'Is 
 

/ 
 
 m 
 
 A 
 
 P LAN 
 
 For Eftablifliing the 
 
 GENERAL PEACE 
 
 OF 
 
 EUROPE 
 
 Upon Honourable Terms to 
 
 GREAT BRITAIN. 
 
 By Mr. B R E C K N O C K. 
 
 Ha TiM erunt Artes. 
 
 
 LONDON: 
 
 Printed for R. Baldwin, at the Rofs in 
 Pater-’NoJier-Rviv. M DCCLIX. 
 
( 5 ) 
 
 A 
 
 PLAN 
 
 FORA 
 
 GENERAL PEACE. 
 
 T H E French King, with all 
 convenient Speed, to with- 
 draw his Forces from Canada^ and 
 from up the 'Rxwqv and 
 
 thefe Countries fo evacuated, to be 
 delivered up a nd confirmed to the 
 B King 
 
( 6 ) 
 
 King of Grea^ Britain and his Sue- 
 ceflbrs. 
 
 For the ipecific and ready Per- 
 formance of the above Article, the 
 Court of France fhall admit a Bri~, 
 tijh Garrilbn into the Port, Har- 
 bour, and Town of Brejl^ fuffici- 
 ent, from Time to Time, to de- 
 fend the fame ; and the faid Gar- 
 rifon fhall be fubiifted at the Ex- 
 pence of the Court of France^ at 
 the Rate, and upon the Footing, 
 of Britijh Forces. 
 
 And whereas, to fupport this 
 War with France^ the Britip Na- 
 tion hath incurred ^a Debt of 
 
 30,000,0001. 
 
 
 
( 7 ) 
 
 30 , 000 , 000 1 . fterling, his Britip 
 Majefty therefore infifts, that his 
 Subjeds ihall be reimbiirfed the 
 Treafure they have fo chearfully 
 advanced. And whereas • it is no- 
 torious to Europe f that the French 
 
 King is utterly unable to anfwer fo 
 great a Demand, it is therefore 
 propofed, that Commiflaries, on 
 the Part of Great Britain^ {hall be 
 immediately fent over to the feve- 
 ral Ports and Dock-yards of France, 
 who, together with Commiffaries 
 appointed by the French Court, 
 
 ' {hall make a fair and juft Eftimate 
 of all the Fi-ench Line of Battle 
 Ships, with their proper Cannon 
 and other naval Stores, and the real 
 B 2 Value 
 
( 8 ) 
 
 Value of them fo afcertained ; and 
 the Ships, with their proper Can- 
 non, Riggii^S» other naval 
 
 Stores, delivered up to the Britifi 
 Commiflaries in the Name of the 
 King of Great Britain^ fhall be 
 taken and allowed in part of Pay- 
 ment of the 30,000,000!. fterling 
 above-mentioned, to all Intents and 
 Purpofes, as if the fame had been 
 adually paid in Specie. 
 
 As for the remaining Part of the 
 30,000,000!. fterling, not latisfied 
 nor paid by this Expedient, the 
 French King {hall hypothecate to 
 his Majefty of Great Britain^ all 
 fuch Funds as are at prefent appro- 
 
( 9 ) 
 
 priated for the Eftablifliment and 
 Payment of the French Marine, or 
 at lead fuch Part of the faid Funds, 
 as (hall be fufficient to difcharge 
 the Remainder of the 30,000,000!. 
 fterling, within the Space of ten 
 Years at far theft. 
 
 The French King, at his own 
 Expence, ftiall diredily block up 
 and deftroy the Harbour of Dun- 
 kirk, and demolifti its Forts and 
 Fortifications in fo effediuai a Man- 
 ner, as this Article may never be 
 defeated or eluded by the Erecftion 
 of any future Forts, Harbour, or 
 Fortifications near the fame Place, 
 or which, though at a great Dif- 
 
 tance 
 
( *o ) 
 
 tance from the fame Place, may be 
 conftrued to anfwer the fame End 
 and Purpofe. 
 
