... - ， ， , , ， … ：（º lyſ：-- -¿? "***" （~~~~）;º -, → · "*** …|- TRANSPORIAI 0N | | 8R ARY H \) 5 5 C 3 . A 5 5 - | | 3 || | Codification of the Shipbuilding Labor Adjustment Board Awards Decisions, and Authorizations With Amendments and Special Rulings Annotated Compiled by J. CALDWELL JENKINS Industrial Relations Division United States Shipping Board * - • * * T. >. - *. * ~, * ...t . . k. * :#" WASPINGTON - GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 1921 Uºnºrſ r:- - - - -: , , or a prº - r * * . . . . . . - . • - § • - - : r . " . ; , ; **- : * * ; i. . . . . . . • * : 2 * * . . . .” - $ º - \, , , $ d * } ; : º, v- S -- * k . ~ $ 3 * > * > * : * ~ * ~ * A-. ºr . W. & a a * *.* ©, - \! codification of the - Shipbuilding Labor Adjustment Board Awards Decisions, and Authorizations With Amendments and Special Rulings Annotated Compiled by J. CALDWELL JENKINS Industrial Relations Division United States Shipping Board *sº º WASHINGTON sºhſ, AºA | . GoyerNMENT PRINTING OFFICE ºrses: "...: "... . . tº 1921 Transportation library H S 5 5-o . A 5 5. | Q \, . . TABLE OF CONTENTS. PART I.-COMPILER'S EXPLANATORY COMMENTS. Creation and purposes of the Shipbuilding Labor Adjustment Board_____ Jurisdiction of the Shipbuilding Labor Adjustment Board Advertising for labor Admittance of business agents to Shipyards Boycotting of “unfair' material Training bonuses Employment managerS Clearance Cards Concrete shipyard wages--- Contract plan or bonus System Daily transportation Dirty work and repair work—Overtime Direct and indirect labor Discharges DraftSmen Examiners, duties of Eight-hour day and Overtime provisions Foremen - Guards, Sergeants, and watchmen Holidays Hospital and medical fee deductions from Wages of employees___________ Identification Cards Installation yards Intermediate rates Subcontractors, jurisdiction of Shipbuilding Labor Adjustment Board_-__ Leadingmen and quartermen Learners Night shift Occupations—Handbook Open and closed shops__ * Outside shops, also called auxiliary plants Paying off men Piece rates Plant Construction Retroactive pay Salaried employees ––. Sanitary provisions prescribed by decisions of the Adjustment Board_-__ Saturday afternoon off Scamping War bonus—Pacific COast Transportation to the job of recruited labor Wood shipyards Concrete shipyards Shipyards On private Construction Page. 7 II 13 14 14 15 16 17 4 * TABLE OF CONTENTS. PART II.-SHIPBUILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD BASIC IDECISIONS — AUGUST 1, 1917, To OCTOBER 1, 1918. North Atlantic and Hudson River decision of April 6, 1918, and amend- ImentS cited Delaware River and Baltimore decision of February 14, 1918, and amend- mentS cited us Newport News and vicinity decision of March 7, 1918, and amendments Cited Baltimore to Savannah (wooden shipyards) decision of March 4, 1918-- South Atlantic and Gulf decision of March 4, 1918, and amendments Cited Pacific Coast decision of November 4, 1917, and amendments cited________ Great Lakes decision of April 19, 1918, and amendments cited.----------- PART III.-SHIPBUILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD BASIC DECISIONs— OCTOBER 1, 1918, To MARCH 31, 1919. 61 80 131 141 146 164 194 229 Memorandum in reference to basis of decisions of October 24, 1918–––––– Atlantic Coast, Gulf, and Great Lakes decision of October 24, 1918, and amendments cited Pacific Coast decision of October 24, 1918, and amendments cited________ Index 236 309 339 PREFACE. This compilation includes the basic decisions of the Shipbuilding Labor Adjustment Board from the time of its creation, August, 1917, until it was dissolved March 31, 1919, together with the special authorizations, interpretations, and rates established from time to time by or with the specific approval of the board. It was not deemed advisable, even if practicable, to attempt to include the rulings and the special rates authorized by the district examiners made without reference to the board, it being assumed that such authorizations would for the present be treated as ultra vires, or at least that it would be incumbent upon the yards to estab- lish such rulings upon which they had acted in good faith. For convenience, it is divided into three parts: . PART I.—A brief summary of the development of the most impor- tant subjects affecting the work of the Shipbuilding Labor Adjust- ment Board, and those closely related to it. | - PART II.-Thé codification of the awards with amendments and interpretations annotated, comprising what was generally known as the “first set of decisions” from August 1, 1917, to October 1, 1918, which covered the following districts established by the board: North Atlantic and Hudson River district. Delaware River and Baltimore district. Newport News district. - - Baltimore and Savannah (Wood Yards) district. South Atlantic and Gulf district. Pacific coast district.— f San Francisco. Columbia River. Puget Sound. - Great Lakes district. •. PART III.-The decisions from October 1, 1918, to March 31, 1919, for the Atlantic coast, Gulf, and Great Lakes shipyards, and for the Pacific coast shipyards with amendments and interpretations anno- tated. By these decisions the board sought to establish uniformity on both coasts. The Atlantic coast decision combined districts on the Atlantic coast, Gulf, and Great Lakes, and the Pacific coast decision likewise combined all districts on that coast and made the rates practically uniform. AUGUST 15, 1920. PART I. COMPILER'S EXPLANATORY COMMENTS. CREATION AND PURPOSES OF THE SHIPBUILD- ING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD. The Shipbuilding Labor Adjustment Board was cre- ated August 20, 1917, composed of three members, one member being appointed jointly by the Emergency Fleet Corporation and the United States Navy Department, one representing the public appointed by the President of the United States, one representing the labor unions appointed by the president of the American Federation of Labor. The Labor Adjustment Board was established for the purpose of adjusting disputes which might arise con- cerning wages, hours, and working conditions of labor engaged in the construction or repair of shipbuilding plants or of hulls and vessels in the shipyards under contract with the Emergency Fleet Corporation or the United States Navy Department. The awards and decisions of the Adjustment Board applied with equal force to employees, shipbuilders, the Corporation, and the Navy Department, related to work in private yards and are binding on all parties unless appeal from the decision rendered by the Labor Adjust- ment Board by any of the parties is made. The purposes of the Adjustment Board have in general been stated as as the “maximum production of ships without interrup- tion by industrial disputes.” In following out this general purpose the duties of the Board have been to standardize Wages and conditions of employment, Select district exam- iners, investigate conditions and disputes, hold hearings, and bring about more stable conditions by their awards. The Board as finally constituted was composed of Mr. V. Everit Macy, chairman, representing the public, Dr. L. C. Marshall, representing the United States Shipping Board Emergency Fleet Corporation and the Navy De- partment, and Mr. Albert J. Berres, representing the American Federation of Labor. The Board’s secretary was Dr. H. R. Seager. Following is the original agreement creating the Board, dated August 20, 1917, as well as the amended agreement of December 8, 1917, under the terms of which the Board acts in the adjustment of disputes: MEMORANDUM FOR THE ADJUSTMENT OF WAGES, HOURS, AND CONDITIONS OF LABOR IN SHIPBUILD- ING PLANTS, AUGUST 20, 1917. When disputes arise concerning wages, hours, or conditions of , Amended Dec. labor in the construction or repair of shipbuilding plants or of 8, 1917, * 10. ships in shipwards under the United States Shipping Board SJHIPBTUILDING LABOR ADJTUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. Emergency Fleet Corporation or under said Shipping Board, or under Contract with said Corporation or with Said Board, ad- justment Of Such disputes shall be subjected to an adjustment board Of three persons, hereinaſter called “the Board,” to be ap- pointed by the United States Shipping Board Emergency Fleet Corporation, one to represent the said Corporation, One to repre- sent the public and to be nominated by the President of the United States, and One to represent labor, the last to be nomi- nated by Samuel Gonnpers. Two persons shall be so nominated by Samuel Gompers—one from the metal trades to sit when the matter under COnsideration concerns COInstruction Of Shipyards Or Steel ships and One ſrom among the trades primarily Concerned to sit When the matter under GOnSideration has reference to wooden hulls. Where Such matter COIncerns Wages, hours, Or COn- ditions applying to the production of both kinds of ships, only One of the LWO said nominees representing labor shall sit On Said board, the question as to Which Of Such nominees is to Sit to be determined between them or in event of their disagreement to be determined by Samuel Gompel's. When matters concerning any plant or plants are before the Board, it shall invite a person representing, and designated by, the Owner or Owners Of Such plant or plants, and also a person representing, Or Selected by the majority of the workers in the particular craft or crafts directly interested in the disputed matters, both of Said representatives to sit with voting power as associate members of Said Board in Con- nection with Such matterS. If a question coming under the jurisdiction of the Board arises with reference to such construction in a private plant in which Construction is also being Calried On for the Navy Department, the Secretary of the Navy or such person as he may designate shall sit with voting power as a member of the Board. In the event of a tie vote, when the Board is SO constituted, the decision shall be referred to the chairman of the Council of National De- fense or to such person as he may designate. This memorandum shall in no way serve as a precedent for procedure in Govern- ment plants under the War or Navy Departments. The plants where such construction is being carried on shall be geographically districted by the Board. In each district, the contractors in whose plants such construction is being carried On, and the representatives Of Such international labor Organiza- tions as have members engaged in Such production Or COnStruction in Such plants, and as are Selected for the purpose by the labor member of the Board, Shall be called upon, under Conditions to be laid down by it, to agree upon a person or persons who Shall act under the direction of the Board as examiner or examiners in such district. If the Board does not Succeed in having an examiner SO Selected, then the BOard Shall by unanimous action Select a person or persons for such position. The examiner shall be subject to removal by the BOard at any time by unanimous vote. It shall be the duty of the district officer of the United States Shipping Board Emergency Fleet Corporation to report promptly to the Board any dispute with reference to wages, hours, or conditions of labor which he is unable to adjust Satis- factorily to the principals concerned ; but the Board will take cognizance of Such dispute when information concerning it comes from any source whatsoever. Before the district officer shall refer Such dispute to the BOard, he shall Confer with the local spokesmen or representatives of Such crafts as are involved in such dispute, or with such authorized heads of any local labor organizations interested therein as may be designated by the labor member of the Board, or on their request with the national head Or heads Of Such Organization Or Organizations or his or their duly authorized representative or representatives. When it appears to the Board that Such dispute can not be so adjusted, it will promptly send an examiner for Said district to Such plant to bring about mutually satisfactory adjustment, the terms of COMPILER’s ExPLANATORY COMMENTS. which shall, if they receive the approval Of the examiner, be in a report submitted by him to the Board for its ratification. If the examiner does not succeed in bringing about such adjust- ment, he shall in his report to the Board recommend terms of adjustment. The Board, after due consideration and Such inves- tigation as may seem necessary, shall decide the questions at issue. As basic standards with reference to each plant where Such construction is being carried on, the Board shall use such Scales of wages and hours as were in force in Such plant on July 15, 1917, and such conditions as Obtained on said date in such plant. Consideration shall be given by the Board to any circumstances whatever arising after such wages, hours, Or conditions were established, and which may seem to call for Changes in wages, hours, or conditions. The Board shall keep itself fully informed as to the relation between living costs in the Several districts, and their comparison between progressive periods of time. The decisions Of the Board shall, under proper Conditions, be retro- active, in which case accounting Such as may be proper Shall be made in a CCOrdance With the directionS Of the Board. . The decisions of the Board will, in so far as this memorandum may be capable Of achieving such result, be final and binding On all parties; but at any time after six months have elapsed following such ratified agreement or any Such final decisions by the Board On any question as to Wages, hours, or conditions in any plant, such question may be reopened for adjustment upon the request of the majority of the craft or crafts at such plant affected by such agreement Or decision. The above final draft being the same with minor changes as that agreed to by the Secretary of the Navy on August 16, is here- by approved. F. D. RoosEVELT, Acting Secretary of the Navy. EDWARD N. HURLEY, Chairman U. S. Shipping Board. W. L. CAPPS, General Manager, Emergency Fleet Corpora- tion. JAs. O'CONNELL, President Metal Trades Department, A. F. Of L. WM. H. JoFINSTON, President International Association of Aſ :I ( hilliSt.S. A. J. BERREs, Secretary-Treasurer, Metal Trades Depart- ment, A. F. Of L. Approved as approved by the above August 20, 1917: SAMUEL GOMPERS. JOSEPH. F. WALENTINE, President International Molders Union, per S. G. Representing the United Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners of America : THEOBALD M. GUERIN, General Executive Board, First District. JOHN DONLIN, President Building Trades Department, A. F. Of L. sº FRANK J. McNULTY, President International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers, per S. G. --- JOHN R. ALPINE, President United Association of Plumbers, Gas, Steam, and Hot Water Fitters, etc., per S. G. MILTON SNELLINGS, President International Union of Steam and Operating Engineers, per S. G. JAS. A. FRANKLIN, President International Brotherhood of Boiler Makers, Iron Ship Builders and Helpers of America, per A. J. B. - JAS. WILSON, President Pattern Makers League of North America, per S. G. J. W. KLINE, President International Brotherhood of Blacksmiths of America, per S. G. Submitted as signed, August 25, 1917 : LOUIs B. WEHI.E. 10 SEIIPBTUILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD Awards. WM. W. BRITTON, President Metal Polishers, Buffers, etc., International Union of North America, per S. G. (Aug. 27, 1917). JOHN J. HYNES, President Amalgamated Sheet Metal Work- ers’ International Alliance (Aug. 28, 1917). MEMORANDUM FOR THE ADJUSTMENT OF WAGES, HOURS, AND CONDITIONS OF LABOR IN SHIPBUILD- ING PLANTS, DECEMBER 8, 1917. When disputes arise concerning wages, hours, and conditions Of labor in the construction Or repair Of Shipbuilding plants, Or of ships in shipyards, under the United States Shipping Board Emergency Fleet Corporation, or under said Shipping Board, or under contract with said Corporation, Or with said Board, Or if questions coming under the jurisdiction of the Board arise with reference to such construction in a private plant in which Con- struction is also being carried On for the Navy Department, and attempts at mediation or conciliation between employers and em- ployees have failed, the adjustment of such disputes shall be referred to an adjustment board of three persons, hereinafter called the “Board,” one to be appointed jointly by the said Cor- poration and the Navy Department, one to represent the public and to be appointed by the President of the United States, and One to represent labor, to be appointed by Samuel Gompers, presi- dient Of the American Federation Of Labor. It is understood, however, that this memorandum shall in no Wise serve as a prece- dent for procedure in Government plants under the War or Navy Departments, except as may be authorized by such departments. The plants where such construction is being carried on shall be geographically districted by the Board. In each district, the contractors in whose plants such construction is being carried On, and the representatives of Such international labor Organiza- tions as have members engaged in such production Or Construc- tion in such plants, and are selected for the purpose by the labor member of the Board, shall be called upon, under Conditions to be laid down by it, to agree upon a person or persons who shall act under the direction of the Board as examiner Or examinerS in Such district. If the Board Cleems it advisable itself to name an examiner Or examiners, Or if the representatives Of the COn- tractors and Of the labor Organization do not agree, then the Board shall by unanimous action Select a person or persons for Such position. The examiner shall be subject to removal by the |Board at any time by majority vote. It shall be the duty of the district officer of the United States Shipping Board Emergency Fleet Corporation to report promptly to the Board, and to the examiner of the district, if such examiner shall have been ap- pointed, any dispute with reference to wages, hours, Or COnditions of labor which he is unable to adjust satisfactorily to the prin- cipals concerned. As basic standards where such construction is being carried On, the Board shall use the Wage rate prevailing in the district in which such plant or plants are located, provided such wage rates have been established through agreements between employer and employees and are admitted to be equitable. Consideration shall be given by the Board to any circumstances arising after such wages, hours or conditions were established, and which may seem to call for changes in Wages, hours, or conditions. Where no Such agreements exist, and where as in the case of new industrial dis- tricts a proper basis of wages and conditions is difficult to deter- mine, the Board shall have the right to put into effect the rates which were awarded after due investigation and determination in other districts in which living conditions and cost of living are substantially the same. The Board shall keep itself fully informed as to the relation between living costs in the Several districts and their comparison between progressive periods of COMPILER's EXPLANATORY COMMENTS. 11 . *s time. The decisions of the Board shall, under proper conditions, be retroactive, and it shall be the duty of the Board to make the decision effective. At any time after six months have elapsed following such ratified agreement or any such final decision by the Adjustment Board on any question as to wages, hours Or conditions in any plant or district, such questions may be re- Opened by the Adjustment Board for adjustment upon request Of the majority of the craft or crafts at such plant affected by such agreement or decision, provided it can be shown that there has been a general and material increase in the cost of living. The decisions of the Board will, in so far as this memorandum may be capable of achieving such result, be final and binding on all parties; provided, however, that either the employers or em- ployees in any district may have the right to appeal from the de- Cisions rendered by the Adjustment Board to a Board Of Review and Appeal to be made up as follows: Three members to be manned jointly by the United States Shipping Board Emergency Fleet Corporation and the United States Navy Department, and three to be named by the President of the American Federation Of Labor. & It is hereby stipulated and agreed that this memorandum shall supersede and stand in, place of the “Memorandum for the Ad- justment of Wages, Hours, and Conditions of Labor in Ship- building Plants' signed August 20, 1917, and that it shall become effective this 8th day of December, 1917. (Signed)— FRANKLIN D. Roos EVELT, Acting Secretary of the Navy. CHARLEs PIEZ, Vice President United States Shipping Board Emergency Fleet Corporation. WILLIAM BIACKMAN, Assistant to General Manager. JAMES O'CONNELL, President Metal Trades Department. JOHN I. NOLAN, International Moulders Union of North America. - J. A. FRANKLIN, International President of Boilermakers, Iron Shipbuilders of America. JoBIN WILSON, President Pattern Makers League of N. A. MILTON SNELLINGS, General President International Union of Steam and Operating Engineers. G. C. WAN DORNES, General Vice President I. B. Of B. & EI. F. J. McNULTY, by J. J. P., I. B. E. W. JoEIN J. HYNES, President Amal. Sheet Metal Workers Of A. - WTTT TAM. H. Joh NSTON, I. A. of M., per P. FLAHERTY. JURISDICTION OF THE SHIPBUILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD. The Shipbuilding Labor Adjustment Board assumed. See Installa- jurisdiction over the following types of work: §§: (a) The construction or repair of shipbuilding plants *. P. *. which are paid for entirely either by the Emergency Fleet Corporation or by the Navy. (b) The construction or repair of ships in shipyards either directly under the Emergency Fleet Corporation and the Shipping Board or under direct contract with either of these corporations. (c) The construction or repair of ships in private plants doing work for the Navy. - (d) The outfitting of the vessels, after launching, with machinery and equipment. (This was recognized in the Oct. 24 decision of the board.) 12 SHIPBUILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. (e) Plants manufacturing ship equipment such as boilers, engines, etc., for Emergency Fleet Corporation vessels, provided that this plant must be inside the ship- yard gate and under the ownership and control of the Same company that was building the ships in the yard. The Adjustment Board did not assume jurisdiction over all classes of occupations in those types of work over which it took jurisdiction. (a) Occupations over which the Adjustment Board did not at first have jurisdiction, but which it later in- cluded. - - (1) Leading men and quartermen were not included in the decision of the board at first, but were taken over by letter of Secretary Seager dated July 11. * (2) Draftsmen taken over in the decision of October 24, 1918. g (3) Guards, watchmen, and Sergeants taken over in the decision of October 24, 1918. (4) Material checkers and storeroom clerks taken over in decision of October 24. (b) Occupations over which Shipbuilding Labor Ad- justment Board has never assumed jurisdiction. (1) Foremen or assistant foremen. (2) Clerical employees. (3) General administrative force. WHERE NO CONTROVERSIES EXIST. 1. It was the original intention of those who drew up the memorandum creating the board and of the board itself that it should have jurisdiction only after disputes had arisen which could not be adjusted between em- ployer and employee. The text of the memorandum of August 20, 1917, and the memorandum of December 8, 1917, is very explicit upon this point. 2. The gradual extension, however, of the board’s juris- diction can be seen— (a) In the application of uniform retroactive dates for shipyards in the Delaware River and the Baltimore districts irrespective of whether a strike has taken place or not. (b) It was further extended in the decision of April 6, in the North Atlantic and Hudson River districts, which applied to all yards irrespective as to whether dis- putes had arisen. Mr. Coolidge, member, Submitted a minority decision on this opinion, stating that there should be “a clear disavowal of any intention to impose the findings of the board upon shipyards within which no disputes between employer and employee had arisen re- sulting in the failure of attempts to mediation and con- ciliation between those directly involved.” The other two members of the board, however, felt that the decisions should be universally applied, as otherwise a premium COMPILER’s ExPLANATORY COMMENTS. wóuld be placed upon striking and interferences with production. * º ** 3. The board developed jurisdiction over the industry as a whole. It thus assumed powers not specifically granted to it by the memorandum, but which it estab- lished since it felt that uniform standards and condi- tions were necessary. * 4. Some employers and some trade-unions have sought to restrict the board’s jurisdiction to that specifically pro- vided for in the two memoranda. Representatives of the Pacific coast unions have insisted upon their right to contract independent agreements with their employers for more favorable wages and conditions of labor than those granted in the decisions of the Adjustment Board. The Fleet Corporation, however, by its contract provi- sions with shipbuilders could prevent shipbuilders from paying wages which the Fleet Corporation did not ap- prove. 5. Carpenters and joiners.-The officials of the Inter- national Union of Carpenters and Joiners did not sign either of the memoranda creating the board. The deci- sions of the Adjustment Board, therefore, were not bind- ing upon the carpenters. However, in practice, with pos- sibly one exception, the carpenters' unions have recog- nized the decisions of the board in the same fashion as the other unions whose officials did actually sign the memoranda. ADVERTISING FOR LABOR. The Fleet Corporation (General Order 135, Nov. 5, 1918) laid down certain regulations aiming to prevent competitive bidding for labor by shipyards. This gen- eral order specified that all advertisements for all un- skilled labor must meet with the requirements of the United States Employment Service, and that all the ship- yards advertising for skilled labor should consult with the United States Employment Service. - All shipyards should first advertise for skilled and unskilled labor in their home district, and if advertising in another State from that in which they were located the authorization of the United States Employment Service must be obtained for unskilled labor, and should be obtained for skilled labor. Every advertisement whether for skilled or unskilled, labor was to contain the following statement: No One Working in an Emergellcy Fleet Shipyard should apply. Wages and working conditions are the same in all such shipyards. No advertisement was to state— (a) The number of men needed. (b) The rate of pay. (c) The amount of overtime or the rate of compensation for - Overtime. 14 SHIPBUILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. (d) Housing, welfare work, Or similar inducements. tº (e) Inviolation of the wage and standards fixed by the Ship- building Labor Adjustment Board. 3. With the armistice this general order became obsolete. ADMITTANCE OF BUSINESS AGENTS TO - SHIPYARDS. The agreement for the San Francisco Bay region, which was incorporated in the November 4, 1917, decision of the Shipbuilding Labor Adjustment Board, specifies that— Business agents of the different crafts shall be given access to the Shop Or yards at the discretion of the management. By agreement between the Seattle unions and ship- yards it was provided that— Business representatives of the different crafts shall have free access to shops or yards at all times, provided they do not inter- fere With Or Cause the men to neglect their WOrk. - The Columbia River agreement, which first established shop committee, provided that if grievances could not be adjusted between a shop committee and the president, “the shop committee shall have the right to call into con- ference with the president a representative chosen by the committee.” This clause is also found in the South Atlantic and Gulf decisions April 6, 1918, the North Atlantic and Hudson River decision of April 8 and the Great Lakes decision of April 19, 1918. In the October 24 decision of the board, a slight change was introduced, provided that the outside representative may be called into conference with the grievance com- mittee when the matter is taken up with the higher offi- cials of the shipbuilding company instead of merely being called in if the committee and higher officials failed to reach an agreement. No orders issued.—Aside from these decisions, the Fleet Corporation itself has never issued orders either prohibiting or granting the right of a business agent to enter the shipyard itself to take up matters inside the yard, either directly with the men or with the manage- ment. This whole question has very largely been left to the management of individual yards, and they have been allowed to do what seems best to them. BOYCOTTING OF “UNFAIR MATERIAL.” . In the Pacific coast decision of November 4, 1917, the board made the following statement concerning the boy- cotting of unfair material: Whatever reasons may be urged in defense of discrimination against so-called unfair material in time of peace, to permit Such discrimination to interfere with the defense of the Nation in COMPILER'S EXPLANATORY COMMENTS. 15. time of war would be intolerable. We trust to the good sense and patriotism of the employees to refrain from such practice when Opposed to the interests Of the Government. In no other cases has the question arisen concerning the boycotting of unfair or nonunion materials, although trouble has been occasioned on the Pacific coast due to the refusal of certain Seattle unions to permit men to install machinery by nonunion firms. TRAINING BONUSES. Five Dollar ($5) Bonuses (or Reimbursement) for Instructor Training. On January 1, 1918, the general manager of the Emer- gency Fleet Corporation authorized the payment of $5 per day as a bonus to each shipyard for each instructor trained in the instructor-training center. Circular Form 448, “Program of Training Department for Emergency Training in Shipyard,” laid down the conditions which yards must fulfill when sending men to be trained as instructors. 1. That the Emergency Fleet Corporation agreed to pay the yards (not individuals sent to the training centers) $5 per day for each employee. Shipyards were expected to provide for any expenses in excess Of this amount. 2. This payment was to be made upon the completion of a COUll'S9. 3. The yards were to enter into an agreement with the men Selected for training and to retain them in their employ for at least six months following the period of this training. The employees were to remain in the employ of the yard for the same period. Discontinued. 4. On January 31, 1919, Director General Piez, by circular letter No. A 10, notified all shipyards— (1) That the Fleet Corporation would not be liable for the payment of any bonuses authorized in circular Form No. 448 for any instructor training which occurred after January 15, 1919. (2) That all claims of yards for such bonuses must be pre- sented to the education and training section of the Industrial Relations Division of the Emergency Fleet Corporation at Phila- delphia not later than February 1, 1919. One Dollar ($1) Day Bonus for Training of Shipyard Workers. On December 12, 1917, General Manager Harris issued a letter stating that— Each shipyard which creates an instruction department for the training of Shipyard workers in a manner satisfactory to our industrial service department, the Emergency Fleet Cor- poration will pay the shipbuilder $1 per day for each man under instruction, one-half of which (or $0.50) is to go to the ship- builder to compensate him for the cost of instruction and the reduction of efficiency While under instruction and one half (or $0.50) is to go to the man under instruction as a premium over the regular wage for undertaking the service, provided that the Shipbuilder will not be paid his share nor the employee his share unless the man relmains in the employ of the company 78 days, including his period of instruction. 16 SEIIBBTUILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. Conditions precedent. The industrial training department in Circular Form No. 447 stated that the following conditions were neces- Sary before the approval of the Fleet Corporation of any training department could be secured: 1. The training department has been established as part of the Organization in the plant. 2. A head of the training department has been appointed, fur- Inishing his name and date of appointment. 3. The training department has been organized as a depart- ment distinct from any other department. 4. The training department is organized with a staff of compe- tent instructors definitely assigned to instructing work in their respective trades. 5. The organization between the training department and pro- duction (lepartments is Such that training can be given On produc- tion WOrk On the job. It should be noted— (1) That payment was not to be made until after the employee has remained in the Service of the company 78 days. (2) That the shipbuilder was paid $1 per day per each man day and the burden was thrown upon him of Seeing that the men were paid their 50 cents per day. Any unpaid bonuses to the men were to revert to the Fleet Corporation. Discontinued. On November 16, 1918, Vice President and General Manager Piez in Circular letter No. A–9 notified all shipyards: w & (1) That the Emergency Fleet Corporation would not be liable for any bonuses as authorized in Circular Form 447 for any train- ing occurring after November 30, 1918. (2) That all claims by yards for such bonuses must be presented to the Education and Training Section of the Industrial Relations Division of the Fleet Corporation at Philadelphia not later than December 15, 1918. (3) That the requirement that the bonus is not to be paid unless the employee remains in the employ of the Company 78 days was waived in the case of any worker who began his train- ing between the dates of September 25 and November 30, 1918. EMPLOYMENT MANAGERS. Shipyards Sending men to the employment manage- ment courses conducted by the War Industries Board were allowed $6 per day reimbursement by the Fleet Corporation. Men not attached to any shipyard but who were ap- proved by the head of the employment management branch were allowed to attend the employment manage- ment courses and later enrolled in the employment man- ºnent reserve. These were allowed a bonus of $4 per ay. Transportation was not furnished in either case, al- though due to misunderstanding, it was provided in a few instances. COMPILER's EXPLANATORY COMMENTs. 17 CLEARANCE CARDS. At varying times certain shipyard companies have re- Quired their shipyard employees to receive from them cards stating that they had been released by the company. In Several instances other shipyards have refused to em- ploy men who did not have such cards. The Fleet Corporation does not recognize the validity of Such cards as a prerequisite for obtaining employ- ment in another yard. Such a system might readily lend itself to a form of black list and as such should be very carefully guarded against. CONCRETE-YARD WAGES. 1. The decisions of the Shipbuilding Labor Adjust- ment Board, of course, apply to concrete shipyards as to other yards under contract with the Emergency Fleet Corporation. 2. Shipbuilding Labor Adjustment Board has ruled that in those trades in concrete-shipbuilding yards which are the same as trades for which the board has fixed rates in the steel shipyards, the Shipbuilding Labor Adjust- ment Board rate shall prevail. 3. Those trades which are confined to concrete ship- building alone such as– (a) Form carpenters. (b) Reinforced concrete steel workers. (c) Concrete laborers and cement finishers. The rates which are to be paid are the prevailing local rates for these trades. These rates are to be determined by the local examiner and approved by the board. 4. Retroactive aspects.-Same retroactive provisions which apply to other shipyards and classes of work apply to concrete shipyards also. CONTRACT PLAN OR BONUS SYSTEM. 1. Prior to the decision of the Shipbuilding Labor Ad- justment Board, there were in effect certain forms of wage payments in Several shipyards in the Delaware River and on the Chesapeake Bay. For instance, it was the custom of the Newport News Shipbuilding Co. to pay a foreman a certain amount of money for a certain amount of work. The foreman in turn made his own rates with the men who worked under his direction. This with variations is commonly termed the “contract sys- tem.” Other yards paid premiums or bonuses to foremen or to laborers upon the completion of certain tasks. 2. The Shipbuilding Labor Adjustment Board in its Delaware River decision of February 14, 1918, made the following ruling: 89811—22—2 18 SEIIL’BTUILDING LABOR, ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. In addition to the Straight-day Wage, and the piece-Wage System, We have fourid in Operation in different yards numerous bonus, premium, and contract system of wage payment. The minimum wage Scale and the piece-rate Scales which we prescribe are de- Signed to introduce a greater degree of uniformity in Connection With wage payments. We, therefore, direct that no bonus or premium in addition to the rates of wages prescribed in this award shall in future be paid, except with the express permis- sion of this board. This is not intended, however, to prohibit Shipyards from paying piece rates to employees in other occupa- tions than those COvered by the appended piece-rate scales. § { 3. The adjustment board in its decision of October 24 made the following further provisions concerning these systems: A primary purpose in adopting a national wage scale for ship- yard employees is to Stabilize labor Conditions. Experience has taught us that the premium, bonus, and contract system of wage payment may, unless controlled, be used to entice employees from One shipyard to another. We, therefore, direct that no further extensions Of the premium, bonus, or contract Systems be made º any Shipyard Without the express written authorization of this Oard. DAILY TRANSPORTATION. 1. Decisions of the Shipbuilding Labor Adjustment Board. Delaware River and Baltimore Shipyards.-In its de- cision of February 14, 1918, corrected and extended to April 6, the Shipbuilding Labor Adjustment Board made the following provision concerning the transportation of workers: We hereby authorize Shipyards whose employees are compelled to expend regularly more than 8 cents for transportation to or from their work to provide such employees with commutation or other tickets at the expense of the company. In providing free transportation to its employees coming from a distance each Shipyard must adopt such precautions as to prevent the privilege from being abused as may be prescribed by the auditors of the Navy Department and Emergency Fleet Corporation. We permit the payment of the entire fares of such employees rather than merely of the excess of Over 16 cents to enable yards with inade- Quate local housing facilities to draw their employees from greater distances. NOTE–It will be seen that this decision was permis- sive rather than mandatory and that all of the trans- portation, should it exceed 16 cents per day, was to be paid by the company rather than merely the excess over 16 cents. ſº South Atlantic and Gulf Districts—In its decision of March 4 as revised to April 6 the Shipbuilding Labor Adjustment Board rendered the following decision in re- gard to transportation of workers in these districts: We direct that shipyards provide the employees whose rates of wages are fixed by this award and who are compelled to expend regularly more than 10 cents for transportation to and from their work to provide such employees with , free commutation or other tickets. In providing free transportation to its employees coming from a distance each shipyard must adopt such precautions to COMPILER's EXPLANATORY COMMENTS. . 19 prevent the privilege from being abused as may be prescribed by the auditors of the Navy Department and Emergency Fleet Cor- poration. This provision is subject to change at any time the board is convinced that suitable and adequate facilities are available. NoTE—It will be seen, therefore, that this decision of the board was mandatory upon the shipbuilders of the South Atlantic and Gulf districts and that it provided for the payment of all the daily transportation expenses of workers mentioned in the wage agreement whose daily expenses were more than 10 cents. 2. The Emergency Fleet Corporation has in a few in- stances also authorized the payment by shipyards of daily transportation of employees. 3. The Fleet Corporation (by General Order 39, June 7, 1918) provided reimbursement for the transportation expenses incurred by shipbuilders, either by the decisions of the Shipbuilding Labor Adjustment Board or by spe- cific authorization or orders of the Fleet Corporation themselves. Authorication for reimbursement of passenger transportation— In the case where a decision by the Labor Adjustment Board pre- scribes that shipbuilders shall pay the transportation expenses Oſ employees where the employees are Compelled to expend regu- larly more than a set minimum for transportation to or from their work the corporation will assume the part hereinafter specified Of the transportation expenSeS incurred by Shipbuilders in paying transportation of direct wage and piece rate labor engaged on the construction of ships for the corporation : Provided, however, That claims Will not be in Order where the COntracts entered into between shipbuilders and the corporation include reference to the provision of transportation to employees, either directly or by reference to the decision of the Labor Adjustment Board, Or whore the contract price shall include the cost of such transportation : And provided further, That where shipbuilders, previous to the decision of the Labor Adjustment Board, had been paying any part Of the transportation expense of their employees reinlbursement Shall be proportioned accordingly. Clainn's for reinn Uursement.—Claims for reimbursement to Ship- builders On account Of expenditure incurred in paying for tranS- portation to and ſrom work of direct wage and piece rate labor engaged on work of ship construction for the corporation, Or On the Construction and extension Of Ship plants where the entire cost is borne by the Corporation, Shall be determined for each pay period by calculating the total amount which the Shipbuilder expended for such employees’ transportation, during the period under consideration, and the amount to which the Shipbuilder shall have claim for reimbursement from the COrpOration shall be equivalent to the proportion of the direct wage and piece rate labor engaged on ship construction for the Corporation. It should be noted that reimbursement was provided only for the transportation expenses of direct labor. The Fleet Corporation does not reimburse for daily transpor- tation expenses of indirect labor or Supervisory wage or salaried labor. 4. Special provision was granted by Mr. Piez provid- ing for reimbursement of transportation for indirect labor at the Sparrows Point plant of the Bethlehem Shipbuilding Corporation on or about October 14, 1918, 20 SIEIIL’BTUILDING LABOR, ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARL)S. and at the Baltimore Dry Dock & Shipbuilding Co. about October 28. Jurisdiction. & g 5. By the decision of the Shipbuilding Labor Adjust- ment Board of October 24, 1918, control over questions of daily transportation was vested in the Passenger Transportation and Housing Division of the Emergency Fleet Corporation. The text of the decision follows: Tr(I'm Sportation, eacp677SeS of employees.