A 575725 VE ARTES LIBRARY AJASSAD 1837 STUHUMIDI VERITAS UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN EPLURIBUS UNUM. TUEBOR SCIENTIA OF THE SI QUAERIS PENINSULAM AMOENAM CIRCUMSPICE VADAGALJNJI, ¡ Į t HELF - one that of the star 82. G485 as a sa, aki veggie SATERA THE WOMAN'S GUIDE, SHOWING THE CAUSES, SYMPTOMS, AND HOMOEOPATHIC TREATMENT OF THE DISEASES OF FEMALES AND CHILDREN. shard sandor BY RS. GUTTERIDGE, M.D., LICENTIATE OF THE FACULTY OF PHYSICIANS; LICENTIATE OF MIDWIFERY; LATE PHYSICIAN TO THE METROPOLITAN PROVIDENT DISPENSARY, AND OF THE HOME FOR THE DISEASES Of women. LONDON: LEATH & ROSS, Homeopathic Chemists, JEWRY HOUSE, OLD JEWRY, E.C., And 9, VERE STREET, OXFORD STREET, W. I PREFAC E. THIS book is intended as a plain, intelligible, and comprehensive Guide for the young Wife; for the Mother in the management of herself and her in- fant, in the training and treatment of her daughters and family; for Ladies of all classes and ages, in the numerous disorders to which they are liable. De- signed for so large a number, the contents are ample, and the directions precise. An endeavour is made to meet the wants of those who have a limited, as well as those who have a more extensive, acquaint- ance with Homoeopathic remedies. It is offered as an exposition to the inquiring, and a directory for constant use. 44, BROOK STREET, GROSVENOR SQUARE, W. April, 1871. R. S. GUTTERIDGE. B 2 CONTENTS. INTRODUCTION.-The Number and Frequency of Female Diseases Especial Adaptation of Homœopathy; on the Doses and Adminis- tration of the Medicines; the Divisions and Scope of this Book V-X • PART I.—MENSTRUATION, AND ITS DISORDERS. CHAPTER I.-PUBERTY AND FIRST MENSTRUATION.-Puberty in the Robust, the Delicate, the Scrofulous; Menstruation, Organs con- cerned in; Uterus, Ovaries, and Fallopian Tubes, description of; Ovum, formation and escape; Young Girls to be prepared for First Menstruation, in Diet and General Regulation of Home and School Life; Ventilation of Bed-rooms and School-rooms especially requisite; Consumption a result of Insufficient Venti- lation; Prevention and Curability of; Management of Dress; Bad Effects of Stays; Spinal Curvature; Spinal Supports; Spi- nal Couches; Gymnastic Exercise; Medical Rubbing; Exercise ; Recreation; Amusements 1-21 CHAPTER II.-DISORDERS OF MENSTRUATION.-Precocious Menstru- ation; Delay of First Menstruation, where there is no Effort, but where some Affection shows itself, as-of the Circulation, of the Digestive Apparatus, Want of Appetite, Constipation, Diarrhoea, Anemia, Chlorosis—of the Nervous System, Neuralgia, Headache, Hysteria, Catalepsy, Chorea, or St. Vitus's Dance, Epilepsy, Fainting Fits; Suppression of Menstruation, or Amenorrhoea with Effort; Irregular Menstruation in the Young Amenorrhoea, and the Skin Diseases with which it is connected; Vicarious Menstruation; Irregular Menstruation generally; Pain- ful Menstruation; Profuse Menstruation; Cessation of Menstrua- tion, or Change of Life; Sick Headache . 22-186 • PART II.—AFFECTIONS OF THE GENERATIVE ORGANS. CHAPTER I.—AFFECTIONS OF THE EXTERNAL ORGANS.-Inflammation, Erysipelas, and Abscess of the Vulva; Varicose Veins of; Pruritus, or Troublesome Itching of; Nymphomania; Skin Diseases of; Ulcers of; Warty Excrescences of; Neuralgia of; Tumours of; Cancer of. 187-216 CHAPTER II.-AFFECTIONS OF THE INTERNAL ORGANS.-I. The Vagina; the Hymen; Prolapse of the Vagina, Treatment of; Spasm of the Vagina; Vaginismus; Inflammation of the Vagina; Vaginal Leucorrhoea; Indurations, Tumours, and Cancer of the 薯 ​B 3 ii CONTENTS. Vagina; Vaginal Fistula.-II. The Uterus; Congestion; Inflam- mation; Uterine Leucorrhoea; Inflammation of the Neck of the Womb; Ulceration; Neuralgia; Irritable Uterus; Displacements; Polypi and Flooding; Tumours; Cancer; Dropsy; Fissure of the Anus.-III. The Ovaries; Inflammation; Tumours; Cancer; Ovarian Dropsy, Operation for 216-292 PART III.-THE DISORDERS OF MARRIED LIFE. CHAPTER I.-PREGNANCY.-Marriage; Regulation of Health; Preg- nancy; Miscarriage; Disorders of Pregnancy; Appetite; Morn- ing Sickness; Constipation; Piles; Diarrhoea; Jaundice; Cough, and Difficulty of Breathing; Anemia; Dropsy; Varicose Veins; Headache; Sleeplessness; Cramps; Hysteria; Fancies; Walls of the Abdomen during; Menstruation during; Falling of the Womb; Leucorrhoea; Flooding; Preparation of the Breasts and Nipples; Choice of Nurse and Doctor. Tumours and Cancer of the Breast 293-332 325-330 CHAPTER II.-PARTURITION, OR LABOUR.-False Pains; Natural Labour; Preparatory Pains; First Stage of Labour; Tremblings and Chills; Restlessness; Feeble Pains; Violent Spasmodic Pains; General Directions; Second Stage of Labour; Indications and Progress of; Bursting of the Waters; Chloroform; Birth of the Child; Management of; the Navel-cord; when the Child does not Breathe; the Binder; After-medical and General Treat- ment of Patient and Child 333-342 CHAPTER III.-LABOUR-ITS AFTER-MANAGEMENT.-After-paius; the Lochia, or After-discharge; Management of the Breasts; Putting the Baby to the Breast; Sore and Cracked Nipples; Depressed Nipples; Establishment and Management of Lactation; getting rid of the Milk; Gathered Breasts 342-356 CHAPTER IV.--THE MANAGEMENT OF THE INFANT.-Bruises; Sup- pression of Urine; Regulation of the Bowels; Regularity in Suckling; Stomach Derangements; Restlessness; Mother's Marks; Inflammation of the Eyes; Rupture; Suckling and Hand-feed- ing; Wet-nurse; Bringing-up by Hand; Diet; Weaning; Gathered Breasts after 356-365 PART IV.-COMPLAINTS INCIDENT TO CHILDREN. CHAPTER I.-INTRODUCTORY.-Family Administration of Homœo- pathic Medicines; Room for, and Advantages of; Rapidity of Action; Specific Nature of; Diseases often to be warded off by Proper Management; Rules for Diet, Baths, Dress, and Fresh Air 366–373 CHAPTER II.-ON CERTAIN DEFORMITIES IN CHILDREN.-Club.foot; Knock-knee; Bowed Legs; Left-handedness; Twitchings and Grimaces 373-376 1 CONTENTS. 111 CHAPTER III.-DISEASES OF RESPIRATION.—Coryza, Catarrh, or Cold in the Head; Influenza, Hooping-cough, Pneumonia, Inflamma- tion of the Lungs, and Bronchitis; Croup; Millar's Asthma, or Cuild-crowing; Tubercular Consumption, or Phthisis. 376-393 CHAPTER IV.-DISEASES OF DIGESTION AND ASSIMILATION.-Vomit- ing; Diarrhoea; Constipation; Consumption of the Bowels; Thrush; Inflammation of the Mouth; Úlcerative Inflammation of the Mouth; Cancrum Oris (Mortification of the Cheek); Jaun- dice; True Jaundice; Small Thread-worms; Round-worms; Tape- worms; Protrusion or Prolapsus of the Lower Bowel. 393-414 CHAPTER V.-AFFECTIONS OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM.-The Nervous System liable to Derangement; Convulsions, how produced, and Treatment of; Inflammation of the Brain; Hydrocephalus, or Water on the Brain; Infantile Paralysis; Chorea; Epilepsy; Stammering 414-422 CHAPTER VI.- FEBRILE AFFECTIONS.-Simple Feverishness; Infan- tile Remittent Fever; Cerebro-spinal, Spotted, or Malignant Purple Fever; Scarlatina; Measles; Chicken-pox; Cow-pox and Small pox; Mumps; Sore Throat; Diphtheria 422-443 CHAPTER VII.-GENERAL OR CONSTITUTIONAL DISEASES.-Scrofula; the Diseases to which it gives rise; specially-Rickets; General Wasting, and White-swelling; Hip-disease; Rheumatism, and Disease of the Heart connected therewith 443-450 CHAPTER VIII. - DISEASES OF THE EYE.-Inflammation of the Eyes, or Ophthalmia; Inflammation of the Eyelids; Styes 451-454 CHAPTER IX.- AFFECTIONS OF THE EAR.-Earache; Acute Pain in the Ear; Discharges from the Ears; Wax of the Ear; Alterations in; Deafness 454-458 • • CHAPTER X. —AFFECTIONS OF THE GENERATIVE ORGANS.-Inflam- mation; Retention of Urine; Excessive Urination; Wetting the Bed; Stone in the Bladder 458-459 CHAPTER XI.-SKIN AFFECTIONS.-Inflammation of the Skin (Ery- thema): Erysipelas; Rose-rash; Nettle-rash; Herpes; Sudamina; Eczema and its varieties 459-467 CHAPTER XII.-ACCIDENTS.-Abrasions of the Skin; Bruises; Cuts and Wounds; Bleeding, or Hæmorrhage; Nose-bleeding; Dislo- cations and Fractures; Burns and Scalds; Sun-stroke; Poisons ; Accidents from Chloroform; Stings of Insects; Bites from Snakes and Dogs; Hydrophobia; Suspended Animation. 467-475 LADIES' CALENDAR 478-489 INDEX 491-529 • • : Acid, Benzoic. Acid, Fluoric. Acid, Hydrocyanic. Acid, Nitric. Acid, Muriatic. Acid, Phosphoric. Acid, Sulphuric. Aconite. Esculus. Ethusa. Aletris. Aloes. Alumina. Ammoniæ Carb. Ammoniæ Caust. Ammoniæ Mur. Antimonium Crud. Antimonium Tart. Apis Mell. LIST OF MEDICINES. Apocynum And. Apocynum Can. Argentum. Argentum Nit. Arnica. Arsenicum Album. Arsenicum Iod. Asafoetida. Asarum. Asclepias Syr. Baptisia. Baryta. Belladonna. Borax. Bromine. Bryonia. Cactus. Calcarea. Cantharis. Carbo An. Carbo Veg. Caulophyllum. Causticum. Chamomilla. Chelidonium. China. Cicuta. Cimicifuga. Cina. Cocculus. Collinsonia. Colocynth. Conium. Crocus. Cuprum Acet. Cypripedium. Digitalis. Drosera. Dulcamara. Erigeron. Eupatorium. Euphrasia. Ferrum. Gelseminum. Glonoine Graphites. Hamamelis. Hedeoma. Hellebore. Helonias. Hepar Sulph. Hydrastis. Hyoscyamus. Hypericum. Ignatia. Iodine. Ipecacuanha. Iris Ver. Kali Bich. Kali Carb. Kali Hydriod. Lachesis. Leptandria. Lobelia. Lycopodium. Magnesia Carb. Magnesia Mur. Mercurius Iod. Mercurius Cor. Mercurius Vivus. Mitchella. Moschus. Natrum Mur. Nux Mosch. Nux Vomica. Opium. Phosphorus. Phytolacca. Platina. Podophyllum. Pulsatilla. Rheum. Rhus Tox. Sabina. Sanguinaria. Sambucus. Secale. Senecio. Sepia. Silicea. Spigelia. Spongia. Staphysagria. Stramonium. Sulphur. Thuja. Veratrum A. Veratrum V. Xanthoxyllum. Zinc. Zizia. INTRODUCTION. THE NUMBER AND FREQUENCY OF FEMALE DISEASES; ESPECIAL ADAP- TATION OF HOMEOPATHY; ON THE DOSES AND ADMINISTRATION OF THE MEDICINES; THE DIVISIONS AND SCOPE OF THIS BOOK. · THE prevalence, persistence, and wide-spread influence of Disorders of the Female Economy, are fully accounted for by a delicacy of organisation, an extremely sensitive, nervous system, and the sympathetic effect which a reproductive sphere, in a ceaseless state of activity for a greater part of life, constantly exerts. Homœopathy, by common consent, is acknowledged to be of signal service in the affections of Children; it is equally so in those of Females. The amplitude of its resources, the accu- rately ascertained range and power of its remedies, together with their specific, direct, yet undisturbing and almost un- deviating action, prove them admirably adapted to every variation, as delicately sensitive as the constitutions on which they act;-equal to, for promptness of relief, and far surpassing, in the durability of their effect, the most ad- vanced allopathic medication, which combats the conse- quence of disease rather than disease itself. A plan of pro- cedure which necessitates, that the good accomplished shall be often more apparent than real, and that the disease shall frequently reappear in an intensified form ;-when temporary relief is dearly purchased. Homœopathy is not based simply on theory; though, on vi THE POSITION OF HOMEOPATHY. this ground alone, every one who has tried it much, must have found repeatedly a rare adaptation of means; it has an ample and diversified experience to fall back upon. Homœopathy has won the place it holds by the force of inherent worth. Vested interests, corporate influences, misre- presentations, obloquy, ridicule, and the voice of authority, supported by nearly universal prejudice, have been arrayed against it, to a very large extent in vain. To this end the Homœopathic Dispensaries in our large towns, and the Hos- pitals in some others, have largely contributed. Patients, a very great proportion of whom have been women, have resorted to these institutions in considerable numbers. Hardship, constant toil of various kinds, together with poverty, inadequacy of clothing and food, have aggra- vated, where they have not caused, the affections from which they suffered. These persons, in many instances, came to Homœopathy after they had tried all other medical and surgical means within their reach;-patients somewhat un- promising. Surgery, if it does not benefit, weakens, and often maims; crude drug treatment is nearly equally debilitating, whilst it often leaves a drug complication as an additional evil, more persistent and troublesome than the original malady. These patients may fairly be credited with a usual amount of prejudice against a new system, so dissimilar in the form, taste, and look of its medicines, and the whole plan of its procedure, to ordinary practice. The success among patients of this class has been signal; and they have been amongst the staunchest adherents, and warmest advocates, of Homœo- pathy. Some of the most inveterate, and painful of Female Dis- eases, as well as the comparatively more trivial, have thus been the subject of Homœopathic attention. SCOPE OF THIS BOOK-ITS DIVISIONS. vii Acute pain can be assuaged-violent inflammation sub- dued-hæmorrhage controlled-tumours dispersed-cancer cured, and inherited tendency to disease counteracted, by no other means more effectually and pleasantly than by Homœo- pathy. No one affection that has hitherto yielded to any kind of treatment is inaccessible to its power; whilst many of the Diseases of Females, generally considered intractable, yield to its influence. One object of this Work will be, to show how all this can be effected. Homœopaths have been accused of paying too much, and too little, attention to diet, hygiene, and other subsidiary matters. I have endeavoured to give them fully, and to rank them in their proper place. Directions for Hydropathic Treatment are subjoined in some affections, as calculated largely to aid Homœopathy. The two systems are not rivals, but twin sisters, that should live and reign together. Part I.—Treats most fully of Menstruation, its Establish- ment and Irregularities; including Spinal Affections, Anemia, Chlorosis, Hysteria, and Epilepsy. · Part II. Of the Affections of the Generative Organs-as Inflammation, Ulceration, Displacements and Tumours of the Womb, Ovarian Disease. Part III.—Of Pregnancy; Natural Labour, and Miscar- riage; the Management of the Lying-in Room, and the Infant; with Affections of the Breast, Inflammation, Tu- mours, and Cancer. Part IV. Of the Common Complaints to which Children are liable. C The medicines recommended are, most of them, old and valued friends to any who have tried the system; together with others of more recent introduction, that every contin- viii MEDICINES, AND THEIR ADMINISTRATION. gency and symptom may be as fully prepared for as possible. In referring to the doses, and strength or dilution in which these should be given, we touch on a subject that has given rise to a great deal of controversy and misrepresentation. The quantity and the dilution are less essential than the principle on which the medicine is administered, and a care- ful and judicious selection. The medicines are individualised; many have strong family resemblances, but no two are exactly alike. Choose the one nearest in description to the case, and give it a fair trial; the right medicine will act, you may be sure. Common sense and sound physiology demand that as small a dose should be employed as is consistent with efficiency. We want relieving and curative action, not disturbance and distress. The tendency now, is to give medi- cines in increasingly low dilutions, and large doses. Still, taking the profession as a whole, the doses of family adminis- tration are usually larger; one remedy, not unfrequently, is so quickly followed by another, that instead of curative effect, a drug complication results. As Hahnemann, in the earlier part of his practice, at least, employed strong tinctures, and made brilliant cures from their use, so is it open to his followers to copy his example : though they find, as he did, that in by far the greater majority of cases, a diluted form effects as much in as short a time, at less cost to the patient. A dilution will cure some persons, whom a strong tincture would drive mad, or per- manently injure. By the minute subdivision or trituration of substances, such as Calcarea, Silicea, Sepia, and all carbons and minerals, a proximate adaptability to nervous filament and living microscopic cell is attained with the happiest results. Long-standing constitutional affections, by old habi- tude become well-nigh part and parcel of the nature, are uprooted; morbid growths checked, and fresh stamina im- : C MEDICINES, AND THEIR ADMINISTRATION. ix planted. The two-hundredth trituration has been found to cure an obstinate skin affection, which effectually resisted any lower strength. It is equally a matter of experience, that acute inflammation of the lungs, bowels, or windpipe, in adults, will be more quickly subdued by quarter-drop doses of strong tincture of Aconite, than by any quantity or potency of diluted tincture. To every remedy, the dose will be found subjoined, and the interval of administration, but only as a general rule: as the symptoms abate, the time between the doses must be cor- respondingly lengthened. In chronic affections, where the medicines are continued for some time, the dilution must be occasionally varied, going higher, but not lower; the remedy must, now and then, be altogether discontinued for a few days, and two drops of the 30th dilution of Sulphur given every other night-three doses in all; after the last dose, wait two days, then resume the usual medicine. Triturations are best taken dry on the tongue—a grain, or as much as can be taken up on the point of a penknife, for a dose. Tinctures dropped into water, two or three drops ordinarily for a dose, to a table, dessert, or teaspoonful of water, which should be either distilled, or soft water passed through a charcoal filter, or water previously boiled and then filtered. Porcelain cups, with covers, graduated inside to tea, dessert, and tablespoonful, are the best for mixing medicines. The directions can be written on the lid. Earthenware spoons are also far better than metallic. Bottles, if used, must not only be well washed, but dried in an oven; and not used at all if oils, spirits, scents, acids, or any medicine have previously been in them. A wine-glass holds twelve moderate-sized teaspoonfuls. Wine-glasses and tumblers may be used; in every case, when so employed, a piece of clean writing-paper must be put over X MEDICINES, AND THEIR ADMINISTRATION. the top, and the name of the medicine, or the words, Homœopathic Medicine, or Homoeopathic Lotion, legibly written thereon; then they must be put in a secure place, where they can be found when wanted, but not allowed to stand in such a position that a fresh attendant may, in mis- take, give the whole or greater part for a refreshing draught, to allay the thirst of the patient-an awkward accident that has happened before now; nor must they stand near scented articles. Tinctures may most conveniently and expeditiously be dropped over the cork by holding the bottle between the finger and thumb of the right hand, the cork in the left hand, brought just under the neck of the bottle, and the tincture allowed to run slowly over; the cork can then be put in immediately the entire number of drops have been counted. DISEASES OF FEMALES AND CHILDREN. PART I. MENSTRUATION, AND ITS DISORDERS. AMUSEMENTS. CHAPTER I. MENSTRUATION AND PUBERTY. IMPORTANCE OF DISORDERS CONNECTED WITH MENSTRUATION; THE ACTION AND USE OF HOMEOPATHIC REMEDIES; PUBERTY IN THE ROBUST, THE DELICATE, THE SCROFULOUS; MENSTRUATION, ORGANS CONCERNED IN; UTERUS, OVARIES, AND FALLOPIAN TUBES, DE- SCRIPTION OF; OVUM, FORMATION AND ESCAPE; YOUNG GIRLS TO BE PREPARED FOR FIRST MENSTRUATION, IN DIET AND GENERAL REGULATION OF HOME AND SCHOOL LIFE; VENTILATION OF BED. ROOMS AND SCHOOL-ROOMS ESPECIALLY REQUISITE ; CONSUMPTION A RESULT OF INSUFFICIENT VENTILATION; PREVENTION AND CURA- BILITY OF; MANAGEMENT OF DRESS; BAD EFFECTS OF STAYS; SPINAL CURVATURE; SPINAL SUPPORTS; SPINAL COUCHES; GYM- NASTIC EXERCISE; MEDICAL RUBBING; EXERCISE; RECREATION; In our consideration of the diseases and affections of females, we begin with those connected with menstruation, as they every way occupy a foremost place. There is little need to call special portance of the due discharge of this Ladies of all ages are sufficiently, and attention to the im- periodical function. sometimes too soli- 2 MENSTRUATION-ACTION OF DRUGS. citous in reference to everything connected with it. We shall give such a description of the process of menstruation as shall prevent their being more than intelligently and reasonably anxious respecting it. The ignorance in which ladies are about their own organi- sation, and the laws which regulate it, is a painful source of mistakes in the management of themselves and their families. A little knowledge is said to be a dangerous thing: no know- ledge at all, however, is productive of far more mischief. Menstruation is designed to take place at a certain time, and in a certain way: if there is any deviation with regard to either of these conditions, it is the deviation which engrosses the attention, and is the source of anxiety; the cause, in the general and local health, often of vastly more importance, is nearly, and sometimes altogether, overlooked. A favourable opportunity for righting a delicate constitution is lost-such a one as may never after present itself; whilst the wrong is often added, of endeavouring, by stimulating and forcing measures, to effect what is so earnestly desired at the ex- pense of a vitality not over-vigorous, and of nervous and physical strength below the average requirement—all from the want of knowing better. It is foolish to suppose that for this, or any other object, large doses of drugs can be taken by any one with perfect impunity, but especially by the delicate and susceptible; that if they do no good they can do no harm. At all events, they give the system the trouble of casting them out as soon as possible, so far at least as it can get rid of them. Crude drugs and tinctures, in at all large doses, set up more or less of a chemical action: for example-in the juices of the body and by the coats of the stomach they are rapidly absorbed, and distributed throughout the organism, more especially to those parts on which they exert a specific influence, as Belladonna on the eye, the brain, and the throat; Digitalis on the heart: where modified only by temperament and idiosyncracy, they exert a definite indi- vidual, peculiar action-no two acting precisely alike, but each one in a definite accustomed manner. Some drugs, of a very potent but deleterious nature, as Mercury and Arsenic, MENSTRUATION-ACTION OF HOMEOPATHIC REMEDIES. 3 become lodged or embedded in the tissues, whence, by slow absorption, they are constantly exerting an influence on the system. This influence may last for years, manifesting itself, in the case of Mercury, in bone and rheumatic pains, after the least exposure to damp: in that of Arsenic, by continued debility and nervous symptoms. The founder of Homoeopathy devised a plan, which has been much and needlessly ridiculed, of turning the potent, searching, and enduring properties of such substances to a beneficial account. He availed himself, in their case, as he did in that of all drugs and medicinal agents, of the law to which we have referred-of a constant, specific, individual action; of reducing the quantity administered until it exerted an action only curative, and not disturbing or irri- tating; and of presenting the remedies in such a state of minute subdivision or dilution, as should best comport with the minuteness and delicacy of the structures on which they had to act. By this means it is that our range of corrective agency has been made as wide as possible-made to include sub- stances such as Mercury and Arsenic; the quantity being so minute as to be powerless for harm, and yet sufficient to exert an influence for good in the way of counteract- ing some other poison already at work, or of rousing dormant and depressive action, nothing being left over and above for deleterious elimination by the absorbents. The patience and method of the Homœopathic investiga- tion into the properties and effects of medicines, by trying them on the healthy body, ensure a certainty which other systems may envy, but never possess until they seek it in like manner. Under Homœopathic treatment there is no fear of a con- stitution being ruined, if it is not benefited; of the powers of nature being overborne; of the physical strength being weakened; nor is there the least excuse for deferring the attempt to right whatever is wrong, until, by force of habit and persistence, it becomes a kind of second nature- the case with many chronic affections; or until the com- paratively small beginnings of acute and dangerous ill- 4 MENSTRUATION-ADAPTATION OF HOMEOPATHY. ness shall swell into a fierce torrent, sweeping everything before it. We have no wish to turn every lady into an amateur doctor; but we do wish to make every mother the intelli- gent guardian and director of her own and her family's health, and somewhat of an instructed helper of the endea- vours of her physician in the management of such cases as come under his care. - We desire to show, in the consideration of the wide field presented by the disorders connected with menstruation and other affections to which ladies are subject, the relation and difference between Homœopathy and other systems; the extent of the resources it has to offer; and the grounds on which it rests its claims. We aspire to have some share in supplying, so far as written instructions can do, the lack which exists in many districts of resident Homœopathic advice; to aid such as may be solicitous to help their neighbours; and in the case of emergencies, to which all are more or less exposed, when no other help can at once be procured, of showing plainly what is the best thing to do. To be of any use, the book must be studied as a whole; or at the least, such an acquaintance must be had with it as shall enable its possessor, that it may be of any use, to know what it really contains, and where to look for it. The copious Index subjoined will very greatly facilitate its use. It must not be supposed, from anything here advanced, that any deviation in the time or manner of menstruation is to be considered as trivial: it is of the highest importance, and must not be neglected, otherwise serious and irretriev- able mischief may ensue. Let the matter be calmly and thoroughly investigated and treated-never allowed to go on as a thing that might right itself, as of no importance. Many a one has gone on under this delusion, when too late for much good to be done, to be roused to a realisation of the real state of the case. The possessors and users of this book will be inexcusable should they ever be amongst this number. Puberty is the period at which boyhood and girlhood PUBERTY. 5 really end. In early life, the peculiarities of the female economy are in abeyance; boy and girl alike are subject to the same maladies, and amenable to the same treatment; but as the girl nears the time of puberty, distinctive traits begin to show themselves. It is no sudden alteration; it is a series of changes all tending to, and a preparation for, the discharge of those functions of the female constitution, henceforth to run as a connecting and sustaining cord throughout life, and be inter- twined with the very essence of its being. Puberty usually takes place about the thirteenth year; sometimes considerably later: it may be deferred to the four- teenth, the sixteenth, and even, in rare instances, to the eighteenth year, without very serious consequences. In warm countries it is earlier than in cold; but not so much so, as is sometimes supposed: it takes place sooner, as a rule, in towns, especially in manufacturing centres where large numbers congregate. Much depends on individual constitution and tempera- ment, and some on family peculiarity, the daughter being apt to be as the mother was. For instance, both mother and daughter may pass through this stage at eighteen, neither of them suffering more than ordinary inconvenience or discomfort. I Puberty heralds its approach differently in different con- stitutions. In the healthy, robust, and florid, there is perceptible a roundness of form and feature, a development of bust, a vary- ing manner, a self-consciousness, more or less marked. Fol- lowing, or accompanying these changes, with more or less of disturbance, it may be with scarcely any, the monthly period makes its appearance, and after more or less irregularity, establishes itself. In the delicately organised, almost always the most men- tally brilliant, the efforts of nature, at the period of puberty, are indefinitely protracted, and are fitful, spasmodic, and painful. The forward mental development of this class is very seldom checked as it should be; it is often cruelly fos- tered. 6 THE UTERUS, OR WOMB. With the dull, inactive, scrofulous constitution, of dusky skin and heavy feature, we may have prolonged delay, or a much too early manifestation. Why the establishment of menstruation should be a matter of time, a season of trial to many, accompanied by consi- derable pain of various kinds, will be understood as we examine the process, the organs which produce it, and the part they bear in its elaboration. Menstruation, from Mensis, a month, and "Catamenia," from the Greek, mean the same thing, and point to the appearance, every four weeks or lunar month, of that peculiar function of the female organism, designated, in ordinary English speech, "the courses ;""the periods;" "being regu- lar;" "being unwell;" "being poorly. "" In menstruation, the womb, or uterus, the ovaries, and the Fallopian tubes are all concerned. The uterus, or womb, the chief organ of reproduction, has been termed the centre of female life: it is situated in the pelvis or lower part of the abdomen, in close neighbourhood, hough in no way communicating, with the rectum or lower bowel, and the bladder. Hence the readiness with which affections of either of these are apt to influence the womb, or disturbances of the uterus, have a decided effect on the rectum, the bladder, or on both. The virgin, or unimpregnated womb, in size and shape resembles an ordinary pear, slightly flattened from back to front. It increases very slightly in size for the first few years of life, retaining its infantine proportions until the approach of puberty; the neck of the womb remains as broad, and more than twice as long, as the body of the womb itself, and there is scarcely any muscular tissue. At puberty, the body of the womb gets equal to the neck in length, and considerably exceeds it in breadth; the increase being not in the size of the cavity, but in the thickness of the muscular wall: corresponding changes take place in the ovaries. After the cessation of menstruation the ovaries decrease, and there is a return to the infantine proportions of the body and neck of the womb. : 1 OVARIES AND FALLOPIAN TUBES. 7 f The uterus is one of the hollow muscles of the body; it has three coats, quite distinct, and having different functions: first, a tough, serous, investing membrane, one with that which covers the bowels, the rectum, and the bladder; then the middle or muscular layer, which constitutes its principal bulk, gives it its firmness and solidity, and on which its expulsive power in child-birth depends; the chief thickness of this muscular coat is in the body of the womb, very much less at the neck and outlet; this middle coat is plentifully sup- plied with blood-vessels and nerves: the third coat or lining of the uterus is composed of mucous membrane, a moderately thick and soft layer, well furnished with capillary or hair-like blood-vessels and nerves. At the time of each monthly period, the womb undergoes a slight alteration in size; its tissues are opened up and become more spongy, owing to a larger afflux of blood. During menstruation, the lining membrane may be cast off in patches here and there; or in those who menstruate pain- fully, the greater portion of it, sometimes a complete cast, with much suffering and a greater loss than usual. The ovaries are situated on either side of the uterus, towards its top or fundus, and connected by a fold of peri- toneum or fibrous membrane with the broad ligament. They have no direct constant communication with the womb; the communication is set up by means of the Fallopian tubes. The ligaments, of which the broad and the round are the principal, and by which the uterus is chiefly retained in its position, are made up of folds and continuations of the peri- toneum, together with fibrous and muscular tissue. The Fallopian tubes (so called from their discoverer, Fal- lopius) are situated on each side of the top or fundus of the womb, and communicate with it. They have a covering of peritoneum, a middle fibrous coat, and a mucous lining. They are each furnished with a sensitive, fringed, or fimbri- ated extremity, which encircles or clasps the ovary. Whenever an ovum is at a state of maturity, it escapes into the tube, and by this means is conveyed into the uterus. The right and left ovary, up to puberty, are of the shape of an almond, an inch and a quarter to an inch and a half · с 8 OVARIES AND FALLOPIAN TUBES. ; long; about half an inch broad, and a quarter of an inch thick. At puberty they increase to the size of a walnut and in health remain this size until the "change of life," or critical age, when they begin to decrease, and ultimately reach the proportions of early life. The ovaries have their serous or tough peritoneal covering; then a fibrous covering; and inside these the cellular, spongy texture of the ovary itself, most plentifully supplied with blood-vessels and nerves. Imbedded in this dense net-work, as puberty approaches there appear a great number of roundish transparent vesicles, largest towards the surface or outside of the ovary. Inside each vesicle is a thin layer of minute granular cells, com- pletely lining it, forming a globe within a globe. The inner globe is filled with thin serous fluid; and when it is nearest the outer surface of the ovary, there is an accumulation or heap of granules; and in it, thoroughly imbedded, and forming part of it, there is an ovum, or egg. Each ovum consists of a tough membrane, enclosing a vitellus, or yolk. As an ovum matures, the serous fluid in the vesicle increases until it swells it out, and forms a distinct projection on the surface of the ovary. This accumulation is sufficient to force the vesicle very nearly through the covering of the ovary-so nearly through, that any increase of force (as when the fim- briated extremity of the Fallopian tube closes over it) suffices to set the vesicle free of the ovary, and, at the same time, burst the vesicle and set the ovum at liberty, accompanied by a portion of the lining granular membrane to which it was adherent. The escaped ovum is conveyed into the Fallopian tube, and if not stopped there, along its course into the cavity of the womb. It is calculated that one ovum is conveyed into the uterus in this way at the commencement of every menstrual period, whilst, at the same time, others are considerably forwarded in their development. For the time being, when the Fallo- pian tube closes on the ovary, they, with the uterus, form but one organ-the union being complete. Now and then, what is termed tubular or Fallopian pregnancy takes place; Ca MENSTRUATION. 9 from the ovum, remaining permanently, after impregnation, in the Fallopian tube, and there continuing its growth and development. The changes we have described as going on in the ovary just previous to menstruation, cannot be brought about with- out a considerable increase of activity in the vascular and nervous portions of the ovaries themselves, amounting often to an intense excitement, shared in by the whole system, and in a very special manner by the uterus. At all times there is a considerable and corresponding effect on the womb, on its mucous lining membrane in a marked degree. The lining membrane relieves its turgescence, and the general congestion of the womb, by exuding the menstrual fluid drop by drop, which, as it thus passes, is pure blood, though this, at one time, was denied. On its way, however, through the vagina or passage from the womb, it gets mixed with the acid secretion of that canal, whereby its colour and qualities, especially that of coagulation or clotting, are changed; from this admixture it acquires also its peculiar odour. It is always, therefore, a sign of something wrong when any clots, however small, appear with the monthly flow. 66 un- The quantity passed at a monthly period varies consider- ably, as does the time over which it extends; some are well" only three days; some for a week, with intervals of remission; some pass three or four ounces during the time; others, six or eight, without inconvenience. It cannot be too strongly impressed upon the mind, that in no way whatever was menstruation intended, or does it ever get rid of, injurious and noisome matter, which, if retained, would prove hurtful to the constitution. In pregnancy, what under ordinary circumstances is the monthly loss, is stored up and made use of in the develop- ment of the embryo, or foetus. It is absolutely essential to any attempt at menstruation, that one or both ovaries should be present, and in a healthy condition. It is possible for the uterus, as has been the case in some very rare instances, to be entirely wanting, and still the effort to menstruate be strongly manifested. C 2 10 MENSTRUATION. It can form no matter for surprise, that the changes which are accomplished in the organs of generation, at and just before puberty, should be gradual; and that they should, to a greater or less extent, tax the energies of the young girl's constitution. Changes here, however, are carried on at the same time with changes of more general and extensive character. Not only do the internal sexual organs largely increase their bulk, the bony framework in which they are contained, and by which they are protected, increases in size and shape, giving a decided broadness across the hips; the bust also, in all properly-developed young women, rounds, and mental and moral qualities change; the general growth is often carried rapidly onward. The establishment of menstruation must be a time of patience, and often of anxiety; if its recurrence, at its stated times, should prove one of some little distress and discomfort, it need not be cause for wonder. The explanations and illustrations given in this chapter, will, it is hoped, render tolerably plain what menstruation is; and serve, perhaps, more than any iteration could, to impress on the minds of our readers the paramount necessity for special care and thought whenever the "regular" time comes round; and give them some idea of the penalties risked if they neglect to do so. They ought, also, to show the folly of attempting to "force nature" by strong medicines, female pills, or herb teas. It is also obvious, that during the time the changes connected with puberty are being carried on, judicious care and oversight should be exercised by those to whose charge young girls are committed. They should be prepared by timely information for what they may expect, that they may understand their position, and be prevented, through ignorance or foolish unreasoning disgust, from.en- deavouring, by cold bathing, or any other method equally rash, to get rid of the discharge as soon as it shows itself. This has been done repeatedly with most serious results. The prosecution of their studies should be duly regulated. No fixed law can be laid down: the number of different branches to be embraced in the course of education; the time to be given to each and to all; the whole of the details PREPARATION FOR MENSTRUATION. 11 of school life; the warming and ventilation of the school- room and bed-rooms; the diet, dress, and habits of the young girls, must be adapted to sound general physiological rules, and individual requirements. Mothers cannot be too careful, at the risk of being thought prying and over-particular, in making inquiries as to these matters, which so intimately relate to their children's welfare. Individual capacity and aptitude should be considerably more consulted in education than they are; that without both these, young girls cannot excel, is very seldom recognised in practice. It is difficult accurately to apportion the blame in this matter; the acquiescence of both parent and instructor is requisite to the perpetration of the wrong of compelling all to undergo the same amount of work, and the same routine. It is useless to expect reform until there is a far higher conception prevalent as to what education ought to be ;-the development of the moral and bodily, as well as mental powers; -a training for all the duties of life, not a constant system of forcing and cram ;--not the acquisition of a few showy accomplishments, or the smattering of half-a-dozen languages. From the system now pursued, it is positively horrifying to think what the next race of mothers are likely to be. Six hours a day of mental work is as much as a strong man can go through with safety: a great number of growing girls, not over-robust, are doomed to considerably more; the penalty they, unfortunately, pay in shattered nerves and ruined health. At this period, we must plead for some consideration to be shown to oddities, waywardness, irritability, lassitude, disin- clination for study, headache, and complainings of various kinds, which need to be firmly but kindly dealt with. The food should be amply sufficient, plain, and tolerably diversified. Young ladies should be taught not to be afraid of encouraging a good appetite. A good and substantial breakfast should be taken. If there is no inclination for this meal, it is an indication of something wrong; of too late or heavy suppers, or positive ill-health. Meat is not absolutely requisite more than once a day. Studies should not be con- 12 MANAGEMENT DURING PUBERTY. tinued just up to, nor resumed just after, a meal. It is a mistake to send girls out for a walk before breakfast, on the plea that it must be good for their health, unless a cup of milk, or cocoa, or coffee, with a slice of bread and butter, be taken first. Without this precaution, a walk on an empty sto- mach produces faintness, takes away the appetite for breakfast, and produces a languid, tired feeling for the rest of the day. Sleep must be had for a requisite number of hours, and as much of it secured before midnight as possible. If young ladies are upstairs by nine o'clock, they may reasonably be expected down in the morning by seven. There should be no curtains, and as little carpet in the bed-rooms as possible. On no account, whatever, should young girls sleep on feather beds, but on hair or spring mattresses. The healthiest plan by far for bed-rooms, would be to have the floors polished, as they are on the continent. The bed-rooms should be thoroughly ventilated, as it is necessary for health that we should be duly supplied with a pure atmosphere during the third of our lives we spend in them. It is impossible for any one to be long in a room without exhausting much of the oxygen, and replacing it by expired carbonic acid—a positive poison, which soon would prove so if doors and windows were made perfectly to fit; that is, where there is no other outlet: as it is, it makes its presence felt by heavy, unrefreshing slumber, disturbed dreams, tired limbs, and aching heads. It is not enough to have the room thoroughly freshened during the day by having the window open, and the whole of the bed-clothes turned down for an hour at least after rising: some much more efficient plan must be pursued. For want of precaution in this respect, numbers of the young of both sexes get tubercles, the result of impure blood deposited in their lungs; have them rapidly fostered by a continuance of the neglect, and die consumptive. One most highly important means, for the prevention, and eradication of this fell disease (consumption), is the insuring an efficient system, whereby impure air shall be carried off, and fresh air continuously admitted into bed-rooms during the night, supplemented by a course of Homœopathic medicine for any remaining delicacy, and the judicious employment VENTILATION OF BED-ROOMS. 13 of daily ablution, followed by regular out-door exercise. By these means, in the course of a generation, deaths from con- sumption, and the disease itself, would become as rare as they are now frequent. Even now, Homœopathy can do much in the relief of cases far gone, and the complete cure of others, without a sea voyage, residence in a warm climate, or sepa- ration from friends. There are several ways by which the ventilation of a bed- room can be secured, so that not one of any kind need remain without it. Whenever there is a chimney in a room (and no room ought to be without one), it should be unstopped, with no fire-board before the grate, but thoroughly open. If not seen about, it is almost sure to be securely stopped up. An open chimney affords an outlet for the foul air, which being heavy, naturally descends, and is forced up the chimney. For the admission of fresh air in summer, the window can be left partly open all night, especially if it opens at the top, which it should do, in some situations especially. To persons accustomed to it, the window at the upper part might be left a little way open all the year round; but this plan should not be begun in cold weather, nor by those who have not got accustomed to it, in warm. If the door of the room com- municate with another room, it may be left partially or wholly open; or if it lead on to a landing or staircase of any size, it may remain a little way open, with a short chain on the inside to make it secure. The bed should be so placed as to be out of the current of air, as draughts are never whole- some. This should be borne in mind, in any plan that may be adopted. A A ventilating pane, or a glass louvre, can be put into the top part of the window; or a ventilator, on the plan of those fixed to railway carriages, can be put in the top, or over the top, of the door of the room, with perforated zinc on the outside. It would materially add to the healthiness, and also to the comfort of our houses, if they were heated throughout during our long and often severe winters. In all new houses this can be done readily, and at no very extravagant outlay, by means of pipes communicating with, and fed by, the boiler 14 VENTILATION, AND HEATING OF DWELLINGS. of the cooking range, by which means, too, hot water can be secured for a bath at any time of the day or night. For many other houses this method could be adopted with a little planning; the outlay would be repaid in the saving of fuel; or, at all events, the comfort experienced would be an ample return, for less fuel would need to be burnt in the open fire- places, which, though most cheerful, are equally wasteful half, at least, of the heat from them finding its way up the chimney. The argument for having houses heated all over is, that though we keep the rooms in which we are during the day in winter very hot, we retire, for eight or nine hours, to a bed-room of an almost Siberian climate-naturally very try- ing and injurious to delicate constitutions, as chills with them produce internal congestion. When fires are used in bed- rooms, they should be kept in all night: when they go out, and the chimney gets cold, a draught of cold air sets in, down the chimney. Where open fireplaces are used, by a com- munication through a tin pipe, or otherwise, with the outer air under the floor, to a small opening of two inches square in the hearthstone immediately under the grate, a considerable draught in the room is prevented, and, above all, a smoky chimney. : School or class-rooms should be light and cheerful, of good height, well ventilated, and thoroughly dry in cold weather, kept of a comfortable equable temperature through- out. Open fireplaces cannot be sufficient to ensure this if the rooms are of large size, unless supplemented by heat from some other source, as hot-water pipes. In the matter of school-rooms, the children of the rich are frequently not as well provided for as those of the poor. In school-rooms. ventilation is as important as it is in bed-rooms. One of Heywood's galvanised iron ventilators to every eight feet square, will produce effectual ventilation. In sitting-rooms, where gas is used, and in drawing-rooms, these ventilators should also be introduced, as they keep the atmosphere perfectly fresh, without any draught, or the necessity of opening a window to however small a degree. In all factories, churches, and places of public resort, their employment would do away with the languor and headache DRESS AND EXERCISE. 15 inseparable from re-breathed carbonic acid, even when some- what diluted. The dress of girls should also be regulated with a view to the preservation of health-a consideration which is now, perhaps more than ever, laid aside, if indeed it ever has a moment's heed in the court of fashion. The dress should be a sensible protection against the variations, the cold winds, and chills of our climate. To leave the chest and shoulders bare, though sanctioned by custom, is an outrage to many a delicate constitution- robbed of protection just where it is specially needed. In winter, warm under-vests, stockings, and drawers should be worn, with clumped-soled boots for out-doors, and, in-doors, house-shoes instead of slippers. The dress should also be tolerably loose, so as to allow the lungs full play, every limb free movement, and put no impediment, by way of com- pression, on the organs of digestion. Dress, even when loose, considerably lessens the quantity of air taken in at a breath. A man, when dressed, can only take in 130 cubic inches at a time: when undressed, he can take in 190 with ease. The interference of stays must be very much greater. In the matter of exercise and recreation there needs as great a change as in dress. Staid, solemn walks, under the eye of a governess, are not all that young girls require. Walking is the best of exercises; but it should be brisk, free, unconstrained, and joyous, to confer its full benefit. Girls should be taught and encouraged to play, and enjoy it; they are far too early drilled into young ladies, and led to con- sider what is fitting to their assumed position; they have all the girlhood crushed out of them. Every game, proportioned to their age, which tends to develop limb and muscle and chest, is of too great service to be tabooed. Ball, tennis, and rounders, skipping-ropes and hoops, battledore, archery, croquet, and dancing; and, above all, if in any way within their reach, riding on donkey, pony, or horseback. Gymnastic exercises, not as a task, but as a daily recrea- tion, are fortunately becoming part of the routine of most. schools. They fully deserve all the attention that can be given to them. 16 AFFECTIONS OF THE SPINE. $ At this time, soon after the establishment of puberty, spinal affections creep on very insidiously. AFFECTIONS OF THE SPINE. Spinal affections are very common; they are intimately connected, in two forms at least, with the peculiar functions of the female economy, and are apt to be produced by the very means which mothers and other guardians of young ladies adopt with a view of preventing them. A succinct account of their origin, appearances, and treatment, may not be out of place. Spinal deformity, or spinal curvature, is of two kinds ; distinct as to cause, manner of appearance, and probable issue. One is designated lateral, the other angular curvature. Angular curvature is met with both in boys and girls alike, from early childhood to full-grown womanhood; is always caused by disease of the bones of the spine, and in- evitably results in permanent, incurable deformity-the patient becoming humpbacked. Lateral, or what is more usually called "spinal curva- ture," occurs between the ages of ten and eighteen; it may be regarded as an affection of puberty, and is pretty nearly confined to girls; it arises from general debility and local muscular weakness: there is no disease of the spine, but a double twist, and a slight rounded projection. Spinal curva- ture may be prevented, arrested in its course, and very materially counteracted, if not entirely cured, in its most advanced stages. Angular curvature, like hip disease, is a manifestation of scrofulous taint or weakness. The front, main, and thickest part of the bones of the spine or vertebræ, become infiltrated, decay, crumble away, and collapse; causing a jutting-out, angular projection behind, a locking together of some of the bones of the spine, a stretching of some of the muscles and ligaments, with a contraction of others. The process is gradual; its effects, however, very often display themselves rather suddenly; a fall, blow, or injury, which, by directing attention to the back, may serve to render the distortion AFFECTIONS OF THE SPINE. 17 ، apparent; or the mother or nurse may notice a projection, scarcely, as she may think, worthy of notice-one she feels sure the child will outgrow. The only means of pre- vention lies in scrupulously carrying out a systematic and common-sense physical training, as to food, clothing, rest, and exercise, with all children, and especially with those of feeble constitution, or of delicate parentage. It is a false and pernicious delicacy which prevents the adoption of such a course, lest, by pursuing it, any one should be considered as making a tacit admission of the delicacy of their children. A taint or weakness, if not eradicated, is sure to make itself apparent in some unwelcome form or other. Delicate chil- dren, from the age of six months upwards, are all the better, where it can be obtained, for systematic and scientifically- directed exercise of the muscles of the spine and lower extremi- ties, and medical rubbing. If, when older, there is difficulty in standing or sitting up, or a tendency to lean the body forward, especially if turning in bed, occasions pain in the back, if jumping from a stool or stair on to the ground, gives a shock to the spine or sharp pain, mischief has already set. in. The child will present an old, staid, careful, anxious look. In young people, a weakness of the back, a shuffling, tottering gait, with the feet turned outwards, and the legs spread wide—a distinguishable want of power in getting up- stairs-pains in the loins, back, and thighs, simulating rheu- matism—are suspicious symptoms, demanding, at least, a careful examination of the spine, that tenderness and dis- ease, if it exist, may be detected, and, as far as possible, remedied. Caries, or decay of the bones of the spine, not unfrequently runs on to strumous abscess of the loins, hips, buttocks, or upper part of the thigh. The paramount thing in the treatment of this disease of the spine, whether in children or young people, is absolute rest in a recumbent position. In thoroughly carrying out this, under medical supervision, especially as riding out in a carriage is not interdicted, the general health is not found to suffer in the least, but generally improves from the fact of a constant source of irritation from movement of the bones of the spine being reduced to a minimum, and all but pre- 18 AFFECTIONS OF THE SPINE. vented. In order to afford all the opportunity possible. for the displaced vertebræ becoming consolidated, and to aid the reparative process of knitting and fusing them into one another, like, in result, to the union of a broken thigh bone. This necessitates from half a year to a year's confinement to a spinal couch, according to the age of the patient; to be followed, for a time, by a spinal support, until the spine is strong enough to bear the weight of the body unassisted. If this precaution be neglected, a much greater deformity will result than will ensue if it be observed. Nothing is better adapted, in all spinal affections, than one of Robinson's prone couches. The portions of the spine above and below the point of projection, may be temporarily stretched by an extending couch, the spine lengthened, and the deformity, apparently, considerably lessened; but as the inclination of the spine is really unaffected, the improvement is but for a time; the old state of things soon returns, and the crooked back is as crooked as ever. Lateral curvature is, fortunately, when far advanced, re- mediable by rightly-adapted treatment; it is much more common than angular curvature. Rightly to understand it, the causes that lead to it must be duly considered, fre- quent efforts made to prevent stooping, round shoulders, or a growing-out of one side. With less constitutionaĺ strength than boys, a far greater demand is made upon the physical powers of young girls, who are foolishly, in an ordi- nary way, denied any opportunities for physical training. Their period of freedom and unrestrained exercise comes to a much earlier end than that of boys. Some girls are natu- rally ungainly and awkward; more are made so by the undue fatigue which the posture, whether standing or sitting, that they are required to maintain for hours at a stretch, inevitably engenders. Their muscles are not consoli- dated; their spines are undergoing the process of growth, and the powers of their constitution are being taxed, so as to rob other parts of the frame for the due establishment and maintenance of the menstrual function. Moderately fre- quent changes of position are absolutely demanded, also re- AFFECTIONS OF THE SPINE. 19 clining on a slanting board or couch part of the day, and periodical rhythmical exercise of the muscles, to impart strength and firmness, and to give ease as well as dignity of carriage. Further, the efforts that are made to improve the figure by corsets and stays, have, in many ways, most injuri- ous effects. The amount of compression ultimately exercised and borne is surprising; if it were not attained by very gradual changes, it would be directly fatal. What is consi- dered the point of beauty and perfection, is really a hideous deformity, accompanied by most serious displacement and derangement of organs, whose due working is absolutely essential even to moderate health. When these contrivances are resorted to as a support, their first effect is delusive; they are regarded by the young girl as a welcome relief; they supplement, and soon supersede, the action of the muscles, whose office it is to maintain the spine in its erect position. She is erect, it cannot be denied, and in virtue of her stays. Everywhere, however, it is an inexorable law, that muscles not exercised, become enfeebled, and soon shrink to much less than their usual size, with a still further diminu- tion of power, so that young girls get dependent almost entirely on their stays. Compression, however, as well as support, is aimed at; and, in course of time, the standard of deformity, or something approaching it, is attained; but at what a cost! The depth and capacity of the chest are seri- ously lessened; and the breathing, especially after such exer- cise as is possible, is considerably quickened. A diminution of the capacity of the chest is a lessening of the absolute vital power of the constitution. It is there that the life- giving and life-sustaining circulating fluid, the blood, is re- oxygenised, vivified, and made fit to maintain the force, and repair the waste, of the various parts of the body-a waste that is going on every moment. Imperfectly oxygenised blood means want of ordinary energy and spirits; heart, brain, stomach, liver, every organ of the body repaired with badly elaborated material, and thereby rendered progres- sionally unfit for its duties; whilst, by quickened respira- tion, these ill-nourished organs are made to do more than their usual work in a given time, greater stress being put on. 20 AFFECTIONS OF THE SPINE. them just as their capability to bear it lessens. Again, the heart, stomach, liver, and bowels are pushed out of their places, forced and maintained in positions in which it is increasingly difficult for them to discharge their functions. No wonder that indigestion, lowness of spirits, constipation, palpitation, loss of colour, and hacking cough set in, with a perceptible one-sidedness of chest, shoulders, hips, and spine. The spine assumes a double curvature, in shape like an italic ƒ; and the bones, or vertebræ at its lower part, more or less turned round, so that there is protuberance or jutting- out as well as curvature. Lateral curvature of the spine resolves itself, therefore, into general and local weakness, general debility, and muscular weakness, aggravated, in many instances, by unnatural support and compression. The treatment must be constitutional and local, in order fully to meet the requirements of the case; both combined effect wonders. The exercises must be varied, and their character accurately graduated to the strength of the patient; made a pleasure and relaxation rather than a task; adhered to systematically, and taken in a lofty, well-ventilated apartment, or out of doors. In any case the desired changes can but be effected very gradually; anything rash or violent must only defeat its end; anything speedy is utterly out of the question. Where exercises of the right kind cannot be obtained, all rough substitutes and imitations, even where they do no harm, are only so much loss of time. Nicely adjusted instru- ments-light, without being too weak, made to support and not to confine or tire, and capable of being altered to any variation-must then be resorted to. The writer has had under his care patients who have made surprising improve- ment with the use of such instruments, and constant super- vision. The treatment by exercises is in every way prefer- able. High shoulders, contracted chests, and stooping forward, may all come under the same category as ordinary spinal curvature, and are amenable to the same treatment. Pigeon-breast-a deformity that Mr. Shaw has justly pointed out as resulting from repeated attacks of spas- AFFECTIONS OF THE SPINE. 21 modic breathing, as Millar's asthma or croup-is easily reducible by graduated exercises. In schools, time should be found for the teaching of the Laws of Health and the rudiments of Physiology, as one of the necessaries of education to all young ladies before they leave school, that, in every endeavour for their welfare, their own sensible co-operation may be secured; and that they may be prepared the better for the active duties of woman- hood, wifehood, and motherhood. Very great harm is in every way inflicted by staid, fashion- able, full-dress parties, with their excitement, rich viands, wine, and late hours, for children and young ladies. With these, health of body and vigour of mind are all but impos- sible; it is the putting of old heads, and not very wise ones either, on young shoulders. 22 CHAPTER II. DISORDERS OF MENSTRUATION. PRECOCIOUS MENSTRUATION; DELAY OF FIRST MENSTRUATION, WHERE THERE IS NO EFFORT, BUT WHERE SOME AFFECTION SHOWS ITSElf, AS-OF THE CIRCULATION, OF THE DIGESTIVE APPARATUS, WANT OF APPETITE, CONSTIPATION, DIARRHEA, ANEMIA, CHLOROSIS-OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM, NEURALGIA, HEADACHE, HYSTERIA, CATALEPSY, CHOREA, OR ST. VITUS'S DANCE, EPILEPSY, FAINTING FITS; SUP- PRESSION OF MENSTRUATION, OR AMENORRHEA WITH EFFORT ; IRRE- GULAR MENSTRUATION IN THE YOUNG-AMENORRHEA, AND THE SKIN DISEASES WITH WHICH IT IS CONNECTED-VICARIOUS MENSTRU- ATION—IRREGULAR MENSTRUATION GENERALLY-PAINFUL MENSTRU- ATION—PROFUSE MENSTRUATION-CESSATION OF MENSTRUATION, or CHANGE OF LIFE-SICK HEADACHE. WE now proceed to notice certain specific disorders con- nected with, or ushering in, menstruation. That menstruation comes too early, or is precocious, must be determined more by the effect on the constitution than by time and age. In individual cases, it may be just as much too early at fourteen as it would be in another at twelve. If it be an effort and a drain, if strength that should be expended in growth and consolidation is appropriated in the attempt at menstruation, medicinal and general treat- ment should be had recourse to, that serious consequences may be avoided. China. Three times a day, if there is much feebleness. Aletris Farinosa.-If this feebleness has associated with it, as a marked symptom, very slow and weak digestion. Two drops, 3rd dilution, of either, every four hours. Helonias.-If the patient is very pale and short of breath after the least exertion. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Calcarea Carbonica. The patient grows very fast; loses her colour; her flesh is flabby; she sometimes perspires at night. A grain, 6th trituration, every twelve hours. DELAY OF FIRST MENSTRUATION. 23 As hydropathic measures, a dripping sheet on rising, at first tepid, then, in about ten days, quite cold, followed by brisk rubbing; a cold sitz bath for three minutes at eleven, followed by friction and a brisk walk. Freedom from all studies; a life as much as possible in the open air; residence in a high, dry situation, with bracing air; exercise, where practicable, on pony or donkey-back; carriage exercise is better than none at all; but any other is preferable. A plain, nutritious, and abundant diet. If the first menstruation is delayed beyond the time the mother expects its appearance, she need not necessarily con- sider it a cause for solicitude, unless the general health suffer. The state of the health will be her guide. All forcing measures, as decoctions, pills, or drops, often utterly inoperative for the end for which they are taken, cannot fail to be productive of considerable harm to the con- stitution. Sh If the injunctions previously laid down are carried out, nothing more will be demanded than attention to symptoms as they arise. If there should be no marked, general, or local disturb- ance, leave well alone. Let no well-meaning friend dis- quiet you by her prognostications and advice, even if men- struation should be delayed to the fifteenth or sixteenth year. The possibility of some physical defect existing may be borne in mind: such cases, however, are rare; and when they do exist, always attended by local distress. Disease, or absence of the ovaries, may prevent the elabo- ration of the menstrual fluid; closure of the mouth of the womb, adherence of the sides of the vagina, or a totally imperforate hymen, may and would sufficiently account for its non-appearance. The diagnosis and treatment of such cases require pro- fessional skill. If constitutional delicacy be the cause of delay, the mere tonic and alterative medicines of allopathic practice are not sufficient. The sources of delicacy are too subtle and diver- D 24 DERANGEMENTS ATTENDING FIRST MENSTRUATION. sified to be reached by means less specific and searching than those of Homœopathy. It is not stimulation, it is correction, it is the strength to make healthy tissue that is required, and this necessarily takes time. Time and patience here bring their own reward, since with what is required accomplished now, a new start in life, something akin to a new constitution, may be acquired. The principal deviations likely to be met with at this period, are those of the Circulation, Digestion, and the Nervous System. Derangements of the Circulation may be met with two remedies. Aconite.-Feverishness and chilliness; thirst; quick pulse; flushed face; cold feet; giddiness; headache; rest- lessness. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Veratrum Viride.-Pale cold face; nose looks pinched; paleness very perceptible round the lips and the side of the nose; dull, heavy pain in the forehead, with giddiness; ringing in the ears; oppression at the chest; pricking or burning pains about the heart; general uneasiness at the stomach; nausea; aching pains at the back of the neck and shoulders. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Derangements of the Digestive Apparatus may com- prise want of appetite; pain and distress at the stomach before or after food; constipation, with or without piles; diarrhoea; general debility; anemia, or bloodlessness; and its near ally, chlorosis. Many of these are produced or greatly aggravated by the irregular times at which food is taken-eating sweet cakes, pastry, or more solid matters between meals; a hurried method of eating; insufficient mastication; indigestible trash, such as hot buttered rolls, new bread, rich pastry, highly seasoned and flavoured dishes, pork, shell fish, salmon or eels, strong coffee, green tea, free use of stimulants; insufficient clothing; too close confine- ment within doors, and neglect of out-door exercise; long- continued occupation or study; dark or damp rooms; late LOSS OF APPETITE-PAIN AFTER FOOD, 25 hours; and excitement of various kinds. No medicine, whatever its nature, or however well adapted to a case, can be expected to be of use whilst such pernicious, exciting causes as these remain in operation. Ladies, with a full con- sciousness of many a dereliction in the catalogue enumerated above, take Homœopathic medicines, fondly expecting them to act like a charm. It is not fair to blame Homœopathy for the failure, and content themselves with observing, that they have tried it, but it did not succeed; it did them no good. WANT OF APPETITE-PAIN BEFORE AND AFTER FOOD. The medicines most likely to be of service are— Chamomilla.-Complete loss of appetite; bitter taste, and inclination to vomit; distension of bowels; yellowish complexion; irritability; or, on the contrary, unnatural appetite; craving for raw vegetables, or coffee; aversion to beer or broth. Three drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Ignatia. There is very little appetite, or it is entirely capricious, and as soon as a little food has been taken, there is no relish for anything more; it becomes positively dis- agreeable. The food is apt to rise again, or there is a gulp- ing-up of bitter fluid. The food desired is generally bread and butter or cheese, and there may be a longing for wine, brandy, fruit, or milk; special aversion to warm food-meat. Saliva runs from the mouth on to the pillow during sleep. Three drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. M Phosphoric Acid.-Pale face; blue margins round eyes; itching pimples on face; bread disagrees, it tastes very bitter; general loss of appetite; great desire for cold milk or beer, or juicy, refreshing things. Acids disagree. Three drops, 3rd dilution, every three or four hours. Pulsatilla. Everything the least greasy or rich disagrees; chilliness; nausea; greasy or pungent, hot, bitter, or putrid taste in mouth; tearful mood; tendency to diarrhoea; water- brash; salt or sour vomiting; longing for stewed prunes; D 2 26 DISORDERS OF MENSTRUATION. for butter, bread, and fruit; desires food, but does not know what; wants beer or spirits; pale face; yellowish complexion. Three drops, 2nd dilution, every three hours. Nux Vomica.-Uncomfortable distension after meals; the clothes have to be loosened to give relief; heartburn ; waterbrash; hiccough; constipation; restless nights; prone to take offence, and at trifles; sour or bitter, slimy, herby, or putrid taste; aversion to bread, to her usual food and drink, to beer; hunger, which changes to a feeling of reple- tion on taking ever so little. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Iris.-Gnawing pain, or great burning distress, aggra- vated by cold water at the stomach, relieved by taking food : it soon, however, returns. Specially suited to those subject to bilious diarrhoea. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every four hours. Carbo Vegetabilis.-Constant distress from accumula- tion of flatulence, the raising of which affords but little relief, as it soon collects again; heartburn; bitter or sour taste; food of which she used to be very fond is disagreeable to her; repugnance to fat meat, butter, and milk; desire for something sweet or salt, and for coffee; complexion grey- yellow, or great paleness. A grain, 1st trituration, every two or three hours. China. Drowsiness, and a feeling of oppression after eating; flat, insipid taste in the mouth; qualmishness; returning of the food; prostration; shuddering after drink- ing; disagreeable, fetid flatulence; yearning for dainties; for various things without knowing which; unnatural vora- city; desire for wine or sour things, particularly sour fruit, cherries; heartburn; sour vomiting. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Arsenicum.-Burning pain in region of stomach, which is sensitive to the touch and pressure; thirst, but can drink but little at a time; nausea persistent, and distressing, often vomiting; derangements caused by taking ices, or DERANGED APPETITE. 27 fruit, or acid things; tongue clean, red, like beefsteak; food has no taste; it is too salt, or it is not salt enough; desire for vinegar or acid fruit, cold water, for brandy, for coffee or milk. Sometimes the thought of any food, but especially boiled meat, or at other times butter, is intolerable; coun- tenance looks pinched. One grain, 6th trituration, every three or four hours. Helonias.-Marked dryness of lips, mouth, and tongue; pain, tightness, and pressure in the stomach after food; partially relieved by eructations of tasteless gas; rumblings in the bowels; loss of appetite; cramps; lowness of spirits. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. DISORDERS OF APPETITE. Cicuta.-Great desire for coal or cinders; deadly pale face; subject to tremors and hysteric spasms. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every four hours. Graphites.-Pale, yellow face, with weak eyes; salt, bitter, or sour taste; great desire for beer, to cool oneself internally; no appetite, or voracious hunger, followed by nausea and giddiness; aversion to warm food, to salt things, to liquors generally, to meat and fish. She can, however, be got to take meat, and then it tastes tolerably well whilst eating it; great thirst. A grain, 6th trituration, every four or six hours. Digitalis. Desire for sour drinks, or bitter food; pale face; difficult, slow, and deep breathing; cannot hold her breath for any time; has to take, very frequently, a deep breath; stitches in the chest; throbbing in right side of it; feeling of great fatigue in the knees in going upstairs; tight- ness in the bends of the knees; the legs feel weary. Three drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Hepar. Taste as of rotten eggs; dislike to fat; desire for sour and strong-tasting substances; for wine and vinegar; 28 DISORDERS OF MENSTRUATION. yellow complexion; blue borders round the eyes; great pale- ness of the face, even when heated by exercise. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three or four hours. Argentum Nitricum.-Inky, metallic, or coppery taste; food tastes like straw; irresistible desire for sugar; trem- bling and throbbing in the stomach; sickly appearance, sunken, pale, bluish, old look; the skin seems tightly drawn over the bones of the face; coldness in abdomen; great desire for sleep as she is sitting in an evening; dizziness and cloudiness of the brain; debility and despondency; afraid to undertake anything lest she should not succeed. Half a grain, 6th trituration, every six hours. Lycopodium.-Pale, yellowish, grey, sunken sunken face ; sometimes almost livid, with deep wrinkles; at others, pim- ples and freckles; mouldy cheesy taste; excessive hunger; the more she eats the more she craves or desires to eat, with- out real hunger; desire for sweet things; aversion to solid food; cannot eat anything, even the best, before having tasted it, but afterwards cannot eat enough. Half a grain, 6th trituration, every four or six hours. G Mercurius.-White, clay-coloured face, with attenuated, sunken features, and dim, gloomy eyes; metallic or soapy taste, or of putrid eggs; food and drink, especially water, taste slimy and salt, bread sweet, and beer sour; no desire for wine or brandy, to which she has been accustomed; aver- sion to beef, meat generally, and butter, also coffee, and sweets; cares only for cold food; more desire for drinking than eating; progressive weakness. Half a grain, 6th trituration, every four or six hours. Moschus.-Earthy complexion; aversion to food on merely seeing it; sick feeling at the stomach, as if she would vomit; great desire for beer and brandy; numbness of the limbs; hysterical paroxysms. One drop, 1st dilution, every three hours. Natrum Muriaticum.-Face shining, as from grease; 3 DERANGEMENTS OF DIGESTION. 29 yellowish look; loss of taste, or it is flat and watery; re- pugnance to coffee and brown bread, and fat meat; thirst, but almost no desire for drink; heartburn; acidity; eructa- tions; distension of abdomen; colic. One grain, 3rd trituration, every three hours. Nitric Acid.-Sickly yellowness of face, particularly round the eyes, which seem deeper set than usual; bloated- ness round the eyes on waking; sour or sweet taste; want of appetite; feels satisfied directly; cares only for herrings, or fat things, or for earth, chalk, lime; aversion specially to boiled food, to sweet things, to bread; rumbling in abdomen; much yawning; excessive languor; great weakness in knees and elbows. B Two drops, 6th dilution, every three hours. Plumbum.-Cadaverous, death-like, lead-coloured, sad countenance; looks older, considerably, than she usually does; loss of appetite; no thirst at all; inclination to vomit, and loathing of food. Quarter of a grain, 6th trituration, every three or four hours. Sepia. Pale face, with blue margins round eyes, which are sunken; aversion to all food, especially meat, or can only eat bread and butter or soup; nothing tastes well; the bare idea of food makes her feel sick; everything tastes too salt; aversion to milk; desire for wine, which she does not other- wise drink, and for vinegar. One grain, 6th trituration, every four or six hours. Silicea.-Pale, swollen face; chilliness; very cold feet; wants cold raw things; drowsy and faint; nausea; relieved by lying down; colic and heartburn. One grain, 6th trituration, every four hours. Veratrum Album.-Cold, disfigured face, with pointed nose and sunken cheeks; accumulation of water in the mouth; desire for fruit, for lemon juice, for acid cooling things; herb-like taste in mouth, or bitter, and even putrid, as of manure; great inclination for cold things, also for her- 30 DISORDERS OF MENSTRUATION. rings, for sardines, for cucumbers; vomiting of green mucus; diarrhoea; faintness; cramps in legs at night. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Sulphur.-Pale, bloated face, with wretched look; deep eyes, surrounded by blue margins; the region of the stomach is very painful when pressing it-even the weight of a light bed-cover causes pain; taste in the mouth varies from that of dough and a flat taste-a sensation as though greasy vapour were rising in the throat, to a sweetish, or even bitter, sour, and coppery taste; salt taste of food; everything tastes alike, or it tastes like straw, and smells like lime; empty feeling in the stomach; a little food satiates, or the sight even of food takes away all desire for it; violent thirst for beer; aversion to meat; milk, farinaceous food, vegetables, and fat, disagree; irresistible desire for sugar, which, how- ever, often causes pain at the stomach; heartburn; nausea. One grain, 6th trituration, every three hours. - Aletris.-Disgust at all food; nausea, but no vomiting; constipation; faintness; giddiness; sleepiness; the least quantity of food taken causes great distress at stomach. Very suitable for those whose weakness has been increased by over- study. M M Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Hydrastis. A faint, gone feeling at the pit of the stomach, which it seems as though nothing could take away; after food, oppression, nausea, and violent long-continued palpitation, and sour risings. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Xanthoxylum.-Mouth feels hot, with foul taste; yellow, furred tongue; fluttering in the stomach, with nausea and eructations; profuse flow of saliva; heaviness of the head; ringing in the ears; and a nervous, frightened, distressed feeling. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Argentum. -A frequent, irrepressible croaking, like frogs, in the bowels. Half a grain, 6th trituration, every six hours. CONSTIPATION. 31 CONSTIPATION. Where constipation is a prominent and distressing symp- tom, it will be as ineffectual as it is unwise to attempt to overcome it by any aperient, however seductive in name or appearance. All purgatives act by virtue of the irri- tation they produce. Forced action is always followed by inaction, which, in the case of the bowels, means constipa- tion. Those who suffer from sluggish bowels, should refrain altogether from baker's bread, as it usually contains alum, an astringent, and take home-made, bran, or whole-meal bread. Want of exercise is another fruitful source of irregu- larity a glass of cold water, on rising, has a beneficial effect with many. Sometimes, as in recovery from attacks of ill- ness, nature sets up constipation, that she may the more readily repair the waste, and counteract the debility; it may sometimes be constitutional: not unfrequently, it is brought on, and perpetuated, by thoughtlessness. The old adage, that use is second nature, is nowhere exemplified more strongly than in the case of the bowels; they should be relieved at stated times, and relief should be sought at those times regularly, whether inclination be present or not. The medicines to be employed are— Opium, where constipation is habitual, or where it is pro- longed. The loss of power seems to be in the lower bowel, or rectum; there is no very great urging; the orifice appears as if closed; there is loss of appetite; heat of face, and headache; beating, and heavy feeling in the bowels. Two drops, 6th dilution, night and morning. Collinsonia.- Constipation as the result of previous allo- pathic purgation. Two drops, 3rd dilution, night and morning. Hydrastis. Chronic and obstinate constipation, where the bowels act but once or twice in a week; and then with severe smarting, and a good deal of pain, lasting for some time after, and often producing faintness. Three drops, 3rd dilution, night and morning. 32 DISORDERS OF MENSTRUATION. Bryonia. Constipation in those of bilious temperament, the vehement, and the taciturn; some hard matter may be passed with considerable difficulty and protrusion of the rectum. Suitable for cases in which there is alternate con- stipation and diarrhoea. Two drops, 3rd dilution, night and morning. Alumina.-Inclination, and effort at relief, with strain- ing; when anything is passed it is hard, knotty, and scanty, and occasions pricking and excoriation. A grain of 6th trituration, night and morning. Mercurius Vivus.-Constipation, with constant desire for relief; low-spiritedness; loss of appetite; bad taste in mouth; if there is any relief, it is with considerable effort, and is attended by chills and shivering. Half a grain, 6th trituration, night and morning. Plumbum.-When relief is attempted, the anus is drawn up by spasmodic action; if there is any evacuation, it is hard and knotty. The constipation to which it is applicable appears to result from a deficiency of mucous secretion in the intestines. Half a grain, 6th trituration, night and morning. Nux Vomica.-Constipation, with frequent ineffectual urging; loss of appetite; distension of abdomen; headache; vexed mood; disinclination for the usual employment; constipation as the result of indigestion, or from inactivity, or torpidity of the bowels, from the effect of sedentary occu- pation or rich living; and in those subject to piles. Two drops, 3rd dilution, night and morning. Sulphur.-Habitual costiveness. Adapted for the cases to which Nux Vomica applies, when that remedy does not relieve. A grain, 6th trituration, night and morning. Give the medicine chosen a fair trial. Do not change from one to the other without due consideration. Where a medicine needs to be repeated for three days, wait for two days without any before continuing it or trying any other. t DELAY OF MENSTRUATION, WITH DIARRHŒA. 33 DIARRHEA. Arsenicum. With tearing pains; watery, chiefly at night, with thirst and prostration, often with vomiting; cold limbs; pale, sunken face. Half a grain, 6th trituration, every four hours. Mercurius.-Straining, voiding of mucus, streaked with blood, or slimy, frothy, bilious diarrhoea, like stirred eggs; chills, shiverings, burning, and soreness at anus; colicky pain about navel. Half a grain, 6th trituration, every three hours. China. Copious evacuations after a meal, mixed with undigested food, and painless; complete prostration. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Chamomilla.-Yellowish and greenish diarrhoea, with very violent pains in the bowels, of a tearing, cutting nature; bloated abdomen; eructations, with nausea, and frequent bilious vomiting. Three drops, 3rd dilution, every two hours. Rhubarb.-Copious, sour-smelling dejections, as though fermenting; frequent urging and straining. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every three hours. Ipecacuanha.-Where the vomiting is even a more pro- minent symptom than the diarrhoea, and when grass-green matters are brought up. Three drops, 3rd dilution, every hour or two hours. Nux Vomica.-Morning diarrhoea, or after dinner; fre- quent scanty evacuations of dark colour; mucus; urging and straining; pains in back and thighs. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Veratrum Album.-Frequent diarrhoea, with cutting pains before and after; cold sweat on the forehead; great prostration; feeling of coldness in abdomen; a good deal of 34 DISORDERS OF MENSTRUATION-DIARRHEA. rumbling, when there are violent evacuations upwards and downwards, with cramps in the legs. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Iris.—Diarrhoea, brown, lumpy, and very offensive; cut- ting pains in lower part of abdomen, obliging her to bend forward for relief; discharges of fetid flatulence; rum- bling in the bowels; lassitude. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Podophyllum.-Morning diarrhoea, or immediately after eating or drinking; copious bilious evacuations, very offensive, smelling like putrid flesh, and resembling pea- soup; severe pain in the side of the bowels, and in the loins, worse during and after an evacuation, with death-like nausea. In the diarrhoea to which both this remedy and Nux Vomica is applicable, there is often protrusion of the rectum. Two drops, 3rd dilution, at night. Pulsatilla.-Watery, greenish diarrhoea, chilliness after- wards; cutting pains in bowels both before and after; fre- quent urging to stool; stiffness in the back; distension of abdomen, with frequent urging, followed by a discharge of mucus only, and especially at night. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every two hours. Sulphur.-In all long-standing cases of diarrhoea, as an intercurrent remedy; most suitable to begin the treatment with when a case has been under allopathy. A grain, 6th trituration, every twelve hours. For drink, rice-water; very little food, except arrowroot; tepid compresses kept over the bowels. ANEMIA. There may be marked debility and bloodlessness, with palpitation and shortness of breath on any slight exertion. Iodium.-Pale, chlorotic face, or pale face alternating with redness; excessive shortness of breath on going up- stairs, or on ascending an eminence; frequent palpitation of ANEMIA. 35 the heart; great nervousness; debility; and weakness of the legs. Two drops, 6th dilution, every three or four hours. Calcarea.-Attacks of general exhaustion; anxious, trem- bling; depression; pale face; coldness of the hands and feet, or burning in the palms and soles, with congestion of blood to head and chest; palpitation; faintings; drops of perspiration on the face; weariness of the limbs; weakness of the knees; easily tired after the least exertion; sensitiveness to cold evening air; easily takes cold. A grain, 6th trituration, every six hours. Ferrum.-Dulness, confusion, and dizziness, increased when looking at flowing water or moving objects; humming in the ears; pain in the forehead, as though it would burst; pale face, puffy round the eyes, yellowish-white lips, breathing difficult, as if from pressure on the chest; shortness of breath, even when sitting; diarrhoea often an attendant symptom. Two grains, 1st trituration, every four hours. China. In addition to symptoms mentioned just now, there are lowness of spirits, indifference, apathy, want of disposition for any pursuit, or nervous irritability; pale sunken face, sickly grey-yellow, or clay-coloured. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every four hours. Arsenicum.-Anguish, agitation; feels as though she had committed some crime; great prostration; over-sensitive- ness; appearance of anxiety; swelling of upper part of face, which is altogether sickly, greenish, and pinched. Half grain, 6th trituration, every six hours. Helonias. Complete loss of appetite; great emaciation and debility; unable to walk far at a time; morning head- ache at the back; pale, chlorotic skin; tongue red at the tip and edges, white in the centre; desires to be left alone; dull and gloomy; all conversation is unpleasant; cannot endure the least contradiction, or receive any suggestion, in relation to any subject. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every four hours. i 36 CHLOROSIS. · Nux Vomica.-Anxiety, as though threatened with some misfortune; solicitude about her health; likes to talk about herself and her feelings; great sensitiveness to external impres- sions, noise, talking, strong scents and odours, or bright light; she is unable to bear pain without moaning and lamen- tation; trifling ailments affect her almost beyond measure; earthy, yellowish complexion, especially round the nose and mouth; blue margins round the eyes; nose looks sharper and more pointed than usual; the face sunken. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every four hours. It is not to be expected that any one case will present all the features described under any one medicine; the fulness of detail may enable a resemblance to be detected more easily. CHLOROSIS. Under the head of Affections of the Digestive Apparatus; Want of Appetite-Pain before and after Food; and Anemia, will be found medicines applying also to this affection. Chlorosis, or Green Sickness (from the colour of the skin), as it is popularly called, is connected with puberty and the establishment of menstruation. A corresponding condition sometimes shows itself in pregnancy. It is not simply deficiency, nor a watery condition of the blood, nor that of white-cell blood, or Leucocythemia, where the yellow and colourless corpuscles of the blood are five times as numerous as in health. The cases of leucocythemia are very rare to make a comparison with. The only one I have ever seen-a well-marked instance-bore no resemblance, except theoreti- cally, to chlorosis: the countenance was dusky, bloated, and utterly unlike itself; so much so, that the patient had not been allowed to see herself for two years: it was not hideous or distorted; it was unnatural, utterly changed in expression and contour. The debility was extreme, and the craving for, and tolerance of, stimulants, something remarkable. The body emitted a strong, fishy odour; the menstrual function was regularly, but painfully, performed; the spleen was CHLOROSIS. 37 unmistakeably implicated; and throat symptoms, indicating Arsenic, were frequently, almost periodically, manifested. This case resulted from cachexia, after fever. In Chlorosis, to the pallor of anemia, there is super- added a yellowish-green aspect, more or less defined; a peculiar odour of the breath and body generally. We have pallor, languor, habitual inertia, and melancholy; the face becomes bloated, or the eyelids swollen, especially in the morning, and encircled by dark rings, contrasting strongly with the pearly colour of the whites of the eyes, and the pallor of the face and lips. The eyes are sad and languish- ing; the skin dry and cool; digestion deranged; strange and depraved appetite; desire for salt, vinegar, and green fruit, or for indigestible substances, such as coal, plaster, earth, or ashes, or a thorough disgust for the food which is ordinarily and usually preferred. The patient has a frequent inclination to make deep and strong inspirations; there is palpitation, with creeping chills, increased by walking, by any slight exercise, or mental emotion; the least ascent has to be made slowly and pain- fully, and is often impossible without frequent rests. The heart and arteries beat with great force, having a prolonged vibration, or humming sound, and a bellows murmur. is a frequent, obstinate and severe pain in the left side, just under the breast. In some cases the appetite is increased beyond measure, rather than depraved; food is followed by a sense of weight and heat, acid risings, nausea, and vomit- ing; nervous pains in the throat, extending through to the shoulders; alternate constipation of white and hard fæces and diarrhoea; the urine small in quantity, or pale and limpid; the debility, lassitude, and a great desire for sleep or complete rest, increase from day to day. There Chlorosis is an example of blood-poisoning; or, at all events, blood depravity, and is allied to consumption, in which its increasing debility and feebleness may end, or general dropsy may be the issue. The heart-sounds referred to above, the pain in the side, the palpitation, and the sighing, the inability to take much exercise, or make even ordinary exertion with comfort, do 38 CHLOROSIS. 1 not arise from disease of the heart, but, as in ague, from the watery condition of the blood. In advanced cases, the sub- stance of the heart itself, like every other organ of the body, is badly nourished by reason of an impure circulating fluid: the spleen is considerably affected. In patients subject to chorea, or St. Vitus's Dance, chlorotic symptoms often manifest themselves. In addition to the persevering use of medicine, attention must be paid to clothing, diet, and exercise. The clothing must be warm and comfortable-merino vests, drawers and stockings, and warm woollen night-socks; the food light, nutritious, and varied; fancies for trash must not be indulged in; exercise must be taken as it can be borne; gentle and frequent walks, rides, well wrapped up, in a carriage or on horseback. Residence in a high and dry situation, or at the sea-side; but not sea-bathing. Good Burgundy, Hungarian Offner, Carlowitz, or port wine may be taken twice a day; the action of the stomach and bowels aided by tepid com- presses of three thicknesses of linen next the skin, well covered by four of flannel, put on every morning; a fresh linen and flannel every three days, so as to have a constant change; dry flannel worn at night; sponging carefully with tepid water all over, on rising, with friction after, as it can be borne, especially down the spine; a tepid packing of the body for three-quarters of an hour, followed by a slightly tepid dripping sheet. Where there is great coldness and torpidity, friction down the spine with the hand at night, using Arnica Opodeldoc, or warm dry mustard. The same applications may be gently and carefully used to the left side. In cases where Arnica cannot be tolerated, let Conium Opo- deldoc be substituted. Chlorosis may have conjoined with it, hysteria, chorea, neuralgia, or spinal irritation. In its treatment, it must be remembered that we have not simply to deal with a name, but with individual cases—no two being precisely alike. In chlorosis, the following remedies, with others mentioned under "The Non-appearance and Suppression of Menstrua- tion," are of service. CHLOROSIS. 39 Pulsatilla. Pale face; puffy swelling of feet and legs, with weakness and chilliness; difficulty of breathing, and loss of breath after even slight exertion; weeping, or laugh- ing and crying moods; melancholy; indifferent; peevish; nausea; morning sickness; headache; palpitation; swelling of the abdomen, with oppressive weight; leucorrhoea, amen- orrhoea; burning pains in pudenda; tendency to diarrhoea; loss of appetite. - Two drops, 2nd dilution, every three hours. Arsenicum.-White waxy complexion, with dark margins. round the eyes, or sickly, greenish, pinched look; puffiness of the upper part of the face; great prostration and over- sensitiveness; the least exertion fatigues; anguish; frequent agitation, with weeping; feels as though she had committed some crime; faintings; sleep disturbed by dreams; chilli- ness; pains in the back, shoulders, and sides of abdomen, or in the stomach; loud eructations; suppression, or scanty menstruation: corrosive leucorrhoea. One grain, 6th trituration, every six hours. Aloes.-Pale and waxen countenance, with noticeable blueness of the whites of the eyes; dizziness; spots before the eyes; periodical headache, alternating with pain in the back; fulness, heat, and distension of abdomen; great quantity of fetid flatulence; heat and irritation of rectum and womb, and uneasiness of the bowels; an unusual quantity of water passed; suppression of menses. Very useful for those who are closely confined to any sedentary occupation. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every four hours. Two grains, 6th trituration, every six hours. E Sepia.-Pale, dingy face, or shining, fine skin; pale complexion; sick headaches, or neuralgia occasionally; scanty menstruation; nausea; fulness of abdomen; bearing- down pains; pain in loins; weariness; a peculiar sweetish odour of the person; constipation; general coldness of hands and feet; debility; bruised, beaten feeling in the limbs; sense of pain and emptiness at the pit of the stomach. 40 DERANGEMENTS OF MENSTRUATION-NEURALGIA. Derangements of the Nervous System may show themselves in pain suffered;—as in Neuralgia, Headache, or in perverted or irregular action ;-as Cramps, Hysteria, Epilepsy, Chorea, Catalepsy, and Spinal Irritation. NEURALGIA, Which is most distressing and wearing both to suffer and witness, may be met by— Aconite. The pains are tingling, pricking, shooting, crawling, or numbing, or come on in paroxysms, which are very violent, attended by great nervousness and restlessness ; the pains then are burning and stinging, boring, wrenching, or screwing; apt to be worse in an evening, and most intol- erable at night; relieved by the open air, or by sitting quietly. The pains may shift rapidly from one part to another. The face is either extremely pale or bright red. There is excessive sensitiveness to touch and slightest move- ment; liability to attacks of fainting, on rising from a sitting or recumbent position. Dry, cold east winds often bring the pain on. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every two or three hours. Belladonna.-Throbbing, beating, burning, stinging pains, generally attended by inflammation, and red, glassy swelling. There is great sensitiveness to cold air, and to light and noise. Aggravations at three or four in the afternoon, or at night. Pains often disappear suddenly when they have reached the highest degree of violence; or they disappear in one place whilst other and different pains make their appear- ance in other parts of the body. Often worse after sleep, or pains come on directly on waking. One drop, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Chamomilla.-Violent drawing, jerking pains, that seem intolerable, obliging patient to toss and turn herself about ; they are succeeded by a numbed feeling. Irritable whining mood during the pains; aggravation or renewal from eating or drinking anything cold or warm; heat and redness, especially on one cheek. Three drops, 3rd dilution, every two or three hours. NEURALGIA. · 41 Arsenicum. The pains return at stated times or days, or waking patient up out of sleep, particularly before mid- night; or they are intolerable enough to drive one to despair and frenzy, frequently accompanied by shuddering, coldness, or chills, and thirst; heat in the face and body; humming in the ears; excessive failure of strength; a feeling of inability to remain up, and yet pains are better when standing or walking about, or from warmth or compression of the affected part. Apt to come on after dinner, especially if lying down, or to be excited by the conversation of other persons. Cate Half a grain, 6th trituration, every two or three hours. Cimicifuga.-Purely neuralgic pains, as the result of excitement or exhaustion; nervous weakness; very tired feeling; continual restlessness; does not know where to go or what to do; great sensitiveness to cold air, which seems to penetrate her through. Pains generally worse on left side. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every two or three hours. Gelseminum.-Acute, sudden, darting pains, so sudden as to make one start, or such as come on in decided parox- ysms, attended by extreme general nervousness, by con- tractions and twitchings of the muscles near the seat of pain. The pains, when they go off, leave a great tenderness where they have been. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every two or three hours. Glonoine.-Very violent paroxysms of neuralgia, with a throbbing, violent, bursting headache; nausea, giddiness, faintness, and a sense of tightness at the throat. All persons do not appear to be equally sensitive to its action. One drop, 6th dilution, every two or three hours. Cypripedium.-Intense and maddening neuralgia, from heightened sensitiveness or irritability, as in those whose nerves have been severely tried, or who have had long and anxious watching and nursing. Sleepless rest; less trem- bling; irritable, irascible, fretful; their movements are hurried and uncertain; they are agitated by the least con- - E 2 42 NEURALGIA. tradictory word, or what they fancy to be so; and cannot bear the least excitement. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every two or three hours. Hyoscyamus.-Drawing, tearing, beating pain in the upper teeth; the throbbing extends to the forehead, or to the root of the nose and the eyes, with burning heat of the face. The teeth feel loose, as if they would fall out. The pains are aggravated by pressure and cold air, and generally come on in the morning. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every two or three hours. Mercurius.-Terrible tearing in the teeth, extending to the cheek of the affected side, and to the glands under the jaw; the teeth feel elongated, as well as loose. The pain sometimes extends into the ear, like a stitch, especially at night. The gums are red and swollen, or they may recede from the teeth. The pain is increased by eating, by cold air drawn into the mouth, or anything warm or cold to the teeth; the pain becomes intolerable in bed or in the cold air. The gums bleed at a slight touch. The patient is chilly, and is troubled with a good deal of saliva. Half a grain, 6th trituration, every three hours. Nux Vomica.-Drawing, tearing pain, at first in a hollow tooth, then extending to both jaws, the bones of the face and temples; abated by wrapping the cheek up warm, and some sleep; returns again from a draught of cold water, or by a few crumbs getting into the teeth; or it may be brought on by warm drinks, or by the warmth of a room; looseness of the teeth; swelling of the gums. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every two or three hours. Spigelia.-Pressing, tearing pain in the lower jaw, ex- tending to the nape of the neck, making the movement of the head painful; pale, bloated face; yellow rims round the eyes; palpitation of the heart; chilliness; restlessness. Aggravated by cold, or by the contact of the air, or cold water; pain goes off by lying down, and during eating. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every two or three hours. MENSTRUAL HEADACHE. 43 Cicuta.-Nervous toothache, the pain arising from the pressure of the gold in teeth which have been stopped. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every two or three hours. HEADACHE. Asclepias Syriaca.-Pain as though a sharp instrument were thrust through from one temple to the other; feeble pulse and cold skin; dizziness, persistent nausea, and often vomiting; sometimes diarrhoea; considerable or frequent quantity of pale urine. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every two or three hours. Belladonna.-Throbbing, congestive headache; flushed face; light, stooping, and noise increase the pain. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Aconite.-Pain behind the eyes, at root of nose, or the whole forehead, often very violent; increased by any move- ment, such as walking, or even talking. The face denotes suffering, and is either pale or wrinkled; or it may look bloated; the feet are cold; pulse small. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every two or three hours. Gelseminum.-Comes on suddenly, beginning at the upper part of the neck, spreading.over the whole head; or felt first in the forehead, then in the nape of the neck; dim- ness of sight, or double vision; difficulty in opening the eyes, or in keeping them open; heaviness of the head; stupor; dull, heavy expression of face; full pulse; feels like one intoxicated. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Pulsatilla.--Stupid gloomy feeling; boring pain in the forehead, or top of head; giddiness, worse on looking up; pain in the eyes; brain feels as if bruised; acrid risings; pain relieved by pressure; worse towards evening; distressed, weeping mood. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every three hours. Ignatia.—Painful pressure in the head, with burning and 44 MENSTRUAL HEADACHE. watering of the eyes; dread of light; swelling of the eye- lids; the pain may intensify itself in one eye, often the right, or confine itself to one side of the head; or an intense pain, as though a nail were being driven in; qualmishness; want of appetite; cutting, spasmodic pains in bowels; quantity of urine passed, clear and pale as water. Three drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Nux Vomica.-Head feels as though it would split; pressing it tightly with both hands relieves it; heat in the cheeks; chilly feeling over the body; soreness and sensitive- ness of scalp; darting pains, with nausea; distension of the stomach, and constipation. Three drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Chamomilla.-Tearing, dragging, maddening pain; burning; distress; heavy load and anxiety at pit of stomach; vomiting of bile; irritable mood; brain feels sore; flushes; one cheek may be red and the other pale. Three drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Sepia.-Headache every morning, with nausea; anxiety at pit of stomach, with trembling; rush of blood to the head; nose not unfrequently bleeds; giddiness; everything seems to go round. Two grains, 6th trituration, night and morning. Caulophyllum.-Dull, frontal headache, feeling as though the skin of the forehead were drawn tight; sharp pains, as though pins were sticking in it; severe pains in temples, as though they would be crushed together; or drawing pain over left eye; sight dim; profuse flow of tears. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Cimicifuga. Acute pain, with fulness, heat, and throb- bing, worse sometimes over the right, sometimes over the left eye, sometimes in the eyeballs, or in the whole forehead; felt every day, but worse every other day; relieved by walk- ing in the open air; throbbing is rendered so much worse by - CRAMPS HYSTERIA. 45 going upstairs, that it feels as though the top of the head would fly off. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. CRAMPS. Cramp in bed at night, waking out of sleep with icy cold feet-Veratrum Album, which almost invariably relieves. Should it fail, try Sulphur, two drops of 3rd dilution, of either, at bed-time. Chamomilla and Nux Vomica, in other cases, have been found beneficial. A brisk walk along the corridors of the house, or running up and down stairs for a few times, will also prove of service in quickening the circulation, as also sleeping in warm stockings. If the exercise advised cannot be taken, let the feet and legs be vigorously rubbed by an attendant or friend, just previous to getting into bed, the stockings being put on immediately after the rubbing. HYSTERIA. A name calculated to mislead as to its nature and origin. From the derivation of the word, it would imply that its seat is the womb, and that it is always connected with some affec- tion or derangement of that organ: the fact being, that this is by no means the case invariably in women, and that boys and men can be hysterical. Hysteria is a nervous affection of the centres of emotion, sensation, and voluntary motion, presenting, in different and the same individual, very varied phenomena; it simulates dyspepsia, inflammation of the bowels, or of different joints, paralysis, epilepsy, or convulsions. A paroxysm, or what is known as "a fit of hysterics," is but a part of that disease, and but one of its manifestations. A patient addicted to occasional fits of immoderate and un- controllable laughter and crying, oddly mixed up and alter- nating, brought on often by trifles, may be only occasionally hysterical. In the case of the permanently hysterical, there is always - 46 HYSTERIA. recognisable a distinct perversion of health or bodily function, and, in addition, a perversion of will, exaggerated emotion, sensibility, and thought; unaccountable and inexplicable pains in various parts, as in or near the right or left hip, one knee, under or in one or other breast, in the head or spine; very often in the stomach, where it is persistent and trouble- some; the patient rises with it in the morning, and complains of it all day; neither relieved nor aggravated by food. Hysterical pains generally come and disappear quite suddenly, yet are severe whilst they last, so that hysterical palpitation has led to the conclusion of diseased heart, and hysterical pain in the spine, to issues, setons, and blisters. Hysterical patients sometimes present all the appearance of being paralysed, or seem to have entirely lost their voice, and to be unable to speak above a whisper: let them become suddenly excited, the voice returns in its wonted loudness, and the paralysed limb regains its power; and this without any intention or consciousness of deception; the state of inability is as real as the condition of power. It is this reality of unreal things that forms the material part of the disease: from this perversion all the symptoms of the case, however diversified, spring. Of this diversity various examples are presented. Though, as it has been remarked, boys and men may be bysterical, it is young women about the age of puberty, or in the earlier years of menstruation, that we far more commonly find to be so. Boys and men exhibiting any hysterical phenomena, are of peculiarly susceptible, sensitive temperaments, worn by watching, suffering, or distress. In the milder cases the patient is generally nervous, unduly excited or desponding. She has pains in the stomach or elsewhere, and a troublesome rising as of a ball in her throat; the "globus hystericus," with tightness and suffoca- tion; pains in the head and neck; languor; flatulence; distension of the bowels; also passing of a considerable quantity of pale urine. So she may continue with remissions and returns, or she may have one or repeated attacks of hysterical fits or convulsions, which, through some trivial occurrence or other, may come on at irregular intervals, often HYSTERIA. 47 last some considerable time, and present varied aspects, many of them exceedingly trying to solicitous relatives, and not always safe for the patient herself. She falls suddenly, her head bent back, her eyelids closed, but quivering; all power of voluntary motion gone; spasmodic efforts at swallowing; clutching at the throat; violent struggles, cries, and tossing about of the limbs; efforts to bite herself and others; the face is flushed, the nostrils distended and working; the teeth firmly clenched, the jaws rigidly set. The attack may pass off suddenly, and the patient drop into a sound sleep; or it may appear to wear itself out, and leave the patient utterly exhausted, stiff and sore; unable to talk or swallow more than a small quantity at a time; often obliged to be fed; very little, if any, urine passed; sometimes the secretion suspended; it may have to be drawn off by catheter. A fit may last two or three hours; and is apt to recur about the time of the monthly period. Patients are, to a great extent, much more so than they would have bystanders suppose, conscious of what goes on it is, therefore, necessary to be cautious as to what is said and done so far as affects them. An hysterical fit may return very quickly after it has seemed to go off; so that it is well to be prepared, and not allow the patient to be left to sustain any injury, or to do any harm to herself. An unwonted susceptibility of the senses, of the hearing, of the eyes to light, of the organ of smell to various odours, of the skin generally to the slightest touch, over the abdo- men especially, which is often distended, down the course of the spine, in various joints, as the hip and knee, with pain and lameness, are more or less present. In these individuals, when the abdomen is touched, the distress is as great as in an inflammation of the bowels; but in inflammation the countenance indicates acute suffering: the patient lies with the knees drawn up, and the constitu- tional symptoms are conformable to, and commensurate with, severe and dangerous illness. In the hysterical, a little attention will suffice to show that the pain felt is in the skin, the lightest touch on which, 48 HYSTERIA. or even pinching a portion of it, occasions exquisite pain, and produces a corresponding demonstration in the shape of cries and protestations. In the joints the seat of pain is still in the skin; there is not that increase of suffering from firm, steady pressure or movement which invariably attends diseased structure in or around a joint. Sir Benjamin Brodie asserted, that four- fifths of the ladies supposed to be suffering from diseased joints, were simply hysterical. The amount of unnecessary torture from blisters, from counter-irritation, and from mechanical contrivances, that must have been undergone, is something inconceivable. There can be as little question, that very many cases of so- called womb affection are but cases of hysteria, with some derangement of function, and some considerable pain, but no real disease. To have the verdict of uterine affection passed on any one; to submit them to accepted and preva- lent examinations with the speculum and otherwise-to caustics, periodical leeching, and purgation, for mere symp- tomatic distress, is a monstrous injustice and wrong, but often endured and perpetrated. This will continue until patients and their friends exercise a little more reflection and common sense, and refuse to bow to a dictum simply because it is pronounced in a tone of authority, or submit to any treatment that is prescribed. All such opinions should have sound physiological reasons on which to base them- selves; and all treatment prescribed, definite ends in view; then it cannot be carried out with too much perseverance and determination. It is a great point to gain the intelligent co-operation of the patient and those about her. Hysteria bears strong resemblances to certain other ail- ments, which it may be as well to explain. The hysterical condition is, in some respects, similar to the hypochondriacal. In hypochondriasis, however, we have morbid, unnatural introspection; the patient can think and talk only of himself and his sufferings; he is brooding, foreboding, and melancholic in tone, in look, and every- thing else. The hysterical fit somewhat resembles the epileptic-a HYSTERIA. 49 resemblance more apparent than real. In epilepsy, whether the attack be long or short, there is always total loss of con- sciousness; from the time the patient goes into the fit until she comes out of it, she absolutely knows nothing. Epileptic patients have, more or less, warning of the approach of a seizure; hysteric fits come on instantly, and not seldom are distinctly gone into. In hysteria, except when the patient is shrieking or biting, the countenance retains its usual ex- pression; the eyelids are closed, but they are quivering. In epilepsy the aspect is entirely different, frequently fright- fully distorted, with foam at the mouth. Epilepsy, sooner or later, affects the intellect and the memory; hysteria leaves both unchanged. Epilepsy is followed by stupor, the hys- terical fit by exhaustion. - Hysteria may be met with as an attendant on conception, pregnancy, and ovarian disease, and is not at all uncommon in married ladies who have no children. Catalepsy is another nervous affection, intermediate be- tween hysteria and epilepsy. It is marked by loss of con- sciousness, and is generally preceded by headache, or some other premonitory symptom; the eyes contract before the light as they do in hysteria; the countenance is unchanged, though pale; the nostrils do not work, and the respiration is slow, but easy; the body remains fixedly in the position in which it happens to be, whether sitting or standing; and the limbs, if raised or moved, remain in the position in which they are placed. It is very much rarer than hysteria or epilepsy. It is attended with risings in the throat, like hysteria; is often associated with the appearance of the catamenia, or period; is sometimes connected with disease. of the brain or chest. THE TREATMENT OF HYSTERIA. Both moral and remedial measures are needed to cope with this disorder, the former quite as much as the latter. One of the latest allopathic authorities confines himself entirely to hygienic and moral measures; for prevention (he says) may be easy, cure often impossible, since he knows of 50 HYSTERIA. In no drug that exerts any specific action on the disease.* this respect Homoeopathy has the advantage; it has, at least, two specific medicines, with several others that apply to some of the most striking phenomena. Foremost amongst these- Ignatia. Generally increased sensibility; marked “sink- ing at the stomach;" despondency, alternating with cheerful- ness; constriction of the throat, with the "globus hysteri- cus," as though a ball were rising in it. In the hysterical attacks, the patient goes into them with shrieks, and comes out of them with sighing. It also relieves the "clavus hystericus"-an agonising headache, with a feeling as though a nail or sharp pins were being driven into the skull. Ang * G Two drops, 3rd dilution, every two or three hours. Gelseminum.-Attacks, with marked spasm of the throat, as though the patient must be suffocated; apparent insensibility; the attacks may be periodic; there is left a stupid intoxicating feeling; the eyelids are very heavy, as though weighted down; there is a "gone" feeling at the stomach, and irritable, impatient mood. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every two or three hours. Cimicifuga.-Hysterical mania; tremor of the limbs; in- cessant talking, changing from one subject to another with- out any order, though perfectly sensible when the attention is aroused soon, however, to relapse into vagaries; great wakefulness; fancies sees strange objects, as rats; sometimes arousing from their incoherent talkativeness, and inquir- ing, respecting persons present, "Who is that ?" "What do they want here ?" Two drops, 3rd dilution, every hour. Cypripedium.-Irritable, irascible, fretful; movements hurried and uncertain; agitated by the least contradictory word, by a noise, or by any excitement; sleepless; nervous twitchings; pains, and hysterical spasms. Especially useful for those whose nervous systems have been shattered by Reynolds' System of Medicine, vol. ii., p. 520. - HYSTERIA. 51 watching and musing, severe illness, or any long-continued strain or demand. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Caulophyllum.-Hysteric cramps; spasms on convul- sions, arising from reflex irritation of ovaries or uterus; attacks, followed by languor, and a disposition to sleep; distress, and drawing pain in right side of abdomen, and empty eructations. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Hedeoma.-Arising from intestinal irritation; nausea; retchings; prostration; nervous twitchings; periodical pains; coldness of the extremities; shortness of breath; sensation of something rising in the chest; the eyesight goes; hysteric paralysis. K Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Senecio. Sleepless; nervous irritability; loss of appe- tite; coated tongue; constipation; lassitude; disinclination to move about; wandering pains in back and shoulders. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Moschus.-Profuse menstruation; fitfulness of temper; during the paroxysm, they cry at one time, and the next burst out into incontrollable laughter; extreme oppression on the chest; twitchings; tossing about of the limbs; op- pression of the stomach; dryness in the throat; small flut- tering pulse; cold skin; drowsy feeling. Two drops, 1st dilution, every two or three hours. Cocculus.-Excessive sensitiveness; starting at every un- expected occurrence or noise; cannot bear being interrupted by talking; irritated, and crying at every little trifle; every- thing untoward causes vexation. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Madaga Platina. Great lowness of spirits; anxious mood; sleep- lessness; vascular and nervous excitement; fearfulness; tendency to start; trembling of the hands and feet; red face; 52 HYSTERIA. small feeble pulse; great nervous debility; irresistible desire to slight that which one has been in the habit of honouring and cherishing; too frequent menstruation; or- The patient may sink suddenly into a powerless condition; remain motionless; become unable to speak, partly from a spasmodic closing of the jaws, partly from loss of voice; the eyes are turned upwards; convulsive trembling of the eye- lids; or there may be rigidity; difficulty of breathing, almost to suffocation, obliging the patient to take a deep, anxious breath, and to utter inarticulate shrieks. Two grains, 6th trituration, every three hours. Pulsatilla.-Melancholy; indifferentism; peevishness; great disposition to laugh or cry; apprehensive anxiety; sleeplessness; unusual and excessive fear of ghosts; trouble- some beating of the arteries through the whole body, mostly perceptible when touching the parts; passing of considerable quantities of pale urine. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every three hours. Stramonium.-Hysteric spasms, preceded by great irri- tability and sensitiveness; disposition to weep, alternating with unusual mirth, and sexual excitement; the spasms, some of them, soon passing off, others causing great tension of the muscles, and lasting some time; urine suppressed or profuse; convulsions, followed by quiet sleep; peculiar twitch- ings of the muscles of the face; "risus sardonicus," or demon's laughter. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Sepia. Great sadness, or demon's laughter; weeps fre- quently; dread of men; great internal restlessness; would like things finished when they are only just begun; cannot remain long in one place; inclined to start; very fearful; easily offended; indisposition to do anything; the nerves are highly sensitive to any noise; playing on the piano affects her very much; involuntary recollection of, and dwelling upon, past vexation; great dissatisfaction and anger; con- stant desire to pass pale urine; hysterical numbness, and paralysis. Two grains, 6th trituration, every three hours. HYSTERIA. 53 Asafoetida.-Capricious mood; constant change of mind; dissatisfaction with one's self, or anxious sadness; shudder- ings; absence of mind, or unusual acuteness of the thinking powers; pressure in the head, feeling as though a string were tightly drawn round the brain; insipid, rancid, greasy, or garlicky taste; pressure in stomach; weakness of digestion; palpitation; pulsations at pit of stomach and abdomen, per- ceptible to both eye and hand; stitches in the right side, and pressure; constipation, or dark, brownish diarrhoea. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Nux Vomica.-Nervous irritation; undue sensitiveness of sight, hearing, smell, or taste; external impressions of any kind, even a touch, are very disagreeable; noise, contact, or a strong light, produce strong and long-continuing con- vulsions of the whole body, throwing it forwards, backwards, or to one side; they come with the suddenness of electric shocks; consciousness unimpaired. Patient is taciturn, irresolute, moaning, and lamenting, or quarrelsome; has restless nights, and suffers from indigestion and constipation. Three drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Staphysagria.-Wraps up her face and weeps aloud; indifferent to everything, nothing gives her pleasure; irri- tated whenever a word is spoken; it causes her to cry; oppressive, stupefying headache; patient weary and weak; pressure in stomach and abdomen, with rumbling. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Valerian.-Tremulousness; always in a state of fidgetty expectation; familiar things wear an aspect of strangeness; great flow of ideas; ringing in the ears, and illusions of hearing; violent appetite; frequent eructations; nausea; bloated abdomen; spasms occasionally at night; frequent evacuations, and frequent passing of water. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Nux Moschata.-Whining, fretful mood; wants to undertake a thing, but gives up the idea before beginning it: sometimes serious, at others disposed to laugh; slowness of * 54 HYSTERIA. ideas, has to think a long time for an answer; sudden disap- pearance of ideas whilst writing, even before the thought is half written down-uses wrong letters; feeling of fulness or dryness in the eyes; enormous distension of abdomen after every meal, with irritation of the intestinal canal; a good deal of urging, with scanty emission of urine; great dryness of mouth and throat after eating; convulsive movements of the head in an attack, with difficulty of swallowing; leu- corrhoea. Two drops, 1st dilution, every three hours. Hyoscyamus.-Extremely lively and humorous one day, the next out of humour and quarrelsome; jealous; reproaches others, and complains of pretended wrongs; extremely im- patient, feels as though she must die whilst waiting for any- thing; repeated death-like faintings; falls down suddenly with a cry and convulsions, now of upper, then of lower limbs, then excessive talking and laughter; endeavours repeatedly to uncover herself and lie quite naked; excessive menstrual flow. The hysteric fits of Hyoscyamus very closely resemble epilepsy. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Aconite.-Attacks from fright, with moans and lamenta- tions; face red and hot; contortions of the muscles of the face; general dread, especially of going where there are many people; a strong light causes discomfort; her eyes are staring; giddiness and fainting on rising up from a lying or sitting position. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Hydropathic Treatment.—Cold, dripping sheet on rising. A tepid sitz bath, or cold shower bath at eleven. Medical friction, or rubbing continuously and cautiously, employed by a skilled attendant, of strong constitution and good influence over the patient, will be found of great ser- vice. Galvanism, too, is often of use. If an hysterical patient has a nurse or attendant, whether related or otherwise, it is most important that the moral HYSTERIA. 55 tone and control she exercises should be of a healthy, judicious character. Too much stress cannot be laid on this point: if the power exerted is pernicious, or even senti- mental, every effort at cure, however well directed, will be utterly useless. Scarcely any affection more taxes the energy and resources of the physician, or is more trying to the patient and her friends; nothing short of an unwearied, cordial co-operation on the part of all, can achieve the desired result. The patient can and must do much herself-must strive against herself, break through an insinuating selfishness, learn to take an interest in others, and force herself to some occupation, and righteously discharge its duties. Patients do best away from home and home surroundings, which often serve as a means of perpetuating morbid and desponding feelings; best away from the solicitude and sympathy of relatives and friends, which, in these cases, have a wrong influence, and only minister to the disease. Hysteria, as well as being associated with menstrual and uterine derangement, may be caused by bereavement, dis- appointment, losses, or watching and nursing; or rather an accompaniment of the reaction which follows in young people. It is more generally fostered by a neglect of the rules laid down in a previous chapter, for the regulation of the studies, and general habits. It is of paramount importance, to prevent a recurrence of hysterical seizures, that a medicine be selected most nearly giving a picture of the case, and continued as long as the patient benefits. In an attack, loosen everything tight about the patient, and lay her flat on her back on the floor, or on a bed; the circulation through the brain is thus rendered more equal, and any struggling or convulsive movements can be more easily checked. The strong Tincture of Camphor or Musk can be used during an attack; held to the nose if the patient cannot swallow, or three or four drops on sugar every half- hour. Sir Thomas Watson says there is great virtue in cold water dashed in the face. For the encouragement of those who are afraid to use it, he states, in nine hundred and F - 56 HYSTERIA—CATALEPSY. ninety cases out of a thousand, hysteria is attended with no ultimate peril to mind or body. Sympathy and commiseration are quite out of place; they only prolong the continuance of the fit. THE TREATMENT OF CATALEPSY. This must be regulated by the prominent symptoms of the mental and nervous condition, and of the general health. The remedies given under " Hysteria," must be carefully con- sulted, should a case come under notice. Some apparently slight thing may in this, as in other affections, give the key-note, and point to the remedy. Hydrocyanic Acid.-Great muscular debility, espe- cially on the left side, ending in an attack; patient motion- less, speechless, without a sign of life, terminating in profuse perspiration; consciousness unaffected throughout. Two drops, 30th dilution, every three hours. Cannabis Sativa.-Confined to the arms and trunk of the body; muscular power is entirely lost; consciousness remains undisturbed; everything round appears to the patient transformed and beautiful, and the commonest face is changed into the look of an angel. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every three hours. Gelseminum.-Complete loss of muscular power; unable to move a limb, or even raise the eyelids, though she can hear, and is perfectly cognizant of what is transpiring around her. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Nux Vomica.-Produces the same symptoms as Gelse- minum; total loss, for a time, of ability to move out of a chair, for instance, in which the patient was sitting, to raise an arm or a leg. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. CHOREA, OR ST. VITUS'S DANCE. 57 CHOREA. Chorea, or St. Vitus's Dance, consists of involuntary spas- modic movements of the muscles, especially of the face and extremities, producing the most singular contortions, com- bined with a mute appealing look for sympathy and com- miseration for what otherwise might be regarded as gro- tesque and ludicrous. It is met with in children, of both sexes, from eight to ten, and in young women about the age of puberty, with whom it is associated with anemia, chlorosis, or evident consumptive tendency; it sometimes is connected with rheumatism, and may owe its origin, in children more especially, to thread or tape-worms, or be produced by fright. In the Middle Ages it spread like an epidemic; and now, where there is any predisposition, or the least exciting cause, imitation of those suffering with it may curiously multiply instances. If conjoined with anemia or chlorosis, the reme- dies advised under those headings must be consulted. If there is a strong tendency to consumption, try to moderate the convulsions, and then improve the general health. Cuprum.—Affects principally one side; neuralgia pre- vious to, or during the attack; subsequent paralysis of the affected limb. One grain, 6th trituration, every three hours. Stramonium.-Constant movement of the hands and arms; cramps in the hands and feet; excessive mobility of the muscles; faintings; violent attacks in bed at night; patient like one frantic; attacks caused by fright or care, and may be brought on by the sight of a candle, or mirror, or water. