- 
 wickshire, Scotland ; previously settled in Attleboro'. Tire 
 terms of his settlement were'five hundred dollars annual salary ; 
 with the condition, "that the existing connection may be dis- 
 solved at the [)leasure of either party by an ecclesiastical coun- 
 cil." lie was installed March 16, 183G ; the sermon was 
 ^'Cached by Rev. John Todd, of Pittsfield. Mr. Ferguson 
 was dismissed June 17, 1840. 
 
 Tiie church now continued without a settled ministry five 
 years. The pulpit was suj)plied during the interim by Rev. 
 INIoses Chase, Rev. Sumner Lincoln, Mr. Porter II. Snow, Mr. 
 John W. Salter, and the Faculty of Amherst College. Mr. 
 Salter was invited to settle, February 17, 1843 ; Mr. Snow 
 was invited, April 10, 1845 ; but both declined. 
 
 The fourth j)astor was Rev. J. II. Temple, of Framingham, 
 who was ordained Sejitcmber 30, 1845; the Rev. Joel Ilawes, 
 D. D., of Hartford, Conn., [)reaching the sermon. The terms of 
 his settlement were, " five hundred dollars a year as a salary as 
 long as he is our minister, with liberty to take a vacation of 
 three Sabbaths each year; that, when either party becomes dis- 
 satisfied, one month's notice shall be given, and this contract 
 shall end and the connection be dissolved in the usual way." 
 Mr. Temple was dismissed March 24, 1852. 
 
 The fifth pastor was Rev. Charles N. Seymour, of Ilaitford, 
 Conn., who was installed March 9, 1^53. The sermon was 
 p 
 
114 
 
 preached by Rev. Nahum Gale, Professor in the Theoh)oical 
 Seminary at East Windsor Hill, Conn. He was dismissed 
 April 27, 1859. 
 
 The sixth pastor — now in office — is the Kev. John W. Lane, 
 of South Newmarket, N. H., who was ordained October 17, 
 1860. Professor Austin Phelps, D. D., of Andover Theo- 
 logical Seminary, preached the sermon ; W. A. Stearns, D. D., 
 President of Amherst College, made the ordaining prayer. Mr. 
 Lane's salary was fixed at eight hundred dollars per year. In 
 1869 it was raised to one thousand dollars. 
 
 In the century since its organization, the church has had a 
 settled pastorate for eighty-nine years. 
 
 Pastors. — For convenient reference, a list of the Pastors of 
 the Church, with items of their public history not already given, 
 is here subjoined. 
 
 Rev. Eufus Wells, graduated at Harvard College, 1764 ; licensed by 
 Hanipsliire Association, Nov. 1769; ordained Sept 25, 1771. 
 
 Rev. Lemuel P. Bates, graduated at Williams College, 1818 ; studied 
 Theology with Rev. Dr. Osgood, of Springfield, and at I'rinceton Serai* 
 nary; ordained at Whately, Feb. 13, 1822; dismissed Oct. 17, 18-32; 
 installed at Templeton, Jan. 15, 1833 ; dismissed Mar. 1837; preached at 
 Pontiac, Mich., eight years ; at Flint, Mich., one year ; at Conneautville, 
 Penu., four years ; and several years in the neighborhood of Detroit, Mich., 
 and Alton, 111.; died at Alton March 5, 18G0. 
 
 Rev. John Ferguson, not a college graduate ; studied Theology with 
 Rev. Calvin Park, D.D. ; ordained pastor of Second Church, Attleboro', 
 Feb. 27, 1822; dismissed Mar. 1835; installed at Whately, Mar. 16, 
 1836; dismissed June 17, 1840; preached at Lanesboro' two years; 
 appointed agent of the American Tract Society, 1842, in which service he 
 continued till his death. 
 
 Rev. Josiah Howard Temple, fitted to enter the sophomore class in 
 college, 1836, but was prevented by failure of eye-sight ; spent two years 
 in study of Botany, and attending lectures at Amherst College ; studied 
 Theology with Rev. Jotd Hawes, D. D., Hartford, Ct. ; licensed by 
 Hampshire Association, at Worthington, May G. 1845 ; ordained 
 at Whately, Sept. 30, 1845 ; dismissed Mar. 24, 1852. A teacher at 
 Hartford, Ct., in Mountain Seminary, Worthington, Mass., and Leicester 
 Academy, seven years ; author of various historical works, and school text 
 books. 
 
115 
 
 Vxcv. Cliarlep N. Seymour, p;racluatcd at Trinity College, 18'J1 ; studied 
 Theology at Now Ilavon ; ordained at Huntington, Ct., June 2i'), 1811 ; 
 dismissed Aug. 1817 ; stated supply Broad Brook (East Windjor, Ct.); 
 installed at ^V■Ilately, Mar. 9, 1853 ; dismissed Apr. 27, 1859 ; installed 
 at Brooklyn, Ct., Dec. 21, 1859, where he still resides. 
 
 Rev. John William Lane, graduated at Amherst College, 185G ; An- 
 dovcr Theological Seminary, 1859 ; licensed l)y iMiddlcsex South Ass el- 
 ation, Jan. 1850; ordained at Whately, Oct. 17, 18(J0 ; still retains the 
 pastoral relation. 
 
 llev. Jonathan S. Judd, graduated at Williams College, 1830; East 
 Windsor Theological Seminary, 1842 ; ordained in Second Cliurch, Whate- 
 ly, Oct. 12, 1843; dismissed Oct. 23, 1855; installed at Middlebury, 
 Ct., June, 1856, where he remained till his death, May II, 18G4. 
 
 Rev. Charles Lord, graduated at Amherst College, 1838; Andover 
 Theological Seminary, 1842 ; ordained at Booneville, Mo., Oct. 20, 1843; 
 Home missionary in 3Iis.souri and Wi.sconsin, eight years ; in.stalled at 
 Madison, Wis., Oct. 20, 1852; dismissed May 8, 1854; installed over 
 Second Church, Whately, Mar. 20, 1850 ; dismissed June 14, 18*i0; 
 installed at Backland, Mass. 1860. 
 
 Deacons. — Tlie persons who have held the office of Deacon 
 in this church since its organization, are tlie following : — Nathan 
 Graves, elected October 16, 1771; (Oliver Graves was chosen 
 at the same time, but declined serving.) Salmon White, elected 
 April Kj, 1778. Thomas Sanderson, elected June 14, 1786. 
 Levi ]Moreton, elected December 17, 1800. John Wiiite and 
 Eleazar Frary, elected March 22, 1810, (tliough there is no 
 record of ISlr. Frary's acceptance.) James Smith and Justus 
 AVliite, elected July 1, 1821. David Sanders, elected May 12, 
 1836. Reuben H. Belden, and Elial A. Dickinson, elected 
 
 February 27, 1843. L. \V. Ilannum, elected . Elihu 
 
 Belden, elected July, 1860. John AVhite, elected May, 1861. 
 
 Co.^iMUMON FuRNiTUiiE. — The two flagons and the two 
 tankards were purchased in 1797, from funds bequeathed to 
 the church by deacon Obaihah Dickinson, of Hatfield. The two 
 silver cups and four tumblers were presented to the church in 
 1822, by Messrs. Francis, Reuben, and Aaron Belden. The 
 silver baptismal basin was presented by Miss Judith White. 
 In 1865, two silver plated plates were purchased. 
 
116 
 
 Singing. — (7Aoris<e>v9, " to set the psalm in meeting," were 
 chosen by the church till 1821, when they were elected by the 
 choir. The persons first chosen by the church, Oct. 16, 1771, 
 were John Wait, Jr., John Graves, and Eliim Graves : those 
 
 chosen by the choir in 1821, were 11. B. Harwood, and 
 
 Warner. 
 
 In 1798, "The town voted 20 dollars, to revive singing in the 
 town : that 4 pounds of it be laid out in the east part of the town 
 for the above purpose, and 40 shillings be laid out in the west 
 part, to support a cyphering school or a singing school, as the 
 inhabitants of that part shall decide ; both schools to be free for 
 all parts of the town, and be under the direction of the select- 
 men." 
 
 Sabbath School. — It is believed that the first effort to 
 sather children into classes on tlie Sabbath for relijiious instruc- 
 tion, in Whately, was made by Miss Chloe Adkins, and Kuth 
 Dickinson. Tiiis was probably in the year 1820. The children 
 learned verses of Scripture, and hymns, of their own selection. 
 Mr. Wells was accustomed to go into the centre schools on Sat- 
 urday, to see if the children had selected and committed to mem- 
 ory the lesson for the next day. No regular school was organ- 
 ized till after the settlement of Mr. Bates — perhaps not till 1826. 
 The early teachers, besides the two already named, Avere Lu- 
 cinda Bates, Ann Edwards, Harriet Frary, Lydia Allls, Dea. 
 James Smith, Dea. Justus White, Spencer Bardwell, Luther 
 Warner, John White. One of the deacons was probably the 
 first superintendent. For a number of years after its organiza- 
 tion, the school drew in most of the children, and many of the 
 older church members, who formed adult classes for the study of 
 the Bible. 
 
 Clergymen who originated in Whately. 
 
 Alvan Sanderson, born December 13, 1780; son of Thomas and Lucy 
 Sanderson ; graduated at Williams College, 1802 ; studied Theology with 
 Kev. Dr. Ilyde, of Lee, and Rev. Dr. Lyman, of Hatfield ; licensed by 
 Berkshire Association, October 17, 1804; ordained an Evangelist, at 
 Westhampton, Feb. 4, 1807 (sermon by Rev. Rufus Wells) ; installed 
 
117 
 
 colleague with Rev. Neliemiah Porter, AsliBeld, June 22, 1808 ; died, 
 June 22, 1817. 
 
 Pomeroy Belden, born ^Marcli 15, 1811; son of Aaron and Sarah 
 Belden ; graduated at Amheri^t College, 1833; Andover Theological 
 Seminary, 1836 ; ordained an Evangelist at Warwick, August 8, 1837 ; 
 preached as stated supply, at Dcerficld, from 18;>7 to 1842 ; installed in 
 Amherst, East Parish, September 14, 1842; died, March 2, 1849. 
 
 Alonzo Sanderson, born June 24, 1808, son of Joseph and Content 
 Sanderson ; graduated at Amherst College in 1834; Andover Theological 
 Seminary in 1837; ordained at Ludlow, in January, 1839; installed at 
 Tolland, July 12, 1843; installed at Wellington, Ohio, March 1, 1854. 
 Mr. Sanderson was born in Bernardston ; but regarded Whately as his 
 ancestral home. 
 
 William Bardwell, born October 13, 1813, son of Orange and 
 Euphame Bardwell ; studied at Wesleyan University, Middlctown, Ct. ; 
 ordained by Metliodist Conference, May, 1846 ; died at Northampton, 
 1851. 
 
 Perez Chapin, born April 29, 1783, son of Perez (M. D.) and 
 Elizabeth Chapin ; graduated at Middlebury College, 1808 ; studied 
 Theology with Rev. Abijah Wines, Newport, N. 11. ; licensed in Cornish, 
 N. II., March, 1810; ordained at Pownal, Me., March 20, 1811 ; died, 
 January 27, 1839. He was "a model of a minister of Jesus Christ." 
 
 Lucius W. Chapman, born January 7, 1^<20, son of Isaac and 
 Hannah Chapman ; stucrod at Shelburne Falls Academy ; licensed in 
 Westmoreland County, Penn., February 5, 1842, and ordained as a Bap- 
 tist minister in Jefferson County, Penn., October 14, 1842; became a 
 Presbyterian, and was installed pastor of the Presbyterian church at 
 Lycoming Centre, November, 1849 ; residence in 1854, Munroetown, 
 Penn. 
 
 Rufus Porter Wells, l)orn February 4, 1818; son of Thomas and# 
 Mary Wells ; graduated at Amherst College in 1842 ; graduated at Union 
 Theological Seminary, New York, 1845 ; licensed by Third Presbytery of 
 New York, April 18, 1845; ordained an Evangelist in Jonesboro', E. 
 Tenn., by the Holston Presbytery, Sej)teniber 2(j, 184G ; installed at 
 Jonesboro', August 17, 1850. When the Civil War broke out in 
 1861, Mr. Wells declined to pray for the success of tlie new Confederacy, 
 and lost the sympathy of a large portion of his churcli ; and rather than 
 suffer confiscation and imprisonment witli other Union men, after long 
 and perplexing delays, and a journey with liis family to Richmond and 
 back, he procured a pass, and went througli the lines by way of Mur- 
 freesboro', Lebanon, and Gallatin, Tenn., crossing tlie Cumberland lliver 
 in a canoe, November 27, 18G2. He preaclied to the United Presbyterian 
 
118 
 
 and Congregational churches of Prairie du Sac, Wis., till March, '64, 
 then one year to the Secon'.l Presbyterian church of Thorntown and the 
 Bethel Presbytej^ian church of Boone County, Indiana, He spent the 
 year 1865 in labors with the Second Presbyterian church of Knoxville, 
 Tenn. In April, 18GG, he commenced gathering a Congregational church 
 at Gilbertsville in the town of Hardwick, Massachusetts. The church was 
 organized March 7, 1807, with thirty-eight members, and increased to 
 fifty-three He left Gilbertsville, December, 1868; was installed pa.^tor 
 of the Congregational church at Southampton, IMassachusetts, January 5, 
 1869. 
 
 George R. Ferguson, born in Attleboro', Mass., March 19, 1829; son 
 of Ptev. John and Margaret S. Ferguson ; graduated at Amher.st College, 
 1849; studied at Andover Theological Seminary, 1858-'59; licensed by 
 Franklin County Association, July, 1858; acting pastor at North East, 
 Dutchess County, N. Y., from September, 1850, till the present time 
 Post office address, Millerton, New York. 
 
 Horace B. Chapin, who was installed colleague with Rev. Enoch Hale, 
 of Westhampton, Mass., July 8, 1829 ; dismissed. May 1, 1837 ; installed 
 at Danville, INIe , July 24, 1839 ; was son of Dr. Perez and Elizabeth 
 Chapin, of Whately ; but was born after his parents removed to Benson, 
 Vermont. 
 
 Second Church. — The Second Coiigregational Church in 
 Whately was organized by an ecclesiastical council, Nov. 10, 
 1842. The meeting-house was built in the spring and summer 
 of 1843 ; and the first pastor, Rev. Jonathan S. Judd, of 
 Westhampton, was ordained October 12, 1843. Rev. William 
 A. Hawley, of Plainfield, preached the ordination sermon. The 
 number of church members, January 1, 1848, was one hundred 
 and five. After a successful pastorate of twelve years, j\Ir. 
 Judd was dismissed October 23, 1855. Rev. Charles Lord, 
 the second pastor, was installed March 20, 1856 ; and dismissed 
 January 14, 1860. This church was disl)anded January 28, 
 1864. Most of the members had previously united with the old 
 church. The meeting-house was remodeled and enlarged in 
 1867, and is now tlie place of worship of the united Congre- 
 gational church. 
 
 Baptist Church. — The Baptist Cluu-ch in Whately was 
 constituted May 5, 1789. At first it was composed of about 
 twenty-five members who withdrew from the Congregational 
 
119 
 
 cluirc'li, :iii(l ahoiit fui-ty otlier.s belonging to tliis and nciiili bor- 
 ing- towns. The nieeting-housc was located on the Poj)lar Hill 
 road. The refiularly ordained pastors have been, — Rev. Asa 
 Todd, of Westficld, ordained September 9, 1789; Rev. Stephen 
 IJarker, of Heath, installed, 1807; Rev. John R. (jroodnoui^di, 
 ordained August 2G, 1823 ; ]\ev. Ijorenzo Rice, ordained Feb- 
 ruary 8, 1837. After this, Rev. James Parker sup[)lied -two 
 years, and Rev. George Bills two years. The church was dis- 
 banded August 28, 1850. 
 
 METiioniST Society. — In the spring of 1818, a Methodist 
 Society was organized in AVhately. The j^rincipal men in the 
 movement were James Cutter, Moses Hill and Joel Wait, 3d. 
 Moses Hill was elected clerk of the society, and John I'reed, 
 public teacher. A certiHcate dated ^Vpril 20, 1818, reciting the 
 above facts, was fded with the town clerk. No other mention 
 of the organization appftirs on our records. 
 
 Unitarian Society. — The first meeting held by the Uni- 
 tarians of AVhately was on April 23, 1865. The services were 
 conducted by Rev. J. F. Moors, of Greenfield. Rev. E. ]>. 
 Fairchild eomipenced preaching regularly, July 9, 18()5. Jan- 
 uary 9, 18()(), u constitution and by-laws were adopted ; and on 
 the 17th the following officers Avere chosen : — Clerk, David J^. 
 Wells ; > Treasurer, Dennis Dickinson ; Assessors, James Scott, 
 IMyron Brown, Alonzo Crafts ; Collector, Asa Dickinson. The 
 meeting-house was built in the sunnner of 18()(), and dedicated 
 January 17, 1867. i\Ir. Fairchild labored about three years. 
 Rev. George 11. Eldridge preached nearly two years. Rev. 
 Leonard W. Brigham, of Ruthmd, Vermont, is now })reaching 
 as stated supply. The name of the society is, " The Unitarian 
 Congregational Society of A\'hately." 
 
CHAPTER IX. 
 
 WHATELY KOADS. 
 
 The system of highways oi-iginally adopted by Hatfield, and 
 partially carried out before the incorporation of this town, has 
 been already mentioned. The idea was, to give every land 
 owner ready access to his several lots : the system was, roads 
 running north and south through the town, crossed at right 
 angles by cast and west roads, exteriaing from the meadows 
 to the town limits. This could be easily effected, because the 
 system was devised before the Commons were divided. 
 
 The Straits road, was the Indian trail, and practically divided 
 the River Meadows from the Upland Commons. The Chestnut 
 Plain road was a space of ten rods wide, left Ijetween the two 
 main divisions of Commons. The east and west roads were 
 reserved lots in the Commons. The only cross roads within 
 Whately limits, laid out by Hatfield, were the " Christian Lane," 
 between Lots No. 36 and 37 in the Second Division, and " Mt. 
 Esther road," between Lots No. 26 and 27 in the Fourth 
 Division. These two roads, as laid out in 1716, were co-inci- 
 dent at the Chestnut Plain crossing, and taken togetlier extended 
 ■from the Avcst line of the Bradstreet Farm, to "the end of tlie 
 six miles from the great Iviver." The course was not quite a 
 straight line, as the Mt. Esther road, from Chestnut Plain, bore 
 due east and west. All the roads laid by Hatfield were ten rods 
 wide. 
 
 It seems to have been the original intention to lay the north 
 and south through-roads at about half a mile distant from each 
 other ; and it was pretty well understood where the line of a road 
 would be. This is shown by the location of the earliest houses. 
 Capt. Lucius Allis, Lieut. Elisha Frary, Edward Brown, Simeon 
 
 (120) 
 
121 
 
 Morton, and other settlers knew where to build ; and a road was 
 sure, in due time, to come to them. 
 
 The road north and south over Spruce hill and Chestnut 
 mountain to Hatfield line, was laid out by AVhatelv in 1772; 
 and the same year the town voted, " That Samuel Dickinson 
 have liberty to make bars or gates near the southerly end of this 
 road for his convenience." These gates were ordered to be 
 removed, and the road made an open highway in 1783. 
 
 The road from Conway line over Poplar hill by the Baptist 
 meeting-house, and so on over Hog mountain to tl* south line 
 of the town, was laid out 1773, and was early accepted as a 
 county road. A road from Conway line to tiic south line of 
 Whately, west of the Poplar hill road was laid out in 177-4. 
 Probably the following has reference to this road: — 1785, 
 "Voted, To open and clear the road running southerly from 
 Simeon Morton's by Paul Smith's to AVilliamsburg line." 
 
 A road was laid in 1778 from Conway line southerly to the 
 highway south of Elisha Frary, and from the above highway 
 between said Frary's house and barn, south-easterly. Probably 
 this was a designated line of a through road ; but its history is 
 obscure. It seems to have been continued to Wa^t Brook, 
 and along the north bank of said brook to meet the Stony hill 
 road ; and the road running south-westerly, by the south-west 
 school-house, was probably a branch or continuation of it in that 
 direction. 
 
 The line of the Claverack road, (probably so named by the 
 soldiers who returned from an expedition to Claverack, N. Y., 
 in 1779, — perhaps from a real or fancied resemblance to that 
 place,) seems to have been established by tradition, and worked 
 as h^ses were built. The following votes probably refer to this 
 line: — 1777, a conuuittce was chosen to view a road from the 
 Egypt road north to the Dcerfield line, and survey the same. 
 1780, a road three rods wide was laid from Eleazer Frary's to 
 Hatfield line, " beginning half a mile east of Chestnut Plain 
 street, to lands reserved by the proprietors of Hatfield for a road 
 at the east end of Mill Swamp." 1779, Voted, "To lay a road 
 to the dwelling house of Ebenezer Bardwell, Jr." It is likely 
 that the whole line was originally known as the "Island road," 
 
 Q 
 
122 
 
 and tliat It was uctiiully opened from L hristian lane south in 
 17^^0. 
 
 The lliver road was hiid by piece-ineal. The Hatfield authori- 
 ties located and opened it from Deerfield line to K. T. Mo-rton's 
 corner in 175G. A close road, two rods wide, from Joshua 
 Beldin's to Nathaniel Coleman's, between said Beldin's farm and 
 Hopewell, was laid in 1778 ; this was made an open road in 
 1785, and was extended from Mr. Beldin's house to his saw mill 
 in 1803. A close road was laid from Joshua Beldin's saw mill 
 to (.anterb^y in 1806. 
 
 This completes the list of north and south throKgJi rodds. 
 Some of them remain as at first located ; others have been 
 altered. The Claverack road from above the Lane north, run 
 easterly of its present location, veering round the swamp. The 
 Chestnut Plain street at first run west of the cemetery, and 
 curved castwardly by the great elm, and thence directly north 
 down the hill. Gutter bridge was built about 1773. Other 
 minor roads running northerly and southerly were from time to 
 time laid, to accomodate individual interests. 
 
 To "lay out " a road, and to "accept", a road, as the terms 
 were then used, probably fail to convey a true idea to us now. 
 A vote to that effect did not show that a highway was put in 
 complete order, and well graded ; but it meant that a way was 
 marked out, and was m^de passable or j^ossible. Sometimes it 
 only meant that if a person traveled the designated route, he 
 should not be liable for damages for crossing his neiuhbor's land ; 
 and that if he got mired, the surveyor was bound to help him out 
 without charge. In 1771 the town granted £1(3 for repairing 
 highways, and allowed 2s. i)d. per day for highway work, which 
 would give only 128 days' work, for all tlie roads. 
 
 The ])lan of East and West roads, as actually laid out, is 
 very complicated, and the record very confused. Excepting 
 Christian Lane, and the J\lt. Esther road from Sprucehill west- 
 ward, scarcely one remains to-day as originally established. And 
 the line of many of the early cross roads would be wholly unintel- 
 ligible to the present generation. X "close" road was often 
 laid to accomodate a single individual. The roads leading from 
 Chestnut Plain street to Bciding's mills, were laid, and re-laid, 
 and altered and discontinued, as new interests sprung up. And 
 
123 
 
 tlic same is true of the roads in the south-west and north-west 
 parts of the tmvn. Convenience for tlie tiin(! heini;, was — per- 
 haps unavoidahlv — the rule ol location and discontinuiUH.'c. 
 
 In 1772 the town voted that both tiic westerly and easterly 
 (\. e. from Chestnut Plain as a base line) eross roads he laid out 
 three rods wide. And wdiere not otherwise specified, this is 
 believed to be the uniform width. 
 
 The road from Chestnut Plain near the old meeting-house, 
 south-easterly through " Egypt " to Hatfield, does not appear to 
 have been acce[)ted as a highway by cither llatiicld or ^^'hately, 
 though it was the convenient and the traveled way, from the 
 earliest settlement of the territory. 
 
 Christian Lane, and the road over ]\Iount Esther, as already 
 stated, were reserved lots, ten rods wide, and were in a continu- 
 ous line. The Lane was a " bridle path" in 17")(i, and :i rough 
 log "causeway " in 17(51, and Mill river was then crossed by a 
 fordway. In 1773 the town voted to build a foot bridge over 
 the Mill river Swamp, near the house of Dea. Simeon Wait fthe 
 J. C. Loomis place). Originally the Lane extended only to the 
 Straits. The road from Bartlett's corner to (Janterbury, north 
 of the cemetery, was laid in 1820. 
 
 From Chestnut Plain westerly, the road as first traveled, fol- 
 lowed nearly the line of the reserved l(jt, varying only to escape 
 "the Gutter," and to get an easier ascent up the hill. That part 
 " from the foot of i\It. Esther through land of Ensign Elisha 
 Allis to Abraham Turner's barn on Poplar hill"' was laid (jut in 
 1 773. From the foot of Mt. Esther to the Chestnut Plain street, 
 the location has been several times changed. In 1780 the town 
 voted to establish tlie alterations in the highway from \\'hatelv 
 meeting-house to Conway — beginning four rods south of the 
 brook, and running through the north-east jiart of Jonathan .VI- 
 lis's land, on the old road, etc., and to the old road near the foot 
 of the hill near Dea. Samuel ^Vells's house in Conwav. In 
 1801, record is made of a new location from Chestnut Plain road 
 on Levi Morton's north line to the old road near the I'ound. 
 ^^'est Lane, as it now runs was laid out in 1819. 
 
 Prol)ably the Hatfield authorities had no thought of a new 
 town when they marked off the Commons, and resc;rved the lots 
 for highways. But the intersection of those reserved highway 
 
124 • 
 
 lots determined where the central village of the new town should 
 be. And this line from Bartlett's corner to Poplar Hill was the 
 natural location for a road. Great Swamp could not be so 
 readily crossed at any other point ; and the ascent of the hills 
 was most feasible here. This w^as the earliest opened of any of 
 the cross roads, and was the most important, as it furnished a 
 convenient way for the Canterbury and Straits people, on the 
 one hand, and the West street families on the other, to get to 
 meeting on the Sabbath, and to town meeting. 
 
 After ready access to the meeting-liouse had been obtained, 
 the next important care was to secure a convenient way to mill. 
 Taylor's mills, which best accommodated many families, were 
 over the line in Deerfield, and consequently the road up Indian 
 hill is not noticed on our Eecords. Belding's mills at West 
 Brook were accessible from the Straits by means of the road on 
 the Hatfield side of the line running west, near where the pres- 
 ent road runs, and so across West Brook bridge. There ap- 
 pears to have been a way to these mills, from Chestnut Plain 
 street, northerly of the J. B. Morton place, before 1768. A 
 committee was appointed in 1772, to view a road to the mills ; 
 and another committee for the same purpose in 1776. What 
 they severally ♦ecoramended is not known. In 1777 a close 
 road three rods wide was laid from Spruce hill road, at Nathan 
 Wait's corner, over Stony hill to the mills, and thence to Chest- 
 nut Plain street. This was made an open road in 1779. The 
 part from the mills eastward was discontinued, and a road laid 
 from West Brook bridge to the mills in 1788. The Stony hill 
 road was discontinued in 1830, and one opened from the foot of 
 Chestnut mountain down the valley. 
 
 Eoads for general convenience were established early. In 
 1776 a committee was appointed to view a road from Poplar 
 hill road, beginning seven rods north of West Brook bridge, and 
 running south-westerly to Dry Hill ; and another committee to 
 view a road running north-westerly from Poplar hill road, 
 beo-inning at the north end of Noah Field's land, to Conway 
 line. This last was laid out the next year. In 1779 the town 
 voted, "That the road which leads from the Straits to Nathaniel 
 Coleman's be an open road, with this restriction, that Benj. 
 Scott, Jr. shall keep a good gate at Deerfield road ; another on 
 
. 125 
 
 Hoj)C\vell hill ono month ; another the whole of the year at the 
 south side of his land in Hopewell." ^Mention is made Jan. 8, 
 1778, of a road laid across land of Ahi;d IJraii'i:; and Oliver 
 Graves. In 1771), a road was laid to Joseph Nash's, and the 
 next year from eTose})li Nash's to Conway line. In 1780, the 
 road east of Ebenezer Scott's land was discontinued. In 1783 a 
 road was laid from Asa Sanderson's westerly to \V'illiamsburg 
 line. In 178,") a close road three rods wide was laid out from 
 the Iviver road, at a point eiu'ht rods north of fJosluia JJeldin's 
 house to the Connecticut liiver, and near the same time Mr. B. 
 opened a ferry across the river. A way was also laid out this 
 3^ear from Poplar hill I'oad by the Elijah Sanderson ])lace to 
 jMoses Munson's mill. A road was laid out the same year, from 
 the road runnin<i: west from John Smith's, northerly to Poplar 
 hill road near Peter Train's house. 
 
 or the roads laid in comparati\cly modern times, one from 
 Chestnut l^lain to the Island, between lands of Capt. Henry 
 Stiles and Lt. John White, was established in 1810. 
 
 The hiiihway from Dea. James Smith's mills down the valley 
 by Capt. Seth Iiardwell's, was laid out in 1824. 
 
 The road from the foot of Spruce hill, south-westerly to the 
 Hiram Smith place, was laid out in 1834. 
 
 The road to South Deerfield from (lUtter bridae, throuMi 
 Great Swamp was established in 1835 ; and the next year the 
 way leadini]^ from the lane north, was re-located, and near the 
 Swamp moved to the west. 
 
 The foregoing is an imperfect sketch of the highways of 
 Whately. Some roads were established and opened, of which 
 no record can be found ; in some cases the town ordered the sur- 
 vey and location of a road, and afterwards reconsidered its 
 action ; but in the mean time the road had been actually opened 
 to travel. Thus the Records fail to furnish data for a complete 
 history of our private and public highways. 
 
 These details may seem to be of trivial importance. I^ut they 
 were vital questions in their day. Individual and district pros- 
 perity hinged on the establishment or refusal to locate a road ; 
 on the adoption of this or that line; and Avhether it was an o[)en 
 or a close way. And these details have in themselves a certain 
 
126 
 
 historic value. There is always a reason for locating a road. 
 The reason may lie at the beginning or the end of the line : it 
 may be a personal, or it may be a public reason ; the reason may 
 be apparent, or it may be concealed. And a careful study of the 
 subject never fails to educe some valuable facts, illustrative of 
 sectional and general interests ; illustrative of wise forethought, 
 or foolish afterthought. The name of a road is expressive, like 
 the name of a town, or the baptismal name of a person. The 
 direction of a road indicates the course of settlement, or the 
 opening of a new industry, or outlet of a trade. And the gen- 
 eral history of its highways, is the history, in outline, of the 
 rise, and progress, and decay, of the industrial pursuits of a 
 town. 
 
C II APT Kit X. 
 
 EDUCATION. 
 
 As tlic early action of this town on matters pertaining" to edn- 
 cation had reference only to the town's own interests, and was 
 influenced by the varyin<i,- circnnistances of local growth and pros- 
 perity, this cha[)ter is necessarily made up largely of votes and 
 incidents, often apparently trivial. liut these incidents and 
 votes are worth preserving ; because while they reveal the senti- 
 ments and plans of each succeeding generation, and the conflict- 
 ing interests of diflferent sections, they also show that the public 
 free school system is the one best ada[)ted to our state of society, 
 and best answers the demands of a growing people and a free 
 government. Its flexibility is an advantage. Its voluntary 
 character is an advantage. Its de{)endence on an annual vote 
 of the citizens is an advantage. Even the suspension of the 
 schools for a year, in case of great emergency, has its compensa- 
 tions ; for then the father and mother are made to realize their 
 personal responsibility for their children's welfare ; and are led 
 to put forth efforts and make sacrifices which directly and indi- 
 rectly promote true education, and which furnish an illustration 
 of life's exigencies which benefits both parent and child. 
 
 To know the world is as im[)ortant as to know books. To 
 acquii'e the haljit of observing and thinking, and putting forth 
 the energies to master difKculties, is as much a part of school 
 duty as to recite lessons. The Puritan fathers had a broad and 
 true conception oi' what education is ; and among the earliest 
 Acts passed, was one requiring the selectmen of towns to see to 
 it that parents and masters train up their children " in learning, 
 and labor, and other employments which may be profitable to 
 the connuonwealth." For the learning, and habits of industry, 
 
 (127) 
 
128 
 
 and knowledge of some profitable employment, here enjoined, 
 not only fitted the child to become a useful member of the state, 
 but at the same time fitted him for individual excellence and hap- 
 piness. The proper aim of school instruction, as of all instruc- 
 tion to children, is to fit them for efficient duty. There is need 
 of knowlcdi:;e, and need of culture ; need to learn the dangers 
 of life, and how to shun them, as well as the best way to use its 
 advantages. The child needs to get a true idea of his depen- 
 dence on others for his happiness and influence, and to believe 
 in and respect the rights of others, as well as to believe in his 
 personal independence, and claim his ow* rights. He needs to 
 have his wits sharpened early, if he is to be a successful competi- 
 tor for position and power. 
 
 Our public schools, where all classes mingle, and where 
 courses of study are adapted to the various capacities, and where 
 restraint and liberty are wisely adjusted, and where parents and 
 teachers co-operate — as they do in every successful school — and 
 home and school discipline supplement each other ; — our public 
 schools, thus administered, furnish the best preparation for prac- 
 tical life. Probably parochial, and patronage schools, and pri- 
 vate tutors, would insure a higher standard of merely scientific 
 attainment to particular classes in the community ; but the true 
 education of the people is, beyond question, best promoted by 
 our free school system. 
 
 The fiirst year, the town made no provision for schools. The 
 season was well advanced before the new order of things got 
 fairly established, and there were no school houses. In 1772, at 
 the annual meeting in March, it was voted, " to raise £13 6s. Sd. 
 for schooling ; and that the selectmen lay out the money in 
 Chestnut Plain, Straits, and Poplar hill streets, said school 
 money being proportioned to each street agreeably to what they 
 respectively paid in the last year's rate." The schools in each 
 street, for this and several succeeding years, were kept at private 
 houses. A frame of a school-house was put up this year in 
 Chestnut Plain street, directly south of the meeting-house, but 
 it was not finished. Probably it remained unfit for use for sev- 
 eral years, as in 1774, the question came before the town to see 
 if any conveniences should be made in the meeting-house for 
 schooling. The town voted in the negative — very wisely it 
 
129 
 
 would appear, as the meeting-house was quite as nnfinished as 
 the school-house. Tiie sum of £13 (Ss. Hd. appears to have 
 hcen raised for school iui:,' during' each of" the next three years, and 
 the money was divided and expended as in 1772. In 1775 a 
 school conunittee was chosen, viz. : Benjamin Smith, Joseph 
 Scott, Joseph Bclding, Jr., Thomas Craf^ts, Elisha Belding, 
 Perez Bardwell, John Smith, Peter Train, Deacon Nathan 
 Graves. 
 
 The pressure of the War now became severe ; and for several 
 years no ])ul)lic money was raised for schooling, and it is not 
 probal)le that any schools were maintained. 
 
 An English School. — At a meeting, Dec. ], 1777, the 
 town "Voted, to accept the piece of land given by Keal)en Bel- 
 ding, deceased, for the use of schools in the town of Whatcly, 
 upon conditions named in his will.'' In explanation of this vote, 
 an extract from the will of Peuben Bclding, of Hatfield, who 
 died 177G, is here given. 
 
 " Furthermore, I give and bequeath to the inliabitants of the town of 
 Whately, in the County of Ilampsliire, for the sole use and benefit of an 
 English School to be kept tliere, as liereaftc^r mentioned, the estate, here- 
 after described, (the same to remain unalienable by the said town,) viz. : 
 that farm, or traet of land in said Whately, with tlie dwelling-house stand- 
 ing tliereon, in which Nih'S Coleman now lives, lying on the Island, so 
 called, between the lands of Henry Stiles and ^^li^]la Belding, and bounded 
 west upon the ISIill River, and extending thence east two hundred rods, and 
 carrying the width of seventeen rods the length aforesaid: And I hereby 
 appoint and impower the selectmen of the said town of AVhately for the 
 time being forc.-ver hereaftc^r to take the care and direction of the improve- 
 ment of the said farm, and the issues and profits of the same, and the 
 buildings thereon and appurtenances thereof to employ for the benefit of 
 the said school. And tin's gift and bequest I make upon the following con- 
 ditions and no otherwise, viz. : Tiiat the said school be kc^pt in that street 
 in the said town called the Chestnut Plain street, near where the present 
 meeting-house stands, and that the same be set up within two years from 
 the time of mv decease, and be not suffered at any time thereafler to cease 
 or fail to l>e kept up and maintained for the term of six months in any 
 future year: And in case such school as aforesaid shall not l)e set up at or 
 near tlie said place in the said street, and within the time above limited, 
 and be kept and maintained in manner as aforesaid, then it is my will that 
 the said estate shall be and remain to my kinsmen hereafter named and 
 their heirs." 
 
 R 
 
130 
 
 The tract of land above specified was Lot No. 21, in the 
 second division of Commons. It appears that the town failed to 
 take the necessary steps to carry out the provisions of the will ; 
 anci consequently the bequest was forfeited.* 
 
 In 1780, the town voted -to build three school-houses ; and the 
 next year voted to put off building the same. But about this 
 time a school-house sixteen feet square was built in the Straits, 
 on the corner south-westerly from the Zebina Bartlett place ; 
 another was built on Poplar Hill road, by private individuals; 
 and there is some evidence that one was built on Spruce Hill, 
 which was used for a time by the dwellers on Chestnut Plain 
 street. 
 
 In 1782, Mary White, Jr., taught a school in Chestnut Plain 
 street, but whether in a school house or private house, the record 
 does not say. In 1784 the town raised £18, to be divided into 
 three equal parts, £G for each street, and Noah Bardwell, Josiah 
 Allis and Thomas Sanderson were appointed a committee to lay 
 it out. Zilpah Stiles was employed to teach in the Centre, nine- 
 teen weeks. In 1785, £18 was granted, to be divided as in '84, 
 and a school-master was employed for ten weeks, beginning 
 June 11. The reasons for a summer term probably were, that 
 the first school-houses had no fire places ; and it was inconven- 
 ient for families to \ci their rooms during the cold season ; and 
 the cost of fuel would subtract too much from the scant funds 
 at the disposal of parents and committees. Mr. Backus was 
 school-master in 1787. Miss Stiles was again employed in '89. 
 She appears to have been a very useful person in the new town, 
 
 *The will of Reuben Belding was dated November 27, 1775; probated 
 September 3, 1776. ]\Iention is made of liis sisters, Eunice, wife of James 
 Porter of Hatfield ; Dorothy, wife of Elislia Biliinfj of Hardwick ; Submit, 
 wife of David Scott of Whately ; Martha, wife of Warliam Smith of Iladley. 
 He also names his late wife's sisters, Mary, wife of Samuel May, Hannah, 
 wife of Joseph Flowers, Susannah Pierce, all of Wethersfield ; niece, Mary, 
 wife of Jona. Pierce of Hartford; cousins, Samuel Belding and Silas Por- 
 ter of Hatfield. His inventory amounted to £2,486 4s. 6(Z. Pie owned 
 grist and saw mills on West Brook — the Isaac Frary privilege— before 
 1770, afterwards owned by his cousin Samuel Belding. He owned real 
 estate in Hatfield, Whately, Hatfield PCquivalent, and Ashfield. He 
 bequeathed to the inhabitants of New Township No. 7, (Hawley,) in the 
 county of Hampshire, lot No. 115 in that township for the sole use and 
 benefit of an English School to be kept there, etc. 
 
131 
 
 teaching school as occasion required, anil at other times doing 
 the tailoring and dress-making of the families, till her marriage 
 with Peter Clark. 
 
 In 1781), the town voted "to appropriate the money raised 
 for schooling to pay arrearages in Mr. Wells's salary." 
 
 December G, 171K), the town voted to provide five school- 
 houses for the use of the town ; that the house now built in the 
 East district, which is sixteen feet square, be sufficient for that 
 part of the town ; that the Chestnut Plain school-house be 20 X 
 16 feet; that the Spruce Hill district school-house be 20X16 
 feet; that the Poplar Hill school-house be 15X18 feet, and that 
 the town will give the proprietors of the house now in that street, 
 the sum of £11 10s ; that the Grass Hill school-house be 14x18 
 feet. The Straits school-house stood, as already described. The 
 one in the Centre was directly south of the meeting-house. The 
 one on Spruce Hill was about forty rods south of Levi Morton's, 
 now the Kufus Dickinson place. The house for the Poplar Hill 
 district was built on land of Lt. Noah Bardwcll, about ten rods 
 south of the West burying ground, on the west side of the road. 
 (The old step-stone may now be seen, on the spot.) In. the 
 same year £30 was appropriated for schooling, the money to be 
 proportioned on the children in each district from eight to twenty- 
 one years of age. The rule of ap})ortioning the school money 
 varied : in some years it was divided equally to each district ; 
 sometimes, one-half on the scholar and one-half to a district. 
 In 1827 the town voted to number the children on the first of 
 May, from seven to twenty, and divide the money on the scholar. 
 
 After a school-house was l)uilt on Spruce Hill, Judith White 
 sometimes kept there, and sometimes in the Centre. Other early 
 teachers were Itebccca Baker, Electa Allis, Thomas Clark, Mr. 
 Osgood, John Parmenter, I?enj. blather, Thomas Sanderson, 
 Jun. 
 
 In 1785, Simeon Morton, Lieut. Noah Bardwell, Capt. Phin. 
 Frary, John White, Joel Wait, 2d, were chosen school com- 
 mittee. In 1798, the town voted to reduce the number of school 
 districts from five to four. 
 
 1799. Voted £50 to build a school-house in Chestnut Plain 
 street, 30x24 feet. And as this was the first large and finished 
 school-house in town, and was evidently looked upon as a model 
 
132 
 
 house of the day, it may be well to give the specifications : — 
 Contracted with Benjamin Scott, for £42 17s, to build the new 
 school-house, to be rough-boarded and clap-boarded, and shingled, 
 and a chimney built, and a hearth laid, the house to be glazed 
 and window shutters on the outside, and the outside door huno-. 
 As is often the case when men begin to be extravajrant, the 
 money first appropriated proved insufficient to fully carry out 
 the idea, and later in the year a committee consisting of John 
 White, William Mather and Solo. Adkins, was appointed, who 
 sold the finishing of the house to Luther White, the lowest 
 bidder, for $(57. This house stood on the east side of the street, 
 a little way south of the meeting-house. And now another per- 
 plexity arose. The people living on the outskirts had consented 
 to be taxed heavily for the large and comfortable Centre school- 
 house, loith a fire-place ; and now, as they thought, it would 
 be no more than just that they should be allowed to use it as a 
 "noon room" on the Sabbath, where they could warm them- 
 selves and chat away the intermission. J5ut the town voted Nay. 
 Nor was this all. The dwellers on Spruce Hill became jealous, 
 and in 1801 a vote was carried in town meeting "to move the 
 school-house on Spruce Hill to the guide-board near Nathan 
 Wait's, and add four feet to the length, and put it in as good 
 repair as the school-house near the meeting-house." 
 
 Previous to this last vote, however, and about the time when 
 the new centre school-house was completed, having got three 
 school-houses more comfortable than the rest, a vote was passed 
 "to divide the town into three school districts, the lines to be, 
 Mill River, between the East and Centre districts, and a line 
 running north and south between Elijah Allis's and Daniel Al- 
 lis's, and between Maj. Phin. Frary's and Ileuben Graves's, — 
 giving Joseph Crafts, Daniel Allis, and Reuben Graves liberty 
 to choose which district they shall belong to." This vote was 
 not at once carried into full — even if it was into partial, effect. 
 In 1801, the town voted to build a school-house in the north- 
 west district, 26x22 feet, and finish it in imitation of the one in 
 the Centre district, " only twenty lights in a window." The 
 next year, the town voted to buy the old school-house near 
 Josiah Brown's for a work-house. 
 
 No new movements in relation to schools or school-houses 
 
133 
 
 appear on the records for the next ten years. In 1811 the school- 
 house in tlie Straits was re[)hxcc(l, on the old spot, l^y a new 
 one 18x24 feet, at a cost of one hiuuh-ed dolhirs. This house 
 had two fire phices, one at each end of the room. The same year, 
 the middle district was divided, and two new school-houses 
 built, each 20X24 feet; one where the north centre house now 
 stands, the other near Stiles's corner. And in 1813 school- 
 houses were built in the south-west and north-west districts. 
 
 As early as 1821 the families living- in Canterbury moved to 
 secure a new school-house for their acconnuodation ; but the 
 town negatived the plan. And in 1827, the families living south 
 of Sugar Loaf united and built by subscription a house just on. 
 the north line of J. C Sanderson's laud, (near where the 
 witch left his print in the ground when he jumped from Sugar 
 Loaf.) The next year the town voted to allow the Canterbury 
 f^unilies their portion of the school money, and also to move the 
 Straits school-house to the corner of the proprietor's highway. 
 In 1829, the town voted that the inhabitants of the east district 
 have liberty to build a house for a select school on the land 
 owned by the town where the old school-house formerly stood. 
 
 A special effort on behalf of the schools appears to have been 
 made this year, the result of which was the adoption by the town 
 in 1<S30 of the following rules : — 
 
 Resolved, 1. That the boys have the pi'ivilege of attending 
 the schools in the summer, till they are ten years old, and the 
 winter school when they are seven years old. 
 
 Resolved, 2. That the girls have the privilege of attending 
 the summer schools till they are thirteen years old, and the win- 
 ter schools when they ai'c ten years old. 
 
 Resolved, 3. That the south-west district and the east district 
 shall be permitted to send scholars to the several schools at an 
 advanced ratio of age, provided that the prudential connuittee 
 of the district and the superintending committee shall judge that 
 the increase of scholars will not injure the school. 
 
 Resolved, 4. That one-third of the money which each district 
 shall draw from the town, be apportioned for the benefit of the 
 small scholars, and the remainder for the large scholars in 
 winter. 
 
134 
 
 Voted, That the school money be divided, the one-half on the 
 district, and the other half on the scholar, the ensuing year. 
 
 In 1832, it was voted to divide the town into three districts 
 for the benefit of large scholars, to be called the East Section, 
 the Middle Section, and the West Section. And the minor 
 arrangements under this division appear to have been left to the 
 discretion of the school committee. In 1833, the East district 
 was divided, and a school-house built south of the Elijah Allis 
 place. The six districts, into which the town was then divided, 
 remain substantially unchanged to the present day. 
 
 Select or High School. — The question was several times 
 agitated of erecting a building near the meeting-house, for a 
 school of higher grade. In 1829 the people of the east part 
 made a move to get such a building there ; and the town so far 
 favored the })lan as to give them leave to erect a school-house on 
 the town's land, at Bartlett's corner. In 1831, the matter of 
 building a Town house came u^i, and the town voted to raise 
 one hundred and fifty dollars, to be given by the town, together 
 with the town land lying near Justin Morton's barn, to the pro- 
 prietors of a school-house, — provided they have a hall in said 
 building sufficiently large to do all the town business in. The 
 scheme did not succeed. 
 
 In the winter of 1838, several citizens associated, and raised 
 the requisite funds ; and the next season built a Select School 
 House on West Lane. A school was kept here in the fall and 
 winter of 1839-40, by Addison Ballard, of Framingham, then 
 a member of Williams College. This school was maintained for 
 a single term, annually, with a good deal of interest, for a num- 
 ber of years. The building was sold and converted into a dwel- 
 ling house, about 1854. 
 
 In 1871 the Town Hall was raised up sufficiently for a second 
 story, and enlarged by the addition of twelve feet to the length. 
 The lower story is divided, and finished, for the uses of a Select 
 School, a Town Library, and Town offices. 
 
CHAPTER XI. 
 
 ■\VIIATELY IN THE WARS. THE rKENCII AND INDIAN AVAR, 
 
 17o4-17()3: the "wak of the itEVOLUTioN, 1775-1783: 
 
 THE shays' REBELLION, 178(j-7: THE WAR OF 1812-14: 
 THE REBELLION OF 18C)l-()5. 
 
 Although the war of 1754 antedates the incorporation of tlie 
 town, yet as permanent settlements had been made, and tiiese 
 families are identified with its social and civil life, and their indi- 
 vidual at'ts illustrate its public histoiy, there is an evident pi-o- 
 priety that the Wav Records of the time should be included in 
 the annals of Whately. These earlier struggles against the 
 encroachments of the French, were a preparation for the later 
 struggle for Colonial Independence. The private soldier received 
 a training which fitted him for the post of command. And thus 
 the discipline of the cam^, and the smell of gunpowder were not 
 new experiences to the Minute Men of '75. 
 
 As will be seen, several of the men whose record is given, 
 were at the time of their enlistment, inhabitants of other and 
 distant towns ; some saw the lands on which thev afterwards 
 settled for the first time, when marching to and from the scene of 
 warfare northward and westward ; and some were then, and con- 
 tinued to be citizens of Deerfield, till the south part of that town, 
 on which they were located, was annexed to Whately in 1810. 
 
 The ages of these soldiers varied greatly ; and in some cases 
 father and son were members of the same company. Ebenezer 
 Bardwell, Sen., was fifty; Gains Crafts was thirty; Joseph 
 Sanderson, Jr., was eighteen. Some were out in a single cam- 
 paign ; others took part in nearly every expedition during the 
 seven years of active warfare. 
 
 Although the list may be incomplete, yet even this brief 
 record will help do justice to the memory of many brave men, 
 
 ( 13-5 ) 
 
136 
 
 who gave the flower of their youth to their country ; and some of 
 whom, through the neglect or inability of the Government, failed 
 to receive a proper return for their sacrifices of time, and money, 
 and health. 
 
 Tlie scope of this work does not include a history of the causes 
 and progress of these wars ; it docs not even include an extended 
 account of any single campaign. Indeed, so far as the French 
 war is concerned, our account will be confined to a bare record 
 of the names of those who were at the time, or afterwards became 
 inhabitants of Whately ; and a list of the expeditions in which 
 each soldier served. 
 
 Abraliaui Parker. In Capt. Israel Willianis"'s Company, August, lloi 
 to Mareli, 1755. 
 
 Henry Stiles. In Capt. Ephraim Williams's Company at Fort Massachu- 
 setts, Sept. 23, 1754. In Capt. Israel Williams's Company, Dec. 11, 1755 
 to jNIarch 10, 1756. In Capt. John Burke's Company, expedition to Crown 
 Point, March 29 to Dec. 30, 1750. Sergeant in Capt. Isaac Wyman's 
 Company, Dec. 25, 1756 to Jan. 26, 1757. Sergeant in Capt. John Burke's 
 Company, expedition to Fort William Henry, Feb. 12 to Nov, 4, 1757. 
 
 Richard Carey. In Capt. Elijah Williams's Company, 1755. In Capt. 
 John Burke's Company, March 2 to April 1, 1757. 
 
 Philip Smith. In Capt. Elijah Williams's Company, 1755. In Capt. 
 William Lyman's Company, Sept. 10 to Dec. 30, 1756. 
 
 Simeon Graves. In Capt. E. Williams's Company, 1755. In Capt. 
 William Lyman's Company, Sept. 10 to Dec. 1)0, 1756. 
 
 Joel Dickinson. In Capt. Lyman's Company at Lake George, 1755. 
 Sergeant in same Company, Sept. 10 to Dec. 30, 1756. 
 
 Samuel Carley. In Capt. Benjamin Ballard's Company, IMarch to Oct. 
 1755; and Dec, 1755 to March, 1756. In Capt. Samuel Howe's Com- 
 pany, 1756. In Capt. John Burke's Company, expedition to Fort William 
 Henry, Feb. to Nov., 1757. 
 
 Robert Hazzard. In two expeditions against Crown Point, 1755. In 
 Capt. Jona. Ball's Company, expedition to Canada, 1758. In expedition 
 for reduction of Canada, 1760. 
 
 Gaius Crafts. In Capt- Moses Porter's Company, expedition to Crown 
 Point, April 1 to Sept. 8, 175G. In expedition to Canada, campaigns of 
 1758 and 1759. In Capt. Elijah Smith's Company, expedition to Crown 
 Point, April, 1759 to Jan., 1760. 
 
 Perez Bardwell. Enlisted at 18 years old. In expedition to Crown 
 Point, 1756. In Capt. John Burke's Company, I\Iarch 2 to April 1, 1757. 
 In Capt. Salah Barnard's Company, 1757. In same Company, expedition 
 to Canada, 1758 and 1759. Corporal in Capt. Barnard's Company, expe- 
 dition to Canada, Feb. to Dec, 1760; and in Capt. William Shepard's 
 Company, April, 1761 to Jan. 1702. 
 
137 
 
 Paul Smith. In Capt. Moses Porter's Company, expedition to Crown 
 Point, 175G. In expedition to Canada, 1759. 
 
 David (Jraves. In Cajjt. J\Ioses Porter's Company, expedition to Crown 
 Point. 17.'»(). 
 
 Seth Wait. In Capt. Moses Porter's Company, expedition to Crown 
 Point, 17.")(). In Capt. Elijah Smith's Company, expedition to Crown 
 Point, April, 17.09 to Jan. 17G0 
 
 Ebenezer Hardw(d!. Lieutenant in Capt. ]\Ioses Porter's Company, 
 expedition to Crown Point, 17.j(); also in Capt. Jona. Pall's Company, 
 same yeai\ In Ca[)t. SaUih Parnard's Company, expedition to ('anada, 
 1757 and 1758. In Capt. John Burke's Company, engaged in liringing in 
 deserters, from Mareh 80 to Dec. 25, 1759. 
 
 Ebenezer Bardwell, Jr. In Capt Sahdi Barnard's Company, expedition 
 to Canada, 1757 and 1758. 
 
 Reuben Dickinson. In Capt. Mcses Porter's Company, expedition to 
 Crown Point, April 1 to Sept. 8, 175G. 
 
 Nathaniel Dickinson. In Capt. Porter's Company, exi)edition to Crown 
 Point, 1750. In Capt. John Burke's Company, 1757. 
 
 Joseph Belding. In Capt. Whitcomb's Company, 175G. 
 
 Nathaniel Sartwell. In (^apt. Whitcomb's Comj)any, 1756. In Capt. 
 John Burke's Company, 1757. 
 
 Israel Scott. In Capt. Isaac Wyman's Company, Dec. 175G to Jan. 
 1757. 
 
 Isracd Graves. In Capt. Israel AVilliams's Company, 175C. 
 
 Salmon White Cor|)oral in Capt. William Lyman's Company, 1756. 
 
 Elisha Frary. Drummer in Capt. William Lyman's Company, 1756. 
 
 Abner Dickinson. In Capt. William Lyman's Company, 1756. 
 
 Joseph Byram. In Capt. John Burke's Company, 1757. Ensign in Col. 
 Jona. Hoar's Regiment. 1761. Ensign in command of Invalid Company 
 at Crown Point, Nov., 1761 to INIarch, 1762. 
 
 Julius Allis. In Cajjt. Salah Barnard's Company, 1757; also in same 
 Company, expedition to Canada, 1758. 
 
 Samuel Bardwell, brother of Perez. In Capt. Barnard's Company, 
 1757. In expedition to Canada, 1758 and 1759. 
 
 Oliver (Jraves, and Nathan Graves. In Lieut. Billings's Com])any, 
 marched for relief of Fort W'illiam Henry, 1757. 
 
 Paul Belding. In Capt. -John Burke's Company, expedition to Canada, 
 1759. 
 
 Silas Smitii. In Ca|)t. l>iirke's Company, as above. 
 
 Jeremiah Wait. In Capt. Salah Barnard's Company, expedition to 
 Canada, 1760. 
 
 "Wam of the Revolution, 1775-1783. — The letters of 
 
 Thoniiis AMiately and Governor Ilutcliinson, copied at length in 
 
 a preceding chapter, htive given intimation of an impending 
 
 struggle between the Colonies and the Mother Country. 
 
 The original charters of the American Colonies were under- 
 s 
 
138 
 
 stood to guarantee to the people all the rights and liberties of 
 Englishmen. One of the dearest of these rights was, imnuinity 
 from taxation, except by their own consent, — i.e., by their 
 representatives in Parliament. And as the Colonists had no 
 representation, they claimed that they were rightfully exempt. 
 And this exen)ption had not before been called in question. For 
 near one hundred and fifty years this guarantied privilege had 
 not been disturbed. But after the close of the war with France 
 in 17()3, Great Britain found herself burdened alike Avith debts 
 and with domestic taxes; and, as a measni-c of relief, the min- 
 istry devised the plan of raising a revenue by impost and other 
 duties, levied on articles of prime necessity to her American 
 subjects. 
 
 These measures were resisted by the Colonies ; not so much 
 because the burden first imi)osed was oppressive, but because the 
 right to raise a revenue in this way implied the right to levy 
 more direct taxes ; and thus made the internal management of 
 American affiiirs subject to the will of Parliament. It was a 
 first move in a course which would undermine their liberties. 
 
 Remonstrances, and petitions, and appeals to the King were 
 sent home, and had their effect. The first revenue laws were 
 repealed or modified, or allowed to remain inoperative. 
 
 But the repeal of tiie 8tam[) Act was accompanied with the 
 passage of an Act, declaring " that Parliament has, and of 
 ri<2;ht ought to have, power to bind the Colonies in all cases 
 whatsoever." 
 
 Other plans for taxing the Americans were adopted ; and new 
 causes of irritation sprung up, which developed and tested the 
 temper of men on both sides. But what aroused most deeply 
 the spirit of the Colonies was an address to the King, adoj)ted 
 by Parliament in February, 17(59, requesting that orders might 
 be sent to the Governor of Massachusetts to transport to England 
 for trial all who should be suspected of treason. This was an 
 unexpected move, and was looked upon as hostile and vengeful. 
 Nothing could be more odious to a freeman, who had all his life 
 enjoyed equal rights in his native land, than the idea of being 
 torn from his country and tried for his life by strangers. 
 
 The British view of this measure is presented in the letter of 
 Mr. Whately. The American view of this and the measures 
 
139 
 
 that imniodiatcly followed it, is sot forth in well known declara- 
 tions of the colonial louislature."^, in the destruction of the tea in 
 Boston harbor, and the ^^'ar of the Revolution. 
 
 Massachusetts was the first ( f the Colonies to resist the arbi- 
 trary Acts of Parliament ; and her Capital was singled out as the 
 first to receive exemplary punishment. She led the way in 
 devising ways and means of revolution ; and bore her full share 
 in the sacrifices and sorrows of the contest. 
 
 Although the peojjlc of the Connecticut valley were less 
 .directly affected by the restrictions on conuncrce, and the pres- 
 ence of foreign troops, than the sea-board towns, yet the prin- 
 ciples involved were felt by all to touch the vital issues of civil 
 life and political liberty. And our people were quick to respond 
 to the alarm of danger, and entered with the whole heart into 
 the struggle for independence. 
 
 IiVthe fall and winter of 1772-73, a plan was originated by 
 the leading patriots of this State, which had a most important 
 bearing on the progress and ultimate success of the revt)lution, 
 and the subsequent union of the Colonies. This [)lan was the 
 appointment of a central Committee of Correspondence and 
 Liquirij in Boston ; and like committees in every town in the 
 Province. Similar committees were appointed by Virginia and 
 other colonial assemblies. By this means the counsels and 
 action of the entire people were brought into harmony, and 
 efficiency and strength given to every movement. 
 
 A circular, accompanied with a pamphlet, wherein "the rights 
 of the colonists, and the infringements thereof, are set forth," 
 was sent to the inhal)itants oi' the several towns in the State. 
 A copy of this was received by the Whately authorities early in 
 1773. A town meeting was immediately called, and a com- 
 mittee of three, viz.,^ — Edward Brown, Elisha Frary, and 
 Joseph Belding, Jr., was chosen to answer the said letter. The 
 committee drew up, and forwarded (by vote of the town) the 
 following reply : — 
 
 " Gentlemen, — The proceedinj^s of the town of Boston under the present 
 exigeneies, we esteem very laudable and worthy of a metropolis. We eon- 
 cur in general with your sentiments in staling the rights of the colonists 
 and Frovince, and of the infringements of these rights. \Ve hold fast loy- 
 alty to our Sovereign ; yet we groan under our burden, but do not despair 
 
140 
 
 of redress. If the importunity of a poor widow may move an unjust judge 
 to avenge her, how much more may we hope for redress by frequent appli- 
 cation to a gracious King. We shall at all times heartily join with you, in 
 all legal and constitutional measures, for the keejiing of these inestimable 
 privileges wrested from us, and firmly to secure those that remain. For 
 we are sensible that, should we renounce our liberty and privileges, we 
 should renounce the rights of man, the rights of humanity, and even our 
 duty to God and man. We have no doubts but that the Parliament of 
 Great Britain will hereby understand that 'tis not the discontentedness of 
 a fiaction, but that the whole people are sensible of the burdens they labor 
 under." 
 
 This letter is indicative of the general popular sentiment. 
 The people were still strongly attached to their Sovereign, and 
 had not given up hope of securing redress for their grievances ; 
 but they were ready to stand by their leaders, and to defend their 
 ancient rights and privileges. In this town, as in other places, 
 the use of tea, and most West India goods, had almost entirely 
 ceased. Foreign calicoes and woolens, which had largely t«ken 
 the place of homespun, were now discarded. The spinning- 
 wheels were restored to their place in the living-room ; the looms 
 were repaired ; and the younger girls became ambitious to learn 
 all the mysteries of making and dyeing cloth ; and men and 
 women alike returned to the wool and flaxen garments of their 
 grand-parents. Great care was taken to increase the number of 
 sheep. The acreage of flax sown was doubled. All projected 
 public improvements were stayed ; and family expenses were cut 
 down to the lowest point. Lawsuits were taken out of court 
 and settled ; alienated neighbors became friends. 
 
 1774. This was a year of active preparation. The central 
 committee of correspondence called for money to help the dis- 
 tressed citizens of Boston, and further the plans of armament 
 and organization. And at a town meeting in Whately, held 
 July 21, it was voted, "To pay out of the town stock the sura 
 sent for by the committee." 
 
 Oliver Graves was chosen deputy to attend the Provincial 
 Cono-ress to be holden at Concord the second Tuesday in Octo- 
 ber. [Elisha Frary was delegate to the Second Congress, held 
 at Cambridge, February 5, 1775 ; Noah Wells and Salmon 
 White went to the Third Congress, which met at the meeting- 
 house in Watertown the last of May, 1775.] 
 
141 
 
 Dui-ing tliis fall — 1774 — a company of minute men was 
 organized. As was natural, the men who had been trained in 
 tiie French and Indian War were looked to as best fitted to lead 
 in this new strngiile. Lieut. Ei)cnezer Bardwell, who had seen 
 most military service, was now sixty-eight years old ; and Henry 
 Stiles, now in the prime of life, and next him in military expe- 
 rience, was selected to command the company. The best men 
 of the town enlisted and took their {)lace in the ranks. 
 
 At a meeting in December the town voted, ''To provide one 
 hundred weight of powder, two hundred weight of lead, and 
 two hundred flints, for the use of the town." 
 
 1775. Early in January a committee of correspondence was 
 chosen, consisting of Oliver Graves, Benjamin kSmith, Oliver 
 IMorton, Joshua Beldin, flohn Smith, Elisha Frary, Paul Smith. 
 And at the same town meeting it was voted, "To raise money 
 for the minute men." 
 
 " Voted, That the minute men be allowed 8d. for each half- 
 day sj)ent ; to the sergeants, lOd. ; to the lieutenants, 12(/." 
 
 " Voted, That the minute men train four half-days between 
 this and the first day of May next." 
 
 The Lexington Alarm. — The Battle of Lexinirton was 
 fought April 19th, and the news reached the valley late in the 
 day of the 20th. The alarm was instantly sounded ; and the 
 Whately company of minute men was ready to start early the 
 next morning. They marched that day and the next forenoon 
 forty miles, and receiving intelligence that the British had 
 retreated, and tiiat their services would not be recjuired, they 
 returned home the 23d. 
 
 The roll of this company — found in the State Archives — is as 
 follows : — 
 
 Henry Stiles, Capt. Simeon Wells. 
 
 Noah Bardwell, Lieut. * Ebenezcr Dickinson. 
 John Lainson, Sergt. Niles Coleman. 
 
 John Brown, " Roswell Smith. 
 
 Benj. Fish. 
 Privates. Joel Wait. 
 
 Thomas Sanderson. Daniel Wells. 
 
 Paul Belding. Salmon White. 
 
 Ebenezer Bardwell, Jr. Edward l>rown. 
 
 John Wait David Ingraham. 
 
142 
 
 This list, liowever, comprises less than half the Whately men 
 that marched that day for the scene of strife. The Hatfield 
 companies were made np largely of onr townsmen ; and some of 
 the Deerfield company, though then living over the line, should 
 be reckoned to our account, in Capt. Perez Graves's Hatfield 
 company were, — 
 
 Silas Smith, Serg't. Gideon Dickinson. 
 
 Gaius Crafts. Jacob Mosher. 
 
 John Sniitli. Bciij. Smith. 
 
 Jonathan Edson. Joel Wait. 
 Elisha Smith. 
 
 This company marched to Ware — twenty-three miles — and 
 returned with the Whately cuuipany. 
 
 In Capt. Israel Chapin's company, Colonel John Fellows's 
 regiment, that marched April 20, and was out seven days, 
 were, — 
 
 Perez Bardwell, Lieut. Jidin Crafts. 
 
 Natiri Sartle, Sergt. Joseph Crafts. 
 
 Joseph Belding, Jr., do. Noah Field. 
 
 Abel Scott, Corp. Selah Graves. 
 
 Phineas Frary, Drimi'r. Joel Scott. 
 
 Eleazar Frary, Fifer. Elijah Scott. 
 
 Zenas Field. Joiin Sanderson. 
 
 Josiah Brown. Solomon Snow. 
 
 David i\Iorton. Elisha Smith. 
 
 Abel Bacon. Ellhu Wait. 
 Simeon Morton. 
 
 And two Whately men in this company, viz : — Gad Wait and 
 Selah Scott, were in service one month and twenty-four days. 
 
 In Captam Jonas Locke's company of Deerfield minute 
 men, were, — Oliver Shattuck, John Locke, Adonijah Taylor, 
 Jonathan SpafFord. The Captain, and a part of this company, 
 were in service thirty-three days. 
 
 Ebenezer Barnird was in Capt. N. Leonard's Sunderland 
 company. 
 
 In Capt. Seth Murray's Hatfield company, Col. Woodbridge's 
 regiment — that marched April 29, and was out till August 25 — 
 were the following Whately names : — Joel Dickinson, and his 
 brother Reuben Dickinson (then of Conway), Caleb Beals, 
 
143 
 
 (father of Caleb, Jr., of ^Vl)atcly,) Jonathan ICdson. Elisha 
 Wells, Jacob AValker (then of Ilaldcldj. 
 
 This Is an honorable record. '1 he number of males in ti/wn, 
 at this date, between sixteen aiid sixty was less than one hun- 
 dred. And about forty of this one hundred volunteered to 
 niari-h at a minute's warninu' in defence of their chartered rights. 
 And the fact deserves mention in this connection, that, from 
 the beginning to the end of the \\:\v, A\'hately was never deficient 
 in her quota of men. 
 
 The act of the l>ritish Irooj-s in marching from Boston for the 
 destruction of military stores, and the bloody encounters at Lex- 
 ington and Concord, virtually extinguished hope of reconciliation, 
 and severed the l)ond which l)()iii!'} the Colony to the King's 
 authority. And it is a matter ot' interest to know Jiow a people 
 suddenly loosed from govei'nmeni;'.! lestrainfs will conduct them- 
 selves. 'I'he following pn[)cr will show what was the first action 
 of our town's people : — " \Vlierc;'.s the Law of the Province, or 
 the execution of it is ceased, and the constables have not had 
 that power to collect the rates as heretofore : These arc to let 
 you know, as constables, that this town's Committee, chosen for 
 that purpose, will and do protect you in the collection of those 
 rates that are now behind, in six weeks from this date, or the 
 town treasurer shall have full pi)wer to di.-trnin on said con- 
 stables. 
 
 "Signed, — David Graves, Philip Smith, Josc])h Belding, 
 Elisha Belding, John Crafts, Xoah \Vells, Oliver Graves, 
 Benj. Smith, l^lisha Frary, Josiah Allis." 
 
 " Whately, May y" Ath, 177,")." 
 
 The Whately men who took [)art in the battle of Bunker IUll, 
 so far as can be ascertained, were, h^lisha AVells, Jonathan Spaf- 
 ford, .lonathan Edson, Jonathan I^lson, Jr. 
 
 177(1. — Before it was known what had been the action of the 
 Continental Congress, at a town meeting, July (5, 177(5, it was 
 voted, "That in case the Continental Congress shall declare the 
 Colonies to be in an independent state from Great Britain, we 
 will support the declaration with our lives and fortunes." 
 
 Previous to this, i. e. on the 25th of June, an order had been 
 issued for raising five thousand men for immediate service. The 
 
144 
 
 troops from Hampshire County were destined to march to Can- 
 ada. The quota required of Whately was nine : the foHowing 
 men enHsted, viz. : Joseph CraftSj Eben'r Dickinson, Joel 
 Morton, Samuel G. Morton, Phineas Scott, Elijah Scott, Luther 
 Scott, Philo 15acon, Asa Sanderson. These men. received a 
 bounty of £7 from the State ; and the town voted £54 " for their 
 encouragement." 
 
 As soon as the news arrived at Boston that the united colonies 
 had declared their independence, an order was issued (July 10) 
 for the enlistment of every twenty-fifth man in the State, to re- 
 inforce the northern army. The town records do not give the 
 names of the men who answered to this call. But the following 
 list contains the names of all the three years' enlisted and drafted' 
 men required to fill the town's quota fi'om 1776 to 1779 inclu- 
 sive : — Bernice Snow, Eben'r Bardwell, Jr., Solomon Snow, 
 Ze[)h. Snow, Oliver Train, Henry Jones, Joab Bragg, John 
 Hawley, Edward Brown, Abel Bacon, — all residents of Whate- 
 ly ; Thomas Herendon, (Harrington,) Joab Belding, residence 
 unknown:* Bezaleel Phelps, of Worthington ; Samuel Black- 
 man and Amos Fuller, of Partridgefield. 
 
 Oliver Morton, and others (names not given) went on an 
 expedition to Ticonderoga, sometime during this year. 
 
 The muster roll of Capt. Oliver Lyman's company in service at 
 Dorchester, Nov. 27, 177(3 to Mar. 1777, contains the names of 
 Adna Smith, William Brown, Benjamin Parker. In the same 
 company, from Dec. 1, 1776 to Feb. 2S, 1777. were Phineas 
 Smith, Bezaleel Smith, Abraham Parker. Matthew Graves, 
 James Sanderson, Aaron Pratt, Elisha Smith, Julius Frary, 
 fifer, (then of Ashfield), were in garrison at Ticonderoga, under 
 Capt. Benjamin Phillips, from Dec. 23, 1776 to Feb. 24, 
 1777. 
 
 Military stores were scarce ; and the several towns were called 
 upon to furnish their quota of blankets, shirts and stockings, as 
 well as beef and bread. In one of the first calls for four thou- 
 
 * HarrinjTton and Beldinj^ enlisted Feb. 28. 1777 ; were assijrned to 
 Capt. Samuel Flowers's company, second battalion of Massachusetts Bay 
 Forces, Col. John Cireaton's regiment. The company was mustered at 
 Albany, Nov. 10,1777; stationed at Greenbush, 1778; at White Plains, 
 Feb. 1779. Belding was corporal, 1778. 
 
145 
 
 sand blankets, tlie niinihcr required f»f Wliatcly was seven. The 
 method of coHertin^ tlicsc was, for a coniniittee to go to a house, 
 and after in(|iiin' and examination (UuMth! whether the family 
 ought to furnish one, two, or three bhmjjets, make the demand, 
 and pay a specified sum in the paj)er money of the (hiy. Some- 
 times blankets were taken directly from the beds in use. Beef 
 was collected by orders upon the town authorities, and was often 
 delivered upon the hoof. 
 
 1777. — Early this year the General Court passed "an Act to 
 prevent monopoly and oppression," in which the selectmen and 
 committee of safetv of the several towns were directed to set a 
 price upon all the articles usually bought and sold, and also 
 upon labor. — "A list of several articles, with their jirices, as 
 delivered to the town clerk of Whately, Mar. 3, 1777, by the 
 selectmen and committee of safety, by order of the Court, to 
 wit : good merchantable wheat, G.s. per bu. ; rye, 4.s. ; indian 
 corn, 2s. 8c/. ; barley, 4.s\ ; beans, (xs. ; peas, i')s. ; potatoes, Is. 
 4:d. ; oats, 1.9. Sd. ; sheeps' w^ool, 2s. per lb. ; flax, lOd. ; salt 
 pork, 8d. ; fresh pork, 4d. ; beef, first quality, o^d. ; butter, 
 Sd. ; cheese, (k/. ; men's yarn stockings at (Is. ; men's common 
 shoes, 8s. ; women's shoes, (is. (kL ; cider barrels, sap staves, 
 3s. Gd. ; common dinners, i>c/. ; horse-keeping per night, lO^fZ. ; 
 New England flij), dd. per mug ; shoeing horse all round, in the 
 best manner, C<s. ; raw hides, od. per lb. ; raw calf skins, (kI. ; 
 tanned leather. Is. Sd. ; making shoes, common sorts, 3s. per 
 pair; tow cloth yd. wide, 2s. Sd. per yd. ; strij)ed flannel yd. 
 wide, 3s. Gd. ; cotton and linen cloth, 3s. Gd. ; weaving tow 
 cloth, od. Sf. per yd. ; a yoke of oxen per day. Is. 4r/, ; 
 riding horse per mile, Id. ; cart or other carriage per mile, Id. ; 
 2 qts. of oats, 2c/. 2/'. ; pasturing a horse per week. Is. !()(/. ; 
 do. a yoke of oxen, 2.s'. 2f^. ; common summer labor, 'Is. Sd. per 
 day ; winter labor, 2s. per day ; men's board per week, 5s. 4d. ; 
 Engli-h hay pci- bund. 2s. 2d. ; and all other things not men- 
 tioncsd, accortling to the connnon usage and custom of the 
 town." 
 
 Api'il 23, an order was issued for raising two battalions of 
 seven hundred and fifty men each, from IIampshii"e County, for 
 two months' service at Ticonderoga. A company of fifty-seven 
 men, under Capt. Salmon White, Col. David Wells's regiment, 
 
 T 
 
U6 
 
 was out from May 10, to July 10, The Whately men in this 
 company appear to liave been 
 
 Elisha Smith. Moses Crafts. Simeon Wells. 
 
 Abijah Brown. fliilo Bacon. Reuben Crafts. 
 
 Samuel Coleman. Rieliard Carey. Jehu Dickinson. 
 
 Zenas Field. John Lamson, Jacob Allen Faxon. 
 
 Joel Morton. Samuel G. Morton. Benj. Parker. 
 
 Elijah Scott. Joseph Scott. Abel Scott. 
 Perez Wells. 
 
 David Stoekhridge was corp'l in Capt, John Thompson's com- 
 pany with tlie Northern Army, from May 7, to July 8. 
 
 In Capt. Seth Murray's company, expedition to Fort Edward 
 and Moses Creek, July 9, to Aug. 12, were, 
 
 Thomas Sanderson, Lieut. Noah Field, Sergeant. 
 
 Noah Bardwell, Lieut. Phineas Smith, Corporal. 
 
 John Wait, Sergeant. Levi Morton, private. 
 
 Elisha Wells. Seth Frary. Jacob Walker. 
 
 Elihu Wait. David Morton. Elijah Smith. 
 
 Simeon Morton. Josiah Brown. Selah Craves. 
 
 Reuben Craves. • Graves Crafts. Roswell Smith. 
 
 Paul Belding. Selah Scott. Eben'r Scott. 
 
 John Graves. Daniel Morton. Paul Belding, Jr. 
 
 Abraham Turner. Jona. Edson. David Ligraham. 
 
 Joel Wait. Lemuel Wells. 
 
 At this time Gen. Burgoyne, in command of the British forces, 
 was on liis victorious march from the Canadian frontier. Ticon- 
 deroga Avas invested July 1, and abandoned by Gen. St. 
 Clair on the 5th ; and Gen. Schuyler, then in command of the 
 northern army, was slowly retreating on Saratoga and the mouth 
 of the Mohawk. . Gen. Horatio Gates was appointed Aug. 4, to 
 succeed Gen. Schuyler; and immediately issued a call for re-in- 
 forccments. The march of Col. Baum on Bennington hastened 
 the alarm, and the whole country, though in the midst of early 
 harvest, turned out. The defeat of Baum by Gen. Stark, Aug. 
 IG, will account for the short campaign made by the companies, 
 next to be mentioned. 
 
 Muster Roll of Capt. Salmon White's company of militia, that 
 marched at the request of Gen. H. Gates, Aug. 17, and were 
 
147 
 
 discharged by orders, Aug. 19, 1777. All hut thirteen were 
 Whatelv men. 
 
 Salmon White, Cajitain. 
 
 Elilm Wliiti', Lieut. 
 
 Abraliam Billings, Scrg't. 
 
 Jonatliau Porter, " 
 Silas Graves. 
 Moses Warner. 
 Daniel White. 
 Elisha Wellg. 
 Edward Brown. 
 Ezra Turner. 
 Israel Graves. 
 Joseph Crafts. 
 Abner Dickinson. 
 Gad Smith. 
 Joseph Scott. 
 Natli'l Colefnan. 
 Asa Sanderson. 
 
 Lemuel Wells, Serg't. 
 John Crafts, " 
 
 Learious Graves, fifer. 
 Samuel Allen, private. 
 
 Elij.ah Nash. 
 Medad Field. 
 David Wait. 
 Joseph Kellogg. 
 Levi Handy. 
 Adna Smith. 
 Reuben Crafts. 
 Joel Morton. 
 Salmon White, Jr. 
 Gad Scott. 
 Benj. Smilh. 
 EbenV Bardwell. 
 I5cnj. I'arker. 
 
 John Partridge. 
 Jesse Robbins. 
 Elisha Frary. 
 John Brown. 
 Abijah Brown. 
 Nathan Graves. 
 Oliver Graves. 
 Samuel G. Morton. 
 Eleazer Frary. 
 Elijah Scott. 
 Joshua Beldin. 
 Pliilip Smith. 
 Russell Allis. 
 
 In Capt. Russell Kellogg's company, out from Aug. 17 to 19, 
 on the Bennington Alarm, were 
 
 Richard Care}' 
 
 John Wait. 
 
 Amasa Graves. 
 
 Ifi Capt. Abel Dinsmore's company, out Aug. 17 to 19, were 
 
 James Sanderson. 
 Simeon Graves. 
 
 Caleb Beals. 
 Matthew Graves. 
 
 Reuben Dickinson. 
 John Sanderson. 
 
 Some of the Whately men that went out at this time contin- 
 ued in service through the campaign, till after the surrender of 
 Burgoyne, Oct. 17. Paul Gibbs was in service in Capt. Dins- 
 more's company from Aug. 17, to Nov. 29. Moses Crafts, 
 Phineas Scott, and Simeon Wells, were with the northern army 
 in Capt. John Kirkland's company, Aug. 1(5, to Nov. 29. 
 
 JMuster Roll of Capt. Salmon White's company of Massachu- 
 setts Bay Militia, Col. Ezra Clay's regiment in an expedition to 
 Saratoga, Sept. 20, to Oct. 14, 1777. 
 
 Salmon White, Captain. 
 Thomas Sanderson, Lieut. 
 Noah Bardwell, " 
 
 Lenuiel Wells, Serg't. 
 John Crafts, " 
 
 Eleazer Frary, Serg't. 
 Martin Graves, " 
 Eben'r'Bardwell, corp'l. 
 Elijah Scott, '* 
 
 Elisha Wells, " 
 
148 
 
 Joseph Kellogg. Reuben Crafts. Oliver Graves. 
 
 Eben'r Dii-kinson. Russell Allis. Elisiia Smith. 
 
 Gad Smith. Gad Scott. Asa Sanderson. 
 
 Joshua Beldin. Abijah Brown. Nathan (iraves. 
 
 Adiia Smith. John Smith. Benj. Bacon. 
 
 Phin. Smith. Jona. Smith. Sam'l G. Morton. 
 
 Pliilo Bacon. Levi Handy. Ezra Turner. 
 
 Nathan (iraves, Jr. David Ingraham. Joel Wait. 
 
 The above all appear to be of" Whately. 
 
 In Capt. Seth Murray's company, expedition to Saratoga, 
 Sept. 20, to Oct. 14, were, David Morton, Zenas Field, Seth 
 Frary. In Capt. Thomas French's company, expedition to Sara- 
 toga, Sept. 23, to Oct. 18, were, James Sanderson, Elisha 
 Smith, Caleb Beals, John Sanderson, Lucius Allis, Julius Allis, 
 Simeon Graves, Timothy Shattuck, Abel Allis. Other Whately 
 men in the army at the surrender of Burgoyne, were, William 
 Brown, Abraham Parker, Ebenezer Bardwell, Jr., Stephen 
 Keyes, (then of" Charlemont.) 
 
 1778. January 8, the town voted to raise £90 for four men 
 to engage in the service of the United States. The names are 
 included in the list of three years' men already published. 
 
 An order of the General Court was issued April 20, for a levy 
 of nine months' men to complete the fifteen battalions required of 
 Massachusetts. Under this call, Whately is credited with the 
 following men: — Nathaniel Dickinson and Jonathan Edson, 
 service not designated ; Abel Scott, sergeant, and Samuel Car- 
 ley, corporal, in Capt. Abner Pomeroy's company, Col. Ezra 
 Wood's regiment. Nathaniel Sartle was lieutenant in Captain 
 Joseph Storrow's company, same regiment. This regiment had 
 headquarters at Peekskill, N. Y., October to February. One 
 return is dated " Soldier's Fortune," N. Y. Philo Bacon was in 
 Capt. Woodbridge's company of new levies, for service in Rhode 
 Island after June 8. Benjamin Parker, Isaac Sanderson, David 
 Ingraham, Seth Wright, served in a detachment from General 
 Danielson's brigade, under General Stark, from July 1, to Oct. 
 31, 1778. 
 
 1779. During this year no less than six levies of men were 
 ordered by the General Court. The term of enlistment in most 
 
149 
 
 cases was nine niontlis. The fine for refusing: to <^o wlien drafted 
 was from £45 to £ oO. The pay of a sohlier was £1(5 per 
 month, in addition to the regular continental pay, with allowance 
 of $ () for blanket and (kl. per mile travel. In the requisition 
 for two thousand men to co-o[)cratc with the French allies, a 
 bounty of £30, and 2s. mileage, were alIow(!d, — the bounty to 
 be paid by the town. This town voted, "To allow three men, 
 that will engage nine months in the continental army, 4().s-, j)er 
 month, — equal to wlieat at 4*'. per bushel, — with addition of the 
 bounty and mileage allowed by the Court." The men who 
 enlisted were Samuel G. Morton, Gardner Marcy, aged seven- 
 teen, Simeon Wells. At the same time Joseph Scott enlisted 
 in the Hatfield cpiota, and Abijah Harding and Allen Faxon in 
 that of Deertield. 
 
 In Capt. Joseph Cook's company, in service at New London, 
 from »July 20, to August 27, were, — 
 
 Abel Scott, Script. Asa Sanderson, Corp. Jona. Ed.son. 
 
 Pliilo Bacon. Sclali (Jravcs. Bczaloel Smith. 
 
 Isaiah Hrown. Perez Wells. Consider Wait. 
 
 P^lisha Frary. Seth Frary. 
 
 Dr. Perez (liapin was surgeon's mate in Col. Elisha Porter's 
 regiment, at New London, from July It), to August 27. Jona. 
 SpafFord was in the same service to August oL Aaron Pratt, 
 and Rufus Smith, were in the same service, in Capt. Abel Dins- 
 more's company, to August .">1. 
 
 Oct. 19. The town voted, " To raise two thousand four hun- 
 dred pounds for soldiers gone and going into the army." 
 
 The condition of public affairs at the close of this and the 
 opening of the next year was gloomy and disheartening. The 
 season's campaign was remarkable mainly for the feebleness of 
 the American efforts and the indecision of the British. The 
 latter did little in this vicinity but plunder, and lavage, and burn 
 the defenceless towns on the sea coast. ]\hode Island remained 
 in the hands of the enemy, and, since the failure of the French 
 Ifleet, no effort had been made to get possession. Draft followed 
 draft in rapid succession. The soldiers received their bounties 
 in State bills and town notes, and their pay in continental money, 
 which, at the end of their term of service, would hardly meet the 
 
150 
 
 expenses of their outfit. Jf the father enlisted, his family must 
 suffer, or de[)end on the town's charity ; if the son enlisted, 
 his washes would hardly suffice to pay the State taxes. 
 
 Perhaps the burden that weighed heaviest just now in our 
 community was the depreciation of the currency, and the uncer- 
 tainty and distress which it occasioned. The first emission of 
 bills of credit by Congress was made in June, 1775 ; the amount 
 first authorized was two millions of dollars. At the expiration 
 of eighteen months twenty millions had been issued. And near 
 the close of 1779, near two hundred millions were in circu- 
 lation. As their redemption depended on the ultimate result of 
 the war, these bills began to depreciate at an early period. By 
 the end of '77, the depreciation was two or three for one ; in '78, 
 it was six for one; in '79, twenty-eight for one; in '80, sixty 
 for one. An extract from Mr. AVells's account book, and some 
 votes copied from the records, will best give an idea of the con- 
 dition of things in this town. 
 
 1779. Whately Town Treasurer, To Rufus AYells, Dr. 
 To one year's salary, from March y" 1st, 1779, to March y" 1st, 1780, 
 in hard money, . . . . . . . £71 
 
 To providing my fire wood, ..... 6 
 
 -£77 
 
 This year the town voted me sixteen-fold in continental money, which 
 when I received it, was depreciated seventy-five for one. 
 
 Balanced, and settled by a note from y- town for the depreciation of 
 the paper currency. 
 
 To one year's salary, from March y" 1st, 1780 to March y*" 1st, 1781. 
 in hard money, . . . . . . . £ 7o 
 
 To providing my fire wood, ..... 6 
 
 —£79 
 
 For this year's salary and fire wood y*' town voted me the nominal sum 
 in State emission, which, when I received it, was depreciated six for one 
 in part, and three for one in part. 
 
 Balanced, and settled by a note from y" town for the dejjreciation of 
 the paper currency. 
 
 1780, Jan. 6. The town chose a committee to settle with 
 the men that went in the service to New London, and those that' 
 went to Claverack. 
 
 May 11, Voted, To give notes on interest to those soldiers 
 to whom the town is indebted. 
 
151 
 
 Voted, To rai.>=c a bounty of three hundred and thirty pounds 
 to be paid to eaeh soldier that i?liall enuape in the army ; also to 
 give each soldier three pounds per mouth in siher or gold, to be 
 paid at the expiration of his term of service of six mouths. 
 Benjamin Scott, Jr., offered to get seven hundred dollars to give 
 gratis to seven soldiers that should enlist. 
 
 July 3. Voted, To make the two continental men that will 
 enlist in the army equal to the seven before raised, which is, 
 eleven hundred dollars bounty, and three j)ouuds per mouth, in 
 silver money. The seven men who enlisted, as above, were; 
 Abel Scott, aged 29; Oliver Graves, 11); Graves Crafts. 20;* 
 Philo Bacon, 22; Saluiou >\'hite, Jr., 10; Aiuasa Edsou, 1(5; 
 Abijah Brown, 2S. The two were ^^'illiam (iiles, aged LS, 
 Stephen Orcutt. »July 3, Voted, To give iivc hundred and (ifty 
 dollai's in hand, and three pounds j)er month, iu gold or silver, 
 to soldiers that will enlist for thri'c mouths. Paul ILirvev, aged 
 18 ; Bezaleel Smith, 11) ; Elijah Smith, 1<S ; eulisted on these 
 terms, and served three mouths ut A Vest Point. 
 
 August. An order was passed by the General Court, author- 
 izing the selectmen of towns to [lurrha^e blaidscts antl clothing 
 for the soldiers then in the field ; and the town voted to procure 
 the needed supply. In resjionse to another order of the Court, 
 the town voted to raise three thousand six hundred pounds to 
 provide i)eef for the use of the army. Committee to purchase 
 the beef: Lieut. Eiisha Erary, Capt. Salmon White, Dr. Perez 
 Chapin. 
 
 Sept. 14. Voted " to raise one hundred and seventy-seven 
 pounds in silver money, to pay the soldiers that the town is 
 indel)ted to, for service done or doing in the ai-niv." To whom 
 this vote applies is not known ; but the following AVhately men, 
 in addition to those already named, were in the service during 
 this year : Keuben Crafts and Keuben Graves, in Capt. Ebeu'r 
 Sheldon's company, from July 23, to Oct. 10; John \\alls or 
 AA'allis, aged 17 ; Sauniel .Mclntire, 17 ; and Moses Crafts, (all 
 credited to \\'hately,) detached for three months' service, from 
 Col. Israel Chapin's regiment ; John Brown and Jona. Bacon, 
 
 * He was one of" the detail that stood sentry over Maj. Andre the niglit 
 before he was hung. 
 
152 
 
 in Capt. Adams l>ailoy's company, from Jan. 1, 1780, to Jan. 
 19, '81. Henry (jreen enlisted, but who he was, and whether 
 he was mustered in, does not appear. 
 
 1781. In response to the requisition of the General Court, 
 for four men to enlist in the continental army for three years, 
 the town paid two hundred and ninety-three pounds seven shil- 
 lings, in sihyer, bounty money, as follows : — 
 
 April, to Jonathan Bacon, sixty pounds. 
 
 May G, to Bernice Snow, eighty-one pounds seven shillings. 
 
 June 14, to Stephen Keyes, sixty pounds. 
 
 June 14, to Gerrish Keyes, sixty pounds. 
 
 In answer to another requisition, the town voted to raise £6 
 in silver money to purchase horses for the army. 
 
 Sergt. Abel Scott was in service this year from July G, to 
 Dec. 14. 
 
 Elisha Belding was a member of Capt. John Carpenter's com- 
 pany of guards, stationed at Springfield, and was detached for 
 field duty from May 1, to Sept. 30. 
 
 In a company of militia, under command of Lieut. -Col. Bar- 
 nabas Sears, in service from July 17, to Nov. 8, were Oliver 
 Shattuck, Captain ; Ablal Harding, Sergeant; Abel Bacon and 
 Abraham Parker, })rivates. 
 
 The surrender of Cornwallis, October 11), virtually closed the 
 war. 
 
 Some Revolutionary soldiers afterwards settled in Whately. 
 Among them was Josiah Gilbert, who enlisted from Murrayfield, 
 now Chester, at the age of 18, in Capt. Jos. McNiell's company, 
 for service in Rhode Island ; was also in Capt. William Scott's 
 company, of six months men, from July 22, 1780. 
 
 Dr. Francis Harwood, then of Windsor, Mass., went out first 
 in his father's company, probai)ly at the age of 14. lie enlisted 
 in Capt. Ilezekiah Green's C()mi)any for service at Saratoga, in 
 1781. [His father, Capt. Nathan Harwood, was born in Ux- 
 bridge, 1737 ; enlisted for service in the French war, 1756 ; was 
 Lieutenant in Capt. William Ward's company, 1777 ; Ca[)tain 
 in command of a comjiany that marched from Windsor to Man- 
 chester, Vt., and was out from July 19 to 31, 1777; was at 
 Saratoga at the surrender of Burgoyne.] 
 
Joseph Barnard is credited with service at " the castle," Bos- 
 ton harbor, from April 1, to June 30, 1783. 
 