—Since our previous de- Cisions were rendered, the Organization of the United States Ship- ping Board Emergency Fleet Corporation has developed to a point Which makes it expedient to vest in it full responsibility for de- termining the policies to be adopted with reference to sharing Or absorbing the daily transportation expenses of shipyard em- ployees in places where the local housing facilities are inadequate. We therefore direct that in the case of each yard where em- ployees are not being reimbursed for all or a portion of their daily transportation expenses, either in accordance with Our pre- vious decision or in accordance with rulings of the United States Shipping Board Emergency Fleet Corporation, such reimburse- ment shall continue to be made on the present basis only until the United States Shipping Board Emergency Fleet Corporation shall establish a new ruling with relation to the absorption or sharing of the transportation expenses of the employees at any of such yards. We have reached the Conclusion that as a general rule, in Cases where it is necessary for the United States Shipping Board Emergency Fleet Corporation to absorb daily transporta- tion expenses of Shipyard employees, no portion of the transporta- tion cost paid by shipyard employees in traveling between their homes and the shipyards Other than that which is in excess Of what Imay be determined to be a reasonable amount for Such ship- yard employees to pay for transportation to and from their work , at each yard, should be absorbed by the United States Shipping Board Emergency Fleet Corporation, except in instances where unusual local conditions may require a different ruling. We hereby surrender, transfer to, and vest in the United States Shipping Board Emergency Fleet Corporation full authority to determine to what extent the cost of daily transportation paid by shipyard employees shall be absorbed by the United States Ship- ping Board Emergency Fleet Corporation. - 6. The Passenger Transportation and Housing Di- vision discontinued the payment of reimbursement for transportation at various times in various districts, and has issued an order that after March 1, 1919, no reim- bursement will be made for daily transportation. Time Extended. 7. On February 28, Mr. Piez, in a letter to the Dela- ware River Shipbuilders’ Association, stated that the payment of transportation in the Delaware River and Baltimore districts would be extended to March 31, 1918. “DIRTY 2’ WORK AND REPAIR WORK–OVER- TIME. & REPAIR WORK. a...ºpective . The provisions of the Shipbuilding Labor Adjustment gº Board awards with reference to an extra allowance for dirty work on repair work did not apply to any ship- COMPILER's EXPLANATORY COMMENTS. 2I repair yards save those of the Delaware River, Balti- more, and Chesapeake Bay. Provision was quite gener- ally made, however, for an increased overtime rate on repair work. The following is a brief digest of the de- velopment of these subjects in the Board’s awards, for more detailed information on which the awards should be consulted. * t DELAWARE RIVER, February 14, 1918. Work on Dry Docks 10 Cents an Hour Ad- ditional—Double Time for Overtime. * Employees in the crafts whose minimum wages are Sec. 8, p. 86. specified in Exhibit A who are employed in dry docks upon vessels in such dry docks, shall receive 10 cents an hour more than the rates prescribed in Said Exhibit A, and be entitled to double time for all time over eight hours from Monday until Friday and four hours on Saturday, as well as on Sundays and the holidays in section 3. - March 1, 1918. Amended to Include Baltimore Shipyards and Providing for Dirty-Work Allowance Instead of Dry Dock Allowance. For all “dirty work” in connection with the repair of * * * * vessels performed in or upon the vessel, employees of the different crafts shall receive 10 cents an hour more than the minimum hourly rates prescribed in Schedule “A” of this decision. Double Time for Overtime. Employees engaged on repair work in or for vessels in process of repair shall receive double time for all over- time over eight hours from Monday until Friday and over four hours on Saturdays, as well as on Sundays and the holidays specified in section 3. g April 6, 1918. Amended to Provide for Allowance for Repair Work Instead of Dirty-Work Allowance. For all repair work in and upon vessels employees of Sec. 8, p. 112. the different crafts shall receive 10 cents an hour more than the minimum hourly rates prescribed in Schedule “A” of this decision. Double Time for Overtime. Employees engaged on repair work in or for vessels in process of repair shall receive double time for all overtime over eight hours from Monday until Friday and over four hours on Saturdays, as well as Sundays and the holidays specified in section 3. October 24, 1918. Decision (included by telegram of Nov. 1). Providing for 10 Cents an Hour for Dirty Work. Extra compensation for “dirty work.” Supplementing ...Sec. 18—A, p. the decision issued on October 24, the Šipš. Labor * Adjustment Board established the following rule with reference to the payment of extra compensation to em- 22 SHIPBUILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD Awards. ployees engaged on repair work in the Delaware River, Baltimore, and Chesapeake Bay districts: Pending the announcement of National Labor Stand- ards, and in the interest of greater uniformity of wages and other conditions in the repair yards under our juris- diction, employees of the different crafts, employed in the shipyards of the Delaware River, Baltimore, and Chesapeake Bay districts, whose hourly rates are fixed in Exhibit A of the decision issued on October 24, shall Sec. 3, p. 133. Sec. 4, p. 64. Par. 6, p. 149. Sec. 3, p. 195. receive 10 cents an hour in addition to the rates there fixed for all “dirty work” in connection with the repair of vessels, performed in or for such vessels. No extra compensation for work which is not fairly described as “dirty work” other than double time for overtime shall hereafter be allowed on repair work in such yards. NEWPORT NEWS DISTRICT. (Including Newport News Shipbuilding & Dry Dock Co. and neighboring shipyards on Chesapeake Bay.) March 7, 1918. Section 3, Extending Dirty-Work Provision to Newport News Yards. * For all “dirty work” in connection with the repair of vessels performed in or upon the vessel employees of the different crafts shall receive 10 cents an hour more than the minimum hourly rates prescribed in Schedule A of this decision. º NORTH ATLANTIC AND HUDSON RIVER SHIPY ARDS. April 6, 1918. Allowance for Overtime on Repair Work as per Established Custom (Sec. 4). * - Employees engaged on repair work on or for vessels undergoing repair shall continue to receive the extra compensation which was customary in the yard at the time this decision was rendered for overtime on Week days as defined above, as well as on Saturdays and the specified holidays. SOUTH ATLANTIC AND GULF SHIPYARDS. March 4, 1918. Providing Double Time for Overtime. Employees engaged on repair work upon or for vessels undergoing repair shall receive double time for all oyer- time on week days as defined above, as well as on Sun- days and the specified holidays. GREAT LAKES DISTRICT. April 19, 1918. Providing Double Time for Overtime on Re- pair Work (Sec. 3, Par. 4). Repair work upon or for vessels undergoing repairs in excess of the stated periods on any week days, as well as (OMPILER's EXPLANATORY COMMENTS. 23 on Sundays and the specified holidays, shall be counted as overtime and paid for at the rate of double time. PACIFIC COAST. (San Francisco Bay, Columbia River, and Puget Sound.) November 4, 1917. Providing Substantially That the Question of Working Conditions Shall Be Left to Employers and Em- ployees to Agree. • - San Francisco Bay.—This had been agreed upon be- tween California Metal Trades Association and Inter- national Brotherhood of Boilermakers, Iron Shipbuild- ers, and Helpers of America, which agreement provides as to overtime that “on all repair work outside of shop nine hours shall be allowed for eight hours’ work. Puge; Sound.—Agreement April 3, 1918, between metal trades, providing “on completing drydock or an outside job, six hours or more; not in excess of eight, shall constitute a day’s work. When men are required to work on oil or acid, such tanks shall be cleaned and steamed according to Government regulations. Time and a quar- ter shall be paid for “dirty work.” §. Columbia River.—The Macy Board made no announce- ment as to repair work in the Columbia River district, and there seems to be nothing on the subject. DIRECT AND INDIRECT LABOR. The terms direct and indirect labor are defined in Gen- eral Order 36 as follows: º - 1. Direct labor includes all engaged in construction and re- pairing hulls or complete vessels for the Emergency Fleet Cor- Doration. It applies to the Supervisory forces as well as to Wage and piece rate labor. - 2. Indirect labor includes those engaged— (a) In plant construction, maintenance, and Operations. (b) General administrative and financial force. DISCHARGES. 1. As is explained in the section"dealing with “open" and “closed" shop, where the closed shop prevailed prior to the war, the same was allowed to continue. In other sections, the discharge of a workman either because he is a member of a union or because he is not a member of a union, or because of his union or nonunion ac- tivities, is a violation of the agreement. If, upon inves- tigation, it is established that this was the real reason for the discharge, the man should be reinstated. If it is found that men have been discharged for other causes, the matter is a management affair with which the Fleet Corporation does not interfere. (See Office Memorandum No. 10.) 2. Discharge of shop committeemen. If a shop committeeman is discharged and the ship- building company admits that he is discharged because 24 SEIILPBTUILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. he is a member of the committee, the Shipbuilding Labor Adjustment Board should order the man to be reinstated, with pay during the period of stoppage of work. The cost involved in this case should be borne by the company with reimbursement from the Emergency Fleet Cor- poration. If a shop committeeman is discharged on the ground of inefficiency and the Shipbuilding Labor Adjustment Board representatives decide that he has been discharged because of membership in or connected with the ac- tivities of the shop committee, they will order the man to be reinstated possibly with pay for the period of stop- page of work. By Office Memorandum No. 10, the Fleet Corporation states that in order to simplify the situa- tion, it will reimburse the shipbuilding company for stoppage of work. - 3. Discharge of foremen. (a) The Shipbuilding Labor Adjustment Board in its decision of October 24, under section 18, made the . following statement: “We also assume no jurisdiction over the employment or discharge of foremen, believing that the responsibility for the selection and control of the supervisory force should rest Squarely with the ship- yards themselves.” This has been interpreted to mean that in case of pri- vate yards doing work for the Fleet Corporation, the Fleet Corporation could not interfere with the hiring or discharging of foremen. (b) Sometime in February, Admiral Bowles ordered that the foremen working at the Merchant Shipbuilding Co. should either give up their union membership or their jobs. The Shipbuilding Labor Adjustment Board, however, ruled that this constituted a violation of the National War Labor policy and involved a dis- crimination against union men. It was accordingly ordered that the foremen should be reinstated and al- lowed to belong to their respective unions. (c) In the case of agency yards, the Fleet Corporation can exercise some control if foremen are discharged be- cause of unnecessary reasons which are prejudicial to the best interest of the Corporation and the public through action by the office of the district manager in charge of agency yards. Types of cases which may arise are (1) discrimination because of race, (2) per- sonal jealousy and erroneous charges. DRAFTSMEN. No Jurisdiction in Board. 1. Prior to the October decision of the Shipbuilding Labor Adjustment Board, the wages of draftsmen in shipbuilding plants were not regulated by the board. They were under the jurisdiction of the Fleet Corpora- COMPILER’s EXPLANATORY COMMENTS. 25 tion and those employed at the Baltimore Dry Dock & Shipbuilding Co., Bethlehem Shipbuilding Co., Spar- rows Point, Bethlehem Shipbuilding Co., Harlan, Pusey & Jones, Wilmington, Virginia Shipbuilding Co., Ches- ter Shipbuilding Co., New Jersey Shypbuilding Co., New York Shipbuilding Co., Pennsylvania Shipbuilding Co., Sun Shipbuilding Co., William Cramp & Sons, were granted 12% per cent increases, to take effect March 5, 1918. Draftsmen in the North Atlantic were granted 15 per cent increases, to take effect April 22,1918. In so far as they were salaried employees, draftsmen in other dis- tricts were granted the permissive increases provided for in General Order 36. 2. In the October 24, 1918, decision, the board (Sec. 17) covered draftsmen and copyists and established the following rulings: In response to the request of the Navy Department and the Emergency Fleet Corporation, of representatives of the employees affected, and of many of the shipbuilding companies, we have held hearings and made a careful study of the compensation and privileges now enjoyed by draftsmen, with a view to standardizing these conditions in the shipyards under our jurisdiction. On the basis of this study, we direct that in all shipyards building vessels under direct contract with the Navy Department or the Emergency. Fleet Corporation, the compensation, hours, and Conditions of em- ployment of draftsmen and Copyists Conform to the following regulations to be made effective in such shipyards with the pay period beginning on October 1, 1918, or immediately thereafter. (See awards Oct. 1, 1918, all yards.) - 3. This decision applies only to draftsmen in ship- yards and not to those directly working for the Emer- gency Fleet Corporation in office. & 4. Hours of work.-The hours of work of draftsmen were to be the same as those prescribed for mechanics in the shipyards in which they were employed. Where workmen do not receive the Saturday half holiday, draftsmen are not expected to receive half holidays. 5. Draftsmen and copyists are to receive the same extra compensation as mechanics for (a) work-day overtime, (b) work on the night shift, (c) holidays. If draftsmen work holidays, they are to receive the same extra pay as mechanics. If they work the straight time, pay which would have been given them had they not worked is not to be added. 6. By the October 24 decision of the board, the rates prescribed for draftsmen were made retroactive only to October 1. This was extended by the board in a tele- gram on November 13, 1918, to Mr. McBride, to August 1 for the Pacific coast, in order that this might correspond with the date at which retroactive payments for me- chanics began in these districts. - ExAMINER, DUTIES OF. 1. The duties of examiners are chiefly those of deter- mining questions of fact such as classification of men as 26 SEIIPBUILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. respects the trade or occupation which they are really following, and the enforcement of rulings. 2. While an examiner is not precluded from making. interpretations of the decisions, he should be extremely careful in So doing and if a question arises which is sus- ceptible of more than one interpretation, he should refer the matter by telegraph to the board itself. This is neces- Sary to insure uniformity of interpretation. EIGHT-HOUR DAY AND OVERTIME PROVISION. 1. Basic eight-hour day.—All decisions of the Ship- building Labor Adjustment Board have universally rec- ognized the principle of the basic eight-hour day. In the Delaware River and Baltimore districts, the principle of the 44-hour week, i. e., basic 4-hour day on Saturday, has been recognized. In other districts Saturday half holidays have been granted for the Summer months of June, July, and August, with the exception of Seattle, where Saturday half holidays were allowed from May 15 to September 15. (See Saturday half holidays.) 2. Overtime.—Time worked in excess of the basic schedule formulated by the Shipbuilding Labor Adjust- ment Board was to be paid at the following rates: (a) On the Pacific coast, double time for overtime in- cluding weekly overtime, time worked on Saturday in excess of four hours, Sundays and holidays. (b) Remainder of the country, time and half for all overtime worked in excess of the stated work period on Week days with the exception of those engaged on “dirty " work in the Delaware River and Baltimore dis- trict, who were to be paid double time for overtime; double time for work on Sundays and holidays. 3. The Shipbuilding Labor Adjustment Board did not compel men to work more than four hours on Saturdays, but that if they do work more than four hours this work is to be paid for at the straight-time rates, and not re- ceive an overtime bonus. 4. Eight-hour law.—There was some question whether ship contractors doing work on plant construction and ship construction come under the provision of the Fed- eral eight-hour law with the attendant Executive orders and suspensions. Since the Shipbuilding Labor Adjust- ment Board outlined a policy which did not conflict with the Federal eight-hour day, this question has not often presented itself. 5. Overtime mot compulsory.—It was not compulsory for shipyard workers to work overtime. They could re- fuse to work overtime if they wanted to, and the manage- ment was not expected to take disciplinary measures against them. 6. Dimitations upon overtime. (a) Imposed by the Shipbuilding Labor Adjustment Board: In its earliest decisions the Shipbuilding Labor COMPILER’s ExPLANATORY COMMENTs. 27 Adjustment Board imposed no limitations as to the lengths of the working day in excess of eight hours, pro- vided simply that the overtime bonus should be paid for any time worked in excess. In the decisions covering the Delaware River and Baltimore districts, the South At- lantic and Gulf districts, the North Atlantic and Hudson River districts, Newport News Dry Dock & Shipbuilding Co., and Great Lakes district, a uniform provision was inserted stating that “work in excess of 12 hours a day or 60 hours a week for any employee is not permitted except when ordered by the Navy Department or Emer- gency Fleet Corporation to protect life or property from imminent danger.” (b) Imposed by the Emergency Fleet Corporation: In General Order 36, Clause B, section 612, it is specified that “on and after June 30, 1918, no overtime shall be authorized for more or less than two hours per man per day except under extraordinary or special circumstances. Overtime shall be authorized only by the district officer or district supervisor in writing or by such other repre- sentative as may in writing be given such authority.” It will be seen that this ruling of the Emergency Fleet Corporation imposed the following conditions: (1) If overtime was worked, it must not be more than two hours extra per day unless in case of an extraordi- nary emergency. (2) If overtime was worked, it must not be less than two hours per day. This was modified in certain districts to permit one hour a day of overtime being worked. (3) Before any overtime could be worked, the written approval of the district supervisor or officer or his agent must be secured. In other words, the district manage- ment had control of the question as to whether overtime was to be worked or not. It did not lie within the prov- ince of the individual employer so to determine. 7. Prohibition against overtime.—Although both em- ployers and employees at varying times requested the Fleet Corporation to prohibit overtime completely, this was not done until after the signing of the armistice. By an agreement between Secretary of War Baker, Sec- retary of Navy Daniels, Chairman Hurley, of the Ship- ping Board, with the approval of the President, it was decided on November 11 to discontinue Sunday work and overtime on all governmental contracts under the control of these departments. General Order 140 was issued by the Fleet Corporation on November 19, 1918, stating that “no overtime shall hereafter be worked in any shipyard under the jurisdiction of the United States Shipping Board Emergency Fleet Corporation except where ordered by the district manager. 8. Sunday work—Special Order 'No. 108, subject Sun- day work in shipyards, was modified to read that no Sunday work shall hereafter be done except where 28 SHIPBUILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. ordered by the district manager. This order was inter- preted by different district managers to mean that it should be stringently enforced, except in an extraordi- nary emergency, for all ship construction. The district manager, however, was allowed to use his judgment on such types of work as– (a) Repair work. (b) Dry-dock construction. (6) Installation. - In these types of work the pressure of ship production. was much greater than it was on ship construction itself. 9. Rulings in regard to unduthorized overtime— (a) If overtime is worked without authorization by the Fleet Corporation, it was ruled in the case of the Baltimore Dry Dock & Shipbuilding Co. that reimburse- ment should not be made to this company for— (1) Increased labor cost on straight time worked above the basic day. (2) Overtime bonus for hours worked in excess of basic day. (b) Unauthorized overtime where the Adjustment Board has ordered retroactive increases for said unau- thorized overtime. * - * In the case of the Northwest Steel Co., it was ruled, on approximately December 31, that since the Fleet Cor- poration was compelled to enforce the decisions of the Shipbuilding Labor Adjustment Board, that it would reimburse shipbuilders for the retroactive increases on unauthorized overtime, but that it did not reimburse for- * (1) Increased labor cost on straight time worked in excess of basic day, and (2) Overtime bonus (not to be confused with retro- active increase) on time worked in excess.of basic day. 10. An eastra, allowance or premium, or bonus granted to employers because of “ yard inefficiency in overtime hours.” - (a) At various times in the winter of 1918, and possi- bly in the latter part of 1917, authorizations were granted by the Construction Division of premiums or allowances to shipyard employers over and above the amount spent for wages which was supposed to cover what was then termed “inefficiency of plant in overtime hours.” (b) General Order 36, section 612, continued these au. thorizations to July 1, 1918, but discontinued them after that date. (1) Steel ships—Reimbursement for authorized over- time. Subject to the regulations as stated in section 612, claims for reimbursement on account of overtime work on steel ships for the corporation, preceding July 1, 1918, shall be prepared on the following basis: - COMPLLER’s ExPLANATORY COMMENTS. 29 (a) Where overtime has been paid to direct wage labor Work- ing on Steel ships for the corporation at time and a half rates, the corporation will reimburse shipbuilders on a basis of 2.625 times the amount of the overtime bonus actually paid to Such direct wage labor. (b) Where, under Special conditions, overtime has been paid to ...direct wage labor working on Steel ships for the corporation, On week days, at double-time rates, the corporation Will reimburse shipbuilders on a basis of 1.8125 times the amount of the Over- time bonus actually paid to such direct wage labor. (c) Where overtime has been paid to direct wage labor work- ing on steel ships for the corporation on Sundays and specifically designated holidays, and on Saturday afternoons in the months specified in the decision of the Labor Adjustment Board, at double- time rates, the corporation will reimburse shipbuilders on a basis of 1.25 times the amount of the Overtime bonus actually paid to Such direct Wage labor. - --- (2) Wood ships—Reimbursement for overtime. Subject to the regulations as stated in section 612, claims for reimbursement on account of wage labor over- time work on wood ships for the corporation preceding July 1, 1918, shall be prepared on the following basis: (a) Where overtime has been paid to direct wage labor work- ing on wood ships for the corporation at time and a half rates, the corporation will reimburse shipbuilders on a basis of two times the amount of the Overtime bonus actually paid to such direct wage labor. - (b) Where overtime has been paid to direct wage labor work- ing on Wood ships for the Corporation at double-time rates, the corporation will reimburse shipbuilders on the basis of one and one-half times the Overtime bonus actually paid to such direct Wage labor. (c) Where overtime has been paid to direct wage labor on wood ships for the Corporation on Sundays, Specifically designatel holi- days and On Saturday afternOOns in the months designated in the decision of the Labor Adjustment Board at double-time rates, the Corporation will reimburse shipbuilders on a basis of 1.25 times the Overtime bonus actually paid to such direct wage labor. It should be especially noted that no payment should be made upon this bonus to employers unless specific au- thorization from the corporation can be produced, and that in no case is the period for which such bonus be claimed to extend beyond July 1, 1918. FOREMEN. 1. The Shipbuilding Labor Adjustment Board has never assumed jurisdiction over the wages of foremen. This has always been a question which the Emergency Fleet Corporation has had in charge. 2. Although Mr. Piez’s telegram to F. W. Grogan, March 4, 1918, does not mention foremen, nevertheless two days afterwards he announced that foremen were to be granted a 12% per cent increase. Foremen in the fol- lowing yards were to be granted a 12% per cent increase: Chester Shipbuilding Co., New Jersey Shipbuilding Co., New York Shipbuilding Co., Pennsylvania Ship- building Co., Sun Shipbuilding Co., William Cramp & Sons, Baltimore Dry Dock & Shipbuilding Co., Bethle- 30 SIEIIPBUILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. hem Shipbuilding Co., Sparrows Point; Bethlehem Ship- building Co., Harlan; Pusey & Jones, Wilmington; Vir- ginia Shipbuilding Co. These increases were to take effect March 5 and were made mandatory upon the yards. On April 19, Mr. Piez authorized a 15 per cent increase for foremen in the North Atlantic District to take effect on or after April 22, 1918, provided the compensation of foremen should in no event be less than the compensation of the highest paid man under their direction. 3. General Order 36, issued under date of May 31, 1918, Section 42, states that if shipyards increase the wages of foremen to the amounts mentioned below, the Emergency Fleet Corporation will reimburse up to those amounts, but not beyond. Section 421 specifies the par- ticular increases for which reimbursement will be made: Foremen or master mechanics having entire supervision and direction of all members of a craft or trade in a shop or on one or more vessels shall receive such increases in wages as may be authorized and approved by the district officer or district supervisor, provided that the compensation received by foremen shall be not less than 10 per cent and not greater than 15 per cent in excess of the highest authorized hourly Compensation of mechanics, quartermen, Or leading men under their Supervision. These increases were not to be retroactive and if yards increased the wages of foremen in excess of the amount mentioned therein, they should bear the extra expense without reimbursement from the Fleet Corporation. The board’s letter of July 11, 1918, which was sent to all yards, stating that the Fleet Corporation had asked the Adjustment Board to take jurisdiction over leading- men, quartermen, and foremen, also gave instructions which made leadingmen and quartermen come under the jurisdiction of the board. The wording of the letter as respects foremen is not so clear. It might be claimed that it merely repeated the injunction of the Fleet Cor- poration, and did not make the permissive increase granted by General Order No. 36 mandatory. The board has since ruled that this letter did not constitute an as- sumption of jurisdiction by the Adjustment Board over foremen. * 4. Though information is Scanty, it apparently is true that section 421 applied to foremen on a salary basis as well as to foremen on an hourly basis. 5. The Shipbuilding Labor Adjustment Board in its decision of October 24, 1918, made the following classifi- cation of foremen and assistant foremen: (a) An assistant foreman is a man Who, under the direction Of the foreman, handles a part Of the WOrk Of a forelman alld who takes the place of a foreman in his absence. (This should be distinguished from the definition of a quarterman.) (b) A foreman is a man who supervises the work of all the men in a particular department or trade, in accordance with the organization scheme of the plant at which he is employed. He is responsible to the Superintendent Or the assistant Superintend- COMPILER’s ExPLANATORY COMMENTS. 31 ent, and has under his immediate supervision the assistant fore- man and the quartermen and leading men in his department Or trade. The board continued its determination not to assume jurisdiction over the compensation of foremen and assist- ant foremen and left this matter to the decision of the Fleet Corporation and the Navy Department. 6. On February 26, 1919, Director General Piez made a ruling concerning the foremen at the Hog Island Plant which granted certain increases to them : (a) An increase in salary of $2 per week, $64 to $66 and from $52 to $54 for foremen of various crafts. (b) Overtime at time and a half with double time for Sundays and legal holidays mentioned in the Macy award, Saturday half holiday as provided in the decisions of the board. Such Overtine as is usual to a foreman’s duties in preparing work or closing up work before men begin or after they leave is not to be considered overtime provided that it does not exceed three hours per week. When men, however, work Overtime and the foreman is on duty, he is to be credited with equal amount Of Overtime. (c) Sick leave of 2% days absence per month with pay to be granted. This is an extension of sick leave beyond its previous application which had hitherto been granted only to those working directly for the corporation. This exten- sion of sick leave, however, applies only to foremen, not to workmen. At present it does not apply— (1) To employees beneath the grade of foremen. (2) To yards other than Hog Island. GUARDS, SERGEANTS, AND WATCHMEN. 1. Prior to October 24, 1918, decision of Shipbuilding Labor Adjustment Board there were two varieties of guards. (a) Those paid by private shipbuilding firms. (b) Those paid by the Emergency Fleet Corporation. 2. The October 24, 1918, decision of the Shipbuilding Labor Adjustment Board on guards, watchmen, and ser- geants contained the following: - (a) Hours of work.—“Guards, watchmen, and sergeants are to work eight hours a day for six days a week. No overtime is to be required except in extreme energencies or When a number of employees is insufficient to permit of rotation.” (b) Wages.—(1) South Atlantic and Gulf yards (below south boundary of North Carolina), guards and watchmen, 50 cents an hour ; Sergeants, 55 cents an hour. (2) North Atlantic and Great Lakes yards (above South bound- ary of North Carolina), guards and watchmen, 55 cents an hour ; Sergeants, 60 cents an hour. - (3) Pacific coast, guards and watchmen, 60 cents an hour; Sergeants, 65 Cents an hour. (c) Payment for Overtime.—As stated, overtime was to be reduced to an absolute minimum, but if worked the compensation for overtime for Sundays and holidays was to be straight time. (d) Pay Of all districts was made retroactive to October 1, whereas pay for mechanics on Pacific coast was, of course, made retroactive to August 1. 32 SIEIIIPBTUILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. ... 3. By Special Order 196, dated December 2, 1918 (probably issued somewhat later), it was stated— (a) Existing force of civil guards were to be reduced to ap- proximately 50 per cent of former number by December 11, 1918. (b) That all civil-guard Service paid for by the Emergency Fleet Corporation was to be discontinued on and after January 1, 1919. - º (c) Shipyards and contractors previously furnished with guards by the Emergency Fleet Corporation were required to supply the necessary guards to prevent theft, fire loss, and property damage. 4. This order was slow in going out and did not reach many yards of the south district until after January 1. From an interview with the plant-protection section it is believed that the corporation would grant extra periods of time in the case of those yards which received the notice late. º 5. The rulings of the Macy Board, however, still apply to any guards maintained by private shipyards. HOLIDAYS. 1. Holidays established by the Shipbuilding Labor Adjustment Board in the various districts are as follows: (a) Puget Sound.—By agree- ment between unions and employers the following h O lid a y S were estab- lished : New Year's Day. Washington’s Birthday. . Decoration Day.” Fourth Of July. Labor Day. Columbus Day. Thanksgiving Day. Christmas Day. Half day for city elec- tions. NO WOrk WaS to be dOne On Labor Day Or half day On City election days, except to preserve life Or property. (b) Columbia River: New Year's Day. Washington’s Birthday. Decoration Day.” July Fourth. Labor Day. Thanksgiving Day. Christmas Day. - General election days. (c) Sam Francisco: New Year's Day. Washington’s Birthday. Decoration Day. July Fourth. Labor. Day. Admission Day. (c) San Francisco—Continued, Thanksgiving Day. Christmas Day. Election days for gov- ernor and President Only. & (d) Atlantic and Gulf: New Year's Day. Washington’s Birthday. Decoration Day.” July Fourth. Iabor Day. Thanksgiving Day. Christmas Day. Half holiday On State and National election days. (e) Delaware River and Balti- 777,O7°6. New Year’s Day. Washington’s Birthday. Decoration Day. July Fourth. Iabor Day. Thanksgiving Day. Christmas Day. Half holiday on State and National election days. (f) Newport N ews: New Year's Day. Washington's Birthday. Decoration Day or Me- morial Day. : In the South Decoration Day is Apr. 26. COMPILER's EXPLANATORY COMMENTS. 33 (f) Newport News—Continued (g) Great Lalce&—Continued. • July Fourth. Decoration Day. Labor Day. July Fourth. Thanksgiving Day. Labor Day. Christmas Day. - Thanksgiving Day. * Christmas Day. (g) Great Lalces: E[alf holiday On State New Year's Day. and National election Washington's Birthday. dayS. . (These holidays were not changed by the Oct. 1, 1918, decision of the board.) 2. Rates of pay worked on holidays.-In the San Fran- Cisco agreement it was specified that no work was to be done on Labor Day except to preserve life or property. The work done on all holidays in other districts and on other holidays in the San Francisco district was to be paid for at the rate of double time. HOSPITAL AND MEDICAL FEE DEDUCTIONS FROM WAGES OF EMPLOYEES. 1. The Philadelphia conference of representatives of employers and employees from the Pacific coast unani- mously agreed on the following recommendations: Employers and employees agree that no hospital Or Other fee other than that provided by the law of the district should be deducted from the pay of the men without their consent. No Coercion, direct Or indirect, shall be exerted to induce employees to become members of hospital Or Other medical associations. It should be noticed that the purpose of this resolution was to prevent deductions unless the men specifically stated that they wanted it. - 2. As a result of investigations upon this matter, the following facts were brought out: (a) That Washington statutes provided for the com- pulsory deduction from employees' wages of amounts to provide medical treatment for injury and accidents. (b) That the Oregon workmen compensation act pro- vided for all the compulsory deduction of 1 cent a day toward payment for injury and that deductions from wages for medical treatment was permissible. (c) That if the recommendation of the Philadelphia conference was carried out, it was probable that the men would refuse to subscribe and that the existing medical facilities would be broken down. 3. The Shipbuilding Labor Adjustment Board in its decision of October 24 ruled as follows. Disapproving of insurance assessments arbitrarily required by employers, and with due regard to the limitations of existing statutes, we direct that no employee who makes request for exemption in Writing shall be required by the employing shipyard to pay any assessment, not made obligatory by State law, for in- Surance, medical attendance, or other benefits. It will be noted that this allowed the existing systems of deductions to occur, unless the workmen specifically re- 89811—22 3 34 SEIIBBTUILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. quested exemption, or unless deduction was made obliga- tory by State law. This shifted the burden from employ- ers (as provided for in the Philadelphia resolutions) to the Workmen. - IDENTIFICATION CARDS. 1. The Shipbuilding Labor Adjustment Board in its October decision ruled as follows: To put an end to the continuous misunderstandings as to the rates of pay to which employees are entitled, the board directS that every shipyard employee is to be provided with an indentifica- tion card by the Shipyard Company Which employs him, Such cards to be supplied by the Emergency Fleet Corporation. Upon these cards shall be entered the name of the employee, the date on which the card is issued to him, his Occupation, and the rate of pay which he is to receive. { 2. Cards have been furnished to all districts and all shipyards must furnish their employees with such cards. 3. It should be noticed that— (a) Employers should not print these cards them- §elves, but they are to be furnished by the Fleet Cor- Oration. - (b) That they are to be kept in the possession of the workmen themselves and should never be used by the employer as a means of preparing or maintaining a black- list. INSTALLATION YARDS. 1. What “installation” yards are. . . By an installation yard is meant a plant to install ma- chinery and equipment in hulls. They may be of two classes— - - (a) Those which do only installation work. (b) Those which do shipbuilding as well as installa- tion work. The following list shows the plants doing installation work in each of those two categories: NORTEI ATLANTIC DISTRICT. Installation yard and location. Installing machinery and equipment for— . .#. Lord Construction Co., Gildersleeve S. Co............................... 20 Providence, R. I. Groton Iron Works, Noank, Conn. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . sº Construction & Trading Co., Stonington, OIlll. Housatonic Shipbuilding Co., Stratford, Conn. -- Roundation Co., Newark, N. J. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Todd Shipyards Corpora- || Kingston Shipbuilding Co., Kingston, N. Y. tion, Brooklyn, N. Y. | Foundation Co., Newark, N. J Johnson Shipyard Corporation sº º ºs º ºs * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * - COMPILER's EXPLANATORY COMMENTS. 35 SOUTH ATLANTIC DISTIRICT. installº, ºrd and Installing machinery and equipment for— .# Jacksonville S. Outfitting | St. Johns River Shipbuilding Co., Jacksonville.. 22 Yard (California Brick J. M. Murdock Shipbuilding Co., Jacksonville... 20 Co.), Jacksonville, Fla. | Morey & Thomas, Jacksonville. ..... - -, - - - - - - - - - - American Shipbuilding Co., Brunswick, Ga..... U. S. Maritime Corporation, Brunswick, Ga..... Ngº Carolina Shipbuilding Co., Wilmington, GTULF DISTIRICT. Johnson Iron Works, New Dantzler Shipbuilding & Dry Dock Co., Mobile, 10 Orleans, La. Ala. - - - - º Murnam Shipbuilding Co., Mobile, Ala- - - - - - - - - SOUTEIERN PACIFIC IDISTRICT. Earnes & Tibbetts, Ala- Coos Bay Shipbuilding Co., Coos Bay, Oreg- - - - - 4 meda, Calif. K. & Banks Shipbuilding Co., North Bend, reg. Main Iron Works, San |-----do------------------------------------------- 10 Francisco, Calif. ‘Coos Bay Shipbuilding Co., Coos Bay, Oreg. . . . . 9 Benecia Shipbuilding Co., £enecia, alif.-------- National Engine Co., Wil- Fulton Shipbuilding Co., Wilmington, Calif. . . . 7 mington, Calif. NoFTH PACIFIC LISTRICT. Pacific Coast Engineering Barbare Bros., Tacoma, Wash. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Co., Seattle, Wash. Wright Shipyards, Tacoma, Wash. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Allen shºg Co., Seattle, Wash Hefferman Engine Works, Nilson 4 Seattle, Wash. Seattle. - - D.W. Härtzell Co. (Inc.), Sanderson & Porter Co., Willapa Harbor, Wash. 10 Winslow, Wash. - - - - - - - - - - Kelez Shipbuilding Corporation, C. C. Moore & Co., Seattle, Tacoma Shipbuilding Co., Tacoma, Wash. . . . . . 6 Wash. Barbare Bros., Pacoma, Wash. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 10 Pacific Marine . Iron St. Helens Shipbuilding Co., St. Helens, Oreg... 22 Works, Portland, Oreg. | Sommarstrom ;ºf Co., Oregon City. . . . . . 16 $º & Ballin, Portland, Orég-...--... . . . . . . Willamette Iron & Steel G. M. Standifer Construction Corporation, Van- 3. Works, Portland, Oreg. couver, Wash. Note.—Contract pend- ling. Astoria Marine Iron Geo. F. Rodgers, Astoria, Oreg. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 Works, Astoria, Oreg. Wilson Shipbuilding Co., Astoria, Oreg. . . . . . . . . 20 Feeney & Bremer, Tillamook, Oreg McEachern Ship Čo., Astoria, Oreg - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2. Jurisdiction of Macy Board over installation plants. (a) Over men working on the installation of machinery and equipment in the installation yards. No mention was made of installation yards by the Shipbuilding Labor Adjustment Board prior to its Octo- ber 24 decision. The reason for this was the necessity of Separate installation yards which became apparent only after most of the first set of the decisions of the Shipbuilding Labor Adjustment Board had been issued. In the October 24 decision, however, they were expressly brought under the jurisdiction of the board, and the same wages and conditions of labor prescribed for shipyards were prescribed for them also. It should be noted, how- ever, that the board made the rates for men in these 36 SHIPBUILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. plants on the Pacific coast retroactive only to October 1 instead of August 1 as for men in shipyards. (b) Over men engaged on the construction of installa- tion plants. It should be noted that the October 24 decision of the Shipbuilding Labor Adjustment Board stated that it ap- plied “to shipyard construction or extension the expense of which is borne entirely by the Navy Department and the Emergency Fleet Corporation.” The construction of installation plants is plainly a case of shipyard construc- tion or extension. - (c) Those which do shipbuilding as well as installation work NORTEI ATLANTIC DISTRICT. instaliºn ºrd and Installing machinery and equipment for— .# Russell Shipbuilding Co., | Russell Shipbuilding Co., Portland, Me......... 10 Portland, Me. L. H. Shattuck Co., (Inc.), Portsmouth......... * Sandy Point Shipbuilding Corporation, Sandy - Point, Me------------------------------------- Cumberland Shipbuild- || Kelly Spear Co., Bath, Me - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 20 ing Co., South Port- | Cumberland Shipbuilding Co., Portland, Me . . . . land, Me. L. H. Shattuck (Inc.), Portsmouth..... * - - - - - - - - Freeport Shipbuilding Co., Freeport, Me........ Sandy Point Shipbuilding Co., Sandy Point, Me. G. A. Gilchrest, Thomaston, Me----------------- Traylor Shipbuilding Co., | Traylor Shipbuilding Co., Cornwells Heights, 10 Cornwells Heights, Pa. Pa. - - MIDIDLE ATLANTIC DISTRICT. Maryland Shipbuilding Maryland Shipbuilding Co., Baltimore, Md. . . . . 6 Co., Baltimore, Md. º * Charles H. Tenney (New- || Charles H. Tenney, Hampton, Va.-------. . . . . . . 20 - comb Lifeboat Co.), Missouri Valley B & I Co., Quantico, Va.-- - - - - - 4 Hampton, Va. . York River Shipbuilding Co., West £oint, Va.- . Henry Smith & Sons Co., Baltimore, Md........ Tºpa Dock Co., Tampa, Tampa Dock Co., Tampa, Fla- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 4 Fla. Merrill Stevens Ship- Merrill Stevens Shipbuilding Co., South Jack- 4 building Co., Jackson- ville, Fla. e - ville, Fla. - Terry Shipbuilding Co., | Terry Shipbuilding Co., Savannah, Ga. . . . . . . . . . - 10 Savannah, Ga. w GULF DISTRICT. Dierks-Blodgett Co., Pas- Dierks-Blodgett Co., Mobile, Ala- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 6 cagoula, Miss. - - º Hodge Ship Co., Moss EIodge Ship Co., Moss Point, Miss.............. 4 Point, Miss. - * * - - - Alabama Dry Dock & Alabama Dry Dock & Shipbuilding Co., Mo- 2 Shipbuilding Co., Mo- bile, Ala. bile, Ala. . . . Jahncke Shipbuilding | Jahncke Shipbuilding Co., Techeſuncta, River, 12 ºtecheuneta River, Là. £1. Mobile Shipbuilding Co., | Mobile Shipbuilding Co., Mobile, Ala- . . . . . . . . . . 6 Mobile, Ala. - Beaumont Shipbuilding | Universal Shipbuilding Co., Beaumont, Tex. . . . 28 & Dry Dock Co., Beau- mont, Tex. McBride & Law, Beaumont, TeX. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Midland Bridge Co., Houston, Tex... . . . . . . . . . . . . Beaumont Shipbuilding & Dry Dock Co., Beaumont, TeX. Heldenfels Bros., Rockport, Tex... . . . . . . . . . . --- J. M. McCammon, Beaumont, Tex. . . . . . . . . . . . . . COMPILER's EXPLANATORY COMMENTS. 37 , GULF DISTRICT –Continued. installº ºrd and . Installing machinery and equipment for— .# Lone Star Shipbuilding Union Bridge & Construction Co., Morgan City, 22 Co., Beaumont, Tex. La. - Lone Star Shipbuilding Co., Beaumont, Tex.... sººn Dry Dock & Shipbuilding Co., Orange, 1 0X. National Shipbuilding | National Shipbuilding Co., Orange, Tex. . . . . . . . 12. Co., Orange, Tex. SOUTEIIERN PACIFIC IDISTRICT. EIammond Lumber Co. Eſammond Lumber Co., Samoa, Calif.------- . . . . 4. Samoa, Calif. Ralph J. Chandler, Wil- || Ralph J. Chandler, Wilmington, Calif........... 4 (2) mington, Calif. - NOR TELERN PACIFIC IDISTRICT. Meacham & Babcock | Meacham & Babcock Shipbuilding Co., Seattle, 8. Shipbuilding Co., Seat- Wash. - tle, Wash. -- Puget Sound Bridge & | Puget Sound Bridge & Docking Co., Seattle, 8. Dredging Co., Puget Wash. - Sound. Seaborn Shipyards Cor- || Seaborn Shipyards, Tacoma, Wash. . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 (8) poration, Tacoma, Wash. # Sloan Shipyard Corpora- Sloan Shipyard Corporation, Seattle, Wash . . . . . 16 tion, Seattle, Wash. Grays Harbor Merchant Grays Harbor Merchant Shipping Corporation, 17 (10) Shipping Corporation, Aberdeen, Wash. e Aberdeen, Wash. Grant Smith Porter Ship Grant Smith Porter Ship Co., Portland, Oreg... 16 Co., Portland, Oreg. Pacific American Fish- Pacific American Fisheries, South Bellingham, 6 eries, South Belling- Wash. ham, Wash. - Coast Shipbuilding Co., | Coast Shipbuilding Co., Portland, Oreg- - - - - - - - - * 8. Portland, Oreg. G. M. Standiſer Construc- G. M. Standifer Construction Corporation, Port- - - 16 tion Corporation, Port- land, Oreg. - land, Oreg. Peninsula Shipbuilding | Peninsula Shipbuilding Co., Portland, Oreg-.... 10 Co., Portland, Oreg. Grant Smith Porter Ship- || Grant Smith Porter Shipbuilding Co., St. Johns, 12 gºing Co., St. Johns, reg. reg. The installation contracts have typically the following: provisions: (1) A lump sum of twenty-thousand eight hundred and fifty dollars ($20,850) per ship, to cover overhead, plant construction, plant extension—if required—and appurtenances, material and equipment for use in connection with said installation of ma: Chinery and equipment; also rental of land and docks. The question therefore arises as to whether this lump- Sum allowance for plant construction and extension con- stitutes entire payment by the Fleet Corporation of any installation plants so constructed. Rates paid are to be the prevailing rates for working conditions in the building trades in which the installa- tion plant is located; or, in other words, the same provi- Sion as applies to ordinary plant construction. 38 SEIIPBUILDING LABOR, ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. INTERMEDIATE RATES. 1. In the South Atlantic and Gulf decision of April 6, 1918, the Shipbuilding Labor Adjustment Board fixed two rates for laborers. - (a) Laborers, 40 cents an hour. (b) Common laborers, 30 cents an hour. Either one or the other of these rates was to be paid. No intermediate rates were to be paid. - 2. In the October 24, 1918, decision of the board, it wa stated— The rates fixed for occupations enumerated in Exhibit A are the rates to be paid employees in these occupations, except Where special rates for learners have been established by joint agree- ment or have been approved by the board as provided in the fol- lowing Sections. SUBCONTRACTORS, J URISDICTION OF THE SHIPBUILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD OVER. 1. Subcontractors doing work inside the shipyard came under the jurisdiction of the Shipbuilding Labor Adjust- ment Board, and pay the wages prescribed by the board, 2. Subcontractors outside the shipyard do not come under the jurisdiction of the board, and the men working for these contractors are not entitled to the wages fixed by the Adjustment Board unless the subcontractor agrees to pay them. The subcontractor, however, has no claim against the Emergency Fleet Corporation for reimburse. ment, should he increase the Wages up to the level estab- lished by the board. 3. A particularly troublesome situation arises where part of the men working for a subcontractor works out- side the shipyard and part inside the shipyard, or where the same group of men work part of the time inside or outside the shipyards. (See General Order No. 37.) LEADING MEN AND QUARTERMEN. 1. Authorizations prior to General Order 36. (a) On March 4, 1918, telegrams were sent to the fol- lowing shipyards: Chester Shipbuilding Co., New Jersey Shipbuilding Co., New York Shipbuilding Co., Pennsyl- vania Shipbuilding Co., Sun Shipbuilding Co., William Cramps & Sons, Baltimore Dry Dock & Shipbuilding Co., Bethlehem Shipbuilding Co., Sparrows Point; Bethlehem Shipbuilding Co., Harlan; Pusey & Jones, Wilmington; Virginia Shipbuilding Co., stating that leading men should receive 124 cents more an hour than a first-class mechanic under their direction and that quartermen should receive 25 cents an hour above the compensation of the first-class mechanics under their direction. (b) On April 19, 1918, the memorandum was sent to North Atlantic district providing for the same differen- COMPILER's EXPLANATORY COMIMIENTS. 39 tial for leading men and quartermen, to take effect April 22. 2. General Order 36 was issued May 31, 1918, and ap- plied to all districts. 4 (a) Definition. General Order 36 defines quartermen as “employees who direct and are responsible for the work of not less than 24 journeymen engaged in ship- building work.” Leading men were defined as “em- ployees who are responsible for the work of not less than 12 journeymen.” (b) General Order 36 provided for reimbursement for certain permissive increases which could be made by shipbuilding companies to their leading men and quarter- men. as follows: - (1) For quartermen “in addition to the authorized wage rate, including the compensation for authorized overtime for the most highly paid journeymen under their supervision and compensated on their hourly basis, an allowance of $2 (25 cents per hour) for each full day they work.” - (2) For leading men “in addition to the authorized wage rate, including the compensation for authorized overtime for the most highly paid journeymen working under their supervision and compensated on their hourly basis, an allowance of $1 (124 cents per hour) for each full day they work.” & 3. Under date of July 11, 1918, the Shipbuilding Labor Adjustment Board sent a letter to all shipyards stating that the Fleet Corporation had requested the Adjustment Board to assume jurisdiction over leading men and quar- termen and outlining the payments which the shipbuild- ers should make. It was decided by the director general in the case of the leading men and quartermen in the Gulf district that— - (a) This letter made the increases outlined in General Order 36 mandatory upon shipbuilders instead of merely permissive as intended by the order itself. (b) That the date on which these increases became mandatory was not July 11, the date of the issuance of the letter, but June 1, the day following issuance of General Order 36. 4. By the decision of October 24, 1918, of the Ship- building Labor Adjustment Board, the duties and com- pensations of leading men and quartermen were redefined as follows: - * (a) Definitions.—(1) A leading man or “gang boss,” “Snapper,” or “pusher ” is a man who directs, expedites, and is responsible for the output or efforts of a certain group of workmen. He is responsible to a foreman, assistant foreman, or quarterman. Leading men are not to be confused with leaders. The number of leading men should not exceed 1 to every 12 in the craft under their direction; provided that in a yard or upon a vessel 40 SEEIPBUILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. in which less than 12 men of any craft are employed there may be 1 leading man for such craft. * (2) A quarterman was defined as a man who directs and expedites and is responsible for the effort or output of more than one group of workmen. He is responsible to a foreman or assistant foreman. The number of quartermen shall not exceed on an average of 1 to every 30 men in the craft under their direction; provided there may be one quarterman to each craft employed on Small vessels irrespective of the number of men of that craft SO employed. - - (b) Rate of compensation.—(1) For leading men: Eighteen cents per hour in addition to the hourly rate fixed for first-class mechanics in the craft under his di- rection. (2) For quartermen: Thirty-six cents per hour in ad- dition to the hourly rate fixed for first-class mechanics in the craft under his direction. (c) Retroactive features.—The October 24 decision of the board made the rates for leading men and quarter- men on the Pacific coast retroactive to October 1, whereas the rates for mechanics were retroactive to August 1. By telegram on November 11, 1918, the board notified Examiner McBride that the rates for leading men and . quartermen were retroactive to August 1 as well. LEARNERS. 1. The Shipbuilding Labor Adjustment Board in its decision of October 24, 1918, placed control over the train- ing of learners in the hands of the Director of Industrial Relations of the Emergency Fleet Corporation. The fol- lowing matters were to be under the direction of the board: (a) The rate of wages of those admitted to the train- ing course. - (b) The duration of the course. - (c) The rate to be paid graduates during a stated probationary period .. they were entitled to receive full-fledged journeymen's Wages. (d) Method of determining when graduates were suffi- ciently skilled to be classed as full-fledged journeymen. 2. On the Atlantic, Gulf, and Great Lakes the follow- ing learners’ rates and conditions for pupils in training schools was prescribed: (a) Riveters’ learners, 56 cents for a period not to ex- ceed six weeks, when they were to be advanced to the full riveters’ rate of 80 cents. - (b) Chippers’ and caulkers’ learners, 56 cents for a period not to exceed six weeks, when they were to be ad- vanced to the full chippers’ and caulkers’ rate of 80 cents. (c) Driller learners, 46 cents for a period not to ex- ceed four weeks, when they were to be advanced to the full drillers’ rate of 68 cents. 4. COMPILER’s ExPLANATORY COMMENTS. 41 (d) Reamers’ learners, 46 cents for a period of two weeks, when they were to be advanced to the full reamers’ rate of 58 cents. (e) Bolters-up learners, 46 cents for a period of two weeks, when they were to be advanced to the full bolters- up rate of 58 cents. (f) Holders-on learners, 48 cents for a period of four weeks, when they were to be advanced to the full holders- on rate of 60 cents. (g) Heaters’ learners, 46 cents to be continued for two weeks, when they were to be advanced to the full heaters’ rate of 60 cents. (h) Shipfitters’ learners, 70 cents for a period not to exceed three months, when they were to be advanced to full shipfitters’ rate of 80 cents. (i) Loftsmen learners, to be paid shipfitters’ rate of 80 cents for a period not to exceed four months, when they were to be advanced to a loftsman’s rate of 90 cents. (7) Whenever learners were put on piecework, they were to receive the regular piecework rates. 3. On the Pacific coast the board approved the so-called “ permit’ system, established in Seattle by agreement be- tween the shipyards and the unions and the agreement entered into between the steel yards in San Francisco and Local No. 6, of the International Union Boilermakers, Iron Shipbuilders and Helpers. - - NOTE.-(a) That no intermediate rates between the learners’ rates and the full journeymen’s wages should be paid. (b) That learners should not be kept as learners longer than the specified time stated. - NIGHT SHIFT. Amount of night-shift bonus.-By the decisions of the Shipbuilding Labor Adjustment Board, a 5 per cent bonus over the rates paid for men working on day shifts was provided for those working on the night shift for all districts save in the Puget Sound. By special order of the Fleet Corporation under date of January 7, 1918, a night-shift bonus of 10 per cent was established for all shipbuilding concerns in the city of Seattle and vicinity exclusive of the Skinner & Eddy plant. If overtime is worked on the night shift, the bonus ap- plied only to straight time and is not paid on the over- time bonus as well. OCCUPATIONS-HANDBOOK. During the Summer of 1918 the Industrial Relations Division of the Emergency Fleet Corporation prepared a Handbook of Shipyard Occupations. This book pur- 42 SFHIPBTUILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. ported to define all occupations and classifications in. shipyards. © - - n The decisions of the Shipbuilding Labor Adjustment I3oard announce that the occupations enumerated in its decisions are described in the Handbook of Shipyard Occupations published by the United States Shipping Board Emergency Fleet Corporation and that copies might be obtained through the district examiners of the Shipbuilding Labor Adjustment Board. ~ NOTE.-This book is now available for reference in the Industrial Relations Division of the Shipping Board. OPEN AND CLOSED SHOPS. 1. The general policy of all branches of the Govern- ment as respects to “open " and “closed " shops, was to maintain the status quo at the outbreak of the war. The principles adopted by the National War Dabor Confer- ence Board and promulgated by the President in his proclamation of April 8: - (1) In establishments where the union shop exists the same . shall continue and the union Standards as to Wages, hours Of labor, and Other conditions of employment Shall be maintained. (2) In establishments where union and nonunion men and Women now work together, and the employer meets Only with employees or representatives engaged in said establishments, the COntinuance Of Such COnditions Shall not be deemed a grievance. 2. The attitude of the Emergency Fleet Corporation and Shipbuilding Labor Adjustment Board. (General Order No. 91.) In its labor policy the IEmergency Fleet Corporation has con- sistently maintained that its policy must coincide with the national labor policy as far as that policy was ascertainable. Upon the One hand, the right of Workers to organize in every workshop and shipyard, whether or not labor unions had pre- Vie)usly existed in Such yards Or shops, is affirmed. On the Other hand, wherever an open shop had existed at the time of the pro- mulgation of the national labor policy and wherever employers dealt only with the employees working in that particular estab- lishment, such Conditions Were permitted to continue and the right Of the elmployer to maintain these conditions was not altered, even though at any one time 100 per cent of the Workers Were members of the union. As a result of a trade agreement entered into between the Emergency Fleet Corporation, the Navy, and the principal unions interested in shipbuilding occupations, adjudication concerning Wages and working conditions in ship- yards Was intrusted to the Shipbuilding Labor Adjustment Board. The memorandum Creating the board makes no specific mention of the Open and closed shop question. º The Shipbuilding Labor Adjustment Board had incorporated in its decision the following language: “Believing that in this national emergency, past difference between employers and em- ployees must be forgotten in the common determination to pro- duce the maximum possible number of ships, the board will not tolerate any discrimination either on the part of employers or employees between union and nonunion men ; provided that this declaration is to be interpreted so as to conform with the prin- Ciples laid down by the President of the United States in his pºtion Of April 8, 1918, Creating the National War Labor Oard. - COMPILER's EXPLANATORY COMMENTS. 43 The Shipbuilding Labor Adjustment Board has never had occa- sion to make any written interpretation of this clause, nor any rulings On Specific questions involving the closed shop or recogni- tion of the union. 3. At the outbreak of the war the shipyards in the Seattle district were union yards or closed yards, as were those in San Francisco. No other districts in the United States, however, were composed of closed yards. OUTSIDE SHOPS ALSO CALLED AUXILIARY PLANTS. 1. By auxiliary plants are meant plants outside the Shipyard manufacturing boilers, engines, windlasses, and Other machinery and equipment to be installed in vessels. or used in the construction of vessels. If the plant is located inside the shipyard, it is under the jurisdiction of the Shipbuilding Labor Adjustment Board; if outside, it is not. *. 2. The contractual relations of the Fleet Corporation with auxiliary plants are: . (1) Where the auxiliary plant is a contractor of the Fleet Corporation itself the contract may take the form of— (a) An ordinary contract. (b) A uniform purchase order. (2) Where the auxiliary plant is a contractor for a - shipyard itself but has not direct contractual relations with the Fleet Corporation. - - 3. Nature of contract clause concerning labor in aux- iliary plant contracts and purchase orders. In a large percentage of the cases there is a clause giving the Fleet Corporation the power to regulate the hours, wages, and working conditions of men in the auxiliary plants and providing for reimbursement if by reason of such in- structions the cost is increased. This, however, is not by any means uniform for all contracts. - In the case of Purchase Department orders which are uniform in nature, the following clause was inserted on July 26 on Form 7 and has since been in all purchase orders which have been placed: The contractor will comply with all instructions as to Wages and conditions of employment of labor on this contract given to it in writing by the owner. If by reason of any such instructions the cost of the article shall be increased or decreased, then the sum to be paid by the owner to the contractor, as herein provided, shall be increased or decreased by Such amountS. - 4. Actual control which the Emergency Fleet Corpora- tion has exercised over auxiliary plants in labor matters. Though the Fleet Corporation had rather extensive powers over labor conditions in its contracts with aux- iliary plants, it has not chosen to exercise such directly. The fact that the auxiliary plant was engaged in Sup- plying material for various Government departments 44 SHIPBUILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. and private interests made the task of regulation difficult, if not impossible. - * - The labor adjustment service of the Fleet Corporation therefore confined itself to efforts at conciliation. It avoided giving mandates governing— (a) Wages. % Hours. 6) Conditions of employment. (d). Matters concerned with maintenance of or opposi- tion to unionism. * - It is possible that before the labor adjustment service came into being, and when in the early winter and spring of 1918 all labor matters were handled by the director of labor, authorization may have been given to apply the Macy scale in some auxiliary plants outside of shipyards. One such case has been discovered where Mr. Blackman, former director of labor, Emergency Fleet Corporation, authorized the application of the Macy scale in an auxil- iary plant. This, of course, was incorrect, as it was in several other instances which were developed. 5. Reimbursement for increased labor cost.— (a) Since the Fleet Corporation has avoided giving definite instruc- tions which would tend to increase the labor cost, it is probable that it is not legally liable in many instances. (b) The Supply Division has permitted reimburse- ments in several cases where the general increase in labor cost has seriously menaced “ legitimate profits.” - (6). A particularly interesting type of problem may arise in those cases where the War Labor Board has ren- dered a decision applying to auxiliary plants which has increased the labor cost to an auxiliary plant or plants. The question as to whether the corporation should reim- burse for this factor is an open one. On the one hand, it might be claimed that it was not the Fleet Corporation itself that used the orders, while, on the other hand, it might be claimed that the board was the official organi- zation of the Government to deal with such matters, and that the Fleet Corporation itself was merely an agent of the Government. PAYING OFF MEN. 1. Frequency of payment.—The Shipbuilding Labor Adjustment T3oard has rendered the following decisions covering date of payment: . (a) Columbia River district, November 4, 1917: “Em- ployees shall be paid every Saturday at the time of quit- ting work.” . - (b) San Francisco district, November 4, 1917: “Em- ployees shall be paid on some regular and definite day of each week.” - - (6) South Atlantic and Gulf districts, April 6, 1918: “Employees shall be paid at least once a week.” COMPILER's EXPLANATORY COMMENTS. 45 (d) North Atlantic and Hudson River district, April 6, 1918: “Employees shall be paid at least once a week.” (e) Great Lakes district, April 19, 1918: “Employees shall be paid at least once a fortnight.” In the first set of decisions of the board, no provision for time of payment was made in the decisions for the Delaware River and Newport News Shipbuilding & Dry Dock Co. - (f) In the decisions of the board under date of October 24, 1918, it was ruled “except when otherwise provided - by joint agreement employees shall be paid at least once a week.” 2. Holding back of pay. no case shall more than three days’ pay be held back.” (b) San Francisco district, November 4, 1917: “In no case shall more than a week's pay be held back.” (c) South Atlantic and Gulf districts, April 6, 1918: t * no case shall more than three days’ pay be held 2,OK. (d) Hudson River and North Atlantic: “In no case shall more than three days’ pay be held back.” - (e) Great Lakes district: “In no case shall more than five days’ pay be held back.” (f) The October 24 decision of the Shipbuilding Labor Adjustment Board ruled that in no case shall more than One week's pay be held back. - 3. Paying off on company time. - - (a) In the first set of decisions (April, 1918,) of the board no mention is made as to whether the men shall be paid off on company’s time or on their own time on the Pacific coast, the Delaware River, and Newport News Dry Dock & Shipbuilding Co. decisions. (b) In the South Atlantic and Gulf district, the North Atlantic and Hudson River district, and the Great Lakes district it was ruled that employees should be paid “on the company’s time.” (c) General Order 38, of the Fleet Corporation, issued June 7, 1918, stated that the Fleet Corporation would reimburse shipbuilders for the expenses incurred in pay- ing off men. If a yard had not been paying its men off on its own time reimbursement would be made not to ex- ceed 15 minutes time per person for each pay period. (d) The decision of the board under date of October 24, 1918, continued a specification that employees shall be paid on the company’s time and extended it to all districts except where there was a special agreement to the con- trary. - 4. Paying upon withdrawal or discharge. (a) The Columbia River decision of November 4, 1917, specified that “any employee being laid off, discharged, or quitting of his own volition shall within 24 hours re- ceive all wages due him.” ‘. (a) Columbia River decision, November 4, 1917: “In 46 SHIPBUILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. See Decisions. (b) The San Francisco decision of November 4, 1917, Specified that “any employee being laid off, discharged, or quitting of his own volition shall receive all wages due him within 24 hours of the termination of his em- ployment excepting Sundays and holidays.” (c) The South Atlantic and Gulf district decision speci- fied that “any employee laid off or discharged shall within 24 hours receive all wages that is due him.” (d) The North Atlantic and Hudson River decision of April 6, 1918, specified that “any employee laid off ; discharged shall within 24 hours receive all wages due 11I]].' " . (e) The Great Lakes decision of April 19, 1918, speci- fied that “any employee laid off or discharged shall within 24 hours receive all wages due him.” (f) The decision of the board for all districts under date of October 24, 1918, specified that “any employee laid off, discharged, or quitting on his own volition shall as promptly as possible, and in any event within 24 hours, receive all wages due him.” PIECE RATES. Delaware River and Baltimore district.—On February 25, 1918, the Shipbuilding Labor Adjustment Board es- tablished for the Delaware River and Baltimore district a piecework system of rates for riveting, chipping, and calking, drilling, reaming, countersinking, and linermen. Atlantic and Gulf district.—This piece-rate system was in the spring of 1918 extended to the North Atlantic, Gulf and South Atlantic districts. - Great Lakes.—On May 8, 1918, a piece-rate scale for the Great Lakes district was approved by the board. Pacific coast.—The question of a piece-rate schedule for the Pacific coast has been hanging in suspense ever since the beginning of the shipbuilding program. The matter was put off from time to time through much tur- moil and confusion, and the board was about ready to fix a scale when it went out of existence on April 1, 1919. In the meanwhile, some of the yards on the West coast had applied the 10 per cent war bonus to piece rates; others had made individual increases of their own ac- count, while still others in the Northwest appear to have continued a scale of piece rates originally in effect which was probably already considerably higher than any rates contemplated by the Shipbuilding Labor Ad- justment Board. -- In January, 1919, Dr. Marshall, member of the Ship- building Labor Adjustment Board, visited the West coast for the purpose of reporting on the piece rate situation. In at least one locality (San Francisco), the board had authorized its examiner to approve an increase in piece rates of at least 10 per cent. The approval, however, was never made effective in the yards, they having with- COMPILER's EXPLANATORY COMMENTS. 47 drawn their request to increase piece rates. So that no increases in piece rates were ever authorized. The situation on the Pacific coast in more detail may be summed up briefly as follows: -- (a) Puget Sound district: Piece-rate work which was done in 1917 was by independent action of the various yards, but about January, 1918, a general rate was put in. June 1, 1918, uniform piece rates were put in, proposed by men and accepted by management. No Open change has since been made, but a heavy increase has taken place due to “agreement" and “allowance ’’ work running wild, possibly much over 10 per cent. The Ames Shipbuilding Co. used the 10 per cent war bonus; others did not. Seattle paid higher than the rest of the coast, and their piece rates were above the eastern scale. A “bank-account’ system was used, which concealed what the men really earned. (6) Columbia River district: A uniform list was put in in November, 1917, being a straight-management Schedule, and included riveting, chipping, and calking. It has not been increased. The men make from one and one-half to two times the new hourly rate. The 10 per cent War bonus appeared in some of the yards in the form of 10 per cent of the day rate, and has not been stepped up since the October 24, 1918, award. (c) San Francisco district: Prior to the strike.in the autumn of 1917, the various yards then in existence were paying various piece rates, but they were not far apart. After the first award of the Shipbuilding Labor Adjust- ment Board of November, 1917, piece-rate schedules were put in by the employers which would permit piece- workers to earn one and one-half times the hourly rates. After the war bonus was authorized by the Emergency Fleet Corporation, in December, 1917, the Moore Ship- yard and the Hanlon plant applied the 10 per cent bonus to piece rates. Between January, 1918, and January, 1919, the yards, acting independently of each other, stepped up rates, and the average increase was from 15 to 20 per cent. # (d) Los Angeles district: Here the yards did very little piecework in 1917. In November, 1917, they took a scale from other yards, which was apparently not a well- rounded scale. In June, 1918, the men presented a scale which was worked over by the company and agreed to between the men and company through their shop Com- mittees. In September, 1918, the men stopped the piece- work on certain operations. The men and the company then agreed to have a man Set prices, and if the company thought their prices were too high, they would reject them and the shop committee would be called upon to set- tle the matter. After some weeks the men came to feel that the agreement was not being lived up to by the company, and on November 1, 1918, the men abolished 48 SHIPBUILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. piecework in the yard, having Submitted a piecework Schedule which the company refused on the ground that the Shipbuilding Labor Adjustment Board was going to take the matter up. Piece rates fiaſed by the board.—The board really pro- vided four different #. of rates: Fl (a) Hourly rates. b) Straight piece rates. c) By the “allowance ’’ system. d) By the “agreement ’’ system. The following provision is found in the first “black book” (piece-rate book) issued by the board. “The pay of piecework, riveting gangs, employed at work not cov- ered by this piece-rate schedule or fixed by agreement, is to be at an hourly rate determined by averaging their hourly earnings while engaged at piecework during the next three preceding days of their employment; pro- vided that when the calculations of the average piece- work earnings by this ruling is impracticable, the rate for such gangs on allowance work shall be $22.75 per day.” The provision for chippers and calkers, drillers, reamers, and countersinkers was similar. Allowance—It should be noted that this definition of “allowance ’’ work applied only to operations listed in the piece-rate book or fixed by agreement. Although the Adjustment Board never definitely stated that the “allowance” should be used for “odd' work on opera- tions specifically mentioned in the piece-rate book, Sec- retary Seager and other members of the board stated at different times that it was their intention that the “ al- lowance ’’ system should also be used for this type of work. Agreement—The board in the first decision made the following provision for “agreement ’’ work. “Piece rates for work not included in this schedule may be de- termined by agreement between foremen and piecework- ers concerned; provided that when rates so fixed by agreement are to continue in operation for more than one week, they shall be reported for record to the exam- iner of the district, and shall be superseded whenever uni- form piece rates for such work shall be fixed by the board.” It should be noticed that “agreement,” i. e., rates agreed upon by foremen and by the men, were to apply only to operations not mentioned in the black book. Abuses.—Great abuses grow up through the loopholes afforded by the board on “allowance ’’ and “agreement " work. It became the common custom of many yards to permit allowance work on practically all the operations on riveting and other piecework trades. This “allow- ance ’’ work was used not only for operations not men- tioned in the black book, but also for work which was perfectly “straight ° and normal, and which could have been done on straight piecework had these rates been * COMPILER's EXPLANATORY COMMENTS. 49 applied. The reason for this was undoubtedly the short- age of labor which compelled employers to offer high earnings in order to obtain the men. This may have been aggravated by the existence of cost-plus contracts in a few cases. - Increases.—On November 30, 1918, the board handed down a piece rate decision for the trades listed in the “black book.” The features of this decision were— (1) An increase of 10 per cent to the earnings on piece- work. This addition of 10 per cent was to apply only to earnings derived from those covered by the piece-rate Scale, and was not to apply to earnings based on the “agreement” or “allowance” systems. (2) The “allowance ’’ system was to be based upon the three day average piece-rate earnings provided that this was not to be less than the hourly rate fixed in schedule “a " of the decision nor more than one and a half times such hourly rate. (3) The division of the riveting gangs piecework earn- ings were changed from the former division of 44 per cent to the riveter, 33 per cent to the holder-on, and 23 per cent to the heater to the new basis of 42 per cent to the riveter, 32 per cent to the holder-on, and 26 per cent to the heater. (See decision of December 10, which restored the original percentage of division.) (4) Retroactive pay on piece work.-It was impossible to determine accurately the legitimate piece-rate earn- ings of the men because of abuses of the “allowance’ and “agreement ’’ systems. The board accordingly au- thorized retroactive pay to piece workers at the rate of 80 cents for each day worked from the pay period be- ginning on or immediately after October 1 to the date when the present increase of 10 per cent became effective. To determine the number of days worked, the records of the shipyards were to be tabulated. For full days, the full 80 cents was to be given; the total number of hours worked broken days when the records indicate the number of hours worked were to be divided by eight to determine the additional number of days for which credit at the full 80 cents per day was to be allowed. By decision of December 13, it was stated that this retroactive payment of 80 cents per day was to apply to workmen on the “allowance” and “agreement” systems as well as to those on straight piece rates. (5) The board on November 30, made a somewhat sim- ilar decision for the Great Lakes shipyards, providing for an increase of 10 per cent limitation of the “allowance” system and provision for retroactive pay of 80 cents per day to piece-rate workers to October 1. (6) This ruling of the board was made effective on February 19 by General Order 165 of the Fleet Cor- poration which is vitally connected with the ruling of the board. 89811–22—4 50 SEIIL’BTUILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. PLANT CONSTRUCTION. 1. The Shipbuilding Labor Adjustment Board has as- sumed jurisdiction over plant construction in those cases where the cost of construction is borne entirely either by the Emergency Fleet Corporation or by the Navy De- partment. Where it is not borne by either the Fleet Corporation or the Navy, the Shipbuilding Labor Ad- justment Board does not have jurisdiction and wages, hours, and conditions of labor are to be settled between the workmen and the company constructing the plant. 2. In those cases where the plant construction is being paid for by the Fleet Corporation or the Navy, the wages provided by the Shipbuilding Labor Adjustment Board are to be the prevailing wages and conditions of labor in the locality in which the construction work is done. The Adjustment Board and its representatives are to be the judges as to what are the prevailing local conditions. 3. The Fleet Corporation in General Order 36, para- graph 64, stated that increased cost of labor on plant construction was not chargeable against the Emergency Fleet Corporation. General Order 40 provided for re- imbursement by the Fleet Corporation of the increased labor cost in districts 4, 5, and 6 where men engaged normally on ship construction worked intermittently on plant construction, but this exception was to expire on June 30, 1918. 4. In those cases where the Fleet Corporation has merely loaned the money, such as the case in the con- struction of dry docks, the work does not come under the jurisdiction of the board. RETROACTIVE PAY. See Decisions. 1. The first decisions of the Shipbuilding Labor Ad- justment Board made the rates established for the various districts retroactive to the following dates: - (a) Pacific coast decisions November 4, 1917. The rates fixed were to be retroactive for employees in the shipyards of (#) San Francisco Bay district from September 22, 1917. (2) Columbia River district from September 5, 1917. (3) Puget Sound district from August 1, 1917. (b) Delaware River and Baltimore districts decision rendered February 14, 1918, and corrected and extended to April 6, 1918, the rates established were made retro- active for employees in shipyards of (1) Chester Shipbuilding Co., Chester, Pa.; Harlan Plant, Bethlehem Shipbuilding Co., Wilmington, Del.; New Jersey Shipbuilding Co., Gloucester, N. J.; New York Shipbuilding Co., Camden, N. J.; Pennsylvania Shipbuilding Co., Gloucester, N. J.; Pusey & Jones Co., Wilmington, Del.; Sun Shipbuilding Co., Chester, Pa.; COMPILER's EXPLANATORY COMMENTS. 51 William Cramp & Sons Ship and Engine Building Co., Philadelphia; to November 2, 1917. (2) For yards predominantly in course of construction, i. e., The American International Shipbuilding Corpora- tion, Hog Island; Merchant Shipbuilding Corporation, Bristol, Pa.; Traylor Shipbuilding Corporation, Corn- wells Heights, Pa.; the rates fixed for crafts engaged in construction which appeared before the board with defi- nite demands—that is, carpenters, plumbers, pipe fitters, electrical workers, sheet-metal workers, painters, black- Smiths, and engineers, to January 15, 1918. (3) For yards in and near Baltimore, i. e., the Balti- more Dry Dock & Shipbuilding Co., Baltimore; the Bethlehem Shipbuilding Corporation, Sparrows Point; the Maryland Shipbuilding Co., Sollers Point; Henry Smith & Sons Co., Baltimore; to February 1, 1918. (c) Newport News Shipbuilding & Dry Dock Co., issued under date of March 7, 1918. These rates were not made retroactive. (d) South Atlantic and Gulf shipyards under date of March 4, 1918, revised to April 6, 1918. The rates of wages fixed in the decision were to be retroactive as fol- lows: - (1) For the employees of the Tampa Shipbuilding & Engineering Co., to November 1, 1917. - (2) For those of the Terry Shipbuilding Co., Savan- nah, Ga., to January 11, 1918. (3) For those in the shipyards of Brunswick, Ga., and Mobile, Ala., and vicinity, to January 15, 1918. (4) In the shipyards of Beaumont, Houston, and Orange, Tex., to January 31, 1918, except for laborers in the shipyards in Orange, for whom the retroactive date is to be November 27, 1917. (5) Those in all other shipyards of the district under the jurisdiction of the board, to February 1, 1918. (e) North Atlantic and Hudson River, issued under date of April 6, 1918. The rates fixed in the decision were to be retroactive for employees in the enumerated Occupations. (1) In the shipyards in the district about New York Harbor, including Bridgeport, from March 11, 1918. (2) For steel ship yards north of Bridgeport under the jurisdiction of the board to March 20, 1918. (3) For all other yards covered by the award from April 1, 1918. (f) Great Lakes yards. . This decision issued under date of April 19, 1918, made the hourly rates and piece rates fixed by the award for this district retroactive from April 1, except where otherwise agreed upon in Writing by owners and émployees prior to April 1. 2. The second set of decisions of the Shipbuilding Labor Adjustment Board issued October 24, 1918, pro- vided for different dates for retroactive pay. 52 SHIPBl]ILDING TABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. (a) In the Atlantic coast, Gulf, and Great Lakes dis- tricts, all rates were made retroactive from October 1. (b) In the Pacific coast districts rates for mechanics were made retroactive to August 1. The rates established for draftsmen, leading men and quartermen, guards, Watchmen, and Sergeants, and work- ers in concrete shipyards and installation plants which had not been previously under the jurisdiction of the board were made retroactive to October 1. By later de- cision the board made the rates for leading men, quarter- men, and draftsmen retroactive to August 1. 3. Some particularly troublesome cases occurring in respect to classes of labor for which increases have been granted by the corporation itself and not by the Ship- building Adjustment Board, such, for instance, as those of foremen, leading men, quartermen, and Salaried em- ployees by General Order 36. Save as established by prior commitments of the Fleet Corporation previous to the promulgation of General Order 36, these increases were not retroactive. - 4. The Fleet Corporation has continually emphasized the necessity of yards adjusting their retroactive claims as speedily as possible. General Order 109 emphasized the necessity of district managers, officials, and super- visors putting into effect the decision of the board re- specting retroactive pay. In January Mr. Piez again emphasized upon district managers the necessity of Speeding retroactive payments. º 5. The method of adjusting the payment of retroactive pay is outlined in office memorandum No. 12, which points out the necessity of district representatives cooperating with the district auditors and district managers of their district. 6. It should be emphasized that men do not lose their claim for retroactive pay because they leave the employ of the shipyard for which they have been working. Many troublesome cases have arisen where loan sharks. buy up the claims of the men. Although no general prohibition can be placed against such action on the part of the loan sharks, the policy of the corporation has been to discourage such action in whatever way is possible. SALARIED EMPLOYEES. 1. The Shipbuilding Labor Adjustment Board in its first set of decisions did not assume jurisdiction over salaried employees. This was left to the supervision of the Fleet Corporation. 2’ 2. By telegrams and letters dated from March 4, 1918, to March 8, 1918, Director General Piez authorized a 12% per cent increase to watchmen, clerks, draftsmen, time- keepers, piecework counters, janitors, messengers (also foremen and power-house employees). This authoriza- tion was granted to employees of the Chester Shipbuild- COMPILER's EXPLANATORY COMMENTS. ing Co., New Jersey Shipbuilding Co., New York Ship- building Co., Pennsylvania Shipbuilding Co., Sun Ship- building Co., William Cramp & Sons, Baltimore Dry Dock & Shipbuilding Co., Bethlehem Shipbuilding Co., Sparrows Point; Bethlehem Shipbuilding Co., Harlan; Pusey & Jones, Wilmington; Virginia Shipbuilding Co. On April 19 Mr. Piez authorized all yards in the North Atlantic district to increase the rates of the follow- ing classes of employees 15 per cent over those received at the time of the decision of the Shipbuilding Labor Adjustment Board: Watchmen, clerks, draftsmen, time- keepers, piecework counters, janitors, messengers (also foremen and power-house men). This increase was to take effect on April 22 and was made mandatory upon the yards. 