CENTENNIAL IN NEW BEDFORD. HISTORICAL ADDRESS HON. WILLIAM W. CRAPO. I>i;i.I\ KItl'.I) f)\ llli: (>(•( ASION OK INK CELEBRATION IN NEW BEDFORD FOURTH OF JULY, 1876. TO WHICH ARE ADDED AX ACCOUNT OF THE CEI.EBIJA- TION, AND AN APPENDIX. m;i.i--iii;i) \\\ oi;i)i:i; oi' tiik < ri'\' (oi N( il. NEW BEDFORD: E. Anthii.w & Soxs, Peixteks to tih: Citv. 187G. ^ f3 Ceuteiiuial in New Bedford. TABLE OF CONTENTS. Page Order of Council, 7 Advertisement of Committee, 8 Introduction, 9 Address, 17 APPENDIX. Deed from Wesamequen and Wamsutta to William Bradford and others, 59 Order of Incorporation of the Town of Dartmouth, fiO Territorial Limits of Dartmouth, 61 TJussell Family, fil Primitive Whaling, CA Memoranda in relation to the Whale Fishery and Commei'ce of New Bedford, by Abraham Shearman, Jr., 67 Memoranda in relation to the Early History of New Bedford, by Abraham Shearman, Jr., 71 The Ten-Acre Lot, 74 The Stars and Stripes in the Thames, 76 Act of Incorporation of the Town of New Bedford, 79 Act of Incorporation of the Town of Fairhaven, 81 Line between New Bedford and Dartmouth altered, S2 Part of Dartmouth annexed to New Bedford, 83 Part of Acushnet annexed to New Bedford, 84 General Grey's Raid, 85 Town Meeting in 1814, 86 New Bedford in the War of 1812-15, 87 Ship Rebecca, 90 Interesting Town Meeting, 92 New Bedford in 1845, 96 Whalers Destroyed by the Confederate Cruisers, 112 2 4 TABLE OF CONTENTS. Kaue New Bedford Free Public Library, 114 New Bedford in the Civil War, 180 Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument, . 135 Roll of Honor, ... 137 Public Schools of New Bedford, 149 Public Schools of New Bedford in the Centennial, 157 High School House Dedication, . 159 Description of the New High School House, 167 Finances and Taxation, 170 Mayors of New Bedford, 173 Government of the City, 1876, 174 Proceedings of tlie City Council AND ol TllK COMMITTEE OF ARRANGEMENTS. (Titu 0f l^c'i\3 13rlif0vli. IX EOARD OF AlDERMEX, August 15th, 187G. Ordered, That the proceedings had upon the occasion of the Munici- pal Celebration of our Centennial Anniversary be published, and that His Honor the Mayor, and the Chairman of the Committee on the Fourth of July Celebration, be a committee to carry this order into effect. Adopted in concurrence. The committee of tlie City Government, charged by the (•(Hiii- cil's order of August lotli with the duty of arranging for puhlica- tion the proceedings upon the occasion of the Municipal Celelirii- tion of our Centennial Anniversary, present herein the result u\' their labors. A brief introduction precedes the address of the Hon. William W. Crapo ; and in an appendix to his interesting and highly valu- able Historical Discourse, such documents are given connected with the early history and with the growth and progress of our city, as seemed calculated to gratify the desire for further infor- mation upon these subjects so vividly awakened by that admirable contribution to our local amials. In the discharge of our duties we have been materially assisted by our fellow-citizen James B. Congdon, whose large collections and intimate acquaintance with our local history have contributed in no small degree to the value and interest of our centennial volume. AURAIIAII H. HOWLAXD, du. William T. Soule. The Centennial in New Bedford. INTRODUCTORY. The arrangements for the celebration of the Centennial Anni- versary of. our National Independence Avere commenced by the passage of an order, of which the following is a copy. CENTENNIAL IN NEW BEDFORD. €itv of Web BcSforJ. Ix Common Council, April 6th, 1876. Ordered, Tliat a committee of six from this branch, with such as the Aldermen maj^ joiu. be appointed a committee on Fourth of July celebration. Adopted in concurrence. Committee — Aldermen Soule, Ilawes, and Baylies, and Councilmeu Taylor, Howland, Denison, Beard, Pitman, and Wilbur. Au appropriation of four thousand dollars was made by the Council to meet the expenditures of the committee. It did not need the recommendations of the State and United States governments to lead the committee to give careful attention to that part of their duties that consisted in providing for an ad- dress suitable to the occasion. After some progress had been made in the negotiations for au orator, the circular of which the following is a copy was received from the Secretary's Department of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, li 10 CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION. ffi^omtnonbiealtf; of fBlassacfjusctts. Secretary's Department, Boston, June 13th, 187G. To the City Clerk : Sir, — I have the houor to transmit herewith an order of the Legis- lature of Massachusetts, which has this day been received iu this de- partment, and a copy of the Resolution of Congress therein referred to. Very respectfully your obedient servant, HENRY B. PEIRCE, Secretary. (JTommoniBraltl) of itlassacljusrtts. House of Representatives, April '27, 1876. Ordered, That the Secretary of the Commonwealth transmit to the Clerks of the several cities and towns in the Commonwealth, a copy of the Joint Resolution of Congress on the celebration of the Centen- nial in the several counties or towns, transmitted to the Senate by his Excellency the Governor, April 24th, 1876. Adopted. Sent up for concurrence. GEO. A. MARDEN, Clerk. Senate, April 28, 1876. Concurred. S. N. GIFFORD, Clerk. [Public Resolution No. 1.] Joint Resolution on the celebration of the Centennial in the several counties or towns. Be it resolved by the Senate and Hortse of Representatives of the United States of America, in Congress assembled, That it be, and is hereby recommended by the Senate and House of Representatives to the people of the several States that they assemble in their several coun- ties or towns on the approaching Centennial Anniversary of our Na- tional Independence, and that they cause to have delivered on such day an historical sketch of said county or town from its formation, and that a copy of said sketch maybe filed, in print or manuscript, in the Clerk's office of said county, and an additional copy, in print or manuscript, be filed iu the office of the Librarian of Congress, to the intent that a complete record may thus be obtained of the progress of our institutions during the First Centennial of their existence. Approved March 13, 1876. With entire unanimity tlie committee fixed upon the Hon. William W. Crapo, of this city, member of Congress from the first representative district, to perform this honorable and important service. Not only the eminent abilities of Mr. Crapo led the MUNICIPAL PROCEEDINGS. 11 committee to look to him as a fitting person to carry ont their idea as to the character of the address, and the views of the General Government as expressed in the resolution of Congress : the success of his effort in the same line of literary labor in the cele- bration of our Municipal Bicentennial in 1864, pointed to him as one possessing rare qualifications for the work, and the committee were highly gratified when he consented to undertake it. The orator being secured, the committee gave their attention to the other arrangements proper for the occasion. The result of ^ their labors is shown by the programme which they put forth, of which the following is a copy of the principal features. One Hundredth Anniversary of our National Independence. July 4th, 1876. PROGRAMME. BELLS. The bells of the various churches will be rung at sunrise, noon, and sunset. SALUTES. A Natioual Salute will be fired at sunrise, noon, and sunset, by Lieut. H. H. Fisher. BASE BALL. At 8 o'clock a game of Base Ball will be played on the Common between the Taunton Base Ball Club, of Taunton, and the King Philip Club, of Rockland, for a prize of $250. PROCESSION. At 10 o'clock a Grand Procession will be formed on City Hall Square, under the direction of Capt. Lucius H. Morrill, Chief Marshal. ORATION. Au oration will be delivered at Liberty Hall by Hon. William W. Crapo. Rl'.GATTA. The Regatta will take place on the Acushnet river, starting from a line drawn from the north end of Fish Island to the George Rowland wharf, the course to be northeasterly about one mile to the station buoy and return. The races will be in the following order : First, for single scull, 1st prize, 840; 2d prize, $20; 3d prize, $10. Second, for whaleboats, 1st prize, .e.5 it was 20,86.3. The assessed valuation of property in 1860 was $24,198,1.38, while in 18G5 it had decreased to $20,.52.5,790. These figures show the heavy losses of the war, and the saci-iflces made by the men of this generation for the preservation of the Union. The story of " JS'ew Bedford in the Rebellion " demands a volume of itself. Some further details are given iu the ap- pendix. 50 CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION. Wo must preserve the results of the past. But this is not our whole duty. The work of our fathers is not completed. Our honor and safety is in still further achievements of public justice and orderly freedom, ancl in the advancement of the common welfare. Our mission is a continuous and steady development of conscientious- ness, a moral and religious growth, keeping pace with advancing intelligence, science and liberty. AVe attain to it by those common virtues which our fathers exercised : honest}^, frugality, integrity, and unfaltering devotion to duty. AVe need but follow the old plain paths, and, un- dazzled by the superficial glitter and pretentious show of ambitious self-seekers, march steadily forward to the at- tainments of a trained and vigorous virtue, to purity, strength, and solidity. Thus will w^e keep unsoiled our inheritance, and transmit it, beautified and glorified, to those who come after us. AVe have seen the forest fall before the stroni:: arm of the pioneer ; we have seen the shores lined with masts, and the waters white with sails ; we have seen the tri- umphs of restless, cunning labor; but not in physical power nor in populous cities, not in factories nor palaces, nor richly laden fleets, are the elements of national great- ness, nor its safety, but in the courage, integrity, self- denial, and temperance of the people, and the spirit of mental enterprise and moral freedom which inspires them. APPENDIX. APPENDIX I. DEED FROM WESAMEQUEN AND WAMSUTTA TO WILLIAM BRADFORD AND OTHERS. BratifortJ ffiobernour. 1G54. A DEED APPOIKTED TO BE RECORDED. New Plymouth, November the 29th, 1652. Know all meu by these presents, that I, "VVesamequen, and Wara- sutta ray son, have sold unto Mr. William Bradford, Captain Standish, Thomas Southworth, John Winslow, John Cooke and their associates, the purchasers or old-comers, all the tract or tracts of laud lying three miles eastward from a river called Cushenagg, to a certain harbour called Acoaksett, to a flat rock on the westward side of the said harbour. And whereas the said harbour divideth itself into several branches, the westernmost arme to be the bound, and all the tract or tracts of land from the said westernmost arme to the said river of Cushenagg, three miles eastward of the same, with all the profits arid benefits within the said tract, with all the rivers, creeks, meadows, necks and islands that lye in or before the same, and from the sea upward to go so high that the English may not be annoyed by the hunting of the Indians in any sort of their cattle. And I, Wesamequen, and Wamsutta, do promise to remove all the Indians within a year from the date hereof that do live in the said tract. And we, the said Wesamequen and Wam- sutta, have fully bargained and sold unto the aforesaid Mr. William Bradford, Captain Standish, Thomas Southworth, John Winslow, John Cooke, and the rest of their associates, the purchasers or old- comers, to have and to hold for them and their heirs and assigns for- ever. And in consideration hereof, we the above-mentioned are to pay to the said Wesamequen and Wamsutta as followeth : thirty yards of cloth, eight moose-skins, fifteen axes, Jiftee7i hoes, fifteen pair of breeches, eight blankets, two kettles, one cloak, 2£ in wampan, eight pair 60 CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION. stockings, eight pair of shoes, one iron pot, and ten shillings in another comoclitie. And in witness hereof we liave intercliangeably set to our hands the day and year above written. In the Presence of JOHN WINSLOW. Jonathan Shaw. JOHN COOK. Samuel Eddy. WAMSUTTA. His mm mark. [The above is a copy of the deed as found in Eiclcetson's History of New Bedford. It agrees with a copy in the " Proprietors' Records," book 4, p. 1.] II. ORDER OF INCORPORATION OF THE TOWN OF DARTMOUTH. [Extract from the Plymouth Colony Records.] June 8. Att this Court, all that tracte of land called and known by the name of Acushena, Ponagansett and Coaksett, is allowed by the Court to bee a townshipe : and the inhabitants thereof have libertie to make such orders as may conduce to theire good in towue consern- raents; and that the said towne bee heucforth called and knowne by the name of Dartmouth. — [Fourth Book Court Orders, page 72.] APPENDIX. "^ III. TERRITORIAL LIMITS OF DARTMOUTH. Dartmouth was thus described in the original graut : " A tract or trac of land known by the name of Accushena. alias Aquset^ -^ - In- in -It the western end of Nakata, and to the river Cookset, ali.is re'e: :': :iaces adjacent, the bounds of which t.-act fully exton three miles to the eastward of the most easterly part of the river or W Accushenah aforesaid, and so along the sea-side to the river called Cookset lying on the west side of Point Pirril, and to the westermost s'de o any branch of the aforesaid river, and extending eight miles iTo the woods with all marshes, meadows, rivers, waters, woods, and appurtenances thereto belonging.-CBaylies' New Plymouth, part u, p. 231.] IV. THE RUSSELL FAMILY. BY WILLIAM T. RUSSELL. [There are, it is believed, one or two errors in the dates given in this account, but it has been thought best to give it as it was prepared by the writer in 1844:.] John Eussell was one of the original proprietors of the town of Dartmouth, and the first of the name of whom we have any knowl- edge that ettled in this part of the country. About 1050 he x'emoved ,tm Taunton and established an iron foundry at Kussell s M.lls in Dartmouth, in company with Anthony Slocum. In 16o4 John Russell represented the town of Dartmouth at the Old Colony Court in Ply- "' ThL is a record of a confirmatory deed of land to John Russell from William Bradford, governor of the colony, in 1G94. Joseph Russell, Senr., son of the aforementioned John Russell, and grea -giealgrandfather'of the present generation, settled within what I no; the limits of the town of New Bedford, at what time is no known, but previous tolTlI. Hi« house stood near the site of the 62 CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION. stone house knoAvn as the Tysou house, and now owned by 11. G. O. Colby. The original well which belonged to his house is now in the cellar of the Tyson house, and is still in use. Of his birth or death we have no records. Joseph Russell, Jr., son of the aforementioned Joseph Russell, Senr., lived on County street near the little school-house opposite John C. Haskell's. This house was standing within the memory of some of the oldest inhabitants; and his well is still remaining in the school- house yard. There is a record of a confirmatory title to Joseph Russell, Jr., of this homestead, dated 25th May, 1711, signed by Samuel Hammond, Benjamin Hammond, and Benjamin Crane, surveyor, " her Majesties [Queen Anne's] Justices of the Court of Quarter Sessions for the county of Bristol." One of the sons of Joseph Russell, Jr., was the ancestor of the Seth Russell branch of the family of Russell. Joseph Russell, son of the aforementioned Joseph Russell, Jr., and grandfather of the present generation, was born 8th Oct., 1719, and died 16th Oct., 1804. His house stood on the County road, between the court house and Charles W. IMorgan's house. He first established the whale fishery in New Bedford. In the earli- est stages of that business, sloops only of 40 or 50 tons were em- ployed. These vessels ventured out to sea in the Summer months only, and no further than the Capes of Virginia and Cape Hatteras, and took especial care to return in port before the equinox gales in September. They were generally successful in taking sperm whales, and brought home the blubber and tried it out on shore. As their experience increased, larger vessels were employed, and they ventured as far as the Bay of Mexico ; and finally, during his life, ships ventured round Cape Horn to the Pacific ocean for sperm whales. Joseph Russell first established a sperm oil factory in New Bedford. The building stood on the north side of the square, foot of Centre street. The act of refining speimiaceti in those days was known to but few, and kept by them a profound secret. Joseph Russell em- ployed a Mr. Chaftee for a number of years, at a salar3' of .$500 a year, to do his refining, — an enormous sum for those days. While at work, Chaflee was shut up by himself, that no one should steal his wonderful art. Joseph Russell was a shreAvd, entei'prising man. At one time he carried on quite an extensive mercantile business. In 1770, in part- nership with his son Barnabas, he owned, in addition to several whal- ing vessels, several vessels trading to southern ports and the West India islands. They kept a store at the foot of Centre street, and imported their goods from London by the way of Boston, and their West India goods in their own vessels, and up to the time of the revolutionary war their APPENDIX. 03 business was iu a very prosperous state. The war put au end to their prosperity. Their vessels were takeu, and their losses by the depre- ciation of the continental paper money left them, at the close of the war, but little besides their real estate. The Eussells and Kemptons were the original proprietors of the land comprising the limits of the town of New Bedford as it is at the present day. Their tract together extended from near Clark's Cove, and running north to somewhere about Smith street, and from the river, west, indefinitely to undivided lands, as appears by a confirma- tory title to Joseph Russell, Jr., by "her Majesties Justices of the Court of Quarter Sessions for the County of Bristol," dated May 25th, 1711; and a similar title to Mauasseh Kemptou, dated 31st May, 1711. The division line between Joseph Russell, Jr., and Manasseh Kemp- ton, was between William and Elm streets, and running west from the river to undiA^ded lands. Joseph and Caleb Russell, sous of Joseph Russell, Jr., inherited the above described tract of land, extending from the hill north of Clark's Cove on County road, and running north to between William and Elm streets, and from the river, westerly, to about a mile west of County road. Their division line was between Bedford and Russell streets (a part of the division wall is still remaining,) Joseph having the north part and Caleb the south part. Caleb Russell was the grandfather of the present Reuben Russell, and father of the Joseph Russell who settled in Boston and was in business there under the firm of Jeffrey & Rus- sell.* The original proprietors of land on the west side of the Acushnet river, beginning at Clark's Point and following the County road to the Head of the River, were taken iu rotation as follows : First. — Benjamin Allen, who owned the whole of Clark's Point, and as far north as the brow of the hill on County road, leading down to Clark's Cove. Second. — Joseph Russell, Seur. Third. — Joseph Russell, Jr. Father and son, they were both living in 1711. They were at that date proprietors of all that part of New Bedford south of William street, and from the river w^est. Fourth. — Manasseh Kempton. Fifth. Willis. Sixth. — Stephen Peckham was a large proprietor. His tract in- cluded Rodman's, Coggeshall's, Tallman's, and Timothy G. Coftiu's farms, as they are at the present day. Seventh. — John Hathaway. * See " Stars ami Stripes in the Tliames." 64 CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION. Eislitli. Wrightington, who owned about the Head of the River, including the present village of Acushnet, on both sides of the river. The Swifts purchased of the Wrightingtons. Joseph Rotch, the grandfather of the present William Rotch, re- moved from Nantucket to New Bedford a few years previous to the revolutionary war, and purchased of Joseph Russell about twenty acres of land, which included the present Rotch's wharf, and running west to Purchase sti*eet of an unequal width. He wanted more land on the shore of the river than Joseph Russell was willing to part with, and made ]ns first purchase of land on the east side of the river, with a view of settling there, but finally acceded to Joseph Russell's terms. A part of that land in Fairliaven is still in possession of the Rotch family. There is a record of the burial of Joseph Rotch, 27th Nov., 1785. Joseph Rotch gave the name of New Bedford to the town, or first proposed it should be called Bedford ; but ascertaining there was al- ready a Bedford in Massachusetts, it was named by way of distinction, New Bedford. December, 1844. V. PKIMITIVE WHALING. [Under the head of "Whaling," I find in Richard A. Pease's valu- able " Historical Sketches of Martha's Vineyard," the following ex- tracts from the records of the town of Edgartown in relation to the primitive methods of whaling.] November 11, 1652. Thomas Daggett and William Weeks are whale cutters for this year. Voted the day above written. April 13, 1G53. Ordered by the town that the whale is to be cut out freely, four men at one time, and four at another, and so every whale, beginning at the east end of the town. April 15, 1G90. Voted by the proprietors of the whale that Mr. Sarson and William Vinson are to oversee and order the cutting and sharing of all whales that shall be cast on shore within the liberty or APrENDIX. 