 AVhcn the colonics threw oil' the yoke of British rule, they 
 A)und themselves without an acknowiedycd central government ; 
 and in the etner<:;ency, the leadin*^ spirits or<janized themselves 
 into a. "Committee of Safety," and called upon the towns 
 throuiihout the Province to elect corresponding local committees. 
 This measure was [)romptcd by necessity, and proved a wise 
 expedient. These committees were composed of the best and 
 most patriotic citizens. But the responsibility was new ; and 
 neither its advantages nor dangers were fully comprehended ; 
 and it is not strange that having been entrusted with power, 
 they found it easy to magnify their office, and hard to persuade 
 tliemselves that they could err on the side of patriotism and per- 
 sonal liberty. The same spirit of devotion to tlie country's wel- 
 fare, which prompted the order to the constables by our town's 
 committee, dated May 4, 1775, (already quoted,) also prompted 
 other similar measures equally significant, and vital in their char- 
 acter. And so after the failure of the expedition against Canada 
 in '7(5, the committees of safety of thirty-eight towns in Hamp- 
 shire County met in convention at Northampton, Feb. 5, 1777, 
 " for the purpose of taking into consideration the suffering con- 
 dition of the Northern Army." Among other things, the con- 
 vention advised the connnittee of supplies to forward at once 
 whatever was necessary for the comfort of the army, " not doubt- 
 ing that the General Court will aj)prove thereof." It commended 
 the action of the Legislature in setting up courts of tiie general 
 sessions of the Peace in the country ; recommended to all iini- 
 holders that they refuse to entertain persons traveling unnecessa- 
 rily on the Sabl)ath ; and set forth a plan for securing uniform- 
 ity of prices. In a petition to the General Court, the conduct 
 of "inimical persons" in the country is severely censured, — in 
 that they sympathize with the British, cast reflections on the 
 honoral)le Court, pay no regard to the committees of safety, use 
 their utmost endeavors to destroy the currency of our pa])er 
 money, and to prevent the raising of new levies of men. 
 
 The doings of this Convention are thus set forth in detail for 
 the [)urp()se of sjic>wiiig how wide a range of subjects it acted 
 u 
 
154 
 
 upon, and the authority it claimed for the general and local 
 committees of safety. The record is important also, as fore- 
 shadowing the part which conventions of these committees, and 
 other delegate conventions copied from them, were to play in 
 succeeding years. These committees of safety became a power 
 in the State, whose authority in local matters was sometimes 
 greater than that of the Legishiture, and their action was recog- 
 nized as binding by the courts. 
 
 The reference above made to " inimical persons " in the 
 county deserves notice in this connection. At the time the war 
 broke out, all military and civil officers held commissions 
 granted in the name of the King. This official relation, added 
 to the attachment which had always been cherished for the 
 mother country, was a strong bond, especially to men who 
 were by nature conservative. The men of good estate plainly 
 foresaw that, in any event, their pecuniary interests must suffer 
 from the war ; and human nature is always sensitive under such 
 a prospect. 
 
 Men differ in methods of reasoning and in judgment as much 
 as in character. One consults the Past for his guide ; another 
 looks at the signs of the Present; and another, of sanguine 
 temperament, watches the promise of the Future, and rushes to 
 meet it. Under the circumstances which existed in 1775, entire 
 unanimity of thought and action on the part of the American 
 people, would have been an anomaly in the world's history. 
 Actuated by the usual variety of motives it is not strange that 
 there were persons in almost every town who, from personal 
 interest, or through regard to the established government, or 
 fear of the failure of the attempt of the Colonies for indepen- 
 dence, stood aloof, or entered with faint hearts into the struggle. 
 It is not strange that there were some who were ready to sell 
 themselves to the highest bidder, or who waited for some decisive 
 battle before taking sides. And it is not strange that the ardent 
 patriots, who had accepted the issue and had staked their all, 
 should make small allowance for difference of motives and tem- 
 perament, and reckon all who did not keep pace with their bold 
 aofirressive movements as inimical to the countrv. 
 
 A few of our town's people were at one time suspected of 
 being loyalists at heart ; and the town required certain specific 
 
155 
 
 (Icolaratioiis, or test oaths, of tliem, which they all, it is believed, 
 freely took. 
 
 An iiicicK'iit which occurred ahout the middle of the war will 
 show the temper of the town. A man by the name of John 
 Trask, came to AVhately, and built a hut on the river bank near 
 the outlet of Hopewell brook. No one knew his business or 
 intentions ; and he generally kept himself aloof from society. 
 l>ut in an unguarded monuMit he boasted that he had helped to 
 hang some Yankees who were captured by the British. The 
 next day, when he returned from a stroll, he found a paper 
 nailed to his door on which was written, '* Death to the hang- 
 man ! " He took the hint, and left for parts unknown. 
 
 The expenses of the war, the depreciation of the paper issues 
 of money, the heavy taxation, and the extent of town and indi- 
 vidual debts, began, two or three years before the close of the 
 war, to awaken a s{)irit of popular discontent in Massachusetts. 
 Every body was liehindhand. Real estate was unsalable; pro- 
 visions and clothing were scarce and dear; the hard money had 
 gone for public uses, and the pa{)er bills had lost their credit. 
 The soldiers came home poor, and were urgent that the town 
 should redeem its pledges, on the strength of which they had 
 enlisted. Very likely the soldiers' creditors were not disposed 
 to grant them unusual indulgence, and wait for the tardy action 
 of the town. The State levied taxes; and the town levied 
 taxes ; and the real estate owners were called to bear the chief 
 burden of this direct taxation. The commercial interest was 
 the first to feel the pressure of the war ; and the landed interest 
 suffered less : but now it was reversed ; commerce began to 
 revive at once with the success of our arms ; but the heavy 
 taxes, and scarcity of help, and high wages, swallowed up all 
 the farmer's resources. He could not conceal his farm from the 
 assessor, or the tax-gatherer, or the sheriff. And this pressure 
 upon the agricultursd industry accounts for the distress, and dis- 
 orders, and o[)position to State taxes, which showed itself in the 
 central and western counties, and ripened into open resistance. 
 Every body pleaded poverty, and put off the payment of his 
 debts. Legal prosecutions became frequent and oppressive. 
 The courts were the means relied on to compel settlements, and 
 
156 
 
 not unnaturally incurred odium, and became the objects of pop- 
 ular vengeance. 
 
 A calm review ot" the situation will not find reason for surprise 
 that disturbances arose ; but the wonder is that the new State, 
 — crii)pk'(l in its resources, loaded down with debts, weakened 
 by confiieting interests, and with a financial system to adjust, if 
 not to devise, and a form of government to establish on the basis 
 of equal rights, — the wonder is that the new State survived the 
 perils of its birth. 
 
 The success of the earlier conventions of the committees of 
 safety, indicated the most direct way of carrying out schemes for 
 opposing, as well as supporting, the constituted authorities. 
 Conventions " to consult upon the subject of grievances " — a word 
 quick to catch the popular sympathy — began to be held in 
 Hampshire county as early as 1781. They were made up of 
 delegates chosen by the several towns ; and thus had a semi-offi- 
 cial character. For a time these delegates were ujen of the 
 highest respectability and influence ; and the meetings were 
 moderate in their counsels, while firm in the determination to 
 secure what they held to be their just rights. But prudence and 
 wisdom were not always in the ascendant. These delegate con- 
 ventions degenerated ; and irregular conventions were held, 
 which became the instruments of faction and mob rule, and cul- 
 minated in the Shays rebellion. 
 
 The history of one of these earlier uprisings must serve as a 
 sample of all ; and is selected because a Whately man played an 
 important part in it. In April, 1782, one Samuel Ely, a 
 deposed preacher, of Somers, Conn., got together a so-called 
 conventicm at Northampton, at the time when the Supreme 
 Judicial Court and the Court of Common Pleas were holding 
 sessions there. For an attempt to prevent the sitting of the 
 Court of Common Pleas, and for disturbing the peace generally, 
 Ely was arrested, and, pleading guilty to the indictment against 
 him, was condemned tQ a term of imprisonment at Springfield. 
 It seems that he was an artful demagogue, — though at the time 
 a favorite with a considerable portion of the people, — and, 
 watching their opportunity, a band of his friends attacked the 
 jail and released him. Three persons, believed to be ringleaders 
 in the rescue, were arrested and committed to jail in Northarap- 
 
157 
 
 ton. These were, Cupt. Abel Dinsmore, Lieut. Paul King, 
 and Lieut. Perez Bardwell. And it was proclaimed that they 
 would be held as hostages till the body of Ely. was delivered to 
 the sheriff. The three arrested were military men, who had seen 
 lar£>e service in the war, and the spirit of their old comrades in 
 arms was aroused, and aI)oiit thre(» liundi-cd of their fri(;nds 
 assembled at Hatfield, under Capt. Reuben Dickinson, as leader. 
 Sheriff Porter, of Hadley, called out twelve hundred of the 
 militia for tiie })rotcctiou of the jail. After maturing his plans, 
 C^ipt. Dickinson sent three messengers, June loth, to North- 
 ampton, with a proj)osition that the sheriff should send a com- 
 mittee to meet him at a place one mile from the jail, in two aiul 
 a half hours irom the delivery of the message. The sheriff 
 declined acceding to the demand ; and the next morning Cap- 
 tain Dickinson sent the following pretty exj)licit note : — " The 
 demands of our body are as follows : — that you bring the pris- 
 oners that are now in jail : viz., — Ua[)t. Dinsmore, Lieut. King, 
 and Lieut. Bardwell, forUiirith. That you deliver up Deacon 
 Wells's bonds, and any other that may be given in consequence 
 of the recent disturbance. The above men to be delivered on 
 the parade, now in our possession ; the return to be made in half 
 an hour." For reasons which are not known, but from motives 
 which were approved by the State authorities, this demand was 
 complied with ; and the three men were released on their parole 
 of honor, agreeing to deliver up the body of Sanuiel Ely to the 
 sheriff, or in default thereof, their own bodies, on the order of 
 the General Court. In after years. General Porter was greatly 
 blamed for his conduct in this matter. But the (ieneral Court, 
 at its session in November, emphatically endorsed it, and granted 
 a pardon to all concerned in the affair, except Ely. It is to be 
 borne in mind that this outbreak was wholly an irregular pro- 
 ceeding, in which the towns as such were not concerned. 
 
 In the autumn following, (Sept. 29, 1782,) a meeting of the 
 committees of seven of the northerly towns in the county was 
 held at Deerfield, " to take into consideration the deplorable sit- 
 uation that the people of the county and the Commonwealth are 
 in, and the more deplorable situation they are soon like to be in, 
 by reason of the great scarcity of a circulating medium." The 
 question was also raised of dividing the county, or fixing upon 
 
158 
 
 Northampton as the single county seat, — the courts being held 
 up to this time at Springfield and Northampton alternately. 
 The latter question seemed to make a convention of" the whole 
 county necessary ; and tliis n)eeting issued a call for delegates 
 from the several towns to meet at Hatfield, on the 20tii of Octo- 
 her, at the house of Seth jVIarsh. In response to this call, del- 
 egates from twenty-seven towns in the county met, and discussed 
 the matter of a county seat, and the subject of both National 
 and State debts ; also the matter of the commutation of officers' 
 pay, — the half-pay for life, first offered, having been by resolve 
 of Congress commuted to a sum equal to five years' full pay. 
 This body was moderate in the expression of opinions, and judi- 
 cious in its recommendations. It admitted the necessity of the 
 full payment of all public as well as private debts ; and urged 
 the good people of the county, by industry in their general 
 callings, to acquire the means for the prompt payment of all 
 taxes, etc., but at the same time intimated that in its opinion 
 such prompt payment was impossible, at the rate then demanded 
 by the Government. Whately sent three delegates to this con- 
 vention : viz., — Salmon White, Noah Wells, and Benj. Smith. 
 This may be taken as a sample of the numerous delegate con- 
 ventions held in the next two years. They were the combined 
 eflTorts of the people, struggling to maintain their dearly bought 
 liberties, under burdens of taxation, and the uncertain bearing 
 of well meant but crude legislation. The State debt, at this 
 time, amounted to near £1,300,000. There was due the Mas- 
 sachusetts troops alone not less than £250,000. The proportion 
 of the Federal debt, for which this State was responsible, was 
 over £ 1,500,000. The conflict of opinion between the landed 
 interest and the commercial interest, already alluded to, made 
 the adjustment of impost duties, and taxation, extremely difficult. 
 
 The "Tender Act," of July, 1782, passed in the interest of 
 private debtors, which made neat cattle and other articles a legal 
 tender, rather increased the evil it was intended to cure. By its 
 ex post facto operation, and its suspension of existing lawsuits, 
 it complicated all questions of debt and credit. 
 
 A convention was held at the house of widow Lucy Hubbard, 
 in Hatfield, March 19, 1783. This town voted to send as del- 
 egates, Nathaniel Coleman and Joseph Nash. 
 
159 
 
 A[)ril 7, 178;"?. "J'lie town votccl to send Noah ^\'ells dclcgiite 
 to a convontion to lie liolden at Iladley the third Wednesday of 
 the current month. 
 
 June 9, 17iS;5. The town ehose Capt. Henry Stiles and 
 Nathaniel Coleman delegates to a convention to he holden at 
 Springfield on the second ^^^ednesday of June instant. 
 
 Octoher IG, 1783. Chose Oliver Graves and John Smith 
 delegates to a convention to meet at the Inn of Col. Seth Murray, 
 in Hatfield, on Monday, the '2i)t\\ instant. 
 
 It might well be supjjosed that in times of such excitement and 
 conflicting interests, the citizens would attend in a body all town 
 meetings, and take part in the election of State officers. But it 
 appears to have been the reverse in \\'hately. Only a small 
 minority took part in the popular elections. The following 
 statistics are given, for the study of those who arc curious to 
 trace out political causes and effects. The number of legal voters 
 in town, at the time under consideration, could not have been 
 less than ninety. Perhaps twenty of these were in the army, 
 leaving seventy at home. At the first State election, Sept. 4, 
 1780, the wliole number of ballots cast for Governor was seven- 
 teen. The same number of ballots was cast in 'S2 and '83. In 
 1784, the total number was fourteen ; in '85, seven ; in ^HG, 
 eight ; in '87, nine ; in '88, twenty-four. 
 
 The town voted not to send a representative to the General 
 Court, till 1783, when John Smith was chosen at the re<>ular 
 meeting — but afterwards the vote was reconsidered. 
 
 Shays' REiiKLLiox. — It is not within the scope of this work 
 to narrate in detail the events of this rebellion. The town 
 records are nearly silent on the subject ; and the more public 
 records are taken u[) with the acts of those who were prominent 
 in the cause. It is known that several of our people sympathized 
 with the movement ; and a few took an active part in it. Na- 
 thaniel Coleman, John Taylor, Capt. Shattuck, and a Cajit. 
 Brown are often mentioned, as "Shays' men." Probably a part 
 of those who were "warned out of town " in 1791, were of this 
 class, and the town took this method to show its displeasure at 
 their course. 
 
1(30 
 
 One of our citizens, Jacob Walker, was killed in a skirmish. 
 After the insurgents had been driven out of Hampshire County, 
 Gen. Shepard, who was posted at Northfield, sent a small de- 
 tachment, Feb. 16, 1787, to Bernardston, for the purpose of 
 arresting Capt. Jason Parmenter, a leader of the rebels. Walker 
 was one of Shepard's soldiers, and was in this detachment. Par- 
 menter, in company with two adherents, was overtaken in the 
 easterly part of Bernardston. The sleighs of the respective par- 
 ties met, unexpectedly, when Parmenter hailed the other, and 
 receiving no answer, ordered his men to fire. Their priming 
 proved to be wet, and missed. At that instant, Parmenter and 
 Walker raised their guns, took deliberate aim, and fired simul- 
 taneously. Walker fell, mortally wounded, and died in the 
 course of the day. Parmenter escaped ; but was afterwards 
 captured, tried, and sentenced to be executed. Walker was 
 buried in Hatfield, and on his tombstone is this inscription : "To 
 the Memory of Mr. Jacob Walker, who, respected by the brave, 
 beloved by his country's friends, dear to his relatives, — while 
 manfully defending the laws and liberties of the Commonwealth, 
 nobly fell by the impious hand of treason, on the r7th of Feb'y, 
 1787, in the thirty-second year of his age.'' 
 
 In the accounts of the commissary department, the town of 
 Whately is credited with supplies furnished the State troops : — 
 June, 1787, sixty-six pounds beef; seventy-six pounds pork; 
 ninety-seven pounds bread ; one bushel peas. Gad Smith is 
 credited for supplies furnished the expedition to Worcester in 
 May, £2 176'. lid. ; for supplies furnished in June, £1 12s. 8c/. 
 Mr. Smith is also credited with thirty-one and five-eighths gallons 
 New England rimi ; thirty-two and one-half gallons ; and 
 thirty-six and one-fourth gallons, delivered at diflerent dates. 
 Josiah Allis is credited with forty-five pounds beef. 
 
 The War of 1812. — This war was unpopular with the 
 majority of the people in the western part of tlie State. Public 
 sentiment in this town was about equally divided, tiiough a ma- 
 jority was on the side of the opposition. 
 
 To secure concert of action, steps were taken, soon after the 
 declaration of war, by the towns of the three river counties hav- 
 ing Federal majorities, to hold a convention at Northampton. 
 
IGl 
 
 Delegates from fifty-seven towns met there July 14, 1812. 
 Pliineas Frary was sent from Whately. 
 
 The convention recommended (he appointment of county and 
 town committees of safety and correspondence ; the calling of a 
 State convention to be composed of four delegates from each 
 county ; and adoj)ted a memorial to the President of the Ignited 
 States, and a set of twenty-one resolutions, setting forth in 
 explicit terms the views of the members and their constituency. 
 The fact is recited that the basis of the federal Union, was the 
 common interest of all, and that that Union is endangered by 
 sectional and partial legislation. The government is charged 
 with deviating from the course pursued by Washington in his 
 intercourse with foreign nations ; with sacrificing vital interests ; 
 with aggravating the wrongs received from Great Britain, and 
 ])alliating those committed by France ; with declaring an unjust 
 and unnecessary war in opposition to the opinions and interests 
 of a vast majority of the conunercial states. It is denied that 
 Congress has power to call out the militia, except "to execute 
 the laws of the Union, su[)press insurrections and repel inva- 
 sions." 
 
 The Governor of Massachusetts, Caleb Strong, was in full 
 sympathy with the views expressed by this convention ; and 
 declined to order out the State troops on a requisition from the 
 war department. The grave questions involved in this conflict 
 between the State and the federal authorities, and their bea ring- 
 on the [)arty politics of the day, need not be recited here. As a 
 consequence of Governor Strong's position, the United States 
 troops were withdrawn from Massachusetts, and the entire coast 
 was left exposed to hostile invasion. In tliis emergency, early 
 in the fall of 1814, the Governor called out the chartered com- 
 panies, and made a requisition for troops to be drafted from the 
 State militia. 
 
 In answer to this call, the Whatcly Rifle Greens, under com- 
 mand of Capt. Amos Pratt, marched Sept. 15, 1814, for a three 
 months' campaign. They were stationed, most of the time, "on 
 the South Boston shore opposite Fort Independence," and were 
 attached to the battalion in command of Maj. ^yilliam A\'ard, of 
 Worthington. The company was discharged Oct. 28. 
 
 V 
 
162 
 
 Muster Roll of the Whately Rijie Greens. 
 
 Amos Pratt, Capt. ; Asa Parker, Lieut. ; Plyna Graves, 
 Ensign ; Jonathan C. Looniis, Sergt. ; Perez Graves, Sergt. ; 
 Martin Woods, Sergt. ; Simeon Heed, Drum'r ; Sylvester Mor- 
 ton, fifer ; Sam'l Bartlett, bugler, (absent in Penn.), Arnold 
 Morton, Rowland Graves, Edward Phelps, Justus Starks, Jona. 
 Wood, Joseph Bclden, Justus Graves, John Graves, John Mun- 
 son, Luther Warner, Michael Smith, Reuben Graves, Jr., Wil- 
 lard Starks, Robert Smith, Chester Smith, Horace Smith, Wil- 
 liam Loomis, Erastus Hubbard, Charles Graves, Otis Taylor, 
 Theophilus Bodman, Phineas Nash, Jona. A. Gillett, Roswell 
 Train, Henry Plannum, Spencer Hannum, Amasa Wade, Jr., 
 Quartus Ingram, Jona. S. Adams, Sylvester Morton, John 
 Dixon, John Stearns, Samuel Sanderson, Calvin Morton, Oliver 
 Graves. 
 
 As the muster rolls of the Massachusetts troops engaged in 
 this war are at Washington, and are inaccessible, it is impossible 
 to furnish a complete official list of soldiers, and their terms of 
 service. From the memory of one of the survivors, it appears 
 that four of the Whately militia were out for a time, viz : Elihu 
 Harvey, Thomas Crafts, Daniel McCoy, Isaac Marsh. Thomas 
 Crafts and Eurotas Dickinson were drafted at the same time, 
 but opiy one of them was required to serve. Neither wanted to 
 go : and after a friendly discussion it was agreed to decide the 
 matter by "drawing cuts." The lot fell to Mr. Crafts. 
 
 The Rebellion of 1861-18G5. — Of the interest taken by 
 Whately in this struggle, perhaps it is sufficient to say, that the 
 town promptly filled her quota, under each and every call for 
 troops. The number that enlisted under the call for nine 
 months' men was twenty-eight ; the number of enlisted men and 
 recruits, under the various calls for three years' men was seven- 
 ty-five ; reducing the nine months' service to its equivalent in 
 three years' service, the total number of three years' men credited 
 to Whately is eighty-two. 
 
 The men who enlisted during the first year of the war appear 
 to have received no bounties. Those that went out in 1862 on 
 the nine months' service received each $100 as bounty money, 
 
163 
 
 •and the town paid $100, or $125, to most of the vohintecrs after 
 this date. Tlic total sum paid by the town for enlisted men and 
 recruits, under all the calls, was $12,100. 
 
 As the whole business of enlistment and (.Iraftinir was under 
 the exclusive control of the United States Provost Marshal, the 
 State archives furnish no data by which the quota of the towns 
 under the several calls can be ascertained. And as during the 
 hast years of the war, recruits were obtained without regard to 
 residence, and by sharp competition, it often happens that men 
 are wrongly credited ; hence the difficulty in getting reliable 
 statistics. 
 
 The list of soldiers, here given, is made up from the minutes 
 kept by the selectmen of the town, and from the I'ccords collected 
 by the Adjutant General of the State. It is believed to be 
 substantially correct. 
 
 Nine Months'' Men from Wliatehj tvho served in the b2d Iteg. Infdntry, 
 M. V. M. Companies D, G, Hand I, icerc mustered in Oct. 11, 18G2, 
 and discharged Aug. 14, 1863, 
 
 Name. 
 
 Age. 
 
 Date of En 
 
 iistment. 
 
 Company. 
 
 Charles M. Elder, 
 
 24 
 
 Aug. 27 
 
 , 18G2 
 
 D 
 
 Charles A. Macoinber, 
 
 19 
 
 
 
 G 
 
 Chester G. Crafts, Corp., 
 
 31 
 
 Sept. 8 
 
 18G2 
 
 D 
 
 Luther Crafts, 
 
 30 
 
 
 
 D 
 
 Edwin M. Behlen, 1st Serg't, 
 
 31 
 
 
 
 D 
 
 Henry C. Belden, 
 
 24 
 
 
 
 D 
 
 James A. Crump, Post Stew'd, 
 
 43 
 
 
 
 I 
 
 Stephen R. Harvey, 
 
 37 
 
 
 
 D 
 
 Edward E. Smith, 
 
 24 
 
 
 
 D 
 
 William F. Rhoads, 
 
 37 
 
 
 
 D 
 
 Bela K. Crafts, 
 
 20 
 
 
 
 D 
 
 Asa A. Smith, Serg't, 
 
 29 
 
 Sept., 
 
 18G2 
 
 D 
 
 Sumner \Y . Crafts, 
 
 21 
 
 
 
 D 
 
 William D. Adams, 
 
 29 
 
 
 
 I 
 
 Josiah H. Potter, 
 
 22 
 
 
 
 I 
 
 Charles B. Newton, 
 
 18 
 
 
 
 D 
 
 Ira N. Guillow, 
 
 20 
 
 
 
 I 
 
 John N. Miner, 
 
 23 
 
 
 
 D 
 
 Albert S. Fox, 
 
 25 
 
 
 
 D 
 
 Elbridge G. Smith, 
 
 22 
 
 
 
 D 
 
 Samuel S. Smith, 
 
 39 
 
 
 
 D 
 
 Lorenzo Z. Payne,* 
 
 19 
 
 
 
 D 
 
 - Diod, Baton Rouge, La., Jan. 20, 1863. 
 
164 
 
 Name. Age. Date of Enlistment. Company, 
 
 William A. Pearson, 24- Sept. 17, 1862 I 
 
 Joseph L. Longly, 38 muster'd Oct. 11, 1862 D 
 
 Henry Lyman,* 27 " D 
 
 George M. Crafts, Corp., 27 " H 
 
 Francis G. Bardwell, 20 " I 
 
 John Brown, aged 42, enlisted Sept., 1862, in Co. H. Eighth Reg't Inf. 
 
 Tliree Years'' Men who served in Co. C. 27th Reg. Inf. M. V. 
 
 Irving B. Crafts, 18, enl. Sept. 24, '61, dis. Mar. 31, '63, sickness. 
 
 Wra. McCoy, 30, enl. Aug. 23, -61, dis. May 30, '63, sickness. 
 
 Arthur A. Wait, 20, enl. Mar. 15, '62, d. Portsmouth, N. C, Jan. 
 
 27, '63. 
 Bartholomew O'Connell, 19, enl. Sept. 18, '61, prom, to 1st Serg't June 
 
 12, '63, discharged to re-enlist, Dec. 23, '63. 
 Bartholomew O'Connell, 21, re-enl. Dec. 24, '63, killed, Kingston, X. C, 
 
 Mar. 8, '65. 
 Patrick Murphy, 30, enl. Sept. 24, '61, dis. Aug. 30, '63, disability. 
 Patrick Murphy, 32, re-enl. Dec. 1, ''Qi''i, died, Andersonville, Ga., Mar. 
 
 16, '65. 
 Andrew M. Wetherell, 22, enl. Sept. 24, '61, d. Andersonville, Ga. 
 
 Tliree Years'' Men who served in the 21st Beg. Inf. M. V. 
 
 Charles R. Crafts, 21, enl. Aug. 23, '61, in Company G, discharged Jan. 
 
 1, '64, expiration of service. 
 Charles R. Crafts, 24, re-enl. Jan. 2, '64, In Company G, discharged Aug. 
 
 12, '64, disability. 
 James L. Wait, 21, enl. Mar. 12, '62, in Co. I, deserted, 
 John Huxley, 24, enl. Mar. 3, '62, in Co, I, dis. Mar, 15, '64. 
 John Huxley, 26, re-enl. Mar. 15, '64, in Co. I, transf, to 36th Reg., 
 
 transf. to 56th Reg., dis. July 12, '65, exp. of service. 
 David Amell, 18, enl. Mar. 7, '62, in Co. F, d. Aug. 1^3, '62. 
 James Lyndon, 19, enl, Feb. 26, '64, in Co. I, transf. to 36th Reg., transf. 
 
 to 66th Reg., dis. July 12, '65, exp. of service. 
 
 Three Years'' Men tcho served in the 37 th Beg. Inf. M. V. 
 
 Chauncey Wait, 33, enl. July 21, '62, Co. F, died of wound.s, Wilderness, 
 
 Va., June 27, '64. 
 Charles S. Bardwell, Serg't, 26, enl. July 22, ''iJ2, Co. F, prom. 2d Lieut. 
 
 June 20, '63 ; 1st Lieut. May 15, '64 ; acting Capt. Sept. '64, died 
 
 at Winchester, W, Va., Oct. 6, '64, of wounds received in battle 
 
 Sept, 19. 
 
 * Died, Uuton liougo, La., May 'Z, 1803. 
 
165 
 
 Stephen G. Stearns, 21, cnl. July 22, '62, Co. F, dis. June 21, 'Go, cxp. 
 
 of service. 
 Nehemiah J. Tilden, 42, enl. July 22, '62, Co K, died at White Oak 
 
 Swamp, Va., Dec. 28, '62. 
 Henry Amell, 23, enl. July 22, '02, Co. F, dis. June 21, 'G.3, expiration 
 
 of service. 
 Luther G. Stearns, 28, enl. July 22, '02, Co. F, dis. June 21, 'Oo, exp. 
 
 of service. 
 Samuel E. Sanderson, 1<S, enl. July 22, '02, Co. F, dis. June 21, '05, exp. 
 
 of service. 
 Ernest A. Allis, 19, enl. July 22, '02, Co. F, dis. I\lar. 10, '63, sickness. 
 John F. Pease, 21, enl. July 21, '02, Co. F, dis. June 21, '05, expiration 
 
 of service. 
 Edgar W. Field, 18, enl. July 21, '02, Co. F, died Andersonville, Aug. 
 
 15, '64. 
 Edward C. Sanderson, 24, enl. July 21, '02, Co. F, dis. June 9, '05. 
 Orange Bardwell, 19, enl. July 23, '02, Co. F, killed, battle of the Wil- 
 derness, Va.*, May 0, '64. 
 Austin A. Wait, 19, enl. July 23, '62, Co. F, dis. June 21, '05, expiration 
 
 of service. 
 Frederick A. Farley, Serg't, 30, enl. Aug. 1, '02, Co. F, prom. 2d Lieut. 
 
 May 21, '65, dis. July 1, '05. 
 Robert Brown, 18, enl. JSTov. 10, '03, Co. F, transf. to 20th Keg. Inf., 
 
 June 21, '65, dis. July 28, '65. 
 Charles H. Walker, 18, mustered Nov. 23, '63, Co. II, dis. May 2, '05, 
 
 disability. 
 Henry M- Wood, 20, mustered Oct. 9, '04, unassigned, dis. Aug. 28, '65, 
 
 exp. of service. 
 
 Three Years'' Men lolio served in the lOfh Beg. Inf. M. V. 
 
 AVilliam A. P. Foster, 24, enl. Aug. 17, '01, Co. C. transf. to 37th Reg., 
 
 dis. Aug. 31, 'G4f exp. of service. 
 Dwight Morton, 33, enl. July 13, '63, Co. C. 
 Frank D. Bardwell, 20, enl. Aug. 28, '62, Co. H., dis. July 1, '64, exp. 
 
 of service. Had arm shattered in first day's fight in the Wilderness, 
 
 Virginia. 
 
 TJtree Tears'' Men who served in the nth Reg. Inf. M. V. 
 
 Henry R. Sanderson, 21, enl. April 11, '62, Co. G, dis. Sept. 5, '02, 
 
 disability. 
 Wm. T. Parks, Serg't, 26, mustered Nov. 17, '64, Co. D, dis. July 22, '05. 
 
 Tliree Tears'' Men who served as indicated. 
 
 Sylvester 11. Walker, 40, enl. Nov. 20, '61, Co. C, 31st Reg. Inf., dis. 
 Aug. 31, '03, disability. 
 
166 
 
 Henry R. Sanderson, Corp. re-enl. Feb. 18, '64, Co. C, 57tb Reg. Inf. 
 
 (lis. Dec. 3, '64, disability. 
 Henry D. Smith, 21, enl. Aug. 8, '62, Co. G, 1st Mass. Cavalry, dis. Oct. 
 
 31, '64, exp. of service. 
 William A. Pearson, enl. Nov. 12, '63, Co. C, 1st Mass. Heavy Art., 
 
 transf. to Navy, April 28, '64. 
 Foster Meekins, Serg't, 31, enl. Jan. 22, '62, Co. F, 34th Reg. Inf., dis. 
 
 June 16, '65, exp. of service. 
 Dwight L. Dickinson, 19, enl. July 31, '62, Co. G, 34th Reg. Inf., dis. 
 
 June 16, '65, exp. of service. 
 Alonzo J. Hale, 26, enl. Jan. 4, '64, 5th Battery Light Art., dis. June 12, 
 
 '65, exp. of service. 
 Samuel S. Smith, 40, re-enl. June 25, '64, Co. E, 57th Reg. Inf. dis. July 
 
 30, '65, exp. of service. 
 John Brown, 43, re-enl. Jan. 25, '64, Co. E, 57th Reg. Inf., died, Ander- 
 
 sonville, Ga., Oct. 12, '64. 
 Franklin E. Weston, 21, enl. Nov. 22, '61, Co. B^ 31st Reg. Inf., dis. 
 
 Nov. 22, '64, exp. of service. * 
 
 William R. Wait, 24, enl. Jan. 6, '64, Co. B, 32d Reg. Inf., killed, Peters- 
 burg, Va., June 18, '64. 
 
 Tliree Years' Men, Becruits credited to Whatehj, whose place of Birth and 
 Besidence are unknown. 
 
 James Barrett, 38, enl. July 21, '64, 28th Reg. Inf. M. V. 
 
 Alfred Micollete, 21, " " 
 
 William Whiting, 21, enl. Oct. 8, '64, Co. B, 55th Reg. Inf. M. V., dis. 
 
 Aug. 29, '65, exp. of service. 
 John Doherty, 42, enl. Jan. 12, '64, Co. E, 56th Reg. Inf., M. Y., died 
 
 at Boston, Feb. 10, '64. 
 James Anderson, 21, enl. Feb. 25, '64, Co. K, 56th Reg. Inf., M. V., dis. 
 
 Sept. 4, '65, disability. 
 Charles W. Ellis, 19, enl. Feb. 25, '64, Co. K, 56th Reg. Inf. M. V. dis. 
 
 June 16, '65. 
 Jacob Nelson, 24, enl. Feb. 25, '64, Co. K, 5Gth Reg. Inf. M. V., dis. 
 
 June 15, '65. » 
 
 William Tassell, 24, enl. Feb. 25, '64, Co. K, 56th Reg. Inf. M. V., 
 
 deserted April 20, '64. 
 Joseph Perro, 23, enl. Feb. 10, '64, Co. I, 57th Reg. Inf. M. V., dis. 
 
 July 30, '65, exp. of service. 
 John Ryan, 28, enl. Nov. 30, '64, Co. D. 24th Reg. Inf. M. V., dis. Jan. 
 
 20, '66, exp. of service. 
 David Sheilds, 18, enl. June 3, '64, Co. I. 19th Reg. Inf. M. V., dis. June 
 
 30, '65, exp. of service. 
 James Prince, 19, enl. June 30, '64, Co. G, 20th Reg. Inf. ]\I. V., dis. 
 
 June 12, '65. 
 
167 
 
 Thomas Doody, 20, enl. June ;50, 'G4, Co. T, 20th Ktg. Inf. U. V., died 
 
 of wounds, Oct. 1, '64. 
 Lewis Bushey, 20, enl. July 13, '61, Co. K. 20th Keg. Inf. M. V., dis. 
 
 July 28, '6.'), exp. of service. 
 Charles Williams, 25, enl. Oct. :U, '61, loth r.attery Lt. Art , deserted 
 
 Jan. 1, '65. 
 Charles Toomcy, :)1, enl. Aug. 26, '64, Co. B, 2d Reg. Heavy Art., dis. 
 
 June 26, '65, exp. of service. 
 George Shannon, 19, enl. Dec. 30, '63, Co. D, 2d Keg. Cavalry, deserted 
 
 Feb. 23, '65. 
 Julius Schneider, 23, enl. Jan. 2, '64, 2d Reg. Cavalry. 
 Anton Braun, o'o, enl. Feb. I'J, '64, 3d Reg. Cavalry, deserted INIay, 
 
 '64. 
 Richard F. Stanton, 25, enl. Jan. 21), '64, Co. B. 5th Reg. Cavalry, dis. 
 
 Oct. 31, '65, exp. of service. 
 John Stewart, 26, enl. Jan. 29, '61, Co. B, 5th Reg. Cavalry, deserted 
 
 May 20, '64. 
 Frank Strothers, 24, enl. Feb. 24, '64, Co. F. 5th Reg. Cavalry, dis. Oct. 
 
 31, '65, exp. of service. 
 Robert Robinson, 25, enl. Oct. 20, '64, 5th Reg. Cavalry. 
 John Choisweli, 41, enl. Oct. 25, '64, Veteran Reserve Corps. 
 James B. Kennedy 20, enl. Oct. 31, '64, " " " 
 
 Charles Robinson, 20, enl. Oct. 21, '64, " 
 Thomas McDonald, 22, enl. June 14, '64, 22d Keg. Inf. M. V. 
 
 Names of Whately Men who were in service as indicated. Most of them 
 enlisted from other Stales, bill they deserve a place in oitr Annals. 
 
 Moses W. Jewett, enl. for three years, Aug. 20, '61, in Co. B, 6th Conn. 
 Vol., transf., Feb. 22, '63, to Co. D, 1st U. S. Art. ; re-enl. for three 
 years, Feb. 4, '64: dis. Feb. 4, '67, exp. of service. Was in twenty- 
 five engagements, beginning at Hilton Head, S. C, and ending, April 
 9, '65, with tiie surrender of Gen. Lee. 
 
 Henry A. Biown, serg't, 24, enl. for three years from Northampton, 
 June 21, '61, in Co. C, 10th Mass. Reg. Inf., prom. 2d I.,ieut. Sept. 
 29, '62. 
 
 Frederick R. Brown, 30, enl. Ibr three years from Boston, Nov. 3, '63, in 
 Co. G, 12th Mass. Reg Inf.; died, Culp('p])er, Va., Jan. 17, '64. 
 
 Francis C. I>rown, enl. from Rockford, Winnebago Co. 111., in Co. G, 
 74th 111. Reg. Inf. 
 
 James E. Brown, enl. in Co. C, 93d Reg. Ohio Inf. ; served three years. 
 Was taken prisoner: escaped ; was re-taken, and held eighteen months 
 at Andersonville, Ga., and Florence. 
 
 Henry A. Dickinson, 21, enl. for nine montiis from Hatfield, Oct. 
 11, '62, in Co. K, 52d Reg. Mass. Inf., d. Baton Rouge, La., Mar. 
 22, '63. 
 
168 
 
 Oscar F. Doane, 23, enl. for two years, May 21, '61, from Gaines, N. Y., 
 Co. H, 27th Reg. N. Y. Vols.; dis. May 31, '62; re-enl. for three 
 years, Dec. 14, '63, Co. C, 8th Reg. N. Y. Heavy Art., killed on 
 the picket line in front of Petersburg, Va., Nov. 22, '64, 
 
 Lucius Allis, 21, enl. for three years, Feb. 23, '65, from Marlborough, in 
 Co. C, 31st Reg. Mass Inf., died, Mobile, Ala., June 23, 65. 
 
 Dwight W. Bardwell, 21, enl. for three years from Deerfield, Oct. 8, '63, 
 Co. F, 2d Reg. Mass. H. Art., died, Dec. 7, '64, Newbern, N. C. 
 
 Wells Clark, 18, enl. for three years from Hatfield, Dec. 26, '61, in Co. G, 
 31st Reg. Inf. M. V. ; re-enl. Feb. 17, '64, died of wounds, May 23, 
 '64, New Orleans, La. 
 
 Alvah S. Frary, 18, enl. '62, "died, July 23, '63, at Vicksburg. 
 
CHAPTER XII. 
 
 LOCAL IXDUSTRIKS. 
 
 Till-: Wliately settlers found an ally in the small stream of 
 water known as West Brook, which has done its full share in 
 promoting the earlier as well as the later prosperity of the town. 
 It runs about three and one-half miles in our territory ; and fur- 
 nishes not less than sixteen good privileges, having an average 
 of seventeen feet fall. Few streams in the State, of equal 
 volume and length, will compare with this in power and feasibility 
 of use. Having its rise in numerous springs among the higher 
 hills, and fed by a succession of springs through nearly its wdiole 
 course, it is not readily affected by drought. And though from 
 the steepness of the slopes which form the water-shed on either 
 side, it is liable to sudden overffows from thawing snow, and 
 heavy showers, yet the regular descent quickly carries off" the 
 sur[)lus, and prevents accumulation. 
 
 Beginning up stream, the following is a list of the different 
 privileges, and the date when each was first occupied. Probably 
 the list is substantially complete ; though it is not attempted to 
 specify all the changes of ownershiji, and different kinds of busi- 
 ness carried on. The numbers prefixed are arl)itrary, and are 
 used for the sake of convenient reference. 
 
 No. 1. A saw-mill was built by Dexter Morton, near the 
 house of Rufus Wait, about the year 1830. 
 
 No. 2. About 1822, Reuben Jenney ])ut in a trip hammer, 
 and carried on iron works, in connection with his blacksmith 
 shop. 
 
 No. 3. Elihu Harvey and Sons have occnj)icd this j)rivilege 
 for a variety of purposes, as a husk-mill, wood-turning, the mak- 
 ing of cutlery, garden rakes, etc. 
 
 w ( 169 ) 
 
170 
 
 No. 4. Thomas Nash built a woolen mill, near the north-west 
 schoolhouse, about 1836. 
 
 No. 5. Perhaps this was first occupied by Jonathan Wait, as 
 early as 1811, for a cloth-dressinj^ mill. James Cutter had a 
 trip hammer here in 1818. Austin Allis had a wagoa shop in 
 1822. In 1823, Capt. Seth Bardwell bought it, and carried on 
 cloth-dressing till 1829, when he commenced the manufacture of 
 cloth by power-looms, starting with four looms. He sold to the 
 Messrs. Nash in 1833. It is now owned by Sumner Smitii, and 
 used as a jobbing shop. 
 
 No. 6. A saw-mill was erected here by Lieut. Edward Brown, 
 about 1765. In 1791 or '92, he sold to Lieut. Noah Bardwell, 
 Asa Sanderson, and Moses Munson, who appear to have been 
 joint owners. Mr. Munson made chaise-springs, cheese-presses, 
 wooden vises, etc., but the sawing of lumber was the main busi- 
 ness. It is now owned by Rufus Sanderson and Son. 
 
 No. 7. Moses Munson built a grist-mill here as early as 1784. 
 He sold to Dea. James Smitli before 1806, who continued the 
 grist-mill till 1830, when it was transformed into a gimlet fac- 
 tory. The value of gimlets manufactured in 1837 was returned 
 at $11,125. It is now used as a planing-mill and jobbing shop 
 by Justin R. Smith. 
 
 No. 8. Capt. Amos Pratt built a clothier's shop here before 
 1800, which was afterwards moved up to No. 5. The privilege 
 is not now used. 
 
 No. 9. Luther Warner established auger works here ; and the 
 privilege passed into the hands of Morton and White, and has 
 been used for s])inning woolen yarns, making hosiery, etc. It 
 is now owned by H. L. James. 
 
 No. 10. In 1833, Capt. Seth Bardwell, in connection with 
 Levi Bush, Jr. and David Wells, built a woolen mill on this 
 privilege. It had one set, i. e. ten looms. This mill was burnt 
 in 1839. In 1849 Capt. Bardwell re-built the mill, and fur- 
 nished it with two sets of machinery. It is now owned by H. 
 -L. James. 
 
 No. 11. An oil mill was erected on this site as early as 1780, 
 by Lieut. Noah Bardwell. Perhaps it was used for this purpose 
 till 1805, when a machine for dressing flax by water power was 
 put in. Some iron casting has been done here. A new build- 
 
171 
 
 ing on or near this spot, is now owned by Capt. Bardwcll, which 
 is used for the manufacture of fine cut tobacco. 
 
 No. 12. Hiram Smith first occupied tliis privilege, where he 
 set up a hithe, and afterwards had a husk mill. It is now a 
 grist mill, owned by Harvey Moor & Co. 
 
 Xo. 13. This is the best privilege on the Brook, having a fall 
 
 of about forty feet. Saw and grist mills were erected here by 
 
 Keuben or Samuel Belding, of Hatfield, as early as 1767 or '08. 
 
 In 1771 they were owned by Reuben Belding; and at his death 
 
 in '76, passed into the hands of Samuel. In 1792 or '93, the 
 
 site was bought by a company, at the head of which was C<»1. 
 
 Josiah Allis. The enterprise fixiled. In 17!) 4, the following 
 
 vote of the town is recorded : " That in their opinion, the spot 
 
 where Caleb Allis's mill now stands, will best accommodate the 
 
 town." It may refer to this site. As early as 1798, Isaac 
 
 Frary owned the mills. They have since been owned by Dea. 
 
 David Saunders, and Foster Y. Warner. Are now owned by 
 
 the Wells Brothers. 
 
 No. 14. The Wells Brothers' mnst mill. The amount of buai- 
 
 . . . • 
 
 ness done by this firm, at the two jirivileges, in meal, feed and 
 
 flour is very considerable. The return for 1865 was : bushels 
 
 of grain ground, 21,000; value, $30,500. 
 
 No. 15. This site has had a great number of owners, and 
 been devoted to a great variety of uses. Hannum and Taylor 
 had a shop here for cloth-dressing, and carding wool, in 1810. 
 E. Fairman carried on the same business from 1820 to 1826. 
 Cowan's factory, on this site, is named in the town records, 1830. 
 A comb factory, owned by tlosiah Allis and 11. B. Harwood, 
 was in operation here in 1832. It is now owned and occupied 
 by Justin Wait for wood turning, and a general jobbing-shop. 
 
 No. 16. This is known as the saw-mill privilege. Samuel 
 Belding had a saw-mill on the Hatfield side. On the Whately 
 side, there were iron-works at an early date ; and n)ay have 
 been a fulling mill before 1800. In 1813, Ste{)hen Orcutt had 
 a pottery just below, and drew water for grinding the clay from 
 the pond, through underground pipes. 
 
 The town records mention, but do not locate, Isaac Frary's 
 bark mill, 1808; William AVing's fulling mill, 1808; Orcutt's 
 carding mill, 1813. 
 
172 
 
 Hopewell Brook. — The only valuable privilege on this 
 brook, is near the livcr road, where Joshua Beldin put in a saw 
 mill. It was started in a rude way in 1797 or '98 ; but the 
 frame of the mill was not raised till Feb. 7, 1800. In 1850, 
 Charles D. Stockbridge started here a manufactory of paste 
 blacking, the value of which was returned in 1855 at $10,000. 
 It is now used by Elihu Belden for the preparation of colors, for 
 fresco-painting. 
 
 KoARiNG Brook. — As heretofore stated, saw and grist mills 
 were built on this stream by Adonijah Taylor, about 1763 or '04. 
 The farm, including the several privileges, was bought by 
 Thomas Sanderson, Esq., who moved here in 1803; and the 
 site has been held by the family since that date. A mill for 
 carding wool and dressing cloth was built by Mr. Sanderson, 
 just below where the present mills are ; and was in use by his 
 son Eli, as late as 1820. 
 
 Tanneries. — The tan-house built by Paul Beldlng before 
 1771, has beeH> already mentioned. A tannery with a shoe- 
 maker's shop connected, was established in Canterbury by Dea. 
 Thomas Sanderson, soon after the close of the Revolutionary 
 War. The business was continued by his son Thomas, and his 
 grandson John Chapman, till within a recent period. 
 
 Solomon Adkins, Jr., built a tan-house at the foot of Gutter 
 hill, north of the cemetery, probably in 1789. He had carried 
 on the shoe-making business after 1784. This tannery was sub- 
 sequently owned by Stalham Allis, and Dexter Frary. 
 
 Asa Sanderson carried on the tanning business for many years 
 at West street. He commenced about 1795. As the tanner 
 usually worked up a considerable share of his own leather into 
 boots and shoes, the net profits were large. Dea. Thomas San- 
 derson was rated on "faculty" in the State tax of 1789, five 
 shillings; Solomon Adkins, Jr., one shilling. This "income* 
 tax," as it would now be called, was laid on inn-holders, trades- 
 men, and mechanics, who were considered as doing a prosper- 
 ous business. 
 
 Blacksmiths. — John Lamson had a blacksmith shop near 
 where Samuel Lesure now lives, as early as 177(i, and contin- 
 
173 
 
 ued the business till 1701. Xear the same early cl:itc a shop 
 wiis built in the Straits, about twenty rods south of Stephen Ik'I- 
 (len's, but by whom occupied is not now known. Nathaniel 
 Dickinson, after serving his apprenticeshij) with Mr. Lamson, 
 did blacksmith's work, and boarded with Kev. ^Tr. AVclls, in 
 1782. Jehu Dickinson built a shop under the hill, south of 
 Lyman Dickinson's, in 1783. Later, he built a new shop near 
 the top of the hill. He carried on a large and pn-osperous busi- 
 ness for matiy years. His brother Al[)heus was for a time asso- 
 ciated with him. David Cook set up a smith's shop in 1793, 
 and renuiined in town a year or two. Oliver Morton, Jr., built 
 a couunodious shop, about 1708, just south of his dwelling house. 
 In more modern times this shop was occupied by Horace B. 
 Fox. Koswell Train, Isaac Chapman, and Ivcuben Jenney, Jr. 
 havediad shops in the west part of the town. Israel Scott, Jus- 
 tin Smith, and S. W. Fox carried on the business, at different 
 times, in the Straits. Benjamin Larral)ee and Chester Wells 
 had shops in Claverack i\Ir. A\'e]]s removed to Chestnut Plain 
 street, and in connection with Leander Clark carried on an ex- 
 tensive busiricss in blacksmith and carriage work. James Cutter 
 had a blacksmith shop in 18 IG. 
 
 Hatters — Amasa Smith, the butter, was in town 1-785 to '02. 
 In 1799, Benjamin and Joseph Mather had a 8ho[) which stood 
 at the south-east corner of Dr. Ilarwood's front lot. Benjamin 
 !Munson did hatter's work in a shop in the Straits, just north of 
 Hatfield line. In 1804, Joel and Benjamin Munson had a hat- 
 ter's shop, near the south-west .school-house. Jerry Allis served 
 an apprenticeship with them. 
 
 Brick-making. — In 1778, the town voted, " that John Locke 
 have liberty to make bricks in the road near Capt. Stiles's 
 house." Daniel Morton, Jr., and Lewis Stiles, continued the 
 business near this spot from 1782 till 1827. The clay was 
 crushed and mixed by treading with cattle or a horse in a circu- 
 lar pit. Bricks were also made at various places on the banks 
 of Mill River, by Thomas Crafts, Justus Crafts, Chester Wells, 
 Oliver Dickinson, Levi Bush, Jr. and Luke Wells. The 
 returns for 1855 show the manufacture to amount to 25,000 
 bricks, at a valuation of $2,500. 
 
174 
 
 Pottery and Stone Ware. — About 1777, Stephen Or- 
 ciitt began to manufacture common pottery ware just across 
 West Brook, in Hatfield. Afterwards, in connection with Lem- 
 uel Wait, he built a shop on the Whately side. 
 
 Thomas Crafts started a pottery in the Lane in 1802. The 
 shop stood a few rods east of the dwelling-house of Erastus 
 Crafts. After five or six years he moved the shop to Claverack, 
 on the east side of the road from his house. From 1821 to 1832 , 
 he made black tea pots, to the value of $4,000 annually. 
 
 Quartus Graves had a pottery in the Lane, where Lucius 
 Graves now lives, from 181G to 182G. 
 
 A pottery was built in the Straits by Heman Swift, on the 
 place now owned by Edmund Quinn. Obed Wait, Luke Wait, 
 and Mr. Orcutt built a shop on the lot now owned by Justin 
 Wait ; subsequently they manufactured stone ware, on a sjnall 
 scale, for five or six years. 
 
 Sanford S. Perry & Co., started the manufacture of black tea 
 pots about 1820, on the lot now owned by M. W. Jevvett. 
 Their sales amounted to an average of $2,500 per annum. 
 
 A small pottery was built just north of Lyman Dickinson's, by 
 Thomas and Justus Crafts. In 1831, the latter built the house, 
 now of Austin Crafts, and occupied one half of it for a pottery. 
 
 Brown earthen flower pots were made by Kalph E. Crafts for 
 some years, near Elbridge G. Crafts's barn. This shop was 
 burned in 1843, and he built a new one on the brow of INIill 
 swamp hill, on the lot where he now lives. 
 
 The manufacture of stone ware was commenced by Thomas 
 Crafts in 1833, and continued fifteen years. His business 
 amounted to $6,000 per year. The works were carried on for 
 several years by his son James M. Crafts. Constant employ- 
 ment was given to ten hands, and ware to the value of $10,000 
 per annum was made. The shops were all closed before 18()0. 
 James M. Crafts and others carried on quite an extensive busi- 
 ness in the manufacture of drain tile, from 1854 to 1863. 
 
 Carriages. — Till after 1730, the only method of land travel 
 in the valley, for either long or short distances, in summer or 
 winter, was on foot or horseback. In 1753, there were in all 
 Hampshire county only two private carriages, and these were 
 
two- wheeled chairs ; one owned by IMoscs Porter, of Iladley, the 
 other by Israel Williams, of Hatfield. Horse sleds, or "slcys," 
 — bein<j^ simply a box with scats upon runners, for winter travel, 
 — were in use before wheel carria^^cs. Perez Bardwell had a 
 punu in 1773 ; Sclah (jraves had one in 17(S2. Josiah Allis had 
 a painted [)iinf!:, of extra finish, in 177(). Dr. Benjamin Dick- 
 inson had a sleigh in 1700. Ivev. ^Ir. ^^'ell6 liad a framed and 
 painted sleigh in 1792 ; and Dr. Francis Harwood had a similar 
 one a little earlier. 
 
 Chaises. — Two-whcelcd carriages came in use before those 
 with four wheels. Rev. Mr. Wells owned the first chaise in town 
 as early as 1784. Dea. Thomas Sanderson had one soon after. 
 One-horse pleasure wagons were unknown in this region till 
 1808. A wheelwright's shop, for making and repairing carts and 
 lumber-wagons, was built in the Lane, just east of the J. C. 
 Loomis's house, as early as 1795. Cart-wheels were made 
 earlier than this by Jacob Rosefield. About 1809, Elijah San- 
 derson began the wagon-making business at West street. In 
 1812, Thomas Crafts commenced building one-horse wagons. 
 They were destitute of springs ; the body resting on the axle- 
 tree. The price then was thirty-five to forty dollars. Simeon 
 Reed, who worked with Mr. Crafts, afterwards set up the busi- 
 ness in the centre. Dea. James Su)ith did considerable wagon 
 work at his shop in West street. Eurotas Graves made wagons 
 at the Lucius Graves's place ; Luther Wells and Simeon Graves, 
 where Alonzo Crafts now lives. 
 
 Tobacco. — Tobacco was raised as a garden plant from the 
 first settlement of the Connecticut valley. It was smoked in 
 pij)es, long before it was used for chewing or snuffing. Cigars 
 did not come in use before 1783. 
 
 The Indians and whites smoked tobacco ; and the pipe of wel- 
 come, as well as the pipe of peace, were a customary formality 
 among both before King Piiilip's war. Mrs. Rowlandson speaks 
 of being invited by Philip to smoke, and says that " it is a usual 
 compliment now-a-days among saints and sinners." She adds, 
 " though I formerly used tobacco, yet I have left it since I was 
 first taken. I remember with shame, how formerly, when I had 
 
176 
 
 taken two or three pipes, I was presently ready for another ; 
 such a bewitching thing it is." 
 
 Tobacco was raised in Deerfield in 1696. Daniel Beldinghad 
 cut his crop, and hung it up to dry in his attic, before the Indians 
 attacked his house in September of that year ; and some of his 
 children hid among it, and thus escaped the notice of the sav- 
 ages.* 
 
 Both the cultivation and the use of tobacco increased rapidly 
 after the close of the Revolutionary AVar.f Most of the farmers 
 had small patches ; and it became an article of ready barter and 
 sale. It is mentioned in Mr. Wells's account book as early as 
 1780. In 1784, he appears to have raised an extra crop. He 
 sold four pounds to Parson Emerson, of Conway, at five pence 
 per pound. The price for good went up to six pence, where it 
 held for many years. 
 
 Joshua Beldin, Levi Morton and Perez Wells, were among 
 those who raised it most largely ; and as early as 1800, they 
 sent it out by peddlers for sale in the hill towns to the west and 
 north. The method of cutting and curing was the same as is 
 practiced at the present time, only it was taken down when 
 partially dried and put in })iles for sweating, with an occasional 
 overhauling, till it was slightly burned and turned black. " This 
 took out some of the bitter, and made it milder and more plea- 
 sant to the taste," so it was said. It was then put up in hands 
 or tw^ist. After some years, this method of curing and market- 
 ing the crop went out of date, and the pressed tobacco from the 
 South took its place. 
 
 The culture. of seed-leaf tobacco in this region, as a field crop, 
 is of recent origin. It was introduced into Whately in 1845, 
 in which year Horace Dickinson and Lewis Wells procured 
 some seed from Connecticut, and started a branch of business, 
 which is now the leading industry of the town. The first year 
 they planted about an acre apiece, and sold the crop at two cents 
 
 * Hon. George Sheldon. 
 
 t When the barn, wliicli was erected by Capt. Lucius Allis, was moved 
 down to the spot where Col. Josiah Allis built his house, it was raised upon 
 skids, and drawn by oxen over dry rails and poles laid uj)on the ground. 
 These rails took fire from the friction, and Master Scott forbid it to be put 
 out till he could fdl and liyht his pipe at the blaze. 
 
177 
 
 per pound for fillers, and six cents for wrappers. At the end of 
 ten years, the number of acres in cultivation was sixty-nine, and 
 the value per acre was $133, or $D,l(i5 in all. In 18G5, the 
 number of acres returned was three hundred and three ; the val- 
 uation of which was $105,344. The price per pound that year, 
 was about twenty cents through ; the average yield was near 
 seventeen hundred poinids per acre. 
 
 The following curious law of the Colony, passed September 
 3, 1634, is here inserted. "It is ordered, that no person shall 
 take tobacco publickly, under the penalty of 2it. (jcL, nor pri- 
 vately, in his own house, or in the house of another, before 
 strangers, and that two or more shall not take it together, any 
 where, under the aforesaid penalty for every offence." 
 
 Broom-corn and Brooms. — Up to the close of the last cen- 
 tury, the brooms in common use in this country, were what are 
 known as the Indian, or peeled brooms. These were made from 
 birch, or ash, by splintering the end of the stick up about eight 
 inches, and then peeling from the handle and bi'inging down 
 these longer splints over a solid space of half an inch, left for 
 the head of the broom. The balance of the stick was then 
 shaved down for the handle. ^Mien properly bound and sea- 
 soned, this was a comfortable sweeper. Parlor brooms were 
 made of bristles ; oven brooms were made of husks. The 
 manufacture of the peeled broom was carried on largely by 
 the Indians. They were also the winter evening's Avorlc of the 
 farmers. 
 
 Broom-corn was planted, as a curiosity, in this vicinity, as 
 early as 1785. But according to Mr. Judd, Levi Dickinson, 
 of Iladley, first introdnce<l its cultivation as a branch of industry. 
 His first planting was in 1797 ; his first l)rooms, made by himself 
 and Heber his colored man, were peddled in a horse cart in Wil- 
 liamsburg, Conway and Whately. The raising of broom-corn, 
 and the manufacture of brooms, were commenced in this town 
 about 1805, by Messrs. Francis, Reuben and Aaron Belden. 
 For ten or twelve years the business was limited ; the Indian 
 brooms being preferred by the majority, because they were 
 lighter and more durable than the corn brooms first made. 
 After the war the tide turned ; and about 1820, some energetic 
 
178 
 
 yonng men learned the trade of tying brooms, and a better 
 article was made, which soon became popular. From this date, 
 the industry rapidly increased, till the advent of tobacco. The 
 value of brooms and brushes manufactured in town in 1837, was 
 returned at $G,877 ; in 1855, $20,800; in 1805, $11,1G2. 
 
 At first, the handles were made of hemlock or other saplings, 
 and were rough and clumsy. To tic on the brush, the workman 
 fastened one end of the string to the side of the room, and the 
 other end to tlie handle, and stood off the length of the string; 
 then stepping slowly he would roll the handle over and over, 
 drawing the while as tightly as the string would bear. After- 
 wards the twine was wound on a roller and held under the feet, 
 while the workman sat on a bench, holding the handle and brush 
 on his lap. For many years the brooms were round, or slightly 
 sj)read, by fastening a thin strip of wood across the brush. 
 When the fashion changed, the broom was flattened, by pound- 
 ing it with an axe or mallet ; or a large lot were put under the 
 cider press. Later, two strips of joist were framed or bolted to 
 a post in the shed, and made to squeeze the broom by means of 
 a screw bolt or wedge. Then a sort of clamp was devised by 
 Francis Belden, to be fixed u[)on a bench or form, and made to 
 grip tightly by a wedge. This great improvement was made in 
 1827 ; and led to the invention of the jaw-horse, soon after 
 1830. 
 
 The Messrs. Belden continued to l)e large raisers and manu- 
 facturers for many years. The introduction of the turned 
 h:Hidle, and fine wire in place of twine, and this new invention 
 for flattening, secured a light, firm broom, which quickly super- 
 seded the old-fashioned round one. Most of the farmers tied 
 on their own crops, and disposed of the brooms by peddling 
 through the country. When the demand became greater, the 
 brooms were sent to New York, and sold by R. T. Morton, who 
 acted as agent for the producers. 
 
 Amon<T those who have made a specialty of manufacturing 
 brooms, and selling them on their own account, are Abel W. 
 Nash, who commenced in a small way as early as 1822, and 
 continued the business till 1868 ; Solomon Mosher, who began 
 about 1824, and continued the business in Whately till 1840 ; 
 Carlos Swift, who was in the business from 1826 till quite 
 
17i) 
 
 recently. Kli{)lias II. ^^'<)0(l coinineiiecd the manufacture of 
 l)r()onis and l)riu>;hes as early as 1830, and liradually eidariied it, 
 till his eritiuiated sales in some years amounted to $o(),00U. lie 
 has been locate<l since 1847 at the Depot village, and is now the 
 only broom manufacturer in town. J. M. Cooley started the 
 business for himself in 1885. At the end of ten years, his sales 
 amounted to near $18,000 per annum, lie left town in 1847. 
 Lucius Graves, and many others, have been engaged more or 
 less extensively in the l)usiness. 
 
 The yield of broom brush, per acre, averaged near six lum- 
 dred pounds ; and the price varied from five to seven cents per 
 pound. In favorable seasons, the seed was considered (>f sufli- 
 cient value to pay the cost of cultivation. It was mixed with 
 other grains and ground for provender. 
 
 Pocket-books and Wallets. — This branch of I)usincss was 
 started by li. B, and J. F. Harwood in the year 182G, and 
 was continued by them till 18.52. In some years their sales 
 amounted to $22,000. Stephen Bclden commenced the busi- 
 ness on his own account about 1845, and manufactured goods 
 to the value of $8,000 per annum in favorable years. Lemuel 
 Graves carried on the business for a few ycai's at the Depot vil- 
 lage, when it was arrested by his early death. Miles B. ^lorton 
 was engaged in the wallet manufacture about seven years, ^y. 
 F. Bard well has been long engaged in the business as foreman, 
 or manufacturing on contract for otlier parties. 
 
 Inn Keepers, or Ordinary Keepers. — Public iiuis for 
 rest and refreshment are as old as civilizetj society. Some of 
 the earliest laws passed by the Massachusetts Colony relate to 
 this subject, and are here copied. " 1(J34, Sept. 3. It is 
 ordered that no person that keeps an ordinary shall take above 
 Gd. a meal for a person, and not above Id. for an ale quart of 
 beer, out of meal time, under the penalty of lO.s'. for every 
 offence, either of diet or beer. Likewise that victualers, or 
 keepers (»f an ordinary, shall not suffer any tobacco to be taken 
 in their houses, under the penalty of 5.s'. for every offence, to be 
 paid by the victualer, and 12d. by the party that takes it." 
 " 1635, March 4. It is ordered that no person whatsoever shall 
 
180 
 
 keep a common victualing house, without license from the court, 
 under the penalty of 20s. a week." " 1G38, Sept. 6. The inn- 
 keepers, or ordinary keepers, shall have liherty to brew the beer 
 which they sell in their houses, or to agree with the brewer aa 
 they can." 
 
 The first settlers in the valley used great care in the selection 
 of their inn-keepers. Men of high character — perhaps the oldest 
 deacon, and only old men were chosen deacons then — were 
 licensed to sell wine to persons " in real need." In ^Nlarch, 
 1678, Samuel Partridge had liberty to sell liquors "to the neigh- 
 bors" "for their helpfulness," first in Hadley, and after 1G85, 
 in Hatfield. The county court always held its sessions at the 
 inns; and it not only required good men to be licensed, but it 
 required them to keep good liquors. In 1674, Nathaniel Ely, 
 ordinary keeper at Springfield, was fined 40s. "for not keeping 
 beer that was according to law," i. e., made with four bushels of 
 barley malt to the hogshead. 
 
 The laws forbidding the sale of strong waters of every kind 
 to the Indians, were strict, and were commonly enforced ; though 
 sometimes the tfemptation to exchange six quarts of rum for a 
 good beaver skin, or one quart for two fathoms of wampum, was 
 more than a trader could resist. An illicit traflSc was carried on 
 with the natives, greatly to their injury and the injury of the 
 whites. And though Indian testimony was not commonly 
 allowed in court, yet, in this matter, the General Court in 
 1666, ordered, that "if any Indian do accuse any person of 
 selling or delivering strong drink unto them, such Indian 
 accusation shall be accounted valid against any such persons 
 accused." 
 
 In 1670, a law was passed, enjoining the selectmen of towns 
 to take special care and notice of all and every person, or 
 persons, that spend their time and estate by drinking and 
 tippling in taverns and ale-houses, and require him, or them, to 
 forbear frequenting such houses or taverns ; and if, after such 
 warning, any person be legally convicted of drunkenness and 
 mis-spending precious time and estate, he shall forfeit 5s. for 
 every oflfencc, or sit in the stocks, as the judges shall see 
 meet. 
 
 Wine and beer were the liquors first imported froni England. 
 
181 
 
 Br;indy Avas distilled from the wine ; and a strong li(|uor, called 
 usquebaugh, was made from beer. Barbadoes rum, from thu 
 West Indies, came in use aa early as 1G50. Xew-England rum, 
 made from molasses, was in use about 1700. 
 
 Taverns in Wiiately. — The first " baiting place " in town 
 was " Poj)lar Spring," situated about forty rods north of the 
 Zebina Bartlett i)lace, — on the Indian trail. Teamsters in going 
 between Northani[)ton and Dcciiield, would take with them the 
 feed for their cattle and lunch for themselves, and slop here for 
 the noon-rest and refreshment. 
 
 Daniel Morton opened a house of entertainment for the emi- 
 grants on their way to settle the district of Conway, soon after 
 lie built, in 1759, and kept a tavern for many years. 
 
 John Lamson is named as an inn-keeper in 177i). His house 
 stood a little north of where Samuel Lesure now lives. John 
 Crafts succeeded ]Mr. Lamson, — probably in 1788. In 1789 
 he was taxed on " fiiculty," or income, 8f/. He kept accounts 
 with his regular customers by a chalk score : a long mark was 
 his charge for a mug of fii[), a short mark for half a nuig. 
 
 Samuel Grimes had an inn in connection with his store, as 
 early as 1798. 
 
 Elijah Allis opened a tavern at the house op[)osite Reuben 
 "Winchell's brick dwelling-house, in 1818 ; he afterwards kept 
 tavern on the corner west of the old meeting-house. 
 
 Gad Smith kept a house of entertainment, in connection with 
 his store, in the Straits. He was in business as early as 1779. 
 His faculty tax in 1789 was 4^. A few years later, Joel Wait, 
 known far and near as " Landlord Wait," opened a tavern in 
 the Straits, which was a noted stopping place for stages, when 
 these public conveyances were first started. His faculty tax in 
 1789 was Is. 8cL 
 
 David Stockbridge, Jr., bought the David Graves place in 
 the Straits, and opened a tavern, perhaps as early as 1803. He 
 continued in the business here till 1833, when he opened a pub- 
 lic house at his new stand, on the river road. 
 
 As early as 1796, Joshua Belden opened a tavern at his 
 dwelling-house, which was continued by his sous for several 
 years. 
 
182 
 
 In the west part of the town, Lieut. Noah Bardvvell kej)t a 
 tavern at his house on the Hog mountain road. The records 
 show that he was in the business from 1783 to 171)9. 
 
 Charles Dickinson occupied the Oliver Graves place, in Chris- 
 tian Lane, as a tavern from 1801 to 1803. 
 
 Distilleries. — The distillation of corn and cider has been 
 carried on at different times, on a small scale, in this town by 
 Messrs. Reuben and Aaron Belden, Zenas Field, Levi Morton, 
 Lieut. John Brown, and Peter Wing (at West brookj. Edward 
 Phelps built what is known in the records as the "old distillery," 
 about 1818, just east of the road from Gutter bridge. He had 
 carried on the business earlier, under temporary sheds, on the 
 west side of the road near the tannery. Dexter and Noah Crafts 
 had a small distillery at a later date. 
 
 Beluen's Ferry. — When the road was opened from a point 
 eight rods north of Joshua Belden's house to the river, in 1785, 
 Mr. Belden put in a boat, and established the only ferry across 
 the Connecticut, within the limits of Whately. For many years 
 the boat was put across by setting poles. In more modern times 
 a wire was in use. In 1820 the business was so considerable 
 that a ferryman was engaged for the season. Samuel Bartlett 
 had charge of the ferry for four years, near this date. It was 
 given up soon after 1830. 
 
 Boating on the River. — Some local business, in log boats 
 and canoes, was done before the opening of the canal at South 
 Hadley Falls in 1795. After this date, all the heavy freighting 
 from below was carried in flat-bottomed boats. The usual size 
 of these boats was forty feet long by sixteen feet wide. They 
 were rigged with two short masts and sails. After the canal was 
 deepened, the business steadily increased, till the opening of the 
 Connecticut River Railroad in 1846. 
 
 For many years the stopping place for the boats was at Bel- 
 den's landing, by the ferry, which made business lively both at 
 the wharf and the tavern. Several of the boats were accustomed 
 to lay up for the winter at this landing. The time of hauling 
 up in the fall, and launching in the spring, was a famous scene 
 of merry-making and carousal. 
 
183 
 
 David Stockbricloc had an interest in lioatinEf and raftlnrr, as 
 early as 1801. He built a wharf, just east of his new tavern* 
 stand in 1830, at the time when the Connecticut Ilivcr A'allev 
 Steamboat Coni[)any was formed. This company built a suiall 
 steamboat, with wheel abaft, for towing purposes, Avhich was run 
 from South lladley falls to Turner's fills. She was named the 
 "Ledyard," ctimmanded by Capt. Crawford ; and was blown up in 
 1840, anAher captain killed, just above South Iladley falls. A 
 second boat was built, and commanded by Capt. Dewey, which 
 continued to run till 181(3. 
 
 Umber and Sienxa. — The foHowing description of the local- 
 ity and character of this ocherous ore of iron, is taken mainly 
 from a statement of Prof C. U. Shepard. " These valuable pig- 
 ments form a thin stratum, or bed, near the residence of Dea. 
 KHhu F)elden, and cover about half an acre of ground. The 
 deposit presents itself immediately below the turf, forming a 
 somewhat irregular stratum, of from thirty inches to seven feet 
 in thickness. The chemical character of the deposit, taken in 
 connection with its geological position, leads me to believe that 
 it originated in the out-flow at this [dace, of a strong chalybeate 
 or iron spring. It contains from fifty to seventy per cent of 
 iron. The natural colors of the unburnt material vary from the 
 most intense ochre-yellow, through the paler shades of the same, 
 into many varieties of red and clove-brown, including the much 
 prized sienna-hroicii. Each of these colors may l)e obtained 
 apart at the locality, by a careful working of the bed ; while by 
 blending them in diflerent proportions, their number may be 
 greatly augmented. This bed was discovered by accident 
 upwards of fifty years ago ; and w-as then prepared in a rude wav, 
 and used to some extent for staining fioors and plastered walls. 
 It was re-discovered, also by accident in 18(14; and appears to 
 need only skillful manipulation to become a valuable pigment, 
 for fresco painting, and all the uses of the best Italian sienna." 
 
 Galena. — A vein of sulphuret of lead, which promises to be 
 of some commercial value, exists in the west part of the town. 
 Strictly sj)eaking, there ai)pear to be three distinct veins of this 
 metal ; but only two of them have been explored to any extent. 
 
184 
 
 One is found on the westerly margin of Poplar hill, and extends 
 into Conway. The other is on the easterly side of Hog Moun- 
 tain, and may be traced for three-fourths of a mile. A cross 
 vein has been discovered on land of Edwin Bardwell. The 
 usual width of the vein is from six to eight feet, traversing the 
 granite formation, and is found disseminated in masses in quartz. 
 In the southern part it contains oxide of manganese along with 
 the galena. _ ^ 
 
 Statistics of Industry, not heretofore given. 
 
 Woolen ^lille. Pounds "Wool consumed. Yards Cloth manufactured. Value. 
 
 1837. 3 52,500 57,000 $37,000 
 
 1855. 1 35,000 47,000 18,800 
 
 1805. 2 40,000 86,992 80,992 
 
 In 1805, 30,000 pairs men's wool hose were manufactured, of 
 the value of $14,000. In 1837, the value of the palm leaf hats 
 made was $7,500. 
 
CHAPTER XIII. 
 
 MISCELLANY AND STATISTICS. 
 
 Cemeteries. — At the time Whately was settled, it was the 
 common custom to cany forth the dead for burial " upon men's 
 shoulders." And hence the need in this town of three burial 
 places, to accommodate the three distinct early centres of popula- 
 tion. And this will explain the votes passed at the first town 
 meeting, "to provide a grave-cloth and two biers for the use of 
 the town." Probably a bier had been already provided for the 
 Chestnut Plain settlers. 
 
 The centre cemetery was located at the corner of the Chest- 
 nut Plain and Mount Esther roads, or as near the corner as the 
 ground would allow. It was doubtless selected for convenience, 
 rather than attractiveness, as the northerly slope and clayey soil 
 give it a cold aspect. The grounds at the Sti'aits and at AVest 
 street were selected for convenience, and arc " beautiful for situa- 
 tion." They are where the free winds and bright sunshine 
 come ; where the morning and evening light falls pleasantly, and 
 the associations of soil and scenery are cheerful. But the 
 thoughtful zeal and refined taste of the present pastor of the 
 Congreofational church have done much to make them all attrac- 
 tive, and his name should be transmitted on these records, as 
 one who deserves the praise of the living for his loving care for 
 the dead. 
 
 So far as can be ascertained, the oldest grave in the central 
 ground is that of i\Irs. Hester, wife of Daniel Morton, who died 
 Oct. 21, 1702; the oldest stone in this yard is that of Mrs. 
 Jemima, wife of Lucius Allis, who died June 0, 1764. The 
 oldest stone, and pcrliaps the oldest grave in the east cemetery, 
 is that of Mr. Joseph Sanderson, dated Mar. 20, 1772. The 
 Y ( 185 ) 
 
186 
 
 oldest stone in the West Whately ground is that of Clarissa, 
 daughter of Lieut. Noah and Lucy Bardwell, who died Dec. 15, 
 1776. 
 
 In the year 1824, the heirs of Thomas Sanderson, Esq., pre- 
 sented to the town the hearse which their father intended to have 
 given, had he not been removed by death before the same was 
 finished. 
 
 Mail Facilities. — A private weekly post between North- 
 ampton and Ashfield, via Whately Centre, w^as established in 
 1789. The names of the post-riders are, Andrew Wood, 1789- 
 91, and from '92 to '99; Stephen Taylor, 1791; Ethan A. 
 Clary, '99, 1800 ; Bliss Furbush, 1800-3 ; Joseph Eichardson, 
 1804-11 ; Josiah Shaw, Jr., 1811-14. In 1814, a post-office 
 was established by the government in this town, and the mail 
 was carried from Northampton, via Whately, Conway, Ash- 
 field, and Buckland to Hawley, once a week each way. 
 Robert Winchell was the first post-master, and kept the office 
 at his dwelling-house. When Elijali Allis opened a tavern 
 at the house opposite Mr. Winchell's, he was appointed post- 
 master. 
 
 'Remihi^.cy.^g^^.— Extract from a letter to the author. "I 
 am a grandson of Philip Smith, son of Elisha. Philip was born 
 July, 1730, and was but a small boy when his father settled in 
 the Straits, as I have often heard him say. I lived in his familv, 
 and have heard him relate many incidents of those early times. 
 The five families there lived in good agreement, helping each 
 other as is common in new settlements. They cleared them a 
 fishing place at the mouth of Sugar-loaf brook, where they took 
 shad and salmon so plenty that shad sometimes could not be 
 sold for a copper apiece, consequently they were regarded as 
 mean food. Sargeant Wait brought a few potatoes in his sad- 
 dle-bags from a Scotch settlement in the east part of the State, 
 which he planted and nursed with care, and obtained a good 
 crop. These were the first potatoes my grandfather ever saw. 
 Sargeant Wait's son Seth, when a boy, was somewhat timid, and 
 when he happened to stay to play till after dark, he would hire 
 Philip to go home with him for a potatoe. I have often heard 
 
187 
 
 my grand-father speak of the Indian ahirnis. Some time after 
 the eommencement of the French and Indian War, they all went 
 to Hatfield for fear of the enemy. 
 
 " Very truly yours, 
 
 " Phinehas Smith. 
 " Ogden, N. Y., Dec. 18, 1850." 
 
 The "Great Drain." — This starts in the North Swamp, 
 near the Deerfield line, in three branches, two on the west side,' 
 and one on the east side of the Swamp road. The two west 
 branches meet, and cross the road in one channel, which receives 
 the east branch, and running southerly, crosses Christian lane 
 west of Lucius Graves's house, and empties into Little river, 
 south-westerly of the house of Erastus Crafts. 
 
 It is a current tradition that this drain — designed, for both 
 sanitary, and agricultural reasons, to draw off surplus water — was 
 projected, and partially opened, by His ]\Lajesty's government, 
 before 1770. It was opened (or re-opened) in 1801-2, by 
 order of the county commissioners ; and a tax was levied on the 
 proprietors of the swamp lands to defray the cost. Capt. William 
 Tryon and Dea. Thomas Sanderson, were the proprietors' com- 
 mittee ; Justin Morton collected the taxes. 
 
 Chalybeate Springs. — Several of these springs arc found 
 in the east part of town. One, known by the local name of 
 Physic Spring, comes out just east of the road, near the house of 
 J. C. Sanderson. Another iiows into Hopewell brook, near 
 Dea. Elihu Belden's paint mill. 
 
 Localities. — Most of the hills, brooks and swamps in 
 Whately are identified with one and another point in our his- 
 tory, and have been already mentioned in such connection as to 
 indicate their location. In many instances, the name corresponds 
 to the nature of the locality, and is itself suggestive of its qrigin ; 
 in some cases the name is evidently arbitrary, though its reason 
 is obvious ; while in others, no clew exists by which to account 
 for a given designation. 
 
 Great Swamp, as the name was first applied, extends through 
 the town from north to south ; the part lying north of the cause- 
 way has in modern times been known as North Swamp. Mill 
 
188 
 
 Swamp was the name given to the wet hinds on both sides of 
 Mill river. The Island was the strip of plain land lying between 
 the two swamps. Beach Island is in the North Swamp. Pro- 
 bably the Claverack road, as originally laid out, crossed this 
 Island. Wet Swamp, now called Hopewell, at first embraced 
 the spongy land under the bluff, bordering the river meadows, 
 and extended no further north than tlie proprietors' highway, 
 which run west from the Joshua Beldin place. This tract was 
 so wet as to be considered worthless ; and probably the name 
 Hopewell was applied to it, when some sanguine owner proposed 
 to open ditches, in the Aope of reclaiming the swamp. Hope- 
 well hill borders the swamp near the Hatfield line. Trumbull's 
 Hill, just south of Stephen Belden's, was so named because a 
 man of the name of Trumbull was slain here by the Indians. 
 Poplar Spring near the road, about forty rods north of the 
 Zebina Bartlett place, was a favorite baiting place for travelers. 
 Probably Mehuman Hinsdale was captured by the Indians at this 
 spot, in 1709. Dead Meadow is situated upon the plain a half 
 mile south-west of where John Wait lived. Shingle Hill, where 
 Benj. Wait lived, is south-east of Paul W. Fields's. The Glen 
 is a romantic gorge on Roaring Brook, and has of late become a 
 favorite resort for pic-nics. Hopewell Brook is wholly in 
 Whately. Sugar Loaf Brook, called by the Indians Weekio- 
 annuck, rises in Deerficld and flows through the north-east 
 corner of the town. Mill River, named in the Indian deeds 
 Cappawong, and sometimes Mattaoolanick, rises in the easterly 
 part of Conway, flows through the south-west corner of Deer- 
 field, and receiving the waters of Bloody Brook from the east, 
 just within the Whately line, traverses the town from north to 
 south, receiving from the west, Roaring brook. Gutter brook. 
 School-house brook and West brook. 
 
 Canterbury, Egypt, Chestnut Plain, Round Hill, Round 
 Knoll, Stoney Hill, Chestnut Mountain, Mount Esther, Spruce 
 Hill, Gutter Hill, Staddle Hill, Poplar Hill, Hog JNIountain, 
 Dry Hill, Grass Hill, are well known localities, and most of 
 them have been called by their present names since the earliest 
 settlement of the territory. 
 
 Mount Esther was occupied as a station for obtaining the 
 trigonometrical survey of the State ; and the prospect from thig 
 
189 
 
 and Clicstnut Mountain, as well as from Grass and Poplar Hills, 
 is very extensive. The landscape as seen from these points, is 
 perhaps too indefinite in outlines to be specially attractive. l>ut 
 the scenery from Ivound llill, and Spruce Hill, and Indian Hill, 
 — the two former commanding the entire valley from Sugar 
 Loaf to Holyoke, and eastward to the Pelhara Plills, and the 
 latter commanding the Sugar loaf range and the valley of the 
 Deerficld Kiver — is scarcely surpassed in the interior counties. 
 The views lack the elements of grandeur and sublimity ; but in 
 quiet beauty, and lich variety, and breadth, and clearly cut out- 
 lines, each is replete with charms, and has a perfection of its 
 own. Whoever has watched the mists, and shadows, and 
 unfoldings of distance, and the rapidly shifting contrasts, as 
 they are successively unveiled at sunrise, of a June morning ; 
 or has carefully studied the variegated tints of meadow and 
 rock and forest, as they appear of an autumn afternoon, has a 
 picture engraved on his memory that is ineffaceable, " a thing 
 of beauty " which is " a joy forever." 
 
 Physicians in '\^''lIATELY. Perez Chapin, 1778 — 1788. 
 Benjamin Dickinson, 1787—1804. Oliver Norton, 1788— 
 1789. Francis Harwood, 1794, till his death. Richard Em- 
 mons, 1812 — 1815. Joshua D. Harwood, 1814, till his death. 
 Chester Bardwell, 1816, till his death. Myron Harwood, 1827, 
 till the present time. 
 
 Statistics of Population, etc. ^ from 1771 to IS7 0, comjnled f7'om the 
 
 Census Returns. 
 
 1771. Number of males over 16 years, 75; total population, estimated, 
 320. Number of dwelling-houses, 40; number of families, 48. 
 
 1776. Total white population, according to Colonial census, 410. 
 
 1786. Number of males over 16 years, 141 ; total population, estimated, 
 544 ; number of dwelling-houses, 68. 
 
 1790. Number of males under 16, 199; over 16, 184; number of 
 females, 352 ; total, 735 : number of dwelling-houses, 120 ; number of 
 families, 130. 
 
 1800. Total number of inhabitants, 773. 
 
 1810. Number of males, 433 ; number of females, 457 ; total, 890. 
 
 1820. Total number of inhabitants, 1,076. 
 
 1830. Number of males, 573; number of females, 538; total, 1,111. 
 
 1840. Total number of inhabitants, 1,072; number of polls ratable, 
 291 ; number of polls not ratable, 19 ; number of dwelling-houses, 168 ; 
 number of barns, 160. 
 
190 
 
 1850. Total numbei- of" inhabitants, 1,129. 
 
 18G0. Number of males, 544; number of females, 513; total, 1,057: 
 2 females over 90 ; 216 dwellings ; 227 families. 
 
 1865. Number of males, 538 ; number of females, 474; total, 1,012: 
 1 female over 100; 222 dwellings; 223 families. 
 
 1870. Total number of inhabitants, 1,068. 
 
 Deaths. 
 
 1771 to '81, 70; 1781 to '91, 64 ; 1791 to 1801,92; 1801 to '11, 107; 
 1811 to '21, 151; 1821 to '31, 165; 1831 to '41, 131; 1841 to '51, 166; 
 1851 to '61, 209; 1861 to '71, 198; 1871, 22; total for 101 years, 1,375. 
 Died under 5 years, 497 ; between 70 and 80 years, 141 ; between 80 and 
 90 years, 114 ; between 90 and 100 years, 23 ; over 100 years, 1. 
 
 Valuatio7i, according to Official Returns. 
 
 1830, $ 206,858. 1840, $ 220,927. 1850, $438,772. 1860, $624,902. 
 1865, $665,972. 1870, $802,511. 
 
 Selectmen, from the Incorporation of the Town. 
 
 John Wait, 1771. 
 
 Simeon Wait, 1771. 
 
 Edward Brown, 1771. 
 
 Philip Smith, 1771, 72. 
 
 Salmon White, 1771-75, 77, 78 84- 
 
 86, 90-92, 94; 14 years. 
 Noah Wells, 1772-75, 78, 82, 83, 
 
 88. 
 David Scott, 1772. 
 Elisha Frary, 1772, 80. 
 Thomas Sanderson, 1773-75, 77, 78, 
 
 83-87, 89, 90, 92-96, 98-1803, 12- 
 
 17 ; 29 years. 
 Oliver Graves, 1776, 77. 
 Joseph Belding, Jr., 1776, 77, 83. 
 John Smith, 1776, 77, 80, 87-89. 
 Perez Chapin, 1780. 
 Silas Smith, 1781. 
 
 Noah Bardwell, 1781, 90, 91, 93, 96. 
 David Graves, Jr., 1781, 82. 
 Col. Josiah Allis, 1783-89, 91-93. 
 Maj. Phineas Frary, 1794-99, 1803- 
 
 6, 9, 12-15 ; 15 years. 
 Asa Sanderson, 1795, 1803-5, 12, 13. 
 John White, 1795, 98-1800, 2-11; 
 
 14 years. 
 
 Capt. Seth Frary, 1800, 1, 2, 4, 5, 
 
 14, 15. 
 Levi Morton, 1801, 3. 
 Bezaleel Smith, 1804, 5, 11. 
 Gideon Dickinson, 1806-8, 10, 11. 
 Zenas Field, 1807, 8, 10, 11, 16. 
 Oliver Graves, Jr., 1809, 16, 18, 19- 
 Capt. Rufus Smith, 1811. 
 Consider Morton, 1812, 13. 
 Capt. Salmon Graves, 1812, 13. 
 Oliver Morton, 1814, 15, 16. 
 Orange Bardwell, 1814, 15. 
 Lemuel Wait, 1816, 18. 
 Isaac Frary, 1817, 19. 
 Silas Frary, 1817, 18, 20. 
 Seth Smith, 1819-21^24-27. 
 Thomas Crafts, 1820-22, 25, 28, 3 0, 
 
 32-36. 
 Capt. William Fay, 1821, 29. 
 Charles Morton, 1822. 
 Dea. James Smith, 1822. 
 David Stockbridge, 1823-26, 28,31, 
 
 40, 43. 
 Dea. Justus White, 1823, 24, 31. 
 Dexter Morton, 1823. 
 Dr. Chester Bardwell, 1826. 
 
191 
 
 Calvin Wells, 1827, 35-39, 45. 
 David Saunders, 1827. 
 Daniel Brown, 1828, 29, 30, 45. 
 Levi Bush, Jr., 1829. 
 Capt. Luke Wells, 1830. 
 Chester Brown, 1831-36, 40, 41. 
 Luke B. White, 1832, 33, 34. 
 Iliram Smith, 1837-39, 4C, 55, 61. 
 J. C. Sanderson, 1837, 44, 45, 49, 
 
 50. 
 Arnold Morton, 1838, 39, 43, 44, 
 
 47, 51. 
 Dexter Crafts, 1840. 
 Rufus Graves, 1841, 46, CI. 
 Stalham Allis, 1841. 
 Rodolphus Sanderson, 1842, 47, 
 Plyna Graves, 1842. 
 Capt. Seth Bardwell, 1842, 1851. 
 Lyman Dickinson, 1843, 44, 55. 
 Daniel F. Morton, 1846. 
 Thomas Wait, 1847, 49, 50, 52, 53. 
 Samuel B. White, 1848-50, 62, 53, 
 
 56, 57, 61-66, 68, 69 ; 15 years. 
 
 John Field, 1848. 
 
 Abel W. Nash, 1848. 
 
 Capt. Asa Parker, 1851. 
 
 Stephen Beldcn, 1852, 53, 59. 
 
 Elliot C. Allis, 1854. 
 
 Zebina W. Bartlett, 1854, 67. 
 
 Isaac Frary, Jr., 1854. 
 
 James M. Crafts, 1855. 
 
 Rufus Dickinson, 1856, 57, 59, 69. 
 
 J. W. C. Allis, 1856, 68, 69. 
 
 Alonzo Crafts, 1857, 60, 62-64, 67. 
 
 Alfred Belden, 1858. 
 
 Dennis Dickinson, 1858. 
 
 Edwin Bardwell, 1858-60, 62-67, 
 
 70, 71 ; 11 years. 
 L. W. Hannum, 1860, 61. 
 Elihu Belden, 1865. 
 Eliphas n. Wood, 1866. 
 Harvey Moor, 1868. 
 Samuel Lesure, 1870. 
 Samuel C. Wood, 1870. 
 Elbridge G. Crafts, 1871. 
 David Ashcraft, 1871. 
 
 Salmon White, 1771-79. 
 Dr. Perez Chapin, 1780, 81. 
 Thomas Sanderson, 1782-86, 89-98, 
 
 1800, 1 ; 17 years. 
 Col. Josiah Allis, 1787, 88. 
 Dr. Benj. Dickinson, 1799. 
 William Mather, 1802-9, 12, 13. 
 Elijah Allis, 1810, 1811. 
 Thomas Wells, 1814. 
 Luke Wells, 1815-25. 
 
 Tow7i Clerks, from 1771 to 1781. 
 
 Edward Phelps, 1826. 
 
 Chester Wells, 1827-30. 
 
 Martin Woods, 1831, 32. 
 
 Eurotas Morton, 18.33, 34. 
 
 Dr. iAIyron Ilarwood, 1835, 36, 38- 
 
 41. 
 Stalham Allis, 1837. 
 Samuel Lesure, 1842-56, 60-71 ; 27 
 
 years. 
 Dennis Dickinson, 1857, 58, 59. 
 
 Totvn Treasurers, from 1771 to 1871 
 
 Salmon White, 1771-79. 
 Dr. Perez Chapin, 1780, 81. 
 Thomas Sanderson 1782-86, 92- 
 
 1802. 
 Josiah Allis, 1787-90. 
 Elijah Smith, 1791. 
 Bezaleel Smith, 1803. 
 
 Solomon Adkins, Jr., 1804-8, 
 
 16. 
 Jehu Dickinson, 1809-11. 
 Samuel Grimes, 1812, 13. 
 William Mather, 1814. 
 Oliver Morton, 1817, J8, 21, 23 
 Lemuel Wait, 1819, 20. 
 
 15, 
 
192 
 
 Luther Wells, 1822. 
 
 Calvin Wells, 1824-28. 
 
 Caleb Crafts, 1829. 
 
 Leonard Loomis, 1830, 31, 33, 45, 
 
 69. 
 Levi Bush, Jr., 1834, 35. 
 Eurotas Morton, 1832, 36, 37. 
 Cha's D. Stockbridge, 1838, 40. 
 Samuel B. White, 1841-44, 48. 
 Elliott C. Allis, 1841, 58, 63, 64. 
 Franklin Graves, 1847, 52, 53. 
 
 Rufus Graves, 1849. 
 
 James M. Crafts, 1850, 61, 71. 
 
 John White, 1851. 
 
 Zebina Bartlett, 1855, 57, 69. 
 
 Henry K. White, 1856, 59, 60. 
 
 S. E. Allis, 1862. 
 
 Horace B. Fox, 1865. 
 
 Apollos Clary; 1866. 
 
 E. H. Wood, 1867. 
 
 Edward C. Sanderson, 1868. 
 
 Elbridge G. Crafts, 1870. 
 
 Assessoi's from the Incorporation of the Town. 
 
 Edward Brown, 1771. 
 Philip Smith, 1771, 72, 95. 
 Salmon White, 1771-82, 84-86, 90, 
 
 92, 94; 18 years. 
 Elisha Frary, 1772. 
 Thomas Sanderson, 1773, 74, 77-79, 
 
 82, 84-86, 89, 91-94, 99, 1800, 2, 
 3, 4, 6-9, 12-14; 20 years. 
 
 Israel Graves, 1793-96. 
 
 Noah Wells, 1773, 74, 78, 79, 82, 
 
 83, 88. 
 
 Benjamin Smith, 1775, 1776. 
 
 Oliver Graves, 177G. 
 
 John Smith, 1775-77, 87, 89. 
 
 Amos Marsh, 1780. 
 