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Agaric.-The symptoms entirely disappear during sleep. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Nux Vomica.-Movement of all the muscles, or of single ones; wandering from one extremity to another, affecting even the muscles of chest and abdomen, generally depending F 2 58 CHOREA. on spinal irritation; there is a halting or unsteady movement of one of the legs; the patient drags it when walking. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Caulophyllum.-In young girls, from menstrual irre- gularity; especially painful menstruation. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Veratrum Viride.-The entire muscular system in con- tinuous and tumultuous motion; ludicrous and horrible dis- tortions of the face; the head continually jerking; the body writhing; tongue and jaws equally affected with the other parts, so that it is almost impossible to speak distinctly. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Zinc.-Twitchings in various muscles of the body and face; visible twitching in arms and hands; tremulous weak- ness of the legs; pale face; jerks through the whole body, which continue during the night's sleep, which is restless, and often screaming. One grain, 6th trituration, every three hours. Aconite.-Trembling of the arms and hands; numbness and lameness of the left arm or thigh; trembling of the legs; they totter-are in constant motion; cold feet. Very suitable for children who have been frightened, and for young women not over-robust, who have worked too hard; whose nervous energy has been exhausted by too great exertion, or long-continued watching and nursing. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Ignatia. In recent cases, with spasmodic, sudden move- ments of the muscles of the cheeks, forehead, eyelids, and eyeballs; jerking of the arms; involuntary emission of urine. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Opium.-Spasmodic movements of the muscles of the face, or trembling of these muscles, of the lips, and the tongue; convulsive movements to and fro in one or other arm; the left arm trembles in paroxysms; the jerks CHOREA-INTESTINAL WORMS. 59 and startings continue during sleep; sunken, pale face; con- stipation. Two drops, 6th dilution, every three hours. If the chorea is caused by intestinal worms, expel the parasites by suitable medicine, and you cure the disease: this expulsion can be brought about as effectually by Homœo- pathy, as by the large and nauseous doses of Allopathy. It would be very difficult to persuade persons who have been long accustomed to the pleasant form in which Homœopathic remedies are administered, or those who have never taken any other medicines, to have recourse to material doses, even to get rid of intruders like these; nor is it necessary. Filix Mas, in drop-doses every four hours, followed, after a few days, by half drop-doses of Mercurius Corrosivus, for four nights and mornings, will generally suffice for tape-worm. For the long round worms (lumbrici), Trituration of Santo- nine, the 2nd, three grains night and morning for a week; then pause two days; then follow it by three drops of Cina, night and morning, for four days; finishing up by four doses of Sulphur, one night and morning. For small thread-worms (ascarides), as affecting children, I have seldom found four globules of the 6th of Cina at night, and four of Mercurius Vivus every morning for a week, to fail. Teucrium, 1st dilution, two grains night and morning, in Dr. Hughes' hands, has expelled quantities of worms, and caused all morbid symptoms to disappear. Dr. Teste, most of whose suggestions with regard to chil- dren are worthy of notice, recommends for obstinate cases, Lycopodium, 30th, for two days; Veratrum Album, 12th, for four days; and Ipecacuanha, 6th, for a week. An injection of warm salt and water-a teaspoonful to a pint-will dis- lodge these small worms from the rectum, if, notwithstanding the use of the medicines, the irritation they cause is trouble- some. In the administration of Kousso, for the expulsion of tape-worm, though the bulk of the dose is objectionable, I have always found it efficacious to a certain extent; it brings away a long length of the parasite, yet it does not dislodge or destroy it; there is a rapid re-multiplication, and the trouble is soon as great as ever. T 60 CHOREA-EPILEPSY. If the chorea is connected with, or attributable to, rheumatism- Cimicifuga. Nervous tremors, twitchings, and jerkings; an almost constant motion, confined to one side, as the left arm and leg; ceasing when asleep. Chorea, with almost complete loss of the power of swallowing, or when induced by exposure to cold. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Spigelia.-Twitchings and jerks in the arms; worse in the left shoulder; it hangs down very heavily when walking; palpitation of the heart, and anxious oppression of the chest ; great sensitiveness of the scalp of the head when touched; cold hands, with cold, clammy sweat in the palms. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Some Allopathic authorities advocate the administration of comparatively large quantities of stimulants in chorea and chlorosis. The use of alcoholic stimulants in disease, par- ticularly in the young people, needs a great deal of discretion and judgment; they should be regarded as purely medicinal, and never ordered or taken if they can be done without, or any substitute found for them. It is very easy to order this or that to be taken; it is nearly as easy to foster a habit of liking and depending on stimulants, productive of fearful con- sequences in after years. The Hydropathic measures for chorea are the same as for hysteria. Except where there is any rheumatic tendency the shower-bath is out of the question, and the dripping sheets should be slightly tepid. EPILEPSY. Epilepsy is a sudden and vital loss of consciousness, with more or less convulsion. This convulsion may be a mere passing spasm, or long-continued and frightful. There may be only a single attack, or fit may succeed fit in rapid succession, come on at irregular intervals, or seem to be almost periodic. The warning of the attacks varies much : EPILEPSY. 61 with some it can scarcely be said to exist; with others, it is giddiness and headache, or a looking dull and dusky; or a feeling of unusual good health and buoyancy, illusions of sight or hearing, alterations in taste and smell; in others, again, a tremulous movement or "aura," welling upwards until consciousness is lost. Epileptic fits are most common between the ages of ten and twenty in young women and girls; not unfrequently con- nected with puberty, or ovarian or uterine irritation and derangement-as, for example, profuse menstruation or sup- pression sometimes they attend pregnancy, and may be in- duced by fright, grief, and worry. An inherited tendency sometimes exists: like other transmitted dyscarsia or taints, it may pass over a generation. In some the sexual system is unquestionably involved, and that at an early age-so pernicious frequently is the influence created by nursemaids without moral principle, and the prurient fancies of ill-trained school-girls. Many cases of epilepsy owe their origin and continuance to habits of self- delection thus contracted. This observation may be taken as applying to children and young people of both sexes; and is made on account of the great extent to which it prevails, and the fearful conse- quences to which it leads; and because mothers can best detect and cope with the evil, aided by the co-operation of the medical attendant. Nothing but an urgent sense of duty, a deep conviction that the habits referred to are far more common amongst the youth of both sexes than is ever supposed, and that ruined health, shattered, nervous systems, and possible epilepsy and madness are in their train, would lead to their mention here. False delicacy would be a cruel wrong, if by mentioning it mothers may be put on their guard, and any reclaimed. The essential nature of epilepsy is a total loss of conscious- ness, whether the attack is long or short, whether it is a mere "feeling," passing off in a few minutes, or a seizure of an hour. The patient knows nothing whatever about it; the time it has lasted is a blank. Fits or convulsions, however long or severe, in which con- 62 EPILEPSY. sciousness more or less continues, where the patient knows something of what has taken place, and often more than she confesses, are not epilepsy. The patient generally goes off into a fit with a cry: she falls down, or seems thrown down in a moment; she appears slightly twisted to one side; the face is dusky pale; the eyes half open, quivering or working, and "crossed;" laboured breathing; patient seems as holding her breath. There is gurgling in the throat, foaming at the mouth, often stained with blood from a bitten tongue; the jaws are champed; the muscles of the face work in every direction; the limbs are violently thrown about; the body is cold, bathed in cold per- spiration; the bladder and bowels may act involuntarily; vomiting ensues; the attack is succeeded by lassitude and stupor; it is difficult to rouse the patient; the sleep which follows is usually tranquil; on waking there may be a feeling of good health, more often of being shaken and exhausted, with severe headache, which may last some hours, or even days. An attack varies from something approaching this to a sudden interruption in a sentence that may at the time be in course of being spoken, and, after the temporary inter- ruption, resumed at the place where it was broken off. Epilepsy may end in permanent disease of the brain, fatuity, or loss of all intellectual power, or in absolute mad- ness. Real danger to life is somewhat remote, and the fear of it need scarcely be entertained. It is very unusual for an epileptic to die in an attack. In an epileptic fit, little can or ought to be done. Bring the patient into the open air when possible, or near an open window; loosen anything round the neck; unfasten the dress and stays, and bare the chest. A piece of india- rubber or cork, between the jaws, may prevent the tongue from being bitten. Care should be exercised to prevent the patient injuring herself. Dr. Chapman's ice-bag, placed on the spine, is recom- mended as calculated considerably to shorten the severity and length of the attack. As far as I have tried it, it has not appeared of much service. The treatment of epilepsy is difficult, but may be entered EPILEPSY. 63 upon with hope; and by a careful individualisation, of origin, course, and attendant symptoms, with the confidence of at least rendering the occurrence of the fits considerably less, every arrest or postponement of a seizure is a clear gain, as lessening the patient's suffering, as diminishing the future liability to the disease, and as breaking through a habit which renders the individual more and more liable to future seizures. Before giving the medicinal treatment in detail, it may be mentioned, that over-work, mechanical injury, sun-stroke, rheumatism, gout, scrofula, and syphilis, may, in addition to the causes before specified, induce epilepsy. Careful examination has hitherto failed to point out any specific and constant changes in the structure of the brain and nervous centres, as connected with epilepsy. Anatomical investigation gives no explanation of epilepsy: every kind of lesion has been discovered in every organ of the body; and, on the other hand, every organ has been found healthy. The results have been far too inconstant to found any con- sistent theory. The latest authorities agree in referring epilepsy to some derangement not appreciable on examination of the medulla oblongata, the upper part of the spinal cord, and some part of the base of the brain (Reynolds, Aitken). Arsenic. For the relief and mitigation of even far-gone cases, and with a view to the ultimate cure of others less severe, where there is a recurrence of the fits the same day or the same night, or every evening about the same time, every day in succession; or where there is a distinct warning of pain or uneasiness, ascending to the brain; patient feels dizzy, and then falls down unconscious; the pain and uneasi- ness go after the fit passes off, but a stupor remain. Where irritation from any abdominal or uterine cause exerts a reflex irritation on the brain;-one of the best palliations where symptoms of mental derangement, idiocy, imbecility, or even hypochondriasis, are manifested in the intervals. A pale, sunken face, and cold, clammy perspiration, with debi- lity, thirst, burning pains, and other characteristic symptoms. One grain, 6th trituration, twice a day. 64 EPILEPSY. Arnica.-Epilepsy as the result of a fall, a blow, or other mechanical injury, where the fits are directly traceable to such injury. Two drops, 3rd dilution, three times a day. Esculus H.-Clenched thumbs; red countenance; squinting of the eyes downwards; staring and dilated pupils; foam at the mouth; setting of the jaws; small, hard, accele- rated pulse; or simply, slight spasm with stupor, unconscious- ness, and vacant expression; amenorrhea; leucorrhoea, or painful menstruation; general congestion of all the lower organs; sometimes blind piles. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Æthusa.-A decided "aura" from the neighbourhood of the navel; a crying-out; total unconsciousness; jaws spas- modically fixed; cramps of the hands; turning-in of the thumbs; convulsive movements of the eyes, or they are turned down spasmodically; foaming at the mouth; small, hard, quick pulse; natural warmth of the body, or extremi- ties cold, and the whole body convulsed; a yellowness of the skin during the fit. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Artemisia.-Dependent on menstrual irregularities, or on those in whom the menses are about to appear for the first time; there is total loss of consciousness; the fits occur several times a day; they are so violent and so frequent that the patients have no time to recover their full consciousness, especially if the result of fright; profuse fetid sweats. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Anacardium.-From the driving-in of an eruption, or from self-abuse, preceded by illusions of sight, as seeing persons or things; illusions of hearing, accompanied by rattling in the throat; jerks and twitches of both arms and legs. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Belladonna.-Screams; loss of consciousness; rolling of EPILEPSY. 65 the eyeballs; the muscles of the face convulsed; red, puffed face; throbbing of the veins of the neck; clenched teeth; rattling breathing; general uninterrupted convulsive move- ments of the limbs, or rigidity; body bent backwards, or to the left side; pulse quick and full; skin inclined to perspire. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Cimicifuga.-Uterine or ovarian irritation, and reflex action; the attacks occur at or near the menstrual period, or are of rheumatic origin; ushered in by illusions of sight or humming or roaring in the ears; dusky countenance; arms, legs, head, face, tongue, and every muscle in continual and irregular motion; dull, dusky countenance, and weak, slow pulse. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Cicuta. Preceded by illusions of hearing, beginning with screams or vociferations; patient falls down un- conscious; there is redness and bloatedness of the face; the eyes protrude; there is staring look, or the eyes are turned up; swelling of the neck; grinding of the teeth; hiccough; foam at the mouth; throbbing and swelling at the pit of the stomach; very violent convulsions of the limbs, or entire stiffness; spasmodic breathing; involuntary passing of water; a trying to vomit without being able to open the mouth; blood is forced from the ears. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Conium. The fit begins by a sensation or "aura" travel- ling up the spine, with noises in the ears, or involuntary drawing of the left arm to the side; fit of ravenous appetite, and gurgling in the bowels; ovarian and sexual irritation; itching of pudendum; scanty menstruation; "whites;" face bluish, like that of a person strangled; difficult respiration; convulsive movements of the limbs; twitching of the muscles of the legs, and crampy movements; pulse slow and feeble; extremities cold; fits often come on two or three days after a period." 66 Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. 66 EPILEPSY. Calcarea. Menstruation too abundant and frequent; affection of sight and hearing; dark spots before the eyes, or electric sparks, seen even in darkness; ringing, buzzing, or noises in the ears; peevish, impatient, obstinate. Slight attacks. Giddiness, with loss of the senses, as after turning in a circle; or a sudden "feeling" of stupidity; sense of confusion and tremor in the head; sudden loss of the senses when walking; would have fallen if some one had not held her; on stooping she felt as if she knew not where she was. Or more serious fits-As sudden attack of stunning giddiness, as from a blow; the head bent forward to the left side; the right cheek drawn spasmodically sideways; twitchings in the muscles of the face, which is yellowish, or bloated, red; twitchings of the muscles of the nose; twitches, especially in left arm, cramp-like, contractive; drawing-in the fingers; twitching of muscles of legs and thighs. Two grains, 6th trituration, three times a day. Hydrocyanic Acid. Sudden falling, with a cry as though struck; jaws clenched; rattling breathing; dis- tortion of the mouth; small pulse, scarcely perceptible at the wrist; wild-looking, bloated countenance; swollen neck; dilated pupil; limbs are jerked out, and then remain rigid; the body rigid too; stomach distended; after attack, stomach feels bloated, and head embarrassed. Patient is disposed to be desponding, irritable, or vexed; attacks sometimes pre- ceded by illusions of the senses, or everything is seen as through gauze. Two drops, 30th dilution, every three hours. Hyoscyamus.-Vibrations before the eyes, then giddi- ness and stupefaction; loss of sensibility; dull and haggard expression of countenance; excessive dilatation of the eyes; small and intermittent pulse; fixed jaw; distortion of the muscles of the face; convulsions of the arms; coldness of the limbs; faint lustre of the eyes, or distorted, bluish, clay- coloured, or red face; grasping with the hands; grinding of the teeth; profuse menses; wryneck left after an epileptic fit. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. EPILEPSY. 67 Hellebore.-A dulness of the senses; nothing is either seen or heard distinctly; everything has lost its taste before the fits; in them-sudden loss of power; horrible convul- sions; face pale, sallow, or cadaverous; features distorted; cold, clammy, or sticky perspiration. Patient between the fits obstinately silent; diffident and melancholy. Suitable for cases where there is suppression of the "menses." menses." The shock of the fit may be as sudden as though struck with an arrow. There may be spasmodic rigidity of the limbs, with convulsive shaking of the head. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Ignatia.—After vexation, grief, or fright, if they follow almost immediately, and the patient comes almost at once under treatment. Twitching of the corners of the mouth; spasmodic sudden movements of the cheeks, forehead, eye- lids, and eyeballs; foam at the mouth; injuring the tongue by biting it; jerking of the arms, sometimes of the feet, followed by perspiration and stupor; sometimes by an in- voluntary passing of urine. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Lachesis. From grief; attacks preceded by confusion, loss of sight, or a strange sensation in the throat, or giddi- ness, with headache, pale face, and cold feet; palpitation; bloated abdomen; raising of flatulence, and heaviness of the head; distortion of the eyes, turned upwards; clenched hands; striking about with arms and legs; foam at the mouth, the head thrown backwards; deep sleep at the end of the paroxysm; menstrual irregularity. Two drops, 30th dilution, every three hours. Nux Vomica.-Preceded by itching, crawling sensations in the face, as though ants were crawling over it; loss of con- sciousness, with staring eyes, or else pupils contracted and turned upwards; features distorted; grinding of the teeth; quickened and sometimes stopping breathing; palpitation, or head thrown back, or the whole body, and mouth open ; frightful expression of face; tongue thrust out, and injured by spasmodic closure of the jaws: when the paroxysms dimi- nish in violence and number, and when it is hoped they are 68 EPILEPSY. S about to pass off, they suddenly return with great violence; menstrual irregularity and uterine spasms; constipation; fits induced by indulgence in eating or drinking, or by irritating substances in stomach or bowels. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Plumbum.-Fits not preceded by warnings, by the aura, or by a cry they may last only a few minutes, or longer, but they succeed each other very rapidly; almost constant spas- modic shocks, affecting the whole body, alternating with a bending and 'stretching-out of the limbs; generally neither foam nor rattling; the fits may be ushered in by a slight headache. After the attacks the patients are not entirely conscious, but talk slowly and confusedly; the countenance remains stupid; their limbs tremble; they stagger; men- strual irregularity or suppression. One grain, 6th trituration, three times a day. Secale. Fits which come on at night, during sleep, with- out patient being conscious of them, leaving, on waking, a sense of great debility, languor, weariness and constant heaviness of the head, with constipation; heaviness in the abdomen, and crawling sensation in the limbs; profuse leucorrhoea, or whites, or too profuse and long-lasting (6 menses." P Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Stramonium.-Clenching of the hands; hard, heavy breathing; foam at the mouth; expression of terror; "self- gratification," or "onanism," or care may have excited the attacks; paralysis as the result of epilepsy; suppression of the "period" by emotion or fright may have brought on an attack. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Opium.-Caused by fright or fear, or connected with an excessive menstruation; short convulsions, or attended by long-lasting and perfect rigidity; spasmodic breathing, which seems sometimes to stop, or it may be sobbing and rattling; deadly paleness of the face and body; feeble pulse. Two drops, 6th dilution, every three hours. EPILEPSY. 69 Veratrum Viride.-Attacks of epilepsy without pre- monition; the convulsions are frightful, with frothing at the mouth; violent jactitation of all the muscles of the body. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Viscus Album (or Mistletoe) has of late been tried, it is said, with great success in obstinate cases. I have not found it of any service, so far, either in moderating the severity, or lengthening the interval between the fits. Two drops, 1st dilution, every three hours. Bromide of Potassium, in from 15 to 20-grain doses, is now much used, both by Allopathic and Homoeopathic prac- titioners. It is capable of producing symptoms resembling epilepsy, and does certainly have a speedy and apparently beneficial effect; but not at all more so than I have seen re- peatedly after the use of Belladonna or Opium. Inasmuch as it is no gain, and its use is not free from danger, I very much prefer remedies more accurately and individually ap- propriate, as more likely both to advance the cause of science, and more adapted, ultimately, to benefit. Zizia Aurea. For long-standing cases, characterised by general and almost unbroken despondency between the fits; the approach of fits heralded by an itching in the cheeks and lips; loss of consciousness; spasms and general convul- sions; vomiting; face pale and puffy, or cheeks red and hot; sexual excitement; menstrual irregularity; leucorrhoea. The convulsions and spasms may be more marked on the right side of face and body than on the left. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Hydropathic measures, as for chorea. Diet, habitually light and nutritious. Persons suffering from epilepsy have a craving for indulgences, and are very apt to take more food than does them good. Suppers, be- yond a cup of cocoa or chocolate, and a slice of bread and butter or toast, are out of the question. Great attention must also be given to exercise and clothing. Any one sub- ject to these fits should not be left alone night or day. All excitement and study must be avoided. 70 FAINTING. { FAINTING. Under this term we include Fainting, generally recognised as such; and Swooning, or, as it is sometimes described, a "Dead Faint.” To one or both of these, young girls are very subject: something unpleasant to sight or smell; any object of aversion; the least sight of blood; any injury, however slight, as a blow, especially on the head or chest ; swinging or turning round; prolonged or excessive pain, or excessive pleasure; going too long without food; absolute loss of blood; severe diarrhoea; mortification or passion; a sudden change from a lying to a sitting or standing posture; kneeling; warm-baths; heated rooms; crowded assemblies; or sitting with the back to the fire, particularly at meals, will produce that sudden but temporary loss of power, and depression of the powers of life, with pallor, cold, perspira- tion, very feeble or absent pulse at the wrist, with respira- tion and feeling almost at a stand, called fainting. Syncope is a term used to express a condition in which these symp- toms are manifested in an extreme degree, or are long-con- tinued. Often, however, syncope and fainting mean one and the same thing. Fainting arises from the sudden diminu- tion, from any cause, in the quantity of blood returned to the right side of the heart, and thence sent to the brain. A derangement of the circulation, a sensation at the heart itself, or anything that interferes with the regu- larity of the breathing, and produces a stagnation in the passage of the blood through the lungs, such as an impres- sion on a nervous centre, a nervous sensation, or a vitiated atmosphere, will cause fainting in those who are disposed to it, and have a tendency to induce it in the weak and debilitated. Fainting may arise in this way from rising up too suddenly in recovery after fever, and be attended with fatal results; so after excessive loss of blood, or with extensive disease of the heart, fainting may end in death: generally speaking, however, it passes off after a few minutes; the faints may, however, return, or be prolonged for a considerable time. FAINTING FITS. 71 Were we not aware of its course, fainting is liker to death than it is to either epilepsy or hysteria. It is distinguished from death by the heat of the armpits, by the look of the eye, an examination of the chest, or the dimmed mirror held to the mouth, or the movement of down placed below the nostrils, as when Lear says of Cordelia- "She's gone for ever! She's dead as earth. Lend me a looking-glass : If that her breath will mist or stain the stone, Why then she lives. This feather stirs-she lives!" In an attack, carry the patient into the open or moderately cool air; sprinkle the face with cold water, having previously placed her in an horizontal position; bathe the forehead with Eau de Cologne, or Lavender-water; rub the wrists, the palms of the hands, the arms, and the legs; if prolonged, use mustard, rubbing the hands and the arms, and have it also applied to the pit of the stomach. Give three drops of Tincture of Camphor as soon as the patient can be got to take them, and repeat every quarter of an hour, if neces- sary. Camphor may be held to the patient's nose during the fit. In fainting from loss of blood, get some Camphor down as soon as possible; or if that is not at hand, some brandy. Fainting may be followed by hysterical crying; it may also attend painful menstruation. When fainting occurs as the result of hæmorrhage, or loss of blood, it is the means of arresting any further drain on the system; the torpidity of the circulation tending to a rapid formation of coagula, which plug the vessels, and arrest fur- ther discharge. If a patient falls in fainting, or is laid flat on the back, consciousness is much more quickly restored than in any other position, as the transmission of blood to the brain is effected with as little interference, and as slight an expendi- ture of force on the part of the heart, as possible. Aconite.-Violent palpitation of the heart; congestion of blood to the head; buzzing in the ears; staring look; pale G 72 FAINTING FITS. face; shiverings; especially if the result of fright, or as soon as she raises herself from a recumbent position. Two drops, 3rd dilution, frequently. Arnica. For fainting fits after injuries, wounds, or cuts. Two drops, 3rd dilution, frequently repeated. Arsenic. As the result of debility or excessive pros- tration. One grain, 6th trituration, three times a day. Carbo Vegetabilis.-After sleeping, after rising in the morning, or while yet in bed. Useful in the weakness caused by an excessive "loss" or hæmorrhage, or following acute diseases, as in inflammation or fever. Two grains, 1st trituration, every two hours. Chamomilla.-Induced by powerful emotions of any kind, as from excessive pain, attended by vertigo, darkness of sight, deafness, sensation of qualmishness. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every two hours. China. After loss of blood; after exhausting purgatives, or diarrhoea (so also Arsenicum); after too long suckling, profuse perspirations, long sitting up at night, mental exertion, or want of sleep. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every two hours. Aletris Farinosa.-Excessive sensitiveness of nervous system; debility; exhaustion; intolerance of noise; anxiety and apprehension; lowness of spirits; singing and roaring in the ears; paleness of countenance; swoons; perspiration after the least exertion, chiefly in back of neck, in the back, chest, and thighs; restless night's sleep, disturbed by dreams and startings. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every two hours. Coffea.-Adapted to highly sensitive persons; and if the symptoms caused by fright do not yield to Aconite, ad- minister it as soon as feelings likely to lead to fainting show themselves; a dose every quarter of an hour. Two drops, 3rd dilution. FAINTING FITS. 73 Digitalis. Attendant on heart affection, always pre- ceded by an intermittent pulse. Swoons, in connection with heart disease, with death-like appearance and cold sweat. Or Arsenicum every ten minutes, until warmth is restored; also Cactus. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every two hours. Ignatia. If resulting from grief. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every two hours. Nux Vomica.-After a meal, or as the result of over- indulgence, or having eaten too much. Especially adapted in pregnancy, and to those worn out by watching; nausea; sparks before the eyes; the sight goes; pains in the stomach; anguish, trembling, and congestion of blood to the head or chest. Two drops, 3rd dilution, as soon as the nausea, &c., is felt, and then every two hours. Moschus.-Frequent fainting fits, at night or in the evening, or in the open air, with hysteria. Two drops, 1st dilution, every two hours. Phosphoric Acid.-After a meal, where Nux Vomica is insufficient. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every two hours. Stramonium.-Frequent fits, as every day; patient sud- denly falls as if dead, with pale face, and almost imper- ceptible breathing; the fits have a tendency to continue a long time. .. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every two hours. Veratrum Album.-Fainting on or after slight exertion, as, for example, straining at relief of the bowels; after an exhausting illness, in the case of those who have been over- dosed with Quinine; the fit is preceded by anguish and despondency. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every two hours. Hydropathic Treatment.-As for hysteria. Diet. Plain and nourishing, taken often rather than much at a time, and the exercise carefully regulated; as G 2 74 FAINTING FITS—AMENORRHOEA, WITH EFFORT. } much fresh air as possible, cheerful society, and regular hours. Medical spinal rubbing will be found of the greatest possible service. Fainting after delivery or confinement is a serious symptom, and must be attended to immediately; brandy must be forced down until the patient revives—a teaspoonful every three minutes; then, if icy cold, Arsenic, one drop, 3rd dilu- tion, every five minutes; if warmth returns with conscious- ness, China every quarter of an hour. The medical attendant should be at once apprised of such an occurrence, and, in the meantime, what is here enjoined done. The patient must be placed flat on the back, if she is not already so, and kept there for some hours, as one most essential thing in order to avert fatal consequences. DELAY OF FIRST MENSTRUATION-AMENORRHEA. The foregoing descriptions and treatment are given in order to meet, as far as possible, every contingency that may arise: instead, however, of any of these, there may be local disturbance and uneasiness; a decided effort of the consti- tution to establish the desired change, when a little aid from medicine may soon suffice to accomplish all that is requisite, either from— Aconite.-Heavy, uncomfortable, and weary; bowels sore and distended; weight at the chest or right side; heats and chills; restlessness. Specially suitable for the robust and plethoric, with fresh colour. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Belladonna. Flushed face of deep red; giddiness; weight on forehead; throbbing headache; weight and pressure in the bowels; indisposition to move. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Bryonia. Pinching uneasiness in the bowels; constipa- tion; stomach is distended; discontented mood; nose bleed- ing; stitches in the side; growing or rheumatic pains. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. DELAY OF FIRST MENSTRUATION. 75 p Cactus. Painful pressure and tightness in the groins, extending round both back and front, or those in the region of the womb, gradually extending upwards until they reach the stomach, as though a violent blow had been received on the small of the back; does not last long, but is very painful. The pain in the uterus is apt to return every evening. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Conium.-Inflation of the abdomen; pain and dis- comfort in region of one or both ovaries; pain in forehead; shooting pains in the breasts; a slight show; itching, red pimples here and there. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Aloes.-Periodical headache, alternating with pain in the back; pale face, with noticeable blueness of the whites of the eyes; dizziness; sparks before the eyes; fulness, heat, and distension of abdomen, with cutting pains; discharge of a great quantity of fetid flatulence; uneasiness of the bowels; irritation of the womb; leucorrhoea, or "whites ;" heat and irritation of rectum; passing of unusual quantity of water. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every three hours. Cimicifuga. Nervous distress and uneasiness, with pains in the limbs, and a constant pain low down in the side. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Pulsatilla. Nausea; trembling; chilliness; headache; palpitation; swelling of bowels; pale face; sad, weeping mood; burning pains in vagina and pudenda; cutting pain, bearing down; puffy swelling of feet and legs; in- flamed red spots on legs; hot and painful leucorrhoea; spit- ting of blood; greasy taste in mouth; dyspepsia and water- brash. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every three hours. Caulophyllum.-Heaviness and tension in abdomen; drawing in the sides of the bowels; feeling of irritation in uterine region; frequent inclination to pass water; or spasms 76 MENSTRUATION IN THE YOUNG. with hysteria; profuse discharge of mucus from vagina, or very slight show. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Senecio.-Yawning, stretching, shivering, and lassitude; faintings; considerable disposition and effort for period to come on; the failure appears to arise from sheer debility; variable spirits; nausea and sour risings. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Hydropathic Treatment.—Tepid or cold dripping sheets on rising; or, if these cannot be borne, tepid or cold spong- ing of the entire body; tepid sitz bath for twenty minutes, followed by friction with a rough towel, at four o'clock in the afternoon, and at bed-time; or, if there is an actual show," but scanty, let the feet be put into hot mustard and water up to the calves, for twenty minutes at bed-time occasionally. CC IRREGULAR MENSTRUATION IN THE YOUNG. After the first period has made its appearance, there may be considerable delay and irregularity in its return; a month and more may elapse without any signs, or but faint ones; or there may be more or less effort; and this state of things may be protracted for three or four months. Or, possibly, the first appearance may, in due course, be followed by a recurrence, and so continue without any trouble or anxiety. It must be observed that delay does not necessarily demand active in- terference; if the general health is good, wait; but be careful to see that the return is in no way hindered by carelessness, indiscretion, or imprudence: if there is a slight indication at the time, try first a tepid sitz bath in the afternoon, and have the feet put in hot mustard and water at night; and if these do not suffice, try one of the medicines mentioned in the last section. A mother should always keep a reckoning for her younger daughters; and it might be as well for her to include her older ones, as they are apt to be thoughtless in this respect, pay no regard to damp feet, thin dresses, chills, night air, or excitement and amusements, any of which, in delicate con- DISORDERS OF MENSTRUATION. 77 stitutions, are sufficient to prevent a return, at all events, without pain or other inconvenience. It is irksome to have to take care; and young ladies are prone to complain, and wonder why they cannot do as some others of their acquaintance: eat anything; go anywhere at all times; act just as they like, without ever seeming any the worse for it; or, perhaps, as the delicate ones are apt to imagine, all the better for not taking care. Even the strongest cannot always set rules and precautions at defiance without entailing serious illness: and for the delicately- constituted to follow their example, would be the height of folly and culpability; there would be the certainty of suffer- ing, with the conviction that everything included or involved in it was brought on by themselves. Young girls must have care and watching until menstrua- tion is thoroughly and regularly established; and whether they see the necessity or not, their mothers must see that they are neither neglected in these respects, nor neglect them- selves; if not, the foundation of serious mischief may be laid, which timely caution would have avoided. If the return is but scanty, and attended by distress or disturbance, consult the section on Painful Menstruation. We pass on now to consider the various disorders observable in connection with menstruation, which may occur at any time, or any age. Menstruation may, from a chill or other cause, be suppressed; it is then called, technically, amen- orrhoea. It may be irregular as to time or quantity, or both, and quality-then it is irregular and unnatural; or it may be attended with suffering, and then it is called pain- ful menstruation, or Dysmenorrhoea. Under irregular men- struation, we include profuse, or Menorrhagia. Instead of the menses, or between the periods, a considerable mucous discharge may appear, called, from its usual colour, "the whites," or Leucorrhoea, or Fluor Albus (the white flow). Or, again, menstruation may be vicarious; blood flows from the nose, or some other part of the body, instead of any "show" in ordinary course. Suppression of the Menses, or Amenorrhoea.-This sup- pression may be acute or chronic; that is, we may be called 78 SUPPRESSION OF MENSES. to treat it as soon as its non-appearance is remarked, and whilst the pain and uneasiness therefrom is being felt; or some little time may have elapsed, and it may appear as though the patient, very much against her will, had settled down into a habit of non-menstruation. AMENORRHOEA-ACUTE SUPPRESSION. The sensitiveness of the female constitution generally, and of the reproductive system more particularly, to impressions from without, readily account for a sudden suppression when it takes place. The impression may be produced by unex- pected or excessive excitement, either of joy or sorrow; passion or fright; a chill from damp or cold, as sitting on damp grass, walking in the wet, and keeping on damp shoes or damp petticoats: cold baths near the period; change of dress; sitting in draughts; exposure to night air, or cold cutting winds; insufficient wrappers when coming out of hot rooms or assemblies, or from getting over-heated, and cooling too suddenly. By some such accidents as these, through wilful carelessness and thoughtlessness, the tyranny of dress, or the fancied inexorabilities of fashion, by late hours, heated rooms, and crowded assemblies, through a delicate chest exposed, and circulation effectually hampered by tight corsets and "bodies," young ladies are frequently exposed to the disorder of which we are now treating. In a sudden stoppage during the flow, or more or less distress and pain, and non-appearance at the expected time, try, if possi- ble, to discover the cause. If it is grief;—Ignatia is the principal remedy-two drops, 3rd dilution, every two hours. If it fail to bring on a return, though it may relieve the pain, administer it again a day or two before the next period is due—a dose every six hours. Should Ignatia fail, Gelseminum and Apocynum demand a trial. Ignatia.—Involuntary sighing; headache acute, with heaviness and heat; dread of light; spasms in the bowels, or colic, drawing the patient together, and arresting the breath- ing; palpitation; weak, empty feeling at the pit of the AMENORRHOEA, OR SUPPRESSION OF MENSES. 79 stomach; nausea; faintness; loss of appetite; the pain is relieved by pressure and lying down. Gelseminum.-The head feels larger than usual; pain in head; profuse vomiting; bearing-down pains in abdomen, but no pain in the back. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Apocynum.-Irresistible disposition to sigh; oppression at pit of stomach and chest; slow pulse; decided scantiness of urine; bloatedness of abdomen; feet and legs swell. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. If mortification, fright, or passion has caused a stop- page- Aconite.-Hot, flushed face; sense of swelling or oppres- sion at the chest; quick pulse; bowels hot, distended, and painful; cold feet and hands. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Chamomilla. Great irritability; quarrelsome; hard, aching, uncomfortable oppression at the pit of the stomach; distension of abdomen, with cutting colic, and drawing-in the thighs; pains almost like labour pains; frequent urina- tion, profuse and pale after diarrhea; one cheek is often deeply flushed, the other pale. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. If by excessive joy— Coffea.-Undue excitement, spasms, colic, and aching pain in small of back. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every two hours. Opium. Excessive pain and spasm; the abdomen is forcibly drawn in; the patient has to bend double; anxious ineffectual urging to relief of the bowels; dark redness and heat of the face. Two drops, 6th dilution, every three hours. If from disappointed love or jealousy- Hyoscyamus.-Trembling of hands and feet as from ex- citement; fainting fits; restlessness; nausea; profuse per- spiration; continual desire to empty the bladder; dulness of 80 AMENORRHOEA, OR SUPPRESSION OF MENSES. the senses; swelling of the eyes; jerkings and twitchings, or immoderate laughter, without anything to excite it. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Nux Vomica.-Pain and tenderness in lower part of spine; severe pains in bowels; forcing, almost amounting to spasm of the womb; nausea; violent frontal or general head- ache; burning and swelling of the eyeballs; chilliness, with distension of abdomen; constipation, with frequent ineffec- tual urging. Specially for dark bilious subjects. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Ignatia. See under "Grief." Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. If from a chill, or getting wet- Aconite.-Hot, flushed face; dry, hot skin; chilliness; quick pulse; cold feet and hands; oppression at chest and bowels; shivering at the least draught; palpitation; aching, beating pains in head, or as if something with sharp points were thrust into it; thirst; disposition to faint on rising up. Especially for those of sanguine temperament. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every two hours. Pulsatilla. From a cold, or getting wet; pale face; difficulty of breathing; loss of breath after slight exertion; constant chilliness; disposition to weep; cold in the head; aching of bones in the head; shifting toothache; buzzing in the ears; pains in the loins; oppressive weight in the ab- domen; leucorrhoea; difficulty in passing water; colicky pains; nausea; vomiting; diarrhea; morning sickness; bad taste in the mouth; no appetite; nothing tastes good; yawning; stretching; great weakness, especially of the lower limbs; the legs or feet swell; inflamed, raised spots on the legs. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every three hours. Sepia.-Hysteric or nervous headache; toothache; ner- vous debility; great disposition to perspire, of a peculiar sweetish odour; dizziness; bearing-down pains in loins and small of the back; pains in the limbs, as if bruised or beaten ; nasal catarrh; face pale and dingy; dusky spots on the face AMENORRHOEA, OR SUPPRESSION OF MENSES. 81 1 or forehead, or a brownish saddle across the nose; acrid leucorrhoea, with soreness; coldness of the hands and feet, with frequent flashing of heat to the head and face; constipa- tion, with sense of weight; painful emptiness at pit of stomach. Very suitable for delicate constitutions. Two grains, 6th trituration, every three hours. Gelseminum.-Headache; heaviness of the eyelids; great difficulty in keeping them open; stupid, almost as though intoxicated; bearing-down pains; heaviness in region of womb; fulness over stomach; white leucorrhoea, or profuse spasmodic vomiting, resembling sea-sickness; hysteric symp- toms. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Belladonna.-Red face and eyes; throbbing headache, cannot bear the light, stooping, or movement; dull, and disinclined to move; weight in bowels and region of the womb; drowsiness; depression of spirits; dry, furred tongue; violent pain in small of back; leucorrhoea. Suitable to scro- fulous constitutions: follows Gelseminum, when that does not relieve, and is itself suitably followed by Calcarea. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Colocynth.-Suppression, from vexation, with severe colic. Most adapted for those easily excited to anger. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Cuprum. From a check of perspiration of the feet; pressing pains in the head, or a strange tingling pain in the crown of the head, or nausea and vomiting, with rush of blood to the head; redness of the face and eyes, or pale face, with livid circles round the eyes; nausea and vomiting; cramps of chest, stomach, and bowels; involuntary move- ments and twitchings of the limbs, or even convulsions, with fearful cries. One grain, 6th trituration, every three hours. Dulcamara. From sudden cold in damp, wet weather, or from getting wet through; especially if accompanied by nettle-rash, pains in limbs and joints; the breasts are en- 82 AMENORRHOEA, OR SUPPRESSION OF MENSES. larged and painful; or suppression, from being in damp cellars or dairies, living in damp under-ground kitchens, or being in any damp place. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Cimicifuga.-Distressing pains in the head; sleepiness; giddiness; flushed face; uneasiness of stomach; constipa- tion; indisposition and inability to perform any mental effort; pains in the limbs; the force of the cold is felt in the brain; spinal irritation; pain in centre of both eyeballs; the hair is sometimes sensitive, or touching it causes acute pain in the head; catarrhal fever; coryza; sore throat; faintness; gone feeling at stomach; alternate constipation and diar- rhoea. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Rhus. Suppression from getting wet in a shower, from bathing in cold water, or from other causes mentioned under Dulcamara; violent pressing pains in uterine region ; swollen and tender breasts; rheumatic pains, and stiffness of limbs —worse at night; restless; obliged to turn often to get even a few minutes' rest. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Pregnancy will also account for a sudden suppression of menstruation, or non-appearance, in the case of the married: the probability of its existence must always be considered. Its existence is generally confirmed by morning sickness, and other easily-recognised signs, which will be considered in the chapter on Pregnancy. Married ladies are as liable as single to suffer from the indiscretion, if they get wet or chilled; deviations in general health, such as a cold, may also produce a stoppage. A violent inflammation, particularly of the ovaries (most apt to occur just previous to, during, or immediately after, the menses), may occasion a suppression; it may result from external injury. The ovaries swell to three or four times their natural size, and their peritoneal covering becomes tender and inflamed. There is deep-seated pain and burn- ing sensation, much worse on motion. AMENORRHOEA-CHRONIC SUPPRESSION OF MENSES. 83 AMENORRHEA, OR CHRONIC SUPPRESSION. A non-appearance, rather than a sudden stoppage, or what is generally styled chronic suppression, may be caused by change of residence or occupation, as from one part of the country to another, or from a stirring to a sedentary employ- ment; from too close application, or confinement in-doors; from insufficient food; from leucorrhoea, or white discharge, as the effect of serious illness, such as typhus fever, or small- pox; from the progress of consumption; from the co- existence of some scrofulous disease, as of the joints or bones, or chronic abscess; from scrofulous or other affections of the ovaries, or other organs of the reproductive system. Defec- tive formation has been previously mentioned. ( General debility is another cause; as are chlorosis and general bloodlessness, or anemia; the very opposite con- dition, full-bloodedness, or plethora, with determination of blood to the head, or other parts of the body; as, for ex- ample, "a girl, previously in good health, approaches the time of puberty; some of the changes characteristic of it take place; the form assumes the contour of womanhood; and nothing but the occurrence of menstruation is wanting to announce the completion of the change. The menses, however, do not show themselves; but the girl begins to suffer from frequent headaches and a flushed face, frequent back-ache, pain in lower part of abdomen, constipated bowels, a furred tongue, and a full pulse. All these signs of con- stitutional disorder undergo a marked increase at stated periods of about a month. After some little time menstrua- tion may show itself, but very scantily, and attended by much pain, with, for several months after, no sign of its return, except such sign be afforded by vomiting of blood, passing of blood by the bowels, or bleeding from the nose. ""* Aletris. Debility from protracted illness, exhaustive discharges, imperfect nutrition, or over-study. Great want of tone in the muscular system; pain and discomfort in the muscles of various parts of the body; digestion slow and feeble, the least quantity of food causes pain; constipation; * West on Diseases of Women, Part I., p. 36. K 84 CHRONIC SUPPRESSION OF MENSES. AMENORRHEA Kad g the brain feels wearied; there is irritability and sensitive- ness, or sleeplessness; depressed, indifferent feeling; there may be night-sweats; pressure and sense of weight in lower part of the abdomen. It applies to atonic conditions of the womb and ovaries; to leucorrhoea and congestion, as their result. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Arsenicum.-Great debility; white, waxy, or pale and livid complexion; blue margins round the eyes; the least exertion fatigues; frequent paroxysms of fainting; sleep and tiresome dreams; chilly, however well wrapped up; wants to be near the fire; pain in the shoulders and the very bottom of the back, from the lower part of abdomen into vagina, or shooting pains from rectum into vagina, up the back, and in the sides of the abdomen; the pains may be so violent as to compel patient to bend double, with loud eructations, moaning, lamentations, weeping, cold perspiration; corrosive leucorrhoea. One grain, 6th trituration, every four hours. Apocynum.-Unusual heaviness of the head, with dull aching in the limbs and the small of the back; bloatedness of abdomen; swelling of the legs; oppression of the chest and stomach; difficult at times to breathe deeply enough to talk; this oppression is not the result of inflammation; decided scantiness of urine. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Acid, Benzoic.-Chronic cough; suffocative catarrh; chronic rheumatism; light-coloured, fetid diarrhoea; patient wakes after midnight with violent palpitation; nausea; confusion of head; drowsiness; tongue coated white; the urine smells strongly, like the medicine, before any of it has been administered. Two grains, 3rd trituration, every three hours. Acid, Phosphoric. Following acute illness, such as typhus; "nervous debility;" general deafness, from weak- ness; sight affected; thin and acrid leucorrhoea; the hair comes off in considerable quantity. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Sta AMENORRHOEA-CHRONIC SUPPRESSION OF MENSES. 85 Acid, Sulphuric.-Headache; diarrhoea, not from diet; frequent acrid, corrosive leucorrhoea; pain in abdomen and small of back, as though the menses would come on, or a show of mucus tinged with blood—but still they do not t; nightmare; sense of strangulation. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Esculus. Prostration of whole system; faint, miserable, cross feeling; disinclination to perform any labour; yawn- ing, stretching, and chilly; back of head feels heavy; brain confused; headache; involuntary winking; sleep disturbed by frightful dreams, as of being in battle and fighting hard; dull pains in right side, over liver, in the small of the back; constipation; ineffectual desire and great urging; piles purple in colour, with burning; or simply a feeling of dry- ness, with itching or thickening of the lining of lower bowel; there may be protrusion; leucorrhoea, with burning in the breasts. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Aloes.-Loss of flesh; pale, waxen countenance; irrita- tion; congestion of womb; leucorrhoea; heat and irritation in rectum; large secretion of urine; active sexual feeling; constipation, with straining. Very useful if suppression manifests itself in young people who are closely confined to a sedentary occupation for example, or the working of a sewing machine. Headache, alternating with pain in the back; piles; vomiting or spitting of blood, or bleeding from the nose, from suppression. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every three hours. Alumina. Frequent toothache; dyspepsia; constipa- tion; whining mood; uneasy sleep; waking early in the morning, with palpitation; copious flow of mucus from vagina; tremblings; lassitude; sensation as if everything were falling out of abdomen; cutting pains; colic, as though the bowels would be purged; there may be pinching, writhing, pressing like labour-pains, and leucorrhoea. One grain, 6th trituration, every three hours. Ammonia Carb.-Great debility; coldness; soreness of kapag da 86 AMENORRHEA -CHRONIC SUPPRESSION OF MENSES. the body; painful pressure and tension between the shoulders, or violent pains in the small of the back; pale face; toothache and sadness. Two grains, 3rd trituration, every three hours. Apis.-Inflammation or congestion, and tenderness of ovaries; pain, deep-seated; weight; heaviness; irritation of bladder; constant desire to pass water, a few drops only being passed. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every three hours. Asafoetida.-Delicate, atonic, extremely irritable persons, subject to spasms; pale, and subject to leucorrhoea, and hysteric attacks; undue secretion of saliva. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Asclepias Syriaca.-Intermitting pains, of labour-like severity, with profuse urination, headache, giddiness, and nausea. Found of use in "non-appearance," in dropsical patients suffering from heart disease. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Aurum M.-Marked despondency; loathing of life; suicidal thoughts; palpitation; difficulty of breathing, at night especially; obliged constantly to fetch a long breath; whining mood; always imagining new obstacles and dis- appointments. One grain, 6th trituration, every four hours. Baptisia. After typhus or low fever; debility; physical and mental depression; nervous prostration; virulent leu- corrhoea; constipation; piles; indisposition; want of power to think; mind seems weak; drowsy, stupid, tired feeling; sleep restless and uneasy, with frightful dreams or night- mare. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Baryta.-Mental and physical weakness in the anemic, or chlorotic, or scrofulous; weakness, to fainting; toothache; swelling of the legs; leucorrhoea; sometimes piles; hysteria, p AMENORRHOEA- CHRONIC SUPPRESSION OF MENSES. 87 with dimness of sight, or double vision; ringing in the ears, and pains in the temples. Two grains, 6th trituration, every three hours. Borax. Heaviness in the chest; arrest of breathing; violent buzzing in the ears, and beating in the head; conges- tion to the chest and head; acrid leucorrhoea; spots on the face. Specially for those who are liable to take cold in damp weather; to those of sensitive, lax temperaments; sad, peevish, indisposed for exertion, yet restless and uneasy; easily frightened; the flesh, if hurt, is difficult to heal, and disposed to ulcerate. 1) Two grains, 3rd trituration, every four hours. Bromine. In consumptive patients; when the usual precursory symptoms are observed, but the menses do not follow (related to Iodine). Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Calcarea. In the leuco-phlegmatic; giddiness; short- ness of breath; tightness; fulness of the chest on going upstairs; cold, damp feet; swelling at the pit of the stomach; attacks of fainting, with drops of sweat on the face; weari- ness of the limbs; easily tired after a little exertion; weak- ness in the knees, especially in going upstairs; great sensitiveness to cold evening air; liability to take cold; the hair comes off; loss of flesh; weakness of the chest when talking, or oppression and pressive pains at the chest; dry, fatiguing cough; uneasy sleep; depression; irritability at trifles; daily copious leucorrhoea; palms of the hands and soles of the feet burn in the afternoon and evening. Two grains, 6th trituration, every three hours. Carbo Animalis.-Debility; excessive fatigue after walk- ing; easy perspiration; sensitiveness to the open air; great languor; chilliness; yawning; stretching; troublesome flatu- lence; bloatedness of abdomen, with unsuccessful attempts to eructate; audible rumbling of flatulence; headache; pain in small of back and groins, and weight in the thighs. Two grains, 3rd trituration, every three hours. H . 88 AMENORRHŒA—CHRONIC SUPPRESSION OF MENSES. Carbo Vegetabilis.—In cachectic individuals, pale yel- low complexion, subject to acidity, spasms, and flatulence; itching eruptions on the nape of the neck, and between the shoulders; chlorosis; piles; pains in small of back, proceed- ing from the bottom of the abdomen; bruised pain in all the bones; leucorrhoea. Two grains, 1st trituration, every three hours. Causticum.-Yellow complexion; giddiness; dizziness; melancholy; colic, with pains in the back, worse during motion; wandering, shifting pains in the abdomen; stabbing pain under the breasts. Applies to weakly, scrofulous consti- tutions, especially to such of these as have been debilitated by long grief. Two drops, 6th dilution, every three hours. Cimicifuga.-Undue excitability of the nervous system; rheumatic neuralgia; hysteria; occasionally chorea; giddi- ness and dulness of the head; anxiety; restlessness and derangement of the stomach; nausea; unsuccessful efforts to vomit. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Chelidonium.-Marked biliary derangement and diar- rhoea. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Cicuta.—A kind of sore pain, low down in right side, as after a violent shock; a sense of drawing and pulse-like beating. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Cocculus.-Oppression, anxiety, colic, and paralytic weakness; spasms; hysteria; fainting. Adapted to the ner- vous disposed to imaginary fears; and slight cases of "nymphomania," or sexual excitement; leucorrhoea, thin and yellowish, in place of the menses. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Collinsonia.-Congestion of uterus; affections of the rectum, as constipation and piles, in sensitive subjects; AMENORRHOEA-CHRONIC SUPPRESSION OF MENSES. 89 violent pains in the lower part of abdomen; nausea; fainting; great prostration; yellow appearance round the eyes; great disposition to sleep during the day; the nights disturbed by pain; headache; dyspepsia, from want of tone. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Colocynth.-Vexation appears to be the cause; cutting and tearing pains; colic, obliging to bend double, with great anguish and restlessness; darting pains in ovaries; "menstrual colic." Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Conium.-Great nervousness, or hysterical symptoms; involuntary laughing or weeping; debility; excessive weak- ness; anguish; sadness; pains in back and sacrum; disten- sion of abdomen; abdominal spasms; urine intermits in its flow; breasts enlarged; head sore and painful, or else small, flabby, dry skin; giddiness, even when lying-much in- creased by an attempt to turn over; increased sexual desires. Worth a trial in amenorrhoea from undeveloped state of ovaries and uterus; also in ovarian disease and chlorosis. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Cuprum.-Pressing or strange tingling pain in the top of the head; rush of blood to the head, with redness of the face and eyes, or pale face, with livid circles round the eyes; frequent nausea, and frequent vomiting; cramps in stomach and bowels; spasms of the chest, and palpitation; convulsive movements of the limbs, or convulsions, with fearful cries. Specially applicable to cases from suppression of perspiration to the feet. C Two grains, 6th trituration, every four hours. Cypripedium.-Nervous system has been severely tried by sitting up at night, and long-continued nursing, or any long strain of nervous system; neuralgia, intense and mad- dening, or simply irritability; agitation and sleeplessness, or hysteria, with heightened sensitiveness of all the senses. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. H 2 90 AMENORRHŒA-CHRONIC SUPPRESSION OF MENSES. Digitalis. Dyspeptic or heart symptoms; inability for exertion; great desire for sour or bitter things and drinks; face is pale; breathing slow and deep; patient cannot hold her breath, except for a very short time, and she has often to take a long breath; fainting fits, preceded by an intermittent pulse; chest throbbing in the right side, and stitches; great weakness in the knees, felt on going upstairs; the bends of the knees feel tight, and the legs weary. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Ferrum.-Chlorotic symptoms and giddiness; dulness and confusion of ideas; dizziness increased by looking at flowing water or moving objects (this is also a marked symptom of Cocculus); humming in the ears; face pale, and puffy round the eyes; lips and tongue yellowish white; great nervousness; debility; trembling of the limbs; loss of flesh; great disposition to lie and sit still; pressure in the stomach; loss of appetite; sluggish bowels; great weakness of lower limbs, especially of the knees; frequent chills; constant coldness. In some cases, with all the debility here described, there are transient rushes of blood to the face, to the chest, and to the stomach. The menses may just show like coloured water. Two grains, 1st trituration, every four hours. Graphites. For total suppression, or an occasional show, pale and very scanty; it soon ceases; pale, yellow face; weak eyes; frequent flushes; troublesome dryness of the nose; eructations; morning sickness; great inclination to perspire, and to eruptions of small blebs; itching blotches, or erysipelas; symptoms of cold in the head set in about the time for the period, with hoarseness, dry cough, evening headache, chilliness, pains in limbs, sometimes toothache; often diarrhoea; dyspeptic symptoms; either no appetite, or a voracious one; great thirst; dislike to certain things, as beer or meat; nausea; pains in the chest and bowels; obsti- nate constipation; painful piles; coldness and falling asleep of the feet; swelling of the hands and feet; or when sup- pression has taken place, soon after the flow commenced, with AMENORRHOEA CHRONIC SUPPRESSION. S 91 cutting pains in bowels; swelling over ovaries; a forcing of everything down towards the genital organs; the leucorrhoea often white, and as liquid as water. Two grains, 6th trituration, every four hours. Gelseminum.-Neuralgia, headache, or hysteria; bear- ing down; heaviness in region of the womb; fulness over the stomach; white leucorrhoea; profuse spasmodic vomit- ing, like sea-sickness. The neuralgia acute and darting, with twitchings of the muscles near the seat of pain; it leaves a soreness. The headache comes on suddenly, with dimness of vision, or double-sightedness; heaviness of the head; stupor; difficulty in keeping the eyes open; dull, heavy expression of countenance; full pulse. The hysteric attacks have marked spasms of the throat, followed by a heavy, stupid feeling. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Hedeoma.-Intestinal irritation; nausea; retchings; prostration; nervous twitchings; periodical pains; coldness of the extremities; shortness of breath; rising in the chest ; eyesight goes. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Iodium.-Frequent palpitation; pale face, alternating with redness; loss of breath on ascending an eminence; great nervousness; great debility, especially in the lower limbs ; trembling of the limbs, lasting a long time; loss of appetite; wasting; hysteria, or hectic. Useful in lymphatic tem- peraments; in the scrofulous, with swellings of the joints or throat (goitre); and for the effects of Mercury. Pulsatilla, Ferrum, and Bromine apply to somewhat similar cases. Two drops, 6th dilution, every three hours. Kali Carb.-Disposition to erysipelas, or inflammation of the veins; heart symptoms; palpitation; difficulty of breathing; pale face, sometimes alternating with great redness; an effort at menstruation, attended by sour risings; eructations and shooting pains over the whole abdomen. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. 92 AMENORRHOEA-CHRONIC SUPPRESSION. Lachesis.-Hysteric headache; pale face; disposition to sadness, melancholy, and weeping; sour taste and vomiting; swelling of the feet; pains in back and loins; cutting, sharp pains in the bowels; leucorrhoea; swelling and pressure about the navel; drawing pains through the whole body; a few drops of blood from the nose. Epileptic symptoms some- times present. Two drops, 30th dilution, every four hours. Lycopodium.-Pale, yellowish-grey, sunken face, some- times almost livid; deep wrinkles; at other times, pimples or freckles. The stoppage may have been caused by fright. Dyspeptic symptoms, marked by a sour taste, or that of mouldy cheese; sour eructations; sour vomiting; appetite very variable—at one time a feeling of constant repletion, at another great desire for food; pain at the stomach, espe- cially after pastry; a good deal of rumbling and croaking in the bowels, especially on the left side; symptoms of chlo- rosis or hysteria; headache; disposition to sadness, melan- choly, and weeping; swelling of the feet; pains in the back and loins; colic, fainting fits; leucorrhoea. Two grains, 6th trituration, every four hours. Magnesia Carb.-Spasms of the abdomen; nightly spasmodic cough; sour, fetid, or greasy perspiration; faint- ing fits; toothache; aversion to meat; longing for cabbage; sour risings; frothy, sour diarrhoea; increased, pale, or fre- quent urine; every effort to menstruate attended by sore throat. Two grains, 3rd trituration, every three hours. Magnesia Mur.-Hysteria; nervousness; crying; sleep- lessness; constipation; stools like sheep's dung, or which crumble as they pass; nausea; livid complexion; painful hardness of abdomen, with distension; leucorrhoea, with spasms of the uterus; sweaty feet. Two grains, 3rd trituration, every three hours. Mercurius Vivus.-Puffy swelling of hands and feet; red blotches; chilliness; creeping sensations down the spine; AMENORRHOEA-CHRONIC SUPPRESSION. 93 shudderings; goose-flesh; skin sensitive to the touch; white, clay-coloured face; attenuated, sunken features; dim, gloomy eyes; progressive emaciation; metallic, soapy, or taste as of rotten eggs; constipation, or straining, bilious diarrhoea; low-spiritedness; loss of appetite, or terrible tearing pains in head and face; the teeth feel long, sore, and loose; pains in breasts, and in limbs or face, after getting the least damp, or in damp weather. One grain, 6th trituration, every three hours. Mitchella.-Uneasy feeling at the heart; it beats at times slowly and regularly, then quickly; the back is very weak; all the muscles feel sore; irritability of uterus, or else weight and uneasiness from venous engorgement; urging to urinate; a feeling of uneasiness at neck of bladder; urine of high colour; sediment white and flocculent; dull pain over the kidneys. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every three hours. Moschus.-Earthy complexion; aversion to food; nausea; hysterics, followed or preceded by numbness of the limbs; dryness in the throat; small fluttering pulse; cold skin; drowsiness; fainting fits at night. Two drops, 1st dilution, every three hours. Natrum Muriaticum.-Face yellow and shining, as from grease; loss of, or flat watery taste, or sweet risings; spitting of blood with the saliva; thirst, but no desire for drink; heartburn; acidity; eructations; distension; colic; headache on waking, which lasts a long time; constipation, with large difficult evacuations. Two grains, 3rd trituration, every two hours. Nitric Acid.-Sickly, yellow face, particularly round the eyes, which seem more deeply set than usual; on waking, bloatedness round the eyes; sour or sweet taste; want of appetite; much yawning, and languor; leucorrhoea. Two drops, 6th dilution, every three hours. Nux Moschata.-Intolerable dryness of throat, mouth, and tongue, particularly when asleep; whining or fitful t 94 AMENORRHŒA—CHRONIC SUPPRESSION. mood; fulness or dryness of the eyes; enormous distension of bowels after every meal; a good deal of uneasiness and irritation; a constant urging, with scanty emission of urine; leucorrhoea; hysterical attacks, or disposition to sleep and faint away. Two drops, 1st dilution, every two hours. Nux Vomica.-Dyspeptic symptoms; sour or bitter taste; hunger, which changes to a feeling of repletion on taking ever so little; uncomfortable distension of stomach after meals-the clothes have to be loosened; constipation ; piles; headache; irritable mood; restless sleep, especially after about three in the morning; suppression, as the result of rich luxurious living, and mode of life, or close confine- ment, and a great deal of sitting; headache; cramps; faint- ings or neuralgia. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Opium. Constipation; congestion of blood to the head; red face; the head feels heavy; stupor; jerks; startings; twitchings; deadly paleness of face and body; feeble pulse, as though the powers of life were deadened: epileptic symp- toms, or excessive pain and spasm of the abdomen, forcibly drawing the muscles in, and compelling the patient to bend double; anxious, ineffectual urging to relieve the bowels. Two drops, 6th dilution, every three hours. Phosphorus. For the tall and slender, of consumptive tendency; spitting of blood, or vomiting of it; constipation; great weakness across the bowels; cold feet and legs; per- spiration in bed towards morning, particularly on the chest or calves of the legs, with tired feeling; the shoulders bend forward; apt to sit sunk together from weakness; to straighten herself is an effort. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Phosphoric Acid.-Distension of uterus as though filled with air; sensation of something moving up and down. Specially suitable for cases where there is any scrofulous dis- ease of the bones; face pale; blue margins round the eyes; AMENORRHOEA-CHRONIC SUPPRESSION. 95 itching pimples on the face; general loss of appetite; bread disagrees; fainting attacks after meals. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Phytolacca. Ovarian irritation or disease; dulness; giddiness; smarting in the eyes; pains in the forehead, worse after dinner; sensation of a lump in the throat; general lassi- tude; disinclination to move; desire to lie down; muscular pains; chronic rheumatism; shocks of pain in the heart and right arm; restless sleep; frequent yawning in the day; pale, sickly look, or dark yellow; the eyes look sunken, eye- lids bleared, sometimes glued together in the morning; nausea and eructations; tenderness at the pit of the stomach to the touch; boring pain, deep-seated or neuralgic pain in left side of abdomen, over left ovary; constipation; urgent desire to pass water; copious urination at night. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. M Podophyllum.-Sallow complexion; sleepiness in the day-time; restlessness in the fore-part of the night; fatigue on walking; depression of spirits; anticipating severe illness; giddiness; dizziness; morning headache, with flushed face; pain on the top of the head; pain in the eyeballs and temples; offensive odour from the mouth; indifference to food, or voracious appetite; acidity; nausea; regurgitation of food; fulness of right side of bowels; colic, with drawing- in of muscles of the abdomen; heat in the bowels; cramps; bilious diarrhoea, or chalk-like stools; piles; prolapsus of the lower bowel; pain in the region of the ovaries, especially the right; bearing-down pain on motion; leucorrhoea; rumbling of flatus in bowels; pain in small of back; sensa- tion of coldness. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Pulsatilla.-Pale face; chilliness even in summer, or whenever so warmly clad warmly clad; melancholy; indifferentism; peevishness; great disposition to laugh or cry; difficulty of breathing; loss of breath after slight exertion; cold in the head; aching pains of bones; wandering toothache; nausea; morning sickness; trembling; buzzing in the ears; pains 96 AMENORRHOEA-CHRONIC SUPPRESSION. in the loins; oppressive weight in the abdomen; cutting and bearing-down pains; burning pains in vagina and puden- dum; leucorrhoea; cutting pains in abdomen; difficulty in passing water; great weakness, especially of the lower limbs; the legs swell, with inflamed, raised spots on them (erythema nodosum); no appetite; nothing tastes good; greasy, slimy taste; tendency to diarrhoea; waterbrash; or sour vomiting. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every three hours. Platina.-Melancholy; anguish about the heart; trem- bling of the hands and feet; small and feeble pulse; flushed face; hysteric symptoms, and vascular excitement; painful pressing, as though menses would appear; constipation, with pain in the small of the back; desire for relief of the bowels; clay-like evacuations are passed. Two grains, 6th trituration, every six hours. Sabina.-Menstrual colic; violent labour-like pains, drawing and pressing from the back to the uterus, and down the thighs; thick fetid leucorrhoea. Specially adapted for those in whom, at other times, menstruation is profuse. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Sanguinaria.-Hysteria; depression of pulse; languor; uneasiness and warmth in stomach; slight nausea; ab- dominal pains; pains in loins, extending through the hypo- gastric and iliac regions, as well as down the thighs, that is, in all directions; pain in right side of head and forehead-in the eyes, as though they would be pressed out; escape of flatus from vagina; it passes with some considerable noise. This remedy is especially suited to cases either preceded or followed by pulmonary disease. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Secale.-Sallow complexion; melancholy, or hysteria; violent, continuous forcing pain; profuse discharge of watery urine; great debility. Very suitable to thin married women suffering from suppression, who generally suffer much at every period; leucorrhoea. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. AMENORRHOEA-CHRONIC SUPPRESSION. 97 Sepia. In the delicate with fine skins, often with brown spots on the face; yellow saddle across the cheeks and nose; sick or hysteric headache in females who ordinarily men- struate scantily; vascular excitement; irregularity; rush of blood to the head, with fulness; flushed face; sickness; distension of the bowels; palpitation; weariness; acrid leu- corrhoea; soreness of vulva; peculiar sweet-smelling perspi- ration, especially in armpits (sudor hystericus); coldness of hands and feet; constipation; sense of weight. Two grains, 6th trituration, every four hours. Senecio.-Sheer debility, attended by inability to sleep; nervous irritability; yawning; stretching; lassitude; some- times faintings; loss of appetite; coated tongue; consti- pation; wandering pains in the back and shoulders; nausea; sour risings; variable spirits; at times considerable disposi- tion and effort for period to come on. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Silicea.-Pale, swollen face; chilliness; icy cold feet; drowsiness; faintness; momentary blindness; obscuration of vision; nausea, relieved by lying down; heartburn; colic; constipation; smarting, acrid, and corrosive leucorrhoea, or white water from womb, instead of menses. Two grains, 6th trituration, every six hours. Sulphur.-Pale and sickly complexion; blue rings round eyes, and red spots on cheeks, or vivid redness of the face; darting headache; flushes of heat; stitches in the side; heat in the top of the head; coldness of feet, or burning of soles of feet at night; pimples; itching on forehead and chest; faintings; nervous debility; great exhaustion after talking; irritable mood; melancholy, with frequent weeping; immoderate hunger, especially in the morning; sour and burning risings; pressure, fulness, and heaviness in stomach; also just below it, and in abdomen; piles; slimy diarrhoea; constipation, with ineffectual urging; hysteria; chlorosis; pains in loins; limbs liable to go to sleep; attacks of quick, sobbing breathing. Two grains, 6th trituration, every four hours. 98 AMENORRHOEA-CHRONIC SUPPRESSION. Valerian.-Hysteria and nausea, and sensation as though a thread were hanging down the throat. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Veratrum Album.-Leaden-looking, or pale, livid face; nervous headache; cold sweat on the forehead; nausea and vomiting; cold hands, feet, and nose; cramps at night; great weakness, with faintness after any slight exertion. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Veratrum Viride. From fright or sudden mental emotion; nervous faintness and exhaustion; cold, clammy skin; cramps; diarrhoea; heartburn; vomiting; headache; heaviness of the head; epileptic seizures without warning. The suppression appears to arise from active congestion of the uterus, and excess of blood in the whole system. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Zinc.-Marked alternate redness and paleness of the face; and when attended by chorea. Two drops, 30th dilution, every six hours. Zizia. Irritation of the spinal cord and brain; spasms; convulsions; epilepsy; drowsiness; spasmodic twitching during sleep; tightness in the head; giddiness, and pain on whole of the left side, increased by light and noise; nausea ; acid or bilious vomiting; acrid leucorrhoea; short, tight, dry cough; stitches in the chest, worse in the evening and during the night. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Hydropathic Measures.-Tepid or cold morning spong- ing, or tepid sheet, followed by friction; sitz baths occasion- ally, or mustard foot-baths, as required. An abdominal com- press worn pretty constantly, will, in many cases, prove of service. Exercise must be taken, and diet and dress regulated as previously and repeatedly laid down. SKIN AFFECTIONS. As several common skin affections are associated with amenorrhoea and other menstrual irregularities, we proceed AMENORRHOEA-STRUCTURE OF SKIN. 99 to notice such as are so connected, premising our remarks by a description of the skin, and its functions. We do this as not only necessary to a clear understanding of what skin diseases really are, and their intelligent treatment, but also as a means of showing how easily ill-effects arise from any- thing that arrests or materially interferes with the due dis- charge of the functions of the skin. or ❝ - 66 The skin or covering of our bodies consists of the true skin, otherwise called "the derma,” “the cutis,” or "the corium; and outside this, the scarf skin, or epidermis." The derma, or true skin, is connected with the parts beneath, either intimately, as on the scalp, chin, and face, by areæ filled with fat, or loosely, as on the eyelids and the bends of the joints in this case, the area are large, and moistened by serous fluid, which is sometimes considerably increased notably in the eyelids, when there is said to be "infiltration," ædema❞—often seen in inflammation of the face after a severe cold, or as an attendant on an abscess of the upper jaw. The looseness of tissue referred to above facilitates free- dom of motion. The fatty tissue underneath the true skin, or derma, affords a passage and a ground for the ramification and subdivision of the arteries, veins, capillary vessels, nerves, and lympathics, which have their termination at the surface of the skin. The blood-vessels and capillaries render the skin capable of inflammation and congestion; its innumerable nervous filaments give it its special sensitiveness in the sense of touch, and its general sensitiveness, as itching, smarting, burning, tingling. The surface of the body being almost wholly made up of capillary vessels, and minute filaments of nerves, an abnormal increase in size, or hypertrophy, of these blood-vessels, gives rise to "nævi," or "marks," and "stains" on the face. The derma, or true skin, secretes, for its own protection and covering, a dense but flexible layer-"the epidermis," or "scarf skin." This epidermis. consists of two portions-the soft, more recently formed part, called the "rete mucosum," and outside this, the harder part, arranged in layers or scales, which are being continually worn and cast off as fine dust, or washed off in our daily ablutions. Both the inner true skin, or derma, and the outer, "" 100 AMENORRHOEA-FUNCTIONS OF SKIN. 1 2000 or epidermis, are penetrated by tubules or follicles, made visible to the eye when the skin gets "goose-fleshed." These tubules are the hair follicles, and the sebiparous or oil glands, and the sudoriparous or sweat follicles. The "rete muco- sum,” the inner or softer part of the epidermis, has in it a multitude of granules a part of an inch in diameter, which, by their greater or less degree of approximation and number, determine a fair, dark, or ebony complexion. We have examples of alterations taking place in the "rete mucosum;" in the "sun-burnt," or "tanned," from exposure to the sun's rays; in the deepened tint of the areola of the nipple in pregnancy; in the darkening of the skin of the eye- lids, seen in many during menstruation, and which charac- terises some of its disorders; in the brown spots on the face, and especially, of a horse-shoe shape, on the forehead, also indicative of uterine disturbance; in the yellow tint of the whole body in certain forms of debility, and depravity of the blood, or "cachexia ;" and in the yellow colour of babies a day or two old; in freckles, moles, and liver spots on the face. The sebaceous follicles on the face, the back, and the hollow in the front of the breast-bone (parts where these follicles secrete most oily matter), are apt to have that matter accumulate instead of passing away. The accumula- tion appears at the surface of the skin as a black point, and it may be pressed out, of a distinct tubular shape, resembling a grub or a maggot with a black head. These accumulations in the parts of the body just mentioned, often give rise to pimples and pustules, technically called "acree." The epidermis is liable to thickening and to scaly affec- tions; the derma to inflammation, to congestion: when the serous fluid, or lymph, the result of congestion, is re- tained in the tissues, it produces "pimples;" or, when poured out upon the surface of the derma, or "true skin," it lifts the cuticle, and causes "vesicles." Inflammation of the skin may be followed by large blebs, or "bullæ ;" or the inflammation, extending deeply into the skin, forms a prominence on the surface-a boil, which involves the death of a portion of the "derma," which portion constitutes “the core;" to effect the dislodgment and casting off of which, a Maou I SKIN AFFECTIONS, WITH AMENORRHOEA. 101 greater or less amount of suppuration or discharge is required. Carbuncle is a more extensive, deeper seated, flat boil, the result of low vitality and great debility. When inflamma- tion of the skin continues, the lymph of the vesicles is often changed into matter or pus, or the inflammation may be vio- lent enough to produce pus in the vesicles or "pustules" from the onset. The precise results in the way of pimple, vesicle, pustule, or simple redness, by which inflammation of the skin is followed, often depends less on the exciting cause than on the temperament and constitution-bilious, sanguine, lym- phatic, nervous, or plethoric-of the individual. The seb- iparous glands provide a fatty secretion for the lubrication of the surface of the skin, particularly of the face, head, and chest. The "sudoriparous," or sweat-glands, of which there are two millions and a quarter on the surface of the body (forming a length, if continuous, of twenty eight miles), secrete the perspiration. The skin thus forms a seat of sensation, and a defence and protection to the deeper-seated tissues; it also exhales and secretes, regulating its own health and the temperature of the body, and purifying the blood and the whole system, to an incalculable extent, by its function of secreting and pouring forth the perspiration. A piece of oiled silk kept over any part of the body, keeps in the exhalation, and gives us some idea of its extent. The perspiration is sensible, that is, evident to, or appreciable by, the senses, as after exer- cise or excitement, or as the result of heat; and that of which we are not conscious, as when quiet, in the ordinary tem- perature of a mild climate, about two pounds of liquid thus passes off by the skin commonly in twenty-four hours: the quantity must, in the nature of things, vary much, even in different individuals, and even in the same person at various times and under altered circumstances. The objects effected by the perspiration are, the getting rid of superfluous water, the regulation of the heat of the body, and the throwing off of useless and noxious matters from the system, thus ma- terially lightening the duties of both kidneys and liver. Hence the pungent heat of the body in fever, and the deleterious effects that cannot fail to ensue, when not only 102 SKIN AFFECTIONS, WITH AMENORRHEA. the perspiration is stopped, but every other secretion nearly suspended. The matters thrown back on the system, not reckoning the watery part, which makes up 97 parts out of every 100, and the fat or oil, would be carbonic acid, also largely in the breath; urea and lactic acid, also found in the urine; acetic acid, also sudoric acid, which, combined with certain volatile, odorous substances, gives to the perspiration its odour; ammonia and acetic acid contributing to affect this at other times when at all in excess. There are, also, in the perspiration, common salt, chloride of potass, phosphate of soda, earthy phosphates, sugar, albumen, biliary matters, and sulphur. It will readily be conceived. how a comparatively slight excess of some of these matters, or decomposition of some of them, or adventitious products, may make the perspiration pungent and disagreeable. The prime necessity for such a compound as this, passing from every part of the body, to be daily removed by washing and friction, ought scarcely to require mention. The sensitiveness of the skin accounts for the ease with which a chill or draught checks both the sensible and insen- sible perspiration, stops the pores, and produces congestion of its minute capillaries, with attendant fever; how Aconite, which acts directly on these capillaries, is the medicine best suited for such cases; and how a hydropathic packing of the body, wrapping it in a tepid, wet sheet, enveloping it in blankets, and keeping it so until the skin acts freely, will reduce fever, and free the system from noxious matter. Mercury, and other nauseous drugs, have thus been frequently eliminated. This sensitiveness of the skin is also of practical import- ance in this way;-that an impression of heat, for example, is much greater in proportion to the extent of surface acted upon—a remark which is obvious enough, but a fact which has been often lost sight of, with disagreeable and not unfre- quently painful consequences. "The right hand is less sensitive to hot water (as in trying a bath) than the left; when a finger is placed in it, heat may seem only agreeable, which would be insupportable to the whole hand; the hand, again, may only give the sensation of a proper heat, which, to the elbow or the entire skin, would be unbearable. SKIN AFFECTIONS, WITH AMENORRHOEA. 103 These experiments tend to show, that a moderate heat applied to a large surface, is likely to produce a more powerful and salutary impression, when used as a remedial agent, than a greater heat upon a limited surface.”* A thermometer should always be used to test the heat of baths. Where one cannot be obtained, the hand should not be relied on, but an immersion of the elbow. The proper heat is given below. The tepid bath from 85° to 92°. warm bath 98°. hot bath 92° 98° 112°. "" دو " "" "" "" The skin is endowed with an absorbent as well as an ex- halent property; it absorbs oxygen-hence one advantage of daily ablution and moisture. A tepid bath will allay thirst; and in a moist atmosphere, the weight lost in a Turkish bath will soon be made up, without either eating or drinking. Mercury has often been absorbed, to the lasting regret of patients. Lead, to the intense suffering of painters and printers, and blisters, have produced complete stoppage of urine, and all the symptoms of cantharides. Baths of gruel, soup, and broth have been employed on this principle suc- cessfully for the nourishment of the emaciated, as auxiliary means, or have been entirely relied on when nourishment could not be taken in any other way. A tepid bath not only conduces to absorption, and allays thirst, it produces a sensation of either heat or cold, accord- ing to the heat of the body at the time of immersion. It cleanses the skin, and promotes its action; tranquillises the nervous system, moderates the heart's action, and acts as a general sedative. A tepid sitz bath acts as a mild derivative, an equaliser of the circulation, and a tranquilliser of the nervous system, often producing quiet sleep; and as a gentle stimulant to all the abdominal organs, as in congestion of the womb and amenorrhoea. Tepid sponging is invaluable in fevers, especially scarla- tina, and after delivery; and is often a means of refreshment • Wilson's Physiology of the Skin. I 104 SKIN AFFECTIONS, WITH AMENORRHEA. when confined to the palms of the hands and the face. It may be generally adopted where, from debility or a languid circulation, cold sponging cannot be borne. A tepid pack promotes perspiration, reduces fever, pro- duces a gentle but general determination to the surface of the body, and purifies the system of deleterious and debili- tating matters, and restores receded eruptions. A warm bath renders the pulse fuller and more frequent; quickens the breathing, and increases the action of the skin. It causes languor, lessening of muscular power, and a dis- position for sleep. A warm sitz bath acts as a strong derivative, as in violent headache or neuralgia; as an allayer of severe pain in painful menstruation, in colic, inflammation, and the passing of gall-stones. A warm foot-bath, with mustard, is of service in ordinary colds, headache, in amenorrhoea, and in scanty menstruation. Sponging the face, temples, and neck, with water as hot. as it can be borne, will often relieve the headache of an in- fluenza cold. A general warm bath, in the case of children, when the circumstances are urgent, may be used in convulsions, with cold affusion to the head; and without this, to bring back eruptions that have disappeared. In the latter case it must be quickly given, and the patient at once carefully enveloped in a blanket. It must on no account be continued until faintness ensues. The hot bath causes a sensation of heat, renders the pulse fuller and stronger, accelerates respiration, causes intense redness of the skin, and subsequent copious perspiration; gives rise to violent throbbing and distension of the vessels of the head, with a feeling of suffocation, anxiety, and faint- ing. Long immersion sometimes causes apoplexy. Its use requires care, as it is a very powerful excitant. It is employed in paralysis, rheumatism, and collapse. The hot-air bath is used to promote free perspiration in congestion of the liver, paralysis, rheumatism, sciatica, and scaly and scurfy skin diseases; it ought never to be resorted to by those who do not perspire readily, as it may cause SKIN AFFECTIONS, WITH AMENORRHOEA. 105 determination of blood to the head, dizziness, fainting, and internal congestions. Vapour baths may be used for the same purposes as hot- air baths and hot baths. They do not raise the heat of the body as much as hot baths, are much less depressing, and in every way as serviceable, more readily applicable, and more easily managed than either hot-air or hot baths. Cold sea-bathing is a powerful tonic; it ought never to be taken without great consideration by those out of health. With all, on first plunging in, it produces a decided re- vulsion, which ought to be succeeded by a general and pleasurable glow. If this glow is long in making its appear- ance, especially if the patient never gets warm in the sea, she ought on no account to repeat the experiment. To get the full benefit of a sea-bath, everybody, without exception, should come out and dress before the glow goes off. DISEASES OF THE SKIN. The question of skin diseases opens up a very wide field, into which we scarcely venture to enter, but content our- selves with giving a few leading considerations as to the origin, classification, and treatment of those that are in any way connected with uterine function, or menstrual irre- gularity. Inflammation of the derma, or true skin, lies at the foundation of nearly all. This inflammation may result in redness, more or less diffused, called erythema, the English form of a Greek word signifying redness; or in a rash, as roseola, otherwise rose rash, prickly heat, or bastard measles. The result may be effusion and exuda- tion, infiltration of serum leading to oedema, as of the eyelids, technically called eczema, in progress of which the cuticle or outer skin may become dry and scaly, or fissured pityriasis (Greek, pityron, a thin scale), or the serum deposited may remain under the cuticle, and be- come thickened and hardened as papules or pimples, then called lichen, clusters or groups of pimples. When the in- flammation is deeper and more virulent, pushing itself on with impetus or force, it is called impetigo; the discharge then, instead of lymph, is purulent or muco-purulent, the • I 2 106 SKIN AFFECTIONS, WITH AMENORRHOEA. cuticle is removed, and the discharge either forming a crust as it is discharged, or coming away in considerable quantities sufficient to stain and moisten the coverings that may be on it. When, after inflammation (erythema), instead of it pass- ing off, leaving the skin with a yellow, greenish patch, as simple erythema always does, the skin is red, coarse, thickened, and wrinkled, or smooth, dry, brittle, itchy, and peeling, it is called psoriasis (Greek, psorin, to rub). The scales are sometimes light, like bran; sometimes thick, and arranged in layers; sometimes easily taken off, and at others firmly adherent. Inflammation of the skin may be followed by vesicles, blebs, or blisters, as in herpes and shingles. Herpes is an inflammation of the skin, presenting itself in patches, on which vesicles show themselves, assuming a roundish form; to this, in shingles, a morbid sensitiveness of the nerves of the skin is superadded by a drying up or scaling off of the cuticle, as in lepra; or instead of the vesicles on the skin containing serum, they may be filled with pus; and we have pustular disease, as in acne, the pustular affection attending the so-called "grubs" on the face. Ecthyma (ecthuein, Greek, to burst forth), a bursting forth of matter or suppuration, without distinction, of any part of the " derma," from a more intense and deeper inflam- mation, as a boil or carbuncle. As the consequence of inflammation, we may have per- manent alteration or thickening of the skin, seen in an exaggerated form in "elephantiasis;" or we may have oozing of blood, as in scurvy and purpura. The inflammation may itself be caused by parasites, as in itch; or the result of venereal poison, as in syphilis. The nerves of the skin may become endowed with a morbid and painful sensitiveness, as seen in shingles, and in some forms of prueritus and prurigo. We may also meet with a marked deficiency, an altera- tion, or a superabundance of the pigmentary matter of the "reto mucosum," as in chlorosis, some diseases of the kidneys, and in albinos. Lastly, we have local affections of the skin, as corns, bunions, and warts; those of the hair, as SKIN AFFECTIONS, WITH AMENORRHOEA. 107 to quality, colour, and texture; and those of the nails. Of the above affections, erythema, eczema, lichen, urticaria, or nettle-rash, and acne, are associated, more or less, with other affections peculiar to the female sex. Erythema, an inflammatory blush, more or less circum- scribed or diffused, is very often confounded with, and mis- taken for, erysipelas. The colour of erythema varies from a bright red to a crimson or purple: it is always confined to the skin; whilst erysipelas affects the structure beneath the areolar tissue as well, and is confined to the head and face, and the constitutional symptoms are severe. Ery- sipelas forms blebs or blisters, which, drying up, leave a crust; or it is attended by infiltration. The colour of erythema, as it disappears, changes to a yellowish green, like a bruise. Erythema is seen in the friction of the clothes, the chafing cold winds, or between the folds of the skin in fat children and grown-up persons; as on the neck: it always precedes bed sores; and, if treated in this stage, the sores can gene- rally be prevented. It is produced by mustard plaisters and slight blisters: it is the first stage of chilblains, and is the correct designation for the redness often seen in the legs and elsewhere, in dropsy. Erythema, of a peculiar kind, is often met with on the legs of young girls and young women; it is ushered in by slight illness, and some little fever; then red, raised spots come out on the legs, very rarely in the arms, in patches of some size, an inch or an inch and a-half long, and an inch broad. If felt, a decided projection can be recognised; they are "bumps," in plain terms; and it might be supposed abscesses were about to form. I have known them assidu- ously poulticed, under medical direction, with this appre- hension. With rest and treatment, the red colour changes into a blue, and the swelling disappears. Cooks, recently im- ported from the country to large towns, are very subject to this latter affection. In this, as in all other varieties of erythema, Aconite is the chief remedy. Pulsatilla and Arnica are sometimes required. Aconite and Arnica may be used externally, as well as internally. 108 SKIN AFFECTIONS, WITH AMENORRHŒA. For the chafing of the skin from clothes— Oleander. The skin easily excoriates, and becomes raw, even from the friction of the clothes. Humid spots behind the ears or if this does not heal- Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Causticum.-Burning itching; injuries to the skin which had been healed, become sore again, and discharge. Two drops, 30th dilution, every four hours. Hydrastis. Excoriation, as in the folds of the neck. One part of Hydrastis, and ten of Glycerine. Arnica lotion. A little white of egg, or Glycerine, equal parts of either of these, and strong Arnica, is the best application to pre- vent bed sores, and check chilblains. Brush it gently on the. back, to prevent bed sores, with a camel-hair brush, or a soft piece of linen; rub it into the chilblains; if there is any danger of their breaking, brush it on. Eczema.-Inflammation of the skin, followed or attended by oozing, the product of debility, hereditary or acquired. One familiar example of it is afforded in the chafing of a child when it begins to get moist or exudes: burns on the folds of the neck or thigh are often followed by it, and in what is generally called the scald head of children. When the oozed matter dries as scab, the irritation attending it is very great. Eczema, in any form, may result from a scrofulous consti- tution, weakly parentage, vaccination, teething, errors of diet, air, exercise, and clothing; the change of the seasons, excessive or rapid growth, nervous debility, deranged men- struation; uterine, reproductive, and child-bed derange- ments: from anxiety, over-fatigue of body and mind, and rheumatism or gout. Aconite.-Tingling; itching; burning; stinging; sore- ness; vesicles filled with serum or acrid fluid; rheumatic pains; redness, and inflammation of the parts. A grain, 6th trituration, every four hours. * C Arsenicum.-Eruption, like millet-seeds, with watery * Wilson's Cutaneous Medicine. SKIN AFFECTIONS, WITH AMENORRHOEA. 109 exudation; eruptions that scale off like bran, or in large patches (psoriasis and pityriasis); pain, burning, with itching. A grain, 6th trituration, every four hours. Borax.-White pimples the size of hemp-seed, with in- flammation round them, on the neck and chest; unhealthy Three drops, 3rd trituration, every three hours. skin. Clematis. Vesicular itch, like pustules; itch excessively in bed, or after washing; heat; redness; swelling; corrosive exudation. Adapted to inveterate eruptions (psoriasis). Two drops, 3rd dilution, every four hours. Ol. Crotonis.-Eczema, with violent irritation of stomach and bowels; rash, like eruption, with vesicles, which soon enlarge and run together, ooze, and form a greyish-brown crust. Two drops, 6th dilution, every four hours. Comocladia.-Violent itching; burning redness, and swelling, followed by yellow vesicles about the face and eyes; swelling of the face. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every four hours. Dulcamara. Small itching pimples, forming a crust, or dry off like bran; specially if the result of being over-heated, or exposure to damp, cold air. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every four hours. Iris Versicolor.-Vesicles gradually forming; pustules, which dry up, and leave a crust from exudation of lymph; underneath the scab it looks red, and bleeds if crust is removed. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every four hours. Juglans.-Eczema and lichen, with heat of the skin; crawling sensations, and chilliness; the discharge purulent and ichorous; the crusts hard and of some extent. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every four hours. Chamomilla. Excoriated sore places, as in children; 110 SKIN AFFECTIONS, WITH AMENORRHOEA. the nervous system is very sensitive and irritable; great sen- sitiveness to pain. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. China-Skin painful, sensitive, and itching; pimples, or excoriations, with fetid ichor or exudation. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every four hours. Graphites.-Chronic dryness of the skin; small, red, itch- ing pimples; skin cracks; is generally unhealthy; scanty or suppressed menstruation; inveterate psoriasis. Two grains, 6th trituration, every six hours. Mercurius. Itching, with great desire to scratch the part; small itching pimples, followed by desquamation or transparent vesicles containing a watery fluid, or pustules discharging an acrid humour; yellow colour of the skin. Two grains, 6th trituration, every six hours. Petroleum. Skin painfully sensitive even to the clothes; itching; humid, sore spots; unhealthy skin. Two drops, 6th dilution, every six hours. Phosphoric Acid.-Red spots or patches, dry or moist; itching, crawling sensation, or burning; smarting; excoria- tion in bends of joints, or between the toes. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every four hours. Pulsatilla.-Impetigo, with muco-purulent discharge in considerable quantities. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every four hours. Ranunculus.-Vesicles burst and form a horny scurf. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every four hours. Rhus.-Burning, itching vesicles, of small size, with red- ness, or vesicles running into one another; burning, itching eruptions about the eyes and eyelids. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every four hours. Sarsaparilla.-Burning itching of the inside the thighs and the abdomen; the exudation very corroding and burn- ing; a crop of small red pimples on forehead, which ooze on SKIN AFFECTIONS, WITH AMENORRHEA. 111 > rubbing them. tions. Suitable for gouty or rheumatic constitu- Two drops, 2nd dilution, every four hours. Sepia. Swelling of the glands and lymphatic vessels of the body, face, and limbs; soreness or itching of the skin; scurfy, humid eczema; excoriation in the bends of the joints. Two grains, 6th trituration, every four hours. Sulphur.-Creeping, prickling, stinging, burning itch- ing; small vesicles with red margins; thick yellow scurf; swelling of glands; pityriasis; excoriations of the skin. Two grains, 6th trituration, every six hours. — - Lichen is an eruption of pimples, with some vascular con- gestion and infiltration, dryness of the skin, and itching. In appearance it is as though an ordinary goose-fleshed con- dition of the skin had turned red, and remained so. A common example of it is afforded in the "red-gum" of young infants, from being wrapped up too warmly. It is induced by exposure to heat and acrid substances, as on the hands of cooks, bakers, grooms, grocers, and washer- women (lichen agrius). It is also produced by the debility consequent on over or too prolonged suckling. For Simple Lichen.-Dulcamara, three drops, 1st dilution, every six hours. For Lichen Agrius.-Muriatic Acid, Sulphur, or Arsenic a dose three times a day. For Strophulus or Red-Gum.-Chamomilla and Sulphur: a dose every four hours. For Lichen from Debility.-China, Arsenic: a dose every six hours. Urticaria, or Nettle-rash, is generally produced by some article of diet: shell-fish, particularly mussels, almonds, strawberries, will produce it. Aconite. When attended by fever, it frequently dis- appears under this remedy alone. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Veratrum Viride.-When the pain and tingling is more 112 SKIN AFFECTIONS, WITH AMENORRHOEA. troublesome than the inflammation, and there is sickness and a faint feeling. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Antimonium Crudum.-When produced by shell-fish, blotches, wheals, and fever. Two grains, 6th dilution, every four hours. Copaiba.-Urticaria has often been caused by taking this medicine. Useful after Aconite or Veratrum Viride, when it occurs after, or in consequence of, an acute sup- pression of the menses from a chill. Two drops, 6th dilution, every four hours. Rhus.-Small vesicular tubercles, resembling bites of insects, particularly on the joints of the hands and feet, with purplish redness and swelling; intense irritation, made con- siderably worse by scratching. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Comocladia.-Violent redness of face, hands, and other parts of the body, followed by yellow vesicles and peeling-off of the skin. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every four hours. Chronic Urticaria is unattended by fever or stomachic derangement; but is apt to come out several times in a day, and is very troublesome at night; exercise, if at all of an unusual nature, even eating a meal, or excitement, may bring it on. In the persistent form the rash may continue for weeks, and even months, separate wheals being produced in succession. It is almost invariably connected with uterine disturbance. Comocladia produces occasional burning eruptions on the skin, of this nature, for years after inoculation with its juice. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every four hours. Cimicifuga.-Sensation of prickling, itching, and heat on the whole surface of the body. Especially useful when urticaria depends on rheumatic irritation of internal organs, or is excited by menstrual derangements. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every four hours. SKIN AFFECTIONS, WITH AMENORRHOEA. 113 Pulsatilla. Eruption on the back, legs, and ankles, of a dark-bluish, red colour, attended through the day with more or less itching; at night the itching is most intolerable. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every three hours. Arsenicum.-With furious burning and itching, there is anxiety about the heart; oppression, restlessness, and trembling. Two grains, 6th trituration, every six hours. Dulcamara.-Violent itching all over the body, with elevated red spots or blotches. Suitable to torpid, scrofulous, psoric, weakened constitutions, and those of restless, irritable disposition. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Lycopodium.-Large bright-red spots, with itching and burning on pit of stomach, and other parts of the body; great liability to take cold; chronic dyspepsia. Suitable to a soft mild disposition; lymphatic temperament; to such as are prone to take cold in the head; chronic suppression, with uncomfortableness and chilliness; or menses too early and too profuse. Two grains, 6th trituration, every six hours. Sepia.-Violent burning, itching eruption, with scanty menstruation; toothache; nausea; milky leucorrhoea; bleed- ing at the nose. Two grains, 6th trituration, every four hours. Sulphur.-Irregular, circumscribed spots, appearing prin- cipally on the extremities; they itch and burn. Two grains, 6th trituration, every six hours. Acne, in its simple form, is an affection of puberty and youth; the sebaceous follicles of the forehead, side of the nose, cheek, and neck, become obstructed; a number of ugly, black spots show themselves, interspersed with which are pimples and pustules, red spots and pimples filled with matter. These crops show themselves between the shoulders, down the back, and between the breasts; but are most troublesome and annoying on the face. The skin is 114 SKIN AFFECTIONS, WITH AMENORRHEA. in an unhealthy, languid condition, generally sympathising with that of the constitution; so that great attention must be paid to fresh air, exercise, and diet. Spirituous wines and coffee must be refrained from. Good cow's or goat's milk, used as a drink and article of diet, with light food, fresh vegetables, and ripe fruit. Borax. Internally and externally, if connected with sup- pressed menstruation; free external use. One drachm to an ounce of elder-flower water, applied with a soft piece of linen, and allowed to dry on. Two grains, 3rd trituration, every six hours. Graphites.-Chronic dryness of the skin; pustules on face and chest; small, red, itching pimples; the tips are filled with pus, which burst and speedily disappear; un- healthy skin, with tendency to gather or suppurate. Two grains, 6th trituration, every six hours. Nux Vomica.-Skin sensitive, sore, and smarting; con- stipation; dyspepsia; restless nights. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Nitric Acid.-Yellow colour of the skin, and dryness; acid or fetid perspiration; black pores or grubs; leu- corrhoea. Two drops, 6th dilution, every six hours. Whenever matter forms in a pustule, it should be quickly let out; friction of the skin of the whole body must be used as much as it can be borne. Besides Borax, infusion of bran and oatmeal, emulsion of bitter almonds and milk, are suit- able washes. Acne Indurata, in which red suppurating pimples, some of tolerable size, and a permanent redness of the face and nose, with hard, red elevations, are connected with chronic affections of the stomach, bowels, and liver, with piles: in some with a tendency to piles, or painful and scanty menstruation, or with catamenial excess, or leucorrhoea, is a very common and troublesome affection, from its resemblance to the Acne Rosaceæ, or carbuncled face, of spirit-drinkers; this AMENORRHOEA-VICARIOUS MENSTRUATION. 115 kind, however, is sometimes hereditary. Acne Indurata, under ordinary treatment, is a most obstinate, unpromising affec- tion. I have met with cases of years' standing, that have tried everything that the "old system" could offer in vain, amenable to Homoeopathic medicines. Rhus. Red spots, the size of lentils, with vesicles in the centre; red, shining swellings, with soreness: they are tender to the touch. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every four hours. Hepar.-Pimples the size of a pea in different parts of the body; the slightest scratch or injury inclines to ulceration or gathering; styes on the eyelids. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every four hours. Mercurius. Small, itching pimples, that ulcerate, dry up, and desquamate; swollen spots, on which a flat, grey scurf forms. K Two grains, 6th trituration, every six hours. Sepia. Sickly complexion, with dim, red eyes; itching pimples; herpetic, brownish spots on the body; chilliness; sadness; scanty menstruation; leucorrhoea. Two grains, 6th trituration, every six hours. Sulphur. Creeping sensation; prickling or stinging in the skin, or burning itching; herpetic spots on chest and back; small suppurating abscesses. Two grains, 6th trituration, every six hours. An external application, by way of lotion, of Rhus, ; or Mercurius, 6th dilution; a teaspoonful to half a pint of water; a little applied night and morning: or an ointment or glycerole, of the 2 trituration, a drachm to an ounce of spermaceti ointment; or a glycerole can be obtained of any Homœopathic chemist. All cold, raw, and indigestible vegetables, such as cucum- bers and melons, nuts of all kinds, raw apples and pears, all very cold drinks and ices, and, contrarily, all highly-seasoned and spirituous stimulants, must be avoided. 116 AMENORRHOEA-VICARIOUS MENSTRUATION. VICARIOUS MENSTRUATION. A suppression or non-appearance of menstruation is occa- sionally attended by bleeding at the nose, spitting or vomit- ing of blood; very rarely by oozing of blood from various portions of the body. One of the varieties of menstrual erythema is sometimes distinguished in connection with this affection. A sudden flush, with a little swelling generally on the face, succeeded by a bloody exudation, which flows. and stops. When it stops the skin looks scorched. Arsenic.-Blotches, filled with blood, which are exces- sively painful; parchment-like skin. Two grains, 6th trituration, every twelve hours. For Bleeding at the Nose- Bryonia.-Congestion of blood to the head; face feels hot; bleeding at the nose every day, early in the morning. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Hamamelis.-Bleeding from the nose, with sense of tightness over the bridge. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Mitchella.-Rush of blood to the face; feeling of ful- ness in the forehead; the nose feels as if it would bleed. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Calcarea. Sad, desponding, or irritable; giddiness when walking; lost or ravenous appetite; distended bowels; white, clay-like evacuations, or diarrhoea; headache; oppres- sion at the chest; pain in the small of the back; bleeding at the nose; leucorrhoea. Two grains, 3rd trituration, every six hours. Aloes.-Vomiting or spitting of blood, or bleeding at the nose, with fulness and weight of all the abdominal organs; piles. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every four hours. Collinsonia.-The substitutionary bleeding is from piles; FREQUENT AND IRREGULAR MENSTRUATION. 117 nausea; prostration; great desire to sleep; dyspepsia, from debility; constipation. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Arnica. Frequent bleeding at the nose; faintness; weariness; tired aching of the limbs. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Several, at least, of the medicines for amenorrhoea will deserve careful consideration, should these not exactly apply. Menstruation may be said to be irregular when the time of its return is less than a month, as every fortnight or three weeks, when it appears sometimes at the end of a fortnight, sometimes after an interval of three weeks, or five weeks, so that the patient is never certain when to expect it. Under the term Irregular Menstruation, it will thus be seen we in- clude that variety called Frequent Menstruation. Irregula- rity, both as to time and quantity, is frequently met with in the young, in whom it may be considered as one of the not uncommon accompaniments of the due establishment of men- struation. If there is no distress, discomfort, or pain, no marked constitutional symptoms requiring treatment, special care at the time the period is really due, as to diet, exercise, excitement, exposure, and dress, will be all that will be demanded. Should there at this time be some slight effort, a hot mustard-and-water foot-bath or two at bed-time, or a tepid sitz bath for three or four days, at four in the afternoon, may be all that may be required. If the effort should be more decided, but still without result- Ma Pulsatilla. Pale face; chilliness; weeping mood; in- difference; loss of breath after exertion; nausea; trembling; pressive weight in bowels; bearing-down leucorrhoea; ten- dency to diarrhoea; sour vomiting. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every three hours. Senecio. Great debility; inability to sleep; nervous irritability; variable spirits; yawning; lassitude; some- times faintings; wandering pains in the back, and consider- able effort, as though the period would come on. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. - 118 IRREGULAR MENSTRUATION. Caulophyllum.-Dull, frontal headache; tremulous weakness; great restlessness; nervousness; tendency to diarrhoea or constipation; fulness, heaviness, and tight- ness in lower part of the bowels, or very severe pains; fulness in the stomach; troublesome flatulence, or intense, unnatural hunger; hysteria; cramps; spasms; drawing-in the sides of the abdomen; frequent desire to pass water; profuse dis- charge of mucus from the bowels, or the period may make a slight "show." Dark spots, of irregular shape, showing themselves on the face, are often relieved by this remedy more quickly than by any other. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every three hours. Cimicifuga. Intense or constant and oppressive pain in the head; pains in the eyes; pains in the limbs; spinal irritation; faintness; gone feeling at the stomach; alternate constipation or diarrhoea; nervous distress and uneasiness, and a constant pain in left ovarian region. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every three hours. A patient may require the commencement or continuance of treatment, with a view to combat constitutional weakness, assuming some special form, when the case should be re- garded as one of delayed or suppressed menstruation, under which sections full directions are given. The period may take place every three weeks, instead of every four, without occasioning any discomfort or incon- venience. It is very often an hereditary peculiarity, which, when it does not produce any noticeable symptoms, or tell upon the constitution, calls for no interference. If, coming every three weeks, or every fortnight, it is pro- fuse, and causes headache and debility, and other complaints, try- Belladonna.-Flushed face; throbbing headache; weight in the forehead; heaviness in the bowels, with pressure. One drop, 3rd dilution, every three hours. * Calcarea.-Giddiness; shortness of breath; tightness at the chest; cold and damp feet; swelling at the pit of the stomach; faintness; liability to take cold, and sensitiveness IRREGULAR MENSTRUATION. 119 to cold air; copious leucorrhoea; burning in palms of hands; dry cough, and tightness at the chest. Two grains, 6th trituration, every six hours. — China. Diarrhoea painless, with great prostration; yellow complexion; apathy; nervous irritability; yearning for dain- ties; unnaturally eager appetite, or total loss of it; dimness of sight. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Ferrum.—Earthy taste, with a feeling of fulness, though what is eaten is relished; dulness and confusion in the head; humming in the ears; pale, puffy face and lips, or else burning red, with giddiness when sitting; diarrhoea is not an unfrequent symptom. Two grains, 3rd trituration, every six hours. Helonias. Complete loss of appetite; emaciation; morn- ing headache; pale, chlorotic face and skin; intolerant of the least contradiction; sympathetic gastric disturbance. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. In the intervals, combined with the medicine, a gently tonic hydropathic treatment; morning sponging, or a slightly tepid dripping sheet; a tepid sitz bath every forenoon or afternoon; regular daily out-door exercise; regular hours; nutritious, but very plain diet; the avoidance of excitement of all kinds, late hours, and crowded assemblies. Scanty and Painful Menstruation.—Another irregularity, which may manifest itself, is a decided deficiency in quantity. The question of scantiness, as that of irregularity, is com- parative, and pretty much an individual one; the total quan- tity of loss may vary from four to eight ounces every time; some may be considerably less, being only just a show. Two questions need to be determined-Does the quantity passed appear sufficiently to relieve the system, or are there signs of congestion, fulness, and effort? Is what is passed attended, before and at the time, with any amount of distress and pain? If there is a want of this relief, and if there is pain, treatment is required. The congestion and K 120 SCANTY AND PAINFUL MENSTRUATION. discomfort in this case must be treated as a case of suppres- sion of the menses, in accordance with prominent symptoms; the pain just before, and at the time, as a case of painful menstruation, or dysmenorrhoea. Painful menstruation is very common; and the pains are often intense, like labour pains so severe the first day especially, as to oblige the patient to keep her bed. "The time” is looked forward to with considerable dread, as it quite unfits for usual duties. All this suffering and inconvenience is far too frequently acquiesced in, borne as best it may, with what small relief some household palliative may afford. The menses should never be ushered in or accompanied by any- thing beyond a slight uneasiness: if they are, there is some- thing wrong, which has little tendency to right itself; which may, if not checked, grow into something worse, and become a settled matter. A sedentary occupation almost invariably produces painful menstruation, from its effect on the health, from the sluggish- ness which it engenders, and the inevitably deficient oxygen- isation of the blood, and the congestion of ovaries and uterus. Painful menstruation may result from a general debility. It is not uncommon in the nervous, the hysterical, and in scrofulous and consumptive constitutions, in whom men- struation, like everything else, is performed with difficulty and suffering; one or both ovaries may be in a state of congestion or chronic inflammation; the womb may be in a like condition, or it may be the seat of rheumatic pains or acute neuralgia; it may be the subject of spasm, which closes the outlet, or nearly so. In more rare cases the outlet may be closed by some accumulation or coagulation; and some have affected to observe a permanent stricture of the canal and outlet. Personally, I should be disposed to attach very little importance to this last cause, unless as the result of direct injury, as by caustics or violence. A stric- ture, supposing it to exist, if it were of too severe a kind to be overcome by medicines, would be complete enough to cause rather a suspension than painful menstruation. The only case in which the cutting through the neck of the womb is justifiable, is where a stricture, the result PAINFUL MENSTRUATION. 121 of violence, has caused painful menstruation, unrelievable by medicine. This operation has relieved painful menstruation: it has to be proved that it has relieved it either more quickly or · more effectually than Homoeopathic remedies could do and have done. Extremely painful cases of menstruation are almost invariably scanty in the flow. Where the distress is asso- ciated with a tolerably free flow, this distress is more moderate, lasts a shorter time, and is relieved as soon as the menses make their appearance. We proceed to notice the varieties of painful menstruation. Temperament will be found to account, in some measure, for the differences observable. The Congestive or Inflammatory.-Those of sanguine temperament and full habit, among the unmarried and the married, and those who have borne children, are subject to this variety. Young girls of this constitution are particu- larly liable to congestive and inflammatory attacks of the womb and ovaries. - There is first restlessness, feverishness, shiverings, and flushing quick pulse; in fact, just a description of Aconite symptoms which, in most cases, that medicine will promptly relieve, if given (two drops 3rd dilution) every half-hour or hour, according to the severity of the case. If those symp- toms do not pass off, they are succeeded by a condition to which Belladonna is applicable: pain in small of back; aching of the limbs; weariness; flushed face; throbbing headache; hot skin; pulse quick; intense bearing-down pain; and, occasionally, delirium. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every two hours. The symptoms usually mitigate on the appearance of the menses, which are generally rather abundant than otherwise; and the pain gradually subsides, but not invariably. During the intervals the patient's health is but little affected beyond a slight headache and a pain in the side. Uterine leucorrhoea is generally abundant. Severe attacks of painful menstruation in married ladies, as a general rule, preclude the possibility of a family; but not slighter ones: K 2 122 PAINFUL MENSTRUATION-THE RHEUMATIC. in many cases this should afford a strong reason for relief being sought. Exudation of Membrane.-Shreds of membrane, and sometimes complete casts of the interior of the womb, are passed in connection with both this and the neuralgic variety. These shreds of dead membrane are the result of a low, peculiar kind of inflammation, and appear to be exu- dation as after abortion or confinement; or dead pieces of the mucous lining of the womb, leaving bare patches where they have been thrown off. The pain is most intense, and the general state one of great debility. Conception is all but impossible; but whilst impossible in persons subject to this phase of painful menstruation, is often suspected; a time or two may be passed over, followed, after considerable pain, by what has the appearance of a bag of membranes, which it really is; but it contains nothing, and is only an entire cast of the hollow of the uterus. Consider- able care and judgment needs to be exercised in determining the exact state of the case, as a mistake may be very dis- appointing in some instances, and equally awkward in others. Con Rheumatic Variety.-The muscular tissue of the uterus is frequently subject to pains of a gouty or rheumatic nature, which associate themselves with the discharge of this peri- odical function, and manifest themselves intensely at the time of its recurrence. The loaded condition of the urine, and the presence of the peculiar gouty sediment (lithates), prove sufficiently the nature of the affection; "wandering rheumatic pains in the limbs, and sciatic pains; very seldom inflammation and swelling of the joints." The suffering from this cause sometimes outlasts the time of life during which menstruation takes place, though cessation of the period greatly lessens the pain. What is designated Irritable Uterus, is but a subdivision of this affection. Neuralgic dysmenorrhoea is more common after or about thirty than in the young, though it may occur at any age; it is more frequently met with in the unmarried, or the married who are childless. It presents itself also in young women who do not begin to menstruate until a year or two PAINFUL MENSTRUATION-NEURALGIC. 123 after the average age. Patients subject to it are of a ner- vous temperament, thin and delicate. It has all the cha- racteristics of neuralgic pain, the chief seat of which appears to be the ovaries. The pain is deep-seated in the abdomen, in the back; it begins almost as low as it possibly can; extends to the lower part of the bowels, and down the thighs. The suffering varies in amount, and somewhat in character; it is often very great and unceasing; at other times it stays for a time, to return with redoubled violence. The bearing down is extreme, and aggravated by violent retching; the bowels are irregular. These symptoms are very little affected by the appearance of the menses, which are slow and scanty; or they come in slight gushes, are pale, and mixed with small clots. In married ladies who suffer in this way, if they become pregnant, they experience more than ordinary discomfort; and if they bear children, their confinements are lingering, and attended with excruciating pains. Cold chills, sudden shocks, and mental emotions, acting on a predisposed temperament, are the exciting causes. It is the most obstinate and troublesome variety to relieve or cure. In the interval there is a good deal of headache; pain in the back, increased by standing or walking; and considerable disorder of the digestive func- tions. Mechanical Dysmenorrhea.-The causes of this having been only just mentioned, need not be repeated here: dis- placement of the womb may be added to them. Allopathic authorities bear out what has frequently been advanced as to permanent stricture of the canal of the uterus: it has been dilated to the ordinary calibre; still painful menstruation, which existed before the dilatation, continued in unabated force after.