Class_„-._ . Book lOil > ^. u THE STRANGER'S GUIDE-BOOK WASHIi^GTOlT CITY, AND mmjUd}}'^ ^gmM %\Mi\xy§mh OONTA ININ O THB MOST COMPLETE GUIDE TO WASHINGTON AND VICINITr. — A FAMILY LAUNDRY-BOOK,— A FAMILY EXPENSE OR RECEIPT-BOOK. — SALARIES OF OFFICERS, CIVIL AND MILITARY. — INTERESTING AND VALUABLE STATISTICS, COMPILED FROM LAST CENSUS RE- PORT. — POPULATION OF STATES AND TERRITORIES. — POPULATION OF PRINCIPAL CITIES. — RATES OP POSTAGE. — DISTANCES FROM "WASHINGTON TO PRINCIPAL CITIES. — AND MUCH OTHER USEFUL AND VALUABLE MATTER. — READ THE TABLE OF CONTENTS. WASHINGTON, D. C. : PUBLISHED BY WILLIAM F. RICHSTEIN, AT THE NATIONAL BOOK STORE, 278 PEN^^SYLVANIA AVENUE^ BBTTVKEN llXH AND 12X0 STREETS. 1864. S' Enteeed, according to Act of Congress, in the year 1863, by WILLIAM F. EICHSTEIN, In the Clerk's Office of the District Court of the United States for the District of Columbia. JOHN F. TROW, PRINTER, STEREOTTYPER, AND ELECTROTYrER, 48 & 50 Greene Street, New York. g PEEFACE. ^ The design of this work is not only to fur- nish the immense number of strangers and visi- tors who annually visit the I^ational Capitol with a complete guide to all places of interest in and about Washington, but at the same time contains a vast amount of matter, useful and valuable, that recommends it to the citizen as well as to the stranger. A glance at the Table of Contents will say more in its fiivor than can be said by the recommendation of the PUBLISIIEK COI^TENTS. PART FIRST— GuiDE-BooK. PREPARED BXPRESSLT FOR THII Washington City, Capitol and Grou 11 da, Preaideut'B House and Grounds, Treasury Department, Patent Office, . Post Office Department, Smithsonian Institute, State Department, . War Department, Navy Department, . Navy Yard, Arsenal, Columbian Armory, City Hall, Soldiers' Home, . National Oljservatory, Insane Asylum, . Congressional Cemetery, Mount Vernon, , PART SECOND TABLE SHOWING THB ANNUAL COMPENSATION OF THE PRINC PAL OFFICERS AND EMPLOYES OF THE UNITED STATES GOT' ERNMENT. President, Vice-President, and Secretaries, Rtate Department — Officers and Employes, COISTTENTS. Treasury Department— Officerd and Employes, United States Mints, War Department, Navy Department, Department of Interior, General Land Office, Patent Office, Indian Office, Pension Office, Census Bureau, Public BuildingK, Police Commissioners, Penitentiary, Hospital for Insane, Attorney-General, Judiciary, SenatorrJ, Representatives, Popular Representation, Governors of the States and Territories, Rank and Pay United States Army, . Rank and Pay United States Navy, Rank and Pay Marine Corps, . Population of States and Territories, Population of Cities and Towns, FAQB . 41 42 . 42 43 . 44 44 . 44 44 . 44 44 . 44 44 . 45 45 . 45 45 . 45 46 . 46 46 . 48 53 . 67 68 PART THIRD. Valuable and IntcrCiSling Statistics from late Census Report, Distances from Washington to Principal Cities, Rates of Domestic Postage, , , . . . Stamp Duties, ....... Moneys, Weights, and Measures of the United States, . 65 PART FOURTH. Location of Churches, . Public Buildings, Resident Ministers, Banks and Banking Uouses, Gas Office, 1* 6 CONTENTS PAQB Metropolitan Police Office, ..... 89 A?3^1um8, ........ .89 Insurance Offices, ....... 89 Societies, ....... ,89 Telegraph Offices, ....... 90 Newspaper Offices, . . .... 90 Places of Amusement, ...... 90 Hotels, 91 A Family Laundry Book for One Year,. , . .92 PART FIFTH. A Family Laundry Book for Ono Year, ... 92 Memoraiidura Book, ....... I(i5 Advertisements. PART FIRST. A COMPLETE GUIDE TO WASHINGTON" CITY, ITS PUBLIC BUILDINGS, PRIVATE BESIDENOES, ETC., ETC., ETC. MATTERS OF INTEREST TO THE STRANGER AND VISITOR. PEEPAIiED EXPEES5LY FOK THIS V/OKK. WASHINGTON CITY. The Capital of the United States very properly hears the name of the greatest and best of the found- ers of the American Repubhc, Prior to 1790, the ground now covered by magnificent public and pri- vate buildings ; the homes of wealth, luxury and refine- ment ; and known as the City of Washington, was simply a part of a Maryland plantation, and not wholly cultivated. In 1790, Congress— at the solicitation of President Wasliington — passed an act creating the Dis- trict of Columbia, a territory embracing 100 square miles, and situated on both banks of the Potomac, oc- cupying parts of Maryland and Virginia. The Vir- ginia portion included the city of Alexandria, and the District so remained until the year 1846, when the Virginia portion was ceded back to that State, and 8 THE STRANGER'S GUIDE-BOOK: the District now therefore embraces but about sixty- five square miles. The corner stone of the District was Laid at Jones' Point, near Alexandria, on April 15, 1791, with tlie most imposing Masonic ceremo- nies, and it speedily rose to importance, embracing as it did, the three cities of Washington, Georgetown, and Alexandria. By a provision of the act creating the District, the Capital was not to be removed to the new situation until the year 1800 ; but a good portion of the intervening time was employed by General "Washington in directing t!ie execution of the design of the city ; which design was the creation of a pri- vate gentleman, Major L'Enfant. The city extends nearly five miles northwest to southeast, and two and a half miles from east to southwest. The situation is one of the grandest that could have been selected, being on the left bank of the Potomac river, between two small tributaries named respectively Eastern Branch and Rock Creek ; the latter separating it from Georgetown. The city plot is diversified by irregular elevations, but its general altitude is about forty feet abore the river. It is 295 miles from the ocean, and the Potomac at this point is a mile in width. The Capitol building stands upon the summit of a hill which is the commencement of a plain stretching east. The city is laid out on a liberal and magnificent scale ; its avenues, streets and open spaces containing nearly 4,000 acres, and its public reservations 513 acre*.?. The streets run north and south, and east and west, and are designated by letters and numbers ; those running east and west being lettered, and those running north and south numbered. The streets around the Capitol building are the dividing line, and the streets are des- TO WASHINGTON CITY. 9 ignated north or south A, B, &c., or east or west 1st, 2d, &c., according to their position as to the Capitol. First street west, for instance, is directly westv of the Capitol grounds, and First street east, directly east of the same. Besides these streets, there are a number of noble avenues, named principally after the original States of the Union, although States more recently admitted, as Louisiana, Missouri, Indiana and others, have also been thus honored. Pennsylvania avenue is the principal one. It runs the wliole length of the city from east to west, without interruption, except at the Treasury building and Capitol. This is by far the widest and most imposing thoroughfare in the city, as it is also tiio great business and promenade thoroughfare. All the principal hotels, as Willard's, Metropolitan, National, Kirkwood's, &c., are upon it. It passes in view of all the prominent buildings and great parks. Besides, at intervals, in passing along it, may be seen smaller parks, and openings formed by the junction of other avenues and streets with it. Just before arriving at Georgetown, Pennsylvania avenue f -rms a circle, and in a beautiful enclosure stands Mills's equestrian statue of ^Yashington. The Father of his Country is represented as he appeared at the crisis of the battle of Princeton. The horse shrinks back from tiie destructive fire which the enemy is pouring in ; but the rider, calm and reso- lute, courageously surveys the scene, and rallies his troops for a grand effort, which turns the tide of bat- tle and bears the American arms on to victory. The statue is colossal in size, and stands upon a pedestal having four concave faces. These are divided into tiers, upon which are to be portrayed events which transpired in the early history of this country. 10 THE STEANGEE'S GUIDE-BOOK New York, New Jersey, Maryland, and Louisiana avenues rank next to Pennsylvania avenue in point of size and importance. On Maryland avenue is laid the traok of the Washington and Alexandria railroad, which leads to and passes over what is called the Long Bridge, one mile in length, connecting the Vir- ginia shore with the District. The depot of the Bal- timore and Ohio railroad is situated on New Jersey avenue. Among the streets. Seventh street west oc- cupies tlie first rank in point of business. It runs from the northern boundary of the city directly to the steamboat wharf, where steamers to and from Alexan- dria and points below are continually arriving and de- parting. The avenues run in a southeast and south- west or northeast direction, and their points of inter- section with the streets generally form large squares. Four avenues and four streets intersect at the Capitol, and five avenues and a large number of streets at the park around the President's house. The width of the streets is from 70 to 110 feet, and of the avenues from 130 to 160 feet; thus presenting a greater number of wide and magnificent thoroughfares than any other city in the Union. Washington is at the head of navigation on the Potomac river, and has as good harbor, and oficrs as fair advantages for commerce, as the capital of any other country in the world. Alexandria is, however, but a short distance below it, and the ocean and river trade has never been much diverted from that point. The fact, too, of this great country possessing so great a sea const, with harbors unequalled elsewhere, has had its efi'ect upon Washington, and kept it in the background, so far as commerce is concerned. The TO WASHINGTON CITY. 11 city has, however, many magnificent places of busi- ness, and its stores, both internally and externally, will com|)are favorably with those of any other city. According to the census of 1860, the population of Washington was considerably over 60,000. The mili- tary operations around it, however, and the headquar- ters of the army being located here, tended to almost double the population during the civil war. This great increase of population was, however, no doubt merely temporary, and will only continue so long as extended military operations are conducted in our midst. Washington, though not a seven-hilled city, yet, like Rome, has its Capitol Hill and its Tiber. In fact, the locality now occupied by Washington was once called Rome, which name was given to it by a Mr. Pope, the owner of the then plantation, who, proba- bly actuated by a whim, fancied the title of the Pope of Rome. The southern part of the city is familiarly known as "The Island," from the fact that a canal runs through that section from the Potomac to the Eastern Branch, thus cutting off the Seventh and part of the Sixth ward from the rest of the city, and forming a perfect island. Bridges at various points cross the canal, and connect the main part of the city with this island. When the canal was first projected and dug out, it was supposed that it would ofi'er peculiarly safe and cheap transportation throughout its entire length. Of late years, however, it has been sadly neglected, and has become an eyesore to the city, having become filled up with mud and filth, and being the receptacle for all the matter accumulating in and washed from 12 THE STEANGER'S GUIDE-BOOK the sewers. "Within a short time, however, the city councils have taken the matter in hand, and arrange- ments have been made for cleaning out the canal and making it an advantage instead of a nuisance to the city. Besides the public buildings (which will be noticed hereafter), "Washington boasts a large number of hand- some private buildings and residences. The residences of the Foreign Ministers and of the heads of Depart- ments are mostly in the west end of the city; and some of the buildings occupied by them, as well as the residences of many of our wealthier citizens, are fash- ioned after rea^.ly grand architectural designs. Of churches, this city boasts a fair share, of all de- nominations, and most of them are elegant and superb in both exterior and interior adornment. The public school system of this city is fast becom- ing one of the best in the country ; but there is a dearth of good schoolhouses. This want will, how- ever be speedily supplied, as arrangements are now on foot, looking to the erection of fine buildings for edu- cational purposes. One of these buildings is com- pleted, and is situated on Pennsylvania avenue, near the Navy Yard. It is of brick ; plain and simple in design, but is constructed with a view to comfort and security, and is worth a visit from the friends of educa- tion. The Columbian College, a Baptist institution, situated on a commanding elevation a little north of the city, and the Georgetown College, a Roman Cath- olic institution, are well-known seats of learning, and are in a prosperous and flourishing condition. There are in the city also a large number of benev- olent associations, as the Colonization Masonic, Odd TO WASHINGTON CITY. 13 Fellows, Typographical, Sons of Temperance, &c. ; while the Young Men's Christian Association have a perfect organization here. Some of the chnrches, too, have undfer their charge Orphan and Infant Asylums, which will compare favorably with any simihar institu- tions elsewhere. Especially are such of these inslitu- tions as are under the control of the Sisters of Charity worthy of a visit. Three theatres and a number of well-conducted concert halls supply the city with amusement. Five daily newspapers — "National Intelligencer," " Evening Star," " Morning Chronicle," " National Republican," and " Constitutional Union," besides a number of weeklies, and a periodical in the interest of the Masonic fraternity, and other publications, are issued. In 1863 a city passenger railroad, running the entire length of Pennsylvania avenue, with tracks on Seventh and Fourteenth streets, was constructed, thus connect- ing the most distant portions of the city, and furnish- ing a comfortable, speedy, and cl\eap mode of travel to or from any point of interest in the city. ,, The soil of Washington and the surrounding coun- try is light clay or sand, and is therefore cultivated with some difficulty and expense ; consequently coun- try produce is remarkably high. The climate is healthy and the air salubrious ; and the city is com- paratively free from epidemic diseases, although bilious and intermittent fevers (seldom, however, of a malignant type) prevail in certain localities at certain seasons. On the whole, Washington will compare favorably with any of its sister cities, and the day is not far dis- tant when the ideas of its founders, and the bright fu- 2 14 THE stranger's GUIDE-BOOK tnre they pictured for it, will be realized in their full magnitude. THE CAPITOL. The lofty and magnificent edifice whose walls have echoed the eloquence of the sages and patriots whose words and deeds have given our country its ex- alted position among the nations of the earth, is natu- rally one of tlie first objects of interest to the visitor to the National Capital. The Capitol grounds include an area of thirty acres of land, enclosed by a wrought- iron fence, and divided into what are known as the East and West grounds. The Capitol building is splen- didly situated upon the highest part of this plat, and covers in all an area of 4^ acres. This includes the space between the wings and the main building. The corner stone of the Capitol was laid by General Washington on September 18th, 1793. History tells us that a large concourse of citizens were present on the occasion, and that the ceremonies attending the laying of the stone (which were Masonic) were of the most imposing character. The plan of the building was the creation of Dr. Thornton, and the construction was superintended by the architects Ilallet, Hadfield, Hoban and Latrobe ; but the building was unfinished when the British, in 1814, laid their ruthless hands upon it, and effected so great a destruction that it was not completed until ten years afterward. The then Capitol was built of free or yellow sandstone, and by the frequent application of white paint, it has been so TO WASHINGTON CITY. 15 beautified and well preserved as to be considered by many far more worthy of admiration than the new wings, to which we shall refer hereafter. The Capitol was supposed to be completed in 1828, the length of the building Loing 352 feet 4 inches, the width of the wings 121 feet, and the width of the centre 290 feet. The structure at that time covered 1^ acres, and its cost, when finished, amounted to $1,740,718; but as this great country has exceeded iii its growth and im- portance even the most sanguine expectations of the