 Noah Bardwell, 1781, 87, 90, 91, 
 
 94-96. 
 Joseph Belding, Jr., 1781, 83. 
 Josiah Allis, 1783-93. 
 Phineas Frary, 1794, 99-1802, 5. 
 Asa Marsh, Jr., 1796. 
 John White, 1797, 98, 1801, 5. 
 Dr. Francis Ilarwood, 1797. 
 William Mather, 1797-1807, 9. 
 Lemuel Wells, 1798. 
 Jona. Smith, Jr., 1803-6. 
 Seth Frary, 1805. 
 Asa Sanderson, 1805, 13. 
 Bezaleel Smith, 1805. 
 Elijah Allis, 1807-11. 
 Isaac Frary, 1808, 10, 11. 
 Charles Bardwell, 1810, 11. 
 Thomas Crafts, 1812, 1830. 
 
 Orange Bardwell, 1812, 13. 
 Thomas Wells, 1813, 15-20, 26. 
 Silas Frary, 1814-16, 19. 
 Ebenezer Barnard, 1814, 15. 
 Dexter Morton, 1816, 19, 21, 31. 
 Chester Wells, 1817, 18, 25, 27-29. 
 Seth Smith, 1817, 18, 22, 23, 28, 29, 
 
 32, 34. 
 David Stockbridge, 1820. 
 Daniel Brown, 1820, 25, 26, 30. 
 David Saunders, 1821-25. 
 Asa Dickinson, 1821. 
 Justus White, 1822. 
 Edward Phelps, 1823, 24. 
 Chester Brown, 1824. 
 Charles Morton, 1826. 
 Capt. William Fay, 1827, 31. 
 Elijah Sanderson, 1827. 
 Arnold Morton, 1828, 29, 36, 38. 
 Luke Wells, 1830. 
 Eurotas Dickinson, 1831, 32, 33. 
 Abel W. Nash, 1832, 47. 
 Asa Sanderson, Jr. 1833, 45. 
 Rodolphus .Sanderson, 1833, 35, 
 
 36, 39, 40, 45, 56. 
 Dexter Crafts, 1834, 35. 
 Col. Caleb Crafts, 1834. 
 Capt. Seth Bardwell, 1835, 62. 
 Thomas Wait, 1836, 46. 
 Calvin Wells, 1837, 38, 47. 
 John C. Sanderson, 1837, 43, 57, 62. 
 Hiram Smith, 1837-39, 42, 48, 50, 
 
 51, 57. 
 
19?, 
 
 Leonard Loomis, 1830, 40, 42, 59. 
 
 Dciniis Dickinson, liS40, 41, 43. 
 
 Reuben Jeinioy, 1841. 
 
 Jobn B. Morton, 1841, 45. 
 
 Alfred Belden, 1842, 54. 
 
 Samuel Dickinson, 1843, 44. 
 
 Justin R. Smith, 1844. 
 
 Josiah AlHs, 1844, 4G. 
 
 Samuel B. White, 1840, 01. 
 
 Elliott C. Allis, 1847, 52, 53, GO. 
 
 John L. jNIorton, 1848. 
 
 Jabez Pease, 1848. 
 
 Lewis Wells, 1849. 
 
 Cha's D. Stockbridge, 1849-51, GO, 
 
 05, 00. 
 Franklin Graves, 1849. 
 Rufus Graves, 1850, 51. 
 Isaac Frary, Jr., 1852, 53. 
 Zebina W. Bartlett, 1852, 53, 58. 
 Porter Wells, 1854. 
 E. S. Munson, 1854, 50. 
 
 Aaron S. Stearns, 1855. 
 
 William ('. Smith, 1855, 00. 
 
 Charles D. Crafts, 1855. 
 
 Henry K. White, 185G, 57. 
 
 L. W. Hannum, 1857. 
 
 Ilarv^'y ^loor, 1858. 
 
 George W. Crafts, 1858, 04. 
 
 Edwin W. Warner, 1859. 
 
 Dr. Chester Bardwell, 18G0, 03. 
 
 Paul W. Field, 18G1, 04-GO, 70, 71. 
 
 Samuel C. Wood, 1801. 
 
 Edwin W. Belden, 1802. 
 
 Eurotas Morton, 18G3, 07, 08, 09. 
 
 Alvin N. Claghorn, 1803, 04. 
 
 Chester Bardwell, Jr., 1803. 
 
 James M. Crafts, 18G5, GO, 71. 
 
 Edw. C. Sanderson, 1867, 08, 09, 
 
 71. 
 Myron Brown, 18C7, 08, G9. 
 Chester R. Wait, 1870. 
 Edwin C. Parker, 1870. 
 
 Representatives to 
 
 John Smith, 1783. 
 
 Thomas Sanderson, 1784, 1812, 13. 
 
 Capt. Salmon White, 1785. 
 
 Col. Josiah Allis, 1787, 88. 
 
 Maj. Phineas Frary, 1805, 8, 10, 14. 
 
 John White, 1825. 
 
 Rev. L. P. Bates, 1829. 
 
 David Stockbridge, 1830. 
 
 Thomas Crafts, 1831 ; May and Nov. 
 
 Capt. Luke Wells, 1832. 
 
 Chester Brown, 1833. 
 
 Leander Clark, 1834, 40. 
 
 Calvin Wells, 1835. 
 
 Asa Dickinson, 1.S30. 
 
 Rodolphus Sanderson, 1837. 
 
 the General Court. 
 
 Samuel B. White, 1838, 40. 
 
 Elijah Allis, 1839. 
 
 Thomas Nash, 1842. 
 
 Jabez Pease, 1844. 
 
 Dr. Chester Bardwfell, 1847, 48, 51. 
 
 Dea. Justus White, 1849. 
 
 Abel W. Nash, 1852. 
 
 Josiali Allis, 1853. 
 
 Edwin Bardwell, 1854. 
 
 Iliram Smith, 1855. 
 
 William IL Fuller, 1858, 59. 
 
 L. W. Ilannum, 1801. 
 
 Capt. Seth Bardwell, 1804. 
 
 Alfred Belden, 1808. 
 
 Seth B. Crafts, 1871. 
 
 Delegates to Constitutional Conventions. 
 
 Col. Josiali Allis was Delegate to the Convention to ratify the Federal 
 Constitution in 1788. 
 
 Dea. Thomas Sanderson was Delegate to the Convention to revise the 
 Constitution of ]\Iassachusetts, 1820. 
 
Extracts from tue Town Records. 
 
 1780, May 19. An uncomraon darkness was over the earth for some 
 hours. 
 
 1780. The Dollar, which became legal currency in 1750, is first named 
 in the town records this year, though it was not used in keeping the town 
 accounts till near 1800. 
 
 Lottery. — 1791. The town voted that Thomas Sanderson be a dele- 
 gate to attend a meeting at the house of Mr. Caleb Alvord, in Greenfield, 
 to consult on the propriety of petititioning the General Court for a lottery, 
 for the purpose of building a bridge over Deerfield river. 
 
 1797. The town voted that it will not give liberty to inoculate for the 
 small pox. 
 
 1798. Voted, to give a bounty of six shillings for wild cats. 
 
 1801. A wolf was killed in Whately. The bounty paid by the town 
 was $iO. 
 
 1804. Voted, to build three horse-blocks near the meeting-house. 
 
 1812, Dec. 7. Voted, that every man have liberty to wear his hat in 
 town meeting. • 
 
 Slaves. — Two of our citizens owned slaves at the time of their settle- 
 ment in Whately : viz., — Gideon Dickinson and Richard Chauncey, — and 
 so far as can be gathered from the census returns, these are the only col- 
 ored persons enumerated in our population. Mr. Chauncey's slave was 
 George Prutt, who was an original member of the church, and died Sept. 
 18, 1794, aet. 75. He lived for a time in the family of Zenas Field, and 
 ■was much respected. 
 
 Longevity. — In the year 1849, in a total population of 1,1"29, there- 
 were living in Whately fifteen persons, whose united ages amounted to 
 1,300 years, being an average age of 86| years. Of these, seven were 
 males and eight females ; and included in the list were three married 
 couples who had lived together respectively 6G, C3, and 56 years. 
 

 
 
 
FAMILY GENEALOGIES. 
 
 [The date aftor a name indicates wlien the Individual became a rcBidcnt of Whately; two 
 dates connected by a note the time of Betllement and removal.] 
 
 AiJERCROMnY, Robert, 1779-85. A weaver ; was one of " Burgoyne''s 
 men; " built a house in the Lane, on the Plyna Graves's place: m. Jan. 
 28, 1779, Elizabeth Bragg, dau. of Abial. Chil. William, bap. Mar. 19, 
 1780 ; Agnese, bap. Oct. 20, 1782. 
 
 Adkixs, JosiAn.i Middletown, Conn., d. Sept. 12, 1090. Abkins, 
 Solomon,^ b. 1678; a deacon; m. May 18, 1709, Phebe Edwards; d. 
 17-48. Ai>Kixs, Solomon,-^ b. Aug. 11, 1720; rem. from Middletown to 
 Whately, 1782 or 3 ; lived in the Straits ; afterwards with his son ; a basket 
 maker; d. Feb. 26, 1804. Wife Thankful, d. April 7, 180G, ict. 79. 
 Chil. Solomon, b. May 4, 1762 ; Thankful, m. John Crafts ; Giles ; 
 Elijah; daughter m. Cone. 
 
 Adkins, Solomox,* 1784. Owner of the Stalham Allis place ; a tanner 
 and shoemaker. He m. Mar. 9, 1787, Electa Graves, dau. of Oliver; 
 chil. Enoch, b. Aug. 23, 1788; Ilcnry, b. June 16, 1791; Electa, b. Nov. 
 20, 1793; d. young; Electa, b. Dec. 2, 1795; d. young; Chloe, b. Apr. 
 18, 1798 ; Joel, b. Sept. 7, 1800 ; Hannah, b, July 14, 1803 ; Solomon, b. 
 Oct. 8, 1805. Adkixs, Giles,^ m. Jan. 9, 1794, Martha Graves, dau. of 
 Oliver; chil. Freeman, per. others. Adkixs, Elijah,' m. Dec. 21, 1797, 
 Tirza Cooley, dau. of Barnas and Hannah. 
 
 Adkixs, Exoch,''^ m. Feb. 13, 1822, Amanda White, dau. of Luther. 
 He d. June 15, 1844; she d. Jan. 4, 1863; chil. William B., b. Feb. 10, 
 1823; died young; Chloe C, b. Dec. 12, 1824; William M., b. June 7, 
 1827; George E., b. Oct. 29, 1829; Electa, b. Aug. 15, 1833; Catharine 
 M., b. Dec. 16, 1835; d. Sept. 1866. Adkixs, Hexry,^ m. Jan. 1, 1817. 
 Lucinda Clark, dau. of Peter; chil. Zilpah A., b. Nov. 10, 1817; d. 18G8 ; 
 Henrij B., b. Mar. 20, 182U ; d. July 10, 1853; Eli S., b. Jan. 16, 1824; 
 Levi C, b. Sept. 15, 1827. Adkixs, Chloe,'' was for many years a 
 teacher in the Public Schools in Whately. She m. John Elwell, and 
 moved West. Adkins, Joel,^ m. Mar. 18, 1824, Fidelia Smith, dau. of 
 Asa; d. Mar. 7, 1868 ; chil. Edward Almeron, b. June 18, 1826 ; Frederick 
 Augustus, b. Jan. 12, 1828; Mary Eliza, b. May 26, 1830; d. 1833. 
 Adkins, Solomox,^ m. June 6, 1833, Wealthy Arms. Moved to South 
 
196 
 
 Deerfield; wifo d. March 17, 1870; cliil. Mary Jane, b. Sept. 8, 1885; 
 Fidelia II., b. Aug. 25, 1839; m. May 19, 1864, Eurotas Morton; Fred. 
 C, b. Jan. 23, 1844; m. Aug. 18, 1870, Sarah B. Howard. 
 
 Adkins, Chloe C.,^ m. Aug. 9, 1844, Elias Holmes; chil. Oeorge A., 
 b. June 2, 1846; Emma J., b. Jan. 13, 1851; Frederick, h. Sejit. 17, 
 1853; d. young; HattieE., b. Aug. 31, 1856; Nellie, b. Mar. 28, 1861; 
 d. young; Nettie D., b. Aug. 12, 18G6. Adkins, William M.,6 in. 
 Elizabeth P. Allen; ohil. Carrie L., b. Aug. 16, 1853; HattieJ., b. June 
 7, 1858. 
 
 Adkins, Edward Almeron,*^ m. Feb. 1, 1854, Clarissa Graves, dau. 
 of Plyna; an architect and carpenter; d. Mar. 10, 1871; chil. Arthur 
 Leo7i, b. Aug, 13, 1857; WiWlam Henry, b. May 9, 1862. Adkins, 
 Frederick A.,*" m. Nov. 21, 1855, Marietta I\Iurphy, dau. of Timothy 
 and Priscilla. She was b. Sept. 27, 1836; chil. Frank Hale, h.M.^rtih 
 1860. Adkins, Mary J. ,6 m. Oct. 16, 1860, Andrew Dutton ; chil. 
 Charles K., b. July 8, 1861 ; Belle A., b. Mar. 16, 1864 ; d. July 26,' 1868 ; 
 Annie A., b. Oct. 26, 1869. 
 
 Alden, Barnabas Gilbert, son of Barnabas, of Plainfield, m. Sept. 
 14, 1835, Paulina Graves, dau. of Selah. Alden, Mehitable, Avid. d. 
 Sept. 23, 1847, aged 83. 
 
 Alexander, Joseph, 1796. From Hadley. His mother, Experience, 
 d. in W. Jan. 27, 1799, aged 72. He m. Mar. 7, 1793, Hannah Wait; 
 chil. Luther, b. April 8, 1797; Calvin. Alexander, Calvin, ^ m. Sept. 
 17, 1829, Jane Bardwell, dau. of Orange and Euphamie. 
 
 Alexander, Levi. Lived on the place now owned by W. H. Fuller, 
 
 Allen, Thomas, 1770. From Conn. Lived in the Straits, on the 
 place afterwards owned by Benj. Bacon; Chil. Daniel, d. Mar. 1792, cet. 
 13 ; Lydia, d. Mar. 1773 ; Philena ; Sobrina. 
 
 Allis, William. 1 Freeman May 13, 1640. Rem. from Braintree to 
 Hatfield, 1661 ; deacon ; lieut. of cav. ; comV to end small causes ; select- 
 man ; d. Sept. 6, 1678. He m. (1) Mary, who d. Aug. 10, 1677 ; (2) 
 June 25, 1678, Mary, dau. of John Brownson, and wid. of John Graves, 
 of Haddam, Ct. Allis, John," b. Mar. 5, 1642 ; first capt. of Hatfield 
 militia co., 1687; a carpenter of note ; d. Jan. 1691. He m. Dec. 14, 
 1669, Mary, dau. of Thomas Meekins, and wid. of Nathaniel Clark, who 
 m. (3) Samuel Belding. Allis, Ichabod,^ b. July 10, 1675 ; d. July 9, 
 1747. He m. (1) Mary Belding, dau. of Samuel; b. Aug. 27, 1679; d. 
 Sept. 9,- 1724; m. (2) Nov. 25, 1726, Sarah, dau. of Benj. Wait, and wid. 
 of John Belding. Allis, Samuel,4 b. Dec. 12, 1705 ; grad. H. C. 1724 ; 
 ord. 1727, first pastor of the ch. in Somers, Ct. ; m. Nov. 4, 1729, Hannah 
 Sheldon. He d. Dec. 16, 1796 ; she d. July 22, 1779. Allis, Lucius,^ 
 b. May 9, 1737 ; captain; built a log house on Spruce hill, 1761 ; rem. to 
 Conway, 1764. He m. (1) Dec. 10, 1761, Jemima Bliss, who d. June 9, 
 1764 ; m. (2) Aug. 14, 1766, Mary Wells, dau. of Thomas and Sarah, of 
 Deerfield, who d. July 2, 1776; m. (3) June 16, 1777, Mehitable Graves, 
 who d. July 31, 1800; ni. (4) May 25, 1801, Lois Graves; chil. Zelinda, 
 b. Jan. 7, 1763; m. Aug. 10, 1786, Isaiah Wing; infant, b. and d. June 
 
197 
 
 3, 1764; Samuel, b. June 20, 17G7 ; Lucius, b. June 19, 1768; Solomon, 
 h. Oct. 26, 1769 ; Sarah, b. Apr. 15, 1771 ; Thomas W. b. Aug. 16, 1772 ; 
 Elijah, b. Dec. 5, 1773; infant, b. Oct. 7, 1775; John, b. Aug. 3, 1778. 
 
 Allis, SoLOMOX,*J 111. JNlar. 14, 1794, Anna B. Dickinson. lie d. Nov. 
 1,1823; she d. Nov. 4, 1864; chil. Parthenia D., b. Jan. 17, 1795; 
 Lucius, b. Sept. 2, 1796; Thomas W., b. Aug. 3, 1798; Jolin I)., b. June 
 22, 1801; Emibj W., b. Oct. 1, 1803; Elijah, b. Mar. 14, 1805; Lois, b. 
 Apr. 3, 1807; Mary W., b. July 3, 1809; Elliot C, b. Feb. 13, li^iy ; 
 Edicard P., b. Feb. 9, 1819. 
 
 Allis, Elliot C," m. (1) Apr. 7, 1841, Elvira Dickinson, dan. of 
 Daniel, who d. Aug. 25, 1861 ; m. (2) June 25, 1863, Cornelia A. John- 
 son, dau. of Horace, b. Apr. 8, 1829; chil. Angeline, b. Oct. 30, 1842; 
 Lucius, b. Aug. 20, 1844; d. June 23, 1865, at Mobile, Ala. ; Esther D., 
 b. July 27, 1846; d. Sept. 10, 1861; Lrving, b. Jan. 28, 1849; Llenry G., 
 b. Nov. 4, 1855; d. Aug. 8, 1856. 
 
 Allis, Elisiia,4 b. Dec. 3, 1716; captain ; owned a house in Whately, 
 
 1771, d. 1784. He ni. (1) Dec. 20, 1744, Anne Marsh; (2) Sarah '- ; 
 
 chil. Elisha, ni. Mary Ingram, of Amherst ; Josiah ; John; Abel ; William ; 
 Anna, m. Josiah Pomeroy, 'M. D. 
 
 Allis, Josiah.'' lie moved from Hatfield into the house owned by his 
 father on Spruce bill, in the spring of 1775 ; colonel ; rep. ; del. to conv. 
 1788; selectman; town clerk; treasurer; d. Apr. 17, 1794, aged 40. lie 
 m. Mar, 1, 1774, Anna Hubbard, dau. of Elisha, b. Dec. 26, 1755 ; she 
 m. (2) Salmon White, Jr. ; d. June 21, 1839; chil. Elijah, b. Oct. 21, 
 1775; Electa, b. Feb. 16, 1777, m. Dec, 16, 1802, Elial Allen ; Josiah, b, 
 
 Jan. 5, 1779, m. (1) Mary Bull; (2) wid. Gould; Anna, b. Dec. 
 
 3, 1780, m. Chester Sanderson; Lucy, b. Dec. 7, 1782, ni. Thomas San- 
 derson, Jr. ; llenry, h. July 29, 1784, ni. Charlotte Phelps ; Jerry, b. July 
 25, 1786, m. Oct. 1, 1814, Mary White, dau. of Salmon, Jr., and settled 
 at Oxford, N. Y. ; Sally, b. Apr. 22, 1788, m. Eurotas Dickinson ; Almira, 
 b. Oct. 3, 1790, m. Elam Bridges ; Stalham, b. May 1, 1792 ; Elisha, b. 
 Jan. 4, 1794, m. (1) Loomis ; (2) Stanley. 
 
 Allis, Elijah.*^ Town clerk; rep.; P. I\I. ; d. July 9, I860. lie m. 
 Nov. 27, 1800, Electa White, dau. of Dea. Salmon ; she d. Apr. 8, 1859 ; 
 chil. Salmon White, b. Nov. 27, 1801; Josiah, b. July 17, 1803; Lydia, 
 b. Dec. 1, 1805, m. Myron Ilarwood, M. D. ; Judith W., b. Nov. 8, 1807, 
 m. ^lyron Ilarwood, M, D. Allis, Stalham.'' Town clerk ; selectman ; 
 d. June 11, 1864, He m. (1) Dec. 24, 1818, Annis Stockbridge, dau. of 
 David; she d. Dec, 9, 1838; m. (2) Sept. 11, 1839, Eliza Sanderson, dan. 
 of Joseph; she d. July 12, 1860; he m. (3) 1862, Eliza Wood; ciiil. 
 Iluhbard S., h. Oct. 4, 1819; Elisha Chapman, h. Apr. 0, 18:' I, d. Oct. 
 1,1848; Elam Bridf/es, h. July 10, 1823, m. Clarissa S. IJardwcll, dau. 
 of Chester, M. D. ; Stalham White, b. July 22, 1826, d. Nov. 13, 1831 ; 
 Edward Phelps, b. May 28, 1828, d. Dec. 3, 1831 ; Stalham Edward, b. 
 ]\Iay 29, 1833. 
 
 Allis, Salmon WniTK,'^ m. Mar. 4, 1824, Emily W. Stockbridge, dau. 
 of David; lived in New Haven, Ct. ; d. Sept. 18, 1868; chil. Henry White; 
 
198 
 
 Fannie; Gertrude. Allis, JosiahJ d. May 23, 18GC. He m. Apr. 13, 
 1826, Eliza White, dau. of Ebenezer, of Hatfield; she d. Aug. 9, 18G6 ; 
 cbil. Justin Wright Clark, b. Mar. 31, 1827 ; Silas Dickinson White, b. 
 Dec. 11, 1828 ; Mary Eliza White, b. Sept. 29, 1830 ; Lewis Edward Sikes, 
 b. July 14, 1832, d. April 7, 1860; Edmond Bridges, b. July 31, 1834, d. 
 Feb. 17, 1835; Edmond Bridges, b. Dec. 11, 1835, d. Oct. 12, 1861. 
 
 Allis, Hubbakd S.," lives in Rochester, N. Y. He m. Jan. 1, 1844, 
 Siljj'I D. Bardvvell, dau. of Chester, M. D. ; cliil. Gertrude Annis, b. Dec. 
 16, 1844, m. Oct. 18, 1871, Joseph Billings, of Hatfield. 
 
 Allis, Russell, 1777, son of Russell Allis, of Deerfield ; saddler and 
 harness-maker; d. Mar. 7, 1835, aged 78. He m. Sarah Edson, dau. of 
 Jonathan; she d. Jan. 9, 1832, aged 75; chil. Boxa, b. Feb. 24, 1776, ni. 
 Lemuel Wait ; Sarah, h. Apr. 19, 1778, m. David Stockbridge ; Lara, b. 
 Feb. 29, 1780, m. July 17, 1800, Joseph Smith ; Demis, b. Dec. 31, 1782, 
 m. Jan. 13, 1703, Zebina Bartlett; Annis, b. Jan. 18, 1784; Polly, b. 
 Apr. 1786, m. Jan. 5, 1809, Chester Belding. 
 
 Allis, Daniel, i 1785, wife Lydia, Arho d. Feb. 17, 1849, aged 86; chil. 
 Moses, b. Sept 20, 1782; Da7iiel, b. Sept. 26, 1784, d. Jan. 11, 1818; 
 Eleazer, b. July 17, 1786 ; Harris, b. Feb. 13, 1788 ; Osee, b. June 26, 
 1790 ; Eurotas, and Otus, twins, b. May 27, 1793 ; Austin, b. July 12, 
 1794; Patty, b. Sept. 30, 1795; Lydia, b. Oct. 11, 1797, m. Jan. 22, 
 1818, Justus Morton; Sophia, b. May 24, l^QO-^ Eleazer, b. Sept. 23, 
 1803. 
 
 Allis, Osee,2 m. Nov. 5, 1813, Ellis Mather, dau. of William; d. 
 Mar. 6, 1819; chil. Austin, d. July 15, 1820; child, d. Jan. 25, 1821. 
 Allis, AusTm,^ d. June 23, 1852. Hem. (l)Semantha Sanderson, dau. 
 of Elijah; m. (2) Elvira Warner, dau. of Job, of Williamsburg ; chil. 
 Adaline, h. Feb. 28, 1826, d. Jan 5, 1849 ; Frances ; Luther ; Louisa, m. 
 Hiram M. Smith; Austin; Earnest, m. Flora Cutter; Josephine. 
 
 Allis, Aaron, brother of Daniel, m. Apr. 14, 1791, Huldah Snow, 
 dau. of Lemuel and Margaret. 
 
 AsHCRAFT, John, was in Stonington, Ct., 1662. Ashcraft, Daniel, i 
 prob. grand-son of above, settled on Fisher's Island, soon after the Rev. 
 War ; rem. to Guilford, Vt. ; captain ; rec'd a land-grant of 640 acres of 
 land from the State of New York. Ashcraft, John, 2 settled in Hadley, 
 where his three older chil. were born ; then rem. to the homestead in 
 Guilford, Vt. He m. Clarissa Stockbridge, dau. of David and Patience, 
 who d. Nov. 1, 1870, aged 80; chil. Susan C, b. Mar. 25, 1809, m. 
 Shaylor Belden ; Elam ; Daniel ; John ; Ephraim ; Clarissa ; Julia ; 
 David; Uriah; Elizabeth; Amarette; Amelia; Charles. Ashcraft, 
 JoHN,3 of Whately and Hadley ; m. Elizabeth Smith, of Hadley ; child, 
 John. Ashcraft, David, 3 of Whately, m, Cynthia Cole, of Coleraine ; 
 chil. Henrietta ; Henry. 
 
 Bacon, Benjamin, i 1775. From Killingly, Ct. ; lived in the Straits; 
 d. Sept. 4, 1814, aged 87. His w. d. Sept. 23, 1820 ; chil. Persis, m. Nov. 
 5, 1777, Gad Scott; Abel; Philo, b. 1758; Jonathan; Benjamin; Bufus. 
 Bacon, Philo.2 He d. July 12, 1825. He m. Lucinda Smith, dau. of 
 
199 
 
 Philip and Elizabeth; she d. Aug. 29, 1835; chil. Lueretia, bap. Aug. 30, » 
 1785, in. Aug. G, 1801, Isaac Marsh; Electa, bap. Dec. KJ, 1787, m. Apr. 
 ^7, 1808, Martin Woods; Lydia, bap. Sept. 24, 178G, m. Oct. 2G, 1801), 
 Reuben IIoj)kias. Bacox, Jo.n'athan,- ni. July 9, 1789, Betsey Wait. 
 Bacon, Benjamin,- in. Apr. 14, 1788, Margaret llaine ; a carpenter; 
 worked for Jacob Walker in I78G. 
 
 Baker, Eiuvard, d. Oct. 10, 1848, aged 70. Baker, William, b. 
 May 31, 1821, m. Nov. 17, 1840, Miriam F. Orcutt, dau. of Walter; chil. 
 Isaac P., b. Dec. 19, 1843, in. Julia E. iNye, of Fall River; Louis Wri<jhf, 
 b. Dec. 19, 1850. 
 
 Bannister, John F., in. Apr. 22, 1852, Marietta Frary ; chil. Ida 
 C.,h. Mar. 17, 1853; Willie J., b. Sept. 1855; Jo/tn F.,'h. Apr. 29, 
 1857. 
 
 Bardwell, Robert, 1 was in London, learning the trade of hatter iu 
 1GG5 ; came to Boston, 1G70; serg't in command of one or more garrisons 
 in the eastern part of the State, and in the Hill of 1G75 was sent from Bos- 
 ton to carry instructions to the forces collected at Hadley, with orders 
 that "if snow fell before he was ready to return, to remain through the 
 winter." He returned to Boston, was in the Narragansett Fight, Dec. 19, 
 and the next day received £ 18 9*. for services that year. He prob. came 
 to Hamp. Co. in Feb. 1G7G; was in the Falls' Fight, May 19; settled 
 in Hatfield; d. Jan 9, 172G. Hem. Nov. 29, 1G7G, Mary Gull, dau. of 
 William; she d. Nov. 12, 172G ; chil. Ebenezer, b. Oct. 19, 1G79, m. Apr. 
 25, 170G, Mary Field ; Mary ; John ; Samuel, b. Sept. 2G, 1G85, m. Martha 
 Allen, and settled in Deerfield ; John, h. Aug. 1G87 ; Elizabeth; 'Thomas, 
 b. Dec. 8, 1G91, m. Sarah Belding, and settled in Deerfield; Hester, b. Aug. 
 8, 1G93, m. Oct. 23, 1717, Joseph Belding; Sarah; Thankful, m. May 
 23, 1717, Abram Graves; Abiyail, m. June 6, 1720, David Graves. 
 Bakpwell, Ebenezer, 2 m. Apr. 25, 170G, Mary Field. He d. July 13, 
 1732; chil. Ebenezer, b. Sept. 10, 1707; Hannah, b. June 24, 1709; Re- 
 membrance, b. ab't 1713; Abigail, b. Oct. 14, 1721 ; per. others. Bard- 
 well, Ebenezer,-'' lieut. in the French War; settled in the bounds of 
 Whately, on the Deerfield road, in 1735 or 6 ; in '52 or 3, built a house in 
 the orchard south-west of Randall Graves's ; in 'GO, built the Gideon Dick- 
 inson house; he d. Nov. 14, J789; wife, Elizabeth; chil. Violet, b. Dec. 
 29, 1731; Ebenezer, b. June 24, 1733; Elizabeth, b. Feb. 1735, in. Paul 
 Belding; Perez, h. 1737; Samuel, b. 1739. 
 
 Bardwell, Ebenezer. ^ He built a log-house in Claverack, near the 
 corn-house of Walter W. Bardwell, and as early as 1778 built the house 
 now occupied by Walter W. ; d. Dec 31, 1818. He in. Sarah Tute, who 
 d. Dec. 11, 1821, aged 87; chil. John, b. Feb, 17, 17G1 ; Hannah, b. Oct. 
 IG, 1762, d. young; Moses, b. Oct. IG, 17G4, rem. to Vernon, Vt. ; Asa, 
 h. Nov. 1, 17G(); Hannah, h. 1768, m. Timothy Edson ; Consider, b. 17G9, 
 rem. to Harfford, Vt. ; Daniel, bap. Oct. 31, 1773, rem. to Tunbridge, 
 Vt. Bardwell, Perez,"* lieut.; (seep. 157) wife, Tabitha ; chil. Polly, 
 bap. May IG, 1773; Waitstill, bap. May 28, 1775; Joel, bap. Oct. 19, 
 1779 ; per. others. 
 
200 
 
 Bardwell, John,-^ Eben'r,! m. Mar. 5, 1792, Mary Rogers, and rem. 
 to Holland Purchase, N. Y. Bardwell, Asa,^ lived on the place of his 
 father; d. Mar. 4, 1846. He ra. May 17, 1791, Mary Bclding, dau. of 
 Elisha, who d. Aug. 22, 1832; chil. Sjiiddi/, b. Nov. 19, 1702, m. Justus 
 Crafts; Chester, b. Jan. 20, 1795; Betseij, b. Feb. 15, 1797, d. Apr. 24, 
 1832; Demi's, h. Sept. 24, 1797; Hannah, b. Dec. 5, 1801, m. Justus 
 Bardwell; Horace, b. Mar. 8, 1804. Bardwell, Daniel,^ m. Ruth 
 Branch, of Tunbridge, Vt. ; chil. Justus, b. Sept. 8, 1799; Cyrus; William, 
 b. Sept. 11, 1806; Hiram, b. Apr. 10, 1808, m. Zilpah Morton; Hannah, 
 m. James Curtis ; Olive, m. Marcus Boston ; Daniel, m. Eliza Bruce ; John 
 H , m. Jane Slocum; Sarah, m. Joseph Pelton ; Almira, m. Waldron 
 Trask ; Frank ; Asa. 
 
 Bardwell, Chester,*^ Asa,^ lives near the old homestead in Claverack ; 
 m. Mar. 26, 1839, Sally Porter, s. p. Bardwell, Horace,^ m. Sojjhia 
 Bardwell, dau. of Moses. He d. July 6, 1863; she d. Jan. 28, 1828, s. p. 
 
 Bardwell, Justus, ^ Daniel,^ m. Hannah Bardwell, dau. of Asa and 
 ]\Iary. He d. Jan. 9, 1864 ; she d. May 26, 1862 ; chil. Walter William, 
 b. July 27, 1827. Bardwell, Cyrus, 6 a blacksmith; m. Jan. 1. 1827, 
 Roxanna Wait, dau. of Lemuel and Koxa; chil. Almira C, h. Nov. 23, 
 1827, m. John Boyden ; Hannah Maria, b. Apr. 21, 1830, m. William 
 Boyden. The fam. rem. to Chicago. Bardwell, William,^ lives in the 
 Straits ; m. (1) July, 1827, Hannah Davis, dau. of Paul, who d. Oct. 11, 
 1870; m. (2) Aug. 9, 1871, Phebe Wood; chil. Charles D., b. May 4, 
 1829; George W., b. Sept. 22, 1832; John H., b. Aug. 23, 1834; Lucrj 
 R., b. Dec. 16, 1840, d. young; Simon D., b. June 1, 1844, d. young; 
 Mary Jane, b. Apr. 30, 1846, d. young; Hannah 31., b. Dec. 30, 1848, d. 
 young; 3Iary C, b. June 1, 1847, d. young. Bardwell, John K.,^ 
 rem. to Belchertown. He m. Jane Slocum; chil. Harriet Olive, h. Oct. 
 28, 1850: Ida, b. 1852; Ertiest, b. 1857. 
 
 Bardwell, Walter W.,''' Justusjt^ lives on the old homestead in Clave- 
 rack ; m. Harriet L. Clark, of Cambridge, Vt. ; chil. Meloin Horace, b. Feb. 
 9, 1852, d. young; Wilbur Fisk, b. Jan. 10, 1854; Chester Porter, b. Dec, 
 31, 1856, d. young; Horace, b. Jan. 28, 1859, d. young; Chester Porter, 
 h. Jan. 8, 1863; Horace Melvin, b. June 30, 1867; Harriet Demis, b. 
 Feb. 24, 1870. Bardwell, George W.,'^ William. 6 He d. in the army. 
 Ua m. Sept 6, 1853, Risphia Miller, b. July 22, 1$29 ; chil. Lucy M., b. 
 June 26, 1854; Oeorcje W., b. Feb. 6, 1856. 
 
 Bardwell, Remembrance, ^ Ebenezer,^ Robert.! \\q nj_ Hannah 
 Dickinson, dau. of Ebenczer ; chil. Sarah, b. Aug. 30, 1743 ; Noah, b. 
 Apr. 28, 1748 ; Hannah, b. Aug. 4, 1750 ; Seth, b. Dec. 22, 1752, k. by 
 lightning June 16, 1794. 
 
 Bardwell, Noah,'* Remembrance.^ Before 1770, he built at the corner 
 of roads west of the S. W. School-house; was lieut. ; d. ]\Iar. 13, 1828. He 
 ni. Lucy Wait, b. Nov. 12, 1749, d. Sept. 11, 1833 ; chil. OrarHje, b. Oct. 4, 
 1769; -4Zmda, b. Mar. 11, 1771, m. Sept. 12, 1793, John Moors ; Clarissa, 
 b. Jan. 26, 1773, d. Dec. 15, 1776; Chester, b. Sept. 1, 1774; Charles, b. 
 Sept. 27, 177G ; Cotton, b. Feb. 9, 1779 ; Noah, b. Feb. 4, 1781 ; Clarissa, 
 
201 
 
 b. Doe. 2.1, 1782, m. Nov. 23, 1820, Silas Frary ; Lnclnda and Aim'iida, 
 twins, b. July 29, 1784; Justin, b. Nov. 2, 178(3; Cotton, b. IMay 25, 
 1788; Justin, b. Apr. 3, 1790; Spencer, b. Deo. 19, 1792; Lucy, b. Jan. 
 oO, 179;3. 
 
 Baudwkli,, Oraxuk,"' Lieut. Noal),4 lived on Dry hill; d. IMay 23, 
 1813. lie ni. Feb. 2;i, 179G, Euphauiie Moore, dau. of Xatlianiel and 
 Jane; shed. June 20, 1817, aged 7() ; ehil. Spencer, b. Nov. 25, 1796; 
 Susan, h. Mar. 15, 1798, m. Orrin Munyan ; Sefh, b. Oet. 15, 1799 ; Jone, 
 b. Oct. 27, 1801, m. Calvin Alexander; Ainu's, h. Sef)t. 18, ISd;}, m. Alvin 
 Munson; John Moore, b. June 8, 1805; Betsey, b. Nov. 21, 1808, m. Otis 
 Kiuji;sley; Orange, b. Jan, IG, 1811 ; William, b. Oct. 13, 1813; Eupliamic, 
 b. May 6, 18 10, ni. Frederick Taylor. IIahdwkll, Ciikstki;,-'' Noah,'' d. 
 ^far. 22, 1859. lie ni. Eunice Bi<;elow, who d. Apr. 23, 1841 ; ehil. Sarah, 
 1). Mar. 29, 1799, ni. (liles Dickinson; Julia, h. ]\Iar. 22, iSdj, m. (Jilcs 
 Dickinson ; Dency, b. Sept. 24, 1803, d. Nov. 2, 1845; Otis, b. Jan. .'5, 180(j; 
 JIalsey, b. July 18, 1808, d. young; Halsey. b. Oct. 28, 1810, m. Marietta 
 Packard; Chester, b. Feb. 5, 1812; Sherman, h. June 15, 1815; Knnice, b. 
 Sept. 18, 1819, m. Caleb Crafts. Bakdwkll, Chaki.ks.s He d. Nov. 
 30, 1815. He ni. (1) Jan. 2:;, 1800, llaunali (Mark, dan. of Ehenezer, of 
 Conway; b. Dec. 27, 177G, d. Mar. 20, 1817; in. (2) Apr. 25, 1819, 
 Charlotte Leach, who d. June 23, 18G1, aged 74; ehil. Ifarriat, b. June 
 27, 1803, m. June 9, 1823, Theophilus Knigiit; Lincoln, b. Dec. G, 1804; 
 jl/ar;/ J., b. Feb. 21, 1807, m. Nov. 22, 1824, Alvah Francis; Priscilla 
 E., b. Dec. 9, 1808, m. June 1, 1827, William Stroud. r.AiinwicLL, 
 Justin.-^ He d. Sept. 24, 182G. He m. Apr. 4, 1801, Esther Scott, dau. 
 of David and Sarah, b. May 31, 1791, d. Apr. 7, 1S72; ehil. sun, b. and 
 d. Apr. 17, 1812; Sophia, h. June 10, 1814, ni. Harvey Moor; JIannah, 
 and Sarah, twins, b. Aug. 17, 181G; Edwin, b. Aug. 18, 1819; Charles, 
 b. June 2, 1822, d. young; Olive, b. Sept. 2G, 1824, d. Aug. 17, 1848. 
 Bardwell, Cotton.^ He d. June 11, 182G. He m. Fanny Allis, wid. 
 of Daniel, Jr., and dau. of Heman Swift; he d. Feb. 28, 1845, aged 57; 
 ehil. Maria, b. Oct. 30, 1812; Fidelia, b. Apr. 23, 1814, m. July 3, 1834, 
 James Moor; Laurette, b. July 5, 18 IG, m. Otis Moor. 
 
 Bakdwkll, Spi:n-ceu,6 Orange, 5 m. Aug. 22, 1822, Soi)hia Scott, dau. 
 of David and Sarah ; chil. Electa, b. June 27, 1823, ni. Horace McKinney; 
 Alcin 0., h. Oct. 22, 1824; Sarah E., b. May 27, 182G ; Jennette C, h. 
 June 25, 1829, m. William A. Nash; Esther M., b. Feb. 2G, 1831, ni. 
 Bernard Hastings; Fanny W., h. Mar. 5, 1833, m. David Scott; Charles 
 S., b. Aug. 5, 1835; Orange and Euphamie, twins, b. Mar. 31, 1837; 
 Francis G.,h. July 13, 1812. Bardwki.l Seth;'' captain; selectman; 
 rep. ; a woolen manufacturer. He m Sept. 15, 1825, Sophia Pratt, dau. 
 of Daniel and Margaret ; chil. Washington JT., b. Oct. 2, 182G ; Dwight 
 Foster, b. Dec. 25, 1827; Ransom Pratt, b. Aug. 26. 1829; Lucelia 
 Amelia, b. Oct. 29, 1830; Mary Ann, h. June 29, 1838, m. Henry P. 
 Briggs ; William Henry Harrison, h. Nov. 29, 1810. 15ari)\vi;i.i,. John 
 'M.,*^ lived on Dry Hill; rem. to Conway. II(> m Oct. 9, 1834, Samantha 
 Perry; chil. George W., b. July 22, 183G ; Betsey Ann, b. Dec. 12, 1837, 
 
 AA 
 
202 
 
 m. Whitney Hill ; Mariette, b. Oct. 11, 1839, m. Hiram Graves; Dimgld 
 PT., b. Mar. 21, 18i2, d. in hospital at Newbcrn, N. C, Nov. 186-1; 
 Orange, b. Feb. 22, 1844, k. in battle of the Wilderness, May 6, 1864; 
 Euphamie, b. June 9, 1845, m. Franklin Weston. 
 
 Bakdwell, Oti.'a,^ Chester,^ m. Mar. 25, 1829, Maria Bardwell, dau. of 
 Cotton and Fanny ; cbil. Coiton, b. Nov. 11, 18;57; Lmirette, h. A\yv. b, 
 1841, m. George W. Moor; Diana B., h. June 4, 184:3, m. May 9, 1861, 
 Nelson H. Damon; Hennj W.,h. July 17, 1849; Dwight, b. May 19, 
 1850 ; Olive, b. Nov. 15, 1852. Bardwell, Chester,'' m May 7, 1835, 
 Lucinda Mather, dau. of Joseph and Adeney. He d. June 5, 1866; chil. 
 Amelia E., b. Jan. 24, 183G, ra. Frank Jennings; Martha M., b. Oct. 1, 
 1837, m. Oscar Akers ; Cordelia S., h. July 24, 1839, m. Frank Vaughn; 
 Justin, h. May 24, 1841 ; Hiram, b. Mar. 9, 1843 ; James, b. Sept. 2, 
 1845, m. Emma J. Bardwell; Luanna E., b. Sept. 26, 1847, m. John M. 
 Crafts; Sarah Jane, h. Jan. 15, 1850, m. Charles H.Manchester; Watson, 
 b. Jan. 28, 1852; Althea D., b. May 27, 1854; Mary Ella, b. Mar. 20, 
 1859. Bardwell, Sherman,^ d. Mar. 4, 1856. He m. July 22, 1841, 
 Pamelia Howard, b. Dec. 12, 1814; chil. Elisha S., b. Apr. 21, 1842; 
 Elijah G., b. May 3, 1843; Eunice B., b. May 30, 1844, d. Mar. 9, 1868; 
 Mary C, b. Dec. 8, 1846; Sherman B., b. Sept. 16, 1849. 
 
 Bardwell, Lincoln,^ Charles;^ manufacturer; lives in Stafford, Ct., 
 m. Sept. 17, 1832, Ann Jennings ; she d. Sept. 15, 1857, aged 45; chd. 
 Mary O., b. Feb. 7, 1834, m. James C. Cross, (grand-child, Anna B., b. 
 Aug. 31, 1858). 
 
 Bardwell, Edwin, "^ Justin;'' selectman; rep.; m. Aug. 13, 1846, 
 Artemisia A. ]\Iunson, dau. of John; chil. Emma Josei}hine, b. Mar. 14, 
 1850, m. James Bardwell ; Charles Edivin, h. July 9, 1854. Bardwell, 
 Francis G.,''' Spencer,^ m. Oct. 27, 1864, Martha E. Moor; chil. Charles 
 A., b. Oct. 19, 1865 ; Erank 0., b. Aug. 14, 1867 ; Daniel S., b. Mar. 5, 
 1869 ; Ja7ncs S., h. Dec. 4, 1870. 
 
 Bardwell, Washington H.," Capt. Seth,'> m. Susan C. Benham, of 
 New Haven, Ct. ; chil. Frank Edgar, b. Sept. 1, 185 5 ; Fred. II., b. Oct. 
 24, 1856, d. Feb. 21, 1864; Elmer Ellsworth, h. July 29, 1861, d. Oct. 9, 
 1863. Bardwell, Dwight F.,''' m. Nov. 21, 1850, Sarah B. Dickinson, 
 dau. of Giles ; chil. Ella J., b. Oct. 20, 1851 ; Ida E., h. Mar. 26, 1854; 
 Emory D., b. Dec. 1, 1855; Arthur F., b. Dec. 24, 1861 ; Sarah A., b. 
 Feb. 13, 1865, d. July 15, 1865; Flora C, b., Sept. 26, 1863. Bard- 
 well, Ransom P.," m. Oct. 15, 1852, Sophia H. Bardwell, dau. of Ches- 
 ter, M. D.; chil. Emory Wallace, b. July 21, 1854; Alice G., b. June 9, 
 1859; Louis, b. May 25, 1861; Benson; Henry, b. Jan. 1864; Haitie 
 Pratt, b. Sept. 8, 1868; Ransom Pratt, b. Mar. 19, 1871. Bardwell, 
 William H. H.,~ m. Jan. 5, 1864, Mary E. Bartlett, dau. of Spencer, b. 
 Aug. 7, 1845 ; chil. Lena A., b. Apr. 8, 1865 ; Lillie B., b. Nov. 7, 1867, 
 d. Sept. 5, 1868; Lillie Cora, b. Dec. 6, 1869. 
 
 Bardwell, George W.," John M.,6 m. (1) May 15, 1859, Anna Hus- 
 sey Morton, adopted dau. of Almira Morton, b. Sept. 23, 1839; she d. 
 Nov. 20, 1868. He m. (2) Jane F Stowell, dau. of Dea. Cyrus A. ; chil. 
 
203 
 
 Conrad Mijron, b. Oct. 9, 18G0; Jamci Ilosmer, b, Oct. 9, 1805; George 
 Dwight, b. July 29, 1806. 
 
 B.vHovvKLL, Cotton," Oti.'*,''' in. Jan. 28, 18.'j7, Lucy .\. l>rooker, of 
 Greenfield, b. JIar. 4, ISo.'i; eliil. Edward W., h. May I:!, 18.09; Victor 
 D., b. Oct. 15, 1804; ILnner Leon, b. May 30, 1809. IJ.vKinvHi.i., IIknky 
 W.," m. Fidelia A. Cooley, dau. of Eleazer F., of Hatfield. 
 
 Baui)Wki,l, Hikam," Chester, *• ni. Feb. 14, 1800, Etta INIoody, dau. of 
 Joseph, of Granby ; chil. Carrie Josephine, b. Mar. 17, 1808; Kdjar 
 Moody, b. Nov. 21, 1809; Emma Louisa, b. Aug. 8, 1871. 
 
 Baij^jwell, Ciiksticij, M. 1).,'> Obadiah,* Joseph,-* John,'^ Robert,' b. 
 Feb. 22, 1787, at Heath; son of Obadiah and Mehital)le (Smith), of Belcher- 
 town ; the family rem. from Heath to ^Villianlst()wn ; he eut. AVilliams Coll. ; 
 stud, his profession with Dr. John Hastings, of Hatfield ; settled in Whatelv, 
 1810; rep.; senator; d. May 14, 1804. He m. Aug. 28, 1.S17, Mary 
 Hastings, dau. of Dr. John; chil. Jolui II., b. Sept. 21, 1818, d. Sept. 18, 
 1848; Sibyl D.,-h. Sept. 4, 1820; Clarissa S,, h. Sept. 20, 1823; Charles 
 C. P., b. July 21, 1825; Mary, h. June 8, 1827, d. Oct. 27, 1802'; Sophia 
 H., b. Mar. 7, 1829; Martha A., b. Ai)r. 15, 1833, d. 1805. Bauowkll, 
 Chaklks C. p.," m. Jan. 2, 1850, Sarah Ann Dickinson, dau. of Eurotas ; 
 chil. John Hustings, b. Jan. 5, 1851, d. Oct. 18, 1851 ; Ellen Hastings, b. 
 Sept. 16, 1852, d. Aug. 21, 1853; Henry D. ; Clara. 
 
 Bakdweli,, William Fuedkiuck," Amasa,'' Ebenezer,' Samuel,"' Sam- 
 uel,- Robert,' b. Nov. 21, 1800; pocket-book manufacturer; m. .June 22, 
 1834, Martha S. Wait, dau. of John and Catharine; chil. Mary A., b. 
 Feb. 24, 1835, m. June 3, 1858, Henry Lyman; Abhy M., b. June 13, 
 1838, ni. Nov. 12, 1802, Thomas Sanderson ; Frank D., b. May 8, 1812, 
 d. Mar. 23, 1871. 
 
 Barnard, Francis,' was in Hartford, Ct., 10 It; a maltster; settled 
 
 in Hadley, 1000. He m. (1) Aug 15, 1044, Hannah ; m. (2) 1077, 
 
 Frances, wid. of John Dickinson, and dau. of Nathaniel Foote. Barxaro, 
 Joseph,- rem. to Deerfield ; d. Sept. 0, 1095, from wounds received of 
 Indians. He m. Dec. 19, 1075, Sarah Strong, dau. of Elder John, of 
 Northampton. Barnard, Joiin,^ b. at Deerfield, Nov. 19, 1070 ; a 
 physician; d. March 0, 1726. Fie in. Jan. 13, 1701, Bridget Cook. 
 Barnard, Joseph*, b. at Deerfield, Jan. 1, 1720; rem. to Sunderland; 
 bought the Capt. Oliver Shattuck place, in Deerfield, now Whately, 1787. 
 He m. Nov. 1, 1749, Esther Church, dau. of Benjamin ; chil. Ebenczer, h, 
 Oct. 2, 1752 ; Hannah, b. Dec. 15, 1754 ; Moses, b. Feb. 13, 1757 ; Joseph, 
 b. Aug. 26, 1759. Barn.ujd, Erenezer,-'' lived on the Homestead; d. 
 Dec. 8, 1827. He ra. Lydia Clark, of Sunderland ; she d. Sept. 17, 1826, 
 aged 76 ; chil. Ebenezer, b. July 2, 1777 ; Elihu, b. 1779, ra. Electa Cooley ; 
 William, b. 1782; Justus, h. 1784, m. Dency Ingrahain, of Amherst. 
 
 BAitNARD, Eiu:nezer,1' d. Nov. 5, 1837. He m. Feb. 13, 1805, Sophia 
 Quinn; she d. Aug. 11, 1858, aged 84 ; chil, Fidelia, b. Apr. 18, 1806, 
 d. Sept. 24, 1822; SopJiia, b. Sept. 1, 1807, m. Oct. 10, 1800, Willard 
 Starks; Orexia, b. Jan, 25, 1809, d. Jan. 2, 1848; Lydia, b. Jan. 25, 
 1811, m. Almoret Stebbins ; Electa, b. Jan. 23, 1813, d. Feb. 23, 1851; 
 
204: 
 
 Francis- II , b. Jan. 22, 1815, m. Nov. 10, 1846, Harriet Brown; Calista, 
 b. Jan. 2, 1817, d. Mar. 21, 1838. 
 
 Barnahd, William,'' d. Mar. 30, 18.37. He m. Dec. 20, 1810, Ruth 
 Dickinson, dan. of Gideon; she d. Dec. 10, 1844; chil. Theodore, b. Oct. 
 1811, d. Feb. 14, 1827; Luther, h. Jan. 12, 1813; Walter and William, 
 twins, b. Apr. 17, 1817; William d. Aug. 3, 1817; Persis, b. Mar. 25, 
 1821, d. Mar. 10, 1844. 
 
 Baknard, Walter,''' William, *> m. Nancy Bigelow ; she d. Oct. 10, 
 18G4; chil. Mary Jane, b. Dec. 7, 1852, d. Oct. 1864; William, b. Sept. 
 6, 1854. 
 
 Barhon, J., tavern-keeper; d. Apr. 3, 1846, aged 36; wife, Almira 
 ]\Iunson. 
 
 Bartlktt, IIknry.i Bartlett, Daniel, 2 Hadley ; m. (l)Nov. 10, 1777, 
 Elizabeth Smith; (2) Feb. 3, 1784, Deborah Ferguson. Bartlett, 
 ZEniNA,3 settled in Whately on the Joseph Belding place ; carpenter and 
 bridge-builder; d. Nov. 9, 1862, aged 82. He ra. Jan. 13, 1803, Demis 
 Allis, dau. of Russell; she d. Mar. 9, 1863; chil. Alvin, b. Oct. 1, 1803, 
 d. Aug. 28, 1863 ; Sarah, h. Jan. 7, 1805, m. E. H. Wood; Tryphena, 
 b. Nov. 10, 1806, m. Hiram Smith; Maria, b. Feb. 16, 1810, m. Franklin 
 Hoyt ; Elizabeth S., h. Jan. 11, 1817, m. Abraham B. Smith; Zehina W., 
 b. Mar. 18, 1819; Lovisa Demis, h. July 24, d. Nov, 26, 1831. Bart- 
 lett, Samuel,^ b. Apr, 23, 1785, m. Aug. 2, 1810, Sophia Smith, dau, 
 of Gad and Irene; chil. Dwight Smith, b. Dec, 17, 1810; Lewis, b, Sept. 
 26, 1812, m, Lestina E. Darling; Samuel Dwight, b. Feb. 1, 1817; George 
 Smith, b. Apr. 12, 1822; Charles Dexter, b, iNIay 31, 1824. Bartlett, 
 Waterman,3 b. Feb. 20, 1799 ; a blacksmith ; m. Apr. 24, 1822, Melinda 
 E. Bardwell, dau. of Moses, b. Aug. 5, 1795; chil. Elizabeth H., b. Nov. 
 13, 1822; Melinda E., b. Mar. 6, 1825; Alonzo W., b. Mar. 20, 1827, d. 
 Sept. 3, 1828; Alonzo W., b. Jan. 31, 1829. 
 
 Bartlett, Zebina W.,4 Zebina,^ a carpenter; d. Oct. 28, 1868. He 
 m. Mar. 24, 1844, P^lecta Billings Smith, dau. of Seth ; chil. George 
 Dwight, b. May 19, 1845; Albert, b. Oct. 12, 1847; Homer, b. Sept. 
 7, 1849; infant, b. Jan. 13, 1863; Electa Maria, b. May 3, 1866, d. 
 young. 
 
 Bartlett, Lewis, -i Samuel,-' d. Jan. 14, 1842. He m. Apr. 19, 1835, 
 Lestina E. Darling; chil. George D., b. Jan. 9, 1837; Lewis D., b. Mar. 
 11, 1841, d. May 3, 1842. Bartlett, Samuel Dwight,-! lives in North 
 Hatfielil ; m. Louisa Cooley, dau. of Lemuel; she d. June 23, 1869; chil. 
 Arthur D., b. May 14, 1844; Lemuel Cooley, b. June 29, 1846, d. Feb. 
 22, 1849; Esther Sophia, b. Mar. 13, 1850, d. Jan. 20, 1853; Frank 
 Cooley, b. Aug. 7, 1852 ; Lemuel Elmer, b. July 26, 1863. Bartlett, 
 Charles D.,-* lives in North Hatfield; m. May 3, 1853, Lovina Langdon, 
 dau. of Amaziah; chil. Alice Lestina, b. Apr. 24, 1854. 
 
 Bartlett, George Dwight,-' Zebina W.,'* lives on the homestead; 
 in. May 17, 1869, Mary Jane Wood, dau. of Hiram and Susan B. 
 
 Bates, Rev. Lemuel P., b. in Blandford ; the fam. rem. soon after to 
 Southampton; d. at Alton, 111., Mar. 8, 1800. He m. Jan. 14, 1823, 
 
205 
 
 ICiiiiice Edwards, daii. of Dca. Elislia and Anna (I'atos) Edwards, of 
 
 Soutliampton ; she d. July 20, 18o4r, aged o'J, s. p. 
 
 Bkals, Skth.i Bkals, Caleb,- of Conway; ni. Dorotliy Scott. IJkai.s, 
 
 Caleb,3 b. Sept. 15, 178G ; settled in Whately ; m. Apr. 10, l.sil, Try- 
 
 phena Starks, dau. of John, b. Mar. 29, 1781*; cliil. Bctijamin F., h. Dec. 
 
 II, 1812; Flavilla, h. Sept. It, 1815; Dorothy, b. Dec. 28, 1818, m. 
 
 Austin Lee; Julia A., b. June 8, 1825, m. Dec. 26, 1848, Henry Haskell ; 
 
 Williird N., b. Sept. 20, 1829; Jainette A., b. Sept. 25, 1831, ni. :May 
 
 15, 18G1, Joseph C. Wing. Bkai.s, Willakd X.,i m. (1) :\Iay 1.], 
 
 1857, Beulah C. Wells, dau. of Lewis; ni. (2) Mar. lo, 1SG5, Fiilelia A. 
 
 Bryant; cliil. Mary FAnara, b. .June 30, 1858; Lewis Wells, b. May 13, 
 
 1862 ; Mincrviola, b. June 5, 1863 ; Louis Willard. 
 
 Beckwith, Ezekiel, from New London, Ct., b, Aug, 3, 1792. Beck- 
 
 wiTii, BiiiLO, (bro. of above,) d. March 11, 1808. 
 
 Beldex, Beldin, Beldixg. This name is variously spelled, in both 
 
 earlier and later records. As a rule, in these pages, the custom of each 
 
 family is followed. Belding, Richako,! was in Wethersfield, Ct., 1640; 
 
 in 1650, had grant of land in New London. Beli>ixg, Samuel, ^ b. in 
 England; rem. from Wethersfield to Hatlield, 1661; d. Jan. 3, 1713. He 
 
 m. (1) Mary , who was k. by the Ind., Sept. 19, 1677; m. (2.) June 
 
 25, 1678, Mary, wid. of Thomas Wells, who d. Sept. 20, 1691; m. (3) 
 Mary, dau. of Thomas Meekins, and wid. of John Allis ; m. (4) April 10, 
 
 1705, Sarah, wid. of John Wells. 
 
 Beldixg, Stepuex,'' b. in Wethersfield, Dec. 28, 1658 ; lived in Hat- 
 field, d. Oct. 6, 1720. He m. Aug. 16, 1682, Mary Wells, dau. of Thomas, 
 b. Sept. 8, 1661, who m. (2) Jan. 2, 1723, Capt. Joseph Field, of North- 
 field. 
 
 Beldixg, Joshua, ^ lived in Hatfield ; d. Feb. 173.S. He m. Dec. 1, 
 1725, Sarah Field, dau. of John ; she m. (2) Thomas Noble, of Westfield, 
 and d. Aug. 17, 1763, aged 61; chil. Sh-phen, b. Sept. 26, 1726; Ijucy, b. 
 :March 7, 1729; Sarah, num.; Joshua, h. Oct. 29, 1733; Elisha, b. iATar. 
 28, 1736 ; Jabez, b. April 10, 1738. 
 
 Beldix, Joshua, •> Joshua,* Stephen,-* Samuel, 2 Richard,' he settled 
 in Whately, 1765, on the j)lace now owned by Dea. Elihu Ikdden ; d. Sept. 
 20, 1805. He m. Anna Fitch, dau. of Joseph, of E. Windsor, Ct. ; b. 
 1738, d. Nov. 8, 1819. (She was sister of John Fitch, inventor of the 
 first steamboat built in America.) Chil. Hlephcn, b. April 19, 1758, 
 d. young; Amur, h. Feb. 15, 1760; Anna, b. July 22, 1761, m. p^lihu 
 Smith, of Sunderland; Lucy, b. Feb. 17, 1763, m. John Bell, of Green- 
 field; L-ena, b. Oct 18, 1764; Joshua, b. June 17, 1766; L-cna, b. Oct. 
 18, 1764, ni. Feb. 12,1792, John Hibbard, of No. Hadley ; Stephen, 
 b. Mar. 6, 1771 ; Augustus, b. Feb. 28, 1773; Francis, b. Sept. 15, 1775; 
 Reuben, b. Jan. 3, 1778; Selh,h. Feb. 12, 1780; Aaron, b. Jan. 22, 
 1782. 
 
 Beldex, JosmrA,'* Joshua,'' lived near Hitfield line; d. Dec. 29, 1849. 
 He m. July 16, 1787, Anna Morton, dau. of Elisha; chil. FItjah, b. June 
 7, 1790; Submit, b. Jan. 20, 1792; a noted weaver, d. Sept. 25, 1847; 
 
206 
 
 Anna, b. Dec. 20, 179 i, in. .Teremiah Belding; Content and Naomi, twins, 
 b. Due. 19, 1796; Sophia; h. July 5, 1798, m. Benj. Dane; Matilda, b. 
 Aug. 26, 1810, m. Bryant Nutting; Joshua, b. May 13, 1804, m. Rosetta 
 Cooley ; Naomi, b. Aug. 5, 1806, m. Mayhew Winch ; Caleb, b. Aug. 5, 
 1811. 
 
 Belden, Stepoen," Josbua,^ a carpenter; built the Belden Tavern; 
 rem. to Hadley ; m. Feb. 10, 1796, Abigail Hibbard, dau. of George and 
 Lydia. He d. 1831 ; chil. Martha, ha,p. Feb. 5, 1797, m. Albert Jones; 
 Abigail, bap. May 4, 1800, m. Chester Osborne ; Mary, m. Horace Smith ; 
 Melinda, bap. Mar. 31, 1805, m. Zechariah Ilawley ; Lucinda, bap. Feb. 
 28, 1808, m. Allen; Esther, bap. May 6, 1810; Miranda, d. 1831. 
 
 Belden, Augustus,'' Joshua,^ d. July 3, 1816. He m. June 10, 1802, 
 Kata Weeks, dau. of Thomas and Mercy, of Goshen; she m. (2) Sept. 6. 
 
 1-827, Liberty Bowker, of Savoy, Mass. ; chil. Maria, m. Stearns; 
 
 George Weeks, bap. June 16, 1805, m, Bobbins ; Pamelia, b, Sept. 18, 
 
 1808, m. Kinsley Swift; Eliza, bap. June 23, 1811, m. Jacob Bowker ; 
 Angnslus, bap. Aug. 31, 1814, 
 
 Belden, Fuancis,<5 Joshua,^ d. Nov. 30, 1858. He m. Nov. 26, 1797, 
 Ruth Coleman, dau of Nathaniel ; she d. June 8, 1847; chW. Electa, h. 
 Mar. 13, 1798, m. Feb. 13, 1816, Richard T.Morton; Shaylor F.,h. 
 Feb. 7, 1800; Asenath, b. April 7, 1802, m. Mar. 19, 1819, Moses H. 
 Leonard; Aurelia, b. IVIar. 20, 1805, m. G.^'dos Swift; Elvira, b. June 9, 
 1807, m. Solomon Mosher ; Roxaima, b. May 15, 1811, m. Manley Rowe ; 
 Alfred, b. Aug. 17, 1813. 
 
 Belden, Reuben, ^^ Joshua,^ lived on the homestead ; rem. to North 
 Hatfield; d. June 27, 1854. Hem. (1) Sept. 26, 1802, Sally Locke, of 
 Deerfield ; her father had lived near Locke's Pond, in the north part of 
 Shutesbury ; was an oflicer in the Rev. Army, and d. at Williamstown ; 
 she d. Oct. 12, 1806, aged 32. He m. (2) April 2, 1807, Ilannali Hibbard, 
 of Hadley, dau. of George and Lydia [Allen, dau. of Joseph, and sister 
 of Col. Ethan], b. Mar. 29, 1790, d. April 1, 1845. He m. (3) Jan. 1846, 
 Anna Burnham, dau. of Reuben and Chloe (Fitch) Burnham, b. at Hart- 
 land, Ct., Sept. 20, 1778; appointed missionary to the Choctaw Indians, 
 Dec. 1821; left the service of the A. B. C. F. M., Mar. 1845; d. Sept. 
 18, 1847. He m. (4) July 25, 1818, Lura Woodruff, who survived him; 
 chil. son, b. and d. Feb. 6, 1808 ; Jnlia,- b. Sept. 9, !1809, m. Mar. 1828, 
 Zebina Smith; Sally L., b. Oct. 13, 1812, ra. Nov. 25, 1831, Alvin S. 
 Hall, d. May 8, 1847 ; Lncy, b. Mar. 3, 1814, m. June 2, 1831, Solomon 
 Mosher; Hannah, b. May 26, 1816, m. Mar. 22, 1838, Calvin B. Marsh, 
 of Hadley, d. June 29, 1843; Electa, b. April 3, 1818, ra. May 6, 1840, 
 Austin S. Jones; Reuben H., b Jan. 25, 1820; Diana, b. Feb. 19, 1822, 
 m. May 26, 1846, Joseph H. Knight, d. Feb. 26, 1856; EWm, b. Feb. 4, 
 1824. 
 
 Belden, Setii,6 Joshua,-'^ d. Jan. 20, 1851. He m. Nov. 8, 1807, 
 Rachel Lewis, dau. of Noadiah, b. Sept. 3, 1783, d. Sept. 16, 1843; chil. 
 Henry, b. Aug. 30, 1808; Caroline, b. Mar. 3, 1811, d. July 23, 1816; 
 Lewis F., b. Jan. 15, 1813, d. Feb. 7, 1813; Vesta S., b. May 24, 1814, 
 
207 
 
 m. Dec. 3, 1835, Culvln Monroe ; Lewis, b. Nov. 5, 181G ; Stephen, b. 
 Dec. 30, 1818; Caroline, b. Dec. 18, 1820, in. Dec. 2, 1845, Lemuel G. 
 Harris; Scth, b. July 14,'l822, d. Jan. 13, 182G ; son, b. and d. May 30, 
 1825. 
 
 Rki.dkx, Aakox,'' Joshua, •'• lived on the homestead : rem. to Amherst; 
 d. Feb. 24, 1859. He m. (1) Aug. 28, 180g, Sarah Ilibbard, dau. of 
 George and Lydia, b. ]\Iar 12, 178G, d. Dec. 10, 1842. He m. (2) July, 
 1848, Achsah Field, wid. of Heraan, of Leverett, and dau. of Daniel Abbot, 
 of Hadley; chil. liiifns, b. July 28, 1807, d. Jan. 31. 1809; jR»f»s 11., h. 
 Jan. 26, 1809; M. D.; m. Henrietta Howland, d. April 29, 1870; rome- 
 roy, b. Mar. 15, 1811; Fanni/, h. May 4, 1813, d. Nov. 24, 1814; Fanny 
 H., b. July 14, 1815, m. Darius R. Lathrop ; Seirah Ann, b. July 20, 1817, 
 m. Rev. Lucius R. Eastman; Chloc Bnrnliam, b. Dec. 9, 1819, m. Rev. 
 Rufus P. Wells; JAn//, b. April 1, 1822, m. Rev. Josiah H. Temple. 
 
 Beldex, Siiaylou F.,~ Francis, g m. Mar. 1, 1838, Susan Ashcraft, dau. 
 of John and Clarissa, b. Mar. 25, 1809; chil. AlJ'red S., b. Jan. 31, 1839; 
 Lizzie S., b. Jan. 11, 1843; Frank IT., b. Dec. 7, 1849; Iniogcne, b. 
 Sept. 8, 1851. 
 
 Belden, Ai^fred,''' Francis,'' lives on his father's homestead ; ni. June 
 13, 1849, IMarianne Phelps, dau. of Charles P., b. Sept 13, 1810 ; child, 
 Charles P. P., b. Oct. 28, 1850, d. Jan. .SO, 1851. 
 
 Bei,i>ex, Reuhex H.," Reuben,'' lived on the old homestead in Whatelv ; 
 rem. to No. Hatfield; m. Oct. 5, 1842, Sarah N. Loomis. dau. of J. C , 
 and Electa; chil. Uannnh Almira, b. Oct. 5, 1843; Jieiiben,%. Julv 8, 
 1845, m. Nov. 19, 1870, Ellen M. Stearns, of Conway ; Sarah FlizabeUi, 
 b, Sept. 11, 1847, d. Nov. IG, I8G5; OeorgeE., b. Sept. 5, 1850; William 
 Hoicard, b. Dec. 28, 1852 ; Herbert Ilibbard, b. June 2, 1855 ; Clarence 
 Evifcne, b. Jan. 29, 1859. 
 
 Beloex, Elihu," Reuben,6 lives on the old homestead ; m. Nov. 20, 
 1845, Roxana Leonard, dau. of i\[oses H., b. July 13, 1828, d. Sept. 4, 
 1870 ; chil. Henrietta Asenath, b. Jan. 7, 1847, d. Sept. 8, 1847 ; Franklin 
 Day, b. July 11, 1848; Elihu Leonard, b. Aug. 13, 1851; Channing Snow, 
 b. Sept. 14, 1854; William Clifford, b. I\Iay 30, 1858; Rnfus lloxcland, 
 b. Aug. 29, 1860; Albert Matson, b. June 22, 18G7; son, b. Sept. 3, 
 1870, d. Sept. 5, 1870. 
 
 Betdex, Hexrv,'^ Seth,'' d. Jan. 1856. He m. Hannah Loveland, of 
 Hinsdale; ciiil. Maria; Polly Amelia; JLnry, b, July, 1836; Scth, k. in 
 battle of Winchester, Va. ; Caroline, m. Henry Brown, of Northampton ; 
 CharUis ; James; Thomas, b. 1856. 
 
 Beldex, Lewis,"? Seth," m. May 20, 1840, Judith :\rarsliall, dau. of 
 Samuel; chil. Samuel M., b. Sept. 13, 1841, m. July 17, 18tiG, Mary 
 Soden; Nellie, b. Dec. 10, 1843, m. Dec. 23, 1869, Frank E. Parkintou ; 
 Kate Rose, b. May 4, 1846, m. Feb. 28, 1866, Thomas Soden ; Stephen L., 
 b. Oct. 17, 1848; Carrie Blanche, b. Sept., 1851, m. Mar. 8, 1871, Warren 
 H. Tead ; Maud Augusta, b. April 28, 1854. 
 
 Beedex, Steimiex*,7 Seth," lives in the Straits; m. (1) Oct. 7, 1841, 
 Miriam W. Brown, dau. of Joseph, who d. July 25, 1856; m. (2) March 
 
208 
 
 3, 18^7, Martha G. Healy, dau. of Setli, of Chesterfield ; chil. Edward 
 W., b. Nov. 7, 1843; Mary Ellen, b. Aug. 7, 1848; Marlha A., b. Nov. 
 7, 1851; Miriam Sophia, b. June 20, 1856; Ada Louisa, b. June 22, 
 1869. 
 
 Belden, Pomeuoy,''' Aaron, 6 (see ante p. 117.) He m. (1) Dec. 3, 
 1836, Louisa Tenney, who d. April 9, 1840 ; m. (2) June 1, 1841, Miranda 
 Smith, b, Aug. 24, 1816, d. Sept. 29, 1848 ; chil. James Pomeroy, b. Oct. 
 1, 1837 ; daughter, b. Mar. 28, 1840, d. April 16, 1840; Louisa Miranda, 
 b. :May 29, 1846. 
 
 Belden, Alfred S.,^ Shaylor," m. April 17, 1801, l^ucy A. Sanderson, 
 dau. of J. C, and Julia ; chil. Edmund Allis, b. Feb. 15, 1862 ; Allen M., 
 b. Aug. 21, 1866. 
 
 Belden, Franklin D ,§ Elihu,^ m. Oct. 12, 1871, Mary Elizabeth 
 White, dau. of Samuel B., and Experience. 
 
 Belden, Thomas,** Henry,''' m. Feb. 22, 1870, Lucy A. Lamb, dau. of 
 Samuel R , and Lucy; chil. Charles Henry, b. Dec. 31, 1870. 
 
 Belding, Elisha,-'' Joshua.'' Stephen, ^ Samuel,- Richard. • Before 
 1771 he built on Chesnut Plain street, near where J. A. Ekler now lives ; 
 d. Aug. 2, 1808. He m. Ruth Dickinson, dau. of Benoni ; she d. July 
 12, 1825, aged 84; chil. Elisha, b. Mar. 23, 1765; Mary, b. Nov. 8, 
 1760, m. Asa Bardwell ; David, b. May 2, 1769; Sarah, b. Apr. 15, 
 1772; Mercy, h. Dec. 15, 1774; Dickinson, b. Sept. 2, 1777, d. Mar. 1, 
 1778; Dickinson, b. June 15, 1778. 
 
 Beldi?^, Elisha,6 Elisha,5 d. Feb. 1838. He m. Feb. 9, 1790, Abi- 
 gail Sheldon Kellogg, dau. of Moses, bap. Nov. 4, 1768; she d. Mar. 28, 
 1851; chil. Edwin, h. Dec. 27, 1796; Preston, b. Aug. 25, 1800; Allen, 
 Aug. 27, 1802; William, b. June 20, 1804; Moses Kellogg, b. Dec. 30, 
 1806; Josr/)^, b. Sept. 3, 1807; Mary S., b. Nov. 17, 1810, ni. Austin 
 Crafts ; David, b. Mar. 7, 1813. 
 
 Belding, David,® Elisha, ^ m. June 1, 1793, Content Farnum, and rem. 
 from town ; chil. Dennis, b. 1793. 
 
 Belding, Dickinson,'"' Elisha, ^ d. Oct. 10, 1855. He m. INIarsena 
 Thatcher, of Cheshire, who d. June 20, 1867, aged 83; chil. Dorus, b. 
 Oct. 1814, unm. ; Dennis, h. Aug. 1816, probably d. in Seminole war, 
 in Florida; Asa P., b. June, 1818; Willard M., b. Sept. 18, 1820; Heman 
 F., b. Feb. 7, 1822; Sophia D., b. Dec. 1824, m. Heman S. Yining; 
 Ruth, b. Mar. 1826, d. May 25, 1868. 
 
 Belden, Allen,^ Elisha,* m. Dec. 2, 1830, Aurelia Crafts, dau. of 
 Thomas; she d. April 11, 18-57; chil. Edwin M., b. Apr. 14, 1831; Ro- 
 dolphiis A., b. June 21, 1833; Frederick M., b. Jan. 15, 1835; Elizabeth 
 Muzzey, adopted child, b. Oct. 1832, m. Oliver S. Vining. 
 
 Belden, William,''' Elisha,®; ni. Sept. 10,1828, Salome Cummings ; 
 chil. Dudley S., b. July 4, 1831 ; Minerva M., b. July 9, 1834, m. Feb. 
 24, 1854. Eben. Anderson; Jjuura F., b. Mar. 17, 1836, m. George M. 
 Crafts; Henry C, b. May 1, 1839; Edgar IF., b. Aug. 29, 1841; Albert 
 E., b. Nov. 18. 1845; George IF., b. Oct. 23, 1848, d. Mar. 7, 1854; 
 Charles K., b. Feb. 7, 1853. 
 
209 
 
 Bki.dkx, ^Tosks K.,~ Elisha,*' rem. to Rushville, 111. ; d. May 24, 1807. 
 
 lie m. Mary Ann ; diil. ]\'illi(i7n J-Ahriu ; Maria II. ; Alonzo ; Charles 
 
 A. ; Florenrr. 
 
 Belden, David,' Elislia,''^ <1. Srpt. li>, IS.H. lie m. (1) Nov. 10, 
 1842. Tryplicna Crafts, <lau. of Thomas ; slie d. Dec. 21, 1812; m. (2 
 Maria Haslii){j;s, of Wilininp;ton, Vt., cliild, Klnora. 
 
 Bei.dkn, Denm.s,7 David,*"' d. Aug. 1870. lie in. Sally ; chil. 
 
 Sarah, h. 1818, in. Timothy Miller; Mari/ Ann, h. 1819, ra. Reuben 
 Miller; Dacid /.. b. 1821, m. Ilattie A. Buckman ; Laura, h. 182:5, m. 
 Robert Dixon; Lm'li, b. 18;5."), lu. Uriah Wallace; L'lisha, b. 1837; a 
 sailor. 
 
 Beldex, Asa P.,~ Dickinson,*"' was drowned in Conn. River, Apr. 14, 
 
 1847. He m. Dec. 15, 1842, Eliza A. Gould, dau. of Isaac; chil. Dennis, 
 Sophia. 
 
 Bei.dkx, Wu.i.Ain) M.,~ Dickinson,'"' rem. to Bclchertown. lie ni. (1) 
 May 21. 18t(), Lucinda Jcwett; she d. Apr. G, ISOO; m. (2) Feb. 2, 18Go, 
 Risphia A., wid. of George W. Bardwell ; chil. Clarence E., b. Oct. 31, 
 
 1848, d. young; Frank IF., b. Nov. 28, 1852, d. young; Frank IF., b. 
 Apr. 14, 1855, d. young; WiUard II., h. Apr. 2, 18GG. 
 
 Beldex, IIemax F.,~ Dickinson,*"' ni. wid. Julia A. (Hart) Graves; chil. 
 Adalinc, h. Apr. 1:5. 1857; Emeline, b. July 18, 18G2. 
 
 Bei,dex, Edwin M.,p Allen," m. Oct. 15, 1855, Mary II. Crafts, dau. of 
 Martin; she d. July 12, 18G5 ; chil. Allen M., h. May o, 1857, d. young; 
 Frederick Allen, b. Apr. 30, 1858; Aurelia, b. June 27, 1859; Edwin 
 David, h. Aug. 30, 18G1 ; Oeorge Preston, h. Nov. 17, 18G2, d. young. 
 
 Beldex, Rodolpiius A. ,8 Allen," rem. to Northfield. He m. May 27, 
 1861, Harriet F. Crafts, dau. of Martin; chil. Ilattie Amaretta, b. July 
 15,186*2; Oraiit Everett, h. Oct. 29, 18Gi; Ernest Lincoln, h. July 21, 
 18GG; Alice May, h. Aug. 8, 18G8 ; Mart/ Elizabeth, h. Feb. 4, 1871. 
 
 Beldkx, Frederick M.,*^ Allen, ^ d. Oct. 15, 1870. He m. Nov. 20, 
 l-<65, Elizabeth Polluck ; vhW. Anna S., h. Nov. 24, 18G7 : Edicin Mor- 
 timer, h. Feb. 5, 1868. 
 
 Beldex, Henry C.,^ William," in. Feb. 5, 18G5, Lora Pierce, dau. of 
 John and Nancy; child, Gertrude May, b. and d. 1871. 
 
 Belding, Joseph,'* {John,^ Samuel,^ Richard.') About 1735, he settled 
 in the Straits on what is known as tiie Zebina Bartlett place. Prob. his 
 house was "picketed." He was b. Aug. 9, 1G96 ; d. Oct. 1778. He in. 
 (1) Oct. 23, 1717, Esther Bardwell, dau. of Robert, b. Aug. 8, l(;;i3, d. 
 Nov. 17, 1724. He in. (2) July 13, 1727, Margaret Gilh-tt, dan. of 
 Samuel, b. May 1, 1699, d. Mar. 17^5; ciiil. Paid, b. 1719; Esther, h. 
 Sept. 20, 1720, m. David Scott; Abi<jfiil, b. Sept. 22, 1721; Sarah, h. 
 Feb. 1, 1723; Paid, b. Nov. 17, 1724; Maryarrt, b. IShiy 11, 1732; 
 Ahiyail, h. Feb. 13, 1734; Joseph, b. Oct. 31, 1735; Paul, h. Dec. 13, 
 1737. 
 
 Belding, Joseph,'^' Joseph,' IIvcmI on tlie homestead; m. Dec. 21, 1709, 
 Lydia Silvey ; chil. Esther, hap. Dec. 27, 1772. m. Samuel Coleman; 
 Samuel, bap. Feb. 5, 1775, mi. ratilina Smith; Miriam Sylvia, bap. Mar. 
 liii 
 
210 
 
 8, 1778, ra. Aug. 31, 1797, Silas Tubbs ; Lydia, bap, Nov. It, 1781, m. 
 Otis Brown; Joseph, bap. Sept. 12, 1784, m. Mar. 13, 1808, Abigail 
 Carley; Jeremiah, bap. July 8, 1787, m. Mar. 1, 1813, Anna Beldiiig ; 
 Martha, bap. Mar. IP), 1791, m. Asahel Johnson; Sarah, bap. June 23, 
 1793, m, Chauncey Kennedy; Abi(/ail, bap. Oct. 2, 179G, d. young. 
 
 Beldi.ng, Paul,^ Joseph,'' m. Elizabeth Bardvvell, dau. of Lieutenant 
 Ebenezer; child. Paid, (mother, Sarah Smith,) perhaps others. 
 
 Belding,, Samuel," Joseph, ^ m. Sept. 30, 1801, Paulina Smith, dan. of 
 Gad; chil. Harriet, b. 1802, m. William Bartlett ; Horace, b. 1804, m. 
 
 Fish; Dexter, h. 1806, m. Fanny M. Wilson; Sunford S., b. April 
 
 30, 1808; Alonzo, b. April 2G, 1810; Abigail, d. young; Samuel C. ; 
 Sophia, m. Cooper. 
 
 Belding, Paol,6 Paul,-'' m. July 22, 1782, Hannah Edson ; chil. Chcnter ; 
 
 Sarah ; Daniel ; Hannah, m. Horace Bacon ; Paid ; Atinis, m. Beebee, 
 
 Amasa, m. Bannister. The family rem. to Brookfield, Vt. 
 
 Belde.\, Sanford S.,~ Samuel,*' m. Fanny Y. Moor, dau. of Jonathan; 
 chil. Oscar L., b. Mar. 3, 1837, m. Harriet Stearns, of ConAvay ; Harriet 
 Sophia, b. Feb. Ki, 183',), m. Alfred Montville, M. D. ; Mar ij Paulina, 
 b. Sept. 5, 1847, d. young. 
 
 Bf.i.den, Chester,''' Paul,6 a carpenter; d. June 7, 1830; m. Jan. .5, 
 1809, Polly Allis, dau. of Russell; chil. Champion, b. July 26, 1809, d. 
 young; Emetine, b. May 16, 1815, m. Simon Whitney; Zerviola, b. Aug, 
 12, 1819, ni. Samuel Whitney. • 
 
 Bennett, Daniel W., son of Ezra, b. Dec 18, 1828, d. Aug. 7, 1856. 
 He m. April 10, 1855, Susan O, LadJ, dau. of John; child, Mary A., b. 
 Feb. 25, 1856. 
 
 Bennett, George W., son of Ezra; m. April 1, 1858, Mrs. Susan 
 O. Bennett; chil. Fanny I., b. May 11, 1861 ; John E., b. Nov. 2S, 1863; 
 Ella M., b. July 6, J8()8. 
 
 Higelow, James, 1790 — 1804. From Colchester, Ct. ; lived on Poplar 
 hill; wife, Anna Day; i:h\\. Jonathan ; Betsey; James; Charles; Quy. 
 
 BiRP, Enoch, 1795. From Cummington ; earlier from Sharon; lived 
 on Grass hill ; d. Mar. 1818, aged 70 ; wife, Celena ; chil. Lydia and Sarah, 
 twins, b. Feb. 26. 1782; Sarah m. Amasa Graves; Edmund, b. July 7, 
 1781, m. Mar. 19, 1807, Polly Coleman ; Celena and Levina, twins, b. 
 June 7, 1786; Waitte, b. May 25, 1789, ni. 1809, Stephen Graves; Enoch, 
 b. Oct. 3, 1791; Samuel, b. Sept. 23, 1793; Polly, b. Feb. 16, 1796; 
 lioxa, b. May 8, 1799. 
 
 BowKER, Henry, a tailor; wife, Sarah Davis; son, d. June 22, 1849. 
 
 Bkagg, Abial, 1776 — 1787. Was in Petersh.am, 1771; prob. from 
 Shrewsbury, son of Ebenezer; m. Jan. 29, 1853, Abigail Wilson. He 
 bought the farm of Simeon Wait, in the Lane, which he sold to Dr. Benj. 
 Dickinson; chil. Lnvisa? ; Elizabeth, m. Robert Abercromby ; Abia, m. 
 William Cone; Tliankful? . 
 
 Bkiugman. . He d. May 7, 1800, aged 70 ; his w. Elizabeth d. Jan. 
 
 16, 1812, aged 79. 
 
 Brooks, John, 1776. From Glastenbury, Ct. ; wife, Sarah; child, 
 IlosweU, bap. July 28, 177(5. 
 
211 
 
 Brovgiiton, Wait, 1771. Lived in the Straits; sold in 1773 to Josliua 
 Bfldin. He in. Nov. 1, 1771, Suhtuit Wait ; child, Charity, bap. June 
 14. 1772. 
 
 Bkow.v, Edward, 17G7. From Colchester, Ct. ; built a house north of 
 Hiram Bardwell's; lieut. ; d. June 2, 1803, aged 87. He m. Ilannaii 
 Thomas, who d. Oct. 12, 1611, aged 89; chil. William, h. 1742; llannuh, 
 h. 1744; Josiah, b. 1745; Julin, b. 1747; Mary, b. 1748; Isaiah, b. Dec. 
 8, 1750; Anne, b. 1751; Ahijah, b. 1753: Charity, b. 1754. 
 
 Brow.v, Wiiliam,'- Edward, I 177G; wife, ; adm. to cb. May 1, 
 
 1785; chil. William; Thomas; Sarah. 
 
 Brow\, Josiah,- Edward, i 178(). From Colchester, Ct. He m. (1) 
 
 ; m. (2) Nov. 14, 1788, Sophia Graves, of Conway ; chW. Josiah; 
 
 William; Joel, in. Jerusha Smith; Dorothy, bap. Mar. 12, '178G; Lacy, 
 in. Charles Graves. 
 
 Brown, John,- Edward, l lived on Poplar hill; lieut.; d. Dee. 18, 
 1820, aged 83. He in. (1) Amy Blood, who d. June II, 1785; m. (2) 
 Dorothy Bigelow, of Colchester, Ct., who d. Feb. 14, 1854, aged 92; chil. 
 Frescott,h. 1774; John, b. 1775; Bdsey, h. Mar. 1, 1777, m. Jonathan 
 Wait; Spencer, b. 1781, m. Sally Wait; Consider, h. June 11, 1785, d. 
 Sept. SO, 1827: Champion, b. 1789, d. Aug. 8, ISOU; Sally, h. 17!)0, m. 
 Calvin Wait; Chester, b. Nov. 17, 1791; Dorothy, m. David Dickinson. 
 
 Brown, Isaiah, ^ Edward, i lived where Hiram Bardwell now lives ; d. 
 May 4, 1844. He m. (1) Mar. 15, 1781, Mary Wait, of Hatfield, who d. 
 Dec. 4, 1781 ; (2) Abigail Clapp ; chil. Isaiah, h. Nov. 23, 1781 ; Daniel, 
 b. Aug. 31, 1784; Mary, h. Aug. 15, 1786, m. Capt. Amos Pratt. 
 
 Bkown, Abijah,"^ Edward. 1 He m. (1) Lydia Frazier ; (2) July 30, 
 1782, Mary Allis ; chil. Alice; Polly ; Betsey; Elisha. 
 
 Brown, Joel, •'^ Josiah, 2 m. Jerusha Smith ; chil. Joel; Justin, m. Sally 
 Wait. 
 
 Brown, Prescott,^ Lieut. John, 2 m. Betsey Murphy; chil. Mary Ann, 
 b. Oct. 18, 1813, m. Horace Train; Lorinda. 
 
 Brown, John,'* Lieut. John,- m. July 1, 1802, Lydia Billings, of Hat- 
 field ; chil. Caroline, m. Tinker: Lucy; Lydia; Aurclia, ni. 
 
 Wood ; Neiccomb ; Consider ; John, in. Margaret . 
 
 Brown, Chester,'' Lieut. John,'- lived on the homestead; selectman; 
 rep. ; d. April 17, 1858. He m. April 10, 1818, Patty Sanderson, dau. of 
 Asa and Lucy; chil. Diana, b. May 2(), 1819, m. Otis M. Conkey ; Ruth, 
 b. Sept. 8, 1820, m. Sept. 8, 1845, William H. Fuller; Champion, b. Feb. 
 18, 1822; Charles Emery, b. Aug. 4, 1823, d. Oct. 3, ]84(J; Almira, b. 
 May 24, 1825, m. W. B. Hamilton; Lucy, b. July 1, 1828, m. Feb. 19, 
 1850, Edson Merritt, of Worcester; Myron, b. Aug 2, 1830; Eliza B., 
 b. May 12, 1833, m. Stephen M. Sanderson; infant, b. Dec. 31, 1834; 
 Mary L., b. Sept. 21, 1838, m. John N. White; Henry Wait, b. Mar. 22, 
 1841, d. young. 
 
 Brown, Isaiah,'' Isaiah,- k. by a load of wood running over him, 1814. 
 He ni. Jan. G, 1803, Demis Billings; chil. Morris and j1/«rta, twins, b. 
 1810; Jjydia, b. 1813, m. G. W. Fairfield. 
 
212 
 
 Brown, Daniel,"^ Isaiah, 2 lived on tlie old liomcstead ; deacon; select- 
 man; d. Jan. 4, 185(5. He in. May 23, 1803, Lovisa Pratt, b. April 15, 
 1781, d. May 29, 1842; cliil. Emcliae li., b. Jan. 11, 1809, ni. Levi War- 
 ner; Minerva B., b. Jan. 19, 1811, ni. John M. Foster ; Sophia L., h. 
 April?, 1812, m. Rufus K. Eldridge ; Lovisa P., b. Feb. 25, 1814, d. 
 young; Daniel, h. May 26, 1817, d. young; Nanaj M. b. Sept, 18, 1818, 
 ra. John Parsley; William Austin, b. May 4, 1821, m, Lucinda A. Sander- 
 son; Ilenr II Augustus, b. Mar. 23, 1823, d. July 30, 1858 ;. C'erju^Aa 
 Adalinc, b. Jan. 24, 1825, m. Royal A. Ward. 
 
 Brown, Justin, 4 Joel,^ m. April 7, 1815, Sally Wait, dau. of Consider. 
 Bought the David Stockbridge place in the Straits. 
 
 Brown, John,'^ Jolin,^ wife, Margarette; chil. Ncwcomh, b. May 13, 
 1855, d. young; Mary, b. Sept. 30, 185G; John, b. Mar. 31, 1859; 
 Margerdle, b. May 22, 18G3. See p. IGG. 
 
 Brown, Champion, 4 Chester,^ lives in INIontreal ; m. Dec. 31, 1818, 
 Lucy M. Simpson, of Ashfield ; chil. Emery C, b. Aug. 11, 1849, d. 
 young; Ida, b. Sept. 25, 1851; Annie G., b. June 28, 1854; Henry S., 
 b Oct. 22, 1856; Chester, b. Sept. 18, 1858; Arthur M., b. Mar. 25, 
 1861 ; Percy C, b. July 4, 1866; Paljjh H., b. Jan. 23, 1868; Champion 
 G., b. April 13, 1871. 
 
 Brown, Mykon,^ Chester, ^ rem. to Sunderland; m. Sept. 5, 1852, 
 Eliza J. Sanderson, dau of Samuel ; chil. Diana C, b. Sept. 15, 1853; 
 Lizzie M. ; Ella A. ; Emory C, b. July 20, 1863; Mrjron C, b. Mar. 14, 
 1866; Earry Dibble, b. Nov. 10, 1868. 
 
 Brown, Joseph, 1798. From Pepperell ; lived in Canterbury, just 
 south of the Allis place ; rem. to So. Deerfield ; d. 1842, aged 63 ; ni. 
 Hannah Arms, of Deerfield, who d. 1852, aged 71; chil. Orrin, m. Mary 
 Boyden ; Almira, b. Aug. 30, 1806; Louisa, b. Oct. 11, 1813, ni. Richard 
 B. Hawks; Mary A. ; Sophia M., b. Jan. 28, 1815, in. S. W. Stedman ; 
 Harriet M., m. Francis Barnard; Charles, m. Sylvia Remington; APiriam 
 W., m. Stephen Belden ; Julia A., b. Aug. 27, 1823, in. Charles AV. 
 Nash; infant, b. May, 1827. 
 
