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1762 1917 
 
 THE HISTORY 
 OF THE 
 
 TOWN OF ROYALSTON 
 MASSACHUSETTS 
 
 BY LILLEY B. CASWELL 
 
 INCLUDING 
 
 Royalston's Soldier Record 
 Written and Compiled by 
 
 HON. FRED W. CROSS 
 
 Published by the Town of Royalston 
 1917 
 
r 
 
 J^^ldS 
 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 
FOREWORD OF THE AUTHOR 
 
 The writer of this history of Royalston, in performing the 
 work given him l>y your Town Committee, feels that in many 
 respects this task might have been assigned to abler and more 
 eloquent writers. 
 
 Although not the town of his birth or residence, he has, 
 ever since as a young man he came to this town as a teacher in 
 its schools, had a love and admiration for this good, old town, 
 for its grand and beautiful scenery, the people who have lived 
 among these hills, and the history they have made. It has 
 truly been a typical New England town, where men and wom- 
 en have shown a zeal for religion, a sturdy patriotism, and a 
 desire for educational privileges all through the history of the 
 town. 
 
 With the material which has been at our disposal, we have 
 endeavored not to fill the work with too much statistical mat- 
 ter, such as may easily be obtained in the annual town report, 
 but rather have deemed it wise to describe more fully than 
 manv town histories, the old families of the town that have 
 made the history of Royalston one to be proud of. In this, 
 we have not attempted to make what would be complete fam- 
 ily genealogies, but have described those branches of the fam- 
 ilies that have been more or less connected with the town, or 
 have attained prominence or distinction in the various com- 
 munities in which they have made their homes, scattered in all 
 parts of the Union and in foreign lands. 
 
 Another feature of this work, not common in town histor- 
 ies, is the chapter on " Writers of Royalston Poetry." We be- 
 lieved that such a vivid description of the events of the Civil 
 War as contained in Dr. Frank W. Adams' Epic Poem on the 
 Civil War in America was worthy of a place in this history, 
 while the town that claims Nancy Priest, the gifted author of 
 " Over the River," surely should give her a place in the annals 
 of the town. The Red Letter Days of Royalston History will 
 recall the celebration oi important events in the history of the 
 town. The military history has been most carefully written, 
 and ably presented by Hon. Fred W. Cross in the chapter en- 
 
IV HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 titled " Royalston's Soldier Record," and is a record that any 
 town should be proud of. 
 
 The hrst chapters of the work treat of the early settlers, 
 incorporation of the town, town government, and of Col. Isaac 
 Royall. who named the town. It seemed appropriate that 
 vSouth Royalston. occupying^ one corner of the town, should 
 have its families, industries, churches and organizations 
 treated as a villag^e or community, instead of being: scattered 
 through the pages of the history, and this has been so ar- 
 ranged. 
 
 The early records of the town do not contain many excit- 
 ing and dramatic events, with no Indian traditions, and as 
 Governor Bullock said, " A church without a schism in a cen- 
 turv : a ministry that never knew how to quarrel and a people 
 that have walked in the paths of unambitious duty." the life 
 and activities of those early generations was so peaceful and 
 regular that the history of those days is comparatively tame 
 to that of many towns. 
 
 We have been indebted to the Royalston ^lemorial. pub- 
 lished in 1865, for much valuable information, which was 
 gathered l)y your historical committee of half a century ago. 
 at the time of the Centennial Anniversary, one member of 
 which, the late Daniel Davis, assisted us in obtaining material 
 for some of the family histories. We have also been reminded 
 during the years of collecting material, of the fact that each 
 passing year destroys or renders less available historic mat- 
 ter of interest and value, while every year has removed from 
 the scene of life's activities men and women whose memories 
 \vere treasure houses of historic facts. 
 
 In comj)iling the material contained in this work the writer 
 has received valuable assistance from many sources. The 
 town records and annual reports of the town have kindly been 
 placed at our disposal by Town Clerk Dr. Frank W. Adams, 
 and we have availed ourselves freely of the hies of the Athol 
 and Worcester West Chronicle. Athol ']Vanscri])t. Barre 
 Cazette and Fitchburg Sentinel. The archives and State 
 Library at the State House in Bosttm have been consulted, 
 while various town hist(M"ies and family genealogies contained 
 in the libraries of the American Antiquarian Society at 
 Worcester, Worcester Public Library and the Fitchburg and 
 
HISTORY OF ROYALSTON V 
 
 Athol piil)lic libraries have furnished us with much valuable 
 material. Also members of many of the old Royalston families 
 have gladly aided us in the preparation of the family histories 
 which we have presented, 
 
 \\> would like to have given a complete list of the indi- 
 viduals who have aided us in our work, but do not feel at 
 liberty to give the space it would occupy. To all such w'e ex- 
 tend our sincere thanks. Our relations with the Town Com- 
 mittee, who have charge of this work, have been pleasant all 
 through the vears we have been engaged in our labor, and 
 they have rendered us much valuable assistance. The work 
 involved in securing the originals of the portraits and illustra- 
 tions which appear in the history has been great, but we be- 
 lieve they add much to the value of the work. The half-tone 
 plates, from which the portraits and illustrations are printed, 
 are the work of the Howard-Wesson Company of Worcester. 
 
 \\> had hoped at one time that the History would have 
 been ready for the 150th Anniversary, but found that it would 
 be impossible to do so and do justice to the book. This His- 
 tory will therefore contain two Anniversary Celebrations, the 
 Centennial and the Sesqui-Centennial, with much other valu- 
 able material that could not have been included in the book 
 had it been published at that time. 
 
 LILLEY B. CASWELL. 
 
REPORT OF THE TOWN COMMITTEE 
 
 The cclehraticjii (jf the Centennial Anniversary of the 
 Town of Royalstcjn with Hon. Alexander H. P>ullock — three 
 months later elected (lovernor of the Commonwealth — as 
 orator of the day was an occasion which inspired our citizens 
 with so much local pride and created such genuine historic 
 interest that there was an immediate poinilar demand for the 
 puhlication of a History of the Town. 
 
 Accordinti^ly. at a Town Meeting- called in- the following- 
 Septemher, a series of Resolutions were adopted covering 
 this matter, one of which was framed as follows: " Resolved, 
 that the history proposed should be compressed in an octavo 
 volume of from 150 to 200 pages bound in a neat and sul)- 
 stantial but not expensive binding, and that the copies printed 
 should not exceed 500." 
 
 The volume was hastily edited and promptly issued. 
 
 Hut if the good fathers of that period had taken time for 
 a more extended research in the held there opened up so 
 richly before them and had aifordcd more abundant space in 
 that volume for the mass of " varied and important matter " 
 which could not possibly be compressed into an " octavo of 
 200 pages " they would have won additional api)reciation 
 from a grateful ])osterity. 
 
 The need of a more complete and accurate Histor^• of 
 Royalston has for many years been recognized, and as one 
 after another of our older citizens whose memories were 
 stored with historic facts of value have passed awav. the 
 insistence for a new History of the Town became more 
 pronounced. 
 
 On Alarch 6, 1911, the Town voted "To raise and appro- 
 priate the sum of five hundred dollars for the purpose of 
 preparing and publishing a History of the Town of Rovalston. 
 Chose Dr. iM-ank W. Adams, Charles H. Brown, William H. 
 Leathe, Fred W. Cross and Colin AlacKenzie, Committee to 
 have charge of the work." 
 
 1 he work of compiling and writing the Histor}- was given 
 by the Committee to Air Lilley B. Caswell of Athol, whose 
 acquaintance with Royalston and her p-oi)le was intimate and 
 
HISTORY OF ROYALSTON VII 
 
 who had already achieved a creditable success as Historian of 
 the Town of Athol. The writing of the Military History of 
 the ToAvn. however, was given to Hon. Fred W. Cross, whose 
 researches into the causes and events of the Civil War had 
 been a life work and whose interest in Military History in 
 general had been phenomenal. 
 
 On March 2, 1914. as the work seemed nearing completion, 
 the Town voted " To raise five hundred dollars toward print- 
 ing and binding the History of the Town of Royalston. and 
 that permission be hereby granted to any individual or group 
 of individuals to furnish the additional amount required for 
 the purpose, with the distinct understanding that any such 
 volunteer contributors shall be reimbursed from the proceeds 
 of the sales of the book." 
 
 There has been some delay in publishing the work, but 
 there is no legal process by which persons in possession of 
 valuable historic information can be made to resign it, and 
 we think, on the other hand, the reader will admit that the 
 history is richer because patience has been allowed to have 
 her perfect work. 
 
 FRANK W. ADAMS, 
 CHARLES H. BROWN, 
 WILLIAM H. LEATHE, 
 FRED W^ CROSS, 
 COLIN MACKENZIE, 
 
 Committee on History of Royalston. 
 
TABLE OF CONTENTS 
 
 CHAPTER I. 
 Early Land Grants — Pierpont's Grant — Joseph Priest's 
 Grant — Hapgood's Grant — Royalston Leg — Area — 
 Proprietors — First Settlers. 1 — 7 
 
 CHAPTER IL 
 Naming the Town — Hon. Isaac Royall — Old Royall House — 
 
 Incorporation of the Town. 8 — 13 
 
 CHAPTER in. 
 Town Meetings — First Town Meeting — Early Town Meet- 
 ings — Roads — Day of Fasting and Prayer — First Town 
 House — New Town Hall — Dedication of Town Hall. 14 — 21 
 
 CHAPTER IV. 
 Town Government — Selectmen — Sketches of Charles H. 
 Brown — Luke B. Shepardson — Alfred W. Neal — As- 
 sessors — Sketches of Levens G. Forbes — Myron E. 
 Stockwell — Eugene G. Twntchell — Assessors' Reports 
 — Town Clerks — Town Treasurers — Overseers of the 
 Poor — Sketches of Charles A. Stimson — Colin Mac- 
 kenzie — Franklin A. Brown. 23 — 39 
 
 CHAPTER V. 
 Scenery of Royalston — Brooks of Royalston — Forbes Falls 
 — Doane's Falls — Old Elm — Minerals — Beryls — Beryl 
 Hill Mine — Wild Animals — Wolves and Bears — Last 
 Bear Hunt. 40 — 51 
 
 CHAPTER VI. 
 
 Churches of Royalston — First Congregational Church — 
 Sketches of Pastors — Meeting Houses — Parsonage — 
 The Church Bell — Statuette of the Angel Gabriel — 
 Baptist Church at West Royalston — Sketches of Bap- 
 tist Pastors — Baptist Meeting Houses — Baptist Church 
 at Royalston Centre — Free Donation Society. 52 — 74 
 
HISTORY OF ROYALSTON IX 
 
 CHAPTER VII. 
 
 Political — Petition to the President of the United States — 
 Representatives — Delegates and Senators — Whigs — 
 Vote for Governor — Vote for President. 75 — 84 
 
 CHAPTER VIII. 
 Education — First School and School Master — School Dis- 
 tricts — Early School Committees — School Committees 
 from 1845 — Sketches of Nellie G. W. Farrar — Charles 
 E. Richardson — Eri S. Stew^art — High School Exhibi- 
 tion of 1852 — Teachers — School Superintendents — 
 College Graduates — Sketches of College Graduates — 
 Libraries — Trustees of Public Library — Post Office. 85 — 112 
 
 CHAPTER IX. 
 Medical Profession — The Doctors Bacheller — Sketches of 
 Doctors — The Legal Profession — Sketches of Law- 
 yers. 113 — 126 
 
 CHAPTER X. 
 Red Letter Days of Royalston History — Centennial Celebra- 
 tion — Rev. E. W. Bullard's Address of Welcome — Hon. 
 Alexander H. Bullock's Address — Great Whig Gather- 
 ing of 1840 — Dedication of Phinehas S. Newton Public 
 Library — Royalston's First Old Home Week — Old 
 Home Day of 1904 — Old Home Day of 1910 — Biennial 
 Reunion of School District No. 7 — One Hundred and 
 Fiftieth Anniversary — Sunday Services — Second Day 
 — Third Day — Parade — Dr. Frank W. Adams' Address 
 of Welcome — Addresses of Speakers at the Dinner — 
 Address of Hon. Henry Cabot Lodge. 127^ — 160 
 
 CHAPTER XL 
 Old Royalston Families — Metcalf Family — The Brown Fam- 
 ily — Bullock Family — P'rye Family — Bliss Family — 
 Woodbury — Walker — Ballou — Shepardson — Nichols — • 
 The Estabrooks — Gale Family — Bartlett — Dexter — 
 White Family — Charles W. Bowker Family — Richard- 
 son — Gregory — Goddard — Pierce — Perkins — Newton 
 — Cutler. 161 — 282 
 
X HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 CHAPTER XII. 
 Old Royalston Families — The Peck Family — Gates — The 
 Wood Family — Holman — Raymond — Chase — Bragg — 
 Fisher — Davis — Morse — Leathe — Lyman Stone Family 
 Jacobs — Clement — Estey — Garfield — Shebna Paine 
 Family — Pratt Family — The Chamberlain Family — Al- 
 bion P. Mosman Family — The Blandings — The Greeley 
 Family — Geo. D. Bolton Family — Bemis Family — Tan- 
 dy Family — Bosworth Family — The Doane Family. 283 — 347 
 
 CHAPTER XIII. 
 Royalston's Writers of Poetry — Dr. Frank W. Adams' Epic 
 Poem — Nancy Priest — Rev. Albert Bryant — Mrs. 
 George Woodbury's Centennial Hymn — Sidney G. Bos- 
 worth's One Hundred and Fiftieth Anniversary Hymn 
 — Amanda Bemis Smith's Johnstown Flood Poem — 
 Dulcenia M. Russell — Peck's Poem on Universalism — 
 Wm. M. Leathe. 348—372 
 
 CHAPTER XIV. 
 Biographical — Col. George Whitney — William Fordyce Big- 
 elow — George Fletcher Miller — Herman M. Partridge 
 — J. Milton Partridge — Stephen H. Hejnvood — Cyrus 
 P. Reed — Wm. D. Ripley — Benjamin Ward Upham — 
 Caleb A. Cook — Rev. Ebenezer Cutler — Rev. Henry 
 Cummings- — Solon Bryant — George Edward Miller. 373 — 383 
 
 CHAPTER XV. 
 Sons of Royalston — Asahel Peck — James Ormond Wilson — 
 Hon. George Carter Richardson — Stephen Holman — 
 Lieut. - Colonel Charles Cummings — Thomas Norton 
 Hart — George Ellis Whitney — Frederic C. Nichols — 
 Leonard Nichols — Robert Winthrop Adams — Edwin 
 Augustus Fisher — Arthur A. Upham — John V. Hazen 
 — John B. Bowker — Jenner E. Morse. 384 — 400 
 
 CHAPTER XVI. 
 Royalston's Soldier Record — Our Soldier Stock — The Rev- 
 olution Period — Shay Insurrection — The War of 1812 
 — The Civil War — List and Records of Royalston Sol- 
 diers — Royalston Men Who Went from Other Towns 
 and States. 401 — 445 
 
HISTORY OF KOY ALSTON XI 
 
 CHAPTER XVII. 
 Mercantile and Industrial — Stores on Royalston Common — 
 Early Saw and Grist Mills — Royalston's Manufactures 
 — -Plans of Royalston — Population — Income Taxes. 446 — 453 
 
 CHAPTER XVIII. 
 Organizations — Masonic Fraternity — Royalston Grange, 
 
 No. 195. 454—456 
 
 CHAPTER XIX. 
 Cemeteries — Grave Yard Under the Hill — Early Grave 
 
 Yards — -New Cemetery — Epidemics. 457 — 459 
 
 CHAPTER XX. 
 Old Taverns — Stage Coaches. 460 — 462 
 
 CHAPTER XXI. 
 Old Customs and Practices — Warning Out — Tithing Men — 
 Pounds — Perambulation of Town Bounds — Sealer of 
 Weights and Measures. 463 — 466 
 
 CHAPTER XXII. 
 South Royalston — Desci'iptive and Industrial. 467 — 471 
 
 CHAPTER XXIII. 
 Churches of South Royalston — Second Congregational 
 
 Church — Methodist Church — Catholic Church. 472 — 480 
 
 CHAPTER XXIV. 
 Sons of South Royalston — William Clark Peckham — Ches- 
 ter Twitchell Stockwell — Hon. Fred Wilder Cross — 
 Frederick Lysander Drury — Geoffrey B. Lehy — -Rev. 
 John F. Lehy — V/illiam H. Bullard — J. Herbert King — - 
 Fred D. Weeks. 481—491 
 
 CHAPTER XXV. 
 Biographical — Edward A. Carpenter — Everard B. Hanson 
 — Ruel Roby Safford — Jesse Edgar Bodett — Nahum 
 Longley — Josephus T. Day — Jonas M. Turner — John 
 King — Silas Hale — Elisha F. Brown — Nathaniel G. 
 Beckwith. 492—502 
 
XII 
 
 TIISTORV OF KOYAL.STON 
 
 CHAPTER XXVI. 
 South Royaiston Brass Band— South Royalston Forty-Nin- 
 ers— Silas Hale's Famous Green Mountain Morgan- 
 South Royalston Grange— South Royalston Post Office 
 —South Royalston Hotel— South Royalston School As- 
 
 . ,. ' 503—512 
 
 sociation. 
 
 CHAPTER XXVII. 
 Cemeteries — Memorial Tablets — The Cross Memorial — 
 
 The Lehy Memorial. 513—518 
 
 CHAPTER XXVIII. 
 South Royalston Families— Salmon S. Farrar Family— Caleb 
 W. Day Family — Timothy Lewis Family — Luther 
 Harrington Family— The Hale Family— Rich Family— 
 The Bacheller Families— The Silas W. Bachellor Fam- 
 ily The Sherwin Family — Addison Sherwin Family — 
 
 Melancthon Sherwin Family — The Whitmore Families 
 —The Jones Family — Luther Bowker Family — Brasier 
 H. French Family — The Stockwells — The Wheeler 
 Families — Paul Wheeler Family — Russell Wheeler 
 Family — The Clark Family — Timothy Clark Family — 
 Charles Howe Brooks — Sylvender B. Forristall — Er- 
 nest F. Porter. 519 — 558 
 
 CHAPTER XXIX. 
 South Royalston Physicians and Fire Department — South 
 
 Royalston Physicians — Dr. J. B. Gould — Dr. Henry 0. 
 Adams — Dr. Walter H. Adams — The Fire Department 
 — Fire of 1892 — Fire of 1904. 559 — 562 
 
 CHAPTER XXX. 
 Royalston Hall of Fame. 560 — 566 
 
 APPENDIX 
 Historical Address at the One Hundred and Fiftieth Anniversary by 
 Fred W. Cross — Sketch of Luther E. Stewart — Sketch of Mrs. 
 Mary (Pierce) Turner — Sketch of David P. Foster — Sketch of 
 Myron Walker Sherwood. 
 
 INDEX 
 
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS 
 
 Portraits 
 
 Adams, Robert Winthrop 394 
 Adams, Dr. Henry O. 498 
 
 Adams, Dr. Frank W. 117 
 
 B 
 
 114 
 211 
 211 
 211 
 422 
 422 
 422 
 235 
 427 
 374 
 195 
 496 
 246 
 437 
 360 
 308 
 306 
 306 
 306 
 27 
 173 
 
 Bacheller, Dr. Stephen J 
 Ballou, Almando 
 Ballou, Luther 
 Ballou, Mrs. Luther 
 Barrus, John W. 
 Barrus, Marshall 
 BaiTus, William J. 
 Bartlett, John N. 
 Barton, Willis H. 
 Bigelow, William F. 
 Bliss, Harrison 
 Bo'lette, Jesse Edgar 
 Bo.vker, Charles W. 
 Bowker, George W. 
 Bosworth, Sidney G. 
 Bragg, Everett B. 
 Bragg, Everett Eugene 
 Bragg, Dr. Francis A. 
 Bragg, Henry O. 
 Brooks, Charles H. 
 Brown, Col. Benjamin 
 Brown, Benjamin Hammond 
 
 175, 424 
 Brown, Charles H. 27 
 
 Brown, Edward A. 439 
 
 Brown, Franklin A. 38 
 
 Brown, Nancy (Wood) 176 
 
 Brown, William O. 439 
 
 Bryant, Rev. Albert 360 
 
 Bryant, Mrs. Almeda (Dexter) 
 
 240 
 Bullard, William H. 490 
 
 Bullock, Hon. Alexander H. 
 
 180 
 Bullock, Bamett 183 
 
 Bullock, Bamett Ellis 184 
 
 Bullock, Brigham Newton 184 
 Bullock, Calvin 184 
 
 Bullock, Charles S. 184 
 
 Bullock, James Frederick 184 
 Bullock, Hon. Rufus 178 
 
 Carpenter, Edward A. 492 
 
 Chase, Chauncy 300 
 
 Chase, Elizabeth Waite 108 
 
 Chase, Francis 300 
 
 Chase, George 300 
 
 Chase, John S. 432 
 
 Clark, Cortland A. 420 
 
 Cook, Caleb A. 379 
 
 Cross, Edward W. 431 
 
 Cross, Hon. Fred W. 484 
 
 Cutler, Major - General Lysan- 
 
 der 440 
 
 Clement, Wm. W. 332 
 
 D 
 
 Davis, Daniel 313 
 
 Day, Caleb W. 523 
 
 Day, David W. 432 
 
 Day, Josephus T. 498 
 
 Day, Nathan S. 428 
 
 Day, Uri C. 431 
 Deavitt, Caroline (Harrington) 
 
 529 
 
 Dexter, Bela 240 
 
 Dexter, Cynthia 238 
 
 Dexter, Ezenezer Wheeler 238 
 
 Dexter, Moses 240 
 
 Drury, Frederick Lysander 486 
 
 Fairbanks, Rev. Francis J. 59 
 
 Fallon, Martin 427 
 
 Farrar, Salmon S. 519 
 
 Fisher, Augustus J. 308 
 
 Fisher, Edwin A. 308 
 
 Forbes, Levens G. 38 
 
 P'rye, Benjamin 188 
 
 Frye, Mrs. Benjamin 188 
 
 Fry, Benjamin A. 434 
 
 Frye, Frank B. and Family 188 
 
 Fry, George E. 420 
 
 Fry, Capt. John 186 
 
 Gale, Harlow A. 229 
 
 Gale, Samuel C. 229 
 
 Garfield, Moses, Jr. 332 
 
 Goddard, Franklin H. 267 
 
 Greeley, Jonas 428 
 
 H 
 
 Hanson, Everard B. 496 
 
XIV 
 
 HISTORY OF ROYALSrON 
 
 Harrington, Henry M. 529 
 
 Harrington, Dea. Luther 529 
 Harrington, Sarah (Nourse) 
 
 529 
 Hazen, Rev. Norman 59 
 
 Hunt, James N. 442 
 
 Jones, Dea. Aaron 
 
 548 
 
 Peck, Hamilton S. 285 
 
 Peck, Henry 288 
 
 Peck, Lyman 283 
 
 Peck, Lovina (Davis) 283 
 
 Peck, Sullivan 288 
 
 Pierce, George 269 
 
 Pierce, George E. 269 
 
 Pierce, Horace 267 
 
 Fierce, Milo H. 267 
 
 Priest, Nancy 355 
 
 King. Clarence E. 434 
 
 Knight, Henry E. 428 
 
 king, John 498 
 
 Leathe, William H. 321 
 
 Lee, Rev. Joseph 54 
 
 Lee, Mrs. Rachel (Dexter) 240 
 
 Lehy, Geoffrey B. 488 
 
 Lehy, Rev. John F. 489 
 
 Lewis, Enoch T. 527 
 
 Lewis, Timothy 525 
 
 Lewis, Mrs. Timothy 525 
 
 Longley, Nahum 496 
 
 Lord, Mrs. Delia (Pierce) 269 
 
 M 
 
 Mackenzie, Colin 38 
 Mackenzie, Mrs. Emeline 
 
 (White) 108 
 
 Mellen, Joel B. 444 
 
 Metcalf, Eliab Wight 166 
 
 Metcalf, Isaac Stevens 166 
 
 Metcalf, Jacob 166 
 
 Morandi, Sophia (Ballou) 211 
 
 Morgan, George W. 431 
 
 Moore, Henry C. 431 
 
 Moore, John S. 424 
 
 Morse, Russell 300 
 
 N 
 
 Neale, Alfred W. 514 
 
 Newton, Charles H. 278 
 
 Newton, Edward Elmer 278 
 
 Newton, Col. Elmer 277 
 
 Newton, Phinehas S. 278 
 
 Nichols, Frederic C. 394 
 
 Nichols, Joseph T. 224 
 
 Nichols, Mrs. Joseph T. 224 
 
 Nichols, Leonard 394 
 
 Norcross, Chauncy W. 428 
 
 Partridge, Harlan P. 442 
 
 Partridge, Herman M. 424 
 
 Peck, Benoni 286 
 
 Raymond, Alfred Dwight 297 
 
 Raymond, Alfred J. 298 
 
 Raymond, Joseph 296 
 
 Rich, B. Warren 534 
 
 Rich, Benjamin W. 534 
 
 Rich, Jeremiah A. 534 
 
 Rich, Jeremiah E. 534 
 
 Pichsrdson, Charles E. 96 
 
 Richardson, Stephen 332 
 
 Richmond, E. J. 514 
 Royal, Col. Isaac 
 
 Facing title page 
 
 Rugg, George N. 439 
 
 Safford, Roby R. 496 
 
 Shepardson, Rev. Daniel 219 
 
 Shepardson, Eri 221 
 
 Shepardson, John 434 
 
 Shepardson, Rev. John 221 
 Shepardson, Luke B. 27 
 
 Sherwin, George P. 498 
 
 Stewart, Alexander 432 
 Stewart, Luther E. 96 
 
 Smith, James B. 420 
 Smith, Mrs. Amanda (Bemis) 
 
 360 
 Stimson, Charles A. 38 
 
 Stone, Lvman and Family 322 
 
 Stockwell, Caleb N. 548 
 
 Stockwell, Edwin 548 
 
 Townsend, James 439 
 
 Turner, Dea. Jonas M. 548 
 
 Turner, Mrs. Mary (Pierce) 269 
 
 U 
 
 Upham, Benjamin W. 
 Upham, Charles M. 
 
 Vose, Edwin O. 
 
 W 
 Walker, Dea. Joseph 
 Wheeler, Ezra L. 
 
 379 
 424 
 
 422 
 
 59 
 434 
 
HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 XV 
 
 Wheeler, Lyman S. 420 
 
 Wheeler, R. P. B. 444 
 
 Wheeler, Warren L. 432 
 
 White, Adriel C. 243, 442 
 
 White, Asaph M. 243, 437 
 
 White, Erastus 243 
 
 White, Philetus D. 243 
 
 White, Rollin N. 437 
 
 White, Stephen P. 437 
 
 White, Wellington 243, 444 
 
 Whitney, Colonel George 373 
 
 Whitney, George Ellis 394 
 
 Wood, George H. 427 
 
 Wood, Henry S. 444 
 
 Wood, John M. 442 
 
 Woodbury, George 59 
 
 Woodbury, Mrs. George 360 
 
 Buildings, Scenery, etc. 
 
 Old Bullock Mansion — Summer 
 Home of Donald M. Hill 1 
 Old Royall House and Slave 
 Quarters 9 
 
 Map of Original Grant of Roy- 
 alston 10 
 
 Town Hall Built in 1867 19 
 
 West Side of Common 19 
 
 Forbes Falls 43 
 
 Doanes Falls 44 
 
 Old Elm on Athol Road 45 
 
 First Congregational Church, 
 Royalston Centre 61 
 
 Second Congregational Church, 
 South Royalston 6 L 
 
 Baptist Church, West Royal- 
 ston 61 
 Statuett of the Angel Gabriel 
 
 63 
 Old Baptist Church, Royalston 
 Centre 73 
 
 Phinehas S. Newton Public Li- 
 brary 108 
 Isaac Metcalf House, Summer 
 Home of Miss Edith Metcalf 
 171 
 
 Old Metcalf House " Under the 
 Hill" 171 
 
 Old Tavern and Store Build- 
 ings 
 West Side of Common 447 
 
 Old Fire Engine 447 
 
 Amos Doane's Mill 449 
 
 Fitchburg Railroad Station, 
 South Royalston 467 
 
 South Royalston Park 467 
 
 Whitney Stone Woolen Mill, 
 South Royalston 469 
 
 Old Chair Shop, South Royal- 
 stone 469 
 Chair Shop Hands, 1885 469 
 Plant of the American Woolen 
 Co. at South Royalston 471 
 Pioneer Engine Co., South Roy- 
 alston 560 
 Rescue Engine Co., South Roy- 
 alston 560 
 View in South Royalston 513 
 Riverside Cemetery, South Roy- 
 alston 513 
 Dedication of E. W. Cross Me- 
 morial 514 
 
CHAPTER I 
 
 EARLY LAND GRANTS 
 
 Not a town in this grand old Commonwealth of historic 
 towns can boast of a better beginning or a more reputable heri- 
 tage of name and blood. The proprietors and early settlers of 
 Royalston were men of character whose influence can be traced 
 throughout the whole structure of our nation, and they laid 
 here on these splendid hills, the foundation of a town in which 
 the sterling qualities of the glorious days of old New England 
 have come down through the generations. 
 
 The territory comprised in the township of Royalston passed 
 from a public domain to private hands in two ways — by public 
 sales and private grants. It was the last of the entire territory 
 of Worcester County to be disposed of by grants and charters, 
 and in this respect Royalston is the last and youngest of the 
 towns of the County. Twenty-three hundred acres of its area 
 were comprised in four grants, known as Pierpont's, Priest's, 
 Hapgood's, and a grant to Benoni Moore, Joseph Petty and 
 Robert Cooper, while 28,357 acres were purchased at public 
 sale by Samuel Watts, Thomas Hubbard, (then speaker of the 
 House,) Isaac Freeman, Joseph Richards, Isaac Royal, Caleb 
 Dana, James Otis, Joseph Wilder, Jr., and John Chandler, Jr., 
 the deed being given Dec. 27, 1752, and the price paid /1, 348. 
 
 At a later date others famous in the annals of New England 
 and National history became proprietors of Royalston soil. 
 Among these were John Hancock, the first governor of Massa- 
 chusetts and first signer of the Declaration of Independence; 
 James Bowdoin, the second Governor of the State, while James 
 Otis, one of the original proprietors, was the eloquent orator 
 of the Revolution. The town had also at least one t'.tled land 
 owner, Lady Temple, widow of Sir John Temple, baronet, once 
 owned eight hundred acres of Royalston soil. 
 
 The Proprietors held their meetings in Boston, "at the 
 Bunch of Grapes Tavern," and at the first meeting it was mo- 
 tioned that the land aforesaid be called Royal-sh re, and they 
 
2 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 unanimously asroed thereto, whereupon the Hon. Isaac Royal 
 generously gave his word to give the Partners twenty-five pounds 
 sterliufi towards a meeting house for said town. Here we first 
 find our name which is later call(>d Royalston. 
 
 These four grants that we have mentioned were bestowed 
 as bounties for military services rendered, or for loyalty shown 
 in other ways. 
 
 Pierpont's Grant was the largest of these and was located 
 in the northeast corner of the present boundaries of the town, 
 b'lt who he was and why he received this land we have not been 
 able to ascertain. This grant covered the territory which in 
 the early part of the nineteenth century included the farms 
 of John Wood, Joel and Daniel Taft, John Holman, Capt. 
 William Chase, Jacob Hale, Joel Howard, Nathan Reed and 
 William Withington. 
 
 Joseph Priest's Grant, which consisted of three hundred acres 
 was given him as a recognition of his loyalty in extending the 
 hospitality of his half-way house near the easterly fine of the 
 town, to all those who passed that way to and from the French 
 wars. This was located east of Pierpont's, and the name of 
 Priest still lives in the beautiful httle river that bears his name. 
 Hapgood's Grant consisted of two hundred acres granted to 
 Thomas Hapgood, Nov. 26, 1742, and signed by Governor Shir- 
 ley, Dec. 1, 1742. This was laidoutby AbnerLee, surveyor, who 
 says, "we began at a stake and stones on ye North line of Poquaig, 
 at a corner of Canady township, then ran North, etc.," 244 
 rods, and bounded northerly and easterly "on Province land." 
 This was ordered in "consideration of services in the war with 
 the eastern Indians and his sufferings by reason of wounds re- 
 ceived from them, whereby in his advanced age he was disabled 
 from labor for the support of himself and family." 
 
 Probably the earfiest grant of what are now Royalston lands, 
 was one made Dec. 15, 1737, to Benoni Moore, Joseph Petty 
 and Robert Cooper, which was afterwards assigned to Samuel 
 Hunt of Northfield and others. This consisted of 600 acres 
 and was located between what is now Athol and the province 
 line — "to be laid out 480 rods long on the eastern line of what 
 is now Warwick, and 200 rods wide from west to east, and no 
 more." This grant was made in consideration of services ren- 
 dered by the grantees in burying the bleached bones of certain 
 
EARLY LAND GRANTS 3 
 
 soldiers, who, led by Capt. Beers, were marching from the river 
 below to the assistance of Northfield, but fell into an ambus- 
 cade and were slaughtered by the Indians. 
 
 The sale of Royalston lands, which we have mentioned, 
 was in accordance with a vote approved by the council in June, 
 1752, ordering a sale of the lands north of Pequoig, now called 
 Athol, and onward to the province line. Evidently the pur- 
 pose was not so much to replenish the public treasury, as to 
 settle this then waste corner of the public domain, and clear 
 the map, and so effectually was this accomplished that the Sur- 
 veyor's chain swept in a strip of several miles in length lying 
 along the whole Northern boundary of Winchendon, separat- 
 ing it from the Province line, which had inadvertantly been 
 omitted in the survey of that town, and this was afterwards 
 called the Royalston Leg. This proved an incumbrance and 
 the leg was amputated in 1780 and transferred to Winchendon. 
 
 When the new town started off as an incorporated township, 
 her area amounted to 30,577 acres, the private grants included. 
 The changes that have been made since that time have affected 
 the area of the township as follows: The Royalston leg set off 
 to Winchendon was estimated at about 2,000 acres. In 1783 
 several thousand acres were appropriated to Orange, when that 
 town was incorporated. In 1799 three hundred or four hun- 
 dred acres were added from Athol and Gerry, now Phillipston. 
 In 1803 several hundred acres were added from Athol and in 
 1837 not far from two hundred acres were taken from Phillip- 
 ston and annexed to Royalston. In 1860 the Assessors report- 
 ed the whole number of acres from the survey of 1831 — includ- 
 ing the additions since made — as 26,882 acres. 
 
 That the Proprietors and Founders of Royalston had strong 
 religious principals and were men of moral and mental worth is 
 shown in the wise and liberal measures they devised for settl- 
 ing their lands. By the conditions of the sale they were re- 
 quired to locate s'xty families, each with a clearing and a house, 
 build a meeting house for their use, provide adequate mill facili- 
 ties and devote one sixty-third part of their entire purchase to 
 each of the following objects: A settlement for the first ordained 
 minister, for the ministerial support, and for a public school. 
 
 The records designate two divisions of these lands. The 
 first consisted of seventeen two hundred acre lots appropriated 
 
^ IIISTOKV OK KOYAI.STON 
 
 for tlic scttlciucnt of the sixty families and the pul)lic lots re- 
 (luiivtl l)y th(> conditions of the salo and called the "settler's di- 
 vision" or "first division." In the second "division," called 
 also "the Proprietor's part" or "division," the residue of the 
 land was also laid out in two hundred acre lots, where it could 
 be done, and in other cases the contents of the smaller lots were 
 expressed. The meadow lands, however, were laid out in ten 
 acre lots so far as the committee judged them worth the expense 
 of surveying; and a special committee was chosen to "qualify" 
 tlu> lots, by so "coupling a good lot and a poorer lot together 
 that justice be done to each proprietor in the drawing of the 
 lots." 
 
 FIRST SETTLERS 
 
 Although the first possession of this soil by your ancestors 
 dates from 1752, the settlement was delayed because of the 
 French war of 1756, so that the active settlement of this town 
 did not commence until 1762 when six families moved in. 
 This war which was the greatest contest on this continent prior 
 to the Revolution had stopped all labors of peaceful enterprise, 
 and during the seven years of this conflict it is stated that Mas- 
 sachusetts alone sent thirty-five thousand of her sons to the 
 field, and the call to arms had reached every nook and corner 
 of the province. 
 
 The war had so far spent its fury by 1761 that the proprietors 
 of this township had granted deeds to twenty-one settlers, and 
 in the next year the ten acres which includes what is now your 
 Common was solemnly consecrated for the meeting house, the 
 training field and the burial ground. The place for the mills 
 was selected on the Lawrence stream near one of its beautiful 
 falls, and in 1763, a meeting house was contracted for, which 
 was completed in 1764, and the work of Iniilding up a new town 
 had commemced in earnest. 
 
 The six families of 17G2 were soon followed by others, and 
 so rapid was the incoming of these new settlers, that almost 
 as soon as the French war had closed as many as seventy-five 
 heads of families had become estabhshed here. They had come 
 
FIRST SETTLERS 5 
 
 from the towns of the southern and eastern part of the state, 
 some of the best blood of the Colony, and planted here on the 
 heights of Northern Worcester, in the mountain air surrounded 
 by some of the most beautiful and picturesque scenery of the 
 state, a township whose history during the years was to be 
 studded with patriotic associations, and where religion and 
 education were recognized as the foundation of true living, a 
 bright star in the constellation of Worcester County and the 
 State. 
 
 We are not certain who the first six families of 1762 were, 
 but it is safe to say Obadiah Walker, William Town, Jonah 
 Hill and Nathan Cutting were among that number. 
 
 Obadiah Walker came from Douglas. He married Nancy 
 McCullock of Barre, and brought up a large family. He died 
 in Croydon, N. H., in 1810 at the age of ninety. 
 
 William Town located just north of the Lawrence meadows. 
 He brought up a large family, embodied with the Congrega- 
 tional church in 1766, and was a prominent and respected 
 citizen, being one of the first Assessors and one of the early 
 Town Treasurers. He died in 1811 at the age of eighty. 
 
 Jonah Hill from Douglas located north of the Common 
 The Royalston Memorial says that his house stood near the 
 southeast corner of Joseph Estabrook's pasture. His daughter, 
 Abigail, is claimed as the first-born of Royalston, the records 
 giving the date of her birth as March 27, 1764. She married 
 Elijah Walker, son of Obadiah Walker. Her brother Ephraim 
 Hill married Martha Walker, daughter of Obadiah, and Jonah 
 Hill settled both his son and son-in-law on a 200 acre lot in the 
 west part of the town. Jonah Hill died in 1808 at the age of 
 sixty-nine. 
 
 Nathan Cutting settled near what is now the William H. 
 Leathe farm. He spent the winter of 1762-6.3, cjuite alone, in 
 a house or place, sunk partly into the hill, looking out upon the 
 meadows. He "embodied" with the Congregational church 
 in 1766. He died in 1821 at the age of eighty. 
 
 Lieut. Jonas Allen, formerly written AUiene, was a very 
 early settler, he settled west of the Nathan Cutting place, at 
 the corner of the roads beyond the Bowker farm. He built a 
 saw-mill north of his house where the Lyman Stone mill stands. 
 He was a prominent man and at the head of an interesting 
 
<5 HIvSTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 family. He was one of the first Assessors and also one of the 
 Selectmen for five years between 1770 and 1780. He died in 
 1822 at the age of ninety-three. 
 
 Silas Cutting settled north of the Allen mill. He was one 
 of the first who "embodied*' with the First Congregational 
 church in 1766. He died while abroad in the war in 1777. 
 
 Lieut. Nathan Wheeler settled west of William Clement, and 
 he and his wife organized with the Congregational church in 
 1766. They removed to Lincoln, N. H., about 1792. 
 
 Henry, Isaac and William Nichols from Sutton all hatl early 
 settlements in town, their families are more fully described in 
 the Old Royalston Families in another chapter. 
 
 Michael Grant must also have been a very early settler for 
 his son Stephen is the first person whose death appears on the 
 records, Sept. 4, 1764. He settled north of the Capt. Isaac 
 Metcalf place. 
 
 Aaron Grant settled the place next south of Michael's, and 
 it is probable that this family has the honor of having the first 
 wedding in Royalston, the record stating that Aaron Grant 
 and Mrs. Mary Town of Sutton were married Feb. 20, 1771. 
 He married for his second wife widow Sarah Morse, daughter 
 of Capt. Jonas Parker, of Lexington and Revolutionary memory. 
 He is said to have been a good farmer, but that he persisted in 
 wearing "small clothes," dispensing with the long stockings, 
 knee-buckles and shoes, through all but the winter months. 
 
 Capt. Jonathan Sibley from Sutton was one of the early sett- 
 lers. In 1763 he bought and prepared his farm for settlement. 
 This was situated on the road leading directly South from the 
 Common by the east side of the school house. He would clear 
 a piece of woodland here, go back to look after hay-making in 
 Sutton, and return in time to sow a rye field in Royalston. The 
 next year after he purchased the farm he brought on his wife, 
 two cows and a pair of steers. The wild beasts soon made way 
 with one of the steers. He became a substantial farmer and 
 valuable citizen, being one of the early Selectmen, Town Treas- 
 urer for twenty-seven years from 1781 to 1808 inclusive and 
 was Representative to the Legislature in 1786. He died in 
 1810 at the age of seventy. 
 
 Ajnos Jones who settled north of the Jonas Allen mill, came 
 in during 1763. A good moose story is told of him. He was 
 
FIRST SETTLERS 7 
 
 out looking up his cattle and hearing a crashing among the un- 
 derbrush, supposed the cattle were near at hand; but instead 
 of his cattle a huge moose came forth and confronted him; 
 whose hide he afterwards converted into a pair of leather breeches 
 and a side-saddle. The breeches he wore himself; but upon 
 the side-saddle he persuaded one Lydia WooUey to ride home 
 with him, and take permanent possession of the saddle, and 
 his domestic affairs. He died in 1826 at the age of eighty-four. 
 
 Titnothij Richardson from Wrentham settled where Benj. 
 W. Upham formerly lived. He and his wife were original mem- 
 bers of the First Congregational Church, and he was one of the 
 first selectmen. 
 
 The town contributing the largest number of the early Roy- 
 alston settlers was Sutton, Mass., from which more than twenty 
 families came. Another town sending a liberal contribution 
 was Rehobath in Bristol County from which came more than 
 a dozen families, including the Bullock, Bliss and Peck 
 families. Other towns from which the settlers came 
 were Douglas, Upton, Rutland, Harvard, Shrewsbury, Brook- 
 field and Grafton in Worcester County and Wrentham, Read- 
 ing, Sudbury, Abington, Attleboro, Acton and Stow in the 
 eastern part of the State. 
 
CHAPTER II 
 NAMING THE TOWN 
 
 The proprietors held meetings from 1753 over a period of 
 thirty-four years until 1787, when their records were closed and 
 sealed. Their meetings were held in Boston , "at the Bunch 
 of Clrapes Tavern," and at the first meeting it was "motioned 
 that the land aforesaid be called Royal-shire, and they unani- 
 mously agreed thereto, whereupon the Hon. Isaac Royal, gen- 
 erously gave his Word to give the partners 25 sterling, towards 
 building a meeting-house for said town." Here we first find 
 the name of the town which it bore until the act of Incorpora- 
 tion in February 1765 gave it the name of Royalston. 
 
 The Hon. Isaac Royal, from whom the town of Royalston 
 received its name, was a citizen of Medford, Mass., a gentle- 
 man of great spirit for public enterprise, devoted in admiration 
 for his king, and generous and munificent for his time. From 
 1743 to 1752 he served as deputy to the General Court and regu- 
 larly returned his salary to the treasury of the town of Charles- 
 town. For sixteen years he was chairman of the Board of 
 Selectmen in Charlestown, and when his estate was set off to 
 IVJedford he served there in the same offices. He was modera- 
 tor of town meeting when resolutions against the Stamp Act 
 were passed and used his influence toward the repeal of the law, 
 I>om 1752 to 1774, he was a member of the Governor's Council, 
 He give generously for the benefit of church and schools 
 In CnarlesLOwn and when Harvard Hall was burned in 1764, 
 and with it the entire college library, he contributed a large 
 sam to make good the loss. He also gave two thousand acres 
 of land, a large part of which was in the town of Royalston, to 
 found a professorship of law in Harvard University, which was 
 known as the Royall Professorship of, and which was followed 
 later by the Harvard Law School. 
 
 In addition to his gift of twenty-five pounds sterling to the 
 town of Royalston towards building a meeting house, a pulpit 
 Bible which was used in the First Congregational Church for 
 
NAMING THE TOWN g 
 
 seventy-five years, was a gift from him, and by his will he also 
 gave the town two hundred acres for school purposes, and pro- 
 mised to give a full lot of land in the township to the first male 
 child that should be born in town, but as several girls took the 
 precedence of birth, and the breaking out of the Revolution, 
 Royal Chase, who was named after him, came too late on the 
 stage, and died to early, too avail himself of the offer. 
 
 The clouds which had been gathering for several years broke, 
 the Revolution opened, and Isaac Royall, the friend and bene- 
 factor of Royalston who could not be disloyal to his king, sailed 
 for England in 1776, leaving his home said to be "one of the 
 grandest estates in North America," never to return. Letters 
 written by him in 1779 indicated a yearning desire to return to 
 Massachusetts and to make his last bed beside his relatives 
 and friends. But that was not to be, and he died in Kensing- 
 ton, England in 1781. 
 
 We believe the fathers of Royalston showed good judgment 
 in not changing the name of their town, because of this act of 
 their benefactor, as did other Massachusetts towns because of 
 similar acts of those whose names they bore. An act of Legis- 
 lature passed soon after the Declaration of Independence reads 
 as follows: "An Act for discontinuing the name of a town in 
 the County of Worcester lately incorporated by the name of 
 Hutchinson, and call the same Barre," Governor Hutchinson 
 from whom the town was named had becom.e a Loyalist ancj 
 hence this action of the town, 
 
 Governor Bullock in his address at the Centennial Anniver= 
 gary of Royalston says in regard to this matter: "No town was 
 more patriotic than this in the Revolution; but I rejoice that 
 its citizens appear never for one moment to have thought of 
 giving up their corporate name because their benefactor had 
 estranged himself from their political opinions. The n;>me 
 of this town and the title of the Cambridge law professorship 
 may honorably be retained in his remembrance." 
 
 The idea of preserving the old Royall House, the home of 
 Isaac Royall, for the sake of its history and aesthetic worth, 
 was first conceived in 1889 by the Sarah Bradlee Fulton Chapter, 
 Daughters of the American Revolution of Medford, In April 
 1901, the chapter rented the house and opened it for the bene- 
 fit and pleasure of the public. Becoming convinced that a 
 
20 HISTORY OF ROYAI.STON 
 
 larger organization with more far-reaching acquaintance was 
 necessary, the chapter interested a group of patriotic men and 
 women to form a corporation to purchase the building. As a 
 result the Royall House Association was incorporated in 1905. 
 In April 1907, an option upon the mansion, out buildings 
 and about three-quarters of an acre of land was obtained, and 
 the Association began raising money for the purchase. The 
 fund grew until April 16, 1908, the one hundred thirty-third 
 anniversary of the day when Colonel Isaac Royall left his beau- 
 tiful residence never to return, the deed was obtained. It is 
 a monument to its former proprietors and the times they re- 
 present. Few houses can boast such a succession of eminent 
 owners, and few have stood for nearly two centuries with so 
 few changes in architecture. It is bequeathed to the people of 
 Massachusetts by those who had a part in the making of our 
 Commonwealth, and it becomes the duty as well as privilege 
 of the men and women of today to preserve this grand old home- 
 stead for future generations. 
 
 INCORPORATION OF THE TOWN 
 
 It was only three years after the active settlement of the 
 town began, that the conditions were such that the formation 
 of a town was deemed desirable, and in response to a petifon 
 presented to the General Court, the following act of incorpora- 
 tion was passed February 19, 1765: An act for erecting a town 
 in the County of Worcester by the name of Royalston: Whereas. 
 the proprietors of the land lying north of Athol, within the county 
 of Worcester, known by the name of Royalshire, have petitioned 
 this Court that, for the reasons mentioned, said land may be 
 incorporated into a town and vested with the powers and 
 authority belonging to other towns, for the encouragement of 
 said settlement. 
 
 Be it enacted by the Governor, Council and House of Re 
 presentatives — 
 
 Sec. 1. That said tract of land bounded and described as fol- 
 lows, viz., beginning at a pillar of stones on the province line, 
 the northwest corner, and from thence running south by the 
 east line of Warwick five miles and two hundred and ninetV' 
 
VTAR'WIdiC 
 
 o 
 
 Q 
 
 ►— t 
 
 z 
 
 > 
 r 
 
 o 
 
 > 
 z 
 
 H 
 O 
 
 o 
 
 > 
 r 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 z 
 
 WHN^nff/f^V 
 
INCORPORATION GF THE TOWN H 
 
 three rods to a pillar of stones the southwest corner; and from 
 thence running east with the north hne of Athol five miles and 
 two hundred and sixty-five rods to a red oak and heap of stones, 
 the northeast corner of Athol; and from thence south by the 
 east line of Athol one mile and 190 rods to a stake and stones 
 a corner of Templeton; and from thence east three degrees 
 south one mile and eighty-six rods by said Templeton to the 
 southeast corner; and from thence north twelve degrees east 
 five miles and eighty rods on the west line of Winchendon to 
 a heap of stones, the northwest corner of sad Winchendon; 
 and thence east twelve degrees south six miles and sixty rods 
 by the north hne of said Winchendon to the northeast corner 
 thereof; and from thence north twelve degrees east by the west 
 line of, Dorchester Canada two hundred and ninety-five rods 
 to the province north bounds; and from thence by the province 
 line fourteen miles and two hundred and eighty-five rods to the 
 corner first mentioned, be and hereby is erected into a town 
 by the name of Royalston; and the inhabitants thereof shall 
 have and enjoy all such immunities and privileges as other 
 towns in this province have and do by law enjoy. 
 
 And be it further enacted — 
 
 Sect. 2. That Joshua Willard, Esq., be and hereby is, em- 
 powered to issue his warrant to some principal inhabitant of 
 said town of Royalston, requiring him, in his majesty's name, 
 to warn and notify the said inhabitants qualified to vote in 
 town affairs, to meet together at such time and place in said 
 town as shall be appointed in said warrant to choose such offi- 
 cers as the law directs, and may be necessary to manage the 
 affairs of said town; and the inhabitants so met shall be, and 
 are hereby, empowered to choose officers accordingly. 
 
 And be it further enacted — 
 
 Sect. 3. That all those persons that have already agreed 
 for to settle in said township, and have given bonds to perform 
 the same, shall be accounted as part and parcel of said inhabi- 
 tants, and be allowed to vote in their town meetings in all town 
 affairs, as fully as those who actually live upon their settlements 
 in said town, and shall be accordingly taxed for the purposes 
 aforesaid. In Council Jan. 31, 1765, read a first time. In 
 Council Feb. 1, 1765, read a second time, and passed to be en- 
 grossed- Seut down for concurrence. Jon. Cotton, D, 
 
22 HISTORY OF ROYAI.STON 
 
 Secretary. In the House of Representatives February 15, 1765. 
 Read three several times and concurred. 
 
 S. WHITE, Speaker. 
 
 As we have already stated Royalston as far as the disposal 
 of territory by grants and charters was concerned is the young- 
 est of Worcester County towns; for although Athol and Tem- 
 pleton were both incorporated, only about three years before 
 Royalston, and Winchendon only a single year, yet the grants 
 of lands and settlements of these towns had been made much 
 eai-lier, varying from twenty to thirty years. The wave of 
 occupation seemed to have paused below our border for some 
 years, and when the settlement did commence there was Init a 
 brief period between the first planting and the municipal incor- 
 poration, an interim of only three years, and as it has been said, 
 "there was no infancy here; it was robust manhood from the 
 start." 
 
 The inhabitants of that part of the town known as the Roy- 
 alston Leg were not long satisfied with their allotment in the 
 town of Royalston, and petitioned the General Court to be 
 annexed to Winchendon. In compliance with their petition the 
 following act was passed, June 17,1780: 
 
 ^Yh,erea& it appears that the inhabitants living in a strip of 
 land belonging to Royalston in the County of Worcester, called 
 Royalston Leg, about one mile wide, lying the whole length 
 of the town of Winchendon, would be much accommodated by 
 being set off from Royalston and annexed to the town of Win- 
 chendon,— 
 
 Be it therefore enacted by the Council and House of Repre- 
 sentatives in General Court assembled and by the authority 
 of the same: — 
 
 Sect. 1. That all that part of Royalston, called Royalston 
 Leg, containing by estimation about two thouand acres, begin- 
 ning at the northwest corner of Winchendon, then running 
 northwardly a parallel line with Winchendon west line about 
 one mile to the province line so-called; then eastwardly by the 
 province line the length of the town of Winchendon, be and 
 hereby is set off from Royalston and annexed to Winchendon; 
 and the town of Winchendon is hereby extended so far north 
 as the state line of New Hampshire and said land with the in- 
 
 I 
 
INCORPORATION OF THK TOWN 13 
 
 habitants living therein shall forever, hereafter be considered 
 as lielonging to the town of Winehendon provided nevertheless, — 
 
 Sect. 2. That the said inhabitants and non-residents hall 
 pay all taxes which are already assessed and levied on the town 
 of Royalston, anything in this act to the contrary notwithstand- 
 ing 
 
 Provided also, — 
 
 And be it further enacted by the authority aforesaid. 
 
 Sect. 3. That the amount of the estates contained on and 
 in said tract of land and the polls thereon returned ])y the 
 Assessors of the town of Royalston in the valuation last taken as 
 belonging to Royalston be deducted from the return of said 
 Assessors and added to the return made by the Assessors of the 
 town of Winehendon. 
 
 It seems that the Town of Winehendon was not willing to 
 receive this strip of land without imposing certain conditions 
 upon the inhabitants of that territory, for we find that at a 
 town meeting held March 2, 1778 that it was "Voted to receive 
 the strip of land lying between the north line of Winehendon 
 and the Province line called "Royalston Leg" on to the town of 
 Winehendon, upon the inhabitants of said Leg and several 
 principal inhabitants in the north part of Winehendon promis- 
 ing never to be instrumental in moving the meeting-house off 
 of the meeting-house Common, so called." 
 
CHAPTER III 
 TOWN MEETINGS 
 
 The true j^lory of Royalston, as of all New England towns, 
 has been the town meeting. It has been said, and truly, 
 I believe, that "No other practicable human institution has 
 been devised or conceived to secure the just ends of local 
 government, so felicitous as the town meeting. It 
 brought together the rich and the poor, the good and the Inid. 
 and gave character, eloquence and natural leadership full and 
 free play." 
 
 It would be interesting if the records could give us some of 
 the stirring speeches made on exciting occasions by our Royal- 
 ston fathers, but enough can be gleaned from the language of 
 the voters recorded, to show that the citizens of Royalston took 
 a deep interest in the affairs of the Nation, State and Town. 
 
 The first Town Meeting of Royalston was called by Joshua 
 Willard, a Justice of the Peace of Petersham, the Warrant for 
 which reads as follows: 
 
 WORCESTER, SS. 
 
 To Timothy Richardson, one of the principal Inhabitants 
 of Royalston in said County of Worcester, Greeting, 
 
 Pursuant to an Act of the Great and General Court, in His 
 Maje.sty's Name, you are hereby required forwith, to notify 
 and warn the Freeholders and other Inhabitants of said Royal- 
 ston quaUfied to vote in Town affairs as the Law directs, to 
 meet at the Meeting House in Royalston on Tuesday the 
 seventh day of May next, at one of the clock afternoon, of said 
 day then and there to act on the following articles, viz.: — 
 
 Art. 1. To choose a Moderator for said meeting. 
 
 Art. 2. To choose a Town Clerk, Selectmen, Town Treas- 
 urer and all other officers as the law directs. 
 
 And make return of this warrant with your doings herein, 
 to the Inhabitants of said Town at said meeting. 
 
TOWN MEETINGS 15 
 
 Given under my hand and seal at Petersham this 23d day 
 of April, 1765, and in the 5th year of his Majesty's Reign. 
 
 JOSHUA WILLARD, 
 
 Justice of the Peace. 
 
 Pursuant to this call the voters of Royalston met and chose 
 Joshua Willard, Esq., as Moderator for said meeting, and elect- 
 ed the following town officers: 
 
 John Fry, Town Clerk; Ca.pt. John Fry, Timothy Richard- 
 son, Benjamin Woodbury, Selectmen; Peter Wootlbury, Toivn 
 Treasurer; Zebulon Peirce, Constable; Jonas Alline, Jr., Nathan 
 Cutting, Wardners; Isaac Nichols, Jonah Hill, Benj. Woodbury, 
 Thomas Chambcrlin, Surveyors of Highways; David Lyon, 
 Cornelius Putnam, Fence Vieivers; Nathan Goddard, Nathaniel 
 Rich, Deer Reeves; Ezekiel Cutler, Daniel Owen, Hog Reeves; 
 ()l:)adiaii Walker, Jonas Babcock, Fence Viewers; Benjamin 
 Woodbury, Surveyor of Clapboards and Shingles; Peter Wood- 
 bury, Sealer of Weights and Measures. 
 
 The first Town Meeting for the transaction of business was 
 held June 12, 1765, when the following votes were passed: 
 
 First. Chose Capt. John Fry, Moderator for said meeting. 
 
 Secondly. Voted to raise nine shillings on each hundred 
 acre Settlers Right, for preaching and other Town Charges. 
 
 Thirdly. Voted to raise Eleven Shillings on each Settlers 
 Rights to be worked on the roads and clearing the land round 
 the Meeting House; each man to be allowed three shillings per 
 day. 
 
 Fourthly. Voted that Constables warn Town Meetings 
 by posting up notifications or copies of the Warrant at the Meet- 
 ing House door in Royalston: Voted that the first Monday 
 in March be the day for the Town Meeting annually in Roy- 
 alston. 
 
 EARLY TOWN MEETINGS 
 
 Roads. The first roads laid out by the town after its in- 
 corporation, were accepted at the annual town meeting held 
 March 3d, 1766, and were described as follows: 
 
 "Laid out a road 3 rods wide beginning by the Common 
 Land near the Meeting House in Royalston, then running north- 
 wards by marked trees thro Ebenezer .Land to land of 
 
l(, TirSTORV OF KOYALSTON 
 
 Capt. .lohu Fry's land, and strai.sild on his land to the west 
 end of his dwelling- house. 
 Feb. 8, 17()(). 
 
 .JOHN FRY, 
 
 TIMOTHY RICHARDSON, Selectmen. 
 
 "Liid out a R;)il 3 rods wide, be-iinninp; at the Common 
 Lmd near th<> Meetin"' House, then h-iding Easterly thro the 
 Minister's Lot by m irke:l trees, so on Eistwardly on land of 
 Cde!) D.ina, E>i., by m irked trees to land of (lad Peiree, so 
 on Slid Peiree's Im.l by marke 1 trees to the line of Zel)ulon 
 Peiree's luid, and (lid Peiree's lmd, then half the Ro id on 
 Zebulon's and h vlf on (lid Peiree's land by marked trees to 
 Lieut. Wheeler's Lmd, so on to land of Jonas Allen's by marked 
 trees, South of siid Allen's Dwelling House, so on by marked 
 trees thro Mr. Allen's land and Nathan Cuttin<j;'s. 
 Feb. 8, 1766 per 
 
 TIMO. RICHARDSON, 
 JOHN FRY. Selectmen. 
 
 Accepted by the town at their annual meeting, March 3d, 
 1766." 
 
 Town Meeting, Oct. 19, 1772. "Voted that those persons 
 that have not worked out their highway Rates, shall work with 
 others employed to fill the middle work in the County Bridge 
 and be a lowed 3 yistareens per day, and two shillings per day 
 for a pair of Oxen." 
 
 Town Meeting, May 1, 1780. "Voted to allow Twenty-five 
 dyl'ars p^r diy per man to work on the Roads the present year 
 and for Oxen and Cart in that proportion as usual." 
 
 DAY OF FASTING AND PRAYER 
 
 In the Warrant for a Town Meeting held Sept. 15, 1766, 
 Article 3, was, "To see if the Town will agree upon and appoint 
 a day to keep by the Inhabitants of said Town in Fasting and 
 Praysr to Almighty God for His blessing on us in bringing for- 
 ward this new Town and in Special in settling and gathering a 
 C'aurch in this Town, and dae time give us a Pastor after His 
 own heart: — and to choose a committee to ask the assistance 
 aforesaid of the neighboring churches." 
 
TOWN MEETINGS 17 
 
 Under this article it was voted: "To call a day. Fast the 
 fourth Thursday of October next: — and to send Rev. Mr. Hall, 
 Mr. Hedge, Mr. Swift, Mr. Hubbard, Mr. Stimson, one dele- 
 gate each. Chose Capt. Fry, Nathan Goddard, Capt. Peirce 
 Committee for said affairs." 
 
 May 7, 1770. "Voted to give liberty to Abiel Richardson 
 and others to build a "Stnall house^' near the Meeting House 
 for "Sabboih Noons." 
 
 ]May 27, 1776. "Voted to raise 20 pounds to defray town 
 charges and buy ainmunition." 
 
 All the Town Meetings for several years were called in "His 
 Majesty's Name" until Sept. 29. 1776, when the call for a town 
 meeting is announced as follows: 
 
 "Worcester — SS. To Benjamin Hutchinson, one of the Con- 
 staliles of Royalston, Greeting. 
 
 In the name of the Government., and People of the State of 
 Massachusetts Bay in Neio England, — You are hereby requested 
 to warn the inhaljitants of the Town of Royalston, ciualified 
 to vote in town affairs to meet at the Meeting House in said 
 Royalston on Monday, the 29th day of September current, at 
 2 o'clock p. m. then and there to act on the following Articles, viz : 
 
 Art. 2. "To see if it be the mind of the Town that the 
 General Court of this State form a Government for the State, 
 and establish the same." Under this article it was "Voted 
 that it be the mind of the Inhabitants of said Town, that the 
 General Court form a plan of Government for said State, and lay 
 the same before the People of said State at large, for their con- 
 sideration and if approved by said people then to be 
 established by the authority of said State." 
 
 Evidently the voters of Royalston had a mind of their 
 own as to the Constitution of the Government they were to 
 live under, for at a Town Meeting held April 9, 1778, they 
 "Voted not to approve of said Constitution as it now stands: 
 Voted to approve of it in part. Then Voted to choose a Com- 
 mittee of seven men to make such Remarks and such alterations 
 on such articles in said Constitution as are disapproved, and 
 such as are approved for the information of the General Court. 
 Chose Capt. Batcheller, Mr. Lee, Lieut. Sibley, Mr. Richard- 
 son, Henry Bond, Simeon Morey and William Dike said Com- 
 mittee." 
 
2S HISTORY OF ROYAI.STON •-- 
 
 "Voted to adjourn the meeting to the last Wednseday in 
 May current at 2 o'clock p. m. Then met agreeable to adjourn- 
 ment and heard the form of Government by the Committee 
 above said, read over and over again and voted unanimously to 
 approve of the sam(\ Number of voters, 75." 
 
 Those were th(^ days when the voters in town meeting also 
 decided in regard to church affairs, such as the erection of church 
 buildings, the hiring of ministers, and paying their salaries, etc. 
 
 At a town meeting held June 14, 1778, the following votes 
 were passed. "Voted to build the stairs insitle the Meeting 
 House;" "Voted that the Committee build four seats round 
 the galleries;" "Voted that the Committc^e sell room for a single 
 Pew all round the back side of the Galleries, to the highest bid- 
 der at a vendue to help finish the seats in the Meeting House;" 
 "Voted that the front gallery be divided — two thirds for the men 
 to sit in and o»f-third for the women to sit in;" "Voted that 
 the men sit in the Mens Gallery and the women sit in the 
 Womatis side;" "Voted that the Committee build the stairs and 
 seats as soon as convenient may be." 
 
 Town Meeting, March 25, 1779. Under Article 2. "Voted 
 by the town they were willing to make the Rev. Mr. Lee's 
 salary good. Then voted to desire the Inhabitants of Royalston 
 to pay Mr. Lee's salary in the articles of Life or money, equal 
 to silver, or to Mr. Lee's acceptance." 
 
 The first place for holding the town meetings as in nearly all 
 of our old New England towns, was at the Meeting House, which 
 was usually the first public building erected. All of the Royal 
 ston town meetings were held in the Meeting House on the Com - 
 mon until the church people decided to demolish their structure 
 and erect a better building on a different site, which was where 
 the present church building stands. This was done in 1840, and 
 the last town meeting held in the Meeting House was on April 
 6, 1840. The town meeting of the October following was held 
 in the school house, and on Nov. 21, 1840, the town voted for 
 the first time to build a Town House. It was Iniilt in 1841 and was 
 a low one-story building located just south of where the present 
 parsonage of the First Congregational Church stands, and was 
 in close proximity to the old tavern where the weary voters 
 after their exciting discussions over town affairs could adjourn 
 to quench their thirst and gain new strength for the combat. 
 
WEST SIDE OF COMMON 
 Showing First Congregational Church and Town Hall 
 
 TOWN HALL, BUILT IN 1867 
 
TOWN MEETINGS 19 
 
 This building; which for twenty-five years had served the 
 town for its Town House, which had been the scene of many 
 excitinji; discussions, and had echoed to the fiery eloquence of 
 the town meeting orators on many memorable occasions, had 
 become^ inadequate to accommodate the voters, and we find 
 in the Warrant for a Town Meeting to be held April 23, 1866, 
 an Article, "To see if the town will build a new ToiLm House 
 and ajipropriate money for the same, or act thereon." Under 
 this article it was "Voted to Iniild a new Toivn House and chose 
 Chauncey Chase, John King, Daniel Davis, Jos. L. Perkins, 
 B. H. Brown, Luther Harrington and Russell Morse, Jr., a 
 Committee to report a plan or plans, location, specifications, 
 expenditures, etc., for said Town House, suljject to the action 
 of the town at an adjourned meeting. Voted also the above 
 named persons be the Building Committee. At the adjourned 
 meeting held May 30, 1866, the report of this Committee was 
 heard and accepted and their plan adopted, and it was voted 
 that the Treasurer be authorized to borrow from time to time 
 such sums of money as the l)uilding committee may require, 
 the whole amount not to exceed Six Thousand dollars, and 
 Barnet Bullock was made an agent for the town to purchase 
 the land for said Town House, and take the deed thereof for 
 the town, and it was also voted that the Town House be com- 
 pleted by the first day of October, 1867. June 7, 1866, it was 
 "Voted to appropriate all the available materials of the old 
 Town House in the erection of the new," and on June 27, 1867, 
 it was voted to accept the alterations in the construction of 
 the New Town House in having seven Dormer Windows. 
 
 The first town meeting in the new Toivn Hall was held 
 Dec. 17, 1867, and served the purpose of a dedication and open- 
 ing to the public. The only Imsiness transacted being to hear 
 the report of the Building Committee, the Memorial Tablet 
 Committee, and to adopt Resolutions. George Peirce served 
 as Moderator. The Building Committee presented the follow- 
 ing Report; "The Committee chosen to construct and build a 
 Town House for the Town of Royalston, have attended to that 
 duty. One of their number, and the one with whom I was 
 most intimately connected, has fallen by my side; and we mourn 
 his loss, and tender our sympathies to the Bereavedoi:— such men 
 as Russell Morse, Jr., the Town of Royalston have none to 
 spare. 
 
20 HISTORY OK ROYALSTON 
 
 Sir — It Ims l)(>(Mi our aim to expend just as little as necessity 
 and the tastes of the people would allow; antl facts have proved 
 that we failed to appreciate the jronerosity of the people— and 
 the town very appropriately ,ti;ranted to us that which we never 
 asked of them; namely the privilege of putting in the Dormer 
 Wiudoirs the (>xpens(> of which this Rei)ort covers. Tinu^ will 
 not allow us to fi'o into detail, to report the expenses, but we will 
 here say that \\c have vouckcn^ for every cent we have expended 
 on file, which will be at your disposal. The whole amount 
 <rrant(Ml ])y the Town subject to our disposal was Nine Thous, 
 and Dollars. The whole amount expended by them is $8,999.97, 
 leaving a balance in the Treasury of three cents. All of which 
 we most respectfully submit. 
 
 JOSEPH L. PElUvINS, for the Committee. 
 
 A Committee of three was chosen to draft Resolutions with 
 reference to certain Gifts presented to the Town. That Com- 
 mittee consisting of Rev. E. W. Bullard, William D. Ripley and 
 Dr. H. T. Hanks, presented the following Report: 
 
 Whereas the Town, for the purpose of dedicating and open- 
 ing for public use the New Town Hall, find the same highly 
 satisfactory and honorable, alike to the Gentlemen who de- 
 signed and built it, to the Building Committee and to the Town; 
 and whereas, it is also found that sundry of our fellow citizens 
 have contributed by special Gifts, and Monies, to the adorn- 
 ment, comfort and convenience of this House. 
 
 Therefore. Resolved I. That we tender to Mr. Chatincey 
 Chase, the architect and contractor, sentiments of appreciation 
 and congratulation for his skill, taste and thoroughness in 
 planning and constructing this commodious edifice. 
 
 Resolved II. That we convey to the Genttenien of the Build- 
 ing Committee, our thanks for the public spirit and liberality 
 with which they have discharged their responsil)le duties. 
 
 Resolved III. That we gratefully record the generosity of 
 our fellow Citizen, Mr. Joseph Raymond, in assuming, by per- 
 mission of the Town, the entire expense of procuring and plac- 
 ing in this Hall the four Memorial Tablets in commemoration 
 of our sons and brothers, who fell in the defence of the National 
 integrity and life during our Conflict with the late Rebellion — 
 for his interest and labors as a member of the Memorial Corn- 
 
TOWN MEETINGS 21 
 
 mittee in getting up these appropriate and elegant Marbles; 
 and now for the terms in which he has asked the Town to allow 
 him the privilege and the honor of paying for them, we extend 
 to Mr. Raymond our cordial thanks. 
 
 Resolved IV. That we recognize the accustomed liberal- 
 ity of Mv8. Emilij B. Ripley, and her interest in the enterprise 
 of building this House, in the gift of the emblematical Vane 
 which surmounts its Dome; and recjuest the Town Clerk to 
 transmit to Mrs. Ripley a copy of this Resolution, with 
 expressions of our consitleration and esteem. 
 
 Resolved V. That we persent to Mr. George F. Miller 
 our acknowledgements for the Clock donated by him for the 
 use of this Hall. 
 
 Resolved VI. That we notice thus pubhcly, and put upon 
 our Records, expressions of obligations to those numerous friends 
 and citizens, by whose hberal contributions this Hall has been 
 tastefully Frescoed and provided with a Beautiful Chandelier ^ 
 All which is respectfully submitted. 
 
 REV. E. W. BULLARD, ) 
 
 WILLIAM D. RIPLEY, ) Committee. 
 
 DR. H. HANKS. ) 
 
 The Worcester Daily Spy of Dec. 30, 18G7, reported the 
 dedication of the Royalston Town Hall as follows: 
 
 ROYALSTON FESTIVAL 
 
 The new Town Hall at Royalston was dedicated on the 
 17th with appropriate ceremonies. At two o'clock in the after- 
 noon a formal town meeting was called at which the hall was 
 accepted by the town. The building cost about ten thousand 
 dollars. The main hall is on the first floor, which will be used 
 for town purposes. On the second floor is the monumental 
 hall upon the walls of which are tablets inscribed with the 
 names of Royalston soldiers who fell in the army. The build- 
 ing has a cupola surmounted by an eagle and as a whole is one 
 of the most elegant public edifices in the county. The 
 dedicatory address was given by Rev. A. E. Perkins of Ware, a 
 native of Royalston, who was followed by Governor Bullock, also 
 a native of Royalston. An evening entertainment of speaches, 
 music, etc., closed the exercises. 
 
CHAPTER IV 
 
 TOWN GOVERNMENT 
 
 The principal officers in the Town Gov(>rnment that have 
 come down through the years from the incorporation of the 
 town to the present time are the Town Clerk, Town Treasurer, 
 Board of Selectmen and Assessors. We give a list of the persons 
 wlu) liave held these offices, and the years they served, also 
 sketches of the incumbents of the offices for the year 1915. 
 
 SELECTMEN 
 
 1765 John Fry, Timothy Richardson, Benjamin Woodbury. 
 
 1766 Timothy Richardson, Benjamin Woodbury, Nathan God- 
 
 dard. 
 
 1767 John Fry, Isaac Estey, Jonathan Sibley. 
 
 1768 John Fry, Isaac Estey, Jonathan Sibley. 
 
 1769 Benjamin Woodbury, Peter Woodbury, 
 
 1770 Peter Woodbury, Silvanus Hemenway, Jonas Allen. 
 
 1771 John Fry, Peter Woodbury, Silvanus Hemenway. 
 
 1772 John Fry, Peter Woodburj', Silvanus Hemenway. 
 
 1773 Timothy Richardson, Benjamin Woodbury, Peter Wood- 
 
 bury. 
 177-4 Timothy Richardson, Benjamin Woodbury, Benjamin 
 Waite. 
 
 1775 Timothy Richardson, Benjamin Woodbury, Benjamin 
 
 Waite. 
 
 1776 Timothy Richardson, Benjamin Woodbury, Benjamin 
 
 Waite. 
 
 1777 Benjamin Woodbury, Jonathan Sibley, Jonas Allen. 
 
 1778 Benjamin Woodbury, Jonathan Sibley, Jonas Allen. 
 
 1779 Silvanus Hemenway, Francis Chase, Pelatiah Metcalf. 
 
 1780 John Fry, Peter Woodbury, Silvanus Hemenway, Jonas 
 
 Allen, Benjamin Waite. 
 
 1781 Benjamin Woodbury, Peter Woodbury, Francis Chase, 
 
 Moulton Bullock, James Work. 
 
TOWN GOVERNMElN'r 23 
 
 1782 Pelatiah Metcalf, John Orsboni, Jonas Thompson, 
 
 Nathaniel Bragg. 
 
 1783 Peter Woodbury, John Bacheller, Jacob Estey, Henry 
 
 Bond, Silas Heywood. 
 
 1784 Timothy Richardson, Peter Woodbury, Jacob Estey, 
 
 Henry Bond, Oliver W^ork. 
 
 1785 Timothy Richardson, Peter Woodbury, Jacol) Estey, 
 
 Henry Bond, Oliver Work. 
 
 1786 Peter Woodbury, Pelatiah Metcalf, John Orsborn, Jacob 
 
 Estey. 
 
 1787 Peter Woodlmry, Francis Chase, John Orsborn, John 
 
 Peck. 
 
 1788 Peter Woodbury, Francis Chase, Pelatiah Metcalf, 
 
 Oliver Work. 
 
 1789 Peter Woodbury, Silvanus Hemenway, Francis Chase, 
 
 Oliver Work. 
 
 1790 Silvanus Hemenway, Pelatiah Metcalf, John Bacheller, 
 
 Oliver Work. 
 
 1791 John Fry, Peter Woodbury, Silvanus Hemenway, Pela- 
 
 tiah Metcalf, Samuel Goddard. 
 
 1792 John Orsborn, John Bacheller, Jacob Estey, Silas Hey- 
 
 wood, Isaac Gregor5^ 
 J793 John Bacheller, Isaac Gregory, Shubel Blanding, Ebene- 
 zer Fry, John Norton. 
 
 1794 Peter Woodlniry, Jacob Estey, Shubel Blanding, Ebene- 
 
 zer Fry, John Norton, 
 
 1795 Isaac Gregory, Nathan Bullock, Ebenezer Fry, John 
 
 Norton, Daniel W^oodbury. 
 
 1796 Isaac Gregory, Ebenezer Fry, John Norton, Daniel 
 
 Woodbury, James Forbes. 
 
 1797 Isaac Gregory, Ebenezer Fry, John Norton, James 
 
 Forbes, John Stockwell. 
 
 1798 Ebenezer Fry, John Norton, Daniel Woodbury, Ammi 
 
 Falkner. 
 
 1799 Isaac Gregory, Ebenezer Fry, John Norton, Daniel 
 
 Woodbury. 
 J 800 Isaac Gregory, John Norton, Daniel Woodbury, Eben^' 
 zer Blanding, Squier Davis, 
 
 1801 Samuel Goddard, John Norton, Squier Davis, 
 
 1802 Samuel Goddard, John Norton, Squier Davis. 
 
24 HISTORY OF ROYALSTOX 
 
 1803 John Norton, Squier Davis, Joseph Estabrook. 
 
 1804 Joseph Estabrook, Joseph Jacobs. 
 
 1805 Ebenezer Fry, Joseph Estabrook, Joseph Jacol)s. 
 
 1806 Isaac Gregory, Ebenezer Fry, Joseph Jacobs. 
 
 1807 Stephen Bacheller, Jr., Levi Thurston, Amos Jones, Jr. 
 
 1808 Ebenezer Fry, Joseph Estabrook, Jonathan Gale. 
 
 1809 John Norton, Joseph Estabrook, Jonathan Gale. 
 
 1810 John Norton, Squier Davis, Joseph Estabrook, Stephen 
 
 Bacheller, Jr., Jonathan Gale. 
 
 1811 John Norton, Squier Davis, Rufus Bullock. 
 
 1812 Squier Davis, Rufus Bullock, Thomas Richardson. 
 
 1813 John Norton, Squier Davis, Rufus Bullock. 
 
 1814 John Norton, Daniel Woodbury, Squier Davis, kmo< 
 
 Jones, Jr., John Holman. 
 
 1815 John Norton, Squier Davis, David Fisher. 
 
 1816 John Norton, Squier Davis, Joseph Estabrook. 
 
 1817 John Norton, Squier Davis, Nathan B. Newton, Asahel 
 
 Davis, Asa Bacheller. 
 
 1818 Daniel Woodbury, Squier Davis, John Holman. 
 
 1819 Daniel Woodbury, Squier Davis, John Holman. 
 
 1820 Daniel Woodbury, Squier Davis, John Holman. 
 
 1821 Squier Davis, Asa Bacheller, Benjamin Brown. 
 
 1822 Squier Davis, Asa Bacheller, Benjamin Brown. 
 
 1823 Squier Davis, Asa Bacheller, Benjamin Brown. 
 
 1824 Squier Davis, William Peirce, Silas Jones, Russell Morse. 
 
 1825 Squier Davis, Silas Jones, Russell Morse. 
 
 1826 Squier Davis, Silas Jones, Russell [Morse. 
 
 1827 Asahel Davis, Silas Jones Russell [Morse. 
 
 1828 Asahel Davis, Silas Jones, Russell Morse. 
 
 1829 Squier Davis, Benjamin Brown Stephen Richardson. 
 
 1830 Benjamin Brown, Stephen Richardson, Salmon Goddard 
 
 1831 Asahel Davis, Silas Jones, Robert Thompson. 
 
 1832 Asahel Davis, Silas Jones, Robert Thompson. 
 
 1833 Asahel Davis, Silas Jones, Robert Thompson. 
 
 1834 Silas Jones, Robert Thompson, Joseph Davis, 2d. 
 
 1835 Silas Jones, Joseph Davis, 2d, Joseph Stockwell. 
 
 1836 Benjamin Brown, Robert Thompson, Benoni Peck. 
 
 1837 Russell Morse, Benoni Peck, Arba Sherwin. 
 
 1838 Silas Jones, Russell Morse, Benoni Peck. 
 
 1839 Silas Jones, Russell Morse, Benoni Peck. 
 
TOWN GOVERNMKNT 25 
 
 1840 Russell Morse, Benoni Peck, Barnet Bullock. 
 
 1841 Elmer Newton, Ebenezer Pierce, Hiram W. Albee. 
 
 1842 Ebenezer Pierce, Hiram W. Albee, Benjamin Fry. 
 
 1843 Benjamin Fry, Benoni Peck, Otis Gale. 
 
 1844 Barnet Bullock, Daniel Bliss, Otis Gale. 
 
 1845 Barnet Bullock, Cyrus Davis, Otis Gale. 
 
 1846 Stephen Richardson, Otis Gale, Adriei White. 
 
 1847 Hiram W. Albee, Joseph Raymond, Jarvis Davis. 
 
 1848 Hiram W. Albee, Joseph Raymond, Jarvis Davis. 
 
 1849 Joseph Raymond, Tarrant Cutler, Solyman Heywood 
 
 1850 Joseph Raymond, Jarvis Davis, Jesse F. Wheeler. 
 
 1851 Benjamin Fry, Jarvis Davis, Jesse F. Wheeler. 
 
 1852 Benjamin Fry, Otis Bemis, Daniel Davis. 
 
 1853 Joseph Raymond, Otis Bemis. 
 
 1854 Joseph Raymond, Jarvis Davis, Nahum Longley. 
 ISJj Alriel W-iite, Isiic Nichols, Lemuel i'^de^. 
 
 1855 Lemuel Fales, Cyrus B. Reed, George Whitney. 
 
 1857 Joseph Raymond, L. W. Partridge, Harvey W. Bhss 
 
 1858 Otis Gale, Joseph Raymond, Caleb A. Cook. 
 
 1859 Nahum Longley, Caleb A. Cook, Wilham W. Clement. 
 
 1860 Nahum Longley, Caleb A. Cook, Wilham W. Clement. 
 
 1861 Cyrus B. Reed, Richard Baker, WllUam W. Clement. 
 
 1862 Cyrus B. Reed, Richard Baker, William W. Clement. 
 
 1863 Wilham W. Clement, J. A. Rich, Hiram Harrington. 
 
 1864 William W. Clement, J. A. Rich, Hiram Harrington. 
 
 1865 Wilham W. Clement, J. A. Rich, Hiram Harrington. 
 
 1866 Daniel Davis, Edmund Stockwell, Benjamin H. Brown. 
 
 1867 DanielDavis, Edmund Stockwell, B. H. Brown. 
 
 1868 Daniel Davis, Edmund Stockwell, B. H. Brown, 
 
 1869 Josepeh Raymond, Jonas Turner, B. H. Brown. 
 
 1870 Daniel Davis, B. W. Rich, C. J. Piper. 
 
 1871 Daniel Davis, B. W. Rich, Wilham W. Clement. 
 
 1872 Wilham W. Clement, B. B. Murdock, E. T. Warner. 
 
 1873 William W. Clement, C. W. Day, E. T. Warner. 
 
 1874 Wilham W. Clement, C. W. Day, Lyman Stone, 
 
 1875 WiUiam W, Clement, C. W, Day, J. N, Bartlett, 
 
 1876 C. W. Day, John N. Bartlett, Joseph Walker. 
 
 1877 A. D. Raymond, A. A. Hyatt, A. M. White. 
 
 1878 John N. Bartlett, Joseph T. Nichols, Asaph M. W^hite. 
 
 1879 Joseph T. Nichols, Caleb W. Day, Asaph M, White. 
 
2(5 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 1880 Joseph T. Nichols, Caleb W. Day, Asaph M. White. 
 
 1881 Joseph T. Nichols, Caleb W. Day, Asaph M. White. 
 
 1882 Joseph T. Nichols, Benjamin W. Rich, Asaph M. White. 
 
 1883 Joseph Walker, B. W. Rich, Asaph M. White. 
 
 1884 Joseph Walker, B. W. Rich, Asaph M. White. 
 
 1885 Joseph Walker, Benjamin W. Rich, Asaph M. White. 
 
 1886 Joseph Walker, Jeremiah A. Rich, Asaph M. White. 
 
 1887 Joseph Walker, John R. Hale, Asaph M. White.. 
 
 1888 Joseph T. Nichols, John R. Hale, Asaph M. White. 
 
 1889 Joseph T. Nichols, John R. Hale, William H. Leathe. 
 
 1890 Joseph T. Nichols, John R. Hale, C. C. Chapin. 
 
 1891 Joseph T. Nichols, John R. Hale, C. C. Chapin. 
 
 1892 Cohn Mackenzie, S. B. Forristall, J. S. Moore. 
 
 1893 Cohn Mackenzie, S. B. Forristall, J. S. ]\Ioore. 
 
 1894 Alfred D. Raymond, Jeremiah A. Rich, Phinehas S. 
 
 Newton. 
 
 1895 Alfred D. Raymond, Jeremiah A. Rich, Luke B. Shep- 
 
 ardson. 
 
 1896 M. W. White, J. R. Hale, Luke B. Shepardson. 
 
 1897 M. W. White, B. Warren Rich, M. W. Sherwood. 
 
 1898 Phinehas S. Newton, B. Warren Rich, M. W. Sherwood. 
 
 1899 Phinehas S. Newton, B. Warren Rich, Luke B. Shep- 
 
 ardson, 
 
 1900 M. W. White, S. B. Forristall, Luke B. Shepardson. 
 
 1901 M. W. White, S. B. Forristall, Luke B. Shepartlson. 
 
 1902 M. W. White, S. B. Forristall, Luke B. Shepardson. 
 
 1903 M. W. White, S. B. Forristall, Luke B. Shepardson. 
 
 1904 M. W. White, Walter N. Farrar, Luke B. Shepardson. 
 
 1905 Walter N. Farrar, Luke B. Shepardson, M. W. White. 
 
 1906 Luke B. Shepardson, Millard W. White, Walter N. 
 
 Farrar. 
 
 1907 Charles H. Brown, Walter N. Farrar, Luke B. Shepard- 
 
 son. 
 
 1908 Charles H. Brown, Walter N. Farrar, Luke B. Shepard- 
 
 son. 
 
 1909 Charles H. Brown, S. B. Forristall, Luke B. Shepardson. 
 
 1910 Charles H. Brown, S. B. Forristall, Luke B. Shepardson, 
 
 1911 Charles H. Brown, S. B. Forristall, Luke B. Shepardson, 
 
 1912 Charles H. Brown, Charles H. Brooks, Luke B. Shep- 
 
 ardson. 
 
BOARD OF SELECTMEN, 1914 
 
 CHARLES H. BROWN CHARLES H. BROOKS 
 
 LUKE B. SHEPARDSON 
 
TOWN GOVKRNMENT 27 
 
 1913 Charles H. Brown, Charles H. Brooks, Luke B. 8hep- 
 
 son. 
 
 1914 Charles H. Brown, Charles H. Brooks, Luke B. Shep- 
 
 ardson. 
 
 1915 Charles H. Brown, Luke B. Shepardson, Alfred W. Neal. 
 
 Charles H. Brown, chairman of the Board of Selectmen, 
 was born in Royalston Feb. 3, 1865, son of Benjamin H. and 
 Nancy L. (Wood) Brown. His education was obtained in the 
 public schools of Royalston, all at the old North East District 
 school, with the exception of two terms at the Center school. 
 After nine years of age he attended school only a part of the 
 fall and winter terms, the remainder of his time until seventeen 
 years of age being spent in doing farm work. He then left home 
 and went to Boston where he was employed in driving a whole- 
 sale bakery team, getting up at three o'clock each morning for 
 three years, when he went to Worcester and was employed as 
 clerk in one of the largest grocery stores in the city for seven 
 years, after which he went into business for himself with a part- 
 ner. At the end of two years he sold out his interest and opened 
 a general notion store which he carried on for three years. 
 
 In 1893 he returned to Royalston where he has ever since 
 been engaged in farming, nearly all the time on what is known 
 as the Raymond farm in the north part of the town. He owns 
 the old ancestral homestead where he was boni, which has been 
 in possession of the Brown family for several generations, 
 
 Since his return to his native town he has been prominent 
 In town affairs and actively interested in the social, educational 
 and political life of the community. In 1900 he was elected a 
 member of the School Committee and served as chairman for 
 seven years, when in 1907, he resigned having two more years 
 to serve. That year he was elected a member of the Board 
 of Selectmen and has been re-elected at the expiration of every 
 terra of office to the present tims, and has been chairman of 
 th3 boxrd the entire tira3. He is a member of the Finance 
 Committee of the town and of the committee to draft town 
 by-laws, and has also served on other important committees. 
 He is a member of Royalston grange of which he has been Master, 
 Overseer, Secretary, Treasurer and a member of the executive 
 committee. He is also a irjember of Athol Lodge of Masons. 
 
2S HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 He was for many years a leading Repul)liean and served as 
 delegate to many of the party conventions and was for fourteen 
 years a member of the Republican Town Committee, being most 
 of the time secretary and was for two years chairman. He re- 
 signed from the Committee in 1912 and was elected a member 
 of the Progressive Town Committee of which he has since served 
 as clriirmin. For the last three years he has been President 
 of the Royalston Old Home Week Association. 
 
 On September 25, 1888 he was married to Miss Annie E. 
 Rowe of Boston. They have three sons and two daughters, 
 all of whom are living at home except one. 
 
 Litfcs B. Shapardsjn, a prominent town officer for more 
 than twenty years, and one of the present Board of Selectmen, 
 is a son of Eri and Elvira (Bemis) Shepardson and was born 
 at the old Shepardson homestead Sept. 9, 1851. His education 
 was obtained in the old No. 8 District School of Royalston, after 
 which he settled on the old farm where he was born, and has 
 ever since been engaged in teaming and lumbering in connection 
 with his farming operations. 
 
 At the age of fourteen years he united with the West Royal- 
 ston Baptist Church and in 18 — ^was elected as Deacon, which 
 office he has held ever since He also served as Superintendent of 
 the Sunday school for several years and has been on important 
 committees of the church. At the age of twenty-one he joined 
 the Masonic fraternity and has ever since been a member in 
 good standing. He has been a member of the Board of Select- 
 men for sixteen years, and one of the Road Surveyors for more 
 than twenty years, and has served the town on important 
 committees. 
 
 He married Ellen L. Tandy, daughter of Rev. Lorenzo and 
 Lucy Tandy, June 23, 1875. They have five children: Florence 
 E., born Aug. 18, 1876, she graduated from Smith College in 
 19DS, and after teaching in High Schools for several years married 
 Edward Taggard of Portersville, Cal., where they now make 
 their home; John, born Sept. 15, 1877, lives at home on the farm 
 and is engaged in farm work and teaming; Bertha M., born 
 Oct. 27, 1879, graduated fom the Athol High School, and 
 married George E. Fairbanks Dec. 25, 1901, they have three, 
 children and are now living in Fitzwilliam, N. H.; Carl W., 
 
TOWN GOVERNMENT 29 
 
 born Dec. 5, 1S85, fiTiiduated from Brown University, and from 
 June, 1909, until May, 1912, was a teacher in the Government 
 schools in the Philippines, and since then has been a teacher in 
 New Hampshire and Massachusetts; Lucy, born Sept. 21, 1889, 
 attended Smith College, but did not graduate, leaving the College 
 in her third year, her motluu-'s health being such that she was 
 n'j ded at home. 
 
 Alfred W infield Neale was born in West Brookfield in 1862. 
 His father was born in Towl^ridge, England hi 1828, and his 
 mother in this country in 1820. He attended school in No. 9 
 district of Royalston, and has followed the occupation of farming. 
 He was on the board of assessors for several years,' was one of 
 the Overseers of the Poor two years, and has been tax collector 
 for several years holding the office at the present time. He 
 married Eleanor I\I. Stockwell of Hoyalston in 1890. She died 
 in February 1903. He married (2) Bertha Frumerin of Brockton, 
 Mass. They have three children: Alfred Wesley, born Nov. 18, 
 1904, Theodore Winfield, born Nov. 4, 1908, and Winston Geddes, 
 born Aug. 17, 1913. Mr. Neale is a member of the Board of 
 Selectmen, having l)een elected in March 1915. 
 
 ASSESSORS 
 
 The first board of Assessors was chosen in 1766 and consisted 
 of John Fry, William Town and Jonas Allen. 
 
 Some years the Board of Selectmen have been the Assessors. 
 The Assessors serving when tliere has been a separate board 
 are as follows : 
 1773 Henry Bond, Benjamin Wait, Stephen Bachel er. 
 
 1775 Peter Woodbury, David Lyon, John Peck. 
 
 1776 Willam Town, Peter Woodbury, John Peck. 
 
 1777 William Town, David Copeland, William Clement. 
 
 1778 Henry Bond, John Fry, Peletiah Metcalf. 
 
 1779 Timothy Bliss, John Bacheller, Isaac Gale. 
 
 1780 William Town, John Peck, John Bacheller. 
 
 1781 Henry Bond, Oliver Work, Ebenezer Blanding. 
 
 1782 William Clement, Oliver Work, Joseph Emerson. 
 
 1783 Oliver Work, Samuel Goddard, Ammi Falkner. 
 
JO HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 1784 Ilrniy Bond. OliYor Work, .Jacob Estey. 
 
 1785 Henry Bond. OHyci' Work, Jacob Estey. 
 1781) Ammi Falkner, Paul Ellis, Daniel Woodbury. 
 
 1787 Aninii Falkner, Paul Ellis, Daniel Woodbury. 
 
 1788 Aninii 1-^alkner, Paul Ellis, Isaac Gregory. 
 17S!) Ammi Falkner, Paul Ellis, Isaac Greo-ory. 
 17')() Joseph Emerson, Paul Ellis, Isaac Gregory. 
 17'.»1 <)liv(n- Work, Ammi Falkner, Paul Ellis. 
 
 1792 Ammi Falkner, Isaac Gregory. 
 
 1793 Ammi Falkner, Paul Ellis, Isaac Gregory. 
 
 1794 Peter Woodbury, Peletiah Metcaif, Joseph Emerson. 
 
 1795 Paul Ellis, Isaac Gregory, Eliphalet Cheney. 
 
 1796 Paul Ellis, Eliphalet Cheney, David Fisher. 
 
 1797 Ammi Falkner, Paul Ellis, David Fisher. 
 
 1798 Ammi Falkner, Paul Ellis, Isaac Gregory. 
 
 1799 Daniel Woodbury, Isaac Gregory, John Norton. 
 
 1800 Ammi Falkner, Isaac Gregory, Salmon Goddard. 
 
 1801 John Norton, Salmon Goddard. 
 
 1802 Ammi Falkn(>r, Isaac Gregory, Salmon Goddard. 
 
 1803 Ebenezer Blanding, Ammi Falkner, Isaac Gregory. 
 1801 Elx'uezer Blanding, Ammi Falkner, Amos Jones, Jr, 
 1805 Ammi Falkner, Isaac Gregory, Salmon Goddard. 
 1805 Ammi Falkner, Salmon Goddard, Amos Jones, Jr. 
 
 1807 Ammi Falkner, Amos Jones, Jr., Rufus Bullock. 
 
 1808 Ammi Falkner, Amos Jones, Jr., Isaac Metcaif. 
 
 1809 Ammi Falkner, Amos Jones, Jr., Isaac Metcaif. 
 
 1810 Ammi Falkner, Salmon Goddard, Isaac Metcaif. 
 
 1813 David Fisher, Amos Jones, Jr., Hufus Bullock. 
 
 1814 Daniel Woodbury, David Fisher, Amos Jones, Jr. 
 
 1815 Daniel Woodbury, David Fisher, Tarrant Cutler. 
 
 1816 Daniel Woodbury, David Fisher, Tarrant Cutler. 
 
 1817 David Fisher, Silas Heywood, Tarrant Cutler. 
 
 1820 Daniel Woodbury, Benoni Peck, Silas Jones. 
 
 1821 Rufus Bullock, Tarrant Cutler, Asahel Davis. 
 
 1822 Rufus Bullock, Tarrant Cutler, Asahel Davis. 
 
 1823 Tarrant Cutler, Asahel Davis, Jonathan Peirce. 
 
 1824 Tarrant Cutler, Asahel Davis, Jonathan Peirce, 
 
 1825 Rufus Bullock, Asahel Davis, Benjamin Brown. 
 
 1826 Rufus Bullock, Asahel Davis, Stephen Richardson. 
 
 1827 Tarrant Cutler, Benoni Peck, Jonathan Peirce. 
 
TOWN GOVERNMENT Jl 
 
 1828 Tarrant Cutler, Asahel Davis, Jonathan Peirce. 
 
 1829 Tarrant Cutler, Asahel Davis, Jonathan Peirce. 
 
 1830 Benoni Peck, Silas Jones, Jonathan Gale. 
 
 1831 Silas Jones, Asahel Davis, Jonathan Peirce. 
 
 1832 Silas Jones, Asahel Davis, Russe 1 Morse. 
 
 1833 Silas Jones, Asahel Davis, Russell Morse. 
 
 1834 Silas Jones, Joseph Davis, 2d., Russell Morse. 
 
 1835 Silas Jones, Joseph Davis, 2d., Russell Morse. 
 183() Benoni Peck, Silas Jones, Russell Morse. 
 1837 Salmon Ooddard, Russell Morse. 
 
 1840 Benoni Peck, Russell Morse, Joseph Estabrook. 
 
 1841 Arba Sherwin, Joseph Estabrook, Jarvis Davis, Luther 
 
 Harr'ngton. 
 
 1842 Peter Woodbury, Tarrant Cutler, Adriel White. 
 
 1844 Tarrant Cutler, Adriel White, George Peirce. 
 
 1845 Tarrant Cutler, Adriel White, George Peirce. 
 
 1846 Adriel White, George Peirce. 
 
 1850 Jarvis Davis, George Peirce, Otis Gale. 
 
 1852 Benjamin Fry, Otis Bemis, Daniel Davis. 
 
 1855 Jarvis Davis, Franklin Richardson, Lemuel Fales. 
 
 1857 Joseph Raymond, L. W. Partridge, Henry W. Bliss. 
 
 1858 Joseph Raj-mond, Henry W. Bliss, Jesse W. Wheeler. 
 
 1860 Tarrant Cutler, Elisha F. Brown, Joseph L. Perkins. 
 
 1861 William W. Clement, Richard Baker, Cyrus B. Reed. 
 
 1862 William W. Clement, Richard Baker, Cyrus B. Reed. 
 
 1863 William W. Clement, J. A. Rich, Hiram Harrington. 
 
 1864 WilUam W. Clement, J. A. Rich, Hiram Harrington. 
 
 1865 William W. Clement, J. A. Rich, Hiram Harrington. 
 
 1866 Daniel Davis, Edmund Stockwell, Benjamin H. Brown. 
 
 1867 Obadiah Walker, Edmund Stockwell, Cyrus B. Reed. 
 
 1868 Daniel Davis, Edmund Stockwell, B. H. Brown. 
 
 1869 Joseph Raymond, Tarrant Cutler, Jonas Turner 
 
 1870 J. L. Perkins, Jesse F. Wheeler, Henry Nichols. 
 
 1871 Daniel Davis, B. W. Rich, William W. Clement. 
 
 1872 William W. Clement, B. B. Murdock, E. T. Warner. 
 
 1873 WilHam W\ Clement, C. W. Day, E. T. Warner. 
 
 1874 William W. Clement, C. W. Day, Lyman Stone. 
 
 1875 W lliam W. Clement, C. W. Day, J. N. Bartlett. 
 
 1876 C. W. Day, John N. Bartlett, Joseph Walker. 
 
 1877 A. D. Raymond, A. A. Hyatt, A. M. White. 
 
J2 III STORY OK ROY ALSTON 
 
 1878 John N. Bartlctt, Joseph T. Nichols, Astiph M. White. 
 
 1871) Joseph T. Nichols, Caleb W. Day, Asiph M. White. 
 
 1880 Joseph T. Nichols, Caleb W. Day, Asaph M. Wliite. 
 
 1881 Joseph T. Nichols, Caleb W. Day, Asaph M. White. 
 
 1882 Joseph T Nichols, Asaph M. White, B. W. Rich. 
 
 1883 B. W. Rich, Asaph M. White, George E. Peirce. 
 
 1884 Joseph Walker, B. W. Rich, Asaph M. White. 
 
 1885 Alfred D. Raymond, John R Hale, William H Leathe 
 
 1886 Alfred D. Raymond, Roby R. Safford, Asaph H. White. 
 
 1887 Alfred D. Raymond, Asaph M. White, J. R. Hale. 
 
 1888 Alfrefl D, Raymond, C-aleb W. Day, William H. Leathe. 
 
 1889 Alfred D. Raymond, Caleb W. Day, William H. Leathe. 
 
 1890 Alfred D. Raymond, Roby R. Safford, George E. Peirce. 
 
 1891 Alfred D. Raymond, Caleb W. Day, George E. Peirce. 
 
 1892 Alfred D. Raymond, Caleb W. Day, George E. Peirce. 
 
 1893 Alfred 1. Raymond, William H. Leathe, Caleb W. Day. 
 
 1894 Alfred D. Raymond, Jeremiah A. Rich, Phinehas S. 
 
 Newton 
 
 1893 George E. Peirce Jeremiah A Rich, Luke B. Shepardson. 
 
 189(3 George E. Peirce, Jerem'ah A. Rich, Phinehas S. Newton. 
 
 1897 George E. Peirce, Jeremiah A. Rich, Phinehas S. Newton. 
 
 1898 William H. Leathe, Jeremiah A. Rich, John Davis. 
 
 1899 George E. Peirce, Alfred W. Neal, John Davis. 
 
 1909 George E. Peirce, Alfred W. Neal William H. Leathe. 
 
 1901 George E. Peirce, Alfred W. Neal, Willam H. Leathe. 
 
 1902 William H. Leathe, George E. Peirce, Alfred W. Neal. 
 
 1903 William H. Leathe, Levens G Forbes Charles H. Brooks. 
 1901 William H. Leathe, Charles H. Brooks, Levens G. Forbes. 
 1905 William H. Leathe, George E. Peirce, Charles H. Brooks. 
 1903 William H. Leathe, George E. Peirce, Edward G. Beals. 
 
 1907 George E. Peirce, Edward G. Beals, William H. Leathe. 
 
 1908 George ,E Peirce, William H. Leathe, Alfred W Neal. 
 
 1900 William H. Leathe, George E. Pierce, Eugene G. 
 
 Twitchell. 
 
 1910 George E. Peirce, William H. Leathe, Eugene G. 
 
 Twitchell. 
 
 1911 William H. Leathe, Eugene G. Twitchell, Levens G. 
 
 Forbes. 
 
 1912 William H. Leathe, Levens G. Forbes, Eugene G. 
 
 Twitchell. 
 
TOWN GOVERNMENT 33 
 
 1913 Levens G. Forbes, Eugene G. Twitchell, Myron E. 
 
 Stockwell. 
 
 1914 Eugene G. Twitchell, Myron E. Stockwell, Levens G. 
 
 Forbes. 
 
 1915 Myron E. Stockwell, Levens G. Forbes, Eugene G. 
 
 Twitchell. 
 
 Levens G. Forbes was born in Meriden, Conn., June 4, 1870. 
 His father died when he was two years old, and he went to live 
 with relatives in Branford, Conn., and came to Royalston in 
 March 1878. He lived in the west part of the town and attended 
 school at the City school. In December 1879 he went to live 
 with E. V. Nelson in the east part of the town, and has lived in 
 town ever since with the exception of two years in Orange. He 
 was married Oct. 1, 1895 to Cora E. Howe, and they have two 
 children, Mildred L , born in 1900 and Dorothy, born in 1907. 
 He has been active in town affairs was elected as moderator 
 of town meetings in 1900 and has held that position ever since. 
 He was elected on the board of Assessors in 1903 and 1904, 
 and has also served from 1911 to the present time, his term ex- 
 piring in 1917. He was elected as one of the Selectmen in 1914 
 but declined to serve. Was constable several years and has 
 held most of the minor town offices, and has been Superintendent 
 of the Improved Highway two years. He has been an Insurance 
 Agent for 15 years, and is a charter member of Royalston grange. 
 
 Myron E. Stockwell was born in Athol, Nov. 4, 1880. He 
 was educated in the public schools of Royalston and graduated 
 from Murdock school, Winchendon in 1899. He has held the 
 office of Assessor for three years, and has served several times 
 as a Highway Surveyor. He is a member of Narragansett Lodge 
 of Odd Fellows of Baldwinville and Royalston grange of which 
 he is Secretary. He married Iva Belle Bryant, April 21, 1909 
 and has one son, Mahlon Joseph, born March 12, 1915. 
 
 Eugene G. Twitchell, who has been a member of the Board 
 of Assessors for the last seven years commencing with 1909 
 was born in Athol Jan. 22, 1867, and has lived in the town of 
 Royalston twenty-three years. He married Nettie S. Clark 
 of Royalston. 
 
 They have one daughter, Eliza E., ten years of age. 
 
J^ HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 Joseph R. Eaton, town auditor in his report for the year 
 1866 says: "The Assessors' books are not without their lessons. 
 The decrease in agricultural products within the last forty years 
 is remarkable, though not more so in this town than in country 
 towns in general in New England. In 1828 the assessors reported 
 448 oxen, (Hon. Joseph Estabrook owning 139); 861 cows and 
 three years old, and 264 swine. Last year (1865) the assessors 
 found only 188 oxen, 557 cows and three years old, and 113 
 swine. From the Assessors' books of the last forty years, it is 
 not difficult to learn, very nearly, the general rate of productive- 
 ness of capital when invested in farming — in manufacturing — and 
 in interest bearing securities. In fact I had prepared a paragraph 
 on this subject, but as wise counselors advise its suppression, 
 I am thrown somewhat on to the position of Dr. Holmes, the 
 poet, who "never dares to write as funny as he can." I will, 
 however, venture to say that whoever estabhshes a profitable 
 manufacture in town should be considered a public benefactor." 
 
 Interesting facts gleaned from the Assessors' Reports covering 
 the last fifty-five years. 
 
 1860 
 
 Valuation of Real Estate, $514,913. 
 Valuation of Personal Estate, 305,072. 
 
 Total Valuation $819,985. 
 
 Whole number of acres from the survey 
 of 1831 including the additions since, 
 26,882. 
 
 Number of polls, 377 
 
 Horses, 201 
 
 Oxen, 238 
 
 Cows, steers and heifers, 1293 
 
 Sheep, 239 
 
 Swine, 120 
 
 Largest tax payers: A. H. Bullock, trustee for Mrs. E. B. 
 Ripley, $223,67; Barnet Bullock, $142.56; George Whitney, 
 $102.51; Joseph Raymond, $95.64; Joseph Estabrook, $93.32; 
 John Whitmore, $86.08; Elmer Newton, $65.94; Salmon S. 
 Farrar, $64.92; Silas Stone, $60.44; Orrin Thompson, $58.19. 
 
TOWN GOVERNMENT 35 
 
 1875 
 
 Valuation of Real Estate, ^83,045. 
 
 Valuation of Personal Estate, 206 061. 
 
 Total Valuation, $689,106. 
 
 Number of polls, 358 
 
 Horses, 224 
 
 Cows, 410 
 
 Sheep, 176 
 
 Dwelling Houses, 280 
 
 Largest tax payers: George Whitney Factory, $660.63; 
 Mrs. D. P. Clark, $374.38; George Whitney $196.72; Joseph 
 Raymond, S167.04; Joseph Estabrook, $163.10; Elmer Newton, 
 $151.44; Salmon S. Farrar, $133.79; Mrs. E. B. Ripley, $111.07; 
 First Parish, $94.38; Caleb W. Day, $86.10; Phinehas S. Newton, 
 $74.37; John W. Hale, $86.41; George Chase, $74.30; Aaron 
 Jones, $71.10; Barnet Bullock, .$83.69; A. D. Raymond, $64.41; 
 Jesse F. Wheeler, $63.79; Mrs. Mary E. Bullock, $63.75; George 
 Pierce, $61.79; Edmund Stockwell, $61.54. The rate of taxation 
 was $12.50 per $1000. 
 
 1885 
 
 Valuation of Real Estate, $503,670. 
 
 Valuation of Personal Estate, 158,665. 
 
 Total valuation $662,335. 
 
 Number of polls, 340 
 
 Horses, 226 
 
 Cows, 471 
 
 Sheep, 189 
 Cattle other than cows, 290 
 
 Swine, 132 
 
 Dwelling Houses, 271 
 
 Largest tax payers: George Whitney Factory Property, 
 $323.05; Mrs. D. P. Clark Estate, $175; George Whitney, $118.44; 
 Estate of Harriet M. Estabrook, $110.53; Caleb W. Day, $66.09; 
 Mrs. Henrietta Nutting, $64.75; Phinehas S Newton, $58.53; 
 Lyman L. Clark Co., $53.37; Rate of taxation $7 per $1000. 
 
J^ HISTORV OF ROYALSTON 
 
 1890 
 
 Valuation of Real Estate, $443,058, 
 
 Valuation of Personal Estate, 147.105. 
 
 Total valuation, $590,163 
 
 Number of polls, 335 
 
 Horses, 224 
 
 Cows, 529 
 
 Sheep, 50 
 
 Neat cattle other than cows 376 
 
 Swine, 100 
 
 Dwelling Houses, 273 
 
 Largest tax payers : George Whitney Factory, $474.98 ; 
 Phinehas S.Newton, $132.64: George Whitney, $1 12.70; Millard 
 W. White, $102.23 ; Mrs. Henrietta Nutting, $83.25 ; George 
 E. Whitney, $73.33; Caleb W. Day, $70.17; Lyman L. Clark, 
 $67.50; Franklin H. Goddard, $63.56; John W. Stockwell, 
 $54.54. Rate of taxation, $9 per $1000. 
 
 TOWN CLERKS 
 
 John Fry was chosen as the first Town Clerk in 1765 and 
 served to 1781, with the single exception of 1773 when Dr. 
 Stephen Bacheller was regularly chosen at the annual March 
 meeting, and records the doings of that meeting and one other 
 during the year but other records during the year are signed 
 by John Fry as town Clerk. The town clerks since then and 
 their years of service are as follows : 
 
 Peter Woodbury, 1782, '83, '84, '85, '86, '87, '88, '89, '91, '94. 
 
 John Bacheller, 1790, '92, '93. 
 
 Daniel Woodbury, 1795 '96. 
 
 Isaac Gregory, 1797, '98, '99, 1800, '06. 
 
 Samuel Goddard, Jr., 1801, '02. 
 
 Joseph Estabrook, 1804, '05, '08, '09, '10. 
 
 Stephen Bacheller, Jr., 1807. 
 
 John Norton, 1811, '14, '15, '16, '17. 
 
 Rufus Bullock, 1812, '13. 
 
 Thomas J. Lee, 1818, '21, '22, '23, '24. 
 
 Franklin Gregory 1819, '20 and from 1825 to 1836 inclusive. 
 
 Barnet Bullock, from 1837 to 1846 inclusive. 
 
TOWN GOVERNMENT J7 
 
 George F. Miller, 1847, '48, '49, '51. 
 
 Joseph Raymond, 1850, '52, '53. 
 
 Rufus Henry Bullock, 1854. 
 
 Charles H. Newton from 1855 to 1865 inclusive. 
 
 George F. Miller, 1866 to 1870 inclusive, 1873. 
 
 Joseph T. Nichols, 1871, '72. 
 
 Joseph Walker, 1874, '75, '76. 
 
 Dr. Frank W. Adams, 1877 to 1915 inclusive. 
 
 TOWN TREASURERS 
 
 The first Town Treasurer was Peter Woodbury, who served 
 from 1765 to 1770 inclusive. 
 
 Those who have served the town since, in that office have 
 been as follows : 
 
 Silvanus Hemmenway from 1771 to 1777 inclusive. 
 
 William Town, 1778, '79, '80. 
 
 Jonathan Sibley, from 1781 to 1808 inclusive. 
 
 EbenezerFry, from 1809 to 1824 inclusive. 
 
 Rufus Bullock, from 1825 to 1837 inclusive. 
 
 Benjamin Fry, from 1838 to 1854 inclusive, with the excep- 
 tion of 1840, when Joseph Estabrook served. 
 
 George Woodbury, from 1855 to 1857 inclusive. 
 
 Leonard Wheeler, from 1858 to 1864 inclusive. 
 
 Charles H. Newton, 1865. 
 
 Joseph T. Nichols, 1866. 
 
 Obadiah Walker, 1867 to 1873 inclusive. 
 
 Joseph Walker, 1874 to 1887 inclusive. 
 
 George E. Pierce, 1889 to 1899 inclusive. 
 
 Dr. Frank W. Adams, 1899 and 1900 to 1915 inclusive. 
 
 OVERSEERS OF THE POOR 
 
 In March 1899 John N. Bartlett made a gift of twenty 
 thousand dollars to the town of Royalston, in trust, the income 
 of which is for the benefit and support of the poor in the town 
 of Royalston, and at the March town meeting of that year, a 
 committee consisting of Caleb W. Day, one of the Overseers 
 of the Poor, with B. Warren Rich, Frank W. Adams and Phinehas 
 S. Newton, were chosen to receive and invest this fund. 
 
Jg HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 Since that time the Overseers of the Poor have had the in- 
 come of the Bartlett fund to expend for the poor of the town, 
 which for the year 1914 amounted to eleven hundred and fifty 
 dollars and forty cents. 
 
 The present board of Overseers of the Poor are, Charles A. 
 Stimson. Colin Mackenzie and Frank A. Brown. 
 
 The Committee on the John N. Bartlett Fund are: Colin 
 Mackenzie of the Overseers of the Poor, Frank W. Adams, 
 Phinehas S. Newton and Charles H. Brooks. 
 
 Charles A. Stimsoji was horn in Warwick May 17, 1856. 
 He lived in that town about twenty-five years, and came to 
 Royalston in 1882, when in company with George D. Bolton 
 he bought the saw mill at Doane's Falls. His father bought 
 out Bolton's interest about 1896, and the property was sold to 
 E. E. Dickinson of Buffalo, N. Y. in 1906. Mr. Simpson was 
 engaged in the saw mill business more or less for thirty-five 
 years, and has also been engaged in painting, carpenter work 
 and farming. His education was obtained in the district schools 
 of Warwick. He has been one of the Overseers of the Poor of 
 Royalston for sixteen years, being Secretary of the board most 
 of the time, and has also served as Constable. Is a member of 
 Star Lodge, F. and A. M. of Athol, and is a prominent granger, 
 having been Master of Royalston grange seven years, and held 
 various other offices in that orgainzation. Is also a member 
 of the Frankhn and Worcester Pomona Grange, of which he 
 has been Master, Lecturer, Assistant Steward and Treasurer, 
 and was District Deputy of the Massachusetts State Grange 
 for ten years. Has been chairman of the Republican Town 
 Committee. 
 
 He was married Nov. 14, 1885 to Sarah Madella Deane of 
 Royalston. They have had four children, Berle D., born Mar. 
 15, 1887, Gladys L., born July 30, 1888; Glen H., born Sept. 4, 
 1901 and Lawrence D., born Feb. 5, 1906, all being born in Roy- 
 alston. Gladys L. married W. E. Jackson of Athol June 23 
 1906. She died May 21, 1909. 
 
 Colin Mackenzie, a resident of Royalston since 1876, and a 
 prominent town official, is a son of Roderick and Janet (Braid- 
 wood) Mackenzie of Edinburg, Scotland. He was born Feb. 
 
COLIN MACKENZIE 
 
 LEVVENS G. FORBES 
 
 FRANKLIN A. BROWN 
 
 CHARLES A. STIMSON 
 
TOWN GOVERNMEMT J9 
 
 12, 1854 in Montreal, Canada, where he lived till the death of 
 his parents in 1870, when he went to Winchendon, Mass. 
 
 He attended Gushing academy two years, and after learning 
 the carpenter's trade came to Royalston in 1876, which has 
 ever since been his home. He was married Sept. 20, 1880 to 
 Miss Emeline Esther White of Royalston. They have two 
 children; Bessie Janet, born May 26, 1884, who is Principal 
 of a school, inNew Haven, Conn., and Harlan Roderick, born 
 Sept. 24, 1886, who is the Boy's Secretary of the Fitchburg, 
 Y. M. C. A. Mr. Mackenzie has been actively identified with 
 town offices, has held the office of Selectman for two years, and 
 now holds the offices of Overseer of the Poor, Board of Health 
 and Trustee of the John W. Bartlett fund. 
 
 Franklin Allen Brown, was born May 23, 1874 at Chelsea, 
 Mass. He spent his boyhood at Roxbury, Mass., where he at- 
 tended the Boston Public Schoo's. His first position was with 
 the Thomson Electric Welding Co., of Boston, and later was 
 employed by the Reece Button Hole Machine Co., of Boston. 
 He left that company in 1897 to work for the Nobscot Spring 
 Water Co. In 1901 he went to work for the Boston E evated 
 Railway Co., and in 1906 was given a position with the Boston 
 and Maine R. R,, in the signal department, where he is now 
 employed as an electric signal maintainer. He married Eliza- 
 beth D. Fay of Roxbury, Mass., Nov. 11, 1896, and they 
 have had eight children of whom three boys and three girls 
 are now Hving. He came to South Royalston in 1908, since 
 which he has held important town offices, serving as constable, 
 on the Board of Health and Overseers of the Poor. He is a 
 member of Corinthian Lodge No. 76, Knights of Pythias, Gen- 
 ernl Sheridan Gamp, 53, Sons of Veterans and a charter member 
 of South Royalston Grange. 
 
CHAPTER V 
 
 SCENERY OF ROYALSTON 
 and 
 INDIANS AND WILD ANIMALS 
 
 To the lover of natural scenery in its wild and picturesque 
 aspects, the town of Royalston presents attractions not surpassed 
 by many of the towns of Worcester County. High and rugged 
 hills, grand swells of excellent land, with beautiful streams of 
 water flowing through the intersecting valleys, make up the 
 general contour of the land. 
 
 Overlooking the surrounding country by its high elevation, 
 it has commanding eminences which look out over the surround- 
 ing country giving grand and beautiful views. To the north 
 grand old Monadnock, like a guardian angel, "majestic in might 
 and infinite leisure, rises grand in his height," while in the east 
 Wachusett stands out in bold relief, with Watatic further to 
 the north, and the high hills of Southern New Hampshire bound- 
 ing the view. To the west Mount Grace, not far distant, and 
 the more distant Green Mountain range are in view. Most 
 truly does the poet say. 
 
 "Ah that such beauty varying in the light 
 Of living nature, cannot be portrayed 
 By words, nor by the pencil's silent thrill; 
 But is the property of Him alone 
 Who hath beheld it, noted it with care 
 And in His mind recorded it with love." 
 The largest streams that water the territory of Royalston 
 are three brooks that have their sources in the wild regions of 
 the northerly part of Royalston, and in Southern New Hamp- 
 shire and flow from north to south through the town into Millers 
 River. 
 
 Priest Brook, the most easterly one, derives its name from 
 Joseph Priest. One of the first grants of Royalston territory 
 was located on both sides of this beautiful little river, and was 
 given in consideration of Priest having opened a half-way house 
 
SCENERY 41 
 
 between Worcester and Charlestown No. 4, and extending its 
 hospitalities to whoever might pass that way. Governor Bullock 
 in his address refers to the grant and the Brook as follows: 
 
 "The name attached to one of these grants has become a 
 part of the local geography and daily life of the town. Priest, 
 who received three hundred acres as a recognition of his loyalty 
 in extending the hospitality of his half-way house near the 
 easterly line of the town to all those who passed that way to 
 and from the French wars, will ever live in the beautiful river 
 which bears his name. And so long as the calm flow of its waters 
 shall continue, so long shall live the memories of that service 
 which associates your town with the pioneers and the rangers, 
 with the Lily of France, with Louisburg, with that fidelity to 
 the crown of our king in those days which I cannot but like, 
 with those wars for our royal George's which prepared and 
 •educated our fathers afterwards to overwhelm all kings in the 
 Revolution." 
 
 The name attached to the most central stream is supposed 
 to have been bestowed complimentary to William Lawrence, a 
 Commissioner authorized to sell and convey the township to 
 the proprietors. In 1753 the second meeting of the proprietors 
 was held at the Bunch of Grapes tavern in Boston, and a pre- 
 viously appointed committee reported that they had found a site 
 for the erection of mills on Lawrence Brook, one mile north of 
 the north line of "Pequoig", now Atbol. This was ten years 
 before a settlement was made in the township. 
 
 The third of these rivers waters a deep valley running nearly 
 across the town about a mile west of the Lawrence and is known 
 in the proprietors records only as Long Pond; its first appear- 
 ance with the present name of Tully is found recorded on the 
 town book in 1770, five years later after the town was incorpora- 
 ted. The source from which this name is derived seems to have 
 been a subject of much inqu'ry by antiquarians and writers. 
 Rev. Samuel Clark in his centennial address delivered at Athol 
 in 1850, gives a tradition that was commonly accepted for a 
 long time, that the name was derived from an Indian's dog 
 named Tully which in following a deer drove the animal over 
 the meadows into these waters, and while attempting to sieze 
 his prey, was struck a stunning blow by the fore foot of the deer 
 and held under the water until poor Tully was drowned. 
 
^2 HISTORY OF ROYALvSTON 
 
 The late James M. Crafts, a historical writer living in Orange 
 at one time, cites the names of persons living in Boston during 
 the latter part of the 17th century by the name of Tully, and also 
 says that, "It is more than probable that some one engaged in 
 some capacity with the surveyors, when this section was laid 
 out, for some reason now unknown, gave the mountain the 
 name of Tully, and so that attaches to the brook. The author 
 of this history while writing a historical sketch of the early 
 Methodists of Athol and Orange a few years ago, found the name 
 of Jemima Tully recorded on the first class paper of the Metho- 
 dist church dated Aug. 5, 1795, which shows that a family of 
 that name must at one time have been residents of that section. 
 
 The gorges and waterfalls of Royalston are finely described 
 by Professor Edward Hitchcock in his Geology of Massachusetts 
 published in 1841 as follows: 
 
 "There are at least three waterfalls connected with deep 
 gorges in Royalston, that are well worth the attention of those 
 who are fond of wild natural scenery. About a mile west of the 
 meeting house and center of the town, is a deep valley running 
 north and south, nearly across the town. Near the meeting house 
 is a pond which empties itself into this valley by plunging 
 rapidly down a steep declivity which must be eight hundred 
 or a thousand feet high. It then empties into another large 
 pond, or rather a remarkable expansion of a small tributary 
 of Millers River. At one part of the descent of the brook above 
 named, it falls at least two hundred feet by several leaps within 
 a distance of a few rods, forming several very beautiful cascades. 
 Here the original forests have not been disturbed. The trees 
 over-hang the murmuring waters, half concealing the stream, 
 while broken trunks are plunged across it in all positions. 
 
 In the extreme northwest part of the town, on the farm of 
 Calvin Forbes, a gorge and cascade exist of still greater interest: 
 one of the finest indeed in the state. The stream is not more 
 than ten feet wide at the spot, but it descends forty-five feet at 
 a single leap, into a large basin, which from its top had been 
 excavated by the erosion of the waters. The sides, to the hight 
 of 50 or 60 feet, are formed of solid rocks; now retreating and 
 now projecting; crowned at their summits by trees. Many of 
 these lean over the gulf, or have fallen across it; so that upon the 
 whole, the scene is one of great wildness and interest." 
 
SCENERY 43 
 
 Piofessor Hitchcock suggested that this beautiful waterfall 
 l)e named The Royal Ca.scade, partly in reference to the name of 
 i\\e town, and partly 'n reference to its royal character, but 
 
 FORBES FALLS 
 
 it has been more generally known as Forbes Fal's. At one lime 
 the proprietor of the property improved the surroundings by 
 building a railing around the falls, with a flight of stairs to go 
 below them, and seats, tables and swings in the grove adjoining 
 and the place was visited by thousands every season. For many 
 years an annual town picnic was held there with bands of music, 
 and they were great gala days for the surrounding towns for 
 miles around. 
 
 In regard to the third of these water falls Prof. Hitchcock 
 says: ''Two miles south of Royalston center, on the road leading 
 to Athol, is another cascade on a larger stream. Its width in- 
 deed, must be as much as twenty-five feet and the depth con- 
 siderable. In a short distance the water here descends at several 
 successive leaps, as much as two hundred feet between high walls 
 of gneiss and granite. Towards the upper part of the descent. 
 
// 
 
 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 several mills are erected, but a small part only of the water 
 power is employed. Below the mills, the stream passes into 
 the woods; and towards the lowest part of the descent, we get 
 a single view of two falls of about twenty-five feet each." 
 
 Prof. Hitchcock suggested that this might be denominated 
 the Republican Cascade, but it has been known for many years 
 
 DOANE'S FALLS 
 
 as Doane's Falls. Situated on the little stream called the Law- 
 rence, and near the road from Royalston to Athol it is the most 
 accessible to the traveler of any of the Royalston water falls. 
 
MINERALS 
 
 OLD ELM ON ATHOL ROAD 
 
 45 
 
 This grand old Elm with its wide spreading branches has 
 stood as a sent'nel for over a century. It was set out by John 
 Kendall and Moses Walker, and is to-day a grand monument 
 to their memory. The tree was at one time sold to Seth Holman 
 
 OLD ELM ON ATHOL ROAD 
 
 by Dea. Anger who lived in the house opposite the tree, and 
 Mr. Holman came to cut it down and use it in his manufacturing 
 establishment, but because of the pleas of the Deacon's wife 
 the tree was spared. 
 
 Another majestic elm stands by the old Silas Hale house 
 in South Royalston. This was set out by Stephen Hale in 1790. 
 
 MINERALS 
 
 Regarding the minerals of Royalston Professor Edward 
 Hitchcock says: "The region in the north part of the State 
 embracing the towns of Royalston. Athol, Orange, Erving and 
 Warwick appears to me to promise very much to one who has 
 leisure carefully to investigate its mineralogy. I feel as if the 
 exploration had yet only begun." 
 
^^ HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 The most important mineral found in Royalston is Beryl 
 (jf which Mr. Hitchcock says: "The recent discovery of a rich 
 locaUty of this mineral in South Royalston, enables me to place 
 it as the first and most abundant of all the gems of Massachusetts. 
 The specimens in the State Collection exhibit it in its natural 
 State, as well as cut and polished by the lapidary. When set 
 in gold, it is often much richer in appearance than the common 
 beryl, that goes by the name of aquamarine. Its color often 
 approaches nearer to the genuine emerald, though some speci- 
 mens have the peculiar color of aquamarine. Sometimes though 
 rarely, the color is a yellowish green, very much like the chry- 
 solite. Hundreds of specimens have already been obtained 
 from this spot; and the prospect is, that a vast many more may 
 be obtained. They occur in a vein of coarse granite, ten or twelve 
 feet wide, traversing gneiss; and the purest beryls are in the 
 quartz. It ought, however, to be remarked, that only a few 
 of the specimens are free enough from fissures to be advanta- 
 geously cut. Yet considering the large number of fine cabinet 
 specimens that have been, and probably can be obtained from 
 there, I apprehend that no locality of beryl hitherto discovered 
 in this country, can compare with this. My attention was first 
 directed to it by Alden Spooner, Esq., of Athol, who generously 
 furnished me with several fine specimens." He says further in 
 regard to this locality: "Probably since that time one or two 
 thousand specimens have been got out by myself and others; and 
 I hope the locality is not yet exhausted; although as the excava- 
 tion is now several feet deep much more labor is required to obtain 
 them." This description was made by Dr. Hitchcock three- 
 quarters of a century ago in his report as State Geologist pub- 
 Hshed in 1841. 
 
 Regarding the value of this gem, we might state that the 
 heryl is the name of a family, and the aquamarine is one of the 
 family, the golden beryl and the white or colorless are less valuable 
 commercially while the emerald is the most valuable of 
 all gems known, being several times the value of the diamond 
 on a basis of purity and cleanness. The emerald and the aqua- 
 marine are the more valuable and the latter is frequently called 
 by those "up" m mineralogical lines, and gem experts as "pre- 
 cious beryls." 
 
MINERALS 47 
 
 Regarding the early history of the first finding and working 
 of the Beryl Hill mine in the northeast part of the town, on 
 the farm formerly owned by C. W. Bowker of Worcester, we have 
 not much information. The mine is now owned by Mr. F. H. 
 C. Reynolds of Boston, who has owned it for several years and 
 has worked it each year to a somewhat limited extent, for scien- 
 tific and pleasure purposes. 
 
 Mr. Reynolds has satisfied himself that it is a wonderful 
 property and knows that it produces an exceedingly beautiful 
 quality of the variety of beryl known as the aquamarine. He 
 says that he has never seen such brilliant gems from any part 
 of the world w hile the color is exquisite. He has mined hundreds 
 of them, and disposed of some of the good sized stones as high 
 as a hundred dollars apiece, and has some in his collection that 
 have been valued by experts as worth three hundred dollars. 
 
 Mr. Reynolds describes the beryls on his place as being 
 found without exception in what we term ''bunches" that is, 
 they appear generally in groups of crystals. Once during the 
 last summer (1915) he opened probably a hundred crystals in 
 a space not more than three feet square at the most, and he 
 says that it was a wonderful sight. He has many crystals from 
 that find, and they have been greatly admired by some of the 
 most expert mineralogists of this country. 
 
 Mr. Reynolds is an expert on gems and has several properties 
 in other states and says in regard to Royalston beryls that as 
 to quality, beauty and brilliancy it will be a very difficult under- 
 taking to find their equal. 
 
 The United States Report of 1914 devotes a page to the des- 
 cription of this mine and the crystals that have been found there 
 it says: "Beryl of especially fine quality has been mined at 
 Beryl Hill, 2 1-2 miles N. 68 degrees E. of Royalston, Mass., 
 by F. H. C. Reynolds of Boston." After further describing 
 Beryl Hill the openings that have been made, the geological 
 structure of the mine, and other minerals found there the Report 
 concludes with the following: "The Beryl Hill gems range in 
 color from light to dark aquamarine, fine blue, yellowish green, 
 to golden. Many very fine bluish-green stones have been cut 
 and among those seen was a table-cut stone of 13 3-4 carats. The 
 blue beryls of better quality are rarely excelled by those from 
 other localities in brilliancy or beauty of color. Among cut 
 
4.8 HISTORY OF ROY ALSTON 
 
 gems of this quality a 12 1-2 carat brilliant cut stone was especial- 
 ially beautiful." 
 
 Among other minerals that Dr. Hitchcock found in Royalston 
 were: allanite of which he found a large number of crystals in 
 a bowlder of gneiss on the road from South Royalston to 
 Templeton; this mineral is essentially an oxide of cerium and 
 all the external character correspond to the allanite from 
 Greenland: Green stone may be found in a train of blocks in 
 the northwest part of the town. Of Mica, he says, "the most 
 perfect crystals of mica which I have found in Massachusetts 
 occur at the Beryl locality ui South Royalston. The crystals 
 are usually primary form, viz., an obhque rhombic prism, and 
 they vary in size from half an inch to two or three inches in 
 length. Another mineral found there, much more rare is Crich- 
 tonite, or Titanic Iron, which is in distinct crystals with the side 
 and angles truncated. The crystals of feldspar at that locality 
 were sometimes of remarkable size. 
 
 Among the other minerals besides beryl, the United States 
 Report mentions, muscovite in crystals up to three inches across, 
 a little biotite, black toumaline, and dark red garnets. 
 
 INDIANS AND WILD ANIMALS 
 
 No history of the early days of a New England town would 
 be complete without some stories of Indians or wild beasts and 
 game. We have been unable to find any reliable records from 
 which to make a good Indian story, while no hill, lake or stream 
 perpetuates the history of the Red Man. Writers of half a 
 century ago after making diligent search found nothing more 
 than a few probable stone arrow heads, pestles, etc., of their 
 handiwork, and some uncertain traditions of Redskins, seen 
 among the brakes and alders along the margins of our ponds 
 and streams, while Governor Bullock in his address at the 
 Centennial Anniversary says: "A precinct that bears no vestiges 
 of the aborigines and is in this respect so unlike the more southerly 
 towns, which had half a century of life crowded with Indian 
 traditions, that I can not find that those original lords ever 
 lighted a pipe or a fire here." James Babcock, who was one of 
 the early settlers of Royalston near the George Woodbury place, 
 was taken captive by the Indians while living in Athol in 1746 
 and was carried to Canada; on his return after living near Silver 
 
INDIANS AND WILD ANIMALS 49 
 
 Lake in Athol for several years he removed to Royalston being 
 among the early settlers. 
 
 But if the first settlers of Royalston had no Indians to con- 
 tend with they were abundantly supplied with bears, wolves, 
 and other wild animals. Bears crossed the woodman's path, 
 and alarmed the berry pickers in the clearings, while they 
 feloniously made way with sheep and calves from the pastures, 
 and broke into the folds by night taking their fill of choice mutton 
 and pork. Wolves were more numerous and dangerous than the 
 bears, though they soon left the town. The early settlers used 
 to see them in the evening twilight, stealing abroad, and in the 
 hours of breaking day returning to their coverts, generally 
 without noise and several of them together, following each other 
 in single file. In the night, however, they held high carnival 
 on the open meadows, and during the winter upon the frozen 
 ponds. Dea. Enos Metcalf, who lived on the high land just west 
 of Long Pond, used to describe their howling as frightful. Upon 
 visiting their rendezvous the next day, the grass or snow as 
 the case might be, would be trodden as though a flock of sheep 
 had been folded over the night on the spot. Woe to man or 
 beast abroad unprotected in the night. The wolves were almost 
 sure to be upon their track and hunt them down before morning. 
 
 Jonathan Bosworth, Jr., one of the early settlers in that part 
 of the town near the Winchendon line is said to have had a 
 lively time with the wolves one night, which he long remembered. 
 He was set upon by a pack of them as he was returning to his 
 home through the woods one night. He had with him a lighted 
 torch, and as they pressed upon him, he would turn and rush 
 among them with his flaming pine knot, scattering them in 
 wild confusion. He continued this manoeuver till he reached 
 a place of safety. According to one version of the story he took 
 refuge upon a huge boulder from the top of which he hurled 
 defiance upon his baffled and howling foes, till daylight admon- 
 ished them to disperse. The wolves even made l)old, when 
 pressed with hunger, to make their attacks in the broad day- 
 light. The late Benoni Peck, Esq., related an instance of this 
 kind. His mother, her husband being absent one day, and she 
 while engaged in her domestic affairs indoors, heard their first 
 and only cow bellowing as though in affright, or mortal pain. 
 She shut up her four little ones in the house, armed herself with 
 a pitchfork and hastened to the scene of disturbance, where she 
 
50 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 found the cow cornered among some logs, and a wolf rending 
 her. Mrs. Peck rushed upon the ferocious creature, employing 
 both lungs and fork with a will. The wolf beat a reluctant re- 
 treat and the cow, though badly mangled, was saved by the hero- 
 ism of her mistress. Many a poor beast that strayed from its 
 home or pasture, and failed of being hunted up by its owner, 
 paid the forfeit of its temerity with its life. Royalston like 
 many other towns, offered a bounty on wolves. We find on the 
 early town records the following action taken at a town meeting 
 held Nov. 27, 1780: Art. 5 — "Voted that any person belonging 
 in this town that shall kill a wolf, shall be entitled to 40 shillings 
 per head, old money, provided he kill said wolf or wolves within 
 two miles of the meeting house in Royalston. Voted to allow 
 Mr. Thomas Beal 3 pounds, old way, for killing wolves some 
 time back." 
 
 Wildcats, catamounts and panthers, were often heard in 
 the woods, and were sometimes seen and killed. 
 
 The Mt. Monadnock region was the stronghold of wild 
 beasts and the cattle pens of Southern New Hampshire and 
 Northern Worcester County were raided by these denizens of 
 the woods and mountains. The children were employed to 
 watch the herds by day and at night they were driven into strong 
 enclosures. The catamount was an especially formidable and 
 dangerous beast to encounter, and there were occasional instances 
 of the shooting or taking of these dangerous animals. Rev. 
 J. F. Norton in his sketch of Athol in Jewett's History of Wor- 
 cester County, tells of a catamount, the last of his race, which 
 was taken in a powerful steel trap, near the foot of Mt. Monad- 
 nock, which measured thirteen feet and four inches from the 
 nose to the end of the tail and for its stuffed skin the proprietors 
 of the Boston Museum are said to have paid forty-five dollars. 
 
 The bears were not considered as dangerous as the wolves 
 and catamounts, but were a great source of annoyance because 
 of their visits to the sheep folds and calves pens. Various modes 
 were adopted for punishing these marauders. At first there 
 were traps made of logs, and after a while iron traps were used. 
 Bear hunts were frequently organized, and the common enemy 
 was hunted down in this way. 
 
 The last bear hunt in Royalston took place in August, 1829, 
 and was graphically described by the late Daniel Davis in a 
 
WILD ANIMALS 5/ 
 
 newspaper article al)out eighteen years ago. A wild beast had 
 been seen by two or three in a wild territory lying southeast 
 of what is known as the "city." The next day a bear hunt was 
 organized and the people rallied from all quarters, hunters 
 from North Orange rendering assistance with dogs and guns. 
 The wild woodland territory was surrounded as well as the 
 number of men would permit. The dogs were let loose and 
 opened in the forenoon upon the wild an'mals' tracks when 
 forth speeds the bear and gives his pursuers a lively chase, 
 over rocks and ledges, through tangled swamps beneath black 
 pine and spoon wood thickets and over huge tree trunks scattered 
 around, until about the time of the setting sun reports of guns 
 are heard, and the hunters rally to the spot, where shots from 
 well aimed guns in the hands of Cyrus Davis and James Buffum 
 brought the wild beast to the ground. One of the hunters, 
 Adriel White, with less caution than curiosity, ventured too 
 near the infuriated animal and was siezed by one leg that would 
 have been badly mangled had not Mr. Buffum dealt a deadly 
 blow with his gun upon the bear's head that saved Mr. White 
 the use of all his limbs. The carcass was conveyed to the "city", 
 weighed and skinned and found to be in a lean condition, although 
 its weight was over two hundred pounds. The next day many of the 
 hunters gathered at the "city" and a season of joy and gladness 
 was passed; bear meat was cooked and eaten at Landlord Buf- 
 fum's tavern and some strong drink disappeared with it. Dr. 
 Stephen Bacheller had the bear's skin dressed and used it as a 
 robe many years in his one-seated vehicle. 
 
 Game abounded in the forests, while the ponds and streams 
 afforded good fishing. Deer were common, and many an antler 
 graced the cabins of the settlers while their larders could 
 frequently boast the savory venison. Wild turkeys were for a 
 long time met with in flocks of twenty, fifty or one hundred. 
 Asahel Davis shot in 1808 a wild turkey gobbler that weighed 
 20 pounds. The streams were once frequented by beavers as 
 is shown bv the remains of their dams. 
 
CHAPTER VI 
 
 CHURCHES OF ROYALSTON 
 
 It has been said that, ''a History of any New England town 
 withont an ecclesiastical chapter would surely be like the play of 
 Hamlet with the part of Hamlet left out." And this is especially 
 true as regards Royalston, for the Church is the foundation 
 upon which was built the characters of the men and women who 
 have made the History of Royalston illustrious as they have 
 gone out into the uttermost parts of the earth carrying the light 
 of the Gospel and Education to the people of all races and 
 color. Among the first men to subscribe their names to the 
 Church Covenant were the Moderator and Clerk of the 
 town, the three Selectmen, the Assessors and the constable- 
 Vital Godliness was so honored as not only to be held in general 
 respect but also by the blessing of God to bring into Church 
 fellowship, at an early period in the history of the town, leading 
 and influential members of almost all the families in town. 
 Religion won such a position and influence among the Fathers 
 of the town that Royalston had a reputation abroad for the 
 decided and consistent religious character, the intelligence, 
 stability and moral worth of her people as a whole. 
 
 FIRST CONGREGATIONAL CHURCH 
 
 In 1763, only one year after the permanent settlement of 
 the town began, the contract was made for the building of a 
 meeting house, and it was so far completed the next year (1764) 
 as to be opened for public worship. This first house of worship 
 was provided at the expense of the proprietors of the township, 
 and, though destitute of external pretensions or imposing 
 internal appointments, for nearly a third of a century it was 
 to the fathers "none other but the house of God.'" Hon. Isaac 
 Royal paid one-eighth of the cost of the meeting house besides 
 his own assessment as one of the company; he also gave the 
 church and ' congregation worshiping therein "a handsome folio 
 Bible, for promoting the decent, honorable and odvantageous 
 
FIRST CONGREGATIONAL CHURCH 33 
 
 reading of the Holy Scriptures in the public exercises of Divine 
 Worship.^' 
 
 Rev. E. W. Bullarcl in his historical address on the One 
 Hundredth Anniversary of the Church says: "To what extent, 
 and by what method, public worship was here maintained, from 
 the opening of the first meeting house till the town became incor- 
 porated it is now impossible to ascertain. Since the latter event, 
 however, down to 1831 , when the town and parish became distinct, 
 these matters were all attended to in open town meeting, and 
 consequently have their place on the Records of the town. 
 
 The town voted, assessed and appropriated, all monies 
 required for maintaining public worship, chose and instructed 
 committees to secure candidates, or occasional supplies, elected 
 warden, tithingmen and choristers, and at first, without, and 
 afterwards in conjunction wdth the church, invited the aid of 
 neighboring churches, for council on their ecclesiastical affairs 
 Thus we find among the records of a town meeting, that the 
 town appointed a ^^day of fasting and prayer to seek the blessing 
 of Almighty God on us in bringing forward this new town, and, in 
 special, in gathering and setting a church, and, in due time, giving 
 us a pastor after his own heart." 
 
 The day appointed was October 13, 1766, and on this clay 
 the Church of Christ in Royalston was embodied into a distinct, 
 particular and visible Church of our Lord Jesus Christ. The 
 council convened consisted of the Pastors and Delegates of 
 the First Church of Christ in Sutton, the Church in Acton, 
 the Church in Northfield, the Church in Warwick, and the 
 Church in Winchendon. The solemn Church Covenant was 
 signed by twelve men and four women, representing twelve famil- 
 ies. The names of these first church members are: Timothy 
 Richardson and his wife Alice; Samuel Barton and his wife 
 Hannah; William Pierce and his wife Mary; Nathan Wheeler 
 and his wife Mary; William Towne, John Fry, Isaac Nichols, 
 Nathan Cutting, Abraham Stockwell, Jonas Allen, Silas Cutting 
 and Benjamin Woodbury. The church being thus constituted, 
 the next thing was to secure a pastor. Several candidates were 
 heard, and finally, August 10, 1767, the town extended a call 
 to Mr. Theophilus Chamberlin; offering him a settlement of 
 £40 and the land (431 acres) originally appropriated for this 
 purpose by the proprietors; and an annual salary of £40. Mr. 
 
^^ HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 Chamberlain not being satisfied with these proposals, made 
 others of his own, which the town declined. 
 
 In the following December, Joseph Lee, in response to an 
 invitation of the town, came to Royalston to preach four Sab- 
 baths. The committee were instructed Jan. 4, 1768. to employ 
 Mr, Lee six Sabbaths longer; and on March 22d the church 
 unanimously voted him a call. With this call the town unani- 
 mously concurred April 11th; offering him as settlement, the 
 minister's land and £400, old tenor; an annual salary of "forty- 
 six pounds, six shillings and eight pence a year for the three next 
 following years; and sixty pounds, lawful money a year as long 
 as he remains our minister after that date." The call was ac- 
 cepted and Mr. Lee's ordination took place October 19, 1768. 
 The Church Records give the following minutes: 
 
 Royalston, October 19, 1768:^This day Joseph Lee was 
 ordained to the pastoral office over the Church of Christ in this 
 place;his relation to the Church of Christ in Concord having been 
 previously removed to the Church here. The churches convened 
 m council, and who assisted on the occasion, were the following: 
 The Rev. Aaron Whitney, pastor of the church in Petersham, 
 began the exercises with prayer: The Rev. John Swift, pastor of 
 the church in Acton delivered a discourse from 1 Tim. IV. 16. 
 The Rev. David Hall, pastor of the first church in Sutton, made 
 the prayer at the imposition of hands, and gave the charge. 
 
 The Rev. Lemuel Hedge, pastor of the church in Warwick 
 prayed after the charge, and The Rev. James Humphrey, pastor 
 of the church in Athol, gave the Right Hand of Fellowship." 
 Prior to the settlement of Mr. Lee, five persons including the 
 pastor elect, had been added to the church — all by letter — - 
 constituting a membership of 21; 15 males and 6 females. 
 
 Mr. Lee was born in Concord, May 12, 1742, graduated 
 at Harvard College in 1765, and preached to this people fifty 
 years, his half century sermon being his last. 
 
 Governor Bullock in his Centennial address gives this tribute 
 to Mr. Lee: "I count it the most fortunate of all the events of 
 your history that a man of good qualities by nature, and of 
 university education took his lot with the early settlers and 
 directed the conscience and judgment of the first two genera- 
 tions of the town. To the steadiness and unity of the influence 
 of that long and patient pastorate I ascribe largely the exemption 
 
REV. JOSEPH LEE 
 
FIRST CONGREGATIONAL CHURCH 55 
 
 from violent tendencies which has marked the community — the 
 uninterrupted, straight forwardp, lacid career of Royalston." 
 Three months before his death, being feeble and infirm, Mr. 
 Lee turned his attention to the thought of a colleague and suc- 
 cessor. On the last day of November, 1818, he called his church 
 around him, under his own roof. A day of public fasting and 
 prayer was appointed in which the congregation united in Dec- 
 cember when ministers Sabin and Estabrook, conducted the 
 services; immediately after which the church made unanimous 
 choice of Ebenezer Perkins as associate pastor. The invitation 
 was accepted, and the Council for ordination assembled on the 
 17th day of February, 1819, at the house of Joseph Estabrook, 
 but the venerable senior pastor had expired only a few hours 
 before, in the 77th year of his age, and the 51st of his ministry. 
 
 The church which begin with 16 members, and had but 21 
 at the date of Mr. Lee's settlement, had now received into its 
 fellowship 399, of whom 134 were males and 265 females, and 
 of living m3mbers, whose names were still inscribed on its rolls 
 "about 200." 
 
 The death of Mr. Lee vacated the pastoral office scarcely 
 for a single day, for Mr. Perkins having accepted the unanimous 
 call extended him by the church and town was ordained February 
 17, 1819, the day after the death of the first pastor. Rev. Cyrus 
 Mann of Westminster preached the sermon. Five days later 
 occurred the funeral of Mr. Lee. 
 
 Rev. Joseph Estabrook of Athol, at his special request 
 before he died preached the funeral sermom, from these words, 
 found in the last chapter and verse of Genesis — "So Joseph 
 Died." 
 
 Rev. Ebenezer Perkins, the second pastor, was born in Tops- 
 field, Essex County, and was a graduate of Dartmouth College. 
 He came to this church a young man, to succeed one who left 
 behind the veneration belonging to an official life of half a 
 century and Governor Bullock says of him "it is but justice 
 to his memory to say that not one out of a thousand men would 
 have succeeded so well and left a better record in the 
 town." He is described as of fine personal form, with a 
 free and dignified delivery of voice; a gravity of demeanor was 
 his rule in public appearance, but in private he was one of the 
 most social and agreeable of gentlemen. Mr. Perkins' pastorate 
 
5^ HISTORY OF KOYALSTON 
 
 continued through twenty-seven years. During this period the 
 parish separated from the town, having organized as a distinct 
 legal body, under the provisions of law, May 19, 1831, and 
 assumed the title which it still retains, "The First Parish, or 
 Congregational Society of the town of Royalston." Mr. Perkins 
 at his own request was dismissed in 1846, but continued to reside 
 in town till his death, which occurred suddenly Nov. 26, 1861, 
 at the age of sixty-eight. Under his ministry 254 were added 
 to the church. The membership as reported in the minutes 
 of the General Association of Massachusetts for Jan. 1, 1847, 
 was 148 — 45 males and 103 females. 
 
 The third minister, Rev. Norman Hazen, was settled in June, 
 1847, and died Feb. 13, 1852, having preached on the Sunday 
 previous to his death, although quite feeble at the time. He 
 was born in Hartford, Vt., Sept 7, 1814, and was the son of 
 Solomon and Deborah (Fuller) Hazen of that place. The 
 first of that name, and his ancestor, came to this country in 
 1649 and settled in Rowley, Mass. About 130 years later a 
 descendant of h's settled in Hartford, Vt., and established the 
 family name in that place. Norman Hazen graduated from 
 Dartmouth College in 1840. He then entered Andover Theo- 
 logical Seminary, graduating in 1844. His first charge was at 
 East Haverhill, Mass., and later at Ludlow, Vt., from which 
 place he came to Royalston. He married Martha Vose 
 of Atkinson, N. H., Sept. 14, 1845. They had three children, 
 two of whom died in Royalston, and the youngest, John Vose 
 Hazen, was born in Royalston Nov. 22, 1850. 
 
 Norman Hazen was a young man of superior education, but 
 of a slender body laboring under disease. Governor Bullock in 
 his centennial address says of him: ''I knew him somewhat, and 
 can freely say that his term here seemed a constant triumph 
 of the spiritual over the mortal." 
 
 Rev. Mr. Hazen was succeeded by Rev. Ebenezer Bullard, 
 who was installed Sept. 2, 1852. He came to the Royalston 
 Church from Fitchburg, where he had been pastor of the Cal- 
 vinistic Congregational Church from July, 1838, to June, 1852. 
 He was pastor of the Royalston Church for sixteen years. In 
 his historical address in commemoration of the One Hundredth 
 Anniversary of the Church, delivered Oct. 14, 1866, he says, 
 in regard to the fourteen years w^hich he had then served as 
 
TIRST CONGREGATION AT. CHXtrcH sy 
 
 pastor: "During these years one hundred and thirteen have been 
 added to the church, and the membership at the present time 
 is one hundred and thirty-one — thirty-nine males and ninety- 
 two females. The addition in th^se fourteen years, have equaled 
 wanting five, the whole membership at th* beginning of this 
 period; and yet the gain is only thirteen — so nearly have our 
 losses, by death and removals, kept pace with our accessions." 
 Mr. Bullard was popular in the civic and political life of the town, 
 represented the town in the Legislature of 1864, and was chair- 
 man of the Committee of fifteen, who had charge of the celebra- 
 tion of the 100th anniversary of the incorporation of the town, 
 held Aug. 22, 1865, He was also a member of the school com- 
 mittee for a number of years. After leaving Royalston, he was 
 pastor of the Church in Hampstead, N. H., for five years com- 
 pleting forty years in the ministry. After retiring from active 
 service he made his home with his daughter, Mrs. Charles S. 
 Bullock of Kill Buck, N. Y., where he died in 1898, and was 
 buried in Fitchburg. He was a brother of Rev. Asa Bullard, 
 long president of the Mass. Sunday School Society, and of Mrs. 
 Henry Ward Beecher. He was dismissed from the Royalston 
 •Church Nov. 9, 1865; thus for the first century of its existence this 
 church had only four pastors. The fifth pastor of the Church 
 was Rev. John P. Cushman who was installed Nov. 30, 1870, 
 and dismissed Dec. 4, 1872. His successor w^as Rev. Wilbur 
 Johnson who was installed June 3, 1874, when Rev. Dr. Perkins 
 of Ware delivered the sermon, Rev. Dr. Coolidge of Leicester, 
 the installing Prayer, Rev. Davis Foster of Winchendon the 
 charge to the Pastor, and Rev. Temple Cutler of Athol the 
 Address to the People. 
 
 The Seventh pastor of the Church was Rev. Milton G. Pond, 
 who was installed Oct. 2, 1884, Rev. G. R. W. Scott of Fitchburg 
 preaching the sermon. He had been pastor less than a year 
 when he died Sept. 23, 1885, of typhoid fever. This was his 
 first pastorate, he having just completed his studies at LTnion 
 Theological Seminary. He was a young man of high and noble 
 character, and entered upon his duties with a zeal and devotion 
 that made him speedily beloved and trusted. No pastor in 
 Royalston ever won in so short a time the confidence and affec- 
 tion of the people. 
 
 The next pastor to be ordained and installed as pastor of 
 the First Congregational Church was Rev. Judson Wade Shaw, 
 
58 
 
 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 the event taking place on June 30, 1887. This was the first 
 pastorate of Mr. Shaw, he having formerly been an agent for 
 school books. Soon after the commencement of his pastorate 
 it was claimed that he was preaching doctrines contradictory 
 to the creed and belief of the Orthodox church, and a division 
 arose in the church. On June 16, 1889, Mr. Shaw read his 
 resignation to take effect July 30, and on July 8 a council was 
 held which had been called by the church and parish, which 
 granted Mr. Shaw a dismissal, after a pastorate of about two 
 years. 
 
 Rev. Augustus M. Rice who succeeded Rev. Mr. Shaw, was 
 born in Granby, Oswego County, N. Y., Dec. 2, 1842. His 
 father removed to the territory of Minnesota in 1854. In Nov., 
 1862, he enlisted in the First Minnesota Cavalry and served as 
 corporal until Dec, 1863, when he was mustered out. He was 
 graduated from the University of Wisconsin at Madison in 1870, 
 and from the Chicago Theological Seminary in 1873. He was 
 ordained for the ministry at Little Campton, R. 1., where he 
 remained seven years. In 1875 he married Anna T. Cowen of 
 Little Campton, who died in 1895. He held short pastorates 
 at West Tisbury and Dover, Mass., and came to Royalston 
 in 1890, and served as pastor of the 1st Congregational Church 
 until 1893. He was called to the Congregational church in 
 Sturbridge, Mass., the same year, where he remained nine years. 
 He was married to Isabelle E. Brown of Royalston, then a 
 teacher in Everett, Aug. 17, 1898, and in 1903 became pastor 
 of the church in Dunstable, Mass., remaining there seven years. 
 In Feb., 1911, he returned to Royalston where he still resides. 
 
 The tenth pastor was Rev. Francis J. Fairbanks, who had 
 recently closed a several years pastorate in Amherst, Mass. He 
 commenced to preach for the Church in Royalston on the last 
 Sunday in September, 1893, and closed his labors the last Sunday 
 in September, 1909, a period of sixteen years, this pastorate 
 being the longest since that of Rev. Mr. Bullard. The installa- 
 tion services were held Dec. 20, 1893, and the council for dis- 
 mission Sept. 20, 1909. During this period forty persons were 
 received nto the Church, twenty-six were dismissed and thirty- 
 six removed by death. 
 
 Mr. Fairbanks is a graduate of Amherst College, class of 
 1862, and his theological studies were pursued at Princeton 
 
/ 
 
 REV. NORMAN HAZEN 
 
 REV. FRANCIS J. FAIRBANKS 
 
 DEA. JOSEPH WALKER 
 
 GEORGE WOODBURY 
 Singer in the choir for forty year- 
 
FIRST CONGREGATIONAL CHURCH 59 
 
 and Union Seminaries. He was ordained and installed pastor 
 of the Church in Westminster, Vt., Aug. 31, 1864, and has been 
 in the pastorate fifty years. His pastorates are: Westminster, 
 Vt., 7 years; Ayer, Mass., 2 years; Paxton, 3 1-2 years; West 
 Boylston, nearly 8 years; Seymour, Conn., 1 year; Amherst, 
 Mass., 7 years; Royalston 1st Church, 16 years; 2d Church 
 6 years. Among his published works are an historical sketch 
 of Westminster, Vt., in the Vermont Gazetter, 1885, and a 
 number of special sermons, together with numerous reports 
 of School Committee and Library trustees, and a large amount 
 of correspondence for the public press. Before entering college 
 he took the course in the State Normal School at Westfield 
 and taught for a number of years in the public schools of Massa- 
 chusetts, in Ashby Academy, Young Ladies Institute, Jersey 
 City, and has aided several young men in their preparation for 
 college. He served many years on the School Board and as 
 Supervisor of public schools in Paxton and West Boylston, Mass., 
 and on the School Board in Royalston, and during his residence 
 in this town has served continuously as trustee of the public 
 library. He was the first president of the "Royalston Old Home 
 Week Association," and also the first president of "The Fair- 
 banks Family in America." Mr. Fairbanks is a native of Ash- 
 burnham, son of Emory and Eunice (Hay ward) Fairbanks, 
 and a lineal descendant of Jonathan Fairbanks who settled in 
 Dedham 1636, and of William White, one of the Pilgrims of 
 the Mayflower. He married May 1, 1865, Abbie Smith Russell, 
 and to them have been born four sons and one daughter; of the 
 two sons now living, Ernest Hayward is a patent lawyer, a 
 graduate of Worcester Academy, Worcester Polytechnic In- 
 stitute and Columbia University Law School, Washington, D. 
 C, and is a member of the firm Wiedersheim and Fairbanks, 
 Solicitors of Patents, Patent Attorneys, Philadelphia. Herbert 
 Stockwell Fairbanks is a graduate of the Mass. Agricultural 
 College, Amherst, is a patent attorney and connected with the 
 above firm. The daughter, Alice Russell, received her education 
 at Amheist High School and Smith College, Northampton, and 
 is the wife of Willliam A. Frye, Royalston. 
 
 Rev. Charles G. Fogg, pastor of the church from 1910 to 
 1915, was born in Westbrook, Maine, June 28, 1868, and re- 
 ceived his early education in the public graded schools of Bridg- 
 
()0 HISTORY OF ROYALSTOlSr 
 
 ton Centre, Me. He graduated from Bridgton Academy in 
 1886, and then entered the employment of Simons, Hatch &: 
 WhUten, wholesale men's furnishers of Boston, and later was 
 engaged in other business in Boston. He entered Bangor Semi- 
 nary in the fall of 1891. gi-aduating in 1894, and then entered 
 the junior class in- Bowdoin College from which he graduated 
 in 1896. In December of the same year, he became pastor of 
 the Congregational churches of Port Mills and West Fairlee, Vt., 
 for three 3^ears, and was then pastor of the Congregational church 
 of Union, Conn., for three and one-half years. In 1903 with his 
 wife he took up special Home Missionary work under the Maine 
 Missionary Society at Outer Long Island in Penobscot Bay.. 
 From 1903 to 1908, he was pastor of the Congregational church 
 of Staffordville, Conn., going from there to West Tisbury on 
 Martha's Vineyard and to Royalston in 1910. 
 
 Jan. 12, 1898, he married Nellie Marie Burnham of Somer- 
 ville, Mass. They have one son, Edwin Willard Fogg. 
 
 Rev. Clarence Pike^ the present pastor,, commenced his duties 
 as pastor July 4, 1915. He was born in North Waterford, Maine, 
 Dec. 16, a son of E. B. Pike, M. D., who afterwards l>ecame a 
 Congregational minister. His home until nineteen years of age 
 was in several towns of Maine and after that in New Hampshire, 
 He graduated from Dartmouth College in 1880, and attended 
 Union Theological Seminary in New York one year, and then 
 went to Andover, Mass., Theological Seminary where he gradu- 
 uated in 1883, and also took a fourth year of study in that 
 Institution. From 1884 to 1891, he was pastor of the Union 
 Church in Amesbury, Mass. From 1891 to 1895, was pastor 
 of a double charge in Underbill and Jericho, Vt. For twelve 
 years commencing with 1895, he was pastor of the First Church 
 of Mansfield, Conn., and for seven of these years was Acting 
 Visitor in the schools of that town. From 1907 to 1911, he was 
 pastor of the Church in Ashland, Mass., going from there to 
 Milton, N. H., where he served from 1911 to 1915, and came 
 to Royalston July 4, 1915. He was married July 6, 1887, to 
 Caroline E. Thompson of Durham, N. H., and has one daughter 
 who graduated from Wellesley College in 1912, and since then 
 has been a teacher in the High Schools of Salem and Delphi, N, Y. 
 
 It is a remarkable coincidence that the two old churches of 
 Royalston, the First Congregational at the Centre and the Bap- 
 tist at West Royalston, both being organized within a year or 
 
SECOND CONGREGATIONAL CHURCH, SOUTH ROYALSTON 
 BAPTIST CHURCH, WEST ROYALSTON 
 
 FIRST CONGREGATIONAL CHURCH, ROYALSTON CENTRE 
 
FIRST CONGREGATIONAL CHURCH (,1 
 
 two of each other, are also both occupying their fourth House of 
 Worship, and the third meeting house of each Society was also 
 destroyed by fire. 
 
 The third meeting house of the First Congregational Society 
 after being in use only about ten years was burned to the ground 
 on the morning of Jan. 15, 1851, the origin of the fire having 
 always remained a mystery. But the people rallied at once, and 
 addressed themselves with enthusiasm to the erection of this 
 their fourth sanctuary. 
 
 Regarding this church building, Rev. E. W. Bullard in his 
 Historical Discourse, delivered on the One Hundredth Anni- 
 versary of the church says: "On Jan. 15, 1852, the first anniver- 
 sary of the destruction of their former house, this edifice, excelling 
 all the others, stood complete, and its dedication was kept with 
 joy. Amateurs have admired it as a model of what a rural 
 sanctuary should be — beautiful for situation, beautiful in itself, 
 and sustained in all its parts and appointments. It certainly is 
 the feature of this comely village; an honor to our town, and a 
 witness to the good taste and liberality of its proprietors." 
 
 During the pastorate of Rev. Wilbur Johnson the old parson- 
 age which was the residence of Mr. Lee was moved away in 1874, 
 and a fine house was erected on the site. 
 
 The old house and one acre of land was purchased for one 
 thousand dollars by Miss Candace Bullock and presented to 
 the Society. She also gave six hundred dollars towards the new 
 building. The cost of the new parsonage was five thousand 
 five hundred dollars. Among those who contributed largely 
 towards the erection of the building were : 
 
 Mrs. Candace Bullock $1600 
 
 Mr. and Mrs. William D. Ripley 791 
 
 Mrs. D. P. Clark 691 
 
 Joseph Estabrook 291 
 
 Chauncey Chase 500 
 
 Barnet Bullock 200 
 
 Joseph Raymond 100 
 
 George Whitney 491 
 
 George Chase 100 
 
 Maynard Partridge 85 
 
 Phinehas S. Newton 75 
 
 Elmer Newton 50 
 
(5? HISTORY OF ROY ALSTON 
 
 The parsonage is overshadowed by a magnificent old elm set 
 out by Rev. Joseph Lee. 
 
 In 1858, under the will of Hon. Rufus Bullock, then lately 
 deceased, the Society received the liberal legacy of five thousand 
 dollars, the interest of which shall be forever paid and applied 
 annually or semi-annually, for the support of preaching in said 
 society. 
 
 THE CHURCH BELL 
 
 The securing of a bell for the Meeting House was an important 
 event to the people of Royalston, and we find the following on 
 the Town Records regarding it: 
 
 "An invitation to the benevolent Lihabitants of the Town 
 of Royalston to subscribe money for procuring a Bell for the 
 East meeting house in said Town. We the Subscribers, Inhabi- 
 tants of Royalston believing it would be of great convenience 
 and utility to the Inhabitants of said Town, and would in a 
 degree add to its respectability, to procure a bell and attacli 
 it to the East meeting house, do cheerfully subscribe and promise 
 to pay the several sums affixed to our names for the purpose 
 above mentioned; provided the bell be purchased in the following 
 manner and of the size hereafter mentioned — 1st. We are desir- 
 ous to procure a bell of medium size with Bells in common 
 Country towns, and one that can be warranted good if possible — 
 2d. We desire that every Subscriber be notified to meet at 
 Joseph Estabrook, Esq's, as soon as there is money enough 
 subscribed for the purpose intended and then and there to choose 
 some suitable person or persons to carry this subscription into 
 effect — and for the present this subscription is to remain in 
 the hands of Joseph Estabrook, Esq. 
 
 Royalston, May 22, 1811. 
 
 This paper was headed by Joseph Estabrook who subscribed 
 S50, followed by 44 names the subscription amounting to $453. 
 
 At a meeting of the Subscribers it was voted that there 
 should be a record made on this Book of the Subscription paper 
 — the names of those who subscribed and the sums — as there were 
 a few who did not pay at the time it has been deferred to the 
 present time. 
 
 RUFUS BULLOCK ,Town CI ^^ k. 
 
STATUETTE OF THE ANGEL GABRIEL 63 
 
 Royalston, February 17, 1814. 
 
 In the warrant for the annual town meeting of that year 
 there was an article "To let the ringing of the bell or act there- 
 on," when it was voted to raise $15 for Ringing the Bell. 
 
 STATUETTE OF THE ANGEL GABRIEL 
 
 In 1797 the primitive church building which had comfortably 
 served the people from the incorporation of the town was removed 
 and an edifice more commodious and of a higher type of archi- 
 tecture was erected in its place. When the structure was 
 completed it was found that a balance of around sixty-five 
 dollirs, according to tradition, remained in the treasury. The 
 
 STATUETTE OF THE ANGEL GABRIEL 
 
 good people pondered over the matter, and wishing no doubt to 
 beautify their church edifice and give it at the same time a 
 striking pre-eminence, placed an order for the statuette illus- 
 trated in this article. It was not chiselled from marble or 
 moulded from plaster but beautifully carved by a skilful artist 
 
()4- HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 from a huge block of first growth pine, and is all in one piece 
 with the exception of the slender trumpet in the right hand. It 
 is thirty-three inches high and nineteen inches in breadth across 
 the wings. A niche was made high up in the wall back of the 
 pulpit and in this recess the Angel Garbiel was placed and rested 
 in security for nearly half a century, the cynosure of all eyes 
 and the wonder of the rising generation. 
 
 The church building of 1797, stood on the Common near 
 the present highway and facing south, but in 1840 the good 
 people either having once more outgrown their edifice or wishing 
 a longer and broader sweep of common land, decided after 
 much deliberation to take down the house of 1797, and erect 
 a new one "in good modern stile" according to the old record 
 on a site further west where the present church building now 
 stands. 
 
 After the old building had been completely dismantled, 
 the Angel Gabriel was discovered one day by the good Deacon 
 Seth Holman, according to his son's statement, "on a pile of 
 waste". The Deacon rescued the discarded relic and carried 
 it tenderly to his own home. Meanwhile the parish had waxed 
 indifferent toward their former idol. They either considered 
 that it smacked of graven images or distracted the attention 
 of the congregation from the preacher and his message and no 
 move was made to have the image reinstated in its former honored 
 position. This attitude of the parish was fortunate for the 
 perpetuity of the statuette, for the building then erected was 
 destroyed by fire only eleven years later. Gabriel, therefore, 
 became a permanent member of the household of Deacon Holman 
 and his posterity and accompanied them when the family re- 
 moved from Royalston in the late sixties. In 1903, on the occa- 
 sion of Royalston's first "Old Home Day," Mr. George W. 
 Holman of Fitchburg, thinking that the statuette, after its 
 exile of more than sixty years, had now become a historical 
 relic of great value, restored it to the old Parish and the unveiling 
 of it before the large audience at that reunion was one of the in- 
 teresting features of the day. The photograph of this work of 
 art, connected so intimately with the history of the local church, 
 has therfore been awarded what it has so richly deserved, a 
 place in the history of Royalston 
 
THE BAPTIST CHURCH 55 
 
 THE BAPTIST CHURCH 
 
 In a Half-Century Discourse preached Oct. 19, 1818, by 
 Rev. Joseph Lee, first Congregational minister of Royalston, 
 this statement occurs:— "When I first came into town in Decem- 
 ber, 1767, there were 42 or 43 families in the place; and ten of these 
 were of the Baptist denomination, who had a teacher and main- 
 tained religious worship by themselves. They some years 
 afterwards built a house for their own use, which, after a number 
 of years was taken down, and an elegant meeting house was 
 erected by them near the Northwest limits of the town." 
 
 The old records of this Church give an account of how and 
 why this branch of the Church was formed as follows: "The 
 following lines is to give a brief account how the Church of 
 Christ was gathered in Royalston agreeable to the Baptist Con- 
 stitution — and also of theirs — which is as follows: 
 
 Whereas God in His Providence has cast the lot of a number 
 of Baptist brethren and sisters in Royalston belonging to several 
 churches, which are situated at a great distance from us so that 
 we can not enjoy church privileges with them but seldom. 
 Therefore we consider it to be our duty and our greatest privilege 
 to strive by the assistance of God's grace to embody into a church 
 among ourselves that we may enjoy the Privileges which 
 Christ hath purchased for his children. And for the same 
 purpose we met together and held a conference meeting and 
 being so far agreed in this thing that we sent to the church of 
 Christ in Thompson under the pastoral care of Elder Whitman 
 Jacobs to dismiss such of us as was under their watch and care 
 to assist us in Imbodying into a church among ourselves and in 
 answer to our request they sent us their elder and by him sent 
 us a dismission and gave us full Uberty to Imbody among our- 
 selves (and Brother David Morse of Sturbridge met with us 
 at the same time whom we gladly received into our meeting), 
 the brethren being met together at the same time June, ye 19th, 
 1767. Then held a conference meeting but did not imbody in 
 a church because some which we expected to joyn with us was 
 not met with us so we adjourned our meeting to ye 18th day of 
 September insuing, expecting that Elder Whitman Jacobs to 
 meet with us on our adjournment (Thomas Chamberlin, Jun., 
 was baptized by Elder Jacobs, June ye 20th, A. D. 1767) but 
 Elder Jacobs did not meet us on our adjournment so we remained 
 
66 
 
 HISTORY OF KOYALSTON 
 
 in the s.xrae ease till the 10th day of March, 1768. Then being 
 met together by appointment to consider of our present circum- 
 stances' and it was concluded by the major part of us that it 
 was our duty to strive to Imbody into a church among ourselves. 
 Not because we did not esteem it a very great privilege to have 
 assistance from some other church or churches, but because we 
 had been long waiting for Elder Jacobs to assist us, but in Provi- 
 dence he was hindered from coming, therefore we thought it 
 not expedient to wait any longer for assistance but adjourned 
 our meeting to ye 2ith day of March, instant, then being met 
 together and acted on our adjournment and came to a full 
 conclusion that by the assistance of God's grace to Imbody 
 into a church, and adjourned our meeting to the Seventh Day 
 of April, insuing, then being met together and the major part 
 of us were still of the same mind, but some could not act be- 
 cause they feared they were not true believers in Christ, so we 
 acted nothing except that we chose Brother Asa Jones Scribe, and 
 adjourned our meeting to the 25th day of April, instant, then 
 met together on our adjournment and labored with those brethren 
 that could not act with us in our last meeting, and our labours 
 seemed to be blest for the strengthening their faith, so we ad- 
 journed our meeting to the 5th day of May, insuing, and being 
 met together to act on our adjournment, then renewed our 
 fellowship by giving a relation of our Christian experience one 
 to the other and gave up ourselves afresh to God and each other, 
 promising by the assistance of God's grace to watch over one 
 another and to admonish one another in the fear and love of 
 God and to act as brethren together in Christ, thus we Imboded 
 together in church order, viz., of the brethren Isaac Estey, 
 Thomas Chamberlin, Jun., Elisha Rich, Asa Jones, Jacob Estey, 
 John Chamberlin, of the sisters Sarah I^stey, Charity Cham- 
 berlin." 
 
 Thus after these various attempts, for nearly a year to 
 Imbody, the Baptist Church of Royalston was organized with 
 eight members, being the 5th Baptist church in Worcester 
 County and the 22d in Massachusetts. A month later Thomas 
 Chamberlain, Simeon Chamberlain, Lois Chamberlain and 
 Mary Marsh united with the little band, and soon after they were 
 joined by Naphtali Streeter and Eliphalet Moore, and after- 
 wards by other kindred spirits until when a century had passed 
 not less than six hundred different persons had been connected 
 
THE BAPTIST CHURCH 67 
 
 with this church. The records state that "May ye 19th, 1768, 
 the brethren by appointment met together to converse concern- 
 ing brother Elisha Rich's Improvement amongst us and being 
 satisfied that he had a gift to preach the gospel, whereupon we 
 desired him still to Improve his gift with us and also to lead in 
 church meetings." Elder Elisha Rich continued to be the teacher 
 of the Baptist people about two years when he moved to Chelms- 
 ford, where he was ordained in 1774, and in 1795 he was preach- 
 ing in Pittsford, Vt. 
 
 The first settled pastor of this church was Rev. Whitman 
 Jacobs who was installed Dec. 13, 1770, after a successful 
 pastorate of twenty years in Thompson, Conn., from which 
 place many of the Baptist families that settled in Royalston 
 had come. He was a native of Bristol, R. I., of the unadulter- 
 ated Roger Williams stock. He was pastor sixteen years and 
 resigned in 1786. It is stated that his connection with the church 
 as pastor was terminated on account of the position that he 
 took regarding Shay's Rebellion, the minister favoring the 
 Government side, while most of the church sympathized with 
 Shay, and such a controversy arose in the church that Mr. 
 Jacobs was dismissed. Soon after he became pastor at Guilford, 
 Vt., where he was preaching in 1795. Elder Jacobs was living 
 with his son, Joseph, in Royalston when he died, March 28, 
 1801. His salary while pastor of the Royalston church was 
 fifty dollars per year. His descendants have been among the 
 prominent citizens of the town. 
 
 On the installation of the first pastor, Isaac Estey and Thomas 
 Chamberlin were appointed and duly qualified to the office 
 of Deacons and Asa Jones was chosen Scribe. 
 
 The first meeting house built by this Society was located 
 upon the margin of those beautiful meadows bordering Long 
 Pond: "a point in one respect as (Elder Kenney says in his 
 historical address) at least, more favorable from which to unfurl 
 the Baptist banners than any since occupied by this Church, 
 because, like "Enon, near to Salim, there was much water there." 
 Rev. Silas Kenney says regarding this building: "But when that 
 house was built, or who were the principal actors in the enter- 
 prise, are questions which the records do not solve. Certain 
 it is that the house continued to be occupied as a place of worship 
 till near the time when the other elegant house mentioned by 
 Minister Lee, was built." It was probably erected some time 
 
(,g HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 between 1779 and 1783. This building was about 36 by 40 
 feet in size. 
 
 The successor of Elder Jacobs was Elder Moses Kenney of 
 Dublin, N. H. The call of the Church was extended March 
 21, 1789. The call being accepted the Church proceeded to 
 make arrangements for his support. It was voted, first to hire 
 a farm for Brother Kenney to live on, for the present year, and 
 then to build him a house during the year, Kenney received 
 ordination, both as pastor of the Church and as an evangelist, 
 to itinerate a part of his time in the region round about, Oct, 
 1, 1789. He was dismissed from ministerial labors Jan. 28, 
 1796, and died in Royalston April 23, 1800, at the age of 47 
 years. Rev. Isaac Kenney, brother of Moses Kenney, from 
 Richmond, N. H., was pastor of the church about a year. After 
 this the church was destitute of a pastor for several years and 
 had to depend on private "gifts" and occasional pulpit supplies. 
 From time to time the Deacons and in some instances private 
 brethren, were appointed to lead in worship in the pubUc meet- 
 ings. May 24, 1798, a movement was made to constitute a 
 Baptist church in Warwick, and to set off a portion of the mem- 
 bers of this church, to build a church of "livelj' stones" in that 
 place." Twenty-two members accordingly signified their wish 
 to form themselves into a new Church in Warwick, and they 
 were dismissed agreeably to their request. After preliminary 
 measures had been attended to, an ecclesiastical council con- 
 vened at the house of Bro. James Kelton in Warwick Jan. 
 16, 1799, and proceeded to constitute the new Church. From 
 the formation of the Church in W^arwick, the book of records 
 loses sight of the old church in Rx^yalston for a considerable 
 period. The church had ceased to occupy the old meeting house 
 as the place of public worship, and were actually making pre- 
 parations to build another house. Their religious services for 
 some time were held in a large hall in the house of Brother 
 John Jacobs, formerly known as the Garfield place at the City, 
 The Church voted Aug. 8, 1801, to invite Elder Levi Hodge to 
 take the lead of the church and "break unto them the bread 
 of life." He was installed in June, 1802, and in June of the 
 following year, measures were taken, by appointing a joint 
 committee of brethren from the Church in Warwick and the 
 Church in Royalston, to bring about a re-union of the two 
 churches, and as the result, a council was called by whose judi- 
 
THE BAPTIST CHURCH 69 
 
 cious advice, these feeble intersts became one Church under 
 the cognomen of the Royalston and Warwick Baptist Church. 
 The terms of union were well defined, one of which was that in 
 respect to the location of a new meeting-house which had now 
 become necessary, the old Church should meet the brethren of 
 Warwick on the spot now known as the old Baptist Common in 
 the northwest part of Royalston. According to the advice of 
 the Council a church building was erected there. The size of 
 the church was about 40 by 60 feet, with 24 feet posts, finished 
 within and without, according to the most advanced tastes of 
 the times. This was the building referred to by Parson Lee 
 in his half century sermon preached in 1818, as "a new and 
 elegant meeting-house." It was dedicated in January, 1805.. 
 
 The sermon was preached by Elder Elisha Andrews of Tem- 
 pleton, who rode from home with his wife on the same horse. 
 Mrs. Isaac Gale, mother of Hon. S. C. Gale, in her reminiscences 
 of her early days, says: "I sang at the dedication, I remember 
 there was a row of singers from the front on the treble side clear 
 down to the pulpit." This was the only time the building was 
 ever filled. It was on the occasion of the raising of this meeting- 
 house, that it is said, the prayer of Elder Hodge was heard at 
 the distance of half a mile. 
 
 Rev. Mr. Hodge served as pastor until his death in 1819. 
 He had a salary of -150 per year, afterwards increased to .$55, 
 then to $60, and when it had reached $75, he procured an additional 
 horse for his wife to ride to church upon. He lived on a farm 
 in Warwick and used to say his salary just kept his horse shod. 
 At the end of the minutes of the Leyden Association we find 
 the following: 
 
 "We announce to the Church the death of Elder Levi Hodge, 
 pastor of the Baptist Church of Royalston and Warwick. He 
 was faithful in his charge, unspotted in his life and beloved by 
 his flock. The memory of the just is blessed." 
 
 The successor of Elder Hodge was Rev. Joseph M. Graves 
 of Wendell, a young man with a family, and a shoemaker by 
 trade; he was ordained Jan. 10, 1821. The field of Elder Graves's 
 labors m this place extended over the whole territory now occu- 
 pied by the three churches into which the people of his charge 
 have since become divided. His work continued for a term of 
 four years, when at his own request he was dismissed. Probably 
 not less than a hundred members were added, while a large 
 
yO HISTORV OF ROYALSTON 
 
 number died, twelve were dismissed and five excluded. During 
 his pastorate the congregation on fair weather Sundays is said 
 to have numbered 300 or more. 
 
 Rev. Asaph Merriam succeeded Bro. Graves. He was set 
 apart to the work of the ministrj^, in conjunction with two 
 others, who were ordained as evangelists Sept. 29, 1825. He 
 officiated as pastor of the Church about five years, when at his 
 request, he was dismissed Nov. 30, 1830, enjoying the unquali- 
 fied respect and esteem of his people. Elder Thomas Marshall 
 was the next pastor called and was installed April 20, 1831. 
 His stay was brief, efforts being made during his pastorate to 
 have the meetings given up in the west part of the town and 
 removed to the Centre. He was dismissed and recommended 
 on the last Tuesday in February, 1833. The Church was now- 
 dependent on occasional supplies till the spring of 1835. when 
 on April 13, Elder Henry Tonkin became pastor; he resigned 
 his care of the Church in the spring of 1837, and on Sept. 3d, 
 of that year. Elder Silas Kenney was constituted pastor by the 
 simple vote of the Church. Rev. Silas Kenney was born in 
 Sutton, June 12, 1797. His father was a farmer of Sutton, 
 and was of Scotch-Irish descent, his ancestor Daniel Kenney 
 coming to America with the first of the Scotch-Irish emigration 
 in 1718. He was the popular pastor of this church for upwards 
 of twenty years being dismissed at his own request in April, 1858. 
 He was also popular among his townsmen representing the town in 
 the Legislature of 1848. In his Centennial address Governor 
 Bullock speaks well of his ability and faithfulness. 
 
 Rev. S. Cutler of Grafton, became pastor Sept. 19, 1849, and 
 remained such over two years, until the time of his death Jan. 
 25, 1861, and in May following Rev. L. Tandy assumed the watch 
 care of the Church, a position which he filled for five years. 
 Rev. J. D. Miller was called to the pastorate and was ordained 
 April 27, 1866; at the end of one year he gave place to Rev. C. 
 Brooks, who entered upon his work in April, 1867, being the 
 
 fifteenth pastor of the Church. Later ministers have been: 
 
 Rev. L. Wheeler, 1869; Rev. Z. W. Kemp, 1871; Rev. A. V. 
 
 Clark, May, 1874, to April, 1878; Rev. Tilson and Bro. L. F. 
 
 Shepardson supplied during 1878; W. F. Slocum, 1879; no 
 
 pastor in 1880; Rev. J. H. Parmelee, 1881; supplied by Bro. 
 
 E. Hatfield in 1882; no pastor in 1883; Rev. J. T. vSraith, D. D.. 
 
 Nov., 1883, to April, 1887; no settled pastor from April 1, 1887, 
 
THE BAPTIST CHURCH 71 
 
 to April 1, 1888; Rev. Andrew Dunn, April, 1888, to May, 1891; 
 Rev. John W. Denno, May, 1891, to Sept., 1892; Rev. George 
 L. Ruberg, Dec, 1892, to April, 1897; Rev. E. 0. Taylor, May, 
 1897, to Jan., 1901; Rev. H. T. Slocum, July, 1901, to May, 1906; 
 Rev. C. B. Williams, Nov., 1903, to Oct, 1909; Rev. W. J. Halse, 
 Feb., 1910, to March, 1914; Harold W. Curtis stated supply 
 June, 1914, to Sept., 1915. The present pastor is Rev. R. C. 
 Eaton, who commenced his duties Oct., 1915. 
 
 The second House of Worship served the purpose of this 
 church until August, 1846, when the pastor. Rev. Silas Kenney, 
 says: "On the last Sabbath in August we took leave of our large 
 and once elegant meeting house, as a place of worship, when an 
 appropriate discourse was delivered by the Pastor giving the 
 outlines of the history of the church from its earliest organiza- 
 tion to the present time. Next day we commenced the sad 
 work of taking down the long cherished edifice." 
 
 The third church of the Society which was erected in that 
 part of Royalston known as the "City", was dedicated Dec. 
 3, 1846, and was the home of this church for almost half a century 
 when it was destroyed by fire Dec. 23, 1894, having been occu- 
 pied as a place of worship longer than either of the other meeting 
 houses. The members of this little church although few in 
 numbers were not disheartened, but soon commenced making 
 plans for rebuilding. A building committee was appointed 
 consisting of the Pastor, Rev. Geo. L. Ruberg, Luther E. Stewart 
 Luke B. Shepardson, Albert Whaland and Geo. A. Bemis. 
 The Committee organized with George A. Bemis as Chairman, 
 Luther E. Stewart secretary, and Luke B. Shepardson treasurer. 
 
 Work was soon commenced on the erection of the building 
 and in a little more than a year, the present beautiful little church 
 edifice was ready for dedication which took place on Feb. 19, 1896, 
 when a good number of the members of the church, with their 
 friends from surrounding towns were present. Rev. Geo. L. 
 Ruberg, pastor of the church was president of the day and the 
 services of the afternoon opened with an organ voluntary with 
 Emil H. Bemis of Holyoke as organist. The invocation was 
 by Rev. J. H. Mansfield of the Athol Methodist church. Rev. 
 F. J. Fairbanks of the Royalston Congregational church read 
 scripture selections, George A. Bemis gave the report of the 
 building committee and Rev. J. N. Shipman of the Athol Baptist 
 
72 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 Church offered prayer. Rev. C. H. Spaulding of Boston preach- 
 ed the sermon from the text, ''The Lord hath done great things 
 for us." The Prayer of Dedication was by Rev. W. H. Eaton and 
 the Address by Rev. Dr. Eaton. One of the anthems of the 
 afternoon, "I was Glad" was composed for the occasion by E. 
 H. Bemis and the benediction was by Rev. Daniel Shepardson. 
 