patriots and heroes of the earlier ages of the Republic; so, a building which was fully suflicient in 1828 for all legislative purposes, was, after a few years, found to be almost totally inailequate ; and in 1851, therefore, a corner stone for additional wings was laid by President Fillmore, on Independence day ; and these wings are now almo?t completed, and the Capitol of 1828 becomes the centrepiece of the structure. On the occasion of the laying of this corner stone, Mr. Webster, then but a few months' journey from the grave, made one of those telling speeches — full of fire and eloquence — which have made his name immortal. Corridors, each 44 feet long, connect these new wings with the main building. The length of each wing (including porticos and steps) is 824 feet from east to west, and 152 feet 8 inches from north to south. This last measurement includes the porticos, and the entire length of the edi- fice is therefore 745 feet 8 inches. The wings are of white marble, and are constructed in the Corinthian style. The whole building is surrounded by a balus- trade of st ne, and surmounted by a lofty dome in the centre. Two smaller domes surmount the wings of the old building. The old dome of the Capitol was con- 16 THE STEANGEE'S GUIDE BOOK Btructed of wood ; the new one is of cast iron, and thus* combines the double advantage of being more durable against the ravages of time and of being free from de- struction by fire. The old dome was, to some extent, a copy of the Roman Pantheon ; but in the construction of the new one, the low and flat outlines of the Pan- theon have been avoided, and more modern styles were combined in the design, thus creating a light structure, decorated with pilasters, columns, rich cornices, and entablatures. The interior of the dome is 96 feet in diameter, and the interior height from the floor of the Rotunda to the ceiling is 220 feet. The dome rises 241 feet above the top of the building, and 396 feet 4 inches above the western grounds, and 300 feet above the eastern grounds. A safe staircase winds spirally around the whole dome, between the exterior and in terior shells. The exterior diameter of the peristylian circular colonnade is 124 feet 9^ inches, and the columns of the peristyle are 27 feet in height, and weigh 12,000 pounds each. It is well worth the while of visitors to make the ascent of the dome, for the exertion will be amply repaid by the splendid view to be had from the top. Looking toward the east, one sees the rich hills and valleys of Maryland, dotted here and there with hamlets and farmhouses; while refreshing streams, curling among the hills and winding through the val- leys, lend a glorious beauty to the view. To the west, the Old Dominion — once rich and lovely, but now de- vastated by war — stretches out her broad acres as far as the eye can reach ; while the course of the Potomac can be traced from the narrow gorges of the hills in the direction of the Blue Ridge ; until, far oflf toward the south, it widens into a magnificent bay. At the TO WASHINGTON CITY. 17 feet of the observer lies the City of "Washington, its massive and elaborately constructed public buildings rising in grand relief far above the piles of brick and mortar surrounding them. A little farther on lies Georgetown ; and a glance to the southwest will in- clude the City of Alexandria in the sublime view. A coloss d statue in bronze, representing the Goddess of Liberty, crowns the pinnacle of the dome. This statue may be said to be the joint work of Crawford and Clark Mills, for in its construction the latter has simply completed what death compelled Crawford to leave unfinislied. The statue is 20 feet high. The dome resembles somewhat those of St. Peter's, at Eome ; the cathedral St. Isaac's, at St. Petersburg ; St. Paul's, London, &c. ; and it is only 4 feet less than St. Paul's and 36 feet less than St. Peter's. The grounds surrounding the Capitol are all that could be desired, covering as they do a large area, and being kept in the neatest possible order. The western grounds gradually descend from the western front of the Capitol, and are adorned with a great variety of American trees, whose branches, interlocking with each other across the walks, cast a grateful shade all around, and thus invite visitors, who, in the summer, find this one of the most delightful promenades in the metropolis. Miniature flower-gardens, interspersed here and there, and fountains and basins of pure water, add to the attractions of the locality. The eastern grounds are also carefully laid out, and an air of refine- ment is given to them by Greenough's statue of Wash- ington, sitting upon a pedestal of granite. The right hand of the statue points toward heaven, and the left grasps a Koman sword, the handle turned away from 2* 18 THE STKANGER'S GUIDE-BOOK the person. Opposite to this statue, and on the east- ern portico of tlie Capitol, are Persico's statues of Co- lumbus, the Indian Woman, and Peace and War ; and here, too, may be seen Greenough's colossal group of statuary, called Civilization. This portico (which also contains other statues) gives to the eastern front of the building a most imposing appearance. The colonnade consists of twenty-four massive Corinthian columns of stone, thirty feet high, and each column ornamented at the top with carved stone. This portico is in the centre of the building, and the porticos on either wing will be scarcely less imposing. The whole cost of the Capitol, with the grounds surrounding it, will not be less than $10,000,000 or $12,000,000. The interior of the Capitol is as grand as the exte- rior. The Rotunda, which one naturally views first upon entering, is directly in the centre of the building, and is divided into eight panels, between w^iich are four bas reliefs of historical subjects, representing re- spectively, " Preservation of Capt. Smith by Pocahon- tas," "Landing of the Pilgrims," "Conflict between Daniel Boone and Indians," and " Penn's Treaty with the Indians." The paintings occupying the several pan- els are, "Declaration of Independence," "Surrender of Gen. Burgoyne," " Cornwallis's Surrender at York- town," " Washington's Resignation at Annapohs," " Embarkation of the Pilgrims," " Landing of Colum- bus," " Baptism of Pocahontas," and " Discovery of the Mississippi by De Soto." A number of other paintings adorn the Rotunda; and the sculptor, too, has done his part in the embellishment of this part of the Capitol. The Rotunda is 96 feet in diameter and M feet high. TO WASHINGTON CITY. 19 Senate Ciiambee and House of Representatiyes. — The Senate of the United States, the highest and most dignified legislative body under our form of gov- ernment, occupies an apartment in the centre of the second floor of the north wing of the Capitol, as ex- tended. The Chamber (including the galleries) is 113 feet 3 inches long and 80 feet 7 inches wide, and 36 feet high. Upon the floor the seats are arranged in a semicircular form, facing toward the north wall. The chair of the President of the Senate (Vice-President of the United States) and the desks of the clerks are placed in the middle of the north wall of the Chamber. Galleries extend all the way around (above the floor), and to these visitors are admitted at all times except during an executive session. The galleries at the east side are reserved for ladies, and gentlemen who accom- pany them. Certain portions of the galleries are par- titioned off for the accommodation of the diplomatic corps and other dignitaries; and immediately in the rear of and above the President's chair is a gallery for the special use of reporters and representatives of the press. Beneath the galleries are dressing rooms for the convenience of Senators. The floor of the Senate Chamber is 83 feet 11 inches by 51 feet 1 inch. The ceiling is of cast iron, with skylights of ornamented glass, richly embellished with symbolic representations of the history and characteristics of the country. At night the Chamber is lighted with gas, the jets being placed above the glass in the ceiling ; thus throwing down a light soft and mellow as tliat of the brightest day. The ventilation of the Chamber is perfect, numer- ous openings in the walls and floor admitting air, which in cold weather is heated by means of steam 20 THE STKANGEE'S GUIDE-BOOK pipes. The gallery fronts contain panels for pictures and niches for statuary. The style of decoration is re- markably rich, as is also the coloring, which is of a lighter shade thaie that of the House of Representatives. Continuous halls run all around the Chamber, and di- vide it from the committee rooms; the President's room ; the Vice-President's retiring room ; the recep- tion room for visitors, &c. ; all of which are objects of interest to the visitor. The description of the Senate Chamber will apply to the Kepresentatives' Hall, with the exception that the latter is much larger, its dimen- sions being 13^ feet long, 93 feet wide, and 36 feet high. In the centre of each skylight in this Hall is a painting representing the coat of arms of a State or Territory. The Speaker's chair is in the middle of the south wall. The portraits (full length) of Washington and Lafayette occupy places in panels on either side of the Speaker's chair. These chambers were only occu- pied a few years ago, during Mr. Buchanan's adminis- tration. The chamber formerly occupied by the Senate is now known as the Supreme Court Room. It is in what was the north wing before the new projections were added. The room is 75 feet long, 45 feet Avido, and the same number of feet high. Ionic columns sup- port a gallery to the east. In this room meets the highest judicial tribunal in the land. The old Hall of Representatives, too, was a small affair, comj-ared with the new one. No deliberations of any kind are now held in it ; but it is a spot to be visited on account of the classic and historical memo- ries that cluster around it. It is situated on the second floor of the south wing of the old building, and is a room 90 feet long, 62 wide, and CO high. Twenty-four TO WASHINGTON CITY. 21 columns of variegated Potomac marble surround it. These have capitals of white Italian marble of the Corinthian order. Fine specimens of statuary from the studios of the most noted sculptors are to be seen in this room, Vv^hose walls once echoed back the elo- quence of Clay, Calhoun, Webster, Randolph, Adams, and a host of others. The LiBEART room is seldom neglected by the vis- itor to the Capitol. It occupies the western projection of the Capitol, and is divided into three rooms, the largest of which is of the following dimensions, viz. : length, 91 feet ; width, 34 feet ; height, 38 feet. The other rooms are respectively 70 feet long and 29 feet wide. Prior to tlio year 1851 the Library contained 50,000 vols. A fire, which originated from a defective flue, at that time destroyed all but about 20,000 of the books, and a large number of valuable manuscripts which can never be replaced. The present Library rooms are made fireproof, being fitted up with iron cases and iron ceilings. The roof is of copper, and is laid on iron rafters, and the rooms are lighted by ornamental skylights. Three stories of iron cases, each 9 feet G inch- es high, occupy both sides of the main Library room. The second and third stories of this room consist of pro- jecting alcoves ; and platforms running all around give easy access to the cases. The alcoves are 9 feet 8 inches wide, and an ornamented pier forms the head of each projection. Architraves, finished with shields and or- naments, cross the alcoves. The floor of the galleries is composed of plates of cast iron, and they are protect- ed by pedestals and railings. The Library may be vis- ited at all times during a Congressional session, and on specified days during the recess. 22 THE STE anger's GUIDE-BOOK Those above mentioned are the special objects of interest in the Capitol building ; but there are other localities well worth the attention of visitors: as for instance, the Committee rooms ; the marble room ; the passages, corridors and staircases. Here and there will be seen sculptured marble representing the statesmen and heroes who have at different periods aided in moulding the destinies of this great country. The paintings, too, on the staircases leading to the Senate and Representatives' Hall, deserve a moment's atten- tion. THE WHITE HOUSE. The Presidential mansion, known all over the country as the " White House," is on Pennsylvania avenue, at a distance of over a mile west of the Capi- tol. The building is of freestone, painted white, and was erected after a plan of the architect Hoban, and its erection Avas commenced in 1792. In 1814 the British partially destroyed it, and the work of rebuilding was commenced in the following year (1815), under the superintendence of the same architect. It is 170 feet front, and has a depth of 86 feet, and is situated on a plat of ground comprising an area of 20 acres ; and the building itself is on an elevation of 44 feet above the Potomac. The edifice is of lofty dimensions. The north front presents the appearance of a building two stories high, and is ornamented with a lofty portico, which was added to the main building during the pres- idency of General Jackson. This portico has four columns of the Ionic order in front, supporting the TO WASHINGTON CriY. 23 massive covering of the stone platform in front of the main entrance. Three other columns of the same or- der form a projection which covers a carriage way; and from this carriage way the visitor steps upon the platform above referred to. In front of this portico is a nea'ly ornamented yard, of semicircular form, with carriage ways and foot pavements leading to gates at either corner, which afford ingress from Penn- sylvania avenue. In this yard stands a bronze statue of Thomas Jefferson, which was presented to the Gov- ernment by Capt. Lev}--, U. S. N". Also in front of the Executive Mansion, but on the opposite side of Penn- sylvania avenue, is Lafayette Square, which is beauti- fully ornamented with trees, shrubbery, and flowers, and which has become a fashionable promenade and resort, its walks being, every fine day and evening, thronged by the beauty and fashion of the National Capital. This square contains the celebrated eques- trian bronze statue of Jackson, the work of Ohirk Mills, who has the honor of being the first artist to succeed in erecting a statue representing a steed poised upon the hind feet. Cannon, captured by Jackson in his conflicts with the British, constituted the material of which the statue was made. It cost $50,000. The south part of the Executive Mansion looks toward the Potomac. Upon this side the building presents a rus- ticated base, and gives a fagade of three stories. This front is ornamented with a colonnade of six columns of the Ionic order, and has two flights of steps, which lead from the garden to the principal story. The gar- den upon this side of the Mansion is a lovely spot, and a favorite resort. The grounds are laid out in a taste- ful and romantic style, adorned with artificial mounds, 24 THE stranger's guide-book trees, shrubbery, flowers, and a fountain. From these grounds a splendid view is obtained of the surround- ing country, the Potomac, and the City of Alexandria. Appended to the main building of the Mansion are projections at either end, with rooms and apartments fitted up for various household purposes ; and the western projection is surmounted by a magnificent greenhouse, containing the rarest and most beautiful exotics. The interior of this home of the Presidents is fitted up in a style to correspond with its handsome and rich exterior. Nearly all parts of the house are accessible to visitors, and something to interest may be found in all the apartments ; but the east room is especially de- serving of attention. This room is 80 feet long, 40 feet v/ide, and 22 feet high, and is furnished with much splendor. To casual visitors the President is not accessible except at stated times. In the winter season the Chief Magistrate, howevei*, holds levees, to which all are welcome, and great crowds always take advantage of such occasions to pay their respects to the ruler of the nation. TREASURY BUILDING. This is a noble structure, and is situated on Fifteenth street, just south of the State Department. Pennsyl- vania avenue is here cut ofi", but continues again above the State Department, and thence runs west to George- town. The Treasury building is of granite ; over 460 TO WASHINGTON^ CITY. 25 feet in length and 266 feet wide. The east front has a colonnade of Ionic columns, 300 feet long. These col- umns are 42 in number. Projecting porticos decorate the north and south ends of the building. A more im- posing structure than this cannot be found in the city.. The