THE M< i.MMI'.N'T Erected :it Culpeper, V.-i . , bj 1 1 1 « - State of Pennsylvania. REPORT OF THE Culpeper Virginia Monument Commission OF PENNSYLVANIA HARRISBURG, PA.: WM. STANLEY RAY. STATE PRINTER 1914 1^ - WM ^1*2*. d; gf !(>V L, LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL. To His Excellency, John K. Tener, Governor of Pennsylvania: Sir : The undersigned, appointed November 10th, 1909, a Com- mission of the State of Pennsylvania to erect a suitable monu- ment in the National Cemetery, at Culpeper, Virginia, to the memory of the Pennsylvania soldiers buried therein, have the honor to present this as their final report. S. W. HILL, CHAS. H. WORMAN, F. F. ROHM, Culpeper, Virginia, Monument Commissioners of Pennsylvania. (3) «ffi (4) IK. TORY OF ORIGIN OF APPROPRIATION FOR CULPEPER, VIRGINIA, MONUMENT. East Chicago, Ind., Dec. 2nd, 1912. Colonel S. W. Hill, President, Culpeper, Virginia, Monument Commission, Bellevue, Pa. Dear Sir : Replying to your communication under date of No- vember 30th, in reference to giving you history of the legislation in connection with appropriation for the Culpeper, Virginia, Monument, beg to state that during the session of 1907, I re- ceived a communication from Colonel Burrows, who was a Con- federate soldier, then located in Homestead, Pa., asking me whether I would introduce a bill for a monument in memory of the Pennsylvania soldiers, who were buried in Culpeper, Va. In reply I wrote him stating that I would be pleased to intro- duce a bill covering such an appropriation, and asked him to kindly have the bill drafted and sent to me. Upon receipt of the bill I found that he had not stipulated the amount necessary for the monument, but prior to my receiving an answer to my com- munication I was compelled to introduce the bill, and asked for an appropriation of $20,000.00. In the meantime I received a communication from Colonel Burrows, stating that he thought that $5,000.00 would be ample for a monument in the National Cemetery. I then had to go before the appropriation committee and was fortunate in getting the bill through for $8,000.00, as money in the State Treasury was limited, it was necessary to cut appropriation bills. I was fortunate in having the bill passed through the House and Sen- ate and signed with the rest of the appropriation bills, but when it came to the Governor's signature, out of the many bills that had been passed for monuments, he signed five, vetoing the re- mainder, due to the fact that they did not have money enough (5) G Pennsylvania at Culpcper. to cover the more important appropriation bills, but 1 believe the one reason which the Governor had for signing this bill was due to the fact that it had been presented by a Confederate soldier. After the hill had been signed by the Governor on June 13th, . the Governor then found that the commission was to be the Governor of the State, the Auditor General, and at this time 1 cannot remember the ether members of the committee. This was unusual and a mistake, as the bill should have read. giving the Governor power to appoint a commission. As the ( rovernor could not give the time to the execution of this work, we had to defer the bill until the next Legislature of 1909, and have the bill amended, giving the Governor the power to appoint a commission. It is not necessary for me to dwell upon the ability of this commission, as the monument itself speaks in the way this emu- mission has carried out their obligation. I regret very much that I cannot find in my files, the letter which Colonel Burrows wrote to me and which 1 was able to show the Governor in behalf of signing this measure, but 1 feel quite sure if there is any credit due for this bill passing through the Pennsylvania Legislature, it is due to Colonel Burrows. 1 shall be pleased if I can add anything further to the history of the passing- f this bill, and beg to remain, Very truly yours, C. J. MESTA. NO. 551. APPROVED MAY 13TH, 1909. An Act to amend an act, entitled "An act making an appropria- tion for the erection of a suitable monument, in the National Cemetery at Culpeper, Virginia, to the memory of the Penn- sylvania soldiers of the Civil War buried therein," approved the thirteenth day of June, Anno Domini one thousand nine hundred and seven. Section 1. Be it enacted, &c, That the sum of eight thousand dollars, or so much thereof as may be necessary, be and is here- by appropriated for the purpose of erecting a suitable monument in the National Cemetery, at Culpeper, Virginia, to the memory of the Pennsylvania soldiers buried therein ; and that the Gov- ernor, Secretary of the Commonwealth, and the Secretary of In- ternal Affairs be and they are hereby authorized and empowered to take the necessary steps to carry out, as speedily as possible, the provisions of this act," be amended to read as follows : — Section 1. Be it enacted, &c, That the sum of eight thousand dollars, or so much thereof as may be necessary, be and is hereby appropriated for the purpose of erecting a suitable monument in the National Cemetery, at Culpeper, Virginia, to the memory of the Pennsylvania soldiers buried therein ; and that the Gover- nor is hereby authorized and empowered to appoint a commis- sion of three persons to take the necessary steps to carry out, as speedily as possible, the provisions of this act : Provided, That the sum of eight thousand dollars appropriated by the act of June thirteenth, one thousand nine hundred and seven, hereby amended, be made available to meet the provisions of this act. Approved— The 13th day of May, A. D. 1909. EDWIN S. STUART, Governor. (7) $4* <8) Governor Edwin S. Stuart. W'lm Appointed the Commissioi Harrisburg, Pa., December 28, 1909. Colonel S. W. Hill, Pittsburgh, Penna. My dear Sir : I am writing you this letter in compliance with your verbal inquiries concerning the appropriation to the Com- mission to erect a monument in the National Cemetery at Cul- peper, Virginia, in memory of the Pennsylvania soldiers buried there. I note that the appropriation is in the sum of $8,000 "for the purpose of erecting a suitable monument in the National Ceme- tery at Culpeper, Va." No other appropriation is made by this Act, and I believe the wording of the Act is broad enough to in- clude all absolutely necessary collateral expenses of the Commis- sion incurred in the work of preparing plans, drawing contracts and erecting the statue itself. As the appropriation is made for the purpose of erecting a statue, it would be absurd to hold that the money cannot be used for any purpose other than to pay for the bare statue itself. So to hold would be to prevent the erec- tion of the statue. I am therefore of the opinion that collateral expenses, as above set forth may be paid out of this appropria- tion ; such collateral expenses, of course, including the absolutely necessary traveling expenses of the members of the commission. As soon as the commission is organized, you will please have the Secretary certify the names of the officers to us. When any contract is let, give us a certified copy of the contract ; when plans and specifications are accepted, give us certified copies of them, also. Herewith I am handing you the blank forms that will be neces- sary in drawing the money from the State Treasury. I presume the most convenient way of drawing this money is to have you furnish us with a signed voucher on "C-Form-13," all the vouch- ers being listed on a Summary Requisition, "C-Form-7^." If you find it impossible to get the vouchers signed before the money is actually paid over, we may be able to make some other arrangement, but this is the easiest method. You will note that (9) 10 Pennsylvania at Culpeper. the Requisition at. the head of "C-Form-7|" must be signed by the Treasurer of the Commission and the wording of such Re- quisition should be changed to suit the character of the Com- mission. I think, so far as regards the personal expenses of the Com- mission, it would be best for each member to turn his signed voucher over to the Treasurer, and let the Treasurer draw the money along with the money to cover other expenses. Money may be drawn out of the appropriation from time to time accord- ing to the necessities of the case. Please note that in charging for traveling expenses, this De- partment requires that the vouchers show the name of the rail- road upon which the traveling is done, the stations of arrival and departure, and the number of miles traveled, and that hotel bills should be covered by receipts attached to the form of voucher. All other expenses for which it is convenient to get a receipt should also be covered by such receipts. We shall be glad at any time to answer airy questions that you have to ask upon the subject of these accounts. Very truly yours, T. A. CRICHTON, Deputy Auditor General. Pennsylvania at Culpeper. 11 MEETINGS AND ITINERARY OF THE CULPEPER, VIRGINIA, MONUMENT COMMISSION. THE Commission met by appointment on December 29th, 1909, at Harrisburg, Pa., and organized by electing S. W. Hill, Chairman, Chas. H. Worman, Treasurer, and F. F. Rohm, Secretary. The Commission, after deliberation, proceeded to Washington, D. C, and established a working agreement with the Quarter- Master General of the United States Army in charge of the Na- tional Cemetery at Culpeper, Va. The next day the Commission proceeded to Culpeper, Va., with a letter from the Quarter-Master General, U. S. A., to the Super- intendent of the National Cemetery for the selection of the site for the proposed monument. Proposals for design and erection of monument were asked in the following advertisement published in daily papers of Phila- delphia, Harrisburg, and Pittsburgh, Pa. PROPOSALS. Culpeper, Va., Monument Commission of State of Pennsylvania. (Under the provisions of Act of Assembly of Pennsylvania, No. 551, approved May 13, 1909). Philadelphia, Pa., April 1, 1910. Sealed proposals, endorsed on envelope "Proposals for Erec- tion of Monument by State of Pennsylvania, in the U. S. Na- tional Cemeterv, Culpeper, Va.,' will be received in Philadelphia, Pa., at Room 544, City Hall, until noon of May 5, 1910, when they will be opened by the undersigned commission. No name or mark of identification shall appear on any en- velope or drawing, but the name of the author and the proposal shall be enclosed in a separate opaque envelope sealed with wax. Said proposals will cover the complete cost of design, excava- tion to a good and sufficient foundation. The ground at the ceme- tery is a clay soil, 18 inches is below frost line, moisture pene- trates to three feet, excavation should be not less than four feet. Monument to be erected thereon, four bronze tablets with such inscriptions cast thereon as the commission shall later decide as 12 Pennsylvania at Culpeper. in harmony with the design submitted, also one bronze tablet of the Coat of Arms of Pennsylvania, same as has been customary on monuments erected by the State of Pennsylvania, all tablets to be neatly countersunk on the stone, set in strong concrete mor- tar of one part best Portland cement and four parts clean sharp sand, and then secured by proper expansion screw bolts. Material to be granite and bronze. Each bidder will furnish his own design on a scale of f inch equals 12 inches, and specify the time the monument shall be completed. Photographic views of the location of the monument will be furnished by any of the commissioners to intending bidders. Bidders will specify the kind of granite and the formula of composition of bronze. Designs and proposals cannot be entertained that exceed a cost of $7,000, which shall include cost of removal of waste material, cleaning up and resodding the ground. Proposals shall be accompanied by a certified check in the sum of five per cent, of the amount of the proposal, as security that the bidder to whom the award is made shall promptly fur- nish a surety company bond, to be approved by the Commission, in the sum of $3,500, or fifty per cent, of the contract price, and sign a contract that shall embody the necessary specifications for carrying out the proposals. The Commission reserves the right to reject any or all bids. S. W. HILL, CHAS. H. WORMAN, ■ F. F. ROHM, Commission. May 5th, 1910, the Commission met at Philadelphia to receive proposals for the monument. Bids were received from four firms. The designs were many and beautiful and the following firms were represented : The Van Amringe Granite Co., of Boston, Mass. The Harrison Bro. Granite Co., of New York. The Smith Granite Co., of Westerly, R. I. The Forbes ( Iranite Co., of Chambersburg, Pa. May 12th, 1910, after carefully inspecting the different designs, die Commission awarded the contract to the Smith Granite Com- pany of Westerly, R. T. The design is a pyramid of rough and hammered Westerly (iranite, thirteen feet at base, and four feet at top with a polished ball of the same material five feet in dia- Pennsylvania at Culpeper. 