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COMMERCIAL
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ARCHITECTURAL
CHICAGO.
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ILLUSTRATED.
G. W. OREAR, Publisher.
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INDEX
FOLLOWING CLOSING PAGES.
MU
DONOHUE & HENNEBERRY,
PRINTERS AND BINDERS, CHICAGO.
gilb. 7 the Keirs of
i
Profh 9. Strackss
919-1941
THIS book is published for the purpose of laying before
its readers many of the most interesting features about
Chicago, including her commercial importance and architect-
ural improvement. Other editions will follow this, the first,
improved and enlarged.
N
#
3

BIRD'S-EYE VIEW OF CHICAGO,
· FLUTIJ
Only a Brief Bit of the past.

IF the daring and adventurous heroes
who first penetrated the great and
unknown west, as all that part of the
United States was called that lay be-
yond the Alleghanies, from the rising
sun, could but take a turn over the
same routes they then traversed, it
is possible they would be somewhat
astonished at the changes.
Where this great city now stands
-with its nearly a million of population
- was, only fifty years ago, a marsh, and
the undisturbed habitation of perhaps a billion of frogs. The first
explorers of record were Frenchmen. In 1673 a good priest,
Father Jacques Marquette, on a holy mission of peace and in
search of locations for the establishment of missions, accom-
panied by Mons. Louis Joliet, whose aim was, new territory to
possess and wealth to acquire, journeyed from Canada in canoes
via the various water-ways until they finally passed over
(what was called by the Indians Checaugou) the stream run-
ning through the site where Chicago now stands, and into the
bright waters of Lake Michigan. From the stream the city took
its name, and the stream was so called by the Indians, from the
fact that in this locality an animal of highly odorous nature
abounded. The Indian residents, sometime in 1793, ceded to
the government some six miles square of land; this the govern-
ment required to establish a fort, which was done in 1803, and
it was called Fort Dearborn, the exact site of which was at the
junction of River street and Michigan avenue, against the south
.
5
6
COMMERCIAL AND
end of Rush street bridge. The building now occupying a por-
tion of the original site will be seen in the illustration. This
building bears on its north side a marble tablet on whose face is
cut the following:
This building occupies the site of old Fort
Dearborn, which extended a little across Michigan
avenue and somewhat into the River as it now is.
"The Fort was built in 1803-4, forming our out-
most defence.
"By order of Gen. Hull it was evacuated Aug.
15, 1812, after its stores and provisions had been
distributed among the Indians.
"Very soon after, the Indians attacked and
massacred about fifty of the troops and a number
of citizens, including women and children, and
next day burned the fort. In 1816 it was rebuilt,
but after the Black Hawk war it went into gradual
disuse, and in May, 1837, was abandoned by the
army, but was occupied by various government
officers till 1857, when it was torn down, excepting
a single building, which stood upon the site till the
great fire of October 9, 1871.
"At the suggestion of the Chicago Historical
Society this tablet was erected Nov., 1880, by
'W. M. HOYT."
Just why the government should select this flat point for a
fort is not quite clear; however, Capt. John Whistler, who
was in command of troops at Detroit, was sent forward to this
point, with instructions to construct a fort. He came in a
sailing vessel, which arrived on Independence Day, July 4,
1803. With him was his family, his son and his wife, and thus
began the great Chicago. The fort was constructed of two
block-houses, from which there led an underground passage to
the river for the purpose of securing an outlet to the water in
case of being besieged by an enemy. There was but little of
note in or about the fort for some years, as the whites were at
ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
peace with the Indians-only the everyday routine of a frontier
life was known; but in 1812 the United States declared war
against Great Britain, and some of the Indian tribes took
up arms against the citizen whites, and the Winnebagoes
in April, 1812, undertook a raid upon the settlement and
succeeded in killing two men. This put the fort on its
guard, but nothing further of great note occurred until after
the order from Gen. Hull (who was at Detroit), to Capt.
Heald, who was in command, having relieved Capt. Whistler.
This order was couched in such terms that if the officer in com-
mand of the fort felt that his garrison, which comprised sixty-
four men,
with Lieut.
Helm second in command,
Rohan ensign, and Voor-
hees surgeon, could stand
a siege, to remain, if not
to remove at once to Fort
Wayne. The calamity that
befell is attributable to the
officer in command.
that as it may, he con-
cluded to evacuate the fort,
notwithstanding contrary
advice by those near him,
and also of friendly In-

HARTIN
..
W. M. HOYT COMPANY
| KRECTRO TOVE
£14444
GROCERS.
20000
W.M.HOYT COMPANY.
Site of Old Fort Dearborn.
Be
dians, but before he did this he tried to placate the hostile red
fellows by giving them stores.
A meeting was held with the Pottawatomies on August 12,
and it was agreed that the stores that could not be carried by the
garrison should be divided among the painted natives, and that
they should furnish an escort for the whites to Ft. Wayne, and
there receive an additional reward. On the day before the
intended evacuation Capt. Wells with re-enforcements (these
were Miami Indians) reached the fort from Ft. Wayne, but even
with this addition it was considered impracticable to defend the
fort against the odds. Mr. Kinzie had been warned by friendly
8
COMMERCIAL AND
Indians not to accompany the troops, and he partly took the
advice; he placed his wife, four children, a nurse, his clerk, two
servants, two friendly natives and a boatman, in a craft, and sent
them on the voyage with instructions to join the troops on the
opposite side of the lake; he declined to go with the boat party,
which had proceeded but a short way when friendly Indians.
arrived, advising them to remain where they were, and thus it
was that they witnessed a part of the fighting that took place.
The evacuating party formed into column of marching order

.!!!
Fort Dearborn in 1830,
and filed out of the fort along the shore, and as they reached the
higher land the Indian escort came up, some five hundred
strong, and as the column arrived at a point near what is now
Eighteenth street, the savages began a desperate attack upon the
* troops. At once the brave fellows straightened into line and
charged, the red murderers, while the Miami's fled without a
shot. Of course, in such an unequal and unexpected contest the
loss of the whites was great. Mr. Kinzie and family were saved
by friendly Indians, and he died in Chicago in 1828. In 1800
the Territory of Indiana was organized, and Illinois was a
ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
9
county of that territory; in the year 1809 Illinois was organized
into a territory and in 1818 she became a state. In 1833 the
town was incorporated. The great tide of emigration overland
seeking homes in the West was at its height, and much of it
passed through Chicago, and kept the few houses in the village
full of those daring and speculative spirits who have brought
into being the populous West. The most important event of the
year 1833 in Chicago was the public meeting called to take steps
to incorporate the town. There were present, J. T. Temple, G.
W. Snow, John S. C. Hogan, R. J. Hamilton, G. W. Dole,

CHICAGO, IN. 1800
Chicago-1833.
John Wright, C. A. Ballard, E. S. Kimberly, Hiram Pearsons,
T. I. V.Owen, A. Sweet, Mark Beaubein and R. E. Heacock.
At this date the population was two hundred, in 1836 thirty-
eight hundred, and in 1837, when it was four thousand, the people
took steps to secure a charter, which was granted by the Legis-
lature March 4, 1837.
The first election occurred on May 2, 1837, with two tickets
in the field. The Whig ticket had at its head for Mayor, John
H. Kinzie; Constable, Alvin Calhoun; Aldermen, First Ward,
Charles L. Harman and Giles Spring; Second Ward, George W.
10
COMMERCIAL AND
Dole and Thomas Brock; Fourth Ward, Alex. Logan and
John C. Huginin; Sixth Ward, B. T. Russell and Nelson R.
Norton. The Democratic ticket was headed by William B. Og-
den for Mayor; Constable, John Shrigley; Aldermen, First Ward,
J. C. Goodhue and F. C. Sherman; Second Ward, Peter Bolles
and John C. T. Hogan; Third Ward, John D. Caton; Fourth
Ward, A. Pierce and F. H. Taylor; Fifth Ward, Bernard Ward;
Sixth Ward, Samuel Jackson and Hiram Pearsons. The total
vote was 709, 408 of which was on the South Side, 97 West Side,
and 204 North Side. The Democratic ticket was elected, and
William B. Ogden became the first Mayor of Chicago. He was
born in Walton, N. Y., in 1805, was a member of the Legis-
lature in that state in 1834, and removed to Chicago in 1835.
Cash Boys& Work
Girls be Paid-
what is duethem
Monday 3.A.M.Oct.16
ATGO CallimeTAVE
ON SUNDAY NIGHT, October 8, 1871, a Mrs. O'Leary was
milking her cow, and that cow made a kick (perhaps that was
the origin of the term
as applied in the slang of
the day), at any rate it
was the most expensive
kick that had ever occur-
red in this country, for
with that kick by the
COW a lamp was over-
turned that started the
fire that raged for two
days, and consumed in
its way a district of the
city some five-eights of a
mile wide, until it reached
the extreme north end of
the city, a distance of
over four miles. In the
area there is about eighteen hundred acres which had erected
upon it at least 17,500 buildings, estimated with contents to be
worth $190,000,000. When the fire had run its course this
whole district was a stretch of blackened ruins. Never was

State Street after the Fire.
ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
11
seen so great a fire! May none ever see such again. But that
has all passed away and is only thought of as an occurrence
of the long ago.
The busy world of to-day is occupied with to-day, and it is
quite right, no "chestnuts" wanted here. This was shown by
the way the city was rebuilt. If the men of the time had wanted
chestnuts they would have tried to rake them from the fire; not
they, they cleared out the lot, drove the thoughts of loss from
their minds, and stood stone upon stone, brick upon brick, iron
upon iron, until to-day we find as grand a city as the world ever
| E.R MYERS
LAW BOOKS)
W.D.KERFOOTS BLOCK
REALESTATE OFFICEÏ0.Kerfti
89WASHINGTON
MANK CHI
First House Erected after the Fire.
saw, and yet that enormous
destruction took place here
in Chicago only sixteen
years ago. It was estimated
that $32,160,000 was the
value of buildings erected
during the first year follow-
ing the fire, and at least
$14,000,000 more were un-
der way. Such affairs as
that of 1874, when fire de-
stroyed about six hundred

houses, with an estimated loss of four and a half millions, was of
no consequence. It could be and was rebuilt without any loss of
time. The growth in population of Chicago has been very rapid.
From 1833 to 1843 it increased thirty-seven times; from 1843 to
1853 it increased eight hundred per cent; from 1853 to 1863
over two hundred per cent; and from 1863 to 1873, more than
doubled itself; from 1873 to the present, about one hundred per
cent. The population now is estimated at 800,000.
12
COMMERCIAL AND
Streets, Ways, and Boulevards.
THE flat surface of the land on which Chicago is built, gives
somewhat of a monotonous aspect to the highways; however,
that very level surface afforded every facility for the laying out of
thoroughfares and saved the expense of excavating. State street,
running north and south, is the great busy retail mart, and from
early morning till late at night it is one mass of energetic traffic,
and viewed from State street bridge presents a panorama that of
itself is worth traveling miles to see. Madison street is the
principal east and west highway, and from Michigan avenue on
the east to Ashland avenue on the west, is one continuous line of
business. Let the stranger locate himself by these two high-
ways, and he can traverse the six hundred and fifty miles of
streets without fear of becoming entangled. The principal
streets are all well paved, some with granite, others with asphalt,
and the majority, especially the residence ones, with cedar blocks,
making as smooth and delightful driving as can be found any-
where.
Washington street connects the south side with the west
side by tunnel, and La Salle street connects the north side with
the south side also by tunnel. Each has a double road way for
vehicles and a separate way for foot travel. La Salle street
tunnel is just being utilized by the north and south street-car
line, giving a continuous and uninterrupted street railway, from
Jackson street to the limits on the north side. These tunnels
were built to afford uninterrupted traffic with the opposite sides
of the stream, as on many occasions when a bridge is open the
urgent passenger must avail himself of this means to reach his
business or train on time.
MICHIGAN AVENUE begins at the river and runs south.
From the river to Jackson street it is an ordinary business street,
ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
13
but from this point south it is one of the most beautiful drives
in the city, and every day is thronged with equipages whose
splendor indicates the taste of the citizens.
THIRTY-FIFTH STREET BOULEVARD extends eastward from the
south end of Michigan avenue, where it connects with GRAND
BOULEVARD, which runs south some two miles. It is 198 feet
wide, with central drive between grass plats having double rows
of trees. Two roadways thirty-three feet wide run parallel to
the central drive, one for traffic the other for pleasure. The
borders of these ways are grass-platted, with a row of trees along
each; beyond and parallel are the footways, lined with a row
of trees.
OAKWOOD BOULEVARD begins at Grand Boulevard, and
runs east to its junction with
DREXEL BOULEVARD, which opens at the east end of Oakwood
Boulevard and runs south to Fifty-second street, thence east one
block, where it enters Washington Park. This grand drive, the
equal of any in the county, is two hundred feet wide, and is or-
namented with trees, shrubbery, grass plots, plants of many
kinds, beds and borders of flowers, and such other attractive
features as make it the favorite equestrian resort.
GARFIELD BOULEVARD is two hundred feet wide. It is laid
out with a grand central drive, having trees, grass plots and
shrubbery on either side. Two ways run on the outside, and the
whole is between a lane of large elm trees. From Fifty-fifth
street it runs through Gage Park and connects with
WESTERN BOULEVARD Which runs north to the Illinois and
Michigan canal.
DOUGLASS BOULEVARD is two hundred and fifty feet wide,
and connects Garfield and Douglass Parks.
CENTRAL BOULEVARD is also two hundred and fifty feet wide,
and connects Humboldt and Garfield Parks.
HUMBOLDT BOULEVARD connects Humboldt Park with Lin-
coln Park and the
LAKE SHORE DRIVE, which extends along the lake shore
through Lincoln Park. This boulevard is to be protected from
14
COMMERCIAL AND
the waters of the lake by a grand water-break, built from below
the surface of the lake shore and extending up some three and
a half feet above the made driveway, making a massive concrete
bulwark some fifteen feet high, and so constructed that the
waves will not overleap it but recoil into the lake.
WASHINGTON BOULEVARD, from Halsted street on the
West side, extends to Garfield Park, passing Union Park. It is

Chicago River West from Wells' Street Bridge.
the great drive of the West side, and is bordered by fine residen-
ces its entire length.
The bridges, thirty-two in number, are the property of the city,
and are operated by expert employés of the city, and since the
introduction of the telephone system connecting each bridge the
delay in crossing has been much lessened, and the passage of river
craft greatly improved. That the river is a great convenience to the
various vessels plying the lakes is undisputed, and that this water-
way through the center of a great city with its floating tonnage
ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
15
is a picturesque feature of the city is also understood, yet these
short delays at bridges and the bayou nature of the current are
very often loudly objected to.
The sewerage system of the city is superb, notwithstanding
the engineering difficulties encountered in so level an area.
PUBLIC BUILDINGS.-The buildings in Chicago known as
public, either belonging to the city or the general government,
will compare favorably with those of that character in any other
city, both in architectural features and completeness of interior
arrangement.

-
Custom House and Post Office.
CUSTOM HOUSE AND POST OFFICE. The illustration
shows that Uncle Sam has a structure that is in every way
suitable for the purpose to which it is used. Its dimensions are
342x210 feet, and it occupies the block bounded by Dearborn
street on the east, Clark street on the west, Adams street north
and Jackson street south. The first floor and basement are used
exclusively for the Post-office Department, the second story by
the Internal Revenue Collector, Sub-Treasury, Commissioner of
Pensions, Special Mail Agents and Collector of Customs, the
third floor by the United States Courts, etc. The monument to
Mr. George B. Armstrong, founder of the railway mail service,
16
COMMERCIAL AND
stands on the lawn at the Adams and Clark streets corner; it was
erected by the clerks in the service 1881.
CITY GOVERNMENT. The government of the city is regu-
lated by a mayor and board of aldermen, and the different
departments come under the heads of Police, Fire, Health, Law,
Finance and Public Works.
The Police Department consists of a superintendent assisted
by the requisite number of commissioned officers and adequate
detective force, with a paid force of 1,267 men, beside the police
telephone and patrol wagon system which was first introduced
in Chicago. The patrol or stand boxes are located at the most de-
sirable points (points where they

Patrol Answering Call.
are most likely to be of service),
from which the officers call the
TO DO
POKNCE
patrol wagons
(twenty-four in
service) in
which they
carry the ar-
rested persons
to central office
or police sta-
tion. An ex-
tract from the
last report of
the police de-
partment gives
an idea of the
danger these men are subject to and of the need of a plentiful
and efficient force to protect life and property.
“The year 1886 was the most eventful one in the history of
this department, and will ever be memorable on account of the
riot and massacre which occurred on the corner of Desplaines
and Randolph streets in this city on the night of May 4th.
"By the explosion of a dynamite bomb, fiendishly thrown
into the ranks of the force, one police officer was instantly
ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
17
killed, six fatally wounded, and sixty others more or less seriously
injured, many of them maimed or crippled for life, making a
total of sixty-seven members of the force wounded on that fatal
night.
"For several months prior to May 1st, a labor agitation for
eight hours' work was carried on, and the cowardly anarchists:
seized upon this opportunity to precipitate an outbreak at this

lalb
:
Old Court House.
time, foolishly counting on the assistance of sensible working-
men in accomplishing their evil designs.
"It is unnecessary to recount the extensive preparations which
those vicious people had made and planned for the destruction
of life and property. This was subsequently proven and con-
firmed by the large quantity of bombs and destructive material
found by the police on searching their halls and secret haunts,.
2
18
COMMERCIAL AND

Water Works
and also on the trial of the leading anarchists, who have since
been convicted of murder."
THE FIRE DEPARTMENT is on a scale of efficiency and suffi-
ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
19
ciency to meet the demands on such a service for a large city.
There are forty-seven engines, fourteen hook and ladder trucks,
twelve chemical engines, forty-four hose carts and carriages, forty-
one portable fire extinguishers, stand pipe and water tower, 232
horses, thirty-nine buildings, 527 men, all the paraphernalia
required, beside two powerful river fire-boats.
THE HEALTH DEPARTMENT is under the Commissioner of
Health, and as the law imposes a penalty for erecting a building
without his approval of its plans for plumbing, ventilation, etc.,
the sanitary condition of buildings is good. The inspectors for
this department are very watchful, especially as to the food sup-
ply sources.
THE BUILDING DEPARTMENT is under the care of a commis-
sioner and assistants. All plans for building must be inspected
here and permits issued.
THE LAW DEPARTMENT is under the proper c
council.
THE FINANCE Department is under the collector, treasurer
and comptroller.
THE DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WORKS is under a commis-
sioner, with heads of sub-departments, such as streets, sewerage,
water collections, engineers, etc.
WATER WORKS. - The perfect system of water supply has
its head at the Water Tower and Pumping Works on the North
side. A tunnel of sufficient capacity runs out to what is known
as the crib, a distance from the city of two miles. It is said that
the largest engine in the world is one of the four that pumps
water here for the city consumption. It cost $200,000, and at
each stroke forces 2,750 gallons through the pipes. The build-
ings are very substantial, the grounds and surroundings very
ornamental, and the machinery and all is a great attraction to
those visiting the city.
THE COUNTY COURT HOUSE AND CITY HALL.-This is a
dual structure, and occupies the block which is bounded by Wash-
ington street on the south, Randolph street on the north, Clark
street on the east, and LaSalle street on the west. Its frontage
is 340 feet on the east and west sides, and 280 on the south and
20
COMMERCIAL AND
north. The work of construction was begun in 1877, and the
Court House division, which fronts on Clark street, was com-
pleted in 1882. The style of architecture is the modern French
renaissance. The building is fire-proof and cost some six mill-
ion dollars. The City Hall division, fronting LaSalle street, is
similar in its architectural features to the county portion of the
building. This is the second joint structure built by the county
and city for administrative use, and the third city hall erected
by municipal authority. The old Saloon building, which was

County Court House and City Hall.
located at the southeast corner Lake and Clark streets, was occu-
pied as a city hall (when Chicago first became a chartered city),
and at the time was considered the finest public hall in the west.
In 1842 the old market building located in the center of State
street at Randolph street, was occupied both for market pur-
poses and as a city hall. September 11, 1851, the corner-stone
was laid of the first joint structure built by the county and city.
It was first occupied on February 7, 1853, and was originally but
two stories; a third story was afterwards added. As will be seen
from the cut on page 17, this was quite a handsome building, and
ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
21
was beautifully surrounded with shade trees, graveled walks,
shrubbery, grass plats, etc. When the fire fiend came along in
1871, this building was almost destroyed, the east wing, however,
stood, and in this the city officials remained until it was torn down
to erect the present building. An old iron water tank, dumped at
the corner of LaSalle and Adams—which had belonged to the
old water works service-was surrounded by an unsightly brick
structure two stories high; in this the officials did the city's busi-
ness, using the tank as a safety vault for papers, etc. This
dilapidated old place was styled the "rookery," and the magni-

TITTI
Criminal Court and Jail Building.
ficent twelve-story fire-proof building that is just being finished
upon the old site, will, perhaps, have saddled upon it the title of
the "old rookery."
The Criminal Court and Jail building are on the North Side.
They occupy the block bounded by Michigan street on the south,
Illinois street on the north, Dearborn avenue on the east, and Clark
street on the west. Cook County's Criminal Court occupies the
upper part of the building. The jail is a massive structure
built of brick and iron. The entire plant was erected in 1873, at
a cost of $375,000.
22
COMMERCIAL AND

In South Parks.
MAN
“THE MOUND.”
Western Manth Eng Chi
THE STAB
ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
23
Parks.
TH
parks, are appreciated and
They are provided by the
HE breathing places of a city, if that city be so fortunate as
to have them in the shape of
resorted to alike by rich and poor.
public, for the public, and are enjoyed by the public. Go into
any of the beautiful grounds that Chicago is blessed with and
see the happy family groups, the clusters of gleeful children, the
strolling or perhaps tete-a-tete pairs (not necessarily men), and if
the observer be not a Stoic he or she must feel that it is good to
be out in the open.

P
In Douglas Park.
Douglass Park is on the West Side, and contains 180 acres,
and is approached by the Madison street and Ogden avenue cars.
There is an artesian well whose water is highly appreciated, a
mammoth conservatory containing rare and choice plants, and
on the lawns games are played almost every fair day.
Garfield Park also lies on the West Side, and is reached by
either the Randolph, Lake or Madison street cars. It contains 185
24
COMMERCIAL AND
acres, in the center of which is a lake covering seventeen acres.
The artesian well in this park flows water that is of great
medicinal value, and is visited daily by throngs, who drink and

In Garfield Park.
also carry it away for after use. The lake, the boat landing, the
pavilion, the fountains, the bridges, the drives, the foot-ways,
the lawns, the flowers, and all the other works of the landscape
gardener's art, are gems in their way.
Humboldt Park contains two hundred acres, and is reached
by Milwaukee avenue and West North avenue car line. Its
artesian well furnishes water in unlimited quantities, which is
similar to that in the parks named. Its lakes are great resorts
for rowing. Its pavilion, boat landing and band-house are in
ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
25
close proximity, and the Sunday concerts that take place during
the summer make Humboldt a favorite resort on that day.
Lincoln Park is on the North Side and contains 250 acres. Its
drives over and under bridges, its lakes and its Zoozoo draws
thousands of people every day. It lies along the lake shore,
which is another attractive feature.
The park has seven bridges, nine miles of walks, eight miles
of drives, two tunnels, beside the lake of twenty acres area, one
of twelve acres in the south part of the grounds, and one of

In Lincoln Park.
eight acres in the northwest portion. The park is lighted by
night with electric lights. It has its own water works system,
two artesian wells, large lawns for base-ball, cricket, lawn tennis,
archery, military drills, etc.
The promenades of stone, sixteen feet wide, extend some three
thousand feet.
Wicker Park contains four acres, at the junction of Park,
North Robey and Fowler streets.
Congress Park contains seven-tenths of an acre.
26
COMMERCIAL AND

FARMSTEAD BRINGE.
THE MERE
I swear & poor & oost & poot
Scenes in South Parks,
HIRE STILL
ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
27
Campbell Park contains half an acre. Washington Square
contains two and one-fourth acres, between North Clark street,
Dearborn avenue and Washington and Lafayette places.
Union Square contains half an acre.
Lake Park is a strip beginning at Randolph street and extend-
ing to Twelfth street along Michigan avenue.
It contains forty-
one acres, and forms a pretty lake front to that part of the city.
Ellis Park contains three and a half acres, between Cottage
Grove and Vincennes avenues.
Jefferson Park contains five and a half acres and is bounded

In Jefferson Park,
by Adams, Throop, Monroe and Loomis streets. Its trees, lake,
grotto, fountain and flowers make it a very attractive spot.
Aldine Square contains one and a half acres.
Vernon Park contains about four acres on the West Side. It
has Polk street on the south, and is between Center avenue and
Loomis street.
Woodlawn Park contains four and a half acres. Groveland
Park also contains four and a half acres, both lying between
Cottage Grove avenue and the lake.
Opposite these parks, on the grounds of the Chicago Univer-
sity, which, together with the two parks, were donated by Hon.
Stephen A. Douglass, whose family mansion occupied the vicinity
28
COMMERCIAL AND
near the eastern terminus of Douglass avenue and Woodlawn
Park, stands the monument to this distinguished gentleman.
The mauso-

Douglass Monument.
leum con-
taining his
remains is of
granite, and
the shaft,
towering 104
feet above
this, is also
of granite.
Surmount-
ing the shaft
is a bronze
statue of Mr.
Douglass-
very lifelike.
At the cor-
ners are four
bronze fe-
male figures
inscrib e d
"Illinois,"
History,"
"Justice," "Eloquence."
Eloquence." The marble sarcophagus in the crypt
bears on its side the following:
STEPHEN A. DOUGLASS,
BORN
APRIL 23, 1813,
DIED
JUNE 3, 1861.
"Tell my children to obey the laws
and uphold the Constitution."
Union Park is also on the West Side, along the line of Wash-
ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
29
ington Boulevard, and has nearly fifteen acres, with mounds, a
lake, fountains, and is altogether very charming.

In Union Park,
SOUTH PARK. In the early spring morning, after a night's
ride over the Chicago, Alton & St. Louis R. R., one of the most
30
COMMERCIAL AND
pleasing sights introduced to the tourist on approaching the city
is the glimpse of this park as the train crosses it. The two
parks constituting what is known as South Parks are Washington
and Jackson.
Washington Park (West), extends from Fifty-first to Six-
tieth street, having Cottage Grove and Kankakee avenues on its
borders. It contains 371 acres, all of which is highly improved and
beautifully laid out, while its improved drives are something over

Praeten
Season of
1884,
The South Park.
THE COTTAGE
five and a half miles long. The route to the park is by cable cars,
along State street and Wabash avenue via Indiana and Cottage
Grove avenues, also, by Michigan avenue, Drexel and Grand Boule-
vards, and by the Phaetons and the Dummy line from Oakwood
Boulevard. There is an artesian well of great depth, the water of
which is similar to that in the other parks. The park contains
many attractions, among which may be briefly noted the
66
Mere," a tortuous lake covering an area of some thirteen
ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
31
acres; the water is remarkably clear, and affords much pleasure
to the many amateur oarsmen or pleasure parties who care for
aquatic exercise. A park house, built in ornamental architec-
tural design, contains a fine cafe, also the offices of the local
management. A conservatory, in which is to be found a large
variety of plants, also propagating house, cactus house, etc.
On the grounds for the accommodation of the Phaeton service
is a very fine piece of architectural work in the shape of a stable.
It is built in the form of a Greek cross, and is three hundred and
twenty-five by two hundred feet.
JACKSON PARK contains five hundred and eighty-six acres,
of which eighty-four are improved, through which there is one

Entrance to Jackson Park.
and a half miles of improved drives. It is reached by the Illi-
nois Central R. R., Cottage Grove Avenue and the Dummy
cars. There is a system of interior lakes, connecting with Lake
Michigan by an inlet, which cover an area of about one hundred
and seventy acres.
The grounds lie along the shore of Lake Michigan, and when
fully improved, as intended, will make an attraction to the city
and a breathing place of no small pretentions. The South Park
Commissioners are Mr. John R. Walsh, Mr. Martin J. Russell,
Mr. John B. Sherman, Mr. Louis Wahl and Mr. William Best.
Mr. White, superintendent.
32
COMMERCIAL AND
Railways.
S was said of Rome, "So do all roads lead to Chicago." It
is often claimed that without railways this city could not
thrive nor could she have become what she is to-day. Possibly;
yet without the city could the railroads exist? Or, if there were
no cities would there be many
railway lines? There is, of course,
a local traffic along the line of
every railway, but there is a mam-
moth traffic created by the con-
centration of population, and by
the immense manufacturing and
mercantile operations of a city,
without which the railway would
have poor return for its great out-
lay for construction, equipment,
etc. Railways are a great help to
a city, but the city, when once
it has acquired a certain popula-
tion and become a point of in-
terest in the business world, is
a center of attraction for other
roads than those already entering its gates. There is a grand
system of lines connecting Chicago with the balance of the
country, and these artificial arteries of commerce are now so per-
fect in their equipment and management, and so well operated in
every particular, that to deliver freight to Missouri river points
only requires some thirty-six hours, while points in the North-west,.
at even greater distances away, are reached in still shorter time.
The railway lines empty into Chicago a vast number of passen-
gers of what is known as through business every day, beside

Drexel Fountain.
ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
33
ed
they furnish the city with a suburban train service which is of
immense advantage to the city, and which carries a vast multi-
tude of people back and forth to the charming towns outlying
from Chicago.
THE LOUISVILLE, NEW ALBANY AND CHICAGO RAILROAD,
popularly known as the "Monon Route," is one of the most
important of all the southern lines entering Chicago. The main
line extends from Chicago to Louisville, 323 miles, passing
through Lafayette, Crawfordsville, Green Castle, Bloomington,

Polk St. Depot, terminal of Louisville, New Albany & Chicago R R.
Mitchell and New Albany, Ind. At Monon, Ind., the "Air
Line" division, extending from Michigan City to Indianapolis,
154 miles, intersects the main line. This division passes through
Monticello, Delphi, Owasco and Frankfort, Ind. Cedar Lake,
thirty-eight miles from Chicago on the main line, is a favorite
summer resort, visited by thousands each year.
The completion, May 15, 1887, of the Orleans, West Baden
and French Lick Springs branch of the Monon Route brings
the West Baden and French Lick springs into greater prom-
inence, and within an easy, delightful journey to both the
3
34
COMMERCIAL AND ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
wearied toiler and the invalid. These springs are favorably
known for their permanent curative qualities, being remarkably
efficacious in all diseases of the skin, dyspepsia, rheumatism,
liver trouble, Bright's disease, and, in fact, all chronic com-
plaints where a powerful tonic, with alterative treatment, is
required.
The famous Bedford stone quarries are on this line.
In addition to the Chicago and Louisville line, the Company
operates a through line between Chicago and Cincinnati, via
Indianapolis, in connection with the Cincinnati, Hamilton &
Dayton Railroad, affording southern tourists a choice of Pullman
Car routes via Louisville or Cincinnati. To the Monon Route
belongs the credit of introducing the first and only Pullman
Sleeping-car line through from Chicago to Jacksonville, Fla.,
with but one change, and it is still the route by which Pullman
car service is secured via Louisville to Florida. The tourist and
business man alike appreciate the advantages of the Monon Route,
with its solid trains and Pullman Palace sleepers, its fast time
over smooth tracks and perfect roadbed, its reasonable rates and
its courteous officials.
The terminal station of the Monon Route in Chicago, an
illustration of which is here presented, is a handsome specimen
of railway architecture, and its location, Polk and Dearborn
streets, is within easy walking distance of the great South Side
business center.
ILLINOIS CENTRAL RAILROAD.—This great feeder to Chi-
cago commerce has done as much, if not more, to make this city
what it is to-day than any other one factor. Its six-track entry
to Chicago is illustrative of the magnitude of its traffic and
lines. The line, including its great north and south route be-
tween Chicago and New Orleans, is standard gauge, all steel
rail with perfect ballast, and is equipped with coaches as fine as
can be made, including Pullman's through to New Orleans with-
out change. Its connections there reaching Mexico and San
Francisco on the one side and Florida on the other, make it the
favorite tourist's route, especially in winter, as it is free from

ARIUMSEARSUCHUM
וי
LETTU
Station, Ilinois Central Railroad at Jackson Park,
UND
SOUTH PARK
0
LU UURI
36
COMMERCIAL AND
ice or snow. Its St. Louis and Cincinnati lines are both familiar
to all travelers, the latter touching Lafayette and Indianapolis
en route. Dubuque, Waterloo, Fort Dodge and Sioux City are
among the larger Iowa points reached by this line. The sub-
urban traffic of this famous road is immense, and receives as
good if not better service than any in the world. It requires
about one hundred coaches and twenty locomotives. Two tracks
are used exclusively for this service, and the trains run like
clockwork, ten minutes apart, and the way-stations, rolling-
stock, etc., are unsurpassed. It is a conceded fact that this great.
road, in its equipment, management, etc., is not surpassed by
any road in the whole country.

Dearborn Street, South From Monroe.
WABASH, ST. LOUIS & PACIFIC. From Toledo, Ohio, via St.
Louis, to Kansas City, Burlington, Council Bluffs, etc., is one
of the grand systems of the country, and forms part of the great
western system through to the Pacific. Terminal station, Polk
street. Ticket office, 109 Clark.
THE CHICAGO & WEST MICHIGAN Comes in over the Michi-
gan Central-depot foot of South Water street. It extends
from La Crosse, Ind., to Pentwater, Mich.; general office,
Muskegon, Mich.; local office, 67 Clark.
THE CHICAGO, MILWAUKEE & ST. PAUL enters at Union
depot - Canal, Adams and Madison streets. This is one of the
ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
37
finest equipped roads running out of Chicago, and its lines pass
through Illinois to Rock Island, Davenport, Atchison to Coun-
cil Bluffs. From Milwaukee through Prairie Du Chien, Sioux
City, Yankton, Running Water, etc., also through Southern
Minnesota into Dakota. General office, Milwaukee; local, 63
Clark street.
THE CHICAGO & GRAND TRUNK uses the Polk street depot.
This line continues through to Portland, Maine, via the Grand
Trunk of Canada, and has a track route of over 3,000 miles.
Offices, Rialto Building.
THE NEW YORK, CHICAGO & ST. LOUIS enters over the Mich-
igan Southern tracks; depot, Van Buren, between Pacific and
Sherman streets. It extends via the "Lake Shore" to Buffalo.
THE CHICAGO & WESTERN INDIANA centrals the terminal
facilities whereby several roads enter the Polk street depot. It
does a switching business.
THE BELT ROAD extends around the city, and is used for local
traffic.
THE BALTIMORE & OHIO enters over the tracks of the Illi-
nois Central, and its depot is approached from Michigan avenue,
between Monroe and Adams streets. The great B. & 0. system
affords a direct through line east via Washington. Offices, 83
Clark street.
THE CHICAGO & WESTERN is an internal road connecting
with warehouses, elevators, etc.
THE CHICAGO & ATLANTIC extends from a junction with the
Western Indiana, nineteen miles from the city, to Marion, Ohio,
on to the Atlantic coast. Polk street depot.
THE CHICAGO, EVANSTON & LAKE SUPERIOR enters at
depot, Canal, Madison and Adams. Office, Ashland Block, Clark
and Randolph.
THE MICHIGAN CENTRAL enters over the Illinois Central
tracks, with depot foot of Lake street. It operates the Canada
Southern, and is a very popular line from Chicago to Buffalo
and the east, because of the magnificent scenery along the line,
and of the superb equipment of the road, which crosses below
38
COMMERCIAL AND
Niagara falls on its grand Cantilever bridge. Its main and
leased lines compose a system of over fifteen hundred miles of
as fine road as can be built. Office, 67 Clark.
PITTSBURGH, FORT WAYNE & CHICAGO also uses the Canal
street depot. This
road runs the fast,
through, all Pull-
man trains, to New
York, and its mag-
nificent equipment
insures at all times
a big passenger list
for the east, while
its western list from
eastern points is im-

mense.
THE CHICAGO,
ALTON & ST. LOUIS
extends direct to St.
Louis from Bloom-
ington, which is
about half way be-
tween Chicago and
St. Louis. Their
great western line
shoots off to Rood-
house, thence to
Louisiana, crossing
the Mississippi and
on to Kansas City and the west. This great road has always
been a great feeder to Chicago, bringing an immense traffic
from the Missouri and Mississippi River country here. Its
trains and train service is the equal of any road in the world,
and its management the most successful.
Union Depot, Canal, Madison and Adams.
·
THE CHICAGO, ROCK ISLAND & PACIFIC have their own
depot at Van Buren, between Pacific and Sherman. It controls
ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
39
the great "Albert Lea" route, and extends to Kansas City, Coun-
cil Bluffs, Atchison, etc.
man.
LAKE SHORE & MICHIGAN SOUTHERN uses its own station
which is part of the depot, Van Buren, between Pacific and Sher-
The main line is from Chicago to Buffalo via Cleveland,
double track the whole way, and with the New York, Chicago
& St. Louis operates lines aggregating about fifteen hundred
miles of road.
THE CHICAGO AND NORTHWESTERN have their own passen-
ger station, Kinzie and Wells streets. The road reaches out
through Illinois, Wisconsin, Minnesota, Iowa, Northern Michi-

PEREE
Chicago & Northwestern Passenger Station, Wells Street.
gan, Dakota and into Nebraska, bringing to Chicago the prin-
cipal traffic of those regions through which it passes. The road,
including all of its lines, is as popular as it is possible for a great
highway to become, and the immense travel of late years to the
northwest looks to this road for its passage.
THE C., B. & Q. comes into the Union Depot, Canal street.
CHICAGO, ST. LOUIS & PITTSBURGH uses the Canal, Adams
and Madison street depot. It connects with the Pittsburgh,
Cincinnati & St. Louis railroad and other roads in Indiana and
Ohio. The Pennsylvania operates the line.
CHICAGO & EASTERN ILLINOIS operate in the coal fields of
Grape Creek. Offices, 123 Dearborn street.
40
COMMERCIAL AND
CHICAGO, CAIRO & GREAT SOUTHERN RAILROAD CO. have
offices at LaSalle and Adams streets.
The ATCHISON, TOPEKA, SANTA FÉ & CHICAGO will be another
one of the gigantic railway systems entering Chicago in the near
future. The "Santa Fé," as it is called in the West, is now one
of the grandest systems in existence, and the gentlemen at its
head are recognized as among the most successful railway man-
agers in the field.
After a ride over any one of the various lines of railway that
enter the city, the stranger, if in search of pleasant occupation
that will more than repay for the time and trouble of procuring
a "turn-out," should take a drive through Drexel Boulevard, a
cut of which is here presented.

