C of-j 2- \ Conservation Resources F 42 .n5 U5 Copy 2 jiiu. \_UA\CiKESS ( is< Session I SENATE ( Document t No. 307 Mount Kearsarge and Mount Pequawket New Hampshire H!£TORICAL NOTES RELATING TO THE CONFLICTING NAMES OF MOUNT KEARSARGE AND MOUNT PEQUAWKET NEW HAMPSHIRE SUBMITTED TO THE UNITED STATES GEOGRAPHIC BOARD AT THE SUGGESTION OF SEXATOR J. H. GALLINGER, TOGETHER WITH THE DECISION OF THE BOARD IN REGARD THERETO Compiled by DAVID M. HILDRETH Topographer, Post OlBce Departmonf, Member I'nited States Geographic Board PRESENTED BY ^!R. GALLINGER February 3, IDIO.— Ordered to he {.rintcd WASiriXGTON govi;rn.ment printing office 1916 MsUb D, of D. MAY 3 1916 PREFACE. The fact that there were two mountains in New Hampshire, one in Merrimack County and the oth(>r in C^arroll County, both bearing the name of Kearsarge, was first })rought to the attention of the United States Geograpliic Board by S{niator Gallinger, of New Hamp- shire, in the following letter : United States Senate, Washington, D. C, December 26, 1914. Gentlemen: The mountain in Merrimack Counly, N. IL, which has ' een known by the name of Kearsarge from time immemorial, is near my summer home at Salis- bury Heights, and I feel much interest in the name. Of late years a mountain in North Conway is also made to ] ear the name of Kearsarge. As I recall the matter, the Conway mountain once went ' ythenameof "Pe(iuawket,"and if Iniistakenot it was also known at one time 1 y the name of ''Kiarsarge," ' ut on that point I may ' e mistaken. I 1 elieve the mountains are a' out the same height, 3.400 feet or there- a' outs. I will greatly appreciate a statement from yoiir i oard as to the proper naming of those two mountains, for manifestly they ought not to Lear identically the same name. Appreciating an early reply, I lieg to rouniin, Very respectfully, yours, J. H. Galunoer, U. S. S. The United States Geographic Board, Washingloti, D. C. Upon receipt of the above letter the board undertook the collection of historical data relating to the matter, a compilation of which will be found in the followmg pages. MOUNT KEARSARGE AND MOUNT PEQUAWKET, NEW HAMPSHIRE. Kearsarge: Name of a mouutain in Merrimack County, New Hampshire. This mountain is first shown and named on Ganhier's map of a survey of the Merrimack River, orderetl by the General Court of Massachusetts in 1638, and made in tiie spring of 1639 by Nathaniel Woodward. It is called "Carasaga." In this surveying party were two Natick Indians and Carasaga is thought to mean in the (halect of that tribe, "Notchpointed Mountain of Pines." This map' is in the archives of the Essex (Mass.) County Commissioners. ("As to Kearsarge, " p. 10.) Mount Kearsarge is shown on a map of a survey made in 1652 for the commissioners appointed by Gov. Endicott to determine the head or source of the Merrimack River, for the purpose of locating the northern boundary of the Massachusetts Colony. It is also called "Carasaga." (Harriman's History of Warner, N. H., p. 35.) In a journal of a scouting party commanded by Samuel Willard, of Lancaster, Mass., in July, 1725, this mountain was seen and called "Cu-sa-gee." The Carroll County mountahi was also seen and called "Pigwacket." (Mass. Archives 38 A — Appapachia, vol. 1, p. 154.) A plan of Kearsarge Gore, now a part of the town of Warner, New Hampshire, made by Col. Plenry Gerisli, about 1751, bears the fol- lowing title: "A plan of Kaysarge Gore, near Kysarge." (History of Warner, p. 36.) On a map of a survey made in 1753 of the town of Andover by W. B. Clough, th(^ mountain is shown and named "Ciersarge — a mountain large." A note on the margin says "C cr-Sarge: a moun- tain large. By the Indians Cowissewaschook." This map is now on file in the offico of the S^'cr-'tary of State of New Hampshire. (Pro- ceedings New Hampshire Historical Society, vol. 1, p. 149.) Thomas Jeffrey's map, published in England in 1755 from surveys made in 1750 by Mitchell and Ilazzen, shows the mountain and spells the name "Kyarsarge." On a map of New Hampshire by Joseph Blanchard and Samuel Langdon (afterwards president of Harvard College), published in 1761, this mountain is shown and called "Kya-sa-ge." No name is given to the Carroll County mountain. On a map made by Simuel Holland, the King's surveyor of New Hampshire, 1773-74, and published at London in 1784, Kearsarge is correctly shown and called "Kyar Sarga — by the Indians, Cowisse- waschook." The Carroll County mountain is shown but no name given to it. In June, 1793, the Legislature of New Hampshire passed an act "To set off sundry lots of land from a place called "Kear Sarge," which 5 6 MOUNT KEARSAEGE AND MOUNT PEQUAWKET, NEW HAMPSHIEE. was