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The Advantages 
 
 AND 
 
 SURROUNDINGS 
 
 OF 
 
 Muskegon Mich 
 
 WV^ THE 
 
 Q) 
 
 ^0^ MATERIAL INTERESTS 
 
 X) 
 
 OF A 
 
 Progressive City 
 
 Under Auspices of the 
 
 MUSKEGON BOARD OF TRADE 
 
 December 1892 
 
 POSTAGE ON THIS BOOK FOUR CENTS 
 
 The Sender Hereof, calls your attention to Pages 99 and 
 
cr^ 
 
 r. 
 
 The westhiilf of the lower Michigan peninsula has 18,000 square miles of area, 
 which is more than Massachusetts, Connecticut, Rhode Island and Delaware 
 combined, with their three and a half Ajilirions of people, and containing several 
 large cities. This West Mich, area 50 years ago was comparatively a wilderness. 
 l^ow it contains three-fourths of a million inhabitants. Muskegon is the second 
 largest city, having Avater transportation facilities, and being 600 miles nearer 
 the center of population than the before mentioned states, as the agricultural 
 resources of this vast area are opened up it will doubtless increase much faster 
 than cities of like size in the eastern district. 
 
3 
 
 STARTING POINTERS. 
 
 The center of population for the U. S. is now in the gvnnl Luke District. 
 Eight states abutting the great lalvcs, contain nearly lialf tiie i)opulation of the 
 44 states comprising tlie Union. 
 
 The four states surrounding Lake Micliigan liave over ten millions of people — 
 nearly one-sixth of the entire Union— although having an average age, as states, 
 of hut 63 years. 
 
 Muskegon is the third city in population on Lake Michigan, the fourth for 
 marine business; her iiarhor is accessiljle in the coldest weather, and location the 
 center of the great Fruit Belt. 
 
 Michigan produces about half of the iron on' of the Union, nearly all the 
 copper, is first in salt and lumber manufacturing, and capitalists are "catching on" 
 to the fact that these advantages are sure to bring furnaces, additional iron, wood 
 and other industrii s of magnitude, to Muskegon, at no distant day. 
 
 INTRODUCTORY. 
 
 The puljlicalion of this volume is to present in condensed form and convenient 
 shape for preservation, all the material facts of histoty, advantages and surround- 
 ings of Muskegon. Her city and county government, churches and schools, 
 professional, business and social life will be briefly outlined. Statistics illustrating 
 the growth and extent of her commercial and manufacturing interests, carefully 
 compiled from reliable sources, will be found in succeeding pages. A thorough 
 perusal of these facts by manufacturers or those in search of homes in a pleasant 
 and healthful city, witli superior educational advantages, will bring a preponder- 
 ance of evidence in favor of Miiskegon. 
 
 This is not a boom edition in any sense of the word, but officers of the Board of 
 Trade and other leading citizens have felt the need of a publication, in a con- 
 venient shape for reference, and for mailing to inquirers, that would give all our 
 material interests, with due reference to the magnitude of our principal concerns, 
 suitable illustrations, and void of the gush and personal laudations usually found 
 in such works. It is not necessary to overdraw Muskegon, as there are few, if 
 any, cities in the Union, more favorably' located for manufacturing, that have 
 better libraries or schools, churches or social advantages, more delightful outing 
 resorts or that present a moi'e equable climate the year round. 
 
 Formerly entitled to the cognomen, ''The Lumber Queen of the World, "as the 
 timber of the section has been rapidly consumed, the saw and shingle mills have given 
 place to general manufacturing, of which subsequent pages give details of the lead- 
 ing institutions. These will be seen to be numerous, diversified and important for a 
 city of this size; but there is room for hundr('d:i more, and with our superior 
 attractions, the progiess in industrial concerns will doubtless increase more than 
 a hundred-fold with each coming decade. Astute manufacturers, throughout the 
 length of the land are seeking central locations for securing raw materials, cities 
 where sufficient ground is available, at low tigures for building factories; where 
 workmen can secure cheap rent, or own cottages for homes, and where easy trans- 
 portation for distributing their productions to the millions is accessible. In all 
 these respects, statistics presented in the following pages will -^how Xhut Muskegon 
 is unsiirjiassed . 
 
MUSKEGON LAKE, CITY, ETC. 
 
 The corporate limits of Muskegon cover twelve square miles, live of which 
 ai'e water. The city is liuilt with compai'ative compactness for four miles along 
 the southeastern shore of Muskegon Lake, and extending back an average of a 
 mile or more. Lakeside, Bluffton, and Port Sherman, although^n the corporation, 
 are less compact. At tiie last named place the outlet of Muskegon Lake joins 
 Lake Michigan. Muskegon Heights on the south, and North Muskegon across an 
 ami of the lak(^ are considered a part of the city's surrounding developments, 
 though not at present included in the corporate limits. Electric cars furnish 
 convtiuieni communication every twenty minutes between Muskegon Heights and 
 the city. Regular steam ferries and the old bridge road connect Nortii Muskegon, 
 and plans are now progressing for direct connection by a new, well built draw- 
 bridge and electric car line wJiich will greatly facilitate communication and make 
 of Nortli Muskegon a (lcsii-al)le i-esidence suhurl). 
 
LOCATION OF MUSKEGON. 
 
 A iiortlioast course of 141 miles from Cliicnffo, across Lake Micliigans surface 
 brings tlie mariuer to the outlet of Muskegon Lake, a l)otly of water six miles in 
 length, by from one to three in breatlth, on the southeast shore of which is found 
 this handsome city. Directly to the southward, 100 miles, skirting Lake Michigan's 
 eastern shore, i)rings the traveler to the Indiana state line. Milwaukee is 85 miles 
 neailj'^ due west; Detroit 200 miles south of east. The four states surrounding Lake 
 Michigan comprise the greatest intrinsic worth of any similar section of theUnion. 
 Within a radius of 125 miles from this city is found 2,725,000 inhabitants by the 
 census reports of 1890. Within less than 400 miles of Muskegon, one-fourth of 
 the poi)ulation of the entire United States and a consideral)le portion of Ontario 
 is reached. With New York as the great commercial center of the cast, and Chi- 
 cago the undoubted center of the Lake District, the growth of the latter city and 
 district for the past 20 years gives ample evidence that Chicago will outrival New 
 York within the present genei'ation, and we shall be indeed near the commercial 
 center of the Union. Muskegon is on the eastern shore of Lake Michigan, about 
 one-third of the distance from the south end, towards the Straits of Mackinac. 
 This great body of water, with about 900 miles of coastline, is entirely in the U. 
 S., has an extreme depth of 870 feet, never freezes over and navigation upon its 
 waters continues between Wilwaukee on the west and favored ports on the east, 
 while the great chain of lakes is blocked with ice for nearly half the year. 
 
 The prevailing winds are from western points of compass and must come over 
 Michigan's waters to reach Muskegon, so that the mercury seldom touches zero 
 here, when it is 10 degrees or more below, 130 miles further south. This proximity 
 to the great water also tempers our summer heat, and when Chicago is parched 
 with southwestern winds, our citizens are enjoying the breezes which have been 
 cooled by crossing a 100 miles of water at 60 degrees. Muskegon is in the center 
 of the Michigan Peacli and Fruit Belt, which is proof positive of its equable climate. 
 
 MANUFACTURING ADVANTAGES. 
 
 Read the foregoing article and then consider that Escanaba, the largest iron 
 ore market in the world, is but 185 miles distant, while vessels discharging cargoes 
 at ButTalo, Erie or Ashtabula bring return coal to western points at nominal rates, 
 and all supplies for furnaces can be secured by lake or rail at competing prices. 
 
 The vast amount of commercial business transacted l)y boat is steadily on the 
 increase, and is nowhere more important than on Lake Michigan. For comparison 
 we condense the followiug tonnage movement by water for 1890 : 
 
 London and Liverpool 33,420,617 tons. 
 
 All United States Sea Ports 26,983,315 " 
 
 New York. Philadelphia and Boston 9.073.690 " 
 
 All Great Lake Ports 51,203,106 " 
 
 All Lake Michigan Ports 18.571,258 •' 
 
 Chicago, Milwaukee and Muskegon 11,125,846 '• 
 
 Muskegon has great advantages over' Chicago in cheap lamls and living, low 
 taxes and lake front manufacturing sites at nominal prices. Iron ore, tinib, r, lum- 
 ber, tanbark, hides, and other raw materials, are easily accessible; a score of large 
 industrial institutions have located here within the past two years, and when all the 
 foregoing facts aiv taken into consideration tlicrc is every inducement for the good 
 work to continue. 
 
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No bolter idea of tlie eligible loeation :iiul great iialiiial advantages ol' Miiske 
 goii eould l)e conveyed than in tlie following article eouipiled recently, by V. H; 
 Holbi'ook, ex-postmaster and secretary of the Board of Trade. With rare discern- 
 ment, and as a rt^snlt of a careful study of the subject in all its bearings, andt he 
 same applied in the light of sound judgment, Mr. Holbrodk writes as follows: 
 
 "In a nation growing so rapidly as ours, (twelve million population added last 
 decade, To. 000 miles of railway Imilt in tin; same period, or equivalent to a line 
 between New York and Chicago every forty days) it be omes necessary for the 
 individual, who s<'eks to ol)tain the highest results possible, either from invest- 
 ment or from manufacturing enterprise, to study carcfulhj. the natural divisions- 
 of the United States; the distribution of population; the sources from Avhich com- 
 modities are derived; the channels through which business flows, etc. Let u& 
 examine into these: To the topographer the nation is divided into live natiu'al 
 drainage basins, viz: Atlantic, Great Lakes, Mississippi, (iulf and Pacific; each easily 
 discernible hy noting, on a map, the coui'se of streams i-unningiuto the oceans, the 
 (ireat Lakes, the Mississippi river and tribntaries, and the (Tulf of Mexico. The 
 tirst three of these five basins, are the seats of the major i)art of the vast volume of 
 business of this country. On tiie west, the Mississippi basin, with vast area of 
 fertile soil, raises the bulk of the cereals, live stock and farm products. On the 
 east, the Atlantic liasin contains all the beds of anthracite coal, much of the best:, 
 bituminous and coking coal, practically all the petroleum, many large iron mines,, 
 and, bordering on the Atlantic ocean, has the gateways to European markets. 
 The Great Lakes basin produces wonderful quantities of the best Bessemer ore^ 
 copper, coal, forest and farm products, salt, stone and Iniilding materials. The 
 interchange of products of these three great districts, principally on an east anct 
 west trend, forms the basis of the business of the country. The Great Lakes 
 basin lies practically between the other two; has an unequalled cheap facility for 
 freighting, and pla3^s an important part. Such an influence has its great ea.st andi 
 west waterway exerted, that this basin has become, at its shore cities, the market, 
 and stoi'age place for all the principal comivodities of the other two basins, as 
 well as for those most natural to it.self. Any day of the j'ear, more products of 
 the country can be found at the shore cities of the Great Lakes, than in any other 
 district of the United States. 
 
 When it is understood that the freight charges paid railways, aggregate over 
 six hundred million dollars annually, and that by census record, commodlitiesv 
 carried i)y water were transported for about one-seventh per ton, per mile, of the 
 chai'ge which is obtained by rail, then it iiccomes clear as to the cause of the won- 
 derful growth of shipping along the Great Lakes, and as to the advantages of lake 
 cities. The census report lor 1890 shows the movement to be over tifty-one mil- 
 lion tons, while that of all United States sea-ports was about twenty-six million 
 tons. In population, too, the effect is seen. As you pass out of the Atlantic 
 basin, and go west over the divide, you find ten states, viz: Ohio, Indiana,. 
 Illinois, Michigan, Wisconsin, Minnesota. Iowa, Missouri, Kansas and Nebraska. 
 The tirst six lie along the (xreat Lakes. The ten have an average age, as states, 
 of 53 years, and combined have 21,847,752 population, or nearly hve millions more 
 than the older North Atlantic ten states division, comprising New York, New Jersey^ 
 Penn.svlvania, Delaware and the six New England states. The gain for thirty 
 years, 'ending 1890, was: Eastern ten, 6,863.558. Western ten, 12.755,873. Lake 
 Mich'gan represents, closelj', the geographical center of this middle western dis- 
 trict: and one of its shore cities (Chicago) is the recognized conuiiei'cial eoiter. 
 This lake is the only one of the live, having both shores within the United States. 
 affording an opportunity for doul)le concentration. The elTect is seen in the 
 record of growth of lake cities last flecade; the gain bv lakes is as follows: Ontario, 
 50.605; Erie, 254, f!75; Huron. 12;^, 253; Superior, 58,5l"9; Michigan, 778,407. Con- 
 templation of these facts and figures brings us to a point where the merits of the 
 City of Muskegon can i)e consitlei-etl intelligently. It is centrally located in the 
 most rapidly growing district in the United States. It is the third city in size oni 
 Lake Michigan; Chicago first, 114 miles distant ; ^lilwaukee second, oi)i)osite and) 
 distant 85 miles. It is located at the mouth of tin- longi\st river in Michigan,, 
 which river widens at its mouth forming a magnitic'cnt inside harboi-. very deep 
 
9 
 
 with twelve miles of water front availai)le; is liflli eity in JVlicliifiaii; gained 101 
 per eent. last (Un-ade, now has 2."), 000 popnlation; lias all the eonvenienees of larg(! 
 cities; a line situation loeally; is elose to raw materials and l)est markets, reaching 
 both with na\ igation; has diversitied manufacturing, and is railway and naviga- 
 tion I'enlei' for Western Michigan. 
 
 Rapidly growing districts push new cities to the front, and Muskegon will 
 soon obtain the recognition her ailvantages merit. No young city in the country 
 alTords such opportunities for manufacturers or investors." 
 
 CENTER FOR DISTRIBUTION. 
 
 Not only is manufacturing an imporlant feature in the upbuilding and perma- 
 nency of cities, but a center for distribution has been the principal factor in th(^ 
 plienonuMial growth of many places, notably New York, Cliicago, San Francisco, 
 Denver and Duluth. A city for rapiil and permaneiU progress must either have a 
 gateway for distribution or superior advantages as a manufacturing center, and 
 when both are combined, the immediate results are greatly enhanced. For many 
 reasons Chicago is not adapted to the needs of the ordinary manufacturer. Mus- 
 kegon I ossesses equal advantages in securing raw material, or the shipment of 
 manufactured products; mechanics can here own their homes, and our progressive 
 citizens have created a fund with which to purchase and present desirable manu- 
 facturing sites to legitimate lines of industry. With our advantages of water and 
 rail transportation, equable climate, healthful surroundings, magnificent water- 
 works, which di :uv direct fnmi the great lake three-quarters of a mile from shore; 
 electric light and gas plants, electric i-ailway system, efficient fire department, and 
 all the conveniences of a metropolitan city, why should not Muskegon march 
 onward? Our nearness to law material and the markets of the Great Lakes basin. 
 suiTounding states rich in agriculture and dairy proilucts, together with the many 
 otiier desirable features, w^hich are shown in later pages, make it entirely feasible 
 to build up a large manufacturing and distributing center at this point, and if you 
 have caught the idea that Muskegon holds the key to the situation it is unneces- 
 sary'^ to go into further enumeration in these introductory pages. 
 
 Our illustrations as well as descriptive writings are designed to be representa- 
 tive in character. Many of them are direct productions from photographs, and 
 those not so^taken are mostly true representations of buildings now up or under 
 
 HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. 
 
 Pre-Historic— The lake region is full of interest for the student of American 
 history, both present and remote. Long before the Indians, of whom we have 
 record, roau.ed the forests of this section, and fished in its rivers and creeks, it is 
 l)elieved to have been inhabited by a superior people— of whom not even a tradi- 
 tion remains — whose only monuments are scattered earthworks, and tumuli here 
 and there, containing bones from a race of giants, pottery, axes, ornaments, etc. 
 Wiiether^these were a distinct people from the a])original Indians or not, we may 
 never know; but it is reasonable to suppose that they were predecessors, or a divi- 
 sion of the half-civilized race from whom the Mexican Aztecs descended. 
 Mounds, relics, etc., from these "Mound Builders" were formerly abundant 
 throughout the Ohio and Mississippi valleys as far north as Lake Superior, 
 and as far east as New^ York State. If a separate race from the Indians, when anil 
 by what agency they were destroyed will perhaps remain for all time a mystcMW as 
 dcej) as that of the fabled lost Island of "Atlantis." 
 
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 Colonial Scttlenieut.— Jesuit missionaries visited \\\r Iii<li:m tribes at Detroit 
 as early :is 1G20, and Jean Nicoletwasat Maekinac in 1(;34. In 1(541 Fatlier Jacques 
 and Raymbault preaclied to a large congregation of Indians at Sanlt St. Marie. 
 This post was again revived in 1665 by Claude Alouez, and Fatlier Marquette eanio 
 in 1668, the next year discovering tl'.e upper Mississippi. He erected the fort at 
 Mackinaw in 1671. It is worthy of note that Robt. de La Salle and Father Henne- 
 pin in 1678, live miles above Niagara Falls, built the first sailing craft whicli trav- 
 ersed the great lakes. This l)oat, named "The Griffin," was sailed to Green Bay, 
 where it was loaded with furs and started for the head of Lake Michigan, manned 
 by 15 seamen, under the direction of an Italian named Tonti. La Salle, Henne- 
 pin and their comrades proceeded by land; but the boat was evidently lost in a 
 storm, as it was never lieard from thereafter. 
 
 A French colony was planted at Detroit in 1701, and a considerable settlement 
 made. Ti is was surrendered to the British in 1760, the act having been ratified by 
 the treaty of Paris, 1763. About this time the Pontiac conspiracy convulsed the 
 peninsula. The garrison at Ft. Mackinaw was taken and partly massacred and 
 De roit was for several months in a state of siege from the wily Indian chief. The 
 silver and copper mines of the Upper Peninsula were worked by the French, 
 1773-5. At the time of the revolutionary war, Michigan was still a part of Can- 
 ada, and hence had little to do in that memorable controversy. Although it was 
 in the territory acquired by the United States, it was not formally surrendered 
 until June, 1796. 
 
 Territorial Notes. — The area now comprising the populous states of Ohio, 
 Indiana, Illinois, Michigan and Wisconsin was by an act of congress, in 1787, 
 created the Northwest Territory. Gen. Geo. Rogers Clarke, who in July, 1778, 
 captured the British posts at Kaskaskia and Vincennes, in recognition of his valor 
 was granted 150,000 acres of land for himself and soldiers, and Clarksburg was 
 started at the Falls of the Ohio in 1786. This was the only American settlement 
 in the northwest, prior to Marie; ta, Ohio, Avhich was founded April 7, 1788, and 
 was made the seat of government for the territory. Gov. St. Clair made a treaty 
 with the Indians in 1789, but numerous bloody encounters were had with the sav- 
 ages until after Gen. Wayne's decisive victory at Maumee in 1794, and Gen. 
 Harrison's la; er scourging of the Indians in Indiana and Michigan. Ohio was 
 made a territory in 1800, and two years later admitted as a state. Indiana Terri- 
 tory, ci'eated in 1800, comprised the present Indiana, Illinois, Michigan and 
 Wisconsin, having a total population of 5,641 whites. These were grouped as 
 follows: Mackinaw, 251; Green Bay, 50; other fur traders on the Great Lakes, 
 300; Upper Mississippi, 65; Cahokia, 719, adjoining township, 286; Kaskaskia. 
 467; other Illinois points, 886; Clark's grant, 929; Vincennes, 714; surrounding 
 setttlements 819, and 55 fur traders on the upper Wabash. 
 
 Michigan was cut from Indiana in 1805 and Illinois in 1809. The popular tide 
 of emigration westward made Indiana a state in 1816 and Illinois was admitted 
 two years later. Wisconsin was at that time annexed to Michigan as a part of 
 this territory and was made a separate territory in 1836. In 1818 the area com- 
 prising Michigan, Wisconsin, Iowa, Minnesota and the Dakotas had 13,000 popu- 
 lation. When we look at the phenomenal growth of the northern central district 
 within the past half century, we are justified in making great predictions for the 
 future. 
 
 Territorial dJovernuient was o))ened in ]Micliigan, 1805, Avitli Detroit as the 
 
13 
 
 capital. War witli Eiififland was lU'clarod June 19. 1812, and Gen. Hull, who had 
 been appointed to the coniniand of the northwest, iiifjlorioiisly surrendered. 
 Detroit on the lOth of Aupjust follow ins;. 
 
 The British had captured Mackinaw, July 17th, Frenchtowii (now Mon- 
 roe) fell into their hands, and liie country was rapidly devastated l)y Indian allies- 
 Gen. Hull was court niariialcd and sentenced to be shot for cowardice, but in con 
 sideration of his ser\ ices in the revolution was pardoned by the president. Pei-ry's 
 victory at Put-in-Bay on the lOlh of Sept. 1813, reversed the tide of war, a detach- 
 ment of (ien. Harrison's force re-cajjtured Detroit on the 29th of the same month 
 and Gen. Lewis Cass was ai)pointed j^overuor of Michi<i:au in Oct. 1813. He continueil 
 in oHic(^ until 1831. when Geo. B. Porter was appointed. Gov. Porter died with 
 cholera in 1831, and S. T. Mason succeeded. The "Toledo war" was inaugurated in 
 1836 between Michigan on the north and Indiana and Ohio on the south, regarding 
 the boundary line. Congress finally arbitrated th{> matter before the admission of 
 the state, giving Michigan, the Upper Peninsula, in lieu of the ten mile strip in 
 dispute. The state commission refused to accept these terms, but a popular con 
 vention ratilied the terms in order to receive the benefits of statehood. In Maj', 1812 
 congress voted G.OOD.OOO acres of land to iiomesteads for revolutionary soldiers, 
 one-third of wjiich was to have l)een taken from Michigan. On account of the 
 report from the surveyors, that this country was so swampy and malarious as to 
 be unfit for habitation, the Michigan clause of the act was repealed in 1816. The 
 hai'dy pioneers, however, were not to be deterred by this libelous report, and the 
 two millions of inhabitants which the state has acquired in the past 55 years, with 
 lands and room for ten times as great a number, is ample evidence that the.se old 
 surveyors jumped at conclusions, or founded their reports on Indian traditions 
 rather than from reliable evidence. 
 
 State (xoveriiinent. — Stevens T. Mason who was elected in 1835, as govci-nor of the 
 provisional state, continued after the admission of Michigan to statehood, Jan. 26. 
 1837, and was succeeded by Wm. W()odl)ridge, 1840; J. W. (iordon, '41; J. S. Bariy, 
 '42; and again in '50; Alphe.is Felch, '46; Wm. L. Greenh-, '47; E. Ransom, '48. R. 
 McClelland, '52; A. Parsons, '53; K. S. Bingham, '55; Moses Wisner, "59; Austin 
 Blair, '61; H. H. Crapo, '65; H. P. Baldwin, '69; J. J. Bagley, '73; C. M. Crosvvell 
 '77; D. H. Jerome, '81: J. W. Begole, 83; Russell A. Alger, '85; Cyrus G. Luce, '87. 
 andE. B. Winans, '91. 
 
 In 1826 congress .set apart two townships for the founding of a university, and 
 this was established at Ann Arbor, March 18, 1837. It was opened as an institution 
 of learning Se))t. 20, 1842, and 50 years of usefulness has achieved a world-wide 
 reputation for the Micliigau University. Graduates from its several departments 
 are now to be found in nearly every civilized counti'y on the globe. An act to 
 move the capital to Lansing was passed March 16, 1847, and the present constitu- 
 tion wa adopted in 1850. This with its several amentlnuuits is now the organi 
 law of the state. 
 
 The rapid growth of Michigan is shown i"n the following' census reports by 
 decades: At the beginning of the present century less than 1,000. 1810, 4,762; 
 '20, 8,896; '30, 31.639; '40, 212.267; '50. 397.654; '00, 749,113; '70, 1,184,282; '80, 1.636,- 
 937; '90, 2,093,889 
 
 Topography, Climate, Etc. — This state derives its name from Indian dialect 
 Milchi Snwgycgan, meaning lake country. It is bounded on three sides bv the 
 Great Lakes :ind connectiug straits, largely intei'spersed with small bodies of 
 
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 water and the name is very ai>i)r()[)riate. Tlie slate extends from latitude 40° 42' 
 to 48° 22. ' The stale contains r,G,401 square miles, eom])rising 30,128,040 aeres, of 
 which aV)out one-third is water. The principal islands, in the state are Royal and 
 Grand in Superior, Beaver, Fox and Manitou groups in the northern x^art of Lake 
 Micingan, Marquette, Mackinac and Bois Blanc in Huron. 
 
 The state is naturally and geograi)hically divided into two distinct penin- 
 sulas by Lake Michigan and Lake Huron. These two great bodies of water 
 bouml the west and north of the Lower Peninsula, Huron covering two-thirds of 
 the eastern border as well, while St. Clair lake, the western end of Erie and De- 
 troit and St. Clair rivers complete the eastern boundary. The entire coast line 
 found in this state is 1,020 miles, a greater lake coast than is possessed by all other 
 states of the Union. Ohio and Indiana form the southern l)ouudary. 
 
 The Lower Peninsula has numerous small and beautiful hU<es in the interior, 
 hundred of streams and rivers, is undulating, the ground in some sections risingSOO 
 to 400 feet above the level of the Great Lakes and the soil l)eing generally produc- 
 tive. The forests of pine, oak, beech, maple, etc., which formerly covered the 
 sandy loam and clay sub-soils, have largely given place to cultivated farms, and the 
 lands are raising good crops of cei'eals, vegetables and grass. Apples, pears and 
 plums do well over most of the Lower Peninsula, while jjeaches, grapes, berries 
 und small fruits are particularly adapted to a strip aljout 35 miles in width, skirt- 
 ing the eastern shore of Lake Michigan and known as "The Fruit Belt." Many 
 persons who have made no study of the deflection of isothermal lines, in conse- 
 quence of great bodies of water, when told that Muskegon is on a parallel with the 
 south line of Minnesota, where the mercury often remains for tlays at 25° or more 
 below zero, at once conclude that we are in a cold country; when the facts are that 
 the great water bounding this section on the west modifies all this and gives us an 
 uncommonly equable climate, scarcely colder in winter than St. Louis, Indianapo- 
 lis or Columbus. The principal rivers of this section are the Muskegon, which 
 fises in Roscommon and Missaukee counties, together with its branches meandering 
 a distance of 450 miles, Grand river of nearly equal distance, Kalamazoo, St. 
 Joseph, Manistee and many smaller streams; completing in the aggregate an un- 
 surpassed water system. The Lower Peninsula is about 200x300 miles. 
 
 The Upper Peninsula, covering more than one-third of the state's area, lies 
 principally north of latitude 46, rises in the Porcupine mountains to the height of 
 2,000 feet, is unprotected on the west, and may rightly be termed a cold, bleak 
 country. It is[318 miles from east to west and 164 miles in breadth. The eastern 
 counties have some good farming lauds; the western portion contains extensive 
 forests and a large timber trade is annually transacted. The principal feature, 
 however, for which Northern Michigan is celebrated is its great mineral wealth. 
 The largest copper and Bessemer ore districts in the Union are found in this re- 
 gion. This, taken in connection with the fact that Michigan stands first in lumber 
 manufacture and lake transportation facilities, with her nearness to great dis- 
 tributing centers, make it reasonable to presume that Muskegon, located on the 
 finest harbor ou the lakes, already the largest city on the eastern shore of Lake 
 Michigan, will continue to keep up its record of the three past decades of doubling 
 its population every ten yeai's. 
 
IT 
 
 SETTLEMENT OE MUSKEGON. 
 
 In the (l:it:i for early liistory the i-oiiipilcr is jrrcatly iiulcbted to ex-Lieut. Gov- 
 enior Holt, ofjiiis city, i)i-esi(leiit of the Pioneei- and Hisrorical Society. Jean 
 Bapti.ste Reeolleet. a French ti-adcr, l)nilt a cabin near ihe nioutli of Bear Lake ii* 
 1812; I'ierre Constant locatetl a post at HlnlTton a few years lalei", which lie occu- 
 pied until his death in 1828. This was contiiiiicil l.y his daughter Louise until 
 she married VVru. Lasley, who came here in the fall of 1836, and he continued iu 
 trade for many years. In 1830 Joseph Daily built a post near Rodger's foundry- 
 site, which he sold in '34 to Louis B. Baddeau. (ieo. ("ampan started the fur trade 
 in 1833. continuing for a couple of years. Mr. Baddeau took out a pre-emption 
 claim in '3") and made a regular entry of his tract in "^'.l, which is to-day in the heart of 
 the city. Joseph Troutier built a trading post in 1835, which he occupied for several; 
 years. This was l-cated near the Swan, White & Smith mill site. Martin Ryerson 
 came iu May, '36, clerked three years for Troutier, then for Theo. Newell, who 
 had come in '36, and in '39 Mr. Ryerson engaged in the Indian trade. Heiry Pen- 
 oyer located at the moiith of Muskegon lake in '36: Geo. W. Walton came to 
 Muskegon. in '37; J. H. Ford came in '37 and Iniilt the mill at the mouth at Bear- 
 lake; Thos. W. Dill sto])ped here for a time in '37, lesided at Mill Iron Point in '38.. 
 w'here was born his daughter Minerva, now Mrs. Curry; Isaac D. Merrill settled 
 here in '39: Geo. B. Woodbury and Geo. Ruddiman, 1840; John Ruddiman, S. J- 
 Green, J. H. Knickerbocker and Richard Ryerson, '43; i^lias W. Merrill. '44; R. W. 
 Moi-ris and A. B. Fornuui, '45; Jas. E. Graham, '46; Alf. A. Maxim came here witlv 
 wagon and oxen in '43 and engaged in lumbering in this vicinity. The late Majoi~ 
 Chauncey Davis came here 1848 and opened a large general store, also engaging iii 
 the shipment of lumber, shingles, etc., and was prominently connected with this^ 
 place until his death in 1887. 
 
 These, so far as we can learn, were all the settlers before 1850, in this im- 
 mediate vicinity, and as several of the above remained l)ut a short time, it Avill be 
 seen that the development was small when Muskegon was first platted bv Theo. 
 Newell in 1849. Muskegon (as the township was lirst known) Avas organized in- 
 1837, comprising the present area of three townships. Township oflicers were 
 elected in '38, by common consent, and the following year 30 votes were cast in the^ 
 above area, covering these three townships of the ])resent county. 
 
 TOWN AND COUNTY OF MUSKEGON. 
 
 The Town of Muskegon was originally part of Ottawa County, and comprised 
 3 town.ships of land, being 18 miles long and 6 miles wide. The first town meeting 
 was held at the hou.-^e of Newell Wilcox, April 2d, 1838, when the following offi- 
 cers were chosen: Erastus Piper, supervisor; Theo. Newell, town clerk; John 
 Richards, collector; Christopher Fryzine, David Piper and Erastus Wilcox, as.^ess- 
 ors; Wm. C. Vanosdal, Henry Penoyer and Theo. Newell, commissioners of 
 highways; Lyman Fish and L. B. Baddeau, inspectors of poor; David Piper, Benj. 
 H. Wheelock, Lyman Fish, justices of the peace; John Richards, James Greer, 
 Phelix P. Buttertield, James Stronach, constables. The original I'ecords do not 
 show the number of voters at this election, but tlie following year 30 votes were 
 found in this district. 
 
 Muskegon County was taken fiom Ottawa by an act of Legislature, Feb. 4, 
 1859. It is 24 miles from north to south, and the average width isal)0ut 22 miles- 
 
18 
 
 'The first electiou of connlj' officers was held April 4, 1859. Tl:e count}' officers en- 
 teriug upon their active duties June 1, of that year. The population of the county 
 in 1860 was 3,947; "70, 14,894; '80, 26,598; '90, 39,978. Muskegon county is located 
 near the center of the western boundary of the Lower Peninsula, has an area of 
 332,800 acres, is diversified with small lakes and beautiful scenery along the shore 
 of Lake Michigan. It is the center of the fruit belt and has fairly productive soil, 
 many places being of superior grades. Muskegon and adjoining counties have 
 been stripped of tlieir primitive forests, are rapidly being developed into farms, 
 vineyards, and orchards. Much of the soil is well adapted to corn and the small 
 'Cereals ; potatoes, onions, sugar beets, parsnips and celery. The entire line of 
 vegetables raised here are remarkable for fine quality and Avith intelligent culture 
 are highly profitable; persons of large experience in sweet potato culture predict 
 that these can be made highly remunerative, as they can doubtless be grown to 
 perfect maturity, throughout the fruit belt. Apples, peaches and plums grow to 
 perfection and hold first grade in all the great fruit markets. Grajies, berries, 
 currants, and all the small fruits, either wild or cultivated, are unusually prolific 
 in this soil and climate. Timothy, clover and other grasses appear natural to the 
 soil and respond liberally to cultivation. 
 
 County Groveruiuent. — The Muskegon county court house, which was erected 
 in 1869, at a cost of $68,000, was burned in the great fire of 1^891, and the new build- 
 
 WESTfRN AVENUE, WEST FROM TERRACE. 
 
I'J 
 
 ing, now approaching completion on the same li)t on Terrace street, will cost about 
 $100,000. The basement is of Marquette stone anil tiic superstructure of Portage 
 red stone, a handsome clock tower rises 140 feet ffom the ground and the l)ull(iing 
 throughout is fii'st-class in every particular. During the erection court has Ijeen 
 held in the eitj' hall and the county otHcers have been scatteretl in various 
 buildings. With its couipletit)n coiuniotlious oHices will be assigned to each of the 
 county officials, and Muskegon can then Ijoast of a court house wliich will Ijear 
 favoral)le comparison with any in tiie west. 
 
 Uircuit Judges. — When Muskegon county was organized, Fhivius J. Littlejohn, 
 of Allegan, was judge of this judicial disti'ict, and continued to officiate until his 
 death. Moses B. Hopkins, of Grand Haven, succeeded iu August, '67, and continued 
 through '69. Jabez G. Sutherland held court January, '70, but the April term was 
 opened by Augustine H. Giddings, of Newaygo, who served up to June, '76 and 
 died tlie following winter. Michael Brown, of Big Rapids, succeeded February, 
 '77, resigning after four years' service. Fred. J. Russell, of Hart, was appointed 
 to fill the vacancy, and in '81 elected for a six years' term. 
 
 Hon. Albert Dickerman, who succeeded to the bench January, '88, is a native 
 of Delaware county, N. Y., graduated from the Union Law School of Cleveland in 
 '66, and the same year located in Hillsdale, Mich. He served as circuit court 
 commissioner of Hillsdale County four jears, probate judge four years and state 
 senator '81-3, being a member of the judiciary com., and removed to Muskegon in 
 '83. He was elected in '87 for a six years' term as judge of the 14th judicial circuit. 
 Sheriffs. — At the lirst election for county officers April 4, 18.59, Jas. H. Lobdcdl was 
 chosen as sheriff, and succeeded by T. S. Davis, '63; S. J. Ackerman, "67; A. M. De 
 Clercq, '69; A. B, Miner, '71; Wm. Ryan, '75; T. F. Waters, '79; Timothy Bresna- 
 han, '83; Nels. P. Nelson, '87; Wheeler Hancock, '91. 
 
 Wtn. H. Smith Vi-AS appointed under-sheritf by Wheeler Hancock, and when his 
 superior died, August 5, 1891, he succeeded to the office. Mr. Smith has resided 
 in this county since 1888, having been engaged in a dour mill and otherwise at Ra- 
 venna prior to his appointment in the sheriff's office. 
 
 Sheriff's Residence and Jail. — The new jail aud residence for the sheriff, which 
 was completed early this year on Muskegon avenue, near Pine street, is as hand- 
 some a building as can be found anywhere for jail purposes. We present photo- 
 graphic cut elsewhere giving on e view of this fine structure, although it is difficult 
 to convey correct impressions of residence architecture from a single view. The 
 building is 66x88 feet, two stories iu height, solidly constructed of brick, stone and 
 iron. The jail has 29 cells, with room for half as many more. The sheriff's resi- 
 dence is provided with all modern improvements and commodious office apart- 
 ments, the entire structure costing about $30,000. 
 
 Registers. — The first register of this county was C. D. Nelson, succeeded by H. 
 J. Pemberton, '63; D. C. Carpenter, '67, died, and David McLaughlin, appointed 
 April, '67, elected for live successive terms; E«lw. S. Latimer, '79; Jas. B. Lee, '83; 
 C S. Dodge, '87. and the present incumbent, '91. 
 
 Sanfortl H. Watson was born at Springwater, N. Y., 1852, and was brought to 
 Muskegon County when three years old, since which time he has always 
 resided in this county. He was engaged iu the luml)er business for a number of 
 years, but prior to coming to Muskegon in December, '90, was attending to his 
 farm on White River. Miss Kate McShanuock has been assistant in the register's 
 office since 1886. 
 
20 
 
 County Clerks.— K. H. Wylie was elected elevk in "59, and succeeded l>y Ira O. 
 Smith, '61; H. J. Pemberton, '63; D C. Carpenter, '67; David McLaughlin; app. 
 and elected in '67; Geo. Wheeler, '77; .John Tate, '79; G. S. Lovelace, '89, and the 
 present incuml)ent, '91. 
 