65 bouuds of Edgui-towu : and they to have as much lor their care as cue cutter. Martha's Vineyard, February 19, 1C92. The proprietors of the drift whale at Edgartowu, being met upon occasion of a whale mariied on their beach, seized by Benjamin Smith and Mr. Joseph Norton, in their behalf, yet claimed by John Steel, harponeer, on a whale design, as being killed by him; which occasioned a contract about said whale between said parties, about cutting and securing the said whale ; the proprietors accepting of said contract, have and unanimously agree that the contract be ratified and confirmed; and that Richard Sarson, Esq., and Mr. Benjamin Smith, in behalf of the proprietors, take the same into their custody, and preserve the said whale by trying and securing the oyl, and disbursing as they find needful; and that no dis- tribution be made of the said whale, or effects, till after fifteen days are expired after the date hereof, that so such persons who may pre- tend an interest or clain*, in the whale, may make their challenge; and in case such challenge appear sufficient to them, then they may deliver the said whale, or oyl to such challenger; otherwise to give notice to the proprietors, who may do as the matter may require. This agreement was ordered to be entered by them, the day and year above written. Per me, THOMAS TRAPP, Clerk. Martha's Vineyard, 1792-3. The marks of the whales killed by John Butler and Thomas Lothrop. One whale lanced near or over the shoulder blade, near the left shoulder blade only; another killed with an iron forward in the left side, marked W. ; and upon the right side, marked with a pocket knife T. L. ; and the other hath an iron-hole over the right shoulder blade, with two lance-holes in the same side, one in belly. These whales were all killed about the middle of Feb- ruary last past; all great whales, betwixt six and seven and eight foot bone, which are all gone from us. A true account given by John But- ler from us and recorded. Per me, THOMAS TRAPP, Clerk. [From the Old Colony Records.] A proposition ordered to be recorded, which vpas sent vnto the four towns, viz., Sandwich, Yarmouth, Barnstable, and Eastham, by order of the Court held att Plymouth, October the first, IGGl, as followeth, signed by Constant Southworth, Treasurer. Loucing Frinds : Wheras the Generall Court was pleas(*d to make some propositions to you respecting the drift fish or whales; and in- case you should refuse their proffer, they impowered mee, though vufitt, to farme out what should belonge vnto them on that account ; I 6G CENTENNIAL CELEBKATION. and seeing the time is expired, and it faales [falls] into my hands to dispose of, I doe therefore, with the advise of the court, in answare to youer remonstrance, say, that if you will duely and trewly pay to the country for euery whale that shall come, one hogshead of oyle att Boston, where I shall appoint, and that current and marchantable, without any charge or trouble to the countrey, — I say, for peace and quietnes sake, you shall haue it for this present season, leaueing you and the Election Court to seetle it soe as it may bee to satisfaction on both sides ; and incase you accept not of this tender, to send it within fourteen days after date heerof ; and if I heare not from you, I shall take it for graunted that you will accept of it, and shall expect the accom- plishment of the same. Youers to vse, /GG/. CONSTANT SOUTHWORTH, 1 October. Treasu. Prence, Gou^ The agents for the towue of Yarmouth appeeriug att this Court, ac- cording to agreement, to debate and determine a difl'erence between them and others about whales, were desired by the Court to glue in thire result conserning that matter vnto the Court, as being that w^hcronto they would stand; who gaue in theire answare as followeth : The sixt of the first month, Gl-62. Right Wor"'' : Wee iutreat youer worshipes reddily to accept these few lines for a positiue answare, to which wee promise to stand : that the Treasurer shall haue the two barrells of oyle out of each whale, according to his proposition made vnto vs for the yeare past, soe as there may bee a full end of what troubles hath formerly past about it. AVituess our hands. ANTHONY THACHER. f6ef-2. ROBERT DENIS. 4 March. THOMAS BOARDMAN. [Prence Gouernor.] RICHARD TAYLOR. In reference vnto a whale brought on shore to Yarmouth from sea, the Court leaues it to the Treasurer to make abatement of what is due to the countrey therof, by law, as hee shall see cause, when hee treated with those that brought it on shore. W72. 1 July. Prence Gou"". [The reader of these early whaling records will be reminded of that vivid picture of pi'imitive whaling which Walter Scott has given us in his romance of the pirate. The distribution of the rich and AI'PENDIX. 67 coveted yield of the stranded leviathcan upon the shore of the Orkneys was not, however, reguhxted by the law of the land, but by the law of the strongest. "Pit yoursell forward, man," said the saving sister of the timid Triptolenius, " there 's a graip to ye — faint heart never wan fair lady, a pint of the creature's ulzic Avad be worth siller in the lang dark nights — wha kens but what it may eat weel eneugh and spare butter? "J VI. MEMORANDA IN RJ:LATI0N TO THE WHALE FISH- ERY AND THE COMMERCE OF NEW BEDFORD. BY ARRAIIAH SHEARMAN, JUNIOR. The whale fishery appears to have been carried on from Cape Cod prior to its prosecution from any other part of America. In the year 1680 [1G90?] a Mr. Paddock from Cape Cod came to Nan- tucket to instruct the English how to whale in boats from the shore, which business continued good till 1760, when it became poor by the scarcity of whales. In the spring of 1726, there were eightij-six whales caught here. One Mr. Loper previous to this was engaged in the business, but not to any amount worthy of record. — [Nantucket In- quirer.] The "Mr. Loper" above referred to was also from Cape Cod, and a copy was recently published of his agreement with the inhabitants of the island to prosecute the business from their shores. This was in the year 1672. In the year 1770 there were employed in the whale fishery from Nantucket, one hundred and twenty-three saW oi \esse\s, sloops, schoon- ers, and brigs, making about ten thousand tons, and navigated by about sixteen hundred men. From Sept. 11th to Oct. 25th they all arrived in port, having been absent frora/o?<)' to six months, and landed fourteen thousand and fifty-eight barrels of oil. There are now living [March 28, 1822] ten of the captains that were iu said fleet.— [Nantucket Inquirer.] The whale fishery was at first carried on in boats from the island. Right whales only were obtained in this Avay. 68 CENTENNIAL CELEBIIATION. lu the year 1759, when S. Paddock first went to Nantucket, (and for a few years prior to tlie Erencli war, wliicli commenced in 175C,) voy- ages were made to tiie eastward of Grand Bank. Vessels generally made two trips to tlie southward, between George's Bank and the Capes of Virginia, and then went to the Bank. Voyages were afterwards extended to the Western Islands, Cape de Verds, and Coast of Africa. ; It was not till after the termination of the French war in 17G3, that our vessels made voyages to the Straits of Belle Isle and River Saint Lawrence. Large whale had been seen there by a Nantucket man when on board an English vessel of war, which led to their pursuit in that quarter. Sperm candles were first manufactured at Newport and Providence. LIST OF SQUARE-RIGGED VESSELS BELONGING TO NEW BEDFORD NOVEMBER 7Tir, 1803. [This was eight years before Fairhaveu was set off from New Bedford.] WHALEMEN. Bedford. Ships. Diana, 281 tons. Barclay, 202 Dolphin, 139 Diana, called the liltle Diana, .218 Sarah, 314 Winslow, 222 Jefferson, 2G7 Rover, 213 Hunter, 258 Ann, 288 Hanover, (sealing,) 299 Brigs. Triton 156 Lucy, 9(> Fairliaven. Ships. Exchange, 215 Herald, 2G2 Brigs. Abby, 109 Commerce, H4 Also schooner Betsey, Bedford, 75 Susan, Fairhavcn, 82 APPENDIX. 69 EMPLOYED IN FUEIGIITIXG OR OTHER MERCHANT BUSINESS. Bedford. ^,. , ., 237 tous. Ships. Elizabeth, Kancies, 226 ^"™^' 281 Y^''^ 298 Ocean, ^^^^ Diligence, " ^^ ^ ° ' 106 Brigs. Joseph, ^^^ Eunice, ^^"':»^' :::;;:: 180 Almira, „ , luo Betsey, Regulator, Fairhaven. ,^ ^ - 280 Ships. Mentor, ^^^ Kingston, ^^^ Joseph, " . ,„ 285 Warren, Washington, '^'JJ William & Jane, -^ , 252 J»°«' 09^ President, " INIinerva, " William, •• Brigs. Cyrus, } Village of Oxford, that part of Fairhaven C 1 19 Diana > immediately north of the bridge. t 8G ^^ ' 161 Neptune, ^, luJ Olympus ^^^ Bellona, swift, ; ; if^ Ann, Westport. . . 102 Brigs. Hero, Friendship, Dartmouth. Brig. Maries, Snow. Panther, Two new ships at Bedford, owned by Lincoln [Benjamin,] Parker [John Avery,] Coggeshall [John, Jr.] &o. 70 CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION. RECAPITULATION. Ships at Bedford, 20 " " Fairhaveu 12 32 Brigs at Bedford, 8 " " Fairhaveu, 9 " " Westport, 2 " " Dartmouth, 2 21 Whole number, 53 The whole number of tons of registered shipping on the custom- house books, 11 mo. 7, 1803, are 12,191 Tons of enrolled shipping, 5,353 Tonnage of vessels under 20 tons, 172 Whole number of tons, 17,71G Add to the above ships Diligence and William, which are not registered at New Bedford, say 500 18,216 About 30 sail, or nearly GOOO tons, are employed in the freighting business. About 20 sail, or nearly 4000 tons, in whaling. Tonnage as above, 18,216 Add ships America and Mary, of Bedford, say 500 And ship Ophelia and brig Factor, of Fairhaveu, say 430 Whole touuage, 1 mo. 18 [1804,] 19,146 71 APPENDIX. ' ^ VII. MEMORANDA IN RELATION TO THE EARLY HIS- TORY OF NEW BEDFORD. BY ABRAHAM SHEARMAN, JUNIOR. [The following are copied from a manuscript prepared by Abraham Shearman, Junior.] New Bedford, 11 mo. 30, 1821. To -ratify that species of curiosity, which seCms naturally to lead the human mind to trace the origin and early incidents « ^";^^^^- con^munities as well as of nations, I avail myself of the recollect on of an aged and intelligent citizen* now in his 79th year, to recor some particulars of the first settlement of New Bedford, in connection with some account of the whale fishery to which it owed its origin, and has been principally indebted for its prosperity. The township of Dartmouth, in its original extent, as purchased of the good old Massasoit in 1C52, and as it remained till divided in l Barker In opposition. Question decided in the negative Y. 109 N. 183. Sampson Perkins moves that Water street from North street to its northern terminus be discontinued. Pending the motion the meeting adjourned. Adjourned meeting at 2i o'clock P. M. The moderator then stated the question to be on Mr. Perkins motion to discontinue that part of Water street named in the warrant, and then proceeded further to state, that he had felt it his duty, with the permission of the meeting to say a few words in relation to the course which the debate had taken. He pointed out the peculiar character of the subjects which had been and then were before the town, and ac- counted for and justified the extensive range which had been taken and allowed, to that fact, and the peculiar manner in which the subject had been brought forward for the action of the inhabitants. He then reminded the meeting, that nothing could justify attacks upon private character — that the fair name and fame of the citizens of the town were of more value than money, and, in conclusion pointed out the true course of discussion upon the question then before the meeting. Motion of E. M. Robinson to discontinue North AVater street with proviso. His remarks. He states "if all further action upon the subject should be sus- pended, the sum of tioo thousand dollars would be immediately paid into the treasury of the town." Whole subject indefinitely postponed. Benj. Rodman hands his mother Elizabeth Rodman's check to mod- erator for f 2000. The record reads — " Benjamin Rodman, Esq. then rose and having obtained liberty of the meeting, stated to the inhabitants that his aged mother, unwilling that any imputation of unfairness or of having vio- lated any engagement should rest upon the character of her son, had put into his hands, without the knowledge of his brother Samuel a check for two thousand dollars to be placed into the treasury of the town." Moderator gives check to treasurer. Motion of E. M. Robinson of thanks to the moderator. The record is "That the thanks of the town be given to James Bunker Congdon Esquire, for the impartialitri , fairness and ability, APPENDIX. 1)5 with which he has discharged the duties of moderator of this meeting," which was passed unanimously. A. Barlvcr speaks on question of vote of thanks to moderator. The record reads — "he disclaimed any feelings of ill-will towards either of the two gentlemen whose names had been so closely con- nected with the discussion, and hoped that nothing he had said would be construed into any reflection upon their characters." Art. 4 of the warrant for the meeting considered, [to review the whole proceedings in relation to Water street.] On motion of R. French, indefinitely postponed. Closing part of the record — "While this motion was pending, David R. Greene stated to the meeting that he liad in his possession a check signed by Samuel Rodman for two thousand dollars which had been placed in the hands of the Treasurer of the town; that Mr. Rod- man, although he continued to entertain the clearest conviction that no more than Justice had been done him by the act of the town in re- leasing him from the obligation of his bond, was unwilling that any of his fellow-citizens should think that injustice had been done them by that act, and therefore he was willing to put back into the treasury of the town the amount which liad been paid as damage to George Howland." The meeting was then briefly addressed by Sampson Perkins, Rodney French, and George Randall, who severally expressed the hope that nothing that had been said would be construed into disrespect or ill wdl towards the two persons whose names had been so much used in the debate— and also by Isaac D. Hall, who expressed his pleasure at being able to say that both of those gentlemen had come out of the trial without a blemish upon their characters. The moderator then put the motion for adjournment which was carried unanimously. Note. — This was a most extraordinary meeting, more exciting and interesting than any town meeting ever held hei*e. It was for this reason that the proceedings were entered so fully. 96 CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION. • XX. NEW BEDFORD IN 1845. [The following sketch of New Bedford thirty-one years ago, forms a part of an article by a New Bedford contributor, published in the Na- tional Magazine for September, KSliJ.] It is difficult for any one, and particularly difficult for a stranger, to form anything like a true estimate of the magnitude and character of the business operations of New Bedford. Lowell and Fall River place at once before the eyes of the visitor the whole extent of their indus- trial instrumentalities — buildings, stock, machinery, men, women, and children all appear and present an imposing array of ingenious and productive movement;" and as the eye takes in the long ranges of towering factories, and the ear is almost stunned with the loud and never-ceasing clamour and roar of the w-hcels and the furnaces, and the long lines of busy and willing hands, all seem drawn up in orderly array to their respective tasks, the mind is furnished with all the ele- ments for the formation of a correct judgment as to the magnitude of the enterprises in which the inhabitants of those towns are engaged. Our farmers, too, can easily put into the possession of the looker-on the means of a true appreciation of their agricultural operations. Ayrshires and plough-shares, crops, cribs, and cattle, porkers, pens, and poultry, smoked hams, and Durhams, long-horned, and short- horned, and no-horned, l)arns, bins, bulls, and bannocks, fine-top and red-top grasses, and lasses, bumpkins, and pumpkins, all are to be viewed and reviewed at once ; so that the visitor to the prize-farm is not left a moment in doubt as to the agencies of production, the result produced, or as to the right of the proprietor and manager to the silver pitcher at the next state agricultural exhibition, or county cattle show. But New Bedford has no such opportunities for display. Its inhab- itants have no means for concentrating and grouping the agencies and results of their enterprise and industry, so as to cause them to make a revelation, full and complete, of their claims to the notice and ad- miration of the world. Scattered over the ocean, each of the floating magazines of skill, perseverance, and labour, puts forth during the course of its years-long adventure an aggregate of well-directed and vigorous efl'ort that cannot be paralleled within the same limited ex- tent of operations in any other branch of human industry. But who can see, who can appreciate this? Alone, on the great deep, afar ofl", beyond the ken of affectionate regard or intelligent cu- riosity, these little bands of hard-working, much-enduring, wealth- producing men, in their sea-encircled domain, pursue their toll with an activity that never tires, a resoluteness that crushes in its grasp APPENDIX. 97 difficulty and opposition, as the mailed hand of the warrior the feeble opposition of childhood, united with the exercise of a degree of pru- dence, decision, and skill, which many a cabinet council might vainly emulate. Year after year they i)ursue their adventurous toil, and, re- turning, add the fruits of their hardy, intelligent and errant industry to the world's aggregate wealth, without any just appreciation, on the part of the landsman, of the enormous amount of vigorous and self- denying oflFort which has been put forth in its accumulation. Since there cannot be, in reality, spread out before the eye of the observer such an array of the business instrumentalities of the town as will give him an idea of their magnitude, let us, for a moment, call in the aid of the imagination, and sketch a picture which may assist in giving something like an adequate impression of their potential char- acter. Take the wand of Prospero — " And by your art, set the wild waters in a i-oar," That from their various and remote cruising grounds, the New Bedford whalemen, " ordered by the safe provisions of your art," may sudden- ly concentrate in the offing, and in a single line enter the waters of the bay near which the town is situate. Cast your eye upon that long line of noble ships. The leading vessel has already rounded the light, and entered the harbour, while the last of the fleet has just shot into the waters of the bay. Onward they come, their white canvas shin- ing like a milky-way upon the waters. And now the pioneer ship having reached the northern extremity of the inner harbour, the sig- nal is given, and the two hundred and fifty ships which compose that imposing and majestic array, come up to the wind, let go their an- chors, and are soon to be seen, with every sail furled, quietly reposing upon the waters of the secluded haven. From the channel of the river, afar out, four or five miles beyond the point which makes the southern extremity of the town, almost as fiir as the eye can reach, extends the line, nearly ten miles long, of vessels which compose the whaling fleet of New Bedford. To the mind capable of grasping in, all its vastness and comprehensiveness the far off scene, of which this splendid array is but the representative, few sights upon which the eye can rest would be more significant or sublime. Another signal is given ! and from the sides' of the ships are seen quickly to descend more than one thousand of those buoyant and graceful craft whose speed, when urged through the waters by the sturdy whalers, outstrips that of the fleet monsters who vainly strive to escape from the dart of the hunters of the ocean, are ranged in unbroken line in front of the fleet. Nearly six miles in length is this whaling flotilla, as each boat with head to the north is made ready to move forward in the pageant M 98 CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION. which is to exhiijit the extent and the potency of New Bedford enter- prise. In that interminable line of boats, floating like an immense sea- serpent upon the still waters of the Accushnett, are seated at the oar more than seven thoitsand men. There, ready to display that aptitude, fearlessness and vigour which is called forth and demanded by their occupation, are to be seen the operatives of the New Bedford fisheries. More than seven thousand men, not women and children, but strong, hardy, vigorous men! with powers of endurance and capacities for labor not exceeded by any other on the face of the globe, are contained in those little light and beautiful "skimmers of the seas," whose mo- tions, like the prancing of the generous steed, seem to chide the delay which restrains them from darting forward over the waters. Four times as many men are there, as composed the American army when at Bunker Hill the British hirelings were taught a lesson which al- lowed them no longer to sneer at the prowess of American peasantry ; and more than composed the army, which on that memorable day, was sent to drive those peasantry from their half formed intrenchments. More individuals are there, than made up the sum total of the inhabit- ants of New Bedford twenty-five years ago ; and although it now numbers not far from sixteen thousand inhabitants, it would take the adult male population of two such towns to furnish such a band of ocean operatives. See, the line has started. Onward they move, " With pennon streaming and with lance in vest," The oars of the light-hearted crews keeping time to the music of their merry songs. Divided into as many detachments as there are ships to which they are respectively attached, they range along before us, and with flags and signals displayed, and exhibiting the instruments of their craft, the weapons of their hardy warfare, one after another, in numbers almost numberless, glide away from our point of observation, and are lost in the distance. The wand of the enchanter is broken ; the vision has fled ! We could not follow that imposing array, even if we should imagine that from the top of one of the whalers Ave heard the inspiring cry, "There she blows," arousing into generous rivalry and untiring activity all the energies of the sailor-boy's breast. The pageant has vanished; and having dismissed the assembled ships to their respective cruising grounds, there let us leave them with the expression of the earnest hope " Tliat bright success may on their vah)iir wait, And rich reward attend upon their toil." Having, by this imaginary concentration of its forces, attempted to give a general view of the character and extent of the industrial op- erations of New Bedford, we shall proceed to give a brief description APPENDIX. 