3. General Order No. 36 provided for certain salary increases, as follows: INCREASE IN COMPENSATION FOR SHIP PLANT SALARIED EMPLOYEEs. All Salaried labor engaged on WOrk for the corporation in or immediately adjacent to the Shipyards who were employed and Whose names appeared on the shipyard pay roll at the time of the publication of the decision of the Labor Adjustment Board in- Creasing the rates of wage labor in the respective districts may receive the following increases of salary Over the salary paid to them at that time, and the increased Salary shall become effective as of the dates Specified under Section 42 herein : (a) Employees receiving less than $1,000 per year may receive increases in their salaries of 15 per cent, provided that in no Case shall the Salary Of any employee in this group exceed $1,140 per year. t (b) Employees receiving salaries between the rates of $1,000 or over and less than $1,500 per year may receive an increase of 10 per cent, provided that the minimum salary of any em- ployee in this group shall be not less than $1,140 per year. (C) Employees receiving salaries between the rates of $1,500 or over and less than $2,000 per year may receive increases of 5 per cent, provided that the minimum salary of any employee in this group shall be not less. than $1,650 per year. The corpora- tion will not assume any liability for any part of the salaries of ship plant salaried employees engaged Subsequent to the effective (late of the decision of the Labor Adjustment Board authorizing the Wage increases in the various districts; and, in the event of the promotion and further increase in the salary Of any employee, it will be liable for only the initial increase authorized herein. It should be noted that this authorization— (a) Applied only to salaried employees receiving less than $2,000 a year. (b) Was permissive rather than mandatory. (c) Applied only to employees employed at the time # the decision of the Shipbuilding Labor Adjustment oard. (d) Shipbuilders could increase salaries in excess of these amounts, but must bear the excess themselves. 4. The Shipbuilding Labor Adjustment Board in its decision of October 24 provided for rates for draftsmen, guards, material checkers, and storeroom clerks, who Sometimes are considered salaried employees. Remainder 54 SFIIPBTJILDING TABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. of Salaried occupations were left under the jurisdiction of the Emergency Fleet Corporation. 5. The Fleet Corporation from time to time permitted, through its district managers, increases in salary to sal- aried employees employed in agency and cost-plus yards, and allowed the same as chargeable against the Emer- gency Fleet Corporation. 6. General Order No. 150 provided for approval by the central office of salary increases for employees in cost- plus and agency yards, except for those under $2,000 a year. Of course, yards could increase salaries without approval if they chose to bear the extra expense them- Selves. Amendment to General Order No. 150 had the “effect of prohibiting reimbursement for increases of sal- ary to Salaried employees in cost-plus, agency, and lump- Sum yards, except where contracts specifically provided for this or the Fleet Corporation had already approved. Shipbuilders were free to increase salaries, but such in- creases were not chargeable against the Fleet Corpora- tion. SANITARY PROVISIONS PRESCRIBED BY THE DECISIONS OF THE ADJUSTMENT BoARD. 1. The memoranda creating the board gave the board power to prescribe working conditions, but the only mention in the first set of decisions on this subject is found— - * (a) In the memorandum agreed to for the Columbia River district under date of November 4, 1917, when it was specified that a trained nurse should be in attendance to render such aid as might be necessary. (b) In the decision for the South Atlantic and Gulf districts, where it specified— (1) Competent medical first aid shall be provided for employees requiring such aid and paid for by the em- ployer. & (2) Shipyard owners are directed to provide for their employees adequate and Sanitary toilets, Washing facili- ties, and pure drinking water properly cooled during the summer months. (c) The same provisions granted in the South Atlantic and Gulf decisions were applied to the North Atlantic and Hudson River districts and to the Great Lakes dis- trict. 2. In the second set of the decisions of the board the control over working conditions was maintained by the following provisions: Medical first aid to be provided.—Competent medical first aid shall be provided for employees requiring Such aid and paid for by the employer. * Adequate toilets, washing facilities, and drinking water to be provided.—Shipyard owners are directed to provide for their employees adequate and sanitary toilets, washing facilities, and pure drinking water, properly COOled during the summer months. COMPILER’s ExPLANATORY COMMENTS. 55 - Additional sanitary precautions—Our attention has been called to the danger to the health of painters resulting from the use of spraying machines and from poisonous gases and fumes in inadequately ventilated portions of the vessel in which they are employed. We request that our examiners bring Such conditions when found to exist in their districts promptly to the attention Of the Director Of Industrial Relations. SATURDAY AFTERNOON OFF. 1. In the Delaware River district only four hours of work on Saturday was required throughout the year. In the Puget Sound district Saturday half holidays were allowed from May 15 to September 15. In the other districts Saturday half holidays were granted in the months of June, July, and August. 2. In various districts on the Pacific coast certain crafts took additional Saturday half holidays, but these were not officially recognized by the Fleet Corporation. 3. It is not the present policy of the Macy Board to forbid workmen from taking Saturday afternoon, off, if their employers are willing, but if Saturday afternoon is worked, it is to be paid for only at straight time and should not be recompensed with an overtime bonus. SCAMPING. 1. By Scamping was meant improper war-time prac- tices in securing labor. There are three main types of Scamping with many variations: (a) Stealing of men, i. e., the direct or personal So- licitation of employed labor at or near the gates of com- i. yards through promises of higher wages, better ousing conditions, etc. - (b) The hiring of men at the gates of the yards hir- ing, who have been attracted from neighboring yards through a deliberate spreading of reports by various means that higher wages are paid in the yard which is seeking to draw the men. (c) Improper newspaper advertising as covered in the topic upon “advertising.” 2. Office Memorandum No. 20 of the Industrial Rela- tions Division outlines the method by which yard repre- Sentatives and district representatives could put pressure upon the offending yards and compel them to cease Scamping practices. It stated that the men Scamped could not be returned unless they wished to and that control could be exercised through threatening action by the general office. 3. With the coming of peace the evil of scamping naturally is lessened or almost totally disappears. It is difficult to draw the distinction between scamping and legitimate competition for labor. Plainly, the Fleet Corporation can not stand in the way of men desirinn to better themselves and the pressure for production 56 SHIPBUILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. (which might be lessened by time spent between jobs and instability of labor force) is not so great. Furthermore, the powers of the Fleet Corporation of course lessened with the coming of peace. WAR BONUS—PACIFIC COAST. On December 8, 1917, the Navy Department and the Fleet Corporation published the following joint an- nouncément : *. - STATEMENT SUBMITTED BY THE NAVY. DEPARTMENT AND THE UNITED STATES SHIPPING BOARD EMERGENCY FILEET CORPORATION. In order to provide a proper Stimulus to increase the Output of ships in the shipyards Of the Pacific Coast, and in Order to encourage men who live at great distances to leave their homes and enter on service in the shipyards, the United States Shipping Board Emergency Fleet Corporation will pay to all employees of Shipyards on the Pacific coast, with the exception of those work- ing under the Seattle agreement, a war-service payment at 10 per cent, effective on and after December 15, 1917, to all men who work for Six Consecutive days in any week a total of not less than 48 hours, provided that men prevented from Working on account Of the elements, physical condition, or any unavoidable cause will not be denied the benefits provided for under this Statement. The payment to be computed 'On straight time at the minimum rate provided in the award, and On February 1, 1918, a further Stimulus to attract men to the Shipbuilding industry will be provided by COnverting the above to a permanent increase of 10 per cent of Adjustment Board rates, provided that nothing in this memorandum shall prevent a rehearing of this matter by the Wage Adjustment Board. It is stipulated that for the pur- pose Of SIICh rehearing the award Of the Adjustment Board Shall be COnsidered as expiring at all Pacific Coast plants six months from the date at which the award became effective in the Puget Sound district; that is, February 1, 1918. FRANKLIN D. ROOSEVELT. CHARLES PIEZ. WILLIAM BLACKMAN. J. A. FRANIKLIN. JAS. O’CONNELL. JOHN I. NOLAN. NOTE.-After February 1, 1918, this war bonus was to become permanent, and the yards were allowed gen- erally to apply it as a 10 per cent increase over the then established Shipbuilding Labor Adjustment Board rates or other established rates. It was due largely to the ex- istence of this war bonus that the Shipbuilding Labor Adjustment Board did not render any decision for the Pacific coast in the spring of 1918, but considered that the making permanent of this bonus constituted a suffi- cient increase at that time. TRANSPORTATION TO THE JOB OF RECRUITED LABOR. & The history of the arrangements made by the Emer- gency Fleet Corporation concerning payment of trans- portation of workers from their homes to the shipyards is as follows: COMPILER's EXPLANATORY COMMENTS. 57 1. On January 3, 1918, Vice President and General Manager Piez authorized the payment of transportation charges of skilled workers recruited by the United States Employment Service to shipyards in Seattle and such other shipyards on the Pacific coast as may be necessary to expedite the shipbuilding program. 2. On May 16, 1918, this authority was extended— (a) To include unskilled labor. (b) To include all shipyards doing work for the - Corporation. (c) To include such boiler works and engine works as had direct contracts with the Corporation. - 3. On November 18, 1918, by telegraphic order from the Fleet Corporation to the United States Employment Service the payment of transportation of shipyard work- ers recruited through the Employment Service was dis- continued, and on December 5 following General Order No. 143 was issued, stating that the Emergency Fleet Corporation will not pay for the transportation of work- ers recruited through the United States Employment Service or through private agencies to shipyards or aux- iliary plants. It was stated, however, that shipyards were free to transport these newly recruited workers at their own expense, but that the cost of transportation would not be chargeable against the United States Ship- ping Board Emergency Fleet Corporation. This was to apply to yards and plants operated under agency con- tracts or cost-plus contracts as well as lump-sum con- tracts. WOOD SHIPYARDS. The awards of the Shipbuilding Labor Adjustment Board covering steel-ship construction were, wherever possible, applied to wood-ship yards, and in those trades not covered by such awards a rate was usually set by the examiner to be approved by the Board, where the Ship- building Labor Adjustment Board had not specifically Set rates for wood-ship yards in the particular district. CONCRETE SHIPYARDS. The decisions of the Shipbuilding Labor Adjustment Board applied to concrete-ship yards as well as to other yards under contract with the Emergency Fleet Corpo- ration. The Board repeatedly ruled that in those trades in concrete-ship building yards which are the same as trades for which the Board fixed rates in steel-ship yards or wood-ship yards the Shipbuilding Labor Adjust- ment Board rates shall prevail. In those trades which are confined to concrete-ship building, such as form carpenters, reinforced concrete and steel workers, concrete laborers and cement finish- 58 SEIIL’BTUILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. ers, the prevailing local rates for these trades are to be paid, they to be determined by the local examiner and approved by the Board. The same retroactive provi- sions which applied to other ship yards apply also to concrete-ship yards. SHIPYARDS ON PRIVATE CONSTRUCTION. 1. It was indicated in the memorandum on the permit system that some control has been exercised in the matter of labor over yards building for private account. 2. It should be emphasized, however, that the decisions of the Shipbuilding Labor Adjustment Board were not binding upon the yards building for private account or for that portion of a yard building for private account which was also building for the Fleet Corporation or for the Navy Department. 3. Although the decisions of the Board may possibly have had the effect of increasing the labor rates in these cases, the Fleet Corporation did not reimburse for added labor cost on this work done for private account. PART II. AUGUST 1, 1917, TO OCTOBER 1, 1918. 59 NORTH ATLANTIC AND HUDSON RIVER, Freeport Shipbuilding CO_______ South Freeport, Me. Gilchrest, Geo. A Thomaston, Me. Gildersleeve Ship Construction - CO Gildersleeve, Conn. Groton Iron Works Groton, Conn. DO Noank, Conn. The Kelly-Spear Co-____________ Bath, Me. Portland Ship Ceiling CO________Portland, Me. Providence Engineering Corpora- tion Providence, R. I., or City Island, N. Y. Sandy Point Shipbuilding Cor- poration Sandy Point, Me. L. H. Shattuck (Inc.) ––––––––––Piscataqua River, Portsmouth, N. H. Ship Construction & Trading CO--Stonington, Conn. The Atlantic Corporation_______- Portsmouth, N. H. Bethlehem Shipbuilding Corpora- tion (Eore River plant) ------- Fore River, Mass. Crowninshield Shipbuilding Cor- pOration Fall River, Mass. Cumberland Shipbuilding Co. --—South Portland, Me. -- Bayles Shipyard (Inc.) ––––––––– Port Jefferson, Long Island, N. Y. Bethlehem Shipbuilding Corpora- tion (Moore plant) –––––––––––. Elizabethport, N. J. Downey Shipbuilding Corporation_Milliken, Richmond Borough, N. Y. City. Federal Shipbuilding CO--_____. Hackensack River, N. J. The Foundation Co-____________ Passaic River, Newark, N. J. Housatonic Shipbuilding CO. * (Inc.) Housatonic River, Stratford, Conn. Johnson Shipyards Corporation__Mariners Harbor, N. Y. Kingston Shipbuilding Co--_____ Rondout Creek, Kingston, N. Y. Newburgh Shipyards (Inc.) --___Newburgh, N. Y. Standard Shipbuilding CO------- Shooters Island, N. Y. Submarine Boat Corporation____Newark, N. J. REQUISITIONED YARDS. Bethlehem Shipbuilding Corpora- tion (Fore River plant) -----__ Quincy, Mass. Texas Steamship Co-___________Bath, Me. Bethlehem Shipbuilding Corpo- - ration (Moore plant) –––––––––– Flizabethport, N. J. Standard Shipbuilding CO --____ Shooters Island, N. Y. Staten Island Shipbuilding Co-__Port Richmond, N. Y. Decision of April 6, 1918. Retroactive date.—(1) Yards in the district about New York Harbor, including Bridgeport—March 30, 1918. (2) Other yards covered by the award—April 1, 1918. Hours of work.-(1) Monday to Saturday, inclusive— 8 hours except (2) Saturdays during June, July, and August—4 hours. 62 SEIILPBTUILDING LABOR, ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. Ruling, Apr. 16, 1918, p. 71. Exhibit A, 68. p. Holiday and overtime pay.—(1) Holidays, double time; (2) overtime, time and a half. Night work.-Five per cent in addition to daily rate. Repair work.-Employees shall continue to receive the extra compensation which was customary in the yard at the time this decision was rendered for overtime on week days, as defined above, as well as on Sundays and the specified holidays. [April 6, 1918.] DECISION AS TO WAGES, HOURS, AND OTHER CONDITIONS IN NORTH ATLANTIC AND HUD- soN RIVER SHIPYARDs. - First. One of the most serious influences retarding the progress of the shipbuilding industry, according to the unanimous testimony of the yard owners and of the district officers of the Fleet Corporation who have come before us, is the shifting of men from yard to yard. If the shipbuilding program, so vital to our success in the war, is to be realized, this shifting must be stopped. The only effective way to stop it is to remove its inciting cause, the variable wage rates paid by dif- ferent yards in the same competitive region. With this purpose in view we have sought in all of our hearings to determine with accuracy the limits of each competi- tive region, so that we might extend over it a uniform wage scale for shipyard employees. . . We have been successful in checking the shifting of labor from yard to yard within the districts in which we have established uniform scales, but this has only ag- gravated the tendency toward shifting between districts. From Maine to Florida complaints reach us that this shifting is going on to the extent of thousands of men a day. Just as this decision is issued, a single yard re- ports that its daily loss of employees exceeds 200. The loss in output of tonnage of ships to the country as a whole from this cause can hardly be exaggerated. After giving the most careful consideration to every aspect of the question—the ease of transportation along the Atlantic and Gulf coasts, the available local labor Supplies and local wage conditions, the cost of living in different shipbuilding centers, etc.—we have come to the conclusion that this shifting of labor will not be checked until the same wage scale, at least for all skilled mechanics, is established for the whole Atlantic coast and Gulf region. We have accordingly decided to establish for all shipyards of the North Atlantic under the jurisdiction of this board the scale set forth in Ex- hibit A. We are at the same time, extending the same rates for skilled mechanics to all South Atlantic and Gulf coast shipyards. Second. The wage rates set forth in Exhibit A are higher than those now paid in the North Atlantic ship- NORTH ATLANTIC AND HUDSON RIVER, 63 yards and as high or higher than the rates paid in the most representative outside shops employing the same crafts as the shipyards. Nevertheless they are lower than were requested by the representatives of organized labor at our hearings. The principal argument urged for still higher rates was the increase in the cost of living in the vicinity of New York City, claimed to have been not less than 100 per cent since the beginning of the war. Appreciating the justice of the contention that wages should be advanced to keep pace with the rising cost of living, we have made a special effort to secure exact in- formation on this point. A thorough investigation of changes in the New York district, not only in retail prices of food, clothing, and other items consumed by wage earners, but also in rents, related to the family budgets of over 600 typical families whose heads are employed in shipbuilding, has been made for us by the United States Bureau of Labor Statistics. This proved an increase So much smaller than that claimed by the representatives of labor that we submitted the data, which they presented at our hearings, to the bureau for careful analysis. The bureau's report shows that the principal reason for the discrepancy was the difference in the method used in the two investigations. The bureau correctly weighted each item in its investigation according to the proved impor- tance of that item among a normal family’s expenditures; in the investigation of the men showing the 100 per cent increase all items, even the most insignificant, were treated as of equal importance. Thus salad oil increas- ing 275 per cent was treated as equally important with bread increasing only 33% per cent; caps increasing 100 per cent as equally important with suits of clothes in- creasing only 52.2 per cent. Other reasons for the abnor- mally high increase in the cost of living shown was the comparison of the prices of vegetables and fresh fruits in the Winter with their prices in the summer, and of the prices of Winter garments with those of summer gar- ments. In view of the fact that the conclusions of the Bureau of Labor Statistics as to the true rise in the cost of living since the beginning of the war correspond closely with other investigations, such as those made for the railroad brotherhoods and submitted by them in con- nection with their request for an increase in wages, we feel constrained to accept it as substantially accurate. Adding this increase to the wage rates submitted by the men as having prevailed in shipyards in 1914, we get rates somewhat lower for nearly all crafts than those given in Exhibit A. We believe, therefore, that the wage scale fixed makes full allowance for the increased cost of living in the New York district, which appears to have been about the same as in other localities. Because of this fact, and of the necessity which the war imposes of adopting the policy which will result in the maximum production of ships in the minimum time, we 64 SHIPBUILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. Exhibit A, p. 68. See Supple- ment, Apr. 16, 1918, p. 71. Rulings, June 29, 1918, p. 75. Rulings, June 12, 1918, p. 74. * * * * * * * - - § 7 92 SHIPBUILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. EXHIBIT B–Continued. Piece rates for riveting merchant ships and Oil ta^\lcers other than, Cylindrical taºlcers—COntinued. Description of work. Other decks, single seams.........---------------------------. Other decks, double seams............................-------. F---—--- e All decks, single closing-in plates.----------------------------- All clips, staples, and bars, on deck when driven with deck... All decks over built-in fresh-water and small fuel oil tanks.... Gunwale bars through deck, when driven alone... . . . . . . . . . . . . Hatch coaming plate, including clips and fittings, if ready. . . . Chain locker (interior Work).................................. All work in forward and aft peak............................. Skylights.---------------------------------------------------- Hatch covers on ship, if arranged to permit continuous work - |{: Nonwatertight divisional bulkheads- - - - - - - - - - - ... . . . . . . . . . . . . - Deck house.......... - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - : Shaſt alley---------------------------------------------------- i Deck-house collars and stapling done alone.------------------. With deck house, done alone...... -----------------........... §-inch....... #-inch....... Rates per 100. (9) Trunk and ventilators (rings).-------------------------------. Masts, small end (location of small end to be determined by agreement). Masts, large end---------------------------------------------. Hawse pipes to be adjusted by foreman and Committee. Deck-house stringers and tie-plate decks. -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - . . . . . All tie-plate decks to be driven alone.......................... Deck-house brackets, driven alone. -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Bull machine riveting to be increased in proportion. All ground work to be 25 cents per hundred less than on ship. Hand riveters to receive 40 per cent above machine prices for Same rivetS. 8 $0.50 in addition to corresponding deck prices. 9 $0.50 in addition to “deck-house” prices. The pay of piecework riveting gangs employed at work not covered by this piece-rate schedule is to be at an hourly rate determined by averaging their hourly earnings while engaged at piecework during the three next preceding days of their employment. DELAWARE RIVER AND BALTIMORE. 93 ExHIBIT C. Piece rates for chipping and calking. Over 18-inch length, straight prices. & ſº º e Piece Description of work. rates Cast iron bulk cutting # inch and under, per cubic inch------------------------ $0.06 Cast iron bulk cutting over # inch, per cubic inch------------------------------ .05 Cast steel bulk cutting # inch and under, per cubic inch... -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - . 07 Cast steel bulk cutting over § inch, per cubic inch. -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - . 06 Cutting stem and stern post Scarphs, per cubic inch- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - . 08 Cutting all plate Scarphs, On ground, per Square inch - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - . 025 Cutting all plate Scarphs, on ship, per Square inch - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - . 03 All angle cuts less than 1% by 1% inches..... -----...--------------------------- . 08 All angle cuts 1% by 1% inches-------------------------------------------------- . 10 All angle cuts over 1% by 1% inches up to and including 3 by 3 inches.---------. . 13 All angle cuts over 3 by 3 inches up to and including 4 by 4 inches............. . 18 All angle cuts over 4 by 4 inches up to and including 5 by 5 inches...... ------- . 25 All angle cuts over 5 by 5 inches----------------------------------------------- . 30 All bevel or offset cuts, price and one-half iſ 45° or over. - Cutting Solid bead per cut----------------------------------------------------- . 25 Cutting hollow bead per cut--------------------------------------------------- . 15 Straight cutting per foot per § inch thick - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - . 05 Cutting that can not be ripped, per foot per § inch thick.-- - - - - - '-- - - - - - - - - - - - - - . 07 Cutting plate from heel of bar to calk keel, per foot per § inch.... - - - - - - - - - - - - - - . 08 Circular and elliptical cutting under 4 inches diameter, per foot per # inch..... . 12 Circular and elliptical cutting 4 inches and up to 8 inches, per foot per # inch...] ... 10 Circular and elliptical cutting 8 inches and up to 24 inches, per foot per § inch. . 07 All notches and Small cuts.------------------------------ '• - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - . 10 Cutting bulb from bulb bar, straight cutting prices to prevail. - All burned edges, per § inch, straight.............. ----------------------------- . 03 1% feet of cutting to be allowed on all laps. e All overhead cutting, not including cutting necessary for calking work on shell bottom, to be price and one-half. - Cutting aii water Stoppers, per foot-------------------------------------------- .01 Cutting out rivets: #inch------------------------------------------------------ --------------- .025 % inch--------------------------------------------------------------------- . 0325 # inch----------------- * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * = s. a. s. a = * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * . 0375 3 inch--------------------------------------------------------------------- . 045 # inch--------------------------------------------------------------------- . 05 linch--------------------------------------------------------------------- . 06 1% inches------------------------------------------------------------------ . 07 1% inches--------------------------------------------------------- --------- . 08 Cutting out conical rivets, each------------------------------------------------ . 08 Flushing all rivets that do not calk-------------------------------------------- . 02 Chipping and Calking all tap rivets, per piece................... --------------. . 07 'Chipping all bars and plates under § inch for calking, per foot - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -:0375 'Chipping all bars and plates under § inch between brackets for calking, per foot per § inch--------------------------------------------------------------- .04 “IBetween brackets” is understood to refer to “spaces of 3 feet or less between brackets or other similar obstructions.” ‘Chipping all bars and plates, § inch and over, per foot per § inch.... . . . . . . . . . . . . 0125 ‘Chipping all bars or plates, § inch and over, between brackets for calking, per foot per § inch--------------------------------------------------------------- . 015 Straight Calking, per foot------------------------------------------------------ .02’ Calking all unplaned bars, per foot. ------------------------------------------. . 025 All fuller Work, per foot------------------------------------------------------- . 05 Bent tool calking, per ſoot.---------------------------------------------------- . 03 - Butt calking: - # inch and under, per foot------------------------------------------------- . 04 Over $ inch, per foot.----------------------------------------------------- . 035 Butt packing, per ſoot.-------------------------------------------------------- . 08 Straight #; per ſoot----------------------------------------------------- . 055 Straight heel packing, per foot.-----------------------------------------------. . 07 Ifeel Calking, per ſoot---------------------------------------------------------- . 035 Calking angle butts (price and one-half iſ packed). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 One flange-------------------------------------------------------------------- . 055 All Calking between brackets, where space is 3 feet or under, per foot. . . . . . . . . . . 03 Calking all rivets between brackets (not chipped). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 03 Calking all rivets on Open work-----------..............................------. .025 Trimming, per foot per § inch (over; inch to be straight cutting); inch or under. .015 Trimming, per foot per; inch (over is inch to and including # inch)........... . 03 Qhipping and Calking rivets---------------------------................-------- .04 Qalking steam and Stern post rivets-------------------------------------------. . 0375 Calking overhead rivets to be 1 cent above regular prices. This to include rivets in both flanges of bounding angles under decks and tank top. All plugs up to $ inch diameter................................................ . 08 All plugs over $ inch diameter................................................. . 15 All parallel liners to be straight prices. Tapered liners: Under § inch at head.----------------------------------------------------- . 15 # inch and over at head.--------------------------------------------------. . 20 SHIPBUILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. ExIIIBIT C–Continued. Piece rates for Chipping and Callcing—Continued. * -- 4- 3 --> Piece Description of work. rates. * & All scarphs to be considered as liners in price. º If shoulder or scarph must be cut away, 1 foot of cutting to be allowed. For chipping and calking open end of angle, 4 by 4 inches or less, 1 flange...... $0.07 For chipping and galking closed end of angle, 4 inches, 4 by 4 inches or less, 1 flange (defined to mean where next to beam under the deck, against the * margin bar)----------------------------------------------------- *— = • * * * * * * * ~ * . 10 Fº chipping and calking open end of angle, 5 by 5 inches or 6 by 6inches, 1 0 l 2089- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1 Fº chipping and calking closed end of angle, 5 by 5 inches or 6 by 6 inches, 1 fºr eºs *D89- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - . 175, W. T. Staples, deck and bulkhead, heavy - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1.15 Overhead, price and one-half. - * Staple made of 3-inch angle or heavier to be considered as a heavy angle. # W.T. staples, deck and bulkhead, light (excess of 30 inches straight work in || "* addition to regular price. This does not include rivets.)----... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .75 Overhead, price and one-half. - 8.- : Water-tight calking plate collars around angles, including lugs (in excess of gºs, 30-luch straight work in addition to regular price) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - . 75 Water-tight calking plate collars around channels, including lugs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1. 00 For round corners, each ------------------------------------------------------- . 03 All work not included in the foregoing schedule is to be regarded as odd or obstructed Work. Piecework chippers and calkers employed on odd or obstructed work are to be paid at an hourly rate determined by aver- aging their hourly earnings while engaged at piecework during the next preceding days of their employment. EXEIIBIT D. Piecework prices for drilling. DRILLING PER EIUNIDIRED ELOLES. Description of work. Rate. Depth of hole, 3-inch: Up to #-inch--------------------------------------------------------------- $1.39 -inch--------------------------------------------------------------------- 1. 74 inch--------------------------------------------------------------------- 2. 07 #-inch --------------------------------------------------------------------- 2. 415 #-inch--------------------------------------------------------------------- 2.76 1-inch--------------------------------------------------------------------- 3. 105 For each #-inch increase in depth add $0.30 per hundred. All Stock Work from 1 inch to 14 inches -----------------------------------. 04:43. DIRILLING AND TAPPIN G PER, EIUNIDIRED EIOILES. Diameter of holes tapped: my depth— #-inch----------------------------------------------------------------- $5.566, #-inch----------------------------------------------------------------- 6.96 +inch----------------------------------------------------------------- 9. 74 #-inch----------------------------------------------------------------- 12. 52 1-inch----------------------------------------------------------------- 15.3 18-inch---------------------------------------------------------------- 19. 48. 13-inch---------------------------------------------------------------- 23.66. 18-inch---------------------------------------------------------------- 27.83 DRILLING, TAPPING, AND STUDI).ING, PER, EIUNDRED EIOLES. Diameter of hºles tapped: * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * s e s sº sº as e ºs e as sº s = e s sº sº a DELAWARE RIVER AND BALTIMORE. 95 , EXHIBIT D–Continued. Pieceworld prices for drilling—Continued. PIPE HOLES PER HUNDRED. . Description of work. Rate, Diameter of holes tapped: Any depth— . . 14-inch---------------------------------------------------------------- $9.75 18-inch---------------------------------------------------------------- 12. 52 13-inch---------------------------------------------------------------T. 13.9 13-inch---------------------------------------------------------------- 19 1#-inch---------------------------------------------------------------- 21.5 2-inch-------------------------------------------------------- * * * * * * * * * 24. Over 2 inches, $2.53 per #. * ODD WORK PER HUNDRIED EIOLES. ' Diameter of holes tapped: All holes up to— -inch----------------------------------------------------------------- $5. 55 1-inch----------------------------------------------------------------- 6.96 15-inch---------------------------------------------------------------- 8.35 14-inch---------------------------------------------------------------- 9. 70 13 . # taps or less to constitute odd work. All odd taps to be price and OL10-12,II. Scattered work, that is, obstructed work or work that requires constant shift- ing, by adjustment. O All overhead work on bottom of shell, bilge, and under counter to be paid for at price and One-half. DRILLING OUT RIVETS. Diameter of rivet— #-inch--------------------------------------------------------------------- 3.5 #-inch--------------------------------------------------------------------- 3.5 *-inch -------------------------------------------------------------------- 3.5 #-inch---------------------------- p = • = e = * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * 4.2 3-inch--------------------------------------------------------------------- 4.9 #-inch--------------------------------------------------------------------- 5. 6 1-inch--------------------------------------------------------------------- 6.96 18-inch-------------------------------------------------------------------- 8.35 13-inch-------------------------------------------------------------------- 9.8 All odd rivets to be paid for at price and one-half. 12 rivets to constitute odd rivets. DRILLING, TAPPING, AND STUDIOING STERNPOST, PER HOLE. Diameter of holes: -inch--------------------------------------------------------------------- 0.35 18-inch-------------------------------------------------------------------- . 42 13-inch-------------------------------------------------------------------- 46 Drilling and tapping Chock foundations, 14-inch -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 383 Drilling chock foundations, 13-inch. --...----------------------------------. 092 DRILLING STERN STRUTS AND KEEL PLATES, STERNPOST ON GROUND OR ON SETIP. Depth of hole, 1 inch: Diameter of holes— inch----------------------------------------------------------------- 5. 57 #-inch----------------------------------------------------------------- 5. 57 #-inch-------------------- s = * * * = * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * ~ * * * * * * * 5. 57 #-inch----------------------------------------------------------------- 5. 57 1-inch----------------------------------------------------------------- 6.96 18-inch---------------------------------------------------------------- 8.35 13-inch---------------------------------------------------------------. 9. 75 1+inch---------------------------------------------------------------- 12.5 Cutter-bar work 23-inch diameter, for 1 inch thick or less. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 For each #-inch increase in thickness up to and including 3 inches......... . 035 Above 3 inches per -inch increase in thickness--------...-----...------... .045 96 SHIPBUILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. RXHIBIT D—Continued. Pieceworld prices for drilling—Continued. ALL COUNTERSINIKING IN corºgon, WITH TAPPING, PER HUN- sea-i-44 Piece f Description of work. rates. Up to and including— - **--------------------------------------------------------------------. $1.00 #nº------------------------------------------------..................... 1.25 **--------------------------------------------------------------------- 1. 75 *inches------------------------------------------------------------------ 2.00 Piccework drillers when on odd or obstructed work are to be paid at an hourly rate determined by averaging their hourly earnings while engaged at piecework during the hree next preceding days of their employment. • EXEIIBIT E. Piecework, prices for reaming. MERCHANT SHELL WORK. Mast holes, #-inch ------------------------------------------------------------- Description of work. Rate. Keel block, 1-inch holes recountersunk, both sides and reamed................ $3.06 All bottom, 1-inch holes, recountersunk, one side and reamed................. 2.00 All shell, 1-inch holes, recouritersunk and reamed full size..................... 1.93 All shell. §-inch holes, recountersunk and reamed full size..................... 1. 53 All shell, bulkhead bars, 3-inch recountersunk and reamed one side . . . . . ...... 1.50 All Shell, bulkhead bars, {-inch recountersunk and reamed both sides - - - - - - - - - 2. 66 All bad holes to be reamed second time, double price for all size. All hard jobs by agreement. M.E.R.C.EIANT INSIDE WORIK. Deck, #-inch, reamed and recountersunk holes................................ $0.612 • Deck, 3-inch, reamed and recountersunk holes - - - - - -- . . . . . . ... --------------- . 765 Deck, 3-inch, reamed and recountersunk holes - - - - - - - - - - - --------------------. .92 Deck, g-inch, reamed and recountersunk holes - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1.15 Bulkhead, *-inch, reamed and recountersunk holes, on ship - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - . 765 Bulkhead, 3-inch, reamed and recountersunk holes, on ship ... ---------------. .85 Bulkhead, 3-inch, reamed and recountersunk holes, on ship - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1.15 Bulkhead, $ inch, reamed and recountersunk holes, on ship. ------------------ 1.50 Flat machine, reamed and recountersunk holes (all sizes)...................... 3.06 Brackets, 3-inch reamed and recountersunk - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1.15 Brackets, ſº-inch, reamed and recountersunk. - - - - - ---------------------------- 1.50 All lugs, reamed holes--------------------------------------------------------- 1. 50 Bulkhead, #-inch, reamed and recountersunk, On ground ...................... .85 Bulkhead, ;-inch, reamed and recountersunk, on ground - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1.00 Frame Work, 3-inch, reamed and recountersunk, On ground - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - . 612 All punched holes not countersunk and to be countersunk - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1. 53 TOIRIPEDO-BOAT SHIELL WORIK. All shell, #-inch, reamcd and recountersunk holes------...----...---------------. $0.60 All shell, 3-inch, reamed and recountersunk holes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... -- .85 All shell, 3-inch, reamed and recountersunk holes - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1.15 All shell, g-inch, and 3-inch, Odd recountersunk holes----------.......... - - - - - - 1. 53 All shell, 3-inch, and #-inch, reamed and new holes.--------...-- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2.00 All shell bulkhead bars reamed and new holes.------------------------------.. 3.06 TORIPEDO-BOAT INSIDE WORK. Decks, 3-inch, reamed and recountersunk holes-------------------------------- $0.46 Decks, -inch, reamed and recountersunk holes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 612 Bulkhead bars, 3-inch, reamed and recountersunk holes One side - - - - -......... 1.15 Bulkhead bars, 3-inch, reamed and recountersunk holes both sides - - - - - - - -.... 1. 53 Ground work, 3-inch, reamed and recountersunk frames, etc., holes - - - - - - - - - - - . 765 Ground work, 3-inch, reamed and recountersunk frames, etc., holes..... -----. . 535 Bulkheads on ground, 3-inch, reamed and recountersunk holes................ . 46 Bulkheads on ground, 3-inch, reamed and recountersunk holes................ . 535 Shell, #-inch, reamed and recountersunk holes--------------------------------- 1.15 Shell, #-inch and #-inch, new recountersunk holes.--...-- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -, - - - - - - 1. 53 Shell, 3-inch and 3-inch, bottom holes.......................------------------- 1. 53 Shell bulkhead bar reamed and recountersunk holes........................... 3.06 Mast holes, #-inch------------------------------------------------------------- #. § DELAWARE RIVER AND BALTIMORE. 97 EXHIBIT F. Piecework prices for linermen. Description of work. Each. Frame liners tapered 3% inches Wide ------------------------------------------- $0.15 Frame liners, 10 inches Wide-------------------------------------------------- . 20 shell liners tapered ----------------------------------------------------------- . 15 Shell liners bulkhead --------------------------------------------------------- . 25 Bulkhead liners tapered ------------------------------------------------------ . 10 Bulkhead parallel liners------------------------------------------------------- . 12 Deckliners tapered ----------------------------------------------------------- . 12 Deck liners parallel ----------------------------------------------------------- . 15 Boiler and engine casing tapered liners............ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - . 10 Boiler and engine Casing liners parallel ---------------------------------------- . 15 Longitudinal liners tapered --------------------------------------------------- . 12 Longitudinal liners parallel --------------------------------------------`------- . 