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2.6
Recreation Survey
Detroit, Michigan
MADE FOR THE
Committee on Recreation System
OF THE
Detroit Board of Commerce
BY
ROWLAND HAYNES, Field Secretary
OF THE
Playground and Recreation Association of America
ASSISTEI) RY
Mrs. Rowland Hay nes

MARCH AND A PR II., 1913
The Board of Directors,
Detroit Board of Commerce.
Gentlemen:—
OUR Recreation Committee takes pleasure in pre-
CJº here with its report in the form of a Recrea-
tion Survey of Detroit, compiled by Mr. Rowland
Haynes, Field-Secretary of the Playground and Recreation
Association of America. The Survey in addition to show-
ing the needs of Detroit, contains a five-year program for
obtaining proper recreational facilities for our city, as well
as an act creating a Recreation Commission for Detroit.
The latter has been adopted by the Charter Commission
and will be voted on as part of the new charter in the
Fall.
The Survey has taken into account not only the needs
of small children and children of school age, but also the
needs of adults and primarily the younger population of
our city engaged in factory employment, for whom it is
especially desirable that facilities for normal and healthful
pleasure be made possible if Detroit is to retain its high
rank as an industrial center.
We trust that the report will be the means of stimu-
lating public interest in a campaign for a constant and
permanent recreational development in our city.
Respectfully submitted,
FREDERICK H. HOLT,
Chairman,
D. M. FERRY, JR.,
FRANK D. FORBUSH,
FRED M. BUTZEL,
DR. CHARLES E. CHADSEY,
IRA. W. JAYNE.
WM. B. WREFORD,
Committee Secretary.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Introduction–Scope of Report... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . …
Part One—Recreation Needs of Detroit
I Facilities for Outdoor Recreation Around Homes. . . . . . . . . . . .
II Indoor Facilities for Home Recreation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . e
III Commercial Recreation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Part Two—Facilities and Supervision
I Park Property. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
II School Property. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
III Streets. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
IV Library Facilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. V Present Supervision of Recreation in Detroit. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
VI Summary of Needs in Detroit to Secure an Adequate Recrea-
tion System. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Part Three–Administration... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Part Four—Program for Securing an Adequate Recreation System for
Detroit. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . w
General Summary and Conclusions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Page
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Table I
Table II
Table III
Table IV
Table V
Table VI
Table VII
Table VIII
Table IX
Table X
Table XI
Table XII
Table XIII
Table XIV
Table XV
Table XVI
APPENDIX
Tables, Maps, Etc.
Density and Distribution of Youthful Population 1912. . . .
Outdoor Play Space. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Observation of Children Out of Doors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Commercial Recreation—Summary of Capacity, Average
Weekly Attendance, Performances and Hours, of Differ-
ent Kinds of Exhibition Amusements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
List of Theatres and \ºing Picture Shows with Location
and Seating Capacity as Given by the Building Depart-
ment and Type of House as Given by Police Department.
List of Pool and Billiard Rooms, Bowling Alleys, Shooting
Galleries, Penny Arcades, Skating Rinks, as Giyen by
the License Bureau of the Police Department. . . . . . . . . .
Play Space in School Yards per Capita for 1912 Enroll-
ment, with Congestion of General and Youthful Popu-
lation of the Neighborhoods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Facilities for Home Recreation as Reported by Grammar
School Principals, April 1913. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nationalities of Pupils in Different Grammar Schools as
Reported by School Principals April 1913. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Facilities in School Plant as Reported by School Principals
Open Space Rooms—Size and Floor Location. . . . . . . . . . . .
Open Space Rooms—Light Connections. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Equipment for Recreational Use in Grammar School
Buildings (other than Summer Playground Equipment,
Size of Park Property Available for Use as Neighborhood
Parks, and Congestion of General and Youthful Popula-
tion in Neighborhoods Thereof... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Use of School Plant for Recreation Purposes, 1911-1912... .
Summer Playgrounds 1911-1912. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Social Centers 1912-1913. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Detroit Juvenile Delinquency Sept. 1, 1909, to December 31,
1910. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Summary by Months. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Cases Classified According to Offenses. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Direction of City's Growth as Shown by Report of Build-
ing Department. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
List of Chief American Cities Having Playgorund or
Recreation Commissions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Salaries of Recreation Workers in American Cities 1912. . . .
Draft of Amendment to the New Charter of the City of Detroit pro-
viding for a Recreation Commission . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Map I
Map II
Map III
Showing Distribution of General Population in Detroit,
1909, from the Barcroft Appraisal of the Detroit United
Railway. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Showing Distribution of Youthful Population, 5-19 years
inclusive, from School Census, 1912. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Showing Location of Commercial Amusement Places as
Prepared by Mr. Maurice Willows for Men and Religion
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Recreation Survey, Detroit, Michigan
INTRODUCTION
In conference with your committee it became
apparent that you were interested in a recrea-
tion system as a whole for the city of Detroit;
not merely in different parts of the system. In order that this
survey should be of help in building up such a system, certain
definite questions were put to be answered by this report. The
chief questions so put were:
(1) What is the need for further recreation facilities in
Detroit and how is this need distributed throughout the city?
(2) What further use may be made for recreation purposes
of facilities which the city already has 2
(3) What further facilities are necessary to meet the grow-
ing needs of the city and where should these additional facilities
be located 2
(4) What supervision is necessary to use these facilities
efficiently and what should be the form of administration for the
city's recreation system :
(5) What are the conditions of commercial recreation in
Detroit and what further, if anything, is needed to guarantee
the wholesome quality of recreation furnished by commercial
agencies?
For definiteness in answering these questions the report
is divided into four parts.
Part One treats of the need of recreation in Detroit: what,
how much and where.
Part Two treats of the facilities and supervision of recrea-
tion, both at present and what is needed.
Part Three treats of administration of public recreation at
present and the needed form of administration for an adequate
system in Detroit. -
Part Four outlines a program for securing the needed ele-
ments of a system, covering supervision, facilities and adminis-
tration.
It has been the purpose of the report not to duplicate other
investigations in Detroit, but to use these other reports to show
the bearing of the facts therein contained on need and develop-
ment of a recreation system in Detroit. I have received a great
deal of help from these other reports, definite acknowledgment
of which is given in each case and also in the letter of transmissal.
As long as this report will suggest certain definite lines of
development in Detroit, in some cases the unfolding of the
policy already in force and in certain cases changes from that
7
Scope of
This Report
policy, I wish to make it clear that these suggestions are not
made in the spirit of faultfinding. Detroit, like other rapidly-
growing cities, has had the problem of recreation forced upon it
more rapidly than the city has been able to handle it. The re-
sult has been that certain parts have been better developed than
others, as in the case of scenic and picnic parks in Detroit, while
other parts have been practically neglected. It is the purpose
of this report to show how the system as a whole may be brought
up to the efficiency of certain parts and how the entire needs of
the city may be met by an adequately developed system. In no
city have I found a greater eagerness to meet conditions as they
are and to catch up with the problems presented the city by its
rapid growth.
PART ONE
RECREATION NEEDS OF DETROIT
I—Facilities for Outdoor Recreation Around Homes
It is not the purpose of a public recreation system to take
the place of home recreation where there are private facilities
around homes for such recreation. Hence the first step was to
find out the need, and distribution of the need, for the provision
of outdoor recreation facilities in Detroit. -
tº In 1909, in connection with the Barcroft Ap-
$. of praisal of the Detroit United Railway, was
opulation ge * , º e
made a map showing the distribution of popu-
lation in Detroit. This map indicates where are the spots in the
city where the population is most congested. The distribution
of population in Detroit is there divided into six types, as
follows:
Congestion Population per + mile sec- Population Per cent. of City's popula-
Type | tion (40 acres) i Per Acre } tion in this type
1 0 to 500 0.0—12.5 h 10.3
2 500 to 1000 12.5–25.0 23.7
3 1000 to 1500 - 25.0—37.5 18.7
4 1500 to 2000 37.5—50.0 : 17.9
5 2000 to 2500 - 50.0—62.5 { 19.2
6 2500 to 3000 62.5—75.0 : 10. 2
By studying the map of distribution of general population,
we find that the most congested areas in types 4, 5 and 6 are
pretty evenly divided, being spread around in fan-like semi-circle
in the center of the city with more of the heavier types of con-
gestion on the East Side and rather more of the middle types,
namely 3 and 4, on the West Side. The lowest types of conges-
tion, 1 and 2, are pretty evenly distributed around the edge of
the map. See Map I in the appendix of this report.
It is not enough to know the distribution of
general population. Where the general popu-
lation is dense, other things being equal, there
will be a small amount of private yard space for Outdoor recrea-
tion, but certain highly congested sections do not have a large
Distribution of
Youthful Population
8
number of children and young people. While recreation is a
thing that needs to be provided for all ages, the first need is for
children and young people for outdoor recreation. Hence Map
II has been prepared to show the distribution of youthful popu-
lation. This map was made from the school census of 1912,
the last census available at this date. Table I in the appen-
dix gives the area and school population between five and nine-
teen years of age, inclusive, and the school population per acre
in each of these school census districts. Map II simply presents
Table I in graphic form. On Map II the distribution of youthful
population is divided into six types as follows: -

