Inmtructor LHoraiurt) SeHca — No, S'JI F 606 S62 Copy 1 LTJI iTOKIES OT THT. ST A TKS MINNESOTA ^y Hubert M. Sf^inner prni i».iun joisti y n\ F. A. OWKN Pr». CO.. Dansvlllc, N. Y. HAM. A McCREARY. Chicago. III. INSTRUCTOR LITERATURE SERIES Supplementary Readers and Five-Cent Classics A series of little books coiitaiiiiiig material needed for Supplementary Reading and Study, Classified and Graded. Large type for lower grades. l^ff~ This list is constanilv being added to. If a substantial number of books are to be ordered, or if other titles than those shown here are desired, send for latest list. FIRST YEAR Fables and Myths Fairy Stories o f the Moon. — 71/a^Mj>< 27 ^4isop's Fables— Part 1—Reiter 2S ^Csop'S Fables— Part ll—Jieiter 29 Indian Myths — Bush 140 Nursery Tales — Taylor Nature 1 I.ittle Plant People— Part I— Chase 2 Little Plant People— Part ll~Chase 30 Storv of a Sunbeam — Miller 31 Kitty Mittens and Her Friends — Chase History 32 Patriotic Stories (Story of the Flag, Story of Washington, etc.) — Reiter Literature 104 Motlier Goose Reader J28 First Term Primer — Maguire 230 Rhyme and Jingle Reader for Beginners SECOND YEAR Fables and iVIyths 33 Stories from Andersen — Taylor 34 Stories from Grimm — Taylor 36 I.iltle Red Riding \ioo<\— Reiter 37 Jack and the lieanstalk — Reiter 35 Adventures of a Brownie — Reiter Nature 3.1^ittle Workers (Animal Stories) — Chase 3g Little Wood Friends — Mayne 40 Wings and Stings — Halifax 41 Story of Wool — Mayne 42 Bird Stories from the Poets— follie History and Biography 43 Story of the Mayflower — McCabe 45 Boyhood of Washington — Reiter 204 Boyhood of Lincoln — Reiter Literature and Art 72 Bow-Wow and Mew-Mew — Craik i;2 Child's Garden of Verses — Stevenson 206 Picture Study Stories for Little Children — Cranston 210 Story of the Christ Child — Hushower 290 Fuzz in Japan- A Child-Life Reader — Maguire THIRD YEAR Fables and Myths 4(1 Puss in Boots and Cinderella — Reiter 47 Greek Myths — Klingensmith 48 Nature V\.yVa%— Metcalfe 50 Reynard the Fox — Best 102 Tlinmbelina and Dream Stories — Reiter 146 Sleeping Beautv and Other Stories 174 Sun "Myt\\s— Reiter 175 Norse JLegends 1—Reiter 1T6 Norse Legends, W— Reiter 177 Legends of the Kh'neXa.wiX—McCabe 2S2 Siegfried the Lorelei and Other Rhine I,egetiils — McCabe Ns ture and Industry 49 Hufls, Stems and Fruits — Mavnr 51 Sto'v of Flax— .1/<7V"<' August. lOld. 52 Story of Glass — Hanson 53 Adventures of a Little Walerdrop — Mayne 135 Little People of the Hills (Dry Air and Ury Soil Plants)— Ozw.-c 203 Little Plant People of the Waterways- Chase 133 Aunt Martha's Corner Cupboard — Part I. Story of Tea and the leacr.p 137 Aunt ISIartha's Corner Cnpbcard — Part II. Story of Sugar, Coflee and Salt. 138 Aunt Martha's Corner Cupboard— Part III. Story of Rice, Currants and Honey History and Biography 4 Story of Washington — Reiter 7 Story of Longfellow — McCabe 21 Story of the Pilgrims— A'arri 44 Famous Early Americans (Smith, Stan- dish, Peuii) — Bush 54 Story of Columbus — McCabe 55 Story of Whittier— /i/c''aA« 57 Story of Louisa M. Alcott— ^«5A 58 Story of Alice and Phoebe Cary — McFee 59 Story of the Boston Tea Party -McLabe 60 C lildreu of the Northland — Bush 62 Childrenof the South Lauds, I (Florida, Cuba, Puerto Rico) — McFee 63 Children of the South I,auds, II (Africa Hawaii, The Philippines)— ii;c/"(V 64 Child Life in the Colonies- 1 (New Amsterdam) — Baker 65 Child Life in the Colonies — II (Pennsyl- vania) -Baker 66 Child Life in the Colonies— III (Virgin- ia) — Baker 68 Stories of the Revolution— I (Kthan Allen and the Gieeu Mountain Boys) 69 Stories of the Revolution— II (Arouml Philadelphia) — McCabe 70 Stories of the Revolution- III (Marion, the Swamp Fox) — McCabe 132 Storv of Franklin — j'^uj/i 164 The Little Brown Baby and Other Babies 165 Gemila, tlie Child o'f the Desert and Some of Her Sisters 166 Louise on the R^iiue and in Her New Home. (Nns. 164, 16%, 166 ate "Seven Little Sisiejy" by fane Andi eirs) i6-j Famous Artists, I — Landseer ami Bon- heur. Literature 35 Goody Two-Shoes 67 Story'of Robinson Crusoe — Bush 71 Selections from Hiawatha(For 3rd, 4th, 5th and 6th Grades) 233 Poems Worth Knowing-Book I-Primary FOURTH YEAR Nature and Industry 75 Story of Coal — McKane 76 Story of Wheat— //a///aj: 77 Story of Cotton— /?>or/'« 134 Conquests of Little Plant People- Chase Continued on third covei I N > r K I (.• 1 • ) R L 1 11. R A 1 I K i: M . R 1 l.S The Story of Minnesota Bv Hithcrt M. Skinner I'tHI.ISHKI) JOINTLY BY F. A. OWKX riH. CO., Dansvillk, N. Y. HAI.L .^- McCHKARY, CHICAGO, III. i. 't^Ytlghl, /jtl. .*v /•. .i. Ou-f» I'MHiiking i'lim/'iit r^oc Copyright, 1913, by F. A, OWEN PUBLISHING CO. 0)CI,A357874 The Story of Minnesota GeoKraphy and Natural Features The State of MmiRi.i)ta is calk-d, uii its shitltl, "The Star of the North," though the words, as written, ap- pear in French, thus: "L 'Etoilc dii Snrd." Since every State is represented by a separate star in our nation's flag, it is natural to speak of States, sometimes, as "stars;" and of all the States, Minnesota projects farthest to the north. In fact, it includes part of a peninsula away up in the I^ke of the Woods, which singular fact calls for an explanation. When our nation made peace with Great Britain at the close of the Revolutionary War, it was agreed that the Mississippi should be our western boundary all the way up to our northern boundary. But it was found, later, that the Mississippi did not extend so far north. Hence the western boundarv' was pieced out by an imaginary line running northwartl from the .source of the river into the lake mentioned, cutting off for us an odd piece of land which we cannot reach except by boat, un- less we pass through .some of the Canadian land. It was proper that the motto on Minnesota's shiehl .should be written in French, for that was practically the only KurojK'an language u.sed in this region in the seven- teenth and eighteenth centuries, and the words recall to mind the arduous labr)rs and grrat services of brave French explorers, niissi«»nari<'s. and tray riatun-. and its 4 THE STORY OF MINNESOTA scenes attracted the painter, the poet, and the scientist before they were brought to the attention of the home- seeker. The Falls of St. Anthony possessed a wild beauty in the days before an artificial slide was made for their waters, for power purposes. The cascade near Ft. Snelling needed no help of art to render it charming. Maiden Rock would be interesting, even if its pathetic story were wanting. So numerous are the clear blue lakes of Minnesota that a single cluster of them received from the early explorers the French name Mille Lacs (a thousand lakes). The State has. set off for a state park a tract of thirty-five square miles, including Lake Itasca, and will doubtless make a similar use of some of the remarkably beautiful "Dalles" of the St. Croix, in the vicinity of St. Paul. The prairie of red pipestone, which supplied the ma- terial for the calumets of untold generations of braves, is another notable feature of the state. The Inyan Bos'ndata, near