13 meter surmounting" it the whole to be 28 feet, 6 inches, in height, each side having a bronze tablet of Keystone design to contain such inscriptions as the Commission shall provide. The entire cost of the monument when completed not to exceed seven thousand dollars. On July 20th, 1910, after going over the papers and data in their possession, the Commission in company with Mr. Shenton, representing the Smith Granite Co., went to the Quarter Master General's Department, at Washington, D. C, and submitted de- signs and proposals for consideration and approval. Having located the site for the monument December 29th, 1909, they asked permission to have the foundation erected which was granted after consultation with the civil engineer in charge of such matters. April 6th, 1911, the Commission met at Harrisburg, Pa., and appeared before the Appropriation Committee of the House of Representatives and asked for twenty-five hundred dollars to defray the expense of dedicating the monument which sum was granted. May 6th 1912, the 'Commission visited the War Department, and made arrangements to have one of the engineers of the De- partment inspect the monument before accepting it from the Smith Granite Company. The inspection of the monument by civil engineer, Mr. E. G. Mitchell, showed that the bronze tab- lets were not properly recessed nor secured. The Commission, therefore, required of the contractor that the four tablets be taken down, the recesses recut, the tablets replaced and firmly secured in place. At a meeting of the Commission held in Philadelphia, July 26th, 1912, Mr. W. S. Martin, Secretary and General Manager of the Smith Granite Company agreed to comply with our re- quirements. They later faithfully completed the monument to the satisfaction of the Quarter Master General of the U. S. Army in charge of Culpeper National Cemetery. September 16th, 1912, the Commission proceeded to Culpeper for a final inspection of the monument and to make arrange- ments for the dedication. The monument proved to be very satisfactory and beautiful, and was accepted from the Smith Granite Company as a very fine piece of workmanship, and Oc- tober the 17th was set for its dedication. COPY OF THE CONTRACT WITH THE SMITH GRANITE COMPANY. This Memorandum of an Agreement, made at Philadelphia, this 12th day of May, 1910, by and between The Smith Granite Company, a corporation, of Westerly, Rhode Island, party of the first part, and S. W. Hill, 25 Preston Ave., Bellevue, Pa., Charles II. WOrman, 1510 Diamond St., Philadelphia, Pa., F. F. Rohm, 2033 Green St., Harrisburg, Pa., a commission called The Cul- peper, Va., Monument Commission of State of Pennsylvania, created under the provisions of Act of Assembly of Pennsylvania, No. 551, approved May 13th, 1909, party of the second part. Witnesseth : The party of the first part hereby agrees to fur- nish deliver, and erect, in accordance with plans, specifications, and drawings submitted by the party of the first part, and ac- cepted by the party of the second part, in the U. S. National t 'emetery, Culpepper, Va., on location provided by party of the second part, a granite monument, sample submitted, and or- namented with bronze panels, as per formula required, all com- plete upon foundation provided by party of the first part, by September 1st, 1910. And in Consideration of the faithful performance of the fore- going, the said party of the second part hereby agrees to pay to the party of the first part, the sum of Seven Thousand' Dollars ($7,000) within fifteen days after completion of this contract. THE SMITH GRANITE COMPANY, W. S. Martin, Secy. S. W. HILL, CHARLES H. WORMAN, F. F. ROHM, The Culpeper Virginia Monument Commission of the State of Pennsylvania. (14) Pennsylvania at Culpeper. 15 SPECIFICATIONS. Specifications for the Material and Workmanship required in the erection and completion of a Granite Monument in the U. S. National Cemetery, Culpeper, Va., on site to be designated later. The whole to be erected in strict accordance with blue print elevation drawn to f inch scale and water color perspective here- with submitted, and all work to be done in such manner that it will not in any way conflict with the rules and regulations of the National Cemetery. The elevation, water color, and these specifications are in- tended to be co-operative, and anything shown on elevations or water color and not mentioned or described in these specifications is to be performed. Figures on elevations govern where shown and where not shown all details shall be worked out according to scale. The elevation, water color, and specifications are intended to and do call for a first class piece of work in every particular and shall be so interpreted throughout. When the full size working drawings are made, they shall be worked out in strict accordance with the scale drawings. Excavation and Foundation. All excavation for foundation shall be made in accordance with the rules and ordinances of the U. S. National Cemetery, and shall be to a depth of five (5) feet, or as required by the Super- intendent of the Cemetery. The foundation shall be built of 1-3-5 concrete, or of suitable size building stone and good cement mortar, one part Portland cement and three parts good, clean, sharp sand, each stone to be laid solid and each course to be grouted with thin cement. If of concrete, to be thoroughly mixed and well rammed clown, proportions of cement, sand and stone as per the regulations of the National Cemetery, of Culpeper, Va. The foundation shall be 13 feet square on top, and shall taper from 15 feet square at bottom and be brought to a proper level to receive the bottom base of the monument. L(l Pennsylvania at Oulpeper. ( iranite Work. The monument is to consist of seventeen (17) pieces, con- structed in courses or sections as clearly shown by elevations and perspective drawings, of Pink Veined Westerly Granite, as per sample submitted with this proposal ; the bottom base to con- sist of four (4) pieces, all exposed surfaces to be fine hammered. The inside lines of the sloping wash on the top will be brought to a proper size to receive the first course of the main shaft. The shaft of this monument will be finished in what is known as rock faced work ; all beds and joints shall be full and out of wind and have good bearings on four sides. The shaft shall taper in good proportion to the top, where ii will be surmounted by a live foot Pink Westerly Granite polished ball. All the granite work shall be set in Stainless Portland Cement or its equal, and shall be well clamped together with bronze clamps. The ball will be held in place by granite tenon set into the stone upon which it rests, and securely fastened by the use of staiidess cement. The first course above the bottom base will bear on its fare a bronze coat of arms of the State of Pennsylvania. On the four faces of the structure, in positions shown by elevation and water color, will be fastened bronze panels in shape of the key- stone to receive such lettering in raised letters, as will be required by the commission. Adl the tablets to be neatly countersunk on the stone and then secured by proper expansion screw bolts. The composition of these panels will be the U. S. standard of ''')', copper, 5% tin, and 5% zinc. Arbitration. Should any disagreement or difference of opinion arise as to the meaning of any of the terms of this agreement or the carry- ing nut of the specifications in the erection of this monument, it i> hereby mutually agreed that the matter at issue shall be re- ferred to a Board of Arbitration, constituted by each party here- to choosing a disinterested party, these two arbitrators to select a third party in case they cannot agree. The judgmenl of a majority of such Board of Arbitration to 1m- rendered without delay and be binding on both parties. In General. The work when completed at the quarries shall be carefully boxed to prevent breakage in shipping and handling, and the monument is to be erected in charge of a competent setter. Po/ished Commit ion. <3. W.H''/f, Predf. C/7as- // WormaPyTreas. F. P f?ohm } <5ecf'y 5ca/e /-ec/aced fo '/*'• /Z" z P/eces x P/eces. Co of of /?r/77S , off/je $iote x r/eces /t> &e //7sfrAfof.\ /O-O" 4 P/eces TOTAL /Y£/GHT Z3-<5 a/ a mb en or p/eces /7 Pennsylvania at Culpeper. 17 After the work has been set, it shall be properly jointed up with a bead jointer, thoroughly washed down, and left in perfect condition. All rubbish shall be removed from the site and taken to a proper place of deposit and the lot left in good condition and sodded in places where necessary to leave it in as good shape as found. This monument can be completed in National Cemetery at Cul- peper by September 1st, 1910. The structure when completed will be thirteen (13) feet square on the ground and stand twenty-eight (28) feet six (6) inches high over all, and will cost complete, in accordance with speci- fications, plans and requirements of Commission Seven Thou- sand Dollars ($7,000.00). Corrections made on page two before signing. THE SMITH GRANITE COMPANY, W. S. Martin, Secy. S. W. HILL, CHARLES H. WORM AN, F. F. ROHM, The Culpeper Virginia, Monument Commission, of State of Pennsylvania. 18 Pennsylvania at Culpeper, DESCRIPTION OF THE CULPEPER, VIRGINIA, MONUMENT. THE monument erected in the National Cemetery at Culpeper, Va., by the State of Pennsylvania in memory of the soldiers who lie buried there in known and unknown graves, is com- posed of seventeen pieces of Westerly Granite, the total height is twenty-eight feet, six inches, its weight is 321,200 pounds. It is built in pyramidal form, thirteen feet square at the base, diminishing to four feet at the top of the shaft, surmounted by a polished ball on the apex five feet in diameter, this in turn rests upon a cradle with a solid eight inch tenon set in concrete. The base has cut faces bushed up with hammer, the various courses of stone between the top of the base to the top of the cradle is rock faced with marginal drafts up the corners. Great care was exercised in having a uniform projection of the rock face re- ferred to. The shaft is built of pink veined Westerly Granite, the polished ball is of the same granite. On each of the four sides there is a bronze keystone in the form of a raised panel 6-4 by 6-9 over all, the aggregate weight of the four being 3,200 pounds. Above the base on the South face of the shaft there is also a bronze panel, customary with Pennsylvania monuments, containing the Coat of Arms of Pennsylvania. The South side panel contains the dedication to the memory of the Pennsylvania soldiers who are buried there, the North panel the inscription of the Act of Assembly under which the Commission which was in charge of the erection of the monument was created. The West side panel contains the names, companies and regiments and grave number of the soldiers who are interred in the cemetery, the East side panel has the engagements and skirmishes in and around the vicinity within ten miles of Culpeper, between the Rappahannock and the Kapidan. The foundation of solid concrete, 13 feet square, 5 feet deep, as approved by the Quarter Master General, U. S. A., was put in place ( October, 1 ( >11, by Mr. J. Gordon Thomas, of Culpeper, Va. As the monument was not erected until early Spring of TABLET \'< >. 