Congestion |Population per 3 mile sec- - Population Per cent. of City's popula-
Type tion (40 acres) Per Acre tion in this type
1 0 to 180 0.0 to 4.5. 30.6
2 180 to 360 4.5 to 9.0 38.
3 360 to 540 9.0 to 13.5 - 16.3
4 540 to 720 13.5 to 18.0 4.2
5 720 to 900 18.0 to 22.5 9. 1
6 900 to 1080 22.5 to 27.0 1.7
Studying this map, the following facts of distribution of
youthful population are apparent. All of the two highest types
of congestion of youthful population is on the East Side. The
West Side has one section type 4 and about one-third of the
entire amount of type 3. The West Side is characterized by
the second or next to the lowest type of congestion. Type 1
is distributed around the edges of the map in the outskirts of
the city, as might be expected, and also down through the middle
of the map in the wards on Woodward Avenue, which are taken
up chiefly with business houses and residences where there are
not many children. -
By comparing Maps I and II we get at once an idea of
where there is the greatest immediate need for provision of
outdoor play space, namely, in those sections of the city which
appear with high congestion on both maps; that is, the sections
where the congestion of general population is high, so there is
little private yard space and where the congestion of youthful
population is high, showing that there is a large number of chil-
dren as well as a small amount of outdoor play space.
t o The above mentioned maps show where there
*:::::: of Private is the greatest need, but do not show the
ay Space amount or definite causes of this need. Hence,
studies were made of the amount of private yard Space in
different parts of the city available for play use. Soundings
were made in each of the five main types of congestion shown
in Map I. Each sounding was made to cover one school dis-
trict, so that the exact number of children in the sounding was
known. A study was made of the amount of private space and
of its use, that is, of how much of the ground is really useable
for play and how much of it is taken up by gardens and lawns,
where play is not permitted, or by storage yards. Note was also
9
taken, in the case of vacant lots and of private yard space, of .
grading conditions, to show how much of this private yard
space is not used at present because of these grading condi-
tions, but which might be made available by special grad-
ing. Table II shows in detail the results of the study in each
Sounding. To explain, take for illustration Sounding I made
in the third school census district of ward five. The density of
the general population in this district is of the highest type
found in Detroit. That is from 62.5 to 75.0. The density of the
school population is of the fifth type, 21.7 per acre. Omitting
those in the school population over fifteen years of age, we find
in this district 1,272 children between the ages of five and fifteen
inclusive. In this district there is .72 of an acre of private yard
space useable for play. This is cut up into ten different parcels,
one parcel of two-thirds of the entire free space of the district
and the remaining third of the free private play space being cut
up into the remaining nine parcels. Experience shows that 300
children can use an acre of ground for active play purposes at
the same time. There is then in this sounding private yard
space large enough to handle 216 children, or a little less
than 17% of the 1,272 children between five and fifteen years .
inclusive in this district. The remaining 83% of the children
must play on the streets or go out of the district or not play at
all. This sounding is taken as typical of the highest type of
congestion of general population in Detroit. As shown above
10.2% of the city's population live in this congestion type. *
Sounding III in the fourth district of ward ten, where the
density of general population is of the fourth type, namely, from
37.5 to 50.0, shows a different condition. Here there seems to
be enough play space if it could be put in parcels large enough
for efficient use. There are in this sounding 3.1 acres free for
play and .6 of an acre more which would be available for play
if properly graded. This space, however, is cut up into 152
parcels, making each parcel about .02 of an acre in size. It
was found that only about 10% of the children were actually
playing in these private yards and vacant lots, because these
are cut up into such small parcels that the children preferred
the streets. The problem in districts of this kind, in which live
18% of Detroit's population, is not the problem of the amount
of play space, but of the distribution of play space. Unless some
of these private areas can be combined, it will be necessary to
secure areas of at least one or two acres for the smaller children,
and a certain number of larger play areas for older children and
adults, to meet the needs of such districts. we
Soundings IV and V are typical of moderate congestion
of population. There is enough play space to handle the chil-
dren, and it is not cut up into such small parcels, but as is shown
in Sounding IV, only 35% of the space which is free for play is
really useable for play, the remaining 65% being in vacant lots
which require grading for use. The same is true of Sounding
V, except that there is a larger amount of available play space,
if it could be graded for use.
10
Summarizing these facts we find that 29% of
5.*::::. Detroit's population live in congestion condi-
Play Space tions where 82% of the children between five
and fifteen years of age must play in the
streets because there is not enough yard space around their
homes. In the matter of facilities, the problem in these sections
is the acquirement of more play space. -
Eighteen per cent of Detroit's population live in congestion
conditions where over 80% of the children do play in the streets
because, while there is enough private yard space, it is cut into
such small areas (average of .02 acre for each plot) that the
children prefer the streets. In the matter of facilities, the prob-
lem in these sections is the acquirement of space in large enough
areas for children to use.
Forty-three per cent of Detroit's population live in conges-
tion conditions where, while there is enough space in private
yards and vacant lots, 76% of the children between 5 and 15
years of age must play in the streets because vacant lots are
ungraded for play use. In the matter of facilities, the problem
in these sections is the leasing and grading of vacant lots for
play space. -
The remaining 10% of the population live in the outskirts,
where the outdoor play problem is not acute.
Study has also been made of children out of
3.f doors out of school hours to see where they
School Hours are and what they are doing, in order to de-
termine whether these conditions of private
yard places for play purposes were really affecting the children
in their recreational life. Children were enumerated at nine
different times at eight different places throughout the city.
These observations were all taken after school hours and were
well distributed. The total number of children noted during
these studies were 3,051. A detailed account of what these chil-
dren were doing and where they were appears in Table III.
It should be noted that 90% of the children were found on the
streets, 9.4% were found in private yards and vacant lots, and a
little less than 6 of 1% in public play areas, such as school yards.
The fact that a larger per cent were actually found in the street
than really needed to be in the street, if every foot of yard space
available for play in these districts was being used, shows that a
certain number of children were drawn to the streets, rather
than using their own private yards, because there was more
going on and more fun there. From this study it would seem
that 90% of the children are in the streets throughout the city
of Detroit for the following reasons: one, in certain districts,
because there is not enough private yard space; two, in certain
districts, because the private yard space is cut up into such small
areas; three, in certain districts, because the vacant lot space,
while adequate in size, is not graded for use in play purposes;
four, in all districts, because there is more going on in the streets.
11
e Study was also made of what the children were
W. $.” doing. It was found that from 38% to 67%
were voing were doing nothing. An average of 54.7% of
the more than three thousand children were doing nothing, an
average of 38.3% were playing, while an average of 7% were
working. Playing was interpreted liberally to cover all sorts of
playing, even if the activities were not games and were not very
active, so that the figure 54.7% of children doing nothing is con-
servative and not overdrawn.
* What is the harm of children being on the
ë. of These streets? It is sometimes said that the chief
onditions e e te
danger is that of being run over by vehicles.
The danger of accidents is important, but considering the thou-
sands of children that are on the streets of Detroit the number
of accidents is not large. The chief injury is not from the fact
that the children are on the street, but from the fact that they
are doing nothing. This means that there is a loss of initiative,
a loss of the ability to work together, and a decisive growth in
juvenile delinquency. Last year Detroit spent approximately
two and one-half millions on its schools, if we include the neces-
sary bond issues for school purposes. All of this money was
apparently needed for school work, and yet it is shortsighted for
the city to spend millions of dollars on its school system each
year, and then have the children outside of school hours form
habits which will make their school training of little use. With-
out initiative, which can be developed through the right use of
play hours, school training is of little use. Without the ability
to work together, the school training is also of little use. The
need is not to cut down the amount for school purposes, but to
make an adequate provision for the right use of after-school
hours, in order to insure the investment in the school system.
The present method is like a manufacturer of a costly product
who allows that product to rust and deteriorate during the hours
that it is not actually going through the factory. The invest-
ment in a recreation system is necessary if the investment in a
school system is not to be partially lost.
tº e From records furnished by Mr. Read, Clerk
Juvenile *5. of the Juvenile Court, we find that there
quency in Petroit were 1426 juvenile . delinquents on charges
serious enough to get into court between September 1, 1909,
and December 31, 1910; 95% of these cases, although in a county
court, were from Detroit. The cost of the Juvenile Court last
year was $12,500.00; for the care of boys and girls outside of
industrial schools in the state, $13,300; Detention Home, .8,941.
In addition, it is estimated by the Secretary of the City Police
Department that at least $16,000.00 is required each year to
handle the juvenile cases in charge of the City Police Depart-
ment. This makes a yearly expenditure of $50,000.00 for delin-
quency, exclusive of the cost of caring for delinquents sent to
industrial schools for boys and girls. $48,000.00 is also pro-
posed for a new Detention Home, and it is certain that this is
12
not a large enough sum to provide an adequate building. This
annual maintenance of over $50,000.00 is necessary to handle
juvenile delinquency which originates in Detroit. The amount
for this purpose cannot be cut down, but an investment in a
recreation system to help prevent some of this delinquency,
which arises through bad recreation conditions or through bad
companions picked up in recreation hours, is also necessary. An
adequate recreation system is a preventive of many cases of
juvenile delinquency, as every probation officer in this or any
other city in the country will indicate, with instances to back
up his assertions.
e The facilities for outdoor play in private yard
Sºren space for older children and adults are less
than for young children. Younger children
can play in small areas, using small-space games, sand boxes and
swings. The young working man needs a place to play baseball,
and wholesome outdoor recreation should be provided for work-
ing girls. But for baseball a large-sized lot is necessary. There-
fore outdoor home recreation of any active character for the
young working group is now impossible except in districts where
there are large vacant lots. From the studies here made it .
appears that at least half of Detroit's population live where there
are no vacant lots big enough for large-space games, hence the
need of providing large public play fields by lease or purchase
in certain parts of the city. Adults can go farther for their out-
of-door recreation than children. Consequently as many large
play fields are not needed as small playgrounds, but the need for
these large play fields is equally urgent. Anyone who studies the
large number of young people and adults loafing on the corners
and strolling the streets in leisure hours will recognize the need
of provision of wholesome outdoor recreation.
II—Indoor Facilities for Home Recreation
Since this is a recreation study and not a housing study, I
am dependent more or less on the progress of the study of hous-
ing conditions in Detroit for records of exact percentages of
crowding in homes. Families living in houses or tenements of
four rooms and less have little opportunity for indoor recreation
at home. The exact percentage of this amount of crowding is
not yet available. However, the principals of the different schools
were asked to report on the home condition for recreation of the
children in their schools. Seventy of the grammar school prin-
cipals reported. Of the seventy that reported, thirty-three, or
nearly half, gave their opinion that the home recreation facilities
are either poor, or very poor, or, as some put it, there is no
opportunity for recreation. *
Taking the averages given in the school census, we find 6,862
people reported for each of the years sixteen to nineteen years
of age inclusive. Following this average there are 68,820 young
people and adults between sixteen and twenty-five years of age.
If the principals are correct in their reports of school children, at
13
least half of these young people also have poor recreation condi-
tions at home. This means nearly 35,000 young people between
the ages of sixteen and twenty-five, in addition to over 40,000 of
the school children, whose home conditions for recreation are
poor. This gives some idea of the size of the problem of provid-
ing wholesome indoor recreation away from home where home
conditions are such that indoor recreation cannot be provided at
home. -
III–Commercial Recreation
The chief forms of commercial recreation to be covered in
any survey of this type are, first, exhibition places such as the-
aters, moving picture shows and penny arcades; second, dance
halls and roller skating rinks; third, places for playing games
such as pool, billiards, shooting and bowling. In this study
the chief items covered are exhibition places of different kinds.
In getting up these figures and for much help in gathering data,
I am indebted to Mr. Royal Baker and Mr. Leslie Potter, who
have charge of the censorship of the moving picture films under
the Police Department. I have also made a brief study of some
of the places for playing games. I have made no study of dance
halls, because another investigation is under way by another
organization. From talking with those in charge of this other
study, it seems that it is being done in an excellent way and that
it would be a waste of time to duplicate their work.
Exhibition Pl Table IV gives the number of places and seat-
*** ing capacity and number of performances per
week or hours, and the estimated average weekly attendance of
each of the main types of exhibition places. Summarizing we
find that there are 20 moving picture shows which might be
called down-town moving picture shows, which run from 9:00 or
10:00 A.M., and in some cases from 1:00 P.M., until 11:00 P. M.
The seating capacity of these 20 houses is 8,905. There are 77
moving picture shows which are of the neighborhood type, run-
ning in the evenings and on Saturday and Sunday afternoons
and evenings. We have the seating capacity of 69 of these and,
reckoning each of the eight whose seating capacity was not
given by the Building Department at the average of the other
69 of the same type, namely, 332 per house, we have a total
seating capacity for the neighborhood moving picture shows of
25,564. There are five vaudeville houses, running from fourteen
to twenty-eight performances per week, with a total seating
capacity of 6,834. As vaudeville houses are reckoned only those
whose chief feature is vaudeville and which do not run con-
tinuously, those which run for a given number of hours con-
tinuously have been reckoned with moving picture shows. There
are three burlesque houses with a total seating capacity of 3,726.
There are three legitimate drama houses with a total seating
capacity of 5,665.
14
Attendance It is extremely difficult to get accurately the
* average weekly attendance on these different
types of exhibition places. One important down-town moving
picture house has to sell every day eight times its capacity be-
fore it makes a cent. Since it is making costly improvements, it
is safe to estimate that its average weekly attendance is more
than 56 times its seating capacity. This house is very unusual.
Small neighborhood moving picture shows which run only in the
evenings and Saturday and Sunday afternoons, come nowhere
near this capacity. A moving picture show in the outskirts of
the down-town district has an average weekly attendance of
about seventeen times its capacity. In Milwaukee a careful
study was made of the reports of the moving picture men them-
selves given to the Building Department. These averaged 8.5
times the capacity per week for neighborhood houses. In Kan-
sas City, where an accurate count was taken in 70 different
houses, was found an average of 20.5 times the seating capacity
per week. It is the purpose of this report to err on the side of
conservative rather than overdrawn statements, hence, in reck-
oning the average weekly attendance, the following figures have
been used. For the 20 down-town moving picture houses, the
seating capacity was multiplied by 20.5, the average found in
Kansas City. For the neighborhood moving picture houses, the
seating capacity was multiplied by 8.5, the average found for this
type of house in Milwaukee. For the vaudeville houses, playing
an average of 23 times per week, the seating capacity was multi-
plied by 12, which means that they did not average much over
half of their capacity for each performance. For burlesque houses,
playing 14 times a week, the seating capacity was multiplied by
10, basing this figure on the known attendance given day by day
for a week by a manager of one of the Detroit burlesque houses.
It is impossible to estimate with any accuracy the attendance at a
legitimate drama house, since these vary all the way from a small
attendance up to standing room only. To be conservative their
seating capacity was multiplied by five to get the average weekly
attendance. As shown in Table IV, this gives the total seating
capacity in all the theaters and moving picture houses, 50,694,
and a total average weekly attendance of 547,409, 73% of which
is in the moving picture houses. This gives some idea of the
size of the problem. Anyone who wishes to check up these fig-
ures will find that they err on the side of conservatism rather
than on the side of overstatement. Since a number equal to
the entire population of the city of Detroit attend these exhibi-
tion places every week, it is of prime importance that the quality
of recreation furnished should be wholesome.
It is safe to say that not over 20% of those at-
- *. # Those tending these exhibition places are children
ending under sixteen years of age. Many people think
that moving picture shows are chiefly attended by children.
While great numbers of children attend, anyone who has visited
large numbers of these shows at different times is aware that the
15
majority of attendance is made up of those over sixteen years of
age, most of it of those between sixteen and twenty-five. Early
in 1910 a study was made by one of the detectives of the Police
Department of 43 different moving picture shows in Detroit. I
have had access to these reports through the courtesy of Commis-
sioner Croul and Secretary Walters, of the Police Department.
The majority are reported as running about 15% of children
around 15 years of age. Sundays the percentages run up to 60 and
75% in some cases. . Last winter a study was made in the Harris
School of the number of children attending moving picture
shows, which figures I have had access to through the courtesy
of Mrs. George M. Read, who made the study for the Junior
Drama League. It appears that at least 75% in this typical
school went to the moving picture shows at least once a week,
and of those who went, a very large majority went twice a week.
It should be remembered, however, that the entire school enroll-
ment for the entire city of Detroit could attend the moving pic-
ture shows once every week and still be less than 14% of the
entire average weekly attendance of the moving picture shows, in
the city, and that three-fourths of the entire school enrollment
of the entire city could attend the moving picture shows twice
a week, and still be only 20% of the average weekly attendance
of these houses. It is evident that, while moving picture shows
play a large part in the life of the children, the attendance of
children does not play a large part in the business of the moving
picture shows. -
8 . The moving picture situation is being better
... handled in Detroit than in most of the cities
jeº which I have visited, due to the work which is
being done by the inspection of the moving
picture films under the Police Department. Three chief needs
in the matter of regulation of commercial recreation in Detroit
are, one, the extension of inspection to other forms of commercial
recreation than theatres, especially to dance halls: two, the
passage of an ordinance requiring dance halls to be licensed, as
are other forms of commercial recreation in Detroit, thus giving
the city a chance to control the quality of recreation therein fur-
nished : and three, the joining with the inspection from the police
standpoint the inspection of commercial recreation from the
recreational standpoint. Both forms of inspection are necessary.
To substitute for the present inspection an inspection by those
acquainted only with the recreational standpoint would be a
decided loss. For instance, pool and billiard halls are harmful
chiefly on account of the gangs which attend certain halls. It is
the business of the Police Department to know who are the
burglars, dope fiends and other characters of ill repute. Inspec-
tion by those acquainted only with the recreational standpoint
would fail to keep these places cleaned up. On the other hand,
the police standpoint is not sufficient. It seeks chiefly to prevent
crime; in its inspection of moving picture shows, for instance, it
forbids chiefly films which incite to crime. This is a distinct help,
16
but the inspection should go further. It should consider all forms
of commercial recreation as assets to the recreational life of the
city, to be helped and developed until they furnish more and more
wholesome recreation to the city and occupy their true place in
its recreational life. The solution, it seems to me, is to place the
inspection of commercial recreation under a Recreation Com-
mission, on which the Police Department shall be represented,
thus continuing inspection from the police standpoint, but also
adding to it, through the connection of this inspection with the
Recreation Commission, the recreational standpoint. In this way,
inspection of commercial recreation will look not only to the pre-
vention of crime, but also to the constructive use of one of the
biggest forces and one of the most important assets of the recrea-
tional life of any city.
PART TWO
FACILITIES AND SUPERVISION
I—Park Property
Aside from boulevards, there are four types of
#.: P §. it park property in Detroit:-first, squares, such
*** *** as Grand Circus and the like, which cannot be
used for active recreation; second, picnic and scenic parks, such
as Belle Isle and Palmer Park; third, permit play field parks,
which do not require much, if any, supervision, but which furnish
facilities for outdoor games; fourth, neighborhood parks, which
can be developed as regular neighborhood recreation centers,
under supervision, meeting a large part of the recreation needs
of the neighborhood.
tº º Table XI in the appendix shows the conges-
*****E*R* tion of population in the neighborhood of each
tion to Recreation e
Needs of the last two types of park areas mentioned
above. It also shows how much the conges-
tion of these neighborhoods is above or below the average con-
gestion of the city. It also shows the congestion of youthful
population in the neighborhood of each of these parks and the
amount above or below the average congestion of youthful
population for the city. From this table it is evident that Per-
rien Park is the only one of the park areas available for play use
which is in a highly congested neighborhood with a large number
of children. Cass Park is in a highly congested neighborhood,
but the number of children per acre in that neighborhood is small,
hence, Cass Park would naturally remain a public square, rather
than becoming a play field. Clark Park is in a middle type of con-
gestion, but the number of children in that neighborhood is small.
© In order to secure the greatest efficiency in the
Pºliº ºp. use of park areas for recreational use, a defin-
ment of Park Areas . © e ſº o
ite policy is necessary in relation to the needs
of the. city as a whole and of the particular neighborhood of
each park.
17
In regard to the public squares, there would be no change
of policy in relation to Adelaide Campau, Cadillac Square, Capi-
tol Square, Cass Park, City Hall Square, Clinton Square, Grand
Circus, Macomb Square, or Scripps Garden. These are not
adapted to larger recreation use. Most of them are small and
would be adapted only for use by small children. It is better to
put the playgrounds for small children around the school build-
ings and leave these squares as beauty spots and breathing
spaces. Nor would there be any change of policy in respect to
the picnic and scenic parks, Belle Isle and Palmer Park. What-
ever play equipment is given to these parks should be in connec-
tion with their use as picnic parks and their use for special
occasions, such as Children's Day or playground festivals.
Clark Park is partly a scenic park and partly a neighborhood
park. The southern end is now being used as a ball field. The
policy in regard to this field would be its continuous develop-
ment as a permit play field park, especially at the southern end,
where this use will not interfere with the landscaping of the
northern end.
Owen Park and Water Works Park are not in neighbor-
hoods which are at present in great need of provision for out-
door recreation, hence they would continue to be developed for
the present as scenic parks. The same can be said of Voigt Park,
in the northern part of the Fourth Ward.
The Jewel property is within a third of a mile of the south-
ern part of Clark Park, but is in quite a different neighborhood
and could well be developed first as a permit play field park and
later into a neighborhood park, as the congestion of that part of
the city develops. On account of the putting in of a sewer
through the property, it will not be available for recreation use
much before 1914.
To meet immediate needs, Perrien Park is the best located
park in the city. The congestion of general population in the
neighborhood is high, meaning that the amount of play space in
the neighborhood is small. The congestion of youthful popula-
tion in the neighborhood is also high, showing that there are
large numbers who need to use the park. At present it is used
chiefly as a scenic park with some play facilities for small chil-
dren. It would be a better policy to develop the neighboring
school yards for small children and gradually develop this into a
neighborhood play field park for older children and adults. By
different arrangement of landscaping in this park, the amount of
land available for active recreational use could be more than
doubled. The neighborhood needs a place where the outdoor
games of older children and adults can be developed.
Ferry Field presents an opportunity to develop a model
neighborhood recreation center. While the congestion of popu-
lation in that neighborhood is not now heavy, the neighborhood
is rapidly growing. There is enough space to make adequate
provision for outdoor recreation of all kinds. The first step in
18
the development of this park is to use it as a permit play field
park with ball fields, athletic grounds, tennis courts and similar
facilities which can be used without much supervision. With
the development of the neighborhood, more and more super-
vision can be put on as the need for the extensive use of the area
grows. In developing the facilities for indoor recreation at this
point, care should be taken to avoid duplicating the facilities al-
ready present and to be secured by the school buildings at this
site.
A fully equipped special recreation building, with an audi-
torium, gymnasium, club rooms, baths, etc., would cost from
$40,000 to $90,000. It is foolish for the city to put up a special
indoor recreation building at this point when the auditorium,
gymnasium and club rooms in the school buildings here can be
used. For the present, if the use of the school buildings at this
location can be secured, the only need of a special recreation
building would be in connection with the outdoor use of the field,
—that is, to furnish lockers and baths. Even these could be
secured at a considerable saving to the city by arranging for the
use of certain of these facilities in the school buildings, perhaps
providing separate exits so that they could be entered without
interfering with the use of the school buildings for educational
purposes. Since the field will be used chiefly during hours when
the schools will not be in session, after school, on Saturdays and
in the summer months, there need be little danger of interference
with school work.
Atkinson Park is at present in a neighborhood where the
congestion of general population and youthful population is not
high. The policy of development at present for this park is to
use it as a permit play field without much supervision, except as
the different baseball leagues, organized under the Recreation
Department, would use this park for teams made up in this
neighborhood.
© On the general policy that playgrounds for
§. of small children should be around school build-
******** ings, and that play fields, used either under
permits or under extended supervision as neighborhood recrea-
tion centers, should be secured on park property, certain addi-
tional lands are necessary to meet the needs of the city for play
fields for older children and adults. If the new athletic field
proposed at Ferry, Palmer, St. Antoine and Hastings Streets, is
so managed that it can be used for general neighborhood pur-
poses when not needed exclusively for the high school, and if
Perrien Park is developed into a neighborhood recreation cen-
ter, the securing of an additional large play field of at least five
acres in the southern part of the crowded East Side would pro-
vide that part of the city fairly well for the present. This third
larger field for the East Side could well be either at the House
of Correction site, if this institution can be moved into the coun-
try where property can be secured at a low rate, or near the
Clara Bath House. There is not, at present, enough space im-
19
mediately in the rear of the Clara Bath House to make an ade-
quate play field for older children and young people. It would be
possible to get enough space for a play field immediately adjacent
to the Clara Bath House by taking all the property now used by
the Water Works Department and the Department of Public
Works in that neighborhood, but in order to do this and be just
to these other departments, it would be necessary to secure other
land for them. To secure an adequate play field for this neigh-
borhood, it is a choice either between moving the House of
Correction into the country, using that space for a play field,
and the moving of the Clara Bath House to this location, since
baths should be in connection with a public play field, or secur-
ing of other land for the Water Works Department and the De-
partment of Public Works and using the area thus relieved,
directly around the Clara Bath House, for a play field and recrea-
tion center for this neighborhood. The amount of space secured
in either case would be about the same.
The West Side does not have as large a congestion of general
and youthful population as the East Side. It has Ferry Field,
Atkinson Park, Clark Park and the Jewel property. The need
for the next large play field for the West Side is midway between
Clark Park and Ferry Field, where it will meet the needs of the
most heavily congested area of youthful population in the West
Side, as shown by Map II. With this additional provision the
West Side would be fairly well equipped with larger play field
space and future provisions would be in the line of getting land
in the outskirts in anticipation of the growth of the city and the
rise in land values incident to that growth. The City Plan Com-
mission has already outlined the possible location of these larger
play fields in the outskirts of the city.
II—School Property
The amount of play space per capita for the
Outdoor present enrollment in each of the grammar
Play Space schools is shown in Table VII. This table
also shows the congestion of the general population and of the
youthful population in the neighborhood of each school building
and the amount above or below the average congestion for the
city.
Considering the amount of play space, we find that about
one-half of the schools in Detroit have less than thirty feet per
child, the minimum set by the London School Board. Most
American cities are trying to get a larger per capita play space
than the London minimum. When a piece of ground is bein
used constantly for play purposes, about three hundred children
per acre can use it. This does not permit any large space games
like baseball, but does permit active games like basket ball, in-
door baseball and ring games. This means about one hundred
and fifty feet per child. Since it is reckoned that all of the chil-
dren to any playground will never be using it at the same time
when it is used as a neighborhood playground, fifty to seventy-
five square feet per child is the amount which is being set as a
20
practical minimum to work towards. Two-thirds of the schools
of Detroit have less than fifty feet per child, the lower range of
this practical minimum. When school yards were used simply
for the play of children during recess periods, a small per capita
play space was not very important. If the area was small, the
children could be divided into relays and use the space at differ-
ent periods. It is now becoming recognized in American cities
that it is economy to place the playground for small children
around the school building. A school playground now becomes
not merely a thing to be used during a half hour's recess period,
but to be used from four to twelve hours per day as a neighbor-
hood playground for small children after school hours and dur-
ing the summer vacation. With this extended use of the school
playgrounds for the small children of the entire neighborhood,
the need of adequate play space becomes more urgent.
© . As the table shows, seventy of the grammar
§: school buildings, or over three-fourths, are in
eignbornoods neighborhoods which are above the average of
the city in the congestion of general population. This means
that three-fourths are in neighborhoods where the amount of pri-
vate play space is less than that of the city average. As the
congestion of general population goes up, the amount of private
play space goes down. Fifty-three of the schools are in neigh-
borhoods where the congestion of youthful population is above
the average of the city. In other words, over one-half of the
school buildings are in neighborhoods where there is not only
under the average amount of private play space, but also over the
average number of children to use the play space. This means
that the school buildings are well placed for playground pur-
poses and that extensions of school playgrounds up to a mini-
mum of fifty square feet per child of the school enrollment will
meet the needs of the small children of the neighborhoods.
Table X shows the amount of outdoor equip-
ment in school playgrounds, as reported by
the principals. In most cases this does not in-
clude the equipment for the summer playgrounds in certain
school yards, since this is usually stored and not available,
on account of lack of funds for supervision, in other than
summer months. This is one place where equipment is
not being used to the limit of its capacity because the city has
not provided adequate funds for supervision. Study of Table X
will show that nearly every school has something in the way of
equipment or supplies, but careful study will also show that this
is very small in most cases. Often the equipment for any one
game is not complete. Thus many schools have a basket ball,
frequently purchased by the pupils or the teachers, but no baskets
or standards for playing the regular game of basketball. A little
over one-half of the schools have some fixed equipment like trav-
eling rings, swings and horizontal and parallel bars.
Outdoor
Equipment
21
Studying the open space rooms available for
É. use for indoor recreation, we find in the gram-
quipment mar schools at present two auditoriums, and
four additional auditoriums made possible by using a corridor
or throwing together two rooms. Sixty-seven of the grammar
schools have kindergarten rooms which can be used for small
auditoriums seating about one hundred. In some cities kinder-
garten auditoriums have been crowded on occasions to hold
about two hundred. In addition to these rooms in the grammar
schools, the Cass, Central, Eastern and Western High Schools
have auditoriums, gymnasiums and swimming pools. The new
Northwestern High School, now in process of construction, will
also be so equipped. In one city of about the size of Detroit,
two-thirds of the school buildings have some kind of auditorium.
While Detroit is not as well equipped in this regard as many
other cities, it still has a very considerable amount of indoor
Space available for indoor recreation purposes. .
Eighty-two buildings have pianos, ten have graphophones
or piano players, three have stereopticons, four have quiet games,
while about a dozen have some equipment in the form of dumb-
bells, wands, Indian clubs and punching bags. This is in the
grammar Schools and does not refer of course to the high schools,
which have gymnasium equipment.
At present schools are being used for recrea-
Present Use of tive purposes only to a small degree. This is
#. due to no fault of the school authorities, but
Purposes chiefly to the lack of funds and to the fact that
recreation work is made a subordinate part of
one of the departments of the work under the Board of Educa-
tion. This is not intended as a criticism on the present manage-
ment. It seems to me that, considering the fact that the recrea-
tion work has been treated as an aside and only meagerly sup-
ported by funds, the work under the Board of Education de-
serves much commendation. The facts are these. Last sum-
mer sixteen of the ninety grammar schools had playgrounds
which were conducted for forty-five days, from 9:00 A. M. to
4:30 P.M. and Saturdays to 1:00 P. M. The playgrounds were
run on less than a quarter of the school grounds. They were
not run all the summer. They were not run during the latter
part of the afternoon and up until dark, which experience in
other cities shows is the most popular time for their use; nor
were they run Saturday afternoons and evenings; nor were they
run during any other than summer months. Their average daily
attendance was 4,337, with an aggregate attendance of 198,824.
Thirty per cent of those attending were under seven years of age,
fifty per cent between seven and twelve years of age, and twenty
per cent between twelve and fourteen years of age, in short,
eighty per cent of the children were under thirteen years of
age. It is gratifying to note that the average daily attendance
increased sixteen per cent last year over the attendance in 1911
when the same number of playgrounds were conducted.
22
Social Cent In the years 1912 and 1913, social centers were
OClal Jente ſº run from September 30th until December 14th,
and from January 2nd to April 4th. Six centers were conducted
during this entire period and one other center was conducted for
two months only. They were held five times each week in the
evenings from 7:00 to 9:00 P. M., and on one of these five even-
ings until 10:00 P.M., or as long as the janitor could be induced
to stay to close the building. The aggregate attendance for the
boys was 12,614, and for the girls was 9,719. The average daily
attendance, including both boys and girls, was about 250. The
majority of those attending, or about seventy-five per cent, were
between the ages of fifteen and seventeen, possibly fifteen per
cent were under fifteen years of age, and about ten per cent were
over seventeen years of age. For these figures and information
about playgrounds and social centers, I am indebted to the
Superintendent’s Department of the Board of Education, and
especially to Miss Mercy J. Hayes, who has had, in addition to
her other work, the management of the playgrounds and the
social centers. She, as well as other members of the supervising
force, have given me every assistance in obtaining figures.
e As will be apparent from the above facts, while
É. of t there are many things to be desired in the way
evelopmen of additional facilities in the schools for recrea-
tion purposes, the present school plant is not being used any-
where near the limit of its capacity. As will be pointed out in a
later part of this report, the most important thing to secure its
further use for recreation purposes is adequate supervision.
In the matter of outdoor facilities, to secure the greatest
benefit from the school plant for recreation purposes requires,
first, the development of school yards up to at least fifty square
feet per child of the school enrollment. The City Plan Com-
mission suggests the development until each school has two
acres. This is a good suggestion, but seeking a per capita
amount will allow the fitting of the school grounds more closely
for the needs of the children. Second, sound policy requires the
placing of all new buildings on lots so as to economize outdoor
play space. For an illustration, one building, the Campau, at
Forest and Campau Streets, is in the middle of a neighborhood
which needs additional playground facilities. Perrien Park can
be developed to take care of the older children and adults as a
neighborhood play field and recreation center, but it will never
be large enough to care also for the smaller children, who can
best be handled on the school playground. At present the Cam-
pau School has a per capita play space of 19.4 feet per child.
The building is so placed in the middle of the lot that nearly half
of the space not taken by the building is in a lawn. With the use
of this lawn the per capita play space would be thirty-five feet
per child, nearly double. This is an illustration of where the
placing of a building has wasted from one-fourth to one-third of
the play space. Had the building been placed nearer the front,
not all the lawn taken up but the lawn space reduced, the play-
23
ground in the rear would come nearer meeting the needs of the
neighborhood.
In the matter of development of indoor recreation space,
much saving can be accomplished by providing the new build-
ings with auditoriums and gymnasiums, with suitable exits for
the auditoriums so that these can be used safely in the evening.
Some cities are using movable seats in their auditoriums, which
makes it possible to use these rooms for gymnasiums or dancing
if desired. While a separate gymnasium is preferable, the equip-
ment of an auditorium with movable seats, making it convertible
into a gymnasium or large play space room, is much less expen-
sive, and is much superior to having no such equipment for
neighborhood use. The putting in of such gymnasiums or con-
vertible auditoriums in school buildings will make them more
expensive than buildings not so equipped, but they will cost
much less than the provision of separate buildings for recreation
purposes. -
III—Streets
From one-fourth to one-third of the area of every neighbor-
hood is taken up by streets. Of the remaining two-thirds and
three-fourths, which is private property, there is not enough,
which is not taken by buildings, storage yards or interspaces too
small for play, to handle the children of many of the neighbor-
hoods of the city, as has been shown in Part One of this report.
Ninety per cent of the children out of doors out of school hours
are on the street. Fifty-four per cent of those out of doors are
doing nothing, showing the need of play space and play leader-
ship. To secure adequate play space at once to meet this very
great need in Detroit would require an enormous and prohibi-
tive expense. Many of these streets are used only by light
traffic. On certain streets, where there are street cars and
through traffic of vehicles, play is impossible, but many streets
are used chiefly for the delivery traffice, most of which is in the
mornings. There is no reason why certain streets in Detroit
which are used only for light traffic should not be reserved for
play during certain hours of the day, thus using some of the very
large percentage of the area to meet the very large need of play
Space.
Under supervision, reserved streets are being used for play
purposes in certain other cities. If properly handled, parents
not only do not object but experience has shown that they
frequently sit on the doorsteps watching the children play and
sometimes join in the sport.
IV—Library Facilities
The Public Library plays an important part in the recrea-
tion life of Detroit. From this last year's report it appears that
sixty-three per cent of its circulation was fiction, the reading of
which is an important kind of recreation. The library and sev-
eral of its branches are equipped for recreation purposes and are
24
using this equipment to a certain extent. Five of the branch
libraries already constructed have auditoriums, and at least three
of these already constructed have club rooms in addition to the
auditoriums. There are three branch libraries now under con-
struction, all of which will have auditoriums and club rooms.
The library is already doing considerable recreation work
through its story-telling hours for the children. It has shown
itself ready to assist in every way by the loan of books to be used
in connection with schools and recreation centers. Under the
development of indoor recreation centers, the reading room will
be an important adjunct. Detroit already possesses certain ad-
mirable facilities for recreation purposes in its libraries. Its first
problem, as with its parks, streets and School plant, is the wider
use of the facilities which it already possesses.
V—The Present Supervision of Recreation in Detroit
gº º - Public recreation in Detroit at present is di-
B.º.º.ester rectly affected by four different boards, and
P indirectly by two or three more. Under the
Board of Education recreation work is being directly carried on
by the Supervisor of Playgrounds and Social Centers and their
assistants. Some recreation work is also being done under the
Department of Physical Training under the Board of Education,
with after-school games, tournaments and the like. In addition
to this, some principals and teachers are voluntarily doing a cer-
tain amount of recreation work besides the athletic games of the
high schools. Under the Park Department some supervision of
recreation is given through the issuance of permits. Swimming