Drexel Boulevard.
ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
41
A
The Express Business.
MONG the numerous organizations that have been devel-
oped in the growth of American commerce, none are
more remarkable than the express systems. As soon as the rail-
way service had begun to grow into importance, efforts were
made to minimize the cost of sending packages by consolidating
them in single large shipments, but these efforts met, at first,
with short-sighted opposition, the railway companies erroneously
deeming them inimical to their own interests. In time, how-
ever, the economic forces which were in operation proved too
strong, and the result has been the establishment of several
gigantic express companies, whose aggregate business now is of
proportions so enormous, and whose operations are so essential to
the general convenience of the entire commercial world, as to
render them indispensable factors in all business transactions.
In this connection it will be of interest to present a brief
outline history of the express business of the country. The
sketch is full of information that should be read eagerly by those
interested in building up the business.
The London Times very properly calls the express business
an American institution. Originating in Massachusetts, its
growth and usefulness, though immense throughout this conti-
nent, is almost entirely limited to the United States.
Beginning with only forty-one miles of rail in the spring of
1839, (viz., from Boston to Providence, R. I., en route to New
York city, via Long Island Sound), its extension kept step with
the increase of rapid transit facilities, until now it is in daily
operation over all of the United States and Canada, and makes
use of over 100,000 miles of railway.
The express business is peculiar in its scope and particulars.
Its carriage must be the swiftest possible; its custody of all
T
42
COMMERCIAL AND
things intrusted to it must secure the shipper against loss or
damage; its delivery to address must be prompt and sure, and
the company must be as responsible as the best of banks; its
line of travel may include ocean, lake and river, as well as land,
but for the most part, of course, it is upon the track of the
rushing locomotive.
Wm. Frederick Harnden, the projector of the Harnden ex-
press, in 1839, foremost in that "new industry," died of con-
sumption six years after he had extended his business to Europe.
Stimson's Express History gives the date of his death as January
14, 1845. Subsequently his lines in the United States were di-
vided by purchase among Adams & Co., Thompson & Co., and
Livingston & Wells. In the last result, as the chemists say,
Harnden's enterprise accrued to the Adams and the American
express companies, enabling both to date their origin back to
1839. Certainly the name and lion's share fell to the Adams
company, an express firm began by Alvin Adams and P. B.
Burke, in Boston, in 1840, and their business was extended from
Philadelphia to Baltimore and Washington, D. C., by S. M.
Shoemaker and E. S. Sanford, a few years later, with the ap-
proval of William Dinsmore, Alvin Adams' New York partner.
In 1850 these four gentlemen became co-partners, but were not
incorporated until 1854, then the late Alfred Gaither extended
their lines west, and, as the pioneer of the Adams Express Com-
pany west of Ohio, made himself of noteworthy repute in the
southwest.
There is over fifty millions of capital invested in the express
business, and 40,000 men perform the work of it. A spirit of
fraternity pervades the several corps, and considering the in-
evitable competition between some of the companies, remarkable
suavity is preserved among the different boards of directors and
executive committees. The entire nation, no less than the great
West (of which Chicago is the metropolis), has every reason to
be proud of the express as an American invention.
1
ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
43
Lake Michigan.
THIS
HIS inland sea affords Chicago the means for transporting
the great volume of bulk freights, such as grain, iron,
lumber, stone, as well as other classes of merchantable products,
to and from the eastern shipping points, in vessels both sail and
steam, besides furnishing the city with an inexhaustible supply
of water for all purposes. There are several lines of steamers,
Summer.
The "Crib."
Winter.
both passenger and
freight,

plying
these waters,
touching at all the
cities and towns
along its shores,
passing through
the Straits and into
the other great
lakes which form
the chain of inland
seas, and thence,
by the way of the
Erie and Welland
canals, to the At-
lantic ocean.
CHICAGO RIVER furnishes a means of passage through the
city for the tonnage of the lake, and an outlet for the city's
sewerage. It also forms a connecting link with the
ILLINOIS & MICHIGAN CANAL, through which the Illinois
River is reached, the latter emptying into the Mississippi. Thus
it will be seen that a through passage by waterway is had via
and through Chicago, from the eastern seaboard to St. Paul in
44
COMMERCIAL AND
the Northwest, Manitoba in the North, and to New Orleans in
the South.
THE GOODRICH LINE of steamers is a popular one for pass-
age to Mackinaw, Milwaukee, Detroit, etc., etc., and during the
open season its fast boats leave the company's docks at regular
hours, making quick and pleasant passage.

•
SEARS
Michigan Avenue Boulevard.
ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
45
hotels.
WI
ITH the greatest railway traffic of any city in the country,
lines of railway that bring into the city daily from thirty
to fifty thousand non-residents, it follows that the hotel facilities.
should be adequate to meet the requirements made by such an

SAUGANASH HOTEL.E
Hotel of Early Days.
influx; besides, there are many thousands that prefer hotel life
and restaurant fare to that of any other, consequently Chicago
is provided with both in plentiful numbers.
·
CLIFTON HOUSE. This magnificently appointed caravan-
sary is as well known throughout the country as any hotel can
be. It is a fine brick-structure, six stories high, of modern
architecture, and is located at the northwest corner of Monroe
street and Wabash avenue. To those who are familiar with
Chicago this situation will be at once recognized as the very
center of the great South Side, and to strangers it can be said
that it is the most desirable for all classes of travelers. Cable-
cars pass the doors, which run to the south parks (these are
46
COMMERCIAL AND ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
Washington Park and Jackson Park), also to Drexel and Grand
Boulevards, and to Washington Park Club race-course. The
reputation of the proprietors and owners, Messrs. Wheelock and
Loring, is a guarantee that everything that will tend to the
comfort and entertainment of their guests is not only done, but
cheerfully done. They have now had an experience of twenty-
five years of hotel-life, and this long experience insures them at
all times a large and desirable patronage. The cuisine is one of
the main features of the Clifton, and in this respect, in fact in
any other respect, it has not a superior in any country, for Chi-

STON
Clifton House, Wabash Avenue and Monroe Streets.
cago is the entrepot of a vast country from which all the most
desirable edibles flow; consequently the very best is obtainable
here, and the Clifton gets its quota. There are two hundred
elegantly furnished rooms in the hotel, and every modern
improvement that in any way adds to the completeness of the
house or is necessary to its perfect equipment, is here provided.
For such a house, with its unexcelled management, etc., etc.,
its rates-$2.50 and $3.00 per day-are very moderate.
McCoy's NEW EUROPEAN HOTEL.-As will be seen from
the illustration, this hotel is a most magnificent architectural
triumph. Its location― corner Clark and Van Buren streets-

TICIDE
MSCOY'S
གད་
McCoy's New European Hotel, Clark and Van Buren Streets.
豆豆
​! +
47
48
COMMERCIAL AND
is in the immediate vicinity of the grandest business structures
that have ever been erected in this or any country. The Board
of Trade, U. S. Custom-house, Union League Club-house, Rock
Island R. R. depot, and the terminus of LaSalle street, where
the great trade of Chicago centers, are only a block and a half
from its doors. The hotel has two hundred and fifty superbly
furnished east, south and west front rooms, with fire alarm call
in each room, though the building is perfectly fire-proof. It is

LELAND HOTEL
Leland Hotel, Michigan Avenue and Jackson Street.
provided with hydraulic passenger elevator, and a first-class res-
taurant in the building. The rates are from one dollar a day
and upward, as guests desire. Mr. Wm. McCoy is owner and
proprietor, while Mr. Rush Field is manager.
LELAND HOTEL, Mr. Warren F. Leland, proprietor. The
situation of this house was well selected for a hotel, fronting on
Michigan Boulevard, the fashionable drive of the city, within.
full view of the lake and of Lake Park- one could hardly find
ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
49
a more desirable place to be while in the city. The management,
however, and luxuriant interior have had much to do with estab-
lishing the popularity of the Leland. It is here the guest has
every comfort and convenience possible to provide, hence the
house receives the patronage of people who expect and appreciate
being well taken care of. The rates are from $3 to $5 per day…..
SHERMAN HOUSE. There is hardly a traveler who has ever
passed through Chicago that has not heard of, visited, or been a
guest at the Sherman. In the first place its location is directly
in the midst of the heart of town-all the theaters, all the rail-

MAN UTA
Sherman House, Clark Street, cor. Randolph.
road offices, the court-house, and many of the banks are in its
immediate vicinity-hence the desirability of being at this
house. Secondly, it is one of the best equipped and well-man-
aged of hotels. Its rates are always reasonable, while the service,
the appointments, the cuisine, etc., are in every respect just what
one would desire. Mr. J. I. Pierce is proprietor.
THE TREMONT HOUSE is another grand architectural pile,.
and in this respect surpasses many of the other hotels. The
interior is furnished most luxuriantly, and this with its superb.
cuisine makes it the headquarters for a large number of the sub--
4
50
COMMERCIAL AND
1
stantial people who visit Chicago. The Tremont is now on the
American plan, with rates ranging from $3 to $4 per day. John
B. Drake & Co. are proprietors.
GRAND PACIFIC.-This hotel has a very central location
and is architecturally a handsome building. The main entrance
1/11:11/
Grand Pacific Hotel, cor. Clark and Jackson Sts.
on Clark street leads to an
inner court, the decoration of
which is on a most elaborate
scale. Throughout the entire
five hundred and over bed-
chambers, parlors, dining-
halls, corridors, etc., the up-
holstery, furnishing, interior
decoration, in fact everything
that goes to make up the per-
fect equipment of a first-class
hotel, is on a plan of mag-

nificence that entitles the house to the name of Grand Pacific.
The building and furnishing cost about $1,675,000, and Messrs.
Drake, Parker & Co. are the proprietors.
PALMER HOUSE.-There is not a traveler of any standing,
be he a commercial tourist bent on raids for gain, or whether he
be a pleasure-

seeker going
the world
round, but
that can give
you the his-
tory of the
"Palmer."
The building
is a grand
piece of archi-
tecture, both
Palmer House, cor. State and Monroe Streets.
external and internal, and contains 815 rooms, besides parlors,
dining-room, etc., etc. The house is conducted both on the
ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
51
European and American plans, the former at $1 to $2 for room
per day, the latter at from $3 to $6 per day. The cost of
building and furnishing was upwards of $2,500,000, and it
is owned by the Palmer House Company.
四
​These constitute the prin-
cipal hotels, but there are
any number of good houses
in the city ranging in price
from $1.50 to $2 per day
that are better in every
respect than many hotels in
other cities charging much
higher rates; in fact it is
often remarked by travelers
that one can get better fare
and more accommodations
at the medium hotels in
Chicago than can be had at
$5-a-day hotels in some
other places. The Washing-
ton Hotel, at the corner of
Madison and Canal streets,
is considered a No. 1 house.

KINSLEY'S RESTAURANT
AND CATERING ESTABLISH-
MENT. This beautiful piece.
of architectural construc-
tion was erected in 1885,
the style being moresque,
after the famous Alhambra
at Grenada. Few, if indeed
any city, boasts so magnifi-
cent a building for such purposes. The bay windows, of which
there are five, consist of copper en repoussé work, with graceful
gilded columns supporting terra cotta in unique designs, and
are set with stained and plate glass. The interior, however, is
Kinsley's Restaurant and Cafe.
52
COMMERCIAL AND
where the proprietor's fastidious taste has been indulged most.
The first floor, devoted to ladies and gentlemen's dining, lunch-
eon and sample rooms, is decorated in Persian colorings and
designs, with the floors laid in English tiling of costly patterns.
The second floor is the restaurant and café, and is gorgeous
in its furnishing and ornamentation. On the third floor are
the select dining rooms and banqueting rooms, while the
fourth is divided into two grand banqueting rooms 40x60 feet
each. The flooring and wainscoting is done in marble, and
the whole interior is on a scale of magnificence rarely equaled
outside of Oriental domains. Such, briefly, is the building and
furnishing, except that two handsome passenger elevators, which
are inclosed in ornamental electroplated bronze basket work —
pass up and down at all hours. As to the reputation of the
proprietor and his ability as caterer, ask the fashionable world,
the representative business men, the club men, etc., and you
will be informed that "Kinsley's" is acknowledged the equal if
not superior to anything of the kind in America.
ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
53
THE
Theaters.
HE immense floating population of Chicago always assures
a good attendance on the play, or other amusement, but
where the drama or the opera and the higher grade of artistic
amusements get their substantial support is from the commercial
devotee, who, after the daily routine of hurrying business life,
requires relaxation. The play-houses of Chicago are both ele-
gant and commodious and during the opera season present every
desirable attraction.
HOOLEY'S THEATER. In 1870 Mr. R. M. Hooley-famil-
liarly called by the profession" Uncle Dick,"-became proprie-
tor of Bryan's Hall, standing where the Grand Opera House now
is. On January 2, 1871, he opened with Hooley's Minstrels,
which had a successful run. The autumn attraction was Gio-
cometti's tragedy "Elizabeth," but when October 9 arrived, the
fire had left the city and Hooley's in ruins. By the middle of
October, 1872, Hooley's new theater was finished on the present
site-Randolph street, opposite the city hall. It is 112x65 feet,
the auditorium is 67x65 feet, 65 feet high and the stage 66x45
feet. The grand hallway leading to foyer entrance is twenty
feet wide, while the interior is both comfortable, cosy and taste-
fully decorated with twelve richly upholstered private boxes.
Many, prominent in dramatic and operatic art, have appeared
here, and many popular attractions, authors and actors received
their introduction to fame here; from here Robson and Crane
started their brilliant combination; so, too, "Adonis," with Dixey
in the title role - it was through Mr. Hooley's efforts that the
piece was first presented-he saw its worth, its phenomenal
success proves it. Bartley Campbell, the brilliant author, also
dates his success as a playwright from Hooley's. The house is
specially ventilated with patent ventilators and smoke-escape
54
COMMERCIAL AND
and as the proscenium is principally cast iron, it is therefore
practically fire-proof. Light opera and high grade comedy
reign at Hooley's, and Mr. Augustin Daly's combinations occupy
the boards every summer.
THE COLUMBIA THEATER is one of the most popular amuse-
ment houses in Chicago. Its seating capacity is over 2,800 The
interior decorations are on the

101
1:
most elaborate scale, and at
this date, August, 1887, the
whole theater, external and in-
ternal, is a model of artistic.
attractiveness. The entrance
is through a spacious and ele-
gantly decorated hallway, the
walls and ceiling of which are
covered with papier-mache of
unique and original designs,
and the wainscot of tile and
mosaic work. This popular
theater was erected in 1880,
and on the opening night pre-
sented Shakespeare's "Twelfth
Night," with Robson and
Crane respectively as Sir An-
drew Aguecheek and Sir Toby
Belch. It has always been a
first-class play-house, only the
higher grade performances be-
ing permitted, and its stage
has been occupied by all the
leading stars and combinations. The Columbia is conducted by
a company whose president is Mr. J. M. Hill, and whose treas-
urer is Mr. Dan'l Shelby, with Mr. E. Hopkins, Jr., secretary.
dude
J
LEAM]
PUOLEN
2911
1-411
Columbia Theater, 104 to 110 Monroe Street.
McVICKER'S THEATER is now in its thirtieth year of con-
tinued success. There is not in all the country another play-
house more perfect in its entirety than McVicker's, of Chicago.
ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
55
This magnificent theater stands unique. It combines the good
qualities of other famous theaters in Europe and America, with
original ideas of the veteran actor and manager, J. H. McVicker,
practically expressed in foyer, auditorium and stage, showing
the acme of excellence, which the science of theater construction
and equipment has attained. McVicker's is luxurious and in
decoration equals, if not surpasses, the parlor and drawing-room
appointments of the most costly residences. The chairs are

IME VICKERI.
McVicker's Theater, Madison near State Street.
built for ease and comfort, while the boxes are perfect gems.
The cooling apparatus for hot weather works like a charm, and
the heating and ventilating is so perfect that the house is filled
with fresh air continually. Behind the scenes in a theater is to
the average patron a tantalizing, curiosity-inciting sort of place
that is mysterious as the interior of the dark continent. If a
patron of this theater desires to become acquainted with a realm
of novelties, write to the management for a copy of " McVicker's
+
56
COMMERCIAL AND
Observanda Accueil," a well written and clearly illustrated book
of fifty pages, showing McVicker's as it is.
ACADEMY OF MUSIC, located on the West Side, on Halsted
street near Madison, is the property of Mr. Dan'l Shelby. The
interior decorations, including the vestibule, are in rich and artis-
tic designs, a blending of harmonious browns, olives, Molichile
greens relieved by crimson, gold and silver that presents a charm-

16226
LELFLERE
MUSIC E
THELBY5XXX
me
Academy of Music, Halsted near Madison Street.
ing effect. The curtain is a portraiture of numerous excellently
executed figures representing a scene entitled "Rewarding the
Bull-fighter," and is the handsomest found in any Chicago
theater. The seats are comfortable, the heating and ventilation
perfect, and the management provides only first-class attractions,
a new company being on the boards every following week during
the season.
ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
57
THE CHICAGO OPERA HOUSE is one of the prominent theaters
in the city, and is located on Washington street, opposite the
county building. Only the higher grade of plays, operas, etc., are
presented. Mr. John Norton, of St. Louis, an actor and man-
ager, was the founder.
THE GRAND OPERA HOUSE, formerly Bryan Hall, then
Hooley's Opera House, and under the management of Mr. R. M.
Hooley up to the fire, when it was destroyed, was rebuilt, and is
now located at 87 Clark street.
STANDARD THEATER is on the West Side, at Halsted and
Jackson streets. Its interior is very fine both in decoration and
arrangement, and there is a double balcony, parquette circle and
ten private boxes. The heating and ventilation is perfect, and
it is a first-class house in all respects, presenting standard per-
formances during the season.
THE LYCEUM is also on the West Side, the location being
Desplaines street, north, half a block from Madison. This house
is a perfect little gem, with its balcony, upper tier, orchestra
chairs, private boxes and beautiful frescoes. It presents variety
performances of the better class, and seats about twelve hundred
persons very comfortably.
CRITERION THEATER is on the North Side, at the corner of
Division and Sedgwick streets. The seating capacity is some
seventeen hundred and its furnishing decorations and equipment
are of the very best. It presents to its patrons the legitimate
drama.
OLYMPIC THEATER. This is one of the oldest of the theaters,
and is on Clark street, north of Randolph. It has a handsome
auditorium running parallel with the street. This is a great
variety house where the very best combinations, representing a
varied line of novel specialties, appear. The management con-
ducts the theater on the popular plan of moderate prices, con-
sequently there is always a full house.
THE PEOPLE'S is another variety theater, presenting also the
drama. The location is on State, south, at 339, and its seating
capacity is about two thousand persons.
4
58
COMMERCIAL AND
THE HALSTED STREET OPERA HOUSE provides a variety list
of attractions, and is located at Halsted and Harrison streets.
The house will hold about eight hundred people.
THE NATIONAL THEATER will accommodate about one thou-
sand, and is on Clybourn avenue, 26 and 28.
THE EXPOSITION BUILDING, in which exhibitions are held
yearly of mechanical and industrial products, is a mammoth
structure of glass and iron, located on the lake front, just south
of Lake Park and foot of Monroe and Adams streets.
There are any number of entertainment halls throughout
the city, among them:
HERSHEY MUSIC HALL, which seats one thousand. It is on
Madison near State street.
FARWELL HALL, on Madison near LaSalle, is used principally
for religious meetings, lectures, etc., and seats 1,800 people.
APOLLO HALL, in Central Music Hall building, is a small
auditorium, used principally for rehearsals and private concerts.
It seats four hundred.
WEBER MUSIC HALL seats four hundred, and is at Wabash
avenue and Jackson street.
DIME MUSEUMS, as the places are called where the freaks of
nature, curios both of nature and mechanisms are exhibited, also
give stage performance at intervals during the day and evening.
There is one on West Madison street and one on Randolph street.
WEST SIDE DRIVING PARK holds regular meetings during the
fall and spring, at which there are trials of speed between
horses. The track (or course) is a good one and the buildings
erected for the accommodation of the attending thousands ample,
while the stabling is only fair. The meeting which closed in
August had a run of some three weeks, with many of the famous
turf racers of the country competing for the liberal purses of-
fered by the club management. The course is on Madison
street, just against Garfield Park.
WASHINGTON PARK is mentioned in the chapter on clubs.
THE CENTRAL DRIVING PARK occupies a portion of Garfield
Park not yet improved, and is an association of private horse
ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
59

SEEE
JALA, A
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1181
127
FOLIO
nam
CHICAGO-ENO-CO.
Michigan Avenue Boulevard Exposition Building
JIM
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TANK TAG TAG TAGTATIK
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60
COMMERCIAL AND
owners who enjoy speeding there for pleasure and in contests of
friendly rivalry.
THE CASINO THEATER is in the large building, corner of Kin-
zie and North Clark streets. Variety performances rule.
GRENIER'S THEATER, known formerly as Grenier's Garden,
is situated at Madison and Throop streets.
MADISON STREET THEATER, at one time the home house of
the famous Haverly Minstrels, is on Madison street, between
State and Dearborn.
THE PARK THEATER is a variety house, located at 335 State
street, south.
THE PRINCESS OPERA HOUSE, a small but attractive place
for amusements, is at 560 West Madison street.
THE STAR THEATER, a small house, will be found at 1113
Milwaukee avenue.
THE WINDSOR THEATER is a new addition to the stage facil-
ities of Chicago, and is a very bright, well arranged and com-
modious theater, in which first-class plays are presented. Loca-
tion, 468 North Clark street.
THE HAYMARKET THEATER is just being built, and from the
plans and design, promises to be the equal of any play-house in
the city. The front on Madison street is built of red pressed
brick, with stone trimmings. The entrance from Madison street
will be through a handsome and commodious lobby, with side
entrances and exits for the upper tier. The entrance is built
out from the face of the main front in a half circle, and is car-
ried up to the top of the building, making a very attractive
architectural feature of the design and construction. Mr. W.
L. Davis is the owner.
CENTRAL MUSIC HALL, a cut of which is on page 62, has a
large auditorium, also a small hall.
THE CHICAGO MUSICAL COLLEGE is in the building.
ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
61
.
·
Panoramas.
WORKS OF ART ON CANVAS. REALISTIC VIEWS OF Great
BATTLES FIRST INTRODUCED IN CHICAGO.
AFTER the great war had closed in this country between
the sections, North and South, the idea of reproducing the
actual scenes of the greatest of the battles that took place, was
suggested and carried through to such perfection that the par-
ticipants in those struggles who have viewed the different pan-
oramas here pronounce them wonderfully real. The fiercest
fighting of the period, and the most stubbornly contested battle
of the time is acknowledged to be that of "Shiloh," a marvel-
ous painting of which is on exhibition in Panorama building,
on Michigan avenue, between Madison and Monroe streets, op-
posite the Exposition building. The criticisms of those who
are highly competent to judge of such scenes will convey a bet-
ter idea of this wonderful exhibition than could the writer:
General W. T. Sherman, in company with several other dis-
tinguished gentlemen, visited the panorama of the battle of
Shiloh. After dinner, at the Grand Pacific hotel, he said to
a number of gentlemen who were in his room:
"I have been to see the battle of Shiloh. It is all right, and
you should all see it. I think it is the finest thing in the
world."-Chicago Times.
"To look upon the life-like painting of the battle of Shiloh,
and hear General Prentiss describe its thrilling incidents, and
point out the groups of leading officers, among which are seen
General Grant and staff, was, to me, an hour of strange and im-
pressive interest."-H. W. Thomas, Chicago, Oct. 24, 1885.
Professor Swing says: "The panorama of Shiloh places the
spectator in the middle of the hottest fight. He does not look
62
COMMERCIAL AND
upon the scene from afar, but he is among the shot and fire and
the troops. The scene is fearfully real."-David Swing, Chi-
cago, Oct. 30, 1885.
The Battle of Gettysburg, another fine panoramic scene, is
also on exhibition here. It is in a building erected for the pur-
pose at Wabash and Hubbard Court.
!
The latest addition to such exhibitions, that is paintings on
stationary canvas, representing historical scenes on a large scale,
is Jerusalem at the time of the crucifixion. It is well worth
seeing.

0100
1.4.2 ச
CENTRAL
MUSIC HALL GUIDE ORALAHANANJA
LWAUKEE AV
Central Music Hall, State and Randolph Streets.
STATE
ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
63
!
IN
The Press.
N 1833 the first newspaper ever published in Chicago
made its appearance on November 26, with a circula-
tion at this day unknown. To-day the circulation of the
daily papers of the town will reach half a million copies.
HIMES D
HEL
The Times
occupies its
own fire-
proof build-
ing, Fifth
avenue and
Washington
street. It is

80x183 feet
front, five
stories high.
The Times
is a leading
morning
issue, inde-
pendent in
politics, in-
MYALLY CO
Times Building, 5th Avenue and Washington Street.
deed, inde-
pendent in all its management. It is the only daily still selling
at five cents per copy, but as the Times is one of the best news-
papers in the country, its rate is not objected to and its readers
are as eager for their Times as if a smaller charge was made.
The Tribune occupies its own building, which is a fine one
and a fine piece of property, standing as it does on one of the
principal corners of the city, Madison and Dearborn streets.
The Tribune is the great Republican morning issue, and is not
64
COMMERCIAL AND
only read by the Chicago public, but has a wide field of circula-
tion in the territory surrounding. This can be said, however, of
all the Chicago papers, for with the best of railway mail service,

TE
CHICAGO TRIBUNE AMOU
}
miki
VIRIBUNE
Tribune Building, Madison and Dearborn Streets.
and prosperous towns and cities in close proximity, the Chicago
press is looked to for the news by all these adjacent places.
«
ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
65
The Tribune is issued for three cents, with a Sunday edition
at five cents.
The Inter-Ocean, Republican in politics, occupies the prem-
ises 85 Madison street. Its circulation, especially its weekly, is
very large throughout the country districts. The management
of this paper is very energetic and uses every legitimate means.
to further the interest of their publication.

L
་་་་་་ ་་་ ་་་་
RALD
་་་ ་་
THE CHICAGO HERALD.
RESTETARE
Herald Building, 120 Fifth Avenue.
The Chicago Herald, 120 Fifth avenue, is a bright, short para-
graph, full-of-news, morning daily at two cents a copy, the
kind of paper to give you the news while waiting for your coffee
to cool, and not only the news of the world but editorial expres-
sions on all the leading questions of the day in a concise form,
that he who runs may catch the gist.
The Daily News is both a morning and afternoon paper; its
morning edition is sold at two cents per copy, its 12, 3 and 5
5
66
COMMERCIAL AND
o'clock editions at one cent per copy. Its extras appear as fast
as it is possible to obtain news when there is any important
event transpiring. It owns and occupies the building at 123
Fifth avenue.
The Journal is the representative evening Republican paper.
Its building at 159-61 Dearborn street is a handsome and commo-
dious structure. The Journal issues two afternoon editions.
The Mail is a newsy sheet, published at one cent, from its
building 118 Fifth avenue. It has a 12, 3 and 5 o'clock edition,
but may have a dozen more if occasion requires. The Mail is
abreast of the period and furnishes the public with everything
in the way of news very soon after the events occur.
GERMAN DAILIES.
Staats Zeitung, Fifth avenue and Washington street.
Neue Freie Presse, located at 76 Fifth avenue, with both
morning and evening editions.
1
.
ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
67
Military.
T¹
HE headquarters of the Department of the Missouri of
United States Government troops and military divisions is
in the Pullman building.
ILLINOIS NATIONAL GUARD.
FIRST BRIGADE STAFF at 1st Cavalry building, Michigan av-
enue, foot of Monroe street.

FIRST REGIMENT of In-
fantry, at Armory 22 to 26
Jackson street.
SECOND REGIMENT of
Infantry, Washington Bou-
levard, corner Curtis street.
BATTERY D FIRST AR-
TILLERY, Armory Michigan
avenue, foot of Monroe
street.
FIRST CAVALRY, Armory
Michigan avenue, foot of
Monroe street.
INDEPENDENT
nies are numerous.
compa-
HIBERNIA RIFLES are at
192 Washington street.
|
CHICAGO ZOUAVES at
Armory First Infantry, 22-26 Jackson Street.
Battery D.
CLAN-NA-GAEL GUARDS, Armory 192 Washington street.
LUCKEY ZOUAVES, 181 Monroe street.
CHICAGO LIGHT INFANTRY (colored).
.
68
COMMERCIAL AND

.......
H D
VEFOR
HE H H H
IF FF FF LE
Union League Club House.
ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
69
THE
The Clubs.
HE Union League Club occupies one of the handsomest club
buildings in the city, a cut of which is here shown. Archi-
tecturally, it is a magnificent pile. Its interior, of course, is on
a scale of elegance commensurate with the wealth and taste of
its members, who are gentlemen of prominence in the commun-
ity. The location is very central, being just opposite the south
end of the Custom House on Jackson street. The club was or-
ganized in 1879.

DOOOOOOOONGOOD
Union Club House.
THE UNION CLUB, on the North Side, at Dearborn avenue
and Washington Park place, own and occupy a club house whose
70
COMMERCIAL AND
*
massive construction, original design and model interior is a
triumph of architectural splendor. The club membership con-
sists of gentlemen of affluence who are recognized as the substan-
tial citizens of Chicago. The design of the interior is modeled
somewhat after the colonial or old English type, when the fire-
places were capable of receiving the huge back-log, and the
hearth stove was the gathering place for good cheer.
THE LAKESIDE CLUB occupies spacious and elaborately fur-
nished buildings at Thirtieth street and Wabash avenue.
THE CALUMET CLUB owns the building they occupy, which
is on the corner of Michigan avenue and Twentieth street.
Here is another

wealthy club whose
membership in-
cludes prominent
men of all careers,
but mostly business
men. The main
dining hall has a
capacity for seating
three hundred
guests at table at
Calumet Club House.'
one time, besides there are three private dining rooms which
can be thrown into one grand salon if occasion requires.
THE IROQUOIS CLUB, originally the Chicago Democratic Club,
have no building at present; one however is contemplated, and
when finished will be the grandest club building yet erected
here. They occupy handsome rooms in Honore Block, Dearborn
street. The Iroquois is a powerful organization and makes itself
felt in national politics. It numbers among its members men of
high standing socially and politically.
THE ILLINOIS CLUB occupy the premises 154 South Ash-
land avenue, and the buildings and ground are very attractive.
The furnishings, decorations and works of art of the interior
form a combination of beautiful surroundings that are very rare
even in so rich a club as the Illinois. Their musical and literary
ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
71
entertainments are highly enjoyed by those fortunate enough to
be present. Ashland avenue is the fashionable thoroughfare of
the West Side.
THE COMMERCIAL CLUB is composed of a limited number of
representative business men, whose desire is to further the com-
mercial interests of the city and for social intercourse, as well as
to entertain commercial magnates from other cities when in
Chicago.
THE BANKERS' CLUB, composed of the leading bankers of
the city, meets quarterly for the sole purpose of enjoying a
social interchange of friendships.

E
Chicago Club.
city in a literary way.
Clark street.
THE CHICAGO CLUB own the build-
ing they occupy, which is on Monroe
street, between State street and Wabash
avenue. The interior is elegantly de-
signed, superbly furnished, and is the
social resort of its wealthy and fashion-
able members.
THE WEST SIDE CLUB' have an
elegant building at 451 Washington
boulevard.
THE PRESS CLUB is a social organ-
ization, composed of gentlemen con-
nected with the newspapers of the
They have handsome rooms at 133
THE MERCANTILE CLUB is also a business-man's social organi-
zation, with rooms at 136 Madison street.
THE STANDARD CLUB is composed principally of Jewish
gentlemen, and occupies rooms at 1302 Michigan avenue.
WASHINGTON PARK CLUB is the aristocratic racing associa-
tion of Chicago. The race course is one of the finest and most
liberally managed in this country. The club house at the course
is a palatial affair, while the whole plant of grand stand, booths,
betting stands, club and other stables are on the most magnifi-
cent and appropriate scale. Lieut. Gen. Phil H. Sheridan is

72
Washington Park Club,
Sixty-first Street and South Park Avenue.
ÎNME VE KE
JEEMEN
1
COMMERCIAL AND ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
73
president, Mr. John R. Walsh, treasurer, and Mr. John E.
Brewster, secretary.
THE CHANNING CLUB has rooms at 135 Wabash avenue,
and has for its object the interests of the Unitarians.
THE CANADIAN CLUB is composed of Canadians and their
descendants, and such others as these may elect.
THE UNITY CLUB meets for the purpose of discussing liter-
ary and art subjects.