* If surgical interference be required, it can be given in the form of careful and gradual dilatation; but inasmuch as the narrowing of the canal is most frequently the result of inflammation or spasmodic closure, it is com- pletely under the control of Homoeopathic remedies. Anodynes are chiefly recommended, allopathically, for the relief of the neuralgic and rheumatic forms; whilst, for the * Churchill and West. 124 PAINFUL MENSTRUATION-TREATMENT. purely inflammatory or congestive, we have advised general bleeding for some cases, and, for almost all, cupping over the loins, leeches internally to the mouth of the womb, or free scarification with the lancet, or leeches to the inside of the thighs. The most appropriate Homœopathic remedies for the several varieties of painful menstruation, arranged ac- cording to their prominent symptoms, are- Aconite.-General feverishness and restlessness; thirst; full pulse; a purely inflammatory attack, with acute pains. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every hour. Belladonna. For the congestive stage; throbbing head- ache; intolerance of light and noise; flushed face; bearing- down pains. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Alumina. Restless, dreamy sleep; on waking, palpita- tion; heat in the face, and headache; stitches in left side of pudenda, sometimes reaching to the chest; abdomen dis- tended; pinching pains in bowels; corrosive urine, obliged to be frequently passed night and day; low spirits; exhaus- tion on slight exertion; constipation; toothache; an attempt to relieve the bowels brings on severe pains; abundant leu- corrhoea; when menses appear they are too pale and too scanty. Two grains, 6th trituration, every six hours. Ammonia Carb.-Irritation and burning soreness of the pudenda, especially during the passing of urine; pains in the bowels and small of back; paleness of the face; unconquer- able sadness and toothache; pressing, stretched feeling between the shoulder-blades; tearing pains and griping in abdomen; violent pains in the small of the back; great chilliness; yawning; debility; soreness of the whole body, especially of the thighs; the menses are either blackish when they appear, often in clots, or they are not much coloured, but acrid, causing burning pain and soreness of the thighs. Two grains, 3rd trituration, every three hours. Arsenic.-Dartings, as from a lance, from rectum and PAINFUL MENSTRUATION-TREATMENT. 125 anus to pudendum; pains in the back and side of the abdo- men, so violent as to compel patient to bend double; moan- ing; weeping; loud eructations; acrid corroding; thick, yellowish leucorrhoea; menses are followed by blood-stained mucus; chilliness, cold perspiration, and great debility. Two grains, 6th trituration, every four hours. - Apis.-Inflammation or congestion of ovaries; tenderness over that region, with deep-seated pain, weight, and hoarse- ness; irritation of the neck of the bladder; constant desire to pass water a few drops only passed. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every two hours. Asclepias Syriaca.-Labour-like, intermitting pains, accompanied by profuse pale urination, headache, giddi- ness, and nausea. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every three hours. Baryta.-Toothache; swelling of the gums; colic; swell- ing of the limbs; troublesome weight in abdomen; the same whatever position is assumed; leucorrhoea; throbbing pains in the temples; ringing in the ears; weakness; fainting. Suitable for scrofulous and hysterical patients. Piles are often added to the other troubles. When menses appear they are scanty. Specially adapted as a constitutional remedy between the periods. Two grains, 6th trituration, every six hours. Borax.-Stitching pains in the chest, with heaviness and arrest of breathing; violent buzzing in the ears, and giddi- ness; congestion both to the head and chest; pain from stomach to small of the back, and acute stabbing pains in groins; acrid leucorrhoea. Suitable for lax, sensitive, and peevish temperaments, especially if liable to spots on the face, or to take cold in damp weather. Two grains, 3rd trituration, every three hours. Bromine.-Violent spasms, drawing patient double, and lasting a long time, leaving bowels sore; emission of great quantities of flatus. Adapted to those of consumptive ten- * 126 PAINFUL MENSTRUATION-TREATMENT. dency, and cases where shreds of mucus are passed. General feeling of weakness, want of appetite, and headache. Two drops, 6th dilution, every three hours. Bryonia.-Distended abdomen, with pinching and uneasi- ness; tearing pains in the limbs; sensation of swelling at the pit of the stomach; burning pain there, with nausea after any movement, which goes on to paroxysms of anguish ; chilliness; spasmodic pains, like labour pains; congestion of blood to head, face, and chest; constipation. Especially if these sufferings should be occasioned by taking cold in dry, cold weather, with sharp wind. Suitable for the membranous form, as well as the rheumatic variety. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Calcarea. For the leuco-phlegmatic; very sensitive to cold evening air, and very liable to take cold; giddiness, and fulness at the chest on going upstairs, specially; cold, damp feet; swelling at the pit of the stomach; fainting, weariness, and exhaustion; loss of flesh; weakness at the chest when talking; or dry, fatiguing cough, with burning in palms of hands and soles of feet, in the afternoon and evening; copious leucorrhoea; involuntary emissions of urine when walking or taking exercise; variety of pains during the menses, and bad toothache after. Adapted as an inter- current remedy, with the above-mentioned constitution and symptoms, and for the membranous form of painful men- struation. Two grains, 6th trituration, every six hours. Causticum.-Colic, and feeling as though torn, with pains in the back, as from a bruise; worse during motion; wandering, shifting pains in the abdomen, and stabbing pains under the breasts; discharge of large clots of blood; yellow complexion, dizziness, and melancholy. For patients who have been weakened by long grief, application, or watching. Two drops, 6th dilution, every six hours. Chamomilla.-Repeated attacks of tremulous anguish, PAINFUL MENSTRUATION-TREATMENT. 127 with palpitation, or desire for relief of the bowels; or exces- sive restlessness; anxious, agonising tossing about, with tearing pains in abdomen; patient is almost beside herself; she cries and howls; pale, sunken countenance; features dis- turbed by pain (violent neuralgic attack); or when, after a cold or fit of anger, there is swelling and pressure at the pit of the stomach, with labour-like pains and forcing, as though menses would come on, either followed by no discharge at all, or black lumps, with tearing pains in the veins of the legs; fre- quent desire to pass water; one cheek red and the other cold and pale, or frequent changes of colour in the face; yellow, corrosive leucorrhoea. Three drops, 2nd dilution, every half-hour. China. Congestion of blood to the uterus: fulness; pressing towards genital organs, with pain, particularly when walking; spasms in chest and bowels; bloated face; pro- truded eyes; humming in the ears; dimness of sight, with watering of the eyes; headache; fainting; spasm of the womb; colic, and desire to be continually passing water. Suitable specially for those whose weakness has been brought on by excessive loss of blood. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every three hours. * Cimicifuga. Undue excitability of the nervous system; giddiness; dulness of the head; anxiety; restlessness; often considerable derangement of the stomach, with nausea and unsuccessful efforts to vomit; pains in the eyeballs; hysteria; rheumatic variety, with pains in the limbs; heavi- ness, weight, and bearing down; cold chills, and prickling sensation in the breasts; pain in the left side of abdomen, troublesome and constant. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every two hours. Cicuta. A sore pain in the right side of the abdomen, as after a violent shock, with a drawing feeling, and pulsation. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Cocculus.-Pressure, as of a stone on the chest, and diffi- culty of breathing, with spasms and moaning, throbbing 128 PAINFUL MENSTRUATION-TREATMENT. pain on the top of the head, or in the forehead; colic; nausea, with fainting; waterbrash; small pulse; leucorrhoea; spasm of the womb, and feeling as of a sharp stone cutting in abdomen every time she moves; discharge fitful, scanty, and irregular; paralysing pain in the back, and weakness in the lower extremities. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Coffea. Excessively painful colic, driving almost to desperation; continuous pinching pains in sides of abdomen; coldness and stiffness, with profuse flow. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Colchicum.-Pain, of a tearing nature, increased by heat, worse at night; fever; heat; dryness of skin; sup- pression of urine, or considerable difficulty in passing it; is thick, with sediment. Very suitable for such as have been weakened by night-watching, or mental exhaustion, or by a course of mercurials, or for those of gouty families. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every three hours. Colocynth.-Colic; cutting, tearing pains; stitches in the ovaries, on either or both sides; swelling of the genitals; dragging pain, and heat in the vagina; menses sooner than usual, tolerably abundant. Adapted for those of wrathful constitutions, whose sufferings have been caused by vexa- tion; to those subject to piles; to those who sit much; who have crampy pains at "period," causing them to draw their legs up, with restlessness, moaning and lamenting; pains worse after eating or drinking. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Collinsonia.-Constipation, indigestion, piles, or loss of appetite; constant diarrhoea; some pain in region of womb; bearing-down, sometimes violent, spasms, or even frequent convulsions, from intensity of the pains, followed by severe headache. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every three hours. Conium.-Shooting pains in the left side of the chest ; pain in breasts, which often swell, and become hard; the PAINFUL MENSTRUATION-TREATMENT. 129 pains oblige the patient to draw her legs up; spasms in the abdomen on attempting to pass water; it suddenly stops, and then flows again; smarting, burning leucorrhoea, or a feeble"show" dry heat in the body; heaviness of the limbs ; anxious dreams at night; giddiness, especially on lying down, or on attempting to turn when lying down; weakness, and lamed feeling in the small of the back, followed by lassitude. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every three hours. Cuprum.-Suppression of the perspiration of the feet by a chill; there is nausea and vomiting; pale face, with livid circles round the eyes; cramps of stomach and bowels; spasm of the chest and palpitation; or redness of face and eyes, with a pressing pain, or strange tingling at the crown of the head; loathing of food; constipation. Two grains, 6th dilution, every four hours. Cypripedium.-Nervous irritability; excitement; fret- fulness and headache; dyspepsia; sleeplessness; watchful- ness and trembling; the neuralgic variety, in those who have suffered great anxiety or grief, or have been weakened by over-mental exertion or application. Noise and contra- diction, even the slightest, greatly add to the distress. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. - Digitalis. Dyspeptic or heart symptoms; disordered appetite, with diarrhoea; complete suppression, especially from fright, with cough; loss of flesh; skin dry and wrinkled night-sweats; hectic fever; throbbing in the chest, especially on the right side, with stitches; feeling of great weakness, especially in the knees; intermittent pulse. The legs swell; they are ofen painful and erysipelatous. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. ❤ Dulcamara.-After exposure to damp, or after walking in damp grass; or those who live in damp houses, or damp rooms, or have to be much in such places as kitchens, cellars, or dairies; pain in the small of the back, as after long stooping; cutting pains in the chest; stiffness of the 130 PAINFUL MENSTRUATION-TREATMENT. muscles of the legs and arms, with pain as from a blow; sometimes nettle-rash; sleepiness and yawning in the day; sleepless at night; pains in various parts of the body, as if brought on by a cold; painful swollen glands under the jaws and in the neck; breast enlarged and hard; leu- corrhoea; painful, swollen abdomen. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every three hours. Ferrum.-Discharge of small quantities of blood; violent colic; dragging pain in the small of the back and abdomen; throbbing headache and palpitation. Most adapted to patients suffering from chlorosis. Two grains, 2nd trituration, every four hours. Gelseminum.-Every menstrual period is preceded by a terrible sick headache; there is profuse vomiting and bear- ing-down pains. Patient may be, in the intervals, occasion- ally in damp weather, subject to a sore throat, with pain on swallowing, which shoots up into the ear, and deafness. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Graphites.-Violent aching in abdomen, and painful bearing-down, with feeling of heat, itching, and smarting; backache; eructations, nausea, and pain in the pit of the stomach; headache, with vanishing of sight; toothache; menses delayed, suppressed, or scanty; morning sickness; weakness; stumbling; hoarseness or cold in the head; swelling of the face and feet; numbness of left hand and lips; chilliness and colic, followed by diarrhoea. Two grains, 6th trituration, every three hours. Hamamelis.-When the menses ought to appear there are severe pains through from the loins to the bottom of the bowels, and down the thighs; fulness of the bowels and of the brain; severe pain through the whole head, ending in stupor and deep sleep. There may be piles, with constipa- tion, or the veins on one or both legs full and painful; ovarian distress. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every three hours. Hedeoma.-Nervous weakness; nausea; retching and PAINFUL MENSTRUATION-TREATMENT. 131 straining, bearing down; outward pressure in genitals; weakness of the limbs, so that she can scarcely stand; great pain at the very bottom of the back, and at the back of the head; shortness of breath, almost like asthma; every move- ment, even of the chest or lower limbs, brings pain on in abdomen; obstinate constipation, with croaking and rum- bling in the bowels; sensation of something rising in the throat. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Helonias. Pain in lower part of the back, through the womb, of a piercing, drawing nature; breasts swollen; the nipples are so tender they cannot bear the pressure of an ordinary dress; distress in the ovarian region, with bearing down and leucorrhoea; complexion sallow and unhealthy, of an earthy pale colour. Suitable for the lax, passive tem- perament, and the bloodless. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Hyoscyamus.-Trembling of the hands and feet, as from excitement; fainting fits; restlessness; profuse perspiration; nausea, and inability to retain the water; swelling of the veins; dulness of the senses; obscuration of the sight. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Hypericum. The abdomen feels as though encircled by a tight bandage; tearing pain in genitals, with desire to pass water; feeling of weakness, with trembling in the limbs; great weakness; palpitation; pressure in the small of the back; leucorrhoea or weight; stitches and flying pains in the chest; constipation; rush of blood to the head; distress and throbbing at the top of it; puffiness of the body; yellowish and cachectic look, and small pulse. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Ignatia. Much sobbing and sighing; weak, empty feel- ing at pit of stomach; menses profuse and too early, or, if scanty, with clots of black blood having a putrid smell; fainting; palpitation; headache; hysteria, colic, and spasms; pains in uterus, spasmodic and labour-like; better from 132 PAINFUL MENSTRUATION-TREATMENT. pressure and lying down; neuralgic pain in rectum, or lower bowel. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every three hours. Ipecacuanha.-Pressure towards uterus, with sickness, nausea, dizziness, headache; patient feels cold, and looks. pale; the pain begins at the navel, extending towards the womb, with sharp, continued, cutting sensation, and bearing- down of the lower bowel. If these symptoms manifest them- selves, after" suppression," towards the end of a period, this medicine is particularly applicable. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Kreosote. Menses from four to ten days; early, profuse, and dark, with pain in the small of the back, preceded by dulness of hearing; pain at navel; nervousness, with hum- ming in the ears; flatulence, like rotten eggs; constipation ; spasms in abdomen and groin after menses, and bearing- down pain, as though the menses would reappear; leucor- rhœa, white or yellowish, tingeing the linen yellowish; weak- ness in the lower extremities, or pain in the back; flushes of heat in the face. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Lachesis. Pain in genitals, as if swollen; they have to be relieved of all pressure; heartburn; oppression at the chest, with anxiety; giddiness and headache; eructations, with constant desire to vomit; discharge of a few drops of blood from the nose; spasmodic contraction of uterus, pass- ing afterwards to right side of abdomen and chest; violent pain in small of back, and bruised feeling in the hips; the pain in the lower part of the bowels is as if a knife were being thrust through; menses scanty, membranous, or de- laying, or sometimes a show, and then again a cessation; constipation; leucorrhoea; pain in the bowels as if bruised and weary. Two drops, 30th dilution, every three hours. Lycopodium.-Melancholy; swelling of the feet; pains in the back and loins; rumbling and croaking in bowels, 7 PAINFUL MENSTRUATION-TREATMENT. 133 especially on the left side; colic; menses profuse or sup- pressed, through fright; sour taste in mouth; sour risings; appetite variable; dryness of vagina, and emission of flatus from; yellowish-grey, sunken face. Two grains, 6th trituration, every four hours. Magnesia Carb.-Spasms of the abdomen, with sour, fetid, or greasy perspiration; fainting fits; toothache; frothy diarrhoea; increased, pale, and frequent urine; sore throat. Two grains, 3rd trituration, every three hours. Magnesia Mur.-Hysteria; nervousness; sleeplessness; nausea; constipation; livid complexion; painful ‍hardness of abdomen, with distension; sweaty feet; spasms of the uterus, with leucorrhoea. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Mercurius. Anxiety; red tongue, with dark spots; salt or coppery taste in mouth; scorbutic, swollen, easily- bleeding gums; abundance of saliva runs from the mouth, especially on the pillow at night; fetid breath; rush of blood to the head; dry heat of body; chilliness, or peculiar-smell- ing perspiration; pain in the breasts, which are swollen, hard, and sore; swelling of the hands, feet, and face; leu- corrhoea; inflammation and swelling, with bearing-down of vagina. - Two grains, 6th trituration, every three hours. Mitchella.-Irritability of womb, lower bowel, and bladder; constant inclination for relief of the bowels and to pass water, which is high-coloured, and a whitish sedi- ment; the back is very weak; all the muscles of the body feel sore. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Natrum Muriaticum.-Headache, with anxiety and melancholy before menses, and during fainting; anxiety; toothache, increased by cold air; thirst; loss of sleep; constipation; burning; cutting in upper part of bowels; qualmishness; sweet rising from stomach; spitting of blood 134 PAINFUL MENSTRUATION-TREATMENT. mixed with the saliva; menses delayed or scanty; pains. worse in morning; fissure and soreness of the anus; heart- burn; acidity; face yellowish and shining, as from grease. Three drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Nux Moschata.-Enormous distension of bowels after meals; uneasiness and irritation; constant urging, with scanty emission of urine; leucorrhoea; hysteria; disposition to sleep and faint away; intolerable dryness of mouth and throat, particularly when asleep; menses late or early, pre- ceded by pain in small of back; headache; languor; water- brash; pain in the liver; there may be painful distension of uterus. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every three hours. Nux Vomica.-Chilliness; fainting; spasms in bowels; yellow leucorrhoea, and fetid; internal swelling of genitals, with inflammation; itching with burning; spasms of uterus, followed by a discharge of lumps; pressure and heaviness of the womb; menses early and scanty; constipation; sour taste; distension of stomach and bowels; headache; some- times piles; irritability. Suitable for those who live luxuriant or sedentary lives, and are subject to constipation, piles, faintings, headache, and neuralgia; irritation of lower part of spine; pain in the eyes, as though they would be pressed out of their sockets. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Phosphorus. Swelling of gums; swollen cheeks; tooth- ache; chilliness; particularly cold hands and feet; prick- ling, itching of the whole body; violent pain in the back; dulness of the head; palpitation; pinching pain across the stomach; very sick in an evening; constant yawning; watery urine. Suitable for waxy skin, tall, slender women, with tendency to consumption; spitting or vomiting of blood; relief of bowels small and difficult; great sense of weakness in abdomen; feet cold, and seem sometimes as though they had lost their use; menses early and scanty, or delayed; profuse, with pain in the back and abdomen, and stitches; breasts painful, with small, hard lumps. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. add PAINFUL MENSTRUATION-TREATMENT. 135 Platina.-Bearing down; headache; restlessness; exces- sive tingling, and sharp, short, cutting pains in uterus; melancholy; anguish about the heart; trembling of the hands and feet; small, feeble pulse; flushed face, with debility; painful pressing, with desire for relief of the bowels; pain in small of back; constipation or menses, partly fluid and part dark; large clots or lumps. Two grains, 6th trituration, every four hours. Podophyllum.-Bearing-down pains felt in lower part of abdomen and back; pain in one or both ovaries; a numb aching running down the thigh, connected with chronic ovaritis; pains increased by motion, relieved by lying down; infrequent muco-gelatinous stools, with a great deal of flatus; leucorrhoea; retarded or suppressed menses; pains generally worse in the morning, better in the evening. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Phytolacca.-Rheumatism of uterus; breasts irritable and painful, without swelling. Specially applicable where ulceration of the womb is suspected, or is present, or where shreds of membrane are passed; drowsiness in day-time; sleepless and restless at night; rheumatic, catarrhal, or ner- vous headache; nausea; vomiting; great rumbling in the bowels, with great pain and distress all over the abdomen; urgent desire to pass water; rheumatic pains in back and limbs. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. or Pulsatilla. Great chilliness, unrelieved by heat. warm clothing; menstrual colic; violent spasms, with inef- fectual urging to stool; troublesome pressure on genital organs; paleness of face; spasm in the chest, with sense of painful tightness after slight emotions; throbbing headache; fulness at the stomach; passing water is painful; leucor- rhoea. The pains are sometimes so violent that she tosses about in every direction. Menses suppressed, or thick and dark, or pale and watery; patient feels worse in a close, warm room. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every three hours. L 136 PAINFUL MENSTRUATION-TREATMENT. Rhus.-Pressing-down in both groins; violent labour- like pains, as though menses would come on; discharge of mucus from vagina; rheumatic stiffness of limbs; restless nights; has often to turn to find a moment's rest; menstrual discharge scanty; generally, distress sets in before usual time, or the flow is attended with clots, or membranous shreds. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Sabina.-Painful congestions of the uterus, with heat; menstrual colic; menstrual difficulties, with discharge of bright-red blood, or excessive debilitating menses, with ab- dominal spasms, or discharge of coagulated lumps of black blood, with tearing pains in the head and left half of the face; beating toothache; urging to pass water; the passing of it is very painful. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every three hours. Sanguinaria.—Useful in cachectic, scrofulous constitu- tions; abdominal pain the whole night, like the menstrual; then pain on right side of head and forehead, and feeling as if the eyes would be pressed out of the head; pressure to stool, with or without evacuation-sometimes piles; a hoist- ing pain on the left side of the abdomen, above the groin ; worse whilst sitting, standing, or bending towards the right side; increased by pressure; better whilst standing erect; pain sometimes moves towards the hip; frequent and copious urination, clear as water. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every three hours. Secale.-Menstrual colic; tearing and cutting, labour- like pains, with pale face, on which cold perspiration breaks out; flagging pulse; numbness and tingling of extremities; pain in small of back; pressure on bladder; menses are apt to be too frequent, and last too long. For the thin and enfeebled, not for the young and plethoric. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Senecio.-Best to be given in the intermenstrual period, as the pains to which it applies result from irritability, from PAINFUL MENSTRUATION-TREATMENT. 137 want of tone and vigour. There is drowsiness in the day- time; restless and unrefreshing sleep; patient is pale, weak, and nervous; no appetite; coated tongue; constipation ; lassitude; disinclination to move about; wandering pains in back and shoulders; at periods a great deal of pain, of a cutting character, in the groins and bottom part of abdomen and back; menses may not appear, or may be too soon, and too profuse. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Sepia. Menses too scanty and too short; spasmodic or griping pains; heat, weight, and fulness; headache; palpi- tation and flushed face; toothache; gastric derangement, with nausea, and perhaps vomiting; constipation. Suitable for those of delicate constitution, with fine transparent skin, and subject to yellow leucorrhoea, sometimes acrid. Two grains, 6th trituration, every four hours. S Silicea. Constipation before and during menses; burn- ing soreness of genitals; an eruption on inside of thighs; repeated paroxysms of icy coldness; icy cold feet; drowsi- ness; momentary blindness; obscuration of sight; faintness; nausea, relieved by lying down; heartburn; colic; smarting acrid leucorrhoea, or white water from uterus instead of the menses. Two grains, 6th trituration, every four hours. Sulphur.-Cough at night when lying down in bed; pain in decayed teeth; burning in the throat; bleeding at the nose; colic pain in the back; spasm in abdomen; leu- corrhoea; pain in the bowels as if they were tied in knots; patient is obliged to sit down for relief; flushes of heat on top of head; flushed face. Two grains, 6th trituration, every six hours. Veratrum Album.-Intense thirst; nausea; vomiting and diarrhoea, or diarrhoea alone, with great exhaustion; cold perspiration and cramps in legs; headache, with buzzing in the ears, and bleeding at the nose. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. L 2 138 PAINFUL MENSTRUATION-TREATMENT. Veratrum Viride.-Headache, with giddiness; dimness of vision, and heaviness of the head; sharp drawing pain over left eye; skin of forehead feels as if drawn tight; neuralgic pains; drawing, dull pains in bowels; face pale, cold, and sometimes bluish, with cold perspiration; irritability of the stomach; spasmodic vomiting; feeling of weight at the bottom of the bowels; faintness. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Xanthoxylum.-Fluttering in the stomach; colic pain on right side of bowels; fulness and pressure of pit of stomach; griping pains; rumbling and tenderness on pres- sure; profuse, light-coloured urine; sufferings sometimes. violent and excruciating; menses may be suppressed as from getting wet, or be too soon and too profuse; oppression at the chest; irresistible impulse to take a long breath. Suit- able for spare habits; nervous temperaments. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Zinc.-Oppression at the stomach, and fulness; she has to loosen her dress; heaviness of the limbs, with violent pain about the knees as though they would be twisted off; inflammation of the eyes; weeping; anxiety; chilliness; weakness in the hands and feet; sensation as if the genitals were swollen; biting pains and itching; cutting colic, suc- ceeded by leucorrhoea. An intermenstrual remedy. Two grains, 6th trituration, every twelve hours. Painful menstruation being a symptom of disordered health, as an indispensable aid to all treatment, everything must be done calculated to improve its condition, and every- thing avoided that tends to engender and perpetuate its derangement. Daily, but moderate, exercise in the open air; warm, sufficient clothing for the feet, legs, arms, and chest; plain, nutritious, and non-stimulating diet; no coffee, beer, wine, or spirits; no highly-seasoned or rich condiments; early and regular hours, and avoidance of all excitement. Attention must be paid to these matters during the periods as well as at the time; the patient must live by rule if she is to have any expectation of living in comfort. Much be may - PAINFUL MENSTRUATION-TREATMENT. 139 done by hydropathic treatment. The tepid morning spong- ing, which need never be omitted; the dripping sheet be- tween the periods, and the tepid sitz at eleven and four daily (Sunday excepted); the tepid compress worn over the bowels at night; and if there is any tenderness down the spine night and morning, rubbing with the palm of the hand, and a spinal compress put on after, before going to bed. Judicious friction, by a trained female attendant, will often suffice to impart nervous vigour to the constitution, soon mitigate, and, before long, entirely relieve, painful men- struation. For the times of suffering, according to their intensity, sitz baths, at a heat of 96° or 98°, should be had recourse to on the slightest experience of pain, or resorted to twenty four or thirty-six hours before the time; the heat must be kept up, and the patient remain in the bath for from half- an-hour to three-quarters. The bath may be repeated two or three times a day. In the Ladies' Running Sitz Bath, as it is called, it is a very easy matter to keep up the tempera- ture; and another convenience is, that a bath can be taken without the necessity for thoroughly undressing. Hot, fomenting pads are also of great service, to be applied at the time when the pain is most intense. All the ordinary anodynes and sedatives must be studiously avoided: all they can do is to lessen the pain in proportion as they deaden the sensibility of the nerves-at best temporary in their effect, requiring each time an addition to their strength; utterly useless for many; and, when they do their best, only storing- up increased material for future suffering. We include Opium, Morphia, Laudanum, Nepenthe, Chlorodyne, and all, of whatever name and nature, in these remarks. Aconite, Chamomilla, Pulsatilla, Gelseminum, and other remedies mentioned above, will act as quickly and as thoroughly, and almost invariably relieve every time. G Fomentation flannels are thus made:-six pieces of flan- nel, eighteen inches long, and nine broad, should be stitched together, and made in sets of three. When required to be used, a small, thin blanket should 140 PROFUSE MENSTRUATION. be drawn under the patient, quite smoothly, and folded so as to reach from the top of the thighs to the waist, and suffi- ciently long to overlap in front, over the bowels. Wring one of the pads out of water as hot as it can be borne; squeeze all the water you possibly can out of it; place it quickly, but evenly, on the bowels, next the skin; having previously rolled up the night-dress all round, bring one end of the blanket over the pad, then the other tightly enough to exclude the air. If the patient cannot lie still, pass three tapes round the body, over the blanket, so as to keep it in its place-one at the top, one at the bottom, and one in the middle; tie them moderately tight-as tight as the patient can conveniently bear them. Change the pad for a fresh hot one as soon as it begins to cool. These fomentation pads should be used, not only for pain- ful menstruation, but wherever and whenever sudden, severe pain is felt, as one means of relief. They are always safe, except in cases of hæmorrhage or undue discharge. Compresses may be made of two thicknesses of calico, just long enough to go round the body, and to be put next to it; and three thicknesses of flannel, half as long again, to wrap over the calico, dry; or a piece of spongio-piline may be used, fastened on by tapes. We now proceed to notice Excessive or Profuse Men- struation, or, as it is technically called, Menorrhagia. Under this head of "Profuse Menstruation," we propose to include too copious menstruation, as well as those cases in which it returns too frequently, or the flow is too long- continued. Menstruation should set in every twenty-eight days, and should last four or five days; whilst the amount of loss may vary from four to ten ounces during that period, the average being from five to seven or eight. Individual constitution, climate and soil, in the same country, or even county, hereditary tendency, and the habits and employ- ments of life, exert considerable modifying influence, and must all be taken into account in deciding as to whether menstruation is excessive. Any amount that acts as a drain on the constitution, should not be passed over as unim- portant, since, during the intervening period of twenty-eight PROFUSE MENSTRUATION. 141 : - days, the strength of the patient cannot possibly have time, unassisted, to recover itself. Anything approaching a week in its continuance; a recurrence every three weeks, or perhaps every fortnight; a being "scarcely ever free," or almost always so," should invariably be inquired into; or a debility, from which there may be no recovery, may systematically be consummated, or serious local mischief of the womb firmly establish itself. An over-fulness of the blood-vessels of the womb, to which is superadded the ex- citement and determination of blood thither, always, more or less, attending the menstrual effort, readily accounts for excessive menstruation. menstruation. The causes of this over-fulness may be a general excess, with considerable local congestion, as in those of indulgent, over-luxurious habits of life: it may be the congestion of debility, as from over-suckling, too frequent child-bearing, or often miscarriage: it may be from affection of some other organ, as in granular kidney, with albuminous urine; or it may occur as a dangerous complication of measles, small-pox, scarlatina, erysipelas, or inflammation of the lungs. It may also be produced by local injuries, as a blow or fall; by purgative medicines; by. constipation; by intestinal, worms, and the irritation they set up; by lifting heavy weights; or, as everything in some persons seems to tell upon the reproductive organs, as it does with others on the nervous system, a simple change of residence; any great physical effort; mental strain or ex- citement, moral emotion, or exposure to cold. - Amongst the physical efforts, must, now-a-days, be men- tioned the working of the sewing-machine by the foot. I have met with many instances caused by nothing else. With many young people of weakly constitution, with those who are apt to be "too much unwell," working the sewing- machine at all, especially for several hours a day, is utterly out of the question, unless they, and those belonging to them, have made up their minds to sacrifice them to it. Inflammation of the womb is another cause of habitual excessive menstruation; as also are various affections of the ovaries, their displacement, inflammation, or degeneration. Getting up too soon after a confinement or a miscarriage, 142 PROFUSE MENSTRUATION. when the womb is enlarged, and the vessels full and relaxed, and kept so by natural gravitation, is another fruitful source; as are also misplacements of the uterus itself, and various organic diseases-polypus, fibroid tumour, or cancer; an increased flow, at the usual periods, being often amongst the earliest indication of their existence. All the above- mentioned causes need careful consideration, and are quite sufficient to show that increased, or too frequent menstrua- tion, is not a matter to be considered of slight importance. rus. As far as the character of the discharge is concerned, authorities make three divisions. In the first, the discharge is natural in its quality, but the quantity or frequence of its return is considerably increased. This is sometimes called "True Menorrhagia." In the second, there is increased discharge, with blood occasionally; this is called "Hæmor- rhagic Menorrhagia." No change in the body, neck, or mouth of the womb can be detected. In the third, the dis- charge of pure blood is profuse, and large clots are expelled; there is a marked change in the size and position of the ute- This is called Menorrhagia, with change in the Uterus. The first may commence with a sudden gush; may then stop and return-so continuing during the whole of a period. Or it may begin in an unusually excessive quantity, and so go on through the period, which, however, is not much, if at all, prolonged beyond its accustomed duration. Again the quantity may, without at no one time being great, yet be considerable, from the length of its continuance, occasionally for a fortnight or even longer, and returning every three weeks, or almost as soon as it had subsided—a condition generally observable in those who have had large families, or connected with an unnatural condition of the lining mem- brane of the womb, commonly associated with the "whites," or uterine leucorrhoea. It is not infrequent in unmarried females of a plethoric system or sanguine temperament, with much activity of the uterine organs; and very common in the delicate, hysterical, and debilitated. Cold and mental emotion may directly cause this variety; or over-suckling and frequent child-bearing, by the general debility and relaxation of the womb, which they cause. PROFUSE MENSTRUATION. 143 Exhaustion, languor, aching across the loins and hips, pallor of the face, faintness, throbbing in the temples, headache, ringing in the ears, giddiness and palpitation, cannot, if it be at all long-continued, fail to follow. If there be leucorrhoea, or "whites," in addition, all these symptoms will be increased. When the affection goes on unchecked, we find the lips, tongue, and gums pale; the stomach and bowels deranged; pains in the side, particularly the left; repeated and severe headaches;-in short, a com- plete state of anemia, with which we may have puffy swell- ing of the legs and feet; general dropsy; continuous diar- rhoea; convulsions and various nervous symptoms; perhaps epilepsy. In some instances the patient sinks rapidly in consumption. When any known cause for a prolonged or excessive flow exists—as, for instance, the suckling of a child—that, as a first step, must be removed; the child must be weaned. Allopathically, it is advised that, if patient is plethoric, she should be cupped over the loins, or have leeches applied round the outlet of the lower bowel; or it may be necessary to take blood from the arm. During the intervals, a blister may be applied to the lower part of the back, and either kept open or repeated; salines and tonics being administered. The second variety of excessive menstruation is attended by "profuse discharge, with occasional appearance of small clots, and is almost universally met with in married females of leuco-phlegmatic temperament, who have been debilitated by disease or frequent child-bearing." Over-suckling also produces this variety, as well as the first, when it is accom- panied with leucorrhoea. One or two small clots appear at first, then an intermission, then a more copious recurrence. The discharge may, in some instances, be considerable, so as to produce fainting. The effects on the constitution re- semble those produced by the first; but they are more severe and rapid. } - In the third variety we have a still more profuse dis- charge than in either of the others: it occurs later in life, generally after forty, and may be met with in any kind of constitution or temperament. Some irregularity of the 144 PROFUSE MENSTRUATION. menses is first noticed, as to quantity, time, and duration, with "whites," or leucorrhoea, between the periods. Then, on some occasions, about twenty-four hours after the appear- ance of menstruation, large clots are expelled in addition to a considerable increase of the fluid discharge. This may last for seven or ten days; or, in cases of long standing, it may be prolonged until the next period comes round, and then terminate all at once, or by degrees. The exact quantity lost in these cases varies considerably: often it is very great, it goes on by night as well as by day; and though standing or any exertion increases it, lying down does not materially decrease it. The increased loss of blood aggravates all the symptoms invariably attendant on profuse menstruation; there is also a constant sense of weight and bearing down, or dull, heavy pain, and weakness of the loins. The pulse is weak, small, sometimes quick, and the general health impaired; the appetite diminishes; the tongue clean, though pale; bowels constipated; the surface of the body blanched, and the strength much reduced. There is often a consider- able difficulty in passing water; the patient has sometimes to lie down before it can be accomplished. There is general congestion of the womb, increased at the menstrual period, with rupture of some of the small vessels; swelling of the neck of the uterus, sometimes tenderness to the touch; dis- placement, and, very often, a tilting forward of the womb on to the bladder. Bleeding in any form is not advised by Allopathic autho- rities for this variety; but Ergot of Rye and Indian Hemp are chiefly relied on: blisters to the lower part of the back are spoken of by them as of great service. In those cases attended by shreds or casts of membrane, dilating the mouth of the womb, scraping the interior, and injecting Iodine, have been seriously advocated. All such cruel and extreme measures are uncalled for, when, due care being exercised, even extreme cases are amenable to the administration of Homœopathic remedies, and a recur- rence prevented by their persevering use. A list of those most adapted to give relief at the time, and also of those for use during the interval, will be found subjoined. PROFUSE MENSTRUATION-TREATMENT. 145 a Aconite.-Arterial excitement; great irritability; simply increased flow. There is generally a yellowish viscid leucorrhoea during the interval, attended by some fever. Suitable for the plethoric after a severe revulsion or chill. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every two hours. K Agaric. This remedy exerts pretty much the same effect as spirituous liquors; it produces either melancholy or list- lessness, rage or ecstasy, or even loss of consciousness; dul- ness of the head, as after intoxication; stupefaction; giddiness; staggering; crampy pains in the muscles or limbs when sitting or standing; trembling and weariness; drowsi- ness in the day-time; sleepless nights; constant desire to urinate; profuse menstruation, with irritability, itching, and excitement of the genital system. This medicine exerts a specific influence on the spinal cord. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. << - Aletris.-Menses premature and profuse, black and coagulated; pains pressing and distensive, with great heavi- ness. It applies to congested and engorged states of the womb and ovaries, and to atonic conditions of those organs; the discharge is dark-coloured. Useful in cases where there is displacement of the uterus; where there is debility, general or local, from mental labour; depressing emotions; protracted illness, or defective nutrition, with want of tone; irritability and nervous pains in various parts of the body; indigestion and depression of spirits. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every three hours. Aloes.-Discharge hot and dark; abdomen full, hot, distended; periodical headache, alternating with pain in the back; pressure, tension, and heat in the region of the liver; peculiar bilious or putrid-smelling diarrhoea, with straining; bleeding piles; violent colic; obstinate constipation; op- pression of the chest, with anxiety; drawing and burning in the small of the back; congestion of blood to the head, chest, liver, abdomen, uterus, and rectum. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Ambragrisea.-Discharge of blood, sometimes only a 146 PROFUSE MENSTRUATION-TREATMENT. few drops, between the menses, after exercise, such as walk- ing, or after exertion, as a difficult evacuation; swelling and soreness of labia, with violent itchings; distended varicose veins of left leg, with pain; the leg looks blue. Adapted for hysterical patients subject to fainting fits. Two grains, 6th trituration, every six hours. Ammonia Carb.-Menses very copious, especially at night, and when sitting or riding, preceded by griping colic, want of appetite, and pain in the small of the back; great debility; soreness of the whole body, especially of the thighs; chilliness; yawning; toothache; breasts painful to the touch; the discharge is either blackish, often in clots, or not much coloured; constipation, with straining. Suitable where there is laxity of fibre, and a lymphatic constitution ; to those who lead a sedentary life, or who are subject to nervous affections. Two grains, 3rd trituration, every three hours. Ammonia Mur.-Menses too soon, with pain in the abdomen and small of the back; abundant at night, and attended by the discharge of a quantity of blood every time the bowels are relieved. Adapted to scrofulous constitu- tions; indolent both in body and mind, with dusky com- plexion, scanty growth of hair, weakness of the bony struc- ture of the body, thinness of legs and arms. Two grains, 3rd dilution, every three hours. 2 Antimonium Crudum.-Marked gastric derangement; tenderness of stomach on pressure; cramping pains; burn- ing; heartburn; hiccough; flatulence both at the stomach and in the bowels, specially in the robust, phlegmatic, torpid, non-irritable constitutions. Two grains, 6th trituration, every four hours. Apis.-Profuse soon after a usual period; burning pain; forcing on passing urine; scalding after, and frequent desire; bearing-down pains; aching and pressing in lower part of abdomen; constant pain, with tenderness on pressure in ovarian region, or sharp cutting pains, extending down the PROFUSE MENSTRUATION-TREATMENT. 147 thighs; or severe spasmodic pains in ovaries, coming on every fifteen minutes; or a too early, unusually copious flow, with great tenderness of uterine region, and painful urination. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every two hours. Apocynum Andros.-Profuse, and long-lasting cramps in the bottoms of the feet; burning heat of the soles of the feet, especially after meals; rheumatic neuralgia; rheumatic or congestive headache; nausea, vomiting, purging, and great prostration; rheumatic pains in the limbs; perspira- tion. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Apocynum Can.-For those liable to losses of blood of various kinds, or who inherit such a tendency; the flow is moderate for a day or two, then suddenly sets in with vio- lence, entirely fluid, or with large clots; shreds of membrane in considerable quantity, or in large pieces; marked irrita- bility of the stomach, and vomiting; disposition to faint on raising her head from the pillow; cool skin; copious per- spiration; decided scantiness of urine; the discharge may cease at intervals, but it always sets in again as soon as the heart recovers its usual action. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every three hours. Argentum Nitricum.-The menses at the usual time, but very copious; cutting pains in the small of the back; contractive pains in the groins; anxious mood; taciturn ; fulness of the head. Adapted to delicate nervous females, when the affection arises from depressing causes, as night- watching. There is a troublesome feeling of malaise at the stomach, relieved by pressure, as of the clenched fist; empti- ness in the stomach; desire for high-seasoned or tasting dishes; insatiable hunger; depression of spirits; water- coloured urine. Specially for thin, bilious sempstresses, and those who sit closely, or who drink hot tea. Two grains, 6th trituration, every six hours. Arnica. After mechanical injuries, a fall, blow, or strain from lifting, or over-exertion, or even riding over a rough 148 PROFUSE MENSTRUATION-TREATMENT. road; and more especially if the discharge is dark and clotted; it is sometimes bright red. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every two hours. Arsenic. In broken-down, debilitated constitutions, or in the course of measles, scarlatina, or small-pox, when the vital powers are low, or generally when attended by great debility, muscular weakness, or periodic neuralgia, thirst, chronic vomiting, watery diarrhoea, chilliness, and waxy paleness. The pain is lancinating, burning, obliging patient to bend double; rumbling, loud eructations; and where there is disorganisation of the womb or ovaries. Two grains, 30th trituration, every six hours. Asarum. Irritability of the uterus; menses too soon, nearly black; excessive sensibility of the whole nervous system; extreme dread. Adapted for highly sensitive, chilly individuals, after low fever, or during convalescence from illness. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every three hours. Baptisia. As a consequence of debility, physical or men- tal depression, or nervous prostration, and especially in typhoid fever, or ulceration of the mouth of the womb; when it is mixed with shreds of membrane, and if offensive; dull heavy pain in small of back; chills up and down the back, or flashes of heat from the small of the back, in all directions; gone, empty feeling of the stomach; slight nausea, followed by vomiting, loss of appetite, and constant desire for water; feeling as if the eyes would be pressed into the head, with confusion of sight; teeth and gums sore; profuse flow of saliva; tongue yellowish-brown; eyes red and shining. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every three hours. Belladonna.-Profuse and premature; painful pressure on womb; violent pain in small of back; discharge dark, coagulated, with bad odour; when occasioned by heavy lift- ing; pain in whole of abdomen; copious flow of bright-red blood in a thin stream, with lumps; it occasions a sense of heat, with a feeling of pressure, increased by standing or A PROFUSE MENSTRUATION-TREATMENT. 149 walking; congestion of the head, with throbbing of the carotids; preceded by lassitude; colic; want of appetite; dimness of sight. Followed in the intervals with Calcarea. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every two hours. Benzoic Acid.-Too soon and too copious; the discharge thick or clotted; chronic cough; or diarrhoea, fetid and light-coloured; chronic rheumatism; urine dark, smelling like the medicine; patient wakes after midnight with violent palpitation. Two grains, 3rd trituration, every three hours. Borax.-Regular as to time; very dark in colour, mixed with clots and numerous shreds; the suffering compels her to lie most of the time, which is a week; nervous, starting at the least noise, before the appearance; heaviness in the chest, with arrest of breathing; violent buzzing in the ears. Two grains, 3rd trituration, every three hours. Bromine. Preceded by pain in small of back; general weakness and loss of appetite; dartings in abdomen, relieved by bending forward; on their appearance, headache, with sensation on stooping as if the eyes would fall out; after 66 a show" for a few hours, violent contractive spasms; sore- ness of the abdomen afterwards. Specially for patients subject to affections of chest, heart, or eyes, frequent in- flammation of the lungs, or a strong consumptive tendency. Two drops, 6th dilution, every three hours. Bryonia. Too early and too profuse; dark red, with pain in the small of the back; pain in the head, as if it would split; worse on the least motion; tearing pains in the limbs; or when brought on by a blow on the abdomen. Adapted for rheumatic subjects, and those who suffer from rheumatic diarrhoea, and who menstruate every three weeks. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Calcarea. Comes on a few days before the period; the flow is considerable; shooting pains about the mouth of the 150 PROFUSE MENSTRUATION-TREATMENT. womb; aching in the vagina; bearing-down, burning pain; giddiness on stooping; worse on rising up, or on going up- stairs; damp, cold feet. Adapted to the fresh-coloured and plethoric, or the lymphatic, scrofulous constitutions, who easily take cold. Two grains, 6th trituration, night and morning. Cactus. Too soon and too copious; ceases altogether on lying down; discharge black and pitchy; painful constric- tion in the groins, gradually extending upwards, until it reaches the stomach; pains periodic, coming on every evening until eleven, and then going off until the next evening; pains are sometimes horrible, causing the patient to cry aloud and weep; very weak and exhausted; obliged to keep in bed. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Cantharides.-Too early and too profuse; discharge black; severe pains; corrosive leucorrhoea, both before and after menstruation; burning pain when passing water; obliged to pass it often; burning and violent itching in vagina; swelling of the neck of the uterus, with burning in the bladder; constant vomiting and fever. Suitable for married females without children. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Carbo Animalis.-Too soon; last longer than usual flow only in the morning; violent pressing in the groins, small of the back, and thighs; bloated abdomen; unsuc- cessful efforts to get rid of flatulence; chilliness; yawning; stretching; great feeling of weakness in the thighs; and, generally, patient scarcely able to speak; indurations of the neck of the uterus, with fetid urine. Two grains, 3rd trituration, every three hours. Carbo Vegetabilis.-Too soon and too profuse, or thick and corrosive; acid odour; itching pimples on nape of neck, and between the shoulders; or menses pale, with leucorrhoea, thick or greenish, milky or yellow, or blood PROFUSE MENSTRUATION-TREATMENT. 151 and slime; headache; colic; spasmodic pains; pent-up flatulence; pudenda itching, sore, and excoriated. Two grains, 3rd trituration, every three hours. Caulophyllum.-Severe neuralgic or spasmodic pains in the womb, resembling labour coming on and going off; relaxation of the mouth of the womb. The patients it suits often have discoloured patches on the forehead or face, such as are seen in those subject to menstrual irregularities, or who have uterine disease. It stimulates a relaxed, irrita- ble, enfeebled uterus. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every two hours. Causticum.-Too soon and too abundant; none passed at night; smell badly, and excite an itching; shifting pains in the abdomen; pain in the small of the back; anxious dreams; debility; lowness of spirits; want of appetite; copious sour perspirations; constant aching of the breasts. Adapted to the scrofulous, weakly, and rheumatic. Two drops, 6th dilution, every three hours. Chamomilla.-Dark, black, coagulated, in gushes, with pressure on the womb; labour-like pains; frequent desire to pass water; drawing, tearing pains in the thighs and legs; irritability of temper; fainting; coldness of the limbs; paleness of face, and thirst; urine pale and profuse; menses sometimes have a fetid smell. Three drops, 2nd dilution, every two hours. Chelidonium.-In cases in connection with chronic affections of the liver or spleen, or in jaundice. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every three hours. China.-Spasms in the chest; colic in abdomen; dis- charge profuse, black, and clotted, occurring at intervals; pressure upon the womb; jerkings and twitchings of the body; painful distension of the abdomen; continual dizzi- ness; headache over the whole head; glittering before the eyes; humming in the ears; dryness of the mouth, without thirst; labour-like pains; desire to urinate, with scanty M 152 PROFUSE MENSTRUATION-TREATMENT. discharge; unusual debility; sleeplessness, or short sleeps, with frightful dreams; palpitation; forgetfulness; anxiety; apprehension of dying; constant chilliness; coldness of the hands and feet; yellowish-white complexion of whole body. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every two hours. Cimicifuga.-Pressive, heavy headache, with melancholy and palpitation; the patient pale; lips colourless; skin sallow; heaviness; weight; bearing-down and labour-like pains; heaviness and weight of the legs and thighs; cold chills; prickling sensation in the breasts; aching in the limbs; cramps in womb and legs; tenderness of the pit of the stomach; neuralgic pains; tendency to prolapsus of the womb; the discharge profuse, but dark and coagulated. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every two hours. Cocculus.-Copious discharge of coagulated blood, fol- lowed by piles; spasms of the uterus and abdomen; flatu- lence; oppression of the breathing; nausea; faintness; throwing about of the limbs; moaning; throbbing at the top of the head; hysteria. Adapted for young girls, or married women who are childless. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every two hours. Collinsonia.-In cases connected with congested neck of the womb and piles; distressing itching and prolapsus; aggravated constipation; distressed, haggard look; violent pains in the lower part of the abdomen; nausea; fainting; prostration; dyspepsia; headache; sleeplessness; yellow- ness of the skin; dark circles round the eyes. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every three hours. Colocynth.-Spasmodic, pressing pains in abdomen, drawing patient together; irritation of the bowels and urinary organs, with straining; catamenia too soon and too abundant; swelling of the pudenda; dragging pain in the vagina. Suitable to those who sit long and closely. Three drops, 3rd dilution, every two hours. Crocus.-Discharge black, lumpy, viscid, or stringy; PROFUSE MENSTRUATION-TREATMENT. 153 increased by the least movement; sensation of something alive in the abdomen, in the shape of a ball; palpitation; anxiety; melancholy; jerking and creeping in the limbs; thirst; heavy dreams; starting on going to sleep; black coagulæ, alternated with thin bloody water. Suitable for the nervous and hysterical, and cases brought on by dancing and violent exercise, or taking stimulating drinks during men- struation. Three drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Erigeron. Profuse and alarming flow of bright-red blood; the patient cannot move in the least without increas- ing the flow; exsanguined; nearly comatose, or great rest- lessness and lowness of spirits; complete suppression of urine, or constant desire, with very little passed, sometimes only a drop or two; diarrhoea, with burning sensation. Three drops, 2nd dilution, every quarter of an hour. Ferrum.-Too frequent, too profuse, and last too long; frequent discharge of partly fluid and partly black blood, with clots; violent labour-like pains in abdomen and loins; pulse full, hard, and frequent; shudderings; headache; giddiness; constipation; hot urine; fiery-red face. Two grains, 2nd trituration, every three hours. Fluoric Acid.-Too soon, too copious, thick, coagulated; discontented and quarrelsome with every one; sharp, shoot- ing, undulating pain in forehead and temples; giddiness, with sickness, dulness, and heaviness; constant and profuse perspiration of the palms of the hands, even in cold weather. Two drops, 6th dilution, every three hours. Gelseminum.-An unnatural relaxation of the muscular substance of the womb, as in those who have borne many children; an almost continuous, uninterrupted discharge, without pain; if pains are present, they are severe, of spasmodic, neuralgic character. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every three hours. Hamamelis.-Profuse menstruation of a dark, venous M 2 154 PROFUSE MENSTRUATION-TREATMENT. character, from ovarian irritation, or after a fall, of the same character, unattended by pain. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every hour. Hedeoma. Ovaries are highly irritated, if not in a state of active inflammation; congestion and painful spas- modic contractions of the womb; excessive bearing-down, coming on periodically, like labour-pains, greatly aggravated by movement, almost unendurable; weakness, and paralysed feeling in the limbs. Useful in hysterical constitutions, sub- ject to intestinal and urinary irritation. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every two hours. Helonias. More blood is lost at a period than can be made during the interval; it therefore tells on the strength and constitution; pain in back, and frequent palpitation; ovarian distress; bearing down; complexion sallow, un- healthy-looking, earthy pale; discharge may result from atony or congestion of the uterus; sometimes from ulcera- tion of the neck of the womb; then it is constant, dark, and bad-smelling; the least exertion, as going upstairs, or walking across a room, may increase it to flooding. Pains of Helonias generally are of a piercing, drawing character; the nipples usually are tender, not bearing pressure of an ordi- nary dress. - Two drops, 2nd dilution, every three hours. Hepar.--Profuse and premature; yellow complexion, with blue circles round the eyes, preceded by contractive head- ache, accompanied by itching of the pudenda; bloatedness of the abdomen; the discharge ceases, and then comes on again almost immediately, or again in ten or twelve days. Adapted to the scrofulous, lymphatic, torpid constitution, with fair hair, and soft, muscular fibre, and subject to erup- tions. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Hyoscyamus.-Profuse menstruation, accompanied or preceded by immoderate laughter; profuse perspiration; nausea, and incontinence of urine, or convulsive trembling PROFUSE MENSTRUATION-TREATMENT. 155 of the hands and feet; cramps, or sometimes delirium. Suitable for the hysterical. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every three hours. Hypericum.-Adapted for general prostration from loss of blood; general weakness; trembling in all the limbs; languor on rising; fainting from physical effort; thirst; heaviness of the head; great nervous depression; excessive headache; tension, as from a tight band over uterus, or heat and irritation there; palpitation; pressure in the small of the back; heaviness over region of the stomach; cachectic, yellowish look; puffiness of the body; abdomen enlarged; pulse small; evening chills succeeded by flushes of heat. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every three hours. Ignatia. Too early and too profuse; uterine spasms; crampy pain in groins; arrest of breathing; qualmishness; pains relieved by pressure and lying down; headache; dread of light; palpitation; sighing and sobbing; feebleness; faintness; tingling in the ears; want of appetite; empti- ness of the stomach; hysterical spasms; hysterical headache; blackish blood sometimes passed, of a putrid odour, or lumps of coagulated blood. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every three hours. Ipecacuanha.-Persistent nausea; constant flow of bright-red blood, in considerable quantities; cutting pain about the navel, extending to the womb; dizziness; head- ache; patient feels cold, and looks extremely pale. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every two hours. | Iodine. Rising of heat to the head; palpitation; swell- ing and bloating of the neck; prostration; spasmodic, colicky pains; dizziness, resembling intoxication; violent frontal headache. Suitable for the young and plethoric; for those who have goitre; or where there is acute pain in the breasts, or where they have dwindled away; or generally in scrofulous subjects. Two drops, 6th dilution, every three hours. 156 PROFUSE MENSTRUATION-TREATMENT. j Kali Carb. Too early, more profuse, and lasting longer than usual; great thirst; restless nights; uneasiness; chil- liness; tremor; spasmodic pains in the abdomen, and rum- bling; violent headache; disagreeable taste in mouth, and frequent rising of bile; violent pressing in the small of the back and abdomen, as if all the contents would issue through the genital organs; coldness in the back; spasm and cold- ness in the stomach. Two grains, 2nd trituration, every two hours. Kreosote. Too frequent, too long-continued, and too profuse; generally dark, pungent smell, and making the thighs sore; frequent pains in the small of the back, and hard bearing-down, like labour; nervousness; uneasiness; rising of insipid white froth, or vomiting of mucus; flatu- lence, like rotten eggs. Menses may intermit for two days, then return for twenty-four hours, with violent pains in abdomen, and thin, bright-red blood: they may return every three weeks profusely; coming away in pieces, with chilli- ness, darting in the breast, profuse sweat on the back and chest, continuing four or five days, and be succeeded by an acridly-smelling, bloody discharge, with corrosive itching of the parts. Useful even in cancerous affections of the womb. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Lachesis. Chills at night; flushes of heat during the day; pain in right ovarian region, increasing more and more until relieved by the discharge; oppression at the chest; headache; pain in the limbs; muscular relaxation and weariness; languor every morning, and after eating, with a disposition to lie down; spasmodic contraction of the womb; labour-like pains; pains in pudenda, as if swollen; they have to be relieved of all pressure; shreds of membrane passed, and sometimes a complete cast of the inside of womb. La- chesis embraces most of the symptoms of Belladonna, with an added tendency to persistence, and is adapted to the cho- leric and melancholy; to those with dark hair, or red hair and freckles. Two drops, 30th dilution, every four hours. PROFUSE MENSTRUATION-TREATMENT. 157 Laurocerasus.-Lowness of spirits; heat of whole body; toothache; suffocative attacks about the region of the heart ; colic in abdomen, relieved by heat; great prostration; ner- vous weakness; faintings; the patient falls down suddenly; irresistible drowsiness; stiffness and weariness in the small of the back. - Two drops, 2nd dilution, every three hours. Ledum.—Continual faint feeling; great want of vital heat; so weak that she can scarcely drag her limbs after her; menses too early and too profuse; itching of the whole body; puffy swelling of the feet; violent, stupefying, beating, tear- ing headache, with giddiness and an intoxicated feeling; hoarseness, with roughness of the windpipe. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every three hours. w Lycopodium. Too long and too profuse; croaking in the abdomen; cutting pains across abdomen, from left to right; great fermentation in the bowels, and discharge of much flatulence; feverish mood; rush of blood to the head, increased by stooping, with tendency to fall forward; the hair comes off in considerable quantities; icy coldness of the feet; pains come on in paroxysms, generally worse about 4 P.M.; oblige patient to walk about; she cannot keep still; unconquerable sleep after dinner, followed by great ex- haustion. Two grains, 6th trituration, every three hours. Magnesia Carb.-Too early and too profuse; headache, worse in the evening; the flow stronger at night than in the day; bearing-down pains, relieved by compressing the abdo- men, or stooping; no discharge during a pain, but just after; dark, viscid, acrid, almost like pitch; violent pain in the small of the back, worse when sitting, easier when walking; excessive hunger before menses. Two grains, 2nd trituration, every three hours. Magnesia Mur.-Uterine spasms, extending to the thighs; menses longer than usual, and more profuse; dis- charge of black clots of menstrual blood, more sitting than 158 PROFUSE MENSTRUATION-TREATMENT. walking; menses first watery, then coloured, with great and constant pressure on both sides of abdomen; frequent yawn- ing; preceded by excitement; at the time, faintness; weari- ness of lower limbs; patient cannot fall asleep until late. Two grains, 2nd trituration, every three hours. Mercurius. Too profuse; there is anxiety; red tongue, with dark spots; salt taste; sore or spongy gums; teeth feel tender, long, and loose; fetid breath; profuse flow of saliva; profuse menstruation, occurring as a symptom of general weakness or cachexia. Two grains, 6th trituration, every three hours. Musk. Too early and too profuse; violent drawing pains in the abdomen; fits of weakness, bordering on faintness; often periodical; coldness of the surface of the body, even in bed; weak, sluggish, intermittent pulse; sleeplessness from nervousness; giddiness, with stupefaction; dizziness; con- gestion of blood to the head; nervous headache; dimness of vision; redness of the face, or of one cheek, or pale, earthy complexion. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every three hours. Muriatic Acid.-Too soon, with or without colic; press- ing in pudenda; pinching pain in vagina; debility; restless- ness; sadness; taciturnity; piles, either blind or bleeding, with burning soreness; often voluptuous itching of genitals. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Natrum Muriaticum.-Too early and too profuse; may be occasioned or reproduced by a thunder-storm ; heaviness of the eyes, and intolerable sadness; she craves salt, and has an aversion to bread; dreams that robbers are in the house; qualmishness; sweet risings from the stomach; morning headache; constipation. Two grains, 2nd trituration, every three hours. Nitric Acid.-Too profuse and pale, almost bloodless; young girls, subject to dyspepsia; obstinate constipation; great desire for relief of the bowels; the urine has an exces- PROFUSE MENSTRUATION-TREATMENT. 159 sively strong smell. Suitable for sempstresses and dress- makers. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Nux Moschata.-Profuse, thick, black blood; hysterical, nervous symptoms; giddiness; loss of feeling and memory; drowsiness; sometimes toothache; teeth feel as if being pulled out; alternate constipation and diarrhoea; severe and peculiar pain in the back, as if a board were pressing against it; throat, mouth, and tongue excessively dry, particularly when asleep. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every three hours. Nux Vomica.-A continual dribbling of the menses, which last too long; weakening, sickening, faint feeling; fulness of abdomen; distension of stomach; often cramp; chilliness; constipation; nausea; headache; eyes feel as though they would be forced out of their sockets; lumps of thick clotted blood expelled, with griping and digging pain; patient cannot sleep after the early morning. Any of these symptoms occurring as a forerunner of a change of life, or in those of quick, irritable dispositions, who live well, and lead a sedentary life. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Phosphorus. Too copious, with tendency of blood to the head; excessive sensitiveness; mental excitement; swell- ing of the gums; swollen cheeks; toothache; chilliness; cold hands and feet, or prickling itching of the whole body; dulness of the head; violent pain in the back, as if bruised ; very sick in the evening; palpitation; pinching across the stomach; constant yawning; watery urine. Suitable for tall slim persons, with pale, sallow complexion, or those of transparent, waxy skin. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Phosphoric Acid. Too early and too long; pain in right side, under the ribs, over the region of the liver; great prostration of vital power; distress about the heart; some- 160 PROFUSE MENSTRUATION-TREATMENT. times deafness; falling-off of the hair. Specially adapted for small delicate women. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every three hours. Phytolacca.-Profuse menstruation, connected with ulceration of the womb, or irritation of the ovaries; rheu- matic pains in the womb; menses irritable and painful, with- out swelling. - Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Platina. Too long and profuse; cutting, labour-like pains; dark coagulated blood; sexual excitement; thirst; sensation as if a ball were moving about in abdomen; cramps; spasms; bearing down; discharge thick or liquid, with large clots or lumps; anguish about the heart; trem- bling of the hands and feet; small feeble pulse; flushed face; debility. Two grains, 6th trituration, every four hours. Plumbum.-Too profuse in the cachectic; labour-like pains; spasms; difficult passing of water, and straining. Two grains, 6th trituration, every four hours. Pulsatilla.-Too profuse, thick and dark clots, or pale, thin, and watery, flowing only by day in gushes; swelling and painful tension of breasts; waterbrash; obscuration of sight; stitches in the chest; colic; abdominal spasms; puffy, pale swelling of the feet and legs; chilliness; nausea; trembling; palpitation. Suitable for the delicate, scrofu- lous, of tearful, mild disposition. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every three hours. Prunus.-Menses every fortnight; pains in the back; watery and thin, or continuing for eight or ten weeks, the discharge becoming more watery the longer it lasts; sticking pain in the breast, extending to the armpit, worse on draw- ing a deep breath; pain at the bottom of the back. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every three hours. Rhus Tox.-Profuse, with coagula; labour-like pains; PROFUSE MENSTRUATION-TREATMENT. 161 soreness and pain in the vagina; menses reappear suddenly and profusely, sometimes from a strain; rheumatic pains, worse at night, obliging the patient frequently to change position; small of the back feels bruised, especially when lying still on it; spasmodic yawning. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Ruta. Too early, too profuse, or irregular, with hysteri- cal and head symptoms; pains in the limbs, joints, and bones, as if bruised; flatulence; frequent urging to urinate, with scanty emission. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Sabina. Profuse menses in those who have had frequent abortions, black, dark-coloured, and clotted, or bright red, in paroxysms increased by motion; violent tearing pains in limbs, small of the back, and abdomen; tearing headache of left side, of intolerable severity. Also adapted to profuse menstruation from an irritable uterus, about the time of change of life. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Sanguinaria.-Too early and too profuse and black; abdominal pain; escape of flatus from vagina, with dilated mouth of the womb; congestion of the head; pain on the right side and forehead; pain as if the eyes would be pressed out of the head; congestion of the lungs; slight nausea; pains in the limbs. Adapted to the scrofulous, cachectic constitution. K Two drops, 2nd dilution, every three hours. Secale Corn.-Too profuse and too long; violent spasms; discharge is red fluid blood, or dark, with lumps, having an excessively fetid odour; colic; labour-like pains, followed by discharges; pressure on the bladder; frequent efforts to relieve it; numbness and tingling of the extremities; sallow countenance. Very useful in the enfeebled and cachectic. Three drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Senecio. Too long; in scrofulous and consumptive 1 162 PROFUSE MENSTRUATION-TREATMENT. patients, when defective uterine function arises from a viti- ated state of the system; nervous irritation; irritation of the uterine system; increased flow of clear limpid urine; variable spirits; dizziness; dry skin; nails brittle; chilliness, nausea, and yawning; weary feeling in the small of the back, and in the legs. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every three hours. Sepia. Too early; marked feeling of emptiness at the pit of stomach; fetid urine, or a clay-like sediment; fetid, strong-smelling perspiration, especially in armpits; tooth- ache; hysteric headache; nausea; vomiting; palpitation; congestion of blood to the chest. Adapted specially to the change of life, and generally to those with fine skins, of deli- cate constitutions; sometimes yellow patches on the face, and a yellow saddle across the bridge of the nose. Two grains, 6th trituration, every four hours. Silicea. Profuse chilliness; shuddering; coldness over the whole body; pressure over the eyes; disordered vision; objects look pale; anguish; drawing pain between the shoulders; burning and soreness, or itching of the pudenda. Adapted to those subject to glandular swellings; or to follow Pulsatilla. Two grains, 6th trituration, every six hours. Spongia. Too early and too profuse; preceded by palpi- tation and pain in the back, attended by drawing pains in arms and legs. Adapted for those subject to chronic hoarse- ness, or whose voice frequently fails them. Two grains, 6th trituration, every three hours. Stramonium.-Too profuse; drawing pains in the abdo- men, thighs, and legs; uncontrollable and unusual disposi- tion to talk; menses almost entirely watery; extreme irritability; inclination to do everything in a hurry; counte- nance expressive of fear or anxiety; spasms of the chest ; suppression of urine. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. PROFUSE MENSTRUATION-TREATMENT. 163 Sulphur. Too early, too profuse, and too long; aching pains in the head; flushes of heat; redness in the face; dizziness; buzzing in the ears; restlessness; heartburn; high-coloured, scanty, and fetid urine. The discharge may be too pale, and have an acid odour; or it may be black, clotted, and sticky, with severe bearing-down pain. Two grains, 6th trituration, every three hours. Sulphuric Acid.-Too early and too profuse; preceded by nightmare, attended by stitches in abdomen and vagina; thirst; dry tongue; tremulous feeling; much general de- bility. Suitable for chronic affections, and pains which increase steadily, and then suddenly disappear. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. CC Trillium.-Profuse every fortnight; last seven or eight days; in the interval, yellowish, creamy leucorrhoea; at change of life," when thick, dark, and clotted, continuing several days. Affords relief when repeated attacks have left patient almost bloodless and dropsical. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Veratrum Album.-Profuse; diarrhea; buzzing in the ears; bleeding from nose; pain in the limbs; great thirst; nausea; vomiting; cold sweat on forehead; weak pulse. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Zinc. Too early and profuse; discharge of coagula when walking; heaviness in limbs; drawing pains in knees; fulness and oppression at stomach; inflammation of eyes; anxiety, with fidgettiness of legs; weeping; chilliness; swelling and irritation of the pudenda. Two grains, 6th trituration, every six hours. Zizia Aurea.—Profuse, continuing for one day; followed by acrid leucorrhoea; attended by increased vascular and nervous excitement; sensitiveness of the entire body to the touch; white and puffy appearance generally; depression of spirits, followed by unusual exhilaration. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every three hours. 164 CESSATION OF MENSTRUATION. With any of these remedies must be associated the greatest care as to the general health, habits, and exercise, with mild, tonic, hydropathic treatment in the intervals. CESSATION OF MENSTRUATION. The cessation of menstruation-" the change of life," or “critical age”—-is looked forward to by the majority with considerable apprehension; by others, with fond expectation, in some way or other, to usher in a period of relief from various ailments;-to give them a fresh start, and husbanded resources for the remainder of life. By far too many it is looked for long before there is much probability of its taking place a long train of symptoms, any unusual feelings by young women of eight-and-twenty, are gravely ascribed to "the change." I have known menstruation cease at twenty- seven, thirty-one, thirty-four, and thirty-five; though the rule for it is thirty years of continuance from the time of its first commencement, which would carry it on ten years longer than the periods just instanced. As to the manner in which menstruation ceases, considerable variety obtains: with some it stops suddenly, without any other inconvenience than occasional flows; with others, though the cessation is more gradual, the flushes are more troublesome and per- sistent, and are followed by profuse perspirations; often there is a gradual decrease in quantity, missing a period or two now and then, or stopping altogether for some months, followed by an excessive and prolonged flow, in which case. an exhibition of some of the remedies enumerated in the last section is required. Such terminal flow is often taken for miscarriage; and the sudden cessation is not unfrequently mistaken for pregnancy, especially if there is some swelling of the abdomen and breasts, with secretion of milk, and other sympathetic disturbances, of which time only can show the fallacy. After a long period of cessation the flow may reappear, and return regularly, without, however, always indicating a return of conceptive power. CESSATION OF MENSTRUATION. 165 At the critical age, skin diseases of various kinds, sick headaches, neuralgia, hysteria, crops of boils, may make their appearance; or an unusual tendency to sleep; an uneasy sensation of weight in the head; a feeling as if a cloud or cobweb required to be brushed away; disinclination for any exertion; a diminution in the powers of memory and of the mind. Some become exceedingly depressed and melancholy, and live under the impression of impending evil. Nervous pains, often tolerably severe in various parts, resembling those which the patient formerly experienced at menstruation; congestion of the stomach, liver, or bowels; sinking or depression at the pit of the stomach; a torment- ing sense of emptiness; various symptoms of indigestion; nausea; vomiting; high-coloured urine; severe biliary attacks; diarrhoea, offensive, fetid, dark; or constipation and piles. Leucorrhoea is a very common accompaniment. Pulmonary consumption sometimes manifests itself during this change; in others, attacks of rheumatism of the shoulders or hip; swelling of the joints generally. Cancer of the breast is more apt to present itself now, or to take on renewed activity; as are polypus and cancer of the womb, and malignant ulcers. These serious affections may possibly occur at the critical age: it does not of necessity follow that they will; but it does follow, that however much their existence may be feared at an early period of life, the far greater probability is, that they exist in apprehension only; they may be very like, but they are something far less serious. For the treatment of most of the affections just referred to, the remedies which apply are given below; but if, for instance, the suppression is caused by a chill or fright, reference must be made to the section treating of Suppres- sion of the Menses; for profuse discharge, under Profuse Menstruation; for Diarrhoea, except for the remedies here indicated, and for Hysteria, to the sections specially treating on them. Cancer of the breast and womb, ulceration of the womb, and polypus, are mentioned at length in their more appropriate places, with diseases of the womb and breast. For the flushes and heats- Aconite. In the robust and plethoric, especially if there 166 CESSATION OF MENSTRUATION-TREATMENT. be local congestions of head or chest, flushings and perspi- rations. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Pulsatilla. Sudden heat; a good deal of perspiration in the face; trembling of the limbs; obscuration of sight, as if patient would faint; or anxious heat over the whole body; the hands, however, being more burning than the rest of the body. M Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Lachesis. Disagreeable warmth over the whole body, especially in an evening; heat as from a rush of blood over the whole body, but particularly about the nape of the neck; or sudden attacks of giddiness and faintness, as if one would die; every part of the body appearing trembling and palpi- tating, preceded by palpitation of the heart; heat; anguish ; shuddering and trembling of the lower limbs. Two drops, 30th dilution, every three hours. Sanguinaria.-Heat, flying from the head to the stomach; burning heat, rapidly alternating with chill and shivering; great weakness; great prostration of muscular strength. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Sepia.-Flushes of heat, as if hot water were being poured over the body; or redness of the face; perspiration over the whole body, and anxiety, without thirst; feeling of oppression and faintness. Two grains, 6th trituration, every three hours. For the head symptoms and headache— Aconite.-General numbed feeling; creeping sensation in the skin; restlessness; sensation as of a swelling of the face and head to more than double their natural size; dim- ness of sight; giddiness when stooping or rising from a seat; sense of swaying to and fro; staggering; everything seems turning round; dizziness when moving or shaking the head; pressure in the temples, feeling as though a tight cap were CESSATION OF MENSTRUATION-TREATMENT. 2. 167 round the forehead; rush of blood to the head; heat and redness of the face. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Belladonna.-Throbbing, beating headache; flushed face, or headache, chiefly over the eyes, with a heavy, stunned, intoxicated feeling, worse from four in the after- noon until three the next morning; made considerably worse by noise and light, and even by lying down; peevish anxiety and agitation. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Bryonia. Headache, coming on after a meal, or setting in early in the morning; rush of blood to the head; giddi- ness, as though she were turning round, or as if everything were turning round her, when standing or rising up from a seat, or even sitting up in bed, accompanied by a feeling of nausea; the head feels heavy, like a hundredweight; dart- ing, throbbing pain; pain in both temples; scalp of the head tender to the touch; moving the eyes sometimes brings on the pain; dulness of memory, lowness of spirits, and anxiety. Suitable to dry, nervous, slender, bilious persons. Bryonia has striking relations with the secretions of the liver and the uterus. M Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Cactus. -Great heat in the head and face, as though before a strong fire; violent, insufferable headache, with either a feeling of emptiness, or great weight on the top, attended by great prostration and weariness; strong pul- sating pain in the temples; or drawing sensation at the back of the head; pains increased by motion, and attended by a sense of constriction of the throat. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Carbo Vegetabilis.-Dull, drawing, or pulsating pain in the head, in cachectic subjects; chilliness; coldness; trembling; or pain violent, confined to a small spot of the forehead, near the temples; great tendency to start, and irritability; bleeding from the nose. Two grains, 1st trituration, every three hours. N I 168 CESSATION OF MENSTRUATION-TREATMENT. Cocculus.-Stupid feeling, cannot understand what she reads; giddiness, nausea, and inclination to vomit; sense of a weight lying on the head; temples feel forced together; tearing, throbbing, frontal headache; pain as if the eyes would be torn out during motion-she is obliged to shut them; absorbed in gloomy thoughts; convulsive trembling of the head. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Crocus.-Violent headache, sometimes only in morning, attended by nausea; or confined to the right side of the back of the head, or in and about the right eye, in those subject to, or who have suffered from, hæmorrhage from uterus; eyesight feels dim, as though looking through gauze has to wink and wipe the eyes to clear it away; nose bleeds. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Cimicifuga.-Acute throbbing; heat and fulness in the head, sometimes over the left, sometimes over the right eye, or the whole forehead; often very acute at the back of the eyes; felt every day, but worse every other day; rendered very much worse by going upstairs-so much so, that it seems as though the top of the head would fly off; relieved by the open air; the brain feels too large for the skull; tired feeling; nervous weakness and restlessness; dull, stupid feeling; too much trouble to think about anything, or as if the power to think were wanting. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Gelseminum.-Headache comes on, suddenly beginning at the upper part of the neck, and spreading over the whole head-or in the forehead first, and thence to nape of neck, attended by a dimness of sight, or double vision; quite a trouble to open the eyes, or to keep them open even for a short time; stupor; dull, heavy expression of countenance, patient frequently feeling like one intoxicated; pulse full; nervous, sick headache. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. CESSATION OF MENSTRUATION-TREATMENT. 169 • Glonoine.-Violent vertigo; violent distress in the head; sudden rush of blood, or stupor; severe pain at the back of the head; heavy, throbbing, constricting pain; whirling giddiness; pressing sensation in brain, or as if it were ex- panding, and must burst the skull; throat feels full-sense of choking; violent neuralgic pain in the head, especially when centred in a small spot about the size of a half-crown. Two drops, 6th dilution, every three hours. Ignatia. Painful pressure in the head; burning and watering of the eyes; dread of light; swelling of the eyelids; pain intense in one eye, often the right, or confined to one side of the head; or a feeling as though a nail were being forcibly driven through the skull; qualmishness; want of appetite; cutting, spasmodic pains in bowels; a quantity of urine, clear as water. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every two hours. Asclepias Syriaca.-As if a sharp instrument were being thrust through the head, from one temple to the other; feeble pulse; cold skin; dizziness; persistent nausea, frequently vomiting; sometimes diarrhoea; quantities of pale urine passed often. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every two hours. Nux Vomica.-The head feels as though it would split; pressing it tightly with both hands, or tying anything round it, relieves it; heat in the cheeks; chilly feeling over body; soreness and sensitiveness of the scalp, with darting pains; nausea; distension of the stomach; consti- pation; gastric, sick headache. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every two hours. Iris.-Dull, heavy pain in forehead, with sharp, shooting pains, at intervals, in the temples; weakness; nausea; vomiting of watery, sour fluid; colic; diarrhoea, or hammer- ing pain, aggravated by moving or coughing; or violent, stupid, stunning headache, with facial neuralgia; copious limpid urine; though the headache is, at first, greatly N 2 170 CESSATION OF MENSTRUATION-TREATMENT. aggravated by moving about, if continued it effectually re- lieves it; sick headache, whether neuralgic or gastric. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every two hours. Opium -Dulness of the senses; depression of spirits, or quiet exhilaration, or state of semi-stupor, or half conscious- ness; head bewildered and dizzy, feeling as though every- thing were turning round; beating, tight, throbbing head- ache: pale face, dull eyes, and contracted pupils. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every two hours. Pulsatilla. Stupid, gloomy feeling; boring, pressing pain in forehead, or top of the head; giddiness, worse on looking up; pain in the eyes; sour risings, or gulping-up of sour fluid; brain feels as if bruised, or as if part of it were somewhat sore; pain relieved by pressure. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every three hours. Podophyllum.-Giddiness; dizziness; sensation of ful- ness over the eyes; momentary dartings of pain, obliging one to shut the eyes; morning headache; dulness; sleepi- ness; pain and heat at the top of the head; stunning head-. ache through the temples, relieved by pressure; soreness over the seat of pain; headache, alternating with diarrhoea. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Chamomilla.-Tearing, dragging, maddening pain; burning distress; heavy load, and sense of anxiety, at pit of stomach; vomiting of bile; irritable mood; yellow, jaundiced look; flushes of heat. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every three hours. Sanguinaria.-Periodical, sick headache every week, or at longer intervals; distension and soreness of temporal veins, or feeling of soreness on small spots on the head, especially in the temples; severe pains in the head, or in rays drawing upwards from the neck, with nausea and vomiting, fre- quently bilious; commonly beginning in the morning; in- creasing to violence during the day; only relieved by lying quiet, and, when possible, by sleep; every movement causes CHANGE OF LIFE-HEADACHE. 171 aggravation; the head seems as if it would burst-the eyes as if they would be pressed out; the pains are digging and boring, attended by sudden, piercing, throbbing sensations through the brain, involving the forehead and the top of the head in particular, but most severe on the right side. Three drops, 3rd dilution, every two hours. Senecio.-Frequent yawning and shivering; great lan- guor; lassitude, and sensitiveness to cold air; sharp, sticking, lancinating pains in both eyes and forehead; giddiness, and a feeling as of a wave passing from the back of the head to the front; head feels very light; giddiness comes on quite suddenly, or heat in the forehead, with perspiration, or dull, stupefying headache, with uncomfortable fulness of the head. Three drops, 3rd dilution, every two hours. Sepia.-Morning headache, with nausea; general anxious- ness, especially at the pit of stomach; inclination to start; nerves are sensitive to every noise; very fearful and trem- bling; rush of blood to the head; the nose sometimes bleeds; giddiness, everything seems to go round; she has to be led. Two grains, 6th trituration, every three hours. Caulophyllum.---Dull pain in forehead, feeling as though the skin were too tight; sharp pains as of pins sticking in ; severe pain in the temples as though they would be crushed together, or drawing pain over the left eye; sight feels dim; profuse flow of tears. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every two hours. Platina. Passing attacks of vertigo when standing, as if the senses were going, followed by palpitation and headache; benumbed, compressed feeling in head, especially in fore- head, as though pressed down to root of the nose, or pain as from two screws in the temples, increased by stooping or movement; sensation of shaking in the brain when walking, as though it struck against the skull; sound as of a roaring 172 CHANGE OF LIFE-HEADACHE, mill in the ears. (Glonoine also relieves this symptom.) Especially suitable for those in whom menstruation has been usually profuse and prolonged. Two grains, 6th trituration, every three hours. Spigelia. Alternate cheerfulness and gloom; palpita- tion; anxious oppression at the chest; periodic headache; pain or intolerable pressure in the eyeballs when moving them, as if too large; burning in both eyes, obliging her to close them; profuse flow of tears; eyes look dim; great in- clination to move the eyelids; pale, disfigured face; yellow margins round eyes; face looks swollen on rising in the morning; heaviness in the head, and pressure-worse on stooping; pains as if the head would burst; violent tearing or digging; shaking sensation in the head at every step. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every two hours. Veratrum Album.-Vomiting of green mucus; pale face; pain in the back; colic, and copious flow of urine; pain violent, with beating sensation and pressure, or comes on in paroxysms; there is a stiffness at the nape of the neck; a sensation as of drops of water trickling over the temples; the hair of the head feels sensitive; general feeling in the head as of heat and coldness at the same time. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every two hours. Veratrum Viride.-Headache, proceeding from the nape of the neck, or localised in the forehead, where it may be severe or dull; there is giddiness; dimness of vision; dilated pupil; contracted feeling of the skin of the fore- head; neuralgic pains in the right temple, close to the eye, or constant, dull, heavy headache; sense of fulness, weight, or distension; throbbing of the arteries, with stupefaction, or buzzing and roaring; dim or disordered vision, sometimes double, partial, luminous, painful, or dim; tingling and numbness in the limbs; vomiting of bile, preceded by hiccup; cutting pains about the navel; sometimes piles. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. CHANGE OF LIFE-INDIGESTION. 173 Gastric symptoms, especially emptiness at the stomach, &c.- Ammonia Muriatica.-Sensation in the stomach as of emptiness or hunger, or of fasting; the stomach, neverthe- less, feels full; worse after breakfast; waterbrash; qualmish- ness, gnawing, or grinding at the stomach. Two grains, 6th dilution, every four hours. China.-Emptiness and coldness at the stomach; oppres- sive anxiety after every meal; spasmodic pains; stitches in pit of the stomach after drinking anything, extending to the breast bone. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every three hours. Ignatia. Sensation in the stomach as of long fasting, as if it were empty; flat taste in mouth; languor in all the limbs, or alternate feeling of emptiness and fulness, with enormous appetite; peculiar feeling of weakness at the pit of the stomach. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every three hours. Gelseminum.-Feeling of emptiness and weakness in the stomach and bowels; rumbling, dull pains at the pit of the stomach, relieved by the expulsion of flatulence, or a sensa- tion as if something wanting or gone at the pit of the stomach. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Cimicifuga. Faintness and emptiness at the pit of the stomach; repugnance to food-may be attended with pains either slight or severe, or with violent retching and vomiting, with pains in the head. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Iris.-Empty eructations; nausea, and vomiting of a watery and extremely sour fluid, or vomiting and diarrhœa; great prostration; severe shocks of pain about the navel; great commotion and rumbling in the bowels, above the seat of pain--little or none below; the pains are felt before meals, and relieved by taking food. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every three hours. 174 CHANGE OF LIFE-NERVOUS SYMPTOMS. Nervous Symptoms- Aconite.-Fears; apprehensions; anxiety; palpitation; oppression of breathing; languor; congestion of blood to the head; redness and heat of the face; vehemence; great ten- dency to start; fitful, changeful mood. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Cimicifuga.- Great nervousness; extremely restless and apprehensive; totally unable to sleep at night; extreme irritability. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Cypripedium.-Equalises and energises the nervous powers; lessens nervous excitement; allays nervous irrita- bility; and alleviates pain. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Coffea.-Excitement unusual and prolonged; unable to compose herself; trembles-so much so, that she cannot hold even a pen; rapidity and quickness of every movement; very much dissatisfied; indisposed to talk; her answers are short and snappish. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Chamomilla.-Nothing she undertakes gives her satis- faction; great irresolution; tremulous; tendency to start at the least trifle; a constant irrepressible desire to talk about old vexatious things; ill-humour or internal vexation over unimportant matters; flushes of heat in the face; cool per- spiration in the palms of the hands. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every three hours. . Ignatia. Sudden changes of cheerfulness and disposition to weep; feeling as if she had committed some evil deed ; imagines she is unable to get along, and that she cannot walk; fearfulness; timidity; loss of all confidence in herself; slightest contradiction irritates; taciturn; brooding; great weakness of memory. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every three hours. CHANGE OF LIFE-NERVOUS SYMPTOMS. 175 Pulsatilla. Uneasy sleep; beating and throbbing in the left temple; dancing motes or black spots before the eyes; perspiration about the head; gloomy and melancholy; apt to sit silent, with folded hands and a sad, sombre look; full of care about domestic affairs; religious melancholy; fear of ghosts; great dread of men generally; irresolute; peevish or sullen; weeps a good deal. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every three hours. Nux Vomica.-Sadness, without being able to weep ; inward grief and chagrin; taciturn; great disposition for quiet and silence; anxiety, as if she were threatened with some misfortune; restless; attacks of palpitation after mid- night; reproachful and quarrelsome; very sensitive to any external impression, as noise, talking, strong odours, or bright light; music and singing take great and unusual effect; she cannot bear them, though usually very fond of both. Useful for dark, bilious temperaments, subject to constipation or piles. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every three hours. Scutellaria.-Is worthy a trial in special irritation and tenderness. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every three hours. Senecio. Nervous trembling; lassitude; sadness; giddi- ness; sensitiveness to cold air; restless sleep; many dreams; increased flow of urine; yawning; inclination to stretch; shivering; inability to fix the mind on any one object for any length of time. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every three hours. Sulphur. Nightly arrest of breathing, or suffocative attacks; frequent desire to pass urine; sense of weakness when talking; palpitation on going upstairs; pains across loins, wrenching or bruised; irritable; melancholy; de- pressed; tendency to weep and start; weakness of memory, especially for names; headache, with giddiness and nausea. Two grains, 6th trituration, every six hours. 176 CHANGE OF LIFE-FAINTING. Fainting and Exhaustion— Aconite.-Violent palpitation of the heart; congestion of blood to the head; buzzing in the ears; staring look; pale face; shivering, especially if the immediate cause be fright, or rising up from a recumbent position. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Arsenic.-Attended by, or the result of, excessive debility; persistent nausea; chilliness; thirst; neuralgia; the faint- ness or fainting fits return every other day; swelling of the face; violent, deep fainting fits. Two grains, 6th trituration, every six hours. Aletris Farinosa.—Excessive sensitiveness of nervous system; debility; exhaustion; intolerance of noise; anxiety; apprehension; lowness of spirits; singing and ringing in the ears; paleness of countenance; perspiration and fainting after the least exertion; the perspiration is chiefly seen on the neck, back, chest, and thighs; restless nights; the sleep is disturbed by dreams and startings. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every three hours. Cocculus.-Trembling, and paralysed feeling in all the limbs; want of vital energy; pain in the small of the back; paralytic weakness; spasmodic pains in ovaries or uterus, attended by nausea and vomiting. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Coffea. In fainting, where fright is the immediate cause, when Aconite does not relieve in highly sensitive persons. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every two hours. Conium.-Faint; chilly; headache and palpitation early in the morning, after waking; faintishness, as after an attack of fever; she has to remain in bed; after a meal, gaping, and pressure in the stomach. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Colocynth.-Lassitude in the limbs when walking in the CHANGE OF LIFE-FAINTING. 177 open air, as after a long journey; fainting fits, with coldness of the body; deadly swoon. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Carbo Vegetabilis.-Very useful in fainting fits, as the result of excessive "loss," or profuse menstruation; the faint- ness comes on after sleeping, on rising, or whilst yet in bed. Two grains, 3rd trituration, every two hours. Chamomilla.-Attacks attended by giddiness, dimness of sight, deafness, and qualmishness, especially when any powerful emotion is the immediate exciting cause. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every three hours. China. Faintings after loss of blood, after exhausting purgatives or diarrhoea, or after long-continued sitting-up at night; great mental exertion or want of sleep, telling upon a nervous system already tried by the change through which it is passing. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every three hours. Cactus.-General weakness, prostration, depression, and languor for many days; unable even to walk across the room; obliged to remain in bed; unable to rise from her seat; scarcely ventures to speak. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Digitalis. Fainting and swooning, preceded by inter- mittent pulse, where any sufferings incidental to "the change" are aggravated by an affection of the heart. (See also Cactus and Arsenic.) Two drops, 2nd dilution, every two hours. Ignatia. When some great cause of anxiety or grief, producing hysterical symptoms and fainting. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every two hours. Hyoscyamus.-Unusual sinking of strength; weakness; scarcely able to stand; constantly inclined to fall; trembling 178 CHANGE OF LIFE-FAINTING. of the whole body; great coldness of the extremities until fainting sets in-the fainting is death-like. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every two hours. Lachesis. Great desire to lie down, particularly after eating; great weakness, with pains in the stomach; weak- ness before breakfast; after eating, an unpleasant sensation from the pressure of the clothes, and fulness of the abdomen; palpitation, and dropping of the arms, after the least exer- tion; frequent fainting fits, particularly during breakfast, with nausea, vertigo, failure of sight, and frequent re- currence of the fits in the day-time, or coming on towards evening; with dying feeling of weakness, unquenchable thirst, dry mouth, and pale face; or fainting feeling, with cramp-like yawning; or frequent attacks of fainting every day, with nausea, difficult breathing, palpitation, and moist skin; with cold perspiration and trembling of the whole body. - Two drops, 30th dilution, every three hours. Nux Vomica.-Fainting after a meal, from having eaten too much, or from oppression at the stomach, although no more, and perhaps less, than usual has been taken; nausea; sparks before the eyes; the sight goes; pains in the stomach; anguish, trembling, and congestion of blood to the head or chest. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every two hours. Moschus.-Pains here and there, with shuddering, though the skin feels warm; general, excessive exhaustion; watering of the eyes; great weariness-scarcely able to stir; weakness unto fainting, with nightly coldness of the surface of the body; hysteric attacks of fainting; feeling of general illness and weakness, without being able to specify where particularly; faintings, succeeded by headache; also when they come on at night, in the evening, or in the open air. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every two hours. Phosphoric Acid.-Great agitation and restlessness; heat in the head, with icy coldness of the hands; perspira- CHANGE OF LIFE-PILES. 179 tion over the whole body, even when sitting; faint, despond- ing, and chilly; pale, wretched appearance, and sunken eyes. Fainting fits after a meal, when Nux Vomica does not relieve. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every three hours. Stramonium.-Fainting in the forenoon, with great paleness of the face; afterwards loss of appetite, and dryness of mouth; frequent faintings, occurring every day-for ex- ample, the patient falls suddenly, as if dead; the face pale; the pulse almost imperceptible; the fits continue a long time; the patient does not very readily come out of them. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every two hours. Veratrum Album.-Fainting after the least exertion— after even a slight movement-after a slight effort to relieve the bowels; or in case of those who have had, or are recover- ing from, a protracted illness, especially if they have been over-dosed by Quinine; attacks preceded by anguish and despondency. - Two drops, 3rd dilution, every two hours. Piles, or Hæmorrhoids.-Enlargements of the veins, and burning membrane of the lower bowel-a not infrequent concomitant of "the critical age of life;" attended by itch- ing, tickling, burning, smarting or shooting pains; fre- quently accompanied by constipation, pain in the back, loins, and lower part of the back; sometimes by flushes of heat; rushes of blood and congestion; severe colic and straining. They may appear singly, or in clusters, like a bunch of grapes: they may bleed, or remain congested, blue, and painful. When they bleed, they are called "flowing, or bleeding piles;" when they do not bleed, " blind piles." Aconite.-Bleeding, or white piles, or a continual dis- charge of white mucus from the anus; stitches and pressure; acute, often agonising, burning distress at the anus, as though boiling liquid were being poured over; fulness in the abdomen, with tense swelling, or the feeling of it; severe colic; pains in the small of the back, and bottom part of it, as if it were broken; sudden suppression of the hæmor- - 180 CHANGE OF LIFE-PILES. rhoidal discharge, followed by headache, backache, palpita- tion, violent colic, and difficulty of breathing. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every two hours. Æsculus.-For acute and long-standing cases; severe pain in anus, with feeling as if a portion were protruding; severe backache; hæmorrhoids like nuts, of a purple colour, very painful, and with a burning sensation; every attempt at relief, or any evacuation of any kind, is invariably fol- lowed by sensations of constriction, protrusion, fulness, aching, dryness, itching, pricking, straining, and pains. It has proved curative where patients have had piles for years. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every two hours. Aloes.-Piles, with flow of hot, blackish blood; heat in the bowels; heat and painful pressure in the liver; strain- ing, and hot, bilious stools; heat and flushes in the face and head. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Arsenicum.-Great debility and emaciation; burning discharge of blood; stitching pains in the piles; heat and restlessness; burning in all the veins; protrusion of the rectum; great pain; itching of the anus; feeling of rough- ness and soreness, as if the parts were excoriated; the piles are swollen and painful; or blind piles, which burn like fire, particularly at night, hindering sleep; in the day-time, the pain is stinging when walking, less when lying down. Two grains, 6th trituration, every three hours. Belladonna.-Pressure in the lower bowel; constipa- tion; inflation of the abdomen, and heat in the head; violent itching and contractive sensation; sudden stabbing pains in the lower bowel; the piles bleed considerably-the bleed- ing may last for several days; violent pains in the small of the back, as though it would break. Three drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Cactus. Constipation; feeling of great weight in the 1 CHANGE OF LIFE-PILES. 181 anus; great desire to pass a considerable quantity; nothing, however, passes; great itching and pricking; swollen varices outside, which cause much pain; great desire to pass water. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Calcarea. The piles distended, painful; considerable loss of blood during an evacuation; walking, or even a semi-liquid evacuation, gives pain; feeling as if the lower bowel were torn open; loud rumbling in the abdomen, and straining; or sudden stoppage of this discharge, followed by giddiness; falling down, with loss of consciousness; dulness of the head; violent pressive, stunning headache. Two grains, 6th trituration, every three hours. Carbo Vegetabilis.-Large bluish-black piles; stitching pains in the small of the back, and stiffness, and burning sensation; tearing in the limbs; constipation, or burning evacuations and discharge of blood; frequent tendency of blood to the head; bleeding of the nose; flatulence; slow action of the bowels; or for copious and burning discharge of mucus from the rectum. Two grains, 1st trituration, every three hours. Causticum.-Tingling, itching, and smarting of rectum after stool; soreness; oozing of moisture from anus; the veins are so enlarged and painful as to hinder relief of the bowels. Two drops, 6th dilution, every three hours. Chamomilla.-Both for blind and flowing piles, with constipation or pinching; colic, and light-coloured evacua- tions; itching pain at the anus, following diarrhoea, smell- ing like rotten eggs, or burning, corrosive, yellowish, or green and watery, with mucus, preceded by colic; the piles are inflamed, and the edges of the anus cracked and ulce- rated; compressive pains in the abdomen; tearing pains in small of the back, especially at night. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every two hours. Collinsonia. Obstinate piles; habitual constipation; distressing pains; there may be alternate constipation and 182 CHANGE OF LIFE-PILES. diarrhoea; the flow from the piles continuous, though never at one time profuse. Very useful in those who have habit- ually had painful menstruation and leucorrhoea; the diar- rhoea is attended with nausea. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every three hours. Dioscorea. Piles as large as cherries, either the colour of the lining of the rectum, or livid dark-blue; obstinate con- stipation; the relief dark, dry, hard, and lumpy, with pro- trusion of the rectum. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every three hours. Ferrum. Bleeding piles; much pressing in the rectum; general, cachectic, debilitated appearance; pulse full and hard, jerking, and rather slow; constipation alternating with diarrhoea. Two grains, 2nd trituration, every three hours. Graphites.-Burning sensation and soreness between the piles; burning, painful cracks; protrusion of rectum; burn- ing and violent bearing-down every day; little blood is dis- charged. Two grains, 6th trituration, every six hours. Hepar Sulphuris.-Clay-coloured stool, with bearing down, straining, and weakness, little being passed at a time; discharge of excoriating liquid and blood; protrusion of the piles; rumbling. Two grains, 3rd trituration, every three hours. Hamamelis.-Painful bleeding piles; burning and itch- ing, fulness, soreness, and rawness of the anus; weariness and weakness in back, as though it would break; loss of blood generally profuse. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every three hours. Hydrastis. Painful piles; headache and obstinate con- stipation; severe smarting and burning pains in the rectum during and for some hours after the bowels are relieved; and colic, with faintness. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. CHANGE OF LIFE-PILES. 183 1 Ignatia.-Piles, with prolapsus of the lower bowel; ulcerated hæmorrhoidal tumours; violent stitches in the. rectum; itching and creeping at the anus; copious discharge of blood; sore, contractive pain in the rectum; frequent ineffectual efforts at relief of the bowels, and discharges of blood-streaked mucus; uterine spasms; pain relieved by pressure and lying down. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every three hours. Ipecacuanha.-Piles, accompanied by difficulty of pass- ing water; lowness of spirits; brooding disposition; nausea; considerable loss of blood; stinging, cutting, burning pain; prickings at the anus; generally diarrhoea. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Leptandria. Piles, with constipation and frequent hæmorrhage; distressing pain in the lower part of the back, or diarrhoea, with discharge of membrane in shreds and patches; sometimes complete tubular casts. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every three hours. Lobelia.-Piles, with copious discharge of blood, and con- sequent debility; great tightness at the pit of the stomach, and acidity; feeling of want of power in the anus and rectum, excessively troublesome and annoying at every relief of the bowels. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every three hours. Lycopodium.-Piles, with prolapsus of rectum and hæmorrhage; protrusion of distended piles, notwithstanding the loss of blood; itching, aching, and burning pains in rectum and anus; the piles are painful when sitting; spasms; bearing down upon the rectum, with labour-like pains in the small of the back; cutting in the rectum and bladder. Two grains, 6th trituration, every three hours. Muriatic Acid.-Piles inflamed, swollen, bluish, with swelling of the anus; sore pains; violent stitches, and great sensitiveness and pain when pressing on them. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. 0 184 CHANGE OF LIFE-PILES. Nitric Acid.-Swollen and painful piles, with loss of blood at every relief of the bowels; violent pressure down the back when standing; pain and prickling; swelling and burning; the piles protrude continually. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every three hours. Nux Vomica. For both blind and bleeding piles, from the abuse of spirituous drinks, from a sedentary life, or pressure on the rectum; they are inflamed; excessive dis- charge of blood after every relief of the bowels; spasmodic stricture of the rectum, with burning and itching; stitches and shocks in the small of the back; bruised pain; the patient is unable to raise herself up; or frequent constipa- tion; ineffectual urging, as if the anus were closed or con- stricted; frequent tendency of blood to the head or abdo- men; distension of stomach; heaviness of the head; giddi- ness and inability to think; suppression or retention of urine. Three drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Podophyllum.-Piles from portal congestion; constant pain in the loins; worse during, and particularly after, an evacuation; the piles are external, sometimes bleeding and sometimes "blind." Aloes very much resembles Podophyl- lum. Suitable to bilious subjects, who suffer from sickness, giddiness, bitter taste and rising, a tendency to bilious vomiting and purging; the urine is dark; constipation; depression of spirits. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every three hours. Pulsatilla.-Blind or bleeding; burning, painful sore- ness felt both during rest and motion; pain in the small of the back; ailments from suppression of the piles; alternate diarrhoea and constipation; pain in abdomen; colicky pain and flatulence; chilliness in the back; pressure in the pit of the stomach, and in the rectum and anus when standing. Three drops, 2nd dilution, every three hours. Sulphur.-Piles, with alternate constipation and dis- charge of blood-streaked mucus; feeling of soreness in the CHANGE OF LIFE-CHILLS. 185 anus; itching and stitches; frequent tendency of blood to the head; palpitation of the heart; vascular system is easily disturbed; throbbing in the whole abdomen; anguish ; oppression after the least emotion; weak digestion; sup- pression or painful discharge of urine; bleeding, burning, and frequent protrusion of the piles. Three grains, 6th trituration, every three hours. Veratrum Viride.-Piles, attended by neuralgic pains. in the anus and rectum; the piles are in constant pain; sometimes red, and in other instances dark blue; evacuations from the bowels natural and regular. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every three hours. Chills and Heats- Arsenicum.-General coldness; parchment-like dryness. of the skin; or profuse perspiration; or alternation of dry- ness and perspiration on the hands, feet, and abdomen; great languor; weakness and trembling; tearing pains in the bones and limbs; and a good deal of stretching, giddi- ness, humming in the ears, and fainting. Two grains, 6th dilution, every three hours. China.-Internal coldness, with shuddering and shaking in the afternoon or evening, followed by heat and perspira- tion at night; during the chilliness, headache and nausea; absence of thirst; giddiness; congestion of blood to the head; paleness of the face; after the chilliness, thirst; during the heat, dryness of the mouth and lips, with burning redness of the face, headache, and excessive hunger. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every three hours. Sudden suppression of the monthly discharge at this period of life, attended by any unusual or painful symptoms, must be treated on the principles laid down for the treatment of suppression of menstruation. The same remarks apply to leucorrhoea, or abundant or excessive white discharge. General Rules.-As at the commencement of menstrua- tion or puberty, so at the cessation of this function, it is 02 186 CHANGE OF LIFE-DIET. necessary to observe more than ordinary caution, to exercise some considerable self-denial, and to live by rule. There should be the less reason for strongly enforcing this, see- ing that mature judgment ought at once to recognise and discharge the duties. demanded. In proportion as this is done, will suffering and inconvenience be avoided. Daily, out-door, walking exercise, whenever practicable; strictly regular hours. Crowded parties, large assemblies, and all undue excitement, must be avoided. The diet must be simple, and easy of digestion; all rich and highly-seasoned dishes must be abstained from; very little, if any, pastry. taken; and as to stimulants and strong tea, they are much better dispensed with. A dose of the selected medicine when faint feelings come on, will equal in relief, and be much better in every way, than a glass of wine or a teaspoonful of brandy. The consequences both to individuals and families, which have resulted from having had recourse, under what was conceived to be a necessity, to stimulants, have been most lamentable. Oysters taken without bread, pepper, or vinegar, will sometimes agree, in irritability of the stomach and dyspepsia, when nothing else will. 187 PART II. AFFECTIONS OF THE GENERATIVE ORGANS. CHAPTER I. AFFECTIONS OF THE EXTERNAL ORGANS. INFLAMMATION, ERYSIPELAS, AND ABSCESS OF THE VULVA; VARICOSE VEINS OF; PRURITUS, OR TROUBLESOME ITCHING OF; NYMPHOMANIA ; SKIN DISEASES OF; ULCERS OF; WARTY EXCRESCENCES OF; NEURALGIA OF; TUMOURS OF; CANCER OF. THE vulva, or external organs, are liable to injuries from falls, blows, or violence. In child-birth, the left labia, especially in first confinements, is often injured, and frequently swells to a considerable size: the inflammation, bruising, and swelling resulting from which may be relieved by Aconite every two hours, and bathing, in the first instance, with warm Arnica lotion, followed by tepid compresses of the same. Strips of soft lawn or lint, dipped in the same, must be inserted if there is any danger of adhesion. Where Arnica is liable to produce erysipelas, Calendula may be substituted, if the bruising is not extensive; and when it is, Bellis, or the common daisy, may be used without any possible incon- venience, and equal benefit. Inflammation of the vulva may arise spontaneously, may be simple in its nature, and soon pass off; it may be followed. by the formation of matter, and form an abscess; it may leave a circumscribed hardness, or it may be erysipelatous in its character from the first. It is usually slight, unless neglected or aggravated by want of cleanliness. It is met with as a form of leucorrhoea, or a symptom of disease of the neck or body of the womb; is most frequently, however, caused by cold, by sitting on cold or damp seats; it may be a symptom of debility, of disorder of the digestive 188 INFLAMMATION AND ERYSIPELAS OF VULVA. functions, or may follow low fevers, or be an accompaniment of worms in the lower bowel. Aconite. Inflammation of the vulva, with burning, stinging, and shooting pains. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every two hours. Belladonna.-Throbbing, cutting, pressing tearing, and drawing pain. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Mercurius. The pains intermittent, aggravated by the warmth of the bed, decreased by a cooler temperature; general languid, worn-out feeling; terrible itching, increased after urination; obliged to wash to get relief. One grain, 6th trituration, every four hours. Nux Vomica.-Burning, itching, pricking, attended by derangement of the digestion, and constipation. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Sepia.-Inflammatory swelling, with humid itching; erup- tion on the inner labia; soreness and redness. Two grains, 6th trituration, every four hours. Sulphur. Inflammation, with burning pain, sometimes accompanied by itching; pains in the limbs; weakness and numbness. Two grains, 6th trituration, every four hours. Veratrum Viride.-Heat and redness (erythema); ting- ling, prickling, and vesication; small blebs or blisters. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every two or three hours. Apis.-Erysipelatous swelling; prickling, burning, sting- ing pain; shining redness and puffy infiltration. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every two or three hours. Rhus.-Darkish erysipelatous inflammation; vesicles; some constitutional prostration and debility. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. } small INFLAMMATION AND ABSCESS OF VULVA. 189 Arsenic. Apt to assume a low type, followed by ulcera- tion; offensive discharge, or dark patches. Two grains, 6th trituration, every six hours. G Baptisia.-Discharge of a fetid odour, dirty colour, and excoriating. Internally, and by lotion or injection, or gly- cerole. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Hydrastis.-Erysipelatous inflammation, followed by obstinate ulceration or mucous leucorrhoea; considerable debility; disorder of the digestive functions; and, generally, some ulceration or abrasion of the mouth of the womb; aphthous spots on the labia. Internally, and as a lotion, injection, or glycerole. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every three hours. Cantharis.-Very frequent desire to pass water; cutting, burning pain, or passing a few drops; inability to pass more than a few drops; burning in the vulva. The action of Cantharides may be greatly aided by hot wet sponges. Two drops, 6th dilution, every three hours. Bryonia.-Inflammation of the labia, leaving a swelling, and a black, hard pustule of some considerable size. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Abscess of the Vulva.-Inflammation, as elsewhere, is fre- quently followed by the formation and discharge of matter. The course of the abscess is generally rapid; it may range in size from that of a nut to that of a hen's egg. Belladonna.-Throbbing very persistent and trouble- some; the swelling continuing of a deep red colour. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Arnica.-The swelling assuming a darker hue, but remarkably sore and tender. Three drops, 3rd dilution, every two hours. Hepar.-Alone or in alternation with either of the fore- • 190 INFLAMMATION OF VULVA. going, to prevent, or, when inevitable, hasten the suppuration and discharge. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Aid by hot fomentation with a sponge, spongio-piline, or cloths wrung out of hot water, whilst the abscess is maturing, and for some little time after, to promote a thorough discharge. In children, inflammation of the vulva principally arises from want of cleanliness, or the presence of worms; it sometimes causes adhesion of the vulva, which require very careful separation, lint being introduced after smeared with Calendula Cerate. It is also followed by Intertrigo, or Chafing, extending from the vulva, on either side, into the fold of the thigh, and some little way down. In very fat, scrofulous children this affection may prove obstinate, and the inflammation be considerable; the parts become raw, and there is a bad-smelling discharge. For the leucorrhoea of children-frequently an occasion of alarm and anxiety to parents-cleanliness, in the shape of frequent washings with warm water, is absolutely demanded. It may be white or yellow it proceeds from the front of the genitals; and may result from weakness, or the irritation of worms or teething. Calcarea, of the 6th trituration, night and morning for a week or fortnight, will be all that is necessary. : Two grains for a dose. For the thread-worms, or ascarides, give Mercurius at night, and Cina in the morning. For the chafing, Chamo- milla as an internal medicine, two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours, and Causticum Lotion, a teaspoonful, 2nd dilu- tion, to four ounces of water, will usually be all that is required. In more obstinate cases, Hydrastis internally, and applied as a lotion or glycerole; or thin, tepid oatmeal gruel. Varicose Veins of the Vulva.-The vascular nature of the substance of the external organs predisposes to enlargement of the external veins, varices, or varicose veins, which should be treated in the same way here as they are on the legs or thighs. Their colour, accompanying and constitutional VARICOSE VEINS OF VULVA. 191 symptoms, seasons, and causes of aggravation, must all be taken into consideration. Whenever they occur, and what- ever the exciting cause-pregnancy for example-a constitu- tional tendency usually exists, which accounts for the insuffi- ciency of purely surgical operations for the cure, either for varicose veins or piles. Varicose veins of the vulva are sometimes found co-existing with piles; when Collinsonia, two drops, 2nd dilution, every four hours internally, and a lotion externally, will apply. Should they prove obstinate under this treatment, administer Nux Vomica and Sulphur. Nux Vomica, two drops, 2nd dilution, twice in the day; Sulphur, two grains, 6th trituration, at night. For varicose veins of the vulva, when existing alone- Arnica. They are very sore, with a bruised feeling. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every four hours. Arsenicum. They burn like fire; general debility. Two grains, 6th trituration, every six hours. Carbo Vegetabilis.-Attended by painful discharge of urine; complete suppression. Two grains, 3rd trituration, every three hours. Causticum.-Much worse when walking. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every four hours. Ferrum.-In weakly people, with fiery red face. Two grains, 2nd trituration, every four hours. Graphites.