PRESENTED To THE LIBRARY 
 
 BY 
 
 Cs ae Co 
 er ke Si... OXeanan.... Sa ' 
 
 \ 
 
 No. aA 
 
 Library of chill University 
 
 MONTREAL 
 
 Received \ 
 
yen ~ ; pais doe ‘ ya Sine ty ate 8 , a8 ss a a ie Gee ate 
 ee ¥ == ee ok ae. <del : : : ay ‘= red Bi Y r A Latah re one - * a Berth a 
 os % e 
 
Mkt, Ii tect cue eted a, He yogis ETT AAR HaT kee tetaiee Re tk rss Pre atin secre eis Suter th tetanic Ri Peds ibSy adds ianridioe DOD IDOLE 
 
 GREATER CANADA. 
 AND THE PEACE PROBLEM 
 
 By Rosert Stein 
 
 With Three Maps 
 
 WASHINGTON, D. C. 
 JUDD & DETWEILER, Inc., PRINTERS 
 1914 
 
GREATER CANADA 
 AND THE PEACE PROBLEM 
 
 By Rosert Stein 
 
 With Three Maps 
 
 “T am still of opinion it would have been happy for both sides if it [his plan of colonial 
 union, proposed in 1754] had been adopted . The subsequent pretext for taxing 
 America, and the bloody contest it occasioned, would have been avoided. But such mistakes 
 i are not new; history is full of the errors of states and princes. Those who govern, having 
 
 much businesson their hands, do not generally like to take the trouble of considering and carry- 
 ing into execution new projects. The best public measures are therefore seldom adopted from 
 previous wisdom, but forced by the occasion."’—Benjamin Franklin's autobiography. 
 
 WASHINGTON, D., C. 
 
 JUDD & DETWEILER, Inc,, PRINTERS 
 4 
 
 : 1914 
 
Greater Canada and the Peace Problem 
 By ROBERT STEIN 
 
 The rejection of reciprocity by Canada, as evidence of 
 her devotion to the Mother Country, may prove to have 
 been one of the happiest events in history, if both parties 
 will but heed its most important lesson. ‘To those expansive 
 gentlemen who are eager to convert the nine Canadian 
 Provinces into nine American States, it says that they can 
 not annex Canada except by reannexing the whole British 
 empire. To the Canadians, who think that the empire needs 
 their support, it suggests that the empire would be forever 
 secure, if it could but reannex the fragment which un- 
 willingly broke loose 138 years ago. Mutual Anglo-Ameri- 
 can reannexation would in fact be the greatest blessing that 
 could be bestowed on the world at this moment. Placing the 
 globe under the control of the two most advanced branches 
 of the Aryan race, the Celtic and Germanic, it would mean 
 the instant establishment of that permanent universal “peace 
 with righteousness” which, according to Colonel Roosevelt, 
 is the only peace that is really a blessing. 
 
 The reunion is delayed not by obstacles founded on argu- 
 ment, but solely by the habit which civilized men have in- 
 
 “I am still of opinion it would have been happy for both sides if 
 it [his ‘plan of colonial union, proposed in 1754] had been adopted 
 : The subsequent pretext for taxing America, and the bloody 
 contest it occasioned, wouid have been avoided. But? such mistakes 
 are not new; history is full of the errors of states and princes. 
 Those who govern, having much business on their hands, do not 
 generally like to take the trouble of considering and carrying into 
 execution new projects. The best public measures are therefore 
 seldom adopted from previous wisdom, but forced by the occasion.” 
 —Benjamin Franklin’s autobiography. 
 
 (3) 
 
 AADIS 
 
4 
 
 herited from their savage ancestors, to continue in the rut 
 into which the caprice of accident has kicked them. One 
 gets an appalling sense of human weakness on pondering 
 over the fact that a narrow-minded king, never quite sane, 
 had the power to split asunder a nation comprising thousands 
 of men of superb intellect, to whom union and the British 
 name were dearer than anything except liberty; while the 
 fact that the two fragments, having long outgrown the 
 conditions that made the mischief possible, still allow it to 
 continue, is equally grotesque proof that the men of the 
 present day, who boast so loudly of their reasoning and 
 destiny-making powers, are, like their grandfathers, the help- 
 less playthings of blind natural forces, 
 
 Imperial federation has been discussed for years. The 
 difficulties that delay its consummation would be swept away 
 in an instant by Anglo-American reunion. In an Anglo- 
 Saxon, or, as Mr. Carnegie would prefer to call it, Celtan- 
 glian Federation, the United States would bear to Canada the 
 same relation that Australia does now. Closer union than 
 that is not needed, 
 