 Brown, George, b. Thompson, Ct., April 3, 1803, son of Amos and 
 Mary (Cummings) Brown, m. April, 1827, Almira Brown, dau. of Joseph 
 and Hannah; chil. Martha Cummings, h. Dec. 22, 1828, m. Henry T. 
 Brown, of Charleinont ; Mary Sophia, b. Oct. 16, 1830; Frederick Richard, 
 b. Oct. 30, 1832, m. Kate Cunningham, of Hartford, Conn. ; Tlicophilus 
 Packard, b. Jan. 5, 1835, ni. Frances Hampton, of Toledo, O. ; Henry 
 Augustus, b. Mar. 9, 1837, m. Carrie Belden; Francis Carlton, b. Feb. 
 13, 1839, m. Emma Wells; James Edward, b. Mar. 28, 1841, m. Jennie 
 Legg ; Hannah Arms, b. Sept. 3, 1843, d. May 25, 1815; Hannah Arms, 
 b. Sept. 6, 1845, m. Gordon Johnson; Amos, b. Mar. 8, 1848, d. young; 
 Elizabeth Almira, b. INIar. 20, 1850, d. June 15, 1865 ; Sibyl Graham, b. 
 Jan. 29, 1852. 
 
 Bur'rodgiis, Stephen, (not tiie forger,) ISOO. Lived where Rufus 
 Sanderson now lives ; wife, AiuiUa; chil. Amilla ; Stephen, bap. July 6, 
 1800; Lyman, bap. Aug. 21, 1803; Polly, m. Erastus Wait. 
 
213 
 
 Busn, Lkvi, Jr., 1823, son of Levi and Martlia; b. Aug. ."1, 1797; a 
 niercliant; m. (1) ]May 10, 1825, Ann Ajtos, of No. Brooklicld, wlio d. 
 Oct. 28, 1837, aged 40; (2) July 4, 18;^!). Elvira White, dau. of John, 
 who d. Dec. (i, 1870; chil. Martha Ann, b. Aug. 1, 1826, m. B. F. Parsons; 
 Hannah C, b. June 4, 1828, m. Rev. E. P. Smith; Susan II., h. Nov. 
 
 18, 1830, m. Miller; Charili/ P., b. Jan. 20, 1833, d. May G, 1833; 
 
 Charily R., b. Aug. 14, 1836, m. I':than C. Ely; Klizahdh White, h. Feb. 
 26, 1842, m. Lyman R. Smith; Ilarrid Morton, b. May 2, 1844. 
 
 Byram, Joseph, liout. 1783-1)0. From Bridgewater ; b. 172G; m. 
 1745, Mary Bowditeh, of Braintree ; dau. Elizabeth, b. 1747, m. 1768, 
 Winslow Richardson. 
 
 Callahan, David,:' John,^ Daniel,' b. ]\Iar. 17, 1829, m. (1) Oct. 10, 
 1855, Mary Nolan, who d. April 13, 1869; (2) Jan. 18, 1870, Hannah 
 Fitzgerald; chil. John, b, Oct. 22, 1856; Mary Ann, b. Dec. 1, 1870. 
 
 Callahan, Thomas,-' b. June 17, 1830, m. Feb. 10, 1861, Margaret 
 Powers; chil. Mary, b. Dec. 14, 1861, d. young; David, b. May 25, 1864; 
 John, b. Mar 13, 1867 ; Thomas, b. Mar. 25, 1868. 
 
 Carky, Richard, 1793—1803; son of Dea. Joseph, of Williamsburg; 
 wife, Susan; chil. Calvin, h. 1794; k. by Indians at Black Rock, N. Y., 
 in war of 1812; liichard, a Free Will Bap. minister; perhaps others. 
 
 Carley, Samuel, 1764; son of Job, of Marlborough; d. Jan. 9, 1818, 
 m. Submit Lyon, who d. Jan. 30, 1818; chil. John, b. Dec. 18, 1768, d. 
 Oct. 1796; Dorothy, h. Sept. 17, 1771, m. Dec. 28, 1790, Lncius Scott; 
 Submit, h. Aug. 17, 1773, m. John Granger; Samuel, h. Nov. 15, 1775, 
 d. young; Polly, b. April 20, 1778, d. April 16, 1795; Samuel, b. Aug. 4, 
 1781 ; Abigail, b. April 21, 1786, m. Joseph Beldiiig. 
 
 Casey, John, m. (1) Julia Kelley, who d. June 19, 1859; (2) Johanna 
 DriscoU, who d. June 20, 1870; chil. John, b. Nov. 12, 1858; Patrick, 
 b. April 29, 1861. 
 
 Castle, or Castwei.l, Thomas, 1779, lived on Grass hill ; rem. to the 
 West ; ni. Dec. 20, 1779, Miriam Smith, dau. of Paul ; chil. Miriam ; Miriam, 
 b. Sept. 19, 1784; Paulina, b. Sept. 13, 1786; Aurilla, b. Oct. 5, 178S ; 
 Pamela, b. Dec. 22, 1790; Thomas, b. Jan. 21, 1793; Sophia, b. May 9, 
 1796; Submit, b. Sept. 13, 1798; John, b. Nov. 13, 1801. 
 
 Chapin, Perez,6 M. D., 1778 — 1789. Elijah,-'' Thomas,' Thomas,^ 
 Japhet,2 Dea. Samuel,' b. Sept. 1752; grad. Mid. Coll.; settled in 
 Granby; rem. to Whately ; lived on Calvin Wells's place; rem. to Lud- 
 low; rem. to Benson, Yt. ; d. aged 86. He m. May 5, 1776, Elizabeth 
 Smith; chil. Boxana, h. Oit. 9, 1778, m. Rev. C. Burge; Giles, b. April 
 2, 1781, rem. to Rushford, N. Y. ; Perez, b. April 29, 1783, (sec p. 117); 
 
 Sophia, b. Sept. 28, 1785, d. 1820 ; Alpheus, b. Oct. 24, 1787, m. ; d. 
 
 in Boston, :\Iar. 3, 1870; Elizabeth, b. May 22, 1796, m. Bogardus ; 
 
 Horace B., (see p. 118). 
 
 Chapin, Royal, or Ariel, student with Rev. ^\r. AVells, 1785-89. 
 
 Chapman, Lsaac, lived on Mt. Esther ; d. May 10, 1864, in. Dec. 5. 
 1805, Hannaii AVait, dau. of , Foci, who d. April 7, 1865; chil, Alvah liilcy, 
 b. Sept. 7, 1806, m. Susannah Feish ; Leantha, b. June 3, 1813, m. Dec. 
 
214 
 
 6, 1(S33, Barnard Boyden ; Oeorge Whitefield, b. Aug. 7, 181G, ni. Tabitlia 
 
 Morgan ; Lucius W., b. Jan. 7, 1820, m. Dec. 4, 1839, Martha , (seo 
 
 p. 117); Harriet Newell, b. Jan. 10, 1823, d. Feb. 26, 1839. 
 
 Chauncey, Richard, 1770, born Oct. 23, 1803; son of Rev. Isaac, of 
 Hadley; lived with son-in-law, Jonathan Smith; d. Dec. 31, 1790. He 
 m. Nov. 6, 1729, Elizabeth Smith, dau. of Jonathan, of Hatfield; b. May 
 8, 1708, d. May 22, 1790. 
 
 Claghorn, Alvin N., b. Aug. 27, 1829; son of Benj. and Esther 
 (Saddler) Claghorn ; m. May 8, 1850, Maria C, Scott, dau. of Aretas and 
 Nancy; chil. James Frederick, b. Mar. 1, 1851 ; Mary Esther, b. Feb. 15, 
 1855; Edward A., b. Mar. 18G0, d. soon. 
 
 Clark, Justus, 1790, a merchant; chil. Paidina, d. May 7, 1790, aged 
 6; Theodore; Sylvester; and others. 
 
 Clark, Peter, 1795, lived on the Henry Stiles's place ; d. May 29, 
 1831, aged 73. He m. Nov. 4, 1790, Zilpah Stiles, dau. of Henry, who d. 
 Sept. 17, 1834, aged 73; chil. Ruth, b. Nov. 4, 1790; Nancy, b. Feb. 1, 
 1791, d. Feb. 14, 1870; Luciuda, b. Nov. G, 1792, m. Henry Adkins ; 
 Sophia, b. Jan 10, 1795, ra. Eli Sanderson; Baker, b. Feb. 6, 1797; 
 Esther, b. April 30, 1799, m. Wilson; Zilpah; Baxter. 
 
 Clark, Stephen; from Ashfield, b. Jan. 1789, son of Silas ; d. Jan. 
 ■1,1864. Hem. Sept. 4, 1817, Ro.xy Alden ; chil. Melvin, b. Jan. 25, 
 1818, m. (1) Dorcas Dana; (2) Sophia Browning; Albert, b. Jan. 25, 
 1820, m. Mary Korner; Charlotte M., b. Feb. 18, 1822, m. (1) George 
 Sanders; (2) Zenas Allen ; Mandana A., b. Sept. 14, 1824; Harriet, b. 
 June 8, 1826, m. (1) Rodolphus Sanderson; (2) Milton Carr ; Mary G., b. 
 July 22, 1829; Henry O., b. April 12, 1831, m. Jane Brown ; Eunice E., 
 b. June 24, 1833, m. Eben Goodnough. 
 
 Clark, Leander; from Leverett ; blacksmith; rep.; d. July 17, 1855, 
 aged 53. He m Jan. 182G, Lucinda Wells, dau. of Perez, who d. Aug. 
 2-2, 1851 ; chil. Beulah, h. 1826, d. 1828 ; Wells, b. Nov. 27, 1844, d. of 
 ■wounds. May 23, 1864, at New Orleans, La. 
 
 Clark, Justix Wright, 1825-27; from Southampton; a lawyer; rem. 
 to Hatfield, and d. at Northampton. 
 
 Clark, Dexter, 1830, d. Jan. 6, 1867, aged 66. He m. Amelia Hib- 
 bard, dau. of John, who d. Nov. 10, 18G0, aged 63 years. 
 
 Clary, Apollos, son of Elihu ; b. Jnne 27, 1798 ; lives at the old 
 parsonage. He ra. Nov. 18, 1828, Alma Amsden, b. Feb, 9, 1809; chil. 
 Mary A., b. Sept. 12, 1829, m. H. C. Graves; Helen M., b. Dec. 21, 1830; 
 John E., b. Aug. 26, 1832; Martha A., b. Sept. 13, 1835; Harriet (J., b. 
 Nov. 26, 1842, m. Dr. Watkins, of St. Louis. 
 
 Coleman, Nathaniel, 17G5, settled on the place afterwards owned by 
 Joshua Belden ;6 d, Sept. 14, 1816, aged 74, He ra, Oct. 24, 1770, Anna 
 Dickinson, dau. of Benoni ; she d. May 4, 1838, aged 92; chil. Ruth, b. 
 Nov. 29, 1772, d. young; Benoni Dickinson, b. Nov. 14, 1775, d. young; 
 Ruth, b. Feb. 24, 1778, ra. Francis Belden; Mehilable, b. Nov. 14, 1780, 
 m. John Graves; Anna, b. oMay 12, 1783, ra. Paul Gibbs. 
 
 Coleman, Niles, 1774, bro. of Natiri ; from Marlborough, Ct. ; d. 
 
215 
 
 Feb. G, 1770, aged 71. He m. (1) Elizabeth , who d. Sept. 2, 1774, 
 
 aged 66; (2) Dolly Taylor; oliil. Eli; Samnd, m. (1) Sibvl , (2) 
 
 Esther Belding; Louden, m. Hannah Snow, dau. of Lemuel, rem. to 
 ^Vindsor, Ct. ; Polly, in. Edmund Bird; Josiah. 
 
 CoLKMAX, Noah. From Ihitfield ; son of Nathaniel and Mary, b. Mar. 
 27, 1718; lived on J. B. Morton plaee near West brook; d. Dec. 15, 
 1794. Wife Lydia ; no ehil. Capt. Seth Frary inherited the estate. 
 
 Cone, William, 1788. From Middletown, Ct. ; lived in the Lane; m. 
 Abia Bragg, dau. of Abial ; chil. Salli/, bap. Oct. 17, 1700; i:,7<a, bap. 
 Jan. 13, 17'J;3 ; Kppa, bap. May 3, 1795 ; perhaps others. 
 
 Cook, David, 179.). Wife ; child, Horace, bap. June 23, 1793. 
 
 Cook, Jamks P., from Dedhani ; b. May, 1790; m. Electa Graves, dau. 
 of Israel; chil. Nancij, m Way; Sijlvia, m. William Cross. 
 
 CoOLKY, BicNjAMix, SOU of Barnas Cooley and llannali Shattuck ; an 
 ingenious mechanic and land surveyor ; d. on his journey to Brownhill, O. 
 He m. (1) Oct. 13, 1799, Elizabeth Lewis, dau. of Noadiah, who d. Sept. 
 18, 1812; (2) Rachel Hastings of Amherst; chil. Fredaick, b. Nov. 12, 
 1800, d. young; Deiijdinin Lewis and Betsey Shattuck, twins, b. Feb. 19, 
 180-1, Betsey S. d. Feb. 28, 1827; James, b. Jan. 5, 1807, d. young ; 
 Frederick, b. Apr. 13, 1808; Moses Hastings, h. Mar. 19, 1814; Fti 
 Parker, h. July 31, 1815; Lucy, b. May 16, 1817; Fanny, h. Aug. 29, 
 1820, d. young. 
 
 CooLEY, Lemuel,'' son of Martin,- whose w. was Rebecca, wid. of 
 Lemuel Childs of Deerfield, and dau. of Alexander Smith of Amherst; 
 Simon,! m. Feb. 12, 1811, Esther Frary, dau. of Caj)t. Seth ; chil. 
 Leander, h. Nov. 12, 1811; Lj/sander, h. Sept. 10, 1813; Dennis, b. Oct. 
 12, 1815; Louisa, b. Dec. 5, 1818, m. Samuel Dwight Bartlett ; Clarissa, 
 b. Mar. 1, 1821, ni. Daniel A. Yining ; Eleazar Frary, b. June 5, 1823. 
 
 CooLEY, Leaxdek,-! m. Louisa Beebee ; chil. L. Milton, b. Mar. 12, 
 1839, d. young; Esther J., b. Apr. 8, 1841, ni. Henry C. Newcomb ; 
 Harriet Amelia, b. Aug. 14, 1844; Lmogene Louisa, b. Oct. 20, 1846; 
 George L.,h. J&n. 18, 1849, d. young; Elbert L., b. Apr. 1, 1852, d. 
 Mar. 15, 1868. 
 
 CoOLEY, Lysaxder,' m. Sept. 10, 1837, Rhoda Dennis of Woodstock, 
 Vt., b. June 2, 1817. 
 
 CooLEY, Denxis,-* m. 1843, Minerva Moor of Wilmington, Vt. ; chil. 
 Susan A., b. Mar. 23, 1844, d. Nov. 23, 1855; Myron I)., b. Aug. 26, 
 1846 ; Irving J., b. Aug. 6, 1858. 
 
 Cooley, Eleazar F.,-ini. Dec. 31, 1845, Harriet P. Anderson, dau. of 
 Herrick ; chil. Fidelia A., b. Apr. 26, 1847, m. Henry M. Bardwell ; Eva 
 J., b. Aug. 6, 1850; William E., b. July 9, 1854; Ashley L., b. June 10, 
 1859. 
 
 Cooley, Dennis,-'' Martin,2 Simon," b. Aug. 4, 1789 ; d. Oct. 19, 1847. 
 He m. Aug. 2, 1814, Phila Morton, dau. of Justin ; child, Justin Morton, 
 b. May 12, 1815. 
 
 Cooley. Justix Moutox.* Built the house now owned by Horace 
 Manning; rem. to Springfield; prop, of Cooley's Hotel. He in. Ann 
 
216 
 
 B. Marsh, dau. of Calvin and Anna of Ilatfiel.l, b. Oct. 2G, 1819; cbikl, 
 Ann Eliza, b. Mar. 19, 1838, m. Burnett. 
 
 Cowing, George, son of William of Conway ; lives on the Hiram Smith 
 place; m. June 20, 1867, Martha E. Burton, dau. of Alonzo. 
 
 Crafts, Ghiffix,^ came over from England with Gov. Winthrop's 
 Colony in IGoO, and settled in Roxbury. His wife was Dorcas Ruggles, 
 dau. of John Ruggles; chil. John, b. July 10, 1630; Samuel, b. Dec. 12, 
 1637 ; 3foses, b. April 28, 1641. 
 
 Crafts, Moses,- Griffin, ^ b. April 28, 1641, m. Rebecca Gardner, dau. 
 of Peter, Jan. 24, 1667. This was probably his second marriage, and the 
 probable issue of the first marriage was a son named Thomas, b. abt. 1662 
 or 3. He rem. to Dcerfield in 1673, and after King Philip's war lived in 
 Hatfield, and afterward rem. to Weathersfield, Ct., where he was living in 
 1702. 
 
 Crafts, Thomas.^ Moses, ^ was in Hadley as early as 1670, d. Feb. 27, 
 1692 ; he ra. Dec. 6, 1683, Abigail Dickinson, dau. of John ; he d. 1714. 
 
 Crafts. John,'* Thomas, 3 b. Nov. 22, 1G85, m. Martha Graves, dau. 
 of John Graves; and Sarah White, dau. of John White, Jr., May 17, 
 1716; she was b. Nov. 4, 1689; chil. Thomas, b. Aug. 16, 1717; Moses, 
 b. Oct. 23, 1719; Rebecca, b. Oct. 12, 1721, m. Gideon Dickinson; 
 Benoni, b. Nov. 17, 1725 ; Oalus, b. Dec. 22, 1727. John Crafts d. in 
 Hatfield, May 2, 1730, aged 44. 
 
 Crafts, Thomas, ^ John,^ m. Sarah Graves, dau. of Josepli ; and 
 Britlget; she was b. Nov. 13, 1717; m. abt. 1742; chil. John, b. Jan. 
 7, 1743; Joseph, b. Nov. 6, 174.5; Martha, b. May 27, 1748, m. Jacob 
 Rosevelt, Dec. 2, 1798; Moses, b. May 6, 17.50; Sarah, b. July 16, 1752, 
 d. young; Miriam, b. Dec. 10, 1754, unm., d. April 28, 1794; Ithoda, b. 
 Feb. 14, 1756, m. Phineas Scott; Graves, b. Oct. 26, 1759; Sefh, b. Oct. 
 21, 1762. Thomas d. Feb. 4, 1803; wife Sarah d. Jan. 18, 1803; each 
 85 years of age. He built a house in 1752 or 3, where Seth B. Crafts 
 now lives. 
 
 Crafts, Gaius,^ John,'' unmarried. He built a house a little north- 
 west from Benoni's, w!)ich he sold to Israel Graves. He d. Sept. 30, 1802, 
 aged 75. 
 
 Craft.'', Benoni, ■> John, 4 m. Abigail Graves, dau. of David and Abi- 
 gail. He built a house where George W. and Asa Jackson Crafts now 
 live. He came to Whately at or about the time that his bro. Thomas did, 
 1752 or 3; chil. Reuben, b. Mar. 25, 1759; Jerusha, b. Mar. 16, 1762, m. 
 Abel Scott, Feb. 21, 1805; Asa, b. May 6, 1765, unm., d. Sept. 2, 1854, 
 aged 89 ; Elizabeth, b. Nov. 11, 1767, m. Perez Wells; Abigail, b. Jan. 
 6, 1768, m. Moses Graves, Feb. 8, 1787 ; he d. April 25, 1812, aged 86. 
 
 Crafts, Reuijex,*^ Benoni,^ m. Henrietta Graves, dau. of Matthew 
 and Hannah; lived on the place where his father built. He d. Feb. 14, 
 1814; wife Henrietta d. Jan. 9, 1853; chil Charlotte, b. June 9, 1786, m. 
 
 Bigelow; Cotton, b. July 27, 1788; Erastus, b. Mar. 3, 1791 ; Caleb, 
 
 b. Aug. 3, 1793, d. young; Hannah, b. Mar. 16, 1796, m. Amasa Lamson ; 
 Miranda, b. Oct. 15, 1799, m. Samuel Doane ; Fanny, b. Oct. 8, 1802, m. 
 Warren Pease ; Caleb, b. Feb. 3, 1805. 
 
217 
 
 Crafts, Joiix,*^ Thomas,"' in. (1) TLankful Adkins, dan. of Solomon anil 
 Thankful, April 29, 1781: ihil. Thankful, b. Feb. 8, 1780, m. Calvin 
 Wells. His wife Thankful d. July 1 4, 178G; He m. (2) Martiia Warner, 
 dau. of Orange; chil. Orange, b. Feb. 12, 179G, d. young; Emilj/, b. Feb. 
 13, 1798, m. John Russell, Jan. 3, 1822; J.ydia, b. Aug. 10, 1801, ra. 
 Elias Hibbard. He d. May 3, 182G ; wife IMartha d. Jan. 3, 1822. 
 
 CuAKT.s, JosEPii,^ Thomas, •'• ni. lloxcelany White, ]\Iay 20, 1779; chil. 
 Manj P., b. Jan., 1780; Lucrdia, h. Dee. 9, 1781, m. Joseph Wait; 
 Chester, b. Dec. 1783; Bostvcll ; David, d. Aug. 31, 1844; Sabra, d. abt. 
 1812; Parsons, m. and lives in Canada ; Josephits. He lived some years 
 in West Whatejy, east of the Baptist meeting-house; he d. Oct. 18, 
 1815. 
 
 Crafts, ^Ioses,^ Thomas,'"' m. Abigail Kellogg, dau. of .Joel ; chil. 
 Sarah, h. Dec. 27, 1775, m. Jeremiah Wait; Thomas, b. Sept, 10, 1781; 
 Joel it., b. Dec. 15, 1782; liiifus, h. March 8, 1787; Abigail, h. April 
 20, 1789, m. Jesse Jewett, ; Caroline, b. June 10, 1791, m. Benjamin 
 Larabee ; Sophronia, b. July 10, 1794, d. young; Caleb, h. April 21, 
 179G. d. young; I!alph,h. May 29, 1798, d. young; Caleb, b. July 28, 
 1800; Rhoda, b. April 7, 18u3, m. John R. Cushmau. He was a soldier 
 in the Revolution; lived north of where Elbridge G. (Jrafts does. He d. 
 Jan. 8, 182G; wife Abgail, d. Jan. 8, 1833. 
 
 Crafts, Graves,*' Thomas,^ ra. Eunice Graves, dau. of Israel, 1782; 
 chil. Israel, b. March 21, 1783, d. April 4, 1787 ; Iaicij, b. Nov. 28, 
 1784, m. Elijah Graves; Elijah, b. Nov. 5, 178G ; Israel, b. Dee. 11, 
 1788; Justus, b. Jan. 21, 1791; Justin, b. Jan. 21, 1791; (Jad, b. Feb. 
 17, 1794; Miriam, b. Feb. 24, 179G, m. Justus Graves; Sophia, b. Nov. 
 30, 1797; Eli, b. Nov. 13, 1799; Graves, b. July 7, 1803, d. April -lb, 
 1820; infant, b. June, 1805, d. young; Silas, b. Jan. 24, 1807. Wife 
 Eunice d. Dec. 9, 182G. He ni. (2) Sarah Allis. He d. July 29, 1847; 
 wife Sarah d. April 3, 1852. 
 
 Crafts, Seth,'> Thomas,"' m. (1) Dee. 21, 178G, Joanna Graves, dau. 
 of David; (2) Mrs. Anna French. There were five chil., all of the first 
 born, varying from 9 years of age down to that of a few months, d. with 
 a malignant spotted fever; and then followed. Dexter, b. May 19, 1796, d. 
 May 15, 1861; Pebecca, b. Jan. 28, 1798, m. Justus Ferry ; Noah, b. Sept. 
 28, 1800; Pamela, b. Dec. 1, 1802, m. David Wells; Litther, h. Sept. 5, 
 1807, d. April, 1832. Seth lived on the place where his fiither first settled. 
 He d. June 22, 1826 ; wife Joanna d. June 11, 1819 ; wife Annad. Aug. 4, 
 1863, aged S9. 
 
 Crafts, Chester," Joseph, *J m. Phila A. Jewett, dau. of Reuben Jewett 
 and Electa Allis, Mar. 16, 1809 ; she was b. Jan. 25, 1791 ; chil. Josephus, 
 b. March 2, 1810; Chester, b. Mar. 6, 1812; Mary Ann, b. Feb. 1, 1814, 
 ni. Enos Parsons; Parthena, h. Feb. 17, 1816, m. Elihu Stall; Sylvia, b. 
 Jan. 14, 1818, m. Alvin Field; David, h. Feb. 17, 1820; Poswell P., h. 
 Sept. 16, 1822; Albert W., b. Feb. 17, 1824; Phila, b. Jan. 14, 182G, m. 
 Henry J. Walker. He d. Sept. 27, 1827. 
 
 Crafts, Tuo.mas," Moses.iJ m. Mehitable Graves, dau. of Martin, July 
 cc 
 
218 * 
 
 5, 1804; cliil. Martin, b. Sept. 15, 1805, d. Jan. 17, 1806; 3Iartin,h. 
 April 4, 1807; Aurelia, b. July 11, 1809, m. Allen Belding ; Tryphena, b. 
 April 20, 1812, d. Sept. 24, 1814; Elbridge Gerry, b. Dec. 13, 1814; 
 James Monroe, b. Feb. 26, 1817 ; Tryphena, b. Aug. 22, 1819, m. David 
 Belden; Thomas Spencer, b. April 21, 1825. Thomas Crafts, was a prom- 
 inent man in the town, filling many offices, and twice representing the town 
 in the Legislature. He lived where E. G. Crafts now does; he d. Oct. 7, 
 1861, wifed. Dec. 29, 1861. 
 
 Crafts, Jokl Kellogg,''' Moses, "^ m. Elizabeth Cook, dau. of Solomon 
 Cook and Tryphena Newton; chil. E. Parsons, b. Nov. 28, 1811; 'Try- 
 phena ; Solomon Cook, b. Sept. 13, 1815 ; Sophronia ; Lajsinea ; Elizabeth, 
 m. Alfred Keyser; Thomas Spencer. Joel moved to Hadley, and after his 
 death, the family moved to Ohio ; he d. April, 1823. 
 
 Crafts, Rufus,''', Moses, "^ m. Lucy Kellogg, dau. of Joseph; she was 
 b. Oct. 25, 1788; m. Feb. 26, 1810; chil. Ralph Erskine, b. Jan. 26, 
 1812; Chapman, b. March 24, 1813; George W., b. Nov. 30, 1814; Myron 
 Harwood, b. Aug. 11, 1816; Elvira Jerusha, b. Aug. 22, 1818, m. Robert 
 D. Weeks ; Joseph Kellogg, h. June 7, 1821 ; Joel Franklin, b. Sept. 
 19, 1823; Joel Franklin, b. May 29, 1825; Lemuel P., b. 1827; Pufus 
 Wells, b. July 7, 1828. He d. Nov. 14, 1843. His wife Lucy d, Sept. 2, 
 1869. 
 
 Crafts, Col. Caleh,''' jNIoseSjtJ m. Sophronia Morton, dau. of Daniel; 
 a potter by trade ; lived where James M. Crafts now does ; chil. Harriet 
 C, b. Sept. 8, 1823, m. Dexter Daniels; Maria Louisa, b. July 26, 1825, 
 m. (2) S. D. Kellogg; Charles Perry, b. Oct. 14, 1827; Edward Alonzo, 
 b. Jan. 8, 1830; George M., b. May 16, 1835; Thomas Hart Benton, b. 
 Dec. 13, 1837 ; Sophronia M., b. April 19, 1851, m. George Keit. Caleb, 
 d. Jan. 1, 1854; wife Sophronia, d. Feb. 1866. 
 
 Crafts, Elijah,'^ Graves, "^ ni. Dolly Trescott, dau. of John Trescott, 
 Dec. 13, 1810. She was b. April 3, 1788 ; chil. Sarah, b, April 7, 1812, 
 d. Aug. 1.8, 1817; Eunice, b. Aug. 18, 1813, m. George W. Stanford; 
 Lucy, b. Dec. 21, 1815; Miron, b. Feb. 5, 1819, m. Mary A. Clemens; 
 Nancy, b. Oct. 22, 1820, d. July 11, 1827; Soviad, b. July 12, 1822, m. 
 Philander Perry ; Chjmcna, b. Feb. 3, 1827, m. J. G. Stevens, Oct. 24, 
 1855; Norman, b. April 3, 1829, m. Antoinett Wagoner. 
 
 Crafts, Israel,' Graves,*^ ra. (1) Esther Wells, dau. of Lemuel; lived 
 where Daniel Dickinson does now; chil. infant, d. Jan. 29, 1823, wife, 
 Esther d. Jan. 29, 1823, set. 38. He m. (2) Mrs. Clarissa Scott, dau. of 
 Elisha Wells; chil. Charles Dicight, b. July 2, 1827; Esther Wells, h. 
 July 25, 1829, m. E. Lyman Smith; Luther M., b. June 15, 1832. Israel 
 d. April 4, 1855; wife Clarissa d. Sept. 5, 1858. 
 
 Crafts, Justus,' Graves, ** m. Spiddy Bardwell, dau. of Asa, Feb. 22, 
 1815; chil. Mary, b. Jan. 25, 1816; Austin, b. March 9, 1818; Graves, 
 b. 1820; d. young; infant, b. 1822, d. young; Graves, b. April 4, 1823; 
 Luciaann, b. April 2, 1826, m. Francis Rice ; Eunice, b. Nov. 13, 1830, 
 m. Justus W. Smith; John Wesley, b. March 14, 1836, d. Aug. 20, 1836. 
 Spiddy d. Aug. 4, 1842, set. 50; Justus, d. Dec. 13, 1869, set. 79. 
 
219 
 
 Crafts, Justix,' twin brotlier of Justus," m. t'atliarine Cresa, of 
 Chesterfield, N. II. lie moved to Berlin, Vt., and after the diseovery of 
 gold in California, started over land and died on the journey. 
 
 Crafts, Gad,^ Graves," m. Bleota Graves, dau, of Oliver, May 1, 
 1828 ; lived where Almeron Crafts now lives ; chil. Luman Spencer, b. 
 May 28, 1829; Chester Graves, h. Sept. 12, 1831; Si/lvaniis, b. April 17, 
 1833; Almeron, b. Get. 20, 1835; Freeman Adidns, b. Oct. 12, 1838; 
 Thomas, b. Aug. 1(5, 1840. Gad d. Aug. 11, 1864. 
 
 Crafts, Eli," (Jraves,6 ni. Louisa Marsh, dau. of Isaac ]\Iarsh, Oct. 
 29, 1829; a carpenter; d. May 22, 1871 ; wife Louisa d. Jan. 25, 18G4 ; 
 chil. Sarah Allis, b. Aug. 7, 1832, ni. Luther Townsend ; Leander Francis, 
 b. Nov. 21, 1834; Rulh Scott, h. March 1, 1838, m. James A. Elder. 
 
 Crafts, Silas," Graves, g m. Aliigail P>lder, dau. of John Elder and 
 Anna Chamberlain, April 30, 1846; chil. infant, h. Dec. 28, 1816, d. Dec. 
 31, 184G; infant, h. Dec. 28, 1846, d. Jan. 8, 1847; Clarence Elder, b. 
 Dec. 30, 1858. 
 
 Crafts, Noaii," Seth,*"' m. Nancy Wells, dau. of Calvin ; lives where 
 his grand-father Thomas"' built; du\. Ellen P., b. May 5, 1839, m. Wm. 
 Hubbard; Seth B., b. Aug. 28, 1840; Diaiia M., b. June S, ]Si2. 
 
 Crafts, Cotto.v," Reuben," m. Sarah Scott, dau. of Sclali, Dec. 23, 
 1819; lived where George \V. and Asa J. Crafts do : d. May 29, 1843; 
 chil. George Washington, b. June 2, 1821 ; Henry Clinton, b. Nov. 20, 
 1823, d. young; Amanda Malcina, b. March 18, 1826, ni. Daniel Dickin- 
 son; Asa Jackson, b. Aug. 30, 1829. 
 
 CiJAFTS, Erastus," Reuben,''' m. (1) Cliarlotte Scott, dau. of Selah, 
 Nov. 22, 1814; lives in ('liri.>tian lane; child, infant, h. Aug., 1815, d. 
 "Oct. 10,1815; wife Charlotte d. Sept. 25, 1.S15, aged ;')(). He m. (2) 
 Marian Lamson, dau. of Saiuuel Laiuson ; b. A[)ril 15, 1791, ni. Nov. 4, 
 1817, d. April 1, 1872; chil. Reuben, b. Dec. 30, 1818; Alonzo, b. May 
 17, 1821; Walter, b. Aug. 16, 1823; Rodolphus, b. Sept. 22, 1825, d. 
 June 15, 1831; Louisa, b. Aug. 9, 1827, m. Joseph Porter; Fidelia, b. 
 May 5, 1831, m. Dodge Hay ward ; Rodolphus, b. June 28, 1833. 
 
 Crafts, Calki!," Reuben,® m. Eunice Bardwell, dau. of Chester, Nov. 
 9, 1837; lived where Dwight L. Crafts does now ; chil. Dency Luthera, 
 h. Aug. 20, 1839, m. P^phraim S. Stoddard; Maria Henrietta, b. Aug. 24, 
 1841, unm. ; Sarah Angcline, b. Nov. 13, 1811, d. Oct. 26, 1863; Henry 
 Dewey, h. Jan. 29, 1847, d. March 11, 1817; Mary Ellen, h. Feb. 15, 
 1848, d. Dec. 29, 1853; Dwight Letcis, b. May 31, 1850; Warren Pease, 
 "h. Feb. 3, 1855. He d. April 14, 1856, aged 51. 
 
 Crafts, Josephus,^ Chester,' ni. Ro.\y 1). Cross, dau. of Lyman Cross 
 and Lydia Howes, Feb. 13, 1823 ; she was b. April 14, 1814; chil. Orpha 
 M., b. March 23, 1837, d. April 7, 1851; Sarah t/ane, b. June 21, 1839, 
 d. Aug. 7, 1848; Harriet L., b. Aug. 7, 1841; Frances P., b. Sept. 16, 
 1843, m. Henry Ilallet, Dec. 30, 1868; George L., b. Dec, 1851, d. 
 young. 
 
 Crafts, David,'^ Chester,' ni. Wealthy Munyan, dau. of Joseph Mun- 
 yan; b. Oct. 13, 1821, m. May 11, 1841 ; chW. Edward Chester, h. Aug. 
 
220 
 
 7, 1842; Gertrude E., b. May 17, 184G, d. July 13, 1818; Louisa E., b. 
 May 1, 1848. 
 
 Crafts, Albkrt W.,8 Chester,' m. Statira A. Bardwell, dau. of Oliver 
 Bardwell and Dolly Hawks, April 27, 1S48 ; merchant,— Ashfield and 
 Whately; chil. George 0., b. Dec. 2, 1851; Mary S., b. Oct. 2, 1853; 
 Charles H., h. May 31, 1855, d. July 12, 1859 ; Alice A., b. April 6, 1857, 
 d. Aug. 16, 1858; Liici/ A., b. Nov. 22, 1859; Albert W., b. March 31, 
 1861 ; Carrie M., b. Oct. 1, 1862; Dora B., b. July 31," 1864; Atina M., 
 b. Oct. 21, 18GG ; William B., b. Dec. 5, 1867. 
 
 Crafts, Martin,** Thomas,' m. Emily Ingram, dau. of Samuel Ingram, 
 Apr. 19, 18)52; chil. Samuel Thomas, b. Aug. 15, 1833, d. young; Edward 
 and Alonzo, b. Aug. 17, 1834, d. young; Mary Henry, b. Oct. 15, 1835, 
 m. Edwin M. Belden ; Harriet Mehitable, b. Aug, 16, 1810, d. young; 
 Harriet Tryphena, b. Jan. 12, 1843, m. K. A. Belden; Martin Alonzo, b. 
 Aug. 15, 1845, d. young; Emily Mehitable, b. Dec. 22, 1847, 
 
 Crafts, Elbridge G.,* Thomas,' m. Lydia C. Hodgekins, dau. of 
 Daniel Hodgekins, June 4, 1840 ; lives where his father used to ; chil. 
 John Murray, b. June 17, 1842, d. June 24, 1847 ; John Murray, b. Sept. 17, 
 1847 ; Edmund Burke, b. July 7, 1850, d. Jan. 22, 1854 ; Edmund Burke, 
 b. June 28, 1854; Earl Henry, b. Feb. 22, 1861, d. March 23, 1861. 
 
 Crafts, .James M.,'* Thomas,' m. Mary Ann Jewett, dau. of Jesse 
 Jewett and Abigail Crafts, Jan. 24, 1839. He is a farmer, and lives where 
 Daniel Morton used to in Claverack ; chil. Charles Ransom, b, March 20, 
 1840; Thomas Edward, b. Aug 31, 1841, d. Sept. 12, 1841; Annetta 
 Aurelia, b. Jan. 27, 1843, m. Wesley Woodward; Irving Broione, b. Oct. 
 11, 1844; James E. P., b. April 6, 1846, d. Sept. 14, 1849; Thomas 
 Spencer, b. Nov. 28, 1851 ; James Monroe, b. Nov. 28, 1851, d. March 1, • 
 1853; Mary Alma, b. March 6, 1856, d. March 23, 1856; Frank Dandin, 
 b. March 6, 1856. 
 
 Crafts, E. Parsons.s Joel K.,' m. (1) Esther A. Moore, Sept. 1, 
 1834; (2).Eliza J. Fitch, Dec. 9, 1857 ; chil. Emily B., h. June 11, 1835; 
 Caroline 31., h. March 19, 1837; Elizabeth M., b. Nov. 5, 1838; Francis 
 H. M., b. Dec. 26, 1842; Ellen J., b. Dec. 20, 1848, d. Sept. 3, 1850; 
 Amelia A., b. Dec. 10, 1851; Fred. F., b. Oct. 13, 1858. Wife Esther 
 A., d. Oct. 31, 1856 ; (2) wife Eliza J., d. Oct. 17, 1865. 
 
 Crafts, Solomon Cook,® Joel K.,' m. Aurelia E. Whitney, March 4, 
 1838 ; she was b. Oct. 4, 1818 ; chil. Martha A., b. April 21, 1841, d. Nov. 
 2, 1842 ; Helen A., h. May 28, 1845 ; Myron H., b. Sept. 21, 1848 ; Oscar 
 A., b. May 5, 1853. Lives in Jackson, Mich. 
 
 Crafts, IIalpii E.,8 llufus,' m. Amelia Minerva Cushman, dau, of 
 Ezra Cushman and Esther Atwater, April 24, 1839 ; lives in Claverack, 
 south of E. G. Crafts; chil. Beta K. Crafts, b. Oct. 19, 1841; Esther 
 Aurelia, b. Sept. 12, 1843, m. Wm. Allshouse ; Ellen Amelia, b. July 25, 
 1845, m. George Collyer ; Mary Emma, b. Aug. 25-, 1846, m. George E. 
 Cook ; Ralph Elmer, b. July 29, 1850 ; Almira Minerva, b. Nov. 4, 1852 ; 
 Lucy Maria, b, Feb, 11, 1855, d, Oct, 25, 1856; George Herbert, b. Mar, 
 19, 1857 ; Myron Cushman, b. Oct, 24, 1860, 
 
221 
 
 Ckafts, Chapman,** Kufus,: m. Almina 1^. Joiu's, dau. ol David Jones, 
 of No. Iladley ; a carpenter ; lives now in Troy, Wis. ; chil. Lucy 31., b. 
 Aug. 11, 18;59. ni. Charles IClkinsj Manj h., b. Nov. 1:5, 1841, m. S. W. 
 Lusk; Charhs II., b. Jan. 11, 1848, d. Sept. U, 1848; Martha May, b. 
 May 9, 1854, d. Sept. 24, 1854. 
 
 Crafts, Gkougk W.,** Rufus," m. Ellen Beach, dan. of AVni. lUach 
 and Eliza Coulter, May 2(t, 1854. He is in trade in Idaho City, Idaho ; 
 child, Myron L., b. July 12, 1855. 
 
 Crafts, Myron IIarwood,'* Rufus,' ni. I\Iiranda Capen, of Endeld, 
 May !•), \SA?> ; living in San Bernadino, Cal., where he is extensively 
 engaged in farming and fruit growing; has served four years as county 
 judge; chil. George II., h. April ;]0, 1844; Nellfe Woods, b. March 28, 
 184G ; Amanda, b. Jan. 1818, d. same day; Harry Gray, b. Sept. 10, 
 1853. Wife INIiranda b. Dec. 19, 1820, d. Sei)t. U, 185G. He m. (2) 
 Eliza Persis Robbins, Oct. IG, 1864; child, Abraltani Lincoln, h. Nov. 16, 
 1865. 
 
 Crafts, Joseph R.,^ Rufus," m. Margaret G. !M. McLean, March 6, 
 1848; lives in Schenectady, N. Y. ; chil. Emma Lucy, b. Aj)ril 2;3, 1849 ; 
 Zachary T., b. July 17, 1.S50 : Joseph Edwin, b. July 27, 1852; Sarah 
 Amelia, b. Aug. 20, 1854; Elvira Ella, h. Aug. is, 1,S57; Albert Wells, 
 h. Oct. 10, 1859; Hattie, b. Oct. 31, ISGI, d. Oct. 16, 1<S64 ; Ida Esther, 
 b. INIay 16, 1864. 
 
 Crafts, Jokl Franklin,''^ Rufus," \n. Celia Stowe, March 28, 1849; 
 chil. ^H</e/i«, b. Aug. 18, 1851, m.. but d. soon after, — July 2, 1869; 
 Jas. Franklin, h. Oct. 8, 1854; Jennie Youny, b. June 19, 1857 ; Tliomas 
 Young^ b. June 4, 1869. He d. Oct. 14, ISiil. 
 ~ Crafts, Rufus Wells, ^^ Rufus," m. Sabra B. Vincent, Nov. 17, 1850; 
 chil. John Dunbar, b. March 17, 1853; Annie Vincent, b. Sept. 26, 1855; 
 Edwin Brinsmade, h. Jan. 2, 1861; Hattie Wells, h. Nov. 20, 1864. 
 Lives in Brooklyn, N. Y., and is sergeant of police. 
 
 Crafts, Charles I.,^ Caleb,''' ni. Almira S. Bowers, July 8, 1846, dau. 
 of Thomas Bovvers and Betsey T. Conry, of >iashua, N. H. ; she was b. 
 April 2, 1823; chil. Myra Ann, h. Feb. 19, 1848; Charles Orlando, h. 
 Nov. 30, 1849; Alii Jane, h. Oct. 7, 1851; Hattie Louisa, b. Feb. 5, 
 1861 ; Maud Bowers, h. Sept. 30, 1866. 
 
 C^rafts, Edward A.,*' Caleb, '^ ni. Martha L. Harwood, dau. of Justus 
 F. Harwood, Sept. 3, 1851; chil. Herbert; Lizzie Clayton, b. June 26, 
 1854. 
 
 Crafts, George M.,** Caleb,''' ni. Laura F. Belden, dan. of William, 
 April 23, 1862 r chil. George Eben, b. May 6, 1861; Harry Caleb, b. Nov. 
 
 6, 1865; Leon Albert, h. Aug. 24, 1869. 
 
 Crafts, Charles Dwigmt,*^ Israel,'' m. (1) Eliza T. Houston; chil. 
 Charles Fierce, b. Oct 15, 1855; Minnie IL, b. May 10, 1858, d. March 
 
 7, 1859 ; Eliza T., d. July 20, 1860, aged 27 : m. (2) Mrs. Mount. 
 Crafts, Luther M.,« Israel,^ m. Elizabeth Perry, dau. of Allen Perry 
 
 and Betsey Wright, July 3, 1857; chil. Allen Ferry, h. June 6, 1859; 
 William Wright, b. Oct. 30, 1861. 
 
222 
 
 Crafts, Austin,^ Justus," m. Mary S. Belden, dau. of Elisha Bclden 
 and Abigail Kellogg, Sept. 3, 1840; a farmer; lives in Claveraok ; chil. 
 Sumner Wesley, b. Sept. 5, 18il ; Francis Austin, h. Oct. 18, 1845; Ellery 
 Jefferson, b. Jan. 1, 1848; Allen Elisha, b. July 18, 1850; Marietta, d. 
 young. 
 
 Ckakts, Graves,''' Justus," m. INIary P., dau. of Waldo R. Eastman; 
 chil. Fred. Alton, h. April 26, 1859; Henry Lorein, b. Nov. 28, 18(30; 
 Charles Aiestin, b. Oct. C, 1864. He moved to Ludlow. 
 
 Crafts, Luman S.,* Gad,^ m. Lorina T. Anderson, dau. of Ilerrick, 
 May 29, 1855; ch\\. Lizzie Mary, b. June 22*, 1857, d. Aliril 29, 1865; 
 Franh Anderson, b. July 8, 1859; Etta Clarissa, b. April 1, 1861 ; Carl- 
 ion Herrick, b. May 11, T866 ; Edson Stratlon, b. April 11, 1868. 
 * Crafts, Chestkr Graves, ^ Gad,^ m. Jane Graves, dau. of Plina 
 Graves and Lucinda Field, Sept. 17, 1856. He built a house near the 
 depot and has for some years been station agent, and a dealer in lumber, 
 fertilizers, &e. 
 
 Crafts, Sylvanus,^ Gad,' m. Caroline A. Smith, dau. of Henry Smith, 
 Nov. 28, 1867; chil. Flora Hill, b, July 7, 1869; Lena Maria, b. Feb. 
 13, 1871. 
 
 Crafts, Freeman A.,*^ Gad,' m. Martha Edson, dau. of Harris Edson, 
 Oct. 8, 1867. He is a carpenter; chil. Charles, b. July 14, 1869; Ivate 
 Electa, b. May 22, 1871. 
 
 Crafts, Reuben,^ Erastus,' m. (1) Lucinda Graves, dau. of Plyna, 
 May 20, 1846 ; chil. Elizabeth Charlotte, b. March 24, 1847, d. Sept. 7, 
 1848; Henry Merriam, b. March 31, 1849; Elizabeth Charlotte, b. May 
 25, 1851, m. Cliarles 11. Crafts. Wife Lucinda d. Sept. 20, 1851. aged 
 26; ra. (2) Sarah Hill; {An\. Franklin ; Alice; Leon. He has removed 
 to New Bedford. 
 
 Crafts, Alonzo,^ Erastus,' m. Caroline Amanda, dau. of Moses O. 
 Felton and Susan Cumniings, Oct. 1, 1864. She was b. Feb. 23, 1827. 
 
 Crafts, Water, s Erastus,''' m. Lucy Alexander, dau. of George Alex- 
 ander, and ALiry Lyman, Jan. 1, 1851. She was b. Feb. 28, 1823; lives 
 in the Lane with his father ; child, Lyman Alexander, b. Oct. 28, 1854. 
 
 Crafts, IIodolpiius,^ Erastus," m. Fanny Thayer ; child, Lewis Porter, 
 He d. Dec. 7, 1861. Family live in Bernardston. 
 
 Crafts, Charles 11.,'-' James M.,8 m. Elizabeth C. Crafts, dau. of 
 Reuben and Lucinda, June 21, 1870; child, Cora Louise, h. Aug. 22, 1871. 
 
 Crafts, Irving Browne,^ James M.*^; m. IMinerva Scott Field, dau. 
 of Franklin Field and Alma Scott, Nov. 24, 1868. She was b. June 25, 
 1845. 
 
 Crafts, John M.,'J Elbridge G.,^ m. Luanna E. Bardwell, dau. of 
 Chester Bardwell and Lucinda Mather, Nov. 2, 1868; child, infant ; d. 
 young; wife Luanna 1). d. April 20, 1871. 
 
 Crafts, Bela Kellogg,'-* Raljjh E.,^ m. Juliet M. Cook, dau. of James 
 Cook and Angeline Kellogg, Jan. 25, 1865; chil. Fanny Angeline, b. Mar. 
 24, 1867; iioo children, b. Jan. 10, 1870, d. Jan. 1870. 
 
 Crafts, Edward C.,^ David, ^ m. Mary L. Cbilds, dau. of Henry 
 
223 
 
 Chilcls and Mary Graves, Jan. 28, 1809 ; child, llamj Clinton, b. Feb, 8, 
 1870. 
 
 Crump, James A., 1843, born in England, 1819; harness-maker; rem. 
 to Newark, N. J. He m. Nov. 24, 1844, Julia Bruce, dau. of Cliester ; 
 chil. Marl Isabel, b. Aug. 27, 1S45 ; James A., b. Dec. IG, 184G ; Oeorge 
 W., b. March 13, 1849, d. young; Julia Annette, b, Nov. 25, 18o0, d. 
 young; George Harlan, b. Oct. IG, 1852, d. young. 
 
 Crnris, IIosea, 1770, from New Marlborough, Ct. ; lived west of Pop- 
 lar hill; wife, Susanna; chil. IIosea, bap. Aug. 27, 1775; Lucy, bap. Aug. 
 27, 1775; Dorus. Molly Curtis d. March 28, 177G, aged 13. 
 
 Cutler, James; blacksmith; rem. to Hatfield. He m. a daughter of 
 Thomas Clark; chil. Thomas Clark; Lorenzo Doiv, ni. I'anielia Clapp ; 
 Mary; Angeline; James Dexter, m. Eliza Billings. 
 
 Daugiierty, Samuel, 180G, a painter; rem. to Jjclchcrtown ; chil. 
 Angelina, b. Oct. 31, 180G ; Alonzo ; Caroline. 
 
 Dickinson. — The several families of this name in Whately are descended 
 from Nathaniel Dickinson, of Wethersfield, Ct., who came to Hadley, 
 1059 ; rem. to Hatfield, but d. in Hadley, »June 10, 1070. Freeman, 1001 ; 
 deacon; recorder. His wife was Anne. From his son Samuel are 
 descended Closes, (iidcon. and Abner ; from his son Xathaniel is de- 
 scended Dr. Benjamin ; and fVoiu his son Joseph is descended Joel. His 
 son, Azariah, was k. in the Swamp Fight \v. Whately, Aug. 25, 1075. 
 
 Dickinson, Moses, 4 Samuel,-' Samuel,- Nathaniel, i b. Sept. 28, 1711; 
 built a dairy-house in Whately, in the orchard west of wid. Orrin Dick- 
 inson's. He m. Oct. 24, 1737, Anna Smith, dau. of Joseph and his wife 
 Canada Wait; she d. March 7, 1804, aged 92; chil. Samuel, h. March 9, 
 1749 ; Rebecca ; Miriam, m. Silas Billings ; Irena ; Anna, m. John Bullard; 
 Martha, m. William iNIather. 
 
 Dickinson, Samuel,^ Moses,'. d. July 24, 1803. Hem. Feb. 8, 1774, 
 Mary Dickinson, dau. of Salmon, b. Dec. 15, 1754, d. April 15, 1842; 
 chil. Charles, b. April 2, 1779, d. Oct. 23, 1858, unm. ; Moses, b. Mar. 2, 
 1781 ; Oliver, h. Oct. 23, 1782. 
 
 Dickinson, Moses, ^ Samuel,'' lived on the place now owned by his 
 children ; d. July 29, 1812. He m. Mary Graves, dau. of David, who d. 
 Aug. 20, 1820; chil. Samuel, b. Sept. 25, 1803; Mary, b. Nov. 9, 1804; 
 Horace, b. May 9, 1806, d. July 10, 1870, unm. ; Louisa, b. Aug. 10, 
 1808, m. Lemuel A. Wait; Sophia, b. July 18, 1809, m. Dennis Taylor; 
 Irene, b. Feb. 24, 1811. 
 
 Dickinson, Oliver,** Samuel,'' built where the wid. of Orrin now lives; 
 d. Feb. 11, 1852. He m. April 19, 1810, Judith Scott, dau. of Abel ; 
 chil. Om/i, b. Nov. 20, 1811; Dwight, b. Sept. 12, 1814, d. Dec. 10, 
 1848; Mary Ann, b. Aug. 7, 1810, d. May 25, 184G ; Oliver. 
 
 Dickinson, Orrin," Oliver ;« wife, ; chil. Dwight; Charles; 
 
 George. 
 
 Dickinson, Gideon,^ Gideon,' Nathaniel, ^ Samuel, ~ Nathaniel,' h. 
 Dec. 29, 1744. As eaHy as 177(», he bought the farm known as the Dexter 
 Dickinson place ; selectman five years; d. Sept. 2, 1811. He m. Lydia 
 
224 
 
 Dickinson, dau. of Daniel, b. Nov. 21, 174G, d. Aug. 8, 1812; chil. Lydia, 
 m. Abijah Harding; Asa, bap. Feb. G, 177-1; Dunid, b. Aug. 28, 1778; 
 Gideon, bap. Aug. 3, 1781; Bulh, b. 1784, ra. William Barnard; Dexter, 
 b. June 12, 1788; Giles, b. July 30, 1790; others d. young. 
 
 Dickinson, As.\,'5 Gideon,^ d. April 10, 1843. He m. Poll}" Hopkins, 
 dau. of Seth, of Conway ; chil. m/art<,' b. 1810; Seth, h. 1812; Merrick, 
 b. Jan. 30, 1814; Lydia, b. July, 1815; Asa, b. Nov. .s, 1818; Wells, b. 
 April, 1821 ; Ruth, b. July, 1823, d. young. 
 
 Dickinson, Daniel,*' Gideon, ^ lived where E. C. Allis now lives ; d, 
 Nov. 4, 1830. He m. Nov. 9, 1813, Polly Scott, dau. of Selah ; she d. 
 Sept. 7, 18o9, aged 75; chil. Dermis, b. 1814; Electa, b. July 30, 1816, 
 m. Jerre Graves; Elvira, b. May 28, 1818, d. young; Bnfus, b. Aug. 
 29, 1819; Elvira, b. Aug. 28, 1821, m. Elliot C. Allis; Esther, b. Nov. 
 
 7, 1823, m. Thomas L. Allis; Daniel, b. July 10, 1826. 
 
 Dickinson, (Jideon,*^ Gideon,'' d. 1871. He m. July 1, 1813, Demis 
 Wait, dau. of Elihu ; chil. Champion, m. Julia Osborne; Clementine, m. 
 Horace Graves ; Hamilton, m. Hepzibah Cook ; Gideon; Demis; Sylvester, 
 d. 1871. 
 
 Dickinson, Dexter,6 Gideon,^ lived on the homestead; d. March 4, 
 1868. He n>. Dency Whitney, dau. of Jonathan, b. Aug. 6, 1796, d. Aug. 
 23, 1851; chil. Lucy W., b. Nov. 30, 1818, m. Charles B. Stearns, of 
 Conway; Jonathan W., b. March 23, 1823; Lorenzo, b. March 14, 1827, 
 d. July 19, 1850. 
 
 Dickinson, Giles,'' Gideon,'' lived a few rods west of the old home- 
 stead ; d. Oct. 16, 1865. He m. (1) June 1, 1820, Sarah Bardwell, dau. 
 of Chester, who d. April 13, 1826 ; (2) Julia Bardwell, dau. of Chester, 
 who d. Nov. 2, 1845; chil. Clarissa, b. July 26, 1821, m. Merrick 
 Dickinson; CaZe6, b. July 8, 1823; Levi, b. July 22, 1825, d. Aug. 31, 
 1847 ; Sarah, b. Dec. 23, 1828, m. D. Eoster Bardwell; Jidiaette, b. Feb. 
 
 8, 1831, m. Frank Bigelow ; Otis, b. June 16, 1833, d. June 14, 1841; 
 Myron, b. Jan. 21,..1836; Foster, b. Nov. 15, 1838. 
 
 Dickinson, Seth,7 Asa.e rem. to Peru, Vt. He m. (1) Sarah Stanley, 
 who d. Nov. 9, 1851 ; (2) Feb. 10, 1853, Laura Miner, of Windsor, Mass ; 
 chil. Lydia Anna, b. June 8, 1848 ; Liunan Pease, b. July 20, 1855 ; Wells, 
 b. June 17, 1857. 
 
 Dickinson, Merrick,'' Asa,6 rem. West; m. Dec. 18, 1841, Clarissa 
 Dickinson; chil. Otis B., b. Aug. 20, 1842; Arthur D., b. Feb. 10, 
 1847. 
 
 Dickinson, Asa,^ Asa,« lives on the Lyman Harding place; m. Fanny 
 Kentfield, dau. of Samuel; child, Arthur, b. Feb. 15, 1848. 
 
 Dickinson, Dennis,^ Daniel,* lives on the Dr. Bardwell place; town 
 clerk; post-master; m. June 18, 1851, Elvira Graves, dau. of Levi and 
 Editha ; chil. Daniel, b. May 25, 1852, d. Sept. 28, 1852 ; Ella Scanderlin, 
 adopted, b. 1853, d. July 2, 1864. 
 
 Dickinson, Rufus," Daniel,6 lives on Spruce hill : ni. April 25, 1844, 
 Julia S. Mather, dau. of Joseph ; chil. Mary Jane,' b. April 24, 1845, m. 
 Matthew Farrell ; George, b. July 21, 1846; Frank, b. Nov. 9, 1850. 
 
Dickinson, Daniel,' Daniel;" carpenter; Uvea on the Graves Crafts 
 place; m. Jan. 1, 1856, Amanda M. Crafts, dau. of Cotton. 
 
 DiCKiNSOX, JoxATiiAiii W.,^ Dexter,G lives on the old homestead; ra. 
 May 1, 1850, Ophelia E. Bartlett, dau. of Dexter, b. Oct. 27, 1830, d. 
 March 22, 1872; chil. Lucij, b. Jan. 28, 1852; John Wilkie, h. Oct. 11, 
 185-i ; Lizzie Josephine, b. May 15, 1859 ; George Sherman, b. July 29, 
 1863. 
 
 DiCKixsox, Caleb, 7 Giles,'' rem. to Hatfield. He m. Jan. 4, 1849, 
 Almaria L. Rice, dau. of Kodolphus, b. June 14, 1827 ; chil. Edgar 11. , 
 b. Dec. 15, 1849, m. Jan. 4, 1871, Josephine L. Snow; Amelia J., b. Mar. 
 5, 1852; Charlotte B., b. June 4, 1859; Sarah B., b. May 28, 1862; 
 Alfred M., b. Aug. 21, 1864; Frank C, b. Oct. 15, 1869. 
 
 DiCKixsox, Mykox,' Giles," rem. to Conway. He m. July 13, 1862, 
 Laura Lee; chil. Alice L., b. May 11, 1863, d. Sept. 22, 1865; Annie L., 
 b. Nov. 20, 1867 ; Harry Foster, h. June 3, 1870. 
 
 DiCKixsox, George,^ Rufus,' lives on Spruce hill ; m. April 5, 1871, 
 Myra E. Fairfield, dau. of George W. 
 
 DiCKixsox, Abxku,'' Ebenezer,'' Samuel, 2 Nathaniel,! b. Jan. 6, 1724, 
 In ^lay, 1772, he built a house south of Lyman Dickinson's ; d. Sept. 28, 
 1799. He m. Sarah Smith, dau. of John and Elizabeth ; slie d. May 27, 
 1813, aged 83; chil. Ebenezer ; Mary; Apphia ; Jehu, b. May 8, 1758; 
 Betsey, m. Joel Smith; Hannah, m. Abner Nash; Abner, b. Sept. 8, 
 1766; Alpheus, h. 'Nov. 10, 1768; Content, b. May, 1773, m. Sept. 12, 
 1799, Joseph Sanderson. 
 
 DiCKixsox, Jehu,^ Abner,'' lived on the homestead ; a blacksmith ; d. 
 Oct. 26, 1814. He m. Eleanor Pomeroy, b. Dec. 11, 1760, d. Nov. 15, 
 1851; chil. Sarah, b. Feb. 19, 1784, m. David Graves; Enrotas, b. Jan. 
 21, 1787 ; Adency, h. April 16, 1790, m. Lewis Morton ; Delia, h. Dec. 6. 
 1792, ra. Luther Gunn ; Lyvian, b. June 24, 1795 ; Noali, b. Jan. 22, 1797, 
 d. Dec. 26, 1814; Jehn, b. Sept. 22, 1801, d. Sept. 16, 1804. 
 
 DiCKixsox, Abner, ^ Abner,^ m. Nov. 14, 1799, Mai-tha Wells ; chil. 
 Semantha, b. Sept. 2, 1800; Jonathan; Wells; Eliza. 
 
 DiCKixsox, Alpheus,'' Abner,'' removed to Preston, N. Y. He m. 
 
 1795, IMartha Murphy, b. May 27, 1775; chil. Rodolphus, b. Jan. 9, 
 
 1796, d. April 2, 1797 ; Rodolphus, b. Dec. 28, 1797, grad. at Coll., 
 
 M. C. from Sixth Dist., Ohio, 1846-49, d. in Washington, D. C, March 
 19, 1849; Alexandria, b. April 29, 1800; Alpheus Champion, b. April 
 16, 1802, d. Aug. 12, 1812; Obed Day, b. June 25, 1804; Martha Electa, 
 b. May 14, 1808; Sarah Smith, b. April 30, 1810; Statira Almira, b. 
 April 12, 1812. 
 
 Dickinson, Eurotas,*' Jehu,'' lived on tlie homestead ; then bought 
 the brick house built by Reuben Winchell. He m. Sally Allis, dau. of 
 Col. Josiah; chil. Uenry A., b. Oct. 27, 1812, m. Sarah Bartlett, lives in 
 Monticello, Ga. ; Jehu Pomeroy, b. Jan. 17, 1815; Mary Ann W., b. Sept, 
 14, 1816, d. Feb. 7, 1820; Thomas S., b. July 24, 1818; Elial Allen, h. 
 Feb. 5, 1820; Salmon White, b. May 7, 1822; Mary Almira, b. April 12, 
 
 DD 
 
226 
 
 1825, (1. Aug. 10, 1827; Sarah Ann, b. June 13, 1827; George E.,h. 
 June 21, 1829 ; Mary A.,h. Aug. 4, 1833. 
 
 Dickinson, Lyman,^ Jehu, ^ lives near the old hom6stead ; m. Jan. 14, 
 1819, Experience Graves, dau. of Moses, who d. Feb. 23, 1850; chil. 
 Noah, b. Sept. 5, 1820; Louisa, b. Dec. 26, 1821; Ashley G., b. March 
 8, 1824; Julia Ann, b. May 6, 1826, d. July 12, 1832; Lyman M., b. 
 Sept. 25, 1828; Hiram. 
 
 Dickinson, Jehu P.,^ Eurotas," d. July 14, 1861. Hem. (1) March 
 22, 1840, Fanny Bardwell, of Hatfield, d. Jan. 15, 1846 ; (2) Sept. 15, 
 1846, Sarah Amelia Sanderson; chil. Henry A., b. May 11, 1841, d. in 
 the army; Dwight L., b. July 2, 1843; Fanny S., b. Jan. 9, 1846, m. 
 George A. Smith, of Coleraine ; Joseph, b. Jan. 12, 1851; MaryE.,h. 
 Oct. 6, 1854; Clara A., b. Jan. 16, 1856. 
 
 Dickinson, Thomas S.,^ Eurotas," rem. to Conway; m. Jan. 4, 1843, 
 Mary S. Marsh; chil. Alice C., h. Nov. 16, 1843, m. Daniel Burnett ; 
 George B., b. Feb. 14, 1857 ; Frederick D., b. May 6, 1868. 
 
 Dickinson, Elial A.,^ Eurotas,^ rem. to So. Hadley ; m. Nov. 17, 
 1842, Sophia A. Bardwell, of Hatfield; chil. Ann Eliza, b. Aug, 22, 1844, 
 d. July 4, 1862; Charles A., b. Oct. 12, 1846; Sarah S., b. Sept. 16, 
 1848; Cterewce 5., b. Sept. 17, 1850, d. March 13, 1851; son, b. Feb. 
 21, 1853, d.; Louisa A., b. April 23, 1856; Clarence S., b. Oct. 4, 
 1858. 
 
 Dickinson, Salmon W.,'' Eurotas," lives in Amherst; m. Nov. 22, 
 1853, Sarah Hyde, of A.; chil. Jennie Mary, b. June 10, 1856; Anna 
 White, b. Sept. 17, 1862. 
 
 Dickinson, George E.,^ Eurotas,'' lives at Florence; m. July 8, 1868, 
 Emma A. Hayden. 
 
 Dickinson, Noah,' Lyman," m. April 9, 1850, Adaline Scott ; chil. 
 Mary Esther; Nettie Maria ; Hiram; Herbert. 
 
 Dickinson, Ashley G.,'^ Lyman,'' lives in Westfield ; m. Dec. 5, 1855, 
 Jane H. Stebbins, of Deerfield ; chil. Gertrude L., h. Dec. 26, 1856; 
 William A., b. Oct. 8, 1858; Kiitie M., b. April 17, 1862; Jennie S., b. 
 Feb. 24, 1864. 
 
 Dickinson, Benjamin,^ M. D., 1787—1804, Benjamin, 4 Nathaniel, 3 
 Nathaniel, '2 Nathaniel;! from Sunderland; lived in the Lane; rem. to 
 Hudson, N. Y. ; wife, Sarah; chil. Charles, b. May 10, 1774; Justus, b. 
 Jan. 8, 1780; Sarah, b. Aug. 22, 1788; Levinus, b. Sept. 10, 1792. 
 
 Dickinson, Charles,*' Benjamin,^ M. D., a saddler; kept tavern where 
 Sylvester and Horace Graves now live; rem. to Heath. He ra. Oct. 30, 
 1798, Sarah Wells, dau. of Rev. Rufus ; child, Bufus Wells, b. Feb. 15, 
 1800. 
 
 Dickinson, Joel,4 Nathaniel, 3 Joseph, 2 Nathaniel,' 1752. (See p. 
 61.) Ho was b. March 23, 1716; rem. to Conway; chil. Elias ; Joel; 
 Nathaniel; Reuben; Mabel; Rachel; Betsey. 
 
 DoANE, Samuel; from Eastham ; son of Samuel; b. June 22, 1808; 
 m. March 17, 1831, Miranda Crafts, dau. of Reuben; chil. Charlotte M., 
 b. Sept. 22, 1831, d. July 7, 1843; Lucius P., b. Sept. 20, 1833; Levi 
 
227 
 
 W. L., b. Oct. 2, 1835, m. Mary E. Phillips ; Oscar L., h. Sept. 7, 1838, 
 d. in the army. 
 
 DoxovAN, Edmund, son of John, b. Nov. 1, 1820; lives on the Euro- 
 tas Dickinson phice. lie m. Catharine Mason, dau. of George ; ohil. John, 
 b. Dec. 16, 1810; Eliza, b. July 20, 1848; James, b. July .'31, 1850; 
 Catharine, b. Oct. 15, 1852; 3Iart/ A., b. Oct. 15, 1854; Edward, h. Oct. 
 IG, 1859; Peter, h. Nov. 23, 18G1. 
 
 Eaton, Asa, 1788, a cooper; taxed on " faculty," 1789, £0 Is. 
 
 Eaton Jessk, 1788, a brother of Asa and William. 
 
 Eaton, William, 178.S, a blacksmith; lived in the Straits ; chil. ylsa, 
 m. 1794, Polly Fisk, of Wendell; Joseph; perhaps others. 
 
 Edson, Samuel,' Salem, 1G39 ; rem. to Bridgewater; deacon; rep.; 
 m. Susanna Orcutt. Edson, Joseph, 2 East Bridgewater; m. (I) Experi- 
 ence Field; (2) Mary Turner. Edson, Timothy,'^ m. 1719, Mary Alden, 
 dau. of Joseph. 
 
 Edson, Jonathan,' 1773; b. 1728, Stafford, Ct. ; rem. to Ashfield, 
 thence to Whately ; built a house east of the S. C. school-house ; d. Feb. 
 13, 1805. He m. Mehitable Lilly; she d. June 20, 1805, aged 77; chil. 
 Timotluj ; Jonathan; Mehitahle, b. May 11, 1751, m. Martin Graves; 
 Hannah, m. Paul Belden, Jr. ; Sarah, h. 1757, lu. Russell AUis ; Folli/, in. 
 John Bardwell ; Olive, m. Thomas Smith; Amasa, b. April 13, 17G3; 
 Samuel, m. Miriam Edson. 
 
 Edson, Ti.mothy,-'' rem. to Brookfield, Vt., and d. Sept. 30, 1834. 
 He in. (1) Dec. 23, 1790, Hannah Bardwell; she d. Sept. 13, 1798; (2) 
 Oct. 24, 1799, Mercy Graves ; she d. March 25, 1841 ; chil. Justus, bap. 
 July 15, 1793, m. (1) Polly Paine ; (2) wid. Chamberlain; Sarah ; Elijah, 
 
 m. Dency White; Hannah, m. Normas Goodale ; fjinus ; Electa, m. 
 
 Edson ; Betsey, m. Hiram Webb ; Chester. 
 
 Edson, Jonathan ;•"■ he and his bro. Amasa lived on Dry hill; rem. to 
 Brookfield, Vt. ; in. Rebecca Graves, dau. of Oliver; chil. Anna, m. Joel 
 Brown ; Salmon, bap. June 25, 178G, m. Mary White ; Jonathan, m. Polly 
 Edson; Sophia, m. (1) Horatio Crane; (2) Simon Cotton; Lucius, in. 
 Matilda Ainsworth ; Betsey. 
 
 Edson, Amasa, •'' after the b. of his fourth child rem. to Brookfield, Vt. ; 
 d. Feb. 9, 1853. He in. Dec. 14, 178G, Hannah Morton, dau. of Oliver; 
 chil. Jerah, b, April 11, 1788, in. Sophia Stiles ; Harris, b. Aug. 21, 1791 ; 
 Polly, b. Sept. 29, 1793, in. Salmon Edson; Oliver, b, Sept. 22, 179G ; 
 Lura, b. Sept. 1, 1798, m. Spencer Graves; Emily, b, Dec. 14, 1800, m. 
 Caleb A. Stratton ; Sophila, b. Nov. 13, 1803, m. Elijah Lyman; Hannah, 
 b. Oct. 10, 180G, ni. Reuben Peck. 
 
 Edson, Hakkis," m. (1) Mary Thatcher; shed. Sept. 8, 1834; (2) 
 Jan. 29, 1835, Emily Thatcher ; she d. Aug. 15, 18G7 ; chil. George H., 
 b. Aug. 30, 182G, d. May 1, 1865; Martha M., b. May 26, 1828, d. July 
 8, 1831; Eliza, b. Feb. 24, 1831, d. Aug. G, 1857; Mary, b. Mar. 4, 1833, 
 d. younQ] •Abert E., h. Feb. 10, 1834, d. young; Charles M., b. Jan. 5, 
 1837, d. June G, 1838; Catharine T., b. June 11, 1837, d. Oct. 25, ISG5; 
 
228 
 
 Eenry, b. Nov. 13, 1838, d. young; Charles A., b. Dec. 14, 1840, d. 
 March 7, 18G4; Martha A., b. May 19, 1843, m. Freeman A. Crafts; 
 Edwin T., b. Aug. 31, 1848, d. Sept. 6, 1856. 
 
 Elder, William. i Elder, John,- b. April lo, 1791 ; m. Jan. 13, 
 1814, Anna Chamberlain ; chil. William C, b. July 15, 1815; Abigail F., 
 b. Sept. 27, 1817, m. Silas Crafts; Rosivell, h. Oct. 17, 1819; Walter, b. 
 June 18, 1822 ; John, b. Oct. 11, 1825 ; Nathan, b. Nov. 22, 1828 ; Austin, 
 b. April 18, 1830; Julia Ann, h. March 4, 1832, m. Charles Dyer ; James 
 Austin, h. July 17, 1833; Charles M., b. Nov. 5, 1837. 
 
 Elder, Walter,^ m. (1) Dec. 5, 1844, .Maria Stanley; she d. May 13, 
 1863 ; (2) July 24, 1865, Ann Eliza Wait, dau. of Joel and Nancy ; chil. 
 Clarence, b. Sept. 24, 1846, d. Feb. 16, 1851 ; Clinton DeWitt, b. June 
 14, 1849, d. Sept. G, 1860; Nellie M., b. Aug. 4, 1857. 
 
 Elder, James Austin, -^ ra. March 31, 1857, Ruth S. Crafts, dau. of 
 Eli and Louisa; chil. George A., b. May 13, 1858 ; Annie L., b. Feb. 24, 
 1860; Eenrtj Clinton, b. Feb. 17, 1864. 
 
 Emmons, Richard, M. D., 1812-15; teacher in S. W. District; prac- 
 ticed medicine ; rem. to Washington, D. C. 
 
 Faikchild, Edward Baxter, Rev. ; grad. Meadville, Pa. ; settled at 
 Sterling ; chap. 34th Reg. Inf. M. V. ; enl. Aug. 8, '62, resigned July 3, 
 
 '63; in Whately, 1865-68; rem. to Stoneham ; b. in Sunderland; m. 
 
 Smith, of Meadville. 
 
 Farrell, Matthew, b. 1837 ; son of John and Julia ; m. Mary Jane 
 Dickinson, dau. of Rufus and Julia; she d. Feb. 13, 1866.; child, Emma, 
 b. July 16, 1865. 
 
 Faxon, Thomas ; perhaps from Braintree, through Leicester ; lived on 
 
 Staddle hill; rem. to Deerfield ; veife-, ; chil. Thomas; Jacob Allen, 
 
 m. Lydia ; Reuben; Calvin; Samuel; Bathsheba ; Ruth. 
 
 Fay, William, Capt., 1809-31 ; from Mason Village, N. H. ; carpen- 
 ter; lived in the Straits ; rem. to the West; Tvife, ^ ; chil. Augustus; 
 
 Julia Ann; and others. 
 
 Ferguson, John, Rev., b. Dunse, Scotland, Dec. 9, 1788; d. Nov, 
 11, 1858. He m. (1) Mary V. Ilammet, Newport, R. I. ; (2) Margaret S. 
 Eddy, of Providence, R. 1. ; she d. May 6, 1871; chil. John, b. Jan. 1, 
 1815, m. Sarah Moore; Margaret, b. Nov. 11, 1816, d. Dec. 19, 1819; 
 Martj H., b. Feb. 25, 1820, m. Charles D. Stockbridge ; Peter, b. Dec. 
 13, 1821, d. Oct. 14, 1822; Peter, b. July 20, 1823, m. M. J. Bixby, of 
 Keene, N. H. ; William E., b. April 1, 1825, ra. Lizzie Sawtelle, d. June 
 6,1854; George R., b. March 19, 1829, m, Susan Pratt, of Andover; 
 Margaret E., b. Dec. 9, 1830, m. H. B. Allen, of New Haven, Ct. ; James 
 A., b. Nov. 17, 1832, m. Claudia Churchill, of New Orleans, La. ; Anna 
 B., b. May 3, 1835, d. Aug. 6, 1840; Abby Park, b. April 4, 1837. 
 
 Field, Zechariah,! in Hartford, Ct., 1639 ; rem. 1659 to Northamp- 
 ton ; rem. 1663, to Hatfield. Field, John,'- m. Dec. 17, 1670, Mary 
 Edwards, of Northampton. Field, John,3 b. May 11, 1672, m. Sarah 
 Coleman, of HatGeld. Field, Eliakim,4 b. Nov. 27, 1711, m. Esther 
 
229 
 
 Graves, dau. of David and Abigail; chil. Zenas, b. Aug. 10, 1753; Sarah, 
 b. April 22, 1755, m. David Scott; Zilpuli, b. Nov. 13, 175(), m. Abner 
 Loouiis ; Itlioda, b. Oct. 2(5, 1758, m. Elisha Wait; John, b. Aug. 25, 
 17G0; Abigail, b. July 21, 17()2, m. Roger Dickinson; David, b. April 
 11, 17G-4; Esther, b. Apr. 4, 17G7 ; Hannah, b. June 21, 17G9, in. (1) 
 Samuel Gi'inies ; (2) Oliver Cooley. 
 
 Field, Zenas, ^ settled where Paul W. Field now lives ; d. July 3, 1819. 
 He ra. (1) March 12, 1778, Sarah Burroughs; she d. Sept. 10, 1810, aged 
 53; m. (2) June 2, 1811, Lydia Catlicart ; she d. May 2, 1850, aged 85 ; 
 chil. Lijdia, b. Sept. 17, 1782, d. June 12, 1787 ; Orange, b. Dec. 2, 1784, 
 d. June 14, 1787; John, b. Sept. 10, 1786, d. May 27, 1787; Lydia, b. 
 June 8, 1788, m. Eli Judd ; Orange, b. Feb. 22, 17')0; John, b. Oct. 10, 
 1792; Rhoda, b. Nov. 21, 1794, in. Joel Burroughs ; Zenas, b. Sept. 22, 
 
 179G, m. Drake; Sarah, b. Nov. 11, 1798, m. lleber Eggleston ; 
 
 Esther, b. Sept. 21, 1800, m. John Bridgcman. 
 
 Field, Orange,'^ m. April 8, 1811, Rhoda Graves, dau. of John. 
 
 Field, Johx,'^ m. Nov. 17, 181G, Abigail Warner; chil. Cli/mena, b. 
 May 2G, 1817, ni. Cornelius Poineroy, of Southampton; raid Warner, b. 
 May 30, 1819, d. March 26, 1821 ; infant, b. Sept. 3, 1821 ; Paid Warner, 
 b. Dec. 19, 1823 ; infant, b. Nov. 29, 1827 ; John Wright, b. April 12, 
 1830, d. March 16, 1832; Lemuel Dates, b. July 2^, 1832; John Wright, 
 b. :March 16, 1835. 
 
 Field, Paul W.,' lives on the old homestead; m. Aug. 22, 1847, Julia 
 M. Damon; chil. Salma Watso7i, b. July 27, 1851 ; Frank Wai-ner, b. Feb. 
 15, 1853 ; Charles Henry, b. Nov. 15, 1855 ; Effie Eosella, b. Feb. 28, 
 1858. 
 
 Field, Noaii.-'' Moses, 4 Ebenczer,^ Samuel, ^ Zechariah.i 1773; from 
 Conway; d. July 8, 1797, aged 4G. He m. Aug. 19, 1773, Mary Brown; 
 chil. Noah, b. Aug. 13, 1775, d. July 19, 1813; Edward, b. Feb. 6, 1780; 
 Obed, joined the Shakers, Shelby, N. Y. ; Polly, ra. John Clark, of N. Y. ; 
 Charity ; Fanny, m. Silas Smith; Jjucinda, b. May 11, 1790, m. Plyna 
 Graves: Content, m. Sylvanus Clark; Lucy, m. M. Ware, of Buckland. 
 
 Field, William Walter,'' Walter, ^ Jonathan, -^ Joseph, 3 Joseph 2 
 Zechariah,! m. Dec. 23, 1852, Sarah (Sanderson) Frary, wid. of Silas 
 B.; chil. George Divight, b. Sept. 16, 1853; Ida Clary, b. Jan. 28, 
 1858. 
 
 FisiiEK, Benjamin, 1816; wife. Delight; rem. to Brattleboro', Vt. 
 
 Fleming, Thomas, son of William; b. 1836, ra. May 24, 1862, Joiianna 
 Hafey; chil. Katy, b. March 6, 1863; Anne, b. Oct. 31, 1864; Margaret, 
 b. April 25, 1866 ; Nicholas, b. July 10, 1868. 
 
 FooTE, Alden a., son of David, of Conway ; b. 1821, d. June 2, 
 1858. He ra. Jan. 5, 1848, Julia E. Wells, dau. of Calvin; she d. Aug. 
 31, 1858; chW. Lucy Ellen, b. June 24, 1850; Frances Ermina, b. Aug. 
 C, 1855; daughter, b. July 28, 1858. 
 
 Ford, Levi,3 Orrin,2 Lebbeus,i b. Aug. 2, 1832; m. (1) April 2, 1S5G. 
 Nettie Utley ; she d. Jan. s, ISGl ; (2) June 11, 1870, Eliza Bassctt ; chil. 
 Fred Lucius, b. March 25, 1857 ; Mary Alice, b. Feb. 28, i860. 
 
230 
 
 Fox, Horace B.,3 Jared,^ William, i 1834; from Bernardston ; black- 
 smith; lives on the Oliver Morton place; b. May 1, 1813, m. July 2, 
 1835, Hannah S. Sanderson, dau. of Elijah; chil. Albert S., h. Aug. 11, 
 1837 ; W. Irving, b. Dec. 24, 1841. 
 
 Fox, Albert S.,^ m. March 17, 1864, Helen Stacy, dau. of Dr. Phile- 
 mon ; child, Milli/ C, b. Nov. 21, 1865. 
 
 Fox, W. Irving, '1 lives in Newburg, N. Y. ; m. Persis Richards, of 
 Dalton. 
 
 Fox, Selah W.,-"^ bro. of Horace B. ; blacksmith and machinist; m. 
 Mary S. Wood, dau. of Jonathan ; child, AUhea M., b. 1836, m. Charles 
 D. Wait. 
 
 Frary, JonN,i Dedham and Medfield. Frarv, Eleazar,2 settled in 
 Platfield ; m. Mary Graves. Frary, Isaac, 3 m. Lydia Parsons ; chil. 
 Eleazar, b. Dec. 19, 1716; Phinelias, b. April 29, 1718, m. Mary Billings, 
 of Sunderland ; Elisha, b. Aug. 18, 1729 ; and others. 
 
 Frary, Eleazar,4 m. (1) Deborah Chapin ; (2) Margaret Scott; chil. 
 Nathaniel, d. 1832, aged 78 ; Eleazar, b. Jan. 2, 1752, settled in Whately ; 
 SetJi, b. Sept. 2, 1758, settled in Whately; Mary, m. John Wait; Esther, 
 m. David Scott; Sarah, m. Jacob Cooper. 
 
 Frary, Eleazar,^ Eleazar.^ 1774; built where S. M. Frary now lives ; 
 a master of music ; shoemaker; m. Miriam Kellogg, dau. of Joel ; she 
 was b. Dec. 22, 1751; chil. Miriam, b. Jan. 1773, d. young; Joel, b. and 
 d. Oct. 14, 1774; Miriam, b. Sept. 3, 1779, m. Stephen Orcutt, Jr.; 
 Eleazar, b. March, 1783, d. young; Deborah, b. Dec. 4, 1784; Fanny, b. 
 Jan. 22, 1787 ; Hannah, b. Aug. 15, 1789, m. William Baker ; Eleazar, 
 b. April, 1793, drowned June 1, 1796; Otis, b. April 13, 1795. 
 
 Frary, Seth,-'' Captain, Eleazar,^ 1779 ; inherited Noah Coleman's 
 estate, (the J. B. Morton place) ; m. 1779, Esther Scott, dau. of David and 
 Esther; chil. lliomas, b. Feb. 12, 1780; Seth, b. Oct. 27, 1783; Dexter, 
 b. Aug. 10, 1786 ; Esther, b. July 6, 1789, m. Lemuel Cooley ; Lydia, b. 
 Nov. 7, 1792, m. Sylvester Morton ; NoaJi Coleman, b. Jan. 27, 1795, d. 
 young; Electa, b. Oct. 5, 1796, m. Oliver Graves; Eleazar, b. Feb. 3, 
 1799; Patty, b. Dec. 12, 1801, m. Eli Thayer. 
 
 Frarv, Tiiomas,^ Seth,^ rem. to Hatfield; m. Nov. 29, 1801, Sarah 
 Morton, dau. of Justin; chil. Lewis M., b. Jan. 11, 1806, m. Eliza Ann 
 Wait; Minerva, b. Feb. 16, 1808, m. J. R. Abbott; George, b. Sept. 10, 
 1811; Miranda, b. Dec. 14, 1813ym. Parmenius Strong; Thomas, b. Feb. 
 8, 1816, d. in the army ; Samuel H., b. May 21, 1818 ; Maria, b. Oct. 11, 
 1825, m. Lucius G. Curtis; Francis, b. Sept. 21, 1828; Wealthy, b. Dec. 
 1, 1830, m. Theodore Porter. 
 
 Frary, Setii,^ Capt., Seth,^ m. Dency Cooley, dau. of Martin ; chil. 
 Giles, d. in Florida, 1844; Cooley; Daniel G., b. March 4, 1817; Pamelia, 
 b. Feb. 28, 1819, m. Benjamin Mather; Roderick, b. Jan. 21, 1821. 
 
 Frary, Dexter,'' Seth,^ lived where S. M. Frary now lives; d. Aug. 
 4,1822. He m. Sept. 22, 1807, Irene Cooley, dau. of Martin; chil. 
 Rebecca, b. Sept. 16, 1809, ra. Wright Smith ; Noah Coleman, b. Sept. 12, 
 1811 ; Robert, b. June 20, 1813 ; Statira Lene, b. Feb. 20, 1815, m. Seth 
 
231 
 
 Warner; Uannali Lovdl, b. May 4, 1817, m. Jolui P. Foss ; Dexter, b. 
 March 4, 1819, d. young; Lydia, b. March 5, 1S20, m. WillLim Childs ; 
 Dexter, b. April 11, 1822. 
 
 Fkauy, Daxikl G.,'^ SeUi,c lives at Seneca, 111. lie m. Caroline 
 Wilkes; chil. Celia P., b. Feb. 10, 1842; Alvah S., h. Au<,'. 7, 1844, d. 
 Vicksburg, July 23, 18Go ; Maggie A., b. March 12, 1848; Helen A., b. 
 Sept. 24, 18:)1. 
 
 Frary, Roderick B.,7 Seth.c m. April 20, 1844, Ann E. Elliott, dau. 
 of George and Lucy, b. March 19, 1824, at Pease Marsh, Eng.<5 chil. 
 Esther C, h. Yah. 4:, ISib; Dicight H., b. April 2, 1847; Lucy C, h. 
 Dec. 9, 1852 ; Emma D., b. Jan. 14, 1858 ; Jioderick i?.,b. Oct. 25, 1861, d. 
 Jan. 26, 1870; Nellie J., b. March 10, 1868; UattieE.,h. J\larch7, 1870. 
 
 Frauy, Noah C.,' Dexter,*"' m. Sarah Ilolbrook ; chil. Elizabeth; Adele ; 
 George ; Mary ; Hannah. 
 
 Frary, Rorkrt,^ m. June 3, 1835, Mcliscent Woods, dau. of Martin ; 
 chil. Arthur Eugene, b. Sept. 17, 1836, m. Julia Jones, d. May 8, 1866 ; 
 Edward Payson, b. Dec. 27, 1838, ni. Fanny Jones ; Charles Woods, h. 
 March 19, 1846, m. Nellie Boyle; Francis Dexter, b. Aug. 21, 1848, d. 
 young; Jane Electa, b. March 12, 1850, d. young; Lilly Augusta, b. May 
 3, 1853. 
 
 Frary, Dextkh,' Dexter,*^ m. Clarissa Frary, dau. of Isaac; chil. 
 WiUiam Henry, h. 3u\y ?i, 1854; Fred. D., b. Feb. 12, 1857; Ellen H., 
 b. Oct. 4, 1858 ; Mary Knoidcs, b. Sept. 17, 1860 ; Albert Lyman, b. Nov. 
 29, 18G3; George H., b. July 29, 1870. 
 
 Frary, Puixeiias,^ Maj., Phinehas,4 Isaac, ^ Eleazar,^ John,' 1775, 
 settled on the Lyman Graves place ; selectman ; rep. ; d. May 27, 1816, aged 
 61. Hem. 1777, Rhoda Morton ; chil. Hilas, b. Aug. 23, 1777; Horace, 
 b. Sept. 12, 1781; Phinehas, b. Sept. 8, 1783; Orange, b. April 8, 1785, 
 ni. Miriam ; lihoda, b. Sept. 11, 1788, m. Justus White. 
 
 Frary, Silas, *j Maj. Phinehas,^ lived south of Lyman Graves ; d. 
 June 6, 1850. He m. (1) Sarah ; (2) Nov. 23, 1820, Clarissa Bard- 
 well, dau. of Noah, d. Sept. 7, 1857; chil. Silas B., b. Sept. 1, 1821; 
 Phinehas D., b. Jan. 16, 1822. 
 
 Frary, Horace," Maj. Phinehas,''^ lived north of his father's; m. Catha- 
 rine Sinmions, dau. of Joshua and Helen; she d. July 10, 1834; chil. 
 Helen Stillman, h. Sept. 18, 1820; Francis, h. Jan. 14, 1822, d. Dec. 18, 
 1851; Soplironia DeWitt, b. Jan. 4, 1825; Oscar, h. April 16, 1828, d. 
 Dec. 3. 1854. 
 
 Frary, Phinehas, " Maj. Phinehas,'' ra. Jan. 17, 1809, Sarah Frary, 
 dau. of Isaac and Sarah ; shed. Feb. 3, 1858; chil. Harriet; Jane, m. 
 L. W. Ilannum; George W. ; Henry, d. Feb. 18, 1849, aged 18. 
 
 Frary, Silas B.,' Silas," d. May 24, 1851. He m. Nov. 12, 1816, 
 Sarah Sanderson, dau. of Rufus. 
 
 FuARY, Phinehas D.,''' Silas," m. May 28, 1844, Sarah Ann Lewis, 
 dau. of William; chil. Clarissa B., b. April 6, 1846, d. young; William 
 Henry, b. May 10, 1849 ; Harriet E., b. May 23, 1851, Silas B., b. Nov. 
 15, 1852. 
 
232 
 
 Frary, Georgr W.,' Pbinehas,6 m. Julia A. Nash, dau. of Abel W. ; 
 chil. Oeorge Wells; Sarah Nash. 
 
 Frary, Elihha4 Lieut.,. Isaac, ^ Eleazar,^ Jolin.i In Jan., 1770, he 
 built a house in an orchard north of wid. Betsey Smith place ; rem. 1798, 
 to Sharon, N. Y. ; d. July 8, 1801. He m. Miriam Warner; chil. Elisha, 
 b. Jan. 17G2 ; Isaac, b. Aug. 22, 1763 ; ElUm, b. Jan. 7, 1766 ; Festus, b. 
 Sept., 1767, m. March 7, 1791, Persis Lull; Miriam, b. March, 1770; 
 Justus, b. Oct., 1771, m. Clarissa Smith ; Lydia, b. Sept., 1773 ; Fhilothete, 
 b. Apu-il, 1775; Dichinson, b. 1777; Jesse, b. Sept., 1780; Hannah, 
 1782 ; Mary, b. 1784. 
 
 Frary, Isaac.s Lieut. Elisha,"* bought the Belding mills ; lived on the 
 Eleazar Frary place ; d. Feb. 4, 1850. He m. Sarah Munson, dau. of 
 Solomon, b. Dec. 11, 1760, d. Oct. 11, 1845 ; chil. Sarah, b. Jan. 16, 1786, 
 d. young; Sarah, h. Nov. 9, 1787, m. Phinohas Frary f Asa, b. Oct. 21, 
 1789; Lucy, b. April 8, 1792, m. William Hale; Almira,h. June 9, 1795, 
 m. Waldo Cleavland, Isaac, b. March 30, 1797 ; Roanna, b. April 12, 
 1799, m. George Lyman; Solomon M., b. March 18, 1802, d. young. 
 
 Frary, Asa,6 Isaac,5 d. Sept. 12, 1866. He m. June 3, 182.S, Lydia 
 Sanderson, of Peru ; chil. Adeliza Lucelia, b. May 14, 1824; Theodore 
 Lyman, h. Feb. 1, 1826; Hervey Hubert, h. Dec. 7, 1827; Sarali Munson, 
 b. Sept. 30, 1831, d. in Orange, Oct. 29, 1851; Annette Maria, b. Nov, 
 19, 1836, m. M. V. Barney, Lawrenceville, N. Y. ; Cornelia White, m. 
 Edward A. Morton, St. Albans, Vt. 
 
 Frary, Isaac,* Isaac, ^ lived on the homestead ; d. March 7, 1866. 
 He m. Sept. 14, 1825, Mary Knowles, dau. of Joshua ; chil, Solomon 
 Munson, b. July IS, 1826; Clarissa, b. June 27, 1828; Mariette, b. June 
 21, 1830, m. J. F. Bannister; Charles, b. Feb. 16, 1834. 
 
 Frary, Theodore L.,^ Asa,*) lives at Jonesvillc, Vt. ; m. Oct. 6, 1853, 
 Mary K. Dustin, of Middlebury, Vt. ; c\\\\, Lillian Dustin, b. June 26, 
 1860; Jennie Gray, b. Jan. 21, 1865; Charles Theodore, b, July 20, 
 1867, 
 
 Frary, Hkijvey II.,''' Asa,*^ lives at Jonesvillc, Vt. ; m. (1) IVIary J. 
 Martin, of Middlebury, Vt. ; she d. Nov. 24, 1853 ; (2) Elizabeth C. White, 
 of Potsdam, N. Y. ; chil. Oeorge Hubert, b. July 25, 1862 ; Edward San- 
 derson, b. Sept. 21, 1866 ; Mary Elizabeth, b. Oct. 20, 1868. 
 