 Tate Starke was born in Richmond, Va., educated in the seminaries and col- 
 leges of his native state. He came to Muskegon in 1879, and was in the railroad 
 offices until he accepted a position as bookkeeper of the Thayer Lumber Co, in '81, 
 and for several years past has ofHciated as salesman. He served as alderman from 
 the sixth ward for two years, is at present member of the board of public Axorks. 
 Jos. E. Hanna, of Mason. Mich., who has for four years past been a law student, 
 officiates as deputy clerk. 
 
 County Treasurers.— Jos. D. Davis was succeeded in "03 Ijy T. J. Rand; S. C. 
 Hall, '65; Ezra Stevens, '69; Martin Perley, '71; J. H. Hackley, '73; C. H. Cook, '75; 
 C. T. Hills. '77; R. S. Thompson, '79; H. S. Henderson, '83; C. P. Kingsbury, '85; 
 Martin Waalkes, '87; S. S. Morris, "89; H. J. Van Zalingen, who has been county 
 treasurer for two yeai's past, is a native of Grand Rapids, in Muskegon from child- 
 hood, and in the hardware trade since 1876. He is present manager of the Muske- 
 gon Hardware Co. 
 
 P7-ose<:7iting Attorneys. — Kenvy H. Holt was first elected as prosecuting attor- 
 ney, Edwin Potter succeeding in '63; Duane Thompson, '67; Francis Smith, '73; 
 Andrew McReynolds, '75; Nelson De Long, '77; M. L. Stephens, '79; De Long 
 again, '81; Geo. Carter, '83; H. L. Delano. '85, (he having also served out the last 
 six months of De Long's second term and a part of Carter's term;) J. C. Mc- 
 Laughlin, '87, and W. J. Turner, the present incumbent, entered upon the duties 
 of the office January, '91. 
 
 County Coroners. — E. A. Partridge and T. S. Davis were elected coroners in 
 1859, and were succeeded by A. B. Brooks and J. A. Wheeler in 1861 ; Horace Jones, 
 
 A REPRESENTATIVE MUSKEGON MILL. 
 
21 
 
 R. W. JNIorris, W:]-. H. K. Hulhrouk, .Jdin Welsh, 'O.'); (i. li. VVoodlxiry. A. B. Fir- 
 man, '67; E. N. Van Baalcn, C. M. Mills, "09; Clias. G. Arclit-i-, A. B. Firman, '71; 
 E. N. Van Haalen, John (Jrossnian, '73; Geo. Moog, Jas. Halbirnic, '75; J. H. War- 
 ner, Elisha McCoy, '79; Goo. Moog, J. I). Vanderwcrp, "81; Ge(). Moog, C. J. 
 Dove, '83; J. D. Vantlerwerp, C. E. Koon, '85; J. 1). Vaiulerwerp, W. H. Nicli- 
 olson, '87; Henry Hull, E. N. Van Baalen, '89; J. E. Bergeron and W. H. 
 Lolxlell, '91. 
 
 Probate Judges.— Jesse D. Pullman was elected pi obate Judge in 1859, and .suc- 
 ceeded by W. F. Wood, '05; E. H. Wylie, appointed in '05 and elected for three 
 suece.ssive terms; Orriu Whitney succeeded in '85. 
 
 Stephen A. Aklrich, a native of Calhoun County, Mich., has resided in this 
 county since 1805, and was in agricultural pursuits prior to his election as probate 
 judge in 1888. Nellie Conkliu has been deputy for 10 years past and for 4 years 
 has also been deputy to county clerk. 
 
 CITY DEVELOPMENT. 
 
 Practically speaking, the town of Muskegon was uidjorn at the Ijeginning of 
 the late war. To be sure, a goodly number of mills had been started, and there 
 was a nucleus, but no preconcerted attempt had Deen made to make a permanent 
 town prior to that time. Early in 1861 tlie village was incorporated, and on July 
 8th the following otTicers elected: L. G. Mason, president; E. Potter, R. W. Mor- 
 ris, C. P. Bigelow and Tlios. Mills, trustees; Robt. McQueen, recorder: C. D. Nel- 
 son, treasurer; Luman Hamblin, marshal, and Henry H. Holt, attorney. The suc- 
 cession. of presidents was S. B. Peck, 1802-3; Joseph H. Hackley, '04-6; E. W. Mer- 
 rill, '67; Benj. L. Piper, 1868-9. 
 
 The population had inerease<l to 6,002 in 1870, and Marcli 7th, that year, a city 
 government began. These figures had been nearly doubled when the census of 
 1880 was taken, and the record showed 11,262 inhabitants. Notwithstanding this 
 phenomenal growth, 1890 gave even a better showing, and 22,668 inhabitants were 
 found in the city, giving an increase of over 100 per cent, in ten years. Only fif- 
 teen cities in the United States having as great a population in 1880 as Muskegon 
 douljled their population within the census decade ending 1890. Lincoln and 
 Omaha, Neb., St. Paul and Minneapolis, Minn., and Denver; Col., have tripled 
 the figures of 1880. Nineteen towns with less than 5,000 in 1880 had from 12,000 
 to 30,000 in 1890. Some of these are boom cities of mushroom growth, and will 
 probably not show more in 1900 than they did in 1880. 
 
 INluskegon's present population, including the suburban villages of Muskegon 
 Heights, North Muskegon, Lake Harbor and other sul)url)an surroundings, prop- 
 erly belonging to the development of this city, is about 30,000. As the timber is 
 fast disappearing, her future permanency must largely depend upon diversified 
 manufacturing, and Avith the end in view of promoting industrial pursuits this 
 pamphlet has been compiled. Every page contains some information worthy of 
 consideration, and the whole taken together, presents incontrovertible proof that, 
 considering all conditions and material features, there is no better place in the 
 wide world than Muskegon for general manufacturing, or for plea.sant homes 
 with healthful surroundings and superior educational advantages up to a college 
 course. Look at our geographical position near the center of the great lakes 
 basin; consider our nearness to the homes of ten millions of people, the boundless 
 supplies of raw mateiMal for the leading lines of manufacture at our conunand, 
 
our unsurpassed harbor and fa\oral)le position on the eastern shore of Lake 
 Michigan and tlien decide whether a supei'ior location can be found in America. 
 
 CITY GOVERNMENT. 
 
 The City Hall, headciuarters for the municipal government, was completed in 
 1882, at a cost of about $25,030. It is a plain but commodious brick structure, 
 fronting 66 feet on Clay avenue and extending 133 feet on Jefferson street. The 
 city lockup occupies the basement. On the first floor, in addition to the principal 
 city offices, headquarters for the police and fire departments, rooms for the hook 
 and ladder, steamer, chemical engine and one hose comi)any are found. The 
 second floor contains a large council chamber, convenient committee rooms and 
 offices for the surveyor and assessor. 
 
 Police Department. — Muskegon's police department is composed of 16 patrol- 
 men, under charge of Chief Thomas Murph_v, an old resident of the city, formerly 
 conductor, and subseqiTentl^y division superintendent of the C. & W. M. R. R. Mr. 
 Murphy. Avhile acting as chief of police for five years past, has become well known 
 to our people, and is held in respectful fear by transgressors of the law. 
 
 Fire Department. — Efficient protection from fire is an essential element in 
 every growing city. With the present powerful Avater pressure, the Muskegon 
 force is able to do good work contending with fires. The fire department has 5 
 hose carts, a hook and ladder outfit, each with a company of 6 men; a chemical 
 fire engine, with 3 men; a Silsby steam fire engine; more than a score of fine 
 horses; 13,000 feet of hose and numerous other adjuncts necessary to make up a 
 complete outfit. There are five stations situated in convenient buildings, and an 
 electric alarm system. The average number of fires is almut 200 per year. The 
 
 BOX FACTORY, DOCKS. ETC. 
 
28 
 
 force is in rliartje of Jaiucs P. Fulloii, :i iiutivc of Soiilliiiijiloii, Conn. He has re- 
 sicU'il in Muskegon for the jjust 15 years, and been with tlie lire department since 
 June, 1880. Mr. i-allon was appointed cliief in 1887. He is furnished witli a horse 
 and buggy with wliieii lie makes quick trips to tires, and tliorougidy understands 
 how to get good service out of tlit force under iiis command. Tiie city takes just 
 pride in the efficieucy of its fire department. 
 
 Water Works. — For sanitary and many otiier reasons, a pure and Ijoundless 
 supply of water is of vital importance to any city. Until re:-ently, Muskegon 
 coukl make no special claim in that direction. Tlie i-ity was supplied by a series 
 of drive wells operateil on the Vergennes system. The phmt owned by the city 
 had 35 miles of water mains, and. prior to the recent improvements, had cost 
 about $225,000. The new i)umping station, shown on another i)age, was com- 
 pleted for work October, 1891, and is equi])pc(l with dui)licatc Holly vertical 
 pumps, each having capacity of lifting 4,000,000 gallons j)er day, and capable, ou 
 very short notice, of giving extra pressure for lire service. The intake pipe at a 
 cost of about $50,000, was extended 4 000 feet into Lake Michigan, Avhere with 
 proper crib and strainer, submerged 40 feet below the surface, it draws from an 
 unlimited supply of the purest lake water. The new ))lant, costing $250,000, is 
 supplied with 3 huge boilers, a 100 light incande-^cent dynamo and every necessary- 
 adjunct for efficient service. The pumping station is in charge of A. A. Green, 
 as chief engineer, with four assistants. The sj'stem has now over 35 miles of 
 mains and laterals, 450 tire plugs, and furnishes 2,500 consumers. With present 
 advantages the plant coidd furnish water by meter for motor ))ower, as low as. 
 iiuy works in the country, and small manufacturing enter])rises be supplied at 
 advantageous rates. 
 
 Sttpl. Win. Dixon has been a resident of Muskegon over 30 years. He is a 
 native of Oswego, New York, and after acquiring the machinist trade, operated 
 as engineer in mills and steand)oats for some time. He was engaged in the furni- 
 ture trade just prior to accepting the superintendence of the water works. Much 
 of the efficiency of the present water system is attril)utable to his skill in superin- 
 tending the construction of the new plant and placing of mains. 
 
 Buard of Public Works. — A board of public works, composed of seven mem- 
 bers, has charge of the police, fire, water, and health departments; buildings and 
 other public improvements. The mayor is ex-officio pi'esident; William Brinen, 
 president pro teni; Tate Starke, W. F. Ninnemann, W. H. Barney, James Bal" 
 birnie and H. Cummings, complete the Board, all tried and well-known citizens of 
 Muskegon, who have been found to have the puljlic weal at heart. John Kuppen- 
 heimer, who has officiated as clerk of the board for 5 years jiast, is a native of 
 Germany, 12 years in INluskegon and in the mercantile trade for some 3'^eai's. 
 
 Mayors. — At the lirst election for city officials, held AprU 4, 1870. Major Chaun- 
 cey Davis was chosen, and re-elected in "72; Jos. Ireland. "71 ;H. H. Getty, '73; S. 
 H. Wagner, '74; W^m. Glue, '75; O. P. Pillsbury, '76-7; H. H. Holt, '78-9; Francis 
 Jiroch, '80-1: Nelson De Long, '83-3; Francis W. Cook. '84; S. H. Steven.s, '85; L. G. 
 Mason, '86; John Torrent, "87-8; Martin Waalkes, '89-91. 
 
 James Goiv, who has officiated as mayor of Muskegon since April last, is :i 
 native of Chippewa, Canada, residing in this city since Sept. '66, and engaged in 
 lumbering. With John Campbell, he owns a well-equi])ped ;:aw mill in North 
 Muskegon, antl is largely interested in the norili side suburb as well as in this 
 citv. 
 
24 
 
 €ity Recoi-ders.— C. C. Cli!iinl)erlaiii was elected in 1870-1; Geo. F. Outhwaite, 
 '72; Jas. S. Campbell, '73; Daii'l. J. Moriavty. '74-7; Frank Wood, '78-9; Edgar W. 
 Thayer, '80-5; John Hnlst, '8G; H. E. Kingsbnry, '88-90; M. R. Stevens, app. '91. 
 
 Geo. H. McKillip, who was elected last April, is a native of Traverse City and 
 'for 35 yeai's past a resident of Muskegon. After attending the union school of this 
 •city he engaged in lumbering, serving as inspector for several years prior to be- 
 coming recorder. He wears ins honors easily 'and gives strict attention to the 
 duties of the office. Miss Alice Brandt, a native of Muskegon, has been assistant 
 in the recorder's office for 5 years past. 
 
 City Treasui'ers. — A. C. Truesdell was elected treasurer '70-1; Squire Davis, '72; 
 Peter LansilV, '73; Uriah Culbert, '74; Jacob Helz, '75-8; Matthew Wilsoa, '79-81, S. 
 A. Hofstra, '82; M. J. Moriarty, '83-4; Rollin S. Thompson, '85; Wm. B. Cutter, 
 '86 87; James (iow, '88; S. H. Stevens, '89-90; Leonard Eyke, '91. 
 
 Wni. F. Wiselogel, who was elected last April as city treasurer, was born in 
 Massillon, Ohio, and for 23 years ])ast has been connected with the phming mill 
 
 FIRST BAPTIST CHURCH 
 
25 
 
 business. He is proiniiiciU in scn-rct society circles, and has served two terms as 
 alderman from the second ward. Mrs. W. F. Wi.selojrcl is depnty treasurer, Avitli 
 other assistants as required. 
 
 City Atloriieys.— Francis Smith was city attorney 1870-1; H.J. Hoyt, '72, '78; 
 Wm. C. Odell, '73; James Snow, .'74-5; Henry Slater, '76; F. W. Cook, '77; A. B. 
 Allen. -80; K. K. Bunker, '82-3, 'SG; S. H. Clink, '84; C. W. Sessions, '88; N. DeLon^r, 
 '89-!) 1. 
 
 Wm. Carpenter, the present city attoi'nej', officiated in 1885 and again in '87, now 
 holding the oUlce for tlie third time. He was born in Chautauqua Co., N. Y., re- 
 moved to this state in childhood, graduated from the literary department of the 
 Michigan University in 1877 and the law department in 1880, locating at once in 
 Muskegon. He served as probate judge, '82-5. 
 
 City Assessor. — Wm. McLaughlin, who officiates as city assessor was born in 
 Scotland, in 1841, and emigrated to America in '53. He located in this city in 
 1867, was for several years in mercantile trade and for some time past has been in 
 official positions, having been elected to the assessor's office in April, 1890. 
 
 City Surveyor. — J. B. Smalley is also county surveyor and will be noticed under 
 that head. The Stevens and other private sewers have sufficed for urgent needs 
 until the pi-eseut season. A large main sewer has recently been located from the 
 foot of Eleventh street, running diagonally across the city to Third and Jefferson; 
 another extends about a mile on Spring street, and these with laterals will meet 
 the pressing wants of city sewerage. 
 
 EDUCATIONAL INTERESTS. 
 
 The Press. — Among the great educators of the masses the public press takes 
 a high standing, as the family paper or magazine is perused by both j'oung and 
 old. All that claims our attention at this time however, is the local press of 
 Muskegon. 
 
 Republican Papers. — The first newspaper published in this place was the Jour- 
 nal, by M. V. B. Cowin & Co., June 26, 1857. Thos. H. Hodder soon after became a 
 partner and the paper suspended after a few months. In 1859, F. B. Lee & Co. 
 started the Repiorter, which lived 51 years. Aug. 20, '64, the Muskegon News was 
 started by John Bole, who a few months later sold to W. H. Gardner, and he iu 
 March, "Go, to Ferdinand VVeller. The latter bought the Reporter office as well, 
 and revived that paper, after a time, uniting the two as the News and Reporter. 
 In 1869 it was purchased by Geo. C. Rice and the name changed to 
 
 Muf'kegon Chronicle. — After Mr. Rice's death, May 31, '74, his wiilow sold to O. 
 B. Curtis, who in Feb. '78, was succeeded ])y W. M. Harford, who founded the 
 Daily Chronicle, May 19, '79. The Journal was started Dec, '77, by R. R. Jolm- 
 son, who sold to J. G. Campbell, in '79. and he to the Chronicle office in 1882. 
 Sept. '81, the Chronicle was purchased by McKay & Dana of Belpre, O. D. ('. 
 McKay retired from the paper July 1, '85, and Wm. J. Stekete, who for some time 
 had been on the Chronicle force, Ijecame a partner witli Kdw. B. Dana, creating 
 the present firm of Dana & Stekete. The daily was started as a 4 column, 4 page 
 paper, and is now 8 pages of 6 columns, puljlished every week day evening, witli 
 good circulation. Tlie job printing and Ijookbiiuling facilities of the Chronicle hyh 
 not excelled by any in the city. 
 
 T^emocratic Papers. — The Telegraph was started in 1867. 1)}' A. G. Blood, as a 
 democratic paijcr. The office burned in '()9 and tlio pap(M- suspended. Jan. "69. I. 
 
26 
 
 Kansom Saiit'urd, coiumeiiced the Enterprise, which came into the charge of Levi 
 Beardsley, in '72, shortly after Avhich tlie name was changed to Oazetle & Bulletin. 
 This was purchased in Sept., '73, by Chas. S. Hilbourn, who again changed tlie 
 name to Lakeside Register and after a short time suspended puljlication. 
 
 The Morning News. —The Neivs-Rejiorter was reviveil as an independent paper 
 li.V F. Weller in Aug . "70 and liaving espoused the Greeley cause in '72, continued 
 democratic thereafter, the name of tlie weekly still being News- Reporter. The 
 Morning News (daily) was started by Mr. Weller in '82, who continued as proprie- 
 tor until the plant was purchased by H. G. Wanty and S. E. Manning, Mar. 16, 
 1889. The News is the only morning paper published nearer than Grand Rapids 
 and has a good circulation. It appears every morning but Monda}^ The plant is 
 thoroughly equipj)ed for job work, ruling, bookbinding, etc., giving employment 
 to a considerable force of Avorkmen. 
 
 Other Papers. — Among numerous short lived papers here, we may name the 
 Lakeside Weekly by Judson & Co.; tlie Litmherman by Wait & Co.; Daily Times, . 
 1880, liy Alfred Perrin; Sentinel, '80, by A. B. Wood, who later published the 
 Social Drift; Evening Mail, Feb. '82, by Hilbourn & Smith, and later by W. G. 
 Cameron; Working man's Journal (daily) was commenced in "82, and continued 4 
 years, when it was purchased by Frank Bracelin and others, name changed to the 
 Democrat, and its publication soon afterwards suspended. The Monitor was started 
 as an advocate of labor interests in '88 and soon suspended. 
 
 The Monitor, Swedish paper, started as the Michigan Post, May 20, '90, by the 
 Swetlish PulilishingCo., November following went into the bauds of Nilson & Or- 
 bom and June, '91, Andrew Nilson liecame sole proprietor. The ottice is located 
 in rear of 104 W. Western avenue. It has a good circulation among the Swedes 
 
 VIEW IN EVERGREEN CEMETERY. 
 
27 
 
 licrc, will) are an industrious people. Tlie Freie jP7*eS6'e (German) K. Diierr. editor, 
 was started in 1891, and at present writing is suspended. 
 
 Wood Printing House. — lu addition to Nevvspai)er office-!, Muskegon has good 
 facilities for prod'ucing job work. The late A. D. Wood commenced job printing 
 in 1880 and eontinueil toaibl to the ollicefrom time to time, until his death, Oct. 8, 
 "88. since which the business has been in charge of his widow, Mrs. M. E. Wood, 
 under ihesuperintendeuceof Wm. S. Decker. The office at 104 W. Western avenue 
 is Avell lilted for comniei'cial job printing. 
 
 Hilbourn & Smiih, former pulilishers and printer.s, opened a jol)biiig 
 office at No. 13 Terrace street, in 1885, where they have a good trade in pamphlet 
 and other commercial work. C. S. Hilbourn was publisher of the Lakeside Regis- 
 ter in 1873. Jas. L. Smith is a job printer of many years experience, and both 
 partners give personal attention to the duties of the office. 
 
 Muskegon Publishing Co. — At No. 23 Terrace street are the commodious rooms 
 of the Muskegon Publishing Co., started Feb., '91, by Chas. H. Hopkins, with de- 
 sign of catering to the fastidious trade. The plant is fitted with modern fa es of 
 type, new^ machinery and material throughout, for the production of a high grade 
 of work, both in printing and engraving. The partners, C. H. Hopkins and L. E. 
 Can Held are young men, but both are practical workmen and intend to keep 
 abreast of the times in their line 
 
 Book Bindei-y —A. Cloetingh, a native of Netherlands, who commenced the 
 bookbinder's trade in 18r)0, came to America 27 years ago, and served for several 
 years as foreman of the Muskegon Chronicle bindery. Jno. R. Cloetingh learned 
 the business with his father, completing his trade in Chicago. A. Cloetingh & Son 
 opened rooms devoted exclusively to the binding business, May, '91, at corner of 
 Terrace street and Western avenue, where they have a well-equipped bindery. 
 
 Early Schools. — The first school in Muskegon was opened in 1848, by Miss 
 Clark, at the residence of Chas. Martin. The following year a school-house was 
 built by sul)scription, at corner of Clay avenue and Terrace street, size 20x30 feet> 
 cost $300. This served not only for schools, but as a place of religious worshi]) for 
 several years. Wm. D. Holt was teacher of the public school, 1849-50; Miss 
 Roberts, (afterwards Mrs, Frank Cole) taught the following winter. The re- 
 modeled residence of L. G. Masou w^as Ituilt on the site of the present Hackley 
 school in 1860. The union of the Upper and Lower town districts, effected at that 
 time, gave to this the name of the Uiuon school. Mrs. C T. Hills, wee Margaret Mc- 
 Intyre served as principal or assistant in the public schools for tifteen years. 
 
 Public Schools.— The promoters of Education in Michigan were early in the 
 van to .secure the benefits of free schools, and at the present time no city in the 
 state has a better regulated system for the masses than Muskegon. No expense 
 has been spared to place within reach of the children of this city a thorough and 
 practical education. The Kindergarten system has Ijeen thoror.ghly organized 
 here: and six separate cottages erected for this purpo.se, besides rooms for this 
 system in two other schools, making eight Kindcrgarteivs in all. 
 
 The Central building, destroyed by tire DeccMuber 14, 1890. through the gener- 
 osity of Chas. H. Hackley, has been rebuilt of stone at a cost of over $80,000, and is 
 now known as the Hackley School. A new High School building, which will cost 
 about $60,000, is approaching completion, and under the efficient board of 
 education the entire school system is in Hrst-class working order. It is a credit to 
 
•28 
 
 the eiiterpi'ise of our city, aiul iuis attained a degree of exeelieucy tluit comuiaiuls 
 the admiration of every investigator. 
 
 Among those who have been particuhxrly active in perfecting the school 
 system, tlie hite Hon. David McLaughlin, whose portrait appears upon another 
 page, should be kindly remendiei'ed. After service on the board for twenty-tive 
 successive years, he resigned Feb., '91, on account of declining health, and 
 succumbed to disease March 29, following. 
 
 C. H. Hackley, who has several times been a member of the board, after the 
 Central Schcol burned, submitted a proposition that, if the city would authorize 
 an issue of $75,000 bonds, bearing interest at 5 per cent., to run 50 years, for the 
 erection of a new building, he would 'take these bonds at par and furnish the 
 money as needed." In addition to this, Mr. Hackley donated the entire issue of 
 the bonds to the public schools, "the interest of which is to be devoted to main- 
 taining the current expenses of the Hackley Public Library forever." These 
 propositions were gratefully accepted by the people, and the bonds authorized bj'^ 
 city election April 14, 1891. 
 
 The total enrollment of the Muskegon public schools for the j'ear ending June 
 '92 was 5,287, an increase of 230 over the preceding year. The average attendance 
 was 3,527, and the annual cost of educational facilities, $13 75 per scholar. There 
 are 8 brick and 9 frame school structures, the Hackley stone building and 
 Kindergartens before mentioned, the total value of school property footing over 
 $600,000. 
 
 Prof. David Mackenzie, of Detroit, who, with the present school term 
 succeeded Prof. G. C. Fisher as superintendent, graduated with the degree of A. M. 
 from the Miciiigan. University in 1881, having since been in school work, Prof. 
 Mackenzie, for nine years past, has been superintendent of the public schools at 
 Flint, and his opening work here has marked him as a practical educator with 
 
 MORTON MANUFACTURING COMPANY. 
 
29 
 
 advanced ideas. The school year is 10 months, and the superintendent receives 
 $2,100 salarJ^ About 115 teachers are employed. The school census of September, 
 •\}i, shows 7,882. 
 
 The High Scho'ol. — With the growing intelligcnco of the people, the advanced 
 grades of the public si^hools have been elevated from year to year, until the 
 Mu,skeg()n Higli School now takes the place of the academy, and its graduates are 
 admitted without further preparation, to all departments of the Michigan 
 University. The ncAv High School building is ai)proaching completion, and next 
 year every facility will be afforded in that direction. The enrollment for the 
 ]tre.sent term shows about 225 students, undercharge of Prof. J. H. Sheffield and 
 (> assistants. Prof. Sheffield was born at Worchester, Mass., and graduated A. B. 
 from Harvard College, in 1883, since which time he has been continuously engaged 
 in high school work, coming from Manistee to Muskegon in 1889. 
 
 BJufflon School. — Cyrus E. Larkin, princip:il, was born in Niagara Co., N. Y.,. 
 attended high school in Northville, Mich., and commenced teaching in 1878. Prof. 
 Larkin has taught for 13 years, having taken charge of the Bluffton school Sept. 2, 
 '89. He is assisted by Miss Agnes Johnson. Other schools noticed on later page. 
 
 The Board of Education is as follows: C. H. Hackley, Pres.;K. E. Bunker 
 Sec; Lewis Kanitz, Treas.; Matthew Wilson, F. A. Nims and F. W. Garber. 
 Timothj' Cramer, a resident of Muskegon for 25 years, and welhkuowu builder, 
 has, for four years past officiated as superintendent of buildings, industriously 
 giving his entire time to that work. 
 
 BUSINESS COLLEGE, ETC. 
 
 Fen-is Busmess College. — Practical business education has grown very rai^idly 
 in popular favor within the last 25 years, and good colleges of this kind have be- 
 come so numerous that young people of either sex can readily avail themselves of 
 these facilities. The time has come when a young lady or gentleman can scarcely 
 afford to enter upon the active duties of life Avithout first having obtained a 
 practical business education. Muskegon presents good advantages in this 
 direction. Board can be obtained at reasonable rates in healthful and pleasant 
 places, and the equable weather of this climate is favorable to stud,y the entire 
 year. 
 
 The Ferris Business College was founded in 1887, by Prof. W. N. Ferris, 
 principal of the Big Rapids Industrial school, a practical educator of life-long ex- 
 perience. The college has not escaped adver.se circumstances, but under the 
 present management, which commenced July 1, 1890, has been reorganized and 
 now has a first-class corps of teachers in all departments. Prof. E. C. Bisson, 
 principal, is a native of Port Daniel, Canada, and graduated from the Big Rapids 
 Industrial Institute in 1886. He was engaged in railroad work with the C. & W. 
 M. R. R. prior to assuming the management of the Ferris College, as above stated. 
 By his conscientious business methods and progressive .spirit Prof. Bisson has won 
 the heart}' co-operation of Muskegon people, and the college is gaining a fair pat- 
 ronage from abroad. Efficient instructions are given in business, simrthand, type- 
 writing, penmanship, and the English branches, with special reference to fitting 
 students for teaching. Recently French, German, Latin and Greek have been 
 added to the course, and are in the hands of successful teachers. Students can he 
 admitted at any time of the j'ear and rates are reasonable. The i^rincipal will be 
 glad to furni.sh circulars and other desired information on the subject on applica- 
 
30 
 
 tion. Rooms occupied, are over the Union National Bank cor. Western avenue 
 and First street. They are well lighted, and lilted with every necessarj^ adjunct 
 to facilitate instruction. 
 
 The equipment of the Ferris Business Colleo^e is admirable in all respects and 
 Muskegon people may well be proud of thi« institution, where any young person 
 can secure a practical education that prepares for prompt success in the business 
 world. A large number of graduates from this school are already in business as 
 bookkeepers, cashiers, salesmen and proprietors. The shorthand department is 
 fully up to the best schools of its kind. The system taught is Graham Common 
 English, together with practical office training. Any student with a recommend 
 from this depurtmeiit of the Ferris Business College is sure of a paying position in 
 his chosen field. In the typewriting department the Remington is used exclusively 
 and much pains taken to make practical operators. The same care prevails in the 
 English and Penmanship course, and alltogether this college, under present man- 
 agement, presents unexcelled advantages for a 1)usiness education. 
 
 HACKLEY PUBLIC LIBRARY. 
 
31 
 
 HACKLEY PUBLIC LIBRARY. 
 
 This building, rcpresciitcul on ()])])(jsite i)age, is a massive structure of Komanes- 
 que style, of gray :uul brown granite; symmetrically arranged from plans drawn 
 by Patton and Fisher of Chicago. The pi-incely sum of $100,000 was reliuqnished 
 on May !35, 1888, to the Muskegon Hoard of Eilucation (by C. H. Hackley, inen- 
 tioned under Hackley & Hume) in trust forever, for the founding of this enter- 
 l)rise. The corner-stone was laid one year later and the building dedicated Oct. 
 15, '90. It cost, with furnishings, $104,000 and its generous donor added $25,000 to 
 the original gift, to purchase the present library of about 20,000 volumes. The 
 conditions of the gift provided for the proper care of the library and that it be 
 kept open to the public without charge. It is heated b}^ water, the arrangement 
 being largely automatic, and with several cold air chambers the temperature is 
 easily kep even by its janitor, Lyman E. Patton, who is an experienced engineer. 
 The library is illuminated by 412 electric lights. The stairways ai'e iron and mar- 
 ble. The main entrance is of elegant design surmounted by a handsome arch of 
 granite, in which is carved "Hackley Public Library." The combination of gables 
 and windows, well wrought columns of granite, both inside and out, with superb 
 furnishings, produce an effect of grandeur and harmony of design not easily 
 effaced from the memory. The library is in charge of Julia S. Wood, who served 
 three years as chief assistant, prior to her promotion to librarian, in Jidy last. 
 She is assisted by Maggie R. Clark and several pages. 
 
 Charles Henry Hackle^s to whom Muskegon is under obligation for inanj- 
 faA'ors, in addition to the above noble structure, was born Jan. 3, 1837, at Michi- 
 gan City, Ind., and removed in boyhood to Kenosha, Wis., where he received a 
 common school education. He assisted his father in railroad contract work until 
 19 yeai's of age when he worked a passage, on the schooner Challenge, to Muske- 
 gon; arriving here April 17, 1856, with small means. Natui'ally industrious he 
 promptly seciired work and when winter came his salary, as scaler of logs, w-as 
 raised to $30 per month. By advice of his employees, Durkee, Trusdell & Co., he 
 returned to Kenosha the following winter and took a commercial course. He 
 came back to Muskegon in 1859, was employed as bookkeeper for a time ami then 
 commenced his career as a lumberman, noted under heading of Hackley & Hume. 
 B}' industry and business tact Mr. Hackley rapidly rose to affluence and now en- 
 joys a wide distinction as a philanthropist. He is prominent in banking and 
 lumbering, and his generous gifts to the city of Muskegon ai"e highly appreciated 
 bj^ the citizens of this place. As a humanitarian he has Avisely chosen to see his 
 beneficence properly applied, rather than .to leave lai'ge bequests, which, by 
 technical errors, may be diverted from the design of the giver. The Library 
 building, adjoining the Soldier's Monument, Park, Hackley School and Fountain, 
 all erected by this worthy gentleman, produce an effect of grandeur and liarmonv 
 of design, which will be monuments to his memory, long after the generous donor 
 "shall sleep the sleep that knows no waking." 
 
 U. S. GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS. 
 
 Post Office. — To accommodate the settlers of this vicinity Henry PenojJ^er, who 
 lived at Blutfton, was appointed P. M., Jan. 3, 1838. As no provision had been 
 made for a mail route till several years later, the Muskegon oflice received its 
 mail from Gi'and Haven through volunteer carriers. Mar. 7, '39, Christopher 
 
32 
 
 Fryziiic was appointed, but Nov. 11, 1840, Mr. Penoyer was re-appointed, continu- 
 ing the office until its discontinuance, Feb. 11, '47. In Mar. 1848, the office was 
 re-established in its present locality, with C. W. Walton, P. M. At that time mail 
 come once a Aveek, via Ravenna. The first year's receipts were only $36. The 
 succession of postmasters have ])een: D. W. Holbrook, April 20, '55; Jno. B. 
 Wiieeler, Dec. 12, '55; W. P. Odell, July, '57; Chas. P. Bigelow, July, '59; K. W. 
 Merrill, May. '61; J. D. Davies, Feb. 28. '63; W. W. Owen, June 30, '65; Merrill 
 again Mar. 26, '69; Luther Whitney. Feb. 24, '75; F. H. Holbrook, Feb. 5, '87. 
 
 SawAxel E. Stevens, the present P. M. was appointed Feb. 9, '91, for 4 j'ears. He 
 is a native of Rochester, N. Y., came to Muskegon July 1856, was for manj' years 
 in mercantile trade and for 16 years prior to his present appointment was in in- 
 surance business. Mr. Stevens served as supervisor before Muskegon was incor- 
 porated, was mayor in 1885, and city treasurer '89-'90. He is prominent in secret 
 societies and has been largelj' interested in Muskegon's development. 
 
 This office is second-class, with salary of $2,700; clerk hire i-anging $3,200 tO' 
 $3,400; for free del iver3r expenses about $9,000; rent and incidentals over $1,000. 
 The receipts for stamps, cards, etc., for year ending April 1, '92, was $24,623.48, an 
 increase of $2,013.92 over the preceding year, being about 9 per cent, for a single 
 year and clearly showing that Muskegon's total business is advancing. B. O. 
 Franklin officiates as money order clerk; Mabel Bond, stamp clei'k; Peter Mid- 
 der, superintendent of carriers; ' W. J. Weller, mailing clerk; F. C. Whitnej' at the 
 general delivery and W. H. Stevens, box clerk. The carriers ai'e Richard Meade, 
 No. 1; C. J. Beukema. 2; E. J. Carleton, 3; Arthur E. Brace, 4; Wm. F. Dietrich, 
 5; W. R. Watson, 6; Willis S. Webb, 7; Ferdinand Dietrich, Jr., 8; Edwin Rich, 9; 
 Nels Thompson, 10; J. Marcus Snow, C. J. Anthony, subs. Collections are made 
 from 56 boxes and the efficiency of the service is recognized by all of our citizens. 
 
 U. S. Customs. — When the lumber business here was at its acme, shipments and 
 tonnage movement was much greater than at present, as a large proportion of our 
 diversified products go by rail to distant points, while a great majority of lumber 
 shipments were made hy water. Tn the lumber traffic a reaction is clearly dis- 
 
 
 KELLY BROTHERS MANUFACTORY. 
 
eernihle, as tlio rocoipts for Ana:. '1)2 show that somo of our astute liinibermeu 
 have clisooveretl that tliis is a good point to receive, inspect, grade and i-e-sliip to 
 consumers. There are numerous reasons wliy this shouhl be made a lumber mar- 
 ket, as many skilled lumbermen reside here and abundance of unused dockage 
 can be found for this purpose. A sliare of the 750,000,000 feet of lumber that an- 
 nually tinds its way to Tonawanda, N. Y., and is thence re-shipped l)y rail to 
 southern points, could be handleil from th s place with greater pn^tit and alacrity. 
 As the timber of the interior is rapidly becoming exhausted, Muskegon can never 
 hope to regain its prestige as a lnml)er manufacturing center, and our attention 
 should be turned to the great distributing advantage-;. If this is rightly consid- 
 ered, Muskegon may still hold a prominence as a lumber market. 
 
 In 18!)0 the aggregate shipments by water from this port were 355,515,000 feet of 
 lumber; 90,808,000 shingles; 23,670,000 lalhs; 26,861 cords slabs; 800 cords sawdust; 
 5,490 bales excelsior, besides various sundries and general merchandise. In 1891 
 the shipments showed of lumber 224,986,000 feet;shiugles,9,460,000;laths,13,770,000; 
 slabs, 15,228 cords; sawdust, 3,528 cords; excelsior, 1,860 bales; sundries, 35,201 
 packages; furniture, 21,748 pkg. and 72 cars; iron, 3,374 tons and 23 cars; merchan- 
 dise, 209,270 tons. The total vessels entering and clearing for '91 was 2,887, with 
 capacity of 706 837 tons. The lumber shipment of the present year uj) to Se])t. 
 1st, was but little more than 100 million feet, while a proper care to have created a 
 market here would have doubled these figures by water transportation and largely 
 increased the freights by rail. 
 
 Justin E. Post, deputy collector, Avas appointed to his present official position 
 April 4, 1890. Dr, Post has custom house rooms at No. 36, in the Mason block, 
 adjoining his dental office. MoUj' Emerson, assistant. 
 
 U. S. Coiiiini.ssioner. — The U. S. Circuit Court Comr. who officiates in this 
 county is Rodei ick J. Macdonald at No. 89 W. Western avenue. He is a native of 
 Ontario, refolding in Muskegon since 1874. Mr. Macdonald read law with Smith, 
 Nims, Hoyt & Erwin, was admitted in 1875, since which he has been in practice 
 here He was appointed to his pi'esent official position in '83 by the late Judge 
 Withey, of Grand Rapids. Frank W. Hawley is deputy U. S. Marshal. 
 
 A WINTER HARBOR. 
 