 Interesting exerc'ses were also held in the evening. 
 
 The cost of the building was about Four Thousand dollars, 
 of which Two Thousand dollars was given by Joel Gates of 
 Burlington, Vt., a native of West Royalston; Elbridge Boyden 
 of Worcester was the architect; Herbert S. Goddard of Athol 
 gave the organ and Lyman Stone of Royalston a clock. 
 
 It seems that the matter of singing was a subject of conten- 
 tion in the churches of the olden times as well as the present 
 day. The old records show the following action taken in 1791: 
 "Voted that the singers do sing the old tunes in the former 
 part of the day and such tunes as they please in the after part 
 of the day by reading two lines at a time only, the last singing, 
 and then to sing without reading." 
 
 For many years Dea. Enos Metcalf had charge of the singing 
 in the old meeting-house under the hill, and when he requested 
 that the custom of lining off the hymns be dispensed with, 
 many of the people left the meeting-house. The excitement ran 
 quite high, and the introduction of some new tunes added fuel 
 to the flame. 
 
 Although this little church has not had more than fifty 
 members at any time for fifty-five years, yet it has given to 
 America as follows: Nine soldiers to the Revolution, sixteen 
 soldiers to the War of 1812, thirty-one soldiers to the Civil War, 
 twenty-nine ministers of the Gospel, six ministers' wives, one 
 governor, one hundred and sixty-eight public school teachers, 
 and scores of efficient members sent to other churches. 
 
 THE BAPTIST CHURCH AT ROYALSTON CENTER. 
 
 Owing to the trouble in the West Royalston Baptist Church 
 eleven members of that church including the Church Clerk, were 
 granted letters of dismission March 27, 1836. These with seven 
 others sought membership in the Athol Baptist church and were 
 received May 11, 183G. The same day these with five 
 others asked to be established as a branch of the Athol church 
 
:baptist rnuRCH at ROYALSTON CENT"RE 
 
 73 
 
 in Royalston Centre and the request was granted. Elder Simonds 
 pastor of the New Boston (Royalston and Winchendon) church, 
 assumed pastoral charge over them and continued until his 
 death seventeen months later. Regarding this church Governor 
 Bullock says that the Baptists bought out the property of a 
 Union Society on the southeast corner of the Common and for 
 
 OLD BAPTIST CHURCH AT ROYALSTON CENTRE 
 
 some time kept up a church quite large in its numliers having 
 at one time one hundred and twenty members. This church 
 severed its connection with the Athol Church Oct. 27, 1839, 
 and on Nov. 14, 1839, a Council met and duly established the 
 church. 
 
 Wm. G. Lord in his history of the First Baptist Church 
 of Athol says: "In the heyday of its existence this church 
 numbered eighty-five souls, but its life was short and its end a 
 gradual death. Its last report to the association was in 1855, 
 but it was kept on the list of churches until 1860, when verbal 
 information to the association that the members were gradually 
 taking letters to other churches led the association to drop the 
 name from the roll. Many of the members sought affiliation 
 
J4. HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 with the Athol church where they remained constant and loyal 
 until their death, others affiliated with the West Royalston 
 and New Boston churches. Rev. Lysander Fay of Athol was 
 one of the pastors of this church for several years. 
 
 In 1863 the church building was sold and moved from its 
 original location to near the north end of the Common where 
 it served for many years as a barn or stable for Col. George 
 Whitney, and is now used as headquarters for the fire depart- 
 ment of Royalston Centre. 
 
 FREE DONATION SOCIETY 
 
 A religious Society known as the Free Donation Society of 
 Royalston, existed in the first half of the 19th century, which 
 had a considerable following. Of their religious belief and the 
 character of their services we have no definite knowledge. The 
 names of the members of this Society would indicate that the 
 memViership of this organization was composed mostly of those 
 living in the west part of the town. Their meetings were held 
 in school houses. 
 
 The first record we have of this Society is a certificate of 
 the members in 1820, which reads as follows: 
 
 We certify that Jonah Walker, .James Walker, Calvin Walker, 
 John Hill, Moses Garfield, Solomon Peck, 2d, Jonas Brewer, 
 Lewis Brewer, Russell Ballon, Luther Ballou, Wesson Ball, 
 Benjamin W. Bliss, Abel Bliss, Walter Erskine, Calvin Peck, 
 David Fisher, Jason Fisher, Joseph Davis, Benjamin Thurston, 
 Elisha Kingsley, of the town of Royalston, are members of the 
 Religious Society in the Town of Royalston Called Free Dona- 
 tion. 
 
 Dated this first Day of May, A. D., 1820. 
 ABEL BLISS, 
 
 MOSES GARFIELD, Committee. 
 SOLOMON PECK, 2d, 
 Other certificates of membership are recorded up to 1827. 
 We have seen no records of their meetings and it is safe to 
 assume as Governor Bullock says in his Centennial address 
 that when the third articles of the Bill of Rights was so changed, 
 about 1832, as to invest every citizen with the right to contribute 
 to any religious society, or to none at all, according to his 
 volition, this class of organizations disappeared from the town 
 and have left no record behind. 
 
CHAPTER VII 
 
 POLITICAL 
 
 A town meeting was held September 1, 1808, at which the 
 business was, ''To hear and consider a letter from the Selectmen 
 of Boston, respecting; Petitioning the President of the United 
 States to suspend or procure the repeal of the existing Embargo 
 Laws, or act anything thereon they may think proper." 
 
 Ammi Faulkner was moderator, and it was voted to Petition 
 the President of the United States relative to the Embargo 
 Laws of which the following is a copy: 
 
 "To the President of the United States. The inhabitants 
 of the Town of Royalston in legal town meeting asseml)led most 
 respectfully approach the Chief Magistrate of our Nation, 
 and beg leave to lay before him this, our petition and request, 
 and would most humbly represent that we view with the 
 deepest concern the effects of the Present existing Embargo 
 Laws upon this Nation, and more particularly the eastern 
 part thereof, as we think the effects are there more severely 
 felt; it will be unnecessary to detail to your Excellency the 
 many and various evils resulting from the total suspension of 
 Commerce among which is the great loss to the revenue of the 
 L^nited vStates. This small section of your citizens are mostly 
 Husbandmen. They sensibly feel the effects of the Embargo 
 in the reduced prices of the surplus of the produce of their 
 Farms and the enhanced prices of tho^e things which have be- 
 come necessarys and conveniences of Life, and which the people 
 of this country have been in the habit of importing; likewise 
 the reduced price of laliour and the discouragement of our young 
 men from purchasing and clearing new land for the want of a 
 market for the prorlace thereof. Sir, we assure you that we 
 have ever been quiet and peaceable Citizens and have uniformly 
 manifested our patriotism and respect for the laws and Govern- 
 ment of our Country. But so distressing are the embarrassments 
 produced by the Embargo that we can not contemplate its 
 continuance without serious and alarming apprehensions. 
 Your petitioners, therefore, pray that the eml^argo in whole 
 
7(5 HISTORY OF ROYALSTOK 
 
 or in part may be suspended according to the powers vested in 
 tlie President by the Congress of the United States. 
 
 By order for and in behalf of said meeting, 
 
 AMMI FAULKNER, Moderator. 
 Attest, JOSEPH ESTABROOK, Town Clerk. 
 
 Town of Royalston, County of Worcester and Commonwealth 
 
 of Massachusetts, 
 
 September 1, 1808, 
 
 At ancrther Town Meeting held the following winter on 
 Feb. 23, 1809, with Ammi Faulkner as Moderator, the citizens 
 of Royalston speak with no uncertain tone regarding the con- 
 dition of public affairs, and their right to discuss in public Town 
 Meetings the measures of Government, 
 
 A committee of five consisting of Joseph Estabrook, Stephen 
 Bacheller, Jr., John Norton, Isaac Metcalf and Rufus Bullock 
 are chosen to draft a petition. It was voted to adjourn the 
 meeting one hour, at the expiration of which this committee 
 presented a petition of which the following is a copy: 
 
 "To the Honorable, the Senate and the House of Represen- 
 tatives in General Court assembled, being the honourable the 
 Senate and house of Representatives of the Commonwealth 
 of Massachusetts. The inhabitants of the Town of Royalston 
 legally assembled in Town Meeting for the purpose of taking 
 into consideration the present unprecedented and very alarming 
 situation of our public affairs. Humbly represent that when 
 there is a derilection from the first principles, when there is a 
 practical separation from what is warranted by the constitution 
 in those that lead in Government, then there is a call to vigilance 
 to prevent the progress of the evil. 
 
 Notwithstanding it has been recently estimated from high 
 authority that the people in Town Meetings, are not capable of 
 judging of the propriety or impropriety of the measures of 
 Government, and that there are stages when an end must be 
 put to debate, yet so long as as we consider our National and 
 State constitutions the law of our land, we shall, agreeably to 
 the rights therein secured to us which rights we are determined 
 never to rehnquish, take the liberty in all important matters, 
 particularly when those rights are invaded and trampled upon, 
 to assemble in orderly and peaceable manner to make our griev- 
 ances known and to use all proper and constitutional means to 
 
POLITICAL 77 
 
 have them redressed. We have seen with anxiety a system of 
 measures pursued which has paralyzed Industry and enterprise, 
 discouraged our farmers and embarrassed our merchants, 
 brought distress upon all classes of our people and produced the 
 greatest temptations for an illicit trade perhaps ever known. We 
 are firmly attached to our National and State Constitutions 
 and cheerfully pledge our lives and everything we hold dear 
 to support them. We are also firmly attached to a union of 
 the states and should view with horror and detestation any 
 attempts to sever them or to discountenance that friendship 
 and harmony that ought to subsist between them. In our 
 opinion the several acts laying an Embargo, more particularly 
 the late law to enforce it, are unconstitutional and tyranical 
 beyond all former example in this country, and unprecedented 
 in any except those that are completely despotic, as it unites 
 in the same person legislative, executive and judicial powers, 
 subjects our houses to unreasonable searches and seizures upon 
 the mere suspicion of an uncertain dependent, and renders the 
 innocent equally liable to suffer with guilty subjects as in fact 
 to a military despotism, and produces a long train of evils, 
 abuses and usurpations to which in our opinion it would be 
 criminal for free men patiently to submit without remonstrance, 
 and indeed if they do willingly submit they become voluntary 
 slaves. 
 
 We are firmly attached to our State Legislature and highly 
 approve of their measures the present session, and I'equest 
 them to preserve with firmness and use their influence with 
 our national government to abandon a system of measures 
 destructive to our National prosperity, and we renewedly pledge 
 our lives and fortunes in support of our just rights and National 
 Independence, but we do not feel willing to proffer our all in 
 support of an unnecessary war for the gratification of any party 
 and in duty bound will ever pray. 
 
 Voted to accept the above petition and dissolve said meeting." 
 
 J. ESTABROOK, Town Clerk. 
 
 The first Representative to the General Court, from Royal- 
 ston was chosen. May 27, 1776; and at the last town meeting 
 warned in his majesty's name. The next meeting was held, 
 Sept. 20th of the same year, but the warrant was issued under 
 
78 
 
 HISTORY OF ROYALSTOK 
 
 the authority of a different name, as follows: ''In the name of 
 the Government and People of the State of Massachusetts Bay 
 in New England." 
 
 After 1776, the town did not send a Representative again 
 till 1780; but from that time with a few exceptions, there has 
 been a regular succession, generally but one, sometimes two, 
 annually, down to 1857. Since then, the District System has 
 prevailed and Royalston has been associated with other towns. 
 The General Court used to convene annually on the last Wednes- 
 day in May — the old election day — when the Governor and 
 Government elect, for the ensuing year, were inaugurated. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES TO THE GENERAL COURT 
 
 Timothy Richardson, 1776. 
 
 John Fry, 1780, '83, '84, '85, "87. 
 
 Jonathan Si))ley, 1783. 
 
 Peter Woodbury, 1788, '89. 
 
 Oliver Work, 1792. 
 
 Isaac Gregory, 1794, '95, 1801, '03, '08, '07, '08. 
 
 Phihp Sweetzer, 1798. 
 
 John Norton,, 1800, '13, '14. 
 
 Joseph Estabrook, 1809, '10, '11, '12, '15, '16, '17, '25. 
 
 Squier Davis, 1823. 
 
 Rufus Bullock, 1820, '21, '27, '28, '29. 
 
 Stephen Bacheller, Jr., 1826, '30. 
 
 Frankhn Gregory, 1831, '33. 
 
 Benjamin Brown, 1832, '45. 
 
 Asahel Davis, 1834. 
 
 Russell Morse, 1835, '36, '39. 
 
 Arba Sherwin, 1835, '37, '39. 
 
 Benoni Peck, 1836, '37. 
 
 Salmon Goddard, 1838. 
 
 Benjamin Fry, 1838, '40, '54. 
 
 Cyrus Davis, 1840. 
 
 Hiram W. Albee, 1843, '46, '52, '53. 
 
 Barnet Bullock, 1844. 
 
 Silas Kenney, 1848. 
 
 Elmer Newton, 1849. 
 
 Joseph Raymond, 1850, '51. 
 
 Tarrant Cutler, 1855. 
 
POLITICAL 79 
 
 Jarvis Davis, 1858. 
 Joseph Estabrook, 1857. 
 
 The twenty-first article of the amendments to the Consti- 
 tution was adopted by the Legislatures of 185(3 and '57, and 
 ratified by the people in 1857. Under the provisions of the 
 amendment the towns of Royalston and Athol constituted 
 the Second Representative District of Worcester County, and 
 were represented until the next apportionment as follows: 
 
 Isaac Stevens, of Athol, 1858. 
 
 George Whitney, of Royalston, 1859. 
 
 Nathaniel Richardson, of Athol, 1860. 
 
 Elisha F. Brown, of Royalston, 1861. 
 
 Farwell F. Fay, of Athol, 1862. 
 
 Alpheus Harding, Jr., of Athol, 1863. 
 
 Ebenezer W. Bullard, of Royalston, 1864. 
 
 Calvin Kelton, of Athol, 1865. 
 
 Wm. W. Clemtnit, of Royalston, 1866. 
 
 Under the apportionment of 1866, based on the census of 
 1865, the same towns constituted the same district, and were 
 represented until the next apportionment as follows: 
 
 Alpheus Harding, of Athol, 1867. 
 
 Jeremiah A. Rich, of Royalston, 1868. 
 
 Thomas H. Goodspeed, of Athol, 1869. 
 
 Benjamin H. Brown, of Royalston, 1870. 
 
 Ozi Kendall, of Athol, 1871. 
 
 George H. Hoyt, of Athol, 1872. 
 
 George H. Hoyt, of Athol, 1873. 
 
 Jeremiah A. Rich, of Royalston, 1874. 
 
 Edwin Ellis, of Athol, 1875. 
 
 William W. Fish, of Athol, 1876. 
 
 Under the apportionment of 1876, based on the census of 
 1875, the same towns constituted the Eighth Worcester District, 
 and were represented until the next apportionment as follows: 
 
 Joseph Walker, of Royalston, 1877. 
 
 J. Sumner Parmenter, of Athol, 1878. 
 
 Leander B. Morse, of Athol, 1879. 
 
 Russell S. Horton, of Athol, 1880. 
 
 Ira Y. Kendall, of Athol, 1881. 
 
 Henry M. Humphrey, of Athol, 1882. 
 
 Frank W. Adams, of Royalston, 1883. 
 
§0 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 C. Frederick Richardson, of AthoL 1884. 
 
 Washington H. Amdsen, of Athol, 1885. 
 
 Benjamin W. Rich, of Royalston, 1886. 
 
 Under the apportionment of 1886, based on the census of 
 1885, the towns of Athol, Royalston and Phillipston, constituted 
 the First Representative District of Worcester County, and 
 have been represented as follows: 
 
 Sidney P. Smith, of Athol, 1887, 1888. 
 
 John D. Holbrook, of Athol, 1889. 
 
 C. Waldo Bates, of Phillipston, 1890. 
 
 Lucien Lord, of Athol, 1891. 
 
 Charles A. Crossman, of Athol, 1892. 
 
 Col. George Whitney, of Royalston, 1893. 
 
 C. Waldo Bates, of PhiUipston, 1894. 
 
 Harding R. Barber, of Athol, 1895, 1896. 
 
 Under the apportionment of 1896, the same towns consti- 
 tuted the First Worcester District and during this decade the 
 District was represented as follows: 
 
 Wm. H. Mellen, of Athol, 1897. 
 
 Oscar T. Brooks, of Athol, 1898. 
 
 Phinehas S. Newton, of Royalston, 1899. 
 
 Charles A. Carruth, of Athol, 1900, 1901. 
 
 Edmund C. Shepardson, of Athol, 1902, 1903. 
 
 Fred W. Lord, of Athol, 1904, 1905. 
 
 James H. Hutchins, of Phillipston, 1906. 
 
 In the apportionment of 1906, two towns were added, and 
 the First Worcester District now consists of Athol, Royalston, 
 Petersham, Dana and Phillipston, and the Representatives 
 under the apportionment have been: 
 
 James Oliver, of Athol, 1907, 1908, 1909, 1910. 
 
 Merrick E. Hildreth, of Petersham, 1911. 
 
 Ernest Warren Tyler, of Athol, 1912, 1913. 
 
 Fred W. Cross, of Royalston, 1914, 1915, 1916. 
 
 In addition to the Representatives to the Legislature, those 
 who have represented Royalston in the State Government 
 and Conventions have been: 
 
 Henry Bond, Delegate to the First Provincial Congress, in 
 1774. 
 
 Nahum Green, Delegate to the Second Provincial Congress, 
 in 1774. 
 
POLITICAL 81 
 
 Henry Bond, Delegate to the Concord Convention for Stat- 
 ing prices, 1779. 
 
 Silvanus Hemenway, Delegate to the First Constitutional 
 Convention, 1770. 
 
 At the town meeting at which it was voted to send Mr" 
 Hemenway as the Delegate to the Convention at Cambridge' 
 ''Mr. Lee, Esq. Batcheller, Lieut. Davis, Lieut. Allen and Jacob 
 Estey were chosen a committee to give the Delegate instructions.' 
 
 John Fry was elected Mr. Hemenway's substitute for the 
 Convention of 1780. 
 
 John Fry, Delegate at the Ratification of the Constitution 
 of the United States in 1788. 
 
 Royalston has furnished three State Senators, Joseph Esta- 
 brook, who died during his term of office, 1828. 
 
 Rufus Bullock, 1831 and 1832. 
 
 Col. George Whitney, 1863 and 1864. 
 
 Col. George Whitney in addition to representing the town in 
 
 the Legislature, both in the House and Senate, was also a mem- 
 ber of the Governor's Council for the years 1873, 1874, 1875, 1876 
 and 1877, five consecutive years, when he declined to stand 
 longer as a candidate for the office. The vote at the election 
 in 1875, to serve in 1876, as recorded in the office of the Secretary 
 of State is George Whitney, 24,318; scattering, 7. The vote 
 at the election in 1876, to serve in 1877, recorded as above is 
 George Whitney, 33.354, and no votes against him. It is doubt- 
 ful if any other man in the Commonwealth has a like record 
 of unanimity at any election where 30,000 or more ballots have 
 been cast. 
 
 Royalston has also furnished Worcester County with some 
 of its most able and popular officers: Edward A. Brown was 
 appointed Jan. 20, 1876, as County Treasurer to fill an unex- 
 pired term of Charles A. Chase, who had resigned, and was 
 re-elected at the expiration of each three years term of office 
 until 1912, when he declined to be a candidate for another term. 
 He served continuously for a period of thirty-six years, a longer 
 time than any other Treasurer of Worcester County has ever 
 served. 
 
 William O. Brown was elected County Commissioner of 
 Worcester County in 1868, and re-elected six times. He com. 
 
g2 HISTORY OF ROYALSTO>r 
 
 pleted his t\rentr-first year of continuous service at the close of 
 1889, only a few months before his death, when failin^j; health, 
 compelled him to decline a re-election. He was chairman of the 
 Board twelve years. 
 
 During the Whig- times the voters of Royalston were largely 
 in favor of the Whig Party. In the chapter on Royalston Red 
 Letter Daiis there is an account of the great Whig celebration 
 in 18-10. On the Fourth of July of the same year the Royalston 
 Whigs turned out in large numbers to take part in a Fourth of 
 July celebration by the Whigs in Barre. The Royalston banner 
 had for its motto "Royalston avS she was in 76, she always has 
 been." 
 
 Reveue:—''T\\e wicked have drawn the sword and bent the 
 bow, to cut down the poor and needy: but their sword shall enter 
 their own heart, and their bow shall be broken " The banner, 
 of the sister town of Warwick had for its motto, "Warwick — 
 Harrison and Tyler — Davis and Hull, "We come to bury 
 Loco Focoism, not to Praise it." 
 
 Royalston had a flourishing Whig Association officered as 
 follows: President, Rufus Bullock; vice-presidents, Stephen 
 Batcheller, Benoni Peck, Russell Morse, Benjamin Brown, 
 Otis Bemis; secretary, A. H. Bullock; directors, Barnet Bullock, 
 George Pierce, Jonathan Gale, Joseph Raymond, Cyrus Da vis ^ 
 W. N. Vose, Joseph Davis, Hezekiah Newton, Robert Thompson, 
 Chester Bancroft, James Clark, Joseph Jacobs, Arba Sherwin, 
 Winthrop Livermore, Ansel Howard, Benjamin Bragg, Benja- 
 min Fry, Ebenezer Pierce. 
 
 The Town of Royalston in regard to its political affiliations 
 has been decidedly Federalist, Whig and Republican succes- 
 sively as those political parties have existed, and the Democratic 
 party and its doctrines have never gained any strong foothold 
 in town. 
 
 Perhaps the greatest upheaval in the politics of the town was 
 the great Progressive movement of 1912, when Royalston for 
 the first time in its history repudiated the Republican party and 
 cast its vote in opposition to it, when many of the former leaders 
 of the Republican party left it and enrolled themselves under 
 the banner of Theodore Roosevelt and the Progressive move- 
 ment. 
 
 At the first election after the adoption of the State Consti- 
 tution, Sept. 4, 1780, Royalston's vote for Governor was John 
 
POLITICAL 83 
 
 Hancock, Federalist, forty, with no votes in opposition, and 
 ;slie remained steadfast to the first Governor under the Constitu- 
 tion, and one of her own early proprietors, during his candidacy 
 for that office. At the election of 1784, His Excellency John 
 Hancock had twenty-seven votes, with none in opposition.. 
 At the election of the following year, 1785, for some reason 
 which we have been unable to ascertain, only six votes were 
 recorded as having been cast for Governor all of which were 
 for John Hancock. In 1787 John Hancock had one hundred 
 and fifteen votes and James Bowdoin had four. The last year 
 of the candidacy of Governor Hancock, Royalston gave him 
 forty-six votes to seven for his opponent, Samuel Phillips, Esq. 
 At the election of 1795, Samuel Adams, Federalist, had forty- 
 six votes and the opposition seven. In 1804 Caleb Strong, 
 Federalist, received one hundred and eleven votes for Governor 
 and Hon. James Sullivan, Democrat, nineteen. 
 
 In 1810 Christopher Gore, Federalist, received one hundred 
 and fifty-four votes to forty-three for Elbridge Gerry, Democrat- 
 In 1816 Hon. John Brooks, Federalist, had two hundred and 
 two votes, and Samuel Dexter the Democrat, forty-five. 
 
 The vote for President from 18(30 to the present time has 
 been as follows: 
 
 1860— Lincoln, 229; Douglas, 18. 
 
 1864— Lincoln, 249; McClellan, 23. 
 
 1868— Grant, 225; Seymour, 21 
 
 1872— Grant, 200; Greeley 4. 
 
 1876— Hayes, 220; Tilden, 55. 
 
 1880— Garfield, 216; Hancock, 45; Weaver, 2. 
 
 1884— Blame, 176; Cleveland, 43; Butler, 7. 
 
 1888— Harrison, 181; Cleveland, 56; Fiske, 14. 
 
 1892— Harrison, 145; Cleveland, 58; Bidwell, 11. 
 
 1898— McKinley, 155; Bryan, 14; Levering, 7. 
 
 1900— McKinley, 114; Bryan, 20; Woolly, 6. 
 
 1904— Roosevelt, 117; Parker, 20. 
 
 1908— Taft, 98; Bryan 14, Hisgin 3; Chaffin, 3;. 
 
 1912— Roosevelt, 80; Taft, 33; Wilson, 21. 
 
 During the three years, of the candidacy of Alexander H. 
 Bullock, Royalston's favorite son, for Governor, the town stood 
 royally by the Republican candidate, not only for Governor but 
 the entire ticket. At the election of 1865, Alexander H. Bullock, 
 
84 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 the Republican candidate for Governor, received one hundred 
 and eighty votes, Couch, the Democratic candidate none. In 
 1866 Alexander H. Bullock had two hundred and nine votes, 
 and Benjamin F. Butler, one. All the other State and County 
 officers had two hundred and eight votes and there were no 
 opposition votes cast, while Capt. John G. Mudge of Petersham 
 for Senator had two hundred and nine votes and no opposition. 
 The next year, 1867, Alexander H. Bullock had two hundred 
 and twenty votes and John Quincy Adams twenty-one. 
 
CHAPTER VIII 
 EDUCATION 
 
 The cause of Education and the schools have been carefully 
 looked after by the people of Royalston from the verj^ first 
 settlement of the town all through the years down to the present 
 time, and few towns of its size in the old Commonwealth can 
 show so large a list of their sons and daughters that have received 
 a college education or attended the seminaries and academies 
 of the land, and have gone forth as teachers, or entered into 
 the ministry and learned professions. In the sale of Royalston 
 territory, the General Court reserved one sixty-third part of the 
 whole purchase for school purposes, and the purchasers, before 
 they drew lots for themselves, set apart 520 acres for school land. 
 The Hon. Isaac Royal, by his will, gave the town 200 acres 
 more for school purposes, and thus we see that, from the first 
 720 acres of the township was appropriated to the cause of 
 popular education, while later in the history of the town, one of 
 its honored citizens, Hon. Rufus Bullock, gave and bequeathed 
 to the town by his will the sum of five thousand dollars, to be 
 held and applied as a fund, the income of which shall be appro- 
 priated and paid over for the benefit and use of Common Schools 
 in said town. The first action of the town, in relation to schools 
 was a vote taken in 1767 "to lease out the school land.'' Two 
 years later it was voted "to sell the school land for as much as 
 it will sell for; the principal to be a fund for schools, and the 
 interest to be applied yearly to pay for schooling." In 1769, 
 the first appropriation for schools was made when three pounds 
 was raised to hire schooling that year. The same year the Select- 
 men drew an order upon the town treasurer to pay Simeon 
 Chamberlain, the sum of eighteen shillings, it being for two 
 weeks schooling last February and March. The next year 
 Capt. John Fry draws from the town treasury two pounds 
 and ten shillings for five weeks school teaching. The same year 
 John Crawford draws two pounds for one month, Simeon Cham- 
 berlain one pound and s'xteen shillings for one month, and 
 Isaac Esty four shill'ngs for boarding a "School Dame." In 
 
g(, HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 1771 Hannah Richardson received eighteen shillings and e'ght 
 pence for teaching school seven weeks and boarding herself. 
 In 1777 the town voted that 'the schoo money interest, and 
 security be committed to the town Treasurer." 
 
 Simeon Chamberlain, the first School Master of Royalston, 
 came to Royalston from Douglas or Sutton, and was one of 
 the very early settlers. He was a school master in Sutton and 
 Douglas before coming to Royalston, and a great-great grandson 
 living Jn Newport, N. H., has his original record of scholars 
 in the schools he taught in Sutton, Douglas and Royalston. 
 The Royalston record is as follows: "School Register 
 kept by Simeon Chamberlain, School Master of Royalston, 
 Mass., Royalston, February, ye 20th, 1769. When I came to 
 the house of Widow Winship and began to lend school. The 
 names of the scholars: 
 
 John Fry Abjiah Richardson, 
 
 Eliphalet Richardson, Jonas Livermore, 
 
 Nathaniel Wheeler, Seth Wheeler, 
 
 Simeon Chamberlain, Molly Carr, 
 
 David Bruce, Sarah Rumbell, 
 
 Solomon Babcock, Ketura Babcock, 
 
 Percis Babcock, Alpha Barton, 
 
 Ephraim Hill, Abagal Hil', 
 
 Josia Bruce, Abagail Bruce, 
 
 Thomas Ellyot, 
 The following order drawn by the Selectmen upon the Town 
 Treasurer was to pay for this school: 
 
 "To Mr. Peter Woodbury, Town Treasurer : Please to pay to 
 Simeon Chamberlain, the sum of eighteen shillings, it be'ng for 
 two weeks schooling last February and March: and this shall 
 discharge you for so much. 
 Royalston, September ye 19th, 1709. 
 
 BENJAMIN WOODBURY, 
 £0: 18: 0. PETER WOODBURY, Selectmen 
 
 Mr. Chamberlain's Register of the next winter, 1770, states 
 that the school was again held at the house of. Widow Winship 
 and gives a list of twenty-three scholars. The name of one of 
 the scholars, Ketura Babcock, that appeared on the 1769. register 
 does not appear on this one, for during the summer of 1769, 
 Aug. 30, she was killed by lightning in her father's house at the 
 age of fifteen years and eight days. 
 
EDUCATION 87 
 
 The third register of Master Chamberhiin under date of 
 Royalston, December, ye 28, 1772, says: "Then I came to Deacon 
 Estey's and began to tend school." 
 
 The names of the scholars that term were: Nathaniel Wheeler, 
 Seth Wheeler, Elijah Walker, Moses Walker, Whitman Jacobs, 
 Sarah Rumble, Phebe Grant, Eunice Grant, Eiias Metcalf, 
 Micha Perry, Thaddeus Perry, Benjamin Perry, Betty Perry, 
 Joseph Chamberain, Molly Chamberlain, Sarah Chamberlain, 
 Molly Carr, Simeon Chamberlain, John Chamberlain, Abagail 
 Chamberlain, Isaac Jones, Thankful Marsh, Waid Jones, 
 Timothy R'chardson, Deborah Jones, Rhoda Jones. Most of 
 these scho ars were not born in Royalston l)ut came to town 
 with their parents. 
 
 Up to this time there were no school houses, the schoo's 
 be ng held in the dwellings and sometimes in the barns of the 
 settlers. In 1777 there was an article in the town meeting 
 warrant, "To see if the town will Iniild a school house as near 
 the meeting house in Royalston as convenient; if not, to see, 
 if the town, will give liberty to a number of the 'nhabitants, 
 near the centre, to build a school-house in said place for their 
 own benefit." The town decl'ned to build, but granted the 
 hberty asked for. This building which was the first school- 
 house in town was erected on the northeasterly line of the 
 Common. Tradition gives the names of the first three teachers 
 employed in this house. The first was a foreigner, by the name 
 o" Wood, who was remembered for many years as being a 'very 
 learned man." The second was Ammi Falkner, who was after- 
 wards Deacon, Selectman and Assessor; the third was Ebenezer 
 Pierce of Warwick afterwards deacon of the Baptist church. 
 
 After the close of the war, in 178(3, the lot of land which had 
 been set apart for schools by the first propr etors, and which 
 had been leased out down to that day, was sold, and the proceeds 
 of that sale are the foundation of the present school fund. 
 
 Probably the first attempt to divide the schools into what 
 we have known as districts was in 1777, when May 26 it was 
 "Voted to Squadron out the Schools in said town and the money 
 to be paid according to the proportion of said inhabitants." 
 Under this vote chose Capt. Woodbury, Timothy Richardson, 
 S meon Chamberlain, L'.eut Chase, Squadron C'ommittee for 
 that purpose. 
 
8S 
 
 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 The district" ng of the town proved a difficult problem, and 
 was not adjusted until after several experiments. In 1781 the 
 town was divided into six districts. One of these — the southwest 
 — passed from the jurisdiction of Royalston in 1783 and became 
 a part of Orange, leaving only five districts. In 1793 an attempt 
 was made to re-district the town but the report of the committee 
 was not accepted, and nothing was done until 1795 when at a 
 town meeting held January 5 of that year, a committee was 
 chosen consisting of Phillip Sweetzer, Nat. Bragg, Jonas Thomp- 
 son, David Lyon, Jacob Estey, Dea. Bullock, Nathan Bullock, 
 
 John Norton. 
 
 This committee reported to the town May 1795, and their 
 report was accepted as follows: ' 'We the subscribers being chosen 
 a Committee at a legal Meeting of the Inhabitants of Royalston, 
 Jan. 5, 1795 in order to district the town into School Districts, 
 have agreed there shall be Nine Districts as follows : — 
 
 FirsL ''T/ie Wesl Visfncr' io begin at the N. W. Corner 
 of the Town, running S. to the corner of Orange, thence E. to 
 Mr. White's W. Hue; thence northerly, the W. side of Jonathan 
 Matthews house, so as to take in Lieut. Goddard's house ; 
 thence northerly to Samuel Fuller's W. line; so on the State 
 line; thence W. to the bound first mentioned. 
 
 Second. ''The N. W. District to begin at Orange line, 
 thence E. by said Orange, to Jacob Estey's S. E. corner; 
 thence northerly to the E. of Daniel Warren's house, so on to 
 the E. of Andrew Kendall's house: — so on till we strike the 
 Brook that runs between Ebenezer Ingalls and Ebenezer Elan- 
 ding's house: — so on said Brook till we strike the State line: — 
 thence W. by Richmond line:— to the E. side of the West 
 District. 
 
 Third. '' West of the Pond Road District,'' to begin at the 
 Baptist meeting house:— thence W. to the N. W. District line: 
 — thence S. by said district to Orange line, still S. by said 
 Orange line to Athol: — thence easterly on Athol line so as to 
 take in Jonathan Kendall's lane — thence northerly to the vS. of 
 the Pond: — thence to the N. end of the Pond: — thence W. Ut 
 the said Meeting House. 
 
 Fourth. ''Under the Hill District,'' to hegxn at the Baptist 
 Meeting House: — thence W. on the line of the "W. of the Pond 
 District," till it strikes Daniel Warren's land: — thence nor- 
 therly bj- a line of the "N. W. District" to New Hampshire 
 
EDUCATION 89 
 
 line: — tlience E. till it strikes Silas Heyvvood's W. line: — thence 
 S. by Thomas Perry's W. line to Jacob Estey's S. line: — thence 
 W. to the Long Pond: — thence N. W. to the Baptist Meeting 
 House. 
 
 Fifth. ''North District,'' ^.o begin at Silas Heywood's N. 
 W. corner: — thence S. on the line of the "Under the Hill Dis- 
 trict" to the S. W. corner of the farm formerly owned by Daniel 
 Brown: — thence E. on the S. of said farm to the S. W. corner 
 of Dea. John Frye's land: — thence northerly on said Frye's W. 
 line to his N. W. corner: — thence E. to Lawrence Brook: — 
 thence up said Brook to New Hampshire line: — thence on said 
 line to the Bounds first mentioned. 
 
 Sixth. ''South District,'' to begin at Lieut. William Ray- 
 inond's N. W. corner: — ther.ce S. by the line of the district 
 *'W. of the Pond" to Athol line: — thence easterly on Athol line 
 till it strikes Daniel Woodbury's S. E. corner of the Home lot: 
 — Jience N. till it strikes Capt. Jonathan Sibley's W. line: — 
 thence on till we strike Lawrence Brook: — thence up the Brook, 
 till we strike the S. E. corner of the "N. District": — thence on 
 the S. line of the "N. District" to the bounds first mentioned. 
 
 Seventh. ^^Soiith East District,'^ to begin at Daniel Wood 
 bury's E. corner of the Howe Lot: — thence E. on Athol line to 
 Thomas White's and: — thence N. to the Brook E. of Nathan 
 Cutting's at the Bridge: — thence westerly as the road is now 
 trod, to Lawrence Brook: — thence down said Brook to Capt. 
 Jonathan Sibley's W. 1 ne: — thence S. to bound first mentioned. 
 
 Eighth. "Arm District," to begin at the Bridge E. of Nathan 
 Cutting's: — thence E. on the road to Winehendon line: — thence 
 S. on Winehendon line to Templeton line: — -thence W. to Gerry 
 line: — thence N. on Gerry and Athol lines to Thomas White's 
 S. W. corner:— still northerly by the easterly Une of the "S. 
 E. District " to the Br dge near Nathan Cutting's the first 
 mentioned bounds. 
 
 Ninth. ''North East District," to begin at the Bridge by 
 Capt. Peirce's: — thence up the Brook to NewHampshire line: — 
 thence E. by said New Hampshire line, to Winehendon line: — 
 thence S. on Winehendon line to the Road that leads from W n- 
 chendon to Roya'ston Meeting House, till it comes to the Bridge 
 by Capt. Pierce's the Bounds first mentioned. 
 
 These districts continued, with little variation down to 
 1820. In 1797, as the result of much discussion, it was voted 
 
9f> HISTORY OF ROVALvSTCnsr 
 
 to' build schoxd'houses in: the several schckol districts; and, that 
 equal justice may be- rendered to individuals, as near as possible,, 
 voted that the school-houses shall be built as- near the center 
 of the districts as the situation of the inhabitants- and the roads: 
 will admit, and that each district may agree on the spot. A. 
 committee, consist'ng of Capt. Jonathan Sibley, Mr. Benj.. 
 Hutchinson and Capt. Peter Woodbury, was chosen to lay 
 before the town an estimate of the expense ofbuilding the several 
 school-houses, and also to report the dimensions and method'; 
 of finishing. This committee reported Feb, 2, 1797, but final 
 action on the report was not reached until May 7th, 1798, when 
 it was adapted and $1500 appropriated for the work. 
 
 The plan of six of these houses was as fo'lows: twenty by 
 twenty-four feet; nine and one-half feet stud; square roof; six 
 windows each with fifteen seven by nine lights ; the inside walls 
 ceiled; over head crowning and plastered; the seats round the 
 walls on three sides and raised eight inches, and eighteen from the 
 walls, with a good writing table before them and a shelf for 
 books beneath; seats before the tables; an entrance way at one 
 end of the house six feet wide; tw^o doors to enter the room; 
 and the whole to be finished up in workmanlike manner and 
 the outside painted. The three other houses differed only in 
 dimensions. A committee consisting of one from each district 
 was chosen to carry the vote of the town into effect. Three 
 school-houses, that under the hill, in the north district, and in 
 the Arm district — -were found of sufficient value to require an 
 allowance to the proprietors. Thus the town secured nine 
 commodious and respecta]:>le school-houses. 
 
 EARLY SCHOOL COMMITTEES 
 
 1800 Daniel Woodbury, John Holman, Joseph Manning, 
 Nathan Read, Ephriam Whitney, James Forbes, 
 Shubel Blanding, Jonathan Gale, Asahel Davis. 
 
 1807 Jonathan Gale, Jonas Brewer, John Davis, Asa Walker, 
 
 Thomas Bacheller, Ebenezer Cutler, Joel Taft, Jonathan 
 Peirce, Isaac Piper. 
 
 1808 Jonathan Gale, Joseph Davis, Levi Thurston, Jacob 
 
 Metcalf, Ephriam Whitney, Benj. Hutchinson, Nathan 
 Reed, Isaac Gregory, William Saunders. 
 
:eaki.t schoot. cot\oiitt:ees '91 
 
 1809 Timothy Bliss, Jr., Andrew Kendall, Lemuel Whitney, 
 
 John Chamberlain, Eliphalet Riehardson, Joseph 
 Estabrook, Doct. Thomas Richardson, William Peirce, 
 Capt. Enoch Whitmore. 
 
 1810 Capt. David Fisher, Benjamin Davis, John Shepardson, 
 
 Isaac Metcalf, Stephen Richardson, Rufus Bullock, 
 David Taft, Tarrant Cutler, Furbush. 
 
 1811 David Fisher, Benjamin Davis, Moses Walker, Henry 
 
 Goddard, Silas Heywood, Stephen Bacheller, Jr., 
 Robert Thomson, Paul Wheeler, Isaac Piper. 
 
 1812 David Fisher, Russell Wheeler, Nathaniel Bragg, Jr., 
 
 Isaac Metcalf, Moses Nichols, Isaac Prouty, Samuel 
 Gregory, Benjamin Clark, Jr., Joseph Manning. 
 
 1813 David Fisher, Joseph Davis, Thomas Jacobs, John 
 
 Chamberlain, Thomas Bacheller, Joseph Beal, Stephen 
 B. Bowker, Tarrant Cutler, Joseph Norcross. 
 
 1814 David Fisher, Henry Goddard, Enos Metcalf, Russell 
 
 Ballou, Doct. Stephen Bacheller, Silas Jones, Simeon 
 Stockwell, Stephen Richardson, John Wood. 
 
 At a town meeting held Aug, 15, 1814, it was voted 
 to choose a School Committee and the following were 
 elected to visit schools: Joseph Estabrook, Col. Salmon 
 Goddard, Doc. Bachelder, Jr., Capt. Isaac Metcalf, 
 Rufus Bullock, Dea. Amos Jones, Jr., Silas Heywood, Jr. 
 
 1815 David Fisher, Benoni Peck, Daniel Shepardson, Daniel 
 
 Woodbury, Jonathan Peirce, Uri Day, Rusell Morse, 
 Willard Newton, Stephen Raymond, School Committee. 
 Committee to inspect schools: Capt. Isaac Metcalf. 
 Dea. Amos Jones, Col. Salmon Goddard. 
 
 1816 David Fisher, Al)el Bliss, Simeon Jacobs, Benjamin 
 
 Allen, Isaac Metcalf, Joseph Estabrook, Tarrant 
 Cutler, Stephen Holman, Zenas Stone, School Com- 
 mittee. Chose Isaac Metcalf, Salmon Goddard, Amos 
 Jones, Jr., a Committee to inspect Schools. 
 
 1817 David Fisher, Russell Wheeler, E. W. Dexter, William 
 
 Chase, Nahum Goddard, Rufus Bullock, Amos Jones, 
 Jr., Rufus Forbush, Ephriam AVhitne3% 
 
 Also chose Isaac Gale, 2d, Samuel Bliss, Benoni 
 Peck, Joseph Davis, 2cl, Asahel Davis, Thomas Jacobs, 
 Isaac Gregory, Elmer Newton, Stephen Bacheller, Jr., 
 
92 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON" 
 
 Joseph Estabrook, Jonathan Peirce, Josiah Wright^ 
 Stephen Holman, Joseph Norcross, Silas Heywood, Jr., 
 Zenas Stone, Jacob ]Metcalf and Joseph Jacobs a Com- 
 mittee to inspect the schools and not receive any com- 
 pensation therefor. 
 
 1818 Samuel Bliss, Simeon Jacobs, Benjamin Brown, Joseph 
 
 Jacobs, Thomas J. Lee, Judah Stockwell, Stephen 
 Holman, John Norton, James Buffum, being one person 
 in each school district to hire instructors. 
 
 1819 Isaac Gale, 2d, John Burbank, Asa Walker, Joseph 
 
 Estabrook, Silas Jones, Uri Day, Isaac Metcalf, Moses 
 Garfield, Amos Whitney. 
 
 1820 Alanson White, Thomas Jacobs, Jacob Metcalf, Franklin 
 
 Gregory, Jonah Wheeler, Joseph Norcross, Russell 
 Morse, Abel Bliss, Nathan Reed 
 
 1821 Andrew Kendall, Esq., Simeon Jacobs, Enoch Metcalf, 
 
 Asa Batcheller, Stephen Hale, Joseph Manning, Isaac 
 Nichols, Squier Davis, WiUiam Chase. 
 
 Voted to choose five persons to unite with Rev, 
 Mr. Perkins in visiting the schools in this town for 
 the year ensuing free of expense to the town, and 
 Rev. Joseph M. Graves, Thomas J. Lee, Isaac Metcalf, 
 Benoni Peck and William Peirce were chosen. 
 
 1822 David Fisher, Heman Forbush, Nahum Goddard, 
 
 Nathaniel Bragg, Tarrant Cutler, Reuben Stockwell, 
 Russell Morse, Benoni Peck, Levi Harris, Ansel 
 Heywood. Voted that these persons l)e chosen to 
 unite with Rev. Mr. Perkins and Rev. Mr. Graves 
 in visiting the schools in the town the ensuing year, 
 and Thomas J. Lee, Joseph Davis, 2d, and Jonathan 
 S. Pierce were chosen. Salmon Goddard was afterwards 
 chosen one of the same Committee. 
 
 1823 Samuel Bliss, Stephen Raymond, Jonas Bartlett, Stephen 
 
 Richardson, Amos Heywood, John B. Walker, Stephen 
 Batcheller, Jr., Stephen Holman, Jonas Brewer, John 
 Wood were chosen School Committee for the several 
 districts. Capt. Benoni Peck, Capt. William Peirce 
 and Jonathan Peirce, were chosen visiting School 
 Committee in conjunction with the two ministers. 
 
SCHOOL COMMITTEE FROM 1 845 93 
 
 SCHOOL COMMITTEE FROM 1845. 
 
 1845 Rev. Silas Kenney, Dr. Isaac P. Willis, Samuel D. Darling. 
 
 1846 Rev. Silas Kenney, Dr. Isaac P. Willis, Samuel D. Darling. 
 
 1847 Rev. Silas Kenney, Dr. Isaac P. Willis, Rev. N. A. Keys. 
 
 1848 Rev. Silas Kenney, Rev. Norman Hazen, Rev. J. H. M. 
 
 Leland. 
 
 1849 Rev. Silas Kenney, Rev. Norman Hazen, Dr. Isaac P. 
 
 Willis. 
 
 1850 Rev. Silas Kenney, Rev. Norman Hazen, Rev. George 
 
 Goodyear. 
 
 1851 Rev. Silas Kenney, Rev. Norman Hazen, Rev. George 
 
 Goodyear. 
 
 1852 Rev. Silas Kenney, Dr. J. B. Gould, Dr. Issac P. Willis. 
 
 1853 Rev. Silas Kenney, Dr. J. B. Gould, Rev. E. W. Bullard. 
 
 1854 Rev. Silas Kenney, Dr. J. B. Gould, Rev. E. W. Bullard. 
 
 1855 Rev. Silas Kenney, Dr. J. B. Gould, Rev. E. W. Bullard, 
 
 1856 Rev. Silas Kenney, Dr. J. B. Gould, H. D. Newton. 
 
 1857 Dr. Isaac P. Willis, J. W. Healey, John Wood, Adriel 
 
 White, Cyrus Davis, J. M. Eaton, John N. Bartlett. 
 
 1858 E. W. Bullard, I. P. Willis, J. B. Gould. 
 
 1859 E. W. Bullard, I. P. Willis, J. B. Gould. 
 
 1860 E. W. Bullard, I. P. Willis, Edwin, Seabury. 
 
 1861 E. W. Bullard, I. P. WilUs, E. Seabury. 
 
 1862 E. W. Bullard. I. P. Willis, T. C. Potter. 
 
 1863 E. W. Bullard, L. Tandy, Robert T. Hancock. 
 
 1864 E. W. Bullard, L. Tandy, F. D. Austin. 
 
 1865 E. W. Bullard, Lorenzo Tandy, F. D. Austin. 
 
 1866 E. W. Bullard, F. D. Austin, H. T. Hanks. 
 
 1867 E. W\ Bullard, H. T. Hanks, F. D. Austin. 
 
 1868 Rev. Charles Brooks, Dr. Henry 0. Adams, George F. 
 
 Miller. 
 
 1869 George F. Miller, A. C. White, Henry 0. Adams. 
 
 1870 George F. Miller, Henry O. Adams, Luke E. Bemis. 
 
 1871 George F. Miller, Henry O. Adams, Phillip H. Bliss. 
 
 1872 George F. Miller, Phillip H. Bliss. Mrs. Almira H. French. 
 
 1873 George F. Miller, Phillip H. Bliss, Mrs. Almira H. French. 
 
 1874 George F. Miller, A. M. White. Mrs. Almira H. French. 
 
 1875 H. W. Bliss, J. L. Merrill, Lyman Stone, Charles Forbes, 
 
 C. C. Chapin, A. M. White, Silas Whipple, Mrs. M. M. 
 Perkins, C. N. Stockwell, R. T. Hancock. 
 
9^ HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 1876 Mrs. M. M. Perkins, C. C. Chapin, Lyman Stone, Caleb 
 
 N. Stockwell, H. W. Bliss. 
 
 1877 Mrs. M. M. Perkins, Charles Forbes, A. M. White, B. H. 
 
 Brown, L. E. Bemis, Miss Emma L. Pierce, A. D. 
 Raymond, R. R. Safford, Mrs. M. A. C. Adams. 
 
 1878 R. R. Safford, A. M. White, L. E. Bemis, C. A. Higgins, 
 
 B. H. Brown, A. D. Raymond, Emma L. Pierce. 
 
 1879 B. H. Brown, Emma L. Pierce, A. D. Raymond, A. M. 
 
 White, Mrs. M. A. C. Adams, R. R. Safford, C. A. 
 Higgins. 
 
 1880 B. H. Brown, Emma L. Pierce, Mrs. D. P. Clark, E. A. 
 
 Carpenter, A. M. White, R. R. Safford. 
 
 1881 B. H. Brown, Emma L. Pierce, E. A. Carpenter, Mrs. 
 
 D. P. Clark, A. M. White, Daniel Davis. 
 
 1882 B. H. Brown, Daniel Davis, A. M. White, E. A. Carpen- 
 
 ter, L. E. Bemis, Emma L. Peirce. 
 
 1883 B. H. Brown, C. W. Day, Joseph Walker, L. E. Bemis, 
 
 Daniel Davis, A. M. White. 
 
 1884 B. H. Brown, A. M. Wliite, C. W. Day, F. J. BUss, L. E. 
 
 Bemis. 
 
 1885 B. H. Brown, A. M. White, C. W. Day, F. J. Bliss, R. J. 
 
 Walker, L. E. Bemis. 
 
 1886 B. H. Brown, A. M. White, C. W. Day, F. J. Bhss, R. J. 
 
 Walker, A. D. Raymond,. 
 
 1887 B. H. Brown, A. D. Raymond, C. W. Day, A. M. White, 
 
 F. J. Bliss, Rev. J. W. Shaw. 
 
 1888 B. H. Brown, A. D. Raymond, Rev. Judson W. Shaw, 
 
 C. W. Day, A. M. White, F. J. BHss. 
 
 1889 B. H. Brown, A. D. Raymond, C. W. Day, F. J. Bhss, 
 
 J. T. Nichols, C. C. Chapin. 
 
 1890 B. H. Brown, A. D. Raymond, C. W. Day, James C. 
 
 Longley, Calvin C. Chapin, Flora J. Butterworth. 
 
 1891 B. H. Brown, A. D. Raymond, C. W. Day, Flora J. 
 
 Butterworth, Calvin C. Chapin. 
 
 1892 B. H. Brown, Calvin C. Chapin, Flora J. Butterworth, 
 
 C. E. Wheeler, A. A. Hyatt, J. T. Nichols. 
 
 1893 B. H. Brown, C. W. Day, L. E. Stewart, Mrs. J. S. Moore, 
 
 J. T. Nichols. 
 
 1894 L. E. Stewart, Mrs. J. S. Moore, H. O. Adams, W. H. 
 
 Newton, J. T. Nichols. 
 
SCHOOL COMMITTEE 95 
 
 1895 B. H. Brown, L. E. Stewart, Mrs. J. S. Moore, E. B. 
 
 Hanson. 
 1898 B. H. Brown, E. B. Hanson, Mrs. H. R. Moore. 
 
 1897 F. J. Fairbanks, E. B. Hanson, Hattie R. Moore. 
 
 1898 Francis J. Fairbanks, Henry 0. Adams, Hattie R. Moore. 
 
 1899 Francis J. Fairbanks, Alfred R. Hale, Myron W. 
 
 Sherwood. 
 
 1900 Charles H. Brown, Myron W. Sherwood, Alfred R. Hale. 
 
 1901 Charles H. Brown, Myron W. Sherwood, Alfred R. Hale. 
 
 1902 Charles H. Brown, Myron W. Sherwood, Alfred R. Hale. 
 
 1903 Charles H. Brown, Myron W. Sherwood, Alfred R. Hale 
 
 1904 Charles H. Brown, Myron W. Sherwood, Alfred R. Hale. 
 
 1905 Charles H. Brown, Myron W. Sherwood, Alfred R. Hale. 
 
 1906 Charles H. Brown, Myron W. Sherwood, James A. Bates. 
 1909 William A. Frye, Myron W. Sherwood, Fred W. Cross. 
 
 1908 William A. Frye, Myron W. Sherwood, Fred W. Cross. 
 
 1909 Charles E. Richardson, Myron W. Sherwood, Ernest F. 
 
 Porter. 
 
 1910 Charles E. Richardson, Myron W. Sherwood, Francis J. 
 
 Fairbanks. 
 
 1911 Charles E. Richardson, Eri S. Stewart, Francis J. 
 
 Fairbanks. 
 
 1912 Charles E. Richardson, Eri S. Stewart, Francis J. 
 
 Fairbanks. 
 
 1913 Charles E. Richardson, Eri S. Stewart, Nellie W. Farrar. 
 
 1914 Charles E. Richardson, Eri S. Stewart, Nellie W. Farrar. 
 
 1915 Charles E. Richardson, Eri S. Stewart, Nellie W. Farrar. 
 
 Nellie G. W. Farrar, member of the school committee, is 
 the wife of Walter N. Farrar. She was born June 9, 1871, at 
 Chesterfield, N. H., daughter of Watson and Jennie (Thomas) 
 Wheeler. She attended the public schools of Chesterfield and 
 Hinsdale, N. H., and the Westfield Normal school. While at 
 Westfield her mother died very suddenly, being sick only a 
 few hours, and she went honie to be a companion for her father. 
 He lived only three months, after which she went to Worcester, 
 Mass., to live with her guardian, and worked in the office of 
 William H. Burns until she was twenty-one, when she entered 
 the training school for nurses at Fall River Hospital, where she 
 established a reputation as one of the best nurses in either medi- 
 cal or surgical cases, having nursed for the late Dr. Maurice 
 
C^(^ HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 Richardson, Ex-Mayor John Coughlin and other prominent 
 physicians of the city. She served at the hospital as head nurse, 
 and had full charge of the children's ward. She is much inter- 
 ested in nursing and has on many occasions given a helping 
 hand to the people of the village. She is a member of Themis 
 Chapter, O. E. S., and of the Athol Woman's Club. In 1913 she 
 was elected a member of the School Committee by a large vote. 
 She married Walter N. Farrar Nov. 28, 1894. They have no 
 children. 
 
 Charles E. Richardson, chairman of the School Committee, 
 He married May ,9 1901, Mabel Viola Hutchins, daughter of 
 Francis J. and Margaret (Lyall) Hutchins of Royalston. They 
 have two children, Clara Mabel, born May 14, 1905, and Charles 
 Francis, born May 21,1 908. Mr. Richardson has been engaged in 
 farming, being one of the progressive young farmersof the town, 
 and is prominent in town affairs. He has been chairman of the 
 School Committee since March, 1909, and is also a member of the 
 Finance Committee. He has been a member of Royalston Grange 
 for twenty-one years, has served as Master two years and Lecturer 
 three years. 
 
 Eri S. Stewart, member of the School Committee, was born 
 in Royalston April 8, 1887, son of Luther Stewart. He attended 
 the common schools of Royalston, graduated from the Athol 
 High School in the class of 1905 and attended the Massachusetts 
 Agricultural College one year. He has followed the occupation 
 of a farmer, and has been active in town affairs, having served 
 on the School Committee four years, constable three years, 
 and is also inspector of dressed meat, and deputy Forest Fire 
 Warden. He has also been Master of Royalston Grange three 
 years. 
 
 He married Bernice Hager, daughter of Arthur Hager of 
 Athol, April 8, 1907. They have two children, a son and a 
 daughter. 
 
 HIGH SCHOOL EXHIBITION 
 
 When the author of this History was searching for material 
 in the State Library at the State House in Boston, and inquired 
 if there was anything relating to the Town of Royalston in the 
 library, there was brought to him a carefully preserved program 
 
CIIARLRS R. RICHARDSOiN 
 
 LUTIIKR K. STKWART 
 
■HIGH SCHOOL EXHIBITION 
 
 97 
 
 ♦of an Exhibition of the Royalston High School in 1852. We deem 
 ■this as worthy to be inserted in the History of Royalston as 
 rshowing what the young ladies and gentlemen of more than 
 sixty years ago were doing- The following is the program: 
 
 Royalston High School Exhibition 
 At the Town Hall 
 
 W«dn€sday evening, Nov. 10, 1852. 
 
 Exercises cemmencing at 6 1-2 o'clock 
 Doors open at 6 
 The proceeds of the Exhibition to be appropriated to defray- 
 ing the expenses of a Course of Literary Lectures. 
 
 Order of Exercises, 
 Music 
 1. Salutatory Oration in Latin, 
 
 C. G. G. Fame 
 
 2. Phillip's Letter to the Kinjg. 
 
 A. Bryant 
 Music 
 
 3. The Present, Past and Future. 
 
 Dramatic 
 
 Antediluvism 
 
 D. W. Adams 
 
 Personal 
 
 Millerite of 1852 
 
 C. B. Willis 
 
 
 Contemporaries 
 
 Agent E. L. Parker 
 Geologist S. H. Hey wood 
 
 
 Ml 
 
 usic 
 
 4. Oration 
 
 
 W\ W. Cobb 
 
 5. Kossuth at Lowell 
 
 E. Pierce 
 
 
 M 
 
 usic 
 
 6. Spiritual Manifestation. 
 
 
 
 Mrs. Scroogen 
 
 Miss E. P. Brown 
 
 
 Miss Tiddell 
 
 Miss E. A. Davis 
 
 
 Miss Heartall 
 
 Miss S. L. Paine 
 
 Dramatic 
 
 Mrs, Hodges 
 
 Mrs. S. S. Putnam 
 
 Personal 
 
 Mrs. Duncan 
 
 Miss L. L. Bullock, 
 
 
 Miss Goodrich 
 
 Miss E. Davis, 
 
 
 Miss Hampden 
 
 Miss D. Perry, 
 
 
 Miss Bradbury 
 
 Miss M. A. Forrister, 
 
 
 Miss Plimpton 
 
 Miss M. E. Shepardson, 
 
 
 Miss Davenport 
 
 Miss E. A. Lyon, 
 
 
 Miss Packing 
 
 Miss G. Davis. 
 
98 
 
 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 Mediums 
 
 Miss Cromwell Miss S. L. Hohlen, 
 
 
 Miss Alcult 
 
 Miss M. J. Putnam, 
 
 
 Miss Carlton 
 
 Miss M. Walker, 
 
 
 Mrs. Tyler 
 
 Miss S. P. Bragg, 
 
 
 Miss Lawton 
 
 Miss S. E. Wheeler, 
 
 
 Miss Fang 
 
 Miss O. L. Hubbard, 
 
 
 Miss Cutler 
 
 Miss R. Willis, 
 
 
 Mrs. Kidder 
 
 Miss A. Woodbury. 
 Music 
 
 7. Oration- 
 
 -Webster— W. 
 
 C. Earle, 
 
 8. Hatch at the Syra(;use. 
 
 
 
 Women's I 
 
 Rights Convention 
 
 
 M. 
 
 A. Wilson. 
 Music 
 
 9. The Right Ai'in 
 
 B. Dexter. 
 
 10. Recitat 
 
 ion, 
 
 Miss McLean. 
 
 Music 
 
 11. The Fallen Saved. 
 Those taking part- : 
 
 W. C. Earle, D. W. Adams, E. Davis, J. Chase, N. Holmiin, 
 
 B. Dexter, W. W. Cobb, C. G. G. Paine, M. A. Wilson, D. Ray- 
 mond, A. Ballou, D. Brooks, T. McLean, F. Bullock, C. Pierce, 
 
 C. Hancock, S. H. Heywood, E. L. Parker, A. Da\is, Miss E. 
 A. Davis, Miss E. R. Browne, Miss M. Walker, Miss M. Turner, 
 Miss L. L. Bullock, Miss S. G. Peirce, Miss J. Cutler, Miss 
 E. Biyant. 
 
 Music 
 
 12. Poem, T. McLean 
 
 13. Oration and VaUnlictory Address, D. W. Adams. 
 
 Music 
 
 Great changes have taken place in the Schools of Royalston 
 during the last sixty years as in every other thing connected 
 with the town. As far as we have been aV)le to ascertain from 
 any records there was probably the largest number of scholars 
 in the schools of Royalston from about 1845 to about 1850. 
 In 1849 there were four hundred and fifty-nine scholars, of 
 whom ninety-seven were over fifteen years of age. In 1854 there 
 were one hundred and forty-six scholars attending private 
 schools in Royalston, and there was paid for the support of these 
 schools Four Hundred and Seventy-five dollars. 
 
EDUCATION 99 
 
 For quite a good many years in the middle of the last century 
 the winter terms of the schools were taught by young men who 
 came from some of the New England Colleges, and also by 
 young men of Royalston, who had attended some of the old 
 time Academies. Some winters more than half of the schools 
 of the town were taught by these young men. Among the 
 teachers of 1856 were: Henry Peck, Edward J. Flint, John 
 Follet, Francis M. Lamb, A. J. Fisher and Jefferson K. Cole. 
 
 In 1858 the list contained the names of Albert Bryant, 
 Jefferson Richardson, H. D. Newton, Bela J. Jacobs, W. H. 
 Knight, Percival B odgett, Robert T. Hancock and Samuel 
 J. Storrs; of these all but three were Royalston young men: 
 Storrs was from Amherst College, Percival Blodgett from Orange 
 and Knight from Brattleboro, Vt 
 
 In 1860 the male teachers were: Lyman Walker, of Thetford, 
 Vt.; H. C. Bennett, Rindge, N. H.; Jay Davis, Royalston; 
 Robert T. Hancock, Royalston; W. F. Leonard, Warwick; 
 H. O. Howe, Gill; A. F. Pierce, Royalston; and G. A. Miller, 
 Woodstock, Vt. 
 
 In 1872 there was only one male teacher who taught in town, 
 Alfred D. Clifford, of PhiUipston, who taught the North East 
 School. In 1873 the male teachers were L. B. Caswell at South 
 Royalston, Harlan P. Townsend at the Centre, Alfred D. Clifford 
 in the North East District and Phillip H. Bliss and Arthur A. 
 LTpham. 
 
 L. B. Caswell also taught the South Royalston School in 
 1874, and the Centre School in 1875, and had in each of these 
 schools twenty-two scholars over fifteen years of age, while in 
 1914 there were only three scholars over fifteen years of age 
 in all the schools of the town. 
 
 In 1838, of the twenty-one teachers employed in the schools, 
 seventeen be onged in Royalston, while in 1913, of the eight 
 teachers in town, only one be'onged to Royalston. 
 
 After several years of agitation in regard to the subject, the 
 School District system was abolished in 1867. 
 
 SCHOOL SUPERINTENDENTS 
 
 In March, 1889, the town voted to unite with the towns of 
 Templeton, Hubbardston and PhiUipston in the employment of 
 a Superintendent of Schools. A joint convention was held at 
 
100 HISTORY OF ROYALSrONT 
 
 Baldwinville, consisting of the Committee from Royalston'' 
 Hubbardston, Phillipston and Templeton. Percival Blodgett^ 
 of Templeton, was elected Chairman and Rev. M. H. Hitchcock, 
 of Hubbardston, Secretary. A superirrtendent was elected, and 
 on the basis of the averagre attendance in each to\Yn, one-half 
 of his time was to be devoted to Templeton, orre-tenth, to Phillip- 
 ston, one-fifth to Hubbardston, and cme-fifth to Royalston, 
 Each town was to pay its proportionate part of the expense, 
 and at the end of the year receive the same proportionate part 
 of the State's gift of SIOOO to the d'strict. The first Superinten- 
 dent of this district was Randall J. Condon, who served in 1889* 
 and 1890; E. J. Edmonds, 1892, 1893; W. Scott Ward, 1894,. 
 1895, 1896; Charles E. Putney, 1897 to 1901; F. G. Atwell, 1901 
 to 1907 inclirsive; Alberto W, Small, to 10081910, inclusive- 
 Asa M. Jones, the present superintendent, has held the position 
 gince 191 1. He was born in Unity, Me., graduated from Colby 
 College, taught school several years in Vermont and became 
 Superintendent of the Charlemont, Mass., District in 1908^ 
 from which place he came to the Royalston District in 191 1. 
 
 The former Superintendents are all engaged in educational 
 work at the present time as follows: Randall J. Condon is now 
 Superintendent of the Schools of Cincinnati, Ohio; W. Scott 
 Ward is Superintendent of the Athol schools; E. J. Edmonds 
 has a teachers' agency in Boston; C. E. Putney 's Superintendent 
 of the Schools of Burlngton, Vt.; F. J. Atwell, in Hopedale, 
 Mass.; and Alberto W. Small, in Chelmsford, Mass. 
 
 The standing of a community in regard to education can 
 be found in the sons and daughters who have graduated from the 
 colleges and professional schools of the land and entered the 
 learned profe sions or have become teachers in the schools and 
 higher institutions of learning. 
 
 The list of the mitive born of Rx^yalston who have graduated 
 from college is unusually large for a town of its size. 
 
 COLLEGE GRADUATES 
 
 George Newton, Esq. Dartmouth 1808 
 
 Samuel Barrett Harvard 1818 
 
 Franklin Jones Amherst 1829 
 
 Asahel Peck University of Vermont 1830 
 
 Rev. Sidney Holman Williams 1830 
 
 J 
 
COLLEGE GRADUATES 
 
 101 
 
 Alexander Hamilton Bullock 
 Prof. Nelson Wheeler 
 Rev. Jesse K. Bragg 
 Stephen Holman 
 Rev. Ariel E. P. Perkins 
 Hosea Davis 
 Caleb B. Metcalf 
 Rev. Amory Gale 
 George B. Newton 
 Leonard L. Leathe 
 Rev. E )enezer Cutler 
 R?v. Henry Cummings 
 Isaac Stevens Metcalf 
 Hon. Benjamin C. Perkins 
 Benjamin S. H. Brown 
 J. Ormond Wilson 
 Samuel C. Gale, Esq. 
 Charles A. Gregory, Esq. 
 Henry M. Harrington, 
 Charles G. G. Paine 
 Rev. Albert Bryant 
 William Clark Peckham 
 
 Hamilton S. Peck 
 
 Everett B Bragg 
 
 John V. Hazen 
 
 Samuel Augustus Fiske 
 
 Arthur C. Brown 
 
 Jenner Morse 
 
 Mary E. Raymond 
 
 Albert W. Merram 
 
 Mabel Winifred Adams 
 
 Fred Wilder Cross 
 
 Florence Shepardson 
 
 Walter F. Ellis 
 
 Berhta Winifred Clark 
 
 Amherst 1836 
 
 Yale 1836 
 
 Amherst 1838 
 
 WilHams 1839 
 
 Amherst 1840 
 
 Dartmouth 1842 
 
 Yale 1842 
 
 Brown University 1843 
 
 Yale 1843 
 
 Amherst 1843 
 
 Joseph Frederick Perkins 
 Robert Winthrop Adams 
 Lena May Bowker 
 
 University of Vermont 1845 
 Amherst 1847 
 
 Bowdoin 1847 
 
 Dartmouth 1848 
 
 Harvard 1850 
 
 Dartmouth 1850 
 
 Yale 1854 
 
 Harvard 1855 
 
 Amherst I860 
 
 Amherst 1861 
 
 Amherst 1862 
 
 Amherst 1867 
 
 University of Vermont 1870 
 Mass. Agricultural 1875 
 Dartmouth (Scientific) 1875 
 Yale 1877 
 
 Harvard 1879 
 
 Ann Arbor 1883 
 
 Smith 1891 
 
 Worcester Polytechnic 1896 
 Cornell University 1899 
 Williams 1900 
 
 Smith 1900 
 
 Harvard 1900 
 
 Geo. Washington 
 
 University 1900 
 Williams 
 
 Worcester Polytechnic 1904 
 Mt. Holyoke 1908 
 
102 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 Carl Shepardsou Brown I'niversity 1908 
 
 Charles Watson Bowker, Jr. Dartmouth 1911 
 
 There is also a good list of natives of Royalston who entered 
 College but for various reasons did not complete their college 
 course. 
 
 Daniel Shepardson was two years at Amherst College and 
 two years at Brown University, but did not graduate from either. 
 He received the honorary of degree M. A. from Granville Col- 
 lege in 1850, and Brown University in 1853, also the honorary 
 degree of D. D. from Bushnell University in 1872. 
 
 Rev. T. Willard Lewis was at Union College three years, 
 Rufus Henry Bullock was at Amherst College in 1838 and 1839. 
 but did not graduate. 
 
 Daniel C. Perkins was at Amherst College 2 1-2 years in 
 the Class of 1849, and graduated from Harvard Medical College 
 in 1850. 
 
 Ephraim Richardson had nearly completed a college course 
 when he died. 
 
 Eri S. Stewart was at the Massachusetts Agricultural College 
 one year. 
 
 John F. Lehy was two years at Holy Cross College 1872 to 
 1874. 
 
 Sarah A. Drury was at the University of Chicago three years. 
 
 Dr. Andrew Jackson Flagg graduated from the Philadelphia 
 Medical College, and Dr. Leander Smith from the Medical 
 department of Dartmouth College in 1834. 
 
 Dr. Walter H. Adams graduated from the Medical Depart- 
 ment of the University of the City of New York in 1889. 
 
 Joseph Henry Shepardson was at Waterville College, now 
 Colby College, Maine, one year in the Class of 1859, and Lucius 
 Franklin Shepardson was at the same college for one year in the 
 Class of 1858. 
 
 Mary E. Raymond after graduating at Wheaton Seminary, 
 now Wheaton College, graduated at Smith College in 1891, 
 took her B. A. degree at Radcliffe College in 1895, and M. A. 
 degree at Smith in 1896, and then took special work at the 
 University of Berlin. 
 
 Carrie W. Raymond graduated at Wheaton Seminary. 
 
 Geoffrey B. Leh}^ was one year at Holy Cross College. 
 
COLLEGE GRADUATES 103 
 
 Harlan Mackenzie graduated at Gushing Academy and was 
 two years in Col])y College, and Bessie Mackenzie, after graduat- 
 ing from Gushing Academy, was two years in Simmons Gollege. 
 
 Sarah L. Paine was a student at Mount Holyoke Seminary. 
 
 Royalston's list of graduates from the State Normal Schools 
 is also worthy of mention. 
 
 Mary E. Paine Salem Normal School 1864 
 
 Ellen A. Paine Salem Normal School 1864 
 
 Susan F. Drury Westfield Normal School 
 
 Edwin Augustus Fisher Westfield Normal School 1870 
 Emma Jane Hale Bridgewater Normal School 1873 
 
 Arthur A. Upham Westfield Normal School 1880 
 
 Myra A. Safford Bridgewater Normal School 1883 
 
 George Newton of the Glass of 1808, Dartmouth Gollege, 
 was born in Royalston Jan. 16, 1785, a son of Nathan Brigham 
 and Mary (Stewart) Newton. He began the practice of law at 
 Salem, and removed to Royalston in 1816, where he died June 
 G, 1817, at the age of thirty-two years. He was the first native 
 of Royalston to graduate from Gollege of which we have any 
 record. 
 
 Nelson Wheeler, originally Lord Nelson Wheeler, son of 
 Paul and Phoebe (Hill) Wheeler, was born in South Royalston 
 Oct. 24, 1813. He graduated at Yale Gollege in the Glass of 
 1836. After graduation he taught in the New Haven Hopkins 
 Grammar School, and in Townshend, Vermont; he then spent 
 some time in the study of Hebrew in the Newton Theological 
 Seminary, though not expecting to enter the ministry. On 
 April 24, 1839, he married Rebecca, daughter of Hon. Rufus 
 and Sally (Davis) Bullock of Royalston. For the following year 
 he taught in Plainfield, New Jersey, and then became Principal 
 of the Worcester, Mass., Manual Labor High School, which-was 
 maintained by the Baptist denomination. By excessive labor 
 in superintending this institution he contracted the pulmonary 
 disease which finally ended his life. Li 1847 he was made 
 Principal of the Worcester High School, and so continued until 
 1853, when he was appointed Professor of Greek in Brown Uni- 
 versity. He accepted this position, l^ut in 1854 was attacked 
 with hemorrhage of the lungs. After a brief trip to the South, 
 he returned to his birthplace to await his end, and died there 
 Aug. 25, 1855, in his 42d year. 
 
10^ HISTORY OF ROY ALSTON 
 
 He had three sons, one of whom died in infancy. The youngest 
 son was a member of the Class of 1872, in Yale but was 
 graduated at Brown University. 
 
 George Brigham Newton, son of Willard and Phoebe (Emer- 
 son) Newton, was born at Royalston, Mass., Dec. 1, 1816. He 
 graduated at Yale College in 1843. For two years after graduat- 
 ing he resided at Brattleboro, Vt., engaged in teaching, and the 
 following year was Professor of Mathematics in La Grange College, 
 Ky. He was then principal of a high school for young men in Louis- 
 ville, Ky. In 1855 he established a school for young men in 
 Georgetown, Pettis County, Mo., of which he continued in 
 charge until it was closed by the Civil War. Some years later he 
 opened a high school in Marshall, Mo., where he taught until a 
 few years before his death. He died in Marshall suddenly of 
 apoplexy, Nov. 11, 1892, in his 76th year. He married in Brattle- 
 boro, Vt., April 1, 1846, Louise, daughter of Ira and Jemima 
 (Ward) Haven, and had five daughters and four sons. 
 
 Rev. Sidney Holman, class of 1830, Williams College, was 
 born at Royalston in 1800. He studied theology at Auburn, 
 N. Y., and was settled as pastor of churches at Saugus, Willing- 
 ton, Conn., Webster, Mass., where he was the first pastor of 
 the First Congregational Church organized in 1838, Millbury, 
 where he was also the first pastor of the West Millbury Congre- 
 gational Church over which he was pastor from July, 1840, to 
 June, 1851. He was also acting pastor at Goshen and Windsor. 
 He was married in 1833 to Myra Fisher, of Terapleton, by 
 whom he had five children, of whom the eldest, Thomas, died 
 in the service of his country in 1802. 
 
 Franklin Jones, son of Anna and Lephe (Estabrook) Jones, 
 was born in Royalston Aug. 9. 1801. He fitted for college at 
 Kimball Union Academy, Meridan, N. H., and graduated from 
 Amherst College in 1829; took a course at the Andover Theologi- 
 cal Seminary, and in 1832 founded the Bowling Green Female 
 Seminary in Kentucky of which he was the Principal from 1832 
 to 1846. He died in BowHng Green, Ky., Aug. 16, 1846. 
 
 Married Sept. 11, 1833, Mary, daughter of Edward Kendall 
 of Westminster. They had six children. 
 
 Rev. Jesse Kendall Bragg, son of Nathaniel and Polly 
 (Kendall) Bragg, was born in Royalston Oct. 11, 1811. He 
 fitted for college at Westminster and Leicester Academies and 
 
COLLEGE GRADUATES " 105 
 
 graduated from Amherst College in 1838. Was at Union Theo- 
 logical Seminar}' from 1838 to 1841, and was ordained at 
 Middleboro, Mass., Sept. 13, 1842, where he was pastor from 
 
 1842 to 1851, Brookfield 1851 to 1860, at Sandwich 1861 and 
 1862, at Harrisville, N. H., one year. He was Associate Editor 
 of the Boston Recorder 1862 to 1864, pastor in Boston 1864— 
 1868, and was in Norfolk the remainder of his life, where he died 
 June 14, 1874, from typhoid fever, followed by softening of 
 the brain. He married Oct. 13, 1844, Maria H., daughter of 
 Col. William Buttrick, of Pepperell, Mass., she died March 13, 
 1859. He married, second, Dec. 25, 1861, Catherine B., daugh- 
 ter of Enoch H. Pillsbury of Nashua, N. H. They had five 
 children. 
 
 Leonard Lorenzo Leathe, son of Benjamin and Pauline 
 (Chase) Leathe, was born in Royalston Dec. 12, 1816. He 
 fitted at Appleton Academy, New Ipswich, N. H., and graduated 
 from Amherst College in 1813. He was a Colporteur in the ser- 
 vice of the American Tract Society in the Mississippi Valley, 
 
 1843 to 1845, and died from brain fever at Panola, Miss., July 
 7, 1845, unmarried. 
 
 Samuel Barrett was born in Royalston Aug. 16, 1795, and 
 graduated at Harvard College in the Class of 1818. He was 
 the son of Benjamin and Betsey (Gerrish) Barrett, and through 
 his long and faithful ministerial labors reflected honor on his 
 native town. He was settled many years as pastor of the 
 Twelth Congregational Unitarian Society of Boston, and re- 
 ceived in 1847, the degree of Doctor of Divinity from his Alma 
 Mater. He married Sept. 11, 1832, Mary Susan, daughter 
 of the eminent Dr. Greenwood of Boston, and died in Roxbury, 
 June 24, 1866. 
 
 Bertha Winifred Clark was born in West Royalston, Mass., 
 June 6, 1875, daughter of Rev. Albert Vinton and Harriet 
 (Baker) Clark. She was educated in the Hamilton, N. Y., 
 public schools, Colgate Academy, Silas Neff School of Oratory, 
 Columbian (now George Washington) University, where she 
 graduated in 1900, and in Summer School of Cornell University. 
 She taught one year in Nashville, Freedman Schools, in Govern- 
 ment Indian School at Beauleau, Minn., several years, then 
 spent a year in Haseltine House, Newton Centre, Mass., training 
 for foreign mission work in 1907. Went to Rangoon, Burmah> 
 
106 HISTORY OF ROVALSTON 
 
 and tauoht four years, ])eing then transferred to her present 
 position as Missionary at Bhamo, Burmah. 
 
 THE LIBRARIES OF ROYALSTON 
 
 From an early record book discovered within a few years it 
 seems very probable that the town of Royalston was one of the 
 very first towns of Worcester County to organize a Library. 
 Whitney's history of Worcester County, published in 1793, says 
 that "Social Libraries" were common in Massachusetts towns 
 at the close of the eighteenth and beginning of the nineteenth 
 centuries. It states that twelve towns in Worcester County, a 
 Ust of which it gives, had such lil)raries in 1793, but does not 
 mention Royalston, although one had been established in this 
 town in 1778, fifteen years previous to the date, and only thirteen 
 years after the town was incorporated. This record book re- 
 ferred to was found in the family archives of George E. Pierce, 
 his father having been the last secretary of that organization. 
 The library was founded, according to this old record, in January, 
 1778, and its supporters were orgmized as "The Library Company 
 in Royalston," the name being changed to the "c503ial Library 
 of Royalston" several yeirs liter. It wis in existence seventy- 
 one years, dissolving in 1819. Its line of presidents to he close 
 of the century were: Jonah Go Id.ird, Lieut. Oliver Work, John 
 Batchelder, Isaac Gregory and Jonathan Sibley. Its secretary 
 and librarian during tliis period was Rev. Joseph Lee. Its 
 treasurers were: Lieut. Jonas Allen, Dea. Ammi Faulkner, 
 Isaac Gregory and Jonithan Pierce. On its standing committee 
 besides the nim33 already m3ationei were the names of Henry 
 Bond, William Clements, Dr. Batchelder, Silas Heywood, 
 Capt. Peletiah Metcilf, Nathan B. Newton and William Brown. 
 The library was opsa for drawing and returning books six times 
 a year, always on the Wedaesdiy preceding the second Sabbaths 
 in the months of Januiry, Mirch, Miy, July, September and 
 November; at 2 p. m., in Januiry and November; at 4 p. m.,in 
 March and September; and 5 p. m., in May and July. The 
 mmner of supporting the library is shown by act on taken at 
 a meeting held Miy 7, 1778, viz. : "Voted to raise money or other 
 propsrty for the purpose of increasing the library. Voted that 
 eich an:l every mB.nbsr for this purpose pay into the treasury 
 
LIBRARIES OF ROYALSTON « 107 
 
 two shi ling!^ in money, or grain, butter, flax or flaxseed. And at 
 a later meeting, Jan. 1, 1789, tlie committee reported that in 
 the'r judgment, rye sliould be received at three shillings, six 
 pence per bushel; Indian corn at two shillings, eight pence; 
 oats at one shilling, six pence; flax at six pence, per pound; 
 flaxseed at two shillings, six pence per Inishel, and Ijutter at 
 five pence, half penny per pound.' 
 
 No catalog of the books in this lil)rary has come own to us, 
 V)ut it is known that at least 487 volumes were in the collection. 
 It is interesting to know what the intellects of the Royalston 
 fathers and mothers were fed and fattened on, and this is shown 
 in a vote of the Society passed March 7, 1787, viz.; "Voted that 
 the money laid out for books, being divided into ten equal 
 parts, be laid out for l)ooks upon different subjects in the follow- 
 ing proportion, viz;.; Three-tenths parts for books in Divinity 
 and Moral Philosophy; three-tenths for History and Biography; 
 two-tenths for Arts and Sciences; one tenth for Law and Physic; 
 one-tenth for Poetry, Novels and miscellany." 
 
 The people of Royalston must have had great appetite for 
 the literature of that day, for while other towns had only one 
 social library, Royalston had two. We learn this from an article 
 in a library warrant po-^ted Feb. 25, 1817, which reads as follows; 
 "To hear and act on the report of the committee appointed to 
 confer with a committee of the second social library concerning 
 the admission of members from that Hbrary." The action of 
 this article was favorable and eighteen members of the second 
 social lil)rary were admitted. The Social Library voted to 
 divide its books Jan. 10, 1849, and not long after that date the 
 books were sold at auction and the lil^rary went out of existence. 
 
 In 1812, the Legislature enacted a law that when any school 
 distr ct in the Commonwealth should raise S15 for a library, 
 the same amount should be drawn from the State treasury and 
 a collection of books judicious'y selected ]:)y the State authorities 
 should at once be forwarded to the district. Under this arrange- 
 ment School libraries were est blished in the Centre the Doane's 
 Falls d strict, the City, so-called. Baptist Common and the 
 Cutler district. In the latter John N. Bartlett was librarian 
 and custodian for several years. In the west part of the town, 
 a library half Sunday school and half secular, was given and 
 supported for fifteen years by Joel Gates Ijy annual remittances 
 
108 . HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 during his lifetime and since his death by the revenue o' a legacy 
 of $2000 under his will. 
 
 The Public Librarj^ of Royalston as it exists today, had its 
 origin in the Ladies' Benevolent Society, an organization which 
 was founded in 1824, and has had an enviable record in member- 
 ship and good works. The members of this Society early recog- 
 nized the need of a public library in the community. To Mrs. 
 George Woodbury, the honored secretary of the Society for many 
 years, must be given the credit of the first suggestion of working 
 for this object. After careful consideration they finally voted 
 in January, 1874, to embark in the enterprise. The methods 
 adopted for raising funds were private subscriptions, farmers' 
 suppers, sociables, lectures and entertainments of various kinds. 
 After good progress had been made by the ladies, Joseph Ray- 
 mond promised that when their fund had reached the sum of 
 $250 he would add to that amount $250 more. This was soon 
 accomphshed and as many books as $500 would purchase were 
 soon placed on their shelves and the ibrary was opened Oct. 10, 
 1874, with 434 volumes. The Royalston Farmers Club had 
 contributed the'r library of 60 volumes to help make up the 
 number. The library remained under the management of 
 the ladies till 1880, when it was formally accepted by the town, 
 and since that date has been liberally supported by the town. 
 
 In 1898 a delivery station was established in South Royalston 
 the town paying the expense of transportation and care of the 
 books. 
 
 At the March town meeting in 1910 it was announced that 
 Mr. Phinehas S. Newi^on, a native and life-long resident of the 
 town, would give the town the sum of $10,003 for the building 
 of a public library provide:! the town would procure a suitable 
 site. 
 
 A committee consisting of L. G. Forbes, E. B. Hanson and 
 L. B. Shepardson was chosen, and after investigating various 
 locations it was finally decided that the best place was at the 
 corner of the lot owned by WiUiam H. Hill of Brookline. Mr. 
 Hill later donating the lot in memory of his wife, and work was 
 begun in August of that year, and was completed in May, 1911, 
 the dedicating exercises being held June 28, 1911. The building 
 is of red brick with brown sandstone trimmings 50 by 36 feet, 
 with one story, basement and attic and is a fine addtion to the 
 Common. The number of books in the library Jan. 1, 1916, was 
 
PHINEHAS S. NEWTON PUBLIC LIBRARY 
 
 MISS ELIZABETH WAITE CHASE MRS. EMELINE (WHITE) MACKENZIE 
 
LIBRARIES OF ROYALSTON 109 
 
 3,927. Mrs. Emeline (White) Mackenzie has been the popular 
 and efficient librarian of the Phinehas S. Newton library since 
 Sept. 1 1897. She was born Aug. 13, 1857, at Winchendon, 
 moved to Royalston at an early age, and received her 
 education in the schools of Royalston; she then taught school 
 in several of the districts of the town commencing in 1876, 
 and continuing for five years. She married Colin Mackenzie, 
 Sept. 20, 1880. 
 
 Elizabeth Waite Chase, who served as librarian of the 
 Royalston Public Library from the date of its acciuisition by 
 the town in 1881 until her death in 1896, is remembered by the 
 townspeople as a faithful custodian to whom the library was 
 the object of the most absorbing interest and affection. Her 
 love for the library manifested itself in the scrupulous care 
 which she bestowed upon the books, and in the quiet and deco- 
 rum which she exacted of youthful patrons during library hours. 
 She was born in Boston Sept. 14, 1837, daughter of Chauncey 
 and Caroline (Morse) Chase, and removed with her family 
 to Royalston in 1859. She died in Royalston Dec. 14, 1896. 
 
 Maria L. Bragg officiated as librarian from Nov. 1, 1896, to 
 Sept. 1, 1897, and the names of Emma L. Pierce and Miss Hattie 
 Walker appear as having been librarians for a short time. 
 
 The Trustees of the Public Library since it was accepted 
 by the town in 1881 hiive been as follows: 
 
 1881 Dr. Frank W. Adams, Dr. Henry 0. Adams, Alfred D. 
 
 Raymond. 
 
 1882 Dr. Frank W. Adams, Dr. Henry O. Adams, Alfred D. 
 
 Raymond. 
 
 1883 Dr. Frank W. Adams, Dr. Henry O. Adams, Alfred D. 
 
 Raymond. 
 
 1884 Dr. Frank W. Adams, Dr. Henry O. Adams, Alfred D. 
 
 Raymond. 
 
 1885 Dr. Frank W. Adams, Alfred D. Raymond, Jeremiah A. 
 
 Rich, 
 1883 Dr. Frank W. Adams, Alfred D. Raymond, Jeremiah A. 
 
 Rich. 
 1887 Dr. Frank W. Adams, Alfred D. Raymond, Jeremiah A. 
 
 Rich. 
 
110 
 
 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 1888 Dr. Frank W. Adams, Alfred D. rjaymond, Jeremiah A' 
 
 Rich. 
 
 1889 Dr. Frank W. Adams, Alfred D. Raymond, Jeremiah A. 
 
 Rich. 
 
 1890 Dr. Frank W. Adams, Alfred D. Raymond, Jeremiah A. 
 
 Rich. 
 
 1891 Dr. Frank W. Adams, Alfred D. Raymond, Jeremiah A. 
 
 Rich. 
 
 1892 Dr. Frank W. Adams, Alfred D. Raymond, Jeremiah A. 
 
 Rich. 
 
 1893 Di\ Frank W. Adam^, Alfred D. Raymond, Jeremiah A. 
 
 Rich. 
 
 1894 Dr. Frank W. Adim-;, Alfred D. Raymond, Jeremiah A. 
 
 Rich. 
 
 1895 Dr. Frank W. Adam-i, Jeremiah A. Rich, Rev. F. J. 
 
 Fairbanks. 
 1893 Dr. Frank W. Adams, Jeremiah A. Rich, Rev. F. J. 
 Fairbanks. 
 
 1897 Dr. Frank W. Adams, Jeremiah A Rich, Rev. F. J. 
 
 Fairbanks. 
 
 1898 Dr. Frank W. Adams, Jeremiah A. Rich, Rev. F. J. 
 
 Fairbanks. 
 
 1899 Dr. Frank W. Adams. Jeremiah A. Rich, Rev. F. J. 
 
 Fairbanks. 
 
 1900 Dr. Frank W. Adams, Rev. F. J. Fairbanks, Caleb W. 
 
 Day. 
 
 1901 Dr. Frank W. Adams, Rev. F. J. Fairbanks, Caleb W. 
 
 Day. 
 
 1902 Frank W. Adams, Caleb W. Day, Francis J. Fairbanks. 
 
 1903 Caleb W. Day, Francis J. Fairbanks, Frank W. Adams. 
 
 1904 Francis J. Fairbanks, Calel^ W. Day, Frank W. Adams. 
 
 1905 Frank W. Adams, Caleb W. Day, Francis J. Fairbanks. 
 1905 Caleb W. Day, Francis J. Fairbanks, Frank W. Adams. 
 
 1907 Francis J. Fairbanks, Frank W. Adams, Caleb W. Day. 
 
 1908 Frank W. Adams, Caleb W. Day, Francis J. Fairbanks. 
 1939 Francis J. Fairbanks, Frank W. Adams, Caleb W. Day. 
 
 1910 Francis J. Fairbanks, Frank W. Adams, Caleb W. Day. 
 
 1911 Frank W. Adams, Caleb W. Day, Francis J. Fairbanks. 
 
 1912 Francis J. Fairbanks, Frank W. Adams, Levens G. Forbes. 
 
 1913 Frank W. Adams, Levens G. Forbes, Francis J. Fairbanks. 
 
 1914 Frank W. Adams, Levens G. Forbes, Francis J. Fairbanks. 
 
 1915 Frank W. Adams, Levens G. Forbes, Francis J. Fairbanks. 
 
POST OFFICES 111 
 
 POST OFFICES 
 
 One of the Postmaster Generals in his report has said, "there 
 is nothing which more deeply interests every, man, woman 
 and child in this country of ours, than the safe handling of 
 correspondence." The post-office in every city, town, village 
 or hamlet, whether enclosed in the walls of a public building, or 
 crowded into a corner of a country store has a great attraction 
 for old and young, who with eager expectancy seek for their 
 letters and papers, and "going to the post-office" has been one 
 of the regular dut es and habits of the people. 
 
 When Royalston was incorporated as a town in 1765, Boston 
 was the only regular post-office in Massachusetts, and iists of 
 letters were advertised n the Boston Neivs Letter for all parts of 
 the State. 
 
 To receive their mail people depended on market-men or 
 private parties who on visiting Boston would call for the letters 
 and deliver them on their return trip. In 1793 the nearest 
 post-offices to Royalston were at Worcester and Greenfield. 
 The Fitchburg post-office was estatilished in 1811, only one year 
 before that of Royalston, and the Athol post-office was estab- 
 lished Oct. 1, 1802, when a post-master bearing the same name of 
 Joseph E?tabrook as the first post-master of the Royalston office, 
 was appointed, the Athol post-master being the Rev. Joseph 
 Estabrook, the second minister of Athol. In these days of quick 
 and easy means of transportation and communication we can 
 hardly realize what travel meant to the early settlers of Royal- 
 ston. The condition of roads was such as to render travelling 
 slow, difficult and dangerous. The mails were transportetl, 
 as almost all passing was performed, on horseback; and a journey 
 of one hundred miles was a matter of greater preparation, appre- 
 hension and toil than a trip of three thousand miles at the pre- 
 sent day. Not until 1761, was there any kind of public conveyance 
 put on the roads out of Boston. 
 
 Governor Bullock in describing the early mail facilities of 
 Royalston, in his Centennial address, says: "Once a week our 
 portl}^ fellow citizen of that time, Jonathan Pierce, drove the 
 po3t and carried the mail l)etween Worcester and Keene through 
 Royahton, bringing to us the weekly papers, the regular politics, 
 the more distant gossip, and helping us along generally in our 
 conformity with the outside world. This mission commencing 
 
112 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 about the year 1800, he performed nearly a quarter of a century." 
 The rates of postage in the early part of the nineteenth 
 century were enormous as compared with the present time. 
 The rates were six cents for less than 30 miles, 10 cents for eighty 
 miles, twelve and one-half cents for one hundred miles. 
 
 The Post Office at Royalston was established April 1, 1812, 
 with Joseph Estabrook as the first postmaster. Those who have 
 held the office since with the date of appointment are as follows: 
 Franklin Gregory, Aug. 22, 1823; George Blodgett, Sept. 10, 
 1836; Stillman Blodgett, Sept. 29, 1836; Joseph Estabrook, 
 Dec. 22, 1836; C. Robert Wood, Jr., Feb. 1, 1840; Charles A. 
 Bullock, June 15, 1841; Joseph Estabrook, Nov. 12, 1846; 
 Charles H. Newton, Nov. 17, 1856; Obadiah Walker, April 4, 
 1870; John L. King, Dec. 14, 1881; Aurin C. Gordon, July 17, 
 1882; George W. Blandin, July 22, 1885; Sumner C. French, 
 March 12, 1900. 
 
CHAPTER IX 
 MEDICAL PROFESSION 
 
 Few country towns have been blessed with such a roll of 
 able and distingu'shed physicians as has Roj'alston from the 
 first settlement of the town, down through the generations to 
 the present time; whi'e many Sons of Royalston have gone out 
 and made for themselves an honored name in the profession in 
 various parts of the country. 
 
 THE DOCTORS BACHELLER 
 
 The Doctors Bacheller, father and son, were held in high 
 repute throughout the State. 
 
 D)\ Stephen Bacheller, Sen., was the first physician of the 
 town establishing himself here in 1768, when this whole region 
 was almost an entire wilderness, and remained here down to 
 the time of his death, in 1829, at the age of eighty-three, illus- 
 trating the highest style of fidelity to a life of professional honor 
 and duty. 
 
 He was born at Grafton, Mass., Oct. 9, 1745, a son of Mark 
 and Dorcas Bacheller. He married Meribah, daughter of James 
 and Abigail Stratton of Athol, April 28, 1774. She died Dec. 22, 
 1827, of palsy. 
 
 In his early practice he suffered much from the want of roads 
 and the condition of such as existed. He was obliged to travel 
 by marked trees, in this and neighboring towns, often by night 
 and frequently followed by bears and wolves; and to ford streams 
 at the peril of his life. Yet he never refused to respond to the 
 calls made upon him, whatever the raging of the storm, the 
 dangers of the way, or the poverty of the patients. Earl}^ in 
 life he made a profession of religion by joining the Congregat'onal 
 church of Royalston. Governor Bullock paid him a beautiful 
 tribute in his Centennial address when he said: "He deserves 
 to be cherished in the combined associations of a lengthened 
 and honored citizenship and of those solemn and tender services 
 which in nearly a half century of practice received the gratitude 
 of the living and took no reproach from the memorials of the 
 dead." He died Feb. 10, 1829, of old age. 
 
114 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 lie was succeeded by his son, Dr. Stephen Bacheller, Jr., 
 who was horn in R;\v.ilston Jan. 3, 1778. 
 
 He practiced in Royalston and in all this section of Massa- 
 chusetts nearly as long as his father. He received his preparatory 
 education at New Salem Academy and Chesterfield, N. H., 
 Academy. He commenced the study of medicine with his 
 father, but spent the later period of his pupilage under the 
 instruction of Dr. Henry Wells, of Montague, one of the most 
 distinguished physicians of New England. 
 
 At the age of 22 he began the practice of his profession in 
 Truro, on Cape Cod. This was in the autumn or winter of 1809. 
 He remained in Truro three years, when at the solicitation of 
 his father, who began to feel some of the infirmities of age, he 
 returned to his native town, and commenced practice with 
 him in 1803. It is a fact worthy of notice, that the father and 
 son practiced in town during the long period of 80 years, 
 the father 35 years before the son commenced with him, and the 
 son 4.5 years from his return to Royalston in 1803. 
 
 As a physician he held a high rank and was greatly esteemed 
 by his professional brethren. It is stated that he probably 
 had, for many years, a more extensive consultation business 
 than any other physician in the County, and perhaps in the 
 State. He was highly honored by the Mass. Medical Society, 
 of which he became a fellow June 1, 1824, and continued his 
 connection to the time of his decease. He was one of the most 
 punctual attendants at its annual meetings, often riding from 
 Royalston to Boston — 70 miles or more — in his gig the day 
 before the meeting, and returning home in the same manner, 
 the day after. He was for many j^ears one of the Counsellors 
 of the Society; two years its Vice-president; and one of the dele- 
 gates from this Society, in May, 1848, to the American Med'cal 
 Association, whose session that year was held in Bnltimore. 
 He was also one of the founders of the District Society for 
 Worcester County, and for some years its President. About 
 40 medical students studied with him some of whom became 
 eminent physicians. 
 
 Independent of his professional worth, his townsmen esteemed 
 him as a valuable citizen. He represented Royalston in the 
 State Legislature, held the office of Justice ui the Peace, and 
 served in various town offices. 
 
DR. STEPHEN BACHELLER, JR. 
 
MEDICAL PROFESSION 77J 
 
 He gave all his iiiflnence in favor of the cause of Temperaiice, 
 and contributed lil^'rally for the support of religion, educat on, 
 etc. 
 
 He died Nov., 1848, at the house of a near neighbor, where 
 he called apparently well; but soon complained of feeling faint, 
 leaned back in his chair and called for a glass of water, but 
 ])efore it could be handed him he was dead. 
 
 He married ( l)Sally Stratton, daughter of Kufus and Asenath 
 Stratton of Northfield, May 30, 1803; she died April 15, 1815 
 jind he married (2) Sarah W. Moore of Canduidgc, Jan. 1, 1816; 
 she died March 16, 1826, and he married t3)Martha Butler, 
 Dec. 25, 1826. 
 
 DR. THOMAS RICHARrSON 
 
 Dr. Thomas Richardson practiced in Royalston more than 
 twenty years, residing in the Northeasterly part of the town. 
 He was born in Leominster, Mass., Feb. 1, 1766. He studied 
 medicine with Dr. Carter of Lancaster, and Dr. Shattuck of 
 Templeton, and came to Royalston about 1790 at the age of 
 twenty-four. 
 
 He married about 1789 Jane, daughter of Rev. Joseph 
 Brown of Winchendon, minister there from 1769 to 1800. She 
 was born Feb. 20, 1765, and died Oct 17, 1828. They had eleven • 
 children born in Royalston between 1789 and 1810. He had 
 a first-class reputation as a physician and a citizen. His practice 
 was quite large and enabled him to accumulate a good property. 
 He moved to Fitzwilliam, N. H., in 1812, but did not doa large 
 business there, as his object in leaving Royalston was to 
 avoid practice on account of his health, which suffered from 
 irregular hours. He became one of the most prominent citizens 
 of Fitzwilliam, and was for a long time its largest tax payer, 
 and once at least its representative in tin- New Hampslnre 
 Legislature. He had a fine taste and a thorough knowledge 
 in raising horses, in which he stood at the head in this section 
 of the country. He died in Fitzwilliam, Aug. 8, 1852, aged 
 eighty-six and one-half 3^ears. 
 
 DR. ISAAC P. WLLLIS 
 
 Dr. Isaac P. Willis commenced practice at Richmond 
 Centre, N. H., about 1833. The History of Richmond says. 
 
12(, HISTDKV OF ROYALSTON 
 
 that he secured a fair share of practice, some of which he re- 
 tained after he removed from town." After a few years he 
 removed to Royalston and succeeded to the larg:e practice left 
 by Dr. Stephen Batcheller, where he served the people with 
 "positive skill and science in his profession." 
 
 In February 1838 he married Mary C. Stacy of Petersham. 
 They had two children, Martha Genett, born July 19, 1840 and 
 Julius Astley, born Dec. 17, 1843. He was interested in town 
 affairs and for several years served on the school committee. 
 He was spoken of as able, public spirited and with a big hearted 
 sympathy for all the sick ones, especially for the children. He 
 died aliout 1863 or '64 of diphtheria which he took from one of 
 his patients. 
 
 DR. HORACE TRACY HANKS. 
 
 One of the Royalston physicians, who practiced in town for 
 three or four years just after the Civil War, and who is still 
 remembered by some of the older people, was Dr. Horace Tracy 
 Hanks. 
 
 He was born at East Randolph, Vt., June 27, 1837. As a 
 boy he went to the Orange County and West Randolph, Vt., 
 Academies. In 1859 he was studying medicine under Prof. 
 Walter Carpenter of Burlington, Vt., and attending lectures at 
 the University of Vermont. In 1831 he graduated from the 
 Albany City Medical College and spent one year in the Albany 
 City Hospital. 
 
 Early in 1862 he received his commission as Assistant Surgeon 
 in the 30th R9gim9nt New York Volunteers. After serving in 
 the field for one year and participating in several of the principal 
 battles fought by the Army of the Potomac, notably those of 
 Fredericksburg under Gen. Burnside, and Chancellorsville under 
 Gen. Hooker, he was ordered to Washington and for a consider- 
 able time was in charge of the Armory Square Hospital. After 
 being mustered out he came to Royalston and practiced here 
 until 1838. While in Royalston he was prominent in the social 
 life of the place, was a member of the School Committee, and 
 one of the Committee having charge of the Dedication of the 
 Town hall in 1833. In 1858 he went to New York to attend 
 lestures at the College of Physicians and Surgeons, and decided 
 to settle in that City. In 1872 he was appoi-nted one of the at- 
 
DR. FRANK ^V. ADAMS 
 
MEDICAL PROFESSION 117 
 
 teniing gynecologists to the Demilt Dispensary. He was 
 Assistant Surgeon in the Woman's Hospital in 1875, and was 
 promDted to Attending Surgeon in 1879. He delivered the 
 course of lectures on Obsetrics at Dartmouth Medical College 
 in 1878. In 1885 was chosen one of the professors of diseases 
 in the New York Post Graduate Medical School and held the 
 position until 1898 when failing health compelled him to resign. 
 He was a member of various Medical Societies, was vice-presi- 
 dent of the New York Academy of Medicine three years, and 
 president of the Medical Society of the County of New York 
 two years. 
 
 In 1898 the University of Rochester conferred upon him 
 the honorary degree of L. L. D. He contributed many excellent 
 papers to the Medical press. He was twice married, first to 
 Miss Mirtha L. Fisk in 1834, who died in 1838, leaving one 
 daughter who died in New York. He married, second, in 1872, 
 Miss Julia Dana Godfrey of Keene, N. H. by whom he had two 
 daughters. He died Nov. 18, 1990. 
 
 DR. FRANCIS WAYLAND ADAMS 
 
 Dr. Francis Wayland Adim^, pDpularly ca'led 'Frank" 
 from his childhood, was born in Brookfiekl, Mass., Feb. 18, 1840, 
 the son of Daniel Emerson and Lucy (Hastings) Adams. He 
 is a direct descendant of Henry Adams of Braintree, who landed 
 in th s country 1632, and who was the progenitor of John and 
 John Quincy Adams, presidents of the United States. 
 
 From the preparatory school of Rev. David Perry at Brook- 
 field he entered Amherst Co lege in 1858, graduating in 1862. 
 Aroused by the bombardment of Fort Sumpter, he labored 
 hard in addition to the work of the curriculum to make himself 
 familiar w th the military tactics and drill of the regular army, 
 and soon after receiving his degree of Bachelor of Arts he enlisted 
 on the quota of Brookfield as a private in Company B, 51st 
 Regiment of Massachusetts Volunteers. 
 
 A few weeks later, having shown proficiency in the tactics, 
 he was commissioned First Lieutenant from the ranks, and as 
 such saw active service with his regiment in North Carol na. 
 His health, however, had been greatly impaired by the double 
 labors of his last year at col ege, and after the march to Goldsboro, 
 N. C, and subsequent picket duty in the swamps on the 
 river Neuse, he fell a victim to mi ar".a with serious complicationg 
 
118 
 
 HISTORV OF ROY ALSTON 
 
 which resulted in his discharge, Jan. 25, 1863, for disab llties 
 received in the Hne of duty. 
 
 Returning to the north in search of health, he in fme re- 
 covered sufficiently to accept a position as principal of Lawrence 
 Academy, FalmDuth, Mass., a funded institution which was 
 converted into a h'gh schoo' a few years 'ater by an act of legis- 
 liture. He held this office for nearly three years, but not having 
 fully regained his health and find'ng the confinement of the 
 school room debilitating, he resigned his position and took up 
 the study of medicine. 
 
 He received al)out this time the degree of Master of Arts 
 from Amherst College, and in 1865 he entered the medical 
 department of Harvard University. In the meantime, while 
 studying medicine, he held the position of apothecary at the 
 Retreat for the Insane, Hartford, Conn., and on receiving hi^ 
 degree as Doctor of Medicine from Harvard in 1868, he became 
 second assistant physician at the Retreat for the Insane. 
 
 After a year of hospital experience, and feeling the need of 
 an open air hfe, he decided upon general practice, and at the 
 solicitation of his brother, Dr. Henry O. Adams, who was then 
 in practice at South Royalston, he located in Royalston Centre 
 in 1839, as su3ces=^or to Dr. Henry A. Deane. Two years later 
 he removed to Fishkill-on-the-Hudson, N. Y., and became a 
 partner of a college classmate, Dr. Charles N. Kittredge, in 
 the conduct of a sanitarium, but in 1875 he was waited upon 
 by a delegation from Royalston, who in behalf of a few citizens 
 offered him a regular salary in addition to the receipts of his 
 practice if he wou'd return to that town and locate as a physician. 
 This proposition he finally accepted and the agreement was 
 faithfully kept during the lifetime of the several parties. 
 
 In 1872 he married Fannie Russell, daughter of Chauncj* 
 and Caroline (Morse) Chase of Royalston. Their ch'ldren are: 
 
 Mabel Winifred, born in Fishkill-on-the-Hudson, Nov. 17', 
 1873. She graduated from Northfield Seminary in 1895 and 
 from Cornell University in 1899, and is now the wife of Wil iam 
 H. Burr, Esq., a lawyer at Rochester, N. Y. 
 
 Roljert Winthrop, l)orn in Royalston, Oct. 27, 1881, a sketch 
 of whose career will be found on another page of this history. 
 
 Mr. Adams has been in continuous practice of his profession 
 at Royalston s nee 1875, and during this time he has ministered 
 
MEDICAI. PROFESSION Hg 
 
 to the bodi y needs of three generations of its townspeople, 
 bringing comfort to hundreds of homes by his slvill and never- 
 failing cheerfulness. 
 
 In addition to this faithful labor of forty years devoted to 
 the phys cal needs of his fellow ctizens he has taken an active 
 and useful part in the civic and religious affairs of the town, 
 as evidenced by the record of his career as a public servant. 
 
 He has held the office of Town Clerk for two extended terms, 
 1877 to 1889, and 1900 to 1915 inclusive, making a total service 
 of twenty-nine years, the longest in the h' story of this office. 
 The same remark applies to the office of Town Treasurer which 
 he held in 1888 and again 1909 to 1915 inclusive, a total tenure 
 of seventeen years He has also acted for twenty-nine years as 
 a trustee of the Public Library and at various times in other 
 positions of public trust. He has held a commission as Justice 
 of the Peace for thirty-eight years, and a commission as Notary 
 Pubhc for thirteen years. In 1883 Dr. Adams served as repre- 
 sentative from the First Worcester Distr ct during the famous 
 "Butler Session" of the General Court. 
 
 To the relig'ous welfare of the community Dr. Adams has 
 always given generously of his time and strength, having been 
 Clerk of the First Congregational Church twenty-two years, 
 Deacon twenty-two years, and Supe:i itendent of the Sunday 
 school twenty-seven years, all of which offices he is holding at 
 the present time. In 1875 to 1889 he occupied the position of 
 chorister, bringing to this office the experience he had accjuired 
 as organist of the Dutch Reformed Church at Fishkill-on-the- 
 Hudson. 
 
 He has in other ways been closely identified with the musical 
 history of the town, and was one of the founders, in 1879, of 
 the Madrigal Club, an organization which established an envial)le 
 reputat'on in this and surrounding towns for the excellence of 
 its concerts and dramatic productions. The proceeds of these 
 entertainments were devoted to the purchase of the piano now 
 in use at the Town Hall, and to other public purposes. 
 
 While the activities wh'ch have been mentioned are those 
 in wh ch Dr. Adam? has been most closely identified with the 
 affairs of the town of Royalston, it is probable that he is more 
 widely known in other towns through his services as an orator 
 in connection with Memorial Day exercises, and Regimental 
 
120 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 Reunions on which occasions it is his custom to delver an epic 
 poem of which he is the author, and which deals historically 
 and dramatically with the principal events and actors n the 
 Civil War. This poem was inspired by his own experiences, 
 and the patriotic sentiment which has ever been a leading motive 
 in his own career is well expressed in its stirring lines, some of 
 which are published in another part of this history. 
 
 Among the Sons of Royalston, who have attained distinction 
 in the'medical profession in other towns and cities are the follow- 
 ing :Z)?-. Jame^ Bacheller, a son of Dr. Stephen Bacheller was born 
 in Royalston June 5, 1791. He married Dec. 31, 1821, Persis, 
 daughter of PhiUips and Persis (Joslin) Sweetzer of Marlboro, 
 N. H.; she was born Sept. 16, 1799, and died Aug. 14, 1851. 
 Dr. Bacheller established himself as a physician in the town of 
 Marlboro, N. H., in 1818. His practice in that place covered a 
 period of thirty-seven years, and during those years he gained 
 an enviable reputation both in his profession and as a citizen of 
 strong impulses in favor of human liberty, the temperance cause, 
 and general good order and uprightness. As a physician he 
 ranked high in all the region and was for some time the President 
 of the New Hampshire Medical Society. Dr. Bacheller was 
 also a representative and senator in the General Court of New 
 Hampshire, a councillor, and a delegate to the convention to 
 revise the State Constitution in 1850 and 1857. 
 
 In 1855 he removed to FitzwiUiam, N. H., where his abihties 
 were well-known, and though he did not seek practice in that 
 town his business was large for a number of years or till failing 
 health led to his retirement. He died April 14, 1866, aged eighty- 
 three years. 
 
 Dr. Hosea Davis, son of Asahel and Deborah (Mason) Davis, 
 was born in Royalston June 21, 1816. He pursued the usual 
 course of New England Farm life, attending school, teaching, 
 taking a course at the Academies in Sherborn, Mass., and New 
 Ipswich, N. H., and finally graduating at Dartmouth College 
 in 1842. After his graduation he removed to the state of Mary- 
 land and engaged in teaching. 
 
 Subsequently he removed to Indiana and studied for the 
 profession of medicine with Dr. Marshall Seaton in Rushville, 
 Indiana, and engaged in the practice of his profession for three 
 
MEDICAL PROFESSION 121 
 
 years in a small town nearby, after which he went to Littleton, 
 Schuyler County, Illinois, in December, 1850. Here on the 18th 
 day of October, 1853, he was married to Miss Maria Cynthia 
 Marks, who died on the 23d day of September, 1856, leaving to his 
 tender care two daughters. On the first day of April, 1860, he 
 was united in marriage with Miss Sarah Abby Stevens of Mass- 
 achusetts. Seven children were born to them, two of whom 
 died young. From the time of his location in Littleton until his 
 death, a period of over thirty-seven years, he was engaged in 
 the practice of his profession. For a number of terms at intervals 
 he represented the people of Littleton township in the board of 
 Supervisors of Schuyler County. He was one of the Represen- 
 tatives of the District of which Schuyler County then formed 
 a part in the Legislature of the State of Illinois for one term. He 
 was highly respected by all who knew him well. He was a 
 central figure in the County, being known more or less to all 
 professional men. 
 
 T>r. Horace Jacobs, son of Simeon and Molly (Kenney) 
 Jacobs was born in West Royalston, April 5, 1816. He was 
 the sixth child of a family of nine boys, and when bis father died 
 in 1824, the oldest one was less than nineteen years of age and 
 the youngest a little over one year. Two years later the mother 
 had died and the children were scattered over the country. 
 Horace remained in Royalston and had the advantages of the 
 public schools of the town for obtaining an education which 
 was all the schooling he received. He studied medicine in Exeter, 
 Me. and South Hadley, Mass., and began practicing his pro- 
 fession in Chicopee, Mass., when twenty-eight years of age. He 
 went to Springfield in 1857, where he became one of the most 
 prominent physicians of the city. He married Emily Owen of 
 Westfield, whose father owned a large part of Mount Tom. Their 
 children were: Dr. Chauncey A. Jacobs: Mary Jacobs living in 
 Springfield, Horace Jacobs who has a fancy goods store in 
 Boston, Rachel B. Jacobs who graduated at Vassar College, 
 was a teacher in Springfield, for twelve years a member of 
 the School committee of that city and active in both church 
 and charitable matters. She died at the age of fifty years; 
 and Miriam Jacobs who was the wife of Rev. C. F. Rice, a 
 prominent Methodist minister of the New England conference. 
 
222 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 Dr. Daniel Choate Perkins, second son of Rev. Ebenezer Per- 
 kins was born in Royalston Nov. 10, 1824. He entered Amherst 
 College in the class of 1849, and was in college between two and 
 three years. Graduated from the Harvard Medical College 
 in 1850. Commenced to practice medicine in Enfield, Mass., 
 and later in Springfield and Peabody, Mass., where he died Nov. 
 3, 1863. His remains were brought to Royalston in 1902 for 
 burial in the family lot. He married Mehitable C. Procter, 
 who after her husband's death taught school in Royalston for 
 a year. She afterwards married James Baxter, Ex-Mayor of 
 Portland, Me. He had no children. He is described as being 
 a delicate, nervous man, with a sensitive temperament and a 
 fine face. 
 
 Dr. Andrew Jackson Flagg, son of John Jr., and Rhoda Flagg, 
 was born in Royalston, Jan. 4, 1832. He graduated at the 
 Philadelphia Medical College and commenced the practice of 
 medicine at Claremont, N. H. A few years previous to his 
 death he moved to Fitchburg and made a specialty of chronic 
 diseases. He died Jan. 24, 1883. 
 
 Dr. Leander Sfiiifh gvaclnaied hom the medical department of 
 Dartmouth College in 1834. He studied with Dr. Stephen 
 Batcheller in Royalston and succeeded Dr. Ballou as physician 
 in Richmond, N. H. He married Elizabeth, the only daughter 
 of Dr. John Parkhurst of Richmond, N. H., and moved to Penn- 
 sylvania. 
 
 Dr. Samuel Augusus Fiske was born in Royalston, Feb. 
 9, 1856, a son of Robert F. and Narcissa Perry (Whittemore) 
 Fiske. He graduated at Yale in 1877, studied at Harvard 
 Medical school and became professor in a medical school in 
 Denver, Col., later being made Dean in 1895. Later he came 
 east and began private practice in Brimfield. He became very 
 active in tuberculosis work and other medical researches, writing 
 considerable on these subjects. He had especially studied the 
 climate of Colorado, California and Nassau. Feb. 22, 1906, 
 he married Miss Clara W. Crumb, youngest daughter of Mr. 
 and Mrs. Waitstill Crumb of Royalston. He died in 1915. 
 
 Dr. Ebenezer A. Deane, a son of Jeremiah Deane, was born 
 in Royalston Jan. 16, 1825. He was educated at Goodale 
 
LEGAL PROFESSION 123 
 
 Academ}', leaving Royalston when a young man. He became 
 very prominent and successful in his practice. He died at Mon- 
 tague City in June, 1908, being the oldest member of the County 
 Medical Society. 
 
 Dr. Peletiah Metcalf, fifth child of Peletiah and Lydia 
 (Estey) Metcalf, was born in Royalston July 29, 1780. He 
 settled as a physician in Pawtucket and Woonsocket, R. I., 
 where he was a prominent physician for many years, and where 
 he died Oct. 26, 1866. He married Abigail Howes and they had 
 two children. 
 
 THE LEGAL PROFESSION 
 
 While Royalston all through its history has been blessed 
 with physicians of more than ordinary skill in their profession 
 and of high character and attainments, tradition says Royalston 
 never enjoyed the presence of a settled lawyer for more than 
 three months. It is said that soon after the settlement of the 
 town, a young sprig of the law made his appearance here, but 
 after a trial of about three months, the good people made him 
 the offer of a cow if he would leave town. It is said that he left 
 and the town has never had a resident lawyer since. 
 
 But if the town has not been a good place for lawyers to 
 practice in, it has been a good place for them to be born in, and 
 there is a good list of natives of the town who have attained 
 distinction in the legal profession in various parts of the country. 
 Among these are Alexander H. Bullock, Asahel Peck, Hamilton S. 
 Peck, Nahum Peck, Charles A. Gregory, Benjamin C. Perkins, 
 Stephen Holman, Jenner Morse, Charles H. Goodell, Arthur C. 
 Brown. 
 
 Nahum Peck, eldest son of Squire and Elizabeth (Goddard) 
 Peck, was born in Royalston, Oct. 5, 1796. He was descended 
 from Joseph Peck of Belton, Yorkshire County, England, being 
 the seventh generation from the Puritan ancestor, who came 
 from Hingham, England to Hingham, Mass., in 1638. Nahum 
 Peck's father moved to Montpelier, Vt., about 1806. Nahum 
 studied law and was admitted to Washington County bar in 
 1823. He later moved to Hinesburg where he was honored by 
 
124 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 many positions from his townsmen. He represented his town in 
 the Vermont Legislature several terms, and was a prominent 
 lawyer in his part of the State. He was an ardent abolitionist 
 and temperance reformer. He was twice married, Oct, 1825, 
 to Lucinda Wheeler of Montpelier, who died Jan. 14, 1854, and 
 to Marcia Wood of Keesville, N. Y., in 1857, she died in 1875. 
 
 He had one son by his first wife, Cicero Goddard Peck, born 
 Feb. 17, 1828. He prepared for college, but was obliged to give 
 it up on account of ill health.. 
 
 He lived on a farm all his life and was interested in develop- 
 ing the agriculture of his county. He was elected to the Vermont 
 f[ouse and Senate, was a member of the State Board of Educa- 
 tion, Trustee of the Reform School and town superintendent 
 of schools of Hinesburg. He was a prominent Good Templar, 
 and member of the Methodist Church. He married Maria 
 Coleman of Hinesburg. They had no children of their own, but 
 an adopted daughter, who married Rev. M. R. France. 
 
 Benjamin Conant Perki7is, son of Rev. Ebenezer Perkins, 
 was born in Royalston Jan. 23, 1827, graduated at Dartmouth 
 College in 1848, studied law with Hon. Asahel Huntington and 
 Rufus Choate. He was State Senator for two terms, and Regis- 
 ter of Bankruptcy for Essex County. Practiced law in Salem. 
 
 He married, first, Julia A. Pearson, Oct. 8, 1853, she was 
 the daughter of Samuel A. and Sarah A. Pearson of Hanover, 
 N. H. She died, April 30, 1863. He married, second, widow 
 Helen M. (Dole) Wills, daughter of Carlton and EHzabeth 
 (Carlton) Dole, Nov. 8, 1865, she died Oct. 23, 1879. 
 
 Charles Augustus Gregory, son of General Franklin Gregory, 
 was born in Royalston Sept. 7, 1833. He graduated from Har- 
 vard College in the class of 1855. He resided one year in Cambridge 
 after graduating, studying at the Law School ; he then spent six 
 months studying law in the office of Hon. E. R. Hoar and Horace 
 Gray, Esq., in Boston, and was admitted to the Suffolk Bar 
 about the month of April, 1857. He then went to Chicago, 
 Illinois, to reside, and to practice law. He entered the office of 
 Messrs. Arnold, Larned and Lay, and was soon after admitted 
 to the bar in Illinois. He formed a co-partnership with Messrs. 
 Arnold and Lay, which was know as the firm of Arnold, Lay 
 and Gregory; subsequently the firm became Arnold and Gregory 
 
LEGAI, PROFESSION 125 
 
 and in 1861 he was practicing law alone, and so continued until 
 1835, when he resumed his partnership with Hon. Isaac Arnold, 
 and was for many years one of the prominent lawyers of Chicago. 
 He was also interested in other business and had accumulated 
 a large property before the fire. Subsequently he was president 
 of the Cook County Land Company. He was married in Chicago 
 Dec. 4, 1861, to Julia A., daughter of C. W. and Maria Booth, 
 of New York. They had one son, Harold, who died Feb. 22, 
 1896, unmarried. He was about twenty-seven years of age and 
 had studied at Harvard University. Charles Augustus Gregory 
 died in the summer of 1915 at Chicago. 
 
 Arthur C. Brown, youngest son of Elisah F. and Angeline 
 (French) Brown was born in Royalston May 11, 1855. He 
 removed to Athol with his parents when a boy, was educated 
 in the Athol schools, fitted for college at the Fitchburg High 
 School, and entered Harvard College in 1875 from which he 
 graduated with excellent rank in 1879; studied law at the 
 Columbia law school in New York, and also in the law office 
 of Eliot F. Shepard, a son-in-law of William H. Vanderbuilt. 
 He then began the practice of law which he continued for several 
 years, when he entered the office of a large insurance company 
 in New York, and assisted in the legal department of the busi- 
 ness. He died in 1899. 
 
 Charles H. Goodell, was born in Winchendon, May 8, 1854. 
 His parents died when he was a young boy, his mother when he 
 was eight years of age, and his father when he was ten. His 
 health was poor and he was placed on a farm in Royalston. 
 His early manhood alternated between teaching and attending 
 schools in Massachusetts, New Hampshire and Michigan. He 
 completed his academic course at Caro, Mich., and did work 
 on a country newspaper. In 1885 he went to Worcester and 
 entered the General offices of the Worcester, Nashua and Roches- 
 ter Railroad as stenographer to the general manager. 
 
 He was for a time with the Whitcomb Envelope Co., and for 
 five years was private secretary to Phillip W. Moen; after 
 that for ten years he was with the Mutual Life Insurance Co., 
 chiefly in the office of the president. 
 
226 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 In April, 1901, he was appointed by Senator George F. Hoar 
 clerk of the United States Senate Committees on privileges and 
 elections, and acted as the Senator's private secretary for several 
 years. He was Principal of the Worcester evening school for 
 five years. He was admitted to the bar in January, 1902, and for 
 a number of years had an office in the State Mutual building 
 in Worcester, where he practiced his profession until his death. 
 
CHAPTER X 
 RED LETTER DAYS OF ROYALSTON HISTORY 
 
 There are days in the history of nations and towns as 
 well as individuals that stand out above other days in the 
 memories of those who take part in and witness the events 
 that transpire. The records of the occasions that are ob- 
 served on these days are worthy of being preserved by the 
 printed page and transmitted to future generations as a part 
 of the history of town or nation. 
 
 The town of Royalston has some of these Red Letter Days 
 which will be described in this chapter. 
 
 CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION 
 
 The question of celebrating the hundredth anniversary of 
 the settlement and incorporation of Royalston had been 
 discussed for some time, but no public action was taken 
 until April 4, 1864, when the town chose a committee of 
 seven to consider and report upon that question. 
 
 The committee consisted of Rev. E. W. Bullard, Salmon S. 
 Farrar, Jarvis Davis, Esq., Joseph L. Perkins, Cyrus Davis, 
 John N. Bartlett and Luther Harrington. 
 
 This committee reported to the town Nov. 8, 1864, and 
 among the recommendations made were the following: That 
 Wednesday, Aug. 23, 1865, be the day for observing the 
 commemorative services of the settlement and incorporation 
 of Royalston; that these services be, a Commemorative 
 Address, Poems, and a free collation, with appropriate 
 religious exercises; that Royalston's honored son, and Massa- 
 chusetts peerless orator, the Hon. Alexander H. Bullock, be 
 invited to deliver the address, and Samuel C. Gale, Esq., and 
 Albert Bryant, A.M., the poems. 
 
 These recommendations were adopted by the town, and a 
 committeee of fifteen was chosen to have charge of the celebra- 
 tion. That committee consisted of Eev. E. W. Bullard, Joseph 
 
128 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 Raymond, Benj. H. Brown, Jarvis Davis, John N. Bartlett, 
 Russell Morse, Jr., Cyrus B. Reed, Wellington White, Cyrus 
 Davis, Arba Sherwin, John M. Upham, Edmund Stockwell, 
 Timothy Clark, Joseph L. Perkins and Maynard Partridge. 
 
 An historical committee was also appointed at the same 
 time to make researches in reference to the history of Royal- 
 ston with a view to their preservation and ultimate publi- 
 cation; this committee consisted of seven as follows: Barnett 
 Bullock, Esq., Daniel Davis, John N. Bartlett, Joseph R. 
 Eaton, Chas. H. Newton, Luther Harrington and Horace 
 Pierce. 
 
 In addition to the Orator and Poets chosen by the town, 
 the committee chose Rev. E. W. Bullard of Royalston, Pres- 
 ident, Rev. A. E. P. Perkins of Ware, Chaplain, Hon. Geo. 
 Whitney of Royalston, Chief Marshal, and Benj. C. Perkins 
 of South Danvers, Toastmaster of the day. Letters of 
 acceptance, or the personal acceptance of these positions, 
 were duly received from all these gentlemen, except Samuel C. 
 Gale of Minneapolis, Minn., who was obliged reluctantly to 
 decline. The services of the Ashburnham Cornet Band, and 
 of the united choirs of the town were secured for the day. 
 
 The Centennial Day at last arrived; it was preceded by a 
 stormy evening and night, but opened with one of the most 
 perfect summer mornings, everything appearing fresh and 
 beautiful, and Royalston in all her loveliness stood forth to 
 welcome back her ^ons and daughters to their old homes. 
 At an early hour the Common was alive with people, and all 
 the roads were pouring in the visitors from neighboring towns. 
 About ten o'clock a.m., the sound of martial music was 
 heard, and the grand procession began to form under the 
 direction of Chief Marshal Whitney, and the people were soon 
 seated in the spacious tent where the speaking of the day was 
 to be held, this mammoth pavilion being erected on the 
 grounds of R. D. Ripley, Esq., immediately north of his 
 residence. Everything being in readiness the Chief Marshal 
 ascended the platform and introduced the President of the 
 day, Rev. E. W. Bullard. 
 
 The President then announced the following Vice-Pres- 
 idents and Secretaries: 
 
 Vice-Presidents. — Capt. Samuel Lee of Templeton, Rev. 
 Ammi Nichols of Braintree, N. H., Hon. Geo. C. Richardson 
 
CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION 129 
 
 of Cambridge, Benoni Peck, Esq., of Fitzwilliam, N. H., 
 Harrison Bliss of Worcester, Chauncey Peck of Boston, Rev. 
 Henry Cummings of Newport, N. H., Rev. Sidney Holman of 
 Goshen, Rev. Daniel Shepardson of Cincinnati, Ohio, Rev. 
 Ebenezer Cutler of Worcester, Thomas Norton of Portland, 
 Me., James Raymond of Brooklyn, N. Y., and Hon. Davis 
 Goddard of Orange. 
 
 Secretaries. — John P. Gregory of Cambridge, and Joseph 
 E. Raymond of Boston. 
 
 The exercises commenced with music by the Ashburnham 
 Cornet Band, after which the Chaplain, Rev. A. E. P. Perkins 
 read appropriate selections of Scripture and offered prayer. 
 
 REV. E. W. BULLARD'S ADDRESS OF WELCOME 
 
 "Ladies and Gentlemen: I am charged with a welcome for 
 the assembled children and friends of Royalston. It shall be 
 briefly spoken. Welcome to this Centennial Day! Welcome 
 to these commemorative services! Welcome to the fast rising 
 memories of the past, and the fresh joys of the present 
 hour! Welcome to the reunion of kindred, neighbors and 
 friends, recalled by this occasion to tread once more together 
 the old familiar paths, and recount the varied experiences of 
 life! Welcome to this jubilee, gratefully harmonious with the 
 public joy in the triumph of government and law over 
 treason and rebelhon, of unity over disruption, liberty 
 over oppression! Indeed, a redeemed and vindicated country, 
 methinks, welcomes this natal day of a loyal town, gives you 
 joy in the keeping of it, and, with a significance larger than 
 ever before, pledges you security in the possession and enjoy- 
 ment of the birthright of freemen. And the old flag, too, 
 baptized anew in blood, and consecrated afresh to American 
 liberty and life, welcomes you to this festival beneath her 
 ample and glorified folds. She, too, remembers the sires, 
 whose counsel and courage gave her birth; and proudly does 
 she salute the sons, who have now given their voice to say it, 
 and their blood to seal — 'Let her be perpetual! Let her 
 remain enlireV 
 
 "We meet to commemorate the history of a hundred years 
 — to recall and honor the names and the deeds, both of the 
 living and the dead, that have made this history worthy of 
 commemoration. 
 
130 HISTORY OF KOYALSTON 
 
 "A hundred years ago, and these hills and valleys were 
 covered with the primeval forest; these streams, streamlets, 
 and waterfalls wasted their song, as did the wild flowers, 
 their sweetness upon the desert air. All was a waste of 
 Nature, awaiting some plastic hand to evoke her latent powers, 
 and bid the wilderness rejoice. 
 
 "A hundred years have past since the advent of that hand; 
 and to-day the air is full of the memarie?, and our eyes 
 behold the substantial records of what that hand has wrought. 
 To give these memories tongue, these records form, and 
 beauty, and enduring life is the grateful office of the hour. 
 
 " I felicitate you in gifted sons, able and willing to dis- 
 charge the sacred trust, — a Bullock, upon whose lips the 
 college, senate and people alike, delighted hang, and to 
 honor whom with her highest gift the Commonwealth im- 
 patient waits; and a Bryant, early smitten with the love of 
 song, and still allegiant to that early love. 
 
 "You wait to hear them; and I, not less eager, this wel- 
 come spoken, give place to their labors of filial love and 
 fraternal entertainment." 
 
 The united choirs of the town then sang, to the tune of 
 "Auld Lang Syne," led by Geo. F. Miller, an original hymn, 
 written for the occasion by Mrs. George Woodbury, of 
 Royalston. Following the hymn, came the address of Hon. 
 Alexander H. Bullock. 
 
 Mr. Bullock's address occupied about one hour and a 
 half in delivery, and held the undivided attention of the 
 large audience to the end, as he rehearsed the history and 
 achievements of his native town. Refemng to its disadvan- 
 tage of remoteness from the sea, and of a northern frontier, 
 he told of the compensations it enjoyed — "of an atmosphere 
 that inspires youth and enlivens age, — of territorial possessions 
 simple indeed, but glistening with the authority of the names 
 of the fathers of American independence, — of a planting 
 in the mountain air, of a history studded with patriotic 
 associations, of a religious connection that shall bear your 
 children to heights of a happy remembrance of the names of 
 their fathers, — of a place on the sweet, broad plain of this 
 civilization of Worcester North, stars encircling overhead, 
 and a simple robustness of character sustaining the people." 
 
CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION /J/ 
 
 His closing words were a beautiful and eloquent tribute 
 to the grand old town: "Friends and fellow-citizens: This 
 imperfect tribute to the qualities and the labors of our 
 ancestors must be brought to a close. At the end of one 
 hundred years, we, their descendants, have assembled to 
 contemplate in brief review their lives and achievements. I 
 submit it to impartial judgment, that their conduct in the 
 early settlement, in the management of the town, in the 
 cultivation of the fields, in their relations with the great 
 events of the country, in all the duties of church and state, 
 in the salutary examples which have passed from one genera- 
 tion to another, — in religion, industry, politics, and daily 
 life, — has been such that we may rehearse it with pride and 
 commend it to those who shall come after us. This congrega- 
 tion of the living is equaled in numbers by those who sleep 
 in this town in the quiet enclosures of the dead. 
 
 "They speak to us out of their silence and repeat the lesson 
 of their lives. As they were bound together by the ties of 
 friendship in the primitive period of their trials, and have 
 kept the counsels of peace and unity through all the stages 
 of this history, so let that spirit control another age and the 
 felicities of social life go hand in hand with public stability 
 and prosperity. As they adapted themselves to the changing 
 requisitions of the general industry and economy, so let the 
 tides of occupation, as they come and go with you, bear 
 onward a community never behind but always advancing. 
 
 "As they never failed to uphold the honor of their country 
 by their hearts, by their declarations, and by their arms, so 
 let the American Union and the Commonwealth of Massa- 
 chusetts find in this town forever most constant friends and 
 most gallant defenders. As they have transmitted to our 
 keeping the institutions of worship and education, by them at 
 all times well endowed and well supported, so let the en- 
 dowments be multiplied and the support be enlarged till the 
 bells of the churches and the schools shall sound a welcome in 
 every ear. And when, after the passage of another century, 
 your successors shall meet over your dust to celebrate their 
 day, may it be the happiness of the intervening generations 
 to have provided for them as little for reproach and as much 
 for devout thanksgiving as we ourselves have received from 
 our fathers." 
 
132 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 Following the address, the band gave another selection, 
 after which the poet of the day, Mr. Albert Bryant, delivered 
 a commemorative poem, entitled "Memorials and Garlands," 
 which rehearsed in verse the Memorials of Royalston in a 
 charming manner, as the gifted orator preceding him had 
 eloquently described them. These exercises closed by the 
 choir and audience uniting in singing "Old Hundred." The 
 procession was then re-formed by Chief Marshal Whitney and 
 marched to the dinner tent which had been erected near 
 Colonel Whitney's residence, and where about eight hundred 
 guests sat down to the tables. After abundant justice had 
 been done to the feast, the president called the company to 
 order and introduced the toastmaster, Benj. C. Perkins, Esq.; 
 the sentiments proposed and responses elicited were reported 
 by the Barre Gazette as follows: 
 
 "The President of the United States" — was responded to 
 by the band with — "When Johnnie Comes Marching Home." 
 Edwin Pierce of New York responded for the "Sons of 
 Royalston"; Geo. Richardson of Cambridge for "The Metrop- 
 olis"; Hon. Artemas Lee of Templeton for "Worcester 
 County"; Rev. Mr. Marvin of Winchendon for "Our Sister 
 Towns"; the choir — in a piece of ancient music — for "Ye 
 Olden Time"; Mr. Gregory of Chicago for "The West"; Rev. 
 Mr. Perkins of Ware for "The Clergy"; the band for "The 
 Battlefields of Our Country," with the "Star Spangled Ban- 
 ner"; Rev. Sidney Holman for "The Schoolmasters"; Rev. 
 Mr. Wordworth for "The Fellows who Stole the Hearts of Our 
 Daughters"; the choir for "The Flag of Sumpter"; and closed 
 with "Auld Lang Syne." 
 
 Thus passed into history one of the Red Letter Days of 
 Royalston. 
 
 THE GREAT WHIG GATHERING OF 1840 
 
 One of the greatest pohtical gatherings of Northern Worcester 
 county took place in Royalston during the Log-cabin campaign 
 of 1840 and was reported by the "Boston Atlas" as follows: 
 
 "The Whig Association of Royalston — a W^hig fortress on 
 the frontier — had invited General Wilson to address them on 
 Saturday, May 30th. Notice had been posted in a few of the 
 
WHIG GATHERING OF 1 84O JJJ 
 
 adjacent towns, and the people soon began to threaten a 
 general attendance. 
 
 "The Whigs of Royalston, on old election day, put up 
 their log-cabin of white birch, as indicative of a sound flogging 
 for the enemy in the autumn; also, as symbolical of that 
 other white house which is to be entered by a new occupant 
 on the fourth of March. 
 
 "At sunrise on Saturday the national flag was streaming in 
 playful triumph over the platform and the awning of green 
 boughs. At the firing of a heavy gun in the distance about 
 9 o'clock, a fine body of seventy horses, mounted by as many 
 young Whig voters of Royalston — the first company of 
 Whig cavalry which has been raised in Worcester County — 
 was seen hurrying towards the New Hampshire line, to re- 
 ceive the artillery from Fitzwilliam, who were on the march 
 to do escort duty to their old general. This elegant com- 
 pany of brave men, in beautiful uniforms, under the command 
 of Captain Brown, being joined by the cavalry, proceeded on 
 the Keene road and received General Wilson and a rich brass 
 band from Keene, with military salute. 
 
 "Immediately after the arrival of the general on the 
 Common, the procession from neighboring towns, preceded by 
 the company of horses, began to come in. Petersham, Barre, 
 Athol and Phillipston, having united their lines of carriages 
 in one, presented a triumphal procession one mile and a half 
 in length, some of their vehicles containing from 20 to 30 
 men. There was the coach from Barre, drawn by eight fine 
 horses, crowned by its band of music vieing with the Peter- 
 sham band, which in like manner, and in the same common 
 cause, filled the air with the brazen breath of its music. 
 Almost simultaneously, came in the line from the east, 
 composed of the gatherings from Hubbardston, Templeton, 
 Winchendon and Gardner, with music from the last of these 
 towns. This procession was more than one mile in length; 
 one of the carriages from Winchendon, containing a small 
 army of seventy Whig voters, and another from Templeton 
 having fifty. Most of the carriages were refreshed with a 
 good supply of green boughs; and any friend of the adminis- 
 tration who watched appearances, must have had some of the 
 apprehensions that struggled in the breast of poor Macbeth, 
 when in the hour of his overthrow he looked out and saw the 
 
134 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 revengful army approaching Dunsinane, with branches of 
 Birnem trees waving over them: 
 
 — " 'And now a wood 
 Comes toward Dunsinane.' 
 
 "The pictorial insignia of the occasion, though hastily 
 prepared were forcibly expressive of one zeal animating all. 
 The banners of such seasons are nothing but proof sheets of 
 the fall editions. 
 
 "There was 'Athol right side up/ always admitted to be. 
 
 "'Petersha7n for Harrison,' a change in her position from 
 that of the last two elections, which is certain to be ac- 
 complished. 
 
 "'Union,' a fine flag of several towns combined. 
 
 '"The Currency too hard already,' a true sarcasm on the 
 government — and besides several others, 'Templeton Her- 
 self Again,' an assertion which her citizens can prove only by 
 vigorous exertions. 
 
 "It must not be forgotten that the ladies (whose heads are 
 always clear, hearts always true) having walked in procession 
 to the spot, listened to the addresses with much interest. 
 
 "There were more than 400 of them present. A little past 
 noon the multitude having gone in order through the log- 
 cabin, presented an attentive, intelligent and enthusiastic 
 audience of 3000, at a moderate computation; there being 
 to all appearance, at least that number of voters present. 
 
 "Messrs. Lee and Mason of Templeton, Stevens of Athol, 
 Parkhurst of Petersham, Bryant of Barre and Davenport of 
 Mendon, all spoke briefly but happily of Whig principles and 
 Whig prospects. They were frequently interrupted by the 
 enthusiastic cheers of an excited audience, and by the deep 
 toned cannon. General Wilson followed, and for two hours 
 and a quarter beguiled the people of all consciousness, except 
 that of the presence of the orator, his eloquence, and his 
 subject. This address was highly judicious. It was a 
 masterly analysis, running through the whole history and 
 policy of the National Government for 12 years — luminous 
 in exposing the progress of political error, brilliant in im- 
 passioned eloquence, and extremely forcible in appeal for 
 union and action. It was just the thing. The time and the 
 place called for it, and no more and no less. This address, 
 with the other addresses and other incidents of the occasion, 
 
DEDICATION OF NEWTON LIBRARY 133 
 
 will give an impulse to the great cause of Harrison and 
 Reform, in Worcester North, which will utter itself in swollen 
 majorities in November. 
 
 "The spirit of untiring effort is now aroused in that portion 
 of the county. The thousands of Whigs who were present 
 pledged themselves for a result which their activity will, 
 beyond all doubt accomplish, to let no enemy to Harrison 
 and Relief, find his way to the next Legislature from a 
 single town in Worcester North, and to give their due pro- 
 portion of a Whig majority of 4000 ia the county. 
 
 Petersham, Barre, Athol, Royalston, Templeton, Winchendon, 
 Phillipston, Gardner, Ashburnham, Westminster, Hubbardston, 
 Rutland, and their neighbors, will give a praiseworthy account 
 of themselves in the fall. 
 
 "At the close of the exercises, it was announced that Mr. 
 Webster would speak at Barre on the 4th of July. 
 
 "Worcester County from the north line will be present. 
 The excellent artillery from Fitzwilliam, of sixty-five good 
 men and true, it is understood, will also attend. Whether the 
 Barre folks will or not, the people will be there; for here, 
 though we would at first have had only a town affair, yet 
 having invited others to come, much to our joy the people 
 came in and made it a pageant. An abundant entertainment 
 of crackers, cider, cheese, and a few accompaniments, closed 
 the day." 
 
 DEDICATION OF THE PHINEHAS S. NEWTON PUBLIC 
 
 LIBRARY 
 
 One of the Red Letter Days of Royalston history which 
 will always be remembered with pleasure by the present 
 generation was June 28, 1911, when the Phinehas S. Newton 
 Public Library was dedicated. It was a proud day for this 
 little hill town, for while other public buildings have been 
 dedicated in town, this was the first time a building had been 
 presented to the town by one of her citizens, not as a memo- 
 rial, but as a gift from the living. When the morning of the 
 day dawned the appearance of the clouds gave rise to fears 
 of rain, but before noon the clouds had cleared away, and by 
 the time for the exercises the Common was thronged with 
 
7J(5 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 more than fiYe hundred people. Starrett's Band of iVthol 
 gave a band concert on the Common from twelve to two 
 o'clock. Caterer E. M. Read of Fitchburg provided dinners 
 for upwards of two hundred, tiibles being set in both the 
 upper and lower halls of the town hall building. At 2 p.m., 
 the exercises began in the church, which was filled to over- 
 flowing. The exercises opened with an organ voluntary by 
 Miss Cora E. Stockwell. Dr. Frank W. Adams, as master 
 of ceremonies, in a few well chosen words extended a cordial 
 welcome to all, and prayer was offered by Rev. Charles O. 
 Fogg, pastor of the Congregational Church. Dr. Frank W. 
 Adams gave a historical sketch on "The Libraries of Royal- 
 ston" from the forming of the first library in 1778, only thir- 
 teen years after the incorporation of the town, up to the 
 present day when the beautiful building bearing the name of 
 the Phinehas Newton Public Liljrary marks a new epoch in 
 the history of Royalston's public libraries. Following Dr. 
 Adams' valuable and interesting paper came a duet by Mrs. 
 Leota Richards of this town and Mrs. Jennie Richards of 
 Fitchburg. The first address of the afternoon was by one of 
 Royalston's "boys," Frederic C. Nichols, Treasurer of the 
 Fitchburg Savings Bank, upon "The Library and the Town 
 from the Standpoint of a Business Man." He paid a high 
 tribute to the town of Royalston, Miss Lizzie Chase, a former 
 librarian, and also to the donor of the building. He urged 
 upon the sons and daughters loyalty to the town, and to each 
 other. Fred W. Cross of South Royalston followed with an 
 address upon "The Library and the Public School." Then 
 followed a vocal solo by Mrs. Jennie Richards, and the 
 presentation of the deeds and keys by Warren M. Hill of 
 Boston, eldest son of William H. Hill, who presented the 
 spot upon which the library stands in memory of his deceased 
 wife, Mrs. Sarah M. Hill. These were accepted in behalf of 
 the town by Charles H. Brown, Chairman of the Selectmen, 
 who read the following resolutions of thanks adopted by the 
 town of Royalston on the acceptance of their new public library 
 building: 
 
 Whereas, a need for several years has existed of a suitable 
 and commodious building for the Public Library whose volumes 
 have been overflowing the shelf room allotted them in the 
 Town House; and 
 
DEDICATION OF NEWTON LIBRARY 13? 
 
 Whereas, Mr. Phinehas S. Newton, recognizing this need, 
 has erected a Ubrary building, which in architecture and 
 equipment has added to the beauty of the Common as well 
 as the welfare of the town; and 
 
 Whereas, Mr. William H. Hill of Brookline, has generously 
 given a suitable corner lot on his estate for the said building; 
 now therefore, 
 
 Resolved, that the thanks of the town be conveyed to Mr. 
 Phinehas S. Newton for his generous gift, which is certain to 
 be of incalculable benefit to the town in the coming years, 
 and a lasting memorial to his name; and also, 
 
 Resolved, that the thanks of the town be conveyed to Mr. 
 William H. Hill for the beautiful site he has provided for the 
 library building as a memorial to his wife, Sarah M. Hill, 
 whose interest in the Royalston Public Library was notable, 
 and which continued unabated during her lifetime; and fur- 
 ther. 
 
 Resolved, that a copy of these resolutions be presented to 
 each of the donors, and a copy also be published in the Athol 
 papers, the Fitchburg Sentinel and the Worcester Telegram. 
 Drawn and forwarded to the donors in conformity with the 
 instructions of the town at their meeting of acceptance held 
 June 17, 1911. 
 
 Frank W. Adams, 
 Rev. Chas. G. Fogg, 
 Colin Mackenzie, 
 
 Committee on Resolutions. 
 
 Rev. F. J. Fairbanks responded in behalf of the trustees of 
 the library. Dr. Adams then read a letter from Miss Bertha 
 Lee, presenting to the town for the Hbrary, a very beautiful 
 clock, the gift of Miss Bertha Lee, Mrs. Evelyn Converse of 
 Newton and Wallace Pierce of Boston, in memory of J. 
 Howard Lee, who for a number of years spent the summer 
 seasons here. Rev. F. J. Fairbanks responded in behalf of the 
 town. Miss Cora E. Stockwell gave a vocal solo, and Dr. 
 Adams then introduced the eminent surgeon^ Dr. Maurice H. 
 Richardson of Boston, who gave a brief address. Hon. 
 Herbert Parker of Lancaster gave the last address of the day, 
 which was a rare literary treat and held the close attention of 
 the audience to the end, after which the audience rose and 
 
238 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 joined in the singing of "America" and the benediction was 
 pronounced by Rev. A. M. Rice. The Hbrary, which was 
 beautifully decorated with green and flowers under the 
 direction of Miss Bertha Lee, was visited by many during the 
 day. Among those who attended the exercises were Daniel 
 Davis who was 102 years old and Mrs. Davis who was 91. 
 
 ROYALSTON S FIRST OLD HOME WEEK 
 
 The town's first Old Home Week celebration was held 
 July 30, 1903, and the sons and daughters of the old town 
 gathered from far and wide, making it almost equal to the 
 birthday anniversaries of towns. The forenoon was devoted 
 to social reunions and family gatherings, listening to the 
 music of the Red Men's band of Winchendon, and witness- 
 ing games and sports on the Common. The town hall, 
 church and buildings around the Common were beautifully 
 decorated, presenting a gala day appearance. The dinner 
 which was served in the town hall was partaken of by 800 
 people. 
 
 The literary exercises of the afternoon held in the newly 
 repaired church, continued from two until nearly five o'clock 
 and held the close attention of a large audience. The 
 exercises opened with an organ voluntary, and the singing of 
 "Old Hundred" by the audience. The divine blessing was 
 invoked by Rev. A. M. Rice, who also read the 84th Psalm, 
 and Prof. E. N. Knight of Royalston rendered a solo. 
 
 Rev. F. J. Fairbanks officiated as president of the day, 
 and in his address of welcome pictured the old mother town, 
 with a heart filled with gladness and face wreathed Avith 
 smiles greeting her sons and daughters. He alluded to the 
 nearly seven hundred stray sons and daughters scattered in 
 ,twenty-five states from Maine to Oregon and from the Great 
 Lakes to the Gulf. There were among them governors, mayors, 
 ministers, men and women in every walk of life, and it was to 
 the west part of the town that the ancestry of President 
 Garfield could be traced. Dr. Frank W. Adams was then 
 introduced as toastmaster. He first called upon Ex-Mayor 
 Thomas N. Hart of Boston, who said that although not born 
 in Royalston, he went to school here and had the foundation 
 
FIRST OLD HOME WEKK 7J9 
 
 laid for his future life. The advice that he gave for achieving 
 success was, "Do the work you have to do a little better than 
 anybody else can do it." The next speaker was Judge 
 Hamilton S. Peck, ex-mayor of Burlington, Vt., who character- 
 ized this as one of the heavenly days that cannot die. 
 
 Prof. Fred W. Cross of Palmer, a Royalston boy, told of 
 the gallant deeds of General Lysander Cutler at Gettysburg, 
 of Nahum Green, the first martyr of Royalston to the cause of 
 liberty; of Joseph Estabrook, the old-time representative; Rufus 
 Bullock, Col. George Whitney and the Doctors Batchellor. 
 
 Miss Jennie Bolton of Royalston sang, "Our Dear Old 
 Home," after which Edward E. Fisher, city engineer of 
 Rochester, N. Y., spoke briefly. Rev. Albert Bryant of 
 Scituate, who was the poet at the centennial celebration of the 
 town in 1865, read a poem descriptive of old-time characters 
 of Royalston. A paper prepared by Mrs. Calista Peck Fair- 
 banks of Winchendon was read by President Fairbanks, in 
 which she described the old Peck families of West Royalston, 
 one of which had ten children, another twelve and another 
 thirteen. Prof. Knight and Miss Morgan of South Royal- 
 ston sang "Home Sweet Home." The last speaker was Mrs. 
 C. C. Parker of Winchendon. George W. Holman of Fitch- 
 burg then presented to the Congregational Church the image 
 of Gabriel with his trumpet, which was in the old church, and 
 was rescued from the rubbish heap when that building was de- 
 stroyed. It had been in the Holman family during all those 
 years, and on this occasion he restored it to the society and 
 church. 
 
 OLD HOME DAY OF 1904 
 
 The Old Home Day observance of 1904 held on 
 
 took the form of a basket picinic. Between four hundred and 
 five hundred registered during the day, representing forty- 
 four cities and towns in seven states, the District of Columbia 
 and Sweden. A social time with games, sports, etc., occupied 
 the forenoon. The exercises of the afternoon were held in the 
 town hall. Rev. F. J. Fairbanks, president of the day, gave 
 the address of welcome. Mr. Miller gave a piano solo, prayer 
 was offered by Rev. James M. Bates of South Royalston, and 
 
14-0 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 Prof. E. N. Knight rendered a solo. Short speeches were 
 made by E. T. Lewis of Athol, who stated that his mother 
 was born in Royalston one hundred and twelve years ago and 
 raised a family of nine children; Lizzie Brown of Chicago 
 referred to the old-time teachers of Royalston who were paid 
 one dollar a week and sometimes only ninety-six cents. 
 Wood for the schools was furnished at the rate of so many 
 feet per scholar. 
 
 Other speakers were, B. H. Brown, Dr. Frank W. Adams 
 and Rev. J. M. Bates. Miss Jennie Bolton gave a vocal solo, 
 and the exercises closed with the singing of "America" the chorus 
 being led by Herman M. Partridge. Music during the day 
 was furnished by the Red Men's band of Winchendon. The 
 officers of the Old Home Association were: President, Rev. 
 F. J. Fairbanks; Secretaiy, H. M. Partridge; Treasurer, P. S. 
 Newton; Executive Committee, B. H. Brown, Leonard 
 Byam, W. W. Davis. 
 
 OLD HOME DAY OF 1910 
 
 Royalston's Old Home Day for 1910 was observed on 
 August 4th, and was a most interesting occasion, the old 
 town entertaining a large number of her sons and daughters. 
 The Common was dotted with tents where refreshments were 
 served, and the Secretary's tent where those who desired 
 could register and rest. The town hall was trimmed with 
 flags and bunting, and a number of residences also bore 
 decorations. Starrett's band of Athol gave concerts during 
 the day, and also one in the town hall in the evening. A 
 reunion dinner was served in the town hall from 11.30 to 1.30, 
 and the afternoon exercises began at two o'clock in the 
 Congregational Church. The first number on the program 
 was an organ selection by Miss Cora E. Stockwell. Rev. 
 Charles O. Fogg, pastor of the church, offered prayer, after 
 which was a selection by a quartet, and Colin Mackenzie, 
 president of the day gave the address of welcome. George A. 
 Bemis of Athol gave a clarinet solo, and then came short and 
 interesting addresses by Hamilton S. Peck of Burlington, Vt., 
 Dana M. Dustan of Worcester, John B. Bowker, business 
 manager of the Worcester Telegram, and Rev. C. B. Williams 
 of Fitzwilliam, N. H. 
 
OLD HOME DAY OF I91O 141 
 
 A feature of the day was the presence of Daniel Davis of 
 West Royalston, who was one hundred and one years old, and 
 a short paper of his own writing was read, and a royal 
 greeting given him. There was probably no other like 
 celebration in New England that could boast of the presence 
 of so old a man and a native of the town. The exercises of 
 the afternoon closed with the benediction by Rev. F. J. 
 Fairbanks of South Royalston. A program of sports had to 
 be canceled because of the rain. The closing event was an 
 old-home ball in the evening. 
 
 The officers of the Old Home Association for 1910 were: 
 President, Colin Mackenzie; Vice-Presidents, Chas. H. Brown, 
 E. B. Hanson, L. B. Shepardson; Secretary, Mrs. Stella V. 
 Newton; Executive Committee, L. G. Forbes, M. W. White, 
 W. W. Davis and W. A. Frye. 
 
 BIENNIAL REUNION OF OLD 
 
 SCHOOL DISTRICT No. 7, WEST ROYALSTON 
 
 JULY 23, 1902 
 
 For several years the reunions of this old School District 
 were most interesting occasions and largely attended, the one 
 of July 23, 1902, being one of the most interesting, about 
 seventy-five being present. Salmon Goddard of Athol, eighty- 
 seven years old, was the president of the day, and his son 
 Herbert S. Goddard, toastma.ster. Prayer was offered by 
 Deacon Harvey Bliss of Winchester, N. H. The address of 
 the day was by Judge Hamilton S. Peck of Burlington, Vt., 
 and his subject was ''New England, its Character and Worth." 
 Prof. J. K. Cole of Peabody, Mass., a former teacher in the 
 district responded for "The New England Schoolmaster." 
 Edwin Pierce of Chelsea gave "The personal recollections of 
 the political influence of District No. 7 — ^ fifty years ago." 
 
 A. J. Fisher of Orange spoke for the New England Singing 
 Schoolmaster, and Dr. Frank W. Adams of Royalston for 
 "The Country Physician," and Sheldon Moses of Worcester, 
 eighty-eight years of age, read an original poem. The officers 
 elected were: H. S. Goddard, Athol, president; Elmer Whitney 
 Orange, vice-president; Mrs. P. H. Bliss, Athol, secretary and 
 treasurer; A. M. White, Frank Louter and P. H. Bliss, 
 executive committee. 
 
142 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 ONE HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 
 
 The first action in regard to celebrating the 150th Anni- 
 versary of the town was at the Annual Town Meeting in 
 March, 1915. 
 
 Article 35 in the Warrant of March 1, 1915, was, "To see 
 if the Town will vote to observe the 150th Anniversary of 
 the Town, raise money for the same or act anything thereon." 
 Under this article it was, "Voted to celebrate the Anniversary 
 of the Incorporation of the Town, and voted to raise five 
 hundred dollars for the purpose." Also, "voted that within 
 one week a committeee of eleven shall be appointed by the 
 Moderator of which Committee he himself shall be one, 
 which shall have charge of the arrangements for the celebra- 
 tion with full power to use and appropriate the money." 
 
 In accordance with this vote, the Moderator named the 
 following committee: Dr. Frank W. Adams, Charles H. 
 Brown, Charles A. Stimson, Fred W. Cross, Walter N. Farrar, 
 Lynn M. Crumb, Clarence H. Deland, Levvens G. Forbes, 
 Luke B. Shepardson, Myron E. Stockwell, William B. Love- 
 well. 
 
 This committee met March 13, and organized with Dr. 
 Frank W. Adams as Chairman, Charles H. Brown, Secretary, 
 and Levvens G. Forbes, Treasurer, and voted that the 
 celebration be held on August 1, 2 and 3, the big day of the 
 celebration to be August 3. Sub-committees were appointed as 
 follows : Speakers — Fred W. Cross, Dr. Frank W". Adams and 
 Fred C. Nichols of Fitchburg; Finance — - Levvens G. Forbes, 
 Wm. B. Lovewell, Walter N. Farrar; Music — Chas. A. 
 Stimson, Myron E. Stockwell, Leota M. Richards; Evening 
 Entertainment — ■ Chas. A. Stimson, Eri S. Stewart, Mrs. 
 Addie Heath; Sports — Clarence H. Deland, Lynn M. Crumb, 
 S. C. French; PubHcity — L. G. Forbes, Richard Bullock, 
 Fitchburg, Wm. A. Frye; Dinner — Charles H. Brown, L. B. 
 Shepardson, Walter N. Farrar; Transportation — Willard H. 
 Newton, Miss Edith Metcalf, Herbert 0. Smith; Parade — 
 Ernest L. Graves, Charles E. Richardson, John E. Cowick, 
 Walter N. Farrar; Decorations — Mr. and Mrs. Colin Mac- 
 Kenzie, Mr. and Mrs. Calvin H. Wilcox, Jerry E. Rich, 
 Arthur C. Kendall; Grounds Committee — Chas. H. Brown, 
 S. C. French, Wm. B. Lovewell; Anticjues and Curiosities — 
 
ONE HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 143 
 
 L. G. Forbes, Colin Mackenzie, Mrs. Walter N. Farrar; 
 School Exhibits — Chas. E. Richardson, Eri S. Stewart, 
 Nelhe W. Farrar; Committee on Drinking Water — W. W. 
 Davis. 
 
 At a later meeting officers of the day were elected as 
 follows: President, Dr. Frank W. Adams; Secretary, Chas. H. 
 Brown, who chose as his assistants, Mrs. Colin Mackenzie and 
 Miss Bessie Mackenzie; Treasurer, L. G. Forbes; Chief Marshal, 
 Walter N. Farrar, who chose as his aids, L. G. Forbes and C. A. 
 Stim.son. The Reception Committee appointed consisted of 
 PhinehasS. Newton, Mr. and Mrs. L. B. Shepardson, Mr. and 
 Mrs. Donald M. Hill of Waban, Dr. Frank W. Adams and Mrs. 
 Adams, Mr. and Mrs. C. A. Stimson, Rev. F. J. Fairbanks 
 and Mrs. Fairbanks, and Mr. and Mrs. A. J. Raymond of 
 Athol. The Vice-Presidents of the day were: Phinehas S. 
 Newton, Caleb W. Day, George E. Whitney of Burlington, Vt., 
 George D. Bolton, John S. Moore, Everard B. Hanson, Frank- 
 lin H. Goddard, Col. A. George Bullock of Worcester, Rev. 
 F. J. Fairbanks, Hamilton S. Peck, Esq. of Burlington, Vt., 
 Frederick C. Nichols of Fitchburg, Benj. H. Frye, Wm. H. 
 Leathe, Hon. Thomas N. Hart of Boston, George E. Pierce, 
 A. C. White of Orange and Wellington Wliite of Owosso, 
 Michigan. Frederick C. Nichols was chosen as toastmaster 
 and Fred W. Cross to give the historical address. 
 
 The general committee met frequently during the months 
 preceding the celebration, holding twelve formal meetings 
 from first to last, while the sub-committees also held many 
 meetings and labored faithfully to ensure the success of the 
 several parts entrusted to their care. The program, as 
 arranged was successfully carried out during the three days of 
 the celebration in all its details, and within the appropriation 
 of five hundred dollars. 
 
 SUNDAY SERVICES 
 
 The opening services of the celebration were on Sunday 
 morning, August 1, when the Congregational Church at the 
 centre was fiilled by a congregation of over three hundred. 
 It was a union service of the churches of Royalston Centre, 
 South Royalston and West Royalston in which the pastors of 
 the several churches took part. The program opened with an 
 invocation by the pastor of the Centre Church, Rev. Clarence 
 
14-4- HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 Pike, followed by a chorus, "Lovely Appear" by the choir; 
 responsive reading; Gloria; hymn by the congregation; 
 reading of Scripture, Rev. H. W. Curtis, pastor of the Baptist 
 Church at West Royalston; prayer. Rev. F. J. Fairbanks, 
 pastor of Second Congregational Church, South Royalston; 
 response, male quartet; vocal solo, "The Song the Angels 
 Sing," Mrs. Addie Heath, South Royalston. 
 
 The sermon was by Rev. Asher Anderson, D.D., of 
 Fitchburg. He took for his topic, "The children of thy 
 servants shall continue and their seed shall be established 
 before thee." Psalms 102:28. It was an able and strong 
 presentation of the fact that God is still with us and in the 
 world everywhere, despite existing terrible conditions. He 
 referred to the Jewish race and the preservation of their 
 identity through all the years of hardships and separation, 
 and their faith in God. He said that we are gathered to- 
 gether to remember God and reflect, and the dominant note 
 should be "Lest We Forget." He referred to the church 
 attendance in the early days of the country, and said he 
 believed as a rule it was larger proportionately than to-day 
 everywhere. The fathers did not forget or lose faith in God; 
 if they had, this church would never have been erected or 
 maintained. This sermon should be preserved in the archives 
 of the town and church. The services closed with the 
 singing of "America" and the benediction by Rev. Mr. Pike. 
 
 EVENING SERVICES 
 
 The evening services were well attended notwithstanding 
 the rain, which commenced just before the hour for opening. 
 
 The services began with an organ prelude, following which 
 the choir gave a selection and there was reading of Scripture 
 selections by Rev. Clarence Pike and a prayer by Rev. H. W. 
 Curtis with response by a male quartet. After this Rev. 
 Clarence Pike gave an address; Dana M. Dustan of Worcester, 
 a college mate of the pastor and a former teacher at South 
 Royalston, gave an address on "Education of our Public 
 School System of the Past Fifty Years," Rev. F. J. Fairbanks 
 spoke of the three institutions — the home, church and school, 
 and Mrs. Jennie Richards of Athol rendered a solo. The 
 last speaker was Lilley B. Caswell of Athol, a former teacher 
 in both the Centre and South Royalston schools, and who is 
 
ONE HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 145 
 
 writing a history of the town. His subject was of a historical 
 nature, and treated especially of the church history, and the 
 character of the founders and early settlers of the town. 
 
 SECOND DAY 
 
 Monday, August 2, the second day of the celebration, was 
 showery, but as this day was intended more for a social time 
 and for visiting of old friends and acquaintances, the rain did 
 not materially interfere with the plans arranged for. The 
 chief place of interest to the visitors during the day was the 
 schoolhouse, where there was a fine exhibition of the work 
 which had been done by the pupils of the town, while the 
 handsome new pul^lic library building contained many inter- 
 esting things for the inspection of the visitors. Here were 
 collections of curios, relics, ancient documents and old family 
 heirlooms, and a fine display of beautiful specimens of beryl 
 from the beryl mine of Mr. F. H. C. Reynolds. In the fore- 
 noon there was a ball game between the Boy Scouts of 
 Royalston and South Royalston, the score being eighteen to 
 seven in favor of Royalston; and in the afternoon there was 
 a game between the ball players of Royalston and South 
 Royalston, in which Royalston was also the victor by a score 
 of twenty-three to seven. 
 
 THIRD DAY 
 
 The last and great day of Royalston's celebration was 
 ushered in by a sunrise salute fired from a cannon stationed 
 on one of the surrounding hills. 
 
 The last day's proceedings of the anniversary, Tuesday 
 August 3d, was the grand climax of one of the most successful 
 anniversaries ever held by any New England town. The 
 weather was cool and clear during the forenoon and the events 
 of the day drew more than three thousand people to the fine 
 old Common, where the first feature of the day was a grand 
 parade, which for artistic conception of the floats and the 
 general makeup of the parade was a credit to the committees 
 having it in charge, and is seldom surpassed b}^ even much 
 larger communities that have much more material at their 
 command. The parade started from the upper end of the 
 Common near the schoolhouse about ten o'clock, and was 
 led by Walter N. Farrar, chief marshal, with Levvens G. 
 
146 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 Forbes and Chas. A. Stimson as aids. Chief W. A. Loomis 
 and patrolmen J. F. Halloran, F. A. Graves and Perley 
 Richards headed the parade, followed by Starrett's band of 
 Athol. Several automobiles contained the officials of the 
 celebration, veteran soldiers, the Selectmen, Charles H. Brown, 
 Luke B. Shepardson and Alfred W. Neal, and Wellington 
 White of Owosso, Mich., who is the only surviving member of 
 the committee of arrangements of the Centennial Celebration 
 of fifty years ago. Then followed a long line of floats con- 
 taining the products of the towTi, both agricultural and 
 manufactured, and the organizations of the town with other 
 unique features. 
 
 The judges of the parade were. Dr. D. H. Gatchell of 
 Baldwdnville, E. D. Sargent of Winchendon and Wm. G. Lord 
 of Athol, and they awarded prizes as follows: 
 
 Best Float — Royalston Grange; second, Ladies' Benevo- 
 lent Society of Royalston and Mountain View Farm; third, 
 Eri Stewart and John Shepardson, Pike's Peak or Bust. 
 
 Best Decorated Single Team — First, J. F. Stockwell; 
 second, Mrs. Wilcox. 
 
 Most Comical Feature — Charles Simonds. 
 
 Special Features — West Royalston Surveyors. 
 
 Following the parade there were sports on the Common. 
 
 Shortly before twelve o'clock on the arrival of Acting 
 Governor Gushing and his party a salute of seventeen guns 
 was fired, and about half past twelve a procession was formed 
 headed by Starrett's band of Athol, which proceeded to the 
 large tent that had been erected between the Phinehas S. 
 Newton Library and the summer residence of Donald M. Hill, 
 formerly the Rufus Bullock mansion, where the anniversary 
 dinner was served and the speaking of the day took place, and 
 to which upwards of six hundred sat down. 
 
 Chief Marshal Walter N. Farrar called the company to 
 order and said: "Anticipation may be very agreeable, but the 
 program that we are about to commence is certainly both 
 practical and enjoyable. The citizens of Royalston have been 
 looking forward to this hour which is to follow for several 
 months and we consider ourselves extremely fortunate in being 
 able to claim among the citizens of Royalston such an ideal 
 president of the day, and it gives me great pleasure to intro- 
 duce to your Excellency the speakers of the day, fellow 
 
ONE HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 147 
 
 citizens of Royalston and friends, our president of the day, 
 Dr. Frank W. Adams." 
 
 Dr. Adams after making one or two minor communications 
 referred to the celebration of fifty years ago, and the com- 
 mittee of fifteen who arranged it, and stated that WelHngton 
 White, the only surviving member of that committee, was here 
 to-day. He asked that gentleman to rise, which he did. Dr. 
 Adams then called for all others who were present fifty years 
 ago to rise, in response to which invitation fifty-two stood up. 
 
 He then proceeded to give his address of welcome as 
 follows: "Well, friends, the old town bids you welcome. 
 Enthroned on these everlasting hills, surrounded by her faith- 
 ful sentinels, Monadnock, Watatic, Wachusett, Bald Mountain, 
 TuUy and Grace, standing guard at her outer gates, she bids 
 you enter and share with her the social interviews and 
 reminiscences, the songs and oratory, the sports and festivities 
 of this glad day. She has waited for you one hundred and 
 fifty years. Some of your faces she beheld here fifty years 
 ago, and there are fifty-two of you, a little more than one for 
 each year. Many other of your faces she hopes to see here 
 fifty years to come, for she herself will live on to the end of 
 the age. 
 
 "Royalston is proud of her record. The youngest in the 
 large family of fifty-nine cities and towns in Worcester 
 County, she has nevertheless attained an enviable round on 
 the ladder of fame, for her muscle, her brain, and her blood 
 have given a beneficent impulse to the material, political and 
 religious life of more than half the states of this union. Her 
 governors and mayors, her judges and professors, her teachers 
 and clergymen, her missionaries and her business men have 
 done in the past, and are doing to-day, a noble work for the 
 uplift of humanity. And extending to you this welcome 
 to-day, sons and daughters of Royalston, she promises to 
 watch over you for the next half century, fully confident that 
 your varied activities will add a new lustre to the bright 
 crown she already wears." 
 
 The invocation was by Rev. F. J. Fairbanks of South 
 Royalston. 
 
 President Adams in introducing the Winchendon choir 
 which rendered the anniversary hymn said: 
 
14-8 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 "Koyalston has always enjoyed the reputation of being a 
 musical town. In the records of their earliest town meetings 
 there was a sprinkling of appropriations for the 'encourage- 
 ment of good singing.' That is the way the old settlers put 
 it, meaning for the encouragement of music. There is music in 
 the Royalston air; there is music in her forests, music in her rills, 
 and wordless music in her very soil. I would like to demonstrate 
 this proposition. When Royalston's greedier sister cities and 
 towns of Worcester County had taken all the land they wanted, 
 there remained only this bit of shapeless territory in this north- 
 west corner of the county, and Royalston mildly accepted that as 
 her share. It was all that was left. It was shaped in the form of 
 a dipper; the body of the dipper with some modifications is the 
 Royalston of to-day and the handle of the dipper stretched out to 
 the eastward across the entire northern border of Winchendon 
 across Lake Monomonac to the town of Ashburnham. This 
 handle was three hundred rods wide and about seven miles 
 long and enjoyed in the old records the euphonius title of 
 the Royalston Leg. But it proved unwieldy, and it made our 
 northern border on New Hampshire fifteen miles long, and in 
 1820 the town consented to an amputation and the territory 
 was ceded to Winchendon. But the territory retained its 
 musical properties and in the course of time they permeated 
 the whole township; and when this celebration was in contem- 
 plation, the choir of the North Congregational Church in 
 Winchendon, recognizing the original source of their musical 
 inspiration, kindly offered to furnish the choral numbers for 
 this program. And it gives me great pleasure to introduce to 
 you Chorister E. D. Sargent and his noble choir." The choir 
 then rendered Mr. Bosworth's Anniversary Hymn, which 
 appears in another part of this work. 
 
 President Adams then introduced the toastmaster of the 
 day as follows: 
 
 "Very good people sometimes make serious mistakes in 
 choosing their birthplaces. The toastmaster named on the 
 program of the day is a notable illustration of this fact. With 
 the consent and co-operation of his parents he wandered 
 away from Royalston down to the city of Fitchburg and was 
 born there. But Royalston claims his childhood, his boyhood 
 and his early manhood; and it was from Royalston that he 
 went out into the larger activities of life. Royalston has 
 
ONE HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 149 
 
 always taken great satisfaction in witnessing the uniform 
 success of his business career. They have taken a greater 
 satisfaction in noteing the love and loyalty which he has 
 always cherished for the home of his ancestors. He has been 
 interested always in the welfare of her citizens, and his efforts 
 for the success of this anniversary have been intelligent and 
 tireless. The city of Fitchburg has conferred upon him 
 many honors in the past and she has for him yet other and 
 greater honors in reserve; but it is very doubtful if any honor 
 that Fitchburg can give him will bring to him a thrill of more 
 genuine satisfaction than the honor conferred upon him to-day 
 of being toastmaster for the sesquicentennial feast of old 
 Royalston. I introduce to you Mr. Frederic C. Nichols of 
 Fitchburg." 
 
 Mr Nichols said: "This magnificent gathering, the climax 
 of the 150th anniversary celebration of the beautiful town of 
 Royalston, should be an inspiration to anyone given an op- 
 portunity to speak here. But I shall not, even to acknowl- 
 edge the kindly words of our honored president, attempt a 
 speech. Were I to do so, however, I should use as my text 
 the words of Longfellow: 'We may build more splendid 
 habitations; fill our rooms with paintings and sculptures; 
 but we cannot buy with gold the old associations.' Though 
 not born in Royalston, I was, to use the New England ex- 
 pression, 'raised here'; and my associations and memories 
 from a very small boy up to this moment are exceedingly 
 pleasant. I believe it is but the simple truth when I say to 
 you that no man living is prouder of the wonderful history of 
 this town than I am. But that will be touched upon by 
 Representative Cross, who, by the way, I hope to see attain 
 even further political honors now that he has returned to his 
 first and true political love. But it is in the Royalston of 
 to-day and the future that I am most interested. I have 
 thought over its problems quite as much as if I lived here, and 
 have come to the conclusion that the brightest hope of the 
 future is to restore this town to its former prestige as a 
 farming community. The product of the soil, to my mind 
 deaiands the first consideration, and a system must be in- 
 volved by which the farmer may handle that which is produced 
 in such a way as to retain for himself a fair share of the 
 profits of his labor. The wealth of the world comes out of 
 
250 HISTORY OF ROYAI.STON 
 
 the land, and man must dig for it. Adam was tokl in the 
 Garden of Eden — Dr. Adams says this quotation is correct — 
 'In the sweat of thy face shalt thou eat bread.' From then 
 until now 'the man with the hoe' has been the man who has 
 added to the wealth of the world; and from that day there 
 seems to have been implanted in every human breast an 
 inclination to till the land. And this is well; for there seems 
 to be something in the touch of the sod that gives strength 
 and vigor and character to man. 
 
 "It is an established fact that the great industries of the 
 cities are built up and maintained ])y men who came from the 
 rural sections. A recent canvass of one of the great cities has 
 shown that out of one hundred successful men, eighty-five 
 came from the country. There can be no question that our 
 very civilization depends upon the character and strength of 
 the life developed at the countryside. You who live here all 
 the year round know, however, much better than we outsiders 
 that the beautiful trees in these fields do not derive their 
 strength from their blossoms nor from their fruit; their 
 strength comes from their roots. So with a nation and a 
 town. They are not fed from the top; they are not fed from 
 the conspicuous people down; they are fed from the incon- 
 spicuous people up. And those who tap the unexhausted soils 
 and their virgin resources are the best feeders of a pure 
 democracy and lay the foundation for the highest type of 
 good citizenship such as have been and are now living in the 
 lovely town of Royalston. 
 
 "I sincerely trust, my friends, all the good things you did 
 not get in the last fifty years may come to you before the 
 200th anniversary and that you all may, with brave spirits 
 and cheery hearts, reach the goal of your highest hopes. 
 
 "We certainly have received inspiration from the splendid 
 address of Dr. Adams, the thoughtful prayer of the Rev. Mr. 
 Fairbanks, and we have a wonderful array of speakers here. 
 In common with you all, I deeply regret the absence of 
 Governor Walsh to-day. He intended to come to Royalston, 
 and he would have enjoyed it here and you would have 
 enjoyed hearing him speak. But we are fortunate in having 
 the acting Governor and Lieutenant-Governor of the Common- 
 wealth, Grafton D. Gushing here. I am going to ask you all 
 to rise when I introduce to you the Honorable Grafton D. 
 
ONE HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 151 
 
 Gushing, acting Governor and Lieutenant-Governor of 
 Massachusetts." 
 
 Mr Gushing said that when asked some three months ago 
 to save the third of August for Royalston he did not know 
 that it would fall to his lot to have the honor to represent 
 the Gommonwealth in the royal town of Royalston. "It is 
 one of the pleasant duties of office to be allowed to come to 
 gatherings of this sort, — to town gatherings. For a town 
 has a particular atmosphere of its own. In a city there is no 
 community of thought; there is no community of interest. 
 In a town you all know each other; and when you come into 
 a town you feel you get personally to know the inhabitants 
 of the town. 
 
 "The town meeting, is the most democratic form of govern- 
 ment; it is the form of government that is at the basis of our 
 institutions, and has been at the bottom of our prosperity. 
 And the men who have gone out of the traditions of our form 
 of government to other parts of the country have carried with 
 them the American ideals, have founded new communities and 
 have brought up their children to believe as we believed in 
 good old New England." 
 
 Referring to town and state expenditures he said: "But 
 when you come to the great state, when you come to the 
 complications of modern life, it is very difficult always to 
 follow your expenditures. After all, you know, we are a 
 pretty young nation and are not very well developed in the 
 science of government; and from time to time we see the need 
 of stretching out in some new direction. And the way we do 
 it is to form a board or commission to oversee that particular 
 part of our state's activities, with the result that we have in 
 Massachusetts to-day over one hundred commissions, tempo- 
 rary and permanent. Now all these are problems which 
 cannot be solved in a day, but in course of time we shall be 
 able to develop a system of control of expenditures. There 
 is no place in the country where they are properly controlled. 
 For they should bear equally on all and not unequally, as 
 they do in Massachusetts to-day." 
 
 Toastmaster Nichols in presenting Fred W. Gross said: 
 ' 'Since the days of Timothy Richardson, Royalston's first 
 representative to the great and general court, Royalston 
 has sent splendid men to do her honor under the Gilded Dome 
 
JSJ HISTORY OF ROY ALSTON 
 
 in both the Senate and the House. Their influence has Ijeen 
 lessened because their service was too short. For the first 
 time in a very long period a man from Royalston has been 
 sent for two consecutive years. He is to give the historical 
 address, and there is no man better qualified. He is a credit 
 to this or any other community, and he has helped to put 
 Royalston on the map more, perhaps, than any other one man 
 in a decade. He needs no introduction to you here, but it is 
 a peculiar pleasure to present my personal and dear friend, 
 your hustling representative to the Legislature, Fred W. 
 Cross." 
 
 Representative Fred W. Cross after referring to the intro- 
 duction of the toastmaster said: "I am placed in a peculiar 
 position. After a most excellent outline of Royalston's 
 history has within a week been published in one of our local 
 papers; after a talented preacher has preacher! an historical 
 sermon in the neighboring church within two or three days; 
 after the author of Royalston's forthcoming town history has 
 at the evening service in that church given an outline of the 
 church history in Royalston; and after the president on this 
 occasion has touched upon some of the interesting and 
 amusing things of Royalston's history, I am asked to give an 
 historical address. But I am going to punish you just the 
 same. Royalston invites you here to-day to celebrate with her 
 not her age, but her youth. And while there are munici- 
 palities boasting of their two hundred or two hundred and 
 fifty years of history, she comes to tell you that she is only 
 one hundred and fifty years old. But the book of those years 
 has written upon its pages as many honorable records as you 
 might wish to read." 
 
 Mr. Cross then proceeded in a most eloquent manner to 
 rehearse the history of Royalston, especially that relating to 
 the part that the town took in the Revolution and the Civil 
 War. At the close of his address Mr. Cross was given a 
 hearty ovation, and was heartily congratulated by Senator 
 Lodge and Lieutenant-Governor Cushing. 
 
 Toastmaster Nichols in presenting Congressman McCall 
 said: "Human nature in the country is the same as human 
 nature in the city — one hundred cents make a dollar every- 
 where. Our next speaker is a man who served for twenty 
 years in our national Congress, and who is the same in the 
 
ONE HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY JSJ 
 
 city or in the country, and all the year round. In Congress 
 he was reasonably independent, as we all know. I invited 
 him to come here to Royalston to-day, and he accepted with 
 genuine pleasure. He is as you will see him, a real gentle- 
 man, living up to the highest ideals of good citizenship and 
 meriting any honor that may be bestowed upon him. I 
 present to you the Honorable Samuel W. McCall." 
 
 Congressman MeCall said that he had been extremely 
 interested in what he had learned to-day a])out the town of 
 Royalston. "I had an idea from the fact that Royalston was 
 named after Isaac Royal, and as Isaac Royal was a stanch 
 loyalist and left this country during the Revolutionary War 
 and went to England, I thought perhaps Royalston was 
 something like a monarchical institution instead of the 
 democratic little place which it really is. Then I have heard 
 about that leg that is seven miles long, and I fear a political 
 archaeologist may make from that a very sinister inference, and 
 that is, that in those times they had a fierce lot of political 
 mercenaries adequately to pull that royal leg. I am impressed, 
 as I am always impressed when I hear historical addresses about 
 the origin of our little communities in New England, with what 
 terrible times those people used to have, struggling with the 
 climate, with the ordinary hardships of an unsettled country, 
 and especially with the Indians. But I imagine that they en- 
 joyed themselves pretty well. We can make almost anything 
 attractive and interesting. 
 
 "So I fancy the people in the times of which we have 
 heard so eloquently discussed to-day knew how to have good 
 times; and Royalston seemed to be a pretty popular place 
 in those days." He referred to local town government in a 
 most interesting manner, saying: "While we commemorate 
 the men and women who lived here one hundred and fifty 
 years ago, and while we do honor to the services which this 
 town has rendered to the country, we must not forget to 
 think of the town as an institution of government. It lies 
 at the very basis of the American system of government; 
 it connects the man with the government. Things will 
 gravitate fast enough to Washington and we have street after 
 street there lined with buildings filled with clerks and bureaus 
 of one hundred thousand people to carry on the work of this 
 great government. And what can an average citizen know 
 
154 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 about it all? Government, when transferred five hundred or 
 one thousand miles from us, becomes largely a matter of 
 imagination; but })y having government right by where the 
 people are, then it becomes a matter of their sense and of 
 their perception^ And it is vital to keep alive our town 
 governments, to maintain their jurisdiction. I know there 
 are some disagreeable things connected with it. I have 
 heard some town-meeting orators in my day. But by and by 
 a town meeting will judge and will exercise justice in their 
 judgment, and a man is likely to be suppressed in a town 
 meeting as a nuisance who would pass by on the distant stage 
 at Washington. 
 
 "But it is well to keep our government as near as we can 
 to the people if the people are to rule. If they are fit to 
 rule, they should have a material part in the direction of 
 affairs. If they are not fit to rule, then it follows it is well 
 enough to send their government off to a great distance from 
 them. So, let us remember to-day, in doing honor to this 
 town, reverently to think of the place the town meeting has 
 in our systerii of government." 
 
 Hon. Calvin D. Paige, Congressman from this district, 
 was next presented. He said in part: "The radical ideas 
 advocated on the floor of the American Congress do not 
 emanate from the old New England towns, and never have. 
 From the earliest days of the Republic, the wisdom, the in- 
 telligence, and the patriotism have found an abiding place 
 here, and there has never been a time when it is more 
 necessary that we stand together for New England, and for 
 New England ideas than at the present time, in order that 
 sanity may again prevail in the legislation of the country. 
 Royalston sent her sons to establish independence in the 
 colonies, and in the Civil War she sent her sons to preserve 
 the Union. At no time has Royalston failed to respond to 
 the call of the country. 
 
 "We are no less patriotic than we were in those two great 
 crises in the nation's history, when we say we do not purpose 
 to be drawn into the terrible war raging across the sea. 
 The stand that America is taking constitutes patriotism 
 to-day. Nothing can be more patriotic in the light of the 
 twentieth century than the triumph of a great nation over 
 the elements of war and desolation, })ut if this policy does not 
 
ONE HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 255 
 
 triumph, then no sacrifice of life or treasure is too great to 
 defend our country and our flag. For it has been proven 
 that when occasion requires there is no more patriotic people 
 than ours in all recorded history. 
 
 "We have great problems of our own to solve — great 
 questions to answer — and as they are solved and answered 
 right or wrong, may depend the weal or woe of America for 
 many years to come. But as I review our past history 
 made under trying circumstances, I have no fear for the 
 future. And may we not have confidence that in all the 
 great issues that may come before the American people for 
 solution we shall sustain the traditions of our predecessors?" 
 
 Congressman Samuel E. Winslow was introduced by the 
 toastmaster, as one who did not come to the anniversary to 
 speak, but he would ask him to talk for a few moments. 
 The genial Congressman then proceeded to entertain the 
 company with humorous stories and well-timed allusions to 
 the other speakers, which were received with roars of laughter 
 and prolonged applause by the audience. 
 