granite of which it is constructed is from Dix; Island, on the coast of Maine. Prior to 1855 the- building occupied bj the Treasury Department was; 336 feet long, with a depth at the centre of 190 feet,, but at that time projections, which gives it its present length, were added. There is also a portico about thie- centre of the east front. The building is not yet fully completed according to the plan of the architect,, but' workmen are continually employed upon it. The interior arrangements of this magnificent edi- fice are in keeping with its rich exterior. The orna- mentation is American in its details, and is more elab- orate than that of any other public building — the Capitol, probably, excepted. No one who has a taste for architectural beauty and design will fail to visit this magnificent structure. PATENT orriOE. The Patent Office building is one of superior finish: and elegance. It occupies the entire space between Seventh and Ninth and F and G streets. The style of ai'chitecture is Doric, and the finish is so exceedingly plain, and yet the building, in all its architectural de- tails, is so grand and majestic that it excites the admi- ration of all who behold it. The building extends 410' 3 26 THE stranger's guide-book feet from Seventh to Ninth street, and 275 feet from F to G street, and has fronts on all four of the streets lEamed. All of the building, except the south part, is huiSt of crystallized marble, the centre of the part !name seen not only models of all articles pat- ented, but a vast number of curiosities and relics of Eevolutionary days, among which are the printing press of Franklin, and articles of personal property which belonged to Washington. Besides, the room itself is worthy of careful examination, as indeed is the entire building. TO WASHINGTON CTTY. 27 This edifice was intended especially for the trans- action of business appertaining to patents, but as this is part of the Interior or Home Department of the Gov- ernment, the Secretary of the Interior has his office here, and the business appertaining to the internal economy of the Government, as pensions, lands, Indian afl[airs, &c., is here transacted. GENERAL POST OFFICE. Tliis is one of the finest buildings in Washington. It occupies the whole square between E and F and Seventh and Eighth streets, the position being a very central one. The erection of the edifice was com- menced in 1839, Mr. Robert Mills being the architect ; and in 1855 it was extended under the direction of Mr. Walter. It is built of white marble. The style is what is known as the Palatial, and the order of archi- tecture is a modified Corinthian. The building rests on a rustic basement, and is throe stories high. Length fi'om north to south, 300 feet. Depth from east to west, 204 feet. The extension is much superior to the old building, both in material and finish. Monoliths of Italian marble form the columns of the extension. Among the curiosities to be seen here are the papers left by Benjamin Franklin relative to post office affairs. The dead letter office also presents attractions to vis- itors. The Washington City Post Office, a well-arranged and well-conducted establishment, occupies the lower story of the northern front of this building. 28 THE stranger's guide-book SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION. The liberality of an Englishman named James Sraithson, who died at Genoa in 1828, gave to this country and to science the famed Smithsonian Insti- tute, which is situated on a tract of public land ex- tending from Seventh to Twelfth street, and from the canal to B street south, embracing about fifty-two acres. Mr. Smithson was the son of the Duke of Northumberland, and was educated at Oxford. The business of his life was to study, and chemistry princi- pally occupied his attention. There is nothing in his will to indicate why he made the United States his trustee in the dissemination of science and knowl- edge. His fortune was intended to benefit the world, and the United States accepted the agency tendered. In his will the testator bequeathed his money to his nephew, Henry James Hungerford (who was then in a hopeless state of consumption), with a reversion to the United States. Mr. Hungerford died in 1835, without issue, and Hon. Richard Rush, of Philadelphia, was sent to England to secure the bequest, and the money, amounting then to $515,169, was transmitted to the United States in 1838. In 1846, Congress passed an act establishing the Smithsonian Institute as it now is, and the erection of the building was commenced at once. The fund was loaned to the United States at an interest of six per cent, per annum, and the building was erected out of the interest that had accumulated up to the year 1846. The President of the United States, the Vice-President, members of the Cabinet, Chief Justice of the United States, and Commissioner TO WASHINGTON CITY. 29 of the Patent Office, are ex-officio the officers of the Institution, and they constitute a Board of Regents, who elect a Chancellor, Secretary, and an Executive Committee. The structure is of red sandstone, and is built in the Eomanesque or Norman style of architecture. The building is 447 feet long from east to west. Its greatest breadth is 160 feet. Ihe length of the east wing is 82 feet ; width 52 feet ; height 42^ feet. The west wing is 84 feet long, 40 feet wide, and 38 feet high. The building is embellished with nine towers, varying in height and manner of construction. The higher tower, which is in the centre of the north front of the building, reaches an elevation of 150 feet. The building is peculiar in its construction, there being no two parts of it alike. The towers, facades, corners, &c., are all dissimilar, and yet all parts of the building are symmetrical, and correspond reguharly. The roofs- of the building are slate-covered. The main entrances- are in the north and south parts of the building. A double tower surmounts the north entrance, and a large square tower the south entrance. The Museum occupies the whole of the first story of the main build- ing. It is one large room, 200 feet long and 50 feet wide. The collection of all sorts of curiosities liere is. of exceeding interest. In the west wing of the build- ing is the library, which is capable of containing 100,- 000 volumes. The reading room adjoins the library.. The lecture room, which is capable of containing 1,200' persons, is in the second story, in the centre of the> main building. This room is 100 feet long, and a width of 75 feet has been secured by occupying part of the towers. On either side of the lecture room are^ 3* 30 THE STRANGER'S GUIDE-BOOK rooms 50 feet square. The one on the east is for ap- paratus, &c., and that on the west is occupied by Stan- ley's gallery of Indian paintings, and other collections. The offices and business rooms are in the towers. The Board of Regents meet in the second story of the south tower. In this room are preserved the personal eftects of Mr. Smithson. The grounds around the building are beautifully laid out and well cared for. A. J. Downing, the dis- tinguished horticulturist and landscape gardener, laid out the grounds, but he died w^hile prosecuting his plans, and the American Pomological Society, of which Mr. D. was one of the original members, erected to his memory a monument which cost $1,600. This monument occupies a place in the grounds, and is a feature of interest to visitors. The Smithsonian is open daily from 9 to 3 o'clock, and during the winter season, free lectures upon scien- tific subjects are given. STATE DEPARTMENT. An unpretending brick building, in the same en- closure with the President's house, but northeast of it, and on the corner of Pennsylvania avenue and Fif- teenth street, is occupied by the Department of State. It is two stories high above the basement, the latter being built of freestone. The length of the building is 160 feet ; width 55 feet. Broad passages run the ■entire length of the building on both floors, and on •either side are the offices of the Secretary and Assist- TO WASHINGTOI?^ CITY. 31 ant Secretary of State, and of the clerks and other em- ployes of the Department. The library of books, maps and charts in this building is immense, and nnmber over 15,000 distinct works. Copies of all works copy rii!;h ted in this country are also carefully preserved in this Department, and the volumes num- ber at this time 12,000 or 14,000. In this unpretend- ing building is transacted all the business of the Gov- ernment with foreign countries. The original of the Declaration of Independence, and other papers of his- toric note and interest to American citizens, may all be seen here. This building is surrounded by an iron fence ; the grounds enclosed being tastefully ornamented with shade trees. On the northern front of the building is a portico of the Ionic order of architecture. WAR DEPARTMENT. The building in which the business connected with the Department of War is transacted, is situated in the northwest corner of the grounds partly occupied by the "White House, and is a building somewhat similar to that occupied by the State Department. Like the lat- ter, it was originally only two stories high, but the great increase of business during the civil war necessi- tated the addition of another story. The dimensions of the building are 130 feet long by 60 wide. Like the State Department, this building also has a portico of the Ionic order, facing north. Its interior arrangement is similar to that of the State Department building. 32 THE steangee's guide-book Here is transacted all business connected with Army operations. The accumulation of business, consequent upon the war, has caused a great increase of the cleri- cal force over what it was in former years, wben but a few thousand men constituted tlie Federal army. The floors of the rooms in the building are nicely carpeted, and the walls are decorated with pictures representing battle scenes. NAYY DEPARTMENT. The Navy Department is situated directly south of the War Department, and within a few yards of it. The building is similar in construction to those occu- pied by the War and State Departments. It is three stories high ; a new story having been added recently. Here is transacted all business connected with Naval operations. The rooms of the building are well fur- nished, and the walls are adorned with portraits of Naval heroes. Trophies captured in Naval fights may at times be seen here. The grounds of this building, as well as those around the War Department, are en- closed by neat iron fences, and are ornamented by numerous shade trees. NAVY YARD. The Navy Yard is over a mile east of the Capitol, on the Eastern branch of the Potomac River. It covers an area of about 20 acres, and is enclosed on the land TO T^'ASHINGTON CITY. 33 side by a massive brick wall. The entrance is at the foot of Eighth street east, and is through a handsome arched gateway, the design of the architect Latrobe. This yard is one of the most extensive in the Union, and keeps in constant employ an immense number of workmen, who are continually engaged in the manu- facture of anchors, chain cables, steam engines, boilers, sails, and every description of article necessary to the building, repair, or fitting out of vessels of war. The yard is always in a neat and cleanly condition, and the arrangements of the workshops are perfect in all details. Near the entrance (inside) are buildings for the residence of the Commandant of the yard, and for other officers on duty there. Near the gate are large cannon, captured by Com. Decatur at Tripoli ; and other trophies of victory may be seen at different points in the yard. War vessels of the largest draught, and smaller ves- sels, are always lying off the yard for repair; while new vessels are oftentimes being constructed. "War vessels of foreign friendly nations also frequently come up and anchor off the yard. All the departments of the yard, including the ship houses, iron and brass founderies, ordnance department, machine shops, pyrotechnical laboratory, rolling mill, &c., should be visited. There are two immense ham- mers here, one of which weighs 3,600 lbs., and the other 2,240 lbs., both of which always prove attractive to visitors. On Eighth street east, and a short distance north of the Navy Yard, are the Barracks for the United States Marines, which are enclosed by a heavy brick wall. 34 THE STEANGER'S GinDE-BOOK THE AESEISTAL. At some distance soutli of the Capitol, and at tlie junction of the Eastern Branch with the Potomac, on what is known as Greenleaf's Point, is situated the "Washington Arsenal. It is surrounded on three sides by water, and presents a fine appearance. Here are prepared all kinds of ordnance, by the best and latest improvements in machinery adapted to the purpose. The storehouse and buildings are spacious, and are filled with warlike instruments of all kinds. Besides, there are collected here a number of famous batteries which have done good service in wars in which the United States have been engaged. Among them are the famous batteries of Bragg and Duncan, which did such splendid execution in Mexico. Many old pieces used or captured in the Revolution of 1770 are also to be seen here. In the model ofiice are patterns of all sorts of arms and equipments; not only such as are in use in our own, but also in foreign armies. Two buildings, which present the appearance of pyramids, contain machinery for testing the strength and quality of gunpowder. COLUMBIAN ARMORY. This building was designed as a depository of arms for the District of Colum*bia militia, and of national trophies, relics, flags, &c. It is built of brick, painted white, and is three stories high ; 103 feet long and 57 feet wide. It is a fine piece of architecture. Iron col- TO WASHINGTON CITY. 35 amns support the floors of the second and third stories. It is situated on the "Island," between Sixth and Sev- enth streets; on the "Mall" or public ground between the Capitol and Smithsonian Institute. THE CITY HALL. The citizens of Washington have one building, which, for beauty and architectural design, is not in- ferior to any belonging to the U. S. Government, and that is the City Hall, which is situated at the north end of Four-and-a-Half street, on what is known as Judiciary square. The structure is of the Ionic order of architecture, and was designed by George Iladfield, and commenced in 1820; but delays occurred, audit was not completed until 1850. The length of the building is over 200 feet from east to west. The main building is 150 feet long, and two wings, each 166 feet from north to south, and 47 feet in height from projec- tions on either side. Between these wings there is a stone pavement 61 feet wide. A magnificent portico in tlie centre is studded with 18 Ionic columns. Tun- nel-shaped passages run under each projection, and on either side are rooms occupied as oflices by various corporation officers. There is also a portico at the south end of each projection. In the eastern projection are the offices of the clerks of the Courts and of the marshal of the District. The corporation offices and Council Chambers occupy the western projection. The court rooms are in the main building, on either side of the large portico. The building presents a really im- 36 THE stranger's guide-book posing appearance. The grounds around it have been laid out in fashionable style, and when completed and the trees begin to grow, the park will be one of the handsomest in the city. SOLDIERS' HOME. On a high plateau, three miles north of the Capi- tol, is the " Soldier's Home " or " Military Asylum." The site was selected by General Scott, the object being the establishment of a home for the wornout veterans of the United States Army. From its eleva- tion a charming view is had of all the surrounding country. The main building is 593 feet long, and is built after the Norman style of architecture, of East Chester marble. A mess room 60 feet long is in the rear of the main building. Two smaller buildings, one 52 by 40 feet, and the other 48 by 40 feet, are near the main building, and are known as officers' quarters. The Presidents of the United States have, for a few years past, occupied one of these last-men- tioned buildings as a summer resort. The drives lead- ing to this retreat are exceedingly fine and romantic. NATIONAL OBSERVATORY. The National Observatory, which has already played a prominent part in the world of science, was erected during the administration of President Tyler, and is situated between the President's house and George- TO WASHINGTON CITY. 37 town, at the distance of about a mile west of the former. The building is two stories high, and is sur- mounted by a movable dome. It is 50 feet square, and there are wings extending east, south, and west. From the top of