THE UNION VET-
ERAN CLUB, 163 Wash-
ington street, is Re-
publican in politics,
but reserves the right
to act independently
when the interests of
union veterans are at
stake.
THE HEATH CLUB
is composed almost en-
tirely of Scotchmen,
who meet for literary
and social enjoyment
at 153 Clark street.
THE IRISH AMERI-
CAN CLUB, 90 Wash-
ington street, is the
oldest club of the
kind in this country; it is social and literary in its purposes.
Farragut Club House.
THE FARRAGUT BOAT CLUB own a beautiful club house, a
cut of which is here shown, and it is one of the most influential
clubs in boating circles in this country. Some of the crews and
individual scullers from this club have captured honorable prizes
in their contests with the pick of other clubs and associations
during the past year.
THE CHICAGO LITERARY CLUB has a suite in the Portland
Block, 184 Dearborn street; and is composed of some of the
74
COMMERCIAL AND
most distinguished literary gentlemen in the country. The club
has an auditorium in which such matters as may be interesting
are discussed.
The club gives an annual entertainment at one of the
theaters and an anniversary banquet usually at one of the
principal hotels.
THE THIRTEEN CLUB meets on the 13th of each month in
room 13 of the Grand Pacific, and is social and charitable in
its purpose.
THE CHICAGO YACHT CLUB has a club house at 189 Michi-
gan avenue and a superb fleet of yachts owned by its members,
some of which are very handsome craft and very fast. This
club has done much to keep up the interest in yachting in the
west.
Among the other boat clubs are:
THE CATLIN BOAT CLUB, club house at Cedar lake.
THE EVANSTON BOAT CLUB, with club house at Evanston.
Its members are Chicagoans who reside at Evanston.
THE DELAWARE BOAT CLUB, with club house near water
works on the north side.
THE OGDEN BOAT CLUB has a boat house on the North Side at
Superior street; and the others are-
THE CHICAGO CANOE Club.
The Tippy Canoe Club.
The Iroquois Boat Club.
THE SPORTSMEN CLUBS ARE:
The Cumberland, with club house on the Louisville, New
Albany & Chicago R. R.
The Tolleston Club, with club house at Calumet Lake.
The Audubon Club.
The Chicago Sharpshooters' Association.
The Diana Hunting Club.
The North Chicago Sharpshooters.
The Chicago Shooting Club.
The English Lake Shooting Club.
The Mak-Saw-Ba Club.
1
ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
75
The Fox Lake Shooting and Fishing Club have a lovely place
on Fox Lake.
The South End Shooting Club.
The Sportsmen's Club of Chicago.
The Lake View Rifle Club.
The S. W. Chicago Sharpshooters.
The Lake George Sporting Association.
The Vermillion Gun Club.
The Geo. H. Thomas Rifle Club.
ATHLETIC CLUBS AND ASSOCIATIONS:
The Chicago Cricket Club.
The Wanderer's Cricket Club.
The St. George's Cricket Club.
The Chicago Curling Club.
The Chicago Racquet Club.
The Chicago Bicycle Club.
The Hermes Bicycle Club.
The Armory Bicycle Club.
The Chicago Polo Club.
The Princess Polo Club.
The Chicago Bowling Club.
The Chicago Tennis Club.
76
COMMERCIAL AND
Societies.
HE SARACEN meets at residences of members.
T¹
The Chicago Liberal League, Madison and Halsted streets.
THE SOCIETY OF ETHICAL CULTURE.-Secretary can be found
at 170 State street.
THE MORAL EDUCATIONAL SOCIETY meets at Grand Pacific.
Secretary 383 Washington Boulevard.
THE MARGARET FULLER SOCIETY meets at Grand Pacific
hotel.
THE ILLINOIS ASSOCIATION OF SONS OF VERMONT meets semi-
annually, room 70, Government Building.
THE GARIBALDI LEGION meets at Uhlich's Hall.
THE SONS OF MAINE hold social reunions at the Palmer
House.
THE VIRGINIA SOCIETY, natives of Virginia and their de-
scendants, meets at the Palmer House.
THE CHICAGO BAR ASSOCIATION meets in room 71, County
Building.
THE CITIZENS' ASSOCIATION has room 35,
has room 35, Merchants'
Building, 92 LaSalle street.
THE CHICAGO BASE BALL CLUB. This is an organization.
whose purpose is to furnish open air sport for the thousands
who enjoy athletic exercises, and from the popularity of the
game of base ball (or old town ball as it was originally called
before the professional athletes took hold) nearly the entire popu-
lace enjoy the sport. Base ball is the American national sport,
and as Chicago is a town that is patriotic, the game is well pat-
ronized here. There are several base-ball associations or leagues,
that is, a number of clubs composed of nine men or more, each
club managed by its own organization, but the several clubs -
generally eight in number-forming a league or association.
ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
The clubs play a series of games with each other and the club
holding the highest per cent of games won as against games played
is declared the champion of the general organization to which it
belongs. After winning the "pennant" (as winning the highest
average is called), the different "pennant nines" of the various
leagues or associations may play a series of games for the cham-
pionship of the United States. The Chicago club have a fair
piece of ground on which they play games, with grand stand and
seating capacity of very good quality. Mr. A. G. Spalding, at
one time a ball player himself, but now at the head of the large
sporting-goods house of A. G. Spalding & Bros., is president of
the club here.
THE UNION RIDING CLUB has a spacious club house at 529
North Clark street.
78
COMMERCIAL AND

5
West Division High School, Ogden Avenue, Lincoln and Congress Streets-Geo. P. Wells, Principal.
ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
79
Educational.
CHICAGO is well supplied with educational establishments,
both public and private, yet it is generally believed that if
10 per cent more room were afforded to the already large number
of buildings belonging to the public school system, the attend-
ance would be larger in that proportion. With the rapid growth
of the city's population it has been almost impossible to provide
the proper public school facilities; as the demand arose, however,
new buildings are being added each year, and it is the constant
effort of the school board to meet the public want in this respect.
Several large buildings have been added the past year, one of
which, the West Side High School, is perhaps the finest and larg-
est. It is an attractive piece of architecture, and to its interior
has been applied all the conveniences that experience could sug-
gest. The cut of this and of Tilden School will give a proper
idea of the size and style of the later public school buildings
erected in Chicago.
The following table of statistics from the report of the super-
intendent of public schools will be of interest.
NUMBER OF BUILDINGS-1879-80. 1880-81. 1881-82. 1882-83. 1883-84. 1884-85. 1885-86.
Owned by the city.
Rented...
59
61 67
68 75
79
91
14
12
9
8
7
5
૭
2
TEACHERS.
NUMBER OF PRINCIPALS-
1883-84---
-1884-85-
-1885-86
Male. Female. Male. Female. Male. Female.
In High Schools.....
3
0
3
0
3
0
In Gram'r and Primary Schools 26
33
29
38
Total Number of Principals.. 29
33
32 38
888
32
42
35
42

80
"
M
CONECEF
THI
7.
Tilden School Building, West Lake Street, Corner of Elizabeth Street.
COMMERCIAL AND ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
81
NUMBER OF ASSISTANTS-
}
In High Schools...
In Gram'r and Primary Schools 0 1093
Special Teachers..
Total Number of Assistants.. 19 1114
Total of Principals and Ass'nts 48 1147
Total Number of Teachers... 1195
-1883-84
Male. Female.
17 20
-1884-85-
Male. Female.
-1885-86-
Male. Female.
17
22
18 29
0 1184
0
1310
2 1
2
1
3
3
19 1207
21 1342
51 1245
1296
56 1384
1440
SCHOOL CENSUS.
School
Census
School
Census
School School
Census
Census
of 1880.
of 1882.
of 1884.
Total Population of the City.
Under 21 Years of Age..
Between the Ages of 6 and 21 Years..
Between the Ages of 6 and 16 Years.
Under 6 Years of Age....
of 1886.
491,516 560,693 629,985 703,817
219,622 241,693 263,111 288,202
137,035 155,166 169,384 181,243
97,181 110,389 120,936 129,227
82,067 86,545 93,727 106,929
At the close of the school year in June there were 77,132 sit-
tings, an increase of 9,814 over the previous year. Of these 236
were in rented rooms.
The following new buildings were opened during the year:
Daté.
Name.
Sept. 6-Haven.
Sept. 6- Anderson.
•
Sept. 6-King Addition..
Sept. 6-Garfield Addition..
Sept. 6-Thomas Hoyne.
Oct. 19-Burr Addition..
•
Oct. 19-Montefiore Addition.
Jan. 4-Healy..
No. of Rooms.
Grade.
Grammar.
22
.Grammar.
Grammar.
Grammar.
Grammar.
15
• •
6
•
12
15
•
Grammar.
12
•
•
•
•
.Primary.
9
.Primary.
15
•
•
Primary..
15
•
•
Grammar.
15
Mar. 1-Cooper..
Mar. 27- Brainard...
Mar. 29-Grant..
Primary
15
• •
May 3-Cottage Grove Addition... Primary.
8
•
May 24-Manierre....
.Primary.
15
May 31-Froebel.
.Grammar.
18
•
192
The buildings now in process of construction will relieve most
of the crowded districts, but the growth of the city requires from
6
82
COMMERCIAL AND ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
ninety to one hundred additional teachers each year, or enough
for six or seven fifteen-room buildings.
In regard to the private educational institutions, seminaries,
academies, etc., no community is better provided, and some of •
the different establishments under this class rank very high.
NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY, REV. JOSEPH CUMMINGS,
D.D., LL.D., PRESIDENT, is located in Evanston, which is the
most beautiful suburb of Chicago, and is one of the best and
most healthy summer resorts on the great lakes, having all the
advantages of city and all the enjoyments of rural life. It is a
model university village, and unusually free from immoral
influences. By the laws of the State the sale of intoxicating
drinks is forbidden within four miles of the university.
The university campus contains thirty acres on the shore of
Lake Michigan. The buildings are shaded by native oaks through
which one catches glimpses of the blue waters of the great lake.
There are connected with the university one hundred pro-
fessors and instructors, and more than thirteen hundred students.
In all the departments the highest advantages of education
are given at a moderate cost.
The university includes the following departments:
1. The College of Liberal Arts, which has four regular
courses of study and opportunity for a select course.
2. The College of Medicine: Nathan S. Davis, M.D.,
LL.D., Dean.
3. The College of Law: Hon. Henry Booth, LL.D., Dean.
4. The College of Pharmacy: Oscar Oldberg, Pharm. D.,
Dean.
5. The
The College of Oral and Dental Surgery: John S.
Marshall, M.D., Dean.
6. The Preparatory School: Rev. Herbert F. Fisk, A.M.,
Dean.
7. The School of Elocution: Robert L. Cumnock, A. M.,
Dean.
8. The Conservatory of Music: Oren E. Locke, Director.
9. Department of Art: Catherine Beal, B.P., Director.

Heck Hall.
|tius!
Northwestern University, Evanston.
RAND MCNALLY-89.
College of Liberal Arts.
83
84
COMMERCIAL AND ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
10. Garrett Biblical Institute: Rev. Henry B. Ridgaway,
D.D., President.
11. Swedish Theological Seminary: Rev. Albert Ericson,
A.M., President.
12. Norwegian and Danish Theological Seminary: Rev.
N. E. Simonson, A. M., Dean.
The Woman's College is a large and elegant building that
gives to young women the advantages of a well-regulated home.
Rena A. Michaels, Ph.D., Dean.
There is also a college cottage which offers special advantages
to young women of limited means.

MILPERT-CHANDLER CW
1. E.
H H
Science Hall-N. W. University Campus.
The three theological schools are on the grounds of the
university, but are under distinct corporations.
The colleges of medicine, of law, of pharmacy and of dental
and oral surgery are in Chicago, and the other departments are
in Evanston.
In the college of liberal arts, the college of law, and in the
departments of elocution, of music and of art, young women are
admitted to the same privileges, the same courses of study, and
receive the same degrees as young men.
In the preparatory school, the special work of which is to
prepare students for college, so as to meet the most advanced

J.G.Binny!
ti
பிராணி
•
WOMANS COLLEGE
Woman's College, Northwestern University Campus.
.
85
86
COMMERCIAL AND
!
requirements of the highest and best colleges of the country.
There is also provision for a general academic education for
students who wish to prepare themselves for the study of medi-
cine, law, teaching in the public schools or for business. There
has recently been erected on the college campus a large and well-
furnished Hall of Science which affords unusually good accom-
modations for the departments of chemistry and physics.
Practical instruction is given in the laboratories in this
building in the departments of chemistry and physics, and also
in the biological laboratory in University Hall.
Museum.—The university museum contains large and valu-
able collections for illustrating the departments of natural his-
tory. The specimens are properly labeled and are well adapted
to aid the student. The museum contains:
1. An Herbarium, consisting of nine large and valuable
collections of plants from various parts of the country.
2. A zoological collection of five thousand specimens.
3. A collection of specimens in mineralogy, lithology and
geology.
4. In ethnology, it contains a number of well selected speci-
mens, illustrating various stages of civilization.
Library.-The University library contains about twenty-six
thousand volumes, besides eight thousand unbound pamphlets.
It contains a large number of books for general reading and ref-
erence, and for use in the several departments of study.
It is unusually complete in the department of Greek and
Latin literature. Every author is represented by the best edi-
tions from the earliest date. In the related subjects, also, of
archæology, criticism and history, the library is correspondingly
full, so that in the special field of classical philology it ranks
with the best in America. In modern literature it is well sup-
plied with standard works in German, French, Spanish and
Italian. There is also a valuable selection of books, illustrating
the history and best productions of the fine arts.
There is a reading-room in connection with the library, open
morning and afternoon, supplied with a good collection of
ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
87
reviews and other periodicals. Every student is entitled to its
privileges.
A generous gift has recently been made for an astronomical
observatory, and arrangements are nearly completed to secure
the Telescope, Meridian Circle and other instruments that have
been in the Dearborn Observatory in Chicago. This telescope,
whose object glass is eighteen and a half inches in diameter, is
one of the best, as lately it was the largest telescope in the world.
Numerous and valuable discoveries have been made with it.
Gentlemen of liberality and large means have also promised
a library building, which will be one of the finest and best in
the country.
The endowment of the university is large and rapidly increas-
ing by the sale and lease of property which has been unproduc-
tive. In a very few years its income will be largely increased
and then there will be a corresponding increase in its resources
and facilities for instruction.
GARRETT BIBLICAL INSTITUTE.-In 1853 there was but one
theological seminary in the Methodist Episcopal Church. This
was founded through the labors of Rev. John Dempster, D. D.,
at Concord, N. H. Mrs. Eliza Garrett, of Chicago, by the
death of her husband, became possessed of a large property in
the city of Chicago, which she determined to devote to the
founding of a theological school. In December, 1853, a will
was drawn to carry this design into effect. In the succeeding
winter, Dr. Dempster, in pursuance of a plan to found such a
school in the West, visited Chicago and learned the purpose of
Mrs. Garrett. In January, 1854, the school was opened under
the charge of Rev. Dr. Dempster, D. D., Rev. William Good-
fellow, A. M., and the Rev. W. T. Wright, A. M. The first
term began with four and closed with sixteen students. In
1865, the number of students had so increased that an appeal
was made to the women of the church to erect a more commodi-
ous building, to be dedicated as a memorial to Barbara Heck,
which was finished in 1867, at a cost of $57,000. In 1887 a
new hall was finished at a cost of $40,000. This is called
COMMERCIAL AND
88
Memorial Hall. It is dedicated to lecture rooms, studies for
the professors, a reading-room, a library room, and a memorial
chapel, furnished with beautiful opal glass windows of rich
design.
This building has been erected through the wise labors of
the present president, Rev. Dr. H. B. Ridgaway. More than a
thousand students have already been in attendance. It has a

भरत
199
Memorial Hall, Garrett Biblical Institute one of the group of Northwestern University Campus-
Evanston.
full faculty of eight members, offers three courses of study, and
had, during the year 1886-7, one hundred and thirty-two
students. It has all the equipments of a first-class theological
seminary, and an ample financial endowment. Aid is furnished
indigent students, and a special fund is provided for those who
devote themselves to foreign missionary labors.
FACULTY.—Rev. Henry B. Ridgaway, D. D., president, and
Cornelia Miller, professor of practical theology; Rev. Miner
ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
89
Raymond, D. D., LL. D., professor of systematic theology;
Rev. Charles F. Bradley, D. D., professor of New Testament
Exegesis; Rev. Milton S. Terry, D. D., professor of Old Testa-
ment Exegesis; Rev. Charles W. Bennett, D. D., LL. D., pro-
fessor of historical theology; Robert L. Cumnock, A. M., pro-
fessor of elocution; Rev. Charles Horswell, B. D., instructor in
Greek and Hebrew; Rev. Nels E. Simonsen, B. D., principal of
the Norwegian-Danish department.
THE CHICAGO MEDICAL COLLEGE was founded in 1859 as
the medical department of Lind University. It is now the
medical department of the Northwestern University. The col-
lege which is rep-
resented here by a
cut of the build-
ing is located at
Twenty-sixth
street and Prairie
avenue. The in-
struction consists
of a practitioner's
course, a regular
three years'

course, and one
買​台
​other year if de-
sired. It was
Chicago Medical College.
tors Johnson, Davis, Byford, Andrews, Isham
founded by Doc-
and Rutler, and
its officers now are N. S. Davis, M.D., LL.D., dean, and Wal-
ter Hay, M.D., LL.D., secretary.
UNION COLLEGE OF LAW.-This school of law was originally
organized in the fall of 1859 as the Law Department of the
University of Chicago, with an endowment of $5,000, by the late
Hon. Thomas Hoyne. It was opened with an attendance of
twelve students, Hon. Henry Booth, the present dean, being
the first professor. It is now connected with the Northwestern
University as its law department. The school has steadily in-
90
COMMERCIAL AND
creased in numbers, popularity and favor with the legal profes-
sion, until the average attendance is now about 150 students. A
graded course of instruction is offered requiring two collegiate
years of thirty-six weeks each for its completion; and the diploma,
with the degree of bachelor of laws, when conferred after a full
course in the school, is a passport to the bar of Illinois. The
method is by critical, familiar examination upon the subjects,
read by the students in the text-books carefully selected for
their perusal, with full exposition, occasional lectures, moot
courts, etc. Two hours are spent each day with each class in the
examinations.
The faculty consists of the following named gentlemen: Hon.
Henry Booth, LL.D., dean; Hon. Harvey B. Hurd; Hon. Will-
iam W. Farwell; Hon. Marshall D. Ewell, LL.D., and Hon.
Nathan S. Davis, M.D., LL.D.
JUDD'S CHICAGO COLLEGE OF COMMERCE, 116 E. Monroe
street, occupies a high position among the educational institutions
of the city, and justly so, for the graduates of literary schools, as
well as young and middle-aged men and women who have not
enjoyed the advantages of higher education, here receive that
special training which fits them for the duties of the amanuensis,
book-keeper or assistant.
.
Not all who receive instruction at this practical progressive
school expect to serve in a subordinate capacity, for some are
managers who must, of necessity, have a knowledge of ac-
counts, or men who, in business for themselves, realize the
importance of an orderly record of their daily transactions,
together with a concise summary of the year's work. The work
at this college is largely individual; students receive plenty of
personal attention, and are thus enabled to accomplish the max-
imum amount of work in the shortest time possible. Prof. F. F.
Judd, the principal, has for the past eight years been engaged
in this line of work, using his spare time in the adjustment of
tangled accounts, until now he occupies a prominent position
among the educators and accountants of this western metropolis.
This sketch is given to show our readers the workings of one
ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
91
of the most thorough commercial colleges, which, as the late
Jas. A. Garfield said, "furnish their graduates with a better
preparation for business than Princeton, Harvard or Yale."
ALLEN ACADEMY-1832-1836, Michigan Boulevard-an En-
glish, French, German and Classical boarding and day school
for the primary and higher education of boys and girls.
This school, so long established and so widely known, was
founded (1) for starting boys and girls on the right road to a broad,
liberal culture; (2) for preparing those who wish to attend the

LLEN ACADEM
Allen Academy, 1832-1836, Michigan Boulevard.
best eastern colleges for successful entrance into their time-
honored halls, and (3) for thoroughly educating that large num-
ber of young people who wish to complete their school educa-
tion in the West, and enter upon the active duties of life.
Its record during the past twenty-four years has been most
admirable, and it enters upon its twenty-fifth annual session
under the most favorable auspices.
The founder of the school, Ira W. Allen, A.M., LL.B., LL.D.,
is a native of New York, and received the best educational
92
COMMERCIAL AND
advantages afforded by that state, supplemented, however, by
the lectures and teachings of the ablest professors of Harvard
University. Afterward he studied in the universities of Ger-
many, and also became familiar with the educational systems of
the old world.
On returning home he filled successfully the professorship of
mathematics and astronomy in a prominent college for several
years, but then determined that his labors could be made of
more value to the world in an institution that should embrace

ALLEN ACADEMY
ווי.
View on Michigan Boulevard, looking south from Eighteenth Street.
younger children, in the more plastic and formative period of
life.
He believed that right education is not book knowledge
merely, nor a vast array of facts however valuable in themselves,
but the building up of manhood, the development of character,
the capacity to carry one's self rightly and wisely in all life's
exigencies, the knowing how to live so as not to fail of life's
great end, and that to build up such characters it is desirable to
commence with boys and girls of not more than five or six years
ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
93
?
of age, and keep them in right training until they are eighteen
or twenty.
He called around him a faculty of experienced instructors
who make teaching their profession, and regard it as one of the
most sacred and honorable callings among men.
They believe
that education means much more than a knowledge of a definite
amount of Latin, Greek and Mathematics; that it should include
the culture and discipline of all the nobler qualities of mind and
heart, and that this culture can rarely be obtained in public
schools and crowded colleges, but rather in well-organized
academies and seminaries, which fill so important and indispens-
able a place in American education.
Although Dr. Allen is the founder and proprietor of the
academy, yet he has the assistance of an advisory Board of
Trustees composed of such men as P. D. Armour, Ferd. W. Peck,
C. B. Farwell, E. G. Keith, Thomas Dent, William E. Hale, S. W.
Allerton, A. F. Seeberger, George M. Pullman, Thomas M.
Hoyne, Jesse Spalding, James C. Clarke, John H. S. Quick, Will-
iam Robbins, John V. Farwell, E. T. Jeffery and Lyman J.
Gage.
In educational matters he is aided by a Board of Visitors,
composed of such eminent scholars as Rev. Drs. S. J. McPher-
son, John H. Barrows, Geo. C. Lorimer, Henry M. Scudder,
Frank Bristol, Arthur Little, J. Coleman Adams, Frank W.
Gunsaulus, Clinton Locke, Chas. E. Cheney, David Swing, H.
W. Thomas, Louis S. Osborn, Samuel Fallows, A. E. Kittredge.
The academy is an ornament and blessing to Chicago.
THE CHICAGO MANUAL TRAINING SCHOOL was founded in
1882, by the Commercial Club of Chicago, an association of sixty
prominent merchants and manufacturers of the city. Its charter
was granted April 19, 1883, the corner-stone of its elegant build-
ing was laid September 24, 1883, and the school opened Feb-
ruary 4, 1884, with Dr. Henry H. Belfield as director.
The school has a three years' course of essentially high school
grade, comprising algebra, geometry, trigonometry, mechanics,
physiology, physics, chemistry, English language and literature,
94
COMMERCIAL AND
civil government and political economy, Latin and French are
optional. The peculiar feature of the school is its manual train-
ing; the pupils being every day one hour in the drawing-room,
and two hours in the shop, or laboratory. The equipment of the

WWTPORNADOLIGUSALA I PARASTOV
1
Tal
Act:
:
The Chicago Manual Training School, Michigan Avenue and Twelfth Street.
Electrotyped from a Drawing from Measurement by a Pupil of Class of 1886.
school is complete in every department. In the wood-working
rooms are planer, circular and scroll saws, twenty-four speed
lathes, and ninety-six sets of the best hand tools. The foundry
has a Collian cupola of a capacity of two thousand pounds of
iron. The blacksmith shop has forges and anvils for seventy-
ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
95
two boys. The machine shop is thoroughly equipped with vises,
engine lathes, planer, shaper, drill, etc. The drawing-rooms are
provided with every convenience, including models and casts.
From its inception, the school has been conducted with the
greatest enthusiasm, and managed with unusual skill. It has
been the model after which numerous schools, east and west,
have been organized. It has at present ten teachers and two
hundred pupils-as many of the latter as can be accommodated.
THE BAPTIST UNION THEOLOGICAL SEMINARY, located at
Morgan Park, is sustained and controlled by "The Baptist
Theological Union, located at Chicago." This corporation was
organized in 1863. After some preliminary work of instruction
on a small scale in 1866, the seminary was perfectly organized,
and formally began its work in the fall of 1867. In 1869 a
building was erected on Rhodes avenue, Chicago, in which the
work of the institution was carried on for eight years with an
annually increasing number of students. In 1877 the trustees
removed the seminary to the suburb of Morgan Park. This
village is beautifully situated on high, rolling ground, with
forest-crowned hills, twelve miles south of the business center
of Chicago, on the Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific Railway.
We give with this sketch a cut of the first building erected in
that place. In 1886 a second building was erected for the
library, and in 1887 a third.one, the principal one of the group,
containing a commodious chapel, seven large lecture rooms, and
a number of study and sleeping rooms for students. This new
building is "Blake Hall," so named in honor of E. Nelson
Blake, one of the most munificent friends of the institution
and a prominent citizen of Chicago. After the present year the
building accompanying this sketch will be wholly given up to
the boarding department and to students' rooms. The grounds
comprise about seven acres lying on both sides of the principal
street of the village, on the brow of the hill, and within two
squares of the depot.
The Seminary has two departments, the American and Scan-
dinavian. It has been a growing institution from the first, and

96
M
1 TTB
யை
MELITALITII
ננ
Baptist Union Theological Seminary, Morgan Park (Near Chicago).
Thorn Pros.
COMMERCIAL AND ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
97
has now about one hundred students. It has had but one pres-
ident, Rev. G. W. Northrup, D.D .LL. D., who began his term
of service with the organized life of the institution in 1867.
There are seven professors with some additional teachers in
special classes. The library contains about thirty thousand
volumes, being the largest owned by any Baptist theological
school in the world.
The financial history of the school has been one of serious
struggle with burdens incident to a growing institution. But
its interests have been managed with wisdom and pushed with
great vigor until a great library has been gathered, three build-
ings erected, and an endowment fund of about $250,000 secured.
Edward Goodman has been the treasurer of the corporation
since its organization in 1863, and T. W. Goodspeed, D. D., the
financial secretary since 1875. Among many munificent friends
of the seminary E. Nelson Blake and John D. Rockefeller have
contributed about $125,000. Others have given large sums, and
givers of small contributions number thousands. The future
is bright with promise and this seminary seems destined to be
one of the largest and most useful schools of theology the Bap-
tists of America are likely to have.
MORGAN PARK MILITARY ACADEMY is situated in Morgan
Park, one of the most beautiful suburbs of Chicago. The build-
ings are located on a ridge ninety feet above the level of Lake
Michigan. Along the base of the ridge, about a quarter of a mile
from the academy, almost every half hour of the day run the
trains of the Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific Railroad. One of
the most extensive and picturesque views of the country to the
south and west of Chicago, and including Lake Michigan and
Lake Calumet, can be seen from the central tower of the acad-
emy on a clear day.
This institution was established in 1873 by Prof. S. S.
Norton, of New York, the corner-stone being laid June 29 of
that year, and the school opened later in the season. It con-
tinued under his management until July 26, 1876, when it was
purchased by Capt. Ed. N. Kirk Talcott and Prof. Henry T.
7

98
LON
33
B
Morgan Park Military Academy, Morgan Park (Near Chicago).
COMMERCIAL AND ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
99
Wright. In the summer of 1881 Prof. Wright withdrew, and
the school was conducted by Capt. Talcott until June, 1887,
when it was leased to its present superintendent, Major H. P.
Davidson. Although but a few months have elapsed since the
institution came under the administration of Maj. Davidson, an
extensive gymnasium has been fitted up, a thorough commercial
and business course of study has been introduced, arrangements
made for target practice, and steps taken to introduce sabre and
artillery drill.
There are three courses of study following the preparatory:
the academic, for such students as do not expect to take any
subsequent course in the higher institutions; a commercial course
for those who intend to enter business, and a classical course for
such as are fitting for college. These courses of study are thor-
ough and comprehensive, and the student receives a diploma on
the completion of any one of them.
The Bayonet is published once every period of six weeks by the
cadets, and is made the medium of literary culture among them.
The academy has always maintained a high reputation as a first-
class family school for boys, where they are thoroughly cared for
and carefully trained — mentally, morally and physically. It has
numbered many of the most prominent citizens of Chicago and
the west among its patrons, and its membership has nearly
doubled since it came under the superintendency of Maj. David-
son. The present faculty consists of Maj. H. P. Davidson,
superintendent; Lieut. M. Leepere, commandant; Prof. Charles
L. Cassady, Prof. Ellsworth G. Lancaster, Prof. D. S. Arnold
and Prof. Paul Brown.
THE CHICAGO ATHENEUM, which, from the wide scope and
practical nature of its educational work, has been well desig-
nated as "The People's College," is located at 48 to 54 Dearborn
street, in a neat building of brick and stone, erected eight years
ago for its special accommodation. The lower story is occupied
for business purposes; the second story is divided into eight
class-rooms, also a reading-room and library for educational pur-
poses, while the third and fourth stories are devoted to a spa-
.....
100
COMMERCIAL AND
*
cious and finely-equipped gymnasium, 90x80 feet, and twenty-
seven feet high.
From humble beginnings, immediately after the "great fire"
of 1871, to the sufferers from which fire it was the happy medium
of bestowing relief, sent from Boston, St. Louis and England, to
the amount of $175,000, the Athenæum has steadily grown into
one of the most beneficial educational institutions in the West.
In the first three years after its organization it was known as the
Chicago Young Men's Christian Union. At the end of that
time, the directors having recognized the great need of an insti-
tution more largely devoted to practical education in the very
heart of this city, changed the name to the Chicago Athenæum.
They wisely planned it on a broad and liberal scale, that they
might adapt its instructions to the growing needs of the seekers
of knowledge. The curriculum has been comprehensive and
withal eminently practical.
It includes mathematics, architectural and mechanical
drawing, rhetoric, composition, elocution, penmanship, book-
keeping, shorthand and type-writing, lectures on American and
English literature, French, German, Latin, vocal and instru-
mental music. During ten months of the year, evening classes
are held five evenings a week, in which young men and women
may obtain a first-class academic education. For more than
eleven months in the year a day grammar school, intermediate and
advanced, is maintained; also a commercial college, in which
book-keeping, commercial arithmetic, penmanship, shorthand,
type-writing and German are taught. A school of elocution and
oratory, for class and private instruction, is open throughout the
year. A ladies' class for the critical study of Shakespeare is
held every Wednesday afternoon, during nine months, from 2
to 4 o'clock. The Athenæum library, though small, contains
the choicest standard literature, to the number of 1,300 volumes,
which are well used by its pupils, who are encouraged to consult
books of reference frequently, and not confine their study to
text-books.
This institution has always been entirely unsectarian, its only
ส
ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
101

Chicago Athenæum..
conditions of mem-
bership being that
of good moral con-
duct, and a desire to
learn. When the
new building on
Dearborn street was
first occupied the
directors thought it
was large enough to
meet all demands for
twenty years to
come. But for two
years it has been
overcrowded in sev-
eral departments
and has urgent need
of double its present
accommodations. It
has no lack of friends, who are deeply interested in its welfare,
and the future is full of promise. All the educational work
of the Chicago Mechanics' Institute, organized in 1843, has
been done by the Athenæum for about nine years. The pupils
in this department average about 140, annually. Free tuition
is here given to indigent mechanics and artists or their children,
under the provisions of the late Asel Peck's will. The Athe-
næum has a permanent fund of $15,000, of which amount $10-,
000 was a bequest of the late Eli Bates, and $5,000 a gift from
Mrs. Mary H. Tolcott, who also gave $1,000 to be expended in
library books. The board of directors is composed of sixteen
well-known gentlemen, of whom Fred. W. Peck, Esq., is presi-
dent, John J. Glessner, Esq., first vice-president, Wm. R. Page,
Esq., second vice-president, John Wilkinson, Esq., recording
secretary and treasurer. For the past six years this institution
has been under the charge of Mr. Edward I. Galvin, superin-
tendent, and Mr. Joseph Silvers, assistant superintendent.
102
COMMERCIAL AND
CHICAGO HOMEOPATHIC MEDICAL COLLEGE owns and occu-
pies the handsome building shown in the cut, which is located
on South Wood street, corner of York, within a stone's throw of
the Cook County Hospital. The institution is one of the sub-
stantial educa-
tional establish-

ments in Chicago,
A HAKASA CHATARRȚ
Chicago Homœopathic Medical College.
giving a practical
and thorough
course of training
to its students.
Its corps of in-
structors includes
representative
practitioners who
stand high in
their profession,
not alone in Chi-
cago, but
but are
known favorably
throughout the
medical world.
Its officers are:
president, J. S.
Mitchell, A.M., M.D.; treasurer, L. C. Grosvenor; secretary,
J. R. Kippax, M.D., LL.D.; business manager, J. H. Buffum,
M. D.
THE CHICAGO MECHANICS' INSTITUTE, next to Rush Medi-
cal College, is the oldest organization in this city. It was char-
tered in 1843. Its object is the diffusion of knowledge among
the mechanic classes by means of lectures, class instruction and
a circulating library. It had a valuable library which was de-
stroyed by the fire of 1871. For the past nine years it has done
all of its educational work through the Chicago Athenæum.
The course of instruction includes reading, penmanship, arith-
metic, algebra, geometry, book-keeping, and a complete course
ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
103
in free-hand and mechanical drawing. The average number of
pupils for the past three years has been 140. Ample testimony
is borne to the useful service which this institute renders the
working classes. It deserves the friendly support of all manu-
facturers and of architects, builders and lithographers who seek
skilled draughtsmen.
George C. Prussing, Esq., one of the oldest active members
of the institute, is president, Amos Grannis, Esq., treasurer,
and Andrew Groh, Esq., secretary. The meetings are held
monthly.
THE NORTHWESTERN COLLEGE OF
DENTAL
SURGERY,
founded in 1885, and which was made the dental department of
WORTH WESTERN COLLEGES,
DENTAL SURGERY
Lake Forest University
in April, 1887, is one of
the most prosperous of
the dental schools of
the United States. It
has one of the most
exhaustive courses of
instruction of the uni-
versity schools of dent-
istry, and has risen in
the short space of three
years to rank with the
dental departments of
Harvard and Michigan
Universities, in point
of scholarship and the
character of its gradu-
ates. Its clinics are
the largest in number
of patients and present a greater range of operations than any of
the western schools of dentistry. The scholastic year begins the
first week in October and closes the last week in June, making
a course of nine months. This college is the pioneer in the
parlor system of operating rooms; and patients have all the
N. W. College of Dental Surgery, Wabash Ave. and 12th St.