1. SoL'TII FACE. PENNSYLVANIA REMEMBERS WITH SOLEMN PRIDE HER HEROIC SONS WHO HERE REPOSE IN KNOWN AND UNKNOWN GRAVES. MAY THEIR SACRIFICES BE AN INSPIRATION TO THE PEOPLE AND PROMOTE CIVIC VIRTUE, LOVE of LIBERTY, PEACE, PROSPERITY tfD HAPPINESS IN ALL THE STATES. "DULCE ET DECORUM EST PRO PATRIA MORI . " Pennsylvania at Culpeper. 19 1912, the concrete foundation was thoroughly set before any weight was placed on it. The monument is of imposing appearance and attracts general attention not only on account of its massiveness, but on account of its beautiful proportions. The bronze tablets referred to are splendid specimens of the bronze founder's art, and were very much admired by all present at the dedication. The beautiful contrasts of color of the bronze tablets on the pink background of the Westerly Granite and the tint of the polished Granite ball in the lovely evergreen foliage of the Cemetery cannot be ade- quately described. The material was furnished and erected by the Smith Granite Company, Westerly, Rhode Island, under the contract awarded by the Commission. 20 Pennsylvania at Gulpeper. TABLET NO. 2. WEST FACE. In Memory of Pennsylvania Soldiers Interred in this Cemetery. 99 ■in 16 162 59 307 402 25 1 369 404 10S 1369 351 21 370 22 79 340 207 421 95 114 176 102 149 391 1375 175 286 33S 350 330 37 6 150 31 124 23 40 171 336 93 127 15 214 212 69 Adams, Franklin J., Aldenderfer, James, Allison, Joseph, Alter, Franklin, Bain, Joshua Rates, Marvin Bear, Jacob Benuing, Edward J., Brady, John, Buckwalter, Reuben, Carmichael, Joseph, Carroll, George Cassell, David B., Claypoole, Levi, .... Cleaver, Thomas M., Coldron, Jacob Crane, Horace, . Dager, William Dart, Alfred, Deneen, Henry S., .. Dingier, George, Dodds, John Dougherty, Michael, Downing, John M., Dunmire, William, . Durbow, Walter J., Dutton, Adam, Fields, Albert B., . Pink, Emanuel Geddis, William Halliworth. Henry , Heffleflnger, John, .. Hoch, Thomas Hone, John noyt, Samuel E., Johnson, Strausburg, Kauffmau, John W.. Kenney, John F., .. Kouk, John Lace] , Joseph, Lash, Joshua , Lay ton, George C., .. Longshore, Tames, Loncks, John, I. Urns, James McBrlde, Robert McCall, Hugh McCarroll, William. VfcOulloueh, Michael, McDonald, Abner N., MeBlroy, John McFeters, J. s Maxwell. Adam P., Private,. Private,. Private,. Private,. Private,. Private,. Private, . Private,. Private, . Private,. Private,. Private,. Private.. Private,. Private,. Private,. Private.. Saddler,. Private,. Private,. Private,. Private,. Private, . Private,. Private,. Corporal. i lorpoi a i. Private,. Private, . Private, . Private,. Private,. Sergeant, Private,. Private, . Private, . Private, . Private, . Private, . Private,. Private, . Private,. • orporal, Private,. Private, . Private,. Private,. Private,. Private,. Corporal, Private,, Private,. Private,. H. 63d Infantry, .. G, 145th Infantry, D, 138th Infantry, K, 46th Infantry,. I, 9th Pa. Pes.. A. 16th Cavalry, .. B, 148th Infantry, D, 61st Infantry, . A, 20th Cavalry, .. K, 105th Infantry, E, 26th Infantry, H, S7th Infantry, . E, 81st Infantry, . B, 63rd Infantry, . A, 1st Cavalry, .. . 0. 17th Cavalry, ... D', 16th Cavalry, .. II, 6th Cavalry, ... E, 145th Infantry,. B, 14Sth Infantry, . B, 51st Infantry, . B, 139th Infantry,. K, 140th Infantry,. 1, 143rd Infantry,. R, 139th Infantry,. E, 109th Infantry,. L, 16th Cavalry, . I, 2nd Cavalry, .. D, 143rd Infantry, F, 46th Infantry, . F, 145th Infantry,. F. 63rd Infantry, . IT, 17th Cavalry, .. G, 16th Cavalry, •• G, 67th Infantry, . E, 90th Infantry, . F, 17th Cavalry, .. A, 6th Cavalry. .. I, 143rd Infantry.. L, 1st Cavalry, ... F, ISth Cavalry, .. G, 149th Infantry, . II, Bth Cavalry, .. K, 93rd Infantry,. F, 56th Infantry, ■ F, 63rd Infantry, . B, 69th Infantry. . E, 18th Cavalry, .. D. 4th Cavalry, .. c, 1st Cavalry, .. F, 87th Infantry, . D, 13th Cavalry, .. H, 149th Infantry,. Dateof Death. Nov. April Jan. Aug. Oct. Sept. Mar. Dec. Dec. Mar. Nov. Dec. July Jan. Mar. Dec. Dec. Aug. Jan. April Nov. April Mar. April April Aug. June Nov. Mar. Aug. Jan. Dec. June April Dec. Jan. Feb. Aug. April Dec. Dec. Mar. Tune April Mar. April April April June Aug. Peb. Dec. Feb. 1863 1864 1864 1862 1863 1863 1864 1S63 1864 1S64 1863 1863 1895 1864 1864 1864 1863 1S63 1864 1S64 1862 1864 1S64 1864 1864 1S62 1864 1903 1S64 1S62 1864 1863 1864 1864 1863 1864 1864 1863 1S64 1863 1S63 1864 1864 1864 1864 1861 1S64 1864 1864 1862 1864 1863 1864 TABLET \< ). 3. \< )RTH FACE. ERECTED BY THE COMMONWEALTH OE PENNSYLVANIA A. D. 1910 BY AUTHORITY OE •ACT OF ASSEMBLY NO. 551 APPROVED MAY 13, 1909 Pennsylvania at Gulpeper. 21 Name. 41 2 110 139 296 46 253 192 24 i 109 208 : 265 266 ! 3S1 ! 8 I 426 | 19 13 1S6 78 39 328 259 251 241 407 295 •411 92 64 419 89 4 183 257 167 137 1 12S 210 393 117 247 160 423 287 Melwig, Philip Miller, Lewis Miller. Reuben G., ... Monteith, Thomas Mowrey, Henry, Naylor, William T., Neiman, John F., Otto, John A., Phelps, Otis Polsgrove, George W., Porter, Henry N., Porter, William A., .. Prettylief, Henry Prichard, James, Prince, Albert T., ... Reed, David A., Rehm, Fred'k, , Rice, William, Room, Andrew G., Rushworth, Isaac, ... Selkirk, William Shaffer, William, Sheets, Thomas Shives, William Smith, Charles R., .. Snyder, William O., Spotz, Hiram J., Stanford, John W., . Stanton, James W., . Steiner, Edward Thomas, Thomas J., . Tillston, William S., Vandergrift, Horatio, Vansiekle, John W., Wagner, George Warner, Manley B., . Watson, James, Weaver, John, Wilson, William E., . Wolf, Henry Wolford, Jacob Woods, John, Private,.. Private,. . Corporal, Private... Private,.. Private,. . Private,.. Private,.. Teamster, Private,.. Private,. . Private,.. Private, . . Private,. . Private,. . Private, . . Private,. . Private.. . Private, .. Private,.. Private,.. Private,.. Private,. . Private,.. Private,.. Private... Private,.. Private,. . Private, . . Private,.. Private, . . Private... Private,.. Private,.. Private,.. Private,.. Private,.. Private... Private,.. Private,. . Private,. Private,.. Wurley, Conrad Private,. Company. Young, Israel, Zanders, John L., Zanner, Erhardt, Private, . Private, . Private,. G, 26th Infantry, . I, 140th Infantry, . G, 107th Infantry,. B, 150th Infantry,. F, 16th Cavalry, .. C, 49th Infantry, . A, 1st Cavalry, ... L, Sth Cavalry, ... A, 16th Cavalry, .. D, 14Sth Infantry,. H, 143rd Infantry,. H, 143rd Infantry,. G, Sth Cavalry, ... I. 67th Infantry, . P, 2Sth Infantry, . F, 16th Cavalry, .. K, S7th Infantry, . G, 16th Cavalry, .. C, 114th Infantry,. A, 3rd Cavalry, ... C, Sth Cavalry, ... A, 61st Infantry, . I, 119th Infantry,. I, 93rd Infantry, . G, Sth Cavalry, ... E, 149th Infantry,. K, 20th Cavalry, .. K, 57th Infantry, . D, 17th Cavalry, .. A, 106th Infantry,. F, 46th Infantry, . H, 139th Infantry,. B, 67th Infantry, . E, S4th Infantry, . I. 61st Infantry, . H, 111th Infantry,. F, 90th Infantry, . C, S7th Infantry, . H, 56th Infantry, . B, 148th Infantry,. G, 4th Cavalry, ... K, 14Sth Infantry,. I, 61st Infantry, .. B, 121st Infantry,. I, 11th Infantry, . A, 143rd Infantry,. Dateof Death. Sept. 28, 1863 Ajiril 5. 1864 Jan. 4, 1864 Dec. 18, 1863 Mar. 20, 1864 Dec. 15, 1863 Sept. 13, 1863 Dec. 7, 1863 Dec. 6, 1863 Dec. SO, 1863 Jan. 8, 1863 Jan. 20, 1863 June 11. 1864 Jan. 29, 1864 Aug. 9. 1862 April SO, 1864 Mar. 4, 1864 Oct. 10, 1863 April 6, 1864 Dec. 21, 1863 June 11, 1864 Nov. 22, 1S63 Jan. 16, 1864 April 18, 1S64 June 11, 1864 Dec. 18, 1863 Dee. 26, 1864 Mar. 1, 1864 Feb. 14, 1S64 Jan. 15, 1864 Aug. 9, 1S62 April 30, 1864 Dec. 13, 1863 April 1, 1S64 Nov. 11, 1S63 Aug. 15, 1S62 Mar. 24, 1864 Mar. 8, 1864 April 13, 1S64 April 16, 1864 June 11 1864 Mar. 11 1864 Jan. 11 1864 Jan. 8 1S64 Aug. 22 1862 Dec. 22 1863 22 Pennsylvania at Culpeper. TABLET NO. 4. EAST FACE. Battles, Engagements and Skirmishes near Culpeper, Virginia, Participated in by Pennsylvania Troops. Aug. 8, 1862. Slaughter's House. Aug. 9, 1862. Cedar Mountain, Slaughter's Mountain or Cedar Run. Aug. 20, 1862. Brandy Station and Rappahannock Station. Aug. 21-23, 1862. Kelly's Ford, Rappahannock Station and Beverely Ford. Aug. 22, 1862. Freeman's Ford and Hazel Run. Aug. 24, 1862. White Sulphur Springs. Nov. 9, 1862. Rappahannock Station. Nov. 10, 1862. Corbin's Cross-Roads, near Amissville. March 17, 1863. Kelly's Ford. March 29, 1863. Kelly's Ford. April 29, 1863. Kelly's Ford. April 30, 1863. Racoon Ford. May 1, 1863. Rapidan Station. June 9, 1863. Stevensburg, Brandy Station and Beverely Ford. Aug. 1, 1863. Brandy Station. Aug. 4, 1863. Brandy Station. Aug. 5, 1863. Muddy Run. Aug. 9, 1863. Welford's Ford. Sept. 2, 1863. Oak Shade. Sept. 13, 1863. Culpeper Court House. Sept. 13, 1863. Brandy Station. Sept. 13-14, 1863. Rapidan Station. Sept. 13-17, 1863. Rappahannock to Rapidan. Sept. 14-16, 1863. Racoon Ford and Rapidan Station. Oct. 1, 1863. Culpeper Court House. Racoon Ford . Morton's Ford. Culpeper. Stevensburg. Brandy Station . JefTersonton . Oct. 12, 1863. Brandy Station. Nov. 7, 1863. Rappahannock Station. Nov. 7, 1863. Kelly's Ford. Nov. 8, 1863. Stevensburg. Nov. 8, 1863. Brandy Station. Nov. 26-27, 1863. Racoon Ford. Oct. 10, 1863. Oct. 10, 1863. Oct. 11, 1863. Oct. 11, 1863. Oct. 11, 1863. Oct. 12, 1863. Pennsylvania at Gulpeper. 23 DELAYS. After the signing of the contract, the work of verifying the names of the Pennsylvania soldiers interred in the Culpeper Na- tional Cemetery, to the satisfaction of the War Department proved very tedious, and there was considerable correspondence with the War Department as to the other inscriptions. Until the inscriptions were determined the four tablets could not be cast. After the cast was prepared, the Quarter Master General re- quired a rubbing impression to be submitted for approval. The contractor refused to move the monument from Westerly, Rhode Island, until the four bronze tablets were fitted in place at the quarry. When all these requirements had been met, the contractor be- gan in December, 1911, the transportation of the granite and erection of the monument at Culpeper. The winter proved so severe that the work on the erection had to be deferred to Spring of 1912. (24) The Dedication. (25) AN ACT Making an appropriation to defray the expenses incident to the dedication of the monument now being erected, under the pro- visions of an Act of Assembly, approved May thirteenth, one thousand nine hundred and nine, in the National Cemetery at Culpeper, Virginia, to the memory of the Pennsylvania Sol- diers buried therein. Whereas, The Auditor General ruled that the money appro- priated by Act of Assembly approved May thirteenth, one thou- sand nine hundred and nine, could only be used for the actual expenses of the Commission and the purchase and erection of the monument, and that no part thereof could be used for dedication expense ; and, Whereas, Said monument will be completed in the near future, therefore : Section 1. Be it enacted, &c, That the sum of twenty-five hundred dollars, or so much thereof as may be necessary, be and the same is hereby specifically appropriated to the Culpeper, Virginia, Monument Commission, for the. purpose of defraying the expenses incident to the dedication, on its completion, of the monument now being erected in the National Cemetery at Cul- peper, Virginia, to the memory of the Pennsylvania soldiers buried therein. Approved — The 14th day of June, A. D., 1911. JOHN K. TENER. (26) Governor John K. Tener, Who Dedicated the Monument. Pennsylvania at Culpeper. 