 In tender Confideration of thefe 
 Advances made by the French 
 King towards eftablifhing the 
 Peace of Europe on a folid and 
 permanent Foundation, his Ma- 
 jefty of Great Britain^ on his Part, 
 ftipulates to reftore to the French 
 King all the valuable and impor- 
 tant Conquefts which the BritiJfj 
 Forces have made in Africuy 
 znd America ; his Majefty of Great 
 Britain I ike wife ftipulates to gua- 
 rantee the fame and all other Do- 
 minions belonging to the French 
 
 King, 
 
{ ” ) 
 
 King, whether in Europe^ Afia^ 
 Africa^ or America^ to the utmoft 
 Exertion of his military and naval 
 Power. 
 
 Provided neverthelefs, and the 
 French King exprefsly declares, that 
 at the Expiration of ten Years, or 
 other fooner Determination, (that 
 is to fay, when the Remainder of 
 the 30,000,0001. fterling fhall be 
 previoufly paid or otherwife fatif- 
 fied) the Britijh Forces in Garri- 
 Ibn at Brejl^ have full Power and 
 abfolute Authority to difmantle, 
 dcmolifh, deftroy, and utterly eraze 
 the Walls, Forts, Fortifications, 
 •Batteries, Out-works, Port, Har- 
 bour, 
 
( 12 ) 
 
 bour, and Dock-yard and 
 
 all the Forts, Fortifications, and 
 Batteries ereded on any of the ad- 
 jacent Ifiands, particularly on the 
 Hies of Aixy Rheey Olerony and Bell- 
 ijle ; and the French King farther 
 declares, that it is not his Meaning 
 or Intent to defeat or elude this 
 provifional Article, by eredling any 
 future Harbour, Port, Dock-yard, 
 Fort, Fortrefles, Batteries, or other 
 Out-vvorks whatever at Brefiy or 
 at any of the adjacent Ifiands, or 
 near the fame, or which, thoucrh 
 at a great Diftance from the fame, 
 may be conftrued to anfwer the 
 lame Ends and fimilar Purpoles. 
 And the French King farther fti- 
 
 3 pulates, 
 
( '3 ) 
 
 pulates, that on this Britijh Garri- 
 fon evacuating the Town and 
 Harbour of Brejl, the French 
 Troops, now at Mahon^ fhall deli- 
 ver up that Fortrefs, and the whole 
 Ifland of Minorca^ to the King of 
 Great Britain^ with all the Forti- 
 fications, in as good Condition as 
 they are at prefent. 
 
 With refpeft to the other bel- 
 ligerant Powers invited to accede 
 to this Treaty of Convention, it is 
 
 I. 
 
 That his Britijh Majefty, the 
 Emprefs Queen, the French King, 
 C 
 
f i4 ) 
 
 King of Poland, King of PruJJla, 
 and the Landgrave of Helfe, fhall 
 guarantee the Succeflion of the 
 Crown of all the RuJJtas in the Per- 
 Ion and Family of Charles Peter 
 Ulric, already declared Grand Duke 
 of Rujfta, and Heir apparent of the 
 Empire. 
 
 II. 
 
 His Majefty of Great Britain, 
 the French King, the Czarina, the 
 King of Poland, the King of PruJ- 
 fta, and the Landgrave of Hejfe, 
 (hall guarantee *to the Emprels 
 Queen all the Dominions and 
 Eftates her IVfajefty now holds in 
 
 Germany, 
 
( IS ) 
 
 Germany^ Hungary^ Italy, the Low 
 Countries, or elfewhere. 
 
 III. 
 
 His Majefty of Great Britain^ 
 the Emprefs Queen, the French 
 King, the Czarina, the King of 
 Prujfta, and the Landgrave of Hejfe, 
 guarantee to the King of Poland the 
 hereditary Succeflion of the Crown 
 of Poland in the Family of his pre- 
 lent Polijh Majefty, his Polijh Majefty 
 ceding his electoral Dominions, Ti- 
 tles and Eftates in Germany, in Man- 
 ner hereafter mentioned ; that is to 
 fay, all his elecfloral Dominions, Ti- 
 tles and Eftates in Germany Weft of 
 the River Elbe, and two Miles Eaft 
 of the faid River, to the Elcdor of 
 
 C 2 Hano- 
 
( > 6 ) 
 
 Hanover and his Succeflors ; and 
 all his other eledloral Dominions 
 and Eftates two Miles Eaft of the 
 River Elbe^ to his^ Prujfian Ma- 
 jefty and his Succeflbrs. The faid 
 Guarantees to this Article farther 
 flipulate to guarantee to the Polijh 
 Nobility, all their prefent Liber- 
 ties, Privileges, and Immunities, 
 particularly their Crown Capitula- 
 tion, or PaSia Conventa, 
 