104
COMMERCIAL AND
privacy of the ordinary dental office, with the advantage of
a greater range of skill in operators than the average dental
practitioner can afford. The officers of the college are: presi-
dent, Wm. C. Roberts, D.D., LL.D., chancellor of the uni-
versity; secretary, F. H. B. McDowell; treasurer, Joseph A.
Marshall.
Board of Directors: F. H. B. McDowell, N. J. Roberts
and Joseph A. Marshall.
Board of Educational Control: J. E. Hequembourg, M.D.,
president; Joseph Haven, M.D.; M. Stout, D.D.S.; N. J. Rob-
erts, D.D.S.; Byron D. Palmer, D.D.S.
The members of its faculty are Wm. Taft, M.D., D.D.S.,
professor of operative dentistry and dental histology; Byron D.
Palmer, D.D.S., professor of prosthetic dentistry; M. Stout,
D.D.S., professor of clinical dentistry and superintendent of
the clinic; Norman J. Roberts, D.D.S., professor of oral sur-
gery; Joseph Haven, M.D., professor of physiology and dean of
the faculty; J. E. Hequembourg, M.D., professor of anatomy
and principles and practice of surgery; J. H. Lyon, A.M., M.D.,
professor of pathology; F. C. Caldwell, M.D., professor of ma-
teria medica; J. H. Salisbury, A.M., M.D., professor of chem-
istry.
The college is open throughout the entire year for the recep-
tion of visitors and patients.
THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO, an institution founded by the
Hon. Stephen A. Douglas, owns a magnificent building, which
is situated on as handsome a piece of property as there is in
Chicago, Cottage Grove avenue and Thirty-fifth street. The
buildings constituting the university plant are in themselves very
valuable, and in connection with the grounds which are hand-
somely improved, gives to Chicago a university site that is second
to none in the country. The college is provided with an exten-
sive library, museum and apparatus for illustrating lectures,
etc., and it should not be allowed to rest in quiet as it now is.
THE CHICAGO COLLEGE OF PHARMACY, located at 465 and
467 State street, is one of the oldest and most flourishing col-
ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
105
leges of the kind in the land. It was founded in 1859, and al-
though in its early history it had more than its share of mishaps,
including the war of the rebellion, which injured it by taking
away its students, and the great fire of 1871, which swept out of
existence its buildings, library, apparatus, in fact all its prop-
erty, it has steadily and rapidly grown in prosperity and useful-
ness since that time. Its average annual attendance has in-
creased from about fifty, ten years ago, to about three hundred
at the present time. The prosperity of the college is to be at-
tributed largely to the high quality of the work done in its vari-
ous departments.
The faculty and
board of trustees
have shown the
wide-awake, go-
ahead spirit,
which so charac-
terizes the great
western city in
whose business
center the college
is located. The

institution
has
not been fettered
by old traditions
in shaping its
courses of study,
nor has it been
slow to avail it-
self of new and
better methods of
instruction when
CO. CHIIUS
toni.
2017
THE CHICAGO
COLLEGE OF
PHARMACY
WÖMMUNIT
Chicago College of Pharmacy, 465 State Street.
old ones were found to be defective. It was one of the first
among colleges of pharmacy to adopt a progressive course of
two years in which no part of the instruction given during
the first year was repeated during the second; it was the first
106
COMMERCIAL AND
college of the kind in the country to adopt and make obliga-
tory a course in vegetable histology; it was among the earliest
to strongly emphasize the great practical importance of labora-
tory work in all departments of study. The course of study in
its methods and main features more nearly resembles those pur-
sued in German institutions of the kind than it does those of
any other country, but it is more practical and less theoretical,
and better adapted to the needs of American pharmacy.
The college has three departments, those of pharmacy, chem-
istry and materia medica. The complete course consists of a
junior term including lectures on botany, materia medica, phy-
sics, chemistry, pharmacy and laboratory work in botany and
pharmacy; and a senior term, including lectures on the same
branches, excepting physics and laboratory work in chemistry,
vegetable histology and pharmacy. The facilities for labora-
tory work and lecture demonstrations are scarcely to be excelled.
The degree of graduate in pharmacy is conferred upon stu-
dents who successfully pass all the examinations of the junior
and senior course, and can furnish satisfactory evidence that
they have had four years' practical experience in some reputable
drug store.
The officers are, George Buck, president; William K. For-
syth, vice-president; William A. Puchner, auditor; D. H. Gal-
loway, secretary; Judson S. Jacobus, treasurer.
Faculty: N. Gray Bartlett, senior professor of pharmacy;
E. B. Stuart, junior professor of pharmacy and director of the
pharmaceutical laboratory; H. D. Garrison, professor of physics
and chemistry, and director of the chemical laboratory; E. S.
Bastin, professor of botany and materia medica, and director of
the botanical and microscopical laboratory.
CHICAGO DRAMATIC AND MUSICAL COLLEGE, 116 MONROE
STREET. This is an incorporated institution, whose object is the
preparation of pupils for the Operatic and Dramatic stage; the
platform, pulpit, public school, college or private reading circle,
either as actors, speakers, teachers, musicians or readers. The
stilted styles of (so-called) elocution of the old school of oratory
!
ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
107
and acting are not taught. The new schools of expressive and nat-
ural acting are the standards of teaching, thus directing the natural
tendencies of body and mind into artistic habits. Especial pains
are taken with children's classes, to break up that monotonous
drone and drawl common to everyday schools - the mere saying
of words without life or expression. All successful ministers and
speakers now adopt the art of natural expression; that monot-
onous orotund drawl of the last century has given place to the
natural, common sense and artistic expression of this age. It's
now, sense versus sound—the author's thought and feeling
expressed, versus the speaker's personality. The old schools of
elocution are condemned by the stage and platform as unnatural,
throwing neither heart nor soul into their style of expression. The
college has a private stage of its own for rehearsals before the
classes, and for lectures and pupils' matinees, besides which pub-
lic performances are given during the season in some of the
principal theaters or halls of Chicago. Mr. George A. Vinton,
formerly of Booth's theater, New York, now manager and gen-
eral director of this college, is peculiarly fitted for the position of
head of such an institution, as he has that happy faculty of impart-
ing to others a knowledge of those gifts of expression, both vocal,
facial and attitudinal, that he is so abundantly endowed with.
He was a pupil of Edwin Booth, of Mark Smith, stage manager
of Booth's theater; of D. H. Waller, also stage manager of Booth's
Theater, of W. H. Sedley Smith, stage manager of the Boston
theater; of Lewis B. Monroe, Dean of Boston University School
of Oratory; of Stacy Baxter, of Harvard University; and of Dr.
Horace R. Streeter, voice building, Boston. Mr. and Mrs. Geo.
H. Vinton also give public and parlor recitals, both humorous
and dramatic, which have been listened to and enjoyed by the
elete of Chicago society. The college is prepared to furnish
musical, dramatic and literary entertainments to societies and
churches, and also furnishes pupils positions when they prove
competent.
SAINT XAVIER'S ACADEMY, as will be seen from the illustra-
tion, is a handsome structure. The institution was first opened
:
*
108
COMMERCIAL AND
in 1846, since which time it has occupied a position in the edu-
cational history of Chicago worthy of note. It is conducted by
the Sisters of Mercy, who devote their time and abilities to the
moral as well as practical education of their young lady pupils.
The building is admirably located, commodious, substantially
built, and its interior is provided with all the comforts and con-
veniences that go to make a healthful, pleasant home. The

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St. Francis Xavier's Academy, Wabash Avenue, cor. Twenty-ninth Street.
course of study includes the various branches of education that
fit a young lady to occupy her proper position in the walks of life.
THE CHICAGO MUSICAL COLLEGE. This institution was
established in 186, and was the pioneer of schools of music in
the West. During these twenty years the college has granted,
after thorough examination, such honors as diplomas, teachers'
certificates, gold and silver medals to 858 pupils, from among
ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
109
which will be found many of the noted musical celebrities of
the age.
The location of the main college-it has branches at
501 West Adams street and 2230 Wabash avenue—is in the
great Central Music Hall (an illustration of which is shown
on page 62), State and Randolph streets. At the head of
the faculty is a name well known both in musical circles and
generally — it is that of Dr. F. Ziegfeld, who was a graduate
from the Leipsic Conservatory in 1863. The course of instruc-
tion of the college includes all the branches of a complete and
symmetrical musical education that is equal to any that can be
had anywhere.

Presbyterian Hospital.
Rush Medical College.
RUSH MEDICAL COLLEGE. The history of this institution is
known to the medical profession throughout the country. It is
the oldest medical college in Chicago, and was organized in 1843
but began its work in 1837. The buildings are located at Wood
and Harrison streets, and with the buildings of the Presbyterian
Hospital, which form a part of the plant, constitute a mammoth
medical educational group. The faculty is composed of some of
the most prominent members of the profession, and its officers
are J. Adams Allen, M. D., LL. D., president; James H. Eth-
eredge, A. M., M.D., secretary; and Moses Gunn, M. D., LL.
D., treasurer.

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TECH HÅLE Y.
CHICAGO THEOLOGICAL SEMINARY.
HE WHEELOCK, ARCHITECT
COMMERCIAL AND ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
111
THE CHICAGO COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS
occupy a splendid stone building erected in Queen Anne style of
architecture. It is just opposite Cook County Hospital. Dr.
A. Reeves Jackson is president of the faculty.
ST. MARY'S TRAINING SCHOOL is conducted by the Christian
Brothers. It is located at Feehanville, Cook County. Boys,
principally waifs, are cared for and given instructions in agricul-
ture and mechanics.
THE ACADEMY OF THE SACRED HEART affords excellent edu-
cational advantages to the young of Chicago. It is conducted by
the sisters who incul-

cate in their young
lady pupils their prin-
ciples of correct habits
that fit them for the
duties of life.
CHICAGO THEOLOG-
ICAL SEMINARY-The
following brief notes
of the founding of this
worthy institution will
explain its character
and purposes:
After various pre-
liminary conferences,
one of which was held
Academy of Sacred Heart, State Street and Chicago Avenue.
in Chicago, June 12, 1854, and in consequence of their action,
a general convention was held in Chicago, September 26, 1854,
attended by delegates from Michigan, Illinois, Indiana, Wiscon-
sin, Iowa and Missouri. It ratified the action taken in prelimi-
nary conferences, took in hand the work of founding a theolog-
ical seminary, determined its character, and appointed a board
of directors. The directors secured a favorable charter from the
State, adopted a constitution, and from that time, through great
hindrances, yet, with unfaltering faith, have pushed forward the
work.
112
COMMERCIAL AND
Through the generosity of Philo Carpenter, Esq., a final
location for the seminary was secured on Union Park, in Chi-
cago, where the directors have completed a part of their perma-
nent buildings. A well-selected library of about six thousand
volumes has been gathered. The directors have secured endow-
ments of professorships, scholarships, and of a permanent general
fund to the amount of $220,000, and have invested $140,000 in
grounds, buildings, library, etc.
The seminary was opened October 6, 1858, with two profess-
ors and twenty-nine, students. The board of instructors has been
increased. Classes have been graduated each year since the
opening of the seminary, and it is still progressing in a very
satisfactory manner. The institution, with library building, as
first designed, is shown in the cut. E. W. Blatchford is presi-
dent; Rev. M. F. Hollister, vice-president; Prof. S. Ives Curtiss,
librarian, and Rev. E. M. Betts, financial secretary.
THE ILLINOIS TRAINING SCHOOL FOR NURSES Occupies apart-
ments in Cook County Hospital, and its object is to prepare
skilled nurses for hospitals, sick rooms, etc.
THE WOMAN'S MEDICAL COLLEGE OF CHICAGO occupies a
building at 335 Lincoln street, which is owned by the college.
THE COOK COUNTY NORMAL AND TRAINING SCHOOL is located
at Sixty-seventh street and Stewart avenue, and is a handsome
building, surrounded by large grounds and covered with shade
trees. The object of this school is to provide competent teachers
for the public schools.
THE CHICAGO College of DenTAL SURGERY was organized
in the winter of 1882-83, and was incorporated under the name
of "The Chicago Dental Infirmary."
""
The purpose of its founders was to give instruction in the
science and art of dentistry to medical graduates, or those who
should obtain the degree of M. D. previous to receiving that of
D. D. S.
A fair trial of that policy for two years made it evident that
a vast majority of young men intending to practice dentistry
insist that the entire period of their professional education shall
ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
113
!
have direct reference to dentistry rather than general medicine,
and that a considerable number of the remainder prefer to com-
plete their medical studies after obtaining their dental degree.
It was, therefore, decided to change the name to the present
one, and to enlarge the curriculum to correspond with that of
the best dental colleges.
Since that time the growth of the college has been rapid, and
the number of students as large as could be well accommodated,
the college premises being enlarged each year to provide for the
rapidly increasing numbers. The instruction in anatomy (and
dissection) and physiology, in microscopy and chemistry, in gen-
eral pathology, materia medica and therapeutics (which are the
sciences forming the basis of any medical education) is the same
in character and thoroughness as in medical colleges. The
arrangements for practical instruction are ample and convenient.
They are: An anatomical room, chemical, histological and dent-
al laboratories, an ample lecture room, and a very large operat-
ing room, lighted on two sides, having room for fifty or sixty
operating chairs, and in every way admirably equipped for doing
a great amount of the charity work so much needed in a large
city.
The practical instruction of students in all the operations
pertaining to dentistry, and the bestowal of charity upon the
worthy poor constitute the two-fold object in maintaining the
infirmary. All services not requiring the use of materials are
free, such as extracting teeth, the removal of tartar and the
treatment of diseased gums, of alveolar abscesses and surgical
operations. The filling of teeth, the setting of crowns and the
insertion of artificial teeth are charged for at prices sufficient to
pay for materials used, and a part of the infirmary expenses.
The present superintendent of the infirmary has no superior
in ability to direct the operations so as to secure the best results
in the instruction of the students and the proper treatment of
the patients. The college occupies the upper part of the build-
ing at the northeast corner of Madison street and Wabash
avenue, which has been rented for a term of years.
It has a
8
114
COMMERCIAL AND
frontage of 60 feet on Wabash avenue, and 165 feet on Madison
street. It is supplied with passenger and freight elevators, and
stairways in both front and rear. The building occupied by the
Chicago College of Dental Surgery is in all its appointments
one of the most perfect and complete institutions of its kind.
The regular sessions are of six months' duration, from Octo-
ber 1 until April, and there are spring sessions ending the last
of June. The infirmary is open for students and patients all
the year, though the larger number of students present during
the winter sessions makes it practicable to care for a far greater
number of patients during that time. For further information
address Dr. Truman W. Brophy, Dean, 96 State street, Chicago.
COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS. -The instruction
in this college consists of didactic lectures, clinical teaching,
· quizzes, recitations, and practical work in subjects involving
manipulation or the use of instruments and appliances. Four
or more didactic lectures covering the various departments of
medicine are given daily by the faculty. These lectures are
illustrated by drawings and demonstrations whenever the sub-
ject will admit of it. The faculty have provided a stereopticon,
by which all objects capable of visual demonstration, colored
after nature, may be projected upon a screen in presence of the
class. In this manner even microscopic objects may be enlarged
to any desirable extent for purposes of study.
Hygiene will be taught with special reference to its relations
to the parasites of animal and vegetable origin, including a
description of the natural history of these causes of disease.
These parasites will be exhibited to the class by means of the
microscope, and the subject of the germ theory elucidated; the
different species of bacteria, pathogenic and non-pathogenic,
will be exhibited in cultures and mounted specimens.
Every possible facility is afforded in this important means of
instruction, the supply of material in all the various depart-
ments of medicine, surgery and gynecology being most abund-
ant. Students will have ample opportunities for witnessing the
examination and treatment of patients in the college lecture
ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
115
T
rooms, College Hospital, the West Side Free Dispensary, Cook
County Hospital, Illinois Charitable Eye and Ear Infirmary, etc.
The Board of Directors are: A. Reeves Jackson, M. D.,
president; S. A. McWilliams, M. D., vice-president; D. A. K.
Steele, M. D., secretary; Leonard St. John, M. D., treasurer;
Chas. Warrington Earle, M. D., chairman finance committee.
THE SEVEN-ACCOUNT SYSTEM BUSINESS COLLEGE, 19 N.
Clark street. C. O. E. Matthern, manager.—Among the many
potent factors that contribute to make up the cosmopolitan city
of Chicago the "Man of Accounts" is not to be reckoned as the
least. As one walks through its magnificent boulevards, flanked
by palatial residences, or saunters through its business centers
lined with towering edifices, or takes a bird's-eye view of its
forestry of shipping interests edging the river and dotting the
lake, or studies the intricate network of gridiron or railway lines,
the beholder will agree, we think, with us that the man of
figures and accounts is not the least important, though not always
the most conspicuous. These men were boys once and either
went to school or college or were self-taught. Just ask the
successful ones where they received their knowledge of accounts,
and nine out of ten will answer: "In a business college."
"" Since
they graduated, business colleges have been obliged to change
with the changing times, and in this connection we know of no
institution worthy of the name of business college that keeps
pace with the times in a more marked degree than that of the
seven-account system under Prof. C. O. E. Matthern.
This system was invented about ten years ago by C. O. E.
Matthern, and this gentleman is a fair example of American
business men, who, by perseverance, industry and economy win
for themselves prominent position and honorable reputation.
Six years ago the system began to be appreciated, and within the
last four years it has been adopted by the leading mercantile
houses in this and other cities.
Three years ago the Seven-Account System Business College
was also established by Mr. Matthern, and is now located at 19
North Clark street. During these years a great many patrons
116
COMMERCIAL AND
have come from all parts of the West. The country merchant
is no longer content with keeping his accounts on the store
shutter or on the destructible slate. Rivalry is so close and
profits so narrow that, if the credit system be indulged in, close
attention must be given the record of the transaction. And one
of the chief virtues of the seven-account system is that the mer-
chant can know the exact condition of his business at any time
by referring only to seven accounts of the ledger.
With Mr. Matthern, "an expert accountant of sixteen years'
standing," this college is destined to rank as one of the foremost
commercial institutions in the country.
The two prominent features of the seven-account system
which are so gratifying to all who have adopted it are: the great
saving of labor, and that mistakes are more readily detected by
being traced to a respective division indicated by the general
accounts.
The system is practically double-entry book-keeping simplified
and systematized, whereby all transactions are classified into
seven classes, each of which is represented by an account.
The college sessions are held day and evening, and the
studies are: book-keeping, commercial law, arithmetic, penman-
ship, grammar and spelling. Scholarships, which entitle one to
come at any time and remain as long as he pleases, are obțain-
able at $50, which covers everything in books, etc.
All communications should be addressed to Seven-Account
System Co., 19 North Clark street, Chicago, Ill.
THE CHICAGO VETERINARY COLLEGE, organized under the
laws of the State of Illinois for the purpose of educating young
men in the science of veterinary medicine and all that pertains to
the application of scientific principles, in the care of domestic ani-
mals in sickness and health, as well as breeding and rearing, is
among the foremost institutions of its kind on the continent.
The trustees are alive to the requirements of the age and have
supplied a staff of professors, with progressive views-energetic
teachers and able expounders in their particular departments.
At the first session of 1883, quite a number applied for matric-
ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
117
ulation, but the educational requirements reduced the number
to eight that were found eligible to matriculate. From that
time the number has increased until the session of 1886 and
1887 had fifty-three matriculants, and the session of 1887 and
1888 will see a class of nearly one hundred students of excellent
previous educational acquirements.
The announcement of the fifth year of the corporate exist-
ence of the Chicago Veterinary College is made from their new
building on State street, which was designed and erected for the
purpose for which it is used. The building is two stories and
conveniently divided: Ground floor, reception room, offices,
pharmacy, clinic room, hospital and operating room.
floor, museum, laboratory, lecture room and dissecting room.
Second
The lecture room is well proportioned, so that everyone can
hear. Windows on both sides make it a pleasant, well-lighted
and healthy room, capable of seating more than two hundred
persons. The dissecting room is commodious, with windows
three feet five inches wide, by seven feet eleven inches high,
which make every part of the room suited for the purpose of
minute dissection. It is furnished with modern dissecting cen-
ter and side tables, giving students unsurpassed advantages in
this important branch of their studies. It is also supplied with
hot and cold water, with ample washing facilities, which are so
needful and add greatly to the comfort of the students.
The pharmacy is supplied with all the therapeutical agents
used by the advanced veterinarian, such as chemical compounds,
roots and leaves, powdered herbs, extracts, solid and fluid,
vegetable alkaloids, abstracts, tinctures, cerates, etc., many of
which are manufactured on the premises. Students will have an
opportunity to assist in preparing and compounding medicines,
thus practically familiarizing them in the art of prescribing.
The hospital is continually filled with medical and surgical
patients, and students are detailed to each case, of which dual
daily records are kept on a bulletin, giving diagnosis, treatment,
etc., affording each student an opportunity to watch the progress
of the case and take notes.
118
COMMERCIAL AND
Faculty.-A. H. Baker, V. S., professor of theory and prac-
tice of veterinary medicine; pathology of horse, ox, sheep, swine
and dog. R. J. Withers, M. D., V. S., professor of obstetrics.
Joseph Hughes, M. R. C. V. S., professor of veterinary anatomy,
special and comparative. E. M. Reading, M. D., professor of
physiology and histology. Finley Ellingwood, M. D., professor of
chemistry. J. F. Ryan, V. S., professor of helminthology.
John Casewell, M. R. C. V. S., professor of lameness, dis-
eases of the feet and limbs, practical and pathological shoeing.
Chair to be filled, bacteriology, professor of hygiene, breeding,
and general management of domestic animals. A. H. Baker,
V. S., professor of principles and practice of veterinary surgery.
R. J. Withers, M. D., V. S., professor of materia medica and
texicology.
ST. IGNATIUS COLLEGE was erected in 1869, for the higher
education of the Catholic youth of Chicago and vicinity. It is
conducted by the Fathers of the Society of Jesus. A charter
was granted to the institution by the Legislature of the State of
Illinois, June 30, 1870, with power to confer the usual degrees
in the various faculties of a university.
The studies pursued in the college comprise the doctrines and
evidences of the Catholic religion, logic, metaphysics, ethics,
astronomy, natural philosophy, chemistry, mathematics, rhet-
oric, composition, elocution, history, geography, book-keeping,
arithmetic, the Latin, Greek, English, German and French lan-
guages and literature.
The college is intended for day scholars only. The collegiate
year is divided into two terms, the first beginning on the first
Monday of September, the second on the first Monday of Feb-
ruary; but students are received at any time during the year.
At the close of each term the several classes are subjected to a
thorough examination in the branches studied during the previ-
ous half year. The annual commencement is held on the last
Wednesday in June, when degrees are conferred and premiums
awarded.
On completing the studies of the collegiate department,
ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
119
those who prove deserving of the distinction receive the degree
of Bachelor of Arts. Subsequently, by devoting one year more
to the study of philosophy, or two years to any of the learned
professions, they may obtain the degree of Master of Arts, if
the board of managers be satisfied with their proficiency and
moral conduct.
Several times during the year, in the presence of the faculty
and students, badges of distinction for proficiency, and testimo-
nials of good conduct and diligence, are bestowed upon the most
deserving.
Rev. Edward A. Higgins, S. J., is president; Rev. John I.
Coghlan, S. J., vice-president; Rev. Aloysius Bosche, S. J., sec-
retary; Rev. John F. Pahls, S. J., treasurer, and Rev. James M.
Hayes, S. J., chancellor.
?
120
COMMERCIAL AND
Science-Art.
THE
HERE are a number of organizations in Chicago whose
object is to keep alive an interest in art and to develop
the capacities of students in both science and art.
THE ART INSTITUTE is a prominent building in Chicago, both
on account of its handsome architectural appearance, and
because of the purposes for which it is used. It was erected
by an association

of gentlemen
for the purpose
of maintaining
schools of art
and design and
further to en-
courage art cul-
ture. The build-
ing is brown
stone, rough
dressed, and the
interior is fin-
ished in marble,
woods oil fin-
ished, and elab-
orate decorative
· work. In its
spacious halls
the principal
artists and art
Academy of Fine Arts, Van Buren Street and Michigan Boulevard.
societies have their headquarters.
Mr. C. L. Hutchison is
president; Mr. Edson Keith is vice-president; Mr. Lyman J.
Gage, treasurer, and Mr. N. H. Carpenter, secretary.
ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
121
THE CHICAGO ART LEAGUE, composed of professional art-
ists, has rooms at the Art Institute.
THE ILLINOIS ART ASSOCIATION
has rooms with the Illinois Club, at
154 South Ashland avenue.
THE CHICAGO SOCIETY OF DECORA-
TIVE ART has rooms in the Art Insti-
tute.
THE BOHEMIAN ART CLUB also
meet at the Art Institute. Here also
are held the annual meetings of the
CHICAGO POTTERY CLUB.
Other art and science organizations
are the PHILOSOPHICAL SOCIETY, Apollo
Hall; the Chicago ACADEMY OF SCI-
ENCES, 263 Wabash avenue; the DEAR-
BORN OBSERVATORY, located in the
tower of Chicago University; the ILLIN-
OIS SOCIAL SCIENCE ASSOCIATION, 99
Washington street; the WESTERN SOCI-
ETY OF ENGINEERS, American Express building, Monroe, between
Dearborn and State streets; the STATE MICROSCOPICAL SOCIETY,
at Academy of Sciences; the American Electrical Association, and
the Chicago Electrical Society.

"Alarm" Statue, Lincoln Park.
122
COMMERCIAL AND
Libraries and Reading-Rooms.
CHICAGO has not yet provided a special building or build-
ings for any of the public libraries, though there are sev-
eral large collections of valuable works that should have appro-
priate buildings for their safe custody.
THE CHICAGO PUBLIC LIBRARY is now in the City Hall, and
with its vast collection should have a fine fire-proof building of
its own.
THE CHICAGO ATHENAUM, 50 Dearborn street, has a large
and well-selected library.
ILLINOIS STREET M. E. CHURCH Free Library is at South
Lincoln and Ambrose.
THE UNION CATHOLIC LIBRARY ASSOCIATION has a well-
stocked library at 121 LaSalle.
YOUNG MEN'S CHRISTIAN ASSOCIATION Library and Read-
ing-rooms are at 148 Madison.
ILLINOIS TRACT SOCIETY is located at 3652 Vincennes avenue.
HAMMOND LIBRARY is on the corner of Ashland and Warren
avenues, and is in a fine building, built specially for the pur-
pose.
CHICAGO MEDICAL SOCIETY Library is at the Public Library,
in City Hall.
CHICAGO HISTORICAL SOCIETY Library can be found at 142
Dearborn avenue.
CENTRAL NEW CHURCH Library is at the Church Temple, on
Van Buren street, near Wabash avenue.
CHICAGO LAW INSTITUTE Library is in Room 67 County
Building.
THE ALLEN ACADEMY has a fine library at the school build-
ing, on Michigan avenue.
THE MANUAL TRAINING SCHOOL also have a choice library.
RCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
123
THE COLLEGE OF PHARMACY has upward of six thousand
volumes in its library.
THE ART INSTITUTE has made already a fine collection of
works of art, and is adding thereto constantly.
Some of the public schools, and all of the private schools,
colleges, charitable institutions, and many private individuals,
have fine libraries.
124
COMMERCIAL AND
¡
Charitable Institutions.
THAT this great entrepôt for people from all nations should
have some that are, or become, needy, is as true as that the
great majority who populate Chicago are self-supporting. For
those who are unfortunate, it is gratifying to show that those who

Cook County Hospital.
have wealth and charitable impulses have provided, and thus
such institutions as the following were established:
.
COOK COUNTY HOSPITAL, Wood, Harrison, Lincoln and
Polk streets, is one of the largest and most perfectly appointed
in this country. It is under the management of the county
commissioners.
THE CHICAGO RELIEF AND AID SOCIETY, whose object is
to aid those requiring temporary assistance, was organized under
ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
125
special act of legislation in 1857. The offices of the society are
in its own building, and its management is under a board of
directors selected from prominent business men.
AMERICAN HUMANE ASSOCIATION aims to, and does, secure
the humane treatment of live stock in transit.
MERCY HOSPITAL, Calumet avenue and Twenty-sixth street,
is conducted by the Sisters of Mercy and has for its main object
the care of the sick poor, after which, as many of those who are
able to pay as can be accommodated. This institution, the old-

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1 1 1 1 1
111
JGHRY.HUNAIY
78-CHANDLER
Mercy Hospital, Calumet Avenue, cor. Twenty-sixth Street.
est hospital in Chicago, now occupies an elegant new building,
constructed on the best sanitary principles, and arranged to
accommodate three hundred patients. It is located on the corner
of Calumet avenue and Twenty-sixth street, near the lake
shore, and in the healthiest and pleasantest part of the city.
The patients are assigned to particular departments, according
to the nature of their diseases, which receive the attention of
prominent physicians and surgeons.
HOSPITAL OF THE ALEXIAN BROTHERS is a spacious and well-
planned building at 569 North Market street. Only men are

126
COMMERCIAL AND
admitted, but they provide a dispensary that is open to all, re-
gardless of creed or sex. The hospital is maintained by sub-
scriptions which are solicited by two of the brothers.
UNITED STATES LIFE-SAVING STATION at the mouth of the
river does good service with its efficient men and life-saving
apparatus.
ILLINOIS HUMANE SOCIETY, for the prevention of cruelty to
children or animals, was organized in 1870, and has done an
immense deal of good. It is supported by contributions from
the public.

原價
​AGILAN
Foundling's Home, 114 South Wood Street.
THE FOUNDLINGS' HOME is on Wood street, south of Madi-
son, and is a handsome and conveniently arranged structure. It
is supported by voluntary contributions, and many of the little.
ones find permanent homes in respectable families.
THE HOME FOR INCURABLES is at Racine and Fullerton
avenues.
ARMOUR MISSION AND FREE DISPENSARY, located at Dear-
born and Thirty-third streets, is a very handsome building of
press brick with stone copings. The institution has been in op-
eration about a year and contains a commodious auditorium for
ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
127
church services, several Sunday-school class rooms, lyceum,
kindergarten rooms, reading rooms, library, pastor's study, drug
store, dispensary, bath rooms, etc., etc. Mr. Joseph Armour
left a sum of money to establish a philanthropic institution, and
Mr. Philip D. Armour having added largely to it, the present
mission was erected. It is supported entirely by Mr. Armour,
Mrs. Armour looking after the kindergarten, in which she
takes great interest.
THE OLD PEOPLE'S HOME, Indiana avenue, near Thirty-
ninth street. It is open to those resident in Chicago for two
An admission fee of $300 is
years, who are sixty years of age.
charged and inmates furnish their own rooms.
THE NEWSBOYS' HOME, 146 Quincy street, was founded for
the purpose of supplying indigent boys a home, provided they
were disposed to earn a living.
HOME FOR THE FRIENDLESS, Wabash avenue and Twentieth
street, provides assistance to worthy women and children in indi-
gent circumstances. The buildings and grounds are extensive.
HOUSE OF THE GOOD SHEPHERD is also an asylum for
women and female children. It is a handsome five-story build-
ing surrounded by fine grounds at North Market and Hurlbut
streets.
THE SERVITE SISTERS' INDUSTRIAL HOME FOR GIRLS is at
1396 West Van Buren street. The sisters care for girls ranging
in years from nine to eighteen, who are taught all kinds of work,
and are given instruction in the English branches.
THE CHICAGO HOSPITAL For Women anD CHILDREN is at
Paulina and West Adams streets. Women and children of the
respectable poor receive medical attention, and nurses are
trained.
ST. JOSEPH'S HOME FOR THE FRIENDLESS, 409 & 411 South
May street, is a refuge for friendless and respectable young girls
out of employment.
MICHAEL REESE HOSPITAL, Twenty-ninth street and Grove-
land avenue, is under the management of the Hebrew Relief
Association, and receives both male and female patients.
128 .
COMMERCIAL AND
ORPHAN ASYLUM OF THE GUARDIAN ANGEL is under the
management of the Guardian Angel German Catholic Society
and is located at Rose Hill.
CHICAGO ORPHAN ASYLUM, 2228 Michigan avenue, is under
Protestant management, but children of other creeds are
admitted.
THE MAURICE PORTER MEMORIAL HOSPITAL is at Belden
avenue and North Halsted street.
THE WOMAN'S HOSPITAL OF CHICAGO, 118 Thirty-fifth
street, is devoted to the treatment of the diseases and accidents
peculiar to women.
BURR MISSION, Twenty-third street and Wentworth avenue,
has for its object the religious and secular education of the poor.
111 M
111
22
St. Joseph's Hospital. .
ST. JOSEPH'S HOSPITAL, 360
Garfield avenue, is conducted by
the sisters of charity. Patients
who can are expected to pay for
treatment.
HOME FOR THE AGED OF THE
LITTLE SISTERS OF THE POOR,
at Throop and Harrison streets,
provides a home for men and
women over sixty years of age.
UHLICH EVANGELICAL ORPHAN ASYLUM is at Burling and
Center streets.
ST. LUKE'S HOSPITAL is one of the largest in the city, and is
located at Michigan avenue and Thirty-seventh street. The
medical staff are men of the highest standing in the profession.
The hospital is under Episcopalian management, yet no dis-
tinction is made to admission.
THE LAKESIDE SUMMER SANITARIUM, foot of Twenty-fifth
street, provides nursing and care for infant-children of the poor
during the hot weather.
THE WASHINGTONIAN HOME, 566 to 572 West Madison
street, is a reformatory for inebriates and had its origin with
the Good Templar lodges of Cook County.

१
ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
129
THE FLOATING HOSPITAL ASSOCIATION provides lake ex-
cursions for sick children and others of the poor.
THE GERMAN LADIES' SOCIETY has for its object a home for
old and needy Germans.
THE CHICAGO NURSERY AND HALF-ORPHAN ASYLUM, 855
North Halsted street, cares for children of poor women while
looking for employment or that are employed. A small charge
is made consistent with the wages earned.

المندم
W
Chicago Nursery and Half-Orphan Asylum, 855 North Halsted.
THE MARTHA WASHINGTON HOME, Graceland avenue, is
under the same control as the Washingtonian, but its doors are
open only to women inebriates.
THE ERRING WOMAN'S REFUGE, Indiana avenue and Thirty-
first street, is for the protection of women who desire its bene-
fits or that are placed there by lawful authority.
ST. JOSEPH'S ORPHAN ASYLUM is at 3 and 5 Douglas Place,
under the management of the Sisters of St. Joseph. Boys and
9
130
COMMERCIAL AND
girls are received at from four to eight years of age and given a
careful training.
ST. VINCENT'S INFANT ASYLUM admits children under six
years of age. Children are boarded here by their parents, and
others are brought in by the police. The Sisters of Charity, by
whom it is conducted, have just moved into their new and hand-
some building.
UNITED STATES MARINE HOSPITAL receives all American
seamen free, and others upon payment of a small sum. The
buildings and grounds lie some some six miles from the city, on

WHIL
Marine Hospital.
the lake shore, north, but applicants can be examined at the city
office, Postoffice building.
THE PRESBYTERIAN HOSPITAL, next to Rush Medical Col-
lege, provides medical and surgical aid to sick or disabled per-
sons of any nationality or creed.
THE GERMAN SOCIETY assists immigrants from the Father-
land in procuring employment and temporary support, and also
poor German residents.
CHICAGO EYE AND EAR INFIRMARY, 2813 Groveland Park
avenue, furnishes advice and medicine free to the poor, afflicted
with diseases of the eye and ear.
ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
131
HAHNEMANN HOSPITAL, 2813 Cottage Grove avenue, is the
clinical annex to Hahnemann Medical College.
COOK COUNTY INSANE ASYLUM is a magnificent group of
buildings located in Cook county, and affords every facility for
the care of those unfortunate enough to be placed there.
ILLINOIS CHARITABLE EYE AND EAR INFIRMARY, West
Adams and Peoria streets, is open to indigent residents of the
State. It is an institution that Chicago and the State of Illinois
can well be proud of, as the management is of a high order.
THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF THE RED CROSS has a
branch in Chicago, located in Central Music Hall.
THE CHICAGO BETHEL is at Randolph and Desplaines streets.
BENNETT HOSPITAL, 511 State street, is run in connection
with Bennett College.
THE WEST SIDE FREE DISPENSARY, a clinical annex to the
College of Physicians and Surgeons, gives gratuitous treatment
to deserving poor.
THE DEACONESS INSTITUTE AND HOSPITAL is a charitable
institution of the Swedish Evangelical Lutheran Church.
THE BENNETT FREE DISPENSARY is under the management
of Bennett Medical College.
THE HAHNEMANN HOSPITAL DISPENSARY is at the College,
2813 Cottage Grove avenue.
THE POLICE AND FIREMEN'S RELIEF FUND is provided
under special act of the legislature from certain taxes and fines
and from an initiation fee and annual assessment from each
member. It is for the relief of disabled members of the two
departments.
THE WOMEN'S EXCHANGE has for its object to provide a
place for the reception and sale of articles made by women.
THE SCANDINAVIAN EMIGRANT RELIEF SOCIETY looks after
the interests of Scandinavian immigrants.
THE SVEA SOCIETY, devoted to literary and benevolent pur-
poses, is a Swedish organization.
THE WESTERN SEAMEN'S FRIEND SOCIETY dates back to
1830, and is the oldest charitable organization in the city. Its
132
COMMERCIAL AND
object is to promote the welfare of boatmen and their families
who depend on the western lakes and rivers for support.
THE WESTERN SOCIETY FOR THE SUPPRESSION OF VICE uses
its endeavors to the enforcement of laws for the suppression of
obscene literature, etc.
WOMAN'S CHRISTIAN ASSOCIATION was incorporated in 1877,
with the object to promote the welfare of women. It keeps an
employment bureau, a boarding-house for young women and a
free dispensary.
THE HOUSE OF PROVIDENCE, next Mercy Hospital, furnishes
a home for women and girls out of employment.
THE CHARITY ORGANIZATION SOCIETY helps the able-to-
work but out-of-employment class to be self-sustaining, and thus
in a great measure put an end to street-begging.
THE UNITED HEBREW RELIEF ASSOCIATION manages and
supports the Michael Reese Hospital, assists those of the Hebrew
faith that require it, and provides hospital facilities for the sick
and disabled.
THE CENTRAL HOMEOPATHIC FREE DISPENSARY is a part of
the Homœopathic College and provides medical attendance free
to the poor.
THE CENTRAL FREE DISPENSARY is attached to Rush Med-
ical College, Wood and Harrison streets.
THE SOUTH SIDE FREE DISPENSARY is at Twenty-sixth
street and Prairie avenue. Physicians from this dispensary visit
the poor who are unable to call at the hospital, for which no
charge is made.
THE SOCIETA OPERAIA ITALIANA helps needy Italians and
uses its influence to prevent the organ-grinding and street-beg-
ging class from making a living that way. It was organized by
Italian mechanics and laborers.
THE DEAK VEREIN is a Hungarian benevolent society and
assists needy Hungarians.
THE IRISH CATHOLIC COLONIZATION of the United States
is composed of Irish immigrants, and its purpose is their colon-
ization in the Western States and Territories.
ļ
ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
133
THE SOCIETY FOR HOME TEACHING OF THE BLIND has a
free lending library of several hundred volumes of choice books
printed in raised letters. The society employs a teacher to give
instruction to the blind at their own homes.
THE YOUNG MEN'S HEBREW CHARITY SOCIETY gives a
"charity ball" annually, the proceeds of which is distributed
among the various charities in the city without regard to sect.
ST. GEORGE'S BENEVOLENT ASSOCIATION gives advice to
English immigrants and grants relief to persons of English
parentage, not members of the association, who are of good moral
character. It assists the sick, buries the dead and cares for
widows and orphans of deceased members.
134
COMMERCIAL AND
Churches.
It is that the Jona
T is said that the Rev. Isaac McCoy preached the first sermon
IT ever heard in Chicago. This sermon was delivered to the
Indian inhabitants and occurred in 1825; but long years before
that Father Jacques Marquette
had visited this section of
country, and following him,
in 1676, was the Rev. Claude
Alonez. Rev. Stephen Bodin,
the first Catholic priest ordain-
ed in this country, came here in
1796, and again in 1822. In
1833 Rev. Henry Whitehead
was licensed to preach by the
first quarterly meeting held
here in that year. So much
for the past. To-day there are
some as fine churches in this

city as are
to be found
in any of
the Ameri-
can cities,
at least,
and a few
of them
have been
selected to
represent
the archi-
tectural
South Congregational.
ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
135
styles of Chicago church edifices. SOUTH CONGREGATIONAL
CHURCH, a cut of which is here presented, is a magnificent
piece of church architecture. The location is at Drexel boule-
vard and Fortieth street, one of the fashionable residence dis-
tricts.
It is not the purpose of this work to mention all the churches,
or many of them, as it would require more space than is at the
disposal of the publisher in this edition.