-They itch, and have little pimples on them; itching patches on different parts of the body. Two grains, 6th trituration, every six hours. Hamamelis. Pricking pains; hard, knotty, swollen, and painful. Internally, and externally as a lotion. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every four hours. Fluoric Acid.-Varices of long standing. Two drops, 6th dilution, every twelve hours. Lycopodium.-Very serviceable when the urine deposits 192 PRURITUS, OR ITCHING OF THE VULVA. red sand; constipation; rumbling and croaking in the bowels. Two grains, 6th trituration, every six hours. Intolerable itching, or pruritus of the vulva, more or less attends some of the cutaneous affections to which the genital organs are subject. It may be produced by leucorrhoea; by irregular menstruation; by worms and piles, or varicose veins; it has been caused by diabetes. It may be felt by the young, or by women about the change of life. It may appear to arise spontaneously. There is almost constant, insupportable, uncontrollable itching, driving the patient well-nigh distracted, and totally unfitting her for ordinary society, as the desire to scratch the parts cannot be resisted, though she tears herself until she bleeds. Sexual excitement is sometimes superadded. Bad as it is during the day, the irritation is rather worse at night. In these severe cases, examination often reveals little to account for so persistent and troublesome an affliction, beyond slightly elevated papillæ, and somewhat increased redness and heat, in the production of which, violent rubbing and scratching have had much to do. An aphthous or cankerous condition of the lining membrane may be detected; and sometimes con- gestion and ulceration, or even cancer, of the mouth or neck of the womb in fact, almost every affection of the womb and genital organs has been set down as producing pruritus. It no doubt, however, exists as a purely nervous affection. With some it is a frequent accompaniment of pregnancy, and often of inflammation of the vagina. In this distressing malady, the first step is, as far as possible, to discover the cause which is operating to produce it, as, with the relief of this, the removal of the troublesome itching will be effected. When all other treatment is unavailing, the administration of a medicine adapted to meet purely constitutional symptoms is sometimes speedily efficacious. : Aconite. With burning, tingling, prickling, crawling, stinging, shooting pains; discharge of purulent mucus and blood from the vagina. Internally, two drops, 2nd dilution, every two hours; and by lotion, in- jection, or glycerole. PRURITUS, OR ITCHING OF THE VULVA. 193 Baptisia.-Mucous membrane white, with reddish points or papillæ here and there; edges red and shining. Internally, two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours; locally, a tea- spoonful to four ounces of water. Borax.-Aphthous state of mucous membrane; white patches here and there, easily bleeding. Internally, two grains, 3rd trituration, every four hours; and, topically, one ounce to half a pint of water. Caulophyllum.-Aphthous condition, with menstrual irregularities and leucorrhoea. Internally and locally, two drops, 2nd dilution, every four hours. Collinsonia.-Painful menstruation; most obstinate constipation; prolapsus or falling of the womb; inveterate itching and irritation, especially if there be piles in addi- tion. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every three hours. Cornus Circinata.-Pruritus and aphtha, or small ul- cerations, with heightened sexual feelings, in emaciated, scro- fulous subjects. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Cantharides.-Burning in the vulva; violent itching in the vagina; pressure on the neck of the bladder; frequent urging and effort, a few drops only being passed. Two drops, 6th dilution, every two hours. Carbo Vegetabilis.-Violent itching, preventing sleep at night, unattended by eruption. Two grains, 3rd trituration, every three hours. Conium. Tingling, creeping, smarting, burning, itching -relieved by scratching, but soon returning. Adapted for the nervous or sub-acute affection. Specially in weak and languid persons subject to glandular swellings. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Calcarea. Stinging, burning, tearing, throbbing, itch- - 194 PRURITUS, OR ITCHING OF THE VULVA. F ing, with pimples; irritation worse in an evening and in bed. For persons with an unhealthy, readily-ulcerated skin; even trifling wounds fester and do not heal. Two grains, 6th trituration, every six hours. Hamamelis.-Acute inflammation or violent contrac- tions of the vagina; smarting, burning sensation, followed by intense itching; leucorrhoea scanty; highly-coloured urine, with scalding; piles are sometimes present. Internally, two drops, 2nd dilution, every two hours; and locally, by glycerole or lotion. Hydrastis. When epithelial abrasion and superficial ulceration of the mouth and neck of the womb or vagina are present, with an erysipelatous rash; patches of white mem- brane; itching and chafing; leucorrhoea; considerable de- bility, and disorder of the digestive functions. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every three hours. Kali Carb.-Violent prickling, burning, itching; the parts become easily bruised by scratching; pulsation of all the arteries down to the ends of the toes, and violent orgasm of the blood, especially in the evening. Two grains, 3rd trituration, every three hours. Kreosote.-Itching so violent towards evening, that it nearly drives her mad; an irresistible desire to scratch, fol- lowed by burning; uneasiness of the whole body; frequent yawning; voluptuous itching deep in the vagina, followed by smarting, swelling, and heat of the external parts, with soreness of the vagina when passing urine. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Mercurius.-Leucorrhoea, especially in a an evening, greenish, causing smarting in the fore-part of the genitals, obliging her to scratch; the scratching brings on a violent. burning, with pleasurable sensation. Two grains, 6th trituration, every three hours. Nitric Acid.-Violent itching; she is almost beside her- IRRITATION OF THE SEXUAL ORGANS. 195 self; the parts bleed when scratched, followed by pricking, stinging, shooting, and smarting; palpitation; trembling of the limbs; fetid, cherry-coloured, or greenish leucorrhoea immediately after the menses. Two drops, 6th dilution, every three hours. Opium.-Violent burning, stinging, itching, with small round elevations; the labia are of a pale-bluish colour. Adapted for cases brought on or aggravated by a free use of spirituous liquors or strong wines. Two drops, 6th dilution, every three hours. Platina.-Voluptuous tingling; oppressive anxiety and palpitation; sexual excitement. W Two drops, 30th dilution, every six hours. Sepia. Swelling, humid itching of the inner labia; sore- ness and redness between the genitals and rectum, and between the thighs; prolapsus of vagina and uterus; in- duration of the neck of the womb; acrid leucorrhoea ; sen- sation as if the pudenda were much larger than usual. Two grains, 6th trituration, every three hours. Staphysagria.-Stinging itching of the pudenda and vagina; painful sensitiveness and spasmodic pains; vesicles or minute blisters, with a biting sore pain when touched; the whole body feels painful as if weak and bruised. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every three hours. Sulphur.-Itching in the vagina from time to time, with troublesome itching of the pudenda, with pimples all around; painless vesicles on the outer parts; burning in the vagina, so that she is scarcely able to sit still; inflammation of one of the labia, with burning pain; smarting leucorrhoea. Two grains, 6th trituration, every four hours, Thuja.-Itching of the pudenda: they feel sore and smarting, swell, are painful and burning when walking or touching them; burning and smarting in the vagina when walking or sitting; the patient is prevented from falling 196 NYMPHOMANIA. - asleep; congestion from piles, with stinging, burning pains at orifice of rectum. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Veratrum Viride.-Tingling, prickling, with hyper- sensitiveness and pain; oppression of the chest, and nausea, may also be present. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Nymphomania.-An intense, almost uncontrollable, sex- ual excitement, so strong as to tempt, and sometimes to lead, the patient to set aside all restraints of modesty and decency. As a concomitant of the affection just treated, it is sometimes unhappily met with in the single; and in the married during pregnancy. In some cases it is to be feared this maddening irritation is induced and maintained by the habit of self-indulgence, and stimulation of sexual excitement, which may not only produce such pitiable exhibitions and behaviour as that which characterises the nymphomaniac, but lead to con- firmed epilepsy or idiotcy. Agaric. Excessive itching, and sexual excitement, ac- companied by profuse menstruation. Two drops, 1st dilution, every two hours. Arsenic.-Irritation and excitement, attended by inflam- mation of the parts, or profuse menstruation, or chronic ulce- ration of the womb; general debility and cachexia; thirst; restlessness; sleep disturbed by dreams. Two grains, 6th trituration, every four hours. Belladonna.-Throbbing headache; stitches through the brain; delirium; furious, ludicrous, or muttering; flushed face; menstrual irregularity; bearing-down of the womb; ulceration or induration, especially when manifesting itself in lying-in women. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every three hours. Caulophyllum.-The irritation is of a reflex character, with general tremulousness, especially if an aphthous condi- NYMPHOMANIA. 197 excitement. tion of the vagina or pudenda generally be present; men- strual irregularities, or displacement of the womb. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every two hours. Cypripedium.-Intense, purely nervous irritation and Two drops, 3rd dilution, every two hours. Cannabis Sativa.-Great excitation of the sexual in- stinct; vehemently angry, so that she spits in people's faces, or is partly merry and partly serious; restless, anxious sleep. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every two hours. Cantharis. In the last stage of the disease, continual manifestation of sexual frenzy, and utter loss of shame; frequent urination, with cutting, burning pain may, in some cases, be present. Two drops, 6th dilution, every three hours. Carbo Vegetabilis.-Irritation and voluptuous itching of both the vagina and the extremity of the rectum; varicose veins; eructations of flatulence, affording only temporary relief. Two grains, 3rd trituration, every two hours. China.-Troublesome itching and irritation, with bloody, serous leucorrhoea; occasional clots of black blood, or fetid purulent matter; spasmodic contraction of the inner parts. In lying-in women, or when attended by painless indurations of the neck of the womb. Three drops, 3rd dilution, every two hours. Coffea.-Nymphomania of the lighter sort, with volup- tuous itching, profuse secretion of mucus, and frequent discharges of blood. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every two hours. Cocculus.-In chlorotic females; nausea, with faintness; menstrual irregularity; anguish; oppression at the chest; 198 NYMPHOMANIA. spasms at the chest, and jerking of the limbs; shivering sensation over the breasts. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every two hours. Conium.-Violent and excessive irritation, coming on immediately after the menstrual period; pressing downwards of the womb; dwindling of the breasts; urgent desire to urinate as often as every half-hour; passing it is accompanied by pain. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every hour. Digitalis. Excited sexual desire; lewd dreams and tancies; pulse very slow; continual inclination to pass urine, but a little only every time; diarrhoea, and often small maw-worms (ascarides) are passed. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every two hours. Hyoscyamus.-Excited sexual desire, accompanied by itching of the genitals and the skin of the body generally; almost convulsive trembling of the hands and feet; im- moderate loud laughter; loss of modesty and shame; she tries to uncover herself. S Two drops, 3rd dilution, every two hours. Lachesis.-Tickling, jerking, extended from the thighs to the sexual organs, which swell up; sexual excitement and delight, succeeded by a spasmodic contraction in the uterus, which afterwards passes to the right side of the abdomen and the chest, accompanied by heat; oppressive anxiety, and tickling under the skin, from the anus to the region of the kidneys, and between the shoulders. Two drops, 30th dilution, every three hours. Moschus.-Violent sexual desire, with intolerable titil- lation; palpitation of the heart, and anxiety. Two drops, 1st dilution, every two hours. Opium.-Amorous fancies; lasciviousness and mania; very sleepy, but cannot sleep; constipation. Three drops, 6th dilution, every two hours. NYMPHOMANIA. 199 Phosphorus. In pregnant women, weak empty feeling in abdomen; spasms and cutting pains. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Platina. Excessive sexual desire, particularly in lying-in females; voluptuous tingling in the pudendum and abdomen; oppressive anxiety; palpitation; pressure on the genital organs, with a relaxed feeling; headache; restlessness and weeping. Two drops, 30th dilution, every four hours. Sabina.-Pleasurable sexual excitement; heavy feeling in the abdomen; profuse menses; swelling of the breasts; leucorrhoea. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Stramonium.-Loss of consciousness; hot head; dark- red face; dilated pupils; copious running of saliva from the mouth; grinding of the teeth; trembling and anguish. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every two hours. Sulphur.-Troublesome excitement of the whole of the genital organs; menstrual irregularities; smarting leucor- rhoea. Two grains, 6th trituration, every six hours. Veratrum Album.-In lying-in females, and where it arises from an unreciprocated attachment; mania, with lewdness and lascivious speeches; great thirst; debility; vomiting and diarrhoea. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every hour. Zinc.-Repeated and frequent sexual excitement in the course of even a single night, not as the result or continua- tion of dreams; varices of pudendum sometimes appear; relief on the flow of the menses. Two grains, 6th trituration, every twelve hours. The diet must be perfectly unstimulating and plain; no stimulants of any kind, not even tea or coffee; no rich food; P 200 NYMPHOMANIA-DROPSY OF THE VULVA. no seasoning of any sort, not even pepper. Regular hours a life out of doors; something to live for; something to do worthy the doing. Patient must sleep on a hair or spring mattress, with light covering. Cold dripping sheet every morning; and cold sitting baths several times a day, for two minutes at a time. 1 Edema, or Dropsy of the Vulva.-This affection is almos invariably an accompaniment of dropsy of some other part o the body. If quite local, give— Apis. Shiny red swelling, with intense stinging pain. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every three hours. Arsenic.-Swelling pale, with burning sensation; patient debilitated and weak. Two grains, 6th trituration, every twelve hours. Cutaneous or Skin Affections of Vulva.-The skin affec- tions to which the vulva and parts adjoining are liable, are Eczema, Herpes, Lichen, and Pustules. They may be re- garded as local manifestations of constitutional disturbance, or taint, aggravated by the natural tenderness of the parts, the unavoidable irritation to which they are exposed, and the irritating nature of the urine, often increased by leu- corrhoeal discharge; or they are but the outward sign of some internal affection. JUD Eczema.-An inflammation, followed by a cluster of small vesicles; the contents of which are either absorbed, or consti- tute patches of rawness or excoriation, attended by more or less watery or serous exudation, which may form their flakes or thicker crusts. It may arise from a chill, as from a draught, sitting on damp grass, wearing damp clothes, change of clothing at the change of the seasons, errors in diet, the use of spirituous liquors, or wine containing a large propor- tion of spirit; it sometimes accompanies deranged menstrua- tion, or uterine affection; may be caused by irritant leu- corrhoea, or follow child-birth, as one of its numerous attendants: the state of the urine in rheumatic patients, or those who inherit such tendency, sometimes accounts for it. Aconite.-Tingling, itching, burning, stinging soreness; ECZEMA OF THE EXTERNAL ORGANS. 201 vesicles filled with serum or acrid fluid; redness and in- flammation of the parts; rheumatic pains. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every two hours. Arsenicum.-Eruption like millet-seeds; watery exu- dation, or attended by scales like bran, or larger patches; pains burning, with itching-apt to return at stated intervals. Specially adapted to the weak and debilitated, subject to thirst and despondency. Two grains, 6th trituration, every twelve hours. Borax.-White pimples, the size of hemp-seed, sur- mounted by inflammation; whitish patches of thin mem- brane here and there, or a generally unhealthy skin. Two grains, 3rd trituration, every four hours. Clematis.-Vesicular pustules, which itch excessively in bed after washing or urination; heat, redness, and swelling; corrosive exudation. Adapted to relieve long-standing inve- terate eruptions. Three drops, 2nd dilution, every four hours. Causticum.-Great heat, redness, tenderness, and smart- ing; considerable corrosive exudation, affecting genitals, and extending to the folds of the thighs. Two drops, 6th dilution, every four hours. Comocladia.-Violent itching, burning, redness, and swelling; followed by yellow vesicles. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every four hours. Dulcamara. Small itching pimples, forming a crust, or drying off like bran. Specially when resulting from cold or damp. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Iris Versicolor.-Vesicles gradually forming; pustules, which dry up and leave a crust from the exudation of lymph underneath the scab; it looks red, and bleeds if the crust is removed. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every six hours. P 2 202 ECZEMA OF THE VULVA. Chamomilla.-Eczema, followed by excoriation or raw- ness; the nervous system is very sensitive and irritable, and the digestive organs deranged. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every four hours. China. Skin painful and sensitive, with itching; ex- coriations; fetid ichor, or exudation. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every four hours. Graphites.-Chronic dryness of the skin, cracking; red- ness, soreness, and irritation; the skin generally unhealthy; menstruation deficient. Two grains, 6th trituration, every twelve hours. Juglans. Eczema, with heat of skin; crawling sensa- tions; chilliness; the discharge is thick and offensive; crusts form, which are hard, and of some extent. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every four hours. Mercurius. Troublesome itching at intervals; irresisti- ble desire to scratch until the parts bleed; the scratching imparts a very pleasurable sensation; peeling of the skin where the eruption has been, or watery, acrid humour; yellow complexion. Two grains, 6th trituration, every twelve hours. Petroleum. The affected parts are painful, sensitive even to the touch of the ordinary clothes; itching, moist, sore spots; unhealthy skin generally. Two drops, 6th dilution, every six hours. Phosphoric Acid.-Red spots or patches, dry or moist; itching, crawling sensation, or burning, smarting; excoria- tion in the groins. Specially in patients suffering as well. from nervous debility. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Pulsatilla. Eczema, with an unusual quantity of exuda- tion, muco-purulent in its nature, attended by unusual leu- corrhoea, or menstrual irregularity. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every four hours. ERUPTIONS ON THE GENITAL ORGANS. 203 Ranunculus.-Chiefly applies to a persistent, horny scurf, or dry exudation. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every six hours. Rhus.—Burning, itching, crawling sensation; vesicles of small size, with redness, or running one into the other; and when arising from getting wet, or a chill, as through bathing in cold water. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every four hours. Sarsaparilla.-Burning, itching eczema, extending down the inside of the thighs and on to the abdomen. Useful in a gouty or rheumatic constitution; frequent desire to urinate; scanty emission. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every four hours. Sepia. Scurfy or humid eczema, with soreness or itch- ing; excoriation; swelling of the glands of the groin. Two grains, 6th trituration, every six hours. Sulphur.-Stinging, burning vesicles of small size, with red margins; sensation of creeping and prickling; thick yellow scurf; excoriation; swelling of the glands. Two grains, 6th trituration, every twelve hours. M Herpes. An inflammation of the vascular rete of the skin, occurring in irregular patches, on which vesicles appear of a semi-globular form, filled at first with a clear fluid, which becomes turbid, and afterwards dries in thin scabs; it is attended by tingling; sometimes by severe neuralgic pain. It may terminate in deep painful ulcers. Generally the result of digestive derangement, cold, or mental perturba- tion. Familiar examples are afforded by the eruption and small blisters which form near the lips after a cold, and by shingles. Alnus Rubra.-Herpes of an obstinate chronic cha- racter, showing itself in scrofulous subjects. Internally, and externally as lotion-a teaspoonful to four ounces of water. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every four hours. 204 ERUPTIONS ON THE GENITAL ORGANS. Calcarea. Great heat, thirst, and little appetite; large elevated patches of eruption of the size of small peas, or scurfy places on the thighs, burning at night; the ulcers which form do not show a disposition to heal; small wounds have matter in them, and do not heal; itching of the nates and the back part of the thighs; anxious trembling, with languor. Or the eruption may appear to get well, then sud- denly to return, and that repeatedly. Two grains, 6th trituration, every twelve hours. S Aralia.-Herpetic eruption, caused by the taking of Mer- cury in Allopathic doses; or for old, indolent, offensive ulcers. Internally and externally. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every six hours. Arsenic. Herpes having a red, unwholesome appearance, attended by burning, especially at night. Two grains, 6th trituration, every twelve hours. Cistus Canadensis.-Excessively painful tingling or itching; swelling of the glands of the groins. Adapted for scrofulous subjects. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every four hours. Clematis.-Tendency to spread; or when followed by scales; or when attended by yellowish corrosive discharge; or chronic, red, moist herpes, with intolerable itching from the warmth of the bed, or after washing. Specially after Mer- cury. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every four hours. Conium.-White transparent pimples, filled with an acrid humour, which form crusts, accompanied by local, fetid, smarting perspiration; chronic herpes, humid or crusty, and burning. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every four hours. Dulcamara.-Stinging, burning, itching feeling, as of the rapid crawling of insects, necessitating violent scratch- ERUPTIONS ON THE GENITAL ORGANS. 205 ing, which at first increases the itching, but ultimately causes it to disappear. Herpes caused by cold or damp. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every four hours. Graphites.-Itching of the parts; scratching of the vesi- cles; evanescent herpes going and returning; the herpes assumes the form of an inflammatory swelling; a generally unhealthy skin. Two grains, 6th trituration, every twelve hours. Juglans. Herpes, like that which appears on the lips after a cold, attended by a crawling sensation and chilliness; or of an obstinate nature; or followed by ulcers. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every four hours. Lycopodium.-Insufferable prickling, tingling, itching, in small patches, or insensible, yellowish-brown, shrivelled herpes. Two grains, 6th trituration, every twelve hours. Petroleum.-Inveterate ulcers, following herpes; un- healthy skin. sleep. Two drops, 6th dilution, every twelve hours. Phytolacca.-Herpes, with intense itching, preventing Two drops, 3rd dilution, every four hours. Podophyllum.-Minute vesicles, at first filled with a serous fluid, which rapidly change to a whitish or yellowish hue, the superficial inflammation being quite severe. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every six hours. Sepia. Great tendency to spread; brown-red, herpetic spots; scurfy, humid herpes, with itching and burning. Two grains, 6th trituration, every twelve hours. Rhus. Burning itching, with redness and swelling of the parts; the vesicles are yellowish, or filled with milky or watery fluid, and continue moist, or they dry up rapidly, and scale off in a few days. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. 206 ERUPTIONS ON THE GENITAL ORGANS. Sulphur. Formication, or disagreeable creeping itching; it itches and burns violently after scratching. Two grains, 6th trituration, every twelve hours. Lichen. An eruption of pimples, attended by some vas- cular congestion or redness, infiltration, dryness, and itch- ing. In appearance it is as though an ordinary goose- fleshed condition of the skin had turned red, and remained So. It is caused by over-heating and acrid discharge, or by debility, as from over-suckling, or long-continued, exhaustive discharge. Arsenic.-Burning itching, creeping and pricking, and on the thighs and loins; parchment-like dryness, coldness, and blueness of the skin. Two grains, 6th trituration, every twelve hours. Chamomilla.-Thick clusters of red pimples on a red surface; itching, especially at night, and somewhat smart- ing; extreme irritability and sensitiveness of the nervous system, occasionally shuddering. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. China.-Lichen, succeeding to itching and scratching; biting, itching sensation; bleeding after scratching; nervous sensibility, with a morbid feeling of general weakness, and painful weariness of the limbs. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every four hours. Dulcamara.-Small, slight-itching pimples, with dry- ness, heat, and burning of the skin; heaviness, lassitude, and desire to rest. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every four hours. Muriatic Acid.-Caused by thin acrid leucorrhoea, attended by titillating, prickling, itching, relieved only for a short time by friction. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every four hours. Sulphuric Acid.-From the same cause, attended by an ERUPTIONS ON THE GENITAL ORGANS. 207 : 'irritation, like that of woollen clothes on a sensitive skin; rheumatic pains; chilliness and languor. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every four hours. Sulphur.-Disagreeable creeping itching or burning; obstinate. Two grains, 6th trituration, every twelve hours. Sanguinaria. Also for that of an obstinate nature, accompanied by heat, dryness, or itching. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every four hours. Pustules or Pimples, or Vesicles filled with matter— Antim. Tart.—Single vesicles or blotches, not very much inflamed, gradually increasing in size and number; they become filled with matter; the pustules may dry up, or some of them may leave deeply-penetrating ulcers. Two grains, 6th trituration, every six hours. Cimicifuga.-White pustules, resulting from rheumatic irritation of the internal organs, or from menstrual irregu- larity. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every four hours. Dulcamara.-Bright, red-pointed pimples, which fill righ pus in a few days. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every four hours. Graphites.-Small, red, itching pimples; their tips full pus; they burn when scratched, and soon disappear. itable for pustular eruptions of a slight evanescent nature. Two grains, 6th trituration, every twelve hours. Iris.-Vesicles gradually forming into pustules, which up and leave a crust; the pustules are situated on a e-coloured, inflamed base, with red streaks running from e to another. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every four hours. Mercurius.-Vesicles, filled with yellowish lymph. Two grains, 6th trituration, every twelve hours. 208 APHTHÆ, AND ULCERATIONS OF VULVA. Podophyllum.-Pustules, with heat of skin and irrita- tion. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every four hours. Aphthous Affections of the Vulva.-The mucous lining of the vulva is subject to an affection precisely analogous to thrush of the mouth and tongue; it is amenable to the same treatment. Borax, internally, and dissolved so as to form a wash. In case this fails, substitute Hydrastis in the same way, and follow up with a few doses of Arsenicum. This affection may arise from digestive derangement, or want of cleanliness; it may also be an attendant on pregnancy. Ulcerations on the Vulva, of a low type, which may assume a gangrenous character, are sometimes met with in young, under-fed, badly-nourished, debilitated children, called " noma pudendi," of the same nature as cancrum oris" of the cheek. The strength of the constitution must be raised by a judicious administration of good beef-tea, and other nourishment. 66 Cornus Florida, internally, and as a lotion, as soon as any cankerous spots are noticed. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every four hours. Baptisia, if they do not yield, and the surface round them assume a darker shade, with the least fetor; and esp cially if there be diarrhoea. Internally and externally. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every two hours. Arsenicum will generally arrest further progress, ev if dark livid spots appear, or mortification even has set Ordinary balm, or yeast from fermenting beer, spread strips of lint or linen, should be applied inside the labia, ar externally, whilst Arsenicum is administered internally. Two grains, 6th trituration, every three hours. Simple ulcerations, or cankerous spots, with inflam edges, very tender and painful, may be met with at any a They will yield either to Mercurius Corrosivus or Nitr Acid, and frequent ablutions with tepid water. In scrofulous young women they are occasionally met wi } ULCERATIONS OF VULVA. 209 as large as a shilling: then, in addition to these two reme- dies, those mentioned in the previous paragraph may be de- Inanded. Specific Ulcers (Chancre), or sores on the vulva, circular in form, with raised, rimmed edges and a hard base, especially if difficult to heal, are almost always of a suspicious nature, the result of the syphilitic virus. Such ulcers must not be confounded with aphthæ, recently noticed, or with ulcers. following herpes. Aphthæ are not painful, and do not form. ulcers. The ulcers of herpes are white; the edges are not so elevated; are not hard; and, if left to themselves, will ulti- mately heal. Specific ulcers soon lead to a painful enlarge- ment of the glands of the groin. Mercurius Corrosivus.-Ulcers with hard, elevated edges, and which easily bleed; or ulcers which manifest a rapid tendency to spread. Two drops, 5th dilution, night and morning. Nitric Acid.-Ulcers with red, inflamed edges, discharg- ing a thick, yellow pus. Two drops, 6th dilution, every six hours, and a solution of the same dilu- tion, a teaspoonful to four ounces of water, kept applied by a piece of lint. Baptisia.-Ulcers with hard, inverted, callous edges, and greyish inside. Three drops, 2nd dilution, every four hours, and a lotion of a teaspoonful of the strong tincture to four ounces of water. Hydrastis.-Ulcers with hard, red edges, that gradually spread, or, at all events, show no tendency to heal. Three drops, 2nd dilution, every four hours, and lotion externally. Sanguinaria.-Ulcers manifesting a rapid tendency both to spread and deepen. Three drops, 1st dilution, every three hours, and lotion externally; bathing the ulcer well every time the lint is changed. Aurum Muriaticum.-Ulcers of the character to which 210 ULCERS AND WARTY EXCRESCENCES OF VULVA. Mercurius applies; but which, nevertheless, resist its in- fluence. One grain, 6th trituration, night and morning. Warty Excrescences, or Condylomata of Vulva, otherwise Sycosis, or Fig-warts, may be regarded as the outgrowth, or manifestation of a dyscrasia, or inherited or acquired ten- dency; therefore requiring, for their eradication, consti- tutional treatment. Thuja.-Warts on the vulva or anus, or on both, with stinging, burning pain; they easily bleed if touched. Three drops, 6th dilution, for a week, night and morning, followed by three drops, 6th dilution, the next week, night and morning; washing the parts frequently with a lotion of a teaspoonful of strong tincture to eight ounces of water, for the third week. Sulphur.-Two grains of the 6th trituration every night. Aurum Muriaticum.-Warts of decidedly syphilitic origin. Dose and administration as for Sulphur. Nitric Acid.-Warts with considerable discharge, which corrodes the parts, and has a foul smell. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every six hours. Well bathe with a lotion of a teaspoonful of the same dilution to four ounces of water. Sabina applies to the same kind as Thuja, and is to be given and applied in the same way, where, after fair trial, Thuja does not succeed; or it may be used as an intercurrent remedy with Thuja. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every four hours. Mercurius Corrosivus.-In mucous tubercles and warts of vulva and anus; general weakness, paleness, and puffiness. Two drops, 5th dilution, night and morning; and the parts bathed with a weak solution of it. Sulphur should be administered occasionally, two grains of the 6th trituration, twice a week for some time, to eradi- cate any remaining constitutional taint. NEURALGIA AND PARASITES OF VULVA. 211 Vascular Tumour of the Orifice of the Urethra.-Oc- casionally, at the upper edge or angle of the vulva, close by the outlet for the urine, a foreign body, vascular and red, about the size of a horse-bean, is met with; it is exquisitely tender, and easily bleeds: there is very great pain in passing water, and on the slightest pressure. It is met with in young women; in those of middle age; and I have also seen it in females well advanced in years. Such a tumour may be successfully removed by surgical operation: it is advisable, however, to try medicinal means first, internally and locally. Cypripedium for the extreme nervous sensibility and pain. Three drops, 2nd dilution, whenever the pain is severe; the part being frequently bathed with a lotion of two teaspoonfuls of the strong tincture to eight ounces of water. Follow it by- Thuja. Stinging, burning pain; it easily bleeds. Three drops, 3rd dilution, night and morning; with a lotion of the same strength as Cypripedium. Neuralgia of Vulva.-When great pain and sensitiveness of the external organs are experienced, they may arise from a tumour of the kind just described, from inflammation, or may be purely neuralgic, paroxysmal, and periodic. In this case it is associated with neuralgia of the vagina, and yields to the same treatment. Ascarides of the Vulva.-The vulva may be the seat of two kinds of parasites-small thread or pin-worms, and lice. The presence of worms in the lower bowel may sympatheti- cally affect the external organs; or they may escape and lodge between the folds of the external organs, where they excite great irritation. If worms are present, administer- Mercurius Vivus, one grain of 6th trituration at night, and three drops of 2nd dilution of Cina in the morning, until relieved: following with- Calcarea, for leuco-phlegmatic temperaments, three grains. of the 6th trituration every night, and then every other 212 K VULVA PARASITES- -TUMOURS OF VULVA. night, for a fortnight; finishing with two 2-grain doses of the 6th trituration of Sulphur. Lice usually affect the hair of the vulva, and are the result of uncleanly habits; they are sometimes caught from such dirty people by those who are unfortunately brought in contact with them, as sleeping in the same bed, or use of the same sponge or towel. Guernsy says they can speedily be got rid of by an application of Essence of Bergamot, or high- dried Scotch snuff in glycerine. Should these fail, ointment of 6th trituration of Mercurius Vivus will suffice to dis- lodge them. The irritation they cause is incessant; and they soon infest the armpits as well. Encysted Tumours of the Vulva.-Serous tumours of the vulva are painless, and not very common; they may be of any size, from that of a chesnut or hen's egg, to that of the fist: unless somewhat deeply seated, they are semi-trans- parent. They contain fluid, sometimes glairy, colourless, or thick, yellowish, and puriform; at others, unhealthy and dark, which occasionally, on bursting of themselves, they dis- charge, showing, however, very little disposition to heal. Their cause may be a fall, blow, or other accident long since received, or they may be a manifestation of internal and more serious disorder. They occasion, according to their size, more or less inconvenience and pain in the lower part of the back, inner side of thigh and labia, and consist essen- tially of cysts, sacs, or bags filled with fluid, or by growth from their walls. Fibroid tumours are also met with, but their occurrence is very rare. The surgical treatment is carefully to dissect out the tumour, and, by after-dressing, to promote healthy and equal granulation—a plan obviously not adapted to cases where bursting has taken place; and inasmuch as this may spon- taneously occur, it is only reasonable to try to hasten such an event by medicine, and to endeavour to ensure a speedy evacuation of the contents, and to foster a healing process. All this can be, as I have found, safely, and in a reasonable time, effected by Homoeopathicmedies. Arnica.-If the result of injury. Externallter- TUMOURS OF VULVA. 213 nally, of varying dilutions, from the 6th up to the 200th a : dose every twenty-four hours Bryonia has a decided effect on tumours of the labia; there is swelling, hardness, and discolouration, blueness or darkness of the skin. Three drops, 3rd dilution, every six hours. Asclepias Incarnata.-Applies also to simple swelling and circumscribed hardness. Three drops, 3rd dilution, every six hours. Chelone. When the tumours threaten to break, and are painful. S violent. Three drops, 2nd dilution, every three hours. Baryta.-Tearing pain in the tumour at intervals, very Conta Two grains, 6th trituration, every six hours. Calcarea. Constant aching; pressure cannot be borne. Most suitable for scrofulous leuco-phlegmatic constitutions, in whom the monthly period is too frequent or too profuse. Two grains, 6th trituration, every six hours. Nitric Acid.-A constitutional taint is suspected; itch- ing and prickling pain; great soreness from walking or from any irritation. Two drops, 6th dilution, every six hours. Sabina. The tumour is swollen; red and painful to the touch; tearing pain during rest. Three drops, 3rd dilution, every four hours. Hepar to be given, three drops of 3rd dilution, every two or three hours, as soon as a tumour bursts. Silicea. When the discharge continues, with but little abatement, or the prospect of it. Two grains, 6th trituration, every six hours. Sulphur. Tendency to excoriation, from the discharge; urination causes much pain. Two grains, 6th trituration, every twelve hours. 214 TUMOURS OF VULVA. Arsenic. The discharge is thin and unhealthy; great constitutional debility; burning, lancinating pain; pale cachectic look. Tumours or swellings of the labia may also arise from an increase of the vascular portion, sometimes, but not always, the result of injury or violence, as in labour; at other times attributable to a psoric taint of constitution. Hamamelis, if the result of injury, both locally and internally. Three drops, 2nd dilution, every four hours. Bathed frequently with a lotion of a teaspoonful of strong tincture to four ounces of water. Two grains, 6th trituration, night and morning. Carbo Animalis.-Burning sensation, with threatening of permanent hardness. Two grains, 3rd trituration, night and morning for a week; then the like quantity of the 6th for a week; then the 30th for another week; and so on, unless symptoms entirely alter: if there is improvement, steadily continue with an occasional dose of Sulphur, 30th. the vulva. Nitric Acid.-Prickling pain; itching greatly increased; soreness from walking, or any irritation. Two drops, 6th dilution, every four hours. Platina.-Painful sensitiveness, with inward coldness of near. Two grains, 6th trituration, every twelve hours. Silicea. Violent burning and soreness of the part, and an eruption on inner side of thigh. Two grains, 6th trituration, every twelve hours. Sulphur.-Troublesome itching of the part, with pimples Dose as for Silicea and Plutina. Swelling of the vulva may also be due to varicose veins, treated of at length at page 191. CANCER OF VULVA. 215 Lastly, a tumour, or swelling of the hinder and lower part of the labia, may be caused by hernia, or rupture; a loop of intestine may come down, or a portion of the bladder be involved. If bowel, on the patient lying down, the pro- truded portion can be readily pressed back with a gurgling sound. If bladder, irritation and constant desire to pass water. In this case the water may have to be drawn by a catheter before the hernia can be reduced. Arnica and Nux Vomica. The first immediately after reduction. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every two hours, and externally as a lotion; followed by two drops, 3rd dilution, Nux Vomica, every four hours. The external organs of generation are liable to warty cancer, and to a corroding or rodent ulcer of malignant nature. Similar affections are met with in the tongue, and on the cheeks and lips. Cancer of the Vulva is met with in females of middle life, and is not unfrequent. It presents an irregular, jagged, undermined edge, with a thickened, hardened feel, and an unwholesome gray surface, with undulated or warty excres- cences. The glands in the groin become quickly affected by absorption. Allopathy knows of no remedy but that of excision, which is confessedly a temporary expedient. We have several remedies which apply, as— Galium Aperinum. The swelling dense and painful; the surface nodulated. Six drops, 1st dilution, every four hours, and a lotion kept applied, and frequently syringed on the surface of the sore, of two teaspoonfuls of strong tincture to half a pint of water. Hydrastis.—The pain is great, and it does not yield to Galium. Apply and administer in the same way. Iodide of Arsenic.-As soon as the glands in the groin, which must be most carefully watched, become in the least hard. Half a grain, 6th trituration, night and morning. The Rodent or Eating Ulcer produces much the same ap- Q 216 AFFECTIONS OF VAGINA. t pearance; but there are no warty granulations, and the glands of the groin do not become affected. Chamomilla.-Raised callous edges, which bleed at the least touch; a thin ichor, fetid and corrosive; headache; flashes of heat; loss of appetite; jaundiced look. Three drops, 1st dilution, every three hours, and lotion of two teaspoon- fuls of strong tincture to half a pint of water. Ranunculus in the same way, if Chamomilla does not relieve. Arsenic. Thin, ichorous, offensive discharge; bleeding; distressing burning sensation, constantly increasing destruc- tion. A grain, 6th trituration, night and morning; a small quantity being applied, after careful syringing with tepid water, night and morning. FOR. CHAPTER II. AFFECTIONS OF THE INTERNAL ORGANS. I. THE VAGINA; THE HYMEN; PROLAPSE OF THE VAGINA, TREATMENT OF; SPASM OF THE VAGINA; VAGINISMUS; INFLAMMATION OF THE VAGINA; VAGINAL LEUCORRHŒA; INDURATIONS, TUMOURS, AND CANCER OF THE VAGINA ; VAGINAL FISTULA.-II. THE UTERUS; CONGESTION; INFLAMMATION; UTERINE LEUCORRHŒA; INFLAMMA- TION OF THE NECK OF THE WOMB; ULCERATION; NEURALGIA; IRRIT- ABLE UTERUS; DISPLACEMENTS; POLYPI AND FLOODING; TUMOURS ; CANCER; DROPSY; FISSURE OF THE ANUS.-III. THE OVARIES; IN- FLAMMATION; TUMOURS ; CANCER; OVARIAN DROPSY, OPERATION OF THE VAGINA. THE vagina, or canal leading from the labia to the orifice of the womb (as is seen in the passage of the child's head at birth), is extremely dilatable. In very rare instances it has been found wanting; in some few others, divided into two canals; in some, not communicating with the womb, but AFFECTIONS OF VAGINA. 217 ending in a cul-de-sac; in some, absent, and now and then imperforate. Hymen Imperforate.-The entrance to the vagina is usually, in young persons and virgins, nearly closed by a thin but tough membrane, called the "Hymen;" with a small oval or crescent-shaped opening, for the passage of the menstrual secretion. Serious consequences ensue when this opening is absent, from the retained menstrual fluid-an operation, not unattended with risk, being necessitated in order to relieve the patient. Such accumulation has been mistaken for tumour of the vagina. In some cases, of which I have met but one, the hymen remains intact until the birth of the first child, when it has to be broken down. The medical attendant is sometimes required to perform the same operation on marriage. The absence of the hymen must not always be construed as an evidence of transgression; it may have been destroyed by disease, such as inflammation or ulceration, or by accident; or it may be congenitally absent; or, in other words, may never have existed. The rupture of the hymen is attended by a flow of blood, sometimes slight, at others somewhat con- siderable. The vagina, like the womb, is liable to prolapsus, or dis- placement, which may be partial or complete. Partial displacement of the anterior part, involving the bladder, technically called "cystocele," or "hernia of the bladder," or of the posterior portion, involving the rectum. or lower bowel (“rectocele”). Displacement of the anterior part may arise in a lengthened labour, when the bladder is suffered to remain without water being passed, or the catheter used to draw it off. In preg- nancy, from the gravid uterus pressing on the bladder, causing over-repletion, and difficult and incomplete passing of urine. From the reprehensible habit of going for length- ened periods without passing water, either usually or when travelling, some sudden extra exertion consummating the accident. It is attended by somewhat the same sense of weight and dragging as bearing-down of the womb; there is more un- Q 2 218 PROLAPSE OF VAGINA. easiness in walking, and considerably greater inconvenience in passing water. A swelling is seen at the entrance of the vagina when the bladder is full and tense, yet yielding to the touch; shining and bluish-red in colour. When the bladder is emptied, it is no longer tense, but puckered in folds as the water again distends the bladder, the tumour enlarges, and is painful. The tumour causes a good deal of irritating mucous discharge. The urine is usually high- coloured, and of very strong odour, with more or less ropy mucus, from the bladder not being thoroughly emptied. It is often impossible to pass any water until the parts are in some measure replaced. Prolapse of the posterior wall of the vagina (“rectocele”), in which the rectum is implicated, as the bladder is in that of the anterior portion. The swelling is not perceived all at once, but takes place by degrees, and naturally tends to get worse and worse, until it occasions prolapsus, or bearing-down of the womb, in addition. Relaxation or weakness of this portion of the vaginal wall, is the primary origin of this troublesome affection. Very rarely, prolapse of both the anterior and posterior wall have been met with at the same time in the same individual. Prolapse of the posterior portion, or rectocele, is usually mistaken by the patient herself for displacement of the womb. Rectocele may be caused by habitual and long-continued constipation, the fæcal accumulation gradually distending the rectum into a pouch, which projects into the vagina: by constant pressure of a displaced womb on the rectum, causing a like result by the relaxation of the parts from violent or frequent purgation. It may arise from partial rupture of the perinæum in child-birth. It has been caused by general dropsy, when the increase of fluid gradually produces an external protrusion of the posterior wall of the vagina. Rectocele gives rise to very many of the same symptoms as prolapse of the anterior portion; the weight dragging, and difficulty of passing water, with the addition of irritable bowels; often fruitless straining and great pain. The swell- ing lessens whenever the bowels are properly relieved. - DISPLACEMENTS OF VAGINA. 219 The exposure of the delicate mucous surface, and irritation from unavoidable friction, sets up more or less inflammation, and considerable acrid discharge. The tumour is somewhat compressible, but does not im- part a fluctuating sensation. On examination, in front of it, the mouth and neck of the womb, except in very advanced cases, are found in their natural position. Treatment. By position, precautionary measures, and medicine. When the bladder is involved ("cystocele"), the patient must be confined to bed and the couch, with a pillow, or cushion of some thickness, under the hips; the bladder must never be allowed to get distended, nor water to remain in it in any quantity, or for any length of time, a catheter being worn. When the rectum is implicated ("rectocele"), the patient must recline as advised above, a moderately tight bandage worn, and the bowels and general health strictly attended to by medicine. Inversion or prolapse of the entire vagina, in which some- times there is actual protrusion, is less common than the other two forms. This accident may be caused by rupture of the perinæum; by an over-stretching of the vagina, from a too rapid descent of the child in labour; by instrumental delivery or manual interference, such as turning; by lingering labour: a persistent relaxation of the vagina results, coupled with, and increased by, a relaxed and weakened condition of the system generally. The puckered folds of the mucous coat of the vagina are very different to the smoother, denser, and narrower mouth of the womb, which can be reached through the vagina. There is usually some corresponding displacement, and en- largement of the neck of the womb, with a considerable mucous discharge. Medicinal Treatment of all these varieties. Aconite.-Inflammation of the parts; burning pain; more or less feverishness; mental distress as to her con- dition. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every three hours. 220 DISPLACEMENTS OF VAGINA. Arnica following. Lifting, straining, or violent and sud- den shaking or shock. Three drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Apis.-Intense twingeing sensation, like bee-stings; ery- sipelatous inflammation. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every three hours. Arsenic. The parts look black, and burn like fire; great debility, restlessness, and thirst. Half a grain, 6th trituration, every three hours. Belladonna.-Great pressure and forcing; felt most in morning; heat, dryness; scarlet-red appearance of vagina; drawing pains, coming on suddenly, and going off suddenly; back feels as though it would break. Three drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Calcarea. Great laxity of the parts; general muscular weakness. Suitable for a leuco-phlegmatic temperament. Two grains, 6th trituration, every four hours. Lachesis.-Pain in the parts, as if swollen; they have to be relieved of all pressure; of a deep purple colour; the patient wakes often at night in great distress. Three drops, 30th dilution, every six hours. Cantharis.-Detention of urine, with constant desire, and great effort to pass a few drops. One drop, 6th dilution, every half-hour; then every three hours. Conium.-Much nausea and giddiness, especially when turning over in bed; breasts sore, enlarged, and painful, especially at the periods. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Nux Vomica.-The prolapsus caused by straining or lifting, is much worse from any effort. The patient wishes to pass water, and to relieve the bowels very often; but little, however, is passed; bad nights. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three or four hours. DISPLACEMENTS OF VAGINA. 221 Mercurius Vivus.-Pain, itching, and smarting, much worse at night in bed; general chilliness; sallow com- plexion. A grain, 6th trituration, every six hours. Opium.-Patient very drowsy; sunken pale face; itching, burning, and straining; fetid diarrhoea; retention of urine; dry mouth and thirst; contractile power of bladder greatly weakened. Two drops, 6th dilution, every two hours. Sepia.-Burning, sharp, shooting pain; great sense of weight; has to cross her thighs, as though to prevent the inner parts from escaping altogether; pressure on bladder; constant desire to urinate; sensation as if some drops passed; burning, tensive, crampy pain at anus, and straining; stitches, and feeling of great weakness in rectum; very painful bear- ing down. Patient is worse when sitting quietly. Two grains, 6th trituration, every four hours. Sulphur.-Retention of urine; violent desire; burning in the passage; pressure on bladder and rectum; rush of blood to the head; prickings; stitches; burning and strangulated feeling at the rectum; frequent unsuccessful effort at relief of the bowels; faint feelings. One grain, 6th trituration, every four or six hours. Sulphuric Acid.-Violent pressure on neck of bladder, as though it would be pressed out; equally violent when walking, standing, or sitting, obliging patient to press the thighs tightly together; retention of both urine and stool. Three drops, 6th dilution, every three hours. Stannum.-Burning at anus immediately after stool; aching, itching, stabbing pain; desire to urinate, as if bladder were full; the urine scanty and fetid; after micturi- tion an intensely painful pressure at neck of bladder, and along the course of the passage; constant sensation as if urine would come; if some drops pass the pressure becomes much worse; great lassitude when walking. A grain, 6th trituration, every four or six hours. 222 SPASM OF THE VAGINA. Aletris.-Affection appears to arise from general and local weakness; pressure, weight, and colic. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every four hours. Spasm or Cramp of the muscular coat of the Vagina, may proceed from local irritation in persons of highly sensitive or hysterical temperament; from displacement or organic affection of other organs, as of ovaries or uterus; from riding, walking, mental emotion, or even the menstrual period. Artificial dilatation is but a temporary and unphilosophi- cal expedient: relief by Homœopathic medicine is as speedy, and far more permanent. Belladonna.-Sense of heat and dryness of the parts; nightly yawning; chilly feeling in the back; flushes of heat; frontal headache; profuse menstruation; spasms come on suddenly; generally leave in the same way, returning with equal violence if not checked. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every hour. Cocculus.-Spasms, with suppressed or irregular menses; flatulence; anguish; oppression of breathing; nausea; faint- Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. ness. Ignatia.-Headache; heaviness; heat in the head; dread of light; anguish; palpitation; languor; faintness; spasms at menstrual period; hysterical feelings; lowness of spirits. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every two hours. Mercurius.-Inflammatory swelling of vagina; acrid leucorrhoea; excoriation; general chilliness; sallow com- plexion. A grain, 6th trituration, every four or six hours. Nux Vomica.-Swelling of vagina, resembling a pro- lapsus; burning pain, rendering contact intolerable; con- stipation, or frequent urging. Specially adapted for those who habitually indulge in high living. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three or four hours. F VAGINISMUS. ร่ 223 Platina.-Painful sensitiveness; continual pressure; in- ternal, almost constant, chills; coldness, except the face. Adapted to highly nervous constitutions. A grain, 6th trituration, every six hours. Pulsatilla. Spasms; chilliness; nausea; pain and op- pression at pit of stomach; heartburn. Specially for mild tearful dispositions, subject to leucorrhoea. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every three hours. Extreme sensibility, or hypersensitiveness of the Vagina, technically called Vaginismus, is a violent, rigid, spasmodic closure of the entrance of the vagina, excited by even the slightest contact, as of a feather or camel-hair brush: the closure is as complete as it is painful, the patient shrieking out from intensity of suffering. It has occasioned very con- siderable distress and annoyance to married ladies who have been its unfortunate subjects. It may arise from cutaneous affection of the vulva; from inflammation or fissure of them, or of the rectum; or it may be a manifestation of a general hypersensibility, in which not only the vagina, but uterus may share. If this contraction result from the secondary causes just referred to, they must be cured before it can have more than temporary relief. It will only be fair to suppose, if one or other of the remedies do not greatly modify or remove the complaint, that, however distressing and urgent, we must deal with some other affection before we can hope to be successful with this, though most apparent. Aconite. The slightest touch produces the spasm; shiverings; violent agitation; terror, sometimes fainting. Suitable for the plethoric, subject to rushes of blood; lively, nervous, irritable, and who lead, whether from choice or necessity, a sedentary life. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every three hours, and local application of a weak lotion of twenty drops of strong tincture to four ounces of water. Belladonna.-The spasm excited and renewed by the least contact, followed by insensibility or delirium; jerkings or immobility of the limbs. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every hour. 224 VAGINISMUS. Caulophyllum.-Painful cramp from want of tone and natural contractility; unusual irritability of the vagina; the spasm intense, continuous, agonising. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every hour. Cimicifuga.-Spasm intensely powerful, but intermitting, attended by cramps in the legs; want of tone in the nervous and muscular system generally; hysteria; some- times epilepsy. Three drops, 3rd dilution, every two or three hours. Muriatic Acid.-Depends on herpetic eruption on the parts. Two drops, 6th dilution, every three hours; frequently bathing with a lotion of a teaspoonful of this dilution to four ounces of water. Nitric Acid.-Attended by, or arising from, fissure of the rectum; the pain attending relief of the bowels often most distressing. Two drops, 6th dilution, every three hours, with local application of a lotion of a teaspoonful of 1st dilution to four ounces of water. Nux Vomica.-Excessive sensitiveness to any impression, to the slightest touch; the whole nervous system more or less sympathises; constipation as from contraction and con- striction of the bowel; rush of blood to the head. Most useful to those who sit much, or those accustomed to rich living. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Platina. Most effectual in this affection, and in those of irritable temperament; general copious menstruation and sexual excitement; tremulous, nervous thrill of whole body. One grain, 6th trituration, every six hours. G Cypripedium.-The affection arises from a cause else- where, as fissure. As an intercurrent remedy, or even when no extraneous cause can be detected; there is irascibility and fretfulness; sleeplessness; pains and hysterical feelings; INFLAMMATION OF THE VAGINA. 225 agitation at the least contradiction, or exceptionally lively and talkative. It controls "functional irritation." Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three or four hours. Inflammation of the Vagina.-The mucous lining of the vagina is very liable to inflammation, both acute and chronic, which may arise, and be confined to the vagina; or an extension of inflammation of the neck or mouth of the womb, with "leucorrhoea," or "whites," as a usual accompani- ment. The acute form attended by heat, a sense of fulness, redness, swelling, and tenderness; a frequent desire to pass water; of scalding in passing it. May be caused by cold or wet, especially by getting wet-footed: it is frequently met with in married women who have had families. In the unmarried the chronic variety more prevails. Specific, acute vaginitis, or gonorrhoea, is always the result of contagion, though it is not by any means easy indisputably to pro- nounce on the character either of the inflammation or the discharge; the microscope even failing to supply a reliable test. A sudden invasion of symptoms-considerable swelling of the labia, discomfort in sitting, aching and weight between the vulva and the rectum, with tenderness at the bottom of the bowels, over the bladder-may afford ground for strong suspicion, especially if accompanied by profuse, yellow, acrid, purulent discharge, probably streaked with blood, with other circumstances of a doubtful character, may justify an un- favourable opinion. The specific form is the most difficult to cure. The chronic variety is insidious in its onset, and is the result of debility, constitutional delicacy, or uterine displace- ment. It is met by attention to the general health, by hygienic, hydropathic means, and medicines of a constitutional or anti-psoric character, and by first removing the prolapsus, where it exists. It is accompanied by yellow, often corrosive, leucorrhoea, although of not equal acridity to that attending the acute. In acute vaginitis, either simple or specific, if the symp- 226 INFLAMMATION OF THE VAGINA. toms are at all severe-confinement to bed; low diet avoidance of all stimulants; bathing with tepid water, and, as soon as they can be borne, frequent injections of thin gruel and tepid water, using the water cold as the symptoms improve; administering one or other of the following medicines:- Aconite.-Pain, swelling, heat, and tenderness, with stinging, shooting pains; muco-purulent discharge, more or less abundant, streaked with blood. A quarter of a drop of the strong tincture every two hours. Cantharis. Very frequent desire to pass water, with cutting, burning pain on passing a few drops. One drop, 6th dilution, every three hours. Veratrum Viride.-Heat and redness of the whole tract, with small blebs or blisters on the inside of the labia. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Apis.-Prickling, burning, stinging pain, with shining redness; puffy infiltration of the vulva. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every two or three hours. Rhus. Darkish-red inflammation, with small vesicles on labia, and some constitutional prostration and debility. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. M Sepia. Frequent great desire to urinate, with bearing down; smarting, tearing, cutting pain; discharge yellow, whitish, like milk, or streaked with blood, with burning pain, producing soreness between the thighs. A grain, 6th trituration, every three or four hours. Chronic Inflammation of the Vagina, with which is associated Vaginal Leucorrhoea, may be the result of the acute neglected or mismanaged. The acute stage may be so slight as to escape notice, or it may be chronic from its very commencement. The debility in which this latter takes rise, may be caused by too profuse or too prolonged menstruation, frequent child-bearing, or miscarriage; by the undue or too INFLAMMATION OF THE VAGINA-LEUCORRHŒA. 227 long suckling of an infant; it may be associated with chlorosis, or be the result of a consumptive or scrofulous constitution; may accompany pregnancy, ovarian, uterine, or abdominal tumours, piles, derangement of the liver, or even prolonged dyspepsia and constipation; and, as pre- viously stated, bearing-down of the womb. Women who live too well, and take little exercise, also suffer from it. Leucorrhoea may proceed from the uterus, as well as from the vagina; but when it does, a considerable quantity of the vaginal is mixed with it. True uterine leucorrhoea consists of tenacious alkaline mucus, and may result from mental emotion, loss of rest, spinal irritation, menstrual irregularity, or digestive and general debility, as from protracted labour, or getting about too soon after. An alteration in the nature of the vaginal or uterine dis- charge, sometimes, amongst other things, in married ladies, accounts for their not having a family: it may be whitish or yellowish, greenish, or both, thick and creamy, and viscid, or thin and watery. In addition to the causes above mentioned, vaginitis, and a consequent discharge from the glands or follicles in the vagina, or at the neck of the womb, may result from sudden suppression, either of perspiration, piles, or diarrhoea; of the milk in nursing-women; from the sudden healing of an abscess, or of a skin disease; or stoppage of a discharge from the ear, of spontaneous vomiting, of the expectoration in bronchitis; from cold damp weather, from living in a damp house or neighbourhood, or a fenny, marshy district. Aconite.-Copious, tenacious, yellowish leucorrhoea, in place of, or after menstruation; more particularly in stout, plethoric individuals. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Æsculus Hippocastanum.-Depending upon piles or irritation of the rectum, uterine congestion, prolapsus, retroversion, or painful menstruation; often connected with a burning sensation in one or both breasts. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every three hours. 1 228 INFLAMMATION OF THE VAGINA-LEUCORRHEA. - Aletris.-General and local debility, from protracted ill- ness, loss of fluids, or defective nutrition. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every three or four hours. Aloes. The discharge greenish, and has the peculiar odour of that from piles, which are usually present. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three or four hours. Alumina.-Leucorrhoea after the menses; or acrid, with burning sensation in vagina and rectum; either white and transparent, or yellow; only or chiefly in the day-time. A grain, 6th trituration, every four or six hours. Ambragris.-Bluish-white clots; profuse; at night— not acrid; preceded by sharp, shooting pains in vagina. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every four or six hours. Ammonia Carb.-Violently acrid, watery discharge; considerable soreness; the right breast is painful to the touch. A grain, 6th trituration, every four or six hours. Ammonia Mur.-Chronic discharge, like white of an egg, or brownish, slimy, and painless; comes on after passing water; distension of abdomen without flatulence; pinching pains around the navel. A grain, 6th trituration, every six hours. Anacardium.-Attended by both itching and smarting. A grain, 6th trituration, every six hours. Antimonium Crudum.-Acrid, watery leucorrhoea, causing smarting, or white and transparent, passed with the A grain, 6th trituration, every three hours. urine. Antimonium Tartras.-Dark and watery, or thin and watery, with itching and burning of the vagina, in delicate females, or in tardy convalescence after confinement. A grain, 6th trituration, every six hours. LEUCORRHEA. 229 odour. Apis.-Profuse, yellow, greenish, acrid, with painful, burning urination. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every three hours. Aralia.-Leucorrhoea, of an acrid character, and offensive Two drops, 2nd dilution, every three hours. Argentum Nitricum.-Depending on inflammatory irritation of mucous lining of the vagina; considerable, and somewhat acrid. A grain, 6th trituration, every twelve hours. Arnica.-Profuse after over-exertion, straining, or lift- Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. ing. Arsenic.-Thick, yellow, acrid, corrosive, in cachectic, de- bilitated subjects, dropping sometimes from patient whilst standing; emission of flatus; burning pain in the vagina, with swelling and excoriation of the labia. A grain, 6th trituration, every six hours. Baptisia. Virulent or fetid; physical, mental, or nervous depression. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every three hours, with an injection of a tea- spoonful of 0 to eight ounces of water. Borax.-Chronic, acrid, white, like white of egg, or thick as paste; sensation as of warm water flowing down. A grain, 3rd trituration, every four or six hours. Calcarea. With or without menstrual irregularities; daily, copious, bland, and milk-like; violent itching, or burning and shooting pain; general lassitude; loss of flesh; weakness of chest, especially when talking, with oppression or pressive pains; dry, fatiguing cough; uneasy sleep; irri- tability; peevishness; vehemence at trifles; anxiety, sad- ness, and apprehension. A grain, 6th trituration, every twelve hours. G 230 LEUCORRHEA. Cantharides.-Acrid and burning during urination; not occasioned by deep-seated disturbance of the organism. Two drops, 6th dilution, every three or four hours. Carbo Animalis.-Burning, acrid, yellow; considerable distension of the abdomen, with weight as of a lump; audible rumbling of incarcerated flatulence; excessive fatigues after walking; great sensitiveness to the open air. A grain, 3rd trituration, every six hours. Carbo Vegetabilis.-Coming on especially in the morn- ing, when rising; disappearing for the remainder of the day; white and thin, or thick and yellowish; itching, red- ness, soreness, and burning of the genitals; red and sore places on the vulva. A grain, 3rd trituration, every four hours. China.―Thick; a raging pain in the genitals; melan- choly feeling about the heart, and desire to take a long breath; leucorrhoea before the menses, with painful pressing towards the groin and rectum; or bloody, with occasional discharge of clots of black blood, or fetid, purulent matter ; troublesome itching and spasmodic contraction of vagina. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every three hours. Conium.-Thick, white, milk-coloured, with smarting and excoriation; pinching pain in the bowels; weakness and lameness in the small of back, followed by lassitude. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every four hours. Dulcamara.-Corroding leucorrhoea, brought on by get- ting wet or by damp. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every four hours. Erigeron.-Profuse, with spasmodic pains, and irritation of bladder and rectum; usually scanty menstruation. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every three hours. Ferrum.-With soreness, and unnatural heat of vagina; serous, offensive fluid, mixed with flocks of mucus; corrodes when it first appears, and resembles water and milk. A grain, 6th trituration, every six hours. LEUCORRHOEA. 231 Gelseminum.-White leucorrhoea; heaviness and fulness. in uterine region; aching across the bottom of the back. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Graphites.-Profuse vaginal leucorrhoea of white mucus; weakness in back and small of back when walking or sitting, especially in the morning when rising from bed; or thin leucorrhoea, with distended abdomen. A grain, 6th trituration, every twelve hours. Hedeoma.-Yellow vaginal leucorrhoea, causing itching, burning, or excoriation. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every four hours. Helonias. Uterine leucorrhoea, from atony or con- gestion; pain in the lower part of the back; great soreness and tenderness of the breasts and nipples. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Hydrastis. Uterine yellow leucorrhoea, of an extremely tenacious character; long shreds, or pieces in it, sometimes offensive; often derangement of the liver and stomach. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every four hours. Hypericum. With uterine weakness; delayed men- struation; palpitation of the heart; pressure in small of back, and heaviness in lower part of the bowels. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every four hours. Ignatia.—Chronic, purulent, yellow, corrosive; preceded or accompanied by violent crampy pressing in region of womb, like labour pains; hysterical symptoms and weakness. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Iodine.—Attended by engorgement of the lining mem- brane of the vagina, which is hot and sore, with occasional shooting pain, and a sense of fulness; it is yellowish, thick, and very often fetid, in pale, cachectic, or chlorotic indi- viduals. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every six hours. R Ma t 232 LEUCORRHEA. Kali Carb.-Mucous, yellowish, with itching and burn- ing; general faint feeling; frequent yawning; weakness of whole body, especially the small of the back. A grain, 2nd trituration, every four hours. Kali Hydriodicum.-Thin, watery, or acrid, corrosive; biting pain in the genitals; languor, weakness, and chilli- ness; the breasts decrease in size. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every four hours. Kali Nitricum.-Thin, white leucorrhoea, with pain in the small of the back, as if bruised; great weariness; heavi- ness of the head, and drowsiness. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every three hours. Lachesis. Preceding the usual menstrual period three or eight days; copious, slimy, causing smarting; it stiffens the linen, and leaves greenish stains behind. Two drops, 30th dilution, every six hours. Leptandria. With chronic ulceration of the mouth of the womb; it is sometimes fetid, with shreds of mucous lining in it; irritation of bladder and rectum; frequent pain at the bottom of the bowels; general languor and pros- tration; heat and dryness of the skin. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every four hours. Lycopodium. Profuse milky leucorrhoea at intervals, or of a blood-red; violent itching of genitals, and swelling; headache; acidity; coated tongue; faintness, especially in the mild and lymphatic. Two drops, 6th trituration, every six hours. Mercurius.-Acrid, and sometimes corrosive; worse in an evening; greenish in colour; the smarting obliges the patient to scratch, and the scratching produces a distressing burning. A grain, 6th trituration, every six hours. Mezereum.-Chronic leucorrhoea, causing an inflam- matory itching of the vagina; or albuminous, of long stand- I LEUCORRHEA. 233 ing; malignant in character. Peculiarly suited to the scrofulous, subject to glandular swellings,, or those whose constitutions have been injured by Mercury. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every six or eight hours. Muriatic Acid. With dryness, redness, smarting, and burning of vagina; often fetid; sometimes with shreds of disorganised membrane, or accompanying fissure of the rectum. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every three hours, with a weak injection of the same. Nitric Acid.- Of an obstinate nature, in the anemic or scrofulous; generally profuse, acrid, and sometimes fetid; pinkish, greenish, or yellow; general depression; and often fissure of the anus. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every four hours, with weak injection. Nux Vomica.-Yellowish and fetid, in place or in con- tinuation of the usual monthly period; swelling of vagina, with burning pain; very troublesome. Especially suited to those who live well, and do not take much exercise. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Phosphorus. Slimy, smarting, viscid; raising blisters; frequent urging to urinate; disposition to weep. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every four hours. Phosphoric Acid.-Leucorrhoea after the menses, thin and acrid, or profuse and yellow, with itching, in those weak after diarrhoea, or from any exhausting discharge, as from an abscess. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every four hours. Platina.-Leucorrhoea, like white of egg in consistence and colour, unattended by pain, or any sensation; chiefly after passing water, or on rising from a sitting posture, or obstinate leucorrhoea-generally in those subject to profuse menstruation, of a melancholy or hysteric temperament. A grain, 6th trituration, every six hours. R 2 234 LEUCORRHOEA. Podophyllum.-Discharge of thick, transparent mucus, with constipation; combined with displacement of the womb, or after child-birth. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every four hours. Pulsatilla.-Milky or thick yellow leucorrhoea, with burning, stinging pains in the labia and vagina; chilliness; nausea; trembling. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every three hours. Rumex.-Abundant leucorrhoea in the weakly and con- sumptive. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every four hours. Sabina. Milky, starch-like, or ichorous and fetid; some- times with blood; occurring in place of usual menstruation. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every four hours. Sanguinaria.-Corrosive and fetid in the scrofulous, cachectic, and consumptive; or when attending ulceration of the mouth of the womb; or at "change of life.” Two drops, 2nd dilution, every four hours. Sarsaparilla.-Mucous leucorrhoea, troublesome when walking; the nipples are flaccid and insensible, with itching round them. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every four hours. Secale. From weakness of vagina and uterus; attending displacement of these organs, especially in the thin and spare. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every four hours. Senecio. Following damp cold feet, or with rapid failure of health; faintings; absolute prostration; chlorosis, or threatening of dropsical symptoms. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every four hours, Sepia. In the delicate, with fine white skin, and quiet disposition; in those subject to sick headache, especially at papagaling LEUCORRHOEA. 235 "change of life;" watery or yellow, like milk or pure mucus ; or corrosive or fetid, or even greenish-red. A grain, 3rd trituration, every six hours. Sulphur.-Obstinate, slimy, yellowish, corrosive · It either arrests it, or changes it into simple mucus. A grain, 6th trituration, every six hours. Sulphuric Acid.—Sanguineous instead of mucous, with a sensation as if the menses would appear; or milky or transparent, without that sensation. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every four hours. Trillium. For vaginal and uterine leucorrhœa; fetid, yellowish, of the consistence of cream; or whenever it is excessive in quantity, and evidently weakening the patient. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every four hours. Zinc.-Leucorrhoea before or after the menses, attended by sharp pains in the bowels; thick, and causing itching; weakness in the hands and feet; chilliness; weeping mood; ill-humour; anxiety. A grain, 6th trituration, every six hours. Zizia.-Leucorrhoea, with retarded or suppressed menses; it may be acrid, or bland and profuse; the menses may set in for one day, then stop, and be followed by leucorrhoea, at first acrid, afterwards bland and copious; chronic leucorrhoea, attended by irritation of the spine or brain. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every four hours. Regular and systematic exercise must be taken; but walk- ing too far, or standing long, must be avoided. A quick, tepid, or cold sponging every morning; the wet sheet wrung out of tepid water, followed by vigorous rubbing, and a cold sitz bath for two or three minutes, twice a day, will be of great service. Great benefit is, in many cases, derivable from friction down the spine; or in summer, by having a gentle stream of water poured over it, one hand of an attendant very quickly and lightly following the other down the course 236 INDURATIONS, TUMOURS, AND CANCER OF VAGINA. of the spinal column, the patient sitting over warm water, with a blanket over the legs and abdomen. Feather beds, for sleeping on, can on no account be in- dulged in; a mattress, with just sufficient clothing to main- tain warmth, must be used. - Indurations and Contractions of the Vagina.-Inflam- mation of the vagina may leave permanent hardness, adhesion of the sides, and contraction of the vaginal space. The best treatment is the preventive, by due management, of the in- flammation itself. Hardness may be the result of syphilitic or cancerous taint, and contraction, sometimes caused by injury received during labour; when, to effect a cure, con- siderable time and patience are necessitated-possibly, sur- gical interference. Extreme Narrowness of the Vagina, as a matter of con- formation, and not through disease, is best remedied by the use of graduated bougies. Tumours of the Vagina.-Fibroid, polypi, or mucous. cysts are rarely met with. When they arise, they must be dealt with on the same principles, medically, as similar tumours of the uterus. Cancer of the Vagina, fungoid and epithelial, occurs most frequently as an extension of that of the womb: it presents itself, however, sometimes as an independent affec- tion in the married rather than the single, and those who have borne children. It is less accompanied by discharge of blood than cancer of the uterus. Dr. West gives the follow- ing indications :-" Pain rather more frequent than when the disease begins in the womb; it is not paroxysmal; wearing pain in the back, increased when the bowels are moved, or water passed; the perforation of the bladder or lower bowel, from extension of the disease, is not very common; micturi- tion, however, is sometimes nearly impossible. The disease is liable to extend to the womb; or the uterus may become, independently but secondarily, affected. The cancerous cachexia is soon developed, and the progress of the disease rapid. There is some hope that epithelial cancer of the vagina may be found more allied to lupus, or rodent ulcer, than be intimately allied to cancer. The discharge is profuse, CANCER OF VAGINA. 237 offensive, and blood-stained; the mucous lining soon dis- appears under the advance of the disease, and the general health suffers. "" Allopathic measures, chiefly topical applications of Nitrate of Mercury, lessen the discharge and the backache, improve the general health, and prolong the life somewhat.* Baptisia.—Acrid, very offensive discharge, stained with blood, or dark-reddish brown; general debility. Three drops of strong tincture every four hours, and local application of a lotion of three teaspoonfuls of strong tincture to a quarter of a pint of water. Arsenic.-Thin, ichorous, offensive discharge; some bleeding, and a good deal of burning sensation; constant and rapid destructive action. Two grains, 6th trituration, every six hours, a small quantity of the medicine being applied to the sore night and morning. Galium Aperinum. The swollen part is dense and painful, the surface nodulated. Six drops, 1st dilution, every three hours, and a lotion kept constantly applied, and syringed on night and morning, of a teaspoonful of the strong tincture to a quarter of a pint of water. Chamomilla.-Raised, hard edges, which bleed on the slightest touch; a thin ichor, fetid and corrosive; headache; flushes of heat; loss of appetite; jaundiced look. Dose and application, internally and locally, as for Galium. Hydrastis unquestionably relieves, more than any hitherto known medicine, the pain of cancer of all kinds, and, to a considerable extent, combats the effect of the can- cerous diathesis. Three drops of the strong tincture every four hours local application as for Galium. The general health, the appearance, and the appetite should also improve under this drug. Nympha. In the very outset of the disease; inflamma- tion; circumscribed hardness and redness; severe backache. Three drops, 1st dilution, every four hours. Local application as before ordered. • Diseases of Women, Part II., p. 221. 238 VAGINAL FISTULAS. Phytolacca.-Cancerous ulceration; sickly look; pale face; nausea and headache; appetite not much affected; constipation, or diarrhoea. Three drops, 1st dilution, every four hours, with the application of a small quantity of 1st trituration of Phytolaccin night and morning. Ranunculus.-Intolerable burning, stinging itching dark-yellow discharge; backache; heaviness, lassitude, and trembling of the limbs. Three drops, 1st dilution, every four hours. Local application as for Galium. Vaginal Fistulas.-Cancerous ulceration may eat its way through the urethral canal for the passage of the urine, or as far as the coats of the bladder, and even through, leaving a permanent opening or communication, with no disposition of itself to heal, and constituting a urethro-vaginal or vesico- vaginal fistula. The urine constantly flows between the lower vulva; the patient is constantly wet, and is annoyed by a strong urinous ammoniacal effluvium, and is virtually excluded from society in consequence. Long-continued pressure of the child's head in labour may also cause these fistulas, as may turning, the use of instruments, or pessaries. Recto-Vaginal Fistula, or an opening similar to the one described above, between the rectum and the vagina, is also not uncommon. It is frequently caused by the injudicious and violent use of instruments in delivery. There is an un- restrainable escape of semi-liquid fæcal matter and flatus through the vagina. It may result from abscess, or be con- nected with rupture of the perinæum. These very distressing, and by no means uncommon ac- cidents, have, of late, received very considerable attention, and surgical operation for their relief has attained a high degree of excellence and success. Still, it is not unfrequently found, that the most delicately and skilfully performed operation is repeatedly unsuccessful; the parts do not heal kindly, renewed ulceration taking place. This fact, and the not unreasonable consideration that a constitutional taint or psora must have existed in most, if not all the cases, to account for the inflammation from pressure or violence, resulting in a lesion so serious as these fistulous 8 VAGINAL FISTULAS. 239 openings. We know, without doubt, that such constitutional taint does exist in cases of cancerous ulceration. Hence we derive good ground for an expectation of success from Homœopathic treatment, internally and locally, perseveringly continued at all events equal to that obtained by operative surgery. Absolute rest, freedom from anxiety, change of air and scene, with scrupulous attention to the general health, are necessary in nearly every case. In urethro-vaginal and vesico-vaginal fistulas, the constant wearing of a silver tube, aided by injections and glyceroles of the various medicines, are great auxiliaries; in the recto- vaginal, bougies of medicated wax, and injections. The medicines applicable are principally constitutional in the effect; whilst they most materially lessen the discomfort and suffering of these distressing affections. Calcarea. Burning sensation; prickings, dartings, and some inflammation of the part; constitutional irritation ; the feet feel constantly cold and damp; great sensitiveness. to chills and cold air; painful tension over the whole body; the palms of the hands and the soles of the feet burn; the small of the back feels as if bruised, and the muscles of the legs are painful to the touch. Two grains, 6th dilution, night and morning. Carbo Animalis. Specially adapted to the scrofulous, venous constitution, for improving the condition of the blood lancinating, cutting pains of the part, and some little induration; sickly appearance. Two grains, 2nd trituration, every six hours, and application of the crude drug in the form of paste. Carbo Vegetabilis.-For bilious, melancholy, choleric temperaments, subject to piles; also to the highly sensitive and nervous. Burning at the rectum after stool; smarting; anxiety, with tremulous sensation; aching, gnawing, and pinching; itching, succeeded by burning, and an uncomfort- able feeling of dryness at the anus. Two grains, 2nd trituration, every six hours, with application of a paste of crude charcoal. 240 VAGINAL FISTULAS. Causticum. For those of weakly constitution, for the consequences of long-continued grief, and for inveterate, long- continued cases: generally beaten, bruised feeling, with stiffness and numbness; despondency and whining mood. Three drops, 30th dilution, every six hours, with local application of lotion of one drachm to four ounces of water. Lycopodium. For lymphatic, leuco-phlegmatic consti- tutions, subject to mucous discharges: deficiency of animal heat; much rumbling of flatus in the bowels; the fistula frequently bleeds; red sand deposit in urine. A grain, 6th trituration, every six or twelve hours. Nitric Acid.-For the anemic and bloodless, who are, or have been, subject to menstrual irregularities: general de- pression of vital force; great sense of lassitude and pros- tration-specially if there is the least syphilitic taint; the urine has an intolerably strong smell, like that of horses. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every six or twelve hours, with application of a lotion of one drachm, 1st dilution, to four ounces of water, to fistula. Mercurius Corrosivus.-For the feeble, rheumatic, or gouty, subject to obstinate, dry cough: some little hardness and swelling of the part. Two drops, 30th dilution, every twelve hours, with local application of the 6th. Silicea. General excitability; disposition to headache; itching and moisture of the fistula, or tenderness, and of the parts adjacent to it; itching at the vulva. Suitable for those who have always menstruated abundantly, or been subject to leucorrhoea. Two grains, 6th trituration, every six hours, and application of a paste of the 6th. Sepia. For delicate constitutions, with fine white skin, rosy cheeks, and blond or red hair; very excitable; subject to cold feet, and cramp at night; tendency to take cold, and to suffer from catarrh. The urine is so offensive, that it can- not be allowed to remain in the room; it deposits a reddish, M VAGINAL FISTULAS. 241 ay-coloured sediment, adherent to the bottom and sides of he vessel. wo grains, 6th trituration, every six hours, and application of 1st trituration in powder or paste. Sulphur at the 30th, as an intercurrent remedy, with any the above. lendula, in the proportion of one part of strong re to six of water, or in the form of glycerole, will be a most valuable application to vaginal fistulas. It is c for lacerations, with or without loss of substance, induration, especially in scrofulous subjects. stis.-Faintness, and a general cachectic and loss. tite condition of the body. e drops, 2nd dilution, every four or six hours, and locally, in the Torm of lotion, ointment (four grains of powdered root to one ounce of simple cerate), or glycerole. Myrica.-Constant craving appetite, with a sensation of fulness; dull, heavy pain in head; pains in the extremities; restless nights; dull, dragging pain in the small of the back, not very severe; urine dark-coloured. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every four or six hours, with local application as above. Dr. Guernsy, in his Obstetrics, page 92, gives the fol- lowing, "For some of the most distressing concomitant. symptoms:" Aurum.-Much pain in the bones day and night; a sensation of internal emptiness, and weakness of the whole body. A grain, 30th trituration, night and morning. Lachesis. Much pain, of an aching character, in the shin-bones only; the patient feels unhappy and distressed after sleeping. Two drops, 30th dilution, every six hours. Petroleum.-Diarrhoea occurs very frequently, but only in the day-time. Two drops, 6th dilution, every six hours. 242 AFFECTIONS OF THE UTERUS. Any prominent constitutional symptom that may ari during the treatment must not be neglected, a remedy bein administered for it. This will occasion no loss of time, a the general health requires to be kept as good as possible. AFFECTIONS OF THE UTERUS. The uterus, in its normal condition, is a compara small organ, weighing little more than an ounce; it ever, during the greater portion of life, in a state of for a fourth part of the time-seven days, on an a every month being more or less concerned in meu It is, moreover, in intimate sympathy with other o such as the stomach, brain, bladder, and rectum, wit including the ovaries, which are part of its own system. With many persons, imperfect, painful, or profuse men- struation is the rule, evidencing constant delicacy and hypersensibility; the most trifling derangement, or trivial circumstance, producing immediate and often long-lasting effects. The state of the reproductive organism is at once the index of health; and the weak point of the constitution of very many ladies, every affection of which they are the sub- jects, either originates or is felt there. Again, in the married state, there are comparatively few on whom, in our artificial mode of living, pregnancy, child- birth, and suckling do not exert a trying and weakening influence, as they are carried on at great expense to the powers of life, especially if miscarriages be superadded. The womb more than fully sympathises with the general weakness; it does not recover itself; it does not regain its tone; it remains in a state of morbid irritability, easily in- creased to positive disease. We begin our list of affections with Congestion of the Womb.-Such a state, for a day or two, precedes and succeeds menstruation at every period-with some more, and some less; but perceptibly, in all with whom menstruation can fairly be said to take place, there is a determination of blood thither, a certain turgescence of the AFFECTIONS OF THE UTERUS-CONGESTION. 243 blood-vessels, not ordinarily existing. When this condition, as the precursor or the after-effect of menstruation, is unduly prolonged, or is excessive-when, from any cause, such a con- dition is produced at other times, it demands medicinal interference. Unusual excitement or watching, late hours, undue or violent exercise, as of a long walk, prolonged standing in persons not accustomed to it, or the working of a sewing machine with the feet, may induce it. There is weight, discomfort, some uneasiness of the bowels, or con- stipation, which is not habitual. Aletris. Congestion, from undue mental strain or exer- tion; giddiness; stupefaction; sleepiness; nausea; weight and pressure in the uterine region; leucorrhoea. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every three hours. Belladonna. Frontal headache, with pressure and ful- ness; flushed face; sensitiveness to noise and light; feeling of fulness and weight in uterine region. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Chamomilla.-The congestion follows chagrin or intense vexation; nausea; uneasiness of stomach and bowels; lan- guor; chilliness; nervous irritability; feeling of fulness, and painful pressing towards the genitals, especially when walking. Three drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Helonias.-Active congestion, causing suppression of the menses; absence of the usual tone; a lax anemic condition of body; pulse small and weak; digestion feeble; sallowness and pallor. Three drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Ignatia.-When grief or disappointment is the cause; lowness of spirits; hysterical feelings; scanty menstruation; corroding leucorrhoea; headache; palpitation; heaviness of the head; dread of strong light; and frequently abdominal spasms. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every three hours. 244 INFLAMMATION OF THE UTERUS. Nux Vomica.-Originating from long-continued nursing or watching; want of sufficient exercise; luxurious living; pressure towards the genital organs early in the morning, or during a walk; too frequent menstruation, or leucorrhoea, staining linen yellow; fainting feelings; slow digestion, with flatulence, perhaps spasms, and constipation and piles; taciturnity; extreme sensitiveness-the least thing affects her. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Pulsatilla.-Venous congestion, with chilliness; stretch- ing and yawning; feeling of heaviness in abdomen, as of a stone pressing on the rectum, like urging to stool. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every three hours. Inflammation of the Uterus.-In treating inflammation. of the womb, the distinction between the various kinds of which it is susceptible, requires to be borne in mind. There is not simply the broad division into acute and chronic, into which inflammation of all kinds is divisible, but also in- flammation of the body of the womb, of the lining membrane of the cavity of its neck, or cervix. There is a much greater thickness of muscular substance at the upper part, or body; it is not only thick, but of denser structure; that of the lower part, or neck, being looser, and partly cellular. The reason for this difference is apparent, when it is considered that the large increase of the womb in pregnancy, and the strong and continuous pains of child-birth, have to be pre- pared for. Inflammation of the body, or fundus, is almost confined to the puerperal state, or the time succeeding delivery, and will be mainly treated of amongst other affections incident thereto it sometimes arises, in the non-puerperal state, from chill. Inflammation of the lining membrane has been partly described, and treated of, under that of Vaginitis and Leu- corrhoea. Inflammation of the cervix, or neck of the uterus, is very commonly observed, between the ages of twenty and twenty- INFLAMMATION OF THE WOMB. 245 five, both amongst single and married; and its result is abrasion, or positive loss of substance, or ulceration. Inflammation of the substance, or body of the womb (metritis), is of serious import. It may arise from cold caught during, or just after, a menstrual period; by sitting on damp, cold ground; from damp underclothing; from cold injections; from direct injury; violent over-exertion during the period; or from cold taken after miscarriage or abortion, especially in those unpardonable, cruel, and wicked instances in which it has been caused by noxious drugs or violence. The symptoms are shiverings; chills, followed by heat and feverishness; stabbing pains in the vagina; sharp pains darting from the small of the back to the front pelvic bones, and shooting down the thighs; movement of the body, especially coughing or sneezing, is extremely painful; more or less constant desire to pass water, with much straining, very little being passed at a time, which is very hot and scalding; the bowels are constipated; tongue furred; pulse quick and hard; thirst; extreme faintness on sitting up, or attempting it. Aconite.-Chills; heat; fever; burning, shooting, sting- ing pains, sometimes with rheumatism. Quarter, or a drop of strong tincture every hour; then every two hours. Belladonna.—Menstrual suppression; burning pains high up in vagina; the region of the bladder painful and distended; frequent urging to urinate; difficulty in passing any; tongue white; nausea and vomiting; depression of spirits; prostration; drowsiness; wandering; starting; some- times excessive fetor from uterus, with an exceedingly slight oozing of foul, blackish, and very fluid blood. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every two hours. Bryonia. The least movement aggravates the suffering; the head aches as if it would split open; trying to sit up causes nausea and fainting; constipation; the fæcal matter is as hard and dry as if it had been burnt; great thirst; craving for acid, sour things. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every hour or two hours. F 246 INFLAMMATION OF UTERUS. ! Hedeoma. Suppression of the menses; excessive bear- ing down, with pressure, extending outwards to the vulva, from the whole lower part of abdomen; almost unendurable pains in the back, extending to the stomach and the pit of the stomach, increased by the least movement; headache; pains and coldness in the limbs; dull, heavy feeling; a sort of inability to move, almost semi-paralysis; nausea; a rising up from the stomach; a difficulty of breathing; weakness and oppression; nervous twitchings; the least food or drink taken increases the sufferings. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every half-hour or hour. Iodine.-Intense pain in the region of the uterus; abdomen very sensitive; continual urging to urinate; heat and dryness of vagina; sudden suppression; violent pressing towards the genitals; pains particularly aggravated by move- ment, by contact, pressure, and warmth. Three drops, 3rd dilution, every two hours. Lachesis. The patient cannot bear so much as the slightest pressure of the bed-clothes; the pains appear to be moving up to the chest; a slight flow of blood from vagina, when there is some little relief, soon followed by a return of pain and all the symptoms. Three drops, 30th dilution, every hour. ! Mercurius.-Inflammation from a draught of cold air or chill; the symptoms partially relieved by other remedies there remains a dull weight and discomfort, with a distinct and considerable exacerbation setting in every evening, or in the fore-part of the night, ushered in by a slight chill; shiverings; chilly creepings, speedily succeeded by fever; heat and dryness of the skin; dryness of the mouth; thirst; restlessness; pains, and general uncomfortable feeling. A grain, 6th trituration, half-an-hour before the time of return, and every hour whilst it lasts. Veratrum Viride.-Chilliness, with nausea; coldness of the whole body, with some perspiration; often cold, especially on the hands, feet, and face; pale skin; flabby muscles; INFLAMMATION OF THE WOMB. 247 quick pulse. Its first curative effect is to render the pulse softer and weaker, without much lessening its frequency. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every two hours. Kreosote. The patient sinks down in bed utterly ex- hausted, with the knees drawn up; curious, anxious ex- pression; tightly knitted brow; low fever; acrid, offensive discharge from the vagina. Two drops, 1st dilution, every hour or half-hour, with weak injections of Carbolic Acid. Baptisia.-Uncomfortable burning heat-it is intense; the patient is as red as though she had been scalded; the tongue is red and dry, as if burnt-smarts, and is sore; per- spiration; vomiting; diarrhoea, with dark stools; great prostration; thirst; fetid breath; stupor. Two drops, 1st dilution, every hour. Arsenic.-Burning, throbbing, lancinating pains; the burning is like fire; constant restlessness; picking at the bed-clothes; a fixed persuasion of death, and great dread; un- quenchable thirst for cold water, the taking of a little even of which immediately intensifies the pain, preventing more being taken; pale, earthy look; pinched features. A grain, 6th trituration, every half-hour, dry on the tongue, or even oftener, gradually lengthening the interval as the patient improvės. Fomentations with flannel pads, wrung out of water as hot as it can be borne, must be applied from the first, and frequently repeated; a small blanket, doubled wide enough to reach from the thighs to the waist, and long enough to wrap loosely quite over the body on both sides, must be previously drawn gently under the patient; the flannels must. be well wrung-out so as not to drip. When Aconite is being taken, two teaspoonfuls of the strong tincture may be added to the water into which the pad is put. This disease, after child-birth, is apt to run on to abscess, to gangrene, or mortification and death, if the inflammation be at all severe : this, under Allopathy-which enjoins leeches to the abdomen and thighs, as well as to the womb, cup- S 248 UTERINE LEUCORRHEA. ping over the loins, bleeding from the arm, turpentine stupes, blisters, and linseed poultices--is its usual termina- tion, though a very rare one under Homœopathy. Inflammation of the lining membrane of the womb, or endometritis, is very commonly met with in the young, the unmarried, in the acute stage in the married, and about the change of life and after, in the sub-acute and chronic. It more generally comes under notice in the sub-acute form: there is general debility, malaise, headache, feverish- ness, and chilliness; some pain and discomfort " very low down" in the pelvis; it may, more or less, involve the vagina; the external parts may be swollen and tender, a discharge following the pain, in some cases, almost immediately; in others, after some interval; "at first thin, or serous and bloody; soon thick, yellowish, or greenish, ropy fluid, or purulent; on drying, it leaves yellow or greenish stains on the linen, which it stiffens as if starched: as the inflamma- tory condition lessens, the discharge becomes whiter, milky, and mixed with transparent pieces of thick mucus; it may then disappear, to show itself again at the menstrual period, after late hours, or any derangement of the general health.” Slight itching of vulva, the vagina, and, sometimes, of the uterus, with a sense of heat; pain in the small of the back; in the back; frequent desire to pass water-may be the first symptoms, then the discharge as described above. Some persons appear to have a predisposition to these attacks—a slight cause being sufficient to induce them- whilst, in most persons, no such effect would follow; it may be but an extension upwards from the vagina, or downwards from the body of the womb, or ovaries: it accompanies menstrual irregularities; is caused by displacements of the womb; by pessaries, if worn; by exposure to cold or damp. With many, this special inflammation, and its accompany- ing leucorrhoea, heralds by a month or two the setting-in of menstruation, as it does its cessation; it comes on a few days before the monthly period, or succeeds it for a day or so; or it comes instead of the menstrual flow at the time it is due, especially in the chlorotic. Not only is it accom- panied by leucorrhoea, it may lead to profuse menstruation, } 249 UTERINE LEUCORRHEA. or to true uterine hæmorrhage. Frequent child-bearing or abortions also produce it; the discharge being then white and inodorous: it may continue for months; conception is usually prevented; or, if it occurs, a miscarriage is the result, not in consequence of the leucorrhoea, but of the sub-acute inflammation of the lining membrane, which gives rise to it. Injections of cold water and other liquids may induce it. Anything, in fact, mechanical, functional, sympathetic, or organic, which disturbs the uterus without exciting inflam- mation of its deeper tissues. Leucorrhoea thus arising is not to be considered as a trifling matter, whilst it is an indication of inward mischief that ought to be remedied; it is excessively weakening; and, if allowed to continue, will effectually undermine the con- stitution. Uterine leucorrhoea is broadly distinguished from vaginal (though they often co-exist), by its unmistakeable connection with menstruation, as mentioned above. The article on Vaginal Leucorrhoea, at page 227, should be consulted. Aconite at the commencement, for general irritability of the system, feverishness, and chills. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every two hours. Baryta Carb.-Blood-stained, mucous leucorrhoea; palpi- tation; pain in the back; great debility; faintness; nausea; giving-way of the knees;-in hysteric or chlorotic patients, or those who are very liable to take cold; in those who have passed the "change of life." A grain, 6th trituration, every six hours. Belladonna.-Leucorrhoea with colic; the pains come on suddenly, and cease as suddenly; flushed face; throbbing headache. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Cocculus.-Scanty, irregular menstruation, with leucor- rhoea between the periods, or instead of the menses; the leucorrhoea is thin like whey, mixed with purulent, ichorous liquid. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every four hours. S 2 250 UTERINE LEUCORRHOEA. Kreosote.-Feeling of coldness, with distension in abdo- men; white leucorrhoea, with great debility; disposition to miscarriage; tightness at pit of stomach, with nausea. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every four hours. Prunus.-Leucorrhoea, excoriating the parts, and staining the linen yellow; menstruation every fortnight, with pains in the back; discharge of blood every day for eight or ten weeks, gradually becoming watery; profuse menstruation as a general habit. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every four hours. Silicea.-Pressure over the eyes; constipation; icy cold- ness of body; cold feet; melancholy; burning and soreness of pudendum; drawing pains between the shoulders; pain- ful, smarting leucorrhoea, or discharge of white, watery fluid. The infant, in nursing, refuses the mother's breast. A grain, 6th trituration, every six hours. Inflammation of the Neck of the Uterus is much more common than the other two varieties-that of the body or fundus of the womb, and the lining membrane. It seldom presents itself for treatment in the acute form, except as an extension of specific inflammation of the vagina. The in- flammation is not of an active kind; it may continue for a long time; and may show itself at an age from twenty to fifty in the single, as well as in the married. The neck of the uterus is much more exposed than the rest of the womb to the influences previously referred to as tending to cause inflammation of the womb: the effect of these may spend itself on this the lower portion, which it more commonly does as the part primarily acted on; since, as the lowest and most dependent portion of the womb, though not so plentifully supplied with blood-vessels and nerves, and consequently not very sensitive, the blood natu- rally gravitates thither; it may spread, in rare cases, to the body of the womb. It is sometimes but a manifestation of scrofula, herpes, or syphilis. It is often slight and insidious in its onset; and being attended, as the other two kinds are, by leucorrhoea secreted 1 ULCERATION OF THE WOMB. 251 by the glands of the cervix, its existence is overlooked-in fact, not suspected. The superficial erosions affect only the mucous membrane; they may exist for some time without the patient being conscious of anything more than uterine uneasi- ness of an indefinite character, and leucorrhoea, which is sometimes tinged with blood. Before long, the constitutional results render it tolerably certain that mischief is going on. Deranged digestion, nausea, and sickness at first at the monthly period, sometimes every morning on rising, almost like those of pregnancy; leucorrhoea; scanty, excessive, or irregular menstruation; often and painful urination; spinal irritation; pains in the hips, thighs, and under the left breast; bearing down, with sense of weight; nervous head- ache; depression of spirits; pressure on the top of the head and forehead; hysteria; pulse quickened, especially towards evening, and by even moderate exertion or excitement; a sickly, sallow look; flabbiness and loss of flesh. On the womb itself, the effects are increase in size and length of the cervix, or neck; alterations in colour and sensi- bility; a pressing forward of the womb itself; the mouth and cervix coated by discharge, or with abrasions, excoria- tions, or granulations, aphthous or readily bleeding. Ulceration, that is, actual loss of substance, very rarely takes place."Ulceration of the womb," which is largely written and talked about, in the great majority of cases, is nothing worse than abrasion or excoriation; being an ex- aggeration of terms calculated to mislead, as it is certainly adapted to alarm the patient-untrue, in fact, and mischiev- ous in its tendency, it should never be employed, except where appearances fully justify, and that will be very seldom indeed. A patient naturally concludes, on being told that she has ulceration, that some terrible local mischief is going on; to abate, and ultimately cure which, she submits to speculum examinations without end, and repeated applica- tions of caustic. Her thoughts are more and more centred on herself; every morbid tendency and feeling intensified; she feels that she has a right to be an invalid, and expects full tribute from everybody in that capacity. As to the use of caustics, Homœopathy discards them as 252 INFLAMMATION OF THE NECK OF THE WOMB. unnecessary, as hurtful, and as less efficacious than milder measures; in support of which, we can appeal to an Allopathic authority, who says, "I have never seen the necessity for the introduction of caustics; and no one who reflects on the delicate structure of the lining membrane at the entrance of the womb, would ever be induced to destroy a portion of it by such means." In the ordinary treatment of so-called "ulceration of the womb," the frequent employment of the speculum is an absolute necessity; it is confessedly of use where it is really required to see the condition of the parts, as it is to apply caustic or leeches, which are pretty often brought into requisition by those who know no better method; but laid aside as useless, hurtful, and barbarous, by those who practise Homœopathy. The speculum has been sadly abused, and far too frequently resorted to; it will never be employed by a physician who knows and feels the responsibilities of his position, except on occasions of most imperious necessity, especially as nearly all the information of any value, in treating a case which it imparts, can be gathered by other and less objectionable methods of investigation. Induration, or hardness of a portion, is another result of this inflammation. The treatment must be mainly constitu- tional, though local applications may be advantageously resorted to, when erosion or induration is known absolutely to be present. The preferable plan is, to take the most pro- minent symptoms, as dyspepsia, nausea, giddiness, hysteria, spinal irritation, bearing-down leucorrhoea, and give the medicine that most nearly applies to the state presented. The following medicines apply to the erosions and abrasions of various kinds, and to the inflammation which produces them: Arsenic.-Dyspepsia; morning nausea; retching; vomit- ing; oppression at the stomach; loss of flesh; depression of spirits; humid induration; aphthous patches, which easily bleed; corroding, or fetid, thin leucorrhoea; menstrual irregularity. A grain, 6th trituration, every six hours. ULCERATION OF THE WOMB. 253 Baptisia.-Debility; physical and mental depression; nervous prostration; virulent leucorrhoea, or acrid, fetid dis- charge; dull, heavy pains in the loins; profuse menstrua- tion, and too early in its return. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every four hours, and an injection of one part to eight of water. Belladonna. Frontal, throbbing, or jerking headache, with fulness and giddiness; peevish agitation; hysteria; feeling of fulness and weight in the uterine region; profuse menstruation; the neck of the womb is swollen and sensi- tive; increased temperature of the part, or induration, with sharp pains. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every four hours, and an injection of one part to eight. Caulophyllum.-Aphthæ on cervix, and leucorrhoea ; hysteria; painful menstruation; tremulous weakness of the whole body; restlessness and nervousness; skin hot and dry in the morning; heat in the stomach; slight nausea, with fulness; empty eructations; thirst; distension of the abdo- men; constipation or diarrhoea, with deficiency of bile. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Cornus Circinata.-Nausea; bitter taste; aversion to all kinds of food; tasteless eructations; fulness of the stomach; heavy pulsations; faintness; drawing pains from the stomach to the lower part of the abdomen; slight griping pains. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every three hours. Helonias. Generally anemic and torpid condition of all functions; leucorrhoea; absent, profuse, or painful men- struation; liability to abortion; pain in the back; frequent palpitation; bearing down. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every four hours. Hydrastis. Superficial abrasion and erosion of the mouth of the womb; great tenderness of it; gone, faint feeling at the stomach, and dull aching; constipation, or slight relief of light acrid matter; constant distress about 1 254 ULCERATION OF THE WOMB. the navel; rumbling, soreness of the bowels, or simply flatulence, distension, and painful digestion; leucorrhoea. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every four hours, with injection of the strong tincture, one part to eight. Mercurius Corrosivus.-For the rheumatic, scrofulous, or syphilitic: the erosion looks whitish or bleeding; itching or burning sensation; leucorrhoea. Two drops, 5th dilution, every four hours. Sanguinaria. Slight nausea; pains in the loins, extend- ing to the lower part of the bowels and groins, and down the thighs; pain in right side of head and forehead; suppres- sion; painful, or too profuse, or unnatural menstruation; corrosive or fetid leucorrhoea. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every four hours, and injection, one part to eight. Sepia. For the delicate, with fine skins: melancholy; yellow, watery, or milky leucorrhoea; or corrosive, fetid, or greenish red; bearing down; induration of neck of uterus; liability to sick headache; suppression, or painful men- struation. A grain, 6th trituration, every four hours. Silicea. Erosion or induration; painful, smarting, white, watery, or milky leucorrhoea, preceded by cutting pain at navel; itching of pudendum; coldness of the body; pressure over the eyes; cold feet; anguish or melancholy; drawing between the shoulders; constipation; too early, too feeble, retarded, diminished, or suppressed menstruation. A grain, 6th trituration, every four hours. Sulphur.-For the anemic, chlorotic, or scrofulous: ach- ing pains in the head; flushes of heat and redness of the face; dizziness; buzzing in the ears; slimy, yellowish, cor- rosive leucorrhoea; suppression of profuse or unnatural men- struation. A grain, 6th trituration, every six hours. Thuja. For slow, progressive enlargement, with indura- ULCERATION OF THE WOMB. 255 tion of the cervix: headache, with sensation as if a button were pressing on it; constipation, preceded by diarrhoea. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every six hours, with an injection of one part to eight. Phytolacca. For induration : frequent urination, especi- ally at night; constipation; pain in right side; general weakness, discomfort, and lassitude; rheumatic pains; neu- ralgia. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every four or six hours, and by injection. Calendula is most useful in abrasion of the mouth of the womb, especially if resulting from mechanical injury. In any case it has certainly all the good effects ever claimed for caustic, without any of its destructive powers. - Two drops, 2nd dilution, every six hours; an injection, twice a day, of one part of the strong tiucture to eight of water. In order to the due administration of an injection, the patient must lie on her back, with her legs drawn up, and the hips elevated by one or two pillows. The injection is best given by an india-rubber bottle with an elastic pipe: this must be gently introduced some little distance, and the medicated fluid retained sufficiently long to exert an in- fluence. It is advisable to use a little tepid water before the other liquid, allowing it to return before the medicated injection is employed. Contraction, or what is called Stricture of the Mouth of the Womb, permanent in its nature, and of such an extent as to render menstruation extremely painful, frequently results. from the use of caustics: it is usually to be overcome by gradual, careful dilatation. Hysteralgia, neuralgia of the womb, or irritable uterus, is a condition far short of inflammation; but troublesome, wearing, and often most distressing. It is generally a sign of a rheumatic constitution, and is accompanied by rheu- matic pains elsewhere; it is also associated with, and some- times produces, spinal irritation; it is frequently an attend- ant of displacement of the womb-so much so, that in every case of irritable uterus, displacement may be suspected: it 256 NEURALGIA OF THE WOMB. is not, however, invariably the case, though there may be inability to stand without discomfort; faintness; general sense of weakness; pressure and bearing down; pain aggra- vated by motion, walking, sneezing, and coughing, and by menstruation in a most decided manner. The state of irrita- tion may be slow and protracted, with a perceptible influence on the mouth and neck of the womb, or it may be neuralgic and intermittent. In Irritable Uterus, we have general heightened sensi- bility and irritability; pallor; weakness; flush, and palpi- tation on slight exertion; chilliness; dry skin; cold feet; headache; deranged appetite and bowels; urine high-coloured, or plentiful and pale; the pain in abdomen and back not always relieved by lying down. Leucorrhoea and extreme tenderness of the mouth and neck of the womb are present ; the patient cannot sit down quickly on a hard seat without considerable pain. Neuralgia of the Womb is an affection of the nerves of the body of the uterus, and is the occasion of most intense suffering; it comes on in paroxysms, and then goes off, or nearly so, to return again. It may be the result of exposure or cold, or a local symptom of general debility. Aconite.-Dry skin; heat; chilliness; pains gnawing, burning, hard, aching, or screwing; frequent urination. Two drops, 1st dilution, every half or quarter of an hour. Belladonna applies to both irritable uterus and neu- ralgia of the womb; there is swelling, congestion, fulness and weight, and burning; creeping, cutting, tearing, draw- ing, stabbing, and stinging pains, coming on and going off suddenly, with lameness of the back and joints. Three drops, 2nd dilution, every quarter, half-hour, or hour. Bryonia acts upon the extremities of the nerves and the capillaries, and is Homœopathic to symptoms intermediate between inflammation and nervous irritation, and pains of a rheumatic nature. It also acts specifically on the uterus; its pains much resemble those of Belladonna: they are, however, spasmodic, and cause a sickening feeling. There is IRRITABLE UTERUS. 257 pain in the small of the back, headache, constipation, and sallow complexion. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every half-hour or hour. Chamomilla.-Increased heat of the body; flushes and heat of the face; quickened pulse; increased palpitation; deranged biliary secretion; anguish, with most violent fits of nervous pain; violent throbbing headache; great excite- ment; the patient throws herself violently about, not know- ing what to do. Two drops, 1st dilution, every ten minutes or quarter of an hour. - Conium. In weakly, scrofulous constitutions; nervous prostration and spinal tenderness: the symptoms are not nearly as acute as those calling for the remedies previously mentioned. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every three hours. Caulophyllum.-Fulness, heaviness, and tension at the bottom of the abdomen; drawing in the groins; profuse secretion of mucus from vagina; the pains are spasmodic and crampy; rheumatic pains and stiffness, specially of fingers and toes. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every two hours. Cimicifuga. Heaviness, weight, and bearing-down in uterine region; torpor of lower extremities; increased se- cretion of pale urine; chills and prickling sensations in the breasts; acute headache on the left side; dizziness; dul- ness; tired feeling; nervous weakness; sensitiveness to cold air; restlessness; general illness; rheumatic, dull pains in the limbs, with a numbing sensation; irritation of the spine. Three drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Cypripedium.-Enfeebled, exhausted irritability and want of power; restlessness; trembling; irascibility; fret- fulness; agitation at the least contradiction; sleeplessness; there is pain and distress, not owing to inflammation, con- gestion, or organic change, but to a peculiar irritability. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every two or three hours. 258 PROLAPSUS OF THE WOMB. Gelseminum.-Pains congestive, acute, sudden, and darting a shade less in acuteness than where Aconite applies -followed by prostration; general sensation of heaviness in the uterine region; increased leucorrhoea. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every two or three hours. Helonias. Pains in the lower part of the back, through to the womb, piercing and drawing; breasts swollen; nipples tender, they will not bear the least pressure; anemia; torpor and atony of the uterine system; leucorrhoea. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every three hours. M Platina.-Painful drawing in both groins; pressure in the lower part of the abdomen, with qualmishness; internal chills and coldness; leucorrhoea, like white of egg. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three or six hours. Sabina.-Oppressive heaviness in the abdomen-more violent when pressing upon it; painful drawing in the small of the back, especially when bending backward; severe stitches deep in the vagina, from before backwards; milky leucorrhoea, with itching. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Displacements of the Uterus-Prolapsus or Descent- Retroversion and Anteflexion.-Bearing-down of the womb may mean an actual descent of the organ itself; or a sensa- tion of weight, dragging, and pain in the back, or simulative prolapsus; displacement, with corresponding symptoms; or the symptoms only, with very little, if any, perceptible dis- placement. It will be advisable, at first, to treat the symptoms which present themselves: if these abate under the exhibition of the corresponding medicine, it will be amply sufficient for all practical purposes. If they do not, and the medicine has been carefully selected, we may be sure we have to do with an actual alteration in the position of the womb. A descent of the uterus may result from general debility, especially if combined with a leuco-phlegmatic temperament BEARING-DOWN OF THE WOMB. 259 and roomy pelvis; from inflammation and enlargement of the organ itself; from lifting heavy weight; from over-exer- tion, or undue walking at a menstrual period; from falls, or concussions on the back or hips; from a relaxed vagina; from the use of Ergot of Rye, manual interference, or instrumental delivery in labour; from injury to the soft parts; from a violent cough, setting-in soon after confinement; from putting the feet to the ground, and getting about too soon after delivery; from the effect of too frequent abortion or child-bearing. The actual descent may be slight, or the womb may present at the orifice of the vagina, or even beyond it (procidentia); or it may be so extensive that the entire organ, as in the case sometimes of a fibroid tumour, may be forced altogether beyond the external parts, and lie between the thighs. In the slighter forms of prolapsus, the extent to which the womb falls depends greatly upon the time of day, and the amount of exercise and exertion gone through. After a night's rest, or after lying down, as may be expected, it is not nearly so low. The sensations produced by a descent of the womb vary considerably. They may be scarcely observed, or may occasion considerable distress and incon- venience. They are worse when it occurs suddenly, and generally more complained of by the unmarried than the married. They are-pain in the back; uneasiness in the groins and labia; fulness; dragging from the hips, especi- ally when standing; bearing down; sick, faint feeling at the stomach; special inability to stand, except for a very short time, without these pains being brought on or aggravated- to lift or reach anything, or to raise the arms above the head; coughing or sneezing often attended by a sharp pain ; increased leucorrhoea; a desire often to pass water, which is attended sometimes by straining; pain in the direction of the vagina when sitting down, especially on a hard seat; the menses are either profuse, prolonged, or too frequent; the digestive organs more or less affected; there is constipation, and the general health suffers. If the prolapsus continue for a time, the neck of the womb increases in size and length; the womb itself enlarges, especially when purgatives are habitually or frequently used. In married persons, there — 260 DISPLACEMENTS OF THE WOMB. is generally associated with descent of the womb, a lax, flabby, or pendulous state of the abdomen. In some cases, the top of the fundus, or body of the womb, is tilted completely backwards, so that the uterus may lie. horizontally, or nearly so, between the bladder and the rectum it is then called the retroversion of the womb. Such an accident may be caused by suddenly lifting a heavy weight, especially when the bladder happens to be nearly or quite full. The danger of this accident happening is very frequently and foolishly risked by ladies of all ages; pre-occupation, carelessness, or false delicacy inducing them, as a habit, to go for long periods without relieving the bladder. In the earlier months of pregnancy, retroversion is not at all uncommon, from no other cause than a distended bladder. If retroversion takes place from lifting, there is a sudden sensation of something falling, severe pain in the loins, forcing-down, and vomiting, perhaps, of blood, followed by pain on relieving the bowels, pain from the womb, pressing in the bladder as it gets full, and great difficulty in emptying it. When the retroversion takes place more gradually, the same symptoms are observed, but not so rapidly. Attention to the state of the bladder, the general health, the bowels, and lying on the stomach night and day for a time, are often sufficient to relieve it. In retroflexion of the womb, the neck of the uterus remains in its right position, whilst the body of the womb is bent backwards. In anteflexion, the body of the womb is bent forward, whilst the neck and mouth of the uterus remain in their right position. Partial retroflexion is not at all uncommon in unmarried women. Anteflexion is very much more rarely met with than re- troflexion or retroversion, and it does not give rise to nearly so much inconvenience, except that the irritation of the urethra, difficulty of passing water, and other disturbances of the urinary apparatus, are strongly marked. Every case in which the symptoms of displacement of any kind are manifested, must be carefully considered, according to the individual features presented, the probable causes, DISPLACEMENTS OF THE WOMB. 261 and the circumstances and position of the patient. Scrupu- lous attention must be paid to the state of the general health, and of the bladder and bowels, which, when no mechanical obstruction exists, can, by Homoeopathic medi- cines and occasional injections, be duly regulated. Q0) In cases of long standing, an examination may be neces- sary, the womb have to be replaced, and the patient kept for a time to the bed and couch, in the position best calculated to counteract the direction of the displacement; afterwards ordinary attention, suitable rest and medicine, will keep the uterus in position, and prevent a return. Where there is considerable relaxation of the abdominal walls, as in those who have had large families, or from debility or disease, as in dropsy, an elastic bandage, with a small, inflated pad, will be of great service. Pessaries, of various sizes, shapes, and material, are still advised. At the very best they can only relieve a portion of the discomfort, whilst they generally cause others, equally great; they must make an enlarged vagina still larger, or, at all events, counteract its contraction; their constant pressure cannot possibly benefit the mouth of the womb, but must injure it, and produce induration or erosion; they cannot affect relaxed ligaments, except to further weaken them by relieving them of their office of suspension; nor can they, by any possibility, strengthen the flabby muscles of the abdomen. Pessaries are filthy abominations in themselves, a cheat and a delusion as to any relief they give, and fruitful sources of further mischief. Ladies should never wear them, even under medical advice, much less adopt them of their own accord, or recommend them to one another. A perineal bandage, or an elastic one for the abdomen, with inflated pad, properly made and fitted, is often found to be a great comfort. From what has already been stated, it may be inferred that almost all our medicines, in so far as they apply to the symptoms and the general health, may find a place in the treatment of displacements of the womb. A few are sub- joined, bearing more directly on the affections comprehended under the term. 262 DISPLACEMENTS OF THE WOMB. Aconite.