baths are a matter of recreation as well as of cleanliness, and the
supervision of these comes under the Park Commissioner. In
addition swimming centers are conducted by the Board of Educa-
tion. Commercial recreation, especially in the matter of the
censorship of moving picture films, is handled at present by the
Police Department. The Library Board, through the story.
telling hours in its branch libraries, and through the use of the
auditoriums and club rooms in these branch libraries, is also giv-
ing a certain amount of supervision to public recreation. On the
whole much of the public recreation work done in Detroit at
present is well done, and those that have had charge of the work
have done the best possible under the disjointed system of admin-
istration of recreation under which they have been compelled to
work. r
VI—Summary of the Needs in Detroit to Secure an Adequate
Recreation System
The needs of the city in the way of public recreation have
been pointed out in Part One of this report. What the city al-
ready has in the way of facilities and supervision to meet these
needs has been pointed out in the previous sections of this part
of the report. Summarizing what is required to fit present facili-
ties to present needs, and to secure additional facilities, we find
25
the following are the chief demands of Detroit in the way of pub-
lic recreation. One, greater use of present school yards through
supervision and the adoption of a distinct policy in relation to
the facilities of the Park Department, as outlined in a previous
section. Two, greater use of present park areas by the adoption
of a distinct park policy, as outlined above. Three, drawing street
play to light traffic streets by supervision and reservation of cer-
tain of these streets for play during certain hours. Four, greater
use of vacant lots, by lease, grading and supervision, as temporary
relief of the need of outdoor play space, pending the use of these
lots for other purposes and pending the securing of sufficient
facilities owned by the city. Five, greater use of the present
school plant for indoor recreation centers under supervision, and
the introduction of special types of recreation activities to meet
the demands of the different neighborhoods. Sir, acquirement of
additional play space around school buildings for playgrounds
for small children, first in congested districts, then to meet the
needs of the growing city, securing this additional play space in
order of urgency as indicated by Table VII, which shows the
present per capita play space and the need in the different neigh-
borhoods through congestion of general and youthful population.
Seven, acquirement of additional play field space for older chil-
dren and adults, first in the congested districts, then to meet the
needs of a growing city as outlined in a previous section. Eight,
the placing of new school buildings on the lots in such a way as
to give the largest possible play space, remembering that some
of the present school buildings have been so placed as to waste
from one-third to one-half of the play area left on the lot. Nine,
the planning of school buildings with facilities for indoor recrea-
tion, including auditoriums with proper exits for neighborhood
audiences, gymnasiums or auditoriums convertible into gymna-
siums, play rooms or certain class rooms convertible into recrea-
tional club rooms through equipment with movable seats. The
additional cost of a building so planned is from one-half to two-
thirds less than the cost of special recreational buildings made
necessary if the school plant cannot handle for the present a large
amount of the indoor recreation. Ten, the acquirement of enough
equipment for playgrounds, play fields and indoor recreation cen-
ters to secure their efficient use, in general employing under su-
pervision game supplies rather than elaborate and expensive pieces
of set apparatus. Eleven, the placing of playground apparatus
on the school and park property so as not to waste space for free
play of games. The efficiency of one of the most costly play-
grounds in the country in New York City has been reduced 40%
by the wrong placing of play apparatus. Other cities have found
similar conditions. Detroit has not yet very much outdoor play-
ground apparatus, hence, care is needed in the future. Twelve,
the securing of an ordinance requiring the licensing of dance
halls and providing for their inspection along with the inspection
of other kinds of commercial recreation. This is the only im-
portant type of commercial recreation not now licensed in De-
26
troit. Experience in other cities and also in Detroit shows that
such licensing is necessary as a means of safeguarding the whole-
some quality of recreation furnished in dance halls. Thirteen,
the inspection of all forms of commercial recreation under the
Recreation Department of the city. This would extend the pres-
ent good work of the city in the censorship of its moving picture
houses in two ways. It would extend the inspection by giving
an adequate force to handle not only moving picture shows, but
also other forms of commercial recreation. It would also extend.
this inspection by adding to inspection under the idea of prohibi-
tion of immoral amusements inspection under the idea that com-
mercial recreation is an important part of the recreational life of
the city, and should be guided to play as large and as wholesome
a part in that recreational life as is possible. Fourteen, a unified
form of administration under a Recreation Commission with
power and funds to develop an adequate system in co-operation
with other departments. This is outlined in detail in Part Three
of this report. -
tº º The position is sometimes taken that Detroit
Sºpºiºsº should first get additional facilities and that
sary for Efficiency tº e o e
supervision is of secondary importance. Ex-
perience in other cities has shown that this is not the case, that
without adequate supervision the present facilities will not be
used anywhere near the limit of their capacity, nor will new
facilities acquired at considerable cost meet the needs for which
they are designed. To make this definite, let us take a case of
two playgrounds in another city not far from the size of Detroit.
In one neighborhood there were found between three and four
hundred children, most of them on the street and doing nothing.
In this neighborhood was a school yard of about three-fourths of
an acre. Without supervision it was being used by from fifteen
to twenty children out of school hours. As an experiment an
unannounced supervisor was placed on this ground, and the at-
tendance increased three or four times, namely, to seventy-five
or eighty. A regular supervisor was then placed on the ground
during the summer. The average daily attendance was 448,
showing that the ground drew from a wider radius than the
immediate neighborhood. In the fall the average daily attend-
ance was 149. The Superintendent of Recreation writes, “The
poor attendance at this playground during the fall was due to
poor help. Unable to obtain trained help, I did the best I could.”
In another playground in the same city in the fall of 1911, there
were no children because of no supervision. A regular super-
visor was placed on this playground in the summer of 1912. The
average daily attendance was 478. The average daily attendance
during the fall of 1912 after school hours on this playground
was 316, as against no attendance the previous fall. With good
supervision public play space can be used very near to the limit
of its capacity. With no supervision or with poor supervision
it will not be used anywhere near the limit of its capacity. It is
27
foolish to provide play space without providing such supervision
that it will be used efficiently. -
In this connection it is interesting to note conditions in a
given crowded district in Detroit. On one Saturday afternoon
Over 400 children were found on the streets within three or four
blocks of a school playground of over one and one-half acres.
83% of the children of this neighborhood in Detroit must play
on the street because of no adequate private play space around
their homes. By actual count 94% of the children out of doors
in this district were found on the street against 6% in private
yards. On the school ground, which had no supervision at this
time, fifteen children were playing. With adequate supervision
it could have secured an average daily attendance of over 400.
Detroit is already doing some supervised rec-
How Detroit reational work in its playgrounds and school
Compares with e
Other Cities house social centers, as well as the unsuper-
vised recreational work under the Park De-
partment. For the work which has already been done much
credit should be given, but Detroit is not doing nearly as much
as other cities of its size. In the matter of attendance in other
cities of the same size, Boston and Buffalo have one and one-half
times Detroit's attendance, Baltimore and Newark three times
and Pittsburgh six and one-half times the attendance at the De-
troit summer playgrounds. In the matter of expenditure, Mil-
waukee spent last year one and two-thirds times as much, and is
spending this year five times as much, Boston twice as much,
Baltimore two and one-half times as much, Newark four times as
much and Pittsburgh eight times as much. Detroit should not do
more just because other cities are doing more. Detroit seeks to
do more because of the great and recognized needs within its own
limits. What other cities are doing is only interesting because it
shows that they, too, are recognizing similar needs and are catch-
ing up with these needs a little faster than Detroit.
Size of the Task The task before a Recreation Commission is
as large as the task before the Board of Educa-
tion, and the duties of the Superintendent are not less than those
of the Superintendent of schools. There are in Detroit over
92,000 children between the ages of five and fifteen years, inclu-
sive. At least half of these live under conditions which will re-
quire some help from the public recreation system, either in the
form of supervised playgrounds in school yards, or in super-
vised reserved streets, or in the safeguarding of the quality of
recreation in the moving picture shows, attended by over 75% of
them. There are over 68,000 young people between the ages of
sixteen and twenty-five years. From one-third to one-half of
these require some help from a public recreation system, either
in the provision of play fields or indoor recreation centers, or
in safeguarding the quality of commercial recreation, which
draws the largest percentage of its attendance from this group.
Reckoning by the most conservative estimate, at least 70,000
28
children and young people, saying nothing of adults over twenty-
five years of age, will be dependent on the public recreation sys-
tem for a part of their recreational life. The school enrollment
last year was a little under 56,000. In numbers influenced, the
task of a recreation system is not less than that of a school sys-
tem. Considering also the hours influenced, counting evenings,
holidays and Sundays, the task of a recreation department is not
less than that of a school department. It is generally recognized
that most delinquency and crime is started in leisure hours or is
traceable to companionships formed in leisure hours. Leisure
time is a time of danger, unless provision is made for its proper
use. In importance of the influence of the hours touched, the
work of a recreation department is not less urgent than that of a
school department. This does not mean that the appropriations
for the Recreation Department in Detroit need to be as large as
for the Board of Education, because, with proper co-operation of
other departments, the Recreation Commission can use facilities
already acquired by the city, and to be acquired by the city, pri-
marily for other purposes.
PART THREE
ADMINISTRATION
As already pointed out, the work of the recreation system
in Detroit involves the provision of playgrounds for small chil-
dren, of play fields for older children and adults, of indoor recrea-
tion centers in school and special buildings, for children during
certain hours of the day during certain months of the year, and
for adults in the evening during certain months of the year. It
involves also the regulation of permit play fields and the develop-
ment of their use to the limit of their capacity. It also involves
the inspection of commercial forms of recreation, such as moving
picture shows, dance halls, pool and billiard rooms, to insure that
these places furnish wholesome recreation.
tº To do this work a Superintendent of Recrea-
*...*f; for tion and sufficient assistants and inspectors
oing This Work © tº
are necessary. Caretakers and janitors are
1iecessary. An administrative board, to which the Superinten-
dent is responsible, is necessary, just as a school board is neces-
sary to which a Superintendent of Schools is responsible. This
part of the report has to do chiefly with this Recreation Commis-
sion which has charge of the supervision of activities and caretak-
ing in the recreation facilities. -
o The experience of other cities has shown that
gºal. * for the success of a recreation system three
Any Form of things are essential: first, a capable Recrea-
Administration tion Superintendent; second, sufficient funds
assured from year to year; and third, a prop-
erly constituted administrative board in charge of the work as a
whole. No recreation system can succeed without a competent,
well-trained and tactful Recreation Superintendent. No super-
29
intendent can succeed without the support of a strong adminis-
trative board with which he can work out policies and which
will back him up in a continuous policy extending over enough
years to bring definite results. The assurance of funds is neces-
sary in order that a definite policy of expansion may be carried
out. Not only must there be enough funds, but there must be
the assurance that these funds will be fairly regular, else no
continuous policy is possible.
© tº gº First, for real success, the board in charge of
. ...” recreation should have the power to use all the
facilities which the city already possesses avail-
able, partly or entirely, for recreation. To use only facilities set
aside exclusively for recreation would be enormously costly in
Detroit, if any attempt were made to secure adequate provision
for all who need such facilities. Second, the board of administra-
tion must be able to secure the practical co-operation of the vari-
ous other boards, such as the Board of Education, Park Commis-
sioner, Public Library Board, Police Department, Board of Pub-
lic Works. Only by working with these other boards and secur-
ing their co-operation, can a comprehensive and adequate system
for Detroit be worked out without friction and waste. Third, the
administering board needs an appreciation of the nature and size
of the task of the Recreation Department. Rightly conducted
this task is as big as that of any of the other departments of the
city government. A board which looks upon the recreation work
as merely a subordinate part of some other department will never
secure adequate provision for the recreation needs of Detroit.
Fourth, the board caring for public recreation must be so consti-
tuted that it can make its appointments primarily for the good of
the children and adults to be helped by the system, and not pri-
marily for the good of the appointees.
e The form of administration which is the most
ºjº, $º likely to secure an adequate and comprehen-
mission for Detroit sive system of recreation for Detroit is a Rec-
reation Commission with separate power and funds to conduct
the recreation system. Since the facilities in the hands of the
other boards must be used for recreation purposes during hours
when these facilities are not otherwise employed, and since the
full co-operation of these other boards is necessary in building an
adequate recreation system, certain of these boards, those which
are most affected, should be represented on the Recreation Com-
mission.
. In using the same facilities by two boards,
...” there is always a possibility, ºf friction, but
sºme" " the city of Detroit faces the dilemma, if it at-
tempts to provide adequately for its recreation
problem, of either using the facilities which it already has, in the
school plant, in the park plant and in certain nontraffic streets
during certain hours, or of providing special facilities to be used
only for recreation purposes. The first alternative presents the
30
possibility of friction. The second alternative presents an almost
prohibitive expense. Hence it seems wiser to take the first al-
ternative, and to avoid friction, as far as possible, by so constitut-
ing the Recreation Commission that the different boards involved
shall know that they are consulted and also that they have a direct
part in the control of the recreation problem. Much friction can
also be avoided by clearly defining the powers of each board in
relation to the Recreation Commission and of the Recreation
Commission to each of the boards. The avoidance of much fric-
tion is possible throught tact and consideration on the part of
the Recreation Superintendent. The use of the school plant, the
park plant, some of the library facilities and some of the streets,
for recreation purposes as well as for other purposes is analogous
to the use of street areas for water mains, electric wire conduits,
etc. There is a possibility of friction between departments in
such uses. Pavements are often torn up to lay water mains, and
yet the remedy is not to purchase separate land at enormous ex-
pense for water mains, but to secure the co-operation of the Water
Department and the Street Department in the use of these com-
mon areas. The same is true in regard to the recreation system.
The solution of the problem is not to provide separate recreation
facilities at enormous expense, but to secure the co-operation of
the different boards involved in the use of this common city .
property. -
To continue the policy of dividing the recreation work
among two or three different departments, as at present, means
that no adequate system will be secured and that there will be a
great loss of efficiency. The money invested will not bring the
results desired. The first reason for a Recreation Commission
is to secure efficiency in developing the city's recreation system.
The second reason for a Recreation Commission is that the
recreation problem is a unit and should be in the hands of a board
devoting its attention primarily to this problem. The recreation
problem is based on the needs of the children and adults to be
reached, and recreation problems are in a class by themselves.
To divide the recreation work of the city into parts, some under
the Board of Education, some under the Park Commissioner and
some under the Police Department, may be necessary as a tem-
porary expedient. It is not desirable as a permanent arrange-
ment, any more than it would be desirable to have the high
schools under one board and the elementary schools under an-
other. Such splitting of the educational system would be inde-
fensible since the educational problem is a unit. Similarly, the
splitting of the recreation system may be necessary as a tem-
porary expedient, but is not defensible as a permanent arrange-
Iment.
The third reason for a Recreation Commission is that a
commission properly constituted, so as to secure the co-operation
of the other boards and yet devoted primarily to the recreational
problem, will be more likely to provide an adequate development
31
of the recreation system in Detroit than if the recreation work
were made a subordinate feature of some of the other departments.
The importance of the task before the Recreation Department in
Detroit has already been pointed out. A separate commission
working chiefly on this problem is less likely to allow this im-
portant task to be pushed into the background.
In arguing for a Recreation Commission as the best form
for Detroit, I am offering no criticism of other cities which have
different forms of administration. Recreation Commissions are
not at present feasible in many cities, but it is possible to de-
velop a Recreation Commission in Detroit, now that the charter
is being revised, without any serious disturbance of the organic
law of the city. Many cities are now conducting recreation work
under departments primarily appointed for other purposes. None
of them would pretend that at present they have reached the
whole recreation problem of their community. Detroit has a big
opportunity at present of solving its recreation problem in a
large way rather than by temporary expedients.
. A draft of that part of the City Charter cover-
ë...; ing an administrative system for recreation
Be Composed in Detroit will appear in the appendix of this
report, giving details as to powers, terms of
office, appointment and other items. In this section it is in-
tended to lay down certain fundamental principles which should
govern the make-up of such a commission. First, such a Recrea-
tion Commission should not be too large. This is necessary for
efficiency. Second, the Recreation Commission should have rep-
resentatives of the other boards whose facilities are chiefly af-
fected by the building up of a recreation system. The need of
co-operation with other boards has already been pointed out.
Directly and indirectly, a Recreation Commission touches the
work of the Board of Education, the Park Commissioner, the
Public Library Board, the Police Department, the Depart-
ment of Public Works, the City Plan Commission, the Building,
Fire, and Light Departments. To have all of these represented
on the Recreation Commission would make the commission too
unwieldy for efficient work, hence, it is necessary to pick out
those departments which are directly affected by the Recreation
Commission and have these departments directly represented on
it. The co-operation of all the other departments less directly
affected can be secured by conference between the Recreation
Commission and these departments. The departments which
are directly and immediately affected are the Board of Educa-
tion, the Park Department and the Police Department. It seems
to me that the chief executive officer of each of these, the
Superintendent of Schools, Park Commissioner and Chief. of
Police, should be represented on the Recreation Commis-
sion. The Library Board and the Department of Public
Works are less directly affected by the Recreation Commission,
although their co-operation is particularly needed in the use of
non-traffic streets for play purposes during certain hours and the
32
use of branch library buildings and books for certain types of
recreation. Whether the co-operation of these two departments
should be secured by a direct representation on the Recreation
Commission or by conference can be determined by your local
committee. It seems to me that the Librarian of the Public
Library should be on the commission. The other departments
do not so directly affect the work of the recreation system. To
have them represented would make the Recreation Commission
too large. Their co-operation can be secured by conference and
the working out of each administrative problem as it arises.
Third, the Recreation Commission should not be made up ex-
clusively of representatives of these other boards. There should
be on it a certain number of members whose chief business is to
care for the development of recreation. The representatives
from other departments are needed to secure their co-operation,
but the development of a recreation system will always be to
them a subordinate part of their work.
e The representatives of other boards would
*..."; * hold their position on the Recreation Commis-
erm of Office º º gº ... e. &
sion ex-officio. The citizens appointed spe-
cially for the Recreation Commission would naturally be placed
there by the appointive power of the city as developed in the
new city charter. This would naturally be in the hands of the
mayor. The terms of office should be so arranged that certain
members of the Commission would hold over so that its entire
personnel would not be changed at any one time, otherwise a
continuous policy is not possible.
The three points where the division of power
. of Repres: between the Recreation Commission and other
gº.” * boards should be made clear are: one, the
Other Boards supervision of playgrounds and recreation
- centers in the school plant; two, the super-
vision of play fields and recreation centers in the park plant;
three, the inspection of commercial recreation places, prior to the
issuance of licenses by the Police Department.
In the matter of playgrounds and recreation
School Plant centers in the ...}. the supervision
and care-taking should be in the hands of the Recreation Com-
mission during the hours when these parts of the school plant
are used for recreation purposes. The facilities, including land,
buildings, equipment and supplies, which are used at other hours
for educational purposes, should continue to be in the hands of
the Board of Education, which would sustain the position of a
landlord in relation to the Recreation Commission, wheih would
be the tenant. This gives the landlord board power of veto over
the action of the tenant board in any activity which interferes
with the educational use of the school plant. It is for this reason
that the Superintendent of Schools should be a member of the
Recreation Commission, in order that he may appreciate the
33
recreation needs as well as the educational needs, and that he
may bring to the attention of the Recreation Commission any
danger of the infringement of the educational use of the school
plant by their use for recreational purposes. Special equipment
for playgrounds and recreation purposes, in grounds and build-
ings used at other hours for educational purposes, and perishable
supplies used exclusively for recreational purposes, should be
paid for by the Recreation Commission.
P As already indicated, the park plant is of three
ark Plant ki > -- g ~ : --- - - - e e
inds, first, scenic or picnic parks; second,
permit play field parks; third, neighborhood play fields and
recreation centers. In general, the relation of the Recreation
Commission to the Park Department would be similar to the
relation of the Recreation Commission to the Board of Educa-
tion. The scenic and landscape features would remain entirely
in the hands of the Park Department. In permit play field
parks, the scenic development would remain in the hands of the
Park Department. Equipment for recreational use and the issue
of permits would be in the hands of the Recreation Commission.
In neighborhood play fields and recreation centers, which are
used primarily as neighborhood recreation centers without much
scenic development, the supervision, care-taking, supplies and
equipment, would be in the hands of the Recreation Commission,
and paid for by them. Any new neighborhood parks to be used
• exclusively for recreation purposes, would be put exclusively in
the hands of the Recreation Commission, but any new scenic
parks or permit play field parks would be put in the hands of the
Park Department.
tº The handling of commercial recreation in-
$.” volves, first, the licensing of commercial recre-
ation places by the city. In some cities the
licensing of commercial recreation is looked upon chiefly as a
source of revenue. While revenue is derived from these licenses,
the chief purpose of these licenses is to give the city power to
insure satisfactory conditions in these places as a requisite of
receiving and continuing to hold such licenses. Second, the pre-
vention and suppression of disorder in these places. Third, the
guarantee of the wholesomeness of the recreation furnished by these
places. Wholesome commercial recreation is an asset to any
city. Unwholesome commercial recreation is an expensive men-
ace to any city. The city should not try to interfere with any
legitimate business development of commercial recreation, but
it must provide itself with the means, through inspection and
through veto of licenses, of guaranteeing the wholesome charac-
ter of recreation. Fourth, the guarantee of the physical safety
of the commercial recreation places, involving the observance of
the city ordinances under the inspection of the Building, Fire,
Health and Electricity Departments. -
Accurate location of responsibility for each of these provi-
sions for handling recreation is necessary. The first and second
34
should remain in the hands of the Police Department, as at pres-
ent, the third should be placed in the hands of the Recreation
Commission, and the fourth should remain in the hands of the
various departments as at present. Licenses would be issued
by the Police Department only on the written recommendation
of the Recreation Commission, and of the Building, Fire, Health
and Electricity Departments. The Recreation Commission
would employ inspectors to see that the recreation furnished by
these commercial places was of a wholesome character. Its re-
fusal to recommend the granting of a license on the ground that
the recreation furnished was unwholesome would prevent the
issuing of such a license by the License Bureau of the Police
Department, but, in the same way, the refusal by the Building
Department to recommend the granting of a license on the
ground that the buildings were unsafe, would prevent the issu-
ance of such a license. The Recreation Commission through its
inspectors would be charged with guaranteeing the moral safety
and wholesomeness of the commercial recreation furnished, just
as the Building Department and Fire Department are charged
with the guaranteeing for the physical safety of the building in
question. -
These should be provided by regular appro-
flºº.” priation in the city budget as in the case of .
Commission other departments. The Recreation Commis-
sion should not be dependent upon other de-
partments for these appropriations, nor should other departments
be expected to take part of their regular appropriations to care
for expenses incurred exclusively for recreation purposes.
Such a Recreation Commission, with these definitely defined
powers and sufficient separate funds, should be able to build up
in Detroit an adequate recreation system requisite to meet the
needs outlined, and to use for recreation purposes the facilities
studied in Part One of this report.
PROGRAM FOR SECURING AN ADEQUATE RECREA-
TION SYSTEM FOR DETROIT
The various things which must be secured in order to get an
adequate recreation system for Detroit have been pointed out in
previous sections of this report. Such an adequate system can-
not be secured in one year nor two, but progress toward this
definite end can be made each year. Hence, it is the purpose of
this section to outline the different steps in the order of their
importance in securing this system.
The first item in the policy of developing a recreation sys-
tem in Detroit is to secure a larger use of the facilities which the
city already has. This involves the securing of a unified form of
administration for recreation work in the city and enuogh super-
vision to secure the efficient use of the facilities which the city
already possesses. The second part of the policy is to secure
additional facilities to meet the present needs of the city, and the
35
needs which can be definitely foreseen with the rapid growth of
the city. This involves, first, the securing of additional facilities,
both for playgrounds for small children and also for play fields
and special indoor recreation centers for older children and
adults, in parts of the city which are already congested, which
are not now supplied with these facilities and which cannot be
supplied adequately even if all facilities which the city now owns
in those districts are used to the limit of their capacity; second,
the securing, in parts of the city not now densely populated, of
sites for future playgrounds, play fields and recreation centers,
before land values in those sections have largely increased.
To obtain these ends, the first and most immediately neces-
sary step is to secure in the city charter, which is now being
revised, a provision for a Recreation Commission as outlined
above. This will do away with the present scattered form of
administration and make possible a unified and efficient form.
The second step is the appointment of a Recreation Superinten-
dent under the Recreation Commission, with the beginning of
the necessary force of assistants. The third step is the securing,
through these assistants, of a wider use of the school yards,
streets, school buildings, park property and library facilities.
This would involve the transformation of Perrien Park from a
scenic park into a neighborhood recreation center, since it is the
only land which the city now owns of a large size in a district
now heavily congested and with a large number of children and
young people. The fourth step would be the securing of at least
one large play field of at least five acres in the southern part of
the East Side, because this is heavily congested and has no play
field space at present. The fifth step would be the securing of a
large play field on the West Side midway between Ferry Field
and Clark Park, and the gradual acquirement of additional space
in the outlying districts, following there in general the sugges-
tions of the City Plan Commission, but being more definite in the
location of these areas as determined by the direction of the
spreading out of the city's population and by the availability of
property.
This gives the program in main outline. The securing of
recreation directors under the Recreation Superintendent, the
placing of the supervision of commercial recreation in the hands
of the First Assistant to the Superintendent of Recreation, the
acquirement of additional play space around school buildings in
the order of needs shown by Table VII on present per capita
space and congestion of population around each school, the de-
velopment of each of the park areas according to the policy out-
lined above, are all parts of the program, but fall naturally under
these five main steps. Owing to the uncertainty of developments
of the budget of the city for the next few years, the exact order
of the last two steps in relation to the other three cannot be ex-
actly determined. If the city secures funds in the present budget
for the acquirement of one or more of these larger play areas,
these two will go along with the first three steps rather than
36
subsequent to them. It is certain, however, that the securing of
a unified administration and the securing of an adequate force
under a Recreation Superintendent for the use of the facilities
which the city already has, and thus immediately providing
through this wider use for the urgent needs of the city, are the
first steps in order of importance.
GENERAL SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS
ſº (1) It appears that 29% of Detroit's popula-
*...* *** tion live in congestion conditions where 82%
O LCt foll of the children between 5 and 15 years of age
must play in the streets because there is not enough yard space
around their homes. 18% live in congested conditions where
over 80% of the children do play in the streets because the yard
space is cut up into such small areas. 43% of the population live
in congestion conditions where 76% of the children between 5
and 15 years of age must play in the streets because the vacant
lots are ungraded for play use. The remaining 10% of the popu-
lation live in sections where the problem of play space is not
acute. 90% of the children out of doors out of school hours are
on the streets. 54% of the children out of doors out of school
hours are doing nothing, bringing an educational loss by form-
ing habits which negative their school training and increase
juvenile delinquency. Detroit spent last year two and one-half
millions on its schools, $50,000 on its juvenile delinquency prob-
lem, in the city Police Department, the juvenile court, detention
home and outside care of delinquents under the county, besides
$48,000 proposed for the new detention home. A recreation sys-
tem is needed so that the city's investment in its child life through
the school system shall not be lost and that the increase of juve-
nile delinquents may be prevented.
(2) Of 70 grammar school principals in Detroit reporting
on home conditions of their pupils, about one-half say that the
home conditions for recreation are very poor or that there are
no opportunities for home recreation. The case of older children
and adults for outdoor play space is equally bad, because these
require larger space for their outdoor recreation, although not
so many different spaces.
(3) The total seating capacity in Detroit's theaters and
moving picture shows is 50,694. The average weekly attendance
at moving picture shows is at least 399,816 in Detroit. This is
73% of those attending exhibition forms of amusement in De-
troit. The average weekly attendance of vaudeville, burlesque
and legitimate theaters is at least 147,593, making a total average
attendance in Detroit theaters and moving picture shows of at
least 547,409. Most of those attending moving picture shows are
over 16 years of age—largely between 16 and 25 years of age.
Not over 20% of the attendance of moving picture shows is of
children under 16 years of age. An investigation in one of the
37
schools, made for the Junior Drama League, found that at least
75% of the children go once a week to the moving picture shows,
and most of them go twice a week. If 75% of the entire school
enrollment of Detroit went twice a week to the moving picture
shows, this would be still only 20% of the average weekly at-
tendance at these shows. This form of entertainment plays a
large part in the life of the children, but the attendance of the
children does not play a large part in the moving picture busi-
ness. The inspection of moving picture films in Detroit is being
well handled, much better than in many cities. The chief need
is to extend this inspection to other forms of commercial recrea-
tion, and to add to inspection from the police point of view in-
spection from the recreational point of view. To substitute in-
spection only from the recreational point of view for the present
inspection would be a mistake, since it is necessary in certain
forms, such as pool and billiard rooms, that the inspectors should
have facts about habitual criminals known only to the Police
Department, but to the negative point of view of the Police De-
partment should be added the positive purpose of utilizing com-
mercial recreation as a big asset of the city's recreational life.
& e = * (1) In the park plant, Detroit is well supplied
. and with public squares and picnic and scenic
upervision parks. Belle Isle is unique, and is one of the
finest scenic and picnic parks in the country. The city is not so
well supplied with neighborhood parks. Perrien Park is the only
one available for play space which is in a highly congested neigh-
borhood with a large number of children. The general policy of
park development for Detroit is to put its permit play fields and
neighborhood parks for older children and adults on property
under the Park Department and the playgrounds for small chil-
dren on the school property around the school buildings. Fol-
lowing this policy, Perrien Park would be developed into a
neighborhood park. Ferry Field would be developed into a
neighborhood park, but without duplication of recreation facili-
ties in the school buildings at that site. To meet the needs for
older children and adults, the proposed field at Ferry, Palmer,
Hastings and St. Antoine streets, the transformation of Perrien
Park into a neighborhood park and the acquirement of a piece of
property of at least five acres—either near the Clara Bath House
or at the present House of Correction site, if that institution can
be moved into the country—would handle the immediate prob-
lem for the East Side. The congestion of general and youthful
population is not as great on the West Side. The possession of
Clarke Park, the Jewel property and Ferry Field make necessary
the acquirement of only one play field of at least five acres to
meet the present needs of the West Side. This play field should
be located midway between Ferry Field on the north and Clark
Park on the south, so as to reach the highest congestion spots of
this section. -
(2) About half of the schools in Detroit have less than 30
feet per capita for their enrollment. This is the minimum set by
38
the London School Board. Two-thirds of the schools of Detroit
have under 50 feet per capita, the lower range of the practical
minimum being sought in American cities which are using their
school playgrounds not only for recess purposes, but for the
after school needs of the small children of the neighborhood.
Over half of the schools are in neighborhoods above the city
average in congestion, both of general population and of school
population, showing that the addition of play space around these
buildings will be located so as to improve the needs of the small
children throughout the city. -
It appears that the school department has not very much
equipment for outdoor playgrounds, other than its equipment
for sixteen summer grounds, which summer equipment is not be-
ing used during the rest of the year on account of the lack of
funds for supervision. While the school buildings are not as well
equipped with open space rooms as in some cities, there is much
more in the school plant in Detroit than is being used. The
average daily attendance at the summer playgrounds in 1912 was
4,337, an increase of 16% over the previous year. 80% of the
children were under 13 years of age, showing that the school
playgrounds which are used at all are being used now under the
general policy recommended in this report. The social centers
during the winter of 1912 reached an average daily attendance of
about 250, of which about 75% were between the ages of 15 and
17. Since the Park Department is not giving supervised recrea-
tion this shows that the young working group is not being
reached for either indoor or outdoor recreation.
In addition to securing more space around many of the
buildings, care needs to be taken in the placing of new buildings
so that the mistake is not repeated which is found in certain of
the present school lots, where from one-third to one-half of the
play space is wasted by the placing of the building on the lot.
For indoor facilities, much saving can be accomplished for the
city by equipping new buildings with either gymnasiums or con-
vertible auditoriums, with class rooms convertible to club use by
employment of movable seats, and with heat and light connec-
tions for basement play rooms. This will not cost one-third of
the expense of special buildings for neighborhood use.
(3) From one-fourth to one-third the area of every neigh-
borhood is taken up by the streets. Many of these streets are
used only by light traffic. By reserving certain of the light
traffic streets for play, under supervision during certain hours,
immediate needs of the city could be met without at once incur-
ring large expense of providing adequate special facilities. The
children are already using the streets some, and under super-
vision, would use them to greater advantage with less interfer-
ence with traffic.
(4) Five of the branch libraries have auditoriums, and at
least three of these have club rooms also. The three branch
libraries now under construction all have auditoriums and club
39
rooms. 63% of the Public Library circulation is fiction, the read-
ing of which is a form of recreation. Through its story-telling
hours, clubs, etc., the Library is doing considerable recreation
work at present. Here, as with other departments, the first prob-
lem is to use the facilities nearer to their possibilities.
(5) At present, recreation facilities are divided between
four or five different departments. The facilities are not being
used to the limit of their capacity. The first problem is to pro-
vide such supervision that they can be used nearer to the limit
of their capacity and also provide the additional facilities needed
to catch up with the city’s requirements.
At least 70,000 children and young people under 25 years of
age need some help from a public recreation department. This
is in addition to adults over 25 years of age. The school enroll-
ment last year was about 56,000. In numbers influenced, in hours
influenced, and in importance of influence on character, the task
of a recreation department is not less than that of a school
department.
For success and efficiency in the administra-
tion of Detroit's recreation system, it should
be unified in the hands of one board. The essentials for success
of any system are, first, a properly constituted administrative
board in charge of the work as a whole; second, a capable and
tactful Recreation Superintendent responsible to this board, with
sufficient assistants; third, adequate funds assured from year to
year so that a definite policy can be followed in the development
of the recreation system. For Detroit this can be secured best
by a Recreation Commission made up of the Superintendent of
Schools, Park Commissioner, Chief of Police, Librarian of the
Public Library and possibly the Commissioner of Public Works
and two citizens appointed by the Mayor. This Commission
would have power, in co-operation with these and other boards,
to use the facilities which the city already has in its various de-
partments to the limit of their capacity for recreational purposes,
without seriously interfering with the use of these facilities for
the other purposes for which they were at first designed. It
would also seek to secure additional facilities under the respec-
tive departments and would handle the inspection of commercial
recreation, adopting the present method of inspection under the
Police Department, extending it to other forms of commercial
recreation, and adding to the inspection a constructive point of
V1&W.
Administration
The five most important steps in securing an
.ºº::" adequate recreation system for Detroit are:
Recreation System .. (1) Securing in the city charter a Recrea-
For Detroit tion Commission with power and funds.
(2) The securing of a competent, well-
trained and tactful Recreation Superintendent to build up the
recreation system with a definite policy.
40
(3) The securing of sufficient assistants to bring about the
wider use of school yards, streets, school buildings, park prop-
erty and library facilities on the policy outlined in detail in this
report. e
(4) The securing of at least one play field of at least five
acres in the southern part of the East Side and of one additional
large play field in the middle of the West Side, midway between
Ferry Field and Clark Park. -
(5) The securing of additional space around school build-
ings in the order of the need indicated in the body of the report
and of space in the outlying districts to meet the growth of the
city, as outlined in the recommendations of the City Plan Com-
1111SS1O11.
41
APPENDIX
TABLES AND MAPS
Table I
DENSITY AND DISTRIBUTION OF YOUTHFUL POPULATION
(5 years and under 20 years)
Ward District Acres 1912 School Census |Density School Popu-
* lation per acre
1. 1 699,50 2027 2.9
2 437. 70 1624 3.7
2 1 457.31 (1) 1097 2.3
2 329. 14 768 2.3
3 1 147.90 918 6.2
2 58.56 1207 20.6
3 54.23 1145 21. 1
4. 172.50 1021 5.9
5 232.94 1128 4.8
4. 1 199.06 831 4. 1
2 194.74 1186 5. 1
3 551.59 1877 3.4
5 1 136.82 888 6.4
2 78.88 2019 25.5
3 69.01 1502 21.7
4 97.37 1490 15.3
5 112.17 777 6.9
6 245.90 1080 4.3
6 1 1 16.49 754 6.4
2 82.57 749 9.0
3 104. 16 761 7.3
4. 97.37 814 8. 3
5 401.21 1009 2.5
7 1 151.60 1578 10.4
2 129.43 1481 11.4
3 38.84 685 17.6
4 384.57 1610 4. 1
8 1 221.86 1165 5.2
2 167.64 1341 7. 9
3 168.09 (2) 102.7 6.1
4 464. 07 1166 2.5
9 1 157. 16 1229 7.8
2 99.84 1003 10.0
3 97.99 1147 11.7
4 69.05 1512 21.8
5 83.62 1694 20.2
6 104, 77 1953 18.6
7 283. 49 1800 6.3
10 1 215. 73 1234 5.7
2 144.21 850 5.8
3 131.86 1068 8.0
4. 96.14 865 8.9
S 170. 13 809 4.7
6 385.31 1521 3.9
11 1 160.26 1212 7.5
2 99.84 1121 11.2
3 88, 73 1525 17. 1
4. 95.02 (3) 1795 18.8
5 134.33 1606 11.9
12 1 252.07 1317 5.2
2 155.93 1477 9.4
3 93.67 1323 14. 1
4 124.52 1451 11.6
5 432.76 (4) 1527 3.5
13 1 164.57 (5) 810 4.9
2 101.69 (5) 1341 13.1
3 105.39 1158 10.9
4. 96.75 1135 11.7
5 166.42 2248 13.5
6 246.53 1835 7.4
(1) Does not Cass Park.
(2) Does not Scripps Park.
(3) Does not Perrien Park.
(4) Does not Ferry Field.
(5) Does not Elmwood and Mt. Elliott Cemeteries.