99 of the town ; a few facts in relation to its history and progress, and some statistics exhibiting the results of the home business in which its inhabitants are engaged. The town is pleasantly and eligibly situated on the west side of a small estuary, called the Accushnett River, which makes up in a northerly direction into the land near the western extremity of Buz- zard's Bay, on the south shore of Massachusetts. It was formerly a part of the town of Dartmouth, which town once included the towns of Westport, Dartmouth, New Bedford, and Fairhaven. It is a half shire town of the county of Bristol. It w'as incorporated in the year 1787. In the year 1812, that portion of the town situated on the east side of the Accushnett was set ofl' as a separate township, retaining the name of Fairhaven, by which it always has been distinguished from the opposite settlement of Bedford. Nothing can exceed the beauty of the situation of New Bedford. It is built upon ground which rises rapidly from the river, and the view from the opposite town of Fairhaven, and from the harbour, as it is approached from the south, is not exceeded by ahy town in the Union. It is laid out with much regularity, the streets nearly all forty feet wide, crossing each other at right angles. Most of the sidewalks are flagged and many of the streets are paved. The buildings are mostly of wood, although several of the finest houses and stores are built of a more durable and safe material. Few strangers who visit New Bedford fail to be struck with the ex- ceeding neatness and beauty of the dwellings in the more elevated portions of the town. Much of this attractiveness is owing to the circumstance, that they are nearly all surrounded by extensive and well cultivated gardens, a^nd that the streets on which they are built are bordered with a beautiful growth and great variety of ornamental trees. County street, which runs the whole extent of the thickly set- tled part of the town, about two miles, upon the summit of the rising ground on which it is built, is allowed to be almost without a rival in this country for its various and attractive beauties. Visitors are not only strongly impressed with the beauty of its sit- uation, and the tastefuluess and richness of many of its public build- ings and private residences, but by the aspect o{ freshness which it everywhere presents. The large number of newly-erected buildings, particularly dwelling-houses, is an evidence of rapid growth, and of the accumulation of means by which that growth is promoted and sus- tained; and that nearly all these recent erections, are the neat, but humble dwellings of the trader, the mechanic, and the labourer, is not among the least gratifying evidences of real and permanent increase and prosperity. The desire for a home of one's own, possesses a charm; and the knowledge that the stranger landlord cannot inter- meddle with our joys, has, to an extent rarely known, among a thickly 100 CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION. settled population, au abiding and active influence upon the people of New Bedford. From this cause is it, that one of the first and most interesting sights which meets the eye of the visitor, is the great number of neat, modest, and convenient dwellings which are spread- ing themselves over the beautiful hill upon which the town is situate. In this disposition, so pleasing to contemplate, which has been made of the means which our honest industry and a laudable enterprise have placed at our disposal, I believe no one will undertake to say that a fair proportion has not been devoted to the gratification of a taste for the beautiful in village architecture and its accessories, the comfortable walk, the over-shadowing tree, the green inclosure, and the blooming flower garden. We cannot be said to be deficient in that love of the beautiful in nature, and art, so strikingly apparent in most of our New England towns, and which renders them the admiration of the traveller from other lands. The neat and comfortable dwellings of our mechanics, the extensive homes of some of our more wealthy inhabitants, the snug inclosure of the poor man, and the more en- larged and highly ornamental grounds of his richer neighbour, all manifest the presence of a nobler feeling than that which prompts to exertion from the mere love of gain. Our public edifices are creditable in style and liberality. Of our churches, it tnay, with much propriety, be remarked that we may not fear to have them examined, or mimbered. In a kind of architecture, in relation to which it is said, that the New Englanders are transgress- ors to a proverb, we have been so far successful, that all oifr places of public worship are respectable; and to one of them, has been ac- corded the high praise of standing without a rival in this part of the country. Our Town Hall has called forth the admiration of visitors of taste, and the buildings devoted to the schools, both in number and appearance, give an unequivocal indication that upon the important subject of education the people of New Bedford have been true to the principles of their Pilgrim ancestry. While the citizens of New Bedford have exhibited their taste, and of some, perhaps, it may be said, their opulence, in their private dwell- ings, they have not failed to devote a proper regard to the public con- venience, comfort, and safety, and the true prosperity and happiness of the inhabitants. It would be diflicult to find a community of the same population, where so liberal an outlay in every branch of public expenditure has uniformly been made. No department has been neg- lected ; and when the eflbrt was unsuccessfully made to obtain a vote for a city charter, it was urged as a reason against the change, that no public concernment had been neglected, and consequently no change was called for. The public buildings, the arrangements for the support and comfort of the poor and the sick, the means of public education, the condition APPENDIX. 101 of the streets and highways, and the state of the fire department, manifest unequivocal evidence of a liberal expenditure, and a careful and discreet supervision. The population of the town is estimated at about sixteen thousand. It has nearly doubled within the last ten years, every year having shown an increase. During this period, including the appropriations of the present year, there has been expended for public purposes about five hundred and twenty thousand dollars, not including above sixty thousand dollars which has been assessed as county taxes — an aver- age of flfty-two thousand dollars a year, with an average of twelve thousand inhabitants. Few communities in this country can exhibit a parallel to this. A view of some of the items of this expenditure may be interesting. There have been expended upon the Public schools, $162,000 Public streets and highways, 103,000 Fire departmeut, 37,000 Paupers, 2^-000 Public buiklmgs, about 100,000 A comparison of the sum which has been expended upon the public schools, with that which during the same period of time it has cost to support the paupers, gives a favourable aspect to this statistical evi- dence of the condition and character of the inhabitants. It is proper, however, to observe, that this is about one half the whole amount which it has cost to maintain the paupers within the limits of the town. All such as have no residence in the state are supported, in part, by the state government, and for the support of the paupers from other towns, payment is made by the towns to Avhich they respectively belong. The following are the appropriations made at the Annual Town Meeting, in April last: For paupers, $2,800 For streets, repaying, paving, curbing, and flagging, 12,400 For lighting the streets, -<-'^ For public schools, 21,500 For night-watch, ^'^'^ For payments on debt, .5,2.ir).43 For lire department, "'000 For new alms-h(nise, 12,000 For incidental and miscellaneous, 4,800^ Making an aggregate of $70,73i>.43 To meet this expenditure, and to pay the state tax of $1,510.50, and the county tax of $G,674.96, there has been assessed a tax of seventy- five thousand dollars, just the amount of the state tax voted by the last General Court. 102 CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION. Real estate, $fi,132,300 Personal estate, 9,037,000 Tlie property of the town has been valueil by the assessors, at $ir),7(J!>,30() The number of taxables, is 4,141 The number of polls, is (males twenty years of age and upwards) 3,7!<4 The number of persons who pay a poll tax only, is '.',100 One hundred and seventy-five of the taxables are people of colour. Several of them are large tax-payers. There are above one thousaud coloured persons residing in the town. Tlie valuation in the year 1836, was $11,360,350 For 1844, it was 14,767,000 After making this financial exhibit, it will not be thought necessary to go much into detail as to the condition of the several departments. Liberality of expenditure and a vigilant supervision are evident in every branch of the public aflairs of New Bedford. The public schools are, as we have seen, liberally provided for; their condition furnishes unequivocal evidence that the munificent appropriations of tlie inhab- itants are, and have been, expended under the direction of intelligent and devoted committee men. From the last report of the School Committee, we see that twenty- eight public schools are. sustained by the town, and that forty-seven teachers are constantly employed. Of this large number of teachers only four are males. A new brick school-house, for the accommodation of the public high- school, and one or more schools of a lower grade, has just been com- pleted. It has been built at an expense of about twelve thousand dol- lars, and is a beautiful and convenient structure. The number of public school-houses is seventeen. Perhaps, no better evidence of the cflective character of the fire de- partment can be given than the fact, that although nearly all the build- ings are of wood, the town has never been visited by an extensive conflagration. This department consists of a board of firewardens, twenty in number, from which three engineers are selected, a hook and ladder company, a company for the protection of property, and ten engine companies. For every engine, ten in number, a convenient house has been provided. The whole number of men belonging to the department is five hundred and twenty-five. Ten dollars a year is allowed to the firemen. The selectmen, in their last annual report, hold the following lan- guage in relation to the department : "The engines and apparatus attached to them, and all the other fire apparatus of the town, are in good order, as are the buildings appro- priated to their use, and the reservoirs, distributed over every part of the village, can, it is believed, aftbrd an ample supply of water for any APPENDIX. 103 emergency. These gratifying facts, connected with the still more im- portant one, that we have a body of firemen who have not been, and cannot be, surpassed for all those qualities which give vigour and efficiency to the operations of a fire department, and whicli give calm- ness and assurance to the inhabitants when alarmed by the cry of fire, are sources of well-founded gratulation, and naake valid the claim of our department to an elevated position among similar establishments of our country, and in the estimation of those for whose safety and protection it has been founded and sustained." For the economical and comfortable support of the poor, no place has ever been found, so perfect as that which places them, under proper supervision, upon a farm. This mode was adopted many years ago by New Bedford. A farm of about a hundred acres was pur- chased, the cost of which, with the buildings, which were then erected, was about seven thousand dollars. We have seen the annual outlay. The farm has beeu increasing in value, and is now computed to be worth ten thousand dollars. A new alms-house is now in process of erection, which will cost about fifteen thousand dollars. A pleasauter and more commanding situation than that occupied by the present building, has been selected, and it will, when completed, not only be a safe and comfortable dwelling for the poor, but an ornament to the town, by whose enlightened liberality it will have been erected. In their care for the living, the inhabitants have not been unmindful of what is due to the dead. A public place of burial, called Oak Grove Cemetery, has been provided, containing eight acres of ground. A part of the cemetery is laid out in lots, the exclusive occupancy of which may be obtained from the authorities for a small consideration. The remainder is devoted to indiscriminate burial. It is a beautiful spot. Nature has been lavish of her gifts, and good taste marks the arrangements which have been made by the officers of the town to adapt the grounds to its sacred purpose. "The funds which have been derived from the lots taken by individuals," say the selectmen in the report before quoted, "have enabled the authorities to add to the convenience and beauty of the spot which has been selected as a place for the public interment of the dead, and every citizen, whatever may be his designs or wishes, with regard to himself or his friends, cannot but be gratified that the Common Burying Ground has, by the plan which has been adopted, been saved from tliat aspect of loathsomeness and abandonment, too often exhil)ited in such locations " The Rural Cemetery, a private ground, is well laid out ; and although not possessing the natural advantages of the other, the chaste and beautiful monuments, the neat inclosures, and the green shrubbery, give it a pleasing appearance, and speak of the possession, on the part of those who have availed of it as a place of sepulture, of those re- fined and exalted sentiments, which lead to the selection and embel- 104 CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION. lishraents of nature's loveliest spots, as a final resting-place for the departed. In this town the curbing and flagging the side-walks, as well as all the other operations upon the streets, are performed at the public ex- pense. To this it is owing that the sum expended upon the highways has been so large. Between fifty and sixty thousand dollars have been expended upon the side-walks alone. Nearl}' every one of the streets will, at the close of the present year, have one of its side-walks flagged. Some of the more public thoroughfares are paved and have both the side-walks flagged. The Town Ilall is a magnificent structure. It is built of granite, and is one hundred feet long and sixty-one feet wide, and three stories in height. The lower story, or basement, is occupied as a public market. This room is spacious and convenient, and its stalls in good order, and all furnished with marble benches for the meats; and for the most part supplied with an abundance of those articles usually found in the public market. The second story is a hall for public meetings, eighty by sixty feet. In the third story are rooms for the accommodation of the officers of the town. Connected with the office of the Town Clerk, is a large fire-proof apartment, in which the records and papers of the town are deposited. In the hall is suspended a full length portrait of Washington, painted by William A. Wall, a native artist, from Stuart's celebrated picture, and presented to the town by a small number of the citizens. It has been pronounced, by competent judges, to be well and faithfully exe- cuted; and while it reflects credit upon the artist, and upon the public spirit of the individuals who caused it to be executed, it is highly ornamental to the beautiful hall. The edifice, which with the land beneath and around it, cost the town the sum of sixty thousand dollars, has been called by many, the handsomest building in New England devoted to civic purposes. Having glanced at the principal subjects connected with the town of a public or municipal character, let us for a moment look at what there is worthy of attention in the pursuits of its inhabitants, and the re- sults which have attended the exertions of individuals and corporate bodies. We have already spoken of that pursuit which forms the principal business of the town. A few details are wanting to give a complete idea of its extent, character, and results. The number of vessels belonging to the town', engaged in the whal- ing business, is two hundred and fifty-one. They are all ships but five. Collectively they measure eighty-two thousand one hundred and sixty- two tons. These ships are navigated and their operations carried on by crews APPENDIX. 105 uurabering, on an average, not far from thirty men each. This malies the number on board the fleet above seven thousand, as has already been stated. These vessels, averaging them, have cost the owners more than thirty thousand dollars each. This of course includes the cost of the outfit. At this low estimate, then, the value of the New Bedford whaling -fleet is seven million five hundred and thirtij Ihonsand dollars. Add to this the value of the wharves, and oil, and candle factories, and the coopering, blacksmithiug, boat building, warehouses, and other mechanical establishments directly connected with, and depend- ent upon, the whaling operations, and we shall find that the amount of capital engaged in the business of catching oil from this town alone, will vary but little from nine millions of dollars. During the year 1844, there was brought into the port by the New Bedford fleet — Sperm oil, 54,509 Whale oil, 102,99-2 Making an aggi-egate of 157,501 barrels, Or four million nine hundred and sixty-one thousand two hundred and eighty-one and a half gallons. During the same time, nine hundred and seventy-eight thousand five liundred and ninety-two pounds of whalebone were imported. The value of the importation is ascer- tained as follows : 1,717,0;?3^ galls, sperm oil, at 90 cents, $1,545,.330.15 3,244,248 " whale oil, " 75 cents, 1,175,486.80 978,592 pouncls whalebone," 35 cents, 342, .507.20 Total value of the product of the fishing for tlie year 1844, $3,003,324.15 More than three millions of dollars. About one third of this amount is paid to the crews of the ships. Up to the 25th day of July, of the present year, the importations have been SpeiMn oil, 35,401 Whale oil, 08,101 103,502 barrels, And about seven hundred thousand pounds of whalebone. At the same prices the value of the receipts this year up to the above named date is $2,001,235.27^, more than two millions of dollars. In the year 1843 the results of the fishery were as follows : Whole number of barrels of oil, Sperm oil, 01,0i>(i Whale oil, 40,922 101,988 Iwrrels. lOG CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION. This importatiou, with the whalebone which was brought iu the same year, about 360,000 pounds, was estimated to have been worth two million three hundred thousand dollars. On the first day of January, 1844, the number of ships in the fishery was two hundred and nineteen, measuring G9,703 tons. The number is now two hundred and fifty-one, measuring 82,102 tons, showing an increase in about a year and a half of thirty-two ships, and in the ton- nage 12, 459 tons; about 15 per cent, in the number of vessels and 18 per cent, in the amount of tonnage. The district of New Bedford includes the towns of Dartmouth, New Bedford, Fairhaven, and Rochester. There are belonging to the district, one hundred and seventeen thousand five hundred and sixty -nine tons of shipping. This shows it to rank as the fourth tonnage district in the United States : New York, Boston, and New Orleans exceeding it. New Bedford alone has more than double the amount of registered tonnage owned in Philadelphia. In the district the registered tonnage is 108,640 tons. Enrolled tonnage is 8,929 tons. 11",5(;9 tons. In the year 1835, August 1st, the tonnage of the district was but 73,982 tons. On the first day of Januaiy, of the present year, there were cm- ployed in the whale fishery, from the United States, (143 ships, 35 brigs, and 17 schooners and sloops. The tonnage was 218,055 tons. Since that time there has been a considerable increase. The number of ves- sels now engaged in the business is about 720. The manufacture of the products of the fishery forms one important part of the business of the town. Much of the sperm oil imported is prepared for use by the difl'erent processes by which spring, summer, fall, and winter oil, (as the diff'erent kinds are called, according to the season when the oil is pressed,) are produced, before it finds its way to the various markets of the country : and from the spermaceti, an article exclusively the product of the spermaceti whale, is manufac- tured the spermaceti candle, so universally admired and esteemed for its pleasant light. There are about twenty oil and candle maufac- tories in the town, most of which are in operation. A large amount of capital is invested in this branch of business, and several hundred persons find regular and liealthful employment in connexion with it. A large portion of the right whale, or, as it is generally called, whale or black oil, is exported to the north of Europe. The manufacture for the purification of this kind of oil is carried on to some extent in the town, and more extensively in the country, the high price of sperm APPENDIX. 