-Inflammation of the parts, and burning pains, the result of sudden prolapsus. Complete rest on the back in bed, and two drops, 1st dilution, every hour. Arnica.-When the accident arises from straining, lift- ing, or concussion. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every hour. Belladonna.-Great pressure and forcing, felt most in the morning, with heat and dryness of the vagina; drawing pains all round, coming on and going off suddenly; the back feels as though it would break. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every two or three hours. Nux Vomica.-Congestion of the uterus, from obstruc- tion of the abdominal circulation, and varicose condition of the uterine vessels; nausea; qualmishness; constipation; restless morning sleep; pressure towards the genital organs early in bed, or during a walk; abdomen feels contracted; great inability to stand; pain in small of back, which makes it very troublesome to turn over in bed; frequent urination, little and often; is passed with much burning pain. It ap- plies to the after-treatment of the displacement from strain- ing, and to recent and long-standing cases, when there is a dry cough, and a sense of tightening round the lowest part of the abdomen. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Caulophyllum.-Of great service in allaying the severe uterine spasms which sometimes set in from sudden retro- version of the womb, as from lifting, or in miscarriage. Three drops, 1st dilution, every quarter of an hour. Cimicifuga.-Congestion, general or cervical; leucor- rhoea; displacements after abortion, from getting up too soon after confinement, or from deficient nerve power. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours, aided by injection of one part to eight. Calcarea. For pale, leuco-phlegmatic temperaments: DISPLACEMENTS OF THE WOMB. 263 sense of inward coldness; the least exposure to cold air chills her through and through; feet and legs feel cold and damp; giddiness and shortness of breath on going upstairs; menses too frequent and too profuse, the least excitement causing their return; heaviness and painful weight in the limbs; great fatigue on walking; constant aching in the vagina. A grain, 6th trituration, night and morning. Graphites.-Delaying menses; too pale and scanty before and during the menses; a dry cough, fatiguing the chest, and tearing pain in the pit of the stomach; bearing down and weight; constipation; nausea and sickness in the morning. A grain, 6th trituration, night and morning. Lachesis. Where displacement occurs in connection with, or in consequence of," the change of life;" pain in and over uterus, as if swollen; pressure cannot be borne; the dress has constantly to be lifted up; violent pain of long standing in the right groin, extending either towards the genital organs, or upwards towards the liver or chest; pain- ful oblong swelling and hardness over the right ovary, aggravated by exertion or excitement. Three drops, 30th dilution, every three hours. Jag Lycopodium.-Pressure through the vagina on stooping; sense of dryness there; croaking and rumbling of flatus in the bowels; great pain in the back previous to any passing of urine; relief when it is passed; a deposit of red sand. A grain, 6th trituration, every six hours. Podophyllum.-Prolapsus of uterus, or of uterus and vagina, specially after confinement; bearing-down pain at the very bottom of the back, increased by motion and stand- ing; relieved by lying down; rumbling of flatus in abdomen, with mucous and slimy relief, though infrequent. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Helonias. Distress in the ovarian region, with bearing T 264 POLYPI AND METRORRHAGIA. down and leucorrhoea; the complexion is sallow, unhealthy, pale, and earthy-looking; general debility. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every three hours. Sabina. Painful congestion of the womb, with weight and bearing down; leucorrhoea milky, starch-like, or ichor- ous and fetid; discharge of it comes on every fortnight, in place of menstruation; delayed, irregular, or unnatural menstruation; itching of the pudendum. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every four hours. Sepia.-Displacement of the uterus, with bearing down; painful stiffness, apparently in the uterus; induration of the neck of the uterus, with prolapsus; vaginal leucorrhoea, yellow or greenish; pressing in the womb, interfering with the breathing; feeling as if everything would come out of the vagina-the legs have to be crossed to relieve it; weight at the anus before and after an evacuation; emptiness at the pit of the stomach; a clay-like sediment in urine. A grain, 6th trituration, every four hours. Sulphur.-Weak feeling in the genital organs; burning in vagina, which prevents her keeping still; difficulty of walking erect; weak and faint; sleep either heavy or dis- turbed; heat on the top of the head; cold feet; hot and frequent flushes; bad sick headaches, which weaken her. A grain, 6th trituration, every four or six hours. Polypi and Tumours of the Womb, with Metrorrhagia, or Flooding.-Prolapsus, or displacement of the uterus, is sometimes an attendant of more serious mischief than any indicated in the last section. It may arise from the efforts of the womb to get rid of some foreign body or growth, as a polypus or tumour. It does not always, therefore, follow that if, in a given case of bearing down, relief from Homœo- pathy is not so speedy as could be wished, it is the medicine that is at fault. Polypi, or tumours, may not at first occasion any great uneasiness: after a time they give rise, not only to bearing- down and dragging sensations, but sometimes to violent : POLYPI AND METRORRHAGIA. 265 efforts of the uterus to expel them, much resembling labour- pains. They are also accompanied by a gradual increase of the menses, until they attain a very considerable amount; then discharge or flooding, it may be to an alarming extent, shows itself at uncertain times, especially after any exertion or excitement: this is technically termed Metrorrhagia, or Flooding from the Womb-a sign which is never long absent from the existence of polypi. ; Polypi are pendulous tumours growing from a mucous surface, and are either enlargements or alteration of the natural structure of the interior of the womb and its canal they grow from a stalk or stem; are of very varying size; and are often found extended into the vagina, though springing from, and deriving their support from, the womb. We have the mucous, gelatinous, or soft polypus, com- posed of an expansion of mucous membrane, and sometimes, in addition, a loosely-connected fibro-cellular substance, covered by the ordinary epithelium of the part. This kind is not very frequent: it may present itself singly, or in clusters; is of rapid growth, often attaining a size to fill the cavity completely. It is attached by a very slender but short pedicle, and often returns if removed. Fibrous polypi are of dense, firm structure, connected by a stem of some thickness with the uterine walls, with which, in a compressed form, their substance is almost identical: they are round, but nodulated on their surface, greyish- white externally, and internally almost destitute of blood- vessels. They usually grow rapidly, attain a considerable size, and, by their pressure, occasion much mischief. Their presence is usually attended by a copious watery discharge, alternating, it may be, with sanguineous and general pro- fuse menstruation. I removed one weighing four pounds; there was no hemorrhage at the time, and no return of the polypus, which had never occasioned other than a very plentiful, dirty, watery discharge. This form is the most - common. The follicular polypi consist of vesicles, or cysts, attached by a stalk to some part of the canal of the cervix of the T2 266 UTERINE POLYPI. } womb, varying from the size of currants to that of a kidney bean, often not projecting much beyond the surface of the mucous membrane. They are filled with white albuminous fluid; may occur singly, or in a cluster, not only in the canal of the cervix, but also in that of the nose and ear. allowed to remain, they produce absorption of the surround- ing tissues. They are easily removable by torsion, but may If return. As the glands of the part are usually much enlarged, there is considerable leucorrhoea, hæmorrhage, and sometimes bearing down. The vascular polypus is found in the nose, ear, rectum, and cervical canal of uterus. As its name implies, it is bright red, spongy; bleeds freely if injured; grows slowly; is small -two or three may co-exist: it soon returns after removal. It is regarded by some authorities as the precursor of cancer. Polypi are found any time during the years of the menstrual activity of the uterus-rather, however, towards its height or decline. They are the result of perverted activity, and also of constitutional predisposition. It is an established fact, that the formation, the nutrition, and consequent growth of polipi and tumours, may be prevented by consti- tutional Homœopathic treatment: the tumour is not the disease, but rather occasioned by disease. Dr. West points out, that nature, unaided, often sets up efforts of detachment by the decay of the pedicle, ulceration of the capsule, by disintegration, and getting rid of the tumours piecemeal. Fibrous tumour of the uterus is identical, in nature and structure, with fibrous polypus; it is, however, an out-growth, not an attachment. Hæmorrhage, or flooding, coming on suddenly, and without apparent cause, is the great distinguishing symptom of poly- pus and tumour of the womb; also profuse watery dis- charge, bearing-down, dragging, and, very often, expulsive pains. Threatened miscarriage bears a resemblance to these symptoms; but sterility is the usual accompaniment, and the hæmorrhage is usually more in the case of tumours or polypi. An examination of the patient sets the matter at rest. FLOODING. 267 A sudden stoppage of urine, where no hysterical symptoms are present, is sometimes the first thing that leads to a suspicion of uterine tumour. Tumours of the uterus may be outside it, within its walls, underneath its lining, in the interior of its body, in the canal of the cervix. When they attain any size they produce an enlargement, which may be mistaken for pregnancy. Metrorrhagia, or flooding, may be produced, not only by polypus, tumour, or miscarriage, but also from chronic congestion, or from atony and general want of power, and relaxed condition of the womb and uterine vessels. When proceeding from these latter causes, it is amenable to the same treatment as profuse menstruation, or menor- rhagia. The hæmorrhage of metrorrhagia may be bright arterial blood, or dark and venous. In addition to the causes enumerated, it may arise from accident, violence, excessive exertion, or sudden shock and emotion; from cancer, and after, or in consequence of, child-birth; at the cessation of menstruation, or the change of life. There also exists, in some persons, a marked predisposition to hæmorrhage, in whom it takes place more readily, and is far less easily controlled than in other people: this is called "the hæmorrhagic diathesis." Nothing, perhaps, more vividly demonstrates the rapid and surprising effects of Homoeopathy than its power to arrest and subdue flooding. I have seen extreme and alarming cases, when moments were precious, and the life-stream gush- ing away, checked almost immediately by China and Ipe- cacuanha. My Cold, wet cloths may be constantly applied, and fre- quently changed; the most perfect rest and quiet enjoined ; everything be taken quite cool; ice sucked; and one or other of the following medicines administered :— Aconite. Flooding during pregnancy, in females of bilious or plethoric habits, or at the menstrual period, or setting-in after miscarriage, or delivery at full term; the blood is bright red; dizziness; rush of blood to the head; 268 FLOODING. palpitation; feeble, nervous pulse; coldness of the extremi- ties; sickness and bearing down. Three drops of strong tincture to a wine-glassful of water; a teaspoonful every five, ten minutes, quarter, or half-hour, according to severity of symptoms. Apocynum Cannabinum.-Coming on in the men- strual period, during earlier months of pregnancy, or after delivery; great irritability of the stomach, and vomiting; blood usually expelled in large clots, sometimes fluid, ceas- ing for a time, and returning when the vital powers rally; patient may be almost pulseless, and disposed to faint on raising the head from the pillow. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every hour or half-hour, Arnica. From vascular polypi, or caused from a fall, shock to the system, or concussion; blood bright red, or mixed with clots; nausea at the pit of the stomach; heat about the head, and cool extremities. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every hour. Arsenic. Flooding in emaciated, debilitated persons, with darting, burning pains; disorganisation of the uterus or ovaries during eruptive fevers, such as small-pox, or when thrush appears in the mouth. A grain, 6th trituration, every two hours. Calcarea. In persons who commonly menstruate too often, too much, and too long; cold, damp feet; leuco- phlegmatic constitution; swelling of the pit of the stomach, like a saucer turned bottom upwards; giddiness on stoop- ing, on rising again, or on going upstairs. A grain, 6th trituration, every three hours. Caulophyllum.-After abortion or labour; from de- ficient contractility of the womb. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every three hours. Chamomilla.-Dark blood, with strong, offensive odour ; violent pressing pains at the bottom of the bowels; tearing FLOODING. 269* pains in the legs; frequent passing of colourless urine; great irascibility. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every one or two hours. China. Flooding from atony of uterus, after mis- carriage or labour, or at any other time, when there is much loss of blood; or to counteract the effects of violent hæmorrhage, as ringing in the ears, heaviness of the head, giddiness, faintness, loss of sight, debility; the patient is cold and blue, with single jerks and shocks through the body; discharge of clots of black blood, with spasms of the uterus; colic; a desire to urinate. Three drops, 2nd dilution, every quarter or half-hour. - Crocus. After abortion or delivery, or from violent ex- ertion, as running, walking, or dancing, or taking stimu- lants; it is dark and stringy; anxiety; flushes of heat; pricklings of the skin; small, quick pulse; qualmishness; a sense of rolling and bounding, of something alive in bowels or stomach. C Two drops, 2nd dilution, every one or two hours. Erigeron. Profuse, with violent irritation of lower bowel and bladder; diarrhoea, and difficulty of passing water. M Two drops, 1st dilution, every hour or two hours. G Ferrum.-Bright or dark discharge, even in cases when the womb is organically diseased, with ardent, red face, hard quick pulse; after labour or abortion; frequent dis- charges of partly fluid and partly black blood, clotted, with violent labour-like pains in the abdomen and loins; pulse full, hard, and frequent; shudderings; headache and giddi- ness; constipation and hot urine. Two drops, 1st dilution, every half or quarter of an hour. Hamamelis.-Caused by a fall; the flow is steady, dark in colour, and without uterine pains; or bright red, with no coagula, coming on midway between the menstrual periods. Two drops, 1st or 2nd dilution, every hour or two hours. 270 FLOODING. Ipecacuanha.-Constant flow of bright-red blood; cut- ting pain about the navel; pressure towards the uterus; nausea; dizziness; headache; patient feels cold, and looks pale; after confinement, or from retained after-birth; chronic discharge, alternating with leucorrhoea. Three drops, 2nd dilution, every quarter or half-hour. Lachesis. Painless hæmorrhage, coming on at "the change," after the menses have stopped, or generally with chills at night, and flushes of heat during the day; pain in right ovarian region, ceasing only when the discharge comes Two drops, 30th dilution, every three hours. on. K Nux Vomica.-Also useful at critical age, after labour, or whenever there is a constant drain, and weakening, sicken- ing attacks of faintness; constipation; frontal or general headache; bearing-down pain in the small of back; dys- pepsia. Adapted for those who live well, or who stay at home and sit much. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every three hours. Phosphorus. After difficult labour, between the periods, or during pregnancy; general weakness; cold hands; rush of blood to the head, and palpitation; excessive sensitiveness; unusual excitement of feeling. Adapted to tall thin patients, with sallow complexion, or to those with dry, smooth, trans- parent, waxy skins. Three drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Phytolacca.-In cases connected with ulceration of the mouth of the womb. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours, with injection of the same. Platina.-Dark, thick blood; pain in the small of the back, in both groins and thighs; bearing-down sensation, as of a ball moving about in the abdomen, or of the body growing larger in every direction; thirst, and complete want of appetite; blood partly fluid, and partly dark, thick pieces; anguish about the heart; trembling of hands and FLOODING. 271 feet; small, feeble pulse; flushed face; hysteric depression; debility, and great sensitiveness of the genital organs. Very useful for pregnant females. Half a grain, 6th trituration, every four hours. Pulsatilla.-Profuse at times; at others intermitting, and mixed with clots; apt to be most at night or in the evening, particularly at the change of life; cutting, tearing, bearing- down pains; discharge viscid, clotty, thick and dark, or pale and watery. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every two hours. Sabina. Loss of florid, bright-red blood after mis- carriage, with labour-like pains, extending to the groins and thighs; or coagulated lumps of black blood with thin, watery blood; tearing pains in the head, and left half of face; great languor, or painless loss of dark-red blood, im- mediately after delivery. Used in pregnancy, next to Ipecacuanha. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every half-hour, hour, or two hours. M Sanguinaria. Flooding from existence of polypi, or ulcerations of the os uteri, or threatened abortion, in con- sumptive patients, with discharge of black blood; slight nausea; pains in back, abdomen, and thighs. Two drops, 1st dilution, every three hours, with injections in the case of polypus and ulcerated os. Secale.-Flow of dark and sometimes fetid blood, or red, fluid blood, attendant on miscarriage or labour, with strong spasmodic contraction of the womb; every discharge is pre- ceded by such contraction, or by distressing bearing-down pains; hæmorrhage, accompanying expulsion of polypi; from atony of an exhausted uterus, as from tedious labour; the patient is prostrate, with cold extremities; paroxysms of retching and vomiting; pulse low and hurried; discharge fluid, mingled with dark, badly-smelling coagulæ; may terminate in putrescence of the womb. Useful for feeble, cachectic constitutions. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every half-hour, hour, or two hours., A 272 FLOODING-POLYPI AND TUMOURS. Sepia. Chronic loss, excited by the least cause; sense of weight at the anus; constipation; fits of coldness; icy cold feet; flushes of general heat; empty feeling at the pit of the stomach; urine fetid, with sediment as of burnt clay. A grain, 6th trituration, every six hours. Sulphur.-Chronic hæmorrhage; patient gets almost well, when it begins again-this may continue for weeks; flushes of heat; heat on the top of the head; attacks of faintness; light sleep; frequent and urgent desire for food. A grain, 6th dilution, every twelve hours. Trillium.-Excessive flooding at irregular times, bring- ing patient very low; the blood is dark, thick, and clotted, continuing several days; pain in back; nausea; chills; fainting; or during pregnancy, or at the commencement of labour, or in persons whose labours are always followed by alarming hæmorrhage. It will succeed when other remedies fail, or only partially relieve. Three drops, 1st dilution, every ten minutes, quarter, or half-hour. Medicines suited to Polypi and Tumours.—Several of those just mentioned as applying to the flooding—Arnica, Arsenic, Calcarea, Erigeron, Nux Vomica, Phosphorus, Phytolacca, Sanguinaria, Secale, Trillium; as well as the following. Conium. In cases where the glands of the cervical canal are enlarged; and also where intermission in the flow of the urine is a symptom; the breasts are sore, and swell before the menstrual period; giddiness on turning the head, or on turning the head when lying in bed; frequent sensa- tions of numbness. Three drops, 3rd dilution, every four hours. Graphites.-Chronic constipation; menstruation is apt to delay a few days; pressure and beating at the pit of the stomach; morning nausea; palpitation; pain in the bowels after they have been relieved; swelling of the lower abdo- POLYPI AND TUMOURS. 273 men; profuse watery leucorrhoea; tenesmus of bladder, followed by a flow of watery urine. A grain, 6th trituration, night and morning. Iodine. Internally and by injection, in the case of follicular polypi: some of its symptoms closely resemble those of Ipecacuanha; debility; wasting; dryness of the skin; delayed menses; heartburn; dizziness; beatings in the head. Two drops, 6th dilution, every six hours; injections of 1st dilution. Ignatia.- Expulsive bearing-down; pressure on the uterus, as in labour; discharge of black, badly-smelling blood; pressure on the bladder; frequent unsuccessful urg- ing to stool; nausea and anxiety, without being able to vomit; distress at stomach, caused by food; appetite ceases as soon as patient begins to eat. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Kali Hydriodicum.-Thin, watery, profuse leucorrhoea; scanty or painful menstruation, with pressure and griping in lower part of abdomen; the upper part of the thighs feels as if tightly squeezed; continual shuddering; bruised, aching pain in small of back and groins; heat in the lower part of the bowels, which does not bear external warmth ; frequent yawning, languor, and weakness; chilliness, with goose-flesh, nausea, and pressure in the stomach; inclination to vomit increased by movement. Three drops, 3rd dilution, every six hours. Lycopodium.-As a constitutional remedy where polypi exist; in those of mild disposition and lymphatic tempera- ment; very susceptible to cold, to leucorrhoea, and mucous discharges, or profuse menstruation; faintness; emaciation. and failure of strength; sallow complexion; cold extremi- ties; want of appetite; slow and depraved digestion; rumbling of flatus in the bowels; constipation, and slow degeneration of the skin. A grain, 6th dilution, every six hours. Ÿ 274 POLYPI AND TUMOURS. Nitric Acid.-Flesh-coloured or green leucorrhoea, or consisting of tenacious mucus, that can be drawn out in shreds; pressing in the abdomen, as if everything would pass out; pain in back, through the hips, and down thighs; very strong-smelling urine. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Opium.-Under the external and internal use of this drug, both nasal and uterine polypi have completely disappeared when they have returned after extirpation. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every six hours, and touching the polypus with a camel's-hair pencil moistened with the strong tincture. Sepia.-Chronic flooding, excited again by the least cause; enlargement of the abdomen. Most useful at critical age. A grain, 6th trituration, every twelve hours. Staphysagria. Frequent urging, with scanty discharge of red-looking urine; cutting in the bowels; urging to stool; pressure in the stomach, as from a load, early in the morning; nausea, as if vomiting would come on; repeated effort after relief of the bowels, without accomplishing any- thing; depression of spirits; irritability, and refractory, re- pulsive mood. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every four hours. Thuja. Internally and locally, for easily-bleeding, fungous growths, which may possibly have a sycosic origin. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every six hours; touching, also, with the pure tincture. Iodide of Arsenic. In high dilutions for a course of Iodide of Mercury. medicine, not too frequently re- S peated, and not given below the 30th, where there is much debility and rapid increase, or where the system has been previously weakened by Allopathic doses of Mercury. ; TUMOURS AND CANCER OF UTERUS. 275 It is sometimes difficult to demonstrate the existence of a polypus or tumour. With regard to tumours, the balancing of constitutional symptoms, the stethoscope to distinguish them from pregnancy, and the uterine sound to determine their size and position, will guide to a decision; and with polypi, examination and the speculum. The best surgical treatment for fibroid tumours, is freely to cut through the inner and outer os by Simpson's hystero- tome, well plugging the vagina after: in the case of fibrous polypi, to apply a ligature tightly, and at once remove the polypus, giving constitutional remedies afterwards: the fol- licular polypus can, if desired, be removed by torsion. Cauliflower Excrescence is a granular outgrowth from the lips of the uterus, occurring at all periods of life; by some not considered malignant, as it may have a syphilitic origin. By most it is classed as an epithelial cancer. It gives rise to flooding of an irregular nature, excited by exertion, as walking, coughing, or sneezing, and usually an offensive, watery discharge. It is lobulated in form, has a peculiar granulated feel, and bleeds easily when touched. Thuja internally, and the tincture applied locally, is the remedy, with occasional doses of the 30th of Arsenic. Weak injections of Carbolic Acid may be used to remove fetor, when present. Cancer of the Womb usually commences on the cervix, or neck, resembling, in its outset, the results of prolonged in- flammation, as enlargement, hardening, or induration and pain. - Besides the cauliflower excrescence, two forms of cancer are met with the most common of all, fungoid, medullary, or soft; and the least frequent, scirrhus, or hard cancer. The fungoid, or soft, and by far the most common, begins in the lips of the os uteri, which are larger than usual, and open, feeling hard, tense, and uneven, with a firm, dense, white, and partly transparent deposit; ulcers soon form on them, with raised, uneven, hard edges, from which sprout forth fungous growths, discharging fetid matter; a greenish- brown fluid, or blood-stained and gruelly, more or less flood- ing, mark the further progress of this variety. It may (and 276 CANCER OF THE WOMB. I have seen such) be developed from syphilitic affection. This, however, is by no means its usual origin. The scirrhus, or hard cancer, similar to that of the breast, does occur, but so rarely, that it need scarcely be mentioned. Many cases of simple induration, and of the fungoid, or medullary, in its earlier stage, have been mistaken for it. In 120 patients suffering from cancer of the womb, Dr. West did not meet with a single instance of true scirrhus. Medullary, or soft cancer, is most frequent in those who have had large families, and is met with most often between the ages of forty and sixty, though it may be seen between thirty and forty. Important as it might be to make an early distinction between cancer and other affections of the womb, it is almost impossible to do so, as pain, discharge, hæmorrhage, indura- tion, and enlargement, may accompany polypus and chronic inflammation. The pain gets to be severe and sufficiently characteristic; but at first it is felt more in the loins, or the bottom of the abdomen; the discharge becomes grumous and fetid, so much so as to remain long on the fingers after examination, or dressing the wound, and constantly scents the room. The hæmorrhage is the most reliable sign; it is more prolonged and continuous than abundant, like an ordinary menstrual flow, except that it continues or comes at irregular times: it becomes a decided flooding, and strong expulsive spasm often shows itself for the extrusion of clots. The peculiar, almost unmistakeable, straw-coloured, or cancerous complexion is never absent as the disease develops; hereditary predisposition is well established. Cancer nowhere more rapidly manifests its destructive power than in the uterus and neighbouring organs: it soon passes from the cervix to the body of the uterus, to the vagina, to the rectum and bladder. Digestion is strongly affected; there is great wasting and absorption of the red globules of the blood; diarrhoea, or painful defecation and urination. The womb is seldom secondarily, but almost always primarily affected. The usual duration of the disease is five or six months, Excision through the cervix uteri by the ecraseur has CANCER OF THE WOMB. 277 often been performed. Authorities are divided as to its advisability and success, as there is a want of statistics on which to base an opinion. This operation has sometimes proved almost immediately fatal from collapse; and in other cases relief has been only temporary. One of the latest Allopathic authorities says-"The prog- nosis of cancer of the uterus, despite all that can be done by art to diminish the sufferings, which lead on to the inevitable result, is most gloomy."* Over against this, for our encourage- ment, Rokitansky and Ashwell both record cases of spon- taneous cure; and my friend, Dr. Bradshaw, of Nottingham, reports a case in the British Journal of Homœopathy, treated for six months with Hydrastis, internally and locally, when the disease was apparently arrested. I bave repeatedly found the efficacy of this same medicine in not only staying the progress of cancer, but in allaying pain and prolonging life. Throughout, the greatest possible attention must be paid to the general health, by medicine, exercise, change of air, and diet. The locality, if possible, should be dry, moderately elevated, and healthy; a strictly vegetable diet; only distilled water for drinking, cooking, and the infusion of tea; no alcoholic stimulants of any kind. Arsenic may be of use in two ways-in high dilutions, and at some interval, with a view of counteracting the pre- disposition, or the condition on which it depends (half a grain of 30th, up to 200th, every three or four days); and in very much lower dilutions, frequently repeated, for the ane- mia and cancerous cachexia. Belladonna, from its action upon glandular strictures, erysipelas, and congestive inflammations, is of considerable service in the ulcerative and sub-inflammatory stages. Three drops, 1st dilution, every three hours. Carbo Animalis.-The ulcerative process is indolent; the vital powers greatly depressed. It also improves the ichorous discharge, and diminishes the hæmorrhage. Two grains, 1st trituration, every six hours, with local application. * Holmes' System of Surgery, iv., p. 508. 278 CANCER OF THE UTERUS. Churraphila. Urine scanty-voided frequently, with much pain before passing it. This remedy is also of value in relieving the cachexia and debility. It is considered, by Professors Lee and Wood, as ranking next to the prepara- tions of Iodine and Iron. Six drops, 1st dilution, every three hours. Cistus Canadensis, for the diarrhoea and debility. It is a valuable antipsoric, growing most freely on talc or (Magnesia) rocks, as the Belladonna does on limestone, and Pulsatilla on iron-stone. Three drops, 1st dilution, every three hours. Conium is said to have effected a favourable change, most probably in cases of induration and enlargement of the cervix, to which it is decidedly Homœopathic. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every six hours. Galium. Hardness, enlargement, and nodulated os uteri, with throbbing, beating pain. Six drops, 1st dilution, every six hours. Hydrastis applies to erosion and chronic ulceration, up to loathing of food; constipation; offensive, pus-like dis- charges from vagina; great tenderness of the os uteri; hectic. fever; profuse, light-coloured diarrhoea; frequent and press- ing calls to urinate; urine smelling decomposed. Six drops, 1st dilution, every three hours, with injections of one part of strong tincture to eight of water. Iodine. Nausea; debility; wasting; dryness of skin; dizziness; beating in the head. Two drops, 6th dilution, every four hours. Kreosote.-Cancerous ulceration of the neck of the womb, with discharge of foul mucus or pus. Three drops, 1st dilution, every six hours, with injection. Phytolacca is spoken of, by Dr. Hale, as one of the most valuable of our antipsorics, and as related to Silicea, DROPSY OF THE WOMB. 279 Lachesis, Arsenic, Kali Bichrom., and Sulphur. He recom- mends it as a most efficient alterative in cancer, internally and locally, to check its destructive progress. Six drops, 1st dilution, every four hours. Sepia applies to ulcerations of the os uteri, and to glandular enlargement and induration; and it has been used, with considerable success, in cancer of the womb. Three grains, 6th trituration, every four hours. Thuja is Homœopathic to the stage of medullary cancer, when it is just beginning to destroy the substance of the womb by ulceration, with widely indurated borders, grayish bottom, and fetid, ichorous pus. Six drops, 1st dilution, every four hours, with injections. Secale, Hamamelis.-The first for flooding, with expul- sive pain; the second for hæmorrhage, if at all trouble- Three drops, 1st dilution, every hour. some. Dropsy of the Womb (Hydrometra).-An accumulation of a watery, serous nature, in the cavity of the womb-true dropsy, or the result of a closure of the mouth, or outlet, from disease or malposition: false dropsy of the womb. Both kinds induce a greater or less increase in size; but especially true dropsy, which may readily be mistaken for pregnancy. On careful examination, the distinction is not difficult. Menstruation is absent in both. The accumula- tion of fluid in the cavity of the womb, from occlusion, re- sembles that arising from retention of the menses, and is of too slow an increase to be mistaken for pregnancy. With some persons the watery accumulation in pregnancy is very considerable, and cases have occurred in which it has been so extensive as to render the existence of pregnancy a matter of doubt. Dropsy of the womb is very seldom met with; it may result from congestion of the neck of the womb at "the change," or be an accompaniment of cancer or malignant disease. As an independent affection, it will be attended by signs of dropsy elsewhere, and must be treated on general U 280. UTERINE TYMPANITIS. principles, by such remedies as Apis, Apocynum, Arsenic, China, Digitalis, Hellebore, and Sepia. Wind in the Womb, Physometra, or Uterine Tympanitis, may be accidental from gas arising from the decomposition. of a dead fœtus, shreds of membrane, or clots; or, what is more usual, an evolution of gas from the membrane lining the womb, a consequent distension of the cavity, and an emission of inodorous flatus with some considerable force and noise. This may take place on rising from a recumbent posture, as on getting out of bed, or many times a day, or only at rare intervals of a month, or more. If any decaying matters are present, warm injections of water and Carbolic Acid must be used occasionally, or of warm water only if the lining mem- brane is only slightly disorganised. Dr. Guernsy advises the following remedies:- Bromine.-Loud emission of flatus from the vagina; worse during rest; relieved by movement; worse from even- ing till midnight; the left side feels most distended. Two drops, 6th dilution, every four hours. Phosphoric Acid.-Womb distended by an accumula- tion of gas; a pain in the liver during menstruation; quan- tity of colourless urine passed at night; indifference to the duties and concerns of life. Two drops, 1st dilution, every three hours. Lycopodium.-Discharge of wind from the vagina; great sense of dryness; worse about 4 or 5 P.M.; much rum- bling and gurgling of wind in the bowels; red sand in the urine, and much pain before passing it. Two grains, 6th trituration, every six hours. Arsenicum.-Fetid discharge as well as flatus; great debility and failure of strength. A grain, 6th trituration, every six hours. Kreosote. For fetor arising from decaying matters, with distension and emission of flatus. Two drops, 1st dilution, every three hours, with injections of Carbolic Acid. FISSURE OF THE ANUS. 281 Fissure of the Anus calls for some notice in connection with affections of the womb, inasmuch as where it exists it adds largely to the sufferings and inconvenience of the patient in other instances it gives rise, through the spinal nerves, to symptoms simulating uterine disease, at a dis- tance from, and altogether incommensurate with, the real affection; all of which, however, disappear on the cure of the fissure. Fissure of the anus is so very much more common in women than men, that it may be classed amongst the affec- tions incident to the sex, apart from the considerations to which we have referred. In appearance it is a slight orack, situated just inside the sphincter or muscle which closes the aperture of the anus, of differing depth, and varying from one-eighth to half an inch in length. The pain caused by relief of the bowels is excessive and acute, so that any attempt is put off as long as possible; the motions passed. are streaked with blood and mucus on the side of the fissure. Examination of the fissure causes not only the agony which we have referred to, but pain and discomfort in the rectum, back, abdomen, and right or left side, lasting for some little time. Painful menstruation, and, as a more constant trouble, frequent urging, painful passing and dribbling of urine, are often associated with fissure. In the deeper kinds I have often noticed small polypi, which may be removed by touch- ing them with Tincture of Opium, as recommended in polypi of the uterus. Fissure of the anus is perfectly relievable by medicine, without the use of the knife. I have seen dangerous hæmorrhage result from the operation of cutting through the muscle, and deeply into the flesh, as recommended and prac- tised by some surgeons. Esculus. Intolerable burning, itching, stinging pain, with a feeling of fulness at the anus; bowels inclined to be costive, though they act every day; countenance pale and haggard. It removes many symptoms which precede and attend fissure. Two drops, 1st dilution, every three hours. U 2 282 FISSURE OF THE ANUS. • Aloes.-Violent cutting and burning in the rectum; burning and heat in the bowels; rush of blood to the head; congestion of the uterus and rectum. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every four hours. Ignatia.-Straining or pressing towards the rectum, or a contractive sore pain after stool, or a pressure as from a sharp sticking body. Particularly suitable for hysterical sub- jects. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Nux Vomica.-Sense of constriction: rush of blood to the head; insufficient relief; sensation as if more to be ex- pelled; sharp and painful pressure in the rectum after stool, in the night, or at other times. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three or four hours. Plumbum.-Deficiency of mucous secretion in rectum; sense of dryness; spasm of the muscle, closing the orifice-it is drawn in; constipation. A grain, 6th trituration, every six hours. Nitric Acid.-Pinching in the abdomen previous to relief of the bowels; pain during, as if something would be torn in the rectum; burning at the anus; smarting or stitches and cramp-like contraction after stool; nausea and complete exhaustion, or excessive irritation, anxiety, and general uneasiness; discharge of blood. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every four hours, with application of the 1st dilution occasionally. Silicea. Frequent desire to relieve the bowels; passing only mucus; chilliness; qualmishness; blood and mucus. passed, with burning, smarting, and constriction, or stinging and jerking at anus or in rectum; sometimes itching and dampness. A grain, 6th trituration, every six hours. Ratanhia, internally and locally, is advised by Hempel. INFLAMMATION OF OVARIES. 283 Arsenic, Hydrastis.-As these prove curative in old- standing and extensive ulceration of the rectum, so they have been found useful in fissure. DISEASES OF THE OVARIES. Inflammation of the ovaries, in the acute form, does not occur frequently, except in connection with preg- nancy or child-birth. When it is met with, it arises from sudden suppression of menstruation; from medicines taken to force the menses, or to produce abortion; from in- jections; from foot-baths at "the period;" excitement or disappointment; sometimes it appears to be rheu- matic. Occasionally, the pain and discomfort that might seem to indicate it are simply hysterical. After delivery, it is complicated with inflammation of the womb or uterine veins, or inflammation of the membranous cover- ing of the bowels, or peritoneum. There is inflammatory fever, acute pain in the ovarian region, with more or less swelling and tension; nausea, sickness, and irritation of bladder or rectum, with frequent efforts at relief. The pain in the ovaries is sharp, lancinat- ing, and aggravated by movement. It terminates, if un- checked, in abscess or induration. - Chronic inflammation of the ovaries takes the form of irritation; is often associated with an irritable uterus, amenorrhoea, suppression, chlorosis, or painful menstrua- tion; it often intermits, increasing at "the period;” and is attended then by considerable flow. Hysteria is a common accompaniment; and sterility is often caused by it. Aconite. From a chill or fright; general feverishness and restlessness, and soreness; aching, dragging pain in the region of the ovary-aggravated by movement. Two drops, 1st dilution, every hour. C Antimonium Crudum.-Nausea; vomiting; vomiting; white tongue; tenderness of the ovarian region. A grain, 6th trituration, every two hours. VREMENSKIH TARTI 284 INFLAMMATION OF THE OVARIES. ¿ Apis.—Inflammation or congestion of the ovaries, as in suppressed menstruation; steady pain, with tenderness on pressure, with occasional bearing down; cutting pains in the ovary; worse at intervals, and extending down the thigh. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every hour. Arsenic.-Intense burning or tensive pain in the ovary; great restlessness; some relief is gained by constantly mov- ing; thirst-little can be taken at a time, but often. A grain, 6th trituration, every two hours. Belladonna. The right ovary especially is enlarged; great pressure at every "period;" bearing down, obliging patient to keep her bed. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every three hours. Bryonia. Sharp, cutting pain in ovaries on taking a deep inspiration; increased by movement. Adapted for bilious, rheumatic constitutions. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every two hours. Cactus. Pulsating pain in the uterus and ovarian region, like an internal gathering; the pain extends to the thighs, and becomes insupportable; then it ceases completely, and occurs the next day at the same time. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every two hours. Cantharis-Burning pain and swelling in the region of the ovaries, with distress of the bladder; nausea and vomit- ing. In alternation with, or after Aconite. One drop, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Cimicifuga.—Inflammation of the ovaries, with irritable uterus; hysterical symptoms and rheumatism; also with suppressed, painful, or profuse menstruation; distress and dulness in the head; trembling; sinking at the stomach; frequent calls to urinate. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every two hours. Colocynth.-Cutting, tearing colic, with intense boring, INFLAMMATION OF THE OVARIES. 285 stabbing, or tensive pains in the ovary, causing restlessness, drawing-up of the legs, headache, and nausea. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every hour. Conium.-Swelling and induration of the ovaries; nausea; vomiting; raising of flatulence, and expectoration of phlegm; shooting pains; acrid, white, and slimy leucorrhoea; labour- like contractions, and pains in the groins. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every two hours. Gelseminum.-Flushed, crimson face, when the lungs. sympathise; and specially if there be rheumatic pain or tendency. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every two hours. Graphites.-Attacks apt to come on with every cold, from getting the feet damp; suppression of the menses; morning sickness; itching blotches, with slight glutinous oozing. W A grain, 6th trituration, every six hours. Hamamelis.-Irritability of bladder; violent ovarian pains, in paroxysms or diffused, and agonising soreness of abdomen; aggravation by touch; irregular menses; pains worse at the period; breasts tender; no appetite. Specially if inflammation is caused by injury. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Hedeoma.-Adapted to hysterical subjects; excessive tenderness over both ovaries; pains in the back, with press- ing downwards towards the uterus; disturbance of the bowels and bladder. It relieves troublesome irritation of the ovaries. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every two or three hours. Hepar. After Belladonna, or other remedies, when it seems as though an abscess must form. Two grains, 3rd trituration, every three hours. Helonias. Ovarian distress, with bearing down and leu- 286 INFLAMMATION OF THE OVARIES. corrhoea in lax, anemic constitutions, with sallow, unhealthy, earthy-looking complexion. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Hydrastis. Where sympathetic disturbance of the di- gestive functions; frequent and pressing calls to urinate, and disturbance of the bowels, with debility and prominent symptoms. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Ignatia. The malady appears to arise from disap- pointed affection; involuntary sighing; great despondency; weak, empty feeling at pit of stomach. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every four hours. Iris. Constant pain over ovaries, aggravated by motion; pain in the back; uterine leucorrhoea. Specially if any syphilitic taint exists. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every three hours. Lachesis to succeed Hepar, if matter has already formed, in order to facilitate its escape externally. Two drops, 30th dilution, every four hours. Phytolacca.-In irritation, neuralgia, and induration of the ovaries; there may be uterine leucorrhoea; profuse, fre- quent, or painful menstruation. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every four hours. Platina.-Burning pain in ovarian region, in paroxysms; stitches in the forehead; hysteria, and great excitement. Dr. Guernsy says it has proved useful after the matter of an abscess has been discharged under Lachesis. A grain, 6th trituration, every four hours. Podophyllum.-In chronic inflammation of the ovaries; there is irritation of the rectum, pain, and a numb-aching running down the thighs; pains in the small of the back, with coldness. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. ! OVARIAN TUMOURS AND DROPSY. 287 Sulphur.-Chronic enlargement of the ovaries, with leu- corrhoea and menstrual irregularity. A grain, 6th trituration, every other night. Thuja.-The left ovary is most affected; sufferings much increased at any "period," becoming almost intolerable; pain extends into the groin, sometimes into the leg; excited by walking or riding, patient has to lie down. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every two hours. Veratrum Viride.-Congestion of the ovaries, attended by congestion of the head and lungs, oppressions of the chest, and headache, Two drops, 3rd dilution, every two hours. Zinc.-In chronic cases; boring pain, obliging patient to press on the part continually; the pain is entirely absent during the menses; it returns as soon as they cease. A grain, 6th dilution, every, or every other, night. Ovarian Tumours and Dropsy.-Ovarian tumours are of two kinds-fibroid, and malignant or cancerous. The fibroid tumours are made up of a dense fibrous sub- stance, sometimes cartilaginous, sometimes somewhat ossi- fied; they are round in form, grow slowly, and vary con- siderably in size. The largest on record is mentioned by the late Sir J. Simpson; it weighed fifty-six pounds. From the size they attain, they may be mistaken for pregnancy; their history, time, and rate of increase, concomitant history, and state of the uterus itself, must be taken into consideration. It is a difficult matter to distinguish between a fibrous tumour of the ovary and one growing outside of the womb; in both cases, however, operative procedure is out of the question: the medicinal treatment is the same for both.* Tubercles, in persons predisposed to such affections, may be formed in enlarged and hardened ovaries; these organs, however, seldom suffer unless others are simultaneously affected. Benign or non-malignant tumours of the ovaries • See Fibroid Tumours of Womb, p. 290. 288 OVARIAN CANCER AND DROPSY. are sometimes found, by almost imperceptible degrees, to assume a malignant or cancerous form. Cancer of the ovary is not rare: it may assume various forms, as scirrhus, or hard cancer; encephaloid, or soft cancer; melanoid, or black cancer, of encephaloid structure, with the addition of black-colouring pigment, alveolar, colloid, or gela- tinous, and the bleeding or fungous hæmatoides. Ovarian cancer is rapid in its course; is met with earlier in life than that of the womb, principally attacking unmarried females of middle life. Scirrhus, or hard cancer, generally co-exists with a similar affection of the mammæ, and is amenable to the same treatment. The encephaloid variety is generally a concomitant of some other morbid formation, than as the sole disease, with fibrous, cartilaginous, calcareous, or ossi- form infiltration of the ovarian walls. The colloid is most common, and most rapid in its growth. Fungous hæmatoides of the ovary is usually an accompaniment of a like affection elsewhere. * Wha Cancer of the ovaries may originate there, and extend to the adjoining organs, or it may be transmitted from them to the ovaries. The affection is usually attended by disease of the bladder, or ovarian dropsy, or dropsy of the abdomen (ascites). The reasons against the removal of ovarian cancers by surgical operation (says Mr. Hutchinson), are manifold and apparent. Its medicinal treatment is identical with that of cancer of the womb; to the section treating of which the reader is referred, p. 275. In Ovarian Dropsy we have a collection of a greater or less quantity of fluid, highly albuminous, clear and limpid, or viscid, glairy, ropy, and somewhat opaque ; or coffee- coloured, greenish, and oily; or flaky, puriform, and offensive, in one or more cysts or membranous bags, into which the substance of the ovary seems changed. There is swelling, and usually more or less tenderness and pain or weight in the ovarian region of one or both sides; irregularity or complete suppression of the menses. The enlargement gradually extends over the abdomen. The swelling gene- • Holmes' System of Surgery, vol. iv., p. 519. OVARIAN DROPSY. 289 rally attracts notice first; sometimes tenderness and pain may be complained of for some little time before an increase of size can be detected. Its commencement is sometimes associated with recurring and copious menstruation; at others with its sudden suppression, or the patient may be regular during nearly the whole progress of the disease. The predisposing causes are scrofula and debility from hæmor- rhage, profuse menstruation, or any other circumstance. Causes assigned by patients, are injuries, over-exertion or excitement, mental emotion, parturition; mismanaged, pro- longed, or difficult abortion; sudden check of menstruation or leucorrhoea; inflammation of womb or ovaries. The mere process of pregnancy and child-bearing appears to develop it in some. It is met with most frequently in married women, and during the time of greatest sexual activity, from about thirty to forty-five; many of them have had no children. This, however, is by no means the rule. When one ovary alone is affected, as most often the case, it is quite possible for the patient to conceive. Profuse, drainful, or too frequent men- struation, appears to have been the rule with most subjects of this disease. Ovarian dropsy varies considerably as to the rate of its pro- gress. This depends greatly on the state of the patient's health; cases of spontaneous arrest and dispersion are re- corded. The fact of its connection with menstrual irregu- larity, apart from any other consideration, shows the great importance of regulating that function by the rules and medicines given in the earlier part of this work. The earlier symptoms of the existence of ovarian dropsy, are much those of inflammation of the womb, or uterine tumour, pain in the loins, shooting through the abdomen and down the thighs, with numbness, piles, and difficulty of passing water. The digestive organs sympathise; there is nausea and vomiting, as in pregnancy; enlargement of the breasts, and darkening of the areola round the nipple; bowels irregular; diarrhoea or constipation, and affection of the kidneys. When the tumour escapes into the abdomen, there is a perceptible difference in the two sides; the right is said 290 OVARIAN DROPSY. to be most commonly affected. There are also incontinence, partial suppression of urine, varicose veins, and some dropsical swelling of the legs. An intensification of that peculiar sharpening of feature, characteristic of pregnancy, is observable; the complexion is pale; and there is general emaciation, with a special falling-away about the collar- bones. Ovarian dropsy is distinguishable from abdominal ascites by its origin and the state of the health generally. Abdominal dropsy may follow in chronic inflammation of the bowels, or in affections of the liver, heart, or kidney, with distinctive symptoms, which continue, considerably impairing the health. It is scarcely surprising that, from their appearance and the symptoms, patients suffering from this disease should be judged to be pregnant. The increase in size is much slower than that of pregnancy; there is no quickening, no move- ments of the child, and the state of the womb is altogether different, it being moveable and light. The usual recur- rence of menstruation in ovarian dropsy must not be for- gotten; and when it is suspended, the duration of that sus- pension will be a sure guide. In the progress of this affection, at first the general health, except sympathetically and from some little pressure, is not much affected; ultimately the accumulation interferes with the action of the lungs; the stomach is completely disturbed, the liver deranged, and the constitutional powers rapidly sink, with attendant hectic. Even in long-standing cases the fluid may empty itself into the bowels, vagina, or by the navel, or it may burst into the peritoneal cavity, and be fatal. "Cases sometimes are found where life continues for years in tolerable comfort, the sexual functions duly per- formed, pregnancy and delivery taking place in spite of it, and the patient dying from some perfectly different ail- ment."* Death may occur in one, two, or three years from the com- mencement of the disease, or even sooner. * Dr. West, vol. ii., p. 124. OVARIAN DROPSY. 291 ; Medicinal and Surgical Treatment. Apis acts specifically on the ovaries; controls the urinary disturbance, as well as that of the bowels; also the nausea and the vomiting. Three drops, 2nd dilution, every three, four, or six hours, according to the urgency of the case. Apocynum Cannabinum.-Specially for cases com- mencing with, or accompanied by, profuse menstruation, or following excessive depletion, or sudden suppression of men- struation, and where there are signs of general dropsy in addition to the original affection and the usual discomforts of an advanced case. .: - Three drops, 2nd dilution, every six hours. Arsenic.-A decided cachexia; emaciation and debility pointing more to the use of this remedy than the size of the enlargement; there is more or less thirst, and the pains, if any, are burning. A grain, 6th dilution, every twelve hours. Eupatorium Purpureum.-In cases following repeated miscarriage; there is considerable debility of the uterine system; also in women who have no families; who have scanty and painful menstruation. In advanced cases there is either pain on passing water, or an unintermitting desire. Two drops, 1st dilution, every three hours. Hydrastis. For the sympathetic disturbances of diges- tive organs; sinking at the stomach; nausea; loss of appe- tite, or when there is any suspicion of malignant disease. Two drops, 1st or strong tincture, every three hours. Sepia is also adapted to the gastric derangements; to cases attended by scanty, short, and painful menstruation; nervous symptoms and palpitation; to delicate constitutions, with fine skin and dark stains on the face-the so-called hepatic spots. Two grains, 6th trituration, every four hours. 292 OVARIAN DROPSY. Consult, also, the medicines for inflammation of the ovaries, attend diligently to the general health, and apply constant firm pressure by bandage. The operative measures are tapping, injecting the tumour, and extirpation, or ovariotomy. Tapping is but palliative, requiring to be repeated with increasing frequency. Before Iodine injection is tried, it is requisite to be perfectly sure it is ovarian, and not abdominal dropsy; and that, if ovarian, the fluid is all contained in one cyst. The practice of ovariotomy has been brought to great per- fection, and has been attended with great success. Still, besides the general risk attending all operations of such extent, there is that of numerous and firm adhesions, and subsequent fatal inflammation. As Homœopathy improves the general health, and exerts a beneficial influence on the dropsy, it is the wiser plan to give it a fair trial. Ovariotomy can be had recourse to when Homoeopathy has decidedly failed. 293 PART III. THE DISORDERS OF MARRIED LIFE. CHAPTER I. PREGNANCY. MARRIAGE; REGULATION OF HEALTH; PREGNANCY; MISCARRIAGE ; DISORDERS OF PREGNANCY; APPETITE; ; MORNING SICKNESS; CON- STIPATION; PILES; DIARRHEA; JAUNDICE; COUGH, AND DIFFICULTY OF BREATHING; ANEMIA; DROPSY; VARICOSE VEINS; HEADACHE ; SLEEPLESSNESS; CRAMPS; HYSTERIA; FANCIES; WALLS OF THE AB- DOMEN DURING; MENSTRUATION DURING; FALLING OF THE WOMB; LEUCORRHŒA; FLOODING; PREPARATION OF THE BREASTS AND NIPPLES; CHOICE OF NURSE AND DOCTOR. FOR physiological reasons, girls should not be married before one-and-twenty, nor young men before the age of five-and- twenty. The frame and bodily powers should be mature, and the health vigorous. Relationship, however remote, and hereditary disease-such as consumption, cancer, and in- sanity—should be insurmountable barriers. It should never be a matter of barter or convenience: affection is imperative, alike for the duties and the trials of married life. The young woman who contemplates marriage, should make it a point of conscience to have her general health at the highest point of excellence, by care, exercise, and, if in the least necessary, a course of Homoeopathic medicine adapted to the requirements of her constitution. To marry in bad health, with a view of having it improved, is cruel to herself, and wrong to her husband. The young wife should sedulously attend to exercise and general habits, diet, rest, and clothing. Uor M 294 MARRIED LIFE-REGULATION OF HEALTH. Daily out-door exercise is absolutely required; to move about in-doors, however briskly, is not sufficient; whilst lounging, or crouching over the fire the greater part of the day, is utterly reprehensible. The exercise taken should be vigorous enough to quicken the circulation, bring the various muscles of the body into play, expand the chest, and get a good store of fresh air, or oxygen, into the lungs, for the purification of the blood, and the due repair of the various bodily organs. These conditions, for it to be of real service, must all be fulfilled, and an hour be devoted to it every day. To keep well in this variable climate, it should be taken daily sensibly stout boots, a waterproof cloak, and an um- brella, are ample protection. The best kind of exercise, fortunately within the reach of most, is walking; next to this, under needful restrictions, riding on horseback; riding in a carriage, of any kind, is but a poor substitute for more vigorous exercise; the walk should be taken in the most open parts that can be selected. Those who live in the country, and have opportunities for so doing, can supple- ment the walk by other kinds of out-door recreation— gardening, croquet, archery, and the like. Walking before breakfast suits very few constitutions: a light repast-at all events, a cup of cocoa or tea, and bread and butter, should be first taken. Exercise after the longest fast of the twenty-four hours, on an empty stomach, is apt to pro- duce faintness, and a tired, jaded feeling for the remainder of the day. The hours of retiring to rest, and rising, should be regular and early, as most conducive to health and the comfort of a household. Heated and crowded rooms, assemblies and balls, should in many cases be entirely avoided; in others, only occasionally allowed, with a moderate share of party-going and party-giving. Ablution with slightly tepid or cold water, and vigorous friction after with a coarse Turkish towel, or flesh-gloves, in order to keep the action of the skin, as one of the main purifiers of the body, in proper order, should be daily practised; and the use of a tepid sitting-bath or bidet occasionally. The bed-rooms especially, and the house generally, should be thoroughly ventilated, Maou PREGNANCY AND MISCARRIAGE. 295 without being draughty; the outer air is better than the more stagnant atmosphere of a house. The diet should be plain, nourishing, diversified, and abundant; taken at regular times; two meals, at least, thoroughly substantial-breakfast and dinner. Late and heavy suppers are to be avoided; rich pastry, sweets, and highly-spiced and seasoned dishes; strong, brandied wines, like port and sherry, as well as strong ale. Eating between meals, meals badly cooked, or too quickly succeeding each other, are fruitful sources of indigestion and bad health. Milk, vegetables, and ripe fruit, puddings and plain pastry, meat, as beef and mutton, fowl game, most kind of fish, and plain soups, offer an abundant choice for the dinner of the most luxurious. Veal is extremely innutritious; and pork, except in the shape of bacon or ham, a sickly abomination. As beverages, Claret, Carlowitz, Offner, Burgundy, Hock, or pale ale. For breakfast, porridge of oatmeal or entire flour, with milk or syrup, two or three kinds of bread, dried toast, butter, fried bacon, eggs, ham, potted meat, plain fried fish, cold fowl or meat, with black tea, cocoa, chocolate, coffee, and ripe fruit when in season. For tea, if dinner is taken in the middle of the day-black tea, two or three varieties of bread and butter, toast, and porridge, if liked; ripe fruit, when procurable. The clothing should be a suitable and sufficient protection, whatever the weather, and in accord with the exposure of the wearer: damp clothes, and wet legs and feet, as well as chills, are enemies to be dreaded; with ordinary care and attention they may usually be effectually guarded against. PREGNANCY AND MISCARRIAGE. It is important to be tolerably certain that pregnancy exists. It is not enough to depend on any one symptom; conjoint testimony alone can be relied on. Cessation of menstruation is one of its signs; but menstrual irregularity sometimes ensues after marriage, without pregnancy. The fact that "the period" does not come on is sufficient to arouse attention; if it is accompanied by nausea and morn- X 296 PREGNANCY AND MISCARRIAGE. ing sickness, by altered appetite and taste, by some differ- ence in the bosom, with darkening of the areola round the nipple, it may be pretty safely set down as a case of pregnancy. Over-exertion, violent exercise, riding on horse- back, jumps, raising the arms far above the head, late hours and excitement, must be avoided, even before alteration in the size and appearance of the' breasts, sharpening of the features, increased size of the abdomen, quickening, and the motions of the child, put the matter beyond question. The ordinary duration of pregnancy is 280 days-nine calendar, or ten lunar months of four weeks. It is usual to, reckon from the third day after the last menstruation, recti- fied by the feeling of quickening usually at the half period, or four and a-half months. If forty weeks and a few days be counted forward on an almanack, it will not be far out of the time. Ladies who are not unwell whilst suckling-and cessation is the rule-becoming pregnant when they are nursing, have to rely upon the quickening as their guide: 156 days may be considered as the time to elapse before confinement. This way of reckoning is not so sure as the other; it is the best under the circumstances: quickening not taking place invariably at the half-time of its occurrence, is sometimes so slight as scarcely to be noticed; though at others it is attended by nausea, faintness, and perceptible movement. To their great annoyance, ladies are often sadly out in the time. I have known it fixed for November, whilst the con- finement did not take place before February. A little care, and the use of the calendar at the end of this book, will pre- vent such mistakes. As the whole of pregnancy is a perfectly natural process, there is as little reason for alarm and apprehension as there is for any revolution in the habits of an ordinary common- sense woman. The rules already and hereafter to be laid down in this chapter are to be observed. Pregnancy does not always run on to the full term; Mis- carriage, or Abortion, sometimes takes place. After the end of the sixth month, it is denominated premature labour. Miscarriage is not to be looked on as a slight accident: from MISCARRIAGE. 297 BEN DE LEGEA treg deelja vormige Eigen Andy woENDIMAAN PAS PEREZE NES the drain it often entails on a delicate constitution, and, if too often repeated, on the strongest, the consequent affec- tions to which it exposes, and the habit of repetition it is apt to engender, with last, but not least, the disappointment it occasions, it is an accident to be avoided by all possible means. A little more rest and care than usual should be taken at such times as it is most likely to happen; that is, at the end of the second, third, fourth, and towards the seventh month. Pampering, indulgence, luxury and idleness, are almost sure to occasion it. Miscarriage may arise from some affection of the womb or ovary; irritation, inflammation, or displacement, especially ante-version of the uterus; from excessive leucorrhoea; from purgation or constipation; from the want of common pru- dence; from anything from which painful menstruation and pregnancy may have arisen. In rare cases the infant itself may have disease transmitted to it, that may produce its premature separation and expulsion. In nursing-mothers, too long suckling, together with the constant irritation of the breast causing a reflex contraction of the womb, sometimes excites it; as may prolonged or excessive diarrhoea, dysentery, or constipation. It is sometimes induced by ague or small-pox, if the patients attacked by them are pregnant. Medicines which act specifically and strongly on the womb, whether taken intentionally or not, may also effect it. Its first indications vary in different constitutions: in the stout and robust there are chills and shivering, with weight in the abdomen; in those who are not so strong, lassitude and faintness; for one or two days, lowness of spirits; a feeling as though menstruation were coming on; weakness and uneasiness about the loins, hips, thighs, and lower part of the abdomen; flaccidity of the breasts; dark circles round the eyes; or disagreeable sensations thrilling through the body; hysterical sighing and sobbing; faintings; spinal irritation; flushes of heat; cold feet; excessive or unusual leucorrhoea. — More positive signs, are pains coming on and going off, gradually increasing in rapidity and strength; some slight- coloured "show;" then a flooding, more or less abundant, X 2 298 MISCARRIAGE. and continuous, with clots; the pains getting decidedly grinding, then forcing and expulsive: if not moderated by medicine and rest, the ovum is detached and forced away, and miscarriage takes place. Until there is a positive separa- tion of the ovum in the womb, by perfect rest on a mattress, a cool room, cool drinks and food, perfect quiet and medicine, the accident may be tided over. Everything passed by the patient, when miscarriage is feared, should be carefully inspected, in order that it may be decidedly known whether the ovum has passed or not, and whether the womb is quite free; if it is, the discharge and pains gradually moderate, and, after a few days, a colourless discharge only is left. After a miscarriage, a patient re- quires as much care as to diet, rest, and management, as after confinement. Numbers of persons have long and deeply to suffer from neglected abortions. For the first indications of miscarriage— Aconite.-Uneasiness; restlessness; chills, and feverish- ness. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every hour. Asarum.-Excessive nervous sensibility, with disagree- able sensations and thrills. One drop, 3rd dilution, every two hours. Ignatia. Hysterical sighing and sobbing; considerable quantity of pale urine. One drop, 3rd dilution, every hour. Nux Moschata.-Faintness, or actual fainting, with great dryness of the mouth; the tongue feels as though it • stuck to the mouth. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every hour. Nux Vomica.-Excessive sensitiveness to external im- pressions, noise, talk, strong odours, and bright light, or moaning; reproachful or quarrelsome; waterbrash; pres- sure and fulness in the stomach; griping pains; the clothes feel tight; frequent inclination to relieve the bowels and to pass water. One drop, 3rd dilution, every hour. MISCARRIAGE. 299 Chamomilla.-Tremulousness, with palpitation; rest- lessness; headache; vehement feelings; hot, red face, often of one cheek; shuddering; the bowels are disturbed, as after mental emotion. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every hour. Gelseminum.-Heaviness and fulness in the uterine region; increased leucorrhoea; aching across the bottom of the back, and just such feelings as when the menses are coming on. One drop, 3rd dilution, every two hours. Pulsatilla. Sad, weeping mood; chilliness; nausea; pallor; aching in the stomach; rumbling of flatulence; urging to stool, as if diarrhoea would set in; continual pres- sure on the bladder. One drop, 3rd dilution, every hour. Silicea.-Irritation of the spine; constipation, with powerlessness of the lower bowel to act. A grain, 6th trituration, every three hours. C Sulphur.-Weak, fainting attacks; heat on the top of the head; flushes of heat; cold feet; leucorrhoea. A grain, 6th trituration, every two hours. As a Aletris.-There is an habitual tendency to abort. tonic to the uterine system generally; and when, in such persons, with more or less debility, there is colic, pressure in the uterine region, and slight pains. In the first instance, twice a day, two drops, 3rd dilution; in the second, every hour. For the more positive signs— Asclepias Syriaca.-Copious discharge of urine; severe labour-like pains from the small of the back to the bottom of the bowels, and a scanty discharge of pale-red blood. A drop, 3rd dilution, every half or quarter hour, or hour. Arnica.-Uneasiness; pains and discharge, following a 300 MISCARRIAGE. fall, jump, slip, blow, severe shake, or any mechanical in- jury; or even riding in a carriage. A drop, 3rd dilution, frequently-as hour or half-hour. It will be advisable, after any accident, to take a dose or two, and keep perfectly quiet. Belladonna.-Leucorrhoea; pains in the breasts; colic; pains in the loins; pressing towards the vulva; throbbing frontal headache; giddiness; rush of blood to the head or chest; flushed face. A drop, 3rd dilution, every two hours. Caulophyllum.-Spasmodic, bearing-down pains; slight show; cramps; spasms of the bladder, rectum, or bowels. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every hour. Cimicifuga.-Chill; uterine pain; tenderness at the bottom of the bowels; flooding, and even partial detachment of ovum. Half a drop, 3rd dilution, every half-hour. It will be found to quiet mental and nervous irritability, sleepless- ness, restlessness, sensitiveness, and low-spiritedness. Helonias. Prostration; pulse small and feeble; skin sallow and pale; indigestion; all kinds of food produce oppression; emaciation; lowness of spirits; constipation; constant uterine distress; pain; pressing-down leucorrhoea. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every two hours. Ipecacuanha.-One continual sense of nausea, without any remission; pain about the navel, passing into the womb; continuous flow of bright-red blood in considerable quantity. One drop, 3rd dilution, every hour; or every half or quarter of an hour. Sabina. Specially for patients who usually abort at the third month; pain from the back through to the front; dis- charge of equal quantities of clotted and fluid blood. Half a drop, 3rd dilution, every half or quarter of an hour. Secale. In feeble, unhealthy women, with wan, fearful countenance; very feeble pulse; copious flow of black liquid blood; twitchings. Half a drop, 3rd dilution, every half or quarter of an hour. MISCARRIAGE-PREGNANCY. 301 Calcarea. Aletris. Cimicifuga. Helonias. After miscarriage, to aid in re-establish- ing the health. 1st. In leuco-phlegmatic, or patients with any consumptive tendency, subject to rush of blood to the head, and leucorrhoea. 2nd. In those weakened by trouble or long nursing. 3rd. In hysterical, rheumatic patients. 4th. In pale and anemic. 5th. In the feeble and melancholic, with shining, white complexion, who perspire easily, and are subject to neuralgia or leucorrhoea. Sepia. Two drops, 3rd dilution, twice a day; or two grains, 6th trituration, of the 5th. Pregnancy continued. If miscarriage be avoided, or warded off, there are certain affections of pregnancy which it is only wise to expect and prepare for; not that it follows that the array here given is, of necessity, to be gone through. In very many cases, during pregnancy, ladies bring the troubles they suffer on themselves: much, at least, may be done to avoid or relieve them. Many persons are never so well as when they are pregnant: some little care is, however, necessary, in order to expect anything like this immunity. The dress must be loose, comfortable, and sufficiently warm; tight-lacing, always injurious, may, in pregnancy, amount to a crime. The feet and bowels must be kept warm, to avoid colic and headache. In diet, only such food must be taken as is known usually to agree-in ordi- nary quantities, and at accustomed times; the stomach should never be overloaded. Everything unwholesome and manifestly indigestible, however appetising, must be re- frained from, with everything irritating, and most things of a stimulating nature. All highly-seasoned soups and dishes, except they are really craved for, must be foregone. It is quite a mistake to suppose that an unusual quantity of food requires to be consumed; if it is, nausea and sickness are sure to set in; the fact being, that the stomach tolerates less rather than more. Nor is it wise to endeavour to sup- plement any fancied short-coming, in the way of taking and enjoying food by stimulants. The less of these the better for the mother and her future offspring; the more 302 PREGNANCY-APPETITE. favourable she may expect her labour and her getting up to be; the healthier, stronger, and less puny her child. Spirits of any kind, as also port and sherry, containing, as they do, a very large quantity of spirit, are specially deleterious. Claret, Burgundy, Hock, Carlowitz, Offner, and the light Hungarian wines generally, may be taken at luncheon and dinner. If ale cannot be done without, only the light India pale ale in draught, not bottled, can be allowed. The patient who takes even this, must expect acidity and heartburn in consequence. Chalk, charcoal, clay, pepper alkalies, salt, salt food, things not in season, things never in season, and of the strangest possible kind, are frequently longed for. Some things thus eagerly desired, in moderation, cannot do much harm; others must be injurious, as much so now as they would at any other time: it is quite a mistake to suppose that nothing taken can hurt or dis- agree. The fancies of this condition are largely under the control of a little self-denial and resolution. The most common tendency is to prefer fresh vegetables, ripe fruit, cooling drinks, and to avoid stimuli of every kind; then the tastes of pregnancy agree with its requirements. Any long- ing completely mastering the mother, just as frights, shocks, and terrible surprises, affect the mental and moral condition of the child. Want of Appetite, and Disgust at Food— Cocculus.-Aversion to food and drink, although the patient is hungry and thirsty. Two drops, 3rd dilution-repeated if required. Colchicum.-Repugnance so great that she shudders even when looking at, much more at the smell of, food. Two drops, 3rd dilution, when necessary. Moschus.-The sight of food turns her sick and faint. Two drops, 2nd dilution, half-an-hour before meals. Alumina.-Aversion to meat, with constipation. One grain, 6th trituration; and repeated at night. PREGNANCY-AVERSION TO FOOD. 303 ----- Mercurius.-Dislike to meat; chilliness; sallowness; saliva runs on the pillow at night. A grain, 6th trituration night and morning. Graphites.-Desire for food; aversion to it sets in as soon as she begins to eat; marked dislike to fish. One grain, 6th trituration, night and morning, and half-an-hour before meals. water or ice. Disgust for bread-Conium, Pulsatilla, Sepia. Aversion to milk-Belladonna, Nux Vomica. Dislike to fat things and butter-Calcarea, Mercurius, Sepia. Nausea at even the thought of food-China, Arsenicum, Sepia. . Voracious, craving appetite may be complied with to a moderate extent; if a reasonable amount of food do not relieve, or if the food taken cause nausea, or return at once, medicine should be taken. Caulophyllum.-With white tongue. Two drops, 3rd dilution, two or three times a day. Collinsonia, Nux Vomica.-With piles. Two drops, 3rd dilution, night and morning. Eupatorium.-Combined with a great desire for cold Two drops, 3rd dilution, three times a day. Gelseminum.-Yellowish-white tongue; alternate loss of appetite and hunger. Desire for Bitter things-Natrum Muriaticum. Coal or cinders-Cicuta. "" "" Crudum. رو Two drops, 3rd dilution, three times a day. The cravings of pregnancy may be met as follows:- Desire for brandy or spirits-Arsenicum, Moschus, Nux Vomica, Sepia. 56 Cucumbers-Veratrum Album, Antimonium 304 PREGNANCY-MORNING SICKNESS. Desire for Fat-Nitric Acid, Nux Vomica. "" "" 335 ور دو "" دو 99 99 "" "" Fruit-China, Pulsatilla, Alumina, Sulphur. Herrings-Veratrum Album, Nitric Acid. Lime or chalk-Nitric Acid, Nux Vomica, Cicuta. Wine-Aconite, Calcarea, Nux Vomica, Sul- phur. Raw potatoes; raw vegetables generally-Cal- carea. Nausea, vomiting, and morning sickness, in the earlier months, arise from reflex irritation of the stomach, from sympathy with the womb; in the later months, from irrita- tion of the diaphragm and stomach, through the displace- ment caused by the enlarged uterus. Nausea, with or without vomiting, may come on in the morning on rising, after breakfast, in the evening, or at any period of the day or night. The vomiting may be violent enough to cause the water or other matters brought off the stomach to be streaked with blood. This need not cause alarm; everything is best taken rather cool. Half a drop of 3rd dilution of Ipecacuanha every quarter of an hour. Nausea or vomiting very frequently returns at one stated hour, if not removed or relieved by medicine. It is more generally limited to the earlier months; sometimes it con- stitutes a very distressing affection during the whole of pregnancy. Patients should choose those times for eating at which the stomach is least apt to be disordered; cold food will sometimes be tolerated when hot is rejected, and vice versá; acid drinks, or swallowing small pieces of ice, have helped to arrest some obstinate cases. Nux Vomica is the most generally useful. Six drops, 3rd dilution, to a wine-glassful of water, kept mixed; a tea- spoonful taken before rising in a morning, or a little time before the usual attack, or when the usual symptom is felt; remaining perfectly quiet for at least a quarter of an hour after, that the medicine may have time and chance to take effect. - Sepia. Two grains, 6th trituration, in the same way, if Nux Vomica does not relieve. PREGNANCY- MORNING SICKNESS. 305 Ipecacuanha.-The nausea comes on after eating; all the food taken is brought up, or it returns as soon as eaten. Two drops, 3rd dilution, immediately after food. Kreosote. In the same way if Ipecacuanha fails. Arsenicum.-Obstinate cases; much debility and thirst; water even does not stay. A grain, 6th trituration, dry on the tongue, twice a day. Veratrum Album.-Marked chilliness and faintness. Two drops, 3rd dilution, twice a day. Acidity and Heartburn.-Sweet things, sugar even in tea, and malt liquor, are to be avoided; Claret, Hock, Car- lowitz, or any sub-acid wine with meals. Carbo Vegetabilis.-1st trituration, two grains, every quarter of an hour, until relieved. Calcarea or Sepia.-A grain, 6th trituration, twice or three times a day, according to the temperament, to eradi- cate the tendency. 1st. For the leuco-phlegmatic, or those subject to flushes and rushes of beat. 2nd. To the pale and debilitated. Pulsatilla. Two drops, 2nd dilution, twice or three times a day, for the mild, tearful, and desponding; for acidity and flatulence; fat things disagree. Lycopodium.-If pastry produce an acid or bitter taste, or thirst after a meal, preceded by great desire for food; rumbling of flatulence; eructations, with yawning; water- brash; palpitation. A grain, 6th trituration, after a meal, and repeated in an hour, if re- quired. Hydrastis. Eructations of sour fluid; faint, gone feel- ing at stomach; dull aching or oppression; burning pain at navel; nausea; great sense of sinking and prostration at the pit of the stomach, with violent and long-continued palpita- tion. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Sulphur.-Vegetables are not digested; waterbrash ; 306 CONSTIPATION. PREGNANCY appin heartburn; coppery taste; nausea; vomiting, sometimes of blood; stomach sensitive to pressure; pain after food; pul- sation at the pit of the stomach, or spasmodic contraction of the stomach immediately after eating. A grain, 6th trituration, three times a day. Constipation is very common, and often very obstinate-a trouble to Allopathic treatment, as its effects are dreaded, and purgatives are nearly equally feared, since the irrita- tion they set up may excite the womb to action. Bread made of whole meal, finely ground; stewed fruits; figs; a glass of cold water on rising; plain food; regular exercise, aided by medicine adapted to the case, will usually not only relieve the difficulty, but connteract the tendency. Alumina.-Great inactivity of the rectum; much effort has to be made to void even a soft evacuation. Two grains, 6th trituration, night and morning. Collinsonia.-A great deal of flatulence and distension; heat and itching at the seat; piles. Two drops, 3rd dilution, night and morning. Ignatia. Difficult evacuation, causing a prolapse of the bowel; empty feeling at pit of stomach; sighing. Two drops, 3rd dilution, immediately after relief, and night and morning. Hydrastis. In the same way if Ignatia does not re- lieve, or but partially; especially if there is headache and severe smarting, burning pains in the rectum during, and for some hours after, relief. Bryonia.-Dark, dry, hard evacuation, as if burnt; much thirst; lips dry and cracked; nevo-bilious constitution. Two drops, 3rd dilution, night and morning. Nux Vomica.-Stools large and difficult, or small, hard, and painful; straining, especially in those who sit much, or who are accustomed to wine, coffee, and rich living. Two drops, 3rd dilution, night and morning. PREGNANCY-PILES. 307 Opium.-Constipation from torpor; small, hard balls passed with difficulty; nausea; hiccough sometimes, and generally the head heavy and bewildered. Two drops, 3rd dilution, night and morning. Sulphur.-Faintness in the middle of the morning, when the bowels feel as though they would be relieved; the effort to do so is so painful, that she has to desist; flushes of heat; cold feet; heat on the top of the head. Two grains, 6th trituration, night and morning. Piles of Hæmorrhoids are caused mainly by the pressure of the pregnant womb on the large iliac vein, but not exclusively, or they would occur more commonly than they do; they are generally amenable to treatment; they are aggravated by constipation, and relieved by its removal. Nux Vomica.-Two drops, 3rd dilution, every night. Sulphur. Two grains, 30th dilution, every morning. Collinsonia, of marked efficacy; nausea during stool, with fainting from severe cutting pains; straining; bilious matter, blood (though not much), and mucus passed; or con- stipation, with retching and eructations; some weight in rectum, with intense irritation and itching, feeling as if sticks, sand, or gravel lodged there. Two drops, 3rd dilution, three times a day, with lotion of the same applied. Aloes. Restlessness; anxiety; face flushed; urgent straining; evacuations dark-green (bilious) or bloody, with offensive mucus; pulse frequent; oppression at the chest. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every three hours. Made Esculus. Great pressure at the rectum; straining, with shivering, without relief; or hard and difficult evacua- tion, or loose motions, followed in either case by constriction, fulness, aching, dryness, itching, pricking, and pain; the piles are of a bluish-purple colour, and do not bleed. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every three hours, and lotion or cerate. Hamamelis.-Great weight and pressure at anus; pro- S 308 PREGNANCY-DIARRHŒA. truding piles; frequent and exhausting hæmorrhage; con- stipation; severe frontal headache; restless nights; mouth parched and dry. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every three hours; lotion of a teaspoonful of strong tincture to four ounces of water, or cerate. Podophyllum.-Descent of the lower bowel from a little exertion; mucus passed from anus, which feels very sore, sensitive, and swollen; several large piles round it, some- times bleeding profusely; diarrhoea, succeeded by consti- pation, or constipation with headache and flatulence; the fæces hard and dry, coated with yellow tenacious mucus. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every three hours, and lotion. When piles are inflamed and painful, sitting on a hot sitz bath for a quarter of an hour, or fomenting them with a sponge, dipped in hot water, several times a day, or sitting over hot steam for fifteen minutes, will be found to relieve. Sometimes only cold applications are borne. In blind piles, it is well to use camphorated ointment freely, both before and after the bowels act. Lotion may be kept constantly applied. Diarrhea, during pregnancy, is not so common as con- stipation; it may, however, occur, and may alternate with. constipation. Carbo Vegetabilis.-It results from acidity or weakness. of digestion, attended by much rumbling and discharge of flatulence. Two grains, 1st trituration, every two hours. Nux Vomica.-A relief very frequent, but small in quantity; sore feeling at the anus; a sensation after the bowels have acted, as though more wanted to pass. Half a drop, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Colocynth.-Diarrhoea, with colic, which draws one double; brought on by either eating or drinking. One drop, 3rd dilution, every two hours. PREGNANCY-JAUNDICE. 309 navel. Rhubarb.-Sour diarrhoea, with griping pains about the Two drops, 3rd dilution, every two hours. Sepia.-Empty sore feeling at the pit of the stomach; burning at anus, and in the rectum. Mercurius passing of mucus. Two grains, 6th trituration, every three hours. Arsenic.-Watery diarrhoea, with burning, great thirst, cold perspiration, and loss of strength. A grain, 6th trituration, three times a day. Corrosivus.-Chilliness; straining, and Half a drop, 5th dilution, every three hours. Veratrum Album.-Coldness; faintness; pinched fea- tures, and rapid failure of the bodily powers. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every half-hour, hour, or two hours. Chamomilla.--Fright, anger, or mental emotion, bring- ing on bilious diarrhoea. Three drops, 3rd dilution, every hour. Gelseminum.-Rumbling and roaring in abdomen; emis- sion of flatus upwards and downwards; periodical pains in abdomen; yellow diarrhoea, coming on in the evening. One drop, 3rd dilution, every two hours. Podophyllum.-Morning, bilious diarrhoea. One drop, 3rd dilution, every morning on waking. China. The food is passed undigested. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every three hours. Phosphoric Acid.-Painless, or nearly so, producing great weakness. Two drops, 1st dilution, every three hours. Jaundice, during pregnancy, may be produced by cold, mental emotion, sympathy of the liver with the uterus, or congestive enlargement of that organ. * 310 PREGNANCY-JAUNDICE. 1 Aconite.-Jaundice symptoms, with chills, heat, rest- lessness, and even when black bile is vomited. Three drops of strong tincture to a wine-glassful of water-a teaspoonful every two hours. Chamomilla.-Jaundice, with ill-humour, and a morbid irritability of the skin; it is disposed to be inflamed. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every two or three hours. Mercurius.-Sharp pains in the liver, arresting the breathing; or paroxysms of aching pain, with enlargement; constipation; dark urine; bitter taste in the mouth; great thirst. A grain, 6th trituration, every four hours. Bryonia. Soreness, heat, stinging pains, and swelling in the region of the liver; creeping chills; thirst; red-look- ing urine. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Hydrastis. Skin and eyes of a dark-greenish yellow; urine very dark; fæces quite light-coloured; extreme pros- tration of whole system. Two drops, 1st dilution, every three hours. 1 Leptandria.-Dull, aching, burning distress in the lower part of right side; frequent chilliness along the spine; pro- fuse, black, undigested stool, followed by great distress in the liver; itching of the skin. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Podophyllum.-Fulness, with pain and soreness in the liver; constipation; sense of weight and dragging on left side. Very useful in retention of bile, from obstruction of the gall-duct. Two drops of 3rd dilution every three hours. Sometimes without any actual disease, the whole skin may take a dingy-yellow hue, or yellowish or brownish patches may appear on the face or forehead. PREGNANCY-COUGH AND DIFFICULTY OF BREATHING. 311 Sepia. Two grains of 6th trituration night and morning. If this fail- Nitric Acid.-One drop of 3rd dilution night and morn- ing, with local application of the same strength; or— Caulophyllum, two drops of 3rd dilution night and morning. Cough and Difficulty of Breathing.-Cough as the result of sympathetic irritation of the nervous centres that supply the lungs, is spasmodic, and may almost resemble hooping- cough. Belladonna.-Especially if worse at night, with red face and throbbing headache. Half a drop, 3rd dilution, every two hours. Ipecacuanha.-Spasmodic, with a crowing sound, and dark-red face. K One drop, 3rd dilution, every two or three hours. Moschus.-The cough appears purely nervous and spas- modic. One drop of 3rd dilution every two hours. If the cough, and especially difficulty of breathing, occur— Nux Vomica or Pulsatilla may afford some relief. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Spitting of blood is sometimes met with as a consequence of pregnancy: it need not excite alarm, as it is almost always a mere exudation from the mucous lining of the bronchial tubes, or sympathetic of general congestion. May be tried in the order in which they Aconite. stand. One drop of 3rd dilution every Ipecacuanha. three hours. Aconite, if there be some Drosera. little fever. Ipecacuanha, if there be Hamamelis. nausea. Drosera, if there be general con- Trillium. gestion; and the two last, if the affection be obstinate. During pregnancy, instead of some decided loss of flesh, there may be a perceptible and rapid gain of flesh-so much so as to cause annoyance and discomfort. Aconite, Pulsatilla, or Fucus Vesiculosus. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every six hours. At other times there is decided anemia, such as ensues Y 1 312 after loss of blood. There is not only debility, but also giddiness, singing in the ears, pallor, shortness of breath, and palpitation. China.-Debility; yellowish-white skin; singing in the ears; dimness of sight. emaciation. ANEMIA OF PREGNANCY. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every three hours. Arsenicum.-Pale, waxy complexion; weakness; thirst; One grain, 6th trituration, night and morning. Ferrum. In cachectic, leuco-phlegmatic subjects, with deficient reaction; want of tone; bloating of the face and lower extremities; nervousness; hysteria; great muscular weakness. Two grains, 2nd trituration, every four or six hours. Helonias. Unnatural degree of languor and prostration; skin sallow and pale; dyspepsia ; no desire for any kind of food; all kinds of food cause distress and oppression; low- spiritedness; constipation; leucorrhoea. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every three hours. Kidneys, Affections of.-There may be a marked differ- ence in the quantity of solid matters voided in the urine; some urea may be retained in the system, causing devia- tions of a mental and moral kind; violent headache, quick pulse, giddiness, dulness, stupor, and drowsiness. Asclepias Syriaca, two drops, 2nd dilution, every three hours. Dropsy of the Abdomen (ascites), or of the whole body (anasarca), or of one or more limbs, sometimes sets in, adding considerably to the discomfort of the patient. As the dropsy usually subsides at the confinement, it is often put up with as a temporary inconvenience: where dropsy exists, the vulva or internal parts generally participate. From the pressure of the pregnant womb on the veins, there is not as much chance of remedies acting; but as they benefit, though they may not cure, it is well to try them. Apis.-Weariness; dull pain in the region of the kidney; depression of spirits; lassitude; scanty, high-coloured urine; infiltration of vulva, with stinging pains and inflammation. Two drops, 1st dilution, every three hours. PREGNANCY-VARICOSE VEINS. 313 China.-General dropsy; excessive sensitiveness of whole nervous system; debility; exhaustion; intolerance of noise; singing in the ears; swoons; restless nights; dark-coloured urine, with brick-dust sediment. Three drops, 1st dilution, every three hours. Arsenic. Waxy pallor; palpitation; muscular weakness and tremor; great general debility; thirst; often retention of urine, with great urging. Useful in any or all the kinds of dropsy enumerated. A grain, 6th trituration, every six hours. Apocynum Cannabinum.-Irritability of stomach; pulse small and irregular; skin dry and dusky; urine high- coloured and diminished. Useful in water at the chest (hydrothorax), relieving the difficulty of breathing; and in dropsy of the abdomen and general dropsy. Three drops, 2nd dilution, every three hours. Albumen may be passed in the urine, when the patient most rapidly loses strength, as after continued and copious bleeding. A little of the urine should be tried, when, with- out apparent cause, a patient's strength quickly fails. A little heated in a test-tube over a spirit-lamp, or boiled in an iron spoon, turns milky as soon as it boils; the addition of a little strong Nitric Acid has the same effect. Phosphoric Acid and Squills.-Two drops, 1st dilu- tion, of the first three times a day, and the same dose of the second night and morning. Eupatorium Purpureum.-The same dose three times. a day. This remedy is said to have relieved albuminaria when others have failed. Varicose Veins.-The superficial veins of the thigh and leg, by constant pressure, have their valves weakened, and become engorged with blood; nearly all of them may be in this condition, or only a cluster here and there, like a bunch of grapes; in some instances the veins of the vulva alone may be affected. M Hamamelis. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every four hours, Y 2 314 PREGNANCY-HEADACHE. and a lotion to freely bathe them with-a teaspoonful of strong tincture to four ounces of water. An elastic stocking, and as much rest as possible. Fluoric Acid. In the case of those who have borne many children, and who have generally suffered from varicose veins, where, consequently, the affection is of an obstinate character. Two drops, 6th dilution, night and morning. The saliva sometimes runs from the mouth both by night and day, so plentifully, and pretty constantly, as to be annoying. Mercurius or Iodine.-Half a grain, 6th trituration, night and morning. If this does not relieve, two drops, 6th dilution, night and morning, unless there be some marked symptom of the digestive apparatus, calling for other reme- dies. Retention or Dribbling of Urine, not at all infrequently, causes much pain and distress; lying down, or the constant use of a properly-fitting abdominal belt, tends greatly to relieve; aided by- Opium or Camphor.-One drop, 3rd dilution, of the first, will often obviate retention; or if it should not, two or three drops of the Camphor on sugar. Cantharides.-Quarter of a drop, 3rd dilution, every three or four hours. A troublesome shaking cough may force the water, keep- ing the patient constantly wet. Pulsatilla. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Headache is not at all uncommon from excitement; from want of sufficient exercise; from errors of diet;-though manifestly the condition of pregnancy predisposes to it. Belladonna.-Throbbing headache, with giddiness; flushed face; intolerance of light and noise. One drop, 3rd dilution, every three hours. ▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬ Asclepias Syriaca.-Pain as from a sharp instrument thrust through from one temple to the other; feeble pulse; PREGNANCY-HEADACHE. 315 cold skin; dizziness; persistent nausea; often vomiting; sometimes diarrhoea; copious, pale urine. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every two hours. Gelseminum.-Comes on suddenly, beginning at upper part of the neck, thence over the whole head; or first in the forehead, and extends to the neck, attended by dimness of sight, or double vision; difficulty in opening the eyelids, or in keeping them open; heaviness of the head; stupor; dull, heavy expression of face; full pulse. Three drops, 3rd dilution, every two hours. Ignatia.-Painful pressure; burning and watering of the eyes; dread of light; swelling of eyelids-may intensify itself in one eye, often the right; or confine itself to one side of the head; or an agonising pain, as though a nail were being driven into the head; qualmishness; want of appetite; pale, watery urine. Two drops, 1st dilution, every two hours. Stramonium.-With dimness of sight, and hardness of hearing; giddiness; fainting and thirst; constant movement of the head to and fro; sensation of gauze before the eyes. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every two hours. Glonoine.--Whirling vertigo; pressing sensation in the brain, as if it were expanding, or as if it must burst; throbbing in the arteries at the temples; pulse quick; very violent headache, confined to a small spot. Two drops, 6th dilution, every two hours. Aconite.-Pain behind the eyes, at the root of the nose, or the whole forehead; often very violent-increased by any movement, as walking, or even talking; face denotes suffer- ing-pale, mottled, or bloated; feet cold; pulse small. Two drops, 1st dilution, every two hours. Nux Vomica.-Head feels as if it would split; pressing tightly with both hands relieves it; heat in the cheeks; chilly feeling over body; soreness and sensitiveness of scalp; 316 PREGNANCY SLEEPLESSNESS. darting pain; nausea; distension of the stomach; constipa- tion. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every two hours. Cimicifuga.—Acute pain, with fulness, heat, and throb- bing, sometimes over the right, sometimes over the left eye, or in the eyeballs, or whole forehead; felt every day, but worse every other day; relieved by walking in the open air; throbbing much worse on attempting to go upstairs; it is as though the top of the head would fly off. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every two hours. Sepia. Every morning, with nausea and anxiety at pit of stomach; trembling; rush of blood to the head; bleeding at nose; giddiness; everything seems to go round. Two grains, 6th trituration, night and morning. Fidgettiness, Restlessness, and Sleeplessness, originate frequently from same causes as headache. Aconite.—Heat and restlessness, with general plethora. One drop, 3rd dilution, every hour. Nux Vomica.-When connected with indigestion, or the result of indulgence and want of exercise; no sleep after three or four o'clock. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every two hours. Scutellaria. Fidgettiness of the limbs, coming on in the evening, or at night, preventing sleep; or nightly restless- ness; sudden wakefulness; frightful dreams. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every hour. Cypripedium. The strength is really impaired for want of sleep which impairment, whilst it renders sleep desirable, makes it the less likely to come. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every two hours. Gelseminum.--The eyelids are heavy and close, still there is no sleep; or if it comes, it is unrefreshing, from the crowding of things in the dreams which attend it. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every hour. PREGNANCY-TOOTHACHE-NEURALGIA. 317 Toothache and Neuralgia, with some, the earliest and most reliable sign as to their condition, the most constant and troublesome, and the last to leave. Calcarea. Pain aggravated by any change, either of cold or heat, or excitement. One grain, 6th trituration, every three hours. Alumina. It goes from the teeth down the neck and shoulders. M One grain, 6th trituration, every three hours. Belladonna.-Worse after lying down at night, throb- bing, beating, flushed face, and headache. One drop, 3rd dilution, every hour or half-hour. · Nux Moschata.-Pains in the front teeth on drawing- in the cold air. Two drops, 1st dilution, every two hours. Pulsatilla.-Pain better from cold things, worse from warm; sad, weeping mood. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every two hours. Rhus.-Better from anything hot to the face. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every two hours. Chamomilla.-Violent jerking, that seems unbearable; red face; or one cheek hot and red, and one pale. Two drops, 1st dilution, every half or quarter of an hour. Arsenic.-Pains return at stated times of day or night; if at night, waking patient out of sleep, particularly before midnight—intolerable enough to drive one to despair and frenzy. Two grains, 6th dilution, every three hours. Gelseminum.-Sudden darting pain, or decided parox- ysms, morning and night, with extreme general nervousness. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours; or one drop every five or ten minutes during a paroxysm. 318 PREGNANCY-CRAMPS-HYSTERIA. Cramps, Spasms, or irregular pains in different parts of the lower half of the body, as the stomach, abdomen, back, and legs. The bending of the body backward (necessary to maintain equilibrium), over-distension, intensified by indiges- tion, and often accompanied by heartburn or waterbrash, pressure of the womb, and sympathetic irritation, fully account for their prevalence. Nux Vomica.-Indigestion; heartburn; waterbrash ; very full, uncomfortable feeling, with gnawing or cramps. One drop, 3rd dilution, every half-hour or hour. Cocculus.-Nausea, with tendency to faint; waterbrash; headache; violent spasms at the stomach, or in the abdomen; hysteria; spasms often at midnight. One drop, 3rd dilution, every half or quarter hour, then every two or three hours. Veratrum Album.-Very violent cramps in the calves. of the legs, either preventing or waking out of sleep; icy coldness of the feet-jerking sensation, as if cold water were trickling over them, with trembling. One drop, 3rd dilution, at bed-time, and repeated every half-hour if necessary. Arnica.-Pains produced by coughing, sneezing, walk- ing, or by any extra exertion. One drop, 3rd dilution, every hour. Cimicifuga. Very painful and powerful, but inter- mitting spasms; cramps in the extremities, and a tendency to hysterical convulsions. One drop, 3rd dilution, every quarter of an hour, then every half-hour or hour. Hysterical attacks are most common during the early months of pregnancy: want of sleep, undue fatigue, dis- ordered digestion, or any irritation of body or mind, may bring them on. Ignatia.-General heightened sensibility; sinking feel- ing at stomach; alternate despondency and cheerfulness; PREGNANCY-HYSTERIA. 319 constriction of the throat-feeling as of a ball in it; if an attack comes on, patient goes into it with shrieks, and comes out with sighing. Two drops, 1st dilution, every two or three hours. Moschus.-Fitfulness of temper; during a paroxysm, crying or uncontrollable laughter; extreme oppression on the chest; twitchings and tossing about of the limbs; dryness of mouth and throat; small fluttering pulse; cold skin; drowsi- ness. Two drops, 1st dilution, every two hours. Stramonium.-Attacks preceded by great irritability and sensitiveness; disposition to weep, or mirthfulness, or unusual excitement; the spasm of the limbs in an attack may soon pass off, or cause great tension of the muscles, and last, sometimes; patient frequently makes hideous faces, “risus sardonicus;" either suppression of urine, or profuse passing of it; an attack is usually followed by quiet sleep. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Hyoscyamus. Variable temper; jealous; reproachful; excessively impatient; fainting and swooning, with spasms of the limbs, followed by great talking and laughter. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Aconite.-Attacks from fright, with moans and lamenta- tions; face red and hot, with contortions of its muscles; general dread; the eyes staring; giddiness or fainting on rising up from sitting or lying. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every two hours. Gelseminum.-Attacks, with marked spasm of the throat; it appears as if patient must be suffocated; apparent insensibility. Also where the attacks are periodic, leaving a stupid, intoxicated feeling; the eyelids are very heavy, as though weighed down. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every two hours.* * See, for other remedies, p. 45. 320 FANCIES OF PREGNANCY. Various predominating feelings may fix on the mind of a patient: as, for example— Anxiety-Kali Hydriodicum, one drop, 6th; occasion- ally Hellebore, or Veratrum Album, at 3rd dilution. Sensitiveness as to persons noticing her condition-Baryta Carbonica, one grain, 6th trituration, occasionally. Groundless and undefinable dread-Digitalis or Nux Vomica, one drop, 3rd dilution; or Cuprum Aceticum, of the 6th. Unaccountable and strong dislike to certain persons and things-Conium, Cicuta, one drop, 3rd dilution, now and then. Great dissatisfaction; nothing pleases, nothing is right- Arsenicum or Borax, Veratrum Album, one grain, 6th trituration, or one drop, 3rd dilution, of Veratrum now and then. The patient may do much herself in bravely, determin- ately, and hopefully striving to subdue, or at all events moderate, her feelings, in which attempt she will require to be helped by the kind, yet firm, considerateness of all about her. State of the Walls or Muscles of the Abdomen.―These may not give way sufficiently, causing inconvenience and pressure. Repeated frictions with Olive Oil or Glycerole of Conium, followed by a well-made flannel bandage. In those who have had large families the opposite may obtain; the abdomen may be pendulous; then an abdominal bandage must be worn; dry friction, or rubbing-in of Ignatia Opo- deldoc, with two drops, 3rd dilution, of Ignatia occasionally at night. Zincum or Cuprum, a dose of the 6th tritura- tion twice a week, if there are no symptoms pointing to any other remedies. For fissures or cracks on the surface of the abdomen-frictions with Olive Oil or Calendula Gly- cerole, with two grains, 6th trituration, of Silicea, three times a week, at bed-time. Pruritus, or Itching of the Vulva, is exceedingly annoy- ing: usually promptly relieved by- Hamamelis.-Two drops, 1st dilution, night and morn- ing; frequent bathing with a lotion of a teaspoonful of strong tincture to a teacupful of water. A strip of linen, - MENSTRUATION DURING PREGNANCY. 321 moistened with Glycerole of this drug, may be left between the vulva. Collinsonia, in the same way if there is any irritation of the rectum, or if Hamamelis does not suffice. Displacements of the Womb, and Leucorrhoea, arising therefrom, are fully treated of elsewhere. Menstruation during Pregnancy.—There are sometimes appearances which favour the notion that menstruation is possible, and that it really does take place, during pregnancy. Menstruation is perfectly impossible if a patient be really pregnant, the mouth of the womb being completely closed; nevertheless, a coloured periodic discharge may manifest itself, arising in one of several ways;—from enlargement and con- gestion of the veins about the neck of the womb; from chronic inflammation of the same; from ulceration about the mouth of the womb-just as it is possible to have vicarious menstruation from an ulcer; the discharge may proceed from the vagina. Hamamelis.-Internally, two drops, 2nd dilution, twice a day during the time of the appearance, with an injection night and morning; followed by- Belladonna.-One drop, 3rd dilution, twice a day. Calcarea. Two grains, 6th trituration, night and morn- - ing. If these remedies do not suffice, a thorough examination of the case must be made, that the precise condition may be accurately determined. Hæmorrhage, or any considerable or continuous flow of blood during pregnancy, should never be disregarded, since, let it show itself at any time, and be not soon relieved, it must be attended by serious consequences; and it is always weakening at a time when all the strength needs to be husbanded. If a dribbling or flow set-in before or about the third or fourth month, unless checked it must end in mis- carriage; if about the sixth or seventh month, it will induce premature labour, more difficult to the mother and danger- ous to the child than labour at full time; if it set-in sud- denly, ushered in and accompanied by pains, towards the end of the time, especially if at all abundant, the medical attend- W 322 FLOODING DURING PREGNANCY. ant should be at once summoned. In any case, the patient must go to bed at once; lie quietly on her back on a mat- tress; keep herself free from excitement; the room cool, and everything she takes must be cool. If help cannot at once be obtained, one of the following medicines will be of use. Arnica. A show following some exertion or fatigue, as straining, lifting, walking, violent coughing, sneezing, or retching. M Two drops, 3rd dilution, every half or quarter hour. Ipecacuanha. At any time, if ushered in by pains about the navel, and nausea, with varying flow-it may be. inconsiderable or abundant. jets. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every five or ten minutes, every half-hour or hour, according to circumstances. Sabina.-Bright red, with clots, preceded or followed by Two drops, 3rd dilution, as above. Secale. Black and thick, with tremblings, cramps, and labour pains. Two drops, 3rd dilution, as above. Trillium.—If the discharge, apparently subdued, returns again very copiously. Two drops, 1st dilution, as above. China. When, during an attack of hæmorrhage, a patient turns suddenly faint, her eyes grow dim, with ringing in the ears, great pallor, and cold perspiration. Six drops, 1st dilution, every ten minutes, with a teaspoonful of brandy, and strong beef-tea, or Liebig's extract between, until she rallies. When such attacks as these are severe, there is no time to be lost. Nothing acts so quickly as Homœopathic remedies; they go at once to the seat of danger, and almost invariably moderate the discharge. They can be relied on with the utmost confidence. PREGNANCY-COLD IN THE WOMB. 323 The room must be kept perfectly quiet, and everybody calm and quiet about the patient; there must be no whisper- ing, no expressions of astonishment or fear. Cold in the Womb, from insufficient clothing, or exposure to draught or damp, is often complained of, as patients will not be sufficiently careful. The lower part of the bowels is usually more exposed, and less protected, than any other part of the body. Flannel or other drawers, according to the time of the year, coming well over the front of the abdomen, or a bandage, should be worn, and the feet should always be kept warm and dry. Ladies should remember that they are at this time more, and not less, susceptible. Aconite.-Chills and shiverings, with sharp, cutting pains in the lower part of the body; feverishness; frequent passing of water. Two drops, 1st dilution, every three hours. Bryonia. Chilliness only partially relieved; great in- ternal heat; tenderness of the abdomen; thirst; high- coloured urine; dry, brown tongue. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every two hours. Mercurius. After Bryonia, when there are chills, shud- derings, and extended tenderness. One grain, 6th trituration, every three hours. Belladonna.-Great feeling of weight and uneasiness; pressing pains in abdomen; very little urine passed; flushed face. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every two hours. Cimicifuga. Some weight and uneasiness left, with great nervous irritability, sinking at the stomach, and rheumatic pains. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every two hours. When the fatal movements are felt a good deal, and when they produce nervousness and faintness— 324 PREGNANCY-PREPARATION OF THE BREASTS. Chamomilla or Stramonium.-Two drops of 3rd dilu- tion occasionally. The Breasts naturally enlarge as pregnancy progresses, but in a different ratio in different persons; sometimes occasioning no inconvenience. They should be uniformly soft; if hard, they must be well rubbed at night with Arnica Glycerole, or Olive Oil where Arnica cannot be borne. If at all flaccid, with Hamamelis Glycerole or Opodeldoc. Symptoms may set in requiring- Bryonia. If there be pain or tension; constant prick- ings, or coming in paroxysms, or periodically; sleeplessness; restlessness; want of appetite. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every two hours. Aconite.-Heat, with tingling and pricking, thirst and Two drops, 3rd dilution, every two hours. Belladonna.-After a chill; erysipelatous redness, with throbbing and headache. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. restlessness. Mercurius. Some hardness left after the other symp- toms have subsided. One grain, 6th trituration, night and morning. The Nipples should not be neglected: they may need some preparation; should they do so, it is best given now. If they are tender, and require hardening, they should be frequently bathed with equal quantities of strong tinc- ture of Hamamelis and water, with as much Borax as can be dissolved therein. Two grains, 6th trituration, of Silicea, night and morning. When the nipples are quite flat, or absolutely pressed in by stays or corsets, the pressure must be entirely removed, and the nipple drawn out by a breast-pump, or the lips of an adult. If it quickly retracts each time, wind round it, not too tightly, some worsted thread, and let it remain on. TUMOURS AND CANCER OF THE BREAST. 325 In the later months of pregnancy, it is not at all uncom- mon for some moisture, and sometimes a little milk, to ooze from the nipple. The possibility of such moisture being drawn from the breast, is set down as one of the signs of pregnancy. TUMOURS AND CANCER OF THE BREAST. The glandular apparatus of the female breast is subject to various kinds of enlargement and hardness; they are some- times painful, but not by any means necessarily, cancer. Respecting these enlargements and hardness, ladies are prone to be unnecessarily alarmed and anxious. The breast is so tender a part, that pressure, as of a tight-fitting dress or stays, the effects of a blow, so slight as to be scarcely noticed at the time, may occassion a lump or tumour. Con- stitutional delicacy may lead to permanent swelling of the glands of the breast, as it does of those of the neck. Or the tumour may be fatty, or merely sympathetic of menstrual or uterine disturbance. Cancer is almost invariably an attendant of a certain age (forty-five and upwards), and of a peculiar constitution, accompanied by a marked expression. of face, and a decided straw-coloured complexion. The pain is sudden and sharp, as of a hot needle plunged into the bosom; the tumour is very hard to feel, heavy, like stone, sometimes adherent to the ribs; the nipple is not infre- quently drawn in, and the skin decidedly puckered. Any manual examination produces long-lasting pain and aching. A thin watery fluid is sometimes exuded in small quantities: this, if placed under the microscope, presents unmistakable cancer-cells. The age, glandular swellings elsewhere, except in the arm- pits; the presence, or otherwise, of menstrual or uterine affec- tion; the nature of the pain, if any, are all material aids in arriving at a decision. An honest physician of experience in these matters, but not necessarily a cancer-doctor, will be able, if you have any doubts on the point, to set your mind at rest, by telling 1 326 CANCER OF THE BREAST. you decidedly and candidly what it is; which he can safely do, as cancer is neither hopeless nor incurable. If cancer were a purely local disease, only secondarily affecting the constitution and organs remote from its original seat, through absorption of the products of its softening and decay, the difficulty would be met by one remediable pro- cedure-early removal by the knife. Whereas cancer being in so many instances hereditary, being accompanied by un- mistakable constitutional signs before any absorption can have taken place, almost always returning after surgical operation, each time with increased severity and frequence, the only plan sanctioned by the facts of the case is the care- ful continuous administration of remedies. The success I have found attending them has been most marked and encouraging. The cancerous complexion alters; the glands in the armpit resume their usual size; the wearing, intense pain is alleviated; the cancer itself is arrested in its in- crease, and gradually lessens; all puckering of skin disappears; the patient regains her usual strength, and resumes her ordinary engagements. I had once an opportunity of trying an experiment with a case of cancer, under the eye of one of the most skilful operators and experienced surgeons of his day. He had under his care a young lady whom he pronounced to have cancer of the breast, and on whom, as it was growing rapidly, he wanted to operate. Her health was not good enough for this, yet he was almost afraid to wait. I gave her a course of Homœopathic remedies; in two months she had gained flesh, was in excellent health, and, to his great astonishment, the cancer had considerably decreased. So much for what it is possible to do in the earlier stages. In the very advanced, when the skin of the breast has all ulcerated away, and a large hard mass of bleeding granula- tion, intersected by bands of fibre, is left, the progress of the disease can be almost indefinitely checked, the bleeding. assuaged, the pain alleviated, and life very considerably pro- longed. What is termed enucleation of cancerous tumours has been considerably advocated and practised. I have been CANCER AND TUMOURS OF THE BREAST. 327 unable to see any advantage in this plan over that in re- moval by the knife: the cancer most frequently returns after both; and an operation of a few minutes, under chloroform, is certainly preferable to the slow and painful scoring of cancerous breasts by a scalpel, and strips of lint saturated with Hydrastis and Chloride of Zinc. Internal medica- tion, aided by local application of the remedies, is far more pleasant, as well as more permanently efficacious, though the immediate effects may not be so apparent. Hydrastis. Tumour hard and heavy, increasing in size; pain lancinating, like knives thrust in, or hot needles, extend- ing to the shoulders, down the arms, sometimes to the fingers. of the affected side; the skin may be discoloured and puckered, and the tumour adherent or non-adherent; the pain almost unbearable, at times preventing sleep; worn, jaded look; no appetite. Six drops, 1st dilution, every four hours, and a lotion, constantly ap- plied, of two teaspoonfuls of strong tincture to half a pint of water, covered by a layer of wadding. / Phytolacca has a specific affinity for the mammary glands; the presence of Kali Causticum has been traced in it; is a valuable antipsoric, and is related in its action to Iodide of Potash, Mercury, Arsenic, Silicea, and Sulphur. It is useful in fatty tumour of the breast; in irritable tumour of the breast, very sensitive and painful, especially at the menstrual period, the pain extending down the arm of the affected side, and at times causing a sympathetic enlarge- ment of the glands in the armpit; in irritable breasts, where no swelling, hardness, or tumour can be detected, but only painfulness at every "period;" for the removal of hard, painful nodosities, with thin, offensive, sanious discharge; and, lastly, as an alterative in open cancer. Six drops, 1st dilution, every four hours, and a lotion as ordered for Hydrastis; or a cerate of the active principle Phytolaccin, three grains to the ounce. Galium Aperinum.-Tumour hard, firm, circumscribed, nodulated, and uneven; pain throbbing and beating; sallow, pallid appearance; great debility; a thoroughly Ꮓ 328 CANCER AND TUMOURS OF THE BREAST. broken-down condition. Also adapted to the open ulcer- ating surface of cancers. Six drops, 1st dilution, every four hours, with lotion as for Hydrastis. Hamamelis.-When hæmorrhage sets in, as it often does in the progress of open cancer. Six drops, 1st dilution, every hour, and a lotion of the strength ordered above, or one part to five. Cotton wool or wadding is preferable to any other covering: it is extremely light, and yet effectually excludes the outer air. Conium. Indurations of some standing, resulting from a blow, especially when occurring in old people: though it is useful for any age, and as an intermittent remedy in cancer itself; as a chief one in the treatment of suspicious tumours, most sensitive at every menstrual period. Four drops, 1st dilution, every four hours, with lotion, one teaspoonful to eight ounces of water. Carbo Animalis.-Ichorous, fetid discharge; vital powers greatly depressed. Three grains, 1st trituration, every three hours, and a paste of the crude material, just moistened, applied in the case of open cancer, or freely sprinkled on when finely powdered. Rumex, containing traces of Sulphur, and various salts, among which are Phosphate of Lime, is closely related to Sulphur, Phosphorus, and Calcarea, and applies to the general depravation of the system, to enlarged glands, to slowly enlarging open cancer with foul discharge. Six drops, 1st dilution, every four hours, with strong lotion. Chimaphila. Also of value in the cachexia and debility; Professors Lee and Wood ranking it next to the prepara- tions of Iodine and Iron. Six drops, 1st dilution, every four hours. Cistus Canadensis.-If the debility is further increased by diarrhœa. Three drops, 1st dilution, every two hours. CANCER AND TUMOURS OF THE BREAST. 329 Belladonna, applying as it does to glandular structure, erysipelas, and congestive inflammation, is of considerable use in the sub-inflammatory and ulcerative stages. Three drops, 1st dilution, every three hours. Arsenic.-In tolerably high dilutions for correcting a predisposition to cancer; somewhat lower for an existing hard tumour, with characteristic pain as of hot needles darting through; and a paste of the 3rd trituration: and for the marked cancerous cachexia and debility— One grain, 30th trituration, night and morning; three grains, 3rd tritu- ration, every six hours. Arsenicum Iodidi.-In the pre-ulcerative engorgement, with puckered and dark skin over. Three grains, 3rd trituration, every six hours. Calcium Iodidi.—In permanent glandular enlargements, painless and stationary. Two grains, 3rd trituration, night and morning. The strength throughout must be supported by generous living, supplemented by Cod-liver Oil. The bosom, if it feel heavy and dragging, must be supported by the split bandage, as ordered under Gathered Breast. In addition to its other virtues in cancer, Hydrastis has unquestionably the power of allaying the pain at any stage, and assuaging the agony of even hopeless cases, in doses of from 3 to 10 and 20 in an extremity. A paste of the powdered root may be applied to open cancers. The relief is never so great, nor the progress as rapid, when the medicines are simply given internally. No one who has not witnessed it can believe the difference observable when they are also applied locally. In any case the experiment needs to be tried for only a very short time in proof. In conclusion, Acetic Acid has been brought before the notice of the profession by Dr. Broadbent amongst the Allo- paths; by Drs. Hastings and Franklin amongst the Homeo- paths.* The 1st dilution is injected by the hypodermic syringe, • Franklin's Surgery, p. 603. > Z 2 330 CHOICE OF A NURSE. for the purpose of altering the structure and controlling its growth by dissolving the cancer-cells. Its use in this way causes but little suffering; and if hæmorrhage results, it is easily arrested by Hamamelis, three drops, 1st dilution, every half-hour, and a lotion of one part of strong tincture to five of water. The choice of a nurse is well not deferred too long, as good nurses are scarce, and rarely disengaged. A nurse should have some aptitude for her work, and is better to have been a mother, that she may know something of that through which her patients have to pass. She should be a quiet, respectable, cleanly person, neither too young or too old; not over-garrulous; not given to dram-drinking; not one prone to meddle with and make servants dissatisfied and troublesome. She ought to be one the patient takes kindly to. It is best to have a distinct understanding with the nurse as to the exact nature and scope of the duties that she will be expected to discharge, these varying very much according to the position of the patient; some households being able to give considerable help to a nurse-in fact, getting every- thing ready for her, so that she has only the patient and infant to attend to; in others, the nurse has to be cook as well as nurse for the mistress. A lady ought to know ex- actly what she will require in a nurse; she should, therefore, inquire for such among her friends, and learn all her excel- lences and her faults. One of the best ways of choosing a nurse, when the oppor- tunity occurs, is for a young wife, if she have any friend recently confined, to visit her before the nurse leaves, that the nurse may be seen at her work. A nurse once had, if she suits, should be retained; it is far easier to get a worse than a better. Never secure the services of a fine lady, nor of a woman without kindness and method. The nurse should be asked to call a few hours before the confinement: it is not necessary to have her in the house, unless it is particularly wished, before pains actually come. on, as the patient usually finds she has quite enough of her company after. PREGNANCY-CHOICE OF A DOCTOR. 331 Everything required for the baby, including the berceau- nette, should be got ready by the end of the sixth month at latest. Choice of a Doctor.-The next thing you will have to do, and about the same time, is to select and engage your doctor. Speak to one in whom you have fullest confidence; it is not wise to decide on one that you hope you may get to like, since thorough confidence, when the time comes, will help you wonderfully. If at all practicable, secure the services of a Homœopath for the time, and the after-attend- ance, of which, by-the-bye, if the rules here given be carried out, very little will be required. What is wanted, Homœo- pathy is just fitted to minister, and an attendant who knows it is therefore vastly preferable to any other, and he will dare to depend on the powers of nature, and to encourage you to depend on them, much more than his Allopathic opponent. If the choice, as is too frequently the case, must be made from the old school, do not decide hastily; select a kind and patient man, who is not apt to boast of his clever quickness in these cases; one, too, who has the cha- racter of sending but little medicine: if he is chosen, and sends any, do anything with it rather than take it. If, during the labour, a draught to help you is suggested or offered, let it be put off with the pretext of waiting a little, to see how matters will go on. You will also require to fix on some friend to be with you during your confinement; it will be much better not to be a mother or near relation, as they can scarcely help being too sympathising. Let it be some judicious, motherly person, with tact, judgment, and nerve, and of a cheerful disposition, to be your special companion, and generally to supervise and regulate the lying-in room and the nurse. It is better to make this friend acquainted with the where- abouts of all the little things likely to be wanted, and to have these all conveniently handy, together with the baby's basket thoroughly furnished, so that everything can be got in a few minutes. Besides these you will need some safety pins, of good size; a little olive oil, or cold cream; some eau-de-cologne, and 332 TERMINATION OF PREGNANCY. a binder. A stout pillow-case makes as good a one as need be; or a stout piece of linen, about the same size and width; or they can be got in sets, nicely shaped, at a very reasonable rate. Let there be a good supply of napkins, some of good size, on a towel-horse before the fire, together with the first things the baby is likely to want. I have known more trouble than enough in finding these things, and especially a binder; and several drawers to be tumbled over in con- fusion or fruitless search. Neither brandy, whiskey, or any other spirit, will need to be in the bed-room; but a pair of scissors that will cut, with blunt points; some pieces of linen rag, three or four about as large as the palm of the hand, just scorched at the fire, and round holes cut in the centre for the divided navel-string, and half-a-dozen lengths of four inches of stout linen thread, six together, knitted at the ends. Then, all you will have to do will be to wait with calm- ness and patience for the expected event. Do not allow yourself to be led astray by your own fears, or frightened by the forebodings of any croakers. There is really little ground for apprehension of any kind. Labour is a purely natural process; and when allowed to be so, is very rarely indeed a dangerous one. I have attended considerably over 600 cases: in all these I have not had one death through the confinement; not one case of convulsions; not one of childbed fever, nor one of inflammation of the womb; and only one cross-birth out of the whole number. Nor do I cite this as an exceptional experience; that of most careful accoucheurs fairly bears out what is here stated. 