located on the side of Mount Kearsarge and between the towns of Salisbury and Sutton. ("As to Kearsarge," and History of Warner, p. 11.) The map accompanying the report of the first census of New Hamp- shire, 1790, printed by John Reid in 1796, shows this mountain as "Kyarsarga Mountain." No other mountain with a similar name is shown on this map. This report, "Heads of Families," is printed again by the Census Bureau in 1907. This report also gives a list of "Heads of Families" in the Town of Kearsarge Gore. Map accompanying Belknap's History of New Hampshire, pub- lished in 1791, gives "Kyasarge Mountain." "Kyarsarge" is given on the Bohn or Stotzman map printed 1796 at Hamberg, Germany. "Kyarsarge" on Samuel Lewis's map published in 1813. No name given to the Carroll County mountain. "Kearsarge" on Carrigain's map of New Hampshire printed in 1816, which was authorized by the Legislature. The Committee on Towns and Barishes of New Hampshire Legisla- ture of 1876 made the following report: "From evidence submitted it appears there are two mountains in New Hampshire now known by the name of "Kearsaroe" — one in Merrimack and the other in Carroll County — and the orthography of the word, like that of others derived from the Indians, has undergone various changes. "On the elaborate English map by Blan chard and Langdon, from surveys made in 1761 and published in 1768, the name Kyasage is given to the mountain in Merrimack County. The Holland map in 1784 gives the name Kyar Sarga to the mountain in Merrimack County, and no name to that in Carroll County; and your committee are unanimously of the opinion that the mountain in Merrimack County is justly entitled to the name of 'Kearsarge.'" This mountain has always been shown on all maps, surveys, in all histories and registers of New Hampshire in the same locality, bearing practically the same name, the variations of spelling being no more than is usually found with Indian names. Pequawket: Mountain in Carroll County, New Hampshire. This mountain is first mentioned and located in the Journals of two scouting expeditions into New Hampshire by Capt. Samuel WiUard in 1725. (Mass. Archives 38A — Appalachia, vol. 1, p. 154.) The earliest map that shows it by name is the small map accom- panying Belknap's History of New Hampshire, published in 1791. The name is spelled "Kyarsarge." Belknap wrote a Journal of a tour of the White Mountains, made in July, 1784, which was accompanied by a sketch map on which this mountain is named "Kyarsarge," but this was not published until 1876 by the Massachusetts Historical Society. Neither the Reid map of 1796, accompanying the Census of 1790, or the Lewis map of 1813 gives any name to this mountain. The Carrigain map of 1816, which was prepared by direction of the Legislature of New Hampshire, from the original charters and plans of the towns of the State (Carrigain was sometime Secretary MOUNT KEARSARGE AND MOUNT PEQUAWKET, NEW HAMPSHIRE. 7 of the State) gives the I'ollowiiig as the name of this mountain: "Pigwacket Mt., formerly Kiarsai-ge." The Edward Riiggles map of 1817 gives only "Pigwackct Mt." Finley's Atlas, published at Philadelphia in 1824 and 1831, gives, no name to this mountain. "Pigwacket Mt." on Coodno's map of 1833. ''The History of the Wiiite Mountains" by Rev. B. G. Willey, a, native of the region, published in 1850, calls the mountain "Pequaw-. ket." (P. 205.) Star King in his "White Hills," published in 1859, page 150, states- "And nearer swells the symmetrical Kiarsarge, the queeidy niountain of New Hampshire, which, when the Iiulian titles were expunged from the grand range, should have been clu'istened 'Martha Wash- ington.' The true Indian name of this charming pyramid is 'Pequawket.' " "New Hampshire as it Is," by Charlton and Ticknor, 1855, states "Pequawket Mountain is situated in Bartlett." "Mt. Pequawket (Kiarsarge)" is the manner that Prof. C. H, Hitchcock shows the mountain on the map that he had prepared largely from original sources to accompany his "Geology of New Hampshire," published in 1876. The large raised model map of the State in the State House at Concord, prepared by the authority of the Legislature, bearing the date of 1877, by Prof. Hitchcock, gives "Pequawket" as the namo of this mountain. "Mt. Pequawket," Eastman's White Mountain Guide, 1872. "Mt. Periuawket or Kiarsarge," WaUing's Atlas, 1877. "Mt. Pigwacket," Colton's Atlas, 1871 and 1878. "Mt. Kiarsarge," Colton's Atlas, 1883. The History of Carroll County by G. D. Merrill, published in 1889, page 108, gives "Mt. Kiarsarge (Kearsarge) or Pequawket" at the head of the paragraph describing this mountain. "Mt. Kearsarge North," Coast