107 oil causing it to be much used in lamps as a substitute for the purer and dearer article. Much of the sperm oil is consumed in the various manuAxctories of this countr}' and England. It is thought, by some, that the time is not far distant when the whole importation of this article will be re- quired for the purposes of oiling machinery. Nothing has yet been found which can be used as a substitute for pure sperm oil upon delicate machinery. It will be readily seen that the prosecution of the business in which New Bedford is engaged, must necessarily give employment to a large amount of labour not immediately connected with the operations of procuring the oil. Many of the ships belonging to the town have been built there, and no better ships float the ocean than those which have been launched from the ship yards of New Bedford and the neighbouring town of Fairhaven. The business of repairing the ships gives employment to a large number of shipwrights, and before anything is done towards placing on board the whaler the outfit for her voyage, calkers, riggers, sail-makers and painters find a demand for the exercise of their re- spective crafts. But our space will not allow us to enter into the details of the op- eration of fitting out a whale ship. Tlie amount of from two to five thousand barrels or casks are required for each vessel, and while Michigan supplies the staves, and Tall River, "Wareham, and Taunton furnish the hoops, New Bedford mechanics supply the labour which puts the raw material into a shape to fit it for the use of the whaler. The thousand whale boats which are now hanging upon the cranes of the gallant ships, or which are driven forward by their hardy crews, in pursuit of the ocean monsters, are all the product of the New Bed- ford workshop. The irons which fasten the whaler to his victim, and the lance which gives the death blow and ends the contest, are wrought by the skill and industry of New Bedford artisans. Largely have the mechanics and labourers of this thriving town shared in the benefits which have crowned the whaling enterprises of the inhabitants. We may be mistaken, but from the observations and inquiries which we have been enabled to make, we have arrived at the conclusion that there is not a town in New England where so large a proportion of the property is held by what are generally termed the working men, the mechanics and labourers of the place. Take the men on board the ships, who we have seen number over seven thou- sand, and add to them the men, women, and children who, upon the shore, are engaged in some one of the numerous vocations directly connected with the whaleman's operations, and it will be found, that In the New Bedford whaling business and its various branches, daily 108 CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION. employment is given to more than ten thousand persons. Add to these the great numbers who, in various parts of the world, are fur- nishing the materials which are demanded, and the supplies which are consumed, in the prosecution of the fisheries, and those who find em- ployment in the disposition which is made of the profits of the busi- ness, and the aggregate would present astonishing and gratifying evidence of its magnitude and importance. In connexion with this branch of our subject we would notice the cordage manufactory recently put into operation. The moving force is two steam engines of twenty horse power each. About seventy-five persons are employed, half of whom are females. Not far from four hundred tons of cordage Ai"e annually manufactured. Our remarks in relation to the business of the place, have thus far been confined to those pursuits directly appertaining to that branch of industry in which the inhabitants are so generally and so deeply en- gaged. To give a faithful picture of the industrial aspects of the town, we may add a word in relation to other business operations. Steam, as a moving power, is fast increasing here. Two planing machines, a manufactory of looking-glasses' and picture frames, two mills for grinding grain, several blacksmithing and carpentering estab- lishments, and a manufactory of Prussian blue, from which a beautiful article is turned out, are to a greater or less extent in operation through the instrumentality of the steam engine. An extensive es- tablishment for the manufacture of linseed oil, by steam, will go into operation in a few weeks. The business of making paper hangings is carried on. Carriage making, to an annual amount of fifty thousand dollars, employs quite a number of mechanics. The products of their industry are all consumed in (he town. The large number of livery stables, and the somewhat unusual number of individuals who keep their own carriages, make this branch of business extensive and profitable. The New Bedford Marine Railway and Wharf Company have a cap- ital of fifty thousand dollars, and on a small island owned by them, separated from the busiest part of the town by a narrow channel, and connected with it by a portion of the bridge, one mile in length, which unites New Bedford with the opposite town of Fairhaven, they have, beside wharves, warehouses, dwelling-houses, and mechanics' shops, a marine railway, which affords great facilities for cleaning and repair- ing the smaller class of vessels. The two individuals who compose that company are extensively engaged in dredging operations in vari- ous parts of the country, as well as in their own town. They have machines in operation, several of them moved by steam power, in Canada, and in four different States of the Union. The New Bedford Institution for Savings holds funds to the amount APPENDIX. 109 of four huudred and twelve thousand dollars. The number of depos- itors is nineteen huudred and forty. There are four banks, the united capitals of which amount to thir- teen hundred thousand dollars. These corporations severally own the building's in which they are kept. That occupied by the Merchants' and Mechanics' Banks, is a fine structure of brick, with a front of hewn granite from the Fall Elver quarry. The pillars and other orna- mental work of the Town Hall are of the same material. This granite has been thought, by some, to be superior to that procured at Quincy. There are now but two insurance offices iu the town, both con- ducted on the mutual principle. Four stock offices, are now winding up their affairs. One of these, the Merchants', presents an example of successful operation seldom exhibited. In September next, it will be twenty years since it commenced business. Funds for a dividend at that time are now on hand. The company will then have paid out to its stockholders, upon a capital of one hundred thousand dollars, three hundred and eighty thousand dollars, or nineteen per cent, per annum, and have its whole capital and a small surplus remaining. It now has but few risks out, all of which are re-insured. The New Bedford and Taunton Kailroad is twenty miles long. It connects the two places whose names the corporation bears, and was constructed at an expense of four hundred thousand dollars. Nearly all the stock is owned in New Bedford, the managers are residents iu that town, and so successful has it been in its operations that the stock is now held at twenty-five per cent, advance. A glance at the benevolent, religious, and educational aspects of the place will finish our sketch of this village of the whalers. Among the benevolent undertakings of the inhabitants, the first iu importance is that which is sustained by the New Bedford Port Soci- ety. They have built a church, a small, but neat, wooden edifice, where services are every Sunday performed by a minister, who, in addition to his labours on that day, is expected to devote nearly all his time to the promotion of the temporal and spiritual welfare of the sailor. An evening meeting is held once a week. A registry office is connected with the "bethel," and its pages are often the means of giving, to distant friends and relatives, information of those who wander from their homes and seek employment upon the decks of the whale-ship. This society has a lady's branch, which has established a clothing store, where the sailor is sure to find well made articles of apparel, and which have the additional recommendation of being, for the most part, the work of the wives, widows, and daughters of the seaman. For an Orphan's Home, a cDuvenient dwelling has been purchased, where the children reside under the care of a matron and school-mis- tress. This establishment, under the supervision and control of the 110 CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION. society of females, by whose energy and benevolence it has been es- tablished and sustained, bids fair to be a highly useful institution. The Bible Society is a branch of the American Institution. Its op- erations have been, for the most part, confiued to the supply of the destitute sailors, and of such as might be found without the scriptures Avithin the limits of the town. No ship leaves the harbour of New Bedford without a supply of Bibles for all on boarti. The Benevolent Society, and the Dorcas Society, in a quiet unob- trusive way, seek out and relieve the destitute and the sufleriug. By far the largest part of the benevolent operations of the town are sus- tained by the efforts of females, and a weekly gathering at the Town Hall, at which the industry and kindness of the New Bedford ladies are exercised for the relief of sickness and privation, presents a sight far more attractive than the crowded drawing-room or festive hall. The only literary societies, are the New Bedford Social Library As- sociation, and the New Bedford Lyceum, both incorporated institu- tions. The latter is confined to a provision for a course of lectures during the winter. It has a small amount of funds, the income of which, with the annual payments for tickets, are more than sufficient to compensate the lecturers and provide a room for their accommoda- tion. It has been in operation about seventeen years. The Li))rary Association is a much older institution. From a small beginning, in the infancy of the town, it has "grown with its growth, and strengthened with its strength," until it has arrived at a position of stability and usefulness highly gratifying to its friends and credit- able to the community. Its library contains five thousand four hun- dred volumes, and every year witnesses an increase. The books are allowed to be taken out by the proprietors, and an annual assessment furnishes the means of adding to the number and of paying the ex- penses of the institution. We have already spoken of the public schools. An interesting fact, connected with them, is the establishment of a public library exclu- sively for their use. By the enlightened liberality of the state and the town governments, a fund has been provided for a school library, which already numbers two thousand volumes. By a judicious decis- ion of the school committee, the means placed at their disposal were concentrated in the establishment of one library, instead of being di- vided among the diflerent schools, as has been generally the case in the towns of the state ; and the committee room in the Town Hail, fitted up for the purpose, makes a neat and convenient place of de- posit, and delivery to the children, for whose benefit the books have been purchased. There is one other library in the town. It belongs to the Friends' Academy, and contains two thousand volumes. This academy is an incorporated institution, and, in addition to the use of the books, the APPENDIX. Ill pupils have the advantage of a valuable philosophical apparatus. The academy building is delightfully situated on the rising ground in the west part of the town, and in the centre of a large inclosure beauti- fully set out with ornamental trees. The corporation has a fund which in part supports the institution. The names of the late William Eotch, of this town, and of Samuel Elam, of Newport, are associated with this academy as its early patrons and benefactors. Its pupils are now exclusively females. The adherents of almost every shade of religious belief are to be found in New Bedford. Twenty-one different houses of public worship exist within its limits. The Methodists, including a society of col- oured persons and one of Reformed Methodists, have five, the ortho- dox Congregationalists have four, the Baptists, Friends, Episcopalians, Unitarians, Universalists, Roman Catholics, and Mormons, have each one, and the Christians, so called, have five. Two of the latter are owned and occupied by societies of coloured persons. Last Sunday, (we write August 6,) it is believed that there were twenty-four ditt'er- ent religious gatherings in the town. The Come-outers and Millerites have regular meetings, and there is a small gathering of Friends who harmonize in sentiment with those who are familiarly known as the Hicksite portion of that body. The churches of New Bedford are nearly all built of wood. The Unitarian and one of the Congregational churches are of stone, and the Friends' Meeting House is a large edifice of brick. Several of them are costly buildings, and they are generally neat and kept in good order. We might extend our notice, as there are several subjects of inter- est to which we have not alluded; but we have already extended our article far beyond our original intention. Our object has been to ex- hibit this community in its industrial aspect ; to give an example of the growth of a town, and of a large accumulation of capital, by the well-directed enterprise and industry of its inhabitants. Let it be re- membered that the wealth which we have seen, as belonging to the people of New Bedford, has been accumulated by its inhabitants. It has not been the result of foreign labour, or the capital of non-resi- dents invested in the business of the place. In this point of view, it presents us with an example of successful enterprise, which has but few parallels in this, or any other country. And those who read our hasty sketch of the town will agree with us in the opinion, that our people have no reason to be ashamed of the disposition they have made of the means which have been placed at their disposal. 112 CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION. XXL WHALERS DESTROYED BY THE CONFEDERATE CRUISERS. Following is a list of whaling vessels destroyed by the Alabama and other rebel cruisers during the rebellion, with the amount of oil on board. All except the first three named were captured by vessels fitted out from the British dominions. 18G1. Unis. Sp. Bills. \Vh. Schooner John Adams, Provincetowu, ^ Schooner Mermaid, " >215 Brig Parana, " 5 215 18G2. Ship Benjamin Tucker, New Bedford, 350 Bark Eben Dodge, " clean. Bark Elisha Dunbar, " " Ship Levi Starbuck, ^ " " Bark Virginia, " " Ship Ocean Rover, Mattapoisett, 710 50 Schooner Altamaha, Sippican, clean. Ship Ocmulgee, Edgartown, 250 Schooner Courser, Provincetown, clean. Schooner Weather Gage, Provincetown, " Bark Alert, New Loudon, " 1310 50 1863. Bark Lafayette, New Bedford, 170 Bark Nye, " 350 150 Schooner Kingfisher, Fairhaven, 170 10 Brig Kate Cory, Westport, 155 Schooner Rienzi, Provincetown, 75 920 IGO ISCi. Bark Edward, New Bedford 100 Bark Golconda, " .... ... . 1037 050 1037 750 APPENDIX. 113 18G5. Bbls. S;i. Bl);s. Wh. Bark Abigail, New Bedford, 30 Sliip Brunswick, " 200 Bark Congress, " 360 Ship Euphrates, " 200 Bark Gypsey, " 320 50 Ship Hector, " 275 Ship Hillman, " 200 Ship Isaac Ilowland, " IGO 480 Bark Isabella, " 300 Bark Jireh Swift, " 400 Bark Martha, 2d, " 200 Ship Nassau, " 100 Bark Nimrod, " 110 Ship Sophia Thornton, " ........... clean. Bark Waverly, " 50 400 Ship Wm. Thompson, " 250 Bark Favorite, Fairhaven, 300 200 Bark Covington, Warren, 100 Bark Catherine, New London, 200 Ship General Williams, " 200 Bark Edward Carey, San Francisco, , , 275 Brig Susan Abigail, " clean. Bark William C. Nye, " 150 Bark Harvest, Honolulu, 300 Bark Pearl, " clean. 1710 4100 25 New Bedford vessels, 2742 4150 2 Fairhaven vessels, 470 210 1 Mattapoisett vessel, 710 50 1 Sippican vessel, clean. 1 Westport vessel, 155 1 Edgartown vessel, 250 G Provincetowu vessels, 290 1 Warren vessel, '. 100 3 New London vessels, . 400 3 San Francisco vessels, 275 150 2 Honolulu vessels, 300 46 vessels. 5192 5060 No port has suffered as severely during the war as New Bedford, iu proportion to the amount of shipping owned. By a rough estimate the value of the vessels destroyed is $1,150,000, o 114 CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION. aud of the oil $500,000; making the whole damage to the whaling interest by the acts of rebel pirates $1,G50,000. XXII. THE NEW BEDFORD FREE PUBLIC LIBRARY. [This sketch of the history of the New Bedford Free Public Library was prepared to accompany the volumes of its reports sent to the Centennial Exposition.] The Commonwealth of Massachusetts, recognizing from the earliest period of its history the educational influence of public libraries, gave the assistance of its legislation in the promotion of their establish- ment and management. Early in the present century, laws were enacted giving corporate powers to the proprietors of Social Libraries, many of which had been established in various parts of the Commonwealth; and under the provisions of tlie law the number was increased, their condition made permanent, and their management rendered convenient and efl'ective. But a few years after the incorporation of the town of New Bed- ford, the want of books and the inability of most of the inhabitants to procure them, led to a combination of effort for that purpose. The early settlers of the village of Bedford were intelligent as well as industrious, frugal and virtuous. They were so far enlightened as to understand the value of books, and they saw clearly that the rem- edy for individual inability to procure them, was such a combination of means and efforts as would render the united ability the property of each. Several such combinations were formed in New Bedford previous to the passage of the act conferring upon them corporate powers. The proprietors of Dobsou's Encyclopanlia were the earliest to form this social and profitable arrangement. For our unlearned and iso- lated people this work was a library in itself. Eagerly and thoroughly were its pages read aud consulted ; and the well-worn volumes, now in the Free Public Library, bear testimony to the Aict so creditable to the people of the village. APPENDIX. 