the building, a magnificent view of Georgetown and the surrounding country as far down as Fort Washington is afforded. The large telescope called the " Equatorial," which is a fourteen-foot re- fractor, is mounted in the revolving dome, and it is worth while to observe the splendid machinery at- tached to it. Smaller telescopes are constantly em- ployed searching the heavens ; and besides the astro- nomical observations made here, chronometers forthe use of the Navy are thoroughly tested ; researches- are ■ made as to tides, currents, &c., and longitudes are de- termined with great accuracy by the aid of the electric telegraph. This observatory occupies a high rank among the similar institutions of the world, and longi- tude and latitude are now reckoned from it as frequent- ly and as accurately as from Greenwich. The Observ- atory lies in north latitude 38° 53' 39", and west longi- tude 77° 2' 48" from Greenwich, and is itself a meridian. The time for Washington and Georgetown is regulated ^ here by a black ball, which, at precisely 12 o'clock on each day, is let fall from the flagstaff of the Observa- tory. This is one of the most interesting places to visit in the District, and visitors will always find some one in attendance to show and explaia the objects to be • seen. 38 THE stranger's guide-book INSANE ASYLUM. The Insane Asylum, which is built of brick, and is Til feet long, surrounded by highly ornamented .grounds, is situated on a prominent elevation, in a re- ^ tired spot on the east bank of the Potomac, across the Anacostia or Eastern Branch. The style of architec- ture is Gothic. The centre building is enriched with buttresses on the corner, and the windows are finished with hood mouldings of cast iron. Embattled para- pets surround the whole building, and while the fagade presented is extremely simple, it is yet very rich. The institution is admirably conducted, and is worthy a visit. CONGRESSIONAL CEMETERY. The Congressional Cemetery (originally called the *' Washington Parish Burial Ground ") is beautifully situated on the Eastern Branch of the Potomac, about two miles from the Capitol. The grounds are laid out in splendid style, with paths and avenues running all around and through them. Trees and shrubbery or- nament the grounds, and the whole is enclosed by a brick fence. Here repose the remains of high and low, rich and poor, distinguished and obscure. Al- though denominated the ^' Congressional " burying ground, yet Congress has no immediate control over it. Many distinguished men are, however, here in- terred, and rows of plain cenotaphs have been erected, and upon these are inscribed from time to time the TO WASHINGTON CITY. 39 names of such members of Congress as die in Washing- ton, or during their terra of Congressional service. Many of the monuments ar| exceedingly interesting, not only as magnificent works of art, but on account of the distinguished names to be found inscribed upon many of them. * The remains of General Taylor, Henry Clay, John 0. Calhoun, and others whose names are historical, reposed for a while in the vault of this Cemetery. Hero too are monuments in memory of naval heroes, while the red man of the forest has representatives in various graves. MOUNT VERNON-. Mount Vernon belongs to the people of the United States. By contribution they purchased it, and they have full control over it. It is eight miles below Alex- andria, and fifteen below Washington, and occupies one of the most beautiful and romantic sites to be found on the banks of the Potomac. Its great attrac- tion is, however, to be found in the fact that it was the home of Washington, and that his honored re- mains there quietly repose. In the days of Washing- ton, the building no doubt presented a very fine ap- pearance, but the hand of time has lain heavily upon itj and it now presents a somewhat dilapidated appear- ance. There, however, Washington lived, and there he died, and there he and his wife quietly sleep ; and Mount Vernon has therefore become the Mecca to which Americms annually make pilgrimages. A por- tion of the furniture of the house is in the same posi- 40 THE STRANGER'S GUIDE-BOOK tion as when Washington left it ; and among the ob- jects of interest, apart from the buildings and grounds, are pictures of the Was^jington family, the key of the Bastile presented to Washington by Lafayette, and other curiosities. * The mausoleum is of plain brick, and the lid of Washington's white marble sarcophagus is wrought with the arms of his country, and has simply inscribed upon it the one name " Washington." TO WASHINGTON CITY. 41 PART SECOND. TABLE SHOWING THE ANNUAL COMPENSATION OF ALL THE PRINCIPAL OFFICERS AND EMPLOYES OF THE UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT, ALSO THE RANK AND PAY OF OFFICERS, ETC., OF THE ARMY AND NAVY Of THE UNITED STATES, SALARIES OF GOVERNORS OF STATES AND TERRITORIES, ETC. Annval Salaries of the Principal Officers and Employes of the United States Government. EXECUTIVE. Chief Clerk $2,200 Disbursing Clerk 2,000 President $2.^ ftOO Other clerks range irom §1,200 to Messenger Private Secretary Assistant " 2,500 1,500 1,800 900 Vice-President 8,000 Assistant Messenger Laborers and Watchmen, 700 STATE DEPAHTME>fT. each 600 First Comptroller 3,500 Secretary of bt.ite. $8 000 Chief clerk to do Other clerks to First Comp- troller . .$1,200 to 2 000 Assistant " 3 000 Chief Clerk 2,200 2,000 1,600 8,000 Disbursini; Clerk Second Comptroller Superintendent of Statis- Chief clerk to do 2,000 tics . 2.000 Other clerks to do. from Clerks of 4th class, each... 1,800 $1,200 to 1,600 3d " - .. 1,600 Messengers to do 840 '2d " " .. 1,400 Laborers 600 1st " " .. 1,200 First, second, third, fourth, Messenger 900 and fifth Auditors each . 3,000 2,000 Assistant Messenger 700 Chief clerks to do. each.... ■Watchmen, each 600 Other clerks to do. from Salaries of Envoys Extra- $1,200 to 1,600 ordinary. Ministers, Com- Messengers, each 840 missioners, Consuls, and Assistant do. each 700 Secretaries, &c., range Laborers, each 600 frwm $500 to 17,500 Treasurer . ... 8,000 2,000 Chief clerk to do TREASURY DEPARTMENT. Other clerks to do. from $1,200 to 1,800 Secretary of Treasury $8,000 Assistant Treasurer at Bos- Assistant " 4.000 ton 4,000 42 THE stranger's GUIDE-BOOK Ass't do. at Npw York $6,000 • at Philadelphia.. 2,000 at St. Louis 4,000 at Sail Francisco . 4,500 Clerks to above range from $1,200 to 3,500 Messengers to do. from $T00 to 900 Eegi ster of Treasury 8,000 Chiff clerk to do 2,000 Solicitor of Treasury 3,500 Chief clerk to do 2,000 Commissioner of Customs. 3,000 Chief clerk to do 2,000 BITRBAT: op iCONSTEUCXION. Supervising Architect $3,000 Chief clerk to do 2,500 FXITED STATES COAST SUKVEY. Superintendent $6,000 First Assistant do 3,500 Second Assistant SufVt .... 2,500 Third do. do 2,300 Fourth do. do 2,100 Fifth do. do 2,000 Other Assistants do. from $1,000 to 1,900 Sup't Assistants do. from $600 to 1,100 Hydrographlc Inspection.. 2,825 Computers from $1,000 to 1,600 Extra observers 1 ,500 Draughtsmen from $900 to l,Si:0 Engravers from $900 to . . .. 2,000 Instrument maker 1.200 Electrotypist 2,000 Disbursing Agent 2.500 Artificer 1,000 Assistant Sup't of Weights and Measures 2,500 UNITED STATES MINTS. Director of Mint at Phila- delphia $3,500 Treasurer of do 2.000 Assayer of do 2 000 Meltcr and llefiiier of do. . 2,000 Chief Coiner of do 2,000 Engraver of do 2.000 Assistant Assayer of do. .. 1.500 Ass't Mclter and Refiner.. 1,500 Superintendent Treasurer and also Assist- ant Ticasurcrof United States Assayer Melter and Eefiner Assistant Assayer Treasurer's chief clerk Accountant • Weigh clerk Assistant do Bar clerk Director's clerk $1,800 Treasurer's clerks from $1,500 to 1,800 ASSAY OFFICE AT NEAV YORK. $3,500 4,000 3,000 3.000 2,000 2,500 1,S00 1,800 1.600 1,500 BRANCH MINT AT SAN FRANCISCO. Superintendent $4,500 Treasurer 4,500 Melter, Eefiner, Assayer and Coiner, eiich 3,000 Commissioner of Internal Eevenue 4,000 Chief clerk to do 1,800 Supervising Inspector of Steamboats 1,500 WAR DEPARTMENT. Secretary of War $8,000 Assistant do. each 3,000 Chief clerk 2,200 Other clerks from $1,200 to 2,000 Messenirer 900 Assistant do. from $720 to 840 Laborers 600 Adjutant General 3.594 Assistant do. from $1,956 to 2.532 Chief clerk 1,800 Other clerks from $1,200 to 1,600 Messenger 840 Quartermaster General — 3,594 Deputy do 2,244 Assistant do. each 2,532 Clerks to do. from .^1,200 to 1,800 Messengers to (\o 840 Commissary General of Subsistence 2,532 Assistants to do. each 1,956 Second Asst's to do. each. . 1,956 Chief clerk 1.800 I Messenger 840 TO WASHINGTON CITY. 43 Laborers $G00 Paymaster General 2,T40 Acting do 2.740 Additional do 2,740 Chief clerk to do l.SOO Other cli^-ks from |1,200 to 1,6U0 Messenirer 840 Surgeon General 3,594 Assistant do. from $1,354 to 2,532 Clerks to do. from $1,200 to 1,800 Messenger 840 Chief Engineer 3,594 Assistant do 1,950 Clerks to do. from $1,200 to 1,800 Messenger 840 Chief of Topographical En- gineers r 8,594 Assistant do 2,244 Clerks to do. from $1,200 to 1,800 Messengers 840 Laborer 600 Chief of Ordnance 3,594 Assistants to do. from $1,554 to 2.244 Clerks to do. from $1,200 to 1,800 Messenger 840 Judge Advocate General.. 2,532 Deputy do 1,956 (See "The Army," p. 48.) NAVY DKPAETMENT. Secretary of the Navy $3,000 Assistant do 4,000 Chief clerk 2,200 Eegister and Disbursing clerk 2,000 Other clerks from $1,200 to 1,600 Messenger 900 Assistant d.> 700 Chief (.f Bureau of Yard and Docks '. 3,500 Chief clerk do 1,800 Other clerks from $1,200 to 1,400 Civil Engineer 2,C00 Draughtsman 1,400 Messenger 840 Chief of Bureau of Con- struction, Equipment «& liepair 3,500 Chief clerk 1,800 Other clerks, each 1 ,400 Draushtsman 1,400 Clerk to do l,20ii Messenger 840 Engineer in Chief of above, $3,000 Chief clerk to do 1,800 Assistant Engineers 750 Chief of Bureau of Provis- ion and Clothing 8,500 Chief clerk to do 1,800 Other clerks, each. 1.400 Messenger 840 Chief of Bureau of Ord- nance and Hydrography, 3,500 Chief clerk to do 1,800 Other clerks, each 1,400 Draughtsman 1,400 Messenger 840 Chief of Bureau of Medi- cine and Surgery 3,500 Assi-stantdo 2,800 Clerks, each 1,400 Chief of Bureau of Equip- ment and llecruiting 8,500 Chief clerk to do. ...1.... 1,200 Ciiief of Bureau of Naviga- tion '.. 3,500 Chief clerk to do 1,400 Messengers 840 Watchmen 600 Laborers from $240 to 600 (See " The Navy," p. 53.) POST OFFICE DEPARTMENT. Po.«tmaster General $8,000 First, Second and Third Assistants, each 3,000 Chief clerk of Inspection Office 2,200 Principal clerk of Appoint- ment Office 1,800 Principal clerk of Contract Office 1,800 Principal clerk of Finance Office 1,800 Principal clerk of Inspec- tion Office 1,800 Topographer 1,800 Disbursing clerk and Sup"t of Post Office Building.. 2,000 Clerk.s, class No. 3. each'; . . 1.600 Do. No. 2, each... 1,400 Do. No. 1, each.. . 1.200 Temporary clerks, each .. . 1,200 Engineer, &c 1,200 Messengers 900 Assistant do. each 840 Watchmen, each 600 44 THE STEANGER-S GUIDE-BOOK DEPARTMENT OF THE INTEEIOR. Secretary of Interior $8,000 Assistant do 8,000 Chief clerk do 2,200 Disbnrsing clerks, each 2,000 Other clerks from $1,400 to 1,800 Mes-sengers from $700 to. .. 900 Watchmen, eacn 600 Laborers, each 600 Superintendent of Docu- ment Eoom 1,800 Assistant do 1,200 Messenger 700 Packer 900 Laborers, each 600 OFFICE FOR SUPPRESSION OF AF- RICAN SLAVE T]:ADK. Superintendent $2,000 Clerks to do. $1,200 to 1,600 GENERAL LAND OFFICE. Commissioner of Land Office $3,000 Chief clerk 2,000 Kecorder 2,000 Other clerks from $l,2u0 to 1,800 Packers, Laborers, and Watchmen. same as above. Surveyors of Public Lands from $2,000 to 4,500 Chief clerks to do. $1,400 to 4,500 PATENT OFFICE. Commissioner of Patents.. $4,500 Chief clerk 2,500 Chief Examiners, each 8,000 Examiners, each 2,500 Librarian 1,800 Fourth class clerks, each.. 1,800 Machinist 1,600 Third class clerks, each. . .. 1,600 Second Assistant E.xamin- ers, each 1,600 Second class clerks, each.. 1,400 Messengers, each 840 Watchmen, each 600 AGRICULTURAL DIVISION. Commissioner $3,000 Chief clerk 2,000 Disbursing clerk $1,800 Statistical' clerk 1,600 Chemist 1,600 Librarian of Copyrights . . . 1,600 Messenger 600 INDIAN OFFICiJ Commissioner of Indian Aftairs $8,000 Chief clerk 2,000 Other clerks from $1,200 to 1,800 Watchmen, Messengers, &.C., as above. PENSION OFFICE. Commissioner $3,000 Chief clerk 2,000 Other clerks from $1,200 to 1,800 Watchmen, Messengers, &, Laborers, same as above. CENSUS BUREAU. Superintendent. . , $3,000 Chief Clerk 2,000 Disbursing Clerk 2,000 Other Clerks from $1,200 to 1,800 Messengers, Watchmen, &. Laborers, same as above. PUBLIC BUILDINGS. Commissioner $2,000 Clerk to Commissioner 1,200 Messenger t 1,000 Laborer, per month 36.50 Captain of Capitol Police.. 1,740 Police of Capitol, each 1,100 Watchmen in the Crvpt, each "... 800 Gatekeeper at Capitol 876 Watchmen, each 600 Doorkeeper, Assist. Door- keeper, Watchmen, and Fireman at the Presi- dent's House, each 600 Gardener of President 800 Public Gardener 600 Laborers on Public Gro'ds, Watchmen, Lamplight- ers, &c., each 600 METROPOLITAN POLICE COMMIS- SIONERS. President and Commission- ers, each $250 TO WASHINGTON CITY. 45 Treasurer $S50 Superintendent of Police.. 1,500 (;ierk to the Board 1,000 Sergeants of Police, each.. 600 Police Piitrolmen, each per month.. ^ 40 PENITENTIARY Warden $1,800 Deputy Warden 900 Clerk 1,200 Inspectors, each 250 Physician GOO Chaplain 600 Matron COO Guards, each 600 Messenger 660 Night Wall Guard 730 Foreman of Shoe Shop 939 HOSPITAL FOK INSANE. Superintendent, board and |2,500 Assist. Physician, " " 900 Clerk, " " 500 Per month. Male Supervisor, board and $35 Female " " " 15 Male Attendants, each, board and 14 to 18 .Female Attendants, each, board and 10 Carpenter, board and 42.25 Gardener, " '• 85 Tailor, " " 20 Other Workmen, &c., board and from T.OO to 32 Superintendent of Public Printing, per annum 3,000 Clerks, each 1,800 ATTORNEY-GENEUAL. Attorney-General |8,000 Assist. Attorney-General.. 3,000 Clerks, from 1,400 to 1,600 Messenger 900 JUDICIARY— SUPREME COURT. Chief Justice $6,500 Associate Judges, each 6,000 Clerk Fees. Eeporter 1,300 COURT OF CLAIMS. Judges, each $4,000 Solicitors, each $3,500 Deputy ydicitors, each. .. 2,500 Clerk 3,000 DISTRICT COURTS OF UNITED STATES. Judges, from |1,S00 to $5,000 Attorneys, and fees, from 200 to 250 Marshals, " " 200 to 250 Chief Justices of Territo- ries, from $2,000 to $2,500 CONGRESS— SENATE. The compensation of each Senator is $6,000 for each Congress, or $3,0U0 per annum, and mileage at the rate of $8 for every 20 miles of estimated distance by the most usual road from his place of residence to the seat of Congress. Deductions are made for absence, and mileage allow- ed for only two sessions to each Congress. Secretary of the Senate. . . . $3,600 Chief Clerk 2,500 Principal Clerk 2,160 Principal E.xecutive Clerk, 2,160 Other Clerks, each 1,850 Keeper of Stationery 1,752 1st Messengers, each 1,080 Paue 500 Sergeant-at-arms 2,000 1st Assist. Doorkeeper 1,700 M " " each 1,500 Other Messengers, each 1,200 Postmaster 1,750 Assistant Postmaster 1,440 Mail Boys, each 900 Superintendent of Finances 1,200 Assistant do. do 600 Superintendent of Folding Eoom 1,500 Superintendent of Docu- m(fnt Room 1,500 Assistant Superintendents of Document Room, each 1,200 Laborers, from $1.50 to $2.50 Iter day. Chief Engineer of Heating, &c 1,500 Assistant Engineer of Heat- iirg,&c 1,200 There are 2 Senators from each State. 46 THE STEANGER'S GUIDE-BOOK HOUSE OF REPRESKNTATIVES. The compensation of a member or delegate is ihe same as tliat of a Senator, with mileage, &c. Clerk of House of Repre- sentatives $3,600 Chief Clerk 2,160 Journal Clerk 2,160 Assistant Clerks, each 1,800 Librarian 1,800 Temporary Clerks, each... 1.800 Chief Messengers 1,752 Assistant Chief Messengers, each 1.200 Fold, rs, each 1,200 Engineer 1,500 Assistant Engineers, each.. 1,200 Firemen, each $2.00 per day. Laborers, each $1.50 to 2.00. Ser-t anl-at-arms $2,160 Clerk to Sergeant-at-arms . 1,800 Messenger to' " " . 1,200 Postmaster of House of Eei)resentatives ... 2,160 Assi.-tant Postmaster of House of Representatives 1,740 Messensrers, each 1,4 '0 Mail P.oys, each 900 Doorkeeper, House of Rep- resentatives 2,1 CO Assist. Do«rke<'per, House of Representatives 1,740 Superintendent of Docu- ment Room 1,752 Assistant Superintendent of Document Room 1,752 Superintendent of Folding Room 1,800 Messeuirers, from . $1,200 to 1,500 Folders, fi-om $2.50 per day to 1,200 Laborers, from $1.50 to ?3.00 per day. Clirk to Committee of Claims 1,800 Clerk to Committee of Ways and Means .1,800 Messenger to Speaker's Room 1,800 Cha])la:n of House of Rep- resentatives 750 LIBRARY OF CONGRESS. Librarian $2.1 60 S Assistant Librarians, each 1,800 Messenger $1,440 Laborers, each 500 REPRESENTATION IN CONGRESS, BY THE LATE APPORTIONMENT LAW. Alabama 6 Arkansas 3 California 3 Connecticut 4 Delaware 1 Florida 1 Georgia 7 Illinois 14 Indiana H Iowa 6 Kansas 1 Kentucky 9 Louisiana 5 Maine 5 Mary Land 5 Massachusetts 10 Michigan 5 Minnesota 2 Mississippi 5 Missouri 9 New Hampshire 3 New J ersey 5 New York 31 Noith Carolina T. Ohio 19 Oregon 1 Pennsvlvania 24 Rhode Island 2 South Carolina 4 Tennessee 8 Texas: 4 Vermont 3 Virginia H "Wisconsin 6 ANNUAL SALARIES OF THE GOTER- NOK8 OF THE 6T.