 The importance of Lake Michigan for winter navigation is fast looming up. as 
 it is the only one of the five great lakes which has any claims in that direc-tion. For 
 several years past important lines of steamers have been established to carry win- 
 ter traffic between Milwaukee and favored poi*ts on the east side of Lake Michigan. 
 Muskegon is among the best of the ports on this side, as a promontory of land in 
 Oceana county, deflects the ice floe, from the north and nortlnvest, to points far- 
 ther south and makes this a good winter harbor, as the entrance is open mc sear 
 round. For some time past negotiations have been in progress for the establish- 
 ment of a line of steamers between Milwaukee and Muskegon, for winter as well 
 as summer traffic. A syndicate known as the Muskegon Land & Dock Co., has 
 secured a large amount of real estate, and right of wwy privileges in the vicinity 
 of the outlet. The Terminal Railroad has been organized, located, and active 
 measures taken for its prompt construction, from the outlet docks to Muskegon 
 Heights, where it will connect with all railroads centering here and furnish access 
 to the great volume of commercial traflic which has a natural trend from the east 
 
34 
 
 to the Avest and northwest, and vice versa. Lake Michigan's 350 miles of eastern 
 shore must soon have one or more metropolitan cities and this place, in an exact 
 central location, with population greater than all the harbor towns combined to 
 the north, or to south of it, on this shore; with numerous other advantages in its 
 favor and an outlet that never freezes over, has every reasonable prospect to be- 
 come the chief maritime port on this side of Lake Michigan. 
 
 The design of the company owning the above valuable franchise is to make 
 [Muskegon a competing port for all railroads centering here and as the distance 
 from Milwaukee to Detroit, Toledo and the east is 64 miles less than bj' way of the 
 Ludington route, and 95 miles shorter than bj" all rail, via Chicago. Muskegon 
 •can not fail of favorable consideration. Any vessel afloat on the great lakes can 
 •enter Muskegon outlet upon anj^ dav in the year. After passing through the chan- 
 nel, Muskegon lake opens out from one to two miles in width, and about 5 miles 
 to the point where it receives the water of Muskegon river, one of the longest and 
 most important rivers in the state, which has floated millions of logs to the mills 
 of this city. The shore line of this land locked harbor makes available fully 40 
 miles of deep Avater dockage, which is alreadj' largely in pi'actical use, and at 
 small cost can be fitted for any of the needs of commerce. Vessels now loading 
 here, can without breaking bulk reach the principal lake ports in eight of our 
 most populous states and with the completion of a waterway from Chicago to the 
 Mississippi and from Lake Erie to the Hudson, every important port of the Avox'ld 
 will be accessible by Lake Michigan vessels. The developments of the age clearly 
 point to the completion of these ship canals, in the near future, as commercial 
 necessities, however gi'eat, cannot long withstand the achievements of modern 
 engineering. As the straits of Mackinac and passages from Huron to Superior 
 are closed Avith ice fur nearly half the year, the importance of this available port 
 for Avinter navigation can scarcely be OA^er-estimated. The immense quantities of 
 
 CENTRAL METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH. 
 
35 
 
 grain and lloui- and ]iioduc'e from the northwest, which are shipped to Buffalo 
 and eastern ports, via of lake boats in the summer, must go by all rail through 
 Chicago or ci'oss Lake Michigan. This has created the nucleus to a winter traffic 
 which is bound to rapidly increase, and for reasons before given, the logic of prac- 
 tical facts, would suggest the establishment of a permanent line at once over this 
 direct route for this great volume of east-bound northwestern freight. The large 
 number of diversified factories already here, with abundance of harbor front room 
 for more, will add materially to the commercial business, and the whole makes a 
 group of advantages without parallel on any of the great lakes and equalled by 
 but few points among sea coast harbors, placing Muskegon at the head for all 
 "round maritime purposes. These statements are made without boasting, after 
 mature reflection, the writer of this article, at various times having examined 
 nearly all of our inland harbor.*, sailed into every important port from Maine to 
 Mexico on the Atlantic, and from San Diego to Puget Sound on the Pacific. These 
 are simply statements of facts I'egarding Muskegon's harbor, as viewed from a 
 practical stand point, and are pi-esented for the consideration and investigation of 
 capitalists and the commercial world. 
 
 BANKING INTERESTS. 
 
 It is seldom that a city of this size is found emplo3ing less outside capital than 
 Muskegon in its various enterj^rises. Onr five banks are backed by ample capital, 
 which is largely the result of profitable investment in this place. The officers and 
 stockholders, having largely made their mone3r in Muskegon, are willing to 
 encourage manufacturing enterpi-ises, and have furnished sufficient home capital 
 to meet the usual demand. The banking interests of a community are of great im- 
 portance to the general welfare, and the standing of the men at the head of our 
 monetaiy institutions is a matter which concei'ns everj'^ pei'son in the city. We 
 can confidently refer to the banking officers of Muskegon as a reliable, conserva- 
 tive and enterprising set of men. This condition of matters adds largely to the 
 commercial stability of this place, and failures bj^ men of reasonable ability have 
 been very rare. 
 
 As early as 1859, Capt Thos. J. Rand opened a private bank in Muskegon, con- 
 verting it into an Exchange bank in 1864, and continuing to widen his facilities in 
 that line until his death, Dec. 17, 1873, when active measures were taken to estab- 
 lish a national bank as successor to this business. 
 
 Lumberman's 'National. — The subscription to $100,000 capital stock having 
 been completed Jan. 16, '73, a charter was secured Feb. 5th, following Major C. 
 Davis was first pi'esident, and, on his death, Jan. '88, Alex. V. Maun succeeded to 
 the presidencJ^ Alex. Rodgers has been vice-president for some time, and C C. 
 Billingliurst cashier. That this bank, which is just closing its 20 j'ears of active 
 business, has been justly popular is shown by average deposits ranging over half 
 a million dollars. It has not only made an average of 5 per cent, semi-annual 
 dividends to its .stockholders, but has also given an aggregate of 100 per cent, extra 
 dividends, and has on hand at the present time surplus and undivided profits 
 equal to its capital stock. 
 
 National Lnniberman's Bank. — This organization has recently been formed as 
 successor to the Lumi)erman's JiJational Bank, and will enter into active business 
 Jan. 17, '93. A. V. Mann, who continues as president, is among the largest stock- 
 
36 
 
 holders, and has been a director for 20 years. Mr. Mann, a son-in-hi\v of the late 
 Capt. Rand, was Ijorn Jan. 18, 1834, at Soinerville, N. J., came to Muskegon in 
 1857, purchased large tractsof tiniberlands, and has been a successful lumberman. 
 He became a partner with J. VV. Moon in 1868, in the firm of A. V. Mann & Co., 
 and has been largely identified with the various manufacturing and progressive 
 interests of Muskegon. Thomas Hume, vice-president of the new organization, is 
 a self-made man, who has risen to affluence by industry and business acumen. He 
 has further mention under lumber interests. C. C. Billinghurst, cashier of the 
 new organization, commenced in this capacity with Capt. Rand 23 years ago, and 
 his long service under different administi'ations is a sufficient guax'antee of his 
 ability. He is president of the Muskegon Shingle and Lumber Co. and holds the 
 entire confidence of business circles. The directors of the new bank are A. V. 
 Mann, Alex. Rodgers, Sr., W. F. Wood, D. D. Erwin, Thos. Hume, H. N. Hovey, J. 
 G. Emery, Jr., Andrew Wierengo, L. B. Smith. The building occupied by this 
 business at No. 13, W. Western avenue, was erected by the late Capt. Rand in 1867, 
 
 MUSKEGON OPERA HOUSE. 
 
37 
 
 and was the first brick l)iiildiii<>- in Miisi<('<roii . Tlic capital stock is $100,000, 
 ^vitll slartinE!: surplus of $25,000 paid in. 
 
 Hacklcy National. — About 1868 Mr. A. Gustin, of Pontiac, assisted by his son- 
 in-law, the late E. G. Comstock; commenced a private bank, which continued un- 
 til Ausf. 27, 1870, when the Muskegon National was formed. Mr. Gustin was first 
 president; succeeded in 1875 by C. T. Hills, and he in 1884 by Chas. H. Hackley. 
 Upon the reorganization of this bank at the expiration of its 20 year.s'chartei', it was 
 called the Hackley National Bank. This has a capital stock of $100,- 
 000, with surplus and undivided earnings of about $75,000. It has 
 regularly declared 5 per cent^ semi-annual dividends, and at its last 
 annual statement showed the magnificent sum of $618,174.14 of deposits. 
 The Hackley National has been a strong factor in Muskegon's upbuilding, liy 
 furnishing tlie sinews of war, as its officers are liberal supporters of manufactur- 
 ing and other industrial pursuits. C. H. Hackley, president, is the well known 
 himi)erman and philanthropist, referred to a number of times in these pages. C. 
 T. Hills, vice-president, is also a lumberman of note and is mentioned under the 
 heading of Ryerson, Hills & Co. Geo. A. Abbott, cashier, has been connected with 
 the bank for 10 years past, succeeding to his present responsible position in 1887. 
 He is i-ecognized as an able financier under whose watchful care the affairs of the 
 bank has prospered. In addition to the president, vice and cashier, L. G. Mason, 
 Luther Whitney, Thos. Hume and Thos. Munroe, all well-known business men, 
 are directors. The bank building of this concern, corner First street and Western 
 Ave., was erected in 1874-5, costing at that time nearly $60,000. It is a handsome 
 and commodious structure, fitted with five vaults, one of which is burglar proof 
 and contains 58 safetj^ deposit boxes. 
 
 Merchant's National.— The Merchant's National bank w^as organized Dec. 27, 
 1883, with capital of $100,000, has done a good business from first starting and has 
 made satisfactory returns to its stockholders in increased accumulation of sur- 
 plus. It is located in the Torrent building, corner of Second street and Western 
 Ave. John Torrent, who has been president of this bank for 7 years, is a native 
 of Syracuse, N. Y., and came to Muskegon in 1857. His prominent connections in 
 lumbering and other intei'ests of Muskegon are familiarly knovvn to all. His new 
 stone residence, corner of Webster Ave. and Third street, cut of which appears on 
 page 14, is one of the handsomest and costliest residential structures in the citj'. 
 W. S. Hofstra, vice-president, was formerly prominent in the lumber trade, from 
 wliich he has retired. H. O. Lange, who has been cashier for three years past, is 
 son-in-hiwto Mr. Torrent. Mr. Lange is a native of Germany, in Muskegon from 
 childhood, and is also connected in the lumber trade. Edw. J. Flemming officiates 
 as teller. The directoi's are John Torrent, W. S. Hofstra, C. W. Sessions, Fred 
 Torrent, H. O. Lange. The Merchant's National bank carries average deposits of 
 about $200,000, has a surplus of about $50,000, and has paid $31,000 in dividends. 
 
 Miiskejfon Savings Bank.--This institution was organized Dec. 1887, with 
 capital of $50,000 and is located at No. 18, Jefferson street. It is incorporated 
 under Michigan state laws and is the only savings bank in Muskegon, receiving 
 deposits from $1.00 upwards, upon which 4 per cent, interest per annum is paid. 
 By a special stamp regulation, children are enabled to make nickel savings, whicli 
 are attached to a book and recorded as often as tlie amount reaches a dollar. This 
 makes a convenient and safe depository for small earnings and is largely patron- 
 
38 
 
 ized by our iudustrious working people. This institution also transacts a general 
 banking business and the men at its head make a sufficient guarantee of its I'elia- 
 bility. John W. Moon, president, is a pioneer of Muskegon and has ever mani- 
 fested a deep interest in its upbuiUiing. He is president of the Alaska Refriger- 
 ator company and otherwise largely interested in mauufaoturiug and kindred 
 interests of this city. C. H. Hackley, vice-president, is fully noticed under other 
 interests. G. F. Outhwaite, 2d vice-president, is largely connected in real estate 
 and other Interests. F. E. Hammond has been in the banking business from boy- 
 hood and is thoroughly fitted for the position of cashier. He was formerly con- 
 nected with the Fourth National of Grand Rapids and prior to that Avith the Fii'st 
 National. of Whitehall. 
 
 Union Nsitional Bank.— This organization opened for business Oct. 3, 1889, 
 with capital of $100,000 and has present surplus and undivided profits of $20,000. 
 It has regularly declared 4 per cent, semi-annual dividends, carrying average 
 deposits of over a quarter of a million of dollars. Matthew Wilson has been 
 president of this bank from its start, and in the lumber trade here for the past 25 
 years. He is a member of the Muskegon board of public works, has officiated as 
 city treasurer, and in various other public trusts. Louis Kanitz, vice-president, is 
 president of the Valley Furniture Co., under which heading his personal mention 
 will be found. Wm. B. McLaughlin, cashier, has been connected with the bank- 
 ing business of this city for 20 j^ears past and cashier of the above bank from its 
 advent. The directors are the above officers and W. G. Watson, H. Park, G. J. 
 
 MRS. JENNIE M. DOBSON. M. D. 
 
Tillotsoii and J. J. HouhIch, who arc prominent in niaiiiifafturing and the general 
 business of the I'ity. 
 
 ' MUSKEGON HEIGHTS. 
 
 A syntlieale of Muskegon's representative business men, in 1890, organizetl the 
 Muskegon Improvement Company, Avhieh was officered as follows: L. G. Mason, 
 president; F. H. Holbrook, vice-president; C. C. Howell, manager; Geo. L. Erwin, 
 trustee, F. A. Nims and D. D. Erwin, in addition to tiie above, on the executive 
 committee. The company seciired title to about 1,000 acres of land on the beauti- 
 ful plateau adjoining tlie south side of the city. The site slopes gently towards 
 Mono lake on the soutli and Muskegon lake on the north, either of which can be 
 reached within a mile from the jjlat of Muskegon Heights, whicli was the name 
 adopted for the new village. Lake Michigan is about three miles distant, to the 
 westward. The land was largely covered Avith second growth trees, making 
 almost a complete grove. A plan for development was laid and prompt measures 
 taken, which for magnitude, completeness of detail and rapidity of execution 
 has seldom been equalled in real estate transactions. Ten acres w^ere reserved as 
 a park, 110 acres for factory sites and a like tract from which to create a contingent 
 fund; streets were at once cut out, three of which, Jefterson, Sanford and Peck, 
 are extensions from tiie old city. A mile of pavement eacli was made on Jefferson 
 and Peck streets and a half mile paved on McKinuey avenue, the principal cross 
 street in the Heights. Sanford street, parallel with and between Jefferson and 
 Peck, is used for the electric car service, an extension of the Muskegon railway 
 service which gives connections every 20 minutes, and by transfer a single fare 
 carries a person to any place in either corporation. 
 
 A number of extensive manufacturers were induci d to locate their plants here, 
 and we have to-day the phenomenal facts of a village less than two years old 
 with but 1,300 inhabitants, containing factories which disburse from $20,000 to 
 $25,000 per monlli in wages. Of course many of ihe proprietors and workmen live 
 in Muskegon and this development is practically a part of the city, as a large 
 share of the above wages finds its way into the coll'ers of the city merchants. 
 
 The plans outlined by the company were so clearly practical that on the first sale, 
 May 12, 1890, 2,800 lots were sold at a uniform price of $130 each. These were paid for 
 on the installment plan and were distributed to purchasers bj^ allotmeijt, Octol)er 
 30, 1890. Jn September. 1891, a subsequent sale of 2,000 additional lots was made 
 at $165 each, the allotment having been made July 14, 1892. The last grand sale 
 included houses and lots, valued respectively at $5,0C0, $3,000, $1,500 and $1,000 
 each. 
 
 Muski gon may well be proud of this extensive addition Avith its convenient 
 car service, Avell paA'ed streets, elegant stores, hotels, numerous important indus- 
 trial plants and its pi'ogressive inhabitants. The new manufacturing A'illa was 
 incorporated as Muskegon Heights, January 2, 1891. Its present officers are Sam'l 
 A. Collins, president; Dan'l Upton, Sr., clerk; Sam'l Maffitt, treasurer; Freti H, 
 Johnson, marshal; Thomas C. Clark, attorney; Geo. L. Erwin, Milo P. Smith, 
 Levant O. Hall, Frank X. Vogel, James B. Stephen and Sidney J. Konkle, coun- 
 cilmen. 
 
 The new toAvn has Baptist and Methodist churches. Maccabees and Good Tem- 
 plar lodges and other societies. Three mails arrive daily and four depart. Post- 
 
41 
 
 niastor W. Charles Ilojipor li:is :i well lillcd ollii'c in a coinoiiiciit, location. Tlic 
 business of this oHice so rai)i<lly increased that it was m.ide a money order ollico 
 within a year from the tinu; it was first opened. Mr. Hopper, l)elieviiig the town 
 suilieiently progressive to sup])>)rt a local paper, conimeneed puhlieation of the 
 Ni'iv World, April, 1891, and has met with encouraging success. He is a practical 
 printer, experienced newspaper man, and both post-office and paper have met the 
 reiinirenients of a progressive town. 
 
 The Norton House, a handsome three-story brick hotel, lighted with elec- 
 tricity and thoroughly equipjx'd with all the modern appliances required for the 
 promotion of comfort and convenience, was opened to the public, May, 1891, and 
 was conducted by Frank X. Vogel, an old resident of Muskegon. Nov. 1st, W. J. 
 Irwin, of Irwin i& Stuart, contractors, became proprietor, and will endeavor to 
 make his patrons feel comfortable and satisfied with their treatment while at "The 
 Norton." The house comfortably accommodates from 50 to 75 guests and is a 
 credit to the management, as well as a great convenience to Muskegon Heights. 
 
 Pnl)lic Schools. — Attendance at the public schools of this place has increased 
 with such rajiidity that a substantial and commodious live-room brick school 
 house has just been completed at a cost of about $9,000. Prof. Hosea A. Lewis, 
 who for three years was superintendent of the schools of Muskegon count}', has 
 since the opening of educational interests here in September, 1891, had cha'"ge of 
 the public schools and by his energetic and discreet management has matei'ially 
 advanced these interests. He is ably assisted by Miss Edna B. Eddy and Miss 
 Gertrude L. Moore and on entering the new building a few weeks hence will 
 require additional assistants. The School Board consists of T. C. Clark, modera- 
 tor: Jas. B. Stephen, director; and Sam'l Maffitt, assessor. 
 
 Lumber Yard. — R. A. Rogers opened a lumber depot at Muskegon Heights 
 with the present year and is doing a large local trade as well as shipping to the 
 order of customers in cardoad lots. Everything in the lumber line, lath and 
 shingles is kept. Mr. Rogers is a native of Grand Travers count}', Mich., and for 
 five years past has been connected with the Ducey Lumber Co. of North Muskegon. 
 
 Real Estate, Etc. — Muskegon Heights has a local agency, which not only 
 attends to anj'thing in the real estate line, including rents and collections, but its 
 proprietor makes all kinds of legal papers requiring a notarial seal. Fred H. 
 Johnson was born at Hillsdale, Mich.; graduated Ph. B. from the college of his 
 native city and after reading law the required time graduated from the Michigan 
 Universit}' in 1891. Office with the Improvement Co. at the Heights. 
 
 Further mention of Heights matters will be found under churches, profes- 
 sional, etc. 
 
 Alaska Refrig-erator Company. — This concern stands in the lead, as 
 among the industrial institutions secui'ed in the founding of Muskegon Heights 
 last year, none have contributed more to the advancement of this city than the 
 Alaska Refrigerator Company, winch enjoys the distinction of being the greatest 
 refrigerator manufactory in the world. The plant covers 10 acres of ground, em- 
 ploy's 250 men, uses 31 million feet of lumber annually, and although having a 
 storehouse 60x400 feet, two stories high, with room for 35,000 refrigerators, has 
 recently, to meet increasing demand, erected another warehouse 100x200 feet, 25 
 feet high. The factory buiUhng is 160x340 feet, engine and boiler room 52x60 feet. 
 
43 
 
 furnished with three boilers and a 300 horse-power eugine. The large engine 
 required on the commencement of this industry at Michigan City, is now used to 
 run the dvnamo which supplies the 450 light electric plant used by these works. 
 The factory is equipped in every department with the most approved mechanical 
 appliances. Over 500 feet of shafting and more than a mile of belting is required. 
 Tiie establishment has two Sturtevant dry-kilns with capacity of 80,000 feet of lum- 
 ber at one time, the heat for warming rooms also coming from the Sturtevant 
 system. After being dressed and cut the lumber goes by elevator to the cabinet 
 rooms on the second floor. Here the woodwork is completed, the refrigerator 
 filled with charcoal and lined with zinc, when it is elevated to the third floor, to be 
 finished and j^acked for shipment. Everything is brought to the highest degree of 
 jierfection in the Alaska Refrigerator. The Belt Line, alongside the Avorks, con- 
 nects all railroad and steamship lines centering at Muskegon. 
 
 This company was organized at Michigan City in 1878, with capital stock of 
 $10,000. Increasing business required additional capital and the stock was raised 
 to $100,0C0 in 1885. R. G. Peters, of Manistee, who had purchased a controlling 
 interest in 1881, two years later sold to J. W. Moon, of this city, who then became 
 president of the concern. His well known business sagacity and solid financial 
 standing have been important factors in the success of the company. January, 
 1889, Charles F. Ross, who had been seven years with the companjr, was promoted 
 to the position of secretary and treasurer, where he holds the entire confidence of 
 the stockholders. In 1890 J. H. Ford, a Grand Rapids manufacturer of large ex- 
 Ijerience, joined the company and was chosen as superintendent. Thos. Hume, of 
 Hackley & Hume, is vice-president. The superior advantages presented at Mus- 
 kegon Heights induced this company to remove its entire plant here and operations 
 opened in tiie new works October, 1891. The Alaska factory is a most prominent 
 landmark and important factor in the permanent prosperity of the place. 
 
 Shaw Electric Crane Works. — Among Muskegon's important manufacturing 
 works, the Shaw Electric Crane Company, deserves prominent men- 
 tion. It w^as organized March, 1891, Avith a capital of $15U,000, for 
 the manufacture of electric cra'nes and hoisting machinery. A. J. 
 Shaw, a mechanical engineer, former)}' with the Yale & Townc Lock Co., is the 
 
 SHAW ELECTRIC CRANE WORKS. 
 
43 
 
 inventor of this wondorful miichine. For some 3'ears tiie Shaw Electric Crane liad 
 been niannfactured in Milwaukee. Additional facilities were required, to secure 
 which the plant was last year moved to Muskegon Heights, where a building of 
 two stories, 200xl"00 feet, has been ei'ected (see cut, page 42,) with power house, 
 blacksmith and machine shops, 72x38 feet. More than 100 skilled mechanics have 
 steady employment. The company has orders for several months in advance, and 
 it is i)elieved that it will be necessary in the near future to double the capacity of 
 the works. The electrical traveling crane seems to invade the lield by magic, by 
 the ease and facility with which it handles the most ponderous machinery. They 
 are made in any size from capacity of 5 tons to 100 tons or more, and are now con- 
 sidered indispensable by the principal lieav\' machinery manufacturing concerns of 
 the counti'y. The plant is equipped with the heaviest and most desirable tools 
 available, including a fifteen-ton Shaw Electric Crane. A. J. Shaw, tlie inventor 
 of this machine, is j^resident of the company. J. R. Williams, of Chicago, the 
 western representative of the well-known house of Maxwell & Moore, is vice-pres- 
 ident, and J. G. Emery, the vice-president and secretary, was formerly connected 
 with this business in Milwaukee. With men of abundant experience and practical 
 ability at its head, this company has rapidly gained prominence, showing an out- 
 put of over $250,000 for its second year, with every indication of extensive, en- 
 largement and pei-manent business for the future, and fairly holding place among 
 the most solid of Muskegon's institutions. 
 
 Morton Mamifacturing- Co. — This firm, formerly having an estab- 
 lished trade at Romeo, Mich., in 1891, was induced to accept the 
 manufacturing advantages of Muskegon Heights. July 29th, 1891, it 
 was incorporated with authorized capital of $100,000; Mathew Morton, 
 president; H. E. Morton, vice-president and superintendent of the ii'ou manufac- 
 turing department; J. B. Stephens, superintendent of the wood department and 
 sales agent, while Wm. RoAvan, Jr., officiates as secretary and treasurer. The 
 pi'esident is a native of Ayershire, Scotland, a self-made machinist, having been for 
 36 j^ears past, engaged in practical work, during which time his inventive tact has 
 widened from year to year and he now has patents on more than a dozen ingenious 
 labor-saving devices, which this comi?any is producing. Tn perfecting machinery, 
 Mr. Morton has been greatly assisted by his son, Henry E. Morton, who having 
 been reared in the business, has become an expert in overcoming obstacles in the 
 mechanism of machines. 
 
 The specialty of the iron department is the manufacture of Key-Waj- Cutters, 
 with key-making attachments; key seating machines and planers, all in portable or 
 stationary styles; also a new reversible universal drawing cut shaper. Among 
 hundreds of testimonials which this company has received, we append the follow- 
 ing, as average samples: 
 
 Gentlemen:— We have been using your Lightning Key -Way Cutter and Key- 
 making attachment, and I am pleased to inform you that it is in every way satis- 
 factory, does all you claim for it, and does its work well. We cut a | inch key-way 
 in a steel gear pinions, 10 inch through, that were neat, true, anil the corners all 
 shaped and perfect. We can cheerfully recommend it to any one wanting a Key- 
 Way Cutter. Yours truly, Otis Bko.s. & Co., Yonkers, N. Y. 
 
 Dear Sirs:— I need but a few words to express my ideas on the Morton Key- 
 Way Cutter. I have a piece of work which takes my'man seven hours to accom- 
 plish. This machine does it perfectly in fifteen minutes. The key-maker is a 
 
44 
 
 wonderful little attachment, making keys faster than the man can cut the steel 
 for it. George Newcomb. 
 
 "One of the best tools we ever had in our works." 
 Chicago, III. Fraser & Chalmers. 
 
 "VVoi'ild not be Avithout tlie machine for several times the amount paid." 
 Cleveland, Ohio. Kirby Mfg. Co. 
 
 'We are now doing all the large key-seating for our whole concern on this one 
 machine." American" Ship Windlass Co., Providence, R. I. 
 
 In wood manufacture the leading specialty is Morton's New Reversible tread 
 horse-power, which is made with all modern improvements, for 1, 2, or 3 horses. 
 By an automatic governor attachment, the motion is uniform and can be used in 
 all classes of work. On the farm these powers are especially valuable, where even 
 a small steam power involves danger from fire and careless handling. All the 
 farmer requires for these advantages is a light power and feed cutter. The power 
 can also be easily adjusted to wood-sawing, grinding, etc. They are put up in all 
 sizes and of the l)est manufacture by this company. Another very important in- 
 vention is Morton's Horse Power Fire Engine, made in prices ranging from $200 
 to $1,000, which is admirably adapted to subdue fires in towns and villages. The 
 president of the village of Romeo, Mich., says: 
 
 Gentlemen:— Referring to the valuable service rendered ])yyour Horse Power 
 Fire Engine during the recent fire in this place, I can, from experience, truly rec- 
 ommend s;\me as being the most inexpensive and elRcient fire protection on the 
 market, to my knowledge. This is the universal expression of our citizens, whom 
 I feel confident co-operate with me in the above statements: and wishing you the 
 success your invention deserves, I remain, Geo. C. Harting. 
 
 The Morton Manufacturing Co. has for the iron department a brick building 
 50x200 feet, two storits; another for the wood department of the same dimensions. 
 
 NELSON PIANO FACTORY. 
 
45 
 
 between wliich are railroad facilities. Tliese are fitted throughout with shaftings, 
 pulleys, attachments, and the best of motor machinery, and are united in front by 
 the counting room department, which is 30x35 feet, and two stories in height, 
 fronting on McKinney avenue, as shown in tiie engraving on page 28. 
 
 Institutions of this kind are very worthy additions to Muskegon's ad\ ance- 
 ment, and scores of them should be heartily welcomed to our midst. 
 
 Kelly Bros. Manufacturing? Co. —Daniel Kelly, father of the Brothers, from 
 whom the company takes its name, removed from Grand Rapids to Mus- 
 kegon in 1865. He had encouraged the genius of his sons from their 
 earliest efforts, and when this firm was formed, became the senior 
 partner. Success achieved by honest industry is proverbial among Mus- 
 kegon manufacturers. And the enterprise of the Kelly Bros, is a conspicuous ex- 
 ample of this fact. In schoolboy days, being ambitious to help themselves, W. D. 
 and John Kelly built a small ferry-boat to run on Muskegon Lake, one acted as 
 captain and the other took charge of the engine. The venture pi'oved a success, 
 and, from their earnings the brothers were soon able to build a larger and better 
 boat and finallj' to launch their business career as manufacturers. In 1888 they 
 organized the Kelly Brothers' Manufacturing Co., with a capital stock of $60,000. 
 To-day they have an extensive manufactory in Muskegon Heights, (see page 32,) 
 and give employment to 125 men. Their two-story brick building has 266 feet 
 front on McKinney avenue, extending back 150 feet, giving floor space of 50,100 
 feet. Their specialty is fine interior decoration and interior finish. Thej' make 
 all the cases for the Lyon »& Healy Organ Company, of Chicago, and the Rigway 
 Refrigerators of Philadelphia, and have filled numerous extensive contracts for 
 inside finishing, amongwhich may be mentioned the Hackley Libi'ary, and many 
 elegant residences in Muskegon, the Cuyahoga building in Cleveland, and the re- 
 cent fitting of the immense refrigerators in the Hotel Lexington and Hotel Piazza 
 in Chicago. Their lumber sheds and dry kilns are extensive and thoroughly 
 equipped. A 140 horse-power Corliss engine furnishes power for the works, and a 
 150 incandescent electric light plant is maintained for illuminating. 
 
 Nelson Piano Co. — The parlor organ is fast giving place, even in the rural 
 districts to the piano, which, under extensive competition and improved process of 
 manufacture, has become so cheap as to be available to families of small income. 
 C. D. Nelson, a well-known lumberman of Muskegon, effected the removal of the 
 above piano works from Grand Rapids to Muskegon, and, on January 1, 1891, the 
 Nelson Piano Co. was formed, with Mr. Nelson as president. Four acres of 
 ground was secured and a thi'ee-story brick structure, 50x125 feet, was erected, 
 which is thoroughly fitted for piano work. A goodly number of men are em- 
 ployed, and the principal output of the concern is confined to two styles of pianos 
 ranging in i^rice from $300 to $400. The action for these is among the best, and the 
 Nelson piano is fast securing a reputation among the people. W. H. Nelson, son 
 of the president, officiates as secretary and treasures, and C. L. Barrell of Detroit 
 is vice-president. (See cut of works page 44.) 
 
 The Muskeg'on Washiug-MacliineCo. -The organization of the above company 
 was effected in January, 1889, with paid-in capital of $2,000. The business 
 had been conducted in Grand Rapids, but the proprietors concluded to 
 accept the advantages presented at Muskegon Height-^, and the plant 
 was removed to this place in 1891. The building is a two-story brick, 
 
46 
 
 60x125 feet, with saw mill and dry-kilns in the rear, adding about 100 
 feet to the length. The gray and maleable iron casting ai'e made by the Muskegon 
 Machine and Foundry Co. Cedar is the wood now used in the Michigan washer. 
 The staves are sawed in curves, preventing much waste, and many ingenious de- 
 vices for turning out practical washers are patented or belong to this company, and 
 give facilities for the production of a washer not excelled in its principles by any 
 in the market. 
 
 The Glray Bros. Maimfg'. Co. conduct a manufactory of no mean importance 
 at the corner of Park and Hovey avenues, Muskegon Heights. Their Iniilding is 
 60x150 feet, tAvo stories high with power house 40x60, all thoroughly equipped 
 with modern machinery, having a planing and car di'essiug capacit3' of 100,000 feet 
 daily. Employment is given to about 50 hands, and all varieties of dressed lumber, 
 hai'd and soft Avood and interior finish is turned out. Car dressing, sash, doors, 
 blinds, moulding, siding, flooring, ceiling, stair Avork, office fixtures, etc., comes in 
 the line of this firm. F. G. and F. M. Gray are natives of Conn., and Avere 
 formerly doing business on Clay avenue, fi'om whence they remoAcd to present 
 location July, '91. They manufacture all the AVood- work for the Mosely Folding 
 Bath Tub, an article that must be seen to be appreciated. The Mosely Co of 
 Chicago, Avill hoAvever, gladly send circulars to interested parties, Avhich explain 
 the merits of this useful and unique piece of wood-furniture. 
 
 GRAY BROTHERS" PLANING MILL AND FACTORY. 
 
 CITY OF NORTH MUSKEGON. 
 
 On the north side of Muskegon Lake, and betAveen it and Bear Lake, is a 
 beautiful peninusula about 4 miles in length and averaging half a mile in AA^dth. 
 The surface of this plateau rises some 30 feet above the Avater level. A good 
 portion of this is coA^ered Avith oak groA^es interspersed with pine; the Avhole sur- 
 I'ounded by a strip of low. shore line Avide enough to afford ample room for 
 wharves and manufactories, giving three and a half miles of water-front from 15 to 
 30 feet in depth, through Avhich any A'essel afloat on our great lakes can readily 
 come up to the docks of North Muskegon. The tAvo lakes are connected by a short 
 channel at the western extremity of Bear Lake. This was formerly obstructed by 
 a dam which Avas built in 1837 by Jonathan H. Ford, agent for the Bufi"alo & Black 
 
47 
 
 Rock Company, to furnish power for a watormill. Tlie mill was honglit by Hiram 
 Jiulson & Co. in 1840, and a new water-wheel put in by George Rnddeman. Tliis 
 dam was demolished in 1884 and the same year Capt. Robert Miller, at the 
 instani'eof interested parties, navigated the steam ferry Mary E. Minter through 
 the channel and took a short voyage in Bear Lake. This incident, which opened 
 to navigation a handsome little lake, was a stirringchapter in local history. From 
 the greater portion of North Muskegon a beautiful vieAV of forest, surrounding 
 lakes, or the city on the south is obtainable. Completion in the near futui'e, of 
 the bridges recently authorized by the Board of Supervisors, one by the citv 
 of Muskegon and the other by the city of North Muskegon, each at a cost of 
 $13,000, will reduce the distance betw^een these tw^o corporations about one mile, 
 and will accommodate the Electric Car line, which is now being extended. With 
 such convenience of access, North Muskegon must attract the attention of tho.se 
 desiring beautiful]}' located homes, with excellent sanitary surroundings, where, 
 with small eflfort, handsome lawns, surrounding groves, vineyards, flowers and 
 shrubbery may be sustained, that would be impracticable in many jjlaces far to 
 the south. In our great fruit belt there are few places Avhere horticulturists have 
 less to contend with in the way of climatic disadvantages than here. Some 
 excellent vineyards and orchards on this peninsula are among the evidences in this 
 direction. 
 
 This city is supplied with water, drawn from Bear Lake by the North Mus- 
 kegon water works, which cost $32,000. This comprises the pump-house, with its 
 machinery, 3i miles of water-mains, 37 hydrants. Thecaiiacity is 1,500,000 gallons 
 of water every 24 hours, although the average daily consumption is about one-tenth 
 of this amount. Robert Collins, an old-time resident of this vicinity, has charge 
 of the water works' machinery, is thoroughly acquainted with his duties, and at 
 all times keeps ready for extra pressure. Besides these works there are three 
 artesian wells upon the peninsula, from all of which pours forth valuable mineral 
 water, and, from experience, it has been demonstrated that flowing wells may l)e 
 secured wherever desired in this vicinity. The lire department is equipjjed with 
 two hose houses and three carts, 2,000 feet of hose and a hook and ladder outfit. 
 
 Public Schools. — The North Muskegon school census of last year gave 381. 
 with enrollment of 359 and average attendance above 90 per cent. The census of 
 '92 shows a slight inci'ease notwithstanding the fact that several mills have been 
 vacated. This place has been favored with good schools from its earliest historv. 
 The West Ward school covers all grades, and is in charge of J. W. Constan, resid- 
 ing here from childhood and educated in the public schools. Tillie A. Moran, an 
 experienced teacher, has charge of 44 pupils of first and second grade in East Ward 
 school. The old Central school, erected on the lake front nearly ten years ago, 
 burned June 5, 1885, and the board wiselj' selected the present shady and centrally 
 located full block site. The new building cost $12,000, presents a handsome front 
 and is a model of convenience. It has 6 school rooms, a large office and labratory, 
 and well finished basement with sewerage and heating apparatus. The library 
 contains 324 volumes besides 212 books belonging to the principal. Chemical and 
 philosophical appliances costing $110 are used as an auxiliary to higher education. 
 The pi-esent school year In'ings the first graduation from a 12 years' course to a class 
 of seven. Delia M. Springer, a graduate from Whitehall, teaches the Kindergarten 
 system: Julia Hull, from Palo schools, the first and intermediate grades, and with 
 
48 
 
 tlic piTsent year, from 5th grade upwards, the departmental phiu has been 
 adopted. MaryM. Davis graduated from Milford, has charge 5th and 6th grades, and 
 Lelia E. Johnson, who graduated at Oberliu in 1881, is assistant principal. 
 Hubert H. Barton, superintendent of all the above and principal of the High 
 .school, is a native of Newaygo Co., and was educated in the Muskegon schools, the 
 Big Rajjids Industrial school and the Valparaiso Normal school. He taught 2 years 
 in District No. 3, was three years principal at Lakeside, and is now on his third 
 year here as superintendent. Prof. Barton is president of the Muskegon County 
 Teachers' Association and was recently elected a member of the County Board of 
 Examiners. The North Muskegon Board of Education is John Campbell, 
 ex-Mayor, president; C. L. Gunn, present Mayor, treasurer; R. A. Rogers, secre- 
 tary; Andrew Backstrom, S. M. Croft, E. B. Sunderlin. 
 