27 PREPARATIONS FOR DEDICATION. When our Commission visited the War Department, the Quar- ter Master General, IJ. S. A., agreed to have all the 1,367 graves in the Culpeper National Cemetery decorated with small United States flags for the occasion of the dedication ; also to furnish four large Garrison U. S. flags for veiling the four faces of the monument and any other assistance that might be found neces- sary. Mr. C. O. Spence, Cemetery Clerk in the office volunteered to go to the Culpeper Cemetery to supervise the veiling of the monu- ment. This he did so handsomely that on the signal being given, Master Charles P. Redick was able to draw the flags from the four faces of the monument simultaneously and smoothly — the flags of the South and West front moving on a line to the South- west — the flags on the East and North fronts moving in a line to the Northeast. Our Commission are indebted to Captain C. F. Humphreys, and Major Normoyle, Mr. C. O. Spence and Superintendents of the National Cemetery, Major William L. Reppert and Lorenza V. Dow for many useful and friendly courtesies. 28 Pennsylvania at Culpeper. INVITATION. The Governor of the Commonwealth and the Culpeper, Va., Monument Commission, of Pennsylvania request the honor of your presence on Thursday, October seventeenth nineteen hundred and twelve at the Dedication of the Monument erected by the State of Pennsylvania in memory of the Pennsylvania Soldiers of the Civil War Interred in the National Cemetery at Culpeper, Va. John K. Tener, Governor. Pennsylvania Commission : S. W. HILL CHAS. H. WORMAN F. F. ROHM "O, CARRY ME BACK TO OLD VIRGINIA." HIS Excellency, Governor John K. Tener, havirjg designated October 17th as the day on which he would dedicate the monument erected in the National Cemetery at Culpeper, Va., to the memory of the Pennsylvania soldiers who lie buried there in known and unknown graves, the commission arranged with the Pennsylvania Railroad Company to have a special train ready at Harrisburg on the evening of the 16th, so that the Governor, his staff, and the invited guests could be transported to Culpeper. The assembled guests, after all being comfortably provided for, left at 12.05 a. m. and arrived safely in Washing- ton about seven o'clock that morning. As soon as the train ar- rived in Washington two dining cars of the Southern Railway Company were attached, the train immediately leaving for the South. Pennsylvania at Culpeper. 29 The morning was extremely cold, and heavy fog" hung over the Potomac, but just as we sat down to breakfast, while crossing the river, the sun came out in all her glory, dispelled the heavy atmosphere and revealed to us a beautiful day. How different it is today to the veterans in the party com- pared with fifty years ago, when they crossed that same river in the cold raw winter-time on their way to Fredericksburg. To- day they are sitting at a bountiful board and enjoying the best viands the season can afford ; a half century ago they entered what was then a land of strife and devastation with hostile pur- pose ; now they come bearing love and good will for their former adversaries. Today, everything is changed ; and Old Father Time with a wave of his magic wand has wiped away every tear and banished every sorrow engendered by a bitter Civil War. As we speed on we are all surprised by the changes that have occurred during half a century. Manassas Junction as we knew it then, containing a few tracks with a box-car for a station, is now a thriving town with all the conveniences of a city, and what recollections are awakened when we pass Bristow Station, War- renton Junction, now Calverton, Cattlet Station, Bealeton, dear old Bealeton, the place we always turned up at whenever there was no place else to go in '63, Rappahannock Station, upon our first acquaintance a barren waste, now the enterprising town of Remington. Who does not remember that sharp engagement in the fall of '63, when Russel's Division of the Sixth Corps met and eliminated Hay's Louisiana Brigade from the rolls of the army of Northern Virginia. But peace has her victories more lasting than war, instead of a downtrodden, war-ridden country covered with debris and wreckage of bivouacs and camps, you now behold fields of clover, shocks of white corn, vast expanses of agricultural and dairy farms. Today we cross the Rappahannock in splendid steel cars ; fifty years ago we went back and forth as best as we could, always fighting for the right of way. Ahead of us are the Plains of Brandy Station, or Fleetwood, where the memorable cavalry battle between General D. McM. Gregg and General J. E. B. Stuart took place in 'June, 1863. Everything lies peacefully be- fore us, and only those who were present can realize that one of the greatest cavalry battles of the war, was fought here, a battle 30 Pennsylvania at Culpeper. so fierce that friends and foes knew not whom they fought or behind which banner they charged. This was the beginning of the Gettysburg Campaign which ended not far from here across the Rapidan at Mine Run, and sent the Army of the Potomac into winter quarters in and around Culpeper. We have now reached our destination, the old colonial town of Culpeper, in wartime called "Culpeper Court House." The town folk have extended the hand of hospitality and have opened their portals for their Northern brothers ; the town is bedecked like a bride in the National colors, intermingled with flags of the Con- federacy, sentimental reminders of their lost cause. The Con- federate veterans under the leadership of the kindly and genial Virginian, Major H. C. Burrows are out in good numbers. Gov- ernor Tener was the center for all eyes, and with his imposing figure represented with dignity the great Commonwealth of Penn- sylvania. Those who desired were escorted about the town by a com- mittee on arrangements and shown its beautiful surroundings. At two o'clock the ceremonies commenced, and were carried through according to the program, the cemetery presenting a splendid appearance with every grave decorated with a small American flag. We were extremely sorry that Governor Mann could stay but a short time as an engagement in Boston com- pelled his early departure. His secretary, Mr. Ben Owen, Jr., worthily filled his place. At 5.20 p. m., after the ceremonies were over, we bade goodbye to the good old town and its inhabitants, richer in one more pleasant experience, with our kinsfolk dwelling South of the Mason-Dixon line. The Commission tenders its thanks to the citizens of Culpeper who graced our exercises with their presence, to the committee on arrangements, to Major H. C. Burrows and the A. P. Hill Camp of Confederate Veterans for their assistance, to the Com- pany of National Guards of Virginia commanded by Lieut. Nel- son Wampler, who fired three salvos at the end of the ceremony and whose trumpeter blew "lights out." Farewell, Virginia, where we spent some of the happiest and some of the saddest days of our youth. A benison on you, forever. Muster Chnrlea Cui-hcImI] Redick, Pittsburgh, Pn.. Win. Unveiled the M imenl Pennsylvania at Culpeper. 31 PROGRAM. Exercises at Dedication of the Monument erected by the State of Pennsylvania in memory of the Pennsylvania Soldiers of the Civil War interred in the National Cemetery, By Hon. John K. Tener Governor of Pennsylvania At Culpeper, Virginia, on Thursday Afternoon, October Seventeenth Nineteen Hundred and Twelve At Two O'clock. Pennsylvania Commission : S. W. HILL CHAS. H. WORMAN F. F. ROHM "Recorded honors gather 'round this Monument, and thicken over it. It is a solid fabric and will support the laurels that adorn it." Assembly , Bugler . Invocation, Rev. N. H. Holmes, D. D. Music, "Tenting on the Old Camp Ground," Mrs. J. Sharp McDonald, Miss Sylvia Rosensteel , Accompanist. Address of Welcome, Hon. Ben Owen, Jr. , Secretary to the Governor of Virginia . Address of Welcome on behalf of the Citizens of Culpeper, J. George Hiden, Esq. Response, John K. Tener, Governor of Pennsylvania . Music, Address and Transfer of Monument to Governor of Pennsylvania, S. W. Hill, Pres't of Commission. Unveiling of the Monument Master Charles Parschall Redick . 32 Pennsylvania at Culpeper. Music, "Star Spangled Banner," Mrs. J. Sharp McDonald and Audience. Reception of Monument and Transfer to U. S. Government, Thomas .1. Stewart, Adjutant General of Penna. Acceptance <>n behalf of the United States, Captain C. F. Humphrey, Jr., < v >. M. Dep't of U. S. Army. Music, America . (•ration, Hon. Chas. Howard Kline. State Senator of Pennsylvania. Music, "God Be With You Till We Meet Again." Benediction, Rev. N. H. Holmes, D. I). TAPS. Pennsylvania at Culpeper. <* : > Invocation Rev. N. II. 1 lohnes, i ). D. "O Thou, by whom we come to God, The Life the Truth, the Way; The path of prayer Thyself hast trod, Lord, teach us how to pray." So that we may have the help and guidance of the Holy Spirit in our endeavor to worship Thee, O Lord. For Thou hast been our dwelling place in all generations. Before the mountains were brought forth, or ever Thou hadst formed the earth and the world, even from everlasting to everlasting Thou art God, the God of our fathers and our God, our Father, who art in heaven. The occasion which has brought us hither today reminds us of God's dealings with his people in ancient times, when he led them forth into the land of promise; gave them the divine oracles, our Bible, and brought forth by them, His only begotten Son, Our Savior, who lived, suffered and died to make men holy. So also our comrades who sleep here and the hundred of thou- sands who sleep elsewhere, lived, suffered and died to make men free. For Thou, Almighty God, who changeth not didst also guide our fathers across the stormy ocean, and by Thy providence, di- rected their places of settlement, drew them together, into one people, inspired them to write the immortal Declaration, and by some one yet unknown to history, gave them our Glorious Banner with its holy message of man's right to Life, Liberty and the pur- suit of Happiness, shining forth from its every star and stripe. And now, O Lord God of Hosts, Heaven and Earth are full of Thy Glory, Glory be to Thee, O Lord most High. For by Thy providence and our comrades' valor, Thou hast united us again, one country, and one flag, by God's blessing, the mightiest agency in the world for the uplift of mankind. And now Our Father in heaven, we thank Thee for the sun which has been shining upon us all the way hither, for the very kindly greetings extended toward us all by the people of Cul- peper and vicinity, as also by the worthy Governor of the great State of Virginia, and for the many of the surrounding country 34 Pennsylvania at Culpeper. assembled with us here and by their presence giving" emphasis to our endeavor to pay honor to whom honor is due. In conclusion, we devoutly pray for Thy blessing to rest upon the great State of Pennsylvania, her worthy son, his Excellency, the Governor, and all that are associated with him in their dedi- catory services. Grant, we pray Thee, all needed wisdom to those who shall speak to us. Give them thoughts that breathe and words that burn into our hearts and abiding unselfish devo- tion to our glorious country and our precious flag. Grant us, O Lord, that as future generations shall gaze upon this beautiful monument, about to be dedicated, and others like it, scattered over the land or among the silent graves of their heroic Sires, they may be moved to vow and vow again, that they too, when need be, will prove faithful unto death to country and flag. For then will "Our banner float forever And its lustrous stars pale never, Till the stars shall pale on High." And to God the Father, and the Son, and Holy Ghost be all praise, now and forever. Amen. ADDRESS OF WELCOME ON BEHALF ( >F CITIZENS OF CULPEPER. J. George Bid en, Esq. GOVERNOR TENER, Gentlemen of Pennsylvania, Confeder- ate Veterans, Ladies and Gentlemen: The Slates of Penn- sylvania and Virginia have much in common. They are the daughters of the same mother. Virginia was settled in 1007 by the English Cavaliers, and Pennsylvania was colonized a few years later by William 1'enn and the English Quakers. The same blood Hows through the veins of the people of these two states. But one state separates us, and before the formation of the State of West Virginia; Virginia adjoined Pennsylvania. Through the trials of the colonies the men of Virginia and the men of Pennsylvania stood together as brothers. They fought Pennsylvania at Culpeper. 