 Frary, Solomon Munson,^ Isaac.f^ lives on the old homestead; m. 
 Aug. 25, 1853, Martha Achilles, dau. of Albert and Nancy, b. Nov. 7, 
 1828; chil. Eugene M., b. April 20, 1854; Charles A., b. Nov. 27, 1856, 
 d. Feb. 20, 1862; Etta C, b. March 28, 1859; Ernest A., b. Jan, 15, 
 1862; Edward N., b. July 29, 1865. 
 
 Frary, Charles,''' Isaac,^ lives at Bernardston ; m. Dec. 2, 1857, IMary 
 A. Dickinson, dau. of Eurotas ; chil. Albert C, b, Oct. 13, 1858; George 
 ^., b. June 16, 1861; Lillian A., b. Feb. 16, 1863; Henry P., b. Oct. 
 13, 1867. 
 
 Fuller, William II. ,4 Samuel Dimmock,^ Samuel, 2 Thomas, i b. i\Iay 
 15, 1817; lives in Canterbury; rep,; m. Sept. 8, 1845, Ruth Brown, dau. 
 of Chester and Patty. 
 
233 
 
 GiBBS, Paul, 180o, lived west of Foster Y. Warner's ; m. Anna Cole- 
 man, dau. of Nathaniel ; she d. March 8, 1823; chil. Elizabeth; Julia; 
 Dency ; Amasa ; Mehilable Coleman. 
 
 Gii-BKHT, Oliver, 1 1788; from Mnrrayfield, now Chester ; lived in the 
 Straits, south of Charles W. Nash's; d. Sept. 4, 1814, aged 91. 
 
 GiLBKUT, JosiAii,2 b. 17;J(), d. April 28, 1844, m. IMary Sinitlj, dau. of 
 Benjamin; she d. Sept. 23, 1844; eliikl, Aldlia, b. June 8, 171)1, m. Jona. 
 Woods. 
 
 Giles, William, b. 17G2, at Boston ; lived with Edward Brown ; adm. 
 to ch. Aug. 10, 1783. 
 
 Goss, , lived in Canterbury, near J. C. Sanderson's ; sold to Dea. 
 
 Thomas Sanderson. 
 
 GuAHAM, James,'- Ira,' b. Oct. G, 1801, rem. to Conn. He ni. ,lune 
 7, 1827, Matilda Smith, dau. of Asa; chil. Ira A., b. May 18, 1828, d. 
 young; Alonzo S., h. July 29, 1830, d. young; Clarissa M., h. March 15, 
 1833, m. John G. Keigwin ; Martha E., b. May 13, 1839, m. Curtis C. 
 Atwell ; Ira A., b. Aug. 14, 1843, m. Bhebe B. Atwell. 
 
 Graves, Thomas, ^ settled in Hartford, Ct. ; rem. to Hatfield, d. Nov. 
 1662; wife Sarah d. Dec. 17, IGGG. 
 
 Graves, Joiin,~ m. (1) Mary Smith, dau. of Lieut. Samuel; (2) wid. 
 Mary Wyatt ; k. by Ind. Sept. 19, 1677. 
 
 Graves, Johx,^ m. Sarah White, dau. of John; d. Dec. 2, 1750. 
 
 Graves, Samuel,^ wife, Sarah; was living on " Bashan" in 1704; d. 
 March 11, 1731. 
 
 Graves, Natfiamkl.'^ m. Rebecca Allis. 
 
 The Whately fatuiics descend from tliese three brothers: Dea. Nathan 
 from John ; David from Samuel ; and Israel and Oliver from Nathaniel. 
 
 Graves, John, 4 John,^ m. May 5, 1715, Jemima Graves; ha.(!i Nathan, 
 b. March 20, 1716. 
 
 Graves, Davi-d,'* Samuel, ^ b. Dec. 9, 1G93, m. Abigail, dau. of Robert 
 Bardwell. He was one of the first settlers in the Straits ; chil. Elijah, 
 b. July 18, 1720; Simeon, b. April 13, 1722; Martha, b. March 7, 1731 ; 
 David, b. June 7, 1733; Matthew, b. Sept. 4, 1735; Abigail, b. 1737; 
 Esther, b. Nov. 29, 1738; Anna, b. 1741; Hannah, b. 1742; Martin, 
 b. May 25, 1744. One of his dau. m. Rev. Mr. Guild. He d. Aug. 25, 
 1781 ; wife Abigail d. Oct. 31, 1786, aged 87. 
 
 Graves, Israel,4 Nathaniel,-' b. 1716; m. Eunice, dau. of John Wait, 
 July 15, 1756; chil. Manj, b. Aug. 18, 1756, d. May 13, 1826; Israel, b. 
 Oct. 23, 1758; Joel, b. Aug. 16, 17G0; Eunice, b. Jan. 12, 1763. He d. 
 Sept. 8, 1773; wife Eunice, Sept. 1, 1802. He lived north-west of where 
 George W' . and Asa J. Crafts now live, — in a house built by Gains 
 Crafts. 
 
 Graves, Oliver,-^ Nathaniel,-' John,- Thomas,' b. abt. 1725, m. Rebecca 
 Smith, dau. of John, Jan. 24, 1764; chil. Helah, b. jNIay 24, 1755^ Rebecca, 
 b. Oct. 19, 1756; Ruth, b. Nov. 4, 1758, m. Josiah Davis; Oliver, b. Feb. 
 9, 1761 ; Martha, b. Jan. 19, 1763; Electa, b. Dec. 27, 1764; Salmon, h. 
 March 24, 17G7 ; Elijah, b. April 24, 1769; Mercy, b. Aug. 27, 1771; 
 
234 
 
 Judith, b. Dec. 27, 1775, m. Asa Smith. He lived where Jerre Graves 
 used to live. He d. Aug. 30, 1810; wife Rebecca, d. Feb. 25, 1825. 
 
 Graves, Nathan, ^ John, 4 b. March 20, 1716, m. Leonard, dau, of 
 Joseph Scott and Lydia Leonard, b. 1726 ; chil. Amasa, b. June 26, 1743, 
 /o^«, b. June 3, 1746, m. Lois Parker; Lydia, b. June 26. 1748, m. 
 Zebediah graves; Elihu, b. May 16, 1750; Jemima, b. Feb. 19, 1752, m. 
 David Ingrain; Nathan, b. July 19, 1754; Asa, b. Sept. 22, 1758, moved 
 to Rntland, Vt. ; Reuben, b. Mar. 16, 1760, m. Lydia Lyon ; Leonard, (dau.) 
 IMarcli 25, 1763, m. Joseph Porter ; Daniel, b. Sept. 26, 1769, rem. to 
 Kiitland. He lived on Chestnut Mountain ; and he and his boys were 
 famous marksmen and hunters. He d. April 2, 1786; wife Leonard, d. 
 June 7, 1784. 
 
 Graves, David, 5 David,-* b. June 7, 1733, m. Mary Smith, ^lay 4, 
 1758; chil. Martha, b. Feb. 13, 1759, m. Abel Scott; Joanna, b. May 21, 
 1760, m. Seth Crafts ; Moses, b. Aug. 12, 1763 ; Abigail, b. Feb. 12, 1767, 
 m. Oliver Graves ; Levi, b. Nov. 7, 1769; Phiheas, h. Aug. 13, 1772; 
 Calvin, b. Oct. 6, 1774, m. Robinson, moved to Brookfield, Vt. ; David, 
 b. June 3, 1777, d. young; Mary, h. Nov. 15, 1778, m. Moses Dickinson.- 
 He d. Dec. 20, 1815 ; wife Margaret, Jan. 2, 1808. He lived where Rufus 
 Graves lives. He built the house in 1768; a part of it was moved from 
 "Bashan." 
 
 Graves, I\LA.TTnEW,5 David,'* m. Hannah Morton, dau. of Daniel; she 
 was b. Sept. 7, 1744; chil. Israel, b. abt. 1760, m. Lydia Wells; Charles, 
 b. abt. 1762, m. Lucy Brown, dau. of Josiah ; Henrietta, b. 1764, m. Reu- 
 ben Crafts; Sophia, m. Josiah Brown, Jr. ; Fanny, b. Dec. 21, 1775, m. 
 Hascall Rainsford, July 12, 1792; Hannah, b. March 8, 1780, m. Dr. 
 Jonathan Johnson, Dec. 28, 1797; Consider, h. 1782, m. Mehitable Wait, 
 moved to Ohio, rem. to Norwich, N. Y. He d. Sept. 10, 1824; wife 
 Hannah, d. March 28, 1813. 
 
 Graves, Martin,-''^ David, 4 m. Mehitable Edson, April 27, 1775. He 
 lived in Christian Lane, where Erastus Crafts now does; chil. Liiciiis, h. 
 Oct. 27, 1776; Mehitable, b. March 24, 1778, d. young; Mehitable, h. 
 March 20, 1779, m. Tliomas Crafis; Simeon, b. Jan. 15, 1781; David, b. 
 Oct. 14, 1782; Jonathan, b. June 9, 1784, d. young; Abigail, b. April, 
 21, 1785, d. young; Jonathan, b. Aug. 13, 1787, d. young; Perez, b. July 
 11, 1788, d. Ai)ril 22, 1871, aged 82 ; Rowlarid, h. Feb. 3, 1791 ; Submit, b. 
 Feb. 5, 1793, d. young. He d. Oct. 20, 1822; wife Mehitable, d. Dec. 
 11, 1836. 
 
 Graves, Simeon, ^ David,' m. Jane . He d. abt. 1800; lived 
 
 north of the Seth Smith place. 
 
 (jRAVEs, Israel, 5 Israel, ■• m. Anna Brown, July 21, 1782; chil. Aritia, 
 b. Nov. 28, 1782; Israel, b. Jan. 21, 1785, m. Zama Nims, moved to 
 Prattsburg, N. Y. ; Charles, b. Nov. 14, 1786, m. Patty Wait, dau. of 
 Nathan, Dec. 16, 1813; Mary, b. Aug. 14, 1788. m Stephen Luc3 ; Horace, 
 b. Aug. 18, 1790, m. Axie Harwood, moved west ; Adency,h. 3»n. 18, 1792, 
 m. Joseph Mather; Luther, b. Jan. 16, 1794, m. three times, lives in 
 Prattsburg, N. Y. ; Matilda, b. Feb. 2, 1796, m. Horace Scott; Epaphro- 
 
235 
 
 dilus, h. Sept. 3, 1798, unm., moved wost; Electa, b. Dec. 3, 1800, m. 
 Jus. P. Cook. Anna, wife of Israel, d. .July 21, 181G ; and lie m. (2) 
 Pbehe Train, June 3, 1817. He lived wlicie \V^alter Elder now lives. 
 
 (Jkavks, Jokl,5 Israel,* m. J^uey Martin; b. Dee. 28, j7CC, ni. 1787; 
 chil. Eleazar, b. Feb. 27, 1788; Alvan, h. July 14, 1790; Sarah, b. Feb. 
 20. 1793; Oamalid, b. March 14, 1796; Almira, b. Sept. 30, 1798; 
 Waller, b. July 25, 1801; Lucy, b. Nov. G, 1801. lie with Lis family 
 moved to Wiliiainstown, Vt. 
 
 Gu.WRS. Skl.\ii,-'' Oliver,' m. Mary Strong; cliil. P/i/iia, b. Feb. 21, 
 
 1786 ; William, h. Nov. 22, 1787, Erastus, h. June 19, 1789 ; Justu.s, h. 
 Feb. 19, 1791: O/tre;-, b. Jan. 27, 1793; Paulina, b. Nov. 23, 1794, d. 
 Nov. 1797; Selah, b. Man-h 10, 1797; raulina, h. April 4, 1799, ni. Bar- 
 nabas G. Alden, Sept. 14, 1835; Martha, h. June 6, 1801, d. Dec. 25, 
 1859; Rodolphus, b. April 7, 1808, m. Luthera Partridge. He d. Aug. 
 31, 1827; wife Mary S., d. Dec. 9, 1839. 
 
 Graves, Olivkr,^ Oliver, ■• ni. Abigail Graves, dau. of David, Jan. 26, 
 1794; chil. Spencer, h, Jaft. 18, 1795; Sylvester, b. May 19, 179G ; Syl- 
 vanus, b. Sept. 21, 1797, d. Aug. 6, 1808; Electa, b. Jan 24, 1799; m. 
 Gad Crafts; Randall, h. July 18, 1800; Levi, h. March 14, 1802; Chester, 
 h. June 6, 1803, d. Jan. 31, 1832; Horace, b. Aug. 5, 180';; Harriet, b. 
 Dec. 14, 1806. Lived in Clirlstian Lane, where S. and II. Graves— his 
 sons — live. lied. Dec. 10, 1852; liis wife Abigail d. Aug. 11, 1855. 
 
 GuAVKS, Salmon,* Oliver,"* ni. E.xperience Arms, Jan. 30, 1794. He 
 lived where Porter ^Vells now docs ; a carpenter and bridge-builder; chil. 
 Naomi, b. Feb. 24, 1795, m. Henry Anderson; layman,, h. Aug. 21, 179G ; 
 Experience, b. March 23, 1799; Salmon, b. April 28, 1800; Elijah Arms, 
 h. Nov. 29, 1803; Lucinda, b. Feb. 12, 1808, d. May 27, 1809. 
 
 Graves, Elijah, ^ Oliver,* m. Lucy Crafts, dau. of Graves Crafts and 
 Eunice Graves; chil. Jerry, b. April 24, 1809; Oliver, b. July 19, I81I ; 
 Rebecca, b. July 2, 1813, m. John F. Bardwell. April 30, IS 11. 
 
 Graves, Moses,*^ David,'" ni. Abigail Crafts, dau. of Hcnoni, Feb. 8, 
 
 1787 ; lived where Lucius (jraves now does ; chil. Experience, b. Dec. 1, 
 1787, d. Jan 6, 1788; Quartus, h. Oct. 30. 1789, d. Sept. 25, 1794; Linus, 
 b. Aug. 16, 1792; Eurotas, b. Aug. 3, 1794; Quartus, b. Jan. 25, 1797, 
 d. abt. 1857; Experience, h. July 1, 1799, m. Lyman Dickinson; Sophia, 
 b. April 2, 1802, m. lliratn Iloitinson ; Martha, b. Oct. 10, 1801, m. Silas 
 Rice; Lucius, b. July 17, 180G ; Asher a.nd Ashley, twins, h. March 31, 
 1809. Moses d. Dec. 19. 1827 ; Abigail d. Feb. 18, 1853. 
 
 Graves, Levi,'' David,* m. Editha Field, dau. of Medad, May 23, 
 1805 ; lived where his son Ilufus Graves now does ; chil. ILinnah, h. Apr. 
 14, 1806, m. Bannister Morton; Rufus, b. July 18, 1808, d. Jan. 29, 
 1810; Rufus, h. Aug. 12, 1810; Elvira, h. Nov. 3, 1812, m. Dennis Dick- 
 inson; Mary, b. March 13, 1815, d. Jan. 7, 1845; Emily, h. Aug. 1, 
 1817, d. Feb. 10, 1844; Julia, b. Nov. 24, 1819; Lemuel, b. Sept. 10, 
 1825. Levi d. April 22, 1844; Editha d. Feb. 22, 1854. 
 
 Graves, Piiin-i'-has," David,* m. Sarah Morton, dau. of Levi, Nov. 30, 
 1797; chil. Miranda, b. Feb. 2, 1799, ra. Malachi Smith ; Electa, b, Nov. 
 
236 
 
 22, 1800, m. Israel Chapin ; Horace, b. 1802; Asenath, b. 1804; Lewis, 
 b. 180G, m. Hannah Chapin ; David, h. 1808, m. Lydia Calhoun. 
 
 Graves, John," Dea. Nathan,^ m. Lois Parker, dau. of Abraham ; 
 lived on Grass Hill ; di\\. Sopliia, b. Sept. 24, 1774, ni. James Warner ; 
 Sabra, b. May 19, 1777, m. Gilbert Smith, Feb. 8, 1798; John, b. Dec. 4, 
 1779, m. Mehitablc Coleman; Solomon, b. Dec. 11, 1781; Justus, b. Jan. 
 13, 1784; Nathan, h. July 25, 1786, d. young; Louis, b. May 11, 1788, 
 d. young; liJioda, b. April 18, 1791, m. Orange Field, April 8, 1811. 
 
 Graves, Amasa,« Dea. Nathan,^ m. Phebe Cary, July 13, 1709; chil. 
 Nathan; Stephen; Amasa, m. Sally Bird, of Wh., Dec. 1, 1803 ; Anna, m. 
 
 Jonas Williams; Phehe, ra. Loveland ; Lydia, m. Timothy Graves; 
 
 Erastus, m. Melinda Lyon, June 6, 1798. The family rem. to Middle- 
 field. 
 
 Graves, Reuben, g Dea. Nathan, 5 m. Lydia Lyon, Aug. 18, 1784; lived 
 on Chestnut mountain ; chil. Beuben, bap. Aug. 2, 1795, m. Nancy Brad- 
 ford ; Leonard, bap. Dec. 31, 1797, m. Mrs. Maria E. Strong, March 29, 
 1836; Lucretia, b. abt. 1791, m. (1) Solomon Crraves ; (2) Jona. Dickin- 
 son ; some others that d. young. 
 
 Graves, Lucius,'' Martins m. Laurana Smith, dau. of Joel, April 27, 
 1809 ; lived where Erastus Crafts now does ; chil. Elizabeth D., b. Feb. 
 20, 1810, m. Thomas C. Wright, March 11, 1835; Sijlvanus, b. Jan. 9, 
 1812, m. Mary E. Chandler, June 6, 1833; Abigail S., b. July 14, 1714, 
 m. Philo B. Richardson, 1840; Esther Field, b. Dec. 7, 1816, m. Hophni 
 Clapp, June 28, 1836; Tryphena, h. Dec. 22, 1818, m. James De Lain, 
 Oct. 14, 1811 ; Lucia Ann, b. March 13, 1821, d. young ; Diana, b. Nov. 
 8, 1823, m. Frederick Wright, Nov. 7, 1850; Walstein, b. March 21, 1826, 
 m. Sophronia Clark, Oct. 24, 1850. The family rem. to Chicopee Falls, 
 where he died. 
 
 Graves, Simeon,*6 Martin, 5 m. Gratia Trescott, dau. of John Trescott, 
 Jan. 19, 1809 ; a wheelwright, and lived where now is the house of Alonzo 
 Crafts; chil. Loriston, b. Dec. 7, 1809; Jonathan E., b. July 30, 1811, d. 
 Aug., 1813; Z)e«uis, b. July 31, 1813; Sarah Ann, b. July 3, 1816, d. 
 Sept. 14, 1831; Miranda, b. Feb. 15, 1818, ra. Sylvester Bannister, d. 
 April 6, 1864; Amasa Edson, b. Feb. 5, 1820; John Trescott, b. Jan. 1, 
 1822; Oeorge, b. Sept. 15, 1823. He d. Dec. 28, 1846; wife Gratia, d. 
 Feb. 19, 1867. 
 
 Graves, David," Martin, ^ m. Sarah Dickinson, dau. of Jehu, April 
 27, 1809; a blacksmith; worked with Eurotaa. Dickinson ; chil. Delia D., 
 d. June 14, 1859 ; Eleanor P. ; Anjennettc, d. June 2S, 1845 ; Sarah, d. 
 March 30, 1847; Nelson D., m. Emily Stratton. The family rem. to 
 Brookfield, Vt. He d. June 7, 1850; she d. July 17, 1865. 
 
 Graves, Charles," Israel* m. Patty Wait, dau. of Nathan, Dec. 16, 
 1813; c\n\. Elain, b. March 6, 1815; Harriet, b. May 4, 1817. He d. 
 June 16, 1829; wife Patty, d. Aug. 21, 1851. 
 
 Graves, Plyna," Selah,^ m. Lucinda Field, dau. of Noah, 1812; 
 a carpenter ; chil. i*'ra?iAZm, b. September 1, 1S12; Noah Field, h. , Ian. 
 20, 1816, d. Sept. 15, 1819; Alonzo, h. April 15, 1818; Edward, b. May 
 
237 
 
 11, 1820; Noah Field, h. July 20, 1822; Lncimla, h. Dec. 17, 1821, m. 
 Reuben Crafts ; Clarissa, b. March 18, 1828, m. E. A. Adkins ; Mary 
 Ann, h. Feb. 5, 18.31, m. S. S. Graves; Jane, b. Dec. 17, 183:^, in. Ches- 
 ter G. Crafts. lie d. Aug. 5, 1858; wife Lucinda, d. Sept. 25, ISofi. 
 
 Graves, Willi.\m,6 Selali,-^ ni. Wealthy Smith, of SuiulcrlaiKl ; she 
 ■was b. Nov. 10, 1799, ni. Aug. 31, 183G ; lived on Spruce hill; cliil. 
 Brainard S., b. Feb. 1, 1810, d. July 26, 1810; Brainard H., h. April 
 
 20, 1842; Mary A., b. May 1, 1810, d. Dec. 8, 1863. He moved to Con- 
 way, and d. July 23, 1857; wife d. Dec. 16, 1862. 
 
 Graves, Erastus," Selah,* m. (1) lUioda Kingslcy ; (2) Lucy Swift, wid. 
 of Ileman Swift, and dan. of Jacob Mosher. He d. March 9, 1871 ; wife 
 Rhoda, d. Dec. 25, 1850; s. p. 
 
 Graves, Justus, « Selah,5 m. Miriam Crafts, dau. of Graves, April 30, 
 1840. He d. June 3, 1857, aged 66; wife Miriam, d. Dec. 21, 1846, 
 aged 51 ; s. p. 
 
 Graves, Oliver,^ Selah,^ m. Electa Frary, dau. of Setli, Jan. 19, 
 1815; chil. Dwight, b. 1819, d. Sept. 13, 1842; Sylvia, b. Feb. 13, 1822, 
 m. John Cook. He d. Sept. 10, 1859. 
 
 Graves, Selah,6 Selah,3 m. (1) Martini Smith, dau. of Asa and Judith, 
 Sept. 18, 1822; (2) :\rary Jane Johnson, Oct. 17, 1868; chil. Judith 
 Smith, h. June 5, 1823, d. June 5, 1866; Selah Smilh, b. Aug. 6, 1825; 
 Erastm Lorenzo, h. June 12, 1829. Wife Martha, d. Feb. 5, 1859. 
 
 Graves, Rodolphus," Selai),^ m. Sophia Luthera Partridge, dau. of 
 David; chil. Mary Sophia, h. Se[)t. 17, 1S17, d. young; Enuna Augusta, 
 b. ISIarch 1, 1841. He rem. to Randolph, Vt. 
 
 Graves, Spencer, e Oliver, ^ m. Lura Edson, dau. of Amasa. Feb. 19, 
 1825; chil. Francis H., b. Jan. 10, 1827; Elizabeth, h. Jan. 22, 1829; 
 William Spencer, b. March 27, 1831, m. Orpha E. Howe, I\rarch21, 1855; 
 Harriet, b. Jan. 29, 1835, m. Henry Dutton, JNlarch, 1859; Maria M., b. 
 Sept. 22, 1837, m. Terence Carrigan, Dec. 4, 1862; Albert, b. Oct. 5, 
 1840. 
 
 Graves, Randall,*^ 01iver,''> ni. (1) Martha Scott, dau. of Abel, March 
 
 21, 1833; chil. Judith Lnthera, b. Jan. 1, 1834. Wife Martha d. March 
 13,1836; m. (2) Malista Packard, Nov. 7, 1839; m. (.".) Mrs. Mary Ann 
 Sanderson, Sept., 1844; chil. Mary Elizabeth, b. Oct. 11, 1819, m. Fred. 
 J. Root, March 30, 1869; Helen Luanna, b. Dec. 7, 1851. 
 
 Graves, Levi, 6 Oliver,-'' m. [Bathsheba Wait, dau. of Jeremiah, Jan. 
 18, 1827; she d. Oct. 23, 1871, aged 71 ; chil. Henry Richardson, b. Oct. 
 23, 1827; Francis Harwood, b. Sept. 9, 1830; George Smith, b. June 3, 
 1834 ; Edward Everett, b. Nov. 19, 1837 ; Dwight David, b. June 3, 1842. 
 
 Graves, Lyma.v.g Capt. Salmon,'' in. Anna Electa Morton, dau. of 
 Oliver and Johanna, Jan. 21, 1822; chil. Theodosia M., b. Oct. 25, 1822; 
 Dolly Ann, b. Nov. IS, 18-J6, m. Edwin Bardwell, of Williamsburg; 
 Sophia, b. May 9, 1831, m. Lyman P. Dickinson, of Williamsburg; 
 Chauncij Arms, b. June 22, 1833. 
 
 Graves, Elfjaii.G Capt. Salmon,''' m. (1) Louisa Smith ; (2) Julia Hart, 
 of Nortiiampton. 
 
238 
 
 Graves, Jerre,^ Elijali,-'' m. Electa Dickinson, dau. of Daniel, April 
 16, 1835; lived where his father and grand-father lived; chil. Luanna, ra. 
 
 (1) Bera Wilsey; (2) Paine; Washinc/ton, b. April 11, 1815. 
 
 Graves, Oliver,^ Elijah, ^ m. Clarissa Eliza Warner, April 27, 1837; 
 chil. IIe7iry Moore, b. Jan. 1, 1839, m. Electa S. Jones; Oliver Stanley, 
 b. Aug. 15, 1840, m. Martha D. Nash, Nov. 26, 1863. 
 
 Graves, Solomon,''' John,6 m. Lucretia Graves, dau. of Reuben, Nov. 
 3, 1803; a blacksmith; chil. Almon ; Philander. 'Wife Lucretia, m. (2) 
 Jonathan Dickinson, of Williamsburg. 
 
 Graves, John,'' John," ra. Mehitable Colman, dau. of Nathaniel, Sept. 
 15, 1803. 
 
 Graves, Rufus,'' Levi," m. Mrs. Julia Dane, dau. of Bryant Nutting 
 and Matilda Belding; lives in Christian Lane, on the place formerly 
 owned by his grand-father ; chil. Lemuel ; Oeorge. 
 
 Graves, Lemuel,^ Levi," m. Martha Miller, dau. of Alvah, May 23, 
 1850. Built the house where C. L. Thayer lives; ch. Mary, b. Dec. 4, 
 1851 ; d. Oct. 23, 1854. He d. May 23, 1855. 
 
 Graves, Reuben,'7 Reuben,^ m. Nancy Bradford, dau. of Edward; 
 lived on Chestnut Mountain; chil. Elvira L., b. April 25, 1824; m. Allen 
 Bryant, Sept. 24, 1849; Lorette A., b. Jan. 31, 1827; m. Miles B. IMor- 
 ton, Dec. 23, 1854; Charles P., h. May, 1829; Charlotte M., b. Aug. 27, 
 18 51; m. Allen Bryant, June 28, 1850; Henry D. ; Almeron E. ; d. Aug. 
 12, 1839, aged 20 mos. ; Albert H., b. April 27, 1840. He d. Aug. 13, 
 1848 ; wife Nancy, d. Aug. 27, 1855. 
 
 Graves, Leonard,^ Reuben.e m. Mrs. Maria Strong, March 29, 1836, 
 
 Jau. of Buel, of Westfield ; chil. Samuel Porter, b. Sept. 10, 1840; 
 
 ni. Serintha Graves; Ellen Maria, b. Feb. 12, 1842; m. Norman S. Corn- 
 well, March 3, 1858. 
 
 Gravks, Linus,''' Moses,6 m. Electa Robbins, dau. of Elihu Robbins 
 and Patty White, April 30, 1823; b. Nov. 1, 1796; child, Oeorge Alexan- 
 der, b. May 2, 1824. He d. April 24, 1840. 
 
 Graves, Eurotas,''' Moses,6 ni. Dolly Burnett ; chil. Caroline E., b. abt. 
 1830; d. Feb. 22, 1849, aged 19; Walter D., b. about 1832; Mary B., b. 
 1834; d. Dec, 13, 1866. He d. 1847. 
 
 Graves, Lucius,' Moses,6 m. Lydia Dickinson Dodge, dau. of Caleb, 
 Dec. 18, 1851 ; b. June 25, 1825 ; lives in Christian Lane, where his father 
 used to; chil. Caroline E., b. Nov. 17. 1852; Alice L., b. July 8, 1855; 
 Lydia D., b. Nov. 13, 1857 ; Frederick L., b. Dec. 25, 1858; Louis //., b. 
 July 12, 1860; d. Sept. 3, 1860; Marion Worthington, b. Oct. 12, 1869. 
 
 Graves, Ashley, ^ Moses, « m. Aug. 6, 1845, Susan M. Wheelock, 
 dau. of Martin Wheelock, of Leicester; chil. Abbie J., b. Aug. 30, 1846 ; 
 m. E. H. Stearns; Albert A., b. Dec. 18, 1848; Emma S., b. March 6, 
 1852. 
 
 Graves, Franklin,''' Plyna.e m. Louisa Wait, dau. of Calvin, Nov. 13, 
 1834; carpenter; chil. Dorothy Bigelow, b. Sept. 8, 1835; m. Erastus L. 
 Graves; Ellen Maria, b. Nov. 1, 1844; m. Henry Botoni. 
 
 Graves, Alomzo,'^ Plyna,6 m. Sophronia Rice, dau. of Daniel Rice and 
 
239 
 
 Sarah Brown, ^farch 27, 1845. She was b. Oct. 6, 1821:; carpontor; rem. 
 to (Jreenfiehl; chil. Asliinun T., b. Sept 23, 1846; Clark 0., b. Dec. 15, 
 1849; Canj Clifford, b. Deo. 7, 1852; Sophronia A., b. Aiij;. 6, 1854; 
 wife Sophronia d. Aug. 26, 1854; m. (2) Soplironia L. Fiehl, dan. of 
 Jesse Field, March 21,1855. She was b. Dec 26, 1829; chil. Bicrke 
 Field, b. Oct. 18, 1858; Cyr^is Slowell, b. July 27, 1863; Mary Lucinda, 
 b. Aug. 1, 18G8. 
 
 Graves, Er>\v.\HD,~ Plyna,'' m. Elizabeth ^Yait, dau. of Calvin ; rem. 
 to Heath; chil. Sarah, b. Oct. 18, 1S13; m. Brooks McCloud ; Emma 
 Maria, b. April 26, 1851 ; d. Sept. 5, 18.")8 ; Charles E., b. Dec. 22, 1855. 
 
 Graves, NoAii Field," Plyna, c m. Mary S. Bigelow, dau. of Samuel 
 Bigelow, Jan. 4, 1849; removed to N. Amherst; chil. Ella Louisa, b. 
 July 14, 1851 ; m. Law.son Lyman, May 10, 1871 ; Mary Electa, b. Aug. 
 7, 1853; llatlie Maria, b. Dec. 11, 1858; Fred Sherman, b. Sept. 1, 
 1869. 
 
 Graves, Selaii S.aiitii,' Sclah,*"' ni. IMary Ann Graves, dau. of Plyna, 
 Sept. 27, 1854; a carpenter; chil. Ida Jane, b. March 8, 1859; Cora 
 Martha, h.^ov. 1, 1860; d. July 16, 1861. Wife Mary d. April 26, 
 1861. 
 
 Graves, Erastus L.," Sehd),*J m. Dorothy Bigelow Graves, daughter of 
 Franklin Graves and Louisa Wait, Sept. 8, 1835; carpenter; child, .4;-a- 
 hella Louisa. 
 
 Graves, Sylvaxus," Lucius," m. Mary E. Chandler, Jan. 16, 1833; 
 she was b. Jan. 12, 1811 ; chil. Edmund E., b. Feb. 27, 1836 ; d. April 26, 
 1836; Lucia Ann, h. Aug. 19, 1837; m. L. L. Hooker, Sept. 25, 1856; 
 Julia M., b. April 22, 1810; m. Newton S. Barnes, July 3, 1866; Harriet 
 C, b. July 10, 1842; m. Wm. Clark, Aug. 13, 1864; Mary E., b. Nov. 
 11,1845; m. George Bennett, Jan. 19, 1871; William L., h. Aug. 22, 
 1849; d. Oct. 5, 1851 ; Emma J., b. Sept. 14, 1851. Wife, Mary E., d. 
 July 13, 1856. He d. Nov. 12, 1871. 
 
 Graves, Walstei.n,'^ Lucius," m. Sophronia M. Clark, Oct. 24, 1850- 
 carpenter; lives in Easthampton ; chil. Abbie S., b. July 4, 1851 ; Edward 
 L., b. July 5, 1854; Letois Walstein, b. Dec. 14, 1858; Lilian May, b. 
 March 2, 1862; Fred Clark, b. July 4, 1868. 
 
 Graves, Ciiauncy A.,^ Lyman,*! ,„_ Mary E. Blynn, dau. of Elias 
 Blynn, of New Britain, Ct., Jan. 1, 1856. She was b. Feb. 11, 1844- 
 chil. Emma Louisa, b. Nov. 27, 1856; Emory Edgar, b. Sejit. 4, 1858- 
 Nettie Jane, b. Feb. 23, 1861; Albert Elias, b. Oct. 30, 1863; Frederick 
 Lyman, b. March 4, 1866; Oeorge Whiljield, b. June 5, 1869. 
 
 Graves. Louiston,7 Simeon, *! m. (1) Susan C. Towne, dau. of Josiah, 
 Jan. 19, 1836. She d. Feb. 15, 1844; chil. Harriet M., b. Jan. 28. 1837; 
 m. Henry Towne; Mary Jane, b. Feb. 12, 1839; d. Dec. 4, 1810; Oscar 
 E., h. Dec 28, 18U; Oeorge Edyar, b. Nov. 16, 1842; d. Oct. 8, 1870. 
 He m. (2) Emily Topliff, 1859; child, Luna, b. Dec. 10, 1861. 
 
 Graves, Amasa Edson,' Simeon, g m. lluldah Flint, July 8, 1845; chil. 
 Alice Jane, h. Oct. 5, 1816 ; Arthur Dane, b. May 18, 1852 ; Emma Jennett, 
 b. Oct. 25, 1853 ; Muline Ursula, b. Jan. 18, 1856. 
 
240 
 
 Graves, John Trescott,''' Simeon. 6 Read law with Judge Chase, of 
 Randolph, Vt., practiced in Austin, Texas, where he was in 18G1, when 
 the Ilcbellion broke out. In trying to get North, was captured and con- 
 fined in Libby prison 4 months; escaped in disguise. Was in Government 
 em[)loy during the war, Q. M. Dept. ; m. Annie B. Baldwin, Nov, 27, 
 1807. 
 
 Graves, Henry R.,''' Levi,*' m. Laura C. Tufts, dau. of Benj. Tufts 
 and Phebe Ilaynes, April 27, 1853. Slie was b. April 17, 1831. Lives in 
 Hatfiehl ; child, Mattie Maria, b. Jan. 10, 1855. 
 
 Graves, Francis II,' Levi," m. Abbie A. Morgan, dau. of Isaac Mor- 
 gan and Sarah Barker, Jan. 1, 1863. She was b. Jan. 22, 1837. Lives 
 in Gran by. 
 
 Graves, George S.,'^ Levi," m. Ellen A. Jones, dau. of Samuel Jones, 
 Nov. 24, 1858. She was b. Feb. 27, 1837 ; lives in Florence ; chil. Frank; 
 Lillie. 
 
 Graves, Edward E.,' Levi," m. Isabel Mary Jones, dau. of Samuel, 
 Nov. 2, 1865; she was b. July 25, 1841; lives in Florence; child, Arthur 
 Eugene, b. April 12, 1868. 
 
 GR.4.VES, Elam,''' Charles,^ m. Eunice B. Graves, dau. of .John, of Wil- 
 liamsburg, Sept. 18, 1844; lives in Maydenville ; chil. Charles IJ., b. 
 Sept. 18, 1845; m. Oct. 26, 1870, Ellen O. Tower, of Chesterfield; Lizzie 
 JL, b. May 10, 1848 ; m. June 23. 1869, Dr. Wm. M. Trow; Martha A., 
 b. April 30, 1856; d. July 5, 1857. AVife Eunice d. Sept. 6, 1860, and 
 he ra. (2) May 11, 1870, Mrs. L. I. Jerold. 
 
 (iRAVES, IIknuy Dwight.^ Reuben, 7 m. Orpha Damon, dau. of Reuben, 
 of Cliesterfield. Lived on Chestnut Mt. ; chil. Edward Forrester, b. Aug. 
 16, 1857 ; Ida Estella, b. Feb. 19, 1861 ; d. Oct. 11, 1861. Henry D., d. 
 Jan. 14, 1863. Wif^. Orplia d. Oct. 25, 18GG. 
 
 Graves, Albert Harrison, ^ Reuben,' in. Rosa J. Page, of Newbury, 
 Vt., dau. of Enoch Page, Oct. 19, 1865. A blacksmith; rem. to Fitch- 
 burg; child, Minnie Isabel, b. Oct. 8, 1857. 
 
 Graves, Li<:()NARD P. ,8 Reuben,''' m. Serintha Graves, Jan. 13, 1863; 
 chil. Gertrude, b. Se^U. 9, 1866; Henry P., b. March 1, 1868; Herbert C, 
 b. Dec. 9, 1869. 
 
 Graves, Brainard S.,« William,^ m. Dec. 14, 1860, Eliza M. Parker, 
 of Conway. Lives in Conway; chil. Anna M., b. Oct. 27, 1866; Jennie 
 E.,h. Nov. 30, 1867; d. Sept. 1, 1869; William I., b. April 6, 1869; 
 Charles H., b. Dec. 14, 1870. 
 
 Graves, Wm. E.,^ Elijah,'-^ of Williamsburg, Perez,! b. Nov. 9, 1817; 
 m. Abigail Sanderson, dau. of Asa, Nov. 27, 1848; chil. Oeorge Lewis, b. 
 Jan. 9, 1851 ; d. Dec. 7, 1861 ; drowned; Euth Emma, b. April 17, 1853; 
 d. May 1, 1853. 
 
 Gray, Alfked W.,-' Moses, ^ Aaron,' lived where W. II. Fuller now lives ; 
 rem. to Prescott ; b. June 16, 1810; m. Nov., 1831, Caroline Aldrich, 
 dau. of Peleg; chil. Alfred 0. ; Dexter W. ; Helen C, h. Oct. 31, 1836; 
 William W ; Charles M. ; Edwin E. ; George F. 
 
 Gray, Nathaniel. From Pelham. Lived N. of Seth Smith's ; chil. 
 
241 
 
 Ebenezer Macombcr, b. Oct. 18, 1806 ; Salome Wright, b. March 3, 1809 ; 
 Harriet Newell, b. Nov. 20, 181-5; Pkilena Macomber, b. Oct. L"), ISIG. 
 
 GuiMKs, Samuel, b, in Goshen, Sept. 21, 1770; son of Samuel and 
 Mary (Ilinckh-y) Grimes, 1797; merchant; lived where Leonard Looniis 
 now lives; d. March 24, 1816. He ni. Hannah Field. She ni. (2) Oliver 
 Coolcy, of So. Deerfield, s. p. 
 
 Hafey, Jerre, lives on the George Dane place; m. Mary Kagan ; chil. 
 Anna, b. Sept. 2:1, 1865; Bridget, h. April 12, 1868; Nicholas, b. Oct. 2, 
 18G9. 
 
 Hafey, Nicholas, lives on the Joshua Belden'"' place ; in. Mary Powers; 
 child, Johanna, b. June 1.5, 1868. 
 
 Handeriian, Michael, b. Feb. 18, 1830, ra. Mary Hafey ; chil. Thomas, 
 b. Feb. 1, 185G; Nancij, b. March 12, 1857; Margaret, b. Feb. 17, 1859; 
 Nicholas, b. April 3, 1863; John, h. Feb. 22, 1864; Joanna, b. Aug. 2, 
 1866. 
 
 Harding, Samuel, 1776, from Woodstock, Ct. ; lived where Asa Dick- 
 inson now lives. He ni. (1) Anna Fisher; (2) Dinah Johnson; chil. 
 Timothy; Stephen; Abigail; Abijah and Abial, twins, b. 1760; (Abial 
 m. Olive ; had John;) Keziah ; Esther, b. 1764, m. Justin Morton. 
 
 Harrington, Thomas, 1777, probably from Lexington; b. 1748, m. 
 July 4, 1771, Lucy Perry, and had Elizabeth, b. Dec. 19, 1773. 
 
 Harris, Lemuel Gay, m. Dec. 2, 1845, Caroline Belden, dau. of 
 Seth ; chil. George L., b. Oct. 7, 1846, m. Lizzie M. Sawtelle ; Sdh B., 
 b. April 17, 1849; William L., b. July 6, 1852; Carrte i/., b, Oct. 26, 
 1857. 
 
 Hart, Murray, a tinner; lived on the Zebina I'artlett place; d. Sept. 
 25, 1812. He m. Lucy Newell ; had two daughters ; wile Lucy m. (2) 
 April 18, 1815, John Graves. 
 • Harvey, , m. Anna Sanderson, dau. of Joseph ; had Paul. 
 
 Harvey, Eliui;,^ F21ihu,2 Capt. Moses,' of JNIonlague ; b. Jan. 13, 
 1793, ra. Submit Sanderson, dau. of Isaac; she d. ALiy 7, 1816 ; chil. Cly- 
 mena E., b. Jan. 4, 1815, m. Col. R. B. Harwood ; Tri/phena S., b. Jan. 
 2, 1817; Isaac S., b. Dec. 26, 1818; Lucy B., h. Aug. 5, 1821, d. young; 
 Stephen R., b. Sept. 14, 1823; Elihu, h. May 19, 1826. 
 
 Harvey, Steimien R.,4 m. Sarah A. Best, dau. of Benjamin, of Work- 
 ley, Eng. ; b. Dec. 11, 1828; diW. Albert E ., h. June 1, IMS, ni. Mar- 
 garet Fitzpatrick ; Charles W., h. June 6, 1849; Edward S., b. Nov. 26, 
 1851; il/i/mie^., b. May 22, 1855; Alice N., h. Feb. 20, 1857; Nellie 
 S.,h. April 24, 1858; Emma J., b. Dec. 13, 1860; Anna Gertrude, b. 
 March 2, 1863, d. young; Cora A., h. May 20, 1864; Percy R., h. Oct. 
 4, 1866 ; Stephen Herbert, b. Jan. 7, 1868; Lydia Maud, b. Nov. 6, 1869, 
 d. Feb. 10, 1870. 
 
 Harwood, John,' wife, Hannah, of U.xbridge. Harwood, Capt. 
 Nathan, 2 b. 1737; lived in Windsor, (see ante p. 152) d. 1790. He m. 
 Huldah Bannister. Harwood, Francis,^ M. D., b. Oct. 26, 1763; settled 
 in Whately, 1794 ; built the house north of the Graves Crafts place ; d. 
 May 20, 1835. He m. Lucinda Forward, dau. of Justus and Violet; she 
 
 FF 
 
242 
 
 d. Oct. 5, 1856; chil. Joshua Dickinson, b. Nov. 25, 1790; Roderick, d. 
 young; Violet, d. young; Roderick Bannister, b. Jan. 29, 1795; Alonzo, 
 b. April 1, 1797, d. May 12, 1817; Myron, b. Aug. 16, ;1799; Violet, b. 
 Sept. 9, 1801, m. Chester Stockbridge ; Justus Forward, b. Oct. 25, 1803; 
 Francis W., b. June 14, 1806, d. April 11, 1827; Eunice Phelps, d. June 
 3, 1810. 
 
 Hauwood, Joshua D.,4 M. D. ; practiced with his father ; d. April 3, 
 1820. He m. Theodosia Boyden, dau. of Frederick ; chil. Frederick B.; 
 Lucinda H. 
 
 Hauwood, Roderick B.,'* colonel; d. May 18, 1870. He m. Sept. 
 16, 1847, Clymena E. Harvey, dau. of Elihu ; chil. Francis A., b. Oct. 
 27, 1848, d. Jan. 9, 1854; Lucinda Violet, b. Jan. 2, 1851, d. Feb. 2, 
 1854; Fanny Maria, b. Feb. 10, 1852; Lucinda Violet, b. Jan. 7, 1854; 
 Carolyn Paul, b. Aug. 1, 1857. 
 
 Harwood, Myron,4 M. D., m. (1) Dec. 22, 1831, Judith W. AUis ; she 
 d. March 9, 1862 ; (2) April 18, 1864, Lydia Allis ; chil. Maria Louisa, b. 
 Jan. 2,^1833, m. Ephraini Boyco, of Miss., d. Jan. 30, 1866 ; Ellen Electa, 
 b. Nov. 12, 1834, m. C. R. Chaffee; Lydia Allis, b. Dec. 26, 1837, m. 
 J. W. Smith ; Henry White Allis, b. June 6, 1843, d. Feb. 3, 1864; Fran- 
 cis Alonzo, b. Sept. 2, 1845, d. young; Mary Eliza, b. Feb. 2, 1847, d. 
 young; Mary Eliza, b. March 14, 1848; Fanny Allis, b. Feb. 14, 1851, 
 d. young. 
 
 Harwood, Justus F.,4 m. June 18, 1829, Elvira Wait; chil. Martha 
 L., b. May 25, 1830, m. Edward A. Crafts; Judith Morton, b. Oct. 23, 
 1832, m. George Graves; Fordyce Mantor, h. July 5, 1835, m. Nancy 
 Thayer ; Theron. 
 
 Hatch, Isaac, 1795, rem. to Deerfield ; wife, Esther ; chil. i?osina, m. 
 Elijah Graves; Isaac; Esther, m. Stephen Gunn ; Emily; Chester. 
 
 Hawlky, John, 1773, m. Hannah Scott; chil. Samuel; Anne; Charity ; * 
 Elizabeth, d. May, 1779; Elizabeth. 
 
 Hawley, Frederick A.,' Zechariah,6 Zechariah,5 Samuel, 4 Samuel.' 
 Joseph, 2 Thomas,' who was k. by Indians at Sudbury, 1676 ; lives in the 
 Straits ; b. Feb. 15, 1831, m. June 4, 1857, Cornelia Smith ; chil. Hamet 
 E., b. April 27, 1858; Louisa 0., b. Nov. 1, 1860; Melinda B.,h. k\ig. 
 5, 1862; Sarah S., b. Jan. 1, 1865; John, h. Nov. 3, 1868; Cornelia, b. 
 May 26, 1871. 
 
 Hawkes, Richard B., from Deerfield; lives on the Harwood home- 
 stead; b. July 18, 1815, m. November 1, 1846, Louisa Brown, dau. of 
 Joseph. 
 
 Hayes, Dennis, lives on the Benjamin Scott place; m. Dec. 8, 1855, 
 Margaret GrilFin ; chil. Mary, h. Oct. 5, 1856; Daniel, b. Aug. 27, 1858; 
 Hannah, b. Sept. 2, 1860; Ellen, b. Feb. 12, 1863; Lizzie, b. Aug. 30, 
 1864; Margaret, b. Feb. 16, 1866; Dennis, b. March 2, 1868; Martha, 
 b. Feb. 21, 1871. 
 
 Hazzard, Robert, 1795, b. in Springfield, 1737 ; lived on the North 
 plain; m. Susanna Jeperson, (seep. 136). 
 
 Hemenway, 0bed,2 James,! b. Nov. 15, 1819; m. June 2, 1853, 
 
243 
 
 Amorct S. Morton ; chil. Kllen, b. July 1, 18.5-i ; Elijah P., b. March 17, 
 1850; IJcnri/, b. Oct. 22, 1S57. 
 
 HiiiBARD, John, 1793, m. Feb. 12, 1792, Ircna Belden ; diil. Elias, b. 
 Feb. 7, 17y-4, m. Lydia Crafts; John, b. July 12, 1795, d. youn<f ; Lucy, 
 b. Feb. 5, 1797 ; Jvhn, b. June 10, 1798; Albert, b. May 4, 1800; Ches- 
 ter, b. Oct. 17, 1802; Eliphaz, b. Oct. 2-1, 1803; Ircna, b. Nov. 5, 
 1809. 
 
 HiGGiNS, IIknry S.,2 Alpheus,! b. Jan. 8, 1824; rem. to Hinsdale, 
 N. II. He m. Nov. 26, 1851, Trypbena D. AVood, dau. of E. II. and 
 Sarah; chil. Sarah Tnjphena, b. Oct. 15, 1852; Ellen, b. Oct. 10, 1854; 
 Mary Thomas, b. Aug. 3, 1857; Henry Sever, b. May 7, 1865; Jennie, b. 
 Jan., 1869. 
 
 Hill, Joseph, 1776, lived on the A. S. Stearns place; ni. Dec. 1, 
 1776, Esther Smith, dau. of Elisha. He d. Oct., 1796, aged 66; she d. 
 Oct. 6, 1828; chil. nefsey, b. Feb. 6, 1778, m. David Smith; Famelia, b. 
 March 4, 1779, ni. Warham Judd; Alindu, b. June 26, 1780, m. Daniel 
 Rogers; Luh;, b. IMarch 13, 1782; Gideon, b. Sept. 11, 1783, ra. Martha 
 Allen ; Moses, b. March 30, 1785, d. Sept. 12, 1820 ; Sally, b. Dec. 22, 
 1787; Esther, b. Aug. 4, 1789, m. John Starks ; Rchekah, b. May 23, 
 1791, ra. Jonathan Sliattuck ; Ruggles, b. Dec. oO, 1793. 
 
 Hill, Kl'GGLKS,- m. Sophia Warner, dau. of Paul; chil. Pinth, b. June 
 11, 1816; Naomi, b. Jan. 13, 1818, d. Aug. 2, 1842; Ahhy, b. Oct. 28, 
 1819, m. John W. Temple; Nelson, b. Dec. 5, 1820, d. Oct. 14, 1843; 
 Silas W., b. Jan. 1, 1825, m. Sophronia Starkweather. 
 
 Hoar, Jamks IIicnuy,^ James, i from England; b. Sept. 20, 1851, m. 
 Feb. 22, 1870, Emma M. Warner, dau. of Elliott A. 
 
 HuWES, MiCAJAH,-'' ]\licajah,'l Zechariah,^ Joseph, "^ Joseph,! from 
 Ashfield; b. Feb. 3, 1831, m. June 1, 1853, Pamelia A.Parker; chil. 
 Rylan Clinton, b. June 1, 1859; Myra Lovina, b. June 1."), 1862. 
 
 Hubbard, William IM.,- Edmund, i from Windsor; b. Jan. 15, 1836; 
 m. (1) April 27, 1859, Ellen P. Crafts, dau. of Noah; chil. Lizzie Ellen, 
 b. April 6, 1860; Davis W., b. Sept. 2, 1861, d. Sept. 12, 1862; Anna 
 Crafts, b. Aug. 12, 1865. Wife Ellen P., d. Sept. 2, 1866; hem. (2) 
 March 25, 1868, Levina Field ; child, Addie Field, b. May 9, 1870. 
 
 Ingraham, David, 1774, from East Hartford, Ct. ; ni. Dec. 7, 1775, 
 Jemima Graves, dau. of Dea. Nathan; chil. Ncdhan, bap. Dec. 1, 1776, 
 d. young; 2Vr2:a, bap. Dec. 17, 1777, d. young; Elizabeth, bap. Aug., 
 1779, d. young; Lydia, m. Chatfield. 
 
 Jennky, Reuben,! 1820, from Fairhaven ; lived on the Potter place, 
 in Hopewell; b. July 7, 1767, d. March 15, 1836. He m. Elizabeth 
 Clark, b. Feb. 18, 1770, d. May 7, 1846; chil. Elisha, h. Oct. 1792, d. 
 Nov. 7, 1819; William, b. Sept. 7, 1794, d. young; Reuben, b. Marcii 1, 
 1796; Mary C, b. Oct. 26, 1799, ra. Horace Childs. 
 
 Jenney, Reuben,2 d. July 6, 1869. He m. May 31, 1821, Lucinda 
 Wait; d. Jan. 2, 1861 ; chil. Elisha, h. Nov. 10, 1822, d. April 5, 1831 ; 
 Mary Euphrasia, h. Aug. 5, 1825, d. Nov. 28, 1848; Elisha A., h. Feb. 
 16, 1833; Reidjcn R., b. Nov. 18, 1840. 
 
244 
 
 Jenney, Elisha a. ,3 m. April 2, 1857, Amelia A. Way, dau. of 
 Marcus, b. June 17, 1842; chil. Arthur H , b. Feb. 21, 1862; Alice 
 Euphrasia, b. Nov. 29, 1865; Re^iben W., b. March 11, 1870. 
 
 Jeperson, Amos,^ 1785, lived north of the Zebina Bartlett place ; wife 
 adm. to cb. Nov. 27, 1785; chil. Amos; Solomon; Hannah, m. Aug. 14, 
 1788, Martin Graves ; Susanna, m. Robert Hazzard ; Silence ; Anna. 
 
 Jkpeuson, Amos,- lived under the hill, near the first Hopewell spring; 
 then in the Goss house; shoemaker; m. Sarah Marsh, dau. of Asa, Sen.; 
 chil. Solomon, bap. Nov. 27, 1785; Mila, bap. Nov. 7, 1790; Sarah, bap. 
 July 21, 1793; Experience, bap. July 5, 1795. 
 
 Jeperson, Solomon, ^ lived in town, 1786-95; had wife, and son. 
 
 Jewett, Jesse^, son of Joseph^ and Phebe (Richardson) Jewett, of 
 Tewksbury; b. Oct. 2, 1773, d. Jan. 26, 1854. He m. Abigail Crafts, 
 dau. of Moses; chil. Josiah, b. .Tan. 9, 1818; John, b. April 4, 1820, d. 
 young; Mary Ann, b. Sept. 9, 1823, m. James M. Crafts; John, b. Oct. 
 12, 1824, d. young; Cornelia, b. May 12, 1827, d. young; Moses W., b. 
 Nov. 1, 1830; Clarissa C, b. Nov. 7, 1833, m. Sylvester Clapp, d. Dec. 
 22, 1869. 
 
 Jewett, Josiah, 3 m. Jan. 29, 1840, Almena Hilliard, of No. Hadley ; 
 chW. Elmir a E., b. Feb. 8, 1842, d. young; George M. D., b. July 30, 
 1845; Edivarcl H., b. Dec, 15, 18.48, d. young; Frank, b. July 15, 1853; 
 Ernest, b. July 28, 1856 ; Elizabeth, b. Sept. 18, 1860. 
 
 Jewett, Moses W.,^ m. Sept. 8, 1861, Almira Wells, dau. of Chester ; 
 child, Mary Agnes, b. July 4, 1866. 
 
 Jewett, Charles E.,3 James M.,- Reuben,' lives on the Capt. Fay 
 place; b. Sept. 18, 1841, m. May 31, 1866, Julia A. Rice, dau. of Francis, 
 b.Nov. 1, 1841. 
 
 Johnson, Jonathan, ^ Henry,- Jonathan,' b. Oct. 1, 1825; m. Dec. 
 26, 1854, Clyraena Marsh, dau. of Calvin and Roxa ; chil. C. Henry, b. 
 Oct. 18, 1855; James Clement, b. Aug. 3, 1857; Julia Isabella, b. July 
 20, 1859 ; Darwin Marsh, b. Jan. 2, 1861. 
 
 Jones, Eli, son of Eli and Eunice, b. Nov. 3, 1818, m. July 14, 1866, 
 Charlotte Brown, dau. of Stephen and Celinda. 
 
 JuDD, Jonathan Sheldon, Rev., son of Deacon Eleazar and Dolly ; 
 b. in Wcsthampton, Feb. 4, 1816, d. May 11, 1864. He m. (1) Emily E. 
 Wolcott, dau. of Col. H., of Agawam; b. Aug. 21, 1818, d. Feb. 20, 
 18G1; chil. Albert W., b. Feb. 22, 1845; H. Melville, b. Sept. 10, 1848; 
 son, b. Oct. 3, 1850. 
 
 JuDD, Eleazar, bro. of above, b. April 13, 1821, m. Jan. 24, 1855, 
 Sophia C. Sanderson, dau. of Eli and Sophia; chil. Emerson Wadsworth, 
 h. Sept. 29, 1856 ; Edward Sanderson, h. March 24, 1859. 
 
 Kellogg, Joseph, 1770, wife, Mary ; chil. Joel, bap. Oct. 30, 1774; 
 Solomon, h. June 19, 1777. 
 
 Kellogg, William, 1770, wife, Bathsheba ; child, Williajn, d. Ma,rch, 
 1774, aged 5. 
 
 Kellogg, Joel, son of Nathaniel, of Hadley; d. Oct. 22, 1798, aged 
 74. He m. Aug., 1748, Joanna Clark, of Northampton; she d. June 11, 
 
245 
 
 1795, aged C7 ; chll. Levi, lived in Utica, N. Y. ; Sarah, m. Jona. Ingram ; 
 Joseph; Miriam, m. Eleazar Frary ; Abigail, m. Moses Crafts. 
 
 Keyes, Stephen, prob. from Slircwsbury ; in tlie army, at Ticonde- 
 roga, 1776; enl. at Charlemont, Sept. 22, 1777; enl. at Conway, 1779; 
 came to Wliately and enl. April 15, 1781 ; lived in the house of David 
 Graves; chW. Klizahelh ; Oerrish; Lydia; Abigail. 
 
 KxAPP, Stephen J., wife, Ahnira S. ; danjihter, Harriet N. 
 
 y n > 
 
 Lamb, Samuel, from Colerain ; son of Isaac ; b. Nov. 26, 1811, m. 
 Nov. 29, 1832, Maria Wood, dau. of John ; ch\\. Fanny M., b. Oct. 18, 
 1833, m. Foster Meekins ; Mary E., b. Nov. 12, 1836, m. Harry G. Scott; 
 Clara W., b. Dec. 3, 1815, m. II. L. Macomber; Lucy A., b. March 7, 
 1851, m. Thomas Bidden. 
 
 Lamsox, John, 1772. From Conn. ; built a house N. of S. Lesure's ; 
 blacksmith and innkeeper; m. Mercy Morton ; chil. A/inis, h. Dec, 1774; 
 Annis ; William; Judson ; Lucrelia ; Sophia; Horace; Tirza. 
 
 Lamson, Amasa, son of Samuel and Miriam (Stratton), of Weston ; m. 
 Hannah Crafts, dau. of Reuben; chil. Velorous ; Mary. His mother, INIir- 
 iam, d. at Erastus Crafts's, Jan. 17, 1848, aged 85. 
 
 Lane, John AVim.iam, Rev., son of Charles and Hannah (French) 
 Lane, of S. Newmarket, N. H., b. Sept. 7, 1827 ; m. Aug. 26, 1868, Mary 
 Haynes, dau. of Samuel and Eliza (Spaulding) Haynes, of Townsend; 
 chil. Charles William, b. Nov. 16, 1869; d. Oct. 21, 1870; son, b. andd. 
 ]March 6, 1871 ; son, b. Feb. 12, 1872. 
 
 Larrabee, Bexj.vmIn, son of Thomas, m. July, 1816, Caroline Crafts, 
 dau. of Moses; she d. Feb. 18, 1822; child, Henry. Rem. to Berlin, Vt. 
 
 Leonard, Moses Hayden, b. in Conway, Nov. is, 1796, son of Elijah 
 and Hannah (Hayden) Leonard, grandson of Elijah and Ann (Adams, 
 dau. of James Adams, who was brother of President John Adams,) m. 
 March 19, 1819, Asenath Belden, dau. of Francis; chil. Emily Ruth, m. 
 (1) Spencer Rowe ; (2) Dexter Rowe ; Semantha A., m. William C. Brad- 
 ley; Alfred, d. young; Asenath F., m. Porter H. Snow; Itoxana B., b. 
 July 13, 1828; m. Elihu Belden; Elvira M., m. James Brainard ; Henri- 
 etta D., m. Charles B. Snow. The family rem. to Philadelphia. 
 
 Lesure, Samuel, b. July 23, 1803, son of Samuel and Hannah (Cum- 
 mings) ; grandson of Edward, of U.xbridge ; town clerk, postmaster ; m. 
 May 23, 1834, Lucy C. Buel, dau. of Samuel and Jerusha (Wheeler), b. 
 Dec. 9, 1812; child, Mari Edith, b. Feb. 23, 1842; m. Samuel B. White. 
 The mother of Mr. Lesure d. in W., May 12, 1865, aged 101 y. Im. 12d. 
 
 Locke, John, 1774. A marble worker and brick maker; m. ISIay 12, 
 1774, Ruth Faxon, dau. of Thomas; chil. John; Henry ; Joanna, b. Sept. 
 15, 1778; Lucy, b. Sept, 13, 1781 ; Mary, b. Jan. 30, 1783; Priscilla, b. 
 Nov. 5, 1784; Ruth, bap. in Deerfield, 1787; Nathaniel Reed, bap. 1794. 
 
 LoOMis, Abner.' From Colchester, Ct. : d. April 2, 1812, aged 62. 
 He m. Zilpah Field, dau. of Eliakim ; chil. Sally, b. Aug. 24, 1783; m. 
 Elijah Sanderson ; Jonathan Cotton, h. Oct. 18, 1785; William, b. Sept. 
 26, 1789; Leonard, h. July 30, 1797 ; Luther, b. Nov. 20, 179S. 
 
 LooMis, Jonathan C.^ A carpenter; lived in the Lane ; served in the 
 
2^6 
 
 warof 181i; d. Aujr. 15, 18G4. lie m. Nov. 30, 1810, Electa Stock- 
 bridgo, dau. of David ; chil, Ancfcndte, h. Feb. 21, 1812; m. Sept. 27, 
 183G, Fowler Preston, of Granby, who d. Nov. 18, 1843; Mary, b. Jan. 
 9, 1814; m. June 17, 1838, Rev. John W. Little, of Northampton, who 
 d. June 2, 1842; Almira, b. Oct. 14, 1815; m. June 5, 1866, Horace 
 Manning; Sarah N., b. Oct. 12, 1817; m. Oct. 5, 1842, Reuben H. Bel- 
 den; Elizabeth S., b. Dec. 20, 18J9; m. Feb. 17, 1839, Dr. John D. Lee, 
 of Virginia; Philomda A., b. Oct. 12, 1822; m. May 5, 1857, Ira Brown, 
 of Baltimore, who d. May 13, 1860; Electa L., b. Sept. 1, 1824; m. May 
 14, 1851, Otis Wells, of Hatfield; Calvin S., b. March 26, 1827; Charles 
 P., h. May 10, 1829; m. Sept. 29, 1851, Helen M. Slate, of Northampton. 
 
 LooMis, WiLLiAM.2 A Carpenter; rem. to Williamsburg; d. 1853. 
 He m. (1) Feb. 5, 1812, Rebecca Wait, of Goshen, dau. of Benjamin and 
 Polly (JNIott). [When Polly Mott was a child, the British landed at Mar- 
 tha's Vineyard, where her parents lived, and took nearly all the cattle and 
 sheqi ; through her intercession they left one of her father's cows.] Rebecca 
 d. Dec. 20, 1821 ; m. (2) April 10, 1822, Lucinda Thayer, b. June 22, 1795 ; 
 chil. Luther, b. May 12, 1814; m. (1) Caroline Cowing, who d. June 28, 
 1867; (2) Thankful Lawrence; Maria, b. Feb. 12, 1816; m. Rufus Buel ; 
 Jane, b. June 27, 1818; m. George Bates ; Zilpah, b. Aug. 10, 1820; d. 
 young; Rebecca, b. May 24, 1823; m. William Cowing; Mary, b. Jan. 
 27, 1826; m. Ansel Packard; Charles L., b. June 27, 1828; m. Wealthy 
 Leonard; Francis, b. April 6, 1832; m. Sarah Hillman; Elizabeth A., b. 
 May 24, 1835 ; ra. John Damon. 
 
 LooMis, Lkoxard,2 m.' (1) May 14, 1822, Philomela Arms, dau. of 
 Elijah; (2) Aug. 14, 1828, Clarissa Bardwell, dau. of Obadiah ; chil. 
 Frances A., b. May 20, 1829; ni. Alfred Starkweather; Philomela A., b. 
 Sept. 8, 1831 ; m. E. D. Ashton ; Clarissa B., b. Sept. 23, 1832; Esther 
 Arms, b. Jan. 11, 1836; m. Samuel A. Haynes ; Samuel 0., h. Dec. 4, 
 1838. 
 
 LoNGLEY, Joseph Lymax, son of Jonas, of Hawley, b. Aug. 30, 1824 ; 
 m. June 26, 1855, Jane A. Morton, dau. of Levi; child, Levi H., b. 
 March 31, 1856. 
 
 Lord, Charles, Rev., son of Rev. Henry and Fidelia (Graves) Lord, 
 b. at Williamsburg, Jan. 27, 1816; d. March 28, 1872. He m. Aug. 30, 
 1843, Clarissa Lois Wright, b. Jan. 15, 1817, dau. of Luther and Sarah, 
 of Easthampton; chil. Sarah Delia, b. March 29, 1845; m. Robert Beals 
 Hall; Alice Clara, b. July 11, 1853; d. Dec. 12, 1853; Henry Charles, b. 
 Oct. 14, 1854. 
 
 LovERiDGE, Daniel. . From Deerfield ; m. Dec. 31, 1817, Jerusha 
 Bartlett ; chil. William; Clesson ; and others; rem. to Chicopee Falls. 
 
 Lull, , 1796; lived on Poplar hill; kept a grocery; rem. to Hat- 
 field; chil. Jesse; David; Hannah, m. Seth Field; Pcrsis, m. Festus 
 Frary. 
 
 Lyon, Zebina, 1780; a shoemaker; wife Lydia, d. Aug. 21, 1789, aged 
 60; chil. Arunah ; Lydia, m. May 18, 1784, Reuben Graves; Sevilla ; 
 Samuel, m. July 6, 1790, Esther Baylie. 
 
247 
 
 Manning, Horace, son of Ephraim, b. June 10, 1813; shoemaker; 
 lives S. of Cong, meeting-bouse; m. June 6, 186G, Almira Loomis, dau. 
 of J. C. and Electa. 
 
 Marcy, Gardnkr, 1780; b. 17(52. I\rAi{CY, William, same date. 
 
 ]Marsii, Asa, " the aged," and wife, 1783-1802; a nail maker. 
 
 Marsh, Amos,- Asa,' 1783-1811; lived N. of the Z. Bartlett place; 
 
 rem. to Amherst; m. Elizabeth ; chil. Benjamin, b. Oct. 9, 1778; m. 
 
 Polly Whitney; Calvin, b. Oct. 3, 1780; ra. Anna Smith; Thomas, b. 
 Nov. 24, 1782; Avios, b. Feb. 14, 1785; m. Sarah Church; RuJ'us, m. 
 Camilla C. Church; Sophia, m. jMoses Graves, 2d; Electa, m. Phineas 
 
 Smith ; Betsey, m. Hawley ; Sarah ; Asa ; Millisccnt ; Emerson, m. 
 
 Hawley. 
 
 Marsh, Asa,- Asa,' 17S3; lived on the Levi Morton place ; m. May 20, 
 
 1778, Sarah ; chil. Isaac, b. May 11), 1780; m. Lucretia Bacon; 
 
 David, b. Nov. 7, 1781; rem. to Heath; Olive, b. Sept. 29, 1783; m. 
 Benj. Trask; Amanda, b. July 14, 1791; m. Elijah Hunt; Orange, h. 
 May 31, 1793; Sally, b. Nov. 18, 179G. 
 
 Marsh, Abi^I^vh,- Asa, 1 1782; weaver; wife Bath.sheba ; chil. Lnra, b. 
 Aug. 28, 1784; Lydia, b. Aug. 28, 1786; /or/6, b. Feb. 27, 1789; d. 
 June 11, 1794; Lemuel, b. Dec. 12, 1791 ; Rebecca, b. June 23, 1794. 
 
 Marsh, Thomas, ^ Amos, 2 d. July 17, 182G ; m. Annis AUis, dau. of 
 Russell, who d. Nov. 8, 1839; chil. Almira; Sophia, m. Moses Graves, 
 of Leverett ; Jane, m. Jason Stockbridge ; Norman; Margaret, m. Oba- 
 diah Ingram. 
 
 Marsh, Isaac, 3 Asa,2d. Jan. 14, 1856. He ra. Aug. 6, 1801, Lucretia 
 Bacon, who d. June 19, 1846 ; chil. Lucinda and Lucretia, twins, b. Jan. 
 14, 1802; Louisa, h. Aug. 23, 1805; m. Eli Crafts; Dioight, b. Sept. 10, 
 1807; d. Aug. 17, 1854; Ettfus, b. Oct. 4, 1809; d. Feb. 23, 1845; Im- 
 cre^'o, b. Jan. 17, 1812; d. Aug. 26, 1852; Horatio, b. Aug. 2, 1815; 
 Isaac, h. Sept. 6, 1817; d. Oct. 17, 1839; Emily, b. Oct. 26, 1820; 
 Althca, b. Oct. 23, 1824; d. Dec. 31, 1863; Edwin A., b. Aug. 7, 1827. 
 
 Marsh, Orange, 3 Asa, 2 m. Clarissa Hibbard ; chil. Cotton, m. Eliza 
 Barnum : Trueman, m. Elizabeth Spencer ; Mary S., b. Jan. 4, 1824; m. 
 Thomas S. Dickinson. 
 
 Marsh, Isaac, 1782, built a log house where Elihu Wait aft(;rwards 
 lived; rem. to Conway. 
 
 Marsh, Elijah, lived in the Straits; m. Elizabeth Alden, dau. of Bar- 
 nabas ; chil. Emily, b. 1820; d. Feb. 14, 1844; Joseph, b. 1821; Jona- 
 than; wife Elizabeth, d. Dec. 9, 1855. 
 
 Marsh, Joseth, son of Elijah ; n\. (1) July 20, 1848, Mary E. Jonney, 
 dau. of Reuben, who d. Nov. 28, 1848; m. (2) Mary C. Parsons. 
 
 Masterson, Jame3 ; wife Mary; chil. David, b. March 5, 1863; James, 
 b. Nov. 14, 1864; David, h. Feb. 9, 1868; Eddie, h. Feb. 2, 1870. 
 
 Mather, Benjamin,' 1787; a sea captain; b. Lyme, Ct., Sept. 19, 
 
 1731 ; d. Dec. 25, 1821. He m. Abigail , b. Colchester, Ct., Feb. 
 
 23, 1741 ; chil. Betty Worthington, b. Dec. 17, 1763; Abigail, h. April 16, 
 1765; William, b. Dec. 31, 1766; lihoda, b. Jan. 1, 1768; Elias, b. Oct. 
 
248 
 
 25, 17G9; Samuel, b. March 19, 1773; Josepli and Benjamin, twins, b. 
 March 15, 177G ; CoUon, b. March 4-, 1779, lived in Ashfield ; Marshfield 
 P., b. Jan. 26, 1782. 
 
 Mather, William, 2 a carpenter ; town clerk; m. Tirza Morton, dau. 
 of Daniel; chil. William Woithington, b. Sept. 2, 1790; Electa, b. July 
 28, 1792 ; Ellis, b. April 24, 1794; m. (1) Osee Allis; (2) Horace Morton ; 
 Benjamin Hiram Wolfe, b. Jan. 9, 1796; Sophia, b. March 11, 1797; m. 
 Elisha Babcock ; Mariali, b. March 17, 1798; Harriet, b. April 24, 1800; 
 Hiram Benjamin, b. May 8, 1802 ; Lewis Morton, b. Dec. 28, 1803 ; Nobby, 
 b. Aug. 31, 1805 ; Lewis Morton, b. April 15, 1809. 
 
 Mather, Samuel,2 a carpenter; rem. to Deerfield ; m. Oct. 1, 1797, 
 Mary Anne Emma Hutchins ; c\xi\. Jjucinda ; Electa; Elizabeth. 
 
 Matiieu, Joseph,- a hatter; d. Aug. 13, 1861. He m. (1) June 25, 
 1801, Lucinda Morton, dau. of Dea. Levi, who d. May 17, 1810; (2) 
 Dec. 30, 1811, Adency Graves, dau. of Israel; chil. Qeorge Washington, 
 b. April 11, 1802, d. young; Oeorge W., b. Aug. 27, 1803; Frank, b. 
 Nov. 4, 1805, d. young; Benjamin, b. April 3, 1808, d. young; Frank, 
 b. May 13, 1810; Lucinda, b. March 29, 1813, m. Che^ster Bardwell ; 
 Benjamin, b. Aug. 12, 1815; Julia S., b. Feb. 21, 1819, ra. Rufus Dick- 
 inson ; Joseph, b. June 6, 1821, m. Elizabeth Stoneaker ; Levi Morton, b. 
 June 23, 1823, m. Sarah Hewes. 
 
 Mather, George W.,-^ Joseph, 2 lives in South Deerfield, m. Sarah 
 Wait, dau. of Benjamin. 
 
 Mather, Benjamin, ^ Joseph,^ rem, to Breckenridge, Caldwell Co., 
 Mo. He m. Sept. 14, 1840, Pamilla C. Frary, dau. of Capt. Seth ; chil. 
 D wight Henry, b. March 29, 1845; Myron Holley, b. May 31, 1846; 
 Artemas Chapin, b. Sept. 10, 1848 ; Frank Cooley, b. March 8, 1851 ; 
 Elam Lesure, b. Aug. 7, 1854; Ella Frary, b. Aug. 13, 1860. 
 
 McClellan, Elias B.,4 Daniel,:' Robert L.,2 Rev. Daniel,' b. Oct. 
 11, 1824; from Colerain ; lives on the J. B. Morton Place; m. (1) May 
 28, 1851, Mary A. Fellows; b. March 30, 1828, d. Oct. 23, 1859; (2) 
 March 25, 1863, Esther Newton, of Greenfield ; b. Oct. 24, 1836; chil. 
 Ida Amelia, b. May 17, 1852, d. May 7, 1853 ; Qeorge Briggs, b. July 30, 
 1857 ; Mary, b. Sept. 13, 1864; William Bardwell, b. April 10, 1870. 
 
 Meekins, Emmons, 6 Joseph, ^ Thomas, ^ John, 3 Thomas, ^ Thomas,' 
 b. Jan. 9, 1798, d. May, 1867. He m. July 4, 1820, Elizabeth Wait, 
 dau. of Consider; chil. Ashley, b. May 14, 1821, m. Chloe A.Pierce; 
 Elvira, b. Feb. 27, 1823, m. William Mason ; Trueman, b. Jan. 10, 1825, 
 m. Harriet Williams; Elizabeth, b. Oct. 10, 1826, ni. Oliver Longley; 
 ^?<^us^/, b. Dec. 24, 1828, m. James Clapp ; Foster, b. Aug. 6, 1831; 
 Nancy, b. May 21, 1834, m. Lyman Fales ; Jeannette, b. March 18, 1838, 
 ra. Jolin Smith. 
 
 Mekkins, Foster, ■'' m. June 10, 1852, Fanny M. Lamb, dau. of Samuel 
 R. ; (AiW. Mary Iniogene, b. May 14, 1855; Charles Allen, b. Aug. 17, 
 1860, 
 Merrick, Perez, 1794, a clothier. 
 Miner, John N., son of Daniel; b. Sept. 27, 1840, m. June 6, 1861, 
 
249 
 
 Mary M. Lombard, of Colerain, who d. Sept. 22, 1871 ; chll. Daniel A., 
 b. Sept. 14, 1865; Mem/ Esther, b. Aug. 31, 1871. 
 
 ^loOR, Harvey, a mill-wright ; m. Sophia Bardwell ; chil. Lucy, b. 
 Oct. 19, 1S34. m. John W. Field; Levi, b. Oct. 25, 18:!6; George W., b. 
 Feb. 10, 1842, d. Feb. 1, 184(J ; George, b. Dec. 22, 1846. 
 
 MoOK, James, b. Oct. 9, 1811; m. July 3, 1834, Fidelia UardwcII ; 
 chil. Calvin A., b. March 7, 183G ; Lincoln B., b. Sept. 2, 1837; Joseph 
 K., b. Dec. 13, 1850; Emonj B., h. March lo, 1845; Frank B., b. INIar. 
 29, 1852; Lettie, b. Feb. 25, 1S55. 
 
 Moor Otis, m. Laurette Bardwell, dau. of Cotton. 
 
 Moon, Levi,2 Harvey,' d. April 21, 1870. He m. Nov. 27, 1856, 
 Ellen E. Howe, dau. of Jonathan; chil. Nellie Ardelle, b. Oct. 7, 1857; 
 Benjamin F., b. Jan. 7, 1859. 
 
 Moor, George W .- Harvey,^ m. Feb. 14, 1866, Laurette Bardwell, 
 dau. of Otis; child, John F., b. Feb. 28, 1867. 
 
 jNIorev, John, 1778, built a log-house where Joseph Hill afterwards 
 lived; ra. Dec. 10, 1778, Sarah Turner, dau. of Abiaham ; chil. John; 
 Erastus ; Sarah. 
 
 MoRTOK, Richard,! Hartford, Ct. ; rem. to Hatfield, 1670. Morton, 
 Abraham, 2 b. 1676 ; m. Sarah Kellogg, Morton, Ebeneezer,^ b. 
 1682; m. Sarah Belding. Morton, Jonathan,- b. 1684; m. Sarah 
 Smith. The Mortons, of Whately, were descended from these three 
 brothers. 
 
 Morton, Daniel,-"^ Abraham,- Richard, i b. Dec. 23, 1720; settled in 
 Whately, 1759; d. June 20, 1786. He m. (1) 1743, Esther Bardwell, b. 
 Dec. 16, 1723, d. Oct. 27, 1762; (2) Dec. 6, 1764, Eleanor Wait, d. Apr. 
 1, 1816, aged 86; chil. Hannah, b. Sept. 7, 1744, m. Matthew Graves ; 
 Tabitha, b. July 1, 1746, m. Dr. Charles Doolittle ; Harah, b. Dec. 14, 
 1749, m. Oliver Smith; Mercy, b. Nov. 25, 1751, m. John Lamson ; Jod, 
 b. Dec. 22, 1754; Daniel, b. Feb. 12, 1756; Esther, b. Nov. 3, 1758, m. 
 Dr. Lucius Doolittle; Justin, b. Sept. 25, 1760; Consider, b. Oct. 12, 
 1762; Tirzah,h. Jan. 24, 1771, m. William Mather; Roxa, b. July 26, 
 1774, ra. Isaac Smith. 
 
 Morton, Joel, 4 Daniel, ^ rem. to'^Vt. ; d. May 25, 1849. He m. Apr. 
 5, 1781, Violet Wells ; chil. Jlansell ; Francis; Spencer. 
 
 iSIoRTON, Daniel,'' Daniel,-^ in 1782, built a house opposite Lyman 
 Dickinson's; in 1800, built where James M. Crafts now lives; m. April 4, 
 1793, Sophronia Smith, of S. Hadley, b. March 1, 1775; chil. Erastus, h. 
 Jan. 4, 1794; Justus, b. Aug. 28, 1795; Mary Anne Emma, b. Feb. 11, 
 1797, ra. Russel Wait; Julia A., b. July 22, 1799, m. Sandford S. Perry; 
 Justus, b. April 18, 1801; Abram, b. July 4, 1804; Sophronia, b. ]\lareh 
 18, 1«06, m. Col. Caleb Crafts; Isaac, b. Jan. 16, 1809. 
 
 Morton, Justin,'* Daniel,^ d. Aug. 25, 1855. He m. Esther Harding, 
 who d. May 4, 1850, aged 86 ; chil. Sally, b. June 22, 1784, ra. Thomas 
 Frary; Lewis, b. April 17, 1786; Phila, b. Feb. 9, 17.S>s, m. Dennis 
 Cooley; Sylvester, b. Nov. 19, 1790; Electa, b. 1794, m. Rodoljihus 
 Perry ; Tabitha, m, Ira Perry ; Miranda. 
 
 GO 
 
250 
 
 Morton, Considek,'' Daniel, ^ lived on the homestead ; d. April 1, 
 1854. He. m. Mercy Clark, dau. of Capt. Elisha, of Harwich; she d. 
 Jan. 16, 1<S50, aged 87 ; chil. Nancy, b. Jan. 3, 17.S7, d. young; Charles, 
 b. March 16, 1789 ; WalteT, b. April 3, 1791, d. young; Arnold, b. May 
 8, 1793, d. April 19, 18G0, unm. ; Nancy, b. May 8, 1795, m. John 
 Rowland; Hannah, b. September 10, 1797, m. William Avery Rowland; 
 Walter, b. Doc. 1, 1799; Sophia, b. Nov. 5, 1801, m. Solomon Graves; 
 Eliza, b. !May 13, 1804, m. Hiram F. Stockbridge ; Mercy, b. August 1, 
 1807, m. (1) Caleb Cooley Wells; (2) Jan. 12, 1847, Loyal G. Dickinson, 
 of Leicester. 
 
 Morton, Erastus,^ Daniel,'' rem. to Brunswick, O. ; m. Oct. 21, 
 1814, Prudence Butler; chil. Mary Ann, b. Jan. 28, 1815, m. (1) Isaac 
 Kelley ; (2) John Thomas ; Almira, b. Sept. 3, 1817, ra. Harlow Freese ; 
 John Wesley, b. Sept. 3, 1819, m. Harriet A. Hall ; Jane M. B., b. July 2, 
 1823, m. Francis A. Ward ; Sophronia B., b. March 22, 1826, m. G. W. 
 Hayes ; Erasius, b. Feb. 22, 1830, m. Mary A. Amour. 
 
 Morton, Justus, ^ Daniel,'' removed to Branford, C. W. ; m. Jane 
 McBurney. 
 
 Morton, Abram,^ Daniel, ^ rem. to Madison, Wis. ; m. Lovisa Doo- 
 little ; chil. Charles C, h. Nov. IG, 1837, m. Alice Parke; Kate C, b. 
 March 24, 1842. 
 
 IMoRTON, Lewis,^ Justin, 4 removed to Deerfield ; m. Nov. 29, 1810, 
 Adency Dickinson; chil. Philena, b. Sept. 13, 1811, m. Beriah H. Smith; 
 Jo7/n Van Schuyler, b. June 17, 1814; Esther H., b. July 18, 1816, m. 
 Benj. Ockington ; Alfred, b. Aug. 31, 1819; Chester Earding, b. April 1, 
 1823, m. Jane Stanley; Dorcus A., b. Feb. 12, 1828; Beriah II., b. June 
 
 20, 1831; Marietta, b. Sept., 1834, m. George Moody. 
 
 Morton, Sylvester,^ Justin, "* d. Nov. 11, 1837. Re m. Jan. 20, 
 1812, Lydia Frary, d. Sept. 12, 1832; chil. Achsah, b. Nov. 19, 1812, m. 
 
 Foster Y. Warner; Sylvia, b. Dec. 12, 1814, m. (1) Caldwell; (2) 
 
 Charles Curtis; Huldah, b. Dec. 9, 1816, m. E. S. Robinson; Morris, b. 
 March 12, 1819, m. Eliza Brown; Norman, h. March 23, 1821, m. Jennie 
 Kidder; Collister, b. July 22, 1823, m. AnnaLoper; Luther, b. July 28, 
 1825, m. Lizzie Ottz ; Charles and Channcey, twins, b. Dec. 3, 1827; 
 Chauncey m. Eliza Cleaveland ; Newton, born April 7, 1830, m. Eliza 
 Higgins. 
 
 INIoRTON, Charles, Capt. ,5 Consider,'' m. ]\Iay 28, 1812, Polly Cleave- 
 land; chW. Lorenzo C, b. Aug. 5, 1813; Walter D., b. April 20, 1815; 
 Eliza Ann, b. Jan. 23, 1817 ; George, b. July 20, 1819. 
 
 IMoRTON, John V. S.,c Lewis,^ m. (1) Lucy A. Bartlett, d. 1849; (2) 
 Emeline Chambers, d. March 30, 1803; chil. Anne L., b. July, 1838; 
 Clifford, b. 1840; Isabella Amelia, b. May 9, 1853, ui. John Ballard ; 
 Margarette A., b. April 6, 1856. 
 
 Morton, Beriah l\.,^ Lewis,'' m. (1) Georgianna Willey, d. Sept. 20, 
 1861; (2) Julia M. Whiting; chil. Alice A., b. July 12, 1855; Charles 
 M., b. Nov. 20, 1857; Franklin A., b. Feb. 12, 1860; Alice A., b. Sept. 
 
 21, 1868; William Lewis, b. Oct. 9, 1870. 
 
251 
 
 IMoRTOX, Oliver,^ Ebenczer,'- Ridiard,! b, 1722; in 17GI or 2, built 
 a house just south of the centre burying ground ; d. Sept. IG, 1789. He 
 m. (1) Nov. 10, 1757, Hannah Gillett; (2) wid. Eleanor (Lyman) Pomeroy, 
 b. Oct. 29, 173G, d. Sept. 3, 1825 ; chil. Samuel Qilldt, b. Aug. 12, 1758; 
 Katharine, b. March 20, 17G0 ; Hannah, b. March 12, 17G2, m. Aniasa 
 Edson ; Clarissa, h July 5, 1704, m. Lemuel Train ; Lemuel, b. July 24, 
 17G6; Sarah, h. Dec. 8, 17GS, m. William White; Oliver, h. April 2, 
 1777; Stephen, b. Feb. 4, 1779. 
 
 Morton, Samuel G.,4 Oliver,-"' lived on the homestead; d. Oct. 24, 
 1826. He m. Judith Train, dau. of Peter ; chil. Fatty Shepard, b. July 
 22, 1782; Catharine, b. Oct. 1, 1786. 
 
 Morton, Lemuel,^ Oliver,^ d. June 24, 1813. He m. Jan. 7, 1797, 
 Sarah Bancroft, d. June 2, 1853; chil. Catharine, m. Daniel Kingsley ; 
 Cephas; Maria; Lemuel; Sarah, m. David Bigelow ; Erastus. 
 
 Morton, Oliver,-* Oliver,-* built south of the homestead ; blacksmith ; 
 d. July 29, 1844. He m. April 25, 1799, Johanna Childs, d. Jan. II, 
 1852; chil. Anna Electa, b. Jan. 17, 1800; Rebecca, b. Aug. 11, 1801, d. 
 March 21, 1813; Oliver, b. Aug. 27, 1804; r/ieo(£osm, b. Jan., 1807, d. 
 March 28, 1813; Dolly, b. May G, 1809, m. J. Barber; John Lyman, b. 
 March 20, 1S15; Levi Parsons, b. Sept. 30, 1823. 
 
 Morton, Joux L.,-'> Oliver,* d. May 13, 1866. He m. April 28, 1842, 
 Clarissa S. Wheeler ; chil. Sophia T. W., b. Feb. 16, 1843; Oliver L., b. 
 Aug. 24, 1849; Hubert, h. Aug. 6, 1852; George P., b. July 3, 1856; 
 William W., b. April 6, 1859 ; Alice E., b. May 8, 1862. 
 
 Morton, Levi P.,^ Oliver,'* m. Lucy Ellen Brackett ; child, Herbert 
 Parsons, b. Nov. G, 1867. 
 
 Morton, Simeon,'* Simeon, •'' Ebenezer,- Richard,' b. 1750; in 1782, 
 built on the Daniel F. Morton place ; d. April 23, 1816. He ra. Dec. 24, 
 1778, Sibyl Graves ; d. Jan. 9, 1827 ; chil. Dexter, b. Sept. 4, 1782 ; Bath- 
 s^e&a, b. Sept. 22, 1784; m. James Smith; Reuben, b. Aug. 31, 1786; 
 Martha, b. Aug. 22, 1789 ; Submit, b. March 20, 1792 ; Electa, b. March 
 27, 1794. 
 
 Moinox, Dexter,-'' Simeon,'* d. Feb. 28, 1859. He m. Sept. 29, 1803, 
 wid. Hannah (Munson) Bunce, d. March 5, 1852; chil. Bannister, h. Jan. 
 6, 1805 ; Dennis, h. Sept. 5, 1806 ; m. Nancy H. Nash ; Martha, b. Oct. 
 26, 1807; m. Chester Lyon ; Armenia, b. Jan. 15, 1809; m. John Pol- 
 lard; Cordelia, h. Jan. 15, 1810; m. Nathan'l Sears; Almira, b. Feb. 7, 
 1811; Priscilla, b. Aug. 12, 1812; Electa, b. Aug. 14, 1813; Randall, h. 
 Aug. 17, 1817. 
 
 Mortox, Reubex,'^ Simeon,* lived on the homestead; d. Aug. 6, 1828. 
 He m. March 15, 1810, Mary Frary ; d. Sept. 9, 1852; chil. Lauriston, b. 
 Dec. 18, 1810; d. July 13, 1828; Omri, b. Feb. 17, 1812; Mary, b. Aug. 
 23,1813; d. April U, 1843; Omri, b. July 24, 1815; Daniel F., b. 
 April 13, 1817; Leander L., b. May 22, 1819; rem. to Brunswick, O. ; 
 Alexander H., b. Feb. 22, 1822 ; d. Oct. 8, 1845 ; Lucy Ann, b. July 22, 
 1826 i m. J. P. Wyman. 
 
252 
 
 Morton, Bannister, « Dexter ,5 m. (1) Hannah Graves ; d. April 9, 
 1864; (2) Jullaette C. Ault; child, Laura F. 
 
 Morton, Omui,*j Reuben,'^ m. Sept. 9, 1838, Selecta Carpenter; chil. 
 Edwin L., b, June 29, 1840; d. in the service, Feb. 17, 1862; Mani A., 
 b. Jan. 12, 1843; Ellen M., b. May 18, 1845; Bradley, b. Jan. 15, 1847-; 
 Phesis B., b. Sept. 28, 1850 ; Martj M., b. Dec. 6, 1853 ; Alexander E., b. 
 Sept. 14, 1857 ; Marcius 0., b. March 2, 1859. 
 
 Morton, Daniel F.,^ Reuben,^ rem. to Haydenville and Northampton ; 
 m. Jan. 5, 1847, Cordelia E. Wait, dau. of Thomas ; s. p. 
 
 Morton, Lkandkr L.," Reuben,^ m. Caroline C. Wyman ; chil. Jennie 
 L., b. July 24, 1854 ; d. March 24, 18G3 ; Jessie C, b. Sept. 10, 1856 ; d. 
 March IG, 1863. 
 
 Morton, Da^^d,3 Jonathan, ^ Richard, 1 b. Sept. 12, 1721 ; m. Christian 
 Smith; chil. David, b. May 12, 1751; Levi, b. Oct. 26, 1753; Benjamin, 
 b. 1755; Bulk, b. April 14, 1756. 
 
 Morton, Levi,'' David^ ; deacon ; settled on Spruce hill, 1783; d. April 
 25, 1S16. He m. March 11, 1777, Sarah Allis ; d. April, 1827, aged 70; 
 chil. Sarah, b. March 30, 1778; Lucinda, b. Nov. 11, 1779; m. Joseph 
 Mather; Iaccij, b. Dec. 2, 1781; Chester, b. Oct. 14, 1784; David, b. June 
 20, 1786; Lucretia, b. March 13, 1788; Horace, b. June 20, 1790; Justus, 
 b. Oct. 17, 1792; Moses, b. July 23, 1794; Levi, b. Oct. 23, 1796; Lucij, 
 b. Sept. 28, 1798; m. Rufus Sanderson. 
 
 Morton, Chester,* Dea. Levi,^ m. Nancy Wait; chil. Harriet; Moses ; 
 Charles; Levi. 
 
 Morton, David,* Dea. Levi,< m. Emily Dickinson ; chil. Luci.ida ; Mi- 
 randa. 
 
 Morton, Horace,* Dea. Levi,^ m. wid. Ellis (Mather) Allis; chil. 
 Almira ; Frank. 
 
 Morton, Justus,* Dea. Levi,'' m. Lydia Allis ; chil. Henri/, b. July 22, 
 1825; Dwiyht ; /SVoaZf, m. James Billings. 
 
 Morton, Levi,* Dea. Levi,'' m. Irena Smith; chil. Amoret S., h. Oct. 
 12, 1821; Maria, b. June 16, 1826; Miles B., b. Aug. 6, 1828; Jane A., 
 b. May 20, 1831; Louisa L., b. Jan. 5, 1833; Joseph, b. Feb. 17, 1835; 
 Fidelia, b. Nov. 15, 1836 ; Elvira, b. Aug. 22, 1838 ; m. H. J. Grover ; 
 Elam, b. June 22, 1840 ; AlheH, b. Oct. 14, 1842 ; Liira, b. Feb. 18, 1847. 
 
 Morton, Henry," M. D., Justus,* m. Mary M. Wells, ofBuckland; 
 child, Mary S., h. Sept. 7, 1SG3. 
 