12 Interbottom liners tapered ---------------------------------------------------- . 10 Interbottom liners parallel ---------------------------------------------------- . 12 Bo0son staps and backing angles---------------------------------------------- . 30 Fairing cut liners on shell and molding---------------------------------------- .30 Washer liners on Shell--------------------------------------------------------- 1 1. 21 1 Per 100. ' [March 1, 1918.] DECISION AS TO WAGES, HOURS, AND OTHER CONDITIONS IN DELAWARE RIVER AND BAL- TIMORE SHIPYARDs. - [Correcting and extending Feb. 14, 1918, decision.] The corrections and extensions in this revised and au- thoritative edition of the decision of February 14, 1918, , see Decision, have resulted from conferences with representatives of # * * * the shipyard owners and of the employees concerned, and are intended to clear up ambiguities and misunderstand- ings, as well as to fix rates for a few occupations not previously covered. *. First. During the month of October, 1917, when the Shipbuilding Labor Adjustment Board was absent on the Pacific coast, disputes arose in different steel shipyards in the Delaware River district. These were temporarily adjusted through the efforts of Mr. Raymond B. Stevens, vice chairman of the United States Shipping Board, with the understanding that any wage scale subsequently de- termined by the Shipbuilding Labor Adjustment Board should be retroactive to the date when the men returned to work, November 2. Although there may be some ques- tion as to whether this understanding was intended to apply to yards in which disputes had not yet arisen, we have decided to resolve this in favor of the employees and to make the wage rates fixed retroactive as regards the shipbuilding crafts to which they apply to November 2 for all of the steel shipyards of the Delaware River dis- trict actually engaged in the building of ships for the 89811—22 7 98 SHIPBUILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. Nº. Department or the Emergency Fleet Corporation; that is— Chester Shipbuilding Co., Chester, Pa. Harlan Plant, Bethlehem Shipbuilding Co., Wilming- ton, Del. New Jersey Shipbuilding Co., Gloucester, N. J. New York Shipbuilding Co., Camden, N. J. Pennsylvania Shipbuilding Co., Gloucester, N. J. Pusey & Jones Co., Wilmington, Del. Sun Shipbuilding Co., Chester, Pa. William Cramp & Sons Ship & Engine Building Co., Philadelphia, Pa. t We do this because early in our investigation we be- came convinced by the unanimous testimony of both sides that a uniform minimum wage scale and uniform piece rates for all of the shipyards on the river from Bristol to the north, to Wilmington to the south, would be de- sirable, and because limiting the retroactive provision to employees who actually struck would amount to penaliz- ing those who, notwithstanding their dissatisfaction with conditions, remained loyally at work, and thus be an in- citement to future strikes. For the yards predominantly in course of construc- tion; that is, of the American International Shipbuilding Corporation at Hog Island, Pa.; of the Merchant Ship- building Corporation at Bristol, Pa.; and of the Traylor Shipbuilding Corporation at Cornwells Heights, Pa., we make the wage rates fixed for crafts engaged in construc- tion work, which appeared before us with definite de- mands, to wit: Carpenters, plumbers, pipe fitters, elec- trical workers, sheet metal workers, painters, black- Smiths, and engineers, retroactive to the date when we held our hearing on conditions in those yards; that is, January 15, 1918. For the yards in and near Baltimore; that is, of the Baltimore Dry Dock & Shipbuilding Co., of Baltimore; of the Bethlehem Shipbuilding Corporation, Sparrows Point, Md.; of the Maryland Shipbuilding Co., Sollers Point, Md. ; and of Henry Smith & Sons Co.; Baltimore, we make the wage rates fixed retroactive to February 1 in accordance with an agreement with representatives of the employees in those yards. Second. The most serious obstacle to the maintenance of a uniform minimum wage scale in all of the yards of the district is the variable expense for transportation to and from their work to which the employees of the yards up and down the river from Philadelphia are put owing to inadequate local housing facilities. To equalize this condition we hereby authorize shipyards, whose employees are compelled to expend regularly more than 8 cents for transportation to or from their work, to provide such employees with commutation or other tickets, at the expense of the company. In providing DELAWARE RIVER AND BALTIMORE. r 99 free transportation for employees coming from a dis- tance, each shipyard must adopt such precautions to pre- vent the privilege from being abused as may be prescribed by the auditors of the Navy Department and the Emer- gency Fleet Corporation. We permit the payment of the entire fares of such employees rather than merely of the excess over 16 cents to enable yards with inadequate local housing facilities to draw their employees from greater. distances. Third. As regards hours of employment, we have found a good deal of diversity and confusion in the different yards growing out of the fact that although the eight-hour day has not yet been universally intro- duced, the half holiday on Saturday is an institution that is firmly established and tenaciously adhered to. Under the Federal eight-hour law, work in excess of eight hours in any calendar day for any department of the Govern- ment, counts as overtime. It is in the light of these limitations imposed by Federal law and local custom that we prescribe the following rules to govern hours of em- ployment in the shipyards to which this decision applies: (1) Eight hours shall constitute a day’s work from Monday until Friday, inclusive, and four hours on Saturday. (2) Work in excess of these periods on any week day shall be calculated as overtime and paid for at the rate of time and one-half. - (3) Work in excess of 60 hours a week for any em- ployee shall not be permitted, excepting on repair work, or when ordered by the Navy Department or the Emer- gency Fleet Corporation, or to protect life or property from imminent danger. - . . (4) Work on Sundays and the following holidays shall . Decision...App. be paid for at the rate of double time: New Year's Day; ..."; ". Washington's Birthday; Decoration Day; Fourth of 109. - ſº Labor Day; Thanksgiving Day; and Christmas ay. - - (5) Men employed on night shift shall receive com- Ruling, Aug. pensation 5 per cent higher than is paid to those em- #####". ployed on day shift. i; -- ~~ Our purpose in limiting the work of employees under ordinary circumstances to 60 hours a week is to discourage the practice of excessive overtime, which we believe leads to inefficiency and lessened rather than enlarges produc- tion, and to encourage the introduction of the two and three shift system. The feasibility of working two or three eight-hour shifts in shipbuilding plants has been conclusively demonstrated, and we urge the shipyards of the Delaware River district to take immediate-steps look- ing ºward the introduction of additional shifts in their yards. In addition to the straight day wage, and the piece- wage systems we have found in operation in different 100 SEIIPBUILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. yards numerous bonus, premium, and contract systems of wage payment. The minimum-wage scale and the piece-rate Scales which we prescribe are designed to in- troduce a greater degree of uniformity in connection with wage payments. We therefore direct that no bonus or premium in addition to the rates of wages prescribed in this award shall in future be paid, except with the express permission of this board. This is not intended, however, to prohibit shipyards from paying piece rates to employees in other occupations than those covered by the appended piece-rate scales. Fourth. In certain departments, for example, the de- partments of riveting and chipping and calking, we have found a preference for the piece-wage system on the part of not only employers but also of the workers themselves. The piece rates appended hereto were the result of con- ferences between representatives of the yard owners and of the crafts concerned, in which concessions in the in- terests of harmony and greater production were made by both sides. It is intended that the list shall be from time to time extended to include operations and types of ves- sels, such as torpedo boat destroyers and cylindrical oil tankers, for which fair rates have not yet been ascer- tained. In connection with piecework testimony was presented to prove the existence of rules or understand- ings among the workers limiting the amount that any one worker should produce in a day. The origin of these rules or understandings appears to have been the experi- ence of the workers of having the piece rate cut so soon as they showed an ability to increase their earnings be- yond what the employer considered a normal wage. In the present national emergency it is vitally im- portant that every limitation upon output be removed. Every shipyard worker must appreciate that he is fight- ing for his country when he drives a rivet or calks a Seam just as effectively as the soldier in the trenches when he wields his bayonet or fires a gun. And as the soldier is paid directly by the Government, so the shipyard worker must realize that he now receives his compensation from the Government, all shipbuilding now being upon Gov- ernment account. To bring it home to pieceworkers that the Government is behind them and that they must be behind the Government, we direct the following notices be printed and posted conspicuously in every department of every shipyard where piecework is carried on : The piece rates prescribed as part of its award by the Ship- building Labor Adjustment Board, and printed in the piece-rate book for Delaware River and Baltimore Shipyards, Shall under no circumstances be lowered during the duration of the war. In the name of the people of the United States, we urge employees in shipyards to do their utmost toward winning the War by removing Ruling, July 15, 1918, p. 128. all limitations upon output and hastening in every possible Way, each according to his capacity, the production of ships. SHIPRUILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD. DELAWARE RIVER AND BALTIMORE. 101 Fifth. The methods for determining the amount of back pay to which employees in the different yards shall be entitled shall be as follows: (1) In the case of employees on the straight-day wage system the new hourly wage fixed by the board is to be multiplied by the total number of hours which each employee worked from November 2 until the date when the new wage scale is put into effect. From the product thus determined the total wage, including premiums and bonuses of every kind, which the employee received for his work, is to be deducted. The balance constitutes the back pay to which he is entitled. In determining the total number of hours of employment hours counted and paid for at time and one-half, or double time when the original payment was made, are to be counted as time and one-half or double time calculating earnings at the new rate of wages, but all other hours to be calculated as straight time. (2) In the case of pieceworkers, a representative of the board is to determine, in cooperation with representatives of the pieceworkers of each craft and of each yard, by a study of the actual cards of a dozen pieceworkers of each different craft in each yard, selected so as to cover the different kinds of piecework performed upon a vessel, the average increase in the earnings of such pieceworkers resulting from calculating their earnings at the new piece rates prescribed and comparing them with the earnings they actually received. The average percentage of in- crease so determined for each piecework occupation, mul- tiplied by the total earnings of each pieceworker of each respective occupation from November 2 until the date when the new rates become effective shall determine the back pay which such pieceworker is entitled to receive. Sixth. The back pay due to both day workers and pieceworkers shall be paid at the earliest date at which the elaborate calculations necessary to their determina- tion can be completed, after the rates fixed by this deci- sion are put into operation. Seventh. The minimum rate of wages to be paid to . Exhibit A, p. different classes of employees by all of the shipyards of * the Delaware River and Baltimore districts shall be those set forth in the schedule appended hereto (Exhibit A), which is made a substantive part of this award. Eighth. For all “dirty work’ in connection with the , Decision Apr. ; repair of vessels performed in or upon the vessel em-º,” ployees of the different crafts shall receive 10 cents an º º hour more than the minimum hourly rates prescribed in 33, idis; pp. Schedule A of this decision. 106–107. Employees engaged on repair work in or for vessels in ºliº. 3. e sº ſº - , p. 129. process of repair shall receive double time for all over- time over eight hours from Monday until Friday and over four hours on Saturdays, as well as on Sundays and the holidays specified in section 3. 102 SEIIPBTUILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. Ninth. Rates of wages now being paid to individual ... employees in excess of the minimum rates fixed are in bº. *... no wise altered or affected by the establishment of these # 20, 1918, p. rates. * - e Tenth. The piece rates to be paid for riveting to rivet- ing gangs are those set forth in the schedule appended hereto (Exhibit B). The division of the riveting gang's pay in accordance with these rates is to be in the follow- ing proportions: To the riveter, 44 per cent; to the holder-on, 33 per cent; and to the heater, 23 per cent. pººl. Eleventh. The piece rates to be paid for chipping and tº #.” ‘’” calking and drilling and reaming are those set forth in the schedule appended hereto (Exhibits C, D, and E). Twelfth. The piece rates to be paid to linermen in the William Cramp & Sons Ship & Engine Building Co., and in other shipyards employing linermén at piecework, are those set forth in the accompanying schedule (Ex- hibit F). Thirteenth. No reduction in any of these piece rates is to be permitted on the part of any shipyard in the Delaware River district during the duration of the war. Fourteenth. Believing that in this national emergency past differences between employers and employees must be forgotten in the common determination to produce the maximum possible number of ships, the board will not tolerate any discrimination either on the part of the em- ployers or employees between union and nonunion men. Fifteenth. Rates of wages for occupations not covered by this decision shall be tentatively agreed upon between the individual shipyards and employees concerned. Such tentative rates shall be reported to the examiner, who shall satisfy himself as to the fairness of the rates tenta- tively fixed and report a recommendation for their con- firmation or modification by this board. The board may on the basis of such report and recommendation deter- mine a uniform minimum rate for each such occupation, and add it to the rates prescribed in this award. Sixteenth. The rates and other conditions prescribed in this decision, except as otherwise provided, shall be put into effect on or before Monday, February 25, 1918. W. EveRIT MACY, Chairman. LOUIS A. COOLIDGE. . A. J. BERREs. WASHINGTON, I). C., March 1. 1918. DELAWARE RIVER AND BALTIMORE. 103 EXHIBIT A. Minimatm wage Scale for journeymen, Specialists, helpers, and laborers in Specified crafts in Delaware River and Baltimore Shipyards. - Acetylene department: - Rate per hour. Burners, first class_l $0.65 Burners, second class . 60 Grindlers . 50 Chippers . 50 Welders - .65 Helpers - . 46 Angle Smith department : - Anglesmiths— & Heavy fire .87% Heavy fire helpers . 55 Other fire__ .72% Other fire helpers f . 46 Furnace men on shapes and plates (ship work) –––––– .82% R}lectric Welder . 65 Blacksmith shop : - Hammer and machine forgers, heavy 1.35 |Heater . 55 Lever men or cranemen e . 70 Helpers - . 50 Hammer runner, heavy . 55 Blacksmiths— Heavy fire , 87% Heavy fire helpers . 55 Other fire . 72% Other fire helpers . 46 Drop forgers - - . 70 Drop forgers' helpers & , 50 BOltmakers .72% Boltmakers' helpers . 46 Laborers - . 40 Liner forgers . 55 Liner forgers’ helpers -. 46 Boiler shop : - BOiler Imakers . 70 • Drillers . 60 HolderS-On * * . 50 Rivet heaters - . 40 Flange turners . 75 Helpers —y— . 46 Slab furnace men . 75 Planer hands - - . 55 Bolting and liner department: BOlterS ––– - . 50 Ilinermen - . 54 Helpers - . 42% Cement department: Cenmenters - . 50 Helpers - .42% Chipping and calking department: Tank testers . 70 F[and chippers and calkers . 70 Pneumatic chippers and calkers . 65 Packers . 50 Cleaning department: I.Gader . 55 Laborers . 40 Coppersmith department: - Coppersmiths .72% Plumbers and pipe fitters . 72% Helpers . 46 104 SEIIPBTUILDING LABOR, ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. Drilling and reaming department: Rate per hour. DrillerS $0.60 Reamers - e . 50 Electrical department: - Electricians, first class . 70 Electricians, Second class . 65 Wiremen g . 55 JOiners . 70 Machinists, first class . 72% Helpers . 46 Jürecting department: Ileading men - & .85 Marine erectors, first class_-_ - . 72% Marine erectors, Second class . 62% Specialist or handy man . 52 Helpers * * *-* . 46 Fitting-up department: Fitters, first class - .72% Fitters, Second class - . 65 Regulators, first class . 60 Regulators, second class . 52% Helpers – . 46 Foundry department: Molders .72% Cupola tenders . 72% Helpers –––– - . 46 Hand and machine chippers . 50 Laborers . 40 Furnace department: - Leaders .67% Firemen and helpers . 55 Strikers . 55 Hull engineering department: Marine erectors, first class .72% Marine erectors, second class . 62% Specialists or handly men : .. 52 Joiners . 70 Helpers . 46 Joiner department : JOinel'S . 70 Machine men . 70 Helpers . 42% Lumber department: - Machine men - . 65 Helpers - . 42% Machine shop : Machinists, first Class— . 72% Machinists, Second class . 62% Specialists or handy men , 52 Helpers --- . 46 Material labor department: Engineers, locomotive & . 65 Operators, locomotive, Cantilever, gantry, and other Cranes Of Over 3 tonS . 70 Operators, stiff-legged derricks . 65 Hoisting and portable firemen , 50 LOCOmotive COnductors . 50 ROad Crane COnductOrS * - , 50 MOld 10ft : Gang leaders . 85 LOftsmen, first Class___: .82% LOftSmen, Second Class .72% JOiners . 70 Helpers .42% Paint department: - Painters and polishers . 60 Helpers .42% DELAWARE RIVER AND BALTIMORE. 105. Pattern shop : Rate per hour. tº Pattern Imakers $0.75 LaborerS . 40. Rigging department: Marine leaders . 75 Marine riggers . 62% Crane leaders . 75 Crane gang leaders . . 67% Cranemen . 60 Erector leaders - . 60 Erectors . 50 Iłiveting department: & Rivet testel'S –––– . 80 Stage builders .573 Hand riveters - . 70 Pneumatic riveters - . 65 HOlders On. . 50 Heater boys . 38 Passer boys * . 30 Helper's . 46 'N Ship Carpenter department : - Ship Carpenters, first class . 70 Ship Carpenters, second class . . 65 Easteners . 60 Erectors - * . 50 Helpers .42% WOOd Calkers . 70 WOOCl realmerS- . 55 Ship shed department: - s Punchers * . 55 Planer and Scarfer------ . 55 Countersinkers - . 55 DrillerS . 60 Bending rollers * . 62% Mangle rollers--- .57% Pressmen, first class –––– . 62% Pressmen, Second Class . 55. Offsetters . 55 Sawyers *> . . 47% . Helpers . 46 Ventilation department: Layers Out - . 70 Sheet-metal workers –––– . 70 Helpers sº º . 46 Rates for employees engaged in construction work. Operators, locomotive cranes $0.82% BlackSmithS . 72% Plumbers ~r— . 72% Pipe fitters 72% Ruling, Mar. Sheet-metal workers 70 26, 1918, p. 107... Carpenters . 70 IClectricians, first class , 70 Electricians, Second class . 65 Wiremen - • . 55 Engineers . 65 Paintel'S , 60 Common laborers . 35 isiºn-For Fxhibits B to G see printed piece-rate book (dated Feb. 25, (Amended April 6, 1918, by establishing “Black Book '' ante- dated to Feb. 25, 1918, p. 116.) J.06 SHIPBUILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. NEw YORK SHIPBUILDING CO.-BONUSES-PIECE . RATES. rºar; 20, 1918. Letter—Board to New York Shipbuilding O. & Your letter of the 18th instant asking for authoriza- tion of the Shipbuilding Labor Adjustment Board for continuance of your present bonus system of payment in your plant has been received. In reply I wish to say that the paragraphs in the de- cision of our board, to which you refer, were included especially with the purpose in view of meeting a situa- tion such as is presented in your plant. You have care- fully worked out a system which seems to be entirely satisfactory, which produces the desired results, and therefore our board authorizes you to continue your present method. - PIECE RATES_RETRO ACTIVE FEATURE. February 28, 1918. Letter—Board to All Yards in Delaware River District. Advises that after careful comparison of new piece rates (decision Mar. 1, 1918) with those of the old scale Ruling, Mar. 23, 1918, p. 107. conclusion has been reached that the following percent- ages represent the average rate of increase for the differ- ent piecework crafts: For riveting gangs and chippers and calkers, 18 per cent. . . For drillers, reamers, and bolters-up, 15 per cent. Also directing that these percentages be used in deter- mining the back pay due to pieceworkers of the different crafts employed from the retroactive date to the date of the decision. e REPAIR WORK–10 CENTS DIFFERENTIAL. March 22, 1918. General Letter to All De'aware River and Baltimore Steel Yards. - Decision of March 1, 1918, paragraph 1, section 8, is amended as follows: For all repair work in and upon vessels employees of the different crafts shall receive 10 cents an hour more than the minimum hourly rates pre- scribed in schedule A of this decision. In order to assist the interpretation of this provision, it is added that in the phrase “repair work” is included all work done by all crafts in or upon the vessel, includ- ing, of course, boiler and machine work, joiner work on deck, as well as all other work necessarily performed in and upon such vessel. It is meant, therefore, by this provision, thus under- stood, all parts of the vessel under repair which are re- moved to shops for overhauling or reconstructing shall be repair work, during the process of such overhauling and reconstruction. wº DELAWARE RIVER AND BALTIMORE. - 107 It is further understood that parts of the vessel or of its machinery or appliances that may be replaced by new work, constructed outside of the ship, is not to be con- sidered repair work, but when Such parts, appliances, or machinery thus newly constructed are being installed upon the vessel, such installation and all work connected there with shall be considered repair work. - REPAIR WORK–10-CENT ADDITION. March 23, 1918. Board to Examiner. - - Ruling, June Board has adopted the recommendations extending 16 ºp.". the 10-cent addition to hourly wages on all repair work in and upon vessels, including the repair of machinery taken from the vessel into the shop and returned to the vessel. - POWER-HOUSE ENGINEERS. March 26, 1918. Board to Examiner. Board approves 60-cent rate for the power-house engi- neers for the Baltimore Dry Dock & Shipbuilding Co. LOCOMOTIVE-CRANE ENGINEERS. March 26, 1918. Board to Examiner. In reference to the operators of locomotive cranes the rate of 82% cents mentioned in the decision is to apply only to such cranes in connection with construction work for which the Emergency Fleet Corporation is paying the bill. These special rates put in at the end of the Delaware River and Baltimore decision were intended to apply to the Hog Island and Bristol yard, which were still in the stage of construction, and which are under the jurisdiction of the board because of the unusual nature of the contract made those yards. The minimum rate for operators for locomotive cranes in shipyards is 70 cents, and there seems to be no merit in Mr. Hewer’s claim that they should get the 82}-cent rate. Of course, the 70-cent rate is a minimum rate and operators of exceptional cranes may be paid more, but it was not intended that locomotive cranemen as a whole group should get more. [Apr. 6, 1918.] DECISION AS TO WAGES, HOURS, AND OTHER CONDITIONS IN DELAWARE RIVER AND BAL- TIMORE SHIPYARDS. [Correcting and extending Feb. 14, 1918, decision.] See pp. 105 and 116. The corrections and extensions in this revised and authoritative edition of the decision of February 14, 1918, have resulted from conferences with representatives of the shipyard owners and of the employees concerned, and are intended to clear up ambiguities and misunder- 108 SEIIRBTUILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. standings, as well as to fix rates for a few occupations not previously covered. First. During the month of October, 1917, when the Shipbuilding Labor Adjustment Board was absent on the Pacific coast, disputes arose in different steel ship- yards in the Delaware River district. These were tempo- rarily adjusted through the efforts of Mr. Raymond B. Stevens, vice chairman of the United States Shipping Board, with the understanding that any wage Scale subse- quently determined by the Shipbuilding Labor Adjust- ment Board should be retroactive to the date when the men returned to work, November 2. Although there may be some question as to whether this understanding was intended to apply to yards in which disputes had not yet arisen, we have decided to resolve this in favor of the em- ployees and to make the wage rates fixed retroactive as regards the shipbuilding crafts to which they apply to November 2 for all of the steel shipyards of the Delaware River district actually engaged in the building of ships for the Navy Department or the Emergency Fleet Cor- poration, that is— g Chester Shipbuilding Co., Chester, Pa. º Plant, Bethlehem Shipbuilding Co., Wilming- ton, Del. New Jersey Shipbuilding Co., Gloucester, N. J. New York Shipbuilding Co., Camden, N. J. Pennsylvania Shipbuilding Co., Gloucester, N. J. Pusey & Jones Co., Wilmington, Del. Sun Shipbuilding Co., Chester, Pa. William Cramp & Sons Ship & Engine Building Co., Philadelphia, Pa. We do this because early in our investigation we be- came convinced by the unanimous testimony of both sides that a uniform minimum wage Scale and uniform piece rates for all of the shipyards on the river from Bristol to the north to Wilmington to the south would be desirable, and because limiting the retroactive provision to em- ployees who actually struck would amount to penalizing those who, notwithstanding their dissatisfaction with conditions, remained loyally at work, and thus be an in- citement to future strikes. For the yards predominantly in course of construc- tion—that is, of the American International Shipbuilding Corporation, at Hog Island, Pa., of the Merchant Ship- building Corporation, at Bristol, Pa., and of the Traylor Shipbuilding Corporation, at Cornwells. Heights, Pa.- we make the wage rates fixed for crafts engaged in con- struction work, which appeared before us with definite demands, to wit: Carpenters, plumbers, pipe fitters, elec- trical workers, sheet-metal workers, painters, blacksmiths, and engineers, retroactive to the date when we held our hearing on conditions in those yards—that is, January 15, 1918. DELAWARE RIVER AND BALTIMORE. . 109 For the yards in and near Baltimore—that is, of the Baltimore Dry Dock & Shipbuilding Co., of Baltimore; of the Bethlehem Shipbuilding Corporation, Sparrows Point, Md.; of the Maryland šnj o., Sollers Point, Md. ; and of Henry Smith & Sons Co., Baltimore— We make the wage rates fixed retroactive to February 1 in accordance with an agreement with representatives of the employees in those yards. Second. The most serious obstacle to the maintenance Ruling, May of a uniform minimum wage scale in all of the yards of * * * * the district is the variable expense for transportation to and from their work to which the employees of the yards up and down the river from Philadelphia are put owing to inadequate local housing facilities. To equalize this condition we hereby authorize shipyards whose employees are compelled to expend regularly more than 8 cents for transportation to or from their work, to provide such em- ployees with commutation or other tickets, at the expense of the company. In providing free transportation for employees coming from a distance, each shipyard must adopt such precautions to prevent the privilege from . being abused as may be prescribed by the auditors of the Navy Department and the Emergency Fleet Corporation. We permit the payment of the entire fares of such em- ployees rather than merely of the excess over 16 cents to enable yards with inadequate local housing facilities to draw their employees from greater distances. Third. As regards hours of employment, we have found a good deal of diversity and confusion in the different yards growing out of the fact that although the 8-hour day has not yet been universally introduced, the half holiday on Saturday is an institution that is firmly established and tenaciously adhered to. Under the Fed- eral eight-hour law, work in excess of eight hours in any calendar day for any department of the Government counts as overtime. It is in the light of these limitations imposed by Federal law and local custom that we pre- scribe the following rules to govern hours of employment in the shipyard to which this decision applies: - (1) Eight hours shall constitute a day’s work from Monday until Friday, inclusive, and four hours on Satur- day. (2) Work in excess of these periods on any week day shall be calculated as overtime and paid for at the rate of time and one-half. (3) Work in excess of 12 hours a day or 60 hours a week for any employee shall not be permitted, except when ordered by the Navy Department or the Emer- gency Fleet Corporation, or to protect life or property from imminent danger. (4) Work on Sundays and the following holidays shall be paid for at the rate of double time: New Year's Day, Washington's Birthday, Decoration Day, Fourth of July, 110 SHIPBUILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD Awards. Labor Day, Thanksgiving Day, and Christmas Day, and half holidays on State and national election days. asº. # (5), Men employed on night shift shall receive com- pensation. 5 per cent higher than is paid to those em- . ployed on day shift. • 16:.. "...º.” Our purpose in prescribing the maximum daily and y weekly working period is to discourage a resort to exces- sive overtime, which leads to inefficiency and tends to result not only in increased costs but lessened production. We wish also to encourage the introduction of the two and three shift systems. The feasibility of working two or three eight-hour shifts in shipbuilding plants has been conclusively demonstrated, and we urge the ship- yards of the Delaware River district to take immediate steps looking toward the introduction of additional shifts in their yards. - - In addition to the straight day wage, and the piece wage systems, we have found in operation in different yards numerous bonus, premium, and contract systems of wage payment. The minimum-wage scale and the piece-rate scales which we prescribe are designed to in- troduce a greater degree of uniformity in connection with wage payments. We, therefore, direct that no bonus or premium in addition to the rates of wages prescribed in this award shall in future be paid, except with the ex- press permission of this board. This is not intended, however, to prohibit shipyards from paying piece rates to employees in other occupations than those covered by the appended piece-rate Scales. lºº & Fourth. In certain departments, for example, the de- Rúliºg, june partments of riveting and chipping and calking, we **ś,”; have found a preference for the piece-wage system on iß pº the part of not only employers but also of the workers 2.É. p. 33, themselves. The piece rates appended hereto were the result of conferences between representatives of the yard owners and of the crafts concerned, in which concessions in the interests of harmony and greater production were made by both sides. It is intended that the list shall be from time to time extended to include operations and types of vessels, such as torpedo-boat destroyers and cyl- indrical oil tankers, for which fair rates have not yet been ascertained. In connection with piecework, testi- mony was presented to prove the existence of rules or understandings among the workers limiting the amount that any one worker should produce in a day. The ori- gin of these rules or understandings appears to have been the experience of the workers of having the piece rate cut So Soon as they showed an ability to increase their earnings beyond what the employer considered a normal Wa, Ore. in the present national emergency it is vitally impor- tant that every limitation upon output be removed. Every shipyard worker must appreciate that he is fight- DELAWARE RIVER AND BALTIMORE. 11]: ing for his country when he drives a rivet, or calks a seam, just as effectively as the Soldier in the trenches when he wields his bayonet or fires a gun. And as the soldier is paid directly by the Government, so the ship- yard worker must realize that he now receives his com- pensation from the Government, all shipbuilding now being upon Government account. To bring it home to pieceworkers that the Government is behind them and that they must be behind the Government, we direct the following notices be printed and posted conspicuously in every department of every shipyard where piecework is carried on : - The piece rates prescribed as part of its award by the Ship- building Labor Adjustment Board, and printed in the piece- rate book for Delaware River and Baltimore shipyards, Shall under no circumstances be lowered during the duration of the war. In the name of the people Of the United States, We urge employees in shipyards to do their utmost toward Winning the war by removing all limitations upon output and hastening in every possible way, each according to his capacity, the production Of Ships. - * SEIIPBUILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD. Fifth. The methods for determining the amount of back pay to which employees in the different yards shall. be entitled shall be as follows: (1) In the case of employees on the straight day-Wage. system the new hourly wage fixed by the board is to be. multiplied by the total number of hours which each em- ployee worked from November 2 until the date when, the new wage scale is put into effect. From the product. thus determined the total wage, including premiums and bonuses of every kind, which the employee received for his work, is to be deducted. The balance constitutes the back pay to which he is entitled. In determining the total number of hours of employment, hours counted and paid for at time and one-half, or double time when the original payment was made, are to be counted as time and One-half or double time in calculating earnings at the new rate of wages, but all other hours are to be cal- culated as straight time. (2) In the case of pieceworkers, a representative of the board is to determine in cooperation with representa- tives of the pieceworkers of each craft and of each yard by a study of the actual cards of a dozen pieceworkers of each different craft in each yard, selected so as to cover the different kinds of piecework performed upon a ves- Sel, the average increase in the earnings of such piece- workers resulting from calculating their earnings at the new piece rates prescribed and comparing them with the earnings they actually received. The average percentage. of increase so determined for each piecework occupation, multiplied by the total earnings of each pieceworker of each respective occupation from November 2 until the date when the new rates become effective, shall determine. I12 SHIPBUILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. * the back pay which such pieceworker is entitled to re- CeIVé. Sixth. The back pay due to both day workers and pieceworkers shall be paid at the earliest date at which the elaborate calculations necessary to their determina- tion can be completed, after the rates fixed by this de- cision are put into operation. s:#, ". . Seventh. The minimum rate of wages to be paid to dif- 113. "ferent classes of employees by all of the shipyards of the . Delaware River and Baltimore districts shall be those set forth in the schedule appended hereto (Exhibit A), which is made a substantive part of this award. loº, º Eighth. For all repair work in and upon vessels, em- July 10, 1918, p. ployees of the different crafts shall receive 10 cents an iš **ś. * hour more than the minimum hourly rates prescribed in Schedule A of this decision. Employees engaged on repair work in or for vessels in process of repair shall receive double time for all over- time over eight hours from Monday until Friday and . over four hours on Saturdays, as well as on Sundays and the holidays specified in section 3. & Ninth. Rates of wages now being paid to individual employees in excess of the minimum rates fixed are in no wise altered or affected by the establishment of these rates. Tenth. The piece rates to be paid for riveting to rivet- ing gangs are those set forth in the schedule appended hereto. (Exhibit B.) The division of the riveting gang's pay in accordance with these rates is to be in the follow- ing proportions: To the riveter, 44 per cent; to the holder-on, 33 per cent; and to the heater, 23 per cent. . sjºn, tº Eleventh. The piece rates to be paid for chipping and §.seºlagº calking, and drilling and reaming, are those set, forth Book,” p. 116. in dº schedule appended hereto. (Exhibits C., D., an Ci E. - Twelfth. The piece rates to be paid to linermen in th William Cramp & Sons Ship & Engine Building Co., and in other shipyards employing linermen at piecework, are those set forth in the accompanying schedule. (Ex- hibit F.) Thirteenth. No reduction in any of these piece rates is to be permitted on the part of any shipyard in the Dela- ware River district during the duration of the war. Fourteenth. Believing that in this national emergency past differences between employers and employees must be forgotten in the common determination to produce the maximum possible number of ships, the board will not tolerate any discrimination either on the part of employers or employees between union and nonunion men. Fifteenth. Rates of wages for occupations not covered by this decision shall be tentatively agreed upon between the individual shipyards and employees concerned. Such tentative rates shall be reported to the examiner, who shall satisfy himself as to the fairness of the rates tenta- DELAWARE RIVER AND BALTIMORE. 113 tively fixed and report a recommendation for their con- firmation or modification by this board. The board may, on the basis of such report and recommendation, deter- mine a uniform minimum rate for each such occupation and add it to the rates prescribed in this award. Sixteenth. The rates and other conditions prescribed in this decision, except as otherwise provided, shall be put into effect on or before Monday, February 25, 1918. V. EvDRIT MACY, Chairman. LOUIS A. CoOLIDGE. A. J. BERREs. WASHINGTON, D. C. EXHIBIT A. Minimum wage scale for journeymen, Specialists, helpers, and laborers in specified crafts in Delaware River and Baltimore Shipyards. Acetylene department - Rate per hour. Burners, first class $0.65 Burners, second class . . 60 Grinders 4. . 50 Chippers . 50 WelderS . 65 Helpers .46 Angle Smith department: Angle Smiths— Heavy fire- . 873, Heavy-fire helpers— . 55 Other fire . 72} Other fire helpers . 46 Furnace men on shapes and plates (ship work) ------- .82% Electric Welder . 65 BlackSmith Shop : Hammer and machine forgers, heavy 1. 35 Heater . 55 LeVermen Or Crane men . 70 Helpers . 50 Hammer runner, heavy - . 55 BlackSmithS— Heavy fire - .87% Heavy-fire helpers . . 55 Other fire * . 72} Other fire helpers . 46 Drop forgers º . . 70 Drop forgers' helpers . 50 Bolt makers . 723 Boltmakers' helpers . 46 Laborers . 40 Liner forgers . 55 Liner forgers' helpers .46 Boiler shop : BOiler makers ––––– . 70 Drillers - . 60 HolderS-On . 50 Rivet heaters * . 40 Flange turners . 75 Helpers ––––––––––––––– . 46 Slab furnace men — . 75 Planer hands - - . 55 89811—22 S 114 SHIPBUILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT. BOARD AWARDS. Bolting and liner department: Rate per hour. Bolters $0.50 Linermen . 54 |PIelpers ſº .42% Cement department: Cementers - *— . 50 Helpers .42% Chipping and calking department: Tank testers . 80 Chippers and calkers . 70 Packers . 50 Cleaning department: Leader . 55 Laborers . 40 Coppersmith department: Coppersmith - . 72% Plumbers and pipe fitters . 72% Helpers * .46 Drilling and reaming department: Drillers . 60 Reamers . 50 Electrical department: - Electricians, first class . 70 Electricians, second class . 65 Wiremen '. 55 Joiners . 70 Machinists, first class . 72% Helpers . 46 Erecting department: Leading men . 85 Marine erectors, first class . 72% Marine erectors, second hand . 62% Specialist or handy man . 52 Helpers . 46 Fitting-up department: Fitters, first class . 72% Fitters, second class . 65 Regulators, first class . 60 Regulators, second class__: . 52% Helpers . 46 Foundry department: - Molders . 72% Cupola tenders * . 72% Helpers . 46 Hand and machine chippers . 50 Laborers - . 40 Furnace department: Leaders 67% Firemen and helpers –––– . 55 Strikers . 55 Hull engineering department : Marine erectors, first class .72% Marine erectors, Second class . 62% Specialists or handy men . 52 Joiners - . 70 Helpers . 46 Joiner department: Joiners . 70 Machine men . 70 Helpers .42% Lumber department: Machine men . 65 Helpers . 42% DELAWARE RIVER AND BALTIMORE. 115 Machine shop : Rate per hour. Machinists, first class $0.72% Machinists, second class . 62% Specialists or handy men . 52 Metal polishers, buffers, and platers . 70 Helpers . 46 Material labor department: Engineers, locomotive . 65 Operators, locomotive, cantilever, gantry, and other Cranes Of Over 3 tons .70 T Operators, stiff-legged derricks . 65 Hoisting and portable firemen . 50 LOCOmotive Conductors . 50 ROad-Cralle Conductors . 50 MOld loft : Gang leaders . S5 LOftSmen, first class .82% LOftsmen, Second class * . 72% Joiners . 70 Helpers .42% Paint department: Painters and polishers . 60 Bitumastic painters . 72% E[elpers .42% Pattern shop : Pattern makel'S . 75 Laborers . 40 Rigging department : Marine leaderS . 75 Marine riggers . 62% Crane leaders . 75 Crane gang leaders . 674. Cranemen . 60 Erector leaderS . 60 Erectol'S . 50 Riveting department: Rivet testerS . S0 Stage builders . 57% Rivetel'S . 70 HOlderS-On . 50 Heater boys . 38 Passer boys . 30 Helpers . 46 Ship Carpenter department : Ship carpenters, first class . 70 Ship Carpenters, Second class ^*. . 65 Fastenel'S - . 60 ErectorS . 50 Helpers . 424 WOOCl CalkerS 70 WOOCl realmel'S 55 Ship shed department: Punchel'S . 55 Planel and Scarfer . 55 COuntel'Sinkel'S . 55 Drillers - . 55 Bending rollers . 70 Mangle rollers . 57% Pressmen, first class . 62% PreSSImen, Second Class . 55 Offsetters ... 55 Sawyers . 47% Helpers . 46 Ventilation department: Layers Out . 70 Sheet metal WOrkerS . 70 Helpers . 46 116 SEIIBIBTUILDING LABOR, ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. Rates for employees engaged Om, yard Construction, the CoSt Of which is paid by Emergency Fleet Corporation. Ruling, Mar. Operators, locomotive Cranes $0.82% 26, 1918, p. 107. Blacksmiths . 72% Plumbers ––– . 72% Pipe fitters . 72% Sheet metal workers . 70 Carpenters - . 70 Electricians, first class . 70 Electricians, Second class . 65 Wirelynen . 55 Engineers . 65 Painters . 60 Common laborers . 35 NOTE.-For Exhibits B to F, see printed piece-rate book following. [April 6, 1918.] l *:::: common- PUBLISHING. “BLACK BOOK ?” RATES AS OF FEBRUARY y designated as first, “Black 25, 1918. Book,” pp. 116 to 123. Piece rates for riveting, chipping and callcing, drilling, rea/ming and countersinking, and linermen for Shipyards of Delaware Rive?’ (Lºnd JBaltim), Ore districts. Amended § PIECE RATES FOR RIVETING MERCEIANT SHIPS AND OIL TANIKERS ... 1 OTEIER TEIAN CYLINDIRICAL TAN KERS. Description of work. § inch, per 100. # inch, per 100. $ inch, per 100. Reel from fore peak bulkhead to after tank bulkhead includ- ing garboard seam (includes all rivets through flat plate keel) all sizes, $7 per 100. Keel, fore and aft keel rivets from collision bulkhead forward and peak tank bulkhead aft, all sizes, $10 per 100. Rolling keel above and below tank top and rolling keel, angle to plate, including bead, all sizes, $6 per 100. INSIDE WORK. Vertical keel, top and bottom bars, and clips driven at One time (rider plate off and floors out) 1 inch, $5.50 Vertical keel, slips and bars (rider plate on, and floors in) $1 over above prices for each size of rivet. Reelsons, stringers, and brackets above double bottom------- Shell, between fore peak and aft peak bulkheads, including shell bottom and frames when driven with shell, but ex- clusive of bilge (understood to include water-tight and oil- tight riveting) 1 inch, $4.50; 1% inches, $5.00.-----------...-- Shell-bilge (2 seams and frames, or 1 strake plate) 1 inch, $5.25; 1% inches, $5.75 Shell, shear strake (must be # inch or more thicker than side Sheiljićss than 1 inch thick; Tinch, $5; is inches, $5.50..... Provided that when plate is 1 inch or more in thickness, all sizes, $6 per 100. Gunwäle bar to shell to be included with shear strake. Shell-waist or bulwarks and beading, all sizes, $4.75 per 100. Shell, fore peak, from A plate to water-tight flat and above water-tight flat to shelter deck, 1 inch, $5.50..... tº e e < e < * * * * * Shell, fan tail, 1 inch, $5.50----------------------------------- Shell, above boss to first deck above boss (twin-Screw boat), all sizes, $5.50 per 100. Shell, pump room (oil tankers), $0.75 over straight shell rates for each size of rivet. sº engine room in way of foundations, 1 inch, $5.50; 18-inch, 6 s e = e = e s = < * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Intercostals, tank top off, 1-inch, $4.25. ----------------------- Intercóstals, engine foom, 1-inch, $4.75 fioors and bračkets to center vertical keel slips, $0.50 more than price for “intercostals, tank top off.” Wºº, ight floors, driven in ship, through the floor, 1-inch e s = e = * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * sº º sº as s is e º * * * * * * * * gº gº tº º º ſº tº º $4.50 5. 00 5.00 4.50 $5.00 3.75 DELAWARE RIVER AND BALTIMORE. II 7 Picce rates for riveting, chipping and calling, drilling, reaming and counterSimlcing, and limcrmen for shipyards of Delaware Rive?” (1776, Baltihl,07'e districts—Continued. *-*. PIECE RATES FOR RIVETING MERCHANT SHIPS AND OIL TANKERS e OTHER THAN CYLINDRICAL TANKERS. Description of work. - # inclu, por 100. # inch, per 100. # inch, per 100. tº Frame clips to margin plate, all sizes, $6 per 100. Belt frames driven in Ship, 1-inch, $5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tank top, rider plate, no seams, 1-inch, $5.25. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Tank top, double Seams, 1-inch, $4.50... ---------------------- Tank top, Single Seams, 1-inch, $4.75...... "- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Tank top, engine and boiler room in way of foundation inter- Costals, 1-inch, $5.25---------------------------------------- Water-tight and oil-tight bulkhead on ship, 1-inch, $4.25. . . . . Bounding bars, driven with bulkheads and clips, on calking side of bulkhead: Singlo bounding bars, $0.25 over corresponding bulkhead 4, 00 4.25 3. 50 3. 75 i i : ſ ; price. Double bounding bars, $0.50 over corresponding bulkhead price. Bounding bars, driven alone, and clips to be settled by agree- Iment: - The above refers to double-seam bulkheads only. Single-seam bulkheads are to be $0.25 over the price agreed on for double-Seam bulkheads. Stateroom and partition bulkheads, 3-inch, $3.--------------- Cofferdam from keel to bilge (oil tankers), all sizes, $6.50 per 100 Cofferdam, side shell (oil tankers), all sizes, $8 per 100. Cofferdam, all brackets and intercostals (oil tankors). . . . . . . . . - Deck beam brackets, 24-inch Space . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ---------- Eighteen-inch space, $0.50 in addition to above prices. Deck beam brackets, aft tank and fore tank, forecastle deck, poop deck, miscellaneous, $0.50 in addiiton to above prices. First deck above hold, single seams, $0.25 in addition to “other decks, single seams”, prices. First deck above hold, double seams, $0.25 in addition to “other decks, double seams” prices. Other decks, Single Seams. ...-------------------------------- Other decks, double Seams, 1-inch, $4... --------------------- All decks, single closing-in plates.---------------------------- All slips, staples and bars on deck, when driven with deck; $0.50 in addition to corresponding deck prices. All decks over built-in fresh water and small fuel oil tanks. Gunwale bars through deck, when driven alone, 1-inch, $6.... Hatch Coaming plate, including clips and fittings, if ready. . . . . Hatch covers on ship, if arranged to permit continuous work. Chain locker through shell, all sizes, $6. Chain locker (interior work), all sizes, $7.50. Deck-house, #-inch, $2.50. ------------------------------------ Pºiº collars and stapling, when driven alone, all sizes, $6 per 100. When driven with deck house, $0.50 in addition to “deck- house” prices. Deck-house stringers and tie plates, when driven with decks.. All tie plates when driven alone, all sizes, $5.50 per 100. Deck-house brackets, driven alone, 3-inch, $5 All work in forward and aft peak, all sizes, $8 per 100. Fresh-water tanks in ships, not to include tank-top (interior Work in fresh-water tanks). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .----------------- Skylights, all sizes, $4 per 100. Shaft alley--------------------------------------------------- Trunks and Ventilators (rings)... ---------------------------- Uptakes, all sizes, $4 per 100. Masts, small end (location of small end to be determinèd by agreement).---------------------------------- * * * * * * *-* * * * * * * Masts, large Cnd. ------------------------------------------ - - - Hawse pipes, by agreement. $3.50 4.00 5. 50 4, 25 3.25 4.00 5.50 4.00 4. 50 . 5.50 4.50 4.25 6.00 5. 50 4.50 * * * * * * agº gº 5.00: 4.75- 6. 50. 5. 50. 4.50, Rate per hour. Treater boys--------------------------------------------------------------------- .33 Passer boys---------------------------------------------------------------------- . 30. 118 SEITPBUILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. NOTES. ti Bull machine riveting to be increased over old rates in propor- IOI). All ground work to be $0.25 per hundred less than on ship. Hand riveters to receive 40 per cent above machine prices for Same rivets. Piece rates for work not included in this schedule may be deter- mined by agreement between the foremen and pieceworkers con- Cerned : Provided, That when rates so fixed by agreement are to Continue in Operation for more than one week they shall be re- ported for record to the examiner of the district and shall be . SuperSeded whenever uniform piece rates for Such work shall be fixed by the board. -- . The pay of piecework riveting gangs employed at work not cov- ered by this piece-rate schedule or fixed by agreement, is to be at an hourly rate determined by averaging their hourly earnings While engaged, at piecework during the three next preceding days of their emplyoment: Provided, That when the calculation of the average piecework earnings by this rule is impracticable, the rate for such gangs on allowance work shall be $22.75 per day at eight hours. The division of the riveting gang's pay in accordance with the above rates is to be in the following proportions: To the riveter, 44 per cent; to the holders-on, 33 per cent; and to the heater boy, 23 per cent. y Piece rates for chipping and callcing. * & © Piece Description of work. rates. Cutting all plate Scarphs, on ground, per Square inch.......................... $0.02 Cutting all plate Scarphs, on ship, per Square inch----------------------------- . 03 All angle cuts less than 1% by 1% inches---------------------------------------- .08 All angle cuts 1% by 1% inches-------------------------------------------------- . 10 All angle cuts over 1% by 1% inches up to 3 by 3 inches......................... . 13 All angle cuts 3 by 3inches up to 4 by 4 inches......................... ------- . 18 . All angle cuts 4 by 4 inches up to 5 by 5 inches... ------------------...-------- . 25 All angle cuts 5 by 5 inches and QVer.-----------------------------------------. , .30 All bevel or offset cuts, price and one-half if 45° or over. * Cutting Solid bead bar, per cut------------------------------------------------ . 25 Cutting hollow bead, per cut-------------------------------------------------- . 15 Straight cutting per foot per # inch thick-------------------------------------. .05 Cutting that can not be ripped, per foot # inch thick---------------...-...------- . 07 Cutting plate from heel of bar to calk heel, perfoot per # inch. ------------------ ... 08 Circular and elliptical cutting under 4 inches diameter, per foot per # inch----- . 12 Circular and elliptical cutting 4 inches and up to 8 inches, per foot per # inch...] .. 10 Circular and elliptical cutting 8inches and up to 24 inches, per foot per § inch... . 07 All notches and Small cuts---------------------------------------------------- ... 10 Cutting bulb from bulb bar, straight cutting prices to prevail. Cutting all burned edges, per # inch, Straight... ------------------------------- . 03 14 feet of cutting to be allowed on all laps. ' All overhead cutting, not including cutting necessary for calking Work on shell bottom, to be price and one-half. Cutting aii water stoppers, per foot-------------------------------------------- .01 Cutting out rivets: # inch---------------------"----------------------------------------------- .025 inch--------------------------------------------------------------------- . 0325 # inch--------------------------------------------------------------------- . 0375 3 nCh--------------------------------------------------------------------- . 045 #inch--------------------------------------------------------------------- 05 1inch--------------------------------------------------------------------- 06 1% inches------------------------------------------------------------------ . 07 1% inches------------------------------------------------------------------ . 08 Cutting out conical rivets, each------------------------------------------------ .08 Chipping and calking all tap rivets, per piece---------------------------------- . 07 Chipping and calking rivets--------------------------------------------------- .04 For chipping and caſking open end of angle 4 by 4 inches or less, 1 flange.----- . 07 For chipping and calking closed end of angle 4 by 4 inches or less, 1 flange (defined to mean where next to beam under the deck, against the margin bar). , 10 Fºng and calking open end of angle 5 by 5 inches or 6 by 6 inches, 10 1 flange----------------------------------------------------------------------- © Fºllºping and calking closed end of angle 5 by 5 inches or 6 by 6 inches, 175 1 flange---------------------------------------------------------------------- g Flushing all rivets that do not calk-------------------------------------------- . 02 DELAWARE RIVER AND BALTIMORE. 119 Piece rates for chipping and callcing—Continued. T)escription of work. . Chipping all bars and plates under § inch for Calking, per foot... --------------. $0.0375 Chipping sº bars and plates under §inch between brackets for calking, per foot 04 per # inch------------------------------------------------------------------- & “Between brackets” is understood to refer to “Spaces of 3 feet or less be- - tween brackets or other similar obstructions.” Chipping all bars and plates # inch and over, per foot per # inch. --- 3::-------- 0.125 Chipping all bars or plates § inch and over between brackets for calking, per foot H. # inch--------------------------------------------------------------- . 015 Straight Calking, per foot------------------------------------------------------ . 02 Calking all unplaned bars, per foot. ------------------------------------------- . 025 All ſuller Work, per foot------------------------------------------------------- . 05 Bent tool Calking, per foot----------------------------------------------------‘. . . 03 Butt Calking, # incrl and under, per foot ---------------------------------------- . 04 Butt Calking, over $ inch, per foot --------------------------------------------- . 035 Heel Calking, per foot---------------------- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - . 035 Calking angle butts (price and one-half if packed). . . . . . . . - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - . 11 Calking 1 flange--------------------------------------------------------------- . 055 All calking between brackets, where Space is 3 feet or under, per foot.......... . 03 Calking all rivets between brackets (not chipped) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - . 03 Calking all rivets on Open Work------------------------------------------------ .025 Calking stem and Stern post rivets-------------------------------------------- . 0375 Calking overhead rivets to be $0.01 above regular prices. This to include rivets in both flanges of bounding angles under decks and tank top. Calking all plugs up to $ inch diameter---------------------------------------- .08 Calking all plugs over # inch diameter----------------------------------------- . 15 Calking all parallel liners to be straight prices. Calking tapered liners under # inch at head.----------------------------------- . 15 Calking tapered liners # inch and over at head................................. . 20 Calking tapered liners over 18 inchcs.in length, straight price. Calking all scarphs to be considered as liners in price. If shoulder of scarph must be cut away, 1 foot of cutting to be allowed. & Calking W. T. Staples, deck and bulkhead, heavy ... -------------------------. 1. 15 Calking overhead W. T. staples, heavy, price and one-half. Staples made of # inch angle or heavier to be considered as a heavy angle. Calking W. T. Staples, deck and bulkhead, light------------------------------. . 75 Excess of 30-inch straight work, in addition to regular price. This does not include rivets. Calking overhead, W. T. staples, light, price and one-half. Water-tight calking plate collars around angles, including lugs... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 In excess of 30-inch straight work, in addition to regular price. This does not include rivets. Water-tight calking plate collars around channels, including lugs.------------- 1.00 Calking around Corners, each -------------------------------------------------- . 03 Butt packing, per foot.-------------------------------------------------------- 08 Straight E.; Per foot----------------------------------------------------- 055 Straight heel pačking, per foot------------------------------------------------- . 07 Trimming, per foot per # inch is inch or under- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - . 015 Trimming, per foot per § inch over ºr inch to and including $ inch.... . . . . . . . . . . 03 Trimming over $ inch to be counted as straight cutting. Day rates. Rate per bour. Tank testers----------------------------------------------------------------. $0.70 Hand Chippers and calkers-------------------------------------------------- . 70 Pneumatic Chippers and calkers--------------------------------------------- . 65 Packers--------------------------------------------------------------------- . 50 NOTES. Piece rates for work not included in this schedule may be deter- Imined by agreement between the foremen and pieceworkers con- Cerned : Provided, That when rates so fixed by agreement are to Continue in Operation for more than one week they shall be reported for record to the examiner of the district, and shall be SuperSeded Whenever uniform piece rates for such work shall lie fixed by the board. 120 SHIPBTUILDING LABOR, ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. All work, not included in the foregoing schedule or priced by agreement is to be regarded as Odd Ol' obstructed work. Piece- work clhippers and callvers employed. On Odd or Obstructed WOrk are to be paid at an hourly rate determineſl by averaging their hourly earnings while engaged at piecework during the three next preceding days of their employment. Piece rates for drilling. DRILLING PER 100 HOLES, Peº &# FIOLE UP TO AND INCLUDING l * Diameter of hole or rivet. Up to and including— inch------------------------------------------------------- $1.40 # inch.-------------------------- * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * 1. 70 # inch------------------ * = = * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * 2. 10 # inch------------------------------------------------------- 2. 40 # inch------------------------------------------------------- 2.80 1 inch------------------------------------------------------- 3. 10 1% inches---------------------------------------------------- 3. 80 14 inches.--------------------------------------------------- 4, 60 For each # inch increase in depth add $0.30 per 100. DRILLING AND TAPPING, PER 100 HOLES, ANY DEPTH. Up to and including— inch------------------------------------------------------- S5.50 # inch.------------------------------------------------------ 7. 00 # inch------------------------------------------------------- 9. 80 # inch------------------------------------------------------- 12.5 $ inch------------------------------------------------------- 15.30 1 inch....--------------------------------------------------- 19.5 1% inches.--------------------------------------------------- 23. 70 13 inches.--------------------------------------------------- 27.80 DRILLING, TAPPING, AND STUDI) ING, INCLUDING COUNTERSINK- ind, ºf 100 #öíňs, ANY DEPTH. Lp to and including— # inch------------------------------------------------------- $7.00 # inch------------------------------------------------------- 8, 40 # inch------------------------------------------------------- 11. 10 # inch.------------------------------------------------------ 14.00 $ inch------------------------------------------------------- 16. 70 1 inch------------------------------------------------------- 20. 90 # inches---------------------------------------------------- 25. 00 1% inches---------------------------------------------------- 30.00 CUTTER-BAR WORK, PER HOLE. Depth of hole up to and including $ inch...... ------------------ $0.098 || 13 inch. Por each # inch increase in thickness or diameter, $0.025. ODD WORK, PER 100 HOLES. All holes up to— # inch.... --------------------------------------------------- $5.60 I inch------------------------------------------------------- 7.00 1% inches.--------------------------------------------------- 8, 40 13 inches---------------------------------------------------- 9. 70 * Thirteen holes or taps or less to constitute odd work. All odd taps to be price and one-half. Scattered work, that is, obstructed work or Work that requires Constant shifting by agreement. All overhead work and work on bottom of shell, bilge, and under counter to be paid for at price and One-half. DELAWARE RIVER AND BALTIMORE. 121. Piece rates for drilling—Continued. DRILLING OUT RIVET, PER RIVET ** -*. Diameter of hole or rivet. T}iameter of rivet: 1. i * * inch.------------------------------------------------------ 1% inches...------------------------------------------------- DRILLING, TAPPING, AND STUDI)ING STERN POST, PER HOLE. Diameter of hole: 1 inch------------------------------------------------------- 1% inches.--------------------------------------------------- 1% inches.--------------------------------------------------- $0.35 . 42 . 46 DRILLING STERN STRUTS AND KEEL PLATES, STERN POST ON GROUND OR ON SHIP, PER HOLE. Depth of hole per 1 inch: # inch...---------------------------------------------------- Up to and including— inch------------------------------------------------------- $0.01 # inch------------------------------------------------------- . 014 --ºf -º-º: I inch------------------------------------------------------- . 018 1% inches---------------------------------------------------- , 022 DAY RATE. Rate per hour. Prillers------------------------------------------------------------------------ $0. 60 NOTES. Piece rates for work not included in this schedule may be determined by agreement between the foremen and piece-workers concerned; provided that when rātes so fixed by agreement are to continue in operation for more than one week they shall be reported for record to the examiner of the district and shall be superseded whenever uniform piece rates for such work shall be fixed by the board. Piece-work driller when on odd or obstructed work, not covered by this schedule or priced by agreement, are to be paid at an hourly rate determined by averaging their hourly earnings while engaged at piecework during the three next preceding days of their employment. 122 SEIIPBUILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD Awards. Piece rates for reaming and countersinicing. MERCEIANT SEIELLWORK. * .* Price per 100. Keel block, 1-inch holes, recountersunk, both sides, and reamed............... $3.06 All bottom, 1-inch holes, recountersunk, one side, and reamed.--------....... . 2.00 All shell, 1-inch holes, recountersunk and reamed, full size--------------....... 1.93 All shell, #-inch holes, recountersunk and reamed, full size. ----------.......... 1. 53 All shell, bulkhead bars, g-inch, recountersunk and reamed, one side -- ........ 1, 50 All shell, bulkhead bars, Hinch, recountersunk and reamed, both sides.... ----- 2, 66." All bad holes to be reamed second time, double price for all sizes. All hard jobs by agreement. * MERCEIANT INSIDE WORK. Leck, 3-lnch reamed and recountersunk holes.--------------------------------- $. 612 Deck, 3-inch reamed and recountersunk holes--------------------------------- . 765 Deck, 3-inch reamed and recountersunk holes..... . . . . . . . . . . . . ... -----........ . 92 Deck, #-inch reamed and recountersunk holes--------------------------------- 1. 15 Bulkhead, #-inch reamed and recountersunk holes, on ship - - - - - - - - - - - -....... . 765 Bulkhead, 3-inch reamed and recountersunk holes, Om ship ... ---............. .85 Bulkhead, 3-inch reamed and recountersunk holes, On ship................... 1.15 Bulkhead, #-inch reamed and recountersunk holes, on ship - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1. 50 IFlat machine, reamed and recountersunk holes, all sizes....................... 3.06 Brackets, 3-inch reamed and recountersunk holes -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1.15 Brackets, #-inch reamed and recountersunk holes ----------------------------- 1.50 All lugs, reamed holes------------------------------------------ * - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1.50 Bulkhead, #-inch reamed and recountersunk, On ground.......... ------...... .85 Bulkhead, #-inch Teamed and recountersunk, On ground - - - - - - - - - - -........... 1. 00 Frame Work, 3-inch reamed and recountersunk, On ground.................... . 612 All punched holes not countersunk and to be countersunk.-------------- - - - - - - 1. 53 All bad holes to be reamed second time, double price for all sizes. All hard jobs by agreement. TORPEDO BOAT SHELLWORK. All shell, 3-inch reamed and recountersunk holes ------------------------------ $0.60 All shell, -inch reamed and recountersunk hloes. ----------------------------- .85 All shell, 3-inch reamed and recountersunk holes.................. - - - - - - - - - - - - 1. 15 All shell, #-inch and 3-inch odd holes ------------------------------------------ 1. 53 All shell, 3-inch and #-inch reamed and new holes ----------------------------. 2.00 All shell, bulkhead bars reamed and new holes -------------------------------- 3.06 TORPEDO BOAT INSIDE WORK. Decks, 3-inch reamed and recountersunk holes - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - .....] $0.46 Decks, 3-inch reamed and recountersunk holes--------------------------------- . 612 Bulkhead bars, 3-inch reamed and recountersunk holes, one side--------------- . 1.15 Bulkhead bars, #-inch reamed and recountersunk holes, both sides------------ 1. 53 Ground work, #-inch reamed and recountersunk frames, etc., holes.- ... ------- . 765 Ground work, 3-inch reamed and recountersunk frames, etc., holes.--------.... . 535 Bulkheads, on ground, 3-inch reamed and redcountersunk holes--------------- .46 Bulkheads, on ground, *-inch reamed and recountersunk holes.--------------- . 535 Shell, #-inch reamed and recountersunk holes---------------------------------- 1. 15 Shell, 3-inch and 3-inch new recountersunk holes.------------------------------ 1. 53 Shell, #-inch and 3-inch bottom holes. ----------------------------------------- 1. 53 Shell, bulkhead bar reamed and recountersunk holes ------...----------------- 3.06 Mast holes, #-inch------------------------------------------------------------- . 1.50 Mast holes, 3-inch------------------------------------------------------------- 1.00 Day rate. IRate per 100 Reamers---------------------------------------------------------------------- $0.50 NOTES. Piece rates for work not included in this schedule may be determined by agreement between the foremen and pieceworkers concerned; provided that, when rates so fixed by agreement are to continue in operation for more than one week, they shall be reported for record to the examiner of the district, and shall be superseded whenever uniform piece rates for such work shall be fixed by the board. Piecework reamers and countersinkers, when on odd or obstructed work not covered by this schedule or priced by agreement, are to be paid at an hourly rate determined by averaging their hourly earnings while engaged at piecework during the three next preceding days of their employment. & DELAWARE RIVER AND BALTIMORE, 123 Piece rates for linermen. . Piece Description of work. prices - each Frame liners, tapered, 3% inches wide.......... -------------------------------- $0.15 Frame liners, 10 inches Wide--------------------------------------------------- . 20 Shell liners, tapered----------------------------------------------------------- . 15 Shell liners, bulkhead --------------------------------------------------------- . 25 Bulkhead liners, tapered ------------------------------------------------------ . 10 Bulkhead parallel liners------------------------------------------------------- . 12 Deck liners, tapered----------------------------------------------------------- . 12 Deck liners, parallel----------------------------------------------------------- . 15 Boiler and engine Casing, tapered liners---------------------------------------- . 10 Boiler and engine Casing, liners parallel---------------------------------- 4 * * * * * . 15 Longitudinal liners, tapered.------------------ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - . 12 Longitudinal liners, parallel--------------------------------------------------- . 15 Inner-bottom liners, tapered .------------------------------------------------- . 10 Inner-bottom liners, parallel -------------------------------------------------- . 12 Fairing cut liners on Shell and moulding--------------------------------------- . 30 B00son Staps and backing angles. --------------------------------------------- . 30 Price per 100. - Washer liners on Shell--------------------------------------------------------- $1.21 Day rates. Rates per 100. Linermen -------------- ~~~~ $0.54 Helpers----------------------------------------------------------------------- .42% NotE. Piece rates for work not included in this schedule may be determined by agreement between the foremen and pieceworkers concerned; provided that, when rates so fixed by agreement are to continue in operation for more than one week, they shall be reported for record to the examiner of the district, and shall be superseded whenever uniform piece rates for such work shall be fixed by the board. CHECKERS. March 29, 1918. Board to Examiner. Approving rate of 55 cents an hour for checkers in Delaware River and Baltimore district. - ALLOWANCE WORK–CHIPPERS AND CALKERS. April 8, 1918. Board to Examiner. Ruling that where the calculation of the average piece- work earnings" of chippers and calkers during the next three preceding days as a basis for allowance work is im- practicable, the rate for such work shall be $10.00 per day of eight hours. This is on the basis already adopted for riveting gangs doing allowance work. * 124 SEIIPBTUILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. BENDING. ROLLERS — RIVETING SKYLIGHTS — DESIG-.. NATION OF BULKIHEADS. April 8, 1918. Board to Examiner. The board approves the joint recommendation from you and Mr. Felton, contained in your joint letter of March 27, namely, the change in rates for bending rollers from 62% to 70 cents and the change in the piece rate for riveting skylights to $4 per hundred for all sizes, and changes in the designation of bulkheads involving the addition of the rate of $5 per hundred for all sizes and Small divisional bulkheads in hulls and between decks. RIVETING GANGS.–MAKE-UP RATE. April 8, 1918. Board to Examiner. The board approves a make-up rate for their riveting gangs engaged on repair work or obstructed work, Sub- ject to the same recommendation as the make-up rate of $22.75 fixed for pneumatic riveting gangs of $22.75. GENERAL CHANGES. April 8, 1918. General Letter to All Delaware River and Bal- timore Yards. The Shipbuilding Labor Adjustment Board has made the following changes and additions in the wage scale prescribed for yards in your district since my communi- cation of March 25: 1. The differential between hand and machine riveters and hand and machine calkers is discontinued and the uniform rate of 70 cents an hour prescribed for riveters and calkers. 2. The rate of 724 cents an hour is established for bit- unastic painters. 3. The rate for bending rollers is changed from 62% cents to 70 cents. 4. The rate of 55 cents an hour is established for check- ers defined as men who take charge of and check off the materials in the plate and shape stockyard. 5. The piece rate for riveting skylights is changed to a rate of $4 per hundred for all sizes. 6. In place of the designation in the piece-rate scale for riveters of “nonwatertight divisional bulkheads” is substituted the designation “stateroom and partition bulkheads.” Q 7. Under separate cover we are sending you copies of the piece-rate book, which has finally been received from the printer, together with copies of the notice which we desire to have posted conspicuously where it will attract the attention of workers in your different depart- ments. 8. The rate for drillers (operators of drilling ma- chines) in the ship-shed department is 55 cents, changed to 60 cents, due to clerical error.” DELAWARE RIVER AND BALTIMORE. 125 ASBESTOS WORKERS (PIPE COVERERS). May 16, 1918. General Letter. All yards directed to establish classification asbestos workers (pipe coverers) with rate of 65 cents an hour, to be effective from date letter is received by respective yards. TRANSPORTATION OF EMPLOYEES–MECHANICAL I) EPARTMENT. May 29, 1918. General Letter. The provision of the decision applying to your dis- trict directing shipyards to reimburse their employees for their transportation expenses under certain condi- tions was intended to apply, and does apply, only to employees in the mechanical department whose wage rates are fixed by the decision. It does not apply to employees in the clerical department or other indirect labor, nor to employees engaged on plant construction whose compensation is paid by the shipyard owner and not by the Navy Department or the Emergency Fleet Corporation. REPAIR WORK–10 CENTS ADDITIONAL. June 10, 1918. Board to Hetherton. Providing that the 10 cents additional for men engaged on repair work is an addition to their hourly wage which does not increase when they work overtime. To illus- trate, when they work 10 hours the addition will be $1 onlv. - - &this means that they receive only 10 cents additional for the ninth and tenth hour, respectively.) PLUMBERS AND PIPE FITTERS. June 25, 1918. General Letter to All Shipyards, Eastern Coast. A good deal of confusion seems to have arisen in con- nection with the rate of plumbers and pipe fitters in eastern shipyards. The Shipbuilding Labor Adjustment Board intended that all employees designated as plumbers and pipe fitters at the time its decision was rendered, or since employed as plumbers or pipe fitters, should receive the rate of 72% cents fixed for plumbers and pipe fitters, such rate to be retroactive where a retroactive rate was fixed for the yard affected, and effective from the date º for the decision to become effective in the given yard. Please advise yard owners in your district of this in- tention of the board, and see to it, whenever issues come before you involving the rating of plumbers or pipe fitters, that this intention is carried out. Ruling, July 10, 1918, p. 126. 126 SEIIRB UILDING LABOR, ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. Ruling, Aug. 2, 1918, p. 129. CRAMP's SHIPYARDS–BRASS FOUNDRY AND GAL- WANIZING SEIOP. June 25, 1918. Board to Examiner. The board feels that since the Cramp's brass foundry and galvanizing shop are integral parts of the yard and since most of the work they are doing is for the Navy Department or for the Emergency Fleet Corporation, it can not avoid assuming jurisdiction over wages, hours, and other conditions when issues are brought. We must leave it to your judgment to decide whether it would be advisable to fix a wage scale for occupations in..these de- partments not covered in the shipyard wage scale and must impose on you the burden of making the necessary investigations and Submitting appropriate recommenda- tions to us for action. POWER-HOUSE EMPLOYEES. June 25, 1918. Board to Examiner. Two matters have come up to-day, in connection with which we should like information. The first is as to the custom of the shipyards in that district with reference to the payment of power-house employees engaged on a night shift and on Sundays. Some time ago this question was raised by you, as I recall it, and at that time we ad- vised you to follow the custom of the navy yard, which is to employ power-house men on weekly basis and give them no extra compensation for night or Sunday work. State- ments that have been made to us recently make us uncer- tain whether that is the practice of the shipyards there. PIECEWORKERS–ANGLE SMITHS AND FURNACE MEN. June 25, 1918. Labor Board to Bethlehem Shipbuilding Cor- poration. Authorizing yard to issue the back pay to fitters, angle Smiths, and furnace men employed at piecework at the time the board rendered the Delaware River decision (Feb. 25, 1918) on the basis of an 18 per cent addition to their piecework earnings from November 2 until the readjusted piece rates growing out of the decision became effective. - REPAIR WORK–10 CENTS DIFFERENTIAL RETRO- ACTIVE. July 10, 1918. Letter. Board to Bethlehem Shipbuilding Co. Providing that 10 cents differential on repair work should be paid retroactively. “Attention has just been called to an error in the state- ment sent you under date of June 10, as to the inter- pretation to be placed upon the 10 cents additional al- lowed to men engaged on repair work. This 10 cents should be added to the regular hourly rate and the rate So increased treated like any other hourly rate as regards e-º" DELAWARE RIVER, AND BALTIMORE. overtime. To illustrate, if a man works 10 hours and the normal rate is 70 cents, he is to receive 11 hours’ pay at the rate of 80 cents on repair work. Regretting this mistake, which please correct immediately. “Confirming my statement over the telephone, it is the ruling of the board, that employees are entitled to back pay if employed during the retroactive period whether still employed in the shipyard or not.” FOREMEN, QUARTERMEN, AND LEADINGMEN. July 11, 1918. Circular Letter to All Yards. The Emergency Fleet Corporation has requested, us to assume jurisdiction over the wages of leadingmen, quartermen, and foremen. As you have been advised this compensation should comply with section 421 of General Order 36. The interpretation to be given this order as regards the compensation of leadingmen and quartermen is to be as follows: g To the compensation of the highest paid mechanics under their direction, including compensation for over- time, work on the night shift, or on repair work, is to be added 124 cents per hour for each hour worked, to determine the compensation of leadingmen, and 25 cents per hour for each hour worked to determine that of Quartermen. To make the meaning of this interpretation clear, Suppose the leadingmen be employed regularly for 10 hours a day for 6 days a week, exclusive of. Sun- days in June, as director of mechanics, whose rate is $0.70 an hour, these mechanics would receive $7.70 a day from Monday to Friday and $9.10 on Saturday. The leadingman over them should receive $8.95 per day from Monday to Friday and $10.35 on Saturday. According to the order of the Fleet Corporation, fore- men should receive not less than 10 per cent nor more than 15 per cent more than the highest paid quartermen under them. There appears to be no standardization in the shipyards with reference to the duties of the foremen. Please advise us how many foremen you employ in your yard; how many men, roughly, each has under his super- vision, and what compensation you are paying each fore- Iſla, Il. NOTE.-This action of assuming jurisdiction over fore- men was afterwards rescinded on the ground that the board acted ultra vires in assuming jurisdiction over foremen. - gº NIGHT-SHIFT BONUS. July 13, 1918. Labor Board to Fleet Corporation. Interpreting decision that “men employed on the night shift shall receive compensation 5 per cent higher than is paid to those employed on the day shift" as follows: It was the intention of the board that the total com- pensation of the employee, calculated in accordance with the hourly rate and including extra compensation for 127 Ruling, Aug. 19, 1918, p. 129. 128 SHIPBUILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD Awards. overtime, should be made the basis to which the 5 per cent should be added to determine the compensation of men on the night shift. For illustration, a man employed for 10 hours whose hourly rate was 70 cents would be entitled to 11 hours' pay, or $7.70 as a day-shift worker, and this $7.70 plus 5 per cent, or $8.085, as a night-shift worker. The inter- pretation put upon section 615 by the district auditor in Baltimore would make the compensation in this case $7.70 plus 5 per cent of $7, or $8.05. The difference is very slight, but in the yard of the Baltimore Dry Dock & Shipbuilding Co. the method proposed by the district auditor would involve a cut in wages. PIECE RATES FOR RIVETING. July 15, 1918. General. Letter. - After careful investigation, the board has decided t advance certain rates in the uniform piece-rate Scale for riveters to permit shell gangs to command earnings commensurate with those obtained by gangs working on other portions of the vessel. You are directed to make the following changes in the piece rates for riveting as published in the Piece Rate Book effective on and after July 15:. Piece rales for riveling. Tescription of work. Size. Rate. [P. 1 of book.] Keel from fore peakbulkhead to after tank bulkhead, including | All sizes.....| $8.75 garboard seam (includes all rivets through ſlat plate keel). | Koel, fore and aft keel rivets from collision bulkhead forward ||..... do-----. 12. 50 and peak tank bulkhead aft. Rolling keel above and below tank top and rolling keel, angle |... -- do------ 7. 50 f to plate, including bead. * Shell between fore peak and aft peak bulkheads, including #: * * is sº e º º : º shell bottom and frames when driven with shell, but exclu- i-inch.....I. 5.00 sive of bilge (understood to include water-tight and oil-tight i-inch.....I. 5.00 riveting). g 13-inch------ 6. 00 #-inëh.... --- 6.00 Shell bilge (2 seams and frames, or 1 strake plate)............. 1 inch. ------ 6. 50 13-inch.... -- 7.00 i g * - * §-inch. ------ 6.25 Shell, shear strake (must be š inch or more thicker than side 1-inch 6.25 shell) less than 1 inch thick--------------------------------- iš inch. … 6.75 Provided that when plate is 1 inch or more in thickness, gun- || All sizes..... 7. 50 wale bar to shell to be included with shear strake. Shell waist or bulwarks and beading. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .--do------ 6.00 Shell, fore peak, from A plate to water-tight flat and above ſłł. e e º ºs º º sº ; ; water-tight flat to shelter deck. i-inch.....I. 6.75 3-inch. . . . . . . 5.75 Shell, fan tail------------------------------------------------- $-inch....... 6.25 - 1-inch. ------ 6.75 [On p. 2 of book.) Shell, above boss to first deck above boss (twin screw boat)...| All sizes..... 6.85 Shell, pump room (oil tankers), $0.75 over straight shell rates for each size of rivet. # *- 3-inch. -- - - - - 6.25 Shell, engine room, in Way of foundations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-inch. . . . . . . 6.75 15-inch. . . . . . 7.25 Cofferdam from keel to bilge (oil tankers). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . All sizes... . . 8.15 Coſterdam, side shell (oil tankers)... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . do------- 10.00 [On p. 3 of book.] Chain locker through shell....................................|..... do....... 7.50 DELAWARE RIVER AND BAT_TIMORE. 129 iNCREASE TO PIECEWORKERS - IN DEPARTMENTS OTHER THAN RIVETING, CHIPPING AND CALKING. FITTING, DRILLING AND REAMING. July 24, 1918. Board to Examiner. 1. Bona fide pieceworkers in other departments than riveting, chipping and caulking, fitting, drilling and reaming, and engaged as linermen are to be given 15 per cent in addition to the earnings they received as piece- workers. 2. Premium workers who receive compensation at the hourly rate for the hours they work plus one-half the hours they save from the time allotted for the task on which they are engaged are to receive the difference be- tween their old hourly rate and the new hourly rate fixed in the award for the total number of hours for which they were paid during the retroactive period; that is, for the bonus hours as well as for the hours worked. 3. Employees receiving in addition to their hourly rate a percentage bonus, making their hourly rate really greater by the amount of the percentage, are to receive as back pay the difference between the new hourly rate fixed and their old hourly rate increased by the amount of the percentage. 