35 the Indian and French Wars together; they stood together for the independence of the Colonies, and as brothers they fought the War of the Revolution and the soil of Pennsylvania was watered with the blood of Virginia's sons long before the war ■between the States. We cannot forget that the Declaration of Independence was written at Pennsylvania by a son of Virginia ; we cannot forget that it was at Philadelphia that the independ- ence of the Colonies was first proclaimed ; and we cannot forget that the Liberty Bell was tolled by a son of Pennsylvania. The question of secession and slavery arose and the war be- tween the States commenced. Virginia believed in secession and slavery, and Pennsylvania believed in the union of the States and was anti-slavery. Pennsylvania went with the Northern States and Virginia gave her allegiance to the Southern cause. The men of both states were equally honest, upright, and con- scientious in their convictions, ^and the men of both states were equally as firmly convinced that the principles for which they fought were right. That war brought forward on both sides some of the bravest and noblest men the world has ever seen, and developed some of the greatest characters. The greatest character developed on the Southern side was Robert Edward Lee. There was for many years at Lexington, Virginia, an old body servant of General Lee's, who spent his last years in taking care of the grave of General Lee, and who was always ready and never got tired of talking of his old master. He said that on one occasion during the war, he happened to come across a courier getting his horse ready to go forward with some dispatch, and this courier was cursing everything and everybody. The old negro stopped and said, "Great Lord, man, what's the matter with you, what are you "cussing" so about?" The courier said, "General Lee has just given me this dispatch and told me to take it forty miles from here and it is snowing and hailing, the roads are impassible, the waters are all up and I can never make it ; and I don't know what General Lee is thinking about anyway to send a man out on such a night as this under such circumstances." Then the old negro lost his patience and said, "Of course, you don't know what General Lee is thinking about, let me tell you, man, if one of General Lee's ideas should accidently happen to get into that ?>G Pennsylvania at Gulpeper. little old head of "yourn" it would bust it wide open.)! Lee was great to his body servant, he was great to the men in the ranks, his captains said he was great, his generals knew he was great ; and today the world recognizes that he was great. The greatesl character developed on the Northern side was U. S. Grant, llis soldiers said he was great, his captains and his generals said he was great : and today the world recognizes that he was great. I le was brave, he was wise, he was noble, he was magnanimous. And 1 am here to tell you that when Lee and Grant clasped hands at Appomattox, there stood two of the greatest characters, two "I" the- greatest commanders, two of the greatest generals the world has ever produced ; and all history cannot show two grander armies than the two armies that stood behind these men. There were never men more devoted to principle, more courage- ous, more noble, more brave and more devoted to duty and their country than the men who composed these armies. The war is over ; nearly fifty years have elapsed since that conflict closed. The past is gone beyond recall; and the future is ours. We are glad again to stand with the men of Pennsyl- vania as brothers. We know no North, no South, no East, no West. Your Union is now our Union. Your country is our country. In the Spanish-American War the men of Pennsyl- vania and the men of Virginia again fought together as of old. and the first blood shed in that war was Southern blood. We need you men of Pennsylvania and you need us. This Republic was not founded by the fathers to last fifty years or a century, hut for all time. We are as yet hut an experiment. The eyes of the world are upon us, and it is for us. the men of Pennsylvania and the men of Virginia, and all true men to see that this Repub- lic adheres to the same high ideals, and is preserved Eor the same purposes which our forefathers established it. Jefferson said. "1 want to establish a republic where every kind of tyranny will he Forever banished from the minds of men, I want a republic where all men will he equal before the law." And we want to keep this country so free from all kinds of manufactured nobility that the SOT] of the poorest man in all the state can feel thai he may aspire to the highesl office. And in these days <»f greal wealth, greal combination of wealth. gr< at enterprises and corrupt practices on the part of main' of the people, we need the true men of I'eun Pennsylvania at Culpeper. 37 svlvania to help us keep the ship of state sailing along the lines the fathers intended, we need them to keep the republic true to the ideals of the fathers, and to preserve it as it was preserved by our forefathers and hand, it down to posterity as it was handed clown to us where every man will have an equal chance, and every true man who stands with us for this is our brother, every true man who will do this is my brother. We are glad to unite with you men of Pennsylvania in dedicat- ing yon beautiful monument to your brave men who fell on Cul- peper's soil and who lie buried here. We are glad to unite with von today in honoring them. The beautiful blue of our moun- tains welcomes you, the magnificent scenery of our country wel- comes you, and azure of our skies welcomes you, our hospitable homes welcome you, and thrice are you welcome to Culpeper. men of Pennsylvania. ADDRESS. Governor John K. Tener. MR. Chairman, Veterans of the Blue and Gray, Ladies and Gentlemen : We are gathered here today to perform a solemn duty, to designate by this monument the resting place of our dead, and to dedicate this spot to the memory of Pennsylvania's brave sons who here sacrificed their lives for a principle. * We come not in the spirit of a half century ago, when you were known as "Southerners" and we of Pennsylvania as "North- erners," with all the significance such terms of sectional distinc- tion implied, but rather do we come into your Commonwealth as neighbors upon a friendly mission, and joining you make a com- pany of Americans all, — happy now that we live a united people, serving one government and under one flag, therefore, let us not recite our losses nor our victories, but in a spirit of fraternal tenderness pay the tribute of our State to her steadfast sons who sleep beneath your soil, and as they peacefully rest, pillowed by a Nation's love, we will ever cherish the memory of their splendid manhood. They were soldiers tried and true. They died upon the altar of their country. 38 Pennsylvania at Culpeper. ADDRESS AND TRANSFER OF MONUMENT TO GOV- ERNOR OF PENNSYLVANIA. General S. W. Hill, President of Commission. What constitutes a State? Not strong fortresses — not great navies — not opulent cities, with great industries — these are but the properties of a great people. Powerful "dreadnoughts" are useless, unless manned and operated by resolute, courageous and skillful men. A people intelligent, industrious and courageous, who work for God and fellow men, will create a government and state — founded in wisdom, worth living for — worth fighting for. From the colonization times — the best efforts of grand states- men without number, who feared God and loved their fellow men, had been devoted to the work of creating a Government founded in righteousness, to promote the honor and welfare of family and society. God prospered their work with marvelous results that won the admiration of the world. For such a nation, men were willing to fight— bleed — and die in its defense. Men and women of that type made a nation great. Of this type are the men who fill the lonely graves in this cemetery, and the confederate cemetery a few hundred yards distant. Virginia and Pennsylvania were full of people of such noble type — pity they ever clashed. The paroles given at Appomattox by the Confederate soldiers were never broken, they fought gallantly when there was fight- ing to do, they fought gallantly until there was nothing left to light for; and then they recognized duty to family and home. I low well, how successfully, how gallantly, let these fertile farms, well stocked fields, prosperous homes, and happy families attest. where bloodshed and desolation reigned supreme. Peace hath its victories no less renowned than war. The blood of the Martyrs is the seed of the Church. These victims of the cruel war, the men who lie in the Confederate Qemetery, these 1,367 men from the Union States interred in this well kept National Cemetery, these 109 lads from Pennsyl- vania who never went home, whose graves we know, and write Pennsylvania at Culpeper. 39 upon our tablet, these 912 unknown graves that stir our hearts and bring unbidden tears, these monuments, these cemeteries, are and will continue our Nations best assets, dearer to the peo- ple, and of more priceless value than navies, railroads, commerce, palaces, universities or what else. These lowly mounds are God's bow of promise that in time of danger and distress, gallant men will be at hand to protect family and home. They are God's promise that there will always be champions to defend the truth, uphold our flag, and maintain our National existence. President Lincoln well expressed this in his Inaugural. "The mystic chords of memory stretching from every battle- field and patriot grave to every living heart and heartstone all over this broad land, will yet swell the chorus of the union, when again touched as surely they will be by the better Angels of our natures." As 109 Pennsylvania men of the 455 graves whose names are known, would give a ratio of 230 other Pennsylvania soldiers whose graves are unknown. These 1,367 dead were gathered from the numerous battlefields within 12 miles of Culpeper. They hesitated not when the sacrifice was called, we have lived to see the blessed fruition. "If the wind that sweeps over our prairies, No longer is solemn with knells, But lovely with flowers and fairies, And calm with sweet Sabbath bells, If virtue in cottage and palace Leads Love to the Altar of pride 'Tis because out of war's bitter chalice, Our heroes drank deeply and died." The 109 names of Pennsylvania have been verified by the records of the War Department as serving in Pennsylvania or- ganizations, and are inscribed on the West tablet. Our commis- sion at first proposed out of compliment to the Town of Cul- peper, for local history, to record on this monument all the battles and conflicts that occurred within 12 miles of Culpeper. Under the directions of the U. S. War Department we made the tablet record of 46 battles in this territory participated in by Pennsylvania troops. Hi Pennsylvania at Culpeper. From the munificence of the State of Pennsylvania! and the wisdom of my colleagues, we arc able to present this monument and ask you. Sir, to dedicate it, so that it shall proclaim to count- less posterity in the long future centuries that "1 Vnnsvlvania remembers with solemn pride her heroie sons who here repose in known and unknown graves. .May their sacrifices he an inspiration to the people and promote Civic Virtue, Love of Liberty, Peace, Prosperity and Happiness in all the States. "Dulce et Decorum est Pro Patria Mori." Convulsions of nature will not overturn it; its indestructible granite and enduring bronze will resist erosions of the tooth of time for many, many centuries. "Recorded honors gather 'round this monument, and thicken over it. It is a solid fabric am! will support the laurels that adorn it." ( )ur Commission present it to you as our finished work. RECEPTK )\ ( )!