45
TABLE I — Continued

Ward District Acres 1912 School Census Peººple
14 1 291.04 (6) 1250 4.2
2 275.47 1531 5.5
3 224.99 1698 7.5
4. 564.58 2111 3.9
15 1 361. 18 1873 5. 1
2 364. 27 1503 4. 1
3 436.35 (7) 1542 3.5
16 1 446. 22 2561 S. 7
2 346. 37 2662 7.6
3 277.38 | 2780 10.0
4 563.40 (8) 2852 5.0
17 1 312.49 (9) 1575 5.0
2 366.74 (10) 1698 4.6
3 412. 34 1860 | 4.5
4 594. 14 { 3279 5.5
S 756.87 2229 2.9
6 2,404.62 2051 .8
18 1 413.57 (11) 1052 2.5
2 634. 19 1818 2.8
3 1,010.81 1615 1.6
4 751.93 (12) 1683 2.2
5 986. 13 | 1757 1 .. 7
(6) Does not include Clark Park.
(7) Does not include German Lutheran Cemetery.
§ Does not include Atkinson Park.
(9) Does not include Owen Park.
{} Does not include Water Works Park.
(11) Does not include Fort Wayne.
(12) Does not include Woodmere Cemetery.
- SUMMARY -
Areas of School Census Districts. . . . . . . : • ‘. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24,157.07 Acres
Omitted Area—Parks, Cemeteries, etc., including Belle Isle and Palmer Park 1,398.13 Acres
Grand Total. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25,555.20 Acres
39.93 Sq. Miles
Area Greenfield and Hamtramck not included in this School Census. . . . . . . . .81 Sq. Miles
Total Area of City. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40.74 Sq. Miles
Total School Census, 1912. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119,271
In Institutions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 328
Grand Total. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119,599
Table II
OUTDOOR PLAY SPACE
SOUNDINGS
Sounding I.-In Ward 5; bounded by Hastings, Superior, Russell and Watson streets.
Sounding II.-In Ward 3; bounded by Beaubien, Superior, Hastings and Benton streets.
Sounding III.-In Ward 10; bounded by Buchanan, Wabash, Magnolia and alley between Hum-
boldt and Lawton avenues.
Sounding IV.-In Ward 12; bounded by Twenty-fifth street, Warren avenue, the alley between
Lawton and Humboldt avenues and Poplar street.
Sounding V.-In Ward 13; bounded by McDougal and Grand Boulevard, Ferry, Mt. Elliott avenues
and the city line.