 The village was incorporated March, 1881, and the first election held May 2. 
 The presidents of the council have been; E. C. Misner, '81,85; C. W. Storrs, '82; 
 W. H. Brown, '83; C. H. Hall, '84; John Campbell, '86; B. F. Cook, '87; J. W. 
 Friegner, '89 and John Campbell again for '90. March 18, '91, the place was in- 
 corporated as a city, and, at the election held April 6, '91, John Cami^bell was 
 chosen as Mayor, and was succeeded the present year by Chas. L. Gunn . The 
 other officials are Chas. S. Place, recorder; Chas. H. Leslie, treasurer; L. A. 
 Triskett, assessor. Robert W. Hay is chief of police, supt. of water works, over- 
 seer of poor and street commissioner. The city has Methodist and German 
 Lutheran churches, Odd Fellows" lodge, tent of Maccabees and hive of L. O. T. M., 
 G. A. R. post, Ladies' Relief Corps and camp of Sons of Veterans, Knights of 
 Labor together with the usual social and church societies. A movement is on foot 
 to utilize the attractive Inter Lake park of this place for the purpose of a 
 sanitarium. This idea is eminently practical and will have notice ia later pages. 
 
 F. Alberts & Co. — Among the prominent manufacturing concerns of North 
 Muskegon is the shingle and lumber mill of F. Alberts &Co.. located near the outlet 
 of Bear Lake, on west side. This mill was erected by Jas. Shavalier & Co., in 
 1887, later operated by P. P. Leonard, and was purchased by Alberts & 
 Rosenberg, Februai'y, 1892. It is fitted with a band saw and two shingle 
 
 machines, having the com- 
 bined capacity of 150,000 
 shingles and 15,000 to 20,- 
 000 feet of lumber per da}^ 
 The average annual out 
 put is 25 million shingles 
 and 3 million feet of lum- 
 Ijer. Mr. Alberts owns 
 1,650 feet water front, 
 backed by sixty acres of 
 land, all available for stor- 
 age, wharf and boom pur- 
 poses and largely in use 
 by this business. He also 
 owns 1,200 acres of land 
 in this and adjoining 
 
 SHERIFF'S RESIDENCE AND JAIL. COUnties, Avhich will iu 
 
49 
 
 crease in value with the development of this seetion. The firm gives employ 
 ment to about sixty hands and the amount which it has disbursed for wages has 
 been an important factor in sustaining the west ward of North Muskegon. 
 
 Gow & Cainpb'ell. — One of the liveliest mills on Muskegon Lake is that of 
 Gow & Campbell, on the North Side. It has been operated by the present firm 
 since 1881. and has a daily capacity of about 75,000 feet. This mill stands foremost 
 in the hemlock trade, receiving its supply by river, and shipping both by rail and 
 water according to the demand of its customers. Some forty men are employed 
 and the annual output is about 12 million feet. The slabs are sawed into wood and 
 the convenience of loading is such that ever_ything is utilized, even to the sawdust. 
 James Gow is mayor of Muskegon, and has long been a prominent lumberman. 
 John Campbell is the past mayor of North Muskegon and one of the most enter- 
 prising business men of that city. The firm has conducted a prosperous business, 
 which is an important factor in sustaining the interests of North Muskegon. 
 
 McMillan & Co. — This mill, erected by A. H. Petrie in 1881, has been thoroughly 
 refitted by the present firm :ind has a capacity of 75,000 to 80,000 feet per daj'. 
 The annual average is about 12 million feet of luiuber with the usual percentage 
 of lath and shingles. Mr. McMillan came to Muskegon in 1868, and for twelve 
 years jjast has been engaged in the lumber trade. 
 
 Gray Shing-le Co. — This concern has been in operation at its present location 
 in North Muskegon since 1885 The company have aljout 500 feet of water front, 
 through which source its timber suj)ply is brought. The shingles turned out are 
 principally of first grades and have found a ready market in New England, New 
 York and New Jersey. 
 
 Tanderwerp & Hudson. — The shingle outfit of this firm was erected in 1891, at 
 a cost of about $8,000, and is well equipped. Some fifteen men are given 
 regular employment. 
 
 Mercantile Interests. — North Muskegon has a hardware, drug, stationery and 
 confectionery store in chai'ge of Chas. H. L'^slie, notary and real estate agent. Mr. 
 Leslie has been a leading spirit here for a dozen years; Jas. Balkema & Bro. have 
 for eight years past been engaged in geueral merchandise, handling dry goods, 
 groceries, boots, shoes, crockery, etc.; A. R. Williams andE. B. Sunderlin also con 
 duct general stores; Frank Cleveland, post-office and grocery; J. Dyck & Co., 
 flo ir and feed; while A. E. Andrews conducts a livery; Dan. Williams, wagon and 
 blacksmith shop, and J. E. Plews a shoe shop. 
 
 RAILROAD TRANSPORTATION. 
 
 When we review the history of railroads and discover that within the memory 
 of many who are now living, there was no such thing as railroads proper, cars or 
 locomotives, we are struck with intense admiration for the wonderful evolution 
 which has been developed in machineiy, coaches, roads and transportation during 
 the past sixty years. Tramways and horse car roads were commenced about the 
 beginning of this centui-y. and as eai'ly as 1802, Trevithick took out the first patent 
 "for adapting a steam engine to the powers of locomotion," although Watts is said 
 to have made a model previously. Several other patents were obtained, but none 
 of practical utility, until George Stephenson's "Rocket" was built in 1829, and run 
 from Liverpool to Manchester. England. This, at that time, wonderful locomotive, 
 weighed but seven and a half tons, and could draw forty-four tons at a speed o 
 
50 
 
 fourteen miles pei'houi'. In 1830Petei' Cooper built the fii'st American locomotive 
 for the Baltimoi'e & Ohio R. R., and the same year a locomotive was built by E. L. 
 Miller of New York, for the South Carolina R. R., which, in 1833, had 136 miles of 
 main track and continued for several years to be the longest I'ailroad in America, 
 for prior to 1840 there were but a few short lines Iniilt and railroad development 
 had but fairly begun fifty years ago. 
 
 Chicago and West Michigan. — Twenty-four years ago Muskegon Avas without 
 a railroad; but in 1868 some of our progressive citizens set to work to secure that 
 boon, and a company was organizetl to build a line from this place to Ferr3'sburg, 
 fifteen miles distant. L. G. Mason was made president, F. A. Nims, secretary; the 
 late Chauncey Davis, A. RodgersSr., S. R. Sanford and others as dii-ectors. This was 
 built in '69, and consolidated with the Grand Haven & Allegan. In '81 the control 
 of these roads passed into the hands of the present Chicago & West Michigan. 
 Hon. A. H. Morrison in 1869 formed a company to build a road from New Buffalo 
 to St. Joseph, and another organization known as the Lake Shore R. R. Co., of 
 West Michigan, was to extend the line to Muskegon. In Aug. '70, these companies 
 consolidated. Prior to this the Grand Rapids & Lake Shore R. R. had been organ- 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 
 ;/ V 
 
 ;\ 
 
 1 
 
 K'' 
 
 
 ^^aamstt£W9. 
 
 
 
 nk^wJH^raS 
 
 ■VMQg^ 
 
 ,1^H 
 
 ^^^BL^ 
 
 
 W^c-. "'■'' 
 
 
 I b.. 
 
 ; Hn p ft fc * tW^* teg 
 
 HACKLEY PUBLIC SCHOOL. COMPLETED 1892. 
 
51 
 
 ized to run from Graiul Rapids to Pentwator via ^lusUi-goii. Tliis was also consoli- 
 dated Avith the C. & W. M. in 1S70. A line was i)uilt from Holland to Grand Rapids 
 in '70; one from Muskegon to Big Rapids in 72; and later from Grand Ra])ids to 
 Newaygo, all becoming a part of tliis system, which in 1881 was extended to 
 Lacrosse, Ind., where it has direct connection with the Pan Handle and L. N. A. 
 & C. R.ys. This extension crosses numerous trunk lines, which would indicate its 
 great importance. With the above consolidations, extension since to Petosky and 
 Bay View and other associate connections, this system now operates over 1,000 
 miles of road and is one of the most important transportation lines in Michigan. 
 Muskegon, is the principal terminal point for freight tonnage, and the connections 
 secured through this line to any part of the continent adds greatly to the transpor- 
 tation facilities of this place. It is the quick route to Chicago, its passenger 
 trains requiring only six hours to make the trip, and to Detroit six and a half 
 hours, while to Traverse City but five hours. This company has two stations in 
 Muskegon for the accommodation of passengers, one on Ottawa street, known as 
 the upper station, and the other at Third street. At Muskegon Heights it has put 
 in a good freight depot, and has made extensive imiirovements for the accommo- 
 dation of the numerous factories located there. Its commercial interests are rep- 
 resented in Muskegon by Mr. A E. Snuggs. who is conveniently located in Occi- 
 dental block, and ready at all times to give information to patrons and othei'S. The 
 general ortices are at Grand Rapids, Mich. George DeHaveu. Genl. Passr. Agt., 
 and Chas. M. Heald, Genl. Manager. 
 
 Muskegon's commercial and manufacturing importance has been largely 
 advanced by the steady operation of the C. & W. M. shops for the past 18 yeai's. 
 The capital employed in this enterprise is not less than $200,000, and steady em- 
 ployment is given to about 250 men. The antount distributed for wages and 
 material is about $350,000 annually, which contributes very largely to the city's 
 success. About seventy-live passenger coaches, a greater number of locomotives, 
 and 3,000 freight cars are in use by the Chicago & West Michigan. The overhaul- 
 ing and repair work for the entire line is done here. W. K. Christie, master 
 mechanic, has been thirty years railroading, for seventeen j-ears past general fore- 
 man of the D. L. N., and came to his present position Nov. 1st. David McKinley, 
 a life-long railroadman, formerly Avith the Wabash, has been master car builder 
 for the past four years. F. J. Pease is foreman of the locomotive department. 
 
 Grand Rapids & Indiana Railroad. — By various acts of Congress, 1856- 
 64, Michigan was given certain alternate sections of public lands to encourage the 
 building of railroads. The Grand Rapids & Indiana R. R., by prompt development 
 in constructing a tirst-class road from Fort Wayne, Ind. to Traverse City, a dis- 
 tance of 333 miles, secured title to 852,960 acres of the above lauds, Many of these 
 tracts are yet for sale bj' the above company on A-ery reasonable terms, and a de- 
 scriptive pamphlet of 88 pages containing much general information about Michi- 
 gan, can be secured by addressing the land department of the G. R. & I. R. R., 
 Grand Rapids, Mich. The road commenced business in 1873, and has been among 
 the progressive transportation comi)anies, being uoav a part of the Pennsylvania 
 Co. system. The Muskegon branch commenced operations Dec. 1, 1886, and makes 
 an acceptable addition to our freight and passenger facilities. C. F. Clugstoa is 
 local commercial agent, at 103 W. Western ave. 
 
 Toledo, Saginaw & Muskeg-on R. R. — This company, being a part of the Grand 
 Trunk system, affords quick service via the Port Huron tunnel to Ncav England 
 
52 
 
 and other eastern sections, and the compauj' claim to bring freight from New 
 York in five days. They run two boats during the season of navigation to Milwau- 
 kee, giving daily service to that city, and having ari-angements with the Goodrich 
 line of steamers are in direct communication by lake with Chicago. At Ashley, 96 
 miles distant from Muskegon, trains connect with the Toledo & Ann Arbor for all 
 0!;io nud southern [)oints. Their depot is located at the corner of W. Western 
 avenue and Eighth st: eet, where the company have an office, as well as office of 
 commercial agent, and train master, at corner W. Western avenue and Third 
 street. About 25 men residing hei'e are employed. The following gentlemen rep- 
 resent the company: F. L. Reynolds, city ticket agent; Geo. W. Nellis, depot 
 agent; W. R. Holden, train master; J. C. Sharkey, train dispatcher; W. Waters, 
 mechanical superintendent. 
 
 Muskeg"on Railway Company. — The Muskegon City Ry. Co., organized Sept. 
 1883, owns and o])erates aliout 11 miles of track. From the eastern limits it 
 traverses the main thoroughfare to Lake Michigan Park, on the shore of the great 
 lake, six miles distant. At Jefferson st. and Western ave. a side line starts for 
 Muskegon Heights, going via Sanford st. The Pine st. line has about two miles of 
 track, and reaches Evergreen and Oakdale cemeteries. The cars are operated by 
 the overhead ti'olley electric system, giving rapid, convenient and safe transit. 
 The power-house is a substantial stone and bi'ick structure fitted with a battery of 
 huge boilers, and a large Cooper Condensing Corliss engine. Four 500 horse-power 
 generators, and all necessary adjuncts for a complete electric motor system have 
 been put in at a cost of $50,000. The car hou.se was erected the past season, at a 
 cost of $15,000, is 90x200 feet, with storage capacity for 50 cars, containing the 
 offices, repair-shops, storeroom, etc. About 60 men are employed in operating the 
 line. 
 
 Lake Micliig'aii Park. — The Muskegon City Ry. Co. owns the handsome park 
 
 WATER WORKS--PUMPING STATION. 
 
■ 53 
 
 of 58 acres, which lies between Muskegon Lake nnd Lake Michigan, on the west 
 side of the city. It is shaded by a natural grove, with beautiful hills and dales, and 
 the roaring waves of the great lake at its feet. Two conunodious pavilions, a 
 toboggan slide, bath houses and oiher conveniences are found. A nickel takes the 
 pleasure-seeker to the grounds from any part of the city or Musk(!gon Heigiits, 
 and the park is free for all pleasure-seekers. This makes an inexpensive and pleas- 
 ant place for a day's recreation, and is largeljf patronized. The management has 
 been conducted on a liberal basis, and is reaping the reward of a well merited 
 success. F. A. Nims, president, is a prominent attorney, and has been inter- 
 ested in railroads for twenty-five yeai'S; J. VV Moon, vice-president, is piom- 
 inently connected in monetary and manufacturing institutions; VVm. B. Mc- 
 Laughlin officiates as ti-easurer; Robt. A. Fleming, secretary; L. B. Howard is 
 purchasing agent and F. VV^ Thom^json, superintendent. 
 
 Lake Harbor Railroad.— The Muskegon Railway Co. and theC. & W. M. Ky., 
 Avithin the past season constructed five miles of line extending from the life saving 
 station to the Hackley Assembly' ^[rounds along the beach of Lake Michigan. This 
 is operated by a light engine and regular coaches, making average hourly trips 
 during the Assembly season, and as often as necessary at o her times. The officers 
 are J. W. Moon, president: F. A. Niras, vice president; Thos. Munroe, secretary; 
 W. B. McLaughlin, treasurer, all of Muskegon, and Chas. M. Heald of Grand 
 Rapids, a well-known railroadman, officiates as general manager. 
 
 STEAMBOATS, TUGS, FERRIES, ETC. 
 
 The Goodrich Transportation Co.— On pages 5 to 9, 33-4 we have given some 
 idea of the vast commercial transportation by water, and elucidated the advan- 
 tages to accrue from a location on the great lakes. At this point we shall mention 
 in detail the steamboat companies doing business at Muskegon. The Goodrich 
 Transportation Co. of Chicago, has been conducting a lake commerce for thirty- 
 three years, having originally been established by Capt. A. E. Goodrich. The com- 
 paujf has almost unlimited capital and is among thi; most reliable in that line, its 
 boats carrying passengers and freight to all the principal ports on Lake Michigan. 
 No expense has been spai'cd in making the Goo<lrich line of steamers as nearly 
 perfect in all their appointments as anj- that navigate the American waters. Nearly 
 the entire fleet is of recent build, from the most approved plans for speed and 
 safety, fitted with every modern convenience, and rightly called floating palaces. 
 The City of Racine, launched in 1889, and the Atlanta, which was put in service in 
 '91, are run between Chicago and Muskegon; one starting fi-om either point every 
 night during the navigation season, and landing at destination next morning; giv- 
 ing passengers the pleasure of a night's sleep "rocked in the cradle of the deep." 
 and saving valuable time to the business man. The schedule time is made with 
 the certainty of an express train, and for beauty, strength and speed these steamers 
 ai*e the peer of anything in lake marine. The fittings and conveniences compare 
 favorablj' with the best modern hotels. The boats of this line touch at Grand 
 Haven, tlie only stopping point between here and Chicago. With deep water, no 
 reefs or islands, and the staunch steamers of this line, the danger of travel by lake 
 is no greater than by land, while the comfort and healthfulness of a lake voyage 
 is not to be compared with the dust, noise and other annoyances experienced by 
 rail. The Goodrich line handle fast freight between here and Chicago, and have a 
 growing trade which demonstrates its just popularity. 
 
54 
 
 McEIroy Transportation Co.— This Hue was formed by Lem. Smith and Peter 
 Pelow iu 1887. R. B. Miner, of Saugatuck, subsequently conducted the business 
 for a year, since which the present company have been in charge. The staunch 
 propeller Douglas makes three round trips each week between Muskegon and 
 Milwaukee, opening about April first and running till some time in December. 
 The Douglas has good passenger accommodations, and the business of this line has 
 been so satisfactorj'^ that increased facilities are contemplated for the near future. 
 An additional steamer of large size and powerful machinery will probably be 
 erected next season, which will make regular trips the year round, as there is cer- 
 tain to be a demand for winter traffic from this port. (See pages 33-4.) 
 
 Grand Haven & Milwaukee Transportation Co.— This company operates a line 
 of steame.s the year round, between the points named above, and for more than half 
 the year connecting at this city with the Toledo, Saginaw & Muskegon R.R. It cou- 
 xiects regularly at Grand Haven with the Detroit, Grand Haven & Milwaukee R. 
 R. The City of Milwaukee and the Wisconsin, two first-class iron steamers, alter- 
 nate on this line, making daily communication each way across the lake. The Citj' 
 of Milwaukee is among the largest passenger steamers on the great lakes, is a 
 side-wheeler of steel build, and makes her regular trips regardless of rough wea- 
 ther. The Wisconsin is a fine steamer, built expressly for this service, and is in 
 every way worthy and well equipped. This line has a strong hold on the good-will 
 of the traveling public, as their quick appreciation for the comfort and security, 
 and courteous treatment of their patrons, has brought them an enviable trade. 
 
 Crosby & Company.— The business of this lug company is vessel towing and 
 transfer of lumber, logs, etc. The tii'm is composed of E. G. Crosby, R. Rice and 
 J. Hitchcock, and has been in active business for six years past. Arrangements 
 are made by which cars are run on board scows built especially for this trade, and 
 
 LIFE SAVING STATION AT OUTLET PIER. 
 
55 
 
 are loaded or imloade.l direct from vessels. In this manner, with two tugs, 
 the above tirm is al)k' lo handle an average of 8 million feet of lumljer per week. 
 This arrangement connects all our lumber wharves and other lake front docks, 
 with the various railroads, whether they have a side track or not, and greatly 
 facilitates the free communication between railroad and lake traffic. The new tug 
 E. G. Crosby, which was recently put into commission, is claimed to be the most 
 complete and powerful tug now afloat on fresh waters. With this the tirm has 
 added two large scows, having capacity of 500,000 feet of lumljer each. The Crosby 
 and two scows are intended for general lake traffic, while the smaller tugs and 
 scows are kept in use on Muskegon Lake. Crosby & Co. take contract work, and 
 have recently been operating for the Government on improvements at the entrance 
 of both Grand Haven and Muskegon harbors. The Carrie Ryerson, in charge of 
 Capt. Robert Rice and engineer Joseph Hitchcock, is fitted up with pumps and 
 other necessary apparatus as a fire patrol, and has done efficient work in this line. 
 The energetic managment of the Crosby Co's. fleet has added largely to the facili- 
 ties with which lake business has been handled at this point, and deserves due 
 credit for its special line of work. 
 
 The Muskegon Ferry.— The steamer Centennial, in charge of Capt. Robt. A. 
 Miller and engineer H. M. Sherman, both thoroughly acquainted with their re- 
 spective duties, is a gi'eat convenience in facilitating communications between this 
 city and North Muskegon. Hourly trips are made with clock like regularity, dur- 
 ing business hours, from Lee's wharf, foot of Market street, to Gray's wharf and 
 Cohassett dock on the North Muskegon side. Capt. Miller has been on this line for 
 a dozen years, and connected with the navigation of Muskegon Lake for over 20 
 years. Capt. Setli Lee, proprietor of the line, is one of the early navigators of 
 the great lakes, havingf been interested in marine matters from boj'hood, and has 
 had a varied experience. The ferry is a convenient and important part of our 
 connectious with the northern suburb. 
 
 TELEGRAPH, TELEPHONE, EXPRESS, ETC. 
 
 Western Uniiin Telegraph. — Prof. Morse secured a patent for the electric tele- 
 graph in 1839, but the first practical working line between Baltimore and Washing- 
 ton, was opened May 27, 1844. The Western Union Telegraph Co. was formed in 
 1856 i)y the consolidation of three companies, then doing business in the United 
 States. It now owns or controls 200,000 miles of poles, with three times as great 
 a length of wire and two cables connecting Great Britain and the United States. 
 There are about 10,000 regular offices, and 50 million messages are annually trans- 
 mitted by this company, the hanrMing of which requires 22,000 oijcrators, 
 about half of whom are in railroad employ also. The Muskegon W. U. Telegraph 
 office was opened early in the sixties, and for seventeen years was in charge of G. 
 P. Kingsbury. J. A. Weeks, a native of Pontiac, who comuienced operating in 
 1868, succeeded to the management of this office July, 1883. The business here has 
 steadily increased from year to yeai\ the present handling of messages avei'aging 
 from 10,000 to 12.000 per month. A large telegraph money order business is trans- 
 acted. The force here numbers ten C. Corbitt, of Cleveland, Ohio, is superin- 
 tendent of the 5th district, in which Muskegon is located. 
 
 Postal Telegraph. — This company was organized about a dozen years ago, has 
 rapKllj- increased its lines so that it now has 125,000 miles of wire and connects 
 
56 
 
 with leading cities iu this and other countries. An office was opened at Muskeuon, 
 July, 1886, and its receipts have shown a good increase with each yeai*. The office 
 here is in charge of M. D. Thome a native of Ypsilanti, Mich., who commenced oper- 
 ating ten years ago. For seven years past he has been with the Postal Co., and in 
 charge of the Mu-skegon office since 1888. L. D. Parker, of Chicago, is general 
 superintendent of this division. 
 
 Telephone Exchange. — Fifteen years has shown an amazing progress in the 
 developments of electrical science, of which the telephone is among the most won- 
 derful inventions. Space has been practically annihilated through its use, and 
 persons a thou.-and miles apart now converse with each other. Its practical utility 
 in facilitating commercial transactions is so plainly manifest that few progressive 
 business men are without a telephone. The mechanism of this instrument was 
 first perfected to the wants of commerce, March, 1876, and its use spread with 
 wonderful alacrity. The Michigan Telephone and Telegraph Construction Co. 
 was established in 79, and the Muskegon exchange opened in October of that 
 year. This is connected with the principal towns and cities in the state, tolls rang- 
 ing from 15 to 45 cents. About 275 miles of wire has been strung in Muskegon, 
 and over 360 customei"s are connected with the exchange, which furnishes an ex- 
 cellent service. Eight operators and three linemen conduct the local btisiuess 
 here, under manager C. E. Wilde, Avho has been for nine years with this company, 
 which has its headquarters at Detroit. 
 
 WESTERN AVE. JUNCTION OF MARKET ST. --LABOR DAY. 
 
57 
 
 Adams Express Co.— Alvaii Adams co mm 3 need the package express l)iisines3 
 in 1840, aud sliortly afterwards W. B. Dinsmore liecame partner, and more syste- 
 matic plans for the transmission of packages between New York, Boston and 
 Philadelphia and intermediate points were completed. Enlargement of these devel- 
 opments established the express business, which has for its motto "speed and 
 safet)^" receiving packages of everj' reasonable size and weight. The Adams 
 Express Company Avas formed in 1854 by the union of four different companies. It 
 operates on 25,000 miles of railroad, having direct terminal connections with the 
 Northern Pacific, Pacitic, Texas and Southern companies, which gives convenient 
 access to all sections of the country. The Adams office was opened in Muskegon 
 Jan., 1887, aud has steadily increased its volume of business. A. W. Bell, agent, 
 is a native of Ypsilauti, and in charge here since 1890. Henry Bumple, of Colum- 
 bus, Ohio, is Supt. of the central division of the western department, in which 
 Muskegon is located. 
 
 Amei'icau Express. — This company was organized in 1850 by consolidation of 
 three companies, and has ever kept abreast of the times, adding new lines and 
 offices to meet the requirements of its business, until now it reaches 7,000 offices, 
 and covers 50,000 miles of railroad aud steamship lines in the United States aud 
 . Canada. Its money order system affords a cheap and safe mode for the transmiss- 
 ion of funds, and its commission purchase system is very popular with those who 
 have investigated it. An office of this company was opened in Muskegon prior to 
 the Avar, aud J. W. Yates, a native of New York state, has had charge of it since 
 Feb., 1862. A heavy business is transacted here in transporting fruit from the 
 first week in August to about Oct. 20, during which time the daily handling from 
 railroads to Lake Michigan boats is four to five car loads. The office is at No. 21 
 First street, where every attention is given to shippers. J. H. Higginbotham, of 
 Detroit, is Supt. in this state, and H. K. Brooks, of Chicago, has charge of the ad- 
 vertising, money order aud telegraph departments. 
 
 National Express.— W. F. Harnden started the package express business] in 
 1839. PuUen, Virgil & Stone, who were early interested with Harnden, continued 
 the business from which grew the National Express, which was organized in the 
 first years of the express trade, and which has continued to hold a fair share of the 
 business. The National was planted in Muskegon May 1st, 1891, with W. H. King 
 as agent; G. W. Fanning taking charge March '92. Mr. Fanning is a native of 
 Pennsylvania, and has been eleven years in the express business. The National 
 has direct connection with the Northern Pacific Express Co., with which it extends 
 from the Atlantic to the Pacific coast. J. A. D. Vickers, of Chicago, is Supt. for 
 the Western division, extending from Buffalo to St. Louis. 
 
 CHURCHES, Y. M. C. A, ETC. 
 
 Muskegon is represented by the principal denominations, having nearly 30 
 societies and missions, making excellent accommodations for religious services. 
 There are numerous commodious and handsome edifices, every section of the city 
 being represented. 
 
 St. Mary's Roman Catholic— The first religions services held in Muskegon 
 was by Rev. Father Baraga, late bishop of Marquette, who preached to the 
 Indians and a few whites here as early as 1833. In 1835 Father Vizoski saidjmass 
 at Wm. Laslev's house, continuiug to come from Grand Rajjids, occasionally till 
 
58 
 
 1852, whea his place was taken by Rev. Clias. De Cueninck. Rev. Edw. Vau 
 Pammell, located in Grand Rapids in 1853, making quarterlj- visits to Muskegon. 
 He erected in 1855-7, the original St. Mary's Church which still stands. Rev. J. B. 
 Steinhauser was the first resident priest. He came in '57 and was succeeded in '60 
 by Rev. Chas. Zucker; '63 Rev L. Schreiner; '65 Rev. Ferdinand Allgayer and '66 by 
 Rev. Rievers, who continued here until his death in '77 when Father Van Pammell, 
 came. Born in Flanders, Belgium, in 1828, ordained in Detroit he served in Grand 
 Rapids, Corunna, Ypsilanliand Detroit prior to his present engagement. The con- 
 gregation consists of 300 families. The new St. Mary's Church, nearing comple- 
 tion, with lot and furnishings, will be worth $50,000, and is a commodious and 
 handsome church edifice. St. Mary's Parocial School is in charge of six sisters of 
 the Dominican Order. The enrollment is about 300. 
 
 First I oiigreg-ational Cluirch.— The first protestant services in Muskegon 
 were held by Rev. Wilcox, a Cougregationalist, in 1840, at the boarding house of 
 Martin Ryerson. Rev. Wheeler held a series of meetings in 1844, and Rev. Rey- 
 
 FIRST CONGREGATIONAL CHURCH. 
 
59 
 
 Holds of Lamont, in 1850. engaged to give alternate Sundays to Muskegon, iservices 
 being held in the seliool-lionse. Rev. Payson located here in 1857 and preached for 
 a time, but a permanent organization was not effected until Rev. A. St. Clair in- 
 stituted the First Congregational Church of Muskegon in 1859. An edifice was 
 built in '63 at a cost of $7,000. The present commodious structure was erected iu 
 1883. and, with lot and furnishings, is valued at $30,u00. (See cut opp. page.) In 
 November Rev. Archibald Hadden, a graduate from Oberlin College in 1877, and 
 Yale Divinity school in '81, was calletl. Rev. Hadden served as pastor of Lyndale 
 Ave. Chureli at Minneapolis for 7 years, and for some time past has been field sec- 
 retary for Carleton ColU'ge of Northtield, Minn. 
 
 Centr.il Methodist Episcopal. — The tiist regular preaching of the M. E. 
 Church, was by Rev. Bennett, 1854 5. Rev. J. M. Pratt came in the spring of '50, 
 to attend the class and soon afterwards decided to build a church. The structure 
 was commenced in '57, partly used in '58, completed and dedicated June 9, '59 by 
 Rev. J. K. Gillett, who was then pastor. That building, including bell, cost $11,600. 
 It was rebuilt in '87 at a cost of $28,000, and with lot, parsonage and furnishings is 
 valued at $50,000. This was dedicated March 11, '88. (See cut page 34.) The present 
 membership, with probationers, is nearly 600. Rev. W. A. Hunsberger, pastor, was 
 born near Hamilton, Ont., and gratluated in 1878, from the Classical course of 
 Albion College. He was appointed to the Muskegon chai'ge in 1890. 
 
 The M. E. Circuit of Muskegon Heig-hts, Lakeside and Bluffton, were set 
 apart in Sept. '91 as a separate charge, and a building commenced at the Heights 
 soon afterwards, was dedicated Feb. 7, '93. Rev. C. L. Preston had this circuit for 
 a year, when Geo. A. Odium was appointed. Rev. Odium's family is pleased with 
 this climate and he has purchased a nice residence on Mafiitt St. The Bluffton 
 Chapel was erected by Geo. H. Tillotson, and presented to the church. Lakeside 
 M. E. Church was dedicated in the summer of '91. The three above societies have 
 a membership of about 175, and are under one charge. 
 
 The First Reformed Protestant (Dutch) Church was organized in 1859, Rev. 
 W. A. Houbolt being tirst pastor. A church edidce built that year was used until 
 '63. when it was sold to the school board and removed to make room for the 
 present. The church is on Spring street between Myrtle and E. Walton, and has 
 a membership of 330. 
 
 Korwegiau Evangelical Lutheran Church, at the corner of Giddings and Yuba 
 streets, was organized in 1864. The church was erected in '65, at corner of Hull 
 and Yuba but soon afterwards was moved to the present location. Rev. K. 
 Skyberg, pastor, was born in Norwa.y 1852, graduated from the Lutheran College 
 at Decorah, Iowa, in 1880, and came to Muskegon in June "91. The membership 
 is al)Out 200. 
 
 St. Paul's Protestant Episcopal. — This church was organized in 1857 and the 
 old inulding erected in 1875. The handsome new edifice, now well under\vay, is 
 of stone, early English gothic style, 119x57 ft., peak of roof 55 ft. high and seating 
 capacity 800. The guild room a d lecture department, connected with the main 
 structure, will befitted with modem improvements. A handsome rectorj' on the 
 same lot will soon be completed. Adjoining the Soldiers' Monument and Hackle^' 
 Liltrary this stone church with handsome adornments is in harmony with the 
 surrounding architectural developments. Rev. P. W. Mosher, rector, was born 
 at Middleton, N. Y.. graduated from St. Stephen's College. N. Y.. in 1884, and 
 
60 
 
 later from the General Theological Seminary, of New York. Rev. Mosher was 
 assistant at Troy, N. Y., pi"ior to taking this charge iu Feb. 91. 
 
 Holland Christian Reformed Church was organized in 1867 hj Rev. K. Van 
 Denbosch, and a building erected at No. 140 S. Terrace St. This was burned May 
 16, '91, but was promptly rebuilt. The congregation consists of 350 families, a 
 total of about 1,300 persons. Rev. J. I. Fles, pastor, Avas born in Netherlands in 
 1842, came to America in '78 and to Muskegon April 1890. He was educated in 
 University of Kampen in his native land and ordained to the ministry iu 1872. 
 Mr. J. Vos, of Netherlands, was educated in province of Groningen and had been 
 teaching at Ferrj'sburg for some years, coming to the Parochial school here April 
 '91. About 150 pupils attend. (See church cut page 64.) 
 
 The First Baptist Church was organized in 1870, by Rev. Hill, who served for 
 13 years as pastor. J. C. Jacob came to the charge in '83; John Oliver '87; S. M. 
 Cramblet '89, and Sept. '93 the present pastor was installed. Rev. Jos. B. Banker 
 was born in New York, graduated from the high school of his native city after 
 which he attended Franklin, Ind., College. He graduated from the Theological 
 Seminary of Morgan Park, in 1884, was pastor at Benton Harbor, Santa Anna, 
 Cal., and Valparaiso, Ind., prior to accepting the call to this church. The first 
 edifice was built iu 1871 and the present handsome church ei'eeted in 1890. This 
 Avith lot and furnishing is valued at about $20,000. (See illustration on page 34.) 
 
 ST. JOHN'S GERMAN EVANGELICAL CHURCH AND PARSONAGE. 
 
61 
 
 The Banish Lutheran Church, located on the S. VV. corner of Peck and New 
 streets, was organized in 1874. Rev. Jens. P. Lilleso came tiie following j'car as 
 pastor, and still continues to minister to this congregation. Rev. Lilleso, was 
 born in Denmark, 1.841, graduated at the Danish school of Ryslinge,*1875, and at 
 once came to Muskegon, where he has been, excepting 4 years of absence, for 17 
 years in one charge. The membership is about 80. 
 
 The Swedish Lutheran Church was organized in 1875, a building erected soon 
 afterward, and has a present membership of about 200. Rev. G. A. Ostergren 
 was V)oru in Sweden, 1854, came to America at 14 years of age, was educated at 
 St. Peter, Minn., and Rock Island, 111., graduating from the latter place in 1886 and 
 shortly afterwards accepting his present pastorate in Muskegon. 
 
 St. John's tiernian Evang-elical Church was organized in 1877 by the Ladies' 
 Society. The church, built on the corner of Pine and Diana streets, was dedicated 
 in 1881. This burned in the great fire of '91 and the present edifice was erected 
 the same year. This handsome structure, lot, parsonage and furnishings, cost 
 about $10,000 and was dedicated Jan. '92. Seventy-five families are in the im- 
 mediate charge and 50 other families are served by the pastor of this church. The 
 ministers are supplied by the German Evangelical Synod. Rev. Chas. Kirchner, 
 pastor, was born at Strasburg, Germany, 1861, educated in his native diocese, and 
 was a teacher in the High school there for a number of years. In 1889 he entered 
 the ministry, locating at Columbia City, Ind., where he remained until coming to 
 Muskegon Oct. 1891. (See cut on opp. page.) 
 
 A Norwegian Lutheran Church was organized in 1881 by Rev. J. Sether and a 
 building was erected in '83 at the corner of Grand Ave. and Barclay St. The 
 society has a membership of about 400. Rev. A. Krogstad, pastor, was born in 
 Norway, in 1864, came to America in '80 and graduated from the theological insti- 
 tute at Redwing, Minn., May '90, shortly afterwards accepting his px'esent charge 
 in Muskegon. 
 
 Elim Swedish Baptist church was organized by Rev. J. P. Forsell, in 1881, 
 and a church built the next year. This was burned March '91, and the present 
 church dedicated Dec. following. Although two societies have gone out from this, 
 the remaining membership is 110. Rev. C. W. Lundmai'k, pastor, boi'n in Sweden, 
 1865, came to America in '86. He is a student of the Union Baptist Theological 
 Seminary of Chicago and will graduate next spring. He has been in charge here 
 since early in '91. 
 
 St. Joseph's R. C, (German) was oi-ganized in 1883, and a substantial brick 
 chui-ch erected at ihe coi'ner of Monroe and Fifth streets. Jos. Benning was in 
 charge till '85, when he was succeeded by Thos. Schneider who died JUI3' 29, '91, 
 and the next month the present pastor came. Rev. N. J. Irmen is a native of Lux- 
 embui'g, German}', and finished his education at Notre Dame, Ind., in 1882. St. 
 Joseph's parocial school has about 100 pupils in charge of Sisters of the Dominican 
 order. 
 
 St. Jean Baptiste R. C. (French) church is located at junction of Jefferson 
 and Third sts. It was organized in 1883 by Rev. M. Letellier, and the buildiug 
 was commenced that year but not completed for two years. The parish has 375 
 families and a parochial school of al)out 225 pupils under charge of six Ursuline 
 .sisters, where English and French is taught in common grades. Rev. Jos. R. 
 Magnan, pastor, was born at L'Assomption, Quebec, Canada, in 1857, and gradu 
 
63 
 
 ated from the college of his native town in 1877, Father Maeuai" came to his 
 present charge at Muskegon Sept. 24, '84. He is assisted by Rev. Eutrope Langlois, 
 who graduated from Laval Universit.v of Quebec, 1889. Father Langlois remained 
 in the luiivefsity as a professor for three years; was ordained to the ministry 
 May, '92, assuming his present charge, Aug 4th. 
 