115 The Library Society followed. This was a more comprehensive ef- fort. The desire for boolis had outgrown the ability of Dobson to satisfy. New Bedford was fortunate in having among its people, men who could give a profitable direction to that intelligence which needed the assistance of books to supply its craving for gratification and in- crease. In this respect the young and prosperous community was fa- vored beyond the average, in that day, of villages whose population was mainly composed of toilers in the worlishop and upon the sea. The Social Library followed. This was a vigorous, well directed, and well managed association. The good sense of all recognized the wisdom of combination, and in the union there was found strength. The three associations were united, and the New Bedford Social Li- brary had a long, prosperous, and profitable career. Its collection of books was never large, never exceeding five thousand volumes ; but such was the care and intelligence bestowed upon their selection that it was well and truly said of it, that take those five thousand volumes out of it, the libraries of the world could not supply their place with other books as well adapted to the wants of such a community. When the passage of the State law allowed the proprietors to be- come a body corporate, advantage was taken of its provisions. For nearly half a century, this valuable collection of books was the principal source whence was supplied the desire of the people for knowledge and intellectual recreation. " Library-day " was always a welcome day. There was in attendance generally a large number of intelligent seekers; and the result of that intercourse with books for which this library provided was a marked and most promising and in- teresting feature in the characters of the young men and women of New Bedford. Thus speaks the poet of that early day, which to us of the present may seem the " day of small things " in the intellectual history of our city. I warm to thhik, as this bright sceue I scan, How it has ended, how it first began. Far from this crowd of manliood and of grace, I wander back o'er lialf a century's space. The little town, in sombre garb arrayed, Gleams still through flaunting fashion and parade; I see its fathers, pruublic lienelactor, of our dearly l>eloved and venerated chief magistrate, ancTare deeply apprehensive that soon the" tidings will reach us that the gifted and I'aitliful Seward has shared his fate; we will nerve our hearts and our hands to meet the crisis this awful event has brought upon our counti'y, and the per- fin-niance of the high and solemn duties wliich as men and as citizens of the United States now devolve upon us. t This large surplus was mainly owing to the act of Congress passed July, 1864, allowing credits for men serving in the United States Navy. 134 CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION. follows: lu 1861, $5,091.52; in 18G2, $25,257.29; in 18G3, $40,146.04; in 18G4, $36,500; in 1865, $18,500. Total amount in four years, $125,- 495.85. The Ladies' Soldiers' Relief Society donated for tlie relief of the soldiers upwards of twenty thousand dollars in money; iu cotton cloth and flannel, four thousand dollars ; and in hospital stores to the value of six thousand dollars. The following are some of the articles contributed : Condensed milk, preserved fruits, jellies and pickles, farina, maizeua, tamarinds, lemons, dried apples, tea, coflee, cocoa; 1116 bottles of wine, consisting of sherry, currant, blackberry, and native wines; 423 bottles of brandy ; 1130 bottles of blackberry braudy and syrups; 345 bottles of Port wine; large contributions for the Thanksgiving dinner and Christmas trees at Portsmouth Grove Hos- pital, besides bushels of lint and bandages. "The Society for the Comfort and Eelief of our Soldiers iu Hospitals " furnished, among other things, 5904 flannel shirts, 3887 pairs of drawers, 4573 woollen socks, 1790 towels, 94 coats, 76 vests, 120 collars, 1000 handkerchiefs, 368 cravats, 314 dressing-gowns, 1836 pocket-handkerchiefs, 300 pants, 148 napkins, 678 pairs slippers, 265 woollen mittens, 542 blankets, 515 sheets, 673 pillows, 750 quilts, 988 canes, 1280 woollen undershirts, &c. The contributions named above are certainly remarkable, but we have to add that the ladies of New Bedford began early in the war. They held a meeting on the 18th of April, 1861, and organized for the work. Mi's. Joseph C. Delano Avas chosen president, Mrs. Lawrence Grinnell vice-president, and Mrs. William Eddy secretary and treas- urer. In addition to the above contributions, five hundred dollars were given by a lady to pay soldiers' wives for sewing. They also sent contributions to the St. Louis and Baltimore Soldiers' Fairs, and furnished tables at the New York and Boston Fairs. APPENDIX. 13^ XXIV. SOLDIERS' AND SAILORS' MONUMENT. The monument erected by the city of New Bedford in memory of her citizens who perished in the rebellion occupies a prominent situ- ation upon the common. It is a beautiful and appropriate structure. Of the many erections of this character that the gratitude of the living has raised to com- memorate the patriotism of the dead, few can be found more taste- ful and appropriate in design, or more perfect in execution. The monument was designed and contracted for by George J^. Meacham, of Boston. The inscriptions upon the base are as follows : NORTH SIDE. Navy. EAST SIDE. Erected bv the City of New Beilfonl, as a tribute of gratitude to her sons who fell defending their Counti-y in its struggle with Slaveiy and Treason. SOUTH SIDE. Anny. WEST SIDE. Dedicated July 4th, 1866. The citizens will be interested in the following report of the com- mittee Of the City Council charged with the erection of the monu- ment. "Citg of TS'tfaj iSciforli. "In Committee, Jan. 5th, 1867. " The Joint Special Committee to whom was intrusted the duty of superintending the completion of the monument contracted for by the last city government, beg leave to submit the following REPORT. "The corner stone was laid on the 4th of July last, but the work was delayed longer than was anticipated, owing to the difficulties ex- perienced in quarrying suitable stone, and the slow and tedious process of cutting the inscriptions. Subsequently, upon notice from the con- tractor, in conformity with the provisions of the contract, your com- mittee inspected the work at the yard of Mr. Sheldon, the sub-con- tractor, at Concord, N. H., and approved the character and quality of the work so far as it was then completed. The stone is of the finest Concord granite, free from the presence of particles of iron, while the charrrcter of the work is much superior to that contracted for and sur- passing our expectations. Aside from the delay in the work, your committee are fully satisfied with the performance of the contract. 130 CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION. " The laying of the corner stone presented a favorable opportunity for transmitting to posterit}^ in the least perishable form the facts of interest connected with the history of the monument, and the names and portraits of some of those who have become distinguished during the war, together with the names of those of our citizens who have fallen in defence of our free institutions, and sealed their devotion to their country with their lives. "Your committee accordingly caused a sketch to be prepared from the records of the city government, showing its action with reference to the subject, which was deposited in the corner stone with the news- papers of that date, city documents, photographs of our most distin- guished generals, and a complete roll, so far as the same could be obtained, of our patriot dead. "In this duty of collecting the names of those whose virtues are commemorated in the sculptured stone, we have been materially as- sisted by the careful i-esearch and industry of James B. Congdon, Esq., whose interest has been continuous in every eflbrt to honor valor and patriotic heroism. "These names are the heirlooms of our citizens, and the humblest among them should not be forgotten. A duplicate copy of his ' Roll of Honor ' we herewith ti'ansmit, that it may be preserved for future reference. "The appropriations made by the city for the purpose of the monu- ment have been thirteen thousand three hundred dollai's. Of this sum there has been paid to George F. Meacham, Esq., according to contract for the monument, §8,919.50, which includes the sum of $354.50 for cutting the inscriptions. The incidental expenses, including removal of flagstaff, excavation and removal of soil, extra foundation, prepara- tion of roll, surveying, and expenses of committee, amount to $357.70. "Your committee have also entered into contracts with George F. Meacham, as follows : For fence of bronze for $149G, and for stone curbing under the same for $1960; and with Charles Taber & Co. for incidentals, $25; thus leaving a balance of the appropriation yet unex- pended or subject to contract, the sum of $541.80. " This sum remains to defray the expense of flUing around the mon- ument and of grading the walks, and can as well be expended under the direction of the next city government. " The duty assigned to your committee has been as arduous as it has been honorable, but it is witli feelings of personal gratification that they deliver into your hands this beautiful monument of the lie- roism of our departed soldiers and sailors, and of the taste and mu- nificence of our fellow-citizens, who but feebly express their gratitude in its erection. It speaks thi'ough its enduring emblems and ite in- scriptions, its utterances of patriotic devotion to our common country, while it reqaljs the sad tales of the battle, the hospital and the prison. APPENDIX. 137 It reruinds us of our duty to the living representatives of tliose who have gone from the field of strife to their long rest, and imposes upon us the duty of benevolent care for the widovs^ and the orphan of the heroic dead. "Our duty does not terminate with its erection. Those who sur- vive should feel the gratitude of a generous community, not alone in granite memorials to their comrades, but in such constant recognition of the value of those services as shall encourage patriotism and incul- cate in coming generations the principle instilled into us by our fathers.* " ' Dulce et decorum est pro patria mori.' " For the committee. JOSEPH KNOWLES, Chairman." XXV. ROLL OF HONOR. THE NEW BEDFORD ROLL OF HONOR, Containing the names of the Volunteers in the Array and Navy who died in the service of the Country during the Great Rebellion. PREPARED BY ORDER OF THE CITY COUNCIL, MAY, 1809. [This record was prepared under the direction of a Joint Special Committee of the City Council, appointed to consider the subject of a Memorial Tablet for the names of the New Bedford Volunteers who died in the service of the country during the Great Rebellion.] * At the laying of the corner stone an aiWress was tlelivercd l)y the Rev. Alonzo II. Quint, and a poem by Jamts 15. Congdon, both of which were printed. The Roll of Honor whicli follows is a copy of the corrected roll prepared in ISO!) by order of the City Council, the manuscript of which, cai-efully and beautifully bound, is deposited in the archives of the city. R 138 CENTENNIAL CELEBEATION. SOLDIERS. Akin, Charles R., Musician, 4th regiment cavalry, Co. B. Died of dis- ease February 10, 18G5, at Fortress Monroe. Akin, James F., 13th battery. Died in Chesapeake Hospital, Hampton, Va., November 12, 1863. Albro, James H., 2d regiment heavy artillery, Co. E. Died of fever in Newbern, N. C, October 8, 1804. Aldrich, Albert J,, Corporal, 30th regiment, Co. D. Died in camp opposite Vicksburg, July 19, 1862. Allen, Frederick S., Corporal, 20th regiment, Co. G. Died October 25, 1862, of wounds received at Antictam. Grave at Linden Grove Cemetery, Westport. Andrews, Frank, 18th regiment, Co. A. Died at United States Gen- eral Hospital at Windmill Point, Va., February 10, 1863. Baker, Charles G., 1st regiment cavalry, Co. K. Died at home Sep- tember 4, 1862, two months after being discharged. Grave in Rural Cemetery. Barry, William (of Rochester?) 18th regiment, Co. C. Killed at Rap- pahannock Station, November 7, 1863. Bartlett, John E., 1st Rhode Island regiment, Co. F. Died at Beau- fort, N. C, June 29, 1862. Bean, John C, 3d regiment cavalry, Co. C. Died at Baton Rouge, La., July 5, 1863. Bcarse, Zachariah T., 3d regiment cavalry, Co. I. Died at home, August 9, 1864. Grave in Oak Grove Cemetery. Bentley, William, 38th regiment, Co. H. Died at New Orleans, La., June 4, 1863. Blain, Samuel J., First Lieutenant, — regiment U. S. colored troops. Died at Florence, S. C, about November 1, 1864. Blake, Luthan, 18th regiment, Co. A. Killed at battle of Fredericks- burg, December 13, 1862. Monument in West Cemetery. Blake, Peleg W., First Lieutenant, 5th battery. Killed near Peters- burg, June IS, 1864. Grave in West Cemetery. Blood, Thompson B. (of Chelsea?) 18th regiment, Co. A. Died in rebel prison at Andersonville, March 24, 1864. Bly, Joseph H., 38th regiment, Co. H. Died at Saterlee Hospital, Philadelphia, November 10, 1864, of wounds i-eceived at Cedar Creek, October 19, 1864. Buried in Oak Grove Cemetery. Booth, Charles R., 3d regiment cavalry, Co. A. Died at Port Hud- son, La., of wounds, Dec. 2, 1863. Grave in Oak Grove Cemetery. Booth, George F., 18th regiment, Co. A. Died at Hall's Hill, near AVashington, January 4, 1862. Booth, John C, 32d regiment, Co. C. Died in prison at Richmond, Va., December 4, 1863. 131) APPENDIX. y TT <; si-nal corps. Died on board gunboat Sa- Bordon, Abraham E US ^^J^^^ ^^^^^ .^^ ^^^^^,,ry. chem, September 8, 1863. Grave m K u j,^^,^^,^ 13, 1862, Borden, Daniel W., 20th regiment, Co. D. ivuicu at ¥redericlisburg, Va. „„„i^^ m C Killed near TT „ T Tr ^il refiraent cavalry, CO. ^.v. ivui<-u Bo'^ilEXara, l.th re.iment. Co. A. D W 18,^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ at Gettysburg. Buried July 2.»th, IbM, m ^^ Carroll, Patrick, Corporal, ^'^ ^^^^'^ ^^'l:^,^;, "" ington, August 6, 1864. Grave in ^^^^'^^ ^^^^ll^c^ 26, 1862, of Cavenaugh, Charles, 23d regiment, Co. D. Died c:arr;rrw.To"Ac-»et,.»U,..e.,™e,,t, CO.D. B.ea.n crrE:iD?r:r;e:Lr-Co.G. ....»<, at Co.. Ha..o.Va., June 9, 1864. ^^^^^■^„ rn v Died at Fort 140 CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION. Christian, Stephen C, Corporal, 58th regiment, Co. E. Killed before Petersburg, June 17, 18G4. Buried November 27, 1864, in Oak Grove Cemetery. Clark, Johnson, Assistant Surgeon, 99th New York regiment. Died December 9, 18G1. Clough, James, Corporal, 7th regiment, Co. A. Died in Armory Hos- pital, "Washington, June 18, 1863, of wounds received at Fredericks- burg May 3, 1863. Coble, Lewis H., 23d regiment, Co. D. Died at Newbern, N. C, April U, 1862. Coburn, Harry N., Hospital Steward, 3d regiment cavalry. Died No- vember 4, 1863, at Port Hudson. Cole, Charles B., Musician, 55th regiment, Co. B. Died December 20, 1863, at Folly Island, S. C. Conly, Timothy, 2Sth regiment, Co. B. Killed at Antietam, September 17, 1862. Coombs, Erastus M., Corporal, 18th regiment, Co. A. Died at Har- rison's Landing, July 19, 1862. Corcoran (Corkery in official list,) Timothy, Sergeant, 28th regiment, Co. B. Killed in battle of Chantilly, September 1, 1862. Crane, Charles F., 3d regiment, Co. E. Died at Newbern, Jan. 29, 1863. Crape, Henry D., 5th battery. Killed at Bottom Bridge, Va., June 8, 1864. Crapo, Stephen E., Corporal, 58th regiment, Co. E. Killed near Spott- sylvania Court House, May 12, 1861. Grave in Rural Cemetery. Davis, William F. ((juota of Lawrence.) Died at Andersonville, Ga., October 28, 1864. Dennison, John, 9th regiment, Co. C. Died at Mount Pleasant, Wash- ington, D. C, November 7, 1863. Devoll, Charles F., 13th Illinois regiment. Died at Nashville, Tonn., June 2, 1864. Grave in Rural Cemetery. Dixon, Charles, 55th regiment, Co. D. Died at Beaufort, S. C, June 16, 1865. Douglass, Charles B., 3d regiment cavalry, Co. A. Wounded in action. Plane's Store, La., November 29, 1863; died next day. Downing, Patrick, 2d regiment heavy artillery, Co. E. Died at New- bern, N. C, June 6, 1864. Dunham, Amos J., 58th regiment, Co. E. Died at Annapolis, October 28, 1864. Grave in Oak Grove Cemetery. Dwyer, Timothy, 28th regiment, Co. H. Killed at Fredericksburg, December 13, 1862. Eagan (Akin in official list,) Alexander, 20th regiment, Co. D. Killed at Gettysburg, July 3, 1863. Grave in Rural Cemetery. Edson, Lowell M., 3d regiment cavalry, Co. A. Died at Baton Rouge, July 28, 1863. Grave in Oak Grove Cemetery. APPENDIX. 141 Elliott, Joseph, 3d regiment cavalry, Co. C. Killed uear Alexandria, La., May 1, 18G4. Fitzsimiuons, Heury (quota of Middleborough,) 5Sth regiment, Co. K. Died in Baltic, Conn., August, 18G7, of wounds received at Peters- burg, Va., April 2, 1865. Grave in Catholic Cemetery, Flaherty, John, 2d regiment cavalry, Co. B. Died at Fort Ethan Allen, August 30, 1863. Fleetwood, Lewis A., 54th regiment, Co. C. AVounded at Fort Wag- ner, July 18, 1863; foot amputated; died in New Bedford after dis- charge. Grave in Oak Grove Cemetery. Foster, Daniel 0., Quartermaster-Sergeant, 4th regiment cavalry, Co. B. Died at Deer Island, April 20, 1864. Garlick, Eeuben A. (of Dartmouth:) 3d regiment cavalry, Co. H. Killed September 19, 1864, at battle of Winchester. Gibson, Charles H., Musician, 23d regiment, Co. D. Killed on board steamer Fawn, September 13, 1864, on Roanoke river. Gifl'ord, William H., 58th regiment, Co. E. Died in Danville prison, August 14, 1864. Grave at South Dartmouth. Gilman, Edward G., 1st regiment Maine heavy artillery. Died before Petersburg, Va., December 15, 1865. Gooding, James H., Sergeant, 54th regiment, Co. C. Wounded and taken prisoner at Olustee, Fla., February 20, 1864; died at Ander- sonville, July 19, 1864. Gordon, Thomas (quota of Cambridge,) 28th regiment, Co. D. Re- ported missing in action, May 18, 1864. Graham, Edward. Died at Andersonville, October 5, 1864. Gray, Franklin S., 58th regiment, Co. E. Killed at Cold Harbor, June 3, 1864. Gray, John H., 99th New York regiment, Co. A. Died at Yorktown, Va., October 2, 1863. Hall, Joseph L., 54th regiment, Co. C. Missing at the assault on Fort Wagner, July 18, 1863. Hall, Levi, 4th regiment cavalry, Co. C. Killed at St. John's Island, July 17, 1864. Handley, Herbert, Sergeant, 20th regiment, Co. G. Killed by a horse in Providence, September 8, 1861. Hart, J. B. W., Jr., 6th company heavy artillery. Died at Fort Baker, D. C, September 4, 1864. Harvey, George W., Corporal, 33d regiment, Co. I. Died at Ander- sonville prison, Ga., August 30, 1864. Hathaway, John F., 5th battery. Died July 14, 1863, of Avounds re- ceived at Gettysburg. Buried in West Cemetery, August 5, 1863. Hawes, George E., Corporal, 38th regiment, Co. H. Died December 14, 1862, at Hampton, Va. Grave in Rural Cemetery. 142 CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION. Heilmau, George, 16tli regiment, Co. H. Died at Andersouville, Ga., November 3, 1864. Heiutz, John H., 3d regiment cavalry, Co. A. Died at Port Hudson, October 1, 1S63. Hcrron, William H., 3d New Hampshire regiment, Co. K. Died at Nashville, May 24, 1865. Hill, Henry, First Sergeant, 33d regiment, Co. I. Killed at Dallas, Ga., May 25, 1864, Hogan, John, 28th regiment, Co. B. Killed at Antietam, September 17, 1862. Holmes, James, 38th regiment, Co. 11. Died at Baton Kouge, October 21, 18C3. Howard, George H., 6th company heavy artillery. Died in hospital at New Bedford, October 24, 1863. Howard, Hiram B., 20th regiment, Co. D. Killed at Gettysburg, July 3, 18G3. Howland, Charles F., First Sergeant, 41st regiment, Co. A. Died at Baton Rouge, La., Feb. 19, 1863. Buried in Oak Grove Cemetery. Howland, George W., Captain, 3d regiment cavalry, Co. A. Died at home, June 6, 1865 (discharged April 11, 1865.) Grave in Rural Cemetery. Howland, Lothrop P., 33d regiment, Co. I. Killed at battle of AVau- hatchie, October 29, 1863. Hussey, Robert B., 58th regiment, Co. E. Died at Nantucket, while on furlough, November 27, 1864. Jackson, William S., 5th regiment cavalry, Co. F. Died at Clarksville, Texas, July 15, 1865. Jenuey, Sauford, Jr., Sergeant, 2d regiment heavy artillery, Co. E. Died at Newbern, N. C, May 4, 1864. Buried in Oak Grove Cemetery. Johnson, Edward, Sergeant, 3d I'egiment cavalry, Co. C. Killed in action at Alexandria, La., May 1, 1864. Jones, Chai'les, Corporal, 18th regiment, Co. H. Died in New Bed- ford, March 31, 1864. Joyner, Robert S., 18th regiment, Co. F. Taken prisoner at battle of the Wilderness, May, 1864; died in rebel prison at Millen, Ga. Kanuse, Benjamin S., 5th battery. Killed before Petersburg, June 18, 1864. Buried in West Cemetery. Keen, David S., 29th regiment, Co. D. Died at Crab Orchard, Ky., October 19, 1863. Grave in Oak Grove Cemetery. Kemptou, Charles G., 38th regiment, Co. H. Died at University Hos- pital, New Orleans, April 25, 1863. Kenney, Silas C, Corporal, 38th regiment, Co. H. Killed at Port Hudson, June 14, 1863. Killian, Michael, 6th company heavy artillery. Died at Fort Baker, Washington, August 22, 1864. ArPENDIX. 143 King, Leprelate, 4th regiment, Co. K. Died at Brashear City, June 11, 18G3. Kingmau, Henry C. (quota of Ilochester,) 23d regiment, Co. 1). Died in Libby prison, iriclimond, Va., August Ct, JS'U, of wounds received at Drury's Bluff. Kubler, John F., Sergeant, 3d regiment heavy artillery, Co. B. Died at Sanitary Commission Hospital, Washington, November IB, 1864. Grave in Eural Cemetery. Lally, Michael, 3d regiment cavalry, Co. A. Died of wounds at Win- chester, Va., November 7, 1S(J4. Landers, Joseph N., 41st regiment, Co. A. Died at Baton Rouge, La , March 20, 18C3. Lawrence, George H., 3d New Hampshire regiment, Co. E. Killed at Morris Island, July 27, 1SG3. Lawtou, David, 2d regiment heavy artillery, Co. F. Died November 15, 1864, at Newbern, N. C. Leavens, James H.,' Sergeant, 18th regiment, Co. A. Killed at Gettys- burg, Pa., July 2, 18C3. Lee, John, 41st regiment, Co. A. Died at home, June 11, 18G3. Buried in Oak Grove Cemetery. Lemunyon, Luther W., 26th regiment, Co. G. Died at New Orleans, October 25, 1863. Leonard, Stephen H., 3d regiment cavalry, Co. A. Died September 24, 1864, at Winchester, Va., of wounds received September 19. Leonard, Thomas W., 47th regiment, Co. D. Died at Camp Parapet, Carrollton, La., July 15, 1863. Lines, Samuel, 24th regiment, Co. F. Killed at Newbern, N. C, March 14, 1862. Look, Gilbert A., 2d regiment heavy artillery, Co. E. Died in Newark, N. J., June 8, 1864. Louden, Edward (quota of Westport,) 22d regiment, Co. G. Died at Andersonville, Ga., October 11, 1864. Low, Eobert A., 5oth regiment, Co. B. Died at Boston, Jan. 5, 1864. Lucas, Charles A., Sergeant, 3d regiment cavalry, Co. A. Died at Port Hudson, La., Nov. 30, 1863. Grave in Oak Grove Cemetery. Lucas, George F., 20th regiment, Co. D. Killed at Gettysburg, Pa., July 3, 1863. Luce, Lewis P., 3d regiment cavalry, Co. C. Died at Baton Rouge, La., August 20, 1863. Luce, Nathaniel R., Musician, 6th company heavj" artillery. Died at New Bedford, February 29, 1864. McDevitt, Hugh, 3d regiment cavalry, Co. A. Killed at Winchester, Va., September 19, 1864. McGowan, John, 2d regiment heavy artillery, Co. H, Died at Ander- sonville prison, June 25, 1864. 