 His Majefty of Great Britain^ 
 the Emprefs Queen, the French 
 King, the Czarina, King of Poland^ 
 and Landgrave of Hejjfe^ guarantee 
 to the King of Prujfia and his Suc- 
 cefibrs, all the eledloral Dominions 
 
 IV. 
 
 and 
 
( I? ) 
 
 land other Eftates of the Houfe of 
 Saxony two Miles Eaft of the River 
 Elbe. The faid Guarantees farther 
 ftipulate to reduce all that Coun- 
 try called Swedijh Pomerania^ (ex- 
 cepting the fmall Ifland of Rugen^ 
 with its Dependances, which are to 
 be ceded and guaranteed to the 
 King of Great Britain and his Suc- 
 ceflbrs) to PruJJian Subjedion, ei- 
 ther by Treaty, Purchafe, or other- 
 wile ; his Prujftan Majefty, on his 
 Part, ceding to the Landgrave of 
 Hejfe^ and his Succeflbrs, all the 
 Territory of Silejia and the County 
 of GlatZy and farther ceding to the 
 Eleftor of Hancwer and his Suc- 
 celTors, all his Dominions, Terri- 
 tories and Eftates Weft of the Ri- 
 
 ver 
 
( >8 ) 
 
 vcr Elhey and one EngUJh Mile 
 Eaft of the lame River, wherelb- 
 ever fituate or dilperled, and held 
 by his Prujftan Majelly in Sove- 
 reignty, in Fief, by Treaty, Titu- 
 larity, in Polledlon, Reverfion, or 
 otherwife. The Elector of Ha- 
 nover ftipulating, on his Part, to 
 pay to the King of Prujftay or his 
 Succellbrs, the Sum of 2 00,000 1 , 
 for lix lucceeding Years by way of 
 Equivalent, and totally exonera- 
 ting fuch Part of the Saxon elec- 
 toral Territories, Eftates,. and Re- 
 venues, as lye two EngUJh Miles 
 Eaft of the River Elbe^ from any 
 Claim or Demand the Elector of 
 Hanwer may have on the fame by 
 
 Virtue 
 
( 19 ) 
 
 Virtue of a Mortgage not yet fa^ 
 tisfied or releafed, and by which it 
 appears, that the Elector of Saxony 
 hypothecated certain of his Eftates 
 and Revenues for the Payment of 
 the Intereft of one Million fterling 
 advanced by the Eledor of Ha- 
 nover, 
 
 V. 
 
 His Majefty of Great Britainy 
 Emprefs Queen, Czarina, King of 
 Polandy and King of PruJJtay gua- 
 rantee to the Landgrave of Hejfe 
 and Succellorsj all the Territory 
 of Silefia and the County oiGlatZy 
 and farther undertake to raife him to 
 the eledoral Dignity, by the Style 
 
 and 
 

 ( 20 ) 
 
 and Title of Ele£tor of Hejfe-w 
 Saxony i and Arch-T*reafurer of the 
 Holy Roman Empire ; which great 
 OlEce the Eledor of Hanover 
 undertakes to cede to, and have 
 confirmed in, the Perfon of the 
 Landgrave and his Family; the 
 Landgrave, on his Part, ftipulating 
 to cede to the Elector of Hanover 
 all the Landgraviate of Hejfe Cajfely 
 the County of Hanauy and his 
 other Eftates Weft of the River 
 Elbe ; as a farther Equivalent for 
 which ceflion, the Elector of Hano- 
 ver ftipulates to pay the now Land- 
 grave of Hejfe 1 00,000 1 . per an- 
 num for fix Years certain. 
 
 VI. 
 
C 21 ) 
 
 VI. 
 
 The French King, the Czarinatj 
 the King of P oland^ the King of 
 Pruffia>y and the n<yw Landgrave of 
 Hejfe^ undertake that the Emprefs 
 of Germany fhall transfer the high 
 Office of Grand h/larjhall^ and the 
 high Title of Head of the Evan-^ 
 gelical Bodyy from the now Eledlor 
 of Saxony y to the Eledlor of Hano- 
 ver ; the Eledor of Hanover y on 
 his Part, ceding the high Office of 
 Arch-Treafurer to the now Land- 
 grave of Hejfe, 
 
 ReJieSHons on this PLAN. 
 
