Class rLil_ 
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 COPYRIGHT DEPOSIT. 
 
HON. RUDOLPH BLANKENBURG 
 
 Mayor of Philadelphia 
 
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 I 4^niLADEUPhiA Maneto 
 
 myybR^TWU^ LOVE 
 
 The Birthplace of Liberty 
 Rich in Historic Interest 
 Foremost as a Manufacturing Center 
 Noted for Educational Facilities 
 The City of Homes 
 
 By 
 
 WILLIAM W. MATOS 
 
 I OFFICIAL SOUVENIR 
 
 i Thirty-first Annual Convention 
 
 I National Association of 
 
 I Master Plumbers of the United States 
 
 I Philadelphia, June 17, 18, 19, 1913 
 
 M Published under the auspices of the 
 
 M Philadelphia Master Plumbers' Association 
 
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 Copyright 19 13 
 
 Matos-Menz Advertising Company, Inc. 
 
 Philadelphia and New York 
 
 Printed by 
 George H Buchanan Company, Philadelphia 
 
 ©CI.A8 50 3r) 
 
Philadelphia extends a hearty w^elcome to the 
 delegates and ladies attending the Thirty-first 
 Annual Convention of the National Associa- 
 tion of Master Plumbers of the United States 
 
 IHILADELPHIA. the City of Brotherly Love, extends 
 a hearty welcome to the delegates and the ladies who 
 come from all parts of the country to attend the 
 Thirty-first Annual Convention of the National Associa- 
 tion of Master Plumbers of the United States. 
 The members of the Philadelphia Master Plumbers' Associa- 
 tion, to whom was delegated the pleasant task of arranging for the 
 Convention, appreciate in the highest degree the honor conferred 
 upon them, and earnestly express the desire and hope that the 
 Convention will be a most successful and profitable one to all con- 
 cerned. 
 
 In preparing this book for you, we want it to convey our 
 message of hospitality. May it guide your steps to the hallowed 
 places of history, and in after years when you turn its pages, 
 may it bring back to your mind pleasant recollections of the 
 Convention and of the friends you have met in the City of 
 Brotherlv Love 
 
TABLE OF CONTENTS 
 
 PAGE 
 
 PHILADELPHIA'S WELCOME TO THE DELEGATES 5 
 
 HISTORY OF PHILADELPHIA 
 
 Early settlements before Penn — Founded by Penn, 1683 — The 
 Benjamin Franklin Period — Philadelphia's Tea Party — The 
 Revolutionary Period — The Story of the Declaration of 
 Independence — The Liberty Bell — History of the State 
 House — Birth of the Nation — Wherein Philadelphia was 
 First — Consolidation of the City — The "City of Homes" — 
 An Educational Center — The "City of Churches" — Govern- 
 ment of Philadelphia — Police and Fire Departments — The 
 City Hall — Free Library System — Philadelphia Filtration 
 System — Philadelphia's Transit Facilities 9 
 
 PHILADELPHIA, WORLD'S GREATEST WORKSHOP 
 
 Brief review of the many industries in which Philadelphia ranks 
 
 first, second or third 35 
 
 FAIRMOUNT PARK 
 
 The largest playground owned by any city in the world, con- 
 taining 3448 acres — Washington Monument — East Park — 
 West Park and the Wissahickon 39 
 
 CHRONOLOGICAL HISTORY OF PHILADELPHIA 
 
 Dating from 1609 and reviewing important events up to the 
 
 Twentieth Century 54 
 
 POINTS OF INTEREST IN PHILADELPHIA 
 
 Giving locations and how to reach them 69 
 
 A GLIMPSE INTO THE PAST 74 
 
 NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF MASTER PLUMBERS OF 
 THE UNITED STATES 
 Purposes for which organized — Officers and Directors — Pre- 
 vious Conventions '7^ 
 
 PROGRAMME OF THIRTY-FIRST ANNUAL CONVENTION 84 
 
 THE PHILADELPHIA MASTER PLUMBERS' ASSOCIA- 
 
 . TION 
 
 Purposes for which organized — Officers and Directors — What it 
 
 has accomplished — The Labor Bureau — Credit Information 
 
 Bureau — Beneficial Fund — Committees in Charge of the 
 
 Thirty-first Annual Convention 86 
 
 THE PHILADELPHIA PUBLIC TRADES SCHOOL 
 
 First public trades school established in America — Courses of 
 
 study 100 
 
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS 
 
 PAGE 
 
 Portrait — Hon. Rudolph Blankenburg Frontispiece 
 
 Seal of the City of Philadelphia Title Page 
 
 Portrait and Signature of William Penn 8 
 
 Penn's Treaty with the Indians ' 10 
 
 Early View of Philadelphia ii 
 
 William Penn's House 12 
 
 Portrait — Benjamin Franklin 14 
 
 Independence Hall 16 
 
 Signing of the Declaration of Independence 17 
 
 First Philadelphia Water Works 21 
 
 Philadelphia Institutions of Learning 24 
 
 Philadelphia Churches 26 
 
 Philadelphia Police and Fire Stations 28 
 
 Philadelphia Library Buildings 3° 
 
 Philadelphia Subway and Elevated Road 32 
 
 Tower of City Hall 33 
 
 Market Street, west from Eleventh Street 34 
 
 "Old Ironsides" 36 
 
 Scenes in Fairmount Park ■ 40 
 
 Statuarj^ in Fairmount Park and in the City 42 
 
 Philadelphia Temples of Art, Science and Trade 44 
 
 Philadelphia Filtration Plant, Torresdale 46 
 
 Views of Sand Filters 48 
 
 Philadelphia Hotels 50 
 
 Philadelphia Hospitals 5- 
 
 "Rapid Transit" in Ye Olden Times 75 
 
 Portrait — Frank J. Fee 76 
 
 Portraits — National Officers 78 
 
 Portraits — National Directors 80, 82 
 
 Portrait — Edward F. Roberts 85 
 
 Portrait — George F. Uber 87 
 
 Portraits — Philadelphia Officers and Committeemen 89, 91 
 
 Portraits — Ladies' Reception Committee 93, 95> 97 
 
 Group — Graduating Class. Philadelphia Public Trades School 102 
 
Penn in the Suit of Armor 
 
Philadelphia, Founded by William Penn in 
 1683, the Birthplace of Liberty, the typical 
 American City, and known throughout the 
 world as the City of Brotherly Love 
 
 ILLIAM PENN, the Founder of Philadelphia, the City 
 of Brotherly Love and the third largest city in the 
 United States, so far as population is concerned, un- 
 doubtedly named his city after the ancient city of 
 Philadelphia, in Asia Minor. 
 Penn, as a young man in England, was deeply religious. Not- 
 withstanding the objections of his father. Admiral Sir William 
 Penn, the Founder continued to devote much of his time to religious 
 matters and especially to the doctrine of the Society of Friends. 
 Frequently his religious fervor got him into trouble and once he 
 was imprisoned for six months in London for preaching the doc- 
 trine of the Society. 
 
 Being a strong believer in religious freedom, it is no wonder 
 that the Founder, when he laid out his city for his followers in 
 the year 1683, should have selected its name from the Bible. 
 Philadelphia, the ancient city in Asia Minor, is named twice in 
 the New Testament (Revelation i. 11 ; iii. 7) and Penn knew that 
 the word Philadelphia meant Brotherly Love. 
 
 What more appropriate name could have been selected for a 
 city where the predominant thought was to be religious freedom 
 for all its inhabitants? 
 
 In the selection of a motto for the city seal, the municipal 
 authorities in later years closely followed Penn's thoughts and took 
 from the Bible, Hebrews xiii, i, the verse "Philadelphia Maneto," 
 meaning "Let Brotherly Love Continue." 
 
 As laid out by William Penn, in 1683. the city comprised only 
 that part now bounded by Vine Street on the north and South 
 Street on the south, with the Delaware and Schuylkill Rivers as 
 the east and west boundaries. From a small beginning and with a 
 mere "handful" of inhabitants, Philadelphia has grown and pros- 
 pered until today it covers an area of one hundred and twenty-nine 
 
 9 
 
PHILADELPHIA 
 
 and a half square miles, with a population of 1,650,000 — the third 
 largest city so far as population is concerned — and without question 
 the greatest manufacturing center in the United States. 
 
 In keeping with Penn's thoughts that the city should be a haven 
 of freedom for the people of all nationalities and of all creeds, 
 where all were to be welcomed and make their homes, so is the 
 great city today a "city of brotherly love" and a "city of homes." 
 In possibly no other American city will the home life be found so 
 
 Penn's Treaty with the Indians 
 
 Original of this painting is in Independence Hall 
 Painted by Benjamin West, the first American painter 
 
 ideal as in Philadelphia. It is truly a City of Homes, — more than 
 340,000 all told— and the most of them owned by their occupants. 
 Penn was not the first to land on the site of his contemplated 
 city. At the time of his first coming, he was greeted by a few 
 people who had preceded him and by a number of Indians. In 
 Independence Hall, Sixth and Chestnut Streets, the Mecca for 
 pilgrims from all parts of the United States, is a large oil painting 
 depicting Penn making a treaty with the Indians. This painting 
 is by Benjamin West, the first American painter. The scene of 
 
 10 
 
PHILADELPHIA 
 
 Penn's Treaty was Shackamaxon, on the Delaware, in the north- 
 eastern section of the city, now marked by a small park containing 
 the Penn Treaty Monument. There is no record of any written 
 treaty having been made with the Indians at that time, or in fact 
 at any time since — until February, 191 3. Then, two hundred and 
 thirty years after Penn's arrival, there was a treaty signed by the 
 Indians and President William H. Taft, upon the occasion of 
 "breaking ground" for the erection of the Indian memorial, at 
 the Narrows, near the entrance to the Bay of New York. It is 
 quite a coincidence that Penn, the Founder of Philadelphia, should 
 be depicted making a treaty of peace with the original inhabitants — 
 the Indians — and that another Philadelphian, Mr. Rodman Wana- 
 
 Windmill Island on the left 
 
 View of Philadelphia 
 
 From an old print 
 Christ Ghurch in the center 
 
 maker, should have been the originator of the thought and donor 
 to the country of the great memorial to be erected to the memory 
 of the original inhabitants of the Western Hemisphere. 
 
 No review of the history of Philadelphia would be complete 
 without reference being made to the fact that attempts had been 
 made to colonize within the present borders of Pennsylvania as 
 early as 1623. Captain Kornelius Jacobus Mey, a Dutchman, sailed 
 up the Delaware Bay and river in 1623, possibly as far as the site 
 of Penn's city. Cape May is named after him. The Swedes had 
 their early settlements along the river as early as 1638. One of 
 the early forts of the Swedes was located in the neighborhood where 
 today stands Gloria Dei (Old Swedes) Church. 
 
 Penn's City — Philadelphia — officially dates from the year 1683. 
 With him there came from England craftsmen of every sort, who 
 at once started work in making homes for themselves and begin- 
 
 II 
 
PHILADELPHIA 
 
 ning the occupations which were to sustain them and their city. 
 The Founder gave much thought to the laying out of Philadelphia 
 and it was he who laid out the central square, where now stands 
 the City Hall. His plans also provided that this central square 
 should be the site for buildings for public affairs. The straight 
 streets, crossing each other at regular distances, which plan has 
 since been carried out in the growth of the city, were also Penn's 
 idea. He laid out the present Market Street and the present 
 
 William Penn's House i^r^)'" a" o'd print 
 
 This house was originally erected in Letitia Street and was the first brick structure in 
 Philadelphia, the bricks having been brought from England. Some years ago it 
 was carefully removed to West Fairmount Park, where it is open to visitors. 
 
 Broad Street as his two principal thoroughfares, and all the exist- 
 ing streets in the territory originally laid out by Penn for his city, 
 are practically the same today as in his original plans. 
 
 The first one hundred years' development of Philadelphia wit- 
 nessed a really wonderful growth, but it is not at all surprising when 
 one realizes that the followers of Penn included mechanics and 
 workers of all kinds. Within four years from the start, the city 
 boasted of the first printing press in the New World, and also cotton, 
 
 12 
 
PHILADELPHIA 
 
 paper and woolen mills ; brickyards, shipyards and factories of 
 all kinds. Fiftv years after Penn's arrival the population was about 
 12,000 and the number of houses erected about 3000. 
 
 The progressive spirit of the early inhabitants was again shown 
 when they developed the first line of transportation facilities in 
 the country. In 1732, transportation was opened to New York, 
 three days being necessary for the journey. In 1773, the first 
 stage coaches were introduced, making the trip from Philadelphia 
 to New York in two days, and it is very interesting to note that the 
 fare in those early days was exactly what it costs now for a round 
 trip — four dollars. 
 
 Although not generally known, to Philadelphia belongs the 
 honor and credit of introducing the first steamboat. In 1788 John 
 Fitch, then living in Philadelphia, conceived the idea of propelling 
 a boat by steam. He constructed a boat equipped with paddles 
 and launched it on the Delaware. This primitive boat, the fore- 
 runner of the mightly ocean greyhound of the Twentieth Century, 
 made several trips up the Delaware as far as Burlington and 
 Trenton. In addition to having presented the first steamboat, the 
 citv was the pioneer in building ships and has always maintained 
 the reputation of being the largest shipbuilding city in the United 
 States. 
 
 Linked with the earliest history of the city is its unsurpassed 
 reputation as an educational center. In the same year that Penn 
 arrived the first English school was founded. In 1689 the Friends' 
 Public School, now known as the William Penn Charter School was 
 established. In 1740 Benjamin Franklin laid the foundation of 
 what is now the University of Pennsylvania. 
 
 To Franklin, the founder of the University of Pennsylvania, 
 Philadelphia owes much for the rapid strides made prior to the 
 Revolutionary period. Born in Boston, January 17, 1706, he came 
 to Philadelphia in 1723. He secured employment in a printing 
 office, and in a comparatively short time he owned his own plant 
 and became publisher of the Pennsylvania Gazette. This was in 
 1729. In 1736 he entered public life and two years later became a 
 member of the General Assembly. In 1737, he was appointed 
 Deputy Postmaster of Philadelphia. He also organized the first 
 police force, the first fire company, a militia force, and in many 
 ways led in various movements for the improvement of the city 
 and the comfort of its inhabitants. He soon became the foremost 
 man in the Province of Pennsylvania and was among the first to 
 foresee the trouble which led to the Revolution. Franklin did much 
 
 13 
 
PHILADELPHIA 
 
 to avoid the war, and, when he saw that it was inevitable, was largely 
 instrumental in having- the Continental Congress issue the Declara- 
 tion of Independence, of which he was a signer. It was in Phila- 
 delphia — even at the time that Franklin was active in public affairs — 
 
 Benjamin Franklin From the original by Martin 
 
 that he found time to carry on scientific investigations. As a result 
 of his experimental work in scientific affairs, he was the first to 
 demonstrate to the world that lightning and electricity were the 
 same. Franklin died here — April 17, 1790 — and his grave at Fifth 
 and Arch Streets is visited by thousands annually. 
 
 14 
 
PHILADELPHIA 
 
 Very few Philadelphians know that Philadelphia had a "tea 
 party" before the much-heralded Boston "tea pafty." The fact 
 is that on October i6, 1773, twenty days prior to the famous Boston 
 "Tea Party" of November 5, 1775, Philadelphia witnessed an enthu- 
 siastic mass meeting in State House Square, now known as Inde- 
 pendence Square, where strong resolutions were offered refusing to 
 pay the tax on tea. This meeting was called immediately after the 
 news reached Pennsylvania that a three-penny tax on tea had been 
 ordered by England, and the resolutions adopted declared that it 
 was the duty of every colonist to oppose the payment of this tax. 
 The ship "Polly," loaded with tea, was on the way to Philadelphia 
 on December 27, that year. The ship arrived and Captain Ayers 
 came to the city where 8000 excited people met him and he was 
 ordered to take the ship back to England, after one day's grace had 
 been given him to obtain food and water. The people made him 
 understand that they would not buy the stamps under the Stamp 
 Act, and the next day, Captain Ayers left the city and took his 
 ship back to London. This act clearly showed the temper of the 
 American people and gave the plainest evidence necessary that the 
 Revolutionary War was an unavoidable certainty. 
 
 The Revolutionary period made Philadelphia the birthplace of 
 the nation. It was here on September 4, 1774, that the First Con- 
 tinental Congress assembled in Carpenters' Hall, bringing together 
 George Washington, John Adams, John Jay, Peyton Ran- 
 dolph and other leaders who were conspicuously active in the move- 
 ments which led up to the Declaration of Independence and the 
 birth of the nation. Carpenters' Hall is still standing. It is located 
 on Chestnut Street, just east of Fourth Street. The building was 
 erected in 1724 by the Carpenters' Company, a society of carpen- 
 ters and architects. It is today used as a museum and contains 
 many interesting collections dating from the colonial period. 
 
 It was soon after the First Continental Congress met that the 
 war was a foregone conclusion. Hostilities commenced at Lexing- 
 ton, Massachusetts, and in Philadelphia the enrollment of troops 
 was immediately started. Among the very first of the companies 
 organized was the First Troop, Philadelphia City Cavalry, dating 
 from November 17, 1774, and which organization has since been 
 maintained as an active troop of cavalry. Its flag was carried 
 throughout the Revolutionary War and in all wars following, the 
 Troop has taken an active part. It is today part of the National 
 Guard of Pennsylvania. From the time of Washington to the 
 
 15 
 
PHILADELPHIA 
 
 present, the Troop has acted as the escort of every President of 
 the United States. 
 
 The Second Continental Congress met in the State House (now 
 known as Independence Hall) May lo, 1775. Benjamin Franklin, 
 who had just returned from England, was elected a member of the 
 Congress and one of his first acts was to organize the Committee of 
 
 Independence Hall 
 
 As it appeared one hundred years ago 
 
 Safety. This Committee had as its duty the arming and equipping 
 of the Militia and providing for the defence of the city. 
 
 John Hancock was chosen president of the Congress and he 
 was one of the most patriotic of the citizens. He was active in 
 every movement to bring freedom and independence to the colonies, 
 and one year later, when he affixed his bold and plain signature to 
 the Declaration of Independence, he exclaimed : "John Bull can 
 read that without 'specs.' " 
 
 16 
 
PHILADELPHIA 
 
 It was the Second Continental Congress which appointed 
 Washington the commander-in-chief of the army. He was then 
 in the prime of his life, forty-three years old, erect and strong. 
 The army was then around Boston, and in a little more than a 
 month after the assembling of the Congress, the Battle of Bunker 
 Hill was fought, with its memorable result. When Washington 
 heard of the battle, he made his prediction, which was to become 
 true, that "the liberties of the country are safe." 
 
 From the painting by Trumbull 
 
 Signing the Declaration of Independence 
 
 At the time of the Battle of Bunker Hill, only three colonies, 
 Massachusetts, New Hampshire and South Carolina, had broken 
 away from the rule of King George, but a year later all the colonies 
 were demanding independence. On June 7, 1776, a resolution was 
 presented in the Congress declaring that "these United Colonies are 
 and of right ought to be, free and independent States; that they 
 are absolved from all allegiance to the British crown and that all 
 political connection between them and Great Britain is and ought 
 to be totally dissolved." 
 
 That was the resolution, offered by Richard Henry Lee, of 
 Virginia, which gave birth to the Declaration of Independence. 
 
 17 
 
PHILADELPHIA 
 
 The Congress debated it calmly and, as every indication showed 
 that the delegates were eager for independence, a committee con- 
 sisting of Thomas Jefferson, of Virginia, as chairman ; Roger Sher- 
 man, of Connecticut; Robert R. Livingston, of New York, and 
 John Adams, of Massachusetts, was appointed to draft a declara- 
 tion along the lines of the resolution presented by Lee. 
 
 When the committee had completed its task, it delegated to 
 Jefferson the work of writing the important document which gave 
 birth to the nation. Jefferson wrote the Declaration of Independ- 
 ence in his boarding-house, which was located at Seventh and 
 Market Streets. A tablet upon the wall of the bank building which 
 now occupies the site of the old boarding-house commemorates this 
 fact. 
 
 After several days of preliminary discussion upon the Lee 
 resolution declaring for independence, it was expected that Congress 
 would act upon it on July i, 1776. The State House Square was 
 thronged on that day, but to the disappointment of the crowd, the 
 action was deferred. It was not until the evening of July 4, 1776, 
 that the Congress adopted the original resolution and also the 
 Declaration of Independence. Hardly had the vote been announced 
 than the State House bell — since known throughout the land as 
 the Liberty Bell — rang out the tidings to the people of the City. 
 
 What a prophecy was that which was cast upon the bell when 
 it was first brought from England in 175 1 — "Proclaim Liberty 
 throughout all the land unto all the inhabitants thereof — Lev. 
 XXV, X." Little did its original makers dream that later it would 
 ring out the news of the birth of a nation which at that time owed 
 allegiance to King George. 
 
 Copies of the declaration were sent the next day to General 
 Washington, commander-in-chief of the army; to all the com- 
 manding officers of the troops in the field and to all the colonies, 
 and at noon on July 8, the declaration was formally proclaimed 
 at the State House, when the Liberty Bell, then so called by 
 everyone, rang for an hour proclaiming liberty to all the people. 
 Thus it is seen that in less than one hundred years after the City 
 of Philadelphia was laid out by William Penn, the Founder, it was 
 here that a new nation was given birth. 
 
 The State House, or as it is now known — Independence Hall — 
 is the Mecca for thousands of visitors annually from all parts of 
 the world. It is situated on Chestnut Street between Fifth and 
 Sixth Streets, with Independence Square on its south side. It 
 was built during the years 1729 to 1734 and was first used as 
 
 18 
 
PHILADELPHIA 
 
 a "State House" in 1735. From 1775 to 1800, it was used by the 
 Colonial Congress, and by the Legislature of Pennsylvania until 
 1804. In 1787, as a sequence of the Revolution, the Constitution 
 of the United States was adopted there. In 1790. when Congress 
 decided to remove the capital from New York to Philadelphia, the 
 State House served as the capitol of the nation. In the building 
 at the corner of Sixth and Chestnut Streets, then known as Congress 
 Hall, Washington and Adams were inaugurated for the second 
 term of their Presidency and Vice Presidency, and Jefferson as 
 President in 1797. 
 
 From 1776 to 1783 was the period of the Revolutionary War, 
 and of particular interest connecting Philadelphia with the war was 
 the fact that it was a Philadelphian who raised the finances to carry 
 on the war and establish the government. This was Robert Morris, 
 delegate to the Continental Congress and a signer of the Declara- 
 tion of Independence. He was a financier and freely placed his 
 immense fortune at the disposal of the government. In 1780, 
 three years before the close of the war, he established the Bank of 
 North America in Philadelphia. After the Revolution he served 
 in the General Assembly of Pennsylvania and was also a delegate 
 to the convention which framed the Constitution of the United 
 States. From 1788 to 1795, he was a member of the United States 
 Senate. 
 