Survey, 1878. "Mt. Kearsarge North," U. S. Geological Survey, 1896. "Mt. Kearsarge or Pequawket" is given on a map of Carroll County ^ published by George H. Walker in 1902. "Mt. Kiarsarge North," The Century Atlas, 1902. "Mt. Pequawket," Cram's Atlas, 1905. APPALACHIAN CLUB. A committee appointed by the Appalachian Club, with Prof. Fay as^ chairman, made a report concerning the true name of the northern, Kearsarge on April 11, 1877, from which the following may be quoted: "Were the question one of simple priority, it would seem to, present but little difficulty in its solution. It is incontestable that the Merrimack County mountain (U. I.) was known by the name of Carasaga Mountain as early as the middle of the seventeenth century, as shown from an ancient map of that period in the Essex Co. (Mass.) Archives. It would be an ungracious task to attempt to prove that the modern name Kearsarge is not a direct descendant from this name." In conclusion, "The committee then find that there are two mountains in New Hampshire which at present bear the same namo, Kearsarge: that so far as they arc id)le to judge, tlie name is equally 8 MOUNT KEARSARGE AND MOUNT PEQUAWKET, NEW HAMPSHIRE. the original name of both, and handed down by unbroken and rehable tradition; that another name, Pigwacket, with several varia- tions of orthography — an appellation which, as it appears, was formerly applied to a group of hills some miles to the southeast — has also been quite frequently applied to the Carroll County mountain since 1816, sometimes alone, but often joined with the other title, and more especially upon maps that are recognized as good author- ities, and in gazetteers, and in virtue of this must be considered a name for the same, although the other seems to have over it the advantages of priority and especially of general local usage." From the discussion that followed the above report the following may be quoted (Appal, vol. 1, p. 202): "Mr. Emery then presented evidence to show that the name Kearsarge, or its equivalent, was applied to the Merrimack C^ounty mountain much earlier than to that in Carroll County. Also that the name Pequawket was applied to the latter earlier than the name Kearsarge. From which he argued that the name Kearsarge belonged of right to the Merrimack County mountain, and that the true name of the Carroll County mountain was Pequawket. ' '' Prof. Hitchcock offered evidence to show that the Carroll County mountain had been popularly known as Pequawket, and that the name Kearsarge had been given it by settlers coming from the vicinity of the Merrimack County mountain. He therefore favored the name Pequawket for the former as a means of distinguishing it from the latter, especially for scientific purposes. "Mr. Worcester said that, until witliin a few years, the name of the Carroll County mountain had been Kiarsarge, not Kearsarge. The village at its foot, which was named from it, was Kiarsarge Village, and all the old guideboards had that spelling, which was also used by the hotel on the summit, and until recently by the hotel of the same name in North Conway. He thought that at least that distinction should be retained between this mountain and that in Merrimack County. He pro])osed as a compromise, and as })erhaps aiding in finally changing the name of the former to Pequawket, that it be called 'the Pequawket Kearsarge.' " NEW HAMPSHIRE HISTORICAL SOCIETY. The New Hampshire Historical vSociety appointed a committee consisting of Dr. N. Bouton, the historian of the State; J. M. Shirley, and G. V. Fox, at its annual meeting June 11, 1877, on the name Kearsarge, to report such facts as they may be able to collect at a future meeting of the society. After two years' labor of research a carefully prepared report was submitted to the society at its annual meeting June 11, 1879, the conclusion being that the name Kearsarge belongs of right exclusively to the mountain in Merrimack County. The committee recommended the following ]:)reamble and resolution (Proceedings vol. 1, p. 181): "Whereas of two mountains in the State of New Hampshire called by the name of Kearsarge or Kiarsarge, the question has arisen to which the name more properly ])elongs; and whereas the judgment of the New Hampshire Historical .Society has been requested on the subject: Tlierefore MOUNT KEAKSARGE AND MOUNT PEQUAWKET, NEW HAMPSHIRE. 