I II III IV V
Total area in acres. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69.01 54.23 96.14 124.52 246.53
Privately owned usable for play—
Acres. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72 . 58 3. 1 . 87 1. 17
Parcels. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 27 145 39 22
Privately owned, needs grading to be
usable for play-acres..... . . . . . . . .0 . 35 .6 2.48 17.78
Parcels. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . O 3 7 18 73
Total privately owned available for
play-acres. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72 .93 3.7 3.35 18.95
Parcels. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 30 152 57 95
Density of general population per acre 62.5–7550–62.5 37.5–50|25–37.5 12.5–25
No. children 5–15 years, inclusive. . . . . 1272 893 641 1092 1483
No. children who can play on space
now available at 300 per acre. . . . . 216 174 930 261 351
Children who must play on street or
out of district—No....... tº e e º e º º e 1056 719 O 831 1132
Per cent. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83% 80% O 76% 76%
What per cent. of city's population
live in this type of congestion. . . . . 10.2% 19.2% 17.9% 18.7% 23.7%

Table III
OBSERVATION OF CHILDREN () UT OF DOORS
PART I – W H AT THEY WERE JOOING
Sounding Working Playing Doing Nothing Total
1 38 53 1 12 203
2 18 148 248 414
3 7 107 289 403
4 12 190 524 726
5 20 63 89 172
6 S1 93 198 342
7 6 46 26 78
8 44 329 150 523
9 18 140 32 190
Total No. . . . . . 214 1,169 1,668 Grand
Per cent. . . . . . . . . . 7. O 38. 3 S4. 7 Total 3,051
PART II—WHERE THEY WERE
Sounding Street Yard Vacant Lot Scluool Yard Total
1 166 27 10 O 203
2 389 25 O O 414
3 363 30 10 O 403
4 696 26 1 3 726
S 169 3 O O 172
6 298 39 1 4 342
7 47 14 14 3 78
8 446 71 2 4 523
9 171 16 3 O 190
Total. . . . . . . . 2,745 251 8 17 Grand
Per cent... . . . . 90. () 8. 1 .. 2 ... 6 Total 3,051
Table IV

COMMERCIAL RECREATION
SUMMARY OF CAPACITY, AVERAGE WEEKLY ATTENDANCE, PERFORMANCES
AND HOURS OF DIFFERENT KINDS OF EXHIBITION AMUSEMENTS

Number Seating |Aver. Weekly Attendance|Average Hours or Per-
Type Houses Capacity formances
Number Per Cent.
Down Town Moving 9 A. M. or 1 P. M. to 11
Picture Shows 20 8,905 182,522 33.4 P. M. Daily
(1 and 3)
Neighborhood Mov- 7 to 11 P. M. daily. 1 to
ing Picture Shows 77 25,564 217,294 39.7 11 P. M. Saturday and
(2) Sunday
Resº, Vaudeville 5 6,834 82,008 14.9 14 to 28 shows per week
4
Burºus 3 3,726 37,260 6.8 14 shows per week
S
| |
Lesºte Drama 3 5,665 28,325 5.2 |8 to 10 shows per week
6
Total | 108 50,694 547,409 || 100
47
Table V
LIST OF THEATERS AND MOVING PICTURE SHOWS WITH LOCATION AND
SEATING CAPACITY AS GIVEN BY THE BUILDING DEPARTMENT, AND
TYPE OF HOUSE AS GIVEN BY POLICE DEPARTMENT
Standing Seating Type”
Street Theater Room | Capacity
(B)
531 Baker. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132 394 2
562 Baker. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78 334 2
763 Beaubien. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103 352 2
11-13 Broadway. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Comique. . . . . . . . . . . . . 93 620 1
35-9 Broadway. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Broadway. . . . . . . . . . . . 130 1602 4.
(C)
38–42 Cadillac Square. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gayety. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126 1385 5
N. W. Cor. Cadillac Sq. and Campus Martius Family. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 248 900 4.
5–15 Campus Martius. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Detroit. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178 1766 6
Canfield. . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 382 2
VOy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 370 2
Peoples. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139 385 2
Perrien. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 343 2
e e º £ tº t e º 'º º is $ $ e s tº e s tº e 26 3.11 2
Clifford. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92 365 2
Clay Avenue. . . . . . . . . 141 399 2
* * * * e g º e º e º e º e º & g º e e 66 390 2
Cll . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 357 2
Clark Park. . . . . . 100 375 2
Idle Hour. . . . . . . . . . . . 6 150 2
Liberty. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 300 2
Home. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 398 2
* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * | * * * * * * * * 290 2
Countess. . . . . . . . . . . . . 70 386 2
X. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 280 2
Unique. . . . . . . . . . . . . . None 230 1
Vaudette. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 408 3
American. . . . . . . . . . . . 28 216 2
Colonial. . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 350 2
Gratiot. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 184 950 4
East Side. . . . . . . . . . . . None 320 2
Wayne. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 330 2
Dreamland. . . . . . . . . . . 95 165 2
earl. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 300 2
Fairy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92 368 2
& s is e s tº e º e º is tº € $ e s is tº e º 140 2
Triumph. . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 300 2
a88 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 242 1
9 & © e º e º 'º e º e º ſº e º 'º e º e º s e tº º ºs e º e 100 2
Amos. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 395 3
Globe. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 669 2
Novelty. . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 145 2
885 Grand River. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Vendome. . . . . . . . . . . . 92 890 2
1267 Grand River. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Northwestern. . . . . . . . 80 . . . . . . . . 2
164 Griswold. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Garrick. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 275 1402 6
192–200 Griswold. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Miles. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 277 1632 4.
2
2
2
(J)
1381 E. Jefferson. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Only Sho. . . . . . . . . . . . 45 139
1467 E. Jefferson. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mirth. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101 187 2
1458–69 E. Jefferson. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pike's Peak. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
1472 E. Jefferson. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Riverview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
2550 E. Jefferson. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . East End. . . . . . . . . . . . 73 380 2
1922 E. Jefferson. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fort. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 380 2
2238 E. Jefferson. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Delray. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 725 2
2240 E. Jefferson. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Grande. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 444 2
(K) *
723 Kercheval. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pastime. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108 397 2
893 Kercheval. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Parkview. . . . . . . . . . . . 78 280 2
(L)
38-42 Lafayette Blvd. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Folly. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 841 5
*Numbers correspond to those under “Type" in Table IV.


48
TABLE V-Continued.
Standing| Seating Type"
Street Theater Room | Capacity
(M)
995 Mack. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mack. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105 325 2
1363 Mack. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Orpheum. . . . . . . . . . . . 130 392 2
30 Michigan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Jewel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 . . . . . . . . 2
67-71 Michigan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cadillac. . . . . . . . . . . . . 94 958 3
121 Michigan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lyric. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 308 1
318 Michigan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fun... None 160 2
375 Michigan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Brooklyn. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
418 Michigan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Milo. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . None 190 2
996 Michigan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80 356 2
785 Michigan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Market None 170 2
852 Michigan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . tar. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 288 2
1179 Michigan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Vinewood. . . . . . . . . . . . 42 180 2
1427 Michigan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Union. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 240 2
1433 Michigan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unique. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 124 2
1490 Michigan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Olympic. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 325 2
1543 Michigan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Monarch. . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 198 2
1790 Michigan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Palace. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 210 2
1829 Michigan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 | . . . . . . . . 2
1833 Michigan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . You Know. . . . . . . . . . . 38 173 2
15–9 Monroe. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Temple. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 234 1750 4.
18 Monroe. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Columbia. . . . . . . . . . . . 1 row 1100 1
at rear -
24 Monroe. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bijou. . . . . . . . . . . 24 270 1
28 Monroe. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Casino. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . None 232 1
34 Monroe. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Royale. . . . . . . . . . . . . . None 239 1.
40-4 Monroe. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . National. . . . . . . . . . . . . 116 969 1
1135-7 Mt. Elliott. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1200 2
1573 Mt. Elliott. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 345 2
(O)
230 Oakland. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dreamland. . . . . . 132 400 2
636 Oakland. . . . . 9 & e º e º s e e º e s a s e e a # * * kland. . . . . . . . . . . . . 91 364 2
180–2 Randolph. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lyceum. . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 2497 6
746 Russell. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Harmonia. . . . . . 193 270 2
1138 Russell. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . lma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 251 2. '
. (S) gº
574 St. Antoine. . . . . . . tº e º e s e e s e º ºs e e º e Pekin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77 175 2
797 St. Aubin. . . . . . tº e a tº e º e s e e º e s e e º is a Crescent. . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 200 2
360 Scotten. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
(W) º
1128 Warren W. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hippodrome. . . . . . . . . . 180 799 2
1182 Warren W. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Warren. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90 392 2
326–8 Watson. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Columbus. . . . . . . . . . . . 42 298 2
Washington Blvd. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Washington Detroit... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
80 Woodward. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Avenue. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105 1500 5
98 Woodward. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Princess. . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 3.18 1
106 Woodward. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Empress. . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 306 1
191 Woodward. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Empire. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 296 1
225–9 Woodward. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hippodrome. . . . . . . . . . None 250 1
231-3 Woodward. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Majestic. . . . . . . . . . . . . Oſle 654 1
299-301 Woodward....... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Grand Circus. . . . . . . . & tº e º 'º e º e º e º 'º e º $ tº e 3
303 Woodward. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Park. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 275 1.
727–9 Woodward. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Garden. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 835 3
1474 Woodward. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . None 204 2

*Numbers correspond to those under “Type” in Table IV.
49
Table VI
LIST OF POOL AND BILLIARD ROOMS, BOWLING ALLEYS, SHOOTING
GALLERIES, PENNY ARCADES, SKATING RINKS, AS GIVEN BY THE
I,ICENSE BUREAU (DF THE POLICE DEPARTMENT
707 East Forest
153 Monroe
Cor. Michigan
and Third
1272 Gratiot
156 Champlain
1469 Michigan
161 Monroe
1084 Hastings
1489 Chene
196 Gratiot
622 E. Canfield
1371 E. Jefferson
300 Antoine
2229 W. Jefferson
765 Franklin
161 Cass
46 Monroe
1171 Russell
570 Monroe
1217 Russell
1211 Michigan
434 E. Ferry
883 Russell
1126 Chene
1470 Michigan
1129% Riopelle
996 Mt. Elliott
572 Rivard
1588 Gratiot
31 Farmer
1602 Gratiot
450 Dix
403 Dubois
996 Michigan
831 Grand River
986 St. Aubin
175 Grand River
1014 St. Aubin
241 Beaubien
97 Michigan
160 Randolph
2665 W. Fort
512 E. Canfield
726 Franklin
743 Woodward
1151 Mt. Elliott
326 Grand River
216 Griswold
849 Franklin
410 Dix
1111 St. Aubin
1173 Russell
803 Hastings
845 Riopelle
260 Beaubein
1565 Mt. Elliott
POOL ROOMS
182 Merrick
912 Michigan
1567 Michigan
861 McDougall
750 Franklin
1101 Michigan
1765 Michigan
2290 W. Fort
1568 Dubois
4 Second
157 Monroe
221 Brush
218 Baker
316 Rivard
700 Gratiot
553 Chene
770 Livernois
273 Mitchell
636 Medbury
298 Hastings
175 Franklin
681 Gratiot
370 Myrtle
764 20th St.
1284 Michigan
830 Franklin
148 Randolph
2146 W. Jefferson
769 Grand River
318 Hastings
189 Gratiot
173 Monroe
86 Gratiot
193 Wight
1345 Grand River
30 Library
19 Cadillac Sq.
173 E. Fort
1645 Gratiot
1353 McKinley
1207 Helen
1269 Harper
480 Dix
1469 E. Jefferson .
444 Grand River
224 Randolph
433 Franklin
248 S. Biddle
32 Lafayette
259 Gratiot
161 E. Milwaukee
162 Michigan
419 Frederick
45 Monroe
6 Clinton
285 Jefferson
225 Cass
468 St. Aubin
952 Grand River
187 Grand River
121 Michigan
266 Grand River
38 Lafayette
122-4 Woodward
42 Woodward
861 Dix
1464 Scotten
175 First
874 Kercheval
1103 Riopelle
80 E. Congress
1558 Dubois
1665 Mt. Elliott
571 Michigan
400 Crane
304 Woodward
509 Myrtle
669 Warren
223 E. Jefferson
982 Harper
737 23rd St.
1498 Concord
227 Brush
52 Monroe
922 Trombly
1467 Woodward
465 Monroe
247 Randolph
462 Dix
1010 Clay
1281 McDougall
429 Milwaukee
289 Clinton
197 Michigan
300 29th St.
566 Baker
811 Franklin
950 E. Jefferson
1296 W. Fort
1274 W. Fort
584 Dix
958 Mack
1400 W. Fort
1986 W. Jefferson
936 Mack
1075 Russell
1221 Russell
899 Kercheval
1081 Piquette
1578 Mt. Elliott
1253 Harper
94 Grand River
347 Hastings
812 Woodward
50
TABLE VI—POOL ROOMS-Continued
922 Michigan
1233 12th St.
Cor. McKinley
and Warren
1118 Gratiot
587 Clinton
98 Michigan
114 Grand River-
1032 St. Aubin
2536 E. Jefferson
657 Gratiot
727 Woodward
2042 Michigan
547 Beaubein
737 Fort
1247 Woodward
520 Michigan
427 Elmwood
522 Gratiot
426 Michigan
361 Poplar
32 Woodward
875 Hastings
670 Buchanan
794 23rd St.
355 Franklin
945 E. Forrest
1414 Mack
45 Grand River
437 Hastings
1514 Mt. Elliott
1149 Michigan
705 Kercheval
41 Bowen
588 Michigan
Cor. Chene
and Congress
1307 Mack
872 Kercheval
477 Lawndale
749 Franklin
817 Russell
2470 W. Jefferson
537 Antoine
2146 W. Jefferson . . . . . . .
1345 Grand River . . . . . . .
30 Library. . . . . . . . . . . .
16 Campus Martius. . . .
19 Cadillac Square. . . . . . .
32 Lafayette. . . . . . . . . .
848 Dix
356 E. Fort
262 Beaubien
394 Baker
166 Michigan
148 Rivard
1208 Rivard
108 Woodward
1504 Woodward
137 Grand River
507 Antoine
415 Frederick
350 Clay
922 Champlain
215%. Michigan
155 Monroe
102 Macomb
847 16th St.
165 Hastings
232 Gratiot
1523 E. Jefferson
802 Franklin
1204 Russell
724 Russell
1070 St. Aubin
58 Library
1431 Michigan
1197 Russell
2421 E. Jefferson
451 Concord
99 Jos. Campau
48 Monroe
1211 Michigan
1662 Woodward
610 W. Fort
29 Broadway
242 Holden
170 E. Fort
794 Antoine
723 Franklin
654. Dix
266 Holden
235 West End
BILLIARD ROOMS
1 Table 38 Lafayette
1 Table 122 Woodward
1 Table 42 Woodward
1 Table 108 Woodward
3 Tables 48 Monroe
3 Tables
3 Tables | 1108 Chene
4 Tables 32 Woodward
29 Broadway. . . . . . . . . .
100 Brush
273 Baker
1794 Michigan
1420 Michigan
1201 Gratiot
305 Monroe
866 Grand River
253 Baker
94 Junction
712 W. Fort
241 Beaubein
1374 McKinley
Cor. Hastings
and Alfred
454 Frederick
610 W. Fort
71.6 Antoine
142 Hastings
1579 Gratiot
2253 Gratiot
588 Howard
1233 McDougall
115 Dane
892 Dane
355 Franklin
271 Clinton
1451 W. Fort
787% Antoine
1073 Russell
772 Gratiot
1109 Concord
151 West End
705 Oakland
1118 Gratiot
173 Gratiot
433 Franklin
703 Concord
253 Gratiot
394 Brush
1497 Russell
1115 Trumbull
387 Gratiot
738 Franklin
51
TABLE VI—Continued.
BOWLING ALLEYS
71 West End. . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Alley 427 Elmwood. . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Alleys
251 West End. . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Alley 469 Michigan. . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Alleys
104 Tillman. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Alleys 32 Woodward. . . . . . . . . . . 14 Alleys
986 St. Aubin. . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Alleys 588 Dix. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Alleys
19 Cadillac Square. . . . . . . 8 Alleys | 1504 Woodward. . . . . . . . . . . 4 Alleys
1253 Harper. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Alleys | 1803 Michigan. . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Alleys
1464 Scotten. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Alleys 705 Kercheval . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Alleys
400 Crane. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Alleys 408 Michigan. . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Alleys
77 Moran. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Alleys 477 Lawndale. . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Alleys
789 24th St. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Alleys 214 Beaubien . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Alleys
592 Howard . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Alleys 619-21 Gratiot. . . . . . . . . . . 3 Alleys
1005 Michigan. . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Alleys 1496 W. Fort. . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Alleys
Grand River & Warren. 4 Alleys 843 16th St. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Alleys
113 Trumbull . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Alleys 136 Dearborn. . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Alley
846 Dix. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Alleys 901 14th St. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Alleys
1316 Gratiot. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Alleys 2229 W. Jefferson. . . . . . . . . 4 Alleys
602 Forest W. . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Alleys 305 Monroe. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Alleys
778 Dix. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Alleys | 588 Howard. . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Alleys
TOTAL. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117 Alleys
SHOOTING GALLERIES SKATING RINKS
48 Monroe 193 Post
24 Michigan 188 Russell
52 Woodward 1421 Jefferson
Chene and Ferry 1676 W. Fort
387 Gratiot Wayne Hotel
PENNY ARCADE
48 Monroe
SUMMARY
TOTAL NUMBER OF POOL AND BILLIARD ROOMS, BOWLING
ALLEYS, SHOOTING GALLERIES, PENNY ARCADES, SKATING
RINKS, as Given by the LICENSE BUREAU OF THE POLICE DE-
PARTMENT.
297 Pool Rooms
16 Billiard Rooms with 37 Tables
36 Bowling Alleys with 117 Alleys
5 Shooting Galleries
1 Penny Arcade
5 Roller Rinks
Table VII
PLAY SPACE IN SCHOOL YARDS PER CAPITA FOR 1912 ENROLLMENT,
WITH CONGESTION OF GENERAL AND YOUTHFUL POPULATION OF
THE NEIGHBORHOOD
Av. Con-
Av. Con- Above or gestion of Above or | Play Space
SCHOOL gestion of Below City School Below City in Present
Neigh- |Av. of 18.2|Population | Av. of 4.6 School Yds.
borhood in Neigh- per Capita
borhood
Alger. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12. S 5.7-- 3. 7 .9— 29.4
Amos. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31.2 13.0+ 5.7 1.1 + 33.4
Bagley. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56.2 38.0 + 5.8 1.2 + 26.7
Barstow. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43. 7 25.5 + 10.4 5.8 + 120.5 +1
Beard. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.2 12.0— 1.6 3.0— 36, 7
Bellefontaine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18.7 .5 + 5.7 1.1 + 116.1
Bellevue. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31.2 13.0+ 5. 1 .5 + 10. 1
Bennett. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.2 12.0— 2.2 2.4— 75.5
erry. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18.7 .5 + 4. 1 .5— 31.4
Bishop. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68.7 50.5 + 25.5 20.9 –- 35.4 #2
Brownson. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31.2 13.0+ 7.5 2.9 -- 26.0
Campau. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43.7 25.5 + 18.8 14. 2 + 19.4
Campbell. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56.2 38.0+ 21.8 17.2 + 18.7
Capron. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62.5 44.3 + 10.4 5.8 + 14.1
Cary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18. 7 .5 + 2.5 2.1— 0.0 +3
Cass Annex. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56.2 38.0+ 2.3 2.3— 0.0
Chandler. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.2 12.0— 2.9 1.7— 39.0 *4
Chaney. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43.7 25.5 + 11.5 6.9 + 38.2
lay. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50.0 31.8+ 2. 1 2.5— 15.4
Clinton. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56.2 38.0+ 6.4 1.8-|- 42.9
Clippert. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.2 12.0— 1.7 2.9— *5
Columbian. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18. 7 .5 + 3.9 .7— 15.9
Craft. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18.7 .5 + 7.5 2.9 —H. 21.8
Suster. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25.0 6.8 + 7.6 3.0+ 237.1
Dickinson. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43.7 25.5 + 6.1 1.5 + 45.7
Doty. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.5 5.7— 3.4 1.2— 64.9
Duffield. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62.5 44.3 + 7.5 2.9 + 31.3
Estabrook. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18. 7 .5 + 3.9 .7— 18.0
Everett. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43.7 25.5 + 6.2 1.6-i- 132.0
Fairbanks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.5 5.7— 3.4 1.2— 64. 2
Fairbanks Annex. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25.0 6.8 + 2.3 2.3— *6
Farrand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25.0 6.8+ 2.9 1.7— *7
Ferry. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25.0 6.8 + 11.9 7.3 + 25.0
Field. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25.0 6.8 + 5. 1 .5 + 15.1
Firnane. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31.2 13.0+ 4.9 . 3 + 32.9
Franklin. . . . . . • * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * 56.2 38.0+ 9.0 4.4 + 3. 8
Garfield. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31.2 13.0 + 15.3 10. 7 -H 14.5
George. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50.0 31.8 + 17.6 13.0 + 39.3
Gillies. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25.0 6.8 + 5.7 1.1 + 15.3
Goldberg. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.5 5.7— 2.5 2.1— 51.7
Greusel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18.7 .5 + 7.4 2.8 + 78.4
Hancock. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43.7 25.5 + 4.7 . 1 + 18.8
Harris. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56.2 38.0+ 10. 9 6.3 + 19.0
Higgins. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.2 12.0— 2.2 2.4— 106.5
Houghton. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56.2 38.0+ 6.4 1.8 –– 38. 6
Hubbard. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43.7 25.5 + 5.2 . 6+ 79.0
Irving. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31.2 13.0+ 2.3 2.3— 15.7
Jackson. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56.2 38.0 + 7.5 2.9 + 40. 3
Jefferson. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56.2 38.0+ 5. 1 .5 + 16.0
Johnston. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62.5 44.3 + 10.0 5.4 + 5. 1
Jones. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18, 7 .5 + S. 5 .9 + 23.9
Lillibridge. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.2 12.0— .8 3.8— 9.6
n . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.2 12.0— 1 .. 7 2.9— 75.8
Lyster. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.5 5.7— 10.0 5.4 + 36. 3
McGraw. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18.7 .5 + 3.5 1.1— 21. 1
McKinley. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 .. 2 13.0 + 2 : 5 2.1— 28.9
McKinstry. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 .. 2 13.0 + 7.6 3.0 28.8
McMillan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.5 5, 7– 2.5 2.1— 18.6
Maybury. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25.0 6.8 + 4.2 .4— 0.0 *8
Montieth. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18.7 .5 + 4.6 0.0 18.4
OOre. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.5 5.7— 4.3 . 3– 0.0
*1. One-half time meets in Everett School.
*2. When newly acquired land is cleared of buildings.
*3. School yard too small. Use fields beyond.
*4. When all is graded.
*5. Principal says, “Our yard is mostly commons." Size not given.
*6. Playground loaned to School temporarily. Size not given. o
º Use lots across street; 9,000 square feet, 18 square feet per capita.
Near Clark Park.
53
TABLE VII–Continued.
Play Space
in Present
per Capita
gº
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§-ſ <å eš-i väes ºir， ei es vö- tº všes-a ca oo ^^ Go uro u^ <！， oo © 6^n \O
2:3;ºs:（2$3$5$3:2:№gº;3;ę2$3:23•-， ºro º)
Above or
Below City
Av. Con-
gestion of
in Neigh-
borhood
School
| + | +-+-+-+ | ++++++++ ） { ++
oo < 1 < \Q ur) ºn tº tº oo ^• oo wae º') ON QO QQ Q CN un \C)
• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •
1—
1—
• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • * * * * * * * * *
en œ <și s-a vo <∞ → en ex oo ex uro o uro •– → <* <^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^ uro un CN un <ſº w-， º
！�—0�■ºn■ ■wae�）
Above or
Av. of 18.2|Population | Av. of 4.6 School Yds.
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Table VIII
FACILITIES FOR HOME RECREATION AS REPORTED BY GRAMMAR SCHOOL
\ PRINCIPALS, APRIL, 1913
(Column I:
Estimate of Home Recreation Opportunities by Principals)
SCHOOL I REMARKS
Alger. . . . . . . . . . . . Good. . “Best of homes provided with every form of recreation."
Amos.. . . . . . . . . . . Poor. . . . . . . . . . . . “Home conditions fair, but little attention paid to recrea-
tion.”
Bagley. . . . . . . . . . . Good. . . . . . . . . . . . “Home conditions of large majority are good."
Barstow No Report. . . . . . .
Beard. . . . . . . . . . . . No Report. . . . . . .
Bellefontaine . . . . . Poor. . . . . . . . . . . . “Majority from poor homes. Very few have books or
amusements planned for them.”
Bellevue. . . . . . . . . . No Report. . . . . . . “75% of this district affected by 5c shows,”
Bennett. . . . . Very poor. . . . . . . . “Opportunities for recreation very poor indeed."
Berry. . . . . . . . . . . . d. . . . . . . . . . . . “Our pupils come from good middle-class homes and a great
deal is done for them.”
Bishop. . . . . . . . . . . Poor. . . . . . . . . . . . “Home conditions not favorable for recreation or amuse-
ment.”
Brownson. . . . . . . ... [Poor. . . . . . . . . . . . “They live in cottages or two-story frame houses, yards in
§ In a number of cases two families living in one
ouse.”
Campau. . . . . . . . . . [Fair. . . . . . . . . . . . . “Home conditions fair. Majority have yards and many
- have piano or organ in home. Perrien Park is two
blocks from School.”
Campbell. . . . . . . . . Very poor. . . . . . . . “Home conditions not conducive to high standard of mor-
ality. A few favored ones belong to the Y. M. C. A
or Social Turnvereins.”
Capron. . . . . . . . . . . None............ “There are no advantages for home recreation worth men-
tioning.”
Cary. . . . . . . . . . . . . 95% fair. . . . . . . . . “About 95% of the children come from comfortable homes.”
Cass Annex. . . . . . No report. . . . . . . .
Chandler. . . . . . . . . None. . . . . . . . . . . . "This jº no opportunities for recreation other than “free
e s'.”
Chaney. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . “Most of the children have yards in which to play.”
Clay. Fair. . . . . “Nearly all have good homes.”
Clinton. . . . . . . . . . Very poor. . . . . . . . “Live mostly in tenement houses.”
Clippert. . . . . . . . . . Few. . . . . . . . . . . . . “Opportunities few.”
Columbian. . . . . . . Fair. . . . . . . . . . . . “The majority of homes are of the very good, sensible kind.”
Craft. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . No report.
Custer. . . . . . . . . . . Very poor... . . . . . “Homes are small; usually two families in one house.”
Dickinson. . . . . . . . Fair. . . . . . . . . . . . . “Good comfortable homes.”
Doty. . . . . . . . . . . . Fair. . . . . . . . . . . . . “Pupils come from homes of well-to-do, intelligent middle
Duffield.... . . . . . . [Fair. . . . . . . . . . . . “Come from homes of working people in medium circum-
* stances with fairly good opportunities.”
Estabrook... . . . . . Good...... . . . . . . “An English speaking neighborhood; very good homes, good
books and music. Much time for outdoor life.”
Everett. . . . . . . . . . Few. . . . . . . . . . . . . “Few opportunities for home recreation.”
Fairbanks. . . . . . . . Very limited. . . . . “Home conditions very good; opportunities for home recre-
ation very limited. Many live in flats, apartments and
e terraces, small space for play.”
Fairbanks Annex. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . No report.
Farrand. . . . . . . . . . Good. . . . . . . . . . . . “Good opportunities for home recreation.”
Ferry. . . . . . . . . . . . Very poor. . . . . . . . “Home conditions are poor. There is little opportunity for
e home recreation.”
Field. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . O report.
Firnane. . . . . . . . . . Good. . . . . . . . . . . . “Generally favorable for home recreation.”
Franklin. . . . . . . . . None. . . . . . . . . . . . “A rooming house district. We should have a very large
playground for this down-town section.”
Garfield. . . . . . . . . . Fair. . . . . . . . . . . . . “Homes are mostly fair.”
George. . . . . . . . . . . None. . . . . . . . . . . . “Comparatively no chance, except those afforded by the
street.”
Gillies. . . . . . . . . . . . Poor. . . . . . . . . . . . “This is a manufacturing section and our children come from
the homes of the poor working class. Many have
pianos and own their own homes. The children
spend a great deal of money on the five and ten cent
º theaters. They have few books in their homes.”
Goldberg. . . . . . . . . Fine. . . . . . . . . . . . . “Middle class; good homes; fine opportunities for home
recreation.”
Greusel. . . . . . . . . . Fair. . . . . . . . . . . . “Home conditions fair in some homes and none so far as
None recreation goes in others. Some good homes.”
Hancock. . . . . . . . . Good. . . . . . . . . . . . “Home conditions good.”
Harris. . . . . . . . . . . Fair. . . . . . . . . . . . . “Home conditions comfortable."
Higgins. . . . . . . . . . Fair.... . “Opportunities for home recreation fairly good."
Houghton. . . . . . . . Poor. . . . . . . . . . . . “Very little opportunity for home recreation.”
Hubbard. . . . . . . . . Good. . . . . . . . . . . . “Live in houses with large yards. Clark Park is near where
many go during the ball and skating seasons. The
Boulevard also furnishes ample room for recreation.”