 Great Britain entered into this 
 prefent War with two Views ; the 
 
 D one, 
 
( 22 ) 
 
 one, to afcertain the Boundaries of 
 JVbr/6 America', the other, to re- 
 duce the maritime Power of France, 
 which began to be a Terror to all 
 Europe. Both thefe Points are 
 gained -, the Boundaries and Safety 
 of North America are ejffed:ua]ly 
 afcertained, and the Naval Force 
 of France no longer threatens the 
 Deftrudlion of Europe. 
 
 \ 
 
 France, by having vaflly over- 
 ftrained her Power, has reduced 
 her Finances to fo low an Ebb, 
 
 that flie has no way of recruiting 
 them, but by reforming one half 
 of her Military, and totally ftrik- 
 ing off her naval Expences, and 
 
 endea- 
 
( 23 ) 
 
 endeavouring to recover her Ame- 
 rican^ African^ and AJiatick Com- 
 merce ; all which great Benefits 
 and Bleflings this Plan propofes. 
 
 As to the Houfe of Atiflria^ it 
 is a known Fa(5l that her Preten- 
 fions to Silejia are very {lender, not 
 to fay wholly unjuftifiable. But 
 the Proximity of that dangerous 
 Neighbour the King of Prujfta, 
 made the Emprefs Queen willing 
 to wreft fo great an Acquifition 
 from the Prujftan Monarch at all 
 Events. By this Plan here pro- 
 pofed, the Proximity of the King 
 of Prujfta is intercepted, and the 
 Territories of Silejia and Glatz put 
 D 2 under 
 
( H ) 
 
 under the Subjedion of a Sovereign 
 who can neither give Umbrage to 
 the King of Prujfia^ nor Jealoufy 
 to the Emprefs Queen. 
 
 The Czarina is herfelf perfon- 
 ally implied in the Guarantee of 
 the Succeflion of the RuJJian Do- 
 minions in the Family of the Grand 
 Duke. Perhaps this was the only 
 Caufe that induced her Rujpan Ma- 
 jefty into the Alliance with the 
 Emprefs Queen, France, and the 
 King of Pola7td, For her Enmity, 
 if any fhc has againft the King of 
 Prufta, muft vanilh the Moment 
 that Monarch becomes a Guaran- 
 tee to her Imperial Majefty, Xhe 
 
 Plan 
 
( 25 ) 
 
 vrr;*,« . 
 
 Plan before us, has every one of 
 thefe great Objeds diftindly in 
 View. 
 
 The King of Polandy from the 
 Situation and Weaknefs of his elec- 
 toral Dominions, was always liable 
 to be a Prey and a Prifoner to the 
 King oi PrujUta, By the Plan here 
 propoled, he is honourably extri- 
 cated from fo difagreeable a Situa- 
 tion, and his Crown, which was 
 merely elective before, is made he- 
 reditary in his Family. 
 
 The King of Prujfta may, in- 
 deed, with fome Reluctance, cede 
 the whole Territory oi Silefm^ and 
 the County of Glatz, to the Land- 
 grave j 
 
- ( 26 ) 
 
 grave; but he will, on mature 
 Ponderation, refled:, that the Houfe 
 of Aujlria would never have per- 
 mitted him long to enjoy the peace- 
 able Poflejflion of thofe Dominions, 
 and that the Alternative were much 
 more agreeable to his Prujfian Ma- 
 jefty’s Intereft that they fhould be 
 under the Subjedion of the Land- 
 grave of Hejfe^ than under the Do- 
 minion of the Emprefs Queen. 
 Again, as to his Prujftan Majefl- 
 ty’s ceding ail his Territories, Ti- 
 tles, Claims, and Eftates lying Weft 
 of the River Elbe^ and alfo two 
 Miles Eaft of the fame River, cer- 
 tainly his Majefty has no Reafon to 
 complain, lince by adding all the 
 
 Saxon 
 
( 27 ) 
 
 Saxon eledoral Dominions and o~ 
 ther Eftates within two Miles Eaft 
 of the River making alfo the 
 farther Acquihtion of all the Swe- 
 dipj Pomerania^ excepting the hnall 
 llland of Rugen with its Depen- 
 dencies, his Majefty not only gains 
 a greater Territory, but a Terri- 
 tory likewife that is wholly com- 
 padf, and conlequently renders him 
 more refpedlable : Yet as if thele 
 Terms might not be deemed an 
 Equivalent, his Majefty will re- 
 ceive, for fix Years certain, the an- 
 nual Sum of 200,000 1 . agreeable 
 to the Purport of my Plan. 
 