•' M< >NUMENT AND TRANSFER T( ) C. S. G< >VERNMENT. Thomas .1. Stewart, Adjutanl General <>f Pennsylvania. [APPRECIATE the honor thus suddenly thrust upon me of participation in the public exercises of this patriotic occasion, hut find myself without preparation for the discharge of the duty that devolves Upon me in transferring to the United States Government this memorial erected by the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, in tribute to her heroic sons who gave their lives for the unity and the perpetuity of the Republic. \ half century has passed since the tide of battle ebbed and flowed over the hills and fields around us, and it is most signi- ficant thai today the men of blue and grey — Confederate and General Thomas J. Stewart, Adjutant General, Win U. S. Government. Delivered the Monument to the Pennsylvania at Culpeper. 41 Union soldier — are here fraternizing as citizens of this Republic, whose life was the stake for which contending armies of Ameri- can soldiers fought in the fateful days of Civil War. The men who fought here, and those who fought on other fields, of that fateful period, by deeds of valor and unmatched achievement, gave to the martial history of the World glorious pages, and made enduring the fame of the American volunteer soldier. It is most assuring of our country's future, to find that the scars of that great conflict are smoothed out, the bitterness all gone, and today "Yank" and "Johnny" joining in equal fervor and sincerity in singing the Star Spangled Banner, and to note that the sweet and tender memories of the days now long gone bring the tears to the cheek of each alike. "Tenting Tonight On the Old Camp Ground," touches the heart of the true soldier, regardless of the uniform he wore, and recalls the days of war, with all the sacrifice, all the bereavement, all the young and promiseful lives that went out in the budding. This goodly company from Pennsylvania accompanying the Chief Executive, and made up in great part of the men of Penn- sylvania who hold aloft the flag of the Union, and the flag of their State in the fierce engagements around about this place, have journeyed today to Virginia, to pay their tribute of grati- tude and love to hero dead. They have placed their tribute in enduring form, and if it is given to the departed, as we believe it is, to visit places and scenes familiar, surely they aje here to- day in spirit form, and glad to know that they are not forgotten. We have placed our tribute where they fought, and in this city of the hero dead where they sleep, and looking out over their graves we recall the beautiful thoughts of the soldier poet who wrote : "Oh little mounds that mean so much, We compass what you teach, And our worst grossness feels the touch Of your uplifting speech. You fill us with the thoughts that flow Like Eucharistic wine, And by our holy dead we kiTow That life is still divine." 42 Pennsylvania ai Culpeper. Pennsylvania is within the gates of Virginia today on a pil- grimage of Patriotism and of peace and goodwill— not always welcome in Virginia, but gloriously welcome to-day. Let us as Americans be thankful for the blessings we enjoy, be grateful for the safety in our homes, the glory in our flag, and for the institutions that the soldiers and sailors of the Union saved from the consuming flame of war. As Americans, let our purpose, our efforts, our hopes, be for the growth and the glory of the Republic, and let us fondly hope that in the years to come, the men of the days to be may gather here to rehearse the story, and exult as we do now in the continued enjoyment of the bless- ings and the institutions established by the fathers, and saved by the blood and sacrifice of their sons. May this day and the cere- . mony in the fulness of its tribute to the devotion and valor of the American soldier, strengthen the bonds of unity between the people of Virginia and Pennsylvania, and keep the children of tiie future as brave as were their fathers, and may this monument so grandly eloquent in its splendid silence, be a message to poster- ity that will keep the men of the future free from National error and make them defenders of the flag and all it represents. And now in the presence of these soldiers living, you of both armies, we dedicate this memorial to Pennsylvania's heroic sons. We leave it in Virginia, confident no vandal hand will mar its beauty, leave it in the care of the Government, whose flag the soldiers buried here followed, and for whose perpetuity they gave their lives. May time and nature deal gently with it, and may the way- farer and the visitor to this place read in the tablets of bronze the story and the assurance that Pennsylvania forgets not her faithful dead. ACCEPTANCE ON BEHALF OF THE UNITED STATES. Captain C. F. Humphrey, Jr., Q. -M . Dep't. of the U. S. Army. A S representative of the United States on this occasion, I ac- cept the monument erected by Pennsylvania to her heroic sons who here repose in known and unknown graves. Senator Charles Howard Kline, Orator of the Day. Pennsylvania at Culpeper. 43 ADDRESS. Hun. Charles Howard Kline, State Senator of Pennsylvania. MR. President, Governor of the Commonwealth of Pennsyl- vania and Staff, Governor of the Commonwealth of Vir- ginia and Staff, members of the Commission and Ladies and Gentlemen : We are assembled here this day to pay the tribute of our respect to the loyal and patriotic sons of Pennsylvania who fought in this great valley between the Rapidan and Rappa- hannock and who died on the field of battle that Liberty might live and have an abiding place in the hearts of all mankind. For over a half century these brave and heroic sons of Penn- sylvania have been slumbering in known and unknown graves in this consecrated spot, consecrated by their own life's blood, for they laid down their lives as a willing sacrifice upon the altar of Freedom. They realized that they were the heirs of those brave men and women, who with brave and chivalric hands carried the torch of Independence from lands far across the seas, of those who rolled away the stone from the sepulcher where crucified and entombed liberty was slumbering, and it arose in all its might and strength to give courage to the downtrodden and persecuted of this fair land of ours. Yes, of those whom the Immortal Lincoln has said, "brought upon this Continent a new nation conceived in liberty and dedicated to the proposition that all men are equal" ; but let me add cradled in education, nurtured upon the true prin- ciples of democracy and warmed by the radiant sunbeams that emanates from Calvary's Holy Cross. They realized that there was committed to their care the funda- mental principles of government, that liberty should forever be looked upon, not as an American privilege, but as an eternal prin- ciple. That there could be no success without unification of effort, all working for the same common purpose and the same common end, the preservation and progress of our great and glorious nation. In the mad clash of civil dissension neither North nor South comprehended fully at first the moral and political problems in- volved in the greatest war drama of all history. Out of the re- markable leaven of patriotic fervor arose armies and navies ; it 44 Pennsylvania at Culpeper. begat statesmen and generals, it imparted to science and com- merce new impulses and in many respects the old things gave way to the new. Happily the ideals of government which were des- tined to prevail were those which these brave men had received from the fathers of the republic and successfully defended by them on many a blood stained field of battle, enlarging and en- riching the original heritage of representative government, giv- ing it new limitations and new boundaries, yet conserving the same fundamental principles inculcated by the founders of the American Commonwealth. When we look hack to those days the conclusion is irresistible, that hack of national interest there was the guiding hand of an all-wise Providence, which is ever getting the best out of each in and using it for the good of all. Their duty was to guard well the fundamental principles that government of the people and by the people is not a matter of theory only. To those of us who follow must be entrusted the sacred duty of defending those principles for which they stood — that the American govern- ment must ever be upheld as the highest form of organic democ- racy in which manhood shall be the test of citizenship. Today the sabre, which was once bright and keen, is rusted, the carbine hangs upon the wall; the revolver is covered with dust : the song of the bullet, the shriek of the shell, the rattle of musketry, are stilled in the blest era of peace. Where hatred and animosity prevailed; good fellowship reigns supreme, and thank God today we are united under one country, one flag and on,- destiny and th.it the highest goal of human endeavor. Have not their ambitions and dreams been realized? For Liberty and Union are commensurate with and inseparable from every acre of our verdant soil, and the stranger, I care not from whence he may come, whither from Killarney's lovely lakes, the flowery lands of France or whether an Italian or African Sun ha- poured down her hot rays upon him; the very moment he places his foot upon this Western Continent, he stands there re- deemed, regenerated and disenthralled by the irrestistible genius of universal emancipation, and this Moses of nations stands to- day upon the Western Continent clasping with outstretched hands cestUS of peace and waiving it over the Atlantic which in the past has been the greatest thoroughfare of the world*- commerce and Pennsylvania at Culpeper. 