First Baptist Church. South Park Avenue, cor. Thirty-first Street.
FIRST BAPTIST CHURCH.-This is one of the oldest church
organizations in Chicago, dating back to October 19, 1833, when
the Rev. Allen B. Freeman, who was its first pastor, organized
it with only fifteen members. The edifice occupied by the con-
gregation of this church to-day is one of the handsomest pieces
136
COMMERCIAL AND
of church architecture in the city. Rev. P. S. Henson, D. D.,
is pastor, and the officers are:
Deacons. For life, Charles Duffield. For one year, R. S.
Parker, E. D. Neal, D. S. Treadwell, Lyman Everingham. For
two years, Edward Goodman, William Garnett, John H. Leslie,
Daniel Gano. For three years, George A. Holloway, C. E.
Harvey, J. B. Johnston, John C. Buckbee.
Trustees.-Judge Gwynn Garnett, W. E. Smith, Charles E.
Pope.
Treasurer.-James K. Burtis.
Clerk. Samuel J. Sherer.
Assistant Clerk.-Charles C. Pickett.
SINAI TEMPLE, in Moorish style of architecture, is located
on Indiana avenue, corner
Twenty-first street. The
Sinai congregation includes
many of the leading Jewish
families of the city. The
auditorium, in amphithe-
ater, and the interior finish-
ing and furnishing are very
fine. Rev. E. G. Hirsch is
minister.

UNITY CHURCH was or-
ganized in 1857, and is
probably the largest Uni-
tarian congregation in the
city. The church, both exter-
ior and interior shows that
the contributions were quite
liberal, as it is substantially
built and finished handsome-
ly. The location is Dear-
born avenue, facing Washington Square, or Walton Place.
Rev. T. G. Milsted is pastor.
Unity Church.
FIRST METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH would be a very diffi-
ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
137
cult one to find, if the stranger who desired to attend divine
services started out to look for the usual style of building indi-
cating a church edifice. In 1857 the congregation erected a
business block in the very heart of the city, Clark and Washing-
ton streets, devoting the ground floors to stores from which they
receive a handsome revenue, and using the upper portion as their
church, except a small part devoted
to offices which bring them an addi-
tional good revenue.
W. H. Bolton, D. D.

The pastor is
THE SOUTH PARK AVENUE M.
E. CHURCH, as will be seen from the
illustration,
presents still
another style
of the grand
architectural
church edi-
fices that
abound in
Chicago.
THE CHI-
CAGO AVENUE
CHURCH, with
its crescent
tower and bel-
fry, is a strik-
MY
South Park M. E. Church.
ing piece of architecture very noticeable on the North Side. It
is an independent church, and with its gallery and auditorium
seats two thousand persons.
CATHEDRAL OF THE HOLY NAME was organized in 1846.
The building is of stone in gothic architecture, and is one of the
grandest church edifices in the city. Its location is North State
and Superior streets. Most Rev. Patrick A. Feehan, D.D.; Very
Rev. Patrick Glonnay, V. G., rector; and Rev. Bernard P. Mur-
ray, chancellor.
138
COMMERCIAL AND
THE FIRST PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH, with its graceful
spire, is another of the striking pieces of church architecture
1
that are to be seen in

Chicago. This church
was organized in June,
1833, by the Rev. Jere-
miah Porter, with twen-
ty-six members. To-day
it is one of the most popu-
lar and extensive church
organizations in the
city. The charity work
emanating from its
members, particularly
through its lady mem-
bers, is felt in many quar-
ters, especially in the
Presbyterian Hospital, an
institution that all the
churches of this denom-
ination take great pride
in. The First Church is
located on Indiana
avenue, at Twenty-first
street, and the Rev. John
H. Barrows is pastor.
ST. JARLATH'S
CHURCH.-This beauti-
ful church is of thirteenth
century gothic style, with
the lofty pointed gables, bold, deep buttresses, alternating lancet
and trancined windows, deeply recessed and molded doorways.
It is built with massive stone from base to apex, and every
detail executed in the highest and purest type of the gothic
builders' art, while a slender and graceful tower, surmounted by
an appropriate spire flanks the main front, and adds grace and
dignity to the chaste exterior.
First Presbyterian Church.
ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
139

St. Jarlath's Church.
The interior is, however,
the feature of this edifice,
for, while in strict harmony
with the external design, it
is a revelation of the real
dimensions and proportions
of the structure, the audi-
torium or church apartment
being 58 feet in clear width,
130 feet in length, and 50
feet in clear height from
floor to ceiling.
This extensive chamber
is spanned by bold and
sweeping arched roof
trusses, which spring from
the floor level and by their peculiar and ingenious construction
enable the architect to bridge over and secure a graceful out-
line for the ceiling,
which, in conformity
with the lines of such
construction, assumes
a polygonal form and
is subdivided into nu-
merous rich panelings,
which are defined by
the main constructive
features of the roof.

A deeply recessed
chancel at the end of
this auditorium, of oc-
tagonal plan, gives an
added length to the
interior effect. This
Church of the Messiah.
chancel or sanctuary portion is richly embellished by a molded
arch and ornate ceiling, and is lighted by five richly-stained
140
COMMERCIAL AND
windows, representing the crucifixion and the four evangelists,
while all around are other windows embellished with figures and
emblems of the saints and martyrs of the Church.
Ample vestries are placed at either side of the chancel, and
are connected by an ambulatory which extends behind the
apsidal end or sanctuary.
The internal finishing is mainly of polished red oak and
mahogany, and the colored decorations of the walls and ceilings
blend harmoniously

Union Park Congregational Church.
------
The build-
with the architectural
features.
ing was designed and
its construction super-
intended by Mr. James
J. Egan, architect.
Its cost is $75,000.
The church was fin-
ished and dedicated
October 24, 1886. The
Rev. Thos. F. Cashman
is pastor.
THE CHURCH OF
THE MESSIAH was or-
ganized on June 29,
1836. It is built of
stone with the entrance
through the basement
of the massive tower
which forms the corner on Michigan avenue and Twenty-third
street. It is the pioneer of the Unitarian churches in this city,
and the main structure together with the memorial chapel make
it one of the handsomest architecturally. The Rev. David Utter
is pastor.
UNION PARK CONGREGATIONAL CHURCH is located on the
corner of Ashland avenue and Washington boulevard, just oppo-
site the west side of Union Park. It is built of rough-dressed
ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
141
cream sandstone, in gothic style of architecture, with a tower-
ing spire 175 feet high. It is one of the largest churches in the
city, and with its park surrounding makes a handsome addition
to the attractiveness of the locality, which is generally very
fine. The Rev. F. A. Noble is pastor.
The number of churches and missions of each denomination
is presented, following:
Baptist churches.
Missions
Christian..
Congregational
Missions ..
Dutch Reformed
Episcopal ...
•
Episcopal Reformed
Evangelical Association.
Evangelical Lutheran
Evangelical Reformed
Evangelical United
Free Methodist
•
·
•
Independent...
17
22
24
3
7
Jewish...
14
3
Methodist Episcopal
42
·
26
Missions
•
17
Presbyterian
2
21
9
8
Unitarian
31
Universalist.
Missions
•
Roman Catholic
Swedenborgian
1 Miscellaneous
•
5
52
4
3
9
6
•
3
Total ……..
.314
142
COMMERCIAL AND
:
Benevolent and Religious Societies.
TH
THE CONGREGATIONAL BENEVOLENT SOCIETIES
HESE are grouped in commodious rooms in the Merchants'
Block, corner of LaSalle and Washington streets. The
offices are six in number, and consist of branch offices of three
of the larger organizations of the denomination, viz.: the Amer-
ican Board, the American Missionary Association and the Con-
gregational Union; and of the main offices of three organizations
established in Chicago, viz.: the Illinois Home Missionary
Society, the New West Education Commission and the City
Missionary Society. These offices are the center of large mis-
sionary operations, and the resort of many friends of such causes.
They disseminate a great amount of literature which circulates
throughout the Northwest. They are in the charge of men who
are in hearty sympathy with the progressive spirit of one of the
most active of the large religious denominations.
EPISCOPAL SOCIETIES.
Cathedral Industrial School meets every Saturday at 2 P.M.,
Washington boulevard and Peoria street. St. Mary's Benev-
olent Society meets every Thursday, same place.
METHODIST SOCIETIES.
Chicago Home Missionary and Church Extension Society,
C. G. Truesdell, secretary.
Women's Foreign Missionary Society meets in Farwell Hall.
BAPTIST SOCIETIES.
American Baptist Home Mission Society, the American
Baptist Missionary Union, the American Baptist Publication
Society, the Women's Baptist Home Mission Union and the
Women's Baptist Foreign Missionary Society of the West occupy
ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
143
+
rooms at 151 Wabash avenue. The Chicago Baptist Mission
Society meets at 69 Dearborn street. The Northwestern Baptist
Education Society has headquarters at Morgan Park.
J
PRESBYTERIAN SOCIETIES.
Chicago Depository of Board of Publication, College Board
Aid of Schools and Academies, Presbyterian Ministerial Asso-
ciation, have quarters at 137 Wabash avenue, and the Women's
Board of Missions of the Northwest at 46 McCormick Block.
UNITARIAN SOCIETIES.
Chicago Women's Unitarian Association, the Western
Unitarian Sunday-school Society and the Women's Western
Unitarian Conference meet at 175 Dearborn street.
ROMAN CATHOLIC SOCIETIES.
Ancient Order of Hibernians, Henry F. Sheridan, Chicago
National Delegate, 551 Twenty-sixth street. County Board
meets second Sunday in each month at S. Halsted and W. Adams
streets.
MISCELLANEOUS SOCIETIES.
CHICAGO ACADEMY OF HOMEOPATHIC PHYSICIANS AND
SURGEONS meets first Thursday evening of every month.
CHICAGO ELECTRIC MEDICAL SOCIETY meets third Wednes-
day of each month.
CHICAGO GYNECOLOGICAL SOCIETY meets at the members'
residences third Friday evening of each month.
CHICAGO MEDICAL PRESS ASSOCIATION meets at 188 Clark
street.
CHICAGO MEDICAL SOCIETY meets first and third Mondays of
each month.
CHICAGO PATHOLOGICAL SOCIETY meets second Monday
of each month at 106 South Ashland avenue.
CHICAGO SOCIETY OF HAHNEMANN HOSPITAL meets first Sat-
urday of each month.
ILLINOIS STATE BOARD OF HEALTH holds quarterly meetings.
144
COMMERCIAL AND
ILLINOIS STATE BOARD OF PHARMACY meets second Tuesday
in each quarter at Chicago and Springfield alternately.
ILLINOIS HOMEOPATHIC MEDICAL ASSOCIATION, Dr. C. A.
Beebe, Chicago.
ILLINOIS STATE MEDICAL SOCIETY. Secretary's address, 240
Wabash avenue.
WOMAN PHYSICIANS' MEDICAL SOCIETY meets second Wed-
nesday of each month at Sherman House.
WOMAN PHYSIOLOGICAL INSTITUTE meets at Apollo Hall,
69 State street.
ILLINOIS HUMANE SOCIETY, room 27, 113 Adams street.
ILLINOIS STATE ASSOCIATION OF ARCHITECTS meets at 15
Washington street.
IRISH-AMERICAN CLUB, 90 Washington street.
MEXICAN WAR VETERANS, every fourth Sunday at 106 Ran-
dolph street, third floor.
POLICEMEN'S BENEVOLENT ASSOCIATION OF CHICAGO meets
third Tuesday at Harrison street station.
ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
145
THE
Cemeteries.
HE CEMETERIES of Chicago will compare favorably with
those of any of the older cities. There are many attractive
views in these quiet cities of the silent, some of which are shown
in the following illustrations. The early burial places, say up

Cottage, Mount Greenwood Cemetery.
to 1842-3, have been abandoned, the deposits all removed to the
newer and present grounds provided by the several cemetery
associations of the city.
10
146
COMMERCIAL AND ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
MOUNT GREENwood CemeteRY.-This beautiful home of the
dead is very appropriately named, as the ground on which it is
laid out reaches an altitude of seventy feet above Lake Mich-
igan, and is perhaps the highest piece of natural ground within
a like distance from Chicago.
Nature has also provided one other feature necessary to the
adornment of a park or large burying ground, and that is forest
trees; here they are abundant, some of them monsters of the
primeval forest. Mount Greenwood lies along One-hundred-and-
eleventh street, California and Western avenues, and is reached
by the Chicago, & Grand Trunk Railway from Dearborn Station,
Polk street, and by carriages over well-kept roads, via Western
avenue, Halsted and State streets, or the old Vincennes road,
through South Englewood. The grounds contain eighty acres,
and have greenhouses, water-works and, it is said, the largest
receiving vault in the State. It has been chosen as the resting-
place for the remains of many of Chicago's prominent and
wealthy citizens, and it contains a large number of costly and
appropriate monuments, among which is that of the "Elks."
The management of Mount Greenwood Association is in able.
hands, as will be seen by the following officers: James W. Brock-
way, president; Leslie P. Voorhees, vice president; Norman B.
Rexford, treasurer; Willis N. Rudd, secretary. Directory-Jas.
W. Brockway, George W. Waite, Norman B. Rexford, John
McCaffery, Henry H. Massey, Charles W. Dean, Leslie P. Voor-
hees, George C. Whipple and Frederick C. Kile.
OAK WOODS CEMETERY is another of the beautiful park-like
places of this city's enterprise in which the departed have final
sepulchre. The grounds are about three and a half miles south
of the city limits, on the east side of Cottage Grove avenue from
Sixty-seventh street. They contain four charming lakes, each
one of which covers from three to four acres in extent. Eight
large greenhouses in which almost every variety of plant is
grown are also a part of the possessions of this noted cemetery
besides a very handsome cottage for the use of the superintend-
ent, a commodious receiving vault and a chapel tend further to

LEVYEY
Views in Rosehill Cemetery Grounds, Looking East Toward the Entrance.
147
148
COMMERCIAL AND ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
the completion of the improvements. The design used for lay-
ing out the grounds is after the lawn system, which is divided
into sections, each with mounds of different sizes and shapes,
while throughout the whole there is any number of ornamental
shade-trees and an abundance of shrubbery. The monument to
the soldiers who died at the Home for Old Soldiers is a mam-
moth figure of a soldier on guard, and is of white marble. In
the south part of the grounds over six thousand dead lie buried;
these were Confederates-men who were prisoners at Camp
Douglas. This cemetery contains the graves of some of Chi-
cago's earliest settlers, also of many of her former influential
citizens. James H. Woodworth, a two-term mayor of the city
and also member of Congress; Col. W. J. Foster, geologist and
author, Mr. Wm. Jones, an old settler; Dr. C. E. Dyer, Mr.
Charles Hitchcock and others equally well known are buried
here. The Cemetery Association has offices on Dearborn street,
room 102, No. 185, and Mr. Marcus A. Farwell is the presiding
officer.
CALVARY CEMETERY, the burial place for the dead of the
Catholic faith, contains some hundred acres of beautiful ground
on the lake shore, north of the city about ten miles, and is
reached by the Chicago & Northwestern Railway. The grounds
are beautifully improved. There are many very handsome monu-
ments denoting the resting-place of former residents of Chicago,
and the plots of ground surrounding them are kept in a high
state of plant cultivation. There is a large greenhouse in con-
nection with the cemetery.
GRACELAND CEMETERY.-In addition to the natural beau-
ties of the grounds of this cemetery there has been added a
wealth of landscape-gardening that displays work of a master-
mind in that art. The three lakes in the broad expanse of
exquisite scenery are works of engineering skill; they are fed by
living springs, besides which there is a mammoth system of
water works that will furnish a full supply throughout the
entire 125 acres comprised in the grounds. The approach to
Graceland is either by the Lake Shore drive, through Lincoln

[(BRIDGES PATTERY
21008
600
Views Looking West from the Entrance, Showing Bridges Battery Lot, Soldiers' Monument, Etc.
149
150
COMMERCIAL AND
Park and North Clark street by the Clark or State street horse-
cars, or over the Chicago & Evanston R. R., whose handsome
station (Swiss cottage architecture) is at the eastern approach
to the grounds. Pages could be written portraying the marvel-
ous beauties of this noted place, and still other pages referring to
the people prominent in their time who rest here, and of the rare
pieces of monumental marble in the grounds. Yet it is enough
to say that Graceland is known to every Chicagoan, and to every
visitor who appreciates the grand in nature and beautiful in art.
Mr. Bryon Lathrop is president, office 115 Monroe street.
ROSE HILL CEMETERY contains five hundred acres of high
ground, and is situated on the Chicago & Northwestern Rail-
way, about six and a half miles from the city. The view had
of this cemetery from passing trains or from almost any point sur-
rounding, with its winding carriage and footways, its beautiful
lakes and its green and sloping lawns, reveals a picture of grand
landscape work that is hardly excelled. The massive stone en-
trance, built in the old castle style of architecture, affords both
office and chapel room, and the greenhouses, which are very large,
contain almost every variety of plant and flower. The city office
is at 163 LaSalle street, and Mr. Joseph Gow is secretary of the
company and superintendent of the cemetery.
CONCORDIA CEMETERY is beautifully laid out, and highly
improved, and is the burial place of the Evangelical Lutheran
churches' dead. It is nine miles west of the city.
ST. BONIFACE, three miles north of the city, is the resting-
place for German Catholics.
WALDHEIM CEMETERY grounds are kept like a garden. It
contains some eighty acres, ten miles west of the city.
KEHILATH ANSHEY MAARAB.-This congregation have
their cemetery five miles north of the city, and the
HEBREW BENEVOLENT SOCIETY cemeteries are small grounds
near the lake, while other Hebrew congregations bury their dead
in Rose Hill, Waldheim or Forrest Home.
ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
151
Real Estate.
A
GLANCE at the figures representing the volume of trans-
actions in this class of property will give the reader some
interesting information.
Commencing with 1880, the total values for that year were
$43,682,922; for 1881, $54,859,186; for 1882, $65,735,185; for
1883, $44,164,243; for 1884, $51,924,721; for 1885, $57,482,331;
for 1886, $87,006,784.
The publisher is indebted to the Real Estate and Building
Journal for these figures.
Chicago is constantly adding to her population, extending
her suburban building, both manufacturing, store, resident, etc.,
and her central property, business and otherwise, pays handsome
returns on the investment. One thing noticeable in Chicago is
the scarcity of "tolet" tags. Of course there are places for rent,
caused by the removal of a tenant to another quarter, or on the
completion of a new building; but for a city of the size of Chi-
cago, there is very little vacant property. The installment plan,
by which the provident classes secure a home, has become very
popular, and thus outlying land that a few years ago was waste
prairie is now thickly built over with residences whose architec-
tural beauty is pleasant to look upon.
ABSTRACTS OF TITLE.-The importance in all transactions in
real estate of obtaining a title direct from the first transfer of
ownership is one that will at once be recognized by everyone
who has had any experience, of however limited a nature, in
dealing in this class of security. To furnish the most direct
means of obtaining a perfect record, the abstract business was
established in Chicago as long ago as 1849, and at the time of the
great fire in 1871, there were three firms engaged in this business,
each of whom was fortunate enough to save from destruction a
152
COMMERCIAL AND
considerable portion of their books, and these combined records
supply to-day the only direct abstracts of title to real estate in
Chicago and Cook county. They, however, form a complete
and clear chain of title, and were fully recognized as such by
Eastern capitalists who relied on them for the millions of dollars
which were loaned to rebuild this city. These original abstract
books are now exclusively controlled by Messrs. Handy & Co.,
94 Washington street, and as they comprise the only records in
existence of title to Cook county lands that go back beyond 1871,
it is absolutely essential to perfect security and safety in dealing
Prairie Avenue and Sixteenth Street.
in this class of property that abstracts of title should be obtained
from them. Mr. Henry H. Handy associated with himself Mr.
Nicholas J. Neary and Mr. Fillmore Weigley, and these three
gentlemen constitute the present firm of Handy & Company.
WM. D. KERFOOT & Co.-This firm dates back to a period
in the real estate history of Chicago when values were small as
compared to now. The senior of the firm has grown up with
the realty interests here and is therefore thoroughly familiar
with values, etc. The firm pays a heavy amount of taxes on
property handled by them for clients, non-resident, and do a
;

ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
153

In Lincoln Park.
:
154
COMMERCIAL AND
general real estate business which includes every department of
the interest. The cut showing the first house built after the
fire of "71, page 11, was their place of business then, since which
they have removed to 90, just across to the opposite side of Wash-
ington street.
GRIFFIN & DWIGHT, Washington and Halsted streets, are
the real estate men of the West Side. They handle property for
other portions of the city, but the West Side property owners
who have property for rent or sale place their buildings in the
hands of the above firm. They pay taxes, adjust insurance,
collect rents, negotiate loans, in fact, look after all the interests
of their clients in a manner that has given them the leading
position in the real estate business they have to-day. The firm
is composed of Mr. James F. Griffin and Mr. Walter T. Dwight.
NELSON THOMASSON makes a specialty of business property,
though he handles a large quantity of acre property besides. He
has located a number of very valuable manufacturing sites, some
of which are along the best railways. He began business in 1870,
and his record enables him to refer to any of the Chicago banks.
His office is Room 3, 85 Washington street.
HENRY C. MOREY & Co. The senior member of this firm is
one of the most reliable judges of the value of real estate in the
city. His long experience in real estate, and his intimate knowl-
edge of the whole field of business transactions in Chicago gives
the firm a prestige seldom attained. Their office is 85 Washing-
ton street.
KNIGHT & MARSHALL. This firm does a general business in
all the real estate field, and has a large list of non-resident
property in its charge.
MEAD & COE have been in continuous business as a firm
since their first establishment, in 1867. They handle real estate
in all branches, negotiate loans on first mortgages, buy and sell
on commission, pay taxes, adjust insurance, and have in charge
the renting of a large number of the great office buildings and
other property. Their office is at the southeast corner LaSalle
and Madison streets.
·
ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
155
BOGUE & HOYT is a firm composed of Hon. George M. Bogue,
Henry W. Hoyt and Hamilton B. Bogue, all gentlemen well
known in the commercial history of Chicago. Hon. George M.
Bogue has occupied many positions of trust. He was at the age
of twenty-two clerk of the

town of Hyde Park. In 1872
he was elected one of the
board of county commission-
ers, and during his term was
chairman of the finance com-
mittee. In 1874 he was elect-
ed to the legislature, and in
1877 was appointed by the
governor railroad and ware-
house commissioner. On his
retirement from this position
he was unanimously elected
sole arbitrator of the western
railroad pools. Mr. Henry
W. Hoyt and Mr. Hamilton
B. Bogue are both gentlemen
who have been long identified
with large business interests
in Chicago, and are thorough-
Drexel Fountain.
ly conversant with every feature of real estate transactions.
Their offices are at Dearborn and Monroe streets.
NORMAN T. GASSETTE is another of the reliable real estate
men of this town. His experience as clerk of the circuit court
and ex-officio recorder of deeds from 1868 to 1873 is of great
advantage in real estate matters. He has a large clientage and
does a general real estate business. Office, 57 Dearborn street.
JAMES B. GOODMAN & Co. are among the most extensive
handlers of timber lands, iron lands, etc., and in connection
with their Chicago offices, have agents in sections where such
lands lie who keep the home office fully informed. This office
is at 68 Washington street.
}
:
156
COMMERCIAL AND
ISHAM & PRENTICE, 55 Dearborn street, have a large list of
properties on their books and make a specialty of the care and
management of real estate.
OGDEN, SHELDON & Co., Northwestern Land Agency, Clark
and Lake streets. This is the oldest real estate house in Chi-
cago, dating back to 1845, when the late Hon. Wm. B. Ogden
established it.
BAIRD & BRADLEY date their establishment back to 1-57.
The house has always done a large business for eastern capital-
ists and corporations, and also in its renting agency and gen-
eral real estate business. Their offices are at 90 LaSalle street.
The real estate men and firms of Chicago have not only been
the channels through which the city was and is being built up,
but they have brought into notice suburban property, and such
places as the following were improved:
CHICAGO LAWN.
CHICAGO LAWN is a comparatively new but most delightful
suburb. It is situated at the intersections of Sixty-third street
and Central Park avenue, on the Chicago and Grand Trunk Rail-
road. Until recently it has labored under the disadvantage of
not having good train accommodation to the city, but that dis-
advantage has now been removed by the dozen daily accom-
modation trains that carry its people to the city for the small
sum of SIX CENTS a ride. It offers more attractions and better
homes for the money than can be found in any other direc-
tion. For a man of moderate means, who desires a clean, quiet
and safe home, with pleasant neighbors and healthful surround-
ings, it has no equal within a six-cent ride of the city. The soil
is the finest that can be found anywhere in the region of Chi-
cago, and the drainage is good, being fifteen feet higher than the
city, and only two and a half miles from its limits. The streets
are graded and lighted, sidewalks are laid, and trees planted and
some of them already well grown. There is also a postoffice,
an express office, a meat market and a store.
All the houses are neat structures-in most cases having
ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
157
been built by their owners at an expense ranging from $1,000 to
$4,000. A building line of twenty-two feet is observed, and no
fences are erected, thus saving much to the owners and preserv-
ing the park-like feature of the place. The people are mostly
Americans and others who take an interest in their homes, and
maintain a first-class school, together with literary, musical and
other social societies.
Titles are simply perfect, with no danger of subsequent cloud
or shadow arising to invalidate them. Certified abstracts are

Lake Shore Drive.
furnished each purchaser. Good lots near the depot can now be
had at from $200 to $300, with a small cash payment, and $5
per month. With the interest and activity in this direction,
these lots must soon double in value. And the further fact that
the town was founded and is managed by John F. Eberhart, one
of Chicago's old and most reliable citizens, and for ten years
county superintendent of schools, is a sufficient guarantee of
its future success. In the past year, some four hundred
lots have been sold, and the number of its houses and peo-
ple has nearly doubled. It will pay anyone who desires a pleas-
ant home with pleasant people-far removed from saloons
and saloon influences to visit this beautiful and flourishing
158
COMMERCIAL AND
!
no
suburb before buying homes elsewhere. Call on or address
John F. Eberhart, 161 LaSalle street, room 75.
TRACY.
This beautiful suburb is only forty minutes' ride from the
city, by the Rock Island road. It lies about one hundred feet
above Lake Michigan, on a ridge crowned with fine oaks, has
perfect drainage, pure spring water, and the best of society.
Mr. O. H. Brooks, rooms 41 and 42 Major Block, will give any
further information.
HERMOSA.
This neat suburb is just one mile beyond Humboldt Park,
on the Chicago & Milwaukee railroad. It has rapidly filled up
with residences and manufactories, yet there are more desirable
pieces of property, which can be located by inquiring of Mr. J.
F. Keeney, 94 Washington street.
EVANSTON.
This is no longer a town; it has grown to be a charming
little city, with water-works, gas, electric light plants, extensive
sewerage system, miles of graded and paved streets, fine
churches, palatial residences, a bank, and the grandest campus
of educational buildings in the Western country. The Chicago,
Evanston & Lake Superior and the Chicago & Northwestern
railways have each a handsome railroad station within one hun-
dred feet of each other, and trains arrive and depart contin-
ually.
MORGAN PARK
Is another suburb of great beauty, both as to location and
improvements. At the station on the Chicago, Rock Island &
Pacific is a charming little park, gradually rising to a ridge on
which is situated some handsome residences. Here are located
the Baptist Union Theological Seminary, the Morgan Park Mili-
tary Academy and the Chicago Female College—all large and
handsome buildings.
ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
159
HEGEWISCH.
This is a manufacturing village of some three thousand
inhabitants, situated in the forks of Calumet river, that offers
the very best advantages for the location of other factories.
The river furnishes abundance of water of sufficient depth to
float the largest lake vessels.
SOUTH CHICAGO is the seat of the great rolling-mills of two
large companies, besides iron works of various other kinds, also
tin-plate works, sash and blind factories and a number of large
lumber concerns. It lies on the lake, in full view from Lake
Park, and, with its towering chimneys, smoke-stacks, furnace-
flues, etc., presents a busy scene of manufacturing habitation.
CHELTENHAM BEACH is a watering-place twelve miles south,
with hotel accommodations and attractive grounds, where many
spend their time during the hot months.
CRAIGIN is another manufacturing village, and is north west
from Chicago only a few miles. A large factory for the manu-
facture of sleighs, and one for manufacturing tin and sheet-iron
ware are located there.
PULLMAN is located on the Calumet lake and is the most
beautiful little city on the face of the earth. Its great manu-
facturing plants are surrounded by broad and sinuous drives,
walks, lawns, miniature lakes, fountains, etc., that give it the
appearance more of a park than the seat of a great manufactory.
The Arcade, an immense building in which are all the shops,
or stores, a bank, a library, a theater, etc.; the Market House,
in which all meats and vegetables are sold; the Hotel and all
the residences are built principally of pressed brick, showing
gothic, Swiss and other styles of architecture. Pages could be
written about "Pullman" and yet not present half its attractive-
ness. Everyone visiting Chicago should take the Illinois Cen-
tral and see Pullman.
MR. E. F. GOBEL, office Times building. The cut showing
the pumping-house and tower, Ashland avenue and Twenty-
second street, is an illustration of the character of work done
160
COMMERCIAL AND
by him. In the great work of rebuilding Chicago he has taken
an active part, and to-day some of the most substantial struct-
ures here were erected under his guidance, and he is too well-
known to require eulogy. The new State House at Indianapolis,
Ind., which is about finished, was erected by him and is a lasting
testimonial to his ability as a contractor, mason and builder.

77 7 7 7
City Pumping Works. E. F. Gobel, Builder, Office Times Building.
ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
161
Private Residences.

THE
HE varied
styles of
architecture
represented in
the different
buildings in
Chicago are
most noticea-
ble in the resi-
dences that
have been and
are being
erected in the
districts where
home places
Private Residence.
abound. The
visitor to Chicago will find on the South Side, along Michi-
gan boulevard, south of Fifteenth street, a continuous line of
beautiful residences; the same can be said of Indiana avenue,
Prairie avenue, parts of Calumet avenue, Vernon aveņue, Grove-
land avenue, Lake Park avenue, Grand boulevard, Drexel boule-
vard, Kenwood and Hyde Park, and on the North Side parts
of the Lake Shore drive, Chicago avenue, Ohio street, LaSalle
avenue, Dearborn avenue, State street, etc., contains some of
the most palatial residences, presenting architectural features
and varied materials of construction that would justify the
expense of time required in going through the district. The
West Side has its Ashland avenue, Washington boulevard, Ogden
avenue, in fact all that portion of the West Side west of Ashland
avenue will repay the visitor for the time consumed, and afford
11
162
COMMERCIAL AND
a pleasant afternoon's entertainment enjoying the charming sur-
roundings.
The suburban towns lying in close to Chicago contain resi-
dences with beautifully improved grounds that compare with
those of any part of the world, and in them many of the wealthy
men of Chicago have their homes.