 How are these good things to be attained? Not by sit- 
 ting still and sighing for them, or prophesying that they 
 will come in time, but by taking thought and working. In 
 the following pages an attempt will be made to prove that the 
 acquisition of Greenland by Canada would almost certainly 
 lead to Anglo-American reunion, with all its incalculable 
 consequences, including permanent. universal] peace. That 
 is a startling assertion, but if a gain of a million square miles, 
 without the expenditure of a cent, nay, with a saving of many 
 Maen Stl op abbaion 4t wuld nase been happy for both Sides if 
 it [his plan of colonial union, proposed in 1754] had been adopted 
 
 The subsequent pretext for taxing America, and the bloody 
 contest it occasioned, would have been avoided. But such mistakes 
 are not new; history is full of the errors of states and princes. 
 Those who govern, having much business on their hands, do not 
 generally like to take the trouble of considering and carrying into 
 execution new projects. The best public measures are therefore 
 
 seldom adopted from previous wisdom, but forced by the occasion,” 
 —Benjamin Franklin’s autobiography, : 
 
5 
 
 millions of dollars, by merely saying “Aye,” seem an en- 
 ticing prospect, and if Canada can thereby render to the 
 Mother Country a service immeasurably exceeding any other 
 that can be conceived, it is hoped that Canadian readers will 
 have the patience to listen with unbiased minds to a brief 
 statement of the argument. 
 
 *x* * 
 
 First of all, aside from any ulterior motives, the acquisi- 
 tion of Greenland would be of decided benefit to Canada. 
 
 (1) During the past decade, Canadians have become aware 
 of the possibilities of wealth in those Arctic lands to which 
 Canada, through the energy of Captain Bernier, has recently 
 acquired perfect title. That wealth, however, must remain 
 dormant so long as adequate transportation facilities are 
 lacking. To establish a regular system of transportation is 
 difficult unless it can be made to pay from the very start. 
 In the present case the difficulty arises mainly from the fact 
 that the two shores of Baffin Bay belong to different nations. 
 The Greenland trade of Denmark has long been carried on at 
 a loss, while the Canadian side of the Bay has no trade at all. 
 
 The acquisition of Greenland by Canada would change all 
 that. At Ivigtut, near the south end of Greenland, there is 
 a cryolite mine, the ore from which is shipped partly to 
 Denmark and partly to the United States. Were Greenlani 
 a part of Canada, that profitable industry would of course be 
 transferred to some Canadian city. The ore vessels, instead 
 of going to Greenland in ballast, could take merchandise. 
 
 “I am still of opinion it would have been happy for both sides if 
 it [his plan of colonial union, proposed in 1754] had been adopted 
 The subsequent pretext for taxing America, and the bloody 
 contest it occasioned, would have been avoided. But such mistakes 
 are not new; history is full of the errors of states and princes. 
 Those who govern, having much business on their hands, do not 
 generally like to take the trouble of considering and carrying into 
 execution new projects. The best public measures are therefore 
 seldom adopted from previous wisdom, but forced by the occasion,” 
 —Benjamin Franklin’s autobiography, 
 
6 
 
 The vessels visiting the most northerly Greenland settle- 
 ments could on their homeward voyage touch at the Baffin- 
 land settlements. Every point of the Bay would thus have 
 assured communication at least once a year, on a paying 
 basis. 
 
 (2) Formerly the whaling industry of Baffin Bay was 
 a source of vast wealth, supplying a considerable share of the 
 $700,000,000 which Holland, Scotland, Norway and America 
 have during the last 300 years derived from the whale. If 
 both sides of the Bay belonged to Canada, it would become to 
 all intents and purposes a closed sea, its resources the property 
 of Canada. With judicious protection, the whaling industry 
 would surely revive in Canadian hands and might in time 
 spread once more over the entire Bay, affording support to 
 a considerable population and a splendid recruiting ground 
 for the British navy. 
 