55
TABLE Vill-Continued.
SCHOOL I REMARKS
Irving. . . . . . . . . . . Excellent. . . . . . . . “Excellent opportunities for home recreation.”
Jackson. . . . . . . . . . Very poor. . . . . . . . “Majority of pupils live in the congested district below Jef-
ferson avenue, and have no place to play except on the
narrow crowded streets.”
Jefferson. . . . . . . . . Good. . . . . . . . . . . . “Home conditions usually comfortable and wholesome."
Johnston. . . . . . . . . None. . . . . . . . . . . . “All have to play in the streets.”
OneS. . . . . . . . . . . . Fair. . . . . . . . . . . . . “The homes are those of comfortably off working people.”
Lillibridge. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not given.
8am. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not given.
Lyster. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not returned.
McGraw. . . . . . . . . Fair. . . . . . . . . . . . . “Nearly all of the pupils have good homes.”
McKinley. . . . . . . . [Good. . . . . . . . . . . . “Children have good opportunities for play and recreation.”
McKinstry. . . . . . . Fair. . . . . . . . . . . . . “The conditions in the homes of the large majority of the
pupils for home recreation are favorable.”
McMillan. . . . . . . . Very poor. . . . . . . . “Home conditions very poor. No recreation outside of Sol-
vay Gymnasium.”
Maybury. . . . . . . . . Fair. . . . . . . . . . . . . & 0 P. for play."
Montieth. . . . . . . . . Plenty. . . . . . . . . . . “Plenty of opportunity for home recreation. Water Works
and Owen Parks within easy reach.”
Moore. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not given
Morley. . . . . . . . . . . 80% none... . . . . . “There is little opportunity for wholesome home recreation
for more than 20% of the pupils.”
Newberry. . . . . . . . Poor. . . . . . . . . . . . “Small yard or street to play in.”
Nichols. . . . . . . . . . Very poor. . . . . . . . “Homes very modest but comfortable. Little in way of
ks or educative interest. Moving picture shows
of neighborhood well patronized.”
Norvell. . . . . . . . . . Very poor. . . . . . . . “Opportunity for home recreation in majority of cases
extremely limited."
Owen. . . . . . . . . . . . Average. . . . . . . . . “Home conditions middle class; average.”
Palmer. . . . . . . . . . . Fair. . . . . . . . . . . . . “Opportunities for recreation at home fairly good.”
Parke. . . . . . . . . . . . Meager. . . . . . . . . . “Opportunities for home recreation are meager.”
Pingree. . . . . . . . . . d . “Homes are almost without exception comfortable. The
recreation problem is one of proper direction. They
º & are willing to do, but do not know what to provide.”
Pitcher. . . . . . . . . . . Fair. . . . . . . . . . . . . “With very few exceptions, they have yards at their homes,
º in which they play.”
Poe. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fair. . . . . . . . . . . . . “Many small children living on Prentiss, Lysander and Gib-
e son lack playground.”
Potter. . . . . . . . . . . Very little. . . . . . . “The majority of these children have very little home recre-
ation, as they are required to take care of the smaller
ones at home."
Preston. . . . . . . . . . Very little. . . . . . . “Majority of our pupils come from poor homes and have
very little opportunity for recreation.”
Roberts. . . . . . . . . . Poor. . . . . . . . . . . . “Need of a playground is very great.”
Rose. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not reported. -
Russell. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not reported.
Russell Annex. . . . |None. . . . . . . . . . . . “Practically no opportunities for home recreation.”
Scripps. . . . . . . . . . . aried. . . . . . . . . . . “With the exception of a small number, living on Kercheval
Avenue, they have varied opportunities for home rec-
reation.”
Sill. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not stated e
Smith. . . . . . . . . . . . Few. . . . . . . . . . . . . “Many homes furnished with pianos or phonographs. Pu-
pils have few books or games at home.”
Tappan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not reported
Thomas. . . . . . . . . . Fair to good. . . . . “Home conditions fair to good.”
Tilden. . . . . . . . . . . Good. . . . . . . . . . . . “75% have comfortable homes supplied with opportunities
or recreation.”
Trowbridge. . . . . . . Fair..... tº sº e e s e s a “Most of these children in fairly comfortable circumstances."
Van Dyke. . . . . . . . Plenty. . . . . . . . . . . “There are plenty of opportunities for home recreation.”
Washington. . . . . . Very limited . . . . . “Home recreation opportunities very limited.”
Webster... . . . . . . . —West. . . . . “Home conditions are good in the Western section and fair
Fair—East....... in the Eastern part of district.”
Wilkins. . . . . . . . . . None... . . . . . . . . . “No form of home recreation.”
Williams. . . . . . . . . [Good. . . . . . . . . . . . “We have principally the average German household, com-
fortable and simple. The children are well cared for."
Wingert. . . . . . . . . . 80% good....... . “75% or 80% are well housed and fed.”
56
Table IX
NATIONALITIES OF PUPILS IN DIFFERENT GRAMMAR SCHOOLS AS RE-
PORTED BY SCHOOL PRINCIPALS, APRIL, 1913
SCHOOL NATIONALITY REMARKS
Alger. . . . . . . . . . 80% American. . . . . . . . . . .
Amos.. . . . . . . . . 85% American. . . . . . . . . . . “15% German or Canadian.”
Bagley. . . . . . . . . American. . . . . . . . . . . “With few exceptions.”
Barstow. . . . . . . . 34% American. . . . . . . . . . . -
32% Italian. . . . . . . . . . . . . . “Remaining 34% represents 17 different nationali-
ties.”
Beard. . . . . . . . . . 40% German. . . . . . . . . . . . .
10% French. . . . . . . . . . . . . . “A few Hungarians and Poles; the others American.”
Bellefontaine. . . % American. . . . . . . . . . .
1% Hungarian. . . . . . . . . .
3% English. . . . . . . . . . . . .
2% Dutch. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2% Polish. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Bellevue. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . “Very few of the foreign element.”
Bennett. . . . . . . . .30% English. . . . . . . . . . . . . “60% are of German parentage whose parents were
born here. 10% scattered French, Polish, etc."
Berry. . . . . . . . . . 50% German. . . . . . . . . . . . . "soº, American, English, Irish, Scotch, French,
Ul .”
Bishop.... Hebrews. . . . . . . . . . . . “Almost all are Hebrews with a small percentage of
Italians, Negroes and Americans.”
Brownson. . . . . . 85% German... . . . . . . . . . . "is: º Hungarians, Russian Jews and Hol-
and erS.
Campau. . . . . . . 37% German . . . . . . . . . . . .
47% Polish. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3%, Russianand Bohemian
12% English and American
1% French, Dutch, Scotch
and Irish. . . . . . . . . . . .
Campbell . . . . . . 75% Polish. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Capron. . . . . . . . $3% Jewish. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
33% Italian. . . . . . . . . . . . . . “Many colored children, some Syrians, Greeks, etc.
Most of the American born children are of Ger-
man parentage."
Cary. . . . . . . . . . German..... . . . . . . . . “The German element predominates."
Cass Annex Not reported.
Chandler. . . . . . . 50% German. . . . . . . . . . . .
$3% American. . . . . . . . . . .
Chaney. . . . . . . . § German. . . . . . . . . . . .
35% American. . . . . . . . . . .
3% English. . . . . . . . . . . . .
19% scattering. . . . . . . . . . .
Clay. . . . . . . . . . . 75% American. . . . . . . . . . .
35% }: * * is e º e º 'º e e s s e e
Clinton. . . . . . . . 35% Jewish. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
30% Italian. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
15% Colored. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Żó% German, Hungarian
and English. . . . . . . . .
Clippert. . . . . . . “Many nationalities."
Columbian. . . . . “Cosmopolitan neighborhood.”
raft. . . . . . . . . . 60% German. . . . . . . . . . . . . “The remainder Poles, Bohemians, with a fair sprin'
º ling of American born.”
Custer. . . . . . . . . 95% Polish. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Dickinson. . . . . . Americans. . . . . . . . . . “All American, English speaking.”
Doty. . . . . . . . . . Americans. . . . . . . . . .
Duffield. . . . . . . . .75% Americans. . . . . . . . . .
5% German . . . . . . . . . . . .
§§ Canadian. . . . . . . . . . .
5% French. . . . . . . . . . . . .
5% English, Scotch and *
Irish. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5% other nationalities... .
Estabrook. . . . . . .95% Americans. . . . . . . . . .
3% German. . . . . . . . . . . .
2% French, Bohemian,
and Russian. . . . . . . . .
Everett. . . . . . . . 24.5% American. . . . . . . . . .
7.5% fji.... . . . .
sšö% faiian'............
3.3% Colored. . . . . . . . . . .
2% Greek... . . . . . . . . . . . .
Fairbanks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . “Mostly English, also German, Scotch and Irish.”
Fairbanks Annexl. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . No report.
Farrand. . . . . . . . .96% American. . . . . . . . . . . *
ić. Canadian. . . . . . . . . . .
1% Scotch. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3% English.............
57
TABLE IX - Continued.
SCHOOL NATIONALITY REMARKS
Ferry. . . . . . . . . . 87% Polish. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Field . . . . . . . . . . American. . . . . . . . . . . “Mostly American parentage; small percentage
German parentage."
Firnane. . . . . . . . American. . . . . . . . . . .
Franklin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . “Nearly all American."
Garfield. . . . . . . . 33%% Hebrew. . . . . . . . . . . [“6633% American, Polish, Greek, Italian, German,
Hungarian, about equally divided.”
George. . . . . . . . . 75% Russian. . . . . . . . . . .
12% Colored. . . . . . . .
Gillies . . . . . . . . . 20% German . . . . . . . . . . . .
10% English. . . . . . . . . . . . .
5% Hollanders, Russians. “Balance from Canada and U. S."
Goldberg. . . . . . . American. . . . . . . . . . .
Greusel. . . . . . . . 75% Polish. . . . . . . . . . e •
25% Americans, Germans,
English and Scotch. .
Hancock. . . . . . . American. . . . . . . . . . . “Chiefly American, a few German."
Harris. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . “Greater part of German extraction, 80% I should
estimate.”
Higgins. . . . . . . . 18% American. . . . . . . . . . .
2% Jewish. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
45% German . . . . . . . . . . . .
1% Hungarian. . . . . . . . . .
12% English. . . . . . . . . . . . .
2% Scotch. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6% French. . . . . . . . . . . . .
33% Dutch. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2% Polish. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6% Irish . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . & & º
Houghton. . . . . . English. . . . . . . . . . . . . “NO É. element worth mentioning, nationality
* IlgllSI).
Hubbard. . . . . . . American . . . . . . . . . . . “Most of our pupils are Americans."
Irving . . . . . . . . . 100% English. . . . . . . . . . . .
Jackson. . . . . . . . .40% American . . . . . . . . . . . “More than 50% are Hungarians, Roumanians and
- Servians; about 10% Belgians, Germans."
Jefferson. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . “Nearly all thoroughly Americanized.”
Johnston. . . . . . . .75% German . . . . . . . . . . . .
25% Italians and Syrians. .
Jones. . . . . . . . . . Americans. . . . . . . . . . “The nationality is practically American; the third
generation of Germans."
Lillibridge. . . . . . Americans. . . . . . . . . . “Mostly Americans; a few Belgians.”
Logan. . . . . . . . . 75% German. . . . . . . . . . . . .
5% American. . . . . . . . . . .
20% Hungarian. . . . . . . . . . |
Lyster. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |No report.
McGraw. . . . . . . Americans. . . . . . . . . . “All Americans with exception of five or six pupils."
McKinley. . . . . . Americans. . . . . . . . . . “Americans of middle class."
McKinstry. . . . . 75% Germans. . . . . . . . . . . .
McMillan. . . . . . Hungarians. . . . . . . . .
Maybury. . . . . . 67% Americans. . . . . . . . . .
33% Germans. . . . . . . . . . . .
Montieth . . . . . . Americans. . . . . . . . . . “Well-to-do Americans.”
Moore. . . . . . . . . 60% Americans. . . . . . . . . .
10% German. . . . . . . . . . . .
10% English • e º e º e s e º 'º e º s |
15% Canadian. . . . . . . . . . . “5% uncertain—partly French, Indian and Negro."
Morley. . . . . . . . 20% German . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25% Hungarian. . . . . . . . . . .
10% French . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
12% Polish. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25% American, English,
Irish and Scotch. . . . .
Newberry. . . . . . 11% Jewish. . . . . . . . . . - - - -
25% American. . . . . . . . . . .
27% German . . . . . . . . . . . .
30% Polish. . . . . . . . . . . . . . “7% scattering.''
Nichols. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . “Largely children of German, French or Belgian par-
entage—few strictly American—about 15% for-
eigners, recently arrived from Belgium.''
Norvell. . . . . . . . 80% German . . . . . . . . . . . . “The remainder of different nationalities.”
Owen. . . . . . . . . . American. . . . . . . . . . . “Largely English-American.”
Palmer . 95% American. . . . . . . . . . .
Parke. . . . . . . . . . 50% Polish. . . . . . . . . . . . . . ſ
30% American. . . . . . . . . . .
20% German . . . . . . . . . . . .
Pingree. . . . . . . . 53% American. . . . . . . . . . . :
75% Italian... . . . . . . . . . . .
19% German. . . . . . . . . . . . .
3% English. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
TABLE IX— Continued.
SCHOOL NATIONALITY REMARKS
2% French. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1% Dutch. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6% Belgian. . . . . . . . . . . . .
º % Irish. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1%% Swiss. . . . . . . . . . . . . . e *
Pitcher. . . . . . . . g American. . . . . . . . . . . “Nearly all of the children born in this country,
probably 90%; at least 60% of their parents are
of foreign birth.” -
Poe. . * e e American. . . . . . . . . . .
Potter. . . . . . . . 29% German. . . . . . . . . . . . .
20% American. . . . . . . . . . . .
19% English. . . . . . . . . . . . .
15% Polish. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
17% Bohemian. . . . . . . . . . .
Preston. . . . . . . . 92% American. . . . . . . . . . .
8% English, Scotch and
German. . . . . . . . . . .
Roberts. . . . . . . . 80% Jewish. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
10% Gentile. . . . . . . . . . . . .
10% Colored. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Rose. . . . . . . . . . . German-American... .
Russell. . . . . . . . . 33%% Jews. . . . . . . “33%% made up of all classes, as Polish, German,
33%% Italians. . . . . . . . . . . colored, etc."
Russell Annex... 75% Jewish. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
* 20% Italian. . . . . . . . . . . . . . i"Remainder scattering."
Scripps. . . . . . . . 66%% Americans. . . . . . . . .
e 33%% Belgians. . . . . . . . . .
Sill. . . . . . . . . . . % German... . . . . . . . . . .
40% Polish. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
& 20% American. . . . . . . . . . .
Smith. . . . . . . . . rman-American... . e
Tappan. . . . . . . Americans. . . . . . . . . . . “American; British-American; a few Armenians.”
Thomas 60% American. . . . . . . . . . .
33% German...... . . . . . . .
§ 2/5% English. . . . . . . . . . .
2 2/5% Scotch. . . . . . . . . . .
g 2 1/5% Polish. . . . . . . . . . . *
Tilden. . . . . . . . . American. . . . . . . . . . . “American born children.”
Trowbridge. . . . . 34% Jews.... . . . . . . . . . . . .
27% Polish. . . . . . . . . . . . . . * º
Van Dyke. . . . . . American. . . . . . . . . . . “Mostly American born children of German, Belgian
and American parentage. A few pupils are foreign
born.”
Washington... Jewish. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Webster... . . . . . American. . . . . . . . . . . “Mostly American.”
Wilkins. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . “Irish, English and American."
Williams s e º e º s º 75% German • * * * * * * * * * * * * -
20% American. . . . . . . . . . .
& š% Polish. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wingert. . . . . . . . American. . . . . . . . . . . “Largely American."
59
Table X
FACILITIES IN SCHOOL PLANT AS REPORTED BY GRAMMAR SCHOOL PRIN-
CIPALS
PART I—OPEN SPACE ROOMS-SIZE AND FLOOR LOCATION
(Dimensions given in feet)