 Connected with the stirring incidents of the period which gave 
 birth to the nation is a very interesting story connected with the 
 Betsy Ross, or Flag House, located on Arch Street, east of Third. 
 In this little house, which is now standing and well preserved, lived 
 John Ross, an upholsterer by trade. He entered the army and gave 
 up his life in the cause and his widow carried on the business. In 
 May, 1776, Washington, who was then in the city, in company with 
 a committee, called upon Betsy Ross and had her make a sample 
 flag of thirteen stars and thirteen stripes. This was the design that 
 was adopted by Congress, June 14, 1777- 
 
 During the summer and early fall of 1777, the scene of war 
 shifted to Philadelphia, when the British under Howe took pos- 
 session of the city. Congress hastily adjourned and removed to 
 Lancaster, Pa., and the Liberty Bell, already beloved by the people, 
 was taken to Allentown. Pa., to prevent it from falling into the 
 hands of the British. On October 4, 1777, was fought the Battle 
 of Germantown, which resulted in the defeat of Washington's forces. 
 Following this battle the forces of Washington proceeded north 
 of the city and spent the miserable winter months in camp at 
 
 19 
 
PHILADELPHIA 
 
 Valley Forge. Visitors to the city will find much to interest them, 
 both in the Gerniantown district of the city and also at Valley Forge, 
 which is readily accessible by train or trolley car. 
 
 Benjamin Franklin returned about this time from France, where 
 he had been successful in having the French Government recog- 
 nize the independence of the colonies. Closely following his return 
 a French fleet approached Philadelphia, whereupon the British 
 abandoned the city. This was in the early summer of 1778. The 
 war by that time was carried into the West and South, and its 
 termination was practically reached by the bombardment of George- 
 town, October 19, 1781. The treaty of peace was signed at Paris, 
 September 3, 1783, just one hundred years after the founding of 
 Philadelphia by Penn. 
 
 The birth of the nation presented many perplexing problems. 
 After the severance of all ties with Great Britain, the Continental 
 Congress in 1777 proposed Articles of Confederation to the several 
 States, but these were not ratified until 1781. After the Revolu- 
 tion, the Congress found that it did not have power over all the 
 States, and Washington, who was appealed to, advised among 
 others, the Constitutional Convention. This was convened in Phila- 
 delphia, May 14, 1787, and remained in session for four months. 
 Washington was the presiding officer. The result of the conven- 
 tion was the adoption on September 17 of the Constitution of 
 the United States, and it was ratified by the several States in the 
 following order : 
 
 Delaware, December 7, 1787. 
 Pennsylvania, December 12, 1787. 
 New Jersey, December 13, 1787. 
 Georgia, January 2, 1788. 
 Connecticut, January 9, 1788. 
 Massachusetts, February 6, 1788. 
 Maryland, April 26, 1788. 
 South Carolina, May 23, 1788. 
 New Hampshire, June 21, 1788. 
 Virginia, June 25, 1788. 
 New York, July 26, 1788. 
 North Carolina, November 21, 1789. 
 Rhode Island, May 29, 1890. 
 
 The first capital of the new government was located at New 
 York, and Washington was inaugurated as the first President, March 
 4, 1789. In the following year, the capital was removed to Philadel- 
 
 20 
 
PHILADELPHIA 
 
 phia, and until 1800 this city remained the capital of the nation. As 
 Washington figured so prominently in all the afifairs which led to the 
 successful building of the nation, it will be of interest to know that it 
 was in Philadelphia on February 22, 1788, that Washington's Birth- 
 day was first officially observed. 
 
 While the period from 1775 to 1800 was filled with momentous 
 happenings affecting the interests of the people of the several 
 States, the same period found Philadelphia fast developing into a 
 most important city. The demands from all the States for manu- 
 
 Where the Philadelphia City Hall now Stands 
 
 The Centre Square Water Works, as the site appeared from 1800 to 1828 
 
 factured articles to take the place of goods formerly imported, 
 severely taxed the factories and mills of the city. But these wants 
 were all accommodated and from that time on Philadelphia has 
 been justly known as the leading manufacturing city in the country. 
 In thus reviewing a few of the important events from the time 
 of the founding of the city to the beginning of the Nineteenth Cen- 
 tury, a period in which the history of Philadelphia is closely allied 
 to the history of the nation, the following additional facts will be 
 of more than ordinary interest : 
 
 The first paper mill built in America was erected along Wissa- 
 hickon Creek (now Fairmount Park), in 1690. 
 
 21 
 
PHILADELPHIA 
 
 The mariners' quadrant was invented by Thomas Godfrey, in 
 Germantown, Philadelphia, in 1730. The remains of Godfrey are 
 buried in North Laurel Hill Cemetery. 
 
 The first Public Library in the United States was founded here 
 by Benjamin Franklin in 1731. 
 
 The first institution devoted to science in America — The Amer- 
 ican Philosophical Society — was founded here by Benjamin 
 Franklin in 1740. 
 
 The first Medical School in the United States was established 
 here in 1751. 
 
 The theory that lightning and electricity were the same, was 
 demonstrated here by Franklin in 1752. 
 
 The first American Expedition for Arctic Exploration left 
 Philadelphia, March 4, 1753. In this connection it is well to note 
 that the first Arctic Expedition under command of Robert E. Peary, 
 now Rear Admiral U. S. N., retired, the first man to reach the 
 North Pole, was sent out under the auspices of the Academy of 
 Natural Sciences in 1892. 
 
 The first School of Anatomy in America was founded here by 
 Dr. William Shippen in 1765. 
 
 The first Pianoforte manufactured in the United States was 
 made here by John Behrent, in 1775. 
 
 The first mint of the United States was established here in 
 1792, by act of Congress, the original location being at what is now 
 Seventh and Filbert Streets. 
 
 In 1794, the first turnpike road to be constructed in the United 
 States was opened from Philadelphia to Lancaster, a distance of 
 62 miles. 
 
 The first gas-light to be exhibited in the United States was 
 shown here in 1799. 
 
 From the beginning of the Nineteenth Century to 1854, the old 
 city of Philadelphia developed rapidly, and surrounding it were 
 twenty-eight distinct Districts, Townships and Boroughs, each with 
 its own charter and administrative officers. The population grew 
 rapidly and industry was to be noticed everywhere. In different 
 directions were scattered large manufacturing plants. Thus, for 
 instance, shipbuilding prospered along the upper Delaware ; textile 
 mills were established in the northeastern, southeastern and far 
 northern parts ; while in the more central parts, the machine industry 
 had its largest shops. 
 
 In 1854, the people of the various adjacent municipalities, tired 
 of the constant friction, succeeded in having the Consolidation Act 
 
 22 
 
PHILADELPHIA 
 
 passed by the State Legislature, thus making Philadelphia City co- 
 terminus with the boundary of Philadelphia County, with one gov- 
 ernment for all the sections and people. From that time to the 
 present, Philadelphia has ranked as one of the most important cities 
 in the United States. 
 
 Thus has been shown some of the important facts connected 
 with Penn's City, Philadelphia, from the time he laid it out and 
 when it covered an area of but two square miles and a mere hand- 
 ful of people, until it covers an area of one hundred twenty-nine 
 and a half square miles, with a population exceeding a million and 
 a half. The twenty-eight lamp-posts upon the Plaza of the City 
 Hall, each twenty-eight feet in height and capped with twenty-eight 
 lights, are memorials to the original twenty-eight separate munic- 
 ipalities which were consolidated with the original city of Phila- 
 delphia in 1854. Upon each post is a memorial tablet giving the 
 name of the District, Borough or Township it stands for, together 
 with the date of incorporation and copy of its Seal. 
 
 The Philadelphia of today can very aptly be referred to as the 
 "City of Homes," the "City of Education" and the "World's Greatest 
 Workshop." To give the visitor some idea of the home life here, it 
 should be known that there are at the present time 343,847 separate 
 dwelling houses in the city, the majority of them owned by those 
 who live in them. Of this number of houses, giving the city its 
 name of "The City of Homes," more than 95 per cent, are of brick 
 construction. Only 11,142 of this number of houses are of frame, 
 and no frame houses have been erected in recent years. In addi- 
 tion, there are 1906 hotels, apartment houses and tenements. It has 
 only been within recent years that the tenement house plan — so 
 common to other large cities — has been introduced into Philadelphia, 
 and these new houses have been established largely in the more 
 central and congested parts. Of the total number of dwelling 
 houses, fully one-fifth are of comparatively new construction, hav- 
 ing been erected during the past twenty years. 
 
 As an educational center there are 320 public schools, 265 
 buildings used as schools, under religious control, and a number of 
 colleges, furnishing educational facilities for more than 300,000 
 students daily. Two of Philadelphia's great Universities alone have 
 a student enrollment of more than 8000, and the various medical 
 and special schools accommodate many more thousands. There are 
 six noted medical colleges here, giving the city the reputation of 
 being the greatest medical educational center in the United States. 
 In connection with education special reference must be made to 
 
 23 
 
PHILADELPHIA 
 
 Girard College, the largest and most heavily endowed institution 
 in the world devoted to the care and education of orphan children. 
 It is centrally located and has an enrollment exceeding 1500. In 
 the grounds, which cover forty acres, are seventeen large marble 
 buildings. The body of Stephen Girard rests in the main building, 
 which is one of the notable marble structures in this country. 
 Girard College has an income producing endowment in. excess of 
 twenty-five million dollars. 
 
 Well might Philadelphia also be called the "City of Churches" 
 for it not only has several of the oldest and most historic in the 
 United States, but it has no less than nine hundred separate places 
 of worship. 
 
 The government of the City of Philadelphia is largely vested 
 in the hands of the Mayor, who is elected for a term of four 
 years and who cannot succeed himself in office. The Mayor appoints 
 the heads of the departments of Public Safety, Public Works, 
 Public Health and Charities, Supplies, Wharves, Docks and Ferries, 
 City Transit and the Civil Service Commission. Departments over 
 which the Mayor does not have jurisdiction, the heads of which are 
 elected for terms of four years, are Receiver of Taxes, City Con- 
 troller, City Treasurer, and City Solicitor. The legislative branch 
 of the city government consists of Select and Common Councils, 
 the former branch being composed of one member for each of the 
 forty-seven Wards of the City, elected for terms of four years, and 
 the latter of one member for every 4000 voters in each ward. The 
 terms of the members of Common Council are for two years. The 
 Board of Education is composed of twenty-one members appointed 
 by the Board of Judges. 
 
 The officials of the City at the present time are : 
 
 Mayor, Hon. Rudolph Blankenburg 
 
 Director of Public Safety, George D. Porter 
 
 Director of Public Works, Morris L. Cooke 
 Director of Public Health 
 
 and Charities, Joseph S. Neff, M.D. 
 
 Director of Supplies, Herman Loeb 
 Director of Wharves, Docks 
 
 and Ferries, George W. Norris 
 
 Director of City Transit,'^ A. Merritt Taylor 
 
 Receiver of Taxes, Hugh Black 
 
 City Treasurer, Murrell Dobbins 
 
 City Controller, John M. Walton 
 
 City Solicitor, Michael J. Ryan 
 
 *Department in operation July i, 1913. 
 
 25 
 
Philadelphia Churches 
 
 (i) Friends' Meeting House. (2) The Advocate (Episcopal). (3) Keneseth 
 Israel. (4) Arch Street M. E. Church. (5) Bethany Presbyterian Church. 
 (6) Grace Baptist Temple. (7) Cathedral of SS. Peter and Paul. 
 
PHILADELPHIA 
 
 Under the Department of Public Safety are the important 
 Bureaus of Fire and PoHce, together with the Electrical, Building 
 Inspection, Boiler Inspection, Correction and Elevator Inspection. 
 The task of policing such a great city is no small one, but it is 
 exceedingly gratifying to note that in Philadelphia the Police Depart- 
 ment is recognized as second to none in the United States, and 
 in addition, through the effective work of this Bureau, it has often 
 been declared by outsiders that in no other city is the public so 
 well safeguarded. The city's police strength is as follows : One 
 Superintendent, five Police Surgeons, five Captains of Police, one 
 Captain and twenty-nine detectives, forty-five Lieutenants of Police, 
 each commanding a district ; one hundred and sixteen Street Ser- 
 geants, sixty-four Patrol Drivers, sixty-four Patrol Officers, two 
 thousand nine hundred and forty Patrolmen, two hundred and fifty 
 substitute Patrolmen, and twenty-four Police Matrons. The city has 
 forty Police District Station Houses, many of which are of modern 
 construction and four Police Boats, patrolling both the Delaware 
 and Schuylkill rivers. 
 
 Next in importance to the Police Bureau is the Fire Bureau, 
 which has also earned for itself an untarnished record for efficiency 
 and bravery. At the present time the Fire Department consists of 
 fifty-seven steam engine companies, eighteen hook and ladder com- 
 panies, six chemical engine companies, one fire boat and tw'O water 
 towers. The strength of the Fire Department is one Chief Engineer, 
 eleven Battalion Chiefs, seventy-seven Captains, seventy-nine 
 Lieutenants, fifty-nine steam engineers, sixty-one firemen, ninety- 
 seven drivers, eighteen tillermen and six hundred and thirty-five 
 hose and laddermen. 
 
 Under the Department of Public Works comes the control 
 of all the property of the city (excepting schools), the maintenance 
 of streets, sewage and water supply. Under the City Property 
 Bureau the most noteworthy building is the City Hall. This is the 
 largest building in the world devoted exclusively to the adminis- 
 trative business of a city. The site upon which it stands was selected 
 by William Penn, and for just such purposes. Prior to its erection, 
 the city Government was housed in Independence Hall, but in 
 1868, City Councils adopted a resolution providing for the erec- 
 tion of a building and planned to erect it in Independence Square. 
 The people objected to that site and Broad and Market Streets 
 was selected by the people themselves — by popular vote — as the only 
 proper place for such a structure. Work on the erection of the 
 City Hall was started January 27, 1871, and nearly twenty-five years 
 
 27 
 
Types of Philadelphia Police and Fire Stations 
 
PHILADELPHIA 
 
 were required for its completion. Its cost was upwards of 
 $24,000,000. 
 
 From east to west, the City Hall measures 470 feet and from 
 north to south 486 feet, 6 inches. It covers an area of four and one- 
 half acres. The height of the tower is 547 feet 11^ inches, and 
 the width of the base of the tower is 90 feet. The clock face, which 
 is 361 feet above the pavement, is 26 feet in diameter. There are 
 662 rooms in the building and the area of the floor space is about 
 fourteen and one-half acres. 
 
 School Buildings could rightfully be referred to in this chap- 
 ter as city property, but it is sufficient to state here that in no other 
 city will the public school buildings be found to be of better 
 construction or have so many conveniences. Next to the school 
 buildings, reference should be made to the Philadelphia Free 
 Library System. Especially is such reference interesting from the 
 fact that the Free Library system, with its many well appointed and 
 handsome buildings,- only dates from 1894. At the present time, 
 twenty library buildings are ii] use, fifteen of which were erected 
 under the provisions of a gift by Mr. Andrew Carnegie and fifteen 
 additional buildings are to be built from funds provided by Mr. 
 Carnegie when sites are secured. The city has appropriated 
 $1,000,000 for a great central library which is to be erected on the 
 new Parkway, between Nineteenth and Twentieth, Wood and 
 Vine Streets. In addition to the Philadelphia Free Libraries, there 
 are forty-seven other libraries, open to the public under certain 
 eonditions, in the city. 
 
 Under the caption "City Property'' must be included the 
 bridges of the city, of which there are 571 within the city limits. 
 Of this number, 363 were built wholly or in part by the city. These 
 bridges cover a wide range in character, size and cost, running all 
 the way in cost from $2,500,000 (represented by the Spring Garden 
 Bridge) and 2730 feet in length, down to a concrete arch carrying 
 a railway over a narrow street, representing an expenditure of only 
 $1800. 
 
 An important Bureau in the Department of Public Works is 
 that in charge of Highways, and it can truly be said that Philadel- 
 phia's streets are well paved and carefully maintained. There are 
 within the city limits 1343 miles of paved streets and 471 miles of 
 roads. 
 
 Sanitary Engineers are always interested in the sewage system 
 of a great city, and in this respect Philadelphia's system is well 
 worth studying. There are nearly 1300 miles of sewers within the 
 
 29 
 
PHILADELPHIA 
 
 city's limits, a length sufficient if placed in a straight line to reach 
 from Philadelphia to New Orleans. In 1854, at the time of the 
 consolidation of the city, there were only 36 miles of branch and 
 main sewers. 
 
 The Philadelphia Filtration System has attracted the interest 
 of engineers in all parts of the world, and much could be written 
 about it. Briefly stated, the water supplied to the city is taken from 
 both the Schuylkill and Delaware rivers, and is filtered at and 
 pumped from four plants in different sections. 
 
 The largest plant used, which is well worth a visit, is at Tor- 
 resdale. This plant supplies the entire city, excepting West Phila- 
 delphia, Germantown, Chestnut Hill and Tioga. The water is 
 taken from the upper Delaware river. The plant includes sixty- 
 five slow sand filter beds, each three-fourths of an acre in size; 120 
 rapid filter beds, each a little more than a quarter of an acre in size, 
 and a filtered water basin of 50,000,000 gallons capacity. This plant 
 has a daily capacity of 240,000,000 gallons. The Torresdale Pump- 
 ing Station is equipped with eight centrifugal pumps of 40,000,000 
 gallons capacity daily ; auxiliary machinery for washing filters, light- 
 ing plant and handling coal, and nine 300 horse-power boilers, 
 equipped with automatic machinery, etc. From the Torresdale fil- 
 ters, the water is delivered through a conduit ten feet, seven inches 
 in diameter, about 14,000 feet distant to Lardner's Point Pump- 
 ing Station. This station is equipped with twelve vertical triple 
 expansion engines, supplemented by four engines of different types 
 and represents both as to equipment and capacity one of the most 
 modern plants in the world. 
 
 The Belmont plant, corner of Belmont Avenue and Ford 
 Road, in West Philadelphia; the Roxborough plant, on Ridge 
 Avenue near Shawmont Avenue, and the Queen Lane plant. Queen 
 Lane and Fox Street, supply the other sections of the city previ- 
 ously mentioned, the water being taken from the Schuylkill river. 
 These plants have a filtered water basin capacity of 77,000,000 
 gallons, and a daily capacity of 142,000,000 gallons. The total 
 cost of the filtration plants of Philadelphia to date has been 
 $27,300,000. 
 
 To the visitor, the question of transportation is always inter- 
 esting and today Philadelphia may well feel proud of the transporta- 
 tion facilities offered. The problem of scientifically handling the 
 street transit problem has been harder to solve in Philadelphia 
 than in any other city. The great congested business district 
 (practically confined to a few city blocks just east of the City Hall) 
 
 31 
 
o c 
 
 ■M i: 
 
 <u -7-i -a 
 
 S t, ^ 
 
 <u "^ 
 
 h. o 
 
 
PHILADELPHIA 
 
 made the problem a most difficult one. At the close of every day's 
 business, an immense army of workers in this one district wants to 
 get home quickly. The people live in every direction — north, 
 east, south and west, and naturally all want to save time. 
 
 Today, by the subway and elevated railway system on Market 
 Street, the problem of carrying passengers to West Philadelphia 
 and the rapidly building suburbs has been practically solved, leav- 
 ing to the many cross-town lines centering in the heart of the 
 city more freedom in the use of the central streets. Philadelphia 
 has recently introduced the latest designs in the "Pay-as-you-enter- 
 Car," and passengers enter and emerge from the front end of the 
 car only. Stops are only made at the near side of cross streets, 
 thus enabling passengers to enter and leave at the paved street 
 crossings. This rule of stopping efifects a great saving in the run- 
 ning time on each route. For the convenience of visitors, it is well 
 to know that the Philadelphia trolley conductors are instructed to 
 direct inquiring strangers as to the best way to reach any destina- 
 tion desired. 
 
 Tower of City Hall, Showing Roof of Building 
 
 33 
 
' w\l ' '' ^''^'VR 
 
 
 Wf^tl^gBS!^% 
 
 ^^^(^^^ 
 
 r cj — CD cc Of ( 
 
 a^^H^55^^ 
 
 rf!^^^a^J::!!^i^rr;i^gPl^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 -V4E_lit 
 
 i,ltfp??p».. 
 
Philadelphia, the ^vorld's greatest ^vorkshop 
 has more than 16,000 manufacturing plants, 
 employs 260,000 skilled laborers and annu- 
 ally produces more than $700,000,000 worth 
 of manufactured products. 
 
 |OLUMES could be written describing Philadelphia as 
 
 the "World's Greatest Workshop," but space prevents 
 
 noting more than the merest outline in this book. 
 
 Geographically, the city is ideally located to supply the 
 
 entire world with its manufactured product, for it is 
 
 situated upon a broad river capable of accommodating the largest 
 
 ships and within its confines are the terminals of three of the greatest 
 
 railroads in the country. 
 
 Summed up in the briefest way possible, Philadelphia with only 
 one-sixtieth of the population of the United States produces one- 
 twentieth of all its manufactures. It has 16,000 manufacturing 
 plants, employing 260,000 skilled laborers. Each year the consump- 
 tion of raw material exceeds in value $400,000,000 and the value of 
 the manufactured products is in excess of $700,000,000 annually. 
 In the value of its manufactures of locomotives, carpets and rugs, 
 leather, hosiery and knit goods, woolen goods, street railway cars, 
 iron and steel shipbuilding, felt hats, saws, upholstery goods and 
 oilcloth, Philadelphia leads every city in the United States. 
 Within a radius of five miles of the City Hall, nine-tenths of all 
 the carpets woven in the United States are manufactured. 
 
 Philadelphia stands second in the production of foundry and 
 machine shop products, sugar and molasses refining, petroleum refin- 
 ing, worsted goods, chemicals, druggists' preparations, dyeing and 
 finishing textiles, cordage, twine and fertilizers. 
 
 In shipbuilding Philadelphia has always stood in the fore- 
 front for more than a century and a quarter. A greater tonnage of 
 steel ships is built on the Delaware River than in all the rest of 
 the country. 
 
 As to locomotives, the fame of the Baldwin Locomotive Works, 
 with an army of more than 19,000 skilled workmen is international. 
 
 35 
 
PHILADELPHIA 
 
 Its immense Philadelphia plant located on Broad Street^ between 
 Spring Garden Street and Pennsylvania Avenue and extending 
 west to Sixteenth Street — the very heart of the city — is one of the 
 greatest attractions to all visitors. In past years, it has been in- 
 spected by representatives of every nation on the globe. At the 
 present time, the capacity of the great works is nearly 3000 loco- 
 motives annually, or about ten daily. 
 
 As Pennsylvania is the foremost iron and steel producing State 
 in the country, it is not surprising that Philadelphia should have 
 led in the building of great ships and the manufacture of locomo- 
 tives. Not only in these two great lines has the city made for 
 
 "Old Ironsides" 
 
 The first locomotive built by the Baldwin Locomotive Works in 1832 
 
 itself international fame, but the same is true in the building of 
 bridges, the making of saws, etc. Today, the city as a bridge- 
 builder is favorably known all over the world. As to the reference 
 to the making of saws, it is well to note that this industry was 
 commenced here more than a century ago and the city has since 
 been known as the greatest saw-making center in the world. 
 Many millions of dollars are invested in this industry in Philadel- 
 phia and the 2000 workmen so employed draw more than $1,000,000 
 annually in wages. Originally, the saws used in this country were 
 chiefly made in England, but today Philadelphia made saws sell 
 in Great Britain and her possessions and in continental Europe, and 
 they also have a practical monopoly of the trade all over the Western 
 Hemisphere. Not only does Philadelphia lead in the manufacture 
 of saws, but the same is true in the making of files and other tools. 
 