 (3) Southern Greenland, free from large carnivora, could 
 be developed into a splendid preserve of fur-bearing animals, 
 where the musk-ox, chamois, mountain sheep, yak, vicufa, 
 and other ruminants, whose natural home is near the snow 
 line, would find a congenial habitat, in company with the 
 native caribou. The growing scarcity of furs, and their 
 rapidly increasing price, suggest the possibility of large re- 
 turns from such an investment, 
 
 (4) Switzerland receives $1 20,000,000 a year from tour- 
 ists. With regular and commodious communication estab- 
 lished, Greenland, with its marvelous icecap, 750,000 square 
 miles in extent, its glaciers, icebergs, its four to five months’ 
 
 continuous daylight in summer, would goon vie with Switzer- 
 SBS ce Sasarzssppcenortsoetoiose toe pcos, a 
 “IT am still of opinion it would have been happy for both sides if 
 it [his plan of colonial union, proposed in 1754] had been adopted 
 The subsequent pretext for taxing America, and the bloody 
 contest it occasioned, would have been avoided. But such mistakes 
 are not new; history is full of the errors of states and princes. 
 Those who govern, having much business on their hands, do not 
 generally like to take the trouble of considering and carrying into 
 execution new projects. The best public measures are therefore 
 seldom adopted from previous wisdom, but forced by the occasion.” 
 —Benjamin Franklin’s autobiography. 
 
7 
 
 land as a tourists’ resort. Hotels, chalets, and rest houses 
 would spring up, and remunerative occupation be provided 
 for hundreds of guides, packers, and boatmen. As an inci- 
 dent to this tourist traffic, both Greenland and the other 
 lands bordering on Baffin Bay would be minutely explored, 
 with the practical certainty of the discovery of valuable min- 
 erals. A dozen Klondikes may await the prospector in that 
 vast archipelago. 
 
 (5) The starting points of this tourist traffic would at 
 first be the present Atlantic ports of Canada. Soon, however, 
 it would be found desirable to abridge the ocean voyage. 
 From the southeast corner of Labrador, with its splendid 
 harbors, to the south end of Greenland, the distance is about 
 560 miles, There would thus be a motive to build a railway 
 from Quebec to the strait of Belle Isle, whence a fourteen- 
 knot steamer could reach Greenland in 40 hours. 
 
 (6) There would be another and far weightier motive. 
 The southeast corner of Labrador is closer to Europe than 
 any part of the North American continent. St. John’s, 
 Newfoundland, is some 50 miles closer, but has the disad- 
 vantage of being located on an island, which fact has hith- 
 erto prevented the realization of the oft-discussed Trans- 
 atlantic Short Line. If the southeast corner of Labrador 
 had railway connection, it would immediately attract a cer- 
 tain amount of Transatlantic fast traffic, in addition to that 
 which already seeks the strait of Belle Isle every summer. 
 On a globe, draw a line connecting Mazatlan (Pacific coast 
 of Mexico), Fort Worth (Texas), St. Louis, Detroit, Toronto, 
 Montreal, Quebec, the strait of Belle Isle, Blacksod Bay 
 
 “Tam still of opinion it would have been happy for both sides if 
 it [his plan of colonial union, proposed in 1754] had been adopted 
 The subsequent pretext for taxing America, and the bloody 
 contest it occasioned, would have been avoided. But such mistakes 
 are not new; history is full of the errors of states and princes. 
 Those who govern, having much business on their hands, do not 
 generally like to take the trouble of considering and carrying into 
 execution new projects. The best public measures are therefore 
 seldom adopted from previous wisdom, but forced by the occasion.” 
 —Benjamin Franklin’s autobiography. 
 
8 
 
 (Ireland), Dublin, London, Dover, Calais, Munich, Vienna, 
 Constantinople. It is found to be practically an arc of a 
 great circle, approximately bisecting the commerce of 
 Kurope. In other words, for most of the United States 
 and Canada, the railway from Quebec to the strait of Belle 
 Isle, which would soon be found desirable to accommodate 
 the Greenland traffic, would also afford the quickest connec- 
 tion with Europe (and vice versa) for passengers, mail and 
 fast freight. Within a few decades, the St. Louis, Toronto, 
 Quebec, and Labrador line might become the most important 
 railway line in America. 
 
 (7) If Greenland and the entire Baffin Bay trade belonged 
 to Canada, and if a railway from Quebec to the strait, of Belle 
 Isle were in operation, Newfoundland would have two new 
 motives for joining the Dominion: (a) to share in the Baffin 
 Bay trade, (b) to get the long-desired tunnel to Labrador. 
 
 (8) Vessels sailing from Hudson strait to Liverpool have 
 to pass close by Cape Farewell, the south end of Greenland. 
 As soon as the Hudson Bay railway is finished, a rapidly 
 growing traffic will spring up between Hudson Bay and 
 Liverpool. It will require a close study of the ice conditions, 
 and hence telegraphic connection with Cape Farewell will 
 soon become a necessity. Since the station at that point will 
 minister to British interests almost exclusively, it is desirable 
 that it be under Canadian control. 
 