333 CHAPTER II. PARTURITION, OR LABOUR. FALSE PAINS; NATURAL LABOUR; PREPARATORY PAINS; FIRST STAGE OF LABOUR; TREMBLINGS AND CHILLS; RESTLESSNESS; FEEBLE PAINS; VIOLENT SPASMODIC PAINS; GENERAL DIRECTIONS; SECOND STAGE OF LABOUR; INDICATIONS AND PROGRESS OF; BURSTINg of THE WATERS; CHLOROFORM; BIRTH OF THE CHILD; MANAGEMENT OF THE NAVEL-CORD; WHEN THE CHILD DOES NOT BREATHE; THE BINDER; AFTER-MEDICAL AND GENERAL TREATMENT OF PATIENT AND CHILD. DURING the later months of pregnancy, pains of greater or less severity and frequency are not uncommon; sometimes severe and prolonged enough to lead even those who have had families to suppose that labour is coming on before its time. These are called False Pains, and may be caused by over-fatigue, excitement, constipation, flatulence, or acidity. The pains may be sharp; but they generally lack the regu- larity of the true preparatory pains. Real labour-pains often come on suddenly, just as the patient may have felicitated herself she has a day or two more of respite. - There is usually a sensible sinking and lightness preceding labour, the waist getting smaller from the actual sinking- down of the womb. Pulsatilla, two drops, 3rd dilution, dissipates these false pains, or helps to render labour more. speedy. If it is beginning, Chamomilla, two drops 3rd, or Opium, two drops 3rd, may also prove of service. Natural Labour.—As a rule, first confinements are more tedious than those which succeed. This is not, however, invariably the case. The birth of a seventh child may be as lingering as that of a first. Nor has age entirely to do with it. I have seen a woman of thirty-four have as quick a confinement and as good a getting-up as one of two or three-and-twenty. A labour is deemed perfectly natural as 334 LABOUR-PAINS AND CHILLS. to its duration when, from its real commencement to its suc- cessful termination, it is completed in twenty-four hours. In this period, however, there will generally be some con- siderable freedom from pain. Preparatory Pains-First Stage. When labour is setting in, besides the subsidence to which we have referred, there is a general restlessness and uneasiness, frequent calls to pass water, perhaps colicky, griping pains and straining, contrac- tion of the womb, and mucous discharge in and from the passage or vagina: it may be thin, or thick and viscid ; the quantity varies very much in different women: it may be, as labour advances, slightly coloured. By nurses, this is called " a show." It very much facilitates the transit of the child. These first pains are of a grinding or cutting character, coming with regularity, getting up to a climax, and then gradually going off altogether for a time, soon to return. They begin in the lower part of the womb-are first felt in the back, and extend gradually to the front. Their office is to dilate the mouth of the womb, and to pro- trude the "bag of waters." When very much prolonged they wear and teaze the patient more than the stronger pains of a later stage, as she does not feel that these " help her," or "do her good." It is well to bear in mind what their office really is, and that they cannot be dispensed with. To moderate their trying character, to get all the possible good and benefit out of them, Pulsatilla, two drops of 3rd dilution every quarter of an hour, is of great service, unless the mouth of the womb is hard or rigid, and difficult or slow of dilatation. In some instances it is as tough as gristle, and as unyielding, apparently, as parchment. Gelseminum.-One drop of 3rd dilution every quarter of an hour, and a Glycerole of Gelseminum locally. Tremblings and Chills.-Women of nervous tempera- ment may at this stage have tremblings and chills, pro- duced by the rapid dilatation of the os uteri, generally promising speedy delivery. Aconite, two drops of 3rd dilu- tion, will be the principal remedy; or Opium, two drops of 3rd dilution, if Aconite is not sufficient: the patient trem- bling all over. HINDRANCES TO LABOUR. 335 Gelseminum.-Nervous chills, with shivering and chat- tering of the teeth. One drop, 3rd dilution, every quarter of an hour. If the patient is hot, restless, and thirsty, let her drink plentifully of cold water; and if, besides, there is but little, if any, "show," and the parts are hot and dry, give Aconite, two drops of 3rd dilution, every quarter of an hour: if there is nausea, Lobelia at the same strength and time. Actual sickness, unless very violent and distressing to the patient, does not require much interference, as the spasmodic movements and general relaxation help the progress of the case. A drop of the 3rd dilution of Ipecacuanha may be given. If the pains are feeble after having been regular, and in- creasing somewhat suddenly, falling off, and almost ceasing— if from a previous delicate state this arises from exhaustion and fatigue, nothing rallies the powers better than Arnica, two drops of the 3rd dilution every ten minutes until the patient revives: follow it by Caulophyllum in the same way. If the pains are very violent and spasmodic, especially if there should be any twitchings or nervous excitement, give Cimicifuga in like manner. It is not necessary for a patient to keep her bed during the first stage; the room can be thoroughly prepared, the bed made, and guarded with old sheets or soft counterpane, and macintosh or oil-skin on the mattress, and she herself nearly undressed, with a loose dressing-gown on. She should be encouraged to walk about the room during the intervals of pain, and to take a pain or two standing up, leaning on the shoulder of a friend or nurse. The room should be comfortably warm, and plenty of fresh air admitted: if the weather is not too cold, the window may be a little way open. The nurse and one friend, or at the most two, are all that should be in the room at a time. The conversation should be cheerful, but not about confinements, and especially not about bad cases. Before this it will be well to have sum- moned the doctor, that he may form his opinion of the case. To this end he must be allowed to examine the patient, who 336 LABOUR-PROGRESS OF SECOND STAGE. must lie on the bed on her left side. One such examination will enable the doctor to determine whether or not it is really labour; and if so, how far it has advanced, and to satisfy himself, the patient, and all besides, that it is all right, and that a little time, patience, and care, promise a successful issue. It is not necessary for the doctor to remain in the room; in fact, it is better he should not, but be within call, so as to be summoned at once when wanted. The patient should lie down now and then, when wearied, on the bed or on a couch. If she feel inclined, or even if she does not, she should be prevailed upon now and then to drink a little tea, or sip some nicely-made strained gruel, not too thick. The nurse should see that water is passed sufficiently often. Second stage of labour begins as soon as the pains alter in character, and are forcing, bearing down, and expulsive. The cries, too, become totally different: at first they are those of pain, distress, and discomfort; now, from the breath being held, they are a groan. All attempts, in the first stage, of the patient to help herself by holding her breath or bear- ing down, are just so much trouble lost, and only serve to waste her strength for nothing. Now, when the pains are on, she will find she cannot talk, and that, especially as the labour approaches a termination, holding her breathing and forcing down will greatly help, as will also Pulsatilla, two drops of 3rd dilution every quarter of an hour. As soon as the pains are forcing the lady will be better in bed, thoroughly undressed, except her night-dress; stockings, flannel petticoat, stays, drawers, all off. I have known patients put to bed with all these on. It is well to have a thin sheet fastened, not too tightly, round the waist, and brought down over the hips to the knees, and the clean night-dress rolled up. This sheet can be quietly unfastened after labour, when the under loose sheets are withdrawn, and the patient made tidy and clean, a fresh loose sheet being slipped under without annoyance and fatigue-a matter of no little importance. As the pains get worse in the back, it is a great relief to have the back firmly pressed with the flat hand, not with the knuckles or closed fist, as is some- times thoughtlessly done; a stout huckaback roller-towel LABOUR-PROGRESS OF SECOND STAGE. 337 may be put round the bed-post for the patient to pull at. The last few pains are, as may be expected, by far the worst, for which the patient will generally be prepared by timely warning, and will nerve herself up to bear them with the hope that it will soon be over. It is a great mistake to suppose that, in ordinary natural labours (which nearly all are), it is possible, or, if possible, it would be wise and prudent, for the medical attendant to do much, or to " help." The less interference the better and safer, and the sooner it will be over; frequent examinations irritate and retard. If it be any great satisfaction to you in the later stage, your doctor will not object to be with you—to take a seat at your back, you lying on your left side -to hold your back, as by experience it is found none can do it so well and thoroughly as the doctor-to give you a word of encouragement and praise, and to tell you when, and when not, to bear down. Towards the last he will give the care of your back to some one else; he will satisfy himself that there is no obstacle in the rigidity of the external parts to the passage of the child: if there be, he will apply plentifully of cold cream, will use gentle but firm support, and be pre- pared to receive the baby. It is very natural, especially if the labour seem tedious, to ask when it will be over. This, depending on so many things-for instance, on the regularity and strength of the pains, to mention nothing else—is a question more easily asked than answered. From experience, your attendant will very often be able to hazard a shrewd guess in such cases you may depend he will be only too glad, from the encouragement and stimulus it will afford, to tell you when he thinks you will be out of your trouble. : The Gush of Waters.-Towards the conclusion of labour, but not by any means at any certain time, "the bag of waters," which goes before the head of the child as a soft and yielding wedge (thus very wisely making way for it), suddenly bursts, when a gush of hot water streams forth over the person and thighs; the membranes enclosing the waters being no longer able to bear the pressure made on them. Not infrequently, but not by any means always, the head of the child quickly follows. Now and then, 338 CHLOROFORM IN LABOUR-RULES TO BE OBSERVED. especially if the labour is at all before its time, the mem- branes are so tough that they do not break of themselves, but have forcibly to be torn after the birth of the child. If "the waters" break very early, a tedious labour generally follows. Chloroform, during confinement, is thoroughly safe; still, with due attention to the health during pregnancy, and Homœopathic medicines at the time, it is scarcely required, and should never be advised, except for the very nervous and sensitive, just for the last few pains. In practice it is much more often had in readiness, than actually desired and used at the time. When the child is born before the arrival of the doctor (as will happen sometimes even when he does not live far off, and will be especially apt to occur in country districts), the nurse is generally able to officiate under these circumstances; though it is well to make the inquiry whether she can act in such an emergency: if not, it will be as well to know of some one to whom she can apply for help. Rules to be observed. If the vulva or external parts are very firm and unyielding, a plentiful use of olive oil or cold cream must not be forgotten. The open left hand, with a napkin over it, must give support just behind the distended parts, but not with too great pressure; it must be firm but yielding. A pressure by the hands of another attendant, over the bowels or abdomen during the pains, affords great relief to some; others cannot bear it. Gently support the head of the infant with your right hand as it passes through the external parts, and hold it until the shoulders, body, and hips are through also. There is generally a pause after the birth of the head, which is the largest part of the child: wait patiently, keeping the mouth quite free from the dis- charge, so that the infant may have a chance of breathing. There must be no pulling or twisting of any kind whatever. If there is any delay, a cold hand placed upon the bowels will generally produce all the stimulus required to cause another contraction and pain, which will press the body for- ward. As soon as you find, by passing your fingers, that the navel-cord is round the neck, as it is occasionally three MANAGEMENT OF AFTER-BIRTH. 339 and four times, very often once, get your finger within the folds, and slip them gently one by one over the head of the child. When the child is born draw it a little from the mother; then proceed to tie and separate the navel-cord; get two of the threads, specially provided for this purpose-tie one of them fully three fingers' breadth from the belly of the child, and tie it firmly and securely round; then, two fingers' breadth from that, tie the other in the same way. Place the child in the petticoat or flannel receiver, and lay it near the foot of the bed. Give the patient a teaspoonful out of a teacupful of cold water, into which three drops of strong tincture of Arnica have been put and well stirred up: repeat the dose every five minutes. This will prevent hæmorrhage, and relieve the feeling of fatigue and faintness. Do not hurry the after-birth; it will be all in good time if it come in from fifteen to twenty minutes after the birth of the child. The severed cord lies very temptingly; do not, on any account, meddle with it, but continue your Arnica; send down stairs for some hot water-a pint and a-half; have it ready in the room, with an empty hand-basin, and two good-sized and soft napkins. Have the binder also in readiness. At the end of fifteen minutes, or a little before, the hand can be placed upon the bowels, especially if the patient feel a little pain: she cannot expect it at once; for after the effort required to bring an infant into the world, there is naturally a lull and a rest. The cool hand produces a contraction, which forces down the pla- centa, when the uterus is found firmly contracted, like a good-sized ball; the after-birth, or placenta, will usually be found detached, and lying close in the passage or vagina; two fingers, previously oiled, introduced, will reach it, and bring it, with a very little force, further down and outwards. It is the better plan to twist it gently round as it comes, in order that all may be brought away. The after-birth and cord vary greatly in size: very frequently the placenta is tender, and easily broken in pieces; it is, therefore, better to handle it very gently under all circumstances. As soon as the after-birth, with any clots that may have passed, are put into the utensil prepared for their reception, pour your 340 PUTTING STRAIGHT AFTER DELIVERY. hot water into the hand-basin; to it add three teaspoonfuls of Arnica, the strong tincture; put one of the large soft napkins into it, squeeze it nearly dry, fold it, and then place it well up, gently but firmly, to the vulva, and between the thighs, putting a dry one up over it. This affords wonderful relief, taking away smarting and soreness: it must be repeated at intervals during the first day. It is never attended with any bad effects, and is always appreciated. Do not forget to continue your Arnica internally. The bandage must be placed very firmly round the body; roll one end of it up to nearly one-half; put this next and underneath the patient's naked body, as she lies; get the roll pulled out and unrolled; have both your ends level; see that the part underneath is smooth and free from creases, then pull it tightly over, and fasten with safety pins; if the bowels are very sore, put on a napkin wrung out of the Arnica water, not very hot; over that a soft, dry napkin, and then, over all, the bandage. If the bowels are very flat, two or three dry napkins over may be required. If the under- sheet is very wet, draw it out, and put a clean, warmed, soft sheet in its place underneath, and next the patient, without disturbing her. Then let the patient be perfectly quiet for six hours at least, with nothing to disturb her except that it will be well if you can get her to drink three parts of a breakfast-cup of thinnish, strained, nicely-made gruel, directly you have put the bed-clothes straight. If she can get some sleep so much the better: it is always best for her to keep her hands in bed, and warm; these and the face may be sponged frequently with tepid water during labour, and once more just as you straighten, after the bandage; but not anything like a washing. An experienced nurse will be able, without fidgetting the patient, to satisfy herself that no hæmorrhage or undue discharge is going on; the hand quietly passed into the bed, with the aspect of the patient, will be all that will be requisite. There must be no talking and whispering. It will be as well to have the child washed in another room, or down-stairs: where that is not practicable, let it be done very quietly indeed, if done in the room. MANAGEMENT OF NEW-BORN INFANT. 341 The husband, during the progress of labour in every stage, is far better, for himself and for his wife, kept away. He may just come in after she is straight. The visit will, how- ever, be better deferred until she has had a rest, and the baby is dressed fit for presentation. - For four-and-twenty hours after delivery do not make a thorough change of the patient and her bed. If these instructions have been carried out, she can be made quite sufficiently comfortable without. The Infant.-A healthy baby, after a natural labour, quickly begins to cry lustily, roused to activity by the cool air felt on its delicate and susceptible skin-music of delightful harmony to a mother's ear, fully repaying her for all her suffering. Wrapped up in its warm petticoat or flannel, it soon feels comfortable, and ceases to cry. If it does not cry it will require attention: a tedious labour, some undue pressure in the birth, may cause its stillness. A few drops of water sprinkled on its chest gene- rally suffice to rouse it to due activity. If it present a darkish appearance, do not too hastily cut the cord. If it does not cry after the application of the water, lay it on its face on the bed, half turn it round by one shoulder, and then lay it on its face again, gently pressing its ribs meanwhile with your hand. Put two globules of Arnica on its tongue. If this does not suffice, put it into a bath of hot water, and blow down its mouth and nostrils. All these methods will sometimes fail: gene- rally half of them are not required to produce respiration. The nurse will first satisfy herself, after the baby has breathed, that it is of right make and shape. A piece of soft flannel, or the hand itself if it be a soft one, with abundance of warm soft water and yellow soap, are the best to give it its first washing, and to free it, especially under the arms and in the groins, from the lardaceous matter with which they and its whole body are often plentifully besmeared. The piece of scorched rag, which we have ordered to be previously prepared, must be drawn over the cut navel-cord, wrapped loosely round it, and then laid upwards on the body, then over it the binder, fastened by a stitch or two. 342 LABOUR-ITS AFTER-MANAGEMENT. Stitches are far better than pins, even safety pins, as many a fit of crying owes its origin and persistence to the con- stant prick of a stray and truant pin. Give the baby, when dressed, a teaspoonful or two of sugared water-nothing else at your peril; put its head- flannel on, and lay it carefully beside its mother in the warm to sleep. After it has had some sleep, and, at all events, the mother has had some hours' rest (four at least), put the baby to the breast: even if it get nothing, it helps early to get the baby into the way of sucking; and the irritation of the infant at the bosom, by sympathy, causes the womb to con- tract and cleanse itself. The sugared water may be con- tinued in small quantities every two hours if the baby get nothing, and the milk is some time coming. If you give it anything else, or much of that, the baby will be too lazy to draw its own proper nourishment from the breast. THE CHAPTER III. LABOUR-ITS AFTER-MANAGEMENT. AFTER-PAINS; THE LOCHIA, OR AFTER-DISCHARGE; MANAGEMENT OF то PUTTING THE BABY THE BREAST; BREAST; SORE AND CRACKED DEPRESSED NIPPLES; NIPPLES; ESTABLISHMENT MANAGEMENT OF LACTATION; GETTING RID OF THE MILK; GATHERED BREASTS. AND BREASTS; AFTER-PAINS, in many instances sharp and lingering, and coming on, especially after rapid deliveries, very quickly, are too frequent and distressing to permit of the patient getting much rest. If there be nothing else suitable in the house, a cup of moderately strong coffee may cause them to abate. One or other of the following Homoeopathic reme- dies will be far better:-Chamomilla, Coffea, or Cimicifuga, of the 3rd dilution, three drops every half-hour. When the • 2 LABOUR-THE LOCHIA. 343 after-pains are not troublesome continue the Arnica, only at the 3rd dilution, with an occasional dose of Aconite. Lochia, or After-discharge.-There is always more or less discharge at the time; it continues for several days, acquiring, as it is mixed up with the broken-down decidua of the lining membrane of the uterus, a peculiar odour, decreasing usually towards the end of a week; increasing, again, after the patient sits up, and taking a deeper tinge; for as it begins to decrease it gets pale-at last almost like discoloured water: it is first reddish, then brown, then green. The parts should have the hot wet napkin, with Arnica, kept to them, and also, three or four times a day, be bathed with warm water, to which Arnica is added in the proportions of three teaspoonfuls to a pint and a-half of water. If Arnica does not suit, substitute Calendula. If the internal parts be very sore, they may be syringed or bathed with Calendula and water. If the lochia are too abundant, China, Ipecacuanha, Belladonna, given according to the indications under Menorrhagia, will suffice soon to moderate them. The room and the patient must not be kept too warm. If the lochia are very offensive, give Arsenicum or Bap- tisia, internally, and inject three parts of a pint of warm water, with ten drops of Carbolic Acid added to it. Management of the Breasts.-It is a mother's bounden. duty, unless constitutional symptoms emphatically forbid, to suckle her infant. To this end, especially with a first child, the breasts will need some preparation. After a first labour it is not usual to have much milk before the third day, though there may be some swelling and uneasiness. Aconite will help to abate this; and if there is increase of heat and redness, with throbbing, Bella- donna. Until the milk comes freely, the child may be applied, at regular intervals, to both the breasts every two hours. It is as well, during the first day, to wash the breasts with a little warm water, and also the nipples, carefully drying them with a warm, soft napkin. If this is not done, there may be some mucus about the nipples, or perspiration about 2 A 344 SORE AND DEPRESSED NIPPLES. the breasts, which will effectually prevent the baby suckling. When, after the breast has been well washed, there is any difficulty in getting the infant to take it, put some sugar on the nipple, or smear it with cream. Though one breast may be much more plentifully supplied with milk than the other, it is a great pity to get into the habit of using only that one, or that one nearly exclusively. Sore and Cracked Nipples.-The nurse should pay con- stant attention to the state of the nipples when there is any tendency to inflammation, as pain, redness, or swelling; they should be washed immediately the child has done suckling, with warm water; dried carefully and gently with a warm, dry napkin, and dusted with unscented violet- powder: if this is not sufficient to prevent chapping, put ten drops of strong tincture of Arnica to a wine-glassful of water. Let a piece of linen, wet with this lotion, lie on the nipples after washing them, until the baby is nursed again. A strong solution of green tea, as a lotion, some- times hardens the nipples when nothing else will. If the nipple has cracked, a shield, made of soap plaister or mole- skin, or thin, soft leather, must be put on a circular piece, about three or four inches across, with a small hole cut in the centre only, just large enough to let the top of the nipple through where the ducts are situated, through which the milk is drawn. This is by far the best kind of shield. Chamomilla is the first medicine to be used internally for the redness or irritation. Graphites every four hours. on the first appearance of the chapping. Sulphur, if the fissures deepen, night and morning, leaving off the Gra- phites. Depressed Nipples.-The preparation of the nipples during pregnancy has been previously treated of; and if the matter has been rightly attended to, there will be little trouble now. There are cases in which the nipples are so sunk in, that no means serve to get the nipple out sufficiently to enable an infant to be suckled. The milk must then be got rid of. Let the mother take as little to drink as she can, and the breasts be well and thoroughly rubbed all over, LACTATION-GATHERED BREASTS. 345 and round under the arm, with olive oil, so as to induce the milk to run away. If this is not sufficient, a breast-pump must be used occasionally, or a woman employed, night and morning, to empty them; and then, in a day or two, only every morning. Bryonia, Belladonna, and Rhus, if there be any rheu- matic pains, are the best medicines to aid in getting rid of the milk. The due establishment of Lactation, or the coming and flow of the milk, is always a time of some little solicitude. It varies somewhat as to the time at which it makes its appearance, from twenty-four to thirty-six hours. An increase of pulse, thirst, headache, and perhaps a chill, usher in the secretion. The breasts considerably increase in size, sometimes getting very painful, hard, and knotted. A little Aconite, followed by Belladonna, if the redness and hardness increase; attention to thorough rubbing with oil; warm fomentations; putting the child regularly to them; or an older child will generally, for a time or two, suffice to subdue all mischief, especially if the milk begins to flow freely, and some of it to run away. Care must be taken not to get a chill from exposure to the cold in getting the chest uncovered: if the weather is at all cold, it is as well to have a strip of thin flannel to lie across. Sometimes there is considerable delay; the milk seems as though it would not come-as if there would not be any at all. Agnus Castus, three drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours, will some- times bring a supply. Or there may be, after a time, just the reverse; the milk may come too rapidly; it may run away to such a degree as to keep the mother thoroughly saturated. Let as little liquid as possible be taken; support the breasts by a silk handkerchief, tied under the breast and round the neck; apply the baby at regular intervals; only give China three times a day, three drops; or Helonias, if China does not seem sufficient, with a dose of Trituration of Calcarea night and morning. Give the same medicines. if the milk is too poor, and does not seem to satisfy the child. Gathered Breasts.-A dose or two of Mercurius, in place of the Belladonna, for a few times, when, notwithstanding 2 A 2 346 DIET FOR THE LYING-IN ROOM, AND CONVALESCENCE. If the all care, the formation of matter seems imminent. swollen bosom begin to point, or get prominent, with in- creased redness in any one place, give Hepar Sulphuris every hour, with a linseed poultice over the whole breast. When the breast has broken, continue the Hepar, warm bathings, and a tepid piece of rag over the part from which the matter oozes, covered with oiled silk. If the matter seems as though it would not exhaust itself, and the abscess shows no disposition to heal, substitute Silicea for your Hepar, and plaisters of Arnica Cerate for your water-dressing. If the edges get hard as well as red, and after having given the Silicea for three days there is no alteration, give Hydrastis, with a tepid solution of the remedy-six drops of strong tincture to a wine-glassful of water, syringed with a glass syringe gently and carefully into the opening twice a day. When the breast is very heavy and swollen, supporting it with a large silk handker- chief spread under it, and tied round the neck, is a great source of comfort; or by a split bandage. Diet of the Lying-in Chamber, and Convalescence.— For the first twenty-four hours nothing more will ordi- narily be required than weak black tea, and nicely-made oatmeal gruel. The tea should be made pretty much as required—not allowed to stand: the gruel neither too warm nor too thick, just as the patient can comfortably drink it; and only as much as the patient will be likely to drink at once in a breakfast-cup; let it be rather more than half full-not much-scrupulously clean, on a waiter, with a per- fectly clean cloth on it. Take care never to spill any liquid, whether gruel, or broth, or tea, into your patient's saucer; let the bottom of the cup be quite dry and clean, so that, if preferred, the cup can be lifted out of the saucer without the dread of spilling on sheets, night-dress, or even the tray-cloth. Little and often will be the best for the first day. on Gruel-To make.-One tablespoonful of Robinson's groats, mixed quite smoothly, with two tablespoonfuls of cold water added slowly; then pour into the basin one pint of boiling water, stirring all the time; put it into a clean saucepan, DIET FOR THE LYING-IN ROOM, AND CONVALESCENCE. 347 | keeping it well stirred; strain through a piece of muslin. It is best taken simply with salt or sugar. Some toust-and-water and barley-water can be prepared ready for the second day. In making toast-and-water never blacken the bread-toast it only brown. Barley-water is best made as follows:-One tablespoonful of pearl barley washed in cold water; when washed put to it two or three lumps of sugar; pour on these one quart of boiling water; let it stand on the hob by the fire for seven or eight hours; strain previous to use. Half an ounce of isinglass may be dissolved in the quart of water before it is added. The juice of half a lemon is an agreeable addition. No stronger food than what is mentioned above must be given, except in extreme cases; nor will anything else be desired. Gruel is felt to be soothing, and it is sufficiently nourishing; it is quickly absorbed and easily digested. The efforts of nature are busily occupied in restoring the equilibrium, repairing waste, elaborating the milk, and so on. To call off those efforts, when they are employed in so salutary a manner, to digest a mutton chop, is not any way consonant with the requirements of the case. For the Second Day.-As the first, with the addition of a little food now and then, instead of the gruel, made with a dessert-spoonful of Chapman's Entire Flour, half a pint of water and milk in equal quantities; smoothly moisten the flour to make a paste, boil the re- mainder, stir altogether, boil over the fire for three or four minutes; take with salt or sugar, according to taste. For the Third Day.-Chapman's Food, or Revalenta, black tea, barley-water, or toast-water, and light custard pudding, made as follows (ordinarily so called, light puddings are more like bullets for hardness, and nearly as digestible):- Two eggs, yolk and white, well whisked together; half a pint of warmed milk; mix the milk with the eggs, stirring all the time. Have ready a small buttered basin that will just hold it; tie a floured cloth over it, and thrust it into boiling water, turning it about for a few minutes; boil slowly for half-an- hour, then turn out and serve immediately, with sugar. At the close of the third day, or the beginning of the fourth, the bowels are generally relieved of themselves if the diet 348 DIET FOR THE LYING-IN ROOM, AND CONVALESCENCE. has been attended to. If the bowels are not relieved in thirty-six hours after delivery, give two pilules of the 6th dilution of Opium, repeating them every six hours until relief; then meat may be taken by the patient. Get a small lean mutton chop, off the loin or neck; beat it well with a rolling-pin or chopper; cut off every scrap of fat, then put it into a stew-pan or shallow tin with a cover, and two teacup- fuls of boiling water, and a little pepper and vinegar; simmer very gently for two hours, then serve. Meat will do once a day at first, then twice, until the patient gets down- stairs and about again; but egg-flip may be taken in the middle of the morning at any time-that is, the yolk of an egg beaten up with a little hot water, added to half a break- fast-cupful of milk. Brown bread, or dry toast and butter, with tea, in the afternoon; with Revalenta or Chapman's Food, or Panada, for supper. An egg very lightly boiled two minutes and a-half, may now and then be taken with the second breakfast. Some plain soups of various kinds (a list of which is given below) about eleven; different kinds of light pudding, with mutton or fowl, or white fish, game of any kind, sweetbread, or stewed oysters, with toast-and-water or Claret-and-water, or light Hungarian wine-and-water, as a beverage for dinner. For the early breakfast, about five, some tea and bread and butter, or dried toast and butter, or Chapman's Food, or Revalenta, or cocoa. Annexed are some recipes for the lying-in room and convalescence generally. Macaroni Soup.-One ounce of macaroni, butter the size of a nut, salt to taste, boiling water just sufficient to cover the macaroni, simmer half-an-hour; when tender, drain and cut into lengths; drop into boiling stock soup as much as may be required for your patient for once taking; stew gently for fifteen minutes, then serve. Stock Soup.-One pound of skin of beef, one pound of lean mutton, four white pepper-corns, a lump of sugar, one quart of water; simmer gently for six hours, skim well, and strain. Mutton Broth.-Take one or two chops from a neck of mutton cut into small pieces, put into a saucepan with the bones, but no skin or fat; one pint of cold water; pepper and T 1 DIET FOR THE LYING-IN ROOM, AND CONVALESCENCE. 349 salt; cover the saucepan, bring the water quickly to boil, take off the lid and continue the rapid boiling for twenty minutes, skimming it well all the time; strain the broth into a basin, take every particle of fat off, and serve with bread or toast nicely cut or crumbed into it. Beef-Tea.-One pound of lean gravy-beef; have the meat cut without fat or bone; choose a nice fleshy piece, cut it into small bits about the size of dice, and put it into a clean saucepan with one quart of cold water; boil, then skim well; add some salt, then simmer gently for three-quarters of an hour, removing any scum that may rise; strain, and set it by in a cool place. When required for use, remove every particle of fat, and warm up as much as you will be likely to want. Or one pound of fleshy beef; cut it into small square pieces after trimming off all the fat; put it into a baking- jar, with a pint and a-half of cold water and some salt; cover the jar well, place it in a warm but not hot oven for three or four hours, or put it in at bed-time and take it out in the morning. Keep it in a cool place as before. Beef-Tea with Oatmeal. One tablespoonful of oatmeal mixed very smoothly with one of cold water; then add half a pint of strong beef-tea, boiling; boil together five or six minutes; strain through a sieve, and serve. Liebig's Extract of Beef may be used occasionally. It can be bought in very small jars, and made at the rate of one penny per cup. It is not so nourishing as beef-tea. Chicken Broth. Take half a fowl, or the inferior joints of a whole one, one quart of cold water, one blade of mace, a quarter of an onion, salt to taste, and ten pepper-corns; put these with the fowl into a saucepan, gently simmer for an bour and a-half; when done, strain and put by in a cool place until wanted. Calf's-foot Broth.-One calf's foot, three pints of water, a small lump of sugar, and a few pieces of lemon-peel; stew very gently until the liquid is reduced to one-half, removing any scum; set it by in a basin until quite cold; take off all fat. When required for use, warm up half a pint with a very small quantity of butter and grated nutmeg; take it off the fire for a minute or two, and add the beaten yolk of an egg; 350 DIET FOR THE LYING-IN ROOM, AND CONVALESCENCE. keep stirring over the fire until the mixture thickens : do not allow it to boil after the egg is added, or it will curdle. Rabbit Soup.-Cut a rabbit in pieces, put it into a stew-pan, with a teacupful of stock soup; simmer slowly until done through, then add one quart of water, and boil for an hour. Take out the rabbit, pick the meat from the bones, covering it up to keep it white; put the bones back into the liquor, then simmer for two hours, skim, strain, and let it cool; pound up the meat in a mortar, with the yolks of two hard-boiled eggs, some crumbs of bread pre- viously soaked; rub it through a sieve or strainer; then gradually add the strained liquor, and simmer for fifteen minutes. Mutton Jelly.-Six shanks of mutton; soak them in water, and then scrub them well; put them and half a pound of lean beef, with a crust of bread toasted brown, with pepper and salt to taste, into a saucepan, with a quart and a-half of water; let them simmer very gently for five hours; strain it, and, when cold, take off the fat. Warm up as much as required when wanted. Rice Milk. Wash three tablespoonfuls of rice; put it into a saucepan with one quart of milk, sugar to taste, and a little grated nutmeg; simmer very gently until the rice is tender, stirring it occasionally to prevent burning. Tapioca, Semolina, Vermicelli, and Macaroni, may all be dressed in the same way. Rice Pudding.-Two ounces of best Carolina rice, three- quarters of a pint of milk, half an ounce of butter, flavour- ing of lemon-peel and sugar to taste; let the rice, with these ingredients, swell over a slow fire; let the mixture cool a little; beat well two eggs, and mix with the rice; fill a but- tered mould three-parts full, and bake; turn out on a white d'oyley, and serve with plain, sweet sauce. Light Pudding.-One tablespoonful of ground rice, boiled very smoothly in three-fourths of a pint of new milk; let it get quite cold, then add two eggs well beaten up, a lump of white sugar; line a small tart-dish with short crust, made with baking-powder and Chapman's whole flour; put in the Da DIET FOR THE LYING-IN ROOM, AND CONVALESCENCE. 351 pudding, and bake quickly. Serve the moment it is ready, for it falls directly. Baked Light Pudding.-One pint of milk; mix two ounces of Chapman's Entire Flour with a small portion of it; boil the remainder of the milk, and pour it over the cold mixture; then boil altogether for three or four minutes, stirring with a wooden spoon, sweeten, and flavour to taste; add three eggs, previously well beaten; bake in a buttered tart-dish for about half-an-hour. Rice Cream.-Boil one pint of new milk with a quarter of a pound of ground rice, a small lump of butter, a little lemon-peel and sugar, for five minutes; then add half an ounce of isinglass, previously dissolved in water; then let the mixture cool; when cool, add half a pint of cream whisked to a froth; mix altogether, and set it in a very cold place; when used, turn it out of the basin into a dish. Some stewed apple or stewed prunes may be served with it. Milk to keep sweet.-In hot weather, fifteen grains of bicarbonate of soda to a quart of milk. Sago Sauce for Puddings.-A dessert-spoonful of sago, nearly half a pint of water, one teaspoonful of lemon-juice, and a little lemon rind and sugar. Wash the sago; put it into a saucepan with the water and lemon-peel; add the other ingredients; boil and serve. Fruit Cream.-Apples, gooseberries, or any fresh, ripe fruit. A pint of milk to every pint of pulp. Prepare the fruit as for stewing; put it into a jar with two tablespoon- fuls of water and some moist sugar; set this jar in a saucepan of boiling water; boil until the fruit is soft enough to mash; when sufficiently done, beat it into a pulp, and work the pulp through a colander; stir, to every pint, a pint of milk; sweeten and serve. Sweetbread may be either baked, fried, or stewed-first put into warm water for an hour, then with boiling water, and simmer for ten minutes; take it up, and drain; and then, for both baked and fried, brush over with egg, and sprinkle with bread-crumbs. Put sweetbread into a moderately hot oven, and bake for three-quarters of an hour; serve on pieces of toast, with plain gravy poured round. If fried, cut into 352 HYGIENIC TREATMENT AFTER LABOUR. slices before you add the bread-crumbs; then fry with as little butter as possible, pepper and salt, and serve with plain gravy, or white sauce. If stewed, after it has been boiled for ten minutes, put it into cold water for a few minutes; lay it in a stew-pan with nearly half a pint of stock;" simmer gently for half-an-hour; thicken the gravy with a little flour. Hygienic and Medicinal Treatment.-Besides the secre- tion of the milk to which we have referred, the womb has to contract: in the course of ten or twelve days it will have reduced to one-half or one-third the size that it was at delivery. The muscles and walls generally of the abdomen have to recover themselves as well; so that a good many, and all of them important, processes are going forward. We have given ten or twelve days as the time: in the case of many it is considerably longer; in some, of robust constitu- tion, who lead stirring, out-door lives, it is much shorter. Of this kind there are comparatively few: artificial, con- ventional life has its effect on the constitution, on the power of the muscles of the abdomen, and of the womb as well, rendering labour itself more lingering, and the con- valescence, or 66 'getting up," tedious. So far has this weakening influence magnified itself to the mind of one medical practitioner of some eminence, that he has devised a complicated set of bars, screws, and springs, to fasten on at the time of confinement; not only to aid in expulsion, but to do it nearly all.* A cumbersome, teasing, horrifying con- trivance, that many would faint at the very thought of; perfectly needless for those who carry out the advice here laid down. None, however strong, can afford, without great risk and the certainty of after-discomfort and suffering, to dispense with the precautions and observances which common sense and experience dictate as necessary to be observed for ten or twelve days after the birth of the child. Rest is absolutely necessary, and lying down, so as to put no stress on the relaxed and perhaps strained muscles cover- ing the bowels, and in the same manner to free the ligaments * Lancet, July, 1870. CAUTIONS TO BE OBSERVED. 353 which support the womb from its weight, and to help the blood-vessels of the uterus itself in their work of reduction, by diffusing the blood equally through the body, and effectu- ally checking a determination of blood thither: hence also the necessity of a bandage being worn. These reasons ought to be sufficient to show to any one that it is no doctor's whim or blind routine that orders rest and care for nearly a fort- night. It is only a wise discretion which nature imposes ; and these are rules which the doctor, in his care for present and future well-being, insists on: neglect them, and you will bitterly regret your self-willed perversity, or your having listened to the advice of meddlesome, self-opinionated visitors. The room, it cannot be too often repeated, must be kept well ventilated; all soiled linen must be taken out of it immediately; flowers, whether growing or cut, and arranged in a bouquet, are decidedly objectionable, as they often produce headache and faintness. Stillness must prevail in the room and in the house. Ladies will do well to remember that it is never an act of kindness to pay a visit to a lady who has been confined before she is able to get into another room out of her bed-room; and then their visits must be short: they must neither talk much, nor expect their friend to talk at all. No such visits, or to any sick persons, ought to be paid in rustling silks; the noise they make irritates the nerves of an invalid almost beyond measure. There must not be a draught across the bed, nor must it be kept too warm-just a moderate fire, if the weather is cold, to keep it at "Tem- perate" by a thermometer day and night. Always have a fire-guard when you have a fire, as a matter of safety, and that you may not feel, when your nurse is out of the room for a few minutes, a dread about sparks and cinders. For the first twelve hours, at all events, and much longer if it can be managed with comfort, the water ought to be passed in a lying-down position, by the use of "the ladies' slipper:" dip it into very hot water, and then dry it quickly before using, as nothing must be put-to cold. If the water cannot be passed, it may be owing to the pressure of the child's head, or to simple exhaustion. Two pilules of Opium will help the difficulty; or if it is the thought of the slipper 354 REST AFTER CONFINEMENT. that prevents, let an old sheet, well doubled, be placed under the patient, and a warm, good-sized, damp sponge placed up between her thighs; let her try to pass her water on to that: dry carefully with a soft towel after. If this fail, the matter should at once be mentioned to the medical attendant. A lady after her confinement ought not to be allowed to put her feet to the ground before the tenth day; nor even to sit up or half sit up in bed to wash herself or suckle her infant before the sixth day, and then for only a minute or two, that the womb and abdomen generally may have the requisite rest. Let her lie flat, as much as possible, on a mattress for the first six days, with not too thick a covering; a down quilt is one of the lightest, and at the same time warmest of coverings, and not very expensive. On the seventh she may be lifted, with a properly made "abdominal bandage," on to a couch, on which she can lie for two hours, the bed being thrown open the while; or if this cannot be managed, let her lie on the outside of the bed, with a loose dressing- gown on, and wrappers over her feet. The third day she may, for the day, be gently drawn to the cool side of the bed, and moved back again for the night; and in many cases allowed to lie outside the bed, but not dressed. Decidedly for the first five days she must lie flat, not sitting up or half lying up even, as a matter of pre- caution, and as having some respect for the maintenance of a tolerable figure afterwards. After the first nine days she may sit up a little, with the abdominal bandage on, for half- an-hour at a time; then lie down and rest; so that little by little she may gain strength every day. During the first fortnight it is absolutely necessary that she lie down a greater part of the day, specially to guard against bearing-down and after-falling of the womb. At the end of a fortnight she may change her room, being carried or wheeled into another; she may also, in a day or two, begin to walk a little as her strength increases. At the end of three weeks in summer, and four in winter, she may ride out in a carriage in the middle of the day, but not when the wind is north or north- east: at about the end of the month begin to go down- MEDICINAL TREATMENT AFTER LABOUR. 355 stairs, to walk out a little, and gradually resume her usual duties. The adoption of a well-fitting Elastic Spiral Belt, should there be much back-ache, bearing-down, and fulness of the abdomen, will be found a great support and assist- ance. In the majority of cases, the medicinal treatment, fortu- nately, is very simple indeed. As soon as the milk has come, with care little more will require attention. Neglect of rules, or any imprudence, will be sure to exact its penalty both on mother and child. If there is any heat of skin and restlessness, a dose or two of Aconite will subdue it; or any headache, fulness of the head, flashes, and giddiness, Belladonna. Nux Vomica, Opium, Bryonia, or Sulphur, will regulate the bowels; Nux Vomica, Pulsatilla, Carbo Vegetabilis, Chamomilla, indigestion or acidity. It is always necessary to see that the secretion of milk keeps up, or does not suddenly stop; and that, in the earlier days especially, the discharge or lochia does not undergo any unnatural alteration, or that it does not all at once cease to flow. No remedy is more Homoeopathic than Aconite to the febrile disturbance which, more or less severely, attends the appearance of the milk in the plethoric, even if there should be violent delirium. Chills and shiverings require attention; profuse perspira- tion, intolerable thirst, and spots that may appear on any part of the body. The cause must at once be discovered, and remedies administered. In the cases I have attended, I have never had an attack of convulsions, of inflammation, of child-bed or puerperal fever, or white leg, though I have treated many such to whom I have been called in. The non-interference which Homoeopathy specially indi- cates; the simplicity of the diet; the rapidity with which Aconite and Belladonna cut short what might develop into unfavourable and dangerous symptoms; and the plainness of the indications for each-the hot, dry skin and thirst for Aconite; the flushed face, headache, and giddiness for Bella- 356 MANAGEMENT OF THE INFANT. donna-greatly account for the immunity and safety of Homœopathic patients. The other medicines given previously, under Inflamma- tion of the Womb, apply just as forcibly after delivery as before (see p. 244). A rash sometimes shows itself on the third day, red, small, and abundant. Aconite, keeping the room cool, and giving cool drinks, will speedily subdue it. CHAPTER IV. THE MANAGEMENT OF THE INFANT. BRUISES; SUPPRESSION OF URINE; REGULATION OF THE BOWELS ; RE- GULARITY IN SUCKLING; STOMACH DERANGEMENTS ; RESTLESSNESS; MOTHER'S MARKS; INFLAMMATION OF THE EYES; RUPTURE; SUCK- LING AND HAND-FEEDING; WET-NURSE; BRINGING UP BY HAND; DIET; WEANING; GATHERED BREASTS AFTER. - SOME directions on this head have been previously given: it may be as well to append a few others. If the infant, from any cause, is bruised about the head or face, or buttocks, bathe with Arnica lotion, three drops to a wine-glassful of water, and give two globules of Arnica every three hours. Arnica will also very often enable the child to pass water, if, from a lingering labour, the bladder should have sustained much pressure. If that does not succeed, two globules of Opium every half-hour, or two of Cantharides- one dose. Hot, wet flannels to lower part of the bowels. In infants of either sex, a few days after birth, a swelling of the breasts often takes place; they must be neither rubbed nor squeezed. Two globules of Belladonna twice in the day, with a tepid compress over. There is not usually much trouble with the bowels; the first fæcal matter that passes is of a tarry consistence and appearance, and is called "Meconium." When the milk is MANAGEMENT OF THE INFANT. 357 early secreted, it acts almost at once in freely cleansing the bowels, as it is thinner at first, and of a slightly irritating nature. For constipation, give three globules of Nux Vomica at night, and three of Sulphur in the morning. The separated portion of the navel-cord usually comes away without any trouble: if any sore place is left, apply some Arnica Cerate on a piece of lint or linen. Give three globules of Chamomilla every three hours, and three of Silicea night and morning. If the baby is kept too warm, it gets restless, cross, and a red rash shows itself, called "red gown." Two globules of Aconite every two hours. The infant must, from its earliest life, be suckled at stated times, as it is a very bad habit to give it the bosom every time it cries, be it from over-feeding, griping, wind, or acidity. For the first month it must be suckled every hour and a-half; for the second month, every two hours; gradually lengthening the interval until it gets to every four hours. This plan will give the delicate organs some rest, and the mother some as well. It is surprising how soon a child learns regularity in this matter. The times we have men- tioned must be observed at night as well as in the day: it is a most objectionable practice to let an infant lie at the bosom all night; to do so spoils the child's rest as well as the mother's; gives her sore nipples, and the child sore mouth. For the little derangements of the baby, Antim. Crudum, three globules occasionally. For wind, when the baby looks blue round its mouth, and appears to smile in its sleep, three globules of Carbo Vegetabilis may be put on its tongue as it lies. If it is hot, restless, and feverish, give it Aco- nite, three globules, asleep or awake. For diarrhoea, bitty, and sour Rheum, three globules after every motion if it is very offensive, and passed with much wind, Chamomilla; or when in much pain, crying, and drawing its legs up, where Chamomilla is insufficient, give Colocynth, two globules every ten minutes. Mother's marks, whether moles or warts, or a dark-red or bright-red collection of vessels, are thoroughly susceptible of 358 MANAGEMENT OF THE INFANT. removal with patience, and giving the medicines at long intervals. Belladonna, Calcarea, Lycopodium, Hamamelis, Phos- phorus, Nitric Acid, Thuja, and Sulphur, have been tried at various times, with a solution of the medicine applied externally at the same time as it is given internally. The separation of the cord at the navel may be looked for on the fourth or fifth day, and usually occasions little, if any, trouble; sometimes, however, it is attended by some inflammation, and occasionally some bleeding. Calendula lotion must be used if there is any raw- ness and inflammation, with two globules of Silicea night and morning. Hamamelis lotion if there should be any bleeding, with three globules of the same every six hours. Starting of the Navel.-If this should occur, as it some- times does in the early months of an infant's life, some little trouble may arise from the difficulty of keeping a band and pad securely over it, as ordinary bands soon work up. Huxley's elastic band is almost the only one that meets all the requirements. Inflammation of the Eyelids (Ophthalmia neonatorum).— Infants are sometimes born with a violent and very trouble- some inflammation of the eyelids, which, if not cured, may end in complete blindness. It appears often to be caused from contact, in the birth, with leucorrhoeal discharge. Scrupulous cleanliness, gently bathing with tepid milk-and-water, with a very soft piece of old lawn handkerchief, burning all that gets soiled with matter. If the cause is a chill, give first Aconite, then globules, every two hours, followed by Chamomilla every two hours for a day each; then Argentum Nitricum; then globules night and morning for three mornings. Sanguinaria, internally and as a wash, is often of service; as is also Euphrasia. Hernia. The child may be born ruptured. Nux Vomica, two globules night and morning, followed by Sulphur, act speedily for its relief. Crying has different tones and meanings: it is the SUCKLING AND FEEDING OF THE INFANT. 359 infant's exercise, serving to expand and develop its chest; it is its sign of uneasiness, the way by which it makes its hunger known, the evidence of its petulance and temper, and the indication of its pain and suffering. Medicine can and will apply to this last when no strings are too tight, or pins pricking. If the child is in pain it carries the evidence of it in its face and wrinkled brow, and drawing up its legs, and in the piteous, appealing tone. The mother will soon learn to distinguish the significance and meaning of one cry as distinguished from another. A fit of crying often results. from some derangement of the milk, as from some error in diet on the part of the mother, from over-heating or fatigue, or from excitement. Suckling by the Mother, and Feeding.-It is a mother's bounden duty, from which none but the most paramount necessity can free her, to suckle her infant for the first seven months. Such should be its only and sufficient sustenance, for which its mother's milk is better adapted than any sub- stitute can be, during the period of the child's life in which it has to make the most rapid growth and progress. Milk supplies it with flesh-forming, fatty, and saccharine elements combined in one fluid; salts of potassium and iron, soda, calcium, and magnesium for the blood; phosphates of lime and magnesia for the formation of bone. 2000 Human milk is bluish-white, more transparent than cows' milk; both contain a large number of milk globules of oily matter, from oth tooth of an inch in diameter, which, on standing, coalesce and rise to the top in the form of cream. The milk at first, after the birth of an infant, differs in com- position and quality from that which is afterwards secreted; it contains more sugar and earthy salts, and coagulates on boiling; it usually relaxes the bowels of the new-born child, and helps to free them from the meconium, as the greenish, viscid, tarry matter first voided is termed. As the age of the infant increases, the proportion of sugar decreases; there is also a perceptible addition to the caseine or cheesy part of the milk. The milk is most nutritious and plentiful in young women from eighteen to twenty-two: the constitution and general health exercise considerable influence on its 2 B 360 SUCKLING AND FEEDING-WET-NURSE. character and quality at any age, as do the kind and quan- tity of food and beverage, warmth, rest, and exercise. Ease of mind and body favour a natural secretion; anxiety, grief, fright, passion, and jealousy, always exercise a detrimental influence, sometimes to a very large extent; violent exer- cise, such as dancing and over-heating, has proved no less injurious. As it requires a good constitution and good health to make good milk, it must be evident that all mothers are not able to bear the drain on the constitution which it necessarily entails, and that in some cases the milk is too poor to be sufficiently satisfying and nutritious; in others, deficient in quantity. The mother's milk may be supplemented, or that of another person may be altogether substituted; hand-feeding may be partially or entirely resorted to, or a wet-nurse be procured. In considering the advisability of a wet-nurse, it may be observed at the outset, that one is not by any means indis- pensable except in extreme cases. I attended a family of nine children: every one of whom was brought up by hand, without any extraordinary trouble or risk. All of them were healthy; three of them exceptionally fine for their age, though their mother was a delicate lady who had a family very fast, and their father a man of only average con- stitution. Were the case my own, unless the child were so far reduced in strength that breast-milk of the same age would give it a better chance of life than anything else, I should unhesitatingly prefer, taking everything into account, hand-feeding. Absolute necessity would outweigh all other objections; but where that did not exist (and I am con- vinced such cases would be few), the next question would be, Can room be found for a young woman in the household or nursery, who very possibly may be fit for very little else than just the suckling? Then her age and that of her baby, her health, family, history, character, and disposition, the quan- tity and quality of the milk, need all to be very carefully considered; all must bear the strictest investigation: her age must be between eighteen and twenty-four, and the age of her infant, as nearly as possible, the same as that of the FEEDING COMPOSITION OF MILK. 361 Water Sugar Butter one she has to nurse. With regard to a wet-nurse, nothing must be taken on trust; everything must be seen and inquired into. Where for any reason it is decided not to have a wet- nurse, or where the mother's milk is not sufficient, what is to be the substitute? Milk of one of three kinds, with some little addition and preparation, as the following analysis will show: Caseine Earthy Salts Woman. 889 43 26 39 2 Ass. 890 50 18 35 5 Goat. 844 36 56 55 6 Cow. 864 38 36 55 6 The milk of the ass most nearly resembles human milk, though it occasionally produces diarrhoea. The milk of the goat has a characteristic odour, and forms an extremely compact curd: asses' milk, on the contrary, is distinguished by the delicacy of its curd, and the great ease with which it is digested and assimilated. Cows' milk contains less water and sugar, but more butter, caseine, and earthy salts; it therefore needs the addition of water and sugar-of-milk-half an ounce coarsely crushed to seven and a-half ounces of boiling water when dissolved, add seven and a-half ounces of fresh cows' milk; and give, through a feeding-bottle, at the same interval, but not oftener than, if the mother's supply were ample, she would suckle it herself. The milk must always be freshly mixed as required. The infant must not be permitted to lie with the teat in its mouth after it has taken a sufficient quantity; to allow it to remain is always injurious, and has proved dangerous by the teat being drawn to the back part of the mouth, and causing suffocation. Teat- tube and bottle must be washed out immediately the baby has finished, and lie in clean cold water until wanted again. That shaped bottle is the best that can be most readily and effectually cleaned, like the "Mamma Feeding-bottle," for instance. The bottle, and all belonging to it, must always be perfectly sweet, or it is impossible for the milk to agree with the child. 1 2 B 2 362 BRINGING-UP BY HAND. The milk of one and the same healthy young milch cow, fed upon the natural diet of hay or grass, is the milk that must be used. Sometimes the child's stomach is too deli- cate to retain this milk, even when prepared as just di- rected: it will not only vomit it, but also a great quantity of curds, and sometimes hard cakes of curd. In such case, administer Antim. Crud., three globules 12th, directly after feeding, and allow the milk to stand in a basin for three hours before using it, in a cool place; take off the cream and the top of the milk; add an equal quantity of dissolved sugar-of-milk (an ounce to three-quarters of a pint of boiling water), or two tablespoonfuls of fresh whey, one tablespoon- ful of fresh cream, and three tablespoonfuls of fresh dissolved sugar-of-milk. Should these be rejected, to the cow's milk used put fifteen drops of the saccharated solution of lime to a breakfast-cupful, then add the sugar-of-milk and hot water, as required. At three or four months, according as the child thrives, a teaspoonful of my Infants' Food may be added to every quantity of milk mixed, gradually increasing the proportion. If this food does not agree, Savory and Moore's, or Liebig's, may be substituted for it. Babies, as a rule, always thrive on a food that suits them. Arrow- root, corn-flour, and everything else, under whatever name, purely starchy and farinaceous, are totally unfit for infants' food; they cannot, by any possibility, be digested by its stomach, and only yield a modicum of sugar; they neither make flesh, bone, muscle, or nerve substance, and scarcely suffice to keep up the ordinary waste of the body. A food that does not suit, if it is not soon vomited, is sure to pro- duce diarrhoea, under which an infant soon wastes, and rapidly loses strength. With unsuitable food, no matter what medicine is given, unless the food is altered, and given at due intervals, and right quantities, sufficient to satisfy without over-loading, you cannot expect to correct either vomiting or purging. Some children will do well on cows' milk and sugar-of- milk, and nothing else, for the first seven months of their life; others will want and pine without "Infants' Food" once or twice in the twenty-four hours, at three months, and CHILDREN'S DIET-WEANING. 363 even earlier. There is as much difference in the constitutions of babies as in those of older persons, making it impossible to lay down undeviating rules. Occasionally, at about four months, some infants do well with a tablespoonful of beef- tea to their milk in the course of the day; as they get older, twice or three times. At seven months, "Entire Flour" may be given, mixed with milk, for breakfast, and about four in the afternoon; then, gradually, bread-and-milk for break- fast. Entire flour, custard or sago, tapioca, semolina, made with milk, for dinner. Bread-and-milk about four, and entire flour for supper. Potatoes and gravy may, by degrees, be taken at dinner as well as pudding. Bread-and-milk, or entire flour, made like oatmeal porridge, and eaten with milk, should form the staple breakfast of children until they are fourteen years of age. Coffee, strong tea, and stimu- lants of all kinds, and at all times, are unnecessary and injurious. Weaning. When infants are brought up at the breast, they should not, as a rule, except under urgent circum- stances, be weaned before they are quite seven, or suckled after they are nine, months old. With most, it will be safe and advisable to begin weaning gradually, in the day, at seven months; with weakly children it may be deferred until the eighth month. If the milk does not go as quickly as could be desired, and the breast gets heavy, painful, and full, support it by the split bandage; have it well rubbed, every three hours, with warm olive oil; and take, alter- nately, three drops, 2nd dilution, of Bryonia and Pulsatilla, every three hours. Maw's breast-pump may be used once in six hours. If the baby has been weaned gradually, this dif- ficulty will scarcely be likely to occur. To suckle too long is unadvisable both for mother and child; the milk dete- riorates, and the mother's health begins to suffer; she has dimness of sight, giddiness, noises in the ears; feels drawn together, and as though the child drew the milk from the shoulder-blades: the remedy for which is speedy weaning, and China, three drops of 1st dilution, three times a day. The mouth and tongue are sometimes sore, through pro- longed suckling-Hydrastis, three drops of 2nd dilution, 364 OVER-SUCKLING-GATHERED BREASTS. three times a day, and a weak solution of strong tincture as a wash. Suckling, it requires sometimes to be remembered, does not prevent conception. Stout and other stimulants are not necessary for suckling mothers; they more or less affect the character of the milk, so as to make the baby cross. A breakfast-cupful of good Homœopathic cocoa for luncheon, and before going to bed, as well as for breakfast, if it can be taken, makes the richest and the most satisfying milk. Gathered Breasts are, unfortunately, not uncommon in the early days of suckling, and at the time of weaning. They are not difficult of cure, Homoeopathically: still, they are far better guarded against. The breasts being allowed to get too full, engorged, and lumpy, from not nursing the baby at regular intervals, and neglecting, as soon as any hardness appears, to have them well rubbed with olive oil and a soft hand. Too sudden weaning is sometimes productive of the same result. A draught of cold air, if the mother sits up to nurse her infant, or if she allows the bosom to be uncovered, may be another source of this mischief. A square of scarlet flannel, and a warm but light shawl, used each time will obviate it. The following medicines apply :- Aconite applies, to, and corrects, if taken as soon as any bad results are felt or feared, all the consequences of a chill; there is general feverishness, and some local inflammation. Three drops, 2nd dilution, every hour. Belladonna. The inflammation increases ; there is throbbing, severe pain, heat, enlargement, and violent head- ache. Three drops, 2nd dilution, every two hours, and tepid compresses, frequently changed, applied. Cover them with three thicknesses of flannel, supporting the bosom by a split-calico bandage: one end goes round the body, the other over the shoulder, and fastened behind. Mercurius Vivus.-Chilliness and shivering; the in- } GATHERED BREASTS. 365 flammation has but little abated; the hardness is increased, and the formation of an abscess is imminent. A grain, 6th trituration, alternately with Belladonna, every three hours; the breast to be gently rubbed with Arnica Cerate, then covered with cotton wadding. Arnica. The breast increases rapidly in size, and to a Hepar. great extent; matter is evidently forming. Two drops, 1st dilution, of Arnica, and two grains, 3rd trituration, of Hepar, alternately every two hours, with tepid compresses. Silicea. After the abscess has emptied itself, to promote the reparative and healing process. Two grains, 30th dilution, every four hours. When the abscess is deep-seated and extensive, it will be advisable, as soon as it has broken, to facilitate a free exit of the matter, to apply strips of soap-plaister, changing them when they get soiled. Care must be taken to support the strength; than which, no medicine has stood me in better stead than Hydrastis, three drops of 1st dilution every four hours, with the administration of frequent nourishment-cocoa, beef-tea, eggs beaten up in milk, a cupful of "Entire Flour" now and then, with, in some cases, stout and port wine. 366 PART IV. COMPLAINTS INCIDENT TO CHILDREN. CHAPTER I. INTRODUCTORY. FAMILY ADMINISTRATION OF HOMEOPATHIC MEDICINES; ROOM FOR, AND ADVANTAGES OF; RAPIDITY OF ACTION; SPECIFIC NATURE OF; DISEASES OFTEN TO TO BE WARDED OFF BY PROPER MANAGEMENT ; RULES FOR DIET, BATHS, DRESS, AND FRESH AIR. CHILDREN'S complaints have, in some measure, so far as relates to those of infants, been already considered. We pro- ceed to notice certain other affections and diseases occurring, with more or less frequency, in every family. The family administration of Homœopathic remedies, already very considerable, would be much larger if mothers gave a little more attention to the subject, so as to be prepared, in time of need, to do the right thing at the right time, and in the best way. Very few mothers and nurses are so in love with magnesia, rhubarb, senna, castor-oil, jalap, calomel, and grey powder, as to object to use substitutes when offered them free from unpleasant odour, agreeable to take, more promptly and lastingly efficacious, and always at hand, that can be given whether the child is asleep or awake, without disturbing it. All these advantages characterise Homœopathic medicines. Their superiority is incontestible over all soothing syrups, carminatives, and composing powders, however recommended, whatever their denomination, and however sweetened and disguised. Opium, or its equivalents, and many deleterious HOMEOPATHY IN CHILDREN'S DISEASES. 367 substances in large quantities, enter into their composition; so that, under the delusion of a perfectly safe and harmless compound, the mother gives her child that which, however agreeable for the moment the effect produced, unquestion- ably weakens and otherwise injures its constitution. No better medicine can be taken for a commencement than Aconite, in 3rd tincture, or pilule. The circulation of chil- dren is soon deranged; they quickly get feverish, thirsty, and restless-a condition which may speedily run on to delirium or inflammation. A dose of Aconite, three drops to a wine-glassful of water-a teaspoonful every hour or half- hour or a pilule, crushed and gently put between the lips, will usually quiet the pulse, allay the restlessness, and sensibly moisten the skin; cause a speedy modification of all the symptoms, or at least lessen the severity and course of any after-affection. Change It is impossible for families who have adopted Homœo- pathy adequately to estimate their indebtedness to it for the many illnesses they have escaped, and the mildness and short duration of others. There has been no reason to procrasti- nate, and no excuse for it. The indications for some of the most common remedies (notably Aconite) are so plain, that it is almost impossible to make a mistake. Children have no irrepressible repugnance to Homoeopathic medicines; there is no scolding, seldom even coaxing required to get children to take them; on the contrary, they often ask for them of their own accord. How comes it that Homœopathic remedies are so speedily and largely efficient? Their properties and action having been determined by long and careful experiment, they can be readily selected for specific work. Light is not more nicely adjusted to the eye, nor sound to the ear, than Aconite to the circulation, Belladonna to the brain and congestion gene- rally, Phosphorus to the lungs, and Pulsatilla to mucous membranes and the venous and reproductive systems. - The rapidity and activity of the nervous system and cir- culation in children favours their action; whilst they have, in patients of this age, no obstacles of a mental and moral nature to contend against, as anxiety, and the like. Their 368 ACTION OF HOMEOPATHIC MEDICINES. action is purely remedial, and in no way revulsive, irritative, or weakening. The condition of illness gives way to a state of health; the period of convalescence, often so tedious and trying after Allopathic dosing, becomes a term merely-it has scarcely an existence. There is no interference from irritating or debilitating measures, as blisters, leeches, or purging. The medicines have a fair field, and the powers of the child's constitution uninterrupted sway. Yet children die under Homoeopathic treatment-un- questionably. Still it is not uncharitable, nor is it asserting more than can be amply borne out, that the children of families who fully adopt Homoeopathy, have, on fairly com- paring them with others, fewer deaths. Take scarlet fever, a disease much dreaded, and, during the last year or two, excessively fatal. Homoeopathy, whilst it enjoins every pre- caution against its spread, gives Belladonna, a preventive against the infection, as well as for its treatment of the fever. Speaking from a fair experience in this and other children's affections, I maintain that a death from scarlet fever is quite the exception. We are very surprised if our patients do not recover, and also if they have the fever at all severely. Diarrhoea, in summer and winter, not infrequently carries off those attacked by it, especially infants, as the registrar-general's weekly returns show. We should think it a matter for great astonishment to lose a child from diarrhoea. - Inflammation of the lungs, from the early use of Aconite in Homœopathic families, is not very often met with; and, usually, is soon subdued. In the face of all this, we now and then meet with mothers who keep Homoeopathic medicines, who use them, and, up to a certain extent, have confidence in them, but who allow a little thing to induce them to seek the services of an Allopathic doctor, even when a Homoeopath is within convenient reach, causing their little ones much unnecessary suffering, pro- longing the duration of their illness, and lessening the chances of their recovery. Where Homoeopathic professional advice is not to be readily obtained, it is better to carry on a MANAGEMENT OF CHILDREN—DIET. 369 case by correspondence, stating fully, but succinctly, the origin, progress, and symptoms of the affection. For the sake of her children, and her own comfort, we recommend every mother to employ Homœopathy. Let all who have recourse to it be as ready and determined in the management of their families, and not, by indulgence or carelessness, weaken the constitutions of their children, and render them the subjects of illness. A child's health is very largely in its mother's keeping. The amount of pre- ventible illness is something astounding. Management is very simple, and regulated, not by caprice, but common sense. A child to thrive must be supplied with elements of growth, and placed in circumstances favourable to it; and every organ of its body must have a fair chance for its exercise. It must have fresh air and sunshine, and abundance of them; a sufficiency, but not too much, of plain nutritious food, adapted to its age, and at proper intervals: its dress must be worn more for protection than ornament; it must never cramp or con- fine the freedom of its limbs, or the action of its internal organs. Children are as dependent as plants on sunshine and fresh air. This should be borne in mind in the choice of living-rooms and nurseries: they should have a cheerful, sunny aspect; damp, gloom, and darkness are determined foes to children. They must also have plenty of recreation, without which their limbs and frame generally cannot de- velop, and they will inevitably be pale, languid, and dispirited-a ready prey for any illness which happens to be lurking about. Until they are seven years of age, children should almost live out of doors. Their diet requires constant supervision; they cannot live on trash, nor can they subsist on the same food as adults. All stimulants, whether wine or malt-liquor, except in very rare and exceptional cases, are as unnecessary as they are injuri- ous, the system being sufficiently stimulated without any artificial supply: the carbonised blood which stimulants produce is an absolute poison, producing, if nothing worse, headache, and fretfulness, and irritability. Tea and coffee, 370 CHILDREN'S DIET. from their direct influence on the nervous system, are nearly equally bad. Sweets spoil children's appetite, and derange their stomachs, as do rich cakes and pastry, even at meals, but especially when allowed to be taken between. Food is needed to supply the waste which is constantly going on, to form a storehouse of the materials of growth, and to aid in maintaining the heat of the body. It can do all this, and yet be sufficiently varied and appetising. We give below details of various aliments best adapted for the purposes to which we have referred. For breakfast, oatmeal porridge, with syrup and milk, or whole-flour porridge, with salt and milk-both made thick, after the Scotch fashion; bread-and-milk, milk-and-water, with bread and butter, or whole-meal biscuits; sometimes a lightly-boiled egg as a treat. For dinner, from a year and a-half to two years, up to three, mashed potatoes and good gravy, with farinaceous puddings, such as Rice, Sago, Tapioca, Semolina, Macaroni, Vermicelli, made with milk; and plain custards, eaten with jam or boiled ripe fruit. Most fruits, when perfectly ripe, may be taken in moderation by most children; raw apples and pears are not very digestible. After three years, meat may be gradually adopted for dinner: roast is preferable to boiled, as superior in flavour and more nourishing—and the choice should lie between mutton and beef, with fish and fowl now and then ; neither veal nor pork should be touched, as the first is immature and unnourishing: the second posi- tively unwholesome, and unfit for human food, from the garbage on which it has fed; or if ever so carefully tended, still disqualified by taints of constitution much better not transmitted to human recipients. Pork can never make healthy blood, and children cannot afford to have theirs con- taminated. 1 For tea, the same as at breakfast, only rather less in quan- tity. If children make a good tea, they will scarcely need anything more before going to bed: if they do, a little milk, or milk-and-water, with a plain biscuit. A word or two as to the apparent capriciousness of chil- dren's appetites. Some can scarcely eat fat; others prefer it. MANAGEMENT OF CHILDREN-REST. 371 There is often in this a distinct indication of what is best for them; it is not always mere whim and fancy. Delicate children may need a teacupful of beef-tea, or Liebig's extract, with dry toast, in the middle of the morn- ing. With a diet consisting largely of milk and flour, con- taining the whole of its nutriment, and robbed of none of its phosphates, every child has supplied to it, if it can only take sufficient, heat-producing, tissue-forming, and bone-making pabulum, as much as it requires. If it take plenty of exer- cise and recreation, and have its meals at regular intervals, it will seldom fail in appetite; and, if it is not pampered by delicacies, will be in little danger of taking too much. Let the brain of a child rest from any systematic train- ing, or attempt at set-teaching, until seven years of age; then begin very cautiously. Precocious children need always to be kept back, and encouraged to romp and play. Usually they will be sure to learn enough. Young children require a great deal of rest and sleep. In sleep, the brain, as well as the body and limbs, repose. It is necessary to health that a child should be a good sleeper. Encourage them to rest and sleep in the middle of the day, until sleep at this time interferes with the night's repose. In very hot weather, all children are better for lying down about mid-day. G Children should be well and carefully bathed all over, for the first three years of their life, night and morning; and after that age, every morning. In the morning, a thorough but rapid washing, as soon as they are out of bed. The best way of drying them, and getting a reaction, is to wrap them in a dry calico sheet, give them a vigorous rubbing, especially over the chest, down the spine and limbs, and then dress them. At night, an immersion up to the neck in a tepid bath, taking them out at once, and drying them in the sheet as in the morning, putting on their bed-gowns, and then washing their hands and face. Over their bed-gowns, as they are apt to kick off the bed-clothes, a long, loose flannel robe should be worn, coming up to the neck, and long enough to wrap the toes in comfortably. In very warm 372 MANAGEMENT OF CHILDREN-DRESS. weather, in the height of summer, the flannel may be dis- pensed with. The day dress should be a sufficient and sensible protection against the weather. Flannel should be worn next the skin, thick in winter and thin in summer; it guards against chills from draughts, and renders the child less sensitive to changes of temperature, and absorbs the perspiration. A child's legs and arms, as well as its chest, require protection, or some mischief from a congested state of the internal organs, lungs, windpipe, bowels, liver, or brain, consequent on the exposure, must sooner or later ensue-with delicate, susceptible chil- dren, pretty often: short petticoats, socks, and dresses and pinafores without long sleeves, are inadmissible. M Young children often take cold in perambulators, es- pecially if they fall asleep when they are carried, the nurse imparts some of the heat of her body to them, and neces- sarily takes more notice of them when in her arms than when pushed before her in a carriage. When it is con- venient to procure one, a donkey for the children to ride on, and then, when they are old enough, a pony, is a great acquisi- tion and source of health and amusement. At a very early age they are strong enough to ride in panniers or in a stuffed seat, before they are promoted to the pad and saddle. When it can possibly be so arranged, all children should sleep alone, even babies in a berceaunette beside their mother, the older ones in iron cribs and bedsteads. It is largely conducive to health if a night and day nursery can be secured; if not, let the children be out of the nursery as much as possible, and take every opportunity of opening the windows and door, to let in a fresh supply of oxygen. At night, if there are two nurseries, the door between the two must be left open, so that the nurse can hear the least movement of the children, and that there may be a constant current of fresh air. If there is only one nursery, let the beds be so placed as that the door can be left a little way open without exposure to draught. As much fresh air as possible must be admitted into the house generally. No children can be expected to be well without the mother's constant supervision and care. Their baths would CHILDREN'S DEFORMITIES. 373 be always best given by her; and she should, at all events, make her children her first care in the morning, and her last at night. Children are never better attended to than when the mother is sole, or, at all events, head nurse. CHAPTER II. ON CERTAIN DEFORMITIES IN CHILDREN. CLUB-FOOT; KNOCK-KNEE; BOWED KNEES; LEFT-HANDEDNESS; TWITCH- INGS AND GRIMACES. It is not my intention to even mention all the deformities to which children are liable, only some that are remediable. The subject of deformities, at the present time, is so well understood where surgical operation is necessary, it can be performed so well, so quickly, and without the least pain- that no parent should allow a child to grow up deformed without reliable professional opinion as to the impracticability of its rectification Club-foot is one of the deformities of which we often see specimens, chiefly where the foot or feet are turned in and turned upwards, the patient walking on the side of the foot; and where the toes are raised, the patient walking on his heels; where the large tendon at the back of the leg is con- tracted, and the patient limps on his toes. Various causes produce these variations. Sometimes a child is so born, through accident or violence happening to the mother, or from a shock, producing intra-uterine spasm. After birth, gradual contraction or wasting of muscles, through inflammation or rheumatism; irritation of some nervous centre, as in teething or water on the brain; from debility, as after fever; from exposure to cold or other hard- ships; from local paralysis. Strict attention to the general health, continuous, well- directed medical rubbing and movements, moderate ex- 374 CHILDREN'S DEFORMITIES. tension and galvanism, all deserve a trial; and in some cases pressure from pads, splints, and other contrivances. Very great care needs to be exercised in the employment of instruments; they must be done without altogether, if possible; they must not be tried too long unless they are really correcting the evil; they must never be the sole means employed, or they will only serve to confirm what they were intended to put right. Professional advice and supervision are absolutely necessary. Attention to the general health is of paramount importance. Knock-knee is the result of too rapid growth, or an accompaniment of rickets, to which if it owe its origin there will be evidence elsewhere. Treatment of the bodily con- dition will include that of the local deviation. Children must be carefully watched in their growth, that any such tendency as this, or splay feet, may be counteracted by a course of medicine, medical rubbing, and movements. Bowed Legs arise from allowing children to stand and walk too soon, before the bones are at all consolidated. Children should not be tempted to make too early a trial. of their strength. They may be encouraged to roll and tumble about on the floor, or to lie on a hearth-rug away from the fire as much as possible. When the child does run alone, it is needful to see that it does not over-fatigue itself: the power of walking depends on the strength of the bones and the muscles; and it is well not to tax them too much, lest, by so doing, some deformity or permanent weakness result. The heavy, fat child and the delicate one both need equal care. Children should never be jerked up by the head or arms, or swung about by them, as dislocation is very apt to take place from such procedure. Left-handedness is the product of careless, indulgent training. No child, if it is duly watched at an early age, will ever be left-handed; it may gradually become so if not at once and repeatedly checked. Many children prefer to use the left hand rather than the right: this must never be allowed; they must be made to take things with the right; to use the spoon and the knife, when old enough, in the right hand, and also to shake hands in that fashion only. HABITS OF CHILDREN. 375 They must not be suffered to creep on one leg, dragging the other along; when they creep, it must be on all-fours. They must also be taught to use all their limbs and joints equally and constantly. All ludicrous, ungainly habits-as twitchings, frowning, grimaces, putting the tongue out, or holding the head on one side, must be firmly rebuked from the very beginning, or they will continue and increase. It Sucking the thumb or finger is sometimes taught a child by the nurse putting it into the mouth to keep it quiet. is injurious to infants, as they suck-in a good deal of wind: in older children, it produces a tapering, and sometimes con- siderable soreness of the part so employed. It is quite pos- sible, by determination, to break any child of it. Be very careful as to the moral influence exerted by the nursemaid or attendant on the child, who will not only copy some of her manners, intonation, and mode of speech, but take very much the tone of its moral conduct from her. Nurses tamper in many ways with children, making them, at a very early age, not only vain, but adepts in the art of deceiving, both by word and deed. Nightly terrors, by which children may be continually haunted, are frequently produced by the frightful tales, pur- posely or thoughtlessly, told to amuse or keep them quiet. See that the nurse neither allows or teaches your children pernicious practices. I have met with instances in which this has been done at a very early age, to the great detri- ment of the purity and health of the child. The oversight which a mother exercises over her children, can never, consistently with other duties, be too constant and assiduous: it should occupy a paramount place, whether they are in-doors or out, in the nursery, out walk- ing, or at play. 2 C 376 CHAPTER III. DISEASES OF RESPIRATION. WE take these first, amongst the diseases of children, as being the most common, many of them of serious import, and usually attended by great fatality. The first that pre- sents itself is-- Coryza, Catarrh, or Cold in the Head, may attack a child at a very early period. Infants at the breast are liable to it, through exposure to draughts and colds, so that the nose is completely stopped up; interfering greatly with their suckling, almost rendering it impossible; considerably irri- tating the baby, and causing it, when at the breast or asleep, to make a peculiar noise, whence this affection gets the appropriate name of "The Snuffles." With a little medi- cine, and extra attention as to draughts and immediate change of wet napkins, it may pass off in a day or two: it may be obstinate in scrofulous subjects-extremely so, where any syphilitic taint exists; it is the source of great discom- fort to the child, especially where the discharge dries in crusts round the nose. Unless the milk is drawn from the breast, and the infant fed with a spoon, it is exposed to the risk of starvation. Cold cream, spermaceti cerate, or glycerine, must be used to prevent encrustation. A diphtheritic variety is sometimes met with, where the affection extends to the throat, and false membrane forms, both in it and in the nose. Coryza is a precursor of hooping-cough and measles. Catarrh, of a malignant nature, now and then accompanies diphtheria and scarlet fever, when the discharge is not only fetid, but of so corrosive a nature as to furrow a channel for itself in the cheeks. In any prolonged cases, the nostrils can be gently syringed with a tepid solution of Mason's Carbolic Acid CORYZA-COLD IN THE HEAD. 377 The remedies are- Sambucus.*-Suitable to weakly, nervous children, that perspire readily; very sensitive to currents of air, and liable to stoppage of the nose, from an accumulation of thick, tenacious mucus. Aconite.*-During the period of obstruction, if there is heat of the skin, feverishness, and restlessness. Ipecacuanha.*-When the obstruction is not removed by the Aconite, and does not disappear with the feverishness, especially if there be constant cough and crowing, rattling also in the chest, alternation of redness and paleness; bloated, bluish countenance; green diarrhœa. Chamomilla.*-Obstruction, with a constant thin, acrid discharge; the nose is sore; cheeks red and hot, or only one cheek may be so; the child wants always to be carried about; green, watery diarrhoea. Pulsatilla.*—Dry coryza, with ulcerated nostrils; thick, yellow, opaque mucus, or green and fetid; pale face; sneez- ing in the evening, when asleep; green, slimy diarrhoea, or like stirred eggs. - Dulcamara.*-The coryza returns every time the child is exposed to cold air, or at every cold change in the weather; the nose may appear dry, or there may be a considerable dis- charge. Calcarea.* Profuse discharge from the nose, with con- tinued and unrelieved obstruction. Gelseminum.-Coldness; chilliness; soreness of the muscles; inflammation of the eyes, and discharge of thin watery mucus. One drop, 3rd dilution, every two or three hours. Kali Bich. The discharge is tough and stringy; some- times it seems to extend to the throat and cause choking. Three globules of 6th, or one pilule, every four hours. Nux Vomica.-Copious discharge from both nostrils, Three globules of the 6th for an infant, or a pilule for a child, every three hours. 2c2 378 DISEASES OF CHILDREN-INFLUENZA. though both are obstructed; it may be acrid, or fluent only in the day-time, and dry at night; constipation. A dose every three hours. Mercurius Vivus.-Violent dry coryza, with stoppage of the nose; or profuse and fluent, with watery, corrosive mucus, smelling like old cheese. Three globules of the 30th, or one pilule, every six hours. Aurum.-Chronic obstruction of the nose; puriform, ichorous, fetid discharge; fetid breath; suffocative fits. Dose as for Mercurius. Phytolacca.-Discharge of mucus from one nostril; sometimes one, then the other—more generally the right; it is tenacious, and detached with difficulty. Dose as for Kali. Sulphur. Burning, fluent coryza; obstruction of both nostrils, with frequent sneezing; the mucus comes from the back of the nose into the mouth; or chronic obstruction, with but little discharge. Dose as for Mercurius. Influenza, or epidemic catarrh, prevails amongst children as well as adults; but is attended by more febrile disturb- ance, difficulty of breathing, and nervous symptoms; some- times proving fatal in two days, the little patients dying of collapse. Aconite. The skin has a pungent heat, and is quite dry; the patient restless, thirsty, and flushed; pulse very quick. Half a drop, 3rd dilution, every hour-discontinued as soon as the least moisture of skin makes its appearance. Gelseminum.-Acute catarrh of the nasal and bronchial passages, in its early stage; coldness; chilliness; debility; soreness of the muscles, and discharge of thin watery mucus; fever comes on in the evening; flushed, crimson face; rest- DISEASES OF CHILDREN-HOOPING-COUGH. 379 less sleep; nervous irritation; head heavy, hot, and evi- dently in pain; wakeful debility or stupor; sometimes irregular, convulsive jerkings of the limbs; breathing hur- ried, and seemingly painful, or slow and laboured. Half a drop, 3rd dilution, every half-hour, when the fever is on. Veratrum Viride.-Chilliness, with nausea; coldness of the whole body, especially the hands, face, and feet; pale skin; flabby limbs; laboured breathing; quick, weak pulse; moaning; rolling the head from side to side; putting the hands to the back of the ears. Half a drop of 3rd every hour or two hours. Arsenicum. For the debility left after an attack, when it is marked and continues, and attended by chilliness and thirst, or for any sudden sinking and prostration. Three globules of 12th every six hours, or every hour. Hydrastis. Lassitude; physical prostration; faintish, weak feeling; palpitation; loss of appetite. Half a drop, 3rd dilution, three times a day. The child's strength must be kept up by frequent adminis- tration of small quantities of beef-tea, Liebig's extract, broth, jellies, and a teaspoonful, occasionally, of port wine, and it must be kept in one temperature. Hooping-Cough (pertussis) commences with catarrh, or at least watering of the eyes and nose, and sometimes with bronchitis. It begins with a common cold, and ends as such, being attended in its course by a nervous cough, in paroxysms or convulsive fits, with a peculiar catching, crowing sound. The child is usually very quiet just before a fit of coughing, and endeavours to suppress it, until it comes on in spite of his efforts, often nearly suffocating him, making him purple in the face, and frequently causing the blood to flow from the nose and mouth. The attack usually terminates by vomiting of mucus and food, should there be any on the stomach. Hooping-cough is, emphatically, a disease of children, 380 DISEASES OF CHILDREN-HOOPING-COUGH. though not confined to them. I have known a mother take it from her infant, and an old man of eighty suffer from it. It is common in children under three, and rare after the age of ten. It is both epidemic and contagious, a child being able to impart it to others as long as it coughs at all, though only once in the twenty-four hours. An epidemic of hooping-cough may prevail at the same time as one of measles in spring or autumn, though it may occur at any time of the year. The average length of any attack in a child has been computed at two months; so anything less than this may be fairly considered as a shortening of its natural duration. It is quite possible to achieve this by Homœopathy, and, at the same time, considerably modify the severity of the symptoms. Hooping-cough is very wearing when its fits are frequent and prolonged-very weakening when the attendant vomiting is excessive; still more so when accompanied by diarrhoea, and often fatal from inflammation of the lungs and bron- chitis. In very young children the attacks sometimes produce convulsions; the congestion consequent on which may cause death, as may prolonged spasm of the windpipe. Symptoms of rapid consumption of the lungs, in children predisposed to it, I have known now and then prove fatal. All sorts of nostrums, from balsams and drops to fried mice, are diligently recommended as unfailingly curative. Allopathy, when conscientious, knows of no specific, nor any means of cutting short the disease. I have seen such results follow Homœopathic remedies in hooping-cough, that I should not mind resting the claims of our system on its success in this disease. Treat the premonitory catarrh as directed for coryza. When the cough becomes paroxysmal, attended by the charac- teristic hoop, give- Corallia. For short barking cough; constant, with fre- quent hoops; violent paroxysms now and then, especially towards evening. Give this medicine also if the cough returns after apparently leaving the patient. Three globules of 30th, four times a day, or after every fit of coughing. · · DISEASES OF CHILDREN—HOOPING-COUGH. 381 Drosera.—The cough comes on in such fits as to threaten suffocation; there is often bleeding at the nose and mouth. A drop of 3rd dilution immediately after every attack. Ipecacuanha. During the spasmodic stage; blue face, rattling breathing, danger of suffocation, and convulsions; the fits are frequent; the cough almost uninterrupted; the child is in a great hurry to cough; closes its mouth with its hands, lest it should inspire too much air; the fits end in vomiting of mucus, and often food; sometimes bleeding at the nose, or diarrhoea. Half a drop, 3rd dilution, every two hours. Chelidonium.—Violent and slightly spasmodic cough; dry skin; feverish pulse; restlessness; white tongue; op- pressed breathing; drowsiness. Half a drop, 3rd dilution, every half-hour. Acid, Hydrocyanic.-Affection of the lungs, accompa- nied by great prostration; continued oppression at the chest; violent congestion of the head and face. Also appli- cable to the inflammatory stage, after Aconite, with fever, flushed face, glistening eyes, irritated pulse, vomiting, anxiety, and palpitation. Half a drop, 30th dilution, every hour. Belladonna.-The fits are much worse at night; some- times appear only then; great congestion to the head, eyes, face, and chest; the eyes may be thoroughly bloodshot, through the violence of the cough. Half a drop, 3rd dilution, every hour, or every three hours. Arnica. The cough comes on every time the child cries; it is attended by vomiting, and an expectoration of bright- red blood. Half a drop, 3rd dilution, every two or three hours. Dulcamara.-The child is made worse by any change of weather, as from warm to cold, or from the least exposure to cold damp air. Half a drop, 3rd dilution, every two or three hours. 382 CHILDREN'S DISEASES-PNEUMONIA-BRONCHITIS. Ferrum. Vomiting of all the food on the stomach at every fit of coughing. Half a drop, 3rd dilution, after every meal, or after every such attack of vomiting. Kali Bich.-Choking cough, following by tough, stringy mucus, which sticks to the throat, mouth, and lips. Half a drop, 6th dilution, after every fit. Mercurius. The child perspires very much at night, and bleeds at the mouth and nose with every attack, either by day only, or by night only. The paroxysms come on in pairs, separated by a distinct interval. Three globules of 6th at bed-time, and immediately after every fit of coughing. Pulsatilla. For symptoms of cold in the head; loose cough, with vomiting of mucus; often diarrhœa; worse at night. Half a drop, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Sulphur must be administered whenever relapses occur, or for dry, suppressed, choking cough. Three globules of 30th, night and morning. Causticum. For a dry cough remaining after the other symptoms have disappeared. Three globules of 30th, three times a day. Except the weather is very mild indeed, and the wind in a warm quarter-not east, north, north-east, or south-east- children must be kept in, and studiously out of all draughts: they should be exposed to as few variations of temperature as possible. The food must be very light and nutritious, and taken in small quantities, and often. When there is any irritability of the stomach, spinal washing and friction are of great service. Pneumonia, Inflammation of the Lungs, and Bron- chitis.-Inflammation of the lining membrane of the air- passages is one of the commonest affections to which chil- } DISEASES OF CHILDREN-BRONCHITIS. 383 dren, especially when very young, are exposed. It begins with the symptoms of a common cold, affecting first the nose and throat; then, if not checked, travelling downwards. to the air-tubes, or bronchi, and then, through them, extend- ing to the substance of the lungs. What is, therefore, termed broncho-pneumonia is most commonly met with in children, just as pleuro-pneumonia more usually presents itself in adults, when the pleura, or covering of the lung, is in- volved as well as the lung. The way in which inflammation of the lungs ordinarily begins in children, shows the paramount necessity of never, If it especially in an infant, neglecting a cold in the head. is at all feverish give it Aconite at once, especially if there be quick breathing, and a tight, dry cough. The child cries when it is put to the breast, or attempts to swallow; the breathing becomes wheezing and rattling, and is evidently oppressed and very tight; the countenance assumes an ex- pression of languor. The child, through increasing weakness, is in danger of the mucus becoming too viscid for it to raise it; or the inflammation may fasten with increased violence on the smaller ramifications of the bronchi, constituting capillary bronchitis. In either case, the child, unless relieved, speedily dies of suffocation. - Lamentable results have not infrequently arisen, under Allopathic treatment, from bronchitis being mistaken for pneumonia ;-what are termed active, depletory, and anti- phlogistic remedies having been resorted to, when just the opposite were demanded. The indications for Aconite, Ipecacuanha, Pulsatilla, Hepar, Arsenicum, Chelidonium, Veratrum Viride, Phos- phorus, and Lycopodium, being fortunately, under our system, so very plain, no such mistake, nor, ordinarily, a fatal termination, need be feared. Sometimes pneumonia, or inflammation of the lungs, comes on as a primary disease: then it is not preceded by a cold in the head; the cough does not come on in fits, but is short and frequent; there is very little wheezing and rattling at the chest. There is often a patch of red on the cheek; the child prefers, and evidently lies most comfortably on the 384 BRONCHITIS-INFLAMMATION OF THE LUNGS. affected side. Up to six years of age children usually swallow the mucus raised, so that little evidence can be gathered from it. In adults it is a dusky red. Aconite. The child is hot, feverish, and thirsty; has often a flushed face, and cries when it coughs; breathes quickly. Three globules of 6th, or half a drop of 3rd dilution, according to age, every half-hour, until relieved. Chelidonium.-The child is fretful and restless; its head is hot, and apparently aches; there is cough; hurried breath- ing; sometimes vomiting; constipation; white tongue; loss of appetite. Three globules of 6th, or half a drop of 3rd dilution, every hour. Veratrum Viride.-Drowsiness; the cough frequently hurting the child, so that it cries; the skin harsh and dry; the body hot, and legs and feet cold; the face pale, heavy, and anxious ; a blueness round the mouth; pulse very quick. Three globules of 6th, or half a drop of 3rd dilution, every half-hour. Lycopodium.-Stuffing and obstruction of the nose, or it runs a good deal; loose cough and hoarseness, or dry cough night and day; hurried breathing; considerable oppression at the chest; fan-like movement of the wings of the nose; they contract and expand alternately; ordinarily the nostrils. are said to work a good deal. Three globules, or half a drop of 6th dilution, every hour. Ipecacuanha.-Great accumulation at the chest; much wheezing; a strangling, suffocating cough. Three globules, or half a drop of 3rd dilution, every hour. Belladonna.-Face very red; eyes bloodshot; the child moans with every breath it takes; the skin feels very hot; wheezing; hoarse cough. Three globules, or half a drop of 3rd dilution, every two hours. Phosphorus.-Very violent, exhausting cough, which the 11 BRONCHITIS-INFLAMMATION OF THE LUNGS. 385 patient dreads, and keeps off as long as possible; the fever is often very high, and the pulse rapid-altogether worse to- wards evening and through the night; the cough may be dry or loose; the breathing is panting; hoarseness towards even- ing. Three globules, or half a drop of 3rd dilution, every hour or two hours. Gay Antim. Tart.-Much thirst; desire to drink little and often; a very large quantity of phlegm in the smaller bronchial tubes, apparently so loose that when the child coughs it appears as though some must be brought up; the cough, however, merely disturbs the mucus; none is raised, and the difficulty and oppression are as great as ever. Three globules, or half a drop of 3rd dilution, every half-hour. Hepar.-Short, hoarse, wheezing breathing, with danger of suffocation; the head is bent backwards; a croupy-sound- ing cough in frequent fits; the child cries after them. Three globules, or half a drop of 3rd dilution, every hour. Bryonia. The child cannot bear to be moved; the least movement greatly increases its sufferings; dry, parched, or cracked lips; mouth dry; constipation; fæces hard and dry, as if burnt. Three globules, or half a drop of 3rd dilution, every hour. Arsenicum.-Great prostration; the countenance is livid; clammy perspiration; the extremities cold and leaden- coloured; restless; low moaning. Three globules, or half a drop of 6th dilution, every half-hour, with warmth to the feet and legs. Pulsatilla. Very loose cough; some fever; no thirst; more cough, and difficulty of breathing towards evening, and whenever the child is laid on its side; mucous diarrhoea. Three globules, or half a drop of 3rd dilution, every hour. P Calcarea. For stout, lymphatic children, with slow development of bone: considerable quantity of mucus; the chest does not get free of it; whenever the child sleeps, the 386 INFLAMMATION OF THE LUNGS-CROUP. head perspires a good deal, so that the pillow is quite wet with it. Three globules, or half a drop of 6th dilution, every two hours. A tepid packing of the chest, back and front, when it can be borne, is a considerable relief. The child should be kept in one atmosphere night and day, and the room at a temperate heat, about 65°. When children are old enough to desire cold water, let them have it whenever they are thirsty. Croup. By this we do not mean a hoarse or croupy cough, but sudden attacks of spasmodic breathing, coming on usually early in the night, which wakes the child, and is followed by a peculiar brassy, grating cough, and breathing with a rough, sawing sound, and altered voice. Many families, and certain members of families, have a strange predisposition to this malady whenever they take the least cold. Common from the first to the seventh year; very rare after ten; more prevalent in boys than girls. Any chill will cause it: a prevalence of cold damp weather; a change in the direction of the wind; a cold day following a hot one; a damp floor; getting suddenly cool when hot; a ride in a cold wind; an alteration in the dress, may all suffice to account for an attack, which is preceded by feverishness, more or less, and generally some cough. If any heat of skin and restlessness is observed, a dose of Aconite should be given immediately, and repeated in half- an-hour if necessary. Should the spasmodic breathing and croupy cough come on, give a pilule of Spongia at once, continuing it and Aconite, alternately, every half or quarter of an hour. Bryonia, Ipecacuanha, are strongly advised, in al- ternation, by Teste, as curative of almost every case of croup. Three globules, or half a drop of 3rd dilution, every half-hour or hour. CHILD-CROWING. 387 Arsenic. The pulse weak and thready; face and fore- head cool; features nipped. Three globules, or half a drop of 6th dilution, every half or quarter of an hour. If the attack is at all severe, keep the patient in bed; the room at 65°; the atmosphere moist by the vapour from boiling water, using a kettle with a long tin or paper spout. Ice may be sucked; cold water, whey, milk-and-water, Liebig's extract, thin gruel, corn-flour, or good mutton broth taken, a small quantity at a time. Tepid sponging; hot foot-baths, with mustard. In extreme cases, a sponge, wrung out of very warm water, to the throat. Under Allopathic treatment, the fully-formed attack is one of the most fatal of children's diseases-averaging one in ten. Millar's Asthma, or Child-crowing.-A sudden attack of breathlessness, arising from a partial or total obstruction to the admission of air into the windpipe, through spasm of the glottis, attended by a crowing, clucking sound. The breath- ing is often quite suspended, from a few seconds to a minute, or rather more; the child gets blue in the face, and struggles violently, ending with a cough, or crying. It is most common in very young children, especially in those disposed to be rickety, in those who live in towns, and in those who have been brought up by band, or prematurely weaned. There is general morbid excitability of the nervous system, and often irritation of the spinal marrow. Intestinal worms are also said to produce it. Every mother whose child is subject to croup should keep these two medicines-Aconite and Spongia-in the watch- pocket of her bed, so as to have them in readiness for im- mediate use. She should be excessively careful not to expose a child so susceptible to anything at all likely to cause an attack; for though the disease is very amenable to Homoeopathic treat- ment-so much so that I have only seen one death from croup-it is not a disease to be trifled with. It is an inflam- mation of the windpipe, inducing increased and altered 388 CHILD-CROWING. mucous secretion, and sometimes a deposit of false mem- brane. Aconite.-Dry, hot skin; fever; restlessness and dis- tress if there is a cough and loud breathing, it comes, not on drawing-in the breath, but on expiration, and is hoarse and hacking. Three globules, or one pilule, of 3rd dilution, every half or quarter of an hour. Spongia. The cough is dry and whistling; of a distinct, peculiar sawing sound. Bromine. The attack does not pass off; there is decided spasm of the windpipe; increased suffocative cough; constant hoarse, whistling, croupy sound; rattling wheezing; gasp- ing; difficult breathing; heat of the face, especially in weak debilitated children, who live in, or are surrounded by, a vitiated atmosphere. A A quarter, or half a drop, of 6th dilution, every quarter or half-hour. few drops of strong solution may be put to a saucerful of hot water, and this held under the mouth and nose. Kali Bich.-Croupy cough in paroxysms; raising of tough, stringy mucus. Three globules, or half a drop of 6th dilution, every hour. Hepar. When a rattling, choking cough is left; worse towards morning. Three globules, or half a drop of 6th dilution, every two hours. Gelseminum.-Sudden and severe spasm of breathing; profuse perspiration; livid face. Three globules, or half a drop of 3rd dilution, every quarter of an hour. Sambucus.-The child wakes suddenly, nearly suffocated; sits up in bed, turns blue, and gasps urgently for breath; the attack passes off, when it lies down again, soon to be aroused by another attack. Three globules, or half a drop of 3rd dilution, every hour. Stramonium.-If the attacks are attended by delirium; PULMONARY CONSUMPTION. 389 the child does not know what it says; asks repeatedly for papa and mamma, though both are there. Calcarea. Three globules, or half a drop of 3rd dilution, every quarter of an hour. Considerable anguish and difficulty of inspira- tion, almost amounting to choking; a considerable amount of perspiration about the head; the pillow-case is quite saturated. Six globules, or one drop of 6th dilution, every three hours. Cina. When any irritation of worms appears to cause it. Three globules, or half a drop of 3rd dilution, at bed-time. Tubercular Consumption, or Phthisis.—Children, as well as grown-up people, are liable to pulmonary consumption. There can be little doubt but that many cases of death in children, put down to simple atrophy, are really the result of consumption. It presents many, though not all, of the physical signs present in the adult: there is less cough, which is short and dry; no expectoration; very little night. perspiration, but continuous increase of listlessness, and loss of flesh, quickened breathing, flushed cheeks, a constantly hot, dry, harsh skin, fickle appetite, and diarrhoea in the later stage of the disease; there is often hereditary predis- position; the course is often rapid. It may follow bron- chitis, inflammation of the lungs, hooping-cough, or pro- longed diarrhoea. Death often takes place from an attack of bronchitis, or inflammation of the lungs; sometimes from sudden and severe bleeding from the chest. The mention of hereditary tendency shows the necessity for great care being exercised in the marriage of persons of consumptive tendency, and for the extreme solicitude and watchfulness with which the children of any such should be constantly regarded. Diet, clothing, exercise, ventilation of bed-rooms, and general management, should be regulated with a special regard to the establishment and maintenance of health, and the eradication of constitutional weakness. 390 CONSUMPTION OF THE LUNGS. A mother who has the least consumptive tendency should never suckle her infant; it should have a wet-nurse, or be brought up by hand: any rapid or progressive loss of flesh, or pining, should have immediate attention, especially if accompanied by a dry skin and short cough. In older children, the same signs, combined with languid listlessness, lowness of spirits, and increasing debility, ought to be sufficient to awaken anxiety, and ensure continuous treatment. The symptoms are much more insidious than in the adult: their course is often rapid. The first impression is to be made on the nervous and digestive systems of the patient, in order to arrest, as soon as possible, the deposit of crude matter, in the shape of tubercle, in the lung; to prevent any addition being made; to assist, by specific medicines, in the absorption of whatever may remain; to place no possible obstacle in the way of the patient's recovery; and to avoid anything that could, by any possible means, excite inflammatory action in the lungs or bronchi, such as chill or damp. Nourishment must be supplied, not only by suitable food, but in forms capable of affording carbonaceous matter in still larger proportions, such as cream, cod-liver oil, glyce- rine, and pancreatic emulsion: sometimes the one can be Some children cannot taken best, sometimes the other. be induced to take cod-liver oil; with others it always dis- orders the bowels. When given, it is best administered directly after food. Glycerine may be taken in water— a teaspoonful night and morning. The chief objection to the pancreatic emulsion is its strong nutmeg flavour. I have found it best to be given after meals, like cod-liver oil, and in the same doses, where, for some reason or other, cod-liver oil or glycerine cannot be taken. Frictions over the chest and down the spine, of cod-liver oil cerate, by a strong healthy person, are often of use after a tepid sponging night and morning. The child should always sleep on a mattress; it should be taken out-of-doors whenever the weather permits; and when in-doors, never kept in cold, cheerless, sunless rooms. CONSUMPTION OF THE LUNGS. 391 Veratrum Viride.-Pale cold face; nose looks pinched; paleness very perceptible round the lips and the side of the nose; dull, heavy pain in the forehead, with giddiness; ringing in the ears; oppression at the chest; or general uneasiness at the stomach; nausea; aching pains at the back of the neck and shoulders. One drop, 3rd dilution, every four hours. Chamomilla.-Complete loss of appetite; bitter taste, and inclination to vomit; distension of bowels; yellowish complexion; irritability; or, on the contrary, unnatural appetite. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every four hours. Pulsatilla. Pale face; puffy swelling of feet and legs, with weakness and chilliness; difficulty of breathing, and loss of breath after even slight exertion; weeping, or laugh- ing and crying moods; melancholy; indifferent; peevish; nausea; headache; palpitation; swelling of the abdomen, with oppressive weight; tendency to diarrhoea; loss of appe- tite. One drop, 3rd dilution, every four hours. Arsenicum.-White waxy complexion, with dark mar- gins round the eyes, or sickly, greenish, pinched look; puffi- ness of the upper part of the face; great prostration and over-sensitiveness; the least exertion fatigues; faintness; sleep disturbed by dreams; chilliness; pains in the back, shoulders, and abdomen, or in the stomach. One drop, 30th dilution, every six hours. A grain, 6th trituration, every six hours. - Calcarea.-General exhaustion; anxious trembling; depression; pale face; coldness of the hands and feet, or burning in the palms and soles, with congestion of blood to head and chest; palpitation; faintness; drops of perspira- tion on the face; weariness of the limbs; weakness of the knees; easily tired after the least exertion; sensitiveness to cold air; easily takes cold. 2 D Į 392 CONSUMPTION. China. In addition to symptoms mentioned just now, there are indifference, apathy, want of disposition for any pursuit, or nervous irritability; pale sunken face, sickly grey-yellow, or clay-coloured. One drop, 3rd dilution, every four hours. Helonias. Complete loss of appetite; great emaciation and debility; unable to walk far at a time; pain at the back of the head; pale skin; tongue red at the tip and edges, white in the centre; desires to be left alone; dull and gloomy; cannot endure the least contradiction. One drop, 3rd dilution, every six hours. Nux Vomica.-Uncomfortable distension of stomach; the clothes have to be loosened to give relief; vomiting of water; hiccough; constipation; restless nights; aversion to usual food, and hunger, which changes to a feeling of repletion on taking ever so little; great sensitiveness to noise, talking, strong scents and odours, or bright light; unable to bear the least pain without moaning and lamentation; trifling ailments affect almost beyond measure; earthy, yellowish complexion, especially round the nose and mouth; blue margins round the eyes; nose looks sharper and more pointed than usual; the face sunken. One drop, 3rd dilution, every four hours. Iodium.—-Pale face, or pale face alternating with redness; excessive shortness of breath on going upstairs, or on ascend- ing an eminence; frequent palpitation of the heart; great nervousness; debility, and weakness of the legs. One drop, 6th dilution, every four hours. Aletris. Very much debilitated and emaciated; nausea, but no vomiting; disgust for all kinds of food; the least food evidently causes distress at the stomach; very consti- pated; frequent attacks of giddiness; drowsiness. One drop, 3rd dilution, every four hours. Zinc.-Scarcely any desire or inclination even to walk; frequent headache and dizziness; oppression at the stomach, CONSUMPTION-DISEASES OF DIGESTION. 393 with nausea after food; constipation; sleepiness in the morning-very loth to get up; talking and calling out in the sleep; generally disturbing dreams; tendency to per- spire. Half a grain, 6th dilution, night and morning. Drosera.—This drug undoubtedly possesses the power of arresting the deposit and growth of tubercle, especially where children are very subject to colds in the head, and hoarse coughs at night. Two drops, 3rd dilution, night and morning. It will be thus seen that the consumptive need not, by any means, be given over as irremediably lost. Much can be done by management, by fit clothing, suitable food, regu- larity and simplicity of living, with plenty of fresh air, sun- light, and cheerfulness: in proof of which, attention need only be drawn to the great improvement, and surprisingly lessened mortality, amongst the orphans at the Bristol asylums, many of whose parents were both consumptive. CHAPTER IV. DISEASES OF DIGESTION AND ASSIMILATION. - THE digestive organs of a child, the stomach, and bowels, are very easily deranged: a variation in diet, food of a wrong kind, or a mental impression, will act in this way. Very young children give intimation of something being wrong by uneasiness and crying; by an alteration in the nature of the usual evacuations; by a pained expression of countenance; by a difference in the look of the eyes; by a listless fretfulness. Still, as every mother soon learns to know, a child is not always ill when it cries. Crying, though never pleasant to listen to, stands to the infant, in part, in 2 D 2 394 DISEASES OF DIGESTION AND ASSIMILATION. place of exercise, and is nearly the only means it has of making known its wants: a moderate amount of it need cause no anxiety, but be borne as one of the crosses of life. The cry of pain has a peculiarity of its own, which a mother soon gets to recognise. Habitual crossness and crying are totally foreign to good health, and are invariably indications of something wrong. Healthy children seldom have bad characters in this respect with either mother or nurse. A child's crying may be the result of carelessness or accident. A pin incautiously put in pricks it-its strings are fastened too tightly-it is altogether uncomfortable. The child may be suffering from some indiscretion or indulgence in meat or drink of its mother; it may want food, or its food may have been improperly and hastily prepared; or it may have had too much of what, in other respects, was perfectly fitted for it; or it may have had it too often, and be simply suffering from the effects of repletion. Give yourself time to inquire what may have caused the crying which annoys you; remove the cause, if possible, at once; or, if it cannot be removed, but still is perfectly obvious, determine that there shall be no repetition. If ordinary attentions and soothing do not produce quiet, or only for a very short time, have the baby undressed, lay it across the lap in a moderately warm room, gently rub it with the warm hand down the spine and over the stomach and bowels for some little time, putting on, afterwards, a soft warm flannel. Give the infant three globules of Chamomilla on its tongue every ten minutes until relieved. Should the pain return, the medicine must be resumed; and a thin napkin, well wrung out of tepid water, put on the whole front of the body, then covered over by four thicknesses of warmed dry flannel, overlapping the napkin on all sides; let the flannel be well tucked in, so as to exclude the air. The child, if possible, should be placed in its cot, and remain thus covered for half-an-hour; on removing the napkin and flannel, quickly sponge with tepid water, dry at once, and apply a thin, soft, dry flannel. This application, supplemented by Chamomilla, as thus directed, or by three globules of Aconite whenever there is heat of skin, flushed face, and restlessness, will almost invariably AFFECTIONS OF DIGESTION-VOMITING. 395 afford relief, often procure sleep, and may always be resorted to with safety. Remember these as a resource of which you may avail yourself in times of doubt and difficulty: you will save your child an immensity of suffering; you may ward off serious illness, and often secure for yourself and those about you a comfortable night, instead of one of restlessness and nursing. Vomiting.-A load at the stomach, of whatever nature, is often summarily got rid of by vomiting, which, under such circumstances, is to be welcomed and not checked. Should the vomiting be persistent and troublesome, or show itself often after a moderate amount of suitable food, given at a right interval, administer three globules of Ipecacuanha every two hours. If, after six doses, the vomiting is not checked, give Antimonium Crudum, three globules every three hours. If the vomiting be attended by any other symptoms which disquiet you, get the advice of a Homœo- pathic doctor, if by any means practicable, where one can be procured, or his advice by letter. The vomiting of children may be owing to the mother's milk disagreeing through illness, through fright or mental emotion, through over-heating or over-exertion she may have undergone, or through sheer debility. If the infant is brought up by hand, the milk may vary much in quality; or the food, if any is used, may be altogether unsuitable. It is often found that, in the same family, one child will do well on a kind of food on which the next will dwindle and pine; or the same child may, for a time, get plump, and be quite healthy on a certain food; but in a short period, from no ascertainable cause, it shall altogether disagree. If much more is brought up than has been taken if the vomiting returns after the stomach is quite emptied of food-if it is accompanied by moaning and uneasiness, by much heat of skin or of the head-specially if it is little more than water— above all, if greenish-if there be any difficulty of breathing, then the child will need careful watching and continued treatment. If the sickness is comparatively unimportant, the medi- cines mentioned above, with requisite care in other respects, 396 AFFECTIONS OF DIGESTION-VOMITING. soon relieve it. If they do not, something more serious may be pending. The child may have hooping-cough; it may be going to have measles, scarlatina, or inflammation of the brain. These points are to be borne in mind :--Are there any other unusual symptoms? Is the vomiting very per- sistent, almost constant, and brought on by the taking of even the least quantity of liquid? In cases of vomiting, the medicines are best administered dry on the tongue. Æthusa. -The child throws up its milk soon after nursing, suddenly and with great force; it then falls asleep as from exhaustion, to awake wanting a fresh supply. Three globules, 6th dilution, immediately after the child has had the breast or food. Ipecacuanha. The stomach is irritated by the least food or drink; vomiting of white or green mucus and food; evident pain and distension at the stomach; scanty urine, paleness, and restlessness. Three globules, 6th dilution, after every attack, or every two hours. Antim. Crud.-Vomiting from an overloaded stomach; white-coated tongue; nausea, retching, or violent vomiting, which nothing seems to check. Dose as for Ipecacuanha. Arsenicum. The child is very weak; the slightest effort, such as vomiting, seems to exhaust it; intense thirst, with vomiting, directly anything is taken; diarrhoea at the same time; coldness of the feet and legs; pale, pinched face. Two globules, 6th dilution, every two hours. Chamomilla.-Vomiting from repletion, and afterwards from nausea; sour, slimy, or bilious vomiting; one cheek red, the other pale; the child wants constantly to be carried about; it is very cross. Three globules, 6th dilution, every two hours. Veratrum Viride.-Great irritability of the stomach; the smallest quantity of food or drink is immediately rejected; DISEASES OF CHILDREN-DIARRHOEA. 397 great uneasiness and pain at the stomach; powerful and expulsive vomiting; sickness not preceded by nausea. Three globules of 6th every two hours. Veratrum Album.-Vomiting of what has been taken, of a watery liquid, with spasmodic choking, which is excited by taking ever so little, or by the least movement. Two globules of 6th every two hours. Iris.-Nausea, and vomiting of a watery and extremely sour fluid; severe and profuse vomiting, with much pain in the stomach; vomiting, with bilious diarrhoea, attended by great prostration, and colic in the bowels; violent efforts to vomit; little more than a considerable discharge of flatu- lence is dislodged from the stomach with great force. Three globules of 6th every hour. Diarrhoea. Frequent or profuse relaxation of the bowels may prevail, epidemically, towards the close of summer, and in the early autumn: it may not only be very common but very fatal, especially in certain districts. The fatality, as a matter of fact, and as an encouragement to those who are disposed to try Homœopathy for their families, is most marked under the ordinary or Allopathic plan of treatment. : Irritation of the bowels is the immediate cause of diar- rhoea it may be from some miasm in the atmosphere, in- appreciable to the senses; some impregnation of it from. decaying vegetable or other refuse; some mental emotion, such as fright, or a chill, improper food, or an inability, through constitutional delicacy, properly to digest the best and simplest nourishment. How likely, then, must all nauseous drugs, however sweetened and disguised, be to cause the very thing they are intended to cure. Infant mortality, largely in excess of what it ought to be, shows, amongst other things, how lamentably deficient we are in our sanitary arrangements, even where some advance has been made. The young organism is most susceptible, and most 398 DISEASES OF CHILDREN-DIARRHEA. easily succumbs to the evils arising from bad air and bad drainage. Municipal and other authorities should be armed with greater powers, in order to make our towns, cities, and villages what they might fairly be expected to become. That they are, at present, very far from this, the following table of Dr. Buchanan, the government inspector, proves. Table showing Infantile Deaths under one year, per 10,000 of population. Period of calcu- lation. 22 years 20 "" 21 "" 21 20 20 20 21 23 20 15 1922 23 20 "" "" ☺ "" در "" "" "" "" "" "" • Bristol Leicester Merthyr-Tydvil. Cheltenham . Croydon (under 2 yrs.) Carlisle Macclesfield. Newport Dover Warwick Salisbury Chelmsford Rugby. • • • Annual average rate per 10,000. 