 36 
 
PHILADELPHIA 
 
 Much could be written praising the high quahty of Philadel- 
 phia-made shoes, and also of all manufactured goods in which 
 leather is used. While not the leader in the making of shoes, 
 its fame has been attained in the tanning of leather. Not 
 far from $20,000,000 are invested in immense tanning plants, giving 
 good wages and employment to thousands of the citizens. As part 
 of the leather industry, it is interesting to state that the leather 
 that enters into bookbinding is largely prepared and extensively 
 consumed in Philadelphia, which is one of the largest book pub- 
 lishing centers in the United States. 
 
 As a leader in the manufacture of textile fabrics, Philadel- 
 phia's reputation has been made known all over the world. In this 
 particular branch of trade, the city is the leader in the United 
 States. Nearly 100,000 operatives are employed by the fifteen 
 hundred firms engaged in the manufacture of textiles in the city 
 and the amount of money paid out annually in wages is in excess 
 of $40,000,000. This means that more than 100,000 people are 
 engaged in this industry alone. The total value of the textile 
 output, including wool, cotton and the lighter woven fabrics, is 
 more than $200,000,000 annually. New York, Lowell, Lawrence 
 and Providence, four other cities noted for the manufacture of 
 textile fabrics, make but a little more than one-half of the amount 
 produced by Philadelphia. 
 
 More hosiery and knit-goods are manufactured in Philadelphia 
 than in any other city in the entire world. In stockings alone, the 
 city produces annually more than 12,000,000 dozen hose and half 
 hose, enough to allow two pairs for every man, woman and child 
 in the United States. Philadelphia is naturally proud of the fact 
 that it can manufacture a better stocking at lower prices than can 
 be made in Europe, with cheaper labor. 
 
 In the manufacture of underwear, the city's reputation is also 
 world-wide, more than 2,000,000 dozen garments being produced 
 annually. In the cotton goods industry, there is manufactured here 
 more than 180,000,000 yards of piece goods, sufficient to make 
 a pair of sheets for every family in the United States. The annual 
 production is valued at between $15,000,000 and $20,000,000 and in 
 the printed goods, the patterns produced are copied extensively. 
 To produce this volume of business, there are nearly two hundred 
 establishments and in these factories are made every style of cotton 
 dress goods, calicoes, ginghams, plaids, buntings, non-elastic and 
 elastic webbing ; damasks, upholstery goods of every kind, every 
 grade of lace curtains, towels, linseys, sewing thread, counter- 
 
 37 
 
PHILADELPHIA 
 
 panes, coverlets, fancy shirtings, linings, table covers, etc. A 
 feature about this industry here is the fact that but seldom is there 
 any depression felt among the mills, as is common in the New 
 England States. 
 
 Within recent years, Philadelphia has made its name famous 
 throughout the country for its manufactures of shirts, shirtwaists 
 and lighter goods for summer wear. Many mills are devoted 
 exclusively to this industry and thousands are so employed. The 
 business of these mills varies from one hundred dozen a day to as 
 high as twelve thousand. 
 
 As to the woolen industry, the output of Philadelphia annually 
 is nearly 30,000,000 yards of woolen goods, enough to make 
 uniforms for all the armies of Europe now in actual service. The 
 city has always led in this industry in the United States, the total 
 value of its output annually being $100,000,000. The output consists 
 of worsted suitings, trouserings, carpets, blankets, woolen, worsted 
 and merino yarns for both weaving and knitting; cassimeres, woolen 
 shirtings, dress goods, flannels, chinchillas, overcoatings, worsted 
 laces, mohair and alpaca fabrics ; dress and cloak trimmings, 
 astrakan, imitations of furs, worsted and mohair plushes, carpet yarns 
 and a variety of other goods. 
 
 Nearly three-fourths of the upholstery goods made in the 
 United States are manufactured in Philadelphia. Cotton uphol- 
 steries are made here in great variety and our cotton tapestries have 
 a world-wide popularity. The largest silk plush mill in the world 
 is located here, and it is also a fact that the first silk plush was 
 made here. 
 
 In drugs and chemicals, the name of Philadelphia is world- 
 famed and the total volume of business conducted by the great 
 wholesale drug houses of the city is second to no other city in 
 the country. Some of the greatest authorities on drug manufacture 
 are Philadelphians who have spent more than half a century in 
 the business, setting up a high standard for others to emulate. 
 In this connection it is proper to state that to Philadelphia belongs 
 the credit of establishing the first pharmaceutical college in the 
 country, its purpose being to educate young men in the scientific 
 handling and compounding of drugs and medicines. 
 
 The visitor to Philadelphia who desires to inspect any of the 
 great mills and factories in any of the industries which have made 
 the city famous will experience no difficulty in gaining admission to 
 any plant. 
 
 38 
 
Fairmount Park, the largest playground o^vned 
 by any city in the ^vorld, a veritable v^onder- 
 land of scenic beauty, enchanting drives, 
 romantic walks and places of interest. 
 
 VERY ONE of the visiting delegates to the Convention, 
 and their ladies, should make at least one visit to Fair- 
 mount Park, the largest public park in the world. It 
 contains 3448 acres of ground and within its boundaries 
 are bits of natural scenery unsurpassed. The visitor 
 to the city desirous of going to the Park finds plenty of diversion 
 and scenes of unusual interest, no matter whether the trip is made 
 by automobile over the principal drives, or by the Fairmount Park 
 trolley road, winding in and out of choice woodland, or by foot, 
 on well kept paths along the main drives or charming footways 
 through playgrounds set apart for children, or through deep 
 ravines, or along the romantic Wissahickon Creek. It really makes 
 no difference where the Park is entered — at the Green Street 
 entrance, or Girard Avenue, or Diamond Street, or Belmont Avenue 
 in West Philadelphia, the Park charms the visitor. During the past 
 year nearly 5,000,000 people enjoyed the beauties of this immense 
 natural playground, and more than 500,000 automobiles, carriages 
 and bicycles used the principal drives. 
 
 Fairmount Park dates back to the year 1812, although at that 
 time there was no intention of acquiring the ground, or any part 
 of it, as a pleasure park. The necessity of securing a source of 
 water supply for the future of the city was the cause of purchasing 
 in that year five acres of land in the vicinity of Twenty-fifth and 
 Green Streets and adjacent to the Schuylkill River. A water works 
 was erected there, and a basin established on the hill adjoining. 
 This hill was known as Fair Moimt. from which the entire Park 
 later took its name. On this same hill, one hundred and ten feet 
 above the river level, where for nearly a century was the principal 
 reservoir to supply the central part of the city with water, is the 
 site for the new Philadelphia Art Gallery to be erected in the near 
 future. This Art Gallery will form the western terminus of the 
 Parkway, with the City Hall at the eastern end. 
 
 39 
 
(i) The East River Drive. 
 Zoological Gardens. (5) 
 
 Scenes in Fairmount Park 
 
 (2) Statue of Grant. (3) Memorial Hall. (4) Entrance to 
 Horticultural Hall. (6) Tunnel on East River Drive 
 
PHILADELPHIA 
 
 It must not be assumed that the acquiring of all the land now 
 comprising Fairmount Park was an easy matter. Public opinion 
 in the beginning was decidedly opposed to the idea, the claims being 
 made that the cost would be prohibitive ; that the engineering diffi- 
 culties to be overcome in order to make all parts easy of access 
 would be many, and that in the end it would not be appreciated by 
 the people. There were, however, many public spirited citizens 
 who early foresaw the wisdom of a great pleasure park, and to 
 them Philadelphia to-day owes a debt of lasting gratitude. 
 
 At first, additions to the five acres purchased for water pur- 
 poses were secured as a result of private subscriptions, and in 
 the year 1857 the Sedgley estate was acquired, followed shortly 
 afterwards by the purchase of the Lansdowne estate. These two 
 names still figure as descriptive of two of the most picturesque 
 sections. 
 
 By the year 1868, when the Fairmount Park Commission was 
 created by Act of Assembly, the sentiment of the public changed 
 to favor the Park, and from that time on it has grown until now 
 the people of Philadelphia take the greatest pride in their pleasure 
 ground. Many sections of the Park were donated to the city by 
 public spirited citizens, one of the largest of these gifts being that 
 part, west of the river, known as George's Hill. This section, cov- 
 ering some beautiful rolling ground, was the gift of Mr. Jesse 
 George and his sisters. 
 
 Fairmount Park contains 42 miles of drives and 44 miles of 
 footpaths, all magnificently cared for by the city. The principal 
 entrance to the Park and the nearest to the center of the city is at 
 Twenty-fifth and Green Streets, at the foot of the old Fairmount 
 Park basin. The first object to attract the attention of the visitor 
 is one of the most important and imposing monuments ever erected 
 in the United States to the memory of George Washington. It was 
 the gift to the City of Philadelphia by the State Society of the Cin- 
 cinnati and was dedicated May 15, 1897, being unveiled by Presi- 
 dent William McKinley in the presence of an immense gathering 
 of citizens. In 1783, the officers of the Revolutionary War organ- 
 ized the Society of the Cincinnati, its purpose being to form some 
 means to perpetuate their friendship and to raise a fund for reliev- 
 ing the widows and orphans of those who had fallen during the 
 war. The Society in after years developed into a strong social 
 organization, and in 18 10 a movement was started to raise a fund 
 of $150,000 to erect a monument to the memory of their "first 
 President, Commander and Friend, George Washington." By rea- 
 
 41 
 
Statuary in Fairmount Park and in the City 
 
 (i) Washington Monument. (2) Lincoh: Monument. (3) Stephen Girard. (4) Benjamin 
 FrankUn. (5) Wilhani McKinley. (6) John Christian Bullitt. 
 
PHILADELPHIA 
 
 son of the War of 1812, and other delays, the purpose of the fund 
 was hindered for many years, but in the meantime the amount of 
 money collected had grown, by judicious investments, into large 
 proportions. By 1895, with further donations, the sum of $250,000 
 was ready to pay for the monument, which is to-day referred to 
 as the most imposing, as well as the costliest, monument ever 
 erected to any American, with the single exception of the Wash- 
 ington Monument at the National Capital. The monument stands 
 44 feet in height, being surmounted with a bronze equestrian statue 
 of General Washington in the uniform of the Revolutionary Army, 
 holding in his hand a pair of field glasses. 
 
 Proceeding down the driveway towards the river, the visitor 
 sees the old Fairmount Water Works, now occupied by the Phila- 
 delphia Aquarium. In these buildings are now to be found speci- 
 mens of all the fish of Pennsylvania and from other sections of the 
 country. The old fore-bay adjoining the Aquarium is now a seal 
 pond, possibly the largest in the world, where seals are to be seen 
 in captivity. 
 
 Proceeding northward along the river, the path leads the 
 visitor again to the River Drive. Another magnificent work of art 
 is seen on the drive — a heroic bronze statue of Abraham Lincoln 
 erected by the Lincoln Monument Association in 1871 at a cost 
 of $36,000. It represents the Martyr-President in a sitting position, 
 holding in the right hand a pen and in the left hand a scroll of 
 the Emancipation Proclamation. 
 
 Just beyond, also on the River Drive, are a dozen quaint boat 
 houses — the homes of the various clubs comprising the Schuylkill 
 Navy. All these houses are of different types of architecture and 
 they form at once an attractive and pleasing addition to the natural 
 scenery. During the spring, summer and fall months the river is 
 dotted daily with the boats from the different clubs, and on frequent 
 occasions the regattas attract many thousands of people to the river. 
 
 Turning to the right at the Lincoln monument, the visitor 
 enters upon what is known as Lemon Hill. This is, in reality, old 
 Fairmount Park. Years ago a tall observatory marked this site, 
 from which a beautiful bird's-eye view of the entire Park was 
 obtainable. At the present time there is a great music pavilion 
 located there, where during the entire summer concerts are given 
 by choice bands. Further beyond, in the direction of Girard 
 Avenue, is an object of unusual interest — it being "Grant's Log 
 Cabin." This little structure was used by General Grant at his 
 headquarters at City Point, Va., and was brought to Fairmount 
 
 43 
 
J3 
 
PHILADELPHIA 
 
 Park after the War. All the territory between Green Street and 
 Girard Avenue can well be termed Old Fairmount Park. North 
 of Girard Avenue, as far as the mouth of the Wissahickon Creek, 
 is known as East Park, while that part west of the Schuylkill 
 River is known as West Park. Along the Wissahickon Creek, for 
 several miles, the territory is generally known as "Wissahickon 
 Glen." 
 
 Girard Avenue Bridge, connecting East and West Fairmount 
 Parks, is the widest bridge in the world and is one of the most 
 interesting to engineers. It was erected in 1875. It is 865 feet 
 long and 100 feet wide with a clearance above tnc vvater of 30 
 feet. It cost to erect $1,535,000 and it has cost less than $1000 
 per year to maintain since its construction. Just north of Girard 
 Avenue Bridge is the connecting bridge of the Pennsylvania Rail- 
 road, over which pass all trains to and from New York. 
 
 On the east river drive north of Girard Avenue Bridge is the 
 River Drive Tunnel — 140 feet long, 41 feet wide and 23 feet high — 
 through which the drive passes. This tunnel was cut out of solid 
 rock, without any lining whatever, and is very picturesque. The 
 East Park drive from Girard Avenue Bridge to the mouth of Wis- 
 sahickon Creek is about five miles in length, with a corresponding 
 driveway on the west side, though extending only to the Falls 
 Bridge. The entire East Park section abounds in grand old trees,, 
 a succession of hills and ravines, and contains within its area several 
 mansions dating from Colonial days. Half a mile north of Girard 
 Avenue is Mount Pleasant and the MacPherson Mansion. In the 
 year 1778 the Mansion was purchased by Benedict Arnold and 
 occupied by him and his wife for a few months. Later, when Arnold 
 turned traitor, the mansion became the residence of Baron Steuben, 
 who drilled the American Army under Washington. Since 1868 the 
 property has been owned by the city. Close by is another old man- 
 sion, dating from 1810, known as "Ormiston," a name derived 
 from an estate in Scotland. 
 
 Following the road the visitor approaches Diamond Street 
 entrance to the Park, passing on the way large level spaces where 
 any pleasant afternoon will be found as many as a dozen games of 
 baseball being played, while close by as many games of tennis. 
 A little further to the northward is Dauphin Street entrance, this 
 point being the eastern terminus of the Fairmount Park trolley 
 road. 
 
 Just back of the Dauphin Street entrance is Strawberry Hill 
 and Mansion, one of the choicest and most attractive parts of the: 
 
 45 
 
PHILADELPHIA 
 
 great pleasure ground. Here daily will be found during the sum- 
 mer season hundreds of picnickers enjoying an outing under the 
 old trees. Band concerts are given every afternoon and evening. 
 The old mansion was erected in 1742 by William Coleman, a friend 
 of Benjamin Franklin. From the crest of the hill, a magnificent 
 view of the Schuylkill for a mile up and down the river is to be had. 
 
 North of Strawberry Mansion is Laurel Hill Cemetery, one 
 of the most interesting cemeteries within the city limits. The Park 
 Drive skirts the cemetery on the river side, well shaded by old 
 trees, making the mile of driveway a veritable tunnel of foliage. 
 At the end of the cemetery limits is Falls of Schuylkill, and a 
 quarter of a mile further on is the entrance to Wissahickon Glen, 
 the Fairyland of Fairmount Park. 
 
 West Fairmount Park can be entered from Girard x\venue on 
 the west side of the Girard Avenue Bridge. To the left of the 
 main entrance is the Zoological Garden, the largest and most com- 
 plete in America and with but one superior in the world. Inside the 
 grounds is the old country seat of John Penn, a grandson of 
 William Penn. The old house was and still bears the name 
 "Solitude." It was erected in 1785 and John Penn, though Pro- 
 prietary Governor and half owner of the Province of Pennsylvania, 
 loved this spot better than anywhere else. In 185 1, when Gran- 
 ville John Penn, a great-grandson of the Founder, and last owner 
 of "Solitude," visited Philadelphia in 185 1, he donated the house to 
 the city. Since 1873 it has been used for the offices of the Zoolog- 
 ical Society. The Zoological Garden covers a tract of 33 acres and 
 is part of Fairmount Park, though leased perpetually to the Zoolog- 
 ical Society. The various collections in the Garden are well worthy 
 of a visit. 
 
 Entering the West Park the visitor sees, not far from the road- 
 way, a small two-and-a-half-story brick house. This was Letitia 
 House, the original home of William Penn and the first brick house 
 built in the city. It formerly stood in Letitia Street, a small thor- 
 oughfare running south from Market Street, below Second. In 
 1889 the house was carefully taken down and removed to its present 
 location. 
 
 Following the well kept driveway, or walking along the foot- 
 paths, through a most picturesque section, the visitor reaches Sweet 
 Briar Mansion, another of the old Colonial homes well preserved. 
 Adjacent is the Children's Playground, where on every clear day 
 in summer hundreds of youngsters are to be found enjoying them- 
 selves on the grassy slopes, free from danger. 
 
 47 
 
Views of the Philadelphia Filtration Plant 
 
 I — Entrance to three filters, with sand washers in foreground 
 2 — Interior of clear water basin 
 
PHILADELPHIA 
 
 Just beyond, on the level ground, is the old site of the great 
 Centennial Exhibition of 1876, with two of the principal buildings 
 still standing as silent reminders of the first great World's Fair to 
 be held in this country. The first building to greet the eye is the 
 magnificent Memorial Hall, of white marble, which cost to erect 
 $1,500,000. The building is 365 feet in length and 210 feet wide. 
 A collection of antiquities, the property of the Pennsylvania 
 Museum and School of Industrial Art, and the famous Wilstach Art 
 Collection and other notable exhibits are there shown. The original 
 purpose for which this building was intended was to establish a 
 museum of Art, Science and Industry, similar to that of the South 
 Kensington Museum in London. The City of Philadelphia appro- 
 priated $500,000 and the State of Pennsylvania $i,ooc,ooo for this 
 purpose. A number of private bequests from time to time have 
 made the several collections noted throughout the world. Imme- 
 diately in front of the Hall is the memorial to John Welsh, a dis- 
 tinguished Philadelphian who was the leading mind in the 
 Centennial Exhibition. 
 
 Less than half a mile to the north is another reminder of the 
 Centennial Exhibition in Horticultural Hall. This great conserva- 
 tory 380 by 193 feet, and 55 feet in height, is the largest building 
 of its kind in the United States. Its cost was in excess of $250,000, 
 and though erected nearly forty years ago, it is considered a modern 
 building of its kind. The collections show plants from all parts of 
 the world, many of a very rare character. In this building are 
 raised annually 450,000 plants for the decorations of various sec- 
 tions of the Park, exclusive of about 35,000 chrysanthemums, lilies 
 and other flowering plants, grown for the fall and spring public 
 exhibitions. 
 
 Just west of Horticultural Hall are the famous sunken gardens, 
 where during the summer months are magnificently arranged flower 
 beds and lily ponds. In the distance is George's Hill, from the 
 crest of which a pretty view of the Park and West Philadelphia is 
 to be had. At the foot of the hill is a notable statue, known as the 
 Catholic Total Abstinence Union Fountain and which was erected 
 in 1876. The principal figure is "Moses Striking the Rock" and 
 surrounding it are statues of Father Mathew, the Irish apostle of 
 Temperance ; Charles Carroll, one of the signers of the Declaration 
 of Independence ; John Carroll, a member of the Continental Con- 
 gress, and Commodore Barry, the first American naval ofiicer. 
 
 Belmont Avenue, corresponding to Forty-fourth street in West 
 Philadelphia, is the principal thoroughfare through West Fair- 
 
 49 
 
Philadelphia Hotels 
 
 (i) The Majestic. (2) Aldine. (3) Bingham House. (4) Bellevue-Stratford. (5) Wal- 
 ton. (6) Continental. 
 
PHILADELPHIA 
 
 mount Park and extends from Belmont Avenue north to City Line. 
 At the Belmont and Parkside Avenue entrance is the terminus of 
 the Fairmount Park trolley road. The cars run westward passing 
 around George's Hill, and after crossing Belmont Avenue about a 
 mile north pass Belmont Mansion. The old mansion at this point, 
 now used as a restaurant, was formerly Judge Peters' mansion. 
 It was erected in 1745, and during the Revolutionary period shel- 
 tered among its guests Benjamin Franklin; Rittenhouse, the 
 astronomer; Bartram, the naturalist, and many other distinguished 
 men of learning. Lafayette, on his return visit to the United States 
 in 1824, spent considerable of his time here. The most famous 
 visitor to the old house, however, was General Washington. Baron 
 Steuben, who for a time lived at Mount Pleasant on the east side 
 of the river; Robert Morris, the financier of the Revolution; John 
 Penn, the Governor of the Province, whose home was "Solitude" 
 on the site of the present Zoological Garden ; Thomas Jefiferson and 
 other public men were also frequent visitors to Judge Peters' 
 mansion. 
 
 In the front of the mansion is a broad plateau where every 
 pleasant afternoon young folks are to be found enjoying themselves 
 playing baseball and other sports. In the fall of the year the 
 Knights Templar of Pennsylvania hold their annual Field Day 
 Exercises, often attracting as many as 50,000 people to witness 
 their maneuvers. 
 
 The view from the top of the hill over the plateau is a grand 
 one. The river is to be seen for several miles, with the great city 
 of Philadelphia making a pretty background. The tower of the 
 City Hall is in plain view, although more than five miles distant. 
 
 The Park trolley from this point disappears into a beautiful 
 ravine, crossing and passing underneath bridges, until it nears the 
 river. Here the passenger can transfer to cars proceeding across 
 the Park Trolley Bridge to Strawberry Mansion and the Dauphin 
 Street entrance, or can remain in the car and continue northward, 
 skirting the river for more than a mile. The scenery is enchanting. 
 On one side is a hill, covered with the densest foliage ; the other 
 side being low land down to the river's edge. Across the river, in 
 full view, the famous East River Drive with endless processions of 
 automobiles, carriages and pedestrians all day long. \Vlien nearing 
 the Falls of Schuylkill Bridge, the car enters the beautiful 
 Chamonix Glen, passing on the way an entrancing little lake, and 
 continuing westward until Woodside Park is reached. This is one 
 of the large amusement parks in the city (not in Fairmount Park) 
 
 51 
 
Philadelphia Hospitals 
 
 (l) Methodist Episcopal. (2) St. Agnes. (3) German. (4) Hahnemann. (5) Medico- 
 
 Chirurgical. (6) Pennsylvania. 
 
PHILADELPHIA 
 
 that thousands of people visit daily to hear band concerts and 
 enjoy themselves with the large number of amusements in the place. 
 The trolley road then follows the original route back to the starting 
 point at Belmont Avenue. 
 
 Words fail to tell the beauties of the Wissahickon Glen and 
 its enchanting creek. Its name is Indian for "Catfish Creek," and 
 was probably given to the stream from the fact that it abounded 
 in catfish. Years ago it was a common thing for Philadelphians 
 to journey to the old restaurants along the creek to partake of 
 dinners of catfish and waffles. 
 
 Just east of Ridge Avenue is a small dam, giving sufficient 
 water for nearly a mile beyond for boating. On the right-hand side 
 of the creek is the driveway, and on the left a footpath leading 
 to delightful picnic grounds. On both sides are towering hills, 
 covered with trees and shrubbery. The scene in all directions is 
 truly fascinating. 
 