 With relpe£t to the Landgrave 
 of Hejfe^ he will not only exchange 
 
 a fmall 
 
( 28 ) 
 
 a fmall precarious Territory for 
 one much larger and much more 
 fecure, but be inverted with the 
 eledoral Dignity and high OlEce 
 of Arch-Treafurer ; fo that in 
 every Refped: his Condition will 
 be much better’d, and conlequent- 
 ly will have no Obiedion to this 
 Plan. 
 
 Lastly, the Eledor of Ham-- 
 ver having, in confequence of this 
 Plan of Partition, the whole elec- 
 toral Territories, Titles, Claims, and 
 Ertates of the Houle of Saxony 
 Wert of the River Elbe, and two 
 Miles Eart of the lame River ; like- 
 wife the whole eledoral Territo- 
 
( 29 ) 
 
 ries, Titles, Claims and Eftates of 
 the Houle of ^randenburgh Weft 
 of the River Klbe^ and two Miles 
 Eaft of the lame, in conjun£lion 
 allb with the Territories of Hejfe 
 Cajfely the County of Hanau^ and 
 other Eftates belonging to the 
 Landgrave of Heffe Weft of the 
 River E,lbe ; the Elector of Hano~ 
 ‘Ver.f I lay, will become as power- 
 ful a Potentate as any in Germany y 
 and be a proper Balance between 
 the two great Houfes of Auflria and 
 PruJJia. The Proteftant Intereft in 
 Germany will be greatly benefited 
 by this Accellion of Strength to 
 the Houle of Hanover ; for the 
 Hanoverian Eledior being appoint- 
 
 E edi 
 
( 30 ) 
 
 ed Head of the Evangelic Body in 
 the Place of the prefent King of 
 Poland^ the proteftant Members 
 will have a proteftant Head to 
 condudt their religious Aftairs, 
 whereas at prefent they are con- 
 ducted by a Roman Catholic 
 in the Perfon of the King of 
 Poland, And farther, the EleCtor 
 of Hanover having, as I propofe, 
 the Ofiice of Grand Marfhal, the 
 Proteftants, on the Demife of their 
 Emperor, will have a Proteftant 
 Vicar of the Empire ; whereas at 
 prefent both the Vicars are Roma?t 
 Catholics^ which certainly is by no 
 Means a reafonable Diftribution of 
 Power, but rather favouring of re- 
 ligious 
 
( 31 ) 
 
 ligious Defpotifm and Tyranny^, 
 and calls aloud for immediate Re- 
 drefs. 
 
 The Houfe of Hanover being 
 thus aggrandifed, will be of lingU' 
 lar Advantage to the Eledor Pala- 
 tine^ the three ecclehaftical Elec- 
 tors, and all the German Princes 
 and lefler Sovereigns bordering on 
 the Rhine and Mofelle ; fince they 
 will be freed from thofe mortifying 
 and humiliating Demands, or ra- 
 ther Commands, fo frequently 
 made by the French Court for her 
 Troops to have a free Paflage thro’ 
 their refpedlive Dominions : De- 
 mands equally dangerous to grant 
 
 E 2 
 
 or 
 
{ 32 ) 
 
 or to refufe ; Demands to which 
 their Dominions will fcarcely ever 
 be expofed hereafter, lince the 
 Freitch King will be more follici- 
 tous to maintain bis own Territo- 
 ries in Germany^ than defirous of 
 encroaching on the Territories of 
 the neighbouring Princes. 
 