the town of Castle Rock, has been suf- fered to fall in ruin ; for its weird turret dropped to the plain, many years ago, through neglect, when it might have been preserved. Carver's Cave will never lose its interest. The exhilarating ozone breathed in Minnesota, the clear skies, the dryness of the atmosphere, and the varied scenery presented to the eye are all remembered by the visitor from other parts of the country, and are a source of pride to the citizens of the commonwealth. Some Early Explorers The written story of Minnesota begins with the forma- tion of a company of Frenchmen to trade in furs in the region south and west of Lake Superior. This was in ^678. The leading spirit in this enterprise was Daniel Graysolon Duluth, who for some time resided in a small palisade, or fort, of logs on the shore of Chequamegon THI-: STORY <'F MINNKSnT \ :; Bay. For many years Wwrv liatl been laniest 1-n luli missionaries on the Wisconsin sliore of Lake Superior, and French explorers and traders had sought to extend ever further westward and south wan! the power of New France, as Canada was then, called. But the fierce Sioux Indians of Minnesota were not kindly disposed either to the French or to the native Indians to the eastward. One of the missionaries. Father Jacques .Nhuquette, who came to the mission at Keweenaw Bay in 1669. was soon compelled to retire, with his Indian friends of that region, eastward along the Northern Peninsula of Miclii- gan, to Mackinac. Duluth, however, succeeded where others would have failed, and exerted a remarkable influence over the fierce and warlike Sioux. There was this bond of sympathy between tlu'm. Although a Frenchman, he was no friend or champion of the French officers who governed New France in the name of the great French king. He had no licens(» from those officers to trade with the Indians, and trading without license was in violation of law. He had no relatives or powerful friends at court. He was liable to arrest and imprisomnent at the hands of the French officers on the St. Lawrence. Perhaps he argued to himself that he was beyond their lawful jurisdiction, for he had passed beyond the regions that had been officially explored by the agents of the king. He belonged to a class of men widely known at the time as forest rangers (coureurs dn hois), who, outlaws as they were, occasionally rendered great service to their countr>'men and to their sovereign, much as Robin Ho(k1, in the stories told, came to the relief of his king. Duluth had for able attendants other forest rangers — forceful men like him.self ; and they .seem to have recognized his leadership and to have worked with him without any friction. 6 THE STORY OF MINNESOTA In 1679 Duluth held a council with the Sioux. Prob- ably he was the only white man that many of them had ever seen, and the first that ever came to Minnesota. His council was held at a point near the site of the city which now bears his name. The talk of a straight- forward, bold man who trusted his life to the most war- like of savages, and bore no menace from king or gover- nor, had much effect. The peace pipes from the Pipe- stone Quarry were smoked around the council fire. In the words of a quaint poem, — They wer Synes of Peace, And alle Stryffe wolde cease. And the Redde Menne's Herts, unyted. Fond voice in Songe That was loud and longe Whan ye Sachemes Pypes wer lyted. In the fall and winter of the year he made a circuit of the lake region of Minnesota, and passed down the course of Pigeon River, which now forms the northern boundary of the State and Nation. At this time there was a very general and wide-spread desire to find the source of the great river which De Soto had discovered and crossed, away back in 1541. DeSoto had not followed the river either up or down. It was easy to guess that it discharged into the Gulf of Mexico. It was equally easy to guess that it took its rise in one of the Great Lakes with which the French were acquainted in the time of Duluth. But neither the origin nor the mouth of the Mississippi was yet known, although a hundred and thirty-eight years had passed since the discover^ by DeSoto. Early in the spring of 1680, Duluth went with four Frenchmen and an Indian interpreter upon a voyage of exploration. The party passed up the dangerous Bois Brule river until they were very near to the Upper Lake 1 1 i i. M OR \ OF M I N N tbU 1 A 7 St. Croix UjoIv cross), which the pious missionaries had so named. Carr>'iiig their canoes across the short p, and DuGay. Hennepin was the priest and his- torian of his party, and we think of him as the real leader of it, though the command had been given to Accault. ^The two parties of white men told one another the story of their experiences, and Duluth learned of the great enterprise of I-aSalle. That irrepressible French leader had conducted a large party of explorers from Lake Huron into I^ke Michigan and up the latter lake to the .south v\\i\. Rounding the southern border, he had entered the St. Joseph river in what is now southern THE STORY OF MINNESOTA Cdpy right Hweet, 1W6- By Permission. Hennepin Discovering Falls of St. Anthony From a paiutiug by Douglas Volk, in the Governor's room in the State Capitol. Michigan, and passed up the stream to a portage between it and the Kankakee. He had descended that stream to the Illinois, and floated down the latter to Peoria Lake, where he passed the winter. Disappointed at not receiving aid from the St. Lawrence region, he had now returned thither for reinforce- ments, having directed Accault, Hennepin, and DuGay to make some explorations in his ab- sence. They had de- scended the Illinois to the Mississippi, and had come up the latter to the mouth of the Minnesota, where the Sioux compelled them to go on a painful foot journey far to the North. At the site of Anoka they had again embarked on the Mississippi, which they descended to the Falls. To these the priest had given the name of St. Anthony of Padua. Unfortunately, the Frenchmen had quarreled among themselves, and they had been treated with severity by the Indians, who took away their property, and kept them under a sort of arrest, being never quite willing to see them depart. Duluth's party had been seen by two Indian women, who came from the northern region, and they had reported to the hunting party that five "spirits" were coming down the river from above. This report had awakened new hope in the breasts of the three cap- tives, who from that time had been eagerly looking for- ward to meeting them. The arrival of Duluth was most opportune. Never was his ability more strikingly shown. He was a cousin of THE STORY OF MIXNKSOTA M Tonty, the most trusted and competent of LaSalle's com- panions. Duliith called the Frenchmen his friends, and appt'ak'd to the unbroken friendship he had always man- ifested towards the Sioux. The situation changed im- mediately. The Hennepin party were treated with respect and kinthu'ss. There was feasting and smoking and story-tell iuj^. After a short time passed amid the beautiful scenery of the place at