56.25 78.5 71.8 40 56 68 69 60.8 45.3 46.4 41.5 43.3 43.6 Any movement to obviate this lamentable state of things must be looked for, from the growing conviction of the thinking and intelligent of all classes, that it is a sin to allow prejudice, ignorance, and vested interests to curse the land with such a plague. In the meantime we must make the best of our opportunities in spreading a knowledge of the laws of life; in endeavouring to inculcate common sense; in rousing in the minds of all parents proper parental feeling; and in diffusing the practice of simple and effective medical treatment. This treatment, with Iris, China, Cha- momilla, Veratrum, Mercurius, Arsenicum, Sulphur, or Rhubarb, according to symptoms, will seldom or ever fail to commend itself by its speedy and lasting results. It is by no means necessary at once to step in with your chest and medicine as soon as any deviation from the natural course of things, be it constipation or its opposite, prevails: as soon as either begins injuriously to affect the child, begin, but not before. DISEASES OF CHILDREN-DIARRHEA. 399 For bilious diarrhoea with sickness, there is no better remedy than Iris-one pilule, or half a one, according to the age of the child, after every movement of the bowels. If the food passes with very little alteration, pretty much as taken, give three globules of the 6th dilution of China. If there is much pain, peevishness, and greenish evacuations; the skin looks sallow, the whites of the eyes of a yellowish tint, give Chamomilla. If that which passes the bowels is whitish, with much straining, or if mucus be mixed with it, let three globules of Mercurius Vivus, of 12th dilution, be given. If there be blood, as well as mucus and sickness, administer Mercurius Corrosivus and Ipecacuanha, alter- nately, three globules of the 30th, and three of the 3rd. When the foregoing remedies fail, the child gets worse, is pale, has paroxysms of pain, is sick, and almost constant diarrhoea, let it have three globules of Veratrum Album every hour or half-hour. Arsenicum applies to neglected cases, or to those where the child is not much better for all you have done for it; it appears to get worse, is rapidly emaciated, has a pinched cadaverous look-give three globules of the 30th dilution every hour, keeping the child as warm as you can. An occasional dose of Sulphur, two globules of the 12th dilution, may be administered occasionally, when a change of remedy is called for; do not, however, give it too closely either after the last or before a fresh medicine. Do not change your medicines too frequently. Take sufficient time to make your choice; and having made it, give a fair trial. Three doses are scarcely sufficient for any remedy. Sago, arrowroot, arrowroot stirred in cold water without boiling, cold water, rice-water made like barley-water, and taken cold and quite thin, are all admissible, and will, one or other of them, be found useful, especially the rice-water. In some advanced cases, broth or beef-tea, with rice added, may be given in small quantities: if they appear to increase the diarrhoea, discontinue them. The tepid compress and gentle friction over the bowels and down the spine, are of service. On no account whatever, and however great the tempta- tion, give Daffy's carminative soothing syrups or powders, ----- 1 400 DISEASES OF CHILDREN-DIARRHEA. diarrhoea mixtures, opium, Godfrey's anodyne or chloro- dyne. Aconite and Chamomilla, in the Homoeopathic form, are worth the host of them: they relieve at once, and leave no after-effects for the child to suffer, and the parent to sorrow over. Chamomilla.-Yellowish or greenish diarrhoea, with very violent pains in the bowels; bloated abdomen; a con- siderable amount of flatulence, nausea, and often bilious vomiting. Three globules of 6th after every relief, dry on the tongue. Aconite.-Green, bilious diarrhoea, through a chill, as in summer or autumn, from the sudden alternation of hot days. and cool nights; thirst, fever, and restlessness; constant irritability of the bowels. Three globules of 6th, every two hours, on the tongue. Iris.-Brown, very offensive diarrhoea, or bilious purging, unrelieved by Chamomilla, which causes an outward sore- ness at the seat; sharp, sudden pains at the bottom of the bowels, which cause the child to cry out, and, if lying, to draw its legs up; rumbling in the bowels; lassitude; emis- sion of fetid flatulence. Three globules of 6th after every relief, or every two hours. Rhubarb.-Copious, sour-smelling dejections, which look as though they were fermenting; frequent urging and straining. Three globules of 6th every two hours. Ipecacuanha. When the vomiting is even a more prominent symptom than the diarrhoea, and grass-green matters are brought up; or where there is considerable straining, nausea, and some blood passed. Three globules of 6th every hour or two hours. Mercurius Solubilis.-Straining; voiding of mucus; of mucus streaked with blood; or slimy, frothy, bilious 3 DISORDERS OF CHILDREN-DIARRHEA. 401 diarrhoea, like stirred eggs; chills; burning and soreness at the anus; colicky pains about the navel. Three globules of 6th every two hours. China.-Copious evacuations after food, which passes pretty much as it is taken; complete prostration; often very little, if any, pain. Three globules of 6th every two or three hours. Nux Vomica.-Morning diarrhoea, or after food; fre- quent but scanty evacuations of dark colour; mucus or slime passed, with urging, straining, and pain. Three globules of 6th every three hours. Podophyllum.-Morning diarrhoea, or immediately after food or drinking; copious, bilious, and very offensive, re- sembling pea-soup, and often smelling life putrid flesh; severe pain in the bowels-worse during and after an evacua- tion, with death-like nausea. In the diarrhoea to which this remedy and Nux Vomica apply, there is often protrusion of the lower bowel. Three globules of 6th at night, or every three hours, if necessary. Pulsatilla.-Watery, greenish diarrhoea, with coldness after; cutting pains in bowels both before and after; frequent urging, with distension of the abdomen; sometimes there may be a discharge of mucus only, especially at night.. Three globules of 6th every two hours. Arsenicum.-Watery diarrhoea, principally at night, with nausea; evident thirst; considerable pain; prostration, with cold limbs, and pale, sunken face. Two globules of 6th every two or three hours. Veratrum Album.-Frequent diarrhoea, with sharp pains before and after; cold sweat on the forehead; great prostration; the abdomen feels cold to the touch; sudden spasmodic drawing-up of the legs, with crying; violent 402 } DISORDERS OF CHILDREN Batte -CONSTIPATION. evacuations upwards and downwards, with a good deal of rumbling. Three globules of 6th every two or three hours. Sulphur.-As an intercurrent remedy in all long-stand- ing cases, or before fresh remedies. Three globules of 30th every four hours, or night and morning. Constipation is not at all uncommon in children, and in infants under a year old: it may be from hereditary influ- ence, from errors in diet on the part of the mother, from a deficiency in bile, or from simple inactivity of the bowels. It is not by any means an easy affection to get rid of. Wait a reasonable time, six or eight hours and longer, if the child be habitually costive. Do not interfere without waiting, unless the child is very uneasy; then give four globules of Bryonia, repeating them at intervals of three hours if requisite. For producing an action of the bowels in your children, your choice will lie between four medicines- Bryonia, Opium, Nux Vomica, and Mercurius. Give Bryonia the first trial, administering three globules at night and morning; if this fail, try Opium. One of these medicines you may find suit some of your children, and one the other. When the skin is sallow, and the motions deficient in bile, two globules of Mercurius, night and morning, will be best adapted for your purpose. Sulphur and Alumina will be found the most useful medicines for obviating a tendency to constipation. Two globules of Sulphur every third night at bed-time, one week; and Alumina the next week, and so on. Injections of half a pint of warm water with a teaspoonful of olive oil are admissible, and, in rare cases, may be re- quired. With young infants, small tapering pieces of ordinary yellow soap may be introduced, when there is evidently an accumulation, with great desire, but no relief. On no account, and under no pretence, ought castor-oil, senna, salts, magnesia, grey powder, or aperient of any kind, whether nauseous or palatable, to be given to a child, much less to an infant. All that aperients can do can be done by DISORDERS OF CHILDREN- 403 A CONSTIPATION. more gentle and simple means, and therefore they are positively injurious, very often laying, early in life, the foundation of after-weakness and suffering. Avoid the use of bread containing alum; have it made of coarsely-ground wheat, or "Entire Flour," as in Huntley and Palmer's wheaten biscuits, which ought to be kept in every house. Let your children have a good deal of milk in their diet, and as much fresh air and exercise as possible. Elder children should be encouraged to get their bowels relieved every morning, immediately after breakfast; a good rule for after-life will thus be established, and much trouble avoided. With young children use friction over the bowels, down the spine, and the tepid compress. In the case of children old enough to take it, as with adults, the tepid sitz bath, every day or every other day, in conjunction with a compress, is a great help. Bryonia.*-Constipation in those of bilious temperament, the vehement, and the taciturn; some hard matter may be passed with considerable difficulty and protrusion of the rectum. Suitable for cases in which there is alternate con- stipation and diarrhœa. Opium,* where constipation is habitual, or where it is prolonged. The loss of power seems to be in the lower bowel, or rectum; there is no very great urging; the orifice appears as if closed; there is loss of appetite; heat of face, and headache; heating, and heavy feeling in the bowels. Collinsonia.*-Constipation as the result of previous Allopathic purgation. Hydrastis.-Chronic and obstinate constipation, where the bowels act but once or twice in a week; and then with severe smarting, and a good deal of pain, lasting for some time after, and often producing faintness. Mercurius Vivus.*-Constipation, with constant desire. for relief; low-spiritedness; loss of appetite; bad taste in mouth; if there is any relief, it is with considerable effort, and is attended by chills and shivering. Alumina.*-Inclination, and effort at relief, with strain- • Three globules of 6th dilution, night and morning. 404 CONSUMPTION OF THE BOWELS. ing; when anything is passed it is hard, knotty, and scanty, and occasions pricking and excoriation. Nux Vomica.*-Constipation, with frequent ineffectual urging; loss of appetite; distension of abdomen; headache; vexed mood; disinclination for the usual employment; constipation as the result of indigestion, or from inactivity or torpidity of the bowels. Plumbum.*-When relief is attempted, the anus is drawn up by spasmodic action; if there is any evacuation, it is hard and knotty. The constipation to which it is applicable appears to result from a deficiency of mucous secretion in the intestines. Sulphur.*-Habitual costiveness. Adapted for the cases to which Nux Vomica applies, when that remedy does not relieve. Consumption of the Bowels is another affection connected with digestion, which presents itself in a twofold form one, mesenteric disease, a tuberculous affection of the lymphatic glands of the bowels. These glands become studded with small granular foreign bodies, called tubercles, which undergo changes similar to those observed in the lungs when affected in the same way. Due nourishment of the body is impossi- ble; the food is undigested, the blood becomes impoverished, irritative fever sets in, and the child rapidly sinks. The presence of undigested food generates a considerable quantity of gas, adding to the pre-existing enlargement of the abdomen. The evacuations which pass the bowels are clay-coloured, and extremely offensive. The skin of the abdo- men is tense and shining; the superficial veins are large and very apparent. Arsenicum, Baryta, Belladonna, Calcarea, Chamomilla, China, Nitric Acid, Nux Vomica, Phytolacca, and Sulphur, have all indications applying to this affection. It is generally curable under Homoeopathic treatment. Frictions, with cod-liver oil or olive oil, are soothing and serviceable. Let the child have a nutritious diet, plenty of meat, milk, and eggs; no potatoes or other vegetables; no pastry or puddings of any kind. On no account be per- suaded to take a child suffering from this complaint to the * Three globules of 6th dilution, night and morning. DISORDERS OF CHILDREN—THRUSH. 405 sea-side; if you do, and the complaint is at all far advanced, you will never bring it home alive. The other form of consumption of the bowels is a tuber- cular inflammation of the serous covering of the bowels- tubercular peritonitis, as it is technically called. It is very common for it to follow measles; so that whenever a delicate child is a long while in rallying after an attack of measles, and there is tenderness of the abdomen, pain, and diarrhoea, this is to be feared: at other times there is colic and consti- pation; at last the diarrhoea becomes habitual; the abdomen, however, still continues swollen, the child loses flesh, the strength fails, and the little one dies, worn out and weary, but quietly and without pain. In mesenteric disease I have found Chamomilla and Sul- phur of most essential use. Belladonna and Bryonia at the outset, then Conium and Iodide of Mercury, Elaps, and Arsenicum, with a tepid compress worn night and day. The diet light and farina- ceous. Phosphate of lime in glycerine may also be given as food night and morning, in milk or other bland fluid. Thrush. Specks white, or curd-like, on the tongue and on the sides of the cheek, preceded by a red granular ap- pearance from enlarged papillæ of the tongue. Most common in infants of a few weeks or months old, in whom it is associated with derangement of the digestive organs. In adults it is the attendant of prolonged and extreme debility. Several things may account for it-weakness; the impure air of the room or locality; insufficient, unwholesome, or inappropriate diet; sour food; acidity of the stomach and bowels; inadequate or irregular bathing of the child, or keep- ing it too warm. Thrush usually traverses the whole length of the digestive tract, developing redness and excoriation at the anus, corres- ponding to that originally appearing at the mouth. With attention to the food, the management of the infant, and a little medicine, it usually soon subsides; but not always, as it may be the precursor of severe disorder of the stomach and bowels. In itself it is a parasitic growth, fostered by 406 DISORDERS OF CHILDREN-STOMATITIS. mal-nutrition; showing the importance of removing, very carefully, with a piece of fine, soft muslin, or camel's-hair brush, every speck visible, as frequently as any are seen. The soreness attendant on it makes it difficult for the child to take the breast: the tenderness often communicates itself to the nipple, so that it is well to bathe it each time after nursing. Borax is one of the best applications, both for the nipples and the child's mouth; as much crushed as can be heaped upon a fourpenny-piece to two tablespoonfuls of water. Internally, the mouth is slimy; white specks on the tongue or cheek, which, on being touched or rubbed, bleed easily; the infant frequently lets go the nipple when at the breast, from evident pain and discomfort. A grain of 3rd trituration on the tongue, after washing it, every three hours. Sulphite of Soda. -As a wash for the mouth; as much as can be heaped upon a sixpence to two tablespoonfuls of water. Chamomilla.-The child is restless and cross; face red, then turning pale; feverishness; greenish diarrhoea. Three globules of 6th every two or three hours. Arsenicum.-When the affection extends, the diarrhoea continues, and the weakness increases. Two globules of 30th every three hours. Inflammation of the Mouth (Stomatitis).-Heat; red- ness; dryness; slight swelling and pain of the tongue, cheeks, gums, or palate. Wash with cold water, or plain, thin gruel, by means of a camel's-hair brush; and give Aconite, three globules of 6th, every three hours; attend scrupulously to diet. Ulcerative Inflammation of the Mouth (Cankers).—Simple inflammation, succeeded by vesicles, which may burst and form ulcers, that are very sore, and dirty-white or yellowish : these ulcers may be on the tongue, the inside of the lips or cheeks. The saliva is increased; the glands under the jaw are somewhat swollen and tender; there is difficulty in DISORDERS OF CHILDREN-CANKERS. 407 swallowing, and frequently very offensive diarrhoea. The gums may become swollen, deep red, almost violet, and covered by a layer of greyish matter. It may follow or attend fever or measles, and occasionally be diphtheritic. Wash the mouth with a solution of Chlorate of Potash, as much as can be taken upon a sixpence to a tablespoonful of water, and give one or other of the following medi- cines: Mercurius Corrosivus.-Tongue swollen, as also the lips, gums, and glands; slimy diarrhoea; increase of saliva. Two globules of 6th every three hours. Muriatic Acid.-Copious saliva; mouth and tongue sore and bluish; deep ulcers on the tongue, or the inside of lips or cheek, which look dark; inflammation and swell- ing of the gums; excoriation of the anus; thin, watery diarrhoea. Three globules of 6th every three hours. Hydrastis. Tongue dry, red, and sore; looks dark-red, from raised papillæ; gums dark-red and swollen, as are also the inside of the cheeks; ulcers on tongue and upper and lower lip; tenacious mucus in the mouth, or fetid saliva. Three globules of 3rd every three hours. Add Phosphorus.-Painful vesicles in the mouth; a number of small, red, easily-bleeding tips on the front part of the tongue; ulcers on the gums, which are swollen and spongy ; profuse flow of saliva. Three globules of 6th every three hours. Baptisia.-Dry, red tongue, fetid breath and saliva; some stupor and straining, with passing of scanty, bloody mucus, especially appearing during or after scarlet fever or measles. Three globules of 6th, or a drop of 3rd dilution (according to age), every two or three hours. Cancrum Oris (Mortification of the Cheek) may ensue; 2 E 408 DISORDERS OF CHILDREN- CANCRUM ORIS. and, if it does-though, fortunately, it is not common-let the strength of the Baptisia be increased, and a solution of one part of strong tincture to eight of water be applied, externally and internally. I have seen but two cases-both in boys of five years of age-after measles, and both fatal: it may occur after typhus fever or small-pox. The first indications are-fetor of the breath, and profuse fetid saliva, with debility and listlessness, followed by a swelling and hardness outside of one cheek, accompanied by an ulcer on the inside, of an ashen-grey colour, soon becom- ing deep, unhealthy, and excavated, with uneven edges, giving forth a very offensive, dirty-coloured discharge: a greater part of the cheek on that side may slough away, and expose the cavity of the mouth, if the rapid absorption of the poisonous matter, and increasing debility, do not carry the child off before. Muriatic Acid.-Aversion to food; hiccough; frequent putrid eructations; brown tongue; efforts to vomit; vomit- ing of a yellowish fluid; increased flow of fetid saliva; and foul, dirty discharge. Apply a small quantity of the strong acid to the affected part of the inside of the cheek, as there, it must be remembered, is not only the beginning, but the progress of the disease; afterwards syringe the cheek with a solution of three drachms of the dilute acid to eight ounces of water, and give- Two or three drops of the dilute acid, in a dessert-spoonful of sweetened barley-water, every two hours. Arsenic. Coldness of the extremities; rapid failing of strength; very quick pulse; agonising distress and piteous look; livid colour of the face; ichorous, blood-stained dis- charge, and cadaverous odour from the mouth. Three drops of 3rd dilution every half-hour, and application, by syringe, of one teaspoonful of 1st dilution to six of water, every three hours. Another affliction to which children are liable is- Jaundice (Icterus).-About the third day after birth, the red colour of the surface of an infant's body sometimes changes to a jaundiced yellow-jaundiced, however, in ap- AFFECTIONS OF CHILDREN-JAUNDICE-WORMS. 409 pearance only; the whites of the eyes are unaffected, and there is no illness: it is simply the congestive redness fading through yellow into ordinary flesh-colour.* Give medicines for the bowels, if at all disordered; keep the child free from draughts and chills; let its bath, night and morning, be a little warmer than usual, and let it be washed, after the bath, all over with weak, warm Arnica- water, half a teaspoonful to a pint and a-half. True Jaundice, where not only the skin and the whites of the eyes are yellow, but the fæces are clay-coloured and very offensive, from the absence of bile, and the urine a deep orange-Mercurius, three globules of 6th, at night, and Chamomilla, three globules of 3rd, every morning, with ordinary care and attention to food, will usually, for a few days, be all that will be necessary. Worms. Of the different kinds of worms (entozoa) in- festing the intestinal canal, three only demand notice: the maw, or thread-worms (ascarides); the large round- worms (lumbricoides); and the tape-worm (tania solium). Small Thread-worms, very minute, and often very nume- rous, are confined to the rectum, or lower bowel; occasion not only a great deal of local irritation, especially at night, but also give rise to various other symptoms, by which, almost as surely as their presence in the evacuations, they prove their existence. These symptoms are sudden and frequent changes in colour; dark rings under the eyes, which are more brilliant or more dull than usual; itching of the nostrils; insipid or acid odour of the breath; variable, fanciful appetite; voracious hunger, or want of desire and relish for food ; enlargement of the abdomen; pains in the bowels; some- times slimy diarrhea; troublesome itching at the seat; short, dry, hacking cough, or violent fits of coughing; some- times fainting; agitated sleep, talking in it; grinding the teeth; nightmare, and sometimes convulsions, and attacks resembling epilepsy. In girls, they sometimes creep up the vulva, when they * Dr. West on Diseases of Children, p. 566. 2 E 2 410 AFFECTIONS OF CHILDREN-WORMS. cause as great irritation as they do at the seat; also a troublesome leucorrhoea, or "whites." It is not enough to get rid of the worms, as by an injection of salt-and-water, half an ounce to half a pint the symptoms and tendency must be combated. Fair children are said to be the most subject to them. All raw fruit, imperfectly cooked meat and pork must be scrupulously kept from children subject to them; as should all kinds of pastry, sweet cakes, and confectionery. For the ascarides, or thread-worms, I have rarely found Mercurius and Cina, as mentioned at page 190, fail to allay the symptoms; though it has sometimes been necessary to use a salt-water injection, to dislodge the parasites from the lower bowel. Several other medicines are recommended. Cina. Continuous picking of the nose; fretfulness and ill-temper; short, hacking cough; frequent swallowing, as though there were something to be gulped down; the urine passed turns milky; constant tossing and uneasiness during sleep. If an infant, it is almost always cross and troublesome when awake; it will not sleep unless it is kept in constant motion; it is seldom quiet, whether asleep or awake. Two or four globules of the 6th every four hours, or every morning. Mercurius Vivus.-Often pain in the bowels; slimy evacuations; the abdomen is frequently hard and distended; a good deal of flatulence; the sleep is restless; the chil- dren wake frequently and cry. Two or four globules of the 6th every night. Asarum.-The child passes shaggy masses of mucus, full of ascarides. - Four globules of the 6th every six hours. Calcarea. To counteract the tendency to the production of the parasites. It has special adaptation for fair children; suitable for older people, when there is burning dryness in the rectum; sense of excoriation in the rectum, or actual soreness, and between the thighs; prickling in the rectum. For the ascarides, or violent itching. Four globules, or a grain, of the 6th trituration, night and morning. ▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬ AFFECTIONS OF CHILDREN-ROUND-WORMS. 411 Ignatia.-Violent itching in the rectum at night, or in the evening when in bed; creeping sensation, as from thread- worms in the lower bowel; great desire for relief of the bowels, with urging and protrusion of the rectum; consti- pation, or soft, large stool. Four globules of 6th, or three drops of 3rd dilution, every six hours, according to age. Apocynum And.-Itching and irritation of the nos- trils; everything smells and tastes like honey; rheumatic pains; cramps in the sides and bottom of the feet. May be used when Cina fails, if any of these symptoms are present. Four globules of 6th, or three drops of 3rd dilution, every six hours. Teucrium.-Feeling of swelling; itching and creeping in the region of the anus; restlessness at night, and tossing about this continues for several days-returns at regular times and stated intervals of four, six, and eight weeks. Four globules of 3rd, or one grain of 1st trituration, every night. Sulphur.-Troublesome, persistent itching; redness and rawness about the anus, or constitutional irritation and fever. Three globules of 30th every night. Silicea. Worm fever, of a slow, chronic form; in scrofulous children with large abdomen, and considerable perspiration about the head; aggravation of symptoms at the change of the moon. Three globules of 30th, night and morning. For round-worms (lumbrici)— Baryta Mur.-Emaciation, but no fever; considerable. pain round the navel, especially early in the morning; dry cough; craving for food; tongue covered with mucus. Six globules of 6th, or two grains of 3rd trituration (according to age), night and morning. Colocynth.-Periodical attacks of nausea; headache and throbbing from the presence of these worms. Six globules of the 6th, or two drops of 3rd dilution, every half-hour whilst the attack is on. 1 412 AFFECTIONS OF CHILDREN-TAPE-WORMS. Ruta. Giddiness; cold skin; debility; vomiting, with colic; feverish thirst; increased flow of saliva: and where delirium shows itself from these parasites. Six globules of 6th, or three drops of 3rd dilution, every four hours. Some practitioners have found Cina, and the 1st tritura- tion of Santonine, most efficacious for removing the round, as they have the thread or maw-worms. Teste recommends Stannum and Viola Odorata. Tape-worms are exceedingly troublesome thoroughly to dislodge; occasionally they produce serious convulsive at- tacks, which cease on the expulsion of the worms. Felix Mas, in drop dôses of the strong tincture, night and morning, or the same dose of 3rd dilution of Mercurius Corrosivus, and scrupulously refraining from pork in any form, and sausages, will always prove efficacious. I have seldom found the Mercurius fail: if it should, and the patient suffer much, and continued annoyance- Kousso, though devoid of all medicinal property and action on the patient, will invariably cause the speedy ejec- tion of the tape-worm. Six grains of 1st trituration, night and morning. Sabadilla. For shuddering, spasms, convulsions, loss of speech, and twisting and turning of the arms about, as the result of tape-worm. Two drops of 3rd dilution every half-hour, until relieved; then every four hours, for a few doses. Protrusion or Prolapsus of the Lower Bowel, may take place from the relaxation of sheer debility; from dysenteric diarrhoea; from straining at stool; from forcible spasmodic action of the muscles of the abdomen and rectum; from worms; from stone in the bladder-the two latter especially. In adults, a sedentary life, constipation, piles, the frequent use of enemata, and straining, from affection of some organ contiguous to the rectum, may also account for it. Great distress results; frequent passing of water, or complete stoppage; pains in the loins and thighs; flatulence; loss of appetite, and depression of spirits. PROTRUSION OF THE LOWER BOWEL. 413 In old people, the prolapsus frequently attains a large size; the mucous membrane is very much thickened, and the muscle which closes the orifice possessed of scarcely any power. In a very distressing case of this kind in an old lady, I ensured immediate relief from a simple, but very efficacious, contrivance I had made for her by Bailey and Son, of Oxford Street. Descent of the bowel in children is not at all uncommon : it is the source of much discomfort and distress, both to them and those about them: usually it is fairly amenable to Homœopathic treatment. If the child is old enough, let it be taught to make pres- sure, on either side of the anus, with the first two fingers of the right hand, at the time of defæcation; or let it be taught. to relieve the bowels in a kneeling posture. In the case of an infant, as first recommended by Dr. MacCormac, of Dublin, let the nurse draw the skin near the anus to one side, so as to tighten the orifice. When the bowel is actually protruded, let it be well washed, and returned immediately by passing the fore-finger, well oiled, gently up the rectum; or if the extruded portion is at all large, let it be grasped by the whole hand oiled, . making careful pressure so as to relieve the engorged vessels. In children there is usually an unhealthy, dry skin, coated tongue, and swollen abdomen. In adults, weak pulse, flabby tongue, and weak digestion: they should eat rather spar- ingly; take very few vegetables; bathe well with cold water after relief of the bowels; carefully return it every time it comes down they should also regulate the bowels by diet, wearing a compress, and regular exercise. Aconite. Sudden and violent eversion; the prolapsed part is engorged with blood. Let the child lie on its belly, and give it- Three globules, or one drop of the 3rd, every hour, until relieved. Ignatia. From straining or weakness of the rectum, with usually pain in the head, and derangement of the stomach. Three globules, or one drop of 3rd, at once, and repeated every hour, if necessary. 414 AFFECTIONS OF CHILDREN-THE NERVOUS SYSTEM. Acid. Nitric.-Constipation, with great desire for relief; great pressing in order to effect it; general depression of vital force; lassitude; prostration. Three globules of 6th, or two drops of 3rd dilution, night and morning, according to age. Nux Vomica.-Protrusion from loss of power, or from spasmodic action; constipation. Three globules of 6th, or two drops of 3rd dilution, night and morning. Podophyllum.-Slimy diarrhoea; straining, and prolap- sus; the mucous membrane of the extruded portion inflamed, red, and exquisitely sensitive. Three globules of 6th, or one drop of 3rd dilution, every six hours. CHAPTER V. AFFECTIONS OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM. CONVULSIONS, HOW THE NERVOUS SYSTEM LIABLE TO DERANGEMENT; PRODUCED, AND TREATMENT OF; INFLAMMATION OF THE BRAIN ; HYDROCEPHALUS, OR WATER ON THE BRAIN; INFANTILE PARALYSIS; CHOREA; EPILEPSY; STAMMERING. THE nervous system of a child is quite as liable to derange- ment as the digestive, and even more so a liability, as Dr. West* shows, accounted for by the rapid development of the brain, which doubles its weight in the first two years of life : diseased process, if once set up, goes on with proportionate activity; so that a young child's brain is liable to disease from causes which would produce little or no effect on the brain of an adult-as, for example, fright or excitement. Again, if the child's circulation be disturbed by spasm, by choking, by a violent fit of coughing, or a quickened circulation attend a cold, feverishness, or inflammation, convulsions may very soon set in; or when the system is drained, as by con- * Diseases of Children, 4th edition, p. 28. AFFECTIONS OF CHILDREN-CONVULSIONS. 415 tinued diarrhoea, the brain intimately suffers, and is the first to give evidence of a state of depletion. Convulsions. Few things are more alarming to mothers than the convulsive fits with which children are sometimes most unexpectedly seized, without any apparent warning of an approaching attack. Nothing requires to be treated in a more prompt and collected manner; what is wanted must be done at once. At the time of the fit, it is utterly useless to wonder what could have caused it; the violence of the seizure must be combated and subdued. The child must be placed in a hot bath up to the neck, and kept there for some time, until the severe and distress- ing symptoms have considerably diminished; hot water, from time to time, must be cautiously added down the side of the bath, to keep the heat of the water up to the right temperature. If it gets too cool, it utterly defeats the pur- pose for which it is intended; instead of encouraging a return of the circulation through the ordinary channels, and thus relieving the engorged vessels which are pressing like a nightmare on the brain, and with which it is unequally struggling, it only serves to drive the blood still more forcibly to the head, and add to the mischief and danger. Get a vessel or bath sufficiently large for your purpose- large enough to completely cover the child, without incon- venience, and without overflowing. If the child is not covered up to the neck, the cold atmosphere acts still more forcibly than a cooled bath would; and, therefore, is still more to be avoided. Unless the child is very young, add two tablespoonfuls of mustard to your bath; and be sure to test its heat before you place the child in it, to see that it is hot enough, and not too hot. It must be hotter than the body of the child, but of course not hot enough to scald. The hand is no guide as to the heat; the bared elbow is nearly as convenient, and far more reliable. Better than all, because not likely to deceive, is the thermometer: place it in the bath, get your water up to 98°, and keep it to that as nearly as you possible can. Let the bath be given before a fire, and a warmed blanket be in readiness to wrap the child in, immediately it is removed. The convulsion may W 416 AFFECTIONS OF CHILDREN-CONVULSIONS. return; and, therefore, for some time it is unwise even to put a night-dress on the blanket at once and completely shuts out the cool air, and, by keeping up the reaction, deter- mines the blood to the surface of the body. If the convulsions only slightly abate when the child has been in the bath five or ten minutes, or if they return with greater severity, pour cold water over the head, keeping up the heat of the water below, and not removing the child from the bath. As soon as the child is in the bath, put between its lips four globules or one or two pilules, according to age, of the 6th dilution of Belladonna, if the face is flushed and the pupils of the eyes are dilated: repeat the dose every ten minutes; then every half-hour. If the face is pale and dusky, with the pupil of the eye not larger than a pin's head, give Opium instead of Belladonna, as previously di- rected. Should the convulsion have arisen from irritation, dependent on teething, continue the Belladonna every three hours for several days. Lancing the gums is fre- quently beneficial; but it can only be of use when the tooth is forcing its way, by relieving the pressure. If done too soon, it only inflicts needless suffering and annoyance. If the presence of worms in the intestinal canal account for the seizure, let the child be treated for them by the appro- priate remedies, as soon as the violence of the symptoms has subsided. Undue excitement of any kind, whether of play, surprise, or fright, or even undigested food, when the causes before referred to do not exist, may be the reason of an attack. In the case of delicate children, and in families where there is a tendency to the occurrence of such fits, all these should be avoided. The treatment we have advised may appear very simple for such terrible things as convulsions: a trial of it will prove it to be as efficacious as simple-far more so than leeching, blisters, and purging. Whilst writing on the subject of convulsions, we may remark, that no family, where there are children, should be, night or day, without a good supply of hot water from a self- feeding boiler, connected with the kitchen range. INFLAMMATION OF THE BRAIN. 417 Inflammation of the Brain-Hydrocephalus (Water in the Head).—Inflammation of the brain is one of the most insidious, and, at the same time, one of the most fatal, of all the illnesses to which children are liable. In children of deli- cate constitution, the slightest possible irritation of the system so slight sometimes as to escape notice-will serve to induce it. In other instances, a fall, undue excitement, the heat of the sun, or one of the eruptive fevers, such as scarla- tina or measles, may cause it. The writer has lately had several cases following measles. One of the worst features of this disease is, that it creeps on unperceived. No doubt, at its very commencement, it occasions pain in the head of pretty severe character. The child affected may be too young to give any sign of it, or it may only be able to carry its little hand to its head so frequently as to cause it to be noticed. If with this the expression of the eyes alters, as to brightness or dimness, as to the dilatation or otherwise of the pupil, especially if the child sleeps a good deal, and generally with the eyelids partially closed, and if there be a boring of the head back into the pillow, the head appearing to be an almost unsupportable weight, there is cause for serious apprehension. There is almost always vomiting, which soon gets persistent and troublesome. The child, if old enough to take food, wants none, and has a disinclination even for water. It lies away from the light, with its forehead wrinkled in a very peculiar fashion. Convulsions, squinting, stupor, come on in course, and the scene closes, after, perhaps, one or more most tantalising promises of amend- ment. Constipation is an almost invariable attendant of this affection. - - Dr. West, one of the highest authorities, distinctly states, that, "under almost every variety of condition, of symptoms, and of treatment, the patients die ;" and yet he advises calomel and salts, leeches, jalap, scammony, and blisters. In the verdict of Dr. West all Allopathic writers agree, whilst most endorse his treatment. As to the extreme severity of the disease, and its great fatality, all who have seen much of children's diseases will be prepared to assent. A child cannot, however, by the 418 INFLAMMATION OF THE BRAIN. Allopaths' own showing, by any possibility be worse under our treatment: any way it can but die; whilst we can undertake that our medicines shall have the greater chance of being taken, and that we will not cause the child one atom of useless suffering. We can add to that, in the majority of instances, if taken in time, by Homœopathic remedies and suitable regimen, it is possible to arrest the disease. Two of the new remedies-Veratrum Viride and Aletris Farinosa-play a most important part; as do Bella- donna, Hyoscyamus, Hellebore, Opium, Stramonium, Nux Vomica, and Zinc; Gelseminum and Podophyllum may also find room for employment. Belladonna applies to engorgement and excitement: it has, as its outward signs, a flushed face and dilated glistening pupil; Opium, to dusky face and stupor. Nature is well- nigh resigning all its powers of resistance. Veratrum Viride comes in just where pure inflammation, with its attendant excitement, ends, and excessive irritability sets in. Hyoscyamus applies to restless excitement, with squinting and twitching of the face; Hellebore, to the incipient stupor, less profound than that of Opium; Nux Vomica, to allay muscular spasm, often most violent and distressing; Stra- monium, to convulsions, trembling, and restlessness; Gelse- minum, to a state following that to which Belladonna applies, when, instead of the irritability of Veratrum Viride, there is prostration, loss of muscular power and speech, languid pulse, respiration laboured and feeble, with nausea and vomiting. Zinc is said, in some rare cases, to have warded off effusion, when otherwise it must have set in. It may therefore be worth a trial when everything else has failed. Aletris Farinosa, as we have repeatedly tried, is invaluable as a prophylactic in warding off an attack, or in forcibly cutting it short at the very commencement: it is of little or no use at any other stage. The remedies to which we have referred all commend themselves. It will need some considerable experience to select the one just appropriate to each alternating phase; and there may be more than one failure before it is attained. Throughout, the feet must be kept warm, and the head cool, PARALYSIS IN CHILDREN. 419 when required, by the frequent applications of cloths wrung out of water as cold as it can be procured. The medicines will be best given, except in the very early stage, in the form of small powders, tincture rubbed up with sugar-of- milk, or three or four globules, if procurable, every two hours. Belladonna and Aletris, Belladonna and Nux Vomica, Opium and Zinc, may be given in alternation. Chronic Hydrocephalus, or water in the head, where there is a considerable quantity of fluid effused, and the size of the head sensibly increased, gives way, in the great majority of cases, as pointed out long ago by Teste, to Belladonna and Staphysagria, three globules alternately every three hours. The diet to be light and nourishing. A tepid bath night and morning. Warm clothing night and day. In a great number of cases I have only known these remedies fail in two. They are far better than the flannel cap, occasional leeching, mercurial inunction, and puncture of the cranium: these may not relieve; Belladonna and Staphysagria are almost sure in their effect. Inflammation of the brain in children is very frequently, though not quite universally, associated with a tuberculous or scrofulous constitution; so that, in families with any tendency to consumption, children's illnesses need especial care. Paralysis in Children is of two distinct kinds: one the result of some affection of the brain or spinal cord, accom- panied by occasional tremors, or rare convulsive move- ments; the other variety from some interruption in the nervous supply of a muscle, or sets of muscles, as to a leg or arm. In children, paralysis is not only attended by impairment, or loss of motion, wasting from want of use; but also by stunted proportions: the affected part does not grow, whilst the rest of the body does. The first kind is treated by the same remedies, and managed on the same principles as that of adults, aided by galvanism, carefully and scientifically applied. Belladonna.*-Trembling of the limb; chilliness; sharp * Three globules of 6th, every four or six hours. 420 -EPILEPSY-STAMMERING. CHOREA pains in it; it may feel cold, and the pulse be weak and hurried. Cocculus.*-Excessive irritability; giddiness; coldness and paralytic stiffness of the limbs; desire to sleep; draw- ing pains in the limbs; weakness and great soreness after the pains; weak pulse. W Esculus.*-Weakness; prostration; tottering walk; in- ability to raise the arm or the leg, though they have jerkings and twitchings in them. Aconite.*-In paralysis following an attack of con- vulsions, as soon as it is perceived; the leg is heavy, and drags; the pulse is heavy and irregular, or small, quick, and irregular; there is numbness; "pins and needles" in it. Nux Vomica.*-Not only loss of power, but a sensible diminution in the heat of the affected part, as felt on touch- ing it; constipation. Plumbum.*-Coldness, rigidity, trembling, and awkward movements; weariness; dragging of the lower limbs, or the child drops everything; the skin is pale; the patient emaciated; the limb wastes; constipation. In the second variety, medical rubbing, if properly and perseveringly carried out, will restore the lost or impaired use, even when the affection has existed for some time. Chorea and Epilepsy, having been fully described, and the remedies detailed in the first part of this book, will not need to be again treated of here. Of all our medicines, I have found Belladonna and Opium most generally useful in epilepsy; Cuprum and Stramonium in St. Vitus's Dance, or Chorea. Stammering. This involuntary interruption of utterance proceeds from a difficulty, and sometimes a total inability, through spasm or malformation, to pronounce certain sylla- bles. For example, a vowel followed by a consonant, as in egg; a consonant followed by another consonant, as in plait; a consonant following by a vowel, as in deed. Stammering is most likely to show itself "when articula- tion is being formed; when it is in the course of develop- ment, or only recently perfected, especially in children in * Three globules of 6th, every four or six hours. AFFECTIONS OF CHILDREN-STAMMERING. 421 whom the faculty of speech manifests itself slowly, or appears later than usual."* When arising from physical defect, it is incurable; when it is accounted for by the force of imitation-from want of proper management, as from endeavouring to speak with the chest only imperfectly supplied with air-or when the spasm is of the nature of chorea, stammering is curable by the exercise of some care and perseverance. The slightest disturbance of the feelings-the fear that stammering will occur-will almost invariably produce it. It is said to be more common in boys than girls; but few of either sex stammer from their infancy: children com- monly speak freely until about the fifth year. When stammering resembles chorea, or St. Vitus's Dance, it may affect other muscles besides those of speech; and the spasm may lead to an involuntary repetition of the first part of the syllable of a word beginning with a consonant―Tee- Tee-Tone. The jaws may remain firmly closed; or the mouth be for a time open beyond the power to close it. Instead of a repetition of the first consonant, it may be simply long drawn out, as in r-un. In recent cases, the relaxation and prevention of the spasm may be aided by the use of medicines adapted to chorea, especially Cuprum and Stramonium; and the cure may be completed by attention to a few plain rules. The stammerer must be taught never to attempt to speak without having first expanded his chest with a full inspira- tion. The teacher must make herself thoroughly acquainted, by repeated trials, of the way in which every letter of the alphabet is pronounced; what part of the lips, teeth, and tongue take in its production; whether the breath passes, as it is uttered, through the nostrils or through the mouth; and the child must be practised at each of them. Sentences must be constructed for the child, composed, as far as possible, of letters which he can say with ease; and these he must say over repeatedly. He must be taught to declaim aloud, after his instructor; which he will soon be able to do with comfort, and thus gain confidence. He must * Dr. Copland, sub loco. 422 AFFECTIONS OF CHILDREN-FEVERISHNESS. never be made fun of, or imitated; and always checked if he stutters, that his attention may be directed to what he is doing; as, in some cases, stammering may be relieved at once. by avoiding carefully the usual hurried repetition of the same syllable, or by opening the mouth and allowing simple sound to pass. The patient must be taught to divest his mind of all thoughts of stammering both when speaking and reading, and at other times; to avoid speaking, if possible, unless he feels that he can do so without hindrance: for a time he may be allowed to avail himself of any trifling habit, as pinching a portion of his dress, if it will help him at all to avoid stuttering. The imitation of stammering must never be allowed, or, at all events, encouraged. CHAPTER VI. FEBRILE AFFECTIONS. SIMPLE FEVERISHNESS; INFANTILE REMITTENT FEVER; CEREBRO-SPINAL, SPOTTED, OR MALIGNANT PURPLE FEVER; SCARLATINA; MEASLES; CHICKEN-POX; COW-POX AND SMALL-POX; MUMPS; SORE THROAT; DIPHTHERIA. EVEN a moderate experience of children, and their disorders, will suffice to show how readily, from trivial causes, and sometimes from none that are apparent, a state of Simple Feverishness will be excited--a condition, it must be remembered, that may be feverishness and nothing more, or the precursor of catarrhal fever, of an inflammation or of some epidemic fever, eruptive or otherwise. Any way, the present condition of hot, dry skin, restless- ness, thirst, and quick pulse, independently of after-results, FEVERS-HOW MODIFIED BY HOMEOPATHY. 423 must be promptly met by one remedy-Aconite, three glob- ules, or half a drop of 3rd dilution, every hour or half-hour. If the face is flushed, the head hot, heavy, and painful, and light and noise evidently distressing to the child, sub- stitute Belladonna, every hour or two hours. If cold water is asked for, let it be taken; it cannot do harm, and is most grateful. If the skin is intensely hot, a compress of two thicknesses of calico, wrung out of tepid water, sufficient to cover the body from the neck to the thighs, thoroughly well covered in by a small blanket twice doubled, and twice, so doubled, brought over the patient, and tucked in; it will be a con- siderable aid in reducing the fever. In specific fevers-that is, fevers which have a prescribed course, and a certain defined order of symptoms-where the child has succumbed to an epidemic influence prevalent at the time, or has, by contagion, caught measles or scarlatina, we have no power of stifling the disease, or forcibly nipping it in the bud; but we can most decidedly limit the area of its operations, and considerably lessen the time of its dura- tion. The child who has contracted measles or scarlatina, will have them in spite of all we can do, and in a palpable, unmistakeable fashion; but, as a rule, much more mildly under Homœopathic medicine than without, especially if the earliest symptoms of fever have been combated by Aconite. But in the case of measles, the catarrhal fever which attends the affection, and in scarlatina the sore throat, unless it be the malignant kind, will be very considerably modified, and the course and continuance of both diseases will be most materially shortened. So, in small-pox, the initiatory fever and attendant symp- toms, the feeling of general illness, the amount of the erup- tion, the deepening of its influence on the skin, and the amount of pitting and disfiguration, will be much less. The poisons, though not altogether antidoted, are ap- preciably modified as to the extent and permanence of their effects; which is the case, amongst others, with that pro- ducing- Infantile Remittent, or the Typhoid Fever of Children. 2 F 424 INFANTILE REMITTENT, OR TYPHOID FEVER. This is not to be confounded with the irritative fever arising from teething, or the presence of worms: it is a specific variety, not uncommon in children after two or three, most frequent after five, years of age; and Dr. West states, met with much more often in boys; prevalent usually in the autumn; running a course, if not checked, of three, four, or five weeks, and marked by more or less of a periodical abate- ment or remission, and return of its prominent symptoms; and accompanied, in some cases, by the characteristic spots. of typhoid fever, on the back, chest, or bowels, and es- sentially the same as the enteric or typhoid fever of adults, and as decidedly the result of contagion. "Children are particularly liable to it, and are often attacked when other members of the same family escape. Affording another example of what cannot be too frequently insisted on- that children are much more susceptible of deleterious influences than adults; that therefore all such originating causes of disease, capable of prevention or removal, should be kept far from our dwellings; and that where children are habitually cross and languid, there is something utterly wrong that must be righted-a something which, if not attended to, may probably affect the whole house- hold;—becoming a focus of disease, from which it may spread far and wide. It is therefore of the highest importance to inquire, what are the originating causes of enteric or typhoid fever? es- pecially as its attacks, unlike those of typhus, are by no means confined to over-crowded neighbourhoods, and the abodes of squallor and wretchedness. All kinds of houses and all ranks of people are exposed to its influence; though it unquestionably originates from definite preventible causes, as foul gases from sewers and drains, especially when con- taining fæcal or decaying animal matter; offensive smells from drains, through imperfect trapping, or badly-cemented drain-pipes; from the soakage of the soil with sewage; from open ditches; from the emptying of cesspools and the cleans- ing of old drains; from gases forced into houses from blocked-up drains; from drinking water contaminated by • Dr. Murchison on Fevers, p. 521. ""* INFANTILE REMITTENT, OR TYPHOID FEVER. 425 the filtering of cesspools or drains; from the effluvia from water-closets and open closets. As any one of these may induce an outbreak of fever in a house or neighbourhood, if their existence is known or suspected, an alteration, at any trouble or expense, should at once be made. This fever, whether it affects children in the mild or in the severe form, is characterised by more or less affection of the bowels, tumefaction, tenderness on pressure, and diarrhoea, or obstinate constipation. In the least severe kind, the child gradually flags in appetite, spirits, and strength: it is thirsty, peevish, and, on the approach of evening, drowsy-though, when in bed, it is restless, and does not sleep at all well; the breath becomes offensive; the bowels deranged-commonly a very badly- smelling diarrhoea setting in; the flesh of the child is dry and harsh, or bathed in perspiration; the tongue is red at the tip and edges, and whitish towards the back of it, with deep red points showing through it; the pulse is quick, but not so much so as the heat of skin would lead you to expect; sometimes there is a slight cough. At first the symptoms do not vary much from day to day; the child may now and then even, for a short time, allow itself to be amused; towards evening, it invariably shows that it feels ill. In the second week, the abdomen sometimes becomes a little tender if pressed at the sides; the small spots like flea-bites appear, and the nights become worse; the skin is very dry and hot; the child is very thirsty-frequently wakes and asks for water; when asleep the eyes are partly open; it talks in its sleep, or moans, grates its teeth, and is some- times slightly delirious; vomiting may also be present. When the symptoms begin to abate, they do so very gradually, the child presenting all the appearance of having been ill for a longer time, and much more severely, than he actually has. Change of air is often absolutely necessary before the child regains its usual health and spirits. The tepid compress at night, all through the attack, is a great relief and comfort to the child, both in the slight and in the severer form of the fever, which has a more sudden and decided character from the outset it usually begins with 2 F 2 426 INFANTILE REMITTENT, OR TYPHOID FEVER. vomiting; great drowsiness; some dizziness and heaviness of the head; sometimes slight shivering; at night he is very restless he wakes often, talks in his sleep, or is delirious, though, in the day, he is unwilling to keep his bed. The countenance assumes the dull, dusky appearance of a fever patient; the skin is not only dry, but as hot almost as in an attack of scarlet fever. From the sixth to the tenth day a variable rash of rose-coloured spots appears chiefly on the bowels-a few on the back and chest. The child sinks into a stupor; and, in some cases, abundant perspirations set in ; the tongue is thickly coated, then becomes dry, brown, and glazed; the bowels are disordered; the breathing quick; a dry, short, hacking cough; the abdomen somewhat swollen, tender, and gurgling on pressure; looseness of the bowels; water high-coloured and scanty; the child lies in a stupor, almost totally unconscious of what is passing around it; the evacuations are passed without its knowledge. At the end of a fortnight, the patient is brought to a most weak and helpless state; is as thin almost as he well can be, and apparently past all expectation of recovery. This, how- ever, as a rule, does take place, but very gradually out of the stupor and unconsciousness there is gradually a look of recognition; speech comes very slowly; the child bores at its nose until it bleeds; picks its lips and the tips of its fingers until they bleed; it is some time before the complete use of its faculties and the enjoyment of health return. The real dangers lie from increased brain mischief, or lung affection. The prominent symptoms, in every case, must be dealt with as they arise, by some of the following remedies :— Chamomilla.-Weariness and weakness; the child usu- ally wants to sit or lie; extreme irritability and sensitive- ness; drowsiness in the day-time, even during a meal; nightly sleeplessness; vivid visions evidently hovering before the fancy; or stupor, with feverishness, restlessness, short breathing, and thirst; constipation; dryness of the mouth; or green, watery diarrhoea. Three globules, or one drop of 3rd dilution, every three hours. INFANTILE REMITTENT, OR TYPHOID FEVER. 427 Pulsatilla.-Weakness and relaxation of the limbs; ex- cessive weariness after a little exertion; languor, obliging patient to lie down; drowsiness in the day-time; peevish, whining mood; crying at trifles; chilliness; restlessness; tossing about at night, with crying out, and dreaming in fright at some object, as a cat, a dog, a bee, which are to be driven away. Capricious appetite; desires food, but does not know what. Slimy, mucous diarrhœa, or ob- stinate constipation. Adapted for fair children of mild disposition. Three globules, or one drop of 3rd dilution, every three hours. Veratrum Viride.-After drooping some days; violent pain in the back; drowsiness; nausea, but not so as to pro- duce vomiting; pulse very quick; fever intense, with rest- lessness; considerable perspiration from depressed function; oppression at the chest. Sometimes great irritability of stomach; the smallest quantity of food or drink is imme- diately rejected; powerful expulsive vomiting. Three globules, or one drop of 3rd dilution, every two hours. Gelseminum.-Heat and congestion of the head; de- lirium; stupor; sunken eyes; purple, flushed face; high fever; symptoms always worse in an afternoon, or towards night, and not relieved by perspiration; or when the child sinks rapidly into a low typhoid state, with great prostration of all the vital forces; nervous movements every night; rolling of the eyeballs, and twitchings of the limbs. Patient altogether so bad, seems as though he must die. Three globules, or one drop of 3rd dilution, every two hours. Muriatic Acid.-Feverish shuddering; moaning and groaning during sleep, or tossing about, and frequent wak- ing; dry tongue; abdomen tender on pressure--somewhat swollen; diarrhoea, with rumbling in the bowels-thin and watery-passing during micturition, without patient being aware of it. Three globules, or one drop of 3rd dilution, every two hours. Bryonia.-Burning, dry heat; redness of the cheeks; ! 428 CEREBRO-SPINAL, OR SPOTTED FEVER. head hot; the heat is followed by profuse perspiration, par- ticularly in the morning or at night; sleeplessness; tremor of the hands; torpor; foul and sore tongue; red-looking urine, scanty, and strong-smelling; constipation; sometimes oppression at the chest, with dry cough, and pain in the side. Three globules, or one drop of 3rd dilution, every three hours. Phosphorus.-Small, hard, quick pulse; profuse night perspirations; sleep interrupted by shrieks; constant fan- cies; moaning, and tossing about; oppression at the chest, with rattling; dry mouth, with thirst; painfulness of every part of the body; sensitiveness and rumbling at the side of the bowels when pressing on them; hardness of hearing; on blowing or picking the nose, it often bleeds; patient lies in a state of stupor; urine plentiful, with sometimes a reddish, at others a white, sediment. Three globules, or one drop of 3rd dilution, every three hours. Cerebro-Spinal, Spotted, or Malignant Purple Fever, is a true epidemic, the causes of which have not been accurately determined. It fixes primarily on the spinal cord and membranes of the brain. We have sudden and intense vomiting; violent neuralgic pains in the stomach; great sensitiveness of the skin; severe pains in the head; stupor or delirium, in which pains are still felt, sometimes acutely, or symptoms like delirium tremens; violent contractions of the muscles of the neck and back; the head drawn back- wards; the countenance pale, except when flushed by pain; the breathing, the state of the bowels, and urine, affected only to a limited extent; a crop of small blisters not unfre- quently show themselves round the lips, and rose-coloured spots on various parts of the body; the spasm of the muscles may be severe enough to cause death, or the strength of the patient may be exhausted. In some outbreaks, this epi- demic has been almost entirely confined to children. On some occasions its outbreak has been as sudden, and its course as terrible, as that of cholera; the prostration and collapse as great; purple spots covering the body, and every- thing betokening a complete contamination of the blood. CEREBRO-SPINAL, OR SPOTTED FEVER. 429 Dr. Hirsch has suggested, as it generally prevails during the cold months, that an amount of over-crowding in dwell- ings-productive of no bad results when a certain amount of ventilation is secured-has a deleterious effect as soon as the cold prevents the usual opening of doors and windows. Dr. Richardson has directed attention to adulteration of flour, and other farinaceous foods, as having, in some cases, accounted for an outbreak of this fever. Veratrum Viride.-Uneasy constriction of the stomach, soon followed by very violent vomiting and great pain at the pit of the stomach; dimness of vision; heaviness of the head; severe frontal headache; vesicles, and rash. Three globules, or one drop of 3rd dilution, every hour or half-hour. Cimicifuga. Nausea; vomiting; faintness at the stomach; the brain is as though it were being overpowered by some potent drug; there is pain in every part of the head, especially at the top and back of it; delirium, resembling madness arising from stimulants (mania a potu); the pain is often paroxysmal, pressive, throbbing, aching, with illu- sions of sight. Prostration and irritation of cerebro-spinal nerves; intense pulsative pain up and down the spine at every beat of the heart; eyes dull, aching, sore, and blood- shot; pupils dilated; great flow of tears; tongue dark and swollen; breath offensive; roughness of voice, hoarseness, and thirst; severe pains in the abdomen, unattended by any derangement of the bowels; urine often profuse and pale; stiffness, tensive, drawing pain in the muscles of the back; weakness, trembling, and spasms of the muscles generally. It is also useful in the disorganisation of the eye, frequently following the fever. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every three hours. Bryonia. Nausea, with empty retchings or bitter vomit- ing, or a bringing-up of water and mucus, with coldness of the whole body; aching of the whole head-it feels as though pressed together through the temples; pulsating pain, with heaviness and sharp stitches; the eyes cannot be moved without bringing them on; weakness, stiffness, and drawing 430 CEREBRO-SPINAL, OR SPOTTED FEVER. at the nape of the neck; obstinate constipation or diarrhea; frequent violent desire to pass water. Six globules, or two drops of 3rd dilution, every three hours. Cocculus applies both to the ordinary and the more sudden attacks of this fever. Nausea and vomiting; burning pain in the gullet and stomach-unrelieved by vomiting- extending over the whole abdomen; delirium; excessive irritability; sensation as if the brain were forcibly bound by a ligature—increased by warmth or talking; or as if the eyes would be torn out; desire to sleep; starting up again con- tinually from hideous dreams; spasmodic shaking of the head; small pulse; coldness and rigidity of the muscles of the arms and legs; small red spots on the face, back, chest, and neck, and tetanic convulsions of these; creeping, shiver- ing, and stiffness of the back; or a sudden seizure, with dreadful apprehensiveness, which increases every moment, as do the anxiety, stupefaction, senseless stupidity, and immo- bility; the patient is at once cold all over, with ice-cold sweat on the forehead and hands; fixed sullen look; great repugnance to all food and drink; an expectation of speedy dissolution; the eyes protrude, and look glassy. Six globules of 3rd, or six drops of 1st dilution, every hour or half-hour. Nux Vomica.-Violent distress in the stomach; vomit- ing; intense throbbing, and aching pain, as though the head would split; loss of strength-the patient sometimes falls suddenly, as if struck; eyes fixed and glistening, or staring, with contracted pupils, and rolling upwards; hands cold; pulse hard, small, and quick, or collapsed; frightful expres- sion of face; the mouth open; head drawn backwards; rapid moaning, and sometimes interrupted breathing; anxiety; violent palpitation; involuntary, loud screams; no delirium; a rash over the body, or the whole or one side a blue-red colour; the abdomen distended; the hands convulsively closed; the face pale and collapsed; the mouth tightly closed, with blue lips; constipation; frequent diarrhoeic CEREBRO-SPINAL, OR SPOTTED FEVER. 431 stools, or ineffectual urging; sudden shocks, like those of electricity, passing through the body. Six globules of 3rd, or four drops of 1st dilution, every hour or half- hour. Conium.-Coldness of the lower extremities; pale face; cold nose; dimness of sight; acute sensitiveness of the pit of the stomach, and violent pains there, with frequent efforts to vomit, and painful constriction; faintness; restlessness; sleeplessness; moaning; small and frequent pulse; tightness across the chest; difficulty of breathing; dulness of all the senses; delirium; vertigo; pain in the head as if too full, as though it would burst; urine as clear as water, with frequent urging, and constant endeavours to relieve the bowels; trembling, spasms, and then loss of feeling in the muscles; eruption of small blisters in various parts, and purple or blackish spots, of one or two inches in circumfer- ence, in all parts of the body (petechia). Six globules of 3rd, or four drops of 1st dilution, every two hours. Hydrocyanic Acid. The patient falls suddenly, as if struck by lightning; loss of consciousness and sensibility; increasing difficulty of breathing; gasping for breath; cold- ness of the limbs; small pulse, scarcely perceptible at the wrist; wild-looking, bloated, almost purple countenance, violently convulsed and distorted; the limbs spasmodically extended; the head drawn down upon the shoulder; low moaning; the heart beats with a feeble flutter; general paleness of the body, with a blue tinge; retention of urine; involuntary relief of the bowels. Six globules of 3rd, or six drops of 1st dilution, every ten minutes. S It is almost superfluous to add, that the nature of this fever is such, that no one would be warranted in treating it without the advice of a Homoeopathic physician, if procur- able. The above directions are given to meet the wants of those cases in which such aid is unavoidably absent. Strong beef-tea must be administered frequently, a tea- spoonfu or two at a time. 432 SCARLATINA AND MEASLES. We now pass on to the Eruptive Fevers; taking, as first in importance and frequency in children- Scarlatina and Measles.-Scarlatina is only a convenient name, apparently more innocent, than Scarlet Fever the affections are really one. Scarlatina can generally be dis- tinguished by the sore throat, which ushers it in, as well as by the colour and character of the eruption, which is of lobster-coloured redness, generally smooth, leaving a per- ceptible white mark if the skin is pressed by the finger, though it begins with small red points on the chest, arms, and elbows. The tongue is unnaturally red, with small elevations on it, often very numerous. Somewhat similar elevations sometimes appear on the arms and other parts of the body during an attack of scarlatina: then the attack is to be considered as partaking very much of the nature of both measles and scarlatina, and is termed Rubeola. In some cases it appears to be most like measles; in others it more resembles scarlatina. In the majority of cases, the two maladies will be easily decided on. Measles begins like a catarrh, or cold in the head, with redness of the eyes, tears, and sncezing, attended by a brassy ringing cough. The rash, too, is pink rather than red; distinct patches of it are observable; it generally shows itself on the fourth day of the illness: scarlatina on the second. The tongue is moist and creamy-looking, and the heat of the skin is not quite so intense as that of scarlet fever. The rash of measles, on its first appearance, has the look of flea-bites. Measles very commonly visits us with the cold winds of spring. The heat of the skin is much the more intense in scarlatina. If any doubt remain on the mind of the mother, as to whether her child has measles or scarlatina, the fact of the one or other affection being prevalent at the time may serve to decide her, though the points of difference are pretty clearly defined, as we have endeavoured to show. Measles, it may be well to bear in mind, manifests itself in three crops: the first, on the face, neck, and chest; the next day, on the body; the following day, on the legs: each crop, in an ordinary case, remaining out three days. t } SCARLATINA. 433 If you have any acquaintance with Homoeopathic medicine. at all, you will know that Belladonna is the chief remedy in scarlet fever, and Pulsatilla in measles. It does not, however, by any means follow that you therefore know the Homœopathic treatment of these diseases. In both affections, administer Aconite for the primary feverishness; then in scarlatina, follow it by Belladonna if the eruption is smooth; but if accompanied by red pimples, give Rhus Toxicoden- dron instead of Belladonna-half a drop of either of the tinctures for a dose, every two or three hours. 1 In Scarlet Fever, put the tepid bandage round the throat; use tepid spongings of the whole body night and morning-a part at a time, with clean and warmed body-linen put on after. A tepid Hydropathic packing of the whole body for half-an-hour, twice a day, will greatly facilitate the progress of the little patient. If, notwithstanding the use of Belladonna, the throat gets worse, give Mercurius Corrosivus in alternation, quarter of a drop of 5th dilution, every two hours. If white patches. show themselves on the tonsils, give Kali Bich., a quarter of a grain of the 3rd trituration dry on the tongue, in alterna- tion with Nitric Acid, half a drop of the 3rd dilution every two hours, with Sulphurous Acid Spray applied to the throat. Moderate swelling of the glands of the neck will be relieved by Mercurius: if they are of considerable size, give Baryta Muriatica and Kali Hydriod. alternately every three hours-same dose and strength as ordered for the Kali Bich. If the child is delirious, and passes but little water, give it, alternately, Belladonna and Apocynum, three drops of the 3rd dilution every two hours. If these do not relieve after six doses of each, give Digitalis, two drops of the 3rd dilution every two hours: which medicine, in alternation with Apis Mellifica, three drops of the 2nd dilution every two hours, will generally relieve dropsical symptoms should they occur. Arsenicum, Muriatic Acid, or Phosphorus, when diarrhoea supervenes. The malignant form of scarlatina is an affection as much to be dreaded, and perhaps more, than any other disease to which children are subject; and whilst Homoeopathic medi- 434 SCARLATINA-MEASLES. cines can do more for it than any other, yet, to our sorrow, they sometimes fail to wrestle successfully with the fell poison, under the power of which the little sufferer succumbs-Baptisia and Ailanthus, two drops alternately, every two hours, 2nd dilution, in addition to medicines. mentioned on the previous page. Scarlatina is the most contagious of all the eruptive fevers; the bed-furniture, clothes, and carpets, the paper on the walls of the rooms, all readily communicate it, and for a length of time; so that after this fever breaks out in a house, as soon as it disappears, the room or rooms in which the infected have been, should be whitewashed and re- papered, every vestige of the old paper being carefully scraped off. Condy's Fluid should be liberally used as a disinfectant in the room and throughout the house: patients kept quite apart. Cold water, or toast-and-water and weak tea, for a few days, will be all that will be required; to be followed by arrowroot, corn-flour, sago, cocoa, mutton and fowl broth, and beef-tea. If any mother is frightened at a tepid washing, let the body be rubbed all over, night and morning, with olive oil; this will obviate the harsh, dry state of the skin, and effectually prevent dropsy setting in: it is equally useful in measles. Measles. In the treatment of measles, Aconite is to be relied on for the introductory fever: in mild cases, Pulsa- tilla for the eruption, three drops of the 3rd dilution every two hours. If chest symptoms predominate, give Veratrum Viride, two drops of 3rd dilution, and Phos- phorus, one drop of 3rd dilution, alternately, every two hours. Pulsatilla and Ipecacuanha control the vomiting and diarrhoea; whilst Conium applies to the cough, often very distressing-two drops of 3rd dilution every two hours. Euphrasia, same strength and dilution, for the catarrhal and eye symptoms, if persistent. Ipecac. and Arsenicum, alternately, will remove trouble- some diarrhoea, attended by cough, considerable difficulty of breathing, and motions with blood-three drops of the 3rd dilution of Ipecac., and two drops of the 5th dilution of Ars., every two or three hours in alternation. SMALL-POX. 435 Bryonia, two drops of 3rd dilution, and Phosphorus, two drops of 5th dilution, alternately every three hours, may be needed to remove any remaining chest symptoms after the measles have disappeared. Flannel should invariably be worn next the skin when the measles have subsided. Years ago, measles was termed the "little plague," so fatal was it: under Homœopathic treatment it is anything but that. Diet of much the same kind as ordered for scarlatina: in measles more nourishment will usually be asked for, and may be taken; broth and beef-tea may be given much earlier. One attack of measles by no means purchases freedom from an after-attack. I have known the same child have it two or three times. Small-pox.-Small-pox, or Variola, as it is technically termed, exhibits various modifications, according to the prevalent type in any given visitation of the disease, the surroundings of the patients, and their constitutions: those with any tendency to scrofula invariably suffer the most. The poison of small-pox may lie in the system for twelve days before it shows itself, or it may manifest itself the next day. The primary fever which ushers it in, lasts, as a rule, two days: it is to be met by Aconite, three drops of the 1st dilution every two hours. There is great lassitude, and a peculiar pain, almost like rheumatism, in the loins; there is also more or less nausea: if troublesome, give, in alternation with the Aconite, Antim. Tart., half a grain of 5th dilution every two hours. In any case, the Antim. Tart. may be given on commencement of the second day. As soon as the pimples are fully out, administer Mercurius Vivus, two drops of 6th dilution every two hours, in alter- nation with Antim. Tart., to help the formation of the vesicles; then, as these begin to alter their character, give Thuja and Sulphur, half a drop of the strong tincture of the former, and two drops of the 5th dilution of the latter medicine, every two hours. During the introductory fever, the patient must live low: when that has subsided the ordinary diet may be taken, and it should be rather generous than otherwise. Hydrastis, Veratrum Viride, and Sarracenia have been very highly 436 SMALL-POX. recommended in small-pox, and might be tried, should the other remedies fail. The writer has had no experience in their use. In 1865, he treated eighty cases.* The medicines here recommended were so beneficial that no others were required. The patient need not be confined to bed for many days, except in a severe attack; nor to the house, when the weather admits of his going out; and he can take exercise, in such a way as not to expose others to the infection, as in a large garden or orchard, in country places. A drink acidu- lated with cream of tartar forms the nicest and most agree- able beverage during the primary fever. We meet with the mild or modified form (varioloid); the discreet, where the eruption is not very abundant, and not near together; and the confluent, where the pustules run one into the other, and when the scab on the face forms one complete mask. Small-pox has a peculiar distinctive odour, which, once recognised, will never be forgotten. Exclusion of the air from the face, head, and neck, by Thuja Cerate, will prevent pitting and disfigurement. Vaccination, though it does not purchase perfect im- munity, if thoroughly performed once in a lifetime, insures a modified, and consequently the less dangerous, type of the disease. Such modified attacks are occasionally met with in un- vaccinated persons: they are, however, the exception, and not the rule. The practice of vaccination has got into dis- repute through the culpable carelessness of public vaccina- tors; any child, no matter what its parentage, so that it had a fine arm, as it is termed, did to vaccinate from; and if the matter was a little stale, it did too. By all means have your children vaccinated, but have them vaccinated from the cow. This, with a very little. extra trouble, can generally be accomplished. Every medi- cal man meets with undoubted cases of troublesome affec- tions of various kinds arising from vaccination, which bad matter, in some instances, may have occasioned; in others, it has only developed or matured an inherited tendency in • For detail of cases, see British Journal for that year. - 1 常 ​I COW-POX-CHICKEN-POX-SORE THROAT. 437 the child vaccinated. Small-pox has been much more pre- valent of late years; for which, facilities of locomotion, and the extent to which they are used, may very easily account. Cow-pox, the result of vaccination, needs very little treatment besides Aconite at the outset, and a few doses of Sulphur to finish off with. Chicken-pox, confined principally to childhood and young persons, slightly resembles small-pox, and is thought, by some authorities, to be identical with it. It requires for its treatment little beyond Aconite and Mercurius. The erup- tion may take the form of vesicles, or small blisters, pimples, or pustules; hence sometimes called stone-pock and swine- pock. The constitutional symptoms are very seldom worse than those attending a mild attack of measles. The charac- teristic odour of small-pox is altogether wanting. It is but very slightly epidemic. Sore Throat.-Inflammation of the throat, similar to that met with in cases of scarlatina, frequently attacks nurses and attendants of patients who have this fever: other persons living in an infected house are also sometimes troubled with it. A tepid compress, worn night and day, and- Aconite, for the chilliness, feverishness, and pricking pain. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every two hours. Belladonna. For difficulty of swallowing; hoarseness; glazed-red appearance of the throat; red points on the tongue, and headache. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every two hours. Mercurius Vivus.-If there is any stiffness under the jaws; any swelling or tenderness of the glands there, or difficulty of swallowing the saliva. Half a grain, 6th trituration, night and morning. Mercurius Iod.-At the same dose and interval, if the swelling of the glands continues to increase. Mercurius Corrosivus.-If ulcers form at the back and sides of the throat; there is great difficulty in swallowing 438 QUINSY-MUMPS. the saliva; the breath is fetid; the tongue a dirty-white; coppery taste. One drop, 3rd dilution, alternately with Belladonna, every three hours. Baptisia. The fetor increases; scraping, burning, raw sensation; throat feels as if growing up, causing constant efforts to swallow; considerable amount of viscid, stringy phlegm; the nervous system is depressed; there is a good deal of prostration. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every two hours, with gargle of the same. Inflamed and ulcerated sore throat often prevails as an epidemic. Quinsy. Sometimes, in such an epidemic, or as the result of a cold, the inflammation principally concentrates itself on the tonsils, which are considerably swollen; the saliva is swallowed with considerable effort; and pain is felt from the throat to the ear. The inflammation may subside, leaving the tonsils somewhat enlarged for a time; or an abscess may form. For the primary inflammation, give Belladonna and Mercurius Vivus, alternately; but as soon as the tonsils begin to enlarge, substitute Hepar for the Mercurius, Apis for Belladonna. The indications for Apis are-dry, swollen tongue; the throat looks fiery red, and glazed; burning heat; ropy, tenacious mucus; stinging pain when swallow- ing; the tonsils are also red, glazed, and swollen. Two drops of 2nd dilution every two hours. Use the tepid com- press from the first; and if an abscess seem imminent, let the mouth and throat be frequently steamed with boiling water, holding the mouth over a jug containing it, a folded towel being so placed as to confine the steam. Mumps. A febrile disturbance, accompanied by a swell- ing of the glands under the ear and jaw; but especially those under the ears—the parotid occasionally is met with as an epidemic amongst young people; or such an enlargement may remain or set in after scarlatina. The epidemic affection requires very little treatment. Aconite as soon as any feverishness is noticed: continue it unless the swelling considerably increases; then, especially if 1 ¦ ENLARGED GLANDS AND TONSILS. 439 it pits on pressure, give Mercurius Vivus, quarter of a grain, 6th trituration, every four hours; followed by Belladonna if the enlargement remains with very little alteration. Should the mumps suddenly disappear, and attack the testicles- where there is inflammation, enlargement, and great tender- ness, give Aconite and Clematis alternately, two drops of 3rd dilution every four hours. Chronic enlargement of the glands of the ear, jaw, and neck, may be the result of scarlatina, or of a weakly scrofulous constitution. If there is chronic induration, and they are as hard as a stone, give Rhus, one drop of 3rd dilution, night and morning. Baryta Carb.-Mental and physical weakness; great disposition to take cold. One grain, 6th trituration, night and morning. Pulsatilla.-- Chronic cough, with enlarged glands; mild disposition; subject to diarrhoea. One drop, 3rd dilution, every night and morning; followed by Calcarea. Merc. Iod.-Swelling and induration of the glands as a sequela of scarlatina, and when scrofula and syphilis, conjoined, deprave the constitution. Half a grain of the 6th trituration every other night. Carbo An.-Weakness and want of energy; soon exhausted by any little exertion, and perspires very easily. One grain, 3rd dilution, night and morning. Conium when such glandular swellings threaten to gather, and after they have broken. One drop, 3rd dilution, three times a day; and Silicea, one grain, 6th trituration, night and morning. Sanguinaria, to heal any fistulous openings from which ichor may run. Two drops, 2nd dilution, night and morning. Arsenic to remove the colour of any bluish scars remaining after such openings have closed. Half a grain, 6th trituration, every other night for a fortnight. Chronic enlargement of the Tonsils is to be treated in the same way as ordinary glandular induration, chiefly by Baryta and Calcarea, and very occasional and small doses of Merc. Iod. This enlargement is a fruitful source of deafness in children they have great difficulty in keeping the mouth and lips closed; they snore much during sleep. : Diphtheria is quite distinct from inflamed throat, from sore-throat fever, as the epidemic is popularly called; from ž 2 G 440 DIPHTHERIA. scarlatina, sore throat, and even the worse kinds of ulcerated sore throat. It is an old disease, however, with a new name. Diphtheria is characterised by marked and rapid depression of the vital powers, by unmistakeable signs of the poisoning of the system by some foul miasm, and the formation of patches of whitish exudation, or wash-leather deposits, about the soft palate, back of the throat, and tonsils. It is both epidemic and contagious: it occurs in distinct outbreaks. It most commonly attacks those from two to thirteen years of age; invades all classes influenced by district or locality; afflicts families of the better class, in healthy neighbour- hoods, and residing in comfortable dwellings; though its malignancy is unquestionably heightened by defective drain- age, impure air, bad water, and over-crowding. As the last time when it was very prevalent and fatal happened to be an unusually dry summer, it was conjectured that long-continued drought had some influence in pro- ducing it. The summer of 1870 was equally dry, but, fortunately, not attended equally by diphtheria. When it is epidemic, strumous constitutional tendencies seem most to foster its propagation and shape its course. When diphtheria, however slight, is known to be in a neighbourhood, every child and young person who has the slightest sore throat, difficulty of swallowing, or glandular enlargement under the jaw; or any fever, shiverings and vomiting, treatment accordingly should be commenced at once. Aconite. High fever; an unusual degree of prostration; pains in the limbs, and headache. Three drops, 1st dilution, every hour. Baptisia. Hot skin; quick pulse; pain in the head; breath very offensive; considerable quantity of saliva run- ning out of the mouth; great and rapid prostration; the eyes look heavy; face puffed, flushed, and shining; enlarge- ment of the glands under the jaw; lips dry and cracked tongue trembling, and covered with thick, slimy mucus; tonsils enlarged, and bright-red; back of the throat, palate, ; DIPHTHERIA. 441 and uvula inflamed, and dotted over as with a crop of small- pox pustules; spots of diphtheritic deposits. Two drops, 1st dilution, every hour: locally, by camel's-hair brush-the strong tincture-twenty drops to half a teacupful of water; inhala- tion of it, or spray. Apis. Sudden inflammation of the parts; they look shining red, covered by glassy mucus; rapid. puffy swelling of the palate and throat; intense stinging pain; very great difficulty in swallowing; secretion of ropy tenacious phlegm. Two drops, 2nd dilution, every hour, and inhalation of the same. Phytolacca.-Considerable headache; back and limbs. ache; loss of appetite; great prostration after delirium; swallowing almost impossible; white or greyish false mem- brane on tonsils and palate, which are swollen and violently inflamed; pulse very rapid and small; albuminous urine. Two drops of strong tincture every hour, with a gargle or local applica- tion of Calvert's Medicinal Carbolic Acid, 1 part of acid to 200 of water. Mercurius (Proto-Iodidi).—When the swelling of the glands under the jaw and neck, and fetor of breath, are early or continuously observable. One grain, 3rd trituration, every four hours. Muriatic Acid.-When the grey colour of the exudation increases, notwithstanding the Phytolacca and Carbolic Acid: the breath is excessively foul; the lips are dry, blackish, and cracked; the tongue dry and dark-red, or covered with viscid phlegm; moaning; hoarseness; the disease is beginning to invade the windpipe and the nose, from which there is a darkish fetid discharge; the ex- tremities are cold; the pulse very compressible. Two drops of 1st dilution every hour, with a gargle of forty drops of 1st dilution to half a pint of water. Hydrastis. Increasing debility; great sinking and pros- tration at the pit of the stomach; continual palpitation of the heart; gurgling of the bowels; eructations; nose stuffed up; excessive secretion of thick mucus from the nose, with 2 G 2 442 CROUPAL DIPHTHERIA. long tenacious shreds or pieces; hoarseness; the nose towards the throat is especially stuffed up. One drop of strong tincture every two hours, with an injection of forty drops of strong tincture to half a teacupful of water, syringed up the nose, every two hours. In Croupal Diphtheria, when the disease begins to invade the windpipe, give Bromine, which causes inflammation of the throat, with an exudation like that of diphtheria, and is adapted to remove such a condition, attended by febrile disturbance and heat of skin. One drop of 2nd dilution every hour, with inhalation of the vapour of Bromine, as ordered for Baptisia. Kali Bich.-Croupy cough, preceded by wheezing and panting; circumscribed aching pain in the chest; uneasiness in the stomach; nausea; restlessness; heat of the hands and feet followed by perspiration. Adapted, also, for cases where the Hydrastis is not sufficient; discharge from the nostrils of yellow corrosive mucus streaked with blood. One grain, 6th trituration, every hour. Ammonia Caust.-Great redness of the whole mucous tract, back of the throat, and windpipe, with patches of false membrane here and there; the prostration and ex- haustion are very great. One grain, 2nd trituration, every hour, and local internal application. Arsenicum Iodidi. Great puffy swelling of the throat and neck; the odour of the breath is putrid; rapid and extreme prostration. One grain, 1st trituration, every quarter of an hour, with vapour of the same. Gelseminum.-Loss of power in the throat, remaining after an attack of diphtheria. One drop, 3rd dilution, every four hours. A case of diphtheria is too serious a matter to be managed without the advice and supervision of a Homœopathic physician, if the services of one can possibly be secured. GENERAL OR CONSTITUTIONAL DISEASES. 443 Inasmuch as this cannot always be managed, the treatment has been fully given. As an early and very serviceable application, glycerine may be brushed gently over the false palate and back of the throat. Ice to suck is most agreeable in any stage of the malady. A child has a better chance of recovery if removed from the house in which it was taken ill. The strength must be sedulously watched; and as soon as it begins the least to fail, nourishment and stimulants must be freely administered: the child must be made to take them; beef-tea and chicken-broth, made according to direc- tions (page 349); egg and milk beaten up together, with a little pale brandy, glycerine, and milk. In very extreme cases, beef-tea and brandy, a teaspoonful of each one quarter of an hour, and the medicine the next quarter of an hour. Frequent tepid spongings of the whole body; a tepid pack for half-an-hour twice a day; friction; frequent change of linen; the floors washed daily with Condy's fluid; abundance of fresh air, and free ventilation in the chamber and through- out the house. CHAPTER VII. GENERAL OR CONSTITUTIONAL DISEASES. SCROFULA; THE DISEASES TO WHICH IT GIVES RISE; SPECIALLY- RICKETS; GENERAL WASTING, AND WHITE-SWELLING; HIP-DISEASE ; RHEUMATISM, AND DISEASE OF THE HEART CONNECTED THEREWITH. ANY notice of the diseases of children would be incomplete without a reference to such affections of constitutional origin as are not included in any to which we have hitherto directed attention. Foremost amongst these, as comprehending a considerable number which are constantly recurring, is scrofula. 444 GENERAL DISEASES OF CHILDREN-SCROFULA. Scrofula is a term often used, in a far too restricted sense, to torpid swelling of the glands of the neck, and to chronic abscesses of the same; to old open sores on various parts of the body. It is vastly more than all this: it is the source whence these, with many other affections, spring ;-tubercular inflammation, and consumption of the bowels; tubercular in- flammation of the brain; some forms of ophthalmia, or in- flammation of the eyes; white-swelling of the joints; rickets, and some other diseases of the bones. Many of the results of scarlatina and measles-the worst forms of those diseases themselves, as well as diphtheria, are largely in some cases, and in others altogether, accounted for by a scrofulous or strumous constitution: not to mention a liability to take cold in the head; a tardiness of the flesh to heal after cuts or other injuries; a proneness to festers and sores here and there, and the frequency and obstinacy of chilblains. No parent likes to have it considered that her children possess such a constitution; and yet, whilst the results are so extensive and important, the tendency or diathesis itself is largely susceptible of counteraction and eradication by fresh air, plain regular diet, and exercise. By injudicious- ness and neglect, you may foster it indefinitely; by continu- ous common-sense management, you may as largely sub- due it. Scrofulous children are broadly divisible into two classes— those of dark, dusky, coarse feature, heavy and sluggish in their movements, intellectually dull; and those of bright rosy complexion, fair, with fine skin and hair, highly ner- vous, susceptible, sharp, and precocious. Both are easily fatigued by exertion or excitement; soon take cold; the stomach and bowels are easily deranged; the appetite is fit- ful and capricious; they rapidly lose flesh; soon get pasty and flabby; and they do not soon shake off any ailment of which they are the subjects. Rickets, white-swelling of the joints, and disease of the bones, are all that will need examination in this chapter, as several of the scrofulous affections have been already noticed, and others will be referred to hereafter. Rickets most commonly manifests itself in the second year GENERAL DISEASES OF CHILDREN-RICKETS. 445 of life, in a tardy formation of bone; the wrists and the ankles are cartilaginous, and manifestly large and dispropor- tionate; the long bones of the legs are weak, and soon get bowed, give way, or are altogether useless as supports. The child is altogether backward; pale and fretful; very often perspires considerably about the head whenever it sleeps; its appetite is queer; its powers of assimilation weak; its bowels are large and disordered, and it frequently makes a strange clucking, catching noise, succeeded by spasm of the throat, and stoppage of the breath. It commonly has a strange habit of kicking off the bed-clothes at night: if too young to walk, it always sits very heavily in the nurse's arms; if older, it either makes no attempt to walk, or is soon "taken off its feet." As the disease advances, the spine, breast-bone, ribs, and pelvis become distorted; a slow fever sets in, with cough, quick breathing, and general wasting. Rickets is unquestionably of constitutional origin, called forth or aggravated by improper diet, impure air, and damp, cold, ill-ventilated dwellings. The cause is at other times the health of one or both parents, their unhealthy occu- pation, hereditary disease, or want of nervous and vital force. Chamomilla. Great fretfulness; large abdomen; very offensive relief from the bowels; sometimes diarrhoea. One drop, 3rd dilution, every four hours. Pulsatilla.-Mild, tearful disposition, and fair com- plexion; slimy diarrhoea, or constipation. One drop, 3rd dilution, every four hours. Nux Vomica. For passionate, high-spirited, dark, bilious children; discomfort after food; restless nights; constipation. One drop, 3rd dilution, every four hours. Gelseminum.-For the irritative fever; flushed face; loss of strength; spasm of the throat, and crowing noise. One drop, 3rd dilution, every four hours. Calcarea. Enlarged abdomen; great perspiration about 446 GENERAL DISEASES OF CHILDREN-GENERAL WASTING. the head when sleeping-the pillow is quite damp with it; the child is backward in its development; the front part of the head is often imperfectly closed. One grain, 3rd trituration, every night. Phosphoric Acid.-Irritable weakness; general de- bility; easy perspiration; yellow, painless diarrhoea; milky urine. One drop, 3rd dilution, every four hours. Aletris.-Very much debilitated; disgust for all food, the least quantity of which causes distress, sometimes nausea, but no vomiting; constipation; emaciation; great inclina- tion for sleep. One drop, 3rd dilution, every four hours. Sulphur, a dose-one grain of 6th trituration at night, occasionally, as an intercurrent remedy. Podophyllum, Iris, Silicea, and Arsenic may also be called for by the constitutional symptoms. Great care must be exercised as to the diet-to have it plain and nourishing, adapted to the digestive powers of the child: its life must, as much as possible, be out of doors. Tepid bathing every day, medical friction and exercises for the limbs, with cod-liver oil once or twice a day, where there is no diarrhoea. Cod-liver oil jelly is a most admirable and palatable preparation. Pancreatic emulsion, or glycerine and milk, may suit other cases. General Wasting (Atrophy or Marasmus) is sometimes caused by the inappropriateness of the diet to which the child is confined: the digestive organs become so atrophied and weakened, that they are unable ultimately to assimilate the plainest food; or they may, from the very first of its existence, be in this debilitated condition; or again, some inherited taint of constitution may produce a similar result, until the little sufferer shall be a living skeleton. Now and then adults are met with in this condition ; infants and young children frequently come under notice. Baths twice a day of tepid oatmeal gruel; broth baths; cod-liver oil, both for anointing the body and to be WHITE-SWELLING SYNOVITIS-HOUSEMAID'S KNEE. 447 taken internally; cod-liver oil jelly; pancreatic revalenta; entire wheat flour and milk; glycerine and milk; very warm clothing; a mild, dry climate, and plenty of fresh air. Arsenic, Hydrastis, Baptisia, Chamomilla, and Sulphur in small doses, and at intervals not too frequently repeated, according to the symptoms. White-swelling of the joints is so called from the colour of the skin being unaltered; it is a chronic inflammation of the cartilages, membranes, or bones of which the joints are composed. Such inflammation may arise from scrofula, rheumatism, or syphilis-may be unaccompanied by pain, or pain may be the earliest and the most constant symptom, greatly aggravated by movement. The points to be determined are-the cause of the mischief, and the real seat of the affection, as guides to the local treat- ment; and the state of the constitution. The progress is usually slow and tedious; and such cases not unfrequently tax all the resources of professional skill, and should, if in any way attainable, be never undertaken without medical supervision. Absolute rest is sometimes requisite; in other cases, friction and passive movements Bryonia, Pulsatilla, Conium, Kali Hydriod., Mercurius, and Calcarea, are all variously indicated. Belladonna, if any throbbing or indications of gathering take place; with Silicea after. When the bones are affected, Nitric Acid and Sanguinaria. Sometimes the synovial membrane, as of the knee, is the seat of the derangement: there is great pain on move- ment; the cap is pushed forward by an elastic cushion. Bryonia, Mercurius, and Kali Hydriod., are the chief remedies, with complete rest. In House-maid's Knee, the swelling is in front, and not behind the cap-Pulsatilla, Conium, and Calcarea. Hip-disease is not simply the inflammation of the structures in and around the joint, but a thickening, and, if not checked, ultimate decay, of the cushion of cartilage on which the joint works. There is great pain; deformity of the limb from a thrusting outwards of the head of the $ 448 GENERAL DISEASES OF CHILDREN-RHEUMATISM. thigh bone; and sometimes the formation and discharge of matter, when the patient is not only worn by suffering, but weakened by the drain of the system. This affection may be mistaken for rheumatism; and scrofulous abscess in the neighbourhood of the joint may be taken for hip-disease. There is not simply pain on move- ment, but it is greatly intensified if the affected limb is pressed somewhat forcibly and quickly upwards. I have always found Chamomilla relieve the pain, however great; Bryonia, Conium, Pulsatilla, and Calcarea of very great. service; so that constitutional delicacy may be entirely overcome, all morbid processes checked, all danger of abscess obviated, and further deformity prevented. It is not possible to get the thickened, hardened cartilage absorbed and re- placed, nor the limb back to its original position. Rheumatism, both acute, as rheumatic fever, and chronic, is met with in children as well as in adults; not in the very young, but still in the growing youth of both sexes. The acute form, with fever, pains in the muscles, pains and swelling of the joints, may arise from a chill, from damp clothes, from getting wet, from lying on damp grass, especially when heated; or any similar causes, especially in those who inherit any tendency to rheumatism. In young people under eighteen or twenty years of age, even a slight attack of rheumatism may affect the heart, and leave behind permanent mischief; so that any feverish attack, with pains in the back or neck, in the limbs or joints, must not be considered of slight importance. It must be remembered that there is not usually excessive pain and great swelling in the case of the young; and that, though both may be met with, many so called "growing pains" are twinges of rheumatism, and should be treated accordingly. For Acute Rheumatism, or Rheumatic Fever, let the patient be put to bed between the blankets, and kept there until the attack quite subsides. The limbs and joints that are painful must be wrapped in wadding. Barley-water, toast-and-water, gruel, arrowroot, broth and tea, must be the diet; lemon can be taken, except when Aconite is used as a RHEUMATIC FEVER. 449 medicine. The heart is far less likely to be affected under Homœopathic than any other treatment. Aconite.-General feverishness; hot and dry skin; flushed face; pain in the head; trembling of the limbs; the pains in the limbs are tingling, pricking, and numbing; high- coloured urine; brick-dust sediment. One drop, 3rd dilution, every two hours, and at night, if extremely restless and feverish. Bryonia.-Bilious symptoms; tearing, drawing, throb- bing pains-much worse by any movement; weariness; creeping chills; brown tongue; nausea; constipation; sallow complexion; sometimes copious perspiration, without relief. One drop, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Mercurius Vivus. Tired, weary feeling; soreness of the flesh; chilliness; coated, dirty-white tongue; thirst; sour- smelling perspiration; headache; turbid urine, with strong smell and reddish sediment; the patient has a great inclina- tion to stretch. Half a grain, 6th trituration, every three hours. Chamomilla.-Heat in the face; unquenchable thirst; bilious taste in the mouth; nausea; restlessness; drawing, tearing pains, with numbness; soreness, and excessive weari- ness in the joints, ligaments, or bones;-worse every night; great irritability. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every two or three hours. Gelseminum.-Pain, specially in the arms and calves of the legs; it is deep-seated; is of a drawing, sharp, shooting character, with restlessness and chilliness. One drop, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Belladonna.-Stiffness and pain of the joints or muscles of the back, or of the side of the neck; the affected parts are puffy, and look shining; evening aggravation; the pains are drawing, tearing, or creeping; sudden shocks darting through the joints, or through the head. One drop, 3rd dilution, every three hours. 450 RHEUMATIC FEVER-DERBYSHIRE NECK. Cimicifuga.-Weakness, trembling, drowsiness; creep- ing chills; great restlessness, with disposition to throw the clothes off; pulse quick, weak, and sometimes irregular; great nervous irritation, with sleeplessness; pain may come on in paroxysms, or return periodically. One drop, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Nux Vomica.—Strong-smelling perspiration, with chilli- ness, heat, and flushed face; tongue yellowish, or greyish, with disagreeable taste; nausea; pain in the head; oppres- sion at the chest; palpitation; constipation; dark-yellow urine, with whitish or brown sediment; irritable pulse. One drop, 3rd dilution, every three hours. If any difficulty of breathing, oppression at the chest, pain and uneasiness in the left side, are observed- Aconite, a dose every hour, will generally subdue it. Bryonia, Mercurius, and Gelseminum also apply to, and usually prevent, any secondary heart affection. Cactus must be given if there are sharp pains in various parts of the chest; difficulty of breathing, sometimes periodi- cally; feeling of suffocation; cold perspiration on the face. One drop, 3rd dilution, every two hours. Derbyshire Neck, Goitre, or Bronchocele.-Enlargement of one or both lobes of the thyroid gland in the front of the neck, is very common in certain parts of the country, as the name implies: water impregnated with lime is specially answerable for its production. It is, however, met with in other localities, is always an eyesore, and may become a serious inconvenience. Water for drinking purposes must be rain-water filtered; such only must be used. Young girls should wear a necklace day and night, made of Derbyshire spar, or large coral, and take Spongia-a grain of 6th trituration every other night, and a dose of Sulphur occasionally. Should these, after a fair trial of a month or two, fail, let Iodine, one drop of 3rd dilution every third night, be substituted for the Spongia. 451 CHAPTER VIII. DISEASES OF THE EYE. INFLAMMATION OF THE EYES, OR OPHTHALMIA; INFLAMMATION OF THE EYELIDS; STYES. AFFECTIONS of the eye, from accident, cold, or strumous con- stitution, are very common in children. The action of Homœopathic remedies will be found rapid: and there is this advantage-that the improvement, from the nature of the organs implicated, can be watched in its progress. Inflammation of the Eye, or Ophthalmia, is by far the most common of all the diseases to which it is liable. The inflammation may result from dust or any irritating substance having got into the eye. Increased lachrymation being insufficient to dislodge, remove the offender as soon as possible. This can easily be effected by a little coolness and à steady hand. Pull down the lower lid, or evert the upper the grit or dust will be usually found closely adherent to the upper lid; it can be taken off carefully by the point of a needle or small knife. Give Aconite, half a drop, 3rd dilution, every half-hour, and bathe the eye freely with tepid milk-and-water. The use of the Eye Douche, or Irrigator, is also very agree- able and beneficial in this and all kinds of ophthalmia; during the continuance of which, tight bandages, and poul- tices of all kinds, should be sedulously avoided. A tepid bandage, covered lightly with a bit of flannel, is often of great service: a green shade is frequently required in tedious cases. Aconite.-Inflammation from a cold or draught; if the pain is severe. Half a drop, 3rd dilution, every hour. Belladonna, if the pain subsides, but the redness and intolerance of light is about the same. Half a drop every two or three hours. 452 OPHTHALMIA-INFLAMMATION OF THE EYES. Euphrasia, if the flow of tears is considerable and scald- ing from the eyes, and rolls down th e nose, with sneezing. Half a drop every two hours. - Mercurius.-Tearing, boring in and around the eyes; evening and night exacerbation; tears; indistinct sight, and mucus, which dries on the lashes during sleep. Half a grain, 6th trituration, every three or four hours. Pulsatilla.-Inflammation of the eyes, with stiffness or redness of the lids; profuse lachrymation, and mucous secre- tion; agglutination of the eyelids; dread of light, and some- times gastric-bilious symptoms. Half a drop, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Nitric Acid.-Inflammation, leaving specks, flat ulcers, or dark spots; there is smarting, burning pain, or itching, especially after the abuse of Mercury. Half a drop, 6th dilution, every six hours. Calcarea. Useful in delicate constitutions, when the in- flammation threatens to return; aching, with itching or burning; sharp pains, aggravated by reading or artificial light; redness and lachrymation; specks and ulcers, with dread of light, or mistiness of the sight. A grain, 6th trituration, every six hours. Sulphur.-Pressure as from sand, or itching and burning in the eyes and eyelids, with redness; inflammation of the deeper structures of the eye, with distorted pupils; specks or ulcers on the cornea, with dimness of sight; watering of the eyes in the open air; dryness in a room. A grain, 6th trituration, every six hours. Hepar.-Redness of the eyes and lids-sore when touched; sight at times dim, at others clear; pressure in the eyeball, as if it would start out of the head; specks and ulcers on the cornea, and pimples round the eyes; lachrymation; nightly agglutination. A drop, 3rd dilution, every four hours. f OPHTHALMIA -INFLAMMATION OF THE EYELIDS. 453 Hydrastis. Obstinate inflammation; the eyelids much swollen; abundant mucous secretion; threatening ulceration, especially after exposure to harsh, dry winds. A drop, 3rd dilution, every three hours, with lotion. Inflammation of the Eyelids. Aconitum.-Swollen; hard and red, with heat, burning, and dryness; or pale, shining, and swollen, with burning pains, and stiffness. One drop, 3rd dilution, every two hours. Belladonna.-Swelling and redness of the lids, with burning and itching; constant agglutination; bleeding on opening the eyes; there may be a turning-out of the lids, or great paralytic weakness of the lids. Half a drop, 3rd dilution, every four hours. ; Euphrasia. Ulceration of the margins of the lids itching in the day-time, and agglutination at night; redness; swelling; dread of light; constant winking; symptoms of cold in the head; headache, or heat in the head. One drop, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Argentum Nit. The lids are as red as blood; increased secretion of tears and gum; in the morning the eye is closed with crusts of dry gum, that have to be soaked before they can be removed and the eye opened; weakness of the sight. Half a grain, 6th trituration, every six hours. Pulsatilla, Hepar, Sulphur, and Calcarea, also apply to inflammation of the lids. Styes.-Pustules, or small boils, frequently form on the lids of scrofulous children: as they are slow in maturing, some little trouble may arise from them. Bathe frequently with warm water, and give Pulsatilla, half a drop, 3rd dilution, twice a day; and Hepar, half a drop, 3rd dilution, or one pilule night and morning. Administer Silicea and Calcarea occasionally, to eradicate the disposition to them. Warts on the Eyelids.-Touch occasionally with Kreosote: 454 SQUINTING-AFFECTIONS OF THE EAR. if obstinate, pencil Thuja on, and give it internally; followed by a dose or two of Sulphur. Pediculi on the Eyelashes.-Careless and dirty nurses may permit these loathsome and irritating insects; they have the appearance, at a little distance, of dried gum on the lash. Carbolic Acid, dried snuff, and spermaceti ointment, with Mercurius, half a grain, 6th trituration, night and morning, for a few times. Dropping of the Eyelid, chiefly of the upper, from paralysis of the muscle, or an affection of the nerves: it sometimes follows exposure to the sun, sudden exertion, great excitement, blows on the head, or concussion. Gelseminum, half a drop of 3rd dilution every six hours; followed by Conium, if necessary. Squinting (Strabismus) may be produced by imitation ; by some defect in one or other of the eyes; and it may be a symptom of disease, as water on the brain. If it have a nervous or muscular origin, and be tolerably recent, Bella- donna, Stramonium, and Gelseminum; with Hydrastis if it is accompanied with opacity of any part of the cornea. Administer a dose every other night, and give each medicine. a fair trial. If medicine is insufficient, a division of the affected muscles, under chloroform, must be had recourse to. CHAPTER IX. WAX FROM DEAF-DUMBNESS. AFFECTIONS OF THE EAR. EARACHE; NEURALGIA" OF THE EAR; INFLAMMATION AND ABSCESS; DISCHARGES FROM THE EAR; DEAFNESS FROM ACCUMULATION OF OF DISEASE THE EAR; FROM THROAT AFFECTION ; CHILDREN Sometimes put peas, beans, beads, grains of corn, bits of pencil, and other small articles, into their ears. Syringing with tepid water will sometimes dislodge them; if AFFECTIONS OF THE EAR-EARACHE. 455 not, they must be very carefully taken out by small tweezers, or a proper-shaped scoop. The sensation of something in the ear may be produced by hardened brown wax, which must be softened by glycerine, dropped in at night, and then syringed out in the morning. Great care must be used in taking anything from the ear, so as not to injure it. For the same reason, children should never be allowed to poke pins or other things into their ears. Earache-Acute Pain in the Ear-may be occasioned by inflammation; by foreign substances or insects in the ear; by some affection of the head; or it may be rheumatic, purely neuralgic, or arise from decayed teeth. In children it is often very severe, and may cause delirium or con- vulsions. Aconite.-Earache, from exposure to a cold wind; from sudden checking of perspiration; from the driving-in or retrocession of an eruption, especially behind the ears; the pain is beating, throbbing, or tearing; any noise is almost intolerable. Half a drop, 3rd dilution, every half-hour. Belladonna.-Sharp, stabbing, boring, digging pains, ex- tending to the throat; sensitiveness to noise and light; ringing, buzzing, and roaring in the ears; red-hot face; headache. Half a drop, 3rd dilution, every half-hour. Gelseminum.-Neuralgic earache, or from cold; pain coming on in frequent paroxysms-relieved somewhat by pressing the hand to the ear and head; great fear; pains of a shooting character, extending to the eyes and jaws, with stiffness. Half a drop, 3rd dilution, every hour. Chamomilla.-Sharp, shooting, intolerable pains-draw- ing, and as though they stretched the ear; the pain extends to the lobe of the ear; ear dry, as if stopped up; great sen- sitiveness to noise and music; ill-humour. Half a drop, 2nd dilution, every half-hour. - 4 2 H 456 DISCHARGES FROM THE EARS. ༄་ Spigelia.-Aching, and pains as if a large nail were sticking in the ear; the pains extend to the bones of the face. Half a drop, 3rd dilution, every hour. Pulsatilla.-Darting, tearing pains, affecting the whole side of the head, and almost depriving the patient of his reason; a feeling as if something would force its way through the ears; the outer ear is red-hot, and swollen. Half a drop, 3rd dilution, every half-hour. Mercurius.-The ear, and the entrance to it, is painful and inflamed; boring and tearing pains-worse at night; the bones of the head are tender. Half a grain, 6th trituration, every two hours. Discharges from the Ears (Otorrhea) should never be neglected as of no consequence, or left to get well of them- selves: serious consequences and permanent deafness may ensue. Such discharges may vary in character; they may be simply matter (pus), which may be fetid or mixed with blood; the discharge may be of a dirty-brown colour, and extremely offensive; they may arise simply from inflammation, as a sequel of scarlatina, measles, or small-pox, or from the pre- sence of growths in the ear; they may be associated with disease of the bones of the internal ear, or they may be nothing but increased and altered wax (cerumen). Pulsatilla.-Discharge of yellow matter, of matter and blood, or of fetid, yellowish pus, especially after measles, or in scrofulous children; or with hard aching pain at every change of matter, as though the ear would be pulled out. Half a drop, 3rd dilution, every two hours. Mercurius Vivus.-Discharge of pus from the ear, or pus and blood, with noises, as buzzing or fluttering. Half a grain, 6th trituration, every three hours. Nitric Acid.-Painful tension in the inside of the head; } WAX OF THE EAR-DEAFNESS. 457 the head feels as if surrounded by a tight bandage; purulent discharge, especially if of a syphilito-scrofulous character. Half a drop, 6th dilution, every three hours. Calcarea. Green, yellowish mucus; or with swelling, redness, and painfulness of the ear; deafness, from scrofu- lous constitution, or after fever. Half a grain, 6th trituration, every four hours. Hydrastis.-Thick discharge, resulting from growths in the ear; or of an obstinate nature, from debility; usually roaring or drumming in the ears. Half a drop, 3rd dilution, every four hours. Baptisia. Fetid, corrosive discharge, with dulness of hearing, and roaring in the ears; debility. Half a drop, 3rd dilution, every four hours. Aurum M.-Fetid, purulent, discoloured discharge, from disease of the bones of the ear. Half a grain, 6th trituration, every two hours. Wax of the Ear, Alterations in.-If it get hardened, which it frequently does so as to cause deafness, let a little glycerine be dropped in at bed-time, and the ear well syringed, so as to force the stream quite in, the next night. Considerably increased wax may be lessened by Conium, half a drop of 3rd dilution at bed-time; or Mercurius Vivus, half a grain for a dose. Calcarea, Ammon. Mur., and Silicea, also help to restore it to a natural character, when there is any deviation. Deafness may arise from inflammation of the ear-passage; from chronic thickening; from an accumulation of, or hardened wax; from debility, as after a fever; from a cold; from some throat affection; from enlarged tonsils; from a thickening of the membrane of the drum, or its partial or entire destruction; from disease of the bones of the ear; from an affection of the nerves of hearing; from malforma- tion. A consideration of these causes will suggest a cure for most of them. Pulsatilla and Hydrastis for recent and 1 2 H 2 458 AFFECTIONS OF THE URINARY ORGANS. J chronic cases; followed by Sulphur, Belladonna, and Mer- curius; and Mercurius Proto-iod. for throat deafness: Bap- tisia, when caused by debility after fever. Sanguinaria singing, beating, humming, with giddiness and determina- tion of blood to the head; deafness, with sometimes a pain- ful sensitiveness to sudden sounds. Gelseminum, China, or Arsenicum for nervous deafness. Deaf-dumbness is the inevitable result in the case of children born deaf, and is the dread of persons who have been nearly deaf for years. Special education may do much to lighten the burden of the former, and determined practice to avert so sad a termination in the case of the latter. CHAPTER X. AFFECTIONS OF THE GENERATIVE ORGANS. INFLAMMATION; RETENTION OF URINE; EXCESSIVE URINATION; WETTING THE BED; STONE IN THE BLADDer. INFLAMMATION of the generative organs, either in boys or girls, may be relieved by bathing with hot water and a few doses of Aconite, followed by Chamomilla. If there is retention of urine, with pain and ineffectual effort to pass it, a dose of Aconite, followed by one or two of Cantharis. Should these fail, Opium. Bathing with hot water will be as useful here as in inflammation. Passing an unusual quantity of water may be occasioned by a cold or excitement: if it continue, and be attended by debility, loss of spirits and flesh, give Squill., half a drop, 3rd dilution, twice a day, and Phosphoric Acid night and morning. If not soon relieved, consult a Homœopathic physician. Wetting the bed is often a most troublesome and obstinate affection, not only in children, but in young people of both sexes, up to eighteen years of age. It is not infrequently ¦ caused by thread-worms, when Cina and Mercurius will relieve. I have more often found Belladonna at night, in other cases, all I required. Triturations of Calcarea and Iron occasionally; Sulphur now and then; with Benzoic Acid if the water passed have a very strong odour. Gravel, or red sand deposit, may be relieved by Sarsa- parilla twice a day, and Lycopodium night and morning. Stone in the bladder is sometimes met with in children of three or four years of age and upwards. Its presence is attended by great irritation of the foreskin, or end of the penis; so that children get the habit of constantly pulling it. Where this is the case, particular notice should be taken if the child has any difficulty in passing water; if the stream suddenly stops; if he complains of his back hurting him. A tendency to stone is often inherited. When a child passes gravel, it should drink no water but soft, which has been previously filtered; have its diet strictly regulated, and the surface of the body kept warm by flannels near the skin. CHAPTER XI. SKIN AFFECTIONS. INFLAMMATION OF THE SKIN (ERYTHEMA); ERYSIPELAS; ROSE-RASH; NETTLE-RASH; HERPES; SUDAMINA; ECZEMA AND ITS VARIETIES. SKIN diseases have previously been considered at some length in the first part of this work; and attentive study of all that is there stated is essential to anything like an under- standing of the skin affections of children, and their treat- ment, which is neither so very complex nor difficult. Inflammation of the skin (erythema) may follow exposure to cold harsh winds, or the heat of the sun, the friction of clothes, or of the folds of the skin, as of the thighs in fat children; or it may arise from digestive derangement. 00 ERYSIP Bathing with thin oatmeal gruel, dusting with unscented violet powder, or an application of Calendula Glycerole, with Aconite, Veratrum Viride, or Chamomilla, every three hours. Erysipelas.-There is not only redness, but swelling, heat, and tingling, followed by thickening of the skin, or blisters; with constitutional symptoms, chills, fever, weakness, back- ache, headache, nausea, white-coated tongue; sometimes delirium and great debility. Aconite, Apis, Veratrum Viride, Rhus, and Arsenic, will be found to apply, envelop- ing the part in cotton-wool, well dusted with powdered starch. - Rose-rash occurs in patches of the colour its name implies; it may be mistaken for scarlatina, and is some- times called bastard measles; the constitutional symptoms, and those of the throat, of catarrh, or of the chest, are wanting the disturbance attending it is very slight, and it usually comes in summer. The tongue is not like a straw- berry, as in scarlet fever; nor do the nose and eyes run, as in measles; nor is there the cough. Aconite, followed by Chamomilla and Sulphur, control it. Nettle-rash-so termed from its appearance, and the irritation it causes-may follow a chill, or the changes of the seasons; or be produced by some article of diet, as shell-fish or mackerel: strawberries cause it in some people. Aconite. When attended by fever, it frequently dis- appears under this remedy alone. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Veratrum Viride. When the pain and tingling is more troublesome than the inflammation, and there is sickness and a faint feeling. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Antimonium Crudum.-When produced by shell-fish, blotches, wheals, and fever. Two grains, 6th dilution, every four hours. Rhus.-Small vesicular tubercles, resembling bites of HERPES-RINGWORM SHINGLES. 461 insects, particularly on the joints of the hands and feet, with purplish redness and swelling; intense irritation, made con- siderably worse by scratching. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Herpes is an inflammation of the skin, followed by small blebs or blisters—a familiar example of which is often seen at the corners and round the lips after a cold. Shingles is one of its varieties, which is seen under the arms and round the waist, and is attended by considerable pain of the cutaneous nerves of the part affected. Herpes only appears in round patches on various parts of the body, especially on the cheek and neck. Herpes on the Head, or Ringworm, deserves special notice, as it constitutes ringworm. It is seldom noticed in its stage of inflammation and vesicles; it produces but a slight tingling; the vesicles are followed by very little discharge, which soon dries up and forms small scales, rapidly renewed on being removed; the centre of the ring is elevated, and the patch may increase to the size of a five-shilling piece, rarely larger; there may be only one, or three or four such patches. The hair of the part becomes affected; it is bent on itself, and will not lie smooth soon it loses its natural appearance, resembles tow, and looks as though it had been cut or broken off to within a short distance of the head, so that the patch is never perfectly bald. It is the result of debility, under- feeding, and want of proper care. A generous diet, change of air, trituration of Sepia, or Tellurium, 6th, internally and externally, followed by Sulphur, will usually soon remove it. If it is obstinate, Sulphurous Acid may be used locally; frequent brushing and combing, and washing the head with juniper-tar soap. Ringworm develops no constitutional symptoms; it may prevail in a family or in a school from the causes specified, but it is not contagious. Shingles.—Inflamed herpetic patches, with the character- istic blebs, as though water had been sprinkled on; or like beads of perspiration, near the hip, round the side of the waist, on the abdomen, under one arm, on the shoulder, or 462 SKIN DISEASES-ECZEMA. on the neck, accompanied by a good deal of tingling and itching in old people; and sometimes, in others, by trouble- some and obstinate neuralgic pain. It is caused by a chill, as in cold winds, draughts, or damp, or digestive derange- ment. Cistus Canadensis.-Inflammation on various parts of the body, with little blisters, itching and tingling, and oozing after scratching them, and some hot swelling and pain. A drop of 3rd dilution every three hours, with Glycerole of the strong tincture. Aconite, if resulting from a chill; there is feverishness, restlessness, and burning itching, very troublesome and per- sistent. A drop of 3rd dilution every two hours; and a piece of linen, saturated with Aconite Liniment, laid over the part, or powdered starch, medi- cated with the medicine. Rhus. Burning, itching eruption of yellowish vesicles on red patches of the skin, in various parts of the body, with some swelling and painful uneasiness. Dose and application as for Aconite. Gelseminum.-Intense but transient itching of vesico- pustules; they are sore to the touch. Dose and application as for Aconite. Eczema.--Inflammation of the skin, followed or attended by oozing moisture, so that chafing of the thighs or neck, as soon as it begins to be moist and raw, ceases to be erythema- it becomes eczema. Eczema is by far the most common of all the skin affections to which children are liable; though sometimes, from a lengthened continuance, from irritation, picking, or scratching, its original characteristics may be difficult to recognise. It is a disease of debility, and is seen on the face, the head, behind the ears, on the bends of the joints, and around the pudenda, the eyebrows, the mouth and lips, the armpits, the breasts, the hands and feet, the palms of the hands, and the soles of the feet, and the fingers. ! SKIN DISEASES-ECZEMA-SCALD-HEAD. 463 It is sometimes accompanied by pustules and scales on the hands, the ends and joints of the fingers, the palms of the hands, and the corners of the mouth; by deep fissures on a reddened, thickened, coarse cuticle. When Eczema is attended by bran-like scales, it is tech- nically called Pityriasis; with violent itching, Psoriasis. When the discharge, instead of being thin, is thick and yellow -in fact, pus-it is termed Impetigo. The Milk-crust of infants and children is at first an Eczema, and then becomes Impetigo, with a thick yellow crust, though it is sometimes grey or brown, or blackish, from some oozing of blood. It is often caused by the state of the mother's milk, or errors in diet. Red-gown-Red-gum, or Strophulus.-Common on babies from being kept too warm, or seen as a tooth-rash. Is considered by Wilson as a variety of eczema. On the faces of delicate young women, it develops rather more of an ery- sipelatous character, as gutta rosacea. In Scald-head the hair gets matted together; crusts form on the scalp; which, on removal, leave the skin raw and oozing. Keep the hair well brushed and combed, the eruption bathed with thin oatmeal gruel, and solidified petroleum after- wards applied. Aconite.-Tingling, itching, burning, stinging, sore- ness; vesicles filled with serum or acrid fluid; redness, and inflammation of the parts. One drop, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Rhus.-Burning, itching vesicles, with redness; they run one into the other. One drop, 3rd dilution, every four hours. Mercurius.-Small, itching vesicles, that ulcerate, dry up, and desquamate; swollen spots, on which a flat, grey scurf forms; or a discharge of acrid humour; yellow skin. Two grains, 30th trituration, every six hours. Dulcamara.-Small itching pimples, forming a crust, or dry off like bran; specially if the result of being over-heated, 464 SKIN DISEASES. or exposure to damp, cold air; the glands are enlarged near the eruption. One drop, 3rd dilution, every four hours. Iris Versicolor.-Vesicles gradually forming pustules, which dry up, and leave a crust from exudation of lymph; underneath the scab it looks red, and bleeds if crust is removed. One drop, 3rd dilution, every four hours. Juglans.-Eczema and red-gum, with heat of the skin; crawling sensations, and chilliness; the discharge purulent and ichorous; the crusts hard and of some extent. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every four hours. Clematis.-Vesicular itch, like pustules; itch excessively in bed, or after washing; heat; redness; swelling; corrosive exudation. Adapted to inveterate eruptions (psoriasis). One drop, 3rd dilution, every four hours. Ol. Crotonis.-Eczema, with violent irritation of stomach and bowels; rash-like eruption, with vesicles, which soon enlarge and run together, ooze, and form a greyish-brown crust. One drop, 6th dilution, every four hours. Chamomilla.-Excoriated sore places in the groins or the folds of the neck; the nervous system is very sensitive and irritable; great sensitiveness to pain. One drop, 3rd dilution, every three hours. Arsenicum.-Eruption, like millet-seeds, with watery exudation; eruptions that scale off like bran, or in large patches (psoriasis and pityriasis); pain, burning, with itch- ing. • Half a grain, 6th trituration, every six hours. Sulphur.-Creeping, prickling, stinging, burning itch- VI- 465 ing; small vesicles with red margins; thick yellow scurf; swelling of glands; pityriasis; excoriations of the skin.* Two grains, 6th trituration, every six hours. For Milk-crust and Scald-head, in addition to the preced- ing remedies- MILK-CRUST-SMALL BOILS. Oleander.-Eruptions on the hairy scalp; at times humid, at others scaly, with burning itching; humid, fetid spots behind the ears, with red rough spots in front. One drop, 3rd dilution, every six hours. Viola Tricolor.-In chronic and obstinate cutaneous affections; milk-crust in children at the breast, or recently weaned; milk-crust, with cough and oppression at the chest; scald-head, with swelling and hardness of the cervical glands. One drop, 3rd dilution, every six hours. Pustules, or Small Boils, will be found to yield to- Hepar.-Pimples the size of a pea in different parts of the body; the slightest scratch or injury inclines to ulcera- tion or gathering; styes on the eyelids. Two drops, 3rd dilution, every four hours. Mercurius. Small, itching pimples, that ulcerate, dry up, and desquamate. Half a grain, 6th trituration, every six hours. Antim. Tart.