School Kinder- Floor Assembly | Floor Corridor | Floor Basement
garten Room Playroom
Alger. . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 x 31} 1 70 x 17% 1 |. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
40 x 23 +
72 x 1.7% 2
Amos. . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 x 51 1 |. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Bagley. . . . . . . . . . . . 31 x 23 1 ! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . e < *
Barstow. . . . . . . . . . . 26} x 29} 1 |. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Up. and Low. . . . . . 2 (20x29)
Beard. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120 x 16 1 |. . . . . . . . . . . . .
120 x 16 2 2 (22x26)
Bellefontaine... . . . . 23 x 27 1 ! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Bellevue. . . . . . . . . #1 48 x 34 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 (32x32)
Bennett. . . . . . . . . . . 40 x 42 | . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 4 x 100 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . .
14 X 100 2
2 (9 x 33) *9| 2
Berry. . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 x 24 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72 x 16 1 |. . . . . . . . . . . . .
72 x 16 2
Bishop. . . . . . . . . . . . 35 x 50 1 | . . . . . . e e o s e s ] e s a s = | * e < e < e s e e s e º | * * * * * | * * * * * * * * * * * * *
Brownson. . . . . . . . . 15 x 26 | . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22x30
Campau. . . . . . . . . . . 24 x 55 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . i. . . * , | * * * * * * * * * * * * | * * * * * 2 (29x38)
Campbell. . . . . . . . . . 32 x 46 1 | . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Long 1 32x30
Capron. . . . . . . . . . . . 50 x 27 1 ! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Cary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 x 50 1 | . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 x 60 1 1. . . . . . . . . . . . .
18 x 60 2
Cass Annex. . . . . . *2]. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Chandler... . . . . . . . 30 x 50 *3| 1 | . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 x 104 1 |. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Chaney. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . #:
Clay. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22x 36 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . : §§
Clinton. . . . . . . . . . *4!. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... • * * * * * * * * *
Clippert. . . . . . . . . . . 36 x 40 1 | . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Small
Columbian. . . . . . . . & 29 x 40 l. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Craft. . . . . . . . . . . *4]. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Custer. . . . . . . . . . *51. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Dickinson. . . . . . . . . 23 x 31 1 | . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 (22x18)
oty. . . . . . . . . . . . *6l. . . . . . . . . . . . 1 | . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Duffield . . . . . . . . . . 30? X 20% . . . . . 31 x 28 *7| 2 | . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65x38
*8| 3
Estabrook... . . . . . . . 30 x 21 1 |. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 (30x24).
Everett. . . . . . . . . . . 26} x 29% 1 | . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Up. and Low. . . . . . 2 (20x29)
Fairbanks. . . . . . . . . 25 x 30 | . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 10 x 15 | . . . . . 2 (25x35)
Fairbanks Annex *2]. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Farrand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 (20x20)
Ferry. . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 x 30 1 | . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93 x 10 1 |. . . . . . . . . . . . .
93 x 10 2
Field. . . . . . . . . . . . ‘. 33 x 47 l. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22x38
Firnane. . . . . . . . . . . 23 x 35 | . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Franklin. . . . . . . . . . . 40 x 50*11 || 2 | . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 x 40*10] . . . . . 30x50 (B)
30x90 (G)
Garfield. . . . . . . . . . . 30 x 22 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 x 17 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . .
39 x 17 2 37x38
George. . . . . . . . . . . . 40} x 36 . . . . . 40} x 36 2 2 (95 x 1.3%) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Gillies. . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 x 27 1 ! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 11 x 15 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1 11 x 15 2 2 (48x33)
Goldberg. . . . . . . . . . 42 x 35 1 | . . . . . . . . . . . . # tº e º º 92 x 17 1 |. . . . . . . . . . . . .
92 x 17 2 2 (36x22)
Greusel. . . . . . . . . . . . 30 x 50 1 |. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 (23x36)
2 (4.5x15)
Hancock. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * | * * * * * Playroom
Harris. . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 x 60 2 | . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Higgins. . . . . . . . . . . 32 x 40 | . . . . . Seats abt. 300' . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . e e e º 'º e s I e º e º e e º e s tº e º &
*1 Domestic Science, 48x34, and Manual Training, 2 (23x22), not equipped.
*2 Nothing given.
*3 Opens into corridor.
*4 None.
*5 Class room only.
*6 Bicycle room for girls, 18x25. Size kindergarten room not given.
*7 Class room G.
*8 Assembly and recitation room (A) combined.
*9 Separated.
*10 Recitation room.
*11 New kindergarten on first floor, ready in September, 1913, 31x50
60
TABLE X, PART I–Continued.

School Kinder- Floor Assembly | Floor Corridor | Floor Basement
garten Room Playroom
Houghton. . . . . . . . . 39 x 39 *1 || 1 | . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 x 70 1 18x37
18 x 70 2 18x30
Hubbard. . . . . . . . . . 26 × 31 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27x33
24x24
Irving. . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 x 40 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 (30x40)
Jackson. . . . . . . . . . . 22 x 36 |. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Small . . . . . 20x25
ſefferson. . . . . . . . . . 26% x 28 1 |. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 (264x28)
ſohnston. . . . . . . . . . 24 x 32 1 |. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18x22
Jones. . . . . . . . . . . . . 30} x 49% +1 || 1 |. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1063 x 19 . . . . . 2 (39x19)
Lillibridge. . . . . . . . . 30 x 50 1 |. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
gan. . . . . . . . . . . *3 25 x 30 1 |. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Lyster. . . . . . . . . . . . 24 x 32 |. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 x 40 1 2 (26x32)
26 x 40 2 2 (22x16)
McGraw. . . . . . . . *4 32 x 23 1 |. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 x 1.5 1 41x27
75 x 15 2 35x30
McKinley. . . . . . . . . *2 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 (28x3 §
McKinstry. . . . . . . . 40 x 36 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 (23x34
McMillan. . . . . . ... *6 *2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . *2
Maybury. . . . . . . . . . 40 x 44 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 (20x30)
Monteith. . . . . . . . . . *2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Moore... . . . . . . . . . . 31 x 50 1 1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 (30x23)
Morley. . . . . . . . . . . . 50 x 60 1 1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25x40
25x33
Newberry. . . . . . . . . 30 x 50 1 |. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nichols. . . . . . . . . . . . 38 x 38 1 - . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Norvell. . . . . . . . . . *51. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Owen. . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 x 48 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Palmer. . . . . . . . . . *5 *11. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Parke.... . . . . . . . . . 50 x 29 *1| 1 | . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 x 29 | . . . . . 2 §
Pingree........ . . . . 30 x 50 *1 | 1 | . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120 x 20 | . . . . . 2 (65x45) #8
Pitcher. . . . . . . . . . *5l. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . © tº g tº
Poe. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 x 31 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Potter. . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 x 20 1 |. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Preston. . . . . . . . . . . 23 x 31 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 x 48 1 20x25
20 x 48 2 20x36
Roberts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . *2
OSè. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 x 30 1 |. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23x31
23x37
Russell. . . . . . . . . . *5l. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Russell Annex.... *5!. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Scripps. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 x 44 |. . . . . 52x29
30x36
Sill. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50x50 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 (25x35) +7
Smith. . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 x 42 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . tº $ in e º e º e º e ] e º e º e 84x126
4 areas
Tappan. . . . . . . . . . . 48 x 30 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Thomas. . . . . . . . . *5l. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Tilden. . . . . . . . . . . . 23% x 31} | . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 x 13 1 §§§
100 x 13 2 100x10(B
Trowbridge. . . . . . . . 40 x 20 ! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 (40x20)
Van Dyke. . . . . . . . . *2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23x34
Washington. . . . . . . . 30 x 45 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30x30
Webster. . . . . . . . . *5l. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wilkins. . . . . . . . . *51. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . tº wº t
Williams. . . . . . . . *5l. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wingert. . . . . . . . . . . . 1500 sq. ft. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
(760 sq. ft. ea.)
Opens into corridor.
Size not given.
Room on second floor 20x30, a library center.
Recitation room with sliding doors can be used with corridor.
Not any open space rooms.
Entertainments held in Solvay Gymnasium.
Manual training rooms (two, 24x30), unfurnished, in basement.
Girls' playroom has library station in it using space 23x40.
61
Table X
PART II—OPEN SPACE ROOMS-LIGHT CONNECTIONS
School Light Connections School Light Connections
Alger Assembly lighted Houghton Lighted
Kindergarten no lights Hubbard No lights
Amos No lights Irving Basement
Bagley No lights Kindergarten, not lighted
Barstow Basement Jackson Corridor
Beard Answer not given Jefferson Basement
Bellefontaine No lights Kindergarten, not lighted
Bellevue Domestic science ||Johnston No lights
Manual training Jones Lighted
Two playrooms, no lights Lillibridge Kindergarten.
Kindergarten, separate lights gall Answer not given
Bennett Lighted Lyster First corridor
Berry No lights Basement A
Bishop Lighted McGraw No lights
Brownson Answer not given McKinley Kindergarten
Campau Building wired, no lights Basement, not lighted
Kindergarten, separate lights ||McKinstry Kindergarten
Campbell Lighted McMillan Basement, not lighted
Capron Lighted Maybury Kindergarten
Cary Lighted Basement, not lighted
Cass Annex Answer not given Monteith Kindergarten
Chandler No lights Moore Lighted
Chaney Lighted Morley Answer not given
Clay Two playrooms Newberry Lighted
Clinton No lights Nichols Lighted
Clippert Lighted Norvel Answer not given
Columbian No lights Owen No lights
Craft No lights Palmer Answer not given
Custer Answer not given Parke Lighted
Dickinson No lights Pingree Lighted
Doty Answer not given Pitcher No lights
Duffield Basement, separate lights Poe Lighted
Estabrook Lower corridor Potter No lights
Basement corridor Preston Basement
Everett Basement Roberts No lights
Fairbanks Kindergarten, corridor Rose Kindergarten
Basement, no lights Russell Answer not given
Fairbanks Annex Answer not given Russell Annex | Answer not given
Farrand sk Scripps Lighted
Ferry Kindergarten Sill No lights
Field No lights Smith Kindergarten
Firnane Lighted Basement, not lighted
Franklin Recitation room Tappan Basement
Kindergarten Thomas No lights
Garfield Answer not given Tilden First floor corridor
George Answer not given Basement B
Gillies Lighted Trowbridge No lights
Goldberg Kindergarten Van Dyke Basement
First corridor Washington Answer not given
Greusel Lighted Webster Answer not given
Hancock Lighted Wilkins Answer not given
Harris Lighted Williams Answer not given
Higgins Lighted Wingert Kindergarten, separate lights
62
Table X
PART III—EQUIPMENT FOR RECREATIONAL USE IN GRAMMAR SCHOOL
BUILDINGS. (Other than Summer Playground Equipment.)
SCHOOL EQUIPMENT
1 Piano 4 Bars 7 Swings
2 Traveling rings 5 Volley ball 8 Basket ball
3 Dodge ball 6 Newcomb 9 Dumb bells
School 1 2 4 5 6 || 7 || 8 || 9 Specials
Alger. . . . . . . . . . 2 || 1 tº º sº I e º s I & © tº i º e º I e º º
Amos 2 || 1 . . . . . . | 1 |. . . . . . Victor Machine, stereopticon
Bagley. . . . . . . . . 1 |. . tº º e s e e i e º e : * * * e s s
Barstow. . . . . . . . 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rubber balls
Beard. . . . . . . . . . 2 | 1 . . . . . . . 2 . . . . . . . 50
Bellefontaine... . . | 2 | . . . . . . . . . | 1 |. . . . . . . . .
Bellevue. . . . . . . . . 2 . . . . * * * * * e s I & & e e e º 'º e º e Victrola
Bennett. . . . . . . . 1 | . . . . . . . . . . 2 . . . . . .
Berry tº e º e º e º e º e 2 1 tº e º i t e s ], * * * | * e º e º e © -
Bishop. . . . . . . . . 1 | . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Indian clubs, mats, horses and ladder
Brownson. . . . . . 1 | . . . . . . . . . | 1 |. . . . . .
Campau. . . . . . . . 2 | . . . . . . . . . . 2 . . . . . . *
Campbell. . . . . . . | 3 |. . . * e g : * * * . . . | 1 |. . . | Punching bag
Capron. . . . . . . . . 2 || 1 . . . . . . | 1 |...| 1 || 48 Room J, used as gymnasium
Cary. . . . . . . . . . . . 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Cass Annex. . . . . ºn tº e is e s ] e º e * * * | * e = | e º e Answer not given
Chandler. . . . . . . 2 . . . . 1 || 2 |. . .
Chaney. . . . . . . . 2 1 | . . . | 1 || 7 Sand box, climbing pole, trapese, sliding
bars, horse, 8 teeters
Clay. . . . . . . . . . . 2 . . . & © g . . . . . . . 1 . . .
Clinton . . . . . . . . 2 |. . . e tº e * * * | * * * | * * * i < * *
Clippert. . . . . . . . | 1 || 1 & s e 1 . . . . . . . . .
Columbian . . . . . i. 3 | 1 * g e 1 . . . . . . . . .
Craft. . . . . . . . . . 2 | . . . * * * 1 |. . . . . . . . .
Custer. . . . . . . . . 1 |. . . s & 8 * * * : * * * | * * * | * * *
Dickinson. . . . . . 2 . . . 1 2 || 6 || 2 |.. 4 teeters and 45 wands
Doty. . . . . . . . . . 3 || 1 . . . . . . . 2*. . . . . . . . . . 1 sandbox
Duffield. . . . . . . . 3 || 1 . . . . . . . 2 . . . . . . . . . . 1 football, 12 rubber balls
Estabrook. . . . . . 2 || 1 1 . . . 8 || 1 |100| 6 teeters, 57 wands, 1 sandbox, 1 climbing
pole, 15 rubber balls
Everett. . . . . . . . 2 . . . . tº e * * * | e s e Rubber balls
Fairbanks. . . . . . 2 || 1 gº tº 2 . . .
Fairbanks Annexl. . . . . . & º e * * * | * * * Answer not given
Farrand. . . . . . . . 1 | . . . * * * * * * | * * = 1 Pianola piano
Ferry . . . . . . . . . 2 || 1 2 || 2 || 1 || 1 1 sandbox, 1 climbing pole, 7 rubber balls
Field. . . . . . . . . . 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Firnane. . . . . . . . 2 | . . . • s e ] e < * | * * * : * * * | * * * * * * *
Franklin 1 . . . tº e : 2 . . . . . . 50 1 player piano
Garfield. . . . . . . . 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 small balls
Tge. . . . . . . . . 1 |... e e gº * * * , s e e 6 hand balls
Gillies. . . . . . . . . . . 2 . . . e tº º 3 . . .
Goldberg. . . . . . . 2 || 1 & e ſº 2 . . .
Greusel . . . . . . . . | 3 || 1 2 3 : 1 Lotto, dominoes, etc., magazines, news-
º papers, punching bag, wrestling pad,
indoor basketball, Indian clubs, jump-
ing standards, ladder, sand box, climb-
ing pole.
Hancock. . . . . . . 2 || 1 1 1 Jumping standards, sand box and climb-
ing poles, baskets for basketball.
Harris. . . . . . . . . 2 . | 1 |. Victrola, Reflectoscope and stereopticon
combined.
Higgins. . . . . . . . 2 |. . . . . . . . . . 1 . . . 50 pairs Indian clubs.
Houghton. . . . . . 3 . . . 1 |... 2 || 2 |. . .
Hubbard . . . . . . . 2 |. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 9 rubber balls.
Irving. . . . . . . . . 2 . . . ...] 1 . . . . . .
Jackson . . . . . . 2 . . . • * * * * * . . e. e s ] e s =
Jefferson. . . . . . . 1 | . . . . . . | 1 & 6 º'
Johnston . . . . . . 2 . . . • * * 1 ° º a tº º º
OſleS. . . . . . . . . . 2 | 1 4 | . . . e gº tº 1 set balls different sizes.
Lillibridge. . . . . . 2 . . . • * * : * * * * * *
gan . . . . . . . . . 2 1 1 Graphaphone.
* Posts for courts.
63
TABLE X-PART THREE–Continued.
School 1 || 2 || 3 || 4 || 5 || 6 || 7 || 8 || 9 Specials
Lyster. . . . . . . . . tº & Footballs and bean bags have been pro-
vided by the teachers.
McGraw. . . . . . . 2 || 1 tº º º 2 | . . .
McKinley. . . . . . 2 . . . . & e 3 . . . Phonograph.
McKinstry. . . . . | 1 || 1 # * 1 . . . 1 Victrola.
McMillan. . . . . . 2 . . . . tº tº e º e s & 8 balls and Phonograph.
Maybury. . . . . . . 2 . . . e 1 ! . . .
Monteith. . . . . . . . 2 . . . e is e * @ e i tº # e. 8 small rubber balls.
OOſe . . . . . . . . . 2 . tº e. 2 | . . . -
Morley. . . . . . . . . 2 . . . tº e 1 . . . Sand box and stereopticon.
Newberry. . . . . . 1 | . . . * s & 1 || 8
Nichols. . . . . . . . 2 . . . e e 3 . . .
Norvell. . . . . . . . 3 | . . . # tº e is e a
Owen. . . . . . . . . . 1 | . . . & e. g. 1 Grafonola.
Paſmer. . . . . . . . . 2 . . . & e º 2 . . . . . . . . . 4 indoor baseballs, 2 games pitch-a-ring.
Parke. . . . . . . . . . 2 | 1 * * * 1 1 | . . . 50 wands, 2 player piano attachments.
Pingree. . . . . . . . 3 . . . • * * 2 . . . . . . . 49
Pitcher. . . . . . . . . 2 . . . • * * 2 . . . . . . . . .
Poe. . . . . . . . . . . . 2 . . . * * * 2 . . . . . . . . .
Potter. . . . . . . . . 1 . . . tº 8 1 . . . . . . . . . 10 rubber balls and wands.
Preston . . . . . . . . 2 . . . . g . . . . . . . . .
Roberts. . . . . . . . 1 | . . . e & e 1 . . . . . . . . .
Rose. . . . . . . . . . . 2 . . . . tº º º 1 . . . . . . . . . Sand boxes and climbing pole.
Russell. . . . . . . . . 2 : * sk . . . . * | e
Russel Annex. . . . . . . . . . * * * . . . . . . . . .
Scripps. . . . . . . . . | 2 | 1 * * * 2 . . . . . . . . .
Sill ##. 2 | 1 * * * . . . . . . . . . . . . Balls of different sizes, 1 sand box and
Smith. . . . . . . . . . 2 | 1 2 2 || 1 | . . climbing pole.
* Sand box and climbing pole.
Tappan . . . . . . . . 4 | . . . 2 . . . . . . . | 8 |. . Sand box and climbing pole.
Thomas. . . . . . . . 3 | 1 . . . | 1 || 1 |. . . . . . . . . Sand boxes and climbing poles.
Tilden . . . . . . . . . 3 | 1 ! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sand box and climbing pole.
Trowbridge. . . . . | 2 | . . . 2 2 . 1
Van Dyke. . . . . . 2 . . . & e & 2 |. . . . . . . . .
Washington . . . . . ** . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Webster. . . . . . . . 3 1 |. . . . . . . . . . . . 1 ring toss and 1 shuffle board made by
Wilkins. . . . . . . . 1 . . . | 1 |. . . . . . . . . . the boys.
Williams. . . . . . . 3 || 1 1 .........
Wingert. . . . . . . . 3 || 1 • * * * * * * : * ~ *
* Number not given.
** Piano on each floor.
64
Table XI
SIZE OF PARK PROPERTY AVAILABLE FOR USE AS NEIGHBORHOOD PARKS,
AND CONGESTION OF GENERAL AND YOUTH FUL POPULATION IN
NEIGHBORHOODS THEREOF
Av. Con-
gestion of
Av. Con- || Above or School Above or
Name and Location Acres gestion of Below Popula- Below
Neighbor- || City Av. tion in City Av
hood of 18.2 Nººr. of 4.6
Atkinson. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13.47 6.2 12— 5.0 .4 +
lark. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36.6 25.0 6.8 + 4.2 .4—
Ferry Field, Grand River Avenue and
Grand Boulevard. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32.8 18.2 O 3.5 1.1—
Jewell Property. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.53 18.2 O 5.7 1.1 +
Wen. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.99 18.2 O 4.8 .2 +
Perrien. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5. 18 43.7 25.5 + 18.8 14.2 +
Voigt. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.79 12.5 5.7— 2.9 1.7—
Table XII