 (9) Captain Bernier’s voyages have revived the hope of a 
 Northwest Passage for commercial use, for about six weeks 
 each summer. If practicable, it would at the same time 
 permit the development of the resources of the entire Arctic 
 
 “T am still of opinion it would have been happy for both sides if 
 it [his plan of colonial union, proposed in 1754] had been adopted 
 The subsequent pretext for taxing America, and the bloody 
 contest it occasioned, would have been avoided. But such mistakes 
 are not new; history is full of the errors of states and princes. 
 Those who govern, having much business on their hands, do not 
 generally like to take the trouble of considering and carrying into 
 execution new projects. The best public measures are therefore 
 seldom adopted from previous wisdom, but forced by the oceasion,” 
 —Benjamin Franklin’s autobiography. 
 
9 
 
 archipelago, especially the copper deposits of Banks Land 
 and the adjoining continental area. The saving of time is 
 shown by the following comparison : 
 
 Distance from Liverpool to Yokohama 
 
 Nautical Miles 
 
 By Northwest Passage........... 6,900 
 By Suen: Cane ses ek A. 11,100 
 By Panemia Conary sess. 12,300 
 
 The vast improvement in naval architecture and in the 
 science of navigation since the discovery of the Passage in 
 1854 suggests that what was impossible then may not be 
 impossible now. Icebreakers of the Yermak type, directed 
 by wireless telegraphy and airships, might readily cleave a 
 path for a fleet of specially constructed vessels. The unique 
 trip might soon become the supreme ambition of every tour- 
 ist. Fortunately, at least three coal deposits are known to 
 exist along the 2000 miles from Cape Lisburne to Wilcox 
 Head, where icebreakers would be needed. This trade, too, 
 would mostly be British, and there would be a manifest ad- 
 vantage in having the. entire system, including the Green- 
 land ports, under Canadian management. 
 
 * * xX 
 
 But these immediate advantages to Canada would be in- 
 significant compared to the effect which the acquisition of 
 Greenland would have on the world at large. This aspect 
 
 “T am still of opinion it would have been happy for both sides if 
 it [his plan of colonial union, proposed in 1754] had been adopted 
 : The subsequent pretext for taxing America, and the bloody 
 contest it occasioned, would have been avoided. But such mistakes 
 are not new; history is full of the errors of states and princes. 
 Those who govern, having much business on their hands, do not 
 generally like to take the trouble of considering and carrying into 
 execution new projects. The best public measures are therefore 
 seldom adopted from previous wisdom, but forced by the occasion.” 
 —Benjamin Franklin’s autobiography. 
 
10 
 
 of the question was set forth by the present writer in the 
 Minneapolis Journal and the Seattle Times, January 10 and 
 17, 1909 (German translation “Deutschland und Dane- 
 mark,” Leipzig, Otto Wigand, April, 1909) ; Dansk-Ameri- 
 kaneren of New York, February 17, 1909; Canadian Maga- 
 zine, September, 1909; Le Courrier Européen, Paris, Novem- 
 ber 10, 1909, and September 25, 1911; and Quebec Chron- 
 icle, February 5 and 12, 1910, with preface by Prof. F. P. 
 Walton, Dean of the Faculty of Law, McGill University. 
 These articles were reviewed by Georg Brandes in “Politi- 
 ken,” of Copenhagen, December 17, 1911. 
 
 A subject which at first glance seems exclusively Canadian 
 thus becomes worldwide in scope. This must be the 
 author’s excuse for his seeming obtrusiveness in urging it on 
 the attention of Canadians. During the agitation first over 
 the navy bill and next over reciprocity, it was difficult to 
 gain a hearing for anything else. Now that both these ques- 
 tions are out of the way, Canadians may be willing to devote 
 some thought to a subject which—let it be frankly asserted— 
 is infinitely more important than either the navy bill or 
 reciprocity. 
 