 For mile after mile this beautiful creek wends its way through 
 the Glen ; silent only for the happy laughter of children at play 
 and birds in the trees. Nowhere in America is there to be found 
 such a delightful pleasure spot, and if the visitor has the time, a 
 ride or walk into Wissahickon Ravine will never be regretted or 
 forgotten. Many attractive bridges of stone span the creek at 
 various places, but special reference should be made to Walnut 
 Lane Bridge, one of the city's newest improvements and noted as 
 one of the largest concrete bridges in the world. It was completed 
 July, 1908, at a cost of $267,000. Its main span is 233 feet and 
 the rise of the main arch is 70 feet 6 inches. The bridge itself is 
 147 feet above Wissahickon Creek. 
 
 Philadelphia and all Philadelphians are justl}- proud of Fair- 
 mount Park, and the stranger to the city after visiting Fairmount 
 Park will readily understand why the people are so vitally inter- 
 ested in seeing that the natural beauties of their great pleasure 
 ground are preserved. 
 
 53 
 
Chronological revie^v of many of the most 
 important incidents connected ^vith the history 
 of Philadelphia, from the time of the first 
 settlements to the T^ventieth Century. 
 
 |HE stranger to Philadelphia has so many things to in- 
 spect, so many historic places to see, so many objects 
 of interest to attract his attention that a week's visit 
 would not give him the necessary time to accomplish 
 everything desired. For the benefit of the visitor, who 
 has very little time to spend in reading, the following review of the 
 city, in chronological form, to the beginning of the twentieth cen- 
 tury, will be found a valuable time-saver in acquiring considerable 
 knowledge of the greatness of Philadelphia. 
 
 Dating the beginning of the city from the year 1683, when 
 Perm, the Founder, made his first visit with a mere handful of 
 devoted followers, the study of the city's growth in population 
 is interesting. From the most authentic figures obtainable, includ- 
 ing the Government Census reports up to and including the Census 
 of 1910, the population developed as follows : 
 
 1700 
 
 4.500 
 
 1840 
 
 258,037 
 
 1749 
 
 12,500 
 
 1850 
 
 408,762 
 
 1760 
 
 18,756 
 
 i860 
 
 565,529 
 
 1783 
 
 37,000 
 
 1870 
 
 674,022 
 
 1800 
 
 70,287 
 
 1880 
 
 847,170 
 
 I8IO 
 
 110,210 
 
 1890 
 
 1 ,046,964 
 
 1820 
 
 137,097 
 
 1900 
 
 1,293,697 
 
 1830 
 
 188,797 
 
 I9I0 
 
 1,549,008 
 
 In this chapter of facts associated with the development of 
 Philadelphia, the first few paragraphs refer to events prior to the 
 arrival of Penn, and they must be considered as rightfully belong- 
 ing to the history of the city. 
 
 1609 Hendrick Hudson in the Half Moon visited the mouth of 
 
 the Delaware. 
 
 1610 Lord Delaware visited the Delaware River. 
 
 54 
 
PHILADELPHIA 
 
 1623 Captain Kornelius Jacobus Mey landed on the southern part 
 
 of what is now New Jersey, and the place has since been 
 known as Cape May. 
 
 1624 Captain Mey sailed up the river as far as the mouth of 
 
 Timber Creek (Gloucester, N. J.), which he called 
 Nassau. A fort was built by the colonists who came 
 with him, but they were later killed by the Indians. 
 
 1630 July I. Date of patent, now preserved at Amsterdam, under 
 
 which Samuel Godwin and Samuel Bloomaert secured 
 title to ''the Bay of the South River," otherwise the 
 Delaware Bay. 
 
 1 63 1 Arrival of the Dutch ship IValvis at the capes, bringing 
 
 colonists who settled near Lewes, Delaware. 
 
 1633 A party of Dutch built a fort and trading post upon the 
 Schuylkill River near what is now Bartram Park, and 
 purchased lands from the Indians. 
 
 1638 Arrival of the ships Key of Colmar and Griffin, bringing 
 an expedition of Swedes, who founded a settlement upon 
 Christiana Creek, near what is today the city of Wil- 
 mington. 
 
 1643 Lieutenant John Printz, a Swedish governor, and party of 
 Swedes settled within the present boundary of the city, 
 erected a fort and established the first organized govern- 
 ment in this locality. 
 
 1646 Erection of the original Swedes Church at Tenecong (now 
 Tinicum). 
 
 1655 Dutch conquer the Swedes. 
 
 1674 English in turn conquer the Dutch. 
 
 1677 "Gloria Dei," the second Swedish Church, erected at what 
 is now Christian and Swanson Streets. 
 
 1680 Grant of the Province of Pennsylvania to Penn by Charles II. 
 
 1681 Lieutenant-Governor William Markham arrived, with a party 
 
 of colonists. 
 
 1682 April 25. Penn signed Frame of Government, practically 
 
 the first charter for the colonists. 
 
 May 5. Declaration of laws and regulations given by 
 Penn. 
 
 June. Thomas Holme, Penn's surveyor, examined sites be- 
 low Chester and ten miles north of the present site of 
 Philadelphia. 
 
 October 24. William Penn arrived at New Castle on the 
 Welcome, then proceeded to Upland, which he renamed 
 Chester. 25 
 
PHILADELPHIA 
 
 1683 March 10. First meeting of the governor and council lield 
 
 in Philadelphia. 
 August 16. Penn in a letter wrote — "Philadelphia is at 
 
 least laid out." 
 Penn's house on Letitia Street built. First offices of the 
 
 State. 
 
 1684 Brick Quaker meeting house built on Centre Square. 
 
 1685 William Bradford established first printing press in Phila- 
 
 delphia. The first work printed in the city was an 
 almanac edited by Samuel Atkins, called "Kalendarium 
 Pennsylvaniese," or "America's Messenger." 
 
 1687 First jail built, middle of Market Street, near Second. 
 
 1689 "William Penn Charter School," on Fourth Street below 
 Chestnut, established. 
 
 1 69 1 Philadelphia incorporated as a city by William Penn, ten 
 years before the first recorded Mayor, Edward Shippen, 
 was appointed. 
 
 1693 October 20. Penn deprived of government by William and 
 Mary. 
 
 1695 Restoration of government to Penn. 
 
 Christ Church (Episcopal) built. (Enlarged 1711 and 1727.) 
 
 1698 Slate Roof House erected. The largest house in Philadel- 
 phia. Occupied by William Penn January, 1700. 
 
 1700 July 2. Gloria Dei (Old Swedes) at Swanson and Christian 
 
 Streets dedicated. 
 July 13. First watchman, the forerunner of the city's police 
 department, appointed "to go around ye town with a 
 small bell in ye night time." 
 
 1701 October 25. Charter as a borough city granted Philadelphia 
 
 by William Penn. Edward Shippen appointed Mayor. 
 
 1703 October 5. Anthony Morris elected Mayor by the Common 
 
 Council. 
 
 1704 First Presbyterian Church, called "Buttonwood Church," 
 
 built on south side of Market Street between Second 
 
 and Third. 
 1707 Philadelphia Baptist Association organized and church built 
 
 at Pennepek, or Lower Dublin, in the extreme northern 
 
 section of the city. 
 1710 Great Towne House, used as a town hall and seat of the 
 
 municipal government and Legislature until 1735, erected 
 
 on High (Market) Street, between Second and Third. 
 171 2 Penn stricken with apoplexy. 
 
 ^6 
 
PHILADELPHIA 
 
 1713 First almshouse established by the Friends, Walnut Street 
 
 between Third and Fourth. 
 1 71 5 Ferry to Gloucester established. 
 
 1718 July 30. Death of William Penn. 
 
 December 8. First fire engine purchased for the city. 
 
 1 719 April. Ordinance passed by the Council for the paving of 
 
 the streets with stone, and the footways with brick. 
 
 December 22. American Weekly Mercury, first newspaper 
 
 in Philadelphia, established by Andrew Bradford. 
 
 1723 October. Benjamin Franklin, 17 years old, arrived in Phila- 
 
 delphia. 
 
 1724 Carpenters' Guild established. 
 
 1727 Franklin organized club for municipal improvement. (The 
 basis of the American Philosophical Society.) 
 
 1729 September 28. Franklin publishes the Pennsylvania Gazette. 
 State House (Independence Hall) commenced. 
 
 1 73 1 January. Three fire engines and 200 leather buckets arrive 
 
 from England. 
 July I. Philadelphia Library founded by Franklin. 
 
 1732 Catholic Church of St. Joseph, on Walnut Street, erected. 
 
 First stage route from Philadelphia to New York estab- 
 lished. 
 December. Franklin's first "Poor Richard" Almanac for 
 • '^7?)?> published. 
 
 1735 October. State House finished and dedicated and occupied 
 
 by the Legislature. 
 
 1736 December 7. Union Fire Company established — first volun- 
 
 teer organization of the kind in the country. 
 
 1740 University of Pennsylvania founded — then named "The 
 
 Charity School." 
 May 14. American Philosophical Society established by 
 Franklin. 
 
 1741 Buildings for "The Charity School" erected on Fourth .Street 
 
 south of Arch Street. 
 
 1742 Franklin Stove invented by Benjamin Franklin. 
 
 1745 Market house, on Second Street south of Pine, established. 
 1747 November 21. Citizens associate for military defence. 
 1749 Academy planned by Franklin in 1743, combined with "The 
 Charity School." 
 First theatrical company visits Philadelphia. 
 
 57 
 
PHILADELPHIA 
 
 175 1 Bell for State House, which later became known as the 
 
 "Liberty Bell," ordered in London. 
 September. Streets of city first lighted with lamps. 
 
 1752 State House Bell arrived. 
 
 1753 Charter granted by Thomas and Richard Penn, incorporating 
 
 '"The Academy and Charity School." 
 State House Bell first rung from the State House steeple. 
 
 1754 Chime of eight bells hung in Christ Church. 
 
 1755 Confirmatory Charter granted, incorporating the "College, 
 
 Academy and Charity School," which later became the 
 University of Pennsylvania. 
 
 1756 December. Pennsylvania General Hospital opened. 
 
 1757 May 17. First commencement at the College on Fourth 
 
 Street below Arch, with seven graduates. 
 1760 Germantown Academy founded. 
 1762 November. Act passed for "Regulating, pitching, paving and 
 
 cleansing the streets, lanes and alleys, etc.," within the 
 
 central part of Philadelphia. 
 
 1764 First fish market established. 
 
 1765 University of Pennsylvania Medical School founded by Dr. 
 
 William Shippen, Jr. 
 
 March 22. Stamp Act passed ; resented by people. 
 
 November 6. Non-importation agreement adopted by mer- 
 chants and importers in Philadelphia. 
 
 1766 November 12. Old Southwark Theatre, South and Apollo 
 
 Streets, first permanent theatre in America, opened. 
 (Burned May 9, 1821.) 
 
 1767 December 2. "Farmer's Letters," published in Pennsylvania 
 
 Chronicle by John Dickenson. Rights of colonists 
 asserted. 
 
 1769 June 3. Transit of Venus successfully observed by the 
 
 American Philosophical Society at temporary observatory 
 in the State House Square. 
 
 1770 Carpenters' Hall built. 
 
 The home of Dr. William Shippen, Jr., founder of the Uni- 
 versity Medical School damaged by rioters, the outcome 
 of an excitement caused by supposed removal of dead 
 bodies from the city burying grounds for dissection in 
 the school. 
 1773 December 26. Ship Polly, laden with tea, arrived in port; 
 sent home with cargo intact. 
 58 
 
PHILADELPHIA 
 
 1774 July 15. Provincial Assembly of Colonies called to consider 
 
 ways and means of preserving liberty. 
 September 4. First Continental Congress met in Carpenters' 
 
 Hall. 
 November ly. Philadelphia Troop of Light Horse organized. 
 
 This organization, which has been in existence ever since, 
 
 is now known as the "First Troop, Philadelphia City 
 
 Cavalry." 
 
 1775 Beginning of the Revolution. Washington selected as Com- 
 
 mander-in-chief of the Continental Army in the State 
 
 House. 
 A Piano, probably the first built in this country, made by 
 
 John Behrent, Third Street below Brown. 
 May 10. Second Continental Congress met in the State 
 
 House. 
 
 1776 June II. Articles of Confederation prepared by committee 
 
 of Second Continental Congress. 
 
 July 4. Adoption and signing of the Declaration of Inde- 
 pendence. 
 
 July 8. Proclaiming the Declaration, State House Square, 
 accompanied by the ringing of the "Liberty Bell." 
 Declaration read to the people by John Nixon. 
 
 End of Colonial system. 
 
 1777 September 27. British under General Howe occupy Phila- 
 
 delphia. 
 September. Continental Congress moved to York, Pa. 
 October 15. Battle of Germantown. 
 
 1778 May 18. Meschianza, on occasion of General Howe's fare- 
 
 well, held at the Wharton mansion and grounds at Wal- 
 nut Grove (junction of Fifth and Wharton Streets). 
 June 18. British evacuate Philadelphia. 
 
 1779 Incorporation of the University of the State of Pennsylvania. 
 
 1780 Bank of North America originated by Robert Morris. In- 
 
 corporated December 18, 1781. 
 
 1782 First English Bible printed in the United States published by 
 
 R. Aitken, on Market Street. 
 
 1783 End of the Revolution. 
 
 Continental Congress moved to Princeton, N. J. 
 
 1784 December 21. American Daily Advertiser, afterwards the 
 
 Aurora, first daily newspaper issued in America, printed 
 in Philadelphia; Benjamin Franklin Bache, editor. 
 
 1785 First city directory issued. 
 
 59 
 
PHILADELPHIA 
 
 1/86 July 26. Steamboat built by John Fitch, the first to be pro- 
 pelled by steam in America, Operated on the Delaware 
 from Philadelphia. 
 
 1787 Constitutional Convention of the States held in Independ- 
 
 ence Hall. 
 
 1788 February 22. Washington's Birthday first celebrated offi- 
 
 cially by public salute of artillery. 
 July 4. Celebration of the new Union by a Federal pro- 
 cession. 
 
 1789 First Congress of the United States under the new Consti- 
 
 tution holds its initial session. 
 March 11. New Charter granted to the city, April 13. 
 
 Samuel Powell selected as the first Mayor by Council 
 
 under the new charter, 
 December. Steamboat, 60 feet in length, operated on the 
 
 Delaware to Burlington, N. J. 
 
 1790 April 17. Death of Benjamin Franklin, aged 84 years. 
 December 6. United States Government removed from New 
 
 York to Philadelphia, 
 Law School of the University of Pennsylvania established. 
 
 1 791 Union of the University of the State of Pennsylvania and 
 
 the College, under the title of the "University of Penn- 
 sylvania." "Trustees of the University of Pennsylvania" 
 incorporated. 
 
 Bank of North America begins keeping accounts in dollars 
 and cents. 
 
 December. Bank of the United States, chartered February 
 25, 1791, commenced business in Carpenters' Hall, with 
 branch banks established at Boston, New York, Balti- 
 more, Washington, Norfolk and Savannah. 
 
 1792 October. United States Mint established east side of Seventh 
 
 Street, above Filbert. The only mint in the United 
 States up to 1835. 
 
 1793 January 9. First successful balloon ascension in city made 
 
 by Blanchard, the French aeronaut. Landed near 
 Cooper's Ferry, N. J, Ascension witnessed by Wash- 
 ington, 
 
 March 30. Bank of Pennsylvania Chartered. 
 
 Epidemic of yellow fever in Philadelphia. Four thousand 
 deaths in four months. 
 60 
 
PHILADELPHIA 
 
 1794 First turnpike road in the United States opened from Phila- 
 delphia to Lancaster, 62 miles. 
 
 1796 April 4. Select Council, consisting of twelve citizens, to 
 
 serve three years, created by Act of the Legislature. 
 June 26. David Rittenhouse, the astronomer, dies at his 
 
 home. Seventh and Arch Streets. 
 August. First gas light in America exhibited on Arch Street 
 
 above Eighth. 
 
 1797 August to November. Yellow fever epidemic. 1292 deaths. 
 
 1798 April 4. An Act passed allowing chains to be placed across 
 
 the streets in front of churches to prevent passage of 
 wagons during service. 
 Yellow fever epidemic. 3645 deaths. 
 
 1799 April 3. Governor signs bill removing the seat of the State 
 
 Government to Lancaster. In efifect November, 1799. 
 
 1800 July. United States Government removed from Philadelphia 
 
 to Washington. 
 
 1801 January i. City first supplied with water from the Schuyl- 
 
 kill river through wooden street mains. Centre Square 
 Water Works, first in America, in operation. 
 
 Philadelphia Society for the free instruction of indigent boys 
 opens a night school. 
 
 First Navy Yard established. 
 
 1802 University of Pennsylvania removed to the site now occu- 
 
 pied by the Philadelphia Post Office (Ninth and Chest- 
 nut Streets). 
 
 1803 December 15. Philadelphia Hose Company organized. 
 
 1804 Coach route established from Philadelphia to Pittsburgh. 
 March 5. Bank of Philadelphia incorporated. 
 
 1805 Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts founded, the pioneer 
 
 in America. Incorporated March 7, 1806, and first 
 building erected on Chestnut Street between Eleventh 
 and Twelfth Streets. 
 
 1807 January 17. Farmers' and Mechanics' National Bank 
 
 organized. 
 
 1808 Steamboat Phoenix arrives at Philadelphia, the first steam- 
 
 boat to navigate the ocean. 
 
 1809 First Sunday School, under the control of the churches and 
 
 confined to religious instruction, organized. 
 September. First experimental railroad track in the United 
 States laid in the yard of Bull's Head Tavern. 
 61 
 
PHILADELPHIA 
 
 1810 First steam ferry between Philadelphia and Camden. 
 
 Elm on site of Penn's treaty with the Indians blown down. 
 This was known as Penn's Treaty tree, and is prominent 
 in the West painting. 
 
 1812 March 10. The Pennsylvania Company for Insurances on 
 
 Lives and Granting Annuities chartered. 
 March 21. Academy of Natural Sciences founded. 
 War of 1812 begun. Financed by Stephen Girard. 
 
 1813 January. Spring Garden Street Bridge opened. (Burned 
 
 September i, 1838, and replaced by a wire suspension 
 bridge. This was replaced in 1875 by the present struc- 
 ture, the costliest bridge in Philadelphia.) 
 May. Battalion State Fencibles organized. (This military 
 organization celebrated its one hundredth anniversary, 
 May 1913.) 
 
 1814 President Monroe visited Philadelphia. 
 
 181 5 February 17. Illumination in honor of Peace Treaty. 
 September 5. Fairmount Water Works Pumping Station 
 
 completed. (Dam completed 1822.) 
 
 1816 City purchased State House (Independence Hall) and Liberty 
 
 Bell from the State for $70,000. 
 April 10. Second United States Bank established. 
 
 1819 July 12. First United States Custom House erected on 
 
 Second Street, below Dock. 
 
 1820 Musical Fund Society established. 
 
 182 1 Apprentices' Library incorporated. 
 Philadelphia Law Library established. 
 Saturday Evening Post established. 
 
 Pennsylvania Institution for the Deaf and Dumb opened. 
 
 Mercantile Library Association organized. 
 
 First Odd Fellows' Lodge in Pennsylvania organized in Phila- 
 delphia. 
 
 Philadelphia College of Pharmacy, the first of its kind in the 
 United States, founded. 
 
 1824 February 5. Franklin Institute organized. 
 
 September 28. General Lafayette tendered a reception by the 
 
 city. 
 December 2. Historical Society of Pennsylvania organized. 
 December 24. Musical Fund Hall, Locust Street west of 
 
 Eighth, opened. 
 American Sunday School Union founded in Philadelphia. 
 
 1825 Schuvlkill Canal to Port Carbon opened. 
 
 62 
 
PHILADELPHIA 
 
 1826 April 7. Jefferson Medical College incorporated. 
 
 1827 Penn Treaty Monument erected at foot of Beach Street, 
 
 Kensington. (Now known as Penn Treaty Park.) 
 December 21. Pennsylvania Horticultural Society founded. 
 
 1828 Arch Street Theatre, west of Sixth Street, opened. 
 
 1829 May 19. Name of Centre Square changed to Penn Square. 
 June 29. Philadelphia Inquirer first issued as the Pennsyl- 
 vania Inquirer. 
 
 Corner-stone of the United States Mint laid at Juniper and 
 Chestnut Streets. 
 
 1830 William Cramp established the great shipyard at Kensington, 
 
 since known as Cramp's Shipyard. 
 First one-cent daily newspaper published in the United States 
 
 by Christopher C. Conwell. It was known as the Cent. 
 December 26. Stephen Girard died in his house on Water 
 
 Street above Market. 
 
 1832 Girard's gifts to the city announced. 
 
 February 22. Corner-stone of the Philadelphia Merchants' 
 
 Exchange laid. 
 April 2. Corner-stone of Moyamensing Prison laid. 
 April. Girard National Bank incorporated. 
 July 5 to October 4. Cholera epidemic in city. 935 deaths. 
 November 23. Railroad to Germantown opened and steam 
 
 locomotive engine first used. 
 
 1833 First triennial parade of the Fire Department. 
 Philadelphia Club organized. Club House northwest corner 
 
 Thirteenth and Walnut Streets. The most exclusive 
 
 club in Philadelphia. 
 First omnibus line, Navy Yard to Kensington. 
 Pennsylvania Institution for the Instruction of the Blind 
 
 opened. 
 July 4. Corner-stone of Girard College laid. 
 October 15. Board of Trade organized. 
 
 1834 Railroad, Canal and Portage lines operated through to Pitts- 
 
 burgh. 
 
 1836 February 8. Streets first lighted with gas. 
 March 25. Public Ledger established. 
 June 13. Central High School chartered. 
 
 1837 February 9. Laurel Hill Cemetary Company incorporated. 
 September 19. Corner-stone of Central High School laid, 
 
 east of Penn Square, on present site of the John Wana- 
 maker store. Opened October 21, 1838. 
 63 
 
PHILADELPHIA 
 
 1841 City Purchases the gas works. 
 
 October 12. John Morin Scott, the first Mayor, elected by 
 the people. 
 1844 Lemon Hill, Fairmoiint Park, bought for public use. 
 
 1846 Mexican War started. Financed by E. W. Clark & Co., 
 
 Philadelphia. 
 
 January 20. Telegraphic communication between Philadel- 
 phia and Fort Lee, opposite New York, completed. 
 
 December 26. Telegraphic communication between Philadel- 
 phia and Pittsburgh established. 
 
 1847 April 12. Philadelphia Evening Bulletin established. 
 April 19. Illumination for victories in Mexico. 
 
 July I. North American and United States Gazette consoli- 
 dated. 
 Philadelphia Evening Jteui established. 
 
 1848 January i. Girard College opened. 
 
 1849 May 21. St. Mark's Church, Locust Street near Sixteenth, 
 
 consecrated. 
 Degrees first conferred by Central High School, under pro- 
 visions of Act of the Legislature. 
 
 1850 March 11. Woman's Medical College of Pennsylvania, oldest 
 
 regular college for female physicians, incorporated. 
 July 9. Great fire in maritime section, four hundred build- 
 ings burned. 
 