S
Private Residence.
ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
163

Private Residence.
គ៩
164
COMMERCIAL AND
T
Office Buildings.
HERE are any number of fine office buildings here,
especially in that portion of town easily accessible to the
transient visitor. On LaSalle street, south from Monroe on
the east side of the way is the Calumet building, built of press
brick; next above on the same side is the Home Insurance
building, also of red press brick, with granite and terra cotta
trimmings. Over the way, on the southwest corner, is the
Insurance Exchange, also of red press brick. It occupies the
space between Adams and Quincy streets. On the corner across
Quincy is the Mahler building, adjoining this is the Gaff build-
ing, then the Counselman building all on LaSalle, the latter
on the corner of Jackson. Facing Sherman street, which is
west twenty-five feet from LaSalle, is the Royal Insurance
building, which is built of granite on that side; it runs through
to Quincy street, which front is built of granite for the first
stories, and red press brick above; opposite the Royal, on Sher-
man street, is the Brother Jonathan building, which faces the
Sherman street side of the Board of Trade. Just back of the
Board of Trade is the Rialto building, separated by a light-shaft
but connected with the Board of Trade by a bridge. Opposite
the Rialto on Van Buren street is the handsome station of the
Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific and the Lake Shore & Michigan
Southern railways. On the corner of Pacific avenue and Van
Buren street is the Exchange building, north on Pacific avenue
is the Open Board of Trade building, next to which is the
Traders' building; next this and on the corner and running to
the Clark street corner of Jackson street is the Phoenix building,
one of the latest additions to Chicago's magnificent architectural
structures. It is of red press brick with terra cotta orna-
mentation. Against Pacific avenue at the turning into Jackson
ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
165

da
HOME INSURAMORICON
UNSUR
QUES
arve
CODE
WI
Armour & Co.
Home Insurance Building, Adams and LaSalle Sts.
Union National Bank.
166
COMMERCIAL AND
and LaSalle streets, is the Grand Pacific hotel, facing which on
LaSalle and across Quincy is the giant "Rookery" building,
with brown brick construction terra cotta, polished and rough
granite finishings.
These buildings are all from seven to twelve stories high,
fire-proof construction, and with the halls, corridors and lobbies
finished in marble and onyx. The Marshal Field building,
which is built with granite for the basement and first story, and
with brown stone up, is without doubt the most substantial
mercantile structure in this country. Its location is Adams,
Quincy, Fifth avenue and Franklin. The Montauk block on
Monroe, next in rear of
the First National Bank
building, which fronts on
Dearborn, corner of Mon-
roe; the Pullman building,
Adams and Michigan av-
enue, the Chicago Opera
House building, Clark and
Washington streets; the
Ashland building, Clark and
Randolph; the Illinois Na-
tional Bank block, 111 to
117 Dearborn street; the
Adams Express building,
185-189 Dearborn;

the
Honore block, corner Adams
and Dearborn; the Lake
Side buildings, Clark and
Adams, and the American
Express Company building
નવ
Pullman Building, Adams Street and Michigan
Boulevard.
are all magnificent structures. Beside these there are hundreds
proportionally grand, which it is impossible to enumerate in
this work.
ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
167
Financial.
WITH the greatest live stock market in the world, the
greatest packing-house business and the heaviest grain
business, besides manufacturing of every kind, wholesale lines
representing all classes of goods made-in fact, with a volume

BEE
First National Bank Building, Dearborn and Monroe Streets.
of trade that covers every department of business-Chicago
requires a large banking capital and the requisite banking con-
cerns and facilities. These Chicago has, as will be seen by look-
ing at the clearing house statements.
Clearings from 1884 to 1887:
1884...
1885.
1886.
to Sept. 1887 (eight months).
$2,259,350,386 00
2,318,579,003 07
2,604,762,912 35
1,901,458,705 62
168
COMMERCIAL AND
The following table shows the clearings from 1865 to 1883;
those from this latter date are shown in the table just before
this:
1865, (nine months)....
$319,606,000 00
1866..
1867..
1868..
1869..
1
• •
453,798,648 11
580,727,331 43
•
724,293,144 91
734,664,949 91
.1870.
1871..
810,676,036 28
868,936,754 20
1872..
1873,..
1874.
1875.
993,060,503 48
1,047,027,828 33
•
•
•
•
•
D
1,001,347,948 41
•
1,212,817,207 64
1876..
1877..
1878.
•
1,101,092,624 37
1,044,678,475 70
967,184,093 07
1879...
•
•
1880..
1881.
1882..
1883.
1,257,756,124 31
1,725,684,894 85
2,229,097,450 60
2,366,536,855 00
2,525,622,944 00
The strength of the Chicago banks is shown in the list fur-
ther on.
The conservative policy regulating their management
and their freedom from speculative investments make them the
safe custodian of the funds of other banks. Western cities look
almost exclusively to Chicago for eastern exchange; and for for-
eign exchange, it is done from Chicago direct with all European
points. The latest statement returned to the clearing house is
as follows:
Number of Banks...
Capital and Surplus..
Undivided Profits.
Deposits...
Loans..
...21
$24,123,500 00
1,819,528 00
109,184,908 00
78,795,281 00
The banks outside of the clearing house use a capital of
about $3,500,000, therefore the total banking capital is $27,623,-
500.00.
ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
169

umban
00:
Interior of Union National Bank.
#
170
COMMERCIAL AND
NAME.
NATIONAL BANKS OF CHICAGO.
LOCATION.
American Exchange Nat'l. 185 Dearborn
Atlas National
Chicago National..
Commercial National.
Continental National..
Drovers' National
First National..
Fort Dearborn National.
Hide and Leather National.
Home National.
Lincoln National.
Merchants National..
Metropolitan National..
National of America...
National of Illinois.
Northwestern National
Park National
Union National.
Union Stock Yards Nat'l.
United States National.
sw. LaSalle and Washington.
sw. Dearborn and Monroe
se. Dearborn and Monroe
sw. LaSalle and Adams.
4207 S. Halsted
Dearborn, nw. Monroe
185 Dearborn.
se. Madison and LaSalle.
184 W. Washington
59 N. Clark
82 LaSalle
LaSalle, nw. Madison
LaSalle, nw. Washington.
111 to 117 Dearborn..
Clark and Washington.
nw.Washington and Dearborn
ne. LaSalle and Adams.
Union Stock Yards..
nw. LaSalle and Adams
CAPITAL
AND
SURPLUS.
PRESIDENT.
$1,090,000.. D. B. Dewey..
720,000.. W. C. D. Grannis.
750,000. John R. Walsh...
1,200,000.. H. F. Eames
2,140,000.. C. T. Wheeler..
284,000.. S. Brintnall
4,000,000.. S. M. Nickerson..
500,000.. H. N. Hibbard
380,000.. C. F. Grey.
350,000.. A. M. Billings..
V.-PRESIDENT.
CASHIER.
E. Buckingham A. L. Dewar.
C. B. Farwell... J. P. Wilson.
H. H. Nash.
John B. Meyer.
Douglas Hoyt.
Wm. H. Brintnall.
H. R. Symonds.
Seymour Walton.
T. L. Forest.
H. H. Blake.
John C. Black..
L. B. Doud
Lyman J. Gage.
E. E. Crepin...
20,000.. J. L. Beveridge.. Ewd. Hammett R. L. Dakin.
1,500,000.. C. B. Blair.
635,000.. E. G. Keith..
1,160,000.. J. G. Lombard...
G. B. Shaw.
J. C. Neely.
W. D. Preston.
Ed. B. Lathrop.
1,500,000..| George Schneider W. H. Bradley.| Wm. A. Hammond.
250,000.. G. Sturgis.
200,000.. C. P. Packer..
...
F. W. Gookin.
John J. Akin.
2,400,000.. C. R. Cummings.. J. J. P. O'Dell.. W. C. Oakley.
600,000.. E. Washburn...
160,000.. H. V. Reed..
George E. Conrad.
J. M. Starbuck.
ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
171
BANKS.
NAME.
Corn Exchange Bank….
Hibernian B'k'g Ass'n..
International Bank.
Traders'..
Bank of British N. A…….
Bank of Montreal..
LOCATION.
222 LaSalle
Clark, sw. Lake..
110 LaSalle
138 LaSalle
Royal Ins. Bldg..
226 LaSalle.
...
PRESIDENT.
C. H. Hutchison
J. V. Clarke
B. Lowenthal
J. O. Rutter
H. M. Breedon, agent
Wm. Munro, mgr…………
CASHIER.
Frank W. South.
Hamilton B. Dox.
M. Schweisthal.
Name.
S. A. Kean & Co.......
H. S. Christoph
E. L. Brewster & Co
H. A. Hurlbut
BANKERS-(Partial List).
•
•
•
Location.
100 Washington, also LaSalle and Adams.
157 Randolph.
81 Washington.
.165 Washington.
Western Investment Bank..154
P. E. Stanley & Co...
Pearsons & Taft..
Beveredge & Dewey
Peterson & Bay.
Name.
Dime.
•
Washington, Wm. Kimball, prest., W. M.
R. Vose, cashier.
96 Washington.
94 LaSalle.
71 Dearborn.
.163 Randolph.
SAVINGS BANKS.
Location.
.104 Washington, Wm. Converse, president.
Rock Savings and Bond Co.111 Dearborn.
TRUST COMPANIES.
Name.
Location.
Chicago Trust and Savings Bank...120 LaSalle.
Prairie State Loan and Trust Co....110 W. Washington.
Merchants' Loan and Trust Co... ...Dearborn and Washington.
Union Trust Co....
Illinois Trust and Savings Bank...
Northwestern Bond and Trust Co.
Farmers' Trust Co.....
Madison and Dearborn.
147 Randolph.
111 Dearborn.
LOAN AND INVESTMENT COMPANIES.
H. A. Hurlbut, 165 Washington.
Kimball, Vose & Co., 154 Washington.
;
172
COMMERCIAL AND
CHICAGO CLEARING-HOUSE ASSOCIATION was established in
1865 and incorporated in 1882.
The clearing-house does away with the early method of sett-
ling between banks. The " settling clerks" of those banks

हु
H
NAT'L BANK FILL
ابدا
شيح
་་་་་་་་་ས་..་་-.
15.11
National Bank of Illinois, Building 115 Dearborn Street.
belonging to the association call at the clearing-house, and the
banks having the smaller amount of paper against other banks
are required to pay the difference, thus an immense amount of
money (in checks or drafts) is paid out and received in a few
minutes time. Mr. A. P. Smith is manager.
!
ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
173
THE
Building and Loan Associations.
HE contrast between the savings bank deposits of Eastern
and Western States is a matter of frequent comment.
While it is true that the old style savings banks of Chicago prob-
ably hold less than $5,000,000 of savings, it should not be
inferred that the people of this city are not as a rule money
savers. The growth of the building societies, which are simply
coöperative savings banks, within the past ten years, is marvel-
ous. Already three hundred of these societies exist in Illinois,
and of these about two hundred are in Chicago. It is difficult
to get full data of their resources, but their importance among
the financial institutions may be signified by the following list
embracing some of those well known to the public.
People's
assets over
Mechanics & Traders' assets over $800,000
Chicago
Union
$1,250,000
225,000
Chicago Permanent
66
250,000
175,000
Phoenix
..
300,000
66
66
150,000
Commercial
200,000
3.66
200,000
Franklin
150,000
..
100,000
Ashland ave.
..
100,000
Central, $100,000, etc., etc.
Northwestern
Bankers & Merchants'
Oakland
>
174
COMMERCIAL AND
Safe Deposit Companies.
THE system of providing a sure and convenient place where
valuables may be deposited, was begun quite a number of
years ago, but it was in the city of Chicago that the perfection
of the system was first realized. The fact that houses are not

Vaults of Home Safety Deposit Company, Adams and LaSalle Streets.
Vanderounk & Ensch
absolutely proof against fire or the schemes of the shrewd and
desperate burglar, has made safety deposit vaults an actual
necessity. There is hardly a household but that owns some
valuable the loss of which would be seriously felt- and yet
that have not a place of safety of their own in which to protect
it. The safety deposit vaults provide this means of security and
it is thoroughly proof against fire, riot or the burglar.
ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
175
A brief mention of the vaults now in existence in this city will
be of value to those requiring their use.
THE HOME SAFETY DEPOSIT VAULTS are located at LaSalle
and Adams streets, in the Home Insurance building, and occupy
a part of the ground floor. They are fitted up elaborately with
numerous compartments, offering every accommodation to ladies
for their diamonds, jewelry or other personal effects, and to

II
BANKING
DEPT
MONEY VAULT
CASHIER.
الالام
الالي
SECURITIES"
FOREIGN
EXCHANG
Interior S. A. Kean & Co.'s Bank.
View of Main officell
FAUN HOLD. DEC
business men for their bonds, papers, moneys, etc., the rates
being from $5 to $60 per year. It goes without saying that the
construction of these vaults is of the most substantial character,
and that safes of all desirable sizes are at the disposal of the
company to patrons. The fact that these vaults are the latest
built in Chicago, guarantees every perfection the system has
attained. As to their management it is only necessary to men-
176
COMMERCIAL AND
tion the gentlemen who form the company to insure confidence.
Mr. S. A. Kean is president; Mr. J. B. Hobbs, vice-president;
Mr. J. B. Lewis, secretary, and Mr. J. L. Whitlock, treasurer.

ร
TO
RENTERS
ROOM
TO VAUL
Entrance to Vaults, Fidelity Safe Deposit Company.
Just here it is proper to mention a banking house that has taken
an active part in the financial affairs of the town. In 1860 Mr.
S. A. Kean established what was afterwards the well known
banking house of Preston, Kean & Co., which for twenty-five
ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
177
years passed successfully through financial depressions that sent
under many strong concerns. They do a regular banking busi-
ness, receive deposit accounts, issue interest-bearing certificates
of deposit, sell bills of exchange, foreign and domestic; handle
approved commercial paper, both as buyers and sellers; purchase
bankers' or documentary bills, and furnish travelers' letters of
credit, available in all parts of the world. In their bond depart-

JAKER NED
Vaults, Fidelity Safe Deposit Company.
ment they handle municipal state and government loans; and
since 1860, though handling many millions, have not lost a dol-
lar to their clients, so far as they know.
THE FIDELITY SAFE DEPOSIT COMPANY, 143 Randolph
street, was founded in 1871, opened its vaults to the public for
business in June of the same year, and is the oldest institution of
12
178
COMMERCIAL AND
the kind in Chicago. The building was destroyed by the great fire
of October, 1871, but the vaults, containing millions of treasure, in
many cases the savings of a life time, were uninjured. The Fidelity
has steadily grown in public favor as a place of absolute security
for the deposit of money, bonds, securities, wills, deeds, abstracts,
and other important papers.
The number of private safes has been increased from time to
time until it now reaches over six thousand, which are rented at

Wate
打
​77/17-
<hr oh d dh je t} dp i ab ch
Interior Fidelity Safe Deposit Company.
from $5 to $50 per annum, according to size and location. There
is a separate department for the storage of silverware, trunks of
clothing and valuables of all kinds, a receipt being given for all
articles at their full value, and every safeguard is provided for
the security of property beyond the possibility of loss. The
company is backed by wealthy and responsible men. Hon. Van
H. Higgins is president, and Robt. Boyd manager.
ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
179
THE NATIONAL SAFE DEPOSIT COMPANY offers the very best
possible quarters for the depositing of valuables of every kind.
The vaults are built on the most substantial order, offering every
facility for the transaction of business within their magnificently
arranged apartments, which are provided with electric light.
THE COMMERCIAL SAFETY DEPOSIT COMPANY.-This com-
pany have constructed their fire and burglar proof vaults to afford
absolute protection to whatever valuables are deposited in them.
The strong room is a combination of iron, stone, concrete and
steel, that will resist the operations of the most accomplished
burglar, even if he could possibly get to work at them, and their
solidity guarantees them against fire.
THE MERCHANTS' SAFE DEPOSIT COMPANY.- The needs for
a sure protection against fire or burglars for the deposit of
papers, money, jewelry, etc., caused this company to fit up the
substantial vaults they have, and which offer a place of absolute
security, at from $5 per vault and upwards.
THE ROYAL SAFETY DEPOSIT COMPANY has taken advan-
tage of the latest improvements in safety vault buildings, and
their whole equipment is of the most perfect kind. Every con-
venience is offered their patrons, who pay an annual rent of from
$5 for small boxes up to $50 for separate vaults.
GUARANTEE SYSTEM.
"Not-
THE GUARANTEE COMPANY OF NORTH AMERICA.
withstanding the almost universal use, by careful and prudent
officers, of financial and other corporations, of the bonds of the
guarantee companies, instead of those given by private individ-
uals," says Mr. James Grant, Chicago, secretary of the Guaran-
tee Company of North America, "I think it is desirable to
point out, even at the expense of reiteration, some of its more
valuable attributes, as the system is still to a great extent unknown
to many. To employers it insures the endorsement by a respons-
ible company of those to whom their affairs are entrusted,
and the ready recovery on defalcations, should such arise.
It saves the trouble of inquiring into the antecedents of appli-
180
COMMERCIAL AND
cants, does away with the periodical supervisions necessary in
cases of private sureties, and is a safeguard against the appoint-
ment or retention of an unworthy employé. To the employé
the certificate of a guarantee company is very valuable, as it at
once establishes his title to confidence. The cost of such a cer-
tificate is comparatively small, considering the consequent bene-
fits, and it is not surprising that the business is growing rapidly.
This company has issued bonds covering the employés of over
two hundred banks, one hundred and fifty railroads, and nearly
two hundred express companies, fast freight lines, financial and
other corporations throughout the United States and Canada,
and has paid over $500,000 in claims during the past fifteen
years. These figures will give the reader an idea of the extent
of the business.
THE NORTHWESTERN BOND AND TRUST COMPANY. — This
company is organized under state charter, with a capital of
$250,000, all subscribed. The design of the management is to
conduct a conservative trust company, soliciting money not
actively engaged, investing it in securities of the most unques-
tioned character. The company issues a "guaranteed con-
vertible savings bond," being its own obligation or debenture,
secured (in addition to the capital of the company) by an equal
amount of first lien farm loan mortgages, made under the per-
sonal supervision of Messrs. Pearson and Taft, for the company.
These bonds bear five per cent semi-annual interest, are in sums
of twenty-five, one hundred, five hundred and one thousand
dollars, and may be exchanged at any time for the first lien
mortgages securing them. These bonds are secured by transfer
to the Illinois Trust and Savings Bank as trustee. Mr. Oren
B. Taft is president, and Mr. H. A. Pearsons treasurer.
.
FARMERS' TRUST COMPANY.-The system of loaning money on
farm or other property is an old one, and if the money so loaned
is properly secured, that is, if the parties investigating the char-
acter of the land, location, etc., exercise the proper care, the loans
thus made are surely gilt-edge securities. This company issue
saving bonds in series of one hundred thousand dollars each, in
ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
181
denominations of five thousand, one thousand, five hundred, one
hundred, fifty, twenty-five, ten, five and one dollar, payable in
five years, the coupons being payable semi-annually, at either of
their offices, Chicago, Philadelphia or New York. These savings
bonds are issued in series of one hundred thousand dollars each,
and are secured by mortgages of equal amount upon farms worth
not less than two and a half times the sum loaned thereon, which
mortgages are held in trust by the Merchants' Loan and Trust
Company of Chicago, as trustee, to secure the payment of the
bonds. The bonds are negotiable just as are government bonds,
are convertible into mortgages at the option of the holder, and
the mortgages covering any series of bonds are subject to inspec-
tion by any holder of bonds of that series. This class of savings
avoids the possibility of loss. Savings banks may fail but these
securities are unquestionable. The officers of the company are,
R. Sayer, president, G. B. Shaw, treasurer, E. L. Lobdell,
secretary, Wm. J. Haerther, cashier, John P. Wilson, general
solicitor, T. H. Stevens, general manager, Henry S. Dotterer,
general eastern manager. Directory, G. B. Shaw, C. H. Fargo,
A. Clement, F. C. Jocelyn, T. H. Stevens, Geo. Weare, J. L.
Lombard, R. Sayer and E. L. Lobdell. Chicago office, 111
Dearborn street.
182
COMMERCIAL AND
EQUITAB
LEONTAULE
DERCOOK-CO.CHL
Insurance.
KZQUITANIE DIECAS
Equitable Building, 108 and 110 Dearborn St.
HERE is hardly
THERE
an insurance com-
pany in the world, at
least of any standing,
but that has represen-
tation in Chicago. The
cut here shown is of the
building known as the
"Equitable," and is
occupied by the EQUI-
TABLE LIFE COMPANY.
The building belongs
to Mr. M. Wineman,
who is a large owner of
timber land and Chi-
cago real estate. He is
also engaged in dry-
goods commission at
232 Fifth avenue.
THE NEW YORK
LIFE INSURANCE COM-
PANY being forced to

relinquish its old offices on Dearborn street, for want of more
room and more suitable quarters to accommodate its immense
business, has secured the choice apartments of the second floor
of the "Rookery," corner of LaSalle and Adams streets, in
which the Chicago branch of this old standard company will be
found. Messrs. Vanuxem, Haynes, Sandberg & Co. are the
general agents for Illinois, Pennsylvania, Ohio and Delaware,
Mr. E. P. Burlingham, manager, for Illinois; E. Le C. Slocum
and J. B. Waller, Jr., are the resident partners.
ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
183
THE ETNA LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY, of Hartford,
Conn., is among the oldest companies in this country. Its
standing in the financial and commercial world is at the top of
the ladder. The offices of the company in Chicago are at 91
Dearborn street, and Mr. Ira J. Mason is the manager.

Baybux & Rest
Archite
#
Rookery," LaSalle and Adams Streets.
184
COMMERCIAL AND
IF
Commercial.
*
F it were possible to suppose that there was a business center
or a representative business man in the world of trade that
was not informed to some extent at least as to the commer-
cial interests of Chicago, then it would be proper, perhaps, in
this work, to give lengthy reviews of the different lines of trade
that have made the city known throughout that world; but as
the business men of Chicago are not given to hiding their light
under a bushel, only brief notes will be made of the most im-
portant.
THE LIVE STOCK interest is one of great magnitude. There
was received at the great UNION STOCK YARDS last year (1886)
nearly ten million head of live stock, mostly for food purposes.
Of these, almost the entire hog supply was slaughtered here by
the packing-houses. Some few swine are shipped from here to
other near points for slaughter; the number is small, however.
The gigantic transactions going on at the Stock Yards can be
best understood by giving the figures:
TOTAL RECEIPTS OF STOCK SINCE 1881.
YEAR.
CATTLE.
CALVES,
HOGS.
SHEEP.
HORSES.
1881
1,498,550
48,948
6,474,844
493,624
12,909
1882 1,582,530
24,965
5,817,504
-628,887
13,856
1883 1,878,944
30,223
5,640,625
749,917
15,255
1884
1,817,697
52,353
5,351,967
801,630
18,602
1885 1,905,518
58,500
6,937,535
1,003,598
19,356
1886 1,963,900
51,290
6,718,761
1,008,790
27,599
*1887 1,483,951
39,934
3,187,119
810,141
32,781
When it is said that the company owning the Stock Yards use
three hundred and sixty acres of land, forty miles of railroad
tracks and fifty miles of track switches, it is easy to understand
* The showing for 1887 is only up to 1st of September.
ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
185
the capacity of the yards. For the accommodation of the tre-
mendous business, there is included in the plant the TRANSIT
HOUSE, a hotel equal in its appointments to the high-priced ones
down town. An exchange building, 60x360 in the center of the
yards, contains the bank, large board-of-trade room, offices of the
management, telegraph office, postoffice, restaurant, barber shop
and bath rooms, saloon, packers' offices, offices of eastern shippers,
and offices of the leading commission firms.
PORK PACKING.-The first regular packers here were the
Felt Bros. in the fifties, but it was not until the great Stock
Yards were built in 1866, that the interest assumed gigantic pro-
portions. In that year the total number of hogs received was
only 961,746. The capacity of the packing-houses is about sixty
thousand hogs per day, and nearly all the score or more of
large firms engaged in packing run their houses all the year
round.
The table below shows the number of hogs packed during the
past few years.
PACKING SEASON.
NO.
AV. NET WEIGHT. AV. LARD YIELD.
1881-82
1882-83
5,012,392 ...
4,158,948
202.32
35.51
203.44
33.62
1883-84
►
•
3,856,658
199.81
36.59
•
1884-85
4,180,736
230.98
37.98
1885-86
1886-87
3,998,252
4,425,941
228.00
37.12
226.00
36.84
The season following 1881-2 was directly after the action of
foreign powers placing an embargo on American pork.
CATTLE PACKING.-The dressed beef business of Chicago is
one of the main features of the cattle trade. The dressed beef
of Chicago when first it began to take hold of the New York
markets, startled the local stock men, but when they and the
consumer saw that the refrigerator beef was not only better than
that shipped alive, but that it came to them in better shape, it
did not take long until the business grew into proportions even
greater than the original projectors anticipated. For some time
after the introduction of the dressed beef business, nothing but
186
COMMERCIAL AND
beef was handled; now, however, both pork and sheep (dressed)
are, like beef, shipped to all the Middle and Eastern States.
Canned meats are also shipped from the packing-houses here
in large quantities, the British government and that of France
using great quantities.
The following table shows the number of cattle packed, also
hogs, for the past ten years: .
SEASON.
1877-8.
1878-9.
•
NO. OF CATTLE PACKED.
310,456...
NO. OF HOGS PACKED.
.4,009,311
1879-80...
1880-1...
1881-2....
1882-3.
1883-4.
1884-5.
1885-6.
1886-7...
•
391,500..
486,537..
511,711...
575,924.
697,033.
•
•
1,182,905.
•
1,319,115.
1,402,613..
.4,960,956
.4,680,627
.5,752,191
.5,012,392
•
•
.4,158,948
.3,856,658
.4,180,736
.3,998,252
.4,425,941
.1,608,202..
LUMBER.
State street bridge is upon the site of the first lumber yard
and dock that were established in Chicago (1834), and from the
improvements made by the lumbermen since, both branches of
the river have received their greatest benefit. The lumber trade
of the town had grown to such proportions in 1869 that a sep-
arate board of trade was formed and incorporated by the legis-
lature as the "Lumbermen's Exchange of Chicago," which is at
254 South Water street. The capital engaged in the lumber
traffic here is about sixty-five millions of dollars, and the total
transactions in lumber for the past year will reach $45,000,000.
GRAIN.
Chicago continues to hold the commanding place as the
grain center, though other points are claiming and getting a
very large share of the cereal supply. The Chicago Grain Re-
ceivers' Association has for its object the mutual protection of
its members, and the correction of such errors and abuses as
may arise in the course of trade, including a supervision of
:
ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
187

Marshall Field & Co., Adams, Quincy and Franklin streets and Fifth avenue.
EEEE
?
FREE FIRSHUS
FN 3,3 AUSS
188
COMMERCIAL AND
rules for grading, warehousing or handling by the different
transportation lines. There are twenty-eight elevators, whose
total storing capacity is 28,100,000 bushels.
GROCERIES (WHOLESALE).
The most reliable estimates place the capital invested in the
wholesale grocery line at $11,000,000, and the annual sales at
some $62,000,000. The field covered by the traveling men in
this line might be said to take in all the country southeast,
southwest, northwest and west, to the remotest towns and ham-
lets, and with such large stocks as are carried and a sharp and
active competition between the houses, prices always rule to the
advantage of the buyer.
DRY GOODS.
The immense establishments in this line employ some $25,-
000,000 of capital and their gross sales reach fully eighty mill-
ions of dollars. In this line also very large stocks are in store.
CARPETS, RUGS, OILCLOTHS, ETC.
Most of the wholesale dry goods houses carry carpet stocks,
but there are a number of exclusive carpet houses in which the
products of the world are to be had.
CLOTHING.
The capital used by this line both in jobbing and manufact-
uring (and this city has grown to be a leading manufacturing
center for all kinds of clothing) is about $10,000,000, which
produces sales amounting to $26,000,000. Thirty thousand
hands find employment through this trade.
BOOTS AND SHOES.
Some of the larger houses in this line are both manufacturers
and jobbers. Those combining the two use a capital of some
$5,500,000, and their sales will reach at least $22,000,000. Those
manufacturing only have a capital of half a million and their
ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
189
sales will reach $2,500,000. The exclusive jobbing houses em-
ploy $350,000 and have annual sales of $1,500,000.
HATS AND CAPS.
In this line the large houses here employ $2,000,000 of cap-
ital and sell goods from Toledo on the east to San Francisco on
the west. There is used by the firms engaged in the line as

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ומחה
SWEET DEMPSTER&CO.
H
SWEET DEMPSTER & GO. HATS CAPS &FURS.
SOCHILD
Sweet Dempster & Co., Corner Monroe and Franklin Streets.
wholesalers only (of course only the figures in wholesale trades
are alluded to in this work), a capital of $2,000,000, and the
yearly sales will reach $8,500,000.
DRUGS AND CHEMICALS.
The wholesale houses in this line are eight in number and
their sales will aggregate $7,000,000. Idaho, Montana, Oregon,
Mexico and the western country lying nearer home, are all visited
by this pushing trade.
190
COMMERCIAL AND
MILLINERY.
They
The exclusive houses in this line are three in number.
employ a capital of some $2,000,000, which produces a trade
annually of $7,000,000.
GENTS' FURNISHING GOODS.—In this line about $600,000 are
employed, with sales reaching $1,750,000.
HARDWARE.—About $2,000,000 capital is employed and a
very large business done.
HEAVY HARDWARE requires about $3,000,000 capital and,
through its various departments, includes goods that are used in
all parts of the great West, South and Southwest. This line has
added materially to the building up of the wholesale trade of
Chicago.
IRON.-Under this head there are so many departments that
it is only necessary to say that from the production of the pig-
bar to the completion of the most finished piece. of mechanical
skill where iron is employed or represented, the works of Chicago
are fully and thoroughly equipped.
A glance at the following statistics will convey an idea of
Chicago's iron industries:

Class.
No. Capital
Employed
Hands. Product.
40 2,825,000 3,950 8,750,000
Foundries..
Machinery.
Rolling-mills...
·
Car-wheel works.
Boiler works...
Stove manufactories.
Galvanized iron roofing
Wire works…….
Fence wire…….
Ranges-furnaces
Others...
•
60
2,100,000 3,000 6,800,000
6
11,450,000
7,950 12,200,000
4
1,100,000
1,470
4,700,000
20
600,000
650
1,500,000
11
1,400,000
1,000
2,500,000
30
350,000
700
1,500,000
18
220,000
350
400,000
4
250,000
300
1,900,000
10
200,000
150
390,000
35
2,500,000
2,300
6,500,000
There are many factories here in which iron is used in com-
bination with other metals, such as smithing and refining works,
iron and brass works, and these, with such metal works as brass
and copper works, plumbers' supplies works, telegraph and
ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
191
electrical supplies works, tin works, stamped and sheet metal
ware works, and those for optical supplies, jewelry manu-
factures, including watchmakers' tools, watch cases, etc., that
employ a capital of some $4,200,000, employ 5,249 hands, and
the 110 concerns engaged in the above lines turn out a total
product of $16,205,000.
The manufactories in which iron and wood go to make up
the product are very large in Chicago and vicinity, but in the
exhibit below only those of the city proper will be given. There
are eighty-one concerns, which use a capital of $11,000,000, pro-
ducing $30,000,000 worth of such goods as agricultural imple-
ments, elevators, wagons, carriages, sleighs, etc., bridge-building
material and sewing-machines. They employ eleven thousand
hands, that receive annually in wages about $7,000,000.
STOVES.- The number of stoves that is manufactured in
Chicago is very small when compared to the number sold here.
This is the largest jobbing center for stoves (of all the different
manufacturers) in the whole country, and most of the stoves
that are sold by the houses here are shipped direct from the
stove foundries, thereby saving extra freight.
TOBACCO.- While there is very little tobacco manufactured
here, there is not a market in the country that distributes so
much. All the leading manufacturers of the country have
branch houses here. The jobbing trade will reach $15,000,000.
CIGARS. In these goods Chicago is a very large producer,
some of her factories employing a thousand hands and the prod-
ucts of the factories have gained a high reputation wherever
used.
FURNITURE, CHAIRS, ETC.-This is also a great market in
this line. There are many factories producing all kinds of fur-
niture, from the common grades to the most elaborate.
In the manufactories of pianos and organs, furniture, billiard
tables, picture frames, moldings and looking-glasses, cooperage,
sash, doors and blinds, and a host of others employing wood,
the total number is 388, using $10,000,000 capital, employing
18,500 hands and producing $32,000;000 worth of their goods.
192
COMMERCIAL AND
Such concerns as white lead and paint manufactories, linseed
and oil cake works, varnish works, soaps and candles, glue and
axle grease, chemical works, soda and mineral water manufact-
urers, use a capital of $7,000,000, employ three thousand hands,
producing $16,500,000 worth of goods. In the line of building
material, such as brickmakers, cut-stone yards, marble and
granite works, terra-cotta works, stained-glass works, gravel-
roofing works and limekilns, there are 161 concerns, with a
capital of $2,850,000, giving work to 6,100 hands, which produce
$10,000,000 worth of this class of material.
The list of articles last enumerated above is considered very
dry material. In the following exhibit will be found some goods
that suggest the reverse. There are of the breweries, distilleries,
rectifiers, malthouses, tobacco and snuff concerns, cigar and
cigarette manufactories, 574, using a capital of $9,000,000,
employing 4,700 hands and producing $25,500,000 worth of
these goods.
Chicago is not a large flour-producing city; there are only a
few small mills here, whose product is consumed locally. Of the
flour-mills, meal and feed-mills, principal bakeries, baking-
powder and flavoring extract factories, confectioneries, vinegar
and pickle works, preserves and canned goods works, coffee and
spice mills, and one sugar refinery, there is produced $22,100,000
of the different goods, by 4,100 hands, requiring a capital of
$4,600,000.
There are engaged in the printing, binding, lithographing,
newspaper, photo-engraving, electrotyping and stereotyping,
type making, etc., some 260 concerns, that use $3,950,000 capital
and turn out $11,600,000 in work, through the employment of
about 4,000 hands.
There are among the manufacturing interests of the city
many workshops that singly do not foot up a large aggregate of
business, but when taken as a whole the figures run into the
millions fast. In men's and boys' clothing, in shirts, overalls
and such goods, men's neckwear, furs, cloaks, lace goods, mil-
linery, cotton goods and corsets, there are some 140 manufac-
+
ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
193
tories, which use a capital of $11,000,000, giving employment to
22,000 hands, and turn out a yearly product of $29,000,000.
Of the factories that make toys, brushes, brooms, showcases,
paper boxes, sails, awnings, corks, glass, feather dusters and of
boat-builders, there are eighty, using $2,000,000 capital, which
produce $5,200,000 and gives employment to 2,700 hands.
In the tanneries, saddle and harness factories, trunk and
satchel factories, belting and hose factories, there are eighty-
five concerns engaged; they employ 6,500 hands, require a capi-
tal of $7,800,000, and turn out a product footing up $16,700,000.
The wholesale trade of Chicago in the various lines enu-
merated below is in a healthy condition, and is increasing as
fast as sound business judgment warrants.
LINE.
Books.
•
Carriages.
Coal..
Crockery, etc.
Coal Oil..
TOTAL SALES. LINE.
12,500,000 Liquors...
TOTAL SALES.
•
10,800,000
2,000,000 Musical Merchandise.... 1,400,000
2,000,000
2,300,000
21,000,000
5,000,000
2,500,000
3,950,000
15,000,000
23,000,000 Organs.
5,000,000 Oysters..
6,000,000 Paper..
Furs...
1,800,000 Paper Stock.
• •
Fish (dried)...
2,100,000 Pianos..
Fish (freshwater)..
600,000 Pig Lead...
Fruits.
•
3,000,000
Pig Iron..
Jewelry and Watches.... 13,500,000
Leather Goods...
2,550,000
Wooden and Willowware 2,500,000
Wall Paper....
1,275,000
13
194
COMMERCIAL AND
EXCHANGES.
THE BOARD OF TRADE was organized in 1848, incorporated
in 1850, and under special act again in 1859. It is a hand-
some structure, as will be seen from the cut. It fronts 174 feet

Board of Trade.
on Jackson street, and stands
in the immediate front of Là-
Salle street. Its depth is 225
feet, with Pacific avenue on the
east and Sherman street on
the west. Its total height is
304 feet.
THE PRODUCE EXCHANGE
was incorporated in 1874, and is
located in the heart of the egg,
butter, vegetable, fruit and
produce section, Clark and
Lake streets.
THE OPEN BOARD OF TRADE
was incorporated in 1880, and
is similar to the other board,
except that the limit is smaller
and that the floor is open to the public. It is on Pacific avenue,
opposite the other board.
THE CHICAGO REAL ESTATE BOARD holds its call sessions
daily at 163 LaSalle street.
THE CHICAGO STOCK EXCHANGE is located 126 Washington
street, and includes the leading bankers of the city.
THE BUILDERS AND TRADERS' EXCHANGE occupies rooms at
159 LaSalle street, and was incorporated in 1884.
THE CHICAGO DRUG, PAINT AND OIL EXCHANGE is at 51
Wabash avenue, and was organized in 1877.
THE COMMERCIAL EXCHANGE is limited to the wholesale
grocers and kindred lines resident of Chicago. It is located at
Randolph and Dearborn streets, and was incorporated in 1882.
Other exchanges are:
ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
195
THE COAL EXCHANGE.-The secretary is at 110 Dearborn
street. Chicago Stock Exchange, 10 Chamber of Commerce;
"Calls" 10:30 A.M., 2:30 P.M. on stocks and bonds, and the
Pork Packers' Association of Chicago.
Following in this chapter will be found brief mention of a
few representative commercial houses. In the next edition of
this work other business concerns will be noticed.
FROM 1837 TO 1887.
OPEN BOARD♂ TRADE.
There are very few people in Chicago who are familiar with
the figures which show the growth of the city in population for
the past fifty years —even
those old residents who
have lived here during
the entire time and who
have seen them in print
after each census was
taken. They know the
town has grown from a
village to a city in their
time, but what was the
number of inhabitants in
such and such a year very
few remember. As mat-
ters of record the figures
are interesting, showing
as they do what a tremen-
dous "oak from a small acorn grew." The figures following
are the exact returns as they were made at the time of the dates
set opposite them, and the center column shows whether the
census was made by city, State or government authority:

Open Board of Trade.
Date.
July, 1837.
July, 1840..
BY &
City..
United States.
•
July, 1843...
July, 1845...
City..
State.
·
September, 1846.. .
City.
►
Population.
·
4,170
4,479
7,580
12,083
14,169
196
COMMERCIAL AND
Date.
October, 1847.
September, 1848.
August, 1849...
August, 1850..
December, 1853..
June, 1855...
August, 1856.
August, 1860.
•
By.
Population.
City..
16,859
•
City.
20,023
City.
23,047
•
United States.
•
29,963
City...
59,130
State.
•
80,000
City...
84,113
United States..
109,206
October, 1862..
City
138,186
October, 1864.
•
October, 1865..
October, 1866.
October, 1868.
•
August, 1870....
City.
State.
City..
City...
•
•
United States.
169,353
178,492
200,418
252,054
306,605
October, 1872..
處
​•
•
City
October, 1874……
City
June, 1880.
United States.
City..
Estimate.
367,396
•
•
395,408
503,185
750,000
800,000
June, 1886.
June, 1887..
The amount of capital used, the total amount of the product
and the number of hands employed in the different lines of bus-
iness mentioned, do not agree with the figures of some of
those published in many of the various reviews, etc., that are
spread broadcast throughout Chicago, but they have been
obtained directly from the several interests, and are therefore
as near correct as it is possible to give them.
BARRETT & BARRETT, 260 and 262 Kinzie street. This firm
is known throughout all the land as the producers of the famous
York State cider and vinegar. The business was established in
1846 and came into the hands of Messrs. Barrett & Barrett in
1866. Their manufactory is located at Holley, N. Y., in the
very center of the greatest apple-growing region of the world,
and as they use only the choicest fruit, the product is therefore
strictly pure. Besides their York State clarified cider and pure
apple vinegar, they handle other bottled goods, and their trade-
mark on a package is a reliable guarantee of excellence.
ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
197
THE CIDER CURE.
Its devotees pronounce it an infallible remedy for rheuma-
tism. The blue-glass cure and the boiling water remedy for
dyspepsia have been succeeded by the cider cure for gout, and
it has received the sanction of some of the best physicians in
Europe and America. The new cure has already many adher-
ents, and a beautiful resort is about to be opened in Devonshire,
one of the loveliest counties in England, where the treatment can
be carried on under the most advantageous circumstances, as is
the case with the celebrated grape-cure establishments on the

BARRETT & BARRETT
HOLLEY NY..
TT
GACENA
BARRETT & BARRETT
Works, Holley, N. Y.
Barrett & Barrett.
Chicago House, 260 Kinzie Street.
Rhine and Moselle. A correspondent in the London Times
claims that he has been cured of rheumatism of long standing
by the use of crab-cider, and it would be well to try the experi-
ment. Order crab-apple cider made by Barrett & Barrett in the
midst of the apple orchards of the picturesque sights of Holley,
N. Y. By using this cider, invalids can pursue their routine of
treatment at their homes to the best advantage.
The house of BUTLER BROTHERS, world-famed as the origi-
nators of the cheap-counter system, and as jobbers of "Depart-
ment Store" supplies, is another of the examples of the possibil-
ities of Chicago as a vast distributing point. This house was
198
COMMERCIAL AND
founded in Boston a little more than ten years ago, and has, in a
single decade, climbed from very small beginnings to one of the
largest representative houses in both New York and Chicago-
by all odds the largest house of its kind in the world. The New

SUTLER
BROS.
UTLER BROS
BARCAIN
HOUSE
SADLERY JEWELRY CUTLERY FANCY GODDS
DRY GOODS STATIONERY BOOKS WOODENWARE
TINWARE HARDWARE NOTIONS ETC
DEPARTMENT STORE SUPPLIES
THE ONLY HOUSE OF ITS KIND IN THE WORLDİ
199 BUTLER BROTHERS 197
י ייוי!
Scene on Adams Street Showing Butler Bros.' Department Store Supply House.
York business is managed by Mr. Charles H. Butler, while the
Chicago end is in the hands of Mr. Edward B. Butler. One of
the most extraordinary features, with reference to the success
of this house, is the fact that their entire business is done with-
ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
199
!
out the aid of a traveling man, their mammoth trade being
solicited wholly through their very original get-up in the shape
of a catalogue price-list, called by them "Our Drummer," which
is sent to merchants in all parts of America free of charge.
This firm occupies two large buildings-from cellar to roof-
in each city for the store and sale of their goods, where more
than 450 men are employed.
MR. SAMUEL BLISS. The illustration here shown represents
the Chicago house of one of the largest syrup handlers in the
country. Mr. Bliss established a house here in 1852, and up
1280
SAMUEL
BLISS
I DO C C D C C
284
CHICAGO KANSAS CITY ST. PAUL.
SYRUPS, MOLASSES, MAPLE SUGAR
( O D C D !
! !
THE HOME PRESERVING COMPANY'S
!! C D D D D D C
NEW ORLEANS
ROYAL MAPLE SYRUP
SAMUEL BUSS
Samuel Bliss Syrup House.
OFFICE
280-2841
MICHIGAN ST
to and after the fire of
1871, was a representa-
tive wholesale grocer.
In 1878 he began the
exclusive handling of
syrups, jellies, preserves,
etc., at 239 to 241 Mich-
igan street, and in 1887
he removed to the pres-
ent extensive quarters.
In 1881 he established a
branch house in Kansas
City, and in 1883 anoth-
er branch house in Du-
buque, Iowa, which lat-
ter house was changed
to St. Paul in 1885.
The Chicago house man-

ufactures jellies, preserves, applebutter and mincemeat for the
trade and also for the other two houses. He has rented the
grape sugar houses in Rockford, Ill. (with option of purchase
at the end of two years), in which to manufacture glucose and
syrups. This is a very large factory, 200x100 feet, six floors,
with coal and bone black extensions, and with a capacity of
three hundred barrels per day. Although the present house
has always done a very large business, the trade is rapidly
200
COMMERCIAL AND
increasing and reaches from Oregon on the west to Boston on
the east.
GEO. B. CARPENTER & Co., Fifth avenue and South Water

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CHICAGO
Geo. B. Carpenter & Co., 208 S. Water Street.
street, is by succession
the oldest and best-known
ship-chandlery house in the
West. In 1840 Geo. A. Robb
established the business, ad-
mitting Mr. Payson in 1845.
In 1850 Mr. Payson retired
and Gilbert Hubbard came in.
In 1857 Mr. Robb died, and
the firm was continued as
Gilbert Hubbard & Co. In
May, 1881, Mr. Hubbard
died, and on January 1, 1882,
the business, which had grown to immense proportions, became
the property of its present owners, Messrs. Geo. B. Carpenter
& Co.

This business com-
prises heavy hard-
ware, wire and ma-
nilla rope, supplies
for flour-mills, saw-
mills, rolling-mills,
railway and mining
companies, besides the
manufacture of sails,
tents, awnings, water-
proof canvas, tar-
paulins, etc., etc. It
being the represent-
ative house and the
best known, illustra-
14&16 MARKET ST.
CHICAGO ENC
GILBERT HUBBARD&Co.
Gilbert Hubbard & Co., 14 and 16 Market Street.
tions of its present quarters, and just after the great fire of
1871, are presented.
ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
201
COFFIN, DEVOE & Co.- Since the West has become the great
manufacturing field for railway coaches, carriages, buggies and
other vehicles, and the western people have developed to a high
state a taste for and perfection in works of art, the demand for
the higher grades of paints, varnishes, colors and artists' materials
has rapidly increased. The above firm — the leading one in the
West-are both importers and manufacturers of the goods above
enumerated, besides white lead and brushes. They occupy the
large building shown in the cut, located at 176 Randolph street,
and which con-
tains a mammoth

COFFIN DEVOE&CECHIC
EWDEVOE&CONEW
COLORS
PAINTS AND VARNISHES
"ARTISTS MATERIALS
COFFIN, DEVOE & Co.
Coffin, Devoe & Co., 176 Randolph Street.
stock of everything
in their line. A
brief sketch of the
parent house and
the one here will
not be out of place.
F. W. Devoe &
Co., the style of
the present house
in New York, was
established in
1853, and their
works are acknowl-
edged to be the
largest in the world
in their line.
Coffin, Devoe &
Co., the style of
the firm here, was
established in
1883, and is com-
posed of the fol-
lowing gentlemen: Frederick W. Devoe, president; Gorham
B. Coffin, vice-president, and J. Seymour Currey, secretary
and treasurer. The members of the firm are practical men in
202
COMMERCIAL AND
32
their line; Mr. Devoe was formerly of the firm of Raynolds,
Devoe & Pratt, one of the oldest paint houses in New York.
Chemically pure dry colors, coach and car colors, prepared
paints, varnishes, brushes, tube colors and artists' materials are
specialties of their own manufacture, and these goods are pre-
pared with great care under the immediate direction of Mr.
James F. Drummond, one of the firm of F. W. Devoe & Co.,

Marshall Field & Co., Retail House, State and Washington Streets.
who has had charge of the department of manufacture for the
past thirty years. Interested parties, when visiting the city, will
find it to their advantage to look in on Messrs. Coffin, Devoe &
Co. at their attractive store.
MARSHALL FIELD & Co.-The accompanying cut gives a
very fair idea of Marshall Field & Co.'s retail house, corner of
State and Washington streets. It is so well known that any
lengthy description is unnecessary, but a short cataloguing of
its several floors may act as a guide to those who are not thor-
ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
203
oughly familiar with its departments. The first floor is devoted
to dry goods proper, notions, men's furnishing goods, laces,
linens, silks, dress goods, hosiery, etc. The second floor is
divided into departments showing cloaks, suits, shawls, black
goods, cloths, muslin underwear. The entire third floor forms
one of the most attractive carpet and rug departments in the
world, and its sales rank among the first. The fourth floor
shows upholstery goods and furs, and offers as great interest to
the visitor as any in the house. The whole of the fifth floor is
given to dressmaking and the sixth to the making of carpets, etc.
The basement contains, besides the shipping room, engine
room, mail order department, etc., a very large salesroom, which is
made up of departments duplicating those on the other floors, but
in less expensive grades. The basement is very popular as a great
bargain headquarters, and the same absolute dependence on all
merchandise sold maintains in this room as in other parts of the
house. The grades of merchandise sold in the main departments
of this house include the very finest manufactured, and this
fact, together with its enormous stock, have made it "buyers'
headquarters" for the entire West.
H. C. STAVER IMPLEMENT COMPANY.- This great concern
was established in 1883, by H. C. Staver & Co., and incorporated
September, 1884, under its present title. As will be seen from
the cut, they occupy a very large building, which is located at the
west end of Lake street bridge. They do an exclusive jobbing
trade and among the goods carried and manufactured by them
are Buckeye feed mills, feed and ensilage cutters, and Pioneer cob
and cornmills, corn shellers, woodsaws, seeders, etc. They are
the Chicago branch of the Emerson-Fisher Company, Cincin-
nati, Ohio, and of the Columbus Buggy Company, of Columbus,
Ohio. The vehicles of this latter company, which include fine
buggies and carriages, have a world-wide reputation. The officers
of the company are H. C. Staver, president; W. H. Swathout,
vice-president, and F. H. McAdow, secretary and treasurer.
These gentlemen with Messrs. Lowe, Emerson and Mr. Breed, of
Cincinnati, constitute the board of directors.
204
COMMERCIAL AND

THE H. C. STAVER IMPLEMENT CO.
BUGGIES CARRIAGES, SLEIGHS & WAGONS
BUCKEYE FEED MILLS & FEED CUTTERS
HOUSE
BRANCH OF THE EMERSON & FISHER CO.
BRANCH
NOSE OF STANDARD HARNESS CO
BRANCH OF COLUMBUS BUGGY CO. BUGGIES THE H.C.STAVER IMPLEMENT COFEED MILLS
HOUSE
The H. C. Staver Implement Company, 15-19 W. Lake Street.
ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
205

OVES. FURNACES & RANGES
FULLER & WARREN COMPANY are
the recognized leaders among manufact-
urers of stoves and furnaces not only
in Chicago and the West, but in the
entire country. The works, which are
located at Troy, N. Y., were established
in 1831, and they have ever since manu-
factured a greater variety and a larger
annual production of first-class goods
than in any other establishment of a
kindred nature. The continuous and
increased demand for their stoves and
furnaces has made necessary the exten-
sion of their works to the present mam-
moth proportions, and also the estab-
lishment of large and commodious sam-
ple rooms and warehouses in different
parts of the country. The principal
distributing points are at Troy, Chi-
cago, Cleveland, New York and Boston. The Chicago house
occupies the five-story and basement building at 56 Lake street,
TULLEFÈWARREN COMPANY,
Fuller & Warren Company,
56 Lake Street.
for offices
and sales-
rooms, and
as a war e-
house the
large brick
building, 100
x200 feet,
five stories
in height, lo-
cated on the
north pier.

FULLER & WARMEN CO. STOVE WAREHOUSE
คาบ
10010
11011
The stock
carried em-
Warehouse Fuller & Warren Company.
braces a complete assortment of the various styles of stoves,
206
COMMERCIAL AND

GARDEN CITY WAREHOUSE
GARDEN CITY WAREHOUSE
A
CHICAGO-ENR-
Warehouse Building.
GARDEN CITY WAREHOUSE
ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
207
ranges and furnaces manufactured, including everything in this
line that is demanded by western trade.
THE GARDEN CITY WAREHOUSES, situated at Nos. 180, 182
and 184 Quincy street, and 239, 241 and 243 Jackson street, two
and a half blocks west of the Board of Trade, are in the whole-
sale quarter of the city and easily accessible from either freight-
houses or docks. They are patronized by the leading business
houses, and also by private parties, who find in the clean, dry and
well-ventilated apartments excellent accommodations for their
respective goods. Mr. Samuel M. Chase is the proprietor.
A short history of Gillett's Chemical Works will be perused
with interest. The articles manufactured are Gillett's Double
Flavoring Extracts, Gillett's Magic Yeast Cakes, Gillett's Cream
Tartar Baking Powder, etc., etc. They were established in 1852
in a very small way. Eastern competition for many years was
so sharp that it seemed impossible to make any headway; but
after a few years, as Mr. Gillett and his goods became known, the
superiority of his goods began to be appreciated, and trade to
grow; he continued to increase and extend his trade, until now
it reaches from New York to California. The proprietor, Mr.
E. W. Gillett, informs us that he now has nearly 3,000 custom-
ers on his books, most of them wholesale grocers, and that his
largest trade is in New York State. About a year ago he erect-
ed his elegant large stone-front factory, and takes pride in show-
ing his friends and customers through portions of the same;
every department is equipped with special machinery, peculiarly
adapted to its work, and nearly all of it invented and controlled
by Mr. Gillett, he being the owner of several valuable patents.
It is really wonderful to see the working of his labor-saving
devices in his Chicago factory where he employs about three
hundred hands. Mr. Gillett takes pride in putting up his goods
in very neat and attractive styles and having everything about
him as fine and nice as can be. His office he may justly be proud
of, as it is one of the finest commercial offices in Chicago. For-
merly the number of articles manufactured by this house was
much greater than at present, but the amount of business was
1
208
COMMERCIAL AND
never so large as now. More recently the aim has been to reduce
the line to a small number of staple articles, indispensable in
every household, and to depend upon the actual merits of the
goods, together with certain original methods of keeping them
permanently before the trade for a large and constantly increas-
ing sale. The line is now so thoroughly introduced that the
house deals almost exclusively with the jobbing trade. For some
years Gillett's Cream Tartar Baking Powder, Yeast Cakes,
Washing Crystal, etc., have had an extensive sale in Canada, but
in 1885, owing to the prohibitive duty imposed by the Dominion
government, Mr. Gillett established a branch factory and office
in Canada, located in the commodious premises situated at 32
and 34 W. Front street, Toronto, Ont., which he has fitted up
with his necessary machinery and apparatus, and there the above
named goods are manufactured and have a rapidly increasing
sale. The history of Gillett's Chemical Works is part of the
history of Chicago. From small beginnings in 1852 when
Chicago had not yet become a great city-the industry has
grown with the growth of the city to its present dimensions.
Struggling against difficulties and sharing in the reverses that
have overtaken the city, the Chicago spirit of tireless energy
and indomitable perseverance has made it what it is. Whole-
sale grocers visiting Chicago should not fail to visit Gillett's
Chemical Works, where they will be sure of a cordial welcome
from the amiable proprietor.
GRAY, KINGMAN & COLLINS. When Chicago was a village
compared to its present population, Mr. Franklin D. Gray estab-
lished what is to-day-through continuous succession-the old-
est wholesale grocery house in this city, and it is one of the
representative houses in the trade. The building they occupy,
fronting 72 feet on Randolph street, running through to a
depth of 175 feet, is one of the palatial mercantile structures
of Chicago.
The wholesale grocery business done here covers a vast terri-
tory, this house alone employing fifty traveling salesmen who go
east to Ohio, and as far afield through all the Northwest as

EN GILLETT
E. W. GILLETT'S STORE AND FACTORY,
UNI
OF
ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
209
1
Such an
Oregon, and through all the Southwest as Texas.
extent of country as this in which they sell goods, and the
requirements of the different sections, will convey to the think-
ing mind what enormous stocks such a large house carries. As

Billy
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& COLLINS
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GRAY
KINGMAN
AND
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​180 188
188
| GRAY. KINGMAN 8 COLLINS
Gray, Kingman & Collins, 45, 47, 49 Randolph Street.
the house is one that stands high in the commercial history of
Chicago, the liberty of mentioning the individual members is
indulged: they are Mr. Moses W. Gray, Mr. Chas. H. Kingman,
Mr. William A. Collins and Mr. Franklin D. Gray, special.
14
210
COMMERCIAL AND
THE ILLINOIS STREET GAS Co., 195 and 197 Michigan street.
ILLINOIS STREET GAS CO.
ENSCENELEGE
STREET LAMPS.
CONTRACTORS FOR LIGHTING CITIES.
& GAS- SPECIALTIES.
Illinois Street Gas Co., 195 and 197 Michigan Street.
This manufacturing con-
cern is developing many
useful inventions. They
are contractors for light-
ing cities, make street
lamps of every kind for
gas, gasoline and kero-
sene, iron and wood
posts, and all kinds of
street lamp supplies,
novelties and specialties
of all kinds for produc-
ing light and heat from
oil or gas, and all kinds
of brass work and met-
al shining and plating.
This list will convey to
the reader the extent of
such a manufactory. A
feature of their business
is to manufacture and cre-
ate a trade for special-

ties in their line, and if inventors of gas or vapor burners, oil
or gas stoves or lamps, or any such specialties will call on them,
they will aid such in perfecting and introducing the goods.
KNICKERBOCKER ICE COMPANY.-The accompanying illus-
tration, showing the manner of cutting, handling and storing
ice, will give a better idea of the immensity of the business in
Chicago than mere words.
The first ice business operated in this country, in fact in any
country, was begun in Boston in the early history of the United
States, when the merchant ships flying the stars and stripes
made voyages to all parts of the old world, including India, with
which country a large ice trade was maintained. In the olden
time the houses used for storing ice were built in a circle, with the
ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
211
greater portion under ground, the theory being that the frozen
water could only be kept for any length of time in that way.
Now, however, all the storage houses of the ice companies are
entirely above ground, and not only does the ice keep better but
the system is more adapted to its economic handling. The vast
quantities of ice that are cut in this country require immense
storage houses, some of which are capable of holding a hundred
thousand tons. The cut of the country is about as follows: The

CHICAGO-ENGRAVING-CD.
422101
ANAKA
Ice Cutting Scene for Knickerbocker Ice Company.
Maine district 2,000,000 tons, the Hudson River district 3,000,-
000 tons, the Chicago lake district 1,500,000 tons, and the bal-
ance of the country, 3,500,000 tons. The Knickerbocker Ice
Company cut and handle one-fourth of the entire Chicago dis-
trict, showing them to be the largest ice company in the West,
while through their successions they are the oldest ice company
in this city. The immense packing interests here require great
quantities of ice, and that is the prime reason that such a large
212
COMMERCIAL AND
1
wholesale ice business is done here. During the winter season,
the Knickerbocker Ice Company employ a thousand men, and in
the summer they have on their pay-roll four hundred. The ice
interest gives employment to a vast number of men during win-
ter that would otherwise be idle. The houses of the Knicker-
bocker Company, which are located at Wolf Lake, South Hol-
land, Pullman, McHenry, Ill., and Oconomowoc, Wis., are the
largest, most substantial and best equipped in the world, having
every possible convenience for handling, storing and shipping
ice expeditiously and economically. Wolf Lake, from which
their principal supply comes, is a beautiful sheet of water two
miles long by three miles wide; it has a sandy bottom, is

FRANKLIN MAC VEAGH & COFRANKLIN MAC VEAGH & CO
25
Franklin MacVeagh & Co., cor. Wabash Avenue and Lake Street.
entirely free from sewerage or other impurities, and is a popu-
lar resort for sportsmen, as in its depths is found the finest of
game fish, while on its surface (in season) are thousands of
feathered game. The Knickerbocker Ice Company is an incor-
porated company and the direct successor to Messrs. E. A.
Shedd & Co. Mr. E. A. Shedd is the president; Mr. J. S.
Field, vice-president, and Mr. C. B. Shedd, secretary and treas-
urer.
FRANKLIN MACVEAGH & Co., importers, manufacturers
and wholesale grocers, as will be seen from the accompanying
illustration of their premises, occupy an extensive block at the
corner of Wabash avenue and Lake street. The house is one
ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
213
of the most extensively known in the trade, and being a leading
commercial establishment of Chicago that has grown to its pres-
ent great strength by the soundest policy of business integrity,
deserves honorable recognition in a work giving a review of the
prominent features of this city's commerce, etc. Besides the
large block shown, they occupy as a manufacturing establish-
ment the corner buildings on the opposite side of Wabash
avenue fronting the main house.
W. M. HOYT COMPANY, wholesale grocers and manufacturers,
TEA COFFEERSPICES
W. M. HOYT COMPANY
በበበ በበበ
GROCERS.
W.M.HOYT COMPANY.
W. M. Hoyt Company.
occupy the large buildings
which stand at the junction
of River street, Rush street
and Michigan avenue, or,
in other words, on the site
of the historic Fort Dear-
born. The location is one
of the best possible commer-
cially, as it has streets on
three sides, the river just
in front, and railway facil-
ities within a stone's throw,
while the great lake steam-
ers' docks are right at hand.

This company is one of the five leading wholesale grocery con-
cerns of Chicago, and its business extends into all the territory
that belongs to or that is made the field of the Chicago drum-
mers' ramifications.
SENECA D. KIMBARK. - Among Chicago's solid commercial
establishments none takes higher rank than the great heavy
hardware house of Mr. Kimbark. Some thirty-five years ago
the house was established, then carrying only a regular iron
stock, but year by year, as the trade grew, the business assumed
a different phase, and such material as is classed now as heavy
hardware was added. A few of the many departments of a
heavy-hardware house comprise wagon-makers' stock-iron and
wood work, carriage builders' stock-hardware, wood material
.
214
COMMERCIAL AND
and trimmings, blacksmiths' and machinists' tools and machinery,
iron and steel, in bars, rods and plates. This house now man-
ufactures spokes, wagon wood-stock, fine bodies for vehicles,
buggies, spring wagons and gears in the white, ready to paint
and trim. The site of the building used for this heavy trade is
one of the best possible for such weighty goods. It fronts 132
feet on Michigan avenue, 132 feet on Central avenue, and runs
140 feet on Lake street, with a shipping frontage of over 400

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Seneca D. Kimbark, 74, 76, 78, 80, 82 and 84 Michigan Avenue.
feet, undisturbed by street traffic, railway or other obstruction.
The accompanying cut better illustrates these facilities and con-
veys to the reader a more correct idea of the magnitude of the
house than any lengthy article could. It is the history of every
city, that, as any one of the many wholesale lines reaches out
for and secures trade to itself, that trade directs customers
to the other lines; and further, as the country fills up, the
demand for all classes of goods increases; therefore, those houses.
that are well conducted grow and prosper in proportion. This
ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
215
is the case with the house of S. D. Kimbark.
The business has
always been conducted on the soundest basis of commercial
activity, hence its mammoth proportions to-day.
MANUFACTURED BUTTER.
This is another of the great industries of Chicago, and one
that has grown to such an extent that the world looks to Chi-
cago for its supply, and this great business has multiplied in the
face of opposition through blind prejudice that would have

MTW ROas. HENSHAW & CO.
ROOS HENSHAW & CO, ADİY
免費
​Roos, Henshaw & Co., 80 Illinois Street.
crushed a business whose product was without merit. But the
leading men engaged in the manufacture of butterine and oleo-
margarine knew its character, which is wholesome, pure and
absolutely free from any objectionable substance, and further,
that as the public became convinced of this, their prejudice
would disappear, and that this butter would become of every-day
household consumption.
ROOS, HENSHAW & Co., whose building is seen in the illustra-
tion, is one of the representative concerns which manufacture
butterine, etc., etc. The firm is well known here and abroad
216
COMMERCIAL AND
and is one that has by a careful and thorough study of the
properties of the materials used in their manufactory brought
the production of manufactured butter to a high state of excel-
lence.
ROOT & SONS' MUSIC COMPANY.- In musical merchandise
this house is the recognized headquarters. The music trade of
Chicago has grown to such enormous proportions, and covers
such an extensive field, that a house, to command proper respect

ANCE & ORGANSON MONTHLY PAYMENTS' IMPORTERS & JOBBERS OF MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS
THE ROOT & SONS MUSIC CO.THE ROOT & SONS MUSIC COMPANY'
BAND & ORCHESTRAL INSTRUMENTS 2001 SHEET MUSIC BOOKS & MUSICAL MERCHANDISE 208
FITTERSTA
WASA CHILIAN
Exposition Building.
Scene, Wabash Avenue and Adams Street.
Pullman Building.
Root & Sons' Music House.
in the trade, must carry a tremendous stock. Included in this
vast stock must be all of the fine makes of pianos and organs,
all of the celebrated makes of string instruments, banjos, guitars,
violins, etc., both foreign and home manufacture, band and
orchestral instruments, together with music books, sheet music,
in fact, all the various articles necessary to the full equipment
of a proficient or student of music. The trade of this house is
not alone in this city; it reaches out to the tributary country
and one does not have to be in Chicago to buy its goods; it
ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
217
issues a complete catalogue, fully setting before the intended pur-
chaser every kind and quality of musical merchandise, and an
order by mail receives the same care and attention that the pur-
chaser would if on the ground.
ojarolo po10107
E. H. SARGENT & Co.- The long-established house of E. H.
Sargent & Co., drug-
gists, occupies the large
store, 125 State street.
This firm has been in
continuous business in
this city for thirty-five
years, and has main-
tained a high reputa-
tion for the quality of
goods handled and for
integrity in all its deal-
ings. It is largely
engaged in the manu-
facture and sale of
surgical instruments,
chemical apparatus
and laboratory supplies
of all kinds. It has
the largest stock of
these goods to be found
west of New York,
which includes a full

E.H.SARCENT&CO
AM
E. H. Sargent & Co., 125 State Street.
variety of assayers' materials, chemicals and re-agents of the
highest grade. It is the largest importer of chemicals and
apparatus in the West. It is also special agent for some of
the best-known houses in Europe, thereby having facilities for
supplying these articles at low cost from first hands. Its
long experience and ample stock will insure satisfaction to all
customers.
SPRAGUE, WARNER & Co., wholesale grocers, importers, etc.,
are conceded to be the second largest house in their line in the
218
COMMERCIAL AND
United States, the other being located in the East. The rapid
growth of their business has necessitated annexing to their
already mammoth buildings a block equal in size to those occu-
pied by many other firms. In order to give the reader some
idea of the extent of Chicago's wholesale grocery trade, a few of
the features of the management of this house will be mentioned.
Their business is so large that in order to at all times meet its
demands they control the entire product of many manufactur-
ing, canning and preserving concerns. Their staple groceries

SPRAGUE
WARNER&CO.
DEARBORN BLOCK.
Fish.
FRUIT
&
HEESE
GROCERS
TOBACCO DEPT.
1711
1111 1111
THITH
SPRAGUE.WARNER?CO SPRAGUE MILLS. FANCY GROCERIES DEPT SPRAGUE.WARNER 8 CO
****
四
​Sprague, Warner & Co., 1 to 17 Randolph Street.
department, fancy groceries department, dried and salt fish
department, imported and domestic cigar department and their
manufactured tobacco department is each or any one of them a
large business by itself, but when taken as a whole, the dullest
comprehension should be able to realize the volume of such a
business.
When the star of empire took its way westward, it took a
good many things with it. It isn't very long ago that there
wasn't anything worth speaking of west of Buffalo. Some peo-
:
}
ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
219
PIPAPUAAIDIA
AAAAAAAA
The Michigan Stove Company
ple thought that there was nothing first-class west of Boston.
Some people think so still, but they all live in Boston,
and the rest of the coun-
try staggers right ahead
without their approval.
If you want to make a
Chicago man very fond
of you, run down every-
thing western and pile on
the praise for institutions
and enterprises "down
East." He will not get
mad; he will just sim-
ply pity you. Because,
you see, the average busi-
ness man in Chicago, or
any other western city,
knows that all that talk
about the superiority of
eastern goods and prod-
ucts, in many lines at
least, is rubbish
nonsense. Take stoves, for
not more than twelve or fifteen years ago, when the West thought
it had to get its stoves from the country along the Hudson.
Anything made west of Utica wouldn't melt ice, in the opinion
of the agents of these old-time establishments, and when it got
cold, all the big West was supposed to stretch its hands out
toward the East to get warm. By and by they began to make
stoves "out West." They got tired of paying freight on stoves
for a thousand miles when they could make them at home. At
first, of course, the East turned its back on western stoves; but
before many years it was seen that if the East was still keeping
its back to the stoves made in the West, it was very much as a
man keeps his back to a hot stove when he wants to get the
utmost warmth out of it-with legs comfortably planted and

and
Garland Block, Occupied by Michigan Stove Co.
instance.
There was a time,
220
COMMERCIAL AND
coat-tails pulled apart; so it is with the eastern trade and west-
ern manufacturers to-day. When a good article goes from the
West-and that's the sort the West generally sends out the
eastern trade may be a little jealous about fairly acknowledg-
ing its merits; but merit tells in the long run, every time. And
so it has come about that everybody buys western stoves. There
is one mammoth establishment, located at Detroit, the lively
City of the Straits, which has not only reached out all over the
West but has covered the East as well, which does a large busi-
ness in this city, and is well known to a great many the country
over. The company was organized under the laws of the State
of Michigan, in 1871 (and afterward in Illinois), with a capital
of $100,000. These assets, in cash, were soon afterward in-
creased to $150,000, but the business increased so rapidly that
it was found necessary to invest the sum of $500,000 in the
enterprise in 1873, and at the present time the working capital
of the company will reach $800,000, and the annual amount
of business transacted exceeds $1,000,000.
The plant of the Michigan Stove Company includes sixteen
acres, the buildings covering over six acres. They are all sub-
stantial brick structures of handsome design. The combined
frontage is 80x1250 feet, with L additions, making one of the
largest group of buildings in the West. They have a capacity
for over two thousand workmen, and an average number of about
sixteen hundred find employment, with a pay-roll of $50,000 per
month, producing not far from one hundred thousand stoves.
annually. The Chicago house of the Michigan Stove Company
is claimed to be the largest and handsomest structure of the
kind anywhere devoted to stove interests. Chicago is the chief
stove-distributing center of America. The great show-room on
the first floor is one of the most strikingly attractive places in
Chicago. About four hundred patterns of this company's stoves:
are shown there.
The Garland" block is situated on Washington street,
near Wabash avenue, and is a marble-front building, 80x140
feet, six stories and basement. It would be impossible, without
ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
221
:
going into far greater detail than is permitted in this sketch, to
give the reader an adequate idea of the magnificence of the
Detroit and Chicago
houses, or of the full
extent of their business.

MANK
DEALERS
A.G.SPALDING & BRUS
VUL HONCÉVEILLENTÉ
108 Madison Street.
TRADE
SPALAINE
A. G. SPALDING &
BROS.-The cut here-
with gives a good
illustration of the
front of the mammoth
building occupied by
this well known firm.
It would require more
space than is possible.
to give in a work of
this nature to furnish
the reader a fair idea
of the immense quan-
tity and variety of
sporting goods handled
by this house. In Chi-
cago we claim every-
thing, and the claim is
made that every man,
woman and child in
this country has heard
of base-ball; then they
have heard of A. G.
Spalding & Bros., as
they are the leaders in
all base-ball supplies,
besides which in their
immense house in New
York and this one here they equip the world of sports with all
of its supplies.
222
COMMERCIAL AND
The immense building done each year in Chicago and
in the outlying villages and towns creates an enormous.
demand for plate and window glass; besides this, the
:
AND
COLORED.
GEDIF KIMBALL
OLISHED
ATE
AMERICAN. WINDOW. CLASS
KIMBALL
CEORGE F KIMBALL
Wabash Avenue and Congress Street.
great West, South-
west and Northwest
look here for such
supplies. The house
here illustrated is the
representative one in
this line, and makes
a specialty of polished
plate glass and Ameri-
can window glass. Mr.
Geo. F. Kimball is
thoroughly identified.
with Chicago's inter-
ests and has built up
a tremendous trade in
his line.
THE THOMSON &
TAYLOR SPICE COM-
PANY.- Of late years

the great wholesale and jobbing houses, which handle coffees,
spices, etc., look to the firms engaged in carrying these specialties
for their supplies, because of the fact that the several large con-
cerns which
make a busi-

ness of a cer-
tain line of
goods, not
only are better
posted in re-
gard to their
worth, qual-
ity, visible
and probable
ERN MILL
RED CROSS LYE WORKS
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THOMSON & TAYLOR SPICE CO.
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THOMSON & TAYLOR SPICECO.
32
30
30-40 South Water Street.
ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
223
supply, but, by employing large capital, these houses concentrate
immense quantities of goods, from which the wholesaler or job-
ber can select at pleasure in quantities to suit, and can always
be assured of getting them at the prevailing market rate. The
illustrations accompanying but poorly represent the great blocks
of buildings occupied by the Thomson & Taylor Spice Company,
yet they will serve to give some idea of the space covered, which
begins at 30 South Water street and runs along that busy mart
to and inclusive of 40, which is separated from the others by
an alleyway. This alleyway serves the best possible purpose,
as it admits trains to their shipping department. Besides
coffees, roast and ground, spices, whole and ground, their stocks
consist of mustards, baking powders, flavoring extracts, indigos,
dry and liquid bluing, hops, sage and seeds. They are now the
largest concern in their line in the world.
ICE COMPANY.- Among
the many enterprising
firms and corporations en-
gaged in the ice trade in the
city of Chicago, the Wash-
ington Ice Company, which
was incorporated in the
year 1877, is among the
largest, and in all respects a
leading company. It is
the successor of two firms
which had been long estab-
lished, one of them having
commenced business in
1859. The ice houses of this
company have a total capac-

ity of 350,000 tons, and are located at Carey and Elgin, on the Fox
river, and at Riverdale, South Chicago, Calumet and Thornton,
on the Calumet river, in the State of Illinois; at La Porte, on
Stone and Clear lakes, and at Clarke on the Grand Calumet
river, in the State of Indiana; and also at Sturgeon Bay, in the
224
COMMERCIAL AND
State of Wisconsin, with receiving houses in Chicago. Its ice
houses are located at various points, so as to insure a large stock
of ice of the best quality under all circumstances, as in case one
locality fails, an increased quantity can be cut and housed in
another, when it is thick, clear and free from snow. The offi-
cers of the company are: Seth Wadhams, president; A. J. Will-
ard, vice-president; J. H. Williams, secretary and treasurer,
and John V. Hess, general superintendent. Its principal
business office is at 79 South Clark street.
THE WARDER, BUSHNELL & GLESSNER COMPANY, manu-
facturers of champion harvesters, mowers and reapers.-The
Chicago office and warehouse of this company is at the corner of
Adams and Jefferson streets, and is one of the finest commer-
cial structures in the West. Built of the best pressed brick, five
stories high, 80x200 feet in area, of elegant architectural pro-
portions, and tastefully decorated with terra cotta, etc., it forms
at once an ornament and a landmark of its locality. No
building in the city is better lighted and ventilated, and its
shipping facilities cannot be surpassed. It has capacity for
shipping, without extra help, twenty car-loads of machines
per day.
The Warder, Bushnell & Glessner Company's factories are at
Springfield, Ohio, and have been in existence on the same site
since 1850, and have each year grown in size and capacity.
With the exception of one building, the whole plant was
destroyed by fire in January, 1867, and rebuilt in that and the
following year. Since then, old and old-fashioned buildings
have been torn down from time to time, and replaced by modern
structures with modern facilities, and the present establishment
is the greatest and best of its kind in the world, fully equipped
with the best of machinery and labor-saving devices. Every
building is of brick or stone and solid and substantial.
The Champion interest owns and controls all patents used in
the Champion machines, and of no other harvesting machine
can it be said that no royalties are paid.
The Champion machines are all made in Springfield, Ohio,
ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
225
by three different establishments, each distinct by itself. Each
of these three has its own immense factory, including malleable
iron works and knife and bar works for each—all devoted exclu-
sively to the manufacture of Champion harvesting machines.