45 over the Pacific, that great ferry that will carry to and from our shores the blessings of the future and will confer upon our na- tion the commercial scepter of the seas. Throughout the whole civilized world there is a grand awaken- ing of the people, chains are being broken, old creeds are cring- ing-and crumbling into dust and quickened thought is bringing into existence a new ideal, the ideal of common humanity and this nation glorious in the strength of youth hastens to that noble conquest, not to enslave but to free, not to destroy but to up- build, not for conquest but for conscience. Let us hope that the day is not far distant when the armies and navies, the forts and barracks, will be but history and that the hostile peoples of this earth shall be wooed into the fond embrace of fraternal peace. Standing today 'mid the herald of a new and grander day, en- joying national peace and matchless prosperity, we are assembled here today to dedicate this monument erected by a grateful Com- monwealth, the State of Pennsylvania the Keystone in the Tri- umphal Arch of Constitutional American Liberty. Erected upon the soil of dear old Virginia, the home of the old Cavalier, whose men have been makers of history, and whose watchword this day is progress. The monument which we today dedicate, though beautiful in its proportions and workmanship, is of little intrinsic value, but who can estimate the cost to lay the foundation for its erection. As we look upon it we see and read much more than the simple and appropriate inscription it bears. It repre- sents great sacrifice, sacrifices so great that they cannot be com- puted. What a grateful and beautiful tribute of affection Pennsyl- vania has so generously erected in honor of her sons who fought for human liberty. The blood shed was her blood, the sacrifices made were her sacrifices and she has not forgotten them. It will stand long after we have passed away to speak with a persuasive voice to generations yet unborn, educating them in all that per- tains to the safety, prosperity and perpetuity of our country and inspiring them with an exalted patriotism and an unflinching courage in the defense of her magnificent institutions. Let it stand a perpetual memorial to those who defended Virtue, Liberty and Independence, the Holy Trinity of our State, which have been woven into a golden chain that has bound Humanity together and fastened the whole world at the feet of Cod. 4-0 Pennsylvania at Culpeper. BENEDICTION. Rev. X. II. Holmes, D. D., of Washington, D. C. "And now may the love of Clod, the grace of our Lord Jesus Christ, and the fellowship of the Holy Spirit he with us all ever- more. Amen." TAPS. GUESTS PRESENT FROM PENNSYLVANIA, WASHING- TON AM) VIRGINIA AT Till-; DEDICATION OF CULPEPER, VIRGINIA, MONUMENT. Pennsylvania Guests. Governor John K. Tener, Harrishurg. Adjutant General Thomas J. Stewart, Harrishurg. Brigadier General J. Lewis Good, Philadelphia. Colonel Fred Taylor Pusey, Lima, Delaware Co. Colonel Harry C. Trexler, Allentown. Colonel Horace Haldeman, Philadelphia. Colonel Howard Williams, Phoenixville. Colonel Joseph K. Weaver, Norristown. Colonel Frank Patterson, Pittsburgh. Lieut. Colonel Livingston Rausch, Harrishurg. Lieut. Colonel J. Warner Hutchins, Philadelphia. Lieut. Colonel Walter Bradley Philadelphia. Lieut. Colonel John R. Wiggins, Philadelphia. Lieut. Colonel Andrew Berger, Pittshurgh. Lieut. Colonel Samuel D. Foster, Harrishurg. Sergt. William L. Hicks, Harrishurg. Sergt. Leo \. Lnttringer, Harrishurg. Walter ( iaither, Secretary to Governor Tener. I Ion. William I lert/.ler, Deputy Secretary of State, Port Royal. Marry S. McDevitt, Assistant Executive Controller, Philadel- phia. Archibald Millar, Secretary, Railroad Commission. Harris- burg. Thomas McD. Jones. Independent, Harrishurg. General John K. Robinson, !<>th Pa. Cavalry, Mifflintown. Pennsylvania at Culpeper. 47 Captain John C. Delaney, 107th Pa. Vol., Harrisburg. Captain Ed. Dunn, 16th Pa. Cavalry., Connellsville. Captain Joseph Matchette, 46th Pa. Vol., Catasauqua. Captain T. C. Reynolds, 105th Pa. Vol., Reynoldsville. C. E. Humphreys, M. D., 143rd Pa. Vol., Bethlehem. Chas. M. Washburn. 5th Pa. Res., Roaring Branch. John B. Patrick, 97th Pa. Vol., Clarion. William E. Lewis, 16th Pa. Cavalry, Harrisburg. Geo. W. Rhoads, 28th Pa. Vol., Herndon. Edwin W. Pearce 107th Pa. Vol., Scranton. Mr. E. C. Dewey, Clearfield. Mr. James O. Knauss, Allentown. Miss Pauline Rohm, Harrisburg. Miss Dorothy Rohm, Harrisburg. Mr. Joseph Boyd, U. S. Military Telegraph Corps, Pittsburgh. William T. Bradbury, 139th Pa. Vol.; Pittsburgh. John A. Fairman, Knap's Battery, Pittsburgh. W. T. Powell, 78th Pa. Vol., Pittsburgh. |. K. Campbell, 9th Pa. Res., Pittsburgh. Hon. J. Denny O'Neil, Pittsburgh. Hon. S. J. Toole, Pittsburgh. J. Porter Phipps, 16th Pa. Cavalry, Pittsburgh. J. K. Burnett, Tri-State News Co., Pittsburgh. Hon. R. J. Cunningham, Allegheny County Controller, Pitts- burgh. Hon. Chas. E. McKenna, 155th Pa. Vol., Pittsburgh. Mr. Chas. Reppert, Pittsburgh. Senator Chas. PI. Kline, Pittsburgh. Senator Henry Cooper, Bellevue. Representative James F. Woodward, McKeesport. Representative David Hardy, McKeesport. S. H. Tohnson, jr., M. D., Pittsburgh. Hon. Stephen Porter, U. S. Rep. 29th Dist., Pittsburgh. Captain Thomas J. Hamilton, 28th Pa. Vol., Pittsburgh. William D. McGill and wife, Pittsburgh. Mrs. S. W. Hill, Bellevue. Mrs. J. Sharp McDonald, Sewickley. Miss Sylvia Rosensteel, Sewickley. Master Chas. Parschall Redick, Pittsburgh, Pa. Guests present from Washington, D. C. John McElroy, 16th 111. Cavalry, National Tribune, Wash- ington, D. C. Lawerence Wilson, M. D., 7th Ohio Vol., Pension Dept., Wash- ington, D. C. Rev. N.'H. Holmes, Berdan Sharp Shooters, U. S. V., Wash- ington, D. C. is Pennsylvania ld Virginia as 1 would have had the pleasure of meeting many of my comrades and friends and also the pleasure of viewing old Bealeton Station where we spent so many happy days. Again I thank you for your kind invitation and hope you will have a glorious old time. Remember me to all my old comrades. 1 trust this will find you enjoying the West of health. I am as e\ er, Yours very truly, J. C. ROBINS* >N. Pennsylvania at Culpeper. 51 Dear Sir : Your kind invitation to be present at the unveiling and dedica- tion of the Culpeper Monument duly received but business pre- vents the writer from being present. 1 want to thank you most heartily for the remembrance and hope that you will have a pleasant day for the exercises, and that they will be carried out with satisfaction to the commission and honor to the State. Thanking you again, I beg to remain, Yours sincerely W. S. MARTIN, General Manager, Smith Granite Co. My dear Sir : I am this day in receipt of your invitation to be present at the dedication of the monument erected by the State of Pennsylvania to her soldiers interred in the National Cemetery at Culpeper, Va., on the 9th current month. I thank you heartily for the honor in being invited to attend this most worthy occasion, and regret to say it will be impossible for me to attend. I am deeply interested in this monument, and enjoy the distinction of being the father of the bill making the appropriation, confederate veteran that I am, it was one of the greatest pleasures of my life to put the ball in motion to such a happy consummation. Remotely I had hoped to be present and deliver a ten minutes address upon the occasion, having had it intimated that such would be the case. However, my heart is with you and your associates in this noble work, and say to my friends present from Pittsburgh : Let us remember the glory of achievement and simple grand- eur of character of the fast departing veteran, do honor to the living and pluck from the perfumed gardens of memory a few random roses for the soldier, who died for his country ; and in the sanctity of a nation's love, in recognition of that Divine emanation from the throne of God to the soul of man, which makes us feel our fellow man our brother, in the broad character of Him who commanded that we love one another, who glorified the doctrines of forgivenness and love, let us honor and cherish the memory of the American soldier who fought for what he thought was right, whether he wore the blue or whether he wore the grey, there is glory enough for all, for we are Americans. I am. Very respectfully, F. M. BURROWS. 52 Pennsylvania at Culpeper. EXTRACT ERi >.\1 THE NATIONAL TRIBUNE, WASHING- T< )N, D. C. Jcilin McElroy, Editor. Pennsylvania at Culpepet;. — A Splendid tribute to the dead of the Kevstone Commonwealth. There is something splendidly strong and substantial about everything that Pennsylvania does. There was very little of the showy and spectacular about her regiments during the war. as (here is about her National Guard regiments today. They were strictly lighting organizations with everything subordinated to the main purpose of making the regiment a tremendous machine. The monument dedicated last week at Culpeper, \'a., to the Pennsylvanians who died in the many battles immediately around that strategic point is thoroughly characteristic of Pennsylvania. It is a magnificent pile of roughly hewn granite as imposing and enduring as the hills and mountains of the Rappahannock which overlook it. It will speak forever of the unostentatious but in- vincible strength and solidity of the people who have made the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania one of the greatest communities in the whole world. While the granite is massive and rough hewn, yet it shows an opulence of expenditure far exceeding that of an aggregate of many showier monuments. It is overpower- ing in size, surmounted by a huge ball of finely polished granite, and its four sides are embellished by bronze tablets bearing the arms of Pennsylvania, an inscription to the gallant patriots who sleep there, and a full list of the known dead. Equally good taste was shown in the selection of the day for dedication, Thursday, ( >ctober 17th. was as perfect a day as Vir- ginia \utumn can afford. Virginia can set up as line Fall weather as the earth affords. Governor Tener, of Pennsylvania, came from Harrisburg on a special train with his staff and some 100 or more veterans. I le was met at Culpeper by a delegation of citizens, and the town was dec-orated with American flags in honor of the guests and the occasion. Governor Mann, of Virginia, arrived with some of his official family by another train, and extended the greet- ings of the Commonwealth of Virginia to her sister Common- wealth of Pennsylvania. IT'.' National Guard of Virginia was represented by the fam- ous Culpeper Guards, an organization more than a century old. and which has taken part as a body in every war in which the Pennsylvania at Culpeper. 53 country has engaged. It is a fine corps of young men, admirably drilled and commanded by Captain Slaughter, a grand-nephew of the owner of Slaughter Mountain, one of the names for the battle of Cedar Mountain, and also a grand-nephew of General Slaughter, who was prominent in the Confederate army. The exercises began at 2 o'clock in the beautiful grounds of the National Cemetery, with a feeling invocation by Rev. N. H. Holmes, D. D., Chaplain of the Department of the Potomac. Mrs. J. Sharp McDonald, who is an honorary member of Post 3, Pittsburgh, and admired and beloved by all the comrades of the city, who call her "Comrade Bob" sang "Tenting on the Old Camp Ground" in a feeling way that brought tears to the eyes of all, the old Confederates present being among those most moved. Governor William Plodges Mann of Virginia, had to leave on an early train to fill engagements at Boston, and his Secretary, Mr. Owens, delivered an address of welcome. Mr. W. George Hiden made an address of welcome on behalf of the citi- zens of Culpeper. Governor Tener responded briefly but happily for the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, Col. S. W. Hill, Presi- dent of the Commission, then delivered the monument to the Governor of Pennsylvania, when it was unveiled by Master Charles P. Redick. "Comrade Bob" and the audience then sang "The Star Spangled Banner" with feeling and enthusiasm. Governor Tener received the monument, and transferred it to a United States officer on behalf of the Government. Hon. Charles How- ard Kline, State Senator of Pennsylvania, made an excellent address, and General Thomas Stewart, who was present as the head of the Governor's staff, made a brief address of matchless oration and feeling. Though General Stewart was unprepared he could not have done better had he elaborated his speech for weeks. He was given the warmest congratulations by all who heard him. "Comrade Bob" sang "God be with you till we meet again," and the Rev. Dr. Holmes delivered the benediction. Too much credit cannot be given to the Pennsylvania Commis- sion, consisting of Comrades S. W. Hill, Chas. H. Worman, F. F. Rohm. They were highly complimented by the Governor for their good work, and deserved all that they received. The monument is a magnificent work of art, worthy of the State and her soldiers, and all the arrangements for its dedication were carried forward with exactness and success. Comrade Hill's address was in admirable taste and well delivered. 