 185 1 September 30. Girard College dedicated. 
 
 December 24. Official city reception to Louis Kossuth. 
 
 1852 Manufacture of galvanized iron begun in Philadelphia. 
 
 1853 May 31. Corner-stone of second Central High School build- 
 
 ing laid, southeast corner Broad and Green Streets. 
 
 1854 February 2. ConsoHdation Act, extending the city so as to 
 
 include the whole of Philadelphia County, passed. 
 June 30. Consolidation Act went into efifect. 
 June. Young Men's Christian Association instituted. 
 
 1855 January 3. First horse car line established in Philadelphia. 
 
 From Willow Street along Front Street to Cohocksink 
 Depot, a distance of about one and one-half miles. 
 
 AJay 21. Wagner Free Institute of Science opened by Gov- 
 ernor Pollock. 
 
 September 27. Masonic Hall, on Chestnut Street above Sev- 
 enth, dedicated. 
 
 64 
 
PHILADELPHIA 
 
 1856 April 19. Police and Fire Alarm Telegraph established. 
 May 13. Office of Chief of Police created. 
 
 Streets first swept by revolving machine brooms. 
 
 October I. Corner-stone of the Pennsylvania Hospital for 
 
 the Insane laid. 
 October 7. United States Agricultural Exhibit opened. 
 
 1857 February 25. American Academy of Music, Broad and 
 
 Locust Streets, first opened with operatic performance 
 
 "II Trovatore." 
 August I. Philadelphia Press established. 
 December 13. Cathedral of SS. Peter and Paul dedicated. 
 
 1858 January 20. Fifth and Sixth Streets Passenger Railway 
 
 opened to the public. 
 January 20. First Steam Fire Engine purchased by the 
 
 city arrives. 
 Church of the Holy Trinity, Nineteenth and Walnut Streets, 
 
 built. 
 September i. City celebrates laying of first Atlantic Cable. 
 
 1859 Zoological Society founded; first in America. 
 i860 Bethany Presbyterian Church opened. 
 
 June 9. First Japanese Embassy to any country arrived at 
 Philadelphia. 
 
 October 9. Prince of Wales (King Edward) visited Phila- 
 delphia. 
 1861 January /if. National fast-day on account of fears of secession. 
 
 February 2.2. President Lincoln raised "Star Spangled Ban- 
 ner" over Independence Hall. 
 
 April 13. Patriotic fervor stirred by news from Fort Sumter. 
 
 Beginning of Civil War ; financed by Jay Cooke & Company. 
 
 April 18. Sixth Massachusetts Regiment passed through 
 Philadelphia on way to Washington. Attacked by mob 
 in Baltimore. 
 
 May 8. First artillery regiment, Pennsylvania volunteers, 
 Col. Francis E. Patterson, leaves city for the South. 
 
 May II. Col. Robert Anderson, hero of Fort Sumter, 
 received in Independence Hall. 
 
 May 14. First Regiment, National Guard of Pennsylvania, 
 leaves for the War. 
 
 May 18. Cooper-shop Volunteer Refreshment Saloon, which 
 fed more than 600,000 soldiers passing through the city 
 65 
 
PHILADELPHIA 
 
 during the Civil War, opened on Otsego Street, near 
 Washington Avenue. 
 December 14. Christ Church Hospital opened. 
 
 1862 April 20. Cathedral opened for vespers and papal hene- 
 
 diction. 
 Noz'ember 15. Union League organized. During the Civil 
 War this organization raised fourteen regiments for 
 active service. 
 
 1863 January 26. Chestnut Street Theatre opened. 
 
 Jiow 16. Mayor Henry issued proclamation calling citizens 
 
 to the defense of the city. 
 July II. First National Bank opened. 
 
 1864 January 4. Philadelphia Evening Telegraph established. 
 June 7. Great Sanitary Fair held in Logan Square for the 
 
 benefit of LTnion soldiers. Visited by President Lincoln 
 
 and wife June 16. 
 October 4. Philadelphia and Erie Railroad opened. 
 November 20. Cathedral of SS. Peter and Paul consecrated. 
 
 1865 Fairmount Park dedicated. 
 
 April 3. City illuminated in honor of fall of Richmond. 
 
 April 15. Date of assassination of President Lincoln in 
 Washington ; suspension of business and universal 
 mourning in the City. 
 
 April 22. Lincoln's body rested in state in Independence 
 Hall. 
 
 May 14. New house of the Union League, Broad and San- 
 son! Streets, opened. 
 
 July 4. Magnificent illumination and pyrotechnic display at 
 Penn Square (site of the City Hall) in honor of the 
 close of the Civil War. 
 
 1866 June 20. Public Ledger building. Sixth and Chestnut 
 
 Streets, opened. 
 
 June 23. Chestnut Street Bridge opened. 
 
 July 4. Reception to Battle Flags of Pennsylvania Regi- 
 ments, returned to the State, held in Independence 
 Square. 
 
 1868 Reception to General McClellan. 
 
 1869 May 29. Monument to Washington and Lafayette, Monu- 
 
 ment Cemetery, dedicated. 
 July 5. Washington Monument in front of Independence 
 Hall, the gift of the public school children, dedicated. 
 66 
 
PHILADELPHIA 
 
 1870 May 14. Philadelphia Record first issued. 
 Ridgeway Library, South Broad Street, built. 
 
 1871 March 15. Paid Fire Department goes into operation. 
 August 10. Construction of City Hall begun at Broad and 
 
 Market Streets. 
 September 22. Lincoln Monument on Fairmount Park 
 Drive dedicated. 
 
 1872 State Constitutional Convention held in Philadelphia. 
 December 7. Corner-stone of new building of Pennsylvania 
 
 Academy of the Fine Arts, Broad and Cherry Streets, 
 laid. 
 
 1873 September 18. Banking houses of Jay Cooke & Co. and 
 
 E. W. Clarke & Co. closed their doors. 
 September 25. Masonic Temple, Broad and .Filbert Streets, 
 dedicated. 
 
 1874 Zoological Garden, first and largest in America, opened. 
 February 14. City Seal and Motto, "Philadelphia Maneto," 
 
 adopted by City Councils. 
 
 July 4. Girard Avenue bridge opened. 
 
 July 4. Corner-stone of City Hall laid with Masonic cere- 
 mony. 
 
 1875 October 30. Corner-stone of the Acadeni}' of Natural 
 
 Sciences laid. Opened May 2, 1876. 
 November 21. Moody and Sankey, evangelists, held their 
 first religious services in the old freight depot. Thir- 
 teenth and Market Streets (present site of Wana- 
 maker's). 
 
 1876 May 10. Centennial Exhibition in Fairmount Park opened. 
 September 28. Pennsylvania Day at Centennial; 2y^,ooo 
 
 people in attendance. 
 October 30. Girls' Normal School, Seventeenth and Spring 
 
 Garden Streets, dedicated. 
 November 10. Last day of Centennial Exhibition. 
 
 1877 May 15. Ex-President U. S. Grant sailed from Philadelphia 
 
 for his trip around the world. 
 September ly. Jefferson Medical College opened. 
 
 1878 First telephone exchange established. 
 
 Dental School added to the University of Pennsylvania. 
 
 1879 December. First electric lighting used in city in the store 
 
 and warerooms of John Wanamaker, Thirteenth and 
 Market Streets. 
 
 67 
 
PHILADELPHIA 
 
 1880 Ground broken for Broad Street Station. 
 
 1 881 December 3. Chestnut Street lighted by forty-seven electric 
 
 lights. First electric street lights in the city. 
 
 1882 October 6. Bi-Centennial of the founding of Germantown. 
 October 22-27. Bi-Centennial Celebration of the landing of 
 
 William Penn. 
 William Penn's cottage (Letitia House) removed from 
 original site near Second and Market Streets, to West 
 Fairmount Park. 
 
 1883 Ladies' Home Journal established. 
 
 1884 March. New Post Office building, Ninth Street, between 
 
 Market and Chestnut Streets, opened. 
 
 1885 June I. New Charter of Philadelphia (The Bullitt Bill) 
 
 approved. 
 
 1887 September 15-17. Constitutional Centennial Celebration. 
 
 1888 March 12. Great blizzard paralyzed business in Philadel- 
 
 phia. 
 i8go May 14. Philadelphia Bourse, only one in America, and 
 largest in the world, established. 
 
 1892 Foundation of the Wistar Institute of Anatomy, connected 
 
 with the University of Pennsylvania. 
 
 1893 Formal opening of the Reading Railway Terminal, Twelfth 
 
 and Market Streets. 
 1895 March 27. Offices of the City Government removed to the 
 City Hall. 
 
 1897 May 27. Washington Monument, at Green Street entrance 
 
 to Fairmount Park, unveiled by President McKinley. 
 
 1898 October 25-27. Peace Jubilee Celebration, commemorating 
 
 the close of the Spanish-American War. 
 
 1899 National Export Exposition, first in the commercial history 
 
 of the United States, held in Philadelphia. 
 
 April zy. President McKinley dedicated Grant Monument, 
 Fairmount Park. 
 
 December 31. Magnificent illumination of new City Hall 
 and starting of the great clock at midnight in the pres- 
 ence of a multitude of citizens. 
 
 68 
 
Points of interest in Philadelphia, all of which 
 are easily reached from the central part of the 
 city, and ^vhich all visitors should see before 
 they leave. 
 
 TRANGERS to Philadelphia will find it a comparatively 
 easy matter to locate any given address. Market Street 
 is the east and west dividing line. All house numbers 
 north of Market Street on cross streets, read NORTH ; 
 those south of Market Street read SOUTH. Thus, 
 1300 North Broad Street is thirteen squares north of Market 
 Street ; 700 South Fifteenth Street is seven squares south of Market 
 Street. 
 
 Main streets running north and south are numbered Front, 
 Second, Third, etc. Broad Street corresponds to what would be 
 Fourteenth Street. Thus, 1500 Market Street is Fifteenth and 
 Market Streets ; 3600 Market Street is Thirty-sixth and Market 
 Streets. 
 
 Fvery policeman in the city is specially instructed to direct 
 strangers to any required destination. 
 
 ACADEMY OF THE FINE ARTS— Broad and Cherry Streets. 
 ACADEMY OF MUSIC— Broad and Locust Streets. The late 
 
 King Edward, on his visit to the United States in the early 
 
 sixties, attended a performance in the Academy, and the 
 
 box he used has since been known as the "Prince of Wales 
 
 Box." 
 AMERICAN PHILOSOPHICAL SOCIETY — Independence 
 
 Square, Fifth Street below Chestnut. Benjamin Franklin 
 
 first president. 
 BANK OF NORTH AMERICA— Oldest institution of its kind in 
 
 America. Founded 1781 by Robert r^Iorris. 
 BALDWIN LOCOMOTIVE WORKS— North Broad Street from 
 
 Pennsylvania Avenue to Spring Garden Street, and west to 
 
 Sixteenth Street. Employs 19,000 men. 
 
 69 
 
PHILADELPHIA 
 
 BARTRAM'S GARDENS— Located between Fifty-third and 
 Fifty-fourth Streets, Eastwick Avenue and the Schuylkill 
 River. Once the home of John Bartram, the celebrated 
 botanist. The park contains a huge cypress tree, said to be 
 the largest specimen known. Take Darby cars. 
 
 BETSY ROSS HOUSE— Arch Street, north side east of Third, 
 where first American flag was made for George Washington, 
 May, 1776. 
 
 BOYS' CENTRAL HIGH SCHOOL— Broad and Green Streets. 
 
 CATHOLIC HIGH SCHOOL— Broad and Vine Streets. 
 
 CURTIS BUILDING— Sixth to Seventh, Walnut to Sansom 
 Streets. Home of the Ladies' Home Journal and Saturday 
 Evening Post. 
 
 BOURSE — Midway between Market and Chestnut Streets, from 
 Fourth to Fifth Streets. Located in it are the Trades' 
 League, Commercial Exchange, Maritime Exchange, Board 
 of Trade, Grocers' and Importers' Exchange, Drug Exchange, 
 Hardware, Merchants' and Manufacturers" Association, Coal 
 Exchange, Oil Trade Association, Paint Club and National 
 Association of Ad^anufacturers. 
 
 BUILDERS' EXCHANGE— On Seventh Street, west side, mid- 
 way between Chestnut and Market Streets. Headquarters 
 of the Philadelphia Master Plumbers' Association. Also 
 located here are the Lumbermen's Exchange, Stonecutters' 
 Association, The Bricklayers' Company, The Master Car- 
 penters, The Builders' Company, Master Plasterers' Associa- 
 tion, Planing Mill Association, Master Painters' Association, 
 Metal Roofers' Association. In addition, a Mechanical 
 Trades' School is maintained here. Exhibition rooms open 
 daily, 8 a. m. to 5 p. m. 
 
 CONGRESS HALL— Southeast corner Sixth and Chestnut 
 Streets, where George Washington was inaugurated Presi- 
 dent of the United States for his second term in 1793, and 
 John Adams as President in 1797. 
 
 CARPENTERS' HALL— Head of small court running south from 
 Chestnut Street, between Third and Fourth Streets. 
 Erected 1724, where the first Continental Congress met. 
 
 CATHEDRAL OF SS. PETER AND PAUL— Eighteenth Street, 
 between Race and Vine Streets. First opened for services, 
 Easter, 1863. 
 
 70 
 
PHILADELPHIA 
 
 CHRIST CHURCH— Second Street, above Market. Erected 1695. 
 
 Among the worshipers here were Washington, John Adams, 
 
 Benjamin FrankHn and John Penn. 
 COMMERCIAL MUSEUMS— Thirty-second and South Streets. 
 
 Open daily. 
 CRAMPS' SHIPYARD— Beach and Ball Streets. 
 DREXEL INSTITUTE— Thirty-second and Chestnut Streets. 
 
 Founded by the late Anthony J. Drexel. Opened December, 
 
 1891. 
 FRANKLIN'S GRAVE— Southeast corner Fifth and Arch Streets 
 
 in Christ Church cemetery. 
 FRANKLIN INSTITUTE— 15 South Seventh Street. Organized 
 
 1824. 
 FREE QUAKER MEETING HOUSE— Erected 1783. South- 
 east corner Fourth and Arch Streets. 
 
 GIRARD COLLEGE — Girard Avenue, from Ridge Avenue to 
 West College Avenue. Founded by Stephen Girard, mer- 
 chant and mariner. Opened January i. 1848. Passes can 
 be obtained from office of Girard Trust, Twelfth Street, 
 above Chestnut. 
 
 GIRLS' HIGH SCHOOL— Seventeenth and Spring Garden 
 Streets. 
 
 GIRLS' NORMAL SCHOOL— Thirteenth and Spring Garden 
 Streets. 
 
 GLORIA DEI (OLD SWEDES) CHURCH— Front and Chris- 
 tian Streets. Erected 1698. 
 
 HORTICULTURAL HALL— West Fairmount Park. Originally 
 built for the Centennial Exhibition, 1876. Contains many 
 rare tropical plants. 
 
 INDEPENDENCE HALL — Independence Square, Fifth and 
 Sixth Streets, Chestnut and Walnut Streets. In the Hall are 
 to be seen the Liberty Bell and many relics of the Revolu- 
 tionary period. 
 
 MANUFACTURERS' CLUB— Broad and Walnut Streets. 
 
 MASONIC TEMPLE— Broad and Filbert Streets. Open daily 
 from 10 a. m. to 2 p. m. 
 
 MERCANTILE CLUB— Broad Street, above Jefferson. 
 
 MERCANTILE LIBRARY— 18 South Tenth Street. Incorpo- 
 rated 1822. Contains about 200,000 volumes. 
 
 71 
 
PHILADELPHI A 
 
 MEMORIAL HALL— West Fairniount Park. Erected in 1876, 
 for the Centennial Exhibition, at a cost of $1,500,000. Con- 
 tains the valuable Wilstach Art Collection and many other 
 interesting exhibits. 
 
 METROPOLITAN OPERA HOUSE— Broad and Poplar Streets. 
 
 NORTHEAST MANUAL TRAINING HIGH SCHOOL — 
 Eighth Street and Lehigh Avenue. 
 
 PENN TREATY PARK— Shackamaxon Street Wharf, on the 
 Delaware. The site of the Treaty between Penn and the 
 Indians in 1683. 
 
 PENNSYLVANIA HISTORICAL SOCIETY — Thirteenth and 
 Locust Streets. 
 
 PENNSYLVANIA HOSPITAL— Occupies entire block at Ninth 
 and Spruce Streets. Chartered 1752. 
 
 PHILADELPHIA AQUARIUM— Fairmount Park, near Green 
 Street entrance. 
 
 PHILADELPHIA LIBRARY— Juniper and Locust Streets. Old- 
 est subscription library in the United States. Founded by 
 Benjamin Franklin, and others, July, 1731. 
 
 PHILADELPHIA NAVY YARD — League Island — Foot of 
 
 Broad Street. Take Fifteenth Street car. 
 RIDGEWAY LIBRARY— Broad and Christian Streets. 
 
 SOUTHERN MANUAL TRAINING HIGH SCHOOL— Broad 
 and Jackson Streets. 
 
 ST. PETER'S CHURCH— Third and Pine Streets. Erected in 
 1758. Here lies buried Commodore Decatur. 
 
 TEMPLE UNIVERSITY AND GRACE BAPTIST CHURCH 
 — Broad and Berks Streets. 
 
 UNITED STATES CUSTOM HOUSE— Chestnut Street be- 
 tween Fourth and Fifth Streets. 
 
 UNITED STATES MINT— Spring Garden Street from Sixteenth 
 to Seventeenth Streets. 
 
 UNITED STATES POST OFFICE BUILDING— Ninth Street, 
 from Market to Chestnut Streets. 
 
 UNION LEAGUE— Broad Street, from Sansom to Moravian 
 Streets, and extending back to Fifteenth Street. 
 
 UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA— Thirty-fourth Street and 
 Woodland Avenue. Founded by Benjamin Franklin, 1740. 
 
 72 
 
PHILADELPHIA 
 
 WASHINGTON MONUMENT— Green Street entrance to Fair- 
 mount Park. The gift of the Pennsylvania Society of the 
 Cincinnati. Unveiled by President McKinley in May, 1897. 
 Cost about $250,000. 
 
 WIDENER FREE LIBRARY— Northwest corner of Broad Street 
 and Girard Avenue. Formerly the home of Mr. P. A. B. 
 Widener, who donated it in memory of his wife to the city 
 for library purposes. 
 
 WIDENER HOME FOR CRIPPLED CHILDREN — Broad 
 Street and Olney Avenue. 
 
 WILLIAM PENN CHARTER SCHOOL— Twelfth and Clover 
 Streets (below Market). Founded by William Penn 1701. 
 
 WILLIAM PENN HIGH SCHOOL FOR GIRLS— Fifteenth and 
 Wallace Streets. 
 
 WILLIAM PENN HOUSE— Fairmount Park at western end of 
 Girard Avenue bridge. The first brick building erected in 
 Philadelphia. Originally erected near Second and Market 
 Streets, but carefully removed to the Park in 1889. 
 
 WILLOW GROVE — Twenty-three miles north from City Hall, on 
 Old York Road. A delightful ride and a beautiful place to 
 visit. Take trains from Reading Terminal or trolley cars 
 on Thirteenth or Eighth Streets. 
 
 ZOOLOGICAL GARDEN— In Fairmount Park, west side of the 
 Schuylkill River, and close to Girard Avenue bridge. Covers 
 thirty-three acres and contains many buildings devoted to 
 the exhibition of animals and birds from all parts of the 
 world. 
 
 /o 
 
A glimpse into the past, when Plumbers did 
 not meet together to discuss questions of sani- 
 tation or exchange ideas to further benefit 
 themselves and the public. 
 
 m 
 
 ET'S take the Road to Yesterday 
 
 To the Valley of Long Ago, 
 
 When yon and I sat dreaming — 
 
 Day Dreams , in the shadon' of the Dear Old Shop. 
 
 And as we turn back the pages of the years, 
 Recalling the scenes of our youth 
 And renewing again the friendships of the past, 
 Let's clasp the hand of those zee meet, 
 And zueep for those zvho zvalk no more. . 
 Dear Old Times — 
 Let's call them hack again — 
 And mingle ztnth the boys and girls of our youth 
 On the Road to Yesterday. 
 
 I am in a reminiscent mood today. My thoughts are traveling 
 back through the stream of time to the day zuhen I shouldered a 
 kit and began my apprenticeship to this business of plumbing. 
 Some years have passed since then and some gray hairs have appeared 
 in my head, but the scenes and incidents of my early days are 
 passing in rapid rev^iezv before my mind, and I am living them over 
 again as clearly as though it zvere indeed, but Yesterday. 
 
 Those friends of my youth! Some have passed azvay, and at 
 their graz'es I pause to lay in fond remembrance the zvreath of im- 
 mortelles as a tribute to their memory. Some are zuith the living 
 and I am sure that their minds zinll sometimes travel back as mine 
 does to the things zee did in boyhood days. So I invite them to join 
 zi'ith me and take this trip on the "Road to Yesterday." 
 
 The Old Shop! Do yon remember the path zee trudged and 
 hozv we slid by the office, hoping to dodge a hydra-headed monster, 
 known as the bossF He seemed to have eyes everyzvhere and to 
 our youthful minds appeared a creature zehose principal object in 
 
 74 
 
PHILADELPHIA 
 
 life zvas to make the existence of the "cub" a burden. Hozv zve 
 misjudged him, this boss! IV e could not realize then that he zvanted 
 us to learn hozif to do things right. And do you remember the da\s 
 Zi'hen the old tanks zvere lined and our part zvas to keep the round 
 irons hot and be damned by lesser monsters — the "Journs;' those 
 solder artists zvho could zvipe joints on broom-sticks or crozv-hars — 
 mechanics — but of a time that zvill never return. 
 
 Hozv hard those problems appeared to us, and hozv zee zvondered 
 if zve should ever solve the mysteries of the vent and anti-syphou 
 pipe, or "throzv the solder" as did those masters of ours in the 
 Old Shop. We laugh nozv at the rude attempts of the men of those 
 days after sanitation, and zvonder hozv the old bath-room outfits, 
 lined tubs, boxed-up-sinks and pipes that alzvays froze in zvinter, 
 ever passed as articles of comfort and health. They are gone, 
 those specimens of crude plumbing. Only a memory of the past 
 remains and zve are nozv a part of the system that has brought into 
 use the sanitary appliances of the present day. Let us hope that 
 "our boys" zvill bring into use many nezver and better ideas than zve 
 have, and that it zvill be just as pleasant for th.ein, in the future, 
 to look back to their early days as it is for us. 
 
 I have again stepped from the past into the present and my 
 thoughts are nozv of the National Association of Master Plumbers, 
 hozv it started, hozv it developed, zvhat it has accomplished and 
 of the good fellozvs in its ranks, but another pen zvill trace its 
 history and another mind zvill take you from the "Road to Yesterday" 
 
 to the Present. 
 
 George F. Uber 
 
 On the "Road to Yesterday" — "Rapid Transit" in Ye Olden Times 
 
 The first turnpike road in the United States was from Philadelphia to Lancaster, 
 62 miles, and was opened in 1794. 
 