 Following Congressman Winslow's talk, Toastmaster 
 Nichols in behalf of a number of friends and with most fitting 
 words presented Dr. Adams with a purse of gold, to which 
 the doctor responded in a most happy manner. 
 
 Dr. Adams then introduced Senator Henry Cabot Lodge, 
 who was given a most cordial greeting, the large audience 
 rising in a body and giving him hearty cheers, while all 
 through his address the sentiments that he expressed were 
 applauded and cheered. 
 
 The doctor's introduction of the Senator was a gem worthy 
 to be preserved in the annals of Royalston history. He 
 said: "At the close of the last session of Congress, about the 
 middle of May, a member of that august body left the city 
 of Washington for his home in Massachusetts. His friends 
 were aware of his coming; and when he arrived at a station 
 in his district near the end of his journey, one hundred 
 thousand men and women, according to a Boston newspaper, 
 irrespective of nationality, representing all shades of political 
 complexion, enthused by the inspiring strains of several brass 
 bands, and rending the air with their multitudinous cheers, 
 thronged the streets of the city of Lynn. 
 
156 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 "It was a magnificent oYation, and wholly unprecedented 
 as a 'welcome home' to a returning Senator. 
 
 "Who is this man who has attained such a mighty grip on 
 the heart-strings of Massachusetts, and who, on even an 
 ordinary occasion, can raise the temperature of her sluggish 
 blood to the boiling point? 
 
 "Statesman, orator, historian, chairman of the Committee 
 on Foreign Relations, adviser of Presidents, in international 
 diplomacy without a peer, when he rises in his place in the 
 upper branch of Congress, Senators sit up and take notice, 
 and w^hen he speaks, the forty-eight States in this In'oad 
 Union listen. Little Royalston is fairly bursting with pride 
 to-day to have him on her platform, and it is not only with 
 pride, but with exceeding great pleasure that I now present 
 to you our senior Senator in Congress, the Honorable Henry 
 Cabot Lodge of Massachusetts." 
 
 ADDRESS OF HON. HENRY CABOT LODGE 
 
 "Mr. President: 
 
 "I cannot thank you enough for the overkind words in 
 which you have presented me. They more than make up 
 for the misfortune that I have in being the last to speak. 
 In the first place, the greatest misfortune is that I have to follow 
 Sam Winslow. None but himself can be his parallel, and I 
 am certain that I cannot fill his place. And I have been the 
 victim of all except the Lieutenant-Governor, with due 
 regard to the fact that he is acting Governor of the State, 
 who has said nothing; but my old friend, Sam McCall, of 
 course had something to say about me in connection with the 
 rain. My other old friend Paige seemed to take a very 
 discriminating view of me, I thought. He is a good judge of 
 men. And my young friend Sam Winslow, — you see how 
 well I treat him - — also when he wasn't making fun of me, 
 was saying nice things about me. But it all puts me in a 
 rather embarrassing situation, — but the embarrassment of 
 trying in the very short time I shall occupy to justify in 
 some measure the words of your president and your toast- 
 master, and the cordiality of the reception which you have 
 been so kind as to give me. 
 
 "It was pure pleasure to come here. I love to come to 
 these town anniversaries. They have to me a peculiar 
 
ONE HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 157 
 
 attraction. I love to listen to an account of their past, very 
 seldom set forth so admirably and with such real eloquence as 
 it has been set forth to-day by your distinguished Represent- 
 ative. 
 
 "That sketch of your town history had all the human 
 interest of an autobiography. We should have liked to have 
 heard more if it were possible of the forefathers of the 
 ham.let; but time does not serve. I am. not going to repeat 
 or rehearse in any way the history of the town. It has the 
 abiding attraction and charm to me of all our old New 
 England towns. As Mr. McCall has said the town is the 
 seat and center of local gelf-governn:ent ; and on local self- 
 government as embodied in the town and in the State, rests 
 the great union of the States; and the principles and the beliefs 
 of the New England towai government have gone forth 
 through the length and the breadth of the land; they have 
 permeated, unconsciously perhaps very often, the beliefs of 
 the entire American people. For they mean democracy; they 
 mean self-government; they mean freedom of thought, 
 freedom of speech and the right of every man to say the 
 thing he will — very precious rights indeed. This old town was 
 born one hundred and fifty years ago, just after what was 
 known as the old French War and just before the war of 
 the Revolution; and her sons went forth to fight in the 
 Revolution, and again in 1812, and again in the Civil War. 
 I was amazed at the size of the cjuota furnished by this town, 
 as stated by Mr. Cross; but I noticed as he spoke, that the 
 passages in the town history that came home to your hearts, 
 that moved you to applause, that moved you, I am sure, to 
 deeper emotions, were those passages in which he told you of 
 the sacrifices of the Revolution, of the men who gave their 
 lives and led their regiments and brigades in the Civil War. 
 You were not moved and touched in that way merely because 
 they were fighting men; it was because they were making a 
 great sacrifice for a great principle; they were demonstrating 
 by what they did that they believed that there were things 
 for which it was worth while to sacrifice, not only treasure, 
 but life itself. They believed that there were some things 
 that ought not to be sacrificed in order that life and safety 
 and the opportunity to make money might be preserved; and 
 they freely offered up their lives for those principles which 
 
158 HISTORY OF ROY ALSTON 
 
 they learned in the town meeting, the independence of the 
 country, the freedom of the country, the right of the people to 
 rule, the determination that the Union should not be torn 
 asunder no matter what it might cost to keep that Union 
 together, the determination that democracy, as described by 
 Abraham Lincoln, 'should not perish from the earth.' 
 
 "And in every town in this Commonwealth, if you will go 
 back over its history, you will read the same lesson — a lesson 
 not amiss in these days when there are not lacking those 
 who preach that there is nothing for which it is worth while 
 to sacrifice treasure or life. I believe that in like hours of 
 danger, the spirit of the country and the great mass of the 
 people is the same to-day as it v/as in 1776 and in 1861. But 
 there are voices which are crying out that there is nothing for 
 which safety and life should ever be sacrificed. 
 
 "Yes, we are, thank God, at peace. I trust and pray that 
 that peace may be preserved. But it will not be preserved by 
 mere words and language. The world to-day, the great world 
 of western civilization, of which we are a part, is in an 
 anguish such as history does not record. I cannot keep from 
 my mind, as I read and listen to the awful news that comes 
 to us day by day, I cannot refrain from thinking of the old 
 mediaeval hymn which began, if I may quote the old Latin words, 
 'Hora novis.sima, tempora pes.sima sunt, vigilemus.' Let us 
 be watchful, the world is very evil, the times are waxing late. 
 That thought must come to every reflecting mind. No man 
 can say what may come out of that whirlpool of destruction 
 which is now engulfing Europe. We must maintain our peace; 
 yes, we must maintain our peace, not a peace at any price of 
 humiliation, but a peace becoming a great and powerful and self- 
 respecting nation. 
 
 "Now, how, practically speaking, is that peace to be 
 preserved? In the first place, we must maintain our neutral- 
 ity. And neutrality brings not only its rights, but its duties. 
 If we are to insist on the rights of neutrals, as we must and 
 ought, we must perform our duty as neutrals. Under color 
 of neutrality, we must not twist it so as to help one side or 
 the other. We must be just to all &nd do wrong to none. 
 And against any infringement of our rights we must protest, 
 and we must make that protest understood with firmness and 
 
ONE HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 159 
 
 determination that we mean what we say. Better never say 
 the words than not mean them. 
 
 "Therefore the first thing is to maintain neutrahty if we 
 would preserve our peace; protect our peace by justice and right- 
 eousness toward all the nations with whom we now are on 
 friendly terms. And in the next place, we must make clear 
 to all the nations that our peace is not to be lightly 
 invaded; that while we do justice to all and wrong to none, we 
 will not permit or suffer wrong or injustice to be done to us, 
 or to any of our people who have a right to look to the gov- 
 ernment which they sustain for protection and support. For 
 the government that does not protect its people will soon 
 cease to have its people protected. We must make it clear 
 that no nation can wrong or invade us without paying a 
 heavy price therefor. By that I mean that this country 
 should be properly prepared for its own defense. 
 
 "Nothing is more idle than this argument, — if you can 
 grace it with such a name, — that armament leads to war. 
 What leads to war is the spirit and intent of the people who 
 control the armament. The armament is but the evidence 
 and the manifestation of the force of the government. When 
 the Civil War broke out in this country, — a war which 
 raged for four years, — neither side was prepared. Anyone 
 would be laughed out of court who attempted to say that the 
 Civil War in the United States was owing to lack of prepara- 
 tion. It is just as reasonable to say that as to say that 
 armament leads to war. 
 
 "The value of armaments depends entirely on the purpose 
 for which they are intended. It will be just as reasonable to 
 say that we must abolish knives because a knife becomes 
 occasionally a murderous instrument. The fact that the 
 knife is a murderous instrument is owing to the purpose and 
 intent of the man who holds it in his hand. It is not the 
 fault of the knife. 
 
 "I have heard it said, and on the floor of Congress too, 
 about the springing to arms of eight million Americans; one 
 gentleman said in the tide of rhetoric: 'Eight million men 
 ready to spring to arms.' No doubt; I trust the patriotism 
 of this country; but eight million men or eight thousand 
 men cannot spring to arms unless they have arms to spring 
 to. I am not going into details; it is easily proved, too 
 
160 HISTORY OF ROVALSTON 
 
 easily proved, but that proper preparation for a country like 
 this, which intends no conquest, which seeks to wrong no 
 other nation, proper preparation for its own defense is a 
 bulwark of peace and not of war. And one other thing 
 that I would say in closing. This is a time to remember 
 that we are Americans, that we are interested in the welfare 
 of the United States, that we are determined to preserve her 
 peace and her neutrality, and that any man who attempts to 
 divide the American people on the line of sympathizing with 
 one belligerent or another, — no matter how he sympathizes 
 or what he feels, — is bringing in here and putting al)ove 
 the interests of the United States the interests of other 
 countries. He is bringing into this country race issues; and 
 nothing could be more hostile to our welfare than to introduce 
 the interests of foreign nations and race issues among the 
 American people. Let us be simply Americans without any 
 qualifying adjective prefixed to it. If we are not, if we prefer 
 some other country and prefer the interests of that other 
 country to the interests of the United States, then the place 
 of that man is not here; he belongs to the country that 
 commands the real allegiance of his heart. And if ever that 
 country needed him, it probably is now. 
 
 "Maintain the peace; maintain it by honest and just neutral- 
 ity; maintain it by seeing to it that no one can attack you 
 with impunity and that the world shall understand it. Be 
 just to all nations; do wrong to none; remember that you are 
 Americans, simply that and nothing more; and then you will 
 have peace, and a peace that is worth having." 
 
 At the conclusion of Senator Lodge's address, the Win- 
 chendon choir was again introduced and rendered a selection 
 which elicited a hearty encore, to which the choir responded 
 with a second song, after which came the last number of the 
 program, which consisted in the singing of "America" by the 
 audience led by the band, and the exercises of the afternoon 
 were ended. 
 
CHAPTER XI 
 OLD ROYALSTON FAMILIES 
 
 To one familiar with the old Royalston families and the 
 homesteads formerly occupied by them scattered over these 
 hills and valleys, and as on every side old cellar holes that have 
 not already been obliterated by the hand of time, meet our sight, 
 a feeling of sadness comes over us as our thoughts take us back 
 when Royalston was one of the most important towns of the 
 County. 
 
 The old familiar names of Peck, Ballou, Walker, Holman, 
 Cutler, Dexter, Bragg and Woodbury are not on the list of 
 Royalston residents today. 
 
 Wliile the descendants of these families have gone out into 
 all parts of this country and in foreign lands, where they have 
 become the leading spirits in the educational, religious and civic 
 life of the Nation, yet wherever they roam there comes stealing 
 over them recollections of the old town, its hills, valleys and 
 streams, with the grand Old Monadnock looking down on all, 
 and there comes to them the thought of Longfellow, when he 
 says: 
 
 ''Happy he whom neither wealth nor fashion, 
 
 Nor the march of the encroaching city. 
 Drives an exile 
 
 From the hearth of his ancestral homestead. 
 
 We may build more splendid habitations, 
 
 Fill our rooms with paintings and with sculptures. 
 
 But we cannot 
 Buy with gold the old associations." 
 
 THE METCALF FAMILY 
 
 Among the early settlers of Royalston were members of the 
 Metcalf family, who were prominent in the early history of the 
 town, and whose descendants furnish a long list of men and 
 women who have been prominent in the educational, social and 
 
162 HISTORY OF ROVALSTON: 
 
 business life of the countr3\ The original seat of the family 
 was in Yorkshire, England. 
 
 The emigrant ancestor of the Royalston Metcalfs was Michael 
 Metcalf, the Dornix or embroidery weaver, of Norwich, who« 
 is supposed to have employed some hundred or more men m. 
 his shop in the city of Norwich, The passenger list of em'grants 
 with the "'John and Dorothy," Master William Andrews of 
 Ipswich, as examined April 8th, 1637^ includes Michael Metcalf 
 and Sarah Metcalf ^ his wife, and eight children. Michael was 
 admitted a freeman at Dedham July 14^ 1637; joined the church 
 January, 1639; was Selectman in 164L His name stands on the 
 committee to "Contrive the frabricke of a new meeting house/' 
 
 The first Metcalf to appear in Royalston history was Cai^. 
 Pelatiah Metcalf from Wrentham, Mass.,. who settled in the 
 west part of Royalston. He built a saw mill on the site of the 
 mill, later owned by Nathaniel Greeley; estabhshed a potash; 
 was an active business man and a prominent citizen. Was 
 Selectman in 1779, '82, '86, '88, '90, '91, and assessor in 1778 and 
 1794. He was of the sixth generation from Michael Metcalf, and 
 was born June 24, 1744, second child of Pelatiah Metcalf and Hep- 
 zibah Mann. He married June 22, 1770, Lydia Eastey or (Estey) 
 of Thompson, Conn., who was born May 12, 1749, and died 
 1829. He died Oct. 19, 1807. Of the twelve children born to 
 them eight died young and four lived to grow up. These were: 
 Pelatiah, born July 29, 1780; Isaac, born Feb 3, 1783; Jacob, 
 born June 7, 1785; Enoch, born Feb. 27, 1792. 
 
 Pelatiah Metcalf, M. D., born at Royalston, Mass., July 
 29, 1780, fifth child of Pelatiah and Lydia (Estey) Metcalf; 
 married Abigail Hawes, who was bom Jan. 28, 1786. He settled 
 as a physician in Pawtucket and Woonsocket, R. I., where he died 
 Oct. 26, 1866. His wife, Abigail Hawes, died Jan. 13, 1871. 
 They had two children : Charles Hermon Metcalf, photographer, 
 born Oct. 22, 1822, died unmarried Sept. 23, 1870; Eleanor 
 Ameha Metcalf, born Dec. 26, 1824. She married Nov. 18, 1844, 
 Charles A. Smith of Woonsocket, R. I., who was born Nov. 
 4, 1820, and died Feb. 23, 1879. They had three children. 
 
 Jacob Metcalf, born at Royalston June 7, 1785, seventh 
 child of Pelatiah and Lydia (Estey) Metcalf; married Sept. 
 15, 1807, Charlotte Prescott, who was born March 12, 1787, and 
 died May 19, 1843. After the death of his first wife, he married, 
 
THE METCALF FAMILY 163 
 
 April 16, 1845, Nancy A, Thomas, of Winchendon, who was 
 horn June 16, 1790, She died Sept. 16, 1847. He married for 
 his third wife, Mary L, Gay of Baldwinvilk, Mass., Aug. 22, 
 1848. She was born April 23, 1798. He died April 21, 1859, 
 at the old place, "Under the Hill", where he was born and had 
 lived all his life. His wife, Mary L. Gay, survived him, 
 dying Feb. 11, 1878. Jacob Metcalf and Charlotte (Prescott) 
 had four children. 
 
 PelaliaJi Metcalf, oldest son of Jacob and Charlotte (Pres- 
 cott) Metcalf, was born in KoyaJston May 21, 1808. Was a 
 dry goods clerk and merchant in Boston; married June 19, 
 1834, Olive Forbes, who was born Nov. 16, 1808, the daughter 
 of James Forbes of Royalston. He died Sept. 7th, 1835, leaving 
 no children. 
 
 Jonas Prescott Metcalf, second son of Jacob and Charlotte 
 (Prescott) Metcalf, was lx>rn at Royalston May 14, 1810; 
 married Oct. 23, 1834, Harriet Jacobs, who was born Jan. 5, 
 1816, daughterofJobnJacobsof Royalston. He died Nov. 1, 1843. 
 
 Their children: George Prescott Metcalf, born June 13, 1837, 
 died June 19, 1838. Harlan Pelatiah Metcalf, born at Royalston 
 April 29, 1839, was married Oct. 4, 1859, to Ellen Maria Pierce 
 of Royalston. 
 
 Martha Harriet Metcalf, born Dec. 6, 1840, third child of 
 Jonas Prescott and Harriet (Jacobs) Metcalf, married Henry 
 A. Spofford of Fitzwilliam, N. H. They had no children of 
 their own, but adopted Jessie Murdock Metcalf. Mrs. Spofford 
 died Sept. 13, 1895. 
 
 Prescott Mar ins Metcalf, born at Royalston June 1, 1843, 
 fourth child of Jonas Prescott and Harriet (Jacobs) Metcalf, 
 after the war settled in Norfolk, Va., where he was connected 
 with the post office for some years, and afterwards cashier of 
 a bank. He married there Sept. 10, 1863, Elvena Rolland, 
 who was born March 11, 1841, of French parentage. He died 
 March 19, 1890. They had seven children. 
 
 Samuel Gregory Metcalf, third son of Jacob and Charlotte 
 (Prescott) Metcalf was born at Royalston, April 1, 1814, and was 
 for many years in partnership with his father in farming and 
 lumber business. He married in 1844, Catherine Louisa Gale 
 of Royalston, who died the same year. In 1850 the partnership 
 with his father was dissolved, and he removed to Worcester. 
 May 20, 1851, he married Sarah King Chaddock, who was born 
 
1(,4 HISTORY OF ROY ALSTON 
 
 May 30, 1821, in Middlebury, Vt., the daughter of Alvin and 
 Salh' Chaddock. Samuel G. Metcalf and his new wife moved 
 from Worcester to Leroy, N. Y., where their only son. Henry 
 S. Metcalf, was born July 14, 1853. They moved in 1854 to 
 Mt. Carroll, Carroll County, 111., where by dealing in real estate 
 he became somewhat wealthy, but in 1868 was prostrated by 
 paralysis, the result of sunstroke. He lived almost helpless 
 and a great sufferer for some fourteen years, dying Oct. 1, 1882. 
 
 Henry S. Metcalf, only son of Samuel Gregory Metcalf and 
 Sarah (Chaddock) Metcalf, born July 14, 1853, graduated from 
 Beloit College in 1879, and from Northwestern University Medi- 
 cal School in 1886. While busy as a physician he has always 
 been interested in education, serving several terms as president 
 of the Mt. Carroll, 111., school board, and for years he has been 
 president of the board of trustees of the Frances Shiner School 
 of the University of Chicago. He died Dec. 15, 1916. 
 
 Josiah Kidder Metcalf, fourth and youngest son of Jacob and 
 Charlotte (Prescott) Metcalf, was born at Royalston Aug. 20, 
 1826. He never married; was a teacher for many years; in 1865 
 he entered the Christian ministry in the Baptist denomination, 
 where he was very much beloved. His health began to fail in 
 1877, and he preached his last sermon in April of that year, the 
 sixth anniversary of his settlement. He died Jan. 15, 1878. 
 
 Enoch Metcalf, born in Royalston Feb. 27, 1792, was the 
 11th child of Peletiah and Lydia (Estey) Metcalf. He married 
 Elizabeth Buffum April 13, 1813. He died Feb. 17, 1864. She 
 died Feb. 1, 1883. They had five children: Caleb Bvffum Metcalf, 
 born Fed. 13, 1814, at Royalston. Studied at Phillips Academy, 
 Andover, under Samuel Taylor; graduated at Yale College in 
 1842. Married Aug. 18, 1843, Rosana C. Barnes, sister of A. 
 S. Barnes, the book publisher. He taught in Boston four years, 
 then for ten years the Thomas Street School in Worcester, 
 commencing April 16, 1846. In 1856 he established on Salisbury 
 street, Worcester, his famous Highland Military Academy, over 
 which he presided for thirty-two years, until 1888; then Super- 
 intendent Emeritus. He died July 31, 1891, at Seabright, N. 
 J., the summer home of his daughter. They had two children. 
 
 Sarah Metcalf, only daughter of Enoch and Elizabeth 
 (Buffum) Metcalf, was born at Royalston Sept. 3, 1815, married 
 Jan. 28, 1839, Elihu S. Hunt, of Lowell, Mass. She died April 4, 
 1864. They had four children. 
 
THE METCALF FAMILY 165 
 
 Isaac Newton Mctcalf, second son of Enoch and Elizabeth 
 (Buffum) Metcalf , was born at Royalston March 8, 1818, removed 
 early to Lowell, Mass. Choir boy at old St. Anne's Church of 
 Lowell, in 1833, when fifteen years old; on account of his extra- 
 ordinary musical ability, was made leader of St. Anne's choir. 
 In 1862 became Musical Director of All Saints Church, Worces- 
 ter; later of St. John's Church, of which he was junior warden. 
 He was teacher of music in the schools of both Lowell and 
 Worcester for many years, and was well-known as a composer 
 of music. Easter Sunday, April 10, 1887, at 9 p. m., in the office 
 of the Worcester Spy, where he was reporting the exercises of 
 the day, he dropped dead, just as he was saying, "What a per- 
 fect Easter Day it has been." He married Nancy Aiken of 
 Lowell, Aug. 6, 1844. They had seven children. 
 
 Enoch B. Metcalf, third son of Enoch and Elizabeth (Buffum) 
 Metcalf, was born in Royalston Dec. 14, 1823. Married Nancy 
 Norton of Lowell. Died about 1865. They had two daughters. 
 
 Charles Hovey Metcalf, born April 22, 1837. Died Dec. 20, 
 1857. 
 
 Isaac Metcalf, sixth child of Pelatiah Metcalf and Lydia 
 Estey, was born Feb. 3, 1783, in Royalston at the old place, 
 "Under the Hill" now called West Royalston. He acquired 
 some education and was a very successful teacher in Royalston 
 and adjacent towns and in Boston. In 1810 he bought the farm 
 north of Royalston Centre, long known as the Metcalf farm, 
 and later as the Mosman farm. It is now the summer home of 
 his grand-daughter. Miss Edith Ely Metcalf. He was married 
 Nov. 10, 1810, to Lucy Heywood, daughter of Silas and Hannah 
 (Goddard) Heywood. She was born July 10, 1797, and died 
 childless June 29, 1820. Isaac Metcalf married again, March 
 1, 1821, Anna (Mayo) (Stevens) Rich, widow of Charles Rich of 
 Warwick. She had been a scholar of his some fifteen years before 
 when he taught school in Warwick. She was the daughter of 
 Wilder Stevens of Warwick and Elizabeth Mayo of Roxbury, 
 and was born March 1, 1787. He died in Boston April 17, 1830. 
 She died in Elyria, Ohio, Jan. 2, 1866. They had four children: 
 Isaac Stevens Metcalf, Joseph Mayo Metcalf, Lucy Heywood 
 Metcalf and Eliab Wight Metcalf. 
 
 Isaac Stevens Metcalf, oldest son of Isaac Metcalf and Anna 
 Mayo Stevens Rich, was born Jan. 29, 1822, in Royalston. 
 When a young boy he went with his half brother, Charles W. 
 
!()(, HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 Rich, to Milo, Maine. He was a student in the Bangor High 
 School, 1839 to 1841, after which he taught country schools 
 winters and worked on a farm summers. He entered the sopho- 
 more class in Bowdoin College in 1844, and graduated with his 
 class in 1847. Went directly after college commencement to 
 surveys on the Vermont and Massachusetts R, R., and was 
 engaged in locating the line from Grout's, now Millers Falls, to 
 Greenfield, and laying out the Connecticut River bridge. Later 
 he was civil engineer on the N. H. Central R. R. Went west in 
 the Spring of 1850, by stage over the Hoosac Tunnel Line to 
 Troy, N. Y., down the Hudson to New York Citj^ thence west 
 on the first train over the then opening Erie R. R., stopping at 
 Westfield, N. Y., thence by stage coach to Erie, Pa.; thence by 
 steamboat to Cleveland and Detroit; thence by the very new, 
 and then crude, Michigan Central R. R., across the State to 
 Michigan City, its then terminus. By steam ferry to Chicago, 
 then of some 30,000 inhabitants. On the same steamer came the 
 first locomotive engine ever brought to Chicago, intended to 
 run on a little strap railroad just beginning from Chicago out 
 toward Elgin, perhaps the first railroad out of Chicago. He was 
 given charge of the construction of the second division of the 
 Illinois Central R. R., and had charge of all the money spent, 
 expending over half a million dollars. When the road was com- 
 pleted in 1855 he went to Chicago and handed his books and 
 vouchers to George B. McClellan, then finance clerk in the Chicago 
 office of the railway company, afterwards General McClellan. 
 The chief engmeer gave him a letter to the president and direc- 
 tors of the road, saying that he had "done the most work with the 
 least money'" of any division engineer on the seven hundred 
 miles of road. He then returned to New England, and after 
 spending a year, settled in Elyria, Ohio, Nov., 1856, and 
 made his home there until his death. 
 
 In Elyria he held many public positions. Was Township 
 Trustee all through the Civil War times, and Colonel of the local 
 Volunteer Militia. He was long a member of the Board of 
 Education and for a time its President; held the offices of Ceme- 
 tery Trustee, County School Examiner and Secretary of the 
 County Agricultural Society. He was for many years clerk, 
 secretary and treasurer of the First Congregational Church 
 and Society, and-was elected deacon for life. He was a director 
 of the Savings Deposit Bank from its organization. He married 
 
JACOB METCALF 
 
 3: "t. Ti •j^'' 
 
 ISAAC STEVENS METCALF 
 
 ELIAB WIGHT METCALF 
 
THE METCALF FAMILY 16? 
 
 July 5, 1852, Antoinette Brigham Putnam, daughter of Rev. 
 John Milton Putnam of Dunbarton, N. H., and Arethusa Brigham 
 of Westboro, Mass. She died in Elyria, Aug. 14, 1875. They 
 had twelve children, He married second, in Elyria, March 25, 
 1878, Harriet Howes, daughter of William Howes and Elizabeth 
 West, who was born July 17, 1850, at Gatonwood House, 
 Northampton, England. She died, in Elyria Dec. 7, 1894. They 
 had six children. He died in Elyria Feb. 19, 1898, in the house 
 which had been his home since 1857. 
 
 The children of Isaac Stevens and Antoinette Brigham 
 (Putnam) Metcalf were: 
 
 1 Wilder Stevens Metcalf, born at Milo, Maine, Sept. 10, 1855, 
 graduated Elyria High School, Oberlin College, and Kansas Univ- 
 ersity Law School; colonel of Twentieth Kansas Volunteers in 
 Spanish American War, Brevet Brigadier General, nine years 
 United States pension agent, Topeka, Kansas; member National 
 Militia Board under appointment of secretary of War; President 
 Board of Education and Y. M. C. A. ; Director Lawrence National 
 Bank; dealer in Farm loans; resides at Lawrence, Kansas. 
 
 2 Charles Rich Metcalf, born in Elyria, Ohio, Aug. 1, 1857. 
 Elyria Public schools; in farm loan business, Lawrence, Kansas. 
 
 3 Marion Metcalf, born at Elyria, May 1, 1859, graduated 
 Elyria High School and Wellesley College; teacher Wellesley 
 College and Hampton Institute, Virginia; Parish Visitor First 
 Congregational Church, Oberlin, Ohio, County Board, etc. 
 
 4 Anna Mayo Metcalf, born at Elyria July 26, 1862, grad- 
 uated Elyria High School and Oberlin College; married April 
 30, 1887, to Azariah Smith Root, Librarian Oberlin College. 
 Two children: Francis Metcalf Root, graduated Oberlin College, 
 graduate student in Zoology in Johns Hopkins University; 
 Marion Metcalf Root, class of 1917, Oberlin College. 
 
 5 Rev. John Milton Putnam Metcalf, D. D., born Oct. 28, 
 1864, graduated Elyria Pubhc Schools, Oberhn College, Union 
 Theological Seminary, New York City, University of Berlin, 
 has been pastor of Congregational churches in Wallace, Kansas; 
 St. Louis, Mo.; Professor in Oberhn Theological Seminary; 
 now President of Talladega College, Talladega, Ala. Two chil- 
 dren: FrankHn Post Metcalf, graduate Oberlin College, graduate 
 student and instructor in Botany, Cornell University; Robert 
 Wilder Metcalf in Oberlin College. 
 
168 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 6 Rev. Paul Harlan Metcalf, born Elyria. June 25th, 1867, 
 graduated Elyria Public Schools, Oberlin College, Oberlin Theolo- 
 gical Seminary; Y. M. C. A. Secretary and assistant Pastor of 
 Congregational churches in South Bend, Indiana, Grand Rapids, 
 Mich., Des Moines, Iowa, Elyria, Ohio; and social settlement 
 headworker, Youngstown, Ohio. Now Executive Secretary 
 Euclid Avenue Congregational church, Cleveland Ohio. Four 
 children. 
 
 7 Grace Ethel Metcalf, born Elyria, Ohio, May 5, 1870, 
 graduated Elyria Public Schools, Oberlin College, married 
 Elyria, Aug. 5, 1895, to Harold Farmer Hall, died Chicago 
 April 23, 1896. 
 
 8 Henry Martyn Metcalf, born Elyria Sept. 11, 1871, grad- 
 uated Elyria High School, Oberlin College, and Medical School, 
 University of Pennsylvania. Physician and surgeon Elyria, 
 Ohio. One son. 
 
 9 Antoinette Putnam Metcalf, born Elyria Sept. 7, 1875, 
 graduated Elyria High School, Oberlin College; reference libra- 
 rian Oberlin College and Wellesley College. 
 
 Children of Isaac Stevens and Harriet (Howes) Metcalf. 
 
 1 Ralph Howes Metcalf, born Elyria Jan. 9, 1879. Fitted 
 for College in Elyria High School, died Dec. 10, 1894. 
 
 2 Joseph Mayo Metcalf, born in Elyria Oct. 30, 1880, 
 graduated Elyria High school, Oberlin College and Harvard 
 University. Division engineer Missouri, Kansas and Texas 
 railwaj\ Address Muskogee, Okl. Four children: 
 
 3 Eliah Wight Metcalf, born Elyria, Dec. 26, 1881, graduated 
 Elyria High School, Kansas University; civil engineer Chicago, 
 Milwaukee and Puget Sound railroad, address Seattle, Wash- 
 ington. 
 
 4 Isaac Stevens Metcalf, Jr., born Elyria, Ohio, Sept. 14, 
 1883. Graduated Elyria High School, Oberlin College, journalist 
 on editorial staff of Daily Plain Dealer, Cleveland, Ohio. One 
 son. 
 
 5 Keyes Dewitt Metcalf, born in Elyria, April 13, 1889, 
 graduated Elyria High School, Oberlin College, New York 
 Library School. Now an assistant in New York City Public 
 Library, married Martha Gerrish, June 16, 1914. 
 
 6 Thomas Nelson Metcalf, born Elyria, Sept. 21, 1890. 
 Graduated Elyria High School, Oberlin College, graduate 
 student Columbia University, and College of Physicians and 
 
THE METCALF FAMILY 169 
 
 Surgeons, teacher of physical training Horace Mann School, 
 New York City, football coach Columbia University, Married 
 Helen Waller, Dec. 23, 1915. 
 
 Joseph Mayo Metcalf, second son of Isaac Met calf and 
 x\nna M. Stevens Kich, was born at Royalston July 25, 1823. 
 AVas educated in tho public schools of Milo, Me., and the Boston 
 High School. Taught school and was in business a short time. 
 Died in Miio, Me., Dec. 31, 1850. With sUght advantages of 
 <^ducation, he was "a thorough scholar, a hero, a Christian 
 gentleman." 
 
 Lucy Heywood Metcalf, third child of Isaac Metcalf and 
 Anna M. Stevens Kich, was born at Royalston, May 20, 
 1825. Was educated in common schools of Milo, Me., and 
 Foxcroft Academy. Taught school. Married at Milo, May 
 17, 1848, to Samuel Wlnkley Furber, who was born May 2, 1819. 
 lived in Bangor, Me. She died in Bangor Aug. 26. 1856. He 
 died at Northfield, Minn., Sept. 19, 1895. They had three 
 children. 
 
 EUab Wight Metcalf, fourth and youngest child of Isaac 
 Metcalf and Anna M. Stevens Rich, was born at Royalston 
 April 18, 1827. The family moved to Boston the same year, 
 and a few years later to Milo, Me. He became a member of 
 the Congregational Church in Milo when nine years old. Taught 
 two schools in Milo in winter of 1844 and 1845, and in April, 
 1845, just before his 18th birthday, he walked to Bangor, thirty- 
 three miles, and became clerk and bookkeeper in the store of 
 Walter Brown and Son, dealers in general merchandise and 
 lumber. From 1851 till October, 1865, in business for himself 
 in Bangor, lumber, ship chandlery and ship Iniilding. During 
 the Civil War went at five different times, at his own expense, 
 in the service of the Christian Commission. After the war 
 in October, 1865, moved with his wife and five children to Elyria, 
 Ohio. He dealt in timber lands in Pennsylvania, Southern 
 Ohio, Michigan and Wisconsin. Having lost a vessel burned 
 by the English built cruiser, Shenandoah, he spent twelve 
 winters in Washington, advocating the theory (which he origi- 
 nated), that the forty-nine marine insurance companies, who 
 claimed many millions of the Geneva Award, were entitled 
 to nothing unless they could show actual loss above war pre- 
 miums received. This theory was finally adopted by Congress, 
 thus making it possible to pay from the Geneva Award for all 
 
170 HISTCJliY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 the actual loss caused by the Confederate cruisers for which 
 the losers had received no indemnity, and also for about one- 
 third of tlie proved losses by the payment of war premiums. 
 As attorney in fact collected for other losers a large number 
 of claims, besides that for his own ship. He carried to a success- 
 ful issue in the Supreme Court of the United States a suit against 
 the city of Watertown, Wis., involving a new and important 
 constitutional question. He was actively interested, both in 
 Maine and Ohio, in temperance legislation, and drafted the 
 County local option bill, which under different names and forms 
 was before the Ohio Legislature for several years and became a 
 law in 1909. It was advocated hy th? Ohio Anti-Saloon League 
 of which he was one of the founders and in whose support and 
 management he was earnest and untiring. He was trustee of 
 Oberlin College for 19 years till his deith. He married April 
 6, 1853, inEasthampton, Mass., Eliza Maria Ely, born at North 
 Mansfield, Conn., Dec. 9, 1828, daughter of Rev. William Ely 
 and Harriet Whiting. She had taught in Philadelphia and was 
 Principal of the Ladies' Department at Williston Seminary, 
 Easthampton. They had nine children of whom four died in 
 infancy. 
 
 Irving Wight Metcalf, oldest son of Eliab Wight and Eliza 
 (Ely) Metcalf, was born Nov. 27, 1855, in Bangor, Me. Educated 
 in Bangor and Elyria public schools. Graduated Oberlin College 
 1878. One year at Andover Theological Seminary and two 
 years at Oberlin Theological Seminary from which he graduated 
 in 1881. Ordained Jan. 31, 1882, as pastor of Eastwood Congre- 
 gational Church, Columbus, Ohio, which he organized and of 
 which he was pastor from Sept. 1881, to May 1889. Orgmized 
 Central Congregational Church of Dayton, Ohio, and Hough 
 Avenue Congregational Church, Cleveland. Superintendent 
 Congregational City Missionary Society of Cleveland, associate 
 pastor of Pilgrim Congregational Church, Cleveland, Secretary 
 Board of Ministerial Relief of the Congregational Association 
 of Ohio. In business from 1897. Officer and director of several 
 corporations. Trustee of Oberlin College, Chairman Church 
 Property Committee, National Council of Congregational 
 Churches. Married in Elyria, May 20, 1885, to Flora Belle 
 Mussey, who was born Dec. 15, 1857, daughter of Henry E. and 
 Caroline M. Kendall Mussey. She graduated from Elyria 
 High School, 1875, and Wellesley College, 1881. They have two 
 
ISAAC METCALF HOUSE 
 Now the Summer Home of His Grand-daughter, Miss Edith Ely Metcalf 
 
 OLD METCALF HOUSE "UNDER THE HILL' 
 Oldest House in Royalston 
 
THE METCALF FAMILY /7/ 
 
 children, Edith Eastwood, graduate of Wellesley College and 
 Harold Mussey, graduate of Oberlin College. 
 
 EdUh Ely Metcalf, daughter of Eliab Wight and Eliza (Ely) 
 Metcalf, v/as born in Bangor, Me., May 18, 1859. Elyria PubUc 
 Schools, Oberlin College, and graduated from Wellesley College 
 in 1880. Studied at Boston Museum of Fine Arts, the Herkomer 
 School, Bushey, Herts, England and in Paris. Cataloguer in 
 Newberry Library, Chicago, student Bible Institute, Chicago, 
 Ha'* written several booklets about religious and social work 
 in Chicago, and established in that city a free kindergarten. 
 In 1902 she purchased the farm known for many years as the 
 Mossman farm, formerly the Metcalf farm, which was the 
 home of her grandfatlier Isaac Metcalf, and the birthplace of 
 her father, in the north part of Royalston. She has made exten- 
 sive improvements on the farm and buildings, and here she spends 
 her summers. 
 
 Lucy Heijwood Metcalf, daughter of Eliab Wight and Eliza 
 (Ely) Metcalf, born Bangor, Me., March 29, 1857, Elyria Pubhc 
 Schools and Oberlin College. Married Elyria, Nov. 26. 1876 to 
 Eev. Augustus G. Upton, who graduated Elyria PubUc Schools, 
 Oberlin College and Theological Seminary and was Tutor in 
 Oberlin College, pastor of Congregational churches in Windham 
 and Wakeman, Ohio, Wayne, Michigan, Norwich, N. Y., Denver, 
 Col., and Weiser, Idaho. Supt. New York State Home Mission- 
 ary Society with residence at Syracuse, Librarian Colorado 
 College, Principal of Weiser Academy, Ti^ho. He died in 
 Colorado Springs, Colorado, Nov. 20, 190. Mrs. Upton resides 
 in Colorado Springs. One daughter. Marguerite Edith, graduate 
 Barnard College, married Ernest Brehaut, a professor in Colorado 
 College. 
 
 Wilmot Vernon Metcalf, son of Eliab W. and Eliza (Ely) Met- 
 calf, born Bangor, Me., Sept. 2, 1860. Elyria Pul)lic Schools 
 and Oberlin College, 1883, Johns Hopkins University, Univer- 
 sity of Wurtzburg, Germany, and University of Leipsig. Pro- 
 fessor of Chemistry and Physics Whitman College, Carleton 
 College, Fisk University. Married in Taunton, Mass., to 
 Caroline G. Soule, graduate of Wellesley College, 1880, Teacher 
 in Clinton College, Kentucky and Wellesley College. They have 
 two children, Rachel Victoria, student in Grinnell College, Iowa, 
 and Oberlin College and Norman Wight, in Oberlin High School. 
 
1J2 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 Maynard Mayo Metcalf, youngest son of Eliah Wight and 
 Eliza (Ely) Metcalf, born Elyria, Ohio, March 12, 1868. Elyria 
 Public Schools, Central College Academy, Oberlin College, 
 1889. Ph. D. Johns Hopkins University, University of Wurtz- 
 burg, Germany, Professor of Zoology Goucher College, Balti- 
 more and Oberlin College. Trustee Marine Biological Labora- 
 tory, Woods Hole, Mass. Married in Elgin, 111., Sept. 10, 1890, 
 to Ella May Wilder, Oberlin College, 1889. One daughter, 
 Mildred Ella in Oberl'n Public Schools. Author Organic Evolu- 
 tion and various papers on Zoological subjects. 
 
 THE BROWN FAMILY 
 
 The pioneer ancestor in America of the Brown family of 
 Royalston was Nicholas Brown ; he was the son of Edward Brown 
 and Jane Side, daught^ of Thomas Side. The father lived and 
 died in the parish of Inkbarrow, Worcestershire, England, and 
 the son, Nicholas, was doubtless born there. Nicholas Brown was 
 in Lynn in New England before 1638. His son John's name 
 appears in the Indian deed of Lynn as "ye Worshipful Mr. 
 Brown", This son, John, was sent to England in 1660 to look 
 after the property of his father-in-law, which as next heir to 
 the Side estate, he had inherited. 
 
 Joseph Brown, son of Nicholas Brown, married Elizabeth Ban- 
 croft, whose mother was Elizabeth Metcalf, daughter of Michael 
 Metcalf, the emigrant ancestor of the Royalston Metcalfs, 
 thus linking in Old England, these two prominent families of 
 Royalston. The first member of the Brown family to settle in 
 Royalston was W^illiam Brown of the sixth generation; he was 
 a son of General Benjamin Brown, and was born in Reading, 
 Mass., April 1, 1758. He married Martha Richardson, who 
 was probably born in Lynnfield, Mass. He was a soldier in the 
 Revolution and marched with his father on the Lexington alarm 
 in the Reading company. He was also in the Train Band under 
 John Walton, captain. May 13, 1775. He settled in Royalston 
 about 1790, on what has been known as the Prouty place. He 
 was a tanner by trade and built a tannery on his farm. He 
 bought of Elder Whitman Jacobs, the farm south of and adjoin- 
 ing Newton's, annexed to his farm the Thomas Heminway 
 place, and became a large landed proprietor. In his later years 
 
COLONEL BENJAMIN BROWN 
 
THE BROWN FAMILY 173 
 
 he settled his son, Colonel Benjamin Brown, with him on the 
 farm, which has been in possession of his descendants to the 
 present time. Wilham Brown died in Royalston Dec. 23, 1830. 
 His widow died there Jan. 16, 1851, aged ninety years, nine 
 months, seven days. The children of William and Martha 
 (Richardson) Brown were: William, born April 15, 1784, died 
 at the age of nineteen years; Benjamin, born May 16, 1787; 
 Otis, born Sept. 11, 1793, died Aug. 19, 1796; Hannah, born 
 Dec. 13, 1795. 
 
 Benjamin Brown, second child of William Brown, was born 
 at Reading, Mass., May 16, 1787, and came to Royalston with 
 his parents. He married Betsey Reed of Winchendon May 19, 
 1814. He was prominent in town and public affairs; commanded 
 the Royalston grenadiers when they marche:! for the defence of 
 Boston in the war of 1812, was a colonel in the mihtia, served 
 two terms in the General Court, was Selectman six years between 
 1821 and 1836, and held other town offices. The children of 
 Benjamin and Betsey (Reed) Brown were: Wilham Otis born 
 March 30, 1815; Isabella R., born May 3, 1818; Eliza Morse, born 
 Oct. 18, 1820; Mary Richardson, born Dec. 29, 1822, died Jan. 10, 
 1823; Benjamin Hammond, born July 31, 1824; Edward Augus- 
 tus, born Aug. 7, 1827; Moses Reed, born April 1, 1830; Elizabeth 
 Reed, born March 22, 1833. 
 
 Hannah Brown, daughter of William Brown, married William 
 Pierce of Royalston and (second) Samuel Dadmun of Fitchburg, 
 where she lived. 
 
 William Otis Brown, oldest child of Col. Benjamin Brown, 
 was born in Royalston March 30, 1815. He was brought up on 
 his father's farm and received his early education in the district 
 schools of Royalston. He worked at mechanical trades when a 
 young man in his native town, and in 1854 removed to Fitchburg 
 where he started in business as a dealer in grain and flour with 
 his brother Edward A. Brow^n, and W. A. Crehore, under the 
 firm name of Brown, Crehore & Co., In 1857 he formed a 
 partnership with Ex-M lyor H. A. Blood. He enlisted as quarter- 
 mister in the Twenty-Fifth Mass. Regiment, and was mustered 
 into service with the rank of first lieutenant Sept. 20, 1864. 
 Soon after the capture of Newbern, North Carolina, he was 
 appointed first commissary at that important point. After 
 the close of the war he held a responsible position on the con- 
 struction of the Hoosac Tunnel which was then being excavated 
 
IJ4 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 under the state management and remained in that position 
 until the contract for the completion of the tunnel was let to 
 the Shanleys in 1869. 
 
 He had a long record of public service both in town and 
 county and was highly esteemed as a discreet, conservative and 
 thoroughly honest official. He was Selectman of Fitchburg 
 from 1857 until 1861, and after his return from the war in 186-5, 
 1866 and 1870. After Fitchburg became a city, he represented 
 ward three in the board of aldermen in 1888, and served on the 
 committees on police, highways, city property and buildings. 
 He was elected County Commissioner of Worcester County 
 in 1868, and re-elected six times. He completed his twenty- 
 first year of continuous service at the close of 1889, only a few 
 months before his death, when failing health compelled him to 
 decline a re-election. In January, 1877, he succeeded J. Warren 
 Bigelow as chairman of the board, a position which he held during 
 the remainder of his term of service. He was one of the incor- 
 porators of the Wachusett National Bank of Fitchburg, which 
 began business June 1, 1875, and was a director to the time of 
 his death, and vice-president since Jan. 9, 1877. For several 
 years he was treasurer of the Walter Heywood Chair Manu- 
 facturing Co., and was a director of the Fitchburg Mutual Fire 
 Insurance Company. He married Hannah G. Heywood of 
 Royalston Nov. 25, 1841. She died in October, 1868. She bore 
 him two sons, George and Charles, who died at the ages of 
 thirteen and nine years, respectively. He married (second) 
 Oct. 4, 1870, Rosa Heywood, daughter of Walter and Nancy 
 (Foster) Heywood of Gardner. The}- had no children. He died 
 Jan. 29, 1890. 
 
 Isabel R. Brown, eldest daughter of Benjamin and Betsey 
 (Reed) Brown, was born May 3, 1818. She married John 
 Forrester Brooks of Petersham April 28, 1842. Mr. Brooks was 
 for many years the well-known proprietor of the Massasoit 
 House in Barre. She was a person of strong character and many 
 sterling qualities. 
 
 Eliza Morse Brown, born Oct. 18, 1820, never married. She 
 resided in Royalston and Fitchburg and died in 1913 in her 93d 
 year, after a long and useful life, always lending her influence 
 for what was right and good 
 
 Moses R. Brown, was born April 1, 1830, and died Jan. 27, 
 1864, at the age of thirty-four years, during the Civil War, 
 
BENJAMIN HAMMOND BROWN 
 
THE BROWN FAMILY 175 
 
 from which he was prevented participating on account of ill 
 health. 
 
 Benjamin Hammond Brown, was born at Royalston July 
 31, 1824, a son of Col. Benjamin and Betsey (Reed) Brown. He 
 was educated in the public schools of the town, and his early 
 life was spent on the home farm. He worked for a number of 
 years in Winchendon, Mass., and Waterville, Me. On Jan. 10, 
 1853, he left New York on a saiHng vessel bound for Australia 
 via Cape of Good Hope, Africa, and after spending twelve days 
 at Cape Town reached Australia after a voyage of nearly four 
 and one-half months. He spent about nine years in that country 
 and returned to the United States in 1862 via Cape Horn, South 
 America, thus completing a sea voyage around the world. On 
 Oct. 17th of that year he enlisted in Co E of the 53d Mass. 
 regiment, of which he was commissioned First Lieutenant, and 
 was mustered out Sept. 2, 1863. On Oct. 14, 1864, he was 
 married to Nancy Lord Wood, also a native of Royalston. 
 They settled upon the home farm, where they resided for more 
 than forty years, and where five sons and one daughter were 
 born to them, all of whom are now living. His interest in the 
 welfare of his country never waned, and he was always very 
 patriotic. He took an active part in the affairs of his town and 
 held various offices, being chosen as selectman, assessor and for 
 many successive years overseer of the poor and school committee. 
 In 1870 he represented his district in the Legislature. He wa-; 
 a charter member of Royalston grange, and was a regular 
 attendant of its meetings as long as his health permitted. In 1904 
 he moved to the centre of the town where he spent the remaining 
 years of his life and died Oct. 14, 1910, at the age of eighty-six 
 years. 
 
 The children of Benjamin Hammond Brown are: 
 
 Charles H. Broum, born in Royalston Feb. 3, 1865, whose 
 sketch will be found on another page of this history. 
 
 Frank H. Brown, born Nov. 21, 1866, married Florence 
 Forbes Ruggles of Fitehburg, March 6, 1895. He resides in Fitch- 
 burg and was cashier of the Wachusett National Bank before 
 consolidation, since which he has been Assistant Cashier of the 
 Fitehburg Bank and Trust Co. Has no children. 
 
 William L. Brown, born May 1, 1868, married Sadie E. 
 Skelley of Chelsea, Mass., June 4, 1894. Is manager of a boot 
 and shoe store In Chelsea. No children. 
 
IJ(, HISTORY OF ROY ALSTON 
 
 Benjamin E. Brown, born Nov. 15, 1869, married Susan 
 Josephine Geddes of Winchendon, June 28, 1899. He is now a 
 member of the firm of the Demond & Brown Chair Co., of Win- 
 chendon, Mass. No children. 
 
 Isabslle E. Brown, born March 2, 1875, married Rev. Augus- 
 tus M. Rice of Sturbridge, Mass., Aug. 17, 1898. No children. 
 
 Arthur H . Brown, born March 9, 1877, married Florence 
 May Ritchie of Fitchburg, June 14, 1905. He is Assistant Treas- 
 urer Fitchburg Savings Bank, Fitchburg, Mass. Had one son, 
 Robert Arthur Brown, born June 23, 1912, and died July 28, 1913. 
 
 Edward Augustus Brown, son of Colonel Benjamin Brown, 
 was born in Royalston Aug. 7, 1827. He was educated in the 
 public schools of Royalston and at Westminster Academy. 
 After leaving home he was employed first by Capt. Ephraim 
 Murdock of Winchendon in his wooden ware establishment 
 for about two years. In 1854 he went to Fitchburg in the store 
 of Brown, Crehore & Co. The following year he went west 
 and located in Beloit, Wisconsin, as a dealer in furniture and 
 remained there until the fall of 1859, when he returned to Fitch- 
 burg and was employed in the flour and grain store of Blood & 
 Brown for whom he worked until he enlisted in the Twenty- 
 Fifth Mass. Regiment when it was organized and was made 
 quarter master-sergeant. The regiment went into camp Sept. 
 20, 1861. It was in the Burnside expedition to Roanoke Island 
 and Newbern. In the fall of 1862 he was appointed first 
 lieutenant and quartermaster of the Fifty-third Massachusetts 
 Volunteers, and went with his regiment to Louisiana where 
 he was stationed during the remainder of his service with that 
 regiment. After the nine months of his enlistment had expired 
 and he was mustered out, he returned to Newbern and worked 
 in the commissary department until the summer of 1864, when 
 he received from President Lincoln a commission as commissary 
 of subsistence with the rank of captain, and remained in the 
 service until the surrender at Appomattox Court House and the 
 close of the war. He was also breveted major by President 
 Andrew Johnson and discharged as such. He was mustered 
 out October 2, 1865, after more than four years of service. He 
 returned to his father's home in Royalston and assisted him until 
 his father died in February, 1866. 
 
 On the first of May following he was appointed general 
 passenger and ticket agent of the Boston, Clinton & Fitchburg 
 
MRS. NANCY (WOOD) BROWN 
 
THE BROWN FAMILY IJJ 
 
 raUroad with central office in Fitchburg, wliicli position he held 
 until he resigned Jan. 20, 1876, to accept the appointment of 
 county treasurer to fill an unexpired term of Charles A. Chase 
 who had resigned. He was re-elected at the expiration of each 
 of his three year terms of office until 1912 when he declined to 
 be a candidate for another term. He served continuously for 
 a period of thirty-six years, a longer time than any other treas- 
 urer of Worcester County has served. While a resident of Fitch- 
 burg he was, in 1875, a member of the Common Council. 
 
 He married Sept. 13, 1869, Bessie Maria Harding, daughter 
 of Theodore and Nancy (Clark) Harding of East Medway, Mass- 
 She was born April 14, 1841, and died at Worcester Aug. 15, 1903 
 He died Jan. 6, 1916. 
 The children of Edward Augustus and Bessie Maria Brown are: 
 
 Anna Grace, born at Fitchburg Feb. 5, 1872, married Dec. 
 25, 1899, to Clifford Raymond Harris, graduate of the Worcester 
 Polytechnic Institute 1897. They have two children. 
 
 ^arah Ahbie Brown, born Feb. 22, 1875, and Mary Alice 
 Brown, born Aut. 30, 1879, reside at home with their father. 
 
 Elizabeth R. Brown, youngest daughter of Col. Benjamin and 
 Betsey (Reed) Brown, was born March 22, 1833, her education 
 was received in the public and high schools of Royalston and in 
 the Academies at Townsend and Westminster, Vt. She began 
 teaching in what was known as the Cutler district in Royalston 
 and after teaching several terms in her home town and neigh- 
 boring towns, transferred her field of labor to the West spending 
 four years in the graded schools of Beloit, Wisconsin, five in 
 Lycamoie, 111., after which she went to Chicago in 1880, in season 
 to be a lively participant in the "Big Fire", which occurred there 
 in 1871. Her work as teacher in that city was continuous for 
 twenty-seven years, when she resigned, but still continues to 
 reside there. 
 
 THE BULLOCK FAMILY 
 
 The family that was the most distinguished in Royalston 
 history from the Revolution for nearly a century was the Bullock 
 family. The first of the name to come to this country was 
 Richard Bullock who settled in Rehoboth, Mass., in 1643. He 
 was a man of prominence in the town and among other positions 
 he held was that of town clerk in 1659. He lived there during 
 
178 HISTORY OF ROVALSTON 
 
 the balance of his life and died in 1667. He left ten children. 
 The oldest was a son, Samuel, born Aug. 19, 1648. He married 
 Mary Thurber of Swanzey Nov. 12, 1673, and died in Rehoboth 
 March 10, 1718, leaving nine children. The oldest, Ebenezer, 
 was born Feb. 22, 1676. He married Sarah Moulton March 
 29, 1699, and lived in Rehoboth until his death. He left four 
 children, among them Hugh, who was born in Rehoboth April 
 1; 1706, and died Feb. 3, 1771, leaving seven children. 
 
 Hugh Bullock, oi the fifth generation, was born August 12. 
 1751 at Rehoboth, Mass., and went to Royalston during the 
 Revolution. His brother Moulton Bullock had removed to 
 Royalston before the Revolution and settled in the northwest 
 part of the town on a farm which has been known as the Jason 
 Fisher place. Hugh Bullock's farm was just north of his brother's. 
 Christopher, Ebenezer, Nathan and David Bullock also settled 
 in Royalston al)out 1770 and bought three lots containing 345 1-2 
 acres, at 8 shillings per acre. They were cousins of Deacon 
 Moulton and Hugh Bullock. They were all stalwart men, 
 David being the tallest man in town. Their stay in town was 
 short; for when they had their places well cleared, and were 
 in the full vigor of manhood, they went westward, following 
 the tide of settlers from the Atlantic states inland after the 
 Revolution. Hugh Bullock married Rebecca Davis. He was 
 one of the company that started for Saratoga to repel the inva- 
 sion of Burgoyne. He was in Capt. Peter Woodbury's company, 
 Col. Job Cushing's regiment, which reinforced Gen. Stark at 
 Bennington, Vt. After his sons grew up he left the farm and 
 built a house on the Common west of his son Barnet's house. 
 The children of Hugh and Rebekah Bullock were: Rufus Bullock, 
 born Sept. 23, 1779; Moulton Bullock, born Nov. 4, 1783; Calvin 
 Bullock, born July 3, 1785; Barnet Bullock, born June 9, 1798 
 and Candace Bullock born June 29, 1803. 
 
 Rufus Bullock, the oldest son of Hugh and Rebecca Bullock, 
 was born Sept. 23, 1779. He was the most distinguished man 
 who spent his life in the town of Royalston. With small means 
 he early laid the foundations of a good education, and became 
 an acceptal)le school teacher, before reaching his majority. For 
 some years he made teaching his business in winter and worked 
 at farming during the other seasons. Two or three of his schools 
 in Truro, on the Cape, extended through most of the year. From 
 school teaching he turned his attention to trade, working in a 
 
THE BULLOCK FAMILY l^g 
 
 store as clerk, till he was induced to open a store on the Common 
 ■on his own account. This proved so successful that he concluded 
 to settle do^vn in life as a country merchant. As his means 
 increased he expanded his business, never going beyond, but 
 always using fully all his resources. He engaged in manufacturing 
 about 1825, when the Royalston Cotton and Wool Manu- 
 facturing Compan^y at South Royalston came into the hands 
 of Silas Coffin and Rufus Bullock. Their mill wa,s burned in 
 1833, and Mr. Bullock became the sole proprietor of the privilege 
 and the property appertaining to it. The next year he built 
 what was known as the Stone mill; put in four sets of woolen 
 machinery and continued to run them till his death. He built 
 up a large fortune and became widely known as a man of estab- 
 lished and growing wealth, of eminent business talents and of 
 high moral worth. In addition to his extensive business he 
 kept up his interest in farming. 
 
 He was also prominent in public affairs; represented Royal- 
 ston in the Legislature five years, and in 1831 and 1832 occupied 
 a seat in the State Senate. In 1820 and 1853 he was a delegate to 
 the State Constitutional Conventions and was once a Presiden- 
 tial elector. He was town clerk in 1812 and 1813, town treasurer 
 from 1835 to 1837 inclusive, selectman for three years and 
 assessor six years between 1807 and 1826. In all these public 
 trusts he put in practice the same maxims and principles, as 
 those by which he conducted his own private business. One 
 who had known him describes him as "A patriot of the early 
 type, — a gentleman of the olden school — a friend to be 
 trusted, and a man whose principles bore the test of intimate ac- 
 quaintance and inspection, and whose influence, unobtrusive but 
 potent, has been eminently useful." 
 
 While living he was a cheerful and liberal supporter of the 
 institutions of learning and religion, and dying he left the material 
 means for the support of the schools and churches of his native 
 town. He died Jan. 10, 1858. 
 
 By his will the First Congregational Society in Royalston 
 Centre received the sum of Five Thousand dollars; the Baptist 
 Religious Society in the west part of the town Twenty-five 
 Hundred dollars, and the Second Congregational society at 
 South Royalston Twenty-five hundred dollars; and another 
 clause of the will reads as follows: ''Sixteenth, I give and bequeath 
 to the town of Rovalston the sum of Five Thousand dollars to 
 
ISO HISTORY OF KOYALSTON 
 
 be held and applied as a fund, the income of which shall be appro- 
 priated and paid over for the benefit and use of Common schools 
 in said town, the said income to be divided among the several 
 School Districts in like manner as the school money raised by 
 the town shall be divided; and it is my will that a Committee, 
 to be chosen by the town for such purpose, shall act in concur- 
 rence with my Executors in investing said sum, and that every 
 year a committee shall be chosen by the town at a leg illy called 
 town meeting who shall have the charge and oversight of such 
 investment, and shall report annually to the town the condition 
 and income of the same, provided, however, that when the said 
 town of Royalston shall neglect to keep, or cause to be kept, in 
 a good state of repair, the new cemetery now being established on 
 the ground recently purchased of C. H. Maxham, that is to say 
 shall neglect to maintain in good order and condition the said 
 ground, fence, gate, and receiving tomb therein, then this sum 
 of Five Thousand Dollars shall revert to and be paid over to 
 my children and their heirs by right of representation." 
 
 Mr. Bullock was also for some years a trustee of Amherst 
 college, and was the donor of a fine telescope for the College 
 observatory. He married Miss Sarah Davis of Rindge, N. H., 
 May 4, 1808. Their children: Louise Maria, born Oct. 14, 1809; 
 Emily Bullock, born Sept. 10, 1811; Rebecca Bullock, born 
 April 29, 1814; Charles Augustus Bullock, born March 31, 1818; 
 Alexander Hamilton Bullock, born March 2, 1816; Rufus Henry 
 Bullock, born Jan. 9, 1821. 
 
 Alexander Hamilton Bullock, oldest son of Rufus and Sarah 
 (Davis) Bullock and Royalston's most distinguished son, was 
 born in Royalston, March 2, 1816. He entered Amherst College 
 in 1832 and on his graduation in 1836, delivered the salutatory 
 oration at commencement. After graduating he taught school 
 for three years in Princeton, New Jersey, but partly by the 
 urgency of his father and partly from his own inclination, he 
 decided to stud}^ law, and entered the Harvard Law school, 
 then under the presidency of Judge Story. 
 
 After leaving the Law School he spent a year in the law ofRce 
 of the well-known lawyer, Emory Washburn, of Worcester. 
 He was admitted to the bar in 1841, and soon began practice 
 in Worcester; the rough contents of the court-house did not 
 prove congen al to him, and although he had a considerable 
 clientage for a young man, he soon established a large business as 
 
/Z^^^r^.//. (fli-2.^L.£j^^'t>-~.^.^ 
 
 KeiTopolitanTuJjlislniig SEngTainiig Co.WewTorii 
 
THE BULLOCK FAMILY 181 
 
 agent of important insurance companies and withdrew himself 
 altogether from the practice of law. From early manhood he took 
 a decided interest in politics, but did not allow it to absorb an 
 undue portion of his time till the period arrived when he could 
 safely make it a leading object. In constitutional h.w he was 
 well verse i. In party affiliation he was of the old Whig school. 
 
 He held many important offices in State and City. He was 
 a member of the Massachusetts House of Representatives for 
 eight years, fir^t in 1845, and last in 1865, an:l was also in 1849 
 a State Senator. In 1832, 1863, 1834 and 1865 he was Speaker 
 of the House. He was judge of the Worcester County Court of 
 Insolvency for two years, 1853-1858, having under a previous 
 jurisdiction, served as commissioner of insolvency from 1853, 
 He was mayor of Worcester in 1859. But the most prominent 
 event in his public life was his election as Governor of Massa- 
 chusetts, which office he held three years, 1888, 1887 and 1868. 
 At the first election he received nearly fifty thousand votes 
 more than his opponent. He might undoubtedly have held 
 prominent positions in national affairs but his ambition did not 
 seem to run in that direction. In 1879 he was offered the then 
 vacant English mission by President Hayes, which he declined 
 to accept. After his retirement from the Governorship he held 
 no other public office, and declined to entertain any of the sug- 
 gestions made to him of further political service, which would 
 involve to some extent, the abandonment of those studies and 
 employments which were so agreeable to him. In financial, 
 humane, and all reformatory measures he was actively interested. 
 
 He was president of the State Mutual Life Insurance Com- 
 pany, and of the Worcester County Institution for Savings, a 
 director in the Worcester National Bank, chairman of the 
 Finance committee of the Trustees of Amherst College, and a 
 life member of the New England Historic-Geneological Society. 
 He was also a writer of more than ordinary ability, and while 
 editor o^ the Aeqi ; newspaper, which position he held for several 
 years, gained a high reputation as a journalist. Governor 
 Bullock was an orator of great power and eloquence and his 
 addresses which have been published contain many models 
 of pure style and elegant scholarship. Speaking of him in this 
 connection, Senator Hoar says: "Above all, he posessed beyond 
 any of his living contemporaries, that rare gift of eloquence 
 
182 
 
 HISTORY OF ROY ALSTON 
 
 which ahvays has been and always will be a passport to the favot 
 of the people where speech is free." 
 
 In 18G9 he visited Europe with his family, and on his return 
 the following year the civic authorities and citizens of Worcester 
 gave testimony of their appreciation of his character and his 
 services by a public reception. One of his biographers has said 
 of him, ''he was a lover of scholarship, a citizen of many resources 
 and large usefulness, whose life diffused all around it an influence 
 and charm, which elevated the standard of the domestic and 
 moral life of the community." He died in January, 1882. 
 
 Governor Bullock married Elvira, daughter of Col. A. G. 
 Hazard of Enfield, Conn., foundet of the Hazard Gunpowder 
 Manufacturing Co. Their children were: Augustus George; 
 
 'Isabel, who married Nelson S. Bartlett of Boston; and Fanny, 
 who married Dr. WilUam H. Workman of Worcester 
 
 Augustus George Bullock, only son of Alexander and Elvira 
 (Hazard) Bullock, was born in Enfield, Conn., June 2d, 1847. 
 His early education was received in private schools, and he 
 graduated from Harvard college in 1868. After traveling a 
 year in Europe he commenced the study of law and was admitted 
 to the bar in Worcester, where he went into practice occupying 
 
 •offices with Senator Hoar. In January, 1883, he was elected 
 president and treasurer of the state Mutual Life Insurance com- 
 pany, which position he has held to the present time. He is 
 also a director in a number of the financial and business insti- 
 tutions of Worcester and sustains a high reputation for financial 
 skill and ability. He has also been a trustee of the State Lunatic 
 Hospital and of the Free Public Library of Worcester, and is a 
 member of the American Antiquarian society. 
 
 He was united in marriage Oct. 4, 1871, with Mary Chandler, 
 daughter of Dr. George and Josephine Rose Chandler, and they 
 have had four sons, one of whom died in infancy. 
 
 Louisa Maria Bullock, oldest daughter of Rufus and Sarah 
 (Davis) Bullock, married Hiram M. Albee Jan. 25, 1838. Mr. 
 Albee was a merchant and postmaster at South Royalston. 
 They had four children. Mrs. Albee died Dec. 18, 1848. 
 
 Emily Bullock, married William D. Ripley, a native of 
 Norwich, Conn., and their home for many years was at the old 
 • Bullock mansion on Royalston Common. Mr. Ripley died in 
 1880 and Mrs. Ripley died in Philadelphia. 
 
BARNET BULLOCK 
 
THE BULLOCK FAMILY 183 
 
 Rebecca Bullock, youngest daughter of Rufus and Sarah 
 (Davis) Bullock, married Nelson Wheeler a graduate of Yale 
 college and a teacher of prominence. They lived in Worcester, 
 Mass. 
 
 Rufus Henry Bullock, youngest son of Rufus and Sarah 
 (Davis) Bullock prepared for College at Northfieki and was two 
 years in Amherst College, 1838 and 1839. He then engaged in 
 trade at Royalston, where he died in June, 1855. 
 
 Barnst Bullock was of the fifth generation from Richard 
 Bullock, the immigrant ancestor. He was born in the west part 
 of Royalston June 9, 1798, and during his active life he followed 
 the business of a merchant in that town. He held for a long 
 time the commission of Justice of the Peace, doing most of the 
 public business in that line in the town for many years, besides 
 filling various responsible town offices. He was town clerk from 
 1837 to 1847; selectman 1840, 1844 and 1845, and representative 
 to the General Court in 1844. One of the oldest and most prom- 
 inent citizens of Royalston he died Sept. 1, 1884, being the last 
 survivor of the four sons of Hugh Bullock, who came from 
 Rehoboth and settled in Royalston during the Revolution. He 
 married Nov. 27, 1828, Lucy Newton, daughter of Nathan 
 Brigham Newton. Their children were: Calvin, born Sept. 
 21, 1829, died March 5, 1870; Brigham Newton, born April 6, 
 1831, died Feb. 20, 1906; Barnet Ellis, born March 22, 1833, 
 died Feb. 12, 1913; Lucy Lee, born May 25,1835, died Sept. 
 18, 1882; Elizabeth Candace, born Oct. 16, 1838, died March 
 4, 1843; Charles Stuart, born Jan. 20, 1841; James Frederick, 
 born July 21, 1842, died May 28, 1870; Mary Elizabeth, born 
 Dec. 18, 1847, died March 21, 1869. 
 
 Calvin Bullock, oldest son of Barnet and Lucy (Newton) 
 Bullock, was born Sept. 20, 1830. His education was obtained 
 at Worcester Academy, Worcester, Mass., after which he was for 
 a short time engaged in business with his father. He married 
 Mary E. Miller of Royalston, daughter of George F. Miller, June 
 1, 1859. About the time of his marriage he moved to Toledo, 
 Ohio, where he was with the Wabash R. R. Co., and was assis- 
 tant treasurer at the time of his death which occurred March 5, 
 1870. His widow returned to Royalston where she made her 
 home. 
 
 They had one son Calvin Bullock. He attended school in 
 Arlington, Mass., in 1883; attended Worcester Academy from 
 
184 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 1884 to 1888, and afterwards graduated from Williams college 
 in the class of 1892. The next year he went to Denver, Col., 
 where he has been ever since engaged in the bond business. 
 He married Alice K. Mallory of Norwalk, Conn., Dec. 28, 1892, 
 and they have two children. 
 
 Brigham Newton Bullock, second son of Barnet and Lucy 
 (Newton) Bullock, was born in Royalston April 6, 1831. He 
 spent his early life in his native town, where he attended the 
 common schools. In February, 1849, at the age of sixteen he 
 started out in life by entering the employ of Joseph Estabrook, 
 who kept a country store and the postoffice. He remained with 
 Mr. Estabrook until the fall of 1851 when he attended the high 
 school kept by Cundell Bros. On October 20, of the same year, 
 he left Royalston and the High School to enter the passenger 
 department of the office of the Vermont & Massachusetts Rail- 
 road in Fitchburg where he remained until January, 1874. He 
 then went to Boston where he was cashier of the Boston, Hart- 
 ford & Erie Railroad from March, 1874, until August, 1874. 
 From there he went to the Home Savings Bank, Boston, Aug. 6, 
 1874, and remained until Feb. 27, 1882, when he returned to 
 Fitchburg and entered the Fitchburg National Bank as cashier, 
 holding that office until he was made president in 1888, which 
 position he held the remainder of his life. In July, 1894, he was 
 elected treasurer of the Fitchburg Savings Bank and remained 
 treasurer until the law separating national and savings banks 
 went into operation in 1904, when he was chosen chairman of 
 the Board of Investment which position he held as long as he 
 lived. He was also a director in the Fitchburg Railroad Co., 
 the Fitchburg Mutual Fire Insurance Co., Grant Yarn Co., and 
 the Simonds Manufacturing Co., of Fitchburg. He was a mem- 
 ber of the First Unitarian Parish of Fitchburg. A successful 
 financier and a man of sterling character, he was one of the best 
 products of the New England country town. He always re- 
 tained his affection for his native town of Royalston, and spent 
 a portion of each summer there. He married Nov. 13, 1888, 
 Flora Belle Ripley of Fitchburg. He died in Boston, Feb. 20, 
 1906. Their only child is Richard Bullock, born May 3. 1892. 
 
 Barnet Ellis Bullcck, was born in Royalston March 22, 1833, 
 and died at Samaria, Mich, Feb. 12, 1913. Mr. Bullock spent 
 near-ly all the earlier part of his life railroading, then becoming a 
 contractor for railroad supplies, and at the time of his death was 
 

 CALVIN BULLOCK 
 
 BRIGHAM NEWTON BULLOCK 
 
 BARNET ELLIS BULLOCK 
 
 CHARLES STUART BULLOCK JAMES FREDERICK BULLOCK 
 
THE BULLOCK FAMILY JgS 
 
 the owner of several large farms in Michigan, although be kept 
 his winter home in Toledo, Ohio. He married Mary R. Osborne, 
 who died in 1914. 
 
 Charles S. Bullock, son of Barnet and Lucy (Newton) Bul- 
 lock was born in Royalston Jan. 20, 1841. When ayoungmanhe 
 went to work for the old Vermont and Massachusetts R. R. Co., 
 in their general freight office. He went to Kill Buck, N. Y., 
 in 1877, and engaged in the business of a general store and 
 lumber business for a time. Has not been engaged in business 
 since 1900. He married Harriet Bullard, daughter of Rev. 
 E. W. Bullard. They have two sons, Stuart D. Bullock, born 
 Sept. 23, 1875, in Arlington, Mass., now living at Highland 
 Park, Detroit, Mich., and Hugh Bullock, born June 22, 1880, 
 LOW living in Medford, Mass. 
 
 James Frederick Bullock, youngest son of Barnet and Lucy 
 (Newton) Bullock, was born July 21, 1842, and died May 28, 
 1870. At the time of his death he held a responsible position 
 in a bank in Toledo, Ohio, a profession for which he seemed 
 eminently fitted, and in which he was making rapid strides at 
 the time of his death. 
 
 THE FRYE FAMILY 
 
 Captain John Frye, one of the earliest settlers in the town 
 of Royalston, was a descendant in the fourth generation of 
 John Frye, who emigrated from Basing Hants, England, in May, 
 1638. He sailed from Southampton in the good ship "Bevis," 
 and about seven years after his arrival settled in Andover, Mass. 
 This John Frye was also an ancestor of Senator Frye of Maine, 
 who has served as President of the Senate of the United States. 
 It was in the town of Andover that Captain John Frye was 
 born April 7, 1719. While a young man, he resided for a time 
 in Sutton, where he was married on Nov. 2, 1748, to Elizabeth 
 Woodbury, a lady of worth. In this town he operated a grist 
 mill, and conducted a grain business. He accumulated some 
 means and became well-known in that section, so that when, 
 some time previous to 1765, he decided to settle in Royalston, quite 
 a number of families from Sutton were induced to do the same. 
 He seems to have been connected with Col. Royal in the enterprise 
 of opening up this new territory, and a relative of his by the 
 
J86 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 same name was previouslj^ engaged by the Colonel to survey 
 the township now known as Durham, Maine. This town was 
 at first called Royalston; that section then belonged to Massa- 
 chusetts, and at a meeting of the citizens later, it was decided 
 to change the name, as they said there was a town in Worcester 
 county called Royalston. From that day to this, the people 
 of Royalston have had the exclusive use of the name in the 
 United States. 
 
 In his selection of a location for a home he certainly did 
 well, for that beautiful situation, marked by more modern 
 buildings, and occupied by his great-grandson, still speaks for 
 itself to-day. 
 
 Governor Bullock in his centennial address describes Captain 
 John as follows: "John Frye, a Uneal descendant of one who 
 came from England, moved from Sutton to Royalston, and 
 resided on yonder eminence. He was called here "the Esquire," 
 but he brought with him a distinction of arms, I have had 
 placed at my use by one of his kinsmen the original commission 
 under the king, which he received as first lieutenant from Gov- 
 ernor Shirley, in 1745, and under which he fought before Louis- 
 burg, and entered the fort to the music of the same drum which 
 thirty years later beat still better sounds at Bunker Hill. Ten 
 years afterwards, he bore royal commission as Captain for ser- 
 vice at Crown Point. He was passed the time for military activ- 
 ity when the Revolution opened, and was obliged to suppress 
 his soldierly instincts in the home life of a good deacon and model 
 citizen. He lived here nearly fifty years and died at nmety-six. 
 Captain John Frye was known as the "Hero of Crown Point," 
 but his service as a soldier was only a small part of his life work, 
 as by far the larger part of his life was spent in peaceful pur- 
 suits. He was a deacon in the local church, and was the first 
 man chosen to look after the prudential affairs of the town, 
 serving in this capacity seven years. He was the first town clerk, 
 being elected in 1765, and serving till 1781; he was a delegate 
 at the ratification of the constitution of the United States in 
 1788; he represented the town in the legislature of 1780, 1783, 
 1784, 1785 and 1787. Captain John Frye died March 18, 1814, 
 at his home in Royalston, and was buried in the old burying 
 ground. His descendants have been good citizens, and have 
 filled important positions in the service of the state and cities 
 in which they have resided. They have been fortunate also in 
 
CAPT. JOHN FRVR 
 'The Hero of Crown Point' 
 
THE TRYE EAMILY 2S7 
 
 their connections with other families, and have made alHances 
 with those holding important positions themselves or those 
 who were from noted families. One was the wife of Gov. John 
 McLane of New Hampshire, and one married a direct descendant 
 of Gov. Bradstreet of Massachusetts, and the poetess, Ann« 
 Dudley Bradstreet, daughter of Gov. Dudley, and known in 
 New England as the "tenth muse." It is interesting that two 
 of the descendants of these men, Simon Bradstreet and John 
 Frye, who were friends at Andover, two hundred and fifty years 
 later should meet, become acquainted, and decide to become 
 life partners. One has recently graduated from a Boston school 
 with high honors; one from the Massachusetts Institute of 
 Technology; and another from Boston University. One was a 
 teacher in the public schools of Cambridge for thirty-seven years, 
 and one now a resident of Granville, Mass., has given splendid 
 service to the cause of education. A young man, bearing the 
 same family name, has recently served as deacon in the same 
 church of which John Frye was the first deacon. 
 
 His military qualities have also passed down. His great- 
 grandson, George E. Frye, lost his life in the battle of Chancel- 
 lorsville; and Benjamin A. Frye also served in the Civil war 
 three years, and still lives on the old homestead. And here 
 is one who deserves mention no less, who gave up his own plans 
 for which he had splendid abilities and remained at the old home 
 to care for his sweet spirited mother, who by war, sickness and 
 death was left in need of just this service. We refer to William 
 W. Frye. In this care he was aided by his sisters. 
 
 One branch of the family, years ago, moved to New York 
 state, where they have taken an important part in the develop- 
 ment of the section in which they reside. 
 
 Descendants of Capt. John and Elizabeth (Woodbury) 
 Frye. Children : 
 
 1. John, born Sept. 27, 1749, died Jan., 1832. 
 
 2. Elizabeth, born July 12, 1751. 
 
 3. Ebenezer, born July 4, 1754, died May 8, 1832. 
 
 4. Mary, born Feb. 18, 1757. 
 
 5. Hannah, born Feb. 10, 1760. 
 
 6. Mehitable, born Aug. 12, 1762. 
 
 7. Ruth, born Aug. 8, 1765. 
 
 8. David, born July 28, 1768. 
 
 9. Deborah, born April 7, 1772. 
 
188 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 The six first were born in Sutton and the last three in Royal- 
 ston. 
 
 (3) Ehenezer Frye, second sou of Capt. John and Elizabeth 
 (Woodbury) Frye, was born in Sutton July 4^ 1754; he married 
 Mary ^Yaite June 17^ 1783, who was born March 18, 1761, and 
 died^Aug. 26, 1798. 
 
 He came to Royalston at the age of ten years, and lived 
 the remainder of his life on the old home place. Both he and 
 his wife were devoted Christian people. He was Selectman in 
 Royalston 1793 to 1799, 1805, 1806, 1808, and was Town 
 Treasurer 1809 to 1824. He died May 8, 1832. The children of 
 Ebenezer and Mary (Waite) Frye were: 
 
 1. Betsey, born April 28, 1784, died Jan. 6, 1819. 
 
 2. Asa, born Oct. 26, 1786. 
 
 3. Daniel, bom Aug. 23, 1789, died suddenly Aug. 30, 1791. 
 
 4. Polly, born July 21, 1791, died Jan. 15, 1836. 
 
 She acted as housekeeper at the old home for a number of 
 years until the time of her death; made a "sampler" containing 
 a valuable family record and an illustration of the old homestead 
 as it appeared at that time, and where it is still preserved (1913). 
 
 5. Benjamin, born Aug. 6, 1793, died Sept. 29, 1861. 
 
 6. John, born May 16, 1796, died Feb. 18, 1866. 
 
 7. Ebenezer, born June 30, 1798, died June 25, 1818. 
 
 (1) Betsey Frye, oldest daughter of Ebenezer and Mary 
 (Waite) Frye was born April 28, 1784. She married William 
 Blood of Fitzwilliam, N. H., Sept. 2, 1807. They had six children 
 none of whom were born in Royalston. 
 
 Mary Blood, oldest daughter of William and Betsey (Frye) 
 Blood was born April 26, 1808. She married Horace Pierce 
 Oct. 23, 1828. They had three children. (See Pierce family.) 
 
 (2) Asa Frye, oldest son of Ebenezer and Mary (Waite) 
 Frye was born Oct. 26, 1786. He married Rebecca Wilman in 
 October, 1820. He moved with his family to New York state. 
 They had five children. 
 
 (5) Benjamin Frye, third son of Ebenezer and Mary (Waite) 
 Frye, was born in Royalston Aug. 6, 1793. He married Oct. 
 24, 1836, Miranda Barton of Croyden, N. H. She was born 
 April 26, 1815. She was a teacher and a woman of splendid 
 character and ability and came from a prominent New Hamp- 
 shire famih^ An uncle was editor of the "New Hampshire 
 Statesman;" one brother was a wealthy merchant; another 
 
MRS. BENJ. (MIRANDA BARTON) FRYE 
 
 BENJAMIN FRYE 
 
 FRANK BARTON FRYE FAMILY 
 
THE FRYE FAMILY 189 
 
 a well-known official in Sullivan County. She died March 25, 
 1890. 
 
 Benjamin Frye was a prominent citizen and official of Royal- 
 ston. He was Town Treasurer from 1838 to 1854 with the 
 exception of one year, Selectman four years, Representative 
 in the Legislature, 1838, 1840, 1854. He was a farmer, born on 
 the old home place, late in the eighteenth century. His youngest 
 son was born in the nineteenth century, and his youngest grand- 
 daughter in the twentieth century (March 28, 1901). He died 
 in Royalston Sept. 29, 1861. The children of Benjamin and 
 Miranda (Barton) Frye were: 
 
 1. George Ehenezer, born Aug. 18, 1837. Married Aurilla 
 Howard of Croyden, N. H. Served in the Fifth New Hampshire 
 Regiment in the Civil War. Was killed in action at Chancellors- 
 ville, Va.,May2, 1863. 
 
 2. Rosette Miranda, born Dec. 14, 1839, at the old homestead. 
 Educated in the pul)lic schools and Meriden Academy. Teacher 
 in public schools and member of the board of education in 
 Fitzwilliam, N. H. Married Nov. 1, 1865, to Deacon Leonard 
 Byam. She died Dec. 3, 1892. 
 
 3. Benjamin Alexander, born May 10, 1841. 
 
 4. Mary Jane, born June 29, 1843, died Aug. 28, 1862. Was 
 a teacher in the public schools. 
 
 5. Martha Anne Elizabeth, born March 20, 1846, died Dec. 
 20, 1892. 
 
 6. William Watson, born Nov. 30, 1848, was born, lived and 
 died on the old home place; called at the age of twelve by the 
 death of his father and the absence of his older brothers in the 
 war, to care for the home. He died Feb. 2, 1892. 
 
 Benjamin Alexander Frye, second son of Benjamin and 
 Miranda (Barton) Frye was born in Royalston May 10, 1841. 
 Enlisted in the 36th Mass. Regiment in the Civil war, Aug. 
 27, 1862. Mustered out June 8, 1865. Married in Boston 
 May 15, 1837, to Alice Morrison Giggie. She was born July 1, 
 1840. He occupies the old home place to which he has added 
 many modern improvements. They had five children: Harriet 
 Miranda, George A., Myra Elizabeth, William Alexander, 
 Mary Ellen. 
 
 1. Harriet Miranda Frye, oldest child of Benjamin Alexander 
 and Alice (Giggie) Frye was born in Royalston March 28, 1868, 
 married William H. Shepard Sept. 1, 1890. They have three 
 
igQ HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 children: Walter Earl, born June 11, 1891; Olive Mildred, born 
 Dec. 19, 1896; Freda Elizabeth, born Aug. 22, 1898. 
 
 2. George A. Frye, born Jan. 18, 1870, died Feb. 9, 1870. 
 
 3. Myra EUzabeth Frye, born Jan. 20, 1871, married Clarence 
 Hamilton of Athol. 
 
 4. William Alexarider Frye, youngest son of Benjamin Alex- 
 ander and Alice (Giggie) Frye, was born Dec. 21, 1872, married 
 July 10, 1899, to Alice Russell Fairbanks, daughter of Rev. and 
 Mrs. Francis J. Fairbanks of Royalston. Has served as chair- 
 man of the School Committee of Royalston and in other town 
 offices, and as deacon of the First Congregational Church. 
 Children: Richard Fairbanks, born Sept. 7, 1900 and William 
 Russell, born April 5, 1906. 
 
 5. Mary Ellen Frye, born Dec. 8, 1875, died Feb. 13, 1896. 
 Martha Anne Elizabeth Frye, youngest daughter of Benjamin 
 
 and Miranda (Barton) Frye, was born in Royalston March 
 26, 1846, married Jan. 10, 1878, to James Lewis Brigham of 
 Templeton, school teacher, died Dec. 20, 1892. Children: 
 George L. and Emma W. 
 
 1. George L. Brigham, son of James Lewis and Martha Anne 
 (Frye) Brigham was born Jan. 6, 1879, married June 19, 1908, 
 to Katherine Condy. He graduated from the Sherwin School, 
 Boston, class of 1896, and is an electrician. They have one 
 daughter, Jeanne Winnefred, born March 22, 1909. 
 
 2. Emma W. Brigham, daughter of George L. and Martha 
 Anne (Frye) Brigham, was born Sept. 14, 1881. She graduated 
 as valedictorian from the Hyde School, Boston, class of 1896, 
 and is an expert stenographer. 
 
 (7) Frank Barton Frye, youngest child of Benjamin and 
 Miranda (Barton) Frye, was born in Royalston, April 13, 1856. 
 He married Nov. 17, 1886, Elsie Willetta Merrill, daughter of 
 Rev. and Mrs. William Merrill of Beverly. She was born June 
 11, 1861, at Northbridge, Mass. She was a teacher. 
 
 He has been enT;aged in mercantile business and manufac- 
 turing. Served in FitzwilUam, N. H., as collector 1884, and as 
 Selectman and assessor in 1885 and 1886. Resides in Waltham, 
 Mass., and has a summer home on FitzwilUam road, Royalston. 
 Children: 
 
 1. i?oya^ Mern7^, born May 27, 1890. Graduated from Wal- 
 tham High School as valedictorian, class of 1908; received degree 
 of A. B. with Phi Beta Kappa honors from Boston University, 
 
THE FRYE FAMILY 191 
 
 1911; A. M., Boston University, 1912; member of Harvard 
 Graduate School in Chemistry, 1912; 1913 as Jacob Sleeper 
 Fellow of Boston University. At present in charge of the 
 department of Physics, Boston University, 
 
 2. Merlon Benjamin, born March 4, 1893. Graduated 
 from Waltham High School, class of 1913. At present organist 
 and choirmaster of St. John's church, Newport, R. I. 
 
 3. William Bixhy, born Nov. 15, 1895. Senior in Waltham 
 High school and editor-in-chief of the "Mirror." 
 
 4. Elsie Frances, born March 28, 1901. Student in Grammar 
 school. 
 
 John Frye, sixth child of Ebenezer and Mary (Waite) Frye, 
 and grandson of Capt. John Frye, was born May 16, 1796. He 
 was married Jan. 30, 1823, to Lucinda Kendall. She was born 
 April 25, 1798, in Phillipston, Mass., and died Jan. 10, 1871, in 
 Cambridge, Mass. He lived nearly all his life on apart of the old 
 homestead, in a house built by himself. He died Feb. 18, 1866, 
 in Somerville, Mass. Their children all born in Royalston: 
 
 1. Ardelia Betsey, born Nov. 16, 1823, died Jan. 7, 1862. 
 
 2. EmeHne Clarissa, born May 8, 1826, died Sept. 20, 1908, 
 unmarried. Died in Cambridge, burial in Royalston. 
 
 3. John Kendall Frye, born Sept. 29, 1831, died Oct. 15, 1908. 
 He was a member of the furniture house of Barnum, Frye & 
 Co., of Boston. Buried in Royalston. 
 
 Ardelia Betsey Frye, married Ezra Adams Cheney of Barre, 
 Mass., May 7, 1846. Their children: Ellen Ardelia, born Sept. 17, 
 1848, in Royalston. Graduated from Cambridge High School, 
 class of 1869. Teacher in public schools of Cambridge for thirty- 
 seven years. Retired June, 1908. Edward Francis, born Oct. 
 28, 1850, in Royalston, died March 11, 1855; Henrietta Frye, born 
 Feb. 14, 1852, in Royalston, married Oct. 19, 1876, to George 
 C. Allen of Barre, Mass., died Feb. 6, 1881; Emma EHzabeth, 
 born Feb. 17, 1856, in Fitchburg, Mass. 
 
 Emma Elizabeth Cheney, daughter of Ardelia Betsey (Frye) 
 Cheney, born Feb. 17, 1856, graduated from Cambridge High 
 School, class of 1875, married Feb. 17, 1885, to Howard A. 
 Allison of Boston. 
 
ig2 HISTORY OF ROY ALSTON 
 
 THE BLISS FAMILY 
 
 The Bliss family of Royalston, which was exceeded in number 
 by only one of the old Royalston families during the first century 
 of the town, traces its origin back to England somewhere be- 
 tween the years 1150 and 1250, when the name of BUss was 
 first given to some man who had as his predominent characteristic 
 a blissful state of mind, according to Charles Arthur Hoppin, 
 the author of a recent work called "The BHss Book." Mr. 
 Hoppin demolishes some of the romantic fallacies of an earlier 
 work on the Bliss Genealogy, prominent among which was the 
 belief that the family was of Norman descent, having come to 
 England with WiUiam the Conqueror. On the contrary Mr. 
 Hoppin contends that the Blisses were unquestionably of pure 
 Saxon origin possibly with some Danish admixture, and points 
 out that the part of England in which they dwelt was one that 
 held out longest against the Normans. 
 
 The Bliss coat-of-arms dates back to the time of Elizabeth, 
 and capped by a sheaf of grain, it bears the honest motto, "Quod 
 severis metes" — "You reap what you sow." 
 
 The last English ancestor of the Bliss family of Royalston 
 was one Thomas Bliss. He resided in Belston, England, and was 
 a man of property. He was a Puritan and his wealth and promi- 
 nence perhaps invited the persecution he suffered and through 
 which he lost both his wealth and health. He was imprisoned 
 for his religious and political views. Two of his children, Thomas 
 and George, emigrated to America to escape persecution. 
 
 Thomas Bliss of Rehoboth, Mass., was a grandson of Thomas 
 of Belston, England, and emigrated from Northamptonshire 
 about the year 1635, and was one who in 1643 with others made 
 the settlement of Rehoboth. The first of the Bliss family to 
 come to Royalston was Nathan Bliss of the ninth generation 
 from Thomas Bliss of Belston. 
 
 (IX) Nathan Bliss, son of Nathan (8) and Joanna Bliss 
 was born at Rehoboth Dec. 19, 1761. He removed to Royalston 
 between 1770 and 1775, and married Ruth Briggs of Dighton, 
 who was born at Dighton Dec. 22, 1765, and died at Royalston 
 Nov. 28, 1862. He was a farmer and died at Royalston Jan. 
 31, 1852. Their children were Abel Ballou, born Aug. 23, 1785, 
 at Dighton; Polly, born Sept. 10, 1788; Anna, born June 14^ 
 
THE BLISS FAMILY 193 
 
 1791; Nathan, born April 25, 1797; Ruth, l)orn Oct. 6, 1802 and 
 Sally, born Nov. 15, 1806. 
 
 (X) Ahsl Bliss, oldest child of Nathan and Ruth (Briggs) 
 Bliss was born in Dighton Aug. 23, 1785, and when six weeks 
 old was carried on horse back in his mother's arms from Dighton 
 to their new home in Royalston. He was a shoemaker by trade 
 and married Nicena Ballou of Richmond, N. H., Oct. 12, 1806. 
 She was born March 6, 1788, and died April 7, 1847. Their 
 children were: Nathan, born Sept. 15, 1808, married Emily Lovett 
 in 1832; Abel Ballou, born Feb. 22, 1811. Went to Worcester 
 and married Rebecca S. Flint of Royalston April 6, 1835. He 
 died Aug. 4, 1852; Harrison, born Oct. 9, 1812; Russell, born 
 Dec. 5, 1815, married Mary May March 8, 1835, and died 
 June 15, 1852; James, born July 16, 1818, married Julia Drury, 
 daughter of Ephraim and Betsey Drury, she was born Oct. 24, 
 1820 and died Oct. 18, 1844; he died Jan. 16, 1842. They left 
 no issue. He kept a restaurant at Troy, N. Y. ; Nicena J., born 
 Dec. 12, 1823, and died Jan. 7, 1845, unmarried; Olive Lucena, 
 born July 3, 1825, married May 9, 1847, Charles C. Balch, 
 carpenter and resided in Shirley, Mass. 
 
 (XI) Nathan Bliss, son of Abel and Nicena (Ballou) Bliss, 
 born Sept. 15, 1808, married Emily, daughter of James and 
 Freelove Lovett of Shutesbury in 1832. They had seven children 
 only one of whom was born in Royalston. They resided for a 
 time in Winhall, Vt., and removed to the old Bliss homestead 
 in Royalston about 1856. 
 
 Frederick J. Bliss, son of Nathan and Emily (Lovett) Bliss 
 was born at Winhall, Vt., June 21, 1844. When a young man 
 he was employed for several years in the Estey Organ factory 
 at Brattleboro, Vt., and in 1870 went to Michigan where he 
 engaged in business under the firm name of Holt & Bliss, general 
 buyers of farm products and shippers at wholesale, their business 
 being mostly in wheat and wool. In 1875, his father being in 
 years and left alone on the old farm, he returned to the old home 
 in Royalston, which has since been his home. He married 
 Dec. 19, 1870, Maria L. Cooke of Worcester. Their children 
 were Florence J. and Roland N., born in Corrunna, Mich., 
 the former in 1872, and the latter in 1873, and Amy May and 
 Edith both of whom were born in Royalston, the former in 1877, 
 and the latter in 1888. Roland Bliss is settled in Stillwater, 
 Mich., where he has a position with the Donnelly Shoe Co. 
 
2g4 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 of that place, is married and has three children. Amy May 
 married C. A. Eddy and lives in Milford, Conn. 
 
 (XII) Edward M. Bliss, youngest son of Nathan and Emily 
 (Lovett) Bliss, was born at Winhall, Vt., Nov. 25, 1846. He 
 worked on the farm during the summer months and attended 
 common and high school at Winhall, Vt., and Royalston, Mass., 
 during the winter months completing his studies at Powers 
 Institute in Bernardston. He was ten years old when his parents 
 removed to the old Bhss homestead in Royalston where his 
 father and grandfather were born. In early manhood he taught 
 school and learned the trade of a cabinet maker, which he fol- 
 lowed for several years. He was employed at the Estey Organ 
 works in Brattleboro, Vt., for three years. In 1876 he engaged 
 in canvassing for books with signal success, later turned his 
 attention to life insurance business and Jan. 14, 1882, he settled 
 in Worcester, and in 1883 entered into partnership with John 
 C. Bickford in the manufacture of lambswool soles and hand 
 crocheted slippers. Business was successful from the start. Mr. 
 Bliss purchased the interest of his partner Feb. 1, 1894, and 
 continued the business alone under his own name until bis death. 
 Some thirty hands- were employed on the machines in the shop 
 and about one hundred and fifty at their homes. Mr. Bliss 
 made a specialty of this hand work on his goods for many years, 
 and was the first to introduce the hand crocheted worsted slippers 
 on the market in this country. He died Nov. 24, 1903, after an 
 illness of only a few days. He attained a position of honor and 
 usefulness. He attended the Central Congregational Church, 
 was a member of the Worcester Congregational Club, the Econo- 
 mic Club and the Worcester Board of Trade. He married at 
 Royalston Jan. 1, 1870, Sarah A. Buffum, daughter of Benjamin 
 and Sarah Buffum, born in Royalston Oct. 11, 1840, and died 
 in September, 1878. He married (second) Feb. 1, 1882, Ehzabeth 
 A. Heywood of Indianapolis, Ind., who died March 17, 1884. 
 He married (3) July 14, 1883, Louise M. Lawrence, daughter of 
 Charles S. and Maria (Hervey) Lawrence of Oxford, Mass. 
 
 The other children of Nathan and E.nily (Lovett) Bliss were: 
 Ameha Lucretia, born Oct. 7, 1834; Helen Jane, born April 9, 
 1836, died Nov. 9, 1898; Julia Louisa, born Jan. 4, 1838, married 
 William F. Jordm; Nicena Jane, born May 1, 1840, married 
 Azro K. Green; Alfreda Maria, born May 7, 1842, married 
 
THE BLISS FAMILY 295 
 
 Charles P. Hoppin. Mrs. Emilj^ (Lovett) Bliss died March 16, 
 1805. 
 
 Harrison Bliss, son of Abel and Nicena (Ballon) Bliss was 
 born in Royalston Oct. 9, 1812. What education he received in 
 school was obtained in his native town. He started out at the 
 age of eighteen to make his own living, and landed in Worcester 
 with just seventeen cents in his pockets. He went to work first 
 for Dr. Oliver Fiske at the very place where he afterwards 
 bought one of the finest houses in the city. He worked four 
 years in the Worcester Post-Office, after which he went into 
 business with Deacon Alexander Harris in the SaHsbury block 
 in Lincoln Square deahng in groceries and flour. He sold his 
 interest in the store in 1850, and later opened a flour store in 
 pirtnership with T. and J. Sutton under the name of Bliss, 
 Sutton & Co., on Mechanic street, Worcester, and in 1857 sold 
 out to his partners. From that time to his death he was occupied 
 with his real estate and banking business. Mr. Bliss was Presi- 
 dent of the New Bedford & Taunton Branch of the Boston, 
 Clinton & Fitchburg railroad, Vice-president of the Framingham 
 and Lowell Branch. In company with the late Francis H. Dewey 
 he founded the Mechanics National Bank in 1848, of which he 
 was President from 1860 to his death in 1882. He was interested 
 in the Mechanics Savings Bank from its organization in 1851, and 
 was President from 1864 to his death. He was also interested 
 in the old Music Hall corporation and in the Bay State House 
 Corporation. He was prominent in city affairs, represented 
 the City of W^orcester in the General Court in 1855, 1865 and 
 1874, and was an alderman in 1861, 1863, 1864, 1865, 1875 and 
 1876. He was the chief owner of the Oriental Powder Co., 
 manufacturing gunpowders near Portland, Me. During the 
 Franco Prussian war he made a large sum of money selling 
 powder to the belligerents. He married Sarah H. Howe, daughter 
 of Wm. FTowe of Worcester, April 5, 1836. Mrs. Bliss died July 
 24, 1882, a few weeks after her husband. She was a very capable 
 woman and famous for her charities. Mr. BHss died July 7, 
 1882. Their children were: Harrison, Jr., born July 30, 1843, 
 he married Amy Brown of Dighton, Nov. 6, 1864, and died 
 May 12, 1868; Sarah, born Sept. 22, 1845, died Nov. 18, 1849; 
 William Howe, born Sept. 23, 1850, married (first) Nellie J. 
 Winch INIay 31, 1883, married (second) Florence E. W. Weston 
 April 15, 1891; Pamelia Washburn, born May 21, 1854, died 
 
ig(, HISTORY OF ROYALSTON" 
 
 Sept. 0, 1854; Lizzie Davis, born IVIarch 12, 1856, m.inied 
 Francis H. Dewey Dec. 12, 1878. They have one son and one 
 daughter. 
 
 TIMOTHY BLISS BRANCH OF THE BLISS FAMILY 
 
 Timothy Bliss, son of Capt. Nathaniel BUss and Mehital)Ie 
 Whitaker of Rehol)oth, Mass., was born in Rehoboth Jnn. 4, 
 1733. He settled on the Warwick roid west of the Baptist 
 Common where he made a purchase of six hundred acres which 
 must have covered a part of the Moore Grant. He married 
 Anna Hale Kingsley of Rehoboth Aug 23, 1752. They had 
 twelve children, of whom only three were born in Royalston. 
 He settled his son, Israel, with him on the homestead, who had 
 a family of eleven children and removed to New York state, 
 when the place became incorporated with other farms. Timothy 
 Bliss died Jan. 4, 1822, age 89, and his wife Anna Hale Bliss 
 Jan. 8, 1829, aged 92. 
 
 Aaron Bliss, son of Timothy Bliss and Anna Hale Kingsley^ 
 was born Sept. 20, 1753. He was a soldier in the Revolutionary 
 Army. He married Mary Woodbury Dec. 8, 1778, and died 
 at Royalston Sept. 13, 1849, at the age of 96 years. His wife 
 died Feb. 16, 1829, 70 years of age. Their children were: Aaron, 
 born Feb. 10, 1792, married Olive Frazy of Gill, March 7, 1830; 
 Andrew, born March 13, 1790, died March 26, 1795; Stephen, 
 born Jan. 21, 1786, died Sept. 14, 1835; Benjamin W., born 
 June 7, 1795; Anna, born May 3, 1779; Betty, born July 17, 
 1782, married Jonathan Woodbury Jan. 21, 1802; Mary, born 
 Jan. 16, 1781; and Rhoda, born March 13, 1788, and died March 
 23, 1795. 
 
 Aaron was succeeded on his farm by his son Benjamin W . 
 Bliss, born June 7, 1795. He served in the War of 1812-1815 and 
 lived and died on the old homestead. He was married Nov. 10, 
 1816, to Lois Walker, daughter of Daniel and Lucy (Garfield) 
 Walker. He died of typhoid fever July 24, 1869. She died at 
 Royalston Dec, 6, 1874, aged 77 years. Their children were: 
 Andrew Jackson, born April 8, 1820; Benjamin W., Jr., born 
 Nov. 12, 1824; Mary Ann, born Sept. 12, 1831, mcrried Nov. 
 9, 1849, Amos Martin, farmer, of Richmond, N. H.; Persis 
 Ann Lucretia, born July 26, 1835, married Nov. 4, 1855, Lemuel 
 H. Rawson, farmer, of Orange, Mass. 
 
THE BLISS FAMILY 197 
 
 PhiUi'p Harrison Bliss, son of Benjamin W. Bliss, was born 
 in Royalston Sept. 21, 1841, in the same house that his father 
 was born in, on June 6, 1795. He received his education in the 
 common schools of Royalston, High Scliool in Winchester, N. 
 H., Bernardston, Mass., and the Athol High School. He com- 
 menced teaching school in 1862, which he continued until 1879, 
 living on the farm where he was born until 1880, when he moved 
 to Athol, and entered the grocery store of S. E. Fay & Co., as 
 clerk where he remained eight years. He then entered the shoe 
 shop of the C. M. Lee Co., where he was employed as a cutter 
 for twelve years, after which he worked for the L. S. Starrett Co. 
 for eleven years, when he removed to West Acton, Mass., which 
 has since been his home. He united with the Baptist Church 
 in West Royalston in 1858, of which he was a member until 
 he joined the Athol Baptist Church in 1884, and the West Acton 
 Church in 1911. He was chosen a Deacon in the Royalston 
 church in 1868, and has held that office in the several churches 
 of which he has been a member to the present time. He sang 
 in the church choir forty-seven years and was chorister twenty- 
 one years. He was for three years a member of the Royalston 
 School Committee, has been clerk of the churches and Sunday 
 schools of which he has l^een a member and clerk of the Millers 
 River Baptist Association of Churches for eleven years. 
 
 He was married in 1868, to Julia H. Hill, daughter of Charles 
 and Sarah P. Hill of West Royalston. She was born Aug. 31, 
 1846. Their children are: Bessie E., born July 1, 1872; Grace 
 I., born Jan. 27, 1875; and May J., born Oct. 27, 1880. 
 
 Daniel Bliss, son of Timothy and Tammy (Wait) Bliss 
 was born July 17, 1797. He married Harriet Peck, daughter 
 of Lt. Daniel Peck, Oct. 11, 1821, and died Sept. 6, 1863. They 
 had seven children: Lucy Ann, Elmer Wait, Hervey Winchell, 
 Emily Augusta, Mary Amanda, Timothy Warner, Delia Jose- 
 phine. 
 
 Hervetj Winchell Bliss, son of Daniel and Harriet (Peck) 
 Bhss, was born in Royalston Sept. 19, 1827. He married Sarah 
 M. Tower, who was born in Lancaster, Mass., June 21, 1827. 
 She died at Royalston March 31, 1865, being thrown from a 
 carriage on Jacobs Hill. They had three children: Kate Maria, 
 born March 14, 1858, died Feb. 26, 1865; James Henry, born 
 Sept. 2, 1860, and Julia Tower, born May 24, 1863. Julia married 
 Dr. E. G. Fosgate in 1888, and died at Ashburnham, Mass., June, 
 
igS HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 1901. She left one daughter, Hazel Ella, born Sept. 26, 1892, 
 who graduated at Mt. Holyoke College. 
 
 Mr. Bliss married (second) Nov. 7, 1866, Mrs. Nancy T. 
 Tucker of Barre, Mass. There were no children by the second 
 marriage that lived. He moved to a farm near Royalston 
 Centre in April, 1866, which he owned and occupied some ten 
 years, and moved to Winchester, N. H., in the spring of 1876. 
 He was a member of the School Committee of Royalston and 
 served the town of Winchester as Selectman one year. He joined 
 the Congregational Church at the age of fourteen years, and was 
 for many years a deacon of the Congregational Church in Win- 
 chester. He died in Winchester Sept. 20, 1902. 
 
 Jamz8 Hervey Bliss, son of Hervey W. and Sarah (Tower) 
 Bliss, was born in Royalston Sept. 2, 1860. He graduated from 
 the Winchester High School in 1878, and soon after began 
 clerking in the general store of F. Weeks & Co. After about 
 eight years in the store he bought out the grocery, crockery and 
 shoe departments, which he carried on for twenty years, selling 
 out in 1907 when he went into the manufacture of boxes in which 
 he is now engaged. He was elected to the New Hampshire 
 Legislature in 1901. He is a member of the Winchester Grange, 
 and has held several m'nor town offices. He joined the Congre- 
 gational church in 1884, and has been Superintendent of the Sun- 
 day school. He married Feb. 14, 1888, Ella L. Gates of Winches- 
 ter, formerly of Wendell, Mass. She died in October of the same 
 year. In March, 1890, he married Alice R. Foster of Winchester. 
 She died Feb. 22, 1901. Three children were born to them: 
 Olive S., born Jan. 20, 1892; Hervey G., born April 20, 1893; 
 and E. Palmer, born Dec. 26, 1894. 
 
 Elmer Wait Bliss, oldest son of Daniel and Harriet (Peck) 
 Bliss, was born in Royalston May .31, 1824. His early life was 
 spent in his native town. In 1850 he went to California in 
 search of gold via the Isthmus of Panama. He spent six years 
 in California and Oregon. In 1857 he married Elizabeth God- 
 dard of Petersham. For some j^ears he was engaged in the manu- 
 facture of furniture in the firm of Dwlnnell & Bliss of Brattle- 
 boro, Vt., and for a time was employed in the Estey Organ shops. 
 He with severcil others formed the Burdett Organ Co. in Brattle- 
 boro; they removed their business to Chicago, where they lost 
 everything in the great fire of 1871. The business was then 
 re-established in Erie, Pa., where it was carried on for many 
 
THE BLISS FAMILY 199 
 
 years. He retired fro-n business about 189D. In 1904 he sold 
 his home in Erie and returned to Brattleboro, to live with his 
 daughter, who that year was married to Walter F. Goddard. 
 He died Aug. 18, 1911, aged 87 years two months and 18 days. 
 His wife died some sixteen years before. He was survived by 
 his daughter, Mrs. W. F. Goddard and one grand-daughter. 
 Miss Elizabeth Taylor of Brattleboro. He was a man of strong 
 character, industrious, thorough and conscientious in all he did. 
 Timothy Warner Bhss and Deha Josephine BHss, youngest 
 children of Daniel and Harriet (Peck) Bliss, died in infancy. 
 
 Timothy Bliss, Jr., second son of Timothy and Anne Hale 
 (Kingsley) Bliss was born Jan. 10, 1756. He was a wheelwright 
 and farmer. He married Tammy Wait May 18, 1780. She was 
 born at Cape Ann June 15, 1759, and died Oct. 16, 1850. He died 
 Feb. 9, 1815. They had ten children, only three of whom are 
 recorded as born in Rayalston. The family probably removed 
 to Vermont. 
 
 THE WOODBURY FAMILY 
 
 One of the very earliest families to settle in Royalston, 
 and which for more than a century was prominently identified 
 with the public, so3ial and religious life of the town, was the 
 Woodbury family. It was a large family and through its 
 descendants became connected with many of the most promi- 
 nent families of the town. The immigrant ancestor of this 
 family, John Woodbury, came to America from England in 
 1624. 
 
 Berijamni, of the fourth generation, had children as follows: 
 Joseph, born Sept. 27, 1722; Benjamin, born Feb. 5, 1726; 
 Joshua, born March 25, 1723; EUzabeth, born Oct. 28, 1730; 
 Lot. born Oct. 11, 1733; Peter, born May 20, 1736; Jonathan 
 and brother, born Nov. 10, 1740; Ruth, born Oct. 15, 1745. 
 The father of these children died Aug. 22, 1781, in the 84th 
 year of his age; the m3ther died Dec. 10, 1783 in the 85th 
 year of her age. 
 
 Captain Peter Woodbury, fifth son of Benjamin Woodbury, 
 was born May 20, 1736, and moved with his family from 
 Sutton, Mass. to Royalston about the year 1763, and settled 
 on the farm where a fifth generation was born, and which 
 
200 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 was in possession of the Woodl)ury family until Feb. 15, 1904, 
 when it was sold to Emory A. Holden, the present owner. 
 The houses on the place were burned. 
 
 Captain Peter Woodbury had a large family of sons and 
 daughters, ten of whom liYed to have families of their own. 
 He was one of the most prominent men in the early history of 
 the tow.-: was the first Town Treasurer, serving from 1765 to 
 1770 inclusive, Town Clerk ten years, between 1782 and 1794, 
 Selectman sixteen years, Assessor three years, and Representa- 
 tive to the Great and General Court in 1788, '89. He was 
 captain of a Royalston company in the Revolution, and it is 
 related of him, probably on the occasion of the Burgoyne 
 alarm, that he marched into the meetinghouse in time of 
 divine service and gave out this military order: "Every 
 man belonging to my company turn out." He kept a public 
 house for many years. He married first, Ruth Sibley, Dec. 
 16, 1754, who died March 23, 1755; he married, second, 
 Zerviah Greenwood, Jan. 18, 1759; both of these marriages 
 were in Sutton before he removed to Royalston ; he married a 
 third time, Mrs. Mary Chase of Royalston, April 5, 1792. 
 He died Feb. 24, 1806, at the age of seventy years. 
 
 The children of Captain Peter Woodbury were: Peter, born 
 March 14, 1755; Lot, born March 15, 1760; Daniel, born March 
 22, 1762; Sally, born Aug. 31, 1764; Jonathan, born Jan. 26, 
 1767; Ruth, born March 3, 1769; Zerviah, born May 25, 1771; 
 John, born Sept. 12, 1773; Benjamin, born March 6, 1776; 
 James, born Dec. 31, 1778; Ruth, born Jan. 7, 1781; Joseph, 
 born July 7, 1784. 
 
 Lot, James, Jonathan and John removed to Bethlehem, 
 N. H.; Sally Woodbury married Deacon Ebenezer Pierce of 
 Warwick, Mass. She was survived by four sons and one 
 daughter. Three of the sons were deacons of the church. 
 
 The first Ruth died Sept. 15, 1777; the second Ruth 
 married Samuel Greenwood of Wendell, May 29, 1800, and 
 surviving him, married Hon. Joseph Estabrook of Royalston, 
 June 17, 1810. She died Sept. 16, 1814 in her 38th year; 
 Zerviah married John Wood of Royalston, April 26, 1792; 
 Joseph died at Stoddard, N. H., Aug. 20, 1812. 
 
 Cayi. Daniel Woodbury, second son of Capt. Peter Wood- 
 bury, was born Nov. 22, 1762. He married Esther Waite 
 July 25, 1785. The record says, "I was 23 the 22nd day of 
 
THE WOODBURY FAMILY 201 
 
 the March before, and my wife 21, the 28th of the January 
 l.efore." 
 
 The children of Dani-el and Esther (Waite) Woodbury 
 were: George, born March 1, 1786, died Nov. 27, 1801; 
 Daniel, born Nov. 25, 1789, died Aug. 9, 1803; Jonathan, born 
 May 30, 1792, died Sept. 7, 1795; Polly, born Oct. 24, 1796, 
 died Aug. 20, 1803; Peter, born July 31, 1799, died Nov. 17, 
 1884; Daniel, born May 17, 1812, died Feb. 29, 1813. Esther 
 (Waite) Woodbury, the mother of these children, died April 7, 
 1824. 
 
 Capt. Daniel married, second, Mrs. Persis Chase of War- 
 wick, March 21, 1825; she died Oct. 16, 1856. Capt. Daniel 
 Woodbury died Oct. 13, 1843. 
 
 Feter Woodbury, the only child of Capt. Daniel and 
 Esther (Waite) Woodbury to grow to manhood, was born 
 July 31, 1799. He married Oct. 29, 1822, Amanda Faulkner, 
 daughter of Ammi and Anna (Towne) Faulkner, who was 
 born Oct. 16, 1800. 
 
 The children of Peter and Amanda (Faulkner) Woodbury 
 were: George, born July 31, 1823; Abigail Mayo, born Nov. 
 27, 1824, and an infant son, who lived only a few days. 
 Amanda (Faulkner) Woodbury died Jan. 29, 1827, and Peter 
 Woodbury married, second, Lucinda Raymond of Winchendon 
 Dec. 13, 1827. The children of Peter and Lucinda (Ray- 
 mond) Woodbury were: Daniel Raymond, born Sept. 17, 
 1828, died April 18, 1903; James Peter, born Dec. 28, 1831; 
 Amanda Lucinda, born Nov. 21, 1836. 
 
 Lucinda (Raymond) Woodbury died April 14, 1877 and 
 Peter Woodbury Nov. 17, 1884. 
 
 George Woodbury, son of Peter and Amanda (Faulkner) 
 Woodbury was the first child born in the house built by 
 Capt. Daniel Woodbury, and was born July 31, 1823, the 24th 
 birthday of his father. He was an active man in public 
 affairs, was Town Treasurer from 1855 to 1857 inclusive, 
 and clerk of the parish for many years. He sang in the 
 church choir forty years, and was for twenty-five years a 
 member of Star Lodge F. & A. M. of Athol. He married 
 July 4, 1849, Almira Greenwood Chase of Warwick, who was 
 horn Dec. 25, 1826. She held the pen of a ready writer in 
 verse, and often furnished verses for many occasions, the 
 Rojalston Centennial Hymn having been written by her 
 
202 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 George Woodbury died Nov. 18, 1895. 
 
 Children of George and Almira (Chase) Woodbury were: 
 Antoinette Hemans, born June 16, 1850, died April 27, 1865; 
 Martha Ahnira, born July 29, 1853; George Edward, born 
 Dec. 8, 1855; WiUiam Arthur, born Nov. 14, 1863, died May 
 11, 1865; Leshe Hanks, born Feb. 3, 1866. These children 
 are the ninth generation from the first Peter, who came from 
 England, and the fifth generation bearing the name of Wood- 
 bury born on the old farm at Royalston. 
 
 Martha Almira Woodbury, second child of George and 
 Almira (Chase) Woodbury, married William A. Brodie of 
 Geneseo, N. Y., July 24, 1889 and resides in that city. 
 
 Gew-ge Edward Woodburij, oldest son of George and Almira 
 (Chase) Woodbury, married Miss Cora J. Fisher of Royalston, 
 April 7, 1881. They had one child, Chester Leslie, born 
 Jan. 28, 1885. Mrs. Cora J. Woodbuiy died in Maiden in 
 1914, and her remains were brought to Royalston for burial. 
 
 Leslie Hanks Woodbury, married Mrs. Cora A. (Nelson) 
 Wetherbee of Royalston, March 31, 1894. They reside in 
 Tacoma, Washington. George Woodbury their son, is the 
 wireless operator on the United States Steamer Dirigo, plying 
 between Alaska and Unalaska. 
 
 James Peter Woodbury, son of Peter and Lucinda (Ray- 
 mond) Woodbury, was born in Royalston, Dec. 28, 1831. 
 He married Martha Abigail Brown of Winchendon, June 20, 
 1859. He was a well-known farmer in Royalston, living on 
 the old Woodbury homestead. His wife died Oct. 31, 1886, 
 and he removed to Springfield, Vt., Dec. 20, 1887. He 
 married, second, JuUa Stephens of Springfield, Vt., Sept. 12, 
 1888. His occupation while living in Springfield was that of 
 coachman and landscape gardening. He died Aug. 4, 1907, 
 and was buried in Royalston. 
 
 Amanda Lucinda Woodbury, daughter of Peter and 
 Lucinda (Raymond) Woodbury, was born in Royalston Nov. 
 21, 1836. She married Benjamin Frankhn Wyman, June 23, 
 1869. They resided in Chester, Vt., where Mr. Wyman was 
 a cabinet-maker by trade. He was a member of the Congre- 
 gational Church, in which he held several offices, and of Henry 
 Post, G. A. R., of which he was commander. He served in 
 the Civil War three years, being a member of Co. K, r23d 
 
THE WOODBURY FAMILY 203 
 
 New York Regiment, and received a medal from the New 
 York State Commission as a survivor of the battle of Gettys- 
 burg. He died in July, 1909. They had no children. 
 
 Deacon Benjamin Woodbury, brother of Capt. Peter 
 Woodbury, was also an early settler. He came from Sutton, 
 and settled the next place south of the Wilson Bragg place 
 on the Athol road. He organized with the First Congregational 
 Church Oct. 13, 1766, and was one of its first deacons, serving 
 from 1768 to 1779. He was one of the Selectmen of the 
 town for ten years, between 1765 and 1781. He died Oct. 17, 
 1793 at the age of 68. 
 
 Benajah Woodhury, another brother, also from Sutton, 
 settled at the foot of the hill on the Athol road on the place 
 once known as the Artemas Raymond place. He died Feb. 22, 
 1802, at the age of 55 years. Neither of the last-named 
 families have had representatives in town for more than half 
 a century. 
 
 THE WALKER FAMILY 
 
 The emigrant ancestor of the Obadiah Walker family of 
 Sutton, from whom the Royalston Walkers are descended, 
 was Thomas Walker, who came from London to Boston in 
 1650. His mother's will reads as follows: "Hannah Walker 
 of London, widow, April 10, 1675. 
 
 "I give and bequeath unto my son, Thomas Walker of 
 Sudbury in New England, in the parts beyond the seas, 
 merchant, the sum of one hundred and fifty pounds of lawful 
 money of England to be paid to him or his assigns within 
 twelve months next after my decease. In case of his death 
 before it becomes payable, I give the said sum to his wife? 
 Mary, for the use of their children, if she be then living, but 
 if dead then to the Executors of my son Thomas for the use 
 of the children." 
 
 IL Tho7nas ]Valker, Jr., son of Thomas and Mary was 
 born May 22, 1664. He lived in Framingham, where he was 
 held in great respect; he was Town Treasurer in 1700 and 
 constable in 1703, and was an original member of the Framing- 
 ahm Church. He married Martha How, daughter of Samuel 
 How, born Oct. 9, 1669. He died Oct. 25, 1717, and Mr. 
 
204 HISTORY OF ROVALSTOIT 
 
 Swift notices his burial, October 27, as follows: '' Hodie 
 Sopultus Tho. Walker; proh: dolor!" He had ten children. 
 
 III. Lieut. Ohadiah Walker, son of Thomas A. Jr., and 
 Martha, married first, May 2, 1715, Hannah Learned. They 
 lived in Marlboro and Suttom She died July 6, 1744. He 
 married second, Oct. 28, 1845, in Uxbridge, Mrs. Eunice 
 White of Uxbridge. He had six childi-en by his first wife and 
 one by his second. 
 
 IV. Lieut. Ohadiah Walker, son of Obadiah and Hannah 
 (Learned) Walker, born June 8, 1721, married Nov. 12, 1741, 
 Hepzibah Shumway of Oxford. He was the Obadiah Jr., in 
 the list of officers and men from Sutton in the Colonial 
 Service, 1755-1761 for various lengths of time. This is the 
 Obadiah who came to Royalston from Sutton and Douglas. 
 He had eight children. He died in Croydon, N. H., in 1810 
 at the age of 90 years. 
 
 V. Ohadiah Walker, son of Obadiah and Hepzibah Walker, 
 born Jan. 2, 1745, married Agnes McCullough of Barre, Aug. 
 24, 1775. He was a Revolutionary soldier, enlisting as a 
 private from Barre in Captain Black's Company of Minute 
 Men on the alarm of April 19, 1775; also Corporal in Capt. 
 Wm. Henry's Company, Colonel Whitney's Regiment. He 
 had eight children. 
 
 VI. Asa Walker, son of Obadiah and Agnes (McCullough) 
 Walker, born at Royalston in 1778, married April 4, 1821, 
 Anstis, daughter of Captain Joseph and Elizabeth Jacobs, 
 born Aug. 15, 1797. Children: Marias, died July 21, 1842 of 
 consumption; William, Nathaniel, Obadiah and Joseph. 
 Asa was in the war of 1812, serving 35 days with the Royal- 
 ston Company in 1814. He died Dec. 10, 1830. His wife 
 died in Otter River, Dec. 17, 1872. 
 
 VII. William N. Walker, oldest son of Asa and Anstis 
 (Jacobs) Walker was born in Royalston, Nov. 14, 1823. He 
 died in Otter River, Nov. 30, 1906. He went to Otter River 
 when a young man, and lived there until his death. For 
 several years he was engaged in the manufacture of stoves. 
 He married Minerva Horton, April 19, 1849; she died Aug. 6, 
 1893, and he married, second, Sarah D. Bowman, Dec. 16, 
 1897, with whom he lived at the time of his death, and who 
 survived him only a few months. He had two sons by his 
 
THE WALKER FAMILY 205 
 
 first wife, George E., born May 8, 1852 and Aleck M., born 
 Nov. 2, 1856. 
 
 George E. Walker married Susie J. Stewart Oct. 20, 1875. 
 He lived in Gardner for several years, was a machinist, and 
 was quite prominent in the Masonic order. He died at his 
 home in Gardner, April 8, 1909. His wife, Susie J., died 
 April 7, 1899. They had two children, AUce M. Walker, 
 who has been a bank clerk in Gardner and Arthur W. Walker 
 who is proprietor of a jewelry store in Somerville. He 
 married Octavia M. Perkins, Oct. 7, 1907. 
 
 Aleck Walker, married Hattie B. Parkhurst, July 2, 1876. 
 He died April 14, 1884, and was survived by his widow who 
 is now living in Sprin^aeld. 
 
 Deacon Joseph Walksr, son of Asa and Anstis (Jacobs) 
 Walker, was born in Royalston, June 30, 1825; he married 
 Nancy S. Thomas of Winchendon, Jan. 9, 1849; she was born 
 June 27, 1828. From 1849 to 1858 they lived in Worcester, 
 where he carried on the business of carpenter and builder. In 
 1858 he removed to Royalston, where he worked at his trade 
 until the war of the Rebellion, when he enlisted Aug. 27, 1882 
 in Co. D., 36th Regiment Mass. Volunteers, of which he was 
 made first sergeant. Was in the hospital at Washington, 
 and discharged for disability Oct. 29, 1883. After partially 
 recovering from his illness, he went back into the service as 
 clerk in the Commissary Department, where he remained 
 until the close of the war. He was elected as Representative 
 to the Legislature in 1877. Soon after that time he opened 
 a store in a building just off the Common on the South 
 Royalston road, where he kept a general store until his 
 death, June 16, 1888. He served the town at different times 
 as Town Clerk, Selectman, Overseer-of-the-Poor, and was 
 Town Treasurer twelve years. For many years he was 
 deacon in the First Congregational Church. Nancy (Thomas) 
 Walker died in Athol, Oct. 21, 1893. 
 
 Children of Deacon Joseph and Anstis (Jacobs) Walker: 
 Joseph Nelson, an infant, died in Worcester; Clarence J., 
 Herbert Thomas and Florence A. 
 
 Clarence J. Walker, oldest son of Joseph and Nancy 
 (Thomas) Walker, was born in Worcester, June 6, 1855. His 
 parents removed to Royalston when he was a child and he 
 received his education in the schools of Royalston. He 
 
206 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 carried the Uiiitod States mail, driving the stage from 
 South Royalston to the Centre for four years. He married 
 Miss Edith C. Longley, daughter of Timothy M. Longley of 
 Royalston Centre, and removed to Webster, Mass., where he 
 now resides. He has been station agent at East Webster 
 for the past thirty-two years. He has sung in the quartette 
 of the First Baptist Church of Webster for twenty-eight 
 years, and was Town Auditor for more than twelve years. 
 They have had four sons, three of whom died in infancy. 
 One son is living and resides in West Springfield, Clifford 
 Maurice Walker. He is a clerk in the trainmaster's office 
 of the B. & A. R. R. 
 
 Herbert Thomas Walker, son of Joseph and Nancy, was 
 born in Royalston, May 24, 1867; attended the public schools 
 of Royalston Centre and the Bryant & Stratton Commercial 
 School in Boston in 1887 and 188S. He married, April 2^ 
 1893, Elsie J. Sears of Charlemont, Mass. They' have no 
 children. He is a member of Star Lodge of Masons of Athol, 
 and Charlemont Grange. Since 1894 he has been engaged 
 in the mercantile and fire insurance business. 
 
 Florence A. Walker, daughter of Joseph and Nancy 
 (Thomas) Walker, was born in Royalston. She was a teacher 
 in the Royalston and Athol schools for several years, and 
 afterwards graduated from the Gordon Missionary Training 
 School in Boston. After working as a missionary in South 
 Boston for about three years, she married Dr. Chiron W. 
 Smith of Boston, in Webster, May 20, 1897. They have 
 lived in Marlboro, Mass., for a number of years. 
 
 Obacliah Walker, youngest son of Asa and Anstis Walker, 
 was born in Royalston, Oct. 28, 1826. He married Harriet 
 W. Wilder of Winchendon, June 29, 1854. She was born 
 July 15, 1832 in Hingham, Mass., her father being one of 
 fifteen children. When a young man he went to work in a 
 Gardner chair shop, where he lost one hand, after which he 
 went to New Salem Academy and studied bookkeeping. 
 He then became a pedlar of Yankee notions, going about the 
 country with tin trunks strapped over his back and shoulders. 
 After a while he got a horse and wagon and put out palm 
 leaf and sold dry goods. He then had charge of the Union 
 store that formerly stood on Royalston Common where 
 the church parsonage now is, and later carried on liusiness 
 
THE WALKER FAMILY 207 
 
 there for himself, it being a general country store. He sold 
 out to Franklin Richardson, and after living in Winchendon 
 a few months returned to Royalston about 1866 and bought 
 the house near the Estabrook place, and also bought the store 
 business of Chas. H. Newton. Was appointed postmaster in 
 1870, which position he held until he sold his store to John 
 L. Kiig in 1S82. He was Town Treasurer from 1867 to 1873. 
 
 The TownHall was built during the time that he was treasurer. 
 The town voted that it should cost $10,000, and when the 
 bills were all figured up it was found to be one cent under 
 the appropriation. In 1882 he moved to Littleton, where he 
 remained some over two years, and in 1884 went to North 
 Reading, Mass., and bought a store, which he sold to Carpen- 
 ter and French, Aug. 7, 1886. He died the same month. 
 
 The children of Obadiah and Harriet (Wilder) Walker 
 were: Harriet Eva, Charles Sumner, Lizzie Lincoln and 
 Edward Everett. 
 
 Harriet Eva Walker was born Oct. 23, 1855. She married 
 Jerome L Wetherbee of Royalston, May 28, 1882. They 
 reside in Fitchlnirg. 
 
 Charles Sumner Walker, was born Aug. 7, 1857, in Royal- 
 ston. He attended the schools of his native town, and when 
 about twenty-one years of age went to Fitchburg, where he 
 married Georgetta M. Tucker, April 2, 1884, and soon after 
 went to North Reading, where he was in company with his 
 father in a general store business. After his father's death 
 in 1886 and the sale of the store he removed to Chelsea, Mass., 
 where he was in a market with C. B. Fox for about seventeen 
 years. He was then in another market until the Chelsea 
 fire of April, 1908, when both his residence and place pf 
 business were burned. He remained in Chelsea about a year 
 and a half, when he removed to Dorchester and later to 
 Winter Hill, Somerville, where he now resides, and is em- 
 ployed in a Boston market. His wife died in Chelsea, Feb. 
 26, 1903, and he married, second, Maud Brown of Chelsea, 
 Oct. 10, 1904. He has a son by his first wife, Charles 
 Tucker Walker, born at North Reading, Feb. 17, 1885, who 
 resides in Chelsea. 
 
 Lizzie Lincoln Walker, born April 29, 1862, died Jan. 15, 
 1898. She was one of the librarians of the public library, 
 removed with her parents to North Reading, and on the 
 
208 HISTORY OF ROY ALSTON 
 
 death of her father returned with her mother to Royalston; 
 which was her home until her death. 
 
 Edward Everett Walker, born Jan. 4, 1865 and died Feb. 16, 
 1865. 
 
 Mrs. Harriet Wilder Walker died 
 
 THE MOSES WALKER FAMILY 
 
 Moses Walker, whose relationship to Asa Walker we have 
 not been able to ascertain, is said to have come from Athol to 
 Eoyalston about 1800 and settled in the southwest part of 
 the town. He was born in 1765 and died Feb. 23, 1841. He 
 married May 2, 1791, Lydia Bigelow. 
 
 The children of Moses and Lydia (Bigelow) Walker 
 were: Nancy, born March 9, 1793, married Isaac Nichols^ 
 May 25, 1813, and died in 1871. She had children, all of 
 whom died before she did; Lydia, born Sept. 13, 1794, married 
 Weston Ball of Warwick, Mass., at Troy, N. H., May 27, 
 1817; George M. and Addie J. Wheeler of Orange were her 
 grandchildren. John Bigelow Walker, born Feb. 23, 1796, 
 married Mercy S. Metcalf, Jan. 25, 1820; Ruth, born Aug. 5, 
 1797, married Jason Fisher of Royalston, Feb. 19, 1819. 
 Cynthia, born Dec. 19, 1798, married Ebenezer Wheeler Dexter 
 of Royalston, Sept. 23, 1817; Susanna, born Mar. 19, 1800, 
 died Oct. 12, 1839; Rowena, born Jan 12, 1802, died May 6, 
 1803. 
 
 John Bigelow Walker, only son of Moses and Lydia 
 
 (Bigelow) Walker, had three children: John Bigelow, Jr., 
 
 Rebeccah Metcalf and Minerva N. 
 
 John Bigelow Walker, Jr., born in Royalston, June 1, 1824, 
 married in 1853, Cornelia M. Moody of Northfield, sister 
 of the Evangelist, Dwight L. Moody; their children were 
 
 Lillian A., who married Chas. E. Cheney of Brooklyn, 
 
 N. Y., and resided in that city, Julia R., who resided in 
 
 Northfield with her mother; George B., who died in infancy; 
 Ho-pe E., who was a bookkeeper in New York City, and 
 
 Samuel Edwin, who married Maud Phillips and lived in East 
 
 Northfield. 
 
 Rebeccah Metcalf Walker, born June 6, 1827, married 
 
 David P. Foster of Royalston, March 25, 1847. 
 
 Minerva N., born Dec. 21, 1833, was unmarried, and lived 
 
 in East Northfield. The records of the Moses Walker family 
 
THE WAI^KER FAMILY 209 
 
 were furnished by her from the family Bible. Calvin had a 
 :son Hiram who resided in Washington, D. C, about 1900; 
 Willard, born May 11, 1802, married Phoebe Thurston of 
 Orange, Nov. 14, 1826; Rhoda, born Nov. 11, 1799. Hannah, 
 born June 7, 1804; Reuben, born Feb. 24, 1742, died in 
 Royalston, Feb. 24, 1826, at the age of eighty-four years; 
 Ms only child a son died in Uxbridge, Mass. before the death 
 of his parents; Martha, married Ephraim Hill, Oct. 29, 1789> 
 Elijah Walker, who came from Douglas to Royalston with 
 his father Obadiah, was born May 17, 1756. He lived in the 
 west part of Royalston and married June 4, 1782, Abigail 
 Hill of Royalston. After he was seventy years old he would 
 walk four miles to church. He died April 14, 1836 at the age 
 of eighty. His children were: William, who went to Croydon, 
 N. H.; Ja7nes, who was born July 13, 1785 and married Sally 
 Brewer, Nov. 26, 1807; she died in 1860 at the age of ninety- 
 five. They had a son Elias, who had a son Errick D., who 
 lived in Athol many years; Jonah, born Aug. 1, 1789, married 
 Mary Swan of Richmond, N. H., July 23, 1813, daughter of 
 Dr. Ebenezer Swan. They had a son Lyman, born March 16, 
 1814, who married, Oct. 15, 1835, Emeline Ingram of Amherst, 
 Mass. He was a harness-maker, and removed to Fond du 
 Lac, Wis., where he followed his trade. When the war 
 broke out he enlisted in the First Wisconsin Cavalry, serving 
 in the department of equipment. He had one daughter, 
 Emiline Lisle, who was born while her parents resided in the 
 old historic house celebrated as the birthplace of Rev. Hosea 
 Ballou in Richmond, N. H. She was legally renamed Lisle 
 Lester, was educated at Lawrence University, Wis., and 
 became celebrated as a lecturer, elocutionist and journalist, 
 and traveled extensively in this country and Europe. She 
 was correspondent of London, New York and San Francisco 
 papers and resided in New York engaged in literary pursuits. 
 Lyman Walker, her father, died in Fond du Lac in 1883 at 
 the age of sixty-eight years 
 
 THE BALLOU FAMILY 
 
 The Ballous of Royalston and Richmond, N. H., are 
 descended from Maturin Ballou, a co-proprietor with Roger 
 
210 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 AVilliams, the Colonial founder of Rhode Island, in the 
 Providence Plantations. It is supposed that he was "the 
 younger son of a younger son of a good family in Devonshire," 
 England, born probably between 1610 and 1620, who like all 
 the unendowed offshoots of feudal nobility had to seek his 
 fortune for himself, and chose to emigrate to America. About 
 the year 1767 a general interest had sprung up in the County 
 of Providence R. I., in favor of emigration to Richmond, 
 N. H., where considerable tracts of new land were offered for 
 sale at temptingly low prices. Many farmers in Smithfield, 
 Glocester, Cumberland and the neighboring towns, who had 
 large families growing up to need homes or who otherwise 
 desired to better their circumstances made haste to purchase 
 those Richmond, N. H. lands, where small outlays would 
 secure ample homesteads. Among these emigrants were 
 several families of Ballous. 
 
 One of this company was Rev. Maturin Ballou of the 
 fourth generation from the immigrant Maturin. He was a 
 Baptist minister and was among the first, if not the very first, 
 to preach the Baptist gospel in New Hampshire. He had 
 eleven children, four of the six sons being distinguished preachers, 
 Hosea Ballou, the youngest son being renowTied as a cham- 
 pion of Universalism wherever that creed or doctrine is known, 
 and a grandson Rev. Hosea Ballou, 2d, was the first 
 among his ministerial brethren to receive the title D.D., 
 and first president of Tufts College. 
 
 From another of these Ballou families was descended 
 Eliza Ballou, the mother of President Gai-field, whose birth- 
 place was just over the Royalston line in Richmond, and 
 who belongs to the same branch of the family as those who 
 are connected with Royalston history. Some of the most 
 prominent and distinguished Royalston families are connected 
 by marriage with the Ballous; these include the Bullocks, and 
 the Bliss, White and Davis families. 
 
 The Ballous, who belong especially to Royalston history 
 are the family of Luther Ballou, of the sixth generation 
 from Maturin the immigrant. 
 
 Luther- Ballou was born in Richmond, N. H., Sept. 7, 1797. 
 He married Dec. 3, 1818, Clarissa Davis, daughter of Captain 
 Joseph and Sophia (White) Davis, who was born in Royalston, 
 
MRS. LUTHER BALLOU 
 
 LUTHER BALLOU 
 
 SOPHIA (BALLOU) MORANDI 
 
 ALMANDO BALLOU 
 
THE BALLOU FAMILY 211 
 
 March 11, 1797. They had twelve children, all of whom 
 were born in Royalston.. 
 
 There are some remarkable circumstances connected with 
 this family. Of the twelve children, all born of the same 
 mother, all grew up to maturity without the occurrence of a 
 single infantile death. The names of the seven daughters 
 all end with the letter ''a," and those of the five sons all end 
 with the letter "o." The parents of these children were emi- 
 nently worthy people, both descendants of a robust, intelligent 
 ancestry — not professed church members, but exemplars of 
 solid moral rectitude ■ — Universalists in religious faith, hope 
 and charity — industrious and economical farmers by occupa- 
 tion, much attached to their rural home, and universally 
 respected in the community. Their old homestead was in the 
 extreme northwestern part of Royalston near the celebrated 
 "Royal Cascade" or "Forbes Falls" as it is commonly known. 
 
 The children of Luther and Clarissa (Davis) Ballou 
 are: 1. Sophia, born Sept, 22, 1819. She married Francis 
 Morandi, Feb. 6, 1845, a son of Stephen and Elizabeth 
 (Anderson) Morandi, born in Boston, Dec. 3, 1813. Mrs, 
 Sophia and her husband were well matched. He began 
 business as a boy in the office of the Boston Saturday Evening 
 Gazette, later learned the trade of a tinsmith, and still later 
 rose to distinction as a hotel and house furnisher on an 
 extensive scale. He was in that line of business for over half 
 a century. The family home was long in Boston, then 
 briefly in Wheeling, W. Va., and later in Maiden, Mass., 
 where Mrs. Sophia died Jan. 5, 1867. 
 
 2. Emeransa Ballon was born Sept. 10, 1821, and died 
 unmarried in Maiden, Jan. 12, 1875. 
 
 3. Almando Ballou, the oldest son, was born May 2, 
 1823. He married Mahalath Harkness, daughter of Elijah 
 and Martha (Bassett) Harkness of Richmond, N. H., born in 
 Richmond, N. H. Jan. 23, 1822. They were married Jan. 1, 
 1852, and had four children, one born in Boston, the others in 
 Richmond. He was engaged in mercantile business in Boston 
 from 1863 to 1871, when he moved to Philadelphia where he 
 continued in business. His son, De Forest Ballou, Esq., of 
 Philadelphia, said of his father: "My father was one of the 
 old '49 adventurers who went to California in that year, and 
 with his partner was the first to erect a frame building in 
 
2X2 HISTORY OF KOYALSTON- 
 
 Sacramento City. He also furnished the necessary lumber 
 and erected the jirst church, as he calls it, in that city, by 
 placing boards and boxes under a large tree, at which divine 
 services were first held in Sacremento, before any buildings 
 had been erected there." He died Nov. 28, 1910. 
 
 4. Angelia Ballon was born Dec. 16, 1824; married 
 Zachariah F. Young Jan. 1, 1850. He was born in Athol,. 
 March 10, 1821. They were married in Royalston by Rev. 
 Nomian Hazen. They had four children, all bom in Fitch- 
 burg, Mass. 
 
 5. Devillo Ballou, born Jan. 17, 1827; married Mary 
 Cutler, Nov. 13, 1850. He was a commercial traveler, and 
 died in Grant Park, 111., May 30, 1877, leaving a widow and 
 two daughters. 
 
 6. Lorenzo Ballou, born Nov. 29, 1828, married first, 
 Mary A. Marshall, May 18, 1852. She was born in Boston, 
 Dec. 16, 1833. They had three children. She died Sept. 16, 
 1861. He married second, Adelia M. Shedd, Feb. 3, 1864. 
 She was born in Mason, N. H., May 5, 1835: they had one 
 child. The family home was in Winchendon. Mr. Ballou died 
 Nov. 6, 1894. 
 
 7. Autantia Ballou, bom June 24, 1830, married George 
 N. Goodspeed, Nov. 7, 1850; he was the son of Isaac and 
 Lucy Wyman (Nutting) Goodspeed and was born in Hubbard- 
 ston, Mass., Nov. 6, 1826. They had four children, all born 
 in Winchendon. Mr. Goodspeed and partner were extensive 
 manufacturers of tub, pail and chair machinery, etc., in 
 Winchendon, under the firm name of Goodspeed & Wyman. 
 Mrs. Goodspeed died Oct. 18, 1897. 
 
 8. Clarinda Ballou, bom April 29, 1832, married David E. 
 Whitney, May 6, 1857. They went west, settled in Anoka, 
 Minn., on a farm, where Mr. Whitney died, leaving Mrs. 
 Clarinda a widow with a son and two daughters. 
 
 9. Lorina Ballou, bom Feb. 28, 1834, married Elisha W. 
 Harkness, July 1, 1856; he was the son of Elijah and Martha 
 (Bassett) Harkness, born in Richmond, Dec. 27, 1826. They 
 settled in Hinesburg, Vt., where they had six children born to 
 them. 
 
 10. Alphonso A. Ballou, fourth son of Luther and Sophia 
 (Davis) Ballou, was born in Royalston, March 9, 1836. He 
 married Sara A. Holton, daughter of Elihu and Edee Pres- 
 
THE BALLOU FAMILY 2l3 
 
 cott (Wright) Holton of Erving, Sept. 4, 1859. She was 
 born in Erving, Aug. 12, 1840. They had a daughter, Madge 
 Davenport, born May 16, 1870. When a young man he 
 resided in Orange, where he was depot master, and enlisted 
 in the Civil War in Company F, Fifty-second Mass. Regiment 
 of which he was made first lieutenant, his regiment being 
 assigned to the Department of the Gulf. On his departure 
 for the war he was presented with a fine sword by the citizens 
 of Orange. A year or two since he presented the sword to the 
 Historical Society of Orange. 
 
 After the war he went to Grafton, Mass., where he was 
 cashier of the First National Bank of Grafton for several 
 years and held important town offices. About 1884 he went 
 to Detroit, Mich., where he was treasurer and assistant 
 manager of the Detroit Emery Wheel Co., and at the same 
 time was director in one of the city banks for several years. 
 After a residence of eighteen years in Detroit, owing to ill- 
 health, he gave up business in 1902 and returned to Massa- 
 chusetts, settling in Newton Centre. He now resides in 
 Brockton, and is the only one of the large family of Luther 
 Ballou now living. 
 
 11. Czarina Ballou, born May 15, 1838, married Harrison 
 P. Goodspeed, June 9, 1857. He was a son of Isaac and 
 Lucy Wyman (Nutting) Goodspeed and was born in Hubbard- 
 ston. May 10, 1830. They had no children. Mr. Goodspeed 
 was connected with the machinery business of Goodspeed & 
 Wyman in Winchendon. Czarina Ballou Goodspeed died July 
 13, 1905. 
 
 Waldo Russell Ballou, youngest of the twelve children of 
 Luther and Clarissa (Davis) Ballou, was born in Royalston, 
 Feb. 13, 1845. When a young man he went to Winchendon, 
 Mass., where he learned the machinist's trade with Goodspeed 
 & Wyman. Afterwards resided in Maiden and Orange, Mass. 
 About 1880 he removed to Stamford, Conn., and entered the 
 employ of the Gale & Towne Manufacturing Co., and was the 
 superintendent of the lock department for several years. 
 Was a member of the city government of Stamford for a 
 number of years. He married, first, Sarah Scott Hathaway, 
 Nov. 25, 1873. She died Dec. 29, 1883. They had two 
 children: Harrison Hathaway, married and resides in Mam- 
 
214- HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 aroneck, N. Y.; Jeannette Morandi, married Roy L. Whitney, 
 M.D., resides in Waverley, Mass. 
 
 He married, second, Ella Jones. She died April 2, 1910, 
 leaving no children. He died in Stamford, Conn., June 24, 
 1914. 
 
 Royalston people of the middle of the last century were 
 familiar with Nancy Whipple, a descendant of the Ballou 
 family, whose home was not far from Forbes Falls. She was 
 a remarkable woman and was known far and wide as old 
 Nance Whipple, the fortune teller. Rev. Albert Bryant, the 
 poet of Royalston's Centennial, thus describes her: 
 
 "Ho, time is a Goblin, and aw^ful the dance 
 Whose mazes return not, but always advance, 
 
 Through which his gay partners he gleefully whirls. 
 And to bald, shriveled crones turns the fairest of girls." 
 So laughed the strange teller of fortunes. Old Nance. 
 
 She dwelt in a valley far over the hills, 
 Her two eyes were piercing, her accents were shrill. 
 Through her town and our town wandered her fame, 
 Till the sage and the simple, and all ages came 
 To learn of the future: five dimes was the bill. 
 
 One day in December the schoolmaster sat 
 By her wide chimney corner spellbound by her chat, 
 As she told how a widow with plenty of gold. 
 With houses, and acres, and beauties untold. 
 Would be his for the asking — with never a brat. 
 
 Now fleeter and fleeter the swift moments flew. 
 The chimney was wide, and fierce the wind blew. 
 The smoke and the ashes drew out and drew in, 
 And the schoolmaster fancied the dame was so thin, 
 That he saw, for a moment, the firelight shine through. 
 
 The master was eager, the dame's tongue was brisk, 
 His fortune grew larger — and lesser the risk. 
 
 Till his locks rose upright and he screamed to behold 
 Old Nancy together like burnt paper rolled, 
 And up the vast flue disappear with a whisk. 
 
THE BALLOU FAMILY 215 
 
 By the chimney still stands an empty arm chair, 
 To attest that my story is truthful and fair; 
 
 What became of the master I never have known, 
 And, for aught I can tell the merry old crone 
 Is completing his fortunes up in the air. 
 
 THE SHEPARDSON FAMILY 
 
 Among the old Royalston families that of the Shepardsons 
 has a most remarkable record in the educational and minis- 
 terial world, many of the sons and daughters of this family 
 having become noted teachers, ministers and professors; 
 and it is one of the very few of the older Royalston families 
 where the old ancestral homestead is now owned and occupied 
 by one bearing the old family name. 
 
 This family traces its American ancestry back to some time 
 in the year 1628-9, when one Daniel Shepardson landed at 
 Salem, Mass., being one of a numerous company who sought 
 homes in America at that period of English history. A 
 tradition indicates that this Daniel was accompanied by his 
 brother John, who was very soon killed in a dispute by a 
 spade thrown at him by an adversary. 
 
 The location of "Old Naumkeag" did not suit some of 
 the immigrants, who moved to Charlestown, where Daniel 
 Shepardson is recorded as a citizen in 1632. He was not one 
 of the wealthy members of the Puritan body, but was a 
 craftsman — a blacksmith by trade. He removed to Maiden, 
 where he died July 26, 1644, leaving a son Daniel and two 
 daughters. 
 
 2. Daniel Shepardson, son of (Daniel) succeeded his 
 father as blacksmith at Maiden. He was baptized June 14, 
 1641. He married April 11, 1668, Elizabeth, daughter of 
 Thomas Call, Sr., and widow of Mr. Samuel Tingley of 
 Maiden. Toward the end of his life he moved to Attleboro, 
 Mass., where he was known as "old goodman Daniel Shepard- 
 son." He had three sons and three daughters. 
 
 3. Nathaniel Shepardson, youngest son of (DanieP) was 
 born Oct. 28, 1680. He may have moved from Attleboro to 
 Rehoboth, Mass., where two of his children were baptized, 
 
226 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 although all are recorded as born in Attleboro. He had three 
 sons and two daughters. 
 
 4. Jonathan Shepardson, oldest son of (Nathaniel), was 
 born Sept. 20, 1706. He lived in Attleboro, Mass., and may- 
 have spent some time in Cumberland, R. I., before settling in 
 Templeton, Mass. He married Abigail Fuller, May 9, 1730. 
 They had six children. He died in Templeton in 1790. 
 
 5. Jonathan Shepardson, son of (Jonathan^), was born 
 in Attleboro, in January, 1734-5. He married Miriam, 
 daughter of Isaac and Sarah (Carpenter) Follett. In 1768 
 the family moved to Templeton, Mass., and in 1790 to 
 Royalston, being the first members of the Shepardson family 
 to make this town their home. They both died the same day, 
 Dec. 3, 1804. 
 
 He settled on the farm long known as the Tandy farm 
 now owned by W. D. Graves. He had ten children, all of 
 whom were married previous to the removal to Royalston. 
 He left his place to his son John. Another son Isaac, settled 
 on a farm nearly opposite the place known as the Bemis place. 
 
 6. Daniel Shepardson, son of (Jonathan'^) settled on the 
 place now owned and occupied by his grandson, Luke B. 
 Shepardson, this place having been owned by the Shepard- 
 son family more than a hundred years. He was born Oct. 6, 
 1775. He was a farmer, and married Sept. 9, 1801 Prudence, 
 daughter of David and Elizabeth Cook. She died June 24, 
 1858, aged seventy-eight, and he died May 5, 1856, aged 
 eighty. They had ten children: Jonathan, born Nov. 23, 
 1802; Pruda, born Aug. 12, 1804, married William Moore of 
 Montague, Feb. 6, 1826, died June 26, 1877; Lity, born April 
 19, 1806, died June 5, 1820; Eliza, born April 4, 1808, married 
 Charles Moore, March 9, 1829; David Cook, born May 31, 
 1810, died Sept. 7, 1813; Millie, born March 25, 1812, married 
 George Moore of Athol, and died 1893; Daniel, born July 27, 
 1813; David Cook, born October, 1815; John, born April 12, 
 1820; Eri, born Sept. 10, 1821. 
 
 Jonathan Shepardson, oldest child of Daniel and Prudence 
 Shepardson, was born in Royalston, Nov. 23, 1802. He was 
 well educated for a man of his time, and spent a number of 
 years of his early manhood teaching school, at which he 
 had marked success, and especially with schools which were 
 hard to discipline. After he was married he made his home 
 
THE SHEPARDSON EAMILY 2l7 
 
 3it the foot of Doane hill on the place now owned and oc- 
 •cupied by Stephen Frye. He went into the lumljer business, 
 ■sawing board from logs with the old-fashioned, up and down 
 saw. After the death of his wife he made his home with his 
 ■daughter until Jan. 18, 1875, when he passed away at the age 
 ■of 72 years and 2 months. He left liehind him a record of 
 a true, earnest, upright, Christian man, loved and respected by 
 all who knew him. He married Nancy Jaseph of Warwick, 
 March 29, 1825, and to them were born seven sons and one 
 daughter: Quincy Adams, born Feb. 14, 1826; Lucius Frank- 
 lin, korn Dec. 24, 1828; Joseph Henry, born Dec. 31, 1831; 
 Jonathan, bom Oct. 11, 1835, and died Oct. 12, 1837; Mary 
 ■Caroline, bom June 3, 1837, she married Luke Emel Bemis, 
 March 22, 1857, and died Jan. 30, 1906. 
 
 Lucius FrmMin ^hepardson, second son of Jonathan and 
 Nancy (Jaseph) Shepardson was born Dec. 24, 1828. His 
 education was received in the common schools of Royalston, 
 at Shelburne Falls Academy, and Waterville College, now Colby 
 University, Maine. 
 
 He married Maria L. Gage of Phillipston, Mass., in 1858; 
 she died in October, 1877. They had one son, Frank L. 
 Shepardson. He married, second, Miss Fannie Knight at 
 Greenfield, Mass., Oct. 12, 1885; there were no children by 
 his second wife. He was ordained pastor of the Baptist 
 Church of Princeton, Me., in 1860, and was a Baptist minister 
 for forty-four years. He died in East AVestmoreland, N. H., 
 Feb. 5, 1908. 
 
 About 1863 he went to Stamford, Vt. The churches of 
 which he was pastor were: Warwick, Mass., 1864-1867; 
 Three Rivers, Mass., 1867-1874; Rehoboth, Mass., 1874-1878; 
 South Newfane, Vt., 1880-1882; West Wardsboro, Vt., 1884- 
 1886; Passumpsic, Vt., 1887-1889; Norton, Mass., 1889-1893; 
 Chesham, N. H., 1893-1897; East Westmoreland, N. H., 1897- 
 1S04. Lucius Franklin Shepardson died at East Westmore- 
 land, N. H., Feb. 5, 1908. His widow lives in Troy, N. H. 
 
 Frank Lucius Shepardson, son of Lucius Franklin and 
 Maria (Gage) Shepardson, was born at Princeton, Me., April 
 10, 1861. His preliminary education was received at the High 
 School in Providence, R. L ; was graduated from Brown University 
 in 1883. Taught in private school, Cumberland, Md., 1883- 
 84, on faculty of Worcester Academy, Worcester, Mass., 
 
218 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 1884-96, acting principal of Worcester Academy 1894-95, and 
 principal of Colgate Academy, Hamilton, N. Y., 1896-1912. 
 Since 1912 has been Treasurer of Colgate University and 
 Associate Professor of Greek in the same institution. Traveled 
 in Europe in the summers of 1887-1900 and 1912. Married 
 in June, 1888 at Worcester to Miss Sarah Wliidden, daughter 
 of Charles R. Whidden of Calais, Me. They have two 
 children. Joseph Hennj Shepardson, third son of Jonathan and 
 Nancy (Jaseph) Shepardson, was born in West Royalston, 
 Dec. 31, 1831. His education was received at Shelburne Falls 
 Academy and Waterville College, now Colby University, Maine. 
 After graduating he taught school in Rahway, N. J. and then 
 attended a theological seminary in Northern Vermont, where 
 he pursued his studies. His first preaching was in the home 
 church at West Royalston, and at Royalston Centre. He 
 then supplied the Baptist Church at Cold Brook Springs 
 (Barre), where he found his wife Martha Henry, whom he 
 married in Warwick, Mass., Oct. 17, 1865. He then went to 
 Princeton, Me., where he was ordained Dec. 3, 1865, and was 
 pastor of a Baptist Church for a year. His wife died April 
 24, 1869, in her 31st year. 
 
 Soon after, at the solicitation of Rev. Amory Gale, who 
 was State Missionary of the State of Minnesota for the 
 Baptist denomination, he w^ent to Minnesota where he be- 
 came one of the Baptist missionaries, having charge of one or 
 two counties. He located his home on a government home- 
 stead in what was then knomi as Pleasant Valley. People 
 came in rapidly from European nations, and a town was 
 organized called Becker, of which Mr. Shepardson was made 
 clerk, which office he held for thirty-eight years. He w^as also 
 elected judge, which office he held for twenty-five years, 
 when he resigned. He was for fifteen yeare pastor of the 
 Baptist church of the town. He was married, second, to 
 Ellen Rand, a school-teacher from Alton, Me., March 4, 
 1870. She died April 2, 1908. 
 
 He exchanged his farm for village property, and has re- 
 signed all business to rest the remainder of his life. He is 
 now (1915) in his 84th year, and as he says in a letter, 
 
 "young as a chicken just hatched." 
 
 Daniel Shepardson, third son of Daniel and Prudence 
 
 Cook Shepardson, was born in Royalston, July 27, 1813. He 
 
REV. DANIEL SHEPARDSON 
 
THE SHEPARDSON FAMILY 219 
 
 was the first of the family to attend college, spending two 
 years at Amherst College and two years at Brown University. 
 Was member of Alpha Delta Phi. Did not graduate, but 
 received honorary degree of Master of Arts from Granville 
 College (now Denison University) in 1846, and same degree 
 from Brown University in 1853, also the honorary degree of 
 Doctor of Divinity from the University of Lewisburg (now 
 Bucknell University) in 1872. Moved to Ohio in 1841, 
 traveling by stage to Albany, thence by packet boat on the 
 Erie Canal thirteen days and nights to Buffalo, thence six 
 more days by lake and Ohio Canal to Newark, Licking 
 County. Was a Baptist minister in Zanesville, Cincinnati, 
 Cheviot and Piqua; principal of Woodward High School, 
 Cincinnati, 1855-1862, and for sixteen years a member of 
 Board of Examiners and Inspectors of Schools in that city; 
 principal of the Young Ladies' Institute, Granville, Ohio, 
 1868-1887, and founder of Shepardson College, the women's 
 department of Denison LTniversity. Member of Board of 
 Trustees of Denison University, 1843-1860 and 1880-1889. 
 He died in Granville, Ohio, Dec. 9, 1899. He married Feb. 
 13, 1841, in Sandisfield, Mass., Harriet S. Wilcox, who died 
 in Newark, Ohio, August, 1841; married, second, Dec. 1, 
 1842, Harriet Bestor Beard of Zanesville, Ohio, who died in 
 Cincinnati, June 9, 1853; married, third, June 18, 1854, Eliza 
 Ann, daughter of James Rogers and Hannah (Mulloy) 
 Smart, who was born March 21, 1835, in Orange, Meigs 
 County, Ohio. 
 
 He had twelve children of whom four died in infancy, 
 the others were: Harriet Julia Shepardson, born April 29, 
 1852; married Feb. 1, 1876, James Murdock of Oneida, 111.; 
 she died March 9, 1879. Two children. 
 
 Mary Ella Shepardson, born May 3, 1856; married Oct. 28, 
 1882, Hiram Sterling Pomeroy of Sommers, Conn. He was 
 a physician and resided in Boston. They had six children. 
 Mrs. Pcnieroy was the author of "Love's Crucible," a striking 
 novel of much spiritual power. She died suddenly of heart 
 failure at her heme in Boston, before the book had come from 
 the press. 
 
 Eliza Davis Shepardson, born Oct. 26, 1858, married Oct. 
 26, 1881, Charles Allen Marsh of Chicago, 111.; she died April 
 22, 1889. They had four children. 
 
220 HISTORY OF ROVALSTON" 
 
 Johannah Shepardson, born Jan. 3, 1860, married Dec. 12. 
 1883, Francis Wilthorne of Granville, Ohio. They reside in 
 Norfolk, Va., and have five children. 
 
 Francis Wayland Shepardson, l^orn Oct, 15, 1862, was gradu- 
 ated at Denison Univei-sity in 1882, married Sept. 3, 1884,. 
 Cora Lenore Whitcomb of Chnton, Ind. ; Professor of American 
 History in the University of Chicago; has one son. 
 
 George Defrees Shepardson, born Nov. 20, 1864, was graduated 
 at Denison University in 1885; married Aug. 31, 1892, Harriet 
 King of King's Mills, Ohio; instructor in Cornell University 
 in 1890-1; traveled in Europe in 1880 and 1905; Professor of 
 Electrical Engineering in Univei-sity of IVIinnesota since 1891 ; 
 has one daughter. 
 
 Daniel Shepardson,. bom Dec. 1, 1868; he was graduated from 
 Denison University, and before he was twenty-two years of 
 age won the degree of PhD. at Yale. After travel in Europe, 
 a theological course of study and several years' teaching of 
 Hebrew, Arabic and Enghsh Bible in the American Institute 
 of Sacred Literature, he entered the gospel ministry. He had 
 been preaching only a few months when he suffered paralysis 
 of his limbs, but he continued his work of preaching and 
 teaching from one end of the United States to the other, and 
 became known as the "Wheel-Chair Evangehst." He was 
 regarded as one of the foremost Bible expositors of the day, 
 and ranked with the most popular speakers at the Northfield 
 summer conferences founded by Dwight L. Moody; he 
 man-ied Aug. 27, 1895, Mary Belle Smith of Newark, Ohio; he 
 died Nov. 25, 1905, in Honolulu, H. I. 
 
 John Ernest Shepardson, born Oct. 26, 1877, was graduated 
 at Denison University, and is now Instructor in Electrical 
 Engineering at the Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio; 
 he is married and has one daughter and a son. 
 
 The four sons of Daniel Shepardson who grew up grad- 
 uated from Denison University, Granville, Ohio; and of these, 
 Daniel and Francis received the degree of Doctor of Philosophy 
 from Yale University, and George the same degree from Harvard 
 University. 
 
 David Cook Shepardson, fourth son of Daniel and Prudence 
 (Cook) Shepardson, was born Oct. 2, 1815. He married 
 Emily Grout of Warwick, Oct. 26, 1835, and lived the most 
 of his life after he was grown up in Warwick, Mass., where he 
 
REV. JOHN SHEPARDSON 
 
 ERI SHEPARDSON 
 
THE SHEPARDSON FAMILY 221 
 
 was a farmer and also owned a sawmill and was engaged 
 in the lumber business more or less. He had six children, 
 four boys and two girls, all of whom are dead with the excep- 
 tion of one son, Andrew Shepardson, who lives in Warwick. 
 
 Rev. John Shepardson, fifth son of Daniel*^ and Prudence 
 Shepardson, was born in Royalston, April 12, 1820. He was 
 baptized at West Royalston by Rev. Thomas Marshall in 
 1831, ordained as a Baptist minister at New Salem and 
 Prescott in June, 1842, served that church as pastor from 
 1842 to 1849, the church at Petersham, 1849 to 1872, Wales, 
 1872 to 1876, Greenfield, 1876 to 1878, supphed at Norton, 
 1887 to 1889, and died at Taunton, Dec. 14, 1889. 
 
 Of his early days he wrote as follows: "My parents were 
 of the Puritanic type fully believing that Sunday was the 
 Lord's Day, and that it was their duty to worship God in his 
 sanctuary on that day, and although being five miles from 
 church, all must go. As their family was large, consisting of 
 six sons and four daughters, some must necessarily walk, but 
 none were excused from going." 
 
 He commenced to teach when 13 years old, his first school 
 consisting of 40 scholars, several of whom were over 21 years 
 of age, yet he held it under strict discipline, and carried it 
 through with marked success. The pay was $14 a month, 
 and board round. As teacher his work was important, and 
 continued at intervals for 38 years. He managed the Oread 
 Institute at Worcester, from 1864 to 1866 and saved it from 
 threatened collapse; founded the Highland Institute in Peter- 
 sham, a school of high grade, which he managed in addition 
 to his church work from 1866 to 1872. As a preacher he had 
 unusual gifts; as a pastor he was assiduous in labor, wise in 
 counsel, tender and sympathetic in feeUng, and all his pastorates 
 were eminently successful. 
 
 He was married in June, 1842 to Miss Maria A. Chamber- 
 lain of New Salem, the wedding taking place on the morning 
 of his ordination. She was a most estimable lady, who, to the 
 highest qualities of the wife and the mother, added rare tact 
 and ability as a helper in pastoral work. They had two 
 children: Adehza F., born Aug. 16, 1844 and Ella S., born 
 June 29, 1847. The former married Willard T. Leonard, A. M., 
 March 18, 1863. They have three children: Florence E., 
 Annie M. (Mrs Ernest Baldwin) and Mabel L. 
 
222 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 Ella S. Shepardso7i married Rev. Francis E. Tower of 
 Petersham, Nov. 30, 1868. They have three children: Ralph 
 W., Maude H. (Mrs. J. H. Peck) and Ethel E. Mr. Tower 
 is pastor of a Baptist church in Albany, N. Y. Mrs. John 
 Shepardson died Aug. 4, 1873, and he was married, second, 
 Aug. 18, 1874. 
 
 Eri Shepardson, youngest child of Daniel and Prudence 
 (Cook) Shepardson, was born in Royalston, Sept. 10, 1821. 
 He remained on the old homestead and was engaged in farm- 
 ing and lumbering. He was a prominent member of the 
 Baptist church at West Royalston, and was trustee of the 
 Bullock fund for that church. He was treasurer of Star 
 Lodge of Masons of Athol for twenty-five years in succession. 
 He married Elvira S. Bemis, Jan. 5, 1843. They had six 
 children: John, Daniel, Edmund C, Susan Steele, Luke B. 
 and Delia M. 
 
 John, born Dec. 27, 1843, enlisted in the Civil War in 
 the Thirty-sixth Mass. Regiment, and was killed in action June 
 17, 1864. 
 
 Daniel Shepardson, son of Eri and Elvira (Bemis) Shepard- 
 son, was born Oct. 29, 1844. His education was received in 
 the Royalston schools and at Highland Institute, Petersham, 
 and Worcester Academy, Worcester, Mass. He did not 
 graduate from either of these institutions, but chd graduate 
 from Newton Theological Institute. He preached for seven 
 years in Hancock, Mass., and then for a number of years in 
 towns in New York State. He married Emma Wylie of 
 Hancock, Mass., in June, 1876, and died in that town Dec. 
 17, 1908. 
 
 Edmund C. Shepardson, third son of Eri and Elvira 
 (Bemis) Shepardson, was born at Royalston, Dec. 2, 1847. 
 His education was received at the district school in Royalston. 
 He was named Cincinattus, but not liking that name, Feb. 1, 
 1870, he had his name changed to Edmund C. Shepardson. 
 When twenty-one years of age he went to Orange to work in 
 the New Home Sewing Machine shops. He went to Athol in 
 1882, and went to work in the machine shop of C. F. Rich- 
 ardson, where L. S. Starrett was then having his tools made, 
 and when Mr. Starrett opened a shop of his own Mr. Shepard- 
 son went with him, and was employed there until his death. 
 For many years he was superintendent of the plant, but 
 
THE SHEPARDSON FAMILY 223 
 
 during the later years of his Hfe was an inspector. He was 
 actively interested in politics and was for a number of years 
 chairman of the Republican town committee. He served with 
 credit in the Massachusetts Legislature for the years of 1902 
 and 1903. He was a prominent member of the Masonic 
 fraternity, being a member of Star Lodge, Union Royal Arch 
 Chapter and Athol Commandery, Knights Templar, of which 
 he was Eminent Commander, and was Master of Star Lodge. 
 He was also a member of the Odd Fellows, serving as Noble 
 Grand of Tully Lodge, and was a charter member of Banner 
 Rebekah Lodge. He was married Jan. 3, 1874 to Emma 
 Louise Turner, daughter of John and Elmira (Emery) Turner 
 of Orange. He died Oct. 30, 1910 and was buried in Orange 
 
 Susan Steele Shepardson, oldest daughter of Eri and Elvira 
 Shepardson, was born Nov. 15, 1849. She was a well-known 
 school-teacher for several years, and married Luther E. 
 Stewart April 10, 1878, by whom she had three children. Mr. 
 Stewart died in September, 1914, and Mrs. Stewart resides in 
 Royalston. 
 
 Luke B. Shepardson, youngest son of Eri and Elvira 
 Shepardson, was born Sept. 9, 1851, of whom a sketch appears 
 in the chapter on Town Government. 
 
 Delia M. Shepa)-dson, youngest child of Eri and Elvira 
 Shepardson, was born July 3, 1853. She married A. B. Wood 
 in Royalston, Nov. 6, 1872, by whom she had three children, 
 one having been born in Royalston and two in Putney, Vt. 
 She was married, second, in Royalston, July 2, 1891, to George 
 W. Smith, by whom she had one child, born in East Long- 
 meadow. 
 
 THE NICHOLS FAMILY ^ 
 
 The Royalston Memorial says, "Henry, Isaac and William 
 Nichols from Sutton, had early settlements in town." Henry, 
 who was known as "Landlord Nichols," took up the farm 
 formerly known as the C. H. Maxam farm and later owned 
 by Deacon Henry Wood, where he kept a public house. Hav- 
 ing lost his wife in 1781, he married Aug. 8, 1782, Mrs. 
 Mehitable Gale, widow of Isaac Gale, and subsequently 
 settling his son Henry on the home place, removed to the 
 
224 HISTORY OF ROY ALSTON 
 
 "Mill lot" £nd carried on the mills, near the "falls." He 
 settled his son Elijah on this place. 
 
 Elijah Nichols was born July 2o, 1770, at Oxford. He 
 built a house north of the falls at the corner of the roads, 
 and afterwards built upon the Common north of the Lee 
 place, where he died in 1856 at the age of 83 years. He 
 married Mrs. Asenath Fairbanks of Royalston, Oct. 16, 1827. 
 Their children were: John Hubbard Church and Joseph 
 Town. John H. C. Nichols was born Aug. 22, 1828, and was 
 killed by lightning when he was sixteen years old. 
 
 Joseph Towne Nichols, son of Elijah and Asenath (Fair- 
 banks) Nichols, was born in Royalston, Feb. 8, 1832. He 
 married April 7, 1858, Martha G. Turner, daughter of 
 Leonard and Mary P. Turner of Phillipston. They were married 
 by Rev. E. W. Bullard in the Nichols homestead on Royal- 
 ston Common, now the home of Dr. Frank W. Adams, and 
 directly across the street from the residence which was the 
 home of Mr. and Mrs. Nichols until his death. 
 
 In 1908 they celebrated their fiftieth wedding anniversary, 
 and this occasion was one of the most enjoyable social events 
 in the history of Royalston. In 1861 Mr. Nichols enlisted in 
 Co. I, 25th Mass. Regiment Volunteers, where he served 
 three years; he was then transferred to Co. A, 55th Infantry. 
 At the close of the war, he was a first lieutenant and had a 
 fine record as a brave soldier, serving his country with 
 exemplary fidelity and great coursge. After the war, he 
 learned the undertaking business in Fitchburg, and was the 
 Royalston undertaker until he retired from active business a 
 few years ago. During his residence in Royalston, he has 
 filled every town office. He was Chairman of the Selectmen 
 for nine years (during which time the town enjoyed a low 
 tax rate and great prosperity); he filled every office with 
 ability and good judgment. 
 
 Mr. and Mrs. Nichols had five children, one of whom, 
 Jessie Wilder Nichols, died while her father was at the front 
 serving his country, and the other four are now living. 
 Leonard is Shipping Commissioner for the Port of Providence, 
 R. I., and Frederic C, Treasurer of the Fitchburg Savings 
 Bank. Sketches of them appear in another chapter. Mary 
 Louise is wife of S. Weston Wheeler of New York, and they 
 
MR. AND MRS. JOSEPH T. NICHOLS 
 
THE 3^ICHOLS FATVIILT 225 
 
 Slave two children, Sidney W. and Ruth; Agnes is wife of 
 'Cornelius Quinlan of Athol; they liave one daughter, Marjorie. 
 
 Isaac -Nichols, one of tlie first settlers, settled south of his 
 lirother Henry on the place long known as the Francis Chase 
 place. He organized with the Congregational Church in 1766) 
 ■was chosen deacon in 1781; and removed to Croydon, N. H,) 
 -about 1790. His son Isaac is one of those who are claimed 
 as the jirsl-horn of Royalston, The names of nine children of 
 Isaac and Dorcas Nichols appear on the records, of whom 
 six give the dates of baptism only. Ammi Nichols, son of 
 Deacon Isaa-c Nichols wa« bom in Royalston, Aug. 10, 178L 
 Although he was graduated at no college he obtained a good 
 •education, passed through a regular course of theological 
 study under the instmction of Rev. Asa Burton, D.D., of 
 Thetford, Vt., and was in the ministry for more than sixty 
 years. He was one of the vice-presidents at the Centennial 
 •celebration. The Deacon Nichols' place, after his removal from 
 town was owned a few years by David, son of '* Landlord Nichols," 
 and was then sold to Abraham Eddy. 
 
 Willmm Nichols, the third of the first Nichols settlers, 
 bought the place settled by Bezaleal Barton, and carried on 
 both the farm and the mill on the Lawrence, west of his 
 home. He went by the name of *' Miller Nichols." When 
 customers needed him at the mill they rang a bell suspended 
 upon the premises, the signal for "Miller Nichols" to leave 
 his farm duties, and attend to the callers under the hill. 
 
 THE ESTABROOKS 
 
 One of the most prominent families of Royalston for 
 nearly three-quarters of a century was the Estabrook family. 
 
 Joseph Estabrook, the first of the family connected with 
 Royalston history was born in Holden, Mass., Aug. 1, 1770. 
 He probably came to Royalston in the closing years of the 
 eighteenth century and was for many years a prominent 
 merchant and dealer in cattle. He was Royalston's first post- 
 master, was Town Clerk in 1804, '05, '08, '09 and 1810, Selec- 
 man seven years, between 1803 and 1816, and Representative 
 to the General Court for eight years, between 1809 and 1825, 
 and State Senator in 1828. In his later years he became a 
 
226 HISTORY OF ROY ALSTON 
 
 noted grazier and cattle dealer, having hundreds of oxen and 
 other cattle feeding in the pastures of Royalston and sur- 
 rounding towns. One of his pastures in the west part of the 
 town was sold for $3600, and it was said that the herd's 
 grass was so high in this pasture that you could not see the 
 oxen feeding there. It was said that at one time Joseph 
 Estabrook of Royalston and Samuel Sweetzer of Athol con- 
 trolled the Brighton market. 
 
 Governor Bullock in his Centennial Address described him 
 as "Esquire Joseph Estabrook, our first postmaster, our first 
 gentleman, our first Senator, to my perceptions blending the 
 old and new school of manners, who Ijegan as a trader and 
 adopted in later years the pleasant vocation of a grazier, 
 having, a genius for noble cattle as quick and intuitive as 
 Daniel Webster ever possessed, whose blood, whether remain- 
 ing here or transfused in honorable connections in other 
 places, honors the parent stock." He died 1829. 
 
 He was married three times. First to Polly Holman of 
 Sterling, May 3, 1801, second to Ruth Greenwood, June 17, 
 1810 and third to Mrs. Hannah Reed, Oct. -28, 1818. His 
 children were: Mary, born 1807, Joseph, born April 16, 1811 
 and Maria, born April 29, 1813. Ruth, his second wife, died 
 Sept. 16, 1814 in her 38th year. 
 
 Joseph Estabrook, son of Joseph and Ruth (Greenwood) 
 Estabrook, born April 16, 1811, was also a merchant in 
 Royalston and manufactured palm leaf hats. He went to 
 Worcester, where he was in mercantile business for a Avhile 
 with George C. Richardson, after which he returned to 
 Royalston, which was his home until his death in 1882. He 
 was Town Treasurer in 1840, Assessor in 1840 and 1841 and 
 Representative to the General Court in 1857. He married 
 Harriet M. Mirick of Princeton, Mass., Feb. 24, 1840. 
 
 They had four children all born in Royalston: Harriet, 
 born in 1842 and died in 1860; Joseph P., born in 1846, married 
 Harriet E. Hej^wood, September, 1880, and is now living in 
 Cambridge; Maria C, born 1848 and died in 1863; and Elizabeth 
 C, born in 1867, and now living in Arlington, Mass. 
 
 Mary H. Estabrook, daughter of Hon. Joseph and Polly 
 (Holman) Estabrook, was born in Royalston in 1807. She 
 married Hon. Isaac Davis of Worcester in 1829. He was one 
 of the most distinguished members of the Worcester County 
 
V 
 
 / ■' '^' r., ' . ■ 
 
 '■' y "s' ■* 
 
 THE ESTABROOK'JFASrXLY • 227 
 
 '■■'j '/" > 
 
 Bar, was twice elected to the State S:enate, was a member of 
 the Governor's Council, three times'^ Mayor of Worcester, 
 three times the Democratic candidate for Governor of Massa- 
 chusetts, and was offered by President Pierce the position of 
 Assistant Treasurer of the United States. They had ten 
 children, four sons and six daughters. One of the sons, 
 Edward Livingston Davis, was Mayor of Worcester in 1874. 
 Mrs. Davis died in 1875 and Isaac Davis in 1883. 
 •., Maria Estabrook, daughter of Hon. Joseph and Ruth 
 (Greenwood) Estalnook, born in Royalston, April 29, 1813, 
 married Edwin Conant, a prominent citizen of Worcester, 
 in October, 1833. They had two daughters. 
 
 THE GALE FAMILY 
 
 Richard Gale, the ancestor of the Gale family in the United 
 States, first appears, as the purchaser of a homestead of six 
 acres in W^atertown, Mass., in 1640, it being part of a lot of 
 nine acres in the town plot granted to Elder Richard Browne. 
 
 In describing the characteristics of the family, the "Gale 
 Family Records" say: ''as a race, the Gales have been more 
 distinguished for their athletic powers than for the culture 
 of their minds, but the late generations are fast changing in 
 this particular, and the learned professions have a fair propor- 
 tion of the present generation. They have ever been reason- 
 ably jealous of their rights, but strong friends to a well-ordered 
 government; and in our Revolutionary struggle, they were a 
 unit in taking up arms and marching to the fields of strife, from 
 which several of them never returned alive. They were nearly 
 as unanimous in the support of the war of 1812." 
 
 Captain Isaac Gale of Sutton of the fourth generation 
 from Richard Gale, the first settler, married about 1731, 
 Judith Sawyer of Framingham, to which place he removed, 
 where his first child, Isaac, was born in 1732, and the follow- 
 ing year he removed to that part of Sutton afterwards set 
 into a new town called Millbury, where he spent a long and 
 useful life and died about October, 1793. The muster rolls 
 of the old "French and Indian War," shows that as lieuten- 
 ant he made a campaign in August, 1757, for the relief of 
 Fort William Henry, but when they reached Sheffield, the 
 
228 HISTORY OF ROTALSTON" 
 
 news reached them of the surrender of that fort on the' 9th\ 
 of August, when they were ordered back. Lieut. Isaac Gale- 
 held his post in the military company of Sutton, mitil March 
 1,1763, when he was appointed by the Governor of Massa- 
 chusetts,, captain of the same company, which office he held 
 with honor until he i-esigned in September, 1769, In those 
 days of French wars and Indian i-aids the cai^tain of the: 
 miU'tia was regarded as the most important office in town. 
 
 He gave his sword to his son Isaac, with instructions, a» 
 tmdition says, to have it preserved by his descendants of 
 that name; and in 1864 it was in the hands of Isaac Gale of 
 Royalston, who pi-esented it to Galesville University, Wis., 
 for preservation as a family relic; his son,. Isaac, who wouldl 
 have been entitled to the sword having died in 1854. 
 
 Imac Gale Jr., son of Capt. Isaac Gale of Sutton was. 
 
 born ; he married Mehitable Dwinel,. or Duvel,. 
 
 of Sutton. He removed to Royalston about L770 and 
 settled near Doane's Falls,. having a grist and 
 sawmill on the site of what was formerly the Sullivan 
 Raymond sawmill and pail shop. He was the ancestor of 
 the numerous Gale families of Royalston. 
 
 He served as a sergeant in the campaign of 1776 in the 
 Northern Army at Ticonderoga under Col. Samuel Brewer. 
 He was called a "Miller" and was the owner, when he died 
 intestate of a saw and gi-ist mill in Royalston and a farm of 
 nearly 200 acres. The return of the appraisers on his estate 
 dated Aug. 28, 1779, valued the whole estate at ^11, 662, 13s. 
 4d., Peter, the oldest son, receiving according to the law 
 then in force a double share and the widow one-third of the 
 whole. Owing to the disturbed condition of the cuiTency at 
 that time "hard money" value was placed at ^2, 709,29s. 12d. 
 
 He left a large family, of whom Isaac Gale, a son, was a 
 prominent citizen of Royalston until his death Jan. 12, 1826, 
 Jonathan Gale, another son, married May 11, 1776, Rhoda 
 Baker for his first wife and Susanna Matthews for his second. 
 He entered the 3d Regiment as a volunteer from Royalston 
 in Revolutionary service, and received from the town a bounty 
 of S50. His son, Isaac Gale 2d, was born Feb. 23, 1787, 
 married Tamar Goddard and served in the war of 1812, as 
 Sergeant and Clerk of the Company with headquarters at 
 Boston. They had ten children, of whom Samuel C. Gale, 
 
HARLOW A. GALE 
 
 SAMUEL C. GALE 
 
THE GALE FAMILY 229 
 
 Rev. Amory Gale and Harlow A. Gale removed in early life 
 to Minneapolis, where they were prominent factors in the 
 business, political and religious life of that city and the State 
 of Minnesota. 
 
 Samuel Chester Gale, son of Isaac and Tamar (Goddard) 
 Gale was born at Royalston, Sept. 15, 1827. His father died, 
 when Samuel was eleven years of age, leaving a family of ten 
 children, and the young boy was apprenticed to an uncle 
 (Salmon Goddard) of West Royalston as a tanner. His 
 desire for an education was so keen, however, that at 17 
 he began to prepare for college. He entered New Salem 
 Academy as a student in 1845, and in an address delivered 
 before the Alumni of New Salem Academy in 1885 he refers 
 to that event as follows: "Just forty years ago a boy of 
 seventeen, came out for the first tim3 from the hills of Royal- 
 ston — peace and honor attend that ancient town — I came a 
 student to New Salem Academy. What a memorable under- 
 taking that was. The sun never broke upon such a day 
 before. I made the journey on foot behind a neighbor's 
 wagon wherein was stored my box of valuables. The 
 procession was not an imposing one, but in my imagination 
 that wagon, that box and I. on that momentous errand, was 
 the King and his retinue with chariot and banners." After a 
 hard struggle he was able to enter Yale College in 1850, 
 graduating four years later, a member of the Phi Beta Kappa, 
 and chosen class orator at graduation in a class of 100 mem- 
 bers. He spent one year in Harvard Law School and then 
 read law with a firm in Worcester. In 1857 he went to 
 Minneapolis, where he continued his law studies in the office 
 of Cornell & Vanderburgh, and was admitted to practice 
 in 1858. The practice of law not being in much demand 
 there in those days, he opened a real estate and loan office 
 in 1860 in partnership with his brother, Harlow; this rapidly 
 grew into a most prosperous business, adding much to the 
 development of the growing young city. He has been an 
 active participant all his life in almost every movement 
 looking toward the improvement of the city materially, 
 intellectually and morally. 
 
 He was for some time the president of the Minneapolis 
 Anthenseum which was founded in 1860; he was one of the 
 original promoters of the public library, and long a member 
 
230 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 of the board; he was on the Board of Education from 1871 
 to 1880. He was an alderman and president of the City 
 Council at one time and president of the Minneapolis Exposi- 
 tion. Was also actively connected with the Academy of 
 Natural Sciences, the Minneapolis Society of Fine Arts, the 
 Board of Trade, and virtually every organized effort toward 
 the improvement and up-building of the city in its earlier 
 days. Keligiously, he has been identified with the Unitarian 
 Church, and was the chief contributor in the cost of the 
 church edifice. He was married in 1861, to Miss Susan A. 
 Damon, daughter of Col. Samuel Damon of Holden, Mass. 
 She was born in Holden, May 7, 1833. Mr. and Mrs. Gale 
 presented in 1887 to the town of Holden, the Damon Memo- 
 rial Library and public school building; the cost of the gift 
 exceeded $45,000, and in addition to the building Mr. Gale 
 added $3000 for books. He also gave about the same time 
 the Baptist parsonage and grounds in the west part of 
 Royalston. The children of Samuel C. and Susan (Damon) Gale 
 are Edward C. and Charles S., Mrs. David P. Jones, Mrs. 
 Clarkson Lindley and Miss Marion Gale, all of Minneapolis. 
 
 Rev. Amory Gale, second son of Isaac and Tamar 
 (Goddard) Gale, was born in the west part of Royalston, 
 Aug. 21, 1815. His early days were spent in work on the 
 farm, where under the benign influences of the Christian 
 home, guided and molded by the sweet, cheerful spirit of a 
 pious mother, he laid the foundation for the development of 
 a grand physical, moral and intellectual manhood. At the 
 age of sixteen he was converted, and at nineteen he was 
 batpized into the membership of the First Baptist Church of 
 Worcester, Mass. It was while he was working on the farm 
 that he was led to the conviction that it was his life work to 
 preach the gospel among the heathen. He was graduated 
 from Worcester Academy in 1839, from Brown University in 
 1843 and Newton Theological Seminary in 1846. Except a 
 little help from friends and the Educational Society, he 
 sustained himself through the whole course by teaching and 
 preaching. His first sermon was preached in Worcester, in 
 August 1837. During his last year at Newton he averaged 
 three sermons a week. While at Brown, a part of the time 
 he walked forty miles to Worcester, then went to Royalston 
 to preach, and as the fruit of his labor, a great revival 
 
THK GALE FAMILY , 231 
 
 followed. His first settlement after he graduated .was at 
 Ware, Mass., where he was ordained Nov. 11, 1846. He 
 was married Feb. 10, 1847, to Miss Caroline E. Goddard. 
 