 The Aggrandilemcnt of the 
 Houfe of Hanover^ will likewife 
 apparently coincide with the true. 
 InterefI: of the Seven United Pro- 
 vinces : For had the French Forces 
 conquered the eledoral Dominions 
 of Han<yuer^ the Dutchies of Ckves 
 and Upper Guelderland^ together 
 with the Territory of Eaft Frieze- 
 
 J land^ 
 
( 33 ) 
 
 land-t as moft glaringly was their 
 Intention, the Eftates of the Unit- 
 ed Provinces muft neceffarily, and 
 in a very fhort Time, have fallen a 
 Sacrifice to the enormous Ambi- 
 tion of the Houfe of Bourbon^ and 
 become a Province of France, 
 
 Lastly, the Aggrandifement of 
 the Houfe of Hanover in Ger^ 
 many^ will be a Meafure greatly 
 advantageous to the Kingdom of 
 Great Britain. For that Eledo- 
 rate only became chargeable and 
 expenfive to Great Britain.^ by rea- 
 fon that its Territories were too 
 fmall, or too much difperfed, and 
 
 by reafon alio that it could not, of 
 
 itfelf, 
 
( 34 ) 
 
 itfelf, maintain a fufEcient Force 
 to reEft the continual IncurEons 
 and implacable Hatred of the Houfe 
 of Bourbon. Happily all thefe 
 Evils are removed by the Plan here 
 propofed, the Elector being by thefe 
 Meafures enabled to keep up an 
 Army in Time of Peace of Efty 
 Thoufand ftrong, . and double that 
 Number in Time of War ; fo that 
 this Eledlorate will never more be 
 in the dilagreeable Situation of alk- 
 ing AEiftance E'om Great Britain. 
 
 Methods to enforce this PLAN. 
 
 The King of Great Britain^ juft 
 and reafonable in all his Traiifac- 
 tions, chufes rather to enforce thefe 
 
 Terms 
 
 
( 35 ) 
 
 Terms of Peace by gentle Means, 
 than by open Force. How necef- 
 fary and how advantageous a Mea- 
 fure it is for all the Belligerant 
 Powers to accede to thefe Propofals, 
 will appear from the following 
 Confiderations. 
 
 With re{pe<El to France ^ was 
 ' (he to refufe acceding to this Trea- 
 ty, the King of Great Britain^ by 
 continuing to diveft her of her lu- 
 crative Colonies and Settlements, 
 by continuing to ruin her Com- 
 merce, and deftroying her naval 
 Force, might, in a few Months, 
 render her Poverty and Debility fo 
 vifible to his Sardinian Majefty, 
 
 that 
 
( S6 ) 
 
 that that Monarch would want no 
 great Inducements to perfwade him 
 to augment his Dominions at the 
 Expence of Prance. Probably a 
 bare Promife from his Britijh 
 Majefty to guarantee to the King 
 of Sardinia and his Succeflbrs fuch 
 Provinces as he (hall conquer from 
 France, might be an Argument 
 powerful enough to prevail on that 
 Monarch to begin Hoftilities in fo 
 elFedual a Manner, as to convince 
 the Court of France that his Sar-> 
 dinian Majefty can relent at a pro- 
 per Opportunity, and has not for- 
 got the Infult offered to his Domi- 
 nions, by forcibly refcuing out of 
 them a Subjedt of France, contrary 
 
( 37 ) 
 
 to the knowji Laws of all civilized 
 Nations. 
 
 With refpe£l to the Emprefs 
 Queen, the moft effedual and the 
 moft expeditious Method to con- 
 vince the Court of Vienna that it 
 was her Intereft to accede to this 
 Treaty, would be diredly (on a 
 Refufal to fubfcribe to it) to fend 
 half a Dozen Ships of the Line, 
 with ten or twelve thouland Tran- 
 fports, to lay fiege to the Town of 
 Leghorn, and other Parts of the 
 Grand Duke of T*ufcany\ Domi- 
 nions. An Attack fo unexpeded, 
 would occalion a fudden and pow- 
 erful Diverfion from the main Body 
 
 F of 
 
( 38 .) 
 
 of the Emprefs Queen’s Army, and 
 inftantly flop up one of the prin- 
 cipal Sources from which the Court 
 of Vienna regularly draws fuch 
 large Supplies in Money, amount- 
 ing annually to more than half a 
 Million fterling. d he Acquifition 
 of fo fine a Country, and fo conve- 
 nient a Port, were an Objea highly 
 worthy the Attention of the Bri- 
 tijh Miniftry, more efpecially as we 
 have not, fince the Lofs of Af/- 
 norca^ any one Port in the Medi- 
 terranean for the Protedion of our 
 Levafitine Trade ; nor is the Con- 
 queft of Leghorn either fo difficult 
 or fo diftant, as at firfl: Sight it may 
 appear to be. Probably the Flo- 
 rentines 
 
F 
 
 ,( 39 ) 
 
 Tentines tliemfelves, who are not 
 yet thoroughly habituated to the 
 German Yoke, would voluntarily 
 and readily yield up the City of 
 Leghorn and its Port to the BritiJlD 
 Flag, provided the King of Great 
 Britain would eredl the reft of the 
 Grand DutcKy of Lufcany into a 
 free and independant Republic, and 
 guarantee the fame againft all the ' 
 Powers of Europe. 
 