 /O 
 
Frank J. Fee 
 
 New York 
 President National Association of Master Plumbers 
 
Purposes for vv^hich the National Association of 
 Master Plumbers of the United States was or- 
 ganized; officers for 1912-1913, and list of 
 previous conventions. 
 
 'HE National Association of Master Plumbers of the 
 United States was organized in New York, in the latter 
 part of 1882, and incorporated under the laws of the 
 State of Delaware, November 30, 1903, for the follow- 
 ing purposes : 
 The advancement of sanitation and the encouragement 
 of sanitary laws and the better enforcement thereof. 
 
 The improvement of plumbing appliances and plumb- 
 ing work. 
 
 The education of the members of the craft in sanita- 
 tion and in all that pertains to the best methods of con- 
 ducting such business. 
 
 The establishment of harmonious and equitable rela- 
 tions between master plumbers, journeymen plumbers, 
 and other employees, and manufacturers and jobbers in 
 supplies used in the plumbing, heating, gas fitting and 
 drainage business. 
 
 The education of the apprentice in plumbing and the 
 establishment of an apprenticeship system. 
 
 The seal of the National Association bears this inscription: — 
 "They Builded Better Than They Knew, N.A.M.P., U.S.A. Insti- 
 tuted 1883, Incorporated 1903." 
 
 The ofificers of the National Association, elected at Salt Lake 
 City, Utah, July 18, 191 2, for the term ending with the adjourn- 
 ment of the Thirty-first Annual Convention, at Philadelphia, June, 
 1913. are as follows: — 
 
 President 
 Frank J. Fee New York 
 
 Vice President 
 
 Chris. Irving Denver, Col. 
 
 77 
 
Officers of the National Association 
 
 Chris Irving 
 Vice-President 
 Charles Murphy 
 Director Secretary 
 
 WilHam McCoach 
 
 Treasurer 
 
 S. Louis Barnes 
 
PHILADELPHIA 
 
 Secretary 
 Charles Murphy New York 
 
 Treasurer 
 William McCoach Philadelphia 
 
 Directors 
 
 A. C. Eynox Canton, Ohio. 
 
 John Trainor Baltimore, Md. 
 
 Jeremiah Sheehan St. Louis, Mo. 
 
 W. H. Halsey Milwaukee, Wis. 
 
 Robert E. Quinn Paterson, N. J. 
 
 I. J. Brown New York, N. Y. 
 
 Carl J. Stein Chicago, 111. 
 
 S. Louis Barnes Philadelphia, Pa. 
 
 Richard J. Welch Lowell, Mass. 
 
 Thomas Haverty Los Angeles, Cal. 
 
 Fred H. Gawthrop Wilmington, Del. 
 
 National Vice Presidents 
 
 Alabama Christopher Bailey .... Montgomery 
 
 Arizona J. H. Mulrein Phoenix 
 
 Arkansas A. V. Rogoski Little Rock 
 
 California Edw. W. Crowell Los Angeles 
 
 Colorado J. C. St. John Colorado Springs 
 
 Connecticut Arthur J. McManus . . . .Hartford 
 
 Delaware Isaiah N. Eaton Wilmington 
 
 District of Columbia . William Conradis Washington 
 
 Florida S. G. Bouis Jacksonville 
 
 Georgia A. M. Smith Atlanta 
 
 Idaho A. Adelmann Boise 
 
 Illinois John W. Ward Rock Island 
 
 Indiana William J. Wooley Evansville 
 
 Iowa R. Knauer Des Moines 
 
 Kansas E. D. Draper Kansas City 
 
 Kentucky J. J. O'Neil Ashland 
 
 Louisiana James H. Aitken New Orleans 
 
 Maine P. A. Mahoney Portland 
 
 Maryland .John B. Macfarlane Cumberland 
 
 Massachusetts James S. Cassedy Cambridge 
 
 Michigan William A. Decker Grand Rapids 
 
 Minnesota George K. Belden Minneapolis 
 
 Mississippi S. A. Carnes Laurel 
 
 Missouri J. C. Brickey Kansas City 
 
 79 
 
Directors of the National Association 
 Carl J. Stein Robert E. Quinn 
 
 John Trainor 
 
 A. C. Eynon 
 
 Fred H. Gawthrop 
 
PHILADELPHIA 
 
 Montana R. G. Forbes Butte 
 
 Nebraska J. C. Bixby Omaha 
 
 Nevada F. W. Cook Fallon 
 
 New Hampshire Fred T. Buxton Nashua 
 
 New Jersey Harry J. Farrell Camden 
 
 New Mexico F. M. Morgan Albuquerque 
 
 New York Frank B. Lasette New York 
 
 North Carolina S. M. Stevens Asheville 
 
 Ohio Harry S. Smith Warren 
 
 Oklahoma D. W. Fitts Oklahoma City 
 
 Oregon W. N. Smith Astoria 
 
 Pennsylvania Charles K. Will Lancaster 
 
 Rhode Island Thomas E. Manney Providence 
 
 South Carolina A. D. Palmer Columbia 
 
 South Dakota L. H. Skiff Brookings 
 
 Tennessee W. W. Cronin Memphis 
 
 Texas Joseph Netzer Laredo 
 
 LTtah Charles J. Higson Salt Lake City 
 
 Virginia A. W. Fairer Norfolk 
 
 Washington M. Isbester Spokane 
 
 West Virginia Robert W. Kyle Wheeling 
 
 Wisconsin Jacob Schuh Milwaukee 
 
 Wyoming Jett E. Nash Cheyenne 
 
 8i 
 
Directors of the National Association 
 
 Richard J. Welch Thomas Haverty 
 
 William H. Halsey 
 Jeremiah Sheehan I. J. Brown 
 
PHILADELPHIA 
 
 The previous Conventions of the National Association, with 
 place of meeting and the name of each President elected, are as 
 follows : 
 
 Year 
 1883 
 1884 
 1885 
 1886 
 1887 
 1888 
 1889 
 1890 
 1891 
 1892 
 
 1893 
 1894 
 
 1895 
 1896 
 1897 
 1898 
 1899 
 1900 
 1 901 
 1902 
 1903 
 1904 
 
 1905 
 1906 
 1907 
 1908 
 1909 
 1910 
 1911 
 1912 
 
 Where Held President President's Address 
 
 New York, N. Y. . . Col. George D. Scott . New York 
 
 Baltimore, Md Andrew Young Chicago 
 
 St. Louis, Mo James Allison Cincinnati 
 
 Deer Park, Md James Allison Cincinnati 
 
 Chicago, 111 John Byrne New York 
 
 Boston, Mass John Trainor Baltimore 
 
 Pittsburgh, Pa Ed. J. Hannan Washington, D. C. 
 
 Denver, Col Robert Griffith Chicago 
 
 Cincinnati, Ohio . . .Joseph A. MACDONALD*.New York City 
 Washington, D. C. .Jeremiah Sheehan .. .St. Louis 
 Milwaukee, Wis.. . .Daniel G. Finnerty. .Boston 
 
 Detroit, Mich John Mitchell New York 
 
 Philadelphia, Pa.. . .James Meathe Detroit 
 
 Qeveland, Ohio . . .William H. Doyle . . . Philadelphia 
 New York, N. Y. . . Thomas P. Culloton . Chicago 
 San Antonio, Tex. . Samuel L. Malcolm . . New York 
 
 New Orleans, La. . . P. M. Murphy Chicago 
 
 Baltimore, Md P. Tierney Providence 
 
 Kansas City, Mo. . . E. D. Hornbrook Kansas City 
 
 Atlantic City, N. J..E. D. Hornbrook Kansas City 
 
 San Francisco, Cal. . E. D. Hornbrook Kansas City 
 
 St. Louis, Mo David Craig Boston 
 
 Atlanta, Ga Charles T. Boyd Chicago 
 
 Atlantic City, N. J. . R. B. Moodie Dayton, Ohio 
 
 Louisville, Ky T. A. Hill New York 
 
 Boston, Mass W. H. Halsey Milwaukee 
 
 Detroit, Mich Walter D, Nolan . . . .Washington, D. C. 
 
 Chicago, 111 A. Selden Walker . . .East Orange, N. J, 
 
 Galveston, Tex. . . . Alfred C. Eynon .... Canton, Ohio 
 Salt Lake Citv, L'tah.FRANK T. Fee New York • 
 
 *Died October, 1891, and was succeeded by Jeremiah Sheehan, 
 of St. Louis. A^ice President. 
 
 83 
 
PROGRAMME 
 
 Monday, June i6 
 9 A. M. — Opening- of Headquarters, Bellevue-Stratford. 
 
 Arrival and Registration of Delegates. 
 8 P. M. — Reception to visiting Delegates and their ladies, by the 
 members of the Philadelphia Master Plumbers' 
 Association and Ladies, Ball Room, Bellevue- 
 Stratford. 
 
 Tiiesday, June ly 
 10 A. M. — Thirty-first Annual Convention, Ball Room, Bellevue- 
 Stratford. 
 Invocation. 
 Address of Welcome by the Mayor of Philadelphia, 
 
 Hon. Rudolph Blankenburg. 
 Address of Welcome by Edward F. Roberts, President 
 of the Philadelphia Master Plumbers' Association. 
 Response by Frank J. Fee, of New York, President of 
 
 ( the National Association. 
 Appointment of Committees on Credentials, Resolu- 
 tions, etc. 
 President's Report. 
 Treasurer's Report. 
 2 P. M. — Report of Committees and Regular order of business. 
 2 P. M. — Automobile sightseeing tour of the city for the Phila- 
 delphia and visiting Ladies. 
 
 Wednesday, June i8 
 
 10 A. M. ) „ . ,. 
 
 Convention discusses reports. 
 
 2 P. M. 
 
 1 p. M. — Luncheon in Roof Garden, Bellevue-Stratford, to the 
 
 Philadelphia and visiting Ladies. 
 9 P. M. — Reception and Dance, Ball Room, Bellevue-Stratford. 
 
 Thursday, June ip 
 lo A. M. — Convention receives reports of Special Committees, and 
 proceeds with nominations. 
 
 2 P. M. — Annual Election of Officers and appointment of 
 
 Committees. 
 2 P. M. — Special tours for the Philadelphia and visiting Ladies 
 
 to points of historic interest. 
 8 P. M. — Theatre Party for Delegates and Ladies. 
 
 Friday, June 20 
 I P. M. — Automobile ride for Delegates and Ladies through 
 Fairmount Park and thence to Willow Grove for 
 dinner and entertainment. Special train at 10.30 
 P. M. returning to the citv. 
 84 
 
Brief sketch of the Philadelphia Master Plumb- 
 ers' Association, ho^v and vv^hen organized, 
 and a revievv^ of the benefits it offers to its 
 members. 
 
 ROM the date of its organization in January, 1883, the 
 same year in which the National Association was insti- 
 tuted, to the present time, the Philadelphia Master 
 Plumbers' Association has been of the greatest value 
 to the members of the craft in this city. Not only has 
 the Philadelphia Association been of distinct value in a business 
 sense to all the plumbers of the city, but it has also been the means 
 of bringing the members of the craft together like one great family 
 so that there could be an interchange of ideas and sociability. 
 
 In fact, the members of the Philadelphia Association of Master 
 Plumbers feel that one of the greatest purposes for which they were 
 organized was that of sociability and friendship. While competi- 
 tion will always be keen in business, the Philadelphia plumber of 
 today never hesitates to meet his competitor with a kind word and 
 enter into competition with him upon an honest and sincere basis. 
 In January, 1883, immediately after the National Association 
 was formed, a meeting of the master plumbers of Philadelphia was 
 called by George F. Uber and Harry Burke, at which the Philadel- 
 phia Association was formally launched. The initial meeting, which 
 was w^ell attended, was held at the southwest corner of Thirteenth 
 and Mt. Vernon Streets. Among those who were present on that 
 occasion and who pointed out the value of such an organization for 
 the benefit of the Master Plumbers of Philadelphia, were Col. George 
 D. Scott, of New York, the first President of the National Associa- 
 tion ; Joseph A. Macdonald, of New York, who became President 
 of the National Association in 189 1 ; T. T. Burns, also of New York, 
 and several others. It did not require much oratory to convince 
 the Philadelphia Master Plumbers of the wisdom of organizing and 
 committees on Constitution and By-Laws, Membership, Finance, 
 etc., were named. Upon the adoption of a resolution on organiza- 
 tion, the following temporary officers were elected to serve until a 
 permanent organization could be effected : 
 
 «5 
 
Edward F. Roberts . 
 
 President Philadelphia Master Plumbers' Association 
 
PHILADELPHIA 
 
 President Harry Burke 
 
 Vice President William Lindsay 
 
 Secretary Enoch Remick 
 
 Treasurer George F. Uber 
 
 On February 19, 1883, the various committees made their 
 reports, after which the Philadelphia Master Plumbers' Association 
 was duly organized and the original temporary officers were form- 
 ally elected to serve for the ensuing year. On January, 1885, the 
 Philadelphia Association was chartered with the following charter 
 members : 
 
 John J. Weaver William W. Mensinger 
 
 William M. Wright Enoch Remick 
 Albert M. Hicks George T. Gabell 
 
 A. G. Bond John E. Eyanson 
 
 William Harkness, Jr. George F. Uber 
 
 At the present time the Philadelphia Association has a mem- 
 bership of close upon four hundred, which is eighty per cent, of 
 the total number of registered plumbers in the city. The officers for 
 the present year are : 
 
 President Edward F. Roberts 
 
 Vice Presidents William Boal 
 
 George F. Uber 
 Samuel W. Barnes 
 D. F. DuRKiN, Jr. 
 George Moeller 
 
 Secretary S. Louis Barnes 
 
 Treasurer H. B. Lentz 
 
 Sergeant at Arms Elvin H. Mackav 
 
 Directors 
 R. H. Pflug-Felder Fred P. Speth 
 
 H. L. Righter Thomas B. Sutch 
 
 Martin J. Morgan 
 
 Solicitor Charles S. Wood, Esq. 
 
 As to what the Philadelphia Association has accomplished dur- 
 ing its thirty years of existence, much could be written. It has 
 banded the master plumbers together in a way which nothing else 
 could ever have accomplished; it has acted at all times officially in 
 
 87 
 
George F. Uber 
 
 Chairman of the General Committee on Arrangements Thirty-first 
 
 Annual Convention National Association Master 
 
 Plumbers of the United States 
 
PHILADELPHIA 
 
 the interests of the craft in general and never for any selfish pur- 
 poses or for individual benefits ; it has built up an organization which 
 commands the highest respect, not only of official Philadelphia, but 
 the respect and confidence of the entire public of the city, and it has 
 also been the means of successfully bringing about the high standard 
 of good fellowship among its members. No better illustration of 
 the cordiality which exists in the large membership is to be found 
 than at any of the meetings of the Association. Matters of interest 
 to the trade and to the members are presented and fully discussed 
 without the slightest discord. For thirty years this has been the 
 rule at all the meetings and it is doubtful whether any other organiza- 
 tion — trade or social — can present such a history of harmony. It 
 is no wonder that many very complimentary references have been 
 made during the past to the unmatched success of the Philadelphia 
 Master Plumbers' Association and the protection it has given to its 
 members. 
 
 One of the important and successful features of the Philadelphia 
 Association is that known as the Labor Bureau. This was established 
 in 1906 and during the seven years of its existence has provided for 
 its members a means of securing good help, thus correcting a number 
 of the abuses incident to the employing of labor. On a number of 
 occasions, this Bureau has assisted Master Plumbers' Associations of 
 other cities and helped locals in the establishing of similar Bureaus. 
 Originally the Bureau was in charge of a business agent, who, while 
 attending to the general business of association agent, devoted a 
 portion of his time to the duties of the Bureau, but the results were 
 not satisfactory. After several experiences with salaried agents, the 
 work of the Labor Bureau became part of the regular Association 
 business and was placed in charge of one of the members. The 
 Association then installed and has since maintained an office for the 
 Labor Bureau at 1613 Pine Street, completely equipped with card 
 files, telephones, working quarters for a resident clerk and offices for 
 the member in charge of the work. D. F. Durkin, Jr., is the present 
 manager of the Bureau. 
 
 The system of card files installed show the different classes of 
 labor that may be used in the business of Plumbing and Heating, such 
 as Plumber, Plumber and Fitter, Fitter, Laborer. Plumber's Helper, 
 Fitter's Helper, Plumber's Apprentice, Office Boy, Bookkeeper, etc. 
 Applications are received from any person desiring a position in any 
 of these classes, and the applicant's name, age, address and former 
 employers' names placed on a card. When calls for help are received 
 from the Master Plumber (member of the Philadelphia Association) 
 
 89 
 
Officers and Committeemen Philadelphia Master Plumbers' Association 
 Harry B. Lentz Robert J. Long Fred P. Speth 
 
 William H. Doyle William Boal Robert J. Hoben 
 
 George Moeller Jacob Bugger E. H. Mackay 
 
PHILADELPHIA 
 
 these cards are referred to and in most cases it is possible for the 
 Labor Bureau to immediately give valuable information concerning 
 the character, ability and earning capacity of the applicants. 
 
 The rules adopted for the Labor Bureau are as follows : 
 
 "This Bureau has been organized and is maintained by the Phila- 
 delphia Master Plumbers' Association, for the use of its members in 
 good standing. All others not members of the Association desiring 
 to use the Bureau must apply to the President of the Association and 
 upon his written order, access will be given to the files. 
 
 "All applicants for positions are invited to register and the 
 Bureau will use every endeavor to place competent persons in good 
 positions. No expense is placed upon the applicant and there is no 
 favoritism. Character and ability are the tests of fitness. 
 
 "This Bureau does not regulate wages or the hours of labor. The 
 applicant is permitted to make his own terms. 
 
 "This Bureau will, however, keep a record of all applicants regis- 
 tered at the office and will secure this information through its 
 Association members. 
 
 "When a position is secured for an applicant a card with full 
 instructions will be mailed or given at the office. 
 
 "It is the duty of all applicants registered at the Bureau to keep 
 the clerk fully informed as to whether they are employed or unem- 
 ployed. Two sets of files are used, the employed are so marked vmless 
 they report to the contrary. 
 
 "Any member of the Association in good standing shall have 
 full access to this Bureau and when in need of help shall be given 
 prompt consideration. 
 
 "All calls shall be filed in the order received. They may be sent 
 through mail, by telephone or in person. 
 
 "When a member applies for help the list of applicants of the 
 class will be given, with such information as the Bureau may have 
 with the salary asked for by the applicant. 
 
 "It is the duty of all members using this Bureau to report on 
 all the employees they have in their shops and to make further 
 reports on all persons hired or discharged during the year with a 
 record of their character and ability. 
 
 "During busy season it is not always possible to furnish first- 
 class help. The Bureau will send out the best in all cases where it 
 is possible to obtain them. When it is not a record may be had of 
 the deficiencies of the person sent. 
 
 91 
 
Officers and Committeemen Philadelphia Master Plumbers' Association 
 
 Harry L. Righter Thomas B. Sutch Gregor Drummond 
 
 D. F. Durkin, Jr. Samuel W. Barnes 
 
 Martin J. Morgan Robert H. Pflug-Felder R. H. Watson 
 
PHILADELPHIA 
 
 "Members before hiring any help at their shops should call the 
 Bureau. We may have their record and save you the cost of experi- 
 menting. 
 
 "Office hours of The Labor Bureau are from 8 a. m. to 5 p. m. 
 and 12 m. on Saturdays, at 161 3 Pine Street, Philadelphia, Pa." 
 
 Another important feature of the Philadelphia Master Plumbers' 
 Association is the Credit Information Bureau, in charge of Robert 
 H. Pflug-Felder, with offices at the southeast corner of Eighth and 
 Norris Streets.^ This Bureau was established by the Board of 
 Directors of the Philadelphia Association in February, 1912, and 
 Mr. Pflug-Felder was requested to establish the work. Through 
 his individual efforts Credit Information Bureau has, at the present 
 time, a file of more than 120,000 credit reports on individuals, firms 
 and corporations. All the records are properly indexed and so 
 arranged that information can be furnished promptly in answer to 
 a telephone call. The information is furnished to the members of 
 the Association without cost. Based on information given to the 
 Bureau, it is estimated that this credit service, during the first year 
 of operation, has prevented possible or likely loss to the extent of 
 between $30,000 and $40,000. 
 
 Among the many features of the Master Plumbers' Association 
 of Philadelphia that serve to concentrate the interest and loyalty of 
 the members, the "Beneficial Fund" holds a conspicuous place. It 
 consists of an organization limited to the members of the Association, 
 that secures to the widow or family of each deceased member the 
 payment of a sum equal to $2.00 from each of the members enrolled. 
 
 This payment is made immediately upon proof of the death of 
 a member, and is intended to relieve the widow or family of the 
 deceased member from some of the cares and expenses incident to 
 his sickness and death, and being payable to his widow or family, it 
 is not liable for attachment for any debt. 
 
 The operation of the Beneficial Fund has made manifest the 
 fact that the men engaged in the plumbing art enjoy long lives. 
 During the past twenty years with an average of nearly four hundred 
 members in the Master Plumbers' Association of Philadelphia, there 
 have been but eighteen deaths, and during the past four years only 
 two deaths have occurred among the members of the Beneficial Fund. 
 
 The collection and disbursement of the Beneficial Fund is man- 
 aged without the payment of any charge for services, or a 
 commission of any kind. The President, Secretary and Treasurer 
 of the Master Plumbers' Association act as the President, Secretary 
 and Treasurer of the Beneficial Fund, and all members of the Master 
 
 93 
 
Ladies' Reception Committee 
 
 Mrs. Robert J. Hoben Mrs. William McCoach Mrs. M. Uber Nazel 
 
 Mrs. Harry L. Righter 
 Mrs. H. L. Hurlburt Mrs. Jacob Bugger Mrs. George Moeller 
 
PHILADELPHIA 
 
 Plumbers' Association of Philadelphia, who are in sound health at 
 the time of making their application, are eligible to membership. 
 
 At the Thirtieth Annual Convention held at Salt Lake City, 
 Utah, July, 19 12, Philadelphia was selected as the meeting place 
 for the Thirty-first Annual Convention. That news was received 
 with the greatest pleasure by all the members of the Philadelphia 
 Master Plumbers' Association, and steps were taken at once to pre- 
 pare for the convention, with the hope that it would be the most 
 successful and profitable in the history of the National Association. 
 
 President Roberts appointed George F. Uber as chairman of 
 the general committee for the Convention arrangements, and he 
 was given able assistance by a number of the leading members of 
 the Philadelphia Association. The ladies who were appointed on 
 the Ladies' Reception Committee enlisted in their work with the 
 greatest enthusiasm. 
 
 The Committees in charge of all the arrangements are as 
 follows : 
 
 General Committee on Arrangements. — George F. Uber, 
 Chairman; William McCoach, Harry B. Lentz, D. F. Durkin, 
 William Boal, Gregor Drummond, Jacob Bugger, Robert J. Hoben, 
 Harry L. Righter, William H. Doyle. George Moeller, R. H. 
 Watson, Samuel W. Barnes, Edward F. Roberts, President Ex-Of- 
 iicio; S. Louis Barnes, Secretary. 
 
 Hotel Committee. — William McCoach, Chairman; S. Louis 
 Barnes, George F. Uber, George Moeller. Edward F. Roberts, 
 Harry B. Lentz. 
 