\Tr:S AND THE LOCATION OF SEAT OF GOVERN- MENT. Maine— Augusta $1,500 New IlAMrSHiuK— Con- cord 1,000 Vermont— Montpelier 1,000 MASS.\cni-SKTTS— Boston . . 8,500 PiioDE Island — Provi- dence and Newport 1,000 Connecticut — Hartford & New Haven 1,100 TO WASHINGTON CITY. 47 New Yoke— Albany $4,000 New Jeksey— Trenton .... 8,000 PENNSYLVANiA-Harrisburg 4,000 Delaware— Dover 1,334 Maryland — Annapolis. — Furnished liouse and 8,000 Virginia— Kichmond North Carolina— Ealeigh SouTU Carolina — Colum- bia Georgia — Milledgeville. .. Florida — Tallahassee Alabama — Montgomery.. Mississippi— Jackson Louisiana— Baton Rouge. Texas— Austin Arkansas- Little.Rock... Tennessee— Nashville Kentucky— Frankfort 2,500 Ohio— Columbus 1,800 Michigan— Lansing 1,000 Indiana — Indianapolis 8,000 Illinois— Springfield $1,500 Missouri— Jefferson City.. 3,000 Iowa— Des Moines 2,000 Wisconsin— Madison 1,250 Minnesota— St. Paul 1,500 Kansas — Topeka • California — Sacramento . 7,000 Oregon — Salem 1,500 Nebraska Territory— Omaha City 2,500 "Washington Territory— Olympia 3,000 Nevada Territory- Car- son City 2,500 Utah Territory — Great Salt Lake City 2,500 Colorado Territory— Denver City 2,500 Dakota Territory — Yankton 4,000 New Mexico Territory — Santa Fe 3,000 48 THE STKANGER'S GUIDE-BOOK THE AKM Y. A TABLE Showing the Bank, Pay, Subsistence, SfC, allowed by Law to the Officers, Privates, and all the various grades in the Army ofthi United States. ^*:j: The i)ay and other emoluments are the same in the volunteer service as in the corresponding grades in the regular army. **.-;: A ration is the food for a soldier for a day, and its commutation value is SO cents. Hence the 40 rations allowed to the lieutenant- general, are equivalent to |12 per day. :(:** Forage is the food for a horse, or other animal employed for draft, &c., and the commutation value for a horse is $8 per month. Hence, for the three horses, $24 per month is the commutation value, :i:*.^ A servant of an officer receives the pay and subsistence of a private soldier. :^*:^ In addition to pay, rations, servants, &c., there are some other allowances which go to make up the total annual pay ; as, the Lieut.- General is allowed $50 per month for horses. RANK OF OFFICERS. General Officees. Lieutcnant-General Major-General Brigadier-General Aids and Military Secretary to Lieut- General, each Senior Aid to General-in-Chief... Aid to Major-General (and pay, &c., of Lieutenant) Aid to Brigadier-General (and pay, &c., of Lieutenant) ,^ •ri •a » ja » •« a § i 1 >. d o o A^ 15 ^ 12; $270.00 40 4 220.00 15 3 4 124,00 12 S 3 80.00 5 8 2 80.00 4 3 2 24.00 1 20.00 ., 1 $9,336.00 5,724.00 8,954.00 2,376.00 2,268.00 884.00 228.00 TO WASHINGTON CITY. 49 RANK OF OFFICERS. § S 1, 1 I. i 1 1 1 o Mounted Dragoons, Cavalry, Rifle- me;^, and Ligut Artillery. Colonel $110.00 95.00 80.00 70.00 53.33 58.33 53.83 10.00 95.80 80.00 70.00 60.00 50.00 45 00 45.00 10.00 10.00 124.00 110.00 95.00 80.00 70.00 110.00 95.00 80.00 70.00 110.00 95.00 80.00 70.00 20.00 6 5 4 4 4 4 4 6 5 4 4 4 4 4 12 6 5 I 6 5 4 4 6 5 4 4 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 3 8 3 1 2 3 3 3 3 1 3 3 3 1 3 I 1 2 2 2 1 1 1 .. 2 2 2 1 1 3 2 2 2 1 2 2 1 2 2 2 1 $2,844.00 Lieutenant-Oolonel 2,556.00 Major 2,268.00 Captain 1,7.58.00 First Lieutenant 1,5.57.96 Second Lieutenant 1,557.96 1,557.96 Adjutant (and pay of Lieutenant) Artillery and Infantry. Colonel 120.00 2,664.00 Lieutenant-Culoael 2 376.00 Major 2,148.00 1,446.00 1,326.00 Second Lieutenant 1,206.00 1,206.00 Adjutant (in addition to pay, &c., of 216.00 Regimental Quartermaster (and pay, 312.C0 Quartermaster's Department. Quartermaster-Gen., ranks as Bri^.-Gen. Ass't-Quarteim'r-Gen., " Colonel... Deputy '* " " Lieut.-Col. Quartermaster, " Major 3,954.00 2.844.00 2,556.00 2,268.00 1,662.00 Adjutant-General's Department. Adjutant-General, ranks as Colonel. Assis't Adj. Gen., " Lt. Col. Second Ass't Adj.-Gen., " Major... Tliird Ass't Adj.-Geu., " Captain Subsistence Department, Commissary-General, ranks as Colonel.. Assis't Com.-General, " Lt.-Col.. Commissary " Major ... Second Commissary, " Captain . Assis't Commissary (and pay of Lieut.). 2,844.00 2,556.00 2,268.00 1,662.00 2,844.00 2,556.00 2,268.00 1,662.00 132.00 50 THE STRANGER'S GUIDE-BOOK EANK OF OFFICERS. Medical Department. Surgeon-General ; Surgeons of 10 years' service " less than 10 years Assis't-Surgeon of 10 years" service 5 '• " " " less than 5 years' service Judge-Advocate, ranks as Major. . . Inspector General, " Colonel. Signal-Officer, " Major . . Paymaster-General Deputy-Paymaster-General Paymaster Engineer, Topographical, and Oed- NANCE Department. Colonel Lieutenant-Colonel Major Captain , First Lieutenant Second Lieutenant Brevet Second Lieutenant 1228.33 80.00 80.00 70.00 70.00 58.33 80.00 110.00 80 00 228.83 95.00 80.00 110.00 95.00 80.00 70.00 53.83 58.33 53.83 $2,740.00 2,700.00 2.268.00 2,094.00 1,G62.00 1,462.00 2,268.00 2,844.00 2.268.00 2,740.00 2,556.00 2,268.00 2,844.00 2,.556.00 2,268.00 1,662.00 1,462.00 1.462.00 1,462.00 Commanding officer of company $10 per month, for responsibility of clothing, arms, &c. Paymasters' clerks, $700 per annum, and 75 cents per day when actually on duty. Chaplains, $40 to $60 per month. • Chaplains in volunteers, as captains of cavalry. TO WASHINGTON CITY. 51 NON-COMMISSIOXSD OFFICEnS, PRIVATES, &0. Monthly Pay.— One Kation to each Man. Artillery (tnd Infantry. SergeaBt-Major $21.00 Q.uartermaster-Serj;oant. . 17.00 Firtt Sergeant " 20.00 Sergeant 17 00 Corporal 13.00 Artificer, Artillery 1 5.00 Musician 12.00 Private 13.00 Principal Musician 21.00 Cavalry. Sergeant Major 21.00 Quartermaster-Sergeant. .. 21.00 Chief Bugler 21.00 First Sergeant 20.00 Sergeant! 17.00 Corporal 14.00 Bugler 13.00 Farrier and Blacksmith . . . 15.00 Private 13.00 Ordnance. Master-Armorer, Master- Carriage-Maker, or Mas- ter-Blacksmith $34.00 Armorer, Carriage-Maker, or Bla-ksmilh 20.00 Artificer' .' 17.00 Laborer 13.00 Sappem, Mitiers, and Povto- niers. Sergeant 34.00 Corporal 20.00 Private, first class 17.00 Private, second class 13.00 Musician 12.00 Medical Cadets 30.00 Hospital Steward, first class 22.00 Hospital Steward, second class 20.00 Matron 6.00 Female Nurse, 40 cents per day, and one ration. INSIGNIA OF RANK. In the United States army, the uniform or dress, style of sword, buttons, epaulets, &c., are prescribed by law ; but a sufficiently distinguishing badge, for the ordinary observer, is the shoulder-strap for the commissioned, and the chevron for ihe non-commissioned officers. Shoulder-Straps. The particular arm of the service is indicated by the color of the strap. General Staff and Corps, dark blue. Infantry^ light blue, ^j'/i^/er?/, scarlet. C^am/r^/, yellow. Jfajor- General Commanding, dark blue, gold-embroider- ed border, three silver-embroidered stars of five rays, centre etar largest. 52 THE stranger's gthde-book Other Major-Generals, the same, but only two stars. Brigadier- General, same, with but one star. Colonel, same, except silver-embroidered spread-eagle, in- stead of stars. Lieutenant- Colonel, same as colonel, but silver-embroi- dered leaf, instead of eagle. Major^ same strap as colonel, but gold leaf. Captaiti, same as colonel, according to corps, omitting eagle, and instead two gold-embroidered bars at each end, parallel to end of strap. First Lieutenant, same as for captain, but only one bar at each end. Second Lieutenant, same as lieutenant, omitting the bars. For Medical Cadet, strap of green cloth, with strip of gold lace in middle. Chevrons (marked on the sleeves of non-commissioned officers). Sergeant-Major^ three bars and an arc, in silk. Quartermaster-Sergeant, three bars, and a tie, in silk. Ordnance-Sergeant, three bars and a star, in silk. Hospital Steivard, half chevron, green, yellow silk, em- broidered, and a " cadiiceus," or Mercury's wand. (See Webster's Unabridged.) First Sergeant, three bars and a lozenge, in worsted. Sergeant, three bars, in worsted. Corporal, two bars, in worsted. Pioneer, two crossed hatchets. To indicate service : non-commissioned officers, musicians, and privates, five years' faithful service, diagonal half chevron on both sleeves; additional half chevron for every subse- quent five years. TO WASHINGTON CITY. 53 THE NAVY. Bank and Faij, as established hy Laxo, in the Navy and dfarine of the United States. By Act of Congress, July, 1SG2, the following nine grades are established, in the active list of line officers of the United States Navy, corresponding in rank with the army officers designated below : 1. Eear Admirals 3. Comtnodores 3. Captains 4. Commanders 5. Lieutenant-Commanders. 6. Lieutenants 7. Masters 8. Ensigns 9 ranking with Major-Generals. " Briiradior-Generals. " Colonels. " Lieutenant -Colonela. " Majors. " Captains. " First Lieutenants. " Second Lieutenants. , Midshipmen. Pat per Annum. Bear-Admiral : At sea 15.000 Shore duty 4,000 Leave of absence, or wait- ing orders 8.000 On retired list 2,000 ConiTnodore : At sea 4,000 Shore duty 8,200 Leave of absence, or wait- in? orders 2,400 On retired list 1,800 Captains : At sea 3,.500 Shore duty 2,800 Leave of absence, or wait- ins orders 2,100 On retired list 1,600 Commanders : At sea 2.800 Shore duty 2,240 Leave of absence, or wait- ing: orders 1,680 On retiivd list 1,400 Lieut.-Commanders : At sea 2,343 5* Shore duty $1,875 On leave, or waiting or- ders 1,500 On retired list 1,300 Lifiideiuiiits : At sea 2,343 Shore duty 1,500 On leave, or waiting or- ders 1,200 On retired list 1,000 3laster8 : At sea 1,500 Shore duty 1,200 On leave, or waiting or- ders 960 On retired list 800 Ensigns : At sea 1,200 Shore duty 960 On leave, or waiting or- ders 768 On retired list 500 3fidsh ipmen 500 Fli-ft Surgeons 8,500 Surgeons (at sea) : First five years 2,200 54 THE STRANGER'S GUIDE-BOOK Second five years $2,400 Third five years 2,600 Fourth five years 2,800 After twenty years 3.000 On other duty. . $2,000 to 2,800 On l^ave, or* waiting or- ders $1,600 to 2,300 Retired Surgeoyis : Rank as commanders 1,100 " lieutenants. 1,000 Passed AssWt Surgeons : At sea 1,500 Other duty 1,400 On leave, or Waiting or- ders 800 Retired $650 to 850 Paymasters (,at sea) : First five years 2,000 Second five years 2,400 Third five vears 2,600 Fourth five vears 2,900 After twenty years 3,00i) On other duty.. $1,800 to 2,800 On leave, or waiting or- ders $1,400 to 2,250 Retired $1,000 to 1,100 Ass't Paymasters (at sea ) : First five years 1,300 After five years 1,500 Other duty $1,000 to 1,200 On leave, or waUing or- der^< $800 to 1,000 Chaplains, paid as lieut's. Prof. Mathematics : On duty 1,800 On leave $960 Boatswains, Gunnrrs, Car- penters, and Sailma- kers (at sea^ : First three years 1,000 Second three years 1.150 Third three years 1,250 Fourth three years 1,350 After twelve years 1,450 On other duty ... . $800 to 1,200 On leave, or waiting or- ders $600 to 1,000 Enffin eers : Chief Engineer (on duty); First five years 1,800 Second five years 2,200 Third five years 2,450 After fifteen years, .... 2,600 On leave of absence, $1,200 to 1,500 First Assistant : On duty 1,250 On leave 900 Second Assistant : On duty 1,000 Oi) leave 750 Third Assistant : On duty 750 On leave 600 Xary Agent: Commissions not exceed 3,000 At San Francisco 4,000 Engineer-in-Chief 3.000 Sec. to Com. of Squadron.. 1,500 Clerk " " .. 500 Pay per Month. Yeomen : In light Bhip $45 In frigate 40 In sloop 80 Mate : Master's 40 Boats wai u's 25 Gunner's 25 Carpenter's 25 Sailmaker's 20 Armorer's 20 Masti-r-at-Arme 25 Ship's ( "orporals 20 Cockswains 24 Quartermasters 24 Quarter Gunners 20 Captains: Of forecastle $24 Of tops 20 Of afterguard 20 Ofhold 20 Coopers 20 Painters 20 Stercards : Ship's 30 Officer's 20 Surgeon's $25 to 40 Paymaster's $30 to 33 Nurses 14 Cooks : Ship's 24 Officer's 20 TO WASHINGTON CITY. 65 Master of Band $20 MiC8icinn.s 12 to 15 Seamen 18 Ordinary Seamen 14 Landsmen 12 Boys $8 and $9 Firemen : First class 30 Second class 25 Coalheuvers 18 RATIONS. Act to establish ayid regulate the Navy Rations^ approved August 29th, 1842. Sec. 1. * * shall consist of the following daily allowance for each person : one pound of salt pork, with half a pint of peas or beans ; or one pound of salt beef, with half pound of flour, and quarter pound of raisins, or dried apples, or other dried fruits ; or one pound of salt beef, with half pound of rice, two ounces butter, and two ounces cheese, together with fourteen ounces biscuit, quarter ounce tea, or one ounce coffee, or one ounce cocoa ; two ounces sugar, and one gill of spirits,* and a weekly allowance of half pound of pickles, or cranberries, half pint of molasses, and half pint of vinegar. Sec. 2. * * fresh meat may be substituted for salt beef or pork, and vegetables or sour-crout for the other articles, usually issued with the salted meats, allowing one and a half pounds of fresh meat for one pound of salt beef or pork, and regulating the quantity of vegetables or sour-crout so as to equal the value of those articles for which they may be sub- stituted. Sec. 3. * * should it be necessary to vary the above- described daily allowance, it shall be lawful to substitute one pound of soft bread, or one pound of flour, or half pound of rice, for fourteen ounces of biscuit ; half pint of wine for a gill of spirits; half pound of rice for half pint of beans or peas ; half pint of beans or peas for half pound of rice. When deemed expedient by President, Secretary of Navy, * Abolished, and commutation value in lieu thereof, four cents. 66 THE steangee's guide-book commander of fleet or squadron, &c., the articles of butter, cheese, raishis, dried apples, or other dried fruits, pickles, and molasses, may be substituted for each other and for spirits ; provided the article substituted shall not exceed in value the articles for which it may be issued, according to scale of prices which is or may be established for the same. Sec. 4. * * in cases of necessity, the daily allowance of provisions may be diminished or raised, by the discretion of the senior officer present in command ; but payment shall be made to the person whose allowance shall be thus diminished, according to the scale of prices which is or may be established for the same. INSIGNIA OF RANK. • As with the army, the navy regulations prescribe the uni- form of the different ranks of officers, chapeau, cap, sword, epaulets, &;c. It is deemed necessary here merely to indicate the style of Siioulder-Strap. For an Admiral, of navy blue, gold-embroidered border, silver foul anchor in centre, and silver star at each end. For a Commodore, same as for an admiral, except to be but one star. For Captain, as for commodore, except device, silver eagle and anchor. For a Commander, as for captain, except device, a silver anchor in middle, with silver-embroidered leaf at each end. For Lieutenant- Commander, as for commander, except leaves embroidered in gold. For Lieutenant, same as for lieutenant-commander, ex- cept, instead of leaves, two gold-embroidered bars each side of anchor. TO WASHINGTON CITY. 57 For Major, same as for lieutenant, except but one bar each side anchor. For Ensigyi^ same as masters, but without bars. MARINE CORPS, «3 o a -2 1 m t>> _>> ^ .a "ri TS o o d S "^ ^ ^ 195 2 12. 8 SO 2 10 8 SO 2 5 .... 70 2 4 8 70 2 8 80 2 4 3 70 1 4 1 60 1 4 50 1 4 45 1 4 .... is o Colonel Commandant Lieutenant-Colonel : Commanding On leave Major : Commanding On It^ave Staff-Majors : Adjutant and Inspector, Paymaster and Quartermaster Siaf-Captain : Assistant-Quartermaster Captains First Lieutenants Second Lieutenants $3,282.00 2,888.00 2,047.50 2,544.00 2,106.00 3 2,250.00 1,656.00 1,428.00 1.308.00 1,248.00 Ordinary marines or privates, $13 per month. C'()mmis>ioneil officers, an added ration for each five years' service. Pay and subsistence allowed for each servant, $23.50 per month. 58 THE STKANGEK'S GFLDE-BOOK ec«o (MO 310.87 42.10 22.60 6n..59 16.67 101.06 80.63 251.14 o? 1 : :%^. : : : : :s^ioS : : : ■6.87 85.50 '8.52 Z 40,90 5 too T-4oo 324.74 12.14 9.72 19.41 40.82 1.47 231.53 6.72 6.78 2.14 ^ 12 85 5.93 163.22 709.38 16.88 1 2 ^ C^ CO 294..34 24.85 27.28 64.70 13.42 101.45 37.03 251.18 20.76 89.98 7.76 23.14 23.95 87. S9 2,77.5.06 19.68 T— O I — 1C5 t~ «o Ifi to — I ( JCOtO-^-C^OiOtOCOCOO OlCOlOC^— OODCt— rr«D^*-*Mii-( co<7» JO'^lco-^^col•»o•<4* i-H C0_^lO.iO t-^iO^CO^O^CC O iO to C5 S*,'^,'W,0'i<5>. eo'-^r ,-.'