which the parties met, the eight Frenclunen descendeil the river together, bidding farewell to their Indian friends. They dropped down the stream to the mouth of the Wisconsin, and pas.sed up that river to a portage which led to the Fo.x river, and then they went down the latter, through Green Bay. to Lake Michigan. They never returned. Hennepin's narrative, which is preserved, is of much interest, containing as it does the first chapters of the written history of Minne.sota. Five years later a new French commandant of the West, in the person of Nicolas Perrot (pair'-ro) descended the Wisconsin to the Mi.ssi.ssippi and came up the latter to the siteof Trempeleau, Wis., below that of Winona, and built a fort and trading post. The remain.s, of this old struc- ture were exhumed in 1888 by a party of students. It was on the Wisconsin side of the river, but its chief pur- pose was to promote trade with the Sioux. In 168(5 the Commandant erected another post on the ea.stern side of Lake Pepin, for a like purp', the trading posts were aban- doned by the French. Except the names on the map, whicli were bestowed 10 THE STORY OF MINNESOTA by the French explorers of the long ago, there is little in Minnesota today to indicate that the French ever made claim to the country as a possession of France. There was not, as in Wisconsin and Michigan, any old French family life, to be handed down in tradition. There were no French families to leave a multitude of descendants as a nucleus for the white settlements of the Territory and State. The Sioux remained in undisturbed posses- sion of the land, uninfluenced in manners and customs by intruders, for generations after the time of Hennepin and Duluth. N\In 1726 about four thousand Fox Indians, the implaca- ble foes of the French, came up the Mississippi river, having descended the Wisconsin. Their once-powerful tribe, as if the sport of fate, seemed ever to rush to destruction. Long periods of war against the white men, whom the other Indians seemed to love, had taught the Foxes no lesson. They came now, after their crush- ing defeats, to seek an active alliance with the powerful Sioux. But the Sioux, though warlike in disposition, had found no cause for war with the French. Their little in- tercourse with Europeans had been altogether favorable to them ; and they turned a deaf ear to the appeals of the defeated red men. V The French had secured for a time the vast interior of the continent by discovering the Great Lakes and the Mississippi and by building a chain of forts and trading posts from the St. Lawrence to the Gulf of Mexico. But in the end France was unable to hold these great possessions which had been acquired through heroism and toil and perseverance. As a Spanish Possession The French and Indian war, as it was called, began in 1754, and lasted until 1763. The Indians generally fought on the side of the French against the British TIIK STORY OK MINNESOTA II colonists, though the Iroquois of New York aided the latter. In 1759 the great fortress of Quebec fell into the hands of the British. Four years later, at the conclusion of the conflict, the French ceded to Great Britain all their continental possessions and claims ea.st of the Mis- sissippi, and to Spain the retiiofi to the west of the great river. The greater part of Minnesota thus nominally passed under the sovereignty of the Spanish king. There were within the l)ounds of Minnesota, however, no Spanish settlements. Spanish explorers and traders had not even visited the upper Mississippi. Carver's Cave Before narrating the first advent of an American in the Siou.x country, it may be well to speak more particu- larly of a notable natural feature of the region, which has been briefly mentioned. This is the large cavern which opens into the river bank within the city limits of St. Paul, and which is widely known as Carver's Cave. So large is this subterranean vault, that it served the purposes of a storehouse, a fortress, and a council cham- ber for till- Sioux nation. It has been humorously called 12 THE STORY OF MINNESOTA "Minnesota's first State House." For centuries it had been a place of refuge from storms, from excessive cold, and perhaps also from pursuing enemies. On its in- terior walls were carved memorials of notable events in the unwritten history of the red men. Though long neglected by the State and city, and little known to the inhabitants of either, it possesses today an interest alto- gether unique because of its connection with literature and with the story of a notable explorer who made it known to the world. Captain Jonathan Carver was a native of Connecticut who, as a young man, fought bravely in the French and Indian war in support of the claims of the British king. His family had been distinguished in the Colonial his- tory of New England. While yet Connecticut was loyal to the British crown and the Revolution was not fore- seen. Carver mapped out a bold career of exploration. He would do as the French explorers had been doing for two centuries. He would go boldly into the unknown wildernesses of the West, learn the languages of the Indian tribes, record his observations, and make charts of the regions traversed. He would do more than any others had done. He would pierce the wilderness through to the Pacific, and stand upon the western shore of the continent. This he accomplished in the years 1766-8. He came to the land of the Sioux, and was well received by them. The part of his narrative which most interests us is his visit to the vicinity of Carver's Cave. On the occasion of this visit there were in progress the dignified and solemn obsequies of a dead chieftain. No ordinary man was the fallen brave, it was seen. The dead man was attired in the picturesque clothing of his tribe, with the well-earned eagles' feathers in his hair, and richly beaded moccasions upon his feet. He was propped up in a sit- THE STORY OF MINNESOTA 13 ting posture upon a mat. A funeral oration was to be pronounced, and to this Carver listened with care, mak- ing note of all that was said. The entire speech was written in the Captain's notebook for future u.se. What is remarkable abc^ut the address is that it was given by a red man who had not learned oratory from the whites, — who perhaps had never seen a white man befon- 'm«! whose manner was wholly native and untaught. Carver's "Travels through the interior Parts of Nurljj America" was published in London in 1778, in the midst of the Revolutionary war, when probably no one in England looked for the success of the Revf)lution in America. It seems strange to us now that Carver's book should have drawn any attention in Germany, or should have been read there at all; for Germany had no Amer- ican colonies. But the book came to the notice of the great German poet Schiller, and he was especially inter- ested in the funeral oration of the Indian brave. Schiller made it the subject of a short poem, wliich is called "The Death Song of theNadowessie." The last syllable of this name is the word Siaiix in a stF'ange dress. What Schiller