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The Warder, Bushnell & Glessner Company.
It has always been the aim of the manufacturers of the
Champion to furnish the farmer with a durable, carefully-built
machine, perfect in its slightest details, which will do good,
clean work under all circumstances, of light draft, easily
adjusted and managed, and which will not break down in the
ROTO FHS CA=NY.
15
226
COMMERCIAL AND
harvest field. Such are the Champion machines and that the
farming community appreciates them is shown by the immense
demand, which increases year by year.
W. W. KIMBALL COMPANY.-Glimpse at the interior of a
great musical establishment-interesting details of a vast
industrial and traffic system-completion of a mammoth new
piano factory in Chicago.
The name of W. W. Kimball has, of recent years, become
associated with the piano and organ trade of the United States
in a manner so broad, so eminent and so significant of the part
played by him in the development of that mighty interest, that
a brief review of the history of his business becomes matter of
natural public interest. And there are two events of recent
record in that brief history that lend special present propriety
to such a reference, one of those events being the equipment
and occupancy, within the past few months, of what has been
justly described as the model warerooms of the American con-
tinent, in that department of commerce; the other consisting in
the erection and completion of a mammoth piano factory of elab-
orate outfit and thoroughly modern appointments, the product
of which will give a new impetus and lend national interest to
this great branch of western commercial industry.
Exactly thirty years ago, then A. D. 1857, in what was
really the early planting time and initial formative era of local
mercantile enterprise, when the city was yet a frontier metrop-
olis, with a great name yet to be made and wide empire yet to
be conquered, while, so far as her connection with the world was
concerned, her recognition was yet scant and her footing yet
uncertain, and her kingdom narrow before the wide lakes had
become her traffic waters and wide states her traffic provinces,
while her country shipping was yet largely by draft horse and
prairie schooner-in other words, at a time when the question,
whether the city was to remain a subordinate frontier metrop-
olis or rise to empire and the supreme imperial place, was mainly
a question of heroic aggressive enterprise on the part of her
ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
227

W. W. KIMBALL COMPANY,
State and Jackson Streets.
"WW.KIMBALL CO.- ORGANS
PIANOS-WW.KIMBALL CO. ORGAN
OFFICE BUILDING&WAREROOMS
STATE & JACKSON SIS. CHICAGO ILLS USA
PIANO&ORGAN FACTORIES
PIAN &
228
COMMERCIAL AND
merchants, W. W. Kimball came to Chicago and opened a
wareroom for the sale of pianos and organs. His initial opera-
tions very soon showed signs of thrift. With a splendid busi-
ness head, a superb natural faculty and aptitude for mercantile
enterprise, and aside from sterling personal characteristics of
promptitude and method that at once established him in pleasant
relations with the trade, he had brought with him just the form
of energy that, in those pioneer times, was most needed to public
and common ends, and it soon became apparent that his presence
in the field meant something more than routine activity and
achievement, something more than meeting a local demand that
already existed. It meant expansion, it meant enlargement of
the mercantile field, it meant the creation of new areas of de-
mand, it meant that, in the development of the piano and organ
trade, new and wider territory was to be added to the commerce
of Chicago. Mr. Kimball appeared, in the first place, to have
been happy in his selection of instruments. Handling nothing
of questionable or inferior merit, dealing exclusively in the very
best pianos and organs known to the American market, the com-
munity never suffered failure of expectation, and the traffic that
presently grew to vast proportions by perpetual self-multiplica-
tion was never subject to diminution and retrograde. From
supplying the retail city trade, Mr. Kimball's warerooms gradu-
ally became the recognized center of the wholesale trade of the
entire Northwest, and from that period the increasing pressure
for wider business floorage and ampler general accommodations
necessitated a number of successive removals.
In 1880, while yet in the large buildings on State and Adams
streets, Mr. Kimball subjected the business to personal reorgani-
zation, under corporate name and style of W. W. Kimball Com-
pany, and began the manufacture of reed organs, erecting a first-
class factory, the productive capacity of which, as well as the
wide fame achieved by the Kimball organs, may be inferred
from the fact that it to-day supplies about one-eighth the entire
trade of the United States. The present year, compelled by
recent stupendous growth in the several departments of their
ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
229
business, W. W. Kimball Company took formal possession of
their present quarters, corner State and Jackson streets. This
new and stately home of the music trade of the West, the most
imposing edifice in the world devoted to that polite interest of
commerce, has a height of six stories above the basement, with a
width and depth providing an aggregate of nearly sixty thou-
sand feet of modern traffic floorage, the frontage of these
230 feet being one magnificent sweep of massive plate
glass, thus heightening the general aspect of artistic elegance
and adding to the effect of architectural grandeur prevailing
throughout the entire exterior. The treatment of the main
exposition room and offices, which occupy most of the area of
the great main floor, is in fine effects of fresco painting and ap-
propriate designs in stained glass, all this line of work being
in the highest style of modern decorative art, and lending to
all the rooms of the vast interior, to whatever purpose devoted,
an aspect of refreshing cheerfulness, brightness and beauty.
The business equipment of the building, which includes a splen-
did system of freight and passenger elevators and improved
mechanical appliances and working furniture in all directions
and departments, is notable for completeness, thoroughness and
elaborate finish throughout. The subdivision of space, begin-
ning at the top, assigns the seventh floor to general repairing
rooms and to the large force of skilled and schooled artisans em-
ployed at that point of the working routine of the establish-
ment. The floors below are devoted to the storage of stock,
with the exception of a tier of wide rooms fronting on State
street, which are occupied as studios by leading members of the
musical profession in Chicago. One unique feature of special
and great interest is a handsome hall on the second floor, of
exceptionally excellent acoustic properties and having a seat-
ing capacity of about five hundred, and which will be devoted
to concerts, piano recitals and musical events of any descrip-
tion not requiring a very large auditorium. Taking it all in
all, the great musical warerooms add an important new feature
to the mercantile attractions of Chicago, and are specially cred-
.
230
COMMERCIAL AND
•
itable to the taste, the intelligence and the liberal public spirit
of a private business firm. As already stated, however, the
event that is most directly suggestive of public reference to the
history of the business of W. W. Kimball Company is the erec-
tion and completion by them of a piano factory which will date
the largest enterprise in this line of industry that has ever been
inaugurated in the West. The location of this great new build-
ing is at the corner of Rockwell and Twenty-sixth streets, ad-
joining the organ factory, the united dimensions being 258x80
feet and five stories in height, a width and area of manufactur-
ing floorage that must be considered exclusive of a vast outside
system of accessory buildings and sheds, dry-kilns, engine and
boiler houses, etc. The building will be heated by steam,
lighted by the latest electric system, abundantly furnished with
all the appliances for protection against fire, and equipped
throughout with every line of machinery that has yet been in-
vented for advancing, improving, expediting and economizing
this finest and most delicate of the great mechanical industries.
The entire system of works is connected by private branch track
with the main lines of railway leading from Chicago, and thus,
with the enormous shipping incident to the business, is directly
central to the transportation system of this continent and of the
world.
DONOHUE & HENNEBERRY.-No better illustration could be
shown of the progress that Chicago has made in her various
lines of industry, than to give a brief outline of the advance-
ment and success of her representative houses in these lines.
The firm named above began to do a printing and bookbind-
ing business immediately after the fire of 1871. They secured a
location at 32 North Canal street. Finding this place too small
for their business, they removed to a larger building, at 71 West
Lake street. This building soon proved to be not large enough,
and they secured the large buildings 105 and 107 Madison street,
where they continued until the necessity of having still more
room forced them to take the two commodious buildings at 180
and 182 Monroe street, and, in addition to these, to run a
ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
231
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Donohue & Henneberry Building, 407 to 425 Dearborn Street.
branch house at 54 and 56 Franklin street. Their business
grew so rapidly that they concluded to get one large structure
to accommodate it. Therefore they had erected for them the
large six-story buildings at the corner of Wabash avenue and
Congress street, to which they removed and were occupying,
when the fire fiend overtook them in May, 1886. The destruc-
tion of these buildings- the entire plant constituting one
structure was the largest fire that has occurred in Chicago
since 1873. The night was inky black, and when the flames
burst out mountain high from the upper windows and from the
roof, the light illuminated the whole city and drew thousands of
232
COMMERCIAL AND ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
people to the vicinity, who stood watching the grand sight,
though terrific destruction. Notwithstanding this great loss,
not only of property but also of much of their business, which
would naturally have to seek other channels, temporarily at
least, the firm were soon at work again, returning to their old
quarters at 180 and 182 Monroe street, where their business soon
found its way back to them. It was soon demonstrated that
these premises were entirely insufficient to accommodate their
business. However, they intended only to occupy them until
they could erect a building for themselves. They purchased the
ground and began the erection of a building suitable to their
wants and purposes. The work was pushed as rapidly as money
and mechanical skill could do it, and to-day they own and
occupy as fine a building as there is in the country for such a
purpose. The building stands on their own ground, which lies
between Dearborn street and Third avenue, just against Polk
street, and fronts 201 feet on both the former thoroughfares, the
main entrance being on Dearborn street. It is eight stories
high, built of St. Louis press brick, with granite and brown-
stone trimmings. Over the main entrance there is a handsome
tower extending the height of two stories above the roof, from
whose dome one can overlook the whole city. The entire base-
ment is occupied with great printing presses, some forty in
number. In connection with the press department in the base-
ment, they have provided a series of fire-proof vaults for the
protection of electrotype and stereotype cuts and plates. This
is a feature that publishers and those having printing work
done, who have valuable plates, will appreciate, as it inspires a
feeling of security. The great loss sustained in cuts and plates
by the fire at Wabash avenue and Congress street decided the
firm to provide absolutely against such a recurrence.
The first floor is occupied as stores, the second, third, fourth
and fifth as offices, while the sixth contains the general offices
of the firm and the composing department. The seventh and
eighth are exclusively devoted to the mammoth bookbinding
department. The building and its equipment constitute the
most extensive establishment of the kind in the United States.

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234
COMMERCIAL AND ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
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Architecture.
IN. the buildings erected for commercial purposes (not includ
ing manufactories) throughout Chicago, there will be found.
a varied style of architecture; for the most part, however, the
features are those best suited to the purposes for which the
buildings were erected; that is, if the structure is for office use,
the design carries ornamental additions with substantial and fire-
proof construction; if strictly for commerce, solidity, with all
the light possible, is the prevailing style. In all such buildings
as the latter there should be but one name to distinguish the
style, and that, business architecture. When it comes to dwell-
ings, churches, public buildings, such as court houses, custom
houses, theaters, hotels, colleges, hospitals, schools, libraries,
halls, convents, etc., etc., there is a demand and an appropriate
place for the various styles of ornamental architecture, whether
they be "gothic," "Queen Anne" or what not. A prominent
architect, writing of Chicago architecture, says. "that at the
time of the fire in 1871, the early English gothic was in fashion
in England, and that it had made considerable progress in this
country, and that it was just being introduced in Chicago,
though there were no important buildings in that style other
than churches. The prevailing style employed round arches
with keystones, the few projections being very slight." Where
stone was used, the joints were beveled or rusticated to avoid the
necessity of taking the surface out of wind. The fronts of
buildings were generally made of stone, that is, a simple veneer-
ing, as the stones were only about four inches thick, and the
construction and finish even of the best buildings were decidedly
economical. After the fire, notwithstanding the haste, there
was a marked improvement in the character of the designs, and
of course in the construction, and besides, many new varieties of

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COMMERCIAL AND
stone were introduced, that used before the fire being exclusively
limestone. Among the innovations following immediately after
the fire was the introduction of press brickwork, which in-
creased, and to-day many of the finest buildings are of press
brick with stone or terra-cotta trimmings, or a combination of
press brick, granite, marble or other stone. There are also a
large number of fine residences, churches, a few commercial
houses, and the public buildings, that are constructed entirely
(that is, their outer walls and ornamental features) of granite and
brown stone, Georgia marble, or other variety of hard stone.
The architecture of Chicago before the fire did not differ mate-
rially from that of other American cities of recent and rapid
growth, each quarter exhibiting buildings of the village and the
city period a one-story frame without foundations by the side
of cut stone fronts of considerable pretensions and of recent
date. This was true at the time and is the case to-day, and will
continue to be the case for many years to come, although but
little of it is to be seen in that part of Chicago bounded by the
river, north, the river, west, the lake on the east and Van
Buren street, south. In the residences of Chicago, variety of
design is prominent; this can be said of the buildings generally,
as there is a distinctive feature shown throughout the whole
city. Even buildings by the same architect are designed on an
almost entirely different plan, in other words there are few twin
buildings.
1
ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
237
Chapters-Inder to.
Architecture
Benevolent Societies..
Building and Loan Associations.
Cemeteries..
Charitable Institutions..
Churches...
Clubs...
Commercial.
Educational..
►
Express Business.
Financial...
•
Hotels..
Insurance.
Lake Michigan..
Libraries, Reading-rooms, etc..
Military..
Office Buildings.
Only a Brief Bit of the Past.
Panoramas..
Parks....
Press.
•
Private Residences.
Railways...
Real Estate.
•
Safe Deposit Companies.
Science - Art………
Societies....
•
Streets, Ways and Boulevards.
Theaters..
[
· •
•
•
•
PAGE.
234
142
173
145
124
134
64
184
79
41
167
45
182
43
122
67
164
5
61
23
63
161
32
151
174
120
76
2833
12
53
3
238
COMMERCIAL AND
Full-Page Illustrations.
Auditorium and Hotel.
Baptist Union Theological Seminary.
Bridges, Battery-Monuments..
Chicago-Bird's-eye View of.
Chicago Theological Seminary.
Exposition Building....
Garden City Warehouses..
Gillett's Chemical Works
Home Insurance Building
•
Illinois Central Railway Station, Jackson Park..
Interior Union National Bank.
Kimball, W. W., Company.
Lincoln Park - Scene in…….
Marshall Field & Co. Building.
• •
McCoy's New European Hotel..
Morgan Park. Military Academy.
Northwestern University...
Private Residence...
• ·
Rose Hill Cemetery.
•
South Park - Views in.
Staver, H. C. & Co.
Studebaker Building.
Tilden School Building.
Union League Club House..
Union Park, Scene in...
Washington Park Club House.
•
Water Tower and Works...
West Side High School Building..
Women's College Northwestern University Campus.
•
PAGE.
233
96.
149
4.
110
59
206
.bet. 206 and 207
16
35
169
227
•
•
153
187
47
98
83
163
.147-49
•
22-26
204
235
8888
80
68
29
72
18
778
•
85
ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
239
Other Illustrations.
Academy of Fine Arts.
Academy of Music.
Academy of the Sacred Heart
Alarm Statue, Lincoln Park
·
Allen Academy
• • •
Armory
Board of Trade...
Calumet Club House
Central Music Hall...
Chicago Athenæum
• •
Chicago Club....
•
·
A.
PAGE.
120
56
111
121
91
67
+ •
B.
C.
Chicago College of Pharmacy.
•
Chicago Homeopathic Medical College
Chicago in 1833..
Chicago Manual Training School.
Chicago Medical College...
Chicago Nursery and Half-Orphans' Home.
Chicago and Northwestern Railroad Station.
Chicago River Scene..
Church of the Messiah.
City Hall...
Clifton House
•
Coffin, Devoe & Co..
Columbia Theater..
Cook County Hospital.
Cottage-South Park
County Court House
•
•
Criminal Court and Jail……….
Custom House.
•
•
194
70
62
101
►
71
105
102
9
94
89
129
39
14
139
20
46
201
54
124
30
20
21
15
3
240
COMMERCIAL AND
D.
Dearborn Street Scene...
Depot - Louisville, New Albany and Chicago Railroad..
Depot-Union....
Donohue & Henneberry.
Douglass Monument.
Douglass Park Scene
Drexel Boulevard ..
Drexel Fountain
•
Drexel Fountain, Small..
•
E.
Entrance to Fidelity Safe Deposit Vaults.
Entrance to Jackson Park...
Equitable Building..
Farragut Club House..
F.
Fidelity Safe Deposit Company Vaults.
First Baptist Church……….
First House after the Fire.
•
First National Bank.
First Presbyterian Church.
Fort Dearborn in 1830..
Foundlings' Home..
Fuller & Warren Company...
Garfield Park……..
Grand Pacific Hotel.
Gray, Kingman & Collins…….
Hammond Library.
Home Safety Deposit Vaults.
Herald Building..
Hotel in Early Days...
Hoyt, W. M., Company..
•
Interior S. A. Kean & Co.'s Bank..
Illinois Street Gas Company....
G.
H.
•
PAGE.
36
33
•
38
231
28
23
40
155
32
•
176
31
182
73
•
•
• •
177,178
135
11
167
138
8
126
• • •
205
•
•
24
50
209
1
110
65
174
45
213
I.
175
210
Jackson Park……..
Jefferson Park……
ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
J.
:
?
241
PAGE.
31
27
K.
Kimbark, S. D………..
214
Kinsley's Restaurant.
51
•
Knickerbocker Ice Co....
211
L.
Lake Shore Drive.
Leland Hotel...
Lincoln Park..
157
48
25
M.
MacVeagh, Franklin, & Co....
212
Marine Hospital...
130
Marshall Field & Co...
202
McVicker's Theater..
55
Mercy Hospital..
125
Michigan Boulevard.
44
Michigan Boulevard, showing Allen Academy.
92
Michigan Stove Co......
219
Memorial Hall Northwestern University Campus..
88
Mount Greenwood Cemetery...
145
N.
National Bank of Illinois Building..
172
Northwestern College of Dental Surgery.
103
•
O.
Old Court House..
Open Board of Trade…….
P.
Palmer House...
Patrol Answering Call...
Prairie Avenue and Sixteenth Street.
Presbyterian Hospital...
Private Residences.
Pullman Building.
Pumping Works..
..
.
•
17
195
50
16
152
109
.161, 162
166
160
.
16
242
COMMERCIAL AND
Rookery Building.
•
Roos, Henshaw & Co...
Root & Sons' Music Co.
Rush Medical College..
Sauganash Hotel..
R.
S.
Science Hall, Northwestern University Campus..
PAGE.
183
215
216
109
45
84
Site of Old Fort Dearborn.....
17
Sherman House.
49
South Congregational Church..
134
South Park Avenue M. E. Church.
137
South Park Cottage and Phæton Service...
30
St. Jarlath's Church.......
139
St. Francis Xavier's Academy...
108
St. Joseph's Hospital...
128
State Street after the Fire.
10
Sweet, Dempster & Co...
Times Building
Tribune Building.
189
T.
63
64
U.
Union Park Congregational Church
140
Union Club House.
Union Depot..
Unity Church.
69
38
136
W.
Warder, Bushnell & Glessner Co.......
225
*
ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
243
Text-Inder to.
Academy of Music.
Abstracts of Title...
Ætna Life Insurance Company.
Academy of the Sacred Heart..
Allen Academy.
•
•
American Association Red Cross.
•
American Exchange National Bank.
American Humane Society...
Apollo Hall..
Armour Mission...
A.
Armour & Co..
Art Institute
Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fé Railroad.
Atlas National Bank..
Audubon Club....
PAGE.
56
151
183
111
.91, 122
131
170
125
58
126
165
.120, 123
40
170
74
B.
Baltimore & Ohio Railroad.
37
Banks-in Clearing House..
Banks-National of Chicago.
Banks-Private
Bank of British North America..
Bank of Montreal...
168
• •
170
•
171
171
·
171
Bankers' Club..
71
Baird & Bradley..
156
Baptist Societies.
142
Baptist Union Theological Seminary.
95
Barrett & Barrett....
196
Bayonet, The.....
99
Belt Railway.
37
•
Bennett Hospital.
Bennett Free Dispensary.
Board of Trade..
Bogue & Hoyt...
131
131
•
194
155
244
COMMERCIAL AND
Bonds of Suretyship.
Boots & Shoes.
Bohemian Art Club.
•
Brewster, E. L. & Co.
Bridges, Number of.
Building Department, City
Buildings-Public.
•
•
Builders & Traders' Exchange.
Burr Mission..
Business College..
Butter, Manufactured..
•
C.
PAGE.
179
188
121
171
14
19
15
194
128
.90, 115
215
Calvary Cemetery.
Calumet Club House..
Canadian Club....
Carpets, etc....
Casino Theater.
·
Cathedral Holy Name.
Catlin Boat Club.
Cattle Packing..
·
•
Central Homeopathic Free Dispensary.
Central Boulevard..
Census.
Cemeteries.
•
148
770
73
188
60
137
74
185
132
13
195, 196
Channing Club..
•
Charity Organization Society.
Cheltenham Beach ..
Chicago Free Dispensary.
•
•
Chicago New Church Library..
Chicago Music Hall...
•
Chicago, Alton & St. Louis Railway.
Chicago Avenue Church…….
Chicago Art League..
• ·
Chicago Athanæum..
Chicago Library.
Chicago & Atlantic Railroad..
Chicago Bar Association..
Chicago Base Ball Club..
Chicago Bethel....
145
73
.132
159
132
122
60
38
•
137
121
99
122
37
76
76
131
39
40
Chicago, Burlington & Quincy Railroad.
Chicago, Cairo & Grand Southern Railroad..
ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
245
PAGE.
Chicago Canoe Club....
Chicago Club.....
Chicago College of Physicians and Surgeons..
Chicago College of Pharmacy
74
71
J
111
104
Chicago Clearing House.
Chicago College of Dental Surgery.
172
•
112
Chicago Lawn…...
Chicago Dramatic and Musical College…..
Chicago & Eastern Illinois Railroad..
Chicago, Evanston & Lake Superior Railroad.
Chicago Eye and Ear Infirmary...
Chicago & Grand Trunk Railroad.
•
Chicago Homeopathic Medical College
Chicago Hospital for Women and Children.
Chicago Law Institute Library.
Chicago Literary Society.
Chicago Light Infantry.
•
Chicago Manual Training School.
Chicago Mechanics' Institute.
Chicago Medical College..
Chicago Medical Society Library.
106
39
37
•
130
36
•
102
· ·
127
122
158
73
67
93
102
89
122
Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul Railroad.
•
36
Chicago Musical College.
.60, 108
Chicago National Bank.
170
•
Chicago & Northwestern Railway....
Chicago Nursery and Half-Orphan Asylum.
Chicago Orphan Asylum..
39
129
128
Chicago Opera House.
57
Chicago Public Library.
122
Chicago Real Estate Board.
194
Chicago Relief and Aid Society…….
124
Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific Railroad.
Chicago River....
38
43
Chicago, St. Louis & Pittsburgh Railroad..
39
Chicago Society of Decorative Art.
121
Chicago Stock Exchange..
•
194
Chicago Sharphooters' Association...
74
Chicago Shooting Club....
74
Chicago Theological Seminary.
Chicago Veterinary College.
Chicago & West Michigan Railroad.
Chicago & West Indiana Railroad..
111
116
36
•
37
246
COMMERCIAL AND
Chicago & Western Railroad.
Chicago Yacht Club...
Chicago Zouaves.
Christoph, H. S……….
Church of the Messiah.
Churches and Missions.
Cigars..
Citizens' Association.
City Government..
City Hall..
Clan-na-Gael...
Clearings - Bank
Clifton House.
•
• •
• •
PAGE.
37
74
67
171
•
140
141
191
76
16
19
67
•
167, 168
45
Clothing.
188
Coal...
Coffin, Devoe & Co...
Columbia Theater..
College of Pharmacy.
College of Physicians and Surgeons.
Commercial Chapter.
Commercial Club....
Commercial Exchange .
Commercial National Bank...
195
201
54
123
114
184
70
194
170
Commercial Safe Deposit Company.
179
·
Concordia Cemetery.
Congregational Benevolent Societies.
150
142
Continental National Bank..
Cook County Hospital...
170
124
Cook County Insane Asylum...
Cook County Normal Training School.
Corn Exchange Bank..
131
112
•
171
County Court House.
Criterion Theater..
19
57
Cumberland Club.
Custom House..
74
15
D.
Deaconess Institute and Hospital.
Deak Verein....
131
132
Delaware Boat Club..
Diana Hunting Club..
Dime Museums..
74
•
74
58
ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
247
PAGE.
Donohue & Henneberry..
Douglass Boulevard.
Drexel Boulevard..
Driving Park, West Side.
Driving Park, Central.
Drovers' National Bank..
• ·
•
230
13
13
58
58
170
Drug, Paint and Oil Exchange.
•
Drugs and Chemicals..
194
189
Dry Goods..
188
E.
Early History of Chicago...
5
Eberhart, John F……….
158
English Lake Shooting and Fishing Club.
Episcopal Societies....
74
142
Equitable Insurance Company.
182
•
Erring Woman's Refuge
129
•
Evanston..
►
Evanston Boat Club.
Exchanges.
•
Exposition Building..
158
74
194
58
Fuller & Warren Co..
Farragut Club...
Farmers' Trust Company..
Farwell Hall. . . . .
Fidelity Safe Deposit Company.
Fire of 1871...
Fire Department..
Firemen's Relief Fund..
First Baptist Church..
First Election...
First Mayor..
First M. E. Church.
First National Bank.....
First Presbyterian Church.
First Regiment Cavalry N. G.
F.
205
73
180
58
177
•
·
·
10
18
131
135
9
10
•
136
170
138
67
67
129
170
126
First Regiment National Guards...
Floating Hospital.......
Fort Dearborn National Bank.
Foundlings' Home.
248
COMMERCIAL AND
Fox Lake Shooting Club..
Furniture, etc.
PAGE.
75
191
Garden City Warehouses..
Garfield Park..
Garrett Biblical Institute..
Gassette, Norman T………
German Ladies' Society.
German Society.
•
•
Gents' Furnishing Goods, etc..
Gillett's Chemical Works...
Gobel, E. F...
Goodman, Jas. B., & Co.
Goodrich Line..:
Graceland Cemetery.
Grain..
• •
Grand Opera House.
Grand Pacific Hotel..
Gray, Kingman & Collins.
Grenier's Theater..
Griffin & Dwight.
•
G.
207
13
87
155
129
130
190
207
159
•
155
44
148
186
•
•
57
•
•
•
I
50
208
60
154
188
179
Groceries, wholesale...
Guarantee Company of North America..
Hahnemann Hospital....
Halstead Street Opera House.
Hammond Library.
Hardware....
Hats and Caps
Haymarket Riot.
Haymarket Theater.
•
Health Department.
•
·
Heath Club.....
Heavy Hardware.
•
A
•
Hebrew Benevolent Cemetery.
Hegewisch..
Herald, The Chicago.
Hermosa.
Hershey Music Hall...
Hibernian Banking Association.
• •
H.
131
58
122
190
189
16
60
19
•
73
190
180
159
65
158
58
171
ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
249
Hibernia Rifles.
Hide and Leather National Bank.
Home National Bank..
Home Safety Deposit Company
Home for the Friendless.
Home for Incurables...
Hooley's Theater..
House of the Good Shepherd.
House of Providence..
•
Hoyt, W. M., Company..
Humboldt Park...
Hurlbut, H. A...
Hospital, Alexian Bros..
Illinois Art Association..
Illinois Central Railroad.
• ·
Illinois Club....
PAGE.
67
170
• ·
170
175
127
126
53
127
• •
132
213.
13
171
125
L
121
34
70
131
Illinois Charitable Eye and Ear Infirmary.
Illinois Humane Society.
Illinois and Michigan Canal.
* 126
43
Illinois Street Gas Company.
Illinois Street Methodist Episcopal Church Library.
Illinois Tract Society....
Illinois Training School for Nurses.
210
122
•
122
112
Insurance..!
International Bank.
Inter Ocean, The..
182
171
65
Irish American Club..
73
Irish Catholic Colonization Society.
Iron...
132
•
190
Iroquois Boat Club...
Iroquois Club...
Isham & Prentice.
74
70
156
J.
Journal, The.....
Judd's Chicago College of Commerce
· • •
K.
Kean, S. A., & Co...
Kehilath Cemetery.
•
66
90
•
171,176
180
250
COMMERCIAL AND
PAGE.
Kerfoot, Wm. D...
152
Kimball, Geo. F...
Kimball, Vose & Co...
Kimball, W. W., Co…..
Kimbark, S. D……….
Knickerbocker Ice Co....
222
171
226
214
Kinsley's Restaurant and Catering Establishment.
Knight & Marshall...
51
•
210
*
154
Lake Shore Drive.....
L.
Lake Shore & Michigan Southern Railroad...
Lake Side Club..
Lake Side Sanitarium
Leland Hotel....
Lincoln National Bank .
Live Stock.
Loan and Trust Companies.
Louisville, New Albany & Chicago Railroad.
Lucky Zouaves.
Lumber...
Lyceum Theater.
•
• ·
MacVeagh, Franklin, & Co.
Madison Street Theater.
Mail, The Chicago.
Mak-sa-ba Club.
· •
Manual Training School Library.
Margaret Fuller Society.
..
M.
Marshall Field & Co..
Martha Washington Home.
Matthern, C. O. E..
Maurice Porter Hospital.
·
13
39
70
128
48
170
184
171
33
•
67
186
57
212
60
66
74
122
•
76
202
129
115
128
46
54
154
71
170
179
·
142
•
170
McCoy's New European Hotel...
McVicker's Theater..
Mead & Coe...
Mercantile Club..
•
Merchants' National Bank..
Merchants' Safe Deposit Co.
Methodist Societies...
Metropolitan National Bank..
ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
251
་
• •
Mercy Hospital...
Michael Reese Hospital.
Michigan Avenue....
Michigan Central Railroad.
Michigan Stove Co……..
Military...
Morey, H. C., & Co...
Morgan Park...
Morgan Park Military Academy.
Mount Greenwood Cemetery.
National Bank of America.
National Banks of Chicago.
National Bank of Illinois...
National Guard of Illinois.
National Safe Deposit Co.
National Stock Yards...
National Stock Yards Bank.
National Theater.
Neue Freie Presse.
News, The Chicago.
Newsboys' Home...
• •
•
•
+
• •
N.
•
New York, Chicago & St. Louis Railroad.
New York Life Insurance Co..
North Chicago Sharpshooters' Association..
Northwestern Bond and Trust Co....
Northwestern College of Dental Surgery.
Northwestern National Bank....
Northwestern University..
Oakwood Boulevard,
•
Oakwood Cemetery.
Ogden Boat Club..
Ogden, Sheldon & Co.
Old People's Home..
Olympic Theater.
•
Open Board Trade..
•
O.
Orphan Asylum of the Guardian Angel.
Palmer House..
Park National Bank…….
P.
• •
•
•
•
PAGE.
125
127
12
37
219
190
154
159
97
•
146
170
170
170
67
179
184
170
58
66
65
127
37
182
74
180
103
170
82, 90
13
146
74
156
127
57
194
128
50
170
•
252
COMMERCIAL AND
Park Theater.
Pearsons & Taft......
Per Cent Growth of Population……….
People's Theater..
Pianos, Organs, etc.,
Pittsburgh, Fort Wayne & Chicago Railroad..
Police Department.
Police Relief Fund.
Population....
Pork Packing..
Prairie Avenue and Sixteenth Street Scene
Presbyterian Hospital.
Presbyterian Societies.
Press Club....
Private Residences.
Property Destroyed by Fire.
Public Buildings..
Public Schools.
Pullman.
Real Estate....
Rebuilding after 1871
Roman Catholic Societies.
Rose Hill Cemetery.
Royal Safety Deposit Co...
Rush Medical College..
Sargent, E. H., &, Co..
Savings Bank..
Second Regiment National Guard
Servite Sisters' Industrial Home.
Scandinavian E. R. Society..
Sherman House..
Sinai Temple
Site of Fort Dearborn..
South Chicago...
Societa Operaia Italia...
Society for Teaching the Blind..
Society of Ethical Culture..
South Congregational Church.
•
•
• •
A.
PAGE.
60
171
11
57
❤
191
· • D •
38
16
13
•
195, 196
•
R.
S.
185
152.
.109, 130
143
71
161
10
15
79, 81
159
151
11
143
150.
179
109¹
217
171
67
•
127
131
49.
136.
17
159
132:
133:
76.
•
135
ARCHITECTURAL CHICAGO.
253
South Park Avenue Methodist Episcopal Church
South Side Free Dispensary.
Sprague, Warner & Co..
Staats Zeitung, The….
Standard Club.
•
Standard Theater..
Stanley, E. P., & Co..
Star Theater.
•
•
Staver, H. C., Implement Company.
Stoves..
St. Boniface Cemetery
St. Ignatius College
•
St. Joseph's Home for the Friendless
St. Jarlath's Church.
St. Joseph's Orphan Asylum
St. Joseph's Hospital
St. Luke's Hospital..
•
St. Mary's Training School.
•
·
St. George's Benevolent Society
St. Vincent's Infant Asylum
St. Xavier's Academy
Svea Society....
• ·
•
•
Thirteen Club ....
Thirty-fifth Street Boulevard..
Thomassen, Nelson...
Tickets for Town Officers.
Times, The...
Tippe-Canoe Club.
Tobacco.....
Tolleston Club...
Town Incorporated.
Tracey..
Tremont House..
Tribune, The..
• D
T.
PAGE.
137
132
217
66
71
57
171
•
60
203
•
D
..191, 218
150
118
127
138
129
128
128
111
133
·
130
107
131
74
13
•
154
10
63
74
191
74
9
158
49
63
171
U.
128
69
122
Trust Companies.
•
Uhlich Evangelical Orphan Asylum
Union Club.....
Union Catholic Library.
254
COMMERCIAL AND
Union College of Law..
Union League Club.
PAGE.
89
69
Union National Bank…….
• •
•
165, 170
Union Park Congregational Church.
Union Riding Club..
•
140
rry
Union Veteran Club.
73
Unity Church.
136
Unity Club...
73
Unitarian Societies.
143
United Hebrew Relief Association.
132
•
•
University of Chicago..
U. S. Life Saving Station.
U. S. Marine Hospital.
U. S. National Bank..
104
126
130
170
V.
Veterinary College..
116
Virginia Society....
76
W.
Washington Boulevard..
14
Washingtonian Home.
Washington Park Club..
Waldheim Cemetery.
Water Works...
•
128
71
150
19
Weber Music Hall.
Western Boulevard
58
13
Western Investment Bank..
Western Seamen's Friend Society...
Western Society for Suppression of Vice.
West Side Club....
West Side Free Dispensary.
171
131
.
132
71
131
Windsor Theater.
Wineman, W. M..
Woman's Christian Association..
Women's Exchange..
Woman's Hospital of Chicago.
Woman's Medical College of Chicago..
Y.
60
182
132
131
128.
112
Young Men's Christian Association Library
Young Men's Hebrew Charity Society.
122
133
W
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