— 'cTh.^'r-r-^'or ^r'to'aTi-'so' ic'— '''-"' CO (>1 •lO r-C« ; -rji id CO -^ O CC « ^M ) r^ !-■ Oi (N r-( 2*^S C^ CO lO 'O "M T-i lO lO O CO — O « CO — T-it-COCOfM-^JO— 'fMOOT-iCi — OO O O 0,t- CO IC •<* f- O^b- CO^^O-J^O^ CO CO_^ 'm'"«o"— «3 TJH (M T-l 03--t<00 10CCC0C0O5(M^OOC»(M--^ iO^Tt< CC__0 Tt 0_r^ CO Cft 05 CO_CO t- O^T- CO" iffcvO'© O'co'os't^ OOr-T 0J05C»OOC0t--e000C0(M-rJ-(3i-i-IO Ot-C5COOCOCO«OOCOC0 05CO^^ iC lO «0 t- T-i 'OD^CO CN to CO b-_^* CO < Oi-.cS . M rt o S) o -J ^5 60 THE STEANGER'S GUIDE-BOOK oi irf «d t " (>JCO I Tf t- O ■ CC OS 05 O I-- ©J -^ Oa CO «0 IC t- 00 «o »o' -^ 05 CO o «5 Til ^ o o ov co' 'J ^ (N 0501 rH CcaoTtOCO(MTf-0 lOCOCCCOC-li-^COCOCO OOCOCCCOCO O Tl< CO o o ; c3 "ti.2.2.2 § ccCOOi-i . C C OJ £^-3 g ^ S rt 5 ." = 5 • c o^ S a i^l^Uo ^ ;^ .2 ta c s .^ f- tf] c =J 5 § t>. o fl5 =:;:=; s a a. c c o <^ <1 <5 -<<-<) o TO WASHINGTON CITY. 61 OOt-COiHO COCOifJCOb-cyj T-(00OJeO>CO> -- . - i-I o oi ^ t-^ b-^ CO CO 05 on (ji •^' lO CO ot' o oJ t-r-lC0«O rH OOOr-O (M 01 l^J Tt< tK rH O CO CO rl 1-1 ICOCOlO ; CO 55 Tj; O O -"t Tti o iO OCOO(MO T-H -rjl «0 Tjl O io'"to''«o'"o't-^ Ot-cc-^eo coo't-" t« ? 3 => •- ^ oj 5 J< IM CO Q _- , ,. _ 00 CO'^»~-COCS-^0 10 05T)< (yiOlf5T-ch-OOSO«^ «ib- ocoix) lo I— co05iooj«r>t-.oor-i(Ma^ cOr-co^ococcTti,-! Tt*-* CO •— ;= ^ = o ^ o ^^^^^^^ =i^ ^^^jSII^ o S o « CO M C"E 2 H)^*^ W Hi o >. , K S S S W |l^ c« S -s C3 o TO WASHINGTON CITY. 63 Sg oseoeo-H'eoosocoor?- eO -^ l- 0^O-*'^'+O (M COOTjl Ci'TJI-t-O^Or-OOS — OJCO I— — .COCfl — •<#0-r-lO^-»fCOOi O Oh-tO CO C0_ -+_0t' 00 Tl<_iO_iO C5THO-* '^COI— ■^100«OOOa5CO_^03 t)' C0'~^'"o" o" «o'l_-f( ' "* ■^ -^ r-( d : \ • 2 ^ 3 A C 11 ^ c3 = -^ 1| ^ 3 3 - -c* .S .2 2 a ■» T 2 b -i: :5 = .- ^ ■^■'^Qow;^;^!^:^oo^ Hoii3;^£icH<;fiEc(Se^ i^ 3 c^ ^1 t3 o V o ^ o "H g = s: ■^5 2 c3rt<»a^ai«>»cj^coCtHx:.~ !z;^;2i^!z;l2;^;z;^;z;;z;^ p, ji, A. P4 a, la, Ph i. P^ Ph Ph ?h aMP^P^ 64 THE STRANGER'S GUIDE-BOOK C^ O— 1 ?> 00- T-lODlOOO i-iCOC-IiO-S'CCCOt-; .-^C-lOfl (M CO t-lOTf o — 0-1 • «5tH t— O^T—i^Jt— GOiCt-i -* -rH t~C5i-( t~t— -* »0 «0 OiMOlOOS^^CO jc •*"!-<" th" T-'o'iM'io'f-^'^'ooo' of coo" b-^ eo" c't-^h-^t-Tco—r o r-l r-l Ol Ol r-lt- CO 0> t-( t-( -* t-I r-i r-l r-i ,o tn c ^ > •- c4 o a ■ '■■ 1) 61 W*S -■2 ,; o s c - I- a; 1) ti . o '. ^ .£ .5 S H .E — ^ TO WASniNGTON CITY. 65 PART THIRD, CONTAIN ING TABLES, COMPILED FROM LATE CENSUS REPORT, OF VALUABLE AND INTERESTING STATISTICS ALSO, TABLES SHOWING DIS- TANCE FROM WASHINGTON TO PRINCIPAL CITIES — RATES OF DOMESTIC POSTAGE — STAMP DUTIES MONEYS, WEIGHTS, AND MEASURES. t Valuable and Interesting Statistics, compiled from the eighth Census Report of the United States, for the gear ending June 1st, 1860. Total number of deaths for the year ending June 1, 1860 392,821 deaf and dumb in U. S 15,077 deaf and dumb schools 22 teachers in same 130 pupils in same 2,000 blind 12,635 blind schools 23 blind inmates in same 1,126 insane 23,999 idiotic 18,865 Total value of products of industry $1,900,000,000 agricultural implements pro- duced 17,802,514 Total number of tons of pig iron produced 884,474- Total value of same $19,487,990 Total number of tons of bar and rolled iron produced 406,298 6* 66 THE stranger's guide-book Total value of same $22,248,796 steam engines and machinery, exclusive of sewing machine 47,118,550 Total number of sewing machines 116,330 Total value of same $5,605,345 production of iron foundries 28,546,656 Total number of tons of coal produced 15.173,409 Total value of same $19,365,765 nickel produced 28,176 zinc " 72,600 lead " 977,281 copper " 3,316,516 printing 39,678,043 clothing made 64,002,975 sawed and planed lumber made 95,912,286 flour and meal 223,144,369 spirituous liquors 24, 253, 1 76 malt liquors '. 18,001,135 cotton good-; 115,113,926 "woollen and mixed goods man- ufactured 68,865,963 leather produced 63,690,751 boots and shoes 89,549,900 India rubber goods 5, 729 ,900 furniture 22,701,304 musical instruments 5,791,807 jewelry and silver ware 19,554,580 illuminating gas. 11,224,380 salt 2,265,302 fisheries (produce of) 12,924,092 soap and candles 16,960,542 Total number of banks 1,642 capital " $421,890,095 loans " 691,495,580 spe<'ie " 83,564,528 circulation " 207,102,477 deposits » 253,802,129 Total value assessed of real estate 6,973,106,049 personal property 5,111,553,956 Total true value of real estate and personal property 16,159,616,068 Total number of acres of improved land 163,261,389 unimproved land 246,508,244 TO WASHINGTON CITY. 67 Total cash value of farms $6,650,872,507 implements, &c., on same 247,027,496 Total number of horses produced 6,115,458 asses and mules " 1,129,553 milch cows " 8,728,862 working oxen " 2,240,075 other cattle " 14,671,400 sheep " 23,317,756 swine '' 32,555,267 bushels of wheat" 171,183,381 bushels of rye " 20,976,286 bushels of Indian corn produced 830,451,707 busiiels of oats " 172,554,688 pounds of rice " 187,140,173 pounds of tobacco " 429,390,771 bales of 400 lbs. each of gin cotton " 5,198,077 pounds of wool " 60,511,343 bushels of peas and beans " 15,188,013 busbels of Irish potatoes " 110,571,201 busbels of sweet do. " 41,606,302 bushels of barley " 15,635,119 buckwheat " 17,664,914 Total value of orchard products $19,759,361 Total number of gallons of wine produced 1,860,008 Total value of products of market gardens 15,541,027 Total number of pounds of butter produced 460,509,854 pounds of cheese " 105,875,135 tons of hay " 19,129,128 bushels of clover seed " 929,010 bushels of grass seed " 900,386 tons of dew-rotted hemp " 83,247 tons of water-rotted " " 3,943 other prepared " " 17,300 pounds of hops " 11,010,012 pounds of flax " 3,783,079 busbels of flaxseed " 611,927 pounds of silk cocoons " 6,502 pounds of maple sugar " 38,863,884 hhds. of 1,000 lbs. each cane sugar " 302,205 galls of cane molasses " 16,337,080 gaUs. of sorghum " » 7,235,025 68 THE stranger's guide-book Total number of gallons of maple molasses pro- duced, 1,944,594 pounds of beeswax " 1,357,864 pounds of honey " 25,028,991 Total value of home made manufactures $24,358,222 slaughtered animals 212,871,653 Total number of political newspapers and peri- odicals 3,242 religious " " 277 literary " " 298 miscellaneous " " 234 Total circulation of the same 927,951,548 Total number of miles of railroads 30,598,077 Total cost of construction of same, &c $1,134,452,909 Total number of vessels of all kinds built 1,071 Total tonnage of same 212,892 Table showing flie Distances from Washington to the prin- cipal Cities : From Washington to Baltimore, Md 40 Harrisburg, Pa 125 Kichmond, Va 130 Philadelphia, Pa 138 New York, N.Y 225 Springfield, Mass 363 Albany, N. Y 371 Pittsburg, Pa 374 Wheeling, Va 401 Buffalo, N.Y 405 Columbus, Ohio 503 Cleveland, Ohio 529 Boston, Mass 561 Cincinnati, Ohio 601 Indianapolis, Ind 739 Louisville, Ky 745 Chicago, Ills 845 Milwaukee, Wis 927 Nashville, Tcnn 941 St. Louis. Mo 942 TO WASHINGTON CITY. 69 From Washington to Montreal, Canada 962 Detroit, Mich 1129 New Orleans, La 1424 Trains leave Washington 6 30, 8 00, and 11 15 A. m., and 3 00, 5 00, and G 30 p. m., for Baltimore. For the North and East, take the 8 and 11 15 A. m., and 3 and G 30 p. m. For the West, G 30 A. m. Hates of Postage for the United States^ according to an Act of Congress to go into effect on and after July \st^ 1863. LETTER POSTAGE. All letters to any part of the United States, weigh- ing half ounce 3 cents. Each additional half ounce or fraction 3 If the postage is partly prepaid, the unpaid postage will be charged at double rates. TRANSIENT BIATTER. One package to one address, not exceeding 4 ounces 2 cents. ' over 4 and not exceeding 8 ounces 4 over 8 and not exceeding 12 ounces 6 over 12 and not exceeding IG ounces 8 BOOKS. Books not exceeding 4 ounces, to one address 4 cents. over 4 ounces and not exceeding 8 ounces 8 over 8 ounces and not exceeding 12 ounces 12 over 12 ounces and not exceeding 16 ounces 16 70 THE stranger's GUIDE-BOOK UNSEALED CIRCULARS. Unsealed circulars, not exceeding 3 in number, to one address 2 cents. over 3 and not exceeding 6 4 over 6 and not exceeding 9 6 over 9 and not exceeding 12 8 If the postage is partly prepaid, the unpaid postage will be charged double rates. STAMP DUTIES, Imposed by the Act of 1862, to go into effect on and after October \st, 1862. No stamp appropriated to denote the duty charged on any particular instrument, and bearing the name of such instru- ment on its face, shall be used for denoting any other duty of the same amount, or, if so used, the same shall be of no avail. No vellum, parchment, or paper bearing a stamp appro- priated by name to any particular instrument, shall be used for any other purpose, or, if so used, the same shall be of no avail. In all cases where an adhesive stamp shall be used for denoting any duty imposed by this Act, the person using or affixing the same shall write upon it the initials of his name, or deface the same in such a manner as to show distinctly that such stamp has been used, under a penalty of $50. Any person may present to the Commissioner of Internal Revenue any instrum.ent, and inquire his opinion whether the game is chargeable with any duty : and if the said Commis- sioner shall be of opinion that it is not chargeable with any stamp duty, he is required to impress on it a particular stamp, with Avords to signify that it is not chargeable with TO WASHINGTON CITY. 11 Stamp duty ; and every instrument on which said stamp is im- pressed, shall be received in evidence in all courts, notwith- standing objections on the ground of such instrument being without the proper stamp. Bank Cheeky or Draft at Sight. For amount exceeding $20 02 Promissory Note or Draft. Other than at sight or on demand, of From$ 20 to $100 05 100 to 200 10 200 to 350 15 350 to 500 20 500 to 750 '. 30 750 tol,000 40 1,000 to 1,500 60 1,500 to 2,500 1 00 2,500 to5,000 1 50 Every additional $2,500 or fraction thereof. $1 00 Certificate of Stock. In Incorporated Company 25 Certificate of Profits, In Incorporated Company, for an amount not less than $10, nor exceeding$50 10 Exceeding $50 25 Power of Attorney/. To transfer stock, bonds, or scrip 25 To receive dividends or interest 25 To vote, by proxy 10 Broker's Note. Or Memorandum of sale 10 72 THE STEANGEE'S GUIDE-BOOK Passage Ticket. To a foreign port, if of less price than $30 50 If exceeding $30 1 00 Bill of Lading. For goods and merchandise exported to foreign ports, each 10 Manifest for Entry or Clearance. Of cargo of vessel for foreign port, if tonnage does not exceed 300 tons 1 00 From 300 to 600 tons 3 00 Exceeding 600 tons 5 GO Protest of Note^ c&c, or Marine Protest, &c 25 Certificate of Deposit. For a sum not exceeding $100 02 Exceeding $100 05 Bill of Exchange {Foreign) In sets of 3 or more, not exceeding $150., 03 From $150 to $250 05 250 to 500 10 500 to 1,000 15 1,000 to 1,500 20 1,500 to 2,250 30 2,250 to 3,500 60 3,500 to 5,000 70 5,000 to 7,500 1 00 On every additional $2,500, or fraction thereof 30 Bill of Exchange (Foreign), or Letter of Credit, drawn simply, or other than in a set of three or more, the same as Promissory Note or Draft at sight. Warehouse Receipt. For goods on storage. 25 TO WASHINGTON CITY. 73 Express Compantjs or Common Carrier\s Receipt. Where compensation is 25 cents or less 01 From 25 cents to $1 02 Exceeding %\ 05 T^elegraphic Dispatch. The charge for which does not exceed 20 cents for the first ten words Or When it does exceed 20 cents for the first ten words 03^ Mortgage, or Bond. To secure a debt of from $100 to $500 50- 500 to 1,000 1 00 1,000 to 2,500 2 00' 2,500 to 5,000 5 00 5,000 to 10,000 10 OOt 10,000 to 20,000 .15 00^ Every additional $10,000, or fraction thereof 10 00 Bond. To indemnify a surety ^.... 50' Bond, Other than those required in legal proceedings, an^such as are not otherwise charged herein 25 Probate of Will, or Letter of Administration. Where the estate does not exceed $2,500 50 From $2,500 to $5.0C0 1 00 5,000 to 20,000 2 00 20,000 to 50,000 5 00 50,000 to 100,000 10 00 100,000 to 150,000 20 00 For every additional $50,000, or fraction thereof. 10 00 Original Writ. Kxce])t those issued by a Justice of the Peace, and those issued in criminal prosecxitions by the United States, or any State 50' 7 74 THE STRANGER'S GUIDE-BOOK Deed of Grant. Where the consideration is more than $100, and not ex- ceeding $500 50 From $500 to $1,000 1 00 1,000 to 2,500 2 00 2,500 to 6,000 5 00 5,000 to 10,000 10 00 10,000 to 20,000 20 00 Every additional $10,000, or fraction thereof. 20 00 Power of Attorney. To sell or lease real estate 1 00 To receive rent 25 Lease. For 3 years, or less 50 For more than 3 years 1 00 Policy of Insurance. On any life or lives, where the amount insured does not exceed $1,000 25 From $1,000 to $5,000 50 Exceeding $5,000 1 00 Fire and Marine Risks 25 Certificate of Damage^ d'c. And all other documents issued by any portwardeu or marme surveyor. 25 Charter Party^ Or any letter or memorandum relating to the charter of any vessel. If the registered tonnage does not exceed 300 tons $ 3 00 From 800 to 600 tons 5 00 Over 600 tons 10 00 TO WASHINGTON CITY. 75 Entry of Goods. At Custom House, not exceeding in value $100 25 From $100 to $500 50 Exceeding $500 1 00 Entry, For withdrawal of goods from bonded warehouse 50 Certificate^ Other than those mentioned above 10 Agreement, Other than those mentioned above (or any appraise- ment), for every sheet or piece of paper on which it is written 05 PENALTIES. Penalty for making, signing, or issuing any instrument, document, or paper of any kind whatsoever, without the same being duly stamped, for denoting the duty hereby imposed thereon — $50 ; and the instrument shall be deemed invalid and of no effect. Penalty for making, signing, issuing, accepting, or paying any bill of exchange, draft, order, or promissory note, without stamp— $200. Penalty for accepting or paying a foreign bill of exchange without first affixing a stamp — $100. Penalty recoverable from any telegraph company for re- ceiving or transmitting any message without the proper ad- hesive stamp being aihxed to a written copy thereof — $10. Penalty recoverable from any express company, for re- ceiving for transportation any package or article of any de- scription, without giving therefor a receipt properly stamped, BO as to denote the duty imposed by this act —$10. 16 THE stranger's GUIDE-BOOK EXEMPTIONS The stamp duties on express companies' receipts, do not extend to receipts for articles or packages transported for the Government, nor to receipts for articles or packages trans- ported by such companies without charge thereon. The stamp duties on passage tickets, bills of lading, and manifests, do not extend to vessels plying between ports o" places in the United States and ports or places in British North America. TABLES OF MONEY, WEIGHTS, AND MEASURES Of the United States. MONEY. The national currency of the United States is termed the Federal Currenc}', and is the most convenient of that of any nation on the globe, its different denominations proceeding in a decimal proportion. 10 mills = 1 cent, c. 10 cents = 1 dime, d. 10 dimes = 1 dollar, .$ 10 dollars = 1 eagle, e. There are also coined 3-cent pieces, half dimes, quarter dollars, half dollars, quarter eagles (.$2 50), $3 pieces, half- caglcs ($5), and double eagles (-$20). The mill is an imagi- nary coin. The cent is a copper or nickel coin ; the eagle and its fractions, and also the $3 pieces, are gold ; the dollar is coined in both gold and silver, and the other coins are silver. TO WASHINGTON CITY. 11 WEIGHT. Avoirdupois Weight. 16 drams = 1 ounce, oz. 16 oz = 1 pound, /6. 28 lbs = 1 quarter, qr. 4 qrs = 1 hundred, cwt. 20 cwt = 1 ton 175 troy pounds = 144 pounds avoirdupois 1 pound troy = 5760 grains 1 lb. avoir = 7000 grains Troy Weight. 24 grains, gr. = 1 pennyweight, dwt. 20 dwt = 1 ounce, 02. 12 oz = 1 pound, Ih. Gold, silver, and jewels, are weighed by this weights Apothecaries^ Weight. 20 grains ~ 1 scruple, 3 3 3 =r 1 dram, 3 8 3 = 1 ounce, ^ 12 3 — 1 pound, ttj This weight is used by apothecaries and physicians iu' compounding medicines ; but drugs and medicines are bought and sold by avoirdupois weight. The pound and ounce voi this weight are the same as the troy pound and ounce. n THE stranger's GUIDE-BOOK ME A STJRE. Long Measure. 3 barleycorns = 1 inch 12 inches = 1 foot 3 feet = 1 yard 5i yards = 1 rod, perch, or pole 40 rods or perches = 1 furlong 8 furlongs = 1 mile 6 feet = 1 fathom 4 inches = 1 hand 3 miles = 1 league 60 naut. or geog. miles =z 1 degree 69^ statute miles == 1 degree, nearly 9 inches = 1 span 18 inches = 1 cubit Lo7ig Measure is used in measuring distances, where length only is considered. Square Measure. 144 sq. inches = 1 sq, foot 9 sq. feet r= 1 sq. yard 2?2i:U"''°1 = ls,..od,per.h,orpo.e 40 sq. rods • = 1 rood 4 roods or > , 160 sq. rods \ - ^ ^'''■^ 640 acres = 1 square mi!