144 CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION. Mack, Andrew N., 58th regiment, Co. E. Killed at Cold Harbor, June 3, 18G4. Grave in Eural Cemetery. Macy, Charles G., 18th regiment, Co. I. Died at Andersonville, Ga., September 1, 18G4. Manchester, AVilliara E., 18th regiment, Co. F. Killed at Bull Run, August 30, 1862. Marcy, Charles, 11th regiment, Co. K. Killed May G, 1864, in the battle of the Wilderness. Marshall, Augustus L., 4th regiment cavalry, Co. E. Died August 21, 1864, at Fortress Monroe. Martin, Thomas (of California?) First Sergeant, 2d regiment cavalry, Co. K. Killed in action, August 27, 1864. Maxim, David, Jr. (quota of Worcester,) 3d regiment heavy artillery, Co. B. Died in Washington, March 18, 1865. Grave in Oak Grove Cemetery. Maxwell, Luther, 8th Maine regiment, Co. E. Died at Point of Rocks, Md., October 11, 1864. Miller, Luke, 20th regiment, Co. G. Wounded at Gettysburg; died at Andersonville, October 1, 1864, Millikeu, Albert F., Corporal, 5th battery. Killed at Gaines Mills, Va., June 27, 18C2. Morris, William H., 54th regiment, Co. K. Missing since action of Olustee, Fla., February 20, 1864. Mosher, Philip (of Raynham?) 4th regiment cavalry, Co. B. Prisoner at Gainesville, Fla. Died in hands of the enemy. Nolaud, Joseph, 25th regiment U. S. colored troops, Co. H. Died at Fort Barrancas, Fla., June 16, 1865. I^orton, William S., 3d regiment cavalry, Co. A. Died at New Orleans, January 29, 1864. Nye, Ephraim B., Second Lieutenant, 14th battery. Killed at Peters- burg, Va., March 25, 1865. Buried at Pocasset. Nye, Franklin, 3d regiment cavalry, Co. C. Killed at Port Hudson, November 30, 1863. O'Brien, Daniel (of Boston?) 20th regiment, Co. D. Killed at Ball's Bluff, October 21, 1861. Oliver, Charles H., Quartermaster-Sergeant, 4th regiment cavalry, Co. B. Died a prisoner at Albany, Fla., January 6, 1865. Oliver, Horatio G., Jr., Sergeant, 4th regiment cavalry, Co. B. Died in hands of enemy, at Wilmington, N. C, March 4, 18G5. O'Malley, Owen, 7th regiment, Co. II. Died at Chancellorsville, Va., May 3, 18G3. Ormond, Patrick, 23d regiment, Co. D. Supposed to have died at Andersonville, December, 1864. Orne, George, 3d regiment, Co. F. Died January 30, 1863, at Boston. APPENDIX. 145 Palmer, George S., 18th regiment, Co. H. Died in Farley Hospital, Washington, November 14, 1863, of wounds received at Rappahan- nock Station. Buried in Oak Grove Cemetery. Pearson, William, 3d regiment cavalry, Co. B. Killed at Jackson, La., August 3, 18G3. Peuniman, James M., 32d regiment, Co. G. Died at Annapolis, Feb- ruary 2(5, 1865. Perry, Oliver H., 157th Pennsylvania regiment. Died June 20, 1865. Place, Henry, veteran reserve corps. Died at Harwood Hospital, Washington, D. C, January 18, 1864. Potter, Walter A., 23d regiment, Co. D. Killed at Newbern, March 14, 1862. Pugh, Sampson, 5th regiment cavalry, Co. D. Died at David's island, N. Y., October 26, 1865. Records, Lemuel S., 33d regiment, Co. I. Died in hospital at Look- out Valley, Tenn., April 1, 1864, Reed, Isaac, 18th regiment, Co. A. Died at Florence, S. C, Septem- ber, 1864. Reichmann, Edward, Corporal, 47th regiment, Co. D. Died Septem- ber 24, 1863. Richmond, Cyrus A., Corporal, 1st regiment cavalry, Co. K. Died at • home, November 1, 1862. Grave in Rural Cemetery. Rodgers, William T., 18th regiment, Co. L Died September 16, 1863, at Newark, N. J. Rodman, William L., Lieutenant-Colonel, 38th regiment. Killed at Port Hudson, May 27, 1863. Buried in Oak Grove Cemetery. Ryan, James P., 38th regiment, Co. H. Died at University Hospital, New Orleans, June 4, 1863. Sargent, Joseph A., Sergeant, 3d regiment cavalry, Co. A. Died at Annapolis, March 12, 1865. Scannell, John, 9th regiment, Co. K. Died of wounds, July 1, 1862. Sears, Charles H., 23d regiment, Co. D. Died at Newbern, January 1, 1863, of wounds received in the battle of Whitehall, December 16, 1862. Grave at South Dartmouth. Sekell, Isaac W., 3d regiment cavalry, Co. A. Died at Chestnut Street Hospital, Philadelphia, January 12, 1865. Shepherd, Eugene (quota of Chelsea.) Died at Nashville, Tenn., January, 1865. Shepherd; James P., 18tlr regiment, Co. A. Died at West Philadel- phia, July 18, 1863, of wounds received at Gettysburg. Buried in Rural Cemetery. Sherman, William F., 31st Maine regiment, Co. C. Died at Millen, Ga., October 30, 1864. Simmons, Charles H., 6th company heavy artillery. Died in hospital at Clark's Point, New Bedford, October 19, 1863. s 146 CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION. . Simpson, George, 20tli regiment, Co. G. Killed at Ball's Bliifl", Octo- ber 21, 1861. Smith, James, 20th regiment, Co. D. Died December 20, 18G2. Smith, Matthew, 20th regiment, Co. D. Died December 11, 18G2, at Falmouth, Va. Smith, Michael, 3d regiment cavair}', Co. A. Died at Fort Kearnej-, August 24, 1865. ^ Smith, Octavius C, Sergeant, 33d regiment, Co. I. Killed at battle of Wauhatchie, Tenn., October 29, 1863. Soule, Henry W., 6th battery. Killed at Gettysburg, July 2, 1863. Grave in Oak Grove Cemetery. Spoouer, Francis, 18th regiment, Co. A. Died at Andersonville, Ga., August 3, 1864. Stowell, Columbus, 4th regiment cavalry, Co. B. Died in prison at Charleston, S. C, October 15, 18G4. Swain, Charles B., 1st regiment cavalry, Co. K. Died at Beaufort, S. C, November 4, 1862. Sweeney, William A., Corporal, 33d regiment, Co. I. Killed at battle of Resaca, Ga., May 15, 1864. Taber, Samuel H., 58th regiment, Co. E. Died in Danville prison hospital, August 31, 1864. Thatcher, William H., 6th company heavy artillery. Died at Fort Davis, D. C, June 27, 1864. Thompson, James, 13th battery. Drowned at Hampton Road, Va., February 1, 1863. Tillinghast, Charles F., 3d regiment cavalry, Co. A. Prisoner at battle of Cedar Creek. Died in prison at Salisbury, N. C, June 9, 1864. Monument in Rural Cemetery ; it is not known where his body is laid. Tillinghast, Tliomas G., Sergeant. 3d regiment cavalry, Co. A. Died at Winchester, Va., October 20, 1864, of wounds received at Cedar Creek. Monument in Rural Cemetery ; it is not known where his remains were laid. Tirrell, Charles F., 7th regiment, Co. I. Killed at Fredericksburg, December 13, 1862. Torrence, Abraham P., Corporal, 54th regiment, Co. C. Killed at Fort Wagner, July 18, 1863. Tripp, Ebenezer, 20th regiment, Co. G. Killed at Ball's Bluff, October 21, 1861. Tripp, James H., 47th regiment, Co. D. Died June 4, 1863, at Carroll- ton, La. Tripp, Jireh B., 23d regiment, Co. D. Died in Libby prison, Rich- mond, Va., October 14, 1864. Tripp, Leander A., Sergeant, 38th regiment, Co. H. Died June 30, 1864, at Morganza, La, AfPEKDiX. 147 Tripp, William H., 23cl regiment, Co. D. Killed before Petersburg, . August 16, 1864. Grave in Rural Cemeter3^ Tuckwell, Charles F., 23d regiment, Co. D. Died at Newberu, May 1), 1862. Grave in West Cemetery. Turner, Treadwell, 54tli regiment, Co. C. Killed at Fort W^agner, July 18, 1803. Urban, Henry, 20th regiment, Co. C. Died January 7, 1865. Viall, George M. (of Providence?) 41st regiment, Co. A. Died at Baton Kouge, May 15, 1863. Watson, Samuel J., Second Lieutenant, 58th regiment, Co. E. Died at home, December 11, 1864, from want and exposure in Danville prison, Va. Grave in Rural Cemetery. Weaver, Norbert V., 33d regiment, Co. D. Mortally wounded at Cold Harbor, June 3, 1864. Monument in Rural Cemetery. Welsh, Edward G., 8d regiment cavalry, Co. A. Killed at battle of Cedar Creek, Va., October 19, 1804. Welsh, William H., 3d regiment heavy artillery, Co. D. Died at Gal- lop's Island, Boston Harbor, September 15, 1805. Grave iu Catholic Cemetery. WhaloH, Joseph, 18th regiment, Co. B. Died May 0, 1802, at York- town, Va. Whitehall, John D., 2d regiment cavalry, Co. I. Died at Gloucester Point, Va., March 31, 1863. Whitmau, Onley A., 7th Rhode Island regiment, Co. I. Died at Balti- more, March 30, 1863. Grave in West Cemeteiy. Wilcox, Seth A., Sergeant, 3d regiment cavalry, Co. A. Died at home, May 30, 1864. Grave in Oak Grove Cemetery. Wilcox, William S., 5th battery. Died November 28, 1862, at Fal- mouth, Va. Williams, Henry J., 18th regiment, Co. A. Died at Sharpsburg, Md , October 17, 1862. Williams, William (quota of Belmont,) 55th regiment, Co. K. Died at regimental hospital. Folly Island, S. C, August 19, 1864. Williston, William H., 21st regiment, Co. C. Killed at Newbern, N. C, March 14, 1862. Wing, John A., 33d regiment, Co. D. Missing in action. May 16, 1864. Winn, Hugh (of Fall Kiver?) 4th regiment cavalry, Co. B. Died at Florence, S. C. Wood, Horatio, Quartermaster-Sergeant, 1st regiment cavalry. Died on board steamer Ericsson, June 25, 1862. Wordell, Charles P., 58th regiment, Co. E. Died in Douglas Hos- pital, Washington, August 27, 18G4, of wounds received at the assault upon Petersburg, July 30, 1804. Young, Angus W., 18th regiment, Co. D. Killed at Fredericksburg, December 13, 1802. 148 CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION. Young, Nathan L., 54th regiment, Co. C. Wounded at Fort Wagner, July 18, 1863; died at Beaufort, S. C, next day. SEAMEN. Almy, Thomas, Acting Master's Mate, steamer Wachusett. Killed at City Point, Va., May 20, 18G2. Andrews, Manuel. Ditd in Marine Hospital, Chelsea, Sept. 11, 18G1. Avila, Ellsha N. (quota of Boston,) steamer Benton. Killed at Fort Donaldson, February 14, 18G2. Ely, Horatio T., steamer St. Louis. Died of wounds, Oct. 17, 18()2. Boakim, Emanuel, Stewaril. Killed August 5, 1864. Cornell, John M., steamer Mound City. Died March 16, 1864. Coxcu, Edward M. Died of wounds, July 24, 1863. Daudridge, Andrew, Cook. Died of disease, March 19, 1862. Francis, Isaac, Jr , Acting Ensign, schooner Matthew Vassar. Died May 18, 18G3. Prates, Antoue. Killed June 2, 1862. Fuller, James, frigate Congress. Drowned in Hampton Road. Gifford, Charles R. Killed at Brooklyn Navy Yard,. June 20, 1862. Clifford, David S. Died of disease, February 14, 1862. Gould, John, steamer Herald. Killed October 2j, 1863. Handy, Joshua J., steamer Augusta. Died 1862. Harrington, Jeremiah, steamer Kattler. Died of gunshot wounds, March 19, 1863. Howes, Alphonso S., gunboat Sagamore. Died of disease, September 22, 1865, at Marine Hospital, Baltimore. Hullahan, Thomas (quota of Chelsea.) Died of disease at New Or- leans, July 24, 1862. Jenney, James T., steamer Twilight. Died of disease, March 20, 1863, at Beaufort, N. C. Grave in West Cemetery. Kempton, Silas W., Acting Master's Mate, steamer Santiago de Cuba. Lost overboard in Chesapeake Bay, March 23, 1865. Louis, John. Died June 12, 1863. Lucius, Juan. Died at Brooklyn, May 19, 1865. McCarty, John. Died of disease, December 8, 1862. Milan, Michael, frigate Congress. Killed in Hampton Koad, March 17, 1862. Milliken, Charles E., First Class Boy. Killed in Mobile Bay, August 25, 1864. Mullauy, Philip. Died from casualty, January 26, 1864. Nugent, Robert N. Died at Charleston, S. C, December 6, 1863. O'Neil, Cornelius. Lost in steamer Cincinnati, March 27, 1863. Ottivvell, Nathaniel D., Acting Master's Mate, steamer Cambridge. Died off Cape Lookout, September 27, 1861. Buried at sea. Monu- ment in Rural Cemetery. APPENDIX. 149 Paruell, James E., steamer Romeo. Died August 13, 1863, on board hospital-ship Red Rover. Peirce, John A. Perished on board the Curaberhxnd in Hampton Road, March 8, 18(52. Grave in Rural Cemetery. Phillips, Edward. -Died in Marine Hospital, Chelsea, Dec. 19, 18G1. Rogers, Reuben G. Died of disease, September 20, 1862. Scott, John. Died of disease, November 20, 1861. Standish, William D., steamer Meteor. Died October 1, 1864. Taber, Daniel G. Blown up in the Tecumseh, in Mobile Bay, August 5, 18G4. Taber, John C, First Class Boy, ship Ohio. Died of disease. May 8, 186-1. Grave in Rural Cemetery. Thompson, William. Died May 27, 1863. Warren, Alvern S., steamer Santiago de Cuba. Died of wounds at Norfolk, Va., June 18, 1865. West, William A. Died April 15, 1863. Wordell, Gardner R., steamer Southfleld. Drowned April 19, 1864. XXV^I. PUBLIC SCHOOLS OF NEW BEDFORD. Prom the incorporation of the town of New Bedford in 1787 to the year 1821, the free school was called the town-school, and was for most of the period a school for the children of the indigent, — a branch of the department for the support of the poor. A more just and more elevated idea was, no doubt, attached to the public school, and one more in harmony with its present position, when, on May 28th, 1787, it was voted in town meeting " that there be one person employed as a town schoolmaster in this town." From 1787 to 1798 there was annually passed, under an article of the war- rant " to see what number of schoolmasters shall be provided for the ensuing year at the charge of the town," a vote that " the selectmen appoint the schoolmasters of the town, accoixUng to laio." At the March meeting, 1798, under an article in the warrant " to vote a sum of money for schooling poor children," a vote was adopted 150 CENTENNIAL CELEBEATION. whifli wholly changed the principle upon which the public schools Avcre founded. A committee was appointed "to inquire into the number of }woj' children in said town necessary to send to school at the expense of said town." The committee were William Ilotch, Jr., Edward Pope, Lemuel Williams, Joseph Bennett, Alden Spooner, Pardou Cook, Eb- enezer Keen, and John Chaffee. The character of the report, whicli is not given, may be gathered from the votes at the meeting held May 14th following. " Voted, To accept the report of the committee who were chosen to report on the expediency of raising a sum of money to school the poor children in this town, and to raise tico hundred dollars for that purpose. " Voted, To choose a committee of eight persons to lay out the same sum on those most needij." The same committee, with one exception, was appointed. From 1798 to 1820 this miserable apology for a free school was continued; the annual appropriations varying in amount from $200 to $1000, the average, after the setting ofl' of Falrhaven in 1812, being $470. An attempt was made in ISU to raise the public school from the slough of pauperism, mismanagement and misgovernmeut into which it had fallen. A committee, upon which were the names of William Rotcli, Jr., John Mason Williams, Samuel Hodman, Thomas Hazard, Jr., and nine others, was appointed under a vote "that a plan be reported for regulating schools for the instruction of children, in con- formity to the existing laws of the Commonwealth." For many years the laws had been disregarded, and they were to be ten years more, for nothing came of the effort made at this time to depauperize the school. It was not until 1821 that the people of the town recognized their rights and their obligations in relation to free schools under the laws of the State. The struggle to eflect the change was earnest and pro- tracted. Twice after the schools were established, once in relation to the grammar schools and once with reference to the high school, were votes passed by which they were abolished. The first appropriation was $1200. This was in 1821. Ten years after it was $5000. In 1841 it had been increased to $15,400. The last appropriation under the town government was $21,225. The name of John Avery Parker is honorably associated with the successful efl'ort of 1821. He was of the school committee of that year, and its chairman. It would be an act of simple justice to have the "sti-eet struck off from the name of the 'Parker Street school,'" that in the name an honorable testimony may be borne to the labors of this friend and pioneer of the free public schools. Above we have given an abstact of the opening pages of our school history. We follow it with the closing. Following this we give ex- APPENDIX. 151 tracts from the last report of the New Bedford School Committee, - a document interesting for its valuable information and for the con- trast it presents to the statements of the early records. KXTRACTS FROM THE ANNUAL REPORT OF THE SCHOOL COMMITTEE FOR THE YEAR 1875. STATISTICS OF THE SCHOOLS. T. Toindation. The population of the city is 25,8/6 School census, May 1, 1875, *'002 77. Schools. TraiDin- . ^ High, ^ Grammar, 10 rrimary, ^ Country, Mill, ^ „ 1 Farm, Total, -^ 777. School Buildings. Number of buildings owned by the city, 23 Number of buildings hired, _2 23 7T". Teachers. High school, ^ O.J Grammar schools, '^-' Primary schools, -^ Mill school ^ Country schools (including Farm,) 1- Special teachers, j Total, 100 F. Scholars. (Fall Term, 1875.) Whole number of all ages, in (iirls. ooys. Training school, ^^ High school, 1-^0 97 Grammar schools, • • ^^'^ °" Primary schools, 800 892 152 CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION. Gills. Boys Country schools, 145 150 Mill school, 21 19 Total, 1797 1801 3599 Per cent of attendance : High school, 95 Mill school, 90 Grammar schools, 95 Primary schools, 92 Country schools, 89 Average per cent, of attendance for all the schools except the Training school, 93 CEXSUS OF SCHOOL CHILDREN, The last legislature relegated to the school committee the duty of taking the census of the school children, requiring an additional range of details to render the service more useful. The whole number of children returned as being between 5 and 15 years of age on the first of May last, is 4002. Of these, 30G0 were re- ported to be in the public schools ; 21G in private schools ; 296 at work in the two large mills; 21 at work in places other than the mills. These determinate figures foot up 3593; leaving 409 only, or 10 1-5 per cent, as allowance for invalids, for those who are detained at home to aid in the family labors, and for all those occupied through the many other contingencies, that in a city like this inevitably interfere to keep children from school. The number absolutely unaccounted for, among which alone the friendless or neglected, whose lives are running hope- lessly to waste, are to be found, is so small as to excite the liveliest satisfaction. THE EXPENDITURES. The appropriation for teachers' salaries asked for by the committee of expenditures, in behalf of the Board, and granted by the City Coun- cil, was $5G,000. This estimate was based on the expenditures of the previous year, and was supposed to be sufticient for the current year. But there has already been paid out to the teachers the sum of $50,- 301.58, leaving a balance of $5,G38.42. The remaining pay roll of the year will include six weeks, and will require the sum of §85G9. There will therefore be a deficit of $2,930.58, for which an additional grant must be made by the City Council. The appropriation for incidental expenses, including $900 lately granted for the evening schools, was $18,400. The estimates were made on a basis of positive need, and were divided as follows : for salaries, $3050; evening schools, $1900; drawing school, $1500; sweepers' pay rolls, $2500; books and printing, $2000; fuel, $3000; APPENDIX. 