 Publicity Committee. — William H. Doyle, Chairman; Joseph 
 T. Kinsley, Robert H. Pflug-Felder, S. Louis Barnes, Christopher 
 J. Doyle. 
 
 Finance Committee.— George F. Uber, Chairman; Samuel W. 
 Barnes, Harry Boon, Joseph Scholl. Harry L. Righter, J. Crawford 
 Bartlett, Richard H. Watson, William White, Robert J. Hoben, 
 Thomas F. Dempsey, George Moeller, Martin J. Morgan, William 
 M. Anderson, D. F. Durkin. Jr., Robert J. McNally, Louis J. Som- 
 mer, Joseph T. Kinsley, John A. Lang, William McCoach. 
 
 Exhibition Committee. — Harry B, Lentz, Chairman; Gregor 
 Drummond, Robert H. Pflug-Felder, Harry K. Bisbing, Martin 
 J. Morgan. 
 
 Entertainment Committee.— B. F. Durkin, Jr., Chairmm; 
 John J. Melon, Richard Ormrod. H. J. Schisselbauer, Joseph 
 
 95 
 
Ladies' Reception Committee 
 
 Mrs. Samuel VV. Barnes Mrs. Edward F. Roberts Mrs. William Boal 
 
 Mrs. S. Louis Barnes 
 Mrs. D. F. Durkin, Jr. Mrs. Francis T. Withim Mrs. A. L. Drummond 
 
PHILADELPHIA 
 
 Stewart, Robert B. McFarland, J. Gilbert Lowener, Graham W. 
 Long, Frank Kramer, James J. Kennedy, Jr., Ernest W. A. Dyke, 
 George S. Holmes, Norman W. C. Uber, Louis J. Sommer, Jr., 
 Wm. V. Kettlewell, John J. Murray, John A. Quinn, George W. C. 
 Roddy, Thomas H. Rhodes, H. B. Wall, Evan T. Pennock, Howard 
 Neilson, Walter C. Morrison, Jr., James P. Moloney, Joseph 
 Kearney, George W. Wismer, Charles Jann, Christopher J. Doyle, 
 Frank Horowitz, Henry E. Hendrickson, Joseph M. McGinnis, 
 Robert J. Long, John Love, James P. Fitzgerald, Edward A. Elker, 
 James S. Ferguson, Francis T. Witham, John V. McNally, Dennis 
 V. Kennedy, Joseph T. Kinsley, William H. Ambrose, George 
 Moeller, ' Charles Moran, George C. Renter, John F. Ford, Harry 
 L. Righter, Paul Menges, George E. McLaughlin, Thomas Dormer, 
 Harry J. Black, Walter H. Nash. 
 
 Information Committee. — William Boal, Chairman; George 
 Azone, William R. Boal, William L. Bodenstine, E. K. Boulais, 
 B. Frank 'Britton, William R. Busby, Thomas J. Casey, Sheridan 
 Cave, Monte Cleland, George H. Clark, Thomas D. Clark, Harry 
 Askowitch, William D. Davis, Howard V. Gadsby, Edward Habb, 
 Frank Joy, John A. Lang, Samuel G. Reilly, Francis H. Naylor, 
 Jr., Wm. J. McCuliff, Ronald A. Needham, A. L. Boorse, George 
 
 A. Cooke. 
 
 Badge Committee. — Gregor Drummond, Chairman; Harold C. 
 Asquith, William C. Cooley, Milton L. Hamilton, Oscar A. Kahler, 
 Richard L. Martin, Lewis Morford, Albert F. Stoltz, Elwood B. 
 Story, John J. Kelly, E. P. Rickly, Walter R. Ross, Howard Smith, 
 Fred P. Speth, Edward J. Toy, Edwin F. Uscher, Andrew Wanner, 
 Harry L. Stilwell. 
 
 Souvenir Committee. — Jacob Bugger, Chairman; George W. 
 England, Hugh McElwee, Fred P. Speth, Isaac S. Shreeve, 
 Thomas B. Sutch, John A. Quinn, Frederick Weidemann, George 
 
 B. Wills, Louis Specht, John Harley, William T. Finley, Walter 
 N. Rhodes, Joseph M. Seiberlich, Robert G. Weir, Daniel D. 
 Whealin, William B. Fox, George Caldwell, J. Harry Wohlfeld, 
 Frank Michelbach, Ephraim Catsifif, Otto A. Einholz, J. Ernest 
 Schenck, John T. Harnett, James M. Jerman. 
 
 Printing Committee. — Robert J. Hoben, Chairman; William 
 M. Anderson, George B. Grey, Alexander M. Barclay, William J. 
 Beatty, Harry K. Bisbing, Harry Boon, George R. Burlingame, 
 Harry L. Hurlbert, Thomas F. Dempsey, Joseph C. Flynn, Eugene 
 
 97 
 
Ladies' Reception Committee 
 
 Mrs. Thomas B. Sutch Mrs. L. E. Gebhardt Mrs. Robert H. Pflug-Felder 
 
 Mrs. Harry B. Lentz 
 Mrs. J. G. Lowener Miss M. R. Murphy Mrs. Christopher J. Doyle 
 
PHILADELPHIA 
 
 Quindlen, Thomas J. Brennan, Hugh McMichael, George C. Gray, 
 Gilbert W. Arnold, Walter E. Lammond, J. Gilbert Lowener, 
 Edward T. Matthews, John McCann, Harry C. Mellon, George J. 
 Noon, William J. Walter, Charles Wilkinson, Joseph T. Kinsley, 
 William S. Doyle, Walter G. Boehringer. 
 
 Reception Couimittee. — Harry L. Righter, Chairman; Frank 
 D. Toy, Henry C. Worrall, George F. Uber, Walter M. Staake, 
 Samuel W. Barnes, George Moeller, Theodore J. Borden, John A. 
 Long, John P. Ensslen, George W. Hicks, Elvin H. Mackay, God- 
 frey Krouse, Jr., William M. Sample, D. F. Durkin, Jr., William 
 W. Myers, John V. McNally. 
 
 Ladies' Auxiliary. — Mrs. Harry L. Righter, Chairman; Mrs. 
 William McCoach, Mrs. Edward F. Roberts, Mrs. S. Louis Barnes, 
 Secretary; Mrs. Samuel W. Barnes, Mrs. Wm. Boal, Mrs. Harry 
 B. Lentz, Mrs. R. H. Pflug-Felder, Mrs. Robert J. Hoben, Mrs. 
 Francis T. Witham, Mrs. George Moeller, Mrs. Jacob Bugger, 
 Mrs. H. L. Hurlbert, Mrs. Oiristopher J. Doyle, Mrs. Thomas B. 
 Sutch, Mrs. J. Gilbert Lowener, Mrs. M. U. Nazel, Mrs. Thomas 
 J. Barry, Mrs. M. Drummond, Miss Sarah Durkin, Miss Murphy, 
 Mrs. L. E. Gebhardt. 
 
 99 
 
First Public Trades School in America to 
 teach plumbing and other trades, established 
 in Philadelphia in 1906, meeting w^ith unquali- 
 fied success from the beginning. 
 
 N OCTOBER, 1906, the Board of Public Education of 
 
 Philadelphia opened the first public trades school in 
 
 America. The above statement in itself tells a big story, 
 
 for it will not be long before vocational training of the 
 
 mind of the young man will be a distinct feature with 
 
 the public school systems in all large cities in the country. In 
 
 Philadelphia, this special work met with marked success from the 
 
 start and has attracted much attention. 
 
 A few words of the public school system in Philadelphia will 
 be interesting here. In addition to High Schools for boys and 
 girls, there are 320 separate school buildings, with a teaching force 
 exceeding 4000 and an enrollment of students in excess of 165,000. 
 The total average cost per pupil per year is $33.66 and the gross 
 outlay for education about $8,000,000 per year. 
 
 The Public Trades School is maintained in a school building at 
 Twelfth and Locust Streets, where are conducted day and night 
 classes, with instruction in these trades — Architectural and Mechan- 
 ical Drafting, Bricklaying, Carpentry, Electrical Construction, House 
 and Sign Painting, Pattern Making, Plumbing, Printing and Sheet 
 Metal Work. 
 
 The day school is conducted from 9 a. m. until 3.30 p. m. and 
 is open to young men who have completed the grammar school 
 course, or who are fifteen years of age and able to carry on the work 
 of the school. About half of the school day is spent in the shops 
 and half in the class rooms, where drawing, mathematics, English, 
 and the science of the trades are taught. After a three year course, 
 the day students are graduated and granted diplomas by the Board 
 of Public Education. These graduates are not classed as journey- 
 men, but they start well along in their trades with a foundation 
 upon which they can become the highest type of mechanic. Many 
 young men attend the day school for a year or two in order to get 
 a start in their trade before taking a position. 
 
 100 
 
PHILADELPHIA 
 
 The Evening School from its organization has been a great 
 aid to young men desirous of advancing in the trades of their 
 selection. From 7.30 to 9.30 the school work is carried on, and 
 the demand for instruction has been so great that every year 
 hundreds of young men apply for admission who cannot be accom- 
 modated because of lack of space. This will be remedied in the near 
 future as it is the plan of the Board of Public Education to establish 
 Vocational Schools in different sections of the city. 
 
 The Evening Term covers six months and extends from the 
 last of September to the end of March. None of the classes are in 
 session more than three evenings a week, but because of the large 
 enrollment, most of the shops are open five nights every week, and 
 two classes alternate in attendance. This arrangement makes it 
 possible to accommodate a double class with an average attendance 
 of five hours per week. 
 
 To give some idea of the thoroughness of the several courses, 
 the following tables show the subjects upon which the student must 
 show efficiency : 
 
 Architectural and Mechanical Drafting — Drawing, Phys- 
 ics, Mathematics : mensuration, algebra, geometry and trigonom- 
 etry. 
 
 Bricklaying, Carpentry and Pattern ^Making — Shopwork, 
 Drawing (Architectural or Mechanical as related to trade) and 
 Mathematics : mensuration and simple accounts. 
 
 Electrical Construction — Shop work and Theory of Elec- 
 tricity and Magnetism, Physics, including elementary electricity, 
 Mathematics : mensuration, algebra, one book of geometry and 
 elements of trigonometry, and Drawing. 
 
 Electrical Wiring — A special course entitling pupils to cer- 
 tificate, but not to a diploma. 
 
 Plumbing — Shop work and theory. Mathematics : mensuration 
 and simple accounts. 
 
 Printing — Shop work, English (spelling and punctuation). 
 Mathematics : percentage and simple accounts. 
 
 Sheet Metal Work — Shop work. Mathematics : mensuration 
 and simple accounts. 
 
 House and Sign Painting — Shop work, Mathematics: men- 
 suration and simple accounts. 
 
 In several of the classes because of the demand for instruction 
 only those young men are admitted who are regularly employed at 
 those trades during the day. Out of this arrangement has grown 
 
 lOI 
 
PHILADELPHIA 
 
 a cooperation between the master associations and the school which 
 has resulted in a great increase in the efficiency of the school work. 
 In the trade of plumbing the Master Plumbers' Association has 
 for several years sent committees of its members to visit the school 
 and advise with the principal and teachers as to the subject matter 
 to be presented to the students and the manner of presentation, and 
 at the close of the term has given gold watches to the best boys in 
 the class. The visits by the employers have been a great inspiration 
 
 The Graduating Class of June, 1912, in Plumbing and Electrical Construction 
 
 to the boys and the advice has been of great help to the principal 
 and teachers. Mr. Richard H. Watson, the grand old man of the 
 plumbing trade in Philadelphia, has for two years given a gold 
 school fob as a prize to one of the members of each graduating 
 class. 
 
 In June, 1912, the first class in plumbing was graduated from 
 the Philadelphia Trades School. The cut accompanying this article 
 shows the type of young men in attendance at the school. Five 
 members of this class have already been granted masters' licenses, 
 and fourteen of them have passed the examination required by law 
 
 102 
 
PHILADELPHIA 
 
 for a journeyman's license. The others have not yet reached the 
 age of twenty-one. 
 
 Last June there were twenty-six graduates from the evening 
 school in the trades of plumbing and electrical construction. Twenty- 
 six young men, who, by attendance at evening school for terms 
 varying from four to six years, accumulated the required credits in 
 shop and classroom work. Every member of this class is now 
 employed at his trade. 
 
 In developing the course of study for the plumbing classes, it 
 has been the aim of the school authorities to plan work which would 
 give to the plumbers' apprentices the knowledge of the science and 
 practice of their trade wdiich would make them the highest type 
 of workman. Having in the classes only those young men who 
 work at the trade during the day, it has been possible to eliminate a 
 large amount of actual shop work from the school work and spend 
 the time either in the presentation of matters of science or of 
 practice which could not be had during the regular work of the day. 
 Following is the outline of the work in theory and practice : 
 
 COURSE IN PLUMBING 
 First Year 
 
 1. Plumbers' tools and their use. 
 
 2. Jointing — flux used in soldering, solder. 
 
 3. Materials for drains, soil, waste and vent pipe. 
 
 4. Fittings for drains, soil, waste and vent pipe. 
 
 5. Materials for supply pipes, jointing, etc. 
 
 6. Supporting pipes, lead, cast iron, etc. 
 
 7. Location of traps. 
 
 8. Plumbing fixtures ; small fixtures. 
 
 9. Size of waste pipes for different fixtures. 
 
 10. Size of soil pipes for water closets and small fixtures. 
 
 11. Size of soil pipes for branch lines. 
 
 12. Location of air inlets, vents, traps, etc. 
 
 13. Rain water conductors. Method of determining size. 
 
 14. Water closets, siphon jet, washout, washdown, siphon, range, 
 
 latrines, hoppers, etc. 
 
 15. Urinals; method of supplying with water. 
 
 16. Water closet tanks, special valve device. 
 
 17. Location of water closets and urinals. 
 
 18. Ventilation of water closet apartments. 
 
 19. Area of drainage for different sizes of pipe. 
 
 103 
 
PHILADELPHIA 
 
 20. Ventilation of drainage systems, offsetting vertical soil and vent 
 
 fixtures. 
 
 21. Yard and area drains, size and kind of cesspools. 
 
 22. Traps — treatise. 
 
 23. Arrangement of drain, soil and vent pipes. 
 
 24. Air lock, cause and prevention. 
 
 25. Test for drainage systems. Method of applying. 
 
 Second Year 
 
 1. Sewers and sewerage systems. 
 
 2. Principles of house drainage. 
 
 3. Detail of drainage construction, loop system. 
 
 4. Detail of drainage construction, back air of countervent. 
 
 5. Detail of drainage construction, continuous vent. 
 
 6. Legal requirements in connection with above. Atmospheric 
 
 pressure. 
 
 7. Loss of trap seals. Siphonage. 
 
 8. Loss of trap seals. Capillary attraction. 
 
 9. Evaporation, condensation and distillation. 
 
 10. Filtration, water supply, coagulum, etc. 
 
 11. Heads of water, pressure. 
 
 12. House supply tanks, capacity, weight of water. 
 
 13. Principles of hot water circulation. 
 
 14. Circulating range boilers, water fronts, etc. 
 
 15. Circulating range boilers, direct pressure, tank pressure. 
 
 16. Return system of hot water supply. 
 
 17. Errors in hot water circulation. 
 
 18. Double boilers, boilers on different floors, and method of con- 
 
 nection. 
 
 19. Hot water generators, temperature. 
 
 20. Pneumatic water supply. 
 
 21. Ventilating shafts, areas. 
 
 22. Air chambers, vibration, etc. 
 
 23. By pass in drainage systems. 
 
 24. Air lock, cause and prevention. 
 
 25. Drainage of fixtures below sewer level, sewage lifts, ejectors. 
 
 Third Year 
 
 1. Composition of water. 
 
 2. Artesian wells, deep wells, ordinary dug wells, bored wells, 
 
 springs, etc. 
 
 104 
 
PHILADELPHIA 
 
 3. Causes of pollution of water supply. 
 
 4. Method of supplying country houses by hydraulic rams, pumps, 
 
 windmills, etc. 
 
 5. Air, of what it is composed. 
 
 6. Compressibility of air. 
 
 7. Causes of vitiation. 
 
 8. Humidity, humidizing, washing, etc. 
 
 9. Planning drainage and construction. 
 
 10. Reading and measuring plumbing from plans. 
 
 11. Correcting defective plumbing plans. 
 
 12. Sew'age disposal for country houses. 
 
 13. Light wells, leaching wells, broad irrigation. 
 
 14. Subsoil irrigation, septic tank system. 
 
 15. Bacterial action in septic tanks, disposal of effluent. 
 
 16. Method of preparing fields for reception of sewage. 
 
 17. Storage tanks and overflow. 
 
 18. Plumbing systems for hospitals and institutions. 
 
 19. Plumbing systems for factories and mills. 
 
 20. Plumbing systems for office and store buildings. 
 
 21. Plumbing systems for apartment and tenement houses. 
 
 22. Process for obtaining permits, license, etc. 
 
 Fourth Year 
 
 Drawing — Architectural, with emphasis on plumbing plans. 
 
 Mathematics — Review of the fundamental processes ; addition, 
 subtraction, multiplication and division ; fractions, percentage, square 
 root, mensuration, bookkeeping. 
 
 Business Methods — Bonds, notes, drafts, interest, discount, per- 
 centage, checks, receipts, bills, etc. 
 
 The teachers in the plumbing section are all plumbers with 
 years of experience. Mr. John S. Bross, in charge of Theory and 
 Practice, is Assistant Chief Inspector of the House Drainage Divi- 
 sion of the Bureau of Health, and Secretary of the Board of 
 Plumbers' Examiners. Mr. George R. Jaggard and Mr. George S. 
 Barnholt, the shop instructors, are both journeymen working as 
 foremen at the trade during the day. 
 
 105 
 
If it isn't Electric 
 It isn't Modern ! 
 
 FOR Illuminating or Power purposes, for 
 Advertising and Household uses, the 
 ELECTRIC method is the best method — 
 it is the greatest known agency for economy, 
 efficiency and sanitation in the home or place 
 of business, at the disposal of the public. 
 
 You no longer see big, successful places of 
 business in this or other cities where Electricity 
 is not employed, and a completely equipped, 
 modern and convenient dwelling is an impos- 
 sibility without this agency. 
 
 Fully realizing the vital importance of 
 applied Electricity to every community, this 
 Company is furnishing and will continue to 
 furnish a high-grade service at reasonable rates. 
 
 You can obtain Electricity everywhere for 
 everything in the city from 
 
 The Philadelphia Electric Co. 
 
 lOth and Chestnut Streets 
 
 m 
 
r 
 
 Approved by Philadelphia Board of Health 
 
 I X L Anti-Freezing Closet 
 
 For exposed places. 
 
 Can be operated by a child. 
 
 Can be installed quickly. 
 
 WILL WORK UNDER ANY PRESSURE. CAN OTHERS SAY AS MUCH ? 
 
 Gives no trouble. 
 
 No washers used except Yz" hard washer on Hopper valve. 
 
 No cups, rings, or special washers used in their construction. 
 
 GUARANTEED IN EVERY RESPECT. 
 
 Lowest priced and most efficient on the market. 
 
 The best of brass and other material used in their construction. 
 
 All iron galvanized. 
 
 WATER SAVERS. 
 
 The first low-down Anti-freezing Closet. 
 
 There is no better Anti-freezing Closet made, and to prove the superiority of the 
 I X L we will connect any other Closet! on the market alongside of ours for your 
 inspection and test. 
 
 IN USE OVER EIGHT YEARS. 
 
 Send for complete Catalogue of other Combinations we make for Factories, School 
 Houses, Public Buildings, etc. 
 
 See your Plumber. 
 
 FOR SALE BY ALL JOBBERS. 
 
 Patentees and Makers 
 
 I X L Pump and Manufacturing Co. 
 
 957 North Ninth Street, Philadelphia 
 
 ■^ 
 
 /■XL PUMP'^MfCa 
 
 PHILA 
 
 L. 
 
 Plate 4 I X L 
 WITH PIT 
 
 Plate 60 I X L 
 WITHOUT PIT 
 
 J 
 
Tatham & Brothers 
 Lead Works 
 
 Would be glad to have visiting Master 
 Plumbers call at 226 South Fifth Street 
 any time during their visit to Phila- 
 delphia. 
 
Only Full Standard Weight Pipe 
 Made in the Future 
 
 C. Beginning January 1, 1913, this Company will 
 Manufacture only Full Standard Weight Pipe, 
 
 C In the past, the diversified purposes for which pipe was used 
 led to a number of so-called "Merchant" grades, varying to some 
 extent from standard pipe. This change from standard weight 
 was warranted for certain purposes, but the necessity for various 
 stocks on the part of dealers produced uncertainty in the mind of 
 the consumer as to the weight of pipe received, and from time to 
 time substitutions were made. 
 
 C The result of substituting a light weight pipe where standard 
 weight should have been used frequently involved both trouble 
 and misunderstanding, whereas full weight pipe, if there were no 
 other, could be used just as well for all purposes where 
 "Merchant" weight had been used. 
 
 C To the ultimate consumer and user, who is not always equipped 
 to weigh and inspect every length of pipe, the advantages of 
 a single HIGH standard are obvious. 
 
 C To readily identify 
 "NATIONAL" material, 
 and as protection to manu- 
 facturer and consumer 
 alike, the practice of Na- 
 tional Tube Company is to 
 roll in raised letters of good 
 size on each few feet of 
 every length of welded pipe 
 the name " NATIONAL" 
 (except on the smaller butt- 
 weld sizes, on which this is 
 not mechanically feasible). 
 
 MARKING 
 
 OiiM 
 
 1 
 
 Name Rolled in Raised Letters on 
 National Tube Co. Pipe 
 
 C In addition all sizes of 
 "NATIONAL" welded 
 pipe below four or five 
 inches are subjected to a 
 roll-knobbling process 
 known as "Speilerizing" 
 to lessen the tendency to 
 corrosion, especially in the 
 form of pitting. This 
 "Speilerizing" process is 
 peculiar to "NATIONAL" 
 pipe, to which process 
 National Tube Company 
 has exclusive rights. 
 
 To Summarize : 
 
 (a) The heavier pipe is stronger at the weld, more easily threaded, and the extra 
 thickness adds just that much to the durability, (b) When specifications call for 
 "NATIONAL" pipe it is not necessary to say " full standard weight," "Speller- 
 ized," nor any other qualifying phrase. The term " NATIONAL" pipe involves 
 all of these. 
 
 We have recently issued a booklet. " MODERN WELDED PIPE," which treats of the manufacture, 
 uses and characteristics of tubular products. While this book was not issued for general distribution, 
 ■we v«rill gladly send a copy to any person whose letter-head or activities would indicate a legitimate 
 use. Ask for N. T. C. Bulletin No. 12. 
 
 National Tube Co., Pittsburgh, Pa. 
 
 General Sales Offices: Frick Building 
 
 Atlanta Boston Chicago District Sales Offices : Denver Kansas City New Orleans 
 
 New York Philadelphia Pittsburgh St. Louis St. Paul Salt Lake City 
 
 Pacific Coast Representatives : 
 
 U. S. Steel Products Co., San Francisco, Portland, Seattle, Los Angeles 
 
 Export Representatives: — U. S. Steel Products Co., New York City 
 
An Invitation! To You 1 1 
 
 Take a few minutes while you are at the 
 Convention to see the 
 
 Loomis-Manning Filter 
 
 A knowledge of this simple, durable, 
 efficient filter will mean 
 
 MONEY FOR YOU 
 
 when you get home and your customers 
 want to improve their water supplies. 
 