 The first ten years of his ministry were spent in Ware 
 and Lee, Mass. Two churches and houses of worship testified 
 to the efficiency of his work there. In the spring of 1857, he 
 was appointed V^y the Home Missionary Society to visit 
 Hudson, Wis. In June of the same year he accepted a call 
 to the pastorate of the First Baptist Church of Minneapolis, 
 Minn., and remained its pastor for one year. During this 
 year a house of worship was erected and additions were 
 made to the church and society. 
 
 In August, 1859, Mr. Gale organized the Minnesota 
 Baptist State Convention. He was on the first Board of 
 Trustees, one of its incorporators and its General Missionary, 
 laboring jointly for the Convention and the Home Missionary 
 Society for sixteen years. At that time there were no rail- 
 roads, and what roads there were, were very poor, and yet in 
 those sixteen years he traveled over more than 100,000 miles 
 ■ — four times around the globe — • behind his Indian ponies. 
 He crossed rivers and went through mud and rain, at one 
 time fighting the wolves while his ponies ran for miles, 
 until at last, just as both were about exhausted, they reached 
 a settlement in safety. 
 
 Sometimes he slept under his wagon, sometimes in tents 
 on the prairies, or on the floor of the common sleeping room 
 of the cabin where he was staying. He often reached his 
 journey's end, sick and weary, and was obliged on account 
 of asthma, to sit up all night. During these sixteen years of 
 service his work is given as follows: Sermons, 5000; family 
 calls, 16,000; books sold or donated, 25,000 volumes; tracts 
 distributed, 256,000 pages; letters written, 10,720. During all 
 this time we find but one record of vacation, and in that 
 five weeks, he prepared and delivered the centennial address 
 of the Baptist church of his native town. 
 
 The results of his work are found in the impression of his 
 character on the State of Minnesota, which delights to honor 
 him, and in the inspiration to daily life. This is the tribute 
 which keeps fresh his memory in every gathering of state 
 workers. His strongest characteristics were his force of 
 character, his unconquerable persistence, and his unwavering 
 
2J2 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 faith. He never stopped to look at obstacles, but at the work. 
 He was a preacher whom the common people heard gladly. 
 Some one has said it was a sight not soon to be forgotten, 
 when in schoolhouse or cabin, the hardy pioneers with rapt 
 attention and weeping eyes, Hstened as in simple, humble 
 phrase, he told the story of Christ crucified. Throughout 
 the State he was known by the familiar name of "Father 
 Gale." In 1874, on account of poor health, he resigned 
 his position and started on a long anticipated journey to 
 the Old World and the Holy Land. He reached Jerusalem 
 much prostrated, but went on to Joppa; but on the way he 
 suffered sunstroke and died, Nov. 25, 1874, on Thanksgiving 
 Day. He was buried the following day in the German 
 Cemetery at Joppa, overlooking the plains of Sharon. A 
 plain, white, marble headstone bearing a simple inscription 
 marks his grave. 
 
 Harlow A. Gale, youngest son of Isaac and Tamar 
 (Goddard) Gale was born in Royalston, July 29, 1832. When 
 three years old his father died and he was placed in the 
 family of his mother's brother, Rev. Samuel Goddard, of 
 Norwich, Vt., where he remained until 1845, when he re- 
 turned to his mother's home in Royalston. He removed 
 with his mother to Millbury, Mass., where he attended 
 Millbury Academy and also taught in the schools of the town. 
 He was graduated from Union College in 1856, and soon 
 after went to Minneapolis, Minn., and became identified 
 with some of the most important business enterprises of that 
 city. In 1872 he bought and plotted forty acres known 
 as Gale's First Addition, more than half of which he soon after 
 sold at auction in one day, this being the first successful 
 large auction sale of plotted land ever held in the city. 
 Several years later he plotted and put on the market thirty 
 acres embraced in Gale's Second Addition. In 1877 he built 
 the first public market in the city, securing a franchise 
 for fifteen years, and which he personally managed until it 
 was destroyed by fire some years later. He then became 
 interested with T. B. Walker in the erection and operation 
 of a new city market, for which Mr. Gale obtained the 
 franchise, and with which he was connected until the closing 
 months of his life. In 1858 he was appointed Deputy Clerk, 
 and subsequently was elected and served as County AucUtor for 
 
THE GALE FAMILY 2JJ 
 
 three successive terms. He married Elizabeth C. Griggs, 
 daughter of Rev. Leverett Griggs of Bristol, Conn., June 13, 
 1859; four children were born to them: Harlow Stearns, 
 born June 29, 1862, married Mary Elwood Corser. They 
 have one son and two daughters. He has a clerkship con- 
 nected with municipal affairs, and also writes musical notes 
 for the daily papers. 
 
 Isabel Gale, the second child, was born Aug. 28, 1865; 
 she married Tryon, a lawyer, in 1891. They have seven 
 children. Robert Griggs Gale, the second son, was born 
 Oct. 18, 1870. He married Mary Alice Greene of Worcester, 
 Mass., and they have three daughters. He completed five 
 years of musical education at Leipsic, Germany, and is 
 engaged in the writing and teaching of music in Minneapolis. 
 
 William Goddard Gale, the fourth and youngest child, 
 died March 28, 1898 at Cripple Creek, Colo., where he had 
 gone to develop business interests in the mines. 
 
 THE BARTLETT FAMILY 
 
 Nathan Bartlett, the first person by the name of Bartlett 
 to settle in the town of Royalston, was born at Brookfield, 
 Mass., March 17, 1744, and was a son of Nathaniel and 
 Sarah (Thompson) Bartlett, and great-grandson of Joseph 
 Bartlett who settled in Cambridge, Mass. in 1668. He 
 married Esther Childs of Brookfield June 14, 1770. They 
 moved to Royalston in 1792, and purchased from Barzillar 
 Miller of Rutland a farm situated in the southeasterly part 
 of Royalston and containing one hundred and four acres, 
 for which he paid one hundred and eighty-five pounds. 
 
 The farm purchased was bounded as follows: South- 
 easterly on land of Lieut. Silas Foster, Joseph Stockwell and 
 the Grants, easterly on the land of said Joseph Stockwell, 
 northerly on land of David Lyons and Silas Chase and 
 westerly on land of Joseph Stockwell and Silas Foster. 
 
 On May 10, 1799 he purchased from the town of Royal- 
 ston a pew on the lower floor of the East Meetinghouse 
 numbered and marked forty-nine, together with the ground 
 on which it stood with all the privileges belonging to same. 
 The original deed of farm and pew in said East Meeting- 
 
234 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 house are in the posse^•sion of his great-grandson Edward E- 
 Bartlett. Nathan Bartlett and wife were blessed with a 
 family of nine children, eight of whom were born at Brook- 
 field and one at Royalston. 
 
 Their children were: Ira, born March 21, 1771, married 
 Dec. 15, 1799, Sally Bacheller of Boyalston; they had a 
 family of two children; Jonas, born Jan. 2, 1773, married 
 Hannah Bacheller, April 25, 1797, at Royalston; they had a 
 a family of ten children; Esther, born Jan. 3, 1775, married 
 Daniel Nichols, June 17, 1795, at Royalston, no children. 
 Lucy, born May 26, 1778, married Thomas Bacheller Dec. 4, 
 1796, at Royalston; they had a family of seven children; 
 Betsy, born Sept. 30, 1780, married Jacob Fisher of Lancaster, 
 Mass., Jan. 30, 1823, at Royalston; they had one child; 
 Sally, born Oct. 11, 1783, married Frederick Van Patten of 
 Schenectady, N. Y.; they had seven or eight children; Nathan, 
 born Sept. 8, 1786, a twin, married Mary Miller, Nov. 9, 
 1807, at Royalston, and they had a family of eleven children; 
 Naomah, born Sept. 8, 1786, a twin, married Elisha Gregory 
 of Winchendon at Royalston, Dec. 29, 1827; no children; 
 Silas Childs, born at Royalston, Oct. 2, 1793, married Martha 
 Cutler, Feb. 9, 1820, at Royalston, and they had a family of 
 five children. Esther Childs, wife of Nathan Bartlett died at 
 Royalston, Jan. 2, 1809, and he married, second, Mrs. Anna 
 Collins of Fitzwilliam, N. H., Jan. 28, 1813. She died at Royal- 
 ston, Aug. 1, 1817, and Nathan Bartlett died at Royalston, 
 Oct. 25, 1821. 
 
 The children of Jonas and Hannah (Bacheller) Bartlett, 
 all born in Royalston, were: Luke, born May 14, 1798, died 
 Nov. 15, 1819; Hannah, born Nov. 15, 1799, died unmarried 
 April 29, 1838; Rosilla, born Nov. 25, 1801, married Harvey 
 Holman, Dec. 24, 1826; they had four children: Charles A., 
 Charles Augustus, John Harvey and Luke Henry; Lorinda, 
 born Aug. 15, 1803, married Archibald Chase, Oct. 5, 
 1825, and they had a family of five children; Rosilla B., 
 Luke Swain, Ira Pierce, Harvey Holman, and Henry Eddy; 
 Sally, born Aug. 5, 1805, died April 26, 1825; Elmer, bom 
 April 22, 1808, married Elizabeth Morse, daughter of Russell 
 and Elizabeth (Waite) Morse, Aug. 22, 1843, at Boston, and 
 they had two children, Emma G. and Edward E. 
 
JOHN N. BARTLETT 
 
THE BARTLETT FAMILY 235 
 
 OUic, bom Oct. 24, 1809, married Benjamin W. Upham, 
 April 2, 1839, and they had three children: Rosilla M., Lucy 
 Val Netta, and Elmer B.; Lucy, born April 22, 1814, died 
 July 13, 1815; Benjamin B., born April 7, 1816, married 
 Mary Morse, daughter of Russell and Elizabeth (Waite) 
 Morse, June 15, 1843, and they had two children, Cora V. and 
 Hubert C. 
 
 Jonas Bartlett died at Royalston, Sept. 21, 1837. Hannah 
 Bacheller the wife of Jonas Bartlett spent nearly one-third 
 of her hfe a widow and died at Royalston, Oct. 19, 1868, 
 at the advanced age of 90 years, 11 months and 3 days. 
 She lived to see nine of her ten children pass to the other 
 world, and resided in the same house for over fifty-one years. 
 
 John Norton Bartlett, the youngest child of Jonas and 
 Hannah (Bacheller) Bartlett was born at Royalston, July 28, 
 1819, and received his education in the public .schools of 
 Royalston. Soon after attaining the age of twenty-one he 
 purchased from his mother and the other heirs of the family 
 the home farm and turned his attention to farming which he 
 made a success, and at which he accumulated quite a property. 
 About 1870 he gave up farming to a certain extent and turned 
 his attention to Probate work and Conveyancing, in which 
 he had a large practice both in this town and adjoining 
 towns. He also took a great interest in town affairs and 
 held nearly all of the town offices such as Selectman, Assessor, 
 Treasurer and Tax Collector. He was one of the Committee 
 of Ffftcen to make arrangements for celebrating the Hun- 
 dreth Anniversary of the incorporation of Royalston, and was 
 also chosen Secretary of the Historical Committee. 
 
 About 1873 he gave up the home farm and went to live 
 with one of his neighbors, Mr. John W. Stockwell, with 
 whom he remained until 1877 when he moved to South 
 Royalston. He married Mrs. Rosana 0. (Knight) Cross, 
 Jan. 6, 1877. In the spring of 1887 he returned to his 
 former home at Mr. Stockwell's, where he remained until 
 his death in 1905. In the fall of 1894 he was stricken with 
 a paralytic shock which prevented him from taking any 
 active part in business or town affairs; but he never lost his 
 interest in public local affairs, as will be seen by an article 
 that appeared in the Warrant for the Annual Town Meeting, 
 to be held March 6, 1899. 
 
236 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 Article 8. "To see if the Town of Royalston will a?cept 
 a gift from John N. Bartlett on certain conditions or take 
 any action thereon." As Mr. Bartlett's health would not 
 allow him to be present he was represented by his nephew, 
 Edward E. Bartlett, who read the conditions of the gift to 
 the people then assembled, which were as follows: Royalston, 
 Mass., March 6, 1899. To see if the Town of Royalston will 
 accept from John N. Bartlett a gift of $20,000, to be held 
 and applied, as a trust fund, the income of which shall be 
 appropriated and paid over annually for the benefit and 
 support of the poor in said town of Royalston on the follow- 
 ing conditions forever, namely: That every year, a Committee 
 of four or more, of whom One and Only One shall be a member 
 of the Board of Overseers of the Poor, shall be chosen by 
 ballot by the town at a legally called town meeting, and 
 said Committee shall have the charge of investment and 
 oversight of said trust fund, said Overseer of the Poor to be 
 called upon at Any and All Times by the rest of said Com- 
 mittee for information in regard to the Expenditures and 
 Legality of said expenditures for the poor, and said Com- 
 mittee shall report annually in Detail the Investments and 
 condition of the same in Print in the Annual Town Reports 
 over their own signatures and income of the said trust fund. 
 Said income shall be applied to the support of the poor as 
 they are now or may be provided for by law for that purpose; 
 and if at the end of the annual year the income shall exceed 
 the demand for that purpose the surplus of that year, if any, 
 shall be added to the principal to be kept intact to the addi- 
 tion of the principal forever for that purpose. The same to 
 be called the John N. Bartlett Fund, and these requirements 
 and conditions shall be recorded on the Town Records for 
 reference and guidance for the Town and Committee and 
 (Jverseers of the Poor. The investment of said fund shall be 
 made only in United States Securities, or in Bonds of the 
 State of Massachusetts, or Bonds or Notes of Cities or 
 Towns within the State of Massachusetts, or in Savings 
 Banks within the State of Massachusetts, and in no case 
 shall said Trust Fund or Interest thereof or any part thereof 
 be invested in real estate or mortgages on real estate. 
 
THE BARTLETT FAMILY 237 
 
 The said gift of Twenty Thousand Dollars ($20,000) may 
 be made to the Town within the year A. D., One Thousand 
 Eight Hundred and Ninety-nine. 
 
 Provided, however, that if at any time the Town should 
 fail to comply with the requirements of said gift as stated 
 above, or should cease to be a town, or should consolidate 
 or annex to any other town, then this Trust Fund shall 
 revert and be paid over to the donor and if he is not living 
 to his legitimate heirs by right of representation. 
 
 (Witness) Edward E. Bartlett. John N. Bartlett. 
 
 Hubert Carlton Bartlett, son of Benjamin Bacheller and 
 Mary (Morse) Bartlett, was born in Royalston, Feb. 20, 
 1848. His school education was acquired in the schools of 
 Royalston, at the Academy in Westminster, Mass., and 
 Appleton Academy, New Ipswich, N. H. His business 
 career began in 1868, when he purchased the general store in 
 the annex to the former parsonage and tavern building at the 
 head of Royalston Common; he continued in the business of 
 a general country store at this stand for four or five years. 
 During the latter years of that time he published the only 
 periodical ever issued from Royalston, probably, called 
 The United States. It was issued monthly at first, and 
 later weekly, and was semi-local in character, in spite of its 
 national name. It was printed at Keene, N. H., and in 1873, 
 he removed to that place, learned the ''art preservative of 
 arts" at the Cheshire Republican office, and continued the 
 publication of his paper until 1877, when he removed to 
 Fitchburg, Mass. Since that time he has been engaged in the 
 printing and publishing business in Fitchburg, substantially 
 all of the time with the Sentinel office and others, and on 
 his own account for many years. 
 
 Mr. Bartlett was married to Ella M. Samson of Royalston, 
 November 15, 1870. They have had two children : Grace 
 Edith, born in Royalston Sept. 26, 1871 ; and Nelson Herbert, 
 born in Fitchburg, Dec. 14, 1881. 
 
 Societies as such have never had any charm for him, and 
 the only one of consequence of which he has been a member 
 was a fraternal insurance organization, for which he acted as 
 local secretary for some seventeen years. In such matters 
 as politics, he has taken little inte rest until he has found 
 
2JS HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 some principle of great importance at stake, and so he has 
 usually acted with minority parties, which must grow into 
 popularity before they can win. For the last fifteen years 
 or so he has stood with the Socialist party and has been 
 selected by his associates almost as a perennial candidate for 
 one office or another, local or state. In 1904, as Socialist 
 candidate for Treasurer of the Commonwealth and Receiver 
 General, he received 16,679 votes. Through the local and 
 general press, as well as his own publications, he has cham- 
 pioned unpopular causes, and stood for the rights of the 
 people as against corporate monopoly and greed and medical 
 graft. 
 
 Cora rinette, daughter of Benjamin Bacheller and Mary 
 (Morse) Bartlett, was born in Royalston, March 15, 1845. 
 She was for many years a prominent teacher in the schools 
 of Cincinnati, Ohio. She now makes her home in Athol a 
 portion of the time. 
 
 THE DEXTER FAMILY 
 
 James Dexter of Grafton was the ancestor of the Dexter 
 family connected with Royalston history. He was born in 
 1749 and died in 1822, at the age of seventy-three years. He 
 married June 20, 1773, Rebekah Wheeler, who was born in 
 1758 and died in 1817 at the age of fifty-nine years. He 
 came to Royalston and purchased the place that had been 
 settled by one Reuben Putnam. They had eleven children, 
 most of whom died young. 
 
 Ebenezer Wheeler Dexter, fourth son of James and Rebekah 
 (Wheeler) Dexter was born March 24, 1780. He purchased 
 the place in the south part of the town on the TuUy where 
 one of the early sawmills of the town had been built. He 
 rebuilt the sawmill and in 1844 erected a fine residence, in 
 Colonial style, one of the best in Royalston, and which was his 
 home until his death May 14, 1860, at the age of eighty 
 years. He was a prosperous farmer and mill owner. 
 
 He married Rachel Rich, Aug. 6, 1805, who was born 
 July 12, 1781 and died April 23, 1816. Their four children 
 were: Mina, born Dec. 1, 1806, married Salmon Burbank, 
 Nov. 17, 1828; they had two children, Martha and Andrew; 
 
MR. AND MRS. EBENEZER WHEELER DEXTER 
 
THE DEXTER FAMILY 239 
 
 Eliza, born Nov. 1, 1807, married Asa F. Brooks June 12, 
 1832; they had three chiklren, Daniel, Augusta and Gilbert; 
 Albert, born Jan 23, 1809, married and settled in California; 
 they had four sons, names unknown; Simeon, born Dec. 17, 
 1810, married Mary Piper, Oct. 9, 1837; they had one son, 
 name unknown. 
 
 Ebenezer Wheeler Dexter married, second, Cynthia Walker, 
 daughter of Moses Walker, Sept. 23, 1817. She was born 
 Dec. 19, 1799 and died May 5, 1869, at the age of seventy 
 years. They had seven children. John, born Feb. 16, 1819, 
 died in the early sixties, of yellow fever in Havana, Cuba. 
 He married and had three sons, James Eugene, and one who 
 died when quite young; the second son, born June 10, 1822, 
 lived but a few weeks and died unnamed; James, born July 4, 
 1823, lived at home, assisting on the farm and at the mill; 
 he died Nov. 4, 1844, at the age of twenty-one. Rachel 
 Dexter, oldest daughter of E. Wheeler and Cynthia (Walker) 
 Dexter, was born in Royalston, Sept. 14, 1827. She was 
 married April 4, 1847 to James M. Lee of Athol. They had 
 two children, Warren Dexter and Mabel. 
 
 Warren Dexter Lee, born April 27, 1849, married Etta J. 
 Frost of Athol, Dec. 14, 1875. They had one daughter, 
 Blanche, born Aug. 8, 1878, who died Sept. 4, 1880. They 
 reside in Athol; Mabel Lee, born March 27, 1860, married George 
 S. Brewer of Athol, Dec. 10, 1890. They have one daughter, 
 Helen, born Oct. 4, 1891; she married Carl S. Carlson, March 
 25, 1914, and they have a daughter Phyllis Lee, born Sept. 29, 
 1915. Four generations of this family are living in one home 
 in Athol; Rachel Lee, Mabel her daughter, Helen the grand- 
 daughter and Phyllis the great granddaughter. 
 
 Almeda Dexter Bryant, the second daughter of Ebenezer 
 Wheeler and Cynthia (Walker) Dexter was born in Royalston, 
 Jan. 2, 1830. She was educated in the schools of her native 
 town and lived there most of the time until her marriage to 
 Calvin Turner Bryant of Winchendon, Oct. 9, 1860. In 1861 
 they built the home on Pleasant St., where Mrs. Bryant now 
 resides with her daughter, her husband having died July 14, 
 1906. The forty-six years of her married life were spent 
 in Winchendon, where Mr. Bryant was engaged in the grocery 
 business. They had two children. Flora Almeda, the elder 
 of their two children, was born Nov. 21, 1861. She received 
 
240 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 her education in the Winchendon schools and the Worcester 
 Normal School. She taught in the public schools of her 
 native town for twenty-five years, resigning in 1907 to 
 assume the care of her mother. ^Ya\do Calvin, the second 
 child, was born Dec. 17, 1863. He attended the town schools, 
 Gushing Academy, Ashburnham, Mass., and the Worcester 
 Polytechnic Institute. After his graduation from the latter 
 institution in 1884, he commenced his business career as an 
 electrical engineer. In 1888, having invented the Bryant 
 Push and Pull Switch, he went to Bridgeport, Conn., and 
 began to manufacture electric light supplies under the name 
 of the Bryant Electric Company. Mr. Bryant is now presi- 
 dent, treasurer, director and general manager of this Company, 
 which has a capitalization of $2,500,000. He is also president, 
 treasurer, director and general manager of the Perkins Elec- 
 tric Switch Mfg. Co., vice-president, secretary and director 
 of the Siemon Hard Rubber Corporation; director, Bridgeport 
 Hydraulic Company, Bridgeport Brass Co., Bead Chain 
 Manufacturing Co., First Bridgeport National Bank; trustee 
 Peoples' Savings Bank; director Bridgeport Trust Co., Bridge- 
 port Hospital and Bridgeport Boys' Club. April 5, 1887, he 
 married Ida Gerald of New London, Conn. They have two 
 children. Waldo Gerald, born July 30, 1891, is a graduate 
 of Lakeville, Conn., Preparatory School and Sheffield Scientific 
 School of Yale University. He is now president and treasurer 
 of the Bead Chain Mfg. Co. Their daughter Doris was born 
 March 26, 1902. 
 
 Moses Walker Dexter, son of Ebenezer Wheeler and 
 Cynthia (Walker) Dexter, was born at Royalston, March 3, 
 1833. In early manhood, he was associated with his brother 
 John Dexter in business in New York City. In 1866, he engaged 
 in the tea business, and became a wholesale tea merchant, 
 in 1877, continuing in that business until his death, which 
 occured in Philadelphia, Pa., Oct. 16, 1909. 
 
 He was married in 1862 to Miss Ellen Eliza Rawson of 
 East Alstead, N. H. Five children were born to them: the 
 eldest Blanche Elizabeth, who married Mr. J. W. C. Campbell 
 of the firm of Tilge & Co., Hatters Fur Exchange, New 
 York City. Their children were John Russell and Ralph 
 McKenzie. 
 
MOSES WALKER DEXTER 
 
 BELA DEXTER 
 
 RACHEL (DEXTEKl LEE 
 
 ALMEDA (DEXTER) BRYANT 
 
THE DEXTER FAMILY 241 
 
 Henry L., a practicing physician of marked abilitj^ who 
 married Miss Harriet Grace, M. D.,of Bayonne, N. J., where 
 they still reside. They hav^e one child, Henry Irving, Elle7i 
 Raivson married Mr. William H. Wanamaker, Jr., a clothing 
 merchant of Philadelphia, and they res'de at Merion, Pa. Five 
 children were born to them, Eleanor, Isabel, Louise, William 
 and Alma. 
 
 Alma Edith, married Mr. Ralph S. Goldsbury of Brooklyn, 
 N. Y. She died Oct. 26 1899. Russell Eugene, married Miss 
 Mary lyawrence Smith of Amherst, Mass, He is a graduate of 
 Princeton University and is now connected with the Midvale 
 Steel Co., of Philadelphia, Pa. They have one child, Doris, 
 and reside in Detroit, Mich. 
 
 Bela Dexter, son of Ebenezer Wheeler and Cynthia 
 (Walker) Dexter, was born at Royalston, Sept. 1, 1835. He 
 lived in Athol for a few years and removed to Ludlow, Vt., in 
 1870, and from there to East Dorset, Vt., two years later. 
 Afterwards removed to Rutland, Vt., which place has since 
 been his home. He has represented the town in the Legisla- 
 ture, been a Daputv Sheriff and Justice of the Peace. He was 
 married Nov. 26, 1859 to Hannah Augusta Wheeler of Athol, 
 Nine children were born to them : Jennie Margaret, born July 
 26, 1863 at Athol ; Herbert Bela, born Nov, 11, 1865, at Athol ; 
 he is employed in the Boston & Maine Railroad offices in 
 Boston ; Everett Wheeler, born May 1, 1866 at Athol; he is an 
 electrician in Denver, Col.; Bertha Augusta, born Nov, 8, 1869 
 at Athol, died May 5, 1893; Alice Louise, born Nov. 25, 1871, 
 at Ludlow, Vt.; her education was received at the Rutland 
 High School and Worcester Academy, and she was appointed 
 Register and Associate Judge of the Rutland Probate Court, 
 Dec. 1, 1908; Grace E., born Sept. 10, 1873 at East Dorset, Vt; 
 Ernest A,, born Oct. 28, 1875 at East Dorset, Vt.; he is a con- 
 fectioner in Rutland; Maud E., born Aug. 13, 1877 at East 
 Dorset, Vt., died Feb. 28, 1882; Vesta Etta, born June 5, 1880 
 at East Dorset, married June 8, 1903 to Herbert Milton Davison 
 of Rutland, Vt.; they have two children, Herbert Milton born 
 July 10, 1904 and Elizabeth Augusta, born March 10, 1906. 
 
242 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 THE WHITE FAMILY 
 
 Elisha White, the first member of the White family to be- 
 come a resident of Royalston, was born in Mendon, Mass., 
 March 12, 1753, and died at Royalston, July 8, 1811. He 
 married Maiy Corbett, born in MiLford, July 28, 1755, and died 
 at Royalston, June 17, 1850. He moved with others from Mil- 
 ford about 1775, and settled in Ervings Grant, now the east 
 part of Orange, but soon moved to the southwest part of 
 Royalston. They had 13 children, the youngest of whom was 
 Adriel, born at Royalston, Feb. 22, 1799, and died March 
 17, 1869. He married Olive Davis, daughter of Squire Davis 
 at Royalston, Jan. 22, 1826; they were married by Benoni 
 Peck, Esq. She died at Owosso, Mich., Jan. 6, 1879. 
 
 They settled on a farm in the northwest part of Royalston, 
 near the Richmond line, and had ten children. They were 
 both members of the Baptist Church. He was one of the 
 Selectmen and Assessors for several years. Was one of the 
 fii"st Free Soilers, and prominent in the temperance cause, 
 and raised the first framed building in that section of the coun- 
 try where coffee and doughnuts took the place of new rum. 
 He took great interest in the schools, and gave all his children 
 a term or more at some academy, and they all taught in the 
 district schools. Of the ten children, eight lived to maturity. 
 The children were: Theresa L., Erastus E., Philetus D., Wel- 
 lington, Adriel C, Harlan P., Asaph M., Melzar, Rollin O., 
 OHve T. L. 
 
 1. Theresa L., born Oct. 30, 1826, and died March 26, 
 1847. 
 
 2. Erastus E. White, was bom at Royalston, March 30, 
 1828. He was married in Marlboro, Vt., April 18, 1853, to 
 Annah Mather, who was bom Aug. 3, 1830, and who was a 
 lineal descendant of Cotton Mather. She died at Manhattan, 
 Kansas, Nov. 28, 1888. He married (2) in Rindge, N. H., 
 Mrs. Ann Bennett Cutter; she died in Natick, Mass. 
 
 He settled in Owosso, Mich., in 1856, with his two brothem, 
 Philetus D. and Wellington. The three brothers were as- 
 sociated in the planing mill business, the first of its kind be- 
 tween Detroit and Grand Rapids, nianufactm-ing doors, sashes, 
 blinds, and later, for a number of years furniture and extension 
 tables, etc. He was for eighteen years a member of the School 
 
THE WHITE FAMILY 243 
 
 Board, and with his wife and two brothers, named above, was 
 numbered among the constituent members of the First Bap- 
 tist Church of Owosso. Later he removed to Seattle, Wash- 
 ington and made his home with his daughter, Mrs. Lucy 
 Shelton, where he died March 23, 1910. His remains were 
 sent to Ow^osso and buried beside his first wife. He had two 
 children: Lucy Louise and Henry Kirk. 
 
 Lucy Louise White was born in Owosso, Dec. 6, 1858, and 
 married William Shelton of the same place in 1888. Henry 
 Kirk White was born in Owosso, June 21, 1863, and was married 
 to Ida Belle Durkee of the same place, June 27, 1889. Henry 
 Kirk White took the degree Ph.B. at the University of Michi- 
 gan in 1888. He was superintendent of schools of Fenton, 
 Mich., 1888-90 and editor and publisher of the Owosso Press 
 American since 1890. 
 
 (3) Philetus Davis White was born in Royalston, Oct. 28, 
 1830. He was married in Brattleboro, Vt., April 19, 1855 
 to Mary E. Evans, who died at Brattleboro, November 13, 
 of the same year. 
 
 He married (2) Eliza E. Wheeler at her home in Lee, Mass., 
 Sept. 9, 1863. Two children were born to Philetus D. and Eliza 
 E. White: Mary Gertrude and Harlan Page. 
 
 Mary Gertrude White was born at Owosso, Feb. 23, 1868, 
 and was married to Frank Converse of the same place Sept. 
 1, 1890. They reside at Beloit, Wis., where Mr. Converse has 
 been for several years and still is superintendent of schools. 
 Harlan Page White was born March 29, 1870, and was married 
 to Minnie Daniels at her home in Owosso on Sept. 30, 1898. 
 He has been for several years and still is, mailing clerk at the 
 Owosso Post Office. 
 
 Philetus Davis White died in Owosso, Mich., Dec. 11, 1914. 
 
 (4) Wellington White, was born at Royalston, Aug. 22, 1832, 
 and was married in Worcester, Mass., Sept. 6, 1865 to Lucy 
 Rebecca Pierce, daughter of Capt. Ebenezer Pierce of Royal- 
 ston. He went with his two brothers to Owosso, Mich., in 
 1856. In August, 1861, he enlisted for three years in Co. F, 
 Michigan Volunteers. He was afterwards transferred to a 
 regimental band; served in Kentucky and Tennessee until 
 July 13, 1862, when with six companies of his regiment he 
 was taken prisoner at Murfreesboro, Tenn., by rebel forces 
 under Gen. N. B. Forest, was paroled, and later, was by special 
 
244 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 order from the War Department honorably discharged from 
 the service Aug. 6, 1862. In early life he taught school, and 
 later in life served his church (the First Baptist of Owosso, 
 Mich.) as deacon. He is a member of the G. A. R. Post of his 
 town and chaplain of the same. He was one of the committee 
 of fifteen who had charge of the Royalston centennial celebra- 
 tion of 1865, and was also one of the vice-presidents of the One 
 Hundred and Fiftieth Anniversary in August, 1915, and had 
 a place in the grand parade of that day. 
 
 (5) Adrid C. White was born at Royalston, April 19, 1835. 
 He married Elsie A. Davis of Royalston, daughter of Jarvis 
 Davis, March 12, 1861 at Bellows Falls, Vt. He attended 
 school in District No. 7, and at Brattleboro Academy. Was 
 a successful schoolteacher for several years in Royalston, 
 FitzwilHam and Richmond, N. H., Guilford, Vt., New Jersey 
 and other places. In August, 1862 he enlisted as private in 
 Co. E, 53d Regt. Mass. Volunteers for nine months, was pro- 
 moted to sergeant, and was with the regiment in every march 
 and engagement. Was discharged Sept. 2, 1863. 
 
 In 1869 he moved to Warwick, where he lived twenty years, 
 and held the offices of Selectman, Assessor and Overseer of 
 the Poor. He removed to North Orange in 1896, where he 
 still resides. He is a member of the H. V. Smith Post, G. A. R. 
 of Athol, and a Past Master of North Orange Grange. March 
 11, 1911, Mr. and Mrs. Wliite observed their golden wedding 
 anniversary. For several years he has carried the mail between 
 Athol and North Orange. He has one son, Rollin O. White, 
 born at Royalston Sept. 17, 1868, married Daisy L. Hastings 
 of Warwick, June 3, 1892; they have two children: Kathryn 
 E. White, born July 23, 1896 and Kenneth H. White, born 
 Oct. 8, 1906. Mr. White is one of the leading farmers of North 
 Orange, and is prominent in Grange work, having been Master 
 of the Subordinate and Pomona Granges, and has also been a 
 memljer of the School Committee. 
 
 Harlan P. and Melzar both died in infancy. 
 
 (7) Asaph M. White was born in Royalston Aug. 6, 1840. 
 
 He married Mary Goddard, daughter of Salmon Goddard. 
 
 He received his education at Powers Institute, Bernardston, 
 
 and New Salem Academy; he was a schoolteacher on Cape 
 
 Cod, in Royalston, Richmond and Fitzwilliam, N. H. He was 
 
THE WHITE FAMILY 245 
 
 honored with several town and church offices. Was Selectman 
 and Assessor in Royalston for many years; deacon and Sunday- 
 school teacher in the Royalston and Athol Baptist churches; 
 assisted the Royalston church choir with his voice and bass 
 viol. He owned a farm in Royalston, afterward spending eight 
 years in Athol, where he was employed in a piano shop; also 
 was engaged in the grocery business in Keene, N. H., where 
 he resided three years. He enlisted from Royalston, July 
 21, 1862 in the 36th Mass. Regiment of Volunteers. Was 
 promoted to Corporal, and was discharged at the expiration 
 of his term of enlistment. Was detailed to the Commissary 
 Department, and served for some three months. He had two 
 sons: Walter White, born Feb. 28, 1869, and Ernest White, 
 born April 29, 1870. Both were born in Royalston. He died 
 Sept. 29, 1906. 
 
 (8) Rollin 0. White, born at Royalston, Sept. 17, 1843. 
 He enlisted at the age of seventeen years with his brother 
 Asaph in the 36th Regiment Mass. Volunteers. Was promoted 
 to Corporal; was wounded at Cold Harbor, June 3, 1864, and 
 died of wounds at Washington, D. C, June 25, 1864. 
 
 (10) Olive Theresa Lovina White was born at Royalston, 
 Nov. 9, 1848, and was married at Brattleboro, Vt., Dec. 23, 
 1870 to Robert D. Crawford of Owosso, Mich., who was born 
 at Milford, Mich., Sept. 7, 1844. They soon went to Owosso, 
 Mich., which has since been their home. They have had four 
 children all born in Owosso. 
 
 THE CHARLES W. BOWKER FAMILY 
 
 In the Royalston Memorial, 1865, mention is made of 
 Silas Bowker, who settled near the Priest Brook, in the 
 easterly part of the town. He was born in Westboro, 
 May 29, 1733. He married Bethia Ward, January 17, 1760. 
 Those of their children who settled in Royalston were Stephen 
 Bigelow Bowker, who was born December 25, 1772, on the 
 Bowker farm and died there; and Samuel Ward Bowker, who 
 lived on what is now known as the Hadley place, situated 
 between the farm owned by Lyman Stone and the Clarence Stone 
 place, formerly known as the James Wilson place. Stephen 
 Bigelow Bowker married Submit Grover of Grafton, and they 
 
24.(, HISTORY OF ROY ALSTON 
 
 had two children, Silas and Nathaniel. Silas died at the age 
 of 20 years. Nathaniel Bowker married Philenia Wheeler, of 
 Chesterfield, N. H., and they had four children; Stephen Bigelow 
 Bowker, who was born March 8, 1833, and died in May, 1878; 
 Silas W., who was born June 1, 1835, and died in infancy; 
 Lucia A., who was born May 1, 1838, and died in July, 1890; 
 and Charles Watson Bowker, who was born June 15, 1841. 
 Lucia married Edwin W. Hadley and they had one son, Charles 
 W. Hadley, born July 10, 1862, who married Allie E. Bishop 
 and now lives in Worcester. He is the present proprietor 
 of the Tower House, Falmouth Heights. 
 
 Charles Watson Bowker, son of Nathaniel and Philenia 
 (Wheeler) Bowker, was born in Royalston, June 15, 1841, 
 on the Bowker farm, one and one-half mile-, east of 
 Royalston Center on the Winchendon road. His only 
 school education was obtained at the Old Northeast District 
 School. His father carried on a butchering business in 
 connection with the farm, and was also connected with the 
 lumber business, buying old growth pine timber lots in 
 company with James Wilson and Lyman Stone. The butcher- 
 ing business was carried on very differently at that time from 
 what it is now. As they used no ice at that time and had 
 no electric or gashght, they had to do th3 butchering in the 
 night time on account of the flies, depending for light on oil 
 lamps, tallow candles, and more or less on old tin lanterns 
 that opened at one side. 
 
 When he was twelve years old, his father put him in 
 charge of a meat market in Winchendon in the Amasa Whit- 
 ney block, and he boarded at the American House, kept by 
 a man named Knight. When he was fifteen years old, he 
 used to help his brother Stephen get the cattle home from 
 the pastures in the daytime and then help him to butcher 
 until 10 o'clock at night. He would then go to bed and 
 his mother would call him at 12 o'clock, midnight, for break- 
 fast. His horses would be all hitched up and his cart loaded 
 with meat, and he would start as soon as he got through 
 breakfast for South Orange, fifteen miles distant, by way of 
 Athol. He would get there about 5 o'clock in the morning, 
 cut up the meat and peddle through the village of South 
 Orange and on certain days through North New Salem, 
 New Salem town, West Orange, Wendall and Erving. The 
 
/^ 
 
 c^-p^ 
 
 UOtr-ut-^t^ 
 
THE CHARI.es W. BOWKER FAMILY 247 
 
 cattle were native beef bought from the farmers in Royalston 
 and adjoining towns. He remembers one time when going 
 up Salem Hill by what was called Rattlesnake Hill, that his 
 horse stopped in the road and did not want to go along. 
 He was walking behind his meat cart and when he went ahead 
 to see what the trouble was, he found a rattlesnake in the 
 road, which as it glided into the bushes sounded its character- 
 istic rattle. Every other day he went 1 ack home to Royal- 
 ston, had two hours sleep or e night and six hours the next. 
 They did not have a labor union at that time. His father 
 was sick for a year or two and he went back and lived at 
 home on the farm. Eis father died July 22, 1861, when he 
 was twenty years old. 
 
 Mr. Bowker was married January 1, 1863, to Nancy A. 
 Sibley, daughter of Joel and Rhoda Sibley. He was in the 
 pail and lumber business in New Boston for a few years 
 with his brothers-in-law, William and Joel Sibley. In April, 
 1867, he bought out the grain business of J. A. Robbins 
 of Winchendon, and afterward sold one-half interest to Wood- 
 cock & Sawyer. He then moved to Winchendon, and later 
 Woodcock & Sawyer sold out their one-half interest to C. L. 
 Beals and the business was carried on for six years under 
 the firm name of Beals & Bowker. At that time he had 
 two children, John B. Bowker, who was born in Royalston, 
 March 12, 1865, and who for the past ten years has been 
 business manager of the Worcester Telegram, and Charles 
 Alfred Bowker, who was born in Royalston, February 24, 
 1867, and who died at the age of six years. John B. Bowker 
 was secretary of the Worcester Agricultural Society for 
 several years and City Auditor of Worcester for seven years 
 l)efore entering his present position. 
 
 In 1870 Mr. Bowker's first wife died; and he was married 
 September 12, 1871, to Susan Baker Upham. In 1873 he 
 sold out his interest in the grain business, moved to Worcester 
 and went into the produce business. He then began 
 buying real estate, and at the present time has sixty-nine 
 apartments besides a business block at Washington Square 
 and one on Central Street, where he and his two sons, George 
 Arthur and C. W. Bowker, Jr., carry on a grain business 
 under the name of C. W. Bowker & Company, Inc. 
 
24-8 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 There were four children born of his second marriage: 
 Harrison Winthrop, George Arthur, Lena May and Charles 
 Watson, Jr. Harrison Winthrop Bowker was born in Worcester 
 June 10, 1877, was graduated from Harvard College in June, 
 1901; and after attending the Harvard Law School was admitted 
 to the Massachusetts bar and began the practice of law in 
 Worcester in 1904. George Arthur Bowker was born in 
 Worcester, June 4, 1881, and completed his studies at the 
 Worcester Polytechnic Institute. He was married on July 31, 
 1913, to Grace M. Oakes of Worcester. Lena May Bowker was 
 born in Royalston, July 24, 1885. She was graduated in 1908 
 from Mt. Holyoke College, where she gained the honor of Phi 
 Beta Kappa. Charles Watson Bowker, Jr., was born in Royal- 
 ston, Sept. 11, 1888, and was graduated from Dartmouth 
 College in 1911. He was married September 12, 1914, to 
 Dorothy White of Yonkers, N. Y. The latter two children were 
 born on Beryl Hill farm in the northeast part of the town, where 
 Mr. Bowker' s family spent their summers during the years he 
 owned the farm, 1885-1895. Here Mr. Bowker bred thorough- 
 bred Guernsey cattle, and when he left, closed out his entire herd 
 to Ex- Vice-President Morton of Rhinecliff, N. Y. 
 
 THE RICHARDSON FAMILY 
 
 According to the historian of the Richardson family, 
 Stephen Richardson was a descendant in direct line from 
 the family of that name who came from the south of England 
 with "Winthrop's fleet" in 1630. Before that date no one 
 of that name had been found here on the shores of the New 
 World. The family is without doubt of Norman origin, as 
 soon after the Norman Conquest one — William Belward — 
 had two sons, the younger from his small size named 
 "Richard the Little." The son of the last named being a 
 favorite name with the Normans, was called John Richard- 
 Son, taking his father's name with the addition of son for his 
 surname. From this came the name and family of Richardson. 
 
 With "Winthrop's Fleet" came three brothers of this 
 name, who at once became identified with the church and 
 state affairs at Charlestown, Mass., and afterwards helping 
 to establish the town of Woburn. Timothy, in line of 
 
THE RICHARDSON FAMILY 249 
 
 the descendants of Ssniuel, one of the three brothers, settled 
 in Eoyalston. He came from Wrentham. His first wife, 
 Alice Wyman, was a relative of the gallant Seth Wyman, 
 who after the fall of Captain Lovewell and his lieutenant, 
 commanded in the bloody "Lovewell fight"; and by some 
 historians, is made the hero of that celebrated personal 
 encounter with the Indian Chief Paugus. 
 
 Tradition says "that the wife of Timothy Richardson, then 
 a young woman, rode horseback with her husband from 
 Wrentham, and as she started from home broke off a twig 
 from an apple tree for a riding whip. On arriving at the 
 new home she stuck the twig in the ground where it took 
 root and became a stalwart tree and bore apples for many 
 years." Timothy Richardson and his wife were original 
 members of the First Congregational Church in Royalston. 
 He was one of the first Selectmen elected in 1765, and served 
 at different times for nine years. He was also Royalston's 
 first Representative to the General Court, serving in 1776. 
 He was born in Attleboro, Mass., Oct. 18, 1715 and died in 
 Royalston, Dec. 15, 1801. Timothy Richardson, Jr., son of 
 Timothy, was born in Attleboro, March 7, 1741 and married 
 Sarah Estey. They had eight children or more, all born in 
 Royalston. 
 
 Stephen Richardson, sixth child of Timothy and Sarah 
 (Estey) Richardson, was born in Royalston, Sept. 4, 1799. 
 He was twice married, first to Lydia Raymond, June 16, 
 1807, who died Nov. 19, 1838; he married second a widow, 
 Mrs. Sally Walker, who survived him and died in 1877 at 
 the age of ninety-three years at the home of her son, Aaron 
 Walker in Boston. He was a man of sterling character and 
 always held the respect of the townspeople among whom he 
 lived — • a good type of the "old time," sturdy yeomanry, who 
 did so much to build up our Commonwealth. He died 
 suddenly of heart failure Dec. 14, 1863, on the farm settled 
 by his father and on which he had always lived. He had 
 three sons, Luther, born April, 15, 1808, who married Abigail 
 F. Hazeltine of Winchendon, Feb. 15, 1835, and died in 
 Winchendon in 1842; Lysander, born in 1812, who became a 
 physician in Jaffrey, N. H., and died in 1843; and Franklin 
 Richardson. 
 
2S0 HISTORY OF KOYALSTON 
 
 Franklin Richardson youngest son of Stephen and Lydia 
 (Raymond) Richardson, was l)orn Oct. 11, 1815. He married 
 Sarah Emerson, Sept. 2, 1840; she died Aug. 21, and he 
 married second, Abigail M. Tenney, Dec. 22, 1841. He had a 
 daughter, Sarah E., by his first wife, who lived Less than a 
 year. When quite young he worked in a cabinet shop in 
 Royalston Centre near where the blacksmith shop is now lo- 
 cated. One of his fellow shopmates for a short time, who 
 worked at the same bench with him, was a young man from 
 Vermont by the name of Joseph Smith, who became known in 
 later years as the founder of the Mormon reUgion. He hved 
 on the home farm with his father until the death of the latter 
 in 1863. Soon after he sold the farm, and bought a place 
 near the "Common" on the South Royalston road. In a short 
 time he bought the store of Obadiah Walker in 1865. This 
 store was located where the present parsonage of the Con- 
 gregational Church now stands. He carried on this store 
 for two years and then retired from business. He died 
 Sept. 23, 1881. An adopted daughter, Addie Richardson, 
 married Henry R. Newton of Waterford, Vt., Feb. 26, 1880. 
 They have two sons, Leon R. of Greenfield, Mass., and 
 Ernest A. of Charlestown, Mass. Mr. and Mrs. Newton 
 reside in St. Johnsbury, Vt. 
 
 Abijah Richardson, son of Timothy Richardson. He 
 settled on the home lot of his father, Timothy Richardson, 
 the place later known as the Benjamin W. Upham farm. 
 He married Hannah Eddy, daughter of Benjamin Eddy of 
 Royalston, Nov. 26, 1778. They had eight children, all but 
 one of whom were ])orn in Royalston. It is said that he was 
 concerned in Shay's Rebellion, and desiring to get beyond 
 the jurisdiction of Massachusetts moved to Fitzwilliam, N. H., 
 about 1787, and exchanged his Royalston farm for one in 
 Fitzwilliam, where his l)rother Eliphalet had previously 
 lived. A few years later, probably about 1791, he returned 
 to his farm in Royalston. 
 
 Abijah Richardson, Jr., who succeeded his father, Abijah, 
 on the home place, was born Feb. 2, 1794. He married 
 Lucy Whitney, daughter of Elder Ephraim Whitney, Dec. 18, 
 1821. They had six children: Hannah, Ephraim W., Lucy, 
 Andrew Jackson and Alice. Lucy (Whitney) Richardson 
 died Sept. 18, 1833. Ephraim W. Richardson, born Feb. 28, 
 
THE RICHARDSON FAMILY £51 
 
 1824, after graduating from college, died just as he was 
 entering upon the ministry. 
 
 Andrew Jackson Richardson, bom March 8, 1829, went 
 to Wisconsin, and was Captain of a company in the Civil 
 War. 
 
 Jefferson, horn Aug. 2, 1827, was a t'eacher in the Royal- 
 ston schools, enlisted in a New, Hampshire regiment in the 
 war, and died when on his way home from the war. 
 
 Abijah Richardson, Jr., married second, Melinda Cut- 
 ler, daughter of Tarrant and Lydia Cutler, April 1, 1834. 
 They had three children, George O., Leander and Levi A. 
 Melinda (Cutler) Richardson died June, 1879. Abijah Rich- 
 ardson, Jr., did! April 24, 1840. 
 
 Dr. Thomas Riclmrdson, came to Royalston about 1790. 
 He was a descendant of Thomas Richardson, the youngest 
 of the three brothers who came on "Winthrop's Fleet." 
 He had eleven children born in Royalston between 1789 
 and 1810. He moved to Fitzwilliam, N. H. in 1812. George 
 Carter Richardson, who became a prominent merchant of 
 Boston and Mayor of Cambridge, was one of his sons. 
 A sketch of Dr. Thomas Richardson appears in the chapter 
 of the Medical Profession, and one of Hon. George Carter 
 Richardson under "Sons of Royalston." 
 
 THE GREGORY FAMILY 
 
 The Gregory family is a remarkable example of great 
 business ability shown through three or four generations 
 of able business and public men. Isaac Gregory, the first 
 of the family name to become identified with Royalston 
 history was born in Weston, Mass., Sept. 1, 1759, a son 
 of Isaac and Mercy (Lawrence) Gregory. He came to 
 Royalston from Templeton about the close of the Revolution. 
 He married Susana Holman, who died in Royalston, Jan. 12, 
 1793. During the latter part of the eighteenth century 
 and the early years of the nineteenth he was probal^ly the 
 most prominent man in the town in public and church 
 affairs, and died Sept. 15, 1808 at the early age of forty- 
 nine years. Judging from the important positions he filled 
 he evidently was an extremely busy man. Between 1794 
 
2^2 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 and 1808 he represented the town of Royalston, seven years 
 in the General Court, was Town Clerk five years, Selectman 
 eight years, between 1792 and 1803, Assessor twelve years, 
 between 1788 and 1805 and deacon of the Congregational 
 Church from Jan. 5, 1795 to the day of his death. 
 
 He married, second, widow Molly Town of Fitzwilliam, 
 N. H., in 1793. No children by this marriage. The children 
 of Isaac and Susana (Holman) Gregory were four sons: 
 Jonathan, born June 15, 1786, Isaac, born July 18, 1888, 
 Tille, born Oct. 5, 1790 and Franklin, born Dec. 14, 1792. 
 Jonathan married Eunice Putnam of New Salem, at Phila- 
 delphia, Pa. They had several children. He died in Phila- 
 delphia, Isaac married Fannie Field of Northfield. Tille 
 died in Paramaribo, South America. 
 
 Major-Getieral Franklin Gregory, youngest son of Isaac and 
 Susana Gregory, was born in Royalston, Dec. 14, 1782. 
 He received his education in the public schools of Royalston, 
 and went at an early age into a store in Boston, where he 
 laid the foundation for a business life, after which he returned 
 to Royalston and engaged in mercantile pursuits, building 
 up an extensive business, and also carried on a large business 
 in straw hats, having a bleachery. He followed in the 
 footsteps of his father, in holding pubUc offices; represented 
 the town in the General Court in 1831 and 1833, was Town 
 Clerk in 1819 and 1820, and from 1825 to 1836 inclusive, 
 fourteen years in all; and was Postmaster of the Royalston 
 office from Aug. 22, 1823 to Sept. 10, 1833. 
 
 In early life he joined the State Militia and developed 
 a great fondness for military affairs. He was made Lieut. - 
 Colonel of the Fifth Regiment, Second Brigade Massachusetts 
 State Mihtia in 1821, served as Colonel in 1823 and 1824, 
 was made Brigadier-General of Sixth Division, Second Brigade 
 in 1825 and 1826, and was made Major-General of the Sixth 
 Division in 1827, serving four years. He did escort duty 
 when General Marquis De Lafayette visited Worcester in 
 1825. 
 
 He was a man whose honorable career won for him 
 the love and esteem of his fellow citizens, and whose un- 
 blemished reputation was a rich legacy to his children. He 
 died July 6, 1836 at the early age of forty-four years. He 
 
THE GREGORY FAMILY 253 
 
 married Martha Porter Edwards of Boston, Dec. 10, 1818. 
 She was born April 5, 1795 and died Feb. 2, 1874. 
 
 Their children, all born at Royalston, are: Sarah Wayland 
 Gregory, born Dec. 10, 1820; she married Oliver Watriss of 
 Cambridge, Nov. 19, 1815, they hid four children all living 
 in 1915. She died at Cambridge, Mass., Jan. 9, 1886. 
 
 Franklin Edwards Gregory^ son of Franklin and Martha 
 (Edwards) Gregory, was born in Royalston, May 7, 1822. 
 At the age of sixteen, after an education acquired in the 
 public schools of Royalston, he entered as a boy, the dry 
 
 goods store of Austin in Royalston. After a few 
 
 months he went to Keene, N. H., and entered the dry goods 
 store of Wales Kimball, and in 1840 want to Cambridge- 
 port, Mass., where he became clerk in the dry goods store 
 of Edward Hyde. In 1843 he became a salesman in the well- 
 established house of Dutton, Richardson & Co., in Boston, 
 and in 1847 was admitted to partnership in the firm, which 
 continued under the same firm name until 1855, when it 
 became Gregory, Tilton & Co. In 1861 Mr. Gregory retired 
 from the dry goods business, and soon after became a partner 
 in the firm of Spear, Burke & Gregory on Central Wharf, the 
 business being chiefly dealing in oils and starch. 
 
 In 1864 he left this new business, and with his old partner, 
 George C. Richardson, also a native of Royalston, formed the 
 well-known house of George C. Richardson & Co., which con- 
 tinued until i88o. From that time as long as he was able to 
 engage in active business his time was occupied in the man- 
 agement of trusts and trust estates, and in the duties of director 
 and manager of financial and other enterprises. He was a di- 
 rector in the Revere National Bank of Boston, vice-president 
 of the Framingham National Bank and Framingham Savings 
 Bank and trustee of the Washington and Potomac Railroad. 
 He resided in Cambridge from 1840 to 1883; when he removed 
 to Framingham. On May 26, 1847, he married Sarah Frances 
 Bird, daughter of William Bird of Boston. They had three 
 children : William F., who became a partner in the house of 
 Wm. Claflin & Co., in the shoe trade, Charles F., and Anna 
 Edwards, His career from a boy in a retail country store in 
 his native town of Royalston, to the head of one of Boston's 
 leading commission houses, shows that he must have been 
 
234 HISTORY OF ROY ALSTON 
 
 possessed of a sound judgment and wise foresight. He died 
 in Cambridge, June 29, 1903. 
 
 Johri Porter Gregory, second son of General Franklin Gregory, 
 was born Nov. 6, 1823. He married Sarah Lane Gregory; they 
 had one child who died at Mexico; he married second, Mary 
 Stone Gregory by whom he had one child, who died at Guam. 
 He was in business in Cambridge with Abel Bruce, and was 
 for many years agent of the Union Glass Co., of Somerville. 
 He died June 23, 1909 at Paterson, N. J. 
 
 Isaac Holman Gregory, was born Dec. 8, 1825. He first 
 went to work in an Athol store and when his mother moved 
 her family to Cambridge he went with her and found 
 employment with Abel Bruce. He made several changes in 
 the course of years; at one time he was with Chandler & Co., 
 large dry goods house on Summer Street, Boston, where he 
 had charge of their wholesale department; after this he 
 opened a store in Charlestown, N. H., and from there went to 
 Keesville, N. Y. His health failing him, he gave up business 
 and returned to Cambridge. When sufficiently recovered 
 to resume business he went west for a Boston dry goods 
 house and located in Chicago where he remained until his 
 death, April 20, 1898. He was a bachelor. 
 
 Martha Ann Gergory, was born Aug. 24, 1829. She 
 married Wm. H. Ladd of Lynn, April 2, 1857. He was for 
 a long time teacher and proprietor of the Chauncey Hall School 
 in Boston. They had two children. She died Sept. 26, 1893, 
 at Lynn, Mass. George Henry Gregory, died at the age of 
 eleven years at Cambridge, and is buried in the Edwards 
 tomb on Boston Common. 
 
 Charles Augustus Gregory born Sept. 7, 1833. A sketch 
 of him will be found in another chapter of this history. 
 
 Frederick W. Gregory, the youngest son of General Franklin 
 Gregory, was born Nov. 13, 1835. He has been engaged in 
 the oil and starch business for the past forty-five years and 
 has been in and seen the various changes of the oil business 
 from the manufacture of sperm and whale oil to coal and 
 petroleum oils, and its up and downs during that period. 
 He was first, for about twenty-seven years, at Central Wharf, 
 Boston, under the firm name of Speare, Gregory & Co., 
 afterwards at 162 High Street under firm name of F. W. 
 Gregory & Co., and having connections in Providence as 
 
THE GREGORY FAMILY 255 
 
 large importers of olive oil; also a factory in Salem, Mass. 
 for manufacture of vulcanized products for rubber goods 
 manufacturers; also New York connections as partner. 
 He married Delia M. Booth of Hobart, N. Y. He is now 
 living at Waban. Mass. 
 
 THE GODDARD FAMILY 
 
 The English ancestor of the Goddards of New England 
 was one Edward Goddard, a wealthy farmer of Norfolk, who. 
 taking the parliament side in the Civil War, was reduced to 
 poverty by the Cavaliers. His son William, "citizen and 
 grocer," of London in 1666 embarked for the American wilder- 
 ness with his wife and children, and landed in Watertown, 
 Mass., settling on a small farm directly opposite the meeting- 
 house almost in sight of the "homestall" of Richard Gale; 
 though the two family streams did not unite until they had 
 flowed, after that, a long time and a long way separately. 
 William's son, Benjamin, "admitted to full communion, July 
 31, 1687" lived in Charlestown. A second Benjamin, son of 
 the last named, a "housewright," settled in Grafton, Mass., 
 whence his son Samuel, removed to Royalston and settled upon 
 a tract of wild land in the northwest part of the town about 
 the year 1778. His was a representative household of the old 
 Puritan stock; prayerful, austere, persistent, hard-working, 
 faithful and ambitious. Most of the children inherited un- 
 usual intellectual ability, and in spite of scanty means, several 
 of the nine sons acciuired a liberal education. They all reached 
 maturity but three, and were intelligent men of high character. 
 
 Samuel Goddard, son of Benjamin Goddard of Grafton, 
 Mass., was born in that town, and was by occupation and 
 trade, a farmer, shoemaker and tanner. He learned his shoe- 
 maker and tanner's trade near his father's homestead in Grafton. 
 He served his time, three years, three months and three days. 
 He married Elizabeth King, daughter of Henry King, Escj., of 
 Sutton. She was a woman of refinement and unusual in- 
 telligence and education for those days. 
 
 He went to Royalston when about thirty years old, in 1778, 
 and settled on the farm that remained in and was occupied 
 by the Goddard family until about 1895. He first came with- 
 
256 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 out his family, and made a little clearing, and proceeded to 
 erect a house in which he lived before a floor was made, doing 
 his own cooking and taking his meals on a board laid across 
 the sills. As soon as he had two rooms done, he went to Sutton 
 and brought to this house, his wife and three children. He 
 made his first sled with no tools but an ax. He built a tannery, 
 and the people of Orange, Richmond and other towns used 
 to bring hides there to be tanned. 
 
 He continued clearing up the land, farming, shoemaking 
 and tanning, and by the utmost economy and hard work got 
 to be in comfortable circumstances for that place. He was 
 interested in town affairs and was for several years one of the 
 Selectmen and Assessors. 
 
 The children of Samuel and Elizabeth (King) Goddard were: 
 Henry, Samuel, Asahel, Salmon, James and Elizabeth who 
 grew to matiirity, besides four others who died in infancy. Henry 
 lived to be seventy-eight years of age and was always an in- 
 valid after he was sixteen years old; the first part of his life he 
 was a merchant, and kept store in a building erected about 
 1790 for that purpose. One Avery afterwards kept store in 
 the same place. Subsequently Samuel and Henry Goddard, 
 Squire Peck and one Pierce kept store in the middle of the 
 town near the site of the Rufus Bullock residence. They 
 were burned out. 
 
 Asahel, Henry and James went to Belfast, Maine, in 1803, 
 and carried on a store there, but did not succeed well. Asahel 
 died in 1806 of fever. Henry lived at Belfast thirty years, 
 teaching, storekeeping and some of the time making pocket- 
 books and weavers' reeds. In 1836, he returned to Massa- 
 chusetts, lived a while in Millbury and then at Royalston, 
 where he died of consumption in 1848. 
 
 He was a man of unusual education for the times, a great 
 reader, an ardent anti-slavery man, and always of some promi- 
 nence in political affairs. He was the tallest of the family — 
 about six feet. James went from Belfast to Messina, one 
 hundred miles west of Lake Champlain, and engaged in the 
 lumber business. He lived there some ten years, and then 
 went to Little Valley in New York State, where he married 
 Hannah Hay, who weighed three hundred pounds. He died in 
 western New York. 
 
THE GODDARD FAMILY 257 
 
 Hamuel Goddard, son of Samuel and Elizabeth (King) God- 
 <laid, followed storekeeping with poor success, but always 
 had taste and talent for preaching. He kept school a good deal, 
 and was the first to propose a prayer meeting in the church 
 at Royalston. He urged upon Mr. Lee, the minister, a monthly 
 prayer meeting at the church. Mr. Lee at first refused it as a 
 novelty, but finally assented and gave public notice of such 
 meeting. The meeting was a success and was ever after kept 
 up as monthly or weekly. When more than thirty years old 
 he began to study for the ministry. He was first settled as a 
 minister at Concord, N. H., and as missionary in that State. 
 Subsequently he preached in Norwich, Vt., for many years; 
 three years after he was stone blind, and died there in 1844. 
 He was known all over that part of Vermont as "Father God- 
 dard." 
 
 Elizabeth Goddard, only daughter of Samuel and Elizabeth 
 (King) Goddard, is described as a slender, pretty looking girl 
 with blue eyes and auburn hair, and was from childhood of very 
 delicate health. Squire Peck wanted to marry her, but her 
 father opposed the match and told Mr. Peck that he did not want 
 Elizabeth to marry him. Peck said that the Goddards would 
 not have objected to him if he had been born with a singing 
 book in his hand. 
 
 She finally married him, June 5,''1794, and after living in 
 Royalston some twelve years they moved to Montpelier, Vt., 
 where she died in 1834 about sixty years of age. She is said 
 to have been a woman of the finest and sweetest temper, and a 
 devoted Christian. Two of her sons, Nahum and Asahel, 
 b(jth born in Royalston, were eminent lawyers of Vermont, 
 Asahel having been one of the judges of the Supreme Court of 
 Vermont, and also Governor of the State. 
 
 Elizabeth (King) Goddard, wife of Lieut. Samuel Goddard, 
 died March 15, 1786, and he married, second, the widow Cathe- 
 rine Parks of Gerry, June 29, 1790. 
 
 Of the children of this second marriage four attained ma- 
 turity: Benjamin, Tamar, Nathaniel and Danford. 
 
 Tamar Goddard was born Feb. 10, 1795. She married 
 Isaac Gale, March 10, 1813 and was the mother of ten children, 
 among them Samuel C. Gale, Amory and Harlow A. 
 
 Benjamin Goddard, son of Samuel and Catherine (Parks) 
 Goddard, was l)orn in Royalston, and when a 
 
258 HISTORY OF KOYALSTON 
 
 young man went to Worcester, where in 1822 he became the 
 partner of Ichabod Washburn in the manufacture of woolen 
 machinery and lead pipe, the firm being Washburn & Goddard, 
 and they soon employed thirty men. They made the first 
 condenser and long-roll spinning-Jack ever made in Worcester 
 County, and among the first in the country. 
 
 In 1831, they sold this business and moved to North ville 
 on a small water privilege, where they made card wire and wire 
 for screens. The business was in 1835 removed to its present 
 location on Grove Street, and since then has grown to its pres- 
 ent large proportion, contributing to the support directly and 
 indirectly of perhaps one-sixth of the population of Worcester,, 
 and known the world over. The partnership of Washburn 
 & Goddard was dissolved in 1835. About 1840, Mr. Wash- 
 burn bought the water power and property now occupied by 
 the Worcester Wire Company at South Worcester, and Mr. 
 Goddard took charge of the mill, which position he retained until 
 his death, in 1867, and all three of his sons worked there, — 
 Delano, who afterwards became the accomplished editor of the 
 Boston Advertiser; Henry, who for many years was at the head 
 of one of the important departments of the Washburn & Moen 
 Manufacturing Co., and Dorrance, who for many years was 
 the superintendent of the South Works of the company. 
 
 Nathaniel Goddard, son of Samuel and Catherine (Parks) 
 Goddard, was born in Royalston, Feb. 7, 1797. He was edu- 
 cated in the common schools of Royalston, and then served 
 an apprenticeship at the trade of boot and shoemaker. He 
 went to Millbury, Mass., March 19, 1819, six years after the 
 incorporation of Millbuiy, and immediately began the manu- 
 facture of boots and shoes for the local trade. In 1826, his 
 l:)rother Danford became a partner with him, under the firm 
 name of N. & D. Goddard. This partnership continued until 
 1834, when Danford retired from the firm. His next partner 
 was Abner Rice, the firm being Goddard & Rice. Their busi- 
 ness constantly increased, and they were having quite a large 
 southern and western trade. They next turned their attention 
 to the carrying of leather in connection with their boot and 
 shoe business. lu 1851, the firm of Goddard & Rice was dis- 
 solved and Ira N. Goddard became a partner with his father, 
 the firm being N. Goddard & Son, and the business was con- 
 ducted under this name until the death of Nathaniel Goddard, 
 
THE GODDARD FAMILY 259 
 
 Dec. 8, 1887. He was a prominent man of affairs in the town, 
 and was chosen to serve in various public offices. He was a 
 member of the Congregational Church in which he served as 
 deacon for more than fifty years. Throughout his long busi- 
 ness career he maintained the character of an honest, upright 
 man, and was ever found on the side of truth, justice and equal 
 rights. He married in Royalston, Oct. 27, 1820, Rhoda Baker 
 Gale, a lineal descendant of two prominent early settlers of 
 Massachusetts — Richard Baker, who emigrated from Eng- 
 land to Dorchester, Mass., in 1635; and Richard Gale, who 
 settled in Watertown in 1640. She died in Millbury, Dec. 27, 
 1883. Their children were: Julia A., Maria, Sophia and 
 Ira Nathaniel. 
 
 Julia A., born April 25, 1822, married Henry W. Benchley, 
 who was lieutenant-governor of Massachusetts in 1858. She 
 died July 30, 1854, leaving two children: Maria died at the 
 age of ten years; Sophia married Rufus Wesson. 
 
 Ira Nathaniel, only son of Nathaniel and Rhoda (Gale) 
 Goddard,was born March 1, 1830. After obtaining his edu- 
 cation in the common schools and academy of Millbury, he 
 worked for his father in the shoe business; was admitted into 
 partnership with his father as junior member, and on the death 
 of his father succeeded to the entire business and parental 
 estate. In addition to his shoe business he was agent for 
 many life and fire insurance companies, was president of the 
 Millbury savings bank, held many town offices, having been 
 town clerk for sixty consecutive years, which position he held 
 at the time of his death. 
 
 He was elected to the Legislature in 1905, was prominent 
 in the Congregational Church of which he was clerk for many 
 years and also superintendent of the Sunday school. 
 
 He married, June 26, 1856, Josephine C. Ryan, daughter 
 of John and Caroline (Merritt) Ryan of Millbury, and they 
 had two children: one died in infancy, and Harry M., born in 
 Millbury, Aug. 3, 1859. 
 
 Colonel Salmon Goddard, son of Samuel and Elizabeth' God- 
 dard, was born in Royalston, Jan. 6, 1783. He succeeded his 
 father on the farm and in the tannery business, and was a 
 prominent citizen in his day. He represented the town in the 
 General Court of 1838, served on the board of assessors for 
 seven years, and was a leader in civic and military affairs. 
 
2(,0 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 He was married, Oct. 7, 1807 to Dolly Faulkner, the daughter 
 of a sterling patriot who won distinction in the American army 
 during the struggle for National Independence. She died June 
 24, 1824, at the age of thirty-nine years and six months; he 
 married, second, Lucy Goddard of Petersham, May 8, 1825, 
 He was the father of eight children, all by the first wife; 
 three died in infancy or early childhood. Ann nianied Clement 
 Reed; Elizabeth died single; Dolly died at the age of eighteen 
 years. 
 
 Salmon Goddard, son of Salmon and Dolly (Faulkner) God- 
 dard, was born March 25, 1816. For many years he was one 
 of the most prosperous farmers of Royalston, serving as select- 
 man, surveyor of highways, and in other town offices. He 
 was originally an old line Whig, and a loyal supporter of the 
 Republican party from the time of its formation until his 
 death. He married Charlotte Augusta Day of Worcester, 
 Oct. 31, 1842. They had three children: Mary C, born Feb, 
 11, 1844; Lucy Maria, born June 3, 1849, and Herbert S., born 
 April 11, 1852. 
 
 Mary C. Goddard married Asaph M. White. Mr. White 
 died Sept. 29, 1906, since which time Mrs. White has resided 
 in Athol. 
 
 Lucy Maria Goddard married Cyrus D. Davis, they lived in 
 in Athol, Petersham and Keene, N. H., where she died in 1913. 
 Herbert S. Goddard, son of Salmon Goddard, was born in 
 Royalston, April 11, 1852. He was educated in the district 
 schools of his native town. Powers Institute, Bernardston, Mass. 
 and at the University of Minnesota. In early life, he became 
 associated with Cyrus D. Davis, his brother-in-law, in carry- 
 ing on lumbering operations in Royalston, Petersham, Athol 
 and vicinity, and in connection with that business they operated 
 a steam sawmill. 
 
 In 1888, he settled in Athol, where he engaged in the manu- 
 facture of pianoforte cases as a member of the firm of Goddard 
 and Manning, and continued in that business until 1897. Since 
 that time he has devoted a considerable portion of his time to 
 town affairs and other business of a public nature. He has 
 served the town of Athol on the board of selectmen, board of 
 health, assessors, sewer commissioner and in other town offices. 
 He was appointed one of the deputy sheriffs of Worcester County, 
 by Sheriff Chamberlin in Oct. 1903, and holds that position at the 
 
THE GODDARD FAMILY 261 
 
 present time. He is a member of the Baptist Church, and 
 one of its deacons. 
 
 On Sept. 15, 1880 he married Miss Sarah E. Forristall, 
 daughter of Philander and Sally A. Forristall of Boston. They 
 have two daughters: Charlotte Pitman, born Aug. 29, 1882; 
 and Maud, born July 3, 1884. 
 
 Charlotte P. is a graduate of Mount Holyoke College, and 
 taught mathematics and science at the Bennington, Vermont, 
 High School and other institutions. She is now treasurer and 
 business manager of the Skidmore School of Art at Saratoga 
 Springs, N. Y. 
 
 Maud completed her education at the University of Minne- 
 sota, and married Ernest C. Thatcher. They live in Athol. 
 
 THE FRANKLIN H. GODDARD FAMILY 
 
 Edward Goddard, son of William Goddard (2) was born in 
 Watertown, Mass., March 24, 1674 or '75. He was a noted 
 schoolmaster in Watertown, Boston and Framingham, Town 
 Clerk of Framingham ^for twenty years from 1720, and also 
 held many other important offices. 
 
 Simon Goddard, son of Edward Goddard (3) was born Feb. 
 18, 1701, and died Nov. 3, 1758, aged fifty-eight years. 
 He settled in Shrewsbury, Mass. about 1731. He married 
 Susannah Cloyes of Framingham, Nov. 2, 1727. She died at 
 Athol where some of her family settled, November, 1798, aged 
 ninety-four years. 
 
 Josiah Goddard, son of Simon Goddard (4), was born in 
 Shrewsbury, Mass., Dec. 25, 1745. He settled in Athol, Mass., 
 and married Ruth Raymond, Nov. 8, 1774 at Athol. He be- 
 came a prominent citizen of Athol was magistrate, coroner and 
 representative to the General Court. He was a prosperous 
 farmer. He died at Athol, Oct. 23, 1801. His children were: 
 Henry, Nathan, Susannah, baptized at Royalston, May 12, 1787, 
 and Sally, Nahum, Ashbel, Eber, Daniel, Rhoda and Nabby. 
 
 Ashbel Goddard, son of Josiah Goddard (5), was born in Athol 
 about 1787. 
 
 He married Betsey Pierce, daughter of William and Sally 
 Pierce, Nov. 21, 1811. He followed his father's occupation 
 and was a well-to-do farmer of Royalston. His children, 
 
262 
 
 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 all born in Royalston were: Sally, born March 21, 1812; she 
 married Samuel Wheeler of Dummerston, Vt., Aug. 25, 1846; 
 Royal, born Jan. 8, 1814, died Oct. 17, 1839; Charles, born Nov. 
 19, 1815; Mary Ann, born June 2, 1818; George Nelson, born 
 Feb. 18, 1821, died Jan. 1, 1840; Elizabeth, born Sept. 1, 1825; 
 Franklin Horatio, born Nov. 25, 1828; and William Bailey, 
 born July 13, 1832. 
 
 Charles Goddard, second son of Ashbel and Betsey Goddard, 
 married Lucinda Bresson of Gardner, March 1, 1842. He was 
 a farmer in Royalston and moved to Athol about 1857. He had 
 two children: Nelson Royal, born April 15, 1843 and died 
 Sept. 19, 1849; and Charles Virgil, born Feb. 1, 1845. 
 
 Charles Virgil Goddard, son of Charles and Lucinda (Bresson) 
 Goddard married Ella F. Norcross, Dec. 31, 1867. They had 
 nine children of whom all but one are now living (1915). He 
 enHsted in the Civil War in Co. E, Fifty-third Mass. Regiment. 
 After the war, he engaged in teaming of freight from the shops 
 at TuUy to Athol. He commenced the manufacture of blinds 
 with Salmon Wakefield in a shop that stood where the plant 
 of the Union Twist Drill Co. in Athol is now located. After 
 one year he bought out Wakefield's interest in the business 
 and ran it himself for about six years, employing about twenty- 
 five hands. During about three years of this time the busi- 
 ness was carried on in a shop known as the "Bioneer Mill" 
 which he built on Laurel Street in Athol, and which was de- 
 stroyed by fire and never rebuilt. 
 
 Mary Ann Goddard, second daughter of Ashbel and Betsey 
 (Bierce) Goddard, married James M. Cheney of Athol, June 14, 
 1842. 
 
 Mr. Cheney was engaged in the manufacture of sash and 
 blinds in a shop where the Union Twist Drill Co. is now located 
 in Athol, and later had a sawmill near the same place. Their 
 children were: Sarah Elizabeth, born in 1848, married Lewis 
 S. Billings, May 27, 1896. They have no children and reside 
 in Athol where Mr. Billings is engaged in the livery business. 
 
 William Wallace Cheneij, born March 11, 18^0, married 
 Sadie Streeter of New York. They reside in Athol, where Mr. 
 Cheney has always been engaged as a sash and ])lind maker. 
 
 James Wesley Cheney, born in November, 1851, and died 
 when thirteen years old. 
 
THE GODDARD FAMILY £63 
 
 Frank Cheneij, born in 1861, died at the age of twenty-one 
 years. 
 
 Mary Baker Cheney, born Jan. 19, 1856, married Arthur F, 
 Tyler, a prominent manufacturer of Athol, May 12, 1875. 
 They had eight children. She died in 1901. 
 
 Mary Ann (Goddard) Cheney died in January, 1902 antl James 
 M. Cheney in 1903. 
 
 Elizabeth Pierce Goddard, youngest daughter of Ashbel and 
 Betsey (Pierce) Goddard, married Hiram Knapp of Franklin, 
 Mass., Oct. 30, 1848, in Royalston, They resided in Athol for 
 many years and had six children: Carrie Matilda, born Nov. 
 26, 1849; she married Albert D. Pond in Athol, Jan. 8, 1869, 
 and they still reside in Athol; Annie Lizzie, born Nov. 23, 
 1849; she married Charles Eninger in Athol, Nov. 30, 1892 
 and is now living in New York City; they had one child who 
 lived but a few months; Josephine Lucinda, born Oct. 1, 1851 
 and died Oct. 16, 1851; Charlie Gilbert, born Nov. 28, 1852, 
 was drowned in the summer of 1859; Willie Elsworth, born 
 Aug. 3, 1861; his home is in Athol; Emma Lois, born March 23, 
 1863, married Henri M. Prescott, and they live in Winchen- 
 don. Hiram Knapp died in Athol, Dec. 28, 1885 and Eliza- 
 beth Goddard Knapp died in Athol Feb. 8, 1892. 
 
 Franklin Horatio Goddard, son of Ashbel Goddard, was born 
 in Royalston, Nov. 25, 1828. He was educated in the public 
 schools of his native town and at Royalston Academy. When 
 not in school he worked on his father's farm and in winter in 
 the manufacture of straw hats. When a young man he left 
 home and went to St. Louis, where he engaged in manufacturing. 
 Just before the Civil War he enlisted in the Citizen Militia under 
 General John C. Fremont and took an active part in the struggle 
 which kept the State of Missouri in the Union when it seemed 
 as if the secession sentiment was about to win. He was a 
 prisoner of war in St. Louis for a short time. While in the west 
 he taught school for a short time. Returning to Royalston, 
 he engaged in farming until the infirmities of old 
 age compelled him to retire from active work. He was for 
 many years one of the highway surveyors of the town, an active 
 worker and member of the Congregational Church, and an 
 earnest temperance worker. He married Sarah Mellen of 
 Nashua, N. H. He married (second) Aug. 24, 1898, Ada Smith, 
 
264- HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 daughter of Levi G. Smith of Winchendon. She was born 
 April 3, 1858. He had no children by either marriage. 
 
 William. Bailey Goddard, youngest child of Ashbel and Betsey 
 Goddard, was born at Royalston, July 13, 1832. He married 
 Fannie Earle of Phillipston. For a number of years he ran 
 the stage line from Athol to Petersham and later from Royal- 
 ston Centre to South Royalston, and resided for many years 
 on the Common. He died April 5, 1893. 
 
 Henry Goddard 2d married Anna Davis, April 28, 1802. 
 They had seven children: Mahala, born Jan. 16, 1803, married 
 Sherman Bacon of Orange, April 30, 1831; Josiah, born April 
 6, 1805; Davis, born March 6, 1807; Anna and Amanda, twin 
 daughters, born Jan. 11, 1809; Anna married Clement 0. Reed 
 of Worcester, Jan. 8, 1834 and Amanda married John Cowdrey 
 of Westmoreland, N. H., May 25, 1835; Susanna, born March 
 22, 1811, died Oct. 13, 1827; and Sanford, born March 11, 1813. 
 
 Josiah Goddard, married Miranda White in Royalston, Feb. 
 3, 1829. When a young man he was in business in Boston 
 for a time, after which he bought a farm in Orange where he 
 lived until he died, Oct. 7, 1859. He had eight children, four 
 boys and four girls, all of whom lived to manhood and woman- 
 hood. He was a tall man, being six feet and four inches in 
 height. He was a prominent man in his town and represented 
 it in the Legislature. His oldest son. Dr. Josiah H. Goddard, 
 was a leading physician of Franklin County, and during the 
 forty years of his practice traveled with his team over two hun- 
 dred thousand miles to answer calls. 
 
 Sanford Goddard was married in Boston to Julia A. Kendall 
 of Dummerston, Vt. in 1835. They had six children; three 
 boys and three girls: Edward L. Goddard, born in Royalston, 
 Jan. 31, 1836 and Elvira A., born in Royalston, Aug. 12, 1838. 
 Sanford Goddard moved to Montague, Mass., in 1839, where 
 the other four children were born. Edward L. Goddard en- 
 listed in Co. K, 26th Mass. Regiment, Sept. 12, 1861. Elvira 
 A. Goddard married George A. Kaulback, March, 1867, and he 
 enlisted in Co. G, 10th Mass. Regiment in June, 1861 and 
 served three years. 
 
 Davis Goddard, the youngest son of Henry and Anna (Davis) 
 Goddard was born in Royalston, March 6, 1807. He spent his 
 boyhood days on a farm and received a common school edu- 
 cation. When in his teens, he went to Boston, and, with his 
 
THE GODDARD FAMILY 265 
 
 brother, started a light trucking business, which they continued 
 a few years and found very profitable. He then went to North 
 Orange, and opened a general country store, also acting as post- 
 master. After a few years he moved to Orange, and in 1852, 
 was appointed postmaster, a position which he held twenty- 
 four years, when he resigned. He was elected town clerk in 
 1846, and was re-elected each year until 1856; was chosen select- 
 man in 1861 and held the chairmanship for seven years. He 
 went to the General Court as representative in 1857 and as 
 senator in 1858. He also served as county commissioner of 
 Franklin County from 1864 until 1870. He was for many 
 years a director of the Franklin Mutual Fire Insurance Com- 
 pany of Greenfield, a charter director of Orange National Bank, 
 and one of ten men who owned the Universalist Church at 
 one time, and surrendered their claim to the Society. In poli- 
 tics he was a Republican and in religion, a Universalist. He 
 married Clara C. Ward of North Orange in 1834. They had 
 no children. He was of an unassuming disposition, but still 
 a leader among men, his advice on important matters being 
 asked and always proving practical. 
 
 THE PIERCE FAMILY 
 
 The Pierce family of Royalston for the first century of 
 the town's history was one of the most numerous families 
 of the town, but to-day there is but one person bearing the 
 name of Pierce who claims to be a resident of Royalston. 
 The first member of the family to settle in Royalston was 
 Capt. Gad Pierce, who was born in Lexington, Mass., June 
 10, 1741. He married Mary Foster of Acton and removed 
 to Royalston. He built his home on the west bank of the 
 Lawrence, where he opened a public house, and had a good 
 farm. He died Jan. 15, 1811, at the age of seventy. The 
 children of Capt. Gad and Mary (Foster) Pierce, born in 
 Royalston were: 
 
 John, born Dec. 31, 1763, he married Hannah Sibley, June 
 28, 1787; Gad, born Jan. 19, 1768; Jonathan, born July 4, 
 1766, died July 29, 1838, aged 72; Molly, born Jan. 2, 1770; 
 she married Josiah Piper, Jr., April 1, 1790, and died Jan. 24, 
 1849; William, born March 4, 1772, married Sally Work^ 
 
266 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 May 12, 1791; Susan7iah, born March 5, 1774; Esther, born 
 Feb. 16, 1776, married Robert Nichols, Sept. 1, 1796; Delight, 
 born Mar. 19, 1778, married Wm. Sweetzer, Nov. 28, 1799; 
 Joseph, born Aug. 23, 1782, married Patty Sharon, Feb. 22, 
 1802; Silas, born Sept. 14, 1784, married Anna Chubb, Sept. 6, 
 1807; Hannah, born April 24, 1780, married Elkanah Whipple. 
 
 William Pierce from Acton, father of Capt. Gad, and two 
 other sons, Zebulon and Eliphalet, came to town with or soon 
 after, Capt. Gad Pierce, and made settlements in the same 
 neighborhood. But they all early removed and left no 
 representatives. 
 
 William Pierce, third son of Capt. Gad and Maiy (Foster) 
 Pierce married Sally Work, May 12, 1791. They had ten 
 children: Betsey and Sally, twin daughters, bom in November, 
 1791, Wilham, born April 19, 1794, Martha, born April 1, 
 1796; Jonas, born Feb. 15, 1798; Mary, born March 5, 
 1800, Royal, born March 27, 1802, Royal, bora March 26, 
 1804, George, born Aug. 25, 1805 and James, born Oct. 2, 
 1807. Betsey married Ashbel Goddard, Nov. 21, 1811 and 
 was the mother of Franklin H. Goddard. Maiy married 
 Leonard R. Turner, June 21, 1834 and was the mother of 
 Mrs. Joseph T. Nichols. 
 
 Jonathan Pierce, second son of Capt. Gad and Mary 
 (Foster) Pierce was born July 4, 1766. He married Huldah 
 Sibley,- daughter of Jonathan Sibley, one of the early settlers 
 of Royalston. He was the "portly" post-man to whom 
 Governor Bullock referred in his Centennial address, who 
 drove the post and carried the mail between Worcester and 
 Keene, through Royalston, bringing the weekly papers, the 
 regular politics, and the distant gossip from the outside 
 world. This mission he performed for nearly a quarter of a 
 century, commencing about the year 1800. 
 
 Jonathan and Huldah (Sibley) Pierce had twelve children 
 of whom the three first born died in infancy; the others were: 
 Jonathan Sihley, born June 20, 1796, died June 13, 1829; 
 Huldah, born April 20, 1799, died July 25, 1823; Cynthia, 
 born Sept. 12, 1801, died May 24, 1822; Sumner, born Feb. 
 14, 1803, died March 8, 1878; Horace, born Dec. 15, 1804, 
 died May 3, 1883; Paul, born March 8, 1808, died Oct. 27 
 1884; Columbus, born 
 
IIORACK PIRRCK 
 
 MILO H. PIKRCK 
 
 FRANKLIN II. GODDARD 
 
THE PIERCE FAMILY 267 
 
 ChorloUe, born June 4, 1812, died May 3, 1893; Eunice, 
 born Sept. 20, 1814, died Oct. 13, 1891. 
 
 Horace Pierce, son of , Jonathan and Huldah (Sibley) 
 Pierce, was born in Royalston, Dec. 15, 1804. He was for 
 many years a manufacturer of wooden pails and buckets, his 
 mill being in the north part of the town. At one time his son 
 Milo was associated with him, the firm name l^eing Horace 
 Pierce & Son. He married Mary Blood, daughter of William 
 and Betsey (Frye) Blood, Oct. 23, 1828. Their children were: 
 Milo Horace, born June 28, 1829; Mary Louise, born August 5, 
 1831, died August 29, 1849, William Watson, born August 11, 
 1833, died May 27, 1836; Leander Frye, born March 28, 1836, 
 died Dec. 29, 1836; Henry Leander, born Nov. 20, 1837, died 
 April 29, 1863; Elizabeth Ann, born Oct. 10, 1841, died Sept. 10, 
 1849, Adelia Frye, born Aug. 14, 1844, died Aug. 24, 1849; 
 Emma Louise, born March 5, 1849; Junius Ebenezer, born 
 Oct. 28, 1850. 
 
 Milo Horace Pierce, son of Horace and Mary (Blood) 
 Pierce, was bom June 28, 1829. He was in business with his 
 father in Royalston until 1869 under the firm name of Horace 
 Pierce & Son, manufacturers of wooden pails and buckets. 
 In the year 1869 he went to Baxter Springs, Kansas to be 
 associated in business with William Blood, a brother of his 
 mother. A few years later he was joined by his brother, 
 Junius E. Pierce. They went to Texas and for a number of 
 years did business in Dennison and Gainesville, under the 
 firm name of M. H. Pierce and Brother. His health failed 
 in 1892, when he returned to New England, and died at the 
 home of his sister, Emma Pierce Stow, in Granville, Mass., 
 Dec. 3, 1892. While in Kansas and Texas he was prominent 
 in church and civic affairs and highly esteemed for his 
 business integrity. 
 
 Junius E. Pierce was active in the deve'opment of the mer- 
 cantile business of the firm and the towns where they were 
 located. They were then frontier towns of the Southwest 
 calling for men with strong convictions and the courage to 
 stand for them. He was married Dec. 20, 1881 to Mildred 
 A. Beety. They had one son who is Lieut. Junius Pierce? 
 Coast Artillery, stationed at Fort McDowell, Angel Island' 
 San Francisco Harbor, Cal. Junius E. Pierce died Oct. 
 20, 1896. 
 
268 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 Emma Louisa Pierce, youngest daughter of Horace and 
 Mary (Blood) Pierce, was a well-known teacher in Royalstort 
 and Athol for a number of years. She was also a member of 
 the Royalston School Committee, and for a short time 
 librarian of the public library. She married Marshall V. 
 Stow of Granville, Mass., Sept. 6, 1888, and that town is 
 their home. 
 
 Charlotte Pierce, daughter of Jonathan and Huldah 
 (Sibley) Pierce, bom June 4, 1812, married Lucien Bryant of 
 Templeton, Mass., April 24, 1833. She had two sons. Rev. 
 Albert Bryant, a prominent clergyman and Solon Bryant, 
 a merchant, and a daughter, Eunice Biyant, who was a well- 
 known school teacher, and married W. F. Sawyer, a prom- 
 inent druggist of Boston. She married, second, John Pierce,, 
 a widower, Nov. 30, 1848. They lived on a farm in the 
 south part of the town, and later for many yeare ori 
 Royalston Common. She died May 3, 1893. 
 
 THE JONAS PIERCE FAMILY 
 
 Jonas Pierce, son of William and Sally (Work) Pierce, was 
 born in Royalston, Feb. 15, 1798. He was a farmer and lived 
 in Royalston. April 19, 1826, he mamed Fanny Earl, who 
 was born June 17, 1804. They had ten children, all born in 
 Royalston. William Pierce, born Feb. 19, 1827; he married 
 Miss Lucretia Robinson, had one child Henrietta, now living 
 in Norwood, Mass.; he died in Georgia in 1903; George 
 Pierce, born August 11, 1828, died March 4, 1841; Henriette 
 Pierce, born Nov. 14, 1830, married D. H. Haywood in 1860 
 and went West, had two children, Herbert and Bell; James W. 
 Pierce, born Jan. 28, 1832. He Hved in Fitchburg, Mass. 
 where he was in the rattan cane business until 1861, when 
 he went West to Denver City, and for the past thirty-five 
 years his residence has been in Washington, Kansas, where 
 he was engaged in mercantile business until 1911, since 
 which time he has been retired from business. 
 
 He married Mary E. Langdon in Hartford, Conn., May 
 23, 1883; they have four children; two daughters, both 
 married, one son in college in Lincoln, Nebraska, and one 
 son in business; Jonas Blake Pierce, born Oct. 28, 1832, 
 
GKORGE PIKRCH 
 
 gb:orok k. pierck 
 
 MRS. LUCIKN LORD 
 
 MRS. :m.\rv pikrck turner 
 
THE PIERCE FAMILY 269 
 
 married Betsey Warren; he died June 3, 1883; no children; 
 
 Charles Pierce, born July 11, 1835, married Kellogg; 
 
 they had four children, three daughters all of whom are living; 
 he died August, 1905; Persis Witt Pierce, born March 19, 
 1836, died in infancy July 23, 1836; Sophia G. Pierce, born 
 July 1, 1840, married Dr. Chester Stockwell, and had four 
 children; she died August 24, 1905, in Springfield, Ma-^s. 
 George Pierce, the second, was born Sept. 8, 1841; he lives 
 in Springfield, Mass. and has one son; Willard Pierce, born 
 Oct. 27, 1851, married in Springfield and died in Hartford, 
 Conn, in 1890. No children. 
 
 George Pierce, son of William and Sally (Work) Pierce was 
 born in Royalston August 25, 1805. His life extended over 
 nearly the whole of the 19th century, during which time he 
 was a prominent factor in the life of the town. He was a 
 well-known schoolmaster and taught in the northeast 
 district where he had one hundred scholars. For many 
 years he was a teamster to and from Boston before the day 
 of railroads, driving an eight horse team and having for his 
 load to Boston, pails, furniture, chairs, etc., from the Royal- 
 ston shops, while on his return trip he brought great loads of 
 goods for the Royalston stores which were then doing an 
 extensive business. When the railroad was opened through 
 the town that business was ended, and he became a farmer 
 and butcher and dealer in cattle. In the early forties he 
 purchased the General Gregory property on Royalston 
 Common, which was his home for about half a century. 
 On the organization of the Royalston Grenadiers he was 
 chosen as First Lieutenant, and on the resignation of Capt. 
 Cyrus B. Reed he was chosen Captain, which oflfice he held 
 as long as the company existed. He was the moderator of 
 Royalston town meetings for twenty-five years or more. In 
 politics he was first a Whig and later was a staunch Democrat, 
 for many years, being a leader of the few Democrats in town. 
 He married Delia Peck of Royalston, Sept. 17, 1835. The 
 children of George and Delia (Peck) Pierce were as follows: 
 George Everett, Lyman Elliott, Edwin F., Warren Albert, 
 Delia M., Leonard T., and Webster. 
 
 George Everett Pierce, born Feb. 25, 1836, was the oldest 
 son. He has been engaged the most of his life in the cattle 
 business, commencing to buy cattle when but twelve years 
 
2JQ HISTORV OF ROYALSTON 
 
 old. He used to buy up oxen and take them to the Brighton 
 market, going to Vermont, and on some trips Ijuying as many 
 as four hundred head. He kept up this business most of the 
 time from 1857 to 1892. Early in the Civil War, he, with a 
 number of other Royalston men, was drafted and paid a 
 commutation of 1300. About 1861 he purchased of P. C. 
 Tyler a stock of store goods at South Royalston, and had 
 been started only three months when he was ])urned out, 
 but continued the business about two years, having charge 
 of the Post Office. He also went to Chicago about 1871, 
 where he was engaged in the chair business for about two 
 years. He has also done quite an extensive business in 
 lumbering during the last twenty-five years. In 1899 he 
 married Emma A. Reed, daughter of William Reed of Royal- 
 ston. They were married in February of that year and she 
 died in December of the same year. He was a prominent 
 town officer having served on the Board of Assessors for 
 many years. (He is the only person by the name of Pierce 
 who is now a resident and taxpayer in the town of Royal- 
 ston.) Was Town Treasurer from 1888 to 1899, and was 
 collector of taxes for several years. 
 
 Lyman Elliot Pierce, second son of George and Delia 
 (Peck) Pierce, was born Nov. 17, 1837. His business career 
 began in Boston, as an employee of Joseph W. Merriam in 
 the new Faneuil Hall market. Afterward he became a 
 member of the firm of E. K. Goodall & Co., butter merchants 
 in Faneuil Hall market, and having severed his connection 
 with this concern, he accepted a position in the Chamber of 
 Commerce. 
 
 For about thirty years he chaperoned the annual Pierce 
 parties to Moosehead and Rangeley lakes. He was past Emi- 
 nent Commander of the Coeur-de-Lion Commandery of Knights 
 Templar of Charlestown, and an old member of Siloam Lodge 
 of Odd Fellows. He married Annie Kirke of Nova Scotia, and 
 resided in Melrose, Mass. He died in 1900, while attending a 
 convention of butter-makers at Lincoln, Neb. 
 
 Edivi7i F. Pierce, third son of George and Delia (Peck) 
 Pierce, was born July 5, 1839. He went to work for the 
 Heywood Chair Company in Gardner when fourteen years 
 old, and then to Springfield, Mass., where he was employed in 
 the United States Armory for two or three years. He then 
 
THE PIERCE FAMILY 271 
 
 went back into the chair business with Parker, White & Co., 
 in their Boston store. He went to Chicago about 1864, and 
 started a store, where he remained until 1871, when he sold 
 out the spring before the great fire and returned to Boston, 
 where he has ever since been engaged in the wholesale 
 jobbing business in chairs. He married Elnora E. Barrett, 
 of South Hadley, Mass., in 1868, and married, second, Sarah 
 E. Davis in 1891, at Somerville, Mass. They have cwo 
 daughters: Mary Ellen Pierce and Margaret Pierce. 
 
 Warren Albert Pierce, fourth son of George and Delia 
 (Peck) Pierce, was born Nov. 28, 1840. When he first left 
 home he was employed in the store of Oakes and Newton in 
 Athol. He then went west, where he was a traveling sales- 
 man in the boot and shoe business for many years. He 
 married Fannie Lay of Chicago, which was their home there- 
 after. He died in March, 1912 and Mrs. Pierce in 1915. 
 
 Delia M. Pierce, only daughter of George and Delia (Peck) 
 Pierce, was born in Royalston Sept. 29, 1844. She was for 
 several years a well-known teacher in the schools of Royalston 
 and Athol, and it was while a teacher in the Athol schools 
 that she became acquainted with Lucien Lord, a prominent 
 young man of Athol, to whom she was married Sept. 31, 1868. 
 
 She was for many years one of the leading women of 
 Athol, and the beautiful home of Mr. and Mrs. Lord on 
 Chestnut Hill Avenue became a popular center of social life, 
 where frequent gatherings of their church and Sunday school 
 were held, and where all of their many guests were enter- 
 tained in a most hospitable and generous manner. From the 
 organization of the Second Unitarian Church, Mrs. Lord was 
 one of the most active and prominent members of that 
 church, and also of the Woman's Alliance connected with it, 
 and all the interests of those organizations received from her 
 the heartiest support. She was also a charter member of the 
 Athol Woman's Club in which she always took a deep interest. 
 Mr. and Mrs. Lord had two children: a son, Edwin Everett, 
 born in 1869 and died in 1874, and a daughter, Delia Eliza- 
 beth, born Feb. 9, 1878. She married Carl Fletcher of Athol, 
 Oct. 8, 1901, and their home was in Baldwinville, where Mrs. 
 Fletcher died July 20, 1903. Mrs. Delia (Peirce) Lord, died 
 March 6, 1915. 
 
2J2 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 Leonard T. Pierce, fifth son of George and Delia Pierce, 
 was born in Royalston, July 25, 1874. He went to work for 
 his brother Lyman E. in Boston, and after five or six years 
 returned to Royalston. 
 
 He was a locomotive engineer and was employed on the 
 Fitchburg Railroad for about ten years. 
 
 Webster E. Pierce, youngest child of George and Delia 
 Pierce, was born in 1851. He has always been engaged in the 
 chair business. Previous to the great fire of 1871, he was in 
 business in Chicago; since that time has been connected with 
 his brother, Edwin F., in Boston. He married Sadie E. 
 Sanborn; they have no children. 
 
 THE PERKINS FAMILY 
 
 A family that has exerted a great influence for good, not 
 only on the people of Royalston and their sons and daughters, 
 but has carried cheer and help to the uttermost parts of the 
 world, is the family of the loved second pastor of the old 
 First Congregational Church of Royalston, Rev. Ebenezer 
 Perkins. Probably in no other family connected with Royal- 
 ston history is the great principle of heredity more strikingly 
 illustrated than in various members of this family. The 
 ancestors of this family, David Perkins and Nabby Conant 
 of Beverly, Mass., were married there Nov. 2, 1783. Ebenezer 
 Perkins was their fourth child, and was born in Topsfield, 
 Mass., July 4, 1794. He was graduated at Dartmouth 
 College and afterwards studied for the ministry. He was 
 ordained, and settled at Royalston in 1819. That same year 
 he had married Am.elia Parish, the daughter of Rev. Ariel 
 Parish, D.D. of Manchester, Mass. He lived in Royalston 
 all the rest of his life, having no other pastorate than the one 
 at this place. He was minister of the church for twenty- 
 eight years. 
 
 A granddaughter in writing of him says: "It may be 
 interesting to note that this pastor, whose salary never 
 exceeded $600 a year, sent three of his sons through college. 
 After his eldest boy reached the age of seven, his salary was 
 reduced to $500, so that the children 'should not grow up in 
 idleness.' " The children of Rev. Ebenezer and Amelia 
 
THE pt;rxins family 273 
 
 (Parisli) Perkins were: Ariel Ebenezer Parish, born Oct. 11, 
 1820; Hannah Amelia, born Jan. It), 1822; Mary Colman, 
 born June 14, 1823; Daniel Choate, l^orn Nov. 10, 1825; 
 Benjamin Conant, born Jan. 23, 1827; Joseph Lee, born Nov, 
 20, 1828; Arai-ette -GreenJeaf, born April 29, 1832, 
 
 Rev. Dr. Ariel E. P. Perhuis, the oldest son of Rev. 
 Ebenezer and Amelia (Parish) Perkins, was born in Royalston, 
 •Oct. 11, 1820. He attended the town schools, studied with 
 his father, and entered Phillips Andover Academy, was graduated 
 at Amherst College in 1840, and prepared for the ministry in 
 the theological school at Andover, Mass. He was teacher in 
 an academy at Keene, N. H., after spending a year of study 
 with his father. While in Keene he was tutored by Rev. Z. L. 
 Barstow, D.D., who gave him the fruit of his years of 
 experience. He was ordained at Phillipston, Mass., and 
 settled as pastor over the Congregational church of that 
 town Sept. 18, 1844, which he sei-ved until May, 1855. In 
 September of that year he received a call to the pastorate of 
 the Congregational Church at Ware, Mass., which he accepted 
 arnd commenced his pastorate Dec, 5, 1855, and after a 
 service of thirty years as pastor retired, and went to Worcester 
 to live, where he died June 27, 1899, 
 
 Dr. Perkins was a type of the old-fashioned New Eng- 
 lander, thoroughly orthodox, but not dogmatic or illiberal, and 
 his sermons were of the kind that became thoroughly instilled 
 into the minds of his hearers. He was one of the corporate 
 members of the American Board of Foreign Missions. He 
 received the degree of D.D. from Williams College in 1870. 
 In 1851 he married Emily Pearson of Hanover, N. H., who 
 died four years later, and in 1856 he married Susan 0. Poor, 
 daughter of Henry Poor of Peabody, Mass. 
 
 His children by Emily (Pearson) Perkins were: Edward, 
 born Sept. 17, 1851, died Oct. 2, 1851; Herbert Boardman, 
 born June 24, 1853, he was graduated at the Mass. Institute of 
 Technology, was Professor of Mathematics in Lawrence 
 University, Appleton, Wis., and later Throop Institute, 
 Pasadena, Cal., where he still lives, having retired from 
 teaching. 
 
 Children by Susan (Poor) Perkins: Henry Poor, born 
 Dec. 24, 1856, was graduated at Williams College and Hartford 
 Theological Seminary, missionary in North China until 1910; 
 
274 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 now living in Arkansas with a son; Charles Albert, born Oct. 31, 
 1858, was graduated at Williams College and Johns Hopkins 
 University, Professor of Electrical Engineering at University 
 of Tennesee. Rose Standish, married Dr. L. M. Nason and 
 with him living in Worcester; Daniel Choate. born July 21, 
 1864, died Jan 1, 1870; Franklin Parish, bom Aug. 15, 1866, 
 died March 8, 1870; Alfred Pearson, born Sept. 15, 1868, 
 was graduated at Williams College, Field Secretary of National 
 U. S. Chamber of Commerce. 
 
 Sketches of Daniel Choate Perkins and Benjamin Conant 
 Perkins will be found in the chapter on Medical and Legal 
 Profession. 
 
 Hannah Amelia Perkins, oldest daughter of Rev. Ebenezer 
 and Amelia (Parish) Perkins married Rev. Charles Louis 
 Woodworth, Nov. 28, 1854. He was a graduate of Amherst 
 College, a teacher in the Royalston schools, and became a 
 prominent Congregational minister. He was Chaplain of the 
 27th Mass. Regiment in the Civil War, Secretary of the 
 American Missionary Association and the author of several 
 books. They had five children, and resided for many years in 
 Watertown, Mass. Mr. Woodworth was present at the 
 Centennial Anniversary in 1865 and responded to the toast, 
 "the fellows who stole the hearts of our daughters.^' 
 
 Annette Greenleaf Perkins, youngest child of Rev. 
 Ebenezer Perkins, born April 29, 1832, married Nov. 25, 1854 
 Horatio Danforth Newton. They had four children. 
 
 Joseph Lee Perkins, youngest son of Rev. Ebenezer and 
 Amelia (Parish) Perkins, was born in Royalston, Nov. 20, 
 1828. He was the only one of the four sons to remain in 
 Royalston. He attended school in his native town and at 
 Phillipston. He was married Jan. 3, 1855 to Flora H. Perry 
 of Royalston. When a young man he worked in Phillipston 
 and Athol. In Royalston he was engaged in the lumber 
 business. He moved to Fitchburg in 1870, where he was 
 bookkeeper for the New England Machine Co., managed by 
 Sylvanus Sawyer, and later he was engaged in the real 
 estate business with Asa S. Lawton for twenty years. He 
 was a member of the R oilstone Congregational Church, and a 
 constant attendant at its services. He died Dec. 5, 1890, 
 and his wife Flora H. Perkins died July 23, 1907. The 
 
THE PERKINS FAMILY 275 
 
 children of Joseph Lee and Flora H. (Perry) Perkins, all 
 of whom were born in Royalston were: 
 
 Josephine L. Perkins, born in Royalston Jan. 22, 1856. 
 She was for a number of years a teacher in South Africa. 
 She married Rev. Wm, 0. Ballantine, M.D. of India, where 
 they have been engaged in missionary work ever since. They 
 have five children, Joseph H., AHce J., Benj. D., Henry F., 
 and John P. 
 
 Joseph H. and Alice who married Max David Kerjassoff, 
 live in Tokio, Japan; the other boys are, one in the Philippines, 
 a second attending school in Boston and the third is a student 
 in Harvard College. Julia A. Perkins, born in Royalston, 
 June 30, 1858, married Nov. 20, 1889 Charles A. Willey of 
 New York, and their home is in Flushing, N. Y.; they have 
 no children. 
 
 Benjamin H. Perkins, born Jan. 18, 1863, married May W. 
 Brown of Nantucket, Jan. 6, 1897; they have three children: 
 Benj. C, Henry C, and Mary C. Mr Perkins is one of the 
 leading boot and shoe dealers of Fitchburg. 
 
 Joseph Frederick Perkins, was born in Royalston, Feb. 2, 
 1865. He was educated at Williams College and Hartford 
 Theological Seminary. He was for four years a Missionary of the 
 Presbyterian Board in Brazil, South America, and married in 
 1893 Gertrude Storrs of Hartford. Conn. He died Sept. 23, 
 1895. 
 
 THE NEWTON FAMILY 
 
 Richard Neuion, the immigrant ancester of the Newton 
 family of Royalston, was born in England about 1601. He 
 was one of the early settlers of Sudbury, Mass., and was a 
 proprietor of that town as early as 1639. 
 
 Nathan Brigham Newton, son of Hezekiah Newton, was 
 the first of the Newton family to settle in Royalston. He 
 was born in Rutland, Mass., March 28, 1760. When young 
 he resided at Rutland and Paxton. He was a cordwainer 
 or shoemaker by trade, and was a soldier in the Revolution, 
 a fifer in Captain Joshua Whitney's company, Colonel 
 Josiah Whitney's regiment, in 1778, at the Rhode Island 
 campaign. In 1786 he bought a farm of fifty-one acres of 
 
276 HISTORY OF ROTALSTO-lSr 
 
 Nathan and Nabby Wheeler in Royalston, and probably 
 moved there soon after. The Royalston Memorial of 1865 
 says that he "first settled on the west bank of the Lawrence^ 
 near where Deacon Partridge now lives. He afterwards 
 removed and located on the highlands east of the river 
 where now stands the goodly farmhouse and buildings of 
 his son, Col. Elmer Newton," 
 
 He married Mary Stewart, and had a family of twelve 
 children as follows: Danforth, bom Sept. 13, 1781, died 
 Sept. 19, 1803; Willard, born March 6, 1783; George, born 
 May 16, 1785; Hezekiah, born Feb. 12, 1787; Haniet, born 
 Jan. 25, 1789; Sophia, born June 1, 1791; Elmer, born April 
 17, 1793; Phinehas, born Feb, 28, 1795; Lucinda, bom July 8, 
 1797, married Ephraim Mirick, Jr., of Princeton, Nov. 2, 1819; 
 Mary, born July 15, 1800, man-ied John Whitney of Prince- 
 ton, Sept. 17, 1822; Horatio, born June 11, 1803; Lucy, born 
 June 16, 1804, married Bamett Bullock Nov. 27, 1828, 
 Nathan Brigham Newton, ched Dec. 18, 1843; his Avife died 
 Dec. 15, 1842, aged 82 years. 
 
 George Newton, third son of Nathan Brigham, bom May 16, 
 1785, died June 6, 1817, and Horatio died in infancy; Harriet, 
 the oldest daughter of Nathan Brigham and Mary (Stewart) 
 Newton, married Calvin Bullock of Princeton, Nov. 13, 
 1813; Sophia mamed John Fay of Camden, District of Maine, 
 Oct. 8, 1816. 
 
 Willard Newton, second son of Nathan Brigham and Mary 
 (Stewart) Newton, was bom March 6, 1783. He married, 
 Dec. 10, 1811, Phebe Emerson of Royalston. Their children 
 born in Royalston were: Horatio Danforth, Nancy Emerson, 
 Lucy, who married Wheeler Poland of W^inchendon, George, 
 who went to Missouri, and Phoebe, who dropped dead 
 while combing her hair when she was nineteen years old. 
 
 Horatio Danforth Newton, son of Willard Newton, was 
 born in Royalston, Oct. 5, 1812. He married Nov. 25, 1851, 
 Annette Perkins, daughter of Rev. Ebenezer Perkins. Their 
 children were: Willard Hazen, Ebenezer Perkins, Horatio 
 Standish, Annette G. 
 
 Willard Hazen Newton, son of Horatio Danforth Newton, 
 was born in Royalston, Oct. 18, 1857. He attended the 
 pubhc schools of his native town. During his youth he 
 assisted his father in farming and lumbering, and later in 
 
COLONEL ELMER NEWTON 
 
THE NEWTON FAMILY 277 
 
 life became a farmer and lumberman, carrying on a large 
 business in the manufacture and selling of lumber and wood; 
 he is a member of the firm of Newton & Davis. He has 
 served on the board of school committee, and been road 
 commissioner. He married Oct. 1, 1878, Stella Partridge, 
 daughter of J. Milton Partridge of Royalston. They have 
 one son, Leon Willard, born Dec. 27, 1884. He attended 
 Cushing Academy, and is engaged in the teaming business. 
 
 Ehenezer Perkins Newton, born Aug. 18, 1858, always 
 lived on the home place; he was married Aug. 23, 1911, to 
 Florence M. Robbins of Worcester. He died Dec. 28, 1912. 
 
 Horatio Standish Newton, born May 11, 1866, married 
 April 22, 1894, Mary E. Russell, and they have one son, 
 Edgar Horatio, born March 31, 1898. Annette G. Newton, 
 born June 25, 1868, married Charles L. Mayne; they live 
 in Coffeeville, Kansas, and have one son, Joseph Ford Mayne, 
 born July 19, 1897. 
 
 Col. Elmer Newton, fifth son of Nathan Brigham and 
 Mary (Stewart) Newton, was born at Royalston, April 17, 
 1793. He succeeded to the fine farm of his father, which was 
 his home during a long life, in which he was identified with 
 the interests of the town and church, and was one of Royal- 
 ston's worthiest citizens, holding many positions of trust 
 and honor. He died March 26, 1880 at the age of almost 
 eighty-seven years. Resolutions on his death were voted 
 at the annual town meeting as follows: 
 
 "Whereas Divine Providence has just removed from us by 
 death one of our ol le.-st, best known and worthiest townsmen, 
 Col. Elmer Newton, therefore. Resolved that we the citizens 
 of Royalston in town meeting assembled on the fifth day of 
 April, 1880, do hereby express our sincere sense of a great 
 loss in the decease of so valuable a fellow citizen, so long and 
 so thoroughly identified with the interests of the town." 
 
 He married Adaline Estabrook of Holden, Dec. 30, 1822. 
 Their children, all born in Royalston were: Sophia Fay, born 
 Oct. 25, 1824; Charles Homer, born May 13, 1828; Phinehas 
 Stewart, born Aug. 20, 1832; Martha Jones, born May 28, 
 1836; Edward Elmer, born Feb. 5, 1841; George Mirick, born 
 Sept. 7, 1843. Martha Jones Newton and George Mirick 
 Newton both died young. 
 
2^8 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 Charles H. Newton, oldest son of Col. Elmer Newton, was 
 born May 13, 1828. He received his education in the public 
 schools of Royalston, at Westminster Academy and a school 
 at Worcester. After completing his education and soon 
 after becoming of age he bought out the general store of 
 Joseph Estabrook on the Common and associated his brother 
 Phinehas S. Newton with him, and they conducted for many 
 years the store and a palm leaf hat business, Charles looking 
 after the home business and Phinehas driving a team through 
 quite a number of Massachusetts and New Hampshire towns, 
 dealing with the women and children who braided hats and 
 wove shaker hoods. He was postmaster of the Royalston 
 Post Office from 1856 to 1870 and town clerk 1855 to 1865. 
 In 1870 the store was sold to Obadiah Walker, and Charles 
 H. Newton moved to Fitchburg, becoming a member of the 
 Fitchburg Flour Co., in which he remained as long as the 
 company continued in business. He then entered the Beovil 
 mills as bookkeeper, and later became treasurer of the company, 
 remaining in the company until the mill was sold to the 
 American Woolen Co., a period of twenty-three years. He 
 was beloved and respected by many friends and was an 
 esteemed member of the Rollstone Congregational Church 
 of Fitchburg. He married Harriet Meade of Worcester, 
 who died April 11, 1886. He married, second, Aug. 4, 1889, 
 Adelle Estabrook, daughter of Samuel Estabrook of Ashby, 
 Mass. The children of Charles H. and Harriet (Meade) 
 Newton were: Charles M., born June 20, 1856; Homer E., 
 born May 10, 1860, died June 5, 1876 and Llewellyn, born 
 July 20, 1865, died March 21, 1871. The children of Charles 
 H. and Adelle (Estabrook) Newton were Ruth, Doris and 
 
 Phinehas Stewart. Mr. Newton died . 
 
 Phinehas S. Newton, third son of Col. Elmer and Adaline 
 (Estabrook) Newton, was born in Royalston, Aug. 20, 1833, 
 and was educated in the public schools of his native town 
 and at Westminster Academy. He was associated with his 
 brother Charles H. in a general store business on the Common 
 for many years, and also in the palm leaf hat business; when 
 the store was sold in 1870 Phinehas retained the palm leaf 
 business, and had a factory near the blacksmith shop. For 
 many years he drove a team through the neighboring towns 
 of Massachusetts and the towns of southern New Hampshire, 
 
ED\VARD ELMER NEWTON 
 
 PHINEHAS S. NEWTON 
 
 CHARLES H. NEWTON 
 
THE NEWTON FAMILY 279 
 
 delivering palm leaf to the women folks who braided it into 
 hats. He was also connected with George B. Burnett in 
 the palm leaf business with a factory in Amherst, Mass. and 
 a store in New York City. He has always lived on the 
 home place, which is one of the few farms in town owned 
 and occupied by a member of the family originally settling 
 the place. He is a Republican and was elected Represen- 
 tative to the Legislature for this district in 1898. In 1911 
 he presented the town of Royalston with a public library 
 building which cost $10,000, and which bears the name of 
 the Phinehas S. Newton Library. He was never married. 
 
 Edward Elmer Newton, was born Feb. 5, 1841. He 
 married Martha Cole of Westmoreland, N. H., and was 
 settled on the home farm where he spent his life. He died 
 March 17, 1887. 
 
 Hezekiah Newton, son of Nathan B. and Mary (Stewart) 
 Newton, was born in Royalston, Feb. 12, 1787. He left 
 his Royalston home about 1808 and went to Boston, where 
 he was engaged in mercantile business until 1832 when he 
 returned to Royalston, and bought the place now the summer 
 home of Miss Edith Metcalf; the original owner of this farm 
 was Major John Norton. Although having but a limited 
 school education he acquired by reading and association with 
 educated people a large fund of available knowledge, which 
 made him a valuable and respected citizen. He was very 
 fond of farming; and working with more vigor than discretion, 
 became disabled in his fifty-fifth year. He died ten years later, 
 Oct. 26, 1852, at his home in Royalston. He was married in 
 Boston, July 20, 1817 to Ehza Lewis; she was born in Danvers, 
 July 29, 1788 and died in Leominster, Jan. 7, 1862. 
 
 Their children were: EHza Lewis, born in Boston, Feb. 23 
 1819; she died in Leominster, April 8, 1861, unmarried; 
 Harriet Bullock, born in Boston, March 31, 1821, died in 
 Boston, May 14, 1825; George Brigham, born in Boston, 
 March 17, 1823, married Jane Stone, Marblehead, Feb. 26, 
 1852, died in Marblehead, Jan. 12, 1897; Mary Stewart, born 
 in Boston, May 16, 1825, died in Brookline, Mass. June 25> 
 1877, unmarried; William Lewis, born in Boston, Jan. 5 
 1828, died in Boston Oct. 12, 1829; Wm. Lewis born in 
 Boston, June 13, 1830, died in Boston, Sept. 23, 1830; 
 Harriet Bullock, born in Royalston, April 13, 1832 married 
 
280 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 Daniel W. Phelps of Leominster, Aug. 26, 1857, died in 
 Brookline, Mass., Jan. 5, 1890; Gorhani Palfrey, born in 
 Royalston, June 3, 1874, died in Royalston, May 27, 1850; 
 Sara Derby, born in Royalston, Mar. 11, 1837. Died in 1915. 
 George Brigham Newton, son of Hezekiah Newton, was 
 born March 17, 1823. The limitations of his early years for- 
 bade his having a liberal education, and he chose a mercan- 
 tile life; after spending four years preparing for it in the 
 country stores of Royalston he went to Boston where he 
 had a position in the same line of business. Later he engaged 
 in the shoe industry in Marblehead, Mass. He died Jan. 
 12, 1897. 
 
 THE CUTLER FAMILY 
 
 An old Royalston family of which there are no representa- 
 tives bearing the family name in town to-day, but which by 
 marriage became interwoven with many of the old and 
 prominent families of the town, and has sent out members, 
 who have become distinguished in other communities, is the 
 Cutler family. The first of the family to become connected 
 with Royalston history was Jonathan Cutler, second child of 
 Ebenezer Cutler of Sutton, and who was baptized there Oct. 3, 
 1737. He married Elizabeth Holman, daughter of Stephen 
 Holman of Sutton, Oct. 20, 1757. He settled in Royalston 
 sometime between 1764 and 1768. He died in Royalston, 
 Sept. 27, 1826, nearly 90 years of age. His wife Elizabeth 
 died Feb. 9, 1819 at the age of 84. He and his eldest son, 
 Ebenezer Cutler, were both soldiers in the Revolutionary War. 
 
 The children of Jonathan and Elizabeth (Holman) Cutler 
 were: Mary, born Dec. 28, 1758 in Sutton, married Nathan 
 Thompson, Nov. 22, 1781, and settled in western New York; 
 Ebenezer, born 1760 in Sutton, died in Huntington, Vermont, 
 1843; Elizabeth, born Oct. 26, 1762 in Sutton, married Isaac 
 Gale of Royalston, Nov. 16, 1782, and had seven children; 
 Jonathan, born Oct. 6, 1764 at Sutton, died July 9, 1842; 
 Sarah, born April 25, 1768 in Royalston, married Judah 
 Stockwell of Royalston, and had nine children; Hannah 
 (twin of the preceding), born April 25, 1768, died May 12, 
 following; Tarrant, born Sept. 10, 1771 in Royalston; Hannah, 
 
THE CUTXER FAMILY 281 
 
 foorn Feb., 1774, died Aug. 6, 1778; Mehitable, born July 1, 
 1776 in Royalston, married Moses Nichols of Royalston, May 
 
 19, 1802, and had six children. 
 
 Tarrant Cutler, seventh child of Jonathan Cutler was 
 born in Royalston, Sept. 10, 1771. He settled there and was 
 a farmer. He was one of the assessors of the town for ten 
 years, between 1815 and 1829 inclusive. 
 
 He married Lydia, daughter of Levi Whitney, of Harvard, 
 Mass., in 1796. He died at Royalston, June 13, 1842 at the 
 age of 70 years. The children of Tarrant and Lydia 
 (Whitney) Cutler were: Sarah, born April 19, 1798; she 
 married Benjamin Heywood at Royalston, Sept. 7, 1819. 
 She died Aug. 14, 1860. She had seven children: Melinda, 
 born March 16, 1800, married Abijah Richardson at Royalston 
 April 1, 1834; he died June 26, 1869, and she married (second) 
 Benoni Peck; she had three children by her first husband; 
 John, born Oct. 13, 1802, died Feb. 9, 1861; Lijsander, l)orn 
 Feb. 16, 1807, died July 30, 1866; Lydia, born March 27., 1809, 
 died Sept. 6, 1812, unmarried; Levi, born Aug. 7, 1811, died 
 Aug. 13, 1881; Tarrant, born Sept. 8, 1813; George, born July 
 
 20, 1815, resided at Bangor, Maine, and died May 19, 1906; 
 Otis, born (3ct. 17, 1817, died May 27, 1868. 
 
 Tarrant Cutler, ' seventh child of Tarrant and Lydia 
 (Whitney) Cutler, was born in Royalston, Sept. 8, 1813. He 
 was educated and brought up in his native town, where he 
 was engaged most of his life as a farmer. He represented the 
 town in the Legislature of 1855, and also served the town a'^ 
 Selectman and in other town offices. He died June 11, 1898, 
 in Fitchburg. 
 
 In 1869 he removed to Fitchburg and entered the grocery 
 business with his son, George H., under the firm name of 
 G. H. & T. Cutler. He married first, Harriet Fairbanks of 
 Athol, March 25, 1839. He married (second) Mary P. Gale, 
 daughter of Jonathan and Martha P. Gale of Royalston, 
 June 25, 1849. Children of Tarrant and Harriet (Fairbanks) 
 Cutler were: Jane L., born Sept. 26, 1840, died Aug. 22, 
 1889; she was a teacher in the public schools; George H., 
 born April 2, 1845. Children of Tarrant and Mary P. (Gale) 
 Cutler were: Charles E., born April 26, 1850, died Aug. 23, 
 1852; Mary E., born July 20, 1861. 
 
282 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 George H. Cutler, second cliild of Tarrant and Harriet 
 (Fair])anks) (\itlcr, was born in Royalston, April 2, 1845. 
 He attended the district schools of his native town, and 
 when a young man went to Fitchburg and started in the fish 
 business. After a few years his father came to Fitchburg, 
 and they became partners in the grocery business. Since 
 the death of his father in 1898, he has carried on the business 
 alone. He is a trustee of the Fitchburg Savings Bank, a 
 director in the Orswell Mills, Nockege Mills, and the Brown 
 Bag Machine Co. He attends the Congregational Church 
 and is a member of the Order of Knights of Pythias. He 
 never married. 
 
 John Cutler, oldest son of Tarrant and Lydia (Whitney) 
 Cutler, married Elizabeth Jacobs, March 7, 1828. He went 
 to Bangor Me., wdiere he l^ecame a prominent business man. 
 His son, Hon. John L. Cutler, was a large lumber dealer, was 
 Representative in the Maine Legislature, also in the Senate, of 
 which he was president in 1883. 
 
 George Cutler, fifth son of Tarrant and Lydia (Whitney) 
 Cutler, went to Bangor, Me., where he was a prominent 
 business man and active politician. He was a Representative 
 in the Maine Legislature, and was noted as a campaign 
 orator. 
 
 Otis Cutler, youngest son of Tarrant and Lydia (Whitney) 
 Cutler, also went to Maine where he became a prominent 
 business man and was Customs House appraiser in Portland. 
 
LYMAN PECK 
 
 LOVINA (DAVIS) PECK 
 
CHAPTER XII 
 OLD ROYALSTON FAMILIES 
 
 THE PECK FAMILY 
 
 The Peck family -of Royalston is one of the most extensive 
 famiUes of the town, the nuraljer of Pecks born in Royalston 
 during the first one huntlred years of its history being ex- 
 ceeded by only one or two families in town; and from its 
 meml^ers have come some of the most distinguished sons of 
 Royalston. 
 
 The family dates back through over twenty generations to 
 John Peck of Belton, Yorkshire, England, and the motto on 
 the family coat-of-arms, "Probitatem cjuam divitos" — 
 "'probity rather than riches" — has characterized many of the 
 descendants. The first American ancestor was Joseph Peck, 
 who, fleeing frcm Hingham, Ergland, to avoid religious 
 persecution, can:e to Plymouth Colony in 1638, and settled 
 in Rehoboth, Mass. The first member of the family to 
 settle in Royalston was Daniel Peck, a descendant of Joseph 
 Peck. He came to Royalston from Rehoboth about 1775, 
 and settled in the west part of the town on what has since 
 been known as the Harvey W. Bliss place. He was an in- 
 dustrious and enterprising farmer. Married Relief Joy of 
 Rehoboth, Nov. 7, 1771, and died in Royalston in 1814. She 
 died in 1832. They had thirteen children: Daniel, Ichabod, 
 Sally, Solomon, Royal, Calvin, Sally, Moses, Rebeckah, 
 Charlott, Lydia, Relief and Huldah. Daniel Peck, son of 
 Daniel and Relief (Joy) Peck was born in Rehoboth, Feb. 6, 
 1772, and came to Royalston with liis parents about 1775. 
 He was a farmer and married Delia Gale of Royalston, April 
 27, 1795. They had thirteen children, all born in Royalston: 
 Rulina, born Feb. 13, 1796; Chauncey, born March 2, 1797; 
 Pomroy, born Feb. 16, 1799; Harriet, born Sept. 13, 1800; 
 Mary, born Oct. 19, 1803; Lyman, born Feb. 11, 1804; 
 Sullivan, l)orn March 27, 1806; Hannah F., born May 30, 
 1809; Elvira, liorn May 14, 1811; Elsa S., born March 11, 
 1813; Delia, born Jan. 14, 1815; Huldah C, born Feb. 9, 
 
284 HI.STORY OF ROYALSTON" 
 
 1817; Augusta, born April 13, 1820. Rulina married Hu^lx 
 Foster, March 2, 1818; Chauncey Peck married Jemima Bush, 
 daughter of Ephraim Bush of Templeton, Mass., June 13, 
 1824 and removed to Boston; Pomroy Peck married Amanda 
 Searls of Sutton, Mass., where they settled; Harriet married 
 Daniel Bliss, Oct. 11, 1821; Mary mamecl Rev. Timothy 
 Crosby, 1831. 
 
 It was Daniel Peck, the father of these thirteen children 
 when asked how many children he had, replied "three bushels 
 and a peck." 
 
 Lyman Peck settled in Royalston: he married Lorina Davis 
 of Royalsion for his firet wife, and Fanny Harrington, widow of 
 Abraham Harrington, for his secon I \nfe, Dec. 6, 1860. His 
 first wife died May 9, 1860, and he died Dec. 2, 1862. Lyman 
 Peck and Lorina Davis had nine children. 
 
 Wayland F. Peck, born Nov. 2, 1830, married Mary 
 Burnett and resided in Athol, Mass.; Philander L. Peck,, 
 born May, 1832, mamed Rosanna Lewis and resided in 
 Royalston. Eugene F. Peck, born Dec, 1833, married 
 Rosina Glaze and settled in Ohio; Wiliard born, Dec, 1835 
 and died the same month; Polina L., born April 12, 1838> 
 married Noah Rankin of Erving, which has been her home to 
 the present time; Nelson F., born July, 1840; Joseph W., 
 born March, 1842, married Rosy Mayo and settled in Orange, 
 Mass.; Daniel W., born April 10, 1843; Lowell H., born 
 October, 1845. 
 
 Sullivan Peck, fourth son of Daniel and DeUa (Gale) Peck, 
 was born in Royalston, March 27, 1806. He was a farmer 
 by vocation and lived on the farm where he was born until 
 January, 1865, when he moved to Burlington, Yt., which was 
 his home until his death. 
 
 He was a man of the strictest integrity, and one whose 
 word was never doubted. He married Czarina Davis, 
 daughter of Joseph Davis of Royalston, May 29, 1831. She 
 was born Aug. 7, 1808. They had seven children: Martha J., 
 born March 10, 1832, married Stephen Gates and resided in 
 Burlington, Vt.; they had two children, Walter B. and Nellie 
 G. Chauncey P. Peck, born April 5, 1834, married Mary 
 Collopy and resided in Burlington; Warren D., born Feb. 28, 
 1836; Elsa J., born July 1, 1878, married Judge A. K. Osborn 
 of Oshkosk, Wis.; Georgianna, born April 23, 1843, married 
 
HAMILTON S. PECK 
 
THE PECK FAMILY 285 
 
 Henry A. Gale of Barre, Mass.; Hammond W., 1)orn Sept. 28, 
 1847, resides in Dakota. 
 
 Hamilton Sullivan Peck, third son of Sullivan and Czarina 
 (Davis) Peek, was born in Royalston, Mass., Oct. 22, 1845. 
 He went with his father and family to Burlington, Vt., in 
 1865 and entered the University of Vermont in 1866, where he 
 was graduated in 1870. He taught school for three years, and 
 at the same time pursued the study of the law. He was 
 admitted to the Bar of Chittenden County, Vermont, April, 
 1873, and has continued to reside in the city of Burlington 
 in said County, practising his profession. He was State 
 Attorney for Chittenden County for two years, 1878-80; 
 Alderman of his city, 1883-85; City Judge, 1888-1894; 
 Mayor, 1896-98, being elected in 1897 without opposition, 
 and City Representative to the Vermont Legislature in 1910. 
 He was a member and secretary of the Republican State 
 Committee of Vermont for four years, 1892-96 and Presi- 
 dent of the State Republican League, 1896-98. He is a 
 33d Degree Mason and an honorary member of the Supreme 
 Council, and a member of the Mystic Shrine. He is also a 
 member of the hidependent Order of Odd Fellows, erf the 
 Knights of Pythias, of the Modern Woodmen of America, and 
 of the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, and of the 
 Ethan Allen Club, a social organization of his city. He has 
 attended several of the "Old Home Week" reunions held in 
 his native town, and at one of these gatherings mxde an 
 address on "The Early New England Home." Miy 1, 1900, 
 a day yearly observed by the University of Vermotit, called 
 "Founder's Day," Mr. Peck delivered an oration before the 
 faculty, students and townspeople, taking for his subject, "The 
 Expression of the University Idea." 
 
 On January 28, 1875, he married Miss Selina A. Aiken, 
 daughter of Hon. D. W. Aiken of Hardwick, Vt. They have 
 one child, Dr. Roy Hamilton Peck, a physician. Li 1911 Dr. 
 Peck married Miss Alice J. Campljell of Baltimore, Md., and 
 they reside in Springfield, Mass. 
 
 Mr. Peck has been active in the social and civic affairs of 
 his adopted city, and has been a frequent contributor to the 
 columns of the Burlington Daily Free Press, on subjects of 
 public concern. 
 
286 HISTORY OF KOYALSTON 
 
 Hannah F. Peck, daughter of Daniel and Delia (Gale) 
 Peck, married Elisha M. Davis, June 14, 1829; Elvira 
 Peek, married George Batchelor, November, 1837; Delia 
 married George Pierce, May 5, 1835; Huldah C., married 
 Emory April, 1846; Augusta, married George Gil)son. 
 
 THE SOLOMON PECK FAMILY 
 
 Solomon Peck, son of Henry of Rehoboth, came to Royal- 
 ston and settled in 1779. He at first purchased about thirty 
 acres of land to which, by enterprise and industry, he added 
 much. He married Anna Wheeler in July, 1772. She died 
 Nov. 10, 1810, and he died Nov. 14, 1822. They had thirteen 
 children, all horn in Royalston. 
 
 Benoni Peck, third son of Solomon and Anna (Wheeler) 
 Peck, was born in Royalston, July 27, 1783. He settled upon 
 the old homestead w^here he resided until 1862, when he 
 removed to Fitzwilliam, N. H. He had a military commission 
 and was called into the service in the war of 1812. He 
 continually held some public office in his town for many years, 
 and represented it in the State Legislature in 1836 and 1837. 
 Was Selectman from 1836 to 1840 inclusive, and in 1843. 
 Was Assessor in 1819, 1820, 1827, 1820, 1836, 1840. He was 
 Justice of the Peace for more than forty years and transacted 
 Inisiness when over eighty years of age with the vigor of 
 middle age. He also devoted much of his time to probate 
 business, administrating upon and settling the estates of 
 deceased persons in all the region aroiuid. He also took an 
 active interest in Free Masonry of which frat(>rnity he was a 
 picmir.ent member for more than sixty years. He was twice 
 married; first to Eunice Rogers, May 4, 1808; second to 
 Malinda Richards. His first wife diecl March 3, 1853. She 
 was the daughter of Eliphalet Rogers of Royalston, who was 
 a grandson of Rev. John Rogers, pastor of the First Ghurch 
 in Ipswich, and President of Harvard College, who died July 
 2, 1684, and a lineal descendant of Rev. John Rogers, the 
 martyr, who was burned at the stake at Smithfield, England. 
 
 The children of Benoni and Eunice (Rogers) Peck were: 
 Caroline, born June 16, 1809, married Josiah Parker and 
 settled in Ashland, Mass. She died in 1854, leaving six 
 
BENONI PECK 
 
THE PECK FAMILY 287 
 
 children: Philip, born Jan. 16, 1812, settled in Walpole, 
 N. H., where he was a merchant. He married Martha Ellen 
 Bellows, daughter of Thomas Bellows, Nov. 21, 1839; they 
 had two children: Levi, born Aug. 31, 1814, made his home in 
 Chelsea, Mass., and was engaged in mercantile business in 
 Boston. He married Lucy M. Whitcomb, daughter of Mark 
 Whitcomb, of Winchendon, Mass., Dec. 2, 1844; they had 
 two children. James W., born Oct. 9, 1817. He was a mer- 
 chant in Boston for a number of years until his health failed 
 him, when he retired from business, and died in Winchendon, 
 in April, 1860. He married Caroline M. Ladd of Boston, and 
 they had two children; Benjamin, born Fel). 9, 1820, and died 
 in June, 1841; Eliphalet, born March 16, 1822; he married 
 Nancy Smith and resided in Worcester, Mass. Calista Peck, 
 second daughter of Benoni and Eunice (Rogers) Peck, was 
 horn in Royalston, Nov. 7, 1824; she went to Winchendon 
 when about seventeen years of age and worked at the milli- 
 nery business, and later began in a small way to carry on 
 parlor millinery, which she gradually increased, until for 
 many years she owned and carried on one of the largest 
 establishments of the kind in that section of the country. 
 
 She married Levi Nelson Fairbanks, a prosperous carpenter, 
 Jan. 15, 1846. She was always interested in literature, and 
 w£s the first librarian of Winchendon, the library being 
 located in her home. Four children were born to Mr. and 
 Mrs. Fairbanks. The eldest, Frederick, was drowned at Athol, 
 when two years of age. Mary Elizabeth, married Augustus 
 Peck Smith of Orleans, who died Jan. 28, 1903, after which 
 she lived with her mother. Frank P. Fairbanks always lived 
 with his mother. He is a machinist and holds an important 
 position at the shops of Baxter D. Whitney & Son. Grace, 
 the youngest child, married Arthur G. Ketchum of Winchen- 
 don. She died in 1895. Mr. Fairbanks died in 1867 and 
 Mrs. Fairbanks died May 15, 1CG9. Eunice, daughter of 
 Benoni Peck was born June 6, 1827 and died in 1846. 
 
 Henry Peck, youngest son of Benoni Peck, was born in Roy- 
 alston Aug. 2, 1829. He lived most of his life in Winchendon, 
 Mass., where he was engaged in the marble and undertaking 
 business and accumulated quite a property. He married Fran- 
 ces Corey of Fitzvvilliam, N. H., Dec. 31. 1861. They had two 
 
2S8 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 children, Henry Eddie Peck and Fred B. Peck. He died Jan. 
 17, 1888. 
 
 Henry Eddie Peck was born March 5, 1862; he married Jen- 
 nie Diivarny, and they haYC two children, Henry Francis and 
 Kenneth Rupert. 
 
 FredB. P<?cfc was born Oct. 6, 1876; he married Birdye M. 
 Knight, and they have one child, Wallace Knight. 
 
 Henry E. and Fred B. Peck are engaged in the clothing 
 and dry goods business in Winchendon under the firm name of 
 Peck Brothers. 
 
 Mary, the youngest daughter of Benoni Peck was born 
 Oct. 6, 1831 and died in 1855. 
 
 THE JOHN PECK FAMILY 
 
 John^ Peck, son of Henry^ left Kehoboth, and settled 
 in Eoyalston, Mass., about 1775, from which place he re- 
 moved to Montpelier, Vt., in 1806, where he died March 4, 
 1812. He was a farmer, and while he resided in Eoyahton 
 was one of the town officers for many years. He devoted a 
 portion of his time to school teaching, and was cpiite a poet. 
 A poem in opposition to the doctrine of Universal Salvation, 
 said to have been written by him was published in pamphlet 
 form in 1813, and reprinted by John P. Jewett & Co., Boston, 
 in 1858. He married Mary Drown. 
 
 They had eight children, several of whom must have been 
 born in Royalston or lived in town for several years. There 
 were six sons; Joshua the oldest, the Peck Genealogy says, 
 "Settled at first in Royalston, Mass., then in Montpelier, Vt., 
 and afterwards in Clinton, Me., where he died. He was a 
 soldier in the revolution and received a pension during the 
 latter part of his life." Oliver, the second son, died young; 
 Hiram, the third son, settled at an early date in Montpelier, 
 Vt., where he took an active interest in the organization of 
 the town, and was one of the first selectmen. He moved 
 from Montpelier to Waterbury, where he was a prominent 
 man. N'athaniel also settled in Montpelier. He was a 
 farmer and a man much respected and honored in the com- 
 munity where he resided; Squire, fifth son of John and Mary 
 (Drown) Peck, removed from Royalston, with his father to 
 ]\Iontpelier about 1806, where he died August 25, 1838. He 
 
IIKNRY PRCK 
 
 SUI^IvIVAN PKCK 
 
THE PECK FAMILY 289 
 
 niarriocl Elizabeth Goddard June 5, 1704; she died Oct. 4, 
 1834, aged sixty-two years; they had ten children, all but two 
 of whom were born before the family moved to Montpelier. 
 Two of the sons, Nahum and Asahel, were among the most 
 prominent lawyers of Vermont, the latter having been a Judge 
 of the Supreme Court and Governor of the State. Sketches 
 of them will be found in another chapter. 
 
 John Peck, the youngest son of John and Mary (Drown) 
 Peck, settled in Waterbury, Vt. He was known as General 
 Peck, and was said to be a man of much talent. He was for 
 a time High Sheriff of the County, and held other important 
 offices. He married Ann Benedict, and died in 182G. 
 
 THE GATES FAMILY 
 
 The Gates family originated in Thomas Gates, county of 
 Essex, England, in 1327, and is traced in England through 
 ten generations down to Stephen Gates of Hingham, Norfolk 
 County, England, who came to this country in 1638 on the 
 ship. Diligent, and settled in Hingham, Mass. Thomas Gates 
 of Stow, Mass., was a lineal descendant of Stephen Gates of 
 Hingham, fifth generation. He was born June 5, 1755 at Stow, 
 Mass., and died Feb. 14, 1833. He responded to the Lexington 
 alarm and from it enlisted into the army before Boston, and 
 is on the rolls returned at different times from siege of Bos- 
 ton in 1775. 
 
 He married June 4, 1778, Lydia Hale of Stow, Mass., who 
 died June 17, 1817. They had eight children: Levi, Betsey, 
 Sally, Stephen, Hannah, Mary, Jonathan and Lydia. All these 
 children were born at Stow. 
 
 Stepheri Gates, the second son of Thomas and Lydia 
 (Hale) Gates, was born Aug. 27, 1786, and died Oct. 19, 1847 
 at Royalston. He spent the early years of his life in Stow, 
 where he acquired a ccmmon school education, and after at- 
 taining young manhood removed to Townsend, Vt., and after 
 remaining there a few years removed to Koyalston, where he 
 pursued the occupation of farming the remainder of his life. 
 On Sept. 27, 1811, he married Miss Lodema Prentice of Town- 
 send, Vt., where she died June 9, 1815. Two children were 
 born of this marriage, Sophia and Wealthy. He married. 
 
290 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 second, Nov. 23, 1820, Miss Comfort Graves of North Lev- 
 erett, Mass., and to them were born five chikhen: Charles W., 
 Stephen, Lodema, Joel H. and Laura M. Gates. The second 
 wife died at Burlington, Vt., March 25, 1877. Both Mr. 
 Gates and his wife were earnest and consistent members of 
 the Baptist Church of West Royalston. 
 
 (1) Sophia Gates, daughter of Stephen and Lodema (Pren- 
 tice) Gates, born April 23, 1812, died July 11, 1813. 
 
 (2) Wealthy Gates, second daughter of Stephen and Lo- 
 dema (Prentice) Gates, was born Nov. 28, 1814, at Town- 
 send, Vt. She married Sept. 2, 1835, Reuben Newton, who 
 was born May 8, 1811 at Westminster, Mass., and died at 
 Northfield, Mass., Jan. 12, 1864. They had three children: 
 Mary Sophia, born Sept. 6, 1839 at Richmond, N. H., Everett 
 Leander, born Nov., 8, 1845 at Royalston and Fidelia Comfort 
 Newton, born Feb. 8, 1848 at Royalston. 
 
 (3) Charles Whitman Gates, born Oct. 3, 1821 in Royal- 
 ston, married October, 1850, Harriet Bhss, born Fei). 1, 1821. 
 She died July 5, 1884. Their children were: Annie E., born at 
 Royalston, Aug. 22, 1851 and Willie E., born at Athol, May 
 19, 1854. Mr. Gates died May 19, 1884. 
 
 (4) Stephen Gates, born Jan. 2, 1825, at Royalston, died 
 October 19, 1865 at Burlington, Vt., married May 7, 1855, 
 Martha Jane Peck, l)orn March 10, 1832 at Royalston, a 
 daughter of Sullivan Peck. Their children were: W^alter 
 Benton, born Sept. 27, 1860, at Burlington and NeUie Ger- 
 trude born Jan. 27, 1864 at Burlington. 
 
 (5) Loddma, born Nov. 10, 1828, died Dec. 8, 1848. 
 
 (6) Joel H. Gates, youngest son of Stephen and Comfort 
 Gates was born in Royalston, Nov. 22, 1831. He attended 
 the common schools and remained under the parental roof 
 until he attained the age of sixteen years. 
 
 In 1851, when twenty years of age, he went to Brattle- 
 boro, Vt., where he and his brother Stephen commenced the 
 manufacture of furniture, remaining there until 1858, when 
 they removed to Burlington, Vt., and continued the furniture 
 business until 1880. This undertaking was successful from 
 the beginning, and the business steadily increased from year 
 to year; for a number of years they had a large warehouse in 
 Philadelphia, where they employed a large number of hands 
 
THE GATES FAMILY 291 
 
 finishing and shipping their goods to all sections of the United 
 States. 
 
 Mr. Gates resided in Philadelphia from 1860 to 1865, and 
 was engaged in the supervision of this extensive trade. In 
 1880 the furniture business was given up and their mills, 
 changed to the manufacture of cotton goods, and later in 1888 
 a stock company was organized to continue the business, and 
 known as the "Burlington Cotton Mills," Mr. Gates act- 
 ing in the capacity of president of the company. The mills 
 employed about three hundred hands. 
 
 In 1870, Mr. Gates in connection with a number of promi- 
 nent citizens organized the Howard National Bank, which 
 becan:e one of the most flourishing banks in the state of Ver- 
 mont, and was chosen one of its first directors. In 1892, he 
 was elected vice-president, and in 1894 became president. 
 
 In 1902, they erected a granite building, which is one of 
 the finest bank edifices in northern Vermont, Mr. Gates super- 
 vising the entire construction of the building until its com- 
 pletion. This was characteristic of the habits of a lifetime 
 of hard work and frugality which brought their own reward, 
 as Mr. Gates was one of the largest property owners in the 
 city of Burlington, and also one of its most prominent and 
 successful business men. 
 
 He was married, Nov. 22, 1855 to Catherine J. Goodell of 
 Orange, Mass., and the following children were born to them: 
 Arthur, Clarence L., Minnie L., Stephen J. and Katie M. 
 Gates. The mother of these children died Dec. 23, 1892 at 
 Burlington, and he married for his second wife, Mrs. Edwin 
 L. Sanborn of Waterbury, Vt. He died 
 
 THE WCOD FAMILY 
 
 John Wood, the first member of this family to become con- 
 nected with Royalston history, was born in Upton in 1767. 
 In the spring of 1794, Mr. Wood, in company with David and 
 Joel Taft and Levi Fiske all of Upton, bought three hundred 
 and twenty-nine acres of land at two dollars per acre. This 
 purchase, which constituted a part of the "Pierpont Grant," 
 was divided into four lots, upon which they continued to work 
 
2g2 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 in company until they had each prepared homes for their pro- 
 posed families. Fiske sold out his part to Mr. Wood. 
 
 John Wood married Zerviah Woodbury, daughter of Capt. 
 Peter Woodbury, April 26, 1792, and lived on the farm which 
 he had prepared until his death in 1836. They had two sons 
 and three daughters who lived to have families of their own, and 
 two sons and two daughters who died young. 
 
 Sally Wood^ born April 26, 1803, married Dea. Reuben Hyde 
 of Winchendon, Mr. Hyde was the inventor of the stave saw. 
 They left no family, and at their death their property was 
 willed to the American Board of Foreign Missions; Zerviah 
 Eliza Wood, born May 3, 1811 married Isaac Cummings, Jr. of 
 Winchendon, Nov. 6, 1838; they had one son and two daughters; 
 Elmer and Elvira were twins, born, May 19, 1807; Elvira married 
 Emmons Stockwell and they had four sons, two of whom are 
 now living; Elmer, the twin brother married Abigail Brock of 
 Athol; they had a large family, only two of whom are now living. 
 One son, Nelson Brock Wood, died in service in the Civil War. 
 
 John Wood, youngest child of John and Zerviah (Woodbury) 
 Wood, was born July 1, 1814. He married Al)igail Lord of 
 Athol, Dec. 4, 1836, and remained on the home place until his 
 death, Aug. 28, 1863. He was for many years a justice of the 
 peace, which office he held at the time of his death, and was 
 also for many years superintendent of the Congregational Sun- 
 day school; they had one daughter and three sons; Nancy 
 Lord Wood, the daughter and oldest child, was born July 18, 
 1838; she married Lieut. B. Hammond Brown. The sons were: 
 Henry S., born June 30, 1840; George Harrison, born April 3, 
 1842, and John Milton, born May 7, 1844. 
 
 John Wood and wife were both very patriotic, and when 
 our country called for service in the Civil War, placed no ob- 
 stacle in the way of their sons, but rather bade them Godspeed, 
 when all three enlisted in the Union Army; George H. and John 
 M. in Co. E, 53d Mass. Regiment, and Henry S. in Co. I, 25th 
 Mass. Regiment. John M. Wood died in Louisiana and was 
 buried there; George H. Wood was born April 3, 1842. After 
 his return from the war he resided in Winchendon for some time. 
 He married Miss Calista Stebbins Morse, daughter of Russell 
 and Mary Ann (Stebbins) Morse, June 10, 1873, and went to 
 Florida in the fall of 1884, which was ever after his home, 
 where he was engaged in the raising of oranges and other fruits 
 
THE WOOD FAMILY 293 
 
 of that State. He had one daughter, Winifred Morse Wood, 
 born May 1, 1884. He died in January, 1908. 
 
 Henry S. Wood was born June 30, 1840; as has been stated 
 he enhsted in the 25th Mass. Regiment, Co. I, and remained 
 in service a Httle over two years, when he was discharged Nov. 
 6, 1863, by order of the Secretary of War; this discharge was 
 granted after the death of his father and brother, that he might 
 return home to care for his bhnd mother, who was in need of 
 some one to care for her, a duty which he performed until her 
 death, March 1, 1905. He was one of the prominent and pro- 
 gressive farmers of Royalston, and was actively interested in 
 the Congregational Church of which he was one of the deacons. 
 He married Sarah C. Bemiss, Jan. 26, 1864. 
 
 They had two children: Mabel, born July 10, 1865, married 
 Carl E. Sault, Aug. 20, 1900. They have one son and reside 
 in Athol where Mr. Sault is engaged in the clothing business. 
 George H. Wood, son of Henry S. and Sarah (Bemiss) Wood 
 was born in Royalston, May 13, 1869. His education was 
 received in the Royalston schools, and at Gushing Academy 
 and Mt. Hermon. After leaving school, he went to work in 
 the dry goods business as clerk for E. Denny & Go. in Athol, 
 now 0. Denny & Go. Later he was in company with J. D. 
 Holbrook in Athol for about two years, and then with H. C. 
 Gates under the firm name of Wood, Gates & Co., in Orange. 
 He then went to Martinsville, Indiana, where he was two years 
 in business alone. When he came back east he was located 
 in Nashua, N. H., for five years, most of the time with the 
 Chamberlain Syndicate Store of Chamberlain, Patten Co. 
 In Jan. 1910, he went to Claremont, N. H., as managing partner 
 and treasurer of the Chamberlain Syndicate Store, Huntress, 
 Patten Co., where he is now located. On Sept. 6, 1899 he married 
 Miss Grace E. Hunkins of Lawrence, Mass. ; they have one son, 
 Albion Royal Wood, born in Orange, Mass., July 31, 1900. 
 
 Elmer Wood, son of John and Zerviah (Woodbury) Wood, 
 born May 19, 1807, married Abigail Brock of Woodstock, 
 Conn., Oct. 26, 1833. They had a large family, of whom only 
 two are now living: Maria L. and Sarah E. 
 
 Maria Lucy Lavinia Wood, daughter of Elmer and Abigail 
 (Brock) Wood, was born in Athol, March 14, 1846. She married 
 Levi Bosworth of Royalston in Greenfield, Mass., Jan. 22, 1864, 
 while he was home on a furlough from the army. He enlisted 
 
294 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 in Co. B, 27th Mass. Regiment, Sept. 20, 1861; at the expiration 
 of his term of enhstment he re-enhsted in his old regiment and 
 received his discharge June 28, 1865, and received commission 
 of Brevet Fir^t Lieutenant. They had three children. The}^ 
 
 now reside in Chester, Vt. Sarah E. married Bailing 
 
 and her home is in Chattanooga, Tenn. 
 
 THE HOLMAN FAMILY 
 
 William Holman, the immigrant ancestor of this family, 
 came from Northampton, England to Cambridge, Mass., in 
 1634 and settled on the present site of the Botanic Garden of 
 Harvard University. His widow was accused of being a witch 
 by her neighbor John Gibson and family. 
 
 John Holman of the 6th generation, who was born in Bolton, 
 Mass. about 1765, settled in Royalston, where he bought land 
 in 1790 of John Bridge. The children of John Holman were 
 Seth and Willard. He died Dec. 21, 1843, aged 78 years. 
 
 Seth Holman, son of John Holman, was born in Royalston. 
 He attended the public schools and was brought up in this town; 
 besides farming, he carried on an extensive lumber business 
 and had a sawmill. He was an active member of the Congre- 
 gational Church and in his will made November 19 and proved Jan. 
 1, 1861 bequeathed money to the American Missionary Society 
 and American Bible Society. He married Eunice R. Parks 
 (Peirks). Their children were: Dana Peirks, George W., Seth 
 N., Nelson F. and Mary E., who died young. 
 
 George W. Holman, son of Seth and Eunice (Parks) Holman, 
 was born in Roydston, Dec. 1, 1825; attended the common 
 schools until twelve years of age; then began to drive a team 
 of horses hauling logs to his father's mill and for six years worked 
 for his father in that position. Then he began to saw logs in 
 the mill. His father purchased a furniture shop on which he 
 held a mortgage and George conducted it fcr five years. He 
 left Royalston and started for himself in the furniture business 
 in Boston. In 1857, he removed to Wisconsin and became a 
 railroad contractor, building railroads and bridges in the west. 
 He returned to the east and settled in Fitchburg, Mass., as a 
 builder and contractor, where he erected many buildings, and 
 had charge of the street department for a nurr.ber of years. 
 He served on the common council, board of aldermen, and 
 
THE HOLMAN FAMILY 295 
 
 was a director of the Wanoosnac Electric Power Co. of Fitch- 
 burg. Was a member of Mt. Roulstone Lodge of Odd Fellows 
 and attended the Congregational Church. He married in 1853, 
 Delia E. Mirick, daughter of Ephraim Mirick of Princeton, 
 Mass. They had two children: Mary E., who died young 
 and George M., who resides in Fitchburg, and is a teacher in 
 the Bryant & Stratton School in Boston. 
 
 »S(i/i A^. Holman was for many years engaged in manu- 
 facturing in Royalston and oth?r towns, and wa> also engaged 
 extensively in the lumber business. He went to Spokane, 
 Washington, a number of years ago, where he and his brother 
 Nelson F., were living in 1915. 
 
 The Royalston Memorial says that "Lt. Edward Holman 
 from Sutton, settled nearly midway between Tarrant Cutler 
 and Silas Jones. The cellar hole on the west side of the road 
 marks the place of this sturdy old settler. He descended from 
 a Welchman, who, with two ])rothers, all 'impressed seamen' 
 obtained a furlough from their ship to visit our shores, but never 
 took the trouble to report themselves again to the Captain. 
 This may account for th3 gallantry of their race in our Revolu- 
 tion. Col. Holman, a Sutton man, commanded one of our 
 regiments — our settler was a kinsman and served as Lt. 
 under him, — and tradition in the family saith, that the British 
 used to say 'they had as lief see the Devil a-coming as Col. 
 Holman on his gray mare.' The Lt. came here with nine chil- 
 dren, of whom both sans and daughters had large families." 
 These nine children were probably born in Sutton, as there is 
 no record of their birth in Royalston. 
 
 The History of Chesterfield, N. H., says: "Edward, David, 
 Noah, Stephen and Smith Holman were prol)ably the sons of 
 Edward Holman of Royalston. Edward Junior, came to Chester- 
 field about 1794, but removed to Keene about 1812. Noah 
 died in Orange, Mass." 
 
 David Holman, probably son of Edward Holman of Royal- 
 ston, married Mehetable Gale, who died Nov. 19, 1847 aged 64; 
 married (2), 1850, Mrs. Laura (Stone) Henrj-, widow of John 
 P. Henry, and who died March 21, 1863. He settled in Chester- 
 field about 1805. He died Aug. 17, 1864, aged 85. 
 
296 HISTORY OF ROY ALSTON 
 
 THE R.\YMOND FAMILY 
 
 The immigrant ancestor of the Raymond families of Roy- 
 alston was one WilHam Raymond, who came to New England 
 "about 1652" and settled in Salem, Mass. He was from Essex 
 County in Old England. He was a prominent citizen of the 
 town, and was in the Narragansett fight of 1675. He was 
 appointed by the General Court in 1683, Lieut. Commander of 
 Beverly and Wenham troops. He commanded a company 
 in Phipps' Canada Expedition of 1690, and was a Deputy 
 for Beverly in 1685-6. He died Jan. 29, 1709. His son William 
 Raymond was born at Salem or Beverly, Mass., in 1666, and 
 died in 1701 by the fall of a tree. He was a witness in a witch- 
 craft case in Salem, but was not one of the "deluded parties." 
 
 Joseph Raymond, son of Stephen and Rhoda (Estabrook) 
 Raymond was born in Royalston, June 3, 1801. He spent his 
 youth in his native town, attending the public schools, and 
 at seventeen years of age entered the store of Gen. Franklin 
 Gregory, where he remained until the close of 1823, and in 
 a few months thereafter was offered and accepted a partner- 
 ship with Col. Artemas Lee in his business at Baldwinville, 
 Mass. The firm of Lee & Raymond carried on an extensive 
 and lucrative business for fourteen years until April, 1838, 
 when Mr. Raymond returned to Royalston and formed a co- 
 partnership with Joseph Estabrook which continued until 
 the spring or summer of 1844, at which time he retired from 
 active business life. He, however, continued prominent in 
 town affairs, and filled for many years various offices of trust 
 in the town government, having served as selectman nine 
 years, assessor, three years, and town clerk three years. He 
 represented Royalston in the Legislature of 1850 and 1851, 
 and in the latter year in the memorable contest for United 
 States Senator, was a consistent and enthusiastic supporter 
 of Charles Sumner. Upon the establishment of the Millers 
 River Bank in Athol, in 1854, Mr. Raymond was elected one 
 of its first directors and gave his valuable experience to the 
 management of that institution. He brought to the discharge 
 of all these duties in town, state and bank, faithful service, 
 sound judgment and wise foresight, exercising the same care and 
 diligence that he did in his own business, and won and re- 
 tained the full confidence of his townsm.en. 
 
ui. J^JJ\^nyi^<^- 
 
THE RAYMOND FAMILY 297 
 
 He married, Nov. 21, 1830, Elizabeth Kendall, daughter 
 of Samuel Kendall, who was born in Enfield, Mass., in 1801. 
 A woman of rare gifts, respected and loved by all who knew 
 her, she died in 1887, mourned by a large circle of friends, after 
 a married life of over fifty-six years. 
 
 Mr. Raymond contributed the first money towards founding 
 a public library in Royalston, which bore the name of the 
 "Raymond Public Library" until the erection of the "Phinehas 
 S. Newton Library" a few years ago. He was a type of the 
 best New England character, which he exemplified in his good 
 citizenship, integrity and love of justice and was a man of 
 marked individuality. He died Sept. 7, 1893. 
 
 The children of Joseph and Elizabeth (Kendall) Raymond 
 were: Amie Elizabeth, born July 1, 1832, married John L. Choate, 
 Aug. 14, 1860. Had two sons, Harry Raymond Choate, born 
 Sept. 27, 1862, died in August, 1864; Charles Buckingham Choate, 
 born March 10, 1866, married Alice Bradford Churchill in 
 18G0, has one daughter, Helen Raymond Choate, born Nov. 
 25, 1893; he resides in Chelsea, Mass. 
 
 Joseph Estabrook Raymond, born Nov. 27, 1834, married 
 Charlotte Louise Marshall of Fitchburg, Dec. 31, 1861. He had 
 one daughter Martha Frances Raymond, born March 12, 
 1871. 
 
 William. Henry Harrison Raymond, born Dec. 1, 1842, 
 died, Sept. 19, 1847. 
 
 Alfred D wight Raymond, son of Joseph and Elizabeth (Ken- 
 dall) Raymond, was born in Royalston, Nov. 25, 1838. He 
 attended the public schools of his native town, and then went 
 to Meriden, N. H. Academy, after which he became a farmer 
 and cattle dealer in Royalston, being one of the most promi- 
 nent and progressive farmers of the town. 
 
 He was deeply interested in all public questions concern- 
 ing the state and nation, and by constant reading kept l:Mmself 
 well informed. All business which he undertook for the town 
 and others was carried on with the same faithfulness and ex- 
 cellent ability which he applied to his own affairs. His gen- 
 erous help was given to many who found the struggle of life 
 difficult. He was actively interested in all town affairs, and 
 served the town in various offices; was selectman, three years, 
 assessor, eleven years, and member of the School Committee 
 
298 
 
 HISTORY OF ROYAL.STON 
 
 for many years. He was president of the Worcester North- 
 west Agricultural Society in 1892 and 1893. 
 
 In 18G1, he married Martha Jennette Willis, daughter of 
 Dr. Isaac Willis, for many years 'the able and respected phy- 
 sician of Royalston. 
 
 Their children were: Alfred Joseph Raymond, Iwrn Dec. 
 14, 1862; Carrie Willis Raymond, born April 25, 1865 and 
 Mary Elizabeth Raymond, born Dec. 13, 1863. 
 
 AlfredJoseph Raymond, son of Alfred D. and Martha (Willis) 
 Raymond, was born Dec. 14, 1832 in Royalston. He at- 
 tended the schools of his native town, and succeeded his father 
 on the fine farm situated north of the Centre. He was married, 
 Sept. 3, 1890, to Josephine Smith. They have two children: 
 Laurence J. and Evelyn S. Raymond, both born in Royal- 
 ston. He went to Athol, Jan. 1, 1898 and purchased the sash 
 and blind business, formerly carried on by Edwin Ellis, and 
 has built up a large and successful business. He has been 
 prominent in social and town affairs, and has been a member 
 of the School Committee for about twelve years. He is a 
 member of all branches of the Masonic Order, of the Poquiag 
 Club, the Ancient and Honorable Artillery Company, Boston 
 Athletic Association and the Boston City Club. He still owns 
 the old homestead of his father in Royalston. 
 
 THE ARTEMAS RAYMOND FAMILY 
 
 Artemas Raymond, son of William and Sophia Raymond, was 
 born in Royalston, March 1, 1801. He was a farmer and 
 married Abigail Chase, Nov. 29, 1832. She was a daughter of 
 David Chase, also a farmer of Royalston. 
 
 Their children were: Wm. C, born Nov. 19, 1835, he married 
 
 Julia , July 16, 1863; FrankUn S., born in November, 
 
 1837, lived only six months; FrankUn H., born Nov. 18, 1838, 
 married Martha Peirce, Oct. 1, 1867; he resided in Athol for 
 many years and was a boot and shoemaker; he was postmaster 
 of the Athol Centre office from July, 1885 to Dec. 20, 1889. 
 He married for his second wife, Mre. Carrie A. Patten, April 
 6, 1886. She died April 28, 1908, and he now lives in Boston. 
 George A., born June 28, 1842, enUsted in the Civil War and 
 was killed at the Battle of Cold Harbor; Mary Sophia, born 
 Feb. 9, 1843, married George W. Cheney of Winchendon, 
 
ALFRED J. RAYMOND 
 
THE RAYMOND FAMILY 299 
 
 and their children were: Flora Belle, ])orn Aug. 22, 1869, Frank 
 Schuyler, born Sept. 21, 1871 and Nellie Etta, born Maj- 11, 
 1874; Luther R. Raymond, born Sept. 12, 1815, died at the age 
 of four years; Sarah A., born July 31, 1819, died at the age 
 of two. years, and Edward W., born June 26, 1852, married 
 Susie , April 16, 1873, and their home was in Boston. 
 
 THE CHASE FAMILY 
 
 Thomas Chase of England, called "the Unfortunate," 
 was brutally murdered in 1506 in a small room adjoining the 
 chapel connected with the palace of the Bishop of Longlance 
 at Woburn, who was confessor to Henry the Eighth. 
 
 His son. Sir William Chase of Chesham, Buckingham County, 
 England, was born in the reign of Queen Mary and was High 
 Steward to the household of Henry the Eighth. Sir Richard 
 Chase, son of Sir William, was born in Chesham, England in 
 1537 and married Lady Elizalieth Bowchieu. Acjuila, the 
 foui'th son of Sir Richard, was born in Hundrich, Eng., Aug. 
 14, 1580. Aquila 2nd, son of Aquila, was born in 1618 in the 
 Parish of Chesham, Eng., emigrated to this country and settled 
 in Hampton, N. H. in 1639. He marrie:! Anne Wheeler, daugh- 
 ter of John Wheeler of Hampton and removed to New'oury, 
 Mass., in 1646. He died in Newburyport in 1670. John 
 Chase, the seventh child of Aquila 2nd and Anne Wheeler, was 
 born Nov. 2, 1655 and married Eliza))eth Bingley, May 23, 
 1677. Phillip Chase, the third son of John and Elizabeth was 
 born Sept. 23, 1688 and married Mary Follans!)ee, April 17, 1712. 
 
 Lieutenant Francis Chase, the ninth child of Phillip and 
 Mary (FoUansbee) Chase, mirried M.iry Perkins, June 12, 
 1760. He was one of the first settlers of Royalston, coming 
 from Sutton, Mass. and taking up his residence in the north- 
 east part of the town. He was called to the front in the War 
 of the Revolution on the occasion of the Burgoyne Invasion, 
 and participated in the Battle of Bennington. He died of 
 apoplexy at an inn on his way home from Boston, Jan. 16, 1791, 
 at the age of fifty-five years. His son David, the oldest of 
 eleven children, was born in Sutton, March 10, 1761, and married 
 Sarah Raymond of Athol, Nov. 29, 1788; they had ten chil- 
 dren. He died March 27, 1816. 
 
JOO HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 Chaiincy Chase, the seventh child of David and Sarah 
 (Raymond) Chase, was born in Royalston, May 22, 1801. 
 He chose the trade of a carpenter and in the early twenties 
 removed to Boston where he became a contractor and builder 
 of excellent repute. On Dec. 2, 1830, he married Caroline 
 Morse, daughter of Russell and Betsey (Waite) Morse of Royal- 
 ston. They had six children: Caroline Augusta, born Oct. 9, 
 1835, wko married WiUiam D. Atkinson of Boston, Nov. 1, 
 1859. He died June 21, 1881, and she died Feb. 28, 1907. 
 They had two children: Florence Viola and Harriet Taylor, 
 who both died in early life; Elizabeth Waite, born Sept. 14, 1837, 
 and died Dec. 14, 1896; Ahnira Elliott, born Feb. 8, 1841 and 
 died Sept. 16, 1843; Henriette Toumsend, born Jan. 13, 1846, 
 married William H. Nutting, of Boston, Sept. 25, 1866; he died 
 in November, 1872; Ella Perkins, born Dec. 2, 1849 and died 
 Feb. 28, 1896; Fannie Riissell, born Oct. 9, 1853, married Dr. 
 Francis W. Adams of Fishkill-on-the-Hudson, N. Y., June 
 26, 1872. They had two children, Mabel Winifred and Robert 
 Winthrop. 
 
 Chauncy Chase becoming eventually weary of the city, 
 and having a great desire to take up country life, purchased 
 the ancient homestead of the Doctors Bacheller on Royalston 
 Common, and in the early fifties proceeded to remodel and beau- 
 tify this residence. He finally removed to Royalston with 
 his family in 1859. He drained, leveled and graded a large 
 section of the Common adjoining his residence, and was in- 
 strumental in the planting of many of the younger growth of 
 shade trees that give it a park-like appearance to-day. He 
 furnished the plans for the present church edifice, the graceful 
 lines of whose spire elicit the admiration of even the strangers 
 passing through the town, and the building itself, when com- 
 pleted was not accepted by the committee until he had thor- 
 oughly inspected and approved the work. 
 
 He was the architect and builder of the To^^^l House, another 
 ornament of the Common, and presented to the town the land 
 on which it stands. He was a faithful member of the Congre- 
 gational Church, and was one of its most liberal supporters 
 during his lifetime. He died Feb. 26, 1878, and the town at 
 its next annual meeting passed the following resolutions on his 
 death, a thing said to be unprecedented except in instances where 
 
CIIAUNCY CIIA.SR 
 
 RUSSKLL MORSK 
 
 GEOR&R CIIASR 
 
 FRANCIS CIIASK 
 
THE CHASE FAMILY SQl 
 
 citizens had made in favor of the town important pubHc bequests. 
 
 The Resolutions adopted are as follows: 
 
 Whereas, in the course of Divine Providence our esteemed 
 fellow citizen, Mr. Chauncy Chase, the architect and builder 
 of our beautiful Town Hall, has been removed from us by death; 
 and 
 
 Whereas, the strength and permanence of our popular in- 
 stitutions is to be found in the virtue of private citizens in every 
 station in life more than in the watchfulness of political parties 
 or the abilities of public men, therefore, 
 
 Resolved, that the Town of Royalston take this occasion to 
 commend the life that has so plainly exhibited the virtues of 
 steadiness, prudence and chastity; of that untiring industry 
 and that unflinching honesty and thoroughness that made him 
 a workman that needed not to be ashamed; and of that pra(;tical 
 patriotism with which, in his later years, he brought the benefit 
 of his accumulations and ripened skill to strengthen and beautify 
 his native town. 
 
 Resolved, that the young people of the town may be en- 
 couraged hereby to build their worldly fortunes upon the practice 
 of these virtues instead of idly waiting for the discovery of great 
 opportunities. 
 
 Resolved, that the Selectmen and Clerk of the town are 
 hereby authorized to procure the insertion of these Resolutions 
 in the Athol papers and to present a copy to the family of our 
 deceased fellow citizen. 
 
 Resolved, that we tender our sympathy to the afflicted family 
 and congratulate them upon the priceless legacy he has left 
 them, — the name and memory of an honest man, the noblest 
 work of God. 
 
 George Chase, son of William and Betsey (Work) Chase, was 
 born in Royalston, Nov. 1, 1810. He was a prominent farmer, 
 and an active member in the First Congregational Church. 
 He married Esther Morse, Sept. 2, 1835. She was born Jan. 2, 
 1813 and died Dec. 18, 1908, at the age of ninety-three years 
 and eleven months. 
 
 Their children were: George L., born Dec. 11, 1838, married 
 to Elvira Tirrell in 1860. He died in 1863 from wounds re- 
 ceived in the Battle of the Wilderness June 8. He was a mem- 
 ber of Co. D, 36th Regiment ; they had two children. Cath- 
 erine C. Chase, born April 16, 1840, married Josiah W. Wilder 
 of Petersham, a soldier in the 15th Mass. Regiment in the 
 
JQ2 HISTORY OF KOYALSTON 
 
 Civil War, she lives in Worcester; Frederick B. Chase, born 
 Feb. 6, 1843, died Nov. 7, 1868; Helen M. Chase, born Nov. 
 23, 1846, married Forest A. Hicks of Petersham, Dec. 8, 1838; 
 he enlisted in the Civil War in Co. F, Fifty-third Mass. Regi- 
 ment; Harriet E. Chase, born Jan. 7, 1848, married Luther 
 Stone of Petersham in November, 1872, she died in 1874. 
 
 Francis Chase, son of William and Betsey (Work) Chase, 
 was born in Royalston, April 2, 1812. He marrie 1 Ruth Slade 
 of Paxton, Mass., Jan. 1, IS 10. 
 
 He bought part of the farm his father had owned, and in- 
 tended to build a house there but his brother-in-law sold him 
 the place on the South Royalston road where hi? S3n Charle? 
 F. Chase now resides, and he changed his plans and located 
 there. He was a successful farmer, and builder and repairer of 
 roads, serving for many years as one of the Highway Surveyors. 
 He also laid the foundations of the town house and the school- 
 house at South Royalston and when seventy-five years of age 
 could be seen taking his turn on the lead mowing with the 
 hired men in the hayfield. His wife, Ruth Slade, died June 
 29, 1846, leaving three children, and he married second, Lu- 
 cretia Slade, sister of his first wife, Sept. 9, 1847, they had nine 
 more children. Mrs. Chase died Jan. 15, 1834, leaving her 
 husband with nine children at home under sixteen years of 
 age. Mr. Chase died, Feb. 9, 1333. The chil:L-3i of Francis 
 and Ruth (Slade) Chase were: Lucretia, William Henry and 
 John Slade; Lncretia, born March 13, 1841 married Charles 
 Allard, and second, a Mr. White, and her home has been in 
 San Diego, Cal.; Wfn. H. Chase, born June 18, 1843. He 
 enlisted in Co. I, 25th Mass. Infantry, Sept. 30, 1831 and served 
 three years, being discharged Oct. 20, 1864. After his return 
 from the war he lived in Winchendon and West Fitchburg, 
 and went to Athol in 1880, which was his home for thirty years, 
 and where he was engaged in the market and ice business. After 
 leaving Athol he resided in Cambridge and Worcester. He 
 married Georgiana J. Tucker of West Fairlee, Vt., May 9, 1830, 
 and they have one son, Ernest T. Chase, born in Athol, Sapt. 
 6, 1881, who graduated at Boston Umv3r5ity in ths Clav, of 
 1904, and was instructor in German and English at ths Worces- 
 ter Polytechnic Institute, and left that position to becoLTic the 
 religious work director of the Worcester Y. M. C. A. About 
 1910, he accepted a position in an educational institution in 
 
THE CHASE FAMILY J03 
 
 Honolulu. In 1911, Wm. H. Chase and his wife went to 
 Honolulu to be with their son, and he engaged in Missionary 
 work among the soldiers, where the officers and soldiers knew 
 him as Chaplain Chase. 
 
 John Slade Chase, also enlisted in the Civil War, was taken 
 prisoner and died in Andersonville prison. 
 
 The children of Francis and Lucretia (Slade) Chase were: 
 Thomas Follansbee, born Aug. 11, 1848; Sophia Elizabeth, born 
 Sept. 20, 1849, married Allan Harrington of South Royalston, 
 where they now live; George Washington, born Dec. 17, 1852; 
 Sarah Mariah, born in 1853, married George W. Tucker of Athol, 
 May 1, 1882, she died — — — ; Joseph Howard, born April 18, 
 1854, died Oct. 2, 1871; Flora E., born June 6, 1856, married 
 George W. Tucker; Charles F. Chase, born Jan. 15, 1858; 
 Ella Amelia, born March 4, 1860; Fannie Ruth, born April 1, 
 1862 and died Fel). 16, 1881. 
 
 Thoinas Follansbee Chase, oldest son of Francis and Lucretia 
 (Slade) Chase, was born Aug. 11, 1848. He married Mary A. 
 Alden, June 15, 1873 and married, second, Hattie E. Prew, 
 April 18, 1906. He has two children: Anna M. and Frank W. 
 He was in the employ of the New York, New Haven & Hartford 
 Railroad Co., for upwards of forty-four years as Section Foreman 
 and Construction Foreman and was retired Dec. 1, 1914. His 
 home has been in Fitchburg, Framingham and Clinton, Mass., 
 and he now resides in Leominster. 
 
 Charles Francis Chase, youngest son of Francis and Lu- 
 cretia (Slade) Chase, was born in Royalston Jan. 15, 1858. 
 He succeeded his father on the home farm, and has been a 
 prosperous farmer of the town. He married Adelle Luseba 
 Chapin, June 8, 1893. Their children are: Francis Chapin, 
 born May 24, 1894, Elliott Bartlett, born Dec. 31, 1895, HoUis 
 Bolton, born Sept. 15, 1897, Roger Clark, born May 24, 1899, 
 Alice Ethel, born Aug. 13, 1902 and Edith Adelle, born April 6, 
 1908. He is a member of the Congregational Church; Ella 
 Ajnelia Chase was born March 2, 1860, she lived in Athol, 
 Gardner, Orange and other places, she never married and 
 made her home with sister, Mrs. Geo. W. Tucker. She died in 
 Brookfield Feb. 16, 1916, of pneumonia, and burial was in the 
 Crystal Lake cemetery at Gardner. 
 
304- HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 THE BRAGG FAMILY 
 
 Nathaviel Bragg, the ancestor of all bearing the name of 
 Bragg in Royalston, was born in Shrewsbury, Mass., June 29, 
 1747. He married Sarah Wilson of Northborough, Mass., 
 March 14, 1771, she was born Oct. 13, 1750. 
 
 He came to Royalston about the time of the Revolution, 
 probably in 1775 or '76, and settled near the Athol line, close 
 to what is now known as Doane's Falls. His children were: 
 Benjamin, born in Shrewsbury, March 27, 1772 and died in 
 Royalston, Sept. 17, 1777; Sarah, born in Shrewsbury, Feb. 27, 
 1774, she married Joseph Jacobs of Athol, May 17, 1792, and 
 died at Athol, Nov. 9, 1795; Lucy, born in Royalston, Oct. 8, 
 1778, she married Joseph Goddard of Athol, April 30, 1804; 
 Nathaniel, born Dec. 18, 1780, married Polly Kendall of Gerry, 
 Jan. 1, 1807; Olive, born April 11, 1783, married William Nurse 
 of Westborough, March 2, 1809; Benjamin, born Sept. 26, 
 1785, married Sally Putnam Peirce of Winchendon, Aug. 2, 1812; 
 Polly, born Feb. 29, 1788, died Feb. 14, 1795; Ira, born May 23, 
 1791, married Mercy Clements, Nov. 18, 1810. 
 
 The children of Nathaniel Bragg, Jr. and Polly Kendall 
 were: Jesse Kendall, born Oct. 11, 1817; Nathaniel Wilson, 
 born Aug. 31, 18C9; Olive, born March 3, 1814; Lysander Frank- 
 lin, born Feb. 9, 1817; Mary Ann, born June 1, 1820; Henry 
 Obookiah, born Aug. 21, 1824; Polly, born Nov. 7, 1807. 
 
 Benjamin Bragg , born Sept. 26, 1785, married Sally Putnam 
 Peirce, Aug. 2, 1812, she was born Oct. 29, 1793, and died 
 Mar. 11, 1833; he married (2) Mary Snow of Lunenburg, Feb. 
 11, 1834, she was born Aug. 17, 1808, and died June 18, 1903. 
 He built a carding mill north of the bridge at Doane's Falls, 
 and afterwards converted it into a satinet factory, where quite 
 a business was done for a number of years. He died June 11, 
 1852. The children of Benjamin and Sally Peirce Bragg were: 
 Harvey, born Dec. 11, 1812, ched March 9, 1813; Lucy, born 
 March 19, 1814 died March 21, 1814; Rosano, born March 26, 
 1815, she married a Mr. Symons and died at Niagara Falls, 
 Aug. 6, 1839; Hannah, born Feb. 11, 1817, died Feb. 12, 1817; 
 John Hervey, born June 12, 1815, married Amy Ballou, Nov. 
 28, 1844, died Dec. 12, 1852; Harriet Bragg, born July 12, 
 1820, married Calvin Drury, Dec. 15, 1842. Their children 
 born in Royalston were: Susan F., born Sept. 27, 1851; Sarah 
 
THE BRAGG FAMILY 305 
 
 A., born April 1, 18c4; Calvin, born Sept. 16, 1858, was married 
 in New Hampshire May 31, 1879 to Jennie Alwildia Greenwood, 
 they had eight children, seven of whom are living, he died in 
 Princeton, Mass., Oct. 10, 1913. Horace Drury was born in 
 Athol, Feb. 11, 1843, and was married in Worcester, Nov. 13, 
 1866, to Mrs. Althea S. Oaks, they had six children, four boys 
 and two girls. He enlisted in the Civil War in Co. F, Fifty- 
 third Mass. Regiment. 
 
 Cyrdhia Pierce Bragg, born April 25, 1822, and died April 2, 
 1836. 
 
 Eunice Rcy Bragg, born Nov. 13, 1824, married George Russell 
 Garfcld cf Athcl, they had two children. She died in Decem- 
 ber, 1910. 
 
 The children of Benjamin and Mary (Snow) Bragg were: 
 Joseph Snmv, born Dec. 31, 1834, died Jan. 12, 1835; Sarah 
 Putnam Pierce, ])orn Sept. 20, 1837, married Newell Holman, 
 June, 1857 and died Fel). 24, 1859; Cynthia Rosana, born Feb. 
 1, 1840, married F. Ewight Kellogg of Orange, died Nov. 23, 
 K05,i-:he had two sons, Frederic L. Kellogg, born May 26, 1867, 
 he is a graduate of Bellevue Medical School, New York City, 
 and is now a physician located in Roxbury, Mass. ; the second 
 son, Fdwin D. Kellogg, ])orn Jan. 29, 1882, is a graduate from 
 the Theolcgicc"l Seminary in Bangor, Maine, was ordained 
 June 17, KC9, and is rcAV a Missionary in China; Mary Snow 
 Bragg, born Oct. 5, 1842, married F. Dwight Kellogg of Orange, 
 Nov. 20, 1908; Ruth Anna, born March 12, 1845, died May 4, 
 1846; Stella Isadore, born June 17, 1847, died Feb. 14, 1848; 
 Benjamin Leroy, born in Royalston June 30, 1850; he married 
 Mary Frances Sessions of Hartford, Conn., Nov. 10, 1880. 
 They reside in Springfield, where Mr. Bragg is engaged in 
 the insurance business. They have one child, Benjamin 
 Leroy, Jr., born in Springfield, Jan. 9, 1882; he married Marion 
 Chandler van der Penen of Somerville, New Jersey, Oct. 12, 
 1912, they have one child, Frances Bragg, born in Springfield, 
 July 8, 1913. 
 
 Ira Bragg, married Mercy Clements, daughter of Wm. and 
 Anna Clements, Nov. 18, 1810, they had one child, Elmer, 
 torn May 8, 1811. 
 
 Nathaniel Wilson Bragg, son of Nathaniel Bragg, Jr. and 
 Polly Kendall, was born Aug. 31, 1809. He was a farmer and 
 lived and died in Royalston on the place that was originally 
 
JQ^ HISTORY OF ROY ALSTON 
 
 settled by Ezekiel Cutler. He was a successful farmer, and 
 
 was a member of no society, except the Worcester Northwest 
 
 Agricultural Society. He married Almira Paine, March 17, 
 
 1834. He died March 31, 1893, and his wife died, Jan. 15, 1869. 
 
 The children of Nathaniel Wilson and Almira (Paine) Bragg 
 
 were: Warren »S., "born May 20, 1837, married Mary Shores 
 
 frcm Shutesbury, he died in Cambridge, Jan. 21, ICOO; Augusta 
 
 H., born Nov. 3, 1839, and died in Royalston, June 26, 1862; 
 
 Henry W., born Dec. 10, 1842, married Dorlesky Jackson, died 
 
 March 24, 1890 in Worcester; Mijra I., born Oct. 26, 1851, 
 
 m-arried John Davis and lived on the old homestead, died Jan. 
 
 22, 1911, in Royalston; Maria L., born Oct. 21, 1848; was a 
 
 teacher for many years. 
 
 Homj 0. Bragg, son of Nathaniel and Polly (Kendall) 
 Bragg, was born in Royalston April 21, 1824. As a young man, 
 he taught school in Middleboro and Royalston. Later, at the 
 death of his father, he returned home to carry on the farm. 
 He was always interested in the welfare of his town and held 
 several positions of trust. He married Jemima Shores, daughter 
 of Rev. Silas Shores, Nov. 24, 1853, she was born in Falmouth, 
 April 19, 1828. In 1869, he removed to Amherst, Mass., to 
 educate his children. After twenty years, he left Amherst for 
 Agawam, where he bought a large farm. In 1892, he went to 
 Foxboro, Mass., where he and his wife made their home with 
 their son. Dr. Francis A. Bragg, and where he died July 6, 1903; 
 his wife died Jan. 23, 1912. They had seven children: Henry 
 Eugene, born Sept. 3, 1854, died Aug. 24, 1869; Everett Bert, 
 born March 2, 1856; Charles Franklin, born April 7, 1858, died 
 Feb. 2, 1863; Abbie Adella, born April 4, 1864, died Sept. 17, 
 1869; Will Thornton, born May 9, 1862; Francis Adelbert, born 
 Jan. 2, 1865; Stella Ameha, born Oct. 31, 1867, died Feb. 13, 
 1884. 
 
 Everett B. Bragg, son of Henry 0. and Jemima (Shores) 
 Bragg was born in Royalston March 20, 1856; his father was 
 living at the time on the original farm owned by his grand- 
 father, Nathaniel Bragg, on the road leading from Royalston 
 to Athol, the south boundary of the farm adjoining the Athol 
 line. His early education was obtained in the public schools 
 of Royalston, Shutesbury and Amherst. He entered the 
 Massa(!husetts Agricultural College at the age of fifteen and 
 graduated in the Class of 1875. After graduation, he remained 
 
'M- 
 
 DR. FRANCIS A. BRAGG 
 
 HENRY O. BRAGG 
 
 MR. AND MRS. EVERETT EUGENE BRAGG 
 and EVERETT C. BRAGG 
 
 EVERETT B. BRAGG 
 
THP: BRAGG FAMILY J07 
 
 three 3 ears at the Ccllege as an assistant to Er. C. A. Goessman 
 in the chemical department, and then was four years exploring 
 in He Wet-t Indies. 
 
 In 1895, he organized the National Chemical Co. in Cleve- 
 lard, Chio, engaging in the manufacture of heavy chemicals. 
 Ihis ccmjpany becam.e a part of the General Chemical Co. of 
 New York in 1899 and he became the western manager of their 
 m.anufactiiring department and in 1905, was elected vice- 
 president and western manager located at Chicago, and this 
 position he holds at the present time. He is a member of the 
 fcllcwing clubs and societies: Union League Club, Chicago; 
 Union Club, Cleveland; New York Athletic Club; New York 
 Chem.istry Club; Evanston Club, Evanston, 111.; Chicago 
 Association of Comm.erce; Illinois Manufacturing Association; 
 Am.erican Chemical Society; American Association for the Ad- 
 vancem.ent of Science; New England Society of Chicago, and 
 several other societies. 
 