 Swedish Evangelical Lutheran Mission church was organized in 1885. and the 
 present edifice, which is located on the N. E. corner of Giddings and Yuba 
 streets, was erected soon afterward. Rev. Albin Anderson, temporary pastor, 
 was born in 1863, and came to America in 1887. He is a student of the West 
 Side Theological Seminary at Chicago, and will graduate in the spring of '94. Mr. 
 Anderson came to Muskegon on the 18th day of November last and will I'emain at 
 his present charge until January '93. The present membership is seventy-tive. 
 
 Second Holland Chrisliau Reformed church was organized in 1887, and the 
 present building, located on Fourth street near Mason avenue, was erected the 
 same year. Rev. A. Keizer officiated as the first pastor and was succeeded by 
 Rev. J. B. Hoekstra, who now has charge. He was born in Netherlands and came 
 to America in 188 L, entering the theological seminary at Grand Rapids, from 
 Avhence he graduated in '87. He came to Muskegon August '91. The meml^er- 
 ship numljer is 310. 
 
 The Second Baptist 
 Church was oi'ganized Dec. 
 31, -89, by the late Rev. 
 J. C. Jacob, who with re- 
 igious zeal secured the 
 building of a suitable 
 church, corner of Hovey 
 avenue and Sanford street, 
 Muskegon Heights. This 
 cost about $5,000, and was 
 dedicated Feb. 28, "92. 
 Rev. Jacob fell from an 
 electric car in April, and 
 May 5, '92, died from effects 
 of the fall. He was greatly 
 loved and it was esti- 
 mated that 10,000 people 
 attended the funeral. The 
 church is now named in 
 his honor, "J. C. Jacob 
 Memorial," and belongs to 
 the White River Baptist 
 Association. Rev. Geo. H. 
 Lockhart. who was called to this pastorate on his thirty-fifth birthday anniversary, 
 was born May 22. 1857, at St. Martins, N. B., on the bay of Funday. He was edu 
 cated at the Baptist Seminary in his native city, and after a few years in business 
 entered the ministry, having been ordained in Galesburg May 22, '89. Rev. 
 Lockhart is an ardent worker and has witnessed the conversion of many souls. 
 Free Norwegian Lutheran Church, corner Southern ave. and Franklin street, 
 
 
 JACOB MEMORIAL CHURCH. 
 
63 
 
 was organized in 1887; but it was three ,vears later before a church was built. The 
 membership of twenty-five, for two years past, has been in charge of Rev. Ole 
 Hornas, who was born in Norway in 1853, and came to America in 1881. 
 
 (Jrand Ave. Cougre^atioiial church was organized in 1888 by Rev. J. F. Kel- 
 logg, and the next year the present church building, corner Grand ave. and Divis 
 ion street, was erected. Rev. Kellogg continued his pastorate until hisdeath Aug. 14, 
 '93. R^v. A. E. Seibert came Oct. 1st He is a native of Canada taught German for a 
 time, took a three year's theological course, entering the ministry in 1883, sinca 
 which he has been pastor in this and other states. The meml^ership is about 100, 
 Rev. Seibert also has charge of the Jackson St. Congregational church, which 
 was organized in 1891, and has about thirty members. 
 
 Third Holland Christian Reformed church was organized in February. 1890, 
 by Rev. A. Keizer, and a building erected on the south side of Allen sti'cet, near 
 Wood avenue the same year. Rev. Peter Koster, Avho now has charge, is the tirst 
 regular pastor. He was born in Netherlands 1845, came to America in 76 and 
 graduated at Grand Rapids, Mich., in '84. Re came to Muskegon in Decemljer 
 1890, at which time the membership was sixty-eight families, but by energetic 
 work he has doubled the membership. 
 
 Second Reformed Chnrch. — This church was organized under the direction 
 of Rev. Wm. jNIoerdyk of the First Reformed church in April, 1891, and the edifice 
 corner Houston ave. and Jefferson st., was dedicated August, 1891. Rev. G. H. 
 Hospers, pastor, came to Muskegon Sept. 6, '93. He was born at Pella, Iowa, in 
 1864, graduated from Hope College in '84, and the Holland Theological Semiuai'y 
 in '87. His fii'st charge was at East Williamson, N. Y., which he held for five 
 years prior to coming here. The present membership is about fifty. 
 
 German Evangelical Zion cliurch was organized Oct. 1, 1891, by Rev. A. 
 Kreuter, who still has charge. A new church is beiug erected at tlie corner of 
 Fourth street and Strong avenue. Mr. Kreuter was born in Germany and gradu- 
 ated from the Theological College at Basel, Switz., in 1874. He was in South 
 America for several years in missionary work, and in 1885 he located near St. Joe, 
 Mich., removing to Muskegon in 1887, and having charge of the Pine Street, St. 
 John's German Evangelical cliui-ch until its destruction by the tire of '91. The 
 church has about fifty families and several siugle members. A parochial school is 
 held in connection. 
 
 Scandinavian M. E. Church. — Rev. H. E. Christophersou started a mission 
 Oct., '91, which consummated in the organization of a class March 3, this year, and 
 the erection of a neat chapel at the corner of Grand ave. and Franklin street, which 
 was dedicated Nov. 30th. 
 
 Young- Men's Christian Association.— The Muskegon Y. M. C. A. was organized 
 Feb. 1, '90, and h.is a preseut membership of 300. The association occupies the 
 second and third floors of the Russel Block, and tlie compartments are pronounced 
 by critics to l)e among the best rented rooms in the country. The gymnasium is 
 especially complete, having nearly all the modern appliances for symmetrical 
 body-building. It is 30x65 feet in size with 30-feet ceiling. A running track is 
 suspended 12 feet from the floor and requires 34 laps to the mile. The parlors 
 are beautifully furnished, and the finest bath rooms in the city are in the Y. M. C 
 A. The bowling alleys, reading room and educational class departmeut are all 
 
64 
 
 well equipped. George Williams was the leading spii'it in organiziug the Young 
 Men's Chi'istiau Association in London, in 1844. For 20 years thei'e was no special 
 uniformity in conducting the different societies: but since that time the work has 
 been more clear]}- outlined, and has been endorsed by all evangelical chui'ches as 
 an auxiliai-y to christian work. It was started in the United States in 1851, and 
 active organizations are now working in 1,500 cities, with a membership of 300,000 
 and property worth $15,000,000. It has made a wonderful development and the 
 remarkable progi'ess of the physical culture department reflects credit upon the 
 zealous workers for sanitary reform. In city life the gymnasium is an essential 
 feature for growing young men and under Physical Director Lewis O. Gillesbj', a 
 native of Waterford, Ont., this department is doing great good in Muskegon. 
 Arthur F. Barrett, a native of Somei's, Conn., was educated in the schools of 
 Springfield, Mass., and for several j^ears was in railroad, newspaper and insur- 
 ance work, in 1887 he engaged as a secretary of the Young Men's Christian 
 Association, after four years at Yonkers, N. Y., going to Newton, Mass., Avhere he 
 remained until induced to accept a home in Muskegon. He entered upon his 
 duties here Nov. 1st, and his active inaugural work stamps him as the right man 
 for the place. 
 
 "^ 
 
 HOLLAND CHRISTIAN REFORMED CHURCH AND PARSONAGE. 
 
65 
 
 IRON AND STEEL MANUFACTURING. 
 
 The conditions shown in images 5 to 12 of tiiis pampiilot, arc siicii that, 
 we are warranted in predicting great progress in the leading industry of 
 tlie United States — iron and steel — at this port, in the ininiediati- future. 
 Witliiu a few years past, the young steel plants in Chicago have demonstrated, 
 that, although without ore, or fuel to convert it, in their immediate 
 vii'iiiit}', as Pittsburg has, yet the facilities for transporting these raw com- 
 modities and shorter distance to the center of consumption, enable them to fully 
 compete with Pittsburg in the western market. Andrew^ Carnegie, the greatest 
 authority in this country upon the steel industry, in an address to his em, loyees 
 at Braddock a year or two since made this significant statement: "You have 
 read a great deal recently of a vast combination in steel-making formed in Chicago. 
 I have no desire to underrate the importance of that movement, nor of $0,000,000 
 to be applied to the building of works for plate-making, structural shapes, and 
 all the various forms of steel. I have expected such action for a long time. There 
 is nothing surprising to me about it. I have told this community, and I have lab- 
 ored for yeai's to impress it upon the railx'oad companies of the State, that the 
 latter had made it possible, by heavy reductions of rates upon material destined 
 for points beyond the limits of the State, to manufacture a ton of Bessemer steel 
 pig iron just as cheap in Chicago as it can be manufactured in Pittsburg. There 
 is no question about this. It is a matter of figures which 1 have given, that no 
 man has ventured to contradict, and wiiich have been publicly corroborated by 
 Mr. Stew'art, general freight agent of the Penn.sylvania company. I am credited 
 with having said that the south was to be Pennsylvania's great i-ivai, but what 
 I said was that it was to be the chief competitor for foundry iron in the 
 eastern district of Pennsylvania. The south will not trouble Pittsburg. Our com- 
 petitor is not the south; it is Chicago, and favored ports of Lake Michigan." 
 
 Muskegon Iron and Steel Co. — This company, one of the greatest in importance 
 among our manufai-'.uring concerns, was incorporated April 1890 with a paid up 
 
 , mm 
 
 
 MUSKEGON ROLLING MILL AND STEEL WORKS. 
 
GG 
 
 capital of $200,000 and has been in full operation foralnnit two years. The rapidly 
 increasing business has compelled enlargement of the plant on four occasions and 
 the present floor surface covers 65,000 square feet of space, all of which is fully 
 occupied. The works are equipped with the best machinery and scientific ap- 
 pliances n.sed in the art of manufacturing iron and steel, in this i-espect being un- 
 excelled bvany similar institution in the land. The Muskegon Iron and Steel Co. 
 is no small factor in the city's development as it keeps 325 men activel}'^ employed, 
 disbursing about $10,000 per month in wages, and jnaking a yearly output of 18,- 
 000 tons of high grade iron and steel, exclusivelj'- by the open-hearth process, the 
 heating of which is done entirely by fuel gas which is manufactured on the prem- 
 ises. The exti'a fine product turned out from this mill has been met with prompt 
 appreciation from all who have used it. Recently, a manufacturer who had used 
 one brand of iron for 50 years, not having found other makes satisfactory, has 
 placed a contract with this comjiany for a large share of his requirements, for the 
 coming year, solely on account of the superior quality produced by the Muskegon 
 Iron and Steel Co. The plant covers 19 acres of land adjoining Lake Michigan 
 Park, has 800 feet of front on Muskegon harbor, with extensive docks, convenient 
 railway ti'acks and ample facilities for handling ore, coal, iron, etc, as well as for 
 shipment of their immense output of freight. As a result of a superior location 
 for the development of iron manufacture, and the pui'suit of an enterprising 
 policy, this company has within two years built up a large and constantlj^ increas- 
 ing trade among solid customers. S. T. Williams, president and general manager, 
 is a native of Cleveland and has been continuously engaged in iron woi'k for 23 
 vears. E. W. Gi'ay.a lumberman of this city, was elected as secretary and treasurer 
 last July. W. H. Thompson, superintendent, has for 14 years past been connected 
 with Mr. Williams in business and is acquainted with every minutiae of manufac- 
 ture. 
 
 Lakeside Iron Company. — This foundry and machine shop is located at No. 
 303-7 W^. Western ave.,with convenient buildings, equipped with approved machin- 
 erv for handling or manufacturing anything in this line. The making and re- 
 pairing of marine machinery, saw and shingle machinery or auj' similar iron and 
 machine work comes in the line of this company as the works are fully equipped 
 as a foundr}' and machine .shop, with extensive lathes, iron planers, steam ham- 
 mers and every facility for iron work. The business is steadily increasing, the 
 firm holding a trade in Michigan and adjoining states; giving employment to 
 about 35 men and annually producing $75,000 to $100,000 in repairs and new work. 
 The concern was incorporated at Lakeside in 1884, the present chief owners and 
 officers are E. G. Rote, president; David Burns, secretary, and C. S. Clover, 
 treasurer. Three times the establishment has suffered from fire, and six yeai's 
 since it was moved to the present location. The reputation of these works for 
 promptness and first-class work has given it a place among Muskegon's solid 
 business concerns. In addition to manufacture and repairs the company deals in 
 new and second-hanil work. (See cut ])age 73.) 
 
 Barous Brothers, — Saws. — The manufacture of circular saws was commenced 
 in 1872 by O. P. & J. R. Barcus. The former is now sole proprietor but still con- 
 tinues the original firm name. The works contain a complete outfit of machinery, 
 required in this line, and produce all kinds of circular and band saws, which have 
 gained a wide populai'ity in the timber regions of Michigan and adjoining states 
 
67 
 
 for^their superior material and workniaiiship. The operations are under tlie jier- 
 sonal imanagement of tlie proprietor wiiose experience in Piltshurg and else- 
 where dates back to 1861 . Every saw turned out is fully warranted, and the suc- 
 cess here of a special industry of this character attests to the zeal and honorable 
 conduct of the business at Clay ave. and Seventh St., Muskegon. 
 
 MUSKEGON BOILER WORKS. 
 
 Muskeg"OU Boiler Works. — In no other department of industrial work is there a 
 greater necessity for excellency of material and workmanship than in the produc- 
 tion of steam boilers, as hundreds of lives and much valuable property may be 
 hazarded bj"^ a serious defect in either. As Muskegon is rapidly becoming an 
 industrial center,the supplying of boilers is an important assistance, and the above 
 firm is fully equipped for first-class work. The business originated here with 
 Luke Turnbull in 1867. Edw. Behrens was formerly a partner with Mr. Turnbull 
 and has had nearly 30 .years' experience in this line. CD. Stevens was formerly a 
 l)artuer with Johnson Bros. & Co., the immediate predecessors of this firm, and 
 his experience in boiler making extends over 20 j^ears. The Muskegon Boiler 
 Works gives employment to a large foi'ce of workmen, and boilers from this con- 
 cern are found in the new water works, Alaska Refrigerator Co., Nelson Piano Co. 
 Gray Bros., Muskegon Street Railway Co., Muskegon Brewing Co. and several 
 other enterprises of this place. Not only has this firm secured a good local trade 
 Init the superiority of its products has brought orders from New Orleans and 
 other points in the South; Minnesota, Wisconsin, Illinois and other western 
 states and from various places in Michigan. The company does a general business 
 in boiler making, including mill, marine and other styles; everything in smoke 
 stacks, stand pipes, refuse burners and. in fact, the full line of sheet and boiler iron 
 work. The business is steadily increasing upon its merits, as the work sent out 
 receives the hearty approval and favorable comment of customers. 
 
Rodgers Iron Co. 
 
 Alex. Rodgers, Sr., 
 started a foundry and 
 machine shop in 1857, 
 selling an interest to his 
 sons, Alex. Jr., John, 
 Hugh and Adam in '69. 
 It was incorporated in 
 '83 as Rodgers Iron 
 Mfg. Co., $90,000 capital. 
 Alex. Kodgers, Sr., Pres., 
 has been identified with 
 Muskegon's varied inter- 
 ests for 35 years. Wm. 
 F. Chrystal, Secy., has 
 been with this house 
 for 27 yeai-s. Alex. Rod- 
 gers, Jr., Treas., is one 
 of the sons, who have 
 been brought up in this 
 trade. The company 
 does general jobbing, 
 foundry and machine 
 work, many of its pro- 
 ductions being inven- 
 tions of its members. 
 These are fully explained 
 in a 90 page catalogi c 
 that will be sent on ap- 
 plication, the scope of 
 work covering marine 
 and mill machinery of all 
 kinds, and water works 
 pumps. The plant covers 
 5 acres of ground at the 
 foot of First street, is 
 thoroughly equipped and 
 employs al)Out 75 men. 
 Some 800 tons of iron 
 work is turned out an- 
 nually. The new St. Joe 
 Sand Brick Machine is 
 made by this firm and 
 will revolutionize brick making. Interested persons should apply to C. B. Fields, 
 St. Joe, Mich. The Rodgers Co. has been an important fa tor in Muskegon's 
 upbuilding, as machine shops and foundries are indispensable to manufacturing 
 success, and this estaljlishment not only makes a large and varied line of marine 
 machinery, but turns out all descrii)tions of new or repair Avork to the order of 
 customers. 
 
69 
 
 Davies' Iron Works, located at 193 to 203 W. Western ave., was started iii 
 1856, and lias done an extensive business as a machine and repair shop. In 1885 
 it was incorporated with capital stock of $45,000, and now arrangements are being 
 perfected to change'the operations of the concern into iron wheel truck making. 
 A handsome 38-page illustrated catalogue showing their various styles of trucks 
 for saw mills, lumber yai'ds, baggag(^ rooms, etc., has recently been issued. The 
 officers are S. N. Davies, Pres. ; Squier Davies, V. Pres. and Sec; L. G. Mason, 
 Treus. 
 
 Thomas B. Gregrory for a number of years past has conducted a saw manu- 
 factorjf and repair shop at No. 15 Market street. Mr. Gregory is a native of 
 Sheffield, England, and has resided in Muskegon for 30 years. He is prepared to 
 turn out on short notice anything recpiired in the shape of a saw, and also looks 
 aft 'r repair work in this special line of business. 
 
 FLOUR, SAW AND PLANING MILLS. 
 
 Miiskeg-oii City Mill Co. — This enterprise originated in 1869 and has been in- 
 creased from time to time. Two ,years since the mill was destroyed by fire and 
 tlie ])resent i^hmt on Water street at foot of Pine was put in. It is a full roller 
 mill with all requisite modern machinery, having a capacity of over 250 barrels of 
 tlour per day besides custom work, chop-feed, etc. The annual product is about 
 8 ),000 barrels of flour while 60,003 bushels of corn and 20,030 bushels of oats are 
 u.sed, besides lai'ge quantities of buckwheat and rye. The product is of a high 
 grade and finds a ready local sale as well as demand for shipment to leading mar- 
 kets. Located on a deep water front, the grain from Chicago or Milwaukee boats 
 is unloaded directly into the elevators of the City Mill Co. With railroad con- 
 nection in front and water communication in the rear, this concern is able to turn 
 out lir.st-class goods in competition with the best mills in the counti'v. The 
 prosperity of this enterprise has added largely to the commercial activity of this 
 city; the output exceeding $250,000 annually, and has demonstrated that the mill- 
 ing business ma}' be successfully conducted in Muskegon, C. H. Hacklej', Pres., 
 has been prominent in Muskegon's development. H. S. Henderson, V. Pres. and 
 Mgr., is head of a large mercantile house at Holton, Mich., and has been a resi 
 dent of this city for over a quarter of a century. James Frazer, Sec, has been a 
 resident of Muskegon since 1876, was for several years in the drug trade and live 
 years since became a member of the al)ove eoiupany. Leonard Eyke, Treas., is a 
 prominent lumberman. The concern was capitalized March, 1890, with $75,000 and 
 is among our soliil institutions. 
 
 The Lumber Interest. — The industry, which almost unaided, maintained the 
 commercial interests of this place from 1850 to 1885 cannot be passed without bi-ief 
 mention Fifty years ago the extensive valley of the Muskegon, embracing 
 several thousand square miles in extent, was almost an unbroken pine forest, 
 mingled Avith hemlock oak, beech, maple and other varieties of timber. Sub- 
 se(iuent to the fur traders the early settlers came here to develop the lumber 
 interest. B. H. Wheelock erected a steam saw mill in 1837 and sawed the first' 
 lumber on Muskegon Lake in '38; J. H. Ford, who commenced a water mill in 
 August 1837. eighteen months later loaded a vessel with 40,000 feet of lumber, 
 the first shipment made in this vicinity. Hiram Jndson & Co. purchased this mill 
 in 1840. maile extensive repairs and it did good sei'vice until it was burned in 
 
71 
 
 1856. In 1850 there were six mills, with average capacity of 10,000 Icet each, 
 per cla^y. During the next decade about one mill each year was added, of better 
 facilities, and average capacity raised to more than double the former record. 
 The mills continued to increase until over forty were in opei'ation, and in the 
 yeai- 1884, 000,568,834 feet of lumber and 482,277,000 .shingles were manufacturetl 
 at Muskegon. Such enormous productions gave to Muskegon the title of "The 
 Lumber Queen." As the lumber in the interior, accessible to Muskegon river, 
 became scarcer, the mills have been removed from time to time, and now a lum- 
 ber trade is being built up by shipping from other points here for inspecting, 
 grading, etc., as mentioned under the U. S. customs. 
 
 Ryersoii, Hills & Co. — Theo. Newell commenced building a mill on the recent 
 site of Rj'erson, Hills & Go's, mill in 1833. completing it the next year. In 1845 this 
 site was purchased by Martin Ryerson and J. H. Knickerbocker and a new mill 
 was erected. R. W. Morris became a partner in 1847 and retired in 1865. Chas. 
 T. Hills, Ezra Stevens and H. H. Getty became partners at that time, Mr. Stevens 
 dying in January 1869. The firm erected a new mill in 1881, which has recently 
 been removed to the upper peninsula by John Torrent. January 1881, Martin 
 Ryerson was admitted to the firm and the interest was incorporated in 1885 as the 
 Ryei'son Manufacturing Go. Chas. T. Hills, senior partner of the company, w^as 
 born in Bennington. Vt., November 14, 1821, removed to Gi'and Rapids in 1838, 
 and Maj' 1852, commenced shaving shingles in this vicinity. He located in 
 Muskegon, in September 1853, and engaged as bookkeeper for Ryerson &MoiTis, 
 purchasing the latter's interest in 1865. Since his connection with this firm more 
 than 800 million feet of lumber have been cut by their mills. Mr. Hills owns 
 75,000 acres of timber land in Mississippi. As a liberal spirited citizen he has 
 figured prominently in the principal interests of Muskegon's advancement. Mr. 
 Hills was for nine years president of the Muskegon (now Hackle^') National Bank, 
 is president of the Booming Co., president of the Oceana Co. Savings Bank, and is 
 largely interested in the principal monetary institutions here, as well as a stock- 
 holder in several of the manufacturing concerns. From early manhood he has 
 been a prominent Mason, for fifteen successive years was elected as eminent 
 commander of Muskegon Commandery No. 22, and August 19, 1872, enjoj^ed the 
 rare distinction of receiving the last and 33rd degree in Masoniy. 
 
 Hackley & Hume. — One of the leading firms in the lumber trade here is that 
 of Hackley *S: Hume, which succeeded G. H. Hackley & Co. in 1880, the firm having 
 l)een Hackley & McGordon for a number of years prior to 1881. The plant of this 
 firm occupies two entire blocks, controlling a large dockage and with annual 
 capacity of 30 million feet of lumljer and eight million lath. In their operations 
 here, and in the forests of Claire county whence the lumber comes, this firm gives 
 employment to about 300 men. The output of this mill is sold at wholesale onl^^, 
 and goes chiefij' to Chicago, by the vessels of this firm. Chas. H. Hacklej', senior 
 partner, has been intimatelj^ connected with the progress of Muskegon, of Avhich 
 he has been a resident for thirty-five years past. In the spring of 1859, upon the 
 failure of Pomeroy & Holmes in the mill business, Mr. Hackley, who had been 
 keeping books for Durkee, Truesdell & Co., arranged with his father and Mr. 
 Truesdell to purchase the Pomeroy plant, and the new firm was styled J. H. 
 Hackley & Co. The following year the firm purchased adjoining mills which they 
 continued to operate until 1866. About this time Mr. Hackley's brothers, Edwin 
 
and Porter, purchased JVIr. Truesdeirs interest and the firm became Hackley & 
 Sons. James Mc(iordon became a partner with C. H. Hackley in tlie Win^ mill 
 under the firm name of Hackley & McGordou in 1866. After the mill of Hackley 
 & Sons was sold in 1873, a new mill was erected at a cost of $80, 000. In 1874 J. H- 
 Hackley died, the Hackley & McGordon mill burned and Mr. McGordon purchased 
 the senior Hackley's interest, the firm becoming C. H. Hackley & Co. Edwin 
 Hacklej'^ died in 1878 and James McGoi'don in 1880, when Thomas Hume became 
 a partner, under the present firm name. Porter Hackley died in 1884. Mr. 
 Hackley's further mention is found under other interests. Thomas Hume first saw 
 the light in the Emerald Isle and in early manhood came to Amei'ica. He was 
 book-keeper for the firm of Hackley & McGordon for severaly ears before becoming 
 a i^artner, and is intimately acquainted with all the details of the business. Mr. 
 Hume is vice-president of the Alaska Refrigerator Compan3% and largely interested 
 in the manufacturing and mercantile establishments of Muskegon. In addition to 
 all the above interests, the firm owns lai'ge tracts of land in Mississippi, 
 Louisiana, Arkansas, Minnesota, Wisconsin, and ai"e aniong the solid institution of 
 this city. 
 
 McGraft Lumber Co. — This company was organized in 1883, with a capital of 
 $75,000, and has its oftiee at No. 245 Lake street. The establishment is conspicuous 
 among the man,y great lumbei'ing enterprises of this State. The mill, 75x100 feet 
 in size, was erected by Newcomb McGraft in 1883, and has a capacity of 75 000 
 feet of lumber per day, the average 3'early output being about 9 million feet. The 
 firm operates a planing mill in connection, fully equipped with all the first-class 
 machinery required in this branch of trade. The planing capacity is about 75,000 
 feet per day. The company handles the different grades of lumber, carrying a full 
 line of pine, hemlock, basswood, cherry, ash, oak and other kinds of hard wood as 
 well as lath and shingles. Nearly a hundred men are employed in the different 
 departments of the business here. The McGraft company owns about 600 feet of 
 dock and boom property, receiving logs from the Muskegon river on the latter and 
 are full}' jjrepared to successfully conduct a lai'ge l)usiness. The lauds extend back 
 to Lake street and comprise an excellent lake front. Newcomb McGraft, presi- 
 dent and treasurer lias been for 20 years in the lumber manufacture of this city, 
 and is largely interested in Muskegon. Martin Kelly, vice-president, has been 
 raised in the lumber business and witli this Company since its organization, while 
 Geo. D. Smith, secretary, formerly merchandising, has also been connected with 
 the McGraft Lumber Co. since its organization. 
 
 Montg.niiPry & Champag'iie. — This business was established in 1874 by McGraft 
 tfe Montgomery who conducted the same until 1882, when A. S. Montgomery be- 
 came sole owner. Five years later the firm became Montgomery, Champagne & 
 Co., and in 1891 the style was changed to the present. The mill has been thor- 
 oughly overliauled by the present owners, and now has two combination band and 
 circular saw outfits, practically making it a double mill. The capacity is about 
 109,000 feet of lumber per day; the an lual output ranging from 13 to 15 million 
 feet per year. For some time past the trade in hardwood has been constantly on 
 the increase and by meeting the requirements in this line the firm has secured a 
 rapidly increasing business in that direction. Montgomery & Champagne have 
 450 feet of lake front and numerous other real estate interests in and about the 
 city. 
 
78 
 
 LAKESIDE IRON WORKS. 
 
 Hovey & McC'rackeu. — Anioug the foremost nianufacturersof lumber in West- 
 ern Mieliiajan the above firm stands in the front rank, its capacity for producing 
 forty million feet of lumber per j^ear being equalled by but few firms in this section 
 of country. The trade of Hovey & McCracken extends to the principal business 
 centers of the union, covering shipments both by rail and lake, largely by water 
 transportation. They operate tAVo extensive mill plants employing about 100 men 
 in each. One of these mills was ei'ected by the above firm in 1881, and the other 
 purchased from A. V. Mann & Co. in 1890. Combination circular and band saw 
 equipments are found in one; the other mill comprises a circular and gang outfit. 
 The Mann &Co. mill was purchased by the former firm from Sharp, Harris & Co., 
 in 1867, and five years later was burned, after which it was rebuilt by A. V. Mann 
 and J. W. Moon. Hovey & McCracken own over half a mile of Avater front, all of 
 which is required for docks and booms to accommodate this immense business. 
 
 Thayer Lumber Co.— One of the foremost firms in lumber manufacturing 
 on Muskegon Lake is the Thayer Lumber Co., which operates two complete mills, 
 giving steady employment to about 300 men, and producing an annual output of 
 about 40 million feet of lumber in addition to lath, shingles, etc., for at the ])resent 
 time, with modern inventions, there is ])ractically no waste material. A complete 
 band saw mill with modern e((nipments; a circular and gang mill of approved style 
 are kept in full operation, turning out lumber, lath and shingles. The Thayer 
 Company owns 425 feet of lake front, and has unexcelled facilities for shipment 
 by water or rail. One of the mills on this site was erected by L. G. Mason & 
 Co. in 186.5. In 1878 it was p rchased by this company and refitted throughout, 
 having from time to time been replenished with the best modern mill machinery. 
 Nathaniel Thayer, president of the company, is a resident of Boston, where he is 
 
«'ngaged iu several prominent enterprises Hngii Park, secretary and treasurer 
 has been with the above company since its organization and Thos. Munroe is 
 among the old lumbermen of this city. Both the above are prominently connected 
 with Muskegon's industrial enterprises. 
 
 Torrent & Co. — This firm is composed of John Torrent, the well-known luni- 
 Ijcrman, banker, capitalist and developer of Muskegon, with J. H. Lemieux, an 
 old time lumberman, and H. O. Lange, cashier of the Merchants" National Bank, 
 The establishment formerly known as the Davis mill, was erected about 1865 and 
 has changed proprietors several tiaies, com'.ng into the present style of firm 1886. 
 Two circular saws having a capacity of about 100,000 feet per day, and all the ad- 
 juncts of a complete mill are found, the annual output averaging some 15 million 
 feet per year. The logs are received both by river and rail, and sliipments made 
 likewise. While pine has the precedent, a large quantity of hemlock and considera- 
 ble oak is found among the products of this mill. Firms of tiiis character, which 
 search out the forests, turning the raw products into merchantable commod- 
 ities, thereby utilizing the labor of the city, assist in sustaining Muskegon's claim 
 to be called a manufacturing city. 
 
 Lakeside Mauufacturing^ Co. — This company conducts an extensive saw and 
 planing mill and box factory business, the sawing capacity being about 135,000 
 feet, and the annual output aggi'egating some 18 million feet. The box depart- 
 ment manufactures for the general wholesale trade, doing a business of about 
 $100,000 in that line. The affairs of the company are in a highly prosperous con- 
 dition, its sound business methods having secured for the Lakeside Manufacturing 
 Co. a wide acquaintance with the commercial world. The business was originally 
 established in 1883 by Hunter Tillotson & Co., who were succeeded by Tillotson & 
 Loveless Co., with capital stock of $35,000. This company was bought out by P. 
 P. Misner in 1890, whose interests were merged with the present Lakeside com- 
 pany which was organized iu May '91, with capital stock of $30,000. The officers 
 are J. W. Moon, president; Geo. J. Tillotson, vice-president; P, P. Misner, sec- 
 retary, and W, W. Barcus, ti'easurer, all well-known business men of Muskegon. 
 
 Strong & McBride. — Among the mills here that make a specialty of producing 
 shingles, none are better equipped for the trade than the above. Supplied with all 
 the necessary machinery for rapid and economical work, Strong & McBride"s 
 mill turns out immense quantities of both pine and cedar shingles. The mill works 
 over 50 hands, has a capacity for producing 300,000 shingles per day, and the past 
 year showed a business of 33 million shingles, which were principally shipped to 
 the eastern markets. Jaman E. Strong has resided in this vicinity for 25 years, 
 and John F. McBride has lived in Kent and Muskegon counties for over 30 years, 
 both partners having been actively interested iu the various branches of lumber- 
 ing from boyhood. 
 
 W. R. Jones Saw MilL — This plant has a sawing capacity of 40,000 feet of luinl)er 
 daily, and the sawing department is equipped with a first-class baud saw, which 
 makes a specialty of cutting hard-wood and has a capacity for the production of 
 alout 30,000 feet of lumber per da3^ Mr. Jones has resided in this city for about 
 a quarter of a century, and for many years past has been interested in lumber 
 matters. Logs are principally received by the river, and lumber shipped both by 
 lake and rail to meet the requirements of customers. 
 
RES. LEON E. CHASE. -CHASE ADDITION. 
 
 RES. LYMAN G. MASON. 
 
Band Saw Shinjjle Mill.— Ainoiitr recent inventions of importance to shingle 
 makers, is the band saw shingle mill expressly for this use. It is claimed that l)y 
 its use ten to eleven thousand shingles can be cut from a thousand feet of logs, 
 approximating double the amount obtained by former methods and requiring only 
 about half the number of men in operating the machines. This device cuts any 
 required length from IG to 24 inches and turns out a superior quality of work. 
 D. H. Kail is from Renovo, Penn., and has been for many years manufactuiing 
 and operating shingle mill machinery. He is the inventor of numerous valuable 
 improvements connected with this line of business and has recently located in 
 Muskegon, to illustrate in operation, a complete band shingle mill which is 
 rapidly attracting the attention of shingle mill men, and we are glad to note tliat 
 Mr. Ball is receiving many inquries for this invention, which by its timber saving 
 alone makes a large profit to the mill man. Pine and cedar are becoming scarcer 
 each year and the saving of nearly half is a very important feature. 'JMie manu- 
 facture of this machine will doubtless become an important part of Muskeo-on's 
 industrial development. 
 
 Munroe Mauufacturing- Co. — Doubtless the most extensive planing mill in 
 Muskegon is that of the Munroe Manufacturing Co., which gives employment to 
 about 80 men, has a capacity for handling 200,000 feet per day, and does an annual 
 business above 30 million feet of planed lumber. The company does general cus- 
 tom planing and lumber dressing in its various lines. Box shooks, barbed-wire re.-ls 
 and many similar articles are made here. The plant has been in operation about 
 a dozen years, it is located on 23 acres of ground adjoining Wood ave. and Am- 
 brosia st , which is mostly occupied with buildings, lumber piles, etc. It contains 
 a full line of dry kilns and all the requisite machinery for rapid and complete work 
 in the line of planing and general lumber dressing. Thos. Munroe, president, and 
 Hugh Park, secretary, are both connected with the Thayer Lumber Company, 
 where thej^ have personal mention. 
 
 Wiselog-el's Planing- Mill.— The planing mill of W. F. Wiselogel on Park ave., 
 at railroad junction, is one of the foremost of its kind in the city. Mr. Wiselogel 
 has been in the planing business here for more than a score of years, establishing 
 his present plant in 1886. The grounds, 6i acres, are traversetl by three side 
 tracks, and the buildings are thoroughly equipped for all kiiuis of planing, mortic- 
 ing and other requirements of a complete sash, door and blind factory. Three 
 large boilers furnish steam to drive the hundred horse-power engine that runs the 
 machinery, The mill has a planing capacity of over 100,000 feet per day, is 
 equipped with a Common Sense drykiln, 65 light dynamo, and all the necessary 
 adjuncts for rapid and effective work. Mr. Wiselogel is city treasurer, and has 
 been prominently connected with Muskegon's advancement. 
 
 Lang'elaml Manufacturing Co. — This firm owns and operates an extensive 
 planing mill plant, besides being dealers in lumbei", lath and shingles. A specialty 
 is made in the manufacture of doors, sash, blinds and inside tinishings both in 
 soft and hard-\vood. The works are fitted with approved modern ai>pliances, for 
 successfully conducting the business. The mill, which is lighted by electricity, is 
 comparatively new, having been ei'ccted by the present firm about 7 years ago. 
 Henry E. Langeland and Nicholas Fyt, the owners, are both practical workmen, 
 having been handling lumber for the past 25 or 30 j'ears. The planing department 
 has a dressing capacity of 80 to 100,000 feet daily, some 12 to 15 million feet being 
 
79 
 
 turued out annually. From three to live million feet of lumber is yearly used up 
 in their sash, door and blind department. The products of the works are largely 
 shipped to the south and east by rail. 
 
 W. (i. Watson & Co. — Under liead of U. S. customs we have alluded to the 
 fact that Muskegon is a superior point to build up a lumber market for the in- 
 terior. In the line of shipments by rail the above firm are among the pioneers 
 and have ever held a leading trade, handling from 25 to 35 million feet of lumber 
 annually. The firm pui'chase in cargo lots from Wisconsin, Northern Michigan 
 and elscAvhere, all desirable grades of pine, which, after seasoning here, is graded, 
 inspected, and forwarded to customers in the East and South. The plant of W. 
 G. Watson & Co. is equipped with a large and fii'st-class planing outfit, and with 
 recent purchases now occupies about 60 acres of ground, covering 1,650 feet of 
 water front in a most desirable pari of the city. The planing mills, store sheds, 
 and extensive system of yards and docks, cover the available room and furnish 
 unexcelled facilities for the requirements of this immense trade. Success adds to 
 success, and the fact that men of mature judgment and a long experience in this 
 trade have recently made extensive additions in this line, is more than a prediction 
 that Muskegon will increase in her shipments of lumber by rail and become a 
 permanent lumber mai'ket. The extensive developments made by W. G. Watson 
 & Co., demonstrates that this firm has explicit faith in Muskegon's future pros- 
 perity, and will have telling effect upon intelligent capitalists who seek a place 
 for profitable investment. 
 