4. By bona fide pieceworkers is meant men who re- ceive their total compensation in accordance with a pre- determined piece-rate scale. If the underlying basis of compensation is the hourly rate in the sense that they are guaranteed this anyway and receive an addition only if they can make more if paid by the piece than if paid by the hour, their back pay should, we think, be deter- mined by multiplying the difference between their new hourly rate and their old hourly rate by the number of hours they were employed, disregarding the earnings they may have received on days when they were paid by the piece rather than by the hour. - REPAIR WORK–LIMITATION OF. August 2, 1918. Board to Examiner. The board intended paragraph 8 to apply strictly to the repair of vessels and not to ordinary yard repairs. NIGHT-SHIFT BONUS. August 19, 1918. Board to Navy Department. There has been so much difficulty in determining which shift in the shipyards under the jurisdiction of this board would be entitled to the 5 per cent bonus provided in our decision for the night shift owing to different cli- matic conditions in different sections of the country that the board has decided to rule that any shift beginning work at the conclusion of the working period of the nor- mal eight-hour day shift shall be considered a night shift and be entitled to the 5 per cent bonus provided for workers on the night shift. If question arises in refer- S9811—22—9 130 SHIPBUILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. ence to the determination of the hours during which the normal eight-hour day shift is employed it is to be settled by the local representative of the Navy Department or by our local examiner if the yard is engaged in work for the Emergency Fleet Corporation. Under this ruling where three shifts are employed two of them will be permitted to claim the 5 per cent bonus for night-shift work. We think it so desirable to en- courage the organization of additional shifts that we con- sider this stimulus wise expenditure for the Navy De- partment. TRIAL TRIPS. September 9, 1918. Board to Examiner. This board has not taken jurisdiction over the wages paid on trial trips on the ground that this might involve us in a jurisdictional controversy with the Labor Adjust- ment Board of the United States Shipping Board headed by ex-Governor Bass. They have adjusted rates for employees engaged in the operation of ships and informa- tion as to the rates they have fixed can be obtained from Robert P. Bass, 1319 F Street NW., Washington. LOCOMOTIVE-CRANE OPERATORS. September 18, 1918. Board to Examiner. The board approves the extension of the 82}-cent rate provided for locomotive crane operators on construction work to operators of clam shells. Excavators and steam shovels on construction work for which the Navy Depart- ment and Emergency Fleet Corporation is paying, em- phasize the fact that this applies only to construction work. ALLOWANCE—$22.75—RIVETING GANGS. September 19, 1918. Board to Examiner. Replying to your letter of September 16, I have to advise you that the board established the allowance rate of $22.75 primarily for riveting gangs employed on re- pair jobs to which the piece-rate scale would not apply and that the rate was made as high as it is with the definite intention of covering any additional allowance that should be made on repair work. The claim of the men that they should receive an additional 10 cents an hour must therefore be denied. - HOD CARRIERS, MORTAR MIXERS, BRICKLAYERS– SPECIAL RATE–AMERICAN INTERNATIONAL. October 4, 1918. Board to Examiner. Authorizing the following rates at American Inter- national Shipbuilding Corporation: Cents per hour. Hod carriers------------------------------ 50 Mortar mixers----------------------------- 60 Bricklayers------------------------------- 80 (This applies to Hog Island only.) NEWPORT NEWS AND WHCINITY. Davis, M. M. & Son (Inc.) ––––––– Solomons, Md. Newcomb Life Boat CO_________ Hampton, Va. Potomac Shipbuilding CO________ Quantico, Va. York River Shipbuilding Co-____ West Point, Va. REQUISITIONED YARD. Newport News Shipbuilding & * Dry Dock Co - Newport News, Va. NEWPORT NEWS. Decision of March 7, 1918. Hours of work.--(1) Monday to Saturday, inclusive, 8 hours, except (2) Saturday during June, July, and August, 4 hours. Holiday and overtime payment.—(1) Holidays, double time; (2) overtime, time and a half. Night shift work.-Five per cent in addition to daily rate. Repair work.--Double time for overtime and holidays. Rates 10 cents an hour more than minimum hourly rates. Rates in excess of award, existing prior to the decision not to be altered. - Occupations not covered by the board, to be agreed upon by individual shipyards and employees, subject to approval of the board. Where competent journeymen are not available, less skilled men may be employed at a minimum hourly rate of 10 cents less than those for fully qualified journeymen. They are to be advanced to journeymen’s rates after six months’ experience. Award effective March 11. Piece rates to be increased 10 per cent until new piece rates published. - - Decision of May 9, 1918. * Date of award.—March 11, as provided in previous award. e Pieceworkers.--To have rates increased 15 per cent be-, see. “Black fºg March 11, pending publication of piece-rate” P. * 3.W2LTCI. Otherwise provisions as in decision of March 7. 131 132 SEIIPBTJILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. [Mar. 7, 1918.] oº::"; ; DECISION_AS TO WAGES, HOURS, AND OTHER CONDITIONS IN THE SHIPYARDS OF THE NEWPORT NEWS SHIPBUILDING & DRY DOCK CO. First. The wage scale for day workers prescribed in this decision in Exhibit A is to be put into effect on March 11. Pieceworkers are to have piece earnings be- ginning March 11, increased 10 per cent until the new piece rates prescribed in the piece-rate book about to be issued by the Shipbuilding Labor Adjustment Board can Filege,...atº be put into effect. The board directs that the uniform changed May 9 1918, p. 136. ’ rates prescribed in its forthcoming piece-rate book be F. into effect by the Newport News Shipbuilding & ry Dock Co. as soon as practicable after copies of the piece-rate book have been received. Second. As regards hours of employment we pre- scribe the following rules: (1) Eight hours shall constitute a day’s work from Monday to Saturday, inclusive, provided that during the months of June, July, and August the working days on Saturdays shall be four hours. (2) Work in excess of these periods on any week day shall be counted as overtime and paid for at the rate of time and one-half. (3) Work in excess of 60 hours a week for any em- ployee shall not be permitted, except on repair work, or when ordered by the Navy Department or the Emergency Fleet Corporation, or to protect life or property from imminent danger. (4) Work on Sundays and the following holidays shall be paid for at the rate of double time; New Year's Day, Washington's Birthday, Decoration Day or Me- morial Day, Fourth of July, Labor Day, Thanksgiving Day, and Christmas Day. (5) Men employed on the night shift shall receive compensation 5 per cent higher than is paid to those em- ployed on the day shift. (6) Employees engaged on repair work in or upon vessels undergoing repair shall receive double time for all overtime on Week days, as defined above, as well as on Sundays and the specified holidays. Our purpose in limiting overtime by the above 60- hours-a-week regulation is to discourage a resort to ex- cessive overtime, which leads to inefficiency and tends to lessen rather than to increase production, and to en- courage the introduction of the two and three shift sys- tems. The feasibility of working two or three eight- hour shifts in shipbuilding plants has been conclusively demonstrated, and we urge the Newport News Shipbuild- ing & Dry Dock Co. to take immediate steps looking to- ward the introduction of additional shifts in their yards. NEWPORT NEWS AND WICINITY. 133 Third. For all “dirty work” in connection with the repair of vessels performed in or upon the vessel, em- ployees of the different crafts shall receive 10 cents an hour more than the minimum hourly rates prescribed in Schedule A of this decision. Fourth. Rates of wages now being paid to individual employees in excess of the minimum rates fixed are in no wise altered or affected by the establishment of these rates. Fifth. Believing that in this national emergency past differences between employers and employees must be forgotten in the common determination to produce the maximum possible number of ships, the board will not tolerate any discrimination either on the part of em- ployers or employees between union and nonunion men. Sixth. Rates of wages for occupations not covered by this decision shall be tentatively agreed upon between the individual shipyard and employees concerned. Such tentative rates shall be reported to the examiner, who shall satisfy himself as to the fairness of the rates ten- tatively fixed and report a recommendation for their confirmation or modification by this board. The board may on the basis of such report and recommendation determine a uniform minimum rate for each such occu- pation and add it to the rates prescribed in this award. W. EvDRIT MACY, t Chairman. LOUIS A. COOLIDGE. - A. J. BERREs. WASHINGTON, D. C., March 7, 1978. EXHIBIT A. Minimum, it:age Scale for journeymen, specialists, helpers, and laborers in Specified crafts im, the employ of Newport News Shipbuilding & I) ry Dock, Co. Acetylene department: Rate per hour. |Burners, first class $0.65 Bulºnel'S, Second class . 60. Grinders --------------------- . 50 Chippers - . 50 Welders . 65 Allgleslamith department : Anglesmiths— Heavy fires– . S7% Other fireS –– .75% Electric Welders - . 65 Firemen ------------------------ . 45 I31ackSmith department: Hammer and machine forges, heavy- 1. 35 Heaters * * —º . 35 I evermen and Cranemen . 70 Hammer runners, heavy . 55 Blacksmiths, heavy fires .87% I31ackSmiths, Other fires . 72% I)rop forgers . 70 F3Olt makerS . 72% I liner forgers & . 55 TOOls]]]ithS . 72% Rates changed May 9, 1918, p. 137. SHIPBUILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. Boiler shop : ... • Rate per hour. BOiler makerS --- - * * $0.70 Driller's . 60 Holders On . 50 Rivet heaterS . 25 Planer hands . 55 Bolting and liner departments: Bolters --- . 50 Linermen . 54 Cenment department: Cementers. . 50 Chipping and calking department: Tank testers . 70 Hand chippers and calkers . 70 Pneumatic chippers and calkers . 65 Packel'S . 50 Coppersmith department : Coppersmiths . 70 Plumbers . 72% Pipe fitters . 72% Pipe coverers . 65 Pipe-fitting machinemen . 65 Drilling and reaming department: Drillers - . 60 Reamers . 50 Electrical department: Electricians, first class . 70 Electricians, Second class . 65 Wiremen . 55 Joiners . 70 Machinists, first class .72% Machinists, second class . 62% Fitting-up department: , Fitters, first class . 72% Fitters, second class . 65 Regulators, first class . 60 Regulators, second class . 52% Foundry department: Molders . 72% Cupola tenders . 55 Chippers . 50 • Turnace men - . 55 EIull engineering department : Marine erectors. first class . 72% Marine erectors, Second class . 62% Joiners . 70 Joiner department: JOiner's . 70 Machine Operators . 70 Lumber department : Machinemen . 65 Machine shop : gº Machinists, first class - 72% Machinists, Second class . 62% Puffers and polishers 52 Die Sinkers . 75 - Riggers . 62% Material labor department : Engineers, locomotive ––– . 65 Operators, locomotive, Cantilever, gantry, and other Cranes Of Over 3 tons 70 Operators, stiff-legged derricks . 65 Hoisting and portable firemen . 45 LOCOmotive Conductors . 50 Road-crane conductors . 50 NEWPORT NEWS AND WICINITY. 135 MOld 10ft : - e Rate per hour. Gang leaders ---------- $0.85 Loftsmen, first class w .82% Iloftsmen, second class– . 72% Joiners . 70 T'aint department: - Painters and polishers . 60 Pattern shop : Pattern makers . Tº POWer-house department : * * Engineers –––– . 70 Oilers . 45 Water tenders . 45 Rigging department: Marine leaderS –––– . Tº Marine riggers– . 62% Crane leaders . 75 Crane-gang leaders . 67% Cranemen ––. - . 60 Erector leaders . 60 Erectors * : 50 Riveting department : - * |Rivet testers . TO Stage builders . 57% Hand riveters - . 70 Pneumatic riveters— . 65 HOlderS-On . 50 Pſeater boys - . 25 Passer boys . 20 Ship-calpenter department: Ship calpenters, first class__ . 70 Ship Carpenters, Sécond class . 65 Fasteners . 60 Erectors - • . 50 WOOd Calkers . 70 WOOd realmers . 55 Ship-shed department: Punchers sº . 55 T'laners and Scarphers — . . . 55 CounterSinkerS__ . 55 Drillers . 60 Bending rollers .62% TMangle rollers w . 573, T’ressmen, first class - * . 62% T’ressmen, second class º . 55 Offsetters . . 55 Sawyers . 47% Ventilation department: - Layers out —— . 70 Sheet-lmetal Workers . 70 All departments : Helpers, first class . 42% Belpers, second class . 37% Taborers * . 35 Common laborers . 30 If unable to secure an adequate force of fully-qualified journey- Imen at the rates specified in this award, the Newport News Shipbuilding & Dry Dock Co. may employ men who have not yet become fully-qualified journeymen at minimum hourly rates 10 cents less than those fixed for Such journeymen in this scale, provided such men, if retained in employment, shall be advanced to journeymen’s Wages after having been employed for Six months after the date Of this award, Or after the date thereafter When they accept employment at such lower rate. s 136 SEIIIPBTUILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. [May 9, 1918.] DECISION AS TO WAGES, HOURS, AND OTHER CONDITIONS IN THE SHIPYARDS OF THE NEWPORT NEWS SHIPBUILDING & DRY DOCK CO. [Correcting and extending decision Mar. 7, 1918.] See." Blºº; First. The wage scale for day workers prescribed in Book p 1 * §ºf Fºº; this decision in Exhibit A is to be put into effect on March *ś"#12. Piece workers are to have piece earnings beginning mºdment, p. March 11, increased 15 per cent until the new piece rates * prescribed in the piece rate book, about to be issued by the Shipbuilding Labor Adjustment Board can be put into effect. The board directs that the uniform rates pre- Scribed in its forthcoming piece rate book be put into effect by the Newport News Shipbuilding & Dry Dock Co. as Soon as practicable after copies of the piece rates book have been received. Second. As regards hours of employment, we prescribe the following rules: , (1) Eight hours shall constitute a day’s work from Monday to Saturday, inclusive; provided that during the months of June, July, and August the work day on Saturday shall be four hours. (2) Work in excess of these periods on any week day shall be counted as overtime and paid for at the rate of time and one-half. (3) Work in excess of 12 hours a day or 60 hours a week for any employee shall not be permitted, except when ordered by the Navy Department or the Emergency Fleet Corporation, or to protect life or property from imminent danger. w (4) Work on Sundays and the following holidays shall be paid for at the rate of double time: New Year's Day, Washington’s Birthday, Decoration Day or Memorial Day, Fourth of July, Labor Day, Thanksgiving Day, and Christmas Day, and a half holiday on state and national election days. (5) Men employed on the night shift shall receive com- pensation 5 per cent higher than is paid to those em- ployed on the day shift. The night shift is defined as a shift the majority of the hours of which fall within the period from 7 p. m. to 7 a. m. Overtime hours worked by employees on the day shift shall not be con- sidered hours on the night shift. The bonus on the night shift shall be a 5 per cent addition to the hourly wage for all hours worked, overtime as well as straight time. The extra compensation for overtime is in addi- tion to the bonus and is not to be included in the sum used in calculating the bonus due to any employee. (6) Employees engaged on repair work upon or for vessels undergoing repair shall receive double time for NEWPORT NEWS AND WICINITY. 137. all overtime on week days as defined above, as well as on Sundays and the specified holidays. Our purpose in prescribing the maximum daily and weekly working period is to discourage a resort to exces- sive overtime, which leads to inefficiency and tends to re- sult not only in increased costs but in lessened produc- tion. We wish also to encourage the introduction of the two and three shift systems. The feasibility of working two or three eight-hour shifts in shipbuilding plants has been conclusively demonstrated, and we urge the New- port News Shipbuilding & Dry Dock Co. to take immedi- ate steps looking toward the introduction of additional shifts in their yard. gº Third. For all “dirty work” in connection with the repair of vessels performed in or upon the vessels, em- ployees of the different crafts shall receive 10 cents an hour more than the minimum hourly rates prescribed in Schedule A of this decision. Fourth. Rates of wages now being paid to individual employees in excess of the minimum rates fixed are in no wise altered or affected by the establishment of these rates. Fifth. Believing that in this national emergency past differences between employers and employees must be forgotten in the common determination to produce the maximum possible number of ships, the board will not tolerate any discrimination either on the part of em- ployers or employees between union and nonunion men. Sixth. Rates of wages for occupations not covered by this decision shall be tentatively agreed upon between the individual shipyard and employees concerned. Such ten- tative rates shall be reported to the examiners, who shall satisfy himself as to the fairness of the rates tentatively fixed and report a recommendation for their confirmation or modification by this board. The board may on the basis of such report and recommendation determine a uniform minimum rate for each such occupation, and add it to the rates prescribed in this award. V. EvDRIT MACY, Chairman. LOUIs A. CoOLIDGE. A. J. BERREs. WASHINGTON, D. C., March 7, 1918. EXHIBIT A. Minimum wage Scale journeymen, specialists, helpers, and laborers in Specified crafts in the employ of Newport News Shipbuilding. dé Dry Dock, Co. Acetylene department: Rate per hour. Burners, first class $0.65 Burners, second class . 60 Grinders * . 50 Chippers . 50 Welders . 65 Helpers – - . 46 138 SHIPBTJILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BoARD AWARDS. Anglesmith department: Anglesmith— Heavy fires ------ Rate per hour. Helpers Other fires Helpers Electric Welders Firemen Blacksmith department: - Hammer and machine forgers, heavy Heaters Ilevermen or Cranemen Levermen or cranemen helpers Hammer runners, heavy — BlackSmiths— Heavy fires Helpers Other fires Helpers Drop forgers Bolt makers Liner forgers Toolsmiths Boiler shop : BOiler makers Drillers Holders-on Rivet heaters Planer hands Helpers Bolting and liner department: Bolters Linermen Cement department: Cementers Chipping and Čalking department: - - Tank testers Chippers and calkers Packer's Coppersmith department: Coppersmiths PIunnbers Pipe fitters Pipe coverers Pipe fitting machine men Helpers Drilling and reaming department: Drillers Realmers Electrical department : Electricians, first class Electricians, second class Wirelmen Joiners - Machinists, first class Machinists, second class Helpers Fitting-up department: Fitters, first class Fitters, second class Regulators, first class Regulators, second class Helpers $0. 87% 55 . 72% NEWPORT NEWS AND WICINITY. 139 Foundry department: Rate per hour. MIOlders - - - $0.72% Cupola tenders . 55 Chippers . 50 Furnace Innen . 55 Helpers . 46 Hull engineering department: Marine erectors, first class . 72% Marine erectors, second class . 62% JOiners . 70 Helpers — . 46 Joiner department : JOiners . 70 Machine Operators . 70 Tumber department: Machine men . 65 Machine shop : A. Machinists, first class .72% Machinists, second class . 62% Specialists or handy men . 52 Buffers and polishers . 52 Die Sinkers . 75 Riggers . 62% Helpers . 46 Material labor department: Engineers, locomotive 65 Operators, locomotive, cantilever, gantry, and other Cranes Of Over 3 tons . 70 Operators, stiff-legged derricks . 65 Hoisting and portable firemen . 45 LOCOmotive conductors –––– 50 Road-crane conductors . 50 MOld loft : Gang leaders . 85 Loftsmen, first Class . 82} LOftSmen, Second class 72% Joinel's . 70 Paint department: Painters and polishers . 60 Pattern shop : Pattern makers 75 Power-house department: Engineers . 70 Oilers . 45 Water tenders .45 Rigging department: Marine leadel'S . 75 Marine riggers . 62% Crane leaders . 75 Crane gang leaders . 67% Cranemen . 60 Erector leaders . 60 Erectors —-- . 50 Riveting department: Rivet testers . 80 Stage builders . 57% Riveters . 70 FIOlderS-On .* . 50 FHéater boys . 25 Passer boys . 20 Helpers T. 46 Ship carpenter department: Ship carpenters, first class . 70 Ship carpenters, Second class . 65 Fasteners . 60 ErectorS , 50 140 SEIIPBTJILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. N. Ship Carpenter department—Continuo(l. Rate per hour. WOO(l calkers $0.70 Wood realmers . 55 Helpers * .46 Shipshed department: *. Punchers . 55 Planers and scarphers . 55 Countersinkers . 55 Drillers (Operators of drill presses) . 55 Bending rollers r . 62% Mangle rollers . 57% Pressmen, first class . 62%. Pressmen, second Class . 55 Offsetters & . 55 Sawyers . 47% Helpers . 46 Ventilation department: Sheet metal workers . 70 Helpers . 46 All departments: Layers Out shall receive 3 cents an hour more than first-class journeymen in the same department. Pſelpers, first class , 42% Helpers, second class * *ms, . 37% Laborers .35 Common laborers . 30 If unable to secure an adequate force of fully qualified journey- men at the rates specified in this award, the Newport News Ship- building & Dry Dock Co. may employ men who have not yet be- come fully qualified journeymen at minimum hourly rates 10 cents less than those fixed for such journeymen in this scale ; provided such men, if retained in employment, shall be advanced to journeymen’s Wages after having been employed for six months after the date Of this award, Or after the date thereafter when they accept employment at Such lower rate. BALTIMORE–SAWANNAH WOOD YARDS. Decision of March 4, 1918. Rates here specified are minimum rates. Hours of work.--(1) Monday to Saturday, inclusive, eight hours, except (2) Saturdays during June, July, and August, four hours. Holiday and overtime payment.—(1) Holidays, dou- ble time; (2) overtime, time and a half. Might work.-Five per cent in addition to daily rates. Repair work.--Double time for holidays and overtime. Where competent journeymen are not available, yards are authorized to employ less skilled men at minimum hourly rates of 10 cents less than those of qualified journeymen. They are to be advanced to journeymen’s rates after six months. Rates in excess of the award which were paid prior to it not to be altered. Occupations not specified to have rates tentatively agreed upon by the individual shipyards and employees, subject to approval of the board. [Mar. 4, 1918.] DECISION AS TO WAGES, HOURS, AND CONDI- TIONS IN WOODEN SHIPYARDS SOUTH OF BALTIMORE AND NORTH OF SAVANNAH. First. The minimum-wage scale for day workers pre- ...Exhibit A, p. scribed in this decision in Exhibit A is to be put into effect Monday, March 25, 1918. Second. As regards hours of employment, we prescribe the following uniform rules for all of the shipyards of the district covered by this award: (1) Eight hours shall constitute a day’s work from Monday to Saturday, inclusive; provided that during the months of June, July, and August the working day on Saturdays shall be four hours. (2) Work in excess of these periods on any week day shall be counted as overtime and paid for at the rate of time and one-half. (3) Work in excess of 60 hours a week for any em- ployee shall not be permitted, except on repair work, or when ordered by the Navy Department or the Emer- gency Fleet Corporation, or to protect life or property from imminent danger. (4) Work on Sundays and the following holidays shall be paid for at the rate of double time: New Year's Day, Washington's Birthday, Decoration Day or Memorial Day, Fourth of July, Labor Day, Thanksgiving Day, and Christmas Day. 14l 142 SHIPBl]ILI)ING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOAIRD AWARDS. (5) Men employed on the night shift shall receive compensation 5 per cent higher than is paid to those em- ployed on the day shift. (6) Employees engaged on repair work in or upon vessels undergoing repair shall receive double time for all overtime on week days as defined above, as well as on Sundays and the specified holidays. Our purpose in limiting overtime by the above 60- hours-a-week regulation is to discourage a resort to ex- cessive overtime, which leads to inefficiency and tends. to lessen rather than to increase production, and to en- courage the introduction of the two and three-shift sys- tem. The feasibility of working two or three eight-hour shifts in shipbuilding plants has been conclusively dem- onstrated, and We urge the southern shipyards to take immediate steps looking toward the introduction of ad- ditional shifts in their yards. Third. The shipyard owners are directed to cooperate with their employees in making effective the following rules in reference to machinery for the settlement of in- dustrial disputes: (1) The employees in each craft or calling in a shop or yard shall have the right to select three of their num- ber to represent them as members of a shop committee. Each member of this committee shall be chosen by ma- jority vote through Secret ballot in such manner as the employees shall direct. The chairman of each shop com- mittee shall be a member of the joint shop committee. (2) When a grievance arises it shall be taken up by the committee, first with the foreman, second with the su- perintendent. In the event the question has not been adjusted, the committee shall then take the matter up. with the president of the company. If the matter can not be adjusted between the shop committee and the president, the shop committee shall have the right to call into conference with the president a representative chosen by the committee. In case the president fails to adjust the matter satisfactorily, it shall be submitted to the examiner to be appointed by the Shipbuilding Labor Adjustment Board as provided in the memorandum of December 8, 1917, creating this board. (3) Any committee man appointed hereunder who shall be found to have been discharged without just and suffi- cient cause after due investigation in the manner herein provided for the adjustment of grievances shall be rein- stated with full pay for all time lost. Fourth. The question of employing apprentices shall be taken up for adjustment in the manner provided herein for the adjustment of grievances. Fifth. Believing that in this national emergency past differences between employers and employees must be forgotten in the common determination to produce the maximum possible number of ships, the board will not tolerate any discrimination either on the part of em- ployers or employees between union and nonunion men. BALTIMORE AND SAVANINAEI. 143, Sixth. Employees shall be paid at least once a week on the company’s time, and in no case shall more than three days’ pay be held back. Seventh. Any employee laid off, discharged, or quit- ting of his own volition shall, within 24 hours, receive all wages due him. Eighth. No employee shall be required by the employ- ing shipyard to pay any assessment for insurance, medi- cal attendance, or other benefits. Ninth. Competent medical first aid shall be provided for employees requiring such aid and paid for by the employer. - Tenth. Shipyard owners are directed to provide for their employees adequate and Sanitary toilets, Washing facilities, and pure drinking water, properly cooled, during the summer months. Eleventh. The minimum rates of wages to be paid to ...Exhibit A, p. different classes of employees by all of the shipyards* of the district shall be those set forth in the schedule appended hereto (Exhibit A), which is made a substan- tive part of this award, The rates established for skilled occupations in this schedule are minimum rates for fully qualified journey- men. The evidence presented to us at our hearings indi- cates a deficiency of journeymen in some crafts and the need of training men for these occupations. When com- petent journeymen are not available at the rates of wages prescribed in this decision we provide for this need by adding to the wage scale a provision which permits the employment of less skilled men at lower wages than those to be paid full journeymen. We rely on the good faith of the shipyard employers and the vigilance of the ex- aminers to prevent this provision from being abused to the disadvantage of journeymen of the different crafts. Twelfth. Rates of wages now being paid to individual employees in excees of the minimum rates fixed are in no wise altered or affected by the establishment of these rates. - Thirteenth. Rates of wages for occupations not cov- ered by this decision shall be tentatively agreed upon be- tween the individual shipyard and employees concerned. Such tentative rates shall be reported to the examiner, who shall satisfy himself as to the fairness of the rates tentatively fixed and report a recommendation for their confirmation or modification by this board. The board may, on the basis of such report and recommendation, determine a uniform minimum rate for each such occu- pation and add it to the rates prescribed in this award. W. EvKRIT MACY, Chairman. LOUIs A. CoOLIDGE. A. J. BERREs. WASHINGTON, D. C., March 4, 1918. 144 SHIPBUILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. EXHIBIT A. Minimum wage scale for journeymen, Specialists, helpers, and laborers in specified crafts in South Atlantic Coast and Gulf Shipyards. Occupation. Rate per hour. Acetylene burners $0.65 Acetylene welders . 65 Acetylene helpers . 40 BlackSmithS . 65 Blacksmith helper's . 40 BOiler makel'S . 65 Drillers, realmers, and COuntersinkers . 50 Planer hands . 50 Boltel's .45 Bolters’ helpers .37% Cementers . 45 Cementers’ helpers . 37; Tank testers . 65 Hand chippers and calkers . 65 Pneumatic Chippers and CalkerS . 60 Coppel'Smiths . 65 Coppersmiths' helpers . 40 Plumbel'S . 65 Plumbers’ helpers . 40 Pipe fitters . 65 Pipe fitters' helpers . 40 Electricians . 65 Electricians' helpers . 40 FitterS . 65 Fitters’ helpers . 40 Molders . 65 Molders’ helpers . 37% Firemen . 40 Machinists . 65 Machinists’ helpers . 40 Joiners_ . 65 Millmen and Sawyers . 65 Saw filers . 65 Engineers —- . 65 LOſtsmen . 75 Loftsmen’s helpers . 40 Painters and polishers . 55 Pattel'In makers . 65 Pattern makers' helpers , 37% Riggers . 60 Erectors (Steel) -º- , 60 Hand riveter's . 65 Prmeumatic riveters . 60 HOlderS-On . 45 Heater boys . 30 Passer boys . 25 Ship carpenters . 65 FaStenerS . 55 WOOCl Call:ers . 65 Oakum spinners, per bale, $2.25. Punchers . 50 Punchers’ helpers . 37; Layers-Out . 65 Sheet-metal Workers . 65 Sheet-metal workers’ helpers . 37; Laborers . 35 Common laborers . 30 EALTIMORE AND SAVANINAH. 145 Shipyard owners unable to secure an adequate force of fully qualified journeymen at the rates, specified in this award may employ men who have not yet become fully qualified journeymen at minimum hourly rates 10 cents less than those fixed for Such journeymen in this scale; provided that such men, if retained in employment, shall be advanced to journeymen’s wages after hav- ing been employed for six months after the date of this award, or after the date thereafter when they accept employment at such 3OWer rate. 89811–22 1() 146 SOUTH ATLANTIC AND GULF COAST. American Shipbuilding Corpora- tion Brunswick, Ga. OSCar Daniels CO Tampa, Fla. Carolina Shipbuilding Corpora- tion * _-_Cape Fear, near Wilmington, N. C. Fougner American Steel Concrete Shipbuilding Co Jacksonville, Fla. Hillyer-Sperring Dunn Co-------- Jacksonville, Fla. Liberty Shipbuilding Co---------Port Wentworth Terminal, Saw- annah, Ga. Merrill-Stevens Shipbuilding Cor- poration Jacksonville, Fla.; Slidell, La. Merrill-Stevens Shipbuilding Cor- poration Jacksonville, Fla. Morey & Thomas St. Johns River, Jacksonville, Fla. J. M. Murdock Jacksonville, Fla. National Shipbuilding & Dry Dock - CO Savannah, Ga. North Carolina Shipbuilding Co-_Morehead City, N. C. Pensacola Shipbuilding Co------- Pensacola, Fla. Southland Steamship Co--------- Savannah, Ga. Tampa Dock Co Tampa, Fla. Terry Shipbuilding Corporation__Savannah, Ga. U. S. Maritime Corporation_____ Brunswick, Ga. Alabama Dry Dock & Shipbuild- ing Co Pinto Island, Mobile, Ala. Alabama Dry Dock & Shipbuild- - ing CO º Pinto Island, Mobile, Ala. Dantzler Shipbuilding & Dry Dock CO Moss Point, Miss. Dierkes-Blodgett Shipbuilding Co-Pascagoula, Miss. Hodge Ship Co. (Inc.) ––––––––––– Moss Point, Miss. Jahncke Shipbuilding Co. (Inc.) – Madisonville, La. Jahncke Shipbuilding Co Madisonville, La. Johnson Iron Works (Ltd.) ––––– New Orleans, La. Mobile Shipbuilding Co--________ Mobile, Ala. Murnan Shipbuilding Corporation- Pinto Island, Mobile, Ala. Beaumont Shipbuilding & Dry DOCk CO Beaumont, Tex. Heldenfels BroS Near Port Aransas, Tex. LOne Star Shipbuilding Co-______ Beaumont, Tex. McBride & LaW----------------- Naches River, Beaumont, Tex. J. N. McCanninmon Ship Canal, Houston, Tex. Midland Bridge CO_____________ Ship Channel, Houston, Tex. National Shipbuilding CO________ Orange, Tex. Southern Dry Dock & Shipbuild- ing Co Orange, Tex. Union Bridge & Construction Co-Morgan City, La. Universal Shipbuilding Co--_____ Houston Ship Canal. Harris County, Tex. SOUTEI ATLANTIC AND GULF COAST. 147 REQUISITIONED YARDS. Merrill-Stevens Shipbuilding Cor- poration Jacksonville, Fla. Tampa Shipbuilding Co-_________ Tampa, Fla. Decision of March 4, 1918. Date award effective, March 25, 1918. Rates here specified are minimum rates only. Retroactive date— Tampa Shipbuilding & Engineering Co., November, 1917. & Terry Shipbuilding Co., Savannah, Ga., January 11, 1918. * Yards in Brunswick, Ga., January 15, 1918. Yards in Beaumont, Houston, and Orange, Tex., Janu- ary 23, 1918. All other yards in district, February 1, 1918. - These retroactive dates do not apply to transportation charges or night-work bonuses. Free commutation authorized for workers paying more than 10 cents daily. Holidays and overtime.—Overtime (i. e., work in ex- cess of eight hours Monday to Saturday, inclusive, and in excess of four hours on Saturday during June, July, August) time and a half. Night shift.—Five per cent bonus. Repair work.--Double time for overtime and holidays. Journeymen.—Where competent journeymen are not available, less skilled men might be employed at mini- mum hourly rates of 10 cents less than those paid skilled journeymen. They are to be advanced to regular jour- neymen’s wages after having been employed for six months after the date of this award, etc. Occupations not covered in award.—To be tentatively agreed upon between the individual shipyards and em- ployees concerned, subject to modification by the board. Decision to be effective on or before March 25, 1918. Decision of April 6, 1918. IRates effective on or before April 22, 1918. Retroactive dates— t Tºp" Shipbuilding & Engineering Co., November 1, 1917. Terry Shipbuilding Co., Savannah, Ga., January 11, 1918. Yards in Brunswick, Ga., and Mobile, Ala., and vicin- ity, January 15, 1918. Yards in Beaumont, Houston, and Orange, Tex., Janu- ary 23, 1918. Except laborers in Orange yards, who are retroactive to November 27, 1917. Other yards in district, February 1, 1918. Free commutation authorized for workers paying more than 10 cents daily. See p. 148. See p. 152. 148 SEIIRBUILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. IIolidays and overtime.—Holidays, double time; over . time, time and a half. Night work.-Five per cent bonus. [Mar. 4, 1918.] Corrected and DECISION AS TO WAGES, HOURS, AND OTHER ;"; # * CONDITIONS IN SOUTH ATLANTIC COAST AND GULF SHIPYARDS. First. At different times since November, 1917, dis- putes have arisen in different shipyards in the district covered by this award. In accordance with statements made either by this board or by officials of the Emergency Fleet Corporation, on the basis of which these disputes have been temporarily settled, we make the minimum rates of wages fixed in Exhibit A of this decision re- troactive for the employees of the Tampa Shipbuilding & Engineering Co. to November 1, 1917; for those of the Terry Shipbuilding Co. in Savannah, Ga., to January 11, 1918; for those in the shipyards of Brunswick, Ga., to January 15, 1918; for those of the shipyards of Beau- mont, Houston, and Orange, Tex., to January 23, 1918, and for those of all of the other shipyards of the district to February 1, 1918. Second. In fairness to employees who, because of the lack of adequate housing facilities near the plants in which they are employed, are compelled not only to lose time but to suffer a reduction in their earnings to reach their place of employment, we direct that shipyards whose employees are compelled to expend regularly more than 10 cents a day in coming to and going from their work shall provide such employees with free commuta- tion or other tickets. In providing free transportation to its employees coming from a distance each shipyard must adopt such precautions to prevent the privilege from being abused as may be prescribed by the auditors of the Navy Department and the Emergency Fleet Corporation. Evidence has been presented to us showing that some of the shipyards supply certain of their employees to other shipyards, requiring such employees to pay their own transportation charges. When such expense for transportation for employees ordered to work for other yards exceeds 10 cents a day we direct that the employing yard pay the excess above 10 cents in addition to wages conforming to the minimum scale fixed in this award. Third. As regards hours of employment, we prescribe the following uniform rules for all of the shipyards of the district covered by this award: (1) Eight hours shall constitute a day’s work from Monday to Saturday, inclusive; provided that during the months of June, July, and August the working day on Saturdays shall be four hours. SOUTH, ATLANTIC AND GULF COAST. 149 (2) Work in excess of these periods on any week day shall be counted as overtime and paid for at the rate of time and one-half. (3) Work in excess of 60 hours a week for any em- ployee shall not be permitted, except on repair work, or when ordered by the Navy Department or the Emergency Fleet Corporation, or to protect life or property from imminent danger. (4) Work on Sundays and the following holidays shall be paid for at the rate of double time: New Year's Day, Washington's Birthday, Decoration Day or Memorial Day, Fourth of July, Labor Day, Thanksgiving Day, and Christmas Day. (5) Men employed on the night shift shall receive compensation 5 per cent higher than is paid to those employed on the day shift. (6) Employees engaged on repair work in or upon vessels undergoing repair shall receive double time for all overtime on week days as defined above, as well as on Sundays and the specified holidays. Our purpose in limiting overtime by the above 60 hours a week regulation is to discourage a resort to ex- cessive overtime, which leads to inefficiency and tends to lessen rather than to increase production, and to encour- age the introduction of the two and three shift system. The feasibility of working two or eight-hour shifts in shipbuilding plants has been conclusively demonstrated, and we urge the southern shipyards to take immediate steps looking toward the introduction of additional shifts in their yards. Fourth. The shipyard owners are directed to cooperate with their employees in making effective the following rules in reference to machinery for the settlement of industrial disputes: (1) The employees in each craft or calling in a shop or yard shall have the right to select three of their num- ber to represent them as members of a shop committee. Each member of this committee shall be chosen by ma- jority vote through secret ballot in such manner as the employees shall direct. The chairman of each shop com- mittee shall be a member of the joint shop committee. (2) When a grievance arises it shall be taken up by the committee, first with the foreman, second with the Superintendent. In the event the question has not been, adjusted, the committee shall then take the matter up. with the president of the company. If the matter can not be adjusted between the shop committee and the president, the shop committee shall have the right to call into conference with the president a representative chosen by the committee. In case, the president fails to adjust the matter satisfactorily, it shall be submitted to the examiner to be appointed by the Shipbuilding Labor Adjustment Board as provided in the memorandum of December 8, 1917, creating this board. See p. 152. 150 SEIIPBUILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. (3) Any committeeman appointed hereunder who shall be found to have been discharged without just and suffi- cient cause after due investigation in the manner herein provided for the adjustment of grievances shall be rein- stated with full pay for all time lost. - Fifth. The question of employing apprentices shall b taken up for adjustment in the manner provided herein for the adjustment of grievances. Sixth. Believing that in this national emergency past differences between employers and employees must be forgotten in the common determination to produce the maximum possible number of ships the board will not tolerate any discrimination either on the part of em- ployers or employees between union and nonunion men. Seventh. Employees shall be paid at least once a week On the company’s time, and in no case shall more than three days’ pay be held back. Eighth. Any employee laid off, discharged, or quitting of his own volition shall, within 24 hours, receive all Wages due him. Ninth. No employee shall be required by the employ- ing shipyard to pay any assessment for insurance, medi- cal attendance, or other benefits. Tenth. Competent medical first aid shall be provided for employees requiring such aid and paid for by the employer. - Eleventh. Shipyard owners are directed to provide for their employees adequate and Sanitary toilets, wash- ing facilities, and pure drinking water properly cooled during the summer months. - isiº", * * Twelfth. The minimum rates of wages to be paid to different classes of employees by all of the shipyards of the district shall be those set forth in the schedule ap- pended hereto (Exhibit A), which is made a substantive part of this award. * The rates established for skilled occupations in this schedule are minimum rates for fully qualified journey- men. The evidence presented to us at our hearings indi- cates a deficiency of journeymen in some crafts and the need of training men for these occupations. When com- petent journeymen are not available at the rates of wages prescribed in this decision we provide for this need by adding to the wage scale a provision which per- mits the employment of less skilled men at lower wages than those to be paid full journeymen. We rely on the good faith of the shipyard employers and the vigilance of the examiners to prevent this provision from being abused to the disadvantage of journeymen of the different crafts. * Thirteenth. Rates of wages now being paid to indi- vidual employees in excess of the minimum rates fixed are in no wise altered or affected by the establishment of these rates. SOUTEI ATLANTIC AND GULF COAST. 151 Fourteenth. Rates of wages for occupations not covered by this decision shall be tentatively agreed upon between the individual shipyards and employees concerned. Such tentative rates shall be reported to the examiner, who shall satisfy himself as to the fairness of the rates tenta- tively fixed and report a recommendation for their con- firmation or modification by this board. The board may on the basis of such report and recommendation deter- mine a uniform minimum rate for each such occupation, and add to it to the rates prescribed in this award. Fifteenth. The rates and other conditions prescribed in this decision, except as otherwise provided, shall be put into effect on or before Monday, March 25, 1918. V. EvºRIT MACY, Chairman. Louis A. COOLIDGE. A. J. BERREs. WASHINGTON, D.C., March 4, 1918. EXHIBIT A. Minimum wage scale for journeymen, Specialists, helpers, and laborers in specified crafts in South Atlantic Coast and Gulf Shipyards. Occupation. Rate per hour. A Cetylene burners Acetylene welders . 65 Acetylene helpers f — . 40 BlackSmithS . 65 BlackSmith helpers . 40 BOiler makers . 65 Drillers, reamers, and Countersinkers . 50 Planer hands . 50 BOlters f . 45 Bolters’ helpers . 37% Cementers . 45 Cementers’ helperS' . 37% Tank testerS t . 65 Hand Chippers and Calkers . 65 Prleumatic Chippers and Calkers . 60 COpperSmiths . 65 CopperSmiths’ helpers * . 40 Plumbers . 65 Plumbers’ helpers sº . 40 Pipe fitters . 65 Pipe fitters’ helpers . 40 Electricians . 65 Electricians' helpers –––––– 40 FitterS . 65 Fitters’ helpers º # . 40 Molders . 65 Molders’ helpers ––– . 37; Firemen * . 40 Machinists . 65 Machinists’ helpers . 40 Joiners___ g . 65 Millmen and Sawyers . 65 Saw filers . 65 Engineers . 65 LOftSmen . 75 Loftsmen's helpers & * . 40 Painters and polishers . 