« Square Measure is used in measuring surfaces, as land, flooring, plastering, &c. Cubic Measure. 1728 cu. inches = 1 cu. foot 27 cu. feet = 1 cu. yard 40 feet of round, or ) , , , , Kc, e .. ex. I- 1 1 = 1 ton, or load 50 leet of hewn timber ) ' 42 cu. feet = 1 ton of shipping 16 cu. feet = 1 foot of wood, or a cord foot 8 cord feet, or ) _ , , 128 cubic feet \ - ^ '^''^'^ TO WASHINGTON CITY. 19 Cubic Meamire is used in measuring solid bodies, having hngth^ breadth., and thickness; as limber, stone, boxes of goods, the capacity of rooms, ships, &c. Cloth 3Ieasure. 2^ inches = 1 nail 4 nails = 1 quarter 4 quarters = 1 yard 3 quarters = 1 ell Hemish 5 quarters = 1 ell English 6 quarters = 1 ell French Is used in buying and selling cloth, ribbons, &c. Measuring Distances. 7 92-100 inches = 1 link 25 links = 1 pole 100 links — 1 chain 10 chains = 1 furlong 8 furlongs = 1 mile Used by engineers, surveyors, &c. Wine Measure. 4 gills = 1 pint 2 pints = 1 quart 4 quarts = 1 gallon 42 gallons = 1 tierce 1^ tierce, or 68 gnl = 1 hogshead 1^ hogshead, or 84 gal =r 1 ])uncheon 1^ puncheon, or 126 gal = 1 pipe 2 pipes = 1 tun 231 cubic inches = 1 gallon 10 gallons = 1 anker 18 gallons = 1 rundlet 31^ gallons = 1 barrel Wine, spirits, cider, vinegar, oil, honey, &c., are measured and sold by this measure. 80 THE STRANGER'S GUIDE-BOOK Ale and Beer Measure. 2 pints =: 1 quart 4 quarts = 1 gallon 9 gallons = 1 firkin 2 firkins = 18 gal. = 1 kilderkin 2 kilderkins = 36 gal. = 1 barrel 1^ barrel = 54 gal, — 1 hogshead ]| hogshead = 72 gal. =: 1 puncheon 1^ puncheon = 108 gal. = 1 butt The ale gallon contains 282 cu. inches. In some of the New England States, the barrel for cider and beer is legally fixed at 32 gal. In other States it is of diflferent capacity. Dry Measure. 2 pints = 1 quart, 5^^ 4 quarts = 1 gallon, ^a^. 2 gallons = 1 peck, pA:. 4 pecks = 1 bushel, 6w. 36 bushels = 1 chaldron 4 bushels, in England... =: 1 coomb 2 coombs = 1 quarter 5 quarters = 1 wey 2 weys = 1 last A gallon, dry measure, contains 268 4-5 cu. inches. This measure applies to all goods that are not liquid, and are sold by measure, as corn, fruit, salt, coal, &c. GO seconds = 1 minute 60 minutes = 1 hour 24 hours = 1 day 7 days = 1 week 4 weeks = 1 month 13 months 1 day 6 hours, ) ^ ^ j^^.^^ or 365 days, 6 hours ) •' 12 calendar months = 1 year Used for computing time. TO WASHINGTON CITY. 81 Circular Motion. 60 seconds, or 60" = 1 prime minute 60 minutes, or 60' = 1 degree," 30 degrees = 1 sign , „ . 0/-A J \ *ti6 whole preat circle 12 signs, or 360 degrees = \ nf H,. .n,"!,',,. of the zodiac Used in measuring latitude and longitude, &c. 82 THE stranger's guide-book PART FOURTH SHOWING THE LOCATION OF THE PRINCIPAL PUBLIC BUILD- INGS, CHURCHES, SOCIETIES, PRIVATE RESIDENCES, BANKS, AND BANKING HOUSES, NEWSPAPERS, ETC., INSURANCE OF- FICES, ETC., ETC., HOTELS, THEATRES, ETC. ETC. Washington City Directory, showing the location of the Churches, Public Offices, and principal places of interest to the stranger and business man. CHURCHES IN WASHINGTON. Baptist. E Street Baptist — E street, between 6th and 7th. First Baptist Church — 1 3th, between G and H. Second Baptist Church (Navy Yard Baptist Church)— Virginia avenue, corner 4th. Fifth Baptist Church— D south, north 4i. Calvary Baptist — Old Trinity Church, 5th street, opposite City Hall. Catholio. St. Aloysius — North Capitol, between I and K north. St. Dominick's (Island) — F, between 6th and 7th. St. Mary's (German) — 372 5f,h west, north G north. St. Matthew's — H north, corner IStli west. TO WASHINGTON CITY. 83 St. Patrick's — F north, corner 10th west. St. Peter's — 2d east, corner C south. Episcopal. Christ Church (Navy Yard) — G south, hetween 6th and 7th east. Church of the Ascension — II north, between 9th and 10th west. Church of the Epiphany — G north, hetween 13th and 14th. Grace Church (Island) — D south, hetween Sth and 9th. St. John's Church— Opposite the Executive Mansion. Trinity Church — Corner 3rd west and C north. Trinity Mission — 6th west, corner II north. Fkiends' Meeting House. Hicksite — I north, north 20th west. Orthodox — Orthodox Friends' Meeting, 11 o'clock every Sabbath, 371 F north, opposite Patent Office. Jews' Synagogue. Washington Hebrew Congregation — 8th west, between H and I. Lutheran. German Evangelical — Congregation of the Trinity Un- altered Augsburg Confession, 4th west, corner E north. German Evangelical — G north, corner 20th west. St. Paul's — H north, corner 11th west. Methodist Episcopal. East Washington Station — 4th east, between G south and South Carolina avenue. Fletcher Chapel (connected with the McKendree Chapel) — New York avenue, corner 4th west. 84 THE STKANGEPw'S GUIDE-BOOK Foundry Church — G, corner 14th. Gorsuch Chapel — L south, corner i^ west. McKendree Chapel — Massachusetts avenue, between 9th and 10th west. Providence Church — 2d east, corner I north. Ryland Chapel (Island) — 10th, corner D. Union Chapel — 20th west, near Pennsylvania avenue, Waugh Chapel — A north, corner 4th east. Wesley Chapel — 5th west, corner F nor^. Methodist Protestant. East Washington — Virginia avenue north, 5th east. M. P. Church — 9th west, between E and F north. New Jerusalem. North Capitol, between B and C. Presbyterian. First Presbyterian Church — 44^ west, between C and Louisiana avenue. New York avenue Presbyterian Church. — New York avenue, between 13th and l4th west. Fourth Presbyterian Church — 9th, between G and II. Assembly's Church — Massachusetts avenue, corner 5th. Sixth Presbyterian Church — 6th, corner Maryland ave- nue (Island), Seventh Presbyterian Church — 7th west, between D and E south. Western Presbyterian — H north, between 19th and 20th west. Reformed German. German Church St. Paul — 4 J, between C and D (Island). TO WASHINGTON CITY. 85 Unitarian. Unitarian — 6th, corner D. Colored Churches. First Baptist — 19th, corner I. Second Colored Church — Mo. avenue, between 6th and 7th. Asbury M. E. — 11th, corner K. Israel M. E. — South Capitol, corner B south. John Wesley Church — Conn, avenue, between L and M north. Little Ebenezer M. E. — D south, between -tth and 5th east. Union Bethel M. E. — M north, between 15th and 16th west. Union Wesley Chapel — 23d west, L north. Zion Wesley Chapel — D, between 2d and 3d (Island). Presbyterian — 15th west, between I and K north. PUBLIC OFFICES. President's House — Pennsylvania avenue, between 15-J and 16th streets west. ^tate Department — corner of 15th street west and Penn- sylvania avenue. All the offices connected with this Department are in this building. Treasury Department — corner of 15th street west and Pennsylvania avenue — contains offices of Internal Revenue, 1st and 2d ComptroUeis, Register, Commissioner of Customs, 1st, 2d, 8d, 4th, 5th and 6th Auditors' offices, Light House Board, and Coast Survey office. War Department — Pennsylvania avenue, corner of 17th street west. 86 THE steanger's guide-book The following offices connected with this Department arc in this building : Commanding-General, Adjutant-General, Solicitor, Ordnance Bureau. The following are in Winder's Building, opposite to "War Department, 17th street west: Quartermaster-General's, En- gineer Bureau, Topographical Bureau, Commissary-General's office — north H, near 17th street west. Provost-Maxshal's office — north I, corner of 19th street west. Paymaster-General's office — north F, corner of 15th street west. Surgeon-General's office — Pennsylvania avenue, near 15th street west. United States Arsenal — on Greenleaf's Point, south end of 4|: street. Headquarters of Defence of Washington — Pennsylvania avenue, corner of 15| street. Headquarters of Defence of North of Potomac — Pennsyl- vania avenue, corner of 19th street west. Headquarters of Engineers Defence of Washington — ^Penn- sylvania avenue, corner of 19 th street west. Medical Director's office — No. 132 Pennsylvania avenue. Military Gpvernor's office — north I, corner of 19th street west. Discharge office — No. 132 Pennsylvania avenue. Army Clothing Depot — Pennsylvania avenue, corner of 17th street west. Navy Department — 17th street west, next to War De- partment. Offices connected with this Department Idoated in this building are : Bureau of Yards and Docks, Bureau of Con- struction and Repairs, Bureau of Ordnance and Hydrography, Bureau of Equipment and Recruiting,, Bureau of Navigation, TO WASHINGTON CITY. 87 Bureau of Provisions and Clothing, Bureau of Steam Engi- neering. Bureau of Medicine and Surgery — in Winder's Building, opposite. Navy Yard Marine Corps, &c. — at the Navy Yard, Wash- ington. Department of the Interior — Patent Office Building, 7th street west and F street north. Offices located in this building under this Department are, viz. : General Land office, office of Indian Affairs, Pen- sion office, Patent office, Department of Agriculture, Census Bureau. Post Office Department — E street north, between 7th and 8th streets west. All offices connected with this Department are in this building. Commissioner of Public Buildings — office in Capitol Build- ing. Supreme Court of United States — in Capitol Building. Court of Claims — in Capitol Building. Attorney General's office — in Capitol Building. National Printing Office — north of Capitol, corner of H street. Smithsonian Institute — foot of lOth street west. Diploinatic Corps' residences in Washington : Great Britain — 245 H street north. France — 310 H street north. Russia — corner of Connecticut avenue and I street. Netherlands — corner of F street and 17th street. Spain — I street, between 15th and 16th streets. Prussia — corner of H and 15th streets. Sweden — 495 17th street. Denmark — 495 17th street. Belgium — 16th street between I and K streets. 88 THE stranger's guide-book Austria — at Wormley's, I street nortli. Bremen — corner of 6 th and D streets. Mexico— 261 G street. Costa Rica, &c. — Mrs, Ulrick's, 15tli street Brazil — corner of 14th and L streets, Peru— 394 I street. City Hall, Court House, &c, — Louisiana avenue, opposito 4^ street. City Post Office — F street, between 7th and 8th streets west. Columbian College — 14th street west, beyond city limits. Gonzaga College — F street north, between 9th and 10th streets. Medical Department of Georgetown College — corner of 12th and F streets. United States Naval Observatory — north E street, comer 24th street. Banks and Banking Houses, and other Public Offices in Washington : ♦First National Bank — 15th street, between F and G streets. *Bank of Metropolis — 15th street, between F and G streets. *Bank of Washington — corner of C street, opposite Mar- ket Place. *Patriotic Bank — corner of 7th and D streets. Banking House of Jay Cooke & Co. — 15th street, between F and G streets. Banking House of Lewis Johnson & Co. — corner of Penn- sylvania avenue and 10th street. ♦ Those marked with star are banks of issue. TO WASHINGTON CITY. 89 Banking House of Riggs & Co. — corner of Pennsylvania avenue and 15th street. Banking House of Rittenliouse, Fant & Co. — Pennsylvania avenue, between 6th and 7th streets. Banking House of I. B. Hutchinson & Co. — 14th street, between Pennsylvania avenue and F street. Banking House of Barrow, McKeldren & Co. — Corner of Lousiana avenue and Vth street. Washington Gas Light Company. — 10th street, between D and E streets. Board of Metropolitan Police — 10th street, between D and E streets. The Columbia Institution for Deaf, Dumb and Blind — located on Kendall Green, near junction of M and Boundary streets. St. Joseph's Male Orphan Asylum — corner of F and north 10th streets. St. Vincent's Female Orphan Asylum — 439 10th street, Washington City Orphan Asylum — north H street, near west 9 th street. Washington Asylum — near 19th street east and C street south. United States General Hospital — 5th street west, near E fitreet north. Fireman's Insurance Company — corner of C street north and 7th street west, up stairs. Franklin Insurance Company — 515 7th street west. Mutual Fire Insurance Company — corner of C street north and 7th street west. Young Men's Christian Association — 343 Pennsylvania avenue, between 6th and 7th streets. Odd Fellows' Hall — 7th street west, between D and E streets. Masonic Hall — D street north, corner of 9th street west. 8* 90 THE STRANGER'S GUIDE-BOOK American Telegraph Company — 432 Pennsylvania ave- nue. Independent Telegraph Company — 9th street west, near Pennsylvania avenue. Temperance Hall — E street north, between 9th and 10th streets. County Jail — corner of 4th street west and G street north. NEWSPAPERS IN WASHINGTON. Daily and Weekly Star — Pennsylvania avenue, near cor- ner of 11th street west. Daily and Weekly Constitutional Union— 330 E street, between 13th and 14th streets. Daily and Weekly Republican — 9th street west, above Pennsylvania avenue. Daily and Sunday Chronicle — 9th street north, between E and F streets west. Daily, Tri-Weekly, and Weekly Intelligencer — corner of 7th street west and D street north. Daily Congressional Globe — Pennsylvania avenue, be- tween 3d and i^ streets. National Banner — Washington Sunday Times — D street north, between 9th and 10th west. National Freemason — PRINCIPAL PLACES OF AMUSEMENT. Ford's New Theatre — 10th street west, between E and F streets north. Grover's Theatre — E street north, between 13th and 14th streets west. Washington Theatre — corner of 11th street west and street south. TO WASHINGTON CITY. 91 Canterbury Hall — Louisiana avenue, near 6th street. Washington Varieties — 9th street, opposite Centre Market Place. PRINCIPAL HOTELS. Willard's Hotel — Pennsylvania avenue, corner of 14th street west. National Hotel — Pennsylvania avenue, corner of 6th street west. Metropolitan Hotel — Pennsylvania avenue, corner of 6th street west. Kirkwood House — Pennsylvania avenue, corner of 12th street west. Ebbitt House — F street north, between 13th and 14th streets. Clarendon Hotel — corner of Pennsylvania avenue and 6th street west. Washington Hotel — comer of Pennsylvania avenue and 3d street west. United States Hotel — Pennsylvania avenue, between 3d and 4-^ streets west. St. Chai-les Hotel — corner of Pennsylvania avenue and 3d street west. Avenue House — corner of Pennsylvania avenue and 7th street west. Central House — corner of Pennsylvania avenue and 6th street west. National Book Store — 278 Pennsylvania avenue, between lltb. and 12th streets. 92 THE steaxgee's guide-book FAMILY LAUNDKY LIST Fcr the 3fonth of .- '\(^'^ AUTICLES. ^ T^^ Aprons Blankets BedQailts Bolster Cases Boys' Suits Bosoms Counterpanes .... Curtains, Bed Curtains. Window, Cloths, Table Covers. Bureau.. . Covers, Chair Chemises Corsets Cravats Collars Caps, Dress Caps. Ni<:ht , Children's Frocks. Coats Drawers, Cotton . . Drawers, Flannel. Dresses Diapers Gloves Gowns , , — Gowns, Niffht t4«*- Ilandkerchiefs, Colored Handkerchiefs, White.. Jackets Najikins Petticoats, Cotton Petticoats, Flannek Pants Pillow Cases Sheets Shirts Shirts, Under Shirts, Night Stockinirs, Cotton Stockinirs, Silk Stockings, Worsted Socks Sh.awls Trowsers Towels Towels for Rollers Under Sh-eves Valance, Bed Vests Waistcoats Wristbands IstWk. 2dWk. 8dWk. 4th Wk. 5th Wk. -^- :.6t=jda >r^ u ^i^ ^ TO WASHINGTON CITY. 93 FAMILY LAUNDEY LIST For the Month of Articles. Aprons , Blankets Bed Quilts Bolster <.';isos , Boys' Suits Bosoms , Counterpanes Curtains, Bed , Curtains. Window , Cloths, Table , Covers. Bureau Covers, Chair , Chemises Corsets Cravats , Collars Caps, Dress Caps, Nifrht , Children's Frocks Coats , Drawers, Cotton Drawers, Flannel Drosses Diapers Gloves Gowns , Gowns, Nijrht Handkerchiefs, Colored Handkerchiefs, White. . Jackets Napkins Petticoats, Cotton Petticoats, Flannel Pants Pillow Cases Sheets Shirts Shirts, Under Shirts. Night Stockings, Cotton Stockings, Silk Stockings, Worsted Socks. . r Shawls Trowsers Towels Towels for Rollers Under Sleeves Valance, Bed Vests "Waistcoats "Wristbands 9* 1st Wk. 2d Wk. 8d Wk. 4th Wk. 5th Wk 94 THE stranger's GUIDE-BOOK FAMILY LAUNDRY LIST For the Month of Articles. Aprons Blankets Bod Quilts Bolster Cases Boys' Suits Bosoms Counterpanes Curtains, Bed Curtains. Window Cloths, Table Covers. Bureau Covers, Chair Chemises Corsets Cravats Collars Caps, Dress Caps, Nijrht Children's Frocks Coats Drawers, Cotton Drawers, Flannel Dresses Diapers Gloves Gowns , Gowns, Nijrht Handkerchiefs, Colored. Handkerchiefs, White. . , Jackets Napkins Petticoats, Cotton , Petticoats, Flannel Pants Pillow Cases , Sheets Shirts Shirts, Under Shirts, Night Stockings, Cotton Stockings, Silk Stockings, Worsted Socks Shawls Trowsers Towels Towels for Rollers Under Sleeves Val:mce, Bed Vests Waistcoats Wristbands IstWk. 