 Cheesinan & Kelly Mfg'. Co.— This company owns an extensive planing mill on 
 E. Webster ave. The works handle about 10 million feet of lumber annually. 
 The daily capacity is about 75,000 feet, and steady emj)loymentis given to from 30 
 to40 men. From two to three million feet of lumber is annually consumed here in 
 the production of doors, sash, blinds and inside finish. The business was founded 
 by Simmons & Kenney in 1884; Mr. Simmons subsequently purchasing his part- 
 ner's interest, and later selling to the present firm. 
 
 Maxwell Lumber Co. —This company was incorporated May 12, 1888, with 
 capital of $50,000, and is officered with P. W. Maxwell, president; J. L. Murray, 
 vice-president; Matthew Wilsoil, treasurer; Leonard Ej'ke, secretary; office 542 
 W. Western ave. The company deals in pine, hemlock and other lumber at 
 wholesale, handling about 25 million feet annually. Some 30 acres of land is re- 
 quired for storage, as the average amount held in stock reaches 8 to 10 million 
 feet. About 1,000 feet of dock front furnishes vessel privileges, and convenient 
 side tracks give access by rail. The gentlemen forming this companj' are ener- 
 getic and reliable business men, thoroughl^^ conversant with all the practical de- 
 tails of this trade. 
 
 R. K. and >V.H. Mann. — This young firm, commenced dealing in lumber,Jan., 
 1891 and Ijy enterprise and business acumen have acquired alai'ge trade, handling 
 for the present year about 20 million feet, at wholesale. The business is confined 
 to the general pine and hemlock trade and their yards in this city and North 
 Muskegon are thoroughly fitted up for this line. Bennett Brothers, The Collin & 
 Parker Lumber Co., Crossette &Son, and others do a business in this line but space 
 forbids further mention. 
 
80 
 
 RES. JAMES GOW. 
 
 NORTON HOUSE-MUSKEGON HEIGHTS. 
 
81 
 
 R. H. McCrackcii, a native of Muskingum Co., O., located iu Muskegon aljout 
 25 years ago, and for 20 j'ears past has been connected with the lumber business 
 here and in Chicago. In 1889 he engaged in the manufacture and wholesale shingle 
 trade, and has worked up a good business shipping desirable gi'ades of pine and. 
 cedar shingles to the principal markets. Office 185 W. Western avenue. 
 
 John L. Murray. — The business of inspecting is an important one in a lumber 
 manufacturing city. Muskegon has many able iaspectors, who are experienced 
 lumbermen, and among the number John L. Murray, has long done a prominent 
 business, as his reliabilitj' is unquestioned. He is a supervisor from the Sixth 
 ward and is interested in a number of Muskegon's industrial enterprises. Gillett 
 Brothers, P. P. Misner, Jno. C. Swan, E. J. Humphrey and others al.so conduct 
 a similar business. 
 
 Geo. A. Tillotsou lias a full equipped mill; J. E. Montgomery & Co. do a 
 large wholesale trade, and there are perhaps others in this line here, but time and 
 space forbids further research. 
 
 Muskeg'on Booming Co.— The first drive of logs upon tlie Muskegon river was 
 commenced in 1848, each mill owner furnishing his proportionate quota of men to 
 assist, l)ut to prevent confusion a Log and Mill Owners' Association was formed in 
 1852. Three years later the Lumberman's Association was incorporated which 
 continued to do the river business until the Muskegon Booming Co. was chartered 
 as its successor in 1864. Each timber owner brands his logs with a private 
 mark and delivers them at the river when they are taken in charge by the Boom- 
 ing company, floated to the mouth of the river, here to be sorted and delivered to 
 their respective mills. At the highest stage of development nearly 900 men were 
 employed by the company during the driving season and the annual labor account 
 was about $200,000. The number of feet of logs handled by this company has 
 reached the stupenduous figures of nearlj^ ten billions, the lumber therefrom hav- 
 ing given to mill owners a net value of about 120 millions of dollars. The charter 
 of this company expires March '94. but the annual river drive of logs will probably 
 continue for some years later. The ofhcers are John Torrent, president, who has 
 made an enviable record as a lumber dealer and developer of Muskegon interests; 
 Thos. Munroe, secretary, and C. H. Hackley, treasurer, mentioned elsewhere. 
 
 DIVERSIFIED MANUFACTURING INTERESTS. 
 
 Cha.se Bro.s. Piano Co. — When Milo J. Chase began piano manufacture at Ripley, 
 Ohio, thirty-five j'ears ago, it was only the wealthy who could afford the luxury ot 
 an instrument. Mr. Chase had inventive genius, and by keeping in the lead with 
 improved methods has been able to furnish superior pianos at competition prices. 
 For many year's the business Avas conducted at Richmond, Ind., but in 1880 was i"e- 
 moved to Grand Rapids, and ten years later sought the more availal)le point of 
 Muskegon for its principal manufactory, and its increased facilities here have 
 demonstrated the wisdom of this change. The present company Avas organized 
 Oct., 1889, with capital of $225,000. The factory completed July '90, side view of 
 which is shown on susequent page, is 60x250 feet, four stories high, and thoroughly 
 equipped with modern machinerj', which is operated l)y a 200 horse- power Corliss 
 engine. Three Nichols dry-kilns with capacity for seasoning 10,000 feet of lumber 
 every thirty-six hours, and all other necessai'j' adjuncts for rapid and perfect 
 Avork are found. The company has convenient docks and Avarehouse 
 
82 
 
 adjoining the plant, for shipments l)y water; and railroad tracks along side 
 the factor}', giving every facility for receiving Inniber and prompt consign- 
 ment of finished pianos. Uprights and Grands are made in all the pop- 
 ular shades of mahogany, walnut, oak and I'ose wood, finished in a superb 
 manner, as every attention is given to produce a perfect instrument. The 
 Chase factoi-y was among the first establishments to meet the demand for upright 
 pianos, and the jiroprietors have displayed much skill in surmounting musical 
 difficulties and purifying tone qualities. The Chase Brothers have been connected 
 with the business from boyhood, and are experts in their specialties, many of the 
 'devices here being the inventions of members of the company. Clarence A. super- 
 intends mechanical operations, Braton S. has charge at Grand Rapids, while Leon 
 E. giA^es attention to the Muskegon warerooms. The immense salesrooms of this 
 'Company at Chicago is in charge of the senior Chase, Avho is president of the cor- 
 ]poration, C. T. Hills is vice-president; Thomas Hume, treasurer, and L. E. Chase, 
 ;secretary. Over 200 skilled artisans are on the pay-rolls. The Chase Piano Co. 
 l\ave platted thirty-five acres in the vicinity of the factory, which is being rapidly 
 taken by employes and others for residence sites. The wareroom at No. 87 W. 
 Western ave , has a choice selection of pianos, and 700 or more completed instru- 
 ments are kept in stock at the factory and different warerooms. The enterprise of 
 this corporation has added largely to Muskegon's development, and gives substan- 
 tial proof of our manufacturing advantages. 
 
 CHASE BROS. PIANO CO. 
 
83 
 
 Muskegon Choiiiical Fire Kng-iiie €o. — One of the important industrial con- 
 cerns of this placi' is the al)()vo, whicli was incorporated Jan. 1889, -witli capital 
 stock of $34U, 000. largely held by leading citizens of Muskegon. Handsome and 
 commodious buikUngs have been erected at the junction of the T., S. &M. and M., 
 G. R. & I. R. R's, near the southern limits of the city. The mechanical equipment 
 of the institution is unique and perfect in all its details. The combination of chemi- 
 cals used in these engines was patented by R. T. VanValkenburg.and the engines now 
 manufactured bytlie company are from the improved paterns of A. Bruegger, and 
 are made in a dozen different sizes ranging in price from $20 to $3,500. These are 
 built upon strictly scientilic ])rincij)les and in efficiency are far superior to auj' 
 other chemical engines now in use. Hose carts, hook and ladder outfits and num- 
 erous other fire department ajiparatus are manufactured bj' these works. Nickel 
 and silver plating on copper, brass and light iron castings are made a specialty 
 and a complete brass foundry is kept by this company. A. Bruegger, Avho came 
 from Chicago a year since to the charge of these works, has had 15 years service 
 in the fire department supply and manufacturing business in Chicago, and has 
 made a special study of all requirements to battle with fire. Under his energetic 
 management the business has materially increased and the Muskegon Chemical 
 Fire Engines are doing service in many cities of the land. They are rajjidly increas- 
 ing in popularitj' as their merits become known. The officers ai'e L. G. Mason, 
 Pres. ; Thos. Hume, V-Pres.; C. H. Hackley, Treas. ; H. L. Delano, Sec, while A. 
 V. Mann, J. W. Moon and R. T. VanValkenburg, with the above, are directors. 
 (See illustration of the works on page 100.) 
 
 .^a^^^i United States Baking- Co.— The Muske- 
 
 gon branch of the U. S. Baking Co. 
 manufactures a complete line of crackers, 
 biscuits and cakes at Nos. 457 to 463 W. 
 Western ave. This concern has one of the 
 most complete and modern equipments in 
 the bakery line. Neatness and dispatch 
 have been the central ideas, and the best 
 skill of mechanical ingenuity seems to 
 have been employed in the U. S. Bakerj'. 
 Under the energetic management of Harry 
 Fox the volume of business and territory covered has rapidly inci'eased. The raw 
 materials now used exceed $150,000 per year, and the manufactured product goes 
 by ton and car-load lots to metropolitan centers in the east and south, large ship- 
 ments being regularly consigned to Chicago. The plant comprises a large three- 
 story brick structure and extensive warehouses in the rear. 
 
 Mnskegon Valley Furniture Co. was incorporated Oct. 16, 1882, and the next 
 3'ear the capital was increased to $100 000; $81,000 of which has now been paid in. 
 The company owns twenty-five acres of ground in the south-eastern part of the 
 city on the C. & W. M. railroad, where are extensive buildings fitted with th^ 
 most approved machinery for the manufacture of furniture. The principal pro- 
 duction is a medium bed-i-oom suite, of which the annual output amounts to over 
 $200,000. This is sent to all parts of the country. The works give employment to 
 about 175 men. The officers are Louis Kanitz, president; N. McGraft, vice-pi-esi- 
 dent; John A. Dratz, treasurer; Hugh Park, secretary. 
 
84 
 
 Heap Mauufacturing' Co. — This enterprise was established in 1885, Ijy W. W. 
 Barcus, M. W. Teeple and Wm. Heap with capital of $15,000. Mr. Heap is a 
 native of Manchester, Eng. He removed to Muskegon as his permanent home, 
 and took charge of the new factory April 1886. The enterprise was a success 
 from the start and in June '87, four leading capitalists of this place bought the in- 
 terests of Barcus and Teeple, since which the capital stock has been increased to 
 $75,000. To houses having no proper system of sewerage the Heap Patent Earth 
 Closets ai'e a great boon. The Inodorous Bedroom Commodes and Sanitary Con- 
 veniences are invaluable for aged persons and invalids. These articles are highly 
 recommended by leading sanitarians and have been awarded 16 first prize medals 
 in America and elsewhere. The prices of'Heap's Patent," are but $8 to $18, while 
 other makes, of inferior merit, are sold much higher. In a work of this character 
 we cannot go into minutiae, and interested parties should write the company for a 
 detailed 24-page catalogue. These articles are in use in the principal government 
 hospitals in the U. S. and Canada and have a market all over these countries, 
 West Indies and elsewhere. The annual sales amount to about $100, (-00 and are 
 constantly increasing. The plant comprises a three-story brick building 45x150 
 feet, a finishing department 30x50 feet two stories, ware houses, lumber yards, 
 etc., covering an entire block. The Heap Co. also prosecute a successful business 
 in the manufacture of water closet seats and tanks, making aunl^ally about 25,000 
 of the former and 30,000 of the latter, which are shipped to the leading jobbing 
 houses of the country. A prominent specialty is Heap's Patent, high grade piano 
 stools which are conceded to be among the best piano and organ stools made. The 
 factory is thoroughly equipped with all necessary machinery and gives steadj' em- 
 ployment to about 90 skilled workmen under the superintendence of S.E. Pringle. 
 C. T. Hills, Pres., has been noticed under lumber interests; Alex. Rodgers, Sr., 
 
 HEAP MANUFACTURING COMPANY. 
 
85 
 
 V. Pres., in Rodgers Iron Mfg Co.; A, V. Mann, Treas. and J. W. Moon, a director, 
 witli tlie al)ove, are bank presidents. Wni. Heap, Sec., and Gen'l. Mgr., who ha.s 
 had active control of the establishment from its start, is an inventor of superior 
 executive ability, and his management has contributed no small amount towards 
 the notable success which this enterprise has attained. 
 
 Tlie Temple Company. — The magnitude of the works conducted by the above 
 company is not generally understood, even by Muskegon people as the concern 
 employs from 200 to 300 hands making an annual output of about $250,000 worth 
 of spring curtain rollers, dressed pickets and other specialties. The ])lant covers 18 
 acres of ground, with 3,500 feet of water front, on which are seven distinct factories 
 comprising 20 large l)uildings. These are equipjicd with first-cluss machinery, and 
 b}^ means of wire cables are operated from a single power house of immense capac- 
 ity. The reader might well suppose that this plant could supply everyhou.se- 
 hold in America with curtain rollers, as the annual capacity is about 10 millions 
 yearly, and 3 million pickets, all of which are made from pine slabs and edgings, 
 produced from the mills of this city and elsewhere — in short — converting what 
 would otherwise be waste into valuable merchandise and giving employment to a 
 large number of people. With the pi'eseut year a two-story brick building 50x100 
 feet has been added Avhich will be devoted to the manufacture of tin curtain rolls. 
 The Temple Company appear to be well satisfied with their suiToundings and the 
 success achieved by this enterprise is an important factor in the industrial interests 
 of Muskegon. Stewart Hartshorn, of N. Y. is pres. Ansel F. Temple, treas. and 
 gen'l mgr. commenced the roller curtain manufacture in Milwaukee 23 years ago. 
 In 1879 the business was removed to Muskegon and in its 13 years of active opei'a- 
 tion here has contributed largely to Muskegon's continued prosi^erity. D. D. Erwin 
 is secretarj^ of the companj' and Wm. Carpenter attorney. 
 
 Sargeut Maimfacliiring' Co. — Muskegon's successful industries in the line of 
 diversified manufacturing are each a spoke in the wheel of permanency and thereby 
 essential factors in the great aggregate of this city's industrial importance. The 
 above company incorporated Oct. 21, 1889, with capital of $100,000, has rapidly 
 pushed to the front and its line of specialties now reach, not only the princiijal 
 metropolitan cities of America but a considerable export business is done with 
 London and other foreign places. About a dozen styles of reclining and carrying 
 chairs, invalid rolling chairs (soine 40 styles and adapted to every 
 necessity in that line), 30 styles of superior ball bearing revolv- 
 ing book cases, librai'y supplies and furuitui'e specialties, all come 
 Avithin the scope of the Sargent Mfg. Co. This company also sup- 
 plies the government with folding stands, portable desks,cots, etc., for the regular 
 army and in its various sijeciaities has made a great success. About 40 men are 
 employed and the yearly output is above $90,000. The plant occupies the block 
 bounded by Wood ave., Nims and Irwin streets; Eastern oflice at 814 Broadway, 
 New York. The officers are Geo. F. Sargent, Pres.; Thos. Hume, V-Pres.; J. L. 
 Muri-ay, Treas., and Hugh Park, Sec. Mr. Sargent manages the New York office 
 and the other gentlemen are all well known business men of this place. 
 
 P. Hayden Saddlery Hardware Co. — The branch office of the above companj'^ 
 in Muskegon is more particularly engaged in manufacturing the wood-work for 
 hames, which are shipped to Columbus, Ohio, where the malleable iron fittings are 
 put on and the goods nuirketed. The Muskegon enterprise employs forty hands; 
 
86 
 
 ^mtm^ 
 
 m»i*r r 
 
uses 800,000 feet of elm logs iiiimially; disbursing for wages and material over 
 $1,500 per month; which adds considerable to the manufacturing success of this 
 place. The interests of the above company in this city have been for a dozen years 
 past in charge of B. F. Sheets, an experienced manager. 
 
 Muskegon Brewing 
 
 Co.— This business was 
 established in 1876 by 
 O. G. and G. Mecske. 
 A year later G. Ninne- 
 mann entered the con- 
 cern and the pi'csent 
 tit'e was asssumed. Jan. 
 1800, the concern was 
 incorporated with capi- 
 tal stock of $350,000. 
 The plant is an exten- 
 sive one, the main 
 jjuihling being a five- 
 story brick structure, 
 fitted througliout with 
 the latest improvements in brewing and having a j'early capacity of 60,000 bbls. of 
 high grade product. The malting is done on the premises under expert super- 
 vision, the company having a thirty-five ton ice machine and every I'equirement 
 for producing a tirst-class beverage, known as the celebrated Muskegon and 
 V/iencr lager beer. The company has an extensive wholesale trade in the towns 
 and cities of Western Michigan and conduct a large bottling works. The concern 
 gives employment to about 30 men, using Michigan grain so far as expedient. The. 
 officers are G. iNinnemann, Pres.; O. G. Meeske, V. P.; G. Mecske, Treas., and W. 
 F. >,'innemann, Sec. 
 
 Muskegon Bottling Works. — S. C. Chnmard established this business about 
 1865, the works now being located at corner of Barclay and Michigan aves. It 
 subse(iuently became the i^roperty of the Muskegon Brewing Co. and 3 years ago 
 came under the al)ove style. Nick Schmit, the present proprietor, bottles annually 
 al)0Ut 900 barrels of export and other fine grades of beer, and a much larger 
 quantity of carbonated dx'inks. Sweet cider, pure cider vinegar and a full stock 
 of goods in that line is kept. 
 
 Chemical Fire Kiiidler and Excelsior Co. — The firm of S. S. Watson & Co., 
 are engaged in the production of all grades of excelsior for mattresses and the 
 Johansen's patent chemical fire kindlers. The fire kindler excelsior is made from 
 basswood, chemically treated so that it has sufficient duiability and heat, to start 
 either coal or wood, and is put up in 2 dozen packages, which retail at 12c each. 
 A series of experiments are now being made upon birch, swamp elm and other 
 woods for excelsior, which indicate success in that direction. The excelsior is 
 folded, pressed and dipped by dexterous machinery, which is of automatic con- 
 struction and appears to be very near perfection. 
 
 Eniniens Brick and Tile Co. — Much of the clay in this vicinity, holds lime in 
 its composition, and is unfit for brick making, and while the sand brick scheme is 
 
88 
 
 aAvaitiug perfection, a lirst-class claj' brick will be in demand. The above yards 
 were started some 15 years ago at Emmens siding on the Big Rapids branch of the 
 C. & W. M. Ky., 16 miles from this city and the plant is now essentially a Muske- 
 gon interest, as the stock is principally held in this city. The plant is under the 
 personal supervision of C. L. Emmens, president, who is an experienced brick 
 maker, and patentee of improvements in brick making. Alwut 8 million tirst- 
 classwiiite brick are annually produced which are largel3^ used by the contractors 
 at this place. C. H. Halsted is secretary and P. J. Connell, the well-known 
 Muski'gon contractor, is treasurer of the company. 
 
 Muskegon Mattress Co.— The H. B. Feather Company, of Grand Rapids, 
 seeing a desirable field for operation in Muskegon, have recently established a 
 bed spring, wire cot, mattress and pillow factory at the corner of Morris and 
 First streets and are now prepared to manufacture lirst-class articles ii that line. 
 This branch of the business is in charge of George S. Driggs and has l>een thus 
 far so successful and satisfactoi'y that extensive enlargement of the plant is con- 
 templated in the near future. 
 
 Carriag'e Manufactory.— This branch of manufacture is still open for exten- 
 sion in Muskegon. F. W. Miller's factory, corner of Clay and Sixth streets, turns 
 out all desirable styles of wagons, carriages, sleighs, cutters and a full line of run- 
 ning gear. Mr. Miller's genius has brought forth a number of patents in wagon 
 and carriage fixtures, notable among which are the round reach, bolster and 
 tongue attachments, and other devices. In addition to turning out vehicles to the 
 order of customers, repair and blacksmith work has prompt attention. A high 
 tempered feed cutter is among Mr. Miller's valuable inventions, and the works 
 will need to be enlarged in the near future to keep pace with his genius and the 
 increasing demand of customers. 
 
 ^S^\s^- 
 
 F. W. MILLER'S CARRIAGE WORKS. 
 
89 
 
 Muskeg'on Stoiio Side Walk Co. — Tho manufacture of concrete sidewalks, 
 when well iloiic, is a vei\v important addition to the development of any city, and 
 the above, under the management of John H. Roth is one of the best institutions 
 in this line. The .concrete blocks, or artificial stone are made in any desirable 
 shape and size frf>m Portland cement and are as durable as Hag stoni. The walks 
 on tiie Hacklej' Park around the Soldiers' Monument are from these works and 
 their per ect fittings add largely to the architectural surroundings of the Park. 
 Mr. Roth is a native of Sheboj'gan, Wis., and in this Avork since 1885, locating at 
 Muskegon in June '91. 
 
 PUBLIC CONVENIENCES. 
 
 The Wigwam.— Early last season, the citizens of the two principal parties, 
 recognized the need of some popular place for political assemblages, and at an 
 expense of about $5,000 erected the Wigwam, which is a large unfinished wooden 
 structure, capal)lp of seating 2,500 to 3,000 people. This mai<es a ver^' convenient 
 covering for large gatherings and is a popular place for socials church suppers, etc. 
 
 Opera House. —The Muskejron Opera House at the corner of Second st. and 
 Western ave., was erected in 1877 at a cost of about $35,000. It is 66x132 ft, well 
 built, has a well appointed stage and will accommodate an audience of about 1,100. 
 (See cut on page 36. j It has been in the hands of a stock company since 1879; the 
 present officers being N. McGraft, Pres.; A. V. Mann, V. P.; Geo. D. Smith, Sec. 
 and C. H. Haekley, Treas. The building is well kept, a great convenience to 
 theatregoers and is well patronized. F. L. Reynolds, lessee and manager, the 
 well known book merchant, has had a long experience in catering to the public 
 and secures some of the best companies on the road. 
 
 Miiskeg'on Gas Light Co. — The office and works of this plant are on Morris 
 street between First and Second. The enterprise was started May 1, 1871, and the 
 present capital is $80,000. Including the works, gasometer, offices, etc , tlie plant 
 occupies 5 acres of ground. The holders have a capacity of 75,000 ft. and ten 
 miles of mains supply all important sections of the city, furnishing a good qualitj' 
 of the illuminating fluid. The officers are among the prominent business men of 
 Muskegon, L. G. Mason, Pres., having frequent mention in these pages; Jas. 
 Clements, Sec, is an efficient executive and J. J. Howden, Treas. and Supt., had 
 general charge of constructing the works and has been superintendent ever since. 
 He also keepsa full line of plumbing and gas fitting supplies at No. 36, Morris st. 
 The Gas Co. furnish a clean fuel gas and supply all customers with cook stoves or 
 heaters at manufacturer's cost price. This part of the trade from its many advan- 
 tages is rapidly growin!^ iu popular favor. 
 
 Muskegon Electric Light Co. — Electricity has made a wonderful stride since 
 the Centennial 3'ear and millions of dollars are now invested in the manufacture 
 of electric light, power and heating apparatus. Doubtless this department of 
 industry has increased with greater rapidity than anj' other branch of science. 
 Many thousands of persons are now engaged In the manufacture of electrical 
 apparatus and every i)rogressive city has one or more electric light companies. 
 The above organization was effected in Muskegon iu 1884 with an authorized capi- 
 tal of $100,000 of which over half has been paid in. The business has steadil}^ in- 
 creased and two years since the works were rebuilt and enlarged. Over 100 miles 
 
90 
 
 of wire has been strung to which are attaclied 225 arc and 3,000 incandescent 
 lights. Tlie works are operated by one large compound condensing Corliss engine 
 and two Buckeyes, making a total of 625 horse power, which is used to drive the 
 dynamos and other machiuei'y. David D. Erwin, Pres., is a prominent attorney; 
 Louis Kanitz, V-Pres., is president of the Valley Furniture Co.; R. E. Bunker, 
 Sec. and Troas., and H. L. Delano, are prominent attorneys, the latter and Dr. 
 L. R. Marvin are added to the above as directors. This company has been able 
 to furnish a very satisfactory light at about the average rates of large cities, 
 thereb}' adding materially to the metropolitan character of Muskegon. 
 
 Muskeg'on Steam Laundry. — This class of work can hardly be called manu- 
 facturing, but from the maciiinei-y used and employment given to labor it is 
 properly classed in industrial work. In the perfection of maehinerj' the magni- 
 tude of work and the general accommodation to the puljlic, the Muskegon Steam 
 Laundry stands among tlie tii'st, and has Justly become popular under the present 
 management. The rooms are large, light and convenient, lifted with engine and 
 boiler in the rear, reversible steam washers of the latest pattern, suction wringer 
 that removes the water from the linen without the least injury to the fabric, shirt 
 ironers, collar and cuflf ironer, machine for dampening and folding a lay clown 
 collar without danger of cracking the goods, a polisher, curler to finish collars and 
 cuffs to the wearer's satisfaction, and 24 rack dry room furnished with 500 feet of 
 steam pipe. The Muskegon Steam Laundry was established by A. W. Miller, 
 1882, and in 1890 was purchased by Wilson & Gibson, who have increased the 
 business by adding the latest improvements. John W. Wilson of N. J., has re- 
 sided in Muskegon over 20 years and was for a long time connected with the bank- 
 ing business here. Chas. R. Gibson was formerly with F. L. Reynolds in the book 
 trade. Both these gentlemen are well known as energetic business men, deserv- 
 ing the success which they have won. Below we give photographic view of 
 the handsome business corner occupied by the Muskegon Steam Laundiy. 
 
 V.\.ftVY<r\ Co KxvuiV 
 
 p. O., Y. M. C. A.. CLUB HOUSE AND STEAM LAUNDRY. 
 
91 
 
 OFFICE AND PROFESSIONAL MATTERS. 
 
 It may be claimed that in describing tlie essential features of a city, profes- 
 sional matters are of minor importance, but people take pleasure in mailing to 
 distant friends a pamphlet containing the names and business mention of tlieir 
 personal acquaintances and while seemingly unimportant these pages bring out 
 some material fact, and assist in securing a judicious tlistribution, whicli is 
 essential in making this pamphlet valuable to Muskegon's upbuilding. 
 
 MEDICAL FRATERNITY.— No lake city in the west has made a better record 
 for hcaltlifullncss than Muskegon. There is no stagnant water nor malarial 
 surroundings here; the sandy soil absorbs noxious vapors; the city water 
 is unexcelled; the drainage is of easy grade, and when the system of sewerage, 
 now in course of construction has been completed, the sanitary conditions of Mus- 
 kegon will be among the best. But accidents will occur, chronic and epidenue 
 diseases prevail in the most favored localities; intelligent people as well as the 
 more ignorant will transgress nature's laws and this city has a full quota of physi- 
 cians and specialists. Medical associations have been held from time to time and 
 on Nov. 11, 1892, the Muskegon Medical Society was organized with W. N. Smart, 
 Pres.; C. P. Donelson. V. Pres.; G. S. Williams, Sec; Paul A. Quick, Treas. The 
 meetings are held at Y. M. C. A. hall on tirst and third Thui'sdays. 
 
 Dr. Walter B. Morrison, who located here in July, 186."), has priority as a prac- 
 ticing physician. Dr. C. P. McSherry located here in 1849, and is still living in 
 Muskegon, but has not lieen in active business for a number of years. Dr. Morrison 
 was born in Grand Rapids, attended Albion Academy ;iud took a course in medi- 
 cine at Ann Arbor, 1860-61. He served three years in the old Third Mich. Inf. 
 and in 1865 graduated from the Long Island College Hospital, locating here as 
 before stated. After twelve years here he spent ten years in other fields and 
 returned to Muskegon in 1887. Ortice No. 18, S. First st. 
 
 Dr. 0. C. Williams, was born Aug. 9, 1833, in Oneida Co., N. Y., attended the 
 Medical University of N. Y. 1858, and in 1866 took charge of the Muskegon Union 
 School. A year later he I'eturned to medical practice, having now been twenty- 
 five years dealing out pills and powders here, which gives him the longest suc- 
 cessive record in medical practice. Dr. Williams owns considerable real estate in 
 Muskegon and surrounding vicinity. 
 
 Dr. Jas. M. Cook, was born in Saratoga Co., N. Y., March 21, 1840. After a 
 course at Oxford Academy he taught for three years and commenced the study of 
 medicine. Dr. Cook spent three years in the nrmy and returneil to medical 
 studies at the Michigan University, graduating from the Rush Medical College of 
 Chicago, in 1868, and locating here the same year. He was for many years in 
 regular practice but for some time past has made a specialty of the eye and ear. 
 He occupies a convenient and well furnished suite of rooms, corner of Jeft'erson 
 St. and Western ave. 
 
 Dr. LaRay Marvin, whose office is now at 41 Second st., was born at Buffalo, 
 N. Y., in 1848, graduated from the Hahnemann Medical College of Chicago in 
 1870, locating at Muskegon in April of that year, where he has since been continu- 
 ously in practice. Dr. Marvin was the first to practice homa?opathy in this city 
 and from his office have come Drs. Chas. L. Thompson and Georize L. LeFevre. He 
 is a member of the State Homa^opathic Medical Society and of the Hahnemann 
 Alumni Association. 
 
 Dr. Chas. P. Donelson, of Flint, Mich., was educated at Ohio Weslyan Uni- 
 versity, Delaware, Ohio, and graduated in 1872 from the medical department of 
 the Michigan University. Dr. Donelson took a post graduate course and received 
 a diploiua from the Long Island College Hospital the same year and located in 
 Muskegon. In 1887 he attended the Pol^-clinic course in New York making a 
 special study of the diseases of the throat, nose and chest, to which he largely 
 confines his practice. He is a member of the American Medical Association and 
 Congress of Physi(;ians and Surgeons. Otlice and residence, 77 W. Clay ave. 
 
 Dr. Siginund Bloch, is a native of Austria and graduated from the medical 
 department of Vienna University in 1876, practiced there four years, when he 
 
92 
 
 RES. CHARLES T. HILLS. 
 
 RES. GEO. A. MAGOON. 
 
93 
 
 located in Muskegon, wiiere he lias been for twelve years past. Dr. Bloch has 
 been active in Muskegon's advancement, serving as alderman and meml)er of the 
 board of public works. As chairman of the committee on the annexation of Lake 
 Side and Blullton, waterworks and sewers, he has rendered valual)le assistance in 
 l^i'omoting improvements. Dr. Hloch has commodious otiice rooms and residence 
 at No. 10, W. Western ave. He has recently, in company with Chas. Hauber, of 
 Chicago, established the Muskegon Sanitarium. 
 
 Dr. Gilbert Chaddock was born in Genesee County, N. Y., in 1831, graduated 
 from the Buffalo and Geneva Medical College of Butfalo, N. Y., '.'53, and practiced 
 for seven years at Toledo, Ohio. In 1860 he located in Hillsdale County, Mich., 
 served three years as surgeon of the 7tli Regt. Mich. Infantry; returning to Hills- 
 dale Co., from whence he removed to Muskegon in 1879 Dr. Chaddock has been 
 secretary of the Muskegon pension board for seven years past. OlTice, Room 7, 
 Rodgers Block. 
 
 Dr. John Yander Laan, is a native of Holland, Europe, came to America in 
 1873, attended Hope College tor five years, and graduated in 1880 from the Michi- 
 gan University, locating in Muskegon where he has since been in practice. Office 
 and i-esidence", 300 S. Terrace. He is a member of the Michigan State and Ameri- 
 can Medical Association. 
 
 Dr. Jennie M. Dobson, is a native of Ottawa, Canada, graduated from Gre}', 
 Nun's Con\ ent School, attended the Michigan University and it 1880 graduated 
 from the Woman's Medical College of Chicago. She spent a year in the hospitals 
 of Vienna, Paris and London, after which she located here. Dr. Dobson owns a 
 handsome residence at the corner of Webster ave. and First St., illustrated on 
 page 38. 
 
 Dr. Geo. L. LeFevre, is a native of Grand Island Co., Vt., was educated in the 
 public schools and gracluated from the Hahnemann College of Chicago in 1881, 
 since which he has been in practice here. Rooms 20-22 Mason Block. 
 
 Dr. John F. Denslow, is a native of Wayne Co., N. Y , graduated in the class 
 of '76 from the High School of Grass Lake, Mich., and from the University of 
 Mich, in '81, at once commencing in practice here. He served as city physician 
 in '87, and was again selected for the present year. Dr. Denslow is surgeon of 
 the First Regt. Mich. Militia, with rank of major. His home at No. 70 VV. Webster 
 ave. is among the most complete in the city. (See cut page 74.) 
 
 Dr. Georg:e S. Williams, was born at Rome, N. Y., attended the Seminary at 
 Cazenovia, N. Y., 1875-76, and five years later took a course at the Michigan 
 University, in medicine, going to Rush Medical College at Chicago, in 1883, from 
 which he graduated after a two yeai's' course, and located in Muskegon where he 
 has spent nearly ten years in continuous pi'actice. Dr. W^illiams is surgeon for 
 the M., G. & I. Ry., and was recently elected secretary of the Muskegon Medical 
 Society. He has commodious office rooms at Nos. 49-51 W. Webster ave. 
 
 Dr. Frank W. Garber, was born in East Libertj-, Ohio, and graduated from 
 Buchtel College in his native county, in 1884. Four years later he graduated from 
 the Rush Medical College and located in Muskegon. Dr. (iarber is division 
 .surgeon of the C. & W. M. and T., S. & M. R. R., and has been house physician 
 to the city hospital since that institution was chartered in 1889. Office Nos. 4 and 
 5 Landreth block. 
 
 Dr. B. D. King, a native of Oswego Co., N. Y., graduated from the Hahnemann 
 Medical College of Chicago, in the spring of 1884, and on July 7 that year, located 
 in Miiskegon where he has since been in practice. It is office is at No. 11, VV. West- 
 ern ave., where he makes a specialty of surgery. Dr. King served as 
 city physician in '88. He is largely interested in lumber and real estate interests 
 in Clare and Osceola counties. 
 
 Dr. Dirk R. Meeng'S, was born in Ottawa Co., Mich., and educated in Hope 
 College at Holland, his native town. Dr. Meengs graduated from the Rush Medi- 
 cal College of Chicago, in 1885, since which he lias been in general practice here, 
 having rooms at 9 and 10, Landreth block. He is a member of Muskegon Medical 
 Society. 
 
94 
 
 RES. ALEXANDER V. MANN. 
 
 NORTH MUSKEGON CENTRAL SCHOOL. 
 
95 
 
 Dr. Jiio. B. Woodward, is :i iialivo of Hamilton, Ont., but espoused the cause 
 of the Union and served three years with (he Tentii Michigan Cavalry. Returning 
 to his native land he graduated from the Toronto S(;hool of Medicine in 1868, and 
 practiced in Grand Kapitls and Newaygo prior to locating in Muskegon in '88. 
 Dr. Woodwar d's office is at No. 30, W. Western ave. 
 
 i-Z' Dr. A. B. CloiiKMit, is a native of Switzerland, emigrated lo Canada and 
 graduated from the Victoria Sciiool of Medicine at Montreal, in 1887, since which 
 he has been in rcgidar practice here. Dr. Clement has office and residence at No. 
 48, W. Western ave. He sjjeaks French, Italian and English, and his five years of 
 practice iiere has proven satisfactory. 
 
 Dr. W. \. Smart, was born at Adrian, Mich , Sept. 18. 1849, graduating from 
 the Long Island College Hosi)ital of Brooklyn, in 1871. He i^racticed at Hudson 
 Mich., live years, after which he took a special course on the eye and ear at 
 Vienna, Austria. Dr. Smart practiced his specialty for nine suece.ssive j'ears in 
 this State and in 1887 he located at San Diego, Cal. In June '93, he came to 
 Muskegon and has convenient office rooms opposite the post-office at 11!) W. 
 Western ave. 
 
 Dr. A. Gr. Hopkin.s, was 
 
 born in Wa.shington Co., N 
 Y., 1819, and in 1840 com- 
 menced practice at Otsego, 
 Mich., six years later remov- 
 ing to Kalamazoo, where 
 he practiced twenty vears. 
 Dr. Hopkins graduated 
 from the Eclectic Medical 
 College of Cincinnati in 
 1867, practiced in Whitehall 
 for eight years, in the 
 mean time taking a course 
 at the Homo-opatliicColleo-e 
 of Detroit. In 1875 he re- 
 moved to Texas and in '83 
 to Muskegon. His buildings 
 were destroyed by the 
 great fire on Pine St., May 
 10, '91, since which he has 
 erected the above, designed 
 for a sanitarium when com- 
 HOPKlNS^ UNCOMPLETED SANITARIUM. pleted. Dr. Hopkius' ex- 
 
 tensive practice and travel leads liim to believe that Muskegon presents excellent 
 advantages for the treatment of chronic diseases, of which he makes a specialty 
 The premises will be furnished a\ ith elegant bath rooms and other auxiliaries. 
 