 That Denmark would be glad to get rid of Greenland 
 can not be doubted, since that colony has for a long time 
 been to her a source not of profit but of expense. As the 
 price of it, however, the Danes would ask not a sum of money 
 but some other land, by means of which they might regain 
 what they prize most: their national unity. Bismarck and 
 other prominent Germans have declared that Germany stands 
 ready to restore to Denmark the Danish-speaking part of 
 
 RRR cates eg ee ae RET RE EO 5 
 
 “I am still of opinion it would have been happy for both sides if 
 it [his plan of colonial union, proposed in 1754] had been adopted 
 : The subsequent pretext for taxing America, and the bloody 
 contest it occasioned, would haye been avoided. But such mistakes 
 are not new; history is full of the errors of states and princes. 
 Those who govern, having much business on their hands, do not 
 generally like to take the trouble of considering and carrying into 
 execution new projects. The best public measures are therefore 
 seldom adopted from previous wisdom, but forced by the occasion,” 
 —Benjamin Franklin’s autobiography. 
 
Seton ae tbch un trseree eur Ree CEE een — a 6 
 sesh Sst Sttieseein Sot EWSES BIE esta He RR eR HTB Ee Wn Gi satire aig s Tip UU Sua Dae oR tis War et Srcb eh se) 
 
 i a on 
 iil te a 
 vi si 
 
 il eu oy 
 
 He ay 
 
 i 
 
 ttn ahit) 
 
 aA 
 ie Ml ni og 
 I 
 
 ye ce 
 
 = ms si f ee 
 =F 
 
 wisn {___\GERMAN SPEAKING 
 KR Qoanish SPEECH DYING 
 E3MAJORITY GERMAN SP. 
 PZZAMASORITY DANISH SP. 
 
 ([Joanish SPEAKING 
 
 Ei grasun SPEAKING 
 
 TOTAL DANISH-SPEAKING TERRITORY IN DENMARK AND 
 NORTH SCHLESWIG. 
 
12 
 
 Schleswig, if a suitable equivalent can be found. ie is 
 
 the only equivalent that would be acceptable, because Ger- 
 many, whose direst trouble is lack of land, can not afford to 
 surrender any territory except in exchange for a larger terri- 
 tory. Greenland is not suitable for that purpose, because 
 neither the United States nor Canada would allow it to pass 
 into the hands of another power. Thus the only practicable 
 plan is to exchange Greenland for some British colonies and 
 then offer those colonies to Germany in exchange for North 
 Schleswig. 
 
 At the writer’s request, a prominent gentleman in Copen- 
 hagen submitted this plan to leading men at the Danish 
 capital. The result of his inquiry was communicated in a 
 letter which says (in part) : 
 
 “Every Dane with a particle of national feeling would 
 hail the proposed exchange (Greenland for British colonies 
 and these for North Schleswig) as the ideal solution for Den- 
 mark. If this were practicable, it would be a source of in- 
 finite delight to our dear little country. You would earn the 
 gratitude of the entire Danish nation, from the King to the 
 humblest peasant. There is no need of creating a sentiment 
 in favor of the plan in Denmark, because everybody here 
 necessarily favors it.” 
 
 In view of the intimate relations between the British and 
 Danish nations and dynasties, it can not be doubted that 
 Britain would gladly aid Denmark in attaining her dearest 
 wish. Greenland, enjoying the triple security due to geog- 
 raphy, climate and the Monroe Doctrine, would need neither 
 
 naval nor military protection, and thus by acquiring it in 
 
 “T am still of opinion it would have been happy for both sides if 
 it [his plan of colonial union, proposed in 1754] had been adopted 
 : The subsequent pretext for taxing America, and the bloody 
 contest it occasioned, would have been avoided. But such mistakes 
 are not new; history is full of the errors of states and princes. 
 Those who govern. having much business on their hands, do not 
 generally like to take the trouble of considering and carrying into 
 execution new projects. The best public measures are therefore 
 Seldom adopted from previous wisdom, but forced by the occasion.” 
 —Benjamin Franklin’s autobiography. 
 
13 
 
 exchange for colonies that do need protection, the task of the 
 British army and navy would be simplified. The control of 
 the future station at Cape Farewell and of the approaches of 
 the Northwest Passage is of even greater interest to Britain 
 than to Canada. Most important of all, Britain has every 
 motive to stimulate the development of the Dominion into 
 a great nation, able to play a prominent part in assuring the 
 greatness and safety of the empire. For the benefit of the 
 British navy it is of special importance that Canada’s mari- 
 time interests be developed and her seafaring population 
 increased, 
 
 In brief, if Canada expresses a wish to own Greenland 
 Britain will gladly cede to Denmark, out of her super- 
 abundance, some bits of land that may be mutually deemed 
 equivalent. 
 