-Pustules here and there over the body, or in blotches; painful and itching; from size of a pin's head to that of a pea; or round, large, full, burning, painful pustules. Half a grain, 6th trituration, every six hours. Croton. Redness of the skin; warmth; stinging here and there; intense itching; pustules of the size of a millet- seed, afterwards growing larger. One drop, 6th dilution, every four hours. Sulphur.-Creeping sensation on the skin; burning itching; small suppurating abscesses, or large pustules. One grain, 6th trituration, every six hours. * For other remedies, see Eczema, p. 108. 466 ITCH-CHILBLAINS. Itch (Scabies).-The remedies on the preceding page, with the application of Sulphur Ointment, or Sulphurous Acid, equally apply to this troublesome affection, which results from the presence of a parasite (the acarus) burrowing in the skin, and the irritation thereby set up. It is highly communicable, and is often given to children by nurse-maids not over cleanly in their persons. It chiefly affects the hand, and sympatheti- cally the bends of the joints, abdomen, fore-part and inside of the thighs and the feet, where there may be redness and heat, with vesicles, papules, and shallow pustules of con- siderable size, especially on the feet. The insect (the acarus) can be seen by an ordinary mag- nifying-glass, as a small, white, lustrous globe: its presence is the proof of itch, the irritation of which is most intense in the warmth of the bed. A roughness, with pimples between the fingers and about the wrists, with persistent itching, is suspicious. Use the Sulphur Ointment to the hands, and wash the rest of the body with Sulphur Soap, or Juniper-tar Soap, if it irritates, as recommended by Erasmus Wilson. : Chilblains are examples of erythema in their first stage. From checked vitality through cold, there is local inflam- mation and congestion; redness, swelling, tingling, and itching. Equal parts of strong Arnica Tincture and Glyce- rine, frequently and vigorously rubbed in, is one of the best applications but if this cannot be borne, let some Tamus Communis, or Black Bryony, be painted on. When the local congestion relieves itself by an exudation of watery fluid, and a blister results, Cantharides Lotion (twenty drops to a teaspoonful), covered by oiled silk, must be kept on to prevent the blister being rubbed off, and a broken chilblain ensuing. Arnica, or Calendula Cerate, on lint, must be put on if it should. In lymphatic constitutions, in those of scrofulous tendency and slow vitality, broken chilblains are often very trouble- some. Silicea, Hydrastis, Sanguinaria, Arsenicum, and Sulphur, alternately and locally, by ointment or lotion, will be of service, with attendance to the general health and diet. A dose of the selected medicine, night and morning. ACCIDENTS-ABRASIONS-BRUISES. 467 They may be taken, usually, in the order in which they stand, though each must have a fair trial. Gathered fingers are treated as abscesses, by Arnica and Hepar alternately, and tepid water compresses: no poul- ticing, but frequent bathing in hot Arnica-water. CHAPTER XII. ACCIDENTS. ABRASIONS OF THE SKIN; BRUISES; CUTS AND WOUNDS; BLEEDING, OR HÆMORRHAGE; NOSE-BLEEDING; DISLOCATIONS AND FRACTURES; BURNS AND SCALDS; SUN-STROKE; POISONS; ACCIDENTS FROM CHLO- ROFORM; STINGS OF INSECTS; BITES FROM SNAKES AND DOGS; HYDROPHOBIA; SUSPENDED ANIMATION. A WORK of this kind would not be complete without some directions for the management of those accidents to which all families are exposed, and on the occurrence of which it is advisable to know what to do. Abrasions of the Skin, if the extent is small, and the skin merely rubbed off, Calendula Plaister, or the painting-on of prepared Collodion will suffice. When occasioned by falls, and there is any dirt or grit in the wound, it must be first carefully bathed with warm water and a perfectly clean sponge, that every particle of offending substance may be got rid of. When accompanied by a bruise, especially on the forehead, bathe with hot water into which some Bellis has been put a teaspoonful to half a pint-and keep a lotion applied. Bruises from blows or falls, when the skin is not broken, are met by Arnica Lotion; if the skin is broken, by Bellis; if the face, near or under the eye, by Tamus Communis, or Arnica. After a severe fall or blow, it is better to let the child lie down, and to give it a drop of 3rd dilution of Arnica at once, followed by Aconite in half-an-hour, if " 468 there is any fever or restlessness. The nervous system, for a time, in some children, is considerably affected; and there is often sickness from the concussion of the shock. ACCIDENTS-CUTS AND WOUNDS-HÆMORRHAGE. Cuts and Wounds.-The same rule applies to these as to abrasions. If there are any bits of glass left in, or anything likely to cause irritation, it must first be washed out by cold water, and then the wound, if slight, closed by a piece or strips of Calendula Plaister: if deep, by a bit of linen or lint dipped in Calendula Lotion, and tied somewhat tightly by cotton or thread wound round. Haemorrhage, or Bleeding, may be often checked by Hama- melis Lotion, two teaspoonfuls of tincture to a teacupful of cold water; aided by pressure, as from thread if the wound is on the finger; by that of the band, succeeded by a roll or two of calico bandage of three fingers' breadth, which can easily be torn off as wanted, if it is on the hand, arm, or leg. If a finger, hand, or arm is deeply or badly cut, it must be kept in a sling, that the flow of blood may be moderated. If a leg, the patient must lie with the limb flat, or slightly elevated. Whenever blood simply oozes, runs, or drops from a wound, you may be sure it is only venous hæmorrhage, that pressure and rest, as advised above, will control; but if there be any spurting, an artery, though it may be but a small one, has been cut or injured: a finger or thumb must be firmly pressed down on it at once, and kept there until the bleeding stops. It is useful to remember that the main artery in the thigh and the arm runs straight down on the inner side, and that pressure on its course nearer the body than the wound speedily checks arterial hæmorrhage. The readiest plan is grasping with one hand or both, with the thumbs and fingers on the middle of the inside of the limb. But as hands are apt to get tired, and as doctors are not always at hand, a substitute offers itself in a twisted handkerchief long enough to go round and a little to spare, the knot made over the inner side and middle of the thigh or arm— -the key of the room, short ruler, a stout penholder, or even a wooden tobacco-pipe, put into the knot before it is tied: then tied, ACCIDENTS-NOSE-BLEEDING. 469 and the key made to twist the handkerchief up so as to tighten it as far as possible, and increase the pressure from the knot. In wounds of the inside of the palm of the hand, if deep, put on several small pieces of lint, one on the top of the other, the size gradually increasing to the outer one; press each one down firmly over all, place a piece of pasteboard or thin board, as a small box-lid, and make two or three turns of a roller-bandage over all, and round the hand, fastening the end with stitches instead of pins. Roller-bandages are frequently useful; and may be easily and cheaply made by tearing strips off one, two, or three- yard-lengths of tolerably stout calico; the width should be that of three fingers. Nose-bleeding, either from a blow or fall, or when coming on spontaneously, may soon subside, and require nothing more than bathing with cold water; or it may be so profuse to induce faintness, or take place so frequently as to weaken the constitution. For the arrest of a profuse or long-continued flow.-Rest, cold to the nose, forehead, neck, or back, so as to foster coagulation, and the constriction of the blood-vessels of the lining membrane of the nose, is usually sufficient. Give a drop of 3rd dilution, Arnica, every half-hour, especially after a blow or fall. If it continue oozing, and run into the throat as well, substitute Hamamelis, every half-hour. Should this be insufficient, Trillium, a drop of 3rd dilution of either every hour, and injection of the same. Aconite may be required if there is restlessness and feverishness; Belladonna if the bleeding has been preceded by frontal fulness and throbbing headache. Bleeding after the extraction of a tooth, in some consti- tutions, or exceptionally in any, may set in to an alarming, or, at all events, a debilitating extent. Plug the hollow firmly with cotton-wool soaked with strong Hamamelis, and give a drop of 3rd dilution every hour. If obstinate, substitute Matico on the cotton-wool, and give Trillium internally. Dislocations and Fractures.-It is often important to 470 ? 建 ​ACCIDENTS-FRACTURES. know, after an accident, whether either of these have been sustained, and which; and to know how to move a patient to a house or bed with safety and expedition. As a general rule, it must be remembered, that when a joint is put out or dislocated, there is distortion observable if the one joint is compared or felt, in contrast with its fellow; inability of the patient to use it; and great agony if any movement of it is attempted. If the patient has to be lifted, should the hip or ankle be the seat of injury, let it be done as gently as possible, on a shutter, stiff mattress, or board-the injured limb being pillowed up in the easiest possible position: on that let him lie until a doctor arrives ; give a drop of 3rd dilution of Arnica every half-hour, and keep cloths constantly wet with Arnica lotion on the injured joint. If it is the shoulder, elbow, or wrist, let the arm be put into a sling, made of a pillow-case or large handkerchief; the same medicine given, and lotion applied: a dose or two of Aconite, if there is fever and thirst, until a doctor gets there, and even afterwards, if you cannot have the advantage of Homœopathic attendance. Fractures, or broken bones, are not always easy to dis- tinguish if a principal bone is broken, it is more easy; or if both the bones of the leg, or of the arm below the elbow, are fractured, there is great tenderness; increased ease of moving the limb about below and at the seat of injury; frequently the flesh is also considerably injured; there is bruising and bleeding, perhaps protrusion of the bone. It is a simple fracture when the bone alone is broken; compound when the skin is broken and the flesh injured. Great care should be exercised in the examination and movement of a patient after an injury or accident, lest the end of a broken bone should be forced through the skin or the flesh, blood- vessels or nerves be injured. A broken limb can always be readily but carefully tied, by a bandage or handkerchief, to the sound limb; a broken arm to the side of the body, or across the chest, another handkerchief being wound round the immediate seat of injury. A long bag filled with sand forms a support after the patient is moved to bed, until a surgeon arrives. An ordinary hat-box, with the bottom ACCIDENTS-BURNS AND SCALDS. 471 knocked out, and the side cut through, makes an extem- porised guard, to keep the bed-clothes off. Trousers, coats, and other articles of clothing, are better cut away, and not dragged off. Two drops of strong Arnica, in water, is the best possible stimulant immediately after an accident, until reaction and fever set in—then Aconite. If the wound causes much irri- tation, Gelseminum. If the nerves of the part have been torn or injured, Hypericum. For Sprains and Strains-Rhus Lotion and Rhus inter- nally; or Bellis, if any discoloration ensue. Burns and Scalds.-The treatment of these is identical, as the effects are the same. They are serious in proportion to their situation, depth, extent, and the amount of shock and nervous prostration attendant thereon: so that we have local symptoms and constitutional disturbance to treat. If a third part of the body of a child be burnt or scalded, even superficially, recovery is very rare. For this reason, and the amount of disfiguration sometimes resulting, too much care cannot be exercised in preventing children play- ing with lucifer-matches, lighted candles, or fire, in any shape. In nurseries, large and stout fire-guards should always be used. Children should never be allowed to drink from teapot- spouts or jugs, as many severe accidents have arisen from their attempting to do so from kettles, from teapots, or jugs filled with scalding liquid. It is best not to allow them to help themselves to drink of any kind, except what is specially provided or set for their use, as corrosive acids, apparently as harmless, and resembling water, tea, or coffee in appearance, may occasionally be unavoidably about. Burns and scalds may produce simple inflammation, in- flammation and blisters, or inflammation, blisters, and destruction of flesh or tissue. For inflammation, simply dust the part immediately with flour, cover it over with cotton-wool, and give two drops of 3rd dilution of Aconite, every quarter, half-hour, or hour. For inflammation and blisters, Aconite internally, and Cantharides lotion externally, covered by cotton-wool. 2 I 472 SUN-STROKE-POISONS. For inflammation and loss of substance, bits of linen smeared with equal parts of linseed oil and lime-water, or Causticum Lotion. The linen must not be removed, but kept moistened from the outside, for twelve or twenty-four hours, a layer of cotton-wool being over all. Aconite in- ternally at first. Opium, a drop of 3rd dilution, if the patient gets drowsy. When discharge sets in, give Hepar; followed by Silicea. Hydrastis, internally and locally, proves serviceable in obstinate cases. In the drinking of boiling fluid, or corrosive acids, such as oil of vitriol, the injury is confined to the mouth and the upper part of the throat and windpipe. The parts, as far as they can be easily reached, must be kept moistened by a feather dipped in milk or milk-and-water, and Aconite and Cantharis given alternately every hour. Injuries from gunpowder to be treated as ordinary burns. For the shock to the nervous system, Gelseminum may be substituted; Aconite only partially relieves. Death may ensue from inflammation of the lungs, on ulceration of the bowels: attention must therefore be paid to difficult or hurried breathing, and Phosphorus given alternately with Aconite. Sun-stroke.-Loss of consciousness, and an apoplectic condition, following exposure to extreme heat in summer. This condition is quite as likely to occur on a dull hot day, or under a bright sun. Aconite if the face is pale-a drop of 3rd dilution every ten minutes, with heat to the feet and hands, if cold. Belladonna if the face is flushed; and Glonoine for the headache and after-effects, every two or three hours. For Stings of Bees and Wasps-a lotion of Ledum, a tea- spoonful to three parts of a teacupful of water, with Aconite and Ledum alternately every half-hour or hour. Apis for puffy, shining swelling. Poisons may be taken by children, from their similarity to substances with which they are familiar, and of which they may be fond. I have known arsenic taken by a child for powdered sugar; in adulterated and highly-coloured sweets and comfits; from these having accidentally become mixed up with articles of food, as arsenic for flour in pud- POISONING. 473 dings and bread; from soups and other things being allowed to stand in brass saucepans, and thereby becoming contami- nated with verdigris, or acetate of copper; or as poisonous. fruits, berries, or leaves. Care should, therefore, be exer- cised in all families in reference to these matters. Poisonous matters may act locally, as destructive or as violent irritants to the stomach and bowels; or by absorp- tion entering into the circulation; on the nervous system or circulation, so as to produce serious derangement or death. According to their nature, if likely to corrode and prove locally destructive, as Oil of Vitriol, Spirits of Salts, and such acids generally, dilution and neutralisation must be aimed at, by giving chalk, or the plaster of the ceiling or walls of a room rubbed into powder, and mixed pretty thickly with water, or soap-and-water; afterwards milk and milk-and-water, or flour-and-water, as much as can be taken, followed by Aconite. To prevent absorption by rapid ejection from the stomach by vomiting, which is to be excited by putting the finger down the throat, tickling the throat with a feather, or draughts of mustard and warm water; followed by ten grains of Sulphate of Zinc, or the same quantity of Ipecacuanha in powder, or one grain of Tartar Emetic, procured from the nearest chemist's;-use these in the case of Arsenic, White- lead, or Sugar of Lead, Opium, Laudanum, or Strych- nine, or poisonous fruits, flowers, or leaves. The action of the emetic should be kept up by repeated draughts of warm water, or milk-and-water. Strong Alkalies, such as Soda and Potash.-Give vinegar- and-water; almond or oil. Oxalic Acid.-Chalk or plaster in water; afterwards milk and other mild fluids. Corrosive Sublimate, and other preparations of Mercury.— White of eggs, beaten up with water; strong tea. Blue Vitriol, or Verdigris.-White of eggs with water; sugar-and-water. Antimony. Large quantities of warm water or milk; followed by strong tea. Lunar Caustic (Nitrate of Silver).—Warm salt-and-water. is 212 474 POISONINGSNAKE AND DOG-BITES. White Vitriol, or Sulphate of Zinc, in poisonous quantities. Milk, and carbonate of soda in water. Lead, whether White-lead or Sugar of Lead.-Emetics; carbonate of soda in water; milk, and milk-and-water. Laudanum, Opium, and other narcotics.-Emetics; dash- ing cold water on the face; strong coffee; forced exercise by constant walking. By persistence in a course of exercise, I have seen patients come round after all hope had apparently expired, and long after they were able to be done anything to, but dragged rapidly, supported by two persons, backwards and forwards across a room. Prussic Acid.-Hartshorn, or powdered ammonia, from a smelling-bottle to be smelled, or taken very often in small quantities; dashing with cold water; galvanism. Strychnine.-Emetics; warm water; decoction of gall- nuts; strong tea. Chloroform, or other anesthetic.-Loosen everything about the patient's neck; lay him flat on his back, and apply galvanism. Poisoning by mistake has not unfrequently happened by strong lotions being taken instead of medicines; by mistakes in compounding Allopathic medicines; by over-doses, as of strychnine, prussic acid, laudanum, or morphia. Such accidents are extremely unlikely to take place under Homœo- pathy-in fact, are almost impossible. Poisoning from Paperhangings.-Children are often slowly poisoned by bright-green arsenical paperhangings; their bowels are deranged; they complain of their eyes or throats; or they may have skin affections from this cause only. Have the walls stripped, then treat the constitutional symptoms. Snake-bites. Apply and give hartshorn or ammonia. In some cases of poisoning by laurel-leaves, and acrid and irritating seeds, I have found Arsenic, in frequent doses, of immense service. Bites from Dogs, in ordinary cases, to be treated by Ledum, internally and externally. If there is the least sus- picion, either suck or cauterise the wound, and keep the patient under Belladonna. If the dog is really rabid, and SUSPENDED ANIMATION-DROWNING. 475 hydrophobia is dreaded, burn the bitten part with a red- hot knitting-needle, or iron skewer, and give six drops of 1st. dilution of Gelseminum every hour or half-hour. Stra- monium and Scutellaria have also proved of service. Suspended Animation, as from hanging or drowning.- In cases of hanging or strangling, cut or unfasten im- mediately any cord, handkerchief, or whatever else may be confining the neck, and then try to restore breathing and circulation by Marshall Hall's method, as after drowning. . Drowning.-As soon as the child is taken from the water, lay it flat on its side, take hold of the arm on one side, and move it half round, pressing the arm to the chest; then move it back again, the limbs being mean- while, as much as possible, rubbed by a bystander. In winter this should be done on a mattress, or in a warm room, if possible. ¡ } APPENDIX TO THE CHAPTER ON PREGNANCY. DESBERGER'S : LADIES' PERPETUAL CALENDAR: WITH ALTERATIONS FROM PETERS "DISEASES OF MARRIED FEMALES." The use of the following Calendar will enable a tolerably correct reckoning to be kept. It is a Calendar for nine months. From the commencement, the middle of the term, or time of quickening, the end or delivery may be determined; or a lady may know when to expect her confinement from the middle term or quickening. $ : 478 LADIES' CALENDAR. BEGINNING. JANUARY. 1 Harold 2 Abel 3 Enoch 4 Titus 5 Simeon 6 Laura 7 Percy 8 Lucian 9 Caspar 10 Paul 11 Amy 12 Reynolds 13 Hilarius 14 Felix 15 Albert 16 Marcellus 17 Anthony 18 Priscilla 19 Ferdinand 20 Fabian 21 Agnes 22 Vincent • 23 Herbert 24 Timothy 25 Bertrand 26 Polycarp 27 Florence 28 Charles 29 Samuel 30 Maude Mary 31 Mary Eleanor JANUARY. MIDDLE. MAY. 20 Frances 21 Prudence 22 Helena 23 Alfred 24 Esther 25 Urban 26 Augustine 27 Bede 28 William 29 Maximilian 30 Edward 31 Ellen JUNE. 1 Lilian 2 Florence 3 Erasmus 4 Rosa 5 Richard 6 Lilly 7 Lucretia 8 Mark 9 Benjamin 10 Thomas 11 BARNABAS 12 Jemima 13 Richard 14 Samuel 15 Frederick 16 Justina 17 Alban 18 Paulina 19 Gervase END. OCTOBER. 8 Ephraim 9 Denyson 10 Amelia 11 Dennis 12 Fritz 13 Edward 14 William 15 Edwin 16 Alphonso 17 Etheldred 18 LUKE 19 Ptolemy 20 Wilkie 21 Ursula 22 Martha 23 Severus 24 Solomon 25 Louis 26 Clara 27 Sabina 28 SIMON 29 Kate 30 Sarah 31 Joseph NOVEMBER. 1 Mary 2 Thomas 3 Augustus 4 Charlotte 5 Eric 6 Leonard 7 Alexander LADIES' CALENDAR. 479 BEGINNING. FEBRUARY. 1 Bridget 2 Julius 3 Joseph 4 Veronica 5 Agatha 6 Dorothea 7 Richard 8 Solomon 9 Apollonia 10 Lucy 11 Euphrosyne 12 Helen 13 Benigna 14 Valentine 15 Formosus 16 Julia 17 Constantia 18 Concordia 19 Susanna 20 Jane 21 Eleanor 22 Peter 23 Reynard 24 MATTHIAS 25 Victor 26 Nestor 27 Hector 28 Justus FEBRUARY. MIDDLE. JUNE. 20 Edward 21 Jacobina 22 Ellen 23 Basilius 24 JOHN BAPTIST 25 Duncan 26 Jeremiah 27 Frank 28 Leo 29 PETER 30 Paul JULY. 1 Theobald 2 Ernest 3 Cornelius 4 Martin 5 Anselm 6 Isaiah 7 Fred 8 Kilian 9 Cyril 10 Felicity 11 Pius 12 Henry 13 Margaret 14 Bonaventura 15 Swithin 16 Eustace 17 Alexis END. NOVEMBER. 8 Claude 9 Theodore 10 Jonas 11 Martin 12 Walter 13 Julian 14 Lewin 15 Machutus 16 Ottoman 17 Hugh 18 Godfrey 19 Elizabeth 20 Edmund 21 Alex 22 Cecilia 23 Clement 24 Macbeth 25 Catharine 26 Conrad 27 Launcelot 28 Gunter 29 Noah 30 ANDREW DECEMBER. 1 Arnold 2 Candida 3 Cassian 4 Barbara 5 Abigail 480 LADIES' CALENDAR. BEGINNING. MARCH. 1 Alban 2 Louisa 3 Bertram 4 Adrian 5 Frederick 6 Everard 7 Perpetua 8 Philemon 9 Prudentius 10 Henrietta 11 Rosina 12 Gregory 13 Ernest 14 Zacchary 15 Isabella 16 Matthias 17 Patrick 18 Edward 19 Joseph 20 Rupert 21 Benedict 22 Casimer 23 Everard 24 Gabriel 25 Matthew 26 Emanuel 27 Hubert 28 Gideon 29 Eustace 30 Guido 31 Philip MARCH. MIDDLE. JULY. 18 Caroline 19 Ruth 20 Elias 21 Daniel 22 Magdalen 23 Albertina 24 Christina 25 JAMES 26 Anne 27 Berthold 28 Innocent 29 Martha 30 Beatrice 31 Germain AUGUST. 1 Peter 2 Gustavus 3 Augustus 4 Perpetua 5 Dominick 6 Frank 7 Donatus 8 Samuel 9 Romanus 10 Lawrence 11 Titus 12 Clara 13 Hildebrand 14 Eusebius 15 Charles 16 Isaac 17' Bertram END. DECEMBER. 6 Nicholas 7 Antonia 8 Jabez 9 John 10 Judith 11 Waldemar 12 Charles Frederick 13 Lucy 14 Israel 15 Johanna 16 Laura 17 Lazarus 18 Christopher 19 Nora 20 Abraham 21 THOMAS 22 Beata 23 Ignatius 24 Adam 25 Eliza 26 STEPHEN 27 JOHN 28 Adaliga 29 Jonathan 30 David 31 Sylvester JANUARY. 1 Dora 2 Abel 3 Enoch 4 Titus 5 Simeon LADIES' CALENDAR. 481 BEGINNING. APRIL. 1 Theodore 2 Theodosia 3 Christian 4 Ambrose 5 Maximus 6 Sixtus 7 Celestine 8 Adelaide 9 Victoria 10 Ezekiel 11 Herman 12 Julius 13 Justin 14 Tiburtius 15 Obadiah 16 Leopold 17 Rodolph 18 Florence 19 Werner 20 Sulpitius 21 Adolphus 22 Lothario 23 GEORGE 24 Albert 25 MARK 26 Raymar 27 Anastasius 28 Theresa 29 Sibylla 30 Joshua APRIL. MIDDLE. AUGUST. 18 Emilia 19 Sebald 20 Bernard 21 Athanasius 22 Oswald 23 Zaccheus 24 BARTHOLOMEW 25 Lewis 26 Irenæus 27 Gebard 28 Augustine 29 John 30 Benjamin 31 Rebecca SEPTEMBER. 1 Giles 2 Rachel 3 Wilkie 4 Moses 5 Nathaniel 6 Magnus 7 Enurchus 8 Mary 9 Bruno 10 Sosthenes 11 Gerard 12 Otilia 13 Alfred John 14 Eustace 15 Constantia 16 Euphemia END. JANUARY. 6 Reginald 7 Harry 8 Lucian 9 Caspar 10 George Henry 11 Erhard 12 Raynard 13 Hilarius 14 Felix 15 Bayard 16 Marcellus 17 Anthony 18 Prisca 19 Ferdinand 20 Fabian 21 Agnes 22 Vincent 23 Frank 24 Timothy 25 PAUL 26 Polycarp 27 Hale 28 Charles 29 Samuel 30 James 31 Valerius FEBRUARY. 1 Bridget 2 Harriet 3 Phobe 4 Veronica 482 LADIES' CALENDAR. BEGINNING. MAY. 1 PHILIP 2 Sigismund 3 Elbert 4 Florian 5 Gothard 6 Matilda 7 Godfrey 8 John 9 Job 10 Gordian 11 Mamertus 12 Pancratius 13 Servatius 14 Christiana 15 Sophia 16 Betsy 17 Pascal 18 James 19 Dunstan 20 Frances 21 Prudens 22 Helena 23 Nina 24 Esther 25 Urban 26 Augustine 27 Bede 28 William 29 Maximilian 30 Wigan 31 Petronella MAY. MIDDLE. SEPTEMBER. 17 Lambert 18 Bessie 19 Iona 20 Frederica 21 MATTHEW 22 Maurice 23 Joel 24 John 25 Cleophas 26 Cyprian 27 Cosmo 28 Wenzel 29 MICHAEL 30 Jerome OCTOBER. 1 Remigius 2 Argyle 3 Ewald 4 Francis 5 Charity 6 Faith 7 Hope 8 Ephraim 9 Denys 10 Amelia 11 Burkard 12 Ruth 13 Edward 14 William 15 Campbell 16 Gallus 17 Etheldreda END. FEBRUARY. 5 Agatha 6 Dorothea 7 Cicely 8 Solomon 9 Apollonia 10 Renata 11 Euphrosya 12 Severinus 13 Benigna 14 Valentine 15 Formosus 16 Juliana 17 Constantia 18 Concordia 19 Susanna 20 Narcissa 21 Eleanor 22 Peter 23 Reynard 24 MATTHIAS 25 Victor 26 Nestor 27 Hector 28 Justus MARCH. 1 Albin 2 Louisa 3 Julia 4 Adrian 5 Frederick 6 Everard 7 Perpetua LADIES' CALENDAR. 483 BEGINNING. JUNE. 1 Herbert 2 George 3 Erasmus 4 Ulrica 5 Boniface 6 Benignus 7 Lucretia 8 Medard 9 Lepaius 10 Rudolph 11 BARNABAS 12 Blandina 13 Arthur 14 Modestus 15 Vitus 16 Justina 17 Alban 18 Paulina 19 Gervase 20 Edward 21 Jacobina 22 Davie 23 Basilius 24 JOHN BAPTIST 25 Elogius 26 Jeremias 27 Royland 28 Leo 29 Anthony 30 Lovell JUNE. MIDDLE. OCTOBER. 18 LUKE 19 Ptolemy 20 Cumberland 21 Ursula 22 Corduca 23 Severus 24 Solomon 25 Isabella 26 Amandus 27 Sabina 28 SIMON 29 Sussex 30 Hartman 31 Norfolk NOVEMBER. 1 Ethelberth 2 Ajax 3 Rowland 4 Charlotte 5 Eric 6 Leonard 7 Erdman 8 Claude 9 Theodore 10 Jonas 11 Martin 12 Cuthbert 13 Jenny 14 Lewin 15 Hector 16 Etheldred END. MARCH. 8 Philemon 9 Prudentius 10 Henrietta 11 Rosina 12 Gregory 13 Ernest 14 Zacchary 15 Isabella 16 Stella 17 Patrick 18 Edward 19 Joseph 20 Rupert 21 Benedict 22 Casimer 23 Everard 24 Gabriel 25 Paris 26 Emanuel 27 Hubert 28 Gideon 29 Eustace 30 Guido 31 Philip APRIL. 1 Theodore 2 Theodosia 3 Christian 4 Ambrose 5 Maximus 6 Sixtus 484 LADIES' CALENDAR. BEGINNING. JULY. 1 Theobald 2 Warwick 3 Cornelius 4 Martin 5 Anselm 6 Isaiah 7 Irene 8 Nattalia 9 Cyril 10 Felicity 11 Pius 12 Henry 13 Margaret 14 Bonaventure 15 Swithin 16 Eustace 17 Alexis 18 Caroline 19 Ruth 20 Elias 21 Daniel 22 Magdalen 23 Albertina 24 Christina 25 JAMES 26 Anne 27 Neville 28 Innocent 29 Martha 30 Beatrice 31 Germain JULY. MIDDLE. NOVEMBER. 17 Hugh 18 Wilton 19 Elizabeth 20 Edmund 21 Roderick 22 Cecilia 23 Clement 24 Harold 25 Catharine 26 Conrad 27 Hotspur 28 Ronald 29 Alice 30 ANDREW DECEMBER. 1 Arnold 2 Candida 3 Cassian 4 Barbara 5 Abigail 6 Nicholas 7 Antonia 8 Bertram 9 James 10 Judith 11 Waldemar 12 Charles 13 Lucy 14 Israel 15 Johanna 16 Llewellyn 17 Lazarus END. APRIL. 7 Celestine 8 Donald 9 Tristam 10 Ezekiel 11 Herman 12 Julius 13 Justin 14 Tiburtius 15 Obadiah 16 Blane 17 Rodolph 18 Florence 19 Werner 20 Blanche 21 Adolphus 22 Lothario 23 GEORGE 24 Albert 25 MARK 26 Ivanhoe 27 Halbert 28 Theresa 29 Sibylla 30 Joshua MAY. 1 PHILIP 2 Sigismund 3 Claude 4 Florian 5 Gothard. 6 John 7 Godfrey LADIES' CALENDAR. 485 BEGINNING. AUGUST. 1 Peter 2 Gustavus 3 Augustus 4 Perpetua 5 Norman 6 Eterick 7 Donatus 8 Blondin 9 Romanus 10 Lawrence 11 Titus 12 Clara 13 Hildebrand 14 Eusebius 15 Norma 16 Isaac 17 Bertram 18 Emily 19 Sebald 20 Bernard 21 Athanasius 22 Oswald 23 Zaccheus 24 BARTHOLOMEW 25 Lewis 26 Irenæus 27 Walter 28 Augustine 29 John 30 Benjamin 31 Rebecca AUGUST. MIDDLE. DECEMBER. 18 Christopher 19 Margarette 20 Abraham 21 THOMAS 22 Beata 23 Ignatius 24 Eve 25 Eva 26 STEPHEN 27 JOHN 28 Joan 29 Jonathan 30 David 31 Sylvester JANUARY. 1 Aleck 2 Abel 3 Enoch 4 Titus 5 Simeon 6 Priscilla 7 Lilly 8 Lucian 9 Caspar 10 Paul Hermit 11 Helen 12 Diomed 13 Nina 14 Felix 15 Fortunatus 16 Marcellus 17 Anthony END. MAY. 8 Pearl 9 Job 10 Gordian 11 Mamertus 12 Norton 13 Servitius 14 Christiania 15 Sophia 16 Honoratus 17 Pascal 18 Livorius 19 Dunstan 20 Frances 21 Prudens 22 Helena 23 St. John 24 Esther 25 Urban 26 Augustine 27 Bede 28 William 29 Maximilian 30 Wigan 31 Mortimer JUNE. 1 Nicomede 2 Harper 3 Erasmus 4 Ulrica 5 Douglas 6 Benignus 7 Lucretia 486 LADIES' CALENDAR. BEGINNING. SEPTEMBER. 1 Giles 2 Rachel 3 Ada Ann 4 Moses 5 Nathaniel 6 Magnus 7 Howard 8 Mary 9 Bruno 10 Essex 11 Gerard 12 Otilia 13 Flory 14 Clare 15 Constantia 16 Euphemia 17 Lambert 18 Clara 19 Januarius 20 Frederica 21 MATTHEW 22 Maurice 23 Joel 24 John 25 Palmer 26 Cyprian 27 Cosmo 28 Selby 29 MICHAEL 30 Jerome SEPTEMBER. MIDDLE. JANUARY. 18 Priscilla 19 Ferdinand 20 Fabian 21 Agnes 22 Vincent 23 Hilda 24 Timothy 25 PAUL 26 Polycarp 27 Ernest 28 Charles 29 Samuel 30 Herbert 31 Adelaide FEBRUARY. 1 Bridget 2 Hugo 3 Blaise 4 Veronica 5 Agatha 6 Dorothea 7 Richard 8 Solomon 9 Apollonia 10 Eustace 11 Euphrosyne 12 Severinus 13 Benigna 14 Valentine 15 Formosus 16 Juliana END. JUNE. 8 Melrose 9 Barnimus 10 Bruce 11 BARNABAS 12 Blandina 13 Helen 14 Modestus 15 Vitus 16 Justina 17 Alban 18 Paulina 19 Gervase 20 Edward 21 Jemima 22 Acharius 23 Basilius 24 Harry 25 Elogius 26 Jeremias 27 Mildred 28 Leo 29 PETER 30 Paul JULY. 1 Theobald 2 Elfric 3 Cornelius 4 Martin 5 Anselm 6 Isaiah 7 Ann Jane LADIES' CALENDAR. 487 BEGINNING. OCTOBER. 1 Remigius 2 Volrade 3 Ewald 4 Francis 5 Charity 6 Faith 7 Hope 8 Ephraim 9 Denys 10 Amelia 11 Burkard 12 Erenfried 13 Edward 14 William 15 Marian 16 Gallus 17 Etheldreda 18 LUKE 19 Ptolemy 20 Percy 21 Ursula 22 Corduca 23 Severus 24 Solomon 25 Crispin 26 Amandus 27 Sabina 28 SIMON and JUDE 29 Russell 30 Hartman 31 Wolfgang OCTOBER. MIDDLE. FEBRUARY. 17 Constantia 18 Concordia 19 Susanna 20 Eucharius 21 Eleanor 22 Peter 23 Clara 24 MATTHIAS 25 Victor 26 Nestor 27 Hector 28 Heber MARCH. 1 Albin 2 Louisa 3 Chenill 4 Adrian 5 Frederick 6 Everhard 7 Perpetua 8 Philemon 9 Prudentius 10 Henrietta 11 Rosina 12 Gregory 13 Ernest 14 Zachary 15 Isabella 16 Ewart 17 Patrick 18 Edward 19 Joseph END. JULY. 8 Kilian 9 Cyril 10 Felicity 11 Pius 12 Henry 13 Margaret 14 Marmaduke 15 Swithin 16 Eustace 17 Alexis 18 Caroline 19 Ruth 20 Elias 21 Daniel 22 Magdalen 23 Albertine 24 Christine 25 JAMES 26 Anne 27 Berthold 28 Innocent 29 Martha 30 Beatrice 31 Germain AUGUST. 1 Peter 2 Gustavus 3 Augustus 4 Perpetua 5 Wilton 6 Martin 7 Donatus 2 K 488 LADIES' CALENDAR. BEGINNING. NOVEMBER. 1 Vaughan 2 Layard 3 Guthrie 4 Charlotte 5 Eric 6 Leonard 7 Erdmann 8 Claude 9 Theodore 10 Jonas 11 Martin 12 Cuthbert 13 Brutus 14 Lewin 15 Anselm 16 Austin 17 Hugh 18 Wilkie 19 Elizabeth 20 Edmund 21 Presentation 22 Cecilia 23 Clement 24 Lebrecht 25 Catharine 26 Conrad 27 Beatrice 28 Anna Maria 29 Lewis 30 ANDREW NOVEMBER. MIDDLE. MARCH. 20 Rupert 21 Benedict 22 Casimer 23 Everard 24 Gabriel 25 Robertson 26 Emanuel 27 Hubert 28 Gideon 29 Eustace 30 Guido 31 Philip APRIL. 1 Theodore 2 Theodosia 3 Christian 4 Ambrose 5 Maximus 6 Murat 7 Celestine 8 Martyn 9 Blaize 10 Ezekiel 11 Herman 12 Julius 13 Justin 14 Katrino 15 Bernard 16 Charles 17 Rodolph 18 Florence END. AUGUST. 8 Mabalon 9 Romanus 10 Lawrence 11 Titus 12 Clara 13 Hildebrand 14 Eusebius 15 Brunow 16 Isaac 17 Bertram 18 Emilia 19 Sebald 20 Bernard 21 Barrow 22 Oswald 23 Zaccheus 24 BARTHOLOMEW 25 Lewis 26 Irenæus 27 Gebard 28 Augustine 29 John 30 Benjamin 31 Rebecca SEPTEMBER. 1 Giles 2 Rachel 3 Spencer 4 Moses 5 Nathaniel 6 Brian LADIES' CALENDAR. 489 BEGINNING. DECEMBER. 1 Arnold 2 Candida 3 Cassian 4 Barbara 5 Abigail 6 Nicholas 7 Antonia 8 Andrew 9 Wallace 10 Judith 11 Waldemar 12 Elsie 13 Lucy 14 Israel 15 Johanna 16 Clare 17 Lazarus 18 Christopher 19 Rowland 20 Abraham 21 THOMAS 22 Beata 23 Ignatius 24 Clara 25 Blount 26 Bertha 27 Blanche 28 Bowley 29 Jonathan 30 David 31 Sylvester DECEMBER. MIDDLE. APRIL. 19 Werner 20 Evangeline 21 Adolphus 22 Lothario 23 GEORGE 24 Albert 25 MARK 26 Raymar 27 Anastasius 28 Theresa 29 Sibyll 30 Joshua MAY. 1 PHILIP 2 Sigismund 3 Pierre 4 Florian 5 Gothard 6 John 7 Godfrey 8 Austin 9 Job 10 Gordian 11 Oswald 12 Anthony 13 Servatius 14 Christiana 15 Sophia 16 Honoratus 17 Pascal 18 Sibyl 19 Dunstan END. SEPTEMBER. 7 Tyler 8 Mary 9 Bruno 10 Sosthenes 11 Gerard 12 Bowyer 13 Clifford 14 Exaltation 15 Constantia 16 Euphemia 17 Lambert 18 Sigfried 19 Isham 20 Frederica 21 MATTHEW 22 Maurice 23 Joel 24 John 25 Cleophas 26 Cyprian 27 Cosmo 28 Wenzel 29 MICHAEL 30 Jerome OCTOBER. 1 Bruce 2 Ernest 3 Ewald 4 Francis 5 Charity 6 Eustace 7 Watkyn 2 K 2 INDEX. ABDOMEN (the cavity of the body con- taining the bowels and other organs). Bloated, with diarrhoea, Cham., 33. Coldness of, in diarrhoea, Verat. A., 33. Dropsy of (Ascites), in pregnancy, 312. Fissures of, 320. Hardness of, pregnancy during, 320. Pendulous, 260; after delivery, 320. Tenderness of, in hysteria, 47. Abdominal belts, 320. Pregnancy, in, 320. Womb, bearing-down of, in, 261. Pads for prolapsus of the womb, 261. Ablution, daily, 13, 294. Abrasions of skin, 467. Abortion (Miscarriage), 297, 321. Causes of, 296, 297. Consequences of, 297. Effects of, 296. Habit of indications of, 297. Management of, 298. Medicinal treatment of, 298-301. Prevention of, 296, 297. Suckling, effect of, 297. Threatenings of, 297. Accidents, treatment of, 467. Acetic acid, in cancer, 329. Acidity, 305; pregnancy during, 305. Acid, Benzoic. Amenorrhoea, 84. Menses, profuse, 149; suppression of, 84. Acid, Fluoric. Menses, profuse, 153. Pregnancy, in, 313. Varicose veins, 191, 313; vulva, of, 191. Acid, Hydrocyanic (Prussic Acid). Catalepsy, 56. Cerebro-spinal fever, 431. Epilepsy, 66. Hooping-cough, 381. Acid, Muriatic. Diphtheria, 441. Leucorrhoea, 233. Lichen, 111. Menses, profuse, 158. Mouth, inflammation of, 407. Piles, change of life, at, 183. Skin affections, 111, 206. Typhoid fever of children, 427. Vagina, hypersensitiveness of, 224. Acid, Nitric. Acne, 114. Anus, fissure of, 282. Appetite, disorders of, 29. Condylomata, 210. Consumption, bowels, of, 404. Eyes, inflammation of, 452. Fissure of anus, 282. Fistula, vaginal, 240. Jaundice, pregnancy, of, 311. Leucorrhoea, 233. Menstruation, suppression of, 93; delayed, 29. Menstruation, profuse, 158. Piles, change of life, at, 184. Pruritus, 194. Rectum, protrusion of, 414. Scarlatina, 433. Skin, disease of, 114. Urine, albuminous, test for, 313. Vagina, hypersensitiveness of, 224. Vulva, itching of, 194; tumour of, 213, 214. Vulva, ulceration of, 208, 209; warts on, 210. "White-swelling," 447. Womb, polypi of-tumour of, 274. 492 INDEX. Acid, Oxalic, poisoning by, 473. Acid, Phosphoric. ľ Albuminous urine, 313. Amenorrhoea, in, 84, 94. Change of life, 178. Diarrhoea, 309. Eczema, 110, 202. Fainting fits, 73, 178. Leucorrhoea, 253. Menstruation, delayed, 25. 94. Rickets, 446. Skin affections, 110, 202. Want of appetite, 25. Womb, wind in, 280. Acid, Sulphuric. suppression of, 84, Amenorrhoea, 85. Displacements of vagina, 221. Leucorrhoea, 235. Menstruation, profuse, 163. suppression of, 85. Skin disease, 206. Acute diseases, homoeopathic medicine in, ix. Acne (a pustular disease of the face and elsewhere), 100, 106, 113- 115. hood). Abortion, 298. Action of, 367. Application for, 115. Causes of, 115. Diet for, 115. Localities of, 113. Varieties of, 114. Aconite (Aconitum Napellus-Monks- Amenorrhoea, 40, 43, 54, 58, 74, 79, 80. Blood, spitting of, 311. Breasts, gathered, 345, 364. inflamed, 324, 345. Breathing, difficult, 311. Burns, 471. Catarrh, in, 377. Change of life-chills, of, 185; ex- haustion, of, 176; faintings, of, 176; flushes, of, 165; head- symptoms, of, 166; headaches, of, 166; heats, of, 165, 185; nervous symptoms, of, 174; piles during, 179. Child-crowing, 388. Chorea, 58. Circulation, derangements of, 24. Cough, 311. Cow-pox, 58. Croup, 386. Delivery, chills after, 355. Diarrhoea, children, in, 400. Diphtheria, 440. Dysmenorrhoea, Earache, 455. Eczema, 108, 200. Erythema, 107. External organs, inflammation of, 187, 188. 124. Eyes, inflammation of, 451. Eyelids, inflammation of, 453. Fainting fits, 71, 176. Fidgettiness, pregnancy, in, 316. Flooding, 267. Gathered breasts, 324, 345, 364. Headache, 43, 166, 315. change of life, at, 166. menstruation, suppres- sion of, with, 43. Headache, pregnancy, in, 315. Hysteria, 54; pregnancy, in, 319. Inflammation, lungs, of, 383, 381. mouth, of, 406. ovaries, of, 283. womb, of, 245. Influenza, 378. Jaundice during pregnancy, 310. Labour, heat and restlessness during, 335. Leucorrhoea, 227; uterine, 249. Measles, 434. Menstruation, delayed, 74; pain- ful, 124; profuse, 145; sup- pression, 79, 80. Millar's asthma, 388. Mumps, 438. Nettle-rash, 111. Neuralgia, 40. Paralysis of children, 420. Piles, 179. Pregnancy, breathing difficult in, 311; cough, 311; fidgettiness, 316; flooding, 322; headache, 314; hysteria, 319; restlessness, 376; sleeplessness, 316; spitting of blood, 311. INDEX. 493 Aconite-continued. Pruritus, 192. Puberty-circulation, derangements of, during, 24; headache, 43. Rectum, protrusion of, 413. Restlessness, 316. Rheumatic fever, 448, 449, 450. Scarlet fever, 433. Skin disease, 107, 108, 111. Sleeplessness, 316. Small-pox, 435. Sore throat, 437. Vagina, hypersensitiveness of, 223. inflammation of, 226. leucorrhoea from, 227. Vitus', St., Dance, 58. Vulva, inflammation of, 187, 188. itching of, 192. "whites," discharge of, from, 227. Womb, cold in, 323. displacement of, 262. inflammation of, 245. neuralgia of, 256. Actæa Racemosa (Cimicifuga). Esculus Glabra (Buckeye). Amenorrhoea, 85. Anus, fissure of, 28. Change of life, 180. Epilepsy, 64. Leucorrhoea, 227. Menstruation, suppression of, 85. Paralysis of children, 420. Piles, 180; pregnancy, of, 307. Ethusa (Garden Hemlock). Children, vomiting of, 396. Epilepsy, 64. After-birth, management of, 339. After-discharge (lochia), 343. After-pains, excessive or prolonged, 342. Agaric (Fungus). Amenorrhoea, 57; chorea, 57. Menstruation, delayed, 57; profuse, 145. Nymphomania, 196. Vitus', St., Dance, 57. Agnus Castus (the Plane-tree). Milk, delay of, after delivery, 345. Ailanthus (Tree of Heaven). Scarlatina, malignant, 434. Albuminous urine, 313. Aletris Farinosa (Star-grass). Abortion, 229, 301. Amenorrhoea, 83; appetite, dis- orders of, 30. Change of life, 176; consumption, 392. Debility, 22. Displacements of vagina, 22. Exhaustion and faintness, 176. Fainting fits, 72, 176. Leucorrhoea, 228. Menstruation, delayed, 30; preco- cious, 22. Menstruation, profuse, 145; sup- pressed, 83. Rickets, 446. Womb, congestion of, 273. Allopathy, absence of menstruation, in, 23. Chorea, 60. Diarrhoea, 397. Menstruation, painful, 123. profuse, 143, 144. Pneumonia, 383. Womb, inflammation of, 247. Alnus Rubra (Tag Alder). Skin disease, in, 203. Aloes. Amenorrhoea, 75. Anus, fissure of, 282. Change of life, 180. Chlorosis, 39. Leucorrhoea, 228. Menstruation, delayed, 75. profuse, 145. suppressed, 85. vicarious, 116. Piles, 180; pregnancy, of, 307. Alumina. Leucorrhoea, 228. Menstruation, profuse, 145. t Anus, excoriation at, 32. Constipation, 32, 306, 402, 403. Leucorrhoea, 228. Menstruation, delayed, 32; painful, 124. Menstruation, suppressed, 85. Palpitation, 85. Pregnancy, appetite deranged dur- ing, 308; neuralgia, 317. Ambragrisea. 494 INDEX. ► Amenorrhoea (Non-appearance of the Menses). 49, 23-117, 77. Anemia, with, 34. Appetite, craving, 27; deranged, 27; disordered, 27-30; loss of, 25. Catalepsy, with, 56. Causes of, 79, 80, 83. Chlorosis, with, 36. Chorea, with, 57. Constipation, 31. Consumptive, in the, 87. Cramps, with, 40, 45. Debility, from, 34, 87. Diarrhoea, with, 33, 34. Digestion, derangements of, with, 24, 25, 27, 31, 33. Epilepsy, with, 61. Fainting, with, 79. Headache, with, 43. Hysteria, with, 45-56. Neuralgia, with, 40. Ovaries, inflammation of, from, 82. Palpitation, with, 34, 35. Skin affections, with, 99-115. Toothache, with, 85. Trembling, with, 35. Ammonia Carbonas. Ammonia Murias. Change of life, 173. Leucorrhoea, 228. Menstruation, profuse, 146. Anacardium (Malacca Bean). Epilepsy, 64. Leucorrhoea, 228. Leucorrhoea, 228. Menstruation, painful, 124; profuse, 146; suppressed, 85. Ammonia Caustica. Diphtheria, 442. Anasarca (General Dropsy), 312. Anemia (Bloodlessness), 54; preg- nancy, in, 312. Anguish (Ars.), 35. Animation, suspended, treatment of, 475. Anteflexion, womb, of the, 251, 260. Antimonium Crudum. Leucorrhoea, 228. Menstruation, profuse, 146. Nettle-rash, 112. Ovaries, inflammation of, 283. Stomach derangements of children, 396. Vomiting of infants, 396. Antimonium Tartaricum. Inflammation of lungs, 385. Leucorrhoea, 228. Small-pox, 435. Vulva, pustules on, 207. Antimony, poisoning by, 473. Anus (the extremity of the lower bowel, or rectum). Bearing-down, 34, 412. Burning at (Ars., Merc.), 33. Excoriation (Alumina), 32. Fissure, 281. Prolapsus of, 34, 412. Soreness at (Merc. V.), 33. Anxiety, 35; pregnancy during, 320. Apathy (China), 35. Aphonia (Loss of Voice), hysteria in, 46. Aphthæ (Thrush), infants, of, 406; vulva, on, 208. Apis Mellifica (a preparation from the honey-bee). Diphtheria, 441. Displacements of vagina, 220. Dropsy, 191, 312. Erysipelas, external organs, of, 188. Leucorrhoea, 229. Menstruation, painful, 125; profuse, 146; suppressed, 86. Ovaries, dropsy of, 291; inflamma- tion of, 284. Quinsy, 438. Scarlatina, 433. Stings, insects, of, after, 472. Vagina, inflammation of, 226. Vulva, oedema, or dropsy of, 200; inflammation of, 188. Apocynum Andros. (Dogsbane). Menstruation, profuse, 147; sup- pressed, 78, 79, 84; thread- worms, 411. Apocynum Cannab. (Indian Hemp). Dropsy, 291, 313. at the chest, 313; ovarian, 291; scarlatina after, 433. Flooding, 268. Leucorrhoea, 229. Menstruation, profuse, 147. Appetite, capricious, in children, 370. INDEX. 495 Appetite, craving, 27, 303. deranged, 27. depraved, 27, 303, 304. loss of, 25, 302. pregnancy, in, 303, 304. Aralia (Spikenard). Skin disease, in, 204. Argentum. Appetite, disorders of, 30. Bowels, croaking in, 30. Menstruation, delayed, 30. Argentum Nitricum (Nitrate of Sil- ver). Appetite, disordered, 28. Eyelids, inflammation of, 455. Leucorrhoea, 229. Menstruation, delayed, 28. Arnica. profuse, 147. suppressed, 28. Abortion, 299. Bleeding at the nose, 117. Breast, gathered, 346, 365. Chafing of children, 108. Cramps in pregnancy, 318. Displacement of vagina, 220. Epilepsy, 64. Erythema, 107. External organs, injury of, 187. Fainting fits, 72. Flooding, 268. pregnancy, in, 322. Hæmorrhage, 268; pregnancy dur- ing, 322. Hernia, 214. Hooping-cough, 381. Labour, in, 335, 339, 340, 343. Leucorrhoea, 229. Menstruation, profuse, 147; vi- carious, 117. Rupture, in, 214. Spasms, pregnancy, of, 318. St. Vitus's Dance, 38. Vulva, abscess of, 189; inflamma- tion of, 189; tumour of, 212; varicose veins of, 191. Womb, displacement of, 262. Arsenicum Album. Anemia, 35, 212. Anus, fissure of, 283. Atrophy of children, 447. Blotches on the skin, 116. Cancer, womb, of, 277; vagina, 237. Cervix, womb, of-inflammation of, 252. Change of life, 176, 180. Chlorosis, 39. Consumption, 391. S bowels, of, 404, 405, 406. Croup, 387. Diarrhoea, children, of, 398, 399, 401. Diarrhoea, pregnancy, of, 309. Dyspepsia, 26. Eczema, 108, 201. Epilepsy, 63. Erysipelas, external organs, of, 189. Fainting fits, 72, 73, 176. delivery, after, 74. Fissure, anus, of, 283. Flooding, 268. Glandular swellings, 439. Herpes, 204. Inflammation of lungs, 385. Influenza, 379. Leucorrhoea, 229. Lichen, 111, 206. Measles, 434. Menstruation, delayed, 35; painful, 124. Menstruation, profuse, 148; sup- pressed, 84. Menstruation, vicarious, 116. Morning sickness, 305. Nausea, pregnancy, in, 303. Nettle-rash, 113. Neuralgia, 41; pregnancy, in, 317. Nymphomania, 196. Ovaries, dropsy of, 291. inflammation of, 284. Piles, change of life, at, 180. Rickets, 446. Scarlatina, 443. Skin affections, 107, 108, 111, 113, 204, 206. Swooning, 73. Ulcer, rodent, of vulva, 216. Vomiting of children, 396. Vulva, abscess of, 189. inflammation of, 189. œdema, or dropsy of, 200. tumour of, 213. 496 INDEX. Arsenicum Album-continued. Vulva, varicose veins of, 191. Wasting of children, 447. Womb, inflammation of, 247. Arsen. Iod. Cancer, 215. Diphtheria, 442. Womb, cancer of, 275. tumour of, 274. wind in, 280. Artemisia (Mugwort). Epilepsy, 64. Arteries, wounds of, 468. Asafoetida. Hysteria, 53. Menstruation, delayed, 53; sup- pressed, 86. Asarum (Coltsfoot). Menstruation, profuse, 148. Miscarriage, 298. Thread-worms, 410. Ascarides (Thread-worms), 190, 494; vulva, of, 211. Ascites (Dropsy of the Abdomen), prgnancy, in, 312. Asclepias Incarnata (Swamp Milk- weed). Vulva, encysted tumour of, 213. Asclepias Syriaca (Silk-weed). Abortion, 299. Headache, 43; change of life, at, 169. Headache, menstrual, 43. pregnancy, during, 314. Menstruation, painful, 125. suppressed, 86. Atrophy, or wasting of children, 446, 447. Aurum. Catarrh, children, in, 378. Fistula, vaginal, 241. Menses, suppressed, 86. Aurum Muriaticum (Muriate of Gold). Chancre, 209. Vulva, ulceration of, 209. warts (condylomata) on, 210. B. Bandage, abdominal. Delivery, after, 331, 332, 340. Spiral elastic, 261. Baptisia (Wild Indigo). Atrophy, children, of, 447. Cancer, vagina, of, 237. Chancre, 209. Diphtheria, 438, 440. External organs, ulceration of, 208. Leucorrhoea, 229. Menstruation, suppressed, 86. profuse, 148. Mouth, inflammation of, 407. Pruritus, 193. Scarlatina, malignant, 434. Sore throat, 438. Vulva, erysipelas of, 189. itching of, 193. nlceration of, 208, 209. Womb, inflammation of, 247. ulceration of, 253. Barley-water, to make, 347. Baryta. Consumption of the bowels, 404. Glandular swellings, 439. Leucorrhoea, uterine, 249. Menstruation, painful, 126; sup- pressed, 86. Scarlatina, 433. Tonsils, enlarged, 439. Vulva, encysted tumour of, 213. Worms, round, in, 411. Barrenness, 121. (See Sterility.) Baths, action of, 103, 104; heat of, 103; hot, 103; sea, 105; sitz, 103; temperature of, 103; tepid, 103; vapour, 105; warm, 103. Baths for children, 371. broth, of, and oatmeal gruel, of, in wasting, 446. Beds, objectionable, 12, 236. Bed-rooms, 12, 13, 14. air, impure, of, 12, 13. cold, effects of, 14. fires in, 14. ventilation of, 12, 14, 294. windows, 13. Bed-sores, 108. Bearing-down, pregnancy, in, 321. rectum, of, 34, 412; children, in, 412. Bearing-down, womb, of, 258–262. Beef-tea, to make, 349; oatmeal with, 349. INDEX. 497 Beer, aversion to, 25; children, un- necessary for, 369. Belladonna (Nightshade). Abortion, 300. Action of, 2, 367. Breasts, gathered, 345, 365-367. inflamed, 365. Cancer, womb, of, 277. Change of life, 167. Consumption of the bowels, 404, 405. Convulsions, 416. Cough, pregnancy, in, 311. Displacement of vagina, 220. Earache, 455. Epilepsy, 64, 69, 420. External organs, inflammation of, 188. Eyelids, inflammation of, 453. Eyes, inflammation of, 451. Feverishness of children, 423. Headache, 43; pregnancy, in, 314. Hooping-cough, 381. Hydrocephalus (Water on the Brain), 419. Inflammation, brain, 417. lungs, 384. ovaries, 284. Leucorrhoea, uterine, 249. Menstruation, delayed, 40, 43, 74. irregular, 118. painful, 121, 124. pregnancy, in, 321. profuse, 148. suppressed, 81. Mumps, 439. Neuralgia, 40; pregnancy, in, 317. Nymphomania, 196, Paralysis of children, 419. Quinsy, 438. Rheumatic fever, 449. Scarlatina, 433. Sore throat, 437. Toothache, 40; pregnancy, in, 317. Vagina, hypersensitiveness of, 223. spasms of, 222. Vulva, abscess of, 189. inflammation of, 188. White-swelling, 447. Womb, cold in, 323. congestion of, 273. displacement of, 262. Womb, inflammation of, 245. neuralgia of, 256. ulceration of, 253. Bellis (Common Daisy). External organs, injuries of, 187. Sprains, in, 471. Vulva, adhesion of, 187. Belly-ache of infants, 394. Bilious headache, 44; vomiting, 33, 44. Binder, delivery, for, 331, 339, 340. Birth, child, of, 337. Bites, dogs, from, 474. snakes, from, 478. Black-eye, 467. Blebs, 100, Bleeding, arrest of, 468. character of, 468. nose, from, 469. Blood, losses of, 468. menstrual fluid not, 9. nose, from, 116. oxygenated, effects of, 19. poisoning, chlorosis, in, 37. diphtheria, in, 440. infantile remittent fever, in, 424. Blood, spitting of, 133, 134, 311. vomiting of, 304. Bloodlessness, 34. Blotches on the skin, 116. Boils, 100, 106. Borax. Acne, 114. Aphthæ, infants, of-vulva, of, 208. Eczema, 109, 201. Leucorrhoea, 229. Menstruation, painful, 125. profuse 149. suppressed, 87. Nipples, preparation of, 324. Pruritus, 193. Skin affections, 109, 114. Thrush, 406. Vulva, itching of, 193. Borborygmus (Croaking in the Bowels), 30 (Argentum, Chamomilla, He- deoma, Lycopodium, Nux Vo- mica). Bottles for medicines, ix. Bowed legs, 374. Bowels, chills following relief of, 32, 33. 498 INDEX. Bowels, constipation of, 31. consumption of, 404. croaking in, 30, 131. distension of, 25. faintness after relief of, 31. inflammation of, 405. mucous secretion, deficient (Plumbum), 32. Bowels, mucous secretion, abundant (Mercurius), 33. Bowels, relief of, after delivery, 347. regularity in, 31, 403. rumbling in (Iris), 34. Bowel, protrusion of, 412. Boys, hysteria in, 46. physical powers of, 18. training of, 18. Brain, inflammation of, 417; tubercu- lar, 419; water on the, 417. Bread containing alum injurious, 31. Breakfast, 11, 295; children, for, 370. Breakfast, walking before, objection- able, 12. Breakfast, young girls, for, 11. Breasts, both to be used, 344. cancer of, 325. gathered, 324, 345, 364. infant, to make take, 343, 344. Breasts, inflammation of, 324, 345, 364. Breasts, management of, after delivery, 343. Breasts, management of, pregnancy, during, 324. 311. Bromine. Breasts, management of, suckling, during, 357, 363, 364. Breasts, management of, weaning at, 363. Breasts, tumours of, 325. Breast-pump, 324. Breath, short, 34, 35; pregnancy, in, Child-crowing, 388. Croup, 442. Croupal diphtheria, 442. Menstruation, painful, 125; pro- fuse, 149. Menstruation, suppressed, 87. Millar's asthma, 388. Womb, wind in, 280. Bronchitis, 382, 383. Bronchocele, Derbyshire-neck, Goitre, 450. Broth, calf's-foot, 349; chicken, 349. mutton, to make, 348. Bruises, 467. Bryonia (White Bryony-Wild Hops). Bleeding at the nose, 116. Breasts, inflamed, 345. Cerebro-spinal fever, 429. Change of life, 167. Constipation, 32, 189. alternating with diar- rhoea, 32. Croup, 386. Hip-disease, 448. Inflammation, external organs, of, 189. Inflammation, lungs, of, 385. Jaundice, pregnancy, in, 310. Measles, 434. Menstruation, delayed, 31, 32, 74; painful, 126. Menstruation, profuse, 149; vicari- ous, 116. Ovaries, inflammation of, 284. Pregnancy, constipation in, 189. Rheumatic fever, 449. Vulva, hard pustule on, 189. · tumour, encysted, of, 213. White-swelling, 447. Womb, cold in, 323. inflammation of, 245. neuralgia of, 256. Bullæ, 100. Bunions, 106. Burns and scalds, 471. or C. Cactus Grandiflora. Change of life, at, 167, 177, 180. Fainting fits, 73. Menstruation, delayed, 75; rofuse, 150. Ovaries, inflammation of, 284. Rheumatism, heart affection in, 450. Swooning, 73. + INDEX. 499 Calcarea Carbonica (Carbonate of Lime). Abortion, 301. Acidity, 305. Anemia, 35. Bleeding at the nose, 116. Bronchitis, 385. Catarrh, children, of, 377. Change of life, 181. Child-crowing, 387, 445. Consumption, 391; bowels, of, 404. Displacement of vagina, 220. Epilepsy, 66. Eyelids, inflamed, 453. Fistula, vaginal, 239. Flooding, 268. Glandular swellings, 439. Heartburn, 305. Herpes, 204. Hip-disease, 445. Menstruation, delayed, 35. irregular, 118; pain- ful, 126; precocious, 22. Menstruation, pregnancy, during, 321; profuse, 149. Menstruation, vicarious, 116. Neuralgia, pregnancy, during, 317. Ophthalmia, 452. Piles, change of life, at, 181. Skin disease, 204. Tonsils, enlarged, 439. Toothache, pregnancy, in, 317. Vulva, inflammation of, 190. itching of, 193. parasites of, 211. tumour, encysted, of, 213. Worms, 210, 411. Calendula (Marigold). Chafing of children, 190. External organs, injuries of, 187. Fistula, vaginal, 241. Labour, in, 343. Vulva, adhesion of, 187. displacement of, 262. ulceration of, 255. Camphor. Fainting, 71; hysteria, 55. Urine, retention of, 314. Cancer, 215, 325-330. age at which it appears, 325. bleeding from, 267. Cancer, breast, of, 325-330. complexion in, 327. epithelial, 236. fungoid, 236. hard (scirrhus), 325. vagina, of, 236. vulva, of, 215. womb, of, 275, 276, 277. Cancer, medicines for-Ars., 237, 277, 329; Ars. Iod., 215, 328; Bapt., 237; Bell., 277, 329; Calc. Iod., 329; Carb. An., 277, 328; Cham., 237; Chimaph., 278, 328; Cistus, 278, 328; Con., 278, 328; Galium., 278, 327; Ham., 279, 328; Hydrastis, 215, 237, 327; Iod., 278; Kreos., 278; Nymph., 237; Phytol., 238, 278, 327; Rumex, 328; Rannuc., 238; Sep., 279; Sec., 278; Thuja, 279. Cancrum Oris (Mortification of the Cheek), 208, 407, 408. Cankers, 208, 406. Cannabis Sativa (Indian Hemp). Catalepsy, 56. Menstruation, delayed, 56. Nymphomania, 197. Cantharides. Burns, 471. Displacements of vagina, 220. External organs, inflammation of, 189. Leucorrhoea, 230. Menstruation, profuse, 150. Nymphomania, 197. Ovaries, inflammation of, 284. Pruritus, 193. Urine, retention of, 314. Vagina, inflammation of, 226. Vulva, inflammation of, 189. - itching of, 193. Carbo Animalis Charcoal). Cancer, womb, of, 277. Fistula, vaginal, 239. Glandular swellings, 439. Leucorrhoea, 230. Menstruation, profuse, 150. suppressed, 87. Vulva, tumour of, 214. (prepared Animal 500 INDEX Carbo Vegetabilis (Pure Charcoal). Acidity, 305. Appetite, want of, 26. Change of life, in, 167, 177, 181. Diarrhoea, pregnancy, of, 308. Digestion, derangements of, 26. Fainting fits, 72. Fistula, vaginal, 239. Heartburn, 305. Leucorrhoea, 230. Menstruation, delayed, 26; pro- fuse, 150; suppressed, 88. Nymphomania, 197. Pruritus, 193. Vulva, itching of, 193; varicose veins of, 191. Carbonic acid gas, injuriousness of, 12, 14; production of, 12, 14. Carbolic acid in offensive discharge, 280, 343. Carbuncle, 100, 106. Carpets in bed-rooms, 12. Carriage exercise, 23; spinal com- plaints, in, 18. Catalepsy, 49; treatment of, 56. Catarrh (Cold in the Head), children, of, 376. Cauliflower excrescence of the womb, 275. Caulophyllum (Blue Cohosh). Abortion, 300. Appetite, pregnancy, in, 303. Change of life, 171. Chorea, 58. Flooding, 268. Headache, in, 44. Hysteria, 51. Jaundice, pregnancy, of, 311. Labour, in, 335. Menstruation, delayed, 44, 51, 58, 75. Menstruation, irregular, 118. profuse, 151. Nymphomania, 196. Pruritus, 193. Vagina, hypersensitiveness of, 224. Vitus', St., Dance, in, 58. Vulva, itching of, 193. Womb, displacement of, 262. neuralgia of, 257. ulceration of, 253. Causticum. Burns, in, 472. Chafing of children, in, 108, 190. Change of life, at, 181. Fistula, vaginal, 240. Hooping-cough, 382. Menstruation, painful, 126. profuse, 151. suppression, 88. Piles, 181. Skin affections, in, 108, 201. Varicose veins of vulva, 191. Caustics, use of, condemned, 252. Cerebro-spinal, or spotted fever, 428— 431. Cessation of menstruation, 164—186. (See "Critical Age.") Chafing, adults, of-children, of, 107, 108, 188, 190. Chamomilla. Abortion, 299. After-pains, troublesome, in, 342. Appetite, loss of, 25. Atrophy of children, 447. Cancer, vagina, of, 237. Catarrh, 377. Change of life, at, 170, 174, 177, 181. Chafing of children, in, 190. Children, for, 357, 358, 377, 391, 396. Cold in the head, 377. Consumption, 391; bowels, of, 404, 405. Coryza, 377. Cramp, in, 45. Diarrhoea, 53; children, of, 398, 400; pregnancy, of, 309. Earache, 455. Eczema, in, 109, 202. Fainting fits, 72. Faintness, 177. Flooding, 268. Headache, 44. Hip-disease, 448. Infantile remittent fever, 426. Jaundice, 409; pregnancy, of, 310. Lichen, in, 206. Menstruation, delayed, 25, 33, 40, 44. Menstruation, painful, 126. INDEX. 501 Chamomilla-continued. Menstruation, profuse, 151. suppressed, 79. Neuralgia, 40, 317; in pregnancy, 316. Nipples, inflamed and sore, 344. Red- -gum, or Red-gown, in, 111, Rheumatic fever, 449. Rickets, 445. Skin diseases, 109, 111, 202, 206. Thrush, 406. Toothache, 40, 317. Typhoid fever of children, 426. Ulcer, eating, in, 216. Vomiting, children, of, 396. Wasting of children, 447. Womb, congestion of, 243 ; ralgia of, 257. Chancre (Specific Ulcer). Vulva, of, 209. Change of life, 164-168. (See "Cri- tical Age.") Fainting and exhaustion, 176. Flushes and heats, 165, 185. Headache, 166. Gastric symptoms, 173. Nervous symptoms, 174. Piles, 179. Chapman's Entire Flour, 347, 348, 371. Chelidonium (Great Celandine). Hooping-cough, 381. Inflammation of the lungs, 384. Menstruation, profuse, 151. neu- pneumonia, in, 384. suppression of, 88. Chelone (Snake-head). Vulva, encysted tumour of, 213. Chest, the, capacity, importance of, 19. congestion of, anemia in, 35; menstruation, delayed, in, 35. Chicken-broth, to make, 349. Chicken-pox, 437. Chilblains, 108, 466; broken, 466. Child, birth of, 333-356. before arrival of atten- dant, 338. Child, birth of, fainting after, 74. flooding after, 267. inflammation 247. Child, feeding of, 359, 369. after, Child, movements of, excessive, during pregnancy, 323. Child, still-born, 341. Child-bearing, frequent, injury result- ing from, 141. Child-bed fever, 355. Children, accidents of, 467. Aconite for, 367, 368. appetite, capricious, 370. atrophy of, 446. bathing of, 371. bed-gowns for, 371. bowed legs in, 374. brain, inflammation of, 417. rest of, 371. burns and scalds, 471. catarrh of, 377. chest affections of, 376. chorea of, 421. club-foot, 373. constipation of, 402. consumption of, 389–393. bowels of, the, 404. Children, convulsions, 415. creeping of, 375. crowing of, 387, 445. crying of, 393. deformities of, 373. diarrhoea of, 357, 368, 397 -402. Children, diet of, 369. digestion, diseases of, 393. diphtheria, 438-442. diseases of, 366-465. dress of, 371, 372. epilepsy in, 420. fancies of, 370. fears of, 422. feverishness in, 423. fits of, 415, 420. general diseases of, 443. grimaces of, 375. habits of, 375. homœopathy, advantages of, for, 366, 367. Children, rapidity of action, on, 367. Children, hooping-cough, 379-382. hydrocephalus, 417. influenza, 378. jaundice of, 100, 399, 408. knock-kneed, 374. ¿ 502 INDEX. Children, leucorrhoea in, 190. left-handedness, 374. living rooms for, 369. management of, 369. marasmus, or wasting of, July 446. Children, mesenteric disease in, 404. nervous affections of, 414. nightly terrors of, 375. nursemaids' influence on, 375. Children, nurseries for, 13, 369, 372. respiration, diseases of, 376. rickets, 444; Millar's asthma, or child-crowing, con- nected with, 445. Children, scarlatina in, 368. scrofula in, 444. sleep of, 371, 372. stammering of, 420. stimulants for, 369. sucking the thumb, 875. sunshine, importance of, for, 369. Children, sweets, influence of, in, 370. vomiting of, causes treatment, 395. and Children, vulva, ulceration of, 208. wasting of, 446. water on the brain, 417. white-swelling, 447. "whites, the," in, 190. Chills, change of life, at, 185. effects of, 102. Chimneys, bed-rooms, in, 13. smoky, 14. ventilation by, 13. Chimaphila (the Pipsissewa). Cancer of the womb, in, 278. China (Cinchona-Peruvian Bark). Anemia, 35, 312. Appetite, loss of, 26. Blood, loss of, after, 72. Change of life, 173. Consumption, bowels, of, 404. lungs, of, 392. Debility, 22. Delivery, after, 343. Diarrhoea, 33; children, of, 398, 399, 401. Diarrhoea, pregnancy, of, 309. Digestion, disordered, 26. Dropsy, of, pregnancy, 313. Eczema, 110, 202. Fainting, 72; delivery, after, 74. Flooding, 267; delivery, after, 343; pregnancy, during, 322. Hæmorrhage, 72, 322, 343. Leucorrhoea, 230. Menstruation, delayed, 26, 33, 35; irregular, 119; painful, 127; precocious, 22; profuse, 151; suppressed, 35. Nausea, pregnancy, in, 303. Nymphomania, 197. Skin diseases, 110, 111, 202, 206. Chloroform, in labour, 322, 338. Chlorosis (Green-sickness), 34-39, 106. Chlorosis, clothing for, 38. medicines for, 36-39. nature of, 37. Chorea (St. Vitus's Dance), 37, 57, 420. Chorea, anemia, with, 57. children, in, 421. chlorosis, with, 57. rheumatism, with, 60. worms, from, 59. Chronic diseases, medicines in, ix., 3. Cicuta (Water-hemlock). Appetite, disorders of, 27. Epilepsy, 65. Menstruation, delayed, painful, 127; suppressed, 88. Neuralgia, 43. Cimicifuga (Actæa Racemosa, Mac- rotys., Rattle-weed). 27, 43; Abortion, 300, 301. After-pains, 342. Cerebro-spinal fever, 429. Change of life, 168, 173, 174. Chorea, 60. Cold in the womb, 323. Cramps of pregnancy, 318. Epilepsy, 65. Headache, 44; pregnancy, in, 316. Hysteria, 50. Labour, in, 335. Menstruation, delayed, 41, 44, 50; irregular, 118; painful, 127; pro- fuse, 152; suppressed, 82, 88. Nettle-rash, 112. Neuralgia, 41 INDEX. 503 Cimicifuga-continued. Ovaries, inflammation of, 284. Rheumatic fever, 450. Vagina, hypersensitiveness of, 224. Vitus', St., Dance, of, 60. Vulva, pustules on, 207. Womb, displacement of, 262. neuralgia of, 257. Cina (Worm-seed). Child-crowing, 389. Chorea, 59. Millar's asthma, 389. Vitus', St., Dance, 59. Worms, thread, 59, 190. Circulation, derangements of, 24. Cistus Canadensis (Rock Rose). Cancer, womb, of, 278. Skin disease, 204. Class-rooms, ventilation of, 14. Clematis. Mumps, 439. Skin diseases, 109, 201, 204. Clothing, children, of, 372. girls, of, 15, 38. under, 15. Clots, expulsion of, 143. Club-foot, 373. Cocculus. Cerebro-spinal fever, 430. Change of life, 176; headache at, 168. Cramps, pregnancy, of, 318. Faintness, 176. Headache, 168. Hysteria, 51. Leucorrhoea (uterine), 249. Menstruation, delayed, 51; painful, 127; profuse, 152. Menstruation, suppressed, 88. Nymphomania, 197. Paralysis of children, 420. Pregnancy, appetite in, 302. Spasms, pregnancy, of, 318.. Cod-liver Oil. Cancer, 329. Consumption, 390. Rickets, 446. Wasting of children, for, 447. Cod-liver Oil Jelly, 406, 447. Coffea. After-pains, 342. Change of life, 174, 176. Fainting fits, 72. Menstruation, painful, 128; sup- pressed, 79. Nymphomania, 197. Coffee, 25. Colchicum (Meadow Saffron). Menstruation, painful, 128. Pregnancy, appetite in, 302. Cold in the head (Catarrh), children, of, 376. Cold in the womb, 323. Cold, sensitiveness to (Calcarea), 35. Cold winds, effects of, 109. Colic of children and infants, 394. Collinsonia (Rock-weed). Change of life, 181. Conception, hysteria at, 49. Constipation, 31; pregnancy, of, 306; children, of, 403. Menstruation, delayed, 31; painful, 128; profuse, 152; suppressed, 88. Piles, change of life, at, 181. pregnancy, during, 303, 306, 307. Varicose veins, vulva, of, 191. Vulva, itching of, 193, 321. Colocynth. Change of life, 176. Diarrhoea, pregnancy, of, 308. Menstruation, painful, 128; pro- fuse, 152; suppressed, 81, 89. Ovaries, inflammation of, 284. Worms, round, 411. Comocladia (the Guao). Nettle-rash, 112; skin affections, in, 109, 112, 201. Complexion of skin, 100. Compresses, menstruation, painful in, 140. C Scarlatina, 433. Sore throat, 437. Condylomata (warts on the external organs), 210. Condy's fluid in scarlatina, 434. Confinement (see Labour), 340. Congestion, chest, of, 116; head, of, 116. Conium (Spotted Hemlock). Cancer, breast, of, 328; womb, of, 278. Cerebro-spinal fever, 431. 2 L 504 INDEX. Conium-continued. Change of life, 176. Consumption, bowels, of, 405. Epilepsy, 65. Faintness, 176. Glandular swellings, 439. Hip-disease, 448. Leucorrhoea, 230. Menstruation, delayed, 75; painful, 128; suppressed, 89. Nymphomania, 198. Ovaries, inflammation of, 285. Polypi of womb, 272. Skin diseases, 204. Tumours of the womb, 272. Vagina, displacements of, 220. Vulva, itching of, 193. White-swelling, 447. Womb, neuralgia of, 257; tumours of, 272. Constipation, 31. aperients in, 31. bread, baker's, caused by, 31. Constipation, bread, entire flour, made of, for, 31. Constipation, causes of, 31. children, in, 402-404. cold water for, 31. compress, tepid, for, 38. Constipation, delivery, after, 355. diet for, 31. habitual, 31, 32. infants, in, 357. pregnancy, in, 306. treatmant of, 31. Consumption, bowels, of, 404; diet for, 404. Consumption, lungs, of, 12, 13, 389; causes, 12, 143, 389; children, in, 389; chorea, with tendency to, 57. Consumption, lungs, of-cure of, 12, 390. Consumption, lungs, of eradication of, 13, 389. Consumption, prevention of, 12. Convulsions of children, 376. Copaiba. Nettle-rash, 112. Corallia (Carbonate of Lime, as de- posited by the coral zoophyte). Hooping-cough, 380. Corns, 106. Cornus Circinnatus (Round-leaved Dog-wood). Vulva, itching of, 193; womb, ul- ceration of, 253. Cornus Florida (Dog-wood). Vulva, ulceration of, in children, 208. Coryza (Catarrh, Cold in the Head), children, in, 376. Cough, pregnancy, during, 311, 314. Cow-pox, 437. Cramps, 34, 45; pregnancy, in, 318; vagina, of, 222. Cream, consumption, in, 390. Critical age, "change of life," 164. Affections of, 164; time of, 164. Chills, 185. Faintings, 176. Headache, 165; heats, 165. Leucorrhoea, 185; nervous symp- toms. Piles, 179; rules for, 185. Crocus (Meadow Saffron). Change of life, headache at, 168. Flooding, 269. Menstruation, profuse, 152. Crotonis Oleum. Skin disease, in, 109. Croup, 386. Croupal diphtheria, 442. Crying, children and infants, of, 358, 393, 394. Cuprum Aceticum (Acetate of Copper). Menstruation, painful, 129; sup- pressed, 81, 89. Stammering, 421. Vitus', St., Dance, of, 57, 420. Curtains to beds, 12. Custard puddings, to make, 347. Cutaneous (skin) affections, 98-115; children, of, 359. Cuts and wounds, bleeding from, treatment of, 468. Cypripedium (Yellow Ladies' Slipper). Change of life, 174. Fidgettiness, 316. Hysteria, 50. Menstruation, delayed, 41, 50. INDEX. 505 Cypripedium-continued. Menstruation, painful, 129. suppressed, 89. Neuralgia, 41. Nymphomania, 197. Pregnancy, fidgettiness, restlessness, and sleeplessness in, 316. Tumour, vascular, of, urethra, 211. Vagina, hypersensitiveness of, 224. Womb, neuralgia of, 257. Cystocele (displacement of anterior part of vagina), 217. D. Deafness, 458; throat, 439. Deaf-dumbness, 458. Death, apparent, of, new-born child, 341. Death, drowning, from, 475. homoeopathic treatment, under, 27; Digitalis in, 27; efforts at menstruation, with, 74; epilepsy, with, 60-70; fainting, with, 35, 70-74; fancies attending, 25; Ferrum in, 35; food, various kinds, desire for, 25; forcing measures inadmissible in, 23, 24; Graphites in, 27; headache, with, 43; Helonias in, 27, 35; Hepar, 27; Hydrastis, 30; hysteria in, 45-56; hydropathy in, 76; Ignatia in, 25; Iris in, 26; Ly- copodium in, 28; Mercurius in, 28; Moschus in, 28; Natrum Muriaticum in, 28; neuralgia, with, 40; Nux Vomica in, 26, 36; pain before and after food, with, 25; physical defects, from, 23; Plumbum in, 29; Pulsatilla in, 25, 39, 75; Senecio in, 76; Sepia in, 29, 39; Silicea in, 29; Sulphur in, 30; Veratrum Album in, 29; Veratrum Viride in, 24; Vitus', St., Dance, with, 57; Xan- thoxyllum in, 30. Delivery (Child-birth), see Labour, 333 -341. Delivery, diet after, 346. Fainting after, 74. Putting straight after, 340. Rest after, requisite, 142, 341. Depression, 35. Derangements of circulation, medi- cines for, 24. Derbyshire-neck (Goitre), 450. Diarrhoea, 33; in children, 397. back pains, in, with, Nux V., 33; Puls., 34. Diarrhoea, bilious, Cham., Merc. V., 33; Iris, Podoph., 34. Diarrhoea, blood, streaked with, Merc., 33. 368. Debility, 22, 34. menstruation, delayed, from, 34; precocious, from, 22. Deformities of children, 373. Delayed menstruation, 23-76.—Acid, Nitric, in, 24; Acid, Phosphoric, 25; Aconite, 24, 74; Aletris, 30; Aloes, 39, 75; anemia, with, 34; appetite, disorders of, with, 27; appetite, want of, with, 25; causes of, 24; Argentum in, 30; Argentum Nitricum in, 28; Ar- senicum in, 26, 35, 39; baths, hot, mustard, in, 76; Belladonna in, 43, 74; Bryonia, 74; Cactus in. 75; Calcarea in, 35; Carbo Vegetabilis in, 26; catalepsy, with, 56; Caulophyllum in, 75; causes of, 23; Chamomilla in, 25, 44; China in, 26, 35; chlorosis, with, 35, 36; chorea, with, 57; Cicuta in, 27; Cimicifuga, 45, 75; cir- culation, derangements of, with, 24; Conium in, 75; constipation, with, 31; constitutional delicacy, from, 23; cramps, with, 45; cravings, with, 25, 27; diarrhoea, with, 25; (Pulsatilla), 33; diges- tion, derangements of, with, 24, Diarrhoea, children, of, 397. causes, epidemic, fatality, treatment of, 397, 400. Diarrhoea, chills with, Merc. V., 33. chronic, Sulph., 34. coldness with, Ars., Verat. Alb., 34. Diarrhoea, copious, 34. cramps, with, Cup., Verat. Alb., 34. 2 L 2 506 INDEX. Diarrhoea, delayed menstruation, with, 33. Diarrhoea, dinner, after, Nux Vom., 33. Diarrhoea, diet for, 34. eggs, stirred, like, Merc. V., 33. Diarrhoea, face, pale, with, 83; sunken, 33. Diarrhoea, fermenting, as though, Rheum, 33. Diarrhoea, frequent, Nux Vom., Verat. All., 33. Diarrhoea, meals, after, China, Nux Vom., 33. Diarrhoea, morning, Podoph., 34; Nux Vom., 33. Diarrhoea, mucus, with, Merc. V., Nux Vom., 34; Puls., 34. Diarrhoea, night, at, Ars., 33; Puls., 34. Diarrhoea, pains, tearing, with, Ars., Cham., Verat. Alb., 33. Diarrhoea, perspiration, cold, with, Ars., Verat. Alb., 33. Diarrhoea, perspiration, forehead, on, with, Verat. Alb., 33. Diarrhoea, pea-soup, like, Podoph., 34. pregnancy, in, 308. prostration, Verat. Alb., 33. Diarrhoea, putrid-smelling, Podoph., with, Ars., 34. Diarrhoea, scanty, Nux Vom., 33. straining, with, 33. vomiting, with, Ars., 33. watery, Ars., 33; Puls., 34. Diet, children, for, 369. chlorosis, 38. consumption, in, 389, 390. convalescence, for, 346. epilepsy, in, 69. lying-in chamber, for, 347. married life, for, 295. pregnancy, for, 301. young girls, for, 11. Digestion, derangements of, 24, 25, 29; causes of, 24. Digestion, derangements of, children, in, 393-414. Digestion, derangements of, pregnancy, in, 303, 304. Digitalis (Fox-glove), action of, 2. Appetite, disorders of, 27. Change of life, faintness at, 177. Fainting fits, 73. Heart-disease, 73. Menstruation, delayed, 27; painful, 129; suppressed, 90. Nymphomania, 198. Scarlatina, 433. Dilutions, high, viii.; low, ix. medicines, of, viii., ix. Dinner, 295; children, for, 370. Dioscorea (Wild Yam-root). Piles, change of life, at, 182. Diphtheria, 438-442. Dislocations, 469. Doctor, choice of, for the confinement, 331. Dog-bites, treatment of, 474. Dose, question of, viii., ix. Doses, medicines, of, viii., ix. Draught, ill-effects of, 13, 102. Dress, children, of, 369, 372. girls, of, 15, 76. married ladies, for, 295. pregnancy, during, 301. Dropsy, abdominal, 312, 313. chest, of, 313. general, 312, 313. ovarian, 285, 288-292. pregnancy, of, 313. vulva, of, 200. womb, of, 279. Drosera (Sundew). Blood, spitting of, in pregnancy, 311. Consumption of the lungs, 393. Hooping-cough, 381. Drowning, death from, treatment of, 475. Drugs, crude, action of, 2. Dulcamara (Woody Nightshade). Cold in the head, 377. Hooping-cough, 381. Leucorrhoea, 230. Menstruation, painful, 129; sup- pressed, 81. Nettle-rash, 113. - Skin affections, 109, 111, 201, 204, 206, 207. Vulva, pustules on, 207. Dumbness, 450. INDEX. 507 Dysmenorrhoea (painful menstrua- tion), 119-140. E. Ears, affections of, 454. Deafness, 457. Discharges from, 456, 457. Substances in, 454. Wax, alterations in, 457. Earache, 455, 456. Eating between meals, 295. Eau-de-Cologne in fainting, 71. Erythema, 106. Eczema, 105, 108, 109, 110, 200, 462. Education, children, of, 371. Girls, of, 10, 11. Physical, 371. Egg-flip, 348. Elaps, consumption of bowels, in, 405. Elephantiasis, 106. Epidermis (the outer skin), 99. Epilepsy, 60-69, 420. Aura, of, 61. Brain, altered, in, 63. Causes of, 61. Children, in, 420. Fits of, 62. Nature of, 61. Results of, 62. Treatment of, 63, 420. Erigeron (Fleabane). Flooding, 269. Leucorrhoea, 230. Menstruation, profuse, 153. Erysipelas, children, of, 460. Erythema, 105-108; children, of, 459. Eupatorium (Crosswort). Albuminous urine, 313. Dropsy, ovarian, 291. Pregnancy, longings of, 303. Euphrasia (Eyebright). Eyes, inflammation of, 452. Eyelids, inflammation of, 453. External organs of generation. Abscess of, 189. Affections of, 187-216. Aphthæ, 200. Ascarides, 211. Cancer of, 215. Chancre on, 209. Condylomata on, 210. Dropsy of, 200. Erysipelas, 188. Inflammation, 187. Injuries of, 187. Neuralgia of, 211. Nymphomania of, 196—199. Edema of, 201. Pruritus, or troublesome itching of, 192. Pustules on, 207. Skin diseases of, 200. Tumours of, 212-214. Ulcerations of, 208, 209. Varicose veins of, 190. Warts on, 210. Worms (thread) on, 211. Exercise, daily out-door, for children, 372. Married ladies, for, 294. Eyes, disease of, 451. Inflammation of, 451. Infants, in, 358. Eyelids, inflammation of, 358, 453. Dropping of, 454. F. Face, anemia in, 35. Greenish, Ars., 35. Pinched, Ars., 35. Pregnancy, pinched, in, 296. Sunken, Nux Vom., 35. Swelling of, Ars., 35. Fainting, 70, 74, 176. Blood, loss of, from, 71. Causes, 70, 71. "Change of life," at, 176. Delivery, after, 74. Description of, 70, 74. Fits, management of, 71. Falling of the womb, 258-262, 264. Fallopian tubes, 7. False pains, 333. Families, indebtedness of, to Homœo- pathy, 367. Female diseases, prevalence, 5. Importance of treating, 2. Fevers of children, 422-443. 508 INDEX. Feverishness of children, 423. Feeding, infants, of, 361, 362. Feet and legs, swelling of, Ars. Puls.,39. Ferrum. Anemia, in, 34, 312. Chlorosis, change of life, 182. Flooding, 269. Hooping-cough, 382. Leucorrhoea, 230. Menstruation, irregular, suppressed, 35, 90. Menstruation, painful, 130. profuse, 153. Piles, change of life, at, 182. Varicose veins, vulva, of, 191. Fidgets, the, in pregnancy, 316. Fig-warts, vulva, the, on, 210. Filix Mas (Male Fern). Chorea, 59. Vitus', St., Dance, 59. Worms, intestinal, 59. Fire-places, open, disadvantages of, 13, 14. Flesh, gain of, pregnancy, in, 311. Flooding, 267, 272, 321, 322. Delivery, after, 74, 271, 322, 343. Polypi from, 265, 266. Pregnancy, during, 267, 268, 322. Fluoric Acid. Piles, long-standing of, in, 191. Flushes, change of life," at, 165. Follicles, hair-sweat, 100. Fomentation, painful menstruation, in, 139. 66 Fomentation, pads, to make, 130; use of, 140, 247. Food, infants', 362. Fractures, to distinguish and treat, 468, 469, 470. Freckles, 100. Fright, effects of, Acon., Opium, 79. Fruit-cream, 351. G. Galium (Cleavers). Cancer in womb, of, 215, 278. vagina, of, 237. Galvanism, chloroform after, 474. Hysteria, in, 54. Gathered breasts, 345, 346. Gathered fingers, 467. Gelseminum (Yellow Jessamine, or Woodbine). Abortion, 299. Brain, inflammation of, 418. Catalepsy, in, 56. Catarrh, children, 377. Change of life, 168, 173. Child-crowing, 388, 445. Chills, labour, in, 335. Diarrhoea, 309; pregnancy, of, 309. Diphtheria, 442. Earache, 455. Fidgettiness in pregnancy, 316. Headache, in, 43; pregnancy, in, 315. Hysteria, 50; pregnancy, of, 319. Influenza, 378. Infantile remittent fever, 427. Labour, in, 334, 335.. Leucorrhoea, 231. Menstrual headache, 43. Menstruation, delayed, 41, 43, 50; painful, 130; profuse, 153; sup- pressed, 78, 79, 81, 91. Neuralgia, 41, 317. Ovaries, inflammation of, 285. Pregnancy, hysteria in, 319; neu- ralgia in, 317. Pregnancy, appetite in, 303; rest- lessness and sleeplessness in, 316; neuralgia of, 317. Rheumatic fever, 449. Rickets, 445. Toothache, 317. Typhoid fever of children, 427. General or constitutional diseases of children, 443–450. Generative organs of children, affec- tions of, 458. Girls. C Beds for, 12. Bed-rooms of, 12, 13. Class-rooms, 14. Clothing of, 15. Consolidation of, 18. Dress of, 15. Games for, 15. Gymnastics for, 15, 18. Muscles of, 18. Parties, effects on, 21. Physical powers of, 18. Physical training of, 15, 8. INDEX. 509 Girls-continued. Play for, 15. Posture of, 18, 19. Puberty, at, 4, 5. Sleep, quantity of, 12. Stays, effects of, 19. Study, regulation of, 10, 11. Walking-exercise for, 15. Waywardness of, 11. Glandular enlargements, chronic, 439. Globus hystericus," 46. Glonoine. Change of life, in, 169. Headache, pregnancy, in, 315. Menstruation, delayed, in, 41. Neuralgia, in, 41. Glycerine. Bed-sores, 108. Chafing in children, 108. Chilblains, 108. Consumption, 390. Erythema, 108. Glycerine and milk, 446, 447. Rickets, in, 446. Wasting, in, 447. Glycerole. Calendula, 320. Gelseminum, of, 334. Hamamelis, of, 321. Hydrastis, of, 108. Goitre (Derbyshire-neck), 450. Goose-fleshed, 101. Graphites (Plumbago). Acne, in, 114. Appetite, disorder of, 27. Eczema, in, 110, 202. Herpes, 205. Leucorrhoea, in, 231. Menstruation, delayed, 27. Nipples, sore, 344. Ovaries, inflammation painful, 130; suppressed, 90. Piles, 182. Change of life, at; polypi of womb, 272. of, 285; Pregnancy, appetite in, 303. Pustules on vulva, 207. Skin diseases, in, 110, 202, 205, 207. Varicose veins of vulva, in, 191. Womb, displacements of, 263; polypi of, 272; tumours of, 272. Gravel, children, in, 459. Gruel, oatmeal, advantage of, 347. Make, how to, 346. Skin diseases, in, 114. Green-sickness (Chlorosis), 36. Grief, effects of, 78. Growing, fast, medicine for, 22. Growing-pains, children, nature of, 448. Grubs of the face, 106. Gulping bitter fluid up, of, 25. Gymnastics, 16, 20. Young girls, for, 15, 20. H. Habits of children, 375. Hair, falling-off of, Calc. C., Acid, Phos.-follicles of, 100. Hanging, death from, 475. Hamamelis (Witch-hazel). Blood-spitting in pregnancy, 311. Bleeding at nose, the, in, 116. Cancer-bleeding, 279. Change of life, 182. Flooding, 269. Menstruation, delayed, in, 116; painful, 130; pregnancy, in, 321; profuse, 153; vicarious, 116. Ovaries, inflammation of, 285. Pruritus, 194, 320. Varicose veins, in, 191. Piles, 182, 307. Vulva, itching of, of, 194, 320; tumour of, 214. Vulva, varicose veins of, 191. Head, congestion of blood to, 35. Heart-affection in rheumatism, 448. Heart-sounds in chlorosis, 37. Hæmorrhage, 267, 321; polypi from, 194, 265, 266; pregnancy, during, 321, 322. Hæmorrhoids, change of life, at, 179. Herpes, 108, 203, 461. Hedeoma (American Pennyroyal). Hysteria, 51. Leucorrhoea, 231. Menstruation, painful, 130; pro- fuse, 154; suppressed, 91. Womb, inflammation of, 246. Headache, 35, 43. 510 INDEX. Headache-continued. Change of life," at, 165. Pregnancy, during, 314. Heartburn, pregnancy, in, 305. Heats, "change of life," at, 165. Hellebore. Brain, inflammation of, 418. Epilepsy, 67. 66 Hepar Sulphuris (Liver of Sulphur). Acne, 115. Abscess, in, 189. Change of life, 182. Child-crowing, 388. Breasts, gathered, 346, 365. Menstruation, delayed, 27; profuse, 154. Appetite, disorders of, 27. Ovaries, inflammation of, 285. Bronchitis, 385. Eyes, inflammation of, 452. Eyelids, inflammation of, 453. Piles, 182. Quinsy, 438. Skin diseases, 115. Styes, 453. Vulva, abscess of, 189. tumour, encysted, of, 213. Helonias (Starwort). Abortion, 300, 301. Anemia, 35; pregnancy, of, 312. Chlorosis, 35. Consumption, 392. Digestion, derangements of, 27. Leucorrhoea, 231. Menstruation, delayed, 27, 35; irregular, 119; painful, 131; precocious, 22; profuse, 154; suppressed, 35. Ovaries, inflammation of, 285. Womb, congestion of, 243; dis- placement of, 263; neuralgia of, 258; ulceration of, 253. Hernia (Rupture), infants, of, 358. "Vulva," of, 214 (Arnica, Nux Vomica). Hordeolum (Stye on the Eyelid), 453. Hiccough (Nux Vom.), 26. High dilutions, ix. Hip-disease, 16, 447, 448. Hooping-cough, 379–382. Houses, heating of, 13. Ventilation of, 13. Housemaid's knee, 447. Humpback, 16. Hydrastis (Golden Seal). Acidity, 305. Anus, fissure of, 283. Appetite, disorders of, 30. Aphthæ, infants, in, 407. Breast, gathered, 346, 365; vulva, of, 208. Cancer, in, 215, 237, 278. Diphtheria, 441. Chafing of children, in, 108, 190. Chancre, 209. Change of life, 182; constipation in, 31, 306. Dropsy, ovarian, 291. Eyes, inflammation of, 453. Eczema, 110. External organs, inflammation of, 189. Fistula, vaginal, 241. Influenza, 379. Leucorrhoea, in, 231. Heartburn, 305. Jaundice, pregnancy, of, 310. Menstruation, delayed, 30. 31. Ovaries, inflammation of, 286. Mouth, inflammation of, 407. Piles, 182. Pruritus, 194. Skin affections, 108. Vulva, erysipelas of, 189; inflam- mation of, 189; itching of, 194. Small-pox, 435; ulceration of, 209. Womb, ulceration of, 253. Hydrometra (Dropsy of the Womb), 279. Hypochondriasis, 48. Hypersensitiveness of vagina, 223. Hydrothorax (Dropsy at the Chest), 313. Hydrocephalus (Water on the Brain), 417, 419. Hydrophobia, 474. Hydropathy. Amenorrhea, in, 23. Chorea, in, 60. Delayed menstruation, in, 31, 76. Epilepsy, in, 69. Diphtheria, in, 443. Hysteria, in, 54. Leucorrhoea, in, 235. INDEX. 511 Hydropathy-continued. Menstruation, early, too, in, 22; irregular, 76; painful, in, 139; precocious, 23; profuse, 164. Nymphomania, for, 200. Scarlatina, in, 434. Hymen, imperforate, 23, 217. Hyoscyamus (Henbane). Brain, inflammation of, 417. Change of life, 177. Epilepsy, 66. Faintness, 177. Hysteria, 54; pregnancy, of, 319. Menstruation, delayed, 41, 42, 54; painful, 131; profuse, 154; sup- pressed, in, 79. Neuralgia, 42. Nymphomania, 198. Pregnancy, hysteria in, 319. Hypericum (St. John's Wort). Accidents, in, 471. Leucorrhoea, 231. Menstruation, painful, 131; pro- fuse, 155. Nerves, injuries to, 471. Hysteria, 45-56. ! 66 Catalepsy, relation to,49; boys, in, 46. Causes of, 55. Change of life," at, 174. Chorea, with, 38. Epilepsy, relation to, 48. Fit of, 45, 49, 55; causes of, 47. "Globus hystericus," 46. · Mild cases, 46. Nature of, 45, 46. Ovarian disease, with, 49, 283; joints, in, 48. Pains, nature of, 46, 47. Patients in, duties of, 55. Paralysis, in, 46. Pregnancy, in, 49, 318, 319. Treatment of, 49, 54, 55. Vitus', St., Dance, of, with, 38. Womb affection, simulating, 48. Hysteralgia (neuralgia, or irritable womb), 255. I. Ice-bag in epilepsy, 62. Ices, derangements of digestion caused by, 26. Icterus (Jaundice), 408. Ignatia (St. Ignatius' Bean). Anus, fissure of, 282. Abortion, 298. Appetite, want of, 25. Change of life, in, 169, 173, 174, 177, 183. Chorea, 58. Constipation, 306; pregnancy, in, 306. Derangements of digestion, in, 25. Epilepsy, 67. Fainting fits, 73, 177. Faintness, 177. Grief, effects of, 78. Headache, 43; pregnancy, in, 315. Hæmorrhoids, in, 183. Hysteria, 50; pregnancy, in, 315. Leucorrhoea, 231. Menstruation, delayed, 25, 50, 58. painful, in, 131. profuse, 155. suppressed, 78, 80. Miscarriage, in, 298. Ovaries, inflammation, 286. Piles, in, 183. Polypi of womb, 273. Rectum, protrusion of, 414. Vagina, spasms of, 222. Vitus', St., Dance, in, 58. Worms, thread, 41. Womb, congestion of, 243; polypi of, 273; tumours of, 273. Ill-health, causes of, 20. Impetigo, 105. Indigestion, 24, 25, 27, 173. Change of life, at, 173; pregnancy, in, 302-306. Infants, medicines for, 356, 357, 358. Indifference, feelings of (China), 35. Infant, birth of, 377, 338, 339, 341; before the doctor's arrival, of, 338. Breast, putting to, 343. swelling of, 356. Breathing, first, 338. Bruised in birth, 356. Constipation, 357. Colic, 357. Cord, navel, round neck of, 339. management of, 541. Cry, first, of, 341. Crying of, 358. 512 INDEX. Infant-continued. Dark appearance of, at birth, 341. Diarrhoea of, 357. Eruptions of skin on, 35. Eyes, inflammation of, 358. Feeding of, 361. Feverishness of, 357. First food of, 342, 361, 362, 363. First reception of, at birth, 339. Fresh air, importance of, for, 372. Hand-feeding, 361, 362. Healthy, 341. Hernia (rupture of), 358. Jaundice of, 100, 408. Mother's marks on, 357. Navel-cord, separation of, 357, 358. Starting of, 358. Ophthalmia of, 358. Red-gown of, 357. Restlessness of, 357. Ruptured, 358. Snuffles of, 377. Still-born, 341. Suckling of, 357, 359. Treatment of, at birth, 338, 341. Urine, retention of, 356. Washing of newly-born, the, 341. Water does not pass, 356. Weaning of, 363. Vomiting of, 357. Wet-nurse for, 360, 361. Wind, suffering from, 357. Infantile remittent fever, 423—428. Instruments, delivery, in, 238, 259; deformities for, 374. Spinal, 20. Inflammation. Bowels, of, 405. Brain, of, 417. Bronchi, of, 382. Tubercular, 419. Eyes, of, 451. Newly-born children, in, 358. Purulent, 358. Lungs, of, 368, 382. Treatment of, 383, 384. Ovaries, of, 82, 283. Uterus, of, 244–250. neck of, 250. Vagina, of, 225; acute, 225, 226; chronic, 225, 226, 227-255; simple, 225; specific, 225. •«?i^ykšŸ»peres. It on though ANTONIOONAN 29 a dost noni, montaj Vulva, of, 187. Womb, of, 244–250. Influenza, 378. Injection, vaginal, proper administra- tion of, 255. Iodine. { Anemia, 34. Cancer, womb, of, 278. Consumption, 392. Goitre, 450. Leucorrhoea, 231. Menstruation, delayed, 34; profuse, 155; suppressed, 34, 91, 155. Polypi of womb, 273. Tumours of womb, 273. Whites, discharge of, 231. Womb, inflammation of, 246. Ipecacuanha. Abortion, 300. Blood, loss of, 183. Breathing, difficult, in pregnancy, 411. Bronchitis, 384. Catarrh, in, 377. Cold in the head, in, 377. Change of life, 183. Delivery, after, 343. Dysentery, 399. Cough during pregnancy, 311. Diarrhoea, 33; vomiting, with, 400; children in, 400. Flooding, 267, 270, 322; pregnancy, in, 322. Hæmorrhage, in, 322; pregnancy, duriug, 322. Hooping-cough, in, 381. Labour, in, 335; sickness, in- lochia too abundant, 343. Measles, 434. Menstruation, delayed, 33; painful, 132; profuse, 155; piles, in, 183. Miscarriage, in, 300. Morning sickness, 304, 305. Spitting of blood in pregnancy, 311. Vomiting, 33, 304, 305, 396, 400. children, in, 396. Nausea, of, pregnancy, 304, 305. Iris (Blue Flag). Appetite, want of, 26. Change of life, 169, 173. Diarrhoea, 34, 69, 397; bilious, 397, 400; children, of, 398, 399, 400. I INDEX. 513 Iris-continued. Digestion, derangements of, 26, 173. Genital organs, skin affections of, 201, 207. Headache, 169. Eczema, in, 109, 201. Menstruation, delayed, 26; sup- pressed, 34. Pustules on vulva, 207. Ovaries, inflammation, 286. Rickets, 446. Skin diseases, in, 109. Genital organs, of, 201, 207. Vomiting, children, of, 397. Vulva, eczema of, 201; lichen of, 207. Worms, intestinal, 59. Irritability, 25; nervous, 35. Irritable womb, 255, 256, 257, 258. Irregular menstruation, 76, 117, 118, 119. Itch, the (Scabies), 106, 466; bakers', cooks', grocers', grooms', washer- women, of, 111. Itching, vulva, of, intolerable, 192; pregnancy, in, 320. J. Jaundice, children, of, 399 (Cham., Merc. V.) Jaundice, infants, of, 100, 408; preg- nancy, of, 309. Jaundice, infants, of-false, 100, 408. true, 409. Jelly, mutton, 350. Joints, affections of, hysterical, 48. pains in, hysterical, 48. Joy, effects of, 79; suppression of menstruation from, 79. Juglans (Butter-nut), eczema, in, 109, 202. Herpes, 205. Skin affections, in, 109, 202, 205. K. Kali Bichrom. (Bichromate of Potass). Catarrh, children, of, 377. Cold in the head, of, 377. Scarlatina, 433. Hooping-cough, 382. Child-crowing, 388. Diphtheria, 442. Kali Carbonas (Carbonate of Potass). Amenorrhoea, 91. Leucorrhoea, 232. Menstruation, profuse, 156. suppression of, 91. Pruritus, 194. Vulva, itching of, 194. Kali Hydriodicum. Leucorrhoea, in, 232. Polypi of womb-tumour, of, 273. Scarlatina, 433. White-swelling, 447. Kali Nitricum. Leucorrhoea, 232. Kidneys, affection of, 312; pregnancy, in, 312. Knees, weakness of, 35 (Calcarea). Knock-knee, 374. Kousso (Tape-worm), 59. Kreosote. Cancer, womb, of, 278. Leucorrhoea, uterine, 250. Menstruation, painful, 132. profuse, 156. Pregnancy, morning sickness, 305. Pruritus, 194. Vulva, itching of, 194. Womb, inflammation of, 247. wind in, 280. L. Labour, 531, 333, 337, 339, 340. Aconite in, 334, 335. Abdominal belt after, 355, After-management of, 342. After-pains, 342. Arnica in, 339, 340, 341. Caulophyllum in, 334. Bowels, regulation of, 355. Chills after, 355. • Cimicifuga in, 334. Convulsions after, 355. Diet after, 346. Duration of, 333. Exercise after, 354. 514 INDEX. Labour-continued. False pains, 322. First stage of, 334, 335. Flooding, 267, 322, 343. Feverishness after, 355. Forcing-pains, 336. Gelseminum in, 334, 335. Indigestion after, 355. Ipecacuanha in, 335. Lobelia in, 335. Management of, 333, 356. Natural, 332, 333, 337. Preparations for, 331. Preparatory pains of, 334. Pulsatilla in, 334. Real pains of, 333. Rest after, 352. Safety of, 332. 'Show, the," during, 334. Sleep after, 340. Tedious, 337. (C Termination of, 337. Treatment after, 352. Tremblings in, 334. "Waters," gush of, 337. Ladies' Calendar, 478-489. Ledum (Wild Rosemary). Menstruation, profuse, 157. Lavender-water in fainting, 71. Lachesis. Amenorrhoea, 92. Change of life, 166, 178. Displacement of vagina, 220. Epilepsy, 67. Fistula, vaginal, 241. Flooding, 270. Leucorrhoea, 232. Menstruation, painful, 132; profuse, 156; suppressed, 92. Nymphomania, 198. Ovaries, inflammation, 286. Womb, displacement of, 263. inflammation of, 246. Laurocerasus (Cherry Laurel). Menstruation, profuse, 157. Left-handedness, 374. Legs, cramps in, 34. weakness of, 34, 378. Lepra, 106. Leptandria (Tall Speedwell). Change of life, 183. Jaundice, pregnancy, of, 310. Leucorrhoea, 232. Piles, 183. Longings, chlorosis in, of pregnancy, 302, 303. Leucocythemia (white-cell blood), 36. case of, 36. Leucorrhoea (whites, discharge of- fluor albus), 77, 121, 132, 134, 143, 190. Change of life, at, 185. Children, of, 190. Menses, between the, 77. Menstruation, painful, with, 121; profuse, 143. Uterine, 121, 248-250. Vaginal, 226, 227-236. Womb, from, 121, 248-250. Yellowish, 35. Lice, infesting external organs, 212. Lichen (aggravated Eczema), 105, 111, 206. Bakers', cooks', grocers', grooms', washerwomen, of, 111. Debility from, 111. Varieties-simple, agrius, red-gown, 111. Lips, herpes on, 203. Lobelia (Indian Tobacco). Change of life, 183. Labour, in, 335. Piles, 183. Lochia (the discharge after delivery), 141, 343. Abundant, too, 141, 343 (China, Ipec.) Offensive, 343 (Ars., Bapt.) Lungs, consumption of, 12, 13, 389; diseases of, 376-393. Free play of, 19. Inflammation of, 368, 382. Lycopodium (Club Moss). Amenorrhoea, 92. Acidity, 305. Appetite, disorders of, 28. Change of life, 183. Chorea, 59. Fistula, vaginal, 240. Gravel, 459. Heartburn, 305. Herpes, 205. Inflammation of lungs, 384. Leucorrhoea, 232. INDEX. 515 Lycopodium-continued. Menstruation, delayed, 28; painful, 132; profuse, 157; suppressed, 92. Nettle-rash, 113. Piles, 183. Skin disease, 205. Varicose veins of vulva, 191. Vitus', St., Dance, of, 59. Womb, polypi of-tumours of, 273 ; wind, in, 280. Worms, intestinal, 59. Lying-in room, diet for, 346. Management of, 332—340, 346. Temperature of room, 353. M. Mad dogs, bites from, 474. Magnesia Carb. Amenorrhoea, 92. Menstruation, painful, 133; profuse, 157; suppression, 92. Magnesia Mur. Amenorrhoea, 92. Menstruation, painful, 133; profuse, 157; suppression, 92. Marks, face, on, 99; mother's, 99; skin, on, 99. Malignant purple fever, 428-431. Marasmus (Wasting of Children), 446. Married life, disorders of, 293. Marriage, age for, 293. Considerations affecting, 293. Management of health after, 293, 294, 295. Meals, rest after, 11; study after, 12. Measles, 432; treatment, 433, 434; bastard kind, 432 (Rubeola). Meat, rules for taking, 11. Meconium, 356, 359. Medical rubbing, 17. Consumption, in, 390. Epilepsy, in, 74. Leucorrhoea, in, 235. Menstruation, painful, in, 139. Paralysis of children, in, 420. Hysteria, in, 54. Spinal affections, 17. Medicines, vii.—ix. Preparation of, 367. Rules for administering, ix., 32. Membrane, womb, interior of—exuda- tion from, 122, 144. Bromine, 125. Lachesis, 132. Inflammation of, 248. Membranes, rupture of, in labour, 337. Mental work, limit of, 11. Menstruation, 1, 2, 6, 9. Absence of, 23; approach of, 4. Bathing during, 10. Care before and during, 10. Cessation of, or change of life, 164, 186. Changes in the system during, 9. Commencement of, 4. Delay of first, 23; causes of, 23. Derangements attending, 23, 24, 25. Definition of, 6. Design of, 2, 9. Deviations in, 4. Early, 22; treatment of, 22. Establishment of, 6. Effects of, 9. Essentials to, 9. Excessive, 140. First, the, delay of, 23. Forcing of, 2, 10, 23; management of, 23. Fluid of, the nature of, 9. Importance of, 1. Intention of, 9. Irregular, 76-78, 117. Management of, 23. Meaning of, 6. Neuralgia during, 122. Organs of, 6, 9. Ova, discharge of, 7. Ovaries, changes in, during, 7, 8. Painful, 77, 119-140; causes of, 121; ; 120; congestion, from, mechanical causes, from, 123 membrane, shreds of, with, 122 neuralgia, with, 122; rheumatism, from, 122; relief of, 120; va- rieties of, 121. Precocious, 22; from debility, 22; treatment of, 22. Pregnancy, during, 90, 321. Process, 9. Profuse, 77, 140-164; caused by fevers of various kinds, 141; im- portance of attention to, 141. Quantity of, at one period, 9, 140. Scanty, 119. ; 516 INDEX. Menstruation-continued. Suppression of, 23-98; acute, 78; causes of, 78; chill, from, 80; fright, from, 79; grief, from, 79; joy, from, 79; medicines for, 78- 82, 83; passion, from, 79; chronic, 83. Warnings of approach of, 10. Womb during, 9. Vicarious, 116. Varieties of, 77. Menorrhagia (Profuse Menstruation), 142. Mercurius Iodidi. Consumption, bowels, of, 405. Diphtheria, 441. Glandular swellings, 439. Polypi and tumours of womb, 274. Sore throat, 437. Tonsils, enlarged, 439. Metrorrhagia (Flooding), 267; causes of, and treatment-polypi, from, 265. Mesenteric disease-consumption of the bowels, 404. Millar's asthma-child-crowing, 387; rickets with, 445. Mothers, duties of, 4, 11, 76, 369, 372, 375, 389. Mother's marks (nævi), 99, 357. Mouth, inflammation of, 406. Mortification of, 407. Mouth of the womb, stricture of, 455. Mercurius Corrosivus (Chloride of Mercury). Chorea, in, 59. Condylomata, 210. Diarrhoea, frequency of, 309. Dysentery, 599. External organs, affections of, 208, 209, 210. Mouth, inflammation of, 407. Scarlatina, 433. Sore throat, 437. Vitus', St., Dance, 59. Vulva, ulceration of, 208. specific, 209. Warts, on, 210. Womb, ulceration of, 254. Worms in, 59. Mercurius Vivus (Metallic Mercury). Acne, 113. Amenorrhoea, 28, 33, 41, 92. Appetite, disorders of, 28. Ascarides, 59, 211, 410. Breasts, gathered, 345, 364. Catarrh, 377. Chorea, 59. Cold in the head, 377. Constipation, 32, 402, 403. Cow-pox, 437. Diarrhoea, 33; children, of, 398, 399, 400. Displacements of vagina, 221. Earache, 455. Eczema, 110, 202. Eyes, inflammation of, 452. External organs, inflammation of, 188. Fistula, vaginal, 240. Hooping-cough, 382. Jaundice, pregnancy, of, 310; true, 409. Leucorrhoea, 232. Menstruation, delayed, 28, 33, 41. profuse, 158. Mumps, 439. Neuralgia, 42. Pregnancy, appetite in, 303. Pruritus, 194. Quinsy, 438. Rheumatic fever, 449. Skin diseases, 207. Small-pox, 435. Sore throat, 437. White-swelling, 447. Womb, cold in, 323. 110, 115, 202, inflammation of, 246. Worms, 410. Vagina, spasms of, 222. ascarides of, 211. Vulva, itching of, 194. pustule of, 207. parasites of, 211. Milk, asses', 361. Coming of, after delivery, 343. Composition of, 361. Cows', 361. Crust, of infants, 463. Delay of, 345. Fever, 343. Goats', 361. Mother's, 359, 360. . INDEX. 517 Milk-continued. Poor, 345, 360. Plentiful, too, 345 (China, Calc., Helonias). Scanty, 345. Sweet, to keep, 351. To get rid of, 344 Miscarriage, 297, 301. (See under Abortion.) Mitchella (Partridge-berry). Amenorrhoea, 93. Bleeding at nose, 116. Menstruation, painful, 133. suppressed, 93. vicarious, 116. Morning sickness, 2. Pregnancy, of, 295, 304. Moschus (Musk). Amenorrhoea, 28, 51, 93. Appetite, disorders of, 28, 302. Change of life, 178. Cough during pregnancy, 311. Fainting fits, 73. Faintness, 178. Hysteria, 51; pregnancy, in, 319. Menstruation, delayed, 28, 51. profuse, 158. suppressed, 93. Nymphomania, 198. Pregnancy, appetite in, 302. Mezereum (Common Mezereon). Lucorrhoea, 232. Mumps, 438. Myrica (Bay-berry) Fistula, vaginal, 241. N. Natrum Muriaticum. Amenorrhoea, 93. Appetite, disorders of, 93. Chorea, 38. Menstruation, delayed, 28. painful, 133. profuse, 158. suppressed, 93. Vitus', St., Dance, 38. Nausea, 33, 295. diarrhoea, with Ipecac., Podoph.), 33, 34. Pregnancy, in, 303, 304. (Cham., Navel-cord, management of, 339. Separation of, 341, 358. Navel, pains at (Merc. V.), 33. Starting in infants, 358. Necklace, spar, of, in Derbyshire- neck, use of, 450. Nervousness, 34. Delayed menstruation, with, 34. Change of life," at, 174. Nettle-rash, 111-113. Nervous affections, children, in, 414— 422. Young people, 39-74. Neuralgia, treatment of, 40. Vulva, of, 211. Womb, of, 256. "Noma Pudendi," mortification of vulva, 208. Nose-bleeding, 469. Nursery, the, children, of, 369, 372. Nurse-maids, influence of, 375. Nurse, monthly, choice of, 330. Duties of, 330, 344. Qualities of, 330. Nux Moschata (Nutmeg). Amenorrhoea, 53, 93. Hysteria, 53. 66 Menstruation, delayed, 53. painful, 134. suppressed, 93. Neuralgia of pregnancy, 317. Nipples, 100, 460; areola of, 100. Cracked, 344. Depressed, 324, 344. Hardening of, 324. Management of, in pregnancy, 324, 325. Moisture from, 325. Sore, 344. Suckling, during, 343. Tender, 324. Nightly terrors of children, 375. Nipple-shield, 344. Nitric Acid. (See "Acid, Nit.") Nux Vomica. Abortion, 298. Acne, 114. Appetite, disorders of, 26. Amenorrhoea, 26, 32, 33, 36, 42, 44, 45, 53, 57. Anemia, 36. Anus, fissure of, 282. 518 INDEX. Nux Vomica-continued. Anxiety, 36. Brain, inflammation of, 418. Catalepsy, 56. Catarrh, 377. Chorea, 47. Cerebro-spinal fever, 430. Cold in the head, 377. Constipation, 32, 33, 57. Consumption, 392, 302, 306, 402, 404; bowels, of, 404. Cough during pregnancy, 311. Cramps, 45; pregnancy, in, 318. Diarrhoea, 33; pregnancy, of, 308; children, of, 401. Fissure of anus, 282. Flooding, 270. Headache, pregnancy, of, 315. Morning sickness, 304. Paralysis of children, 420. Pregnancy, appetite, voracious, dur- ing, 303. Pregnancy, constipation, 306. fidgettiness, of, 316. cramps, 318. nausea, of, 304. piles, of, 303, 307. restlessness and sleep- lessness, of, 316. Pregnancy, spasms, 318. Rectum, protrusion of, 414. Rheumatic fever, 450, Rickets, 445. Womb, displacement of, 262. Nymphaea (White Pond Lily). Cancer, in, 237. Nymphomania, 196, 199. Definition of, 196. Diet for, 199. Treatment of, 196, 200. 0. Oddities, consideration for, in young girls, 11. Edema, or Dropsy, vulva, of, 200. Oleander. Chafing of children, 107. Olive Oil. Application of, to abdomen, in preg- nancy, 320. Anointing the body with, in scarla- tina, 434. Onanism, 61, 375. Ophthalmia, children, of, 451, 452, 453. Neonatorum, 358; newly-born in- fants, of, 358. Opium. Amenorrhoea, 31, 58, 79, 94. Brain, inflammation of, 418. Change of life, 170. Chorea, 58. - Constipation, 31; pregnancy, of, 307. Convulsions, 416. Epilepsy, 420. Labour, in, 334. Menstruation, suppressed, 79, 94. Nymphomania, 198. Polypi, nasal, 274. Pruritus, 195. Urine, retention of, 314. Vagina, displacements of, 221. Vulva, inflammation of, 195; itch- delayed, 31, 58; ing of, 195. Womb, polypi of, 274. Opodeldoc, Arnica, Calendula, 38. Organs, generation of-affections of, 187-216. Otorrhoea (Discharge from the Ears), 456. Ovarian disease, 456. Ovaries, 7. Cancer of, 288. Change of life, at, 8. Connection of, 7. Disease of, 23, 95, 141. Dropsy of, 287, 288. Hysteria, in, 285, 49. Inflammation of, 82, 283. Irritation of, 95. Menstruation, at, 89. Puberty, at, 7. Shape and size of, 7. Structure of, 8. Tumours of, 287. Ovariotomy, 292. Ovum, 7, 8. Menstruation, period of, at, 7, 8. Oxygen, necessity for, 12, 14, 19. INDEX. 519 P. Pain before and after food, 25. Painful menstruation (dysmenorrhoea), 119, 120-140. Causes of, 120. Congestive, 121. Fissure of the anus, with, 281. Mechanical, 123. Membranous, 122. Neuralgic, 122. Rheumatic, 122. Treatment of, 124. Varieties of, 121. Palms of the hands, burning in, 35. Palpitation, 34, 35. Pancreatic emulsion in consumption, 390. Paperhangings, poisoning from, 474. Parties, injurious effects of, on young girls, 20. Injurious effects of, on married ladies, 294. Paralysis, children, of, 419. Hysterical, 46. Pediculi (lice), to destroy, 454. Perambulators, dangers of, 272. Pessaries, unnecessary and injurious, 261. Perspiration, composition, 102; folli- cles, 100, 101; importance of, 101; insensible, 101; object of, 101; production of, 101; quan- tity of, 101; sensible, 101. Pertussis (Hooping-cough), 379. Petroleum. Eczema, 110, 202. Fistula, vaginal, 241. Herpes, 205. Skin affections, 110, 202, 205. Phosphoric Acid. phoric). Phosphorus. (See Acid, Phos- Action of, 102. Amenorrhoea, 94. Change of life, 178. Flooding, 270. Inflammation of the lungs, 394. mouth, of, 407. Infantile remittent fever, 428. Leucorrhoea, 233. Measles, 434. Menstruation, painful, 134; pro- fuse, 159; suppressed, 94. Nymphomania, 199. Pneumonia, 384. Typhoid fever of children, 428. Physometra (Wind in the Womb), 280. Physiology, the importance of a know- ledge of, 2, 21. Physical training, boys, of, 18; girls, of, 15, 18. Phthisis (Pulmonary Consumption), 12, 13, 389. Phytolacca (Poke-weed). Amenorrhoea, 95. Cancer, 238, 278. Catarrh, 378. Consumption of bowels, 404. Diphtheria, 441. Flooding, 270. Herpes, 205. Menstruation, painful, 135; fuse, 160; suppressed, 95. Ovaries, inflammation of, 286. Skin disease, 205. Womb, ulceration of, 255. Pigeon-breast, causes of, 20. Piles (Hæmorrhoids), 116, 125, 128, 179, 191. Change of life, at, 179. Pregnancy, in, 307. Platina. Pimples, 100; vulva, on, 207. Pityriasis, 105. Placenta (After-birth), management of, 339. pro- Amenorrhoea, 51, 96. Change of life, 171. Flooding, 270. Hysteria, 51. Leucorrhoea, 233. Menstruation, delayed, 51; painful, 135; profuse, 160; suppressed, 96. Nymphomania, 199. Ovaries, inflammation of, 286. Pruritus, 195. Vagina, hypersensitiveness of, 224; spasms of, 223. Vulva, itching of, 195; tumours of, 214. Womb, neuralgia of, 258. - 2 M 520 INDEX. Plumbum (pure metallic lead, obtained by precipitation). Anus, fissure of, 282. Appetite, disorders of, 29. Constipation, 32, 404. Epilepsy, 68. Menstruation, delayed, 29; profuse, 160. Paralysis of children, 420. Pneumonia (Inflammation of the Lungs), 141, 382. Treatment of, 383, 384. Podophyllum (May-apple). Amenorrhoea, 34, 95. Change of life, 170. Jaundice, pregnancy, in, 310. Menstruation, delayed, 34; painful, 135; suppressed, 95. Ovaries, inflammation of, 286. Piles, 308. Poisons, treatment of, 472. Poisoning from paperhangings, 474. Polypi, fissure of anus, with, 281. Small local application to (Opium), 281. Symptoms of, 264. Treatment, 272. Varieties, 265. Womb, of the, 264, 265, 266. Posture, girls, of, 19. Potassium, Bromide of. Epilepsy, 69. Potass, Chlorate of, 407. Procidentia of the womb, 259. Psoriasis, 106. Profuse menstruation (Menorrhagia), 140-164. Causes, 141, 142. Character, 142. Child-bearing, frequent, from, 143. Course of, 142. Inflammation of the womb, from, 141. Over-suckling, caused by, 143. Sewing machines, resulting from use of, 141. Treatment of, 145–163. Varieties, 142, 143. Prostration, 22, 35. Prolapse, vagina, of, 217; womb, of, 258-262; treatment, 260, 264. Prunus Spinosa (Blackthorn). Leucorrhoea, uterine, 250. Menstruation, profuse, 160. Pregnancy, 9, 82, 295–332. Abdomen, fissures of, 320; unyield- ing, 320; walls of, during, 320. Acidity, 305. Albumen, passing of, 313. Anemia, 312. Appetite during, 301; loss of, 302. Bearing-down during, 321. Bosom, alteration of, 296. Breathing, difficult, 311. Constipation, 306. Cough, 311, 314. Cramps of, 318. Cravings during, 302. Diarrhoea, 308. Diet for, 301. Dress during, 301. Dropsy of, 312. Duration of, 296. Fancies, 302, 303, 320. Feet to be kept warm, 301. Fidgettiness of, 316. Floodings, 321. Fæœtus, excessive movements of, 323. Headache, 314. Heartburn, 304. Hæmorrhoids, 309. Hæmorrhage, 321. Hysteria, 318. Itching of pudenda in, 320. Kidneys, affections of, 312. Leucorrhoea during, 321. Longings of, 302, 303. Menstruation during, 90, 321. Miscarriage in, 296. Morning sickness, 295. Natural, 296. Nausea in, 295. Neuralgia, 317. Nipples, darkening of, 296 ; pressed, 324. Piles, 307. Precautions to be observed, 296. Predominating feelings in, 320. Pruritus, 320. Reckoning of, 296. Restlessness, 316. Sickness of, 295. Signs of, 295, 296, 325. Sleeplessness, 316. de- INDEX. 521 1 Pregnancy-continued. Spasms of, 318. Spitting of blood, 311. Troubles of, 301. Term of, 201. Varicose veins, 313. Vomiting of, 304; blood during, 304. "Whites," the, during, 321. Womb, displacements of, 321, Pruritus (troublesome itching), 106. Vulva, of, 192, 320. Puerperal fever, 355. Puberty, 4, 5, 10. Approach of, 5, 10. Changes at, 4, 10. Constitution, effects on, 5, 10. Delicate, in the, 5. Diet during, 11. Healthy, in the, 5. Nature of, 5. Scrofulous, in the, 6. Studies during, 10, 11. Time of occurrence of, 4, 5, 10. Pulsatilla (Wood Anemone). Abortion, 299. Acidity, 305. Action of, 367. Amenorrhoea, 25, 39, 43, 52, 75. Appetite, disorders of, 25. Bronchitis, 385. Catarrh, children, in, 377. Change of life, 166, 170, 175. Chlorosis, 39. Cold in the head, 377. Consumption, 391. Cough during pregnancy, 311, 314. Diarrhoea, 34; children, of, 401. Earache, 456. Eczema, 110, 202. Erythema, 107. Eyes, inflammation of, 452. Eyelids, inflamed, 453. Flooding, 271. Headache, 43. Heartburn, 305. Hip-disease, 448. Hooping-cough, 382. Hysteria, 52. Infantile remittent fever, 427. Labour, 334. Leucorrhoea, 234. Measles, 433, 434. Menstruation, delayed, 25, 34, 39, 43, 52, 75. Menstruation, irregular, 117. painful, 135. profuse, 160. suppressed, 95. Nettle-rash, 112. Neuralgia, 317. Rickets, 445. Skin disease, in, 110, 202. Styes, 453. Toothache, pregnancy, in, 317. Typhoid fever of children, 427. Vagina, spasms of, 223. White-swelling, 447. Womb, congestion of, 244. Pudding, baked, 350. Custard, 347. Light, 350. Rice, 350. Sago-sauce for, 351. Purpura, 106. Pustules, 100. Vulva, of, 267. Q. Quarrelsomeness in children, 35. Chamomilla, Helonias, 35. Quinsy, 438. R. Ranunculus (Crowfoot). Cancer, 238. Eczema, 110, 203. Skin affections, 110, 203. Rash after delivery, 356. Ratanhia (Rhatany). Anus, fissure of, 282. Recreation, children, for, 369. Walking one of the best, 15. Walks for young girls not sufficient, 15. Young girls, for, 15. Rectum. Descent of, 412. Old people, in, 413, 414. Pregnancy, in, 308 (Podoph.) Fissure of, 282. 522 INDEX. Rectum-continued. Irritation of, 409, 410. Protrusion of, 34, 412; in adults and children, 412, 413. Diarrhoea, with, 34. Rectocele (prolapse of the posterior portion of vagina), 217, 218, 219 -222. Recto-vaginal fistula, 238. Red-gown, or Red-gum, delivery, after, 356. Infants, in, 111, 463. "Regular," being, 6. Relief of bowels, regular, the, advised, 31. Respiration, diseases of, in children, 376, 393. Importance of, interfered with by dress, 15 by stays, 15. Restlessness, pregnancy, in, 316. Rete-mucosum, 100. Retroflexion, womb, of, 260. Retroversion, womb, of, 258, 260. Revalenta, use of, 347. Rheumatic fever, 448; heart affected in, 448, 449, 450. Children, of (acute), 448, 449, 450. Rheumatism, 448. Chorea, with, 69. Heart-disease, in, 448, 449, 450. Rheum (Rhubarb). Diarrhoea, 33. Children, of, 398, 400. Menstruation, delayed, 33. Rhus (Poisonous Sumach). Acne, 115. Amenorrhoea, 82. Breasts, gathered and inflamed, 345. Eczema, 203. Erysipelas, 188. Glandular enlargements, 439. Herpes, 205. Menstruation, painful, 136; pro- fuse, 160; suppressed, 82. Nettle-rash, 112. Neuralgia, 317; pregnancy, in, 317. Scarlatina, 433. Scrofula, 439. Skin diseases, 110, 115, 203, 205. Toothache, 317; pregnancy, in, 317. Vagina, inflammation of, 226. Vulva, inflammation, erysipelatous, of, 188. Rice-cream, 351. Rice-milk, 350. Rice-pudding, 350. Rice-water in diarrhoea, 34. Rickets, 444, 445, 446. Ringworm, 461. Riding exercise advised, 15, 294. Rose-rash, 105, 460. Rubeola (Bastard Measles), 432. Rumex (Yellow-dock). Leucorrhoea, 234. Rupture (Hernia), children, of, 358. Vulva, of, 215. Ruta (Rue). Menstruation, profuse, 161. Worms, round, 412. S. Sabina (Savin). Abortion, 300. Amenorrhoea, 96. Condylomata, 210. External organs, warts on, 210. Flooding, 271; pregnancy, during, 322. Hæmorrhage, 271. Leucorrhoea, 334. Menstruation, painful, 136; pro- fuse, 161; suppressed, 96. Nymphomania, 199. Vulva, tumours of, 213; warts on, 210. Womb, displacement of, 264; irri- tability of, 258. Saliva, profuse flow of, 313; running of, in pregnancy, 313. Sanguinaria (Blood-root). Amenorrhoea, 96. Chancre, 209. Change of life, 166, 170. Flooding, 271. Glandular enlargements, 439. Leucorrhoea, 234. Menstruation, painful, 136; pro- fuse, 161; suppressed, 96. Scrofula, 439. Skin diseases, 207. Vulva, ulceration of, 209. INDEX. 523 Sanguinaria-continued. White-swelling, 447. Womb, ulceration of, 254. Sambucus (Elder). ! Asthma of Millar, 388. Catarrh, cold in coryza, 377. Child-crowing, 388. the head, or Snuffles in children, 377. Santonin (the active principle of Ar- temisia, or Worm-seed). Chorea, 59. Tapeworm, 59. Vitus', St., Dance, 59. Worms, intestinal, 59, 411. Sarracena (Huntsman's Cup). Small-pox, 435. Sarsaparilla. Scabies (the itch), 466. Eczema, 110, 203. Gravel, 459. Leucorrhoea, 234. Skin affections, 110, 203. Scald-head, 463. Scalds, treatment of, 471. Scanty menstruation, 119. Scarlatina, 432, 434. Contagion of, 434. Prevention of, by administration, night and morning, of Belladonna, 431. Treatment of, 433. School-rooms, ventilation of, 14. Scilla (Squills). Albuminous urine, in, 313. Scrofula, nature of, 444. Scrofulous enlargement of glands, 439. Scutellaria (Skull-cap). Change of life, 175. Fidgettiness, sleeplessness, and rest- lessness, 316. Scurvy, 106. Sea-bathing, rules for, 106. Secale (Ergot of Rye). Abortion 300. Amenorrhoea, 96. Cancer, womb, of the, 279. Epilepsy, 68. Flooding, 271; pregnancy, during, 322. Leucorrhoea, 234. Menstruation, painful, 136; profuse, 162; suppressed, 96; miscarriage, 300. Self-delection, 61; epilepsy caused by, 61. Senecio (Raywort). Amenorrhoea, 51, 76, 97. Change of life, 171, 175. Leucorrhoea, 234. Hysteria, 51. Menstruation, delayed, 61, 76; ir- regular, 117; profuse, 161; sup- pressed, 97. Sepia (prepared Sepia). Abortion, 301. Acidity, 305. Acne, 115. Brown stains on the face, 97. Amenorrhoea, 29, 31, 44, 52. Appetite, disorders of, 29. Cancer, womb, of, 279. Change of life, 166, 171. Chlorosis, 39. Diarrhoea, 309. Eczema, 111. External organs, inflammation of, 188. Fistula, vaginal, 240. Flooding, 274. Headache, 32, 44, 316. Herpes, 205. Hysteria, 52. Leucorrhoea, 234. Menstruation, delayed, 29, 39, 44, 52; painful, 137; profuse, 162; suppressed, 39, 80, 97. Nettle-rash, 113. Ovarian dropsy, 291. Polypi, 274. Pregnancy, headache of, 315; sleep- lessness of, 316; jaundice, 311; nausea, 303, 304. Pruritus, 195. Skin diseases, 111, 113, 115, 203, 205. Vagina, displacement of, 221; in- flammation of, 226. Vulva, inflammation of, 188; itch- ing of, 195. Womb, displacement of, 264; ulce- ration of, 254. Sensation, seat of, 101. 524 INDEX. Sensitiveness, contradiction, to, 35, 36; light, 35; noise, 35; scents, 35. Sewing machines, ill effects of, 141. Shell-fish, derangements caused by, 111, 112. Shingles, 106, 461. Shoes, thick, or clump-soled, advantage of, 15, 294. Shortness of breath, 22. Shoulders, round, or stooping, treat- ment of, 19, 20. "Show, a," delivery, before, 334; pregnancy, during, 321, 322. Silicea (Silex, Pure Flint). Abortion, 299. Amenorrhoea, 29, 97. Appetite, disorders of, 29. Breast, gathered, 346. Fissure of anus, 282. Fistula, vaginal, 240. Glandular swellings, 439. Leucorrhoea, womb, from, 250. Menstruation, delayed, 29; painful, 137; profuse, 162; suppressed, 97. Rickets, 446. Styes, 453. Vulva, tumour of, 213, 214. White-swelling, 447. Womb, ulceration of, 254. Worms, thread, 411. Sitting-rooms, ventilation of, 14. Sitz-baths, 103, 139. Skin, abrasion of, 467. Absorption through, 193. Affections of, explained, 100. Anemia, in, 37. Chlorosis, in, 37. Diseases of, 99-115; children, in, 459. Diseases of, menstrual irregularities, with, 98. Scrofula, in, 444. Structure of, 99, 100. Sensitiveness of, 101, 102; import- ance of, 102. Sleep, confinement, after, 340. Girls, for, 12. Infants, 367, 372. Married ladies, of, 294. Sleeplessness, 316. Small-pox, 435, 436; varieties of, 436. Snuffles, children, in, 377. Snake-bites, treatment of, 474. Sore throat, 437. Soup, macaroni, to make, 341; rabbit, 350; stock, 340. Spasms, legs, of (Verat. Alb.), 33; pregnancy, in, 318; uterine, 123; vaginal, 222. Speculum, use and abuse of, 252. Spigelia (Pinkroot). Amenorrhoea, 42. Change of life, 172. Chorea, 60. Earache, 456. Menstruation, delayed, 42. Neuralgia, 42. Vitus', St., Dance, in, 60. Spinal couches, 18. Spinal instruments, 20. Spinal irritation, 38. Spine, affections of, 16, 17, 18—20. Angular curvature, 16; age of oc- currence, 16; causes of, 16; pre- vention of, 17; treatment of, 17. Lateral curvature, 16; indications. of, 17; instruments for, 20; pre- vention of, 17; progress of, 16. Stays, caused by, 19. Treatment of, 17, 18, 20. Spitting of blood, pregnancy, in, 311. Varieties of, 16. Spongia (Burnt Sponge). Child-crowing, 368. Croup, 386. Goitre, 450. Menstruation, profuse, 162. Sponging, daily, children, for, 371; girls, for, 23; scarlatina, in, 433, 434; tepid, 103; married ladies, 294. Spotted, or cerebro-spinal fever, 428, 431. Sprains, treatment of, 471. Stains or marks on the face, 99, 100. Stammering, causes of, and treatment, 420, 421, 422 Stannum (Pure prepared Tin). Displacement of vagina, 221. Worms, round, for, 411. Staphysagria (Palmated Larkspur). Amenorrhoea, 53. Hydrocephalus, chronic, 419. INDEX. 525 Staphysagria-continued. Hysteria, 53. Menstruation, delayed, 53. Pruritus, 195. Vulva, itching of, 195; warts on, 419. Water on the brain, 419. Womb, polypi and tumours of, 274. Stays. Breathing, effect on, 15. Ill-effects of, 19. Spinal distortion caused by, 20. Sterility, causes of, 121, 122, 227, 249, 255, 283. Stockings, warm, importance of, 15. Stimulants, effect of, 369. Unnecessary, children, for, 369. confinement, the, for, 332. Unnecessary, pregnancy, in, 301, 302. Unnecessary, suckling, for, 364. Stings of bees and wasps, 472. Stomach, derangement of, 25—31; children, in, 395, 396. Stone in the bladder in children, 459. Strains, treatment of, 471. Stooping, 19. Studies, regulation of, children, in, 371; girls, for, 10, 11, 23. Strabismus (Squinting), 454. Stramonium (Thorn-apple). Amenorrhoea, 52, 57, 68. Brain, inflammation of, 418. Change of life, 179. Child-crowing, 388. Chorea, 57, 420. Epilepsy, 68. Fainting fits, 73. Faintness, 179. Headache, 315. Hysteria, 319. Menstruation, delayed, 52, 57; pro- fuse, 164. Millar's asthma, 388. Nymphomania, 199. Stammering, 421. Vitus', St., Dance, 57, 420. Straining, diarrhoea, with (Merc., Rheum), 33. Strophulus (Red-gown), 111, 356. Suckling, excessive, 363. Prolonged, 363. Rules for, 343, 357, 359, 389. Sunlight, effect on children, 369. Sun-stroke, treatment of, 472. Surgical treatment. Deformities of children, in, 373. Ovarian disease, in, 292. Painful menstruation, in, 123. Tumours of vulva, in, 212. Tumours and polypi of the womb, in, 275. Sulphur (prepared Sulphur). Abortion, 299. Acidity, 305. Acne, 115. Amenorrhoea, 31, 32, 34, 45. Appetite, disorders of, 30. Atrophy, or wasting-children, of, 447 . Catarrh, 378. Change of life, 175. Chorea, 59. Cold in the head, 378. Constipation, 32, 307, 402, 404. Consumption of the bowels, 494. Cramps, 45. Diarrhoea, 34, 398, 399, 402. Displacements of vagina, 221. Eyes, inflammation of, 452. Eyelids, inflammation of, 453. Fistula, vaginal, 241. Flooding, 272. Goitre, or Derbyshire-neck, 450. Herpes, 206. Heartburn, 305. Hooping-cough, 382. Leucorrhoea, 235. Menstruation, delayed, 30, 32, 34, 45; painful, 137; suppressed, 97. Nettle-rash, 115. Nymphomania, 199. Piles, 184, 307. Change of life, at, 184. Pruritus, 195. Rickets, 446. Skin diseases, 111, 113, 115. Small-pox, 435. Sun-burnt, 100. Vaginal fistula, 241. Vulva, inflammation of, 188. 526 INDEX. Sulphur-continued. Vulva, itching of, 195. tumours of, 213, 214. warts on, 210. Warts, for, 454. Womb, displacement of, 264; ul- ceration of, 254. Worms, intestinal, 411. Sulphite of Soda-thrush, in, 406. Sulphuric Acid. (See Acid, Sulphuric). Sun-burnt or tanned, 100. Susceptibility, heightened, hysteria in, 47. Sweat-follicles, 100, and quantity of, 101. Sweets, children, effect on, 370. Sweet-bread, 351. Swooning, 70, 73. Syncope (fainting), 70. Synovial membrane of knee, in- flammation of, 447. Syphilis, 101, 106. System, general, state of, at menstrual period, 9. T. Tepid baths, 103. Bathing, 103. Packing, 104. • 101; object Tamus Communis (Black Bryony). Black-eye, 467. Bruises, 467. Chilblains, 466. Tea, 295, 368, 370. Temperaments, various effects on dis- ease, 101. Tepid bandage, scarlatina, in, 433; sore throat, for, 437. Sponging, advantages of, 103. Scarlatina, in, 433. Thread-worms, or ascarides, 190. Vulva, of, 211. Teucrium (Cat-thyme). Ascarides, in, 59, 411. Chorea, 59. Vitus', St., Dance, 59. Worms, intestinal, 59, 411. Thrush (Aphthæ), 405, 406. Thuja (Arbor-vitæ). Thumb, sucking of, 375. the Cancer, womb, of, 279. Condylomata, 210. External organs, warts on, 210. Ovaries, inflammation of, 287. Polypi, 274. Pruritus, 195. Tumour, vascular, of urethra, 211. Vulva, inflammation of, 195. Warts on, 210. Warts, for, 454. Womb, polypi and tumours of, 274 ;· ulceration of, 254. Tight-lacing, effects of, 19; preg- nancy, in, 301. Tinctures, viii., 2; to drop, x. Toast-and-water, to make, 347. Tonsils, deafness from, 439. Chronic enlargement of, 439. Inflammation of, 438. Toothache, pregnancy, in, 317. Tooth-bleeding, troublesome, after ex- traction, 469. Trillium (Ground Lily). Flooding, in, 272; pregnancy, in, 322. Hæmorrhage, in, 272, 469. Leucorrhoea, in, 235. Nose-bleeding, profuse, in, 469. Menstruation, profuse, 164. Triturations, viii. Tumours. Cancerous, breasts, of, 325. Encysted, of external organs, 212. Fatty, 325. Fibroid, 266. Ovarian, 287. Uterine, 264, 275. Vaginal, 236. Vascular, 211. Vulva (encysted), 212, Womb, of, 264, 275. Tympanitis, uterine, 280., Typhoid fever of children, or infantile remittent, 424-428. U. Ulceration of the womb, 251. Effects of, 251. Results of, 252. Treatment, 252-255. INDEX. 527 Ulcers. Specific (chancre), 209. Rodent, or eating, 215. Vulva, of, 209. Urethra, vascular tumour of, 211. Urine. Albuminous, 313. Dribbling of, 314. Forcing of, 314. Pregnancy, in, 312, 313, 314; pro- fuse, 458. Retention of, hysterical, 47, 52; pregnancy, in, 314. Scarlatina, after, 313, 433. Urticaria (Nettle-rash), 111-113. Children, in, 460. Uterus. (See Womb.) V. Vaccination, 436. Vagina (the canal leading to the uterus), 216. Affections of causes and treat- ment, 217-242. Bearing-down of, 217. Cancer of, 236. Congestion of, 226. Contraction of, 236. Displacement of, 217-219. Fistulas of, 238. Indurations of, 236. Inflammation of, 225. Leucorrhoea of, 227, 235. Narrowness of, 236. Prolapse of, 217. Spasm of, 222. Tumours of, 236. Whites, discharge of, from, 227- 235. Vaginal fistulas, 238. Vaginismus (Spasm of the Vagina), 222, 224. Vaginal leucorrhoea, 226. Valerian. Amenorrhoea, 98. Hysteria, 53. Menstruation, suppressed, 98. Variola (Small-pox), 435. Varioloid (modified Small-pox), 436. Varicose veins, 190, 214, 313. Pregnancy, in, 313. Vulva, of, 190, 214. Ventilation, 12, 13, 14. Bed-rooms, 12, 13. Churches, of, 14. Class-rooms, 14. Factories, of, 14. Houses, of, 13. Importance of, 12, 13. Method of, 13. Sitting-rooms and school-rooms, of, 14. Ventilators, 14. Veratrum Album (White Hellebore). Amenorrhoea, 29, 33, 45, 98. Appetite, disorders of, 29. Change of life, 172, 179. Cramps, 45; pregnancy, in, 318. Diarrhea, 33; children, of, 398, 399, 491. Fainting fits, 73. Menstruation, delayed, 29; painful, 137; profuse, 163; suppressed, 98. Nymphomania, 199. Pregnancy, morning sickness of, 305. Nausea, 305. Spasms, 318. Vomiting, children, in, 397. Worms, intestinal, 59. Veratrum Viride (Green Hellebore). Amenorrhoea, 58, 98. Brain, inflammation of, 418. Cerebro-spinal fever, 429. Change of life, 172. Chorea, 58. Consumption, 391. Infantile remittent fever, 428. Influenza, 379. Measles, 434. Menstruation, delayed, 24, 58; painful, 138. Nettle-rash, 111. Ovaries, inflammation of, 287. Piles, change of life, at, 185. Pruritus, 196. Skin disease, 111. Typhoid fever of children, 427. Vagina, inflammation of, 226. Vesicles, 100. Vitus', St., Dance, in, 58. 2 M 2 528 INDEX. Veratrum Viride-continued. Vulva, inflammation of, 188; itch- ing of, 196; womb, inflammation of, 246. Vesico-vaginal fistula, treatment of, 238. Vesicles, vulva, on, 207. Vicarious menstruation, 116. Bleeding at the nose in, 116. Blood-spitting, of, in,116; vomiting, 116. Blotches on skin in, 116. Congestion of blood to head and chest in, 116. Despondency, with, 116. Viola Odorata (Sweet Violet). Scald-head, in, 465. Worms, in, 412. Viscus Album (Mistletoe). Epilepsy, 69. Vitus', St., Dance (Chorea). Amenorrhoea, with, 57. Anemia, with, 57. Chlorosis, with, 37, 57. Consumption, tendency to, with, 57. Nature of, 57. Treatment of, 57, 420. Voice, loss of, hysterical, 46. Vomiting. Bilious, 33. Children, of, 395, 396. Diarrhoea, with frequent, 33; in- fants, of, 395. Grass-green, 33 (Ipec.); inclination to, 33; pregnancy, of, 304. Vulva (external organs of generation, the), 187. Adhesion of, 187. Cancer of, 215. Closure of, 23, 217. Aphthæ of, 208. Dropsy of, 200. Inflammation of (Vaginitis), 87; children, in, 190. Injuries of, 187. Irritation of, 190, 320. Itching of, 192, 320, pregnancy, in, 320. Neuralgia of, 211. Parasites on, 212. Skin affections of, 200. Varicose veins of, 190. Pustules and pimples on, 207. Ulcerations of, 208. Warts on, 210. Worms on, 210, W. Walking, best exercise, 15; breakfast, before, injurious, 12. Warts, eyelids, on, 453. Vulva, or external organs, on, 210. Wasps and bees, stings of, 472. Wasting of children, 446, 447. Water on the brain, 417, 418. Water on the chest, 313. Water, a glass of, on rising, for con- stipation, 31. Water, passing of, after confinement, 353. Waywardness, consideration for, in young girls, 11. Weaning, time for, and management, 363. Weariness (Calc. C.), 35. Wet feet, effects of, 295. Wetting the bed, 458. Whites," the (see Leucorrhoea), 77, 121, 132, 134, 143, 190; children, in, 190. White-leg, after confinement (Acon., Puls.), 355. White-swelling, 447. Wind in the womb, 280. Windows, importance of opening, 13; ventilation by, 13. Wine-glasses, size of, for medicines, ix. Womb (Uterus), 6, 7. Affections of, 6, 242-280. Anteflexion, 258. Causes of, 242. Hysterical, 48. Results of, 6. Cancer of, 275, 276. Change of life, at, 6. Cold in, 323. Cauliflower excrescence of, 275. Clots, expulsion of, from, 144. Congestion of, 242. Displacement of, 142, 321, 462. Dropsy of, 279. Flooding from, 264-267, 321, 322. Hæmorrhage from, 321, 322. INDEX. 529 Womb-continued. Inflammation of, 244, 264-267. Cervix, or neck of, 244. Irritability of, 257. Leucorrhoea from, 121, 248. Ligaments of, 7. Lining of, 7. Membrane, shreds of, from, 122, 142, 144. Menstruation, cessation of, at, 6; during, 6, 7, 9. Neuralgia of, 122, 256. Neck of, affections of, 253. Polypus of, 264, 272. Pregnancy, during, 9. Prolapsus of, 258-262, 264. Retroflexion, 260. Retroversion, 258. Rheumatism of, 122. Scirrhus of, 275. Shape of, 6. Situation of, 6. Size, 6. Stains on the face attending disease of (Sep., Caul.), 100. Tumours of, 264-272; fibroid, 265; vascular, 266. Ulceration of, 253. Virgin, 6. Wind in, and from (Physometra), 280. Worms, 59, 190, 409–412. Chorea caused by, 59. Medicines for-Baryta, Cina, Colo- cynth, Filix Mas, Ipec., Lyco- pod., Merc., Ruta, Santonin, Stannum, Sulph., Teucrium, Verat., Viola. Varieties-long, round, 59; pin, 59; tape, 59; thread, 59. Wounds, 468. Arteries, of, 468. 1 Bleeding from, 468, 411. Palm of the hand, of, 469. Treatment of, 468. Veins, of, 468. X. Xanthoxyllur (Prickly Ash). Appetite, disordered, 30. Menstruation, delayed, 30. Painful, 138. Stomach, fluttering in, 31. Zinc. Young girls, acne of, 114; erythema, 107. Training of, 4, 5, 10, 11, 16, 76, 77. Y. Amenorrhoea, 58, 98. Brain, inflammation of, 418. Chorea, 58. Z. Consumption, 392. Menstruation, delayed, 58: painful, 138. profuse, 163. suppressed, 98. Nymphomania, 199. C 66 Ovaries, inflammation of, 287. Vitus', St., Dance, 58. Whites," the, discharge of, 235. Zizia Aurea (Yellow Alexander). Amenorrhoea, 98. Epilepsy, 69. Leucorrhoea, 235. Menstruation, profuse, 163. suppressed, 98. Whites," the, discharge of, 235. ILLUSTRATIONS OF LEATH AND ROSS'S HOMEOPATHIC FAMILY MEDICINE CHESTS. 159 Ju Shot No. I. 0 23 7.9 S No. IA. For description of these Cases, see next page. MINUMEN TREE BEEAT & BOSS EARNICA No. 20. CALENDULA Leuil FATHER-30 2 1 DESCRIPTION OF FAMILY MEDICINE CHESTS, AS ILLUSTRATED ON PREVIOUS PAGE. No. 1-Is a Mahogany Accident Case, containing six Tinc- tures for external use, in stoppered bottles; Plaister, and a Book of Directions.-This case will be found most useful in all cases of Accident-Cuts, Wounds, Bruises, Scalds, Sprains, Strains, Abrasions of the Skin, Blisters from Rowing, Riding, or any violent exercise. Price 25s. Flat Morocco Accident Cases, suitable for travelling, containing eight external Tinctures, and a Book of Directions. Price 25s.; without a Book, and containing six Tinctures, 20s. No. 20-Is a Flat Morocco Case, containing thirty-six of the most useful Medicines, in one drachm bottles; it is a port- able and convenient Case for domestic use; very suitable for those who occasionally leave home and require an assortment of Medicines in a compact and portable form. It can be filled with Tinctures or Pilules as may be desired. Price 28s. 1 No. IA-Is a very useful Mahogany Case, containing thirty- seven of the most useful Medicines for internal use, and seven Tinctures for external use, with a Guide, instructing how to use both internal and external remedies. The direc- tions are clear and simple, and easy to understand. The Case can be fitted to contain the internal remedies in Tinc- tures or Pilules, at the option of the purchaser. Price 42s. Illustrations of Leath and Ross's Homœopathic Family Medicine Chests. No. 12. Price 84s. NICA ISTER SOMAS ARNICA CALENDULA PLAISTER EXPLORISS 唱​頭 ​小費 ​JWS DEV 大​運 ​面 ​We QUENDEN 收藏 ​七味​生 ​UNDUEN 52.9 For description of these Cases, see page 4. Bgg 餐​環​環​慢​養 ​每​早​最​可 ​全​友 ​遠​雄 ​活 ​慢​演 ​夏​草 ​55 特長 ​黃仁 ​188 Th J NY & OILED STA CH NICIADES No.16. Price £5 5s. 5 养 ​20 你 ​4 ! DESCRIPTION OF FAMILY MEDICINE CHESTS, AS ILLUSTRATED ON PREVIOUS PAGE. No. 12-Is a Handsome Vertical Mahogany Case, con- taining Laurie's "Epitome of Domestic Medicine," New Edition, edited by Dr. Gutteridge, handsomely bound, and the sixty-eight chief remedies prescribed in that work for internal use; also the ten most useful Tinctures for external use, with plaister and drop conductor for measuring off the drops when fitted with Tinctures. This is a very suitable Case for domestic use; for the use of clergymen and those who have a numerous household. The internal remedies can be supplied in Tinctures or Pilules at the option of the purchaser, the price being the same in either case. Price complete, 84s. No. 16-Is a Handsome Mahogany Handsome Mahogany Case, containing Laurie's "Epitome of Domestic Medicine," New Edition, edited by Dr. Gutteridge, handsomely bound, and the ninety-six remedies prescribed in that work; also ten Tinc- tures for external use, with every necessary for administering and dispensing Homeopathic remedies. This is a very suit- able Chest for persons going abroad, for the missionary, for clergymen in large parishes, and for household practice. In Tinctures or Pilules. Price £5 5s. er 5 CATALOGUE OF HOMEOPATHIC WORKS PUBLISHED AND SOLD BY LEATH & ROSS, Homeopathic Chemists, JEWRY HOUSE, OLD JEWRY, E.C., And 9, VERE STREET, OXFORD STREET, W. LONDON. Messrs. LEATH & ROSS beg to state that they will supply promptly, Post Free, any of the following Works, the price of which is, or exceeds, One Shilling. Arnica, Calendula, Cantharides, Causticum, Rhus, and Urtica, as External Remedies. 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The drawings are chiefly made from natural specimens; and, to ensure correctness, the author has secured the services of Mr. Henry Sowerby, the Assistant Curator of the Linnæan Society. N.B.-Only a few copies remaining. Two vols., royal 8vo, Cloth, gilt tops. Price £3 3s. Hempel (Dr. C. J.)-A Comprehensive System of Materia Medica, &c., for the use of Practitioners and Students in Medicine. This Work forms an admirable compendium of Homœopathic Materia Medica and Therapeutics; and is alike valuable to the Physician and Student. It is enriched by a Repertory, by W. H. Watts, M.R.C.S., England; and also possesses a complete Glossary of Medical Terms; a Clinical Index, &c. Complete in One Volume, Cloth, price 20s. Hempel (Dr. C. J.)-System of Materia Medica. With many additional Medicines; a Repertory, expressly written for this edition, by W. H. Watts, M.R.C.S., England; a Clinical Index; Glossary of Medical Terms, &c., &c. 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New Laurie (Dr. J.)-Homoeopathic Domestic Medicine. Completely re-arranged and revised by R. S. Gutteridge, M.D. The most comprehensive Guide published for the use of Families, Emigrants, and Missionaries, being free of all techni- calities. The present edition contains, in addition to the symp- toms and treatment of all general Diseases, including those of Females and Children, many important new chapters, comprising among others the specific Characteristic Effects of all the New American Remedies, plain Directions for the treatment of Accidents, and Illustrations delineating the minor operations in surgery. Hydropathic appliances, Affections of the Eyes (with a description of the eyes and their appendages, and illustrations showing the various parts of the eye). Full Directions are also given for the treatment of Diseases prevalent in tropical climates. A new and concise Dictionary of Medical Terms and Treatment, IO with leading indications of treatment prefixed to the various chapters and divisions. Twenty-seventh Edition. Cloth, 16s.; half-bound, 20s. Cases of Medicines adapted to the work in Pilules or Tinctures from £4 4s. to £9. Laurie (Dr. J.)-Epitome of Domestic Medicine. Thirty-fourth Edition. This Work, like the above, is completely re-arranged, revised, re-written, annotated, and brought down to the present time, with a copious Introduction by R. S. Gutteridge, M.D. The present edition containing many important new chapters and sections, with new features and matter pertaining thereto, is intended as a guide to all who are desirous of com- mencing Homœopathic treatment in their Families. It affords ample instructions in respect to Symptoms, the Remedies indi- cated, and Medicines appropriate for the treatment of Disease, Accidents, &c. Being free from technical phraseology, it can safely be placed in the hands of the non-professional person. Cloth, price 5s.; half-bound, 7s. 6d. Cases of Medicines adapted to the work, in Pilules or Tinctures, £4 4s. and £5 5s. Laurie (Dr. J.)-Parent's Guide; an Elementary Instructor in the Homœopathic Treatment of the Diseases of Childhood. Second Edition. This Work, like the two preceding, and by the same author, is intended for use in Families. It affords simple directions as to the general treatment of diseases common to early life. Commencing with practical advice in respect to Nursing, Feeding, Clothing, &c., it indicates the Homoeopathic Treatment of Disorders, Diseases, and Accidents, of frequent occurrence in childhood. Bound in Cloth, 18mo, price 5s. Laurie (Dr. J.)-Homœopathic Guide, for Family Use. Ninety-sixth Edition. Revised, enlarged, and brought down to the present time by R. S. 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It is strong, neat, and portable. 16 PAPUANLONOLLE KEREMTO No. 6A ARNET NEBESE ATEN "" No. 6A-Is a handsome Mahogany Case, expressly designed for the New Edition of Laurie's "Domestic Medicine, edited by Dr. Gutteridge, and contains all the Medicines that Work prescribes, including the Medicines in the Appendix. The illustration above gives a good idea of the proportions and arrangements of this truly noble Case. In the top are the ninety-nine most useful Remedies, in two-drachm bottles, and the Work bound in calf. The drawer contains, in a movable tray, the eighty-five remedies prescribed in the Appendix, underneath which are placed Medicine Spoon, Lint, Oil Silk, and other useful appliances. At the back of the drawer are the External Tinctures most used, in suitable large-sized bottles; the other four Externals, which are only rarely used, will be found at each end of the Book in the upper compartment. In the cushion of the lid are placed drop-conductor and instruments. Price of the Case, com- plete, £9. Without the tray containing the medicines in the Appendix, £7. T UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN MA Demet qed ti S CI If I 1991 Filmed by Preservation Bound by JAS TRUSCOTT & SON Suffolk Lane LONDON E.C. 3 9015 02012 2969 * *** A: upsta You ca