 Morton, Miles B.,** Levi,* m. (1) Loretta A. Graves ; d. June 21, 1866 ; 
 (2) Sarah L. Briggs ; chil. Ella A., h. Sept. 13, 1855; Mary A., h. Aug. 
 6, 1859; Albert H., b. June 25, 1861; Charles D., b. March 13, 1863; 
 Flora M.,\>. Sept. 23, 1865. 
 
 Morton, John Bardwell,* Ebenezer,* Ebenezer,^ Ebenezer,- Richard, ^ 
 b. July 11, 1789 ; d. June 14, 1870. He m. Sept. 23, 1S19, Elizabeth M. 
 White, dau. of John, d. Oct. 24, 1858; chil. Mary E., m. Rev. John A. 
 McKinstry ; Harriet A. ; John W., b. Jan. 21, 1825; Eurotas; Elvira W. ; 
 Judith W. 
 
 Morton, John W.,*^ John B.,* m. Henrietta A. Kingsley ; chil. Austin 
 
253 
 
 Kingsley, b. April S, 1859 ; Eliza White, b. Sept. oO, 1862 ; Louisa Aim ira, 
 b. June 28, l.SGo ; John Bardwell, b. Sept. 11, 18G9. 
 
 Morton, Euuotas,*' John B.,^ ra. (1) Margaret A. Stockbridge ; (2) 
 Fidelia R. Adkins ; child, Gilbert E., h. June 21, 18G8. 
 
 Morton, RiciiAKD Tower, son of Solomon, b. Aug. 1, 1791; in. (1) 
 Mary Davenport ; (2) Electa 15eldcn ; chil. Jlichard T., b. Oct. 18, 1815; 
 Marij D., b. Nov. 22, 1817; m. Theodore Sheldon ; Francis B., b. Dec. 
 3, 1819; m. Electa Skinner; Marcus, b. Dec. 25, 1824; ra. Cynthia 
 Marsh. 
 
 Morton, Richard T., Jr., m. June 1, 1837, Rebecca J. Kittel ; chil. 
 Charles M.,h. Oct. 18, 18-12; Benjamin, h. April 23, 1815; Cecelia, h. 
 May 31, 184G ; i¥am;.?, b. June G, 1850; Theodore S., b. ]\Iay 1, 1S52 ; 
 3lari/ D. S., b. Aug. 21, 1854; Estella, b. Feb. 22, 1861. 
 
 MosuER, Jacob, 1806. From HoUis, N. H. ; m. Mary Pierce; chil. 
 Jacob, h. July 11, 1798; m. Arethusa Hill; iMari/, b. Feb. 7, ISOO; m. 
 A. W. Nash; Solomon, b. Oct. 11, 1802; Lucy, b. Feb. 10, ls()5; m. (1) 
 Heman Swift ; (2) Erastus Graves ; Charles; Ihifus, b. Nov. 7, 1.S14; m. 
 Elizabeth Wait; Clarissa, m. Nelson Munson. 
 
 MosuER, Solomon,- m. (1) Elvira Belden, dau. of Francis ; (2) Lucy 
 Belden, dau. of Reuben; chil. Jalia R., b. April 4, 1825; Alslead B., b. 
 Jan. 4, 1827; Charles, b. March 15, 1829; Ueuben B., b. Jan. 7, 1833; 
 Francis, b. Nov. 26, 1839. 
 
 MuNROE, Calvin, Rev., son of Dr. Abijah, of Surry, N. H., b. about 
 1794; m. Dec. 3, 1835, Vesta Belden, dau. of Seth ; chil. Harriet ; Eliza; 
 Lucelia and Amjasta, twins ; Calvin and Lucy, twins. 
 
 Munson, Moses,' 1784. From Farmington, Ct. ; d. July 13, 1817, 
 aged 72; wife d. Sept. 11, 1796, aged 52; chil. Moses ; Lecina, m. Bez- 
 aleel Smith; Abigail; ^/(««, ra. Samuel Church; Sarah; Margary, m. 
 Jesse Church ; Joel. 
 
 Munson, ISIoses,- ra. May 7, 1789, Phebe INlunson ; chil. Zobeldc, b. 
 Nov. 19, 1789 ; Ijaura, b. Oct. 28, 1791 ; Morris, b. Sept. 2, 1795 ; Moses, 
 b. Oct. 4, 1797 ; Merrick, b. Dec. 29, 1799 ; Merrick, b. March 30, 1801 ; 
 Solomon, b. April 14, 1802; Zobeide, b. June 4, 1805; George W., b. 
 Aug. 24, 1807. 
 
 Munson, Joel,- m. Polly Wait; chil. Erastus, b. Oct. 14, 1800; Alrin, 
 b. Nov. 19, 1802; Alnwn, b. Sept. 11, 1804; Lueretia, h. July 30, 180G ; 
 Soplironia,h. Dec. 30, 1808; Morris, b. April 21, 1811. 
 
 Munson, Reuben, 1 1784. From Farmington, Ct. ; b. Feb. 18, 1750; 
 d. March 20, 1837.- lie m. July 16, 17G9, Sibyl Smith, d. Sept. 7, 1829, 
 aged 78 ; chil. Salmon, b. Sept. 24, 1770; m. Ruth Day; fAicy, b. June 
 3, 1772; m. Nathan Wait; Reuben, b. Feb. 24, 1774; Selah, b. June 28, 
 1776; Reuben, b. Feb. 19, 1778; m. Polly Smith; Joel, b. Feb. 28, 1780; 
 Benjamin, b. March 22, 1782; m. Mary Wait; Mary, b. March 12, 1784; 
 
 m. Phinney ; ,S'%/, b. jNIarch 2, 1786 ; Sit,yl, b. J'eb. 29, 1788 ; Dia- 
 
 dema, b. Feb. 4, 1790; m. Eliphalct Wait ; John, h. Jan. 3, 17!)2; Osee, 
 b. Oct. 3, 1793. 
 
 Munson, Joel,'' Reuben,' m. (!) Patty Mott; d. Aug. 16, 1815; (2) 
 
254 
 
 Julia Hayes ; d. Jan. 21, 1820; (3) Amanda Bardwell ; chll. Lyman, b. 
 Aug. 18, 1807; Champion, b. Nov. 6, 1809; Laura, b. Feb. 18, 1812; m. 
 Cooley Bliss; Nelson, b. Sept. 16, 1817; Julia, b. Nov. 17, 1819; Cotlon, 
 b. March 16, 1826 ; Pnliii, b. June 24, 1828; m. Moses M. Sanderson. 
 
 MuxsON, JoHN,^ Reuben,' d. March 28, 1858. He m. Euphamie Smith ; 
 d. Aug. 15, 1854; chil. Erastus Smith, b. March 11, 1819; William P., 
 b. Aug. 3, 1820; Hiram S., b. Aug. 15, 1824; Art'imi.na A., b. Aug. 30, 
 1826; m. Edwin Bardwell ; Minerva A., h. May 6, 1830; ra. William C. 
 Smith. 
 
 MuNSON, OsEE,2 Reuben,' d. Feb. 20, 1866. He m. (1) Lurilla Smith; 
 d. Sept. 23, 1835; (2) Mary Wade; chil. Rosina D. ; Mary Ann; Dency 
 P.; Weston; Myron C; Hidhert ; I/uman; William 8. 
 
 MuNSON, CoTTON,3 Joel,^ d. Feb. 11, 1865. He m. Martha Damon; 
 chil. Jennie A., b. June 13, 1854 ; Ellen L., b. March 4, 1865. 
 
 MuNSON, Nelson, 3 Joel,^ d. Feb. 13, 1848. He m. Clarissa Mosher ; 
 child. Champion, b. June 26, 1845. 
 
 MuNSON, Erastus Smith, ^ John," lives on the homestead ; m. (1) Sept. 
 
 27, 1844, Christina Scott, d. Sept. 8, 1848 ; (2) Sept. 20, 1849, Minerva 
 Scott; chil, iZetoi M., b. April 1, 1845; m. James Stone; Mary A. D., 
 b. May 1, 1847 ; d. Feb. 26, 1848 ; Lyman, b. Oct. 4, 1850 ; Louisa Perry, 
 b. Aug. 13, 1852; Herbert Smith, b. Oct. 10, 1862. 
 
 MuNSON, Hiram S.,3 John,2 m. Melinda Crossett ; chil. Chester C, b. 
 ]\Iarch 28,'1850; Mary Alice, b. Oct. 8, 1852; Ayyiese I., b. March 30, 
 1857. 
 
 MuNSON, William P. ,3 John,^ m. Rachel Damon ; chil. Minerva ; How- 
 ard 0. ; Eiqihamie ; Ela C. ; John H. ; Oliver ; Selden ; Nelson ; Roslina ; 
 Ellen. 
 
 MuRDOCK, Samuel, lived at Sanderson's Mills a number of years. 
 
 Nash, Abner, 1787. From Amherst; m. Nov. 8, 1787, Hannah Dickin- 
 son ; chil. ^oamm; Content; Theodosia ; perhaps others. 
 
 Nash, Joseph, 1783. From Amherst ; d. May 15, 1804, aged 60. He 
 m. Lucy AUis ; chil. 3fary, b. Aug. 4, 1779; Alpheus, b. May 25, 1781; 
 Joseph, b. March 6, 1783; Cotton, b. May 6, 1785; Chester, b. May 10, 
 1787; Lucy, h. April 2, 1789; Electa, b. April 11, 1791; David, b. Dec. 
 
 28, 1793. 
 
 Nash, Abel W.,^ son of Enos,i b. May, 1799; d. Dec. 3, 1869. He 
 m. July 13, 1820, Mary Mosher; d. March 31, 1863; chil. Charles W., b. 
 April 22, 1821 ; Marietta S., b. June 22, 1827 ; d. Feb. 25, 1844; James; 
 Julia A., m. George W. Frary; Martha D., b. April 22, 1842; m. Stanley 
 Graves. 
 
 Nash, Charles W.,^ m. Julia S. Brown; chil. Miriam Sophia, b. 
 June 22, 1856; E. Cook, b. March 3, 1862. 
 
 Nash, J.vmes,3 m. Almira R. Wood; child, Ernest Winthrop, b. Jan. 6, 
 
 1857. 
 
 Nash, Thomas,? Thomas,*" John,^ Thomas,4 Thomas,'' Timothy,^ 
 Thomas,! of New Haven, Ct., b. Nov. 23, 1812; m. Oct. 10, 1838, 
 Lucinda King, dau. of Isaac; chil. son, b. 1840; Franklin King, b. July 
 
 1 
 
255 
 
 2, 1S42; d. Nov. 2, 1849; Edward W., b. Aug. 23, 1814; Harriet Lu- 
 ci>ida,h. Jii]y 19, 1847; Frank King, b. May 11, 1850; Eden 3f.,h. 
 June 13, 1852; ^far!/ Sophia, b. July 24, 1854; d. Nov. 27, 1809; Susan 
 Litcretia, b. April 30, 1857; Thomas, b. July 29. 1859; d. July 24, 1863. 
 Nasi[, Jonathan W., bro. of preceding ; m. Salome Thayer; chil. Ann 
 Jane, b. Oct. 9, 1832; Sumner Letvis, b. April 13, 1834; Emily Caroline, 
 b. Aug. 10, 1836; Edward Everett, b. Jan. 22, 18.19. 
 
 Nt>LAN, James, m. Margaret Callahan; chil. il/^n/, b. July 17, 1857; 
 Katie, b. June 27, 1859. Noi.ax, John ; wife, Katharine ; child, James, 
 b. Oct. 4, 18G1. NoLAX, INIouias; wife, Kate; chil. James, b. Aug. 3, 
 1869 ; Morris, b. Aug. 26, 1870. 
 
 Norton, Oliver, M. D., 1788-89 ; rem. to Ashfield. 
 
 Orcutt, Stei'IIKX, 1774, from East Hartford, Ct. ; rem. to Tittsford, 
 Yt., where he was k. while raising a bridge ; m. July 22, 1776, Theodora 
 Scott, who d. 1821 ; chil. Stephen ; Zebina. 
 
 OitCL'TT, Stki'MKN,'-' m, 1796, Miriam Frary ; chil. Elcazar, b. Dec. 7, 
 1796; Waller, b. ]\Iay 7, 1799; I'hila ; Trijphena, m. Lucius B. Nutting; 
 Hannah, m. Lemuel Barlow; Lucinda, m. Horace Burke. 
 
 Orcutt, Eleaz.ui,3 m. Jane Giles ; chil. Charles F. ; Ariette ; Edtcin 
 B.; Mary Ann; Bodolphus S. ; Walter. Orcutt, Walter,^ m. Ann 
 Eliza Blatchford ; chil. Miriam F. ; Eleazar F. ; Catharine E. 
 
 Parker, Abraham,'' Isaac,- Joseph,' from Groton ; b. Sept. 24, 1726; 
 built a log hut in Canterbury, 1749; drowned, March 12, 1757. He m. 
 March 16, 1749, Lois Blood, dau. of James, b. Aug. 25, 1727, d. Sept. 27, 
 1814; chil. Lois, b. July 8, 1750, m. John Graves; Abraham, b. May 31, 
 1752; Susanna, b. Feb. 8, 1754, m. Ebenezer Scott; Eunice, b. Jan. 22, 
 1756, m. Jonathan Goodenough ; Benjamin, b. Oct. 11, 1757. 
 
 Parker, Abraham, •! Abraham, ^ m. Abigail Ingram; chil. Abraham; 
 Samuel Ingram. 
 
 Parker, Benjamix,4 Abraham,^ m. Oct. 21, 1782, Hannah Guild, dan. 
 of Jacob ; chil. Asa, b. March 12, 1783; Eunice, b. April 11, 1785; Asa, 
 b. March 5, 1787; Nancy, b. Oct. 18, 1788; Isaach. Dec. 27, 1790; 
 Anna, b. March 11, 1793; Levi, b. Jan. 16, 1795; Jjcvi, b. April 24, 
 1796 ; Electa, b. Dec. 29, 1797 ; Experience, b. Sept. 26, 1799, m. Enoch 
 Nourse ; Caroline, b. Oct. 9, 1801 ; Anna, b. Dec. 28, 1H03. 
 
 Parker, Asa, Capt.,-'"' Benjamin, » d. May 27, 1871. lie m. (1) Hannah 
 Cooley, dau. of Israel, d. April 11, 1822; (2) Hannah Clapp, dau. of 
 Supply ; chil. Levi M., b. March 13, 1817 ; Emerson G., b. Nov. 28, 1819 ; 
 Asa C, b. Jan. 11, 1821 ; Edwin C, b. Oct. 17, 1826 ; Martin C, b. Aug. 
 22, 1828; Orlando L., b. Oct. 15, 1830; Hannah R., b. Oct. 16, 1833. 
 
 Parker, Isaac,'* Benjamin,' m. Diadema Russell. 
 
 Parker, Levi M.,'' Capt. Asa,-'* m. Harriet Nourse; chil. Henry E. ; 
 Mary Ann ; Carrie; Willie. Parker, Asa C.,^ m. Julia Cooley; ciiil. 
 Charles E. ; James H. ; George C. ; Frank; Nellie; Henry //. Parker, 
 Edwin C. , 6 m. Hannah L. Kinnecut; chil. George Martin; Edwin Asa. 
 Parker, Martin C.,** m. Elmina Jones. 
 
 Parker, Daviu, bro. of Abraham ;•"' wife, Sarah, 1772; removed to 
 Ilawley, 1776. 
 
256 
 
 Packer, Ar.rx; wife, Pbcbe, 1771; chil. Silas; Adah; Abel. 
 
 Pease, Solomox, son of Isaac ; from Enfield, Ct. ; built a house in the 
 Straits, which he sold to Solomon Adkins, and rem. to Heath ; rem. to 
 "Winhall, Vt. He was b. Sept. 14, 1751; ni. Keziah Hall; chil. Eostcell, 
 b. Dec. 15, 1778, m. Jan. 22, 1801, Dolly Allis ; Cynthia, b. Feb. 13, 
 1780; Solomon, b. Aug. 27, 1781, m. Mary Wilson, of Shelburne ; Ha7i- 
 nah, b. March 19, 1784; Keziah, b. July 17, 1787; Levi, b. Feb. 25, 
 1792. 
 
 Pease, Jaisez, son of James, b. Mai'ch 30, 1783 ; m. Sibyl Sanderson ; 
 chil. Eliza Ann, b. Dec. 31, 1811, ra. Dr. A. D. Wood ; John E. ; Sarah 
 A., b. Oct. 13, 1817 ; Bobert M., b. June G, 1820, m. Elizabeth Schermer- 
 horn ; George S., b. Aug. 18, 1823; Helen M., b. Nov. 3, 1827, m. George 
 W. Reed ; Charles J., b. May 3, 1825. 
 
 Pease, Hosea, son of Sharon, b. April, 1800, ra. Susanna Shubrook ; 
 chil. George B., b. 1833; Henry C, b. Sept. IG, 1835; Susan A., h. Feb. 
 2, 1837 ; Charles F., b. Jan. 14, 1838; John F., b. June 15, 1841 ; Free- 
 man S., b. 1843; James H., b. Feb. 25, 1848. 
 
 Pease, Henry C.,^ m. June 4, 18G1, wid. Louisa (Smith) Rockwell. 
 Pease, Charles F.,2 m. June, 1SG2, Julia M. Perkins. Pease, John 
 F.,' ra. Dec. 31, 1868, Celestia Witter ; (see p. 165). 
 
 Phileu'S. Richard; wife. Margaret; chil. James; Mary; Catharine; 
 Simon; Eichard; Helen; Margaret ; Richard. 
 
 Phelps, Edward, built the old distillery, about 1818 ; town clerk. 
 
 Pierce, Jonathan, 1778, from England ; a potter ; chil. Elizabetli, b. 
 March 6, 1772, ra. Roger Dickinson; Jonathan; Mary, ra. Clement Far- 
 num ; Fanny, m. (1) Phineas Bennett; (2) Thomas Larrabee. 
 
 Potter, Erastus, m. Matilda Rogers ; chil. Edward ; Josiah Hayden, 
 ra. Lizzie Locke; Charles, h. Aug. 1, 1845. 
 
 Potter, Charles, son of Charles, b. Jan. 2, 1838, m. Frances Wrisley; 
 chil. Nellie, b. May 25, 1866 ; John L., h. March 8, 1868. 
 
 Powers, William D., son of David, b. 1836 ; ra. Nancy Powers; chil. 
 JDavid William, b. Nov. 18, 1858 ; John Simon, b. March 7, 1861 ; Katie 
 Ellen, h. March 25, 1864 ; Hannah Margery, h. May 22, 1866 ; Edmond 
 James, b. Feb. 4, 1869; Mary Nancy, b. Feb. 9, 1871. 
 
 Powers, Morris, son of James, b. March 28, 1854; m. Mary Nolan ; 
 child, Nanne, b. Sept. 30, 1871. 
 
 Pratt, Aaron, 1783. Pratt, Aaron, Jr., 1783; bought the Joseph 
 Belding place ; m. (1) Rachel Smith, d. Mar. 8, 1793 ; (2) Jerusha Brown ; 
 chil. Linns ; Caroline. 
 
 Pratt, Amos, Capt., 1800, m. Mary Brown, dau. of Isaiah ; chil. 
 infant ; Arnold ; Harriet. 
 
 Prutt, George, negro slave of Richard Chauncey ; an original mem- 
 ber of the church ; d. Sept. 18, 1794, aged 75. 
 
 QuiNN, Edmim), son of William, ra. i\Iary Donovan; chil. William, b. 
 Dec. 27, 1864 ; Margaret, b. Jan. 13, 1865 ; John, b. July 23, 1868 ; James, 
 b. Jan. 13, 1870. 
 
 Reed, Simeon,^ Benjamin,^ William,' William,^ James,- William,' 
 
257 
 
 1810, d. Aug. 28, 1S53, aged 64; m. Miranda Morton; ohil. Jennette, b. 
 Jan. 10, 1.S15, m. Alvan Sander.son ; Mary, b. Dec. 2, 1817, m. Stephen 
 Curtiss; Benjamin F., b. Oct. 5, 1819; Ocon/e IV., h. Feb. 23, 1825; 
 Elizabelh, b. Oct. 29, 182G, in. llufus \V. Babcock ; Martha, b. Feb. 22, 
 1829, ra. Henry J. Babcock. 
 
 Rked, Benjamin F.,'' ni. Sarah W. Saundens ; chW. Jane Caroline, h. 
 Feb. 12, 1846; Lucy Amy, b. Feb. 5, 1848; Mary Wheeler, b. Sept. 17, 
 1850; Albert Davis, h. Oct. 17, 1S52. 
 
 Reed, Geoiuje W.," m. Helen ]M. Pease; chil. Oeorye Le Forest, b. 
 Sept. 17, 1848, d. Feb. 17, 1853; Merrill Pease, b. Sept., 1854; Helen 
 Marion, b. Aug: 15, 1857 ; Curtis Babcock. 
 
 RicnAi!i>80N, WiNSLOW, 1778, from Bridgewaler ; ni. ( I ) Uhoda .lohii- 
 son ; (2) 1768, Elizabeth Byrain ; chil. Benjamin ; liulli Ilolman ; Su- 
 sanna ; Josejyh By ram ; perhaps otiiers. 
 
 RoHiNsox, HiUAM, 1817. From Newton; wife Sophia G. 
 
 Rogers, Be.njamin.^ 1779 ; lived on the Daniel Rogers' place. 
 
 Rogers, George,2 d. Oct. 29, 1823, aged 83; wife d. Feb. 2, 1824, 
 aged 83; chil. George; Daniel; Anna. 
 
 Rogers, D.vxiel,'' m. Alinda Hill; chil. Matilda, b. May 21, 1806; m. 
 Erastus Potter ; Philena, b. May 6, 1808; m. Frederick ]\Ioor ; Experioice, 
 b. May 23, 1811 ; m. William Judd ; Bcbecca, h. Oct. 10, 1814. 
 
 Rosevelt, Jacois, a Hessian ; m. JNIartha Crafts, s. p. 
 
 Ruddock, Edward, 1789; m. Martha Sanderson, and had 12 children. 
 
 Sanderson, Joseph, ^ (lineage not ascertained); b. Aug. 30, 1714; 
 settled in Canterbury, 1752 or 3 ; d. March 20, 1772. He ni. (at Groton,) 
 1737, Ruth Parker, dau. of Isaac and Ruth, b. July 2, 17](;; d. 
 Dec. 8, 1780; chil. Biith, h. Oct. 6, 1737; Fsther, b. April 5, 1739; m. 
 Capt. Abel Dinsmore ; Joseph, b. INIarch 8, 1741 ; Anna, b. Aug. 7, 1742 ; 
 
 m. Harvey; /soac, b. April 7, 1744; Thomas, b. March 16, 1746; 
 
 Abraham, b. June 10, 1748; David, b. May 15, 1750; , b. 1752; m. 
 
 Jonathan Spafford ; John,h. March 11, 1754; Asa, b. April 11, 1756; 
 Isaac, b. Oct. 9, 1757 ; James. 
 
 Sanderson, Thomas,^ deacon; lived on the homcfStead ; rem. to Indian 
 hill in 1803; m. (1) Feb. 14. 1771, Miriam Wait, who d. Feb. 21, 1772; 
 (2) Dec. 1, 1774, Lucy Wright; chil. Martha, b. Feb. 10, 1772; m. Ed- 
 ward Ruddock; Miriam, b. Dec. 10, 1775; m. Elihu Russell; Thomas, b. 
 Aug. 24, 1777; Asa, b. Feb. 8, 1779; Alvan, h. Pec. 13, 1780; Elijah, 
 h. Oct. 31, 1782; Liicy, h Nov. 8, 1784; m. Edward Porter; Chester, h. 
 March 30, 1785; Silas, b. July 16, 1791 ; Fli, b. March 24, 1795. 
 
 Sanderson, Asa,2 lived at West Street; d. Dec. 12, 1842; m. Aug. 16, 
 1780, Lucy Scott, dau. of David ; she d. Jan. 26, 1826; chil. Luther, b, 
 Sept. 4, 1781 ; Liicy, b. May 3, 1783; m. Levi Moor; Esther, b. Feb. 25, 
 1785; Calvin, h. April 15, 1788; Electa, b. May 24, 1790; m. Luther 
 Warner; Asa, h. May 31, 1792; Biifus, b. ISIarch 25, 1794; Esther, h. 
 Oct. 19, 1796; Nancy, b. May 23, 1799; m. Aretas Scott; Patty,-h. June 
 14, 18()1 ; m. Chester Brown. 
 
 Sanderson, Isaac,2 lived in West Whately ; d. Feb. 10, 1849; m. (1) 
 
 UK 
 
258 
 
 Submit Montague, who d. Jan. 18, 1793; (2) IMercy Allen; chil. Sieplien, 
 b. Jan. 18, 1782; Diadema, b. Jan, 2G, 1784; Ohed, b. April 30, 1786; 
 TrypTiena, b. Sept. 14, 1788; m. Dr. John Pulsifer ; A/pJicus, b. Dec. 8, 
 1790; Submit, h. Feb. 4, 1795; m. Elihu Ilarvey ; Allen, h. Feb. 25, 
 179G; Eri, b. Nov. 6, 1797; m. Amy Wait; Samuel, b. Oct. 15, 1799; 
 Zilpah, b. Nov. 25, 1800; Horace; Lydia ; Soj^hronia, m. Franklin 
 Brown. 
 
 Sanderson, Thomas, ^ Thomas,- lived on the homestead; d. Jan. 2, 
 1815. He m. Jan. 19, 1804, Lucy Allis ; she d. May 16, 1870; chil. John 
 Chapman, h. 'Nov. 5, 1804; Itodolphus, h. Jan. 19, 1807; 'Thomas, b. 
 April 14, 1809; Almira, b. May 14, 1811; Diana, h. April 24, 1813; d. 
 Aug. 20, 1847. 
 
 Sanderson, Asa,=' Thomas,2 d. Oct. 28, 18C2. He m. Rebecca W. 
 Childs; d. Aug. 26, 1867; chil. Louisa, b. March 19, 1804; Nanctj, b. 
 Nov. 9, 1806; Lemuel C, b. June 12, 1809; m. Orjjah A. Goodwin; 
 Rebecca S., b. Jan. 31, 1812; m. Dr. Sidney Brooks; Asa W., h. July 7, 
 1814; m. Mary C. Moor; Tlieodosia, b. Oct. 10, 1816; ^Zi'«?i, b. Sept. 
 20, 1817; Lucy W., b. March 18. 1820. 
 
 Sanderson, Elijah,^ Thomas,- built where his son Elijah D. now lives ; 
 ensign in drafted militia, 1814; d. Aug. 28, 1823. He m. Jan. 16, 1806, 
 Abigail Arms, who d. Jan. 12, 1864, aged 84; chil. Elijah D., b. Feb. 10, 
 1807 ; Ausii?i, b. Nov 16, 1808 ; Mary A., b. Nov. 8, 1810 ; ra. Col. Hart 
 Leavitt, of Charlemont ; Esther B., b. Dec. 29, 1812; Alva^i, b. March 
 18, 1815 ; William W., b. July 15, 1816 ; Oeorge W., b. July 2, 1818. 
 
 Sandekson, CnESTER,3 Thomas,-; rem. to Ashfield ; m. March 1, 1811, 
 Anna Allis; chil. Sarah Ann, b. Nov. 11, 1811; m. Alvan Perry; Eloii, 
 b. Dec, 1814; Almira, b. Feb. 22, 1816; m. Daniel Williams; Elan, h. 
 June 29, 1818; Thomas W., b. Sept. 22, 1819; ra. Aley Cross; Electa 
 Allen, b. Jan. 30, 1822; m. May 1, 1844, Hon. H. L. Dawes. 
 
 Sanderson, Sii.AS,-' Thomas, 2 lived on Indian hill; d. Jan. 25, 1863. 
 He m. Dec. 6, 1816, Mehitable Wing ; chil. Zelinda, b. Aug. 29, 1817 ; m. 
 Otis Turner; Oliver Bliss, h. 3 \i\Y 22, 1819; Charles Bliss, b. Nov. 19, 
 1820; Isaiah TJwmas, h. Nov. 16, 1823; Elon Chester, h. Dec. 3, 1825; 
 Silas Wright, b. June 3, 1828. 
 
 Sanderson, Eu,^' Thomas,* lived on Indian hill ; d. Oct. 20, 1823. He 
 m. Dec. 16, 1817, Sophia Clark, who d. Dec. 13, 1870; chil. Clymena 
 Sophia, b. Nov. 28, 1818; m. Eleazar Judd ; Asahel W., b. Feb. 8, 1821 ; 
 Eli Wilson, b. Feb. 9, 1823. 
 
 Sanderson, Luther,-' Asa',2 d. Dec. 20, 185G; m. Abigail Starks, dau. 
 of John. s. p. 
 
 Sanderson. Asa,=' Asa,2 d. Sept. 28, 1869. He m. Dec. 22, 1819, Na- 
 omi Dickinson, dau. of Roger, who d. Jan. 23, 1853; chiL Abigail, b. 
 Oct. 8, 1820; Lucinda, h. April 7, 1822; George D., h. Dec. 5. 1823; 
 Nancy M.,\). J Sin. 16, 1825; Lucy A., b. Feb. 10, 1827; liuth B., h. 
 April 26, 1829; George B., b. Nov. 28, 1831; Asa T, h. Aug. 30, 1835; 
 Buth Emma, b. Feb. 18, 1838. 
 
 S^ustderson, Rufus,3 Asa,2 m. Jan. 21, 1824, Lucy Morton, who d. 
 
259 
 
 Nov. 8, 1867; chil. Moses M., b. Feb. 5, 1825; Sarah, b. Sept. 2, 182fi; 
 Alvtm, h. June 5, 1S2.S; Luther, b. March 1(5, ls:]0; Biifus D., b. May 7, 
 1.S32; Charles S., b. April 5, 1834^; 7i(/((S />., b. Sept. 22, is;;7 ; Charles 
 S., b. March 15, 183'J. 
 
 Sandkrson, Allen,^ Isaac,- m. Betsey Frary, of Peru ; chil. Flavia, 
 m. Orrin II. Dawes; Julia; Nathaniel; Cynthia; Sunni'T. 
 
 Sandkksox, Eki,3 Isaac,- m. Dec. 5, 1819, Amy Wait; chil. Saimul, b. 
 Feb. 25, 1820; Jretas T., b. July 2G, 1822; Betsey, h. July 30, 1821; 
 Lovina, h. Nov. 28, 1826; Delight, b. Dec. 15, 1828; Jeremiah, b. July 
 11), 1830; John, b. March 6, 1835; Juliette, b. May 7, 1831). 
 
 Saxdkuson, Samukl,^ Isaac,- d. May 16, 18G2. He m. Auna II. Kings- 
 ley ; chil. Stephen M., b. July 1, 1821); Elizn J., b. Jan. 1!), 183."); I'liny 
 K.,h. Aug., 1832; Susan K., b. Oct. 15. 1834; Edward E., b. Sept. 10, 
 1836; Henry W., b. Sept. IG, 1838; Amelia J., b. Feb. 11, ISIO; Laura 
 A., b. March 18, 18-12; Samuel E., b. June 25, 1811; Kaly L., b. July 
 25, 1846; Ida E., b. Jan. 21, 1848; Jennie A., b. Sept. 1, 1851; Welling- 
 ton H., h. Dec. 1, 1853. 
 
 Sandkhsox, IIokack,-' Isaac,^ d. Aug. 11, 1852. He m. Aurilla Ames, 
 who d. March 18, 1847; chil. Alpheus ; Jemima; Sumner; Ilenry ; Expe- 
 rience ; Fanny. 
 
 Sanderson, Elijah,-* James, 2 d. INIarch 24, 1850; m. Sally Loomis, 
 who d. Nov. 27, 1854 ; chil. Sumaniha, h. Nov. 26, 1805; Luther, h. May 
 31, 1808; Louisa, b. July 8, 1810; m. Seth AVilliams ; Hannah G., h. 
 Sept. 2, 1812; m. II. B. Fo.k ; Calvin, h. Feb. 2, 1814; Mary, h. Aug. 
 31, 1815; m. Elnathan Graves ; Electa S., h. Dec. 25, 1816; ni. Zebina 
 Hunt; James Merrick, h. Jan. 11, 1824. 
 
 Sandkkso.v, John €.,•* Thomas,^ ni. Julia Stockbridge ; chil. Sarah 
 ^., b. July 1(5, 1831, m. Harrison D. Strong; Edward C, b. Dec. 24, 
 1833 ; Lucy A., b. April 13, 1835, m. Alfred S. Belden ; Thomas, b. Nov. 
 13, 1837; Mary J., b. May 24, 1840, m. Edward A. Scott; Mby I)., b. 
 June 17, 1844, d. June 13, 1860; Henry R., b. Jan. 7, 1848, m. Martha 
 Cooley. 
 
 Sanderson, Rodolphus,'* Thomas,^ killed, Dec. 4, 1867 ; m. Harriet 
 Clark ; s. p. 
 
 Saxdeijson, Elijah D.,' Elijah,' m. Sept. 4, 1S37, Zelinda Wing; 
 chil. Silas Austin, b. Nov. 15, 1838; Walter W., b. July 25, 1843; Jane 
 Elizahdh, b. Oct. 22, 1847. 
 
 Saxdei;sox, William W.,* Elijah,' m. Rachel B. Aldrich ; chil. Al>l>y 
 L., b. July 5, 1846; Nnrton W., b. Aug. 17, 1848; Etta, b. July, 
 1855. 
 
 Sanderson, Charlks B.,^ Silas, ^ m. (1) Laura W. Remington, d. 
 December 25, 1861 ; (2) Helen Ilurlbut, d. Oct. 21, 1863 ; (3) Aurelia II. 
 Damon; chil. inj'ant, b. Sept. 10, 1863; Charles Allen, h. Seiytc.mhar '.], 
 18G5. 
 
 Saxderson, Elon C," Silas, ^ m. Jan. 4, 18IS, Abby H. Rice. dau. of 
 Philemon, b. Oct. 2, 1821); chil, Charles A., h. May 21, 1850; Abl>y, b. 
 
260 
 
 May 9, 1852 ; Afatiie Ann, b. Aug. 21, 1854 ; Lavra Abbij, b. Oct. 4, 1859 ; 
 George Elon, b. Sept. 27, 18G4. 
 
 Sanbkrsox. Asahkl W.," EH,^ d. Sept. 24, 1863; m. Feb. 5, 1861, 
 Lucy S. Saunders, dau. of Dea. David; s. p. 
 
 Saxi>ei{Sox, Em W.,* Eli,^ m. Feb. 27, 1861, Mary Rebecca Haskell, 
 dau. of Perez, b. July 29, 1832 ; child, Lncy Wricfhl, b. July 4, 1864. 
 
 Sandersox, Moses M.,* Rufus,^ m. Martha Munson ; chil. Li/itran M., 
 b. Aug. 16, 1854 ; Laura A., b. Feb. 22, 1858 ; iwy A., b. Oct. 3, 1860 ; 
 Lincoln B., b. June 28, 1862 ; Lennie C, b. Jan, 16, 1869. 
 
 Sanderson, Ai.van,'* Rufus.^* m. Martha M. Field ; chil. Mary Isabel, 
 b. Dec. 22, 1857 ; Faniiy Maria, b. Jan. 22, 1867. 
 
 Sanderson, Rufus D.,'' Rufus,^ ra. (1) Lucinda C. Dickinson, d. May 
 13,1862; (2) Eva M. Bowman ; chil. Ndlle Ltulnda, b. Oct. 5, 1867; 
 Albert Bowman, b. Aug. 13, 1869. 
 
 Sanderson, Charles S.,* Rufus,^ m. Louisa E. McCoy; chil. , 
 
 b. July 23, 1867 ; Charles M., b. March 28, 1869. 
 
 Sanderson, Stephen M.,4 Samuel,^ ra. January 1, 1852, Eliza B. 
 Brown. 
 
 Sanderson, Edward E.,^ Samuel, ^ m. Nancy Wait; chW. Eliza Jane, 
 b. July 6, 1860; Susan M., b. Jan. 28, 1862; Francis E., b. Aug. 18, 
 1864; Pliny S., b. Sept. 11, 1866; Nettie Maud, b. July 24, 1868. 
 
 Sanderson, Edward C.,^ JohnC.,'* m. Helen C. Gray ; chil. Edward 
 Bandall,h. July 20, 1862; son, b. Jan. 25, 1864; Oertrude Gray, b. Feb. 
 20, 1865. 
 
 Sanderson, TnOMAS,^ John C.,^ m. Abby M. Bardwell ; chil. Fred. 
 Lxjman, b. Dec. 20, 1863 ; Willis Chapman, b. Jan. 30, 1866 ; Katie Bell, 
 b. June 9, 1869; Frank Percy, b. Sept. 8, 1871. 
 
 Sanderson, Henry R.,^ John C.,^ m. Martha Cooley ; child, Harry 
 F., b. May, 1868. 
 
 Sanderson, David, 1800; chil. Arad, b. Oct. 23, 1795; Lucy, b. 
 Sept. 24, 1797; child, b. Aug. 25, 1799; Stulham,h. July 3, 1801. 
 
 Saunders, David, Dea., 1815, from Mason, N. H. ; b. Feb. 9, 1791, 
 d. June 1, 1864. He m. Amy Wheeler, dau. of Timothy, b. Sept. 18, 
 1793; chil. WiUiam, b. April 15, 1814; Albert D., b. Sept. 15, 1816, m. 
 Jane E. Tileston, d. Oct. 8, 1862; Lucy Stone, b. July 1, 1821; Sarah 
 Wheeler, b. April 6, 1823. 
 
 Sartle, or Sartwell, Nathaniel, 1770, ra. a daughter of Adonijah 
 
 Taylor. 
 
 Scott, William,' of Hatfield; wife, Hannah Allis. Scott, Josi.ui,^ 
 wife, Sarah Barrett. Scott, Joseph,2 wife, Lydia Leonard. 
 
 Scott, Benjamin, ^ Josiah,^ William,! b. IMay 31, 1708; settled in 
 the Straits very early; d. Aug. 1, 1792. He m. Jemima Tuttle, who d. 
 April 13, 1802, aged 88 ; chil. Jemima, m. Jonathan Graves of Sunder- 
 land; Benjamin; James; llieodora, m. Stephen Orcutt ; Elijah; perhaps 
 
 others. 
 
 Scott, Benjamin,^ Benjamin,^ d. Aug. 12, 1821, aged 78. He m. 
 
261 
 
 (1) Abigail Belding, d. June 2, 180G ; (2) Lois Brown, of Dunstable, d. 
 July l."), 1832, aged 92; s. p. 
 
 Scott, J.vmks,' Benjamin, :' d. Fob. 4, 1778. He m. Sarah ; chil. 
 
 £'/a.s7«,s', bap. Nov. 5, 1775; Jainca and Consider, twins, bap. Oet. 19, 
 177G. 
 
 Scott, Elijah,-' Benjamin,^ d. Oct. 22, 18;>0, aged 71. He m. I^ersis 
 Scott ; s. p. 
 
 Scott, David,''' Joseph,'- William,' b. Aug. IS, 1717, (see p. 61); known 
 as " Master Scott ;" a mighty hunter ; d. April 7, 1812. At the time of 
 bis death he had 218 descendants. He m. (1) Dec. l."), 17;)9, Esther Bel- 
 ding, d. Sept. 20, 17(51 ; (2) Submit Belding, (sister of Reuben) b. Sept. 
 30, 1732, d. July G, JS09: chil. Mcrn/, b. Oct. 25, 1740, ni. Board- 
 man; Lijdia, h. Jan. IG, 1742, m. Lemuel \Yells ; lihoda, h. July 1, 1745, 
 m. Zebediah Graves ; Luci/, h. May 5, 174G ; Dacid, b. Sept. 19, 1748; 
 Abd, b. April 15, 1751; ^dah, b. Nov. 19, 1753; Fhuicas, b. March 13, 
 175G ; Luri/, h. July 14, 1758, m. Asa Sanderson; Esther, b. July 20, 
 17G1, ni. Capt. Seth Frary. 
 
 Scott, David, Capt.,' David,-' d. May 31, 1812. He m. (1) Esther 
 Frary; (2) Sarah Field ; i:\\\\. Anna, m. Aaron Gates; Justin, m. J.,ydia 
 Frary; Daniel, m. Roxa Smith; Charles, m. Hannah Frary; Irene, m. 
 Leonard Cooley ; Olicc ; ^'A"//ier, m. Justin Bardvvell ; JJarid, h. Feb. 23, 
 1793; (S<7ra/(, m. Edward Ruddock ; Sojjhia, m. Spencer Bardwell. 
 
 Scott, Aukl,' David,-' lived on the homestead ; d. Jan. 1, 1837. He 
 ni. (1) Martha Graves, d. Feb. 12, 1802; (2) Jerusha Crafts, d. Dec. 15, 
 1845; chil. Sid>mit, b. Jan. 19, 1783; Submit, b. Jan. 24, 1784; Abel, b. 
 Nov. 5, 178G ; Abel, b. Oct. 7, 1788 ; Judith, b. July 17, 1790, m. Oliver 
 Dickinson; Ambrose, b. Sept. 17, 1792; Martha, b. Sept. 2, 179G, m. 
 Randall Graves. 
 
 Scott, Selaii,-i David, ^ d. Oct. 9, 1826. He m. Mary Dickinson, who 
 d. Sept. 27, 1841; chil. Folly, b. May 24, 1784, m. Daniel Dickinson; 
 Charlotte, b. April 22, 1786; infant, b. and d. Dec. 12, 1788; Salli/, b. 
 Sept. 29, 1791, ra. Cotton Crafts ; Selah, b. Feb. IG, 1795; Horaee, b. 
 June 30, 1799. 
 
 Scott, Piiixkas,' David,'* rem. to ILiwley ; d. April 1, 1844. He m. 
 Dec. 26, 1776, Rhoda Crafts, who d. April 3, 1,S46 ; chil. Fatty, b. Dec. 
 29, 1779; Reuben, b. May 7, 1782; Fhineas, b. Oct. 17, 1784; Ehoda, b. 
 July 7, 1786; Asn, b. Oct. 8, 1788; Iteuben, b. April 11, 1791; Miriam, 
 b. Sept. 23, 1793; Calvin, b. March 12, 1796; Luther, b. Aug. 22, 
 1798. 
 
 Scott, Aiikl,^ Abel,-! d. Sept. 11, 1S41. He m. Nov. 20, 1823, 
 Fariatia Harding, dau. of Abijah ; chil. Adaline, U. Dec. 4, 1825, m. Noah 
 ]>ickinson ; Ambrose, h. Dec. 10, 1828. 
 
 Scott, Hokace,^ Selah,4 d. Jan. 8, 1865. He m. Dec. 23, 1819, 
 Matilda Graves ; chil. Charlotte, b. Oct. 4, 1820, m. Bernard Hastings ; 
 Martha S., ra. Trowbridge Smith; Luther G.; Uarrison O. ; Mary ^Inn, 
 ra. Geonge A. Wood. 
 
 Scott, DaviDjI^ David,'' Capt. David,' b. Aug. 28, 1832; ra. ^'anny 
 
2G2 
 
 W. BardwL'U; diil. Idaleite L., b. Jan. 30, 1860; AnnaE., b. Dec. 27, 
 1868; JohiF., b. Jan. 17, 1870. 
 
 Scott, Luther G.,6 Horace,-' m. Mary J. ; chil. Charlotte Eliza- 
 beth, b. Feb. 14, 1859; Sarah Matilda, b. Jan. 23, 1861. 
 
 Scott, Harrison G./' Horace, ^ enl. in Co. D., 52d Reg. Inf. M. V., 
 and d. July 10, 1863, at Port Hudson, La. He ni. Mary E. Lamb ; chil. 
 Ida Maria, b. April 9, 18^7 ; Harry Duane, b. Nov. 12, 1859. 
 
 Scott, Joseiti,-' Joseph, 2 William, i (bro. of David, 3) b. about 1722; 
 settled first near "Mother George;" and very early in the Straits, — on 
 the Jabez Pease place ; d. June 4, 1776. Hem. Margaret Belding ; chil. 
 
 Ebenezer, b. April 22, 1750 ; Joel, h. Oct. 9, 1751, m. Bacon ; Peggy, 
 
 m. David Blodgett; Joseph, b. 1754, m. Mary Blood; Oad, b. 1756; 
 Lucius, m. Dec. 28, 1790, Dorothy Carley ; Abraham; Hepzihah, b. 1764; 
 Isaac; Israel; Lydia Leonard, b. 1768 ; Submit, b. 1770. (While Mr. Scott 
 was living on " Mother George," one Sabbath morning, a deer was found in 
 the barn-yard with his cattle. He was poor, and, as they were out of pro- 
 visions, and the snow was deep, his wife urged him to make a virtue of 
 necessity, and shoot the deer. But he refused, declaring that " if the 
 Lord intended it for him. He would send it some other day." A few days 
 after, the deer came again, when he shot it.) 
 
 Scott, Ebenezer,^ Joseph,^* d. Oct. 11, 1821. He ra. Aug. 14, 1781, 
 Susannah Parker, who d. Aug. 15, 1845, aged 91; chil. Lydia, h. June 
 14, 1782; TJiaddetis, h. June 14, 1785; Susannah, b. July 6, 1787; Ebe- 
 ji-ezer, b. July 22, 1790; Sophia, b. June 12, 1794; Joseph, b. March, 
 1796. 
 
 Scott, Joseph, 4 Joseph, ^ m. Mary Blood; chil. Charles, m. Ruth 
 Wells ; Consider ; Learned, ni. Fanny Dickinson ; Andrew, m. Sarah Nash ; 
 Melinda, m. Kellogg. 
 
 Scott, Abraham, -i Joseph, ^ d. June 14, 1809, aged 41; m. Elizabeth 
 Smith, dau. of Philip; chil. Content Wait, b. Jan. 22, 1789, ra. Charles 
 Blodgett, of Wilmington, Vt. ; Aretas, b. Aug. 16, 1794. 
 
 Scott, Israel, ■* Joseph, 3 m. (1) Alice Sampson ; (2) Hannah Cowles ; 
 chil. Alice; Ritfus; Clarissa; Hannah; Aaron; Irene. 
 
 Scott, Thaddeus,^ Ebenezer, ^ d. Aug. 11, 1836; m. Rachel Doty; 
 chil. Qad, b. Sept. 17, 1812; James, b. Oct. 26, 1814, m. Lucy Scott ; 
 Elizabeth, h. Dec. 10, 1816, ra. Horace Wight; Caroline, b. Sept. 16, 
 1819, m. Edwin Harris ; Almira, b. Aug. 11, 1821, ra. Franklin Browning; 
 Alphcus and Lcbbeus, twins, b. Oct. 14, 1824; A. m. Julia Russell; L. ra. 
 Aurelia Miller. 
 
 Scott, Aretas,-'' Abrahara,'' d. Feb. 17, 1848. He m. Nancy Sander- 
 son, dau. of Asa, d. April 6, 1859; chil. Mortimer; Artem.as, b. Nov. 18, 
 1818, m. Susan Morton; Lucy, b. Nov. 14, 1820, m. James Scott; Alma, 
 b. Nov. 30, 1822, m. Franklin Field; Abraham, b. Jan. 6, 1825; Martha, 
 b. March 8, 1827, ra. George A. Graves ; Maria, b. March 15, 1829, m. 
 A. N. Claghorn ; Minerva, twin to jNIaria, d. aged 14; Sophia E., b. Mar. 
 11, 1831, m. George W. Bliss; xVa«ry S., b. Sept. 25, 1834, m. H. O. 
 

 -tr 
 
 i//U£jp0^c^t^UUc 
 
 
268 
 
 Ilockwood; C/;^n-/c.s' yl.. b. April 6, 1837 ; E'Jvard A., b. June 3, 183'.> ; 
 Mary E., b. Oct. 16, 1841, m. Henry C. Batchclor. 
 
 Scott, P]dwai:i) A. ,6 Aretas.-'' m. JIary Jane Sanderson ; child, Herbert 
 Batchdnr, b. Aug. 'Jo, 1863. Scott, Ch.vkles A.,'^ Aretas.^ m. Maria 
 Tiiompson ; cliihl, Winifred, b. Fel)., 1862. 
 
 Skxtox, Krius, rem. to Williamsburg ; son, IxuJ'us. 
 
 Sexton, Calvin, 1787, m. IMary Nash; chil. Luther, b. Sept. 30, 1800; 
 Mary, b. June 19, 1802; perhaps others. 
 
 Sexton, Daniel, on a committee, Feb. 12, 1790. 
 
 Seymour, Charles N., Rev., son of Charles, of Hartford, Ct. ; b. 
 April 4, 1817; ni. July 9, 1844, Henrietta Boardman, dau. of Sherman, 
 of Hartford ; had ten children ; three only survive, — Sarah ; Kate ; 
 Alfred. 
 
 Shattuck, Oliver, Capt., 1774, son of Samuel; b. July 29, 1751; 
 lived on the Eben. Barnard place; rem. to Hawley, 1787; d. Aug. 27, 
 1797. He m. Nov. 10, 1772, Lucy Parker, dau. of Nathaniel, of Groton, 
 b. Jan. 30, 17.')1 ; chil. Lucy, b. Sept. 7, 1773; Amile, h. Jan. 28, 177;"); 
 Lxey, b. Sept. 14, 1776 ; Oliver, b. ]\Iay 11, 1778; Amile, b. Dec. 30, 1779 ; 
 rull,/, b. Sept. 19, 1781; Justus, b. March 1, 1783; Pliny, b. DecT 8, 
 1784 ; Henry and Harriet, twins, b. May 13, 1786 ; Eleeta, h. July 5, 1788 ; 
 Calvin, b. July 30, 1790; Thera, b. Aug. 1, 1792. 
 
 Smith, Elisiia,'* Jonathan,^ Philip,- Samuel, i b. July 10, 1705 ; was 
 one of the original settlers in the Straits ; known as " Goodman Smitli ; " 
 d. Nov., 1784. He m. Sarah Field, who d. Aug. 17, 1795, aged 88; chil. 
 Benjamin, b. Nov. 5, 1728; Phili]/, b. July 2, 1730; Abigail, h. July 2, 
 1732; Paul, b. June 21, 1734; Silas, h. Aug. 15, 1736; Sarah, b. Aug. 
 6, 1738; ElitiJia, b. Oct. 13, 1740; Jonathan, b. Aug. 18, 1742; Eleanor, 
 b. Aug. 14, 1744; Mary, b. July 14, 1746, m. John Wait; Oad, b. Jan. 
 23, 1749; Esther, h. Dec. 8, 1751, m. Joseph Hill. 
 
 Smith, Benjamin,^ p]lisha,4 wife, Mehitable; chil. Posu-dl ; Elihn i 
 Mary, m. Josiah Gilbert; Elijah; Lsaac, bap. March, 1772, ni. Koxa 
 Morton; Solomon, ni. Polly Pratt; Raehel, m. Amos Pratt. 
 
 Smith, Philip,^ Elisha,'' d. Aug. 30, 1806. He m. Eli/abeth (Jraves, 
 dau. of Samuel, d. March 11, 1813, aged 88; chil. Jjueinda, b. April 10, 
 1759, m. Philo Bacon; Phinehas, b. Aug. 30, 1760, d. Nov. 2, 1777; 
 Bezaleel, h. Feb. 10, 1762; Zilpah, h. Jan. 4, 1764, m. Jesse Guild; 
 P/a7/;9, b. May 3, 1766, d. Jan., 1821 ; Elizatteth, b. April 28. 176S, m. 
 (1) Abraham Scott; (2) Abijah Harding; Asa, b. June 8, 1770; Amasa, b. 
 March 30, 1772; Mary, b. ]\Iarch 24, 1774, m. Nathan Rodgers ; Martha, 
 b. March 24, 1774, m. Joseph Guild. 
 
 Smith, Pai-l.^ Rev. ElishaMived on Grass hill; d. Aug. 31, 1798. He m. 
 May 2, 1758, Elizabeth Smith, dau. of John, of Hatfield; d. July 3, 1^1 t ; 
 chil. Adna ; Bnfus, m. Anna Munson ; Miriam, in. Thomas Castvvell ; John ; 
 Eleeta; Polly, b. Nov. 9, 1769; ni. Elijah White; Sally, bap. April 2(!, 
 1772; m. Elihu White; Calvin; Submit, bap. May 8, 1774; m. Lucius 
 Graves; Clarissa, bap. April 25, 1775; m. Justus Frary; lioxa, baj)!. 
 Oct. 31, 1779; m. Daniel Scott; Betsey, bap. Sept. 17, 1781; m. Asa 
 
2G4 ^ 
 
 Wells ; Lydin, bap. May 28, 1782 ; Hannah, m. Elisba Billings ; Elislia, 
 bap. June II, 1786; m. Sophia Harding. 
 
 Smith, Sii.a.s,'* Elisha,^ d. Dec. 2, 1805; m. Lavinia Houghton, of Ster- 
 ling; chil. Lavinia, m. Enos Morton; Lucreliu, ni. John Graves; Emily, 
 m. John Dickinson ; Catharine, ni. John Nutting ; Silas, ra. Fanny Field; 
 Levi, m. Cynthia Wait; Eunice, m. Elijah Graves. 
 
 Smith, Eu.sHA,5 Elisha,4 moved West; d. Oct. 30, 1789.; wife Sarah, 
 d. Aug. 17, 1795; chil. Elislia, b. Feb. 16, 1779; perhaps others. 
 
 Sjutii, Jonathan, 5 Elislia,' lived east of the Baptist niccting-house ; d. 
 Feb. 9, 1S09. He m. Elizabeth Chauncey, dau. of Richard; chil. Jcrusha, 
 bap. Oct. 20, 1771, m. Joel Brown; Experience, m. Obed Dickinson; 
 
 il/«r<in, bap. June 4, 1775; m. Crittenden; Eunice, bap. June 20, 
 
 1779; David, bap. March 29, 1781; m. Elizabeth Hill; Jonathan, b. 
 1782; m. Hannah Allis ; Sefh, h. Jan. 19, 1781. 
 
 Smith, Gad,-'^ Elisha,*! a leading business man; m. Jan. 1, 1778, Irene 
 Wait, dau. of Elisha ; chil. DoUi/, b. Feb. 20, 1779 ; m. Israel Wells ; 
 Joseph, b. Feb. 23, 1781 ; m. Lura Allis; Paulina, b. Sept. 20, 1786; m. 
 Dec. 29, 1801, Samuel Belding ; Gad, b. Dec. 19, 1788; m. Rhoda 
 Ba?tlett; /So^^/ua, b. Oct. 30, 1790; m. Aug. 2, 1810, Samuel Bartlett ; 
 Justin, h. Sep. 28, 1793; Horace, b. March 23, 1795; m. Alice Scott, 
 dau. of Israel. 
 
 Smith, Roswell,6 Benjamin,'' m. j\Iary Pratt, of Deerfield ; chil. Solo- 
 mon, bap. April 6, 1782; Alinda ; perhaps others. 
 
 Smith, Elijah,* Benjamin,^ d. April 27, 1806 ; m. Miriam Morton ; 
 chil. Chester, b. Aug. 30, 1794; Oliver, b. April 14, 1800. 
 
 Smith, Isaac,*"', Benjamin,^ m. Oct. 21, 1792, Roxa Morton, dau. of 
 Daniel; chil. Henry, b. Oct. 21, 1792; Benjamin, b. Aug. 2, 1794; Ma- 
 tilda, b. Nov. 20, 1796; Bodtiry, h. Feb. 3, 1798; Boxa, b. Oct. 25, 1801. 
 
 S.mitii, Bkzaleel,6 Philip, 5 lived in Canterbury ;d. March 3, 1818. He 
 m. Aug. 13, 1787, Levina Munson, dau. of Moses; she d. March 9, 1837; 
 chil. Phinchas, b. Oct. 17, 1788; m. Electa Marsh; Osee, b. Oct. 3, 1790; 
 Lydia, b. Jan. 25, 1793; d. young; Adah, b. Jan. 3, 1795; m. Francis 
 Ball; Spencer, b. Nov. 24, 1796; m. Zelinda Allis; Lyman, b. Dec. 16, 
 1798; Sally M., b. Feb. 3, 1801; m. Wells Allis; Oliver, b. Feb. 26, 
 1803; Lydia, b. Dec. 29, 1804 ;m. John Allis; Patterson, b. Dec. 24, 
 1806, m. Sarah Meekins ; Lathrop, b. March 24, 1809. 
 
 Smith, Asa, 6 Philip,^ d. Dec. 28, 1835. He m. Judith Graves, dau. of 
 Oliver ; she d. Sept. 9, 1855 ; chil. Alanson, b. Nov. 9, 1797 ; Fidelia, b. 
 Nov.il, 1799, m. Joel Adkins ; Martha, b. Sept. 12, 1801, m. Selah 
 Graves; Matilda, b. Oct. 16, 1803, m. James Graham; Mary, b, Aug. 24, 
 1805, d. young; Asa, b. Aug. 14, 1809 ; Oliver Graves, b. Nov. 26, 1810; 
 Salmon Edson, b. Oct. 8, 1812; Eliza, b. Jan. 12, 1814, m. Joshua C. 
 Ashley ; Mary, b. Dec. 20, 1817, m. Jonathan Ashley. 
 
 S.MiTH, Ai>NA,6 Paul,^ rem. to Williamsburg; m. Jan. 11, 1780, Keziah 
 Humes; chil. Sarah, bap. May 28, 1782; perhaps others. 
 
 S.MITH, RuFUS, Capt.," Paul,-'"' lived on Grass hill ; m. (1) Anna Munson, 
 d. Aug. 7, 1816; (2) Abi Atkins, d. Oct. 30, 1849; chil. Euphamie, b. 
 
Dec..", 1794, m. .lolm Miiiison ; Ashleij, 1). April 11), 1791); Henry, h. 
 March JG, 171)8; llimm, b. April 4, I.SOO; Rufas, b. Feb. 11, 1802; Wil- 
 Unm, b. Dec. 20, 180;3; Alanzo, b. Sept. 24, 180.5; Nannj, b. March 2;'), 
 1807, 111. Abel Perry; James M., b. May 10, 18(t'.); Louisa, b. .Inly 16, 
 1811, in. Austin Kin<;sley ; Liiri/ M., b. Feb. ir>, 1814, m. Frederick Stone ; 
 Mary Ann, and Klizabclh, twins, b. Aug. 7, 1816. 
 
 Smith, Sii-AS,'5 Silas,^ rem. to Buckland ; d. July 19, 18.58. He m. 
 Sept. 20, 180;5, Fanny Field; chil. AIj>ha, b. Nov. n, 1801, m. Lucy Rud- 
 dock; Bertha, b. March 19, 1806, ni. lOnocli Kenyon ; Merrick, b. Sept. 
 
 19, 1807, m. Calista rhillips ; Maria, b. Dec. 19, 1808, n(.. Josiah Booth; 
 Fanny, b. Dec. 4, 1810, m. Franklin Ware; Laura, h. April 24, 1812, ni. 
 Horace Burcham ; Hilas, b. Sept. 16, 18i;5, m. Clara Parker; Ilduijlitem, 
 b. Dec. 7, 181."), ni. Miriam Stevens; Austin, b. Dec. '2>i, 1817, m. Harriet 
 Davis. 
 
 Smith, David,*' Jonathan,-^ lived on Mt. Esther; d. July 2, 182.}. He 
 m. Jan. 24, 1811, Betsey Hill, d. Sept. lo, LS.'JO ; chil. Obed ; Martin; 
 Miranda. 
 
 Smitit, Jonathan, *> Jonathan,'' m. Xov. 6, 1794, Hannah Dickinson; 
 chil. Abigail, b. May 15, 179.5; Kliakim, b. Oct. 19, 1797; Orson, h. Aug. 
 
 20, 1800 ; Hannah, b. Feb. 18, 180;3 ; Columbus, b. Oct. 10, 1805. 
 Smith, Seth,'' Jonathan,-^ lived a half mile east of Bap. meeting-house; 
 
 m. Nov. 26, 1806, Electa Billings, dau. of Abraham; she d. Jan. 2, 1850, 
 aged 62 ; dn\. Jonathan Bwight, b. Aug. 6, 1808, m. Harriet Bartlett; 
 Elbridye, b. Nov. 17, 1810, m. Harriet Henderson; Abigail Chainiccy, b. 
 Sept. 11, 1812; Seth, b. Dec. 11, 1814, m. Sarah Jones; Abraham Bil- 
 lings, h. Oct. 19, 1816, m. Elizabeth Bartlett; Abigail Chaunccy, b. Feb. 
 1, 1819, m. Lorenzo Rice; Electa Billings, b. June 10, 1821, m. Z. W. 
 Bartlett; Samuel Stillman, b. June 12, 182;), m. wid. i\Iary Bowles; 
 Itichard Chauncey, b. June 7, 1825, m. Jemima Sanderson ; Almira Lee, 
 b. ]\Iay 27, 1828, m. Edwin Warner; Ljucy Morton, h. July 20, 1830; 
 Charles Butler, b. Aug. 9, 18.'>2, ra. Helen Amelia Burton. 
 
 Smith, JosKPU,<i Gad,^ d. Feb. 14, 1813. He m. Lura Allis, dau. of 
 Russell; chil. Dexter; Irene, b. Nov. 4, 1802, m. Levi Morton; Orrin ; 
 Porter; Lewis, b. Sept., 1808; Elvira, m. Daniel McCoy; Joseph Ijconard. 
 
 S.MiTH, Gad, 6 Gad,'' m. Aug. 18, 1808, Rhoda Bartlett; chil. Tirzah, 
 b. Jan. 22, 1809, m. Eli Gould; Maria, h. Jan. ;i0, 1811, m. Stillman 
 (lould ; Dexter, b. Jan. 1, LSI."), m. (1) Philinda Morgan; (2) Janette 
 Whitmore; William A., h. April 13, 1815,' m. Lydia Hathaway; Mehitable 
 B., b. July 26, 1817, m. David J. Whitney; Joseph, b. Feb. 22, 1820, m. 
 Abigail Halsey ; Benjamin, h. April 13, 1822, m. Emily A. Hall; Jcrusha 
 E., b. June 29, 1824. 
 
 Smith, Justin,^ Gad,'' d. Aug. 13, 1858. He m. (1) May 2.!, 1816, 
 Alinda Smith, dau. of Roswell, d. 1830 ; (2) July 8, 1830, Julia Wing ; chil. 
 Chajjnian, b. June 5, 1817 ; Mary, h. Oct. 25, 1820, m. John B. (iraves ; 
 Uiil'iis, b. July 13, 1822; Caroline, b. Feb. 22, 1825, in. Jonathan Graves ; 
 Julia, b. May 25, 1827, m. Ephraim Hastings; Melinda, b. Feb. 1. 1830, 
 m. Wells Dickinson; George N., b. May 17, 1831; Horace IT., b. Oct. 
 I I 
 
26G 
 
 11, 1833,(1. Dec. 23, 1860; Wells Theodore, b. Nov. 30, 1835; Israel S., 
 b. Jan. 30, 1837 ; Etnma I., b. Feb. 18, 1812, d. Sept. 1, 18(50; JoJm W„ 
 b. July 30, 1810, d. Dec. 8, 1860; Charles J., b. Nov. 10, 1819. 
 
 Smith, Osee." Bezaleel.^ d. April 26, 1817. He m. Nov. 28, 1812, 
 Sophia Allis, d. April 25, 1861 ; chil. William A., b. Jan. 16, 1814; Har- 
 riet A., b. Nov. 7, 1816, in. Charles D. Squires; Laura A., b. Feb. 18, 
 1818, d. Feb. 20, 1844; William Culler, b. June 4, 1821 ; Larinia M., h. 
 Sept. 20, 1824; Krasius K., b. Dec. 10, 1827, m. E. B. Wells; J'Jleda II., 
 b. March 15, 1830, m. C. D. Squires. 
 
 Smith, Lym.vn," Bezaleel,*" m. Emily Allis ; child, Ada Lidliera, b. Jan. 
 
 23, 1827. 
 
 Smith, Oliver, Col.,^ liezaleel,^ d. Feb. 9, 1861. He m. Thankful 
 Childs, dau. of Reuben, b. July 13, 1807, d. May 1, 1860; chil. Edward 
 Lyman, b. Dec. 13, 1830, m. Esther W. Crafts ; William P. ; Soj/hia ; 
 Marij ; Charles; Reuben, b. Nov. 14, 1H41 ; Henry I)., b. Nov. 10, 1844; 
 Maria, h. Sept. 6, 1847, ni. Henry Kinney. 
 
 Smith, Lathrop,^ Bezalecl,^ physician ; ni. (1) Lydia Sanderson, dau. 
 of Isaac, d. Aug. 15, 1845; (2) Lucinda Abercrombie, d. April 27, 1858; 
 (3) wid. Jane A. Kimball; chil. Sidney C, b. Dec. 18, 1831, d. young; 
 Sophronia S., b. Jan. 15, 1834, m. Christopher Keyes ; Lathrop, b. Nov. 
 18, 1835, d. Sept. 10, 1861 ; a member of Co. C, 10th Reg. Inf. M. V. ; 
 (Sara/i Jime, b. July 30, 1837, d. young ; Sidney C, b. Jan. 3, 1839, d. 
 May 27, 1863; Edwin B.,h. July 6, 1841; Martha L. A., b. Nov. 23, 
 1843, m. E. B. Foster; dau., b. Aug. 11, 1845. 
 
 S.MiTH, Alanson,'^ Asa,6 m. Jan. 13, 1825, Abigail Wright, b. April 
 17, 1803; chW. James Edwards, b. Dec. 3, 1826; Justus Wriyht, b. Jan. 
 1, 1829; Henry Graves, h. March 17, 1831; Asa A., h. April 25, 1833; 
 Oustavus M., b. April 3, 1835, d. young; Ahhy E., b. Aug. 5, 1837, m. 
 Elijah D. Costellow ; Elbridye Q., b. Jan. 10, 1840; Albert L., b. Feb. 6, 
 1842, d. young; Myron S., b. Aug. 19, 1844. 
 
 Smith, Asa," Asa,*^ rem. to Brooklield, Vt. ; m. (1) Sept, 7, 1834, 
 Abigail, dau. of John Freeman, d. Nov. 24, 1835; (2) June 13, 1837, 
 Mary, dau. of Thomas Bates, b. May 20, 1812; chil. Ahby M., b. Feb. 
 
 24, 1839; Ira, b. Dec. 3, 1812, d. Oct. 3, 1855; Arabcl M., b. Aug. 
 9, 1847, d. Sept. 10, 1864. 
 
 S.MITH, Oliver G.,''' Asa,** m. Matilda May. 
 
 Smith, Ashley,''' Capt. Rufus,^ m. Nov. 25, 1819, Miriam Russell. 
 
 Smith, Henry, ^ Capt. Rufus,6 lived on the Daniel Allis place ; d. Sept. 
 13, 1846. He m. Alniira Holmes; chil. Mandana ; Sumner, b. March 20, 
 1825; George W., m. Chloe Dickinson; Oliver P., m. Bethia Hosford ; 
 Henry M., m. Edna V. Hill ; Lebbeus J. 
 
 Smith, Hiram,''' Capt. Rufus,^ built a house on the John Smith place ; 
 m. Dec. 23, 1829, Tryphena Bartlett; chil. Hiram M. b. April, 1631; 
 Daniel W., b. July 20, 1836; Thomas J., b. Aug. 10, 1838; Lucy A., b. 
 Nov. 12, 1840, m. Samuel S. Smith; Lizzie A., b. April 13, 1843; T. 
 Maria, b. Sept. 10, 1845; Fred. S., b. July 4, 1847, m. Elizabeth 
 Roberts. 
 
207 
 
 Smith, Joseph L.,^ Joseph,'' m. May 29, 1S3(), Dorothy W.Billings; 
 Ellen, b. Feb. 24, 1837, m. Luther S. Wilcox; Edward, b. Nov. 9, 1838, 
 m. Sarah Collins; Eliza, b. Oct. 20, 1840, m. S. M. Abbott; Jowph L., 
 h. Oc-t. 9, 1842; Mrlrin M., b. April 5, 1846; Jiilin E., b. May 4, 1848, 
 in. Lewis Verguson ; Lewis, b. Nov. 21, 1851; Francisco, b. March 21, 
 1854; Clarence, b. May 20, 1856; Lennie, b. Aug. 9, 1859. 
 
 Smith, Chapman," Justin,'* rem. West; m. Jane Thomas; chil. Ilerherl; 
 Mary; Jane. 
 
 Smith, Rufcs,^ Justin,** rem, to New York; m. Elizabeth Slocum ; 
 chil. AUisfer; Alice; Alfred. 
 
 Smith, William Cutleu,^ Osee," lives on the fhilip Smith place, in 
 Canterbury; m. Sept. 13, 1849, Minerva Munson, dau. of John ; chil. 
 Charles Culler, h. April 3, 1865, d. Feb. 23, 1867 ; William Henry, b. Feb. 
 20, 1866. 
 
 Smith, Edward Lyman,^ Col. Oliver,^ m. (1) Nov. 30, 1854, Esther 
 W. Crafts, dau. of Israel, d. May 29, 1857; (2) Nov. 24, 1859, Sarah C. 
 Burton, b. May 13, 1841; chil. Clara Enthcr, b. Sept. 18, 1850; Flora 
 Bell, b. Oct. 13, 1802; Herbert L., b. Sept. 25, 1804; Frank B., b. Jan. 
 23, 1808; Arilinr E., b. Oct. 14, 18(i9. 
 
 Smith, William P. ,8 Col. Oliver,^ m. Aug. 31, 1854, Ariette T. Wait; 
 child, Frederick, b. Oct. 17, 1859. 
 
 Smith, Hknhy D.,^ Col. Oliver," blacksmith; m. March 29, 1807, 
 Isabel West, of Thompsouville, Ct. 
 
 Smith, James E.,« Alanson,'? m. (1) Mercia E. Moses, d. Feb. 21, 1802; 
 (2) Mary M. Deline ; chil. Alice, b. June 1, 1853, d. July 20, 1858 ; Charlea, 
 b. Aug. 10, 1856; Wesley H., b. May 28, 1870. 
 
 Smith, Justus Wright, 8 Alanson," m. (2) Eunice Crafts, dau. of Jus- 
 tus ; child, Emma. 
 
 Smith, IIknuy G.,*^ Alan son, ''' m. (1) July 6, 1854, Mary A. Graham; 
 (2) March 24, 1802, Anna M. Whitney; chil. Eddie L., b. Jan. 7, 1855, 
 d. March 24, 1804; Jenny W., b. July 9, 1809. 
 
 Smith, Asa A. ,8 Alanson," m. June 13, 1855, Marion M. Whitehead ; 
 chil. Harriet A., b. Aug. 13, 1856; Lillia A., b. April 11, 1858, d. young; 
 Frank A., b. March 17, 1802, d. young. 
 
 S.mitii, ELimiDdE G.,*^ Alanson,^ m. Jan. 11, ISOI, Ella F. Barnes, 
 of Springfield ; chil. Elizabeth A., h. Aug. 13, 1800, d. young; Geonje 
 M., b. May 12, 1809. 
 
 Smith, Myron S.,8 Alanson,^ m. Oct. 27, 1869, EUaM. Dunham, of 
 Berlin; child, Harry M., b. Nov. 12, 1870, d. young. 
 
 Smith, Sumneu,'^ Henry,''' ra. Aug. 12, 1840, Harriet Bogart, dau. of 
 Minard; chil. Catharine A., h. Sept. 29, 1847; William A., b. July 1, 
 1849; Charles Sumner, h. Sept., 1853; Sarah Allis, h. April 22, 1855; 
 Clarence E., b. Jan. 19, 1860; Edward E., b. Oct. 19, 1863. 
 
 Smith, Hiram M.,8 Hiram,''' m. Louisa Allis, dau. of Austin; chil. 
 Flora A., b. Nov. 7, 1851, d. March 13, 1863; Elizabeth M., b. Nov. 13, 
 1853. 
 
268 
 
 Smith, Daniet. W.,^ Iliram,'^ m. Mary Stephens; cliil. Frederick H. ; 
 Estelle C. 
 
 Smith, Fred. S.,^ Hiram,'^ m. July 26, 1871, Elizabeth Roberts, dau. of 
 Reuben, of Amherst. 
 
 Smith, John, 1774, settled where Hiram Smith afterwards built; select- 
 man ; rep. ; rem. to Sullivan, N. Y. He m. Lydia Frary, sister of Phin- 
 eas, chil. Olive, m. Abial Harding; Elijah, b. 1762, k. by a fall; Electa; 
 Martha ; Mary ; John. 
 
 Smith, James, Dea., 1795 ; from Springfield ; son of Remembrance and 
 Susan; millwright; d. Sept. 15, 1851, aged 71. He m. Jan. 27, 1808, 
 Bathsheba Morton, dau. of Simeon ; she d. March 25, 1866, chil. Justin 
 Bemcmhrance, b. May 6, 1809; Sibyl, b. April 2, 1811, d. young; James 
 S., b. March, 1812, d. young ; Sibyl, b. Oct. 5, 1813, d. young ; Laura 
 Munson, b. Nov. 17, 1815, d. young; James, b. Oct. 15, 1818; Joseph A., 
 b. Sept. 11, 1820; Elizabeth Burt, b. Oct. 31, 1822, d. March 25, 1850; 
 Charlotte, b. Aug. 25, 1826. 
 
 Smith, Justin R., son of Dea. James, m. Feb. 24, 1831, Diadema S. 
 Wilcox, b. Nov. 20, 1809; chil. Lidher, h. July 2, 1835; d. young; Mary 
 M., b. Oct. 4, 1835, d. March 24, 1854 ; child, b. Nov. 26, 1837, d. young ; 
 Sarah J., b. June 29, 1840, m. Alpheus Carpenter; Edwin T., b. Dec. 8, 
 1842; Lanra E., b. Feb. 28, 1844; Charlotte Ellen, b. Oct. 19, 1847; d. 
 young. 
 
 Smith, Gilbert, lived on Grass hill ; m. Feb. 8, 1798, Sabra Graves, 
 dau. of John ; chil. Elizabeth, b. Aug. 16, 1798, m. Jabez Cowdry ; Har- 
 tvood, b. Dec. 10, 1800; Armida, b. May, 1804, ra. Friend GifTord ; John 
 Stoddard, b. 1806, lives in Cincinnati, O. ; Bcrnice, b. Sept., 1810, m. 
 John Baylie; Dolphin, b. 1815; Jane, b. July, 1819. 
 
 Smith, Harwood, son of Gilbert, lives in the Benj. Wait house; m. 
 Lois Wait, dau. of Nathan ; shed. Feb. 18, 1852; chil. Almcron E., b. 
 Nov. 15, 1827 ; Nathan W., h. April 20, 1830, d. Oct. 8, 1853; Barwood, 
 b. July 29, 1836. 
 
 Smith, Joel W., son of Cyrus, of Burlington, Ct., b. March 31, 1820, 
 m. April 25, 1856, Paulina Hageman ; chil. Cyrus W., b. Nov. 22, 1859; 
 Flora, b. April 9, 1865; Ida, b. July 18, 1866; Nelly, b. Sept. 27, 1807. 
 
 Snow, Lemuel, 1775. From Stafford, Ct. ; d. Nov. 11, 1777, aged 48, 
 wife Margaret ; chil. Bernice, m. March 3, 1788, Mary Wells ; Zephaniah ; 
 Solomon, b. 1755, m. Sept. 7, 1780, Levina Guild; Sarah, m. Nov. 29, 
 1787, Simeon Wells; Lncinda, b. 1760; Huldah, m. April 4, 1781. Aaron 
 Allis ; Hannah, m. Louden Coleman; Lemuel, d. Aug. 27, 1776. 
 
 Spafford, Jonathan, lived north of the "Old Orchard," near the 
 Deerfield line ; m. a dau. of Joseph Sanderson. 
 
 Starks, John, 1787, b. Hebron, Ct. ; rem. to Thetford, Vt. ; settled 
 on the Caleb Beals' place ; d. Dec, 1825, aged 70. He m. Tryphena 
 Carey ; chil. John, m. Anna Rogers ; Phebe, m. Samuel Hartwell ; Israel 
 m. Esther Hill ; 7V?/p/ie««, b. March 29, 1789, m. April 10, 1811, Caleb 
 Beals; Justus, b. 1792; Prince William, m. Abigail Bates; Willard,\). 
 
2G9 
 
 Feb. 14, 1797, m. Rlary Nash; Pliincas, b. Dec. 11, 1>^02, d. young; 
 Martha, m. Russell Sherman. 
 
 Stkakxs, Aaiiox S. From Spencer ; son of Samuel, b. April 23, 1813, 
 (1. Dec. 12, 1870. He m. Almlra P. Graves, d. Aug. 2, 181:3; chil. Eliza- 
 beth E., b. Feb. 12, 1830, m. Orson N. Pearl ; Mijra 11., b. Dec. 4, 1831, 
 m. Arnold Peck ; Luther G., b. Oct. 12, 1833; Fidelia B., b. July 2, 
 1835, m. John H. Peck; Susan E., b. March 26, 1837, d. Nov. 6, 18(;() ; 
 Samuel O., b. March 4, 1839, d. Feb. 14, 1855 ; Stephen, b. Nov. 22, 
 1840; Edward 8., h. April 6, 1843, d. young. Steahns, Lttiiki! G.,- 
 m. Mary L. Warner; chil. Frcderique IF., b. Oct. 10, 1857; Mabel For- 
 ester, b. Aug, 5, 1870. 
 
 Stedm.vx, Samxtel W. From Leydon, son of Philemon, b. Jan., 18:^1 ; 
 m. Sophia M. Brown ; child, Harriet M., b. May 7, 18.")0. 
 
 Stiles, IIenrv, Caiji.,-* Amos,"* Henry, ^ Henry,- John,' 17G4, from 
 Windsor, Ct. See pp. 13(3, 141 ; built a house south-east of Lyman 
 Dickinson's, east of the highway ; d. April 20, 1810, aged 80. He ni. 
 Nov. 4, 1747, Ruth (Wells) Kellogg, wid. of Ezra; she d. July 5, 1812, 
 aged 8G ; chil. Peijrpi ; Zitpah, m. Peter Clark; Lydia ; Lewis; Esther, 
 Hi. Levi Baker. Wid. Lydia Styles, mother of Capt. Henry, d. Sept. 15, 
 1775, aged 60. 
 
 Stii.es, Lewis,*' m. March 29, 1786, Electa Pomeroy, of Whately ; chil. 
 Sophia, m. Jerre Edson ; Harry, h. Aug. 8, 1790; Horace, b. Oct. 17, 
 1791 ; Harry, b. April 21, 1793. 
 
 STOCKimiDGE, Davio, (lineage not ascertained,) of Hadlcy, d. aged 82. 
 He m. (1) Patience Bartlett, dau. of Caleb ; she d. Oct. 19, 1806, aged 53 ; 
 m. (2) Mary (Nash) Wood, wid. of Firman ; she d. June 20, 1832, aged 
 75; chil. Vuleb, b. INIay 18, 1775; m. (1) Sarah AUis; (2) wid. Achsah 
 (Cook) Fairbanks ; David, b. Aug. 28, 1776; Lorisa, b. April 7, 1778, ni. 
 
 Bartlett; Jason, b. Feb. 29, 1780, m. (1) Esther Wright ; (2) Abigail 
 
 Montague; Patience, b. Nov. 7, 1781, m. Clapp ; Betsey, h. Nov. 13, 
 
 1783, m. Sereno Smith; Clarissa, b. May 10, 1785, d. Feb. 9, 1789 ; Cal- 
 vin, h. Sept. 15, 1786; Electa, h. June 12, 1788, m. Jonathan C. Loomis ; 
 Clarissa, b. June 7, 1790, m. John Ashcraft; Elam, b. March 31, 1792; 
 Abigail, b. Sept. 8, 1795. 
 
 Stockbridge, David,2 settled on the David Graves place ; rem. to 
 Canterbury ; a man of great enterprise ; d. Jan. 4, 1847. He m. (1) Feb. 
 
 2, 1798, Sarah Allis, dau. of Russell; she d. July 16, 1839; m. (2) Nov. 
 
 3, 1841, Lovisa Collins, of Hartford, Ct., d. 1848; chil. Annis, b. Dec. 
 17, 1798; m. Stalhain Allis; Chester, b. May 25, 1801 ; Emily IF., b. Jan. 
 10, 1803, m. (1) Salmon W. Allis ; (2) Hon. E. T. Foote ; Hiram Fish, h. 
 June 8, 1804; Julia Ann, b. Aug. 1, 1806, m. J. C. Sanderson; Charles 
 David, b. Oct. 2, 1816; Award Sarah, b. Dec. 8, 1819, d. young. 
 
 Stockbridge, Chester, 3 David,2 d. Jan. 10, 1841. He m. Oct. l<i, 
 1822, Violet Ilarwood, dau. of Dr. Francis; she d. Sept. 3, 1840; chil. 
 Eelwin A., h. Ju\y \, 1K23 ; Francis IF., b. Dec. 4, 1S25 ; Frederick A., 
 b. July 4, 1828; David H., h. Aug. 28, 1831; Emily IF., b. Sept. 27, 
 1836; Roderick B., b. Sept. 12, 183.S. 
 
270 
 
 Stocichuidge, Hiuam F./M)avi(l,3 grad. A. C. 1827; lawyer in Roch- 
 ester, N, Y. ; d. April 8, 1859. He in. Aug. 30, 1830, Eliza Morton, dau, 
 of Consider; cliil. Helen Eliza, b. July 17, 1831; Hiram Randolph, b. 
 Nov. 11, 1833; Henry Davis, b. Aug. 7, 1843. 
 
 STOCKiuaDrxK, Ciiaulks I).,3 David,^ d. April 2, 1872. He m. Oct. 2, 
 1838, Mary H. Ferguson, dau. of Rev. John; chil. Sarah Annis, b. Oct. 
 
 20, 1839, d. Jan. 12, 18G5 ; Charles Henri/, b. May 9, 1841; Margaret 
 Anna, b. Aug. 13, 1842, m. Burotas Morton. 
 
 Stockbridge, Edwin A.,4 Chester,^ m. Louisa Williams; chil. Erskine 
 B., b. March 24, 1849; Ella Violet, b. Nov. 29, 1851 ; Edwin A., b. Jan. 
 
 21, 1854; Eva O., b. March 31, 1856. Stockbridge, Francis W.,4 m. 
 Eliza Eddy, of Whitingham, Vt. Stockbridge, Roderick B.,4 m. INIary 
 E. Stockwell, of Northampton. 
 
 Stockbridge, Hiram R.'* Hiram F.,3 m. Sept. 25, 18G2, Aurelia De 
 Long Low ; chil. Herbert Edward, b. April 16, 1865; Marion Helen, b. 
 April 16, 1870. 
 
 Stockbridge, Henry D.,4 Hiram F.,3 ra. June 29, 1865, Adaline A. 
 Green ; chil. Maude Harriet, b. Feb. 25, 1867 ; Morton Gorton, b. Nov. 
 
 22, 1868; Henry Lindsay, b. May 13, 1871. • 
 Stockbridge, Charles H.,'1 Charles D. ;•'' chil. Margaret Anna, b. 
 
 Nov. 11, 1864; Charles D., b. Feb. 1, 186G ; Sarah Eos ella, b. Nov. 27, 
 1868; George. 
 
 Strong, Harrison D., son of Maltby and Maria; b. Dec. 6, 1830; 
 d. Jan. 6, 1867. He m. Jan. 19, 1853, Sarah A. Sanderson, dau. of 
 John C. 
 
 Swift, Heman, from Barnard, Vt. ; lived in the Straits ; b. May 5, 
 1764, d. June 16, 1834. He m. Orpah Howard, b. Sept. 19, 1761, d. Jan. 
 27, 1847; chil. Sylvia, b. April 25, 1783, m. Eben Mcintosh; Salome, h. 
 April 14, 1785, ra. Obadiah Wait; Fanny, b. April 11, 1787, m. (1) Daniel" 
 Allis ; (2) Cotton Bardwell ; Orpah, b. April 10, 1789, m. Leavitt Vining ; 
 
 Betsey, b. Sept. 19, 1792, m. Dawes; S(d>ra, b. Nov. 29, 1794, m. 
 
 William Bardwell ; Heman, b. Aug. 20, 1796 ; Kingsley, b. Aug. 17, 1800 ; 
 Carlos, b. March 31, 1804. 
 
 Swift, Heman,^ m. Jan. 30, 1825, Lucy Mosher; chil. Rufus M.,h. 
 April 8, 1836 ; Lucina, b. Sept. 8, 1839, m. A. P. Smith. 
 
 Swift, Kingsley,^ k. by lightning, June 17, 1836. He m. Pamilla 
 Belding, dau. of Augustus; chil. Edward; Clark; Howard; Augusta C, 
 m. Francis Bassett. 
 
 Swift, Carlos,- m. Aurelia Belden, dau. of Francis ; chil. Myron C. ; 
 Electa A., m. Wells A. Johnson; Emma. 
 
 Swift, Rufus M.,^ Heraan,^ m. Inez G. Wells; chil Champion B., 
 b. June 29, 1868; Leslie W., b. Dec. 20, 1868. 
 
 Taylor, Adonijah, (see p. 69,) wife Rachel ; chil. John, wife P^liza- 
 bcth ; Edmand, wife Priscilla ; Solomon ; Eliphalet ; Adonijah ; Obed, b. 
 1762, settled in Montague ; Clement; Theodore; Mary; Electa, m. Nov. 
 25, 1787, Henry Williams, of New Bethlehem, N. Y. 
 
271 
 
 Taylor, John,- wife, Elizabeth; cliil. Beilij, bap. 1773; Betsey, bap. 
 1777; John, bap. 1781; Rachel, bap. 1785; Shaiis, liap. 17S7. 
 
 Ti'.Mi'Li!:, JosiAii IIowAKD, llov., SOU of Dca. John and Abigail (Johnson) 
 Ti'inple, of Fniininjj;hani ; 1). March 2, 1815, m. May 18, 1S47, Marjt lk-1- 
 den, dau. of Aaron; chil. Mary Emily, b. Sept. 18, 1848; Ahhy Maria, 
 b. June 30, 1851, d. young; John, and Sarah Hibhard, twins, b. July 17, 
 1852, d. young; John Howard, b. Aug. 30, 1853; Josiah, b. July 24, 
 1855, d. young; Anna, b. Aug. 23, 1856, d. young. 
 
 Thayer, Calkh L., son of Elkanah, Jr., and Hannah (Tiiaxtcr) Thayer, 
 of Williamsburg; b. May 25, 1823; settled in Whately, bSGO ; postmaster ; 
 ni. Nov. 22, 1855, Catharine Agnes Day, dau. of Henian S., b. Oct. 19, 
 1S32. 
 
 Todd, A.sa, Rev., 1789, from Westfield ; chil. Lucretia, b. May 8, 
 1783; Justus, b. June 24, 1785; David M., b. Aug 28, 1787; Marah, b. 
 Oct. 15, 1789; Lyman, b. Oct. 30, 1791; Esther, b. April .30, 1794; 
 Zolieide, b. Sept. 26, 179G. 
 
 TowKH, Hannah, 1811, tailoress ; d. jSIarch 22, 1850, aged 7(1. 
 
 Train, Petkr, son of John and Lydia (Jennison) Train, of AVatertown ; 
 b. Jan. 9, 1725. In 17(51, he built a house on the Rufus Sanderson place ; 
 d. Jan. 21, 1793. He m. Sarah Cowles, of Ha^tficld ; chil. Olicar, b. Jan. 
 
 8, 1760; Judith, b. Nov. 20, 1761, m. S. G. Morton; Phebe, b. Dec. 3, 
 1763, m. Israel Graves ; Lemuel; Selah, b. Dec. 29, 1766, d. July 1, 17s9; 
 Lois, b. Dec. 8, 1768; Sarah, h. Oct. 8, 1770, ni. Martin Taylor; Lydia, 
 b. 1772, d. Feb. 28, 1777 ; Lydia ; Content. 
 
 Train, Oliver,9 Peter,i d. July 19, 1820. He m. (1) Feb. 19, 1784, 
 Miriam Wait, dau. of Jeremiah ; she d. July 24, 1790; m. (2) Rachel 
 Bardvvell, of Ashfield ; chW. Each el, b. June 10, 1785; Roswell, h. April 
 
 9, 1787; Miriam, b. Nov. 11, 1788; ^fr^a*-, b. Oct. 30, 1791, d. young; 
 'Silas, b. Nov. 24, 1792, d. April 8, 1813 ; Phebe, b. March 17, 1794 ; 
 
 Samuel, h. April 15, 1796; John, b. Feb. 4, 1798; Parsons, h. April 4, 
 1799 ; Aretas, b. Jan. 22, 1801. 
 
 Train, Le.muel,- Peter,' rem. to Brook6eld, Vt. ; ra. Nov. 25, 1787, 
 Clarissa Morton, dau. of 01iv6r; chil. Selah; Sylvester; Morton. 
 
 Train, Roswell,^ 01iver,2 d. Dec. 20, 1869. He m. Elizabeth E. 
 Smith; chil. Sarah Ann, b. Feb. 5, 1809; Horace, b. Oct. 23, 1810; Mary, 
 b. Feb. 20, 1813, d. young; Elizabeth E., b. April 16, 1815; Mary S., b. 
 July 19, 1817, d. July 10, 1841; Samuel, h. Sept. 24, 1820; Lueinda, b. 
 July 3, 1823; Lewis, b. Nov. 4, 1825; Cordelia A., b. Dec. 19, 1827, d. 
 young; Estes, b. Aug. 23, 1829, d. young; Lucretia A., b. Aug. 9, 
 1835. 
 
 Train, Samuel, '"^ Oliver,- rem. to Brunswick, O., m. Mary C. Guernsey ; 
 chil. Catharine M., h. Dec. 24, 1822, ni. Jerry Rowe ; Mary B., b. .\pril 
 7, 1824, m. Julius Ilyers ; Electa A., b. Aug. 9, 1825, m. (ieorge Ccvilard ; 
 Rachel Q., b. July 3, 1827, m. John Rowe; Ja)ie Mary, b. Feb. 5, 182'', 
 d. young ; Samuel, b. March 2, 1831, m. Laurania Allen ; Jane M. b. Mar. 
 17, 1833, m. Henry Paulus ; Charlotte P., b. Feb. 15, 1835; Sarah B., h. 
 April 22, 1837, m. Oliver Rowe; Martha W., b. Oct. 6, 1839, m. Robert 
 
272 
 
 Edwards; John 0., b. Dec. 30, 1841, d. young; Fhehe B., h. Sept. 30, 
 1816, m. John Edwards. 
 
 Tkaix, Aretas,^ lives in Medina Co., O. ; in. Martha Wait; chil. 
 Oeorge W., b. Jan. 15, 1819, ui. Mary Bliss; Elsey B., b. Aug. 24, 1823, 
 m. Harry Warner; Trypliena, b. Feb. 8, 1825, m. Joseph Tabor; Morris, 
 h. Oct. 8, 1883, d. Nov. 18, 1851. 
 
 Tkaix, Horack,'! Roswell,^ m. (1) July 4, 1831, Martha M. Brown, 
 dau. of Prescott, b. Oct. 18, 1813, d. Feb. 23, 1853; (2) May 5, 1853, 
 Hannah F. Gouch, dau. of Moses, b. March 18, 1823; chil. Martha A., 
 b. Nov. 19, 1833, d. Feb. 22, 1843; Amardta C, b. July 3, 183G, d. Nov. 
 9, 1854; Mary S. C, b. Dec. 19, 1840; Eustis, h. April 19, 1843, d. 
 young; George N.B., b. July 1, 1845; Ayleit W., b. April 16. 1849; 
 Addison W., h. Aug. 19, 1849 ; Ida A., b. Aug. 23, 1852, d. young. 
 
 Tx'RXEK, AiuiAiiAM. Before 1770, he settled near the Bap. meeting- 
 house; wife. Thankful; chil. Abraham; Ezra; wife d. Jan. 1777, 
 
 aged 35; Sarah, m. John Morey ; and others. 
 
 Turner, Otis, m. Zelinda Sanderson, dau. of Silas. 
 
 TuTE, Keziah, d. April 6, 1795, aged 88; prob. wid. of James, of 
 Vernon, Vt. 
 