 He married Helen Bliss Dickinson of Amherst, Mass., May 
 31, 1882; their children all living at this time are: Everett E., 
 born in Boston, Dec. 9, 1884; Helen M., born in Boston, Dec. 21, 
 1886; Lawrence D., born in Springfield, Mass., Jan. 12, 1890; 
 Kendall B., horn in Cleveland, Ohio, Feb. 4, 1892 and Arthur D. 
 hcin in Lvfrstcn, 111., Feb. 14, 1902. 
 
 Francis A. Bragg, son of Henry 0. and Jemima (Shores) 
 Bragg, was born in Shutesbury, Mass., Jan. 2, 1865, was edu- 
 cated at Amherst public schools and Harvard Medical School, 
 receiving his degree with Class of 1894. He began the practice 
 of his profession in Boston, and settled in Foxboro, Mass., in 
 1895, where he is still in practice. He is the Medical Examiner 
 of Sixth Norfolk District, and a m.ember of the Harvard Alumni 
 Association, Massachusetts Medical Society and the American 
 Medical Association. He was married Sept. 14, 1899 to Mary 
 Davenport, a graduate of Wellesley, 1896. They have three 
 children: Francis C, born July 1, 1901, Alice D., born Feb. 10, 
 1903 and David K., born Oct. 13, 1908. 
 
 THE FISHER FAMILY 
 
 Capt. David Fisher came to Royalston sometime about 1790 
 frcm Attleboro, Mass. where he was born in 1764. He mar- 
 
308 
 
 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 ried Sophia Thayer of Mansfield Aug. 9, 1790. He bought a 
 farm of one hundred acres in West Royalston, where he 
 died in 1850. He was a Quaker and very eccentric, being an 
 earnest opponent of the old law, requiring every one to pay 
 for the support of religious worship, and became a leader of 
 the "Free Donation Society"; after the repeal of that law 
 he became a regular contributor in sustaining the institution 
 of the Gospel. He was selectman of Royalston two years, 
 assessor seven years, and was a well known school-master 
 for several years. The children of David and Sophia (Thayer) 
 Fisher were: Sophia, born Aug. 23, 1791, married Moses 
 Walker 2nd., Jan. 29, 1816; Jason, born April 25, 1793; Achsa, 
 born Feb. 8, 1795, died Feb. 21, 1795; Seth, bom Jan. 13, 
 1796; Clarissa, born Feb. 27, 1798, married Hori West- 
 coat of Warwick March 21, 1820; Ruth Bhss, born Aug. 22, 
 1799, married Stephen J. Kendall of Warwick, May 9, 1820; 
 David, born Mar. 8, 1801; Israel Labin, born May 13, 1803, 
 died Oct. 9, 1805. 
 
 Jason Fisher, oldest son of Capt. David Fisher, was born 
 in Royalston Apr. 25, 1793. He bought his father's farm 
 and lived on it until his death in 1878. He was a farmer 
 and pump maker, making the old-fashioned wooden pump. 
 He married Ruth Walker Feb. 19, 1818. Their children were: 
 Horace, born Sept. 19, 1820; Ruth Morse, born Mar. 24, 1823, 
 married Charles Mosman of Westminster, Nov. 20, 1845; 
 Lisander Watson, born Jan. 22, 1825;Oi-vis, bom Mar. 23, 
 1827;Feronda Walker born, Apr. 23, 1829;Fyonda Aurilla, 
 born Mar. 6, 1831; Cynthia Dexter, born Mar. 3, 1834, 
 died young; Augustus J., born Apr. 14, 1836. 
 
 Augustus J. Fisher was bom in Royalston, April 14, 1836. 
 When a young man he attended Brattleboro Academy 
 and taught school in Brattleboro, Chesterfield, N. H. and 
 Royalston. He also went to a music school in Boston and 
 for six years taught singing school both juvenile and adult in 
 the towns of Fitzwilliam and Richmond, N. H. and Royal- 
 ston, Orange, Wendell, Wanvick, New Salem, Erving and 
 Athol in Massachusetts. He went to Orange in 1859 where he 
 was engaged in the dry goods business for 29 years; he was a 
 meml^er of the school committee two years and assessor for 
 sixteen consecutive years, and is a member of Orange lodge 
 F. & A. M. 
 
AUGUSTUS J. FISIIRR 
 
 EDWIN A. FISIIKR 
 
THE FISHER FAMILY 309 
 
 He married Hattie A. Jennison of Orange Nov. 26, 
 1862. She died in 1880 and he married second, Emma C. 
 Richardson of Winchester, Mass., Aug. 1, 1883. He had no 
 children by either wife. 
 
 Horace Fisher, son of Jason Fisher, was born in Royalston 
 Sept. 19, 1820. He always lived in Royalston and was a 
 farmer and lumberman. He married Lucy J. Kendall of 
 Sandoff, N. H. Jan. 14, 1846. He died in 1890. His children 
 were Edwin Augustus, born July 17, 1847, a sketch of whom 
 appears in another chapter of this history. Elmer H. born 
 Aug. 6, 1851 married Avis Mahala Corey of Canada, July 7, 
 1873; they have two children, Anna Ehzabeth born July 29, 
 1874 and Leon Horace born July 1876; Elmer H. died at 
 Los Angeles, Cal., Dec. 8, 1904; Cora J. Fisher born Aug. 20, 
 1855, married George E. Woodbury of Royalston Apr. 17, 
 1881; they have one son Chester Leslie, born Jan. 28, 1885. 
 Mrs. Woodbury died ( .) 
 
 Edward Everett Fisher born Jan. 16, 1853, married Mary 
 Louise Leathe May 26, 1883, they had one daughter, Ethel 
 May, born May 29, 1887. 
 
 Feronda W. Fisher, son of Jason Fisher was born in 
 Royalston April 23, 1829. He enlisted in the Fourth Ver- 
 mont regiment in the Civil war and died in Orange, Mass. 
 in 1909. 
 
 Orvis Fisher, son of Jason, was born March 3, 1827. 
 He was a member of the New Hampshire Cavalry in the 
 Civil war, and died at Fortress Monroe in 1865. 
 
 THE DAVIS FAMILY 
 
 The Davis family, which has played an important part 
 in the history of Royalston, from the time when Lt. John 
 Davis came from Rehoboth, Mass. and settled in the 
 west part of the town, traces its lineage back through the 
 centuries to King Alfred of England. John Davis, the first 
 member of the family to settle in Royalston, was born in 
 Haverhill, Mass. Jan. 4, 1734 and moved to Rehoboth in 
 1750, where he mairied in September, 1760, Joanna Hicks 
 (Hix) who was the daughter of Benjamin and Anna (Orras- 
 bee) Hix of Rehoboth, 
 
310 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 They moved to Royalston in 1778 and located upon a farm 
 of two hundred acres in the west part of the town. He 
 purchased the farm of James Otis of Barnstable, one of the 
 original proprietors of Royalston, and paid two hundred and 
 forty pounds for the same. He served in the war of the 
 Revolution and attained the rank of 1st. Lieut. The govern- 
 ment granted bim two hundred acres of land for his service. 
 He died in 1764. 
 
 His will mentions his wife Joanna and eleven children. 
 They had thirteen children: Squire, John, Sylvester, Sara, 
 Susanna, Joanna, Joseph, Benjamin, Asahel, Anna, Benjamin, 
 Barney and Etniel. All but three of these were born in 
 Rehoboth. 
 
 (1) Squire Lcivis, oldest child of John and Joanna (Hix) 
 Davis, was born in Rehoboth July 21, 1762. He remained 
 there until he was sixteen years old living with his grand- 
 father, John Davis, when he went with his father to Royal- 
 ston. He served in the v/ar of the Revolution, and the town 
 paid him six hundred dollars for his service, and he after- 
 wards drew" a pension. 
 
 He married Altbear Bullock, daughter of Moulton Bullock. 
 She was born in 1763 and died sudderly July 13, 1813 aged 
 fifty years. They had seven children born to them. He was 
 Representative to the General Court from Royalston in 1823, 
 and served the town as Selectman twenty-one years. 
 
 (2) Joh7i Davis, second son of John and Joanna Davis, was 
 };orn April 13, 1763. He came with his father to Royal- 
 stcn in 1778, ard seived in the Revolution from Royalston, 
 although at the tim.e he was but little over sixteen years 
 of age, being mustered in July 6, 1779. He v/as granted 
 a pension in 1833. He was a farm.er by occupation, and 
 married Lorania Perry of New Salem in 1792. She was born 
 March 14, 1761. They removed to New Hampshire where 
 five children were born to them. He moved back to Royal- 
 ston, and married, second, Lucy Dexter of Orange in 1806; 
 they had six children. He died in 1846. 
 
 (3) Sylvester Davis, born Oct. 21, 1764, died Aug. 20, 
 1813 age 48 years. 
 
 (4) Sarah Davis, daughter of John and Joanna (Hix) 
 Davis, was born Nov. 4, 1766. She married in Royalston, 
 
THE DAVIS FAMII.Y J// 
 
 Rev. Simeon Jacobs, a widower with six children, Dec. 8, 
 1792. They had three children. She died 1853. 
 
 (5) Susanna Davis, born July 18, 1768, died April 1770. 
 
 (6) Joanna Davis, third daughter of John and Joanna 
 Davis, born Feb. 17, 1770. Married William Weeks of 
 Richmond, N. H. Dec. 12, 1815. She died in January, 1838. 
 
 (7) Joseph Davis, son of John and Joanna (Hix) Davis, 
 born at Rehoboth Oct. 18, 1771; removed to Royalston in 
 1778 and married Sophia White, March, 1795. He was a 
 farmer by occupation and ched in 1830. They had twelve 
 children that grew up in Royalston. 
 
 (8) Benjamin Davis, fifth son of John and Joanna (Hix) 
 Davis, born Feb. 9, 1773, died, 1777 at the age of four years. 
 
 (9) Asahel Davis, sixth son of John and Joanna (Hix) 
 Davis, was born Feb. 19, 1775, moved to Royalston in 1778. 
 Was a blacksmith and farmer. He married Deborah Mason. 
 They had nine children, all born in Royalston. He died 
 Jan. 7, 1859. 
 
 (10) Anna Davis, youngest daughter of John and Joanna 
 (Hix) Davis, born Oct. 12, 1776, married Henry Goddard 
 of Royalston Feb. 22, 1802. They hved for many years on 
 the old home place of John and Joanna (Hix) Davis. They 
 had eight grown-up children. They spent the latter part of 
 their life at the home of their son Davis Goddard in Orange. 
 
 (11) Benjamin Davis, son of John and Joanna (Hix) 
 Davis, born December 25, 1778; he married Priscilla Davis 
 and died in Illinois. 
 
 (12) Barney Davis, twelfth child of John and Joanna (Hix) 
 Davis, born Sept. 24, 1780; he married Susan Thurston 
 of Royalston. They lived in Floyd, N. Y. and raised up 
 a large family of children. 
 
 (13) Daniel Davis, youngest child of John and Joanna 
 (Hix) Davis, was born Oct. 21, 1782. He died May 28, 1820, 
 leaving a widow and four children in the western part of New 
 York State. 
 
 Squire and Althear (Bullock) Davis had seven children: 
 Prudence, Cephas, John, Joseph, Althear, Benjamin and 
 Olive. 
 
 (1) Prudence Davis, oldest child of Squire and Althear 
 (Bullock) Davis, was born May 20, 1787 and married Jacob 
 Parker of Richmond, N. H. March 23, 1814. 
 
^22 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 (2) Cephas Davis, o\(\eiii son of Squire and Althear (Bullock) 
 Davis, was born July 15, 1788, and died Nov. 11, 1813. 
 
 (3) John Davis, the second son, was born Dec. 1, 1789. 
 He married Polly Ccok of Richmond, N. H., Feb. 11, 1816. 
 
 (4) Joseph Davis, third son of Squire and Althear (Bullock) 
 Davis, was born July 18, 1792, married Tamarin Ballon, 
 daughter of Oriel and Hannah (Robinson) Ballon of Richmond, 
 N. H. Jan. 1, 1824. He was one of the largest landholders in 
 Worcester Country owning over a thousand acres. He was 
 a thorough business man, honest and upright in his dealings 
 and held various responsible positions. He died in July, 1869 
 and his wife died Jan. 6, 1879. 
 
 Their children were: Franklin B. born Dec. 1825 died in 
 1829; Emily born Dec. 1827 died in 1859; Tamma born Apr. 
 12, 1829, married E. T. Warner, second, A. J. Fletcher. 
 George B. born Sept. 1832, died 1839; George FrankHn born 
 Sept. 1840 died 1862; Marie E. born Nov. 1841, married 
 Charles T. Tandy, Dec. 6, 1866. 
 
 (5) Althear Davis, the second daughter, was born June 19, 
 1794. 
 
 (6) Benjamin Davis, youngest son, was born July 2, 1800 
 and died at the age of six months. 
 
 (7) Olive Davis, youngest daughter of Squire and Althear 
 (Bullock) Davis was born Sept. 6, 1803; married Adriel 
 White Jan. 16, 1826. They had ten children. 
 
 The children of Asahel and Deborah (Mason) Davis were: 
 Cyrus, Elisha, Ansil, Hannah, Louisa, Daniel, Polly Mason, 
 Hosea. 
 
 (1) Cyrus Davis, oldest son of Asahel and Deborah (Mason) 
 Davis, was born in Royalston, Oct. 15, 1799. He married 
 Dulcena Gale of Royalston, Feb. 21, 1828. He was a farmer 
 by occupation. He was Representative to the General Court 
 from Royalston in 1840, and was one of the Selectmen of 
 the town. He died in 1867. 
 
 (2) Elisha Davis, second son of Asahel and Deborah (Ma- 
 son) Davis was born May 30, 1801; married Hannah Peck 
 June 14, 1829, and married (second) Sarah Morse. 
 
 (3) Ansil Davis, third son of Asahel and Deborah (Mason) 
 Davis, was born July 10, 1803. He married first, Lucretia 
 Johnson who died in New Hampshire; he married (second) 
 Caroline Dudley, by whom he had several children. 
 
DANIEL DAVIS 
 
THE DAVIS FAMILY J/J 
 
 He attended New Salem Academy and taught school, 
 liis education lieing better than the average farmer. He went 
 to Boston and worked long enough to supply him with money 
 to buy a small farm which he purchased in Chesterfield, N. H. 
 Soon after moving on to his farm his wife died and he sold 
 his place and moved to Orange, but after a while went to 
 Warwick, which town he represented in the General Court 
 •of Massachusetts. He died in Warwick in May, 1859. 
 
 (4) Hannah Davis, oldest daughter of Asahel and Deborah 
 (Mason) Davis, was born in Royalston, March 30, 1805. 
 She married first (31iver M. Fisher of Wendell, Sept. 19, 1824, 
 and married (second) Jonathan Wheeler of Athol, by whom 
 she had seven children, two of whom are now living (1915), 
 Mrs. Hollon Farr of Athol and Mrs. Bela Dexter of Rutland, 
 Yt. 
 
 (5) Louisa Davis, second daughter of Asahel and Del)orah 
 (Mason) Davis, was born in Royalston, March 11, 1807. 
 She was a school teacher and married Elbridge Boyden, a 
 well known architect. She died in Worcester in 1888. 
 They had three children. 
 
 Daniel Davis, sixth child of Asahel and Del)orah (Mason) 
 Davis, was born in Royalston, Fel). 4, 1899. He worked at 
 home on the farm summers, attending school in the winter. 
 At the age of seventeen he attended New Salem Academy 
 for one term, and at eighteen he taught school in Richmond, 
 N. H., receiving ten dollars a month and Ijoard. When nine- 
 teen he went to Boston where he remained for six years. At 
 the request of the clerk of Quincy Market, he was appointed 
 a policeman, having charge of the market house, Faneuil Hall, 
 also of the Customs House which at that time, was located in 
 Faneuil Hall. 
 
 When about twenty-five years of age lie was obliged to 
 give up his work in Boston, owing to failure of health, the 
 doctors telling him he could not live two years. He returned 
 to the farm, and for a while taught school in Royalston, also 
 in Orange; later he went out as salesman for Jonathan 
 Wheeler, who then owned a large pail factory in Athol. He 
 traveled over thirteen different states; also, was on the 
 Atlantic for fourteen days during a storm, in which every one 
 was seasick. After this his health was much improved. 
 
314 HISTORY OF ROY ALSTON 
 
 He married July 5, 1842, Miss Liicinda W. Stratton of 
 Athol, who was a sister of Joel D. Stratton, widely known 
 throughout the United States and Great Britain and Ireland, 
 as the man who was the instrument of John B. Gough's 
 reformation. They lived in Athol for several years during 
 which time Mr. Davis was a member of the school committee 
 of Athol for one year. In 1860 he returned to Royalston 
 where he lived the remainder of his life. 
 
 In 1832 he cast his first vote for President, voting for 
 Andrew Jackson when he was elected for his second term. 
 At one time he was a member of the Whig party, and was a 
 delegate to the first Free Soil convention, where Daniel 
 Webster was one of the speakers. He joined the Republican 
 party when it was organized, and most of the time thereafter 
 voted with that party, going three miles from his home in 
 November, 1908, when he was within a few months of one 
 hundred years of age to cast his vote for William H. Taft 
 for President. 
 
 He served the town of Royalston as Selectman, School 
 Committee, Overseer of the Poor and Assessor, and was one 
 of the Historical Committee on the occasion of the Centennial 
 Anniversary of Royalston in 1865, and was also one of the 
 Committee of Publication of the Royalston Memorial of that 
 year. 
 
 He prepared an address for and was present at the Old 
 Home Week Celebration of Royalston held in August, 1910, 
 when he was one hundred and one years and six months of 
 age. He died March 30, 1912 at the age of one hundred 
 and three years, one month and twenty-six days. Daniel 
 and Lucinda (Stratton) Davis had six children. 
 
 The children of Daniel and Lucinda (Stratton) Davis were: 
 Thenais B. Davis, born in Athol, Feb. 12, 1843. She married 
 June 4, 1872 Eugene T. Bixby of Sunderland, Mass. They 
 had two children, Willie E. born in Sunderland March 20, 
 1873 and died in Royalston, Feb. 5, 1898; Harry D. Bixby 
 born in Royalston, Feb. 19, 1875. He married Maude E. 
 Stone of Royalston, Sept. 25, 1900. They resided in Win- 
 chendon and had one daughter, Louise S. born May 3, 1908. 
 He died in 1915. 
 
 Thenais married (2) Ezekiel V. Nelson of Royalston, 
 May, 9, 1894, She died in Royalston, Apr. 10, 1910. 
 
THE DAVIS FAMILY J25 
 
 Hosea D. Davis, oldest son of Daniel and Lucinda (Stratton) 
 Davis was born April 2, 1845. He went to Boston when a 
 yonng man, where he has ever since been in the business of a 
 contractor and builder. He married Mar}- Davis of Boston. 
 They have no children. 
 
 Abby L. horn in Royalston Feb. 17, 1847, died April 1849. 
 
 Emory A. born in Orange, Nov. 17, 1848. He went to 
 California when a young man and engaged in the carpenter and 
 contracting business. He is now retired from business. He 
 never married. 
 
 Charles S. Davis, third son of Daniel and Lucinda (Stratton) 
 Davis, was born in Royalston, Aug. 29, 1851. Lived with his 
 parents in Royalston and Athol until about nineteen years 
 of age when he left home and after spending one year in 
 Boston and one in Athol went to Minneapolis in January, 1874. 
 He married Oct. 11, 1877 Emily Jacobs Forristall of Boston. 
 They have no children. He was engaged with the D. M. 
 Gilmore Furniture Co. in Minneapolis, as general foreman 
 for about eleven years, and then was in the real estate 
 business from that time until about 1900, when he was ap- 
 pointed first truant officer of the public schools of Minneapolis, 
 which position he has held ever since. He has more than 
 forty thousand elementary school children, together with 
 twenty-five private and parochial schools to look after and 
 has two assistants and a clerk. He has been a memlier of 
 the First Baptist Church of Minneapolis for over thirty- 
 three years. 
 
 Willie W. Davis, youngest child of Daniel Davis, was 
 born in Athol, Sept. 25, 1854. He was engaged in the 
 manufacture of furniture in Minneapolis for about twelve years, 
 and then came East and was with the Mason & Hamlin Piano 
 Co. in Boston about three years. He returned to Royalston 
 about fifteen years ago and is engaged in the manufacture of 
 lumber and the turning business, being a member of the firm 
 of Newton & Davis. He never married. 
 
 (7) Polly Mason Davis, daughter of Asahel and Deborah 
 (Mason) Davis, was born in Royalston, July 28, 1812. She 
 was a school teacher and married May 23, 185G, Chester 
 Bancroft of Royalston born in 1808. They made their home 
 in Worcester. She died in Worcester June 23, 1893. They 
 had no children. 
 
316 HISTORY OF ROVALSTOX 
 
 (8) Hosea Davia, youngest child of Asahel and Deborah 
 (Mason) Davis, was born in Royalston, June 21, 1813. S33 
 Sketch in Medical Chapter. 
 
 The children of Joseph and Sophia (White) Davis were: 
 Clarissa, Jai'\ds, Alvin, Lorenzo, Lo\'ina, Czarina, Cemantha,. 
 Feronda. 
 
 (1) Clarissa Davis, oldest daughter of Joseph and Sophia. 
 (White) Davis, was born March 11, 1796. She married 
 Luther Ballou, Dec. 3, 1818. She died in 18(36. 
 
 (2) Jarvis Davis, oldest son of Joseph and Sophia (White) 
 Davis, was bora Dec. 3, 1789. He represented the Town of 
 Royalston in the Legislature of 1856, was a member of the 
 board of selectmen five yeare, and of the assessors three years,, 
 and was a justice of the peace. He died in 1876. 
 
 (3) Alvin Davis, second son of Joseph and vSophia (White) 
 Davis, was born Oct. 7, 1801. He married MeliitabelH. Berry 
 in 1832 or 1833. He started for the gold fields of California^ 
 but died at the Straits of Darien. 
 
 (4) Lorenzo Davis, third son of Joseph and Sophia (White) 
 Davis, was bora Oct. 16, 1803. He went to Putney, Vt. and 
 married Rosana Gale in 1831. 
 
 (5) Lovina Davis, second daughter, was l)orn April 7, 1806, 
 married Lyman Peck, Jan. 15, 1829. They had six children. 
 
 (6) Czarina Davis, third daughter of Joseph and Sophia 
 (White) Davis, was born Aug. 7, 1808. She married Sulivan 
 Peck of Royalston, May 29, 1831. They had five children. 
 
 (7) Cemantha Davis, the youngest daughter, was born Dec. 
 30, 1812. Married Charles Osgood of Boston, March 8, 1837. 
 
 (8) Feronda Davis, the youngest child was born ALirch 23, 
 1819 and died April 10, 1838. 
 
 The children of Cyrus and Dulcena (Gale) Davis were: 
 Marrissa, Helen, Emogene, Galphina, Jay, Dulcena, Cyrus. 
 
 (1) Marissa Davis, oldest child of Cyrus antl Dulcena 
 (Gale) Davis was born in Royalston, Dee. 4, 1828; she mar- 
 ried Lewis H. Keyes. They moved to Athol soon after their 
 marriage, which was their home most of their lives. 
 
 She died in 1909 aged 81. They had four children: 
 Carrie E., Ida F., Helen C. and Everett E. 
 
 (2) Helen M. Davis, second daughter of Cyrus and Dulcena 
 (Gale) Davis, was born March 8, 1831: she married AUiert 
 
THE DAVIS FAMILY 3l7 
 
 Whitaker of New Salem, Sept. 18, 1855, which town was 
 thereafter their home. They celebrated their golden wedding 
 in 1895. Mr. Whitaker died in April 1907, and Mrs. Whitaker 
 made her home with her daughter Mrs. Stella Skinner until 
 her death. They had three children: Stella, A. W. Whitaker 
 and Willie J. Whitaker. 
 
 Stella married Herbert H. Skinner of North Dana; they 
 have three children: Bernice, Margaret and Benjamin. 
 
 A. W. Whitaker married Emily Howard of Keene, N. H.; 
 they have two children, Emily and Ethel. They reside in 
 Worcester where Mr. Whitaker is a practicing physician. 
 
 WiU.ie J. Whitaker married Grace Hayden. They have 
 one child, Vergalene and their home is in New Salem. 
 
 (3) Emogene Davis, third daughter of Cyrus and Dulcena 
 (Gale) Davis, was born April 1, 1836; she married Andrew 
 J. Bennett of Richmond, N. H. They lived most of their 
 married life in Oswego, N. Y., where Mr. Bennett was a rail- 
 road conductor. They had three children, Fred, Lula and 
 Lida Bennett. Mrs. Bennett died in Fel^ruary, 1908. 
 
 (4) Calphina Davis, fourth daughter of Cyrus and Dulcena 
 (Gale) Davis, was born Nov. 21, 1837. She married Dr. 
 A. W. King of Plymouth, 111., where she died in 1868. They 
 had one child Mary King, who married Robert Armstrong 
 of Winnebago, 111. 
 
 (5) Jaij Davis, son of Cyrus and Dulcena (Gale) Davis, 
 was born Jan. 10, 1840. Enlisted in Co. L, 25th Regiment 
 Mass. Volunteers. Was in the army until the regiment 
 disbanded after returning home. He went to Illinois, where 
 he married S. Ellis. Had one child, Robert E. Davis, a 
 mining engineer at Butte, Montana. Jay Davis died in 1901 
 aged 64 years. 
 
 THE MORSE FAMILY 
 
 The Morse Family which first became identified with 
 Royalston history in the opening years of the nineteenth 
 century was a family of importance and became connected 
 by marriage with many of the prominent families of the town. 
 This family traces its ancestry to one Samuel Morse, born in 
 England in 1585, who came to New England in 1635, and 
 
Jig HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 settled in Watertown, Mass.; he removed to Dcdham in 1637, 
 and died at Medfield, April 5, 1654. He brought with him 
 from England his wife Elizabeth, who died June 20, 1654, 
 also his son Joseph Morse, who was born in England in 1615, 
 married Hannah Phillips of Watertown in 1638, and died in 
 Dorchester in 1654. 
 
 Russell Morse of the sixth generation from the above 
 Samuel Morse, was born July 12, 1786, probably at Hub- 
 bardston; he married Betsey Waite July 30, 1807. They 
 settled in the north part of Royal ston on the place first 
 settled by Thomas Perry, later the home of Ammi Faulkner, 
 a leading town officer and moderator of town meetings. 
 
 He was a thrifty farmer and a man of prominence in 
 public affairs, represented the town in the General Court 
 three terms, was Selectman nine years, and Assessor seven 
 years when the election to that office was not combined with 
 that of Selectman. He died Oct. 27, 1869, and his wife 
 Betsey died Nov. 13, 1869. They had seven children: 
 Nelson, Esther, Caroline, Ehza, Russell, Mary and Emehne. 
 
 Nelson Morse, oldest son of Russell and Betsey (Waite) 
 Morse, was born in Royalston Feb. 18, 1810, married Sarah 
 Flagg and moved to Fitzwilliam, N. H., about 1840, and to 
 Keene, N. H., about 1854, where he was for some years 
 keeper of the Cheshire County jail, and aftei wards engaged in 
 the real estate and auction business. He was one of the 
 founders of the St. James Episcopal Church in Keene. He 
 died in Keene Jan. 3, 1883, and his wife Sarah also died 
 there. They had two children, one of whom died in infancy. 
 
 Julius Nelson Morse, son of Nelson and Sarah (Flagg) 
 Morse, was born in Royalston Aug. 5, 1840. When his parents 
 removed to Keene in 1854 he entered the office of the Cheshire 
 Republican and learned the printer's trade. After gaining some 
 experience by working on other papers outside of Keere, in 
 1865 he became part proprietor of the Cheshire Republican, 
 and a little later sole proprietor, and continued as owner and 
 editor until 1878, when he retired from active business. He 
 was an active participant in the affairs of St. James Episcopal 
 Church, a member of the Masonic fraternity, trustee of a 
 savings bank, and vitally interested in humanitarian work 
 and matters pertaining to the improvement of the com- 
 munity. He married Jan. 23, 1888 Elizabeth W. Poole, who 
 
THE MORSE FAMILY j>/9 
 
 died Sept. 28, 1869. He married (second) October, 1874 Anna 
 M. Chase. He died Feb. 21, 1896. 
 
 Esther Morse, daughter of Russell and Betsey Morse, was 
 born in Royalston Jan. 2, 1813. She married George Chase 
 of Royalston in 1836. They had five children. She died 
 Dec. 18, 1906 at the age of ninety-three years and eleven 
 months. She was well preserved ani did not appear to have 
 a weakened sense, and had a glow in her open countenance 
 seldom seen in one of her years. 
 
 Caroline Chase, daughter of Russell and Betsey Morse, was 
 born in Royalston Nov. 15, 1808. She married Chauncy 
 Chase Dec. 2, 1830 and their home was in Boston until 1859 
 when they removed to Royalston. 
 
 Mary Morse was born in Royalston May 6, 1824, married 
 Benjamin Bachelder Bartlett May 23, 1813; they had two 
 children. 
 
 Eliza Morse was born in Royalston Feb. 16, 1815; she 
 married Elmer Bartlett; they had two children. She died in 
 Cambridge Jan. 15, 1905. 
 
 Russel Morse, Jr., son of Russell and Betsey Morse, was 
 bom in Royalston May 17, 1819. He was interested in town 
 affairs, was one of the building committee of the town hall, 
 and a member of the committee of arrangements for the 
 Centennial celebration of 1865. He married Mary Ann 
 Stebbins of Vernon, Vt., Feb. 1, 1843. They had four 
 children: Edmund Russell, Calista Stebb"ns, John Prescott 
 and Jenner. 
 
 Ejiieline, youngest daughter of Russell and Betsey (Waite) 
 Morse, was born in Royalston Feb. 17, 1827. She married 
 Josiah Wilder Sept. 19, 1854; he was born in Winchendon 
 March 4, 1826; later on he lived in Royalston for some time 
 and went to Cincinnati, Ohio a few years before his mar- 
 riage, where he engaged in business. He died July 11, 1888. 
 They had nine children: Florence Louise, born Feb. 4, 1857, 
 married Dec. 5, 1878 Julius Friedeborn; they have one child, 
 Ida Belle born Feb. 13, 1859, married June 21, 1883 Samuel 
 M. Goodman; they have three children. William Hamlin, born 
 Dec. 16, 1861, married June 10, 1884 Ella Taylor, who died in 
 September, 1899; they had one child. William married Dec. 25, 
 1907 Carrie Rothschild; they have two children. Nettie, born 
 Nov. 8, 1863, married May 19, 1887 Howard Carey. Nellie, 
 
J20 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 born Nov. 8, 1863, married May 19, 1887 Lonsdale Green; 
 they have three children. Carrie Chase, born July 4, 1866, 
 married June 12, 1890 Albert Edward Brooks; they have four 
 children. Emma Waite, born July 1, 1869; Mary Elizabeth, 
 born June 23, 1871, died March 1874. Emeline (Morse) 
 Wilder died Feb. 17, 1907 at the age of eighty years. 
 
 THE LEATHE FAMILY 
 
 Francis Leathe of Salem, a ship owner, is the immigrant 
 ancestor of the family of that name in New England. He 
 took the oath of allegiance at Topsfield or Rowley, Mass. in 
 1678. The first member of the family to come to Royalston 
 was Benjamin Leathe of the fifth generation. He was a son 
 of Francis Leathe of the fourth generation, and was born in 
 Woburn, Mass. Nov. 14, 1753. He is said to have partici- 
 pated in that historic "Tea Party" in Boston harbor, and was 
 a soldier in the Revolution, serving in the company of Cap- 
 tain Samuel Sprague, of Chelsea, at the Lexington alarm. 
 He married Lois Walton of Reading. He was a cordwainer 
 or shoemaker, by trade, and after residing in Reading for a 
 time settled in Royalston in the north part of the town, on 
 the farm now owned by Frank B. Frye. He died in 1831 
 and w^as succeeded by his son, Benj. Leathe, Jr. In 1805 he 
 bought the Nathan Cutting place and settled his son John 
 there, who died in 1885 and was succeeded by his son William 
 H. Leathe, the present owner. 
 
 The children of Benjamin and Lois (Walton) Leathe 
 were: Benjamin, born in Reading Oct. 25, 1781; Lois, born in 
 Reading, May 13, 1783, died Aug. 6, 1789; John, born in 
 Reading, Jan. 21, 1785, died Aug. 7, 1789; Betsey, born in 
 Royalston, May 17, 1787; Benjamin Jr., born in Royalston, 
 May 19, 1790; Lois, born in Royalston, June 29, 1792, 
 married Joseph Day of Winchendon, Dec. 12, 1837; John, 
 born Oct. 24, 1794 and Samuel, born May 21, 1800, and died 
 June 1, 1881. 
 
 Benjamin Leathe, Jr., son of Benjamin and Lois (Walton) 
 Leathe, was born in Royalston, May 19, 1790. He settled 
 on the homestead deeded to him by his father in 1827. He 
 married Paulina Chase, daughter of Silas and Diadama Chase, 
 
WILLIAM H. LEATHE 
 
THE LEATHE FAMILY 321 
 
 Aug. 11, 1814. Their children were: John Walton, born Jan, 
 
 22, 1815, married Folly Morse of ritzwilliam, N. H., Nov. 15, 
 1828; William M., born March 22, 1821 of whom a sketch 
 will be found in another chapter of this work; Paulina Ann 
 born Aug. 8, 1828; Sarah Garfield, born June 11, 1823 and 
 Benjamin Franklin, born Nov. 24, 1831. John Leathe, son of 
 Benjamin and Lois (Walton) Leathe, was born in Royalston, 
 Oct. 24, 1794. He lived on the place that he occupied at his 
 death for more than seventy years. He was a man of great 
 physical endurance, performing the most severe labor with no 
 apparent fatigue until the approach of old age, and was an 
 esteemed citizen of the town. He died in 1885 at the age of 
 ninety-one years being at the time of his death the oldest 
 person in town; he married Polly Morse of Fitzwilliam Nov. 
 15, 1828. The children of John and Polly (Morse) Leathe 
 were: Mary E., born Nov. 23, 1829, married Amos Hubbard 
 of Royals- on; she died Aug. 16, 1600; their children: Eleanor 
 M., born Sept. 5, 1849, married John McRae of Gardner; 
 Ehzabeth M., born Dec. 19, 1851, married Calvin W. Wilson 
 of Gardner; Flora F. born Feb. 20, 1856, married Sidney B. 
 Fairbanks of Gardner; Estella C., born Sept. 20, 1864, died 
 Sept. 30, 1866; Betsey W., born Feb. 10, 1831, died Sept. 6, 
 1851; John F., born May 26, 1832, married Lucy L. Alger of 
 Winchendon; their chilc'ren are: Walter F. leathe, born July 
 26, 1860, and Mary L., who married Everett Fisher of Royal- 
 ston; Rehekuh H., 1 orn Nov. 22, 1833, married Benjamin Alger 
 of Winchendon; their son William B. Alger was born June 3, 
 1867; Martha F., born Dec. 15, 1835, married James S. Piper 
 of Royalston; Elvira R., born Aug 18, 1838, married Elma L. 
 Hale of Winchendon; their daughter Alice E. Hale, born April 
 
 23, 1873, died^April 22, 1889. Mrs. Hale died June 21, 1895. 
 
 William H. Leathe, son of John and Polly (Morse) Leathe, 
 was born in Royalston June 21, 1840, and succeeded his 
 father on the farm which had come down from his gi'and- 
 father and which has always been his home. He has always 
 taken an active interest in town affairs, and was for many 
 years on the Board of Assessors, serving from 1900 to 1913 
 continuously. He has always been deeply interested in the 
 history of the town, and probably no man living today is 
 better posted on the history of the past than he. It was at 
 
322 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 his suggestion that the article regarding the pubheation of a 
 town history was fiist put in town meeting warrant. 
 
 He married Frances R. Williamson of Royalston March 13, 
 1890. Their children are John H. Leathe, born Sept. 2, 1890, 
 married Elsa Ruth Allsen of Boston, May 25, 1912; their 
 home is in Royalston. 
 
 Herbert H. Leathe, born July 13, 1895, lives at home 
 with his parents. 
 
 LYMAN STONE FAMILY 
 
 Lyman Stone, for many years a leading citizen and town 
 officer of Royalston, was born in Dover, Vt. March 4, 1825, 
 the youngest of the seven children of Jonathan and Sophia 
 (Miller) Stone. His father died when Lyman was four months 
 old, and the mother had a hard fight to bring up the family. 
 When five years old he went to Fitzwilliam, N. H. to live, 
 which was his home until he was twenty-one years old. 
 In that time he had accumulated by hard work and saving, 
 four hundred dollars, and owned three suits of clothes. This 
 was his freedom capital, and with it he set up a sawmill on 
 Otter brook, at a place where these animals had built a dam. 
 It was formerly Lieut. Allen's mill and was established 
 more than a century ago. He carried on business at this 
 mill for more than half a century when he leased the mill to 
 his son-in-law, Herbert 0. Smith. 
 
 He was married Feb. 14, 1850 to Miss Marilla Amanda 
 Waste, daughter of Ebenezer and Lucinda (Grant) Waste 
 of Whitingham, Vt., and took his bride to a house that he 
 had just built across the street from his mill, and which was 
 their home until the death of Mr. Stone, and is still the 
 home of Mrs. Stone, it having been sixty-five years since she 
 came there as a bride. Their golden wedding anniversary 
 was celebrated there Feb. 14, 1900, when a family dinner was 
 served to which thirty-nine persons, being descendants and 
 their husbands and wives, sat down, and in the afternoon a 
 public reception was held which was largely attended by the 
 townspeople. Mr. Stone was prominent in town affairs, 
 having been selectman, assessor, school committeeman, high- 
 way surveyor many terms. He never was a member of any 
 
THE LEATHE FAMILY 323 
 
 club or secret society. The only business he was engaged in 
 was lumbering and the turning out of chair stock in which he 
 did a large business, employing a number of men and teams, 
 and in which he was engaged for fifty-four years. He had 
 traveled considerable, having been to California, the West 
 and South, and to Nova Scotia. Mr. Stone died Sept. 21, 
 1900. They had nine children of whom eight are now 
 living (1915). All were born in Royalston. 
 
 The children of Lyman and Marilla Amanda (Waste) 
 Stone were Edward Ljmian, born March 31, 1852; Clarence 
 E., born Jan. 10, 1854, married Mary Isabel Averill of North 
 Newcastle, Me. Jan. 10, 1876; Emma Marilla, born Nov. 24, 
 1855, married. Sidney Tha3^er of Athol, Nov. 18, 1875; their 
 home is in South Athol; Mary Lucinda, born Sept. 23, 1858, 
 married James Grville Hayden of Boxboro, Mass. ; they live 
 in Somerville, Mass.; Hattie Maria, born Oct. 15, 1862, 
 married George E. Carkins of New Hampshii-e July 4, 1882; 
 Julia Lillian, born June, 4, 1866, married Alonzo Sanderson 
 Parker of Athol; Cora Viola, born May 7, 1868, married 
 George H. Eichards Dec. 24, 1892; Lizzie Amelia, born Dec. 
 11, 1869, died Feb. 23, 1870; AHce Ella, born Jan. 11, 1871, 
 married Herbert Oliver Smith of Troy, N. H. Nov. 24, 1898. 
 
 Eduard Lyman Stone, oldest son of Lyman and Marilla 
 (Waste) Stone was born in Royalston, March 31, 1852. He 
 attended school in the old No. 2 District, and also went for 
 three Fall teims to the High School at Royalston Centre. At 
 nineteen years of age he left school and went to work in his 
 father's sawmill in Royalston. On March 31, 1875 he mar- 
 ried Emma Frances Collins of Fitzwilliam, N. H., who was 
 born in Wai-wick, Mass., Oct. 9, 1853. They lived in Royal- 
 ston until Nov. 1, 1877, when they moved to Fitzwilliam 
 Depot, N. H., where Mr. Stone became a member of the 
 firm of Burbank & Stone, and started in the sawmill and 
 grist mill business, cutting out pail s-t-ock, lumber, etc. In 
 1878 the partnership was dissolved, after which the l)usiness 
 went under the name of E. L. Stone. In April, 1894 the 
 mill was destroyed by fire, but was rebuilt the same year. 
 He continued in the chair business and the getting out of 
 lumber, boxes, etc., until May 1, 1913, when he transferred the 
 business to his son, R. W. Stone, who has since conducted it. 
 
^24 HISTORY OF ROY ALSTON 
 
 Edward Lyman and Emma (Collins) Stone had two. 
 children: Robert Waldo, born Aug. 7, 1862 and Cora Viola 
 Stone, born in Royalston, May 9, 1869, married in Royalston 
 by Rev. A. M. Rice to George Henry Richards of Hubbard-, 
 ston, Mass., Dec. 24, 1891; they had four children born in 
 Royalston, Fitzwilliam, N. H. and Athol. Mr. Richards 
 died June 9, 1909. Mrs. Richards resides in Athol. 
 
 Julia Lillian Stone, l)orn in Royalston June 4, 1866, married, 
 in Royalston by Rev. Milton Pond to Alonzo S. Parker of 
 Athol, June 17, 1885; they had two children born in Royal- 
 ston and Temple ton. 
 
 ELDER WIGHTMAN JACOBS FAMILY 
 
 The Jacobs family of Royalston are descended from Nath- 
 aniel Jacobs, who is believed to have been bjrn in Bristol, R. L, 
 July 6, 1683, and was married Oct. 22, 1713, to "Mary, sister 
 of Rev. Valentine Wightman," who planted the first Baptist 
 church in Connecticut in 1705. According to tradition he was 
 descended from Edward Wightman, the last man burned for 
 heresy in England in 1612. 
 
 Nathaniel Jacobs removed from Bristol to Woodstock, 
 Conn., about 1730, and later to Thompson, Conn., in a section 
 sparsely settled, bordering on primeval forest. His place be- 
 came one for rest and refreshment to many travelers from 
 Connecticut or Boston, and in later years became popular 
 and widely known tis the H^ If-way House between Boston and 
 Hartford, and during the Re/olutionary War the "Old Jacobs 
 Tavern" entertained many well-known leaders and officers. 
 Young Nathan Hale, on his journey to Boston one cold morning 
 in the winter of '76, reports "breakfasting at Jacobs' Tavern." 
 Its most distinguished guest was the first American, General 
 Washington, who breakfasted at the house of "one Jacobs," 
 when returning from Boston on the first Presidential Tour 
 November 7, 1789. The old tavern had traditions of romance 
 as well as of business and public affairs. 
 
 Wightman Jacobs, son of Nathaniel, became a leader among 
 the Baptists when a young man, and was selected as their pastor, 
 being formally ordained and installed in service in 1750, the 
 first minister raised up in Thompson. He remained pastor of 
 
THE ELDER WIGHTMAN JACOBS FAMILY 325 
 
 this church nearly twenty years, and in 1769 removed to 
 Royalston, Mass., and was the first settled pastor of the West 
 Royalston Baptist church, being installed Dec. 13, 1870, and 
 served the church as pastor for sixteen years. A part of this 
 time his home was in the northerly part of Athol, on Chestnut 
 Hill, being the farm now owned and occupied by Frank W. 
 Whitney; while another place that was his abode for some time, 
 was half way up "Jacobs' Hill'' where Mr. Clement resided for 
 many years. He died at the home of his son, Joseph, in Royal- 
 ston March 28, 1801, from a fall. He was one of the strong and 
 dominating characters of early Royalston history, and his in- 
 fluence has been felt all through the years, his descendants 
 having been prominent and useful citizens of Royalston and 
 other towns and cities of New England and the country. Her- 
 bert Adams, the well-known sculptor, is a descendant of Elder 
 Wightman Jacobs in the fifth generation. 
 
 SIMEON JACOBS, JR., FAMILY 
 
 Simeon Jacoljs, Jr., was born February 5, 1783. He married 
 Molly Kenney April 10, 1805, and lived on the farm now owned 
 by Myron W. Sherwood, where he was one of the old time land- 
 lords, his home being one of the taverns of the town. He died 
 Sept. 4, 1824, at the age of forty-one, leaving a family of nine 
 boys, the oldest of whom was less than nineteen years of age, and 
 the youngest a little over a year at the time of his father's death. 
 The children were: Ira, born Dec. 17, 1805, married Emeline 
 Cohen in 1829; Isaac, born Dec. 22, 1807; Moses, born Nov. 
 25, 1809, married Lydia Clark of Howard Patent, N. Y., in 
 1836; Sumner, born Jan. 12, 1812, married Susan Clapp in 1835, 
 and second, Mary Higgins in 1845; Simeon, born April 11, 1814, 
 married Ann Lomans of Columbia, Conn., and their descend- 
 ants are now living in that vicinity; Horace, born April 5, 1816, 
 married Emily Owen of Westfield, Mass., whose father owned 
 a large part of Mount Tom. His early education was obtained 
 in the schools of Royalston. He became an eminent physician 
 of Springfield. His children were: Dr. Chauncy A. Jacobs and 
 Mary Jacobs of Springfield; Horace Jacobs of Boston, Rachel B, 
 Jacobs, who was one of the foremost women of Springfield, 
 a graduate of Vassar College, for twelve years a member of 
 
J26 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 the school committee of Springfield and active in both church 
 and charity matters; and Miriam Jacobs who married Rev. 
 A. F. Rice, a prominent Methodist minister of the New England 
 Conference; Enoch, born Feb. 5, 1819; and Alonzo, born in 
 1821; Philander Jacobs, the youngest member of the family 
 born July 3, 1823, was adopted by a family by the name of 
 Forristal and was thenceforth known as Philander Jacobs 
 Forristal. He married Sally Ann Pitman of Boston March 
 26, 1846, and became a prominent merchant in Boston. He 
 bought the old home of his father in Royalston for a summer 
 residence, where his family spent their summers for many years. 
 
 FRANCIS JACOBS FAMILY 
 
 Francis Jacobs, son of Thomas and Elizabeth (Bennett) 
 Jacobs, was born Aug. 13, 1807. He was a farmer, a man of 
 sterling character, and was closely identified with the work of the 
 Baptist church in West Royalston, being one of its deacons. He 
 married Parney Goddard of Royalston Nov. 28, 1837. Their 
 children were: Thomas A., born Sept. 21, 1838, he was drowned 
 Aug. 8, 1860; Czaranina White, born June8, 1841, married Erwin 
 J. Fuller of Mariboro, N. H., Sept. 16, 1865; and Bela J. Jacobs, 
 born Nov. 5, 1839. His early life was that of an ordinary farmer's 
 boy. Hiseducation was received in the district school and Shel- 
 burne Falls academy and Powers Institute, Bernardston, Mass. 
 He worked on the farm summers and taught school winters for 
 several years. In company with Erwin J. Fuller he went to 
 Leominster in 1867, and bought out a drug store to which they 
 afterwards added groceries. In 1881 he went to Natick and 
 went into the hardware store of W. D. Parlin as salesman. 
 He has been an active worker \n the Baptist church and Sunday 
 school in the different places where he has resnled, and has been 
 a teacher in the Sunday school almost continuously for over 
 fifty years. After going to Natick he was chosen clerk of the 
 church and one of the senior deacons. He married Mary A. 
 Stowell of Claremont, N. H., Nov. 29, 1866. She died Nov. 
 1, 1870. They had two children: Etta M., born Feb. 27, 1868; 
 and Irving S., born Nov. 1, 1870. 
 
 Etta M. married W. Cook of Natick, optician and jeweler. 
 
THE FRANCIS JACOBS FAMILY 327 
 
 Irving S., married Grace E. Mansfield of Everett. He is 
 in the clothing business in Natick, firm name, Jacobs and 
 Southland. 
 
 Bela J. Jacobs married (2) Josephine C. Walker of New 
 Brunswick Oct. 10, 1871. Two children: Ernest L., born Jan. 
 19, 1873, and Helena J., born Nov. 10, 1874. Ernest L. married 
 Ellen J. Hardie of Natick; he is in the dry goods firm of W. H. 
 Colby and Co., Natick. Helena J. married Lloyd Brown of 
 Keene, N. H., a graduate of Brown university, they live in 
 Detroit, Mich. 
 
 Whitman Jacobs, son of Thomas and Elizabeth (Bennett) 
 Jacobs was born Sept. 11, 1809, in West Royalston. The chil- 
 dren of Whitman Jacobs were: Alonzo W. Jacobs, born Feb. 
 25, 1853; George D., who died in 1884; Rufus M., who lived 
 in Putney, Vt.; and John T. of West Royalston. 
 
 Alonzo W. Jacobs was in the market business in Athol for a 
 short time and then went to Greeley, Colorado, in 1878. He 
 soon after started in the meat busmess which he continued in 
 the same place for thirty-six years, being one of the oldest firms 
 in the city. He retired from business in 1914 and is now looking 
 after his extensive farming interests. He married Lillian Brock- 
 way of New Brunswick, May 30, 1883. They had two sons. 
 
 THE CLEMENT FAMILY 
 
 The Clement family of Royalston are descended from a 
 Presbyterian minister of Scotland, who in a time when the 
 Catholic religion prevailed, with his family and many others 
 emigrated to Ulster county, Ireland, for the sake of religious 
 liberty. He had three children, one of whom, James Clement, 
 was the first one of the family to come to America. He married 
 Lydia Harris and settled in Massachusetts. 
 
 William Clement, one of the early settlers of Royalston, 
 settled on the road leading from Lieut. Jonas Allen's place to 
 the common. He was a soldier of the Revolution and was in 
 the battle of Bunker Hill. He married Anna Nichols, daughter 
 of Henry Nichols, March 30, 1780. They had nine children, 
 all born in Royalston, of whom two died in infancy: Isaac, 
 born Oct. 16, 1780, married Mary Town, daughter of William 
 Town, Aug. 9, 1801; EHzabeth, born April 5, 1782, married Asa 
 
^2S HISTORY OF ROY ALSTON 
 
 Bacheller, son of Dr. Stephen Baeheller, Fen., June 2, 1805; 
 Sally, born Dec. 24, 1784, married Oct. 10, 1803, Isaac Prouty, 
 who bought the farm and tannery that was established by 
 William Brown; Mercy, born March 17, 1789, married Ira 
 Bragg Nov. 18, 1810; William, born Dec. 7, 1786; Dilly, born 
 Oct. 4, 1794; and Charlotte, born Nov. 19, 1796. About 1810 
 William Clement, with a part of his family moved to Croyden, 
 N. H., where he died at the age of eighty-five. 
 
 William Clement, Jr., who went to Croyden with his father, 
 married Rosanna Cooper of Croyden and later returned to 
 Royalston; had four .children: Benjamin F., Sylvander, William 
 and Jane R., who married Ebenezer Whitney, Aug. 13, 1848. 
 
 Benjamin F. Clement, son of William Clement, Jr., was 
 born in Croyden, N. H., Aug. 29, 1812, and died June 8, 1851. 
 He had five children: Henry S., born March 19, 1835; Will A., 
 born Feb. 2, 1841, died Dec. 24, 1864; Edna, born Aug. 3, 1839, 
 died Nov. 18, 1857; Asa B., born April 10, 1849, died Nov. 18, 
 1905; Dwight E., born Nov. 9, 1836. 
 
 Duright E. Clement, son of Benjamin F. Clement, born Nov. 
 9, 1836. He lived in Royalston before his marriage and since 
 then has lived in Tully where he has been engaged in farming. 
 He had three children: Charles, born March 11, 1868, and died 
 in July 1868; Cora E., born June 27, 1869; and Walter H., born 
 Aug. 26, 1870. 
 
 William- W. Clemvit, was born in Croyden, N. H., May 14, 
 1819. He came to Royalston with his father and was engaged 
 in farming. He became prominent in town affairs serving on 
 the board of selectmen from 1859 to 1865 inclusive, and was 
 also on the board of assessors. He went into market gardening 
 near Boston for a few years, but leturned to Royalston and was 
 again one of the selectmen from 1871 to 1875 inclusive and also 
 an assessor. He also represented this district in the legislature 
 of 1866. During the latter part of his life, his home was what 
 has been known as the Joseph T. Nichols place on the common. 
 He died Aug. 11, 1876. 
 
 THE ESTEY FAMILY 
 
 One of the most prominent families of the earliest settlers 
 of Royalston was the Estey family, whose name is said to have 
 
THE ESTEV FAMILY 329 
 
 been derived from the colony of Padua, Italy, in the seventh 
 century. The members of the family soon spread westward 
 and now they are to be found in France, England and America. 
 The American branches of the family were said to have been 
 planted by three brothers who came from England. Jeffrey 
 Estey (or Easty as the name frequently appeared), was an 
 early settler at Salem and Beverly. He was probably a Quaker. 
 His wife, Elizabeth, bore him two children, Edward and Isaac. 
 Isaac, known as Sergeant Eastey, lived in Topsfield, Mass., and 
 was selectman of that town from 1681 to 1687. His wife, Mary, 
 born in Yarmouth, England, who came with her parents, William 
 and Joanna (Blessing) Towne, was a victim of the Salem witch- 
 craft persecutions and was executed Sept. 22, 1692, as had been 
 her sister, Rebecca Nourse, previously. Jacob, son of Isaac 
 and Mary Eastey, the fifth son in the family of nine children, 
 inherited the homestead and lived in Topsfield. He was select- 
 man in 1725 and died in 1732. His wife, Lydia Elliott, bore 
 liim five children. (3f these, Isaac, born in 1715, lived in Tops- 
 field, Mass., until 1740. when he removed to Sutton, Mass., 
 and subsequently settled in Royalston som.etime before 1767, 
 for that year he was one of the selectmen of Eoyalston. 
 His aged mother came to town with him, and rode in a chaise, 
 which it required several men to steady and help over the ob- 
 structions of the way. She was the first adult female that died 
 in Rovalston. He settled the first place west of the common, 
 near the foot of Jacob's Hill, so-called. He was one of the 
 eight persons who "embodied" with the 1st Baptist church 
 of Royalston in 1768, and became its first deacon. He was a 
 man of considerable property and a highly respected citizen. 
 He married Sirah Gould Nov. 1, 1743. He died in 1792. His 
 wife, Sarah Goukl, bore him two children, Jacob and Kepsil:)ah. 
 Jacjh Estey, son of Isaac and Sarah (Gould) Estey was 
 born Aug. 10, 1744; he came to Royalston with his father, and 
 inherited the homestead and also succeeded his father as deacon 
 of the Baptist church. Ele was a man of importance in town 
 affairs, serving on the board of selectmen for several years, also 
 assessor and school committee, and was on many important 
 committees. He married Sarah Chamberlain. They both 
 died in 1829, aged respectively eighty-five and eighty years. 
 The children of Jacob and Sarah (Chamberlain) Estey were: 
 Isaac, Sarah. Israel, John, Joseph and Pollc}'. 
 
j:jq history OF ROYALSTON 
 
 Isaac Esteij, the eldest son and his brother Israel settled 
 in Hinsdale, N. H., where they built a saw mill and engaged 
 in the manufacture of lumber. The enterprise, however, proved 
 far from prosperous, and as the statute law then permitted im- 
 prisonment for debt, under its provisions Isaac Estey was 
 arrested and thrown into the county jail as a debtor. Upon 
 his release he resorted to agriculture for the support of himself 
 and family, and passed the remainder of his life in that pursuit. 
 His wife was Patty Forbes, daughter of James and Abigail 
 Forbes, who bore him eight children. 
 
 Jacob Estey, sixth child of Isaac and Patty (Forbes) Estey, 
 was born in Hinsdale, N.H., Sept. 30, 1814. When four years 
 old he was adopted by a wealthy family in Hinsdale, and after 
 spending nine years under their roof, at the age of thirteen he 
 left his foster parents and walked to Worcester, Mass., where 
 one of his older brothers resided. The following four years 
 he labored upon farms in the towns of Rutland, Millbury and 
 vicinity. When seventeen years old he apprenticed himself 
 to a firm in Worcester in order to learn the plumber's trade and 
 the manufacture of lead pipe. Before he attained his majority 
 he resolved to establish himself in business and for this purpose 
 he removed to Brattleboro, Vt., where he commenced busi- 
 ness with his hard earned savings of $200 as sole capital. From 
 the beginning he was successful, and established a reputation 
 for ability and probity whii h he always retained. In 1848 he 
 erected a large building and rented the upper part of it to the 
 proprietors of a small melodeon factory, Init as they were unable 
 to pay the rent, Mr. Estey accepted in 1850 an interest in their 
 business in payment of his claims and a few years afterwards 
 purchased the entire establishment. He devoted much time to 
 this new industry and in the course of a few years thought best 
 to dispose of his plumbing business and give his attention ex- 
 clusively to the making of organs. He erected a second and 
 larger building, but in the fall of 1857 both buildings were 
 destroyed by fire. He rebuilt at once, but in 1864 the new 
 establishment was also destroyed by fire, but he promptly 
 erected a much larger building. In 1866 his son-in-law, Levi 
 K. Fuller, and his son, Julius J. Estey, were admitted to part- 
 nership with himself. In 1869 a new location was secured and 
 large buildings erected to accommodate the rapidly increasing 
 business, which developed into Brattleboro's leading and besi 
 
THE ESTKY FAMILY JJ/ 
 
 known industry. Mr. Estey was always a strong advocate 
 of the republican party and in 18G8 and 1869 represented Brattle- 
 boro in the state legislature and was also a member of the state 
 senate from Windham county in the biennial sessions of 1872 
 and 1874. He was one of the principal movers in the organiza- 
 tion of the First Baptist church in Brattleboro in 1840 and 
 was during his life one of its most active and liberal supporters, 
 holding the position of deacon, as did his grand-father and 
 great grandfather in the early history of the Royalston church. 
 His death on April 15, 1890, was a great loss to the community 
 in which he had lived so many years. He was married May 2, 
 1837, to Desdeniona, daughter of David and Anna (Kendall) 
 Wood of Brattleboro. They had three children, the eldest of 
 whom died young; the others were: Abby E., and Julius J. Estey. 
 
 THE GARFIELD FAMILY 
 
 The first membei of the Garfield family connected with 
 L'oy^lston history was Joshua Garfield who was born in Shrews- 
 bury, Mass., Dec. 23, 1751. He was a soldier in the Revolution, 
 and went to Warwick where he bought a farm, which he after- 
 wards exchanged for one in Royalston to which place he moved 
 'n 1784. He married Abigail Rawson of Sutton, Mass. They 
 had eleven children, the six youngest of whom were born in 
 Royalston. The oldest son, Charles, settled in Ohio about 1830; 
 Artemas and Caleb settled in Vermont; Joshua, twin brother 
 of Caleb, died young, as did John, twin brother of Abigail- 
 Lucy married Gideon Horton Dec. 16, 1801; Nelly married 
 David Cook July 16, 1815; Hannah married Eliphalet Chase 
 July 28, 1813; and Anna married Sylvester Walker of Townsend, 
 Vt., March 31, 1813, Joshua Garfield d-ed May 6, 1828, aged 
 seventy-six years, and Abigail his wife died March 15, 1831, 
 aged seventy-five years. 
 
 Moses Gcvjield, second son of Joshua and Abigail (Rawson) 
 Garfield, was born in Warwick Dec. 7, 1777. He married Mary, 
 daughter of Aaron and Mary (Woodbury) Bliss, Feb. 6, 1799; 
 she died Aug. 3, 1836. They bought the farm previously owned 
 by his father, Joshua. He was a soldier in the war of 1812 and 
 was a farmer in Royalston all his active life. 
 
:?72' HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 Moses :ind Mary (Bliss) Garfield bad twelve children: Ira, 
 Eri, Mary and Joshua died in infancy; Gardner, born Nov. 5, 
 1805; Ansel H., April 21, 1807; Andrew B., Jan. 8, 1809; Susan 
 M., March 25, 1811; Nancy A., Feb. 9, 1813, Moses; Oct. 11, 
 1816; A1)igail R., July 16, 1820; Julia A., Aug. 17, 1825; Gard- 
 ner Garfield married Fanny Kennedy; Ansel H. mairied Elvira 
 Raymond Nov. 8, 1838. These brothers owned adjoining 
 farm, and occupied a large house, each owning half, situated 
 at the "city" so called. Gardner died Mar. 2, 1883, aged seventy- 
 S3ven years and Fanny, his wife, died Nov. 16, 1888, at the 
 age of seventy-nine years. Ansel H. died Nov. 14, 1857, aged 
 fifty and Elvira his wife Oct. 8, 1852, aged forty-nine. 
 
 Andrew Bliss Garfield, son of Moses and Mary (Bliss) 
 Garfield, born at Royalston, Jan. 8, 1809. He received his 
 education in the schools of his native town and worked during 
 his youth and early manhood on the farm. He learned the 
 trade of millwright while a young man. He settled hi Mill- 
 bury, Mass., and worked on the construction and changes of 
 many of the mills of the Blackstone valley, in which he accu- 
 mulated a fortune. He married Jan. 8, 1835, Hannah D. Dwinell 
 of Millbury; she died April 3, 1892. They had six children: 
 Moses Dwinell, Andrew Paine, Hannah Eliza, Julia God- 
 dard, Susan Maria and Leonard Dwinell. Abigail R. Garfield 
 married Wilcut Harwood of Barre, Mass., in 184-1. He fol- 
 lowed the occupation of a farmer all his life. They had two 
 children: Julia Maria, wife of David B. Hilton of Barre; and 
 Emma, wife of Andrew P. Garfield. Mrs. Harwood died April 
 7, 1900, the last one of the twelve children of Moses and Mary 
 Bliss Garfield. 
 
 Moses Garfield, Jr., son of Moses and Mary (Reed) Garfield, 
 was born in Royalston Oct. 11, 1816. He married Mary Salina 
 Boom of Richmond, N. H., Dec 21, 1848. He died Oct. 9, 1899; 
 and his wife, July 14, 1899. They had five children: INIary 
 Abbie, l)orn Dec. 13, 1849, and died in Royalston June 20, 1880, 
 of consumption, she had taught twenty-one terms of school; 
 Ellen Salina, born Jan. 25, 1851, and after teaching school foi 
 a few years married James C. Prentice of Warwick. She diet! 
 in TuUy July 28, 1910; Julia Elvira, born in Richmond, N. H., 
 she taught school for awhile and then married Charles Richardson 
 of Roynlston, they ha;l one son, Charles Ernest; Fannie Maria, 
 died in infancy; Flora Jane, born in Royalston Oct. 6, 186!^ 
 
MOSRS GARFIKIJ), JR. 
 
 WILLIAM W. CLKMENT 
 
 STKPIIKN RICHARDSON 
 
THE GARFIELD FAMILY . JJJ 
 
 after teaching a few terms of school she married, Dec. 24, 1881, 
 Thomas C. Butterworth of Royalston as his second wife. Mr. 
 Butterworth was born in Worcester Jan. 17, 1849, and was a 
 steam-fitter by trade. They had four children. Mr. Butter- 
 worth died Jan. 16, 1912. The farm is now carried on by a son, 
 Spencer Garfield Butterworth, who was born in Royalston 
 Oct. 30, 1895. 
 
 THE SHEBNA PAINE FAMILY 
 
 Shchna Paine was born in Greenwich, Mass., Nov. 4, 1801. 
 His ancestors were among the early settlers of Truro, Mass., 
 on Cape Cod. When he was about 16 years old his father was 
 lost at sea and on the son devolved the care of his widowed 
 mother and an invalid brother. Later on he learned the shoe- 
 maker's trade serving an apprenticeship for several years. 
 About 1828 he came to Royalston and bought a small tract 
 of land of Nathaniel Bragg on which he bu^lt a shop and his 
 house. He worked at his trade for about twenty-five years 
 and in that time made the shoes for most of the people for miles 
 around. His health at that time forbade his work in-doors, 
 and the rest of his life he spent farming. He was married Jan. 
 5, 1830, to Almira Conant of Warwick. She was born April 
 21, 1806, in Warwick, and her ancestors on ])oth sides were 
 among the earliest settlers of that town. He brought her to 
 the home he had built for her where they both spent the rest 
 of their long and useful lives. She died Jan. 12, 1878, and he 
 died May 4, 181 9, aged 87 years, six months. They were devoted 
 workers in the cause of religion, education and temperance 
 and were held in high esteem by the people of the town. Six 
 children were born to them, two of whom died in infancy. The 
 children were: Charles G. G., Sarah Leonard, Mary Elizabeth 
 and Ellen Almira. 
 
 Charles G. G. Paine, oldest child of Shebna and Almira 
 (Conant) Paine, was born Sept. 30, 1833, in Royalston. He 
 fitted for college at Royalston and Ware high schools and grad- 
 uated from Amherst college in 1861, being Salutatorian of his 
 class. After graduating he was principal of the Grafton high 
 school and later teacher of Greek and Latin in the Highland 
 Military Academy, Worcester, principal of the Cambridge 
 
jjjf. HISTORY OF ROY ALSTON 
 
 Classical institute, superintendent of the schools of the American 
 missionary association for the Freedmen, Hampton, Va., teacher 
 in the Boston Latin school and of mental science in the Chicago 
 high school, and was teaching in Detroit, Mich., when he died 
 suddenly of heart failure in 1892. He married, Dec. 31, 1863, 
 Linda T., daughter of John T. Whitney of Milton, Mass. He 
 was survived by one daughter, Lillie W. Paine, who has been 
 a successful teacher in the high school of Detroit for nearly 
 twenty-five years. 
 
 Sarah L. Paine was born Aug. 21, 1835. She was a student 
 at Mount Holyoke seminary, and from there went to Ashtabula, 
 Ohio, where she taught for five years in the grammar school 
 of that city. She married Amos C. Fish, a flour dealer and 
 prominent business man of that place, Aug. 21, 1861. He died 
 in 1891. They had an adopted daughter. Kit tie Clover Fish, 
 who resides with her mother, and one son, Amos P. Fish, an 
 electrician of Philadelphia, Pa. 
 
 Manj E. Paine was born Aug. 10, 1841. She was a student 
 at Mt. Holyoke seminary and in 1864 graduated from the 
 state normal school at Salem. She had planned to spend her 
 time in teaching, but her health did not allow her to do so. 
 She still resides at the old home which has been in the Paine 
 family about eighty-five years. She is especially interested 
 in the study of the birds of Royalston. 
 
 Ellen A. Paine was born Nov. 30, 1844. She graduated 
 from the Salem normal school in 1864, after which she spent 
 several years in teaching. She married Barnum A. Searle of 
 Southampton, Mass., Nov. 12, 1872. He was a successful 
 farmer in Royalston and Athol for over thirty years. Several 
 years ago they removed to his native town of Southampton. 
 Two children were born to them in Royalston. 
 
 Sarah Paine Searle, horn Nov. 11, 1874, married Fred N. 
 Clark, a farmer of Easthampton, Mass., they have one daughter, 
 Zoe Searle Clark. 
 
 Frederic L. Searle, born Nov. 13, 1876, is a machinist in 
 Athol, Mass. He married Ruth A. Randall of Athol, and they 
 have a son, Randall Brooks Searle. 
 
THE PRATT FAMILY 33S 
 
 THE HEYWOOD FAMILY 
 
 Silos Heywnod married Hannah Goddard of Shrewsbury, 
 Mass., Nov. 11, 1779. He settled on a farm in Royalston in 
 the northeast part of the town about 1780. His family was one 
 of the sufferers in the epidemic of 1795, five of his children dying 
 in that year. He was succeeded on his farm by his son, Silas, 
 Jr., who married Hannah Heywood of Winchendon. 
 
 Solymon Heyvood married Harriet Holman Nov, 25, 1829. 
 Their children were: Sidney Holman, born Jan. 24, 1831, and 
 died Aug. 18, 1833; Stephen Holman, born Sept. 4, 1833; Sid- 
 ney Solymon, born Oct. 30, 1839, Mary Jane, born Aug. 10, 
 1837; and Harriet EHzabeth, born Jan. 3, 1841. 
 
 Sidney Solymon Heywood enlisted in Co. A, 21st regiment 
 Massachusetts volunteers. He served three years and was 
 wounded three times. After the war he lived in Holyoke, Mass., 
 New York City, and for many years in Jackson, Mich., where 
 he had a large flour mill and was one of the prominent business 
 men of the city, being president of the Eldred Milling Co. He 
 married Clara Jane Chapin of Rochester in 1870. She died 
 the same year and he married second, Mary Adelaide Lyman 
 of Jackson in 1878. Mr. Heywood was a man quiet in manner, 
 quaint in expression and impressed himself strongly in the 
 affection and respect of all whom he was thrown in contact 
 with. He died at Jackson June 17, 1911. He had three sons, 
 Sidney and Stephen of Jackson, Harry of Indianapolis, Ind., 
 and two daughters, Mrs. Gilbert Loomis of Detroit, and Mrs. 
 John Bennet of Jackson. A sketch of Stephen Holman Heywood 
 appears in the Biographical chapter. Harriet Elizabeth Hey- 
 wood married Joseph P. Estabrook. 
 
 THE PRATT FAMILY 
 
 The place known for many years as the Pratt place on the 
 road leading from Athol to Richmond, N. H., was first settled 
 by Daniel Warren, and afterwards came into possession of 
 Jabez Pratt, who had a blacksmith shop there and carried on 
 business as long as he was able to work. He married Rebecca 
 Shepardson July 23, 1799, and died July 21, 1847. They had 
 five children: Alden, Daniel, Jabez, Sally and John. 
 
jjl^ HISTORY OF ROYAL vSTON 
 
 1. Alden Pratt married Achsa Fisher, sister o' Jason Fishci, 
 Aug. 27, 1822. He was a farmer and lived on a farm near the 
 Baptist Common; made acqueduct pipes. Afterwards lived 
 in Petersham and Templeton where he worked in saw mill, 
 running the old up and down saws. Thev had nine children: 
 Julia, married George Harrington of Templeton; Christina, 
 married Nahum Mace of Orange; A //red, never married and 
 died about thirty years of age; Miranda married Hammond 
 Bosworth of Roynlston; Marij, married Edward Prouty ()f 
 Templeton; Ellen, died when a young woman; Emihj, married 
 Silas Bosworth of Royalston; GVor^/e, n arried Cordelia Gay of 
 Orange. 
 
 2. Danie^. Pratt married Bathsheba Delva of Warwick. 
 He lived on the home farm and cared for his father. After- 
 wards lived in Petersham and was a teamster. They had 
 thirteen children: Eunice, married a Shepardson of Cnpt. 
 Mudge's company; Gilhert, married Julia Delana: they had 
 two sons, Eugene 0. Pratt now engaged in the hardware bus"ne?s 
 in Clinton, and J. Golan Pratt now engaged in the grocery busi- 
 ness in Marlboro, Mass. Joel died when eighteen years old; 
 Sally died young; John died when a boy; Sally became a cripple 
 when sixteen years old and lived to be over seventy years of 
 age; Hannah died young; Pcrsis, married Levi Newton of New 
 Salem; John married Alice Stone, and married (2) Jennie M. 
 Haskins, lived in Royalston, Petersham and North Dana, drove 
 team when young and was a peddler 35 years; Ia7/m, married 
 J. A. Houghton of Petersham; Marj, married George S. Talcott 
 of Connecticut and lived in Gardner; Lucy, married E. L. Taft 
 of New London, Conn. 
 
 3 Jabez Pratt married Laura Farrar in 1823. Went to 
 Boston and worked in a brick yard the first summer. Ab^out the 
 time of his marriage he and his wife united with the Methodist 
 church and he received a local preacher's license. He was the 
 only coroner in the city for many years and officiated in the 
 Webster (Parkman) murder case. Was Deputy Sheriff for a 
 long time. He had two sons: George M., the oldest, had talents 
 as a musician. He went to Europe and studied music, and 
 soon after his return opened a house on Beacon street, when 
 he was taken sick with small pox and died. The stroke was too 
 heavy for the father to bear and he soon died at the age of fifty- 
 two. Joseph Warren, the second son, was of a roving disposi- 
 
THE PRATT FAMILY 337 
 
 lion, and on returning from a trip to California, sickened and 
 tlied. The mother's clothes caught fire, which caused her 
 death, The whole family were buried in Mt. Auburn cemetery. 
 
 THE CHAMBERLAIN FAMILY 
 
 Thomas Chamberlain came from England and settled in 
 Woburn, Mass., in 1644, removed to Chelmsford, Mass. His 
 
 son, Samuel, married Elizabeth- , and their son, Thomas, 
 
 married Abigail Hildreth of Chelmsford. 
 
 Simron Chamberlain, son of Thomas and Abigail (Hildreth) 
 Chamberlain, was Royalston's first school-master. He was 
 born in Littleton, Mass., March 28, 1723, and lived in Sutton 
 and Douglas before coming to Royalston when aV)Out forty- 
 three years old. He "embodied" with the Baptist church in 
 1768. He married Sarah (Marsh) Wheeler of Mendon, Mass. 
 Their children were: Simeon, born in Sutton March 6, 1762; 
 John and Abigail, twins, born June 28, 1765. He died Nov. 
 27, 1799, at the age of seventy-seven years. Simeon, the oldest 
 son 6f Simeon and Sarah (Wheeler) Chamberlain, married 
 Betty Gould of Douglas, Mass., and moved to Newport, N. 
 H. They had five children. 
 
 John Chamberlain, the youngest son of Simeon and Betty 
 (Gould) Chamberlain, married Martha S. Richardson of 
 Chester, N. H. They lived in Newport, N. H., and had four 
 children: Bela N. Chamberlain, the oldest child, was born 
 in Newport June 14, 1823. He married H. Jane Cram of Peter- 
 boro, N. H., Aug. 15, 1849. 
 
 Herbert Bela Chamberlain, son of Bela Nettleton and Jane 
 (Cram ) Chamberlain, and great grandson of Simeon Chamber- 
 lain, Royalston's first school-master, was born in Newport, 
 N. H., Aug. 15, 1849. Simeon Chamberlain went from Royal- 
 ston to Newport with a colony of Baptists. Herbert Bela 
 went with his father to Brattleboro, Vt., when about five years 
 old, and that place has been his home ever since. He was in 
 the store of his father until his father's death in 1887, and then 
 op?rated the store until about 1896 when he sold the business. 
 He has been auditor of the town of Brattleboro twenty-eight 
 years, and lister, or assessor, as it is called in Massachusetts, 
 eighteen years. He is now retired from business. He married 
 
^^JS HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 Nettie L. Phillips of Brattleboro. They have no children 
 living now. 
 
 Thomas Chamberlain, a lirother of Simeon, came from Sutton 
 and settled in Royalston, his building being on the first hard 
 land north of Long Pond, and between the Tully and saw mill 
 brook, so called. His wife. Charity, and his son Thomas "em- 
 bodied" with the Baptist church. In this family the town 
 boarded the first person requiring public aid. The original 
 settler and his wife died on that place and were buried in the 
 grave yard nearby. Molly, daughter of Thomas, Jr., and 
 Charity Chamberlain, born April 22, 1764, was one of the 
 earliest recorded births in Royalston 
 
 ALBION P. MOSMAN FAMILY 
 
 A family connected with Royalston during the latter part 
 of the last century was the Mosman family. 
 
 Albion P. Mosman was born in Hope, Me., April 1, 1825, a 
 son of AVilliam and Lucy (Safford) Mosman. His young man- 
 hood was spent in farm work and as a sailor in the West Indian 
 and South American trade. He also learned the ship carpenter's 
 trade in Rockland, Me., then a large center of ship building. 
 On August 1, 1848, he married Harriet Harrington of Rockland, 
 Me. There were three children by this marriage all of whom are 
 still living: Harriet A., married L. F. Smith of Winchendon, 
 Mass., now of Watervliet, N. Y.; Charles A., is a dentist in 
 Ogden, Utah; and Mary F., is the wife of Albert A. Fuller of 
 North Appleton, Me., living near her father's birthplace. Their 
 mother died in October, 1858. Mr. Mosman's second wife 
 was Maria Coolidge of West Sterling, Mass. They were mar- 
 ried April 1, 1860, and had two children: Edwin J. and 
 Ellen M. 
 
 In June, 1864, they purchased the farm in the north part 
 of Royalston, now the summer home of Miss Edith Metcalf, 
 which was their home until 1896, when they moved to Royalston 
 Cent rewhere they resided until the fall of 1904. On March 
 1, 1905, Mrs. Mosman died after a long illness at the home of her 
 son in Waltham, and Mr. Mosman spent the remainder of his 
 life with his children. He died Oct. 27, 1909, of apoplexy and 
 was buried with Mrs. Mosman and their daughter, Ellen, in 
 the familv lot at Rovalston Centre, 
 
THK ALBION P. MOSMAN FAMILY 3S9 
 
 Edwin J. Mosnian, son of Albion P. and Maria (Coolidge) 
 Mosman, was born at Rockland, Me., April 2, 1863, and came 
 with his parents when only about a year old, to the farm in Roy- 
 alston, which was his home for nearly twenty years and where 
 he lead the life of the farmer boy of that time and attended the 
 district school. In October, 1883, he went to Boston and at- 
 tended the Bryant and Stratton Business college for a few months 
 taking a position early in 1884 as bookkeeper in a factory at 
 Jamaica Plain. Early in 1887 he became cashier with a large 
 hat and cap jobbing house in Boston. This firm was burned 
 out in the big Thanksgiving fire of 1889 and went out of business. 
 Mr. Mosman obtained temporary employment with an elec- 
 trical manufacturing company and in September, 1890, was 
 employed as accountant by the Paine Furniture Co. with whom 
 he remained nearly twenty-three years. He is now located 
 at State street, Boston, as confidential clerk for a trustee, who 
 has charge of a large number of trust estates and corporations. 
 He was married May 29, 1888, to Georgie M. Willis of Jamaica 
 Plain. They liave resided in Waltham since 1889. 
 
 THE BLANDINGS 
 
 Ehenezer Blavding was a native of Rehoboth, Mass., and 
 came to Royalston about 1780 where he settled a place near 
 "the city." He was an assessor in 1781, 1803 and 1804, and a 
 selectman in 1800. He sold his place to Calvin Forbes and 
 removed to Richmond, N. H., and from there to Richfield, 
 N. Y., where he died at about ninety years of age. He had 
 seventeen children, of whom at least ten are recorded as born 
 in Royalston, the records stating that one was born '^April 
 8, 1793, 3 o'clock p. m." and another, "April 7, 1791, at the ris- 
 ing of the sun." 
 
 Shuhel Blanding, a brother of Ebenezer, also came from 
 Rehoboth sometime between 1782 and 1784, for a daughter 
 is recorded as having been born to him in Rehoboth Nov. 4, 
 1782, and a daughter is also recorded as having been born at 
 Royalston July 19, 1784. He was a selectman of Royalston 
 in 1793 and 1794. Seven children are recorded as having been 
 born to him of whom five were born in Royalston. Lewis 
 Horton, who was one of the Rehoboth .settlers in Royalston, 
 
340 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 was the first settler ^vest of the Tull}' north of the first Baptist 
 meeting house, he died young and Shubel Bhxnding married 
 his widow and annexed his farm to his own. He outlived three 
 wives and died in Royalston March 11, 1832, at the age of 
 eighty-one years. One of his daughters, Cynthia, born July 
 19, 1784, married Al)el Jacobs May 1, 1806; Diadama, born 
 May 18, 1788, married Silas Metcalf, Oct. 27, 1808; Polly, born 
 July 30, 1779, married Seth Kendall of Athol, Dec. 11, 1804; 
 Rosalana, born Nov. 4, 1782, man-ied Jeremiah Matthews 
 Nov. 28, 1799; Sarah, born May 25, 1791, married Moses Rogers 
 of Boston April 1(3, 1810. Shubel, his son, born Nov. 6, 1795, 
 became a physician, settled in South Carolina and died shortly 
 before the outbreak of the Rebellion, Ijeing at the time of his 
 death, a citizen of Charleston. 
 
 THE GREELEY FAMILY 
 
 Nathaniel Greeley, (a descendant of Andrew Grele, who 
 settled in this country about 1640 at Salisbury, Mass.), was 
 born in Weston, Vt., Dec. 13, 1809, and settled in Royalston 
 about 1837, his residence and mill being at the foot of Jacob's 
 Hill. He manufactured chair stock and operated a saw mill. 
 He married Delania Walker of Royalston, and died March 
 31, 1871. 
 
 His children were: Sarah, born May 17, 1838, who was 
 not married and died in 1913 at Worcester; Jonas E., born 
 June 12, 1841; Abel, who died in infancy was born April 18, 
 1843; Emily, born August 21, 1844, married Addison Taylor 
 of Templeton and still survives him living at East Templeton. 
 
 Jonas E. Greeley enlisted in 21st Regiment Massachusetts 
 Volunteers and served nearly two years, being discharged for 
 disability. He re-enlisted in 1863 in 57th regiment Massachu- 
 setts Volunteers and was Sergeant in E company. He resides 
 in Worcester and is surgeon of Post 10, G. A. R. He had two 
 sons: Charles E. Greeley, born Aug. 29, 1869, who married 
 Elizabeth Watson in 1904 and resides at Revere, Mass. He 
 is advertising agent for the Dwinell Wright Co. of Boston. 
 Archer K. Greeley, the other son, was l)orn Feb. 21, 1876, 
 married Bessie W. Waters of Millbury, Mass., and resides at 
 Oxford, Mass. He i§ an attorney at law with offices in Web- 
 
THE GEORGE D. BOLTON FAMILY 341 
 
 ster, Mass., and Oxford. He received the degree of L. L. M. at 
 University of Maine in 1910, having been admitted to the Mas- 
 sachusetts bar in 1900. He has a daughter, Muriel Waters 
 Greeley, born Aug. 14, 1898. 
 
 THE GEORGE D. BOLTON FAMILY 
 
 George Dana Bolton, son of William E. and Sibyl (Keezer) 
 Bolton was born in Enosburg, Vt., May 26, 1847. His father 
 and mother were both natives of Massachusetts, the former 
 being born in Groton and the latter in Salem. He came to 
 Massachusetts when twenty-five years of age, and was for a 
 number of years in the lumber business with his brother-in-law 
 C. A. Stimson, their mill lieing the saw mill at Doane's Falls. 
 About 1875 he purchased the farm on the Athol road, where 
 he now resides, formerly known as the Hubl)ard place. He 
 married Jennie Frances Stimson of Warwick, Mass., Oct. 26, 
 1873. He is one of the Cemetery Commissioners, agent of the 
 Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals, Cattle In- 
 spector and Inspector of dressed meat. The children of George 
 Dana and Jennie (Stimson) Bolton are: Leota M., Le welly n 
 Sumner and Jennie Antoinette. Leota M. Bolton, oldest daugh- 
 ter, was born in Royalston 1876. She attended Brimfield 
 academy; has l)een supervisor of music in the public schools 
 of Royalston for eleven years, and is also teacher of piano and 
 sewing in the schools. She married Perley F. Richards Sept. 
 15, 1897, who was Ijorn in Conville, Me., in 1875. They have 
 one son, Farrell Bolton Richards, ])orn Dec. 1, 1901. 
 
 LeweUyn Sumner Bolton, son of George D. and Jennie 
 (Stimson) Bolton, was born in Royalston Feb. 1, 1879. He 
 entered the employ of the S. S. Pierce Co. of Boston, when 
 eighteen years of age and is now assistant manager of their 
 Copley Square store. He is also deeply interested in music. 
 In November, 1900, he married Lena J. Wright of Boston, 
 who was a graduate of the Lowell School of Practical Design, 
 Massachusetts Institute of Technology. They now reside at 
 Allston, Mass., and have three children: Llewellyn Sumner, Jr., 
 Irene Frances and Elmer. 
 
 Jennie Antoinette Bolton was born Dec. 7, 1882, She studied 
 music in Boston at the New England conservatory of music 
 
j^2 HISTORY OF ROY ALSTON 
 
 four years, and with Prof. Hermann Heinrich. She married 
 Herbert Richards, who was born in Conville, Me., in 1881. 
 He is a machinist in the employ of L. S. Starrett Co., and they 
 reside in Athol. 
 
 THE BEMIS FAMILY 
 
 About 1780 John and Abigail Bemis with their children 
 removed from Sudbury, Mass., to Winchendon. The son Jonas, 
 had served in the Revolution previous to this removal. He 
 married Catherine Tower of Sudbury and subsequently re- 
 moved from Winchendon to Royalston, where he died June 
 28, 1831, at the age of seventy-four years. 
 
 Jonas Bemis, son of Jonas and Catherine (Tower) Bemis, 
 was born in Winchendon Aug. 11, 1788. He married May 13, 
 
 1813, Mercy Burgess, daughter of Ebenezer Burgess of Ashburn- 
 ham. He removed to Royalston where he died June 24, 1824. 
 His widow married William Whitney of Ashburnham, May 
 18, 1830. Jonas Bemis, son of John Bemis, married Mercy 
 Piper, and died in Royalston. 
 
 Luke Bemis, son of Jason and Mercy (Piper) Bemis, was 
 born in Winchendon May 9, 1788. He married Dec. 25, 1813, 
 at Rindge, N. H., Susan Steele, daughter of Samuel Steele. 
 Their children were: Sarah Elvira, born in Royalston Sept. 23, 
 
 1814, married Eri Shepardson Jan. 5, 1843, and died April 5, 
 1864; Christine, born in Bull Hill, N. Y., March 5, 1817, mar- 
 ried William Peckham of Petersham, Mass., and died in 1860; 
 William S., born in Brutus, N. Y., June 10, 1819, married Julia 
 Haskins of Prescott, Mass., June 14, 1845; Susan Amanda, 
 born in Brutus, N. Y., June 11, 1822, died Aug. 5, 1825; Samuel 
 Atwood, born in Royalston Dec. 22, 1824; Susan Amanda (2), 
 born in Warwick April 12, 1827, a sketch of her appears in 
 another chapter; Mary Berintha, born in Royalston, Sept. 7, 
 1829, married Quincy Shepardson of Royalston; Luke Emil, 
 born in Royalston March 29, 1832; Levi F., born in Royalston 
 July 27, 1834, died Oct. 2, 1854; George Herbert, born in Royal- 
 ston May 28, 1837, died Aug. 23, 1851. 
 
 Liike Emil Bemis, son of Luke and Susan (Steele) Bemis 
 was born in Royalston March 29 , 1832. He was an experienced 
 farmer and had given agriculture and bee-keeping much study 
 
THE BEMIS FAMILY S43 
 
 and thought and was also actively interested in the welfare of 
 his town having served it as a member of the school committee. 
 He was an active member of the Baptist church of West Royal- 
 ston, and superintendent of its Sunday school, and was also 
 well-known as a musician. He married Caroline, daughter of 
 Jonathan and Nancy Shepardson, March 22, 1857. He died 
 July 25, 1886, and Mrs. Bemis Jan. 30, 1906. Their children 
 were: Emil H., born July 14, 1858, in Petersham; Carrie M., 
 born Feb. 1, 1860, and died Nov. 12, 1862; George A., born 
 May 22, 1862; and Mary Ella, born Sept. 14, 1877. 
 
 Emil H. Bemis came with his parents to West Royalston 
 in 1867, and his school education was obtained in West Royal- 
 ston and Athol. He attended the New England conservatory 
 of music in Boston, was located in Augusta, Ga., for two years 
 as organist and teacher of music, and went to Holyoke, Mass., 
 April, 1887, which has since been his home and where he has 
 been teacher of music and organist of the Second Baptist church 
 to the present time. In May, 1888, he married Miss Ada C. 
 Bartlett, daughter of Rev. E. M.Bartlett, a well-known Baptist 
 minister. They have two sons: Carleton H., born Aug. 21, 1891, 
 and Edwin W., born in 1897. George A. Bemis married Mary 
 Leona Holden of Athol, Oct. 3, 1883. He is employed in 
 the L. S. Starrett shops and came to Athol to reside in 1906. 
 He is a well-known musician and singer. They have an adopted 
 daughter born Aug. 15, 1907. 
 
 Samuel Atwood Bemis, was born in Royalston, Dec. 22, 
 1824. When a young man he Uved for several years in Park- 
 man, Me., where he was engaged in the blacksmith business. 
 He married Huldah Green Stevens of Guilford, Me., March 
 15, 1848. Later he removed to Petersham, Mass., where he 
 carried on the blacksmith and teaming business for several 
 years, and in 1860 moved to Athol where he continued the same 
 business. He sold his teaming business after the war to Edmund 
 Moore. He was for a number of years in company with 
 W. H. Frost in the stove, tinware and junk business under the 
 firm name of Frost and Bemis, and during the latter part of his 
 life lived on a farm near the Bear's Den road in Athol. He 
 died in Athol, May 29, 1905. 
 
 Roger William Bemis, only child of Samuel Atwood and 
 Huldah (Stevens) Bemis, was born in Parkman, Me., July 
 13, 1851. He was for twelve years clerk at the Athol center 
 
J^^ HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 post-office and for a number of years eno;aged in the printing 
 business and has for the hist twelve or fifteen years been employ- 
 ed in the Highland bakery at Athol center. He married Nellie 
 M. Coller, daughter of L. S. Coller of Athol. They had three 
 children, Charles Bertram, Leonard Atwood and Muriel L. 
 
 THE TANDY FAMILY 
 
 Rev. Lorenzo Tandy was a Baptist minister who became 
 connected with Royalston history in 1861, when he became 
 pastor of the West Royalston Baptist church which he served 
 as pastor for five years until 1886, when he retired from the 
 ministry and purchas-d the David Cook place which was his 
 home the remainder of his life. He was born in Goshen, N. 
 H., June 28, 1818. Previous to coming to Royalston he held 
 pastorates in Hancock and Ackworth, N. H., Tewksbury, 
 North Middleboro and Coldbrook, Mass., and other places. 
 He married Lucy Stowell of Lempster, N. H., who was born 
 Aug. 28, 1820. They had eight children: Nathan, born in 
 Hancock, N. H., Feb. 6, 1845; Charles F., born in Hancock, 
 July 11, 1846; Lucy Jane, born in Ackworth, N. H., Sept. 25, 
 1847; Ellen L., born in Tewksbury, Mass., May 3, 1850; William 
 W., born in North Middleboro, Mass., June 19, 1852; Evelyn, 
 born in North Middleboro, Jan. 29, 1854; Eddy C, born in 
 Coldbrook, Mass., Oct. 20, 1856; May, born in Royalston, June 
 29, 1861. Rev. Lorenzo Tandy died Dec. 22, 1898. and 
 Mrs. Lucy Tandy Jan. 8, 1907. 
 
 Nathan S. Tandy enlisted in Co. D, 36th Massachusetts 
 infantry, in the Civil war when seventeen years old. He was 
 employed at the Athol depot for about two years and had 
 charge of the station at Hoosac Tunnel about twenty years. 
 He went to Newport, N. H., where he was in the express busi- 
 ness for many years. He died Aug. 17, 1916 at Newport, N. H. 
 
 Charles F. Tandy came to Royalston when about fourteen 
 years of age. He married Maria Davis, daughter of Joseph 
 Davis of Royalston, Jan. 19, 1866. She died Nov. 22, 1870, 
 soon after which Mr. Tandy moved to Athol which has ever 
 since been his home. He married, second, Miss Priscilla Fay, 
 daughter of Elder Lysander Fay of Athol. He worked for 
 many years in the grocery store of S. E. Fay. He is a promi- 
 nent meml^er of the Baptist church of which he has been one 
 
THE TANDY FAMILY 345 
 
 of the deacons for many years. Thej' have three children, 
 Eugene, Wilbert and Ruth. 
 
 Lucy Jane Tandy died unmarried March 3, 1893. Ellen 
 L. Tandy married Luke B. Shepardson of Royalston. 
 
 William W. Tandy was educated in the public schools of 
 Montague and Royalston, coming to Royalston with his parents 
 when quite young, and this town was his home until nineteen 
 years of age, when he began to work for the Vermont and Mas- 
 sachusetts Railroad company at Hoosac Tunnel station, where 
 he learned the business of station master's helper, telegrapher 
 and baggage master. He was transferred to the Montague 
 station about a year later, where he had charge of the station 
 for about a year and a half when he was promoted to the posi- 
 tion of station agent at Gardner, Mass., one of the most impor- 
 tant junction stations on the Fitchburg railroad. He remained 
 in this position for over eight years, when his health failed and 
 he was obliged to take a rest and spent a year in the South. 
 After his return he accepted the position of bookkeeper for 
 Conant and Bush of Gardner, and later was confidential clerk 
 in the office of Philander Derby & Co., of the same town. He 
 was for several years auditor of the Central Oil and Gas Co., of 
 Florence, Mass., and since 1896 has been the treasurer of the 
 Central (3il and Gas Stove company of Gardner. He was 
 married June 19, 1877, to Esther Finette Chapin, daughter of 
 Calvin and Susan (Clark) Chapin of Royalston. They have had 
 seven children. He has not held many public offices nor does 
 he belong to any fraternal organization. He is a member of 
 the First Congregational church of Gardner. 
 
 Evelyn B. Tandy married William H. Bullard, Aug. 25, 
 1880, and their home is in Holyoke, Mass. 
 
 Eddy C- Tandy died when twenty years of age. May 
 Tandy was a school teacher in At hoi and Clinton for a number 
 of years. She married William T. Parsons of Holden, Feb. 
 22, 1892 and died in Worcester, Mar. 16, 1913. 
 
 THE BOSWORTH FAMILY 
 
 Jonathan Bosworih, the ancestor of all the Bosvvorths of Roy- 
 alston, came from Lunenburg, Ma.ss., and settled in the north- 
 west part of the town on the place later owned by Marshall 
 
346 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 Herrick. He was bom in 1713 and died in 1801 ai the age of 
 eighty-eight 5'e;ars. He was succeeded by his son, Ichahod, 
 wdio married Olive Millar. 
 
 Jonathan Bosworth, Jr., came from Lunenburg with his 
 father and settled on the west bank of Priest's Brook just south 
 of the Winchendon road. He married IMar> Holt, said to have 
 been the first white child born in the town of Winchendon, 
 Nov. 15, 1753. He is the Jonathan who had the adventure 
 with wolves described in the chapter on wild animals. They 
 had fourteen children, born between 1773 and 1799. 
 
 Joseph Bosworth, son of Jonathan and Mary (Holt) Bos- 
 worth, born Jan. 9, 1792, married Abigail Saunders Bemis, 
 daughter of Jason Bemis, April 13, 1819. They had ten child- 
 ren : Joseph Nelson, born M.iy 11, 1820; Amos Bemis, born July 
 24, 1821, married Eliza D. Moore May 31, 1843, He served in 
 the Civil War in Co. E, 53rd Mass. Regt. Was killed on a 
 circular saw at Leonard Moore's saw mill several years after 
 the war. His son, Joseph W. Bosworth, also served in the 
 war in the same company and regiment with his father, and 
 died soon after getting home from the war. Chauncey, born 
 Nov. 6, 1822, married Augusta L. Richard of Rindge, N. H., 
 Sept. 24, 1848, died June 23, 1895. Silas, born May 6, 1824, 
 died in New Salem. Joel, born Feb. 16, 1826, died Jan. 7,. 
 1849. George Washington, born Nov. 28, 1827. Hosea Au- 
 gustus,, born Dec. 22, 1828, served in the Civil War in the 25th 
 Mass. Regt., was mortally wounded in the battle of Cold Har- 
 bor, and died July 10, 1864. Benjamin Hammond, born Nov. 
 29, 1832, died Aug. 31, 1887. Abigail Elvira, born June 9, 
 1834. Levi, born Feb. 13, 1837, served in the Civil War in the 
 27th Mass. Regt., married Maria Lucy Wood, and now resides 
 in Chester, Vt. 
 
 Chilson Boszuorth, son of Jonathan and Mary (Holt) Bos- 
 worth, born May 28, 1787, married Chloe Sibley in December, 
 1809. They had eleven children. Lucy, born April 28, 1810, 
 William S., born April 12, 1812, died Feb. 23, 1820. Nancy, 
 born June 19, 1814, married George W. Rumrill Aug. 11, 1845. 
 Chloe, born Oct. 30, 1818, died Feb. 11, 1820. Abigail, born 
 Sept. 22, 1816, died Feb. 16, 1820. Sabra, born July 30, 1821. 
 Chilson, born Oct. 14, 1825. Joel Sibley, born Oct. 17, 1827. 
 William, born Oct. 19, 1829. Caroline, born Sept. 17, 1832. 
 Susannah, born May 31. 1835. 
 
THE BOSWORTH FAMILY 5/7 
 
 r/'/7.w« i5(?^7tw-///,/r. married Sarah Prescott, and was the 
 father of Sidney G. Bosworth, the author of the hymn sung at 
 Royalston's 150th Anniversary. 
 
 THE DOANE FAMILY 
 
 Joshua Doane, from Cape Co^, settled on the place north of 
 the Dexter place. He had a family of eleven children, among 
 whom were Amos Doane and a daughter Adaline, who married 
 Joel O. Flagg of Hubbardston May 22, 1843. 
 
 Amos Doane, oldest son of Joshua and Ruth Doane, was 
 born in Royalston April 7, 1803. He was a well known charac- 
 ter in Royalston and surrounding towns and his name is perpet- 
 uated in "Doane's Falls." He owned the land around the falls 
 and built a large mill in close proximity, but which was never 
 utilized to any great extent fiir manufacturing purposes. It 
 stood for many years an interesting and unique landmark, and 
 finally was torn down a piece at a time. He was a man of 
 great height, being more than six feet tall, and was engaged in 
 many law suits. He was a familiar figure in Athol, where he 
 commenced the erection of a large building which 
 was never completed and which was known for a long time as 
 *' Doane's Castle," Many interesting anecdotes are related of 
 him. He married Luceba Pennyman Sept. 27, 1836, and they 
 had two children Andrew and Byron. Andrew died in in- 
 fancy. 
 
 Byron Doane was born Oct. 21, 1837. He was a veteran of 
 the Civil War, enlibting in Co. I, 25tli Mass. Infantry, being 
 mustered in vSept. 28, 1861, and discharged July 13, 1865. He 
 lived on the Athol road near Doane's Falls. He married Jane 
 Eaton of Athol, July 2, 1867. They had two children, Frank 
 B., born June 8, 1868, and Myrtie M., born Nov. 19, 1872. 
 
 Frank B. Doane married Dellie P. Foster, daughter of David 
 P. Foster of Royalston, Feb. 15, 1893. They have resided in 
 Athol for about nineteen years and have five children, Ruth A., 
 Marguerite V., Helen K., Gladys M. and Reginald F. 
 
 Myrtie M. married William E. Day of Royalston April 6, 
 1892. They lived in Athol, where Mrs. Day died in 1898. 
 They had three children. 
 
CHAPTER XIII 
 ROYALSTON'S WRITERS OF POETRY 
 
 It is interesting at times to weave into the stern realities 
 and tragedies of life something of the gentler influences of hu- 
 manity and the poetry of life, and to enliven the old family his- 
 tories and the religious and military experiences of the people 
 with what the sons and daughters of Royalston, both native and 
 adopted, have produced in the realm of poetry. 
 
 While Royalston's writers of poetry do not include a Long- 
 fellow, a Whittier or a Lowell, there are those whose verses 
 have gained not only a local but a national and even world wide 
 reputation. There is one whose verses have carried comfort 
 and hope to thousands of aching hearts wherever the English 
 language is read, and the name of Nancy Priest, the factory 
 girl, is revered and loved in the homes of many lands. 
 
 The "Epic Poem on the War of the Rebellion," by Dr. 
 Frank W. Adams, is one of the most eloquent and vivid des- 
 criptions of the scenes and events of the Civil War that has ever 
 been written, and will send a thrill of patriotism coursing 
 through every loyal heart. We regret the entire poem can not 
 be used in this work, but the parts that we shall quote will 
 show the character of the poem. 
 
 The poems of Albert Bryant are said to be the best that ever 
 emanated from an Amherst College graduate, while the poem 
 of Amanda Beniis Smith on "Johnstown in the Conemaugh 
 Flood," was published and sold in large quantities in Pennsyl- 
 vania and adjoining states. 
 
 We believe it eminently fitting and appropriate to recall and 
 collect in the town history some oi these gems of thought pro- 
 duced by the sons and daughters of Royalston. 
 
 It was Longfellow that once asked a friend to read : 
 
 Not from the grand old Masters, 
 Not from the bards sublime, 
 Whose distant footsteps echo 
 Through the corridors of time ; 
 
 Read from some humbler poet, 
 
royalston's poetry 349 
 
 Whose songs gush from his heart, 
 
 As showers from the clouds of Summer, 
 
 Or tears from the eyelids start. 
 
 DR, FRANK W. ADAMS 
 
 The "Epic Poem on the War of the Great Rebellion" by 
 Dr. Frank W. Adams is without doubt the most remarkable 
 production in the realm of poetry and history combined that 
 has ever been produced by a resident of Royalston. It was 
 first given as a Memorial Day address before the Grand 
 Army Veterans and citizens of Royalston in 1880. 
 and since then has been given not only as a Memorial Day 
 Oration, but in various lecture and entertainment courses 
 throughout the state, where it has been received with great 
 enthusiasm not only by the old soldiers, but by all classes, 
 holding the close attention of the old and the young alike. 
 
 Professor Henry P. Wright of Yale University in a private 
 letter says: "The poem was one of the most eloquent, vivid and 
 touching descriptions of the late war that has ever been 
 written. It is impossible for any one to listen to it without 
 being intensely interested and deeply moved. I have never 
 listened to an address that seemed to me more appropriate 
 for a gathering of veteran soldiers and their friends." The 
 press notices wherever it has been delivered are enthusias- 
 tic in its praise. The poem begins with a description of 
 Charleston harbor and the forts, the spirit and exultation of 
 the Touthern people, the firing upon Sumter, and the thrill of 
 patriotism which from that moment ran through the North. 
 The sacrifices, patriotism, deeds of heroism and valor of the 
 soldiers were portrayed in graphic and beautiful words, as 
 well as woman's work in the war - — her deeds of self-sacrifice 
 and devotion. 
 
 The poem commences as follows : 
 
 Two rivers, warmed by southern sands and sun> 
 Hedged in with flowers as southern rivers run, 
 With orange odors spiced and fringed with palms, 
 Held a fair city in their confluent arms. 
 The sea was near and down the broadening bay 
 
j^Q HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 Far to the left Fort Moultrie frowning lay, 
 
 While nearer, dreaded by her country's foes, 
 
 The massive walls of Castle Pinckney rose. 
 
 Fort Johnson on the right loomed fierce and grim. 
 
 And farther on, against the ocean's rim, 
 
 The Works on Cumming's Point reposed in state 
 
 Guarding the Harbor's open outer gate. 
 
 Nor were these all, for here and there between 
 
 Were bastions and redoubts of savage mien. 
 
 All grandly rested in their conscious power, 
 
 Waiting the master's word — the day — the hour! 
 
 A string of iron beads, a ring of stone, 
 
 And in the center Sumter stood alone! 
 
 A scene of peace! for war's hoaree, clarion notes 
 
 Had never rung from out those iron throats. 
 
 On whose fair bosom peerless Sumter lay, 
 
 Tlashed her sweet shores with joy at flight of night 
 
 And nodded to the mom her crests of white. 
 
 The city sleeps! when, hark! a sullen roar 
 
 Comes booming up the bay from Moultrie's shore, 
 
 And through the air a whizzing, screeching shell 
 
 Tore its mad way and into Sumter fell. 
 
 It comes again! and now on every side, 
 
 All round the bay, embrasures open wide, 
 
 And, scorning old-time creeds and righteous law, 
 
 Let slip with horrid din the dogs of war! 
 
 In rapid rounds that shook the shrinking land 
 
 Thundered the heavy guns on every hand. 
 
 They poured forth fire and smoke and shot and shell 
 
 Aimed at one common center — aimed too well — 
 
 Until the volleys, rolled from either shore. 
 
 Fused into one continuous, thunderous roar. 
 
 In splendid curves the red hot bolts were thrown, 
 
 They came from many points, they met in one. 
 
 Till Sumter seemed, amid the warfare dire. 
 
 The center of a ring of living fire! 
 
 The spread of the tidings that war had begun was described : 
 
 The booming of the guns that day 
 Around that lovely southern bay 
 
"royai^ston's poetry 351 
 
 Rolled in swift echoes far away 
 
 O'er river, field and lake; 
 They leaped the mountains one by one, 
 And, vying with the morning sun, 
 They smote the Dome at Washington, 
 
 And bade the land awake! 
 
 Still on the pealing salvos flew. 
 O'er staid New England wilder grew, 
 And, gathering volume thundered through 
 
 The grand old woods of Maine. 
 They swept the Western plains like fire. 
 They scaled the mountains, spire on spire, 
 And shook with detonations dire 
 
 The old Pacific main. 
 
 The land did wake! with vigor meet 
 
 The nation sprang upon its feet, 
 
 And none, save those in winding sheet, 
 
 But heard that dread appeal. 
 From East to West rose gallant men 
 Who swords did make of plowshares then, 
 Or laid aside the mightier pen 
 
 To swing the sterner steel! 
 
 A grand tribute to the Loyalty of the Blacks : 
 
 And there was yet another loyal race 
 
 Who dared beside us take their humble place; 
 
 A race whose faces, 'neath the burning rays 
 
 Of Africa's sun through unrecorded days, 
 
 Had lost the hue no art could give them back 
 
 And slowly, surely ripened into black; 
 
 A race in bondage; doomed to drudge and moil. 
 
 Their only lore the alphabet of toil; 
 
 Whose ties of blood were nothing but a name. 
 
 Whose heritage was servitude and shame. 
 
 Who had no hope of gyves and shackles riven, 
 
 And dreamed of freedom as they dreamed of Heaven! 
 
 How swift they rose, and hastened to be free 
 
 When war presaged their "Year of Jubilee!" 
 
 They heard from far the mighty, rushing sound! 
 
J^2 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON' 
 
 They cleared the old plantation at a bound; 
 
 They braved the bloodhounds' fangs, the bayous' damps: 
 
 They fringed our armies and they thronged our camps; 
 
 They served as guides; as spies they brought reports; 
 
 They dug our trenches and they built our forts; 
 
 They sheltered refugees, and, when by law 
 
 They ceased to be the ''Contraband of War," 
 
 They took the musket as a patriot should, 
 
 And sealed their love of freedom with their blood? 
 
 The tribute to Lincoln : 
 
 And, over all, that grand and patient one 
 
 Who held the battered helm at Washington, 
 
 Whose brain was big with projects for his race, 
 
 Whose heart was big with royal tenderness. 
 
 Whose rod, extended o'er the Southern tide, 
 
 Rolled back the angry flood on either side 
 
 And through the channelled waters, safe and dry 
 
 Led forth four million slaves to liberty! 
 
 The grandest picture on the Century's face! 
 
 The glorious Moses of a ransomed race! 
 
 We need not speak his name whose gracious pen 
 
 Proclaimed the eternal brotherhood of men! 
 
 For history hath made his fame her own. 
 
 And Lincoln's name will outlive Ijrass and stone! 
 
 Panegyric on woman's work in the war: 
 
 O mother, whether here or gone home to your rest, 
 
 You remember your love for the babe on your breast. 
 
 Your joy in his boyhood, your pride in his youth. 
 
 Your effort to rear him for God and the truth. 
 
 You remember your wail when you heard the first gun 
 
 That boomed in the South, for you thought of your son; 
 
 Your shiver of fear when he talked of the war. 
 
 And of rebels defying the national law; 
 
 Your cry of despair when, bending down low. 
 
 His lips touched your forehead and he said he must go. 
 
 We can see but in part the dark path that you trod, 
 
 The whole is known only to you and to God; 
 
 But you know how you rallied and conciuered your fears, 
 
royalston's poetry 353 
 
 How you kept down the sigh, how you kept hack the tears, 
 
 And how, though your heart was filled full to the brim, 
 
 You tried to look cheery and brave before him; 
 
 How you busily wrought all that love could suggest 
 
 'Till your boy was made ready to march with the rest. 
 
 And then, that last day! when down the long street 
 
 The regiment marched to the drum's measured beat, 
 
 And the bayonets flashed back the bright rays of the sun 
 
 In a rhythm of light, as they swayed and they swung. 
 
 You remember just then how the band through the town 
 
 Rolled that glorious old chorus — the tune of "John Brown," 
 
 And a thousand strong voices — and your boy's was one, — 
 
 Sang "Glory Hallelujah! for God is marching on!" 
 
 'Twas a scene that would thrill e'en the heart of the dead! 
 
 You could bear it no longer, you turned and you fled, 
 
 And at home on your knees, Heaven's aid to employ. 
 
 You begged God to spare him and bring back your boy! 
 
 Yes, and wives sent their husbands, and sisters, their brothers 
 
 And daughters their fathers and sweethearts their lovers. 
 
 O comrades, the army that then marched away 
 
 Was only one army that helped win the day. 
 
 There were other grand armies that struggled and strove; 
 
 An army wrote letters of courage and love; 
 
 An army sent daily good things without stint; 
 
 An army of fingers were picking the lint; 
 
 An army of angels wnth soft touch and tread 
 
 Chased many a dark cloud from the hospital bed; 
 
 And all through the North, between the great seas, 
 
 Was an army of women — upon their knees! 
 
 O, not 'till that day when we know as we're known 
 
 And the great books are opened l)efore the white throne. 
 
 Will we know what we owe mother, sweetheart and wife 
 
 For the part that they bore in that terrible strife. 
 
 Apostrophe to the Flag: 
 
 O, Banner beautiful! O, Flag we prize! 
 Not earthborn thou! God wove thee in the skies! 
 The westering sun, athwart the drifting white, 
 Flashed in red waves its rosy bars of light 
 Until they touched with stripes of crimson hue 
 
3^)4 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 Heaven's starry, boundless, soundless sea of blue. 
 There wert thou first unfurled for mortal eyes, 
 And Freedom, for her emblem, robbed the skies! 
 And, dear old Banner, in the years to come 
 From other wars should kind hands bear thee home; 
 Should thy dear folds, above our heads, once more 
 Be stained with powder, grime and patriots' gore. 
 Should deadly bullet and the cruel shell 
 Rend the fair colors that we love so well. 
 Should other battles on thy stripes be traced. 
 Stripes, fringed and faded, tattered and defaced, 
 We'll love thee better for each stain and tear, 
 And give thee greeting with our foreheads bare! 
 God bless the Flag that freemen died to save! 
 God rest the hearts that died that it might wave! 
 On the red battlefield, where'er they fell, 
 In hospital, in prison ward and cell, 
 At home, where loving hearts their vigils keep, 
 They closed their dear brave eyes and — went to slec'p! 
 And when the Springtime comes, with tender tread 
 We strew the flowers of May above the dead. 
 They have passed on! and, though by us unseen, 
 There's but a gauzy veil that hangs between; 
 And leaving there our offering, sweet with dew, 
 Methinks the breath of flowers must filter through! 
 Sweet be their sleep! and when, our warfare done, 
 We hear beyond the stream our sunset gun. 
 When the Great Captain calls the heavenly roll, 
 And speaks the name of each immortal soul. 
 Through Heaven's arches, ringing glad and clear, 
 Let angels catch our joyous answer, '' HereV 
 
 NANCY PRIEST 
 
 The most gifted daughter of Royalston, in the realm of 
 poetry is Nancy Priest, whose poem entitled "Over the River" 
 has carried the author's name wherever the English language is 
 read. She was born in the easterly part of Royalston Dec. 7, 
 1836. Her full maiden name was Nancy Amelia Woodbury 
 Priest. Her father, Francis Dana Priest, was a native of 
 
NANCY PRIEST 
 
royalston's poetry jjj 
 
 Gardner, Mass., and her mother, Sophia B. Priest, was the 
 daughter of Col. Jacob Woodbury, a prominent man in 
 Winchendon, and famous in his day as a Revolutionary 
 veteran, and for his exploits in pursuing and slaying a wolf. 
 The family had become residents of Royalston but a few 
 months before the birth of their gifted daughter, and after a 
 few years' residence in Royalston returned to Winchendon* 
 their former home, which was thereafter their home, with the 
 exception of three or four years in Hinsdale, N. H., between 
 1851 and 1855. 
 
 Nancy never attended school after leaving Winchendon 
 when in her fifteenth year, with the exception of a term or 
 two as a pupil of Professor Ward at Powers Institute in 
 Bernardston in 1858, and she was never from home anv 
 length of time until married in 1865. 
 
 At a very early age she showed signs of an uncommon 
 mind that betokened future greatness. She learned all the 
 letters of the alphabet, great and small, says her mother, 
 before she was two years old, and it is stated of her, when 
 about two years old, that nothing ever pleased her like hearing 
 reading and singing. While still in childhood she used to 
 write poetry on her slate, and rub it out quickly if it was likely 
 to be read. Her schoolmates soon found out her fondness 
 for making rhymes, and used to coax her to make poetry for 
 them. Her earliest poem in the printed collection is said to 
 have been written at the age of fourteen, and is entitled ''Lines 
 Written to Her Schoolmates," and relates to her removal from 
 Winchendon to Hinsdale. It was while living in Hinsdale 
 that her famous poem "Over the River" was written. 
 
 At the time she was living at home and working in a 
 paper mill. One day at the noon hour while the other employees 
 were gone to dinner, she remained, as usual, because her home 
 was at some distance. As she sat on a sack of rags looking 
 across the Asheulot River, which flows through the village, 
 the impulse in her breast moved her to write. Rev. E. S. Best, 
 formerly a pastor of the Methodist Church in Winchendon, 
 gives the origin of the poem in an article prepared for a magazine 
 as follows: "Over the misty current her dark eyes gleam 
 with a mysterious brilliancy. She picks up a piece of paper, 
 and with her pencil writes rapidly for a few minutes: but the 
 bell rings; the machinery begins to clatter; she thrusts the 
 
356 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 paper into her pocket, and resumes her work. On that crumpled 
 paper is written the first sketch of a poem which has gained 
 a well-deserved renown." The author of the poem, in a letter 
 to the brother of a musical composer who desired to set it to 
 music, gave the following account of its origin: "The little 
 poem to which he purposes to give musical expression was 
 written originally on a sheet of brown wrapping paper, in 
 the hour's nooning at the mill, and then carried home, thrown 
 in with other loose papers, and entirely forgotten until I came 
 across it by accident again while looking for something else, 
 more than a year after." 
 
 The poem first appeared in the Springfield Reyuhlican of 
 August 22, 1857, when she was in her twenty-second year, 
 and under the name of "Lizzie Lincoln," which was the nom- 
 dc- plume under which she wrote many of her poems. It was 
 soon set to music by six or eight different composers, and re- 
 garding the poem one writer has said, "One cannot conceive 
 that anything can make it less popular a hundred years hence 
 than it is to-day. Though it cannot compare with Gray's 
 'Elegy' in finished elegance of expression, yet it has a music, 
 a rhythm, a pathos which is unsurpassed. Surely one has not 
 lived in vain to whom it has been given to speak words of solace, 
 comfort and hope to millions of aching hearts in measures which 
 cling to the memory and infuse the soul with a heavenly calm. 
 
 Among her other poems, one of the most popular is the one 
 entitled "Heaven," which has been much admired, and has 
 found its place in one or more collections of the choicest poetry 
 in the English language. We believe it worthy of a place in 
 the history of her native town. 
 
 HEAVEN 
 
 Beyond these chilling winds and gloomy skies, 
 
 Beyond Death's cloudy portal, 
 There is a land where beauty never dies 
 
 And love becomes immortal. 
 
 A land whose light is never dimmed by shade. 
 
 Whose fields are ever vernal. 
 Where nothing beautiful can ever fade, 
 
 But blooms for aye eternal. 
 
royalston's poktry 357 
 
 We may not know how sweet its balmy air, 
 
 How bright and fair its flowers; 
 We may not hear the songs that echo there 
 
 Through those enchanted bowers. 
 
 The city's shining towers we may not see 
 
 With our dim, earthly vision; 
 For Death, the silent warder, keeps the key 
 
 That opes those gates elysian. 
 
 But sometimes, where adown the western sky 
 
 The fiery sunset lingers, 
 Its golden gates swing inward noiselessly, 
 
 Unlocked by silent fingers. 
 
 And while they stand a moment half ajar, 
 
 Gleams from the inner glory. 
 Stream lightly through the azure vault afar, 
 
 And hilf reveil the story. 
 
 land unknown! O land of love divine ! 
 
 Father all wise, eternal, 
 Guide, guide these wandering way-worn feet of mine 
 
 Unto those pastures vernal. 
 
 In 1882 a volume of more than one hundred of the poems 
 of Nancy Priest was published, many of which bear the mark 
 of genius, and which are arranged under the divisions of'Reli- 
 gious", "Love and Friendship," "Elegiac Poems," "Patriotic 
 Poems," "Poems of Nature" and "Miscellaneous Poems." 
 In every division are poems of more than ordinary merit and 
 beauty of expression. 
 
 It is said that the songs of patriotism are alone sufficient 
 to recommend the whole volume to those who fought our 
 country's battles, and all those who rejoiced in the triumph of 
 freedom. Of the poem entitled "War to the Knife, and the 
 Knife to the Hilt" it has been said that "it is an heroic and 
 awful strain, as terrible as the fiercest lines in the "Marseil- 
 laise Hymn," and that it cannot be read without a shudder. 
 This was written in the darkest hours of our Civil War, when 
 the very life of the nation was in peril. 
 
 She was peculiarly sensitive to the charms of Nature, which 
 is strikingly illustrated in her poem. 
 
,^5>y HISTORY OF ROYAI^STON 
 
 INVOCATION 
 
 I'm tired of strife; I'm sick of heartless living; 
 
 Fain would I from the world's rude jostling fiee. 
 No longer toward youth's high ideal striving, 
 
 Thy child, mother Nature! turns to thee. 
 
 For thou can'st comfort when the heart is sorest; 
 
 Oh, let me take thy hand and walk with thee, 
 And watch thee sowing acorns in the forest, 
 
 Or scattering spring's blue violets o'er the lea. 
 
 Let me sit with thee 'neath the maples' shadows, 
 Or watch upon the hills to see thee pass; 
 
 Teach me to trace thy footsteps in the meadows 
 By the bright cowslips dotting all the grass. 
 
 Speak to me in the murmur of the river; 
 
 Sing to me with thy thousand voices sweet ; 
 Hold my tired head, and let me sit forever 
 
 Drinking in rest and patience at thy feet. 
 
 So shall I rise above earth's selfish sorrow; 
 
 So shall I win new strength to bear life's pain; 
 And waiting hopefully for heaven to-morrow. 
 
 Take up my burden, and press on again. 
 
 She was married Dec. 22, 1865, to Lieutenant Arrington 
 Clay Wakefield, who had made an honorable record in the 
 War of the RebelHon. She died Sept. 21, 1870, after less than 
 five years of married life, having borne three children, two of 
 whom with her husband survived her. 
 
 The "Congregationalist" in an article published a few 
 weeks after her death, referring to her poem "Over the River," 
 said: "It may be doubted whether a single week has trans- 
 pired in the last ten years when these verses might not have 
 been picked up from one or more of our American newspapers 
 in their issue of that week. We know, indeed, of no bit of 
 poetry of late, from any pen, that has struck the popular mind 
 so exactlv." 
 
royalston's poetry 359 
 
 ALBERT BRYANT 
 
 Albert Bryant was born in Troy, N. H., Jan. 30, 1838. 
 He was the son of Lucien and Charlotte Peirce Bryant. 
 When a young child his parents moved to Royalston, the 
 native town of his mother. He was fitted for college at Kim- 
 ball Union (Meriden, N. H.) and Phillips Andover academies, 
 graduating from Amherst College in 1862. He was an honor 
 scholar at Amherst, excelling in mental philosophy and the 
 studies of senior year. His classmate, Rev. George C. 
 Phipps, writes as follows: "His commencement poem was 
 entitled 'The Coming Republic,' and two of its glowing lines 
 might well stand for his own epitaph. 
 
 " 'That no life however silent in the grand result is lost. 
 When the gain for human progress vindicates its bloody 
 cost.'" 
 
 Another tril)ute to his poems is from Marquis F. Dickinson, 
 the well-known Boston lawyer, a native of Amherst, and 
 classmate of Bryant's, who writes as follows: 
 
 "In my opinion Bryant's poems are the best that ever 
 emanated from an Amherst graduate. He had too much on 
 hand for the free cultivation of his gift, but I am inclined 
 to believe that if he had enjoyed sufficient leisure he might 
 have left behind a great name. I remember the peculiar 
 interest which attached to the title of his address when he grad- 
 uated from the Andover Theological Seminary 'Charity Begins 
 Abroad,^ a plea, of course for foreign missions to which he 
 had then devoted himself." Besides his Commencement Poem 
 he wrote the Class Ode, which was sung on Class Day to the 
 old camp-meeting tune to which Mrs. Howe set the words of 
 the "Battle Hymn of the Republic." His poem at the 
 "Centennial Celebration" of Royalston will long be remembered 
 as a tender and loving tribute to the memories and affections 
 of her children. 
 
 He studied theology first at Princeton, N. J., but finally 
 graduated at Andover, and was immediately ordained as 
 missionary of the American Board to Sivas, Turkey. The 
 same day of his ordination he was married to Miss Mary E. 
 Torrey, a daughter of the noted "Martyr Torrey," and great- 
 granddaughter of Dr. Emmons, the famous Puritan divine, 
 
j(56> HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 and with united zeal they entered upon work for the Armenians; 
 but after a service of three years, were compelled to leave the 
 field on account of the Bryant's weakness of sight and exposure 
 to ophthalmia. The period spent among the Turks and Ar- 
 menians of Asia Minor, however, proved a source of much profit 
 and influence for him in after years, for his published articles 
 upon those themes alone would fill a large volume. 
 
 He was an indefatigable student, and with his multiple 
 pulpit and parish demands upon his thought and speech his pen 
 was never idle, for stories, poems and other articles went con- 
 stantly to the press. 
 
 On his return to this country he soon began his ministerial 
 labors. His first church was at Everett, Mass., 'where he re- 
 mained seven years. From there he went to Somerville, and 
 then as missionary to Lead City, Dakota. He was for eight 
 years Superintendent of the City Missionary Society of Wor- 
 cester. He held many other charges and was particularly adapt- 
 ed and successful in building up "run-down" churches, restoring 
 them to a healthier growth and better financial standing. His 
 wife died in 1897, and he was again married to Miss Anna F. 
 Burnham, who with four of his seven children survive him. He 
 died at Scituate, Mass., Sept. 2, 1904. An obituary notice pub- 
 lished at the time of his death, says: "Albert Bryant was a man 
 of remarkable talents, of great and constant service to man- 
 kind, as a missionary abroad and as pastor over several churches, 
 and always a force for ideals of life, as well as a man who lived 
 for his fellows in every fibre of his being. His personality and 
 his career must recall to the minds of those who in his day, — the 
 day of the crucial stress of the union, — were thrilled by his in- 
 spiring and even prophetic strains." 
 
 MRS. GEORGE WOODBURY. 
 
 Mrs. George Woodbury was born in Warwick Dec. 25, 1826, 
 her maiden name being Almira Greenwood Chase. She mar- 
 ried George Woodbury of Royalston June 24, 1849, and this 
 town was her home ever after. She was prominent in the 
 social and religious life of the town, and was deeply interested 
 
SIDNEY G. BOSWORTH 
 
 REV. ALBERT BRYANT 
 
 AMANDA (BEMIS; SMITH 
 
 MRS. GEORGE WOODBURY 
 
royalston's poetry 3()i 
 
 in the starting of a pul lie library. Dr. Frank W. Adams in 
 his address on the libraries of Royalston at the dedication of 
 the Phinehas S. Newton Library says, that the present library 
 had its origin in the Ladies Benevolent Society, and that 
 to Mrs. George Woodbury, the honored Secretary of the 
 Society, must be given the credit of the first suggestion of 
 working for that object. She held the pen of a ready and 
 prolific writer of verse, and often furnished verses for many 
 occasions. The best known of her productions is the hymn 
 which was sung by the united choirs of the town to the tune of 
 "Auld Lang Syne" at Royalston's Gentennial Celebration, Aug. 
 25, 1865. 
 
 The memr'y of a hundred years, 
 
 Unfolds its scattered page. 
 And welcomes back, with grateful tears, 
 
 A past, and present age. 
 We welcome, now, the good old day, 
 
 Whence gleamed a rising sun, 
 To guide our footsteps in the way 
 
 That echoes back "well done." 
 
 The red man's feet had wandered here. 
 
 Where first our grandsires trod; 
 Their hearts were filled with hope and fear — 
 
 Their firmest trust was God. 
 That hand still leads and guides us on 
 
 When brighter days illume: 
 And "home, sweet home," is now our song, 
 
 While paeans swell the tune. 
 
 Amid the nodding forest pines, 
 
 Their homes a shelter found; 
 Where now we train the clustering vines. 
 
 And broad, green fields abound. 
 Then welcome, welcome, ever more 
 
 The names, our hearts enshrine, 
 And while we count their hardships o'er. 
 
 Join all in "Auld Lang Syne." 
 
 We greet with joy, this hallowed day, 
 Sweet impress of the past; 
 
j(52 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 'Twill eYer shed a ling'ring ray, 
 
 Time will not soon outlast. 
 We greet you friends, we greet you now, 
 
 Who claim a l:>irthright here, 
 Though age has marked the earnest brow, 
 
 And silvered locks appear. 
 
 We welcome back the young and old, 
 
 The statesman, priest and sage, 
 And seal a friendship, tried and told, 
 
 That changes not with age. 
 We sing a requiem for the dead, 
 
 Our mem'ries still retain, 
 And on their graves our tears will shed 
 
 While our short lives remain. 
 
 We welcome back a hundred years, 
 
 And breathe a gentle sigh, 
 That mingles with our hopes, and fears, 
 
 'Mid changes ever nigh. 
 Soon will another century end. 
 
 Earth's dearest ties be riven. 
 Then may these hearts, which sweetly blend, 
 
 Sing with one voice in Heaven, 
 
 The sailing of Mrs. Josephine Ballantine, granddaughter 
 of Royalston's second minister, Rev. Ebenezer Perkins, as a 
 missionary to India called forth the — 
 
 Lines addressed to Mv. and Mrs. Joseph L. Perkins — 
 on the sailing of their daughter as a missionary to 
 India, Oct. 23, 1885. 
 
 Mother, the days and months are gone, 
 Which I have told you make the year. 
 
 When I shall sail upon the sea, 
 So kiss me now\, without a tear, 
 
 For to-morrow I sail for India. 
 
 And look upon me, with the smile 
 
 That gives good cheer to all my Avays; 
 Forget it seems the sunshine ray, 
 
royal.ston's poetry 363 
 
 To guide me on to future days, 
 As to-morrow I sail for India. 
 
 And breathe anew the heartfelt prayer, 
 That while "I lay me down to sleep" 
 
 That he who holds the unseen winds, 
 Will stay their fury on the deep, 
 
 While I to-morrow sail for India. 
 
 And Father, say, as oft you do. 
 
 Something to bring a cheering smile, 
 'Twill be like apples set in gold 
 
 While silver pictures, are the while, 
 When I to-morrow sail for India. 
 
 Now, good-bye, father, mother, all, 
 
 Whose choicest wish knows no alloy, 
 We'll hope for a reunion here. 
 
 Or for sweet days of well-earned joy, 
 Beyond the sea, where India lies. 
 
 SIDNEY G. BOSWORTH 
 
 Sidney G. Bos worth, the writer of the hymn sung at 
 Koyalston's 150th Anniversary, is a native of Royalston, son 
 of Chilson, Jr. and Sarah Prescott Bosworth. He was born 
 June 11, 1861 in what was once known as the Withington 
 place, just south of the North Royalston Road, on land ad- 
 joining the Beryl Hill Farm. The family moved to Win- 
 ■chendon when he was eleven years old, and that town has 
 since been his home. With the exception of a few hymns, 
 his poems have been mostly written for special occasions. 
 They are in quite a variety of stanzas and bear the mark 
 of special care in construction. His longest poem, up to the 
 present time, is "Invitation and Welcome" written for the 
 Winchendon 150th Anniversary celebration, and consists of 
 eight verses of Spencerian stanzas. 
 
 His "Anniversary Hymn," written for the Royalston 150th 
 Anniversary, was sung by a Winchendon Chorus Choir at the 
 exercises of August 3, 
 
j(5^ HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 I 
 
 There's a thrill of gladness in our hearts to-day, 
 As we meet and greet dear ones from far away. 
 Tears of joy are falling, glad songs upward soar, 
 Glad are we to greet you, dear old home once more. 
 
 Refrain. 
 Welcome, happy people! hear all nature say. 
 Welcome! yes, thrice welcome, to our town to-day 
 See! the fields are teeming, as in days of yore, 
 Whispering, welcome, welcome to your home once more. 
 
 II 
 
 Memories dear are crowding, clothing with a charm 
 Every recollection of the dear old farm. 
 Fancy brings before us scenes of childhood sweet, 
 As we come rejoicing, dear old friends to meet. 
 
 Refrain. 
 
 Ill 
 
 Summertime in beauty looks on the display. 
 You now make in honor of your natal day. 
 Spirits of the fathers, watching from above, 
 Mark with glad approval this display of love. 
 
 Refrain. 
 
 His "Response Especial" is a fine trilnite to the "Boys in 
 Blue," and a recognition of the country's dependence upon 
 God, and is worthy of preservation: 
 
 "God of our fathers! known of old," 
 Who in those long dark years of strife 
 
 Gave to the blue, the victory, 
 
 And thus preserved our nation's life. 
 
 To thee, to-day our prayers ascend 
 
 Be thou with us, unto the end. 
 
 Thy nation old, was rent in twain. 
 
 Thy people worshipped wood and stone, 
 
 In our dark hour, it was not so. 
 We looked. Oh, God, to thee alone. 
 
royalston's poetry 365 
 
 Father in heaven! hear us we pray, 
 Teach us to look to thee alway. 
 
 Honor we give and praise, to those. 
 
 Who bravely met, our country's foes, 
 
 On battlefield, by campfire bright 
 
 Their hearts were strong, the wrong to right; 
 
 Thou wast their God, and thus 'twill be 
 
 Honor to them. Glory to thee. 
 
 Brave hearts, and true, who wore the blue, 
 
 We meet again to honor thee 
 
 Dearer to us you grow each year, 
 
 Thus may it ever, ever be. 
 
 "Lord God of Hosts!" to thee we pray. 
 
 Be with "The Boys in Blue," to-day. 
 
 Among his other verses are "Lines in Memory of Charles 
 Sampson," "Hymn to Men's Bible Class of the Methodist 
 Sunday School, Winchendon," and verses for a Birthday 
 Club, together with others prepared for various occasions. 
 
 AMANDA BEMIS SMITH 
 
 Amanda {Bemis) Smith, a writer of numerous poems and 
 articles on various subjects contributed by her to New England 
 papers was born in Warwick, Mass., April 1, 1827, a daughter 
 of Luke and Susan Steele Bemis. She was married to Nathan 
 Smith of Royalston at the age of nineteen years. Five children 
 were born to them, a daughter who died in infancy; a son, 
 Leander A., who died in Athol in 1907; a son Loreston B., who 
 died in Royalston in 1863 at the age of thirteen years; and two 
 daughters, Mrs. Charles H. Grant and Miss Mary Smith both 
 of Brattleboro, Vt. 
 
 Her parents moved to Royalston in her early childhood 
 and she was a resident in this town until 1871, when with her 
 husband, she moved to Athol and later to Springfield, Mass., 
 where he died in 1878. After Mr. Smith's death she lived 
 in Springfield, Athol, and in the vicinity of Boston a number 
 of years before making her home with her daughter in Brattle- 
 boro, Vt., where she died Sept. 19, 1915. 
 
J^^ HIvSTORV OF ROYALSTON 
 
 She was a woman of unusual mental attainments, having 
 been a wide and constant reader and student from her child- 
 hood. Her poems were published in the Boston Transcript, 
 Springfield Republican and New England Farmer and she was 
 a frequent contributor to the Worcester West Chronicle from 
 the time it was founded for a period of more than forty years. 
 Many verses written by her for family reunions and birthday 
 anniversaries are treasured by friends and relatives. 
 
 Her poem that became the most widely known was one 
 Avritten immediately after the Johnstown, Pa., flood entitled, 
 "Johnstown or Conemaugh Flood," which she presented to 
 the Governor of Pennsylvania to be sold and the proceeds 
 used for the flood sufferers. This was published in both book 
 and pamphlet form and was sold in large numbers in Pennsyl- 
 vania and adjacent states. 
 
 LIGHT FROM THE DARKNESS 
 Comfort ye my people. — Isa. 40:1 
 
 0! Angels that hover o'er scenes of distress; 
 0! Spirits that wing your way earthward to bless; 
 O! Love, on whose lips is the balm for all woes; 
 0! Faith, on whose bosom our dead find repose. 
 
 We wait for thy liidding to lift up the lyre, 
 
 Once more with glad music and hope to inspire 
 
 The homeless, the heart sick, the weary and faint. 
 
 And the hands who are toiling mid Conemaugh's plaint. 
 
 0! Earth, wreathed in beauty of verdure and bloom. 
 Fair birthplace of fame and of glory the tomb; 
 Full often by earthquake, by storm, flood and fire, 
 Thou hast drank back thy life with its human desire. 
 
 And paved with destruction the way for the rew, 
 Thus Johnstown's fair city by faith now I view; 
 Restored to thy glory by time's ceaseless tide. 
 Once more thou shalt rise in thy honor and pride. 
 
 The mountain will fold the fair lake to her breast, 
 The rivers course on in mid ocean to rest, — 
 Ambition and enterprise rear its high tower 
 Where fate felled its thousands in one fatal hour. 
 
royalston's poetry j<57 
 
 Thy churches, thy schools, thy halls and thy homes, 
 Again to the Heavens shall lift up their domes, 
 Aud fields again smile in glad beauty, where now 
 The sword of destruction hath laid them low. 
 
 The fame of thy morrow shall glitter more bright 
 As the veil of thy sadness uplifts to the light ; 
 And more shall the love of our Union abound 
 When the suffering lambs of the flock are all found. 
 
 One heart, and one hand, is our nation's strong band ; 
 "Divided we fall, but united we stand." 
 In sorrow or sickness, in death and dismay. 
 One Father o'er all — and His love is the way. 
 
 In fair Pennsylvania's fertile domain, — 
 
 Where the blue AUeghanies are woven in chain, — 
 
 'Mong nature's wild grottoes, where fairies might dream. 
 
 Where Stony Creek glides into Conemaugh stream: 
 
 Mid the wealth of her ore, in the pride of her fame. 
 
 Fair Johnstown arose in its ancestral name. 
 
 Her villages, ten, were grouped side by side, 
 
 With homes born of love and of liberty's pride, 
 
 And close to heart, with industrial behest. 
 
 Was the Cambria plant, in its iron bound vest. 
 
 Her wealth and her fame were in many a deal ; 
 
 Our railways have girdled their lines with her steel. 
 
 Here, science and art and knowledge held power. 
 
 With houses of worship and scliools rich in dower ; 
 
 And all that the state wdth its honors afford. 
 
 In the circling domain of the city was stored. 
 
 But, the requiem we sing of her glory today. 
 
 Is the fate of her thousands now gone, — gone away. 
 
 Away on the wings of Eternity's might, — 
 
 Away to the realms of our visionless sight. 
 
 But the breezes that waft from the mountain's fair brow 
 
 And dimple with kisses the streams as they flow ; 
 
 The life that will waken the fields and the flowers 
 
 To mingle their perfume with sunshine and showers. 
 
 Will breathe in memorial for ages to come. 
 
 Of Conemaugh's grief — and the fair city's doom. 
 
 And the spirit of Kickenapawling will wake 
 
J^S HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 To whisper once more from mountain and lake, 
 
 And mingling a sigh with the past gone by, 
 
 Will retire from its gloom, as love wakes from the tomb. 
 
 DULCENIA M. RUSSELL 
 
 Dulcenia M. Russell, one of Royalston's writers of verse and 
 prose was born in Royalston Aug. 8, 1842, her maiden name 
 being Mary D. Kendall. She was married in June 1862 to Albert 
 F. Russell, and most of her life was spent in Claremont, N. H. 
 Two children were born to Mr. and Mrs. Russell: Harry 
 H. Russell born Oct. 4, 1867 and Charles R. Russell born July 
 31, 1869. The former is treasurer of the Ashuelot Paper Co., of 
 Hinsdale, N. H. Her life was devoted to her family. She died 
 in Claremont, N. H., Jan. 8, 1897. 
 
 In 1895 a volume of one hundred and twenty pages of her 
 poems was pubhshed, the title of the book being, ''Echoes from 
 the Shepherd's Bell." The preface to the book taken from her 
 poem "Sunset" is as follows: 
 
 IN GOD'S OTHER SEA 
 
 Float and sail the white ships in purity. 
 Sail and float across the sky. 
 Devoid of freight, so pure and high. 
 
 When free from sin. 
 As a disembodied soul, I would enter in 
 The fleetest vessel and sail and sail 
 O'er the world below in the crowded vale; 
 When weary, guide the tiny ark 
 Close to the shore's edge to disembark; 
 Straight to the windows of Heaven on wings of love 
 Like a weary, worn, beseeching dove, 
 I would knock for admittance." 
 
 There are about thirty poems and prose articles in the book, 
 the longest poem bears the same title as the book and others 
 are "Echoes from the Palace," "Grandma's Giants," "Sunset,'' 
 "To the G. A. R." 
 
 The opening lines of "Grandma's Giants" evidently refer 
 to the home of her grandmother: 
 
royalston's poetry 369 
 
 "The cottage was low and old and gray 
 
 The vines were tangled in such a way, 
 
 Holding in embrace its form around 
 
 From highest rafter to lowliest ground; 
 
 As over the hill from its rugged steep 
 
 At the vine-covered house I could hardly peep. 
 
 The path was green, half grown with grass 
 
 In its winding course, inviting to pass 
 
 Strangers to rest 'neath the cooling shade 
 
 Down by the gate in that forest glade. 
 
 The boards of the fence and the gate were I'ough, 
 
 The trees were crooked, knotty and tough. 
 
 The old well-sweep, with its rusty pail 
 
 Above the waters that never fail. 
 
 Hangs winter and summer just the same 
 
 Greeting me first as hither I came. 
 
 Marigold, hollyhock and crimson phlox, 
 
 With vines and moss hid the little box; 
 
 Evergreens, with flowers, just covered the way, 
 
 This house of stone of grandma's — gray; 
 
 Green, yellow and sober brown. 
 
 Mottled, mixed in hopeless tone. 
 
 Nestled this cottage:" 
 
 The opening lines of the poem "Sunset" give a beautiful 
 description : 
 
 'Tt is sunset; behind the western hills 
 
 Slowly the sun is sinking out of sight, 
 
 Lingering yet on fields and woods and rills, 
 
 Ere he bids the world again good- night. 
 
 In loving benediction rest its rays, in hue and shades 
 
 Rivalling tints of the bow in the sky, 
 
 Gleaming l)rightly, anon to fade, 
 
 Slowl}' dissolving, at last to die. 
 
 Away, away, in the open space 
 
 Scattered and gone in the empty air, 
 
 In silence to vanish and leave no trace 
 
 Save a gleam of glory resting there. 
 
 Only twelve hours agone, at the rim 
 
SJO HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 (3f the horizon in the light so dim, 
 Had the sun met anew this side of earth, 
 Kissing the hilltops with morning's breath; 
 Creeping through the forest of leafy green, 
 Creeping and lighting with rosy sheen, 
 Awaking the birds from their frightful sleep, 
 Through and through the wooded deep; 
 Across the meadow the golden ball, 
 Flaming and sparkling in silent fall. 
 Tosses and flings in careless abandon, 
 Lighting a million Wades at random." 
 
 PECK'S POEM ON UNIVERSALISM 
 
 "When it was written or by whom, seems now to be a prol)lem 
 somewhat difficult of solution; for we have made considerable 
 exertions to ascertain the fact, besides writing to a number of 
 gentlemen bearing the name of Peck, but have not been able 
 to learn anything of our author, and it is to say the least a ques- 
 tion whether "John Peck" is a veritable person or whether 
 it is not an anonymous signature." 
 
 The above quotation is from the preface to the fourth edition 
 of Peck's poem. 
 
 But "John Peck was a veritable person." We find in the 
 early history of Royalston that John Peck moved from Rehobath 
 and redeemed from the primeval forest the place formerly known 
 as the Whitman Gates place. He was uncle to Benoni Peck, Esq., 
 and grandfather to the late Gov. Peck of Vermont. 
 
 We have no means of knowing when Peck's Poem first 
 appeared in print, but it passed through several editions, the 
 third edition having been issued from the press in 1813. About 
 the middle of the last century it was with some other pieces, 
 reproduced by John P. Jewett & Co., Boston, and H. P. B. 
 Jewett, Cleveland, Ohio. The poem was probably called out 
 by the preaching of Rev. Hosea Ballon and Sebastian Streeter, 
 men who are sometimes styled the fathers of Universalism in 
 America. They both originated in Richmond N. H., an 
 adjoining town and commenced their life work in that vicinity. 
 When his large family had grown up, he removed with them to 
 Vermont. 
 
royalston's poetry 371 
 
 The opening verse of the httle volume reads: 
 
 What if the author is no bard 
 But writes a doggerel song; 
 What if the muse her aid refuse 
 W^hile he doth creep along. 
 
 Some of the disconnected verses are as follows: 
 
 "Some think the just alone reach heaven, 
 But all who curse and swear, 
 And lie and steal, get drunk and kill 
 Find safe admittance there." 
 
 '■'King Pharaoh and his mighty host 
 Had Godlike honors given; 
 A pleasant breeze brought them with ease 
 By water unto Heaven." 
 
 "So all the filthy Sodomites 
 When God bade Lot retire, 
 Went in a trice to Paradise 
 On rapid wings of fire." 
 
 "And when the filthy Cananites 
 To Joshua's host were given. 
 The sun stood still so they might kill 
 And send them off to Heaven." 
 
 WILLIAM M. LEATHE 
 
 Among the natives of Royalston who have engaged in the 
 writing of verse which is of merit is William M. Leathe. 
 
 He was born in Royalston March 22, 1821, and was the third 
 of a family of four sons and two daughters of Benjamin and 
 Paulena (Chase) Leathe. His education was received in the 
 schools of Royalston and at Andover. About 1844 he went to 
 Fitchburg where he was for many years engaged in the palm 
 leaf business and was later in company with Gardner Farrar 
 and Henry Clark under the firm name of Clark, Farrar & Leathe 
 in the manufacture of Shaker hoods. He was also for several 
 
J72 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 years in the book and stationary trade at a store in the American 
 house block in Fitchljurg. He was one of the pioneer aboli- 
 tionists of Fitchburg and was a member of the old Trinitarian 
 church till after the destruction of Slavery, when it was 
 disbanded, and he united with the; Eollstone Congregational 
 church of that city. He was also a strong advocate of the 
 Temperance Reform. 
 
 He was actively engaged in l)usiness until 1874, after which 
 time, he devoted a portion of his time to work of a philan- 
 thropic nature, and was one of the most active members of 
 the corporation of the Fitchburg Home for Old Ladies, being a 
 member of the board of managers from its organization until 
 his death. He was married Oct. 29, 1844, to Miss Sarah M. 
 Davis of Templeton. They lived to celebrate their golden 
 wedding (3ct. 29, 1894, and 60th wedding anniversary in 1904. 
 
 Among his publications is a little book of poems dedicated to 
 "The love of truth and righteousness." "Charity or the Golden 
 Rule," occupies thirty-three eight-line stanzas in which the senti- 
 ments of faith, hope tnd charity predominate. Then follows: 
 "Who is My Neighbor," "What Will it Profit a Man," "Words of 
 Admonition," "The Old Year" and others of a serious and re- 
 flective nature. "My Father's and My Mother's Fireside" is 
 a beautiful trilnite to his early home, from which we quote the 
 following verses: 
 
 "Oh never amid the gay circles of pride 
 Shall I cease to think of my father's fireside, 
 Where music, sweet converse, affection and play 
 Filled up the glad hours at the close of each day. 
 
 We oft sought applause in that father's fond eyes 
 How precious his precept, instructive and wise; 
 One book he held forth as our fight and our guide, 
 And we searched for its truths by father's fireside. 
 
 As for me, I have seen this world's winding ways, 
 Have sighed o'er its folfies and smiled at its praise; 
 Have sat at rich banquets in mansions and hall, 
 Still my father's fireside was dearest of all. 
 
CHAPTER XIV 
 BIOGRAPHICAL 
 
 COL. GEORGE WHITNEY 
 
 Among the roll of Royalston's most honored and success- 
 ful business men, is the name of Col. George Whitney. He 
 was born in Royalston, Sept. 21, 1817, a son of Amos and 
 Sophia Whitney and was always a resident of his native 
 town, contributing in many ways to make it a model and 
 prosperous comnmnity. He was brought up on a farm, and 
 started out early in life to earn his own living, being first a 
 stage coach driver, and also of the big freight teams between 
 Royalston and Boston. For years he was a conspicuous figure 
 at the annual meetings of the old stage drivers of the period 
 antedating the time of the railroad. After leaving the busi- 
 ness of freighting merchandise to Boston, Col. Whitney gave 
 his attention to the chair and lumber business at South 
 Royalston, and on the building of the old Vermont & Massa- 
 chusetts Railroad, and the establishment of a depot at South 
 Royalston, he was given the position of depot agent, which 
 he held for many years. 
 
 In 1858 soon after the death of Rufus Bullock, Mr. Whit- 
 ney with Daniel Day of Royalston, bought the woolen mill 
 at South Royalston, and for a few years they carried on the 
 manufacture of cassimeres. After Mr. Day went out of the 
 business. Col. Whitney had associated with him Rufus S. 
 Frost of Boston and later James Phillips, Jr. of Fitchburg. 
 For several years he carried on the business alone assisted 
 by his son George E. Whitney, and also operated a mill in 
 Enfield, N. H. of which his son George was the general man- 
 ager. 
 
 Col. Whitney was prominent in public life for many years. 
 In 1856 he served his town on the Board of Selectmen, repre- 
 sented the Second Representative District of Worcester 
 County in the Legislature of 1859, and was also a Repre- 
 sentative in 1893. He was a member of the State Senate 
 in 1863 and '64, and of the Governor's Council from 1873 to 
 
374 HISTORY OF KOYALSTON 
 
 1877 inclusive, and at his last election reseived the unusual 
 honor of a unanimous election. We doubt whether the 
 records will show any other public man in the Common- 
 wealth as having a like record of unanimity at any election 
 where 30,000 or more ballots have been cast. He was also 
 at one time prominently mentioned as candidate for the 
 Republican nomination for lieutenant governor. He served 
 on the Commission to ascertain and establish the boundary 
 line between Massachusetts and New Hampshire and served 
 the State and community with ability in many other capac- 
 ities. He was a director of the Millers River National Bank, 
 Athol, for a period of about thirty years. 
 
 The high esteem in which he was held by his fellowtowns- 
 men was well shown on the occasion of his 80th birthday, 
 when the whole town turned out to do him honor, and gave 
 him a grand reception in the town hall. 
 
 He married Eliza J. Simpson of Boston, April 14, 1812. 
 Their children were Sophia Elizabeth, born May 2, 1814, 
 who died when only two and a half months old, Mary Eliza- 
 beth born Oct. 11, 1847 and George Ellis born Jan. 30, 1864. 
 
 Mrs. Whitney died and he married, second, Mary 
 
 Evelyn Carter, Aug. 21, 1890. She was born in Winchendon, 
 June 17, 1849. 
 
 Colonel Whitney died Dec. 26, 1897. 
 
 WILLIAM FORDYCE BIGELOW 
 
 ^Ym. Fordyce Bigelow was born in Montpelier, Vt., Dec. 14, 
 1817, son of Joseph Bigelow. He weighed only three pounds at 
 his birth, but he did not lack vitality when grown up, for he was 
 a very energetic man almost to his last days. When he was 
 seven years old his father had a shock and Fordyce left home 
 and came to Royalston to live with one Peter Prescott. When 
 only fourteen years old he walked from Royalston to his old 
 home in Montpelier, Vt. with only twenty-five cents of money 
 with him, and after a visit of two weeks walked the greater part 
 of the way back to Royalston. At the Prescott home he was 
 kept busy all the time; the schoolhouse was just across the road, 
 and so valuable was his time that he even had to go home at 
 recess time and work in the garden or at other employment. 
 
WILLIAM F. BIGELOW 
 
BIOGRAPHICAL 375 
 
 His father gave him his time when eighteen years old. After 
 leaving the Prescott home he went to South Royahton and 
 worked in Harrington's brush wood shop, and then to South 
 Howeville in Fitzwilliam where he turned pails until he bought 
 the Heywood farm about 1846. He remodelled the buildings 
 and had one of the largest and most convenient barns in Northern 
 Worcester County. He married Susan Maria Taft March 25, 
 1847 and brought her to his new farm home. He brought this 
 rundown farm into a highly cultivated condition, and became 
 one of the most successful farmers in this section of the country. 
 He engaged in the fattening of cattle, and used to raise all the 
 corn for fattening his stock, and also large quantities of grain 
 especially all the wheat for flour for the family. During the 
 Civil War time he used to sell his seed wheat for four dollars per 
 bushel. He believed in early rising, getting up at two o'clock 
 in the morning, and going to Keene, N. H., twenty miles distant, 
 with his grain for the grist mill, arriving there before the miller 
 was up. In 1871 he sold his farm and came to Royalston Centre 
 and bought the Holman place where he spent his days; he died 
 April 25, 1900. 
 
 He married, second, Dulcena Davis Reed. The children of 
 Wm. Fordyce and Susan (Taft) Bigelow were: Delia, born Jan. 
 1, 1848, who married John A. Lowe of Worcester; they had one 
 son Allan Lowe, who is a draftsman in Worcester; Joseph H. 
 Bigelow, born in Royalston, May 17, 1849, married Belle Todd of 
 Springfield, Vt. He has been for many years foreman in the toy 
 factory of Milton Bradley, Springfield. He has no children. 
 
 Lyman E. Bigelow, born June 18, 1851, married Malora R. 
 Stone of Marlboro, N. H. June 22, 1878. He stayed on the farm 
 until twenty years old, and attended the district schools, after 
 which he served an apprenticeship to learn the tool maker's 
 trade at Marlboro, N. H., and is now located in Orange, Mass., 
 where he has been tool maker in the New Home Sewing Machine 
 Co. for thirty-seven years. They have no children. 
 
 GEORGE FLETCHER MILLER 
 
 George Fletcher Miller was born in Westminster, Mass. 
 April 19, 1804, the son of Asa and Bertha (Winship) Miller, 
 and v/as the fourth of seven children. Early in life a musical 
 
J7d HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 talent created an inspiration for its perfection, and during the 
 summer of 1829 he taught his first singing school At that time 
 he told a friend it was his gmbition to have engraved upon his 
 tombstone "He taught little children to sing." 
 
 In 1836 he was engaged by the First Congregational Church 
 and Society of Royalston to guide "Songs of the Sanctuary," 
 and consequently moved to this town about that time, and was 
 employed by the parish to have charge of the singing until his 
 death, with the exception of some five or six years when he taught 
 vocal music in the Westfield Normal School from 1851 to 1858 
 and took charge of the singing in the Congregational Church 
 of that town. He was Town Clerk of Royalston from 1847 to 
 1851 inclusive, was a member cf the school committee, and also 
 for many years clerk of the parish and church, and the records of 
 both town and church are memorials of his fine penmanship. 
 
 He was a teacher of singing at the Massachusetts Agricultural 
 College at Am.herst soon after the college was opened, and was 
 widely known as a teacher of singing schools in this whole section 
 of the country having at the time of his death just commenced 
 his 368th and 369th singing schools. He died in 1875 from 
 the effects of an injury received from being thrown from an 
 express wagon while descending New Salem hill. He married 
 Malinda Edgell of Westminster. They had five children, Mary 
 Edgell, Sarah Elizabeth, Susan Maria, Emily Bullock and George 
 Edward. 
 
 HERMAN M. PARTRIDGE 
 
 Herman M. Partridge was born in Templeton, Jan. 22, 1832. 
 His early life was spent in Templeton and Winchendon. He 
 married Emily Bullock Miller, daughter of George F. and 
 Melinda Miller, Nov. 24, 1859. He enlisted in the Civil War in 
 Co. E. of the 53d Regiment Mass. Volunteers in the fall of 1862 
 and was promoted to Quartermaster Sergeant, Oct. 17, 1862. 
 He was prominent in musical circles throughout this part of the 
 state, in his earlier years playing the organ, afterward as a teacher 
 of music in different towns and a leader of choirs in Fitchburg, 
 Athol and Winchendon, and for several years was the leader at 
 the First Congregational Church of Royalston, holding that 
 position at the time of his death. 
 
BIOGRAPHICAL J77 
 
 Most of his life after his return from the war was spent in 
 l^oyalston. He was engaged in the insurance business, and 
 at one time was engaged in the manufacture of crutches, and all 
 kinds of kindergarten materials for schools, Indian clubs, dumb- 
 bells, etc. He was a member of Mt. Rollstone Lodge of Odd 
 Fellows of Fitchburg, the Grand Army Post of Fitchburg, the 
 Royalston Grange, of which he was one of the charter members. 
 He took great interest in the regimental association of the Fifty- 
 Third Regiment, of which he was for many years the efficient 
 secretary, making all the arrangements for the annual reunions. 
 
 He died Dec. 13, 1904 
 
 His son, Edward M. Partridge, born in Royalston Dec. 23, 
 1862 is a druggist in Millers Falls. 
 
 J. MILTON PARTRIDGE 
 
 J. Milton Partridge, son of Maynard and Mary (Upham) 
 Partridge, was born in South Royalston, Aug. 26, 1833. He 
 attended school in that village and went to Winchendon with 
 his parents when young. He married Elvira J. Samson of Win- 
 chendon Nov. 10, 1857. They soon after moved to Royalston 
 which was henceforth their home. He was a respected citizen 
 of the town and was engaged in the lumber business and farming. 
 He united with the Congregational Church in 1861, and was 
 elected deacon in January, 1893, which office he held until his 
 resignation in 1903. His wife died April 3, 1901 and soon after 
 her death he went to live with his adopted daughter Mrs. Stella 
 V. Newton, which was his home as long as he lived. He died 
 July 12, 1915. 
 
 STEPHEN H. HEYWOOD 
 
 *S. H. Heywood was born in Royalston, Sept. 4. 1833. He 
 lived at home on the farm with his father until twenty-one years 
 of age, when he went to Winchendon to work for Murdock & 
 Fairbanks in the wooden ware shop for about six years; then in 
 company with S. N. & George Holman he bought out the 
 Howeville property and manufactured wooden ware for ten 
 years, when he sold out and went to Jackson, Mich., and shipped 
 eggs for two years. He then went to Myrudale, Pa. from which 
 place he shipped butter for three years, and then went to Troy, 
 
Sys HISTORY OF ROY ALSTON 
 
 Pa., and started the first creamery in that section, which he run 
 twenty years and then sold out, since which time he has spent 
 much of his spare time in travelling. He never married, nor 
 joined any secret organization. 
 
 CYRUS P. REED 
 
 Cyrus P. Reed, son of Capt. Cyrus B. and Seraph (Goddard) 
 Reed, was born in Royalston, April 12, 1834, the oldest of four 
 children. He was married April 2, 1858 to Miss Sarah Wheeler, 
 daughter of Leonard Wheeler, who was the village blacksmith 
 for many years. They had two children: Charles W., who is 
 the proprietor of a livery stable in Orange and Lizzie M. 
 
 He was a teamster and carried on a small farm. Was promi- 
 nent in town affairs and for many years was a familiar figure as 
 one of the marshals at the fairs of the Worcester Northwest 
 Agricultural Society. He was a charter member of Royalston 
 Grange. 
 
 WILLIAM D. RIPLEY 
 
 William D. Ripley, who was for many years a familiar figure 
 on Royalston Common, was a native of Norwich, Conn., the 
 oldest son of Dr. Dwight Ripley, a successful physician. He 
 married Emily Bullock, daughter of Hon. Rufus Bullock, and 
 sister of Governor Bullock, and his home at the old Bullock 
 mansion on Royalston Common was one of culture and refine- 
 ment and approached the ideal of an old time country seat. 
 He was a man of fine presence, courteous manner, and exemplary 
 character. He died in 1880 at the age of eighty-one 
 years. 
 
 BENJAMIN WARD UPHAM 
 
 Benjamin Ward Upham, seventh generation from John 
 Upham of Weymouth, Mass., was born in Royalston, Oct. 
 29, 1809. At the age of ten years he was left an orphan by 
 the death of his father from inhaling the gas of a charcoal 
 pit he was burning. During his boyhood he Avorked on farms 
 
RKNJAAIIX WARD UPIIAM 
 
 cal?:b a. cook 
 
BIOGRAPHICAL 379 
 
 in Royplston, with the exception of a few months spent in 
 Boston. 
 
 April 21, 1839, he was married to OUve Bartlett and 
 moved to the farm where he Hved until his death April 1, 
 1893. To them were born three children of whom one, 
 Elmer Benjamin Upham of Athol is still living. 
 
 In 1852, his first wife having died he married Phebc 
 Kimball Tenney, by whom he had one child, Arthur Aquila 
 Upham of Whitewater, Wisconsin. His second wife died in 
 1861, and in 1863 he married Lucy Norcross French who 
 survived him nine years. 
 
 Benjamin Upham was a man of sterling character and 
 strict integrity. He was proud to tell his boys that when 
 he bought the farm, he was able to borrow money without 
 placing a mortgage on the place. He had a "holy horror" of 
 being in debt and would scarcely ever buy anything without 
 paying for it on the spot. Although never very robust, he 
 was an exceedingly industrious man, always on time with 
 his work, retaining sufficient strength to do his chores until 
 within three weeks of his death at the age of eighty-three. 
 
 CALEB A. COOK 
 
 Caleb A. Cook, son of David and Nelly (Garfield) Cook, 
 was born in Royalston, April 10, 1821. His grandfather 
 David Cook bought a place in West Royalston and in the 
 first half of the last century kept tavern there; he drew the 
 pension of an orderly sergeant, and died in 184-4 at the age 
 of ninety-one years. 
 
 CalelVs early life was spent on his father's farm in West 
 Royalston. He learned the watchmaker's trade when a 
 young man and did quite a business at his home repairing 
 watches, clocks and jewelry. He went to Athol in 1864 and 
 engaged in the grocery business with P. C. Tyler. He soon 
 disposed of his interest in that l)usiness and went into the 
 jewelry business with S. W. Bliss, and after a few years en- 
 gaged in the jewelry and watchmaker's business for himself, in 
 which he continued until his health failed and he sold out the 
 business. While a resident of Royalston he was prominent 
 in town affairs and was a member of the Board of Selectmen 
 
^gQ HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 in 1858, '59 and '60. He was a candidate for Representative 
 to the General Court, and was defeated by only a few votes. 
 He was also a Justice of the Peace for several years. He 
 married Susan Herrick of Royalston, May 8, 1842. They 
 had three children: a son who died at four years of age, 
 Stella who married Frank Hutchinson of Athol, and Sarah A. 
 who married Charles H. Tvler, for many years a prominent 
 grocer of Athol. Mrs. Cook died Aug. 11, 1881, and he 
 married, second, Jane L. Case, March 30, 1882. 
 He died April 13, 1888. 
 
 REV. EBENEZER CUTLER 
 
 Rev. Ehenezer Culler was born in Royalston, Aug. 21, 
 1822. He graduated from the University of Vermont in 
 the class of 1845, having entered the college from Water- 
 ford, Vt., and graduated from Andover Theological Seminary 
 in 1848. He received the degree of A.M. from the former 
 in 1849 and of D.D. from the Theological Seminary in 1866. 
 Was ordained a Congregational clergyman in 1850. He 
 preached in St. Albans, Vt., 1850 to 1855, when he received 
 a call to become the pastor of Union Congregational Church 
 in Worcester, Mass., where he was installed, Sept. 6, 1855. 
 Dr. Cutler continued his ministry at that church with grow- 
 ing reputation, until 1865, when he was elected President 
 of the University of Vermont of which he had been one of 
 the Trustees from 1853 to 1857. This called forth an urgent 
 appeal from his people not to leave them, and he conse- 
 quently declined the flattering offer. Shortly after, he 
 received a tender of the Professorship of Ecclesiastical History 
 in Hartford Theological Seminary, but this also he promptly 
 put aside without waiting for it to take formal shape. In 
 the autumn of 1874 he initiated the proceedings which 
 resulted in the organization of the Worcester Congregational 
 Club, of which he became the first president. The sub- 
 sequent history of the club amply vindicated itself and hini. 
 In the winter of 1877, a bronchial trouble compelled him to 
 seek relief in other climates — first going to Florida and in 
 the summer to Europe. He was absent from his pulpit 
 until the following October, when he resumed preaching. 
 
BIOGRAPHICAL, 3S1 
 
 although not fully recovered. Early in 1878, under stress 
 of circumstances, he finally resigned his pulpit, retaining 
 however, his office. The pastoral relation was not dissolved 
 until the 11th of October, 1880, just before the installation 
 of his successor. The council in dismissing him made mention 
 of his "wide usefulness" and "profound scholarship," and 
 gave him the name of "a Christian man without fear and 
 without reproach." 
 
 He continued to worship with Union Church, which sub- 
 sequently testified its appreciation and esteem by honoring 
 him with the title of pastor emeritus, which he held until his 
 death, Jan. 16, 1898. 
 
 REV. HENRY CUMMINGS 
 
 Rev. Henry Cunimings, second son of Joshua and Hep- 
 zibah (Hale) Cummings, was born in Royalston, Sept. 12, 
 1823. His parents removed to Westminster, Mass., when 
 he was twelve years old. He attended Westminster Academy 
 and was admitted to Amherst College on his twenty-first 
 birthday, graduating in the class of 1847. Graduated at 
 Andover Theological Seminary in 1850. He was ordained 
 and installed pastor of the Congregational Church in Newport, 
 N. H., July 16, 1851, and after fifteen years, was dismissed 
 July 25, 1866, to be installed Sept. 5, 1866, pastor at Rutland, 
 Mass., where he served nearly eight years, when the pastoral 
 relation was severed by council, July 1, 1874, that he might 
 be installed four weeks later in Strafford, Vt., where he 
 served for more than thirty years, until released by council 
 June 6, 1905, to become pastor emeritus. His ministerial 
 service extended over a period of more than fifty years 
 and was marked by seasons of deep religious interest. 
 
 A notable revival in the Newport pastorate brought 
 more than one hundred into the church on confession of 
 faith, including in some families three generations, while 
 in the first year of the Rutland pastorate about fifty united 
 with the church. Of scholarly tastes and firm convictions, 
 he proved himself an able and faithful minister of the Word. 
 
 A sound counselor and trusted friend, he won the respect 
 of all, while many came to hold him in veneration. He 
 married, Sept. 9, 1851, Mary A. Beaman, daughter of Ephraim 
 
382 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 and Mary (Roper) Beaman of Princeton, Mas.s., who died 
 in Strafford, Vt., Oct. 11, 1904. Five children were born 
 to them in Newport, N. H. 
 
 The chikh'en were: Deacon Henry B. Cummings of 
 Strafford, Vt.; Mrs. Mary Elizabeth, wife of Rev. Thomas 
 Gamble of Witenhope, Cape Colony; Rev. Geo. H. Cum- 
 mings of West Boylston, Mass.; Miss Anna M. Cummings, 
 Principal of Huguenot Seminary, Wellington, Cape Colony; 
 and Miss Sarah Cummings, who ministered to both her 
 parents in the Strafford home through their declining years. 
 He died in Strafford, Vt., Feb. 21, 1913. 
 
 SOLON BRYANT 
 
 Solon Bryant, who w^as prominent in the wholesale notion 
 trade of New England for more than a quarter of a century, 
 although not born in Royalston, was closely identified with 
 the town, his mother being a member of the well-known 
 Pierce family, while the larger part of his boyhood was passed 
 in the town and some of his business life. He was born in 
 Troy, N. H., in 1835, the son of Lucian and Charlotte 
 (Pierce) Bryant. When five or six years old his parents 
 removed to South Royalston, where his boyhood was passed. 
 At the age of fifteen years, he entered the employ of Lee & 
 Wood, who conducted a general store in Templeton and did 
 a large business for those times. When the war broke out, 
 he served in the Commissary Department and on his return 
 North associated himself with his stepfather, John Pierce, in 
 the meat business. 
 
 His next venture was a store in Whitinsville, Mass., which 
 he carried on for two years and then entered a wholesale 
 dry goods house in Boston. 
 
 After a while he started in business for himself and for 
 two or three years drove a large four-horse peddlers' wagon 
 and delivered Yankee notions at the door of the merchants. 
 In 1870, he opened, in connection with this, a wholesale 
 warehouse on Mechanic Street in Worcester and formed 
 a partnership with Col. D. D. Wiley under the firm name 
 of Bryant & Wiley, which continued until Colonel Wiley with- 
 drew from the business to enter the United States Customs 
 
BIOGRAPHICAI, 383 
 
 House in Boston, when Mr. Bryant assumed the business 
 under the firm name of Solon Bryant & Co., and under 
 this name became prominent throughout the country. A 
 quiet and unassuming gentleman of the old school, he was 
 a potent factor in the building of the city of Worcester as 
 a wholesale center. He was a charter member of Piedmont 
 Congregational Church, and deeply interested in Y. M. C. A. 
 work. He died in December, 1901, of heart failure. 
 
 GEORGE EDWARD MILLER 
 
 George Edward Miller, son of George F. and Melinda Miller, 
 was born in Royalston, Sept. 2, 1838. He went to Norwalk, 
 Conn., early in life and became associated with the banking in- 
 terests of that place, which interests he maintained almost 
 throughout the more than forty years that he lived there. He 
 became identified with the Norwalk Savings Society early in 
 his banking career and was later made Secretar)' and Treasurer 
 of that institution, which position he held at the time of his 
 death, Dec. 27, 1903. He married Fannie Miner Brooks, dau- 
 ghter of Charles Coe Brooks, Esq., of New York City, October 
 18, 1864, from which union there were three children : George 
 North Miller, deceased, and Sarah Brooks Miller and Charles 
 Edward Miller, who are still living. Mrs. Miller died June 2, 
 1908. 
 
CHA.PTER XV 
 SONS OF ROYALSTON 
 
 ASAHEL PECK 
 
 Asahel Peck, son of Squire and Elizabeth (Goddard) 
 Peck, was born in Royalston, Sept. 1803. His father 
 went to Vermont and settled at Montpelier when Asahel 
 was only three years old. Ashael's youth was passed on 
 the farm where he developed the sturdy vigor, mental, moral 
 and physical, that was so marked throughout his career. 
 He was educated in the common schools and fitted at the 
 Washington County Grammar School to enter the sophomore 
 class of the University of Vermont in 1824. He left the 
 University in his senior year at the invitation of the President 
 of a French College in Canada for a course of study in 
 the French language in the family of the latter. He studied 
 law in the office of his oldest brother, Nahum Peck, at 
 Hinesburg, Vt., who was one of the leading lawyers of that 
 section, and afterwards for a year or two in the office of 
 Bailey & Marsh at Burlington. 
 
 He was admitted to the bar in March, 1832, practiced 
 alone for a while and afterward in partnership with Archi- 
 bald Hyde and later with D. A. Smalley. He was a man 
 of solid rather than brilliant part, but he made his way 
 steadily. One writer in speaking of him said that it was 
 "characteristic of him that he was slow in everything, but 
 in the end he was almost always sure to be right, and that 
 he regarded as the only point worth gaining." He was a 
 thorough and patient student, "possessing a tenacious mem- 
 ory he held firmly all that he had secured in years of study 
 and could instantly bring his great store of learning to bear 
 upon any legal question presented to him." 
 
 One critic has said that no man in New England since 
 Judge Story has equalled him in knowledge of the common 
 law of England and the law of equity. He and Rufus 
 Choate were once pitted against each other in a case, and 
 that wonderful genius of the profession, professed astonish" 
 
SONS OF ROYALSTON JS5 
 
 ment to find such a lawyer in Vermont, and besought him to 
 move to Boston, where he would surely win both fame and 
 fortune. But there were higher things in life for Peck and 
 he persisted in staying in Vermont, whose practice he believed 
 was the best in the Union to develop a lawyer of really great 
 attainments. He was judge of the circuit court from 1851 
 to 1857 when it ceased. 
 
 In 1860 he was elected a Judge of the Supreme Court 
 under the present system and held the position continuously, 
 though desiring toward the end to retire, until his election 
 as Governor of Vermont in 1874. 
 
 He was nominated then in response to a strong demand 
 from the people and against the calculations of the old line 
 of managing politicians. Generally speaking his adminis- 
 tration was able, sound and deeper in its impress on the 
 opinion of the people than that of almost any governor 
 for many yeers. On his retirement from the governor's 
 chair Judge Peck retired to his farm in Jericho where he 
 lived in the enjoyment of rural life, of which he was 
 passionately fond, until his death May 18, 1879. 
 
 In politics Judge Peck was by nature and early affilia- 
 tions a Democrat. But the aggressions of the Slavercracy 
 early disgusted him, and he became a Free Soiler in 1848, 
 being a member of the famous Buffalo Convention that 
 nominated Van Buren and Adams, and after the formation 
 of the Free Democracy or Liberty Party he identified him- 
 self with it, was its candidate for Congress in the Burlington 
 district and naturally was one of the pioneers in the for- 
 mation of the Republican party. 
 
 Judge Peck was too great a lawyer, too large minded a 
 man to allow the forms of law to outweigh the essentials 
 of right and justice. He was profoundly religious, and 
 Governor W. P. Dillingham, who was his Secretary of civil 
 and military affairs, says that he was one of the best Bibli- 
 cal students he ever met, and that he would sit up until 
 nearly midnight talking of religious matters, of the lofty 
 purity of Isaiah and of the mission of Christ. He never 
 married. 
 
386 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 JAMES ORMOND WILSON 
 
 James Ormond Wilson, one of Royalston's most dis- 
 tinguished sons, was born April 2, 1825, a son of James 
 and Chloe (Murdock) Wilson. He received his early edu- 
 cation at the West Brattleboro Academy, in Vermont; the 
 New Salem Academy and Williston Seminary at Easthampton. 
 Graduated at Dartmouth College in 1850 receiving the degrees 
 of Bachelor of Arts and Master of Arts. 
 
 Following his graduation at Dartmouth he went to Wash- 
 ington, D. C. and accepted a position in the Treasury De- 
 partment where he remained until 1868. In the meantime 
 he had studied law and was admitted to the bar of the 
 District. He served eight years on the Board of Education, 
 after which, in 1870, he was appointed to the pD^ition of 
 superintendent of the schools of Washington, which he held 
 for fifteen consecutive years. During that service he in- 
 stituted and carried to successful fruition many reform 5. 
 To him is given much credit for the improved sanitary 
 condition in the school buildings, the type of eight-room 
 building now in general use being of his design. He was a 
 leader m school progress, and introduced industrial draw- 
 ing, manual training, domestic economy and military train- 
 ing, and was instrumental in having these subjects adopted 
 by many of the country's schools. 
 
 Under his direction exhibits were prepared by the district 
 school children and sent to the international exhibitions at 
 Vienna and Paris and elsewhere. At each of these exhibi- 
 tions the work prepared by the Washington students was 
 awarded the medal of highest honor. 
 
 The French government voted Mr. Wilson as superin- 
 tendent of schools, special personal recognition for the work 
 displayed by the students at the exhibition at Paris. 
 
 From 1870 he was connected with many educational 
 and charitable institutions and societies. He was for some 
 time President of the board of trustees of Garheld Hospital, 
 and was also connected with the Industrial Home School, 
 Columbia Historical Society, the George Washington Univer- 
 sity, National Metropolitan Bank, Industrial Education of 
 
SONS OF ROY ALSTON JS? 
 
 Colored Youths, the New York Avenue Presbyterian Church 
 and the American Colonization Society. 
 
 After his retirement from the School Board he was 
 actively interested in affairs pertaining to Education. 
 
 He married Miss Sarah Hungerfortl. They had three 
 daughters, Clara, Anne and Eleanor, the latter of whom, 
 married Dr. A. L. Wilson of Lynchburg, Va. Mrs. Sarah 
 Hungerford Wilson died in 1906. J. Ormond Wilson died 
 April 2, 1911 on his 86th birthday anniversary, when it had 
 been planned for one hundred and fifty teachers and officials 
 of the Washington schools, and others, to visit him and 
 extend their felicitations. 
 
 The Washington Evening Star said of him: ''The death 
 of J. Ormond Wilson at the moment when his host of friends 
 were making ready to congratulate him on his eighty-sixth 
 birthday was particularly sad. Scores of old friends, men 
 and women who had known him for more than a century, 
 mature men who had been his boj's in the schools of the 
 older Washington, were calling to felicitate him. Instead of 
 a cheery welcome death's signal met them at the door. Mr. 
 Wilson had many friends — real friends — and this fact as- 
 serts the character of the man." 
 
 HON. GEORGE CARTER RICHARDSON 
 
 Hon. George Carter Richardson, son of Dr. Thomas and 
 Jane (Brown) Richardson, was born in Royalston, April 27, 
 1808. 
 
 At the age of fifteen years he entered upon mercantile 
 pursuits as a clerk and salesman in the large country store 
 of Franklin Gregory in Royalston. At the age of twenty- 
 two he became a partner with Mr. Gregory, and so continued 
 for five years, when he established with Hiniry Earle a dry- 
 gooc's jobbing business in Boston, the firm being Richardson 
 & Earle. This continued about two years, when he entered 
 into partnership with George D. Dutton. The firm thus 
 formed continued as Dutton & Richardson and Dutton, 
 Richardson & Co. up to 1855 during which was developed 
 a large importing trade with England, France and Germany, 
 Mr. Richardson visiting England to establish business re- 
 
Jgg HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 lations with foreign manufacturers. From 1855 to 1864 he 
 was associated with several different partners. 
 
 In 1864 the firm of George C. Richardson & Co. was 
 formed to carry on the dry-goods commission business. 
 The house did a very large business from the first, but 
 in 1865 took an important step in accepting the business 
 which had been carried on by A. & A. Lawrence & Co. 
 amounting to many miUions of dollars. George C. Richardson 
 & Co. thus became practically the successors of Lawrence & 
 Co. as agents for several of the great manufacturing corpora- 
 tions in Lowell and elsewhere. Mr Richardson retired from 
 the firm July 1, 1885. In 1850, he became a cUrector of the 
 Union Bank of which he was president a number of years from 
 1863. He was a trustee of the Mutual Life Insurance Com- 
 pany of New York from June, 1870 until his death, and was 
 a trustee of the Boston Provident Institution for Saving and 
 a director in various corporations. He was a member of the 
 Boston Board of Trade of which he was president from 1865 
 to 1867 and in that office by his careful study of the business 
 interests of the country and his practical suggestions, exerted 
 a large and beneficial influence in the commercial world. 
 
 He was one of the originators in 1868 of the National 
 Association of Cotton Manufacturers and Planters, a body 
 which has done valuable service in the development of the 
 cotton industry. 
 
 In 1862 he was elected Mayor of the city of Cambridge. 
 The Cambridge Chronicle of Nov. 29, 1862 had the follow- 
 ing to say of his nomination and the party which nominated 
 him: "The legal voters of Cambridge have been notified to 
 assemble on Monday next in the various wards, to give in 
 their ballots for a Mayor, Aldermen, Councilmen, and other 
 city and ward officers for the ensuing year. The party 
 first in the field call themselves the Citizens. They have 
 adopted as their motto 7io monopoly, and declaim against 
 what they denominate "monopolizing corporations." Their 
 attention is directed particularly to the question of pro- 
 viding better and cheaper railroad accommodations. 
 
 "They held their first meeting Nov. 17, and nominated 
 George C. Richardson, Esq. for Mayor. He required time 
 for consideration ami at an adjourned meeting, on Monday 
 evening last, accepted the nomination. He was subsequently 
 
SONS OF ROYALSTON 3S9 
 
 waited upon by a committee, and appeared and briefly 
 addressed those present." 
 
 At the election George C. Richardson, Esq. received 
 1313 votes out of 1317, the whole number cast. The Chronicle, 
 referring to the election said: "By the foregoing returns it 
 will be seen that the 'No Monopoly,' party have succeeded 
 by an overwhelming majority and we hope the effect will 
 be to give us better railroad accommodations in Cambridge 
 than we now have and at the lowest possible rate of fare." 
 
 This was in Civil War times and Mayor Richardson 
 closed his inaugural address as follows: "It falls to our lot 
 to assume the administration of affairs at a time of peculiar 
 trial and solicitude when our city, our State, and our 
 Nation are laboring under the burdens and suffering the 
 calamities of a war the end and issue of which are yet beyond 
 the reach of human vision. We need enlightenment and 
 sustaining strength from Him who sees the end from the 
 beginning, and who directs the affairs of mankind." 
 
 So popular was his administration that at the end of 
 the year the citizens of Cambridge without distinction of 
 party nominated him again for mayor by acclamation, but 
 he declined to serve again stating that circumstances beyond 
 his control prevented its acceptance. 
 
 Mr. Richardson was married Feb. 2, 1832, to Susan 
 Gore Moore, daughter of Abel Moore of Boston and grand- 
 daughter of Jonathan Hunnewell of Roxbury. She died 
 Nov. 18, 1845. By this marriage there were four sons. 
 Dr. Henry A. Richardson the second son, was appointed an 
 assistant surgeon in the navy, the first appointment of this 
 kind made from New England during the war of the Rebel- 
 lion. He contracted a pulmonary disease, while serving in 
 the Cambridge company, and died at home July 23, 1863. 
 Mr. Richardson's second wife was Ellen Gregory of Guilford, 
 Vt., daughter of Stephen Gregory, to whom he was married 
 in 1850. There was only one child by this marriage, Arthur 
 G. Richardson of Boston. 
 
 STEPHEN HOLMAN 
 
 Stephen Holman, son of Stephen and Hannah (Fuller) Hol- 
 man was born in Royalston, December 28, 1820. He attended 
 
^gO HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 the old Lynn Academy, and was graduated from Williams 
 College in 1840, and for a few years did considerable tutoring, 
 coaching young men for law courses especially. He taught 
 school in Fitchlnirg, Gardner, Athol and Phillipston, Mass. and 
 Winchester, N. H. and studied law. He was admitted to the 
 bar in Worcester and practised his profession for a short time 
 in Fitchburg. 
 
 He became interested in the Lyman Mills, and removed 
 to Holyoke, Mass. and engaged in the manufacture of paper. 
 In 1865 he bought out the Holyoke Paper Mills, and for the next 
 ten years he was noted as the most consistent "boomer" of 
 Holyoke as a manufacturing center. Part of his success as a 
 manufacturer came through his reduction of the business to 
 a scientific basis. He was the first to introduce a scheme of 
 accurate cost keeping. Spreading out his business interests 
 he established the Holyoke Machine Company, with factories 
 in Holyoke and Worcester, and became identified with various 
 cotton factories. He w^as an extensive shareholder in the Bell 
 Telephone Company. All through his life he followed the 
 subjects, which he studied in college, at the age of ninety took 
 pleasure in reading in German and French and gave a reading 
 in German of Schiller's plays. He was an ardent fisherman 
 and traveler, maintained a camp in Maine, and spent the 
 summer of 1912 in Europe, returning to his home only a few 
 days before his death. He was a fellow of the American Society 
 of Civil Engineers and of the National Association of Cotton 
 Manufacturers. 
 
 On April 12, 1853, he was married to Miss Henrietta A. Rich- 
 ardson of Fitchburg, who died at Worcester on March 25, 1894. 
 Their children are: Mrs. William E. Plummer of Swampscott, 
 Mass. and Charles Kichardson Holman. 
 
 Mr. Holman died after five days' illness, on October 13, 1912, 
 at the home of his daughter in Swampscott, Mass., death being 
 caused l)y angina pectoris. 
 
 LIEUT. COLONEL CHARLES CUMMINGS 
 
 Charles Cummings, the oldest of four sons of Joshua and 
 Hepsebah (Hale) Cummings, was born in Royalston, Feb. 6, 
 1821. The family removed and settled on a farm in Westmin- 
 
SONS OF ROYALSTON jp/ 
 
 ster, MaSvS. about 1835. The Rev. Henry Cummings, the 
 second son, was a prominent Congregational minister for more 
 than fifty years; Isaac Cummings was the resident physician of 
 the Panama Railroad Company, and Israel, twin brother of the 
 last named who was wounded while on picket duty during the 
 siege of Knoxville, and died there on the day of the enemy's 
 retreat, the first contribution of the family of a life for their 
 country. 
 
 Charles Cummings pursued his academical studies at West- 
 minster and subsequently commenced the study of medicine 
 with Dr. John White of that town, continuing it under 
 the care of Dr. Silas Cummings of Fitzwilliam, N. H. He 
 attended a course of lectures at Castleton, Vt. and another at 
 Woodstock, Vt. His medical diploma bears date of June 16, 
 1847, signed l\y Benjamin R. Palmer. Almost immediately 
 he began the practice of his profession at Fitzwilliam remaining 
 there three years, when he abandoned it as wholly unsuited to 
 his taste. In the summer of 1850 he removed to Brattleboro, 
 Vt., where he was employed in various ways, chiefly as an 
 accountant until 1852 when he with Charles S. Prouty published 
 the semi-weekly Eagle for one year, then during 1853 and 1854 
 he was united with B. D. Harris in conducting the Brattleboro 
 Eagle, and in February 1855 he commenced the publication of the 
 Vermont Phoenix, of which he continued proprietor until his 
 death. 
 
 His first editorial appeared Feb. 3, 1855 in which he pro- 
 nounced himself as, "independent in and not of politics, sym- 
 pathizing with the American Party; not absorbed in one idea 
 nor disposed to ride any particular hobby." 
 
 On the 27th of June, 1857 he married Miss. Elizabeth B. 
 Raynolds of Boston, a highly educated and estimable lady. 
 They had two children, a son and a daughter. 
 
 In 1855 he was chosen by the directors Clerk of the Vermont 
 State Agricultural Society in which oflace he continued until the 
 autumn of 1861. His election as Clerk of the House of Rep- 
 resentatives of Vermont at Montpelier in 1858 served to make 
 him generally known throughout the State, and his re-election 
 at three subsequent sessions show how acceptable were his 
 services in that position. In the Civil War he enlisted as a 
 private in Company E, Eleventh Vermont Regiment, and was 
 chosen First Lieutenant Aug. 14, 1862, but before the regiment 
 
392 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 left the state he was commissioned Major of the Twelfth Vermont 
 Regiment of nine months men. 
 
 He was killed in action at Poplar Grove Church Sept, 30, 
 1864. 
 
 His military record w^ill be found in the Military Chapter of 
 this book. 
 