wrote, all Germans read; and the funeral address became familiar in the homes of the German- speaking world. Another great German port, Goethe, wrote to his friend Schiller to com|)liment him particu- larly on the little poem. Henry Raab, a noted educator, once said to the writer as follows: "When I was a youth, an overgrown Ix^y in a village school in Germany, we used to speak pieces on a certain afternoon of each week. This was a sore trial to me, for I had never spoken in public, and I did not know what to do with my hands, or how to make a single gesture. We had a copy of Schiller's poems, and from the bf)ok I chose this piece. The language was strong yet simple, and the gestures came to me naturally. The teacher 14 THE STORY OF MINNESOTA complimented me on my success, and I felt very proud of it." In Great Britain the German poem came into notice, and no less a person than William Herschel, the astrono-: mer who discovered the planet Neptune, translated the poem into English rhyme. Lord Lytton was another famous man who did the same thing. Even this was not the last poetical rendering of the speech ; for George Bowring, a noted translator from the German, wrote a third English version of it. It is astonishing to find the speech of a savage of the Minnesota wilds in the Revo- lutionary age thus echoed and re-echoed in the speech of diverse lands and peoples. The funeral oration thus calls to our minds the dead chieftain himself, the Indian orator, the German poets, Schiller and Goethe, the great astronomer, the famous Lord Lytton, George Bowring, and Dr. Raab. But all the fame of the composition came too late for Captain Carver; he died in London two years after his book came from the press. Becomes American Territory In 1783 the Revolutionary war was ended, the in- dependence of the United States was recognized by Great Britain, and the former British colonists became an in- dependent people. The part of Minnesota lying east of the Mississippi was recognized as belonging to the new republic. In 1800 Spain ceded back to France the region lying west of the Mississippi, which was known as the Province of Louisiana; and three years later this vast Province, extending from the Gulf of Mexico to the British posses- sions on the north, was purchased by the United States. Thus all of Minnesota was now under the American flag. In 1819 the Federal Government began the construc- tion of a large and substantial fort in the vicinity of the THE STORY OF MINNESOTA 15 Falls of St. Anthony, whicli Father Louis Hennepin had discovered and named nearly a hundred and forty years before; and for two years the work of building it was actively pressed. Here would be an impregnable strong- hold for the protection of American interests in the far Northwest, and a refuge for future settlers, in time of need, from the perils of the frontier; also an inexhaust- ible storehouse of military and other supplies. This fortress, because of its site, is one of the most command- ing fortifications of the country, and one of the most striking in appearance, as viewed from afar. The builder of it was Commandant Snelling, who had won fame in the army by a gallant charge against the Indians in the night battle of Tippecanoe in Indiana, in 1811. He called the new stronghold Fort St. Anthony; but in 1824 its name was changed to his own by an order of the War Department and it has since borne the name of Ft. Snelling, In 1822, the year following its completion, a clearing was made about the Falls of St. Anthony and a mill was constructed; and thus were begun the now world-famous manufacture of Minnesota flour and the production of native lumber in that region. Not a year passed until the first steamboat arrived, having come up the river from St. Louis. Since nearly all the travel in that region was by water, — for there were no wagon roads as yet, — we need not be surprised at the enterpri.se shown by steamboat men in pushing their adventurous routes so far. In 1827 a colony of Swiss immigrants came to tne vicinity of the fort, and began a i>ermanent settlement. Such a location for such a colony at such a time invites explanation. Lord Selkirk, of Great Britain, who did various eccentric thirjgs, had desired to plarit a colony on the shores of Lake Winnipeg, and had secured iti 16 THE STORY OF MINNESOTA some way the consent of a party of hardy Swiss to make the experiment of settling in a region so far to the north. They were not satisfied there, however, and determined after a time to remove to some place more sheltered from the northern winds, and more attractive to the view. In some way they became advised of the superior ad- vantages of a location near Ft. Snelling, and here they found what they were seeking. Thus they came under the American flag to remain. In 1829 the region was visited by a company led by Governor Lewis Cass, of Michigan, who was the Demo-- cratic candidate for the Presidency nearly two decades later. The historian of this expedition was Henry Rowe Schoolcraft, a famous explorer and writer, who for seven years had been a general agent of the government for Indian affairs. He traveled much with the governor through the unmapped Northwest, and both were of great service to whites and Indians in the management of our relations with the red men. In 1832 they paddled up the Mississippi to its source in a small lake. Tradition says that it was the intention of General Cass to call the newly-discovered lake by a Latin name signi- fying true head, since it was the long-sought source of the great river; but that instead of writing the name Verum Caput, he accepted the rendering of a blundering secretary, who substituted the noun Veritas for the ad- jective verum, and wrote it Veritascaput. Deeming this too long a name, the Governor clipped it at both ends, and called the interesting little body of water Lake Itasca, which name it retains to this day. Wabashaw and the Black Hawk War Throug)i all the period of Minnesota's early settlement by Americans, the Sioux remained friendly to the Gov- ernment and to the newcomers. Doubtless the great THE STORY OF MINNESOTA 17 stone fortress near the mouth of the Minnesota liad its influence as an object lesson on the power of a great nati(jn. But the Sioux were always disp the Indian lands west of tlie river. In 1841 a devoted priest. Father Galtier, (galt-yay') secured the aid of the few pioneers of the region to erect a small log chapel on the east side of the Missis- sippi, and dedicated it to St. Paul. This modest little church- gave its name to the village which grew up about it, and which later developed into the great capital city of Minnesota. Minnesota as a Territory ^In 1849 the new Territory was organized, and received the name Mitmc-iota, which means, in the Sioux language, "sky-tinted" water. Reference is made in the Sioux name, to the largest river that lies almost wholly in this State. The principal settlement, which clustered about the chapel of St. Paul, and which was generally known by the singular name of Pig's Eye, was made the capital ; and the seat of government has never been removed from this place. The new Territory extended westward to the Missouri, thus including large portions of the present states of North Dakota and South Dakota. The population of the Territory at its beginning was 20 THE STORY OF MINNESOTA only 4,057. So rapidly did it grow, that within a decade this was increased to 150,017, according to the Territorial census. Be it said to the credit of the Territorial govern- ment that within three years from its organization it established the University of Minnesota, which from small beginnings has grown to be one of the greatest institu- tions of its kind in America. The Federal government was very generous in its gift of lands for the support of public schools in the future State. Never before had it donated to a State for this purpose more than one section of land in each township. To Minnesota it gave two sections of land in each town- ship; and the proceeds of these have amounted in our time to a vast permanent school fund of eighteen millions of dollars. The settlement at Stillwater was founded in 1843; and that of St. Peter was begun eleven years later. Before connecting roads were built, these early towns seemed very far apart. Among the new settlements which sprang up in this period, perhaps none attracted more attention than New Ulm, which came into existence in 1854. It was a German settlement; but unlike the other German communities in their inception, it was not directed or aided by a priest or pastor, but was wholly secular. At that time America had been receiving f 3r some years a large number of ref- ugees from the great European uprising of 1848, when in many countries revolutionists fought fiercely against both state and church, making demand for the largest freedom in action and in thought. New Ulm in Europe is a suburb of the old Suabian city of Ulm, on the border of Wirtem. berg and Bavaria. The settlers of New Ulm, like their ancestors in Europe, cherished the memory of the ancient German hero Hermann, who destroyed the great armies of the Roman emperor Augustus, and whom the Roman his- THIi: STORY OF MINNESOTA !l torians called "Arminius. " The name has been associ- ated for ages with opposition to despotism, and has been used as a tocsin of revolution. Conspicuous in New Ulm is the statue of this hero. Many well-meaning people predicted the wrath of Heaven against the secular town of revolutionary sentiments, and saw in the disasters which later came to it the punishment of impiety. Minnesota in Literature In 1855 the literary world (jf America was startled by the appearance of a poem of marvelous originality, which leaped into instantaneous popularity. The writer was Henry W. Longfellow, then a professor in Harvard Col- lege (now University). The poem was based largely on Schoolcraft's account of travels among the Indians and was designed to be the "Indian Edda." The name of the poem was "Hiawatha." While its principal scene was the south shore of Lake Superior, in what are now Michigan and Wis- consin, it introduced the Minnehaha Falls of Minnesota, and also the Pipestone Quarry. Im- mediately there arose throughout the countr>' a demand for pictures Df the charming cascade near Ft. Snelling, and the name of .Minnehaha, theheroineof the poem, was on even' lip. / i 22 THE STORY OF MINNESOTA A year later Edward Ef^gleston, an Indiana minister of the Methodist denomination, was at St. Paul, and traveled a good deal about the territory, taking note of conditions as they then were. It was a period of feverish specula- tion in the region which Longfellow had innocently adver- tised for the promoters and speculators. Fraud and de- ception flourished on every hand A picture of the time, which he vividly remembered, was given by Dr. Eggles- ton seventeen years later, after he had turned novelist, in his "Mystery of Metropolisville. " In this story the names of places are thinly disguised. One can easily recognize Red Wing in "Red Owl;" Faribault in "Perri- tant ;' ' the Cannon river in ' 'Big Gun river ;" Crystal Lake in "Diamond Lake;" Rice county in "Wheat County, " etc. The madness of speculation which the author de- scribes ended in the financial crash of the following year, when a dreadful "panic " came upon the country. Politics and Slavery Worse than the panic was the political excitement which swept over the land when, almost immediately after the inauguration President James Buchanan, the Supreme Court of the United States rendered the historic Dred Scott Decision. Dred Scott was the Negro ser- vant of Dr. Emerson, who had left Fort Snelling with his family nineteen years before, and who for nine years had been suing for his freedom in State and Fed- eral courts, claiming that his residence in the Free State of Illinois and the Free Territory of Minnesota had ren- dered him a free man. The highest court of the nation now solemnly declared that Negroes were property, and that slavery could not be legally forbidden in any Terri- tory of the United States. This astonishing opinion was everywhere denounced in the North ; for wherever slaves were alluded to in the constitution they were plainly THE STOKV OF MINNESOTA 23 called "persons," and not "slaves" or "property"— tiiouijh of course their labor was property, as all labor is. The decision of the court was that Scott had no standing in court, since he was not, and could not become a citizen. The determined opposition to this opinion, its disapproval in the platform of the Republican party in the next Presidential canvas and the success of that party resulted in the attempted secession of a number of States from the Union. Statehood In 1857 Minnesota prepared for Statehood, and a Con- stitutional Convention met in St. Paul. There had grown up in Congress a surprising indifference to the rights of the people, and plans had been made in some instances to prevent the people from voting on their State Con- stitutions. Tile Minnesota people claimed and .secured the right to pass upon the instrument after it was com- pleted. Freedom or slavery did not enter into the matters at i.ssue, but there was much controversy as to railways and finances. The Constitution was adopted, and the State was ad- mitted in 185S. Almost at the .same time a questionable indebtedness was incurred in aid of new railways; and within two years the new State repudiated the debt. There is no way in which an individual or a corporation can sue a State without its consent; and the advocates of repudiation enjoyed a long triumph. The di.sgrace of re- pudiation, however, was keenly felt, despite the fact that the debt was deemed an injustice; and twenty-one years later a compromise was effected, by which the State paid half the face of the debt, receiving the full amoimt of the bonds for cancellation. Thus the stigma was tardily removed. Since Territories have their principal officers ap 24 THE STORY OF MINNESOTA pointed by the Federal Government, and are subject to it in many matters which States control for themselves, Territories have generally