9 ''Resolved, (1) That, after a full and impartial oxamination of his- torical evidence, this society finds that the mountain called by said name in Merriniack County has been known and called by that name, alone and invariably — with variations in spelling — more than 150 years, or sii^ce September, 1725; that the mountain so called in Carroll County was first known or designated as ' Pequawkett', and was never known or called Kearsarge until subsequent to 1780, or after the settlement of that section of country by ])eoplc chielly from Merrimack County, 1765-1775. ''Resolved, (2) That to avoid confusion in geographical names within the State, we regard it as desirable tliat the said two moun- tains should be definitely distinguished by some proper authoiity; and inasmuch as the prior name of the one is historically fixed, both on maps and in written records, and that of the other is more recent and belongs to a portion of the State known in all our early annals as the 'Pequawkett' — famous also in historic events — tlicr'efore, in the opinion of this society, it would be highly appropriate and honor- able that the name by which it was first designated, and by which it was called on the maps published b}^ authority of the State in 1816, by Philip Carrigain, Esq., sliould be retained, viz., Pequawkett Mountain." Final action on this report was not appari^itl}^ taken until the annual meeting of 1885 when it was voted, "That the matter per- taining to the name Kearsarge be left as reported by the committee at the annual meeting in 1879." And the said report as published was adopted. (Letter of Su])t. of N. H. Hist. Society, March 29, 1915.) At the meeting of 1879 a minority report was presented by Mr. G. V. Fox in o))position to the majority report, but tliis report so far as the records show, received no consideration from the society and was not published. (Idem.) The Secretary read a letter from Dr. Bouton of the New Hampshire Historical Society testifying that, so far as he knew, the members of that society were "Unanimously of the opinion that the true and only 'Kearsarge' was that in Merrimack Co." He remarked that upon all the old maps the name in question, when ajiplied to either mountain, was spelled "Kiarsarge," or in some way necessitating the pronunciation of tlie first syllabic. Also that, on several of the oldest of those maps, the name was apj^licd to the Merrimack C\)unty mountain, while that in Carroll County was left nameless. Belknap states in his "Tour of the White Mountahis,'" 1784, that he copied the sketch map from one belonging to Col. Whip- ple, who was one of the party. Col. Whip})le tlien lived in what IS now the town of Jefferson, but formerly lived in the southern part of the State. He was associated with John Moffat, who was a land owner in about 30 towns in New Hampshire, and owned three of the 100-acre lots in Kearsarge Gore. It is believed that Whipple was familiar with these lands as well as the locality of Kearsarge Mountain. In this manner he might have applied its name on his sketch of the Carroll County mountain. This would explain how Belknap's map of New Hampshire came to have two mountains bearing the same name of Kyarsarge. (N. 11. Hist. Societv, vol. 1, p. 160.) 10 MOUNT KEAKSARGE AND MOUNT PEQUAWKET, NEW HAMPSHTBE. NEW HAMPSHIRE HISTORICAL SOCIETY. Concord, N. IT., March W, 1915. Mr. D. M. IIlLDRETIl, Washington, J). C. Dear Siii: I have your commimication ol th(> 27th in regard to the action of this society in the matter of tiie name of Kearsarge Mountain. Referring to the proceedings of this* society, volume 1, 3'ou will notice that the report on tliis subject, submitted by Mr. John M. Shirley, and ])ublished on pages 13C-1S1, is the report of the majority of the committee appointed to investigate this subject. The resolu- tions printed on page 181 form a part ol this rc^jiort, and their adoption is recommended by the committee. Final action on this report was not apjiarently tiiken until the meeting of 1885, when it was voted ''that the mntter pertaining to the name Kearsarge be left as rei)orted hy the committee at the annual meeting in 1S79,'' and the said report as pul>]ished v/as adopted. (vSee Proceedings, vol. 1, p. 371 .) At the meeting of 1879 a minority report was apparently presented by Mr. G. V. 1^'ox in opposition to the majority report by Mr. Shirley, but this minority report, so far as the records show, received no consid(^ration from thio society and was not publislied. 