 Says one who had the longest acquaintance with him: "I can 
 not yet realize that he is taken away, the strong staff is broken. 
 He was my companion in the family being the nearest me in 
 age; as the elder brother he was the leader. Ever impulsive, his 
 impulses were of a generous nature. Gifted with a versatile 
 genius he trained his mind antl hand to a large variety of objects, 
 and it may be said he touched nothing which he did not adorn. 
 As a journalist he probably exerted the widest influence through 
 the columns of the Brattleboro Eagle and the Vermont Phoenix 
 by selected articles of rare excellence as well as by editorials of 
 marked beauty and power." 
 
 THOMAS NORTON HART 
 
 Inscribed on the town records of Royalston is the mar- 
 riage Jan. 25, 1821 of Daniel Hart of Reading and Margaret 
 Norton of Royalston. She was a daughter of Major John 
 Norton, a Revolutionary soldier. The ancestors of Daniel 
 Hart had settled in Lynnfield, Mass. 
 
 Thomas Norton Hart, son of Daniel and Margaret (Norton). 
 Hart, was born in Reading. Jan. 20, 1829. Although not born 
 in Royalston, yet he may be claimed as a son of Royalston, 
 by his ancestry and the fact that five years of his young life 
 was spent in this town. He received a plain education such 
 as the country schools afforded, and when a lad of 13 years 
 went to Boston to earn his living. He found employment 
 with Wheelock, Pratt & Co., dry goods dealers. 
 
 Two years later in 1844 he was clerk in a hat store and 
 subsequently became partner in the firm of Philip A. Locke 
 & Co. in Dock Square. 
 
 In 1860 Mr. Locke retired from business and Mr. Hart 
 assumed control forming shortly after the well known firm of 
 Hart, Taylor & Co., which was highly successful. 
 
SONS OF ROYALSTON J9J 
 
 Mr. Hart went out of business in 1878 with a competency. 
 Soon after he was chosen president of the Mt. Vernon Na- 
 tional Bank. 
 
 He was a member of the Boston Common Council from 
 1879 to 1881 and of the Board of Alderman in 1882, '85 and 
 '86, Mayor of Boston in 1889 and 1890 and again in 1900, 
 and 1901. In 1891 he was appointed Postmaster of Boston 
 by President Harrison to succeed Gen. Corse. He has been 
 Treasurer of the American Unitarian Association, and is a 
 member of the Arlington Street Church. All his nominations 
 came to him unsought, unbought and unpledged. In politics 
 he was always a Republican, but had the support of Demo- 
 crats and Independents. 
 
 He married April 30, 1850, Miss Elizabeth Snow of Bow- 
 doin. Me. She died Nov. 16, 1906. Their daughter Abbie 
 Snow Hart, born Sept. 22, 1851, an only child, is the wife of 
 C. W. Ernst, the marriage taking place June 5, 1885. Mr. 
 Hart's home is on Commonwealth Avenue and he has a sum- 
 mer home in Swampscott. No great calamity has darkened 
 this happy home, which has been a blessing to many hearts 
 and homes, and received in return the benediction of Heaven. 
 
 While living in Royalston Mr. Hart went to the Centre 
 School and attended church, when Rev. Mr. Perkins was -the 
 minister. 
 
 GEORGE ELLIS WHITNEY 
 
 George Ellis Whitney, one of Royalston's successful sons 
 in the business world, was born at Royalston Jan. 30, 1864. 
 He is a son of George and Eliza Jane (Simpson) Whitney 
 and was educated in the public schools of Royalston and at 
 Bryant & Stratton's Commercial School in Boston. He began 
 his active career of a woolen manufacturer when eighteen 
 years of age in the woolen mill of his father at South Royal- 
 ston. He became superintendent and the business was in- 
 corporated in 1890 and on the death of his father Dec. 26, 
 1897 he succeeded to the full management of the business as 
 President and Treasurer of the Corporation. 
 
 After the destruction of the mill at South Royalston by 
 fire in 1892 the company bought a mill in Enfield, N. H., 
 
394 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 and the business was continued there until it was sold out to 
 the American Woolen Co. He then became associated with 
 that Company, having charge of the Mills at Enfield and 
 Lebanon, N. H. and Winooski, Vt., having his home at En- 
 field. Later he removed to Burlington, Vt., and has since 
 devoted his time to the Winooski Mills, where two thousand 
 hands are employed. 
 
 While in New Hampshire he was prominent in the social 
 life of the community, and was active in politics, having bean 
 a member of the New Hampshire House of Representatives 
 for the years 1897 and 1898; a member of the State Senate in 
 .1902 and again in 1904. where he was prominent among the 
 Republican members of that body. 
 
 He married Minnie Banks Rutter of Chicago, 111., Oct. 20, 
 1897. 
 
 He is a member of the Masonic fraternity, being a Knight 
 Templar, and a 32nd Degree Miison — in the Ancient Accepted 
 Scottish Rites. He is also a Life Member of the Elks. He 
 is active in the Club and Social Life of Burlington, and is 
 well known as a lover of good horses. He was formerly 
 interested in baseball, and when in Royalston had a team, 
 which was known in all this section of the country as one of 
 the Vjest amateur teams then playing, and some who have 
 become great baseball players in the gi eater League Clul)S, 
 were members of his teams. 
 
 FREDERIC C. NICHOLS 
 
 Frederic C. Nichols, younger son of Joseph Towne and 
 Martha Gale (Turner) Nichols is a well known banker. Born 
 in Fitchl)urg he grew up in Royalston and for three years 
 was a page in the Massachusetts Legislature. Since 1893 he 
 has been connected with the Fitchburg National Bank and 
 Fitchburg Savings Bank, and since 1906 has been the Treas- 
 urer and Executive of the latter institution, the oldest Bank in 
 Fitchburg with resources of about eight million dollars. He 
 has been a member of the Fitchburg City Government; is a 
 Director and member of the Executive Committee of the 
 Fitchljurg Bank & Trust Company; Director of the Fitchburg 
 Mutual Fire Insurance Company and has also served as Presi- 
 
FREDERICK C. NICHOLS 
 
 LEONARD NICHOLS 
 
 GEORGE E. WHITNEY 
 
 ROBERT W. ADAMS 
 
SONS OF ROYALSTON J95 
 
 dent of the Fitchburg Board of Trade & Merchants Associa- 
 tion. He is a Director or Trustee of sundry charitable 
 organizations of his native city. In banking circles he is well 
 known, having been two years President of the Savings Bank 
 Officials Club and three years Treasurer of the Massachusetts 
 Bankers Association. No son of Royalston loves the town 
 more than "Fred" Nichols and his interest in the town and 
 the welfare of its citizens is constantly manifested. 
 
 He officiated as toastmaster at the 150th Anniversary 
 celebration, and performed the duties of that position in a 
 most graceful and efficient manner, his apt remarks being right 
 to the point. 
 
 He married Oct. 5, 1899 Ethel Holmes, daughter of Cap- 
 tain Augustus and Hannah M. (Perry) Holmes, in Plainfield, 
 New Jersey. They have one daughter, Anna Holmes Nichols 
 born in Fitchburg Oct. 24, 1905. 
 
 LEONARD NICHOLS 
 
 Leonard Nichols, eldest son of Joseph T. and Martha (Turner) 
 Nichols, was born in Royalston, April 17, 1869. He was educated 
 at District No. 1, in Royalston and the Fitchburg High School. 
 He was in Bo.ston from 1885 to 1892 in a wholesale furniture 
 store, and went to Providence, R. I. in 1892 where he became 
 connected with the Providence Journal. In 1894 he was ap- 
 pointed Deputy United States Shipping Commissioner of the 
 Port of Providerce. In this position his work was so eminently 
 satisfactory to Secretary Nagel of the Department of Commerce 
 and Labor, and his general record so excellent, that upon the 
 retirement of Shipping Commissioner Freeman, Mr, Nichols 
 was appointed as United States Shipping Commissioner of the 
 Port of Providence, a high Federal office which is closely identi- 
 fied with the American merchant marine. Mr. Nichols is a 
 frequent visitor to his old home in Royalston, and claims no 
 special distinction, save that he owns the only six acres of good 
 land in Royalston which is entirely free o" rocks and stones. 
 
 ROBERT WINTHROP ADAMS 
 
 Robert Winthrop Adams was born in Royalston, Mass., Oct. 
 27, 1881, son of Dr. Francis Wayland and Fannie Russell 
 
?9d HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 (Chase) Adams. He attended the public schools of Royalston 
 and Cushing Academy, Ashburnham, Mass., from which he was 
 graduated in 1900. In 1904 he was graduated from the Worces- 
 ter Polytechnic Institute with the degree of Bachelor of Science. 
 
 After graduation he entered the employ of the B. F. Sturtevant 
 Company, Hyde Park, Mass., as assistant in the electrical 
 department, which position he left in 1905 to become Electrical 
 Engineer for the D. & W. Fuse Company, Providence, R. I., 
 where he was employed for three years, during which time he was 
 engaged principally in research and development work relating to 
 enclosed fuses, in recognition of which he was in 1908 awarded the 
 advanced degree of Electrical Engineer by the Worcester Poly- 
 technic Institute. 
 
 In 1908 Mr. Adams joined the Engineering Department of 
 the General Electric Company at Pittsfield, Mass., from which 
 he was transferred in 1910 to the sales office of the same concern 
 at Boston, Mass. In 1913 he was appointed manager of the 
 Providence office of the General Electric Company, in which 
 position he is in immediate charge of the interests of the company 
 in Rhode Island and eastern Connecticut. 
 
 In 1906 he married Miss Pauline Whitney, daughter of 
 Alfred H. and Susie (Davis) Whitney of Ashburnham. They 
 have one child, Winthrop Whitney Adams, born Jan. 27, 1909, 
 at Pittsfield, Mass. 
 
 He is the author and pubUsher of the Transmission Line 
 Calculator, a device for the rapid calculation of electrical prob- 
 lems. He is a member of the American Institute of Electrical 
 Engineers, National Electric Light Association, New England 
 Street Railway Club, Kappa Xi Alpha Fraternity and various 
 Masonic Orders. 
 
 EDWIN AUGUSTUS FISHER 
 
 Edwin Augustus Fisher, eldest child of Horace and Lucy 
 Jane Fisher, was born at Royalston, July 17, 1847. Attended the 
 public schools of the town and a Select School at Royalston 
 Center. He also attended New Salem Academy and Powers 
 Institute, Bernardston, Mass., and graduated from the West- 
 field, Mass., State Normal School in 1870. Taught school in 
 
SONS OF ROYAI^STON J97 
 
 Royalston Center in 1868-9, and the graded school at Orange, 
 Mass., in the fall and winter of 1870 and 1871. 
 
 Early in 1871 he was employed on the construction of the 
 Holyoke and Westfield R. R. under Lewis F. Root, Chief Engi- 
 neer, first as rodman, and during the same year was promoted to 
 Division Engineer. Was engaged in railroad surveys, location 
 and construction from 1871 to 1873, in 1873 made surveys, 
 plans and estimates for a system of street grades, sewers and 
 water works for the town of Westfield, and in 1874 and 1875 was 
 engineer in charge of the construction of the water works. 
 From 1878 to 1881 was engaged in water works and railroad 
 engineering in Western Massachusetts, and in 1881 located a 
 portion of the proposed Boston, Hoosac Tunnel and Western 
 R. R. from a point east of Little Falls to west of Utica, N. Y. 
 From 1881 to 1889 was Engineer in the construction of railroads 
 in New York State, and from September, 1889 to June, 1893, 
 Superintendent of the Pittsburg Division of the Western New 
 York & Pennsylvania R. R., with office in Oil City, Pa. From 
 June, 1893 to June, 1896 was principal assistant Engineer in 
 charge of the construction of an additional water supply for the 
 city of Rochester, N. Y., and in June, 1896 was appointed City 
 Engineer of Rochester, and has held the position to the present 
 time. Since its creation in 1901 he has been a member and 
 secretary of the Public Market Commission. He is a member 
 of the American Society of Civil Engineers, the American 
 Water Works Association, the New England Water Works 
 Association, member and Past President of the American Society 
 of Municipal Improvements, member and Past President of the 
 Rochester Engineering Society, member of the Rochester 
 Chamber of Commerce and member of Cyrene Commandery, 
 Knight Templars. 
 
 On the 17th of February, 1875, Mr. Fisher married Miss 
 Ellen F. Brakenridge of Ware, Mass., and they have six children, 
 all living in Rochester, — Lewis Gates, a civil engineer; Julia 
 Kendall, now the wife of Rev. Arthur Clements; Florence May, 
 married Robert A. Copeland; Edwin Horace, a graduate of 
 Cornell University; William Brackenridge and Fanny Bradford. 
 
 ARTHUR A. UPHAM 
 
 Arthur A. Upham, son of Benjamin W. and Phebe (Tenney) 
 Upham, was born in Royalston Oct. 1, 1853. He graduated 
 
^gg HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 from the Westfield Normal School in 1880, after which he 
 taught eight years in the Hitchcock Free High School, Brimfiekl, 
 ]\Iass., four years as Principal. In 1888 he became teacher of 
 Science in the Whitewater, Wisconsin State Normal School, 
 which position he still occupies. 
 
 He has been a member of the State Board of Examiners, and 
 has been Mayor of Whitewater. Is a member of the Modern 
 Woodmen of America and is Past Master of St. John's Lodge No. 
 57 F. & A. M. He is the author of three books, ''Fifty Lessons 
 in Wood Working" — "Frank and Kate: How they found out" 
 and "An Introduction to Agriculture." 
 
 He married Mary F. Woods Aug. 19, 1880, who was born 
 July 2, 1857. They have two daughters, Emily Woods, born 
 July 22, 1881, married Edward F. Dithmar, Feb. 5, 1910, lives in 
 Baraboo, Wis., the second daughter, Ethel Tenney was born 
 May 20, 1885. 
 
 JOHN V. HAZEN 
 
 John Vose Hazen, son of Rev. Norman Hazen, pastor of the 
 Royalston Congregational Church from 1847 to 1852, was born 
 in Royalston, Nov. 22, 1850. Soon after the death of his father 
 in 1852 he went with his mother to her old home in Atkinson, 
 N. H., and in the Academy in that place received his preparatory 
 education. In the fall of 1872 he entered what was then the 
 Scientific Department of Dartmouth College, graduating there- 
 from in the spring of 1875 with the degree of B.S. The next fall 
 he entered the Thayer School of Civil Engineering also connected 
 with the college and graduated from the latter in the spring 
 of 1876, receiving the degree of C.E. In the fall of 1876 he 
 was employed as a rodman on the Manchester and Keene, R. R. 
 In about three months the road suspended operations and he 
 returned home. Later in that year he went back to the same 
 locality as rodman and became principal of the Hancock, N. H., 
 High School. In 1877 he was employed as draughtsman on 
 bridge design work. In the fall of that year he was offered and 
 accepted the position of principal of Atkinson Academy in his 
 old home town. In the fall of 1878 he was offered the position 
 of Tutor of Mathematics in the Scientific Department of Dart- 
 mouth College, which he accepted, and has filled various positions 
 
SONS OF ROYALSTON J99 
 
 in the college to the present time. The positions that he has held 
 in that institution are as follows: from 1878 to 1880 Tutor of 
 Mathematics, 1880 to 1893 Professor of Theoretical and Applied 
 Mechanics, 1893 to the present time Woodman Professor of Civil 
 Engineering and Graphics in Dartmouth College and Associate 
 Professor of Civil Engineering in the Thayer School of Civil 
 Engineering. He has done considerable work on water power 
 and railroad surveys in Vermont and New Hampshire, and has 
 been employed many times as an expert on court cases. From 
 1900 to 1910 he was chairman of the Commissioners of the 
 Village Precinct of Hanover and as such had special charge of the 
 re-construction of the streets and sewers of the village and also 
 acted as health officer. He is a member of the American Society 
 of Civil Engineers, and for the last fifteen years has been a 
 member of the Board of Education of Hanover. He was 
 married to Harriet Augusta Hurlbutt July 20, 1881. They have 
 four children: Ethel Augusta, born Dec. 11, 1882; Fanny Vose 
 born April 1, 1887; John Norman, born Jan. 14, 1894 and Ed- 
 ward Elihu, born March 14, 1896. The oldest daughter gradu- 
 ated from Smith College in 1904 and married Walter Huston 
 Lillard, a teacher in Phillips Academy, Andover, Mass. The 
 second daughter graduated from Smith College in 1910. The 
 sons are in college and school. 
 
 JOHN B. BOWKER 
 
 John B. Bowker, son of Charles Watson and Nancy (Sibley) 
 Bowker, was born in Royalston, Mar. 12, 1865. He received 
 his education in the schools of Royalston and Worcester. 
 He engaged in farming, and was elected Secretary and Treas- 
 urer of the Worcester Agricultural Society in Nov. 1892, 
 which position he held until he resigned after being elected 
 City Auditor of Worcester June 6, 1898. He resigned as 
 auditor March, 1905 to become Business Manager of the 
 Worcester Telegram, which position he now holds. 
 
 He has been actively interested in various agricultural 
 organizations, was secretary and treasurer of the Central 
 Mass, Poultry Association for two years, 1901 and 1902, Sec- 
 retary of Worcester Central Pomona Grange in 1903, and 
 secretary of the New England Milk Producers Union, 1897 
 
4-00 HISTORY OF ROY ALSTON 
 
 and 1898 when its membership went from three hundred to 
 thirty-six hundred. 
 
 He married Martha A. Thayer of Worcester and they 
 have two children, Marion T. Bowker and Harold S. Bowker. 
 
 JENNER E. MORSE 
 
 Jenner E. Morse, son of Russell Morse, Jr., was born at 
 Royalston, Nov. 29, 1859, and continued to live in this town 
 until after the death of his mother, when he went to St. Johns- 
 bury, Vt., and entered St. Johnsbury Academy for the purpose 
 of fitting himself to enter Dartmouth College ; but after grad- 
 uating from the Academy he changed his plans and instead of 
 entering college, went to Westboro, Mass., and entered a law 
 office, where he remained about a year and a half, when he 
 went to the University of Michigan at Ann Arbor and entered 
 the law department. The following Spring he was admitted to 
 the bar by the Supreme Court of Michigan. Later the same 
 Spring, after the Spring Semester, he returned to Westboro and 
 continued his law reading during the summer vacation, return- 
 ing to Ann Arbor upon the opening of the University in the 
 Fall, where he continued his studies and graduated in the class 
 of 1883, with the degree of B. L. After graduating he went to 
 Saginaw, Mich., where he has since continued to reside and 
 practice his profession. 
 
 He has been active in politics and public affairs. Has been 
 a member of the School Board of that city several times and 
 was twice elected Circuit Court Commissioner of Saginaw 
 County. In 1908, he received the nomination for Congress in 
 the Eighth Congressional District of Michigan, but was de- 
 feated at the polls. He was President of the Michigan Bee- 
 keepers Association for two years, is a member of the Saginaw 
 Board of Trade, which was one of the first associations instru- 
 mental in bringing about the present United States Chamber of 
 Commerce, and is also a member of the Saginaw County Bar 
 Association and of several lodges and clubs. He has never 
 married. 
 
CHAPTER XVI 
 ROYALSTON'S SOLDIER RECORD 
 
 Compiled a/id written by F/rd IV- Cross 
 
 OUR SOLDIER STOCK 
 
 One can hardly approach the duty of recording the miH- 
 tary history of a town Hke Royalston without being deeply 
 impressed with the sanctity of the task. That this small 
 town should have furnished nearly 100 men in the War for 
 Independence, a whole company for the defence of our coast 
 in the second war with Great Britain, and 138 soldiers in the 
 great struggle that kept the Union whole is sufficient evidence 
 of the patriotic spirit which has ever characterized its citizens. 
 Moreover, it must be remembered that when the Revolution 
 broke cut the tcwn's population was small, that the town had 
 been settled only thirteen years and incorporated less than 
 ten. But among its earliest settlers were men of sterling 
 stock. 
 
 John Fry from Sutton, Mass., who settled on Fry Hill 
 where his great grandson Benj. A. Fry now resides, had been 
 an officer in the French Wars, In 1745, twenty years before 
 he came to Royalston, he served as first lieutenant in King 
 George's War, taking part in the expedition which reduced the 
 French fortress of Louisburg on Cape Breton Island and brought 
 it under the English flag. Ten years later, in 1755, he held 
 a royal commission as captain and took part in Sir William 
 Johnson's expedition against Crown Point, which ended in 
 September of that year, in the so-called "Bloody Morning 
 Scout" and the Battle of Lake George. 
 
 Captain Peter Woodbury, who also came from Sutton 
 and settled where Emery Holden now resides, sprung from 
 military ancestry, and his later ability as a soldier is psroven 
 by the fact that he was honored by being successively given 
 the command of three separate companies in the War for In- 
 dependence. 
 
 Captain Jonathan Sibley, who settled on Gale Hill, also 
 came of soldier stock, his father, Ensign Jonathan Sibley, 
 
402 HISTORY OF KOYALSTOK 
 
 being a member of one of the strongest and most prolific Suttorr 
 families, as is shown by the vital records of that town. 
 
 THE REVOLUTIONARY PERIOD 
 
 Royalston's mihtary histoiy as a town dates from the 
 beginning of the War for Independence. It is unnecessary 
 to here recount the causes and events which led to that conflict. 
 Sufficient is it to say, that by the autumn of 1774, the people 
 of the Massachusetts Bay Colony had become so exasperated 
 by the recent acts of Parliament, especially the so-called Reg- 
 ulating Act which virtually annulled their charter and ma- 
 terially altered the government of the colony, that they stood 
 ready for open and armed resistance. In defiance of the royal 
 governor's order proroguing the General Court, which had 
 been summoned to meet at Salem in October, about 90 rep- 
 resentatives did meet and resolved themselves into a Pro- 
 vincial Congress, choosing John Hancock as chainnan. The}^ 
 then adjourned to Concord, where they would be safer from 
 the governor's interference. Among the members of this first 
 Provincial Congress of the Bay Colony was * Henry Bond of 
 Royalston, who resided on wdiat was later known as the William 
 Eddy place, the house originally standing on an old road run- 
 ning southeast from Joseph Chase's and near the line of the 
 present steel towers of the Connecticut River Transmission 
 Company. 
 
 The Congress of which Henry Bond was a member sat 
 from October until December, 1774. It appointed a com- 
 mittee consisting of sixteen persons with Joseph Warren as 
 chairman "to take into consideration the state of the Prov- 
 ince," and to supervise th(^ duty of collecting mihtary stores. 
 They also directed that the taxes levied by the last General 
 Court should not be paid to the Treasurer of the Province 
 l)ut to Receivers authorized by the several towns and districts. 
 
 On February 1, 1775, a second Provincial Congress as- 
 semlded at Camljridge, later holding adjourned sessions at 
 Concord and Watertown. As her representative to this body, 
 
 *Henry Bond was later a iiifinber of Lieut. Jonathan Sibley's detachment and marched 
 to Bennington on the August alarm, 1777, 
 
THE REVDLLTTIONARY PERIOD 403 
 
 Eoyalston sent \ 'Nullum (rreew, whose home was on the old 
 road in the valley west of the late John W. Stockwell's. This 
 Congress established a permanent committee of safety with 
 large military powers, provided for a complete organization 
 of the militia, emljodied a force of minute men comprising one- 
 fourth of the military strength of the colony, appointed three 
 veterans of the French Wars, Jedediah Preble, Artemas Ward, 
 and Seth Pomeroy, to chief command, and resolved on the 
 purchase of military stores to the amount of upwards of twenty 
 thousand pounds. This body dissolved the 29th of May, 
 having continued its deliberations nearly four months. Mr. 
 Green survived its final adjournment exactly two months, 
 <lying at his Royalston home of smallpox, July 29. 
 
 A year after the war opened a local committee of safety 
 Avas established in Royalston and continued and maintained 
 until the close of the Revolution. In 1778, £^^ were raised 
 for bounties, and the selectmen were charged with the duty of 
 collecting arms and ammunition for the soldiers. In 1779, 
 £42 were voted to every citizen who was in the service two 
 years before. In 1780, further large sums were raised to pur- 
 chase food and clothing for the army. Finally in 1781, when 
 the Continental currency had become almost worthless the 
 town raised £1000 in Spanish milled dollars with which to hire 
 .soldiers, and promised to each of her citizens who should be 
 in the service at the end of three years "ten cows, heifers three 
 years old with calf or with calves by their sides." These acts 
 bespeak the patriotic spirit of the town as a whole. 
 
 But we are interested chiefly in the town's individual soldiers 
 and in the length and character of their service. In exam- 
 ining the records of Revolutionary soldiers one is naturally 
 surprised at the briefness of the terms of service of many of 
 
 fAccording to local tradition Nahum CJreen went from the second Provincial Congress 
 into the Continental Army assembled at Cambridge. Here he is said to have contracted 
 the smallpox of which he died in the midsummer of 1775 at his home in Royalston. His 
 grave is located in the pasture or sprout land north of the old road and a short half mile north- 
 west of the home where he died, and is marked by a substantial granite monument. But as 
 to the manner in which he contracted the fatal disease the traditions differ. One story com- 
 monly reported was that the disease first appeared at the Dye. place a mile or more south of 
 Green's, and that it was brought to him by a big, shaggy dog that had been fondled by the 
 convalescents at the Dyer place, and used to travel frequently from one farm to the other. 
 Every citizen of Royalston would be glad to know for a certainty that the military traditions 
 concerning Mr. Cireen were true, but no record of his name or military service can be found 
 among the Massachusetts archives. 
 
40-1- 
 
 H I STORY OF ROY ALSTON 
 
 them, but this is accounted for by the fact that many belonged 
 to local militia companies and were only called out in times of 
 especial danger. We find many such from our own town who 
 served only from 7 to 40 days as was the case with those who 
 marched to Cambridge in response to the Lexington alarm. 
 Others served 10 days, notably those who marched to Benning- 
 ton to reinforce General Stark. Not infrequently we find 
 a man credited with several such short terms of service which 
 in the aggregate make up cjuite a military record. 
 
 The first organized body of troops that ever left Royalston 
 for service in war was the company of minute men commanded 
 by Capt. Jonas Allen which marched on the alarm of April 
 19, 1775. Captain Allen at the outbreak of hostiUties resided 
 with his father on the place now occupied by the widow and 
 children of the late Joseph F. Stockwell, ajjout a mile east of 
 the Common on the road to Winchendon. The name, rank, 
 and length of service of each of the twenty-four men who consti- 
 tuted Captain Allen's company is given below. They formed 
 a part of the regiment of Col.'Ephraim Doolittle. 
 
 Names 
 
 Rank 
 
 Service 
 
 Jonas Allen 
 
 Captain 
 
 1 mo. 4 days 
 
 Daniel Pike 
 
 Lieutenant 
 
 1 mo. 11 " 
 
 -Abiel Richardson 
 
 Sergeant 
 
 1 " \ " 
 
 James Works 
 
 (( 
 
 123^" 
 
 Isaac Nichols 
 
 ; i. 
 
 7 " 
 
 William Dike 
 
 u 
 
 7 " 
 
 Thomas Chaml^erlain 
 
 Corporal 
 
 103^" 
 
 Abijah Clarke 
 
 1 i 
 
 101^" 
 
 Bezaleel Barton, Jr. 
 
 Private 
 
 7 " 
 
 Ebenezer Fry 
 
 a 
 
 223^- 
 
 Josiah Goodale 
 
 ii 
 
 7 " 
 
 Uzziah Green 
 
 a 
 
 7 " 
 
 James Haven 
 
 11 
 
 103^'' 
 
 Joshua Hemmingway 
 
 (I 
 
 7 " 
 
 Thomas Hemmingway 
 
 a 
 
 19 3/2" 
 
 Jonathan Hutchinson 
 
 (I 
 
 103^'' 
 
 Jonathan Jacoljs 
 
 It 
 
 7 " 
 
 John Kendall 
 
 ii 
 
 7 " 
 
 Jesse Manley 
 
 ti 
 
 123^" 
 
 Daniel Moody 
 
 (C 
 
 123^" 
 
 Abijah Richardson 
 
 u 
 
 22H" 
 
 Joseph Wait 
 
 K 
 
 7 " 
 
 Nathan Wheeler, Jr. 
 
 ii 
 
 7 " 
 
 Peter Woodbury, 2nd 
 
 ii 
 
 7 " 
 
THE REVOLUTIONARY PERIOD 
 
 405 
 
 After the excitement following the Lexington alarm had 
 subsided about one-half of Captain Allen's company returned 
 to their homes. Thirteen men, however, enlisted in Capt. 
 Abel Wilder's company of Col. Ephraim Doolittle's regiment, 
 Captain Allen himself being one of their number. In Captain 
 Wilder's company he was given the rank of lieutenant. These 
 saw service during the siege of Boston. In all we find on 
 record, the names of twenty-one men from Royalston who 
 served in the American Army during this siege. The alpha- 
 l^etical list giving rank, company, and regiment is here inserted. 
 Those who enlisted from Captain Allen's company are marked 
 with an asterisk (*). 
 
 Name 
 
 *Lieut. Jonas Allen 
 Bezaleal Barton 
 
 *Bszaleal Barton, Jr. 
 Jonathan Barton 
 Ssrgt. Thomas B3el 
 Carp. William Clemsnt 
 
 *Sergt. ^^'ilham Dike 
 
 *Josiah Goodale 
 Irijah Green 
 
 *Uzziah Green 
 
 *Joshua Hemmingway 
 
 *Jonathan Jacobs 
 
 *John Kendall 
 
 *Sergt. Isaac Nichols 
 John Norton 
 
 *Ens. Daniel Pike 
 
 *Joseph Waite 
 Amos Wh33ler, 3d 
 Ens. Nathan Wheeler 
 
 *Corp. Nathan Wheeler, Jr 
 
 *Peter Wood])urv, 2d 
 
 Company Regiment 
 
 Capt. Abel Wilder's Col. Ephraim Doolittle's 
 
 Capt. Gleason's Col. John Nixon's 
 
 Capt. Jona. Holman's Col. Ejihraim Doolittle's 
 Capt. Abel Wilder's 
 
 Capt. Winship's 
 Capt. Jos. Butler's 
 Capt. Abel Wilder's 
 
 Lt.-Col. Tho5. Nixia's 
 
 Col. John Nixon's 
 
 Col. Ephraim Doolittle's 
 
 The records tell us that 300 men or about 90 per cent tf 
 Col. Do'olittle's regiment commanded by Maj. Willard Moore 
 of Paxton, Col. Doolittle himself being absent, were present 
 at the battle of Bunker Hill. As Maj. Moore was himself 
 mortally wounded we may well believe that the regiment was 
 hotly engaged and that a number of Royalston men had a 
 part in that memorable conflict. Two weeks after this engage- 
 ment Gen. George Washington arrived and assumed command 
 of the besieging army. He immediately organized it into 
 
406 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 three grand divisions or wings, each wing consisting of two 
 brigades of about six regiments each. The right wing was com- 
 manded by Maj.-Gen. Artemas Ward and was stationed at 
 Roxbury; the centre under Maj.-Gen. Israel Putnam lay at 
 Cambridge; while the left under the command of Maj.-Gen. 
 Charles Lee occupied Prospect and Winter Hills within the 
 present limits of the city of Somerville. It was to the left 
 wing that Col. Doolittle's regiment was assigned, forming 
 a part of the brigade of Gen. Sullivan. This l^-igade was posted 
 on Winter Hill. 
 
 Here we may believe that during the summer and fall of 
 1775, our Royalston soldiers were kept busy with the musket 
 and the spade. Collisions were of frequent occurrence along 
 the picket lines, and the fortification of Winter Hill was being 
 pushed with great vigor. To Gen. Sullivan's command in the 
 latter part of August was assigned an especially hazardous 
 and important duty, that of seizing and fortifying Ploughed 
 Hill, later known as Mt. Benedict, which was situated a half 
 mile east of Winter Hill, close to Charlestown Neck and within 
 easy cannon shot of Bunker Hill. These facts enable us to 
 determine with a considerable degree of certainty where our 
 Royalston soldiers served during the first eventful year of the 
 War for Independence. 
 
 In the summer of 1915, when the writer visited this sec- 
 tion a very small fragment of the American works on Winter 
 Hill was still discernible, and the house used as a headquarters 
 by Gen. Lee is still standing in well preserved condition near 
 the south easterly base of the hill on Sycamore St. Ploughed 
 Hill has been almost entirely removed and the spot where 
 it stood is being rapidly built up as a residential section. 
 
 In the siege of Boston there is positive record of only one 
 Royalston soldier who lost his life. Bezaleal Barton, who 
 enhsted on the 26th of April, 1775 in Capt. Wilder 's company 
 of Col. Doolittle's regiment is reported as having died July 
 12, whether from wounds or disease we are left uninformed. 
 He was a farm.er and miller residing on the farm later owned 
 by Col. Willard Newton a short half mile north west of Phineas 
 Newton's and having a grist mill on Lawrence Brook in the 
 valley west of his house. 
 
 In August, 1777, another organized body of men left Royal- 
 fton in response to the Bennington alarm. They formed 
 
THE REVOLUTIONARY PERIOD 407 
 
 what was known as Lieut. Jonathan Sibley's detachment 
 of Col. Nathan Sparhawk's regiment, and their term of service 
 was 10 days including 5 days (105 miles) travel home. As 
 they did not leave town until August 21st, while the battle of 
 Bennington had been fought on the 16th resulting in the cap- 
 ture or destruction of almost the entire Hessian force, our 
 Royalston soldiers arrived too late to be of any positive service. 
 A complete list of the men composing this detachment is given 
 lielo w : 
 
 Lieut. Jonathan Sibley Priv. Ebenezer Elliot 
 
 " Francis Chase " Josiah Goodale 
 
 Sergt. Henry Bond " Henry Poor 
 
 " David Bullock " Abijah Richardson 
 
 Corp. Joseph Waite '' Thaddeus Stockwell 
 
 " Ebenezer Fry " James Thomson 
 
 Priv. Thomas Beel '' Jonas Thomson 
 
 " Bezaleal Barton, Jr. " Lenox Titus 
 
 " Jonas Brewer " John Whitmore 
 
 Although not called upon to face the bullets of the enemy, 
 the sufferings of these men in their long and toilsome march 
 under a scorching August sun can only be imagined. Re- 
 turning on the last day of the month, they had in ten days 
 marched a total of 210 miles, an average of 21 miles a day. 
 
 Li 1781, Lieutenant Sibley as a captain, commanded a com- 
 pany in Col. Luke Drury's regiment during the closing months 
 of the war. 
 
 Perhaps the most important militia company that existed 
 in this town during the Revolutionary period was Capt. 
 Peter Woodbury's 9th (Royalston) company of Col. Nathan 
 Sparhawk's 7th (Worcester County) regiment. Peter Wood- 
 bury was commissioned captain of this company April 5, 1776, 
 but there is no list or roll of its members in the archives of 
 the State. In searching the records of individual soldiers we 
 have found the names of ten men who were enlisted from this 
 company into the regular Continental Army in 1777 or 1778. 
 Most of them were assigned to Capt. Adam Wheeler's com- 
 pany of Col. Thomas Nixon's regiment, and seven enlisted 
 for three years or during the war. Their names are as follows : 
 
^Qg HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 jSfame Company Regiment Term 
 
 Jonathan Barton Capt. A.lam Wheeler's CoL Thos. Nixon's, 3 yrs- 
 
 David Copland 
 
 Silas Cutting << u . .,0 
 
 Irijah Green, 1st "^ ''_ ''_ ''^ ''_ ^^ ^ yrs. 
 
 8eraiah Green 
 
 John Jacobs During 
 
 Jonathan Jacobs _ __ __ ^^ the war 
 
 John Moody '' '' '' '' '' '' ^ y[^- 
 
 Benajah Woodbury ',' " " '^'^ '^_ ^^ ^^ 
 
 Isaac Nichols . Cojit. Jabez Lane's 
 
 Messrs. Cutting and Nichols died in the service of their 
 
 country. 
 
 John Norton and Stephen Richardson also enlisted from 
 Captain Woodbury's company of Royalston militia into the 
 Continental Army, May 19, 1778, each to serve nine months, 
 but their company and regiment in the regular service is not 
 
 given. 
 
 In Captain Wheeler's company of Colonel Nixon's regiment, 
 we find also the names of Ames Wheeler, 1st, a private, Nathan 
 Wheeler, Jr., a corporal, and Nathan Wheeler (Sr.), a lieu- 
 tenant, all of whom came from Royalston and each of whom 
 h ad a long and honorable record as a soldier, but we cannot 
 find that they were ever members of Captain Woodbury's 
 company. * 
 
 It may readily be surmised that there was some connection 
 between Captain W^oodbury's company and Lieutenant Sib- 
 ley's detachment that marched to Bennington; first, because 
 both belonged to Col. Nathan Sparkhawk's regiment, second, 
 because Jonathan Sibley and Francis Chase were originally 
 commissioned first and second lieutenants respectively in 
 Captain Woodbury's Royalston company and on the same day 
 on which he received his own commission, April 5, 1776. The 
 very fact of Lieutenant Sibley's having led the detachment 
 to Bennington may be explained on the ground of the cap- 
 tain's absence, for on July 28, 1777, Captain Woodbury had 
 himself started for Bennington in temporary command of 
 the Petersham company of Col. Job Cushing's regiment. 
 
 Accompanying Captain Woodbury on this expedition 
 were three other Royalston men; Aaron Bliss, Hugh Bullock, 
 and Peter Woodbury, 2nd. As the Petersham company marched 
 nineteen days before the engagement at Bennington, it may 
 
THE REVOLUTIONARY PERIOD 409 
 
 be believed that these men had a part in the stirring events 
 of that glorious 16th of August. 
 
 The year following the battle of Bennington, Captain 
 Woodbury commanded a company in Col. Jacob Gerrish's 
 regiment of guards, serving from July to November, 1778. 
 This is often referred to as the Lancaster company. 
 
 Eight Royalston men: Ezra Barton, John Davis, Jr., Nath- 
 aniel Jacobs, John Norton, Benjamin Perry, Eliphalet Rich- 
 ardson, John Stockwell, and Jonathan Woodbury are known 
 to have enlisted in Colonel Grout's regiment early in July, 
 1779, most of them to serve nine months, though Stockwell 
 enrolled for three years. Seven, including two of the above, 
 served three months during the summer and early fall of 1780 
 in Capt. Ephraim Steam's company of Col. John Rand's regi- 
 ment. These were Benjamin Barton, Obadiah Beale, David 
 Copland, Squier Davis, Nathaniel Jacobs, Corp. Eliphalet 
 Richardson and Joel Stockwell. 
 
 Five served in the colonel's company of Col. Thos. Nixon's 
 (Cth) Eegiment iii 1779 and '80, viz. Jonathan Barton, Irijah 
 Green, 1st, Irijah Green, 2nd, William Richardson and Amos 
 Wheeler 1st. 
 
 The service of the rest of Royalston's soldiers was more 
 scattered and the place and length of that service can best be 
 determined by consulting the alphabetical lists of Massa- 
 chusetts soldiers and sailors published by the State in seventeen 
 large volumes and donated to every public library in the Com- 
 monwealth. A fullset is on the shelves of the Phineas S. New- 
 ton Public Library. 
 
 Mcst of cur soldiers had honorable records. Several, not- 
 ably Jonathan Barton, Obadiah Beale, Jonathan Gale, Irijah 
 Green 1st, Seraiah Green, Jonathan Jacobs, John Moody, 
 lieut. Iseac Nickels, John Nichols, John Norton, Joshua Peck, 
 Benjamin Ferry, John Stockwell, Lieut. Nathan W^heeler, 
 Nathan Wheeler, Jr., Benajah Woodbury, Jonathan W^oodbury, 
 and Capt. Peter Woodbury, saw long and arduous service. 
 
 Below will be found an alphabetical list of Royalston's 
 soldiers in the W^ar for Inc.epenc'.ence. It is not assumed that 
 the list is complete, but it represents much painstaking effort 
 and is at least some improvement on those which have here- 
 tofore existed. 
 
410 
 
 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 The author has here included the name of Nahura Green 
 not being wilHng to do any possible injustice to a brave and 
 patriotic man, though there is no positive record of his mili- 
 tary service. 
 
 The rank attached to names in this list is that which the 
 individual actually held in the Revolutionaiy army, and none 
 lower than that of lieutenant is given. 
 
 Lieut. Jonas Allen 
 Timothy Armstrong- 
 Benjamin Barton 
 Bezaleal Barton. D. 
 Bezaleal Barton, Jr. 
 Ezra Barton 
 Jonathan Barton 
 Peter Barton 
 Samuel Barton 
 Obadiah Beale 
 Thomas Beel 
 Aaron Bliss 
 Henry Bond 
 Jonas Brewer 
 David Bullock 
 Hugh Bullock 
 Ebenezer Burbank 
 Thomas Chamljerlain 
 Lieut. Francis Chase 
 Rogers Chase 
 Silas Chase 
 Abijah Clarke 
 WiUiam Clement 
 David Copland 
 Ebenezer Cutler 
 Silas Cutting. D. 
 John Davis, Jr. 
 Squier Davis 
 Sylvester Davis 
 WiUiam Dike 
 Ebenezer Elliot 
 Jabez Fisher 
 Ebenezer Frv 
 
 Jonathan Gale 
 Peter Gale 
 Josiah Goodall 
 Irijah Green, 1st. 
 Irijah Green, 2nd. 
 Nahum Green 
 Seraiah Green 
 LTzziah Green 
 James Haven 
 Joshua Hemmingway 
 Thomas Hemmingway 
 Jonathan Hutchinson. 
 John Jacobs 
 Jonathan Jacobs 
 Nathan Jacobs 
 Nathaniel Jacobs 
 John Kendall 
 Lemuel Lewis 
 William Lews 
 Jesse Manley 
 Daniel Moody 
 John Moody 
 Lieut. Isaac Nichols. 
 Isaac Nichols, Jr. D. 
 John Nichols 
 John Morton 
 Hiram Peck 
 Joshua Peck 
 Benjamin Perry 
 Charles Pierce 
 Lieut. Daniel Pike 
 Henry Poor 
 Abiel Richardson 
 
 D. 
 
THE liEVOIAITIONARY PERIOD 
 
 411 
 
 Abijah Richardson 
 Eliphalct Richardson 
 Stephen Richardson 
 William Ricliardson 
 'Capt. Jonathan Sibfey 
 Joel Stockwell 
 John Stockwell 
 Levi Stockwell 
 Thaddeus Stockwill 
 James Thomson 
 Jonas Thomson 
 Lenox Titus 
 Joseph Waite 
 Nathaniel Waite 
 Moses Walker, 1st 
 
 D. Died in the service, 
 d. Became deranged. 
 
 Moses Walker, 2nd 
 Amos Wheeler, 1st 
 Amos Wheeler, 2nd 
 Amos Wheeler, 3rd 
 Lieut. Nathan Wheeler, 
 Nathan Wheeler, Jr. 
 John Whit more 
 John Whitmore, Jr. 
 Benajah Woodbury 
 Jonathan Woodbury 
 Lot Woodbury 
 Capt. Peter Woodl)ury 
 Peter Woodbury, 2nd 
 James Work 
 
 Many Revolutionary soldiers fornxrly supposed to have 
 served on Royalston's quota really moved into town after their 
 army service was completed. A list of twenty-five of the l^est 
 known of these together with the names of the towns from 
 Avhich they are supposed to have come is here given. 
 
 The rank attached to several per-::ons in this list is that by 
 which they were commonly known after the war. It is usually 
 higher than any that they ever actually held in the army. 
 
 Maj. John Bacheller 
 Nathan Bliss 
 vSanuiel W. Bowker 
 William Brown 
 Benjamin Clark 
 David Cook 
 Lieut. John Davis 
 John Ellis 
 Joseph Emerson 
 Ammi Falkner 
 Caleb Felch 
 Nathan Felch 
 Samuel Feleh 
 Samuel Felch, Jr. 
 Silas Foster 
 
 from 
 
 Reading 
 Rehoboth 
 Rutland District 
 Reading 
 Abington 
 
 Rehoboth 
 
 Reading 
 
 Reading 
 Reading 
 
 ti 
 Acton 
 
412 HISTORY OF ROYALSTOX 
 
 Lieut. Micah French from Athol 
 
 Lieut. Edward Holman " Sutton 
 
 *Benjgmin Leathe " Reading 
 
 Col. Ebenezer Newell " Brookfield 
 
 Nathan B. Newton " Southborough 
 
 — Perham " 
 
 Josiah Waite " Athol 
 
 Jonathan WelHngton " 
 
 Capt. Enoch Whit more " Acton 
 
 A full account of the service of each soldier^ as far as it is 
 recorded, will be found at the library in the volumes before 
 referred to "Massachusetts Soldiers and Sailors in the War 
 of the Revolution." 
 
 After the war closed in 1783, there must have been at least 
 125 veterans of the conflict residing within the limits of this 
 township. Their homes were scattered in various localities, 
 most of them residing in the northerly and westerly parts of 
 the town. Some removed later to more favorable localities, 
 but the majority died here and lie buried in our own home soil. 
 It is to be greatly regretted that more of their resting places 
 are not known and properly marked. 
 
 Of the four citizens of Royalstcn known to have died in 
 the service Bezaleal Barton lived as has been said on the Col. 
 Willard Newton place. Silas Cuttirg resided on the old Had- 
 ley farm north of Stone's Mills, Jonathan Hutchinson on what 
 is now the F. H. Goddard place, and Isaac Nichols Jr. on the 
 Francis Chase fann on the road to South Royalston. Nichols 
 was claimed to have been the first child bom in town. If this 
 is true he could not have been over 14 or 15 j^ears of age at th3 
 time of his death. 
 
 SHAY'S INSURRECTION 
 
 Following close on the Revolution cam3 Shay's Rebellion 
 essentially a W^orcester county movement, although partici- 
 pated in by citizens of Middlesex, Hampden, Hampshire, 
 Berkshire, and other counties. This insurrection was caused 
 primarily by the burden of private debts which had been in- 
 
 *Said to have been a nipmber of th? Bwton Tea Party. 
 
shay's rebellion 413 
 
 curred during the Revolution, and the drastic maasures of the 
 creditor class and the court"^ in collecting thDss debts. Th3 
 private debts owed by citizens of Massachusetts in 1785 are 
 estimated at $7,000,000; while the arrears of taxes due from the 
 state to the central government was $7,000,000 more. The 
 aggregate of annual public expenses at this time amounted 
 to nearly $50 for every man, womin, and child in the state. 
 This condition of affairs bore with e3pe3ial severity on the agri- 
 cultural communities where money was least plentiful. Here 
 homesteads were being sold under foreclosure, cattle were being 
 seized in distrainer, and the poor debtor himself often lodged 
 in jail. 
 
 By midsummer 1785, the indignation of the farmers against 
 the lawyers and judges of the courts, whom they regarded as 
 their natural enemies, drove them into open revolt. This 
 revolt under such leaders as Shays, Day, Wheeler, and Parsons 
 continued throughout the fall and winter, but finally collapsed 
 in February, 1787, after the defeat of Shays at Springfield, 
 January 25th and the final dispersion of his command at Peter- 
 sham ten days later. Those of his men who escaped capture 
 at Petersham fled, many of them in a northerly dire3tion through 
 Athol and West Royalston, anxious to get beyond the confines 
 fo the state. Our Royalston people largely sympathized with 
 the insurgents and extended to these fugitives a generous 
 if covert hospitality, but there is no record of any of our citi- 
 zens having taken an active part in the insurrection. 
 
 THE WAR OF 1812 
 
 Over forty years elapsed after the Revolution closed before 
 Royalston's citizens were again called upon to take up arms 
 against a foreign foe. Not until the midsummsr of 1811, 
 when our second war with England had been two years in 
 progress, did an organized body of troops leave this town. It 
 is almost needless to state that the Warof 1812 "was decidedly 
 unpopular throughout New England. It had been begun on 
 what the states of this section considered an insufficient pretext. 
 The nation had been forced into it by Clay, Calhoun, and other 
 representatives of the west and south, sections that had least 
 to lose by it and which could contribute least in men or money 
 
^l^ HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 for its prosecution. The commercial states of the north- 
 eastern seaboard had infinitely more at -stake than their south- 
 ern neighbors. As an immediate result of the war they saw 
 their chief industry crippled, their ships rotting at their wharves, 
 their coasts threatened and frequently ravaged, and their 
 fisheries for the time destroyed. Hence if the action, notably 
 of Massachusetts and Connecticut, in refusing to respond to 
 the call of the President and furnish troops for the prosecution 
 of the conflict, cannot be commended, it is at least not to be 
 greatly wondered at. 
 
 But measures were taken within these states for the pro- 
 tection of their own coasts and frontiers, should they be threat- 
 ened with attack. Among the independent militia companies 
 formed at this time were the Royalston Grenadiers, and in 
 August, 1 8 14, when a British army of 12,000 men was about 
 to invade northeru New York, supported by a fleet on Lake 
 Champlain, and while Admiral Cockburn and General Ross were 
 advancing on our national capital this company was summoned 
 to Boston. 
 
 What caused especial anxiety, in Massachusetts at this time 
 was the fact that a hostile fleet had already entered the mouth 
 of the Connecticut on a plundering expedition, and was still 
 believed to be hovering off the New England coast. The orders 
 for the Grenadiers to march came Saturday evening, August 9, 
 and were promptly responded to. The entire company of 45 
 officers and men assembled on the following morning at the 
 old meeting house on the Common, attended divine worship, 
 listened to an appropriate sermon by Rev. Joseph Lee, and 
 some with solemn, some with jubilant hearts set out on their 
 eighty-mile march to the capital city of the Commonwealth. 
 But no hostile force appeared off the Massachusetts coast, and 
 in other sections of our country conditions soon grew more 
 hopeful. True, Washington had been captured and the govern- 
 ment buildings sacked and burned; but on September 11 the 
 British fleet on Lake Champlain was defeated and captured 
 by young Commodore McDonough, and on the following day 
 and night Admiral Cockburn's fleet was repulsed in an attack 
 on Fort McHenry the main defence of Baltimore, Md. Hence, 
 after about five weeks of service our Royalston Grenadiers were 
 honorably discharged and sent home, some to regret to their 
 dying day, it is said, the "disgrace" that they ai' (^ame home 
 
THE WAR OF l8l2 
 
 415 
 
 alive. The company was continued with its periodical train 
 ings and musters until the latter 40's or early 50's and its roll 
 includes the names of many of our most virile and public-spirited 
 citizens. Below is the list of its members in 1814 when it marched 
 to Boston: 
 
 Officers 
 
 Capt. Benjamin Brown 
 lyieut. Benotii Peck 
 Ensign Willard Newton 
 Sergt. Isaac Gale, 2nd 
 
 " Elmer Newton 
 
 " Josiah Walker 
 
 " Alanson White 
 Corp. Thomas Norton 
 
 " David Thurston 
 
 '' Moses Tyler 
 
 " Josiah Wheeler 
 Musicians: 
 
 Edson Clark 
 
 Silas Metcalf 
 
 James Peirce 
 
 Joseph Peirce 
 
 Silas Peirce 
 Frivates: 
 
 Luke Bemis 
 
 Nathan Bemis 
 
 Jonas Brewer, Jr. 
 
 John Chamberlain, Jr. 
 
 William Chase, Jr. 
 
 John Dexter 
 Elias Emerson 
 Chauncy Forbush 
 Moses Garfield 
 Nathaniel Goddard 
 John Hill 
 
 Benjamin Leathe, Jr. 
 Hiram Lewis 
 Russell Morse 
 Chandler Peabody 
 Chauncy Peck 
 John Prescott 
 Stephen Richardson 
 Thomas Rogers 
 Isaac Stockwell 
 Jonathan Stockwell 
 Joseph Stockwell 
 Reuben Stockwell 
 Simeon Stockwell 
 Tarrant Stockwell 
 Asa Walker 
 John B. Walker 
 Nathaniel Wilson 
 
 The above list is found on page 93 of Massachusetts Vol- 
 unteer Militia in the War of 1812, a work compiled by John 
 Baker, custodian of the mihtary archives of the Commonwealth 
 and published in 1913. It corresponds quite closely to the one 
 given on page 164 of the Royalston Memorial. 
 
 Subsequent records show that four of the officers here named 
 later rose to the command of the 5th Regiment, to which the 
 Grenadier Company belonged. These were Capt. Benjamin 
 Brown, Ensign Willard Newton, Sergt. Elmer Newton, and 
 Corp. Josiah Wheeler; hence in the closing years of their lives 
 they all bore the title of colonel. The 5th Regiment, formed 
 a part of the 2nd Brigade, 7th Division of Massachusetts Militia. 
 
416 
 
 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 It is stated in Hon. Alexander H. Bullock's centennial ad- 
 dress that other citizens of Eoyalston besides those belonging 
 to the Grenadiers 'Svent out into active service and mingled 
 in the engagements of the war on distant fields," but if there 
 were any such, their names and records of service have been 
 
 lost. 
 
 In the Mexican War, Eoyalston, as far as we have been able 
 
 to discover, took no active part. 
 
 THE CIVIL WAR 
 
 From the unwarlike temper evinced by the town in these 
 last two conflicts it might be concluded that her old martial 
 spirit, shown so clearly during the Revolution, was on the 
 wane; but it only needed the dreadful exigency of our great Civil 
 War to fan the smouldering embers of that spirit into aflame 
 of furnace heat. The news of the firirg on Rumter on Fric'ay, 
 April 12, 1861 and the fall of the fort two days later fell upon 
 the ears of the citizens of the Bay State like a sudden thunder 
 clap out of a threatening sky. Events followed in quick suc- 
 cesions. Monday, the 15th of April, came the President's 
 call for troops. Two regiments of militia, the 6th and 8th, 
 already organized, were immediately dispatched for Wash- 
 ington. Another ominous Friday, the 19th, came with its clash 
 of arms in Pratt Street, Baltimore, and the killing and wound- 
 ing of forty men of the 6th Regiment. Nothing more was needed 
 to arouse the people of Royalston to a true sense of the gravity 
 of the crisis. 
 
 On the evening of the third day after the riot in Pratt Street, 
 a public mass meeting was held in the old town hall on the Com- 
 mon. At this first war meeting animating speeches were made 
 by Rev. Ebenezer Bullard, Joseph Raymond, and others, and 
 warmly applauded. Finally volunteers were called for to assist 
 in putting down the rebellion. The response was spontaneous 
 and enthusiastic. The first man to enroll his name is said to 
 have been the late Henry S. Wood, subsequently a soldier of 
 the 25tli Mass. Regiment, who survived his army life full 
 50 years. Eighteen other brave and re? olute men followed 
 his example. As the Bay State's quota at that time was al- 
 
THE CIVIL WAR 4l7 
 
 ready full, these men were not called into the service. Most, 
 if not all of them, enlisted later. 
 
 On May 3d the President issued his first summons for 
 troops to serve three }^ears. At this time thirty-nine regiments 
 in all were needed, six being allowed to Massachusetts, In 
 •one of these regiments, the 2nd, went five Royalston men, 
 John W. Barms, Marshall Barms, Addison S, Bradish, Henry 
 H. Higgins, and Edwin O. Vose, all of whom were mustered 
 into the service May 25, 1861 atCamp John A. Andrew in West 
 Roxl)ury, the rendezvous of the regiment. On the 8th of July 
 the regiment was sent to the front and attached to the com- 
 mand of Maj.-Gen. Patterscn at Martinsburg, Va. The 
 five men above named were the first to enter the service from 
 this town. 
 
 On the 17th of June, Massachusetts was called upon to 
 furnish ten more three-year regiments. Among these was 
 the 21st in whose ranks were included some of Royalston's 
 Ijest and bravest. The first to enlist in this regiment were 
 Nathan S. Eay, Henry E. Knight, Chauncy W. Norcross, and 
 Pranklin A. Eddy who were mustered on the 19th of July, 
 the three first named as members of Co. G of Ashburnham. 
 On the 23d of August, five more were added, Cortland A. 
 Clark, Joseph Garner, Jonas Greeley, Sidney S. Heywood, 
 and Benj. Frank Flagg. 
 
 Clark and Garner were musicians, hence they joined the 
 regimental band. Greeley and Heywood were attached to 
 Co. A, sometimes known as the Templeton company, while 
 Flagg joined Co. G. The regiment was assembled at Camp 
 Lincoln on the Agricultural Fair Grounds in Worcester. Be- 
 tween August 23 and 30 it was transported tp Annapolis, Md., 
 in or near which place it remained until the following January, 
 when it was attached to the Burnside Expedition to North 
 Carolina. 
 
 The formation of the Burnside Expedition made necessary 
 the raising of additional troops, five more regiments being 
 furnished by Massachusetts. One soldier for the 24th Regi- 
 ment, thirty for the 25th Regiment, and three for the 27th 
 Regiment were Royalston's contribution in this hour of need, 
 making a total of thirty-four enlistments credited to the town 
 between September 18 and October 23, of that first year of the 
 
418 HISTORY OF ROY ALSTON 
 
 There are those yet Uving who recall the cireunistances under 
 which the boys of the 25th enlisted. The teacher at the Centre 
 School that fall was James B. Smith, a promising young man, 
 twenty-two years of age, a native of North Orange, and a 
 graduate of Middlebury College. Fired with patriotic artlor, 
 on the 18th of September he resigned his position as teacher 
 and enlisted as a private in Company I, which was being re- 
 cruited by Capt. Varanus P. Parkhurst of Templeton. 
 
 A))0ut the time of his enlistment another war meeting was 
 held in the town hall, and Messrs. Smith and Parkhurst were 
 among the prom'nent speakers. Several of the older school- 
 boys and other young men just out from school, enrolled them- 
 selves then and there, but some remember signing the rolls the 
 next day or the second day afterward at Mr. Smith's lodgings 
 in the upper front chamber in the David Foster house, now the 
 residence of Colin Mackenzie. On October 12, this gallant 
 young gentleman was commissioned 1st Lieut, of Co. I, and 
 before his departure to the front he was presented with a sword, 
 sash, and lielt l)y the loyal and appreciative Royalston citi- 
 zens. 
 
 After participating with his company in the early l)attles 
 of the Burnside Expedition, Lieut. Smith resigned July 19, 
 1862, and a month later, August 22 he was commissioned 
 Captain of Co. K, 36th Mass. Vol. Inf. October 12, 1864, 
 he was promoted to Major; Nov. 13, 1864 to Lieut. -Col. ; and 
 April 2, 1865 he was brevetted Col. of U. S. Vols, for gallant 
 and meritorious service at the siege of Petersburg. From 
 June 3, 1864, the day of the battle of Cold Harbor, until July 
 28 following, when the siege of Petersburg was well under 
 way, he commanded the 36th Regiment. In a letter written 
 to the author under date of April 1, 1912, C-ol. Smith says he 
 still treasures the sash presented to him by the people of Royal- 
 ston. The sword and belt were lost at Bethesda Church, 
 near Cold Harljor where his horse was shot under him and he 
 himself was captured. He was a prisoner only a few hours, 
 luckily escaping and returning to his comiiaid before sunrise 
 the following morning. At the time the letter above referred 
 to was received, Col. Smith was still actively engaged in life's 
 work, being a prosecutor of railroad claims with office at 2626 
 Indiana Ave., Chicago, 111. 
 
THE CIVIL WAR 4 19 
 
 With Co. I of the 25th, also went Sergt. Joseph T. Nichols 
 who accompanied his regiment in all its campaigns until June, 
 1863 when he resigned to accept a commission as 2nd Lieut, 
 in the .55th Mass. Colored Regiment. With this regiment he 
 served until May 29, 1864, when he returned home to honor his 
 town with useful citizenship for more than fifty years as he had 
 so faithfully served and honored it upon the field of battle. 
 
 The 24th Regiment rendezvouzed at Camp Massasoit, 
 Readville, the 25th at Camp Lincoln, Worcester, and the 
 27th at Csmp Feed, Springfield. Here the regiments re- 
 mained until one by one they were forwarrled to Annapolis, 
 Md., whither the 21st had already preceded them. In 
 January of the next year all four regiments started with the 
 expedition for Hatteras Inlet and the Carolina coast. 
 
 During the month of November, 1861, five more Royal- 
 ston men joined tlie army, enlisting in what was then known 
 as the 1st Battalion Mass. Infantry. During the succeed- 
 ing winter this battalion did guard duty at Fort Warren, 
 Boston Harbor. On May 26th of the following year, the 
 six companies in garrison at Fort Warren were reorganized 
 as the 32nd Mass. Infantry and hurried to Washington 
 After being encamped four weeks on Capitol Hill the regi- 
 ment was sent to Harrison's Landing to reinforce the Army 
 of the Potomac. 
 
 Five soldiers for the 2nd Regiment, one for the 15th, 
 one for the 20th, nine for the 21st, one for the 24th. thirty 
 for the 25th, three for the 27th, and five for the 32nd, make 
 a total of fifty-five enlistments in Massachusetts regiments 
 credited to this town during the first seven months after 
 the war l)egan. Within the same period two enlisted in 
 the 2nd N. H. Regiment, two in the 3rd N. H., and one in 
 the 3rd Vermont, making a total of sixty soldiers of whom 
 we have positive record. Of these sixty volunteers, who 
 enlistetl from motives of pui-est patriotism, without a dollar 
 of bounty, and with no promise or hope of pecuniary re- 
 ward, eight were killed or mortally wounded in battle, five 
 died of disease, and three in prison — in all sixteen or fully 
 one-fourth of the entire number. 
 
 The names and record of each will be found in the al- 
 phabetical lists which form a part of this chapter. 
 
420 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 On the 4th of July, 1882, after the Union reverses irt 
 the Valley of Virginia and McClellan's disastrous campaign 
 in front^of Richmond, President Lincoln issued a call for 
 300,000 more troops to serve thi'ee years or during the war, 
 and exactly one month later he followed this with another 
 appeal for 300,000 additional men to serve nine months, 
 and to be raised by draft if necessary. For Company D 
 of the 36th Regiment, Royalston at on?e em'olled twenty- 
 three men. For the 53cl Regimen I: she furnished two com- 
 missioned officers, Qr. Mr. Sergt. Herman M. Partridge 
 and 1st Lieut. Benjamin H. Brown, and twenty-five enlisted 
 men, Lieut. Brown and the twenty-five privates being en- 
 rolled as members of Company E. This brought the total 
 of Royalston's enlistments up to 110. Every man had 
 gone as a volunteer. Not one had up to this time been 
 drafted. But to encourage these last enlistments it was 
 voted at two town meetings held in July and August, re- 
 spectively, to pay to each man who should enlist under 
 either of these last two calls a small bounty of one hundred 
 dollars. 
 
 Prior to this, in October 1861, and in April, 1852, two 
 appropriations of $1000 each had been made to assist the 
 families of volunteere. Moreover, at the meeting in April, 
 1862, the poll taxes of nineteen soldiers who were already 
 in the service had been abated. 
 
 The 36th Regiment was assembled at Camp John E. 
 Wool on the Worcester Fair Grounds during the month 
 of August. The last of the month came the news of the 
 disastrous second Bull Run campaign, and on the 2nd of 
 September, the regiment was hurried to Washington and 
 thence to Sharpsburg, Md., where it joined McClellan's 
 army just after the bloody conflict at Antietam. 
 
 The 53d Regiment was assembled at Camp Stevens, 
 near Groton Junction, seven companies, including Company 
 E, being mustered into the service October 17th. On the 
 29th of the following month the regiment was transported 
 to New York City, where it remained until the 17th of 
 January, when it embarked on the steamer Continental 
 and joined Banks' expedition to Louisiana. 
 
 During the year 1863 no enlistments are recorded fo-i 
 this town. She had already sent into the service over eight 
 
GEORGE E. FRY 
 Co. E, 5th N. H. Regt. 
 Lost at Chancellorsville 
 
 CORTLAND A. CLARK 
 
 Band, 21st Regt. 
 
 LYMAN S. WHEELER 
 Co. I, 25th Regt. 
 
 JAMES B. SMITH 
 
 1st Lieut., Co. I, 25th Regt. 
 
 ^leut. Loi., 36th Regt. 
 
THE CIVIL WAR 421 
 
 per cent of her population, and her farms and workshops 
 were pretty thoroughly drained of young men of military 
 age. From now on her enlistments were more scattered, 
 and among the names on her rolls are those of twenty or 
 more strangers who, we must assume, were recruits hired 
 outside to help to fill the town's quota. Between February, 
 1864 and February, 1865, the town furnished, exclusive 
 of re-enlistments, twenty-seven additional soldiers distributed 
 as follows: six for the 2nd Regiment of Infantry, three for 
 the 9th, one for the 21st, one for the 26th, one for the 
 28th, one for the 33rd, two for the 36th, and one for the 
 58th; one for the 1st Regiment of Cavalry, four for the 2nd, 
 and one for the 4th; one for the 7th Light Battery, one 
 for the 4th Heavy Artillery, and three for the Veteran 
 Reserve Corps. 
 
 In addition to the above, Benj. Frank Flagg and Henry 
 E. Knight of the 21st Regiment, Byron Doane of the 25th, 
 and Levi Bosworth and Prescott Metcalf of the 27th, all 
 re-enlisted in the same regiments respectively, while Willis 
 Barton of the 53d served a second enlistment in the 21st, 
 Wesley D. (loddard and Jonas E. Greeley, of the 21st each 
 re-enlisted in the 57th, and Joseph T. Nichols of the 25th 
 was discharged to re-enlist as a second lieutenant in the 
 55th, all on the quota of Royalston. Others of our soldiers 
 re-enlisted, l^ut not on our quota. 
 
 We find then, 110 organized enlistments prior to Novem- 
 ber, 1862, twenty-seven scattered enlistments between Feb- 
 ruary, 1864 and February, 1865, one soldier Aaron Rice 
 whose record is at present unobtainable, and nine re-enlist- 
 ments, a total of 147 credited to Royalston during the 
 four years of war. 
 
 In the alphabetical list which follows, will be found the 
 name of each soldier, his rank, age, company, regiment, 
 the term for which he enlisted, the dates of his muster into 
 the service and of the termination of that service, his pro- 
 motions if any, and such of the following data as it is pos- 
 sible to obtain: place and date of birth and names of par- 
 ents; place of residence before the war; present residence, 
 if now living; date and place of death and place of burial, 
 if deceased; if wounded, whether mortally or not; if killed 
 in action, died from disease or in prison, all the information 
 
^22 HISTORY OF KOYALSTON 
 
 obtainable regarding these facts. The data lielow given has 
 been secured from the written records of the town, vital 
 records, state archives, regimental histories, cemetery in- 
 scriptions, national cemetery records, and the testimony 
 of numerous comrades and friends. The name of each 
 soldier who died in the service from any cause, or who 
 died at home as the immediate result of his service, is made 
 conspicuous by ]:ieing starred (*). 
 
 Baker, Harrison C, age 18; Co. D, 36th Inf.; term, 3 years. Mustered 
 in July 30, 1862. Hon. disch. at exp. of serv. June 8, 1865. Born in Royal- 
 ston, April 16, 1844; parents, Richard and Laura Baker. Lived in the 
 Richard Baker house, so called, in So. Royalston, now the residence of Elias 
 Syria. Died in .\thol, July 30, 1915. Buried in Riverside Cemetery, So. 
 Royalston. 
 
 Baker, Louis, age 21; Co. A, 2nd Cav.; term, 3 years. Mustered in 
 March 23d, 1864. Reported as deserted June 25th, 1865. Probably a hired 
 recruit. 
 
 ♦Barrett, George H., age 23; Co. L 25th Inf.; term, 3 years. Mustered 
 in Sept. 26, 1861. Terminated Jan. 2, 1864 to re-enlist. Re-enlisted Jan. 
 2d, 1864, probably on quota of Hubbardston. Captured at Drewry's Bluff 
 May 16th, 1864. Died in Andersonville Prison, Aug. 27th or 29th, 1864. 
 Probably came from Hartland, Vt. Worked for Mr. Ripley before the war. 
 Buried in National Cemetery at Andersonville, Ga., grave No. 6952. 
 
 Barrus, John W., age 20; Co. I, 2nd Inf.; term, 3 years. Mustered in 
 May 25th, 1861. Hon. disch. at exp. of serv. May 28, 1864. Slightly 
 wounded at Antietam, Sept. 17th, 1862, and again at Getty.sburg, July 3d, 
 1863. Finally discharged near Resaca, Ga. while on Sherman's campaign 
 for Atlanta. Born in Richmond, N.' H., Oct. 26, 1840; parents, Ira and 
 Lucina Barrus. One of three brothers serving on Royalston's quota. Worked 
 at Prouty's mill before the war. Now resides in West Fitchburg, Mass. 
 
 Barrus, MarshaH, age 19; Co. I, 2nd Inf.; term, 3 years. Mustered in 
 May 25th, 1861. Severely wounded in left arm and hand at Chancellorsville, 
 May 3d, 1863. In hospital at Ft. Schuyler, N. Y. for about 8 months. Trans- 
 ferred to Vet. Res. Corps Jan. 16th, 1864. Born in Richmond, N. H., date 
 not given; parents, Ira and Lucina Barrus. One of three brothers serving 
 on Royalston's quota. Worked at Prouty's mill before the war. Died in 
 Orange, Mass., about 1868. Buried in Orange. 
 
 Barrus, William J., age 27; Co. D, 36th Inf. ; term, 3 years. Mu.stered 
 in July 30th, 1862. Hon. disch. at exp. of .serv. June 8th, 1865. Severely 
 wounded in the hips at Bethesda Church, near Cold Harbor, June 3d, 1864. 
 Born in Richmond, N. H., May 1st, 1835; parents, Ira and Lucina Earrus. 
 
JOHN W. BARRUS 
 Co. I. 2nd Regt. 
 
 MARSHALL BARRUS 
 Co. I, 2nd Regt. 
 
 
 EDWIN O. VOSE 
 
 Co. F. 2nd Regt. 
 
 Mortally wounded near Winchester 
 
 WILLIAM J. BARRUS 
 Co. D, 36th Regt. 
 
THE Civil. WAR 423 
 
 One of three brothers serving on Royalston's quota. Worked at Lyman 
 Stone's mill before the war. Now resides at Soldiers' Home, Chelsea, Mass. 
 
 Barton, Willis H., age 16; Go. E, 53d Inf.; term, 9 months. Mustered 
 in Oct. 17th, 1862. Hon. disch. at exp. of serv. Sept. 2d, 1863. Second 
 enlistment in Co. G, 21st Infantry; term, 3 years. Mustered in Feb. 18th, 
 1834. Transferred to 36th Regt., October, 1834. Transferred to 56th Regt., 
 June 8th, 1865. Hon. disch. after close of war, July 12th, 1865. Born Aug. 
 4th, 1846. Died at Soldiers' Home, Ch-lssa, Mas?., Jan. 2d, 1911. Buried 
 at Soldiers' Home. 
 
 Bennett, Henry L., age 18; 7th Light Battery; term, 3 years. Mus- 
 tered in July 18th, 1864. Di.sch. for disaliil., Jan. 27th, 1865. Born in New 
 Fane, Vt., July 4th, 1846; parents. Mason and Jane A. Bennett; worked at 
 Lyman Stone's mill before the war. Now resides in Baldvvinville, Mass. 
 
 Bissell, Emerson E., age 38; Corp. Co. E, 53d Inf.; term, 9 months. 
 Mustered in Oct. 17th, 1862. Hon. disch. at exp. of serv. Sept. 2d, 1863. 
 Worked for S. S. Farrar before the war. Built and lived in the Carpenter 
 house, so called, in So. Royalston, lately owned by John H. Hall. Now 
 resides in Keeiie, N. H. 
 
 Blanchard, Charles, probably the same as Charles W. Blanchard, age 
 19, Co. I, 25th Inf.; term, 3 years. Mustered in Oct. 25th, 1861. Hon. 
 disch. at exp. of serv. Oct. 20th, 1864. Also credited to Westl)orough. 
 
 Bosworth, Amos B., age 41; Co. E, 53d Inf.; term, 9 months. Mus- 
 tered in Oct. 17th, 1862. Hon. disch. at exp. of serv. Sept. 2d, 1863. Born 
 in Royalston, July 25th, 1821; parents, Joseph and Abigail Bosworth. Lived 
 near the foot of Doane's Hill. One of three brothers serving on Royalston's 
 quota. Father of Joseph Bosworth, same company and regiment. Killed 
 on a circular saw at Leonard Moore's mill in Royalston several years after the 
 war. Buried in the Old Cemetery at the Centre. 
 
 *Bosworth, Hosea A., age 31 ; Co. I, 25th Inf. ; term, 3 years. Mustered 
 in Sept. 26th, 1861. Mortally wounded in the thigh at Cold Harbor, June 3d, 
 1864. Died of wounds at David's Island, N. Y., July 10th, 1864. Born in 
 Royalston, Dec. 22d, 1829; parents, Joseph and Abigail Bosworth. Lived 
 near the foot of Doane's Hill. One of three brothers serving on Royalston's 
 quota. 
 
 *Bosworth, Joel S., age 34; Co. I, 25th Inf.; term, 3 years. Mustered 
 in Oct. 8, 1861. Taken prisoner at Drewry's Bluff, May 16th, 1864. Died 
 at Charleston, S. C. (Reg. Hist, says Andersonville) Sept. 24th, 1864. Born 
 in Royalston, Oct. 17th, 1827; parents,. Chilson and Chloe Bo.sworth. Lived 
 in east part of the town near Sandy Hollow. 
 
 *Bosworth, Joseph W., age 18; Co. E, 53d Inf.; term, 9 months. Mus- 
 tered in Oct. 17th, 1832. Disch. for disabil. probably in June, 1863. Died 
 
424 HISTORY OF ROVALSTON 
 
 of chronic diarrhea, July 24tli, 18G3, soon after getting home. Born in 
 Royalston, Dec. 5th, 1843; parents, Amos and Ehza J. Bosworth. Lived 
 near the foot of Doane's Hill. Father in same company and regiment- 
 Buried in the Old Cemetery at the Centre. 
 
 Bosworth, Levi, age 23; Sergt. Co. B, 27th Inf.; term, 3 years. Mus- 
 tered in Sept. 20th, 1861. Terminated Dec. 23d, 1863 to re-enlist. Re-en- 
 listed Dec. 23d, 1863. Hon. disch. at exp. of serv. June 26th, 1865. Adjt. 
 Gen's. Report says he was commissioned 1st Lieut., May 15th, 1865, but was 
 finally discharged as a sergeant. Born in Royalston, Feb. 13th, 1837; parents, 
 Joseph and Abigail Bosworth. Lived near the foot of Doane's Hill One of 
 three brothers serving on Royalston's quota. Now living in Chester, Vt. 
 
 Bowker, George W., age 41; Co. D, 36th Inf.; term, 3 years. Mus- 
 tered in July 30th, 1862. Disch. by order of War Dept., June 12th, 1865. 
 Taken prisoner at Poplar Grove Church, h'ept. 30th, 1864; confined in Sails- 
 bury Prison, N. C. Born in Royalston, 1821. Lived in east side of first 
 house east in the Park, So. Royalston. Worked in Whitney's chair ?hcp. 
 Died in So. Royalston, May 25th, 1879. Buried in Riverside Cemetery, So. 
 Royalston. 
 
 Bradish, Addison S., age 22; Co. I, 2nd Inf.; term, 3 years. Mus- 
 tered in May 25th, 1861. Disch. for diKibil. Jvly 25th, 1862. Severely 
 wcimded in the leg at Winchester, May 25th, 1862. Born in Winchendon. 
 Now deceased. 
 
 Brown, Benjamin H., age 38; 1st Lieut. Co. E, 53d Inf. ; term, 9 months. 
 Mustered in Oct. 17th, 1862. Hon. disch. at exp. of serv. Sept. 2d, 1863. 
 Born in Royalston, July 21st, 1824; parents, Col. Benjamin and Betsey 
 Brown. Lived on his father's farm near Col. Elmer Newton's. One of three 
 brothers in the service. Died in Royalston Centre, Oct. 14th, 1910. Buried 
 in Old Cemetery. 
 
 Brown, Franklin, age 39; Co. B, 19th Inf.; term, 3 years. Mustered 
 in May 14th, 1864. Hon. disch. at exp. of serv. June 20th, 1865. Absent, 
 sick, at muster out of comj^any. The only man drafted from Royalston who 
 responded in person to the draft. Born, 1825; parents. Art H. and Catherine 
 Brown. One of two brothers serving on Roj-alston's quota. Died in So. 
 Royalston, 1873. Buried in Riverside Cemetery. 
 
 *Brown, George, age 39; Co. I, 25th Inf.; term, 3 years. Mustered in 
 Oct. 9th, 1861. Mortally wour.ded at or near Goldsboro, N. C, Dec. 16th or 
 17th, 1862. Died at Newberne, N. C, Jan. 18th, 1863. Born, 1821 . ; parents. 
 Art H. and Catherine Brown. One of two brothers serving on Royalston's 
 quota. Buried in National Cemetery at Newberne, N. C, grave No. 1675. 
 
 Burgess, Martin, age 23, Co. I, 25th Mass. Inf.; term, 3 years. Mus- 
 tered in Sept. 28th, 1861. Wounded in side at Cold Harbor, Va., June 3di 
 1864. Hon. disch. at exp. of serv. Oct. 8th, 1864. Born in Ashburnham. 
 
CHARLES M. UPHAM 
 Capt. Co. A, 58th Regt. 
 Killed at Cold Harbor 
 
 BENJAMIN H. BROWN 
 1st Lieut. Co. E, 53rd Regt. 
 
 HERMAN M. PARTRIDGE 
 
 Q. M. Sergt. 53rd Regt. 
 
 JOHN S, MOORE 
 Co. E, 53rd Regt. 
 
THE CIVIL WAR 425 
 
 One of two lirothers in the service. Died as result of a runaway accident in 
 Granville, N. Y., 1912. 
 
 Burgess, Mirick, age 23; Co. I, 3d N. H. hif.; term, 3 years. Mustered 
 in Aug. 24th, 18(51. Wounded in hip at Secessionville, S. C, June 16th, 1862. 
 Transferred to Co. H, 2d Battalion, 12th U. S. Inf., Dec. 18th, 1862. No 
 record of discharge. Born in Ashburnham. One of two brothers in the 
 service. Now living in Winchester, N. H. 
 
 Bussannius, Adolphus, age 24; Corp. Co. D, 36th Inf.; term, 3 years. 
 Mustered in July 17th, 1 Slj2. Disch. for disabil. March 17th, 1865. Wounded 
 in the assault on the Shand Hou.se redoubt near Petersburg, June 17th, 1864. 
 Worked for Mr. Rijiley before the war. 
 
 Chamberlain, Stillman, age 23; Co. D, 36th Inf. ; term, 3 years. Mus- 
 tered in July 23d, 1862. Hon. disch. at exp. of serv. June Sth, 1865. 
 
 *Chase, George L., age 23; Co. D, 36th Inf.; term, 3 years. Mustered 
 in July 30th, 1862. Mortally wounded in leg above the knee at the Wilder- 
 ness, May 6th, 1864. Died of wounds at Campbell's Hospital, Washington, 
 D. C, June 8th, 1864. Born in Royalston, Dec. 11th, 1839; parents, George 
 and Esther Chase. Reg. Hist, and Mass. Vols, credit him to Winchendon. 
 Our town records and his family traditions say he served on Royalston's 
 quota. Lived in north part of town, near John Comic'.s. Body brought 
 home and buried in Old Cemetery at the Centre. 
 
 *Chase, John S., age 17, Co. I, 25th Inf.; term, 3 years. Mustered in 
 Oct. 14th, 1861. Taken prisoner at Cold Harbor, June 3d, 1884. Died in 
 Andersonville Prison, Aug. 30th, 1864. Born in Royalston, 1844; parents, 
 Francis and Ruth Chase. Lived on his father's farm, now the home of 
 Charles Chase, on the road to So. Royalston. One of two brothers serving on 
 Royalston's quota. Buried in National Cemetery at Andersonville, Ga., 
 grave No. 7313. 
 
 Chase, William H., age 18; Co. I, 25th Inf.; term, 3 years. Mustered 
 in Sejit. 30th, 1861. Hon. disch. at exp. of serv. Oct. 20th, 1864. Born in 
 Royalston, June 18th, 1843; parents, Francis and Ruth Chase. Lived on his 
 father's farm on the So. Royalston road. One of two brothers serving on 
 Royalston's quota. Now lives in Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands. 
 
 Clark, Ambrose, age 45; Co. A, 32d Inf.; term, 3 years. Mustered in 
 Nov. 1st, 1861. Disch. for disabil. March. 2d, 1862. Born in Royalston, 
 Jan. 15th, 1806; parents, Edson and Lei)he Clark. Lived near the old school- 
 house in South Royalston. Died in South Royalston, May 18th, 1882. Buried 
 in Old Cemetery, near Methodist Church. Age above given probably 
 erroneous. 
 
 Clark, Cortland A., age 24, Band, 21st Inf.; term, 3 years. Mustered 
 in Aug. 23d, 1861. Disch. by order of War Dept., Aug. Uth, 1862. Born in 
 Royalston, 1837; parents, Lyman and Olive Clark. Lived with his father 
 opposite the blacksmith shop in South Royalston. Worked in Geo. Whitney's 
 
426 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 chair shop. Died in Gardner, Mass., 1909. Buried in Riverside Cemetery, 
 South Royalston. 
 
 Clark, Thomas, age 21 ; 2nd Inf. Mustered in June 28th, 1S64. Unas- 
 signed; never joined regiment. Prol:)aljly a hired recruit. 
 
 Clement, Arthur C, age 17; Co. I, 25th Inf.; term, 3 years. Mustered 
 in Oct. 1st, 1861. Hon. disch. at exp. of serv. Oct. 20th, 1864. Probably a 
 native of Bolton, N. Y. Reg. Hist, and Mass. Vols, credit him to Bolton, 
 Said to have lived with C. Maxham. 
 
 Connor, Thomas, ag? 21; 2nd Inf. Mustered in June 28th, 1864- 
 Unassigned; never joined regiment. Prol)al)Iy a hired recruit. 
 
 Cross, Edward W., ag? 18; Cd. E, 53d Inf. ; term, 9 months. Mustered in 
 Oct. 17th, 1862. Hon. disch. at exp. of serv. Sept. 2d, 1863. Wounded in 
 foot at Port Hudson. Born in Chesterfield, N. H., Oct. 23d, 1843; parents, 
 Ebenezer F. and Olive Cross. Lived with his uncle. Wilder Cross, in South 
 Royalston, when he enlisted. His father subsequently enlisted in Co. L, 
 1st Vt. H. A., was captured and died in Anderson ville. Edward W. Cross died 
 in Winchendon, March Uth, 1916, and was bmied in Riverside Cemetery, 
 Winchendon. One of the last acts of liis life was to provide for the erection 
 of a memorial to the soldiers of South Royalston. 
 
 Davis, Charles, aga 20; 26th Inf. Mustered in June 2.5th, 1864. Unas- 
 signed; never joined regimsnt. Probal^ly a hired recruit. 
 
 Davis, Jay, age 24; Co. I, 25th Inf.; term, 3 years. Mustered in Oct. 
 14th, 1861. Hon. disch. at e\:p. of serv. Oct. 20th, 1864. Wounded in side 
 near Petersburg, June 15th, 1S31. Born in Royalston, Jan. 10th, 1837; 
 parents, Cyrus and Dulcina Davis. Lived on or near the Sherwood farm in 
 West Royalston. 
 
 Day, David W., age 30; Corp. Co. I, 25th Inf. ; term, 3 years. Mustered 
 in Oct. 2oth, 1831. Disch. for disabil. June 3d, 1863. Born in Templeton, 
 Mass., Jan. 15th, 1831; parents, Chauncy and Abigail Day. Lived in Jesse 
 Wheeler farmhouse. Worked for Stockwell and Piper in brushwood shop. 
 Died in South Royalston, 1877. Bm-ied in Riverside Cemetery. 
 
 Day, Nathan S., agj 21; Ca. G, 21st Inf.; term, 3 years. Mustered in 
 July 19th, 1861. Disch. for disabil. Feb. 9th, 1863. B;)rn in Royalston, 
 
 Oct. 19th, 1840; parents, Uri and — Day. Lived on old Uri Day 
 
 place in east part of town. One of two brothers serving on Royalston's quota. 
 Died in Worcester, Mass., March 29th, 1889. Buried in Riverside Cemetery, 
 South Royalston. 
 
 *Day, Uri C, age 19; Co. E, 53d Inf.; term, 9 months. Mustered in Oct. 
 17th, 1862. Died of disease at Baton Rouge, La., April Uth or 18th, 1863. 
 
 Born in Royalston, March 8th, 1844; parents, Uri and Day. Lived 
 
 on old Uri Day place in east part of town. One of two brothers serving on 
 Royalston's quota. 
 
WILLIS H. BARTON 
 Co. E, 53rd Regt. 
 
 GEORGE H. WOOD 
 Co. E, 53rd Regt. 
 
 MARTIN FALLON 
 Co. E, 53rd Regt. 
 
THE CIVIL WAR 427 
 
 Debous, James, age 32; Vet. Res. Corps. Mustered in Sept. 2d, 1864. 
 No record of diseliarge. Probal)ly a hired recruit. 
 
 Doane, Bernard H., age 18; Co. E, 53d Inf.; term, 9 months. Mustered 
 in Nov. 6th, 1862. Disch. for disabil. Jan. 8th, 1863. Worked as a farm 
 liand for Solyman Heywood. 
 
 Doane, Byron, age 23; Co. I, 25th Inf.; term, 3 years. Mustered in 
 Sept. 28th, 1861. Terminated Jan. 2d, 1864 to re-enUst. Re-enUsted Jan. 
 3d, 1864. Hon. disch. at exp. of serv. July 13th, 1865. Born in Royalston, 
 Oct. 31st, 1837; parents, Amos and Luciba Doane. Lived on Athol road, near 
 Doane's Falls. Died in Royalston, 1901. Buried in Old Cemetery at Centre. 
 
 Doane, William C, age 27; Corp. Co. D, 36th Inf. ; term, 3 years. Mus- 
 tered in July 24th, 1862. Disch. for disabil. Dec. 22d, 1862. Contracted 
 severe lameness while marching over the Blue Ridge in fall of 1862. Worked 
 on a bench saw at Whitney's chair shop. Lived in Wendell after the war. 
 
 *Eddy, Franklin A., age 28; Co. K, 21st Inf.; term, 3 years. Mustered 
 in July 19th, 1861. Disch. for disabil. April 2()th, 1862. Returned to South 
 Royalston and died of disease in a house near Farrar's shop, 1862. Born in 
 Royalston, Feb. 4th, 1832; parents, William and Hannah Eddy. Childhood 
 and youth spent on the old Eddy place midway between South Royalston and 
 the Centre. 
 
 Fallon, Martin, age 35; Co. E, 53d Inf.; term, 9 months. Mustered 
 in Oct. 17th, 1862. Hon. disch. at exp. of serv. Sept. 2d, 1863. Born in 
 Ireland; place of birth and parents' names unknown. Lived in the valley of 
 the Lawrence, near New Cemetery, on road to South Royalston. Died at 
 Quincy, Mass., Nov. 3d, 1906. Buried in Catholic Cemetery, Gardner, Mass. 
 
 Fish, Allen, age 41; Co. B, 32nd Inf.; term, 3 years. Mustered in Nov. 
 1st, 1861. Disch. for disabil. Jan. 7th, 1863. Built and lived in the small 
 cottage just east of the railroad water tank. South Royalston. Worked in 
 Whitney's sawmill. Place and date of death unknown. Buried in Riverside 
 Cemetery, South Royalston. 
 
 Flagg, Benj. Frank, age 22; Go. G, 21st Inf.; term, 3 years. Mustered 
 in Aug. 23d, 1861. Terminated Jan. 1st, 1864 to re-enlist. Re-enlisted Jan. 
 2d, 1864. Transferred to 36th Regt., October, 1864. Transferred to 56th Regt., 
 June 8th, 1865. Hon. disch. after close of war, July 12th, 1865. Born, 1839; 
 
 parents, Samuel and Flagg. Lived in Ambrose Clark house, 
 
 near old schoolhouse, Sjuth Royalston. A teamster. Died in Phillipston, 
 Mass. Buried in Riverside Cemetery, South Royalston. 
 
 *Forsaith, John, age 22; Co. G, 19th Inf.; term, 3 years. Mustered in 
 March 23d, 1864. Killed in action near Jerusalem Plank Road, south of Peters- 
 burg, June 22d, 1864. Probably a hired recruit. 
 
 Foster, Charles G., age 15; Go. A, 28th Inf.; term, 3 years. Mustered 
 in April 1st, 1864. Hon. disch. at exp. of serv. May 31st, 1865. Probably a 
 hired recruit. The youngsst soldier on Royalston's quota. 
 
428 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 Freeman, Frank, probably the same as Francis Freeman, age 28; wagoner, 
 Co. I, 25th Inf.; term, 3 years. Mustered in Oct. 11th, 1861. Hon. 
 (Usch. at exp. of serv. Oct. 16th, 1864. .AJso credited to Worcester. 
 
 French, Alonzo, age 30; Corp. Co. E, 53d Inf.; term, 9 months. Mus- 
 tered in Oct. 17th, 1862. Hon. disch. at exp. of sei-v. Sept. 2d, 1863. Never 
 absent from duty for a single day. Born, 1831; parents, Frederick and Rhoda 
 French. Worked in Ivimball's stable, near railroad station before the war. 
 One of two brothers serving on Royalston's quota. Died in 1906. Buried in 
 Riverside Cemetery, South Roy;ilston. 
 
 French, Lucius F., age 19; Co. D, 36th Inf.; term, 3 years. Mustered 
 in July 22d, 1S62. Hon. chsch. at exp. of serv. June 8th, 1865. Born, 1843; 
 parents, Frederick and Rhoda French. Lived with Dea. Luther Harrington 
 in South Royalston and worked iii his shop before the war. One of two 
 brothers serving on Royalston's quota. Died at Morristown, Vt. 
 
 Fry, Benjamin A., age 21; Go. D, 36th Inf.; term, 3 years. Mustered 
 in July 21st, 1862. Hon. disch. at exp. of serv. June 8th, 186.5. Born in 
 Royalston, May 10th, 1841; parents, Benjamin and Miranda Fry. Great- 
 grandson of Capt. John Fry of Louisbm-g and Crown Point fame. Always 
 lived on Yxy Hill, north of the Centime, his present home. One of two brothers 
 in the service. 
 
 Garner, Joseph S., age 28; Band, 21st Inf.; term, 3 years. Mustered 
 in Aug. 23d, 1861. Disch. by order of War Dept., Aug. Ilth, 1862. Born in 
 England, 1833. Lived in South Royalston and worked in Whitney's chair 
 shop. Died in Gardner, Mass. 
 
 *GiIes, Sanford, age 36; Co. D, 36th Inf.; tenn, 3 3'ears. Mustered in 
 July 21st, 1862. Mortally wounded at Spottsylvania, C. H., May r2th, 
 1864. Died of wounds at same place, May 16th, 1864. 
 
 *Goddard, Wesley D., age 36; Co. I, 25th Inf. ; term, 3 years. Mustered 
 in Oct. 1st, 1861. Disch. for disabil. Aug. 4th, 1862. Second enhstment in 
 Co. F, 57th Infantry; term, 3 years. Mustered in Feb. 18th, 1864. Mortally 
 wounded by shell fragments in the trenches near Petersburg. Died a day or 
 two later, Aug. 18th, 1864. Born in Royalston, Feb. 2d, 1825; parents, 
 David and Czarina Goddard. Lived just east of the Baptist Comanon. 
 
 Grant, Aaron A., age 24; Co. I, 25th Inf.; tenn, 3 years. Mustered in 
 Sept. 28th, 1861. Disch. for disabil. March 16th, 1862. Bom,1837; parents, 
 Aaron and Lucy Grant. A cobbler by trade. Lived at first house north of 
 David Foster's, Royalston Centre. Now deceased. 
 
 Greeley, Jonas E., age 20; Co. A, 21st Inf.; tenn, 3 years. Mustered 
 i« Aug. 23d, 1861. Disch. for disabil. Jan. lOth, 1863. Second enlistment 
 in Co. E, 57th Infantry; term, 3 years. Mustered in as Sergt. Jan. 25th, 
 1864. Hon. disch. at exp. of serv., July 30th, 1865. Born in Royalston, 
 June r2th, 1841; parents, Nathaniel and Delana Greeley. Lived near the foot 
 of Jacob's Hill. Now living at 1 Federal PL, Worcester^ Mass. 
 
CHAUNCY W. NORCROSS 
 Co. G, 21st Regt. 
 Mortally wounded at Roanoke, Id, 
 
 HENRY E. KNIGHT 
 Co. G, 21st Regt. 
 Killed at Spottsylvania, C. H. 
 
 NATHAN S. DAY 
 Co. G, 21st Regt. 
 
 JONAS GREELEY 
 Co. G, 21st Regt. 
 
THE CIVIL WAR 429 
 
 Green, John, age 21; Co. H, 1st Cav.; term, 3 years. Mustered in Dec. 
 24th, 1864. Hon. disch. at exp. of serv. June 26th, 1865. Probably a hired 
 recruit. 
 
 *Hale, Samuel B., age 29; Go. D, 36th Inf.; term, .3 years. Mustered 
 in Aug. 2nd, 1862. Killed at Spottsylvania, C. H., May 12th, 1864. Borp 
 in Winchendon, 1833. Lived with his father on the Henry Taft place in 
 northeast part of Royalston. Claimed by Winchendon, but name on our 
 memorial tablets. 
 
 *Hancock, George L., age 20; Co. E, 53d Inf.; term, 9 months. Mus- 
 tered in Oct. 17th, 1862. Died of chronic diarrhea at Carrolton, La., March 
 8th, 1863. Born in Buffalo, N. Y., May 4th, 1842. Lived at Orrin Thomp- 
 son's in the northeast part of the town. Buried in National Cemetery at 
 Chalmette, Arabi, La., grave No. 70.59. 
 
 Heywood, Sidney S., age 22; Sergt. Co. A, 21st Inf.; term, 3 years. 
 Mustered in Aug. 23d, 1861. Hon. disch. at exp. of serv. Aug. 30th, 1864. 
 Born in Royalston, Oct. 30th, 1839; parents, Solyman and Harriet Heywood. 
 Lived on his father's farm in northeast part of town. Went to York, Pa., 
 after the war and died there. 
 
 Higgins, Henry H., age 26; Co. F, 2nd Inf.; term, 3 years. Mustered 
 in May 2,5th, 1861. Hon. disch. at exp. of serv., May 28th, 1864. Formerly 
 worked in Vose and Bartlett's shop, .South Royalston. Worked at Prouty's 
 mills when he enlisted. 
 
 Hill, Salem L., age 40; Co. D, 36th Inf.; term, 3 years. Mustered in 
 July 31st, 1862. Hon. disch. at exp. of serv. June 8th, 1865. Born in Royal- 
 ston, Nov. 11th, 1821; parents, John and Lavinia Hill. Lived at the Abram 
 Scott place near Old Schoolhouse, South Royalston. Died Jan. 3d, 1868. 
 Buried in Riverside Cemetery. 
 
 Howard, William H., age 25; Co. I, 25th Inf. ; term, 3 years. Mustered 
 in Sept. 26th, 1861. Disch. for disabil. Feb. 3d, 1862. Re-enlisted Aug. 9th, 
 1862, probably on quota of Gardner, in Co. H, 36th Infantry. Hon. disch. 
 at exp. of serv. June 8th, 1865. 
 
 Howe, Gardner, age 36; 2nd Cav. Mustered in Feb. 27th, 1864. An 
 unassigned and rejected recruit, March 10th, 1864. Probably a hired recruit. 
 
 Hunt, James N., age 18; Co. E, 53d Inf. ; term, 9 months. Mustered in 
 03t. 17th, 1852. Hjn. disch. at e.xp. of serv. Sept. 2d, 1863. Born in 
 Worcester, Mass., Sept. 20th, 1843. Adopted son of Phelps Hunt of Sharon, 
 Vt. Worked and lived at Wm. Lewis' in eastern part of Royalston. Resides 
 at 90 Columbia St., Maplewood, Mass. 
 
 *King, Clarence E., age 18; Co. D, 36th Inf.; term, 3 years. Mustered 
 in July 24th, 1862. Died of typhoid fever at Nicholasville, Ky., Aug. 23d, 
 
430 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 1863. Born in Royalston, 1844; parents, John and Mary King. Lived at 
 his father's home in South Royalston, now the residence of David Cowiek. 
 
 Knight, Charles S., age 18; Co. G, 21st Inf.; term, 3 years. Mustered 
 in Feb. ISth, 1864. Transferred to 36th Regt., October, 1864. Transferred 
 to 56th Regt., June 6th, 1865. Hon. disch. after close of war, July 12th, 1865. 
 Born in Hopkinton, Mass., 1845; parents, William and Harriet Knight. 
 Lived at his father's home in South Royalston, now the residence of S. B. 
 Forristall. One of two brothers serving on Royalston's quota. Now resides 
 in Gardner, Mass. 
 
 *Knights, George W., age 20; Corp. Co. E, 53d Inf.; term, 9 months. 
 Mustered in Oct. 17th, 1862. Died of disease at NeAv Orleans, La., April 10th, 
 1863. Born, 1842; parents, Simeon and Lucinda P. Knights. 
 
 *Knight, Henry E., age 18; Co. G, 21st Inf.; term, 3 years. Mustered 
 in July 19th, 1861. Terminated Jan. 1st, 1864 to re-enlist. Re-enlisted Jan. 
 2d, 1864. Killed in action at Spottsylvania, C. H., May 12th, 1864. Born 
 in Hopkinton, Mass., 1843; parents, Wilham and Harriet Knight. Lived at 
 his father's home in South Royalston, now the residence of S. B. Forristall. 
 One of two brothers serving on Roj^alston's quota. Buried in National Cem- 
 etery at Fredericksburg, Va., grave No. 1149. 
 
 Mahler, Michael, age 21; Co. E, 2nd Inf.; term, 3 years. Mustered in 
 June 30th, 1864. Disch. at exp. of serv. June 14th, 1865 in confinement. 
 Probably a hired recruit. 
 
 ♦Manning, Patrick, age 24; Co. D, 20th Mass. Inf.; term, 3 years. 
 Mustered in Aug. 29th, 1861. Killed at Gettysburg, Pa., July 3d, 1863. 
 
 *Martin, Stephen W., age 25; Co. I, 25th Inf.; term, 3 years. Mustered 
 in Sept. 24th, 1861. Died of fever at Newberne, N. C, May 16th, 1862. 
 Born in Richmond, N. H., April 18th, 1836; parents, Danvers and Olive 
 Martin. Lived on Dea. Harrington's hill and worked in Edmund Stock- 
 well's brushwood shop. South Royalston. Remains brought home and buried 
 in Richmond, N. H. 
 
 Mellen, Joel B., age 40; Co. I, 25th Inf.; term, 3 years. Mustered in 
 Sept. 28th, 1861. Hon. disch. at exp. of serv. Oct. 20th, 1864. Born in 
 Arhngton, Vt., Jan. 24th, 1821. Lived on River Road, near South Royalston. 
 Returned to Newberne, N. C, after the war and is said to have died there 
 Feb. 24th, 1866. 
 
 Metcalf, Harlan P., age 22; Co. I, 25th Inf.; term, 3 years. Mustered 
 in Oct. 1st, 1881. Hon. disch. at exp. of serv. Oct. 20th, 1864. Born in 
 Royalston, 1837; parents, Jonas P. and Harriet Metcalf. Worked and lived 
 at Samuel Maxham's on road to South Royalston. One of two brothers serv- 
 ing on Royalston's quota. Removed to Athol some time after the war. 
 
 Metcalf, Prescott, age 17; Sergt. Co. B, 27th Inf.; term, 3 years. Mus- 
 tered in Sept. 20th, 1861. Terminated Dec. 23d, 1863 to re-enlist. Re-en- 
 
EDWARD W. CROSS 
 Co. E, 53rd Regt. 
 
 HENRY C. MOORE 
 Co. E. 53rd Regt. 
 Died at New Orleans, La. 
 
 Wyi^ ^X 
 
 
 URI C. DAY 
 Co. E, 53rd Regt. 
 Died at Baton Rouge, La. 
 
 GEORGE W. MORGAN 
 Co. E, 53rd Regt. 
 
THE CIVIL WAR /J/ 
 
 listed Dec. 23d, 1863. Hon. disch. at exp. of serv. June 26th, 1865. Adjt.- 
 Gen's Report says he was commissioned 2d Lieut. May 15th, 1865, but was 
 finally discharged as a sergeant. Born in Royalston, June 1st, 1843; parents) 
 Jonas P. and Harriet Metcalf. Lived with the Burbank family in the Shep- 
 ardson n3ighborhood. One of two brothers serving on Royalston's quota. 
 Removed to Norfolk, Va., a^ter the war. Married and died there. 
 
 Miles, Danvers, age 19; Go. A, 2nd N. H. Inf. ; term, 3 years. Mustered 
 in May 31st, 1861. Wounded at Williamsburg, Va., May 5th, 1862. Dis- 
 charged on account of wounds July 30th, 1862. Born in Fitzwilliam, N. H., 
 Sept. 26, 1841; parents, Noah and Sophia Miles. Lived on Miles place in 
 north part of Royalston. Now living in Soldiers' Home, Togus, Me. One 
 of two brothers in the service. 
 
 *Miles, George, age 25; Co. A, 2nd N. H. Inf.; term, 3 years. Mustered 
 in May 31st, 1861. Killed at Oak Grove, Va., June 25th, 1862. Born in 
 Fitzwilliam, N. H., March 13th, 1836; parents, Noah and Sophia Miles. 
 Lived on Miles place in north part of Royalston. One of two brothers in 
 the service. Picture in 2d N. H. Regimental History. 
 
 *Moore, Henry G., age 19; Go. E, 53d Inf.; term, 9 months. Mustered 
 in Oct. 17th, 1832. Died of chronic diarrhea at New Orleans, La., April 
 20th, 1863. Born in Royalston, Nov. 27th, 1842; parents, William and 
 Pruda Moore. Lived at the foot of Davis' Hill. One of two brothers serving 
 on Royalston's quota. 
 
 Moore, John S., age 22; Go. E, 53d Inf.; term, 9 months. Mustered 
 in Oct. 17th. 1832. Hon. disch. at exp. of serv. Sept. 2d, 1863. Born in 
 Royalston, June 13th, 1840; parents, William and Pruda Moore. Lived and 
 worked at Col. Elmer Newton's the year he enlisted. One of two brothers 
 serving on Royalston's quota. Died May 13th, 1916. Buried in Shepardson 
 Cemetery, West Royalston. 
 
 Moore, Patrick, age 28; Vet. Res. Gorps. Mustered in Aug. Tith, 1864. 
 No record of discharge. Probably a hired recruit. 
 
 Morgan, George W., age 44; Go. E, 53d Inf.; term, 9 months. Mus- 
 tered in Oct. 17th, 1862. Hon. disch. at exp. of serv. Sept. 2d, 1863. Born 
 in Portsmouth, N. H., May 10th, 1818; parents, James and Lucy Morgan. 
 Worked in Whitney's woolen mill and lived near Riverside Cemetery, South 
 Royalston. Lost right forefinger at the battle of Donaldsonville. Died in 
 So. Royalston, 1890. Buried in Riverside Cemetery. 
 
 Nash, John, age 23; Go. I, 3d N. H. Inf.; term, 3 years. Mustered in 
 Aug. 24th, 1881. R3-enlisted Jan. 1st, 1864. Wounded June 19th, 1864. 
 Hon. disch. at exp. of serv. July 20th, 1865. Born in Peterborough, N. H. 
 
 Nichols, Joseph T., age 29; Sergt. Go. I, 25th Inf. ; term, 3 years. Mus- 
 tered in Sept. 28th, 1861. Disch. June 10th, 1863, for promotion. Com- 
 missioned June 19th, 1863, 2d Lieut., 55th Inf. (colored), attached to Co. A- 
 
432 HISTORY OF ROY ALSTON 
 
 Resigned May 29th, 1S64. Bom in Royalstou, Feb. Sth, ISIVi; ])arent8, 
 Elijah and Arsenith Nichols. Died in Royalston, May 20, 1915. Bva-ied in 
 Old Cemetery at the Center. 
 
 *Nitz, William, age 20; Co. B, 2nd Inf.i term, 3 years. Mustered in 
 June 28th, 1864. Killed in action at Averysboro, N. C, March 16th, 1865. 
 Born in Prussia. Prol^ably a hired recruit. 
 
 Norcross, Andrew D., age 18; Co. E, 53d Inf.; term, 9 months. Mus- 
 tered in Oct. 17th, 1SJ)2. Hon. disch. at exp. of serv. Sept. 2d, 1863. Second 
 enlistment in Co. D, 4th H. A.; term, 1 year. Mustered in Aug. 23d, 1864. 
 Hon. disch. at exp. of serv. June 17th, 1865. This enlistment credited to 
 Worcester, Mass. Born in Winchendon, Mass., Sept. 2d, 1844; parents, 
 Salmon and Mary Norcross. Lived with his mother on Dea. Harrington's 
 hill, and worked in Whitney's woolen mill. One of two brothers serving on 
 Royalston's quota. Died in South Royalston, Feb. 27th, 1912. Buried in 
 Riverside Cemetery. 
 
 *Norcross, Chauncy W., age 21; Co. G, 2Ist Inf.; term, 3 years. l\Ius- 
 tered in July 19th, 1831. Mortally wounded in left arm and chest at 
 Roanoke Island, Feb. 8th, 1862. Died of wounds Feb. 21st, 1862. Born 
 in Winchendon, 1840; parents, Salmon and Mary Norcross. Lived with his 
 mother on Dea. Harrington's hill and worked in Day's peg shop. One of two 
 brothers serving on Royalston's tjuota. Buried in National Cemetery at 
 Newberne, N. C, grave No. 1387. 
 
 Olsen, Gustaff , age 21 ; 19th Inf. Mustered in March 23d, 1864. Unas- 
 signed; never joined regiment. Probably a hired recruit. 
 
 Osborn, Franklin A., age 37; Ca. D, 36th Inf.; term, 3 years. Mus- 
 tered in Feb. 27th, 1861. Transferred to 56th Regt., June 8th, 1865. Hon. 
 disch. after close of war, July r2th, 18 }5. Wounded in head at Poplar Grove 
 Church, Sept. 30th, 1861. Worked in Whitney's chair shop. Died in Fitch- 
 burg, Mass. 
 
 Osgood, Nathan B., age 23; Co. H, 58th Inf.; term, 3 years. Mustered 
 in Fel). 8th, 1865. Dis -h. by order of War Dept., Aug. 10th, 1885. Probably 
 a hired recruit. 
 
 Paine, Elkanah, Jr., age 28; Sergt. Co. A, 32nd Inf. ; term, 3 years. Mus" 
 tered in Nov. 4th, 1S61. Terminated Jan. 4th, 1864 to re-enlist. This enlist- 
 ment credited to Truro, Mass. Re-enlisted Jan. 5th, 1864. Hon. disch. at 
 exp. of serv. June 29th, 1865. This enlistment credited to Royalston. Born 
 in Truro, Mass., 1833; parents, Elkanah and Rebecca Paine. Worked for 
 Joseph Walker when the war began. Now resides in Oxford, Mass. 
 
 Palmer, Asa A., age 33; Co. E, 53d Inf.; term, 9 months. Mustered 
 in Oct. 17th, 1862. Hon. disch. at exp. of serv. Sept. 2d, 1863. Worked 
 blacksmithing for Leonard Wheeler at the Centre before enlisting. 
 
JOHN S. CHASE 
 Co. I, 25th Regt. 
 Died in Andersonville 
 
 DAVID W. DAY 
 Co. I, 25th Regt. 
 
 WARREN L. WHEELER 
 Co. I, 25th Regt. 
 
 ALEXANDER STEWART 
 Co. I, 25th Regt. 
 
THE CIVIL WAR 433 
 
 Partridge, Herman M., age 30; Qr. Mr. Sergt. 53d Inf.; term, 9 months. 
 Mustered in Ont. 17th, 1882. Hon. disch. at exp. of serv. Sept. 2d, 1863. 
 Born in Templet on, 1832; parents, Dea. Maynard and Mary Partridge. One 
 of two l)rothers in the service. Died in Royalston, Dec. 13th, 1904. Buried 
 in Old Cemetery at the Centre. 
 
 Peck, Nelson F., age 21; Co, I, 25th Inf.; term, 3 years. Mustered in 
 Sept. 28th, 1861. Hon. disch. at exp. of serv. Oct. 20th, 1864. Born in 
 Royalston, July 16th, 1840; parents, Lyman and Lorina Peck. Lived on the 
 Herrick place in West Royalston, south of the meeting-house. Now resides 
 in California. 
 
 *Peirce, Arthur F., age 25; Co. D, 36th Inf.; term, 3 years. Mustered 
 in July 25th, 1862. Died of cholera morbus at Hartwood, Va., Nov. 18th, 
 1862. Born in Royalston, Sept. 27th, 1836; parents, Ebenezer and Abigail 
 Peirce. Lived in last house in town on Warwick road. 
 
 Pope, Charles, age 20; Co. B, 15th Mass. Inf.; term, 3 years. Mus- 
 tered in July 12th, 1861. Hon. disch. at exp. of serv. July 28th, 1864. Born 
 in Eaton, Canada East, Feb. 5th, 1841; parents, Lemuel and Hannah Pope. 
 Worked at Prouty's mill, Royalston, before the war. Died at Fitzwilliam 
 Depot, N. H., Nov. 9th, 1897. 
 
 Potter, Benjamin F., age 33; Co. D, 36th Inf.; term, 3 years. Mustered 
 in July 21st, 1862. Disch. for disabil. Sept. 21st, 1863. 
 
 ^Raymond, George A., age 23; Co. D, 36th Inf.; term, 3 years. Mus- 
 tered in Jan. 5th, 1861. Mortally wounded in lower part of abdomen at 
 Bethesda Church, near Cold Harbor, June 3d, 1864. Died of wounds June 
 4th, 1864. Born in Royalston, June 4th, 1841; parents, Artemas and Abigail 
 Raymond. Lived next house below George Bolton's on road to Doane's 
 Falls. 
 
 Rice, Aaron. No record extant. Claimed that he served in the 6th 
 N. H. Inf. No such name, however, o i the roster of that regiment. Included 
 in the Assessors' list of Royalston's soldiers in summer of 1862. 
 
 Rice, Nelson W., age 24; Co. D, 3d Vt. Inf.; term, 3 years. Mustered 
 in Sept. 16th, 1861. Discharged for disability, June 4th, 1862. Born in 
 Winchendon, April 17th, 1837. Parents, Luke and Chloe Rice. Worked at 
 Prouty's mills, Royalston, before the war. Now living, Fitzwilliam, N. H. 
 
 Richardson, George O., age 25; Co. E, 53d Inf. ; term, 9 months. Mus- 
 tered in Oct. 17th, 1862. Hon. disch. at exp. of serv. Sept. 2d, 1863. Born 
 in Royalston, Nov. 16th, 1836; parents, Abijah and Melinda Richardson. 
 Lived on Israel Laml) farm in West Royalston, al)Out war time. Died in 
 Fitzwilliam. 
 
 Robbins, John, age 22; Co. D, 33d Inf.; term, 3 years. Mustered in 
 June 24th, 1864. Never joined regiment. Probably a hired recruit. 
 
434 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 Russell, Gsorge W., ag3 18; Go. E, 53d Inf.; term, 9 months. Mus- 
 tered in Oct. 17th, IS'32. Hon. disch. at exp. of serv. Sept. 2d, 1833. Lived 
 where F. H. Goddard now reside.^. One of two brothers on Royalston's quota. 
 Reported as now living in Keene, N. H. 
 
 *Russell, Henry, ag:^ 18; Ca. D, 36th Inf.; term, 3 years. Mustered in 
 July 21st, 1862. Mortally wounded in thro.xt in the trenches near the Crater, 
 before Petersburg, Aug. 8th, 1864. Died of wounds Aug. 10th, 1864. Born 
 in Richmond, N. H., 1844. When the war opeaed Hved where F. H. 
 Goddard now resides. One of two brothers in the service. Buried in National 
 Cemetery at City Point, Va., gnve No. 1436. 
 
 Sampson, Henry K., age 37; Corp. Co. I, 25th Inf.; term, 3 years. 
 Mustered in Oct. 1st, 1861. Terminated Jan. 2d, 1864 to re-enlist. Re-en- 
 listed Jan. 2d, 1864, probably on quota of Ashburnham. Disch. for disabil., 
 July 3d, 1865. A cobbler; lived where Rebecca Gilmore recently died just 
 west of the Lawrence. 
 
 *Shepardson, John, age 18; Go. D, 36th Inf.; term, 3 years. Mus- 
 tered in July 25th, 1862. Killed in action in the assault on the Shand House 
 redoubt near Petersburg, June 17th, 1834. Born in RDyalston, D^c. 27th, 
 1843; pareats, Eri and Sarah Shepirdson. Live 1 on his father's farm in West 
 Royalston. 
 
 Sherwin, J. G. W. T. M., age :39; Go. B, 32nd Inf.; term, 3 years. Mus- 
 tered in Nov. 18th, 1861. Disch. for disabil. Dec. 31st, 1862. Born in 
 Winchendon, Mass., July 21st, 1822; parents, Eliel and Dolly Sherwin. 
 Lived in the Rugg house over Nat Beckwith's store. One of two brothers 
 serving on Royalston's cjuota. Now deceased. 
 
 Sherwin, William W., age 27; Go. E, 53d Inf.; term, 9 months. Mus- 
 tered in Oct. 17th, 1862. Hon. disch. at ex]). of serv. Sept. 2d, 1863. Bom 
 in Winchendon, Mass., 1835; parents, Eliel and Dolly Sherwin. Lived at 
 Edson Clark or Putney house with his mother. One of two brothers serving 
 on Royalston's cjuota. Now deceased. Buried in New Boston Cemetery, 
 Winchendon. 
 
 Siegrist, John, age 22; Go. A, 2nd Inf.; term, 3 years. Mustered in 
 June 25th, 1864. Hon. cUsch. at exp. of serv. July 14th, 1865. Proliably a 
 hired recruit. 
 
 Smith, James B., age 22; 1st Lieut. Go. I, 25th Inf.; term, 3 years. 
 Mustered in Oct. 12th, 1861. Disch. July 10th, 1862 for promotion. Com- 
 missioned Aug. 22d, 1862, Captain, Co. K, 36th Inf.; commissioned Oct. 12th, 
 1864, Major, 36th Inf.; commissioned Nov. 13th, 1864, Lieut. Col. 36th Inf.; 
 commissioned April 2d, 1865, Brevet Col., U. S. Vols. Hon. disch. at exp. 
 of serv. June ISth, 1865, as Major. Wounded at Poplar Grove Church, Sept. 
 30th, 1864. Born in North Orange, Mass., Dec. 27th, 1838; parents, Hum- 
 phrey and Sophronia Smith. Taught Centre school in fall of 1861, boarding 
 with David Foster. Now in business in Chicago, 111., with office at 2626 
 Indiana Ave. 
 
BENJAMIN A. FRY 
 Co. D, 36th Regt. 
 
 JOHN SHEPARDSON 
 
 Co. D, 36th Regt. 
 Killed near Petersburg 
 
 EZRA L. WHEELER 
 
 Co. D, 36th Regt. 
 
 CLARENCE E. KING 
 Co. D, 36th Regt 
 Died at Nicholasville, Ky. 
 
THE CIVIL WAR 435 
 
 *Sprague, William H., age 39; Co. B, 27th Inf. ; term, 3 years. Mustered 
 in Sept. 2;)th, 18 jl. No record of discharge. Came home sick early in 1862. 
 Died at South Royalston, of disease contracted in the service, May 10th, 1862. 
 Born in Phillipston, Mass., Nov. 15th, 1821; parents, Wilham and Anna 
 Sprague. Liv?:l and died in house now owned and occupied by Miss Angeline 
 To.vnsend. Buried in Old Cemetery, Phillipston Centre. 
 
 Stewart, Alexander, age 36; Co. I, 25th Inf.; term, 3 years. Mustered 
 in Sept. 28th, 1861. Hon. disch. at exp. of serv. Oct. 20th, 1864. Born in 
 Northampto.i, Mass., June 18th, 1825; parents, Alexander and Teresa Stewart. 
 Lived near S. S. Farrar's shop in South Royalston. Died in Athol, Mass., Feb. 
 2Sth, 1903. Buried in Riverside Cemetery, South Royalston. 
 
 Stewart, Charles H., age 24; Co. F, 4th Cav. ; term, 3 years. Mustered 
 in June 2>th, 1831. Dishonorably dicharged, no date. Probably a hired 
 recruit. 
 
 Studar, Joseph, age 23; Co. L, 2nd Cav.; term, 3 years. Mustered in 
 March 23d, 1864. Hon. disch at exp. of serv. July 20th, 1865. Probably a 
 hired recruit. 
 
 isweeney, Daniel, age 40; Co. M, 2nd Cav.; term, 3 years. Mustered in 
 Feb. 9th, 1865. Hon. disch. at exp. of serv. July 20th, 1865. Proljably a 
 hired recruit. 
 
 Swift, Francis H., age 21; Vet. Res. Corps. Mustered in Aug. 12th 
 1864. No record of discharge. Probably a hired recruit. 
 
 Tandy, Nathan S., ag? IS; Co. D, 3&th Inf.; term, 3 years. Mustered 
 in July 25th, 1832. Dis?h. for disabil. Feb. 26th, 1863. Born, 1844; parents, 
 Rev. Lorenzo and Mary Tandy. Lived in West Royalston in house recently 
 occupied by Mr. Gentleman. Now resides in Newport, N. H. 
 
 *Tenney, Charles E., age 17; Co. E, 53d Inf.; term, 3 years. Mustered 
 in Oct. 17th, 1862. Died of chronic diarrhea at New Orleans, La., April 26th, 
 1883. Born in Royalston, Oct. 18th, 1845; parents, Alvin F. and Mary D. 
 Tenney. Lived on the old Emerson place, now called the Small place. 
 
 Thatcher, Warren, age 32; Co. E, 53d Inf.; term, 9 months. Mustered 
 in Oct. 17th, 1862. Hon. disch. at exp. of serv. Sept. 2d, 1863. Place of birth 
 and parents' names unknown. Lived at the Grant farm on the Fitzwilliam 
 road. Now deceased. Buried at Orange, Mass. 
 
 *Townsend, James, age 24; Co. A, 32nd Inf.; term, 3 years. Mustered 
 in Nov. 4th, 1861. Died of typhoid fever at Harrison's Landing, Va., Aug. 
 2d, 1862. Born in Royalston, April 6th, 1837; parents, James and Elvira 
 Townssni. Split palm leaf for Stephen White at the Centre before the war. 
 Body brought home and buried in Riverside Cemetery, South Royalston. 
 
436 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 Upham, Otis K., age 19; Co. D, 36th Inf.; term, 3 years. Mustered in 
 July 30th, 1S62. Disch. by order of War Dept., June 21st, 1865. Born, 1843; 
 parents, Willard and Sophronia Upham. Lived in the Richardson district in 
 the north part of the town. 
 
 *Vose, Edwin O., age 17; Go. F, 2nd Inf. ; term, 3 years. Mustered in May 
 25th, 1861. Mortally wounded in action near Winchester, Va., May 24th» 
 1862. Died of wounds ths same day. One record says died June 25th. Born 
 in Ro\^alston, Sept. 26th, 1843; parents, Charles and Rebecca Vose. Lived 
 in the Longley house, South Royalston. Buried in National Cemetery at 
 Winchester, Va., grave No. 3731. 
 
 Walker, Joseph, age 37; Sergt. Co. D, 36th Inf.; term, 3 years. Mus- 
 tered in Aug. 11th, 1862. Disch. for disabil. Oct. 29th, 1863. Bom in Royal- 
 s-ton, June 30th, 1825; parents, Asa and Anstis Walker. Lived at the Centre. 
 Died in Royalston, June 16th, 18S8. Buried in Old Cemetery at Centre. 
 
 *Walker, Marcus A., Go. I, 25th Inf.; term, 3 years. Mustered in Sept. 
 28th, 1861. Died of disease at Portsmouth, N. C, Jan. 28th, 1863. Born, 
 
 1840; parents, Elijah and Walker. Lived on the Butterworth farm 
 
 in West Royalston. 
 
 Warner, Alanson, age 38; Go. D, 4th H. A.; term, 1 year. Mustered 
 in Aug. 19th, 1864. Hon. disch. at exp. of serv. June 17th, 1865. Probably 
 a hired recruit. 
 
 Weber, John, age 39; Go. A, 2nd Inf. ; temi, 3 years. Mustered in June 
 25th, 1864. No record of discharge. Probably a hired recruit. 
 
 *Welch, William, age 28; Go. G, 24th Inf.; tenn, 3 yeai-s. Mustered 
 in Oct. 2d, 1861. Died of disease at Port Royal, S. C, Aug. 9th, 1863. Rec- 
 ords vary about this soldier. The above is taken from Mass. Vols., Vol. II, 
 Page 461. 
 
 Wheeler, George N., age 26; Go. I., 25th Inf.; term, 3 years. Mus- 
 tered in Sept. 2Sth, 1861. Disch. for disabil., Aug. 4th, 1862. Born in Shel- 
 burne Falls, Mass., June 12th, 1835; parents, L3onard and Phebe Wheeler. 
 Lived at his father's, opposite David Foster's. One of two brothers serving 
 on Royalston's quota. 
 
 Wheeler, Lyman S., age 24; Sergt., Co. I, 25th Inf.; tenn, 3 years. 
 Mustered in Sept. 26th, 1861. Terminated Jan. 2d, 1864 to re-enlist. This 
 enlistment credited to Royalston in Mass. Vols. Re-enlisted Jan. 3d, 1864. 
 Hon. disch. at exp. of serv. July 13th, 1865. This enlistment credited to 
 Templeton, Mass. Captured near Winston, N. C, April 16th, 1863. Ex- 
 changed July 17th, 1863. Wounded at Drewi-y's Bluff, May 16th, 1864. 
 Born in Royalston, 1837; parents. Col. Josiah and Martha Wheeler. Lived 
 on his father's farm, now C. H. Brooks' in South Royalston. One of three 
 brothers in the service. Now resides in San Diego, Cal. 
 
ASAPH M. WHITE 
 Co. D, 36th Regt. 
 
 ROLLIN N. WHITE 
 Co. D, 36th Regt. 
 Killed at Cold Harbor 
 
 STEPHEN P. WHITE 
 Co. D, 36th Regt. 
 Died at Annapolis, Md. 
 
 GEORGE W. BOWKER 
 Co. D, 36th Regt. 
 
THE CIVIL WAR ^J7 
 
 Wheeler, Warren L., age 18; Corp., Co. I, 25th Inf.; term 3 years. 
 Mustered in Sept. 27th, 1861. Hon. disch. at exp. of serv. Oct. 20th, 1864. 
 Born in Royalston, March 25th, 1843; parents, Leonard and Phebe Wheeler. 
 Lived at his father's, opposite David Foster's. One of two brothers serving 
 on Royalston's quota. Died in Fitchburg, Mass., fall of 191,5. 
 
 White, Adriel C, age 27; Sergt., Co. E, 53d Inf. ; term, 9 months. Mus- 
 tered in Oct. 17th, 1862. Hon. disch. at exp. of serv. Sept. 2d, 1863. Born 
 in Royalston, April 19th, 1835; parents, Adriel and Olive White. Lived on 
 his father's farm in northwest corner of Royalston. One of four brothers 
 in the service, three serving on Royalston's quota. Now resides in North 
 Orange, Mass. 
 
 White, Asaph M., age 21 ; Corp., Co. D, 36th Inf. ; term, 3 years. Mus- 
 tered in July 21st, 1862. Hon. disch. at exp. of serv. June 8th, 1865. Born 
 in Royalston, Aug. 6th, 1840; parents, Adriel and Olive White. Lived on 
 his father's farm in northwest corner of Royalston. A teacher. One of four 
 brothers in flie service, three serving on Royalston's quota. Now deceased. 
 Buried in Silver Lake Cemetery, Athol. 
 
 *White, Rollin N., age 18; Corp., Co. D, 36th Inf.; term, 3 years. Mus- 
 tered in July 21st, 1862. Mortally wounded in left shoulder at Bethesda 
 Church, near Cold Harbor, June 3d, 1864. Died of wounds at Harewood 
 Hospital, Washington, D. C, June 25th, 1864. Born in Royalston, Sept. 17th, 
 1843; parents, Adriel and Olive White. Lived on his father's farm in 
 northwest corner of Royalston One of four brothers in the service, three 
 serving on Royalston's quota. Body brought home and buried in a little 
 cemetery in northwest Royalston. 
 
 *White, Stephen P., age 33; Co. D, 36th Inf .; term, 3 years. Mustered 
 in Aug. 11th, 1862. Died of typhoid fever at Anuapohs, Md., May 3d 1864. 
 Born in Royalston, Dec. 2d, 1828; parents, Stephen and Harriet White. 
 Was s3xton at the Centre when the war began. A palm leaf worker. Body 
 brought home and buried in Riverside Cemetery, South Royalston. 
 
 Wilson, George W., age 22; Co. I, 25th Inf.; term, 3 years. Mustered 
 in Oct. 4th, 1861. Hon. disch. at exp. of serv. Oct. 20th, 1864. Born in 
 Royalston, 1839; parents, Wheaton and Jerucia Wilson. Lived in rear of 
 Methodist church. South Royalston. One of two brothers m the service. 
 Also claimed by Gardner. 
 
 Wood, George H., age 20; Co. E, 53d Inf.; term, 9 months. Mustered 
 in Oct. 17th, 1862. Hon. disch at exp. of serv. Sept. 2d, 1863. Born in 
 Royalston, April 3d, 1842; parents, John and Abigail Wood. Lived on the 
 Ward place in northeast pait of Royalston. One of three brothers serving 
 on Royalston's quota. Died in Tangerine, Fla., Jan. 29, 1909. Buried in 
 Tangerine. 
 
 Wood, Henry S., age 21; Co. I, 25th Inf.; term, 3 years. Mustered 
 in Sept. 28th, 1861. Disch. by order of War Dept., Nov. 6th, 1863. Born 
 
4.JS HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 in Royalston, June 30th, 1S40; parents, John and Abigail Wood. Lived on 
 the Ward place in northeast part of Royalston. One of three brothers serv- 
 ing on Royalston's quota. Died in Claremont, N. H., April 17, 1913. Buried 
 in New Cemetery, Royalston Centre. 
 
 *Wood, John M., age IS; Co. E, 53d Inf.; term, 9 months. Mustered 
 in Oct. 17th, 1862. Died of chronic diarrhea at Baton Rouge, La., May 15th, 
 1863. Born in Royalston, May 7th, 1844; parents, John and Abigail Wood. 
 Lived on the Ward place in northeast part of Royalston. One of three 
 brothers serving on Royalston's cjuota. 
 
 In the above list, I have included the names of about a 
 dozen men who are claimed by other towns either within 
 or without the state; but every such doubtful name is found 
 in a document on record in the military archives of Massa- 
 chusetts signed by Assessors William W. Clement, Richard 
 Baker, and Cyrus B. Reed and sworn to before Barnet 
 Bullock, justice of the peace, in the midsummer of 1862. 
 They were undoubtedly credited to Royalston by the Ad- 
 jutant-General of Massachusetts. Of the 138 separate soldiers 
 above shown as having served on Royalston's quota, thirty- 
 five, or fully twenty-five per cent, died for their country. 
 
 Again in the military archives of the state is another 
 interesting list of eight men who, in July, 1864, were arbi- 
 trarily assigned to the quota of Royalston from the U. S. 
 Receiving Ship Ohio, for service in the navy. Below are 
 their names and the period for which each had enlisted: 
 
 John Dow, 3 years. 
 
 William W. Smith, 2 years. 
 
 Henry Steiner, 2 years. 
 
 John Steward, 2 years. 
 
 Newhall H. Wilkins, 3 years. 
 
 Joseph Williams, 3 years. 
 
 John Wilson, 3 years. 
 
 Standish M. York, 3 years. 
 
 It may be doubted whether any one of the above men 
 ever saw or heard of the town to whose credit they served. 
 
 In addition to the men who are properly accredited to 
 Royalston as having served on her quota there are other 
 names which no Royalston historian could pass over in silence, 
 names of men born or reared within the precincts of this 
 town who nobly served their country on the quotas of other 
 
GEORGE N. RUGG 
 Co. H, 56th Regt. 
 
 WILLIAM O. BROWN 
 1st Lieut, and Quartemaster, 25th Regt. 
 
 EDWARD A BROWN 
 
 Com. Sergt. 25th Regt. 
 
 Quartermaster 53rd Regt. 
 
 Captain. U. S. Vols. 
 
 JAMES TOWNSEND 
 Co. A, 32nd Regt. 
 Died at Harrison's Landing 
 
THE CIVIL WAR 439 
 
 towns or states. Some rose to high rank; others served in 
 humble capacities; but all reflected undying honor and credit 
 on the place of their birth or their boyhood. Of the forty 
 men whose names and records follow eleven, or almost exactly 
 twenty-five per cent, died in the service. As in the former 
 lists, the names of those who died for their country are 
 starred (*). 
 
 Charles D. Barnes, Co. G, 34th Mass. Vol. Inf. Son of 
 Rev. Asa and Caroline Barnes. One of two brothers in the 
 service. Credited to Westfield, Mass. Spent his boyhood 
 in South Royalston. 
 
 *Mijron E. Barnes, Co. L, 3d Mass. H. A. Son of Rev. 
 Asa and Caroline Barnes. One of two brothers in the service. 
 Credited to Boston, Mass. Spent his boyhood in South 
 Royalston. Died at or near Washington, D. C, of typhoid 
 fever, July 22d, 1865. Buried in Riverside Cemetery, South 
 Royalston. 
 
 Edward A. Brown, Qr. Mr. Sergt. 25th Ma 53. Vol. Inf., 
 later Qr. Mr. 53d Mass. Vol. Inf.; later Capt. and Com- 
 missary of Subsistence, U. S. Vols. Brevetted Major Sept. 
 1st, 1835. Son of Col. Benjamin and Betsey Brown. One of 
 three brothers in the service. Credited to Fifcshburg, Mas5. 
 Born in Royalston, Aug. 7th, 1827. Treasurer of Worcester 
 County, 1875 to 1913. Died in Worcester, January, 1916. 
 Buried in Fitchburg. 
 
 William 0. Brown, 1st Lieut, and Qr. Mr., 25th Mass. 
 Vol. Inf. Son of Col. Benjamin and Betsey Brown. One 
 of three brothers in the service. Credited to Fitchburg, 
 Mass. Born in Royalston, March 29th, 1815. Died in 
 Fitshburg. 
 
 *Charles Ciunmings, 1st Lieut., Co. E., 11th Vt. Vol. Inf. 
 (1st H. A.), August 14th, 1862. Lieut.-Col., 16th Vt. Vol. 
 Inf., Sept. 27th, 1862. Lieut.-Col., 17th Vt. Vol. Inf., Feb. 
 9th, 1864. Wounded at the Wilderness, May 6th, 1864. 
 Killed in action at Poplar Grove Church, Sept. 30th, 1864. 
 He fell gallantly encouraging his men, and his last order 
 was, "Look out for the colors," Son of Joshua and Heph- 
 
440 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 Cummings. Credited to Brattleboro, Vt. Born in Royalston, 
 Feb. 26th, 1821. 
 
 Lysander Cutler. Col. 6th Wis. Vol. Inf., May 28th, 1861. 
 Bri^-. Gen. U. S. Vols., April loth, 1863 to date from Novem- 
 ber 29th, 1862. Bvt. Maj. Gen. U. S. Vols., Aug. 19th, 1864. 
 Commanded, 6th Wis. Vol. Inf., summer 1861 — spring 
 1862. "Iron Brigade" spring 1862 — summer 1862. Expedition 
 against Va. Cen. R. R. August, 1862. 6th Wis. Vol. Inf., August, 
 Xg62 — November, 1862. "Iron Brigade" November, 1862 — 
 December, 1862. 2nd Brig. 2nd Div. 1st Corps in Chan- 
 cellorsville and Gettysburg campaigns, 1863. "Iron Brigade" 
 early spring 1864 — May 6th, 1864. 4th Div. 5th Corps in Wilder- 
 ness, Petersburg campaign. May — August, 1864. Wounded 
 at Gainesville, Aug. 29th, 1862; Wilderness, May 6th, 1864; 
 Glove Tavern, Aug. 21st, 1864. 
 
 Son of Tarrant and Lydia Cutler. Credited to Milwaukee, 
 Wis. Born in Royalston, Feb. 16th, 1807. Died in Mil- 
 waukee, Wis., July 30th, 1866. 
 
 John D. Emerson, Co. F, 2nd Mass. Vol. Inf., credited 
 to Athol, Mass. Detached on signal service Sept. 1st, 1861. 
 Served before Port Royal and Charleston, S. C. Com- 
 missioned 2nd Lieut, in Signal Corps October, 1863. Re- 
 enlisted in 2nd N. Y. Heavy Artillery. Served to close of 
 war. 
 
 George A. Flagg, Co. C, 27th Mass. Vol. Inf., credited to 
 Athol, Mass. Mentioned in Royalston Memorial. 
 
 *George E. Fry, Co. E, 5th N. H. Vol. Inf. Son of Ben- 
 jamin and Miranda Frye. One of two brothers in the 
 service. Credited to Croydon, N. H. Born in Royalston, 
 Aug. 18th, 1837. Killed at the Battle of Chancellorsville, 
 May 2nd, 1863. 
 
 Charles V. Goddard, Co. E, 53d Mass. Vol. Inf. Son of 
 Charles and Lucinda Goddard. Credited to Athol, Mass. 
 Born in Royalston, Feb. 1st, 1845. Now living in Athol. 
 
 *Milto7i C. Handy, Co. I, 4th Vt. Vol. Inf. Son of James 
 and Clarissa Handy. Credited to Wilmington, Vt. Born in 
 Royalston, Aug. 21st, 1843. Died of disease, Feb. 15th, 
 1862. 
 
MAJ. GEN. LYSANDER CUTLER 
 
THE CIVIL WAR 4^1 
 
 Silas L. Hcywood, Sergt.. Co. A., 2nd N. H. Vol. Inf., 
 Nov. 1st, 1861. 2nd Lieut., Co. A., 2nd N. H. Vol. Inf., 
 Sept. 1st, 1862. Son of Benjamin and Sally Hey wood. 
 Credited to Fitzwilliam, N. H. Born in Royalston. 
 
 Theodore J. Hill, Co. H., 53d Mass. Vol. Inf. Son of 
 John and Lavinia Hill. Credited to Winchendon, Mass. 
 Born in Royalston. One of two brothers in the service. 
 
 Henry J. Howe, Sergt,., Co. I, 10th Pa. Vol. Inf. (Pa. 
 Res. Corps), September, 1861. 2nd Lieut. Co. I, 10th Pa. 
 Vol. Inf., (Pa. Res. Corps), February, 1862. Capt. Co. I, 
 10th Pa. Vol. Inf. (Pa. Res. Corps), May 16th, 1863. Bvt. 
 Maj. Co. I, 10th Pa. Vol. Inf. (Pa. Res. Corps), March 13th, 
 1865. Wounded at South Mountain, Sept. 14th, 1862. 
 Prisoner at Fredericksburg, Dec. 13th, 1862. Credited to 
 Riceville, Pa. 
 
 Edward S. Kendall, Co. B. 15th Mass. Vol. Inf. Son of 
 Sylvanus and Emily Kendall. Credited to Westminster, 
 Mass. Born in Royalston, July 27th, 1842. 
 
 George H. King, Co. A, 51st Mass. Vol. Inf. Son of John 
 and Mary King. Credited to Worcester, Mass. Born in 
 Royalston, 1839. Died 1906. Buried in Riverside Cemetery, 
 South Royalston. 
 
 E7ioch T. Lewis, Sergt., Co. E, 53d Mass. Vol. Inf., Oct. 
 17th, 1862. Son of Timothy and Sally Lewis. Credited to 
 Athol. Mass. Born in Royalston, Sept. 6th, 1830. Deceased. 
 Buried in Highland Cemetery, Athol. 
 
 James Oliver, 2nd, Co. B, 27th Mass. Vol. Inf. Son of 
 George and Cynthia Oliver. Credited to Athol, Mass. 
 Born in Royalston, Aug. 29th, 1832. 
 
 Harlan P. Partridge, Sergt. Maj. 53rd Mass. Vol. Inf. 
 Oct. 17th. 1862. Son of Dea. Maynard and Mary Par- 
 tridge. Credited to Fitchburg, Mass. Born in Royalston, 
 Nov. 22d, 1838. One of two brothers in the service. De- 
 ceased. Buried in Old Cemetery, Royalston Centre. 
 
 Samuel H. Peckham, Jr., Co. H, 23d Mass. Vol. Inf., 
 Son of Rev. Samuel H. and Sarah Peckham. Credited to 
 Harvard, Mass. Spent his childhood in South Royalston. 
 One of two brothers in the service. 
 
442 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 William C. Peckham, Co. H, 23d Mass. Vol. Inf. Son 
 of Rev. Samuel H. and Sarah Peckham. Credited to Har- 
 vard, Mass. Born in South Royalston, Aug. 13th, 1841. One 
 of two brothers in the service. 
 
 George H. Piper, Co. H, 53d Mass. Vol. Inf. Son of Luke 
 and Betsey Piper. Credited to Winchendon, Mass. Born 
 in Royalston, Oct. 23d, 1828. One of three brothers in the 
 service. 
 
 James S. Piper, Co. G, 53d Mass. Vol. Inf. Son of Luke 
 and Betsey Piper. Credited to Gardner, Mass. Bom in 
 Royalston, Aug. 27th, 1835. One of three brothers in the 
 service. 
 
 Lysaiider B. Piper, served as a musician in an Illinois 
 regiment. Son of Luke and Betsey Piper. Bom in Royal- 
 ston, March 2nd, 1822. One of three brothers in the service. 
 
 *Joshua Rich, Co. H. 38th Mass. Vol. Inf. Credited 
 to Athol, Mass. Athol in "Suppressing the Rebellion" says 
 he was born in Royalston. Shot through the body from 
 side to side at the Wilderness, May 6th, 1864. Died three 
 hours later. Body fell into hands of the enemy. Inscrip- 
 tion on monument in Phillipston Cemetery. 
 
 AndreiD J. Richardson, Capt. Co. C, 10th Wis. Vol. Inf., 
 Oct. 3d, 1861 to rank from Sept. 30th, 1861. Capt. Co. G., 
 10th Wis. Vol. Inf., Oct. 4th, 1862 to rank from Oct. 1st, 
 1862. Son of Abijah and Lucy Richardson. Credited to 
 Milwaukee, Wis. Bom in Royalston, March 8th, 1829. One 
 of three brothers in the service. 
 
 Vefferson Richardson, Co. F, 16th N. H. Vol. Inf. Son 
 of Abijah and Lucy Richardson. Credited to Fitzwilliam, 
 N. H. Born in Royalston, Aug. 2nd, 1827. Died at New 
 Orleans, La., June 24th, 1863. One of three brothers in 
 the service. 
 
 Leander Richardson, Co. F, 16th N. H. Vol. Inf. Son of 
 Abijah and Melinda Richardson. Credited to Fitzwilliam, 
 N. H. Born in Royalston, Nov. 21st, 1838. Half brother to 
 Andrew and Jefferson. 
 
 George Rugg, Co. H, 56th Mass. Vol. Inf. Son of Lovell 
 and Mary Rugg. Credited to Roxbury, Mass. Born in 
 
JAMES N. HUNT 
 Co. E, 53rd Regt. 
 
 ADRIEL C. WHITE 
 Co. E, 53rd Regt. 
 
 HARLAN P. PARTRIDGE 
 Sergt. Maj. 53rd Regt. 
 
 JOHN M. WOOD 
 Co. E. 53rd Regt, 
 Died at Baton Rouge, La. 
 
THE CIVIL WAR 443 
 
 Troy, N. H., July 29th, 1846. Lived in Royalston 1862 to 
 1866, except when in the army. 
 
 *Am J. Sanborn, Co. E, 2nd U. S. S. S. Son of Mrs. 
 Rhoda (Sanborn) French. Credited to Stowe, Vt. Spent 
 his boyhood in South Royalston. Wounded at Antietam, 
 Sept. 17th, 1862. Wounded later June 4th, 1864 and died 
 of wounds June 21st, 1864. 
 
 *Quincy A. Shepardson, Co. F, 53d Mass. Vol. Inf. Son 
 of Jonathan and Nancy Shepardson. Credited to Petersham, 
 Mass. Born in Royalston, Feb. 14th, 1826. Died of disease 
 at Baton Rouge, La., July 27th, 1863. 
 
 Andrew W. Turner, Co. F, 9th Vt. Vol. Inf. Son of 
 Jason and Cynthia Turner. Credited to Bethel, Vt. Born 
 in Royalston, June 28th, 1837. Taken prisoner at Harper's 
 Ferry, Va., Sept. 15th, 1862. Now resides in South Gardner, 
 Mass. 
 
 *Charles M. Uphatn, Sergt. Co. E, 43d Mass. Vol. Inf., 
 Sept. 20th, 1862. 2nd Lieut. Co. E, 43d Mass. Vol. Inf., 
 June 4th, 1883. 2nd Lieut. Co. A, 58th Mass. Vol. Inf., 
 Nov. 18th, 1863. Capt. Co. A, 58th Mass. Vol. Inf., Jan. 
 13th, 1864. Killed in action at Bethesda Church near Cold 
 Harbor, Va., June 3d, 1884. Son of John M. and Matilda 
 B. Upham. Credited to Chatham, Mass. Born in Royal- 
 ston, May, 1835. One of two brothers in the service. Buried 
 in Riverside Cemetery, South Royalston. 
 
 Lorenzo M. Upham, Co. G, 9th N. H. Vol. Inf. Son of 
 
 John M. and Matilda B. Upham. Credited to Claremont, 
 
 N. H. Born in Royalston, 1838. One of two brothers in 
 the service. 
 
 Ezra L. Wheeler, Co. D, 36th Mass. Vol. Inf. Son of 
 Col. Josiah and Martha Wheeler. Credited to Templeton, 
 Mass. Born in Royalston, Aug. 12th, 1823. One of three 
 brothers in the service. 
 
 Bufus B. P. Wheeler, Co. F, 52nd Mass. Vol. Inf. Son 
 
 of Col. Josiah and Martha Wheeler. Credited to Orange, 
 
 Mass. Born in Royalston, May 3d, 1829. One of three 
 brothers in the service. 
 
444 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 *Chandler WhitJiey, Co. E, 30th Mass. Vol. Inf. Son of 
 Lemuel and Mary Whitney. Credited to Athol, Mass. Born 
 in Royalston, Feb. 20th, 1803. Died Feb. 1st, 1862 after a 
 three weeks' illness. 
 
 Wellington White, Co. F, 9th Mich. Vol. Inf. Later a 
 first-class musician, same regt. Son of Adriel and OHve D. 
 White. Born in Royalston, Aug. 22nd, 1832. Taken pris- 
 oner at Murfreesboro, Tenn., July 13th, 1862. Now resides 
 in Owasso, Mich. One of four brothers in the service, three 
 serving on Royalston's quota. 
 
 Charles A. Wilson, Co. I, 25th Mass. Vol. Inf. Son of 
 Wheaton and Jerucia Wilson. Credited to Templeton, Mass. 
 
 Born in Royalston 1842. One of two brothers in the 
 
 service. 
 
 * Nelson G. Wood, Co. B, 27th Mass. Vol. Inf. Place of 
 birth and parents' names unknown. Credited to Athol, 
 Mass. Spent his boyhood in South Royalston. Killed in 
 action at Arrowfield Church, Va., May 9th, 1834. 
 
 It is not assumed by the author, that the foregoing lists 
 are complete or without error. It is frequently impossible 
 for even the officials in the War Records' office at Boston to 
 determine accurately on what towns' quotas some individual 
 soldiers served. The records of the towns, of the Adjutant- 
 General's office, and those given in regimental histories 
 occasionally disagree. Those given above seem the best that 
 can be obtained after the lapse of fifty years, and represent 
 much painstaking effort. 
 
 The Royalston Memorial gives in addition, the names 
 of the following men who were drafted: Franklin Brown, 
 Phineas S. Newton, Andrew J. Bliss, Philip H. Bliss, Chilson 
 Bosworth, Jr., Wilson Carroll, Brashear French, Charles 
 A. King, William Leathe, Lysander Howard, George E. 
 
 Peirce, Reuben Pratt, Gun, A. Dwight Raymond, 
 
 George S. Raymond, Joseph Shepardson, Caleb Stockwell, 
 John B. Walker, Abijah Whitmore, and Silas Wyman, Jr. 
 Of these twenty men, eighteen each paid $300. commuta- 
 tion; one, Franklin Brown, responded to the draft in person, 
 while Mr. Newton furnished a substitute at a cost of S500. 
 
HENRY S. WOOD 
 Co. I, 25th Regt. 
 
 JOEL B. MELLEN 
 Co I, 25th Regt. 
 
 WELLINGTON WHITE 
 Band, 9th Mich. Regt. 
 
 R. B. P. WHEELER 
 Co. F, 52nd Regt. 
 
THE SPANISH-AMERICAN WAR 445 
 
 This substitute entered the service under the name of Henry- 
 Newton. 
 
 Not only in the raising of soldiers but in contributions 
 of money the town was exceedingly liberal. 
 
 The Adjutant-General's records show that between 1861 
 and 1865, Royalston raised and appropriated for war purposes 
 exclusive of state aid, S16,000. 
 
 An interesting chapter could be written on the patriotic 
 action of the citizens in the various town meetings which 
 were held during the course of the conflict. 
 
 After the war, veteran organizations or "unions" were 
 formed in various towns in this section, one in South Royal- 
 ston, known as Norcross Union No. 8, in honor of Chauncy 
 W. Norcross, the first boy from this town to fall in battle, 
 but after a brief existence interest in the organization began 
 to lag, attendance at its meetings fell off, and its members 
 were largely absorbed later in the membership of the then 
 newly organized G. A. R. Posts in Athol and elsewhere. 
 
 During the late Spanish-American War, Royalston fur- 
 nished no soldiers directly, but several boys who were born or 
 spent their boyhood here served in the conflict, enlisting else- 
 where. Among these were Leonard Collins, 9th Mass. Inf., 
 died in Mass. Gen. Hospital as a result of his service; 
 Frank B. Wheeler, Co. E, 8th Mass. Inf., served from June 
 14th, 1898 to April 28th, 1899, suffers almost complete 
 deafness; Frank "Webster, enrolled in a Rhode Island regi- 
 ment. Hugh Goddard Davis enlisted in Co. E. Second Mass. 
 Regiment, U. S. Volunteers, died Aug. 11, 1898, at Santiago, 
 of emobolism, and is buried in Silver l^ake Cemetery at Athol. 
 And there are others no doubt, whose names have escaped 
 our notice. 
 
 Here ends this brief outline of Royalston's military record. 
 Many interesting facts have had to be omitted for want of space, 
 but the story, such as it is, should fill our hearts with gratitude 
 toward our soldier sons and toward the heroic fathers and 
 mothers who gave those sons to serve and save their country. 
 
CHAPTER XVII 
 MERCANTILE AND INDUSTRIAL 
 MERCANTILE 
 
 In its palmy days during the early part and middle of the 
 last century Royalston was the centre of an extensive trade, and 
 its stores and enterprising merchants drtw a large trade not 
 only from the people of Royalston but from the surrounding 
 towns. Many of the Athol people did their trading in Royals- 
 ton, and the late Town Treasurer, Lucien Lord, of Athol, remem- 
 bered hearing his mother tell how when a young woman work- 
 ing in the cotton mill at Athol, she occasionally on a Saturday 
 afternoon walked to Royalston Centre to buy her a calico dress. 
 The eight horse teams of Col. George Whitney and Capt. 
 George Peirce were kept busy all the time in bringing large 
 loads of goods from Boston to the stores of the Bullocks and Es- 
 tabrooks and Austin & Work on Royalston Common. 
 
 Early in the last century Rufus Bullock, after tending store 
 as a clerk, was induced to open a store on the Common, on his 
 own account, which was located where his residence was, now 
 the summer home of the Hill family. There he had intended 
 to settle down in life as a country merchant; later when he en- 
 gaged in manufacturing at South Royalston the store business 
 was carried on in an ell to the Bullock residence by his brother, 
 Barnett Bullock, who had associated with him his sons Calvin 
 and Charles and did an extensive business. 
 
 On the opposite side of the Common where the Lee residence 
 now stands, was another store. A store occupied this location 
 from early in the nineteenth century until the erection of the 
 residence now there. Esquire Joseph Estabrook was for many 
 years the proprietor. He was succeeded by Major General 
 Franklin Gregory, who was the most enterprising merchant the 
 town ever had and inaugurated here her largest trade, and 
 whose untimely death in 1836 at the age of forty-four years was 
 a great loss to the town. 
 
 Joseph Raymond, a native of the town, who had been in 
 Templeton from 1824 to 1838 engaged in mercantile business 
 
OLD TAVERN AND STORE BUILDING, WEST SIDE OF COMMON 
 REMOVED ABOUT 1874 
 
 OLD FIRE ENGINE 
 
MERCANTILE AND INDUSTRIAL 447 
 
 W 
 
 ith Col. Artemas Lee, under the firm name of Lee & Ray- 
 mond, returned to Royalston and formed a co partnership with 
 Joseph Estabrook which continued till the Spring or Summer 
 of 1844, when Mr. Raymond retired from active business life. 
 Phinehas S. Newton and his brother Chas. H. Newton were in 
 company with Mr. Estabrook for awhile, and finally bought 
 him out and carried on business there until 1870, when they 
 were succeeded by Obadiah Walker, who when the old store 
 building gave place to the residence erected by Joseph Esta- 
 brook and Mrs. D. P. Clark, located his store and business 
 where the present post office and store of Sumner C. French 
 now stands. Mr. Walker continued in business here until 
 1881, when he was succeeded by John E. King, who remained 
 but a few months. Aurin C. Gordon carried on business here 
 about three years and George W. Blanding for nearly five years. 
 Sumner C. French, who is now the only merchant in Royalston 
 Centre, has been in business since 1900. 
 
 Near the south end of the Common, where the South Roy- 
 alston road connects with the Common, and in front of the 
 Nichols residence, was the large store of Austin & Work. This 
 firm carried on an extensive business at this location for several 
 years. 
 
 On the west side of the street, near where the Congregational 
 parsonage now stands, was another store for a number of years. 
 This was in a building which had been occupied for many 
 years as a tavern. Warren & Emerson first kept store here, 
 and then for a time Emerson alone. Franklin Richardson then 
 carried on business there for a short time, after which Hubert 
 C. Bartlett kept a general country store there for four or five 
 years. When the parsonage was built the old tavern and store 
 building was moved to a location on the South Royalston road, 
 where it was fitted up for a store, and where Dea. Joseph 
 Walker carried on business for several years. It is now the 
 residence of S. C. French. 
 
 It was in the Royalston stores that several eminent Boston 
 merchants served an apprenticeship and got their first experi- 
 ence in business. Among these was John Dwight Morton, for 
 many years head of one of the largest paint and oil stores in 
 the country, who served his first apprenticeship in business 
 when fifteen years old i n the Austin & Work store, where he 
 remained three years. Franklin E. Gregory, son of General 
 
448 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 Franklin Gregon-, was as a boy also in the Austin store. He 
 went to Boston and was connected with George C. Richardson 
 in the well known and eminent house of George C. Richardson 
 & Co. Mr. Richardson was also a native of Royalston, and 
 was for several years in partnership with General Gregory in 
 the Royalston store. 
 
 INDUSTRIAL 
 
 Next to the church and school the saw mill and grist mill 
 were the early hand maids of New England civilization, and so 
 the proprietors of Royalshire at . one of their early meetings 
 made provision for the mills, and their committee came here 
 and selected the spot on the Lawrence, which to later genera- 
 tions has been known as "Doane's Falls." Here Benjamin 
 Marsh built a grist and saw mill and received a title to the 
 "Mill Lot" south and adjoining the falls with other encourage- 
 ment, and gave his bond to build and maintain suitable mill ac- 
 commodations ; but failing to meet the conditions of his bond 
 the proprietors recovered £200 in a suit at law, a part of which 
 they afterwards remitted. He sold out and removed from town. 
 Isaac Gale from Sutton succeeded him and probably the mills 
 were not operated until Gale became proprietor ; previous to 
 this bags of grain were carried on the shoulders of men through 
 the wilderness to a neighboring town to be ground, and were 
 brought back in the same manner they were carried. Isaac 
 Gale died in 1779, and Henry Nichols was the next owner 
 who carried on the mills. William Nichols, known as "Miller 
 Nichols" carried on the grist mill for some time. 
 
 There was also a clothier's shop in that vicinity, one Ben- 
 jamin May having built as it is stated at "the base of the great 
 Falls, but soon after moved up stream, to near the site of 
 Amos Doane's unique concern," where he secured and made 
 the home-mades of the people. After awhile his business pas- 
 sed into the hands of Joel Nourse from Winchendon, about the 
 beginning of the nineteenth century. Mr. Nourse built the 
 dam north of the old red pail shop and carried on several kinds 
 of business, erecting a blacksmith shop in which he had a trip- 
 hammer, and a nail cutting machine. He also got under his 
 control the oil mill and Clothier's mill and became the leading 
 
AMOS DOANE'S MILL AT DOANE'S FALLS 
 
MERCANTILE AND INDUSTRIAL 449 
 
 manufacturer of his day in town. After Joel Nourse left town, 
 Benjamin Bragg became proprietor of this privilege and con- 
 tinued for a while the clothier's business. He also built a wool 
 carding mill, which was afterwards converted into a satinet 
 factory, where quite a business was done for some tim.e, and 
 this became a lively section of the town. The mills of Mr. 
 Bragg were burned in 1850. Sullivan Raymond carried on the 
 manufacture of pails in this locality for several years, and since 
 his business was closed up there has been no manufacturing 
 carried on with the exception of what has been done at the old 
 saw mill at the head of the falls on the Athol road. Sometime 
 in the seventies the mill came into the possession of John Ken- 
 dall & Son, who made many improvements, putting in two 
 turbine wheels and a circular saw mill, and engaged in getting 
 out all kinds of turned chair stock. After they gave up business 
 the property went through the hands of several owners and was 
 purchased by Bolton and Stimson, who did general sawing for 
 many years, and then sold to E. E. Dickinson of Buffalo, New 
 York. The old mill which had been a landmark for nearly a 
 hundred years fell down Jan. 3, 1911. 
 
 On the opposite side of the stream from this old mill Amos 
 Doane commenced the erection of a large and rambling mill that 
 remained for many years uncompleted, and which formed a 
 unique and picturesque setting for the Falls and the deep gorge 
 with its rocky sides. It w^as never used to any extent and finally 
 was taken down a part at a time. 
 
 Among the early builders of saw-mills w^as Capt. Pelatiah 
 Metcalf from Wrentham, Mass., who built a saw-mill on the 
 site of the mill later owned by Nathaniel Greeley, and now known 
 as Cripple Creek. 
 
 Lieut. Jonas Allen, one of the early settlers, built a saw-mill 
 which in 1865 was owned by Lyman Stone, and is now owned 
 by Herbert O. Smith. 
 
 The saw-mill known for many years as the Leonard G. 
 Moore mill on the Forbes Falls road, was built by Seth Holman, 
 who after a while sold out to Baker and Underwood. Leonard 
 G. Mooie in company with his father, James G. Moore, bought 
 the mill in 1866, and a large business was carried on there for 
 upwards of twenty years, in getting out building timber, chair 
 stock and pail and tub stock, and it was said that for several 
 years the largest business was done at this mill of any one in 
 
450 HISTORY OF ROY ALSTON 
 
 town except that of Colonel Whitney at South Royalston. The 
 old mill was sold at auction in 1888, and has long since dis- 
 appeared. 
 
 Old records state that in the early days of the town there 
 were eight sawmills, three grist-mills, six tanneries, two brick 
 yards, two potashes, the oil mill, the clothiers mill, and all the 
 small shoe shops, smithies, cider mills, etc., scattered over the 
 town. 
 
 The manufacture of potash was a thriving industry in the 
 country from 1760 to 1800. By reason of its scarcity in England, 
 Parliament remitted the duties in 1751 and encouraged its im- 
 portation from Colonies where wood was plenty. In 1788 there 
 were about two hundred and fifty potash works in Massachusetts. 
 The woods chiefly employed were hickory, oak, beech, birch, 
 elm, walnut, chestnut and maple. 
 
 At a town meeting held in 1780 it was voted to grant one 
 William Jerrel, a hatter, liberty to build a liatter's shop on the 
 common and occupy the ground so long as he continnued the 
 hatter's business thereon, and for many years he furnished the 
 people with hats, and was also engaged in the fur trade. 
 
 During the first half of the last century the hollow north of 
 the Common became quite a manufacturing locality. The 
 waters of "Little Pond," west of the Common, were diverted 
 from their natural outlet and carried around by a canal through 
 the hollow, furnishing water power for several shops. The 
 most important one was tbe cabinet shop of Joseph Sawyer, in 
 which pine furniture was manufactured quite extensively for a 
 number of years. 
 
 Joseph Sawyer belonged to the well known Sawyer family, 
 noted as inventors, and of which Sylvanus and Addison M. 
 Sawyer were members. He is said to have been the original 
 inventor of a cane cutting machine, that, with improvements 
 made upon it, revolutionized the rattan industry of the country, 
 and which developed into the American Rattan Co. Mr. Saw- 
 yer also invented the first automobile seen in this part of the 
 country, and described by one who saw it as "a buggy with a 
 wood burning steam engine for motor." Mr. Sawyer came up 
 from Fitchburg with his newly invented vehicle, to the Centen- 
 nial Anniversary in 1865, and as related by Mr. George E. 
 Pierce, who was a witness to the event, he drove down the 
 
MERCANTILE AND INDUSTRIAL 451 
 
 Common at a good rate of speed until he collided with a tree 
 and the machine was demolished. 
 
 After Mr. Sawyer left town, the manufacture of furniture 
 was continued by Dea. Seth Holman, and after him by his son, 
 Seth N. Holman, and Joseph B. Cardany, who became one of 
 the prominent citizens of Athol. 
 
 Below this privilege a large carriage and wheelwright shop 
 was erected, where quite a business was carried on for several 
 years. After this business was given up the shop was used by 
 Phinehas S. Newton and Charles H. Newton as a palm leaf 
 shop, where they prepared the leaf, which was put out to be 
 braided into hats and woven into Shaker hoods, and the learns 
 of the Newtons distributed the leaf and collected the hats 
 throughout the towns of Northern Massachusetts and Southern 
 New Hampshire. 
 
 Two plans of Royalston are on file in the State House at 
 Boston. The first, known as the 1795 Plan, is on a scale of two 
 hundred rods to an inch, was drawn March 13, 1795, and sur- 
 veyed in the months of October and November, 1794, by Wil- 
 liam Town, Surveyor. This plan states that there are seven 
 saw mills in towai, three grist mills and one fulling mill. By 
 the Boston Road it is seventy-two miles to Boston, and it is 
 thirty-eight miles to the Court House at Worcester. It gives 
 the state line as 4^^ miles, 25 rods on Fitzwilliam and ?>% miles 
 and 35 rods on Richmond, making a total of 8j^ miles and 60 
 rods on the state line. 
 
 The second plan, known as the Plan of 1830, was surveyed 
 and laid down upon a scale of one hundred rods to an inch : in 
 obedience to a Resolve of the General Court, approved by the 
 Governor March 1, 1830, by Jonathan Blake, Jr., Surveyor, 
 Feb. 3, 1831. This plan gives six saw mills, three grist mills, 
 two woolen factories, twelve school houses, two tanneries, three 
 stores, two cabinet makers shops, six blacksmith shops, one 
 machine shop, one clothiers, one potash. 
 
 In 1864 the saw mills had increased to thirteen, and these, 
 with the shops, were turning out merchandise from the forests 
 according to statistics as follows : 1,440.000 feet of lumber pre- 
 pared for the market, 280 cords of staves, fifty thousand 
 shingles, 32,000 chairs, 36,000 pails, 6,000 bushels of shoe pegs, 
 1,585 cords of fire- wood and bark, 200 bushels of charcoal, 
 
452 HISTORY OF ROYAL.STON 
 
 chair stock to the value of $5,650, brush-woods worth $10,806, 
 and $12,000 worth of other wooden ware. 
 
 POPULATION 
 
 The growth of Royalston from its first settlement was rapid 
 and in 1776 it numbered 617. From the opening of the Rev- 
 olution to 1793 the number nearly doubled, and with a popula- 
 tion of 1130 Royalston was then the most flourishing town of 
 Northern Worcester, with the exception of Petersham, and one 
 of the largest in the whole County, exceeding Ashburnham, 
 Athol, Gardner, Tenipleton and Winchendon in population, 
 having more than double the town of Gardner, which at that 
 time had only 530, and being only 21 behind Fitchburg, which 
 had 1151, and 60 behind Leominster, with 1190, and Worcester 
 with a population of 2100 was only 970 ahead of Royalston. 
 
 In 1793 the polls of Royalston as compared with other 
 towns of Northern Worcester were as follows : Royalston 263 ; 
 Athol 206 ; Winchendon 234 ; Templeton 241 ; Gerry 177 ; 
 Fitchburg 268; Petersham 390. 
 
 The number of inhabitants continued to increase at every 
 census until 1840, when it had 1,667, the largest number in the 
 history of the town. While the increase from 1810 to 1830 was 
 only 78, the next ten years showed a gain of 174, which was 
 due to the development of manufacturing industries in the vil- 
 lage of South Royalston. The population at the times of taking 
 the census has been as follows : 1800—1243; 1810—1415; 1820 
 — 1424; 1830—1493; 1840—1667; 1850-1546; 1855—1469; 
 1860—1486; 1865—1441; 1870—1354; 1875—1260; 1880—1192; 
 1885—1053; 1890—1030; 1895—890; 1900—958; 1905—903; 
 1910—792; 1915—866. 
 
 INCOME TAXES 
 
 During the time of income taxes in Civil War time, the in- 
 comes of Royalston men were returned as follows : Incomes 
 for 1864— 
 
 S. S. Farrar, $500; A. K. Josselyn, $8,730; Elihu Piper, 
 $740; R. R. Safford, $3,209; George Whitney, $12,124. 
 
MERCANTILE AND INDUSTRIAL 433 
 
 Incomes for 1865 — 
 
 Eber. W. Bullard, $53: Barnet Bullock, $904; S. C. Clem- 
 ent, $46; Caleb W. Day, $134; Salmon S. Farrar, $300; Horace 
 T. Hanks, $45; Jeffrey Lehy, $267; Sumner Marvin, $137; 
 Chas. H. Newton, S400; Elihu Piper, $526; Roby R. Safford, 
 $639; Edmund Stockwell, $560; Orrin Thompson, $404; John 
 Whitmore, $128; George Whitney, $3,583; Eucien Webster, 
 $657. 
 
CHAPTER XVIII 
 ORGANIZATIONS 
 
 MASONIC FRATERNITY 
 
 Although Royalston never had a Masotiic Lodge within its 
 borders, yet there have been loyal members of this Fraternity 
 in the town from the early days of Masonry in this part of the 
 country to the present time. There were a few members from 
 Royalston in Harris Lodge, which was instituted in Athol in 
 1802, just how many we are not able to state, but in 1834 when 
 Harris Lodge was disbanded and the money in the treasury 
 was divided, it is recorded that the Royalston Masons were 
 paid thirty dollars as their share, and the two Royalston mem- 
 bers at that time, Timothy Lewis and Jonathan Pierce, agreed 
 to give their share for the support of preaching in the way they 
 should think best. 
 
 Benoni Peck, who was actively interested in Free Masonry, 
 and was a member of the order for nearly seventy years, must 
 have been one of the very early members of the Fraternity in 
 Royalston. He was secretary of the Orange Lodge in 1825, 
 and Asaph Merriam, who was a Baptist minister in West Roy- 
 alston, was at one time chaplain of the Orange Lodge. Amos 
 Woodward was also a member. Among the early Masons 
 from Royalston who were members of either Harris Lodge or 
 Orange Lodge we find the names of Adam Streeter, Russell 
 Wheeler, Thomas Cobb, Benjamin Bragg, James Bennett, Lov- 
 ell Kelton, Stephen G. Kendall, Jeremiah Matthews and John 
 Whitmore. 
 
 In 1864 Star Lodge was instituted in Athol and has through- 
 out its history numbered among its members citizens of Royals- 
 ton. Eri Shepardson was for twenty-five years treasurer of 
 Star Lodge. Among those from Royalston who have been 
 members of the Lodge are : Jay Davis, Caleb Cook, Rev. Lo- 
 renzo Tandy, Franklin Richardson, Wm. W. Clement, Hosea 
 D. Davis, Darwin F. Wheeler, Nathan S. Tandy, David W. 
 Day, Caleb W. Day, George Woodbury, Horace Fisher, Leo- 
 
ORGANIZATIONS 455 
 
 nard G. Moore, B. W. Rich, Luke B. Shepardson, Calvin C. 
 Chapin, Herbert Walker, Joseph Walker, Walter S. Chapiii, 
 Willard W. White, Charles W. Reed, Walter N. Farrar, Ever- 
 ard B. Hanson. 
 
 ROYALSTON GRANGE, NO. 195 
 
 One of the most flourishing organizations in the town, and 
 one which has contributed much to the social and intellectual 
 life of the community, is the Grange. This was organized 
 March 17, 1892, by State Master Elmer D. Howe of Marlboro 
 assisted by W. H. Frost of Athol, with forty-two charter mem- 
 bers. 
 
 On March 24th the first officers were elected as follows : 
 Master, M. W. White; Overseer, J. M. Wheeler; Lecturer, A. 
 D. Raymond; Steward, Calvin H. Wilcox; Assistant Steward, 
 L. G. P'orbes; Treasurer, W. H. Newton; Secretary, Carrie W. 
 Raymond; Gate Keeper, C, H. Deland; Chaplain, L. E. Stew- 
 art; Pomona, Hattie Moore; Flora, Stella V. Newton; Ceres, 
 Lizzie Reed; Lady Assistant Steward, Cora Wetherbee; Orga- 
 nist, E. J. Partridge; Chorister, H. M. Partridge. 
 
 These officers were installed March 30th, with the officers of 
 Athol Grange in the chairs, and State Master E. D. Howe as 
 installing officer. Members from six neighboring granges were 
 present, and many words of congratulation and encouragement 
 were given the brothers and sisters of the new grange. 
 
 At the end of the first year the membership had increased 
 to fifty-three. The meetings of the first year were held in the 
 Town Hall. During the year a hall was fitted up in the upper 
 room of the school house, the first meeting in its new quarters 
 being held Jan. 4, 1893. This was the home of the Grange for 
 eleven years, when, the room being needed for school purposes, 
 the meetings were agaiti held in the Town Hall, which has 
 been the place of meeting to the present time. 
 
 The largest number of members at any time was in 1895, 
 when the year closed with one hundred and eight members. 
 At the twentieth anniversary of the Grange it numbered ninety 
 members, which was about one tenth of the population of the 
 town . 
 
^5<5 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 The following have served the Grange as Master : M. W. 
 White, L. H. Woodbury, C. A. Stimson, L. G. Forbes, h. E. 
 Stewart, C. H. Brown, Myron Stockwell, C. E. Richardson, 
 Eri Stewart. C. A. Stimson held the position at different times 
 seven years. 
 
 The Grange has held two successful fairs, two field days 
 which were largely attended, and made three exhibits at the 
 annual fairs of the Worcester North West Society in Athol. It 
 has been helpful to its members and the community in many 
 ways, especially in times of sickness and trouble, having given 
 among its members $320 in money, while it has liberally assisted 
 enterprises outside the order. 
 
CHAPTER XIX 
 CEMETERIES 
 
 The Iloyalston Memorial in describing the burial grounds 
 of the town in 1865, says: "Of these there are nine in town^ 
 bi'^ides family yards and places where one or only a few bodies 
 have been interred." The original burial ground projected 
 by the proprietors occupied the east side of the public square. 
 Several interments were made on this ground, but being found 
 very unsuitable for the purpose, it was exchanged for a lot lying 
 southwest of the original plot and on the south side of the Athol 
 road near the Centre school house. Later the town added several 
 acres to this lot and enclosed the whole with a stone wall. It 
 has also a receiving tomb and a hearse-house fronting upon the 
 road, and there for a century' and a half have many of the dead 
 of lloj^alston been conveyed to their last resting place. 
 
 Another of the very early grave yards is the old burying 
 ground located near where the first Baptist meeting house was 
 erected; it is sometimes called "the grave j^ard under the hill." 
 It is nearly two miles from the centre village close by the road 
 to Warwick. When it was first laid out the highway skirted 
 its southern border; now the traveled road is several rods 
 north of it. Originally this was three-fourths of an acre of 
 land fenced in on all sides by a substantial stone wall crowned 
 with posts and rails. It is the last resting place of a great many 
 of the forefathers of the town. Stephen Grant, the first man to 
 die after the settlement of the town commenced was buried 
 here, and also the remains of Mrs. Estey, the first woman who 
 died in town found sepulchre in the same ground. One of the 
 earliest headstones that has an inscription was "Erected to 
 the memory of Mary Ellis, wife of Mr. Paul Ellis, who died 
 Jan. 22, 1786, 24 years of age." Among the tomb-stones stand- 
 ing in this yard are those to the memory of the two Kenneys, 
 Rev. Isaac Kenney who died in 1800, and Rev. Moses Kenney 
 who died in 1801; also to Capt. Pelatiah Metcalf who died in 
 1807 and who contributed the land for this grave yard under 
 the hill. 
 
458 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 When the Royalston Memorial described this yard in 1865 
 it was stated that "it now lieth waste, and the forest usurps 
 the field of the dead." Some twenty years after, the late P. J. 
 Forristall, his two brothers and Jacob Estey of Brattleboro, 
 made some attempts to reclaim this cemetery from the forest 
 growth, and the yard was re-fenced and cleared up. Rev. 
 Albert Bryant, Royalston's centennial poet gathered one of 
 his garlands from this old cemetery as he thus refers to it: 
 
 "To the grave yard come, below the hill. 
 When the cares of busy day are still; 
 And spell from broken stones the names 
 That kindled Freedom's holy flames; 
 The dewey pines a hundred years 
 Have wet the ancient mounds with tears." 
 
 "Though breaking day its splendor weaves 
 Along a million pointed leaves; 
 Or moon-baams o'er the solemn wood 
 At evening draw their shining hood; 
 No light, at morn or evening, shines 
 Upon the graves beneath the pines." 
 
 Shortly before the decease of Hon. Rufus Bullock in 1858 
 he became much interested in the establishing of a new cemetery 
 near the centre of the town, and with other citizens was instru- 
 mental in the purchase of a lot on the east bank of the Lawrence, 
 a short distance south of the road leading to South Royal- 
 ston, with which it is connected by an avenue. The grounds 
 have been enclosed by a good fence, avenues and paths have 
 been laid out and considerable attention has V)een paid to the 
 ornamentation and beautifying of the grounds. Mr. Bullock 
 was so much interested in having this cemetery kept in good 
 condition, and not be allowed to become the waste and desolate 
 place that many cemeteries are, that he made his gift of five 
 thousand dollars for the Ijenefit and use of the common schools 
 of Royalston, conditional on the keeping of this cemetery in 
 good order and condition by the town, for a clause in his will 
 in which he bequeaths to the Town of Royalston the sum of 
 five thousand dollars, the income of which shall be appropriated 
 and paid over for the benefit and use of Common schools in 
 the town; also says, provided, however, that whenever the said 
 
CEMETERIE.S 459 
 
 town of Royalston shall neglect to keep, or cause to be kept, 
 in good state of repair the new cemetery now being established 
 on the ground recently purchased of C. H. Maxam, that is 
 to say, shall neglect to maintain in good order and condition 
 the said grounds, fence, gate and receiving tombs therein, then 
 this sum of Five Thousand Dollars shall revert to and be paid 
 over to my children and their heirs by right of representation. 
 Another burial ground, which is the last resting place of 
 many of the families of the West part of the town, is situated 
 upon an eminence near the Warwick line, and southwest from 
 the old Baptist common. This has been kept in better condition 
 than some of the old burial grounds, has a receiving tomb and 
 is well fenced. One of the early grave yards is situated near 
 the Richmond line. A neat and well kept neighborhood cemetery 
 which was laid out in the early sixties is located near the farm of 
 Selectman Luke B. Shepardson. There are also family lots in 
 several sections of the town. 
 
 EPIDEMICS 
 
 Rev. Joseph Lee in his half-century discourse says that in 
 1777 "the dysentery prevailed and more than forty were carried 
 off with it. It was computed that about one-twelfth part of 
 the souls in town were taken away by that and other disorders 
 in that year, the whole number of deaths being fifty-tw'o." 
 
 In 1795, also, the canker or throat distemper in its various 
 forms prevailed here, of which sixty-six persons died and twenty 
 of other diseases in the same year making eighty-six in all. 
 He also stated that before his settlement, which was in 1768, 
 "that he understood there were eight deaths." One of these was 
 an aged widow, two others were brothers by the name of Win- 
 ship, the first of whom perished in the cold, and the other killed 
 by the falling of a tree. Stephen Grant, the first man to die 
 after the settlement of the town died Sept. 4, 1764. 
 
CHAPTER XX 
 OLD TAVERNS AND STAGE COACHES 
 
 The late Daniel Davis in an article on "Taverns in West 
 Royalston" published in 1890 says: "The first tavern opened 
 in West Royalston was located a few rods east of the first bridge 
 that spans the quietly flowing TuUy above Long Pond, where 
 Mr. Elisha Rich built the first house in that part of the town. 
 The late Capt. Asahel Davis is authority for saying that he, 
 with others, stopped there for refreshments about the time 
 of the closing up of the Revolutionary war, and that Uzziah 
 Green was landlord at that time." The late Mrs. James Walker 
 said that when a girl she used to go down by the river to meet- 
 ing Sunday noons. The girls would walk over the bridge for 
 water to drink at the tavern, would stop and chat on the porch 
 which extended the entire frontage of the house, and admire 
 the natural and beautiful meadow just across the road, and 
 its western boundary, the winding river; William Crawford 
 lived there then. The old porch-front tavern disappeared long 
 ago, and little remains to mark the ancient site. 
 
 At a later period Deacon Jacob Estey was a genial Boni- 
 face, and dispensed substantial entertainment to weary travelers 
 and administered to the customary wants of the townspeople. 
 His hostelry was the last house as you climb the western slope 
 of the dividing ridge, known as Jacob's Hill. 
 
 In the early years of the 19th century Peleg Kingsley hung 
 out a sign on the west side of the road at the City, so that hungry 
 and thirsty travelers, benighted at his door, often entered in 
 to eat and drink, and find shelter until the next morning. His 
 successors as far as known at this time were Calvin Peck, Arba 
 Reed and John Chamberlain, Jr. Chamberlain closed out 
 about 1826. 
 
 On the opposite side the highway was another roadside 
 inn, where the wayfarer found a traveler's home, and where on 
 festive occasions the mug, overflowing with toddy passed metrily 
 around the customers. James Buffum and Dana Rich are 
 two of the landlords who entertained at that inn, the latter 
 retiring in 1832. About two miles south of the city, where 
 
OLD TAVERNS 4()l 
 
 Myron W. Sherwood now lives, in 1815 on the east side of the 
 road stood erect a painted pole at the corner of some horse- 
 sheds, and from a start sprung out near the top, was hinged a 
 signboard swinging in the breeze and decorated on either face 
 with the familiar name Simeon Jacobs, and the original date 
 of 1806. About 1826 a raising was held at David Cook's, since 
 known as the Tandy place, when a polished shaft was raised 
 and secured in position and a sign board hung in its place, 
 where it remained until nearly 1840, when the last of the tavern 
 emblems disappeared from the local highways. 
 
 Among the early taverns in other parts of the town was 
 the half-wa}' house of Joseph Priest near the easterly line of 
 the town where lie dispensed hospitality to those who passed that 
 way to and from the French wars. Capt. Gad Pierce when he 
 settled in Royalston opened a public house on the west bank of 
 the Lawrence, and Capt. Peter Woodbury had a tavern on the 
 Athol road. Henry Nichols, known as "Landlord Nichols" 
 had a public house on what was known for many years as the 
 Maxam place. 
 
 In the southwest part of the town, which is now included 
 in the town of Orange, Nathan Goddard from Shrewsbury, 
 l)uilt a public house, tannery and saw mill and carried on an 
 extensive business. \\\ the north part of the town on what was 
 known for some years as the Miles place, Elisha Cheney kept 
 a tavern and store. 
 
 On the Common, early in the 19th century, Hon. Joseph 
 Estabrook built a house which was for many years a tavern, 
 where not only the stage coach made its daily visits, but the 
 driver, the teamster and the way-faring man enjoyed its hos- 
 pitalities, and the Senior Joseph Estabrook was the host, and 
 an honored type of ye olden time landlord. Near the south 
 end of the Common was another tavern which stood on the site 
 of the present Congregational parsonage. 
 
 STAGE COACHES 
 
 The first mail conveyance that Royalston liad was on the 
 route established in 1812 from Worcester to Kcene, N. H., and 
 the carrier was Jonathan Pierce of Royalston, who at first made 
 weekly trips over the road in an old "one horse shay," which 
 
462 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 was said to be of the same pattern as the "Deacon's One Horse 
 Shay," and nearly as venerable in appearance. Mr. Pierce 
 was in this service nearly twenty years and was as regular as 
 the sun in his rounds. He is described as a large man of fine 
 physique, quite companionable, of a social turn and calcu- 
 lated to win friends, a host of which he had on his route. He 
 was succeeded by a line of stage coaches put on by Russell 
 Wheeler and Jonas Forristall of Royalston, about 1830. This 
 enterprise was tried a few years, Vjut with indifferent success 
 and was finally given up, and Benoni Ballou of Richmond, con- 
 tinued the carrying of the mail from Royalston to Keene, on 
 the same line with a horse and wagon for several years. Besides 
 carrying some passengers he did errands, now called express 
 business. About 1835 another line of stages for carrying the 
 mail was run under management of Ginery Twitchell, the 
 famous stage coach driver and manager, which continued until 
 about the time of the building of the Vermont & Massachusetts 
 railroad, when the daily mail route over this line ceased, and 
 the days of the old stage coach were passed. The poet expresses 
 the feelings of many when he says: 
 
 "Oh, the days are gone when the merry horn 
 Awakened the echoes of smiling morn, 
 As, breaking the slumber of village street, 
 The foaming leaders galloping feet 
 Told of the rattling, swift approach 
 Of the well-appointed old stage coach." 
 
CHAPTER XXI 
 
 OLD CUSTOMS AND PRACTICES 
 
 Col. Josiah H. Benton in his book "Warning Out in New 
 England," says: "No people can break from their past. Bands 
 of custom and heredity, invisible as they may be at times to 
 all but close students of history, bind every generation of men 
 to their historic past. The fundamental principles of the laws 
 and customs of the people of New England can be traced step 
 by step to the laws and customs of ancient England and Ger- 
 many and even to the remote villages of the Aryan East." 
 
 The early record books of Royalston contain the doings and 
 votes of the town regarding many of these now obsolete cus- 
 toms. The custom of "Warning Out," as it was called, was one 
 of these. The right of inhabitancy, sometimes called the free- 
 tlom of the community, existed in the Teutonic townships. 
 Palgrave says: "The earliest notices respecting the Teutonic 
 townships are to be collected from the laws of the Salic Franks. 
 A "villa" was entirely the property of the inhabitants, and no 
 stranger could settle within its boundaries unless with the 
 consent of the whole incorporation. The right of the towns 
 to exclude from inhabitancy within their limits was undoubtedly 
 exercised in the New England colonies of New Plymouth, 
 Massachusetts Bay, Connecticut and even in Rhode Island. 
 The increase of population and the desire of persons to move 
 from one place to another in the colony, however, began to 
 make it practically impossible to enforce the rights of towns 
 to exclude new comers from inhabitancy by physically pre- 
 venting them from coming in, or removing them if they did 
 come into the town. New persons came into the different 
 towns and resided therein, and they were entertained, not- 
 withstanding the laws against it, so that the towns became 
 liab'e to the support of persons whom they did not actually 
 admit by vote of the inhabitants or action of the town authori- 
 ties. In this state of affairs, relief was given to the towns by 
 legislation, authorizing them to warn new comers to depart 
 from the towns and providing, that, if they were so warned, 
 their subsequent living in the town should not make them in- 
 
^^^ HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 habitants entitled to support in case of poverty. In Novem- 
 ber, 1692, an act was passed specially providing for warning per- 
 sons who might come into a town to leave it, and for a record 
 of the names of such persons, and a warning to them in court. 
 Warning out was practiced generally by the Massachusetts and 
 Plymouth towns under this legislation down to the Act of 
 Settlement of 1793, when an act was passed repealing all laws 
 as to town settlements and providing how settlements should 
 be thereafter gained, and with this went all provisions 
 for warning out of town, and no such warning has since existed 
 in Massachusetts. The returns of warnings out from the dif- 
 ferent towns in Worcester county from 1737 to 1788, on the 
 records of the Court show that 6,7fi4 persons were thus warned 
 out from forty different towns during that period. In some of 
 the towns, it is said, a large proportion of the inhabitants ap- 
 pear in the list of persons warned, and many of them became 
 prominent citizens in the towns. 
 
 Among these "Warnings Out" on the Royalston record-^ 
 are the following: 
 "WORCESTER, SS. 
 
 To either of the Comtables of the Town of Royalstcn in the 
 County of Worcester GREETING: 
 
 In the name of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts 
 you are directed to warn and give notice unto James 
 Bellows, laborer, the widow Sarah Bran, William Foster and 
 Hannah his wife, Jeremiah Woodcock and wife and children, 
 Asa Flagg, wife and children, Silas Chubb, wife and children; — 
 who have lately come into this town of Royalston for the pur- 
 pose of abiding therein, not having obtained the town's consent, 
 therefor, that they depart the limits of this town with their 
 children within fifteen days from the date hereof. And of 
 this precept with your doings thereon, you are to make return 
 into the office of the Town Clerk of the Town of Royalston 
 in twenty days next coming; that such further proceedings 
 may be had in the premises as the law directs. Given under 
 our hands and seals this 25th day of May 1791. 
 
 JOHN FRYE, 
 PEL ATI AH METCALF, 
 S. HEMENWAY, 
 PETER WOODBURY, 
 SAMUEL GODDARD, 
 
 Selectmen. 
 