been in sympathy politically with the party in power in the nation. Minnesota had been claimed as Democratic, but the new Republican movement received a strong support in the new State. When the war began, Minnesota men came forward eagerly to defend the flag. From this distant and unde- veloped State the regiments were rushed to the Nation's capital with astonishing alacrity and promptness. By August, 1862, ten full regiments had been sent forward. In all the war, the new State contributed 25,052 men, or about one-seventh of its entire population ; and this was at a time when every man seemed to be needed at home for pressing duties. It has been often stated that in the whole story of the war there was nothing more noble or wonderful than the charge of the First Minnesota Regi ment at the battle of Gettsyburg. An Indian Outbreak While the brave soldiers of Minnesota, far from home, were heroically fighting the battles of their country, a bloody tragedy of war in its most terrible form was en- acted at home. The Sioux, from their first mention in history, had been characterized by ferocity and cruelty. Their widely separated eyes gave to their faces a ferocious expression. By all other tribes to the eastward and southward they had been feared in the earliest days ; and tales of their relentless hate and tiger-like deeds were common among the red men as among the whites through all the West. Yet at this time there seemed to be little apprehension concerning them. They were receiving pay for their lands. They should have known by now the utter futility of a contest with the Government of the United States. THE STORY OF MINNESOTA ^:> Yet with secrecy and devilish cunniriK they phuined, and endeavored to carry on, a war of extermination against the whites. Little Crow was their leader. It has been frequently and confidently alleged that he was influenced to his course by emissaries from the Confederate Government of the South. Likewise it has been alleged that British jealousy of the Republic had encouraged a hostile spirit among the savages. But neither of these explanations seems necessary. The departure of many thousands of the men of the State to the South was witnessed by the Indians. To a much duller savage than Little Crow it would have been perfectly evident that the Government was fighting for its very existence, and that its warfare within was more dangerous than any invasion from with- out. Now, if ever, it seemed to him, must the red man find his opportunity to expel the white invader of his lands, and to strike such terror to the hearts of women and children throughout the country, by horrid deeds in Minnesota, that the attempt of white families to occupy this region would never be repeated. Simultaneously, or in quick succession, the settlements in eighteen counties were attacked. New Ulm was the scene of a horrid butchery. The place contains tcxlay a memorial in hf)norof the brave men and women who met their fate trying to defend their homes and their children. Within a few days seven hundred murdere had been committed in Minnesota, and three huiulred homeless women and children were carried away for ransom or for slavery, or were left homeless upon the prairies. Of the scanty wealth of the new communities, three million dol- lars' worth had been destroyed. From all the country around Ft. Snelling refugees gathered in fear, abandon- ing their fields and their live stock. But there was little danger in the immediate vicinity of that strong fortress. 26 THE STORY OF MINNESOTA which was to be avoided for the time, at least, by the savage bands. Fort Ridgely, however, was fiercely as- saulted, and was held only by the most determined resistance. When the Indians found that they were to confront an advancing army, they came to their senses. The final conflict occurred at Wood Lake, on the twenty-second of September, when the Sioux were compelled to surrender to Col. Sibley. The Indian war was over. Twenty-five thousand people returned to their homes, many of which were in ruins, and began the struggle of life anew, with the awful shadow of the tragedy upon them. The government determined to mete out a stern retri- bution for the terrible crimes committed. No less than thirty-eight of the ringleaders must be ignominiously ex- ecuted. The entire Sioux nation must be removed, root and branch, from the region which they had desecrated. The wholesale execution took place, some time after, at Mankato. It was realized at the time that the scene would be historic, and that its influence upon the minds of beholders would be deep and lasting. Hence it was carefully portrayed in a drawing which was printed in colors at the time and which was widely distributed as a souvenir. The final removal of the Sioux from the State took place in the following year. Minnesota recovered rapidly from the terrible losses of the war time. Even at the close of the war for the Union, in 1865, the State census taken for that year revealed a population of a quarter of a million. Among the visitors of the following year came Miss Abigail Dodge, whose books at that time were almost universally read in the East, and followed one another in quick succession. She wrote under the pen name of "Gail Hamilton." Her "Wool Gathering," which ap- Tin: STORY OF MINNESOTA peared in 18(37, contained almost enthusiastic descriptions of Minnesota scenes, and stimulated the desire of tens of thousands to see for themselves what she had seen. Here is what she says of Minnehaha: "Suddenly, almost without warning, almost like a dis- covery of your own, there it is— Minnehaha, the ver>' fairy of waterfalls, a dainty, delicate little maid, dancing over the rocks with exquisite, winsome grace. 'Per/ecf is the word that rises to your lips. The gem has no flaw. "It is surprising how little material Nature needs when she has a mind for feats. The water- fall is the fall of a brook. It is but a flickering, wavering gos- samer veil, through which you can discern the brown rock be- hind. It is not water, but foam — an airy, tricksy sprite of the skies, toying with the clods of '^-x., the valley, mocking the cold cliff »'•"' "' Minneh.h. that vainly seeks to clasp her in its rough, dripping arms. " This is "Gail Hamilton's" farewell: "But we mu.st leave thee, Paradise. Goodby, Minnesota, fair land of lake and prairie, of pleasant wood and rolling water." Lucy Larcom, the beloved "Mill Girl" of Lowell, whose exquisite verses charmed the nation, came also to worship at the new shrine. It is thus she describes the cascade: "A step beyond the roadside's edge; A rude bridge swung across a stream ; Sliding as softly from the ledge As one might whisprr in a dream. The mist-like water falling there Seemed, h:df-w:iv dduii. dissolved in air." 28 THE STORY OF MINNESOTA At the little city of Northfield, which had been begun in 1856, Carleton College was established by the Congre- gationalists in 1870, and at once took high rank among the colleges of the country. Five years later, St. Olaf's College was established by the Lutherans in the