 We extend a cordial invitation to you to visit 
 our Philadelphia Salesroom at the address below, 
 where we will be glad to show you a model filter 
 in operation. 
 
 The finest residences, hospitals, hotels, apart- 
 ment houses, office buildings, etc., are equipped 
 with Loomis-Manning Filters. 
 
 Built to Produce Lasting Results 
 
 Loomis-Manning Filter Distributing Co. | 
 
 131 South Sixteenth Street, Philadelphia i 
 
 Offices in 
 New York, Chicago, Boston, Buffalo, Baltimore, Washington, Richmond 
 
 iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii!iii;iiiiiii:iiiiiiiiiii!iii!iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiM^ 
 
 J 
 
Write for Catalogue describing Types of 
 
 TRIDENT METERS 
 
 Neptune Meter Co., 90 West St., New York 
 
 Atlanta Boston Chicago Cincinnati Los Angeles 
 
 Portland San Francisco Seattle 
 
 Philadelphia Meter Co. 
 
 418 Real Estate Trust Building 
 Agent 
 
 J 
 
"Tl 
 
 Richardson 
 
 Round Boiler Domes 
 
 Have a tremendous amount of heat- 
 ing surface. 
 
 This is only one of their many 
 features. 
 
 Our Catalogue will interest you 
 and shows the full line of 
 
 RICHARDSON BOILERS 
 with Guaranteed Ratings'^ 
 
 Hot Water Tank 
 Heaters 
 
 No. 110—150 Gallons 
 
 112—250 
 114—350 
 116—475 
 118—600 
 120—725 
 
 1 The first three sizes and all Laundry 
 1 Stoves can be furnished with Brass 
 i Water Sections. ^ 
 
 M Manufactured by ^ 
 
 I RICHARDSON & BOYNTON CO. | 
 
 I 1342 ARCH STREET, PHILADELPHIA | 
 
 M 171-173 West Lake Street, Chicago 405 Boylston Street.'Boston M 
 
 1 31 West 31st Street, New York 301 East Tenth Street, Kansas City g 
 
 M 928 Security Building, Minneapolis = 
 
 bllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll^ 
 
Roofing Plates 
 Tin Plates and 
 Sheet Iron 
 
 SOLDER 
 
 Pig Tin, Pig Lead, Antimony, 
 Spelter, Copper, Babbit Metal 
 
 Galvanized and 
 Black Sheets 
 Corrugated Iron 
 
 BRUCE & COOK 
 
 186-188-190 Water Street 248-250 Pearl Street 
 
 NEW YORK 
 
 ESTABLISHED 1812 
 
"HIGH-GRADE" 
 
 BRASS GOODS 
 
 COMPRESSION BIBBS 
 
 Ground Key Cap Stop and 'Wastes 
 iSelf-closingf Work, Quick Compression Goods 
 
 Every piece tested 
 200 lbs. 
 
 
 All have our 
 Unqualified Guarantee 
 
 THE HAYDENVILLE COMPANY 
 
 Works : HAYDENVILLE. MASS. 
 
 New York Of¥ice : 150 Nassau Street 
 
 
 The Famous White Pyralin Seat 
 
 n 
 
 The Best Closet Seat in the World— Bar None 
 
 Imitated by Many — Equaled by None 
 
 Guaranteed not to split, chip, crack or flake, or 
 lose color, or urine to affect in any way 
 
 Strictly High Grade 
 Sold by all First-class Jobbers 
 
 C. F. CHURCH MFG. CO. Holyoke, Mass. 
 
 
 BELL, MARKET 207 
 
 ESTABLISHED 1874 
 
 KEYSTONE, MAIN 279 
 
 E. A. HIBBS 
 
 ATH 
 
 OILERS TANKS, STACKS 
 
 Quarry and Bread Streets 
 
 Above Arch, between Second and Third Sts. 
 
 PHILADELPHIA 
 
 Heavy Sheet Iron Work 
 
You can depend on 
 
 VOGEL 
 PATENT FROST-PROOF CLOSETS 
 
 Over 20,000 
 
 were sold last year to satisfied customers, who are 
 No. 1 No. 2 coming back this year for a 
 
 great many more. 
 
 
 << >%>, 
 
 Made with care 
 and tested 
 
 For sale by reliable 
 jobbers 
 
 JOSEPH A. VOGEL CO. 
 
 "Wilmington. Del. Baltimore. Md. 
 St. Louis, Mo. 
 
 )E would be pleased 
 to have the Delegates 
 of The National As- 
 sociation of Master Plumbers 
 of the United States visit our 
 
 Booths, Nos. 14-15-32-33, to 
 inspect personally our display 
 of High Grade "Capoco" 
 Sanitary Earthenware. 
 
 Camden Pottery Co. 
 
 CAMDEN, N. J. 
 
 Philadelphia Office 
 1511 Sansom St. 
 
 New York Office 
 95 William St. 
 
 The 
 Atlas Brass Mf^. Go. 
 
 Plumbers' 
 High Grade 
 
 Brass Goods 
 
 CLEVELAND 
 
 Atlas Brass Goods 
 Absolutely Guaranteed 
 
iiit'rinii'iiiiiiii:! 
 
 "t 
 
 ABRAM COX STOVE CO. 
 
 American and Dauphin Streets 
 
 PHILADELPHIA 
 
 Have for sixty-five years been 
 making High-Grade 
 
 RANGES 
 STOVES 
 
 FURNACES 
 
 and BOILERS I 
 
 Universally Approved 
 and Most Extensively Used 
 
 iii!iii]iiiiiii:iii:iiijiijii:iiiiiijii;iii:i>i:iiiiiii:iii!iii:iiiiiii;iiij{i;iii:iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii:iii:ii^ 
 
 J 
 
 If you want Prompt Shipments give us your orders 
 
 BUTTER WORTH SUPPLY COMPANY 
 
 4200 KENSINGTON AVENUE, PHILADELPHIA, PA. 
 
 PLUMBERS' SPECIALTIES 
 
 Made of Brass, Rubber, Leather, Fibre, etc. Plumbers' Tools, Hose Fittings 
 Screws and Repairs 
 
 WASHERS A SPECIALTY 
 
 JOHN R. LIVEZEY 
 
 COLD STORAGE 
 INSULATION 
 
 BOILER AND PIPE 
 COVERINGS 
 
 OFFICES 
 5 Commerce St., BALTIMORE 1933 Market St., PHILADELPHIA 
 
GREETINGS FROM 
 
 The Globe Brass Manufacturing Co. 
 
 HIGHEST GRADE 
 
 PLUMBERS' Brass Goods and Specialties 
 
 CLEVELAND 
 
 H. F. SCHROEDER JOS. IRR H. F. ALBERS 
 
 Pres. and Treas. Vice-President Sec'y 
 
 rj=iilllllllilllllllllllllllilllll!illilllllllllllllllilllilllllll[lli;illilllillllil^^ 
 
 YORK 
 
 Boilers and Ranges 
 
 j Hudson Boiler Manufacturing Co. 
 
 I AEOLIAN BUILDING 200 DEVONSHIRE ST. 
 
 j NEW YORK BOSTON 
 
 ll^ii;iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii]iiiiiiiiiiiiiii:iii;iii:iiiJii>iiiiiii;iii:iii:iii:iii;iii:ii^^ 
 
 LOOK FOR THAT MARK I 
 
 ON THE FIXTURES IN 
 
 Cije peUebue=^tratfortr ^bbition 
 
 If you want to see the class of goods we make don't fail to inspect the Bathrooms of your 
 Convention headquarters. Ask to be shown the new addition. Our ware is installed there. 
 
 THE TRENTON POTTERIES COMPANY 
 
 TRENTON, NEW JERSEY, U. S. A. 
 
There's a Definite Policy Behind Making and Selling 
 
 -PMSSIONWORK 
 
 PATENTED 
 
 That Policy Is: To give you the best brass goods that 
 can be made — 
 
 To fix prices by accurately-known costs, and to have one 
 price only, for all buyers alike — 
 
 To absolutely guarantee your satisfaction, and your cus- 
 tomer's — 
 
 To help you sell Quick-pression Work by our advertising 
 to architects and consumers — 
 
 To back you up with service and co-operation that go be- 
 yond soliciting orders. 
 
 Be a Quick-pression dealer. Tie to 
 the house that proves what it says. 
 
 ^^k^ 
 
 mo CENTRAL BRASS 
 
 MFG. CO. of 
 CLEVELAND 
 
 Originators and sole manufacturers of Quick-pression Work 
 
 The 
 
 B. B. Ball 
 
 Cock 
 
 PATKMEII 
 
 For Bottom Supply 
 
 SHOWING 
 
 Internal Construction 
 
 NOTE THE 
 
 RENEWABLE 
 SEAT 
 
 MADE OF 
 
 BEST STEAM METAL 
 
 Furnished only with our 
 
 B. B. FLOATS 
 
 BOSTON BRASS CO. 
 
 40 Oliver St., Boston 
 
 Wy CO Aseptic Seat 
 
 Covered by our special process. Guaran- 
 teed to remain ^uliite. Will not chip, 
 crack or flake. Acid and water proof. 
 Non-absorbent. Neat design. Best Con- 
 struction. Write for details. 
 
 WYCO PRODUCTS CO. 
 
 SPRINGFIELD, MASS. 
 
 We are alone in 
 covering Plumbers' Metal Work 
 
Attention, Master Plumbers! 
 
 It is to your advantage to use Electric Weld 
 Boilers as you will have fewer replacements. 
 
 One Jobber bought in 1912 Twenty-two 
 Hundred Electric Weld Boilers and had only 
 Eleven Defectives — % of 1 per cent. A record 
 never equaled by any other boiler. 
 
 "Extra Quality" 
 
 Wiping Solder 
 
 Pure Block Tin, Pig Lead, Sheet Lead 
 Lead Pipe, Plumbers' Vent Pipes 
 
 Seamless Tubing 
 
 Iron Pipe Sizes 
 BRASS BRONZE COPPER 
 
 Sheet Zinc 
 Sheet Copper 
 
 For Bar Work 
 
 Merchant &i Evans Co. 
 
 517 Arch St. Philadelphia 
 
 New York Cleveland 
 
 Brooklyn ^^& Chicago 
 
 Baltimore (§ ^^ Kansas City 
 
 Denver Wheeling 
 
 An Invitation 
 
 is extended to all members of the Na- 
 tional Association of Master Plumbers of 
 the United States and their friends to 
 visit our factory, where we are prepared 
 to demonstrate the merits of 
 
 Thg Webster Systems 
 
 of 
 
 Steam Heating 
 
 and 
 
 Webster Specialties 
 
 the result of 25 years' development by 
 progressive methods that have made them 
 the acknowledged standard in the Steam 
 Heating field. 
 
 Warren Webster & Co. 
 
 Point and Pearl Streets 
 
 CAMDEN, N. J. 
 
 Established 1888 24 Branch Offices 
 
THE ONLY, 
 BRASS goods) 
 
 I GUARANTEED ( 
 5 YEARS 
 
 GLAUBER 
 
 From Coast to Coast 
 
 "GLAUBER" 
 
 THE ONLY 
 vBRASS GOODS/ 
 
 I GUARANTEED (^ 
 f 5 YEARS 
 
 GLAUBER 
 
 Plumbing Brass Goods 
 
 THE ONLY 
 vBRASS GOODS/ 
 
 } GUARANTEED \ 
 / 5 YEARS 
 
 GLAUBER 
 
 are used and endorsed by 
 
 The National Association 
 
 of Master Plumbers of 
 
 the United States 
 
 Glauber Brass Manufacturing Co. 
 
 Cleveland, Ohio 
 
 New York and San Francisco 
 
 THE ONLY 
 BRASS GOODS 
 
 IgUARANTE£D\ 
 
 SyearsI 
 GLAUBER 
 
 Speakman Shower Baths 
 
 Brass Fixtures for 
 
 Baths and Lavatories 
 
 You are invited to inspect 
 our Exhibit of new and 
 up-to-date Fixtures in the 
 Red Room of the Belle- 
 vue-Stratford. 
 
 Speawiaw Supply and Pipe Co. 
 
 Riverview "Works 
 Wilmington, Delaware 
 
 Snsiurance Companp 
 
 of America 
 
 INCORPORATED, 1899 
 
 EXECUTIVE OFFICES 
 
 416-418-420 \A^alnut Street 
 
 Philadelphia 
 
 BASIL S. WALSH, - President 
 
 JOSEPH L. DURKIN, - Secretary 
 
 E. P. MADDEN. - - Treasurer 
 
 All Forms of Ordinary and In- 
 dustrial policies issued at all 
 ages from 18 to 70 years. 
 
 POLICIES IN FULL IMMEDIATE 
 BENEFIT 
 
Pennsylvania Range Boiler Co. 
 
 Manufacturers of 
 
 ^ .f ^ 
 
 Guaranteed Range Boilers 
 
 Tenth Street, (Above Norris) PHILADELPHIA, PA. 
 
 -Quick 
 
 COMPRESSION 
 
 PATENTED 
 
 ABSOLUTELY 
 THE BEST 
 
 THE RICKERSBERG BRASS CO. 
 
 CLEVELAND, OHIO 
 
 Plumbers' Woodwork Bathroom Fixtures 
 
 covered witli 
 
 PORCELOID 
 
 give lasting satisfaction. Fully guaranteed. 
 Sold by all the leading Supply Houses. Look for 
 the name. ' ' T/ie Tc/iitesl i.i/iit(' you c-ver jaxt. ' ' 
 
 Sanitary Specialties Co. 
 
 1824-36 E. Clearfield Street Philadelphia 
 
National Radiator Company 
 
 Boilers, Radiators, Heating: Specialties 
 
 PLANTS: General Offices : branch: 
 
 Johnstown, Pa. .,*-vw w*to ^^ 1325 Arch Street 
 
 Trenton, N. J. JOHNSTOWN, PA. Philadelphia 
 
 THE REGAR BRASS MFG. CO. 
 
 CLEVELAND, OHIO 
 
 Makers of the 
 
 Finest Brass Goods in America 
 
 \^^RITE FOR CATALOG 
 ESTABLISHED 1848 
 
 E. Stebbins cManfg. Co. 
 
 MANUFACTUBEBS OF 
 
 Plumbers' Fine Brass Goods 
 
 Brightwood, Mass. 
 
 SOUTHERN SUPPLY CO. 
 
 '7( Fine Plumbing Material 
 
 Manufacturers 
 and Jobbers 
 
 Water, Steam, Gas Supplies and Terra Cotta Pipe 
 
 Warehouse and Yard — 437 North High Street 
 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
CLEVELAND O. L/.S.A. 
 
 Williams Tool 
 Company 
 
 Manufacturers of 
 
 PIPE THREADING 
 and BOLT CUTTING 
 MACHINERY ^ 
 
 "Transverse-Current" Water Heaters 
 
 ERIE, PA. 
 
J. BURNS ALLEN HARRY FRANKENFIELD 
 
 EMPLOYERS' LIABILITY AND WORKMEN'S COMPENSATION 
 
 The undersigned are the authorized representatives of the 
 MASTER PLUMBERS' ASSOCIATION OF PHILADELPHIA 
 
 for the purpose of securing the most liberal policy contracts, lowest rates and an equitable adjustment 
 of loss claims for the Assured. 
 
 We shall be pleased to submit a proposition to any MEMBER of the NATIONAL ASSOCIATION 
 located in any STATE in the UNION 
 
 CHARLES TREDICK & COMPANY 
 BELL AND KEYSTONE 408 W ALN UT STR E ET 
 
 TELEPHONES PHILADELPHIA, PA. 
 
 Ij^ ill iiriiiiiriiriii III 111:111 iiiiiii III ii!:iii;iiiiiii!iii:iii'iii;iiii^ 
 
 Greetings from | 
 
 The Monarch Brass Co. 
 
 CLEVELAND, OHIO 
 
 Manufacturers of 
 
 Plumbers' Highest Quality 
 I Brass Worl^ 
 
 l!^iiiiiiiiiijiii!riii:!ii:iii;i{iiiii;iii:iii:iii;iii:iiijii:iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii^ 
 We solicit your Orders for 
 
 Stop and Wastes, Inverted Curb Stops, 
 Bibs, Sill Cocks, Vent Tees and other 
 Brass Goods 
 
 Farnan Brass Works ^L^blh^^^s^^ 
 
■WALTER WHETSTONE 
 President 
 
 EDGAR "W. KOONS 
 Sec'y & Treas. 
 
 \A^HETSTONE CS, CO. inc. 
 
 WROUGHT IRON AND STEEL PIPE VALVES, FITTINGS, 
 TOOLS AND SPECIALTIES, UNIVERSAL CAST IRON PIPE 
 
 911 Filbert Street 
 
 Philadelphia, Pa. 
 
 Kemp's Climax 
 Anti-Freezing Hopper 
 
 A GREAT WATER SAVER 
 
 Fills quickly, flushes thoroughly, and 
 drainage of parts is rapid and complete. 
 Seat automatically assumes vertical posi- 
 tion, should always be dry and sanitary. 
 
 A 5 lb. weight placed on the seat will 
 operate it against 200 lbs. water pressure. 
 No strain on any part. No stuffing box or 
 packing. Extensively used in connection 
 with Baltimore's new sew^er system, and 
 approved by Baltimore Plumbing Inspection 
 Department. Positively will not waste 
 until seat is permitted to rise. Write for 
 circular. 
 
 The C. M. Kemp 
 Manufacturing Company 
 Baltimore, Md. 
 
 ROBERTS FILTER MFG. CO. inc. 
 
 DARBY, PHILADELPHIA, PA. 
 
 WATER FILTERS FOR ALL USES 
 
 Manufacturers of the Roberts Germ-Proof Filters 
 for Domestic Use 
 
 A Darby car in the Subway brings you direct to our new modern plant 
 
WM. THOMSON. 
 Manager Philadelphia Branch 
 
 READING STOVE WORKS 
 
 ORR, PAINTER & CO. 
 
 64-66 North Second Street 
 
 Sunshine Portable and Cabinet Ranges, Otiieilo Ranges 
 
 Combination Coal and Gas Ranges 
 
 Hot Air, Steam and Hot Water Heaters 
 
 E. C. KRUPP. PRES. 
 
 TRADE-MARK HENRY L. FREED, sec. & treas. 
 
 " KRUPP" 
 
 
 MANUFACTURERS OF 
 
 Lansdale, Pa., 
 
 Genuine Armstrong Stocks and Dies 
 
 Pipe Cutters, 
 . Malleable Iron Hinged Pipe Vises 
 [V \^,^ 4^ y\"A\ Combination Pipe Kits, Pipe Machines 
 
 both hand or power 
 
 Specify the Genuine when 
 ordering 
 
 Manufactured by 
 
 THE ARMSTRONG MFG. CO. 
 
 3.32 Knowlfon St., Bridgeport, Conn. 
 
DISSTON Saws and Tools 
 for Plumbers 
 
 Established 1840 
 
 We make a number of high-grade saws specially adapted for 
 Plumbers' use. Among them will be found the Plumbers' Nest of 
 Saws, with keyhole, compass, and special Plumbers' blades — all readily 
 changed through an exclusive adjustment feature in the handle ; the 
 Flooring Saw, which eliminates the use of chisel or auger in taking up 
 floors, and Hack Saws of every description. 
 
 When you need a saw, a plumb and level, bevel, screw driver, try 
 square, trowel, etc., mention " DISSTON " \o your hardware dealer 
 and look for the trade-mark. A growing business during nearly three- 
 quarters of a century speaks for itself. 
 
 HENRY DISSTON & SONS 
 
 Incorporated 
 
 Keystone Saw, Tool, Steel and File Works 
 
 PHILADELPHIA 
 
 The 
 
 Trenton Brass and Machine Co. 
 
 MANUFACTURERS OF 
 
 Fine Plumbers' Brass Goods 
 
 TRENTON, N. J. 
 
 WM. BOEKEL ^ CO. 
 
 518 Vine Street - = Philadelphia 
 
 MANUFACTURERS OF 
 
 Showers, Test Pumps, Gauges, Float Balls, and other 
 Plumbing Specialties 
 
 ASK YOUR DEALER FOR OOR GOODS 
 
alem Pra^si anti Jron iilfg. Co. | 
 
 SALEM, N. J. I 
 
 MANUFACTURERS OF j 
 
 I Full Weight Soil Pipe and Fittings | 
 
 I Plumbers'* Cast Iron Sinks, Cesspools | 
 
 I Boiler Stands, etc. i 
 
 M Also I 
 
 I A Full Line of j 
 
 1 Bock Water Valves from 2" to 8' 
 
 L 
 
 iiiiiii:iiijiiiiiiiiiiiiii;iiiiiii:iii:iiiiiii:iii:iiiiiii:iiiiiii!iii!iii:iii:iii:iiiiiii!iiiiiiij^ 
 
 J 
 
 THE ROME BALL 
 
 Cannot 
 Collapse 
 
 Seats 
 Perfectly 
 
 Cut to 
 show the 
 rubber 
 held 
 
 firmly in 
 position 
 by lining 
 of copper 
 
 Western Rep.— Harry Verbeek, 139 N. Clark St., 
 
 Chicago, 111. Eastern Rep.— Joseph L. Fritz, 
 
 910 Drexel Building, Phila., Pa. 
 
 ROME SANITARY COMPANY 
 
 ROME. N. Y. 
 
 RESERVED 
 
We have a surprise package (or every Master 
 Plumber. This consists ol a combination box 
 containing a liberal supply and a lull assortment of all Leather, Rubber, 
 Felt, Paper Packings used by the Plumber. This is neatly and attractively 
 put up and is delivered F. O. B. your shop. Write today lor a lull descrip- 
 tion ol this "ALGCO" combination box. 
 
 This is also an attractive proposition lor the Jobber which every 
 Plumber will buy on sight. 
 
 AUBURN LEATHER GOODS CO. 
 
 Hays Manufacturing Co. 
 Erie, Pa. 
 
 J. B. Campbell Brass Works 
 Erie, Pa. 
 
Greetings to you, 
 
 cTVlaster Plumbers 
 and Welcome to 
 Philadelphia 
 
 UNION 
 WATER cTVIETER CO. 
 
 129 South Eleventh Street 
 
 Meters made by us are approved by 
 the Bureau of Water. 
 
 Why not recommend them to your 
 customers? 
 
 Come in — talk it over — note our favor- 
 able terms. 
 
 OFFICES SALESROOMS 
 
 EXHIBITION ROOMS 
 
 129 South 11th Street, Philadelphia 
 
 A Visit to Philadelphia 
 
 without seeing 
 
 B. F. KEITH'S THEATRE 
 
 and enjoying 
 
 The World's Best Vaudeville 
 
 is to lose 
 
 A Rare Treat 
 
 Williamsport Radiator Company 
 
 Manufacturers of 
 
 Craig Boilers and Norka Radiators 
 For Steam and Hot Water 
 
 Main Office and Works, WILLIAMSPORT, PA. 
 Branches 
 
 NEW YORK 
 
 PHILADELPHIA 
 Office, 1415 Common\\reaIth Building 
 
JUN 16 1918