 * * 
 
 Now comes the feature that makes the subject so tre- 
 mendously important. The rivalry in naval armament be- 
 tween Britain and Germany arises from the belief, deeply 
 rooted in the minds of the Germans, that Britain is un- 
 alterably opposed to any further acquisition of territory by 
 Germany, and is trying to encircle her with hostile alliances. 
 The alleged groundlessness of that belief would be palpably 
 demonstrated if Britain ceded to Denmark certain colonies, 
 knowing beforehand that they would promptly be transferred 
 to Germany, thereby enabling Germany to become recon- 
 ciled to Denmark. When Germany finds that her vital 
 
 “IT am still of opinion it would have been happy for both sides if 
 it [his plan of colonial union, proposed in 1754] had been adopted 
 The subsequent pretext for taxing America, and the bloody 
 contest it occasioned, would have been avoided. But such mistakes 
 are not new; history is full of the errors of states and princes. 
 Those who govern, having much business on their hands, do not 
 generally like to take the trouble of considering and carrying into 
 execution new projects. The best public measures are therefore 
 seldom adopted from previous wisdom, but forced by the occasion.” 
 —Benjamin Franklin’s autobiography. 
 
14 
 
 need—more land—is recognized by Britain, she in turn will 
 be more apt to recognize Britain’s vital need—naval suprem- 
 acy. The improved goodwill, with the aid of Danish media- 
 tion, might readily ripen into the agreement suggested by 
 the wisest man in England, Sir Harry H. Johnston, in the 
 Nineteenth Century for December, 1910, providing for a 
 limitation of armaments on the basis of British naval suprem- 
 acy, Britain in return pledging her aid to Germany in ac- 
 quiring such lands as may hereafter be on the market, 
 which, as the clearsighted Sir Harry points out, would in 
 German hands be actually more useful to Britain than in her 
 own. The Australians, for example, who for a time ob- 
 jected violently to the German invasion of the Pacific, have 
 long since found out that Germany in New Guinea is a volun- 
 teer outpost, adding to the security of White Australia 
 without burdening its budget. In the Pacific, the British 
 and German navies are by sheer necessity virtual allies, 
 
 To her future navy, Canada is preparing to devote a sum 
 which would build hundreds of miles of railways and canals, 
 scores of bridges, docks and breakwaters, and thus vastly 
 increase her wealth-creating power. An Anglo-German 
 agreement for a limitation of armaments would render the 
 imprisonment of that sum unnecessary and leave it available 
 for productive use. 
 
 Now that Irish home rule is assured, the Irish-Americans 
 will naturally favor the political union of Britain and the 
 United States in a Celtanglian Federation, because it would 
 
 also mean union with Ireland. Anglo-German  recon- 
 
 “I am still of opinion it would have been happy for both sides if 
 
 it [his plan of colonial union, proposed in 1754] had been adopted 
 The subsequent pretext for taxing America, and the bloody 
 
 contest it occasioned, would have been avoided. But such mistakes 
 are not new; history is full of the errors of states and princes. 
 Those who govern, having much business on their hands, do not 
 generally like to take the trouble of considering and carrying into 
 execution new projects. The best public measures are therefore 
 Seldom adopted from previous wisdom, but forced by the oceasion,” 
 —Benjamin Franklin’s autobiography. 
 
15 
 
 ciliation would remove the most serious remaining obstacle: 
 the opposition of the German-Americans. That vast body of 
 voters, superbly organized in the National German-American 
 Alliance, is opposed to closer relations between the United 
 States and Britain, unless the relations between the United 
 States and Germany shall be equally close. Whatever be the 
 motives of this attitude, its effect is beneficial, because it is a 
 constant admonition to those two kindred nations, Britain 
 and Germany, to return to their “historic alliance” and grasp 
 the immense benefits which it would offer to both. If this 
 came to pass, the German-Americans would at once become 
 the foremost advocates of Anglo-American reunion, because 
 it would also mean reunion with the Fatherland, lending 
 to it the immense advantage of America’s support and sup- 
 plying to Britain a powerful motive to fulfil the essential 
 condition requisite to the maintenance of the Anglo-German 
 alliance. Anglo-German reunion—after 1,400 years of sep- 
 aration—thus appears to be the indispensable prerequisite to 
 Anglo-American reunion. And of course, as the wisest man 
 in England observes, neither nation can be expected to come 
 to terms with the other except for its own profit. 
 
 Dangers of the gravest kind threaten the British empire 
 at this moment in India, Egypt and South Africa. They 
 would instantly be dissipated through the accession of the 
 defensive strength of America’s 100 millions and _ their 
 enormous resources. With her empire thus forever secure, 
 Britain would no longer have any motive to oppose Ger- 
 many’s territorial expansion, but every motive to favor it. 
 