OLD MANNERS AND CUSTOMS 465 
 
 Tithing Men. There was one officer who during- religious ser- 
 vices stood next to the minister, in importance if not in rank; an 
 officer who was partly constable and partly a corrector of public 
 manners and mor ils. That was the tithing man. H s duties were 
 on Sundaj', and it was his business to prevent all driving except 
 of those who were going to church; and in the meeting house, 
 it would be a mistake to suppose that he was a superfluous 
 church ornament, for it was his special province to look after 
 the sleepers and the boys. The prayers were sometimes long, 
 and so were the sermons, and not unfrequently, but especially 
 on a hot day their soporific qualities were such as to put some 
 of the company to sleep. Then the tithing man went around 
 vigorously poking the male snorers with his tithing rod. At 
 every annual March town meeting two or three of these officers 
 were elected. It would seem that there came a time, early in 
 the nineteenth century when the laws relating to the Sabbath 
 were being disregarded and violated, for we find that a town 
 meeting was called for Nov. 7, 1814, at which the only business 
 was, "to see what measures the Town will take respecting 
 inforcing the laws of this Commonwealth relating to the due 
 observance of the Sabbath, whether by choosing additional 
 tything men or committee, or act anything thereon." Under 
 that article the town chose Deacon Amos Jones, Jr., Deacon 
 Levi Thurston, John Eaton, Samuel Bliss, Stephen Holman, 
 David Taft, John Chamberlain and Deacon Benjamin Allen, 
 tything men. 
 
 Pounds. Another institution formerly found in every 
 New England town, now obsolete in most towns, was the Pound 
 for confining stray cattle. Sir Henry Maine says: — "There is 
 nothing of greater antiquity in England than the village pound, 
 it is older than the King's bench and probably older than the 
 kingdom. One of the first things that our ancestors did after 
 their incorporation was to erect a pound. At a town meeting 
 held in Royalston May 2, 1796, it was voted under one of the 
 articles "to build a Pound the present year 25 feet square and 
 6 1-2 feet high." 
 
 The Town of Shutesbury in Franklin County, utilized their 
 Pound at one time by confining their minister Rev. Abraham 
 Hill in the public pound and forced him, it is said, to live upon 
 herrings thrown to him over the fence. Upon the l)reaking 
 out of the Revolution it was discovered that Mr. Hill was a 
 
466 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 strong royalist and a committee chosen to discourse with him 
 concerning his views, reported that they had been unable to 
 make him see things in their own light; he was requested to 
 resign and his salary was discontinued. He not only declined 
 to resign but adhered still more strongly to his political prin- 
 ciples; hence his imprisonment in the town pound. 
 
 Perambulation of Town Bounds is another custom that has 
 come down to us from our English ancestry, and to this day 
 the law requires that the town lines be perambulated at stated 
 times. The English custom since the time of Elizabeth made 
 it obligatory once a year; and the substantial men of the parish 
 and the boys of the parochial school turned out and walked over 
 the bounds, while the parish beadle and the curate in his cossack 
 read from the psalm, ^'Cursed be he which translateth the 
 bounds and doles of his neighbors." Somet'mes the boys were 
 flogged in order to impress the precise locality of the land mark 
 on their memories. This work is now done by the selectmen 
 of the several towns. 
 
 Sealer of Weights and Measures. The sealing of weights 
 and measures is an old English custom; the government of 
 England made regulations in regard to weights and measures 
 long before the time of Magna Charta; and as early as the 
 time of Henry VIII, Parliament introduced the system of send- 
 ing weights and measures to the chief officers of the town to be 
 proved. 
 
 At a town meeting held Nov. 8, 1779, it was "Voted to have 
 a set of Weights and Measures provided for a Town Standard," 
 and a Sealer of Weights and Measures is now a town official 
 either elected at town meeting or appointed by the selectmen. 
 
SOUTH ROYALSTON PARK 
 
 FITCHBURG RAILROAD STATION, SOUTH ROYALSTON 
 
SOUTH ROYALSTON 
 
 CHAPTER XXII 
 DESCRIPTIVE AND INDUSTRIAL 
 
 The territory now comprised in the village of South Royals- 
 ton was originally a part of Athol and Gerry and became a part 
 of Royalston in 1799 and 1803. Located in the extreme south- 
 east corner of the town four miles from the Centre and the seat 
 of local town government, this village has been a community by 
 itself almost as much as a separate town, in its social relations, 
 its churches, schools and business, many of the people going to 
 the Centre only at the annual town meetings and on some great 
 event or celebration, and in treating of the families, churches, 
 business and organizations of South Royalston it would seem 
 most fitting and appropriate that they should be described to- 
 gether as a community instead of forming a part of the general 
 history of the town. 
 
 Here Millers River makes a bend as it comes from Winchen- 
 don, and for a mile or more flows through this corner of Royals- 
 ton furnishing water-power for the manufacturing plants that 
 have made this the active and enterprising industrial village 
 that it has been for more than three quarters of a centurj'. Situ- 
 ated in the narrow river valley, the homes of the people are built 
 from the river and railroad up the sloping hillside on either hand 
 to the higher lands above, from which locations, fine views are 
 obtained of the winding river and country around. 
 
 So far as we are al)le to ascertain the first person to develop 
 the water power of what is now South Royalston, was one Ben- 
 jamin Blanchard, who in 1785 purchased of Josiah Wait, one acre 
 and sixteen rods of land lying along Millers River. This land was 
 then in Athol and Benjamin Blanchard is described as being a 
 millwright of Athol. The Royalston Memorial of 1865 says 
 that he built the first saw mill in South Rovalston near the S. S. 
 
468 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 Farrar shop. He must have invested largely in South Royalston 
 land for the same account of him says that he owned a large 
 tract of land including most of what is now covered by South 
 Roj'alston Village and on nearly to Winchendon line. He was 
 quite a mechanical character; invented a wheel with a register 
 for measuring distances on the roads and was often seen testing 
 his wheel upon the highways. He died Oct. 17, 1808, at the age 
 of eighty-three years. In addition to a saw mill Mr. Blanchard 
 also built a grist mill, and sold other mill privileges to parties as 
 shown by a deed given by him to Edward Cambridge of Temple- 
 ton, dated Jan. 16, 1795, which gives the following description: 
 "A certain privilege on Millers River, so-called, southeast of said 
 Blanchard 's mills, for a fulling mill and a privilege of a shop and 
 tender lines on a piece of land east of land now belonging to 
 Josiah Wait, beginning at a stake and stones easterly fifteen 
 rods, northerly three rods, westerly fifteen rods to said Wait 
 land, on his line three rods, to the first bound mentioned N. B. 
 The said Cambridge is to build and keep in repair one-fifth part 
 of the dam or dams for said mills and not to obstruct the water 
 from the Grist Mill in a drought." - ■ 
 
 The Royalston Cotton and Wool Manufacturing Company 
 was incorporated by Chapter 114 of the Acts of 1812. The Act 
 reads as follows: "An Act to establish the Roj'alston Cotton and 
 Wool Manufacturing Company." 
 
 Sect. 1. Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Repre- 
 sentatives in General Court assembled, and by the authority 
 of the same. That Benjamin Davis, Isaiah Fairbanks, Eliphalet 
 Chase, Silas Hale, Francis Twichell, Daniel Fairbanks, Francis 
 Fletcher and Ebenezer Blanding together with such others as 
 have already or may hereafter associate and join with them, 
 their successors and assigns, be hereby made a corporation by 
 the name of the Royalston Cotton and Wool Manufacturing 
 Company, for the purpose of manufacturing cotton and wool 
 in the town of Royalston; and for that purpose, shall have all 
 the powers and privileges, and be subject to all the duties and 
 requirements contained in "An Act defining the general powers 
 and duties of manufacturing corporations," passed the third day 
 of March, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred 
 and nine. The Act allowed the corporation to hold and possess 
 real estate to the value of twenty thousand dollars, and personal 
 estate not exceeding the value of fifty thousand dollars. The 
 
WHITNEY STONE WOOLEN MILL, SOUTH ROYALSTON 
 
 Destroyed by Fire Aug. 20, 1892 
 
 OLD CHAIR SHOP OF COL. GEORGE WHITNEY AT SOUTH ROYALSTON 
 
CHAIR SHOP HANDS, SOUTH ROYALSTON, 1885 
 
DESCRIPTIVE AND INDUSTRIAI, 4(,9 
 
 Company erected a Mill on the site now occupied by the Mills 
 of the American Woolen Company. The business did not prove 
 to be a success, and the different members of the Company dis- 
 posed of their interests, until finally the whole property came in- 
 to the hands of Silas Coffin and Rufus Bullock. This Original 
 mill was burned in 1833 when Mr. Bullock became the sole pro- 
 prietor of the privilege and all the property belonging to it. In 
 1834 he built the stone mill; put in four sets of woolen machin- 
 ery and continued to run the business until his decease in 1858. 
 On the death of Mr. Bullock, George Whitney with Daniel Day 
 of Royalston, bought the mill, and for a few years carried on the 
 manufacture of cassimeres. After Mr. Day went out of the 
 business Rufus S. Frost of Boston, was associated with Mr. 
 Whitney, and after him James Phillips, Jr., of Fitchburg. From 
 1886 to 1889, Mr. Whitney was alone in the business, and with 
 his son, George E. Whitney, had the sole ownership and man- 
 agement of the establishment. The mill was totally destroyed 
 by fire on Aug. 20, 1892. At that time forty-five looms were 
 running, employing one hundred and seventy-five hands in the 
 manufacture of woolen cloths. 
 
 Two or three years before Rufus Bullock built the old stone 
 mill in 1834, Salmon S. Farrar came as a poor boy from Win- 
 chendon to South Royalston. At first he worked by the day for 
 J. M. Upham, and then commenced the manufacture of shoe- 
 pegs with Leonard Wheeler. Their business did not prove a 
 success, and they soon disposed of it, and in 1836 Mr. Farrar 
 built a shop and engaged in the manufacture of "nest" or dry 
 measures, boxes, sleds, etc., and as the business increased he 
 built additions to the shop and a saw mill, and for more than 
 forty years he carried on a flourishing business. 
 
 The quarter of a century commencing with 1833 witnessed 
 the rise of South Royalston from a little agricultural hamlet to 
 an enterprising manufacturing village. In 1833 when the first 
 woolen mill was burned. South Royalston contained ten dwelling 
 houses, a saw and grist mill and a factory in ashes. In 1865 when 
 Royalston celebrated its Centennial anniversary a new factory 
 had risen, surrounded by thronging mills, shops and business 
 operations, while two meeting-houses, two stores, a depot, public 
 house, livery stable and seventy-eight dwelling houses had put 
 South Royalston on the map as one of the most vigorous and 
 promising New England villages. Here were blended the two 
 
^■JQ HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 great powers of modern times, which control both business and 
 population — water power and the railroad. In 1847 the Vermont 
 and Massachusetts Railroad was liuilt through South Royals- 
 ton, and the first passenger train drawn by the locomotive 
 "Wm. Penn," went through the village on the 22d day of De- 
 cember, 1847, to Athol. There was some delay in opening the 
 road owing to an accident to the first train which consisted of 
 two cars loaded with forty tons of railroad iron that had been 
 sent from Baldwinville to Athol for the purpose of testing the 
 bridges, and which broke through what was known as the first 
 bridge between Royalston and Athol, causing the death of seven 
 persons, who were on the train and the destruction of the lo- 
 comotive "Athol." Soon after the opening of the road, Elisha F. 
 Brown was given the position of Station Master, which he held 
 until 1863 when he was appointed in charge of the Athol station. 
 
 Royalston attained its greatest population during the decade 
 from 1840 to 1850, and it was during this time that the manu- 
 facturing business of South Royalston was in a most flourishing 
 condition: The Rufus Bullock woolen mill was employing about 
 seventy-five hands; Salmon S. Farrar's wooden ware and lumber 
 business employed about twenty hands; the Whitmore & Bruce 
 saw mill and lumbering business close to the woolen mill was 
 purchased by George Whitney and was soon merged into a chair 
 shop, which gave employment to a good number of workmen; 
 Luther Harrington had a mill and manufactured pine furniture, 
 employing some ten hands; another shop occupied by Bemis & 
 Jones in the manufacture of shoe pegs in one part, had ten or 
 more workmen, while in the upper part of this building Beck- 
 with & Stockwell manufactured pine furniture, employing six or 
 eight men, and in another shop, close by the dam, the brush 
 wood and furniture business employed twelve hands or more. 
 At the time the Millers River Bank of Athol was organized, it 
 would have been located in South Royalston if Rufus Bullock 
 would have consented to take the office of P.resident of the 
 bank, and Hiram Albee, who married Mr. Bullock's daughter, 
 was slated for cashier; Albee had a store, was the village post- 
 master and Trial Justice, and used to hold court in the school 
 house on the hill. 
 
 Only a few years after Salmon S. Farrar can.e to South 
 Royalston, another poor boy, Caleb W. Day, came from War- 
 wick, Mass., walkin:>; from his home, a distance of fourteen 
 
MERCANTILE AND INDUSTRIAL 471 
 
 miles, with all his belongings done up in a bandana handkerchief, 
 and went to work in the woolen mill, After about five years he 
 engxged in the manufacture of shoe pegs with others, and in 1862 
 bought out the whole business, later he bought out the pine 
 furniture business of Beckwith & Stockwell, and was also en- 
 gaged n the brush wood business, under the firm name of Up- 
 ham & Day. He was engaged in manufacturing in South Roy- 
 alston until 1884, when his shops were destroyed by fire. 
 
 Royalston's only manufacturing business of any extent 
 is that of the American Woolen Company, which is located on 
 the same site as was first occupied by the Royalston Cotton 
 & Wool Manufacturing- Company in 1812. The plant was tak- 
 en over by the x'\merican Woolen Company in 1908. and dur- 
 ing the general depression of business that occurred about 
 that time the mills were idle about two 3'ears. In 1910, the 
 Company made extensive additions to their plant, erecting 
 buildings on the south side of the river, about two hundred 
 and thirty feet in length, which with the mills on the north 
 side of the river, some two hundred and fifty feet in length, 
 forms a plant of large dimensions. This was equipped with a 
 complete manufacturing outfit of seventy-five looms. It was 
 run a year on fancy suitings, when the i)roduct of the mill was 
 changed over to bed blankets, which are now being manufac- 
 tured by the Company in large quantity and of a fine quality. 
 The plant is now equipped with nine sets of cards, has 2976 
 spindles and 82 looms. The mill at the present time (1916) is 
 being run to its full capacity, and is now employing one hun- 
 dred and fifty hands. This is only one of a large number of 
 plants of the American Woolen Company, of which William 
 M. Wood is president, and Samuel R. Haines is superintend- 
 ent of the woolen division. The managers of the local plant 
 are J. J. Henderson, agent, and J. H. Henderson, superin- 
 tendent. 
 
CHAPTER XXIII 
 CHURCHES OF SOUTH ROYALSTON 
 
 SECOND CONGREGATIONAL CHURCH 
 
 The Second Congregational Church of Royalston was 
 organized Feb. 22, 1837, with twenty-four original members, and 
 was located in the village of South Royalston. 
 
 Governor Bullock in his Centennial address refers as 
 follows to this church: 
 
 "In 1837 a Second Congregational Church was organized 
 at South Royalston, in a large degree by amicable dis- 
 missal from the first. The quite rapid modern growth of 
 that village under the stimulation of its water power on 
 Miller's River had rendered essential better local conveniences 
 for religious fellowship and worship. 
 
 "And now again the dying counsels of Father Lee, the 
 counsels of peace, ruled the hour; and the first parish with 
 Mr. Perkins, its pastor, co-operated heartily in the enterprise." 
 
 The church building, was erected in 1837 and cost S6,481. 
 Luther Harrington was the architect and boss carpenter of 
 the building, which was occupied in 1838 free of debt. The 
 floor of the porch was one slab of granite forty feet long and 
 six feet wide, was quarried in a ledge a mile distant and 
 moved in two days with twelve yoke of oxen. 
 
 There were many generous and self-sacrificing givers to 
 the church, one Silas Hale mortgaging his large farm to meet 
 his share of the building fund. The first pastor of the church 
 was Rev. J. F. Stone who only served during 1837 and 1838. 
 The second pastor was Rev. S. H. Peckham who served from 
 1838 to 1844; he was a prominent minister of the denomina- 
 tion in the State and was identified with the Abolition party. 
 There have been three hundred and ninety members of the 
 church since its organization, and thirty-eight acting pastors, 
 of whom twenty-five served one year or more. The longest 
 pastorates have been those of Rev. Francis J. Fairbanks, the 
 last pastor, for seven years and three months, Rev. S. H. Peck- 
 
SECOND CONGREGATIONAL CHURCH 4^3 
 
 ham, the second pastor from 1838 to 1844, and Rev. Walter Rice 
 from 1868 to 1874. During the pastorate of Rev. Charles Kendall, 
 1854-6, fifty-eight persons united with the church. The 
 largest membership was in 1878, during the pastorate of 
 Rev. C. L. Twomblin, when there were 124 members. 
 
 There have been seven clerks and ten deacons. 
 
 Hon. Rufus Bullock on his death in 1858 remembered this 
 church in his will, the Fifteenth clause of which reads as 
 follows: "I give and bequeath to the Second Congregational 
 Society of Royalston, at South Royalston, so called, the sum of 
 twenty-five hundred dollars ($2500) to be held as a fund, 
 the income of which shall be appropriated annually or 
 semi-annually to the support of Gospel preaching in said 
 Society; and it is my will that a committee, to be chosen by 
 said Society, for such purpose, shall act in concurrence with 
 my Executors in the investing of said sum, provided, 
 that whenever, if ever, said Society shall fail to support 
 preaching, or to maintain a regularly organized Society at 
 South Royalston, or whenever, if evei-, that part of Royalston 
 now known as South Royalston, shall be set ofT from said 
 town of Royalston, then this sum of twenty-five hundred 
 dollars shall revert to and be paid over to my children or 
 their heirs by right of representation." 
 
 The church building was destroyed by fire Oct. 25, 1904. 
 Although the Church and Society were small in numbers, 
 they were not easily discouraged, for it was only about a 
 month after the fire that a meeting was held at which the 
 prospects of rebuilding were discussed; indeed it was only a 
 few days after the fire that the first contribution to rebuild 
 the church was received. It consisted of one dollar, and 
 came from a lady 86 years old, Mrs. H. T. Day, to whom 
 the amount given meant more than one hundred dollars 
 would to many. 
 
 All that there was with which to commence operations 
 for rebuilding was the insurance on the old church build- 
 ing amounting to $2000. With this as a nucleus the work 
 of raising money for the erection of a new church edifice 
 was begun, and with the generous contributions of sister 
 churches, of former members of the old church scattered in 
 various places, and the self-sacrificing efforts of the little 
 
^J4- HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 company of church members, a sufficient amount was raised 
 to begin operations, and the result was that in a little less 
 than two years from the time of the fire, on Sept. Uth, 
 1906, was dedicated one of the prettiest and best planned 
 little churches in this part of the State. The building with its 
 furnishings cost a little upward of $6000 , and it was dedicated 
 free of debt. The building which has a seating capacity of 
 about two hundred, is forty by sixty feet in size, and is 
 lighted by electricity, and furnished tastefully. Twelve 
 beautiful memorial windows in memory of members who have 
 passed away bear the names of Silas Hale, Deacon Jonas M. 
 Turner, Sarah Nourse Harrington, Deacon Luther Harrington, 
 Matilda Blood Upham, John M. Upham, Homer T. Rice, 
 Bertha A. Rice, Deacon Aaron Jones, Mary A. Jones, Dr. 
 Henry O. Adams, Roby R. Safford, Orissa W. Safford, 
 Jeremiah A. Rich and J. Angeline Townsend. The executive 
 building committee having charge of the work consisted of 
 Everard B. Hanson, chairman, LlLridge C. Twichell and 
 Caleb W. Day. 
 
 The dedication services were attended by a large gather- 
 ing of the townspeople and many from Athol, Gardner, 
 Baldwinville, Winchendon, Worcester, Fitchburg and other 
 places. The exercises opened with an organ prelude by the 
 organist, Mrs. Addie Beals, followed by the doxology and the 
 invocation by Rev. W. L. Muttart of Phillipston, anthem 
 by the choir, reading of the Scriptures by Rev. John C. Eyers 
 of Keene, N. H., a former pastor, and prayer by Rev. Mr. 
 Muttart. Mrs. Nellie E. Tottingham sang a solo. The 
 address of the forenoon was by Rev. B. S. Oilman of Gardner, 
 and was followed by a duet by Fred Sherwin of Temple, N. H. 
 and Robert Sherwin of Cambridge. The act of dedication 
 was performed by Rev. Samuel Holden, the congregation 
 all standing, and the prayer of dedication was by Rev. F. J. 
 Fairbanks of Royalston Centre. The communion was cele- 
 brated by Rev. B. S. Gilman, assisted by Rev. J. A. Bates. 
 This, with the benediction, closed the exercises of the forenoon. 
 At one o'clock a dinner was served in Whitney Hall, to 
 which about two hundred sat down. 
 
 At 2.30 o'clock the afternoon services began. 
 The invocation was by Rev. Walter Rice of Agawam, 
 who was a pastor of the church thirty-two years before. 
 
SECOND CONGREGATIONAL CHURCH 475 
 
 A quartet consisting of Mrs. Nellie E. Tottingham, Mrs. 
 Flora Drury, Fred H. Sherwin and Robert Sherwin sang 
 "The Lord is my Shepherd." Rev. Walter Rice read Scrip- 
 ture selections, Rev. Mr. Jones of Winchendon Centre offered 
 prayer and Fred Sherwin sang "Fear Not, O Israel." This 
 was followed by addresses by Rev. Richard Peters of Bald- 
 winville, and Rev C. C. Merrill of Winchendon, the latter 
 bringing the official greetings of the sister churches of the 
 conference. 
 
 The pastors of the church with their term of service are 
 as follows: Rev. J. F. Stone, 1837 to 1838; Rev. S. H. Peckham 
 1838 to 1844; Rev. S. D. Darling, 1844 to 1846; Rev. J. H 
 M. Leland, 1847 to 1849; Rev. T. Goodyear, 1849 to 1854 
 Rev. Charles Kendall, 1854 to 1856: Rev. J. W. Healey 
 1856 to 1857; Rev. E. Seabury, 1858 to 1862; Rev. F. D 
 Austin, 1863 to 1867; Pev. Walter Rice, 1868 to 1874; Rev 
 J. L. Merrill, 1874 to 1875: Rev. E. G. Stone, 1875 to 1878 
 Rev. C. L. Twomllin, 1878 to 1881; Rev. P. F. Barnard 
 1881 to 1883; Rev. H. M. Holmes, 1883 to 1884; Rev. F. B 
 Knowlton, 1885 to 1886; Rev. E. J. Beach, 1887 to 1890 
 Rev. J. W. Hird, 1890 to 1894; Rev. G. E. Chapin, 1894 to 
 1895; Rev. John Eyers, 1895 to 1898; Rev. James A. Bates, 
 1898 to 1903; Rev. G. W. Lawrence, 1903 to 1904; Rev. W. 
 P. Clancy, 1904 to 1906; Rev. Samuel Holden, 1906 to 1908. 
 Rev. Francis J. Fairbanks commenced his pastorate in 1908, 
 after a pastorate of sixteen years at the First Congregational 
 Church, Royalston Centre, and finished his labors as pastor at 
 the close of 1916, a term of seven j^ears and three months, 
 which was the longest pastorate in the history of the church. 
 There was added to the church during this time twenty-nine 
 members, most of them on confession of faith. The present 
 membership is sixty, thirty seven resident and twenty three 
 nou resident. 
 
 Rev. James A. Bates, who was pastor from 1898 to 1903, 
 after his retirement from his pastorate made South Royalston 
 his home until his death in 1916. 
 
 The bell which hangs in the belfry of the church has this 
 inscription : "This bell contains the remnants of the old bell des- 
 troyed by fire Oct. 2\ 1904, given to the Second Congregational 
 Society of Royalston, Mass., in memory of Colonel George 
 Whitney, by his son, George E. Whitney, 1906." 
 
y7<5 HISTORY OF ROY ALSTON 
 
 THE METHODIST CHURCH OF 
 SOUTH ROYALSTON 
 
 The first sermon ever preached in South Royalston by a 
 Methodist Episcopal Itinerant was preached by Rev. Ebenezer 
 F. Newell about the year 1826 or '27 in the old schoolhouse. 
 The next Methodist preaching was by Enoch Bradley. He 
 commenced in the autumn of 1829 while stationed at the 
 Winchendon and Ashburnham Circuit. Bro. Bradley's preach- 
 ing was attended with much effect. He was then engaged in 
 a revival of religion then in progress in the town of Phillips- 
 ton; this was the commencement of Methodism in that place. 
 He preached at the schoolhouse in South Royalston once in 
 two weeks for several months, evening appointments. At 
 first the house was crowtled with attentive hearers, and the 
 prospects bid fair for a glorious work, but by this time Rev. 
 Ebenezer Perkins, the Congregational clergyman of the middle 
 of the town became much alarmed, visited much from house 
 to house and infused much of his own spirit into the people 
 telling them that if they did not want to have the Methodists 
 get a foothold in the place they must not attend their meetings. 
 
 This course succeeded so well that at the next meeting the 
 schoolhouse was fastened up by some person unknown to man. 
 A few true friends came to the meeting, the house was 
 entered by a window, the door unfastened, and services held, 
 but an effectual stop was put upon the prospective revival. 
 Among the few who became interested at this time were three 
 young men who afterwards became ministers, two Methodists 
 and one Baptist. Joseph W. Lewis became a member of the 
 New England Conference and Lorenzo W. Blood of the 
 Providence Conference, and Andrew Dunn, pastor of the 
 Baptist Church at New Boston. Brothers Lewis and Blood 
 were the only representatives of Methodism in South Royal- 
 ston for five years. In those days the house of Timothy 
 Lewis was the only place where Methodist preachers were 
 invited. 
 
 In the winter of 1834 or '35 Bro. Horace Moulton, then 
 stationed at Winchendon and Phillipston, commenced labor- 
 ing in the east part of the town known as City district. 
 A small revival attended his labors and a promising class 
 was formed, numbering sixteen persons. Thus Methodism 
 
THE METHODIST CHURCH 477 
 
 was formally organized in South Royalston. Bro. J. W. 
 Lewis was the first class leader ever appointed in South 
 Royalston, and soon after his appointment joined the New 
 England Conference. He was followed by Oliver Hubbard, 
 Ammi Stock well, Paul Peirce and Uri Day. 
 
 In 1836 0. Wilder Marcy and S. Pike were appointed to 
 the old Winchendon circuit and preached about once in two 
 weeks in the City district. In 1837 and '38 Richard Linsey 
 was stationed at Winchendon and preached in South Royal- 
 ston only once in four weeks. 
 
 From 1839 to 1843 Messrs. Spaulding, Gushing and Bates 
 who were stationed at Winchendon during those years preached 
 once a month at the City district and South Royalston. 
 
 In the month of April 1843 Ammi Stockwell circulated 
 the first subscription paper for Methodist preaching that had 
 ever been circulated in South Royalston for this purpose. 
 
 At the next session of the New England Conference Rev. 
 W. Smith was appointed to South Royalston and Templeton 
 and meetings were held in the schoolhouse. Again an attempt 
 was made to keep Methodism out of South Royalston. A 
 paper was signed and circulated to turn the Methodists out 
 of the schoolhouse, but the project failed. In 1844-45 
 Charles Haywood, a local preacher from Gill, was employed 
 by the church. The first year of Mr. Haywood's labors a 
 ^ite for a new church was purchased for $625, Jonathan 
 Stockwell, Ira Day, Timothy Lewis and Freeman Stockwell 
 payirg for the lot. 
 
 At the second Quarterly Conference of 1846, "The ex- 
 pedior.ce of building a Meeting House being introduced and 
 discussed it was voted that there be a Church Meeting called 
 on Monday Aug. 31st., the object of which shall be to con- 
 verse together on the practicability of building a Meeting 
 House, and the propriety of holding a grove meeting." 
 We find no record of the meeting of Aug. 31, but at the 3d. 
 Quarterly Conference held Nov. 23, 1846 we find it recorded 
 that, "Bro. Olds of Ashburnham who had been previously 
 employed by the Society to draft a model for a Meeting 
 House being prcsenc at this stage of the Conference exhibited 
 his plans and draft together with an estimate of what the 
 expense of building would be. A vote was passed approving 
 the general i-lan as drafted by Brother Olds. The meeting 
 
4.J8 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 house as voted was built during the year 1847 at a cost of 
 two thousand five hundred and fifty dollars. 
 
 Rev. Pliny Wood was appointed as pastor of the church 
 in 1846 and re-appointed in 1847. At this time the number 
 of members in full connection was thirty-five. 
 
 On the 13th of July the frame of the church was raised 
 with appropriate religious services and on the 17th of 
 January 1848 was dedicated, the sermon being preached 
 by Rev. James Porter, Presiding Elder, from Acts, 28th 
 chapter, 22d verse. The Sunday school this year numbered 
 about sixty. 
 
 The following Brethren were appointed I^y the Presiding 
 Elder to the oflfice of Trustees in the church: Jonathan 
 Stockwell, Ammi Stockwell, Alexander Webster, Timothy 
 Lewis, Freeman Stockwell, — Day, Uri Day, John Turner and 
 Ainsworth Knight. 
 
 The pastors following Rev. Mr. Wood were: Rev. David 
 Kilburn, 1848, Rev. Wm. F. La Count, 1849, '50, Rev. 
 Jonathan L. Estey, 1851, '52, Rev. Asa Barnes, 1853, '54, 
 Rev. Joseph Woodbury, 1855, Rev. Jarvis Wilson, 1856, 
 Rev. James Tucker, 1857, Rev. Albert Gould, 1858, Rev. 
 James Geratt and Rev. E. D. Winslow, 1859, Rev. Porter M. 
 Vinton, 1860, Rev. T. C. Potter, 1861, '62, Rev. Mr. Carter, 
 1863, Rev. F. Marsh and Rev. Phil Gorton, 1864, Rev. T. W. 
 Lewis and Rev. B. M. Smith, 1865, Rev. Wm. Merrill, 1866, 
 Rev. Mr. Bassett, 1869, Rev. E. A. Howard, 1870, Rev. N. 
 F. Stevens, 1871, Rev. John Oldham, 1872, Rev. E. P. Gibbs, 
 1873, '74, Rev. Mr. Price, 1875, Rev. Charies Haywood, 1878, 
 Rev. William Ferguson, 1878, Rev. Wm. G. Grant, 1879, Rev. 
 F. S. Rogers, 1880, '81, Rev. P. K. Stratton, 1882, '83, Rev. 
 Arthur A. Graves, 1884, Rev. Mr. Hobbs, 1885 and Rev. Mr. 
 Bessie, 1886. 
 
 There was no regular preaching for several years and in 
 1892 the remaining members of the South Royalston Church 
 were transferred to the Phillipston and Athol churches. 
 
 CATHOLIC CHURCH 
 
 R. J. J. McCoy in his History of the Diocese of Spring- 
 field in "The Catholic Church in New England" published in 
 
THE CATHOLIC CHURCH 479 
 
 1899, says of the Catholics of this section of Massachusetts: 
 "Father Fitton says with the building of the Boston & 
 Albany Railroad west the Irish came to the towns along the 
 line, and to some of the neighboring towns, among which he 
 named Templeton." There must have been CathoHcs in 
 Otter River in 1837, for whom Father Fitton had a "station." 
 Father Gibson who was pastor at Worcester in 1851, and had 
 charge of Fitchburg and surrounding towns, said mass in the 
 house of Patrick O'Brien which stood near the foundry in 
 Otter River. Father Gibson celebrated mass in Mr. O'Brien's 
 house at intervals of once every three months until 1854, with 
 the exception of two occasions, on one of which mass was 
 said in the woods, and at another time in a little school- 
 house on the Winchendon Road. 
 
 In 1853 Father Gibson began the building of St. Martin's 
 Church. It was dedicated in 1854 and the first mass was 
 said therein by Father Gibson. A cross was put upon the 
 church before the dedication, and a short time afterwards 
 the cross was cut down by the Know Nothings. 
 
 With the spring of 1855 Rev. Edward Turpin came as 
 curate, and mass was said more frequently. From February 
 to the June of 1857 mass was celebrated every fortnight in 
 St. Martin's Church. In January 1856 Rev. Edward Turpin 
 became pastor at Fitchburg and his brother Father Henry 
 Turpin said mass every fortnight at Otter River. 
 
 The people increased in numbers so rapidly that in 1864 Otter 
 River was made a parish by itself and Rev. Thomas H. Bannon 
 became the resident pastor. He had charge of Otter River ani.1 
 the surrounding country. He said mass every second Sunday, 
 the alternate Sunday being given to the Missions. He was 
 transferred to Blackstone in 1867,' and May 11th of that year 
 Rev. William Orr came as his successor. The Parish Mission 
 then embraced Otter River, Ashburnham, Hubbardston, 
 Royalston, Westminster, Petersham, Orange and Gardner. 
 Father Orr was succeeded June 4, 1869 by Rev. Richard P. 
 Donovan, who in turn was followed in 1870 by Rev, Patrick 
 McManus. In August 1871 Rev. Charles McManus came as 
 his successor. 
 
 The pastors since then have been Rev. Robert Walsh, 
 Rev. Thomas F. Murphy, Rev. Thomas Reynolds, Rev. James 
 Norris, Rev. Thomas E. Purcell, Rev. James Prendergast, 
 
480 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 Rev. James J. Ho\vard, Rev. T. C. O'Connor and Rev. P. 
 J. Meehan who has been the pastor since 1908. We are 
 giving to some extent the history of the Otter River Church, 
 as it has been the church home of the Cathohcs of Royalston 
 for more than half a century. 
 
 Father Gibson reported three hundred railroad men at 
 South Royalston in 1846, the most of whom were Catholics. 
 
 Father John F. Lehy of Holy Cross College, Worcester 
 says "The Catholics in South Royalston were attended by 
 Father Gibson of Worcester and Father Turpin of Fitchburg 
 and went to mass in Otter River." He says that when he 
 was a boy there was about a dozen families in South Royal- 
 ston who were Catholics besides the mill help. His father, 
 Geoffrey Lehy, was one of the first Catholics in South Royal- 
 ston, and he remembers that Father Turpin held services at 
 his home, as did Father Welch and Father Bannon. 
 
CHAPTER XXIV 
 
 SONS OF SOUTH ROYALSTON 
 
 There are Sons of South Royalston, who have gone out 
 from this little country village and attained distinction and 
 prominence in the various pi-ofessions and callings that they 
 chose for their life's work. We shall in these pages tell 
 something of what they have accomplished. 
 
 WILLIAM CLARK PECKHAM 
 
 William Clark Peckham, who has attained distinction as 
 a physicist and educator, was born at South Royalston, 
 Aug. 13, 1841, a son of Samuel Rowland and Sarah (Clark) 
 Peckham. Kis father, the second minister of the Congrega- 
 tional churcli of South Royalston, belonged to the Petersham, 
 Mass., branch of the Peckhams, and was born in 
 Petersham, Sept. 19, 1793 and died in Westminster, Mass., 
 Jan. 23, 1864. His mother, Sarah Clark, was the daughter of 
 Eliezer and Sarah Clark of Easthampton, Mass. 
 
 William Clark Peckham received his preparatory education 
 at the Lawrence Academy, Groton, Mass. from 1860-63. 
 During this period from 1861-62 he served as a private in the 
 23d regiment Massachusetts volunteers at Roanoke Island and 
 Newbern, N. C. Entering Amherst College, he was graduated 
 A. B. in 1867, and A. M. in 1870. In 1871-72 he took 
 special studies at the Union Theological Seminary, in New 
 York City. After his collegiate course he taught, 1867-68 as 
 principal of Leicester Academy, Mass., and 1868-70 Williston 
 Seminary, at Easthampton, Mass. During 1870-71 he trav- 
 elled around the world. On his return he commenced his 
 educational work in Brooklyn, N. Y. in Lockwood's Academy, 
 now Adelphi College, where he is still professor of physics. 
 Professor Peckham is prominent in Brooklyn educational 
 circles, a beloved and inspiring teacher and very successful 
 in bringing scientific subjects before popular audiences. 
 He has been for many years a contributor to papers and 
 periodicals, among others the Atnerican Electrical World, the 
 
4S2 HISTORY OF ROY ALSTON 
 
 Electrical Engineer and Century Magazine. He has been 
 connected with the Scientific American since 1897. He is a 
 fellow of the Brooklyn Institute of Arts and Sciences, and 
 president of its department of photography, and of the 
 American Association for the Advancement of Science. He is 
 also an associate member of the American Institute of Electri- 
 cal Engineers. Professor Peckham is one of the most success- 
 ful investigators of the X-ray phenomena in the United 
 States, and is considered an authority on the subject of 
 liquid air, both as an investigator and lecturer. Professor 
 Peckham was married in Kingston, Mass., Jan. 1, 1868 to 
 Katalena, daughter of John and Maria (Kellogg) Whittier. 
 They have one daughter, Clara Isabel (Peckham) Pashley. 
 
 Professor Peckham, in a letter to the author, thus de- 
 scribes his father's family in South Royalston: "My father 
 and mother had six children, my next older brother and 
 myself being born in Royalston. He, Samuel H. Peckham, Jr. 
 is still alive. My brother, John Smith Peckham, is also 
 living in Fort Worth, Texas. We three were all in the 
 service, 1861-65 in Mass. Regiments. John has lived in the 
 South ever since the war. The first negro I ever saw was in 
 the kitchen at Royalston one evening, sitting by the side of 
 the stove. I was hustled off to bed quickly. In the morning 
 he was gone. My father was in the 'Underground Railroad' 
 and transmitted his man in the night to the minister cf 
 Ashburnham or At hoi, on his way to Canada and freedom. 
 It is not strange that three of the four sons enlisted in the 
 first year of the war. We had it in the blood. I think that 
 father would have driven us out if we had not gone of our 
 own volition. And there were many such families." 
 
 CHESTER TWITCHELL STOCKWELL 
 
 One of the most distinguished sons of Royalston, who was 
 recognized in his profession, by his brother members, as a 
 leader, and one of the most prominent members of that 
 profession, and who by his investigations and writings 
 attained a reputation not merely local, but national and even 
 international, was Chester Twitchell Stockwell. 
 
SONS OF SOUTH ROYALSTON 483 
 
 He was born in Royalston Sept. 5, 1841, a son of Emmons 
 and Elvira (Wood) Stockwell. He attended the common and 
 high schools of Royalston and Winchendon, Mass., and a 
 business college in Poughkeepsie, N. Y. He was engaged in 
 commercial pursuits from 1863 to 1867 and afterwards in 
 newspaper work on the Iowa State Register and other papers 
 in Iowa. He also studied medicine for a short time, and then 
 engaged in the study of dentistry, beginning his professional 
 career as a dentist in Des Moines, the capital city of Iowa, in 
 1872, After three or four years his health failed utterly and 
 he was compelled to seek a new country. He located in 
 Springfield, Mass. about 1875, from which time until his 
 death he was a leader in his profession. In 1875 he was made 
 Secretary of the old Connecticut Valley Dental Society, and 
 was one of the founc'ers of the New England Journal of 
 Dentistry, of which he was the leading editor. 
 
 A brother meml)er of his profession says of him: "He was 
 a skilful, sane and safe practicing dentist. He was a student 
 and an investigator, a writer of ability, and a scientist in the 
 full meaning of that much abused word. The Study Club of 
 Springfield was a success, the New England Dental Journal, 
 which he so ably edited, and the numerous practical and 
 scientific papers he gave to the profession through its columns, 
 awakened keen interest and discussion in societies and 
 scientific journals in this and foreign countries." 
 
 On the evening of Oct. 18, 1904 there was tendered to Dr. 
 Stockwell in the Massasoit Hotel of Springfield a complimen- 
 tary banquet by his brother practitioners and many friends, of 
 which the Springfield Republican said: "Dr. Chester Twitchell 
 Stockwell was the recipient last evening of such recognition 
 of notable service as rarely comes to a man while he is yet 
 alive. The dinner was given in recognition of the great 
 service done by Dr. Stockwell to dentistry as a science in 
 bringing clearly before the world the germ theory of dental 
 decay, which since his epoch-making paper has become every- 
 where recognized as the truth, upsetting and forever doing 
 away with the old theory of acids as the cause of destruction." 
 At the close of the bancjuet there was presented to him a 
 book-case filled with some sixty volumes of scientific publica- 
 tions. 
 
484- HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 Addresses by eminent members of the dental profession, 
 scientific men, and literary and business friends, teeming with 
 words of fine eulogy, showed the feeling of the company 
 towards its honored guest. There was so much interest 
 manifested in this affair that later a fine souvenir volume 
 containing all the proceedings of the evening was printed and 
 distributed. 
 
 In addition to his writings which appeared in many dental 
 and scientific journals he was the author of three books 
 dealing with religion and philosophy, "New Modes of Thought," 
 "The New Materialism and the New Pantheism," and "The 
 Evolution of Immortality." One of the chief features of the 
 21st Annual Meeting of the Northeastern Dental Association 
 held in Springfield, Mass. Get. 14, 1915 was the dedication of 
 a handsome memorial fountain to Dr. Chester Twitchell Stock- 
 well in the rose gardens of Forest Park. The tablet of bronze 
 attached to this memorial records the fact that he was a 
 dentist, student, author, philosopher, and has this te^timoni.il 
 inscribed upon it: 
 
 "His life was gentle, and the elements 
 
 So mixed in him that nature might stand up 
 
 And say to all the world: 
 
 'This was a man.' " 
 
 HON. FRED WILDER CROSS 
 
 Fred Wilder Cross, the subject of this sketch, was born in 
 the village of South Royalston in the house where he now 
 resides, Sept. 15, 1868. His father. Wilder Cross, was a 
 native of Swanzey, N. H., a musician of considerable ability, 
 and for several years leader of the South Royalston Brass 
 Band. His mother, Rosanna A. (Knights) Cross was born 
 in the neighboring town of Phillipston and is still living. 
 Both of his parents were of old American stock. 
 
 He received his early education in the public schools of 
 his native village. After leaving school, he was for several 
 years an employee of the George Whitney Woolen Company 
 and later of the Fitchburg Railroad Co. In September 1893 
 he entered the sophomore class at Cushing Academy from 
 which institution he graduated in 1896. In the fall of 1896 
 
FRED W. CROSS 
 
SONS OF SOUTH ROYALSTON 485 
 
 he entered Williams College and graduated in the class of 
 1900. During his college career he distinguished himself 
 chiefly in public speaking and scholarship. In 1897 he won 
 the first prize for freshman oratory. In 1898 he took the 
 general prize in the Moonlight Oratorical contest, and the 
 Rice prize for scholarship. In 1899 he secured the first prize in 
 the Adelphic Union prize debate, and for excellence in scholar- 
 ship was made a member of the Phi Beta Kappa Society. 
 In 1900 he was awarded a Graves Essay prize, the Graves 
 Oratorical Prize, the Dewey Prize for Commencement oratory 
 and the Prize for Prizes, all the above awards aggregating $350. 
 Besides holding numerous class offices he was president of the 
 Philotectinian Society, and in his senior year president of the 
 Adelphic Union. He was also a member of the Gargoyle 
 Society. 
 
 After graduating from Williams, he was for one year 
 instructor in Latin and History at Black Hall School, 
 Black Hall, Conn, and five years principal of the high school 
 at Palmer, Mass. During his residence in the latter place 
 he was for three years president of the Palmer Historical 
 Society. In 1906 filial duties and somewhat impaired health 
 caused him to return to his native town, but since his return 
 he has continued active in public and educational affairs. 
 From 1907 to 1909 he served on the Royalstcn School 
 Board. During the school year 1909 — 1910 he was principal 
 of Templeton High School. From 1910 to 1913 he was 
 principal of the South Royalston schools besides managing 
 his home farm and doing a large amount of conveyancing 
 and iiension and probate work. In 1906 he was commis- 
 sioned Justice of the Peace and Notary Public, which offices 
 he holds at the present time. 
 
 Mr. Cross's natural bent toward the study of history has 
 been followed by an especial interest in the story of the Civil 
 War. During the past dozen years he has made several 
 trips to Pennsylvania, Maryland and Virginia for the express 
 purpose of visiting and studying the battlefields that dot 
 that region. His travels have taken him over the fields of 
 Fi:-st Bull Run, Fair Oaks, the Seven Days Battles, Second 
 Manassas, Antietam, Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville, Gettys- 
 burg, the Wilderness, Spottsylvania, Drury's Bluff, Cold 
 Harbor and Petersburg. In addition to an extensive history 
 
^c^ HISTORY OF ROY ALSTON 
 
 library he has a large collection of relics and treasures which 
 he has brought from battlefields. 
 
 Since the year of his graduation from college he has 
 delivered over twenty Memorial Day Orations besides nu- 
 merous addresses before educational, historical and military 
 societies. His latest work has been the compilation of the 
 military history of his native town. In August 1901 he 
 married Ida May Kimball, daughter of Rev. Henry S. 
 Kimball of Troy, N. H. They have two daughters: Bertha 
 May born Oct. 19, 1902 and Dorothy Kimball Oct. 26, 1906. 
 He gave the Historical Address at the mOth Anniversary of 
 Royalston in 1915. In November, 1913, Mr. Cross was elected 
 Representative from the First Worcester District to the General 
 Court of Massachusetts as a Progressive. He immediately dis- 
 tinguished himself in debate and in his service on the Com- 
 mittee on Education, of which he was a member. Near the 
 close of his first term in the House, the vSpringfield Republican 
 said of him : "Mr. Cross of Royalston, Progressive, has made a 
 mark as a new member. He is one of the most forceful and 
 direct members in making points. He never wearies the 
 House or takes more than the necessary time in which to put in his 
 reasoning." He was also repeatedly commended by the Boston 
 and local papers for his good sense, independence and non- 
 partisanship. In the Fall of 1914 he was re-elected, this being 
 the first time that Royalston had sent a representative two terms 
 in succession for sixty years. Thus to Mr. Cross fell the honor 
 of representing the district in the Legislature on the One Hun- 
 dred and F-iftieth Anniversary of the incorporation of Royals- 
 ton. He was again re-elected to represent the First Worcester 
 District in the House for the year 1916, and in the Fall of that 
 year received still higher honor in being elected as Senator for 
 the Fourth Worcester Senatorial District by a large majority, 
 being the fourth citizen of Royalston, in the one hundred and 
 fifty years' history of the tovA'u, to be elected to the Massachu- 
 setts Senate. 
 
 FREDERICK LYSANDER DRURY 
 
 Frederick Lysander Drury, son of Ehsha and Lueinda 
 (Stoddard) Drury, was born in Readsboro, Vt., April 14, 
 1856. His father, Elisha, was of the eighth generation from 
 
FREDERICK L. DRURY 
 
SONS OF SOUTH ROY ALSTON 487 
 
 his ancestor, Hugh Drury, who came to this country from 
 England in the ship Abigail in the year 1635 at the age of 
 nineteen. 
 
 Elisha Drury was a farmer and woodworker, residing 
 successively in Winchendon, Mass., Fitzwilliam, N. H., and 
 Readsboro, Vt., in which latter place Frederick was born. 
 
 His father's death led his Imother to remove to South 
 Royalston, Mass. when the child was very young, and it was 
 in the public schools of that village that Frederick and his 
 two older brothers Edwin and Leander received their educa- 
 tion. 
 
 In 1875, at the age of nineteen he journeyed to Boston and 
 secured employment in a fancy goods store where he remained 
 about two years. In 1877 he went to Fitchburg to enter 
 the employ of Walter P. Guy in the grocery business, 
 where by perseverance and industry he succeeded in saving 
 his earnings to such good advantage that in 1886 he was 
 able to lease a hotel in the heart of the city, which under the 
 name of the "Drury House," he conducted with marked success 
 for four years. 
 
 In 1890, in company with Ezra Coleman, he purchased 
 the grocery store which had given him his first start in the 
 city, and in 1900 acquired his partner's interest and became 
 sole proprietor of what had then become and still is Fitch- 
 burgh's leading grocery establishment. 
 
 On Sept. 25, 1878, soon after going to Fitchburg, he 
 married Flora Estelle Sherwin, daughter of Addison and 
 Amanda (Partridge) Sherwin of South Royalston. They have 
 two sons, Leon Arthur, born Oct. 23, 1880 and Ralph Sherwin, 
 born Jan. 10, 1890. Both are graduates of the Fitchburg 
 High School and Brown University, and are now associated 
 with their father in business under the firm name of F. L. 
 Drury and Sons. 
 
 Leon married Daza Page Mowry of Providence, R. I., 
 a graduate of Brown University on Oct. 12, 1904, and they 
 have two children, Harriet born Oct. 5, 1907 and Leon Arthur, 
 Jr. born Jan. 13, 1911. 
 
 Ralph married Florence Earns worth of Leomin.ster, Mass., 
 a graduate of Mt. Holyoke College, May 2, 1913. 
 
 Frederick L. Drury is one of Fitchburg's best known 
 citizens, having been president of the Fitchburg Merchants' 
 
488 HISTORY OF ROY ALSTON 
 
 Association, Vice-President of the Massachusetts Retail Grocers' 
 Association, Director in the Fitchburg Co-operative Bank, and 
 prominent in many civic organizations. He is a member of the 
 Aurora Lodge A. F. & A. M., Thomas Royal Arch Chapter of 
 Masons, Jerusalem Commander}^ Knights Templars, Aleppo 
 Temple, Mystic Shrine, Lady Emma Chapter Eastern Star, 
 Mt. Roulstone Lodge of Odd Fellows, and E. Victoria Morse 
 Lodge Daughters of Rebeckah. 
 
 He is a prominent member of the Rollstone Congrega- 
 tional Church, having served as a member of its Finance Com- 
 mittee for many yearsJ 
 
 In politics he has always been a staunch Republican, but 
 strict attention to business has precluded his acceptance of 
 any political office. 
 
 GEOFFREY B. LEHY 
 
 One of the most successful business men that South 
 Royalston has ever sent out is Geoffrey B. Lehy; he was born 
 in South Royalston, September, 1855. His early education was 
 obtained in the South Royalston schools, plus one year in 
 Holy Cross College. To this was added (he says) what the 
 world gave me, as it gives to all. 
 
 About 1879 he went to Leominster, Mass., with Leander 
 W. Jones and engaged in the grocery business. The firm was 
 Jones & Lehy; Mr. Jones was obliged to sell out on account 
 of his health, and a Mr. John Goss bought him out, the 
 firm becoming Lehy & Goss. Mr. Goss died about two 
 years later, and his brother Michael F. Lehy was with him 
 and continued about two years, when they sold out to local 
 parties, and Geoffrey sold goods on the road for a Fitchburg 
 produce house, and later sold groceries for Henry Callender & 
 Co. of Boston, wholesale grocers. He left this position and 
 purchased an interest in the firm of F. L. Hale & Co., 
 produce dealers. Mr. Hale was one of those who were lost 
 on the steamer City of Columbus when she sank off Gay 
 Head. 
 
 The firm then became Fales & Lehy and continued about 
 seven years, when Mr. Lehy sold out to Mr. Fales and 
 associated himself with W. S. Quimby and M. A. Packer as 
 
GEOFFREY B. LEHY 
 
SONS OF SOUTH ROYALSTON 489 
 
 W. S. Quimby & Co., dealers in butter, cheese and eggs. 
 After one year Mr. Packer retired, and the partnership was 
 changed to a corporation, the W. S. Quimby Co. In 1900 
 the W. S. Quimby Co. changed to the tea and coffee business 
 and so continues to-day. Mr. Lehy has always been president 
 of the company. 
 
 In 1901 he was elected president of the Fruit and Produce 
 Exchange, and served one year. He is at present one of 
 the trustees of the surplus fund of that organization, also 
 a trustee of the real estate of the Boston Chamber of Com- 
 merce. He was the first president of the Boston City Club, 
 an organization of thirty-two hundred men which has been of 
 much civic and social benefit. His term of office was from the 
 inception of the club throughout its organization, a term of 
 five consecutive years. July 1, 1909 he was appointed by 
 Governor Draper a member of the Finance Commission 
 for the City of Boston for a term of one year, and in July 
 1910 he was re-appointed by Governor Draper for a term of 
 five years. 
 
 He married Abbie M. Lewis of South Royalston, a daughter 
 of Hugh and Ellen Lewis. 
 
 JOHN F. LEHY 
 
 John F. Lehy, one of South Koyalston's most distinguished 
 sons in the educational world, was born in South Royalston, 
 Nov. 7, 1850, a son of Geoffrey and Eliza (Kelly) Lehy. 
 He received his early education in private schools and at the 
 Templeton High School. He entered Holy Cross College at 
 Worcester, Mass. in 1872, and in 1874 became a member of the 
 Society of Jesus, and was ordained to the Roman Catholic 
 priesthood in 1887. 
 
 He was Professor of Mathematics at Holy Cross College 
 from 1879 to 1884, at Georgetown University 1887, '88 and 
 Woodstock College 1892, '93; was Vice-President of Gonzaga 
 College, Washington, D. C., 1889, '90 and President of Hob- 
 Cross College from 1895 to 1901, at Woodstock College 1901 
 to 1904 and Boston College 1904 to 1906, since which time 
 he has been treasurer of Holy Cross College. 
 
490 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 WILLIAM H. BULLARD 
 
 William H. Bullard, one of the successful sons of South 
 Royalston was born in that village Sept. 25, 1856. When 
 four years old his parents moved to Athol where the greater 
 part of his school life was spent. 
 
 He attended the Athol High School four years, from 1869 
 to 1873, walking to and from school a distance of over three 
 miles each way. He attended New Salem Academy in 1874- 
 75, and taught several terms of school in Petersham Mass., 
 and Ashuelot and Winchester, N. H. 
 
 In 1875 he entered the employ of Parmenter & Carruth, 
 dry goods and carpet detilers in Athol. He received fifty 
 dollars and board for the first year's salary. 
 
 In 1881 he moved to Hclyoke where he continued as dry 
 goods clerk until 1887, when he went into business for him- 
 self; He was successful in this, and some years later gave 
 up the retail business and gave his attention to the dry goods 
 and notions jobbing business, which also proved successful. 
 
 In December 1903, Mr. Bullard organized and had in- 
 corporated the Bullard Thread Co., of which he was chosen 
 Agent and Treasurer, which positions he continues to hold 
 at the present time. The products of the Company are 
 widely known and are sold in every state and territory in 
 the country. 
 
 He is active in the business and social affairs of his adopted 
 city, has been President of the Holyoke Board of Trade 
 several terms, is a member of the Holyoke Canoe Club, the 
 Holyoke Club, and several other organizations and societies. 
 He was elected president of the New Salem Academy Alumni 
 Association in 1912 and held that office for several years. 
 He has been a prominent candidate for Mayor of Holyoke. 
 
 He married Evelyn B. Tandy of Koyalston Aug. 25, 1880. 
 
 J. HERBERT KING 
 
 J. Herbert King, son of John King, was born in South 
 Royalston June 20, 1856, where he lived until sixteen years 
 years of age when he went to Fitchburg to attend the High 
 School, remaining there during one school year; he then went 
 
WILLIAM H. BULLARD 
 
SONS OF SOUTH ROY ALSTON 491 
 
 to Athol and took a position in the dry goods store of Par- 
 menter & Tower. 
 
 After a short time at this place he went to Hartford, 
 Conn., rounding out an experience of about three years in 
 the dry goods business. About thi« time he was taken with 
 the "Go west, young man" fever, which caused him to migrate 
 to Colorado, where he remained about four years, the latter 
 part of the time of which he was engaged in the sheep rais- 
 ing buvsiness. His father was taken seriously ill and at his 
 request he returned to Massachusetts. 
 
 On Oct. 25, he was married to Miss Nellie M. Hitchcock 
 of Southlnidge, Mass., and in the fall of 1882 they moved 
 to Baldwinville which was their home for about thirty years, 
 all of which time he was engaged in the chair business. In 
 1912 he moved to Gardner which has since been his home, 
 and where he is employed in the Brown Bros.' chair factory. 
 He has two children: Mary B. born in 1888 and Herbert L. 
 born in 18G2. ^Yhile in South Royalston he was a member 
 of the Congregational Church, and in Baldwinville of the 
 Baptist. He was also a member of the Ancient Order of 
 United Workmen and the Odd Fellows and Good Templai" 
 organizations in Baldwinville. 
 
 FRED D. WEEKS 
 
 Fred D. Weel's was born in Warwick, Mass. July 15, 1865, 
 received his education in the schools of South Royalston and 
 Cushing Academy, Ashburnham. He was superintendent 
 of the George Whitney Woolen Mill in South Royalston, 
 the Baltic Mills at Fitchburg and mills in Enfield, N. H. 
 
 He established the F. D. Weeks Extracting Co. at Shirley, 
 Mass., and is also president and treasurer of the Gould 
 Manufacturing Co. at the same place. He served several 
 years as Selectman, Assessor and Overseer of the Poor and 
 Chairman of the Board of Water Commissioners. He is a 
 member of the Odd Fellows. He has been twice married, 
 first to Mary Sweeney and second Emmaline French. Has 
 three children. 
 
CHAPTER XXV 
 BIOGRAPHICAL 
 
 EDWARD A. CARPENTER 
 
 Among the prominent citizens of Royalston whose memory- 
 it is a delight to honor, should be placed the name of Edward 
 A. Carpenter. Although not a "native born," he was as deeply 
 interested in the welfare and development of the town as any 
 one could be. He was born in Walpole, N. H., on July 22, 1846. 
 His parents, Albert H. and Mary Wilder Carpenter, were most 
 estimable people of sturdy New England stock, with an ances- 
 tral record running back into early pioneer history. His edu- 
 cation was acquired in the pubHc schools in Walpole and at 
 Bellows Falls, Vt. When the civil war came, young Carpenter's 
 patriotic ardor was stirred to the deep and he enlisted and gave 
 efficient service in Co. H., 15th N. H. Volunteers, and filled out 
 the term of his enlistment in the valiant service of this heroic 
 regiment during the Vicksburg and Port Hudson campaign. 
 On his return north from the army he located at Athol, Mass., 
 being engaged in the manfacturing of shoe pegs, then an impor- 
 tant industry, conducted by his uncle, Mr. George Wilder. 
 Two years later he removed to South Royalston and for twenty- 
 one years was employed in the Brush and Shoe Peg factory of 
 Mr. Caleb W. Day. The disastrous fire of 1884 burning down 
 the factory, Mr. Carpenter engaged in the grocery business with 
 Deacon Jonas M. Turner for about a year. In 1886 in company 
 with Mr. F. S. French, who had been a close business asso- 
 ciate for years, he removed to North Reading, Mass., where 
 the general store of Obadiah Walker was bought and the firm 
 of Carpenter and French was a synonym for just methods of 
 dealing. For nineteen years these partners worked faithfully 
 together, until October 1, 1905, when owing to the ill health 
 of Mr. French, Mr. Carpenter bought out his interest and con- 
 ducted the business alone until the time of the closing of his 
 eventful career. It is not too much to say that it was due to 
 the peculiar genius in business of Mr. Carpenter during his 
 
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 ?0 
 
EDWARD A. CARPENTER 493 
 
 business life in North Reading, evinced by his executive ability, 
 industry and hard work, that success was warranted. 
 
 Prior to removal to North Reading, Mr. Carpenter was an 
 enthusiastic school committee, efficient constable, and most 
 faithful tax collector for the town of Royalston and hi.s admira- 
 tion and loyalty for the town never ceased, as he kept in touch 
 with all vital affairs to the date of his decease. He joined the 
 Second Congregational Church of South Royalston in 1870, 
 and retained his membership from henceforth never failing 
 financially, or otherwise, to honor the church. The basic prin- 
 cipals of his Christian life ever abounded in sympathy, charity 
 and in benevolence. While living in North Reading he was a 
 continuous helper in all practical church work and an advisor 
 and loyal friend and brother to every pastor. Mr. Carpenter 
 was a member of Parker Post, No. 123, G. A. R., of Athol, Mass., 
 but on going to North Reading he relinquished his member- 
 ship though retaining loyal interest in all Memorial events of 
 the volunteer soldiery. He was marshal of every Memorial 
 Day celebration, and was so chosen by the united voice of the 
 veterans and people in North Reading. His personality and 
 ability was such that he was in constant demand for office and 
 he acquiesced in serving the common weal of the town, more 
 often than otherwise, at the sacrifice of his own personal interests. 
 
 Chairman of the Board of Selectmen and Overseer of the 
 Poor, Treasurer of North Reading Grange, President of the 
 Board of Trade, Trustee of the Public Librar}^ Director of the 
 First National Bank and Trustee of Mechanics Savings Bank 
 of Reading, and one of the twelve organizers of the first named. 
 He was also a member of the Men's Good Fellowship club of 
 Reading, and Assistant Postmaster of North Reading for twenty- 
 six years. Mr. Carpenter was married to Miss Effie F. Brooks 
 of South Royalston in 1868; one son, Albert Eugene, was the 
 fruit of this union, but the parents' hearts were saddened by 
 his death in 1872. Several years afterwards, a daughter, Annie 
 C, was adopted and for all of subsequent life the home life was 
 of an ideal character. Miss Carpenter was married some years 
 ago to Mr. Charles F. Burditt of North Reading, who later 
 entered into the employ of Mr. Carpenter. Mr. and Mrs. Burditt 
 have three children, two sons and one daughter. One of the 
 saddest blows to the town of North Reading was the quick 
 demise of Mr. Carpenter. The shock was sudden and numbed 
 
494 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 the senses of all. The funeral services were hekl at the Union 
 Congregational church in North Reading on Sunday, Novem- 
 ber 15, 1914, and was the largest in attendance and sympathetic 
 interest, ever held in the town. The floral tributes were abun- 
 ant and from organizations, business friends and citizens gen- 
 erally, thus evincing the truest sentiments of the loved and 
 honored dead. The services were conducted by his friend and 
 former pastor, Rev. Eugene E. Colburn, Yarmouth, Mass., 
 who also conducted the funeral services at South Royalston 
 the day following. Thus the sterling, ethical and religious 
 uprightness of Mr. Edward A. Carpenter will stand as a per- 
 petual memory in the communities in which he dwelt. 
 
 EVERARD B. HANSON 
 
 Everard B. Hanson was born in China, Maine, Oct. 25, 185.". 
 a son of Elihu and Minerva (Starrett) Hanson. Fe received 
 his education in the graded and high schools of China and 
 Maine Wesleyan Seminary at Kent's Hill, Maine. After grad- 
 uating he engaged in farming, teaching and surveying until 
 1882, when he moved to Athol, Mass., where he was employed 
 in the shops of his uncle, L. S. Starrett, for four or five years 
 when on account of ill health he was obliged to give up work 
 in the shops. For several years he was in the employ of the 
 Fitchburg Railroad Co., at Athol and Keene, N. H., until 1891 
 when he removed to South Royalston and was employed by 
 the George Whitney Woolen Co., as bookkeeper, superinten- 
 dent and agent till 1907. When the American W^oolen Co. 
 purchased the mills he was retained by that company as agent 
 and superintendent, which position he continued to hold 
 for a number of years. 
 
 After coming to South Royalston Mr. Hanson was 
 prominently identified with the interests of the village and of 
 the town. In 1909 he erected green houses for the growing of 
 cucumbers and flowers for the wholesale markets, which were 
 the only green houses in the town. He served the town in 
 several town offices and on important committees. He was a 
 member of the school committee three years, was town 
 auditor several years, a member of the finance and appropri- 
 ation committee since it was inaugurated, was chairman of 
 
EVERARD B. HANSON 495 
 
 the committee to relniild the Second Congregational church, 
 school house and hall after the disastrous fire in 1904, and also 
 on the committee to l)uild the Phinehas S. Newton library. He 
 was chairman of the Prudential Committee and Clerk of 
 the Second Congregational church for many years. He was a 
 prominent Mason having been a Master Mason in Dirigo Lodge 
 China, Maine, in 1882; was Worshipful Master of Star Lodge 
 Athol, in 1902-1903; Eminent Commander of Athol Comman- 
 dery, Knights Templars, in 1905, and was a 32d Degree Mason. 
 He was a charter member of Artisan Lodge Ancient Order United 
 Workmen; was commissioned a Justice of the Peace in 1891, a 
 Notary Public in 1894 and so continued to the time of 
 his death, and was also a Special Justice to solemnize marriages. 
 He was married April 16, 1876, to Miss Lizzie E. Tucker 
 of China, Maine, who died in Royalston in 1903. Three chil- 
 dren were born to them : John Tucker, who died 1898; Viola M., 
 who married Arthur C. Oliver of Athol; and Ruth E., who married 
 Stanley F. Smith of Athol. He married (2) Mrs. Mary A. Rowe 
 Oct. 25, 1904. He died at the hospital in Northampton, Feb. 
 8, 1915. 
 
 RUEL ROBY SAFFORD 
 
 Ruel Roby Safford, for nearly a third of a century one of 
 the most prominent citizens of South Royalston, was born in 
 Lancaster, Mass., in 1821. He went to Fitchburg when a 
 young man and was engaged in the woolen lousiness, where he 
 met and married Orissa Wood Maynard of Vermont. While 
 in Fitchburg he was prominent as an Abolitionist and during 
 his whole life was an indefatigable worker for the cause of tem- 
 perance. He was a good singer and devoted much time to 
 music, singing in church choirs and serving as president of vari- 
 ous musical societies. He was one of the members of the Second 
 Congregational Society of Fitchburg who left their church be- 
 cause it would not put itself on record as opposed to Slavery, 
 and organized the Trinitarian church in April, 1843. The choir 
 of that church was composed of men and women of the parish 
 and Mr. Safford was the first choirister. He was described as 
 l)cing a man of splendid voice who sang "with the spirit and 
 with the understanding." The choir was a notable one in town, 
 and the writer of a sketch of that church and its choir says: 
 
496 HISTORY OF KOYALSTON 
 
 "Any one who had seen and heard its leader, Roby Safford, 
 with head thrown back and face aglow, sing that grand old 
 hymn, 'While Shepherds watched their flocks by night,' and 
 others of those inspired and inspiring words and tunes, could 
 not soon forget them," He was also a member of the Masonic 
 fraternity. In 1862 he moved to South Royalston to engage 
 in the manufacture of woolens in the Whitney Woolen mill. 
 He took an active part in the town affairs of Royalston, was a 
 member of the school committee several years and held other 
 town offices. He retired from business in 1878 and died June 
 16, 1892; his wife died April 23, 1904. 
 
 The children of Ruel Roby and Orissa (Maynard) Safford 
 were: Maria 0., who married Charles A. King of Royalston, 
 they are now living in Worcester; William R., married Anna 
 King of Royalston and they reside in Athol; Henry A., was a 
 merchant in South Royalston and died from a gunshot wound 
 in 1883; Mary E., married S. A. Sargent of Utica, N. Y., and 
 after his death Henry Totingham, who died in Worcester in 
 1914, she still resides in Worcester; Edward, died when a child; 
 Myra A., married Dana M. Dustan a former teacher in the 
 South Royalston school, and their home is in Worcester, where 
 Mr. Dustan is engaged in the insurance business. 
 
 Charles R. Safford, youngest son of Ruel Roby Safford, was 
 born in Fitchburg, Oct. 2, 1856, and moved with his parents 
 to South Royalston in 1861. He attended the Royalston schools 
 and afterwards schools in Boston. In 1876 with other Roy- 
 alston boys he went to Colorado to engage in the cattle raising 
 business, but returned the following year to accept a position 
 in the United States service. Port of Boston, where he is still 
 employed having received five promotions in the thirty-eight 
 years that he has been there. Owing to his being a government 
 official he is not eligible to accept any elective political office, 
 but has been a Trustee of the Thomas Crane public library in 
 Quincy for many years, also Trustee of the Memorial Con- 
 gregational church of Quincy. He is a member of many clubs 
 and societies and has been president of the South Royalston 
 school association since its organization in 1904, He married 
 Drucilla A. Robinson of New Brunswick; they have three sons: 
 Winthrop M., Henry W. and Loyal R. His home is in Quincy. 
 
ROBY R. SAFFORD 
 
 EVERARD B. HANSON 
 
 NAHUM LONGLEY 
 
 JESSE BODETT 
 
BIOGRAPHICAL 497 
 
 NAHUM LONGLEY 
 
 Nahum Longley, prominent in the lousiness and church life 
 of South Royalston, was born at Westford, Mass., March 16, 
 1813. At the age of eight years, his father being dead and his 
 mother having a number of children to care for, he was bound 
 out to Dr. Howe of Templeton, with whom he remained until 
 he became of age. His thirst for knowledge was so intense 
 as to induce him to saw wood evenings to enable him to pur- 
 chase text books. This enterprising spirit led Dr. Howe and 
 others to send him to school a few terms and he took advantage 
 of every opportunity to add to his knowledge. After leaving 
 Dr. Howe he taught school for several terms in Templeton. 
 
 x\t the age of twenty-seven he married Elizabeth R. Cass 
 of Richmond, N. H., April 7, 1840. He was foreman in the 
 woolen mills at Otter River for several years, and in 1844 moved 
 to Ashuelot, N. H., where he was employed in the same capacity 
 in the mills of that village. In 1849 he moved to South Royal- 
 ston and was foreman in the Rufus Bullock mills until 1857, 
 when he engaged in farming which he followed as long as he 
 was able. He served as Justice of the Peace twenty-eight 
 years being appointed by Governor Andrew, and was succes- 
 sively re-appointed by Govs. Bullock, Gaston and Long. Among 
 the other positions of trust which he has held with credit are: 
 Clerk of the Second Congregational Parish twenty-five years, 
 trustee of the Bullock fund thirty years, trustee of the Stowe 
 fund twenty-six years. He was on the board of selectmeai, 
 assessors and overseer of the poor three years at different times, 
 and was postmaster of the South Royalston post office for seven 
 years. He was a meml)er of the second Congregational church 
 and an active supporter of Ijoth church and parish. He was 
 conspicvious all through life for Christian integrity and sim- 
 plicity of character. 
 
 JESSE EDGAR BODETT 
 
 Jesse Edgar Bodett, for about a quarter of a century a well- 
 known resident of South Royalston, was born in Athol, Nov. 
 30, 1856. When a young man he enlisted in the United States 
 army, Jan. 24, 1876, and served with his company in the West. 
 
498 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 during the Indian troubles receiving an honorable discharge 
 Ma}^ 22, 1877. He came to South Royalston in the autumn 
 of 1877 and was employed by his uncle John King. In 1882 
 he began work for the Fitchburg Railroad Co., and was soon 
 promoted to be section foreman a position he held from August, 
 1885, to April 1, 1901, when he resigned to become vice-president 
 of Brown Bros. & Co., of Gardner, chair manufacturers, which 
 position he held until his death, July 24, 1906. He married 
 Ella C. Brown Jan. 16, 1879. They have one daughter, M. 
 Augusta, born August 21, 1880. He was a member of Athol 
 Lodge of Masons, Union Royal Arch Chapter and Tully Lodge 
 of Odd Fellows of Athol, Charles Sumner Camp, Sons of Vet- 
 erans, and the Rebekahs of Gardner, and Artisan Lodge of the 
 Ancient Order of United Workmen of Baldwinville. He pos- 
 sessed a sunny, cheerful disposition and had the art of making 
 and keeping friends. 
 
 JOSEPHUS T. DAY 
 
 Josephus T. Day, brother of Caleb AV. Day, was born in 
 Richmond, N. H., Nov. 3, 1829. He came to South Royalston 
 in 1847, which was his home for more than sixty-five years . 
 He married Helen F. Bradish of Winchendon, June 26, 1851. 
 He was employed for many years in the old chair shop and 
 brush wood shop and during the later years of his life con- 
 ducted the coal business in the village for Evans & Bowker. 
 He had two children, Myron W., who died at the age of thirteen 
 years, and Addie, born June 7, 1855, married Edward A. Beals. 
 Mrs. Day died August 21, 1907, and Mr. Day Dec. 28, 1913, 
 at the home of his daughter in Athol. 
 
 JONAS M.TURNER 
 
 Deacon Jonas M. Turner was born in South Royalston 
 Dec. 31, 1820, son of Jerathmural and Prudence Manning Tur- 
 ner. When quite young he learned the carpenter's trade, help- 
 ing to build the covered railroad bridges between Royalston 
 and Athol. Then he was engaged in farming for a number of 
 years and in 1871 sold his farm and bought a house in South 
 
JOSKPIIUS T..DAV 
 
 JOHN KIXC 
 
 GRORGK P. SIIKRWIN 
 
 DR. IIRNRY O. ADAMS 
 
BIOGRAPHICAL ^99 
 
 Royalston village, where he lived during the remainder of his 
 life. After the death of Mr. Edmond Stockwell he bought the 
 brush wood business formerly carried on by Mr. Stockwell 
 and ran it about a year when he sold it. He was a deacon of 
 the Second Congregational church and was an active worker 
 in the church and Sunday school and also sang in the choir 
 a number of years. He served the town as selectman one term. 
 He married Mary G. Wheeler June 12, 1845. She was injured 
 in a railroad accident between South Royalston and Athol, 
 June 16, 1870, from which she never fully recovered, died Dec. 
 27, 1877. Their children were: Lucus Warren, born Jan. 10, 
 1847, died Sept. 26, 1847; Maria E., born July 11,1850, died 
 June 25, 1855, and Myra W., born Oct. 7, 1858. On Jan. 14, 
 1879, he married Mrs. Mary A. Brown; two children were 
 born to them: Marden Hartwell, born March 5, 1881, and 
 Mary Adaline,born Ai:ril 10, 1886. Deacon Turner died, Dec. 
 23, 1894. 
 
 JOHN KING 
 
 John King, who was prominently connected with South 
 Royalston history for more than half a century, was born in 
 Orange March 5, 1816, the second child of Daniel and Jane 
 (Morton) King. Daniel King was born Nov. 3, 1793, and Jane 
 Morton, July 14, 1799, in the same locality as her husband. 
 She was a daughter of Jonathan Morton, who was a scout in 
 the Revolution and died in Athol April 1, 1818. 
 
 John King learned the carpenter's trade and erected several 
 buildings in Orange, and removed to South Royalston when a 
 young man where he continued his business of a contractor 
 and builder. South Royalston at that time was one of the most 
 prosperous villages of Northern Worcester county, and Mr. 
 King with the energy and enthusiasm of a young man went 
 extensively into building operations. Among his building 
 projects was the erection of a shop three stories in height, for 
 getting out builders' supplies. He also moved and rebuilt the 
 house which had been brought down from the Nahum Green 
 place on Gale hill and remodeled it into a hotel which has 
 been the hotel of South Royalston for nearly three quarters 
 of a century. After renting the hotel property for a while, he 
 
500 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 occupied it himself and was the landlord for about seven years, 
 having a livery stable connected with it. In 1870 he sold out 
 to Richard Moore. He was the builder of many of the houses 
 in South Royalston and resided for many years in the house 
 on Main street adjoining the Methodist church property. Soon 
 after removing to South Royalston he married Mary B. Bat- 
 cheller Nov. 21, 1839, who was the daughter of Isaac and Rhod a 
 (Holman) Batcheller. Isaac Batcheller was a direct descen- 
 dant of Nehemiah Batcheller, who was one of the Minute Men 
 who took part in the Battle of Lexington. The children of 
 John King were: George H., born in 1840; Charles A., born 
 in 1842; Clarence E., born in 1845; Mary A., born in 1847; 
 Emma F., born in 1850; Nettie J., in 1853; John H., in 1856; 
 Mabel J., in 1872 and Royial T., in 1876. John King, married 
 second, Rhoda Richardson, third, Pheoba Howard and fourth, 
 Jane Chase. Mabel J. and Royial T., were his children by Jane 
 Chase. He died in South Royalston March 20, 1892. 
 
 SILAS HALE 
 
 One of the most prominent and progressive farmers of 
 Northern Worcester county in the first half of the 19th century 
 was Silas Hale, who was born on the old Hale place in Gerry, 
 now PhiUipston, May 15, 1802. His farm was brought into 
 Royalston by the change of the boundary line between PhiUip- 
 ston and this town in 1837. Mr. Hale in his early manhood 
 was very active and possessed a great deal of push. Any scheme 
 which he undertook went through. He was widely known as 
 a horse breeder, owning the famous stallion "Green Mountain 
 Morgan" said to be the best horse ever owned in this part of the 
 country and a sketch of which appears in other pages of this 
 work. 
 
 Mr. Hale owned thirty horses at one time and built a new 
 barn, the largest and best in Worcester county at that time. 
 He was also at one time engaged in the raising of sheep. He 
 was much interested in the improvement of agricultural tools 
 which was just beginning to attract the attention of the country 
 at that time. He bought the first mowing machine that was 
 brought into town, a clumsy affair with wooden cutter-bar. 
 He was very active in church work, being one of the leading 
 
BIOGRAPHICAL 501 
 
 spirits in building the Second Congregational church in South 
 Royalston in 1837, mortgaging his farm for two thousand 
 dollars to raise the necessary funds for the new building. He 
 and his wife sang in the choir for a number of years. In the 
 latter part of his life he met with financial losses which forced 
 him to retire from active life. His health was excellent in his 
 old age and he was possessed of remarkable physical vigor. 
 At eighty years of age he mowed an acre in four and a half 
 hours, and spread the hay, then walked a half mile to dinner 
 and back, and a little past five o'clock the hay was raked into 
 tumbles. He is said to be the oldest man who ever climbed 
 the two hundred feet of stairs in Bunker Hill monument, doing 
 that when eighty-nine years of age to the astonishment of the 
 care-taker of the monument. He also went to the polls and voted 
 for president in 1896 when ninety-four years old. 
 
 He married Betsy Batcheller of Royalston, Oct. 7, 1823. 
 He had two daughters, one of whom married Anan Stockwell of 
 Royalston and the other Dr. J. B. Gould, who was for several 
 years the physician of South Royalston. Mr. Hale died at 
 Athol, March 28, 1897, at the age of ninety-five, and was buried 
 in Riverside cemetery. South Royalston.' 
 
 ELISHA F. BROWN 
 
 Elisha F. Brown was born in Plaistow, N. H., Oct. 16, 1827. 
 In his early manhood he moved to South Royalston, and soon 
 received the position of station master at the South Royalston 
 station of the Vermont and Massachusetts railroad, the road 
 having been opened only. a short time. He retained this posi- 
 tion until 1863 when he was appointed in charge of the station 
 in Athol, officiating as station and ticket agent until 1890, 
 when he was relieved of the station duties, by reason of the in- 
 creased business of the road, and officiated only as ticket agent. 
 While in Athol he was prominent in town and church affairs, 
 serving on the school committee and as moderator at town 
 meetings, and was also prominent in the Unitarian church. 
 When in Royalston he was also prominent in town affairs and 
 served in the legislature in 1861 . He was quite a public speaker 
 and well versed in parliamentary rules, was quiet and unas- 
 suming and courteous in every position of life. He married 
 
^Q2 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 Miss Adeline A. French of South Royalston in 1851; she died 
 in Athol. They had two sons, Edward and Arthur C. 
 
 NATHANIEL G. BECKWITH 
 
 Nathaniel G. Beckwith, who was engaged in the manufac- 
 ture of wash stands and Hght stands, sometime before 1850; 
 lat/er he had a small grocery store. He was a native of Ac- 
 worth, N. H., where he was born Sept. 13, 1819. He married 
 Fanny M. Barker of West Claremont, N. H. They had two 
 children: Charles E., born April 19, 1849; and Minnie, born 
 Oct. 28, 1856, both of whom were born in South Royalston 
 Minnie married Frank L. Cobb. Mr. Beckwith died June 18, 
 1868, and his wife Aug. 9, 1877. 
 
CHAPTER XXVI 
 
 SOUTH ROYALSTON BRASS BAND. 
 
 One of the famous organizations of the town was the old 
 South Royalston Brass Band, which flourished about the middle 
 of the last century. A band was in existence in South Royals- 
 ton as early as 1840, and during that year it went to Barre, Mass., 
 to play at the great Whig rally at which Daniel Webster was the 
 principal speaker. John M. Upham and Benjamin W. Rich 
 were among those present on that great occasion, and Mr. Rich 
 used to relate an amusing incident which transpired at that time. 
 One of the young musicians on entering the hotel picked up a 
 large stove pipe hat from the hat rack in the hallway and re- 
 marking in a jesting tone, "This is a pretty good hat," placed it 
 upon his head. It happened to be Webster's hat and was so 
 large that it slipped down over the young man's ears, covering 
 iiis head completely. 
 
 The one who is credited as being the most active in the or- 
 ganization of this band was Ebenezer G. Twichell, a talented 
 young musicain, who died Sept. 7, 1847, at the early age of twenty 
 four years. 
 
 This band was organized about the year 1845, and included 
 among its members some of the best-known residents of South 
 Royalston and vicinity. Among those who were members of 
 the organization were Ebenezer G. Twichell, John M. Upham, 
 George Thacher Rich, Benjamin W. Rich, Lorenzo Upham, 
 Charles Upham, Webster Upham, Cortland Clark, Wilder 
 Cross, Edwin Stockwell, Caleb Stockwell, Joseph Garner, Charles 
 Bowker, Hapgood Davis, Jeremiah A. Rich, Lyman Clark, 
 Addison Sherwin and Lyman L. Clark. This band existed as a 
 South Royalston organization about fifteen years. The first 
 leader was probably Ebenezer Twichell and others who held 
 that position were John M. Upham, Benjamin W. Rich, Wilder 
 Cross and George T. Rich. It became famous all over Central 
 Massachusetts, Southern Vermont and New Hampshire, having 
 engagements at Keene, N. H., Brattleboro, Vt., Greenfield, 
 Montague, Gardner, Barre and many other places. 
 
^04- HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 Just prior to the Civil War, as several of the players had re- 
 moved from town, the South Royalston organization consolidat- 
 ed with the Baldwinville Band. The combined bands did con- 
 siderable service in war time, conducting at least two Templeton 
 companies of volunteers to their regimental camps. Several of 
 the South Royalston meml^ers entered the army as musicians or 
 as soldiers, Cortland Clark and Joseph Garner going out as 
 members of the Twenty-first Regiment Band of which George 
 T. Rich became leader. 
 
 About the time the war closed the South Royalston part of 
 the band ceased to exist. Occasionally during the ten years 
 succeeding the war. Wilder Cross and Lyman Clark would get 
 together and make the valley echo with the music of the fife and 
 drum, and in even more recent years the notes of Benjamin W. 
 Rich's clarinet saluted the ears of the people as they passed along 
 the street. The only survivor of the band now living is Lyman 
 L. Clark. A few caps, instruments and fragments of uniforms 
 are still preserved by J. E. Rich and Fred W. Cross. 
 
 SOUTH ROYALSTON'S FORTY-NINERS. 
 
 The History of Royalston would not be complete without 
 some reference to that company of Forty-Niners, who soon after 
 the discovery of gold in California in 1848, left South Royalston 
 for that new Eldorado of the West. Their experiences in that 
 far country makes interesting reading for these days. The 
 fever of emigration which swept over many New England towns 
 at that time led seven of the citizens of South Royalston to try 
 their fortunes in the gold country. 
 
 This party as originally organized consisted of Capt. John 
 Whitmore, Jeremiah A. Rich, Handel Clark, Lyman Sherwin, 
 Alvin Pierce, Curtis Perry and George Batchellor. Capt. Whit- 
 more, the leader of this company, was at that time one of the 
 most prominent citizens of South Royalston, and was an ex- 
 perienced lumberman and sawmill owner; Jeremiah Rich was 
 a man of considerable experience as a carpenter jind wood work- 
 er; and the other five were men of various occupations. Taking 
 ship at Boston in the summer of 1850, they proceeded to the 
 Isthmus of Panama, landing at Colon, which was at that time an 
 unimproved port without wharves or docks. From Colon thej^ 
 
SOUTH ROYALSTON's FORTY- NINERS SO'y 
 
 followed the Chagres River through the present Gatun Lake 
 region to the neighborhood of Culebra Mountain. Here strap- 
 ping their baggage on pack animals they crossed the mountains 
 to the old port of Panama, where they took steamship for San 
 Francisco. From San Francisco they went inland to Stockton, 
 then a city of tents. Here they stored their heavier baggage, 
 and taking only what they could carry on their backs, started 
 for the mountains. Their trip to the gold coast had been marked 
 by one great calamity. While on the way from Panama to San 
 Francisco, George Batcheller, one of the most promising young 
 men in the party, and son of an old Royalston family, died of 
 ship fever and was buried on the shore. A further calamity 
 awaited them in the loss of their supply chests which they had 
 left at Stockton. These chests, built before leaving home, and 
 containing extra boots, blankets and necessary articles of cloth- 
 ing, had cost them about fifty dollars each for transportation 
 and storage alone. A few weeks after they left for the mountains, 
 Stockton was almost utterly destroyed by fire, and their treas- 
 ured chests were burned with all their valuable contents. 
 
 The first winter after their arrival in California was spent in 
 a cabin in the mountains. A picture of this cabin, drawn from 
 memory l)y one of the party, was preserved by Jeremiah Rich, 
 as also were several nuggets of gold secured by him during his 
 stay in the gold regions. Most of the members of the party re- 
 mained away from home about two years, engaged chiefly in 
 placer mining, damming rivers, sluicing, and searching for gold 
 in the beds of streams. All with the exception of Batcheller 
 returned to South Royalston, very little richer in pocket than 
 when they went away, but each possessing a store of experiences 
 which were ever after pleasant to reflect upon, though tinged 
 with events of sadness. 
 
 They were in California during some of the most exciting 
 days in the history of that state, when the admission of the 
 state into the union without slavery was one of the burning 
 political questions of the hour, when crime and lawlessness were 
 rampant, and when the Vigilantes were dealing out rough shod 
 justice with a liberal hand. It is stated that when Capt. John 
 Whitmore left Royalston he carried one thousand dollars in gold 
 in a belt strapped around his waist; this story may well be be- 
 lieved, as he was a man who at home often carried large sums in 
 the crown of his stove-pipe hat. It is to be regretted that no 
 
S06 HTsroRV or royalstoi^ 
 
 diary of the experiences of these mea during their staj^ in thee 
 gold diggings has been preserved. 
 
 SILAS HALE'S FAMOUS GREEN MOUNTAIN MORGAN.. 
 
 Sauth Royalston was the home of one of the most famous- 
 horses of the United States in the middle of the last century., 
 and horsemen of those days in all parts of this countiy and even' 
 in other co-untries knew ccf Silas- Hale and his celebrated ''Green- 
 Mountain Morgan."' Mr. Hale fir;>t saw the horse in Walpole,. 
 N, H., in 1841, and bought him in June, 1842, at Spri-ngfield, Vt.,. 
 when eight years of age, and kept him fourteen years as a stock 
 horse. The first year that he owned him he booked $900, at SIO^ 
 to ensure, of which $700" proved good; the second year he booked 
 crver $1200 at the same price; his receipts increased every year 
 untilin one year they amounted to $2745, the price charged then 
 being $20. He sold his stock at higher prices than was received- 
 by any other man in those days, receiving $1500 for a stallion 
 six years old, that went to Davenport, Iowa, while he sold many 
 of his colts to go to Iowa at prices ranging from $200' to $600. 
 Romeo 1st, a promising four years' colt, which much resembled- 
 his sire, he sold toS. H. Edgerly of Manchester, N. H., for $600,. 
 who in less than two years sold him for $1500- to go to Dubuque,. 
 Iowa. Mr. Hale in describing to the writer his Green Mountain 
 Morgan said, "He was as handsome and stylish a horse as was; 
 ever made," and that he was in great demand to be ridden at 
 muster for 60 to 100 miles around; he was ridden by the chief 
 marshal at the great water celebration in Boston on the intro- 
 duction of the CcK^hituate water into the city, and Mr. Hale re- 
 ceived $45 for his services on that occasion. Mr. Hale related 
 with gretit enthusiasm, an account of a tour through the West 
 with his beiiutiful horse in 1853, and his eyes sparkled as he re- 
 called the tremendous applause and cheering with which Green 
 Mountain was received as he entered the exhibition ring at the 
 State Fair of Kentucky at Louisville. During this trip he re- 
 ceived the first premium at the State Fairs of Kentucky, Ohio 
 and Michigan. The Cincinnati Gazette of Oct. 13, 1855, speak- 
 ing of another noted horse from New England, which was then 
 attracting attention, said as follows: "So, also, when Hale's 
 Green Mountain appeared on the show grounds at Louisville, 
 
bale's green mount ai"n morgan §07 
 
 Ivy., in 1853, he met with a cordial welcome, and the horse was 
 rgreeted on his entering the exhibition ring with such eager ap- 
 plause as told full plainly that his form and his style of action 
 were new, but were appreciated ])y the thousands of strangers 
 t)efore whom he was moving. It is hardly nx?cessary to say that 
 he received the highest premium, as he had previously done the 
 :same season at the Michigan State fair at Detroit, and the Ohio 
 'State fair at Dayton." It is proper to add that the horse was 
 taken to Dayton, Ohi-o, "by railroad, without any stop for the 
 purpose of rest. The fair at Dayton being over he went directly 
 to Detroit, arriving there after the commencement of the fair. 
 From Detroit he went directly to Louisville, where he arrived 
 late the night previous to the last day of the fair. 
 
 Mr. Hale said that the excitement was so great that a New 
 England horse had -carried off the highest honors of the state 
 that he was told that he had better look out for the safety of 
 himself and his horse, which advice he took by getting away 
 from the state as soon as possible. An attempt was made at 
 one time to poison the horse in Brattleboro, Vt., and so fearful 
 was Mr. Hale that some harm might befall his favorite steed 
 that he lay many a night in the stall with him, so close that he 
 •could reach out his hand and touch him, while his faithful old 
 •dog, Zek«, which was a wonderfully sagacious animal, kept 
 guard ov€r both man and horse, and would allow no one to ap- 
 proach n«ar the stall. Many an interesting anecdote might be 
 related of Zeke and Green Mountain. Mr. Hale owned Green 
 Mountain for fourteen years, and sold him the day and month 
 that he was 22 years old for $2000 to a stock company in Will- 
 iamstown, Vt. He lived to be 32 years old, and paid for himself 
 and all his expenses, and did not die in debt. 
 
 SOUTH ROYALSTON GRANGE. 
 
 One of the youngest and most flourishing organizations of 
 the town is the South Royalston Grange, No. 320, which was 
 organized by C. M. Gardner, Past Master of the State Grange, 
 March 11, 1913, with forty-nine members. Harold C. Mosher 
 was the first master of the Grange, and was just past his 17th 
 birthday when he was installed. It was claimed at the time that 
 he was the youngest man in the United States filling the chair of 
 
508 
 
 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 master of a Subordinate Grange. The first officers of South 
 Royalston Grange were: Master, Harold C. Mosher; Overseer, 
 Forest Richmond; Lecturer, Victoria Connolly; Chaplain, Lura 
 Williams; Steward, Frank Brown; Assistant Steward, Charles 
 Stewart; Treasurer, John Heath; Secretary, Florence Wheeler; 
 Gate Keeper, Harry Greenhall; Ceres, Marguerite Henderson; 
 Pomona, Helen Struthers; Flora, Mary Sullivan; Lady Assist- 
 ant Steward, Mrs. Frank Brown; Executive Committee, B. H. 
 Mosher, three years, C. E. Heath, two years, J. F. Wilkey, one 
 j^ear. Harold C. Mosher served as Master for two years, when 
 Arthur Divoll was elected for the present year. The meetings 
 have been held in Whitney Hall to the present time. During the 
 
 OLD METHODIST CHURCH, NOW THE HOME OF 
 SOUTH ROYALSTON GRANGE 
 
 spring of 19L5 the building known as the old Methodist Church, 
 was purchased of George E. Pierce and will be the future home of 
 the Grange. The present membership is sixty-three. 
 
SOUTH ROY ALSTON POST OFFICE 509 
 
 SOUTH ROYALSTON POST OFFICE 
 
 The Post Office at South Royalston was established Nov. 
 (i, 1837, and Hiram W. Albee was the first postmaster. Those 
 liolding the office since with the date of their appointment 
 are as follows: Lucas W. Partridge, Feb. 3, 1853; Gardner 
 N. Johnson, Dec. 24, 1857; Silas Stow, Nov. 19, 1858; Lucas 
 W. Partridge, June 21, 1861; Charles Bowker, Aug. 6, 1862; 
 Benjamin B. Murdock, April 12, 1866; Burton B. Murdock, 
 March 14, 1870; David W. Day, Jan. 19, 1874; Amelia L Day, 
 May 23, 1877; Nahum Longley, March 24, 1879; Lyman L. 
 Clark, Nov. 11, 1885; Benjamin W. Rich, Nov. 29, 1901; Ed- 
 ward J. Richmond, Sept. 15, 1911. 
 
 E. J. Richmond, the present postmaster of the South Royal- 
 ston office, was born Jan. 4, 1870, in Trowbridge, Wiltshire 
 county, England. In 1882, he came to America with his parents, 
 making their home in Montville, Ct., where he attended the 
 public school. In 1884 the family came to South Royalston, 
 and there in the employ of Col. Whitney, he learned the art of 
 weaving in the woolen mill, which he followed until the mill 
 was destroyed by fire. He then tried to broaden his education 
 by attending the Mount Hermon school at Northfield, taking 
 a one year's course. In 1892 he went to Baldwinville where 
 he bought a half interest in the firm known as Heath & Co., 
 a general country store, carrying a seven thousand dollar stock. 
 In 1896 he purchased the entire stock of Heath & Co., and carried 
 the business on himself. At the same time he began soliciting 
 orders in South Royalston, making two deliveries each week; 
 this soon resulted in the purchasing of the old site and build- 
 ings of L. L. Clark & Co. He restocked this store and with 
 his father, A. J. Richmond, as manager, did a successful busi- 
 ness in connection with the Baldwinville store. In 1904 his 
 business was partly destroyed by fire, when he lost heavily. 
 He still continued business there and in 1911 was appointed 
 postmaster, with his brother Forest E., as assistant. Ee is a 
 member of the Second Congregational church of South Royal- 
 ston and of the Ancient Order of United Workmen of Baldwin- 
 ville. In connection with his store he does a good amount of 
 real estate business. On Jan. 7, 1894, he was married to Bessie 
 Margaret Harris, daughter of Margaret J. and Arthur F. Harris, 
 of the firm of Holman & Harris. They have two children: 
 
^IQ HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 Mildred Harris, born Oct. 24, 1895, and Harris Alfred, born 
 April 24, 1905. 
 
 SOUTH ROYALSTON HOTEL. 
 
 The building which has been the Hotel of South Royalston 
 for more than half a century, was originally a dwelling house on 
 the Nahum Green place on Gale Hill. It was taken down and 
 erected for a shoe shop in South Royalston, and was moved to 
 its present location by John King in the early sixties. Mr. King 
 remodeled the building into a hotel, and after renting it for a 
 year or two to a man by the name of Baker, occupied it himself, 
 and was the landlord for about seven years, having a livery stable 
 connected with it. 
 
 In 1872 Richard Moore purchased the property and was the 
 landlord for thirty-three years, when he sold out to James 
 Powers in 1905, who kept it until 1915, when he sold it to J. D. 
 Perreault in October of that year. Mr. Moore was a native of 
 Athol, where he commenced the hotel business when a young 
 man. For five years previous to coming to South Royalston, 
 he was in a hotel at Southbridge, Mass. After retiring from the 
 hotel business, Mr. Moore purchased the Dr. Henry 0. Adams 
 place near the Congregational church and started a store, which 
 he has conducted to the present time. Back in old stage times, 
 before the building of the Vermont and Massachusetts Rail- 
 road, there was an old tavern in the building now standing just 
 west of E. J. Richmond's store. Names that have been men- 
 tioned as landlords of this old tavern are Patch and Bowker. 
 The stage line that ran from Worcester to Keene, N. H., used to 
 change horses here. 
 
 SOUTH ROYALSTON SCHOOL ASSOCIATION. 
 
 In the summer of 1904, some of the scholars who attended 
 the South Royalston school from 1868 to 1874, conceived the 
 idea of holding a reunion. Letters of invitation were accordingly 
 sent out, and on the day announced, Aug. 3, 1904, about fifty 
 of the old scholars and teachers gathered at Mechanics Hall in 
 South Royalston. The forenoon was spent in renewing the 
 
SOUTH ROYALSTON SCHOOL ASSOCIATION 511 
 
 friendships, and indulging in reminiscences of school days, a 
 picture of the group was taken and dinner was served in the hall. 
 In the afternoon exercises were held at which Charles Safford 
 of Atlantic, officiated as chairman and M. Abbie Sherwin of 
 Gardner, secretary. L. B. Caswell, teacher of the school in 1873 
 and 1874, called the roll of his scholars of those years, and Rev. 
 Reuben Whipple of Bridgeport, Conn., offered prayer. There 
 were brief speeches from many of the old scholars and teachers, 
 M. Abbie Sherwin gave a poem on "Our Childhood Home," and 
 Mrs. Helen Stuart of Worcester, one on "Our School Days and 
 the Old School House." It was such an enjoyable occasion that 
 it was the unanimous opinion that a permanent organization 
 should be formed, which was done with the following officers: 
 President, Charles A. Safford of Atlantic; Vice President, J. 
 Herbert King, Baldwinville; Secretary, M. Abbie Sherwin, 
 Gardner; Treasurer, Fred L. Drury, Fitchburg; Executive 
 Committee, Mrs. Myra Benson, Otter River, Fred Ingalls, 
 Greenfield, Mrs. E. G. Reals, South Royr.lston. 
 
 The meetings of the Association have been kept up each year 
 to the present time, and what was first started as the reunion of 
 two or three classes has developed into the annual gathering of 
 South Royalston, including all who ever attended the South 
 Royalston schools, and the sons and daughters of this little 
 village among the hills, who are now scattered all over New 
 England, look forward each year with pleasure to the first Wed- 
 nesday of August, when they can return to the scenes of their 
 early homes and school life, and they feel like saying as does the 
 poet : 
 
 "There is no friend like the old friend 
 That has shared our morning days, 
 
 No greeting like his welcome. 
 No homage like his praise." 
 One of the most successful reunions held was that of 1911 
 when about two hundred gathered at Whitney hall; the fore- 
 noon was given over to a social time and the afternoon to a pro- 
 gram of music and speaking. Mrs. Delia (Pierce) Lord of Athol, 
 who was a teacher of the school forty-four years before, i-ead the 
 roll of her pupils from the original record book and eighteen re- 
 sponded to their names. The chief address of the day was given 
 by Rev. John F. Lehy, S. J., of Holy Cross College, a South 
 Royalston boy. He had not visited the village for nearly forty 
 
5/2 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 years. He was escorted to the platform by Rev. Walter Rice of 
 Agawam, pastor of the Congregational church in South Royals- 
 ton from 1868 to 1874, and who during his pastorate there had 
 Father Lehy as a private pupil. 
 
 Among other speakers were Geoffrey B. Lehy of Boston, 
 who was a student in 1874 and Dana M. Dustan of Worcester, 
 a former teacher, who married a South Royalston girl. At the 
 eleventh annual reunion, among the speakers were: Mrs. Enez 
 (Wheeler) Barrett of Orange, a teacher forty-three years before; 
 L. B. Caswell of Athol, a teacher forty years before; Andrew 
 Turner, a student at the school sixty-three years ago; Rep- 
 resentative Fred W. Cross and Harrison Baker of Athol, who 
 stated that thirty-two former students of the school enlisted in 
 the Civil War and nine died in the service. 
 
 Charles R. Safford of the Boston Custom House, who was 
 elected president at the first reunion in 1904, M. Abbie Sherwin, 
 the first secretary and Fred L. Drury, the first treasurer, have 
 been elected to their respective offices at each reunion to the pres- 
 ent time. 
 
VIEW IN SOUTH ROYALSTON 
 
 RIVERSIDE CEMETERY. SOUTH ROYALSTON 
 
CHAPTER XXVII 
 
 CEMETERIES. 
 
 South Royalston has two cemeteries. The one that lies 
 directly east of the old Methodist church building, and near the 
 mills of the American Woolen Co., is the oldest in the south part 
 of the town. Benjamin Blanchard of Athol deeded this lot 
 Sept. 29, 1790, to eighteen proprietors, whose names were as 
 follows: Edward Holman, A. Jones, B. Clark, T. Fish, E. New- 
 ell, T. Waite, S. Twichell, S. Smith, G. Talbot, M. Blanchard, 
 E. Wilder, S. Hale, S. Stow, Samuel Larned, S. Bruce, William 
 Thimway, T. Burbank. This piece of land was described as 
 being for a burying ground and when deeded was in the town of 
 Athol. It contained half an acre. Benjamin Blanchard, the 
 grantor of this deed, and South Royalston's first mill builder, 
 was buried in this cemetery in 1808. 
 
 These proprietors evidently constituted the first cemetery 
 association in South Royalston, and these grounds were used 
 for burial purposes between fifty and sixty years. There have 
 been few interments there since 1850, and none since that of 
 Ambrose Clark, who died May 18, 1882. The members of the 
 old association are mostly dead, and the town has for some time 
 contemplated assuming the care of the grounds. 
 
 The newer burial ground of South Royalston, or Riverside 
 Cemetery, as it is now called, is situated a little out of the village 
 on the Winchendon road, near the banks of Millers River, and 
 presents a beautiful appearance, being well cared for, and con- 
 taining some fine monuments. This is owned by an association 
 which had its origin at a meeting of some of the citizens of South 
 Royalston held in the vestry of the meeting house on the even- 
 ing of Nov. 22, 1842, for the purpose of taking into considera- 
 tion the subject of procuring and preparing a piece of land for a 
 Burying Ground, and adopting measures in relation to the same. 
 The meeting organized with Hiram W. Albee as moderator, and 
 William H. Vose, secretary. A committee was chosen to make 
 investigations and after several subsequent meetings an Asso- 
 ciation was formed on Dec. 12, 1842, of which H. W. Albee 
 was chosen president, Ephraim Turner, vice-president; and 
 
57/ HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 William H. Vose, secretary and ti si'rer. The names of the 
 members of the association as given under date of Jan. 9, 1844, 
 included thirty-two residents of Roj'alston, seven of Phillip- 
 ston and one each of Athol and Princeton. To these men as 
 proprietors, Timothy Lewis, on Jan. 9, 1844, deeded a piece of 
 land containing one hundred and ninety square rods and con- 
 stituting the easterly part of what is now known as Riverside 
 Cemetery. In this deed the grantor reserved the lot in which 
 his remains today lie at rest, also the right of occupancy of the 
 north end of the tract until the purchase price of fifty dollars 
 should be paid. Timothy Lewis was chosen sexton in November, 
 1844, and in February, 1849, Luther Harrington was chosen as 
 the sexton and served until 1868, after which Josephus T. Day 
 was elected to that position in which capacity he served nearly 
 a score of years. In the early seventies Benjamin W. Rich, 
 who owned the land west of the cemetery, began to cut it up 
 into burial lots and sell them, and the dividing wall between 
 his land and the cemetery was duly removed. After Mr. 
 Rich's death his daughter sold the remainder of the strip to the 
 Cemetery Association, and it has now been prepared for burial 
 lots. It seems that interments began to be made within the 
 enclosure before it was deeded to the proprietors, for Sarah 
 Elizabeth, a young daughter of Rev. Joseph and Mrs. Rowena 
 Lewis, who died Oct. 27, 1842, was buried there as was also 
 Capt. Enoch Whitmore, father of Mrs. Timothy Lewis, who 
 died in 1843. 
 
 MEMORIAL TABLETS AT SOUTH ROYALSTON 
 
 THE CROSS MEMORIAL 
 
 On Sunday, May 28, 1916, an enduring and appropriate 
 memorial given b}' the late Edward W. Cross of Winchendon, 
 was unveiled in Riverside Cemetery, South Royalston. The 
 memorial stands at the head of the middle aisle. It is of Quincy 
 granite, about five feet in height, and bears a bronze plate with 
 this inscription, "To the Boys of South Royalston who served 
 their Country in the war for the Union, the Donor, himself one 
 of those Boys, erects this Memorial." Then follow the names of 
 42 young men whose homes were in or near this village, all but 
 
ALFRED W. NEALE 
 
 (See page 29) 
 
 EDWARD J. RICHMOND 
 (See page 509) 
 
 DEDICATION OF THE E. W. CROSS MEMORIAL 
 
THE CROSS MEMORIAL 5/5 
 
 four of whom served on Royalston's quota. The unveiling took 
 place at 3.45 p. m. just before the decoration of the graves of the 
 soldier dead. Grouped about the monument were five members 
 of Co. E, 53d Mass. Inf. and twelve other veterans from Athol, 
 Templeton, Phillipston, Royalston and West Acton. There 
 were also present thirty Sons of Veterans from Athol, Orange, 
 Gardner and other towns, six Spanish War veterans, and a 
 concourse of about 300 citizens, visitors and school children. 
 Mrs. Ellen J. Cross, the widow of the donor, was present as 
 the guest of honor of the occasion. The history of the monument 
 was given by Representative Fred W. Cross. 
 
 MR. CROSS' REMARKS. 
 
 "Modesty would forbid as emotion almost prohibits my say- 
 ing anything upon this occasion were it not for the fact that 
 I know, perhaps better than anyone else, the story of this memo- 
 rial. In September, 1861, a motherless boy 16 years of age 
 came from West Swanzey, N. H., to live in this village at the 
 home of his uncle a hundred yards distant from this spot. Being 
 of an industrious disposition he at once found employment, 
 first in the shop of S. S. Farrar and later in the woolen mill of 
 Col, George Whitney. The Civil war had just opened but no 
 man as yet dreamed of the magnitude to which that struggle 
 would eventually grow. In the early summer of 1862 came two 
 urgent calls for troops, 300,000 to serve for 3 years and 300,000 
 to serve for 9 months. In response to this latter call Royalston 
 furnished two commissioned officers and 25 non-commissioned 
 officers and privates, practically all of them for Co. E of the 53d 
 Mass. infantry. Among these was Edward W. Cross, our West 
 Swanzey boy. He was mustered into the service Oct. 17, 1862, 
 and followed the varying fortunes of his regiment until its final 
 muster out in September, 1863. He shared the life of his comrades 
 at Camp Stevens. He suffered with them the nausea of sea 
 sickness on the Old Continental which bore the regiment from 
 New York to New Orleans, He shared the long toilsome marches 
 through the Teche country and from Opelousas to Alexandria, 
 He bore a soldier's part in the battle of Fort Bisland and in 
 both assaults on Port Hudson, And he only laid aside his 
 arms as a soldier and resumed his duties as a citizen when the 
 last Confederate stronghold on the Mississippi had fallen and the 
 great river was opened from Cairo to the sea. After his own 
 
57<5 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 army service was ended his father, Ebenezer F. Cross, enlisted 
 in Co. L. of the 1st Vermont heavy artillery, was captured near 
 Petersburg and died in Andersonville prison. Shortly after 
 his return from the war Edward W. Cross took up his residence 
 in Winchendon where he resided until his death less than 3 
 months ago. Four years ago today he attended our Memorial 
 exercises and when we arrived at this spot he asked that he 
 might decorate the grave of Alonzo French, his tentmate in 
 the Banks campaign, who sleeps a few yards from where we 
 stand. About two years ago as he stood looking over this sacred 
 enclosure where so many soldiers sleep, he expressed an earnest de- 
 sire to erect a memorial to the boys of this valley who with him 
 responded to the call of their country. Again one year ago this 
 month when a fatal disease had laid its hand upon him and re- 
 peatedly thereafter while something of life and strength remained 
 he reiterated that desire. He lived to examine and approve the 
 plans to read the inscription and to know that the work was at 
 least begun. His faithful companion for over forty years and 
 those who have assisted in the completion of this work have 
 felt that in doing it they were but agents in helping to give 
 reality to the fondest and most earnest wish of the loved one 
 who has passed from sight." 
 
 At this point the cord was loosed by Miss Dorothy K. Cross 
 and the flag which draped the monument was removed by 
 James N. Hunt of Maplewood, Mass., and Charles V. Goddard 
 of Athol, both members of the same company and regiment 
 with the donor. Taps was then sounded. 
 
 ''This monument comes to us today as a loving tribute from 
 a soldier to his fellow soldiers; from one who marched and fought 
 to his comrades and associates who in the same cause marched 
 and fought; from one who hungered and thirsted to others who 
 like him often hungered and thirsted; from one who had made 
 his soldier bed in the frost or in the rain to others who oft awoke 
 with rain soaked garments to take up the weaiy round of army 
 life. It is especially fitting that it should stand here overlooking 
 the last resting places of so many brave men whose names are 
 written thereon. Of the 42 soldiers whose names are cast upon 
 this tablet 17 sleep in this cemetery and one other in this village. 
 Seven were killed or mortally wounded in action. Seven died 
 in hospitals. Fully one-third gave their lives for their country. 
 Four are living today: Emerson E. Bissell of Keene, N. H.; 
 
THE CROSS MEMORIAL 517 
 
 James N. Hunt of Maplewood, Mass.; Charles S. Knight of 
 Gardner, Mass.; and Lyman S. Wheeler of San Diego, Cal. 
 The dews of heaven shall fall gently upon it. The rising sun 
 each day shall bathe these names in golden splendor. Through 
 all the years that are to come men and women and youths and 
 maidens and little children shall point with pride to the name 
 of some kinsman which is written there. And while the river 
 tiows and the hills and rocks endure it shall stand as a memorial 
 to our best and noblest sons." 
 
 The monument was accepted for the Riverside cemetery asso- 
 ciation by Caleb W. Day, 88 years of age, who in his long and 
 useful life, over 75 years of which have been spent in South Royal- 
 ston, had known personally every man whose name is inscribed 
 on the monument. Remarks were also made by Hon. E. E. 
 Hobson who expressed himself as deeply touched by the occasion. 
 Miss Bertha M. Cross then gave a recitation, ''When the Flag 
 Goes By," and the exercises closed with a selection by the band 
 and song by the school children. 
 
 THE LEHY MEMORIAL 
 
 Another beautiful and appropriate bronze tablet has been 
 donated by Hon. Geoffrey B. Lehy of Boston, which is to be 
 placed in front of the old school house of District Number Ten, 
 a quarter of a mile west of the post office. At the head of the 
 tablet is cast a remarkably good representation of the old school 
 building as it looked a half century ago, and beneath is this in- 
 scription : 
 
 "The Old School House. To the memory of a group of 
 village boys who here learned their lessons of patriotism and 
 died for their country. 
 
 Chauncey W. Norcross, 
 
 Edwin O. Vose, 
 
 Clarence E. King, 
 
 Nelson G. Wood, 
 
 Henry E. Knight, 
 
 Charles M. Upham, 
 
 Asa J. Sanborn, 
 
 Myron E. Barnes." 
 It is proposed to have the tablet mounted upon a suitable 
 
^Ig HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 boulder of native granite and set on the ledge by the roadside 
 where the boys whose names are cast upon it, used to play in 
 childhood. 
 
 Both of the above memorials were designed and the inscrip- 
 tions written by Representative Fred W. Cross, the author of 
 the military chapter in this history. 
 
SALMON S. FARRAR 
 
CHAPTER XXVIII 
 
 SOUTH ROYALSTON FAMILIES 
 
 SALMON S. FARRAR FAMILY 
 
 Salmon Selden Farrar, for many years a prominent manu- 
 facturer and leading citizen of South Royalston, was born in 
 Winchendon Aug. 17, 1809, a son of Daniel and Rebecca (Stod- 
 dard) Farrar. He was one of four children. Desiring to com- 
 mence his life work before becoming of age, he agreed to pay his 
 father one hundred dollars for his time and went to Athol, 
 Mass., where he served time learning the machinist's trade in 
 the Richardson machine shop. 
 
 He came to Royalston in 1829 and first worked for John 
 M. Upham in South Royalston; later he manufactured umbrella 
 handles in a shop adjoining, which was later known as Upham 
 and Day's peg shop. Between 1832 and 1836 he conducted a 
 small machine shop, where he carried on a general jobbing 
 business of iron and wood, the shop being located where the 
 head gates of the American Woolen Co. now stand. 
 
 Some of his first machine work was the turning of the shaft- 
 ing in the original Rufus Bullock woolen mill. In June, 1836, 
 he bought of John M. Upham an undivided half of the land 
 located west of the Bullock mills, on Millers river to land owned 
 by Josiah Waite on the west and Josiah Waite and Edson 
 Clark on the north, taking in a tract of land known at the 
 present time as Water street. This land included a water 
 privilege that had formerly been used for a grist mill. During 
 the year 1836, he erected a wood working shop and manufac- 
 tured coffins and dry measures. In 1838 he purchased the un- 
 divided half owned by John M. Upham. Later he manufactur- 
 ed wooden sieves, hoops, wooden pails, deck buckets, rolling 
 pins, saw horses, barrel covers, wooden dippers, children's 
 wheel barrows, and all styles and sizes of children's sleds and 
 rolling hoops. The last addition to his manufactured products 
 was mosquito bars; these being used largely in New Jersey and 
 
52(9 HISTORY OF ROY ALSTON 
 
 the South. It is known that he shipped to Boston the first 
 iron bound dry measures that were ever ironed outside of Bos- 
 ton; previous to this time the measures were ironed after reach- 
 ing the city. He was engaged in lumbering more or less all 
 through his business career, and during the latter part of his 
 life he was recognized as one of Royalston's most prominent 
 lumber men. Previous to 1871 he used the up and down saw 
 mill, and about this time installed an up-to-date circular 
 mill, commencing business with little or no capital save 
 his own native tact and shrewdness, he succeeded in 
 acquiring a good paying business. He was personally known 
 to every tax payer as he had served the town in the capacity 
 of tax collector, probably more years than any other man. 
 
 In 1832 he married Martha Evans of- Rockingham, Vt., 
 who was born March 28, 1816. They had five children : Nelson, 
 born June 25, 1837; Martha M., born Sept. 8, 1840; Edwin 
 Evans, born March 15, 1844; Helen Isabella, born Sept. 28, 
 1846, and S. Ardella, born Feb. 17, 1850. In early life Mr. and 
 Mrs. Farrar united with the Second Congregational church 
 in which they were deeply interested and were constant atten- 
 dants upon the church services. Mr. Farrar was one of the 
 largest contributors to everything pertaining to church work. 
 In poHtics he was a Republican. 
 
 S. Nelson Farrar, oldest child of Salmon S. and Martha 
 (Evans) Farrar was born June 25, 1837, at South Royalston. 
 He attended the schools of South Royalston, and then entered 
 the employ of his father, at the age of twenty, in his wooden 
 ware shop, beginning at the bottom and working through the 
 different branches until he became a skilled workman in this 
 line. He continued in this work and in 1876 he hired a part 
 of his father's shop for the manufacture of all styles and sizes 
 of barrel covers, which he made until his father's death in 1883. 
 On Oct. 15, 1883, he purchased at public auction of the Farrar 
 heirs the manufacturing plant formerly owned by his father 
 and continued the manufacturing of barrel covers and mosquito 
 bars. On June 15, 1885, his shop property was entirely des- 
 troyed by fire removing an old landmark and the only shop 
 that manufactured dry measures in the state. At this time 
 Mr. Farrar only carried a small insurance and the loss was 
 heavily felt by him. In the fall following the fire he decided 
 to rebuild a smaller shop and put in the foundation for the same. 
 
THE SALMON S. FARRAR FAMILY 521 
 
 and the new shop was raised on the anniversarj- of the fire. 
 He continued in the manufacture of barrel covers to which 
 he added that of dry measures. In 1890 he added to the plant 
 a circular saw mill, it being the only one in that part of the town, 
 this was not only a necessity to Mr. Farrar's business but a 
 great convenience in that locality. 
 
 He married Sarah A. Whitney of Athol, May 8, 1864. She 
 was a faithful wife and loving mother, and an active worker 
 in church and charitable work, and was a constant attendant at 
 the Second Congregational church. She died Dec. 15, 1893, 
 and Mr. Farrar died April 26, 1896, of cerebral hemorrhage. 
 He was a quiet, unassuming man, who did not seek public office 
 or honors, preferring his home to anything else. They had one 
 son, Walter Nelson, born Feb. 12, 1865. 
 
 Walter N. Farrar, son of S. Nelson and Sarah A. (Whitney) 
 Farrar, was born in South Royalston Feb. 12, 1865. He at- 
 tended the schools of South Royalston and at an early age 
 spent a part of his spare time working in his grandfather's shop. 
 After his father purchased the business he continued to help 
 him until the shop was destroyed by fire. The next fall he 
 entered the employ of C. W. Day in his brush handle shop, 
 which was also destroyed by fire in January, 1885, when he 
 went to work for John L. Whiting & Son of Boston, in the same 
 line of business, until his father began rebuilding. In 1890 
 he entered into partnership with his father under the firm name 
 of S. N. Farrar and Son as the business is known today. At 
 the death of his father he represented the third generation to 
 manufacture dry measures at the same place and the fourth 
 generation in this line of work. When his great-grandfather, 
 Daniel Farrar of Winchendon, manufactured wooden measures, 
 the material was then got out by hand, and the rims bent by 
 soaking in hot water, and when his grandfather commenced 
 the manufacture of wooden measures ranging in size from a 
 quart to a half bushel he introduced a number of labor saving 
 devices not used by his father, and as the business has passed 
 from one generation to another new machinery has been added 
 and the old method of hand work dispensed with, but the high 
 reputation attained for the "Farrar measure" by the founder 
 of the plant has been maintained during the many years that 
 have elapsed since the originator started the business. 
 
522 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 S. A. Morse, one of the employees, had worked for three 
 generations of the family, going to work for S. S. Farrar, when 
 a young man; he came from Sullivan, N. H., and had worked 
 for members of the family continuously with the exception 
 of about eight years, up to a few days before his death which 
 occurred Aug. 31, 1910, at the advanced age of eighty-seven. 
 He was an expert in that line of work, and always had the 
 respect and esteem of his employers. 
 
 An act relative to the sale of fruits, vegetables and nuts 
 which took effect March 21, 1912, in regard to selling by weight 
 or numerical count, has affected the sale of dry measures to a 
 great extent here in Massachusetts. For the past twenty years 
 Mr. Farrar has been engaged in the manufacture of lumber and 
 wood fitted for the stove. He has improved the plant by erecting 
 new buildings and putting in new machinery and has also remodel- 
 ed his residence it being his birth place erected by his grandfather. 
 In politics he is a Republican. He served the town as selectman in 
 1904, 1905, 1906, 1907, 1908, and has held other minor offices. He 
 IS a member of Star Lodge of Masons, Union Royal Arch Chapter, 
 Athol Commandery Knights Templars, and Themis Chapter 
 of the order of Eastern Star. He married Nellie G. Wheeler 
 of Chesterfield, N. H. They have no children. 
 
 Martha M. Farrar, daughter of Samuel S. and Martha 
 (Evans) Farrar, was born Sept. 8, 1840. She married Henry N. 
 Foster, and died in Athol Nov. 17, 1910. She was before her 
 marriage a school teacher for several years. Her husband, 
 born Oct. 21, 1823, died in Athol April 30, 1907. Their chil- 
 dren were: Mattie Foster, born Oct. 3, 1872; Myrtie Foster, 
 born July 4, 1878; and Willie Foster, born Nov. 4, 1884, and died 
 when eight months old. 
 
 Edwin Evans Farrar, son of Salmon S. and Martha (Evans) 
 Farrar was born March 15, 1844. He never married, and has 
 always lived in South Royalston. 
 
 Helen Isabella Farrar, daughter of Salmon S. and Martha 
 (Evans) Farrar, was born Sept. 28, 1846, and died, Dec. 14. 
 1847. 
 
 S. Ardella Farrar, youngest daughter of Salmon S. and 
 Martha (Evans) Farrar, was born Feb. 17, 1850. She married 
 Dec. 17, 1874, B. Warren Rich of South Royalston. She was 
 a great help to her husband in his store, as she had acquired a 
 good knowledge of business having been associated with her 
 
CALEB W. DAY 
 
THE SAI.MON S. FARRAR FAMILY 523 
 
 father in his business for some time. Her entire life was passed 
 in the house where she was born, she having, on the death of 
 her father, purchased of the remaining heirs their share of the 
 homestead, upon which she made extensive improvements. 
 She was a woman of strong character and was highly respected 
 by a large circle of acquaintances. She died March 26, 1900. 
 
 CALEB W. DAY FAMILY 
 
 Anthony Day, the immigrant ancestor of Caleb W. Day, 
 was born in England in 1616 and belonged to an ancient family. 
 He came to Gloucester, Mass., and settled there permanently 
 some time before 1657. John Day, the father of Caleb W. Day, 
 was born in Richmond, N. H., Oct. 12, 1795. He settled in 
 Richmond and married, Jan. 20, 1821, Sally Weeks, daughter 
 of Caleb Weeks of Warwick, Mass. They had six children. 
 
 Caleb W . Day, son of John and Sally (Weeks) Day, was 
 born in Richmond, N. H.. Oct. 12, 1827. When he was five 
 years old his father died, and his mother married Lewis Fisher 
 and removed to Warwick, Mass. The family were in poor 
 circumstances and he received but a few terms of schooling, not 
 more than a year of school terms, he says, in referring to those 
 boyhood days. When but fourteen years old he came to South 
 Royalston with but seventy-three cents in money and all his 
 belongiiij^s done up in a bandana handkerchief, having walked 
 from his home, a distance of fourteen milns. He went to work 
 in the woolen mill of Rufus Bullock, which was then a full 
 fledged woolen mill employing about seventy-five hands. He 
 received five dollars a month and his board. He worked there 
 about five years, and during the last two years was overseer of 
 the carding department, for which he received one dollar per 
 day. He next went into the shoe peg shop of Beniis «& Jones, 
 and went with Mr. Bemis to Northfield, Mass., and installed a 
 shoe peg business for Murdock & Johnson and took a contract 
 to make shoe pegs by the bushel. After working at the shoe 
 peg business about three years, he worked for Mr. Jones six 
 years on contract, and bought an interest in the business, which 
 continued three j'ears. About 1862 he bought out the whole 
 business, and later bought out the pine furniture business of 
 Beckwith and Stockwell and run the business until 1885. He 
 was engaged also in the brush wood business under the firm 
 
524 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 name of Uphani & Day. His shop was destroyed by fire in 
 1885, and he resumed business after the fire in a factory which 
 he hired, located in Winchendon near the New Hampshire line. 
 He took his two sons, John W. and Charles L., in partnership 
 with him under the firm name of C. W. Day & Co., and the 
 business was carried on until July 1, 1908, when it was closed 
 up. 
 
 He always retained his residence in South Royalston, and 
 was always prominent and active in town, church and social 
 affairs. He was for more than ten years in succession on the 
 board of selectmen, was assessor ten years, and a member of the 
 school committee nine years, and one of the overseers of the 
 poor twenty years, and is a trustee of town and church funds at 
 the present time. For many years he has been an active member 
 and deacon of the Second Congregational church, and a director 
 in the Millers River National Bank of Athol. He has been 
 a member of tVe Masonic fraternity since 1886. In 1890 he 
 took a trip to Alaska. He was married Nov. 15, 1848, to Mary 
 M. Upham daughter of John M. Upham of Templeton, Mass. 
 
 The children of Caleb W. and Mary (Upham) Day are: 
 Martha C, born Feb. 20, 1850, married J. E. Lyman of North- 
 field, Mass. He is a railroad contractor and they reside in St. 
 Louis, Mo.; Ellen, born Feb. 24, 1854, married L. M. Drury, 
 proprietor of the Langdon hotel, Worcester; John W., born 
 Dec. 11, 1853, and died June 4, 1911, married Nellie McColley. 
 He was engaged in the brush wood business with his father and 
 brother, Charles L., for nearly twenty-five years in Winchendon. 
 Charles L., born May 4, 1855, married Sarah Smith of Deer- 
 field, Mass., Feb. 9, 1878, there has been born to them four 
 children; Annie M., born Jan. 9, 1879; Ethel, born July 15, 
 1883; Hattie W., born Sept. 1886, died in infancy; and Mil- 
 dred R., born Feb. 22, 1888. He served the town of Winchen- 
 don for six years as assessor and is now treasurer of the Winchen- 
 don Co-operative Bank. He was for many years engaged in 
 the manufacture of brush wood with his father and brother in 
 Winchendon. 
 
 TIMOTHY LEWIS FAMILY 
 
 Timothy Lewis was a native of Athol where he spent his 
 early life. He went to South Royalston where he became a 
 
TIMOTHY LEWIS 
 
 MRS. TIMOTHY LEWIS 
 
THE TIMOTHY LEWIS FAMILY 325 
 
 well-known citizen and spent the remainder of his life. He 
 was one of the founders of the Methodist church in South Royal- 
 ston and two of his sons became prominent ministers of that 
 denomination. He was drowned in 1853, while attempting to save 
 a child from drowning in Millers River near his home. He 
 married Sally Wait Whitmore, a daughter of Capt. Enoch 
 Whitmore, who served seven years in the War of the Revo- 
 lution, Feb. 1, 1811. Their children were: Joseph Whitmore, 
 born June 23, 1812; John Spaulding, born March 27, 1814; 
 Sally Wait, born July 18, 1817; Alvin Whitmore, born Nov. 
 23, 1819; Whitman Taylor, born June 14, 1822; Hannah Dewine, 
 born July 16, 1829; Enoch Thomas, born Sept. 6, 1830; Timothy 
 Willard, Aug. 6, 1825. 
 
 Whitman T. Lewis, was a marble worker and carried on the 
 business at Athol Centre for a number of years. 
 
 Alvin W. Lewis, married Hannah Richardson Jan. 10, 1844. 
 
 Hannah D. Lewis, married John H. Rowell May 18, 1848, 
 they lived in Clinton, Mass. 
 
 Sally W. Lewis, married Dr. Horace B. Austin March 5, 
 1845; he was a physician practicing in South Royalston. 
 
 John Spauldinu Lewis, married Louisia V. Utley, Sept. 28, 
 1843. They had two children: Maria L., born Nov. 10,1845; 
 and Sarah A., born Dec. 26, 1846. He was a shoe manufacturer 
 and lived in Royalston, Washington and Athol. He died in 
 Athol Aug. 10, 1905, his wife died March 16, 1878; the daugh- 
 ters reside in Athol. 
 
 Rev. Joseph Whitmore Lewis was born in Royalston, June 
 23, 1812, being the oldest of nine children of Timothy and Sally 
 (Whitmore) Lewis. When fourteen years old he began the 
 work of shoemaking with his father and continued in it for six 
 years. During his childhood and youth his reverence for the 
 Bible, the church, and all religious things was very deep. He 
 dated his conversion from Feb. 19, 1830, under the labors of 
 Rev. Enoch Bradley of the Winchendon circuit and united with 
 the Methodist church in Phillipston. He attended school in Athol 
 and Royalston for several months and in June, 1832, entered 
 Wilbraham academy where he remained six months, and then 
 returned home and kept school in Templeton. He returned to 
 Wilbraham in 1834 and pursued his studies there. He was re- 
 ceived on trial by the New England Conference, at its sessions in 
 Lynn, June 3, 1855, and was stationed on Rowe circuit with Rev. 
 
52(5 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 C. Haywood. As an outfit he had one hundred dolUirs, with 
 which he bought a horse, saddle, bridle, a valise and a few 
 books. He was ordained deacon at Nantucket in 1837 by 
 Bishop Waugh, an elder in Lynn in 1839 by Bishop Soule. 
 
 After his appointment at Rowe he had appointments at 
 twenty-four places extending over a period of forty-one years, 
 during which time he was disabled by sickness only three Sun- 
 days, and had only six vacation Sundays. During the first 
 eight years of his ministry his salary averaged one hundred 
 and sixty-five dollars per year, mostly paid in provisions and 
 fuel. One year he received nearly all his salary in palm-leaf 
 hats, which he exchanged at the store for goods. In 1876 
 his name appears in the superannuated list of the New England 
 conference, where it remained till his death which took place 
 in Clinton, Mass., Jan. 17, 1889. He preached the first Metho- 
 dist sermon in Enfield, Mass., and also in CHnton. The last 
 years of his life were passed in retirement at his home in Clinton. 
 He was married three times; first, to Miss Rowena E. Lennett 
 of Blanford, Mass., who died in 1852, they had one child, a 
 daughter, who died in infancy. He was married, second, to 
 Miss Dorcas K. Hey wood of Princeton, Mass., and they had 
 three children: Rev. Edward S. Lewis, D. D., who was presi- 
 dent of Chattanooga University, Tenn.; Dora R. Lewis, who 
 was an efficient and popular teacher; and Joseph W. Lewis, who 
 was engaged in business. This wife died in 1863, and he married, 
 third, Lucy H. Sawyer of Lancaster, March 10, 1864. 
 
 Rev. T. Willard Lewif^f was born in South Royalston Aug. 6, 
 1825. He was converted in 1842. He went to Fitchburg the same 
 year to learn the scythe maker's trade, and there he joined 
 the Methodist Episcopal church. In 1844 he began his studies 
 preparatory to entering the ministry. In this he was entirely 
 dependent on his own exertions for support. He fitted for 
 college in Wilbraham academy and then spent two years at 
 Union college, New York. He did not graduate, but received 
 in after years the honorary degree of M. A. He was licensed 
 as a preacher in Schenectady in 1847. Having joined the New 
 England conference, he was appointed to Leicester in 1849, 
 where he remained two years. His next pastorate was in Hop- 
 kinton. Here his wife died and he went to Clinton in the spring 
 of 1852. During his first year there his duties as the head of 
 the building committee of a new church were added to his 
 
ENOCH T. LEWIS 
 
THE TIMOTHY LEWIS FAMILY J27 
 
 regular pastoral duties. During his second year in Clinton he 
 acted as secretary of the school committee. He is said to have 
 been endowed with a warm, tender heart, a large and active 
 imagination and good sound judgment. He was an interest- 
 ing preacher, seldom profound and never dull. After leaving 
 Clinton in 1853, he had appointments in Marlboro, Waltham, 
 Boston, South Boston, Hopkinton and Worcester. In 1863 
 he took charge of the missions of the Methodist Episcopal 
 church in South Carolina and Florida. The work that he 
 laid out for himself was prodigious, church after church was 
 organized, and it is said that in eight years, he saw the mem- 
 bership of his conference in Florida alone increase from nothing 
 to thirty thousand with eighty-eight churches. He founded 
 Claflin University. When he was in Charlestown his work 
 was prosecuted with such unfaltering energy that his colleagues 
 in labor could with the utmost difficulty persuade him to aban- 
 don the fever-stricken city. When at last he was forced to go 
 it was too late to save his life. He died at Sullivan's Island 
 Sept. 30, 1871. 
 
 Enoch T. Leuris, son of Timothy and Sally Wait (Whitmore) 
 Lewis, was born in South Royalston Sept. 6, 1830. He went 
 to Athol when a young man and learned the trade of a marble 
 worker of his brother Whitman T. Lewis at Athol Centre. 
 After learning his trade he worked in Laconia and Marlboro, 
 N. H,, about four years and then returned to Athol and started 
 a marble business of his own, which he conducted successfully 
 for twenty years when he sold out to L. M. Wellman in 1873. 
 He was appointed sexton in 1853 and engaged in the under- 
 taking business in 1869 which he continued until 1884. It is 
 said that as sexton and undertaker he officiated at the burial 
 of more than eighteen hundred persons. In 1862 he enlisted 
 in Co. E Fifty-third Massachusetts regiment, and on Oct. 17 
 of that year was made sergeant and went with his regiment to 
 Louisiana; he was in the fight at the capture of Fort Bisland 
 and in all the marches of the regiment and its engagements 
 at the capture of Port Hudson, and returned with his regiment 
 in health, Aug. 24, 1865. He was appointed a Justice of the 
 Peace in 1863, and by successive appointments served until 
 his death. He was also made a Notary Public in 1874, and was 
 a Trial Justice from 1878 to 1884, when the First District Court 
 of Northern Worcester was established, and was also a coroner 
 
528 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 from 1870 to 1877. He served the town of Athol in various 
 town offices having been constable nineteen years, tax-collec- 
 tor seven years, auditor three years and town treasurer one 
 year. He was one of the enumerators of the United States 
 Census of 1880 and the state census of 1875. Mr. Lewis was 
 prominent in the Worcester-Northwest Agricultural society, 
 having served as a secretary from 1864 to 1880, with the excep- 
 tion of one year, and was president in 1882; he also represented 
 the society as delegate to the state board of agriculture for 
 three years. After retiring from the undertaking business in 
 1884, he was engaged in the settling of estates and looking after 
 his extensive real estate interests. He married Almira M. 
 Jennison, daughter of Austin and Judith (Shaw) Jennison of 
 Prescott, Mass., who was born Sept. 7, 1834; the wedding took 
 place at the First Unitarian church, Athol Centre, July 4, 1852. 
 They observed their golden wedding anniversary at Grange 
 hall, Athol Centre, July 4, 1902, when the hall was filled with 
 upwards of four hundred persons gathered to extend congrat- 
 ulations to the worthy couple. They had one daughter, Etta 
 J. Lewis, who married Dr. E. Ward Cooke, June 16, 1875. He 
 is a dentist who commenced practice in Athol in 1875, where 
 he remained for eight years going to Cambridge in 1883, and 
 becoming a prominent dentist of that city. Mr. Lewis died 
 Aug. 5, 1905. 
 
 THE LUTHER HARRINGTON FAMILY 
 
 Luther Harrington was born in Kirby, Vt., Oct. 21, 1809, 
 the son of Daniel and Mary (Forrestall) Harrington. He was 
 of the seventh generation in descent from Robert Harrington. 
 His father died in early manhood leaving Luther and two 
 younger children to the care of their widowed mother. At the 
 age of six years he went to live with Col. Josiah Wheeler of South 
 Royalston, whose wife was a sister of his mother. At the age 
 of eighteen he apprenticed himself to Daniel Hubbard of Royal- 
 ston to learn the carpenter's trade, and he bec£me a builder, 
 but later was a manufacturer of pine furniture employing from 
 four to ten hands. 
 
 He married in Holden, Mass., Jan. 2, 1834, Sarah Nourse, 
 who was born in Townsend, Vt., Aug. 13, 1812, the daughter 
 
SARAH (NOURSE) HARRINGTON 
 
 DEA. LUTHER HARRINGTON 
 
 CAROLINE E. (HARRINGTON) DEAVITT 
 
 HENRY M. HARRINGTON 
 
THE LUTHER HARRINGTON FAMILY 529 
 
 of William and Olive (Bragg) Nourse. She was of the sixth 
 generation in descent from the immigrant ancestor Francis 
 Nourse, whose wife, Rebecca, was a martyr of the Salem witch- 
 craft delusion. When the Second Congregational church in 
 South Royalston was organized in 1837, Mr. and Mrs. Harring- 
 ton were among the first members. The Sunday school was or- 
 ganized three years before, and Luther Harrington was its first 
 treasurer and librarian, and as pupil, teacher or superintendent 
 he had some part in its entire history as long as he lived. The 
 church building was erected in 1837, and he was chairman of 
 the building committee. He was early chosen as a deacon and 
 continued so until his death for more than forty years. Sarah 
 (Nourse)Harrington died Nov. 30, 1858. He married(2), in 1860, 
 Mrs. S. T. F. Burrage, and after her death, he married Mrs. 
 Harwood, who survived him. He died in South Royalston 
 Dec. 8, 1886. The children of Luther and Sarah (Nourse) 
 Harrington were: Henry Martyn and Caroline Ellen Harrington. 
 Uenry Martyn Harrington, son of Luther and Sarah (Nourse) 
 Harrington, was born in South Royalston, Mass., Dec. 27. 
 1837. He received his early education in the schools of his 
 native village, and finished his preparation for college at the 
 academy in Brattleboro, Vt. He entered Middlebury college 
 in the fall of 1856, where he remained two years, when he went 
 to Amherst college as a junior and graduated with his class in 
 1860. After graduation he engaged in the work of teaching 
 and upwards of a year was principal of New Salem academy. 
 In the spring of 1862, he was elected principal of the Spencer, 
 Mass., high school where he remained four years, when he was 
 appointed principal of one of the grammar schools of Worcester; 
 Mass. In 1874 he was elected superintendent of schools at 
 North Adams, Mass., where he remained two years, when he 
 resigned to accept the superintendency of the schools of Bridge- 
 port, Ct., which position he held until 1891, a period of fifteen 
 years. 
 
 He was the first superintendent of the Bridgeport schools. 
 Previous to that time the schools had been conducted on the 
 district plan, with eleven districts, each independent of the 
 others with Its own system of management. As the executive 
 officer of the board of education of the city he organized the 
 schools under one system with a high school at the head after 
 the Massachusetts plan. Since his retirement from the super- 
 
JJQ '■- HISTORY OF KOY ALSTON 
 
 intendenc}' of the Bridgeport schools, he was engaged in 
 various lines of business enterprises in that city. He had always 
 taken an active interest in the public affairs of the city or town 
 where he lived, although he never accepted any political 
 office. He was interested in the religious activities of the 
 Congregational churches where he lived, transferring his 
 relation to the church in the place of his residence, and 
 served as superintendent of Sunday schools in North Adams 
 and Bridgeport. He was prominent in the Royal Arcanum, 
 being a charter member of the Seaside Council of Bridgeport, and 
 a Past Grand Regent of the Grand Council of the order in the 
 state of Connecticut. On Aug. 22, 1861, he married H. Maria, 
 daughter of Addison and Jane M. (Greenwood) Lovell of West 
 Boylston, Mass. 
 
 They had three children: Jessie, born at Spencer, April 
 28, 1865, and Mabel, born at Worcester, Nov. 26, 1866, are 
 both dead. Rosa Gertrude, born at Worcester Aug. 28, 1873, 
 married Dec. 11, 1913, to Dwight M. Banks of Greenfield Hill, 
 Ct., where they now reside. Henry Martyn Harrington died in 
 Bridgeport, Ct., in 1915. 
 
 Caroline Ellen Harrington was born in South Royalston, 
 Sept. 26, 1841. After attending school in her home village, she 
 went to Kimball Union academy, Meriden, N. H., where she 
 graduated in 1862. She afterward attended Glenwood seminary 
 at West Brattleboro, Vt., where she graduated with highest 
 honors. She taught in the Orange county grammar school, 
 before that became the Randolph, Vt., normal school and later 
 in a woman's college in Ohio. Her pupils remember her as a 
 teacher of unusual ability and a loyal friend. She married 
 Thomas J. Deavitt of Montpelier, Vt., Jan. 19, 1870, and their 
 residence was in Montpelier. Five children were born to them : 
 Edward Harrington Deavitt, born Dec, 1, 1871, married Dec. 
 25, 1901, Mary E. Trumblee, he has been state treasurer of 
 Vermont; Henry M. Deavitt, born Sept. 18, 1874, married Sept. 
 11, 1905, Grace P. Hugette, he resides in Chicago and is a chemist 
 with large manufacturing interests; Carrie E. Deavitt, born 
 Feb. 28, 1876, she is unmarried and lives at home in Montpelier; 
 George T. Deavitt, born May 2, 1880, he is a stenographer in 
 New York; William J. Deavitt, born Oct. 2, 1883, is a mining 
 engineer in Mexico. All are college graduates, four from the 
 University of Vermont. Although a devoted wife and mother, 
 
THE LUTHER HARRINGTON FAMILY 531 
 
 Mrs. Deavitt never lost her deep interest in her church or in 
 affairs of state and nation. She died Jan. 17, 1915, and her 
 funeral was held Jan. 19th on the 4oth anniversary of her mar- 
 riage. 
 
 THE HALE FAMILY 
 
 *S'//as Hale, the first one of the family to settle in Royalston 
 was of the fifth generation from the immigrant ancestor, John 
 Heald, which was one of the ancient ways of spelling the name- 
 He was a son of Jacob Hale, and was born in Stow Oct. 13, 1748, 
 and died in Royalston in 1832, aged 83 years. He settled in 
 the South Village at the corner of the Templeton and Phillip- 
 ston roads. The farm used to be in Phillipston and later was 
 in Royalston. It became the property of Silas Hale, Jr., and 
 later of Anan Stockwell, who married a daughter of Silas Hale, 
 Jr. Her sister married Dr. Gould, a physician of South Royal- 
 ston. The history of Royalston mentions a magnificent elm 
 planted on the homestead by his son, Stephen, about 1790. 
 The farm was owned for many years by Mr. Sylvander B. For- 
 ristall. 
 
 Silas Hale was a soldier in the Revolution. He married 
 first at Stow, Lydia Stow in July, 1778, she died June 5, 1800, 
 at Phillipston, He married, second, Hopa Rich at Royalston, 
 Oct. 3, 1801. His will was dated Oct. 27, 1818, and was filed 
 Oct. 3, 1832, and mentions his wife Hopa, his sons Stephen 
 and Silas, and his daughter Lydia. He gave to Stephen the 
 farm on Prospect Hill, above the village of South Royalston, 
 since known as the Hale place, which he had bought of Ebenezer 
 Newell, who succeeded David Fisher the original settler on this 
 location, to Silas he gave the home place and to Lydia the Reals 
 farm which he had bought of John Pierce. 
 
 Sie-phen Hale was born in Stow June 6, 1779, and married 
 in Phillipston Feb. 7, 1802, Susan Waldron, a daughter of Col. 
 John Waldron of Dover, N. H. He settled on the home farm 
 given him by his father, and which was in the Hale family for 
 more than a century. He was proud of his alliance with a 
 daughter of the famous Revolutionary officer and statesman, 
 and named his first child John Waldron Hale, born April 1, 
 1804. The other children of Stephen and Susan (Waldron) 
 
532 HISTORY OF ROY ALSTON 
 
 Hale were: Eliza, born Nov. 30, 1805, married Abel Mannings 
 June 22, 1820; Mary Rebekah, born Aug. 24, 1807, married 
 Silas Hale of 8towe, April 8, 1835; Stephen, Jr., born Jan. 16, 
 1813, died June 26, 1815; Susanna, born June 26, 1815, married 
 Arnold Wilson; a daughter born April 16, 1821, died the next 
 day. Mrs. Susan (Waldron) Hale died Oct. 2, 1835, aged 
 fifty-three; Stephen married, second, Mary G. Brooks, who 
 survived him. He died Feb. 6, 1855, aged seventy-six. 
 
 John Waldron Hale, the first child and only surviving son 
 of Stephen and Susan (Waldron) Hale, was born at South Roy- 
 alston, and married March 27, 1839, Betsey Evans of Rocking- 
 ham, Vt., a daughter of Randall and Betsey (Walker) Evans. 
 He settled on the home farm and continued the pursuit of 
 general farming. The children of John and Betsey were: John 
 Randall, born May 27, 1840; Charles Silas, born Jan. 30, 1842, 
 died March 7, 1899; Stephen Winn, born Jan 22, 1844, died 
 Jan. 21, 1899; Emma Jane, born March 14, 1852, and Samuel 
 Walker, born Sept. 10, 1854, died 1888. John Waldron Hale 
 died July 3, 1878, aged seventy-four. Betsy (Evans) Hale died 
 April 15, 1901, aged eighty-one. 
 
 John Randall Hale, oldest child of John and Betsey Hale, 
 was born in South Royalston, May 24, 1840, and died there 
 March 17, 1905. He followed farming with his father in his early 
 life, and succeeded his father on the home farm. He became a 
 highly prosperous farmer, also a well-known auctioneer, his 
 services being in great demand at auctions all through this 
 section of the state. He was a typical New England farmer of 
 the Joshua Whitcomb type and had the respect and confidence 
 of his fellow townsmen, serving the town as overseer of the poor, 
 assessor and was a member of the board of selectmen for eight 
 years. He was a member of the Tully Lodge of Odd Fellows of 
 Athol. He married Dec. 23, 1868, Edna Elvira Boynton, 
 daughter of Alfred Boynton. They had one son, Alfred Randall 
 Hale, born at South Royalston, Aug. 4, 1875. He attended 
 the schools at South Royalston and graduated at Gushing 
 academy. He followed farming in early life and removed to 
 Springfield, Mass., April 1, 1906. While in Royalston he was 
 active in town affairs and was a member of the school committee 
 from 1899 until he removed from town. He married Garrie 
 Graham of Richmond, Quebec, Ganada. They now reside 
 in Gahfornia. On the death of his mother, in 1907, he sold the 
 
THE HALE FAMILY JJJ 
 
 farm, and this place, the home of four generations of Hales, 
 became the property of others. The other sons of John and 
 Betsey Hale removed from town and married, but no children 
 survive them. 
 
 Emma Jane Hale, an only daughter, became a teacher at 
 the age of sixteen, and conducted the district schools of South 
 Royalston and in Stowe. She entered the state normal school 
 at Bridgewater where she graduated in January, 1873. She 
 immediately obtained a fine position in the schools of Cambridge, 
 Mass., but within a year, however, she married Frederick Orin 
 Ellis, master of the Bigelow school in Boston and removed to 
 Swampscott, Mass., The first child of this union, Walter Fred- 
 erick Ellis, was born, April 4, 1876, at the ancestral home of his 
 mother's parents in Royalston. He graduated from Harvard 
 college with the class of 1900, and has been for several years 
 connected with a Boston banking house. He married Nov. 
 17, 1905, Florence Emma Hirt of New York city and has one 
 daughter, Sidonia Hirt Ellis: Other children of Emma (Hale) 
 Ellis born near Boston are: Robert Hale, born April 4, 1876; 
 Anna Hale, born June 3, 1883; and Miriam, born May 18, 1888. 
 
 THE RICH FAMILY. 
 
 The Rich Family of South Royalston, who were prominent 
 in the life of that village for more than half a century, are of 
 ancient English origin. As early as A. D. 1236, Edmund Rich 
 was the Archbishop of Canterbury. Baron Richard Rich, who 
 was born in London in 1498, was a poor barrister of humble 
 family, who rose to fame, became a wealthy nobleman and 
 founded one of the most powerful families in England. His 
 sons were the Earls of Warwick and Holland. 
 
 (1) Richard Rich, the immigrant ancestor, was born in Eng- 
 land. He appeared first in New England at Dover Neck, later 
 settled on Cape Cod and died in 1692 in Eastham, Mass. The 
 first member of the family to appear in this section was Thatcher 
 Rich (5) of the fifth generation, son of Zaccheus Rich. He was 
 born at Truro, Mass., in 1739, and died at Phillipston, Mass., 
 February 23, 1817, aged seventy-eight years. He was an early 
 settler in the town of Phillipston. 
 
5i/ HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 (VI) Thatcher Rich, Jr., son of Thatcher Rich (5), was born in 
 Phillipston, April 22, 1790. He settled on a farm in Phillipston 
 when a young man. He married, May 8, 1817, Phebe Ward, 
 granddaughter of General Artemas Ward of Shrewsbury. The 
 children of Thatcher and Phebe (Ward) Rich were: Lewis 
 Damon, born July 3, 1818; Thomas Walter, born May 1, 1820; 
 Benjamin Ward, born Sept. 27, 1821; Anna Raymond, born 
 May, 182.3, died April 16, 1825; Jeremiah Atkins, born May 8, 
 1825; Phebe Ann, born Aug. 22, 1826; George, born Sept. 20, 
 1828; John Elliot, born Nov. 3, 1830; Harriet and Harrison, 
 (twins), born Sept. 20, 1835. 
 
 Benjamin Ward Rich, son of Thatcher Rich, Jr., was born 
 in Phillipston, Sept. 29, 1821. He was educated in the common 
 schools. He conducted a general store in South Royalston for 
 many years, represented this district in the General Court, was 
 selectman of Royalston and at various times held nearly all the 
 town offices. He was well-known in musical circles as a con- 
 ductor of bands and orchestras in the vicinity. Was an upright 
 man and highly esteemed by all his townsmen. He married 
 Lydia B. Witt of Royalston. Mr. Rich died July 5, 1900. Their 
 children, all born in Royalston were: Benjamin Warren, born 
 Sept. 12, 1847; Jeremiah Edward, born Dec. 22, 1849; Marcia 
 Jeannette, born February, 1857; Charles Witt, born May 19, 
 1860. 
 
 (VII) Jeremiah Atkins Rich, son of Thatcher Rich, Jr., was 
 born in Phillipston, May 8, 1825. His earh^ hfe was spent on his 
 father's farm in Phillipston and on a farm in South Royalston. 
 When a young man he worked at the trade of a bridge builder 
 on the Cheshire and Vermont and Massachusetts railroads. In 
 1850 he went to the gold mines of California in company with 
 Captain John Whitmore and several other citizens of South 
 Royalston. He remained there about five years, and then re- 
 turned to the village where he was associated with Charles 
 Bowker in the business of chair making. Later he became 
 superintendent of George Whitney's Chair Manufacturing 
 business in South Royalston, which position he held until the 
 business was discontinued in 1893. He then retired from active 
 business, dying in November, 1899. For over forty years he 
 was a prominent and influential citizen of South Royalston. 
 He was Representative to the General Court, was Selectman and 
 served the town in various other offices of trust and honor. He 
 

 
 HRNJAMIN W. RICH 
 
 JEREMIAH A. RICH 
 
 B. WARREN RICH 
 
 JEREMIAH E. RICH 
 
THE RICH FAMILV^ 53S 
 
 was a prominent member and supporter of the Second Congre- 
 gational Church and was clerk of the society for several years. 
 He married Susan Kendall of Royalston, who died in 1903 with- 
 out issue. 
 
 (VIII) Benjamin Warren Rich, son of Benjamin Ward 
 Rich (7) was born in Royalston Sept. 12, 1847. When but 
 twelve years old he began to work out of school hours in his 
 father's store, later he worked with his father in the business, 
 and on the death of his father succeeded to it, the business being 
 that of a general country store. Like his father, he was active 
 in town affairs, was three years on the board of selectmen, 
 served on the board of health, and was a trustee in charge of the 
 Bartlett fund. For nearly ten years he was postmaster of the 
 South Royalston post office. He was a member of the various 
 Masonic organizations. He married S. Ardella Farrar, daugh- 
 ter of S. S. Farrar of Royalston. She died March 27, 1900. He 
 married, second, Mrs. Irene (Foster) Fuller of Athol. He had 
 no children by either wife. He died June 11, 1911. 
 
 Charles Witt Rich, son of Benjamin and Lydia (Witt) Rich, 
 was born in Royalston, May 19, 1860. He received his early 
 education in the schools of Royalston and later took a commer- 
 cial course at Bryant & Stratton's Commercial College in Boston. 
 He was for twelve years associated with Bradford Thomas, 
 wholesale dry goods merchant of Boston, and later became a 
 travelling salesman for the Frederick H. Sprague Co., clothing 
 manufacturers of Orange, Mass. In 1900 he established at 
 Athol a general dry goods business of which the specialty is the 
 handling of remnants. He is a prominent Mason. He married 
 August 27, 1892, Jennie M. Hughes, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. 
 Webster Hughes of Enfield, N. H. 
 
 Jeremiah Edward Rich, son of Benjamin Ward and Lydia 
 (Witt) Rich, was born in South Royalston, Dec. 22, 1849. He 
 attended the common schools of the village and then went to 
 work for Colonel Whitnej^ in his chair shop, where he was em- 
 ployed for twenty-seven years. He was then with L. Green- 
 wood & Co., for five years and drove a bread team for a while, 
 after which he returned to South Royalston and worked in the 
 grocery store of his brother, B. Warren Rich, for many years, 
 until the business was closed out in 1911. He has for a number 
 of years been janitor of Mechanics hall and the school rooms. 
 
5J<5 HISTORY OF ROY ALSTON 
 
 He married Florence A. Marcy of Claremont, N. H., Nov. 20, 
 1878, who died Dec. 24, 1900. They had no children. 
 
 Marcia Jeannetfe Rich, daughter of Benjamin Ward and 
 Lydia (Witt) Rich, was born in February, 1857; she married, 
 first, F. D. Stoekwell, and second, N. McDonald. She resides 
 in South Boston and has two children. 
 
 George Thatcher Rich, son of Thatcher Rich, Jr., was born in 
 Phillipston Sept. 30, 1828. When a young man he went to Athol 
 and learned the machinist's trade of Nathaniel Richardson in 
 the old red shop. He moved to South Royalston and then to 
 Phillipston on to the old Rich farm. While in South Royalston 
 he was mechanic in the old woolen mill. He worked for the 
 Hey woods in Gardner for two or three years, and about 1868 
 went to Fitchburg, where he was foreman of the repair shops 
 of the old Vermont and Massachusetts Railroad. He was a 
 prominent musician and well-known throughout western Massa- 
 chusetts as a Band Leader; while in South Royalston he was 
 leader of the South Royalston Brass Band, and when in Gardner 
 organized the Gardner Band. He was one of the organizers of 
 the Fitchburg Cornet Band, which was organized March 26, 
 1868, and was its leader and director until Jan. 16, 1871; the 
 first public appearance of the Band was with the Fitchburg 
 Fusihers, May 27, 1868. He also played for dances about 
 twenty-five years. He married Frances Johnson of Vershire, 
 Vt.; they had four children: Frederick, born in Athol, April 11, 
 1854; Sarah Elizabeth, born in South Royalston, June 13, 1856; 
 Thatcher, born in Phillipston, Jan. 1, 1858 and Edith, born in 
 PhilHpston, Dec. 6, 1860. Frederick married Emma Harrington 
 of Fitchburg, and married second, Mrs. Carrie McCormick. 
 He has been an engineer on the Fitchburg Railroad forty-four 
 years, and ran for many years on one of the express trains. He 
 now resides in Athol. Thatcher was also an engineer on the 
 Fitchburg road and lives in Fitchburg; he married Miss Dora 
 Fairbanks of Peterboro, N. H. Sarah EHzabeth has been for 
 many years a leading milliner of Athol and Edith, who married 
 first, W. H. Longley of Fitchburg, and second, Charles Eaton, 
 now resides in Athol. 
 
 THE BACHELLER FAMHIES. 
 
 There are several Bacheller families who have been connected 
 with Roj^alston history, the name being ^pelled in four different 
 
THE BACHELLER FAMILIES 537 
 
 ways accordino- to the several families: (Bacheller, Bachellor, 
 Bachelor and Batcheller.) 
 
 It is said there were four brothers, who came from England, 
 and as they separated and went their different ways they made 
 the agreement to spell their names in these different ways, 
 which makes it difficult and complicated in some instances in 
 tracing the several families. We shall not attempt to follow out 
 all of these families, but give sketches of some who have been 
 identified with Royalston history. 
 
 John Bacheller, Major, Esciuire and Deacon, from Reading, 
 settled north of the Isaac Metcalf or Mosman place. He was 
 born in Haverhill and married Margaret Swain of Reading 
 Nov. 13, 1766. He removed to Royalston from Reading, bring- 
 ing his wife and five children, six m.ore were afterwards added 
 to this number. He buried his wife in 1810 and removed to 
 Warwick to live with his son, Thomas, where he died. His son, 
 Thomas, married Lucy Bartlett Dec. 4, 1796. Hannah, the 
 first of his family born in Royalston, married Jonas Bartlett, 
 and was the mother of John N. Bartlett. He was a resident of 
 Royalston some thirty-five years and during that time was 
 prominent in town affairs, having been one of the early Town 
 Clerks, serving in 1790, '92 and '93 and was one of the Select- 
 men for four years. His son, John Jr., married Martha Work, 
 Sept. 30, 1790, and a daughter, Sally, married David Parks, 
 Feb. 2, 1806. 
 
 THE SILAS W. BATCHELLOR FAMILY. 
 
 Silas W. BatcheUor, grandfather of George S. Batchellor of 
 Gardner, moved from Bethlehem, N. H., in the year 1829 to a 
 farm in Royalston Center, and later to a farm near South Royals- 
 ton on a cross road; no buildings are now standing on the place. 
 This cross road leads from the main road from South Royalston 
 to Royalston Center, branching off at the Harrington farm and 
 running over the hills to South Royalston. The house was taken 
 down in pieces by George Batchellor and his father and erected 
 in South Royalston in 1869, standing about opposite the place 
 known as the Roby Safford house. Silas W. Batchellor married 
 Rhoda Goddard of Royalston. They had eleven children. 
 Silas W. Batchellor died in 1880, aged eighty-nine years, and his 
 wife in 1887, aged ninety-three. 
 
338 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 Isaac Batchellor was twelve years old when his father, Silas 
 W., came to Royalston. He lived on the farm and attended 
 school in the Cutler district. At twenty-one he learned the 
 carpenter's trade, and for some time was associated with John 
 King in the business. He worked at his trade all his life. He 
 married Mary Ann Sherwin, May 7, 184.5. They had one son, 
 George S. Bataheller. Mrs. Batchellor died in 1851, and he mar- 
 ried, second, Lorinda Bailey of Ludlow, Vt., in 1852. They had 
 two children, Fred L. and Mabel L. He moved to Baldwinville 
 in 1882, where he died in October, 1900, aged 82; his wife died 
 August, 1900, aged 72. 
 
 George S. Batchellor was born in South Royalston in 1850, 
 attended school in the old school house on the hill, and Dis- 
 trict No. 10. He worked at the carpenter's trade with his father 
 until twenty-one. In 1871 he married Alida F. Rice of Orange, 
 and took up his residence in Gardner, where he now lives. 
 
 THE SHERWIN FAMILY. 
 
 Arha Sherwin and Eunice Coffin, both of Winchendon were 
 married Dec. 20, 1819, and soon after settled near South Royals- 
 ton in the Holman District. He was one of the Assessors in 
 1827 and 1841, and one of the Selectmen in 1837. Their children 
 were : Mary Ann, Lucy Elmira, George Percival, Phebe Brown 
 and Arba. 
 
 Mary Ann Sherwin, the oldest child, born Sept. 20, 1820, 
 married Isaac Bachellor of South Royalston, May 7, 1845, and 
 always lived in that place. They had one son, George S. Bach- 
 ellor. 
 
 Lucy Elmira Sherwin, born Dec. 22, 1822, died Sept. 17, 
 1833. 
 
 George Percival Sherwin, son of Arba and Eunice (Coffin) 
 Sherwin, was born in South Royalston, Jan. 6, 1825. He at- 
 tended school in the Neal or old Holman District and at South 
 Royalston. He worked on the farm until twenty-one years of 
 age and then went to Rindge, N. H., and worked in a wood-turn- 
 ing shop, also in Winchendon. After six years he returned to 
 South Royalston and carried on a country store for two or three 
 years, and then engaged in the livery business for three years, 
 when he returned to Winchendon and was Superintendent for 
 
THE SHERWIN FAMILY 539 
 
 E. Murdock k Co., in their lumber yard about fifteen years 
 wlien he went to Orange, which has been his home for more than 
 forty years. He became a member of the firm of Sherwin, Dew- 
 ing & Lord, in the manufacture of furniture, in which he con- 
 tinued until the factory was burned about 1897, when he retired 
 from business. He never wished for public office, but was for a 
 number of years one of the Library Committee of Orange, and 
 one of the first Park Commissioners of the town, Ijeing the first 
 one to set out a tree on the Park. 
 
 He does not belong to any society of any kind but has al- 
 ways been a constant attendant of the Congregational church, 
 and an active temperance worker. He married Clementina 
 Howe of Rindge, N. H. They have one son, Arthur H. Sherwin, 
 who makes his home with his parents. Mr. and Mrs. Sherwin 
 observed the 65th anniversary of their marriage in 1916. 
 
 ADDISON SHERWIN FAMILY. 
 
 Addison Sherwin, l)orn in Templeton, Oct. 5, 1821, married 
 Amanda Partridge, daughter of Hervey Partridge. They lived 
 in New York State and Warwick for several years and came to 
 South Royalston in March, 1857, which was their home during 
 the remainder of their lives, Mrs. Sherwin dying March 25, 1879 
 and Mr. Sherwin Oct. 11, 1883. Their children were: Robert 
 Addison, born Sept. 21, 1846, he worked in the shops of South 
 Royalston and married Lydia E. Patch, daughter of Edwin 
 Patch, Oct. 21, 1869. They had one daughter, born Oct. 11, 
 1879. They lived in South Royalston until 1889, when they re- 
 moved to Cambridge, where Mr. Sherwin engaged in the paint- 
 ing and paper-hanging business. Mrs. Sherwin died May 14, 
 1909. 
 
 Oleana A., born Sept. 15, 1848, died Aug. 29, 1880. Frederic 
 Hervey, born Sept. 1, 1851: he is a farmer in Lunenburg. George 
 Henr}', born Aug. 29, 1853: is a salesman at the Jordan & Marsh 
 store, Boston, and lives in Atlantic. Flora E., born May 8, 
 18)6, married Frederick L. Drury Sept. 25, 1838. Their home 
 is in Fitchburg. 
 
 MELANCTHON SHERWIN FAMILY. 
 
 Another Sherwin family, who made their home in South 
 Rovalston for several vears was that of Melancthon Sherwin. 
 
^40 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 who was born in Winchenlon on the shores of Lake Eennison 
 in the house occupied for a number of years as a Children's 
 Home. He was born Jan. 2(5, 1810. During his early hfe he 
 lived for a time in'Mississippi during slavery days and had charge 
 of a plantation. He returned from the South to Boston, where 
 he secured a position and where he met and married Lucinda 
 Hudson of Vermont. After living in Boston for a while, they 
 went to Vermont, where two children were l)orn to them. Lucy 
 Gertrude, born. April 29, 1849 and Lyman Harrington, born 
 Aug.- 19, 1854. The family removed to North Orange, Mass., 
 where Mary Abbie Sherwin was born July 31, 1859. In 1866 
 the family moved to South Royalston for the purpose of caring 
 for Mr. Sherwin's mother and her hus))and, she having married 
 for her second husband, Edson Clark. 
 
 THE WHITMORE FAMILIES. 
 
 Three Whitmores, presumal:)ly brothers, settled not far from 
 school house No. 9. Only cellar holes mark the places of two of 
 the homes, while the third is now the residence of A. W. Neal. 
 
 Capt. Enoch Whitmore was from Acton. He was a soldier 
 in the war of the Revolution, serving several years. He mar- 
 ried Sally, daughter of Josiah Waite, May 31, 1790. They had 
 six children: Sally, born March 31, 1792; Rhoda, born May 10, 
 1794; Arven, born Aug. 4, 1796; Tamerzin, born Aug. 13, 1798; 
 Polly, born Jan. 6, 1802, and Joseph, born March 17, 1804. 
 Sally, the oldest daughter, married Timothy Lewis, Esq., Feb. 1, 
 1811. Rhoda, the second daughter, married Edward Whitney, 
 of Gerry, Nov. 8, 1812. Joseph died March 16, 1805 and Polly 
 Nov. 15, 1837. 
 
 Isaac Whitmore was an early, if not the earliest owner of 
 the present Neal farm and built the present square substantial 
 farm house. He married Rebecca Piper, Dec. 20, 1792. They 
 had eight children born to them: Rebecca, born July 15, 1793, 
 married Israel Knights, March 30, 1810; Sally, l)orn March 22, 
 1796, married Jason Knights of Phillipston Nov. 8, 1812, by 
 whom she had fourteen children, one of whom, Rosanna, married 
 Wilder Cross of South Royalston and now survives at the age 
 of 84, the mother of Senator Fred W. Cross. In later life Isaac 
 
THE WHITMORE FAMILIES 541 
 
 bought the Moses Town farm, north of the Lawrence meadows, 
 and there spent his latter years. 
 
 J ohn Whitmore, also a Revolutionary soldier, settled just 
 east from Isaac on the south side of the road leading to New Bos- 
 ton and near the foot of the hill east of No. 9 school house. He 
 had several children, the best known of whom was Capt. John 
 Whitmore, who was one of the early manufacturers of South 
 Royalston, and also one of the California Forty-Niners. 
 
 THE JONES FAMILY. 
 
 A7nos Jones came from Acton in 1763 and settled north of 
 what was the Cutting or Cummings place. A good moose story 
 is told of him. He was out looking up his cattle and hearing a 
 crashing among the underbrush supposed them to be at hand, 
 but instead of his cattle a huge moose came forth and confronted 
 him. His trusty gun soon put an end to the moose, whose side 
 he afterwards converted into a pair of leather breeches and a 
 side saddle. The breeches he wore himself; but upon the side 
 saddle he pursuaded one Lydia Wooley of Acton, to ride home 
 with him and take permanent possession of the saddle and his 
 domestic affairs, their marriage taking place Oct. 11, 1770. They 
 had a family of six children: Amos, born July 9, 1773; Lydia, 
 born April 26, 1775; Elizabeth, born March 6, 1777; Susana, 
 born Feb. 12, 1779; Silas, born Nov. 22, 1780, and Reuben l)orn 
 Oct. 9, 1782. He sold the first place where he settled and bought 
 the place south of the Cutler farm, now owned by Lemon. He 
 died March 21 1826, at the age of eighty-four years. Reuben 
 Jones married Mary Davis, Feb. 16, 1815, and Susana married 
 Joseph Godard of Athol, Jan. 10, 1811. Elizabeth Jones never 
 married, she was known as Aunt Betsey Jones and lived to be 
 one hundred years old. 
 
 Silas Jones, second son of Amos and Lydia (Wooley) Jones, 
 succeeded h"s father on the farm, and did an extensive business 
 in farming, having one of the best farms in this part of the coun- 
 try. He raised ninety bushels of corn to the acre, and two years 
 in succession harvested four hundred bushels of corn besides 
 other grain. One year having cleared a large wood lot and put 
 it into rye, he had twelve hundred bushels of rye in addition to 
 four hundred bushels of other grain. Once he slaughtered a cow 
 
342 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 from his own herd, whose net weght was ten hundred antl 
 twenty-five pounds. He was promirent in town affairs, was one 
 of the Selectmen of the town from 1821 to 1839 inclusive, with 
 the exception of four years, and was one of the Assessors for 
 nine years. He married Mrs. Rebeckah Sawyer of Templeton, 
 Dec. 2, 1811. Their children were: Silas, born Sept. 24, 1812; 
 Willard, born Oct. 25, 1813; Hannah, born March 30, 1815; 
 Elmore, born May 18, 1816; Aaron, born May 16, 1820; Alden, 
 born Nov. 7, 1824; Elmira, born Sept. 30, 1825, and Elnathan, 
 born Feb. 7, 1829. 
 
 Silas, Jones, Jr., married Mary Smith of Winchendon, July 4, 
 1842. She died Nov. 8, 1846, and he married, second, Sarah 
 Cudworth of Putney, Vt., July 22, 1848. A daughter by his first 
 wife, Ellen N. Jones, born Sept. 30, 1844, married Winfield S. 
 Stockwell of Athol. She died in Athol May 2, 1915. 
 
 Hannah Jones married Daniel Foster, March 11, 1837. 
 Elmer Jones died Jan. 16, 1833, at the age of sixteen years, and 
 Elmira Jones married John C. Bartlett of Gardner, Nov. 27, 
 1844. 
 
 Dea. Aaron Jones, son of Silas and Rebeckah (Sawyer) Jones 
 was born May 16, 1820. He succeeded his father on the fine old 
 farm overlooking South Royalston village, and was one of the 
 most prominent and progressive farmers of his day. He was for 
 many years a Deacon of the Congregational church of South 
 Royalston. He married Mary Ann Byam of Fitzwilliam, N. H., 
 in July, 1845. He had a son, Leander W. Jones, who was for a 
 number of years a member of the firm of Murdock & Jones, mer- 
 chants at South Royalston, afterwards he engaged in the cattle 
 business in Colorado, and later was in business in Leominster, 
 where he died Nov. 25, 1883, of typhoid fever. A daughter, 
 Clara, married Homer T. Rice, and her home is in Leominster, 
 Mass., where Deacon Aaron Jones died Oct. 26, 1894. 
 Elnathan Jones was a carpenter and lived in Athol. 
 
 LUTHER BOWKER FAMILY. 
 
 Luther Bowker, youngest child of Luther and Betsey Bowker, 
 was born in Winchendon, Jan. 22, 1826. He married Charlotte 
 Newton Maynard, daughter of Oren and Huldah Maynard, 
 Sept. 2, 1850. They had three children: Cora Hattie. born in 
 
THE LUTHER BOWKER FAMILY 543 
 
 Gardner, Feb. 18, 1852; Edwin Luther, born in Winchendon, 
 Dec. 11, 1854, and Albert Monroe, born in South Royalston, 
 June 14, 1858. Mr. Bowker was a mechanic and made his home 
 in South Royalston for many years, and died in that place Feb. 1, 
 1884, of valvular disease of the heart, and his wife, Charlotte N. 
 Bowker, died in Spring;field, Vt., July 3, 1S88. 
 
 Cora H. Bouker was married in South Royalston, Dec. 9 to 
 Charles H. Evans, a son of Alden Evans of Royalston. He has 
 been engaged for many years in the wood, coal, ice and hay busi- 
 ness. Their home is in Baldwinville. 
 
 Edwin Luther Bowker, oldest son of Luther and Charlotte 
 (Maynard) Bowker. He came with his parents to South Roy- 
 alston when but a few years old, and his education was obtained 
 in the South Royalston schools. When a young man he went 
 to Templeton and in 1882 he became associated with his brother- 
 in-law, Charles H. Evans, in the wood, coal, ice and hay busi- 
 ness, under the firm nam.e of Evans & Bowker, which for more 
 than twenty-five years transacted a large and profitable busi- 
 ness. He served for fifteen years as highway surveyor, and has 
 held all the important offices of the local tribe of Red Men. 
 He is also a member of the Odd Fellows. He married Lucy F. 
 Wood in Royalston, Feb. 19, 1882; they had two sons, Floyd 
 Luther, born Oct. 13, 1883, and Lee Edwin, born April 23, 1885. 
 Lucy Wood Bowker died May 25, 1887, and Lee Edwin Bowker 
 died May 9, 1899. Mr. Bowker married, second, Mary E. 
 Darrah, in Baldwinville, May 28, 1892. Their children are: 
 Roy Clement, born May 15, 1893, and Ruth Charlotte, born 
 March 11, 1896. Floyd Luther Bowker married Ethel May 
 Field in Fitchbnrg, Nov. 5, 1912. 
 
 Albeit M.Eowker, youngest child of Luther and Charlotte 
 (Maynard) Bowker, married Kate Bishop of Baldwinville, Feb. 
 5, 1881. They had a daughter, Cora Lillian, born Aug. 25, 
 1881, who married Edwin L. Hersey in Baldwinville, Oct. 24, 
 1911. They reside in Athol. Mr. Bowker died Dec. 18, 1903. 
 
 BRASIER H. FRENCH FAMILY 
 
 Brasier H. French, for many years engaged in the Livery 
 Stable business in South Royalston, was born in Orange, Mass., 
 July 14, 1834. He married Sara Jane Eddy, Nov. 1, 1856, at 
 
544- HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 South Royalston; two children were born to them: Herbert 
 Walter, born Aug. 6, 1858, and Sumner Clayton, born March 8; 
 1865. Brazier H. French died in Worcester, Jan. 23, 1905. 
 
 Herbert Walter French attended the South Royalston schools 
 after which he worked in the chair shop of Col. Whitney until 
 that business was closed up; he then entered the store at Royals- 
 ton Centre, working for his brother, Sumner C. French, from 1899 
 until 1906, when he entered business for himself at North Salem, 
 N. H., in a general country store, where he remained four years 
 and was also the Postmaster of the village. He sold his business 
 on account of sickness in his family, and is now living at Cano- 
 bie Lake, N. H., and is a traveling salesman. He was married 
 on Dec. 15, 1887, to NelHe Orissa Gilmore of West Royalston, 
 and they have seven children, all born in Royalston. 
 
 Sutmier Clayton French, youngest son of Brazier H. French, 
 has been the postmaster and proprietor of the store at Royalston 
 Centre since 1900. He was married June 1, 1887, to Ada Mellen, 
 of Royalston. They have two children. Hazel Lillis, born June 
 7, 1888, and Mildred Almira, born Sept. 7, 1890. 
 
 THE STOCKWELLS 
 
 William Stockwell the immigrant ancestor of the Stockwell 
 families of Sutton and Royalston was born in England about 
 1650. The family tradition has it that he was enticed on board 
 ship when a young lad and followed the sea after serving his 
 apprenticeship in the old fashioned way. It is said that he was 
 Scotch and born in Scotland, l)ut the name is unc}uestionably 
 English. 
 
 Capfian John Stockicell, son of William Stockwell was born 
 in Ispwich about 1687 and died at Sutton, Mass., March 29, 
 1778 aged 91 years. He married in 1717, Mary Lombard, soon 
 after coming to Sutton. He was a soldier in Capt. Wain- 
 wright's company from which he was discharged with sixteen 
 others, July 16, 1707. • He became Captain after settling in Sutton. 
 This John Stockwell and his son John, Jr., were among the 
 first purchasers of land in this town, having purchased of Caleb 
 Dana and the other proprietors when the township was known 
 as Royalshire. Their purchase was made September 27, 1753, 
 consisting of two hundred acres and included lot No. 16 in the 
 
THE STOCKVVELLS 5/J 
 
 south part of the town. Capt. Stock well was then sixty-six 
 years old, and it was evidently intended for his son who was in 
 his forties, but John Jr., died in 1765, never leaving Sutton ap- 
 parently. Part of the land was sold to Capt. John's second son, 
 Daniel, in 1763, and he settled there soon after. 
 
 Daniel Stockwell (3), son of Capt. John (2) was born about 
 1719 in Sutton probably. He was a cordwainer by trade. 
 He resided in Sutton until about 1763 when he settled in Royals- 
 ton. He bought his land of his father and brother John Jr., 
 one hundred and thirty acres; the land is described as being 
 bounded by land of Benjamin Woodbury and John Howard, 
 and the deed was dated September 27, 1763. He sold 85 acres 
 of land to his son Moses Stockwell May 13, 1777, Moses being 
 of Northfield although he returned to Royalston and had 
 lived there before. He was of Royalston March 5, 1768, when 
 Daniel conveyed him land in Royalston. Moses had three 
 children born in Royalston before he went to Northfield; Abner 
 born December 13, 1768; Hannah, born December 10, 1770; 
 Daniel, born December 1, 1772; Sarah, born November 8, 1774; 
 Moses, Jr., born March 8, 1777. He married Sarah Peirce at 
 Royalston, October 15, 1768. Daniel Stockwell bought of 
 William Town of Royalston, 90 acres near Deacon Woodbury's 
 
 land June 2, 1773. Daniel Stockwell (3) married Miriam 
 
 and their children were: Moses of Northfield and Royalston, 
 Abraham and Abigail who married at Royalston August 15, 1768, 
 Benajah Woodbury. 
 
 Daniel Stockwell (4) was born about 1745 probably in Sutton. 
 He died in Royalston February 13, 1817. He married October 
 6, 1767 Rebecca Warren at Westboro. They had twelve children, 
 all born in Westboro. He went back to Royalston to live after 
 all the children were born, probably about 1790. Most of the 
 children of these families settled in other towns. 
 
 Joseph Stockwell, who also came from Sutton, purchased 
 the south part of the Rogers Chase farm. He and his wife died 
 in 1816 aged eighty-six and eighty-seven years. They brought 
 up a large family; several of their children settled in town, from 
 whom have sprung the numerous families of this name. Their 
 son Judah settled at home. He married Sally Cutler November 
 29, 1791 and their children were: Joseph, born June 11, 1792; 
 Jonathan, born December 22, 1793; Tarrant, born January 19, 
 1795: Rebecca, born January 12, 1798; Emmons, born October 
 
546 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 21, 1802; Luke, born October 31, 1804; Elvira, born November 
 17, 1807; and Betsey and Sally born November 13, 1799. 
 
 Joseph Stockivell married Dorothy Drury of Athol March 26, 
 1821, they had two daughters; Jonathan never married; Tarrant 
 Stockwell married Susan Cutler of Royalston, they moved to 
 Vermont and died there leaving no children; Rebecca married 
 Samuel Delvy of Warwick; Emynons Stockwell married Elvira 
 Wood, a sister of John Wood, September 20, 1831, and suc- 
 ceeded his father on the farm. He died October 14, 1849 at the 
 age of a few days less than forty-seven years. His children 
 were: John Wood, born September 16, 1834: Sylvester, born 
 July 24, 1843, who died at the age of a little more than six years; 
 Winfield S., born November 5, 1845; Francis E., who married 
 Hattie Hale of Winchendon, moved to Vermont and later to 
 Nebraska and Wisconsin; and Chester Twitchell who became a 
 prominent dentist in Springfield, Mass. A sketch of him appears 
 in another chapter. 
 
 Luke Stockwell never married; Betsey Stockwell married Seth 
 Twitchell of Athol May 6, 1822, and they had three children: 
 Salhj Stockwell married Chester Twitchell of Athol June 10, 1823, 
 they had two children, who lived to grow up, one of whom is 
 Elbridge Twitchell of South Royalston; Elvira Stockwell married 
 Alfred W. Boynton July 6, 1836, they had one child, Edna Elvira, 
 who married John Randall Hale of South Royalston, December 
 23, 1868. 
 
 John Wood Stockwell, son of Emmons and Elvira (Wood) 
 Stockwell, was born in Royalston September 16, 1834. His 
 home was on the original Stockwell farm settled by his great- 
 grandfather about 1763. He was one of the most prominent 
 farmers of Royalston and at the time of his death owned four 
 hundred acres made up of three farms. He was one of the most 
 prominent members of the Second Congregational Church of 
 South Royalston, and was an active worker in the same. He 
 married Maria C. Adams, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Thomas 
 Adams of Lowell, Mass. Mr. Stockwell died July 3, 1915, and 
 Mrs. Stockwell, July 24, 1915. 
 
 Winfield S. Stockwell, son of Emmons and Elvira (Wood) 
 Stockwell, was born in Royalston, November 5, 1845. He 
 married Ellen A. Jones, daughter of Silas Jones Jr., of South 
 Royalston. He resided in South Royalston about two years, 
 and then went to Des Moines, Iowa, where he remained al)out 
 
THE STOCKWELLS 547 
 
 four and one-half years, and then went to Athol which has since 
 been his home. He was employed in the Richardson machine 
 shop about eighteen years, and was with the L. S. Starrett Co. 
 four or five years. He has for several years been engaged in the 
 manufacture of levels and transits, having a shop at his residence 
 on Drury Avenue. He has two children, IVIary, who married 
 Charles Ingalls and Gertrude M. who married C. Eugene Tandy. 
 Mrs. Stockwell died May 2, 1915. 
 
 George Stockwell, son of Reuben and Betsey (Chase) Stock- 
 well, was born December 20, 1818. He married Sabra Bosworth 
 June 26, 1843; their children were: Warren U., born May 9, 
 1844, died 1909; George Henry, born October 11, 1845, lived in 
 Westminster, Mass.; Reuben H., born March 31, 1847, resides 
 in Worcester; Joseph F., born May 15, 1849, married December 
 22, 1874, Miss Ellen Lewis of Winchendon. He lived on a farm 
 near the Winchendon line, and on other farms in Royalston, was 
 treasurer of Royalston Grange for several years, died March 25, 
 1913, he had two children, Myron E. Stockwell and Cora E.; 
 William S. born September 17, 1850; Chloe Maria, born July 29, 
 1852, married Walter A. Hartwell of Fitchburg, Mass. Sara/j 
 A., born April 4, 1854, married Ansel Bishop of Keene, N. H.; 
 Martha A., born April 19, 1856, married Joel H. Sibley, December 
 3, 1882, they have resided in Gardner, Winchendon and Worcester, 
 and their home is now in Leominster, they have one daughter. 
 
 He married, second, Mary Prouty. 
 
 The children of George and Mary (Prouty) Stockwell were: 
 Edu-ard S., born March 3, 1858, lived in Templeton; Mary Jane, 
 born May 30, 1860, died 1880: Ellen E., born October 16, 1862, 
 married L. N. Cleveland of Baldwin ville, Mass.; James Frederic 
 born August 29, 1865, resides in South Framingham; Franklin B., 
 born July 4, 1867, married Clara E. Holmes of Millbury, Mass- 
 June 19, 1891. He has resided in Winchendon for nearly thirty- 
 years, they have three daughters Gertrude E., Myrtle 0., and 
 Grace A.; Hattie E., born April 23, 1869, died 1908; Walter A., 
 born April 18, 1872, resides in Baldwinville. 
 
 Simeon Stockwell married Sarah Nichols, August 25, 1788. 
 Their children were: Reuben, born June 7, 1789, Isaac, born 
 November, 1790, Simeon, born April 13, 1795, Sally, born 
 December 23, 1798, Freeman, born December 26, 1800, Ammi, 
 born June 1, 1806. 
 
548 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 Reuben Stockwell married Betsy Chase April 24, 1817, their 
 children were: George, Ijorn, December 20, 1818 and Maria, born 
 October 1, 1821, Marie married Rev. Warren Cooper of Wales, 
 Mass., August 29, 18i2. 
 
 Isaac Stockwell married Melinda Turner April 1, 1816. 
 Their children were: E:lmund and Ehnon, twin sons, born 
 February 18, 1817, Anan, born, January 2, 1819 and Cordelia, 
 born, February 14, 1821; Edmund lived in South Royalston 
 village and was engaged in the manufacture of brush woods, he 
 married Laura J. Townsend, July 25, 1845; Ehnon lived at home 
 on the farm and was a farmer; Anan married Lydia Ann Hale, 
 daughter of Silas Hale and resided for many years on the old 
 Hale farm; Cordelia married Emory Bemis, February 12, 1840. 
 
 Simeon Stockwell, Jr. married Ruth Piper July 7, 1815, they 
 had two sons, D wight and Joseph; Sally Stockwell married 
 George W. Drury of Athol, March 14, 1827, Afnmi Stockwell 
 married Susan Day, April 13, 1837, she was a native of Hopkinton 
 and was born October 18, 1808, their children were: Charles H., 
 born in Athol June 30, 1838, Susan E., born July 18, 1840, 
 Lydia A., born April 9, 1843, remained single and lived in 
 Winchendon, Harriet A., born July 14, 1847, died March 6, 1853; 
 Charles H. Stockwell, married Sarah Eaton, a native of Clinton, 
 November 14, 1860, they have five children and reside in Clat- 
 shanie, Oregon; Susan E. Stockwell, married Henry Whitcomb 
 June 9, 1870, they live in Baldwinville and have three children: 
 Florence, born in Gardner March 12, 1S76, Clarence E., born in 
 Gardner, February 1, 1880, has two children and reside in Minne- 
 apolis, Minn., Crystal E., born in Royalston, February 3, 1886, 
 resides in Minneapolis. 
 
 Ammi Stockwell and his wife were killed by a tornado when 
 on a visit with their son Charles H. Stockwell at Burlington, 
 111., this occurred on the night of the 4th of July, 1876. 
 
 Freeman Stockwell, son of Simeon and Sarah Stockwell, 
 was born December 25, 1800. He married Lydia B. Day 
 June 4, 1827. They had two sons, Edwin, born May 17, 1828 
 and Caleb, born November 1, 1830. 
 
 Edwin Stockwell married Martha E. Flint, of Braintree, Vt. 
 December 14, 1853. They had three children: Emma E., 
 Eva L., and Ellsworth F., all three born in South Royalston. 
 He was brought up on his father's farm, and learned the car- 
 l)enter's trade. He also had a shop where he manufactured 
 
f\ 
 
 J3t 
 
 ^ 
 
 DEA. AARON JONES 
 
 4iiP^ 
 
 DEA. JONAS M. TURNER 
 
 CALEB N. vSTOCKWELL 
 
 EDWIN STOCKWELL 
 
THE STOCKWELL FAMILY 579 
 
 different useful articles. He played in the South Royalston 
 Band for quite a long time, and attended the Methodist Church. 
 
 Emma E. Stockwell was born October 11, 1854, married 
 Arthur B. Story August 12, 1877 in Winchendon. They reside 
 in Gardner, Mass.; Eva L. Stockwell was born May 9, 1859, 
 married Elijah P. Foster October 6, 1881 in Fitchburg. 
 