 .With refped to the Czarina, in 
 cafe £he refufes to accede to this 
 Treaty, it will be no difficult Mat- 
 ter to convince her Miniftry how 
 little they underftand, or at leaft 
 how little they conftder, the true 
 
 F 2 Intereft 
 
( 40 ) 
 
 Intereft of her Czarifh Majefty and 
 that of her Subjeds. For imme- 
 diately upon Notification of fuch 
 Refufal, the King of Great Britain 
 might, and ought, to break olF all 
 Connedions of Friendfiiip and 
 Commerce with the Rujftan Court, 
 and make an Offer of that Friend- 
 Ihip and that Commerce to ano- 
 ther Power in the North, who 
 would receive it with open Arms, 
 and who, it is well known, can 
 fupply Great Britam with all the 
 Commodities which Rujfta now 
 furnifhes : Befides, a' Commerce 
 with this Northern Power, would 
 be confiderably more beneficial to 
 Great Britam^ as it would be 
 
 wholly 
 
 
( 41 j 
 
 wholly carried on by Britijlo Ship- 
 ing only. A Stroke of this Kind, 
 and fo fuddenly given, would effec- 
 tually flop up the principal Source 
 from whence her Czarifli Mr^'efty 
 derives all that Wealth, which is 
 the prhnum Mobile that fets all her 
 Armies in motion, and enables them 
 to march into, and fubfifi in, fo- 
 reign Countries. This Rupture 
 allb would eventually introduce in- 
 to the Baltic a Britifi Fleet, and 
 happily (if not for all Europe^ ye^ 
 at leaft for all the northern Pow- 
 ers) crufh, in its Infancy, the na- 
 val and commercial Force Rujjia. 
 
 We come now to his Majefty of 
 
 Poland^ who, fhould he clamoroufly 
 
 refule 
 
( 42 ) 
 
 refufe to accede to this Treaty, 
 might, neverthelefs, be filenced 
 very eafily, and in a very fhort 
 Time, b or when he perceived 
 that the King Great Britain 
 not only cancelled his Alliance with 
 Rujfta^ but had alfo propofed, for 
 certain political Conliderations, to 
 eftablilli a commercial Tariff with 
 the Republic of Poland, (a Com- 
 merce equally beneficial to our good 
 Ally the King of Prujfta) his Polijh 
 Majefty, I fay, would foon be con- 
 vinced, that he held the Crown of 
 Poland by as precarious a Tenure, 
 as he before had held his German 
 Dominions. 
 
 Thus, 
 
( 43 ) 
 
 Thus, as to all the belligerant 
 Powers, who may be prefumed to 
 have the leafl: Shadow of a Pre- 
 tence for not acceding to this Trea- 
 ty, we have examined and weighed 
 their Objedfions; and to induce or 
 inforce fo truly Chriftian and falu- 
 tary a Meafure as that of the gene- 
 ral Peace of Europe^ we have pro- 
 pofed only fuch Means, and ufed 
 only fuch Arguments, as are efta- 
 blifhed, we hope, on the Princi- 
 ples of Humanity, Equity, and 
 found Politics. 
 
 There is another Power, which, 
 altho’ no Principal in this War, 
 will, I forefee, neceflarily be in- 
 cluded 
 