 “T am still of opinion it would have been happy for both sides if 
 it [his plan of colonial union, proposed in 1754] had been adopted 
 The subsequent pretext for taxing America, and the bloody 
 contest it occasioned, would have been avoided. But such mistakes 
 are not new; history is full of the errors of states and princes. 
 Those who govern, having much business on their hands, do not 
 generally like to take the trouble of considering and carrying into 
 execution new projects. The best public measures are therefore 
 seldom adopted from previous wisdom, but forced by the occasion.” 
 —Benjamin Franklin’s autobiography. 
 
16 
 
 The precedent of an Anglo-German agreement would 
 inevitably lead, through the force of example and through 
 British mediation, to the Franco-German agreement persist- 
 ently urged by the wisest man in England, to wit, the restitu- 
 tion of the French-speaking part of Alsace-Lorraine to France 
 in exchange for a French colony, a compromise which the 
 clearest thinkers in France and Germany long ago declared 
 to be the most equitable (see map). 
 
 Thus the four strongest, most humane and enlightened 
 powers, best prepared by identity of ideals to trust one an- 
 other, would be so closely linked by mutual goodwill and 
 common interest that their armies and navies would virtually 
 coalesce into that world-commanding International Executive 
 Power which Mr. Carnegie and Colonel Roosevelt regard as 
 the indispensable condition to permanent universal peace, 
 Canada could then solve her immigration problem without 
 fear of embarrassing the Mother Country. 
 
 An alliance of two or three out of the four nations would 
 indeed be “entangling ;” but an alliance of all four, far from 
 creating new embarrassments for them, would disentangle 
 them from the present embarrassments. Whoever ponders 
 over this fact and over the incalculable benefits which each 
 of the four nations would gain by union with the others can 
 hardly refrain from applying the harsh epithet of traitor to 
 those peculiar patriots who dogmatize about “entangling 
 alliances.” It is enough to make the sagacious Father of his 
 Country groan in his grave to hear the perpetual parrot- 
 like repetition of a phrase which represented the highest 
 
 “T am still of opinion it would have been happy for both sides if 
 it [his plan of colonial union, proposed in 1754] had been adopted 
 - + . The subsequent pretext for taxing America, and the bloody 
 contest it occasioned, would have been avoided. But such mistakes 
 are not new; history is full of the errors of states and princes. 
 Those who govern, having much business on their hands, do not 
 generally like to take the trouble of considering and carrying into 
 execution new projects. The best public measures are therefore 
 seldom adopted from previous wisdom, but forced by the occasion,” 
 —Benjamin Franklin’s autobiography, 
 
17 
 
 : ©Luxe cr. 
 (LUXEMBUR e 
 
 w 
 
 ww 
 W.ECKHAROT, JR-O7 
 
 24 
 
 ALSACE —-LORRAINE 
 
 G,604 SQUARE MILES) 
 
 Dark shade French- speaking , light shade German- spe aking 
 
18 
 
 wisdom at the end of the 18th century, when freedom was at 
 stake, but the most pernicious folly at the beginning of the 
 20th, when union for the defense of their highest interests 
 is ‘the foremost duty of the free. Verily, the earth, a mere 
 grain of sand in the solar system, a mere speck of dust in the 
 universe, is small enough to be any man’s country. Narrow 
 must be the heart for which the infinitesimal is still too large. 
 The thinking man’s allegiance is due not to a small bit of the 
 earth’s crust, but to the highest types of humanity. “Vélker 
 ELuropas, wahret eure héchsten Giiter!” 
 
 Science cures ills by ascertaining their causes and de- 
 vising means for the removal of these causes. A science of 
 peace is urgently needed. When a man has driven a splinter 
 into his flesh, it would be very unscientific to be content with 
 soothing lotions; the only effective remedy is to draw out 
 the splinter. To preach international goodwill and yet 
 leave the causes of international illwill untouched is not 
 scientific, 
 
 cae Sameaee 
 
 “History is full of the errors of states and princes. Those 
 who govern, having much business on their hands, do not 
 generally like to take the trouble of considering and carry- 
 ing into execution new projects. The best public measures 
 are therefore seldom adopted from previous wisdom, but 
 forced by the occasion.” Thus wrote Benjamin Franklin, 
 commenting on the reception accorded by British statesmen 
 and American legislative assemblies to his plan of colonial 
 
 see am still of opinion it would have been happy for both sides if 
 it [his plan of colonial union, proposed in 1754] had been adopted 
 ‘ The subsequent pretext for taxing America, and the bloody 
 contest it occasioned, would“ have been avoided. But such mistakes 
 are not new; history is full of the errors of states and princes. 
 Those who govern, having much business on their hands, do not 
 generally like to take the trouble of considering and carrying into 
 execution new projects. The best public measures are therefore 
 seldom adopted from previous wisdom, but forced by the occasion.” 
 —Benjamin Franklin’s autobiography. 
 