 Ellsworth F. Stockwell was born May 28, 1837, married 
 Phoebe A. Thomas September 14, 1872, at South Royalston. 
 They had one daughter, Grace May, who died March 24, 1899 
 about five years of age. 
 
 Caleb N. Stockwell, youngest son of Freeman and Lydia (Day) 
 was born in Royalston November 1, 1830. He married Mary 
 Battles May 2, 1855. They had two daughters, Eleanor M., 
 who married Alfred W. Neale, and died in February, 1903, and 
 Lena, who married Harry Beady. They reside in South Roy- 
 alston. Mr. Stockwell was a prosperous farmer. He died 
 March 31, 1907. 
 
 THE WHEELER FAMILIES. 
 
 Probably the first of the Wheeler families to settle in Royals- 
 ton was Lieut. Nathan Wheeler, who settled east of the Centre. 
 He and his wife organized with the Congregational Church in 
 1766. The records state that Levi, son of Nathan and Mary 
 Wheeler was baptized April 2, 1775, and that David, son of 
 Nathan and Mary, was born May 9, 1766. They removed to 
 Lincoln, N. H., about 1792. 
 
 PAUL WHEELER FAMILY. 
 
 Paul Wheeler came from Acton, Mass. and settled in South 
 Royalston on the farm now owned by Charles H. Brooks. He 
 married Eunice, daughter of Josiah Wait, who had also settled 
 on an adjoining place. They had one son, Josiah Wheeler. 
 
 Col. Josiah Wheeler, son of Paul and Eunice (Wait) Wheeler, 
 was born February 14, 1795 and died January 18, 1857. He 
 married Martha Forristall of Fitzwilliam, N. H., December 
 28, 1814, she was born August 2, 1795 and died Nov. 24, 1878. 
 They had fourteen children, born on the farm now owned l)y 
 (Jharles H. Brooks, and all of whom with one or two exceptions 
 
350 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 lived to manhood and womanhood. Their children were: 
 Sarah Lovell, born December 1, 1815, married Otis Bemis 
 September 20, 1837, died May 26, 1838; Jesse Forristall, born 
 April 17, 1818; Martha Gibson, born Nov. 22, 1819, married 
 Lucas W. Partridge November 25, 1840. and married (second) 
 John Sabiii Flagg of Springfield; Maria Phillips and Mary Gil- 
 bert, twins, born September 10, 1821, Maria married Charles 
 Everett of Templeton June 27, 1844, she died November 12, 
 1890; Mary married Jonas Turner June 13, 1845; Ezra L., born 
 August 12, 1823, married Mary Ann Wilder of Templeton. died 
 November 13, 1889; Josiah Wait, born May 29, 1825, died Jan- 
 uary 16, 1896, married Nancy Wilder and moved to Illinois 
 where they both died; Jemina Albee, born July 8, 1827, mar- 
 ried Edward G. Cutter, they had two children, Marth'a M., 
 born in South Royalston November 22, 1848, and one who died 
 in infancy, she lived in South Royalston the greater part of 
 her life, and died January 9, 1907 at the home of her daughter, 
 Mrs. M. M. Wheeler; Rvfus Brigham Phillips Wheeler, born 
 May 3, 1829, married Emeline Wescott of Warwick, they 
 had three children, Encz E., born September 19, 1854, Hattie 
 Maria, born June 24, 1856 and H. Herbeit, born April 23, 1858. 
 
 Mr. Wheeler was a mason by trade, and lived in South 
 Royalston and Orange. Enez E. Wheeler, taught school in 
 South Royalston and Orange about five years and married Albert 
 L. Barrett of Oiange, March 16, 1875, they had one son, Clayton 
 Austin, born Janu£ry 19, 1880 and died April 12, 1914, Mr. 
 Barrett died May 18, 1896; Lydia Jones, born March 25, 1831, 
 married Simon Smith of Warwick; Amanda E., born April 21, 
 1833, m.arried David W. Day; Jane E., born April 11, 1835, 
 married John Slate of Paxton; Lyman S., born April 11, 1837, he 
 enlisted in Co. L 25th Mass. Infantry as a private and came home 
 a sergeant, after his discharge he went to Indiana, and afterward 
 to Nebraska, he now resides in San Diego, Cal., he married 
 Eliza Barnard; Sarah B., born April 18, 1840, died March 24, 
 1841. 
 
 Jesse Forristall Wheeler, oldest son of Josiah and Martha 
 (Forristall) Wheeler, was born in South Royalston, April 19, 
 1818, he succeeded his father on the home farm, which he con- 
 tinued to carry on after his father's death, and also worked quite 
 extensively at his trade of stone mason until he sold the farm 
 about 1896, and then made his home with his son, Joseph 
 
THE WHEELER FAMILIES 551 
 
 Wheeler in South Royalston, he held many town offices, being 
 Selectman and Assessor about fifteen years, and his judgment in 
 business was much sought after and highly valued. He was a 
 member of and earnest worker in the Methodist Church of 
 South Royalston as long as it existed. He married Sarah E. 
 Stockwell of Athol. April 2, 1849. second, Mary Stockwell. 
 Paul Wheeler married, second, Phebe Hill of Athol, October 
 3, 1803, thir children were : Daniel, born January 12, 1804, 
 Eunice, born August 9, 1809, Leonard, born March 5, 1811, 
 Lord Nelson, born October 24, 1813, and Abigail, born October 
 20, 1819. 
 
 Leonard Wheeler, son of Paul and Phebe (Hill) Wheeler, 
 married Phebe Smith of Winchendon, September 15, 1833. He 
 lived in Royalston Centre, and was known as the "Village 
 Blacksmith," was prominent in town affairs and was town 
 treasurer from 1858 to 1864 inclusive. They had three children: 
 George Nelson, born in Shelburne, June 12, 1835, he married 
 Sarah Cutler of Jaffrey, N. H. for his first wife, and Mrs. Annie 
 Murphy of Uniontown, Pa. for his second, he was a railroad 
 engineer and lived in Pittsburg, Pa., he hatl one daughter, Mary 
 E. Wheeler, born in Easton, Pa. December 14, 1868, who 
 married Charles Carruther, and lives in New Kensington, Pa., 
 Mr. Wheeler died in Uniontown, Pa.; Sarah E. Wheeler born 
 in Royalston January 12, 1838, married Cyrus P. Reed of 
 Royalston and died in Orange, May 20, 1915. Warren L. 
 Wheeler, born in Royalston March 25, 1813, hi 5 occupation 
 was that of a blacksmith and wheelwright, and he lived 
 in Fitchburg for many years, he married Ellen A. Knights 
 March 2, 1870 in Lowell, Mass., they had two children, Nellie 
 Genevieve, born in Hudson, Mass., May 21, 1876, married 
 June 12, 1900 in Fitchburg to George L. Nash of Greenfield, 
 Mass., they live in Fitchburg, Bessie May born in Royalston 
 December 3, 1878, and died there Septend.)er 16, 1880; Lord 
 Nelson Wheeler, youngest son of Paul and Phebe (Hill) Wheeler, 
 a sketch of whom appears in the educational chapter, Abigail 
 the youngest daughter married Robert Wood, Jr., January 6, 
 1840. 
 
 RUSSELL WHEELER FAMILY. 
 
 Russell Wheeler, widely known as Dr. Wheeler from hi.s 
 
yJ2 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 (extensive practice as a veterinarian, came from llehoboth, 
 Mass., and settled in the west part of Royalston on the old 
 stage road near what was formerly Moore's Mill. He had 
 sixteen children, and lost five by the epidemic that prevailed in 
 1795, all he then had. He died in 1825 at the age of sixty years, 
 and was succeeded by his son Capt. Russell Wheeler, who sold 
 the place to his brother Benjamin. The house was burned in 
 1852, when Benjamin removed to South Royalston, which was 
 ever after his home. Of the children of Russell and Elizabeth 
 Wheeler, Aaron, born March 14, 1799 married Clarissa Coller of 
 Orange February 8, 1820; Anna, born March 14, 1803, married 
 Calvin Coller of Orange, November 30, 1820; Mason, born 
 June 29, 1788. married Sarah Ellis of Richmond, N. H., Janu- 
 ary 4, 1820. 
 
 Benjamin Wheeler, son of Russell and Elizabeth Wheeler, 
 was born in the west part of Royalston in 1810. He married 
 Mary Ann \\ hitney, sister of Colonel George Whitney, Feb- 
 ruary 23, 1847. They had three children — Levi Whitney, born 
 June 10, 1848. and two who died in infancy. In the early fif- 
 ties he moved to South Royalston, which was ever after his 
 home. He had charge of the South Royalston station from 
 soon after the time that he came to the village until about 
 1870, when he retired from active business. He died in 1884. 
 
 Levi Whitney Wheeler, son of Benjamin Wheeler, mar- 
 ried Martha M. Cutter. They had five children — Frank B., 
 Ernest E., Florence E., Fred B. and Grace E., of whom the 
 first three are still living. They have always resided in South 
 Royalston. 
 
 Russell Wheeler, Jr., son of Russell and Elizabeth Wheeler, 
 was born Oct. 8, 1795, and married Irena Boyce January 23, 
 1812, when he was a few months more than sixteen years of age, 
 and his bride was a little less than twenty years. They had six 
 Children; Patty, born Jul}' 12, 1812, married Zimri Bowen of 
 Richmond, N. H., December 10, 183.5; Russell, born September 
 15, 1814; Mason born August 23, 1816; Jeremiah Bishop, born 
 July 18, 1818; Charlotte Boyce, born July 17, 1820, married 
 Je.sse Foristall Jr., April 1, 1841; and Samuel B. who died when 
 young. 
 
 Jeremiah Bishop Wheeler, was married at Calais, Vt. to Miss 
 Louise Wheeler, March 2, 1845, he died at Phillipston, Mass., 
 January 6, 1895 and his wife in Athol March 12, 1910, they had 
 
THE WHEELER FAMILIES 353 
 
 five children, James Elliot, Juliette, Elmer Jeremiah, Addie 
 Jane and Charles M. 
 
 Elmer Jeremiah Wheeler, son of Jeremiah Bishop Wheeler, was 
 born in Royalston, July 1, 1850. He was married in South 
 Royalston July 2, 1876 to Lettie A. Royce of South Royalston. 
 They have four children; Lester Elmon, born in Templeton 
 August 28, 1879; Cora Lettie, born in Templeton December 22, 
 1881 ; Ralph Anson, born in Templeton June 6, 1883 and Everett 
 Roswell, born in Winchendon, August 27, 1888. Mr. Wheeler's 
 business is general repairer at the M. E. Converse toy shop, 
 Winchendon. 
 
 James Elliot Wheeler died January 20, 1885; Juliette married 
 Fred Kendall and is now living in Phillipston; Addie Jane 
 married Lorenzo Gates and now lives in Athol; Charles M. died 
 January 21, 1892. 
 
 Robert A. Wheeler, son of Russell, Jr. and Irene (Boyce) 
 Wheeler, was born in Royalston July 18, 1823, married Caro- 
 line Goldsmith. Their children were: Julius R., Henry R., 
 George, Ellen, Emma and Addie. He married, second, Grace 
 Gibbs, Julius R. Wheiler was born in Walpole, N. H., mar- 
 ried Emma Hinds of South Royalston, Feb, 16, 1873; he is a 
 mechanic and their home is in Baldwinville; their children are 
 Henry R. and Arthur J.; Henry R. is a music teacher and re- 
 sides in Baldwinville, he married Lora A. Williams April 14, 
 1914; Arthur J. married Gertrude Whitney and they reside in 
 Keene, N. H. Henry R, Wheeler, son of Russell, Jr., and 
 Irene Wheeler, married Mabel Longley and lives in Worcester. 
 George died when a 3'oung man. Ellen married John Peckham 
 of Phillipston and her home is in Worcester. Emma married 
 Richard Damond of Templeton. Addie married Marshall. 
 
 Benjamin S. Wheeler, son of Russell, Jr., and Irene (Boyce) 
 Wheeler, married Julia Doggett. Their children were Samuel, 
 Clarence E., Harry and Frank. Samuel married Emma 
 Chase and resides in Waterville. Clarence E. married Amelia 
 Day of South Royalston, daughter of David and Amanda 
 (Wheeler) Day; he died Feb. 13, 1910. Harry went West and 
 married. Frank married Ora Bliss and resides in Swanzey, 
 N. H. 
 
 Amanda Wheeler, daughter of Josiah Wheeler, married 
 David Day of South Royalston. Their chilbren were Amelia, 
 Elith, Etta and Gaor^e L. Amelia married Clarenca E. 
 
b54- HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 Wheeler. Edith married William E. Clement; they reside in 
 Boston. Etta married Timothy Stebbins of Springfield. Geo, 
 L. married Miss Pratt of Athol. 
 
 THE CLARK FAMILY. 
 
 Benjamin Clark came to Royalston from Bridgewater, 
 Mass. and settled near South Royalston about 1765, bringing his 
 wife with him in an ox-cart. He was a drummer in the Rev- 
 olutionary War, and is believed to have been at the battle of 
 Bunker Hill. He had five boys and one daughter. All of the 
 boys, Edson, Eben, Josiah, Samuel and Timothy, settled in 
 Royalston and reared families, with the exception of Josiah, 
 who settled in Wendell, Mass., the daughter married and went 
 West. 
 
 Samuel Clark, son of Benjamin Clark married Luseba Ward, 
 daughter of Jabez Ward of Athol, May 2, 1821, they lived and 
 died on the farm now owned by Warren Thompson in the west 
 part of Royalston. Mr. Clark died in December 1858 and his 
 wife in the spring of 1884. Their children were Luseba born 
 February 8, 1822, died July 23, 1822; Samuel W., born Septem- 
 ber 1, 1823; Esther H., born January 10, 1827; Warren R., born 
 September 24, 1828, died November 12, 1839; Lyman B., born 
 March 5, 1831, died June 5, 1872; Susan G., born June 11, 1833 
 and Lyman J. born September 7, 1835. 
 
 Samuel W. Clark, born September 1, 1823. Removed to 
 South Ryegate, Vt., and had four daughters: Esther H. Clark, 
 married James J. Smart, March 3, 1852. They had eight chil- 
 dren, there being three pairs of twins: Lucretia C. and Luceba 
 M., born March 14, 1857; James Harry and P'annie D., born 
 July 30, 1861; Charles and Agnes S., born May 18, 1869; Wil- 
 liam, born 1855; and Albert, born July 21, 1859. Mrs. Esther 
 (Clark) Smart lived in Athol for many years, where she died 
 Jan. 23, 1908, Susan G. Clark married Calvin Chapin of Roy- 
 alston and they lived on the old homestead of her father. They 
 had five children: Walter S,, who is a real estate agent and 
 resides in Gardner; Adelle married Charles F, Chase of Royal- 
 ston; Esther Finette married Wm. W. Tandy and their home is 
 in Gardner; Myrtie married Willian: Lovewell of Royalston; 
 Alice is unmarried and lives in Winchendon. human J. Clark, 
 youngest child of Samuel and Luseba (Ward) Clark, marri'^d 
 
THE CLARK FAMILY JSJ 
 
 Susie Ward of Brookline, Mass., June 27, 1866; they had 
 four children, two of whom died in infancy, and Mabel and 
 Frank, who live at home. When a young man he became clerk 
 in the large carpet store of Goldth wait of Boston, where he was 
 one of the leading salesmen for many years. He is now retired 
 from business and liv^es in Brookline, Mass. 
 
 Eben Clark married Sally Chase, May 27, 1813. They had 
 nine children all born in Royalston as follows : Sally, born 
 August 28, 1813; Eben, August 12, 1815, died June 3, 1817; 
 Mehitable Edson, April 17, 1819, married Daniel W. Upham 
 August 9, 1840; Mary Ann, May 26, 1821, married Luke Temple 
 of Templeton October 28, 1847; Nancy Chase, May 14, 1823 
 married Joshua N. Upham of Templeton, December 17, 1846; 
 Eben Franklin, August 22, 1825; Elmira, June 16, 1828, died 
 August 21, 1847; Moses Lovell, August 17, 1830, married Anna 
 M. Temple of Gilsum N. H. and lived in Fitchburg Mass. 
 where he was a house painter and was prominently identified with 
 the temperance cause. He died at the summer home of his 
 nephew A. C. Brown in Lunenburg; Lyman Austin, born Sep- 
 tember 12, 1833. 
 
 Ambrose Clark, son of Edson and Lepha (Fuller) Clark was 
 born in South Royalston January 15, 1806 and died in May, 1882. 
 He married Miss Joanna Sherwin of Winchendon, December 12, 
 1827. Their children were: Melancthon W. S., born in 1828; 
 Ambrose Handel, born July 2, 1831; Joe Ann, born in 1836; 
 Edson, born in 1834; Harriet W. born in 1878 and Allison born in 
 1841. 
 
 L?/wan C/arA', son of Edson and Lepha (Fuller) Clark, was 
 born in Royalston, June 15, 1813. He married Olive Chandler 
 of Auburn, and they had three children: Ezra Tower, Cortland 
 A., and Lyman L. Ezra Tower Clark married Eliza Sargent; 
 they had three children, Nettie S., Lizzie and George; Nettie S. 
 
 married Eugene G. Twitchell; Lizzie married Hall. 
 
 Mr. Clark died April 19, 1915. 
 
 Cortland A. Clark married Anna Hathaway of Grafton. 
 They had five children. He died in Gardner. 
 
 Lyman L. Clark was born in South Royalston June 21, 1844. 
 In early life he worked in the chair shop, and was for thirty 
 years a merchant in South Royalston, having as a partner a 
 portion of the time, Henry A. Safford, the firm name being 
 
556 HISTORY OF ROY ALSTON 
 
 Clark & Safford. He was postmaster from 1885 to 1901. He 
 sold his store to E. J. Richmond about 1904, since which time 
 he has not been engaged in business. He was, with his father 
 and brother, a member of the old South Royalston band, and is 
 the only survivor. He married Ellen Sargent. 
 
 Ambrose Handel Clark, second son of Ambrose and Joanna 
 (Sherwin) Clark, spent his boyhood days upon the farm and in 
 a chairshop. He was one of the California Pioneers of 1849 that 
 vvent from South Royalston. When a young man he engaged in 
 selling made clothing and was a conductor on the union railroad 
 of Cambridge, Mass. During the Civil War he enlisted for 
 nine months in Co. A. 47th Regiment Mass. Volunteers. He 
 married Miss Mary Holman Coye in Cambridge in 1857, and 
 they had five children born to them, all living in Cambridge, 
 Mass. For the last forty-eight years of his life he was collector 
 for the Cambridge Gas Light Co. He was a member of the 
 Grand Army and the Pioneers of California. 
 
 Melancihon W . S. Clark, oldest son of Ambrose and Joanna 
 (Sherwin) Clark, lived in Lynn and was conductor on the Nar- 
 row Guage Railroad from Boston to Lynn, and his son Edson is 
 now a conductor on the same road; he also had two daughters. 
 
 TIMOTHY CLARK FAMILY 
 
 Timothy Clark, son of Benjamin and Susannah (Dolbear) 
 Clark was born in South Royalston June 24, 1808 on the place 
 now owned by Louis Jolly, which was settled by his grandfather 
 Benjamin Clark, and where his father lived and died, and which 
 was the home of Timothy the greater part of his life. He was a 
 prominent farmer and actively interested in the affairs of the 
 town and village. He married Mary A. Sprague of Phillipston 
 March 20, 1843, Their children were: Henry Watts, who was 
 accidentally killed by falling from a bridge near the residence of 
 J. Giggie in the spring of 1858 when fourteen years of age; Ellen 
 L., who married James C. Longley; Delia M. who married C. R. 
 Taylor and now resides in East Templeton; Mary T. who married 
 Prof. A. C. Russell, and died at Kent's Hill, Me.; Emma C. who 
 married R. J. Spitz and resides in Whitestone, N. Y.; William 
 B. Clark was born in Royalston Dec. 15, 1849. He attended 
 school in Royalston and South Royalston. He married Abbie 
 J. Murdock February 8, 1871. They have three children 
 
THE CLARK FAMILIES 557 
 
 living, Walter W., bom December 10, 1875; Mabel M., born Jan- 
 uary 21, 1881; and Gladys A., born September 7, 1888. He is 
 engaged in the grocery, men's furnishings and wholesale prod- 
 uce business, also real estate in Natick, South Framingham, 
 Westboro and Worcester. His home is in Worcester. 
 
 George F. Clark, son of Timothy and Mary (Sprague) Clark, 
 was born in South Royalston. He resides in Worcester. 
 
 CHARLES HOWE BROOKS 
 
 Charles Howe Brooks was horn in Temp\eton Oct. 12, 1870, 
 son of John and Ann Richardson (Howe) Brooks, through 
 whom he is a lineal descendant of the famous John Alden of 
 the Plymouth Colony. His education was received in the Tem- 
 pleton schools. He worked on his father's farm till he was 
 twenty-one years of age, and then entered the meat business 
 with his brother, John Brooks, Jr., which they continued to- 
 gether about three years, after which he was collector for Lord, 
 Stone & Co. of Otter River. He married Mary Angie Baldwin 
 of South Royalston, daughter of Eden and Elvira M. (Town- 
 send) Baldwin, June 12, 1895. They haveone daughter, Daisy, 
 born Nov, 14, 1903. In 1895 he bought the farm long known 
 as the Jesse Wheeler farm in South Royalston, which has since 
 been his home. In addition to carrying on his farming oper- 
 ations he deals in cattle and real estate. He is prominent in 
 town affairs, having served as Sexton, Meat Inspector, on the 
 Board of Health, was the superintendent of the first piece of 
 improved highway built in town, one of the assessors, member 
 of the finance committee, trustee of the John N. Bartlett Fund, 
 and was on the Board of Selectmen from 1912 to 1915. He ani 
 Mrs. Brooks are both members of the Templeton Grange. 
 
 SYLVENDER B. FORRISTALL 
 
 Sylvender B. Forn'stall, for more than forty years a prominent 
 citizen of South Royalston, was born in Fitzwilliam, N. H., a 
 son of Jesse F'orristalL He came to South Royalston and pur- 
 chased the Silas Hale farm, one of the best farms in town, where 
 he lived for many years. He has been prominently identified 
 with town affairs, having served on the Board of Selectmen for 
 
55<y HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 nine years at different times between 1892 and 1911. He has 
 also been quite largely engaged in the lumber business. He 
 married Abbie E. Flint, daughter of Wm. R. and Hannah R. 
 Flint of Swanzey, N. H. She died May 24, 1913. Their chil- 
 dren were: Cora, Ethel, Grace and William; William married 
 Lena Harrington, daughter of Allan Harrington, and their 
 home is in Gardner. 
 
 ERNEST F. PORTER 
 
 Ernest F. Porter was born in Amherst, Mass., Jan. 1, 1880, 
 and went to Athol at an early age, where he received his edu- 
 cation in the public schools, graduating from the Athol High 
 School in 1897. He had been studying telegraphy in the rail- 
 road of^ce at Athol, and, on leaving school, went to work for 
 the Fitchburg Railroad Co. as a telegraph operator, his first 
 assignment being as night operator, for a few weeks, at the 
 Royalston station. He succeeded L. H. Perley as station 
 agent, when Mr. Perley was transferred to the Athol station, 
 July 1, 1901, and has held that position ever since. He was 
 married in 1904 to Miss Gertrude Harper of Chatham, New 
 Brunswick, and they have one daughter, Marion, born in 1906. 
 
CHAPTER XXIX 
 
 SOUTH ROY ALSTON PHYSICIANS 
 AND FIRE DEPARTMENT 
 
 SOUTH ROYALSTON PHYSICIANS 
 
 South Royalston had no resident physician until about the 
 time, or soon after, the Vermont and Massachusetts raih'oad was 
 being built through the village, when Dr. Horace B. Austin came 
 to the village and commenced the practice of medicine. He 
 married Sally W. Lewis, daughter of Timothy and Sally (Whit- 
 more) Lewis March 5, 1845. He remained in South Royalston 
 several years and then removed to Athol where he was in practice 
 several years previous to 1856. He died from the results of 
 an accident on the Phillipston road, and was succeeded in Athol 
 by Dr. J. P. Lynde. 
 
 His successor in South Royalston was a Dr. Coury, who re- 
 mained some two years. 
 
 Dr. J. B. Gould, the physician of South Royalston from about 
 1850 to 1860, was a native of Hillsboro, N. H, He was a student 
 of medicine in the medical department of Harvard University 
 and in the Medical College of Woodstock, Vt. of which he 
 was a graduate in 1850. He came to South Royalston soon 
 after his graduation. He married the youngest daughter 
 of Silas Hale, and built the house on the hill where Rev. Mr. 
 Bates lived. He was a member of the Royalston School 
 Committee seven years between 1852 and 1869. He practised 
 medicine in Templeton from 1862 to 1874 and then removed to 
 West Somerville, Mass. where he practiced for a number of 
 years. 
 
 The physician best known to the people of South 
 Royalston, and who practiced in this village longer than any 
 other one, was Dr. Henry 0. Adams. He was born in Brook- 
 field January 14, 1835, and was a brother of Dr. Frank W. Adams 
 of the Centre. He studied at the Philadelphia Electic College 
 and Dartmouth Medical College graduating from the latter in 
 1858. He came to South Royalston about 1853. He served in 
 
5(5(? HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 the army in the Civil War as a private in the 51st Mass. Regi- 
 ment, and as Ward Superintendent in one of the hospitals. He 
 married Miss Mary Carpenter of Worcester in 1860, and they 
 had one son, Walter Adams, now a physician in Northampton, 
 Mass. He was a good physician, and public spirited and up- 
 right citizen, and was for several years one of the School Com- 
 mittee. He died June 16, 1902. Later Dr. Charles A. Bates, a 
 graduate of the University of Vermont practised at South Royals- 
 ton about ten years, and then removed to Ashburnham, Mass. 
 He was followed by a Doctor McConley, who remained about 
 two years. 
 
 Dr. Walter H. Adams, son of Dr. Henry O. Adams of South 
 Royalston, was born in South Royalston September 8, 1864. 
 He attended the public schools in Royalston and later Cushing 
 Academy, Ashburnham, graduating in 1884. He graduated 
 from the Medical Department of the University of the City of 
 New York in 1889. He has practised medicine in Stoughton, 
 Mass., East Bridgewater and Northampton, having been in the 
 last named place since 1903. In 1899 he married Agnes M., 
 daughter of Hon. Aaron Hobart of East Bridgewater. They 
 have two sons, Hobart born in 1902 and John McKean, born in 
 1904. Mrs. Adams died in 1915. 
 
 THE FIRE DEPARTMENT 
 
 The Rescue Engine was bought January 17, 1885 at a cost 
 of $250 and came from Pawtucket, R. I. The organization of 
 the Company at that time was : Foreman — J. A. Rich ; As- 
 sistant Foreman — Joseph Richards; 2nd Assistant, — James 
 H. Mellen; Stewards — Almon A. Hyatt, H. H. Haywood, 
 Jerry E. Rich; Clerk and Treasurer — Robert A. Sherwin. The 
 Company at that time was composed of forty men. This engine 
 was sold to Lynn, April 2. 1893. 
 
 PIONEER ENGINE CO. NO. 2 
 
 This is a Hunneman Engine and was built in 1845. It was 
 bought in Lawrence, Mass. April 13, 1896 for Royalston at a 
 cost of $150. The officers of this company which consists of 
 twenty men are: Foreman — A. C. Kendall; 1st Assistant, J. 
 
PIONEER ENGINE COMPANY, SOUTH ROYALSTON, 1914 
 
 RESCUE ENGINE COMPANY, SOUTH ROYALSTON, APRIL 21, 1887 
 
THE FIRE DEPARTMENT 561 
 
 Wheeler; 2d Assistant, E. Twitchell; Stewards — J. HoUeran, G. 
 Duley, J. Plant; Treasurer and Clerk^F. A. Brown. 
 
 FIRE OF 1892 
 
 Probably the most destructive fire in Royalston as regards 
 the value of property destroyed was the fire of August 19, 1892, 
 when the Col. Whitney Woolen Mill at South Royalston was 
 totally destroyed. The fire was discovered about 7.30 o'clock 
 on Saturday evening August 19, in the tower of the mill, and is 
 supposed to have originated in the spinning room. It was soon 
 seen that the local firemen could not manage the fire, and aid 
 was summoned from Athol and Baldwinville, and a steam fire 
 engine was sent from each place, the one from Athol making the 
 run by train in eight minutes, and from Baldwinville by road 
 drawn l)y horses in forty-three minutes. 
 
 An employee in the mill and one of the Athol firemen were 
 overcome by the heat. The Athol firemen did not get home 
 until 5.30 o'clock Sunday morning. The mill was well equipped 
 with machinery which was totally destoyed. The total loss 
 was $175,000 with an insurance of $140,000 divided between 
 forty-five companies. 
 
 FIRE OF 1904 
 
 The "Great Fire of 1904" will long be remembered by the 
 people of South Royalston, as they saw their church, school- 
 house, bridge, and other buildings destroyed by the devouring 
 flames. The fire which occurred on Tuesday October 25, 1904 
 started about 10.30 A. M., in the old chair shop used as a picker 
 house by the Whitney Woolen Co., and is supposed to have 
 been caused by spontaneous combustion, and with a howling 
 wind blowing directly towards the east, the flames were soon 
 beyond the control of the South Royalston fire department. 
 The fire soon spread to the covered bridge spanning Millers 
 river, and located near the shop, and the bridge was soon de- 
 stoyed. Burning brands were carried far up the hill to the 
 north, and the Congregational Church, Mechanics Hall, and the 
 school-house located in the same building, Richmond's grocery 
 store and several private dwellings were soon in flames. Word 
 was sent to Baldwinville and Athol for help, and both towns 
 responded promptly with a steam fire engine and hose. The 
 
562 HISTORY OF KOYALSTON 
 
 special Athol train made the run from Athol to South Royalston 
 in eight minutes, and it was only forty mhiutes from the time the 
 message was received in Athol before the reinforcements from 
 AthDl were at the scene of the fire in South Roycilston. Other 
 houses near by caught fire and it was nearly three o'clock in the 
 afternoon before the firemen quit work. 
 
 The loss was about $40,000. It was the most disastrous fire 
 that South Royalston had experienced since the burning of 
 the Whitney Woolen Mill in 1892. 
 
 The citizens of South Royalston were much agitated dur- 
 ing the last half of the year 1884 and the opening month of 
 1885 by several fires that occurred within about six months' 
 time. 
 
 On Sunday night, June 15, 1884, the Farrar shop, owned 
 and occupied by Nelson Farrar, was discovered to be on fire 
 about midnight, and, with its contents, was burned to the 
 ground. The fire spread to adjoining buildings and the barn 
 and paint shop of Nelson Farrar were also destroyed, together 
 with two dwelling houses owned by Martin Fallon and Kdwin 
 Farrar, while other houses were damaged. The origin of the 
 fire was supposed to be accidental. 
 
 The second fire took place on the night of Oct. 19, when the 
 building" opposite L. L. Clark & Co.'s store, owned by Fred 
 Knights and occupied by him as a livery stable and store room 
 and by a meat market and barber shop, was burned about 9 
 o'clock on Sunday evening. Clark's store and the Congrega- 
 tional church were on fire at one time, and it was feared that 
 they, with other buildings, would be destroyed. Help was 
 summoned from Athol, but the fire was gotten under control 
 and the aid was not needed. 
 
 The third fire occurred on the night of Jan. 12, 1885, when 
 the brush wood shop of C. W. Day was discovered to be on 
 fire about half past one on Monday morning, and was in a 
 short time with all its contents destroyed, together with lum- 
 ber sheds. The loss was about seven thousand dollars. The 
 burning of this shop took the last business from the village, 
 with the exception of the mill and shops of Col. George Whit- 
 ney. The last two fires were believed to be of incendiary ori- 
 gin. 
 
CHAPTER XXX 
 ROYALSTON'S HALL OF FAME 
 
 In these pages we give a list of some of the native-born of Roy- 
 alston, who have attained prominence in the State and Nation. 
 
 Hon. Alexander H. Bullock — Governor of Massachusetts, elo- 
 quent orator and wise statesman. Held many important offices in 
 State and city, speaker of the Massachusetts House of Representa- 
 tives, four years mayor of Worcester, in 1879 was offered the then 
 vacant English mission by President Hayes. 
 
 Hon. Asahel Peck — Eminent lawyer, judge of the Supreme 
 Court of Vermont and governor of the State. 
 
 Hon. Rufus Bullock — Model citizen, merchant, manufacturer 
 and benefactor of his town. 
 
 James Ormond Wilson — Educator, superintendent of the 
 schools of Washington, D. C, for 15 years. 
 
 Hon. George Carter Richardson — Leading merchant of Boston, 
 and mayor of the city of Cambridge; president of the Boston Board 
 of Trade. 
 
 Major-General Lysander Cutler — Prominent in the Civil War; 
 commander of the " Iron Brigade." 
 
 Lieutenant-Colonel Charles Cummings — Journalist; proprietor 
 of the Vermont Phoenix; clerk of the House of Representatives of 
 Vermont for three years; officer in the Civil War. 
 
 Rev. Amory Gale, D. D. — Eminent Baptist clergyman and mis- 
 sionary. 
 
 Samuel C. Gale — Lawyer, and prominent business man of Min- 
 neapolis, Minn. 
 
 Major Edward A. Brown — County treasurer of Worcester 
 County for thirty-six years, a longer period than any other person 
 ever served. 
 
 William O. Brown — County commissioner of Worcester County 
 for twenty-one years. 
 
 Colonel George Whitney — Woolen manufacturer; State Senator, 
 and member of the Governor's Council of Massachusetts. 
 
 Rev. Samuel Barrett, D. D. — Eminent clergyman, for many 
 years pastor of the Twelfth Congregational Unitarian Society of 
 Boston. 
 
 Joel H. Gates — Prominent furniture manufacturer and business 
 man of Burlington, Vt. 
 
5S4- HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 William Clark Peckham — Physicist and educator; professor of 
 physics at Adelphi College; contributor to scientific journals. 
 
 Chester Twitchell Stockwell — Prominent dentist of Springfield, 
 Mass. ; author and scientist. 
 
 Rev. John F. Lehy — Educator; president of Holy Cross College. 
 
 Rev. Daniel Shepardson — Baptist minister and educator and 
 founder of Shepardson College. 
 
 Major-General Franklin Gregory — Prominent military officer, 
 and merchant. 
 
 Harrison Bliss — Prominent merchant and banker of Worcester; 
 represented the city of Worcester in the General Court, and was a 
 leader in city affairs. 
 
 Franklin Edwards Gregory — Merchant; head of one of Boston's 
 leading commission houses; director and manager of various financial 
 and other enterprises. 
 
 Rev. John Shepardson — Prominent Baptist minister, and edu- 
 cator. 
 
 Dr. Stephen Bacheller, Jr. — Physician of Royalston for forty- 
 five years; probably had a more extensive consultation business than 
 any other physician in the County and, perhaps, the State; vice-presi- 
 dent ofthe Massachusetts Medical Society. 
 
 Nancy Priest — Writer of poetry and author of "Over the River." 
 
 Josephine L. (Perkins) BaUantine — Granddaughter of Royal- 
 ston's second pastor, and well known missionary in India for more 
 than thirty years. 
 
 Hamilton S. Peck — Lawyer; Mayor of Burlington, Vt., and 
 Judge of City Court. 
 
 Caleb BufFum Metcalf — Noted Educator; established the 
 famous military academy of Worcester, Mass, over which he pre- 
 sided for thirty-two years. 
 
 Eliab Wight Metcalf — Prominent ship builder and owner in 
 Bangor, Me.; extensive dealer in timber lands of the West; promi- 
 nent in temperance legislation in Maine and Ohio, and leading citi- 
 zen of Elyria, Ohio. 
 
 Isaac Stevens Metcalf — Civil engineer; had charge of the con- 
 struction of portions of Illinois Central railroad; township trustee 
 of Elyria, Ohio all through the Civil War, and colonel of the vol- 
 unteer militia. 
 
 Harlow A. Gale — Leading business man of Minneapolis, Minn.; 
 one of the founders and manager of the city market of that city, and 
 county auditor. 
 
 Elmer W. Bliss — One of the early California adventurers; 
 manufacturer of furniture in Brattleboro, Vt., and one of the foun- 
 ders of the Burdett Organ Co. of Chicago, 111., and Erie, Pa. 
 
 Benjamin Goddard — Manufacturer of Worcester, Mass., with 
 Ichabod Washburn he started what has become the great wire 
 business of Worcester. 
 
rovalston's hall of fame 365 
 
 Rev. Ariel E. P. Perkins, D. D. — Prominent Congregational 
 clergyman of Massachusetts; pastor of the Congregational Church 
 of Ware for thirty years. 
 
 Dr. James Bacheller — Physician of Marlboro, N H., for thirty- 
 seven years; president of the New Hampshire Medical Society; Sen- 
 ator in the General Court of New Hampshire and councillor. 
 
 Benjamin Conant Perkins — Lawyer; studied with Rufus Choate; 
 State Senator and Register of Bankruptcy for Essex County. 
 
 Rev. Ebenezer Cutler, D. D. — Noted Congregational minister 
 of Massachusetts; pastor of Union Congregational Church of Wor- 
 cester for twenty-five years; elected president of the University of 
 Vermont, but declined the position. 
 
 Charles Augustus Gregory — Prominent lawyer of Chicago, 111.; 
 also interested in extensive land business in that city. 
 
 Rev. Albert Bryant — Missionary of the American Board in 
 Turkey; also well known pastor of Massachusetts churches. 
 
 Almando Ballou — One of the old " Forty-Niners," who went 
 to California; was the first to erect a frame building in Sacremento 
 City, Cal., became prominent in mercantile affairs in Boston and 
 Philadelphia. 
 
 Stephen Holman — Prominent manufacturer of Holyoke and 
 Worcester. 
 
 Rev. T. Willard Lewis — Well-known Methodist minister. Had 
 charge of the missions of that church in South Carolina and Florida, 
 and was the founder of Claflin University. 
 
 Henry Martyn Harrington — Educator. Superintendent of the 
 schools of Bridgeport, Conn., for fifteen years. 
 
 Bertha Winifred Clark — Missionary in Burmah. 
 
 Charles G. G. Paine — Educator. Superintendent of the schools 
 of the American Missionary Association for the Freedmen at Hamp- 
 ton, Va., and teacher in schools of Chicago, 111. and Detroit, Mich. 
 
 Andrew Bliss Garfield — Well-known builder of mills in the 
 Blackstone valley. 
 
 John V. Hazen — Civil Engineer. Professor of Civil Engineer- 
 ing at Dartmouth College. 
 
 Edwin Augustus Fisher — Civil Engineer. Superintendent of 
 the Pittsburg Division of the Western New York and Pennsylvania 
 Railroad for four years. City Engineer of Rochester, N. Y., from 
 1896 to the present time. 
 
 Arthur A. Upham — Educator and Author. Professor of Science 
 in the Whitewater, Wisconsin State Normal School. Member of the 
 State Board of Examiner of Wisconsin. Mayor of Whitewater. 
 
 Everett B, Bragg — Chemist. Explorer in the West Indies. 
 Vice President and Western Manager of the General Chemical Co. 
 of New York with office in Chicago, 111. 
 
 Dr. Hosea Davis — Prominent Physician of Littleton, 111., for 
 thirty-seven years. Representative in the Illinois Legislature and a 
 central figure in Schuyler County of that state. 
 
566 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 Dr. Horace Jacobs — Prominent Physician of Springfield, Mass., 
 for many years. 
 
 Davis Goddard — State Senator and County Commissioner for 
 Franklin County. Postmaster of Orange for twenty-four years. 
 
 Moses Walker Dexter — Wholesale Tea Merchant in Philadelphia 
 for thirty-two years. 
 
 Joseph Frederick Perkins — Missionary of the Presbyterian 
 Board in Brazil, South America. 
 
 George Ellis Whitney — Woolen Manufacturer. Member of the 
 New Hampshire House of Representatives and State Senator in that 
 state. 
 
 Frederick C. Nichols — Well-known Banker, Treasurer and Chief 
 Executive of the Fitchburg Savings Bank. 
 
 Leonard Nichols — United States Shipping Commissioner of the 
 Port of Providence, R. I. 
 
 Robert Winthrop Adams — Electrical Engineer. Manager of the 
 Providence office of the General Electric Co. 
 
 Fred W. Cross. .Representative to the Legislature from First 
 Worcester District three years, and State Senator from the Fourth 
 Worcester District. 
 
 Geoffrey B. Lehy — Prominent merchant of Boston. Member of 
 the Finance Commission for City of Boston, and first President of the 
 Boston City Club. 
 
 Brigham, Newton Bullock — Prominent Banlrer of Fitchburg, 
 Mass. 
 
 Joseph Raymond — Well-known merchant in Baldwinsville and 
 Royalston. Contributed the first money for founding a public li- 
 brary in Royalston. 
 
 Charles Watson Bowker — Leading grain and produce merchant 
 of Worcester and owner of large real estate interests in that city. 
 
 William H. Bullard — Manufacturer of Holyoke, and President 
 of the Board of Trade of that city. 
 
 George W. Holman — Railroad Contractor in the West. Super- 
 intendent of Streets of Fitchburg, Mass. 
 
APPENDIX 
 
HISTORICAL ADDRESS 
 
 AT THE 
 
 ONE HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 
 
 OF THE 
 
 INCORPORATION of THE TOWN OF ROYALSTON 
 
 AUGUST 3, 1915 
 
 BY FRED W. CROSS 
 
 Mr. Toastmaster, Honored Representatives of our state and na- 
 tional government, Fellow Citizens and Friends of Royalston: 
 
 I am placed to-day in a very peculiar position. My friend, Mr. 
 Nichols, in his introductory remarks has said some very pleasant 
 things about me. I only vv^ish that they were all true. For one of 
 his remarks I feel that I must get back ,at him in some way, and so 
 I am going to tell you how, knowing my rather insurgent proclivities 
 in politics, he said to me the other day: "Now, Fred, if you could be 
 a little more of a regular." 
 
 I say I am placed in a somewhat peculiar position. Within a 
 week after a most excellent outline of Royalston's history has ap- 
 psared in the Athol Transcript, and when within two days a most 
 eloquent historical sermon has been delivered in yonder church by 
 the Rev. Asher Anderson, and an evening discourse on the town's 
 church history has been given by the author of our fox'thooming 
 town history, and after the President of the day in his opening re- 
 marks has alluded to some of the most interesting and amusing fea- 
 tures in our territorial history, I am expected to give a historical 
 address. But I am going to punish you just the same. 
 
 Royalston invites you here to-day to assist her in celebrating, 
 not her age, but her youth. While other municipalities boast of 
 their two centuries or two centuries and a half of history, we come 
 to tell you that we are only 150 years old, — But the book of those 
 years has written upon its pages as honorable a record as one might 
 wish to see. 
 
 As the historian delves in the early records of these New Eng- 
 land townships he naturally seeks first for some Indian traditions, 
 some stories of sudden attack, of brave defense, of captivity and of 
 massacre. He looks for some relics of the aboriginal tribes who 
 three centuries ago roamed these hills, fished these streams, and set 
 their cornfields in our fertile valleys. For Indian traditions the 
 historian of Royalston will seek in vain. 
 
 Nearly seventy years before this town was incorporated, King- 
 Philip's war had put an end to the power of the Nipmuck tribes of 
 
ir HISTORY OF ROYALSTOISf 
 
 Central Massachusetts and the Payquage or Pequoig Indians as a 
 body had deserted the valley of Miller's River even as the Squakeags 
 of Northfield, the Pocumtucks of Deerfield, and the Norov^^ottucks of 
 Hadley had left the valley of the Connecticut. True it is that in. 
 later years, even as late as 1756-58 marauding parties of red men 
 from Canada appeared in northern Massachusetts to kill and plunder 
 and destroy, but they usually followed the regular routes southward 
 along the Connecticut River, or the Hoosac River and the Mohawk. 
 Trail, and seldom or never threaded these forest fastnesses where 
 the Poquaigs once roamed and hunted. 
 
 Only once within my recollection has a stone axe head been 
 turned up by the ploughman near the banks of Miller's River in the 
 South village, a reminder of a race and an age that has long since 
 passed away. Indeed, perhaps we may consider ourselves fortunate 
 that we have no Indian history, for in almost every New England 
 town that does possess it, it is a story of slaughtered settlers, and 
 sacked and smoking homes. 
 
 The origin of Royalston as a territorial unit was peculiar and 
 somewhat amusing. She came into being as the result of a genuine 
 "closing out sale." By the middle of the 18th century most of the 
 territory lying east, south, and west of ihis present township had al- 
 ready been disposed of by grants of the General Court. As early as 
 1733, Narragansett Number Six, now Templeton, had been granted 
 to certain persons and the heirs of other persons who had done ser- 
 vice in King Philip's War. About the siame time, Payquage, now 
 Athol, was granted to sixty proprietors, who held their first meeting 
 at Concord, Mass., in June, 1734. In 1735, Ipswich-Canada, now 
 Winchendon, had granted to sixty persons, fifty-two of whom came 
 from Ipswich in Essex County, hence the early name of the grant. 
 The original Indian name of Warwick, our western neighbor, was 
 Shaomet. It was an English plantation, prior to 1750 and bore the 
 name of Roxbury Canada. Phillipston and Orange had not yet come 
 into existence as separate plantations. They were created later out 
 of the territory of the towns already named. Now came the bargain 
 sale. 
 
 It is an almost threadworn story to the person familiar with 
 Royaiston's genesis, how in 1752 the General Court ordered that all 
 the remaining lands, not yet granted, lying between Payquage and 
 Narragansett Number Six on the south and the boundary of the 
 province of New Hampshire on the north should be surveyed and 
 sold at public auction. We know this was accordingly done and that 
 the Honorable Messrs. Erving, Freeman, Hubbard, Otis, Royall, 
 Watts, and others bid off this tract of about 28000 acres for the 
 modest sum of £1348, or a little less than twenty-five cents an acre. 
 
 The author of our forthcoming town history will tell you later 
 in detail of the Moore, Pierpont, Priest, and Hapgood grants, private 
 tracts within the township which had previously been alloted to indi- 
 viduals and were not included in the sale of 1752. He will also tell 
 
APPENDIX III 
 
 yt)u of the Royalston "leg," so-called, a sort of a dipper handle pro- 
 jection lying- between the northern boundary of Winchendon and the 
 Province line, a tract which had not been included in the grant to 
 the Ipswich proprietors and hence formed a part of the purchase of 
 Messrs. Royall, Otis, and their associates. Always a troublesome 
 appendage, this "leg" was legally amputated in 1780 and annexed 
 to Winchendon, to which town it more naturally belonged. 
 
 The early meetings of the proprietors at the Bunch of Grapes 
 Tavern, Boston, the laying out of the first sixty-three lots in 1753, 
 the naming of the grant Royalshire in honor of Col. Isaac Royall of 
 Medford, a leading proprietor, the clearing of land and sowing of 
 rye fields by prospective settlers from Sutton, — all these are matters 
 too well known to require more than a passing reference. 
 
 But the exciting scenes of the last French War interrupted all this 
 work, and it was not until the early summer of 1762, three years 
 after the capture of Quebec and the close of hostilities on this con- 
 tinent, tKat a bare half dozen pioneers, probably from Sutton, es- 
 tablished permanent homes within our borders. Two years and a 
 half later, in February, 1765, the town was incorporated under the 
 name of Royalston. Such in brief is the story of our birth. 
 
 The dozen years that followed 1762 was a period of rapid settle- 
 ment and growth. Then came the seven years' War for Independ- 
 ence. The approach of this conflict was viewed with great interest 
 by the inhabitants of this township. To the first Provincial Cong- 
 ress held at Concord in 1774 they sent as a delegate Henry Bond, 
 a respected and intelligent farmer, who resided about twenty-five 
 rods east of the present road to South Royalston near the ruins of 
 the Eddy place. To the second Provincial Congress, which assembled 
 in the early spring of 1775, the town sent Nahum Green, whose home 
 was in the valley west of the farm of the late John W. Stockwell. 
 As the Rev. Joseph Lee, who had been ordained as minister of the 
 First Church, 1768, was himself a native of Concord, Mass., a centre 
 in the opening scenes of the Revolution, it may be conceived that he 
 imparted much of his interest and patriotic fervor to the people over 
 whom he had spiritual charge. 
 
 At the time the conflict opened there were already two organ- 
 ized military companies in town, Captain Peter Woodbury's "Royal- 
 ston Company," the Ninth Company in Col. Sparhawk's Seventh 
 Worcester County Regiment, and Captain Jonas Allen's Company of 
 minutemen. The roll of Captain Allen's company has been found in 
 the State Archives and a copy is in my possession. That of 
 Captain Woodbury's Company is unfortunately missing. Captain 
 Allen's minutemen, twenty-four in number, responded to the Lexing- 
 ton Alarm in April, 1775, and each is credited with from seven to 
 forty days of service. Thirteen members of that company re-enlist- 
 ed in Captain Abel Wilder's Company of Colonel Ephraim Doolittle's 
 reghnent and served with that command during the siege of Boston. 
 
 A portion of Captain Woodbury's Company commanded by 
 
IV HISTORY OF ROYAI.STON 
 
 Lieutenant Jonathan Sibley and known as Lieutenant Sibley's de- 
 tachment, responded to the Bennington Alarm in August, 1777, Cap- 
 tain Woodbury himself being- at that time in command of the Petsr- 
 sham Company, which also responded to the same alarm. 
 
 It is impossible within the limits of a brief address to dwell at 
 length on our Revolutionary history. The infant township fur- 
 nished for that conflict nearly one hundred men. In searching the 
 archives of the town and of the Commonwealth I have recently col- 
 lected the names and records ofninety-four men, who unquestionably 
 served on Royalston's quota during some part of the Revolution 
 and twenty-five more Revolutionary soldiers who were post bellum 
 residents of the town. A few served only for brief periods as on the 
 Lexington and Bennington alarms; many had several sucessive en- 
 listments to their credit; by far the larger number had long and 
 honorable terms of service. One would like to speak at length 
 of some of these early heroes, and especially of such men as 
 Bezaleal Barton, who resided on the Col. Willavd Newtcn place, 
 Silas Cutting, who lived on the old Hadley farm near Stone's Mills; 
 Jno. Hutchinson, whose home was on the present F. H. Goddard 
 place, and Isaac Nichols, Jr., who lived on- what is now the Charles 
 Chase farm, all of whom had honorable records and died in the 
 service of the young republic. 
 
 Following the Revolution, came thirty years of peaceful develop- 
 ment. Farms multiplied and increased in acreage of tilled land. 
 The population steadily grew. Sawmills, grist mills, and tanneries 
 increased in number. Several hatters and shoemakers and one or 
 more clothiers established here. Sheep raising was an important in- 
 dustry. The great bulk of all the commodities consumed were home 
 produced. 
 
 Stimulated by the Embargo Act of 1807 and the interference 
 with our commerce incident upon the War of 1812 and aided by the 
 abundance of water power furnished by Miller's River, manufactur- 
 ing soon arose on a larger scale. In 1813, a cotton and woolen 
 manufacturing company was organized and a mill erected at South 
 Royalston. Thus, just over one hundred years ago was the textile 
 industry on a commercial scale established in this town. 
 
 Meanwhile exciting events were transpiring near our borders. 
 In 1814, a British army was gathering to invade northern New Eng- 
 land, supported by a formidable fleet on Lake Champlain. In the 
 same year, Essex, Connecticut, several miles up the Connecticut 
 River, was burned and plundered by a British armament and the 
 enemy was still believed to be hovering off our New England coast. 
 In this crisis Royalston was able to furnish a full company of gren- 
 adiers armed and equipped for the public service. In August, 1814, 
 this company was summoned to Boston to be employed if necessary 
 to defend our coast. After listening to an eloquent and appropriate 
 sermon by the aged and reverend Joseph Lee, they started, some with 
 solemn, some with jubilant hearts, on their eighty-mile tramp to the 
 
APPKNDIX V 
 
 capital city of the Commonwealth. Five v/eeks of camp and g-arrison 
 duty followed, at the close of which they were all honorably dis- 
 charged and sent home, seme it is said to regret to their dying- day 
 that no hero blood had been shed but that all came back alive. 
 
 This company of fxrenadiers, organized about 1810, was kept 
 up with periodical trainings and musters until about 1850, and its 
 rolls bear the names of many of our most virile and public-spirited 
 citizens. On its lists were borne the names of four men, Benj. 
 Bsrov/n, Wil3?.rd Newton, Elmer Newton, and Josiah Wheeler, each of 
 whom in turn became Colonel of the Fifth Regiment, 2nd Brig., 7th 
 Div. of the Massachusetts militia, a tribute surely to the military 
 standing of the sons of Royalston. 
 
 But to return once more to the activities of pejace. The Cotton 
 and Woolen Manufacturing Company organized in 1813 continued 
 to do business for several years with varying success. Finally, 
 about 1830, the entire plant passed into the hands of Rufus Bullock, 
 who was really the father of South Royalston's woolen industry. 
 The original mill was burned in 1833, and its successor — the stone 
 mill — was destroyed by fire in 1892, after the business had been 
 conducted for many years by Col. George Whitney, aided by his son, 
 who graces this platform with his presence to-day. 
 
 Meanwhile, several smaller forms of manufacturing sprang up 
 in town until as early at 1837, besides the woolen mill, Royalston 
 possessed three manufactories of chairs, furniture, and cabinet ware 
 and eleven saw-mills, and the population had increased to 1629. 
 Three years later it reached the maximum of 1657. 
 
 Until the middle forties, the inhabitants belonged almost ex- 
 clusively to the old English Puritan siock. Immigrant laborers v/ere 
 first employed in the construction of the Vermont and Massachusetts 
 Railroad, which was opened for traffic in 1847. Most of these early- 
 immigrants camo from Ireland, driven from that fair country by 
 famine and hard economic conditions and allured to New England 
 by the prospect of plenty of work and ful Ipolitical liberty. After 
 the railroad was completed, many of these new-comers settled in our 
 midst, obtained employment in the woolen mill, bought farms, raised 
 up large families of children, and were readily assimilated as a part 
 of our population. Their descendants are still among us, most 
 valued and respected citizens. 
 
 The years from 1850 to 1860 witnessed marked industrial 
 progress, and then came the thunder burst of the Civil war. Your 
 historian to-day might spend the entire time alloted to him in review- 
 ing Royalston's part in that conflict. With a population in 1860 
 numbering only 1468, the town is credited with a total of 147 enlist- 
 ments, or ten per cent, of its entire population. Most of her soldiers 
 were members of hard-fighting regiments. Eleven served in the 
 Second Regiment, eleven in the 21st Regiment, thirty in the 25th, 
 twenty-five in the 36th, twenty-seven in the 53d, and the remainder 
 in various commands. Of the 138 separate individual soldiers serv- 
 
VI HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 ing- on Royalston's quota thirty-five, or fully twenty-five per cent., 
 died for their country. Norcross, Upham, Knight, Vose, Bosworth, 
 Chase, Frye, White, — our hearts call the roll of their names as their 
 faces pass before us in the mists of memory. They sprang not from 
 the circles of stilted aristocracy. Not one of them was rich. They 
 were the sons of the town's yeomanry. They came from the farms 
 on these hill tops and from the workshops in these valleys. They 
 were men of the rank and file. Some came up from lowly homes, 
 performed their alloted service, made the supremest sacrifice that 
 man can make, and laid them down in unknown graves. But by 
 their act they wrote for this town a record that its sons can never 
 forget. 
 
 In the past fifty years various changes in fortune have come to 
 us as a town. Among the regrettable experiences, almost every one 
 of our manufacturing establishments have been destroyed by fire, 
 though out of the ashes of one of them has arisen the present well- 
 equipped factory of the American Woolen Company at South Royal- 
 ston, the beautiful and useful samples of whose product are on ex- 
 hibition in our town hall to-day. Again, many of the original 
 families have become extinct. One searches in vain in our list of 
 present day inhabitants for the Woodburys, the Bullocks, the Greg- 
 orys and the Whitneys; the Cutlers, the Joneses, the Hales, and the 
 Batchellors, — all of which names are well remembered by our older 
 citizens. 
 
 In the galaxy of distinguished men whom this town has produced 
 several names stand out in my mind pre-eminently. Of four I shall 
 briefly speak in closing, — two statesmen and two soldiers. 
 Each removed from Royalston in youth or young manhood, but each 
 from his first entrance upon public life until the day of his death re- 
 flected honor and credit upon the town of his nativity. 
 
 Of Hon. Ashael Peck, a most eminent lawyer, for many years 
 a member of the Supreme Court of Vermont, and at one time gov- 
 ernor of the state, I cannot speak at length, as I have no data to 
 guide me. 
 
 One native of this town, the most distinguished in civil life, was 
 born but a stone's throw from this spot. Indeed this very field was 
 a part of his paternal homestead. His grandsire came to Royalston 
 during the Revolution, and his father, the leading manufacturer in 
 this section of the state, at one time or another held almost every 
 office of honor and trust in the gift of this town or this representa- 
 tive and senatorial district. The distinguished son graduated with 
 honors from Amherst College in the class of 1836. For several 
 years preceding and during the Civil war he was a member of the 
 Massachusetts House of Representatives, and throughout the trying 
 years of 1862, '63, '64, and '65, he was the presiding officer of that 
 body. From the speakership of the House he passed to the govern- 
 orship of the State, in which capacity he sei-ved from 1866 to 1869, 
 A man of dignified personality and loftiness of character, he was 
 
APPENDIX VII 
 
 well fitted to serve this Commonwealth in the highest and most re- 
 sponsible positions in which she could place him. A sterling patriot 
 in the nation's most trying times, a princely orator, always loyal to 
 the best ideals and traditions of the old New England life, he graced 
 this platform with his presence, and charmed and instructed an au- 
 dience like this with his eloquence on a similar occasion fifty years 
 ago. As long as the history of this town, or this county, and of 
 this state endure, so long will the name of Alexander H. Bullock be 
 revered and remembered. 
 
 The old Hadley farmhouse, now deserted and tenantless, was 
 the home not only of Silas Cutting, a Revolutionary martyr, but of 
 one son of Royalston, who in later years, after occupying many posi- 
 tions of dignity and usefulness in civil life, as the crowning act of 
 his manhood's service died on the field on honor. Charles Cummings, 
 son of Joshua and Hephzibah Cummings, was bom here February 
 26th, 1821. In boyhood he attended the schools of his native town. 
 Later he studied medicine, receiving his degree as M. D. in 1847. 
 Three years a physician in Fitzwilliam, N. H., twelve years the editor 
 of a leading newspaper in Brattleboro, Vt., four years, from 1858 
 to 1861 inclusive, holding the high and responsible position of Clerk 
 of the House of Representatives of the State of Vermont, before his 
 military career began, Charles Cummings had devoted some of the 
 best years of his life to the public service. 
 
 In 1862 he enlisted as a private in the 11th Vt. infantry. Be- 
 fore leaving his adopted state, he was commissioned successively 
 First Lieutenant in the Eleventh Vermont regiment. Major of the 
 Twelfth, and Lieutenant Colonel of the Sixteenth. With the last 
 named regiment he served through the summer campaign of 1863, 
 his command bearing an important part in the repulse of Pickett's 
 charge at Gettysburg. Made commander of the Seventeenth Ver- 
 mont Regiment in the early part of 1864, in May of that year he was 
 wounded in the head at the battle of the Wilderness, but refused to 
 leave the field. Compelled by failing health to take a leave of ab- 
 sence in August, 1864, early in the following month he hastened 
 back to his regiment, only to fall wounded in its very next engage- 
 ment, at Poplar Grove Church, Sept. 30th. He died in Confederate 
 hands, but as one of the amenities of war his body was restored to 
 his regiment and returned to Brattleboro for burial. I cannot more 
 fittingly close a sketch of this hero son of ours than by repeating the 
 last command which he ever gave upon the field of battle: "Boys! 
 save the colors!" 
 
 And there is one other son of Royalston whose story will not be 
 told unless I tell it, nor unless I sing it, will his soldier song be sung. 
 
 First, friend, I shall ask you to forget this present hour and this 
 festive occasion and transport yourself with me to a little mound or 
 hillock on the south side of a rough, stony road, three miles west of 
 Centreville, Virginia. The road which stretches from east to west 
 at our feet is the Warrenton pike, the main thoroughfare between 
 
VIII HISTORY OF KOYAI.ST(^N 
 
 Warrenton and Alexandria. At this point it is a somewhat sunken 
 road, and beyond it to the northward rise ths rolling fields and 
 wooded hills of the Douglas farm. It is near the close of a sultry Au- 
 gust day. From our elevated position we can see as we glance north- 
 ward what the pedestrian as he toils along the pike cannot see, — the 
 camps of Taliaferro's and Ewell's divisions of Stonewall Jackson's 
 corps. The gray clad soldiers lie sweltering in the heat, and corps 
 and division commanders themselves are seeking on hour's rest in 
 the corner of a worm fence under the ti'ees. 
 
 But look! Of a sudden there is confusion in the camp. Ex- 
 cited couriers are seen darting hither and thither. Black throated 
 guns are deep shotted and wheeled into line. Five brigades of in- 
 fantry, among them the famous "Stonewall" brigade itself, take 
 position in front of the guns. The men lie prone upon the earth. 
 The muzzles of ten thousand death dealing tubes are turned toward 
 the pike. They are watching and waiting. We, too, watch and 
 wait. After what seems an age, we hear far away to the westward 
 the sound of martial music. Clearer and clearer come the inspiring 
 strains until finally our eyes detect in the distance the flutter of 
 bar.ners, the glint of guns and the forms of marching men. Soon 
 they are passing the very hillock on which we stand. It is King's 
 Division of Pope's Army of Virginia, Hatch's brigade of four regi- 
 ments in advance, then a wide interval, then Gibbon with the Nine- 
 teenth Indiana and the Second, Sixth and Seventh Wisconsin, regi- 
 ments that shall make for themselves a name this day that shall 
 never be forgotten while American History endures. At ths head of 
 the Sixth Wisconsin rides a gray-bearded colonel, who in his boy- 
 hood days was no stranger to these Royalston hills. 
 
 The last regiment of Hatch's Brigade has disappeared in the dis- 
 tance to the eastward, and Gibbon's men are this instant passing un- 
 der our eyes, when there is a sudden movement among the Confed- 
 erate batteries. The gunners spring to their feet. Swords gleam 
 in the mellow rays of the setting sun. A dozen, — two dozen puffs 
 of smoke fleck down the line of Wooding's and Poague's and 
 Carpenters' guns. Boom! — Boom! Boom! — Crash Crash! — and 
 the peaceful pike with its lines of jolly marchers is filled with the 
 hell of exploding shells. For nearly every regiment on which that 
 tornado fell it was its first baptism of fire. And yet what miracle 
 is this! They do not flee. Above the din of conflict we hear the 
 short, sharp orders of the gray-bearded commander of the Sixth. 
 "Left front into line! Load! Load at will! Load! !" And not 
 until every musket is loaded and rammed and capped does he follow 
 with the order, "Lie down!" The Second and Seventh and Nineteenth 
 regiments take inspiration from the gallant leader of the Sixth, 
 though they themselves are bravely led. 
 
 For four mortal hours the blazing rifles of those raw Union 
 levies ring back the challenge coming from the veterans of Taliafer- 
 ro's and Baylor's and Starke's and Lawton's and Trimble's Confed- 
 
APPENDIX IX 
 
 erate Brigades. Across the fields of the Douglas farm the muskets 
 hlaze at each other in the gathering darkness until both Confederate 
 division commanders are shot from their steeds, in the "Stonewall" 
 brigade alone three colonels are killed or disabled, while in Gibbons' 
 command the brave colonel of the Second Wisconsin is killed, the 
 three ranking officers of the Seventh are all desperately wounded, 
 while the gray-bearded colonel of the Sixth with white and com- 
 pressed lips still holds his men to the desperate work though he him- 
 self has felt the Rebel lead and one of his boots is soaking with blood. 
 But the brigade, of which his regiment formed such an honorable 
 part, has gained for itself an everlasting name, for it shall be known 
 in our history forever as "The Iron Brigade." 
 
 Time fails us this afternoon to follow our hero colonel through 
 the succeeding three years of his soldier history — to the hills of 
 Pennsylvania where the men of Cutler's Brigade fired the opening 
 infantry shots at Gettysburg, to the Wilderness where Cutler him- 
 self passed to the command of Wadsworth's division of the Fifth 
 Army Corps. We see him leading his men in person through those 
 terrible thickets where death lurked and there is blood on the snow 
 white beard. Again at Spottsylvania and yet again on the Weldon 
 railroad, south of Petersburg, — and here once more the snowy beard 
 is crimson-stained, — he commands the same noble division, in which 
 is the same gallant brigade and the same brave Wisconsin regiment 
 as Colonel of which he received his first baptism of fire at Groveton 
 in August, '62. 
 
 Friend, if you chance to drive to South Royalston this evening 
 to take your train eastward, as you pass on your left the large barn 
 and newly-painted farmhouse of Allen Harrington, remember that 
 was once the Cutler farm and that near the clump of lilacs on the 
 right of the road was born Lysander Cutler, the honored and beloved 
 commander of the Iron Brigade. 
 
 When we reflect on all that Royalston has contributed to the 
 public welfare, on how much virtue and strength have gone out of 
 her in the sons and daughters whom she has sent forth, is it any won- 
 der that they came back by hundreds on this, her natal day, and that 
 representatives of state and nation come with them to show her re- 
 spect and to do her reverence. 
 
HISTORY OF KOVALSTON 
 
 MARY (PIERCE) TURNER 
 
 Mary Pierce, daughter uf Mr. and Mrs. William and Sail}- 
 (\\'ork) Pierce was born in Royalston. March 5. 1800. She at- 
 tended New Salem Academy when 14 years of age. and after 
 several years of clerking in the store of her father, and teach- 
 ing school, she returned to the Academy for a later course of 
 study. She then engaged in teaching, and was a successful 
 and popular teacher in the schools of New York and Massa- 
 chusetts for a number of years, her last school being in Lunen- 
 burg. Mass. She married Leonard R. Turner of Phillipston, 
 June 25, 1834. They had two daughters, Mary, who died in 
 infancy, and Martha Gale, who married Joseph T. Nichols of 
 Royalston. and is the mother of Frederick C and Leonard 
 Nichols. Mr. Turner died Sept. 13, 1846, and Mrs. Turner 
 lived for nearly half a century thereafter, dying in September, 
 1892, at the age of ninety-two years. She was skilled as a 
 nurse and spent many hours in the sick room. She was also 
 skilled in the use of the needle and left many beautiful speci- 
 mens of her work in lace and embroidery. She was a great 
 reader and lover of books, and never lost her interest in public 
 affairs. The records refer to her as "Mrs. Turner of blessed 
 memory." See portrait on Page 269. 
 
 LUTHER E. STEWART 
 
 Luther K. Stewart, for many years a prominent citizen of 
 Royalston. was born in Sudbury. Mass., a son of Mr and Mrs. 
 James Stewart. He enlisted in hte 21st Mass. Regiment of 
 Vounteers at the outbreak of the Civil War, and served nearly 
 four years ; at the expiration of his term of enlistment he re- 
 enlisted and was transferred to the 36th and 56th Massachu- 
 setts Infantry. He was twice wounded in battle, first at 
 Antietam, where he received a wound in the face, and later at 
 Cold Harbor, when it was found necessary to amputate one 
 foot. He married Susan Steele Shepardson, daughter of Eri 
 and Elvira (Bemis) Shepardson of Royalston. April 10. 1878, 
 and was a resident of this town nearly a third of a century. 
 He had three children, two daughters and one son, Eri S. 
 Stewart, born April 8, 1887. He was a member of Hul^bard V. 
 
APPENDIX XI 
 
 Smith Post, G. A. R., of Athol, and was a familiar figure at 
 many of the Grand Army g^atherings and regiment reunions 
 in this part of the state. He was a prominent member and ac- 
 tive worker in the Baptist church at West Royalston, serving 
 as superintendent of the Sunday school for twenty years, and 
 treasurer of the church about the same length of time. He 
 was also interested in town afifairs. and \vas a member of the 
 school committee for several years. He died Sept. 12, 1914. 
 See portrait Page 96. 
 
 DAVID P. FOSTER 
 
 David P. Foster, who was a well-known citizen of Royal- 
 ston for nearly three-ciuarters of a century, was born in 
 Temple, N. H., Sept. 4, 1815. a son of Joshua Foster, Jr., and 
 Lucy (Tenny) Foster. His grandfather, Joshua Foster, is 
 supposed to be the first Foster that landed in America. His 
 father and grandfather both took part in the capture of Ticon- 
 deroga, his father being only sixteen years old at the time. 
 He came to Royalston when a young man, in 1834, and this 
 town was his home during the remainder of his long life. He 
 was for a number of years employed in the cabinet and furni- 
 ture shops of the Holman's at Royalston centre, and later 
 bought a farm which he carried on for many years. Soon 
 after coming to Royalston he became a member of the First 
 Congregational church and was through his life a prominent 
 member of the same. On Aug. 31, 1842, he married Nancy P. 
 Tenney. daughter of Solomon and Lydia Tenney. She died 
 Jan. 25, 1846, of consumption, and March 25, 1847. he married 
 Rebeccah M. Walker, daughter of John and Mercy Walker. 
 He married, third, Mary (Morse) Bartlett in 1859, by whom 
 he had two children, Mary Emma, born in 1865, who died in 
 1880, and Dellie Peabody, born in 1868, who married Frank B. 
 Doane and resides in Athol. David P. Foster died April 5. 
 1903. at the age of 87 years and 7 months, and Mary Bartlett 
 Foster died May 17. 1907. 
 
 MYRON WALKER SHERWOOD 
 
 Myron ^^'alker Sherwood, prominent farmer and town 
 officer, was born in Barrington. N. Y., son of Mr. and Mrs. 
 
XII HISTORY OF ROY ALSTON 
 
 Loring- Sherwood. His early childhood was spent in his 
 native town. Later the family moved to New Jersey, where 
 tiiey lived for six years, and then moved to Massachusetts, 
 coming to Royalston in 1881. He held the office of Selectman 
 in 1897 and 1898, was secretary of the School Committee thir- 
 teen years, from 1898 to 1911, and has also been road sur- 
 veyor and Forest Fire Warden. He was married Sept. 24, 
 1907. to Miss Louise Pratt of Reading, Mass., who had been a 
 successful teacher in the schools of Royalston for five years. 
 They have one son, Warren W. Sherwood, born March 19, 
 1913. 
 
 MILLARD W. WHITE 
 
 John White, the immigrant ancestor of Millard W. White, 
 came from the West of England and settled in Salem, Mass., 
 in 1638. Michael V. White of the eighth generation, father of 
 Millard W., was born in Athol or Winchendon about 1820. 
 Millard W. White was born in Winchendon Oct. 18, 1859, was 
 educated in the district schools. Engaged in farming and 
 lumbering and wdien a young man went into business on his 
 own account. He had a saw mill in Winchendon wdiere he 
 manufactured and sold lumber. In 1881 he went to Royalston 
 where he purchased a saw mill which he continued to run for 
 27 years. He was prominent in town affairs, having been 
 chairman of the board of Selectmen 13 years, overseer of the 
 poor one year and Cemetery Commissioner fourteen years. 
 He was employed by the Connecticut River Transmission Co. 
 for two years, settling the land damages on the transmission 
 line. In 1911 he moved to Winchendon and was employed as 
 general superintendent for E. Murdock & Co. for some time 
 when he started in the lumber business again for himself, and 
 is engaged in that business at the present time. He is a mem- 
 ber of the Masonic organizations, the Red Men, Patrons of 
 Husbandry and the Congregational church. In 1885 he mar- 
 ried Jane L. Goodnow of Oakham, daughter of William and 
 Sarah Goodnow. 
 
INDEX 
 
INDEX 
 
 Adams. Daniel Emerson — 117 
 Adams. D. D. — 97-98 
 Adams. Dr. Frank W. — 37-38-79- 
 109-110-117-118-119-136 - 137 - 
 140-141-142-147-150-224 - 349 - 
 
 361-39.5-559 
 Adams, Henrv — 117 
 Adams, Dr. Henrv O. — 93-94-95- 
 
 109-118-474-510-559 
 Adams. John — 117 
 Adams, John Quincv — 84-117 
 Adams, Mrs. M. A. C. — 94 
 Adams, Mabel Winifred — ini-118 
 Adams, Robert Winthrop — 101- 
 
 118-395-396-566 
 Adams, S:imuel — 83 
 Adams, Thomas — 546 
 Adams, Dr. Walter H. — 102 
 Aiken, Hon. D. W. — 285 
 Albee. Hiram W. — 25-78-470-513 
 Alden. John — 557 
 Allard. Charles — 302 
 Allen. Dea. Benjamin — 465 
 Allen, George C. — 191-449 
 Allen, Lieut. Jonas — 5-15-22-29- 
 
 53-106-327-449 
 Allison. Howard A. — 191 
 American Woolen Co. — 469-471- 
 
 494-519 
 Amsden, Washington H. — 80 
 Anderson. Rev. .\sher, D. D. — 144 
 Andrews, Elder Elisha — 69 
 Area — 3 
 
 Atv.'ell, P. G.^-100 
 Arnold. Hon. Isaac — 125 
 Assessors — 29-30-31-32-33 
 Assessors' Reports — 34-35-36 
 Atkinson, William D. — 300 
 Austin, Rev. F. D. — 93-474 
 Austin, Dr. Horace B. — 525-.^59 
 Austin iS: Work — 446-447 
 
 B 
 
 Bacheller. Asa — 24-92-327 
 Bacheller. Benjamin — 238 
 Bacheller. Dr. Jame.s — 565-120 
 Bacheller. Dr. Stephen. Jr. — 24- 
 29-36-51-76-78-82-91-92 - 114 - 
 
 116-122- 564 
 Bacheller. Dr. Stephen. Sr. — 36- 
 
 106-113-328 
 Bacheller. John — 23-29-36-106 
 Bacheller, Thomas — 234 
 Bacon. Shei-man — 264 
 Babcock, James — 48 
 Bahcock, Jonas — 15 
 Babcock, Ketuia — 86 
 Babcock. Solomon — 86 
 Baker, Harrison C. — 422-512 
 Baker. T.ouis — 422 
 Baker, Richard — 25-31 
 
 Baldwin, Eden — 557 
 Ball, Weston — 208 
 Ball, Wesson — 'tt 
 Ballantine, Josephine L. (Per- 
 kins) — 275-362-564 
 Ballantine, Rev. William O. — 275 
 
 Ballou, Almando — 211-565 
 
 Ballou, Alphonzo — 212 
 
 Ballou, Angelia — 212 
 
 Ballou, Aritania — 212 
 
 Ballou, Benoni — 462 
 
 Ballou, Clarinda — 212 
 
 Ballou, Czarina — 213 
 
 Ballou, DeForest — 211 
 
 Ballou, Devillo — 212 
 
 Ballou, Emeranza — 211 
 
 Ballou, Hosea 2d — 210 
 
 Ballou, Rev. Hosea — 210-370-209 
 
 Ballou, Lorina — 212 
 
 Ballou, L,orenzo-^212 
 
 Ballou, Luther — 210-74 
 
 Ballou, Rev. Maturin — 209 
 
 Ballou, Sophia — 211 
 
 Ballou. Waldo Russell — 213 
 
 Ballou. Russell — 74-90 
 
 Bancroft, Chester — 82 
 
 Banks, Dwight M. — 530 
 
 Bannon, Rev. Thomas H. — 479 
 
 Baptist Church, Royalston Cen- 
 tre — 72-73 
 
 Baptist Church, Warwick — 68 
 
 Baptist Church, West Royalston 
 — 65 to 72 
 
 Barber, Harding- R. — 80 
 
 Barnard. Rev. P .F. — 475 
 
 Barnes, Rev. Asa — 4 78 
 
 Barnes, A. S. — 164 
 
 Barnes, Charles D. — 439 
 
 Barnes, Myron E.- — 439 
 
 Barnum, Frve & Co. — 191 
 
 Barrett, Albe.-t L. — 550 
 
 Barrett, Clayton A. — 550 
 
 Barrett, George H. — 422 
 
 Barrett, Rev. Samuel, D. D. — 100- 
 5 63 
 
 Barrus, John W. — 417-422 
 
 Barrus. Marshall — 417-422 
 
 Barrus, William G. — 422 
 
 Bartlett. Cora Vinette — 238 
 
 Bartlett. Edward E. — 234-237 
 
 Bartlett. Elmer — 234 
 
 Bartlett. Hubert Carlton — 237-447 
 
 Bartlett. Ira — 234 
 
 Bartlett, John N. — 25-31-32-37-93 
 107-127-128-235-236-237 
 
 Bartlett. Jonas — 234-235 
 
 Bartlett. Joseph — 233 
 
 Bartlett, Luke — 234 
 
 Bartlett, Nathan — 233-234 
 
 Bartlett, Nathaniel — 233 
 
 Bartlett, Nelson Herbert — 237 
 
 Bartlett, Ollie — 235 
 
 Bartlett, John C. — 542 
 
 Barton. Benjamin — 409-410 
 
 Barton, Bezaleal — 405-406-410 
 
 Barton. Bezaleal. Jr. — 405-410 
 
 Barton. Ezra — 409-410 
 
IV 
 
 HISTORY OF ROYAI.STON 
 
 Barton, Jonathan — 405-408-409- 
 
 410 
 Barton, Peter — 410 
 Barton, Samuel — 410-53 
 Barton, Willis H. — 422 
 Bassett, Rev. M. — 478 
 Batcheller, Fred L. — 538 
 Batcheller, George S. — 286-504- 
 
 505 
 Batcheller, Isaac — 538 
 Batcheller, Silas W. — 537 
 Bates, Dr. Charles A. — 560 
 Bates, C. Waldo — 80 
 Bates, Rev. James A. — 475-474 
 Baxter, James — 122 
 Beach, Rev. E. J. — 475 
 Beadv, Harry — 549 
 Beal, Serg't. Thomas — 405-407- 
 
 410-50 
 Beale, Obadiah — 409-410 
 Beals, C. L. — 247 
 Beals, Edward A. — 498 
 Beals, Edward G. — 32 
 Beals & Bowker — 247 
 Beaman. Ephraim — 382 
 Bears & Catamounts — 50 
 Beckwith, Charles E. — 502 
 Beckwith, Nathaniel G. — 502 
 Beckwith & Stockwell — 470-471 
 Beecher. Mrs. Henry Ward — 57 
 Beer.s, Capt. — 3 
 Bellows, James — 464 
 Bellows, Thoma.s — 287 
 Bemis, Charles Bertram — 344 
 Bemis, Emil H. — 343-71-72 
 Bemis, George A. — 71-140-343 
 Bemis, George Herbert — 342 
 Bemis, John — 342 
 Bemis, Jonas — 342 
 Bemis & Jon^s — 470 
 Bemis, Leonard Atwood — 345 
 Bemis, Luke — 342-415 
 Bemis, Luke Emil — 93, 94-342 
 Bemis, Levi F. — 342 
 Bemis, Otis — 25-31-82-550 
 Bemis, Roger William — 343 
 Bemis, Samuel Atwood — 342 
 Bemis, Susan Amanda — 342 
 Bemis. William S. — 342 
 Bemis, Nathan — 415 
 Benjamin, W. — 74 
 Benchlv, Henry W. — 259 
 Bennett, H. C. — 99 
 Bennett, Henrv L. — 433 
 Benton, Col. Josiah — 463 
 Bervls — 46 
 Bervl, Hill Mine — 47 
 Best, Rev. E. S. — 355 
 Bickford, John C. — 194 
 Biennial Reunion of School Dis- 
 trict No. 7 — 141 
 Bigelow, Joseph H. — 375 
 Bigelow, J .Warren — 174 
 Bigelow, Lyman E. — 375 
 Bigelow, William Fordyce — 374- 
 
 375 
 Billings, Lewis S. — 262 
 Bird, William — 254 
 Bishop, Ansel — 547 
 Bissell, Emerson E. — 423 
 Blanchard, Benjamin- — ^467-468- 
 
 513 
 Blanchard, Charles — 423 
 Blandin, George W. — 112-447 
 Blanding, Ebenezer — 23-30-88-339 
 
 -468 
 Bliss, Aaron — 196-408-410 
 Bliss, Abel — 192-193-74-91 
 
 Bliss, Andrew Jackson — 196-444 
 
 Bliss, Benj. W. — 196 
 
 Bliss. Benj. W., Jr. — 196 
 
 Bliss. Daniel — 25-197 
 
 Bliss, Edward M. — 194 
 
 Bliss. Elmer Wait — 197-198-564 
 
 Bliss, Frederick J. — 94-193 
 
 Bliss, Harrison — 129-195-564 
 
 Bliss, Hervey Winchell — 25-31-94 
 -141-197 
 
 Bliss, Israel — 196 
 
 Bliss, James Henry — 197-198 
 
 Bliss, Nathan — 192-193-411 
 
 Bliss, Nicena — 194 
 
 Bliss, Pamelia Washburn — 195 
 
 Bliss, Persis Ann Lucretia- — 196 
 
 Bliss, Phillip Harrison — 93-141- 
 143-197-444 
 
 Bliss, Roland N.— 193 
 
 Bliss, Samuel — 465 
 
 Bliss, Stephen — 196 
 
 Bliss, Sutton & Co. — 195 
 
 Bliss. Thomas — 19i 
 
 Bliss, Timothv — 29-196 
 
 Bliss, Timothy, Jr. — 91-199 
 
 Bliss, Timothy Warren — 197 
 
 Bliss. Wm. Howe — 195 
 
 Bliss, Samuel — 91-92 
 
 Bliss, S. W. — 379 
 
 Bliss, Mrs. P. H. — 141 
 Blodgett, George — 112 
 Blodgett, Percival — 99-100 
 Blodgett, Stillman — 112 
 
 Blood & Brown — 176 
 Blood, Lorenzo W. — 476 
 Blood, William — 266-267 
 Bodett, Jesse Edgar — 497-498 
 Bolton, George D.— 38-143-341 
 Bolton, Elmer — 341 
 Bolton, Lewellyn Sumner — 341 
 Bolton, Lewellvn Sumner, Jr — 341 
 Bond. Henry — 17-23-29-30-80-81- 
 
 106-402-407-410 
 Booth. C. W. — 125 
 Bosworth Amos Bemis— 846-423 
 Bosworth. Benjamin Hammond — 
 
 346 
 Bosworth, Chauncy — 34 6 
 Bosworth. Chilson— 346 
 Bosworth. Chilson, Jr. — 347-444 
 Bosworth, George Washington — 
 
 346 
 Bosworth, Hosea Augustus — 346- 
 
 423 
 Bosworth, Ichabod — 346 
 Bosworth, Joel Sibley — 346-423 
 Bosworth. Jonathan — 345 
 Bosworth. Jonathan, Jr. — 346-49 
 Bosworth, Joseph — 346 
 Bosworth, Joseph Nelson — 346 
 Bosworth, Joseph W. — 346-423 
 Bosworth, Levi — 346-421-424 
 Bosworth, Sidney G. — 148-347-363 
 
 364-365 
 Bosworth, Silas — 346 
 Bosworth, William — 346 
 Bosworth, William S. — 346 
 Bowdoin, James — 1-83 
 Bowker, Albert M. — 543 
 Bowker, Charles — 534 
 Bowker, Charles Alfred — 247 
 Bowker, Charles Watson — 246- 
 
 247-102-47-399-566 
 Bowker, Charges Watson, Jr — 248 
 Bowker, Cora H. — 543 
 Bowker, Edwin Luther — 543 
 Bowker, George Arthur — 248 
 Bowker, George W. — 424 
 
INDKX 
 
 Bowker, Harrison Winthrop — 248 
 Bowker, John B. — 247-3!t9-400 
 Bowker, Lena May — 248-101 
 Bowker, Nathaniel — 246 
 Bowker, Samuel Ward — 245 
 
 Samuel W. — 411 
 
 Silas — 245-246 
 
 Silas W. — 246 
 Stephen Bigelow — 245- 
 
 Bowker, 
 Bowker, 
 Bowker, 
 Bowker, 
 
 246 
 Bowker, 
 Bowker, 
 
 Rov Clement — 543 
 Luther — 542 
 Bowker, Luther — 542-543 
 Boyden, Elbridge — 72 
 Bovnton, Alfred W. — 546 
 Bradish Addison S. — 417-424 
 Bradley, Rev. Enoch — 476-525 
 Brad I ey , M i 1 ton— 375 
 Bradstreet, Simon — 187 
 Bragg, Benjamin — 304-82-449-454 
 Bragg, Benj. Leroy — 305 
 Bragg, Benj. Leroy, Jr. — 305 
 Bragg, Everett B. — 101-306-307- 
 
 565 
 Bragg, Dr. Francis A. — 306-307 
 Bragg, Henry O. — 304-306 
 Bragg, Henrv W. — 306 
 Bragg, Ira — 30«-305 — 328 
 Bragg, Jesse Kendall — 304-105- 
 
 101 
 Bragg, John Hervey — 304 
 Bragg, Lysander Franklin — 304 
 Bragg, Nathaniel — 304-23-88-91- 
 
 92-104 
 Bragg, Nathaniel Wilson — 304- 
 
 305-203 
 Bragg, Maria L. — 109-306-307 
 Bragg, Warren S. — 306 
 Bragg, Will Thornton — 306 
 Brenaut, Ernest — 171 
 Brewer, Lewis — 74 
 Brewer, Jonas — 74-410 
 Brewer, .Jonas, Jr. — 415 
 Brewer, Col. Samuel — 228 
 Bridge, John — 294 
 Brigham, James Lewis — 190 
 Brodie, William A. — 202 
 Brooks, Rev. C. — 70 
 Brooks, Charles Coe — 383 
 Brooks, Charles Howe — 26-32-549 
 
 -557 
 Brooks, John, Jr. — 557 
 Brooks, Hon. John — 83 
 Brooks, John Forrester — 174 
 Brooks, Oscar T. — 80 
 Brown, Arthur C. — 101-123-125 
 Brown, Arthur H. — 176 
 Brown, Col. Benjamin — 24-30-31- 
 
 92-78-82-173-115 
 Brown, Benjamin E. — 176 
 Brown, Benjamin Hammond — 19- 
 25-79-94-95-292-128-140 - 175 - 
 420-424-446-453 
 Brown, Benjamin S. H. — 101 
 Brown Bros. & Co. — 498 
 Brown, Charles H. — 26-27-28-55- 
 
 95-136-141-142-143-175-456 
 Brown, Crehore & Co. — 173-176 
 Brown, Edward — 172 
 Brown, Edward — 502 
 Brown, Edward Augustus — 81- 
 
 173-176-439-563 
 Brown. Elisha F. — 31-79-125-470 
 Brown, Eliza Morse — 174 
 Brown, Miss E. R. — 98 
 Brown, Franklin A. — 38-39-424- 
 
 444-508 
 Brown, Frank H. — 175 
 
 Brown, George — 424 
 
 Brown, Joseph — 172 
 
 Brown, Rev. Joseph — 115 
 
 Brown, Lizzie — 140 
 
 Brown, Moses R. — 174 
 
 Brown, Nicholas — 172 
 
 Brown, William — 106-328-411 
 
 Brown, William L. — 175 
 
 Brown, William O. — 81-82-173- 
 174-439-563 
 
 Bruce, Abel — 254 
 
 Bruce, David — 86 
 
 Bruce, Josia — 86 
 
 Bryant, Rev. Albert — 99-101-127- 
 132-139-214-359-458-565 
 
 Bryant, Miss E. — 98 
 
 Bryant. Almeda (Dexter) — 239 
 
 Bryant, Calvin Turner — 239 
 
 Bryant, Lucien — 268-359-382 
 
 Bryant, Solon — 382-383 
 
 Bryant, Waldo Calvin — 240 
 
 Bryant. Waldo Gerald — 240 
 
 Buffum, Benjamin — 194 
 
 Buffum, James — 51-92-460 
 
 Bullard, Rev. Asa — 57 
 
 Bullard, Rev. Ebenezer — 20-21- 
 53-5 6-57-59-61-79-93-127-128- 
 129-185-224-416-453 
 
 Bullard, William H. — 345-490-566 
 
 Bullock, Alexander Hamilton — 8- 
 9-34-48-54-55-56-70-73-74 - 82- 
 83-84-101-123-127-130-180-181- 
 182-563 
 
 Bullock, Barnet — 19-25-34-36-61 - 
 78-82-128-183-446-453 
 
 Bullock, Barnet Ellis — 184 
 
 Bullock, Brigham Newton — 184 
 -566 
 
 Bullock, Calvin — 183-184 
 
 Bullock, Calvin — 183 
 
 Bullock, Miss Candace — 61 
 
 Bullock, Charles A. — 112 
 
 Bullock, Charles S. — 185 
 
 Bullock Family — 177 
 
 Bullock, Serg't. David — 407-410 
 
 Bullock, F. — 98 
 Bullock, Col. Geo. A. — 143-182 
 Bullock, Emilv — 182 
 Bullock, Hugh — 178-408-410 
 Bullock, James Frederick — 185 
 Bullock, Miss L. L. — 98 
 Bullock, Mrs. Mary E. — 35 
 Bullock. Louisa Maria — 182 
 Bullock, Moulton — 22 
 Bullock, Richard — 142 
 Bullock, Hon. Rufus — 24-30-36- 
 37-62-76-78-81-82-85-91 - 103 - 
 139-146-178-179-180-373 - 378 - 
 563-523-473-470-469-458-256 
 Bullock, Rufus Henry — 37-183 
 Bullock, Bebecca — 183 
 Burbank & Stone— 323 
 Burbank, Ebenezer — 410 
 Burdett, Organ Co. — 198 
 Burditt, Chas. F. — 493 
 Burr, William H. — 118 
 Burton, Rev. Asa, D. D. — 225 
 Burgess. Martin — 424 
 Burgess. Mirick — 425 
 Bush.Ephraim — 284 
 Bussannus, Adolphus — 425 
 Butler, Benjamin F. — 84 
 Byam, Dea. Leonard — 189 
 Byron, Leonard — 140 
 
 Call, Dr. Thomas — 215 
 
VI 
 
 HISTORY OF ROVALSTON 
 
 Callander. Henry & Co. — 488 
 Cambridge. Kdward — 468 
 Campbell. J. W. C— 241 
 Cardanv, Joseph B. — 451 
 Carkins, George E. — 323 
 Carpenter, Albert H. — 492 
 Carpenter, Edward A. — 492-493- 
 
 494 
 Carpenter. Prof. Walter — 116 
 Carroll, Lysander — 440 
 Carruth, Charles A. — 80 
 Carruthers. Charles — 551 
 Carter, Rev. Mr. — 478 
 Carter, Mary Evelyn — 374 
 Caswell. L. B.— 99-144-511-512 
 Catamounts — 60 
 Chaddock. Alvin — 164 
 Chamberlain. Herbert Bela — 337 
 Chamberlain, John — 337 
 Chamberlain, John — 337-415-465- 
 
 460-87 
 Chamberlain. Joseph — 87 
 Chamberlain, Samuel — 337 
 Chamberlain, Simeon — 337-87 
 Chamberlain, Simeon — 337 
 Chamberlain, Simeon — 337 
 Chamberlain, Thomas — 337 
 Chamberlain, Thomas — 338 
 ChamberMn, Simeon — 66-85-86-87 
 Chamberlin, John — 66-87 
 Chamberlin, Theopholis — 53 
 Chamberlin, Thomas — 15-65-66- 
 
 67-404-410 
 Chamberlain, Stillman — 425 
 Chandler, John, Jr. — 1-91 
 Chang-es in Schools — 98-99 
 Chapin, Rev. G. E. — 475 
 Chapin, C. C. — 26-93-94-554 
 Chapin, Walter S. — 554 
 Chase, AqulUa — 299 
 Chase, Aquilla 2d — 299 
 Cha-se, Charles A. — 81 
 Chase, Charles F. — 303-554 
 Chase, Chauncey — 19-20-61-118- 
 
 300-301 
 Chase, David — 299-300 
 Chase, Elizabeth Wait — 109-136- 
 
 300 
 Chase, Ella Amelia — 303 
 Chase, Ella Perkins — 300 
 Chase, Elliott Bartlett — 303 
 Chase, Ernest T. — 302 
 Chase, Francis — 22-23 
 Chase, Lieut. Francis — 299 - 407 - 
 
 408-410-412 
 Chase, Francis — 302 
 Chase, Francis Chapin — 303 
 Chase, Frank W. — 303 
 Chase, Flora E. — 303 
 Chase, Frederick B. — 302 
 Chase, George — 35-61-301 
 Chase, George 1.. — 301-425 
 Chase, George Washington — 303 
 Chase, HoTls Boiton — 303 
 Chase, J. — 98 
 Chase, John — 299 
 Chase, John Slade — 302-303-425 
 Chase, Joseph Howard — 303 
 Chase, Phillip — 299 
 Chase, Sir Richard — 299 
 Chase, Roger Clark — 303 
 Chase, Thoma.s — 299 
 Chase, Thomas Follensbee — 303 
 Cha.se, William — 91-92 
 Chase, Sir William — 299 
 Chase, William Henrv — 302-425 
 Chase, Capt. William — 2 
 Chase, Roger.s — 410-545 
 
 Chase, Silas — 410-233 
 Chase, William J. — 415 
 Cheney, Charles E. — 208 
 Cheney, Eliphalet — 30 
 Cheney, Elisha — 461 
 Cheney, Ezra Adams — 191 
 Cheney, James M. — 263-264 
 Choate, John L. — 297 
 Choate, Harry Raymond — 297 
 Choate, Chas. Buckingham — 297 
 Choate, Rufus — 384 
 Chubb. Silas — 464 
 Church, Bell — 62 
 Churches of Royalston — 52 
 Claflin, William & Co. — 253 
 Clancv, Rev. W. P. — 4 75 
 Clark,' Aijah — 404-410 
 Clark, Ambrose — 555-425-513 
 Clark, Ambrose Handel — 556 
 Clark, Benjamin — 554 — 411 
 Clark, Cortland A. — 555-504-417- 
 
 425 
 Clark, Bertha Winifred — 101-105 
 
 -565 
 Clark, Eben — 555 
 Clark, Erza Tower — 555 
 Clark, George F. — 557 
 Clark, Farrar & Leathe — 371 
 Ciark, Handel — 504 
 Clark, James — 82 
 Clark, Henry — 371 
 Clark, Lyman — 555 
 Clark, Lvman J. — 555 
 Clark, Lvman L. — 555-35-36-504 
 Clark, Melancthon W. S. — 556 
 Clark, Moses Lovell — 555 
 Clark, Samuel — 554 
 Clark, Samuel W. — 554 
 Clark, Timothy — 556 
 Clark, Timothy — 556 
 Clark, Wm. B — 556 
 Clark, Mrs. D. P. — 35-61 
 Clark, Rev. Samuel — 41 
 Clark, Edson — 519-415-54 
 Clark, Rev. A. V.— 70 
 Clark, Thomas — 426 
 Clark, Walter W. — 557 
 Clement, Arthur C. — 426 
 Clement, Asa B.— 328 
 Clement, Benjamin F. — 328 
 Clement, Dwight E. — 328 
 Clement, Henry S. — 328 
 Clement, Isaac — 327 
 Clement, James — 327 
 Clement, Sylvander — 328 
 Clement, S. C— >53 
 Clement, Walter H. — 328 
 Clement, William — 327 
 Clement, William — 328-405-410 
 (^lement, William, Jr. — 328 
 Clement, Will A. — 328 
 Clement, William W. — 438 
 ('obb, Thomas — 454 
 Coffin, Silas — 469 
 Colburn, Rev. Eugene — 494 
 Cole, Jefferson K. — 99-141 
 Coleman, Ezra — -;78 
 College Graduates — 10(1-101-102 
 Coller, Calvin — 552 
 Collins, Leonr,id--445 
 Conant, Edwin — 227 
 Condon, Randall J. — 100 
 Congregational Parsonage — 61 
 Connor, Thomas — 426 
 converse, Frc.nk — J43 
 Converse, M. E. — 553 
 Cook, Caleb A. — 25-379-454 
 Cook, D vid — 331-379-426 
 Cooke, Dr. E. Ward— 528 
 
INDEX 
 
 VII 
 
 Coolidge, Rev. Dr. — 57 
 
 Cooper, Robert — 1-2 
 
 Cooper, Rev. Warren — 548 
 
 Copeland, David — 29-411 
 
 Cornell & Vanderburgh — 229 
 
 Courv, Dr. — 559 
 
 Cowick, Robert E. — 142 
 
 Crafts, James M. — 42 
 
 Crawford, John — 85 
 
 Crawford, Robert D. — 245 
 
 Crawford, William — 460 
 
 Crehore, W. A. — 173 
 
 Crosby, Rev. Timothy — 284 
 
 Cross, Ebenezer — 516 
 
 Cross, Edward W. — 426-514 - 515- 
 
 516 
 Cross. Fred W. — 80-95-101-136- 
 139-142-151-152-481-485 - 486- 
 
 504-518-566 
 Cross, Wilder — 484-504-540 
 Cross, Charles A. — 80 
 Cumming:s, Lieut. Col. Charles — 
 
 390-391-439-563 
 Cumming's, Rev. George H. — 382 
 Cummings, Rev. Henry — 381-382- 
 
 391-101 
 Cummings, Dea. Henry B. — 382 
 Cummings, Isaac — 391 
 Cummings, Isaac, Jr. — 292 
 Cummings, Joshua — 381-390 
 Cummings, Dr. Silas — 391 
 Curtis, Rev. H. W. — 71-144 
 Cutler, Rev. Ebenezer — 565-101 
 Cutler, Ebenezer — 280-410 
 Cutler, Ezekiel — 15 
 Cutler, George- -S81-282 
 Cutler, George H. — 281-282 
 Cutler, John — 282 
 Cutler, Jonathan — 280 
 Cutler, Levi — 281 
 Cutler, Otis — 281-282 
 Cutler, Major General Lysander 
 
 — 281-440-563 
 Cutler, Tarrant — 281-25-30-31-78 
 
 91- 92 
 Cutler, Rev. Temple — 57 
 Cutler, Rev. S. — 70 
 Cutter, Edward G. — 550 
 Cutting, Nathan — 5-15-53-89 
 Cutting, Silas — 6-53-408-410 
 Cushing, Lieut. -Gov. Grafton D. 
 
 — 150 
 Cushing, Col. Job — 408 
 Cushman, Rev. John P. — 57 
 
 D 
 
 Dadmun, Samuel — 173 
 
 Damon, Col. Samuel — 230 
 
 Damond, Richard — 553 
 
 Dana, Caleb — 1 
 
 Darling, Rev. Samuel D. — 93-475 
 
 Davis, Alvin — 316 
 
 Davis, A. — 98 
 
 Davis, Ansil — 312 
 
 Davis, Capt. Asahel — 24-30-31-51- 
 
 78-90-91-120-311-460 
 Davis, Barney — 311 
 Davis, Benjamin — 91-311-468 
 Davis, Benjamin — 312 
 Davis, Cephas — 312 
 Davis, Charles S. — 315-426 
 Davis, Cyrus — 25-50-78-82-93-127 
 
 -128-312 
 Davis, Daniel — 19-94-128-138-141- 
 
 311-460 
 Davis, Daniel — 25-31-50 
 Davis, E. — 98 
 
 Davis, Edward Livingston — 227 
 
 Davis, Elisha — 312-286 
 
 Davis, Emory A. — 315 
 
 Davis, Perondo — 316 
 
 Davis, Dr. Hosea — 120-121-316- 
 
 101-454 
 Davis, Hosea D. — 315-454 
 Davis, Hon. Isaac — 226 
 Davis, Jarvis — 25-31-79-127-128- 
 
 316-244 
 Davis, Lieut. John — 309 
 Davis, John — 310-32-90-411 
 Davis, John — 312-409-410 
 Davis, Joseph— 90-311-210 
 Davis, Josenh — 312 
 Davis, Joseph 2d — 24-31-74-82-91- 
 
 92 
 Davis, Jay — 99-317-454-426 
 Davis, Lorenzo — 316 
 Davis, Squire — 23-24-78-92-310 - 
 
 409-410-242 
 Davis, Svlvester — 310-410 
 Davis, Willie W. — 315-140-141- 
 
 143 
 Davis, Hugh Goddard — 445 
 Dwison, Herbert Milton — 241 
 Day, Anthony — 523 
 Day, Caleb W. — 523-521-25-26-31- 
 
 32-35-36-37-517-94-110-143-4 53 
 
 454-492-498-474-470 
 Dav, Charles L. — 524 
 Day, Daniel — 469-373 
 Dav, David W. — 550 
 Day, John — 523 
 Day. John W. — 524 
 Day, Josephus T. — 498-514 
 Day, David W. — 426-454 
 Day, Nathan S. — 426 
 Day, Uri C. — 426-92-477-478 
 Day, William E. — 347 
 Day, Ira — 477 
 
 Day of Pasting and Prayer — 16 
 Deane, Dr. Ebenezer A.— 122 
 Deane, Dr. Henry A. — 118 
 Deane, Jeremiah — 122 
 Deavitt, Edward H. — 530 
 Deavitt, George T. — 530 
 Deavitt, Henrv M. — 530 
 Deavitt, William J. — 530 
 Deavitt, Thomas J. — 530 
 Dedication of Pourth Baptist 
 
 Church — 71 
 Dedication of Third Baptist 
 
 Church — 71 
 Dedication of Phinehas Newton 
 
 Library — 135 
 Deland, Clarence H. — 142-455 
 Delegates — 80-81 
 Delvey, Samuel — 546 
 Demond & Brown — 176 
 Denno, Rev. John W. — 71 
 Dexter, Almeda — 239 
 Dexter, Bela — 241 
 Dexter, Ebenezer Wheeler — 238- 
 
 239-208 
 Dexter, Earnest A. — 241 
 Dexter, Everett Wheeler — 245 
 Dexter, Henry L. — 241 
 Dexter, Herbert Bela — 241 
 Dexter, James — 238 
 Dexter, James Eugene — 239 
 Dexter, John — 239-415 
 Dexter, Moses Walker — 240 
 Dexter, Rachel — 239 
 Dexter, Samuel — 83 
 Dexter, B. — 98 
 Dickinson, Marquis P. — 359 
 Dickinson, E. E. — 38-449 
 
VIII 
 
 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 Division Into School Districts— 
 
 88-89 
 Division of Lands — 4 
 Divoll, Arthur — 508 
 Dike, William— 17-404-405-410 
 Dillingham. W. P. — 385 
 Dithmar, Edward F. — 398 
 Doane, Amos — 347-448-449 
 Doane, Bernard H. — 427 
 Doane, Byron — 347-421-427 
 Doane, Frank H.— 347 
 Doane, Reginald F. — 347 
 Doane, Wm. C. — 427 
 Doanes Falls — 44 
 Dole, Carlton — 124 
 Donovan, Rev. Richard P. — 479 
 Doolittle, Col. Ephraim— 404-405 
 Dow, John — 438 
 Drurv, Calvin — 304 
 Drury, Calvin — 305 
 Drurv, Edwin — 487 
 Drury, Elisha — 486-487 
 Drury, Ephraim — 193 
 Drury, Frederick L. — 511-512 
 Drury, George W. — 548 
 Drury, Horace — 305 
 Drury, Hugh — 487 
 Drury, Leander M. — 487-524 
 Drury, Col. Luke — 407 
 Drury, Leon Arthur — 487 
 Drurv, Ralph Sherwin — 487 
 Drurv, Sarah A. —102-304 
 Drury. Susan F. — 103-304 
 Dunn, Rev. Andrew — 71-476 
 Dutton, George D. — 387 
 Dwinnell & Bliss — 198 
 
 E 
 
 Earle, Henry — 387 
 
 Earle, W. C. — 98 
 
 Earlv Town Meetings — 15 
 
 Earlv School Committees — 30-31- 
 
 32 
 Eaton, Charles A. — 536 
 Eaton, John — 465 
 Eaton, J. M. — 93 
 Eaton, Joseph R. — 34-128 
 Eaton, Rev. R. C. — 71 
 Eaton, Rev. W. H. — 72 
 Eddy, Abraham — 225 
 Eddv, Benjamin — 250 
 Eddv, C. A. — 194 
 Eddy, Franklin A. — 417-427 
 Edgerly, S. H.— 506 
 Edmonds, E. J. — 100 
 Education — 85 
 Ellis, Edwin — 79-298 
 Ellis, Frederick Owen — 533 
 Ellis, John — 411 
 Ellis, Paul — 30-457 
 Ellis, Robert Hale — 533 
 Ellis, Walter F. — 101-533 
 Elliot, Ebenezer — 407-410 
 Ely, Rev. William — 170 
 Ellyot, Thomas — 86 
 Emerson, Elias — 415 
 Emerson, John D. — 440 
 Emerson, Joseph — 29-30-61 
 
 411 
 Eninger, Charles — 263 
 Ernst, C. W. — 393 
 Erskine, W^alter — 74 
 
 62 - 
 
 Estabrook. Joseph— 24-31-34-35- 
 36-37-78-81-91-92-111-112-139- 
 200-225-226- 296-446-447-461 
 
 Estabrook, Joseph — 225-226 
 
 Estabrook, Joseph P. — 226 
 
 Estabrook, Maria C. — 226-227 
 
 Estabrook, Mary H. — 226 
 
 Estabrook, Rev. Joseph — 55-62- 
 111 
 
 Estabrook, Samuel — 278 
 
 Estey, Edward — 329 
 
 Estey, Isaac — 329 
 
 Estev, Isaac— 22-66-67-85-329 
 
 Estey, Jacob — 23-30-66-81-88-89- 
 460-458 
 
 Estey, Jacob — 329 
 
 Estey, Jacob — 330 
 
 Estey, Jeffrey — 329 
 
 Estey, John — 329 
 
 Estev, Joseph — 329 
 
 Estey, Israel — 329 
 
 Estey, Julius J.— :B0-:«l 
 
 Estey, Rev. Jonathan L. — 478 
 
 E\-ans, Alden — 543 
 
 Evans, Charles H. — 543 
 
 Everett, Charles — 550 
 
 Eyers, Rev. John C. — 474-475 
 
 Fairbanks, Calista (Peck) — 139- 
 
 287 
 Fairbanks. Daniel — 468 
 Fairbanks. Emory — 59 
 Fairbanks. Ernest Hayward — 59 
 Fairbanks, Rev. Francis J. — 58-59 
 
 -71-95-110-137-138-139-140-144 
 
 474-475 
 Fairbanks, Herbert Stockwell — 
 
 59 
 Fairbanks, Isaiah — 468 
 Fairbanks, Jonatlian — 59 
 Fales, Lemuel — 25-31 
 Fales & Lehy— 488 
 Palkner. Ammi — 23-29-30-75-76- 
 
 87-106-201-411 
 Fallon, Martin — -427 
 Farrar, Daniel — 519 
 Farrar, Edwin Evans — 520 
 Farrar, Gardner — 371 
 Farrar, Salmon S. — 519-34-35-127 
 
 452-453-515-468-470-455 
 Farrar, S. Nelson — 520-521-535 
 Farrar, Walter N.— 521-26 - 96 - 
 
 142-143-145-146-535 
 Farrar. Nellie G. W. — 95-94-143 
 Fav, Farwell F. — 79 
 Fay. John — 276 
 Fay, Rev. Lysander — 74 
 Fay. S. E. & Co.— 197 
 Felch, Caleb — 411 
 Felch, Nathan — 411 
 Felch. Samuel — 411 
 Felch, Samuel J. — 411 
 Ferguson, Rev. William — 478 
 First Congregational Church — 
 
 52-53 to 59 
 First Baptist Meeting House — 67 
 First Librarv — 106 
 First Old Home Week — 138-139 
 First School — 86 
 First Schoolmasters — 86-87 
 First Town Hall — 14-15-18 
 Fish. Allen — 427 
 Fish. William W. — 79 
 Fisher, Augustus J. — 309-99-141 
 
INDEX 
 
 IX 
 
 Fisher, Capt. David — 307-24-30- 
 
 74-91-531 
 Fisher, Edwin Augustus — 309- 
 
 103-139-396-566 
 Fisher, Edward Everett — 309 
 Fisher, Elmer H. — 309 
 Fisher, Feronda W. — 309 
 Fisher, Horace — 308-309-396-454- 
 
 454 
 Fisher, Jason — 308-74-208 
 Fisher, Jacob — 234 
 Fisher, Orvis — 309 
 Fisher, Jabez — 410 
 Fisher, Lewis— 523 
 Fisher, Edwin Horace — 397 
 Fisher, Lewis Gates — 397 
 Fi.sher, Wm. Brackenridge — 397 
 Fiske, Robert F. — 122 
 Fiske, Dr. Oliver — 195 
 Fiske, Samuel Augustus — 101-122 
 Flagg, Dr. Andrew Jackson — 102- 
 
 Flagg, Benjamin Frank — 417-421 
 
 Flagg, George A. — 440 
 
 Flagg, John Sabin — 550 
 
 Fletcher, Francis — 468 
 
 Flint, Edward J. — 99 
 
 Flint. William R. — 558 
 
 Fogg, Rev. Charles O.— 59-60-136 
 
 -137-141-143-144-150 
 Fogg, Edwin Willard — 60 
 Follet, John — 99 
 Follett Isaac — 216 
 Forbes, Calvin — 339 
 Forbes, Charles — 93-94 
 Forbes Falls — 42-43 
 Forbes, James — 23-90 
 Forbes, Levens G.— 32-33-108-1 10 
 
 -141-142-143-455-456-146 
 Porbush, Chauncy — 415 
 Forest, Gen. N. B. — 243 
 Forristall, Jesse — 557 
 Forristall, Jonas — 462 
 Forristall, Sylvender B. — 26-557 
 Forristall, William — 558 
 Forristall, P. J. — 458 
 Forsaith, John — 427 
 Fosgate, Dr. K. C — 197 
 Foster, Charles G. — 427 
 Foster, Daniel — 542 
 Foster, David P. — 347-208 
 Foster, Rev. Davis — 57 
 Foster, Henry N — 52'' 
 Foster, Hugh — 284 
 Foster, Silas — 411-233 
 Poster, William — 464 
 Fox, C. B. — 207 
 France, Rev. M. R. — 124 
 Free Donation Societv — 74 
 Freeman, Frank — 428' 
 Freeman, Isaac — 85-86-89 
 Freemont, John C. — 263 
 French, Almira H. — 93 
 French, Alonzo — 428-516 
 French, Brazier H.— 444 
 French, F. S. — 492 
 French, Lucius F — 4->8 
 French, Lieut. Micah— 412 
 French, Herbert W — 544 
 French, Sumner C. — 112-14'-447 
 Frost. Rufus S.— 373-469 " 
 I* rye. Asa — 188 
 
 ^'■>'^^qBenjamin— 188-25-31-37-78- 
 
 Frye, Benjamin A. — 187-401-428 
 Brye. Benjamin Alexander — 189 
 Frye, Daniel — 188 
 Frye, David — 187 
 
 Frye, Ebenezer — 187-23-24-37-404 
 
 407-410 
 Frye, Ebenezer — 188 
 Frye, Ebenezer — 188 
 Frye, George A. — 190 
 Frye, George E. — 187-440 
 Frye, George Ebenezer — 188-189 
 Frye, Capt. John — 185-186 
 Frye, John — 187-15-16-22-23-29- 
 
 36-53-78-81-464 
 Frye, John — 188-191-401 
 Frye, John Kendal! — 191 
 Frye, Merton Benjamin — 191 
 Frye, Royal Merrill — 190 
 Frye, Stephen — 217 
 Frye. William W. — 187 
 Frye, William Watrous — 188 
 Frye, William Bixbv — 191 
 Frye, William A. — 5*9-95-141-142- 
 
 190 
 Frye. Benjamin H. — 143 
 Frye. Frank Barton — 190 
 Fuller, Albert A. — 338 
 Fuller, Samuel — 88 
 Furbur, Samuel Winklev — 169 
 Furbush, Rufus — 91 
 
 Gale, Rev. Amorv — 229-230-231- 
 
 232-101-563-218-257 
 Gale, Charles S. — 230 
 Gale, Edward C. — 230 
 Gale, Harlow A. — 229-232-257 
 G^le, Harlow Stearns — 233 
 Gale, Henry A. — 285 
 Gale, Capt. Isaac — 227-223 
 Gale, Isaac — 228-29-31 
 Gale, Isaac, Jr. — 228 
 Gale, Isaac 2d — 228-92-415 
 Gale, Jonathan — 228-90-31-82-409 
 
 -410 
 Gale , Richard — 227 
 Gale, Robert Griggs — 233 
 Gale, Samuel C. — 228-240-69-101- 
 
 287-127-128-563 
 Gale, William Goddard — 233 
 Gale. Otis — 25-31 
 Gale. Peter — 410 
 Gardner, C. M. — 507 
 Garfield, Andrew B. — 332 
 Garfield, Andrew Paine — 332 
 Garfield — .\nsel H. — 332 
 Garfield, Artemas — 331 
 Garfield, Caleb — 331 
 Garfield, Charles — 331 
 Garfield, Gardner — 332 
 Garfield, Joshua — 331 
 Garfield, Leonard Dwinnell — 332 
 Garfield, Moses — 331-415-74-9'> 
 Garfield, Moses — 332 
 Garfield, Moses, Jr. — 332 
 Garfield, Moses Dwinnell — 332 
 Garner, Joseph — 417-428-504 
 Gatchell. Dr. D. H. — 146 
 Gates, Arthur — 291 
 Gates, Charles Whitman — 290 
 Gates, Clarence L. — 291 
 Gates. Joel H. — 72-290-563 
 Gates, Jonathan — 289 
 Gates, Levi — 289 
 Gates, Lorenzo — 553 
 Gates, Stephen — 289 
 Gates, Stephen J. — 291 
 Gates, Thomas — 289 
 Gates, Walter Benton — 290 
 Gates, Willie E. — 290 
 
HIS TORY OF R ) v' V :.S T ) <! 
 
 Geratt. Rev. James — 478 
 Gerrish, Col. Josiah — 409 
 Gerrv, Elbridge — 83 
 Gibbs, Rev. E. P. — 478 
 Gibson, George — 286 
 Giggie, J. — 556 
 Giles. Sanford — 428 
 Gilman. Rev. B. S. — 474 
 Goddard, Asahei — 1^56 
 Goddard, Benjamin — 255 
 Goddard, Benjamin — 257-564 
 Goddard, Charles — 262-440 
 Goddard. Charles Virgil — -262-440 
 Goddard, Davis — 264-129-566 
 Goddard, Edward — 255 
 Goddard, Edward — 261 
 Goddard, Franklin Horatio — 36- 
 
 263-143-412-266 
 Goddard. Henry — 256 
 Goddard. Henry — 264 
 Goddard, Herbert S. — 72-141-2611 
 Goddard, Ira Nathaniel — 259 
 Goddai-d. James — 256 
 Goddard, Joseph — 541 
 (lOddard, Josiali — 261 
 Goddard, Josiah — ^264 
 Goddard, Nathan — 20-461 
 Goddard, Nathaniel — 258-415 
 Goddard, Salnu.n — 260-24-30-31- 
 
 78-91-92-141-244 
 Goddard, Col. Salmon — 259 
 Goddard, Samuel — 255-23-29-36- 
 
 464 
 Goddard, Samuel — 257-232 
 Goddard & Rice — ^258 
 Goddard, Sanford — 264 
 Goddard, Simon — 261 
 Goddard. Walter F. — 199 
 Goddard. William — 255 
 Goddard, William Bailey — 255 
 Goddard, Wesley D. — 421-428 
 Goldsbury, Ralph S. — 241 
 Goodale, E. K. & Co. — 270 
 Goodale, Josiah — 404-405-407-4 lo 
 Goodell, Charles H. — 123-125 
 Goodspeed, George N. — 212 
 Goodspeed, Harrison P. — 213 
 Goodspeed, Isaac — 212-213 
 Goodspeed, Thomas H. — 79 
 Goodspeed & Wvman — 212-213 
 Goodvear, Rev. T. — 475 
 Gorton, Rev. Phill — 478 
 Goss, John — 488 
 Gould, Rev. Albert^478 
 (iould. Dr. J. B. — 558 
 Graduates of Colleges — 100-101- 
 
 102-103-104-105 
 Graduates of State Noimal 
 
 Schools — 103 
 Grant, Aaron — 6-428 
 Grant, Michael — 6 
 Grant, Stephen — 457-459 
 Grant, Rev. Wm. G. — 478 
 Graves, Rev. Arthur A. — 478 
 Graves, Rev. Joseph M. — 69-92 
 Graves, W, D. — 216 
 Greeley, Archer K. — 340 
 Greeley, Charles E. — 340 
 Greeley, Jonas E. — 340-417-421- 
 
 428 
 Greeley, Nathaniel — 340-162 
 Green, Irijah — 404-409 
 Green, Irijah, 1st — 408-409-410 
 Green, John — 429 
 Green, Nahum — 403-410-80 
 Green. Seraiah— 408-409-410 
 Green. Uzziah — 404-405-410 
 
 Greenhall. Harry — SOS' 
 Greenwood, L & Co. — 535 
 Gi-eenwood. Samuel — 200 
 Greg-orv, Charies .\ugustus — 254- 
 
 124-125-101-123-564 
 Gregory, Major General Franklin 
 
 — 252-36-78-92-112-44 6-387-296 
 
 447-448-564 
 Gregory, Franklin Edwards — 25S 
 
 -664 
 Gregorv, Isaac — 2iii -252-23-30-36 
 
 -78-90-91-106-44S 
 Gregory, Isaac rioiman — 254 
 Gregory, Frederick W. — 254-255- 
 Gregory, John Porter — 254-129 
 Gregory, Jonathan — 252 
 Gregorv, Stephen — 389 
 Gregory, Elisha — 234 
 Gris-gs. Kev. Le\eretl— 2;ii 
 Guy^ Walter P. — 487 
 
 H 
 
 Hadlev, Charles W. — 246 
 
 Hadley, Edwin W. — 246 
 
 Hale, Alfred Randall — 532 
 
 Haie, Charies Silas — 532 
 
 Hale, Emma Jane — 533-103 
 
 Hale, F. L. & Co.--474 
 
 Hale, Jacob — 531-2 
 
 Hale, John Randall — 532-26-32- 
 
 5-16 
 Hale, John Waldron — 531-35 
 Hale, Samuel Walker — 532 
 Hale, Silas — 531-45 
 Hale, Silas, Jr. — 531-506-507-500- 
 
 501-559-532-4 74-472-469 
 HaIc, Stephen — 531-45-92 
 Hale, Stephen Winn — 532 
 Hale, Stephen, Jr. — 532 
 Ha e, Samuel B. — ^429 
 Hall, Rev. David — 54 
 Hall. Harold Farmer — 168 
 Halloran, J. F. — 146 
 Halse, Rev. W .J. — 71 
 Hamilton, Clarence — 190 
 Hancock, George L. — 429 
 Hancock, John — 1-83-82 
 Hancock. Robert T. — 99 
 Handy, Milton C. — 440 
 Hanks, Dr. Horace Tracy — 20-21- 
 
 93-116 117-455 
 Hanson, Elihu — 494 
 Hanson, Everard B. — 108-455-474 
 
 -494 
 Hapgood's Grant — -1-2 
 tiaruing, Aiiineuo — 1j 
 Harkness. Pjlijah — 211 
 Harkness. Elisha W. — 212 
 Hiri-ington, Abraham — 284 
 Harrington, Allan — 303-558 
 H urington. Caroline Ellen — 528 
 Harrington, Daniel — 528 
 Harrington, Henry Martyn — 529- 
 
 l(ii-o66 
 Harrington, Hiram — 25-31 
 Harrington, Dea. X^uther — 19-31- 
 
 127-128-470-472-528 
 Harr'ngton. Rnbei-t — "128 
 Harris, Dea. Alexander — 195 
 taarris, B. D. — 3/1 
 Hai-ris, Levi — 92 
 Hart, Thomas Norton — 392 
 Hartwell, Walter A. — 547 
 Hatfield, Rev. B. — 70 
 Haven, James — 404-410 
 Hayden, James O. — 323 
 
INDEX 
 
 XI 
 
 Haywood, Charles — 468 
 
 Haywood. D. H. — 268 
 
 Haywood, H. H. — 560 
 
 Hazen, John Vose — 56-101-398 
 
 Hazen, Rev. Norman — 56-99-93- 
 212-3T8 
 
 Hazen, Solomon — 56 
 
 Healey, Rev. J. W. — 475 
 
 Heath, C. E. — 508 
 
 Heath, John — 508 
 
 Hedge, Rev. Lemuel — 54 
 
 Hemenway, Silvan us — 22-23-37- 
 81-464 
 
 Hemingrway, Joshua — 404-4 05-410 
 
 Hemingway, Thomas — 4 04-410 
 
 Henderson. .J. H. — 4 71 
 
 Henderson, J. J. — 471 
 Henry. Capt. William — 204 
 
 Heywood. ."^mos — 92 
 
 Heywood. >nsel — 92 
 
 Heywood. Silas — 23-30-89-91-106- 
 
 335 
 Heywood, Silas, Jr. — 92 
 
 Heywood. So'omon — 25-335 
 
 Heywood. Stephen H. — 377 
 
 Heywood. Sidney S. — 417-429-335 
 
 Heywood, Si-'as L. — 441 
 
 Heywood, Sidney — 335 
 
 Heywood, Stephen — 335 
 
 Heyv/ood. Harrv — 335 
 
 Heywood, Walter — 174 
 
 Higarins. Henrv H. — 417-429 
 
 Hicks, Forest A. — 302 
 
 High School Exhibition — 97-98 
 
 Hildretli. Merrick E. — 80 
 
 Hill, (^harles — 197 
 
 Hill, Donald M. — 143-146 
 
 Hill, E'lhraim — 5-86 
 
 Hin, John — 74-415 
 
 Hill. Jonah — 5 
 
 Hill. Silem L. — 429 
 
 Hill, Theodore J. — 441 
 
 Hi'I, Warren M. — 136 
 
 Hill. William H. — 108-136-137 
 
 Hird, Rev. J. W. — 475 
 
 Hitchcock. Prof. Edward — 42-43- 
 
 44-46-48 
 Hoar, Senator Georg-e F. — 126 
 Hoir. Hon. E. R. — 124 
 Hobirt. Hon. Aaron — 560 
 Hol)son. Hon. E. E. — 517 
 Hodge. Elder Devi — 68-69 
 Hit'-hcock. Rev. M. H. — 100 
 Holbrook. Jolin D. — 80 
 Holden. Emorv — 401 
 Holden. Rev. Samuel — 474-475 
 HoU & BMss— 193 
 Holton, Elihu— 212 
 Holman, Chas. Richardson — 390 
 Hohnan. Dana Peirks — 294 
 Ho 'man. David — 295 
 Holman. Dieut. Edward — 295-4l-> 
 Holman, Edward, Jr. — 295 
 Holman, Georg-e M. — 295 
 Holman. Georg-e W. — 294-''9fi-fi4- 
 
 ]39-377-'^66 
 Ho'man. John — 294-12-24-90 
 Holman. Harvey — 234 
 Holman. Nelson F. — 294-285 
 Ho'man. Noali — 295 
 Holman. Seth — 294-45-64-451 
 Ho'man, Seth N.— 294-295-377-451 
 Holnian, Rev. Sidney — 104-100- 
 
 Holman. Stephen — 92-101 -r'S-.'jsq 
 
 -390-565 " 
 
 Holman, Willard — 294 
 Homan, William — 294 
 
 Holman & Harris — 509 
 Holmes, .\ugustu.s — 395-399 
 Holmes, Rev. H. M. — 475 
 Horton, Lewis — 359 
 Horton, Russell S. — 79 
 Howard, Ansel — 82 
 Howard, Rev. B. A. — 478 
 Howard, Rev. James J. — 480 
 Howard, Dvsander — 444 
 Howard, Wm. H. — 429 
 Howard, Joel — 2 
 Howe, E. D. — 455 
 Howe, Gardner — 4 29 
 Howe, Henry J. — 441 
 Howe. Samuel — 203 
 Howe William — 195 
 Howes. William — 167 
 Hoyt, Georg-e H. — 79 
 Hubbard, Daniel — 528 
 Hubbard, Thomas — 1 
 Hughes, Webwter — 535 
 Humphrey, Henry M. — 79 
 Humphrey, Rev. James — 54 
 Hunnewell. Jonathan — 389 
 Hunt, Elisha S. — 164 
 Hunt, Samuel — 2 
 Hutchins. James H. — SO 
 Hutchinson, Benjamin — 17-90 
 Hutchinson, Governor — 9 
 Hyatt, Almon A. — 25-31-94-560 
 Hyde, Edward — 253 
 Hyde, Dea. Reuben — 29 2 
 
 Incorporation of the Town — lo- 
 ll 
 Ingalls, Charles — 547 
 Ing-alls, Ebenrzer- — 88 
 
 Jacobs, Abel — 340 
 
 Jacobs, Alonzo W. — 327 
 
 Jacobs. Bela J. — 99-326 
 
 Jacobs, Dr. Chauncy A. — 121-325 
 
 Jacobs. Ernest D. — 327 
 
 Jacobs. Francis — 326 
 
 Jacobs, George D. — 327 
 
 Jacobs. Dr. Horace — 121-325-566 
 
 Jacobs, Ira — 325 
 
 Jacobs, Isaac — 325 
 
 Jacobs, Irving- S. — 327 
 
 Jacobs. John — 68-410-163 
 
 Jacobs, John T. — 327 
 
 Jacobs, Jonathan — 404-405 - 409- 
 
 410 
 Jacobs, Joseph — 24-82-92-,204 
 Jacobs, Mary — 121-325 
 Jacobs, Moses — 325 
 Jacobs, NathaTi — 410 
 Jacobs, Nathaniel — 324-410 
 Jacobs, Rufus M. — 327 
 Jacob.s, Rachel B. — 121 
 Jacobs. Simeon — 91-92-121-461 
 Jacobs, Simeon — 325 
 Jacobs. Simeon, Jr. — 325 
 Jacobs. Sumner — 325 
 Jacobs. Thoma.s — 91-92 
 Jacobs, Whitman — 327 
 Jacobs, Thomas A. — 326 
 Jacobs. Philander — 326 
 Jacobs. Elder Whitman — 65-66- 
 
 67-87-324 
 
XII 
 
 HISTORY OF ROYALSTON 
 
 Jeniiison. Austin — 528 
 Jerrel, William — 450 
 Johnson, Rev. Wilbur — 57-61 
 Johnson, Andrew — 176 
 Jewett, H. P. 13.— 370 
 Jewett, John P. & Co. — 370 
 Jones, Aaron — 6-542-35-474 
 Jones, Amos — 541-6-7-24-30 - 91- 
 
 -465 
 Jones, Amos — 541 
 Jones, Alden — 542 
 Jones, Asa — 66-67-100 
 Jones, Asa M. — 100 
 Jones, Elmore — 542 
 Jones, Elnathan — 542 
 Jones. Leander W. — 542-488 
 Jones, Reuben — 541 
 Jones, Silas— 541 -24-3(i-:U -91-32 
 Jones, Silas, Jr. — 542 
 Jones, Willard — 542 
 Jones, Franklin — 104-100 
 Jones, Waid — 87 
 Jones, Isaac — 87 
 Jones & Lehy — 488 
 Josselyn, A. K. — 452 
 
 K 
 
 Kaulback, George A. — 264 
 
 Kelton, James — 68 
 
 Kelton, Lovell — 454 
 
 Kemp, Rev. Z. W. — 70 
 
 Kelton, Calvin — ^79 
 
 Kendall, Andrew — 89-91-92 
 
 Kendall, Arthur C. — 142-560 
 
 Kendall, Rev. Charles — 475 
 
 Kendall, Edward — 104 
 
 Kendall, Edward S. — 441 
 
 Kendall, Fred — 553 
 
 Kendall, John — 404-405-410 
 
 Kendall, John — 45-449 
 
 Kendall, Jonathan — 88 
 
 Kendall, Ira Y. — 79 
 
 Kendall, Ozi — 79 ^ 
 
 Kendall, Samuel — 297 '' 
 
 Kendall, Seth — 340 
 
 Kendall, Stephen G. — 454 
 
 Kenney, Daniel — -70 
 
 Kenney, Rev. Isaac — 66-68-457 
 
 Kenney, Folder Moses — 68-457 
 
 Kenney, Elder Silas — 70-71-67- 
 
 78-93 
 Ketchum, Arthur G. — 287 
 Keys, Rev. N. A. — 93 
 Kilburn, Rev. David — 478 
 Kerjassoff, Max David — 275 
 Kimball, Rev. Henry S. — 486 
 Kimball, Wales — 253 
 King-, Charles A. — 500 
 King, Clarence E. — 429-500 
 King, Daniel — 499 
 King, George H. — ^441-500 
 King, Henrv — 255 
 King, Herbert L. — 491-490 
 King, J. Herbert — 490-499-511 
 King, John — 490-499-510-498-538 
 King, John L. — 112-447 
 Kingsley, Elisha — 74 
 Kingsley, Peleg — 4 60 
 Kittredge, Dr. Charles N. — 118 
 Knapp, Hiram — 263 
 Knight, Ainsis-orth — 478 
 Knight, Charles S. — 430 
 Knight, Prof. E. N. — 138-140 
 Knight, Geo. W. — 430 
 
 Knight, Henry E. — 417-430' 
 Knight. W. H. — 99 
 Knights, Israel — 540 
 Knights, Jason- — 540 
 Knowlton, Rev. F. B. — 474 
 
 Lamb, Francis M. — 99 
 
 Last Bear Hunt — 51 
 
 Lawrence, Brook — 41 
 
 Lawrence, Charles G. — 194 
 
 Lawrence, Rev. G. W. — 475 
 
 Lawrence, William — 41 
 
 Lawton, Asa S. — 274 
 
 Leathe, Benjamin — 320-412-371 
 
 Leathe, Benjamin, Jr. — 320-415 
 
 Leathe, Benjamin Franklin — 321 
 
 Leathe. Francis — 320 
 
 Leathe, Herbert H. — 322 
 
 Leathe, John — 320 
 
 Leathe, John F. — 321 
 
 Leathe, John H. — 322 
 
 Leathe, John Walton — 321 
 
 Leathe, Samuel — 320 
 
 Leathe, Walter D. — 321 
 
 Leathe, William M. — 321-371-372 
 
 Leathe, WMlliam H. — 320-321-5-32 
 
 143 
 Leathe, Leonard Lorenzo — 105- 
 
 101 
 Lee, Abner — 2 
 
 Lee, Hon. Artemas — 132-447-296 
 Lee, Miss Bertha — 137-138 
 Lee, C. M. Co. — 197 
 Lee, J. Howard — 137 
 Lee, Rev. Joseph — 54-55-62-65- 
 
 106-459 
 Lee & Raymond — 296 
 Lee, Mrs. Rachel (Dexter) — 239 
 Lee, Capt. Samuei — 128 
 Lee, Thomas j. — 36-92 
 Lee, Warren I>exter — 239 
 Legal Profession — 123 
 Lehv, Geoffrey — 480 
 Lehy, Geoffrey B. — 102-488-489- 
 
 512-517 
 Lehy, Rev. John F. — 102-480-489- 
 
 511-564 
 Lehy, Michael F. — 488 
 Leland. Rev. J. H. M. — 93-475 
 Leonard, W. F. — 99 
 Leonard, Willard T. — 221 
 Lewis, Alvin W. — 525 
 Lewis, Rev. Edward S., D. D. — 
 
 526 
 Lewis, Enoch T. — 525-527-441 
 Lewis, Hugh — 489 
 Lewis, John S. — 525 
 Lewis, Rev. Joseph W. — 476-477- 
 
 514-525-526 
 Lewis, Joseph W. — 526 
 Lewis, Timothy — 476-477-478-514 
 
 -524-540 
 Lewis, Rev. Timothy Willard — 
 
 478-525-526-527-102 
 Lewis, Whitman Taylor — 525 
 Lewis, Hiram — 415 
 Lewis, Lemuel — 410 
 Lewis, William — 410 
 Libraries of Royalston — 106-107 
 Linsey, Richard — 477 
 Livermore, Jonas — 86 
 Livermore, Winthrop — 82 
 Locke, Phillip A. & Co. — 392 
 Lodge, Senator Henry Cabot — 
 
 155-156 
 
INDEX 
 
 XIII 
 
 Long, Pond — 41 
 Longley, James C. — 556 
 Long-lev, Xahum — 509-497-25 
 Longlev, W. H. — 536 
 Longlev, Timothv M. — 206 
 Loom is, W. A. — 146 
 Lord, Fred W. — 80 
 Lord, Lucien — 80-446 
 Lord, Mrs. Lucien — 271 
 Lord, William G. — 73-146 
 Louter, Frank — 141 
 Lovett. James — 193 
 Lovewell, Wm. B. — 142-554 
 Lowe, Allen — 375 
 Lowe, John A. — 375 
 Lyman. J. E. — 524 
 Lyon, David — 29-88-233 
 
 M 
 
 -38-39-26-109- 
 
 -70-221 
 3 
 
 Mackenzie, Colin- 
 137-140-418 
 
 Mackenzie, Miss Bessie — 103 
 
 Mackenzie, Mrs. Emeline (White) 
 — 109-142-143 
 
 Mackenzie, Harlan — 103 
 
 Mahler, Michael — 430 
 
 Manley, Jesse — 404-410 
 
 Mann, Rev. Cyrus — 55 
 
 Manning, Abel — 532 
 
 Manning, Patrick — 430 
 
 Mansfield, Rev. J. H. — 71 
 
 Marcy, O. Wilder — 477 
 
 Marsh, Benjamin — 448 
 
 Marsh. Chas. Allen — 219 
 
 Marsh, Rev. F.— 478 
 
 Marshall, Elder Thoma-s- 
 
 Martin, Amos — 196 
 
 Martin, Stephen W. — 430 
 
 Marvin, Sumner — 453 
 
 Mather Cotton — 242 
 
 Matthews, Jeremiah — 454-340 
 
 Mason, C. H. — 459 
 
 May, Benjamin — 448 
 
 Maynard, Oren — 542 
 Mayne, Charles L. — 277 
 Mayne, Joseph Ford — 277 
 McDonald, N. — 536 
 McClellan, George B. — 166 
 McCall, Samuel W. — 153 
 McConlev, Dr. — 560 
 McCoy, R. J. J. — 478 
 McLane. Gov. John — 187 
 McManus, Rev. Charles — 479 
 McManus, Rev. Patrick — 479 
 Medical Profession — 113 
 Meehan, Rev. J. J. — 480 
 Mellen, James H. — 560 
 Mellen, Joel B. — 430 
 Mellen, Wm. H. — 80 
 Merriam, Albert W. — 101 
 Merriam, Rev. Asaph — 70-458 
 Merriam, Joseph W. — 270 
 Merrill, Rev. C. C. — 475 
 Merrill, Rev. J. L. — 475 
 Merrill, Rev. William — 478-190 
 Metcalf, Charles Hovev — 165 
 Metcalf, Charies Rich — 167 
 Metcalf, Caleb B. — 101-564 
 Metcalf, Miss Edith — 142-338 
 Metcalf, Eliab Wight — 168-169- 
 
 564 
 Metcalf, Ellas — 87 
 Metcalf, Enoch — 92-164 
 Metcalf, Enoch B. — 165 
 Metcalf, Dea. Enos — 49-72-91 
 
 Metcalf, George Prescott — 163 
 Metcalf, Henry Martyn — 168 
 Metcalf, Henrv, S. — 164 
 Metcalf, Capt. Isaac — 165-6-30-76 
 
 -91-92 
 Metcalf, Isaac Nev^^ton — 165 
 Metcalf, Isaac Stevens — 165-168- 
 
 564 
 Metcalf, Irving Wight — iVO-564 
 Metcalf, Jacob — 162-90-92 
 Metcalf, Rev. John M. P. — 167 
 Metcalf, Joseph Mayo — 169-168 
 Metcalf, Jonas Prescott — 163 
 Metcalf. Josiah Kidder — 164 
 Metcalf, Marius — 167 
 Metcalf, Maynard Mayo — 172 
 Metcalf, Michael — 162-172 
 Metcalf, Rev. Paul Harlon — 168 
 Metcalf, Capt. Peletiah — 162-22- 
 
 23-29-30-106-457-464-123 
 Metcalf, Dr. Peletiah — 123-162 
 Metcalf, Prescott Marius — 163- 
 
 421-430 
 Metcalf, Ralph Howes — 168 
 Metcalf, Samuel Gregory — 163 
 Metcalf, Thomas Nelson — 168 
 Metcalf, Wilder Stevens — 167 
 Metcalf, Wilmot Vernon — 171 
 Metcalf, Keyes Dewitt — 168 
 Metcalf, Harlow — 430 
 Metcalf, Silas — 415-340 
 Metcalf, Prescott — 421-430 
 Metcalf, Harlan Peletiah — 163- 
 
 430 
 Miles, Danvers — 431 
 Miles, George — 431 
 Miller, Asa — 375 
 Miller, Barzillar — 233 
 Miller, Charles Edward — 383 
 Miller, George Edward — 376-383 
 Miller, George Fletcher — 375-383- 
 
 21-37-93-130-376 
 Miller, George North — 383 
 Miller, Rev. J. D. — 70 
 Minerals — 45-46 
 Mirick. Ephraim, Jr. — 276 
 
 Moody, Daniel — 404-410 
 
 Moody, Dwight L. — 208-220 
 
 Moody, John — ^408-409-410 
 
 Moore, Abel — 389 
 
 Moore, Benoni — 141-142-143-1-2 
 
 Moore, Charles — 216 
 
 Moore, EliphaTet^66 
 
 Moore, George — 216 
 
 Moore, James G. — 449 
 
 Moore, J. S. — 26-143-431 
 
 Moore, Henry C. — 431 
 
 Moore, Leonard G. — 449-455 
 
 Moore, Patrick — 431 
 
 Moore, Richard — 510 
 
 Moore, William — 216 
 
 Mosher, B. H. — 508 
 
 Mosher, Harold C. — 507 
 
 Morandi, Francis — 211 
 
 Morandi, Stephen — 211 
 
 Morgan, George W. — 431 
 
 Morey, Simeon — 17 
 
 Morse, David — 65 
 
 Morse, Edmund Russell — 319 
 
 Morse, John Prescott — 319 
 
 Morse, Jenner— 319-400 
 
 Morse, Joseph — 318 
 
 Morse, Julius Nelson — 318 
 
 Morse, Nelson — 315 
 
 Morse, Russell — 318-24-25-31-78- 
 82-91-92-415-234-292 
 
 Morse. Russell, Jr. — 319-19-128- 
 400 
 
XIV 
 
 HISTORY OF KOVALSTON 
 
 Morse, Samuel — 317 
 Morse, S. A. — 522 
 Morse, Leander B. — 79 
 Morton, John — 431-410 
 Mosman. Albion P. — 338 
 Mosman, Chas. A. — 338 
 Mosman, Edwin J. — 338 
 Moulton, Horace — 476 
 Mudfje. Cant. John G. — 84 
 Murdock, B. B. — 25-31 
 Murdock, Capt. Ephraim — 176 
 Murdock, James — 21 S 
 Murphv, Rev. Thomas F. — 479 
 Muttart, Rev. W. L. — 474 
 
 N 
 
 Naming- the Town — 8 
 
 Nash, George L. — 551 
 
 Nash, John — 431 
 
 Neal, Alfred W. — 27-29-32-146- 
 
 540-549 
 Newell, Col. Ebenezer — 412-431 
 Newell, Rev. Ebenezer F. — 476 
 New Town Hail — iti-20-21 
 Newton, Charles H. — 2?7-278-207- 
 
 37-112-128-447-451-453 
 Newton, Charles M. — 278 
 Newton, Ebenezer Perkins — 277 
 Newton, Edward Elmer — 277-279- 
 ^^ewton, Col. Elmer — 276-277-25- 
 
 34-35-61-78-91-415 
 Newton. George — 103-100 
 Newton, George — 276 
 Newton, George Erigham — 101- 
 
 103-104 
 Newton. George Brigham — 279- 
 
 280 
 Newton, Hezekiah — 276-279-82- 
 
 275 
 Newton, Horatio — 276 
 Newton, Horatio Danforth — 276- 
 
 93-99 
 Newton,, Horatio Standish — 277 
 Newton. Natlian Brigham — 275- 
 
 24-106-103-412-415 
 Newton. Phinehas — 276 
 Newton, Phinehas S. — 108-277-146 
 
 -278-37-38-61-80-108-26-32-35- 
 
 36-361-451-137-140-143 
 Newton, Rich.'.rd — 275 
 Newton, Willard — 27 6-91-406-415 
 Newton, Willard Hazen — 276-94- 
 
 142-455 
 Newton, Mrs. Stella V. — 141-377 
 Newton, Henry R. — 250 
 Newton, Leon R. — 250 
 Newton, Ernest A. — 250 
 Nichols, Rev. Ammi — 225-128 
 Nichols, Daniel — 234 
 Nichols, Elijah — 224 
 Nichols, Frederic C. — 224-136- 
 
 14 2-143-149-155-394-395-566 
 Nichols, Henrv — 223-6-31-448-3 27 
 
 -461 
 Nichols, Isaac — 208-223-225-405- 
 
 408-409-410 
 Nichols, Isaac. Jr. — 225-6-15-25- 
 
 26-32-37-94-394-395-410-412 
 Nichols, Joseph Towne — 224-25- 
 
 26-32-37-94-394-395 
 Nichols, Leonard — 224-395-566 
 Nichols, William — 223-225-6-448 
 Nichols, Moses — 91-281 
 Nichols, John^409-410 
 Nichols, Robert — 265-266 
 
 Nitz, William — 432 
 Norcross, Andrew D. — 432 
 Norcross, Chauncy W. — 432-445 
 Norcross, Joseph — 91-92 
 Norris, Rev. James — 479 
 Norton, John — 23-24-30-36-76-7! 
 
 -88-409-392-279 
 Norton, Rev. John F. — 50 
 Norton, Thomas — 129-415 
 Nourse, Joel — 448-449 
 Nourse, William — 529 
 Nutting, William H. — 300 
 
 o 
 
 O'Brien, Patrick — 479 
 O'Conner, Rev. T. C. — 480 
 OM Elm — 45 
 
 Old Home Day of 1904 — 138-140 
 Old Home Day of 1910 — 140-141 
 Oliver, James — 80 
 Oliver, James 2d — 441 
 ( ) sen. Gustaff — 492 
 One Hundred and Fiftieth Anni- 
 versary — 142 
 Orr, Rev. William — 479 
 Osborn, Franklin A. — 432 
 Osborn, A. K. — 284 
 Osborn. John — 23 
 Osgood, Nathan B. — 432 
 Otis, James — -1 
 
 Overseers of the Poor — 37-38 
 Owen, Daniel — 5 
 
 Packer, M. A. — 488 
 
 Paige, Hon. Calvin D. — 154 
 
 Paine, Charles G. G. — 333-97-98- 
 
 101 
 Paine, Elkanah, Jr. — 432 
 Paine, Ellen Almira — 333 
 Paine, Mary Elizabeth — 333 
 Paine, Sarah Leonard — 333 
 Paine, Shebna — 333 
 Palmer, Asa A. — 432 
 Palmer, Benjamin R. — 391 
 Parker, Alonzo S. — 323 
 Parker, Mrs. C. C. — 139 
 Parker, Hon. Herbert — 137 
 Parker, E. L. — 97-98 
 Parker, Capt. Jonas — 6 
 Parker, Josiah — 6-286 
 Parker, White & Co. — 271 
 Parkhurst. Dr. John — 122 
 Parmelee, Rev. J. H. — 70 
 Parmenter, J. Sumner — 79 
 Parmenter & Tower — 491 
 Parsons. William T. — 344 
 Partridge, Edward M. — 377 
 Partridge, Harlan P. — 441 
 Partridge, Hervey — 539 
 Partridge. Herm'an M. — 140-376- 
 
 441-433-455 
 Partridge, J. Milton — 377 
 Partridge, L. W. — 24-31-550 
 Parti-idge. Maynard — 128-377-61 
 Patch, Edwin — 539 
 Peabody, Chandler — 124-415 
 Pearson, Samuel A. — 124 
 Peck, Asahel — 289-563-100-123- 
 
 184-563-385 
 Peck, Benjamin — 287 
 
INDEX 
 
 XV 
 
 Peck. Benoni — 286-415-24-25-30- 
 
 31-49-78-370-92-129-4 54-82 
 Peck. Calista — 287 
 Peck. Calvin — 74-460 
 Peck, Daniel — 283 
 Peck. Diniel — 283 
 Peck. Eliphalet — 287 
 Peck, Fred B.— 287 
 Peck. Hamilton Sullivan — 285-564 
 
 -101-123-139-140-141-564 
 Peck, Henry — 287-99 
 Peck, Henry Eddie — 287 
 Peck, John — 283-23-29 
 Peck, John Family — 288 
 Jack, John — 288 
 Peck. John — 289-370 
 Peck, James W. — 287 
 Peck, Joseph — 283 
 Peck, Levi — 287 
 Peck, Lyman — 284 
 Peck, Nahum — 289-123-384 
 Peck, Nathaniel- --'88 
 Peck, Phillip — 287 
 Peck, Roy Hamilton — 285 
 Peck, Sjlomon Family — 286 
 Peck, Solomon — 286 
 Peck, Solomon 2d— 74 
 Peck, Squire — 2o8 -123-384-256 
 Peck, Sullivan — 284 
 Peck, Wayland — 284 
 Peck. Cicero Goddard — 124 
 Peck. Chauncy — 415 
 Peck, Hiram — 410 
 Peck, Joshua — 409-410 
 Peck, Nelson F. — 433 
 Peckham, John — 553 
 Peckham, John Smith — 482 
 Peckham. Rev. Samuel H. — 481- 
 
 475-472 
 i-^ecknam, Samuel H., Jr. — 441-482 
 Peckhim, William Clark — 101- 
 
 442-481-564 
 Perkins Family — 272 
 Perking, Alfred Fearson — 274 
 Perkins, Rev. Dr. Ariel E. P. — 273 
 
 -21-101-128-:29-564 
 Perkins, Benjamin H. — 275 
 Perkins, Charles Albert — 274 
 Perkins. Daniel Choate — 274-124- 
 
 102-122 
 Perkins, David — 272 
 Perkins, Rev. Ebenezer — 272-55- 
 
 476-92-122-124-362 
 Perkins, Edward — 273 
 Perkins, Franklin Parish — 274 
 Perkins, Hannah Amelia — 274 
 Perkins, Henry Poor — 273 
 Perkins, Herbert Boardman — 273 
 Perkins, Jose;;h Lee — 274-19-20- 
 
 31-127-128-362 
 Perkins, Josephine L. — 275 
 Perkins. Julia A. — 275 
 Perkins, Benjamm Conant — 124- 
 
 128-132-564-274-101-123 
 Perkins, Joseph Frederick — 101 
 Perkins, Mr. M. M. — 93-94 
 Perreault. J. D. — 510 
 Perry. Curtis — 504 
 Perry, Micha — 87 
 Perry, Thaddeu.s — 8 7 
 Perry, Thomas — 89 
 Perley, L. H. — 558 
 Perry. Benjamin — 409-410-87 
 Perry. David — 117 
 
 Petition to President of United 
 
 State — 75 
 Peters. Rev. Richard — 475 
 
 Pettv, Joseph — 1-2 
 
 Pheips. Daniel, W. — 280 
 
 Phipps, Rev, Geo. C. — 359 
 
 Phillips, James, Jr. — 373-469 
 
 Petition to General Court — 76-77 
 
 Phillips, Samuel, Esq. — 83 
 
 Pierce, Alvin — 504 
 
 Pierce, Arthur F. — 433 
 
 Pierce, Charle.s — 269-410 
 
 Pierce, Charlotte — 268 
 
 Pierce, Columbus — 266 
 
 Pierce, Delia M. — 271 
 
 Pierce, Ebenezer — 25-200-243-82- 
 
 87 
 Pierce, Edwin F. — 270-271 
 Pierce, Eliphalet — 266 
 Pierce, Emma L. — lo,i-268-94 
 Pierce, Gad — 265 
 Pierce, Capt. Gad — 265-461 
 Pierce, George — 266-269 
 Pierce, George — 296-19-31-35-82- 
 
 446 
 Pierce, George Everett — 269-270- 
 
 -444-32-37-106-14 3-450-508 
 Pierce, Henry Leander — 267 
 Pierce, Horace— 266-267-188 
 Pierce, James — 266-415 
 Pierce, James W. — 268 
 Pierce, John — 265-268 
 Pierce, Jonas — 266-268 
 Pierce. Jonas Blake — 268 
 Pierce, Jonathan — 265-266-30-31- 
 
 90-91-92-106-104-454-461 
 Pierce, Jonathan Sibley — 266 
 Pierce, Joseph — 266-415 
 Pierce, Lieut. Junius — 267 
 Pierce, Junius E. — 267 
 Pierce, Leonard T. — 272 
 Pierce, Lyman Elliott — 270 
 Pierce, MiiO Horace — 267 
 Pierce, Paul — 266 
 Pierce, Royal — 266 
 Pierce, Silas — 266-415 
 Pierce, Sumner — 266 
 Pierce, Warren A. — 271 
 Pierce, Webster E. — 272 
 Pierce. William — 2 65-266-268-2 4- 
 
 53-91-92 
 Pierce, M'^illiam — 266 
 Pierce, Willard — 269 
 Pierce, Zebulon — 266-15 
 Pierponts, Grant — 1-2 
 Pike, Rev. Clarence — 60-144 
 Pike. Daniel — 404-405-410 
 Pike. E. B. — 60 
 Pilisbury, Enoch H. — 105 
 Piper, C. J. — 25 
 Piper, Elihu — 452-453 
 Piper, George H. — 442 
 Piper, Isaac — 90-91 
 Piper, James S. — 442 
 Pi.jer, Josiah, Jr. — 265 
 Piper, Lysander B. — 442 
 Pioneer Engine Co. — 560 
 Political — 75 
 Poland, Wheeler — 276 
 Pond, Albert D. — 263 
 Pomeroy. Hiram S. — 219 
 Pond. Rev. Milton G. — 57 
 Poor. Henry — 407-410 
 Pope. Charles — 433 
 Porter. Ernest F. — 558-95 
 Porter. Rev. James — 478 
 Post Offices — 111-112-509 
 Potter, Benjamin F. — 433 
 Potter, Rev. T. c. — 478-93 
 Powers. James— 510 
 Pratt, Alden — 336 
 Pratt, Alfred — 336 
 
XVI 
 
 HISTORY OF ROVALSTON 
 
 Pratt, Daniel — 336 
 Pratt, Eug-ene O. — 336 
 Pratt, George — 336 
 Pratt, George M. — 336 
 Pratt, Gilbert — 336 
 Pratt, Jabez — 336 
 Pratt, J. Golan — 336 
 Pratt, Joel — 336 
 Pratt, John — 336 
 Pratt. Joseph Warren— 336 
 Pratt, Reuben — 444 
 Preble, Jedediah — 403 
 Prendergast, Rev. James — 479 
 Pre.scott, Henri M. — 263 
 Prescott, John — 415 
 Prescott, Peter — 374 
 Price, Rev. M. — 478 
 Prie.st's Brook — 40 
 Priest, Francis Dana — 384 
 Priest's Grant — 1-2 
 Priest, Joseph — 40-461 
 Priest, Nancy — 354-355-564 
 Progressive Movement — 82 
 Proprietors — ^1-3 
 Prouty, Charles S. — 391 
 Prouty, Isaac — 91-328 
 Purcell, Rev. Thomas E.- 
 Putnam, Cornelius — 15 
 Putnam, Rev. John M. — 167 
 Putnam. Reuben — 538 
 Putney, Charles E. — 100 
 
 -538 
 
 Q 
 
 Quinlan, Cornelius — 225 
 
 R 
 
 Rand, Col. John — 409 
 
 Rawson, Lemuel H. — 196 
 
 Rankin, Noah — 284 
 
 Ravmond, Alfred Dwight — 297- 
 
 444-25-26-31-32-35-94-109-110- 
 
 455 
 Ravmond, Alfred Joseph — 298-143 
 Ravmond, Artemas — 298-203 
 Ravmond, Carrie Willis — 298-102 
 Ravmond, Franklin H. — 298 
 Ravmond, George A. — 298-433 
 Raymond, Joseph — 296-416-20-21- 
 
 25-31-34-35-37t61-78 -82 - 108 - 
 
 128-446 
 Raymond, Joseph Estabrook — 297 
 
 -129 
 Raymond. Mary Elizabeth — 298- 
 
 101-102 
 Raymond, William — 296-89 
 Raymond, William C. — 298 
 Raymond, William — 296 
 Raymond, Wm. Henry Harrison 
 
 — 297 
 Raymond, George S. — 444 
 Raymond, James — 129 
 Raymond, Sullivan — 449 
 Raymond, Stephen — 92 
 Raymond, D. — 98 
 Raymond, Laurence J. — -298 
 Reed, Arba — 460 
 Read, E .M. — 136 
 Red Letter Days — 127 
 Reed, Clement O. — 260-264 
 Reed, Charles W. — 378-455 
 Reed, Cyrus B. — 25-31-128-378- 
 
 269 
 
 Reed, Cyrus P. — 378 
 
 Reed, Nathan — 2-90-92 
 
 Reed, William — 270 
 
 Representatives — 78-79-80 
 
 Rescue Engine Co. — 560 
 
 Reynolds, F. H. C. — 47-145 
 
 Revnolds, Rev. Thomas — 479 
 
 Rice, Aaron — 433 
 
 Rice, Abner — 258 
 
 Rice, Rev. C. F. — 121 
 
 Rice, Nelson W. — 433 
 
 Rice, Rev. Walter — 475-513-574- 
 
 575 
 Rice, Homer T. — 542-474 
 Rich, Dana — 460 
 Rich, Benjamin W. — 25-26-31-32- 
 
 80-534-514-504-455 
 Rich, B. Warren — 26-37-535-522 
 Rich, Charles — 165 
 Rich, Charles Witt — 535 
 Rich, Edmund — 533 
 Rich, Elisha — 66-67-460 
 Rich. Frederick — 536 
 Rich, George Thatcher — 536-504 
 Rich, Harrison — 534 
 Rich, Jeremiah Atkins — 25-26-31- 
 32-79-109-110-534-560-504-474 
 Rich, Jeremiah Edward — 535-560- 
 
 142 
 Rich, John Elliot — 534 
 Rich, Joshua — 442 
 Rich, Lewis Damon — 534 
 Rich, Nathaniel — 15 
 Rich, Richard — 533 
 Rich, Thatcher — 533 
 Rich, Thatcher, Jr. — 534 
 Rich. Thatcher— 536 
 Rich, Thomas Walter — 534 
 Rich, Zacheus — 533 
 Richards, George H. — 323 
 Richards, Mrs. Jennie — 136-144 
 Richards, Joseph — 1 
 Richards, Joseph — 560 
 Richards, Mrs. Leota — 136-142 
 Richards, Perley — 146 
 
 Richardson, Arthur G. — 389 ,>,-,i> 
 Richardson, Abiel — 17-410" ^^^ 
 Richardson, Abijah — 250-86- 404- 
 
 407-411 
 Richardson, Abijah — 250-86-404- 
 
 407-411 
 Richardson, Abijah, Jr. — 250 
 Richardson, Andrew Jackson — 
 
 251-442 
 Richardson, Charles E. — 96-95- 
 
 142-143-456 
 Richardson, Eliphalet — 250-86-91 
 
 -409-411 
 Richardson, Ephraim W. — 250 
 Richardson Familv — 248 
 Richardson, Franklin — 250-31-447 
 
 454-207 
 Richardson, Hon. George Carter 
 
 — 251-128-132-448-563-226-253- 
 
 387- 388-389 
 Richardson, Jefferson — 251 - 99 - 
 
 442 
 Richardson, John — 248 
 Richardson, Luther — 249 
 Richardson, Lysander — 249 
 Richardson, Samuel — 249 
 Richardson, Stephen — 249-248-24- 
 
 25-30-31-91-92-411-415 
 Richardson, Timothy — 248-7-14- 
 
 15-16-22-23-151 
 Richardson, Timothy, Jr. — 249-7 
 
INDEX 
 
 XVII 
 
 Richardson, Dr. Thomas — 251-115 
 
 24-91-387 
 Richardson, Dr. Maurice — 95-137 
 Richardson. Ephraim — 102 
 Richardson, Nathaniel — 79-536 
 Richardson, C. Predericlc — 80-222 
 Richardson, William — 409-411 
 Richardson, George O. — 433 
 Richardson, Leander — 442 
 Richardson, Dr. Henry A. — 389 
 Richmond, A. J. — 509 
 Richmond, E. J. — 509 
 Richmond, Forest E. — 508-509 
 Ripley, Dwight — 378 
 Ripley, Mrs. Emily B. — 21-35-61 
 Ripley William D. — 20-61-128-378 
 Roads Laid Out — 16 
 Robbins, John — 433 
 Robbins, J. A. — 247 
 Rogers, Eliphalet — 286 
 Rog-ers, Rev. P. S. — 478 
 Rogers, James — 219 
 Roers, Rev. John — 286 
 
 Rogers, Moses — 340 
 
 Rogers, Thomas — 415 
 
 Root, Azariah Smith — 167 
 
 Root, Francis Metcalf — 167 
 
 Royal, Hon. Isaac — 1-2-8-9-52-85 
 
 Royal House — 9-10 
 
 Royalston Cotton & Woolen Man- 
 ufacturing Co. — 468 
 
 Royalston Farmers' Club — 108 
 
 Royalston, Festival — 21 
 
 Royalston, Leg — 3-12-13 
 
 Rugg, George — 442 
 
 Russell, Albert F. — 368 
 
 Russell, Prof. A. C. — 556 
 
 Russell, Charles R. — 368 
 
 Russell, Dulcenia M. — 368 
 
 Russell. George W. — 434 
 
 Russell, Henry — 434 
 
 Russell. Harrv H. — 368 
 
 Ryan, John — 259 
 
 Sabbath Noon House — 17 
 
 Safford, Charles R. — 496-511 
 
 Safford, Henry A. — 496 
 
 Safford, Henry W. — 496 
 
 Safford. Loyal R. — 496 
 
 Safford, Ruel Roby — 32-94-45'- 
 
 453-495-474 
 Safford, Winthrop M. — 496 
 Sale of Royalston Lands — 3 
 Sampson, Charles — 365 
 Sampson, Henry K. — 434 
 Sanborn, Asa J. — 443 
 Sargent, E. D. — 146-148 
 Sault, Carl E. — 293 
 Saunders, William — 90 
 Sawyer, Addison M. — 450 
 Sawyer, Joseph — 450 
 Sawyer, Sylvanus — 450 
 Sawyer, W. P. — 268 
 Scenery — 40 
 School Committee from 1845 — 93- 
 
 94-95 
 School Districts — ^87-88-89 
 Scott. Rev. G. R. ^{V. — 57 
 School Houses — 90 
 Seabury, Rev. Edwin— 9.?-47.i 
 Seaton, Dr. Marshall — 120 
 Selectmen — 2 2 -23 -24 -25-'' 6- ''7 
 Senators — 81 
 
 Shaw. Rev. Judson Wade — 57-58 
 Sheldon, Moses — 141 
 Shepard, Eliot P. — 125 
 Shepard, William H. — 189 
 Shepardson, Daniel — 215 
 Shepardson, Daniel — 216 
 Shepardson, Rev. Daniel — 216- 
 
 218-72-91-102-129-564 
 Shepardson, Daniel — 220 
 Shepardson, Daniel — 222 
 Shepardson, David Cook — 216 
 Shepardson, David Cook— -216-220 
 Shepardson, Edmund C. — 222-223- 
 
 80 
 Shepardson, Eri — 216-222-454 
 Shepardson, Francis Wayland — 
 
 220 
 
 Shepardson, Frank L. — 217 
 Shepardson, Isaac — 216 
 Shepardson, John — 216-91 
 Shepardson, Rev. John — 216-220- 
 564 
 
 Shepardson, John — 222-434-146 
 Shepardson, Jonathan — 216 
 Shepardson, Joseph Henrv — 217- 
 
 218-102 
 Shepardson, Rev. L. P. — 70 
 Shepardson, Lucius Franklin — • 
 
 217 
 Shepardson, Luke B. — 223-71-28- 
 26-32-71-108-141-142-143-146- 
 
 455-459 
 
 Shepardson, Nathaniel — 215 
 Shepardson, Quincy Adams — 217- 
 443 
 
 Shepardson, George Defrees — 220 
 Shepardson, John Ernest — 220 
 Shejjardson, Joseph — 444 
 Shepardson, John — 146 
 Shepardson, Carl — 102-29 
 Shelton, William — 243 
 Sherwin. Addison — 539 
 Sherwin/ Arba— 538-24-31-78-82- 
 128 
 
 Sherwin, Arba — 538 
 Sherwin, Arthur H. — 539 
 Sherwin. Frederic Hervev — 539- 
 
 474-475 
 Sherwin, George Henry — 539 
 Sherwin. George Percival — 538 
 Sherwin, J. C. W. T. M. — 434 
 Sherwin, Lyman — 504 
 Sherwin, Melancthon — 539 
 Sherwin, William W. — 434 
 Sherwin, Robert A. — 474-560-539 
 Sherwin. L-man Harrington — 540 
 Sherwood, M. W. — 26-95-461 
 Shipman. Rev. J. N. — 71 
 Shirley. Governor — 2 
 Sibley, Joel H. — 547 
 Sibley. Joel — 247 
 
 Sibley. Jonathan — 6-22-37-78-89- 
 90-106-409-411 
 
 Sibley, William — 247 
 
 Siegrist, John — 434 
 
 Simonds, Charles — 146 
 
 Simonds, Elder — 73 
 
 Slate, John — 550 
 
 Slocum, Rev. H. T. — 71 
 
 Slocum, W. F. — 70 
 
 Small. Alberto W. — 100 
 
 Smalley, D. A. — 392-384 
 
 Smart, Albert — 554 
 
 Smart, Charles — 554 
 
XVIII 
 
 HSTOKV OF ROY ALSTON 
 
 Smart, James Harry — 554 
 
 Smart, James ,J. — 554 
 
 Smart, William — 554 
 
 Smith, Amanda (Bemis) — 3bo 
 
 Smith, Augustus Peck^ — 287 
 
 Smith, Rev. B. M. — 478 
 
 Smith, Charles- A. — 162 
 
 Smith, Dr. Chiron W. — 206 
 
 Smith, George W.— 223 
 
 Smith, Herbert 0.-^142-449 
 
 Smith. James B. — 418-434 
 
 Smith, Joseph — 250 
 
 Smith, Rev. J. T.— 70 
 
 Smith, Dr. Leander — 122-102 
 
 Smith, L. F. — 338 
 
 Smith, Sidney P.— 80 
 
 Smith, Simon — 550 
 
 Smith, William W. — 438 
 
 Soule, Bishop — 526 
 
 Sparhawk, Col. Nathan — 40 < -408 
 
 Spaulding, Rev. C. H. — 72 
 
 Speare, Gregory & Co. — 254 
 
 Spitz, R. J. — 556 
 
 Spofford, Henry A. — 163 
 
 Spooner, Alden — 46 
 
 Sprague, Frederick H. — 535 
 
 Sprag'ue, William H. — 435 
 
 Starrett, L. S.— 222-494 
 
 Starrett, L. S. Co.— 197 
 
 Statuette of the Angel Gabriel — 
 
 63-64 
 Stearns, Capt. Ephraim — 400 
 Stebbins, Timothy — 554 
 Steiner, Henry — 438 
 Stevens, Isaac — 79 
 Stewart, Alexander — 435 
 Stewart, Charles — 508 
 Stewart, Charles H. — 435 
 Stewart, Eri S.— 95-96-102-142- 
 
 143-146-456 
 Stewart, John — 438 
 Stewart. Luther E.— 71,94-95-223- 
 
 455 
 Stimson. Charles A. — 38-142-143- 
 
 146-456 
 Stockwell, Abraham — 53 
 Stockwell, Anan — 548 
 Stock well, Ammi — 4 67-468-547 
 Stockwell, Caleb N.— 549-93-94- 
 
 444 
 Stockwell, Chester Twitchell— 
 
 4 7 2-473-546-484-483-5 64 
 Stockwell, Daniel (3) — 545 
 Stockwell, Daniel (4) — 545 
 Stockwell, Edmund — 25-31-35-128 
 
 -453 
 Stockwell, 
 Stockwell, 
 Stockwell, 
 
 Stockwell, Edward S. — 547 
 Stockwell, Franklin B. — 547 
 Stockwell, Freeman — 467-547-477 
 
 -478 
 Stockwell, Francis B. — 546 
 Stockwell, George Henry — 547 
 Stockwell, George — 547 
 Stockwell, Isaac — 547-415 
 Stockwell, James Frederic — 547 
 Stockwell, John, Jr. — 545 
 Stockwell, Capt. John — 545 
 Stockwell, Jonathan — 467-468-415 
 Stockwell, Jonathan — 545 
 Stocwkell, Joseph — 545-24-415- 
 
 233 
 Stockwell, Joseph — 545-546 
 Stockwell, Joseph H. — 547-404- 
 
 146 
 
 Edwin — 548 
 Elmon — 548 
 Emmons — 473-545-54 6- 
 
 Stockwell. John Wood — 546-36- 
 
 235 
 Stockwell, Luke — 546 
 Stockwell, Moses — 545 
 Stockwell. Myron E. — 33-547-142 
 Stockwell, Reuben — 547-415-92 
 Stockwell, Simeon — 547-415-91 
 Stockwell, Simeon, Jr. — 548 
 Stockwell, Sylvester — 546 
 Stockwell, Tarrant — 545-415 
 Stockwell, Walter A. — 547 
 Stockwell, Warren U. — 547 
 Stockwell. William — 544 
 Stockwell, Winfield S. — 546-542 
 Stockwell, Thaddeus— 41)7-411 
 Stockwell, John— 409-411 
 Stockwell, John W. — 235 
 Stockwell, Joel — 409-411 
 Stock well. Levi — 111 
 Stockwell, Miss Cora E. — 136-137 
 
 140 
 Stockwell, Judah — 92 
 Stockwell, F. D. — 536 
 Stone, Clarence E. — 323 
 Stone, Edward Lyman — 323 
 Stone, Rev. B. G. — 475 
 Stone, Rev. J. P. — 475 
 Stone. Jonathan — 322 
 Stone, Luther — 302 
 Stone, Lvman — 5-25-31-72-93-94- 
 
 246-322-323-449 
 Stone. Zenas — 91-92 
 Storrs, Samuel G. — 99 
 Storv, Arthur B.— 549 
 Stow, Marshall V. — 268 
 Stratton, Rev. P. K. — 478 
 Stratton, Rufus — 115 
 Stratton, James — 113 
 Streeter, Adarn — 454 
 Streeter, Naphtali — 66 
 Streeter, Sebastian — 370 
 Strong, Caleb — 83 
 Studer, Joseph — 435 
 Sturtevant, B. F. — 396 
 Sullivan, Hon. James — 83 
 Sumner, Charles — 296 
 Sweenev. Daniel — 435 
 Sweetzer, Phillip — 78-88 
 Sweetzer, Phillips — 120 
 Sweetzer, Samuel — 226 
 Sweetzer, William — 266 
 Swan, Dr. Ebenezer — 209 
 Swift, Francis H. — 435 
 Swift, Rev. John — 54 
 
 Taft, Daniel — 2 
 
 Taft, David — 91-465 
 
 Taft, Joel — 2-90 
 
 Tandy, C. Eugene — 547 
 
 Tandv, Charles F. — 344 
 
 Tandy, Eddy C. — 34 4 
 
 Tandv. Rev. Lorenzo — 344-70-:»3- 
 454 
 
 Tandv, Nathan S. — 344-435-454 
 
 Tandy, William W. — 344-554 
 
 Tavlor, Addison — 340 
 
 Tavlor, C. R. — 55 6 
 
 Taylor, Flev. O. — 71 
 
 Temple. Lady — 1 
 
 Temple, Luke — 555 
 
 Tenney, Charles E. — 435 
 
 Thatcher, Warren — 435 
 
 Thayer, Sidney — 323 
 
 Third Meeting House of Congre- 
 gational Church — 61 
 
INDEX 
 
 XIX 
 
 Third Baptist Meeting House — 
 
 71-72 
 Thomas Bradford — 535 
 Thompson, James — 407-411 
 Thompson. Jonas — 23-88-407-411 
 Thompson, Orrin — 34-453 
 Thompson, Robert — 24-82-91 
 Thompson, Warren — 554 
 Thurston, Benjamin — 74 
 Thurston, Levi — 24-90-465 
 Tilson, Rev. — 70 
 Tingley, Samuel — 215 
 Titu.s, I.eno.x— 407-411 
 Tonkin, Elder Henry — 70 
 Tower, Rev. Francis E. — 222 
 Town Clerks — 36-37 
 Town Government — 22 
 Town Meeting's — 14 
 Town Meetings, First — 14 
 Town Meetings, Early — 15 
 Town, Moses — 541 
 Town I'reasurer.s — 91 
 Town, William — ^327-545-451 
 Town, William — 5-29-37-53-451 
 Townsend, Harlan P. — 99 
 Townsend, James — 435 
 Trustees of Public Library — 109- 
 
 110 
 Tucker, George W. — 303 
 Tully River — 41 
 Turner, Andrew W. — 4 43 
 Turner. Ephraim — 513 
 Turner. Jerathmural — 498 
 Turner, Miss M. — 98 
 Turner, Jonas M. — 25-31-550-490- 
 
 474 
 Turner, John — 478-223 
 Turner, Marden Hartwell — 499 
 Turpin, Rev. Edward — 4 79 
 Turpin. Rev. Henry — 479 
 Twitchell, Eugene G. — 32-33 
 Twitchell — Elbridge — 54 6-47 4 
 Twitchell, Chester — 546 
 Twitchell, Seth — 546 
 Twitchell, Ginery — 462 
 Twitchell, Francis — 468 
 Tyler, Charles H. — 380 
 Tyler, Ernest Warren — 80 
 Tyler, P. C. — 379 
 Tyler, Arthur F. — 263 
 
 U ■ 
 
 Upham, Joshua M. — 555 
 Upham, Daniel W. — 555 
 Upham, Arthur Aquila— 10.W7!)- 
 
 397 
 Upham, Benjamin W. — 7-378-397- 
 
 250-235 
 Upham, Charles M.^^443 
 Upham & Day — 471 
 Upham, Elmer Benjamin — 379- 
 
 Upham, John — 378 
 
 L phani, John M.— 128-o00-474-4fi9 
 
 Upham, Lorenzo — 443 
 
 Upham, Otis K.— 436 
 
 Upton, Rev. Augustus G. — 171 
 
 Valuation — 34-35-36 
 Vanderbilt, Wm. H. — 125 
 Van Patten. Frederick — 234 
 
 Vinton. Rev. Porter M. — 478 
 Vose, Edwin O. — 436 
 Vose, W. N. — 8 2 
 Vose, William H. — 513-514 
 Vote for Governor — 83 
 Vote for President — 83 
 
 w 
 
 Walker 
 Walker 
 Walker 
 Walker 
 
 204 
 
 Wait, Joseph — 404-405-407-411 
 Wait, Josiah — 412-467 
 Wait. Nathaniel — 411 
 Waite, Benjamin — 22-29 
 Waite, Josiah — 540 
 Wakefield, Arrington Clay — S58 
 W^akefield, Solomon — 2'62 
 Waldron, Col. John — 531 
 Walker, Aleck — 205 
 Walker, Asa — 204-90-92-415 
 Walker, Calvin — 209-74 
 Walker, Charles Sumner — 207 
 Walker, Clarence J. — 205-206 
 Walker, Daniel — 196 
 
 Edward Everett — 207 
 Elijah — 209-5-87 
 George E. — 205 
 Herbert Thomas — 205- 
 Walker, James — 209-74 
 Walker, John Bigelow — 208-415- 
 
 444 
 Walker, John Bigelow, Jr. — 208 
 Walker, Jonah — 209-74 
 Walker, Dea. Joseph — 205-25-26- 
 
 31-32-37-79-94-447-436-455 
 Walker, Lyman — 209-99 
 Walker, Moses — 208-45-87-91-411 
 Walker, Obadiah — ^204-5 
 Walker, Obadiah — 206-31-37-112- 
 
 447-492-250 
 Walker, Lieut. Obadiah- 
 Walker. R. J. — 94 
 Walker. Reuben — 209 
 Walker. Rebeccah Metcalf — 208 
 Walker. Thomas — 203 
 Walker, Thomas, Jr. — 203 
 Walker, T. B. — 232 
 Walker, Willard — 209 
 Walker, William — 209 
 Walker, William N. — 204 
 Walker, Moses 2d — 411 
 Walker, Marcus A. — 436 
 Walton, John — 172 
 Walsh. Rev. Robert — 479 
 Ward. (General Artemas — '>'.i4 
 Ward, Jabez — 554 
 Ward, W. Scott — 100 
 Wanamaker. Wm. H.. Jr.— 
 Warner, Alanson — 436 
 Warner, E. T. — 25-31 
 Warren. Daniel — 88 
 Warren, Emerson — 447 
 W'arren, Joseph — 402 
 Waste, Ebenezer — '22 
 Watts, Samuel — 1 
 Watruss, Oliver — 253 
 Waugh, Bishop — 526 
 Weber, John — 436 
 Webster, Alexander — 478 
 Webster, Daniel — 503 
 Webster, Lucien — 433 
 Weeks, Caleb — 523 
 Weeks, Fred D. — 491 
 Weeks, F. & Co. — 198 
 Wellington, Jonathan — 41: 
 
 241 
 
XX 
 
 HISTORY OF ROY ALSTON 
 
 Wheeler 
 
 Wheeler 
 
 Wheeler 
 
 Wheeler 
 
 Wheeler 
 
 Wheeler 
 
 Wheeler 
 
 Wheeler 
 
 Wheeler 
 
 Wheeler 
 
 Wheeler 
 
 Wheeler 
 
 Wheeler 
 
 Wheeler 
 
 Wheeler 
 
 Wheeler 
 
 Wheeler 
 
 Wheelei 
 
 Wheeler 
 
 Wheele 
 
 Wheelei 
 
 Wheeler 
 
 Wheelei 
 
 Wheelei 
 
 Wheelei 
 
 Wheelei 
 
 Wheelei 
 
 Wellman, L,. M. — 527 
 
 Wells, Dr. Henry — 114 
 
 Whaland, Albert — 71 
 
 Wheeler, Capt. Adam — 407 
 Aaron — 551 
 Amos — 407 
 Amos 1st— 409-411 
 Amos 2d — 411 
 Amos 3d — 411 
 Arthur P. — 553 
 Benjamin — 551 
 Benjamin S. — 553 
 Charles M. — 553 
 Clarence E. — 553 
 Daniel — 551 
 Darwin F. — 454 
 David — 549 
 Elmer Jeremiah — 553 
 Enez E. — 550 
 Everett Roswell — 553 
 Ezra D.— 550-443 
 Family — 549 
 Frank — 553 
 Frank B. — 552-445 
 George Nelson — 551-436 
 Geor;?e M.— 208 
 Harry — 553 
 Henrv R. — 553 
 James Elliot — 553 
 Jeremiah Bishop — 552 
 Jesse Forristall — 550- 
 25-31-35 
 
 Wheeler, Joseph — 551 
 
 Wheeler, Col. Josiah — 549-415-528 
 
 Wheeler, Josiah Wait — 550 
 
 Wheeler, Julius R. — 553 
 
 Wheeler, Rev. L. — 70 
 
 Wheeler, Leonard — 551-37-378- 
 469 
 
 Wheeler, Lester Elmon — 553 
 
 Wheeler, Levi — 549 
 
 Wheeler, Levi Whitney — 552 
 
 Wheeler, Lord Nelson — 551-103- 
 101 
 
 Wheeler, Lyman S. — 550-436 
 
 W^heeler, Mason — 551 
 
 Wheeler, Mason — 552 
 
 Wheeler. Lieut. Nathan — 549-6-53 
 405-408-409-411 
 
 Wheeler, Paul— 549-91 
 
 Wheeler, Ralph Anson — 553 
 
 Wheeler, Robert A. — 553 
 
 Wheeler, Rufus B. P. — 550-443 
 
 Wheeler. Russell — 551-552 
 Capt. Russell — 552 
 Russell, Jr. — 552 
 Russell — 552-91-454-462 
 
 .. ..^^.^., Samuel — 553 
 
 Wheeler, Warren L. — 551-437 
 
 Wheeler, Nathaniel — 86-87 
 
 Whee'er. S. Weston — 224 
 
 Wheeler, Seth — 86-87 
 
 Wheeler, Rev. L. — 70 
 
 Wheeler, Nathan, Jr. — 404-408- 
 405-409-411 
 
 Wheeler, Watson — 95 
 
 Wheeler, J. M. — 455 
 
 Whidden, Charles R. — 218 
 
 AVhipple, Elkanah — 266 
 
 Whipple, Nancy — 214 
 
 Whipple, Rev. Reuben — 513 
 
 WMiipple, Silas — 93 
 
 Whitcomb, Mark — 287 
 
 White, Alanson — 92 
 
 White, Adriel — 25-31-51-93 
 
 White, Adriel C. — 93-143-244-437 
 
 White, Asaph M. — 25-26-31-32-93- 
 94-141-244-260-437 
 
 W^heeler, 
 Wheeler, 
 Wheeler. 
 Wheelei 
 
 White, Elisha — 242 
 
 Wheeler, Erastus B. — 242 
 
 White, Dr. John — 391 
 
 White, Philetus Davis — 243 
 
 White, Rollin N. — 437 
 
 White, Rollin O. — 244-245 
 
 White, M. W. — 26-36-141-145-456 
 
 White, S. — 12 
 
 White, Stephen P. — 437 
 
 White, Thomas — 89 
 
 White, Wellington— 128-143-146- 
 
 243-444 
 White, Willard W. — 455 
 Whitney, Rev. Aaron— 54 
 Whitney, Alfred H. — 386-396 
 Whitney, Amasa — 246 
 Whitney, Amos — 92-373 
 Whitnev, Chandler — 444 
 Whitney, David E. — 212 
 Whitnev, Ebenezer — 328 
 Whitney, Edward — 540 
 Whitnev, Elmer — 141 
 Whitney, Ephraim — 90-91-250 
 Whitnev, Col. George — 25-34-35- 
 
 36-61-74-79-80-128-139-373-398 
 -446-45 2-469-470-4 75-515-563 
 Whitney, George E.— 143-373-393- 
 
 394-469-475 
 Whitney, John — 276 
 Whitnev, Lemuel — 91 
 Whitney, George, "Woolen Mill — 
 
 484 
 Whitnev, Baxter D .& Son — 287 
 Whittier, John — 482 
 Whitmore, Abijah — 444 
 Whitmore, Arren — 540 
 Whitmore & Bruce — 470 
 Whitmore, Capt. Enoch — 91-412- 
 
 540-514 
 Whitmore, John — 34 
 Whitmore. John — 407-411-541-453 
 
 -454 
 Whitmore, Capt. John — 541-534 
 Whitmore, John, Jr. — 411 
 Whitmore, Joseph — 540 
 Whitmore, Isaac — 540 
 Wilcox, Calvin H. — 142-455 
 Wilder, George — 492 
 Wilder, Joseph, Jr. — 1 
 Wilder, Josiah W. — 301 
 Wiley. Col. D. D.— 382 
 Wilkey, J. F. — 508 
 Wilkins, Newhall H. — 438 
 Willev, Charles A. — 275 
 Willard, Joshua — 11-14-15 
 Williams, Rev. C. B. — 71-140 
 Williams, Joseph — 438 
 AVillis. C. B. — 97 
 Willis, Dr. Isaac P.— 115-116-93 
 Wilson, Arnold — 532 
 Wilson, Dr. A. L. — 387 
 Wilson, Charles A. — 444 
 Wilson, George W. — 437 
 Wilson, J. Ormond — 386-387-101- 
 
 563 
 Wilson, James — 387-246-245 
 Wilson, Rev. Jarvis — 478 
 Wilson, John — 438 
 Wilson, Nathaniel — 415 
 Wilson, M. A. — 98 
 Wilthorne, Francis — 220 
 Winslow, Rev. E. D. — 478 
 Winslow, Hon. Samuel E. — 155- 
 
 156 
 Withington, William— 2 
 Wood. A. B. — 223 
 Wood, Robert, Jr. — 551 
 Wood, C. Robert, Jr. — 112 
 Wood, Albion Royal — 293 
 
INDEX 
 
 XXI 
 
 Wood, Wm. W. — 471 
 
 Wood, Elmer — 293 
 
 Wood. George H. — 292-437 
 
 Wood, Henrv S.— 292-293-416-437 
 
 Wood, John — 292 
 
 Wood. John — 291-2-91-93-200 
 
 Wood, Nancy Lord — 292 
 
 Wood, Rev. Plinv — 478 
 
 Wood, John M. — 438 
 
 Wood, Nelson G. — 444 
 
 Woodbury, Benjamin — 199-15-22- 
 
 53-86 
 Woodbury, Benjamin — 200 
 Woodbury, Dea. Benjamin — 203 
 Woodbury, Benajah — 203-408-409 
 
 411 
 Woodburv, Capt. Daniel — 200-24- 
 
 30-36-89-90-91 
 Woodburv, Daniel Raymond — 201 
 Woodbury, George — '201-37-48- 
 
 454 
 Woodbury, Mrs. George — 108-130- 
 
 360-361 
 Woodbury. George Edward — 202 
 Woodbury, Col. Jacob — 355 
 Woodbury, James — 200 
 Woodbury, James Peter — 201 
 Woodburv, John — 199 
 Woodbury, Jonathan — 199 - 200- 
 
 409-411-196 
 Woodbury, Joshua — 199 
 
 Woodbury, Joseph — 199 
 Woodbury, Joseph — 200 
 Woodbury, Leslie Hanks — 202- 
 
 456 
 Woodbury, Lot — 200-411 
 Woodbury. Martha Almira — 202 
 Woodburv. Capt. Peter — -199-200- 
 
 401-407-408-409-464-461-411-15 
 22-23-29-30-31-36-37-78-86-90 
 Woodbury, Peter — 201 
 Woodbury, Rev. Joseph — 478 
 Woodbury, Peter 2d — 404-405-408 
 
 -411 
 Woodcock, Jeremiah — 464 
 Woodcock & Sawyer — 247 
 Woodward, Amos — 454 
 Woodworth, Rev. Charles Louis — 
 
 274 
 WooUey, Lydia — 7 
 Work, James — 22-411 
 Work, Oliver — 29-30-78-106 
 Wright, Henrv P. — 349 
 Wright, Josiah — 92 
 Wyman, Benjamin Franklin — 202 
 Wyman, Seth — 249 
 Wyman, Silas, Jr. — 444 
 
 Young, Zachariah F. — 212 
 
THIS BOOK "WAS PRINTED AT 
 THE PRESS OF THE ATHOL TRANSCRIPT 
 
 ATHOL, MASS. 
 
 11 7 8 "•' 
 

 
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