 Wait, Benjamin, • Sergt. ; (see p. 33;) wife, Martha Leonard, of 
 Springfield. Wait, John,2 b. in Hatfield, Jan. 17, 1680; wife, Mary 
 BeMing, dau. of Stephen. Wait, Jeremiah, 2 b. Sept. 24, 1684 ; wife, 
 Mary Graves. 
 
 Wait, John,^ John,- b.. Dec. 3, 1703; one of the earliest settlers in 
 the Straits ; d. March 4, 1776. He m. (1) Sept. 19, 1723, Submit Hastings ; 
 
 (2) Mary , d. Dec. 23, 1807, aged 96; chil. Joel, b. March 13, 1726; 
 
 Jernsha, b. Jan. 24, 1728; Eleanor, b. April 4, 1730; Seth, b. Aug. 12, 
 1732; Lydia, b. Sept. 26, 1734; Katharine, b. Dec. 25, 1736; Chloe, b. 
 Feb. 23, 1738 ; Mary, b. April 18, 1741, m. William Brown ; John, b. Nov.. 
 25, 1743 ; Submit, m. Wait Broughton ; Joel, b. Sept. 9, 1754. 
 
 Wait, Elisiia,^ John,2 b. Oct. 10, 1725, d. June, 1816. He m. Martha 
 Wells, of Hardwick ; chil. Elihu, b. Aug. 14, 1758; Consider, b. March 
 25, 1762; Jonathan, b. April 20, 1774; perhaps others. 
 
 Wait, Seth,'* John,-' m. March 20, 1753, Submit Smith; child, Jerusha, 
 bap. Sept. 13, 1772. Wait, John,'' John, 3 wife, Mary; chil. Solomon, 
 b. Oct. 15, 1768; Edward, b. Oct. 2, 1770; Betsey, b. Dec. 22, 1772; 
 Selah, h. Feb. 15, 1775; JoJm, h. Aug. 16, 1777; William, h. Sept. 18, 
 1779; Submit, h. May 13, 1782; Chester G., b. Sept. 11, 178i; Judith, a.nd 
 Electa, twins, b. Jan. 25, 1787 ; Mary, b. June 20, 1789. 
 
 Wait, Joei,,4 John,=' known as «' Landlord Wait," d. July 4, 1834. He 
 m. Deborah Blood, d. Aug. 26, 1829, aged 74; chil. Lemuel, h. May 1, 
 1776; Abel, b. July 18, 1778; Aaron, b. Sept. 8, 1780, m. Sarah Morton; 
 Obadiah, b. Jan. 8, 1783; Luke, b. May 9, 1785, m. Mary Kellogg; 
 Anna, h. July 2, 1787; Amy, b. Nov. 21, 1789; Sally, b. May 12, 1791, 
 d. Jan. 8, 1812; Joel, h. Aug. 27, 1793; John, b. Oct. 15, 1795. 
 
 Wait, Ei-ihu,"* Elisha,^ bought whe/'c Rufus Wait now lives ; d. July 
 19,1828. He m. (1) April 29, 1779, Rebecca Graves, d. Aug. 11, 1821; 
 
273 
 
 (2) Electa Kellogg, d. Nov. 9, 1838; chil. Liicrefia, b. Nov. 5, 1779; 
 PoUt/, b. April 0, 1784, m. Joel Miinson ; Calvin, b. May 22, 1785 ; 
 Demis, b. June '2&, 178G, m. Gideon Dickinson; Sally, b. July 2(3, 1787, 
 m. Spencer Brown ; Luther, b. Jan. 21, 1788; Roxa, b. April 16, 1789, 
 m. John Rice; Ritfus, b. July 9, 1790; Chester, b. Dec. 24, 179;3. rem. to 
 Leroy, N Y. ; Rebecca, b. Dec. 12, 1795, m. Abner Cooley ; Elihn, h. 
 June 2, 1797, rem. to Leroy, N. Y. ; Sylvester, b. June 12, 1799, rem. to 
 Leroy, N. Y. 
 
 Wait, CoNSiDKR,* ElisIia,:Mived on Poplar hill; d. Dec. 4, 1829. He 
 m. (1) Sarah Lull; (2) Elizabeth Weaver, d. July 28, 1822, chil. Nancy, 
 b. Nov. 29, 1788, m. Chester Morton ; Cynthia, b. Jan. 20, 1790, m. Levi 
 Smith; James, h. March 18, 1791, rem. to Ohio; Enos, b. April \, 1792; 
 Henry, h. March 27, 1793; Sally, b. June 16, 1796, m. Justin Brown; 
 William, b. Nov. 11, 1797, m. Mary Chamberlain; John, b. May 26, 
 1799, m. Lucinda Dickinson; Elizabeth, b. Jan. 16, 1801, ni. Emmons 
 Meekins. 
 
 Wait, Joxathax,"* Elisha,^ lived on Grass hill ; d. April 6, IS.'Jo. He 
 m. (1) March 1, 1797, Betsey Brown, b. March 1, 1777, d. Jan. 23, 1817 ; 
 (2) Nancy Robinson, b. April 24, 1784, chil. Eliza, b. May 26, 1798, m. 
 AlansonRing; Amy, b. Aug. 11, 1800, m. Eri Sanderson; Horace, b. 
 1802; Martha, b. Dec. 2, 1803, m. Aretas Train; Elsie, b. Jan. 14, 
 1806, m. W. H. Judd; Alpha, b. Dec. 16, 1807; Delight, b. April 20, 
 1810, m. Joel Flagg; Horace, b. Sept. 29, 1811; Sophia, b. Sept. 10, 
 1813; Spencer,h.Oa. b, 1814; dauyhier, b. Jan. 23, 1817; Nancy, h. 
 Oct. 6, 1820 ; Betsey, h. Sept. 22, 1822 ; Electa, h. Oct. 26, 1824 ; Chann- 
 cey, b. Dec. 5, 1828, d. of wound.-', June 27, 1864. 
 
 Wait, Le.mcel,^ landlord JoeH, lived at Westbrook bridge ; d. Sept. 
 19, 1847. He m. Feb. 23, 1795, Roxa Allis, dau. of Russell; chil. Russell, 
 b. July 29, 1796; Dency, h. Dec. 21, 1798, m. Elijah Burnap, of Sutton; 
 Harris, b Nov. 17, 1800; Lemuel A., h. Jan. 12, 1803; Roxana, b. Feb. 
 
 9, 1805, m. Cyrus B. Bardwell ; Fidelia, b. May 10, 1807 ; Allen, b. Nov. 
 5, 1809, m. Susan Pratt; William, b. March 31, 1812; Electa, h. Aug. 1, 
 1814, d April 17, 1861 ; Eliza Ann, b. Dec. 22, 1816, m. Rufus Mosher. 
 
 Wait, Obadiah,^ landlord Joel, ' a cooper ; rem. to Chicopee ; d. Dec. 
 
 10, 1853. Hem. Jan. 12, 1804, Salome Swift; chil. Aloristan, b. Dec. 
 13, 1805, m. Althea Vining ; Alonzo, b. Aug. 4, 1807, m. Ann Adams; 
 Caroline, b. July 19, 1811, in. Cullen Vining; Fanny, b. July 21, 1813, 
 m. Grosvenor Bowers; Sanford, m. Clementine Look; George; Carlos, 
 b. Oct. 21, 1828, d. May 16, 1854. 
 
 Wait, Joel,^ landlord Joel,'^ lived near R. T. Morton's corner; d. Feb. 
 15, 1864. Hem. Nancy Bartlett, dau. of Daniel; chil. Ann Eliza, b. 
 March 22, 1824, m. Walter Elder; Lord Nelson, b. Aug. 9, 1825; Daniel 
 Bartlett, b. Aug. 25, 1828, d. April 26, 1867; Aaron Elam, b. Aug. 30, 
 1831 ; Henry Morton, b. March 23, 1834; Joel Lyman, b. April 3 ), 1836; 
 Wright Noble, b. July 4, 1838; Arthur Alfred, b. Aug. 30, 1841 ; Nancy 
 Cornelia, h. Feb. 23, 1843, d. Oct. 11, 1853. 
 
 KK 
 
274 
 
 Wait, John,^ landlord Joel,'* rem. to Wendell ; m. Feb. 24, 1822, Har- 
 riet Coburn ; chil. Sylvester C, h. May 16, 1826. 
 
 Wait, Calvin,^ Eliliu,'* m. April 4. 1811, Sarah Brown, dau. of John ; 
 cLil Lntdsa, m. Franklin Graves; Minerva, ni. Dwight Bojden; Dolly; 
 Elizabeth, h. Oct. 8, 1824, ni. Edward Graves; Sarah, ni. Horace Blan- 
 chard ; Ariette, m. William P. Smith. 
 
 Wait, Luther, ^ Elihu,-* a clothier ; d. June 4, 1846, He m. Experience 
 Dickinson, dau. of Aaron. 
 
 Wait, Rufus,^ Elihu,^ lives on the homestead ; in. Abigail Dickinson, 
 dau. of Roger; she d. Oct. 4, 1853; chil. Charles E., b. March 10, 1814; 
 Oeorge A., h. k^rW A, 1823; Rebecca 0., b. June 6, 1826, d. Sept. 4, 
 1838; Eufus D., b. April 12, 18o3. 
 
 Wait, James,^ Consider,4 m. Eliza Ashley; chil. Semantha J., b. April 
 25, 1823, d. young; Hester F., b. June 19, 1825, m. William Ross ; James 
 L., b. Sept. 1, 1827, m. Sarah Ross ; Charles G., b. April 2, 1830; Julius 
 B., b. Sept. 19, 1832, k. at the battle of Stone River, 1863, m. Lovina 
 
 Francis ; Oeorge F., b. Dec. 29, 1835, m. Marlin ; Mary E., b. May 
 
 6, 1839, d. June 10, 1855; Enos A., b. July 21, 1841, m. Marion Fuller; 
 John B., b. March 19, 1844, m. Nancy Wait; Judd, b. Aug. 21, 1848, d. 
 April 21, 1853. 
 
 Wait, Enos, Capt.,^ Consider, "* rem. to Brunswick, O., d. March 2, 
 1869. He m. Martha Allis, dau. of Daniel; chil. James Monroe, b. Sept. 
 4, 1817 ; Qeorye, b. Dec. 6, 1819 ; John, b. July 24, 1823 ; Elisha, b. Nov. 
 
 1, 1827. 
 
 Wait, Henry,^ Consider,'* m. Sophia Allis, dau. of Daniel ; chil. Fidelia, 
 b. Feb. 3, 1818; Sophia, b. Dec. 12, 1820; Henry, b. Sept. 16,1822; 
 Dwight, b. June 18, 1828 ; Lucius, b. Dec. 12, 1835 ; Nancy, b. Feb. 2, 
 1838; Angelina, b. July 21, 1844. 
 
 Wait, John,'' Consider,'* rem. to Athol ; d. Jan. 5, 1853. He ra. 
 Lucinda Dickinson, dau. of Roger; chil. Samuel Grimes, b. 1827, d. June 
 
 2, 1853; James; Milton; Helen. 
 
 Wait, Ali'iia,-'' Jonathan,'* lives at north end of Grass hill; m. Almira 
 Judd, of Northampton ; chil. Nancy, b. Dec. 2, 1838, m. E. E. Sanderson; 
 LydiaA., b. April 16, 1841; Mary E., b. May 22, 1843; Francis E., b. 
 Sept. 6, 1.847. 
 
 Wait, Horace,^ Jonathan,'* rem. to No. Hatfield; m. (1) June 30, 
 1836, eTulia Robinson, dau. of Apollos ; (2) Mary Bridgeman ; chil. William 
 B., b. Sept. 6, 1837, k. before Petersburg, Va., June 18, 1864; Emily 
 J., b. Aug. 5, 1841 ; Julia, b. May 11, 1843, m. Lyman Abbott; Edward 
 C, b. July 16, 1847. 
 
 Wait, Ru.ssell,^ Lemuel,^ lived at West Brook bridge ; m. Nov. 12, 
 1816, Mary Anna Emma Morton, dau. of Daniel ;•* chil. Channcey S. ; 
 Albert A. ; Merana ; Jidia Ann, m. Edwin Brainard ; Fidelia, m. Hon. 
 John Smith, of Missouri; Lyman B. ; Emily. 
 
 Wait, Harris,^ Lemuel,:"' d. May 7, 1868. He ni. (1) Phebe Hunt, d. 
 Sept. 1, 1830; (2) Louisa Bowman; chil. Mary Ophelia, h. Feb. 8, 1829, 
 m. George Russell: Laura Louisa, b. Feb. 19, 1839, d. Feb. 2, 1846. 
 
275 
 
 Wait, Lemuel A.," Lemuel,"' in. Louisa Dickinson, dau. of ISIoscs ; 
 ch']\. Almira; Sophia. 
 
 Wait, William," Lemuel,'* rem. to Ludlow ; m. Asenath Dutton ; cliil. 
 Lemuel D., b. March 12, 1845, m. Angelia M. Fairbanks ; and others. 
 
 Wait, Aakox E.,6 Joel,*'' m. Nov. 1, 1853, Nancy E. Dane; chil. 
 Willis Edgar, b. Nov. 8, 1854, d. Aug. 16, 1856; Charles E., b. Nov. 6, 
 
 1856, d. July 21, 1863; Anna E., b. Nov. 13, 1858, d. June 15, 1863. 
 Wait, Syi.vksteu C.,6 John,'' m. (1) May 15, 1850, Abby A. Horton, 
 
 b. July 11. is.i-j, d. Sept. 20, 1858; (2) Mary A. Thayer, b. Nov. 25, 
 1842; chW. Julius Edward, b. Jan. 2, 1851, d. Sept. 12, 1853; Herbert 
 Leslie, b. Feb. 7, 1858, d. young; Anna Leslie, b. Sept. 2, 1861; Abby 
 Amelia, b. April 3, 1865. 
 
 Wait, Ciiahles E.,<> Rufus,'' rem. to Bolton ; m. Mary C. Brown; chil. 
 Charles Atioood, h. Feb. 14, 1S14, m. Anna Miller; Edward 0., b. Feb. 
 15, 1847. 
 
 Wait, Gkor(;k A.,'' Rufus,-'' m. INIary S. Batchelder, of Conway; child, 
 Abby Amelia, b. Oct. 15, 1860, rem. to No. Amherst. 
 
 Wait, Ruius D.," Rufus,^ lives on the old homestead; m. July 2, 
 
 1857, Eunice A. Policy, of Williamsburg ; chil. Harriet M., b. Oct. 18, 
 1858; Lottie B., b. Sept. 16, 1862; dau<jhler, b. Sept. 3, 1871. 
 
 Wait, James Moxroe,*' Enos,^ m. Olive Miller; chil. Mary Jj., b. 
 March 11, 1845, m. William E. Williams; Wesley P., b. March 11, 1847, 
 m. Clarissa Collier; Chester E., b. INIarcii 17, 1851; Fremont A., b. Oct. 
 18, 1855; Oliver G., b. June 17, 1858; Sanford L., b. Oct. 29, 1861. 
 Wait, Geohge,^ m. Sarah Francis ; ch'M, Milton E., h. Dec. 17, 1846, 
 m. Lucy Meacham. Wait, John," ni. Martha Swift; child, Nancy M., b. 
 Sept. 7, 1845, m. Daniel Mercer. Wait, Elisha," m. Harriet Swift; 
 chil Morris J., b. March 13, 1852; Sarah E., b. Oct. 30, 1857. 
 
 Wait, Nathan,^ Jeremiah, 2 Benjamin,! b. Feb. 15, 1711 ; lived with 
 his son Jeremiah where J. B. Wait now lives; d. Nov. 25, 1798. He m. 
 Hannah Billings, dau of Richard ; chil. Mary, b. June 5, 1740 ; Jeremiah, 
 h. Dec. 16, 1742; Elijah, b. Feb. 3, 1744; Asa, h. March 23, 1747. 
 
 Wait, Simeox,^ bro. of Nathan, b. abt. 1716. Before 1764, he settled 
 in the Lane; prob. owned lots No. 36 and 37 in the Second Division of 
 Commons ; sold to Ahial Bragg and moved to the Straits ; m. Feb. 8, 1739, 
 Martha Dickinson; chil. Martha, b. Oct. 5, 1744; Miriam, h. July 5, 
 1747; Gad, b. March 10, 1751, m. Dec. 19, 1771, Hannah Brown. 
 
 Wait. Jekemiaii,4 Nathan, 3 d. March 16, 1817. He m. Rachel B'^ment, 
 of Ashfield, d. D*. 23, 1814, aged 72; chil. Oliver, b. April 10, 1763, d. 
 May 25, 1784; Miriam, b. Nov. 7, 1764, d. July 26, 1790; Nathan, h. 
 Se[it. 2, 1766; Gad, b. Sept. 8, 1768; Benjamin, b. Sept. 15, 1770; 
 Rachel, b. March 5, 1773, d. young; Mary, b. June 5, 1775, d. young; 
 Lois, b. May 30. 1777, d. May 27, 1787; Jeremiah, b. Oct. 15, 1779; 
 Joseph, b. July 17, 1782, m. Lucretia Crafts. 
 
 Wait, Nathan,^ Jeremiah,' lived on the homestead; m. Lucy Munson, 
 dau. of Reuben; chil. Patty, b. Dec. 7, 1790; Thomas, b. Oct. 8, 1794; 
 Lois, b. Aug. 25, 1796, m. Harwood Smith ; Nancy, b. Nov. 23, 1798, 
 
276 
 
 m. Amasa Wade ; Lucinda, b. Aug. 8, 1800, m. Reuben Jenney, Jr. ; 
 Electa, b. Jan. 9, 1804, d. young; Nelson, b. Dec. 4, 1805; Electa, 
 b. Dec. 6, 1807, in. Otis Kingsley ; Lucy, b. Feb. 1, 1810; John Bement, 
 b. Aug. 5, 1812; Julia, b. Nov. 26, 1815, m. Edward Warner. 
 
 Wait, Benjamin,^ Jereniiah,-! d. Sept. 28, 1830. He m. Polly Mott, 
 of Goshen, d. March 15, 1864, aged 86 ; chil. Rebecca, b. Nov. 13, 1794, 
 m. William Loomis ; Erastus, b. Feb. 17, 1797; Sophia, b. Aug. 13, 
 1799, m. Daniel Nichols ; Charlotte, b. Jan. 2, 1802, d. Feb. 11, 1810; 
 Sally, b. July 4, 1804, m. George W. Mather; Lena. b. Dee. 8, 1806, m. 
 Charles N. Miner; Horace, b. July 15, 1809; Charlotte, b. Dec. 6, 1811, 
 d. Oct. 20, 1830; Martha, b. Aug. 8, 1815, m. W. B. Mclntire. 
 
 Wait, Jeremiah,'' Jeremiah,"* carpenter; d. June 30, 1855. He ra. 
 (1) Sarah Crafts, dau. of Moses, d. April 16, 1834; m. (2) Feb. 8, 1835, 
 Clarissa Davis, d. April 30, 1854; chil. Pamela, b. Oct. 10, 1798, m Lewis 
 Wells; Bathsheba, b. Sept. 11, 1800, m. Levi Graves; Hannah, b. Dec. 
 
 5, 1802, d. young; Horace, b. Nov. 17, 1804, d. young; David, b. Aug. 
 15, 1807, d. Nov. 9, 1822; Sophroiiia, b. Oct. 14, 1809, m. J. M. Jewett; 
 Miriam, b. April 2, 1812, m. Nathaniel Hazleton ; Justin, b. Sept. 9, 
 1814; Eliza A., b. Aug. 11, 1816, d. young; Eliza A., b. Oct. 16, 1818, 
 m. Lewis Frary. 
 
 Wait, Tiiomas,6 Nathan,'^ d. Sept. 14, 1856. He m. Jan., 1822, 
 Electa Kingsley, dau. of Supply ; chil. Cordelia, b. July 14, 1824, m. 
 Daniel F. Morton; Chester K., b.S.(Ig. 12, 1825; Judith W., b. Dec. 15, 
 1828, m. William Stickney ; Charles D., b. Feb. 5, 1831; Mary, b. March 
 
 20, 1834, m. George Marks. 
 
 Wait, Nelson, 6 Nathan,-'' m. Caroline Warner, of Leicester; chil. 
 Horace, d. young; Alonzo, d. young; George, b. 1840; Eliza Ann, b. 
 July 1, 1842, m. John Avery; Jenny, b. 1844, m. Charles Andrews; 
 Alonzo, d. young; Ellen E. ; Joseph W. ; Thomas. 
 
 Wait, John Bement, ^ Nathan,'' lives on the old homestead; m. Dec. 
 
 6, 1838, Celia Ford, dau. of John ; chil. Alfred E., b. Sept. 20, 1840; 
 John Edward, b. Dec. 12, 1843; Adelaide, b. Sept. 20, 1845, m. Arthur 
 S. Stephens; Arthur W., b. Dec. 27, 1847, d. young; Willis E , b. Mar. 
 
 21, 1850; Marah M., b. Nov. 14, 1852; Francis D., b. Aug. 19, 1856, d. 
 June 24, 1869; Anna L., b. Feb. 17, 1860. 
 
 Wait, Erastus,^ Benjamin, ^ m. April 10, 1820, Polly Burroughs, dau. 
 of Stephen ; chil. George A., h. Feb. 24, 1821, m. Elizabeth Williams; 
 Mary A., b. May 12, 1823, m. John Woolley ; Ella J., b Sept: 15, 1825, 
 m. James B. Parish; Seth A., b. June 27, 1827; BenjdHnin F., b. Feb. 1, 
 1830, m. Martha Ferris; Charles H.,h. May 26, 1834, m. Ella Stevens; 
 C/iar^^/<t', b. April 22, 1836, m. Rev. Johnson Wright; Henrietta E., h. 
 April 12, 1838, m. Frederick Backus; Sarah M., h. Aug. 25, 1840, ni. 
 Edwin Wright; Julia A., b. Aug. 3, 1841, m. Edwin Hannum ; Frederick 
 P., h. Feb. 7, 1844; Clarence, b. Aug. 8, 1845, d. young. 
 
 Wait, Horace, c Benj ,'' m. Aug. 15, 1839, Tamer A. Dexter; chil. 
 Henry M., h. June 28, 1840, m. Helen M. Finch; Clark B., b. Sept. 14, 
 
277 
 
 1843, d. Jan. 9, 1856; Mclancthon D . , b. Oct. 1, 1846, d» young; Herhert 
 B.,h. Feb. 7, 1848; Willis S., b. Sept. 29, 1851. 
 
 Wait, JrsTix,*> Jeremiah, ^ m. Dec. 5, 1839, Mary A. Woolsey, dau. of 
 Jonathan, of Brookline, Vt. ; chil. Edioin E., b. March 8, 1843; John IV., 
 b. A^g. 15, 1846 ; Ellen M , b. Aug. 31, 1848, m. Charles Stoweil ; Justin 
 Frank, b. Jan. 2b, 1853; CJiarles F., b. Dec. 24. 1856. d. July 14, 1863. 
 
 Wait, Chester K., '5' Tliomas,*^ lives south of the centre cemetery; m. 
 Nov. 23, 1854, Miranda Hubbard, dau. of Elijah; chll. Alice J., b. Nov. 
 15. 1857; Charles IL, b. April 15, 1869. 
 
 Wait, Chaki.es D.," Thomas,*' ra. Nov. 14, ISGI. Altliea M. Fox, dau. 
 of S. W. Fo.Y. 
 
 Wait, Alfrep Eugene,'' John Bement,^ d. July 1, 1866. He m. Jan. 
 1, 1863, Elizabeth Franklin, dau. of Horace; chil. Esther, h. Aug., 1864; 
 Nettie, b. 1866. Wait, John E.,''' lives on the Thomas Wait place; ni. 
 June 19, 1867, Eliza Stoddard, dau. of Nathan, of Templeton ; child, 
 Arthur A., b. Feb. 4, 1870. 
 
 Wait, Edwin E ,7 Justin,** rem. to Springfield; m. July 28, 1868, Eliza 
 A. White, dau of Rev. Calvin; chil. Maude Estelle, h. Aug. 22, 1869. 
 Wait, John W.,^ m. Oct. 3, 1868, Fanny O. Morgan, dau. of Theodore; 
 child, son, b. Oct. 24, 1871. 
 
 Wait, Joel, 1780, lived on Poplar hill, north of the Chester Brown 
 place; d. July 5, 1820, wife Mary Carey, dau. of Dea. Joseph; chil. 
 Joel, b. March 30, 1774, m. Leantha Hanks, of Thetford, Vt. ; Submit, b. 
 Dec. 7, 1775; d. young; Polly, b. Dec. 17, 1776, m. William Brown; 
 Mercy, m. Chamberlain, of Thetford, Vt. ; Hannah, m. Isaac Chap- 
 roan ; Submit, b. Dec. 9, 1780. 
 
 Wait, John, son of John and Mary, of Williamsburg, b. Nov. 4, 1781 ; 
 m. Cath.Trine Morton, dau. of Samuel Gillctt Morton; chil. Elvira, b. 
 Aug. 8, 1806, m. J. F. Harwood; Martha S., h. June 3, 1808, m. William 
 F. Bardwell; Samuel O., b. Nov. 11. 1811. 
 
 Wait, Samuel G.,a d. April 6, 1861. He m. July 23, 1851, wid. 
 Lorinda (llayden) Frary, d. June 18, 1866, aged ^; chil. George; Sam- 
 uel; Martha; Charles II., h. July 1, 1858. 
 
 Walker, Jacor, 1753-87; a joiner ; lived on the place now owned by 
 J. Austin Elder. See p. 160. 
 
 Warner, Jesse, lived on Poplar Hill. 
 
 Warner, Luther, 1814, wife Electa. Warner, Ralph, son of Luther ; 
 b. Aug. 5, 1806, lives near the Baptist meeting-house; m. Almira Bennett, 
 b. May 2, 1808; chil. Phineas, d. young; EllicAt A., b. March 15, 1830; 
 Nancy B., m. Trueman Merrilt, of Worcester; Mary L., m. Luther G. 
 Stearns. Warner, Elliott A., son of Ralph, m. Sept. 22, 1852, Caro- 
 line P. Brooker, dau. of John; chil. Emma A., b. Feb. 2, 1854, m. J. H. 
 Hoar ; Eva May, b. June 14, 1870. 
 
 Warner, Edwin, son of Melzar, of Williamsburg ; m. Oct. 5, 1848, 
 Almira L. Smith, dau. of Seth ; chil. Ella A., h. May 18, 1850; Seih 
 Smith, b. April 25, 1853; Maria E., b. Jan. 6, 1854; Harriet A., b. Sept. 
 25, 1856; Alice E., b. Feb. 2, 1860; Jessie Isabel, b. Dec. 23, 1862, d. 
 Aug. 2, 1865; Carrie A., b. June 25, 1870. 
 
278 
 
 Warner, Foster Y., son of Josiah, of Amherst, b. July 17, 1810; ra. 
 March 2, 1837, Achsah Morton, dau. of Sylvester; chil. Emerson Clark, 
 b. Aug. 26, 1839; Harriet Emma, b. May 12, 1812, d. Feb. 28, 1816; 
 Osmyn Erwin, b. March 21, 1811; Melvin Eastman, b. Jan. 11, 1817, d. 
 Jan. 4, 1819. Warner, Emerson C, 2 lives on the original John JValt 
 place; m. Nov. 11, 1860, Amanda Hunter, dau. of Abram, of Chester; 
 chil. Elizabeth, b. Oc-t. 27, 1863; Minnie Bell, b. iMay 16, 1870. 
 
 Week.s, Robert D., Prof, son of Rev. Willlaiu R. ; rem. to Newark, 
 N. J., m. (1) Sept. 28, 1813, Elvira J. Crafts, dau. of Rufus ; she d. Feb. 
 18, 1858; m. (2) Mary A. Green; chil. William Rufus, b. Sept. 3, 1844, 
 d. young; Ritfus Wells, h. Aug. 11, 1816; Lucy Raymond, b. May 26, 
 1818; Robert Grisivold, b. July 16, 1850; George Franklin, b. July 2, 
 1852; John Randall, b. Jan. 18, 1856. 
 
 Wells, Hi;gh,i b. in Essex Co., England; settled in Hartford, Conn., 
 d. about 1645. Wife Frances; she m. (2) Thomas Coleman; moved with 
 him to Hadley, and d. 1678. Hugh left sons, John, who settled in Hatfield, 
 and was the ancestor of Noah ; Thomas, who settled in Hadley, and was 
 the ancestor of Rev. Rufus. 
 
 Wells, John, 2 d. in Hatfield, Oct. 18, 1692; wife Sarah. Wells, 
 JonN,^ d. in Hatfield, April 21, 1720, aged 49; wife Rachel Marsh. 
 
 Wells, Noaii,-i John, 3 b. Jan. 18, 1719 ; settled in Whately 1758. See 
 p. 61. He m. Abigail IJardwell, dau. of Ebenezer; chil. Lemuel; Elisha, 
 b. July 30, 1747; Daniel; Abigail, m. Paul Warner; Simeon; Perez, h. 
 Nov. 19, 1757; Violet, m. Joel Morton; John. 
 
 Wells, lyEMUEL,^ Noaii,'^ d. in Ilawley. He m. Lydia Scott, dau. of 
 David ;3 chil. Israel, b. June 16. 1774; Lydia, m. Israel Graves ; Lemuel; 
 Quartus, bap. Aug. 22, 1779 ; Noah, bap. Jan. 6, 1782, m. Jenny Fergu- 
 son, d. at Sangersfield, N. Y. ; Oad ; Esther, ra. Israel Crafts. 
 
 Wells, Elisiia,-'' Noah,"* lived on the west side of IMount Esther; rem. 
 
 to Hawley ; m. (1) Rhoda Graves ; (2) Amy ; chil. Amy, h. April 6, 
 
 1772, m. Daniel King; Sarah, b. Nov. 12, 1773, m. Bates; Jonathan, 
 
 b. Oct. 11, 1776; Th(Mdeus, b. Jan. 12, 1779, m. Prudence Blood; Abi- 
 gail, b. Jan. 2, 1782, m. AshcT Loomis ; Sabra, b. April 5, 1784, m. 2"^oah 
 Cooley; Elisha, b. June 19, 1786, ni. Rebecca Hull; Emily, h. June 2, 
 1788, m. Alvan Darby; Clarissa, h. Dec. 3, 1790, m. Israel Crafts; Ruth, 
 h. Aug. 4, 1793. 
 
 Wells, Daniel,-'' Noah,'* m. May 19, 1774, Apphia Dickinson, dau. of 
 Abner. 
 
 Wells, Simeon,^ Noah,4 wife Sarah; chil. Charles ; William, bap. Oct. 
 2, 1791; Sarah, bap. Nov 30, 1792. 
 
 Wells, Perez, -^ Noah,4 d. Jan. 23, 1852. He m. Elizabeth Crafts, 
 dau. of Benoni, d. July 30, 1848; chd. Chester, h. Dec. 30, 1782; Calvin, 
 h. May 22, 1785; Lucinda, b. March 11, 1787, d. Aug. 31, 1794; Luther, 
 h. Oct. 30, 1790; Rhoda; Lewis; Isaac, d. young; Lewis, b. June 3, 
 1799; Lucinda, b. Aug. 3, 1802, m. Leander Clark; Rhoda, b. May 17, 
 1806, d. March 15, 185 J ; Isaac, b, Nov. 27, 1808. 
 
 Wells, Isiiael,^ Leuiuel,^ carpenter and wheelwright; rem. Dec. 
 
279 
 
 1817, to Bloomsbury, Pa. ; d. Feb. 21, 18.53. He m. July 11, 1798, Dolly 
 Smith, dau. of Ciad. d. Dec. 27, 183G ; cliil. ^edywick, b. Dec. 22, 1801 ; 
 Theodore, b. April 24, 1804, m. Sept. 24, 1828, Maitlia Clark; Laura, b. 
 Marcli 24, 180G, d. Oct. 21, 1814; Clarissa, b. Mardi 7, 1809, d. .May 5, 
 1814; Israel, b. Aajjust 8, 1812; Clarissa, b. April 8, 1814, m. William 
 Rupert; Moseley Dewey, b. April 16, 1817. 
 
 Wklls, Jonathan,'' Elislia,-'' wife, Charlotte; chil. Amy, b. Feb. 6, 
 1809; Charlotte, b. Mar. 16, 1»13; Jiuliih D., b. Aug. 14, 1814; Willard, 
 b. Aug. 8, 1816; Wealthy, b. Dec. 6, 1818, m. Newton Pease, of East- 
 hampton ; Sally, b. Sept. 2, 1820. 
 
 Wklls, Ciikstku.^ Perez,-'' blacksmith; town clerk; d. June 8, 1854. 
 He m. March 9, 1814, Hannah Hardwell, dau. of Moses, d. June 9, 1844; 
 chil. Phila, b. July 25, 1815, d. young; Phila, b. Oct. 27, 1817, d. April 
 4, 1851; Eurotas, b. June 26, 1819; Lucinda, b. March 5, 1824, d. Feb. 
 16, 1862; Almira, b. Aug. 8, 1825, m. Sept. 8, 1861, M. W. Jewett; 
 infant, b. and d. Jan. 5, 1828; Mary Jcrusha, b. Nov. 10, 1829, d. April 
 25, 1836. 
 
 Wells, Calvin,'' Perez, ^ selectman; town treasurer ; rep.; d. !March 
 19, 1866. He m. Feb. 27, 1806, Thankful Crafts, dau. of John, d. May 
 19, 1863; chil. John, b. Nov. 15, 1806; Nancy, b. May 6, 1809, m. Noah 
 Crafts; Po;/er. b. Jan. 5, 1813; Calvin, b. Oct. 18, 1821; Julia E.,b. 
 Sept. 15, 1824, ra. Alden A. Foote. 
 
 Wklls, Lutheh,'' Perez,-'' wheelwright; town treasurer; d. Sept. 22, 
 1866. He m. May 13, 1818, Elizabeth Smith, dau. of Joel, d. Jan. 7, 
 1862; chil. Charles, b. July 8, 1819; Joel Smith, h. Dec. 30, 1820; Anye- 
 line, h. Aug. 15, 1823; Luther, and Elizabeth, b. Feb. 6, 1827; Perez M., 
 b. March 28, 1829; Oeorye, b. Dec. 24, 1831; Auyusta, b. April 19, 
 1833. 
 
 Wells, Lewis.g Perez,-'^ d. March 19, 1854. He m. Dec. 3, 1821, 
 Pamela Wait, dau. of Jeremiah ; chil. David Dicighf, h. Oct. 1, 1822; 
 Warren E., b. March 22, 1825, d. young; Warren E., b. Dec. 19, 1S28 ; 
 Isaac N., b. Dec. 21, 1830, d. July 17, 1860; Beulah C, b. Oct. 21, 1832, 
 m. Willard N. Beals. Wells, Isaac,*' Perez,-'' ni. ; lives in 111. 
 
 Wells, Sedgwick,''' Israel,'' m. July 24, 1825, Hannah A, Drehr ; chil. 
 son, b. May 14, 1826; William E., b. March 3, 1828, d. Sept. 24, 1841 ; 
 Julia P., b. April 8, 1830, in. P. McIIuling ; Clarissa R., b. Feb. 5, 1834 ; 
 Amelia E., b. July 19, 1836, m. Dr. Joseph P. Webb. 
 
 Wells, Israel,''' Israel, ^ lives at JNIuncy, Pa. ; m. Nov. 14, 1835, 
 Catharine F. Hodge, b. June 14, 1814; chil. Theodore Clark, h. July 21, 
 1837 ; Thomas S., b. Jan. 29, 1839 ; Harvey S., h. Oct. 10, 1840 ; Clarissa, 
 b. May 10, 1844, m. Joseph Fulincr; James D. C, b. Dec. 5, 1852. 
 Wells, Mosely D.,'' Israel,'' m. Jan. 9, 1844, Harriet llawley, b. April 
 1, 1822; child, Mary Dolly, b. April 1, 1.S66. 
 
 Wells, Eukotas," Chester,'' d. March 15, 1855. He m. Sept. 12, 
 1850, Sarah H. Forbes; child. Mary Eunice, b. Feb. 27, 1853. 
 
 Wells, Portek,''' Calvin,'' m. April 30, 1840, Marietta Foote; chil. 
 John, b. May 17, 1841; David F., b. Feb. 11, 1845, d. Aug. 11, 1816; 
 
280 
 
 David P., h. Oct. 23, 1848 ; Calvin D., b. May 5, 1856, d. June 12, 
 1857. 
 
 Wells, Calvin," Calvin,*' lives at Saratoga, N. Y. ; in. Jan. 31, 1848, 
 Hannah M. Waterbury ; chii. Francis W., b. Dec. 23, 1848; Allen B., b. 
 Aug. 19, 1850; Cynthia A., b. Jan. 15, 1854; Fanny T., b. June 6, 1857, 
 Charles M., b. Aug. 31, 1802. 
 
 Wells, Joel Smith, ''^ Luther,6 rem. to Ohio ; d. Sept. 26, 1868. He 
 m. Ann E. Bailey, of Hampton, Can. ; chil. Letitia E., j?. March 1, 1853 ; 
 Tryphena, b. April 22, 1856, d. young. 
 
 Wells, Perez M.,'' Luther,^ m. Dec. 25, 1861, Lucretia H. Whitman; 
 chil. George II., b. Oct. 31, 1862; Carrie J., b. March 8, 1864; Kate, b. 
 Aug. 4, 1866. 
 
 Wells, David D.,'' Lewis, ^ m. Oct. 25, 1846, Irena M. Cushman, dau. 
 of Ezra, d. April 17, 1870; chil. Inez Qertrude, b. May 19, 1847, m. 
 Rufus M. Swift; Mary Lucinda, b. Feb. 16, 1851; Nellie Julia, b. Mar. 
 6, 1853; Anna Cora, b. March 6, 1855. Wells, Wakren E.,'' Lewis,^ 
 m. Julia M. Coats, of Northampton. 
 
 Wells, Amelia E ,'^ Sedgwick," m. (1) Dr. Joseph P. Webb, of Pitts- 
 burg, Pa. ; (2) Dec. 17, 1868, George W. Mingor; chil. Wells D., b. Oct. 
 18, 1858; Jennie P., b. June 6, 1861; Kate A., b. Sept. 19, 1863; 3Iary 
 J., b. Dec. 5, 1865; Bobert Walter, b. Aug. 23, 1869, d. Dec. 18, 1870; 
 George W., b. April 1, 1871. 
 
 Wells, Theodore Clark,*^ Israel,'^ m. Feb. 27, 1862, Mary Jane 
 Johnson ; chil. Kate Lulu, h. May 23, 1863 ; Harvey Swaby, b. Nov. 20, 
 1865, d. Dec. 12, 1866; Israel Boyd, h. Nov., 1869. 
 
 Wells, John,8 Porter,^ m. Nov. 18, 1863, Sarah J. Root, of Westfield ; 
 chil. Etta M., h. May 1, 1865, d. May 9. 1865 ; Ella L., b. July 25, 1866 ; 
 Earry E., b. Aug. 10, 1868. Wells, David P.,* Porter,^ m. Nov. 15, 
 1871, Mary Jane Foster, dau. of Rev. John P. Foster. 
 
 Wells, Thoma.s,^ Hugh,' b. about 1620; d. 1676; wife, Mary; she m. 
 (2) Samuel Belding. Wells, Ebenezer,-'^ b. July 20, 16G9 ; m. (1) Sarah 
 Wait, dau. of Sergeant Benjamin ; (2) Sarah, widow of John Lawrence. 
 Wells, Thomas, M. D.,4 of Deerfield, b. Sept. 25, 1693, d. 1744. He 
 m. Sarah Hawks, who d. in Whately, Oct. 10, 1783, aged 82. 
 
 Wells, Rufus, Rev. ,5 Thomas, M. D.,4 b. in Deerfield, Sept. 29, 
 1743; d. Nov. 8, 1834. He m. (1) Dec. 16, 1776, Sarah Porter, dau. of 
 Rev. Nehemiah Porter, of Ashfield ; she d. Aprd 27, 1796, aged 40; (2) 
 Jan. 14, 1802, wid. Temperance Shepard, of Sharon, Conn., d. Oct. 7, 
 1830, aged 74; chil. Sarah, b. Oct. 6, 1777, m. Charles Dickinson; 
 Rebecca, b. Nov. 27, 1778, m. John Baker; son, b. July 5. 1780; Thomas, 
 b. Dec. 12, 1781; Luke, b. March 28, 1783, d. young; Luke, b. July 4, 
 1784; Elizabeth, b. March 'lb, 1786, m. Allen Baker ; Sophia, b. Sept. 30, 
 1787, d. young; daughter, h. Nov. 26, 1789. 
 
 Wells, Thomas,6 Rev. Rufus,^ d. Sept. 25, 1849. He m. (1) Mary 
 Wells, b. Sept. 22, 1781, d. Dec. 27, 1820; (2) Harriet (White) Arms, 
 dau. of Salmon White, Jr., and wid. of Moses Arms; [Mary Wells was 
 dau. of Col. John, of Rovve, who was son of Lieut. Samuel, of Greenfield, 
 
281 
 
 who was son of John, of Deerfield, who was bro. of Thomas, M. I). ; '] 
 fhil. Mary Sophia, b. Feb. 8, 1812, m. Leonard Strong; Jnlin I/airk.s, h. 
 Nov. 26, 1813; Samuel Smead, h. Dec. 8, 1815; liufus Porter, b. Feb. 
 4, 1818* 
 
 Wklls, Luke, Capt.,^ Rev. Rufns,"' d. :\Iarth 27, 1818. lie m. Mary 
 Cooley, b. Sept. 6, 1784, d. Dec. 4, 18C;5; chiL Sara/i, h. Jan. 27, 1808, 
 ni. Silas Rice; Manj b. May 7, 1810, in. Luke B. White; Cald) Cooley, 
 b. Sept. 8, 1812; Elizabeth, b. May 4, 1815, d. Aug. 26, 1833; Almira, 
 b. Sept. 23, 1817, d. Oct. 21, 1836; Silas F., b. Aug. 30, 1819, d. Feb. 
 10, 1820; Experience P., b. Nov. 23, 1822, m. Samuel B. White; Charles 
 Phelps, b. March 20, 1827. 
 
 Wells, Mary Soriii.v,'? Thomas, " d. July 3, 18:56. She m. May 21, 
 1833, Leonard Strong, of Williamsburg, b. Feb. 4, 1.S07, d. Aug. 23, 
 1870; chil. Eliza Jane, b. March 17, 1834, m. April 28, 1868, Edwin 
 Whitney Merritt ; Mary Sophia Wells, h. Nov. 4, 1S;55, m. Sept. 8, 1857, 
 James Carlton Arms. 
 
 Wells, John H.,'? Thomas," merchant in Kasthanipton ; d. Feb. 8, 
 1872. He m. Sarah B. INIiller, of Williamsburg; s. p. 
 
 Wells, Samuel S.,~ Thomas,^' m. June 18, 1840, Mary A. Williams; 
 chi\. Ella Louise, h. Ma.y 12, 1843; Fidueia Smead, b. Aug. 13, 1845; 
 George Thomas, b. Dec. 25, 1849; Mary Ann, b. Nov. 21, 1852. 
 
 Wells, Rueus P., Rev."^ Thomas,^ m. Sept. 10, 1845, Chloe B. Belden. 
 dau. of Aaron; chil. Thomas Belden, b. June 24, 1846, d. Nov. 6, 1846; 
 Mary Sophia, b. Aug. 13, 1850; Fanny Henrietta, b. Feb. 12, 1854; lu-in 
 sons, b. Sept. 23, 1856; danghier, b. Nov. 29, 1858; Anna Porter, b. 
 April 29, 1860. 
 
 Wells, Sauah,^ Capt. h\ikQ.,<^ d. Jan. 19, 1837. She m. Silas Rice, b. 
 Jan. 6, 1793, d. June 19, 1866; child, Sarah Maria, b. Dec. 23, 1832, m. 
 William Porter, of Buckland. 
 
 Wells, Caleb Cooley," Capt. Luke,'' d. April 25, 1842. lie m. 
 Mercy Morton, dau. of Consider ; s. p. 
 
 Wells, Charles V.,"^ Capt. Luke,6 m. Jan. 6, 1853, Sarah B. Tatro, 
 b. Oct. 29, 1831 ; chiL Charles Luke, b. June 23, 1858 ; Herbert CliJJ'ord, 
 b. Oct. 29, 1861 ; Arthur Phelps, b. Feb. 12, 1864. 
 
 White, John,' settled in Cambridge ; was made freeman, JNIarch 4, 
 1633; rem. in 1636, to Hartford, Ct. ; was a first settler in Iladley ; 
 returned to Hartford ; was ruling elder in the South Church; d. 1683; 
 wife, ]\Iary. White, Daniel,- resided in Hatfield; lieut. ; d. July 27, 
 1713; wife, Sarah Crow. White, Daniel,^ b. July 4, 1671, in Hatfield; 
 rem. to Windsor, Ct. ; d. June 22, 1726. He m. (1) Sarah Bissell, dau. 
 of Thomas ; (2) Anna Bissell, dau. of John ; (3) Elizabeth Bliss. White, 
 Daniel, •* b. Sept. 5, 1698; captain ; rem. from Windsor, Ct., to Hatfield ; 
 then to Bolton, Ct. ; and returned to Hatfield, where he d. Dec. 15, I7>!6. 
 He m. (1) Mary Dickinson ; (2) Elizabeth White. 
 
 White, Salmon,'' Capt. Daniel,"* bap. Oct. 31, 1731 ; settled in Wiiately 
 on the Luke B. White place, about 17(52; captain; deacon; a leading 
 man in the new settlement; d. June 21, 1815. He m. Mary Wait, who d. 
 
 LL 
 
282 
 
 June 21, 1821, aged {)'l ; chil. Salmon, b. Sept. 22, 17C0; John, b. Jan. 
 9, 17G2; Mary, b. Jan. 24, 1764, m. Ebenezer Arms, of Greenfield; 
 Elizabeth, b. Feb. 18, 1766, m. Perez Hastings, of Hatfield; Ilercij, b. 
 March 3, 1768, ra. Asahel Wright, Jr., of Decrfield ; Judith, b. Pec. 29, 
 1770; a school-mistress : d. unm. April 18, 1824 ; TJwmas, b. April 12, 
 1773, m. Hannah Ilarwood. dau. of Capt. Mathan, of Windsor, Mass.; 
 rem. to Ashfield ; Electa, b. Sept. 22, 1775, m. Elijah Allis. [Widow 
 Mary Wait, mother of Mary, above, spent the latter part of her life in the 
 family of Dea. White. She died August 18, 1791, aged 99 years and 9 
 months. In her extreme age her mental faculties almost entirely failed. 
 For some years, her life was literally a second childhood. She required to 
 be fed, and would amuse herself by dressing and fondling dolls, and other 
 infantile sports. But about a week before her death, her mind suddenly 
 brightened up. She spoke intelligently of the Rev. Mr. Williams, of 
 Hatfield,— her former pastor, —and repeated the wJiole of the Asscmhhfs 
 Shorter Catechism, questions, answers, and proofs. She then gradually 
 sunk away, and died as the candle goes out in its socket.] 
 
 White, Salmon, ^ Dea. Salmon,^ a farmer; d. May 1, 1822, He m. 
 (1) Lydia Amsden, of Deerfield, d. Feb. 22, 1799, aged 32; (2) Nov. 27, 
 
 1799, Anna Allis, wid. of Col. Josiah, d. June 21, 1839, aged 83; chil. 
 Justus, h. June 3, 1787 ; Harriet, b. March 4, 1790, m. (1) Nov. 12, 1811, 
 Moses Arms, of Greenfield; (2) Thomas Wells; Ilanj, b. June 3, 1793, 
 m. Oct. 1, 1814, Jerry Allis; child, b. and d. April 19, 1798. 
 
 White, John,^ Dea. Salmon,^ deacon ; selectman ; rep. ; d. April 2, 
 1830. He m. Elizabeth Brown, dau. of Samuel, of Worcester, who d. 
 March 26, 1853, aged 83; chil. Imke Brown, b. May 8, 1797; Elizabeth 
 Mary, b. Jan. 23, 1799, m. John Bardwell Morton ; Judith, b. Nov. 17, 
 
 1800, d. Aug. 27, 1810; Maria, b. Oct. 31, 1802, m. Eurotas Morton; 
 Joh7i,h. Aug. 2, 1804; Elvira, h. Oct. 19, 1806, m. Levi Bush, Jr.; 
 Samuel Brooks, b. Jan. 9, 1811; Judith, b. May 18, 1813, d. May 4, 
 1837 ; Eunice, b. Dec. 24, 1819, d. Dec. 30, 1824. 
 
 White, Justus,''' Salmon, 6 deacon; selectman; rep. ; d. April 4, 1855. 
 He m. Rhoda Frary, dau. of Maj. Phineas ; she d. Oct. 2, 1855; chil. 
 Coi-nelia, b. July 4, 1809, m. John White; Salmon, b. Oct. 1, 1810, d. 
 Jan. 12, 1834; Lrjdia Amsden, b. Jan. 1, 1814, d. Aug. 29, 1835. 
 
 White, Luke B.,^ Dea. John,^ lived on the old homestead; select- 
 man ; d. Oct. 12, 1853. He m. Oct. 21, 1830, Mary Wells, dau. of Capt. 
 Luke; she d. June 15, 1839; chil. Henry Kirke, b. September 25, 1831 ; 
 Theophilus Huntington, b. Nov. 19, 1832, d. July 16, 1843; Mary Eliza- 
 beth, b. Aug. 2, 1834, m. Oliver D. Root, M. D. ; John Newton, b. Nov. 
 18,1835; Sarah Wells, b. Sept. 14, 1837, d. April 14, 1838; Samuel 
 Brooks, h. June 5, 1839. 
 
 White, John,^ Dea. John,c deacon; m. Jan. 12, 1836, Cornelia 
 White, dau. of Dea. Justus; chil. Lydia Amsden, b. November 22, 1838; 
 Salmon Phelps, b. Feb. 1, 1841; Cornelia Maria, h. Sept. 13, 1853. 
 
 White, Samuel B.," Dea. John,^ selectman; town treasurer; rep.; 
 m. Jan. 12, 1848, Experience P. Wells, dau. of Capt. Luke; she d. Sept. 
 
283 
 
 29, ISni; chil. Manj Elizabeth, h. Aug. 11, 1850, m. Oct. 12, 1871, 
 Franklin D. Belden; Arthur, h. Out. V,), 1851, <J. Aug. 3, 1863; Sarah 
 Almira, b. Sept. 19, 1853, d. Nov. 4, ISOl; Fanny Ifuntin'/ton, b. Oct. 
 28, 1856; Helm Phelps, b. Aug. 31, 1858; Rufus Wells, b. Aug. ->9, 1860; 
 d. Aug. 1863. 
 
 WniTK, IIenhy K.,** Luke 1>.," lives on the old homestead; m. Oct. 
 18, 1866, Helen S. Mcllae, dau. of .Joseph W., of Roxbury ; chU. Henry 
 Kirke, b. Sept. 15, 1867; Lcicis Allis, b. May 11, 1869; Helen Gertrude, 
 b. Jan. 7, 1871. 
 
 Whitk, Maky I0i.i/.AHr,Tn,8 Luke B.," m. May 21, 1856, Oliver 1). 
 Root, M. D., of Conway; served as surgeon in the navy, dn the U. S. 
 barque Arthur, also on the Kearsarge, and the Estrella ; was in the attack 
 on Galveston, and at New Orleans under Farragut; d. at New Orleans, 
 La., Oct. 30, 1863; chil. Elizabeth Drodhead, b. Dec. 28, 1859; Theophilua 
 II., b. Oct. 12, 1861. 
 
 WiiiiE, John N.,^ Luke V>.,~ m. Dec. 31, 1857, Mary L. Brown, dan. 
 of Chester; chil. ~ Champion Broivn, b. Oct. 22, 1860, d. April 5, 1X115; 
 John Henry, b. July 10, 1862, d. April 28, 1865; Mary Wells, b. Jan. 12, 
 1864; Patty Louise, b. July 7, 1868. 
 
 White, Samujcl B.,« Luke B.,^ m. Mari Edith Lesure, dau. of Samuel ; 
 chil. Luke Brovn, b. Oct. 3, 1864; Herbert Le.mre, b. June, 1866; Charles 
 Wells, b. May 12, 1868. 
 
 White, Luther, 1781, son of Lieut. David and Roxcelany (Warner) 
 White; (she m. (2) Joseph Crafts, of Whately;) bap. Sept. 10, 1775; rem. 
 to the South. He m. July 4, 1800, Anna Robbins, of Whately ; child, 
 Amanda, h.'^ow. 20, 1800. White, Cottox, bro. of Luther; m. (1) 
 Demis Dickinson ; (2) Elizabeth Bancroft ; rem. to Hadley. 
 
 White, Wilmam, prob. son of William; m. May 17, 1793, Sarah 
 Morton, dau. of Oliver; rem. to Brooktield, Vt. ; chil. Amanda, m. Enoch 
 Adkins ; Sarah, m. Alpheus Freeman ; Adency, m. Elijah Edson ; Morris, 
 m. Goss. 
 
 Wilcox, Luther S.. son of Luther; b. Oct. 16, 1826; carpenter; 
 m. Nov. 22, 1855, Ellen M. Smith, dau. of J. L. ; s. p. 
 
 Wii.cox, David, m. Diana, dau. of Sylvester Davis, and wid. of Luther 
 Wilcox; she d. Oct. 28, 1847, age<l 46; chil. Maria, m. James Smith ; 
 Achsah, m. Otis Hill, of Belham. 
 
 Williams, Charles, son of Robert ; b. Aug. 16, 1834; in. Feb. 14, 
 1855, J>lizabeth A. Nelson, dau. of Columbus, b. Jan. 2, 1834; chil. Bobcrt 
 and Edward, twins, b. Feb. 9, 1857, d. young; Helen Isabella, b. Aug. 7, 
 1863. 
 
 Wills, Samuel, son of Benjamin and Elizabeth; b. in England, \\n-\l 
 9, 1833; lives on the Lieut. Noah Bardwcll place; m. Jan. 11, ISdii, 
 Martha Munson, wid. of Cotton. 
 
 WiN'CHELL, Reuhex, a merchant; postmaster; lived first in West 
 Whately, and occupied the store now owned by Rodol[)hus Jcnney; after- 
 wards built the Ijrick house in the centre of the town, where he had a store 
 and post-ollice ; wife, Chloc ; chil. Clymcnu, b. April 5, 1810, d. March 
 21, 1813; Chloe Clymena, b. Aug. 1, 1813. 
 
284 
 
 Wing, Samuel, son of Isaac ; b. Jan. 8, 1814; brick-mason; lives in 
 tbe Straits; m. Sept. 2t, 1839, Catharine De Wolf, dau. of John, of 
 Windsor, Ct ; chil. Beiihen C, b. Jan. 30, 1844, ra. Ellen M. Scott, of 
 Belchertown; Leroy D., b. Aug. 18, 1849; Samuel A., b. Sept. 29, 
 1853. 
 
 Wood, John, son of Sanmcl ; b. July 1, 1781; built in the Straits; 
 d. Dec. -58, 1858. He m. Sept. 9, 1807, Fanny Hibbard, dau. of George 
 and Lydia (Allen) Hibbard; she d. May 14, 1«40 ; chil. Eliplias H.,h. 
 March 10, 1810; Maria, b. INIarch IG, 1812, m. Samuel 11. Lamb; Samuel, 
 b. April 21, 1813, ra. Lucy Briggs ; lived in Northampton; Fanny, b. 
 Feb. 18, 18^5, m. Eli S. Ruddock, of South "Deerfield ; Sarah, b. April 
 21, 1828, m. William J. Woods; George A., b. Feb. 1, 1831. 
 
 Wood, Eliphas H.,^ lived in the centre of the town, and rem. to the 
 Depot village ; broom manufacturer and merchant; selectman ; m. July 17, 
 1828, Sarah Rartlett, dau. of Zebina; chil. Fanny II., b. June 7, 1829, 
 m. Samuel C. Wood ; John F., b. Aug. 1, 1830, d. Aug. 31, 1849 ; Lovisa 
 D., b. March 22, 1832, d. Aug. 25, 1833; Tryphena D., b. Dec. 2, 1833, 
 m. Henry S. Higgins ; Surah E., b. March 25, 1836, m. George Morton ; 
 Samuel A., b. Dee. 14, 1840; Eveline M., b. Sept. 5, 1844, ra. James 
 Dickinson; Eugene E., b. April 3, 1843, d. Feb. 13, 1844; George E., b. 
 Jan. 21, 1849. 
 
 Wood, George A.,^ rem. to Sunderland; m. Nov. 27, 1851, Mary 
 Ann Scott, dau. of Horace ; chil. Henry Hibbard, b. July 19, 1854 ; Martha 
 A., b. July 7, 1856 ; John, h. July 6, 1859 ; Allen. 
 
 Wood, Samuel A.,3 Eliphas H.,2 m. Jan. 15, 1868, Wealthy Marion 
 Gilbert, dau. of Stephen W. ; child, James Arthur, b. Jan. 8, 1870. 
 
 Wood, Samuel Cutler, son of Ira and Lydia (Taylor) Wood; m. (1) 
 March 1, 1854, Fanny H. Wood, dau. of E. II. ; she d. May 5, 1865; (2) 
 Jan. 2, 1867, Harriet M, Park, dau. of Levi, of Bernardston ; chil. Eugene 
 E., b. Nov. 8, 1854; Herder Cutler, b. Jan. 25, 1868; Fanny Estelle. 
 
 Woods, Joiix,i Sudbury, 1639 ; wife, Mary. Woods, James,2 Marl- 
 borough ; wife, Ilopestill Ward. Woods, James, -^ deacon ; wife, Dorothy 
 Barnes. Woods, Jonathan,'' wife, Lydia. Woods, Jonathan,^ of 
 New Braintree ; wife, Lydia Barr ; had eight sons and five daughters. 
 
 Woods, Martin, 6 Jonathan,'' b. Jan. 2, 1787, settled in Whately ; 
 marble-worker; d. July, 1859. He m. April 27, 1808, Electa Bacon, diiu. 
 of Philo, d. Aug. 12, 1852; chil. Lucinda, b. Jan. 28, 1809, m. Ashley 
 Holland; Lydia B., b. March 25, 1811, m. James Reed; Hopkins, b. July 
 15, 1813; MilUrent, b. Feb. 17, 1818, m. Robert Frary ; Electa, b. July 
 1, 1823, d. March 9, 1839. ' • 
 
 Woods, Jonathan, t^ Jonathan,'' b. Sept. 12, 1788 ; settled in Whately ; 
 drowned. May 10, 1824. He m. Aug. 20, 1809, Aletha Gilbert, dau. of 
 Josiah, d. 1867 ; chil. Mary S., b. Dec. 30, 1811, m. Selah W. Fox ; Emily 
 A., b. Jan. 11, 1815, d. unm. Aug. 12, 1854; William J., b. April 16, 
 1817; Azubah G., b. Jan. 27, 1819, m. Theodore Sprague ; Josiah G., 
 b. Dec. 28, 1820. 
 
 Woods, HoriciNs,''' Martin,*' marble-worker ; rem to Greenfield. He 
 
285 
 
 in. July ;>1, 18i2, Sarah E. Alexander, dau. of Elijah, of Northficld ; chil. 
 Isabel Alexander, b. March 31, 1843; Qeonjc Ilopkhi.s, b. July 31, 
 1846. 
 
 Woods, Wilmam J.," Jonathan,*' d. June 21, 1858. lie m. Jan. 1, 
 1850, Sarah AVood, dau. of John, d. ]\Iay 7, 1852; s. p. 
 
 Woods, Josiah G.," Jonathan," m. Sept. 27, 1853, Fidelia M. Hale, 
 of Bernardston ; child, Harriet E., b. April 7, 18G2. 
 
 WooDWAUD, Wesley, son of Eliphas and Joanna (Veber) Woodward ; 
 b. Aug. 6, 1834 ; rem. to Shelburne Falls ; m. March 2!), 1864, Annette 
 Aurelia Crafts, dau. of James i\I., d. Oct. 7, 1871; chil. Effle EsteUe, b. 
 ]\Iarch 12, 1865; Paul Ernest, h. Aug. 6, 1870, d. May 8, 1871; Wayne 
 We.shi/, b. July 29, 1871. 
 
 Wkkiiit, Aisigail, wid. of ; 1790; from Leverett; chil. Dorcas, 
 
 m. 1792, Henry D.Williams; Seth, m. Feb. 8, 1808, Kuth Fuller, and 
 had Charles, b. June 24, 1809 ; perhaps others. 
 
 Wrisley, Lyman, son of Obadiah, of Gill; hotel-keeper; d. April 23, 
 1857, aged 53. He m. Sept. 3, 1826, Fidelia Wait, dau. of Lemuel ; chil. 
 Frederick, b. Aug. 20, 1828, m. Mary Fay, lives in Boston ; Frances, b. 
 March 3, 1832, m. Charles Potter; Franklin, b. June 4, 1834, m. June 
 8, 1858, Helen W. Hartshorn, of Charlestovvn, lives in Boston; John L., 
 b. June 21, 1845. 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 PETITION TO GOV. HUTCHINSON. 
 
 The followinf>; Petitiou has been discovered since tlie body of the 
 book was printed. It is in the hand-writing of Rev. Mr. Wells ; is 
 characteristic of his style ; and has snfTicient historical value to warrant 
 its insertion in these pages. 
 
 " To His Excellency, Thomas Hutchinson, Esq., Cajitain- General and 
 Governor-in- Chief, in and over His Majesty's Province of Massa- 
 chusetts Bay ; and to the Honorahle, His Majesty's Council for the 
 said Province ; and the Honorable House of Representatives, in 
 General Court assembled, at Cambridge , the 8th day of April, A. D., 
 1772:— 
 
 " The inhabitants of Whatel}^ in the County of Hampshire, by their 
 committee, for this purpose appointed, beg leave to shevv to Your 
 Excellency, and Honors, — 
 
 " That the said inhabitants, upon a true and faithful representation 
 of y'' circumstances to the Honorable General Assembly for the hist 
 year, tho' but a small people, were so favored as to be incorporated 
 into a town ; that the main, and indeed almost only considerable rea- 
 son they then urged to the General Court for y'' incorporation, was 
 the unavoidable consequence, to them and their families, of their 
 great distance, viz., live, six, seven, and even eight miles, and more, 
 as to some few, from the place of public worship in Hatfield, which 
 for many of them, was not further, and to most was much more con- 
 venient than any other place they could go to : — that however true it 
 may be, many times, that indulgences, and even grants, founded in 
 mere justice, encourage to too great liberties in the petitioning way, — 
 we hope fully to satisfy Your Excellency, and Honors, that a further 
 grant to this people of a Tax of one penny a year per acre, on all the 
 lands ivithin the township of Whately, Jhr three years successively, can- 
 not be considered as an indulgence of mere fiivor, but will be founded 
 
287 
 
 iu truth and justice ; — aud tlicrufore pray that for these reasons follow- 
 ing, siifh a Tax may be ordered : to y,'it,— first, The only reasonable 
 end of niukiug new towns, and districts out of old towns, is, as to the 
 people themselves, that iu consequence of sucli new incorporations, 
 they may enjoy the same privileges they before had, with more ease 
 aud advantage, especially that of tiie public ministry : second, As to 
 the Government, the great aud most weighty end that can be proposed 
 for incorporatious of this sort, must be the making all the people 
 good subjects by means of an Orthodox Ministry which every one 
 may enjoy, and which any town aud district is by law obliged to 
 have. 
 
 "The petitioners further show that in pursuance of these great aud 
 weighty euds of their incorporation, (as well as others,) the said town 
 ot Wliately has settled a minister of the Gospel, qualified according 
 to law ; that by reason of their paucity and low circumstances, they 
 shall not, without tlie recpiested aid, be able to support their minister 
 and build a meeting-house, which they much want. 
 
 '•'• They also beg leave further to show, in additiou to the reasons 
 above mentioned, that the lands of all the non-resident proprietors are 
 rendered of more value by means of the said town's settling a minister 
 among them, than otherwise they would have been ; aud to observe 
 this further also, that the value of these lands will probably be 
 increased even by the very Tax itself, more than the sum i)roposed 
 will amount to, as it will always be a reason for supporting those 
 demands for these lands, which, without this aid, the owners would 
 scarce dare to rise to. 
 
 " The petitioners therefore humbly pray Your Excellency, and 
 Honors, to take the premises into your wise and deliberate considera- 
 tion, and grant, and order, a Tax of one penny, lawful money, a year, 
 for three years successively, on every acre of land in the said town- 
 ship of Whately, for the purposes herein before mentioned, — the land 
 of the Rev. JNIr. Rufus Wells excepted. 
 
 "And as in duty bound shall ever pray, 
 
 "NOAH WELLS. 
 
 "DANIEL MORTON. 
 
 "SALMON WHITE. 
 
 "PHILIP SMITH." 
 
 " Ju the House of Representatives, April 10, 1772: Ordered, That 
 the petitioners notify the non-resident proprietors, etc." 
 
 June 9, 1772. An order was passed requiring the petitioners to 
 notify the non-resident proprietors, etc. ; whicli implies that the first 
 required notice was not properly served. 
 
288 
 
 The Council •non-concurred ; but subsequently — July 13, 1772 — 
 re-considered their actiou, and concurred. 
 
 In Council, January 21, 1773, the petition was read again, aud 
 '"'■Ordered^ That Benjamin Greenleaf, Esq., aud Captain Brown, of 
 Watertowu, with such as the House shall join, be a coniiitittee to take 
 this Petition, with the several answers accompanying the same, into 
 consideration, and report what they think this Court should do 
 thereon." No further action on the petition has been found. 
 
 THE ACT OF INCORPORATION, HOW OBTAINED. 
 
 On page 82, it is stated that no petition for an Act of Incorporation 
 could be found among the records and files of the General Court. 
 Further search has failed to find it : but such a petition was actually 
 sent in, as appears from the following extract from the journal of the 
 House of Representatives : — 
 
 " April 5, 1771. A petition of the inhabitants of the north part of 
 Hatfield^ praying to be set off as a separate town, for reasons men- 
 tioned, accompanied with a vote of the town of Hatfield, shewing their 
 consent that the prayer be granted — 
 
 " Read, and Ordered^ That the petitioners have leave to bring in a 
 bill for the purpose of their petition." 
 
 It is matter of regret that this petition has not been preserved, 
 as it w^ould be interesting to know the " reasons mentioned " for 
 desiring a separation. But these " reasons " are evidently re-capitu- 
 lated in the petition for " a tax of one penny an acre on lands," 
 inserted ou the preceding pages. 
 
 BOATING ON CONNECTICUT RIVER. 
 
 The brief notice of this industry on page 182, was made up of 
 such items as could be gathered from the memories of the older peo- 
 ple living near the river; and is inaccurate in one or two particulars. 
 The little stern-wheel steam-boat, " John Ledyard," first made a trip 
 up through, — to Mclndoes Falls, — and did towing ou the upper sec- 
 tions of the river ; but was not long ou the route betweeu South Hadley 
 Falls and Greenfield ; nor was she blown up, as will appear in the 
 sequel. 
 
 Capt. T. M. Dewey, who was in company with David Stockbridge 
 after 1833, and commanded the steamer, " Ariel Cooley," in 1834, '35, 
 
289 
 
 and '36, has kiudly furuishcd au account of the boatiug business at 
 that period, with some remiuiscences of Mr. Stockbridge, which are 
 worth preserving in these annals. 
 
 " The Connecticut Kivcr \'allcy Steamboat Company was in full 
 operation in 1833, when I first became acfpiainted with the freighting 
 business on the river. They owned a line of boats called ' luggers,' 
 running from Hartford to the head of navigation at Wells river, Vt. 
 These luggers had no mast and wQre propelled only by poling or tow- 
 ing. The company .also owned several stern-wheek steamboats. As 
 the steamers were too large to pass through the locks and canals, the 
 first steamer would take the loaded freighters, sometimes four and 
 even«ix at a time, as far as Willimausett. They were then ' drawn 
 over Willimansett,' (I use the river parlance,) by a team of si.x; oxen 
 and two horses with a chain one hundred feet long; then ojjcrated 
 through the South lladley locks and canal, and taken by the next 
 steamer above to Montague canal ; then by the next from Miller's 
 river to the ' foot of swift water,' at Hinsdale, N. II., where, if the 
 wind was not unusually good, it was necessary to take in a number of 
 ' swift-water men ' lor twelve miles. These ' swift-water men ' were 
 engaged for the service beforehand, and were notified by a horseman 
 of the approach of boats, and always turned out at a minute's warn- 
 ing, day or night. Then the boats were taken to Bellows Falls, and 
 the same process over and over, through Queechee and White river 
 locks, up to Wells river. 
 
 " Other boatiug companies were on the riv^er at the same time ; and 
 all carried large amounts of goods of almost every description used 
 in the country stores, from Hartford to all tlie principal towns in the 
 valley, — freighting down with wood, brooms, hops, staves, shingles, 
 wooden-ware, and sometimes fine lumber. As the other companies 
 depended on the wind, they used convenient and serviceable boats, 
 well rigged, witii main and topsails, running-boards and cabin, with 
 rudder and helm instead of the steering-oar. 
 
 " Commencing at the lower section, there was the ' Joim Cooley 
 company,' — P^dmund Palmer, Roderick Ashley, Sylvester Day, J. B. 
 M., and 'Kit' Stebbins'; and the 'Parker Douglass company,' — 
 Stoddard Parker, George Douglass and brother, Albert Gowdy and 
 Horace Harmon. These two companies had their headipiarters at 
 Springfield, and did the freighting for the merchants of Hampden 
 county, each owning and running a steamer for towing their own 
 boats, and the boats of otiier companies. Next above, was ' Bard- 
 well, Ely & Co.,' — Josiah Bardwell, Hiram Smith, Pelatiah and 
 Joseph Ely, Broughton Alvord, Wliitiiig Street and David Strong; 
 they carried lor Soutii lladley, Northampton and adjoining towns. 
 
 M M 
 
200 
 
 Next, was Ca-pt. John Na.sli, who ownod and run one hoat for the 
 business of Iladley and Amherst. On the Greenfield reach was 
 ' Stockbridge, Culver & Co.,' — David Stockbridge, David Culver, J. 
 D. Crawford and T. M. Dewey. This company struck hands with 
 the ' Greenfield Boating Co,' in 1837, and took the name of ' Stock- 
 bridge, Allen, Root & Co,' — Messrs. Allen and Root taking the placS 
 of General Culver. They owned the steamer ' Ariel Cooley ' which 
 took their boats from the head of the South Iladley canal, and wind- 
 ing around the sn^iling Hockanum and Old Hadley bends, and through 
 the sinuosities of School Meadow flats, where an eel would be puz- 
 zled to find his way, landed them at the foot of Montague canal. 
 
 "Above Turner's Falls, after the collapse of the ' Connecticut Jliver 
 Valley Steamboat Company,' all steamboat ing was given up, — the 
 freight-boats, smaller than those on the lower sections of the river, 
 relying on the south wind and the ' white-ash-breeze.' 
 
 " Very few persons of the present day know anything of the method 
 of propelling a boat of from thirty to sixty tons up the river by means 
 of the white-ash-breeze aforesaid, and it may be worth an explanation. 
 In our river vernacular the term given to this kind of propulsion is, 
 ' poling a boat.' The poles used are made of the best white ash tim- 
 ber, and are from twelve to twenty feet in length, to suit the different 
 depths of the water, and are two inches or more in diameter, with a 
 socket-spike in the lower end, and a head on. the upper end for the 
 shoulder. The bows-man selects the pole he needs, — that is, if he is 
 an inside bows-man, a short pole, if an outside, a longer one, — sets 
 it firmly over the side, near the bow of the boat, and fitting the 
 head of the pole to his shoulder, straightens himself out along the 
 wale of the boat, with his feet on the bow-piece, and walks along 
 down on the timbers to the mast-board, thus shoving the boat ahead. 
 If there are two men on each side, number two takes a " set " in the 
 same way, number one lifting his pole over number two as he walks 
 back to the bow to take another " set." Sometimes, in hard water or 
 over bars, there are five or six men on a side. Probably this is the 
 hardest work ever undertaken by men. When it has happened that 
 they have been obliged to pole a boat from Hartford to Wells River, 
 without aid from wind or steam, for several days before they got 
 toughened, their bloody shoulders bore testimony to the severity of 
 their labor. 
 
 For sailing craft, the trip from Hartford to Wells River was ordi- 
 narily considered a good week's work. A day's work with poles, 
 would be from Hartford to Windsor Locks, — witli a good south wind, 
 from Hartford to jNIoatague canal. lu the latter years of boating, but 
 
201 
 
 little poling was done between the last named places, as steam or 
 wind was comraouly available. 
 
 " On our line, from South Iladley Falls to tlic foot of INIontaguc 
 canal, forty miles, tiie steamer having four boats in tow, the run was 
 generally made in twelve hours; and could be made by night as well 
 as by day, unless it was very cloudy. 
 
 " The business opened as soon as the spring freshet subsided : though 
 it was often necessary to 'lie by' in extra high water. I lay at the 
 foot of Old Hadley street, with the 'Ariel Cooley ' seven days, I think 
 in the spring of 1835, and started as soon as tlie boat would go under 
 Northampton bridge. The boats were kept running in the fall as 
 long as we could operate through the locks and canal, and get under 
 the bridges. 
 
 " The steamers were designed solely for towing. Our steamer 
 always gave the preference to our own company's boats ; yet, wiien 
 not fully loaded, would tow any other boats that oilercd. We loaded 
 jt Greenfield, and the other landings, for Hartford : i. e., the down 
 trip was expected to do strictly a 'through business;' up freights 
 were landed wherever it would best accomodate the merchants. 
 Whately goods Avere all landed at Stockbridge's wharf. Freight for 
 South Deerfield, Conway, Ashfield and Ilawley, was left at Sunder- 
 land bridge, west side ; while goods for Sunderland, Lcverett, and 
 adjoining towns, were left on the east side. 
 
 " Sometimes ' a round trip ' was made in a night and a day : i. e., in 
 twenty-four hours. Sometimes we were two or even three days in 
 going and returning, — depending on pitch of water, number of boats 
 in tow, etc. ; perhaps the average would be three trips per week. A 
 steamer's earnings for the season amounted to about three thousand 
 dollars. 
 
 " The ' Ariel Cooley ' — named after the engineer who planned the 
 South Hadley canal — was a steru-whccler, ninety feet long, and 
 eighteen feet wide, with two high-pressure engines of twenty horse 
 power each. She was overhauled in 1839; her name changed to 
 " Greenfield ; " and in the spring of 1840, just above Smith's Ferry, 
 she burst her boiler, killiug Capt. Crawford, Mr. Lancy, of Spring- 
 field, the maker of her machinery, and Mr. Wood the engineer. 
 
 " A new steamer was built, also named the " Greenfield," Avhich 
 was commanded by Capt. John Baker, and by Capt. Martin, and was 
 run till the opening of the Connecticut River llailroad in 1846. 
 
 " When I commenced in 1833, Belden's ferry and landing had gone 
 into disuse, and we made our landings at Stockbridge's wharf. I have 
 many pleasant remembrances of Mr. Stockbridge. His table was 
 always well loaded with the best of fare ; and this, together with his 
 
292 
 
 opeu, pleasaut couuteuance, and relish for a good joke, especially a 
 boatman's joke, was a strong inducement to all his men to reach 
 " Stockbridge's Wharf" in time for meals, and, peradventure, to 
 spend the night. He was very accommodating to all his customers, 
 and would often make large sacrifices in order to take along their 
 freight " hy the next boat" For this pnrpose the old white horse and 
 gig would spin up and down the valley at a marvellous rate of speed, 
 at all times of night or day. I have run the steamer many a night, 
 when it was too dark to be strictly safe, in order that a certain good 
 customer's brooms might go forward to Hartford the next day." 
 
 WHATELY SOLDIERS. 
 
 NAMES TO BE ADDED TO LISTS ALREADY GIVEN. 
 
 Elijah Sanderson was Ensign in the drafted Militia in 1814. 
 
 Haurison G. Scott, enlisted in Co. D, 52d Reg. Inf. M. V. M., for- 
 nine months' service. Mustered Oct. 11, 18G2; d. July 10, 1863, at Port 
 Hudson, La. 
 
 Latiirop Smith, enlisted at Northampton, in Co. C, 10th Reg. Inf. 
 M. v., for three years. Mustered June 21, 18G1 ; d. Sept. 10, 1861, at 
 Brightwood, D. C. 
 
 VOTES FOR GOVERNOR FROM 1781 TO 1871. 
 
 1781 
 
 John Hancock, . . 
 
 . 16 
 
 1794 
 
 William Gushing, . 
 
 21 
 
 
 Joseph Hawley, 
 
 . 1 
 
 
 Samuel Adams, . . 
 
 4 
 
 1782 
 
 John Hancock, . 
 
 . 6 
 
 1795 
 
 Samuel Adams, . . 
 
 . 16 
 
 
 William Heath, . . 
 
 . 8 
 
 1796 
 
 Increase Sumner, . 
 
 27 
 
 
 James Bowdoin, 
 
 . 3 
 
 1797 
 
 James Sullivan, 
 
 10 
 
 1783 
 
 James Bowdoin, 
 
 . 17 
 
 
 Increase Sumner, . 
 
 16 
 
 1784 
 
 Nathaniel Gorham . 
 
 . 14 
 
 1798 
 
 Increase Sumner, . 
 
 68 
 
 1785 
 
 Thomas Gushing . 
 
 . 7 
 
 1799 
 
 Increase Sumner, . 
 
 37 
 
 1786 
 
 James Bowdoin, 
 
 . 8 
 
 1800 
 
 Caleb Strong, . 
 
 76 
 
 1787 
 
 John Hancock, . . 
 
 . 9 
 
 
 Moses Gill, . . . 
 
 1 
 
 
 Gen. James Warren, 
 
 1 
 
 1801 
 
 Caleb Strong, . . 
 
 70 
 
 1788 
 
 John Hancock, . . 
 
 17 
 
 1802 
 
 Caleb Strong, . , 
 
 94 
 
 
 Elbridge Gerry, 
 
 5 
 
 1803 
 
 Caleb Strong, . 
 
 77 
 
 1789 
 
 John Hancock, . . 
 
 34 
 
 1804 
 
 Caleb Strong, . . 
 
 72 
 
 
 James Bowdoin, 
 
 1 
 
 
 James Sullivan, 
 
 22 
 
 1790 
 
 John Hancock, . 
 
 34 
 
 1805 
 
 Caleb Strong, . 
 
 78 
 
 1791 
 
 John Hancock, . . 
 
 20 
 
 
 James Sullivan, 
 
 47 
 
 1792 
 
 John Hancock, . . 
 
 12 
 
 1806 
 
 
 
 1793 
 
 John Hancock, . . . 
 
 16 
 
 1807 
 
 Caleb Strong, . . 
 
 72 
 
293 
 
 
 James Sullivan, . . 
 
 53 
 
 
 1S08 
 
 C'hristophor (iorc, . 
 
 71 
 
 1830 
 
 
 James Sullivan, . . 
 
 GO 
 
 
 1809 
 
 Christopher Gore, . . 
 
 82 
 
 
 
 Levi Lincoln, 
 
 09 
 
 
 1810 
 
 Christopher Gore, . . 
 
 97 
 
 1831 
 
 
 Elbridge Gerry, 
 
 80 
 
 May 
 
 1811 
 
 Christopher Gore, . 
 
 82 
 
 
 
 Elbridge Gerry . . . 
 
 79 
 
 
 1812 
 
 Caleb Strong, . , . 
 
 103 
 
 
 
 Elbridge Gerry, . . 
 
 92 
 
 1831 
 
 1813 
 
 Caleb Strong, . . . 
 
 105 
 
 Nov 
 
 
 J. 15. Varnura, . . 
 
 83 
 
 
 1814 
 
 Caleb Strong, . . 
 
 108 
 
 1832 
 
 
 Samuel Dexter, . . . 
 
 82 
 
 
 181J 
 
 Caleb Strong, . . . 
 
 100 
 
 1833 
 
 
 Samuel Dexter, . 
 
 73 
 
 
 1816 
 
 John Brooks, . . . 
 
 95 
 
 
 
 Samuel Dexter, . . 
 
 70 
 
 
 1817 
 
 John Brooks, 
 
 94 
 
 1834 
 
 
 Henry Dearborn, . . 
 
 43 
 
 
 1818 
 
 John Brooks, . . . 
 
 80 
 
 
 
 Benjamin Crowninshielc 
 
 ,42 
 
 
 1819 
 
 John Brooks, 
 
 80 
 
 1835 
 
 
 Benjamin Crowninshielc 
 
 ,54 
 
 
 1820 
 
 John Brooks, . . . 
 
 92 
 
 
 
 William Eustis, . . 
 
 32 
 
 1836 
 
 1821 
 
 John Brooks, 
 
 64 
 
 
 
 William Eustis, 
 
 33 
 
 1837 
 
 1822 
 
 John Brooks, . . 
 
 73 
 
 
 
 William Eustis, . 
 
 35 
 
 1838 
 
 1823 
 
 Harrison G. Otis, . 
 
 78 
 
 
 
 William Eustis, 
 
 53 
 
 1839 
 
 182-i 
 
 William Eustis, . . . 
 
 82 
 
 
 
 Samuel Lathrop, . 
 
 97 
 
 1840 
 
 1825 
 
 Levi Lincoln, . . . 
 
 80 
 
 
 
 Harrison G. Otis, . 
 
 22 
 
 1841 
 
 1820 
 
 Sanmel Hubbard, . . 
 
 94 
 
 
 
 Levi Lineoln, 
 
 43 
 
 1842 
 
 1827 
 
 Levi Lincoln, 
 
 03 
 
 
 
 Harrison G. Otis, . . 
 
 11 
 
 
 1828 
 
 Levi Lincoln, 
 
 32 
 
 1843 
 
 
 Marcus Morton, . . 
 
 29 
 
 
 
 Lewis Strong, . . . 
 
 27 
 
 
 1829 
 
 Marcus Morton, 
 
 54 
 
 1844 
 
 
 Lewis Strong, . . . 
 
 6 
 
 
 
 Harrison G. Otis, . . 
 
 7 
 
 
 Levi Lincoln, . . 
 IMarcus Morton, 
 Levi Lincoln, 
 Thomas Longley, 
 Isaac C. Bates, . 
 Heman Lincoln, 
 Henry Shaw, 
 Thomas Longley, 
 IMarcus ]\Iorton, 
 Levi Lincoln, 
 Levi Lincoln, 
 Marcus Morton, 
 Samuel Lathroj), 
 Levi Lincoln, 
 Marcus Morton, 
 John Davis, . 
 John Q. Adams, 
 Samuel C. Allen, 
 Marcus Morton, 
 John Davis, . 
 Samuel C. Allen, 
 Marcus Morton, 
 John Bailey, 
 Edward Everett, 
 Marcus Morton, 
 Samuel T. Armstrong 
 Edward Everett, 
 Marcus Morton, 
 Edward Everett, 
 Marcus Morton, 
 Edward Everett, 
 Marcus INIorton, 
 Edward Everett, 
 Marcus ]\Iorton, 
 John Davis, . 
 Marcus Morton, 
 John Davis, . 
 Marcus jMorton, 
 John Davis, . 
 IMarcus Morton, 
 Samuel E. Sewall, 
 George N. Briggs, 
 Marcus Morton, 
 Samuel E. Sewall, 
 George N. Briggs, 
 George Bancroft, 
 Samuel E. Sewall, 
 
 13 
 
 71 
 
 14 
 
 6 
 
 6 
 
 78 
 
 24 
 
 4 
 
 3 
 
 3 
 
 62 
 
 15 
 
 23 
 
 91 
 
 13 
 
 52 
 
 42 
 
 21 
 
 13 
 
 93 
 
 19 
 
 10 
 
 12 
 
 70 
 
 53 
 
 13 
 
 80 
 
 74 
 
 95 
 
 70 
 
 112 
 
 81 
 
 114 
 
 108 
 
 135 
 
 102 
 
 128 
 
 110 
 
 119 
 
 102 
 
 25 
 
 116 
 
 104 
 
 17 
 
 132 
 
 91 
 
 20 
 
294 
 
 1845 
 
 1846 
 
 1847 
 
 , 1848 
 
 1849 
 
 1850 
 
 1851 
 
 1852 
 
 1853 
 
 1854 
 
 1855 
 
 1856 
 
 George N. Briggs, 
 
 . 128 
 
 
 Isaac Davis, . . . 
 
 . 97 
 
 1857 
 
 Samuel E. Sewall, . 
 
 . 26 
 
 
 George N. Briggs, 
 
 . 128 
 
 
 Isaac Davis, . . • 
 
 . 84 
 
 1858 
 
 Samuel E. Sewall. . 
 
 . 25 
 
 
 George N. Briggs, 
 
 . 138 
 
 
 Caleb Cusbing, . 
 
 . 82 
 
 1859 
 
 Samuel E. Sewall, . 
 
 . 20 
 
 
 George N. Briggs, 
 
 . 135 
 
 • 
 
 Caleb Gushing, . . 
 
 . 77 
 
 18G0 
 
 Samuel C. Phillips, 
 
 . 32 
 
 
 George N. Briggs, 
 
 . 125 
 
 
 George S. Boutwell, 
 
 . 75 
 
 
 Samuel C. Phillips, 
 
 . 17 
 
 1861 
 
 George N. Briggs, 
 
 . 137 
 
 
 George S. Boutwell, 
 
 . 89 
 
 1862 
 
 Samuel C. Phillips, 
 
 . 21 
 
 
 Robert C. Winthrop, 
 
 . 152 
 
 1863 
 
 George S. Boutwell, 
 
 . 93 
 
 
 John G. Palfrey, . 
 
 . 19 
 
 1864 
 
 John H. Clifford, . 
 
 . 144 
 
 
 Henry W. Bishop, 
 
 . 102 
 
 1865 
 
 Horace INIann, . 
 
 . 13 
 
 
 Emory Washburn, . 
 
 . 140 
 
 1866 
 
 Henry W. Bishop, 
 
 . 117 
 
 
 Amasa Walker, . . 
 
 . 20 
 
 1867 
 
 Henry J. Gardner, 
 
 . 109 
 
 
 Emory Washburn, . 
 
 . 59 
 
 1868 
 
 Henry W. Bishop, . 
 
 . 34 
 
 
 Henry Wilson, . 
 
 . 1 
 
 1869 
 
 Henry J. Gardner, 
 
 . 80 
 
 
 Julius Rockwell, 
 
 . 61 
 
 1870 
 
 Erasmus D. Beach, 
 
 . 54 
 
 
 Samuel H. Walley, 
 
 . 2 
 
 1871 
 
 Henry J. Gardner, 
 
 . 103 
 
 
 Erasmus D. Beach, 
 
 . 70 
 
 
 George*^Vm. Gordon, 57 
 
 Nathaniel P. Banks, . 86 
 
 Erasmus D. Beach, . 62 
 
 Henry J. Gardner, . 48 
 
 Erasmus D. Beach, . 92 
 
 Nathaniel P. Banks, , 77 
 
 Amos A. Lawrence, . 16 
 
 Benjamin F. Butler, . 92 
 
 Nathaniel P. Banks, . 71 
 
 George N. Briggs, . 10 
 John A. Andrew, . .115 
 
 Erasmus D. Beach, . 26 
 
 Amos A. Lawrence, . 24 
 
 Benjamin F. Butler, . 17 
 
 John A. Andrew, . . 80 
 
 Isaac Davis, .... 64 
 
 John A. Andrew, . . 65 
 Charles Devens, . .119 
 
 John A. Andrew, . . 63 
 
 Henry W. Paine, . . 73 
 
 John A. Andrew, . . 135 
 
 Henry W. Paine, . . 83 
 
 Alexander H. Bullock, 83 
 
 D. N. Couch, ... 54 
 
 Alexander H. Bullock, 94 
 
 T. H. Sweetzer, . . 36 
 
 Alexander H. Bullock, 81 
 
 John Q. Adams, . . 91 
 
 William Claflin, . . 127 
 
 John Q. Adams, . . 51 
 
 William Claflin, . . 59 
 John Q. Adams, . .49 
 
 William Claflin, . . 75 
 
 John Q. Adams, . . 50 
 
 AVilliam B. Washburn, 85 
 
 John Q. Adams, . . 63 
 
CELEB II A T I O ^ 
 
 ONE II U N D E E I) T II A N N I V E K S A R Y 
 
 INCORPORATION OF THE TOWN. 
 
 At a meeting of the citizens of Whntely, liekl May 1, 1871, 
 called to consider what action, if any, should be taken to cele- 
 brate the centennial of the town, on motion of l\ev. J. W. 
 Lane, Capt. Seth liardwell was chosen chairman, and Levi 
 Ford, secretary. 
 
 After a free interchange of opinions, and counting the cost of 
 labor, and anxiety, and time, and money, and discussing the 
 time most appropriate for the observance, it was 
 
 Voted, As the unanimous sense of the meeting, that we 
 observe the town's centennial anniversary on the Fourth of July 
 next. 
 
 ^Voted, To choose a committee of twelve — two from each 
 school district — to solicit fimds, and make all necessary arrange- 
 ments for the celebration. 
 
 The committee consisted of the following persons : — 
 
 South West District. Capt. Scth liardwell, Edwin Bard- 
 well, Esq. 
 
 JSorth West JJistrict. David Scott, Iliram Bardvvell. 
 
 I^orth Centre District. Elon C. Sanderson, "NValter Crafts. 
 
 South Centre District. Francis G. Bardwcll, James JNI. 
 Crafts. 
 
 South Edst District. Deacon Elihu Belden, Charles F. 
 Pease. 
 
 JSfortli Edst District. Edward C. Sanderson, S. White 
 Allis. 
 
296 
 
 The committee of twelve met and organized, by appointing 
 Capt. Seth Bardwell, chairman, and Elon C. Sanderson, clerk. 
 
 Voted, To raise by subscription the sum of five hundred 
 dollars, to cover the necessary expenses of the celebration. 
 
 And the following sub-committees and officers were appointed : 
 
 Treasurer. Dennis Dickinson. 
 
 Cotnrtiitlee on Corresj^ondence. James M. Crafts. 
 
 Committee on Location. Edward C. Sanderson, Walter 
 Crafts, Francis G. Bardwell. 
 
 Cominittee on Music. Edwin Bardwell, Capt. Seth Bard- 
 well, Walter Crafts. 
 
 President of the Day. Dea. Elihu Belden. 
 
 Vice-Presidents. James M. Crafts, John Chapman Sander- 
 son, Edwin Bardwell. 
 
 Chief Marshal. Capt. Seth Bardwell. 
 
 Assistant Marshals. Henry Brown, Francis G. Bard- 
 well. 
 
 Toast Masters. Rev. J. W. Lane, William II. Fuller, 
 Esq. 
 
 The place selected for the gathering was a maple grove, three- 
 fourths of a mile northerly from the meeting-house, on the farm 
 of Seth B. Crafts, Esq., (the original Thomas Crafts place.) 
 
 As the time of the meeting approached, an unexpected and 
 gratifying interest was developed In the movement, and every 
 body in Whately found himself busy in furthering the prepara- 
 tions. The descendants of most of the families, that had for a 
 lon^-er or shorter period made the town their home, gladly 
 availed themselves of the chance to visit or re-visit the ancestral 
 acres; and were present from Illinois, Michigan, Ohio, New 
 York, New Jersey, Connecticut, New Hampshire, Vermont and 
 Canada. 
 
 The day proved to be auspicious. In early morning the peo- 
 ple began to gather, and by nine o'clock a vast crowd had 
 collected. Many were there for a mere holiday ; but the great 
 majority were evidently there to participate In the memorial 
 services of the occasion. 
 
297 
 
 Soon after ten o'clock, the procession was formed at the town 
 hall, and marched to the gro^'e- 
 
 ORDER OF TROCESSION. 
 
 Aid. Chief Marshal. Aid. 
 
 Escort of returned soldiers. 
 
 Ilaydeuville Band. 
 
 President of the day, aiul Ills Excellency, Gov. Claflia. 
 
 Secretary of State, &c. 
 
 Vice-Presidcuts. 
 
 Chaplain. 
 
 Orator and Poet. 
 
 Marshal. 
 
 Committee of Arrangements. 
 
 Representatives of the press. 
 
 Invited guests. 
 
 Pocumtuck Valley Memorial AssociatioQ. 
 
 Sheriff of the county. 
 
 Marshal. 
 
 Citizens of Whately. 
 
 Schools of AVhately, with teachers. 
 