2dWk. 3dWk. 4th Wk. 5th Wk TO WASHIXGTON CITY. 95 FAMILY LAUNDRY LIST For the Month of Articles. Aprons Blankets Ked Quilts Bolster Cases Boys' Suits Bosoms Counterpanes Curtains, Bed Curtains, Window Cloths, Table Covers, Bureau Cove-rs, Chair Chemises Corsets Cravats Collars Caps, Dress Caps, Nitrht Children's Frocks Coats Drawers, Cotton Drawers, Flannel Dresses , Diapers Gloves Gowns , — Gowns, Nifrht Handkerchiefs, Colored Handkerchiefs, White. . Jackets Napkins Petticoats, Cotton Petticoats, Flannel Pants Pillow Cases Sheets Shirts Shirts, Under Shirts, Night Stofkin<,'s, Cotton Stockings, Silk Stockings, Worsted Socks Shawls Trowsers Towels Towels for Boilers Under Sleeves Valance, Bed Vests Waistcoats "Wristbands IstWk. 2dWk. 3dWk. 4th Wk. 5th Wk. 9 96 THE STRANGER'S GUIDE-BOOK FAMILY LAUNDRY LIST For the Month of Articles. Aprons Blankets Bed Quilts Bolster Cases Boys' Suits Bosoms Counterpanes Curtains, Bed Curtains, Window Cloths, Table Covers, Bureau Covers, Chair Chemises Corsets Cravats Collars Caps, Dress Caps. Nijrht Children's Frocks Coats Drawers, Cotton Drawers, Flannel Dresses Diapers Gloves Gowns ,... Gowns, Ni^ht Handkerchiefs, Colored Handkerchiefs, White. . Jackets Napkins Petticoats, Cotton Petticoats, Flannel Pants Pillow Cases Sheets Shirts Shirts, Under Shirts, Night Stockings, Cotton Stockings, Silk Stockings, Worsted Socks Shawls Trowscrs Towels Towels for Rollers Under Sleeves Valance, Bed Vests Waistcoats Wristbands 1st Wk. 2d Wk. 3d Wk. 4th Wk. 5th Wk TO WASHINGTON CITY. 97 FAMILY LAUNDRY LIST For the 3Ionth of Akticles. Aprons Blankets Bed Quilts Bolster Cases Boys' Suits Bosoms Counterpanes Curtains, Bed Curtains. Window Cloths, Table Covers. Bureau Covers, Chair Chemises Corsets Cravats Collars Caps, Dress Caps, Night Cbildren's- Frocks Coats Drawers, Cotton Drawers, Flannel Dresses Diapers Gloves Gowns ,... Gowns, Nifrht Handkerchiefs, Colored Handkerchiefs, White. . Jackets Napkins Petticoats, Cotton Petticoats, Flannel Pants Pillow Cases Sheets Shirts Shirts, Under Shirts, Night Stockingsr ( 'otton Stockinju's, Silk Stockings, Worsted Socks Shawls Trowsers Towels Towels f(n- Rollers Under Sleeves... Valance, Bed Vests Waistcoats Wristbands 1st Wk. 2d Wk. 3d W^k. 4th Wk. 5th Wk 98 THE stranger's GUIDE-BOOK FAMILY LAUNDRY LIST For the 3fon!/i of A I'.TICLKS. Ist AVk. 2d Wk. 3d Wk. 4ih Wk. 5th Wk Aprons Blankets Bed Quilts Bolster C.ises Boys' Suits Bosoms Counterpanes Curtains, Bed Curtains, Window Cloths, Table Covers, Bureau Covers, Chair Chemises Corsets Cravats Collars Caps, Dress Caps. Nighty Children's Frocks Coats Drawers, Cotton Drawers, Flannel Dresses Diapers Gloves Gowns , Gowns, Night Handkerchiefs, Colored. Handkerchiefs, White... Jackets Na[ikins Petticoats, Cotton Petticoats, Flan nd Pants Pillow Cases Sheets Shirts Shirts, Under Shirts, Night Stockings, Cotton Stockings, Silk Stockings, Worsted Socks Shawls Trowsers Towels Towels for Hollers Under Sleeves Valance, Bed Vests W^aistcoats Wristbands TO WASHINGTON CITY. 99 FAMILY LAUNDRY LIST Fcr the Month of Ar.TlCLKS. Aprons Blankets , Bed Quilts Bolster Cases Boys' Suits Bosoms Counterpanes , Curtains, Bed Curtains, Window Cloths, Table Covers, Bureau Covers, Chair Chemises Corsets Cravats Collars Caps, Dress Caps, Nijrht Children's Frocks Coats Drawers, Cotton Drawers, Flannel Dresses Diapers Gloves Gowns ,... Gowns, Nijrht Handkerchiefs, Colored Handkerchiefs, White. . Jackets Na[ikins Petticoats, Cotton Petticoats, Fluiincl Pants Pillow Cases Sheets Shirts Shirts, Under Shirts, Night Stockings, Cotton Stockings, Silk Stockings, Worsted Socks Shawls Trowsers Towels Towels for Rollers Under Sleeves Valance, Bed Vests Waistcoats Wristbands 9* 1st Wk. 2d Wk. 3d Wk. 4th Wk. 5th Wk 100 THE STRAXGER'S GUIDE-BOOK FAMILY LAUNDRY LIST For the Month of Articles. Aprons Blankets Bed Quilts , Bolster Cases Boys' Suits Bosoms Counterpanes Curtains, Bed , Curtains. Window , Cloths, Table , Covers. Bureau Covers, Chair Chemises Corsets Cravats Collars Caps, Dress Caps, Niffht Children's Frocks Coats Drawers, Cotton Drawers, Flannel Dresses Diapers Gloves Gowns ,... Gowns, Niprht Handkerchiefs, Colored Handkerchiefs, White.. Jackets Napkins Petticoats, Cotton Petticoats, Flannel Pants Pillow Cases Sheets Shirts Shirts, Under Shirts, Night Stockintrs, Cotton StockiniT-s Silk Stockings, Worsted Sock.s Shawls Trowsers Towels Towels for Rollers Under Sleeves Valance, Bed Vests Waistcoats Wristbands IstWk. 2dWk. 4th Wk. Sth Wk TO WASHINGTON CITY. 101 FAMILY LAUNDRY LIST Fcr the Month of ^ Akticles. Aprons JJlankets BedQtiilts Bolster Cases Boys' Suits Bosoms Counterpanes Curtains, Bed Curtains. Window Cloths, TabK- Covers. Bureau Covers, Chair Chemises Corsets Cravats Collars Caps, Dress Caps, Nifibt Children's Frocks Coats.... Drawers. Cotton Drawers, Flannol Dresses Diapers Gloves Gowns ,... Gowns, Ni'.dit Handkerchiefs, Colored Handkerchiefs, White.. Jackets Napkins Petticoats, Cotton Petticoats, Fhinml Pants Pillow Cases Sheets fihirts Shirts, Under Shirts, Night Stockin^rs, Cotton Stockings, Silk Stockings, Worsted Socks Shawls Trowsers Towels Towels for Hollers Under Sleeves Valance, Bed Vests Waistcoats Wristbands 1st Wk. 2d Wk. 3d Wk. 4th Wk. 5th Wk. 102 THE STRANGER'S GUIDE-BOOK FAMILY LAUNDRY LIST For the Month of AUTICLES. Aprons Blankets Bed Quilts Bolster Cases Boys' Suits Bosoms Counterpanes Curtains, Bed Curtains. Window Cloths, Table Covers. Bureau Covers, Chair Chemises Corsets Cravats Collars Caps, Dress Caps. Niiibt Children's Frocks , Coats Drawers. Cotton Drawers, Flannel Dresses Diapers Gloves Gowns , Gowns, Nisht Handkerchiefs, Colored, Handkerchiefs, White. . . Jackets Napkins , Petticoats, Cotton Petticoats, Flannel Pants Pillow Cases Sheets Shirts Shirts, Under Shirts, Night Stockin < Neirspaper Stand Under Willards' Hotel. ) (in the Hall of WiUard* Hotel D. J. BISHOP'S AMERICAN AND EtJBOPEAN Newspaper, Magazine, Review, Peflojical, AND CHEAP PUBLICATION DEPOT. New Yorlf, PMlaflelsliia, aM Baltimore Daily Papers RECEIVED ON DAY OF PUBLICATION, And for Sale at Store, and at the Newspaper Stand in Willards' Hotel or will bo promptly delivered immediately upon their arrival, at tlie residence of Subscribers. BOSTON DAIL.V PAPERS Received Morning after the Day of Publication. ALL THE PRINCIPAL WEEKLY NEWSPAPERS, MONTHLY MAGAZINES, AND REVIEWS received as soon as published, and for Sale by Single Co])ies, or furnished to Subscribers. Received immediately upnn the arrival of the Steamer, and for Sale at Store and Hotel, or promptly delivered to Subscribers. ALL THE NEW PUBLICATIONS OF THE DAY Received and for Sale as soon as published. A COMPLETK ASSORTMENT OF Blank Books, Letter and Note Paper, Envelopes, Sta- tionery, Fancy Articles, &c. A Superior Quality of PLiAYIXG CARDS CONSTANTLY OX HAND, AT LOWEST PRICES. D. J. BISHOP, 216 Pennsylvania Avenue, And at Neicspnper Sta7id in the Hall of Willards' Hotel^ ADVERTISEMENTS. ll J. P. MILBURN & CO., Mo. 480 FIFTEENTH ST., *' (A few doors West of Willards' Hotel, 0pp. TJ. S. Treasury,) Washington, D. C. A LAEGE AND CHOICE STOCK OF FWE lOKKSS-, ClEffllCALS, Perfumery, Extracts, &c. ^r MILBURN'S CELEBRATED SODA WATER sold all the year. JOHN D. HAMMACK'S mmBWAwm^mw AND I>iiiiii^ Saloon, 200 & 202 Penna. Ave., cor. 15tli St. THIS IS One of the Oldest and Best Kept Establishments this side of New York. IT IS KEPT IN THE EUROPEAN STYLE. JOHH D. HUOIACK, Proprietor. 12 ADVERTieEMENTS. S. LEWIS, JEWELRY, Ko. 250 Pennsylvania Avenue, Bet. 12th and 13th Sts., WASHINGTON, D. C* E. OWKN. 8. W. OWEN. MILITARY & NAVAL M. ^jjuKmsmam il ©ijjLJLiili Oq 212 PENNSYLVANIA AVE., (Bet. 14th and I5th Sts.,) WASHINGTON, D. 0. ADVERTISEMENTS. 13 GOAL. GOAL. HIBBS & CO., (successors to w. m. galt,) Keep constantly on hand large qnantities of all kinds of RED AND WHITE ASH All kept under cover, and well prepared before delivery. ^,940 POUNDS TO THE TON. Office, No. 282 Pennsylvania Avenue, BET. ELEYENTII AND TWELFTH STS. JVharf^ Foot or Seventeenth St. D. WOOD. WO Kindling and Stove Wood. On Land, the best quality of all kinds of WOOD, sawed and split in any length or size required. KZMDLING WOOD. A superior article of Pine, selected expressly for Kindling, sawed sliort and fine split, as a substitute for chai*coal in build- ing Anthracite tires in Radiators, Ranges, &c. ^^^^ Cash at office when ordered. OFFICE : 282 PENNSYLVANIA AVENUE, BETWEEN ELEVENTH AND TWELFTH STREETS. Mill aud ITard, Foot of SeTenteentli St. 14 ADVERTISEMENTS. WM. ORME & SO'N, DEALERS IN Family SroeerieB^ WINES AND LIQUORS, 312 Pennsylvania Avenue, Bet. lOth and lltU Sts., Washington, D. C. WILBUR F. STOCKING, Manufacturer and Dealer in TINWARE, CUTLERY, &c., 336 E Street, four doors from Grover's Theatre, WASHINGTON; D* C* Branch of 52 & 51 East Thirteeutli St., N. Y. ADVERTISEMENTS. 15 CELEBRATED MM O JL dfca. iJ Jmj Ja. JL\1 J 252 PENNSYLVANIA AVENUE, SERVED UP IN THE BEST STYLE. A CHOICE STOCK DESIWiSOFLIIjUOIIS&SEGAIIS, POLITE AND ATTENTIVE WAITERS. 16 ADVERTISEMENTS. FREDERIC S. COZZENS, IMPOUTEE OF 73 WARREM ST., 0pp. Hudson Elver R. R. Depot, NEW YORK, AND Pennsylvania Ave., Cor. 14th St., ■w-A-smisra-TOisr, 3D. c >LE AGKNT FOR N, Longwortli's OMo Wines ai LiUientliars ToMccos. GET YOUR WASHING DGNE AT THE iTIOlL STEAM LiiSY, Pennsylvania Avenue, OPPOSITE GROVER'S THEATRE. E. D. BURROWES & CO., Proprietors. Will contract witli Hotels, Steamboats, Boarding Houses, Hospitals, etc., for WASHING IN LARGE ftUANTITIES. ADVEETISEMEXTS. 17 GROVER'S ME w Ss 4'flp-L tjgj) ^V Jk) dl^ pcJ£j)^ E Street, bet. 13th & 14th Sts., Opp Pennsylvania Ave. THE GREAT RESORT OF STRANGERS. D. W. CURTIS' §Ii0t0|»|iliir #illei|, OOENER OF HIGH & BEIDGE STS., pxcoruRKs OF ;^x.x. sxyx-ks ai«» sxxjes. ANDREW J. JOYCE, Carriage and Wagon MANUFACTURER, Gov. Mv\\v oi\A.dt ■£ S\s., (Opposite Willards' Hotel, South of Pennsylvania Ave.,) WASHINGTON, D. C. 18 ADVERTISEMENTS. MALLARD & WILLIAMS, DEALERS IN Pennsylvania Avenue, Cor. 13tli St., WASHINGTON, D. C. M. & W. KEEP A CnOICE SUPPLY OF |0rk/|erf/|0ultrg, ani all ]m\hs i)f |n)bi5i0ns, The best the market affords. ^. B. — Orders taken and goods delivered in all parts of the city free of charge. HENRY ULKE, fiijiiriil f Ii0t0|i'i|iIi^, 278-PENNSYLVANIA AVENUE-278 Bet. nth and i2tu sts., Washington, D. C. ADVERTISEMENTS. 19 PENNSYLVANIA AVENUE, 2DoorseastofiitiiSt., Wasfiui^ton, D, C. SliXtLS ASa© tPlEiSSSgS ISRAEL DEMING, giM family aivowj;i(^, TEAS, WIl^ES, Al^D LIQUOES OF ALL KINBS. Bet. D Street & La. Ave., WASHmCTON CITY* GENERAL. H^ASHINGTON, When he founded Washington City, little thought that there would be such an establishment as JfilOfel*'^ &\'■e^i Boilcjii^h^ri Socli Store, Over the Bank, too, of Washincton. Little did he think then there would be such a GREAT EEBELLION. One of these must be put down. Which shall it be? I depend upon my country- men to stand to their arms and purses so long as I supply OLID BOOBIS, OOIJSrS, I^EID-A.3L.S, AUTOGRAPHS AND GOVERNMENT BOOKS; And when I refuse to buy anything in the shape of Books, then let the Great Kebellion win. ALFRED HUNTER. 20 ADVERTISEMENTS. SMITH'S! SMITH'S!! SMITH'S!!! 400 Seventlx Street, OPPOSITE THE POST OFFICE, VYA$HtSCTOK, t* 0*, NOT\' OPENING HIS STOCK OF FALL & WINTER CLOTHING, Qents' Furnisliiiig Goods, Hats and Caps. I^^SUITS MADE TO ORDER. CALL AND SEE SAMPLES, AT J. H. SMITH'S, No. 460 Seventh Street. SMITH & BEALL ARK NOW OPENING A WE DEFY COMPETITION. CUSTOM GOODS MADS TO ORI>£R. CALL AND SEE SAMPLES. AT SMITH & BEALL'S, 361 Seventh St., Wasliiiigton, D. a "the OXilD •Sf^.tJSb IIOI2.se JV.HE.A.X) I " J. BRUCE & CO. 464 SEVENTH ST., (Two Doors below Smith's,) INVITE YOUn ATTENTION TO TIIEIK STOCK OF MEN'S AND BOYS' FALL idid WIMTEK aL@THBM@e GENTS' FURNISHING GOODS Ofevery doscription, andat PllICES BEYOND COMPETITION. ADVERTISEMENTS. 21 JOHE^ MARKRITER, DEALER IN OVAL PICTURE FRAMES, Picture Cord & Tassels, &c., &c., SEVENTH STREET, Fight doors above Odd Fellows' Hall, TV^asliiiig-ton. City, I>. C TEEMS CASH FOR GOODS AND LABOR. 22 ADVERTISEMENTS. 510 Seventh St., Washington, D. C. O ♦ Manufacturers' Ag-ents \J FOK THE SALE OF FINE GOLD & PLATED Sterling Silver Plated Ware, Jfttll Jthtes of Jlotions anb Jfantg d^oobs, d'c, In job lots to suit Dealers, Sutlers, and Pedlars. 2^. B. — Goods received daily from New York and Eastern Manu- facturers. The Trade respectfully invited. JAMES M. LESTER, DEALER IN BRICKS, HAIE, Plaster, Cement, No. 165 North Howard St., BALTIMORE, MD. I ADVERTISEMENTS. A.. STIl_A.TJS, DEALER IN FINE AND MEDIUM KR #f life' Jmittsli: PENNSYLVANIA AVE., | 178 PENNA. AVENUE, Bet. lOth anil Ilt]i Sts. { Bet. ITtli and IStli Sts. /llfcLsJwistaii, 0). ^. EDWARD ELLIOTT, DEALER IN ®¥, FANCY GOODS, 126 "West Lexington Street, Four doors West of Park, iAtTBMjQRE. MB, 24 ADVERTISEMENTS. Corner of Pennsylvania Ave, and Third St., •WASHINaTON, D. C, IS ONE OF THE BEST CONDUCTED HOTELS IN THE CITY. A Good TaWe, Well-Stocked Bar, POUTE AND ATTKKTtVK $KnVANT$» MRS. BEVERIDGE, Proprietress. Manufactory of Stoves, Tinware, &c. Piiiii ififits iioi ififiSi Grates, Ranges, HAM BROTHERS' ARMY CHAIRS, Oregory's Mess Cbest ibr Six Persons, «i «6 66 66 Foui* '^ Milligan's Camp Kettle, with Cooking Utensils for Four Per- sons; Evans' Tent Heater, weighing only 20 pounds; American Coffee Pot for the Army ; Sutlers supplied with Tinware, Hardware, Cutlery, &c., &c. E. H. &D H. I. aREaORY, 321 PKVNA. AVE., Sonth Side, near 7th St. Job Wovk done in the Best Manner and at Short Notico. ADVERTISEMENTS. 25 liOWE'S I'latfoarraij, Hay, ^Warehouse, Ooal, aBi4i Oattle i 1^^ ^F'»** ^^ EVANS & WATSON'S FIIiE&SIiliLi-FiDF« A LARGE STOCK of the above articles of SUPERIOR QUALITY always on hand, and FOR SALE AT FACTOBY PRICES, SPEAR BROTHERS, larltlDun C0mmission ^ar|iiiit^, 41 SOUTH CHARLES STREET, 26 ADVERTISEMENTS. H. F. ALBERTI i CO., IMPORTERS OF CER^AS^, FRENCH, :e]xg}-lihh fait til inm, Nos. 6 & 8 SOUTH LIBERTY ST., NEAR BALTIMORE STREET, ADVERTISEMENTS. 27 Thomas Thompson, STEAM & GAS FITTER, Shj ^efUL&i^LLan La ^aemLe, Opposite National Uatcl, WASHmCTON, D. C* Public and private buildings fitted with Water, Steam and Gas on reasonable ternis. Orders from the country promptly attended to. B. H. STEINMETZ, IXatter aad Ifuffrierj, 236 PENNSYLVANIA AVENUE, ' (Near cor. of 13th St,) Washingtoii, D. C. GEMTS' DdESS HATS, OFFICERS' REGULATION HATS AND CAPS, BEST QUALITIES. OOR. 7tli & D STS., WasMngton, D. 0. HAVING ALL THE DELICACY OF THE CARTE DE VISITS, Formerly Sold lor $35, now only $15. DUPLICATES, $5. OTUER SIZES AND STYLES EQUALLY MODERATE. The Cartes dk Visttk prodnced at this Gallery are pronounced by all to be the best they have ever had taken. No Picture allowed to leave the room unless fully approved. 28 ADVERTISEMEITTS. H. OHATAIN, DEALK« IN Willi ill iiiiiii No. 508 nth STREET, i;.!* East Side, ]J^ear Feiansylvania ^vemae, WASHINGTON, D. C. THE STRANGER'S GUIDE TO AND A Guide-Book, a Pamily Laundry Book, a Pocket Blue Book, Tables of Moneys, "Weig-hts, Measures ; Di- rectory, Memorandum. Book, Stamp Duties, AM Mcli otlier Yaluatte and Interesting Infomatlon. Published by WM. F. RICIISTEIX, AT THE NATIONAL. BOOK STORE, No. 278 PENNA. AYEKUE, WasMngton, D. 0. A Liberal Discount to the Trade. Agents wanted. ADVERTISEMENTS. 29 J. A. DUSHANE, C0Mfflim09l PAfEB lEAlEI AND South Charles St., near Lombard, S^- A Full Assortment of ALL KINDS OF PAPER al- ways on hand at Lowest Market Pi-ices. Paper of any kind or size made to order at the shortest notice. t^TIIE UNION! IT MUST BE PRESERVED !—Andkkw Jacksox. tf^ "I hold that this Government was made on the WHITE BASIS, by WHITE MEN, for the benelit of WHITE MEN and THEIR POSTERITY FOREVER. — Stet-iien a. Douglas. THE CONSTITUTIONAL UNION: A UfflON CONSERVATIVE NEWSPAPER, EARNESTLY DEVOTED TO The Maintenance of the "The Constitution as it is," and the Restora- tion of "The Union as it was," AND TO THE PRESERVATION OF €Oi\STITUTIOML LIBERTY & CONSTITITIONAL RIGOTS! IS PUBLISHED DAILY BY THOMAS B. FLORENCE, At 330 E St., near GroTsr's Tlieatre, f asMugton, D. C. AND IS DELIVERED TO SUBSCRIBERS Every Afternoon, BY CAREFUL CARRIERS, AT TEN CEIVT8 A WEEK, in the Cities of Washington and Georgetown. iD.A.iii'X" DEiDimonsr, bv mail, $8.oo per annum. ■WEEKIIj-X- " " 2.00 " 30 ADVERTISEMENTS. ]B00IS:S ^IVI> ^TATIOlVEIi'K'. SHEPHERD & HiLEY; ■WHOLESALE AND RETAIL DEALERS IN AND MISCELLANEOUS BOOKS, Writing Paper, Envelopes, &c., &c., &c., Cor. of 7th and D sts., "Washington, D. C. KILBOURlSr & "VVELLS, WHOLESALE AND DEALERS IN SUTLERS' SUPPLIES, 1 496 NINTH ST., (Late I. BARR & CO.) WASHINGTON, 0* C* E. KiLBOCRX. E. C. Wells. ADVERTISEMENTS. 31 Atigiistus JoH^soisr & Co.j 289 Pennsylvania Ave., bkx. 9xh & loxH sxs., WASHINGTON, D. C, IMPORTERS OF SEGARS, TOBACCO, &c. DEALERS IN GROCERIES FOR THE CAMP AND SOLE AGENTS FOE F. BININGER & CO.'S BOTTLED LIQUORS. Proprietors of the well-known Brand, "Grand Tin Iirerial" Arj Monssean CHAMPAGNE, WE INVITE THE ATTENTION OF THE TRADE. 4 LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 014 369 581 5^*