 Dr. Paul A. Quick, was born in Bradford Co., Pa., graduated from the Medi- 
 cal University of buffalo, in 1874, and practiced in his native State for sixteen vears 
 After extensive travel in the west, Dr. Quick, a year since, located in Muskeo-on 
 and engaged in regular practice, making a specialty of diseases of the heart and 
 lungs. Nov. 21, 1892, Dr. Quick was appointed phj^siciau for Muskeo-on 
 county. His office is at No. 2, Merrill block, residence 03 Jefferson st. ° 
 
 Dr. Jas. G. Jackson, a native of Westmeath, Out., attended the Medical 
 Department of the Michigan University 1881-2 and taught school for some years 
 before taking his final course at Ann Arbor. Dr. Jackson graduated in '88 and 
 practiced in North Muskegon, until the death of his bi'other, Dr. Saml. A. Jack- 
 son, Jan. 12, '92, wdien he removed to his present location at No. 5, W. Western 
 ave. 
 
 Dr. C. S. Fries, son of a noted Danish author and clergyman, was educated in 
 Denmark, and after coming to America was in the employ of the Pennsylvania R 
 R. Co. He attended the Michigan University, graduating 1889, and practiced at 
 Petersburg prior to locating here, September, '90. Office, 21 W. Western avenue- 
 residence, 306 Lake street. ' 
 
96 
 
 I)r. C. Thomas was boru iu Switzerland and gi'aduated from the medical col- 
 lege at Lausanne in 1878. He came to America in 1880 and located at Swanville, 
 N. Y., where he remained until 1884, when he came to Muskegon. His office and 
 residence is at No. 20 E. Webster avenue. 
 
 Dr. P. W. Pearsall was born in Grand Rapids, graduating from the High 
 School of his native city in 1881 and the Grand Rapids Business College the follow- 
 ing j'ear. Dr. Peai'sall' spent two years at the Rush Medical College, after which 
 he graduated from the Chicago Homaopathic Medical College, in 1889, and 
 practiced in Clinton Co., Mich., until he located in Muskegon, Sept. '92, at foot 
 of Jefferson St., rooms 4 and 5, Miller block. His residence is on Ruddiman ave., 
 North Muskegon, where he also has an office, and is city physician. 
 
 Dr. H. S. Baron, of Netherlands, graduated from Hope College 1875 and 
 Physio-Medical of Indiana 1878, practicing for 9 years at Forest Grove, prior to 
 locating here September, 1892. Office, cor. Pine and Myrtle; residence, 21 Allen 
 street. 
 
 DENTISTRY is comparatively a science of modern date. The great impor- 
 tance of the teeth to health, comfort and beauty were never fully appreciated 
 until recentl.y. No perfect substitute for natural teeth can be made, and by 
 perfect cleanliness and other proper care these should be preserved. It is a wise 
 plan to have a careful dentist examine the mouth once or twice a year, as prompt 
 treatment saves trouble and expense. 
 
 Dr. J. S. Vang-han, the oldest practicing dentist in Muskegon, is a native of 
 Sheuango Co., N. Y., commenced dentistry at Janesville. Wis., 3G years ago. with 
 Dr. Leonard Arnold, and removed to Muskegon Jan. '66. VVith more tlian a 
 quarter of a century in practice here, he has gained a wide acquaintance. Office 
 Rooms Nos. 8, 10, 12, 15 Torrent Block. 
 
 Dr. Justin E. Post is a native of Michigan, residing in this city since 1883. 
 He graduated from the medical department of the Michigan University in 1875, 
 and the following year from the College of Dental Surgery at Ann Arbor, since 
 which time he has been practicing dentistry. Office, Room 30, Mason Block. 
 
 Dr. W. B. Hendel is a native of Carlisle, Pa., and studied dentistrj' at Knox- 
 ville. 111., till 1868. when he opened an office for himself. He practiced at KnoxviMe 
 for two years, and in 1870 removed to Pentwater, Mich., where he remained for 
 four years prior to C'ming here, July, '74. Dr. Hendel's office and residence is 
 located at 109 West Clay avenue. 
 
 Dr. J. F. Perry was born at Brandon, Mich., in 1847, and after instructions 
 under different dent'ists for a number of years, began practicing about fifteen years 
 ago at Inly City, Mich. Since then he wns for a time at Lapeer and Pontiac, and 
 in February "91 removed to Muskegon. He occupies a convenient and well fitted 
 office at Room 4, Merrill Block. 
 
 Dr. S. C. Sizelan was born at Cortland, N. Y., and educated at the State 
 Normal school of his native town. He was graduated from the College of Dental 
 Surgery at the University of Michigan in 1890. and succeeded to the dental busi- 
 ness of'Dr. C. A. Mosmaii, who removed to Ogden, Utah. Dr. Sizelan attends to 
 all branches of the profession, and has recently titted up very commodiou.s rooms 
 over Hackley Bank, corner First street and Western avenue. 
 
 Dr. D. A. Haines, of Decorah, la., who came to Muskegon October last, to 
 occui)v the dental rooms formerly kept by Dr. W. G. Johnson (Nos. 14 and 15 
 Landreth Block); graduated froni dental department, University of Iowa, and was 
 in dental practice with Dr. W. D. Kellogg of his native city pi'ior to locating here. 
 
 Di'. D. W. Carr was born at Marion, N. Y., Feb. 19, 1839, studied veterinary 
 surgery f( r seven years under Dr. Geo. Britton of Wayne Co., N. Y., and com- 
 menced in business for himself. Dr. Carr located in Muskegon in 1883. Office No. 
 46 Terrace st. Residence 39 Catherine street. 
 
 Dr. D. W. Kose was born in Canada in 1850, and graduated from the Ontario 
 Veterinary College of Toronto in '88, coming to Muskegon the next year. He 
 has a well-equipped outfit of surgical appliances, and convenient location at No. 
 25 Market street. 
 
97 
 
 Masseur and Natural Healer.— Prof. F. liayl^^-Jones, a ^u-aduate from the 
 Kevv York school of traiiiiiiir forMassage, is a native of Wales, and has been three 
 years in Muske on, practicing this si)ecialty with dermatology, orthoepedy, remov- 
 ing blemishes, etc. Massage is admitted by scientific physicians to be'of great 
 value in the treatment of many diseases. 
 
 Miiskeg'on Sanitariiiin. — The inlhience cousequent upon the great body of 
 water to tile west of Muskegon, gives to this city an equable climate and many 
 sanitary advantages. For some years past the City Hospital has been kept at 
 corner of Washington ave. and Fraidvliu streets. Through the influence of Dr. 
 Bloch, Charl s Haubcr, of Chicago, secured the management of the hospital and 
 has made such raJical changes that it would scarcely be recognized as the old 
 place. A thorough overhauling and I'enovating of the rooms, plumbing improve- 
 ments, etc., have put the premises in a complete sanitar}' condition. Some 30 
 regular hospital beds have been provided and everybody, whi'ther rich or poor, 
 can have its benefits. Those who are able to do so, pay from $5 to $7 per week ac- 
 cording to room used, the charges including medical attendance. Charles Hauber 
 who has charge of the new Sanitarium is a native of Wnrtembei'g, Germany', at- 
 tended the full course of instructions at Carlsruhe, going thence to St. Alban's 
 Seminary- at Kasle, Switzerland, which gives a complete course in hospital work. 
 He also spent several j-ears at Queen Olga's Children's Hospital, in Stuttgart, 
 l)rior to coming to Chicago in 1882, since which most of his time has been spent 
 in like work. Dr. Bloch is house physician for citj' patients and other physicians 
 attend as required. 
 
 MUSKEGON SANITARIUM AND HOSPITAL. 
 
 re pi 
 
 LE(xAL PROFESSIOX.— The courts of Muskegon Countv have ahvays been 
 •esented by a fair share of able attorneys, and never stood higher than at the 
 present time. There have been legal organizations heretofore, and the present 
 Muskegon County Bar Association was form. c| March, 1891. This societv has 
 tovty-two members. L. N. Keatini;, president; H. J. Hoyt, vice-president; Thos 
 Clark, treasurer; J. C. McLaughlin, secretary. 
 
 Henry H. Holt was born March 27, 1831, in Camden, N. Y.. attended Fairlield 
 Academy, and later at Christ's Church Hall, Pomfret, Conn. He commenced law 
 
studies at Poughkeepsie, N. Y., 1855, and graduated from Union Law College at 
 Cleveland, '57. returning to Michigan where his father had removed in 1853. He 
 was admitted at Grand Kapids, and settled in Muskegon in 1858. He was chosen 
 prosecutor for Ottawa Co., and, when Muskegon Co. was set oft', he was elected its 
 first prosecuting attorney. Mr. Holt was elected to the Legislature '67, '69, '7l, '79 
 and '87, serving on several important committees and as chairman of committee on 
 ways and means. He was elected IJeut. Gov. of this state 1872, and reelected in 
 '74; was Mayor of Muskegon '78 and "79, and has made an honorable record as 
 a citizen and politician. He is the present alternate republican presidential elector 
 for the 9th district. He was a member of the Constitutional Convention 1876. 
 
 Smith, Niins, Hoyt & Erwin are among the prominent law lirms in this city. 
 Francis Smith is a native of Oniario, and, after an academic course, read law at 
 Toronto, graduating from the Michigan Univeisity in 1864. He located herein '66, 
 "was prosecuting attorney '69 to '73, and has now been nearh' twenty-seven j'ears in 
 /practice here. Frederick A. Nims was born in Clinton, attended the Wesleyau 
 • Seminary at Albion and Hobart college of Geneva, N. Y.; read law with Withej'^ 
 •& Gray in Grand Rapids, and was admitted to practice June 5, 1860. After three 
 jrears' service in the war he located in Muskegon in 1865, becoming a partner with 
 Mr. Smith in '67. Mr. Nims has been prominently connected with railroad 
 Uiaatters since the first company was organized to Idling the iron horse here, and for 
 seventeen years past has been a member of the board of education. H. J. Hoyt is a 
 native of Oakland Co., Mich., attended academy at Aurora, N. Y.; read law at 
 Pontiac, and Avas admitted to practice in 1867. Mr. Hoyt at once located in Muske- 
 gon, and in '73 became a partner with Smith, Nims & Erwin. forming tlie above 
 quartette. David D. Erwin was born at Rushville, III., educated at the Wesleyau 
 University of Bloomington; read law with Smith & Nims, was admitted to practice 
 in 1870, soon afterwards becoming a partner in the firm. This firm has commodi- 
 ous rooms with extensive library at 75 and 77 W. Western avenue. 
 
 L. N. Keating was born at Monroe, Mich.. Oct. 15, 1840, attended Hillsdale 
 College, and graduated inlaw from the Michigan University in 1866. He practiced 
 at Hillsdale until locating h. re in '75. Mr. Keating is a director in the M. G. R.& I. 
 Ry. and the opera house; also a director in the Oceana Co. Savings Bank at Hart. 
 He is local attorney for the G. R. & I. and T. S. & M. Rys. Oflice, No. 11 First 
 street, rear of Hackley National Bank. Residence, 87 Houston avenue. 
 
 Francis W. Cook, of Chemung Co., N Y., came to Michigan 1855. He com- 
 menced law studies in '66 at Ovid, was admitted April '70, and the following winter 
 located in Muskegon. He served as police justice in '72; city attorney in '76, and 
 has been prominent in criminal law. Mr. Cook was elected to the Legislature in 
 '82, and again in '90. He has been an outspoken democrat, and on that ticket was 
 elected as Mayor in 1884. He has a large law library, and office rooms in the 
 Kiffeuberg Block. 
 
 C. J. Cliaddock is a native of Genesee Co., N. Y., attended Ann Arbor Law 
 school in 1864, and in '72 came to Muskegon, where he was engaged in merchan- 
 dising for about ten yeai's, prior to taking up the regular practice of law. His 
 ofiice^rooms are No. 2 and 3 Laudreth Block. 
 
 Horace L. Delano is a native of Andover, O.; read law with Judge Russell of 
 Hart, and Avas admitted to the bar May '76. He was circuit court commissioner 
 here from '78 to '82; prosecuting attorney twice to fill vacancy, and elected in '83 
 for a two-years' term. Mr. Delano is secretary of the Muskegon Chemical Fire 
 Engine Co., and is largelj' interested in other manufacturing concerns, and the 
 general welfare of Muskegon. Oftice in Lyman Block. 
 
 Buoker & Carpenter. — Robt. E. Bunker, of Jackson, Mich., after a preparatory 
 course at Grass LaKC Union School, attended Michigan University, rereiving the 
 deo-ree of B. A. in '72, and M. A. in '75. In the meantime. Prof. Bunker had 
 charge of the schools at St. Johns, Mich., and in 1875 Avas made superintendent of 
 the Muskegon free schools, which position he resigned after three years, to enter 
 the law office of Smith, Nims, Hoyt i^ Erwm. He was admitted to practice in '79 
 and the following year graduated from the law department of the Michigan Univer- 
 {Atlorneys continued after Review). 
 
99 
 
 SUMMARY AND REVIEW. 
 
 Read this if nothing more. — Some persons, into whose lumds this book may 
 fall, will not have time to peruse the entire sketch. General information or im- 
 portant historic;\l data appear on many jjagesand the jiamphlet is worthy of pre- 
 servation for fnture reference, even though its owner may care nothing about 
 Muskegon. The primary ol)ject has been to present, in convenient shape for 
 mailing, every material feature of this city and its snri-oundings-.without exagger- 
 ation. Muskegon presents favorable opportunities, for almost any kind of manu- 
 facturing enterprises, sanitary institutions, or tourist resorts. Personal investiga- 
 tion will convince the most skeptical, that this is no boom edition and that con- 
 ditions have as often been uniler-estimated as transcended. Much more than has 
 been told may truthfully be said about the advantages of this vicinity. We have 
 calamity howlers, here as elsewhere and Muskegon lias not escaped depres.sinc in- 
 fluences but the statistics from post-office, schools, electric wire and common car- 
 riei's, (27-32, 49-57), demonstrate without question, that '92 has been surpassed by 
 no former year. More buildings have been erected heretofore than in the past 
 season, but those of '92 have been of tlie most substantial kind. More than $100,- 
 000 in residential improvements, $100,000 in churcbes, $100,000 in puljlic buildings 
 $100,000 in business blocks, $150,000 in schools and $100,000 in puljlic improvements! 
 are not bad showings for a dull season. Capitalists seeking profitable invest- 
 ments in manufacturing, should read pageso, 7, 9; for iron and steel developments 
 and furnace facilities, 65-8; flour mills, 69; lumber interests, 71-80. Muskeo-ou 
 Heights has about a dozen industrial concerns, some of which ai;e the largest" of 
 their kind in the world, 41-46. North Muskegon has several lumber, lath and 
 shingle manufactories, 48-9. This city has over 20 mills, etc., 69-81; more than 
 20 diversified manufactories of magnitude, 81-90; but extensive manufacturing 
 makes a permanency obtainable in no other waj', and tiiere is abundance of room 
 for great developments here. Muskegon has a grand foundation for industrial 
 progress. Her I'ail and water transportation facilities, taken in connection, are 
 exceptionally good, and additions to these will doubtless soon be made, 33-4, 49-55. 
 While we have described all the larger manufacturing concerns, (excepting the 
 car-works and foundry which are temporarily suspended,) we do not claim com- 
 pleteness, as there are smaller concerns which we have not time nor space to 
 re.ach; among which may be mentioned, marble and granite works, cooper shops, 
 willow and rattan works, electric alarm works, lime works, upholstery, black- 
 smithing, cigars, furniture, harness, tailoring and others connected with mercan- 
 tile matters. Enough, however, has been said to show our principal interests, and 
 b}' reference to the index the casual observer may find such articles as he pleases 
 to read. We have omitted illu>trations of two fine churches, in coui'se of erection. 
 While our leading professional men have been noticed; on account of absence re- 
 quest, or other circumstances, there are several omissions. Our church and 
 societj^ pages show great completeness in these respects, 57-64, 106-111. The culti- 
 vation and refinement here are all that could be desired, there are manv elegant 
 streets and numerous residences and business blocks, as worthy of illustration as 
 those given in these pages; but we have shown enough to attract attention and 
 persons interested in locating here will find a hearty welcome and cordial assis- 
 tance by addressing the secretary of the Board of Trade. This society, for public 
 improvement, has just been re-organized and contains the names of nearly 300 of 
 our live business men. Free sites will be given to encourage proper manufactur- 
 ing enterprises and every person interested in Muskegon's future will receive 
 courteous attention. 
 
 (attokneys, continued from page 98). 
 sity. Mr. Bunker served as city attorney for 3 years, and for some time past has 
 been secretaiy of the school board. Wm. Carpenter, whose personal notes are found 
 on page 25, as city attorney, graduated in the same law class with Mr. Banker. 
 The present co-partnership was formed 5 years since. The firm have rooms 5 and 
 6 over Haekley Bank. 
 
 Sessions & Bassett.— This law firm occupy commodious rooms at No. 35, 37 
 and 39 Torrent block where a general law business is transacted. Clarence W. 
 
100 
 
 Sessions is a native of Ionia Co., graduated at the High School of Ionia, attended 
 two years in the literary department of the Mich. University, a year in the law 
 department and was admitted to the bar in 1884. He located herein '85 and served 
 as citj^ attorney in '88. Mr. Sessions buys, sells and exchanges real estate and 
 has extensive interests in Muskegon, and elsewhere. Frank. H. Bassett was born 
 in Nottingham, N. H., attended high school in his native state, taught for 7 j'ears 
 when he removed to Muskegon, read law, and Feb. '85 was admitted to practice. 
 He served for 4 j'ears as circuit court commissioner and filled a vacancy as J. P. 
 
 Jones & Clark. — Arthur Jones, of Lansing, Mich., took the degree of B. S, 
 from the agricultural college of his native city, 1881, and three years later gradu- 
 ated from the law department of the Michigan University, locating in j)ractice 
 here. Joseph H. Clark, of Sandusky, O., graduated in the scientific cour.se of the 
 Valparaiso Aormal School, 1880, read law with Winsor & Snover, at Port Austin, 
 and was admitted February, 1885. After four years practice at Manistique he 
 located here January, 1890, as partner with Mr. Jones. The firm have rooms 31, 
 3U, and 32. Mason Block. 
 
 Turner, Tnrner & Tnruer. — The Turner Brothers, Avith office rooms at Nos. 
 1 and 13 Landreth block, come from a family of lawyers; their father, Jerome W. 
 Turner, and grand father, Judge Josiah Turner, having for many years past been 
 in practice at Owosso, this state. All the brothers read law in' the office of Judge 
 Turner. Jerome E. was admitted to the bar in 1881, practiced at Detroit, Owosso 
 and Kalkaska prior to joining his younger brothers in this city Feb. '91. Willard 
 J. graduated from the Owosso high school and was admitted to practice Sept. '83. 
 After 8 ytars practice in the Shiawassee circuit court, he removed to Muskegon 
 June '90. Charles G. came at the same time having been admitted 5 years pre- 
 vious. He was in practice in Chicago for a time, and served as prosecuting at- 
 torney at Lake City for 2 years j)rior to coming here. 
 
 Brown & Lovelace. — N. J. Brown was born in Cortland Co., N. Y., came to 
 Michigan in childhood, attended the Portland high school, read law in Ionia Co., 
 was admitted in 1874, taught school for a year when he engaged in practice in 
 Montcalm Co., where he was prosecuting attorney 4 years, and other official jjosi- 
 tions, having been elected to the State Legislature in 1889. He located in Muske- 
 gon in 1890, when the above partnership was formed. Geo. S. Lovelace is a na- 
 tive of Glens Falls, N. Y., graduated from the accidemy at Norwich, Conn., 1878, 
 
 MUSKEGON CHEMICAL FIRE ENGINE CO. 
 
101 
 
 read law in tlie same city and was admit ted ill 1882. Tlie following year he en- 
 gaged in the liiml)er trade here, was elected county clerk in '88, and after leaving 
 the clerk's ollice returned to the practice of law. The firm occupy rooms in Ly- 
 man block. 
 
 Chns. S, Marr was born in Cayuga Co., N. Y., 1849, and commenced law in 
 1870. He was admitted to the bar in '75 and started practice at Battle Creek. 
 Later he removed to Wexford Co., and 3 j'ears ago came to Muskegon, entering 
 partnership with F. W. Cook. 'I'his relation was afterwards dissolved, and Mr. 
 Marr opened his present office at No. 10, JetTerson sti'eet. 
 
 J. E. Sullivan is a native of Prince fjd ward Co., Canada, taught school for 
 several years in JMichigan, read law with F. W. Cook and was admitted to the 
 bar in 1885, since which he has been in practice. He was circuit court commis- 
 sioner 1888-9. Office No. 9, W. Western ave. 
 
 Boyd & Boyd.— J. L. Boyd was educated at the Hillsdale High school, his 
 native city, read law with Geo. A. Knickerbocker of the same place; was admitted 
 to the bar in 1878, and commenced practicing at Kalkaska. July, 1890 he returned 
 to Hillsdale; forming a partnership with Frankhauser Bros., where he remained 
 until entering into 2:)artnership with his brother here May '92. J. B. Boyd at- 
 tended the same high school, and read law with Boyd & Totten; being admitted to 
 the bar in 1883. He began practicing at Kalkaska, but in 1890 came to Muskegon. 
 The firm occupies rooms at 42 West Western avenue. J. B. Boyd is city attorney 
 for North Muskegon, 
 
 L. King Soper, was born in St. Lawrence County, N. Y., graduated from 
 Gouverueur Academy 1870 and the following year from the law department of the 
 St. Lawrence University, tie practiced at Dodge Citj^ Kan , for five years prior to 
 locating here in 1891. His room is No. 28, Mason Block. Mr. Soper was chosen as 
 Circuit Court Commissioner at the recent election. 
 
 REAL ESTATE, INSURANCE, LOANS, ETC. 
 
 Although Muskegon had a rapiil gi'owth for fifteen j^eai's after its incorpora- 
 tion, its promoters realized, a few years since, that witli the decrease of lumber 
 manufacturing, new industries must be found to take its place or there would be 
 insufficient employment for the laboring classes. By a pi"econcerted action, a 
 number of thriving industries have been planted here, and the depression from the 
 discontinuance of hmibering interests made much lighter. Although the growth 
 for 1892 has not been as I'apidly as in some former years, the buildings erected have 
 been of the most substantial kind, giving evidence of faith in the endurance and 
 ultimate success of Muskegon. The Haekley school, Episcopal church and Torrent 
 mansion, all of stone; High school. Court house, Occidental hotel and Brasted 
 livery of brick and stone, and many handsome private residences erected in 1892, 
 give evidence of the enduring character of Muskegon. We have never had a grand 
 boom and fictitious prices, but our real estate men, while liberality assisting in ad- 
 vertising Muskegon to the world, hav^e wisely decided to take a conservative course 
 and deal upon the mei'its of the property in hand. 
 
 Lyman G. Mason stands prominent among real estale owners, who have 
 been continuously identified with Muskegon's development since 1856. He was 
 born June 22, 1829. With C. H. Goodman he erected a mill here iu 1856, and 
 within his twenty- five years as a lumberman erected several other mills. Through 
 his inrtuenee the Goodrich Co. hav^e made this a regular port since 1862. and, with 
 the assistance of his partner, the Central wharf was erected in 1865. Mr.. Mason 
 was president of the first railroad movement here in 1868, and has ever held a 
 record of progressive enterprise. He was pi'esident of the village; on the school 
 board for five years; alderman 1874-7; mayor '86, and has been largely interested in 
 our principal monetai'y and manufacturing institutions. In 1874-6 he erected the 
 Mason block, at a cost cf over $75,000, and in 1888 made a handsome addition to 
 the city's architectural development, in the ei'eetion of the Lyman block, described 
 on subsequent page as "Hotel Lyman." In 1890 he erected the Russell block, at a 
 cost of $30,000. This is a three-stoi'y brick of modern architectural design, occu- 
 
102 
 
 pied by the post-office, Y. M. C. A. and Improvement Co. Besides business 
 pi'operty, Mr. Mason has been, and is still, extensively interested in residential 
 districts. 
 
 Wesley F. Wood, a native of St. Lawrence Co., N. Y. , is also a pioneer of 1856, 
 and has been extensively intere-ted in real estate from the start. Coming np with 
 Muskegon's development, he has ever had faith in its permanency', and owns several 
 hundred houses and lots. Persons desiring to secure a permanent home can make 
 easy terms, for purchase or rent, from Mr. Wood. Since the great fire of May 16, '91, 
 he ha§ erected a well-appointed office at 78 Pine street. Mr. Wood also has surround- 
 ing farm interests and many desiral)le building lots. He has been prominently 
 identified with Muskegon's development for nearly thirty-seven years. 
 
 Marshall C. Kelloy. — This Law, Loan and Real Estate office, in Chronicle 
 block, 14 and 16 First street, is among the solid institutions of its kind. Mr. Kelley 
 was born in New Hampshire, but came west thirty-five years ago. He taught 
 school four \ ears, was admitted to the bar at Joliet, 111., in 1865, and soon after- 
 wards located in Chicago, where he was interested in law and real estate until he 
 removed to this county in 1880. Here he engagetl in fruit-culture, Avas for several 
 years secretary and treasurer of the Muskegon Lumber Co., and for eight years 
 past has been engaged in the practice of law, loaning money, selling and exchang- 
 ing real estate. He is thoroughly acquainted with real estate values in the city 
 and county, and has on his looksmuch desirable city property and farming lands. 
 Within a few years past he has loaned a large amount of money at good rates of 
 interest, and in only three instances has been compelled to foreclose, in each of 
 Avhich, the property was ample to satisfy the mortgage, interest and costs. As 
 agent and attorney, Mr. Kelley represents the following companies: National Loan 
 and Investment Co., Detroit, authorized capital $20,000,000. This company has 
 loaned over a million within three years, at a prolit exceeding $100, (.00. The 
 
103 
 
 Security Savings find Lcmn, of Minneapolis, Minn., which lias loaiiec] over a million, 
 anil >Jorth American Savings, J^oan and linildlng Co., of St. Panl, having $^200,000' 
 invested. For his upriglit business dealings, Mr. Kelley refers to the above asso- 
 ciations, or any of the Mnskegon banks, and will furnish Eastern references upon 
 application. Capitalists, investors, manufacturers or home seekers will have their 
 interests faithfully attended to if placed in the care of this ageuc}'. Mr. Kellt^y is 
 inte, ested in Villa Ridge sulidivision, a pleasant summer resort on Lake Mono, 
 thi'ce miles south of Muskegon near Hacklej^ Park A.ssembly, and also handles 
 California and Pacific Coast fruit and timber lands. 
 
 Ernest A. "VVordeu, who oc( upied a prominent position in the dry goods trade 
 of Muskegon during the past decade, is a native of Utica, McComb Co., Mich. 
 Mr. Worden has been a heavy investor in suburban properly and unimproved city 
 lots, aiul a couple of years since, sold out his mercantile business, in order to give 
 his entire attention to real estate interests. He owns a lai'ge amount of acreage, 
 adjoining the southeastern city limits, and in addition to his own extensive hold- 
 ings, hamlles property on commission. Parties interested in large or small deals 
 will do well to consult him, as his reputation aud business ablity are unquestioned. 
 
 L. A. Smith & Co. — The late Dennis Smith was a large real estate owner in 
 Muskegon and erected a number of houses and business blocks. Since his decease 
 the real estate matters of the estate has been in hands of his son, Lawrence A., 
 under above title. The firm owns the handsome Dennis Smith block, corner 
 Terrace st. aud Clay ave., aud has recently erected the new Lawrence block on 
 Western ave. near Teri'ace st. Smith & Co. have a large number of desirable lots, 
 on Soiith Ten-ace St., between Irwin st. and Laketon ave. 
 
 Brink & Morgtin. — Numerous real estate agencies tend to promote the growth 
 of a city, as the men at their head are generall_y of liberal spirit, aud persistent 
 advertisers. The members of the above firm are 3'oung self-made men and eager 
 to fill all reasonable requirements of customers. G. A. Brink is a native of 
 Saginaw and working in this line of trade here since June 1891. W. F. Morgan 
 was born and i-eared in Muskegon and after attendance at the city schools and 
 Valparaiso Normal, engaged in business. The above copartnership was formed 
 in July, 18!)2, for the general handling of real estate, rents, collections, etc, as 
 well as negotiating loans and placing fire, accident, life and live stock insurance. 
 They give special attention to Muskegon city property and have numerous bar- 
 gains to offer, covering lots in all parts of the city, Muskegon Heights and North 
 Muskegon, alsohonses and business in various lines. Oftice rooms 1 and 3, Miller 
 block, foot of Jefferson st. 
 
 Orletu.s A. Doane, a native of St. Lawrence Co., N. Y., after serving a time 
 in Toledo as civil engineer, and a year in the war, came to Muskegon in 18(55, aud 
 was for many years Ciigaged in millwright work. In 1874, he commenced the real 
 estate and insurance business, and with over 18 years of conscientious endeavor, 
 has secui-eda large patrouage that stands by him. Mr. Doane represents ten 
 responsible companies. His principal business in this line is tii"e insurance 
 although accident, plate glass, etc., have attention. The insurance business re- 
 quires careful investigation regarding the responsibility and honorable manner 
 of adjustments of the various companies. The busy business man may not al- 
 ways have at command the time or means for intelligent det'isiou, but when 
 satisfied regarding the character and reputation of the agent with whom he deals, 
 he has only to indicate the kind and amount of insurance which he desires and 
 the agent will look after the minutae. ]\lr. Doane also conducts a loan agency 
 and has anenvial)le re])ntation for careful attention to his customers" interests 
 and the i^romptness with which lire losses have been adjusted. Being thoroughly 
 familiar with Muskegon values, he has met with a fair share of success in the real 
 estate line, having mnch desirable property on his list. OiKce rooms 9 and 10 
 Merrill block, corner Western ave. aud Jefferson st. 
 
 S. E. Johnson, who hasrecentl.y removed from the Merchants' National Bank 
 building to the Al)>tract block, on JelTerson St., conducts a real estate, loan and 
 insurance office. He is a native of Wisconsin, locating in Mnskegon Nov. 17. 
 1882. Formerly in mercantile business at Lakeside, about a year since he sue- 
 
:(M 
 
 BRUNSWICK BLOCK, LAKESIDE. 
 
 ceeded to the business of W. D. antl E. S. Kelly, which had been established in 
 1888. Mr. Johnson is agent foi* the Genesee, National Savings and Loan Associa- 
 tion, of Rochester, N. Y., which is among the best doing business in that line, and 
 he makes a specialty of investments. A general real estate business is transacted, 
 lands being bought, sold or exchanged. Mr. Johnson holds a notarial seal and 
 looks after conveyancing, the perfection of titles, collection of rents, etc., for non- 
 residents. Mr. Johnson owns the above building. 
 
 Jos. D. Davis, of New York, came to Muskegon in 1852, erected the first 
 frame store in the i)lace and continued in mercantile business for many years. 
 He has been largely interested in real estate having formerly owned 200 acres 
 which is now a part of the city. Mr. Davis still has a large number of desirable 
 lots near Highland Park, which will be sold on easy terms. He makes headquarters 
 at Ryerson & Hills office. 
 
 Wm. A. Smith, of Onondago County, N. Y., was brought to Pontiac in infancy 
 where his parents located in 1835. When of age he settled in Ionia County, from 
 whence he removed to Muskegon in 1868 and lias since been in Insurance business. 
 He represents the Guardian of l^ondon, Citizen of New York, and the Atlas Assur- 
 ance Co. of England. Office, I'oom 3, Merrill Block. 
 
 MaxLang'e has resided here for 22 years, formerly in the grocery trade, in 1879 
 he changed to insurance and real estate. He writes for ten responsible companies. 
 Mr. Lange is alderman from the Fifth Ward and has been prominent in Muske- 
 gon's development. Rooms 2 and 4, 97 W. Western avenue. 
 
 Steplieii Spalding:, a native of Plainfield, Conn., came to Muskegon in Octo- 
 ber, 1885, ami January following opened an insurance office. He represents the 
 Firemen's Fund of San Francisco, Cal.; Providence-Washington of Providence, R. 
 T. ; Citizens of Pittsburg and Commerce of Albany, N. Y., all reliable companies. 
 Room 28, Mason Block. 
 
 Will. Reynolds, Notary Public, Conveyancer, Real Estate and Collection 
 Agent, is a native of Indiana in which state he was 8 years a J. P. and has 
 
lOr, 
 
 sevvod () yours in a like capacity since coming to Muskegon in LSBO. Oilicc, rooni 
 21 Landreth Block. 
 
 Walter S. Horn is a native of Lehigh county, Pcnn., and for the past lifteeii 
 years has been a resilient of Muskegon. In 1888 he started in the lire insurance 
 business, and no-w represents the Granite State Insurance Company, of Forts- 
 mouth, N. H., United States, Pacific and New York Bowery, of New York. Mr. 
 Horn is also a Notary Public and conveyancer. His otllce room is at 10 S. Jeffer- 
 son street. 
 
 Hovey & McCracken, who have been in Muskegon for twenty-five years past, 
 have large real estate holdings here, and have made extensive developments upon 
 their Lake Street Subdivision. 
 
 Just as we go to press, with closins: pages, January 1, 1893, the ten-car plant, 
 Muskegon Car Works, which has been idle for some time, has been purchased by 
 Hovey & Mc(^racken, and in a few weeks will be again in full operation, giving 
 employment to about 850 men. This is a very important addition to the city's 
 industrial development. 
 
 PHOTOGRAPHERS AND ENGRAVER 
 
 William McConib, a native of Toronto, Canada, began work in photography 
 in 1859. at Notman's celebrated gallery in Montreal. He came to Muskegon 1878, 
 and has preserved about 39 000 negatives. Some of these were destroyed by ihe 
 recent tire, but many remain intact, and since the scoi'ch Mr. McComb has added 
 the latest develoi ments for backgi'ounds, and other modern improvements in 
 picture making, and is again in first-class working order at the old stand, 19 W. 
 Western avenue. Our readers are indebted to Mr. McComb for the portrait group 
 found on page 70. 
 
 James Hamilton, who purchased the photograpic business of T. H. Powe, at 
 14 and 16 Jefferson street a year since, is a native of Grey Co., Ont., and has been 
 engaged in photography for a dozen years. He was at Springfield and elsewhere, 
 prior to coming here Nov. 12 '91, and has made a special study of tine work. The 
 enamel raised-work process is used here, to the delight of customers. This gallery 
 has elegant waiting rooms, every convenience for operating, and makes a specialty 
 of large group work. 
 
 B. W. Ladd, successor to N. B. Lawson, is a native of Herkimer Co., N. Y., 
 and commenced photography at Utica, N. Y., 1868, having worked in Detroit as 
 chief operator for Powelson & Miller for twenty years, prior to purchasing the 
 above gallerj', June '93. The rooms at 35 and 37 Mason block, have been fitted in 
 a superb manner, with every convenience in this line. Mr. Ladd keeps a force of 
 skilled artists and e\'ery desirable size and stylo of portrait is turned out. 
 
 Frank E. Payne was formerly in business at 51 W. Western avenue, and has 
 recently returned to the old stand, where he does all kinds of work in this line. A 
 number of the illustrations in this book are from his photographs. 
 
 Tromp & McDermaml have recently opened a well-fitted photograph gallery 
 at No. 43 VV. Western avenue, where special attention will be given to iwrtrait 
 work, in all styles and sizes. Both partners are experienced operators. 
 
 Martin V. Fadner, a native of Cleveland, O., i-esiding in Wisconsin for several 
 years, in 1883 commenced making a specialty of photographic views. He has 
 wide angle lens and other improvements for landscape photography, and, with 
 many years of experience in scenic specialties, has become an expert in that 
 line. James Hamilton has developed all his recent work. Mr. Fadner has many 
 prior negatives, having taken views of nearly all public buildings and principal 
 private residences of this city. We are indebted to Mr. Fadner's views, for most of 
 the engravings from I'age 52 forward. 
 
 F. J. Brown & Co.— Frederick J. Brown, of Detroit, commenced the en- 
 gravers trade twelve years ago, and Oct. 1890 located here. His office is room 7, 
 23 Terrace street. Mr. Brown has furnished a large share of the cuts in this work, 
 which speak for themselves, all of the above artists having assisted in producing 
 the photographs. F. J. Brown & Co. make a specialty of wood, zinc and half-tone 
 engraving, catalogues, railroad pamphlets and general illustrated work. 
 
106 
 
 SOCIAL SOCIETIES, ASSOCIATIONS, ETC. 
 
 \Yhile the ediu-atioiial and religious features of a place liave due weight with 
 the intelligent prospective settler, tiie secret societies, or other social attractions, 
 are a matter to Avhich much importance is attached b}- some persons, and we shall 
 herewith show some of Muskegon's advantages from a social and moral aspect. 
 
 The Crusadeis, or Knights of the Temple, which was organized in 1096 
 with the avowed intent of wresting Jerusalem and the Holy Land from the hands 
 of the Turks, was the earliest modei'n secret society of which we have authentic 
 record. This organization assumed a military character and many thousands of 
 lives wei'e sacrificed in what was considered to be a religious cause.' 
 
 ANCIENT FREE AND ACCEPTED MASONS. 
 