1 should say without hesitation that the society by voting in 1885 to adopt Mr. Shirley's report of 1879, thereby indorsed and adopted the resolutions which were a})]>endcd iis a part of tliat report. Personally, and as a mem])er of this society for many years, I can assure you that no pro])Osition involving the a])plication of the name Kearsarge to the Carroll County mountain ever reccivea the slightest degree of indorsement or approval in tliis societ3^ Sincerely, yours, Otis G. Hammond, Supt. UNITED STATES BATTLESHIP "KEARSARGE." As to the nsiming of the battleshi]) (cor\'ette) Kearsarge: The records of the Navy Department do not show how the name became selected. The Boston Journal of June 4, 18G1, states: "Dispatches from Washington give the names o^ the new sloops of war— the Kearsarge, Ossipee, Ilousatonic, Wachusetts, Aelirondaclc, Juniata, and Tuscarora. Kearsarge is a well-known mountain in Merrmiack County, New Ham])shire, about twenty miles northwest of Concord. There is another mountain north of Lake Winnipiseogee, which modern tourists have confounded with the true one." The New Hampshire Statesman for June 8, 1861, ])rints the fol- lowing: "Of the new sloo])S of war built at Portsmouth, one will be named Ossipee juid the other Kearsai'ge. These are Indian words, but, unlike many of that dialect, })ass easily over the tongue. Kear- sarge was suggested to the naval (le])artment by one of the publishers ot this ])aper. He wrote that as the Merrimaclc was burned at Nor- folk, it would be gratifying to New Ham]>shire folks to be again remembered in this matter of names of national vessels, and, in pre- senting Kearsarge, said it was an isolated and imposing eminence in the center of the State, in the midst of a loyal ])eople, and that young MOUNT KEAKSAEGE AND MOUxVT PEQUAWKET^ NEW HAMPSHIRE. H Laloni;'e(i to the Carroll County mountain, wbich at this ])(-oak tim])er lor the building of the Kcarxargi was cut from the slopes or in sight of the Merrimack County Kearsarge. (Granite Monthly Magazine, vol. 15, p. 145.) It is the testimony of many distinguished peo])le now livhig that it was tlie general and common knowledge that the shi]i was name«l b)r t!iis moimtain. (Ex-Senator Chandler of New Hampshire and many others.) The Kearsarge became famous by defeating and sinking the Ala- bama June 19, 1864. After that event a larg(> hotel was budt on the side of the Merrimack County mountain and named in honor of the ship's captain, the " Winslow House." That hotel was destroyed by fire in 1867 and rebuilt on a larger plan. Admiral Winslow was given a reception in the first house and was present at the opening of the second (Aug. 18, 1868), when he gave the owner a large flag 12 MOUNT KEARSARGE AND MOUNT PEQUAWKET, NEW HAMPSHIRE. and a picture of the battle that was painted in France. Notable people were present, including the governor of the State, as well as many prominent citizens, who took part in the festivities and ad- dresses, in which references were made to the ship and its namesake. Wliile Admiral Winslow lived he spent many of his summers on this mountain, and when he died, in 1873, a large bo wider was taken from its side to serve as his monument, with a bronze tablet attached, on which is inscribed a befitting memorial inscription, stating near the end, "This bowlder from Kearsarge Mountain, Merrimack County, New Hampshire, is the gift of the citizens of Warner, New Hamp- shire." No claim was ever made in behalf of the Carroll County mountain until 1875, about which time a railroad was built through the White Mountain Notch nearby, and the locality became a summer resort. At this time Mr. G. V. Fox, of Lowell, Mass., became a summer resi- dent of the said locality (North Conway) and became most active in presenting the claims in behalf of this mountain, for the honors appertaining to the older-named mountain. He even claimed that the Merrimack County mountain was not entitled to the name of Kearsarge. (Appalachia, vol. 1, p. 202.) He wrote the article on ''Kearsarge" in Johnson's Encyclopedia (ed. 1875), which seems to be the basis for the one in the "International Encyclopedia of 1911." He claims, 14 years after the event, that it was on the suggestion of his wife that Secretary Welles named the vessel. He admits later that he received the letter of Major McFarland, of the "vStatesman," May 3 1 or June 1 , 1861, suggesting the name of Kearsarge. Secretary Weiles, in a letter of Sept. 27, 1875, states: "I first directed that the corvette should be called Kearsarge: but Mr. Chase (Secretary of the Treasury), a New Hampshire man, corrected my pronunciation and orthography. We had, I recollect, a little dispute, and I quoted Gov. Jlill; but Mr. Chase convinced me he was correct." This seems to indicate that the final designation was fixed by the aid of Secretary Chase, who lived as a boy near and in sight of the Merrimack County mountain, in Cornish. Tlie Carroll County mountain was known at that time by the name of Pequawket or Kiarsarge, and being near to otlier higher peaks of the Wliite Mountains and before the railroad was built to its vicinity, was not so well known. Therefore it must