( 44 ) 
 
 eluded in this Treaty ; I mean the 
 States General : But we cannot rea- 
 fonably expeft any Unwillingnefs, 
 on their Part, in forwarding fo 
 great and fo good a Work, lince 
 the Peace of Europe generally co- 
 incides with the Intereft of the 
 United Provinces. Belides, his 
 Britijh Majefty always has it in his 
 Power to oblige them to accede to 
 this Treaty, if not by gentle, at 
 lead: by coercive Meafures; and 
 thofe Meafures very near at Hand, 
 and attended with no Danger and 
 Expence ; for it is only lending 
 five or fix Ships of the Line to the 
 Coaft of Shetland in the Month of 
 Jtdy^ and the King of Great Bri- 
 
 taiUy 
 
( 45 ) 
 
 tahy in the Space of half an Hour, 
 avails hinilelf of the Shipping, 
 amounting to a thoufand Veflels, 
 employ’d by the Dutch in their 
 Herring Fifheryj which, befides 
 the Capture of 14,000 as good 
 Marines as any in the known World, 
 would be an immediate Lofs to the 
 States General of two Millions fter- 
 ling. A Lofs they could never 
 hope to retrieve ; a Lofs too, which 
 at the fame Time that it annihi- 
 lated the very Exiftenceof them as. 
 a commercial Nation, would evi- 
 dently throw into the commercial 
 Scale of Great Britain the very 
 conliderable W eight of one Million 
 fterling annually. 
 
 G 
 
 Latsly, 
 

 ( 46 ) 
 
 Lastly, it might be intimated 
 to the State of V mice.^ that their 
 fupplying the Court of Vienna with 
 very large Sums of Money anhno 
 Bellum-gerendiy was a Meafiire not 
 confiftent with the Charadfer of a 
 neutral Power, fince there is no 
 Difference, in the VffeEi^ between 
 fupplying an Enemy with military 
 Stores, or with the Means of pro- 
 curing fuch Stores. If that other- 
 wife refpedlable Republic fhall think 
 this Diftindion too finely fpun, his 
 BritiJJj Majefty may fend Sir Ed- 
 ward Hawk as his Ambaflador in- 
 to the Adriatic^ whofe Abilities in 
 deciding and bringing to a fpeedy 
 Iffue all maritime Contefts, are fuf- 
 
 ficiently 
 
( 47 ) 
 
 ficiently known to all the Courts 
 of Europe, 
 
 Nothing remains now but to 
 carry this Treaty into Execution ; 
 for which Purpofe, fome capital 
 City muft previoully be appointed 
 for holding a Congrefs ; and indif- 
 putably, the Congrefs ought, for 
 many Reafons, to be held either at 
 London or at Hanover, 
 
 CONCLUSION. 
 
 Our Britijh Statefmen have not 
 hitherto been entitled to any Com- 
 pliments on account of their Abi- 
 lities and Skill in Treaty-making ; 
 on the contrary, thofe two infamous 
 
 Trea- 
 
( 48 ) 
 
 Treaties of Utrecht and Aix-la- 
 Chapelle alarm, and but too juftly, 
 all the thinking and reafoning Part 
 of this Nation with Apprehenfion, 
 that as wicked a Treaty may pofli- 
 bly be huddled up at the Conclu- 
 fion of this prefent War. To avoid 
 fo National a Difgrace, was the In- 
 tent of my propoling the Plan here 
 offered. But to bring about a Peace 
 that fhould be honourable to Great 
 Britain^ and at the lame Time, in 
 fome Meafure, palatable to the dif- 
 ferent Interefts of the belligerant 
 Powers, I found myfelf under the 
 Necellity of forming a new Syftem 
 of Politics, eftablifbing a new Bal- 
 lance of Power, and ftriking out 
 new Lights by which our Miniftry 
 
( 49 ) 
 
 might perfpicuouflj fee theftupcn- 
 dous Weight and Power of Great 
 BrttaWf both in its own Bafis, and 
 in its relative Connections, when 
 exerted in a proper Degree, and at 
 a proper Opportunity. 
 
 Little Ideas are infeparably an- 
 nexed to little Minds ; to fuch, in- 
 deed, this Plan will appear of too 
 gigantic a Size, and of too exten- 
 iive a Dimenhon, to be brought 
 within the narrow Compafs of their 
 Turn and Mode of Thinking. But 
 great Ideas, and great ObjeCts, 
 only ought to fill the Minds and 
 occupy the Attention of a Britijh 
 Statefman. For this Reafon, I have 
 
 ventured 
 
( so )' 
 
 ventured to publifli thefe political 
 Hints and Reflexions, and flatter 
 myfelf that my Labours will not be 
 totally unacceptable to my King 
 and my native Country. 
 
 Stafford RoWy 
 Dec. 9, 1759. 
 
 finis. 
 
 \ 
 
 

 

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