54 Pennsylvania at Culpeper, EXTRACT FROM THE TIMES-DISPATCH, RICHMOND, VA. Federal Monument at Culpeper. Culpeper, Ya., October 26. — Governor John K. Tener, with his entire staff and a number of prominent officials and Federal vet- erans of the State of Pennsylvania were in Culpeper, Thursday of last week and took part in the impressive exercises which marked the unveiling of the monument erected by the State of Pennsylvania in memory of the Pennsylvania soldiers of the Civil War who are interred in the National Cemetery here. Governor William Hodges Mann was also present during the morning, but on account of an engagement to speak in Boston, Mass., on Fri- day, had to leave before the exercises began. He was repre- sented by his private secretary, Ben. P. Owen, of Richmond. The A. P. Hill Camp of Confederate veterans, which had enter- tained the visiting veterans at lunch in the Masonic Hall, at- tended in a body as did the Culpeper Minute Men, whose bugler sounded "assembly" and "Taps." The program opened with prayer by Rev. N. H. Holmes, D. D., himself a veteran of the First Battalion of New York Sharp Shooters, who was in Cul- peper during the sixties. This was followed by "Tenting on the ( >ld Camp Ground," sung by Mrs. J. Sharp McDonald, of Pittsburgh, who also sang several other patriotic songs during the program; "The Star Spangled Banner" and "My Country 'Tis of Thee" being among the number. In the last the whole audience joined in. Ben. P. Owen, who acted on behalf of Gover- nor Mann, made the address of welcome on behalf of Virginia. Attorney J. George Fliden followed with an address of welcome on behalf of the citizens of Culpeper, Governor Tener making the response to the two speeches. The president of the Monu- ment Commission, S. W. Hill, then made the transfer of the monument to the State of Pennsylvania, and the shaft was un- veiled by Master Charles P. Redick, of Pittsburgh, who pulled the cord making the four United States flags, that until then bad been draping the tall shaft, float away to two nearby trees. The monument is a massive one of granite, surmounted by a dome, and has upon it the seal of the State of Pennsylvania and an appropriate inscription to the known and unknown dead, whom it commemorates. There is also the record of the thirty- seven engagements on Culpeper soil in which Pennsylvania troops were engaged, and a list of names of the dead as far as known. Pennsylvania at Culpeper. 55 Adjutant General Stewart, of Pennsylvania made a stirring speech in his acceptance of the monument for the State of Penn- sylvania, and was frequently applauded, especially in his account of personal experiences in Culpeper on his "other visit here, dur- ing- the sixties." He transferred the monument to the United States Government. Captain C. F. Humphrey, of the War De- partment, acting on behalf of the Secretary of War, made a brief and gracious speech of acceptance. State Senator Charles How- ard Kline closed the program with a speech in which he made special mention of the kindness and courtesy the whole party from the North had received in Culpeper, and of their apprecia- tion of the same. EXTRACT FROM THE CULPEPER, VIRGINIA, EXPONENT. Rufus G. Roberts, General Manager. Governors Tener and Mann Attend Dedication. — Exercises in National Cemetery here Yesterday When Monument is Unveiled. The exercises at the dedication of the handsome Monument erected by the State of Pennsylvania in memory of the Pennsyl- vania soldiers of the Civil War interred in the National Cemetery here, commenced at 2 P. M. yesterday. The cemetery under the care of Major Lorenzo Dow, was beautifully decorated for the occasion, a U. S. flag adorning every grave, the monument being veiled with four large "Old Glories." Governor John K. Tener of Pennsylvania, and a party of about seventy veterans and members of his staff, arrived on a special train in the morning. Governor Wm. Hodges Mann, of Virginia, and his secretary, Mr. Ben Owen, Jr., also arrived yesterday morning. The address of" welcome on behalf of Virginia was made by Mr. Owen. The address of welcome on behalf of the citizens of Culpeper was made by J. G. Hiden, Esq., and Governor Tener responded to the address of the two Virginians. The A. P. Hill Camp Confederate Veterans and the Culpeper Minute Men each attended the exercises in a body. 56 Pennsylvania at Culpeper. The monument, costing about $12,000 cqmplete, bears the fol- lowing inscription : Pennsylvania Remembers with solemn pride Her heroic Sons Who here repose in Known and unknown graves May their sacrifices be An inspiration to the people and promote Civic Virtue, Love of Liberty, Peace, Prosperity And I happiness in all the states. "I >ulce el decorum est Pro patria mori." EXTRACT FROM Till': CULPLPKR KXTKRPR1SL. J. T. W ampler, Editor. Unveiling and Dedication of the Pennsylvania Monument. Thursday, the 17th, a special train bearing the Governor, his staff and a goodly number of prominent sons of the Keystone State arrived at Culpeper at 10 A. M. The party was me1 at the depot by an outpouring of our people under the leadership of Culpeper's Reception Committee, of which ex-Mayor Burrows was Chairman. Members of the party were driven in automo- biles around town, others preferred to walk leisurely and survey our beautiful little city. At two o'clock at the National Ceme- tery, around the massive monument was gathered at least one thousand citizens of Culpeper, who attested by their presence, a heart} welcome to their one time enemies. The exercises were opened with prayer by Rev. Dr. N. II. Holmes. He was fol- lowed by the sweet singer Mrs. J. Sharp McDonald, who sang "Tenting on the ( >ld ('amp Ground." Col. Owen, Cow Mann's private secretary, made the address of welcome for the Governor. Attorney J. G. Hiden welcomed the visitors on behalf of the citi- zens (if Culpeper. Gov. Tener, of Pennsylvania, responded to the cordial welcome extended alike by the Mother of States and her child, the town of Culpeper. The monument was then un- veiled, and presented '<> the Governor of Pennsylvania, who in turn transferred it to the C S. Government. Adj. General Stewart made the presentation address which proved the feature of the occasion. Pennsylvania at Gulpeper. 57 General Stewart is a veteran of the Civil War, and like most brave men, he appreciates the valor of those who opposed him on the field of battle. His remarks were eulogistic of his one time foes, and he expressed his appreciation of the loyal welcome the Southland now extends to those who live north of Mason and Dixons line. In fact the speakers convinced their hearers that the spirit of universal brotherhood permeates throughout our united country. That sectionalism has given away under the pressure of fraternal fellowship. The unveiling was a happy occasion. Mrs. J. Sharp McDonald is due special mention, hers was the most attractive and enjoyable feature of the interesting occasion. Her sweet voice will long be remembered by the people of Cul- peper. Another feature of the unveiling which greatly pleased our people was the presence of Dr. Laurence Wilson, of Washington, D. C. The doctor has many friends in Culpeper who look for his presence on all such occasions and would be greatly disappointed if they failed to see his familiar figure. There was but one disappointment during the entire trip. It was the inability of Hon. W. Hodges Mann, Governor of Vir- ginia, to remain at Culpeper to participate in the dedicatory exercises. He arrived from Richmond a few minutes after the Pennsylvania Special had taken the siding and in the style that has characterized the Old Dominion for its unstinted hospitality bade the visitors a hearty welcome to his native heath. After lunching with his guest, Governor Tener, the Chief Executive left for the North to keep a previous engagement. Hon. Ben Owen, Jr., private secretary to Governor Mann, was deputized to speak in his stead. With the oratory of a Southern gentleman he carried his listeners back to the early days of this country, dwelled upon the trials and tribulations of his state and nation and in conclusion elucidated upon the Keystone state and extended the felicitations of his fellow citizens to their visitors. 58 Pennsylvania at Oulpeper THE CULPEPER, VIRGINIA, M< >NUMENT C< >MMISS1GN ( >F PENNSYLVAN1 \. In account with the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. Dr. lulv IS. 1910, To warrant $59 45 April 13. 1910, "' " 73 30 Max 25,1910, " " 138 20 Aug. 3.1910, " " 97 72 April 11.1911, " " 68 34 lune 5,1911, " " 14 30 Oct. is. ion, » " 22 04 Dec. 6,1911, " " 7 05 May 17.1912, " " 96 58 lulv 11,1912, " " 19 85 An-. 5.1912, " " 53 14 Sq'.t. 27,1912, " " 7,006 65 Oct. 3,1912, " " '»'' 43 < let. 16,1912, " " 49 82 Nov. 25,1012, " 150 60 Cr. By vouchers hied : Expenses of Commissioners. ... Advertising for proposals Printing invitations etc Photos, Water Color drawing, etc. Sundries, postage, express, legal, telegrams, phone service, etc., . Smith Granite Company Soil 48 69 45 82 90 43 25 109 39 7,000 00 $7.«>26 47 $7,926 47 pended balance of appropriation, $73.53. C1IAS. II. W< >KA1.\.\. Treasurer. Pennsylvania at Culpeper. 59 APPENDIX. The names of the soldiers of the 46th and 111th Penna. Vol. Infantry who were killed in the Battle of Cedar Mountain, Va., Aug. 9th, 1862, or died of their wounds shortly afterwards are appended here. They fill some of the unknown graves in the Culpeper National Cemetery. The Q. M. General's Department, U. S. A., in charge of National Cemetery refused to have their names inscribed on the monument because they could not be identified. — The Commission. Forty-Sixth Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry. Members of this regiment killed at the battle of Cedar Moun- tain, Va., and buried on the field in unknown graves, Aug. 9th, 1862. Company A. Scott, William T., Corporal. Baker, Ephraim, Private. Cowden, William, Private. Hillins, Henry, Priyate. Spiece, William, Private. Company B. Rollings, Henry, Private. Sende, Henry B., Private. Company C. Wilson, Robert, Second Lieutenant. Brown, Wallace, Private. Bellis, William, Private. Richard, John A., Private, died of wounds received in action, August 9th, 1862. Weisman, Lewis, Private. CO Pennsylvania urrellj G o., Sergt. Lyne, Thomas, died of wounds received at Cedar Mountain, Va. Company E. Jones, Samuel E., Private. St. Clair, John R., Private Houk, Augustus, Private. Wiler, Gottfried, Private. Wentzel, Amos, Private. Company F. Campbell, James 11., Private. Davis, James, Private. Stealer, William, Private. Company G. Robbins, William, died of wounds, August 17th, 1802, received at ( edar Mountain, Va. McDermott, Patrick, killed. Welsh. Charles, killed. Company II. Baker, David B., Private. 1 )eramir, John I '., Private. Yoeman, Lewis II., Private. Company I — None. Company K. Caldwell, William P., 1st Lieut, i laas, James 1 1., Private. Coder, John A., died of wounds received at (edar Mountain, September 19th, L862, Pennsylvania