have been the Merrimack County mountain that gave the name to the warship. A writer over the name of "Hawser" in the Boston Journal for September 4, 1874, speaking of Kearsarge Mountain in Merrimack County, says: "The name of this mountain was given to the United States gunboat wliich under the command of that gallant officer, the late Admiral Jolm A. Winslow, sank the privateer Alabama off Cherbourg after a short, sharp, and very decisive action, an action which, for the general interest and excitement it caused throughout the civilized world, has seldom been exceeded. "It often happens, unfortunately, that Kearsarge Mountain is con- founded with another mountain in a different part of New Hampshire, w^hich is the cause of much perplexity to strangers. A mountain in North Conway, to which is attached no little celebrity, is of late years generally known as Mount Kiarsarge. Why the name Kiarsarge was given to the mountain in North Conway I have no knowledge. There MOUNT KEARSARGE AND MOUNT PEQUAWKET, NEW HAMPSHIRE. 13 probably is some reason. I am confident that it lias no legitimate right to that name. The good old Indian name of Peqnawkett was formerly applied to a large tract of country in that neighborhood * * *. The mountain in North Conway called Kiarsarge and in some of the latest maps spelled Kearsarge was formerly known as Mount Pequaw^kett. When I visited that region more than thirty years ago, I heard nothing of Mt. Kiarsarge, but nmch of Mount Pequawkett, and I now humbly petition that, for obvious reasons, besides restoring a good old Indian name., the name of Kiarsarge bo henceforth expunged from all guides, books, maps, and geographies as applied to the mountain in question and Pequawkett substituted." Tlie following letter is of interest as bearing on the Indian origin of the name "Kearsarge." Smithsonian Institution, Bureau of American Ethxolo(;y, ^yasldngton, D. C, April 0, 1015. Dear Sir: In response to your communication of March 27th, I beg leave to say that your inquiry was referred to Mr. J. N. B. Hewitt, of this bureau, who gives the following information: "The words Carasaga and Cusagee and Kyrsarge are, like Kearsarge, seemingly corruptions of the fuller form Cowissewas- chook, which in turn is apparently a different spelling of Kowa-is- atcliu-ok, meaning "At the Mountain of Small (Young) Pines." Kearsarge as a name without the locative should signify "Mountain of Small (or Young) Pines." Very truly, yours F. W. IIODGE, Ethnologist in Charge. Mr. D. M. HiLDRETH, Washingto}! , D. C. The summary facts about the names of these moiuitains can be thus stated: 1. The Merrimack County mountain first received the name of Carasaga in 1639, eighty-six years before the Carroll County moun- tain was called "Pigv/ackett" in 1725. 2. That the Merrnnack County mountain has always Ixhmi known by the same nam(\ 3. Tliat the name "Pigwackett" was used for tlu^ Carroll County mountain in 1725. That •'Pigwacket Hills" was used onMilcheil and Hazzen map of 1750 for hills or mountains in this vicinity. 4. That "Pigwackett" was applied by the English from the name of the surrounding country, which was called after the Pecpiawket Tribe of Indians that dwelt therein. 5. That later wb.en the locality about this last mountain was occupied by sellJers from towns in the vicinity of the older named mountain, because of a similarity of appearance, these settlers called it bv the same nanie. (S The name Kearsarge or Kiarsarge has not l)een in general use for the Carroll County mountain. 7. It was more "(Mierally known as Pequawket Ix'fore a])out 1860. s! After about 1860 Pequawket or Kiarsarge. 14 MOUNT KEAESAEGE AND MOUNT PEQUAWKET, NEW HAMPSHIRE. 9. Since 1875 only residents in its vicinity have been persistent in the use of the name of Kearsarge. 10. Efforts have long been made by officials and prominent citi- zens as well as the Historical Society of the State, to have each bear a separate name; one Kearsarge and the other Pequawket. 11. The warship Kearsarge was named after the Memmack County mountam. THE UNITED STATES GEOGKAPHIC BOARD. The United States Geographic Board at its meetmg on January 6, 1915, decided that Kearsarge was the proper name of the mountain located in Merrimack County and Pequawket of the one in Carroll County. Upon request and the further presentation of data rer lating to names of these mountains the board at its meeting on April 7, 1915, reviewed and unanimously confirmed its former decision. LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 013 984 904 8 ^ Conservation Resources Lig-Free® Type I Ph 8.5, BufTered > LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 013 984 904 8