USE OF SCHOOL PLANT FOR RECREATION PURPOSES, 1911-13. Figures
furnished by Miss Mercy J. Hayes, Supervisor Playgrounds and Social Centers.
PART I–SUMMER PIAY GROUNDS, 1911 and 1912
Number of days in session
Number of playgrounds
& e º 'º º te e º ºs e s tº º e º is e º 'º e º &
e a tº e º e & # 8 º' tº € $ & e º e º e º e º is e
Average daily attendance at playgrounds. . . . . . . . .
Ages of children attending
Aggregate attendance
• e º e g º º a s g º a s a tº a tº e º e e s is e s s
1911 1912
50 45
16 16
9 A. M. to 4:30 P. M., 9 A. M. to 4:30 P. M.,
Sat, to 1 P. M. Sat. to 1 P. M.
373.1 .. 5 4337.6
Under 7 yrs., 30% Under 7 yrs., 30%
7 to 12, 50% 7 to 12, 50%
12 to 14, 20% 12 to 14, 30%
179,115 198,824
PART II—SOCIAL CENTERS, 1912-1913, GENERAL SUMMARY
Length of session. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Sessions per week. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Hours per session. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Average daily attendance at social centers...
Ages of those attending
Sept. 30 to Dec. 14, 1912.
Jan. 2 to April 4, 1913.
Five.
7 to 9 P. M. One evening one or more hours longer.
241 (taken on October and February averages).
Under 15 yrs., 15%.
15 to 17 yrs., 75%.
Over 17 yrs., 10%.
PART III—SOCIAL
CENTERS 1912–1913, SUMMARY BY MONTHS AND
ACTIVITIES
Month Boys | Girls Carpen-| Gym- Bath Cook Sew- Clubs
try | nasium ing | Boys Girls
1912
October. . . . . . . . . . . 2721 2251 107 1291 48 141 173 || 518 593
November. . . . . . . . . 21.98 1370 106 904 96 188 250 747 323
December. . . . . . . . . 1343 1000 64 479 28 92 113 || 333 119
January 1809 1237 56 905 16 168 14 || 506 177
February 2661 2024 99 1186 222 245 117 || 762 450
March. . . . . . . . . . . . 1824 1529 85 889 49 152 19 562 345
April. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 308 |. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 |. . . . . . .

Grand Total. . . . . | 12614 | 97.19 517 5654 459 | 986 - 686 |3450 2007
Table XIII
DETROIT JUVENILE DELINQUENCY, SEPTEMBER 1, 1909, TO DECEMBER
31, 1910. Facts furnished by Mr. G. M. Reade, Secretary of the Juvenile Court.
PART I—SUMMARY BY MONTHS
September, 1909. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 May, 1910. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
tober, " . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 June, " . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
November, “ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 July. " . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
December, “ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 August, " . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
January, 1910. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 September, “ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11()
February, “ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77 || October, " . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128
March, " . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126 || November, “ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130
April, " . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119 December, “ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
PART II––CASES CLASSIFIEL) ACCORDING TO OFFENCES
Boys | Girls |Total B-2"| G-2"| B-3* B-4* B-5°
Incorrigible. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90 19 109 || 11 1 2 . . . . . . . . . . .
Larceny. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 482 40 522 82 | . . . . . . 11 S 2
Truancy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 218 43 261 19 2 2 . . . . . . . . . . . .
Assault. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 7 40 2 1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Immoral. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 64 1 2. l. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Drunkenness. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . : 5 | 1 6 1 1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Neglect. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . e e º sº 100 1 16 216 3 5 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Railroad depredation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 2 32 12 | . . . . . . 1 . . . . . . . . . . . .
Destroying property. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120 ! . . . . . . 120 7 l. . . . . . 2 . . . . . . . . . . . .
Carrying concealed weapon. . . . . . . . . 8 . . . . . . 8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Smoking. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 . . . . . . 48 3 1. . . . . . . . . . . . ! . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total.................. . . . . . . . . . 1134 292 1426 141 10 | 19 5 2


*Boys second offence, girls second offence, boys third offence, etc.
HOME CONDITIONS
161 Fathers dead
99 Mothers dead
17 Both dead
19 Parents divorced
296 — 20.7%. 12% committed to institutions.
Table XIV
DIRECTION OF CITY's GROWTH As SHOWN BY REPORT OF BUILDING
DEPARTMENT
PART I—GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION ALL KINDS NEW BUILDINGS 1912
East Side—East of Woodward Ave. and south of Grand Blvd.
West Side—West of Woodward Ave. and south of Grand Blvd.
North Side—North of Grand Blvd. between Fourteenth Ave. and G. T. R. R
East Side. . . . . . . 3,358—52% West Side . . . . . . 2,266—35% North Side. . . . . . . 803–13%
PART II—CLASSIFICATION BY KINDS
Residences. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,366
Residences (two families). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,470
Flats, tenements and terraces. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 321
heaters. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Halls. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Bowling alley. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
*
Table XV
LIST OF CHIEF AMERICAN CITIES HAVING PLAYGROUND
OR RECREATION COMMISSIONS
Note: Forty-seven cities reported in 1912 as having Playground or Recrea-
tion Commissions or Special Departments. The legal powers of these commis-
sions in relation to other city boards vary greatly with different cities. The
following gives only larger cities using this form of administration.
City Commission
New York. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Recreation Commission
Philadelphia, Pa. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Board of Recreation
St. Louis, Mo. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Public Recreation Commission
San Francisco, Cal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Playground Commission
Buffalo, N. Y. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Playground Commission
Newark, N. J. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Board of Playground Commissioners
New Orleans, La. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Board of Commissioners of Public
Playgrounds
Los Angeles, Cal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Playground Commission
Columbus, Ohio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Department of Public Recreation
Kansas City, Mo. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Recreation Commission
Jacksonville, Fla. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Playground Commission
Providence, R. I. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Recreation Commission
67
Table XVI
SALARIES OF RECREATION WORKERS IN AMERICAN CITIES, 1912
(For Cities of 100,000 population or over)
Note: Unless otherwise stated, the amounts refer to a year's salary
Recreation Secretary Supervisors Directors Play Leaders Assistants
Number Hours Number | Hours Number | Hours Number | Hours Number Hours
O of O of. O of | of of of of
Salary Months Service Salary Months | Service Salary Months | Service || Salary Months | Service Salary Months | Service
Em- Each Em- Each Em- Each || Enn- Each Em- Each
ployed Day ployed Day ployed Day || ployed day ployed day
|
tº º e º e º 'º W - e. e º 'º º e º I & e º 'º e º 'º $75 per mo. 10 5} $50 per mo 10 5} $50 per mo 10 5} $40 per mo 10 5}
$3500 12 | . . . . . . . 1000–1550 12 |. . . . . . . . . 00–1000 | . . . . . . . . 42 per wk | 1.50-2.75 4-6 3 50-60 per 4 I. . . . . . . . .
per day month
1200 12 . . . . . . . 1200 12 |. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ' . . . . . . . . . . . 12 . . . . . . . . . © º e º e s tº e º e º 'º e º 'º e s a e e s \ e e s e º e º e -
• * * * * * * | * * * * * * * * i • * * * * * * 60 per mo. 3 9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . li. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1500 12 | . . . . . . . 1500 12 . . . . . . . . . 1020 12 8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 per mo. 6 8
5000 12 8-H 2400–4200 12 85—125 12 8–10 75-1 10 12 6 60-8 4-12 6-10
- per mo. per mo per mo
• * * * * * * I e e s e e s a s I • * * * * * * 75–150 12 40–60 12 8 * * * * * * * * * * * : * * * * * * * * : * c e s is e e º e i I e º 'º e s tº e º is e e i s e e º e º e g e i s e e º e º e º 'o
per mo per mo .
• * * * * * e i < * * * * * * * : * * * * * * * 50 per wk. 11 whºs 9% 2 per day | 11 wks 7 1.50 per day | 10 whºs. 2} • * * * e º e º e e º i e º e º e e s e e i e is e e s m e º e
* * * * * * * | * * * * * * * * : * * * * * * * . . e. e. e. e s e s e < * * - e s s - e s e i e s = < e < * * * 12 12 - - - - - e º º per mo 6 . . . . . . . . . . . 2 per day 3 6
* * * * * * * : * ~ * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * I e s e s e e s e º 'º - I e º 'º e s s e e I e s e º e º e º e 75 per mo. 3 9 60 per mo 3 . . . . . . . . . || 50 per mo. 2 e s e s e e s - e.
2000 12 8 100 per mo. 12 8 55 per mo. 2} 7 50 per mo 2} 7 36 per mo 2} 7
1200 12 7 70 per mo. 9 7 10 per mo. . . . . . . . . 7% • - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - || - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
• * * * * * * I e º e º e s º e I e < * * * * * 2 12 9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . per wk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 65 per mo 12 e e s a s 2 s - e.
e e s e e s - i. e. e. e. e. e. e. e s - e º e - e < * 30 per wk. 2 8 10 per wk. 2 7 i . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
e s e s e e s ] e e º e e s e e i º e º e º - “ 2500 12 . . . . . . . . . I 3 per day 2 6 2 per day 2 6 • * * * * * * * s & e i e º e º e º e s e i e s tº sº e º e º 'º'
• * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * 25 per wk. 2} |. . . . . . . . . . 10–15 2} | . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
t per wk.
2200 12 1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 per mo. 2-4 9 || . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
• * * * * * * : * * * * e s e e i e º e º 'º - - 900 12 8 60 per mo. 4 8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ii 60 per mo 4 8
• * * * s e e i e º e s e e s e i t e º - e º 'º' 900 12 6–8 100 per mo. 4 6–8 2 per day 2-3 2} * * * * * * * e s tº e e º 'º - e º e e s 1 & e º 'º e º 'º - -
2400 12 8 135 per mo 12 8 95–100 12 6% l; . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60c per hour 12 3}
. per mo.
e e º e e º e I e º e º e º 'º e I s • * * * * * 50 per mo 2 3 - 12–35 2 • * * * * * * * * * * : * * * * * * * . . . . * * * * * * * { i • * * * * * * * * * * * | * * * * * * * * * | * * * * * * * * *
per mo.
& e s e º e º e. e. e. e. e. e. e. e. & e > * * * * 3200 12 All . 60–70 2} 5} g e s - e º e º 'º e º is e º e e º 'º e e º 'º e º e º & © 50-60 2} 5}
per mo. per mo.
• e º e s e e i - e. e. e. e. e. e. e i e e s e e s e i t e e s s e e s • e º e i e º 'º e s e e s m = . . . . . . . . . 40 per mo. 6 10 • * * * * * * * * * * | * * * * * * * * | * * * * * * * * * | | e • * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * s : * * * * * * * * *
160 2 I. . . . . . . 75 per mo 2 6 40 per mo. 2 6 24 per mo 2 6 24 per mo 2 6
per no. -
2500 12 8 || . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .''. . . . . . . . 3 per day 12 7 º e e º e º e º e s e º e º e º 'º e º e e o e º º & © e




- - - - e º 'º
• a s e e s e
• * c e º & ©
• * * * g e e
* * * e e g e
* * * ~ e s s
$ tº º tº dº e e
1 - - - - e º º e º 'º -
j 3 per day
|
3000
1750
100 per mo.
* * * * * * * * e º º
• & e s e º e s e º e
1200
1500
70 per mo.
1500
Summer
1% after
school
sessions
150 per mo.
• * * * * * * *
- - - © tº e s -
- - - - e. e. e. e.
- - - - * * g º ºs
Indefinite
38 per wk.
- - - - - - e º e
tº º - - - - e º e
tº e º 'º e º 'º º is
|
• * * * * * * * * * *
2} per day
1300
900
3} per day
• * * * * * * * * * *
1200–1400
1800–2000
65–75
per mo.
30 per mo.
15–20
per wk.
* - - e. e. e. e. e. e. e. e.
900
2 per day
Summer
1 per day
after school
session
14–25
per week
65 per mo.
50-60
per no.
80 per mo.
* * * * * * * *
• e º e e º e e
8
Sum'r 11
Win'r 54
| After school
{
|
3-4 per day
2} per day
2% per day
25 per mo.
e - e. e. e. e s e e s a
- - - - - e. e. g. e º º
* * * * * * s e g º e
* * * * * is e e º e e
* - - - - - - e = * * *
- - - - - - - e º 'º -
per day
hours 75c
tº e - e o e º e º e e
. || 2.25 per day
40-60
* * * * * * * * e º e
60 per mo.
- - - - - e º ºs
• * * * * * * *
- - - - - - e. g.
e - e. e. e. e. e. e. e.
• * * * * * * * *
e - e º e º e º 8
2-3 per day
1.75 per day
600
- - - - - - e º e º -
• * * * * e º e e º 'º
780
• * * * * * e e s ∈ º
* - e. e. e. e. e. e. e º 'º
• e - e. e. e. e. e. e. e. e.
• * * * * e º e º 'º e
school sess’n
14 per week
tº e º 'º - tº e º e º 'º
12 6
Some 2 2}-4}
Some 8
12 8
7 wks. 4
' ' ' '12 ' ' ' ' ' ' '5' ' ' '
8-12 8-9
10 15-20
per wk
. . . . . . . . . . . 4
12 6
8 5
2-3 7
4–6: 12
Summer 6
Spring &
Fall 13
2} 6
3-10 i 8
2 5
e e º e s e e º e
• * * * * * *
52.50 12
2500 12
2400 12
3000 12
3500 12
1800 12
1800 12
THE ACT CREATING THE RECREATION COMMISSION
Following is a proposal which the Charter Commission
adopted as part of the revised City Charter, which is to be sub-
mitted to the vote of the people of Detroit in October, 1913. If
the charter is adopted by the people a Recreation Commission
will be created immediately by the Mayor: .
- comMISSION
Section 1. There shall be a Board of Commissioners
in the City of Detroit known as the Recreation Commis-
sion. Said Commission shall consist of seven members
—two citizens of Detroit appointed by the Mayor and
the following five members: The Superintendent of
Schools, the Park Commissioner, the Librarian of the
Public Library, the Police Commissioner and the Com-
missioner of Public Works.
DUTIES OF THE RECREATION commission
Section 2. It shall be the duty of the Recreation
Commission to manage, direct and care for whatever
provisions are made by the city for playgrounds, play-
fields, indoor recreation centers, debating clubs, gym-
nasiums, public baths, and to make the necessary inspec-
tions as provided by the ordinances of the city for main-
taining wholesome and moral quality of all forms of
commercial recreation for which licenses are required
by the city.
Powers of THE RECREATION commission
Section 3. The Commission may appoint a recrea-
tion superintendent and one chief assistant, and such
other directors and caretakers as are necessary for the
proper conduct of an adequate recreation system for
Detroit, all appointees except the superintendent and
chief assistant to be subject, however, to the act provid-
ing for a system of civil service for the City of Detroit.
The Commission shall have the power to spend for
the purposes enumerated above, all sums of money
appropriated and turned over to them by the Common
Council for such purposes, and the Common Council of
said City of Detroit shall have authority to appropriate
and turn over to the Commission such sums of money.
70
The Commission shall have power to carry on play-
grounds and indoor recreation facilities on the grounds
and in the buildings in charge of the Board of Education
of said city and to pay for the necessary supervision and
caretaking incident to such recreation activities; Pro-
vided, that nothing in this act shall be construed to
abridge the power of the Board of Education to veto the
use of any of its grounds or buildings for recreation pur-
poses.
The Commission shall have power to issue permits
for the use of playfields or park property and to super-
vise, care for and equip playgrounds and playfields in
property under the control of the Park Commissioner;
Provided, nothing in this act shall be construed to
abridge the right of the Park Commissioner to regulate
the scenic development and landscaping of the city's
park areas. g .
The Commission shall have power to inspect all
forms of commercial recreation, such as theaters, moving
picture shows, pool and billiard halls, bowling alleys and
other commercial recreation places for which license is
now required by the ordinances of the city, or for which
license shall be required by future ordinances, and such
license shall be issued only on the written recommenda-
tion of said Recreation Commission that such recreation
place for which license is sought is furnishing recreation
of a wholesome and moral quality; Provided, nothing in
this act shall be construed to abridge the powers of the
police department to enforce order in such commercial
recreation places nor to abridge the powers of the build-
ing, lighting, health and fire departments to insure the
safety and sanitary conditions of the buildings where
such commercial recreations are conducted.
FUNDS FOR RECREATION COMMISSION.
Section 4. The said City of Detroit shall raise by
annual tax the necessary funds to provide for the estab-
lishment and extension of a recreation system under the
Commission through the use of facilities already owned
by the city, and may raise moneys by annual tax in such
sums or issue of bonds of said city for the acquirement
of additional property or for the erection of necessary
buildings for the further extension of the recreation sys-
tem under said Commission.
71
->| N/IAP = º:
* / --
Exr--a warton º º
W. Milcsection Quantitles Acres Populatº" Averages - - -
oto -oo 98.50 a 1900 Map Showing Distribution of General Population
Z - 500 - 1000 6525 loooo
3 - 1000 190° 30′ 87.260 D - H - - -
4 - 1500 - 2000 2220 °499 etro1t OuS1ng ( On 11111SSIOn
5 zood 25oo 1760 2.9700
6 - 2500 3000 — 10 *lºod of the
24420 Aaozoo -
Belle Iolº & Palmerººrº º agºgo Polko Detroit Board of Commerce
Total reos 25555
Prepared by
Frederick T. Barcroft
Consulting Engineer
-
H
º
º
º
-
H- H-sº i
- - - |
º º Hi- º -
- - |-
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- ---- - -
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--- d. 11 J. -
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-
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- - - - -
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--- - - --
----------------
Map 1. - 73
+
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SHOWING LOCATION OF COMMERCIAL AMUSEMENT PLACES
as Prepared by MAURICE WILLOWS for Men and Religious Survey
KELY
DETROIT --
Jºo CIAL FORCE.J.
1911
------------ *-*-
-----oo-o-
---co-
ratt - rare lºwr-r-----
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----------- - ---
wºrr -crºwablf wºr º
--------- -
------
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:
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+
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*
+
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+
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-------- ---





















Committee on RCercation SUstem
cy fºe Detroit Bocard Cof Gommerce
-x^_^varrow
== MA -> *
-or-The-
City of Detroit,
MICHIGAN.
wº-rº ºra-ºra-
*-*-------- sºczow (ze oacers)
- º o- + - C - wºo
Sowing % of Xvatºrial 2. - 75- 9.0 180 - 360
- -o- - - - - - ºn -
(ſºlo Census ºf 5 to Zºº ºncºre) 3 - 90-735 300 - 5-10
4 - /3.5-/80 ºfo - 720
5 - 180 - 22.5 720-800
S- ºs-270 300-70%
ºzarea ºr
‘Kouland Haynes º
field Secretary
9/america
*April 1913
-
*
º
---
E: -----.
- º Biº
º Hºº-ºº: Elºiſ
º ---|--|- º
º, ----- ºl
Eºº Tººl -- º
jº. º l
jº- Hº! -
- º -:
-*
--- - - --
- ---
- Map 11. 74