153 heating apparatus, $1500; cleaning, $800; furniture and fixtures, miscellaneous expenses, f 1400. In studjMug economy for the future, it will not be possible to trench to any great extent on the amount heretofore granted for our inciden- tal expenses. Ten years ago there were only 57 separate seated rooms in use by our public schools; there are now 88; there were only G7 regular teachers ; there are now 96 ; and it is very evident that there must have been a large increase in the amount of supplies necessary to keep these many teachers and rooms in good working condition. Yet by the constant exercise of judicious care on the part of the com- mittee on expenditures in their disbursements, and the close scrutiny of all bills for goods and service rendered, every channel of expense has been kept under so thorough control that the per cent, of outlay has by no means been extended to equal the increased demand. CONDITION OF THE SCHOOLS. High School. None of the teachers of this school have been interrupted in their work throughout the year by any contingencies, and they have labored with their usual faithfulness and success. The routine of study, as prescribed by the manual, has been followed with as much fidelity as circumstances would allow. It sometimes occurs in a school of such a character, that a temporary departure from the dictated order of study will better serve its interests. Three of the masters of the last graduating class have entered Am- herst College, sustaining the examination for admission very creditably. The Grammar Schools. The Fifth Street school was exiled from its school-house during the first terra of the last school year, while it was undergoing enlargement and renovation, and through that long interval, scattered about in temporary quarters, was deprived of its usual facilities for its ap- pointed work. It especially suflered in regard to writing and drawing, and such practice in the study of language as depends on written ex- ercises ; all of which were necessarily intermitted. The Parker Street school is now undergoing the experiences to which the Fifth Street school was subjected last year, and for the same grateful cause — the enlargement and renovation of its school-house. The alarm sounded by the Chairman of the Board for 1874 in his an- nual report, and again by liis Honor the Mayor in his first inaugural address, as to the danger to which the scholars of that school would be subjected in case of fire, was too serious to be disregarded. The incoming City Council took early action in reference to the reconstruc- tion of the house. The influence we had anticipated from the burden- some cost of the new high school house, to preclude for an indefinite T 154 CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION. period any further expenditure for school accommodations, was not. suffered to have weight iu this instance. And a satisfactory plan of enlargement having been obtained, a sufficient appropriation was unan- imously voted, and in due time the work was begun. When the house shall at length be ti-ansferred to the Board for the uses of the school, it will be so in contrast with its former condition, so ample and con- venient in its school-rooms and corridors, so safe in its three commo- dious stairways, so well appointed in its clothes-i'ooms for both schol- ars and teachers, and so admirably capacitated to serve the general exercises of the school by its large and sightly hall, that the luxury of possession will far more than compensate for the inconvenience con- sequent on the process of reconstruction. The Primary Schools. There have been more than the average number of changes of teach- ers in the primary schools during the past year. A full quarter of the former corps has given place to beginners in the work ; and almost the entire graduating class of the Training school, numbering IG, has al- ready been absorbed by these schools, and their complements in the country schools. The advantages derived from the Training school have tlierefore been conspicuously manifest. Had so large a number of new teachers begun their labors without any previous experience, making their scholars for successive mouths the unfortunate victims of their crude experiments in learning how to govern and how to teach, the average condition of several of the schools of this department would have fallen verj' low, and it would not have been easy to tone them up to their previous condition. But the most of the graduates of the Train- ing school, familiar with the requirements of disciiJliue as well as with the routine of approved study, promptly and systematically enter upon their duties with effective capacity from the start, and there is neither loss of time nor depravation of character. Country Schools. A slice has been taken from the territory of our Acushnet neighbors and added to the city limits since the beginning of the year, that has materially increased the size of the North school, so that it has been thought expedient to appoint an assistant to the school. The schools of this department, in general, are working to good advantage, and in a satisfactory condition. Mill School. The census of school children, la'tely taken, has settled not a few vexed questions in reference to the children employed in the mills, and taught us what expectations we are justified iu forming in relation to AITEKDIX. 155 the Mill school. The School Committee have all along been supposing that a much larger number of children of school age were in the mills than proves to be the case ; and therefore, that the Mill school ought to show a far greater average attendance than it has done. But it seems that in the Wamsutta mills there are 225 children; in the Fo- tomska only 71. Of the number in the Wamsutta, 103, or nearly fifty per cent., are between 14 and 15 years of age; almost at the limit of our legal hold on them ; and It is scarcely to be expected that this class of the child operatives will be discharged to attend school as univer- sally as those who are younger. Deduct only half of them, for the number allowed to slide beyond the legal limit without discharge for another term of schooling, and we have 17-1 remaining in all, from which the Mill school is periodically to be replenished. Now the av erage number attending the Mill school is -10, who are nearly all from the Wamsutta mills, and who therefore constitute, as is readily seen, nearly a quarter of the whole number in the mills from which recruits may be expected to be derived. And a quarter part is the very utmost we have a right to count upon. Of the 25 per cent, of the children employed in the Potoraska mill, numbering 18, who should periodically be discharged to attend school, a few are to be found in the Mill school and more than half are distributed among the regular schools in the south part of the city. It would seem, therefore, that the agents of the mills should be thanked for the much they do towards the education of their child operatives, rather than stigmatized for what they neglect. A few in- stances are brought to light by the census, of children who are in the mills at so tender an age that it is a breach of humanity as well as of law that they should be employed at all. Let us hope that there are circumstances attending these several cases that relieve them of their apparently odious character. The Evening Schools. These schools have had regular sessions for 11 weeks, three even- ings of each week. The whole number of diflerent scholars in the Central school has been 160; of whom 53 were females, 107 males. The whole number of different scholars in the South school has been 100; of whom 33 were females, 67 males. The average attendance on the Central school has been about GO; on the South school, 48. The corps of each school consists of a male principal and three fe- male assistants, who have labored steadily with interest and success. 15(> CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION, Mask and Dnwing. These two braiiclies, once regarded in the community as onl}' tlie mere ornaments of a substantial education, now held to be among its indispensable requisites, have been pursued with constant method, and results that give ever increasing satisfaction. In the present attitude of the general public towards these seduc- tive pursuits, an attitude of cordial interest and large expectation, there is a tendency among school authorities and teachers to devote to them much more than their due proportion of time. It is quite certain that in some localities, eager for distinction in these studies, the schools are allowed to follow them to an extent that robs the most important branches of study of the attention they recjuire. This ten- dency the school authorities of New Bedford have lirmly resisted. The results in music, even in the limited time devoted to it, are ad- mirable ; and though our schools may not be able to present such striking evidences of culture in drawing as is the boast of those with whom this branch is sufl'ered to be unduly prominent, enough will be accomplished to prove the advantage to be derived from its prosecu- tion, while our minds will not be forced to labor under the painful consciousness that much of what is gained in this direction, is at the expense of loss in another. The Evening Drawing school has had an average attendance this season of between thirty and forty scholars, and one assistant teacher only has been employed, instead of two as heretofore. The character of the school is much the same as for the last two years. There are comparatively few adults seeking to obtain a more scientific and artis- tic knowledge of the trades they may be employed in, the majority being made up of the sous of our citizens not yet old enough to be engaged in business. But they are diligently prosecuting the study in orderly progress, and in the end far better i-esults will accrue from such effort with such material, than could be secured from the super- ficial and irregular undertakings of journeymen mechanics, the most of whom have been found to be indisposed to devote the painstaking labor and study which a good degree of artistic culture demands. APPENDIX. 157 XXVII. THE PUBLIC SCHOOLS OF NEW BEDFORD IN THE CENTENNIAL. At a meeting of the City Council, January 20tli, 187G, a communica- tion of vvlucli a copy follows was laid before that body by the Mayor. " Entcrnational Eiljibition, IS70». "Agkxcy of the Massachusetts Board of Educatiox Fou THE Department of Education and Science, Xo. 25 Pemberton Square, Boston, Dec. 9, 1875. " To his Honor the Mayor of New Bedford : " Dear Sir, — At a recent meeting of the Executive Committee of the Massachusetts Superintendents of Schools on the Centennial, it was unanimously voted to designate New Bedford as one of the two cities of the Commonwealth to make a collective educational exhibit in the International Exhibition at Philadelphia. To this action I give my cordial approval, as I know very well New Bedford's capability to make a creditable showing, and I trust that the municipal authorities of your city, duly appreciating the honor implied in the selection, will promptly adopt the measures necessary for preparing the proposed exhibit. " Very respectfully yours, JOHN D. PHILBRICK, Agent." This communication was referred; and on the second day of March, upon the recommendation of the Committee on Public Instruction, an appropriation was made "to defray the necessary expenses of the proposed exhibition at Philadelphia by the School Committee." The School Committee, in anticipation of the proceedings of the City Council, had already taken measures looking to an acceptance of the proffer of the State Centennial Commission. At a meeting of the Committee, December 13th, 1875, the subject was introduced ; and the communication to the Mayor dated December 9th, above given, was read. By a unanimous vote, the subject was referred to a special commit- tee, consisting of the Chairman (Mayor Howland) and Messrs. Dunbar, Dews, Borden, and Batchelor. At the meeting held December 30th, the committee reported the following resolutions, which were unanimously adopted. " liesolved, That the Secretary be requested to express to Hon. J. D. Philbrick, the agent of the Massachusetts Centennial Commission for the department of education, the cordial sympathy of this Board in regard to the objects sought to be accomplished by the Commission 158 CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION. in connection with the Centennial Exposition, and our purpose to re- spond to the appeal made to us bj' interested and active cooperation. "■' Besolved, That the honorable position assigned to our city is an additional inducement to mal^e exertion in the premises proportioned to our power. " Besolved, That a committee of live be api»oiuted by the Board to have charge of this subject, with power." The same gentlemen who as a committee had drawn up these reso- lutions constituted the new committee, and immediately proceeded to perfect their plans and put them in train for execution. The repre- sentative exhil)it specifically called for by the Commission was that of "the text-books, reference and other class books, philosophical appa- ratus, maps, globes, and all other illustrative aids, in use in the ele- mentary departments of a city of the second class in population." The committee determined to prepare their exhibit in the most thor- ough manner, and at the same time to avoid any superficial and unnecessary display. The books were borrowed directly from the shelves of the school-houses, presenting, in their worn and tarnished exteriors, the evidence of actual use; the cases procured to corwtain them were made in the most simple and substantial manner; the vol- umes of scholars' work, 70 in number, were honestly composed and inexpensively but conveniently bound; and all the other articles ex- hibited were in like manner drawn from among the actual collections in the school-houses, constituting a portion of their ordinary furnish- ing. In addition to books, apparatus, and volumes of scholars' work, the exhibit contained, — 1. A chart, 3 feet by 4 feet, presenting in a tabulated form, carefully epitomized, the leading facts, historical and practical, respecting the educational position of the city. It includes not only the organization and practical condition of the public schools, but also of Friends' Academy and the private schools, of the Eree Public Library and the New Bedford Lyceum. This piece of superior penmanship is the work of Mr. George B. Hathaway, of this city. 2. A perspective view and elevations of front, side and rear of the new high school house, each 2 feet by 3 feet in size, executed in water color by Mr. Arthur Cumming, teacher of drawing in the schools, and by him presented to the School Committee for this purpose. Also photographs of the Parker Street, Fifth Street, and Merrimac Street school-houses, and of the Free Public Library, executed by Mr. T. E. M. White. 3. A brief history of the Free Public Library, together with the cat- alogues of its books ; a brief history of Friends' Academy ; and a complete set of the annual reports of the School Committee from 1840 to the present time. These reports and histories, appropriately bound, APPENDIX. 159 are placed together in the exhibitiou, iu a case made for the purpose. This New Bedford Exhibit has been pronounced by competent judges to be highly creditable; and as there is nothing false or mer- etricious in its composition, its success is a subject of reasonable pride. XXVIII. HIGH SCHOOL HOUSE DEDICATION. The new High School House was dedicated with appropriate exer- cises September 12th, 1876, in the presence of a crowded audience, numbering over a thousand. The exercises were held in the hall in the third story, and about three hundred seats were reserved for the members of the city council, school committee, and other invited guests, among whom were many who have in past years been identi- fied with the educational interests of the city. J. Augustus Browxell, Chairman of the Joint Standing Committee of the City Council on Public Property, which committee has had the charge of the construction of the building, presented its report. After a few remarks on the blessings and the necessity of education, Mr. Brownell gave the history of the movement which had finally cul- minated in the erection of this beautiful house. The matter was first brought up in the city government about eleven years ago, though it had been agitated before by some of the citizens. The former high school, now to be occupied by the Middle Street grammar school, was built, he believed, in 1846. In May, 1865, a subcommittee of the School Committee addressed a petition to the City Council for more room. It was referred to the committee on public property, which in November reported reference to the next City Council. In March, 1S6G, the committee on public instruction reported estimates for a high school house to cost $50,000, and the report was placed on file and nothing further done. In March, 1868, the committee on public property was directed to procure estimates for the expense of enlarging the old high school house, and iu June $10,000 was appropriated to pay the cost of enlarg- ing. The enlargement was completed that year. IGO CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION. In 1S73 tlie School Committee passed a resolution to petition the City Council for a new high school. May 20, the petition was referred to the committee on pul^lic instruction, which unanimously recom- mended granting the petition. In October, the committee on public property was authorized to expend .$12,000 for land for a new high school, and purchased the lot on which the new building stands ; which transaction was reported in November, and the necessary action was taken to meet the expense. In ]\Iarch, 1874, another petition from the School Committee was before the committee on public property, and in May that committee, with the addition of an Alderman and two members of the Common Council, was authorized to procure plans. Plans prepared by Lord & Fuller and H. G. Wadlin, of Boston, were reported in October, and the committee was authorized to procure working plans, and In November to contract for the erection of the building, which was done, and contracts were reported to and ap- proved by the City Council for the masonry, carpentry, heating appa- ratus, and superintendence of construction. The corner stone was laid May 27, 1875, and newspapers of that time contain full reports of the proceedings and a list of the articles placed under it, which it was not necessary now to enumerate. The cost has been as follows : Land, $12,000 Masonry contract, §40,800 Extra work, 1,843 42,643 Carpentry contract, $34,782 Extra work, 4,712 39,41)4 Heating apparatus, 6,G75 Ventilation, 2,825 Fence and curbing, 6,214 Excavation and drainage, 2,482 Furniture, 4,446 Plans and superintendence, 2,400 Brick pavement, 1,350 Incidentals 5,536 $126,065 Mr. Brownell then read from the Standard of August 30th a full de- scription of the building and list of contractors. He went on to state that the committee took great pleasure in commending the care and faithfulness with which the work had been done, and mentioned spec- ially the furniture and ventilation. The latter, Ijy P. Mihau, of Cam- bridge, was on apian approved everywhere it has been introduced, and favorably tested by the committee in this building. The house has accommodations for 336 scholars, is comfortable and beautiful, well heated and lighted, and the committee, Mr. Brownell thought, had reason to be proud, and to congratulate the citizens on APPENDIX. 161 this important acquisition. But the cause for congratulation would be greater, if, as he trusted, by its use the character of education is advanced. Mr. Brownell, at the close of his remarks, placed the keys of the building into the hands of the Mayor, who responded as follows: "Mr. Chairman, — In accepting these keys, the agreeable duty de- volves upon me of extending to you and the committee you represent the thanks and congratulations of the City Council and the citizens of New Bedford, for the great care and attention, untiring zeal and en- ergy, you have given to the construction and completion of this spa- cious and costly structure erected by the bounty of the city, and which we now dedicate to public use, for the promotion of the welfare of the people. "You herewith present to our citizens and School Committee a magniiicent structure, situated upon one of the finest building sites in our city, bounded by public avenues upon each side, well drained, and surrounded by spacious grounds. The edifice itself is one of which every citizen may well fell proud, artistic in its architecture, ample in its accommodations, possessing all the modern and most ap- proved requisites so indispensable to the health and comfort of teachers and pupils. " The citizens of New Bedford have here erected a monument of their liberality and interest in the educational and intellectual culture of their children. It is also a fitting recognition of the one hundredth anniversary of the independence of our nation, a memorial of the past, and a monitor of the future. " I would also congratulate the teachers and pupils of this school upon being so highly favored with such school accommodations as these ; and in behalf of the fathers and mothers acknowledge a debt of gratitude for the large and generous views of public policy which have furnished us this excellent building. "As mayor of the city, I accept from you these keys in the same spirit of magnanimity which has prompted your committee and our fellow-citizens in discharging their duty to their children and children's children in the construction and furnishing of this edifice, dedicated to intellectual culture and educational pursuits. " I shall in due time transfer these symbols to the appropriate rep- resentative of the school committee." At the conclusion of his remarks the Mayor introduced the Hon. Robert C. Pitman, Judge of the Superior Court, as a citizen of New Bedford who was an honor to the city and whom the city delighted to honor. Judge Pitman said as a general thing he deprecated apologies, but as he believed any person who is to speak before an audience of the character here assembled should suitably prepare himself, an apology u 162 CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION. was due to his hearers. He alluded first to Messrs. James B.Cong- don and John F. Emerson, who were seated beside him ; the one who, when he was a scholar forty years ago at Bush street, often in his official capacitj' as a member of the School Committee, enlivened the school by his cheering presence and his quick elastic step, and was also reverenced as the chairman of the Selectmen ; the other, before the high school was instituted, had given him valued assistance in his educational progress. The two years he spent in Bush Street school under the tutorship of David Armstrong, he regarded as among the most profitable of his life. Two thoughts he desired to present. First, education involves more than the preparation of accurate and finished scholars ; it produces noble men and women. On this point, special credit Avas due to Mr. Emerson. Second, he hoped New Bedford would not longer delay to elect some of its intelligent and capable women members of the School Committee. It was incredible that the educational interests of all the schoolgirls of the city should be in- trusted to a board composed entirely of men, when none so well as mothers know how their education should be conducted. John F. Emerson, the veteran teacher, whose portrait occupies a conspicuous place in the hall, was then introduced by the Mayor, and made the following interesting address. " Mr. Mayor, — It was, I believe, at a religious convocation in Can- ada, a few years ago, that a new beatitude was promulgated : ' Blessed is the man that maketh a short speech; he shall be invited to come again.' I have been invited by the High School and its friends on more than one occasion of interest, and hope to be again ; therefore I shall make a short speech. AVith your permission, my friends, I shall indulge in a few reminiscences of my school life in New Bedford. "It will be fifty years the 26th day of the coming December since my first arrival in your city. What a contrast between then and now ! But this is not the time or the occasion to enlarge upon that contrast, however interesting it might be. My first engagement here was that of an assistant teacher in the Friends' Academy, under J. II. W. Page, Esq., the principal. That was the commencement of a lifelong friend- ship between us, and his worth and success as a teacher will be at- tested by all those who had the good fortune to be his pupils. I held that position for two terms only, when the first High school was es- tablished, and I was appointed its master. It was kept in what was then called the green schoolhouse, on Charles street. The number of scholars, I think, was limited to forty, and altogether it was a very diff"ereut establishment from the present school, with its costly and varied surroundings. There may be some in this assembly who were my pupils at that time, and if there arc, I call upon them to bear wit- ness that we were a happy company, and that fiiir progress, at least, was made in school studies. I hope I shall be pardoned if I appear a APPENDIX. 