19 
 
 union which, in his opinion, would have prevented the dis- 
 ruption of the British nation into two fragments. If the 
 reunion of the two fragments is the supreme interest of 
 the world, it would certainly seem worth while for those who 
 govern to take the trouble of considering whether any busi- 
 ness now on their hands can be more important than a 
 measure which promises to remove the obstacles to reunion. 
 
 Icebreakers are needed all over the earth, to release na- 
 tions hemmed in by frozen seas of senseless habits. A vigor- 
 ous shock at the right spot may cause these stubborn crusts 
 to crack in all directions. Fortune offers to Canada at this 
 moment the gift of an icebreaker to accomplish a double 
 task: to smash the paleocrystic floes that bar the approaches 
 to the Arctic archipelago, and to shatter the neocrystic ice of 
 distrust which during the last 20 years has formed between 
 England and her mother Germany, as well as the 138-year- 
 old ice of habit which makes England and her daughter 
 technically foreign nations to each other. That icebreaker 
 comes in the guise of a resolution to be introduced in the 
 Canadian Parliament: 
 
 “RESOLVED, That the Government be requested to ascertain 
 whether and under what conditions Greenland may be ac- 
 quired by Canada.” 
 
 If the arguments here advanced are sound, the mere vote 
 of “Aye,” without any further effort on the part of 
 Canadians, would inevitably result in a “Greater Canada,” 
 through the addition of Greenland. It would probably lead 
 also to the acquisition of Newfoundland, to Danish-German, 
 
 “T am still of opinion it would have been happy for both sides if 
 it [his plan of colonial union, proposed in 1754] had been adopted 
 : The subsequent pretext for taxing America, and the bloody 
 contest it occasioned, would have been avoided. But such mistakes 
 are not new; history is full of the errors of states and princes. 
 Those who govern, having much business on their hands, do not 
 generally like to take the trouble of considering and carrying into 
 execution new projects. The best public measures are therefore 
 seldom adopted from previous wisdom, but forced by the occasion,” 
 —Benjamin Franklin’s autobiography. 
 
20 
 
 Anglo-German, Franco-German reconciliation, to Anglo- 
 American reunion, to the absolute security of the British 
 empire, and, most important of all, to permanent universal 
 “peace with righteousness.” The world’s fate is in Canada’s 
 hands. The resolution would be the key to a new era, 
 marked by the consolidation of the civilized nations into a 
 great community, with Canada as the honored leader. 
 
 That key lies ready for any Canadian statesman to grasp 
 and make himself the foremost man of his time. 
 
 Wasuineron, D. C., March 9, 1914. 
 
 “I am still of opinion it would have been happy for both sides if 
 it [his plan of colonial union, proposed in 1754] had been adopted 
 The subsequent pretext for taxing America, and the bloody 
 contest it occasioned, would have been avoided. But such mistakes 
 are not new; history is full of the errors of states and princes. 
 Those who govern, having much business on their hands, do not 
 generally like to take the trouble of considering and carrying into 
 execution new projects. The best public measures are therefore 
 seldom adopted from previous wisdom, but forced by the occasion.” 
 —Benjamin Franklin’s autobiography. 
 
 [24049] 
 
Ser a ea 
 
 574 
 
 SQUARE MILES 
 3,745 
 
 W7 On 
 
 DEFT? 
 CLT FH 
 
 HALAL 
 (2 Ta 
 
 Sri 1 
 
 Poli 
 
 ag 
 = C 
 eee On 
 
 NEWFOUNDLAND AND LABRADOR 
 
 PRESENT AREA OF CANADA 
 GREENLAND. 
 
 GREATER CANADA 
 — 
 =e 
 
EET RE ES Re EE Rare Maen ES — 
 
 een 
 
 LIE RN gins BO he 
 
St 
 
 Poy Tietot San SION DAIS HED 
 
RAT BEA ISNA ELAS TH UY