same city, to the south of the Inyan Bos'ndata. In the cen- tennial year, 1876, this beautiful seat of learning was the scene of one of the boldest bank robberies in all the records of crime. National interest was awakened by this act of the robbers from their association with a bandit who for decades defied the authorities and eluded capture while pursuing the career of a highwayman in public places, and residing, much of the time, in a populous city. A ludicrous performance of a seeker for notoriety in the '70's, which is almost without a parallel in its results, may be mentioned here for the purpose of showing how little Minnesota was understood at the time in most por- tions of the country. The hero of it had attempted to at- tract general attention by riding on horseback from the Atlantic to the Mississippi. He then happened to pick up an old book in which it was stated that the true source of the Mississippi had never been discovered. He resolved to be the discoverer. He went to Lake Itasca, and found, a little way beyond it, a small, connected lake, which had always been called LaBicke, or Elk Lake. He could have obtained a plat of it at the county court house, if he had applied for one, since the whole region had been efficiently surveyed, and section lines had been run all about and through the little lake. Moreover, it had been described years before by correspondents of eastern papers and magazines. The new ' 'discoverer, ' ' however, knew nothing of the facts which he might have ascer- tained at almost any farm house in the country. He sent out telegrams to the river cities all the way to New Orleans, announcing that the source of the great river THE STORY OF MINNESOTA 2'» had been discovered, and the new lake named, and that he was about to descend the stream from its source to the Gulf of Mexico. Minnesotans read, with astonishment, in the press dispatches from day to day, accounts of his spectacular progress down the stream; how mayors of cities came out in decorated boats, with flags flying, to meet the explorer. The trip ended in a blaze of glory which, however, was short-lived. In 1872 the St. Paul and Chicago railway, as it was then called, was completed from St. Paul to Winona. Three years later it was extended to LaCrescent, opposite La- Crosse, Wis. ; and as the latter city was connected by mil with Chicago, a continuous line, with only the break of a river crossing, was completed between Chicago and St. Paul. In humor as well as in pathos, Minnesota was in the lime light among the States. In the ca.se of Duluth it offered to all the future a historic and proverbial exam|)U' of misdirected sarcasm, which is firmly fixed in the folk- lore of America. When the Northern Pacific Railway was projected it was reganltd by niuDv as an almost in- sane undertaking. In l.%9 Duluth was .selecteti for its terminus. < In isjio it had but seventy-one inhabitants, and this number had scarcely increased at all in nearly a decade. A bill before Congress, containing a grant of land to favor the future city, was seized upon by Proctor Knott, the humorous Congressman from Kentucky, as the subject for a speech which should live in the annals of the House as a master- piece of sarcasm and of wit. The hopes entertained by Minnesotans for the future of Duluth supplied the occa- sion for loud laughter, in which the nation jointni. Amazement and chagrin soon came ty the laughers, who found that they would far better have been invest- ing their money in property in that "Zenith City of the 30 THE STORY OF MINNESOTA Unsalted Seas." For Duluth speedily became one of the greatest wheat markets of the world. It lies at the head of the greatest lake in existence, on which commerce is expanding from year to year. Within the fast two dec- ades the immense wealth of the Mesabi Range in iron ore has been developing at such a rate as to add greatly to the importance of the northeastern section of the State. The growth of Minnesota within recent decades is one of the wonders of American development. The population in 1860 was 172,023. In 1900 it was 1,751,394. In 1910 it was 2,075,708. The increase in production, commerce, and acccumulated wealth is no less remarkable. The large ingress of Scandinavian settlers has added im- mensely to the industry, thrift, and progress of the great commonwealth. A unique feature of this growth has been the expansion of the "twin cities," Minneapolis and St. Paul, which have grown towards each other until now their boundaries join. By 1900 there were five lines of railway on which twin city trains sped daily to and from Chicago, and three trans-continental lines connected this great center with the Pacific coast. The influence of Minnesota in the councils of the nation has steadily grown. The eminent statesman, William Windom, proved one of the great Secretaries of the Treasury. His career was suddenly — almost tragically — terminated by his death at a dinner party in the White House, in 1891. He had been looked upon as a probable future candidate for the Presidency. There was a general feeling, amounting almost to con- viction, that the renowned Governor John A. Johnson would be the standard-bearer of his party for the same great office; and his untimely death, a few years since, following his repeated triumphs in the State, was lamented throughout the Nation. THE STORY OF MINNESOTA M There are other names of very notable men of Minne- sota of which you will read in larger histories. While the Nation shoiikl hold the first place in the hearts of all its citizens, there is much reason for a strong feeling of State pride in Minnesota. Its achievements, which are anionic tin- marvels of American history, have not been accomplished without high-minded and noble effort, admirably directed and strenuously and uncea.s- ingly put forth. The modern State posses.ses a civic con- science and a civic pride, in which all its citizens should share; and Minnesota has been singularly blessed in the ability and character of its citizenship. SONG OF MINNESOTA Bright Northern Star! State that we love — Fair Minnesota — all others above! Clear lake and stream sky-tinted gleam Bright on thy bo.som in morning's first beam, Here see the F'ather of Waters arise. Cool in the breath of the clear Northern skies! Industry's horn in our waterfalls sounding, Labor's reward in our harvests abounding, Hill, wood, and prairie enshrined by our lu^mes, School bells at carol from myriad domes! Bright Northern Star, Home of the Free, Fair Minnesota, our hearts are with thee, All with thee. Folk stories old, Um^ ages told, Fair Minnesota, thy memories hold; Braves of the Sioux, maids that were true, Live in thy legends and .songs ever new. Here Hiawatha on Love's errand came. Here Miimehaha still Vf)ices her name. Here the Great Spirit in power descended. Here the long strife of the ages was ended. Ble.st is the land that the poet inspires! Cold is the heart but that loves and admires! NOV 24 1913 32 THE STORY OF MINNESOTA Sweet land of song, bright memories throng, Fair Minnesota, thy life stream along — All along. Oak leaf and pine wreathes intertwine ! Fair Minnesota, the garland is thine! Blend with the leaves, stalks from the sheaves — Proud is the chaplet that Industry weaves ! Sons of the Northland have ever been free. Brave were our sires on the land, on the sea. Search the proud record of History's pages ; Northmen have stood for their rights in all ages! Saxon and Dane in the New World unite, Firm in their purpose and strong in their might. Bright Northern Star, Home of the Free — Fair Minnesota, our hearts are with thee. All with thee. May be suug to the time of "The Weddiiio: March" from "Loheugriu." Falls of St. Anthony in 1861 INSTRUCTOR LIl LRATURE SERIES Coniinued I'l Sl'>rnr» ot llic Stnr« -.'