 Free Masonry has its rites and ceremonies founded upon the ti'aditions of the 
 building of King Solomon's Temple, and some of its devotees chiim for it a con- 
 tinued existence among skilled operative Masons from that time to the present 
 date, but its origin may be said to have been lost in remote antiquity. It is un- 
 doubtedly an ancient and respectable institution, embracing among its members 
 men of every rank and condition of life, and stands prominent among the institu- 
 tions established for the improvment of mankind. It is said that ancient Master 
 Masons met at York, A. D., 926, and at least one Scottish lodge has written records 
 extending back to 1599. Elias Ashmole in 1664 gave in his diary an account of his 
 initiation into the society. Twenty years later after the great London tire. Sir Chris- 
 topher Wren, then grand master of the order in that city, secured prompt financial 
 aid for the sutfering Masons, and the society flourished, accepting from time to time 
 princes, potentates and rulers, as honorary members, who had not been proficient in 
 operative work. In 1702 St. Paul's lodge, of London, then theonlj' active Masonic 
 lodge in existence, dropped the operative restriction and agreed to accept as a 
 candidate any man, free born, of mature age, moral character, sound body, and 
 under the tongue of good Masonic report. In 1717, four lodges united to form the 
 Grand Lodge of England, and from this the advent of speculative Free Masonry 
 may properly be dated. It soon spread to France and other countries of the con- 
 tinent, and in 1733 was introduced in America. Washington organized and con- 
 ducted American Union Lodge, No. 1, in the Colonial army. At present there is 
 no country on the civilized glol^e in which it has not gained a foothold, and its 
 membership exceeds 3,000,000, numbering in its ranks many of the most celebrated 
 men of the age, covering all shades of I'eligious and political belief. 
 
 Miiskeg-on Lodge, No. 140, was chartered Jan. 16, 1863. The present member- 
 ship is ul)out 180. Meets first Monday of each month. P. O. Holthe. W. M. ; 
 Alb. Waidron, S. W.;N. P. Lofblad, J.'W.: C. C. Billinghm-st, Treas.; Wm. Mc- 
 Comb, Secy. 
 
 Lovell Moore, 'So. 1S2, was chartered Jan. 11, 1866. The present membership 
 is about 20.5. Communications ai'e held on the first Wednesday of each month. 
 Wm. B. McLaughlin, W. M.: D. A. Miner, S. W.; C. B. Cross, J. W.; O. C. 
 AYilliams, Treas.; B. O. Franklin, Secy. 
 
 Muskegon Chapter, No. 47, was chartered Jan. 8,1867, and has about 18J com- 
 panions. Thos. Munroe, H. P.; P. P. Misner, King; N. P. Lofblad, Scribe; C. C. 
 Billingiiurst, Treas.; Geo. D. Smith, Secy. Convocations are held on the lirst Thurs- 
 day of each month. 
 
 Muskegon Council, No. 54, Royal and Select Masters, chartered Jan., 1882, has 
 about 85 members. Regular assembly, second Friday of each month. Geo. D. 
 Smith, T. I. M.; C. C. Billinghurst, Treas. ;Wm. McComb, Rec. 
 
 Muskegon Coniniandery, No. 22, Knights Templars was chartered June 3. '68, 
 and has about 150 Sir Knights Regular conclaves are held on the fii'st Tuesday 
 of each month. Jas. Gow, E. C. ;Chas. S. Dodge, Gen.; J. R. Bennett, C. G.; Wm. 
 McComb, Rec; H. D. Baker, Treas. 
 
107 
 
 RES. FRANK ALBERTS. 
 
 INDEPENDENT ORDER OF ODD FELLOWS. 
 
 A society of the Ancient and Honorable Loyal Odd Fellows Avas formed about 
 the beginning of the present century, and from its fantastic and convivial char- 
 acter was probably originated as a burlesque on the Free Masons; but in 1813, 
 some of the brotherhood at Manchester, England, conceived a plan for the con- 
 tinuance of the order on noble and lasting principles — prompt attentiance and dis- 
 bursement of funds to a sick brother, administrations to the needs of the widows 
 and education of the orphans — fellowship, love and truth. Ajjril 26, 1819, Thomas 
 Wilder, of Manchester, and four others, organized the first lodge of the Indepen- 
 dent Order of Odd Fellows in the United States at Baltimore, Md., naming it 
 Washington Lodge, No. 1. Eleven months later a second lodge was located at 
 Boston, and December 26, 1821, the third society was organized at Philadelphia. 
 The Sovereign Grand Lodge of America was formed at Baltimoi-e, June 1823, and 
 from that date the order made a rapid growth in the new world. There are some 
 50 grand lodges on this continent, with 6,800 subordinate lodges and a member- 
 ship of over 650,000. The membership in Europe is approximately the same, ag- 
 gregating about one and one-fourth millions of Odd Fellows. 
 
 Miiskegron Lodge, No. \)2, was organized in 1865, and has a membership of 190. 
 Meets every Friday evening. Daniel James, N. G.; Thomas Richar. V. G.; P. 
 McEachere'n, P. S.': W. F. Wiselogel, Treas. 
 
 Gerinaiiia, No. 171), was organized Jan. 25, 1872, and has a membership of about 
 60. Frank Kolbe, N. G.: Albert Mundt, V. G.; Adam Kersting, P. S.; 
 John G. Behnke, Ti-eas. Meets every ThursdaJ^ 
 
 Canton MiLskegon, Xo. 6 P. Iff. was organized in Oct , 1885, and meets every 
 second and fourth Mondays. N. P. Lofl)lad, Comdt; E. P. Watson, Lieut.; Peter 
 LansifT, Acct.; Peter McEacheren, Clerk; D. James, Ensign. The membership is 47. 
 
108 
 
 Davis Encampuient,No.47,was organized in 1869 and the present membership 
 is about 75. Ole Hough, C. P.; O. E. Rasmus, H. P.; Daniel James, S. W.-, Wm. 
 Fleislier, J. W.; Albert Gerst, S. ; Peter Lansiff, Treas. Meets first and third 
 Tuesday. 
 
 Dangfhtersof Rebelsa Gem, No.l24,was organized June 1889, and meets second 
 and fourth Tuesdays in I. O. O F. Hall, having a membership of 136. Mrs. 
 Susan McEachern.'N. G.; Mrs. Chas. Hills, V. G.; Miss Mattie Brilton, R. S.; Mrs. 
 J. L. Clark, F. S.; Mrs. H. B. Smith, Treas. 
 
 INDEPENDENT ORDER OF GOOD TEMPLARS. 
 
 Temperance organizations were formed early in the present century and ex- 
 erted a beueticiary influence all over the countrj'. The Good Templars were 
 organized in 1856 and since that time the order has had more ihau 10,000,000 
 initiates, the present number, in good standing, being about 600,000. 
 
 Muskegon Lodge, No. 288, was organized Dec. 20, 1880, and has a membership 
 of 75. Mc' ts everj' Tuesday evening in Good Templars' Hall, Odd Fellows Block. 
 Alex. Sutherland, C.T.; Mabel Hunt, Sec. 
 
 John B. Finch, No. 907, meets every Friday evening in Good Templars' Hall, 
 and was organized Nov. 1^87. B. O. Franklin, C. T., Miss Myrtie Green, Sec. 
 Its present membership is 33. 
 
 KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS. 
 
 The order of Knights of Pythias was conceived from the play of "Damon and 
 Pythias" by an actor. Justice H. Rathbooe, of Washington, D. C, who organized 
 the society Feb. 19, 1864. It is of a chivalric or semi-military character, teaching 
 with striking force the principles of bi'avery, charity, humanity, benevolence and 
 unselfish friendship. The order now has a membership considerably above 375,- 
 €00. It has an endowment or beneficiary rank with over 30,000 members. 
 
 MuskesroM L» dge. No. 32,was chartered in 1877 and has a present membership 
 of 150. John A. Tiuholt, C. C; Geo. Schehr, V. C; Walter VanArkel Jr.,K. of R. S. 
 and M. of F. Meets every Tuesday evening in Mason Block. 
 
 Muskegon Division, No. 2,U.R.,was organized in 1880 and meets the first Mon- 
 day of each month at hall in Mason Block. W. J. Farr, Capt.; Geo. Schehr, First 
 Lieut. ;John A.Tinholt,Secoud Lieut.; Wm.Peer,Rec. The membershipis about 40. 
 
 CtRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 
 
 This organization was founded in 1866 in Illinois, and has a present member- 
 ship of about 450,000. It is composed exclusively of men who served in the late 
 war against the states which seceded from the Union. is a patriotic organization de- 
 signed to cherish the memories of the fallen comrades, assist and fraternize living 
 soldiers and dispense charities to the widows and orphans of the deceased. The 
 order has probably reached its acme, as it has incorporated in its ranks the major- 
 ity of those from the late war Avho are still living, and the death rate must now 
 necessarily be about as large as the increase from those who are eligible that still 
 I'emain outside its fulds. Under the present constitutional requirements it can 
 be but a few years at most until the order must succumb for the want of material, 
 and the Sons of Veterans has been organized as a society to perpetuate the mem- 
 ories of ihe fathers. 
 
 Pliil Kearney Post, No. 7, Department of Michigan, was charten d July 25, 
 1879, and meets every Monday at G. A. R. Hall. The membership is 215. W. F. 
 Wiselogel, C: Wm. Revnolds, S. V. C; J. W. Tayer, J. V. C; Geo. H. Gillett, 
 Adj.; Albert Towl, Q. M. 
 
 Women's Relief Corps, No. 105, meets the 1st and 3rd Wednesdays of each 
 month, at G. A. R. Hall. It was organized Mar. 1887, and has a membership of 
 33. Mrs. L. M. Tayer, Pres.; Minnie E. Lewis, Sec; Mrs. A. G. Ward, Treas. 
 
 ANCIENT ORDER OF UNITED WORKMEN. 
 
 The above order is the oldest of its kind in the United States, having been 
 ■established at Meadville, Pa., October 28, 1868, and now having a membership of 
 
109 
 
 RES. R. H. Mccracken. 
 
 over 300,000, which is hirgely in excess of any other beneficiary organization. 
 The A. O. U. W. is now annually paying to the rehitives of deceased members 
 over $5,000,000 and is carrying insurance risks aggregating over $600,000,000. 
 The full $2,000 has in all cases been promptly paid, without litigation, upon proper 
 proofs of the death of any brother in good standing and the order has a record 
 of reliability not excelled by any benehciary organization. It is not, as its name 
 would seem to imply, a fraternity of workingmen, but strictly a mutual insurance 
 and fraternal society composed of all phases of business, social and religious pre- 
 ferences. 
 
 Muskegron Lodg'e, No. 133, was organized Apr. 24, 1888, and ha^ a present 
 membei ship of 36». Meets every Wednesday evening in A. O. U. W. H.-dl, Riffen- 
 berg Block. W H. McKiustry, P. M. W.; Jacob Jesson, M. W.; Frank Joslvn, 
 Rec'd.; A. W. Bell, Fin.; A. N. Holthe, Kec. 
 
 INDEPENDENT ORDER OF FORESTERS. 
 
 This beneficiary insurance organization was commenced in New Jersey in 
 1874, its plans having been somewhat remodeled about ten years since. The 
 present headquarters, are at Toronto, and the business is conducted upon a sound 
 and economical basis. A surplus of over $.')00,000 has been accumulated, to be 
 used when needed, to keep the assessments on an equal)le basis at times when epi- 
 demics or accidents produce nn extra heavy mortality rate. The insurance ranges 
 from $1,000 to $3,000, for which a low regular monthly assessment is made, regard- 
 less of the current luunber of deaths. Thid order has a membership of over 45,000 
 
 Court Iron, No. 899, was organized Aug. 11, '91, and has a present member- 
 ship of 42. G. T. McComb, C. R.; W. F. Chrystal, V. C. R.; R. F. Drake, R. S.; 
 E. E. Kraai, F. S. and Treas.; D. W. Rose, Court Deputy. Meets 1st and 3rd Mon- 
 days of each month at Odd Fellows' hall. 
 
 ROYAL ARCANUM. 
 
 This fraternal beneficiary order was organized under Massachusetts laws in 
 November, 1877, and has all the popular features of modern society insurance 
 
110 
 
 Organized but 15 years ago this society now has about 1,500 Councils with au 
 aggregate membership of over 140,000 Its present annual payments to benefici- 
 aries is over $8,000,000, and by its careful selection of risks has maintained the 
 lowest average mortality rate of any organization approximatelj' as great. 
 
 Dluske^on City, Council No. 114, was organized Nov. 18, 1878, and has a 
 
 present membership of 92. James P. Fallon, R.; H. L. Partrick, V. R.; John W. 
 Yates, Treas. ; Howard Shaw, Sec. Meets every Thursday in A. O. U. W. hall. 
 
 KNIGHTS OF THE MACCABEES. 
 
 The order of the Knights of the Maccabees originated in 1878 at London, 
 Ontario, but the inequality of assessment basis, cau.sed it to re-organize as 
 a Michigan beneficiary order in 1881, under direction of Maj. N. S. Boynton. At 
 that time there was about 700 members in this state, and the order has since been 
 extended into many of the northern states, now having a membership above 
 100,000 of which nearly half are in this state. 
 
 Muskegon Tent, No. 56, was organized Oct. 1882, and meets everj' Tuesday 
 at K. O. T. M. Hall, Gustin's Block. The membership is about 225. G. T. McComb, 
 C; J. W. Peltibone, F. K.; M. Renuer, R. K. 
 
 Yictory Tent, No. 166, was organized May 25, 1886, and has a membei'ship of 
 64. J. W.'Tayer, C; Geo. A. Hirding, R. K.; H. C. Madson, F. K.; meets every 
 Wednesday at Scandinavian Hall. 
 
 Scandinavian Tent, No. 175, was organized Dec. 4, 1886. Present member- 
 ship about 200. Meets every Thursday at Scandinavian Hall, 49 E. Western ave. 
 Peter O. Hollhe, C; John Casteuholtz, R. K.; Ole Hough, F. K. 
 
 Oernianian Tent, No. 191, was organized in 1889. Meets Monday at Scandi- 
 navian Hall, and has a present membership of 85. August Luhman, C; Gus. 
 Lewandowsky, R. K.; FredMrosowski, F. K. 
 
 Davis Tent, No. 302, was organized in 1881, and meets every Thursday at 
 K. O. T. M. Hall, 8th ward. Geo. L. Dickinson, C. ; C. J. Anthony, R. K.; J. A. 
 Johnson, F. K.; membership 207. 
 
 Union Tent, No. 379, was organized Jan. 20, '91, and has a membership of 
 about 215. Meets every Tuesday in A. O. U. W. Hall. Rolla R. Pavne, C; W. J. 
 Mclntyre, R. K.; J. G. Williams, F. K. 
 
 Junior Camp, No. 2, U. R., was organized Sept. '91, meeting every Friday at 
 K. O. T. M. No. 56 Hall, and has a present membership of about 60. John R. Ben- 
 nett, C; W. D. Cathcart, J. C; Geo. T. McComb, J. R. K.; Thos. Stewart, J. F. K. 
 
 LADIES OF THE MACCABEES. 
 
 The L. O. T. M. originated in Muskegon, Mrs. A. G. Ward having been 
 the first Commander. It is the only beneficiary order in the country or- 
 ganized and conducted exclusively by ladies, and although considered as an 
 auxiliary to the K. O. T. M., it is a distinct institution and is governed 
 entirely by its own membership. It was started in March 1886, and a Great Hive 
 was organized in Michigan, May '90. The membership of the order is now nearly 
 12,000, of which more than two-thirds are in Mich igan. 
 
 Muskej^on Hive, No. 1, Avas organized March 24, 1886, and meets every Tuesday 
 afternoon at K. O. T. M. No. 56 Hall. Mrs. Emma LaFayette, L. C. ; Mrs. Electa 
 Dorman, L. R. K.; Mi's. Thomas Greg'ory, L. F. K. Present membership about 35. 
 
 American Hive, No. 4,was organized Jan. 1891, and has a membership of about 
 40. Mrs. Avis Payne, L. C.; Mrs. May Richardson, L. R. K. ; Mrs, Emma Audrus, 
 L. F. K. Meets every Tuesday afternoon at A. O. U. W. Hall. 
 
 Davis Hive, No. 5, was organized Dec. 1889. Meets evex'y Thursday afternoon 
 at K. O. T. M. No. 302 Hall and has a membership of about 70. Celia Anthony, 
 L. C; Mrs. HattieMoyer, L. R. K.; Alice Estes, L. F. K. 
 
Ill 
 
 Scaudinnvian Hive, 'So. 7, was organized Feb. 12, 1890, and lias a present mem- 
 bership of 27. Annie Holtlie, L. C.;Mrs.Lonise Iverson, L. R. K.; Mrs. Helen 
 Carpenter, L. F. K. Meets every Thursday afternoon in Scandinavian Hall. 
 
 Gennaiiia Hive, No. ;$.'>, was organized Januar}-^ 12, 1891. Meets alternate 
 Monday afternoons in Scandinavian Hall, and has a membership of 21. Mrs. 
 Matilda Krieling, L. C; Mrs. Ellen DeWald, L. K. K.; Mrs. MaryRiek, L. F. K. 
 
 CATHOLIC BENEFICIARY SOCIETIES. 
 
 Catholic Mutual Beuelit Association is composed exclusively of adherents to 
 
 the Catholic faith and has the fall endorsement of the Churcii and clergy. This 
 fraternal insurance society has gained a well merited i)opularity. It was first 
 organized at Niagara Falls, N. Y., December 1876, and now has a membership of 
 over 42,000. This organization disbursed in 1892, over $600,000, to the relatives of 
 deceased members. 
 
 ■■ — . Bi'anch 6, was organized in 1879 and has a membership of 80. Micheal Hoban, 
 Pres.; Albert Quinn, V-Pres.; Christopher Stewart, Sec; Richard Meade, F. S.; 
 Jos. Mai'coux, Treas. Meets second and fourth Tuesdays at St. Mary's School 
 building. 
 
 Branch 56, (French) was organized Sept. '90, and meets first and third Tues- 
 days at St. Jean Baptiste church. Present membership 40. C. Blais, Pres.; 
 Thos. Lecompt,V-P.; Jos. Groleau,Sec.; Thos. Hamblin.F. S. ; Jos. Lambert, Treas 
 
 RES. P. J. CONNELL. 
 
113 
 
 St. Joseph's Branch, No. (JO, (German) was organized March '91. Present 
 membership's, and meets every second and foiirth Mondays at German Catholic 
 School house. Christ Engels, Pres.; Mark S])liedt, V-Pres.; Wm. Fortenbacher, F, 
 S.; F. B. Drexeler, R. S.; Nicholas Schmidt, Treas. 
 
 Ancient Order of Hibernians, Division No. 1, was organized in 1885 and has 
 a membership of about 40. James Fallon, County Delt^gate; Plnllip Buckley, 
 Pres. ; Maurice Drinan, V-Pres.; John Donovan, R. S.; Richard Meade, F. S.; T. 
 J. O'Conuer, Treas. Meets every Wednesday evening at St. Mary's Catholic 
 School. 
 
 WESTERN AVENUE, AT OCCIDENTAL HOTEL. 
 
 Occidental Hotel. — The general prosperity of a place is enhanced by first- 
 class hotel accommodations, and Musi^egon is greatly favored in that direction. 
 The late N. A. Barney commenced the hotel business here some twenty-five years 
 ago, increasing it from time to time, until the new Occidental, shown in the ac- 
 companying cut, was erected as the crowning completion. It is four stories, of 
 brick and stone, fronts 202 ft. on Western avenue, and extending 132 ft. on 'Jliird 
 street. The house is luxuriantly furnished, fitted with every modern convenience, 
 and makes a handsome addition to the city's architectural development. Gas and 
 electric light, electric annunciators, elevator, steam heating, elegant barber shop, 
 bath rooms, bar and reading rooms, parlors, etc. Tlie office on the first floor is 
 surjtassed in grandeur by very few metropolitan hotels. While the above improve- 
 ments were in progress the senior Barney died, Oct. 31, '92, and the business is 
 continued by the estate, with Wm. H. Barney as manager. He has been reared in 
 the hotel business, is popular with the traveling public, and thoroughly acquainted 
 with hotel x-equirements. The Occidental has capacity for over 500 guests, and 
 coukl have no superior location. It is near the Central wharf, chief railroad 
 depot and post-office. Electric cars, passing in front, lead to every part of the city, 
 and the Occidental stands conspicuous among the many line business blocks here, 
 while its interior arrangements for the comfort of guests, and its dining roonij 
 appointments are in keeping with its exterior excellence. 
 
113 
 
 Hotel Lyman. — Recently aiTangements have been perfected by which the 
 Lynuin block has been leased for a term of years, for hotel purposes. The lower 
 floors will be occiipiiMl by stores as heretofore, wliile the three upper floors will 
 serve as a hotel. There are 130 rooms, a spacious dining room, anil with the re- 
 modeling now in pi'ogress, it will be well adapted to hotel purposes. 'I'iie rooms 
 are princij)ally divided into suites, furnishing a bed room and parlor, with folding 
 bed in the latter, which can be used as required. The building is furnished with 
 steam heating, the best tire protection, elevator and other modern conveniences. 
 It is in the form of a jiarallelogram, fronting 133 ft. on Western avenue, and 110 ft. 
 on First street, of brick and four stories throughout. A single plate glass in the 
 front is 108x300 inelies in size. The building was erected in 1888 l)y L. G. Mason, 
 at a cost of al)out $100,000. The first Muskegon Opera House which occupied this 
 same site was burned March 39, 1874. Jas. H. Johnson, who takes charge of this 
 hotel, Feb. 1st, is a native of Newark, N. J., and has been eight years in hotel work. 
 Last year he was landlord of the Lake Harbor hotel, which wasgreatl}' enlarged 
 and gave excellent satisfaction under his management. For four years prior Mr. 
 Johnson was a partner in the Hil))jard House of Jackson, one of the best inland 
 hotels of the state. His long experience as a caterer has made him familiar with 
 liotel requirements, and no pains will be spared to make the "Lyman Hotel" 
 home-like, and appreciated by those who become its guests. See cut page 6. 
 
 BUILDERS, ARCHITECTS, ETC. 
 
 p. J. Coimell & Son. — The senior member of this firm was born in Ireland. 
 1840, and brought to America in infancy, locating in Grand Haven at 9 years of 
 age, and in this city twenty years ago. He was connected with the volunteer fire 
 department 1873 to '83, having been chief the last two yeai's. In the meantime he 
 had been in contract work, and has made a prominent record in that line, having 
 erected the Opera House, Occidental, Chase Piano Works. Alaska Refrigerator 
 Works, Kelly Bros. Factory, Iron and Steel Works, City Water Works, Sheriff's 
 residence and jail and new Court House, illustrations of which appear in these 
 pages. John J., the son, was born at Chicago in 1856, and learned the masons' 
 trade in boyhood. In April '91, he became a partner, making the above firm. P. J. 
 Connell & Son emploj'^ over tifty men, have $8,000 invesied in modern building ap- 
 pliances, and annually disburse about $30,000 in wages alone, which goes towards 
 Muskegon's upbuilding. The oflice of this firm will be at the Court House until 
 that sti-ucture is completed. P. J. Connell's residence, cut of which appears on 
 page 106, is at 173 Division street. 
 
 Jacob J. Olson came to America from Norway in 1880, locating here two years 
 later, since which he has been in contract work. Among numerous buildings of 
 his work are the German Evangelical, Norwegian Lutheran and Grand Avenue 
 churches, Mulder block. Gray Bros.' factory, rolling mills, and several fine resi- 
 dences. He has superintended the carpenter work of the court house, Alaska 
 Refrigerator, Chase Piano Company, and others, of which cuts appear in these 
 pages. Mr. Olson employs from twenty-five to fifty men. Residence, 381 Foi-est ave. 
 
 W. W. Slocnm, contractor and builder, is a native of Schuyler Co., N. Y., and 
 has worked at the carpenters' trade for sixteen years past. In 1880 he located at 
 Whitehall, and five years since removed to Muskegon. Among the numerous 
 residences which he has l)uilt. perhaps none are superior to that of Leon E. Chase, 
 illustration of which ajipears on page 70, which was completed a^ few months 
 since. Mr. Slocum's shop is at 37 Chestnut street. He employs about twenty men 
 in the busy season. 
 
 Fred P. Spatb, of Chatham, Columbia county, N. Y.. learned the carpenters' 
 trade with his father at Chatham Center. He came to Muskegon in Februai-y, 
 '91, and has been conti-actor for a number of houses in this city and Muskegon 
 Heights, among which are Joseph R. Brown's, Julius Peppler's, Paul Ostholm's and 
 Rev. George A. Odium's residences. 
 
 Johnston & Post. — Wm. O. Johnston, of Whitby, Ont , graduated in the 
 Practical Science at Toronto University, 1884, the next year coming to Michigan, 
 and to Muskegon in '90. A. A. Post is a native of Toronto, Canada, graduated 
 
114 
 
 from St. Micliael's college in 1873, stiicUed with leading architects of his native citj', 
 was official architect for Ontario Co. ten years, and made the plans for several 
 large churches. He joined Mr. Johnston at Muskegon, 1891. The firm have done 
 the architectural work for M. Wilson's residence, Hackle}' Assembly buildings, St. 
 Paul's Episcopal church and others here. Office in Lyman block. 
 
 Marc J. Reisegfer's architectural office is in room 19 Rodgers block, opposite 
 post-office. He is a native of Holland, Europe, completing a course in architec- 
 ture at the Polytechnic Institute at Groningen; in Muskegon for five years past, 
 and has planned a number of prominent buildings, among which are the Water- 
 works, Chase Piano works, Cracker factory, North Muskegon school, residences 
 of James Gow, W. F. Ninnemann and many others, amounting in all to fifty 
 buildings. 
 
 MERCANTILE INTERESTS. 
 
 While the manufacturing interests of a place are momentous, large and well 
 conducted mercantile houses are important, and wholesale houses greatly assist 
 in keeping at home the money and trade which would otherwise seek an outlet 
 elsewhere. Muskegon is well represented in all lines of retail merchandise, but as 
 our space is limited, we shall only be aide to mention wholesale concerns and a 
 very few representative retail houses. With mai'ine freights to Chicago and the 
 competing railroad lines to the East, Muskegon wholesale houses have many ad- 
 vantages and control trade over considerable of the Lower Peninsula. There are 
 still unoccupied fields in this line which present good prospects for the right men. 
 
 Andrew Wiereng-o. — Among those who have made a decided success in the 
 wholesale line here, none have a greater prominence tlian A. Wierengo, a native 
 of Holland, who came to this place 35 years ago. He began tlie wliolesale grocery 
 and provision trade in 1880 and in '83 erected the two-story and basement brick 
 block, 6(jx70 feet, Nos. 18, 20, and 22, Pine street. This is filled with everything 
 usually found in a wliolesale grocery, including the various lines of tobaccos, 
 cigars, provisions, etc. Mr. Wierengo holds not only a large local ti'ade, but his 
 business extends to the cities and towns of Lower Michigan for more than 100 miles 
 around, 'and making annual sales of about a quarter of a million dollars. 
 
 Moulton & RiedeL — This firm is the only exclusive wholesale and commission 
 produce concei-n in Muskegon. C. C. Moulton, of New Hampshire, who 
 came to this place 18 years since, was for several years in the retail grocery trade, 
 and eight years ago engaged in the commission business. August Riedel is a 
 native of Milwaukci?, an old resident of Muskegon, and three years ago joined Mr. 
 Moulton, forming the above partnership. The firm occupy commodious rooms on 
 the corner of Western avenue and Terrace street, keeping all kinds of fruit in 
 season, and produce and provisions whicli they handle onlj' at wholesale, having 
 an extensive local trade in this vicinity. 
 
 Snyder & Straub. — The members of this firm are of German descent, John 
 Snyder having commenced the manufactui-e of confectioneries, November 1887, 
 and was joined in the enterprise by J. G. Sti'aub, January following. The business 
 has made a rapid growth since its commencement, the output for '92 having been 
 about $50,000. This firm, by producing a fine quality of goods, through the aid of 
 modern improvements, is able to compete with Chicago and other markets for a 
 distance of a hundred miles or moi'e from this city. They have a commodious 
 manufactory and wareroom at Nos. 15, 17, and 19 E. Clay avenue, and are reaping 
 the reward of a well merited enterprise. 
 
 G. F. Sperry & Co.— This firm deals in wholesale and retail flour and feed, 
 baled hay, grain, etc., and is located at 11 and 13 E. Clay avenue. Mr. Sperry is a 
 native of Ann Arbor, Mich., coming to Muskegon in 1881. The next year he 
 started in the above business and has built up a very good trade, his sales for the past 
 year amounting to over $40,000. This firm is agent in this city for the Pillsbury 
 Flour Co., of Minneapolis. 
 
 William Fay, the wholesale paper dealer, who is located at No. 9 Monroe 
 avenue, came to Muskegon 8 years ago, from Richmond, Va. He cari'ies a full 
 line of all kinds of wrapping paper, stationery, twine, paper bags, etc., supplying 
 the general trade of Muskegon, his custom being a local one. He formerly was 
 located on Pine street, but was burnt out by the fire of '91, after which he erected 
 
115 
 
 his present building which is on a block that Mr. Fay purchiiscd in 1857. He also 
 owns and rents a niunbor of houses on this same l)lock. 
 
 Jacob Jessou & Co. There are twenty diug stores here, some of which do 
 jobbing, but we have only space for a brief nientiou of a representative house. 
 Mr. Jesson began the drug trade with S. H. Wagner here twenty-six yeai's ago, five 
 years later opening a store at Pent Water, .ind in '78 returning to Muskegon. For 
 iiine yeai's past he has been at corner of Western ave. and Jefferson St., where is 
 kept a very complete stock of drugs, medicines and sundry articles. Mr. Jesson 
 was appointed on the State Board of Pharmacy in '85, and served four years as 
 president and three jears as secretary of that bodJ^ He is a member of the County 
 Board of Supervisors, and prominent in secret societies. 
 
 Magoon & Kimball Co. deals in coal, ice and oils at wholesale and has built 
 up an extensive trade along the C. & M. W. Ry., for 75 miles to the northward, and 
 is doing an annual business of $80,000 in that line. Their shipments of ice for last 
 season was 6,000 tons and the ice houses of the company at this point and Diamond 
 Loch have a storage capacity of 17,000 tons. The company also deals in wood audits 
 extensive trade in the above lines adds largely to Muskegon's commercial transactions. 
 
 Francis Jiroch is the pioneer cigar manufacturer here, having commenced in 
 1866 and increased his trade from time to time, until he now does 
 an extensive jobbing business in cigars, tobaccos and smokers' sundries. His 
 cigars have gained a standard of reliability which keeps them at the front, and this 
 trade gives employment to about 20 persons. Mr. Jiroch has been prominent in 
 Muskegon's development, having been mayor when the city iiall Avas built, and in- 
 terested in a number of industrial enterprises. 
 
 John Gr. Albers is wholesale dealer in Chicago dressed beef, for Swift & Co., 
 handling about 250 cattle and other meats monthly. Adjoining Third st. Depot. 
 
 The Muskegon Stock Yards, of which Castenholz Bros, are proprietors, covers 
 26 acres and annually slaughters over 2,000 cattle and small stock in proportion. 
 
 Whirlpool Washing Machine Co. — Another spoke in the wheel of diversified 
 manufacturing has just been added to the enterprises of this place in the above 
 company, wdiich was organized October 29 with a capital of $25,000, and has 
 opened business in the large brick building, on McKinney avenue, formerly 
 occupied by the Houck Manufacturing Co. This enterprise will do a general 
 wood working business, but will make a sijecialty of the Whirlpool Washer, w^hich 
 is manufactured under the patents granted to A. A. Casler, December '91. Not- 
 withstanding the fact that over 4,000 patents have been taken out upon washing 
 machines, none of which have been entirely satisfactory, this company believes 
 that a device which will do a thorough work, completing a washing to satisfaction 
 without the washboard, and free from injury to delicate fabrics, cannot fail of ap 
 preciation by the masses, and has opened operations in full confidence of success. 
 The officers and stockholders of the concern are representative business men of 
 this place who are interested in Muskegon's upbuilding. Barber, Johnson & Co., 
 of this citj\ are sole agents for the Whirlpool Washer, in Michigan and Indiana, 
 and will send circulars or other information i*egarding the merits of this machine 
 to interested parties. 
 
 James Hutchinson. — Among the foremost manufacturers and dealers here in 
 vehicles, stands James Hutchinson, a native of Ontario, who came to Muskegon 
 in 1870,and 15 years since engaged in the above line. He is located at No. 19 Market 
 street, where customers can secure any desiraJule style of carriage, buggj^ or other 
 vehicle, cutters, sleighs, etc. Mr. Hutchinson keeps a large variety of stock goods 
 on hand, orders from catalogue or will make from superior material to the order 
 of a customer. He employs a number of hands, thereby adding to our manufac- 
 turing interests. 
 
 Magoon & Bigelow. — M. T. Bigelow. a Grand Rapids inventor, secured patents 
 last July for a very unique carpet stretcher and tacker, which does awaj' with the 
 stooping and pulling business, as the operator by means of a long handle and self 
 feeder rapidly j^laces and tacks a carpet with ease. George A. Magoon joined the 
 inventor and operations were commenced a few w'eeks since in the Electric Alarm 
 l)uildin^, where they now have a force of 25 hands turning out this useful article, 
 which hnds a ready sale in nearly every house and wdiich bids fare to become an 
 important line of manufacture. 
 
116 
 
 TABLE OF CONTENTS, 
 
 INDEX TO READING. 
 
 Banking Interests , 35-38 
 
 Brick and Tile Co.(Emmens) 88 
 
 Carriage Manufactories 88. 115 
 
 Chase Bros., Piano Co 81-82 
 
 Chemical Fire Eng'iue Co 83 
 
 Chemical Fire Kindler and Excel- 
 sior Co • 87 
 
 Churches 57-64 
 
 City Development and Govern- 
 ment 21-25 
 
 Contractors and Builders 113 
 
 Diversified Manufacturing . 81-90 
 
 Educational Interests 25-30 
 
 Express Companies 57 
 
 Flour Mill 69 
 
 Government Officials 31-33 
 
 Hackley Public Library (illustra- 
 tion 30) 31 
 
 Heap Manufacturing Co 84 
 
 Hotel Lyman 112 
 
 Iron and Steel Manufacturing 65-69 
 
 Legal Profession, Insurance, etc... 97-101 
 
 Lumber Interests 69-81 
 
 Manufacturing Advantages 5-7 
 
 Medical Matters 91-97 
 
 Mercantile Interests, wholesale, 
 
 etc 114-115 
 
 Michigan, History of 9-15 
 
 Muskegon Brewing Co 87 
 
 County 17-21 
 
 Cracker Co 83 
 
 " Distributing Center. . . 9 
 
 Heights 39-46 
 
 " Location of 5 
 
 •' Settlement of 17 
 
 Valley Furniture Co. . . 83 
 
 North Muskegon 46-49 
 
 Occidental Hotel 112 
 
 Photographers, Engravers, etc. . . 105 
 
 Planing Mill W-79 
 
 Printing Offices 25-27 
 
 Public Conveniences 89-90 
 
 Railroads, Steamboats, Tugs, etc. 49-55 
 
 Real Estate, Insurance, etc 102-105 
 
 Saddlery Hardware Co 85 
 
 Sargent Manufacturing Co 85 
 
 Schools, College, etc 27-31 
 
 Societies 106-111 
 
 Siimviiary and Review 99 
 
 Telegraphs and Telephone 55-56 
 
 Temple Roller Curtain Co 85 
 
 Winter Harbor 33-34 
 
 ILLUSTRATIONS. 
 
 Alaska Refrigerator Co 40 
 
 Brunswick Block 104 
 
 Cemetex'y Scene 26 
 
 Chase Bros., Piano Co 82 
 
 Chemical Fire Engine Co 100 
 
 Church, Central M. E 34 
 
 " First Baptist 24 
 
 " " Congregational.... 58 
 
 Holland Christian Refd . 64 
 
 " Jacob Mem. Baptist 62 
 
 St. John's Ger. Evan'l. . . 60 
 
 Chronicle Block 102 
 
 Court House 10 
 
 Gray Brothers' Factory 46 
 
 Hackley Portrait and Monument 86 
 
 Kelly Bros." Manufacturing Co. . . 28 
 
 Lake Side Iron Woi'ks 73 
 
 Life Saving Station 54 
 
 Lumber Mills 20, 22 
 
 Michigan, Map of 3 
 
 Morton Manufacturing Co 28 
 
 Muskegon Boiler Works 67 
 
 Map of 4 
 
 " Sanitarium 97 
 
 Nelson Piano Co 44 
 
 North Muskegon Central School. 94 
 
 Norton House, Muskegon Heights 80 
 
 Opera House 36 
 
 Pioneers and Business Men 70 
 
 Residence, A. V. Mann 94 
 
 " Dr. Jennie Dobson 38 
 
 Frank Alberts 107 
 
 Group. .8, 14, 16, 74, 76, 78, 93 
 
 Hon. James Gow 80 
 
 P. J. Connell Ill 
 
 R. H. McCracken 109 
 
 Rolling Mill and Steel Works 65 
 
 Rogers Iron Works 68 
 
 School Houses 16, 50 
 
 Shaw Electric Crane Co 43 
 
 Sheriff's Residence and Jail 48 
 
 Street View, Western Ave. from 
 
 First 6 
 
 Street View, Western Ave. from 
 
 Market 56 
 
 Street View, Western Ave. from 
 
 Occidental Hotel 112 
 
 Street View, Western Ave. from 
 
 Second 90 
 
 Strei^t View, Western Ave. from 
 
 Terrace 18 
 
 Water Works, Pumping Station. . 52 
 
PO 11.8. 
 
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