 Hatfield Band. 
 
 Citizens of Hatfield. 
 
 Williamsburg Band. 
 
 Citizens of Williamsburg. 
 
 Citizens of other towns. 
 
 At the grove a platform had been built sufficiently large to 
 accommodate two himdred persons, and seats were arranged in a 
 semi-circle in front for about two thousand five hundred, all of 
 which were filled. The aged persons present were provided with 
 seats directly in front of the speakers. 
 
 As an appropriate opening, the entire audience, led by the band, 
 united in singing "America." After prayer by the Kcv. John 
 W. Lane, the president of the day delivered the following Address 
 cf^AVelcome. 
 
 Ladies and Gentlemen : 
 
 It has fallen upon me as a representative of the descendants of 
 one of the earliest settlers In this town, and in behalf of its citizens, 
 to extend to you to-day our kindly greetings : and I assure you 
 
298 
 
 that I but express the feelings of all our hearts, when I bid you 
 a cordial welcome ! We welcome you to the old homesteads, and 
 all that is left to remind you of by-gone years ! We welcome 
 you to our fire-sides, and all that is new ! We welcome you to 
 the festivities and associations of this our hundredth birth-day ! 
 
 Some feelings of sadness will mingle wuth our joys on an 
 occasion like this, as we look around, and miss familiar faces ; as 
 we recall the past — which returns not ; and recount the perils 
 and hardsliips of our ancestors, when these now pleasant fields 
 and meadows were almost a wilderness. And yet we come as 
 dutiful children, with our votive oflPerings of affectionate remem- 
 brance. And there is a special fitness — which I need not take 
 pains to set forth at length — that we their descendants should 
 gather ourselves together on this centennial anniversary of 
 the incorporation of the town, to testify our admiration of their 
 virtues, to review the scenes and deeds of their eventful lives, 
 and unite in commemoration services, which may transmit their 
 names to the generations yet to come, who will occupy the places 
 now allotted to us. 
 
 We can speak with pride and gratitude of those great-grand- 
 fathers and great-grand-mothers, those grand-fathers and grand- 
 mothers, those fathers and mothers, who toiled and struggled for 
 us ; who dared the onsets of savage warfare, and endured the 
 privations of frontier life, and made any required sacrifices, in 
 order to secure for us the inheritance we now enjoy. 
 
 We welcome with feelings of peculiar interest, those who were 
 once our citizens, or children of our citizens, who have come 
 from the more distant parts of our land, and from the Queen's 
 dominions, to keep jubilee with us to-day. We extend to you 
 tlie right hand of fellowship ; we receive you with a happy 
 greeting, and rejoice that your prosperity in your new homes 
 has not extinguished your interest in your old native town. 
 
 We welcome the citizens of Hatfield ; and are especially glad 
 that our mother town has not forgotten us, and we hope to prove 
 to you that we are proud of our relationship. 
 
 AVe welcome the citizens of Williamsburg, our sister town 
 — "twinned at a birth." 
 
 We welcome all who share with us common memories, and 
 kindred blood. 
 
290 
 
 IMay God grant that tlic impressions received here to-day, from 
 our rehearsals of the past, our common offerings upon the old 
 home altars, and our re-kindled hopes, may but strengthen the 
 cords that bind us together, and make us better friends and 
 neighbors and citizens. 
 
 But it is not well for me ("even if I could) to occupy more of 
 your time. "We have those present who are capable of holding 
 your silent attention at their will ; and whose words of wisdom 
 you are waiting to hear. 
 
 The Rev. J. II. Temple, of Framingham, who was pastor of 
 the First Congregational Church in Whately, some years ago, 
 was then introduced, and delivered an oration, fdled with histo- 
 rical facts, and pictures of the domestic life of the early settlers. 
 He paid a fitting tribute to certain aged men and women, whose 
 lives covered almost the century from the first settlement of the 
 territory, and whose memories had furnished him with much of 
 the material he was about to present. The address, which occu- 
 pied a little more than an hour and a half in delivery, was con- 
 densed from a work which ]\Ir. Temple has in preparation, giving 
 a complete history of the town. 
 
 After music by the band, a free collation, which had been fur- 
 nished by the citizens and prepared by the ladies, and was most 
 bountiful as well as most attractive and toothsome, was served to 
 the hungry multitude ; " and they did all eat and were filled." 
 
 The Rev. S. T. Seeley, D. D., of Easthampton, was called 
 upon for an oration. He excused himself, told some good stories 
 in a most effective way, and closed by urging upon his hearers a 
 single point of the oration which he had prepared, viz. The 
 redeeming influence of our rural ^population upon the country. 
 
 The Rev. R. P. Wells, of Southampton, a grandson of the 
 first settled minister of Whately, Avas introduced and recited the 
 following Poem. 
 
 OLDEN TIMES. 
 From vrandcrings near and far, to childhood's home, 
 Tlio close of a hundred years now bids us come ; 
 The children, old and yoimg, we heed the call 
 To greet the goodly mother of us all ; 
 Her summons now we cheerfully obey — 
 With joy we celebrate her natal day. 
 
300 
 
 No man that hath the stamp of real worth, 
 Can fail to love the spot that gave him birth : 
 No fairer landscapes spread out to his view. 
 No brighter suns the morning light renew, 
 No evening gales, no sunset's glow, no hills 
 In beauty rising, no meandering rills 
 Through verdant vales, no sea-girt, sunny isle. 
 No classic land, can e'er his love beguile. 
 True as the needle to the Polar Star, 
 His heart from o'er the sea, from lands afar, 
 Turns to the place of memory's delight — 
 Yea, often wanders there in dreams of night. 
 
 The forest here a hundred years to-day. 
 O'er hill, and vale, and slope, and plain held sway, 
 Save here and there a house and open field 
 Gave signs of wealth, that solitude concealed. 
 Among the lofty oaks the sweeping storm 
 Went forth to bow the head and bend the form. 
 That had the tempest's might for years withstood, 
 And reared itself the monarch of the wood. 
 The wolf, the wild-cat, panther and the bear, 
 Here roamed in quest of prey and made their lair. 
 And sped the nimble-footed deer its way 
 Where flocks in quiet feed, and lambs now play. 
 The Indian's trail the hunter's course did guide. 
 Where now the road is smooth and clear and wide ; 
 The unbridged stream and swale he crossed with ease, 
 And truthful guideboards were the blazed trees. 
 
 'Twas here a quiet home our fathers sought, 
 On soil their fathers had of red men bought 
 A century before ; and built they well 
 Log cabins, where sweet peace and plenty dwell. 
 AVhat joy to sit the broad fireplace around, 
 While glad contentment, health and cheer abound ! 
 Huge back logs, not rolled in by human strength, 
 But snaked through door by horse, perhaps, at length, 
 And then a royal pile of wood in blaze, 
 That was a cheerful fire in olden days. 
 The roomy, high old settle stood before ; 
 Great armed chair, cradle, stools, all filled the floor. 
 
301 
 
 The blaze revcalcil no vacant walls and. bare, 
 
 But savory, sago and fennel hanging there, 
 
 Dried beef and apples, peppers, and o'erhead, 
 
 IMilk pans and pumpkins on the poles outspread ; 
 
 Bright pewter plates and platters larger gleamed 
 
 From cupboard high — of silver plate they seemed, 
 
 And tankard, porringer of cunning skill, 
 
 And piggin, ladle, pails, more cunning still. 
 
 And wooden trenchers, clean and freshly scoured, 
 
 Of snowy white, adorned the daily board. 
 
 Tick, tick, the clock was heard tlie day all througli, 
 
 Tick, tick, it went, the night long, ever true ; 
 
 It sounded out the hours from roomy case, 
 
 And told the minutes on its ancient face, 
 
 And onward kept the house affairs a-nioving, 
 
 And taught the lesson well of time improving. 
 
 No youthful group around the evening fire, 
 
 With popping corn and cracking nuts could tire. 
 
 And wild the hearty laugh went round. What tales 
 
 Old men would tell of storms and midnight gales. 
 
 Of howling wolves and savage bears they caught, 
 
 Of marches and campaigns, of battles fought, — 
 
 The field they gained and glorious victories won, 
 
 'Mid fearful ravages, that war had done. 
 
 Well might ye wisli those days a glad return ; 
 
 For such health-giving fare ye well miglit yearn, — 
 
 Such hasty-pudding as ne'er feasts a king. 
 
 Such milk and butter poets never sing ; * 
 
 Bean porridge hot, and then bean porridge cold. 
 
 Fresh venison from the woods, lamb from the fold, 
 
 Fat beef and pork from powdering tub, so sweet ; — 
 
 No butcher's cart came with its rounds of meat ; — 
 
 Potatoes, cabbage, turnips from the bin, — 
 
 Such savory pot-luck will not be again. 
 
 The children's morning song was milk and bread, 
 
 And night by night with the same dish were fed. 
 
 Men were made strong for toil ; they plowed the field, 
 
 And. ax, or shovel, hoe, or rake could wield 
 
 With might. They'd swing the scythe without fatigue, 
 
 Or walk on foot for many a weary league. 
 
 Or thresh, break flax, scutch, swingle all the day. 
 
 And then be brisk a game of ball to play. 
 
 Such masters of the sicklo wero they, that the grain 
 
302 
 
 Almost would wave as they drew near the plahi. 
 
 How would thoy laugh at our improvements now, 
 
 To see a farmer ride a harrow or a plow ! 
 
 A mower, or a reaper, or a raker ride ! 
 
 They'd say 'twas shiftless, and lazy beside. 
 
 No slender fabric clad their sinewy frames, 
 
 But wool shorn from the flock ; flax from the plains ; 
 
 The spinning-wheel made music for the piano. 
 
 Their noisy loom was bass and sweet soprano. 
 
 To spin street yarn our mothers did not know, 
 
 But drew it well of wool, or flax, or tow ; 
 
 No ceremony marked the calls they made, 
 
 For quiltings, or wool pickings, or such aid ; 
 
 Cards de visite were by them to be sure. 
 
 But they were wool-cards in the days of yore. 
 
 In every house was seen, the matron's pride, 
 
 An antique case of drawers, capacious, wide, 
 
 Well packed with linen sheets and whiter spreads. 
 
 And coverlets to furnish many beds, 
 
 The handiwork of her who knew to spin. 
 
 Before the days of looms and cotton-gin. 
 
 No use for cloth, or napkin, table-spread, 
 
 The board was bare — all linen for the bed. 
 
 A good outfit, which her own hands had wrought. 
 
 Each maid to be betrothed, as dower brought, 
 
 And no one to be wedded then was skilled, 
 
 Till pillow-case of stockings she had filled. 
 
 Their fathers' God did these stern men revere, 
 At once began to rear his altars here ; 
 ^ In solemn league they joined them to the Lord, 
 To live according to his Holy Word. 
 They sought a pastor ; one just past his youth 
 They called to be their guide in ways of truth. 
 They built a house of such proportions great. 
 Through years they did for its completion wait. 
 The centre of the town, the highest land, 
 AVas judged the fittest place for it to stand. 
 Their roads like rules must run in straightest line, 
 Nor for a hill to right or left incline, — 
 The nearest way, the shortest, and the best. 
 They thought, whether it ran to cast or west. 
 To God's own house their wont was to repair, 
 
303 
 
 When skies were cold and dark, or mornings fair. 
 
 No carriages were then — not e'en a chaise 
 
 Could lighten the fatigues of those rougli ways ; 
 
 Horseback the fatlicr rode, the babe in arms, 
 
 On pillion sat the mother in all her charms. 
 
 Boys barefoot went, and girls with shoes in hand, 
 
 Till view of meeting-house they could command. 
 
 The aged sire, with staff and trembling limb, 
 
 Moved slow, rejoicing in God's care of him. 
 
 Then sounded on the air no Sabbath bell, 
 
 But steps were quickened by the blowing slicll. 
 
 In that old house, what scenes of joy and grief! 
 
 What burdens pressed the soul, what sweet relief ! 
 
 How oft his saddest tears the mourner wept 
 
 O'er precious ones that calm in death had slept ! 
 
 'Twas like the holy temple of the Jew, — 
 
 Turn there the thoughts with fondness ever new. 
 
 Was ever such exquisite skill displayed. 
 
 As pulpit graced and sounding-board arrayed ? 
 
 Such roomy pews, with high-backed seats around. 
 
 One seat more, as in omnibus, was found. 
 
 There mothers with great gravity and grace, 
 
 With cake and caraway and radiant face. 
 
 There fathers, patriarchal, grave and meek, 
 
 The narrow path to heaven intent to seek. 
 
 In gallery, singers, maidens fair, and men. 
 
 Made walls with lofty song resound again : 
 
 And sturdy boys, in long seats, slips, high pew, 
 
 Oft to their grief, the tithing-mau well knew. 
 
 Not fifty years ago, I well remember. 
 
 The frosty days of cold and drear November 
 
 Brought in quite an alarming innovation, 
 
 The thought of a poor, feeble generation. 
 
 The souls of stalwart men in song had soared, 
 
 'Mid winter's frost, in worship to the Lord. 
 
 Through the long prayer, singing, sermon, the whole, 
 
 No fire was felt but the warmth of the soul. 
 
 They thought devotion languid was, and poor, 
 
 That cold and storm and frost could not endure. 
 
 Indeed, the sifthig snow, the outside air 
 
 Through crack and crevice wide seemed best to bear 
 
 The spirit high, and make devotion rise 
 
 To hcaveulicr climes, to purer, loftier skies. 
 
304 
 
 But time brings actors new upon the stage, 
 
 And some new things and strange the thoughts engage. 
 
 The meeting-house needs a stove ; it was decreed ; 
 
 But not in this new plan were all agreed. 
 
 You've heard the tale ; a stove was duly set : 
 
 The Sabbath came ; the congregation met ; 
 
 Some smiling and some joyous, others sad ; 
 
 Some taciturn and grave, and others glad. 
 
 The air .was stifling ; sweat stood on the brow ; 
 
 Faces were fanned, the heat oppressive now. 
 
 The morning service closed, when lo, behold ! 
 
 No fire was kindled yet, the stove was cold. 
 
 This tale is told, you know, but 'twas not here — 
 
 It must have sprung from some wag's brain, that's clear. 
 
 To meeting go, dogs old and young rejoice ; 
 
 Sometimes behaved they well, sometimes their voice 
 
 Did jargon make ; one by a wight's mishap. 
 
 Fell from the gallery rail to a lady's lap. 
 
 You should have heard her shriek so loud and shrill ; 
 
 Why you can almost hear its echoes still ; 
 
 And one within a mati-on's pitcher small. 
 
 His head thrust, and for help did bravely call. 
 
 The geese around the house for apple cores. 
 
 Were teazed by boys whose eyes were out of doors. 
 
 Were all the tricks, the mischief, and the fun, 
 
 Abovp the heads of praying people done, 
 
 Disclosed, and wrought into a trutliful tale, 
 
 'Twere hard to say if good or ill prevail. 
 
 'Twould seem as if the essence of all fun, 
 
 Miscliief and drollery ever done. 
 
 Did effervesce, uncorked, unbottled there, 
 
 And waste, and rule the spirits of the air. 
 
 And yet the Word of God in that hard soil 
 
 Grew well ; its roots struck deep, God blessed the toil. 
 
 The Holy Spirit's influence like the rain, 
 
 Descends upon dead souls ; new life again 
 
 Is given : those young hearts by God's grace renewed, 
 
 New paths in life and duty have pursued. 
 
 In roughest state 'twas choice and priceless ore, 
 
 Which when refined by God's own mighty power, 
 
 And purged from all its dross in fire and flame, 
 
 Reflects the brightest glory of his name. 
 
 The service done, the amen scarcely said, 
 
305 
 
 Great hoys and small down stairs thoy swiftly sped, 
 And homeward fled with undevoutost pace, 
 O'erleaping fence and stone wall in the race. 
 In groups around the horso-block, just in front, 
 Were gathered maids and wives prepared to mount, 
 "With babes and blankets, saddle-bag and shawl, 
 Each tongue a-going, for Eve's daughters all 
 Have this one frailty. Thus each Sabbath day, 
 From church a cavalcade sped on its way. 
 
 On all occasions thus on horse they rode, 
 To shop and store tliey bore full many a load. 
 To mill a bag of grain, with boy astride, 
 Was often sent, and towards the lighter side 
 Was charged to lean ; but soon the caution missed, 
 At squirrel's hole, or nest, he dropped, his grist. 
 On horse they wooed ; and who would win the race. 
 Must spur his steed and start his laggard pace. 
 No dame of pluck and nerve can e'er be caught, 
 Whose hand and heart are not most eajjer soufrht. 
 Oft the reverse of what they mean they act. 
 They're coy when wishing they were caught, in fact. 
 Almost on horse did wed ; the groom and bride 
 On lively chargers riding side by side. 
 Or he on saddle, she on })illion arrayed. 
 The town its beauty and its chivalry displayed. 
 So bravely mounted, dashing in high glee, 
 'Twas an exhilarating sight to see : — 
 A bridal party of our day were tame 
 Without romance, and hardly worth the name. 
 On horseback and on foot they came to training. 
 Though strange it seems when nerve and strength arc waning. 
 Each youngster longed for the glad day to come. 
 And old hearts throbbed at sound of fife and drum. 
 IMen with gay plumes and uniforms would stand. 
 And wheel and march and halt at the command ; 
 They shoulder arms, charge bayonets, present. 
 And handle mu.sket, ramrod, lock or flint ; 
 Practice the mimicry of war all day, 
 And then at game of ball or wrestling play ; 
 The captain chosen, call upon to " treat," 
 As a return for honors just and meet, 
 
 00 
 
306 
 
 And hopeful children happy went to bed, 
 
 Eejoicing in the lustre on tliem shed. 
 
 A company on horse were wont in town, 
 
 On training days to gallop up and down ; 
 
 Swords gleamed in sunlight, and the bugles blowed, 
 
 Eed coats lured young eyes and brass buttons glowed. 
 
 There was brisk mounting and some speedier halts, 
 
 As o'er stone wall, rail fence, the trooper vaults ; 
 
 And though the country did no service need, 
 
 Such rapid drilling was pastime indeed. 
 
 A blazing flame of martial zeal it fanned 
 
 In young hearts ; wakened oft a boyish band 
 
 Of braves marching with drum and guns of wood, 
 
 Pride of their aunts, through all the neighborhood. 
 
 But woxild you know, of all, the great occasion, 
 You should attend an ancient ordination. 
 The people came in crowds from all around, 
 Long, moving cavalcades did shake the ground. 
 The learning, dignity, the wealth and power, 
 From far and near gave lustre to the hour. 
 With pride of royalty fashion was there, 
 With high-topped boots and cue and powdered hair, 
 AVith broad-brimmed, bell-crowned hat from London brought. 
 Or even a reverend wig that smothered thought* 
 
 In all their charms beauty and love shone forth, 
 
 Improved by grace and joined with real worth, 
 
 And gave the assembly radiance divine. 
 
 As when among celestials angels shine. 
 
 The candidate each question answered well, • 
 
 Did his experience to the elders tell, 
 
 The preacher spent two hours near, by the glass. 
 
 And to the laying on of hands did pass. 
 
 The service done, to dine the council went. 
 
 And then to wit and humor gave full vent ; 
 
 Good eating then, and — something else — beside 
 
 The feast enlivened, bounteously supplied. 
 
 The shepherd of this flock for fifty years, 
 Did lead them well, tlie erring sought witli tears ; 
 Brought speedy help to weary ones ; was kind 
 And gentle in reproof; his flock did bind 
 With cords of love, and when his work was done. 
 
307 
 
 ITis latter clays were calm as eveniiir^'s sun • 
 
 They closed in peace. His nauie in memory lives, 
 
 And will so long as worth its meed receives. 
 
 The burden from his hands his colleague bore, 
 
 And well the heavy yoke his shoulders wore. 
 
 l>ates (oiled, and earnest preached and fervent, prayed ; 
 
 The will and mind of people here he swayed, 
 
 And gave the truth a hold upon the heart, 
 
 That years of waste and change have failed to part. 
 
 The good and witty Ferguson came next, 
 
 Voluminous with words and ready text ; 
 
 With useful work well filled the appointed day, 
 
 And to the bliss above he passed away. 
 
 Next Temple our historic walls uprearin*, 
 
 In strokes of skill and art bis hand appearing. 
 
 Without design ; on top-stone in its place. 
 
 Are touches of his hand in lines of grace. 
 
 Still Seymour on these mortal shores remains, 
 
 New conquests to the Cross of Christ he gains. 
 
 With zeal for God the hearts of men inspires, 
 
 And in good words and ways he never tires. 
 
 And last, not least, the earnest, toilino- Lane 
 
 Deserves a worthy mention to obtain ; 
 
 His deeds will live when all his toils are past ; 
 
 For many long years yet, be he the last. 
 
 Some portions of this flock by others led. 
 By other pastors were they richly fed. 
 There have been Todd and Barker, Goodnough, Rico, 
 The scholar Judd, exact and clear and nice, 
 The gentle Lord, whose words and life agreed, 
 Fairchild and Eldridge, religious in deed. 
 And some true men were reared upon this soil, 
 AVho spent in other fields their day of toil. 
 Chapin, and Sanderson, and Beldcn, then. 
 And Chapman, Bardwell, Sanderson again. 
 Unto the pulpit their best strength was given, 
 Their crown and joy, not on earth, but in heaven. 
 A Stockbridge, Morton, Chapman, lawyers were, 
 And Clark ; each a more fruitful field prefer. 
 To medicine two Beldens gave their days. 
 And many sons have gone in other ways. 
 
308 
 
 And other men of mark in Whately dwelt ; 
 On virtue's side their strength was ever felt ; 
 There's Dickinson and Chapin, Ilarwood tlicn, 
 Physicians skilled, Bard well, Ilarwood again ; 
 We own them benefactors to the town, 
 To other years their names be handed down. 
 
 To expose to view our fathers' nakedness, 
 Were like the accursed Ham in wickedness. 
 The duteous sons may our best patterns be. 
 Refusing Noah's nakedness to see ; 
 Wo turn our eyes away, the face aside, 
 Their faults, their failings, errors we would hide. 
 
 As the old century hastens to its close, 
 Its faults, its foibles, leave in their repose. 
 Now a new century must be ushered in ; 
 A new career our town is to begin. 
 But who a hundred years from now shall be ? 
 The All-wise alone that far-off day can see. 
 
 We trust that our descendants will be wise, 
 Then on a world redeemed may lift their eyes; 
 They may act well their part to usher in 
 The promised hour of earth's release from sin. 
 The clouds now glow before the light ascending ; 
 Comes soon, of peace and joy, the day unending. 
 ye, who soon shall in our places stand. 
 Toil on for freedom, right and truth, with heart and hand. 
 
 At this point the names of the oldest surviving natives of the 
 town were announced, most of whom were present: Mrs. Asa 
 Dickinson, a^t. 88 ; Mrs. Jonathan AY ait, 87 ; Mrs. Catharine 
 Wait, 85 ; Mrs. Esther Dickinson, 81 ; (resident in Deerfield) ; 
 Mr. Eurotas Dickinson, 84 ; and his wife Sally (Allis) Dickin- 
 son, 83 ; (now resident in Bernardston). And the first regular 
 sentiment was read : — 
 
 1. The Memory of our Fathers and Mothers. 
 
 This was responded to by "deaconing out," and singing in the 
 style of olden times, to the tune of " Mear," the following Hymn. 
 
309 
 
 Let cliildreu hear the nii.irlity deeds, 
 
 Which God perforiu'd of oUl ; 
 AVhich in our younger years we saw, 
 
 And which our fathers told. 
 
 lie bids us make his glories known, 
 
 His works of power and grace ;' 
 And we'll convey his wonders dowu 
 
 Through ev'ry rising race. 
 
 Our lips shall tell them to our sous. 
 
 And they again to theirs ; 
 That generations, yet unborn. 
 
 May teach them to their heirs. 
 
 Thus shall they learn, in God alone 
 
 Their hope securely stand.-; ; 
 That they may ne'er forget his works. 
 
 But practice his commands. 
 
 2. Our Good Mother Hafjield — (represented to-day by a son of hers 
 yet a grandson of ours) — God bless her in the future as in the past. 
 As a child arriving at majority we honor her ; yet we mean never to 
 cut loose from her apron strings while she has sous to lend us, or we 
 daughters to give her. 
 
 Kesponded to by Dea. R. H. Bcldcn in a short speech full of 
 humor and sharp points : and by Thaddcus Graves, in some 
 appreciative remarks. 
 
 3. Hadley — The Grand-parent of Whately. 
 
 The sentiment was gracefully acknowledged by Hon. Joseph 
 Smith. 
 
 4. Our Twin Sister, Williamsburg — Bone of our bone, and flesh of our 
 flesh, she left the parental fold at the same time with ourselves ; and 
 though the hundred years since then, find her with a larger popula- 
 tion and greater wealth than we possess ; yet it is without envy that 
 we recognize her success, and with only a twin sister's pride that we 
 offer our congratulations, and bid her citizens welcome here to-day. 
 
 This was responded to in a most fraternal spirit by lion. S. M. 
 Crosby. 
 
 5. The Fifth Congressional District — May she be so fortunate as to 
 secure as able a Representative as she now has, when the voice of the 
 Commonwealth shall say unto him, " Friend, go up higher." 
 
 liesponded to by Hon. Wm. B. Washburn. 
 
310 
 
 6. Connecticut — The Mother of Iladley, the Grand-mother of Hat- 
 field, tlie Great-grand-mother of Whately. Her children and grand- 
 children welcome her representative. 
 
 Respondecl to by Mr. S. Hathaway, of Enfield, Ct., who 
 spoke as follows : 
 
 Mr. President, Ladies and Gentlemen : — 
 
 I stand before you as the humble representative of the farm- 
 ing community of the staid old State of Connecticut. But I am 
 sorry, for her credit, that she has not present some abler and 
 more worthy representative to thank you for her kindly remem- 
 brance here. Or rather that some of her sons, by direct descent 
 from those early settlers, who trod their trackless pathway through 
 the wilderness, and, with woodman's axe, felled the silent 
 monarchs of the wood, letting in the sun-light to kiss the glad 
 earth ; actuated by the same feelings that propelled our pilgrim 
 fathers over the dark sea, — that they might worship God accord- 
 ing to the dictates of their own consciences ; I am sorry, I say, 
 that some of those present here to-day, have not been called 
 upon to respond for her. But in the great crop of Humanity 
 we cannot all be " wrappers ! " There must be some " seconds " 
 and some " fillers ! " — and your President having already 
 stretched out his "wrappers" now calls for the "fillers," that 
 he may roll up a grand " feu de joie " to end in fire and smoke 
 at last. 
 
 Though I feel I have done nothing for the permanent prosper- 
 ity of the Valley, (as I neither chew nor smoke nor take snuff,) 
 yet I have had so much pleasant intercourse here, and see around 
 me so many familiar faces, that I feel altogether at home. And, 
 after the history of old Connecticut, to which we have listened, 
 I feel I have some sort of right to claim a residence here. But 
 I am not here as one of the original settlers. I am not here as 
 the Crafts ai-e here, and the Mortons are here, and the Bcldens 
 are here ! They have been here from the beginning, — grandsire, 
 sire and son, man and boy, these hundred years ; and may they 
 be for a hundred years to come, to perpetuate their honored 
 names, and transmit their inherited virtues. 
 
 It is honor enough for Old Connecticut now, as in the early 
 past, and in the later struggle, that she can stand as file-closer 
 
311 
 
 to glorious Old ^Massachusetts, — God bloss her I In that bri^lit 
 summer morning of June, on Bunker Ilill-, she \vas there, 
 shoulder to shoulder with Massachusette in the fight. "\Miether 
 Connecticut or Massachusetts was in command, no matter. AVc 
 know that Prescott was there ; Putnam was there, and Warren 
 was there I All fought bravely ! — one died gloriously I — and 
 the three wreathed their names in a crown of immortal glory 
 that should be worn on the nation's brow forever. 
 
 An hundred years ago ! The century's hail that rung out 
 from the sturdy band in this little opening in the wild forest, is 
 echoed to-day from million kindred hearts all over the land ; — 
 for their children have gone out to every trade and craft and pro- 
 fession of life. They have scattered o'er the broad-spread 
 prairie-plain ; beyond the mountains ; and over the seas. And 
 some have come back from their far off homes to join their 
 brethren here to-day, to celebrate the virtues, the trials and the 
 victories of their common sires, who first planted their flag of 
 steadfast faith on these grand old hills, and ])itehed their tents 
 on the banks of this beautiful river. 
 
 O, whaf>changes have come since their day ! A little colony 
 crown to a great nation ! What wonders of art and science 
 have been unfolded ! The steam engine, perfected at last, not 
 only to propel floating palaces on the wave, but to drag with the 
 thundering tread, and corresponding strength of a herd of wild 
 bulihloes, great anaconda-trains of merchandise, or of Pullman's 
 palace homes, crowded with beauty and fashion, frisking across 
 the continent from the hoary old Atlantic to the blushing young 
 Pacific. And last, though not least, the telegraph, — jSlorse- 
 grown, mid-air was hung, — the great electric highway, whereon 
 the lightnings run with busy feet, in fairy sandals shod, to whis- 
 per words of love to listening ears a thousand miles away ! 
 
 Or, 
 
 iu tlie (loop, (lurk caves of Ocean bare, 
 To hold sweet converse with the witching mermaids there. 
 
 What palaces of beauty and homes of comfort crown these hills, 
 and dot these valleys o'er, in contrast strong with the log-cabins 
 and the rough, rude homes of our grandsires. Let us hope our 
 virtues have at least kept pace with theirs, and that we are not 
 "dcLrcnerate sons of noble sires." 
 
312 
 
 If Massachusetts was the first to step out at the word " march," 
 in that hiter struggle, old Connecticut followed close behind ; 
 and kept fast lock-step igiih her through all those long years of 
 trials, — of disaster and defeat, — aye, and of crowning victories 
 too. 
 
 Through all that struggle, it is with feelings of pride and sat- 
 isfaction, that we remember how the efforts of your glorious 
 Andrew were so nobly seconded by our own generous Bucking- 
 ham. 
 
 In days a7ite belhim, we were wont to celebrate this anniver- 
 sary of Independence, and with flourish of rhetoric speak of 
 this great jTree country. But we spoke it with a mental reserva- 
 tion, knowing it was a glittering lie, as four million slaved souls 
 could testify. To-day we know that it is free ; for here are our 
 living witnesses, — these " boys in blue," — who wrote the cove- 
 nant on the bloody battle-field with flaming sword and flashing 
 bayonet, — signed it with their own blood, — sealed it with the 
 lives of their noble comrades fallen, — and the angels of God 
 recorded it in heaven, so that all the rebels of all the world can 
 not rub it out, that liberty and union are insepar^ly wedded 
 while time shall last and the world shall stand. Oh ! the sacri- 
 fices of private wealth that were laid upon the altar of our 
 country would build a golden monument as yon mountain high. 
 But weigh them all with those of personal devotion, and Oh, 
 how small ! Weighed in the light of " the widow and her mite," 
 — nay, rather the widow and her son, — compare them with those 
 of the poor, humble private, who with only the prayers and the 
 blessings of his widowed mother on his head, her kiss on his lips, 
 her Bible in his knapsack, went forth to stand beneath the starry 
 flag, — aye, and to fall ! giving, as his legacy, all ! — his soul to 
 God, his life to his country ! 
 
 Let us then, while we remember to honor the munificence 
 of dollars, remember, never to foi-get, that nobler, sublimer, 
 diviner munificence that could give its precious blood and 
 noble life that our country might be free. And those living 
 heroes, — hei'e, and everywhere, — who periled life, as free, as 
 ready to give, that their country might live, that liberty and 
 union might henceforth and forever be " one and inseparable." 
 
 Rear, then, your monuments of marble, of granite and of 
 
313 
 
 bronze I clii.-^el thereon names that shouhl never perish ! build 
 your memorial halls of solid blocks, chiselled from the quarries 
 of patriotic devotion, crowned with the cap-stone of dying 
 valor I float above it the flag of steadfast faith, starred with 
 undying hopes, to wave in the breezes of centuries to come, to 
 show the future what the past has done ! and come on every 
 holy memorial day to strew their graves with flowers, — whose 
 eyes of beauty weep tears of sweetest fragrance ; and whose 
 white petals, like uplifted hands in prayer, breathe a benediction 
 on the undying dead who slee[) below. And forever let it stand, 
 that monument, purer, nobler, and better than them all, — a 
 government purified and made wholly free, — a Union strong and 
 great, with power elate, while Time shall be I 
 
 7. Old WhafeJy tcelcomes all her children to-day^ whether they dwell 
 under the old Hug, or owe allegiance to our JMotlicr Country, England, 
 at home or in her colonies. 
 
 Kesponse by Champion Brown, Esq., of Montreal. 
 
 Mr. President : 
 
 The sentiment just announced is welcomed by me with peculiar 
 pleasure, as in the kind allusion to the land of my adoption, it 
 breathes a feeling which it has ever been my aim to cherish, that 
 of cultivating kindly relations with our mother country. The 
 chief difference between us is in the form of government, and in 
 education. 
 
 AVith our early training and national pride, it is natural to 
 Americans, as we are called in the Dominion of Canada, to take 
 occasions and to make occasions to impress upon our associates 
 the peculiar utility of Republicanism. The success of this effort 
 is marked in the general similarity adopted and adopting in the 
 various forms of civic life. As a people they have much in 
 common with us, and they often look aci'oss the border with a 
 mixture of envy and hope. They perceive many of the advan- 
 tages which accrue from our form of government, and their 
 traditional attachments are growing weaker. 
 
 To be sure, when the great Rebellion occurred, the tide turned 
 temporarily. The friends of monarchy grew bold, and confi- 
 dently predicted the speedy downful of the government planted 
 by our fathers and cherished by their children. And you may 
 
314 
 
 be sure that we watched with intense anxiety tlie shifting fortunes 
 of the war. We never despaired of the Repubhc : and we never 
 yielded a jot of our devotion to the old flag. We never forgot 
 that we were born in Massachusetts ; we had breathed the free 
 air of her hills ; we knew her resolution and her valor. We did 
 not forget that we were born in Whately — whose record in all 
 the wars of the past century, as your historian has so eloquently 
 told us, has been an honorable one. And when the papers 
 brought us a list of your volunteers, taking their first lessons in 
 military training from Capt. Bardwell, your worthy chief mar- 
 shall to-day, we took fresh courage. Our boyhood's remem- 
 brances of his energy in whatever he undertook was a guarantee 
 that those volunteers would be thoroughly drilled ; and my 
 knowledge of their fathers and mothers was a guarantee that they 
 would not be lacking in coui'age. 
 
 I say, when the papers brought us news of what our native 
 town was doing, we took fresh courage ; we began to believe in 
 the final suppression of the Rebellion ; we felt that we could 
 uphold a republican government, and claim for it the elements of 
 strength and perpetuity. 
 
 Our early lessons of patriotism teach us to yield hearty alle- 
 giance to an adopted country ; but we love the institutions of the 
 federal government ; and we earnestly wish the time may come, 
 when not only shall there be no North, no South, but when only 
 one form of Govei'nment, and that the one under which we were 
 born, shall be acknowledged on this continent. 
 
 I thank you again for your kindly greetings. The acts and 
 memorials of the citizens of Whately for the hundred years which 
 culminate this day in this worthy and most pleasant celebration, 
 are warmly cherished by her children every where. 
 
 8. The Bay State and the Wolverine — Divided by Territory, but 
 undivided by kindred and devotion. IMicliiifau pays homage to Mas- 
 sachusetts on this occasion, by the presence of one of her citizens, a 
 distinguished descendant of Wliately. 
 
 Responded to by United States Senator Ferry, of Michigan. 
 
 Mr. President and Citizens : 
 
 Were I to follow my own judgment, I should not at this late 
 hour further tax your good nature by any words of mine. My 
 
315 
 
 choice was quietly to sit and listen, rather than to speak and 
 intrude. Kespect however for my State, which you have been 
 pleased to compliment and associate with your own ; and re^^ard 
 for the memory of a beloved mother, born in AVhatelv, lead me 
 to yield to the stronger pressure of my feelings and devotion, 
 ^vlli(•h like your own, make this spot sacredly cherished in the 
 hearts of grateful descendants. Had I the power to draw from 
 the quiver of Heaven, there should be sunnnoned before you re- 
 animated natures whose origin you claim but whose lives and 
 experience westward, would furnish far more perfect and graphic 
 portrayal than anything I possibly can offer. 
 
 Bear with me, however, and I promise not to weary your 
 patience, already tried for five long hours. In the sentiment you 
 have tendered INIichigan you have well said that though divided- 
 by territory, she is undivided in interest and devotion with ^las- 
 sachusetts. How is this better illustrated than bv recallinj; the 
 fact that when you sent your pioneers — my immediate ancestry — 
 it took them two months to traverse the region that separates the 
 two States, and to-day, within one generation, mutual interests 
 have bridged that distance by the hand of art, that it may be 
 traveled in less than two days. Her devotion is as clearly 
 demonstrated in her attachment to those principles which lie at 
 the foundation of New-England character and prosperity, like 
 the rocks and hills of your commonwealth. We accept the blood 
 and virtues of ^Massachusetts as a reliable and laudable base for 
 western superstructure. 
 
 To the earlier habits and education of the East, we profitably 
 add the experimental utility of the AVest, and it is no disrespect to 
 you, or assumption on my part, to say, that a combination of the 
 two meets the demand of a higher civilization. What is that 
 civilization? It is the highest type of individual and associated 
 power. Not the power that finds its measure in profit, but 
 whose vital element is progress. True civilization is therefore 
 healthful progress. Some one has classified this into self-preser- 
 vation, parent-hood, citizenship, and the miscellaneous refine- 
 ments of life. 
 
 In the late struggle for national preservation, iNIichigan stood 
 nobly beside Massachusetts in loyalty and sacrifice. AVe do not 
 forget, but applaud your gallant sons, who were the first to reach 
 
316 
 
 the enemy and shed blood to put down rebellion. Falling, as 
 they did, in the streets of Baltimore, the name of your faithful 
 Governor Andrew is revered for his promptness, and especially 
 his care for the noble dead, so touchingiy illustrated by his 
 dispatch to " Handle them tenderly and send them carefully 
 home." Michigan was not far behind, though far distant from 
 the imperiled capital. She followed jSIassachusetts into Wash- 
 ington, and sent over 90,000 men to the field, being twelve per 
 cent of her population, and in this respect outnumbered your 
 own quota, for your State sent but eleven per cent of hers. In 
 parent-hood the population of Michigan will soon outnumber 
 yours. If I mistake not, she has reached within 275,000 of that 
 of Massachusetts. 
 
 In citizenship she is rapidly utilizing all of her varied resources, 
 and vying with many of the sisterhood in prosperity and jjower. 
 Under her oaks was started that organization which, eventuating 
 in national authority, has saved the Government from dissolu- 
 tion and the nation from destruction, by crushing treason and 
 making freedom and political equality as free as the air and as 
 broad as the land. In the arts and refinements she loiters not 
 in the federal race. Her products seek every market ; her com- 
 mercial energy stretches beyond land and sea. I may notice a 
 circumstance in this connection corroborative of what is implied, 
 that passing through Springfield on my way hither, I saw cars, 
 laden with Western products, marked " Grand Haven and Bos- 
 ton." Especially apropos and gratifying to me as a descendant 
 of Whately is it, to remind you that Grand Haven was settled 
 by your own citizens less than forty years ago, who were then 
 compelled to cut a road through forty miles of forest to find food 
 to sustain life, but are now contributing food for Bostonians, at 
 the "hub" 0^ the national wheel. In education, from a school 
 of five scholars in an upper chamber, taught by one of your own 
 teachers, has sprung a permanent and elegant structure at a 
 cost of $45,000. 
 
 This, in a small city of Michigan, is but an humble illustra- 
 tion of the State. With her system of free schools, Union school 
 buildings of beautiful architecture and of the higher grades of 
 instruction, are scattered all over the State, while her Seminaries 
 and University rank with the best of the land. 
 
317 
 
 I have indulged thus much in response to your tribute to my 
 native State, and she is but a counterpart of the great AVest. In 
 fact, tlie West has now passed beyond the boundaries of the 
 great hakes. Chicago, the city of wonderful growth, which I 
 remember with less than 10,000 inluibitants, now has a popula- 
 tion of over 300,000, with tunnels under lake and river, and 
 structures of architectural beauty which point to an advanced 
 state of refinement and fertility of de-ign. Con.-^ider still AVest- 
 ward. San Francisco, the charming city of the I'acific, un- 
 known twenty years ago ; and the Union and Central Pacific 
 Kailroad — that marvellous project of the past decade — together 
 with the Northern and Southern Pacific roads, now in progress, 
 binding the whole continent into a federal Empire and pouring 
 its products and treasures into the lap of the lilast, and you have 
 a faint conception of what was, what is, and what will be, of a 
 Union, once of thirteen States already gi'own into a vast conti- 
 nental licpublic of thirty-seven. I see before me its banner, 
 swavin": with the breeze betwixt those maple bou<rhs, reflectinsr 
 the history sketched, in its stripes of struggle and stars of might. 
 The trees from which it hangs are not as vigorous or more per- 
 petual than the power it symbolizes, nor is the air with which it 
 plays more free or equal than the liberty and equality wliich it 
 guards and enforces. 
 
 It is the beacon to all the world, with " welcome " to our 
 shores, expressed upon it as legibly as it is traced on yonder arch 
 in evergreens, by the fingers of some of these fair ones, inviting 
 all to their hospitalities. That pendant, symbolic bunting — the 
 emblem of our nationality — is but the ti/pe of national strength 
 and equality. It enforces just what the nation wills. Blind 
 confidence in, and supi)le devotion to its folds, will not perpet- 
 uate the power and freedom it now heralds. \'igilauce, as of 
 yore, can alone be the price of liberty. To the institutions of 
 New England ; her moral aims ; her virtues ; her religious tone, 
 and unswerving loyalty, does the nation look for the guaranty 
 of national liberty, equality and perpetuity. The true civiliza- 
 tion that becomes the body of the people, bent upon upholding 
 these rights and this nationality, must be based upon a general 
 as well as progressive education of the masses, brought to the 
 safest test for a proper enlightenment of the understanding and 
 
318 
 
 the heart, and tliat is, that the worth of educational and pohtical 
 information is in proportion to its bearing upon some of the 
 activities of life. Just as surely as the granite underlies this 
 State, do we assuredly trust you for fidelity to all that ennobles 
 us as a nation. 
 
 All of that frugality, economy, industry, ingenuity and moral- 
 ity which combine to bless you with prosperity, we prize if we 
 do not strictly imitate. It is at least the germ of our ideal, and 
 beckons us on to higher aims. Broad and vast as our land, 
 resources, and institutions are, we comprehend the fact that the 
 field of education outruns States, so that with all that is so lau- 
 dable in New England character and attainments, we do not 
 overrate the necessity for the utilization of these characteristics. 
 In other words, the abstract and metaphysical of the East finds 
 its complement in the practical of the AVest. 
 
 The West has its beau ideal as well as the East. In the com- 
 bination of both will be the real stature of national progress, 
 civilization and power. Earlier years are better spent in this 
 atmosphere, and you hold the advantage of first impressions, 
 which I know you do not undervalue. The maturity of life can 
 find a more fruitful field westward. Scope and versatility invite 
 all these. Tutored and tethered boyhood here, develops into 
 vigorous, independent manhood there. The two harmonize, 
 enlighten and civilize. We can work and live apart, but nobly 
 act together. With one origin, one aim, one destiny, we build 
 to fall no more. Let unity cement our national strength, and 
 Massachusetts will read in the growth of other States, the force 
 of her example and the fruition of her inspiration. 
 
 9. 7'he Religion of our Fathers — The guide of their eartlily lives 
 and ground of their immortal hopes ; the foiiudatioQ of our free 
 iustitutioas, the cause of our enlightened civilization, inspiring our 
 progress, ensuring our stability ; may their descendants affectionately 
 and reverently regard and maintain this precious inheritance and 
 transmit it to coming generations in its purity and power. 
 
 Responded to by Rev. S. H. Lee, of Greenfield, who spoke 
 substantially as follows : 
 
 Mr. President and Citizens of Whately : 
 
 It is only as taking the place of one of your former pastors, 
 who was expected to respond to this sentiment, that I consent to 
 
310 
 
 stand here on tliis occasion, which l)clongs properly to tlie natives 
 and residents of Wliately. 
 
 Hie reli(/ion of our leathers ! — What a theme is tliis ! What 
 a noble f\act it was and is! The KeHgion of our Fathers ! Wc 
 have had suggested to-day, in the historical address and in sub- 
 sequent remarks, many affecting incidents, many important events, 
 and many principles of inestimable value. But wc touch bottom 
 here, and here only. All through we have felt the deep religious 
 spirit of our ancestors. The sentiment just read truly declares 
 that their religion was the guide of their lives. Whatever else 
 our fathers were, or were not, they were godly men. They 
 lived under the power of their religion. They gave up life to it 
 and sacrified life for it. "The ground of their immortal hopes," 
 says the sentiment. Our fiithers did not live for this world. 
 Beyond any class of men, at least of modern times, they were 
 filled with the sense of eternal things, and rejoiced in hope of a 
 glorious immortality through our Lord Jesus Christ. It was 
 beneath the sway of these high thoughts that they settled this wil- 
 derness and founded here our free institutions. It was under a reli- 
 gious impulse that they came to these shores, that they might 
 belong to, constitute, and establish a church according to the 
 New Testament. In the exigencies in wdiich they found them- 
 selves here, they founded civil government on that model, which 
 they learned from the Scriptures belonged to the church. Our 
 democratic government was an inference from that ecclesiastical 
 polity — the Congregational — which our Fathers had drawn out 
 of the teachings of Christ and His Apostles. Tlius was their 
 religion the shaping power of our free institutions. 
 
 It was interesting to note, this morning, how the minute local 
 history to which oiu* attention is turned, was but the exhibition 
 of the same spirit and ideas. The historian told us, in his very 
 excellent discourse, that Hadley was settled by men wiio migrated 
 from Connecticut, because the ministers and churches there were 
 departing from the original Congregational, New Testament 
 church polity. It was a movement like that of the Pilgrims of 
 1620, on account of religious principle. 
 
 You heard, too, that the original settlers on this side of the 
 river organized a church and instituted the ordinances, that they 
 might have a [)lacc of worship accessible at all seasons of tiie 
 
320 
 
 year ; that a township being deemed necessary to the main- 
 tenance of a church, the town of Hatfield came into existence. 
 The church was before the state, as on the Mayflower. It was 
 said too, that WilHanisburg, the twin sister of Whately, was set 
 oflf for the same reason. A religious motive thus caused these 
 towns to exist. 
 
 The sentiment read declares this religion the cause of our 
 enlightened civilization. Our fathers believed in education. 
 But their reason for doing so was a religious one. They founded 
 Harvard College and Yale, but they had little thought of civiliz- 
 ing the world through liberal culture. They established these 
 institutions in order to train a Christian ministry who should ably 
 expound God's word. The address this morning showed that 
 our common school system arose from a similar desire. The 
 welfare of the church required that children should be taught to 
 read the Bible. It was not that they might succeed in life that 
 children were taught to read, but that they might learn from 
 God's word the way to life eternal. Hence, people became asso- 
 ciated together in the education of their children, and in due time 
 the common school system was devised. So true is it that the 
 relioion of our Fathers was the cause of our enlightened civiliza- 
 tion. 
 
 But what was the religion that had such power in those days ? 
 
 First, our fathers recognized profoundly and absolutely the will 
 of God as the supreme law in all things. They obeyed God's 
 will, whatever it cost. Their humble regard for him and his 
 laws lies at the foundation of all the sternness, strength and gran- 
 deur of the Puritan character. This original spirit of New 
 England is our noblest inheritance from the past. It is the 
 source of the vigorous moral sense which prevails in this part of 
 the land. It accounts for the exceeding scrupulousness in the 
 minute affairs of life which so characterizes us as a people, which 
 is often jeered at, yet is noble and Christian. It is the spring of 
 the uncompromising spirit which will show no favor to evil. * * * 
 
 A Second prominent feature of their religious life was their 
 reverence for the Bible. They revered it because they implicitly 
 received it as the revelation of the will of God. It was to them, 
 driven forth from their native land, with few of the pleasures of 
 this life, their guide and consolation for time and eternity. Here 
 
321 
 
 they found God's thoughts, here his purposes, here his salvation. 
 Accordingly, just in proportion to their regard for God they loved 
 the Bible. Hence we have it in our life so intimately connected 
 Avith our institutions, not only reverenced in the home, but in the 
 schools, courts and legi.shitiNe hulls. 
 
 A third fact of their religious life was a profound reverence for 
 the Sabbath, as the day of the Lord. AYhatever we may think 
 of some of tiieir methods of its observance, we cannot but approve 
 of kec[)ing it sacred, and of their motive for doing so. It grew 
 like everything else out of their reverence for the will of God. In 
 order that men might learn that will, in order that they might 
 become through preaching, acquainted with those truths which 
 vitally concern their welfare here and hereafter, they most heartily 
 kept the Sabbath holy. One day in seven they kept clear of all 
 worldly pursuits and thoughts, that then they might jirepare 
 better to live in the world or leave it. Standing at their point of 
 view, feeling the commanding importance of the will of God, 
 piercing by faith the veil which hides eternity, all men can readily 
 see the practical power which one sacred day in the week would 
 have, a powder of which we to-day are witnesses. 
 
 If we shall with them hold to these three points in life, we 
 shall fulfill the service expressed in the sentiment you have heard, 
 and transmit the precious inheritance of a true religion to 
 coming generations in its purity and power. 
 
 And whatever may be our impressions of this religion in the 
 abstract, it always commands our admiration in the individual life. 
 In days when it is somewhat the fashion to speak depreciatingly 
 of the Puritan character, it is nevertheless delightful to meet it. 
 There was an incident in our war down on the Peninsula, the 
 hero of which nobly exhibited that strength and tenderness which 
 Macaulay finds in the Puritan. lie was the son of a missionary. 
 He was fitting for college at Andover, in view of a missionary 
 life, when he thought it his duty to go to the war. He was 
 wounded, and died shortly after in the hospital. When liis time 
 drew near, he gave aw\ay his effects, some of his money to the 
 Christian Commission, and the rest to the American Board, in 
 whose service he had expected to spend his life ; sent words of 
 love to his brother, and the noblest message possible to his com- 
 rades in arms. " Tell them," he said, " Tell them to stand by the 
 
322 
 
 dear old Flag, and cling to the Cross of Christ." There is patri-- 
 otism and piety blended. There is boldness and humility. It 
 was Puritan throughout. As he thought of his country and her 
 enemies, he was a man that could dare and do, " /Stand by the 
 dear old Flag." As he thought of himself before God, as a 
 needy sinner, he was prostrate and dependent on the divine mercy. 
 ^' CI hig to the Cross of Christ." This in all generations is the 
 religion of our fathers ; certainly it must command our respect 
 and obedience ; certainly we must hand it down in its surpassing 
 excellence to them who come after us. 
 
 10. The Armies of the two Revolutions — Animated by the same 
 devoted patriotism, they deraonstnited the strength of a citizeu sol- 
 diery — potent to build up and poteut to save a nation. 
 
 11. DeerJieJd and WhateJy — Intimately associated in the perils of 
 early times, it is fit that the Focumtuck Valley Memorial Association 
 should assist us to celebrate our first Centennial celebration. 
 
 Responded to by Rev. J. F. Moors, of Greenfield. 
 
 12. Agricidtare — That ancient and useful art whose biography 
 discloses a thousand pleasant points of contact with that perennial 
 stream of human action and interest, whose current as it rolls, is 
 History, and whose eddying ripples and sunny reflections of the sky 
 are Literature. 
 
 The sentiment was intended for Leander Wetherell, editor of 
 the Boston Cultivator, but he had been obliged to leave the 
 assembly to take the southern train before the sentiment was 
 read, much to the regret of those who had the matter in charge. 
 
 13. The Press — We recognize as one of the elements of our local 
 and national prosperity the thoughtful, considerate and enterprising 
 newspaper press. Its issues come to our workshops and our house- 
 holds in yearly increasing numbers, and we hail their visits as of one 
 who coineth with glad tidings from a distant land. May it rise with 
 the rising and swelling tide of the country's material and intellectual 
 prosperity, and continue to be a source of pleasure, profit and power 
 to all our people. 
 
 Address of Mr. H. S. Gere, of the Hampshire Gazette. 
 
 You do well, Mr. President, in recognizing as one of the 
 elements of your local prosperity, the influence of the news- 
 paper press. Its issues have come among you from the first 
 
323 
 
 organization of your town, and have been read in every liouse- 
 hold within your limits. The absence of the old post-rider, with 
 his bell or horn, and the old stage-coach, with its clarion-voiced 
 bugle and four-in-hand, are not less suggestive of the progress 
 of the times, than your present comfortable residences and houses 
 of worship, when compared with the homes and churches of fifty 
 years ago. 
 
 Your newspaper is really one of the family. It gives you 
 advice, and receives yours. It brings you the news of the day, 
 both at home and abroad. It gathers up the domestic news of 
 the town, and comes in, like a kind neighbor, to entertain you 
 with choicest and freshest items. It gives you story, sentiment, 
 fact, and sound sense ; tells you what your neighbor is doing, and 
 apprises him of what you are doing ; and it is no wonder that 
 both he and you become attached to the good old family journal, 
 hang it up on the wall as an heir-loom, and manifest your appre- 
 ciation of it by giving practical effect to its political teachings 
 on election day. 
 
 Precisely how much benefit you have derived from the differ- 
 ent journals you have supported, cannot of course be determined, 
 but an approximate idea may be obtained by attempting to 
 ascertain what your present position would have been without 
 their visits throughout the long years which now go to make up 
 the great and eventful century which has gone with the advent of 
 to-day. 
 
 This is no time for light or trivial words. This large gather- 
 ing of people is for no ordinary purpose. A hundred yeai's to 
 your town have gone. A hundred years ! And such years ! 
 So full of great events, so full of memorable deeds, so full of 
 the progress of great and noble principles. There has risen here 
 within these years a great nation, — great in numbers, great in 
 deeds, and greater still in the ideas which are embodied in its 
 form of government. And in this wonderful achievement, some 
 of this goodly town have acted an humble, but not insignificant 
 part. We call it humble, but it is oftentimes great. There 
 goes out from these hill-side homes an influence that is mightier 
 and more far-reaching than we are apt to think. I have often 
 thought how much we owe to these rocks, and these hills, and 
 this shallow soil. You know how flint, and emery, and grit, 
 
324 
 
 produce fire. You know how wealth corrupts the mind and 
 debauches the body ; how it relaxes energy and dries up the foun- 
 tains of the heart. Do you think that if your town were all a 
 prairie, and the soil two feet in depth, and crops sprang up, and 
 bountiful harvests greeted the farmer with little toil, you would 
 be gathered here to-day to celebrate the great prosperity you now 
 enjoy? It is these hills, and these rocks, and the incentives to 
 exertion which are inseparable from New England life, that have 
 given, and are now giving, to the country its choicest men. Look 
 where you will, — here, or elsewhere, — you will find that the 
 men who wield power, Avho command influence, who move the 
 community and the State, were of humble origin, and not 
 unlikely their homes were on hill-sides like these. 
 
 O, sir, I love these New England hills, and these rocks, and 
 these valleys, and these trees. They speak to me of years that 
 are gone, — of youthful years, full of glowing anticipations ; of 
 families that once flourished, but now are scattered and far away ; 
 of acts that once seemed unimportant, but which since have 
 grown and ripened into great results. Here in these rural com- 
 munities is the nursery of the nation. Plere the seeds of char- 
 acter are sown, — here the foundations are laid. Men may go to 
 the far west, in search of wealth or fame, or to California to dig 
 gold, if they choose ; but for me, give me our good old New 
 England, — the New England of the past, the New England of 
 the present. New England ! with its hills and its mountains, 
 its rocks and its sterile soil and its hardy climate. New Eng- 
 land ! with all its virtues, and all its faults, and all its much 
 abused "isms." Go on, fathers and mothers of Whately ; con- 
 tinue to inculcate those principles of thrift, of economy, of vir- 
 tue and humanity, which have made your ancestors what they 
 were, and yourselves what you are, and you will leave a record 
 which your descendants will be proud of, and will be glad to 
 meet here to celebrate a hundred years hence. 
 
 Thus hour after hour was spent in listening to pleasant 
 speeches, interspersed with appropriate music by the bands. It 
 is matter of regret that the addresses of the other speakers have 
 not been furnished for publication . 
 
325 
 
 As the clescentliniT sun began to throw the shadows of Spruce 
 Hill athwart the valley, the following Hymn was sung to the 
 tune of " Old Hundred," the audience standing, and rendering 
 
 the grand old air with the r.-rcatest feeling and eiFect. 
 
 CLOSING II Y J»I N . 
 
 BY MRS. A. H. HALL. 
 
 But made His own people to go forth like elieep, and guided tliem in tbe wilderness like a 
 flock.— Ps. 78 : 52. 
 
 So we, Thy people, and sheep of Thy pasture, will give Thee thanks forever; we will show 
 forth Thy praise to all geni>r:itions. — Pa. 79 : 13. 
 
 Great Shepherd of the living fold 
 
 AVliich, scattered o'er a thousand hills, 
 Or safe in heavenly pastures, hold 
 
 The memories that this hour distills. 
 
 We lift our grateful song to Thee 
 
 For blessings rich, that clustering far, 
 Now crown the closing century, 
 
 And bring our wandering children near. 
 
 Earth-wide the range of pilgrim-feet. 
 
 Since first they trod these native vales ; 
 Dear shadowy forms their coming greet, 
 
 Whose love like evening dew, exhales. 
 
 Love, that o'er all these acres fair. 
 
 The fragrance of a home hath shed ; 
 And hovers still, in praise and prayer. 
 
 On every waiting, reverent head. 
 
 We come to plead the covenant grace 
 
 That binds all hearts at Thy behest : 
 Our children's children tlius embrace — 
 
 One fold ! one Shepherd ! and one rest ! 
 
 Then, while we watch the outer courts, 
 
 Spirit of Love, Spirit Divine, 
 Spread Thy broad wing of tenderness. 
 
 Brightly above each inner shrine. 
 
 Heed Thou the prayers from fervent lips, 
 
 Some sealed iu death — some quivering still — 
 
 Guard Thou these hearth stones. With Tliy l)reath, 
 Breathe through them all with quickening thrill. 
 
326 
 
 Brood o'er the place with jealous love 
 
 While future years to ceuturies roll — 
 With thy sweet tones, Thou Heavenly Dove, 
 
 Gather them in, — Enfold them all. 
 
 The benediction was pronounced by Rev. George 11. Ferguson, 
 and the great assembly slowly dispersed, with the universal feel- 
 ipg that the day had been well spent, and that the best anticipa- 
 tions had been fully realized. 
 
INDEX 
 
 Aborcromby. Robert, 195 
 Afldition, Three miles, 47 
 Adkins Genealogy, 195 
 Adkins, Solomon, Jr., 
 
 172, lOo 
 Alden, Barnabas G., 19G 
 Alexander, Joseph, 196 
 Alexander, Levi, 196 
 Alltn, Thomas, 196 
 A His, Aaron, 198 
 Allis, Daniel, 19.S 
 AUis, Capt. Elisha, 68, 
 
 197 
 Allis Genealogy, 196 
 Allis. Col. Josiah. 130, 
 
 143, 160, 171, 17o, 176, 
 
 190, 191, 192, 193 
 Allis, Capt. Lucius, 61, 
 
 66, 86, 148, 176, 185, 
 
 196 
 Allis. Russell, 147, 148, 
 
 198 
 Allis, "William, 15, 19, 
 
 28, 42 
 Allis, William, Jr., 30 
 Apples, 75 
 Ashcraft. John, 198 
 Assessors, 192 
 Athcrton, Rev. Uope, 19, 
 
 30 
 
 Racon, Benjamin, 198 
 Baker, William, 199 
 Baker, Edward, 199 
 Bannistt r, John F., 199 
 baptist Society, 107, 110, 
 
 118 
 Bardwell, Chester, M.D., 
 
 193, 203 
 Bardwell, Lt. Ebenezer, 
 
 57, 60, 61, 86, 99, 137, 
 
 141, 199 
 Bardwell Genealogy, 199 
 Bardwell. Lt. Noah, 87, 
 
 104. 107, 131. 141, 146, 
 
 147, 170, 182. 186, 200 
 Bardwell, Lt. Perez, 91, 
 
 129, 136, 142, 157, 199 
 Bardwell, Remembrance, 
 
 89, 200 
 
 Bardwell, Robert, 38, 57 
 Bardwell. Capt. Seth, 
 
 170, 201 
 Bardwell, Rev. William, 
 
 117 
 Bardwell, William F., 
 
 179, 203 
 Barker, Rev. Stephen, 119 
 Barley, 38, 73 
 Barnard Genealogy, 203 
 Barron, J., 204 
 I'.artlett, family of, 204 
 Bashan, 43 
 Bates, Rev. L. P., 112, 
 
 114, 193, 204 
 Beals, Caleb, 142, 147, 
 
 148, 205 
 Bears. 54, 61 
 Beckwith, Ezekiel and 
 
 Philo. 205 
 Beer, 76. 180 
 Beef, forwar, 145.151,160 
 Bel den, Rev, Pomeroy, 
 
 117 
 Beldin, Joshua, 61, 87, 
 
 99. 141, 147, 148, 176, 
 
 181, 205 
 Belding, Daniel, 50, 176 
 Belding. Elisha, 99, 208 
 Belding Genealogy, 205 
 Belding, Joab. 144 
 Belding, Joseph, 60, 109, 
 
 209 
 Belding, Paul, 70, 87, 
 
 137, 141. 146, 172 
 Belding, Reuben, will of, 
 
 129 
 Belding, Samuel, 15, 19, 
 
 33 
 Bennett, Daniel W. and 
 
 George W,, 210 
 Bigelow, James, 210 
 Bills of credit, 150 
 Bills, Rev. George, 119 
 Bird, Enoch, 210 
 Blacksmiths, 172 
 Blankets, for war, 145, 
 
 161 
 Boating on Connecticut 
 
 river, 182, 288 
 
 Boating, History of, 288 
 
 Bolts, 75 
 
 Bounties, soldiers', 151, 
 
 152, 162 
 Bowker, Henry, 210 
 Bradstreet's grant, 55 
 Brai,'g, Abial, 62, 210 
 Bragg, Joab. 141 
 ISrick-making, 173 
 Bridgeman, 210 
 Brooks, John. 210 
 Broom- corn and brooms, 
 
 177 
 Broughton. Wait, 211 
 Brown. Edward, 61, 62, 
 
 87, 107. 139. 141, 144, 
 147, 170. 211 
 
 Brown, (ieorge, 212 
 Brown, Joseph, 212 
 l^rown, Josiah, 142, 146, 
 
 211 
 Brown, John, 141, 147, 
 
 151. 211 
 Brown, William, 148,211 
 Bunker Hill battle, !nen 
 
 from Whately. 143 
 Burroughs. Stephen, 212 
 Bush, Levi, Jr.. 192. 213 
 Bvram, Joseph, 62, 137, 
 
 "213 
 
 Callahan, David and 
 Thomas, 213 
 
 Candlewood. 18 
 
 Canterbury, 61 
 
 Capawong brook, 11, 188 
 
 Captives taken at Hat- 
 field, 32 
 
 Carey. Richard, 136, 146, 
 147, 213 
 
 Carley, Samuel, 61, 62, 
 
 88, 136, 148, 213 
 Carriages, 174 
 Casey, John. 213 
 Castle or Castwell, 
 
 Thomas, 213 
 Cemeteries, 19, 185 
 Centennial Celebration, 
 
 295 
 Chaises, 175 
 
328 
 
 Chapin, Ariel, 213 
 Chapin, Rev. Horace B., 
 
 118 
 Chapin, Rev. Perez, 117 
 Chapin, Perez, M. D.,' 
 149, 151, 189, 191, 213 
 Chapman, Rev. Lucius 
 
 W., 117 
 Chapman, Isaac, 213 
 Chauncey, Richard, 99, 
 
 194, 214 
 Chtstnut plain street, 48, 
 
 120, 122 
 Chickons, 8, U 
 Chimneys, stone, 66 
 Christian Lane, 49, 120, 
 
 129, 123 
 Church, Hadlcy, 14 
 Church, Hatfield, 18, 19 
 Church, Whately, for- 
 mation of, 95 ; origi- 
 nal members, 99, 109; 
 number of members, 
 110 
 Church, Second Cong., 
 
 110, 118 
 Church, Richard, killed 
 
 by Indians, 54 
 Cider, 76 
 
 Clajihorii, Alvin N., 214 
 Clapboards, 17 
 Clark, Dexter, 214 
 Clark, Justin W., 3 
 Clark, Justus, 214 
 Clark, Leander, 173, 193, 
 
 214 
 Clark, Peter, 214 
 Clark, Stephen, 214 
 Clary, Apollos, 214 
 Claverack, 121 
 t;lerks, Town, 191 
 Cloth, home-made 70 
 Clothiers, 73, 170, 171, 
 
 172 
 Coleman, Nathaniel, 57, 
 61, 87, 92, 147, 158, 
 159, 214 
 Coleman, Niles, 129, 141, 
 
 214 
 Coleman, Noah, 215 
 Comb Factory, 171 
 Committees of Corres- 
 pondence, 139, 141 
 Common fields, 11, 16, 
 
 17, 18, 43 
 Commons, 16, 43 ; four 
 
 divisions of, 44 
 Communion furniture, 
 
 115 
 Conch-shell, 109 
 Cone, William, 215 
 Convention, Deerfield, in 
 1782, 157 
 
 Convention, Hatfield, in 
 
 1782, 158 
 Convention, Northamp- 
 ton, in 1777, 153 
 Conway path, 49, 123 
 Cook, David, 173, 215 
 Cook, James P., 215 
 Cooley, Benjamin, 215 
 Cooley, Dennis, 215 
 Cooley, Justin Morton, 
 
 179, 215 
 Cooley, Lemuel, 215 
 Corn, Indian, 8, 18, 74 
 Covenant, half-way, 100 
 Cow-herd, 43 
 Cows, run on Commons, 
 
 91 
 Cowing, George, 216 
 Crafts, Bcnoni, 61, 216 
 Crafts, Gaius, 136, 142, 
 
 216 
 Crafts Genealogy, 216 
 Crafis, Thomas. 38, 41, 
 
 61, 66, 99, 104, 216 
 Crawford, Capl. J. D., 
 
 .291 
 Crump, James A., 163, 
 
 223 
 Curtis, Hosea, 223 
 Cutler, James, 170, 223 
 Cutting brush on Com- 
 mons, 18 
 
 Dark day, 194 
 
 Deacons, 115 
 
 Deaths, summary of, 190 
 
 Dedham Grant, 55 
 
 Deer, 54 
 
 Deerfield, abandoned, 27 ; 
 
 destroyed, 58 ; part of 
 
 annexed, 81 
 Delegates to Constitu- 
 tional Convention, 193 
 Delegates to Provincial 
 
 Congress, 140 
 Denison's Grant, 56 
 Dewey, Capt. T. M., 288 
 Dickinson, Abner, 137, 
 
 147, 225 
 Dickinson, Benjamin, M. 
 
 D., 189, 191, 226 
 Dickinson Genealogy, 223 
 Dickinson, Gideon, 86, 
 
 142, 190, 223 
 Dickinson, Joel, 61, 86, 
 
 136, 226 
 Dickinson, Moses, 61,223 
 Dickinson, Nathaniel, 15, 
 
 50 
 Distilleries, 182 
 Doane, Samuel, 226 
 Dogs, law against, 43 ; to 
 
 hunt Indians, 59 
 
 Dollar, first named, 194 
 Donovan, Edmund, 227 
 Drain, the great 187 
 Dress, excesse in 39, 40, 
 
 41 
 Dress, homespun, "65, 70 
 Drinks, 76 
 Dyeing, 68, 72, 140 
 
 Eaton, Asa, Jesse, "Wil- 
 liam, 227 
 Ecclesiastical history, 93 
 Edson Genealogy, 227 
 Edson, Jonathan, 62, 142, 
 
 143, 146, 148 
 E2vpt road, 48, 123 
 Elder, family of, 228 
 Elm, set by Oliver Graves 
 
 Jr., 61 
 Emmons, Richard, M. D., 
 
 189, 228 
 Equivalent, Hatfieldj 47 
 Errata, 332 
 Estates, for div. of lands 
 
 16 
 Estates and polls in 1771, 
 
 87 
 Estates, valuation of, 190 
 Esther mountain, 188 ; 
 
 road, 120, 123 
 Excesse in apparrell, 40 
 
 Faculty Tax, 172 
 Fairchild, Rev. E. B., 
 
 119, 228 
 Falls, Turner's, fi£;ht, 29 
 Farms, Old and West, 44 
 Farrell, Matthew, 228 
 Faxon. Thomas, 228 
 Fay, Capt. William, 190, 
 
 228 
 Fences, 17 
 Ferguson, Rev. George R. 
 
 118 
 Ferguson, Rev. John, 
 
 113, 114, 228 
 Ferry, Belden's, 182, 291 
 Field Genealogv, 228 
 Field, Noah, 142, 146,229 
 Field, Zechariah, 15, 21 
 Field, Zenas, 142, 146, 
 
 148, 229 
 Fisher, Benj., 229 
 Flax, 18, 70. 73, 74, 140 
 Fleming, Thomas, 229 
 Flip, 77 
 Food, 74 
 
 Foote, Alden A., 229 
 Foot-stoves, 106 
 Ford, Levi, 229 
 Fox, H. B., 173, 192,230 
 Fox, S. W., 173, 230 
 Frary, Eleazar, 38, 58 
 
329 
 
 Frary, Elcazar,' 112, 147 
 I'rarv, liicut. Elisha, 99, 
 
 107, 137, 139, ItO, Ul, 
 
 143, 147, 149, 151, 190, 
 
 232 
 Frary Genealogy, 230 
 Frary, Maj. Phinehas, ^ 
 
 107. 142, 161, 190, 193, 
 
 231 
 Frary, Capt. Seth, 140, 
 
 148, 149, 190 
 French and Ind. Avar, 
 
 13o— 7 
 Fuller, William H., 193, 
 
 232 
 Fulling-mill, 70 
 
 Galena, 183 
 
 Gates across roads, 17, 
 
 121, 121 
 Gibbs, Paul, 147, 233 
 Gilbert. Josiah, lo2, 233 
 Giles, "William, 151, 233 
 Girls attend school, 20, 21 
 Glen, the, 69, 188 
 Goodnough, Rev. J. R., 
 
 119 
 Goss, 233 
 
 Governor, votes for, 292 
 Graham. James, 233 
 Grants, land, by Govt. 55 
 Graves, David, 44, 60, 
 
 109, 137, 143, 233 
 Graves, Dea. Nathan, 61, 
 
 99, 137, 147, 233, 234 
 Graves Genealogy, 233 
 Graves, Israel, 87, 91, 99, 
 
 137, 147 
 Graves, Oliver, 61,91, 99, 
 115, 137, 140, 141, 147, 
 148, 190, 233 
 Oraves, William E., 240 
 Gray, Alfred W., 240 
 Gray, Nathaniel, 240 
 Great Meadow, 11, 16, 17, 
 
 29, 31, 50, 56, 60 
 Green, Henry, 152 
 Grimes, Samuel, 181, 191, 
 
 241 
 Grist-mills, Meekins', 18 ; 
 Taylor's, 69, 124 ; Bel- 
 ding's, 69, 124 ; Mun- 
 son's, 170 ; Wells Bro- 
 thers', 171 ; Moor and 
 Co., 171 
 
 Habitancy, who entitled 
 to 81, 92 
 
 Hadley, planters, 10, 14, 
 15 ; reasons for leaving 
 Conn., 14 ; lands pur- 
 chased by, 10, 11 ; 
 lands how divided, 15 ; 
 
 date of settlement, 15 ; 
 church, 14 ; grant of 
 1000 acres to, 50 
 Hafey, Jerre and Nicho- 
 las, 211 
 Handerhan, Michael, 241 
 Handy, Levi, 147, 148 
 Harding. Samuel, 241 
 Harrington, Thomas, 144, 
 
 241 
 Harris, L. G., 241 
 Hart, Murray, 241 
 Harvesting, time of, 74 
 Harvey, Elihu, 1G2, 169, 
 
 241 
 Harvey, Paul, 151, 241 
 Harwood, Francis, M.D., 
 
 152, 189, 241 
 Harwood, Capt. Nathan, 
 
 152, 241 
 Hastings, Dr. Thomas, 
 
 20, 38 
 Hatch, Isaac, 242 
 Hatfield, settlers, 15 ; 
 lands purchased by, 11, 
 12 ; lands how divided, 
 15; settlement of, 15; in- 
 corporated, 18 ; church 
 formed, 19; Grist-mill, 
 18 ; schools of, 20; first 
 Indian attack on, 27 ; 
 palisades built, 28 ; sec- 
 ond Indian attack on, 
 31 ; great calamity, 31 ; 
 captives from, 33 
 Hatfield Equivalent, 47 ■ 
 Hatters, 173 
 Hawks, R. B., 242 
 Hawley, Fred. A., 242 
 Hawley, John, 144, 242 
 Hayes, Dennis, 242 
 Haz/ard, Robert, 136, 
 
 242 
 Hemenway, Obed, 242 
 Hibbard, John, 243 
 Higgins, Henry S., 243 
 Hill. Joseph, 243 
 Hinsdale, Mehuman, 58, 
 
 188 
 Hoar, James H., 243 
 Hogs, may run at large, 
 
 91 
 Home-life of early settlers 
 
 66—9 
 Hopewell, 58, 188 ; In- 
 dian camp on, 54 
 Hopewell brook, 26, 172, 
 
 188 
 Horn-book, 20 
 Horses, only used for 
 
 travel, 21, 64, 174 
 Howes, Micajah, 213 
 Hubbard, W. M., 243 
 
 Incorporation of town, 78, 
 
 288 
 Indians, Norwottucks, 7, 
 54 ; Pocumtucks, 7 ; 
 Indian chiefs, Chick- 
 wallup, 7 ; Umpan- 
 chala, 7 ; (iuonquont, 
 7 ; forts, 8 ; corn-fields, 
 8 ; lands, sale of, 9 ; 
 reservations, 12 ; an- 
 nual burning of grass, 
 13 ; first war, 24 ; 
 swamp fight, 25 ; first 
 attack on Hatfield. 27 ; 
 fight at Turner's falls, 
 29 ; second attack on 
 Hatfield, 3 1 ; third at- 
 tack on Hatfield, 31 ; 
 second war, 49 ; favor- 
 ite hunting grounds, 
 54 ; Hopewell camp, 
 54 ; murder of Richard 
 Church, 54 ; third war, 
 58 ; scalps, price of, 59 ; 
 fourth war, 59 
 
 Industries, local, 169 
 
 Ingraham, David, 141, 
 146, 148, 243 
 
 Inhabitants of Whately 
 1771. 87 
 
 Inns, 179, 181 
 
 Island, the 63, 188 
 
 Jenney, Reuben, fam. of 
 
 243 
 Jennings, Stephen, 34 
 Jeperson, family of 244 
 Jewett, Charles E., 244 
 Jewett, Jesse, family of, 
 
 244 
 Johnson, Jonathan, 244 
 Jones, Eli, 244 
 Jones, Henry, 144 
 Judd, Eleazar, 244 
 Judd, Rev. J. S., 115, 
 
 118, 244 
 
 Kellogg, Joel, 244 
 Kellogg, Joseph, 87, 147, 
 
 148, 244 
 Kellogg, William, 38, 
 
 244 
 Keyes, Stephen, 148, 152, 
 
 245 
 Knapp, S. J., 245 
 
 Labor, price of 73, 145 
 Lamb, Samuel, 245 
 Lamson, Amasa, 245 
 Lamson, John, 141, 146, 
 
 172, 181, 245 
 Landing, Belden's, 182, 
 
 291 
 
330 
 
 Landinw, Stockbridges, 
 
 183, 291 
 Land, grant of by Govt., 
 
 55 
 Land, 1000 acres to Had- 
 
 ley, 56 
 Land, plain, worthless, 
 
 55 
 Lands, common, prices of 
 
 63 
 Lands, ownership of, 15 ; 
 
 how divided among 
 
 settlers, 15 
 Lane, Christian, 49, 120, 
 
 123 
 Lane, Rev. J. W., 114, 
 
 115, 245 
 Larrabee. Benj., 245 
 Leonard, Closes H., 245 
 Lesure, Samuel, 172, 191, 
 
 245 
 Lexington Alarm, 141 
 Linsey-woolsey, 39, 68 
 Locke, John, 142, 146, 
 
 172, 181, 245 
 Log houses, 66 
 Longley, J. L., 246 
 Loomis, Abner, fam. of, 
 
 245 
 Loomis, Jona. C, 162, 
 
 175, 245 
 Lord, llev. Charles, 115, 
 
 118, 246 
 Lottery, 194 
 Loveridge, Daniel, 246 
 Lull, — 246 
 Lyon, Zebina, 246 
 
 Mail facilities, 186 
 Malt, 21, 38, 76 
 Manning, Horace, 247 
 Maple sugar, 77 
 Marcy, Gardner, 149, 
 
 247 
 IMarsh, Asa, fam. of, 247 
 Marsh, Elijah, 247 
 Marsh, Isaac, 162, 247 
 Masterson, James, 247 
 Mather, Capt. Benj., fam. 
 
 of, 247 
 McClellan, E. B., 247 
 McCoy, Daniel, 162 
 Mclntire, Samuel, 151 
 Meadow, North or Great, 
 11, 16, 17, 29, 31, 50, 
 56, 60 
 Meekins, Emmons, fara. 
 
 of, 248 
 Meekins, Thomas, 15, 18, 
 
 19 
 Meeting-house, 104 ; divi- 
 sion about lo(^ation of, 
 107 ; seating the, 108 
 
 Merrick, Perez, 73, 248 
 Mcslin, 73 
 
 Methodist Society, 119 
 Mill river, 18, 188 
 Mill Swamp, 187 
 ^lills, woolen, 170, 184 
 Mincommuck, 11, 12 
 Miner, J. N., 163, 248 
 Minute men, 141 
 Moor, Harvey, 171, 249 
 Moor, James and Otis, 
 
 249 
 Morey, John, 249 
 Morton, Daniel, 61, 87, 
 
 94, 99, 181, 185, 249, 
 
 287 
 Morton, David, 142, 146, 
 
 252 
 Morton Genealogy, 249 
 Morton, John, B., 252 
 Morton, Dea. Levi, 115, 
 
 176, 190, 252 
 Morton, Oliver, 61, 104, 
 
 141, 144, 251 
 Morton, Richard T., 178, 
 
 253 
 Mor'ton, Simeon, 107, 142, 
 
 146, 251 
 Mosher, Jacob, 142, 253 
 " Mother George," 27, 48, 
 
 49, 63, 262 
 Muddy Brook, 27 
 Munroe, Calvin, 253 
 Munson, Moses, 107, 170, 
 
 253 
 Munson, Renben, 253 
 Murdock, Samuel, 254 
 
 Name of town, 82 
 Nash, Abel W., 178, 193, 
 
 254 
 Nash, Abner, 254 
 Nash, Jonathan, 255 
 Nash, Joseph, 158, 254 
 Nash, Thomas, 170, 193, 
 
 254 
 Nolan, families of, 255 
 Noon-room, 64, 106 
 Norton, Oliver, M. D., 
 
 189, 255 
 North Meadow, 11, 16, 
 
 17, 29, 31, 50,56, 60 
 
 Ordination of Rev. Mr. 
 Wells, 99 
 
 Officers, town first cho- 
 sen, 90 
 
 Oil-mill, 170 
 
 Orchards, 76 
 
 Orcutt, Stephen, 151, 171, 
 174, 255 
 
 Orcutt, Theodora, 71, 72 
 
 Oxen, for labor, 21, 64 
 
 Palisades, 7, 28. 49 
 Parish, First, organized, 
 
 113 
 Parker, Abraham, 61, 
 
 136, 255 
 Parker, Benjamin, 144, 
 
 147, 148, 255 
 ^Parker Genealogy, 255 
 Parker, Rev James, 119 
 Pastures, 43 
 Peas, 18, 73 
 Pease, Hosea, 256 
 Pease, Jabez, 193. 256 
 Pease, Solomon, 256 
 Petition for Act of Incor- 
 poration, 288 
 Petition for tax on lands, 
 
 286 
 Phelps, Edward, 182, 191, 
 
 256 
 Phillips, Richard, 256 
 Physicians, 189 
 Pierce, Jonathan, 256 
 Pillars, the seven, 19 
 Planting, time of, 74 
 Pocket-books, 179 
 Polls and estates, 1771, 87 
 Polls, ratable, 1777, 90 
 Polls and estates, 1786, 90 
 Poplar spring, 26, 181, 
 
 188 
 Population, statistics of, 
 
 189-90 
 Post office, 186 
 Potatoes, 76, 186 
 Pottery and stone ware, 
 
 174 
 Potter, families of. 256 
 Powers, families of, 256 
 Pratt, Aaron, 144, 149, 
 
 256 
 Pratt, Capt. Amos, 161, 
 
 170, 256 
 Preaching in Whately, 93, 
 
 94 
 Prices and values, 1760, 
 
 73 
 Prices and values, 1777, 
 
 145 
 Prutt. George,99. 194, 256 
 Pudding, Indian, 64, 67, 
 
 74 
 Pumpkins, 75 
 
 Quinn. Edmund, 256 
 Quonquont, 7, 12 
 
 Rates, country, 50, 51 
 Rebellion, Shays', 159 
 Rebellion, the 1861-5, 
 
 162-8 
 Reed, Simeon, 162, 175, 
 
 256 
 
331 
 
 Reed, Thomas, 29 
 Reinesentatives to Gen. 
 
 Court, 193 
 Revivals. 110 
 Revolutionary War, 137- 
 
 53 
 Rice, Rev. Lorenzo, 119 
 Richardson, Winslow, 257 
 Kille Green's. 161-2 
 Road throuiih Egypt, 48, 
 
 123 
 Roads, private, 49 
 Roads, public, 48, 120 
 Roarinj; brook, 172 
 Robinson, Hiram, 257 
 Rogers, Benj., fam. of, 
 
 257 
 Rosevelt, Jacob, 175, 257 
 Ruddock, Edward, 257 
 Run of Yarn, 72 
 
 Sabbath, regard for, 43, 
 
 63, 149, 262 
 Sabbath School, 116 
 Sanderson, Rev. Alonzo, 
 
 117 
 Sanderson, Rev. Alvan, 
 
 116 
 Sanderson, David, 260 
 Sanderson, Joseph, 61, 
 
 185, 257 
 Sanderson, Dea. Thomas, 
 
 64, 81, 141, 146, 147, 
 172, 186, 190, 191, 193, 
 257 
 
 Sartle, Nathaniel, 62, 137, 
 
 142, 148, 260 
 Saunders, Dea, David, 
 
 115, 171, 260 
 Saw-mills, Beldin's, 172; 
 Belding's, 69 ; Brown's, 
 69 ; Morton's, 169 ; 
 Taylor's, 69, 104 
 Saw-pits, 17 
 Schools, 19, 20, 21, 127- 
 
 134 
 School books, 20 
 School, English, 129 
 School, Select, 134 
 Scott, Abel, 66. 142, 146, 
 148, 149, 151, 152, 261 
 Scott, Benjamin, 88, 260 
 Scott, David, 61, 64, 66, 
 - 93, 99, 105, 261 
 Scott, Joseph, (see errata) 
 
 60, 87, 262 
 Scott, Jo^iah, 57, 60, 260 
 Scott, Theodora, 71, 260 
 Scott, Tradition, 60 
 Scott, William, 38, 260 
 Seating the meeting- 
 house, 108 
 Second Cong. Church, 118 
 
 Selectmen, 190 
 
 Sexton, Calvin, Daniel, 
 
 Rufus, 263 
 Seymour, Rev. 0. N., 
 
 113, 115, 203 
 Shad fishery, 186 
 Shattuck, Capt. O., 62, 
 
 142, 152, 263 
 Shays' rebellion, 159 
 Shingles, 17 
 Pienna, 183 
 Singing. 116 
 
 Slaves in Whatoly, 194 
 Smith, Benjamin, 88, 91, 
 
 99, 141, 142, 143, 147, 
 
 263 
 Smith, Goodman Elisha, 
 
 60, 88, 263 
 Smith, Gilbert, 268 
 Smith, Dea. James, 115, 
 
 170, 268 
 Smith, Joel W., 268 
 Smith, John, 107, 129, 
 
 141, 142, 148, 159, 190, 
 
 193, 268 
 Smith, Philip, 87, 91, 99, 
 
 136, 143, 147, 203, 287 
 Smith, ISIiss Sophia, 21 
 Snow, Lemuel, 268 
 Snow Shoes, 59 
 Soldiers' pay and rations, 
 
 50, 149 
 Soldiers' bounties, 151, 
 
 152, 162 
 Soldiers, lists of, 136-7 ; 
 
 141-53; 102; 163-8; 
 
 292 
 Sounding board, 108 
 Spafford, Jonathan, 142, 
 
 143, 149, 268 
 Spinning, law requiring, 
 
 42 
 Springs, chalybeate, 187 
 Starks, John, 107, 268 
 Steamboats on Conn. 
 
 river, 183, 288 
 Stearns, Aaron S,, 269 
 Stedman, Samuel W., 
 
 269 
 Stiles, Capt. Henry, 87, 
 
 90, 136, 141, 159, 269 
 Stockbridgc, David, Sen., 
 
 146, 269 
 Stockbridge, David, Jr., 
 
 181, 183, 190, 269, 288, 
 
 291 
 Story tellers, 69 
 Straits, the, 48, 60. 120 
 Strong, Harrison D., 270 
 Sugar-loaf brook, 12, 26, 
 
 188 
 Sugar-loaf mountain, 7, 
 
 11, 25 
 
 Swallows in meeting- 
 house, 106 
 
 Swamp fight, 25 
 
 Swamp, Great, 124, 187 
 
 Swamp, Mill, 188 
 
 Swamp. Wet, 58, 188 
 
 Swift, Heman, fam. of 
 270 
 
 Swift water men, 289 
 
 Tan houses, 70, 172 
 Taverns. 179, LSI 
 Taxes, burden of, 50 
 Taxes, paid in grain, 18, 
 
 22, 51 
 Tax on faculty, 172 
 Tax, poll, on females, 51 
 Tax on lands, petition for 
 
 286 
 Taylor, Adonijah, 69, 86, 
 
 124, 142, 172, 270 
 Temple, Rev. J. H., 113, 
 
 114, 271 
 Thayer, Caleb L., 271 
 Timber scarce, 14 
 Tobacco, 175 ; Seed-leaf, 
 
 176 ; curious law con- 
 cerning, 177 
 Todd, Rev. Asa, 119, 271 
 Tories, 154 
 Tow- cloth, 70 
 Tower, Hannah, 271 
 Trask, John, the tory, 155 
 Treasurers, Town, 191 
 Train, Peter, fam. of, 61, 
 
 87, 91, 93, 129. 271 
 Trumbull's hill, 188 
 Turkeys, wild, 54 
 Turner, Abraham, 61, 87, 
 
 91, 146, 272 
 Turner, Otis, 272 
 Turner's Falls fight, 29 
 Turnips, 75 
 Tute, Keziah, 272 
 
 Umber and Sienna, 183 
 Umpanchala, 7 ; his fort, 
 
 8, 48 
 Unitarian Society, 119 
 
 Valuation, 190 
 
 Values and prices 1760, 
 
 73 
 Values and prices, 1777, 
 
 145 
 Votes for Governor, 1781- 
 
 1871, 292 
 
 Wages of labor, 73, 145 
 Wages of soldiers, 50 
 Wait, Sergt. Benjamin, 
 
 2;), 33, 58 
 1 Wait, Canada, 35 
 
Wait, Consider, 149, 273 
 
 Wait. Elihu, 142, 146, 
 272 
 
 AVait Genealogy, 272 
 
 AVait, Jeremiah, 137, 275 
 
 Wait, Landlord Joel, 141, 
 142, 146, 148, 272 
 
 Wait, Joel, 277 
 
 Wait, Sergt. John, 57, 60, 
 87, 99, 141, 146, 186, 
 190, 272 
 
 Wait, John, 277 
 
 Wait, Jonathan, 170, 273 
 
 AVait, Nathan, 275 
 
 Wait, Seth, 87, 137, 186, 
 272 
 
 Wait, Dea. Simeon, 61, 
 87, 99, 190, 275 
 
 AValker, Jacob, 143, 146, 
 160, 277 
 
 Wallets, 179 
 
 Walls or Wallis, John, 
 151 
 
 AVampum, 10 
 
 AVarner, Edwin, 277 
 
 AVarner, F. Y., 171, 278 
 
 AVarner, Jesse, 277 
 
 AA^arner, Luther, fam, of, 
 277 
 
 Warning out of town, 91, 
 92 
 
 AVars, first Indian, 24 ; 
 No. AVhites slain, 1675, 
 28 ; Second Indian, 49 ; 
 third Indian, 58 ; fourth 
 Indian, 59 ; French and 
 Indian, 135 ; Revolu- 
 tion, 137-153 ; war of 
 1812, 160; Kebellion of 
 1861, 162-8 
 
 Watches and wards, 49 
 
 332 
 
 Weavers, 73 
 
 AVeaving, 66, 70 
 
 Weekioannuck brook, 12, 
 188 
 
 AVeeks, Robert D., 278 
 
 Wells, Elisha, 143, 146, 
 147, 278 
 
 Wells Genealogy, 278 
 
 Wells, John, 39 
 
 AVells, Capt. Luke, 173, 
 191, 193, 281 
 
 AVells, Noah, 61, 86, 140, 
 143, 158, 159, 190, 278, 
 287 
 
 Wells, Rev. Rufus, first 
 preacher in Whately, 
 93 ; called, 94 ; settle- 
 ment, 94 ; sketch of life 
 of, 110-12; public his- 
 tory, 114 ; extracts from 
 Account book of, 71, 
 93, 150, 176 ; fam. of, 
 280, 287 
 
 Wells, Rev. R. P., 117, 
 281 
 
 Wells, Thomas, 191, 280 
 
 Wequomps mountain, 7, 
 11 
 
 AVest Brook, 169 
 
 Wet Swamp, 58 
 
 Wharf, Stockbridge's, 
 183, 291 
 
 Whately, Thomas, 83-86 
 
 Whately, settled, 60 ; set- 
 tlers, 60-62 ; Name of, 
 82 ; trials of first set- 
 tlers, 63-65 ; daily life 
 of, 66 ; petition for act 
 of incorporation, 288 ; 
 incorporated, 78 ; part 
 of Deerfield annexed, 
 
 81 ; list of inhabitants 
 of 1771, 87 ; who en- 
 titled to habitance, 81, 
 92 
 AVheat, 18, 22, 73 
 White, Daniel, 15, 58 
 White Genealogy, 281 
 White, Luther, 283 
 White, Capt. Salmon, 61, 
 90, 99, 115, 137, 140, 
 141, 145, 146, 147, 151, 
 158, 190, 191, 192, 193, 
 281, 286 
 AVhite, William, 283 
 Wilcox, L, S. and David, 
 
 283 
 Williams, Charles, 283 
 Wills, Samuel, 283 
 Winchell, Reuben, 186, 
 
 2 S3 
 Wing, Samuel, 284 
 Wing, William, 171 
 Witch story, 69 
 Wolves, 194 
 Women's work, 21, 66, 
 
 67, 73 
 Wood, John, family of, 
 
 284 
 AVood, Samuel C, 284 
 Woods, family of, 284 
 Woodward, Wesley, 285 
 Wright, Seth, Sen., 148 
 Wright, AVid. Abigail, 
 
 285 
 Wrisley, Lyman, family 
 
 of, 285 
 Wunckcompss brook, 11 
 
 Yarn, flaxen, 70 
 Yarn, a " run" of, 72 
 
 ^ 
 
 ERRATA, 
 
 Page 3, line 4 from the bottom, for 'practical,' readj ' practiced.' 
 
 Page 24, line 17, for ' of,' read ' up.' 
 
 Page 60, line 21, for ' Benjamin,' read ' Joseph.' 
 
 Page 198, line 13, for ' Lara,' read ' Lura.' 
 
 Page 201, line 17 from the bottom, for 'he,' read ' she.' 
 
 Page 213, line 6, for ' Miller,' read 'Mellen.'