/>/•>'' .H <, i:\.-..iiil N . l'\r-> una lUc ThiccOiauta hi*tur> aiiil hi"K'«phy ,-..,•• I 'A~>^iler < ■ < Bush ■ Vikiiig- haket :lfr - . I'. 11 > :•.. Kru— AVi/cr .tirick Uciiry— /.»////•/»/•/j: i'.MKciic Hiclil — v'/ftiJ** i-t Story of l.rMiii^toii and Itiiiiker Hill. I*; sf-.'V n' !■. Ill o( .\ri: — .*/./•><' ; \rtl«t», II Rcvnotils— Murillo ^rliHl!— m Mtllct —ftaiiyl'iH : Kuropcau UiiAoty — H'hUe Litrracurc '^> I'lltccu Stlcclionn from Longfellow— I I A VilliiKe Ulack!tniitl>, Children's I '.id otlicr i)ociiis) Mytlii* and I.c>{cnd<»— iVf/V*" I III the ol.l Testament— .Vc/V^ ill \\ .n'T ii.ihie* ( A^riilged) - A'i«jfj/<'_y 171 Tolint of liie Trrctops — ^»/w« i-j l.ami, the l.itllc l.n'..e VwcWcr -Grimrs i aiiai> i'orniH and Stone*). x)i Alice* Hir«.t Adventures lu \Vou••// » IKTM YEAR Nature Mid Industry .' Annual l.ilr in the Sea — ytcFff - : y ..I Hilk — /^»«.« " y of Miliar- hfitfr It \Vr Drink (Ten. CoflTee and Cocoa) 1. Uird Nook.-i. n Mcl-ff ■•* and Crociine" — Stiznn .! the World— //<-r»»iyi>»i f the WorM— y/^-rwrftm KKxwr -lUtsh ti 1 HloTraphy • f the Northwest :.ol»-.V:i:rw.o'.\ udiUy at:d Other Storir* - // iSo Still . 1 andof All Baba— /.^uii 153 A Ii. ■.••x% l)f la Rawff 154 The NiuuIjch; >tove— /V /cr, Cinchona, Kc»in, clc.)— Mi Frf Qeoffraphy 114 Great Kuropeau Citiea — I (London an// 24" The Chinese aud Their Country — /Ijx/- son 385 Story of Panama and the Canal History and Biography 73 Four I'iieat Musician* — Husk 74 Four More C.reiii .Musician*— /fuj* 116 Old KiiKlish Heroes ( Allrrj Stories of Courage /VtrrA 1S7 Liven of Wpl>»icr nil' iHS Story of Napoleon- 1S9 Stones of Mrr ..i«.Ti- 197 Story of I. 198 Stoty of : r^ighlou 209 Lewis at! " Hft-itoH 7J4 Sloiy o: JV. SI. I V ol •^ nnglOH H-, WlKll I > 5119 Stoiy ol ' ' ' > Ml Stoiy of 1 ith ti? Sti.rv "f : -w \~Mcfinilf \,\x Story ol 5#S Story of 5l7 Story of W Utrrature 10 The Snow Tmaite - Ifau l\ 11 Rip Van \"- 12 Legend < ^^ 1 •.nft alh \ .Xfarrk INSTRUCTOR LITERATURE library of congress 22 Rab aiid His Friends — Brown 24 Tliree Golden Apples — Haivthorne 25 Ttie Miraculous Pitcher — Hawthorne 26 The Minotaur — Ha'vthorne 118 Tale of the White Hills and Other Stories — Hawilioi ne. 119 Bryant's Thauatopsis and Other Poems 120 Ten Selections from Longfellow — (I anl Revere's Ride, The Skeleton in Ai.'nor and other poems) 121 Selections from Holmes 122 The Pied Piper of Hamelin — Bro'ining 161 The Great Carbuncle, Mr. ]Lig,t;in- botham's Catastrophe, Suowiiakes— Ha~vtliorne 162 The Pvgniies — Ha7vthorne 211 The Golden Fleece — Hawtltor\e 222 Kingsley's Greek Heroes- i'art I. The Story of Perseus 223 Kingsley's Greek Heroes— Part II. The Story of Tlieseus 225 Tennyson's Poems — For various grades 229 Responsive Bible Readings — Zeller 284 Story of Little Nell — Smitk SEVENTH YEAR Literature 13 Courtship of Miles Standish 14 Evangeline — Longfellow 15 Snow Bound — Vl'hillier 20 The Great Stone 'P&c&'-ITawthorne 123 Selections from Wordsworth 124 Selections from Shelley and Keats 125 Selections from Merchant of Venice 147 Story of King Arthur as told by Tenny- son— //u//oc^ 149 Man Without a Country, The— Hale 192 Story of Jean Valjean — Grames 193 Selections from the .Sketch Book. 196 Tlie Gray ChSLinpion-— Haztiiliorne 213 Poems of Thoinas Moore — Selected 214 More Selectious from the Sketch Book 216 Lamb's Tales from Shakespeare- Sel'd. 231 The Oregon Trail(Condensed from Park- man) — Grajnes EXCELSIOR Literature S 016 094 911 9< 235 Poems ■^ — Fax 238 Lamb's 239 Lamb's 241 Scoiy oi 242 Story of Literature »-«vjiiiii i i^/^iv 17 Enoch Arden — Tennyson 18 Vision of Sir Launfal — LoweV 19 Cotter's Saturday "i^x^Xxt— Burns 23 The Deserted Village and Traveler— Goldsmith 126 Rime of the Ancient Mariner 127 Gray's Elegy and Other Poems 128 Speeches of Lincoln 129 Selections from Julius Csesar 130 Selections from Henry the Eighth 131 Selections from Macbeth 142 Scott's Lady of the Lake — Canto I 134 Scott's Lady of the Lake — Canto II 143 Building of the Ship and Other Poems — Lonzfellow 148 Horatius, Ivry, The Armada — Macaulay 150 Bunker Hill Address — Selections from the Adams and Jefferson Oration — Webster 151 Gold Bug, The— P(ji? 153 Prisoner of Chillou and Other Poems— Byron 155 Rhoecus and Other Poems — Lowell 156 Edgar Allan Poe — Biography and Se- lected Poems — Link 158 Wasliington's Farewell Address and Other Papers 169 Al ni Joseph Ryan — Biography and Selected Poems — Smiili i-jo PaulH. Hayne — Biography and Selected Poems — Link 215 Life of vSamuel Johnson — Macaulay 221 Sir Roger de Coverley Papers— Add is07i 236 Poems Worth Knowing — IV — Advanced — Faxon 237 Lay of the Last Minstrel — Scott. Intro- duction and Canto I Twelve or more copies sent prepaid at 60 cents per dozen or $5.00 per hundred. Price 5 Cents Each. Postage, 1 Cent per copy extra. Order by Number. ZZm ANNOTATED CLASSICS AND eries supplehentary readers 1 Evangeline. Biography, introduction, oral and written exercises and notes. lOc 3 Courtship of Miles Standish. With In- troi'uction and Notes 10c 5 Vision ol Sir Launfal. Biography, intro- duction, notes, outlines 10c 7 Enoch Arden. Tennyson. Biography, in- troduction, notes, outliues.qu est ions.. 10c 9 Great Stone Face. Hawtiiorne. Biog- r.'iphv, introduction, notes, outlines. .10c II Browning's Poems. .Selected poems with notes ami outlines tor study 10c 13 Wordsworth's Poems. Selected poem with introduction, notes and outlines. 10c isSohrab and Rustum. Arnold. With in- troduction, notes and outlines 10c 17 The Children's Poet. Study of Longfel- low's poetrv for children, with poems 10c 19 A Christmas Carol. Charles Dickens. Complete with notes 10c 21 Cricket on the Hearth. Chas. Dickens. Complete with notes 10c 23 Familiar Legends. McFee. Old tales retold for young people. 10c 25 Some Water Birds. McI ee. Description, and stories of, Fourth tr Sixth grades 10c 27 Hiawatha. Introducti'.i^ and notes.. 15c 29 Milton'r riinor Poems, Biography, iu- troducticu, notes.questions, critical com- ments and pronouncing vocabulary. .15c 31 Idylls of the King:. (Coming of Arthur, Gareth andLj'netle,Lancelot and Elaine. Passing of Arthur). Biography, introduc- tion, notes, questions, critical comments and pronouncing vocabulary ISc 33 Silas Marner. Eliot. Biography, notes, questions, critical comments bibliog- raphy, 230 pages. Paper 2Hc 34 Same in cloth binding 30c