163 little egotistical in speaking of this period. I had had but little expe- rience as a teacher, and was naturallj'. ambitious to make a good school. I had the time-honored Friends' Academy to compete with, presided over by the excellent teacher whom I have already named. I recollect tliat at the close of one term there was one vacancy, and that the committee spent an entire day in examining candidates who were anxious to secure the place. A large proportion of those first ad- mitted retained their seats, and consequently the number of disap- pointed applicants soon became large. Another cause of complaint, and one that produced a strong feeling of opposition to the school, was that two or three families that were considered abundantly able to pay for the tuition of their children, secured and continued to re- tain an undue proportion of the seats. At the expiration of tw'o years from the establishment of the school, the opposition became so pow- erful that an article was inserted in the warrant for the annual town meeting to see if the town would abolish the High school and appro- priate the same amount expended for its support to one or more infant schools. It was a sad prospect to me, to look forward to the discon- tinuance of the school, as I had no other means of support. I went to the town meeting in a very despondent frame of mind. The cause of the school was advocated most eloquently by the late T. G. Coffin, Esq., and the opposition was led by Dudley Davenport, Esq., whom those who were in active life at the time will remember as a man of strong feelings and indomitable energy, as well as of great personal worth. He had tried repeatedly for the admission of his children to the school, and failed. He then formed the resolution to abolish the school, if possible, and his impassioned appeal produced such an eflect that it seemed to me when the vote was taken that every hand in the hall went up in support of his side of the case, and the doom of the school was sealed. Mr. Davenport had no personal feeling against me, as was subsequently shown by his action in retiring from the hall, when he accosted me and said that he had heard I proposed to open a private school ; if so, he wished to put his children under my instruc- tion. This he did, and they remained my pupils till they left school. " I began at once what I continued to call the High school, and never had cause to complain of a want of patronage. Many of my pupils then are among the most honored and useful of the citizens of New Bedford, and also of other cities. " I was a member of the School Committee for most of the time that I was a private teacher, and remember with great pleasure my associ- ation on that board with several gentlemen who are doubtless here today, and have always been identified with the cause of education. I should do injustice to my own feelings, as well as disappoint your just anticipations, if I failed to mention in this connection my warm friend and co-laborer in education, Thomas A. Greene, Esq. You 164 CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION. all remember his devotion to the schools of the city, and no one had a better opportunity than myself to estimate the obligations of the city to him in this respect. He took so deep an interest in the High school that at last he knew almost every pupil by name. If his life had been continued to the present time, and he could have been with us on this occasion, his heart would have rejoiced in the ceremonies of this ded- ication. "Another name will always be remembered when we speak of the schools. Public Library, and other kindred institutions of the city, — James B. Congdon, Esq. But if I should attempt to enumerate all the friends of good learning that I have labored with in your city, the list would be too long for your patience. "The graduates of the High school for the quarter of a century that it was under my charge, are scattered through the length and breadth of the land. I meet them wherever I go. I never .fail to re- ceive a cordial recognition, and I always find them prepared to put a higher value upon my services than I think I deserve. They are found in the learned professions, in the marts of commerce and trade, and some few, at least, have achieved no mean distinction. Albert Bikr- STADT, the artist, took his first lessons in drawing in your High school. I doubt not there are some present who have specimens of monochro- matic drawing which they executed under his teaching previous to his visit to Europe. " I cannot fail to remember my young friend and former pupil. Pro- fessor Charles F. Chandler, of the School of Mines, New York. My ten years residence in Bx'ooklyn has afibrded me ample means of knowing his high reputation as a chemist. As President of the Board of Health, he holds a position of great responsibility, and one for the duties of which he seems specially qualified. "Rev. Alp:xander Mackekzie, the son of your late townsman Capt. Daniel Mackenzie, is a clergyman of great worth and high re- pute for a young man. He is settled over a church in Cambridge, near Harvard College, a position demanding culture and varied learning. I remember him as a most exemplary and painstaking scholar. " I congratulate the city of New Bedford on the possession of tliis splendid edifice for tlie accommodation of the High school. It aflbrds ample testimony to the taste and sound judgment of all concerned in its erection. I congratulate the youth of the city, for whose benefit this lavish expenditure has been made, on the increased facilities and ample provisions furnished them for the prosecutidn of stud}' and the acquisition of sound learning. "I congratulate the worthy principal who has presided over this school for so many years, on the success that has crowned his labors in the past, and the cheering prospect for the future, in the unsur- passed accommodations with which he will now he provided. APPENDIX. 165 "I congratulate the faithful assistant teachers of this school on their good fortune in being called to labor where there are so many omens of success to encourage them in their arduous toils." AisNER J. riiipps, of Medford, General Agent of the State Board of Education, was the next speaker. Mr. Phipps was for many years a teacher in New Bedford, and at one time Superintendent of the Public Schools. Mr. Phipps said it was 29 years this day (Sept. 12th) since he be- came Principal of the Friend's Academy, and 12 years since he left the position of Superintendent of Schools. He said two of the most prominent facts brought to mind in this year of centennial reflections were the progress In the character of school buildings and the in- creased provision for high schools. In 1838 the valuation of all the public schoolhouses in the State was $550,000, and now it was 620,- 000,000, one schoolhouse being valued at $300,000 and another $200,- 000, and there is quite a number worth over §100,000. In 1838 there were 1-i high schools, now over 200. High schools were however es- tablished in a very early period of our history. They were then called grammar schools, and were required to be of a grade suitable to fit scholars for "ye university." Some of the twenty-five dollar school- houses remain, but they are in towns where property is so much re- duced in value that with the utmost economy taxes are very high. Mr. Phipps also extended his congratulations on the character of the building, specially noting the blackboards of real slate. He did not know of a more perfect schoolhouse. Prof. Tweed, of the Board of Supervisors of the schools of Boston, was introduced, and amusingly contrasted the house with the one from which he graduated 50 years ago. There may be those who grumble at the increased expenses of schools, but they only keep pace with the prosperity of the country. It is somewhat doubted whether the methods of teaching keep pace with the houses and appliances, and unfortunately it cannot be very accurately determined. He be- lieved, however, tliat the modes of teaching had greatly advanced. Mr. John Tetlow, Principal of the Friends' Academy, spoke of the great expenditure for the High school. He did not mean to be un- derstood as opposed to free education, but the public has an immense demand upon the school. The school is in charge of the committee, the teachers, and the public. The committee should select teachers in whom they have confidence, and after general directions should leave them alone. Parents and pupils should consider it is their duty to consider the teacher. Unless this school sends out first class citi- zens it cannot vindicate its own existence. The Mayor then presented to the Hon. Alanson Boijden, Chairman of the subcommittee on the High School, the keys of the new building, and spoke as follows : 166 CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION. " Mu. CiiAiuMAN, — To you, representing the School Committee of our city, I consign this building, a munificent gift from the citizens of New Bedford to their children. The public authorities have furnished you with a building suited to your wants, and I have no misgivings as to the wisdom which shall govern or the success which will ever at- , tend the administration of this school. And now, Mr. Chairman, in the belief that this magnificent structure will be found worthy of tlie purposes for which it has been constructed, worthy of the enlightened teachers who will impart knowledge to those seeking information here, worthy of the public spirit and progress of the city of New Bedford, I deliver it, by this symbolical passing of keys into your charge, a completed and perfect edifice." In response to the address of the Mayor, Judge Borden remarked that he accepted the keys not with unmixed feelings of pleasure; he felt the full weight of responsibility which they symbolized. Happily for himself, he expected in a few months to lay down that responsi- bility. In view of what is afforded for education in New Bedford, by liberal appropriations and from the Sylvia Ann Rowland bequest, the responsibility was almost too much to bear. The school should be .able to fit scholars for college as well or better than any other in the State. He believed it had facilities superior to any other in the State, and hoped to hear of many of its graduates honoring themselves at Yale, Harvard, Tufts, Boston University, Vassar, and Smith's College. The school should be so good that no other of the same grade can exist in the city. A very important thing, something beyond intellec- tual attainments, is intellectual enthusiasm. Judge Borden looked back with grateful remembrance to one teacher who inspired his pupils with such enthusiasm that nearly every one Avonld get up at 4 a. m. in the winter to engage in study. But this school is not all for college; most of its pupils come here to end their studies, and if they were en- thusiastic here their attainments would not wear out in the future but would scarcely be defaced. If the future School Committees shall so manage the school, the people will be willing to pour out their thou- sands for its support. Charles P. Rugg, Esq., Principal of the High School, received the keys from Judge Borden. He promised that the earnest efforts of himself and his assistants would be put forth to merit the trust and confidence of the community. Among the invited guests present were Dr. James M. Aldrich, chair- man of the school committee, and William Council, Jr., superintend- ent of schools, of Fall River; A. P. Marble, superintendent of schools in Worcester, and the superintendent of public buildings in the same city, whose name we did not learn. The arrangements were admirably made by the committee on public APPENDIX. 167 property, Messrs. J. Augustus Brownell, William G. Taber, William J. Boweu, Henry C. Denison, and George Nelson. The whole building was charmingly decorated with flowers. A very handsome bouquet on the pianoforte was contributed by William Peirce, and the others were furnished and arranged by the assistant teachers. In the principal's room was a splendid amaryllis with about ninety blossoms, furnished by Mrs. Harry J. Leach. After the dedication, the people inspected all parts of the building, and much gratification was expressed with its appearance. XXIX. DESCRIPTION OF THE NEW HIGH SCHOOL HOUSE. [From the Evening Standard of August oOth.] This fine building is now nearly completed, and the finishing touches are being put on the painting and furnishings. The building is large enough to meet all the requirements of the High school for a great many years to come, elegant in design, and carefully fitted in every way for its destined use. The Committee of the City Council on Pub- lic Property has the credit from the School Committee of doing every- thing possible to meet the views of the latter body in adapting every detail carefully to its purpose. The building occupies au entire block of land, about three fourths of an acre, bounded by Summer, Mill, Chestnut and North streets, a high and commanding situation, and from a distance it is the most promi- nent object in the city. Collaterally, the view from the tower is ex- tensive and fine. The building is of brick, with Amherst (Ohio) freestone trimmings, and underpinning and basement window sills of Rockport granite. It is three stories high, with a flat-topped hip roof, the slopes slated and the flat tinned. The front on Summer street is 95 feet, and the width 92 feet. The Summer street entrance is under a projecting portico 21 by 15 feet. Over the centre front are a tower and spire. The brick are laid in black mortar. In the first story, the east vestibule is 15 by 29 feet, and opens into 168 CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION. a larger vestibule, which, with stairways leading up from entrances at the north and south, cloak-rooms, &c., occupies a space extending the whole length of the building and 25 feet wide. Forty-seven feet length of this, in the centre, is clear and unobstructed. Opening from this main hall-way are two school-rooms at the east 30 by 3G feet, and two at the west 30 by 35 feet, occcupying the corners of the building. The westerly part of the building is 1C9 feet long, projecting both north and south far enough to give the westerly school-rooms each an east- erly window. Between the westerly rooms on the first floor are a library 1(3 by 2fii feet, and a private room for teachers U by 26^ feet. The second story is like the first, except that over the east vestil)ule is a room for the principal, and over the library an apparatus room. The southwest room is to be devoted to philosophical experiments, and the windows are provided with patent rolling dark shutters. In the third story are two school-rooms in the easterly corners, and between them an ante-room and a stairway leading to the tower. "West of these rooms are a range of cloak-rooms, &c., and the westerly part of the third story is appropriated to an assembly hall for the whole school, 43 by 104i feet. The northeast room in this story will be the apartment for lessons in drawing, and it has been provided with stools and tables, some of which were formerly used in the public evening drawing schools in Sears Hall. They have been neatly stained and varnished. The adjoining ante-rooms are fitted for the reception of drawing-boards and frames. The basement will have a laboratory under the southeast school- room and a chemical store-room north of it, water-closets under the west rooms, and a boiler-room, janitor's room, and coal-room, under the library and teachers' private room. The laboratory has been fitted up with every possible convenience and the best style of apparatus for the work to be done in the room, on the same plan that was pur- sued in the State Normal School at Bridgewater. The tower is ISi feet wide, projecting two feet, and above the roof is enlarged to 20i feet square. The basement is 11 feet high in the clear (5 feet above ground); school-rooms in each story 15 feet ; and the assembly hall 17 feet high at the ends and 20 feet high for 50 feet of its length in the centre. The tower room in the fourth story is 27 feet high, and in the fifth 14 feet. Tlie height from the ground to the eaves is 56 feet ; to the top of the roof, 78 feet ; to top of tower, 98 feet ; to summit of spire, 139 feet. The cloak-rooms in the first and second stories are in double tiers 7 feet high, part of them opening from landings half way up each flight of stairs. The attic, 19 feet high, has only six small dormer windows, and will APPENDIX. 169 be uuused except iu the towei'-room and by the raised ceiliug of the assembly hall and such space as is occupied by ventilating pipes. The plans for the building were made by Lord & Fuller and II. G. Wadlin, of Boston, and it has been erected under their supervision, and is well and thoroughly constructed iu every respect. Mr. Augus- tus A. Greene has been their agent to supervise the work. The prin- cipal contractors were Dearborn Bros. & Co., of Boston, masons ; Solomon Chadwick, carpenter; Ingalls & Keudricken, of Boston, steam heating apparatus; P. Mihau, of Cambridge, ventilation. The heating apparatus is built under Clogston's patents, and has proved to be economical. The piping is arranged so as to obviate the disagreeable snapping sound often heard in steam heating pipes, and the heat is obtained by indirect radiation, all the radiators being placed in air flues in the basement. The ventilation is so planned as to insure a draft in the ventilating flues both from the top and bottom of each room. This has been long a difticult problem, the tendency being to ventilate only from the top by the levity of the heated air when both registers open into the same flue; aud if diflerent flues are used the result has been no better, or perhaps resulting in a downward draught to the lower register. Mr. Mihan's plan is to conduct a tin pipe from the lower register through the centre of the flue ventilating from the upper register. The warm air in the outer flue heats the air inside the pipe, aud thus creates a draught from below. The inside finish is ash, white-filled and shellacked, aud the walls of the rooms are painted in delicate grays, drabs, pearls, lavenders, &c., each room a diflerent tint. The school desks, the chairs for four rooms to be occupied by the lower grades of the school, and all the teachers' desks aud tables are from the Sterling School Furniture Co., of Sterling, 111. Ninety set- tees in the hall are from the same company, and are made with cast- iron frames, while the seats turn up against the backs like opera seats. There are 100 settees of the common pattern from the Fitchburg Chair Co., and the same concern has furnished cane-seated oak chairs with rubber feet for the scholars of the four upper-grade rooms. The Ster- ling chairs are on bronzed iron frames fastened to the floor. The backs and seats are of cherry slats, and the seats lift up. The teachers' rooms and library are carpeted with drab and red, and the building contains twelve clocks. 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