55 After Apr. 22, 1918. See p. 157. 152 SEIIRBUILDING LABOR, ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. Occupation. Itate per hour- |Pattern Innakers - $0.65 Pattern makers’ helpers . 37% Riggers . 60 Erectors (steel) . 60 Hand liveters . 65 Pneumatic riveters . 60 HOlders-On . 45 Heater boys . 30 Passer boys . 25 Ship carpenters . 65 Fastoners . 55 WOO(l Calker's - —r ––– . 65 Oakum spinners ($2.25 per bale). Punchers . 50 Punchers’ helpers . 37% Layers-Out . 65 Sheet-metal workers . 65 Sheet-metal Workers’ helpers . 37; Laborers . 35 Common laborers , 80 Owing to the conditions established at Beaumont, Houston, and Orange, we fix the hourly rate in the shipyards of those places for laborers at $0.37; and for common laborers at $0.32%. Shipyard Owners unable to secure an adequate force of fully qualified journeymen at the rates specified in this award may em- ploy men who have not yet become fully qualified journeymen at minimum hourly rates 10 cents less than those fixed for such journeymen in this scale : Provided, That such men, if retained in employment, shall be advanced to journeymen’s Wages after hav- ing been employed for six months after the date of this award, or after the date thereafter when they accept employment at such lower rate. (1) To the stated holidays add : Half holidays on State and national election days. (2) The retroactive provision does not apply to the payment by the employer of the transportation expense of employees nor to the 5 per cent bonus for night work; these payments are in- tended to begin with March 25. SAW FILERS. April 5, 1918. Board to Examiner. Rate Of 70 Cents an hour for Saw filers established. [..Apr, 6, 1918.] DECISION AS TO WAGES, HOURS, AND OTHER CONDITIONS IN SOUTH ATLANTIC AND GULF SHIPYARDS. [Correcting and extending decision of Mar. 4, 1918.] First. Since the publication of the board's decision in regard to Wages, hours, and working conditions in South Atlantic and Gulf shipyards on March 4, we have held a conference in Washington with the shipyard owners and employees affected which has revealed the special diffi- culties which must be overcome to attract and hold in these Southern yards the force of skilled mechanics which they require to complete the ships they have under con- struction. S() UTEI ATLANTIC AND GULF COAST. 153. To the South even more than to the North the ship- building industry is a new industry. Not only shipyards and equipment have to be called into being, but skilled mechanics have to be drawn in or trained in numbers far beyond the available local supply. To these obstacles to the successful prosecution of the industry, the long, hot summer offers a further handicap. Testimony not only from employees but also from employers and the district officers of the Shipping Board Emergency Fleet Corporation presented at our second hearing indicated a very general conviction that unless wages and other con- ditions are made as attractive in southern yards as they are farther north, skilled Workers whose earnings permit them to move freely from place to place will migrate. In fact, we are advised officially that such migration from one southern city has already begun. Unless this tendency is checked, the completion in the near future. of the ships in process of construction in the southern yards will be impossible. In the light of these facts we have decided to substi- tute a modified wage scale for that previously announced. By means of it we hope that the shipyard contractors, may be enabled to draw skilled mechanics to their yards from interior towns. Encouraged by it, we hope that these skilled craftsmen and the employees in the southern shipyards will disprove the current assumption that southern labor is less efficient than northern labor, and set an example to the whole country by turning out the ships we so vitally need in record-breaking time. By establishing the same wage scale for skilled me- chanics for the whole Atlantic coast and Gulf we have made it possible in coming months to institute accurate comparisons between all shipyards. The actual cost of each ton of shipping turned out by the different yards will from now on measure the efficiency of the shipyard employers and employees in these yards and enable the Government to decide wisely what yards should be fos- tered through additional shipbuilding orders and what should be suppressed because unable to keep pace with the rest of the country. Southern shipyard owners and shipyard employees are thus given an opportunity by . our decision to show that they can build ships as eco- nomically and efficiently as the shipyards of any other district. We believe that they will seize this opportunity with loyal enthusiasm for the benefit of our common country. o Second. At different times since November, 1917, dis- putes have arisen in the different shipyards in the district covered by this award. In accordance with statements made either by this board or by officials of the Emer- gency Fleet Corporation, on the basis of which these disputes have been temporarily settled, we make the minimum rates of wages fixed in Exhibit A of this de- l54 SEIIPBTUILDING LABOR, ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. cision retroactive for the employees of the Tampa Ship- building & Engineering Co. to November 1, 1917; for those of the Terry Shipbuilding Co. in Savannah, Ga., to J º 11, 1918; for those in the shipyards of Bruns- wick, Ga., and Mobile, Ala., and vicinity to January 15, 1918; for those of the shipyards of Beaumont, Houston, and Orange, Tex., to January 23, 1918, except for la- borers in the shipyards of Orange, for whom the retro- active date is to be November 27, 1917, and for those of all the other shipyards of the district under the jurisdic- tion of the board to February 1, 1918. To determine the back pay due to an employee on the hourly wage system the new hourly wage fixed by the board is to be multiplied by the total number of hours which such employee worked from the retroactive date until the date when the new wage scale was put into effect. From the product thus determined the total wage, including premiums and bonuses of every kind which the employee received for his work, is to be deducted. The balance constitutes the back pay to which he is en- titled. In determining the total number of hours of em- loyment hours counted and paid for at time and one- alf, or double time when the original payment was made, are to be counted as time and one-half or double time in calculating earnings at the new rate of wages, but all other hours are to be calculated as straight time. The back pay to employees in accordance with this provision shall be paid at the earliest date at which the elaborate calculations necessary to their determination can be completed and approved by the auditing depart- ment. Third. In fairness to-employees whose rates of wages are fixed by this award and who because of the lack of adequate housing facilities near the plants in which they are employed, are compelled not only to lose time but to suffer a reduction in their earnings to reach their place of employment, we direct that shipyards provide the em- ployee whose rates of wages are fixed by this award and who are compelled to expend regularly more than 10 cents a day in coming to and going from their work with free commutation or other tickets. In providing free transportation to its employees coming from a distance, each shipyard must adopt such precautions to prevent the privilege from being abused as may be prescribed by the auditors of the Navy Department and the Emergency Fleet Corporation. This provision is subject to change at any time that the board is convinced that suitable and adequate housing facilities are available. Evidence has been presented to us showing that some of the shipyards supply certain of their employees to other shipyards, requiring such employees to pay their own transportation charges. When such expense for transportation of employees ordered to work for other SOUTH ATLANTIC AND GULF COAST. 155 yards exceeds 10 cents a day, we direct that the em- ploying yard pay the excess above 10 cents in addition to wages conforming to the minimum scale fixed in this award. - Fourth. As regards hours of employment, we prescribe the following rules for all of the shipyards of the dis- trict covered by this award: (1) Eight hours shall constitute a day’s work from Monday to Saturday, inclusive; provided, that during the months of June, July, and August the working day on Saturdays shall be four hours. (2) Work on ship construction in excess of these periods on any week day shall be counted as overtime and paid for at the rate of time and one-half. (3) Work in excess of twelve hours a day or sixty hours a week for any employee shall not be permitted except when ordered by the Navy Department or the Emergency Fleet Corporation, or to protect life and property from imminent danger. (4) Work on Sundays and the following holidays shall be paid for at the rate of double time: New Year's Day, Washington's Birthday, Decoration Day, Fourth of July, Labor Day, Thanksgiving Day, and Christmas is: and a half holiday on State and National election ayS. (5) Men employed on the night shift shall receive Juº. compensation 5 per cent higher than is paid to those #iº, A.; employed on the day shift. , 1918, p. E62. (6) Employees engaged on repair work, upon or for vessels undergoing repair shall receive double time for all overtime on week days as defined above, as well as on Sundays and the specified holidays. Our purpose in prescribing the maximum daily and weekly working period is to discourage a resort to ex- cessive overtime which leads to inefficiency and tends to result not only in increased costs but in lessened produc- tion. We wish also to encourage the introduction of the two and three shift system. The feasibility of working two or three eight-hour shifts in shipbuilding plants has been conclusively demonstrated, and we urge the South- ern shipyards to take immediate steps looking toward the introduction of additional shifts in their yards. Fifth. The shipyard owners are directed to cooperate with employees in making effective the following rules in reference to machinery for the settlement of industrial disputes. - - (1) The employees in each craft or calling in a shop or yard shall have the right to select three of their num- ber to represent them as members of a shop committee. Each member of this committee shall be chosen by ma- jority vote through secret ballot in such manner as the employees shall direct. The chairman of each shop com- mittee shall be a member of a joint-shop committee. Interpreted 156 SHIPBUILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD Awards. (2) When a grievance arises it shall be taken up by the craft or laborers’ committee, with the foreman or gen- eral foreman. In the event the grievance has not been adjusted, it shall then be taken up by the joint shop com- mittee, first with the Superintendent, and then, failing a settlement, with the higher officials of the company. If the matter can not be adjusted between the joint shop. committee and these officials, the joint shop committee shall have the right to call into the conference a repre- sentative chosen by the committee. In case Such con- ference fails to result in a satisfactory adjustment, the grievance shall be submitted to the examiner to be ap- pointed by the Shipbuilding Labor Adjustment Board as provided in the memorandum of December 8, 1917, creating this board. (3) Any committeeman appointed hereunder who shall be found to have been discharged without just or suffi- cient cause after due investigation in the matter herein provided for the adjustment of grievances shall be rein- stated with full pay for all the time lost. Sixth. The question of employing apprentices shall be taken up for adjustment in the manner provided herein for the adjustment of grievances. Seventh. Believing that in this national emergency past differences between employers and employees must be forgotten in the common determination to produce the maximum possible number of ships, the board will not tolerate any discrimination either on the part of em- ployers or employees between union and nonunion men. Eighth. Employees shall be paid at least once a week On the company’s time and in no case shall more than five days’ pay be held back. Ninth. Any employee laid off or discharged shall, Within 24 hours, receive all wages due him. Tenth. No employee shall be required by the employ- ing shipyard to pay any assessment for insurance, medi- cal attendance, or other benefits, or to sign as a condition to employment any waiver of his legal rights. Eleventh. Competent medical first aid shall be pro- vided for employees requiring such aid and paid for by the employer. Twelfth. Shipyard owners are directed to provide for their employees adequate and Sanitary toilets, washing facilities, and pure drinking water, properly cooled dur- ing the summer months. ºhibit A. P. Thirteenth. The minimum rates of wages to be paid to Piece, rates. different classes of employees by all of the shipyards of #: º, ... the district shall be those set forth in the schedule ap- pended hereto (Exhibit A), which is made a substantive part of this award. Fourteenth. Rates of wages now being paid to indi- vidual employees in excess of the minimum rates fixed are in no wise altered or affected by the establishment of these rates. - - SOUTEI ATLANTIC AND GTJLF COAST. 157 Fifteenth. Rates of wages for occupations not covered by this decision shall be tentatively agreed upon between the individual shipyards and employees concerned. Such tentative rates shall be reported to the examiner, who shall Satisfy himself as to the fairness of the rates tenta- tively agreed upon and report a recommendation for their confirmation or modification by this board. The board may, on the basis of such report and recommenda- tion, determine a uniform minimum rate for each such occupation and add it to the rates prescribed in this award. Sixteenth. Under rulings of the Navy Department and the United States Shipping Board Emergency Fleet Corporation the jurisdiction of this board is limited to shipyards which have direct contracts, other than lump- sum contracts for submarine chasers, from the Navy Department or the Emergency Fleet Corporation and to employees engaged in Work in construction with such contracts. The provisions of this decision apply only to yards and employees in yards under our jurisdiction as above defined, and not to private contracts or to em- ployees engaged in work in connection with such con- tracts. Seventeenth. The rates and other conditions prescribed in this decision, except as otherwise provided, shall be put into effect on or before Monday, April 22, 1918. V. EvKRIT MACY, Chairman. LOUIS A. COOLIDGE. A. J. BERREs. WASHINGTON, D. C., April 6, 1918. Exhibit A. Minimum wage scale for journeymen, Specialists, helpers, and laborers in Specified Crafts in Steel-Ship yards. Acetylene department : - Rate per hour. Burners, first class - $0.65 Burners, Second Class . 60 IGrindel's . 50 . Chippers - . 50 WelderS . 65 Helpers . 46 Anglesmith department: AnglesmithS— Heavy fires . 873 Heavy-fire helpers --- . 55 Other fires 72% Other fire helpers - . 46 Furnace men on shapes and plates (Ship Work) –––––– .82% Electric Welder_ . 65 Blacksmith Shop : Hammer and machine forgers, heavy- 1. 35 Heater - . 55 Levermen Or Cranemen ––– . 70 Helpers . 50 158 SEIIPBTJILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. BlackSmith shop—Continued. . Rate per hour. - Hanımer runner, heavy $0. 55 BlackSmiths— Heavy fires— .87% Heavy-fire helpers . 55 . Other fires .72% Other fire helpers . 46 Drop forgers . 70 Drop-forger helpers - . 50 -- * BOltmakers - . 72% Boltmaker helpers * . 46 Liner forgers . 55 Liner-forger helpers - . 46 Boiler shop : - BOiler makers . 70 DrillerS . 60 EIOlderS-On . 50 Rivet heatel'S - . 40 * Flange turners . 75 EIelpers . - . 46 Slab-furnace men - . 75 Planer hands . 55 Bolting and liner department: - BOlters . 50 Linermen . 54 Helpers .42% Cement department: Cementers - . 50 Helpers - 42% Chipping and calking department: Tank testers —- . 70 Chippers and calkers - . 70 Packers – * , 50 Coppersmith department: CopperSmithS –– . 72% Plumbers and pipe fitters .72% Helpers . 46 Drilling and reaming department: Drillers ** - . 60 Reamers , 50 Electrical department: Electricians, first class . 70 Electricians, Second class . 65 Wil'elmen - , 55 Joiners— . 70 Machinists, first class ––– .. 72% Helpers . 46 Erecting department: Leading men . 85 Marine erectors, first class . 72% Marine erectors, Second class - . 62% Specialists Or handy men - . 52 Helpers . 46 Fitting-up department: Fitters, first class- . 72% Fitters, Second class - . 65 Regulators, first class . 60 Regulators, second Class . 52% Helpers . 46 Foundry department: MOlders . 72% Cupola tenders ––. . 72% Helpers . 46 Hand and machine chippers , 50 SOUTEI ATLANTIC AND GULE COAST. 159. • * Furnace department : Leaders Rate per hour. Firemen and helpers StrikerS EIull engineering department: Marine erectors, first class Marine erectors, Second class Specialists or handy men Joiners Helpers Joiner department: JoinerS Machine men Helpers Lumber department: - Machine men Helpers Machine shop : Machinists, first class Machinists, second class Specialists Or handly men Metal polishers, buffers, and platers Helpers Material labor department : Engineers, locomotive Operators, locomotive, cantilever, gantry and other Cranes of Over 3 tons Operators, stiff-legged derricks IHoisting and portable firemen LOCOmotive COndilctors Road Crane Conductors Mold loft : Gang leaders Loftsmen, first class Iloftsmen, second class Joiners Helpers Paint department : Painters and polishers Bitumastic painters Helpers Pattern shop : Pattern makerS : Laborers Rigging department : Marine leaders Marine riggerS Crane leaders Crane-gang leaders Cranemen Erector leaders Erectors Riveting department : Rivet testers Stage builders Riveters HolderS On Heater boys Passer boys Helpers Ship carpenter department: Ship carpenters, first class Ship carpenters, second class Helpers * * * $0. G7% 55 . 55 - . 72% . 62% . 52 . 70 .46 I60 SHIPBUILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD Awards. - Ship shed department: Rate per hour. Punchel's -- $0. 55 Planer and scarfer - . 50 Countersinkers . 55 Driller's . (5() Bending rollers . 7() Mangle rollers . 57% Foreman, quar- Pressmen, first class * . (32; ºf I’ressmen, SeCond class . 5;} 19 iš' p. | à. s gºs . 55 Sawyers .A. . 47% Helpers . 46 Ventilation department: Sheet-metal workers . 70 Helpers --- - . . 46 All departments: Layers out shall receive 3 cents an hour more than first-class journeymen in the same department. Laborers . 40 Common laborers ~ . 30 Minimum rates for employees in wooden-ship yards in addition to those Specified for steel-ship yards. Loftsmen, first class $0.82% LOftSidlen, Second Glass . 72% Shil) carpenters, first class . 70 Ship Carpenters, Second class . 65 sh; p. Joiners . 70 sº.” sh i p Millmen - . 70 Calker's . 70 FaStellers . 55 IRCannel's . 55 Offsettel'S . 55 ElectOl'S * * . 55 Carpenters’ helper's * . 46 Laborers . 40 Common laborers . 30 Oakum Spinnel'S----- per bale - 2.25 PIECE RATES. June 12, 1918. Board to Examiners. We have been advised by the director of steel-ship ...si... construction that some of the steel yards in your district Bëº desire to introduce piece rates. Inclosed we send you a ; º; ; copy of the uniform piece-rate scale worked out origi- mally for the steel yards on the Delaware River district. We have directed the North Atlantic yards which wish to introduce the piece-rate system in the departments covered by these scales to pay these rates and only these lº. # rates for the different kinds of work described; we wish '* * * to direct the South Atlantic and Gulf yards to introduce these same rates if they wish to work under the piece-rate system in departments for which we have established these uniform piece rates. - Please advise the steel yards in your district to this effect and impress upon them particularly that they are not to pay higher rates than those authorized, since we know from experience that these rates are liberal in com- parison with the hourly rates and that only trouble re- sults from departures from them in particular. SOUTH ATLANTIC AND GULF COAST. 161 NoTE.—Uniform piece-rate book referred to is “Black Book” piece rates for Delaware River and Baltimore, of February 25, 1918. OVERTIME OR NIGHT BONUS. June 28, 1918. Board to Examiner. Answering your question, the last of the hypothetical ways of calculating overtime and the night bonus which you outline is the one conforming to the intention of the board, I reproduce it herewith for convenience in refer- £IlC6 : - r Night 5 per Name. EIOurs. per four. Amount. b: g Total. John Doe------------------------------- I0 $0.50 | $5.00 || S0.25 $5.25 OVertime. ------------------------------ 1 . 50 • 50 -------- . 50 5.75 FOREMEN, QUARTERMEN, AND LEADING MEN. July 11, 1918. Circular Letter to All Yards. The Emergency Fleet Corporation has requested us to assume jurisdiction over the wages of leading men, quartermen, and foremen. As you have been advised, this compensation should comply with section 421 of General Order 36. The interpretation to be given this order as regards the compensation of leading men and quartermen is to be as follows: To the compensation of the highest paid mechanics under their direction, including compensation for over- time, work on the night shift or on repair work, is to be added 124 cents per hour for each hour worked, to determine the compensation of leading men, and 25 cents per hour for each hour worked to determine that of quartermen. To make the meaning of this interpreta- tion clear, Suppose the leading men be employed regu- larly for 10 hours a day for six days a week, exclusive of Sundays, in June as director of mechanics, whose rate is $0.70 an hour, these mechanics would receive $7.70 a day from Monday to Friday and $9.10 on Saturday; the leading man over them should receive $8.95 per day from Monday to Friday and $10.35 on Saturday. According to the order of the Fleet Corporation, fore- men should receive not less than 10 per cent nor more than 15 per cent more than the highest paid quartermen under them. There appears to be no standardization in the shipyards with reference to the duties of the foremen. Please advise us how many foremen you employ in your yard; how many men, roughly, each has under his super- vision, and what compensation you are paying each fore- Iſla, Il, 89811—22 11 162 SHIPBUILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. NoTE.—This action of assuming jurisdiction over fore- men was afterwards rescinded on the ground that the board acted ultra vires in assuming jurisdiction over foremen. . . . . . PIECE RATES FOR RIVETING. July 15, 1918. General Letter. º: After careful investigation the board has decided to advance certain rates in the uniform piece-rate scale for riveters to permit shell gangs to command earnings com- original “Black mensurate, with those obtained by gangs working on #.” other portions of the vessel. You are directed to make the following changes in the piece rates for riveting as published in the Piece Rate Book, effective on and after July 15: Piece rates for riveting. Description of work. Size. Rate. [p. 1 of book.] Reel from fore peak bulkhead to after tank bulkhead, includ- || All sizes..... $8.75 ing garboard seam (includes all rivets through flat plate keel). Keel, fore and aft keel rivets from collision bulkhead foreward ||... . . do------ 12.50 and peak tank buildhead aft. sº Rolling keel above and below tank top and rolling keel, angle |..... do------ 7.50 to plate, including bead. ' gº º Shell, between fore peak and aft peak bulkheads, including ; mº sº e º º s = : º shell bottom and frames when driven with shell, but exclu- i-inch....... 5.00 sive of bilge (understood to include water-tight and oil-tight i-inch.....I. 5.öö 'riveting). is inch....I. § 06 #-inch------- 6.00 Shell bilge (2 seams and frames, or 1 strake plate).-----------. 1-inch------- 6. 50 13-inch-----. 7. 00 Shell, shear strake (must be # inch or more thicker than side #: * * * * * * * ; ; Shell), less than 1 inch thick-------------------------------- i-inch....I. 6. 7; 8 ~~~~~ - - - - - - Provided that when plate is 1 inch or more in thickness. & Gunwale bar to shell to be included with shear Strake..... - - - All sizes..... 7. 50 Shell waist or bulwarks and beading-...--...------------------|- - - --do------ 6.00 Shell, for peak, from A plate to water-tight flat and above #; * = & © & º gº § ; water-tight flat to shelter deck. . . . . . . .'---------------------- i-inch....... 6.75 #-inch....... 5: 75 Shell, fan tail------------------------------------------------- #-inch. ------ 6.25 1-inch....... 6.75 [On p. 2 of book.] Shell, above boss to first deck above boss (twin-screw boat).| All sizes..... , 6.85 Shell, pump room (oil tankers). $0.75 over straight shell rates for each size of rivet. e #-inch-- - - - - - 6.25 Shell, engine room in way of foundations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-inch------- 6.75 13-inch...... 7. 25. Cofferdam from 'keel to bilge (oil tankers)--........... -- - - - - - - All sizes..... 8.15 Cofferdam, Side shell (oil tankers)-- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -|----. do. . . . . . 10.00 * [On p. 3 of book.] - Chain in locker through shell.---------------------------------|----- do------ 7. 50 NIGHT-SHIFT BONUS. August 19, 1918. Board to Navy Department. There has been so much difficulty in determining which shift in the shipyards under the jurisdiction of this board would be entitled to the 5 per cent bonus provided in our SOUTH ATLANTIC AND GUI, F COAST. 163 decision for the might shift, owing to different climatic conditions in different sections of the country, that the board has decided to rule that any shift beginning work at the conclusion of the working period of the normal eight-hour day shift shall be considered a night shift and be entitled to the 5 per cent bonus provided for workers on the night shift. If question arises in refer- ence to the determination of the hours which the normal eight-hour day shift is employed, it is to be settled by the local representative of the Navy Department or by our local examiner if the yard is engaged in work for the Emergency Fleet Corporation. Under this ruling, where three shifts are employed two of them will be permitted to claim the 5 per cent bonus for night-shift work. We think it so desirable to encourage the organization of additional shifts that we consider this stimulus wise expenditure for the Navy Department. TRIAL TRIPS. September 9, 1918. Board to Examiner. This board has not taken jurisdiction Över the wages paid on trial trips on the ground that this might involve us in a jurisdictional controversy with the Labor Ad- justment Board of the United States Shipping Board headed by Ex-Gov. Bass. They have adjusted rates for employees engaged in the operation of ships, and infor- mation as to the rates they have fixed can be obtained from Robert P. Bass, 1319 F Street NW., Washington. 164 PACIFIC COAST. SEATTLE AND TACOMA. Allen Shipbuilding CO----------- Seattle, Wash. Babare BrOS TaCOma, Wash. J. F. Duthie & CO Seattle, Wash. Erickson Engineering Co. (Inc.) – DO. Grant-Smith-Porter Ship Co --__ Aberdeen, Wash. Grays Harbor Merchant Shipping Corporation Grays Harbor, Wash. Meecham & Babcock Shipbuild- ing CO Seattle, Wash. Nilson & Kelez Shipbuilding Cor- poration DO. Pacific American Fisheries –––––– Bellingham, Wash. Puget Sound Bridge & Dock Co - Seattle, Wash. Sanderson & Porter------------- Willapa Harbor, Wash. Seaborn Shipyards CO----------- Tacoma, Wash. Seattle Construction & Dry Dock g CO -*- Seattle, Wash. Skinner & Eddy Corporation_____ DO. Sloan Shipyards Corporation –––– Olympia and AmàCOrtes, Wash. Tacoma Shipbuilding Corporation-Tacoma, Wash. Wright Shipyards –––––––––––––– DO. REQUISITIONED YARDS. Ames Shipbuilding & Dry Dock CO Seattle, Wash. J. F. Duthie & CO DO Skinner & Eddy Corporation_____ DO. Seattle Construction & Dry Dock_ CO DO. COLUMBIA RIVER, Albina Engine & Machine Works (Inc.) Portland, Oreg. CQast Shipbuilding Co---------- DO. Columbia River Shipbuilding Corporation DO. Coos Bay Shipbuilding CO------- Mai'shfield, Oreg. Feeny & Bremer CO------------- Tillamook, Oreg. Grant-Smith-Porter Ship CO_____ St. Johns, Oreg. Kruse & Banks Shipbuilding Co-- North Bend, Oreg. McEachern Ship Co------------- Astoria, Oreg. Northwest Steel Co------------- Portland, Oreg. Peninsula Shipbuilding CO------- DO. Geo. F. Rodgers & CO-----------4Astoria, Oreg. St. Helens Shipbuilding CO------ St. Helens, Oreg. Sommarstrom Shipbuilding Co. (Inc.) — Columbia City, Oreg. G. M. Standiſer Construction COr- poration Portland, Oreg. G. M. Standifer Construction COT- poration Vancouver, Walsh. Supple & Ballin Portland, Oreg. Wilson Shipbuilding Co---------- Astoria, Oreg. PACIFIC COAST. 165 REQUISITIONED YARDS. Albina Engine & Machine Works_. Portland, Oreg. Columbia River Shipbuilding Cor- pOration DO. Willamette Iron & Steel Works & Northwest Steel Co--------- DO. SAN FRANCISCO. Benicia Shipbuilding Corporation_Benicia, Calif. Bethlehem Shipbuilding Corpora- tion San Francisco, Calif. Hammond Lumber CO----------- Eureka, Humboldt Bay, Calif. Hanlon Dry Dock & Shipbuilding CO Oakland, Calif. Moore Shipbuilding Co-_________ DO. Pacific Coast Shipbuilding Co-___Suisun Bay, San Francisco, Calif. Rolph Shipbuilding Co---------- Rolph, Humboldt Bay, Calif. Union Construction CO__________ Oakland, Calif. Western Pipe & Steel Co. of Cali- fornia. South San Francisco, Calif. REQUISITIONED YARDS. Hanlon Dry Dock & Shipbuilding CO Oakland, Calif. Moore & Scott Iron Works______ DO. . Union Iron Works San Francisco, Calif. LOS ANGELES. Chandler, Ralph J–––––––––––––– Wilmington, Los Angeles, Calif. Fulton Shipbuilding Co---------- Head Mormon Channel, Wil— mington, Calif. Long Beach Shipbuilding CO_____ Long Beach, Calif. I/Os Angeles Shipbuilding & Dry DOCk CO Los Angeles Harbor, Calif. Western Pipe & Steel Co. of Cali- folºnia San Pedro, Calif. REQUISITIONED YARDS. Craig Shipbuilding Co----------- Long Beach, Calif. PACIFIC COAST. Decision of November 4, 1917. Minimum rates only were here specified. Wages paid in excess of the minimum rates at the time these were specified were in no wise altered or affected by the establishment of these rates. Retroactive dates.— San Francisco Bay district, September 22, 1917. Columbia River district, September 5, 1917. Puget Sound district, August 1, 1917. Payment of retroactive pay for the interval covered by the retroactive provision to be paid within two weeks after decision is to take effect (i. e., two weeks after Nov. 12. 1917). 1 SEIIPBU II, DING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. 66 Ile Ma de perma- nt ºr. 8, 1918, p. 17 Aours of work, holidays, overtime, etc.—Columbia River district: Holidays and Saturday afternoons in June, July, and August, double time. Work in excess of eight hours to be “fixed by mutual agreement; or, failing agreement, by the examiner for the Columbia River district.” Puget Sound district: Working conditions to be deter- mined “by collective agreement of the employers and employees, subject to the approval of the board.” Application.—To all yards of the San Francisco, Co- lumbia River, and Puget Sound districts which were in- yolved in disputes with their employees during Septem- ber and October, 1917. Decision to become effective November 12, 1917. Ten per cent increase authorized by the Emergency Fleet Corporation on December 10, 1917, effective on and after December 15, “for all men who work for 6 con- secutive days in any week and total of not less than 48 hours. [Nov. 4, 1917.] SAN FRANCISCO BAY AND COLUMBIA RIVER AND PUGET SOUND DISTRICTS. I. Origin and purpose of board.—The Shipbuilding Labor Adjustment Board is a war board. Its supreme object is to hasten the carrying out of the shipbuilding program of the Government. Employers and employees in the shipbuilding industry are enlisted in their coun- try’s service just as truly as the soldiers at the front. With all possible earnestness we wish to impress upon them their obligation to merge their individual interest in the common purpose of supplying the ships which the country requires. With their help we shall win the war. Without their loyal cooperation our democractic institu- tions will go down to merited defeat. II. Obligation of employers and employees to co- operate.—The owners of the shipyards are, during the duration of the war, merely the agents of the Govern- ment. Practically the whole shipbuilding industry of the country is being carried on for the benefit of the Government. Employers and employees in the shipyards must realize that the war has changed their relation to each other. They are now working together for the preservation of their common country. The Government is insistent that the ships it requires must be built and built promptly. It is equally insistent that standards of living must be preserved. Employees may thus join with hearty accord in the efforts of em- ployers to carry out the shipbuilding program and rely on the good faith of the Government and of this board to see to it that any grievance that they may have is promptly considered and fairly adjusted. PACIFIC COAST. 167 III. Rapid ea pansion of shipbuilding industry called for.—The national program requires an increase in the output of ships from the 750,000 tons turned out in 1916 to 6,000,000 tons in 1918. This necessitates the introduc- tion wherever possible of the two and even three shift systems. Immediate steps to bring about this change must be taken by shipyard owners. It will involve not only the enlargement of the labor force but provision of adequate lighting facilities and safety devices to protect employees from the special hazards connected with night work. - At a rough estimate the shipyards of the Pacific coast already employ 50,000 men. To meet the pressing needs of the Government at least 75,000 more men must be em- ployed. This will mean a demand for at least 30,000 skilled mechanics in addition to those already employed— a demand that can only be satisfied by drawing mechanics to the shipyards from less essential industries and by training men who have not yet the required skill. Realization of these conditions is causing the Govern- ment to concern itself seriously with the problem of re- distributing and increasing the available supply of skilled workers. In San Francisco and Seattle and to a less extent in Portland, employers look to the trade-unions to supply additional workers in the different crafts as they are required. The evidence presented to us indi- cates that some of the unions are already unable to meet demands on them. In view of the certainty of a greatly increased demand the board urges upon the Department of Labor the extension of the Federal employment Serv- ice in California, Oregon, and Washington to serve as a Supplement to the trade-unions when they are unable themselves to supply skilled craftsmen. The board also urges that representatives of organized labor and the employers concerned work out in cooperation with agents of the Government plans for the more rapid training of skilled workers in the different crafts. º IV. Discrimination against unfair material.--What- ever reasons may be urged in defense of discrimination against so-called “unfair' material in time of peace to permit such discrimination to interfere with the defense of the Nation in time of war would be intolerable. We trust to the good Sense and patriotism of the employees to refrain from such practices when opposed to the in- terests of the Government. V. Factors considered in determining wages.—In ar- riving at a fair wage Scale we have had two ends in view—equalizing wage rates in the three shipbuilding centers, and adjusting wages to the higher cost of living resulting from the war. w The enticing of workers from one plant to another and from one city to another has had a demoralizing effect on the production of ships. The establishment of a uni- 168 SEIIPBTUILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. Exhibit A, p. 170. form wage scale for the San Francisco River and Puget Sound districts will have a steadying influence. There- fore, since the cost of living in these districts is substan- tially the same, we have decided upon a uniform Scale for all of them. f In order to preserve the standards of living in existence before the war we took as a basis the rates on which em- ployers and employees had united as shown by the agree- ments in effect June 1, 1916. To determine the increase in the cost of living from that time until October 1 we made use not only of the evidence presented at our hearings in the three cities but also of all other available material and investigations, including Federal, State, and municipal reports. The wages fixed represent the cur- rent in the three cities, increased to conform to the ascer- tained increase in the cost of living. We believe that public opinion approved the intention of the Government to protect, so far as may be possible, American standard of living. . . On the other hand we do not believe that advantage should be taken of the na- tional emergency to increase wages beyond a point cor- responding to the increased cost of living. Attracting workers to the shipbuilding industries of the Pacific coast by establishing higher wages than are justified by the expense of living would, we believe, instead of im- proving the national labor situation cause even greater disorganization than already exists. As a national board we feel bound to view our task nationally and arrive at decisions that will tend to increase the production of ships and other essential commodities, not merely in one locality, but in the whole country. Cooperation of employers and employees will be counted upon to adjust in proportion to the scale hereby fixed all differences, if any, which now exist or which may hereafter arise with respect to wages of employees not specifically named in the attached schedule. In any event it must be borne in mind that any such differences not covered by this report and decision are subject to prompt adjustment through the medium of the examiner of each district. VI. Decision of board as to issues in dispute.—Our de- cision in regard to the issues presented to us is as follows: First. The minimum rates of wages to be paid the different classes of employees in the shipyards covered by this decision shall be as set forth in the schedule appended hereto (Exhibit A), which is made a substantive part of this award. * Second. These rates are to be retroactive for employees in the shipyards of San Francisco Bay, district from September 22, for those in the shipyards of the Columbia River district from September 5, and for those in the yards of the Puget Sound district, from August 1. Third. The shipyard owners shall pay to employees who were employed by them during the interval from the PACIFIC COAST. 169: dates specified above for the respective districts and the dates when the new rates fixed by this award are put into effect back pay for all the time they worked in such interval equal to the difference between their wages cal- culated at the new rates and the wages they actually received, such back pay to be paid within two weeks after this decision is to take effect. Fourth. Rates of wages now being paid in excess of the minimum rates fixed are in no wise altered or affected by the establishment of these rates. - Fifth. The working conditions in the shipyards of the Exhibit B, p. San Francisco Bay district shall be those agreed to by 17*. the representatives of employers and employees in Said district as appended hereto (Exhibit B), which agree- ment is made a substantive part of this award. Sixth. The working conditions in the shipyards of the ...Exhibit C, p. Columbia River district shall be those heretofore estab- * lished by the parties according to the terms of Exhibit C hereto appended, which is made a substantive part hereof and all existing craft conditions not changed by same Exhibit C shall remain unchanged unless modified by agreement of the parties approved by this board; pro- vided that double time shall be paid for work on holidays and on Saturday afternoons in June, July, and August and that rate of payment for work in excess of eight- Ruling, Dec. hour day shall be fixed by mutual agreement or failing *, *, P. ** agreement by the examiner for the Columbia River district. - Seventh. The working conditions in the shipyards of the Puget Sound district shall be determined by collec-A.º.º. tive agreement of the employers and employees in the ####"" shipyards of said district subject to the approval of the board. Eighth. This decision shall appy to all shipyards of the San Francisco Bay, Columbia River, and Puget Sound districts which were involved in disputes with their employees during September or October, 1917. Ninth. In accordance with the understanding reached by all parties throughout the coast district, no change shall be made in any existing craft conditions nor shall any new craft conditions be established until the same shall have been agreed upon between employer and em- ployee, subject to the approval of this board. Tenth. This decision shall be put into effect on or be- fore Monday, November 12, 1917. VII. Spirit of good will by both sides.—In conclusion we wish to record our appreciation of the cooperation spirit displayed by other employers and employees as shown by the action of the employees in all three cities in returning to work while awaiting our decision. We wish to express our special indebtedness for valuable as- sistance and advice to Mr. Gavin McNab, of San Fran- cisco; to Mr. James A. Franklin, president Interna- 17() SHIPBUILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. tional Brotherhood of Boiler Makers, Iron Shipbuilders, and Helpers of America; to Mr. James Wilson, president Pattern Makers League of North America; to Mr. Wil- liam H. Johnston, president International Association of Machinists; Mr. Milton Snellings, president Interna- tional Union of Steam and Operating Engineers; and Mr. James W. Ryan, organizer, Amalgamated Sheet Metal Workers, International Alliance. The memorandum to which this board owes its exist- ence provides for the selection of an examiner in each district to act for the board in the settlement of disputes which can not be settled by the employees and employers immediately concerned, or by the district officer of the Emergency Fleet Corporation. Appeal from the deci- sion of the examiner may be taken by either side to the board. Supplementary T’attern makers rates by E. F. C. BlackSmiths Dec. 10, 1917, p. 173. Also Dec. 14, 1917, p. 173. We hereby appoint, as examiner, of the Puget Sound district, ex-Gov. Henry McBride, of Seattle, and, as ex- aminer of the Columbia River district, Mr. Richard W. Montague, of Portland. - V. EveRIT MACY, Chairman. IOUIs A. COOLIDGE. A. J. BERREs. Approved except as to wage Scale. SAN FRANCISCO, CALIF., f November 4, 1917. *. ExHIBIT A. Minimum wage Scale of day rates for journeymen, Specialists, helpers, and laborers im, specified crafts established by board in decision of Nov. 4, 1917. $ O O MaChillists Machinists, specialists Machinists' helpers MolderS i ; Blacksmiths' helpers smº mº Angle Smiths Heaters * - — — — - - - - - - -— — — — — — Pipe fitters___ - - Pipe fitters’ lielpers 60 Coppersmiths------------------------------------------- Supplementary rates Dec. 22, 1917, p. 174. Coppersmiths' helpers -- -- * -º 90 Firemen --------------- (30 Sheet-nnetal WOlºkerS Sheet-metal workers’ helpers Paintel's *. Painters, bitumastic------------------------------------- Flange turners - Angle and frame SetterS__ - - - - Pressmen----------------------------------------------- BOiler makers - - Ship fitters –––––––––––––– «s Riveters, chippers, and calkers - Acetylene wellers Plate hangers– * *-* * * * * * * * * *** - *-* * * * *-* * * sm sm º ºsmº - amº sºme mºs. --- * = <= ** - 5, 00 IPACIFIC COAST. 171 l”unch and shear men— - - - $4.50 JPlaner men 4. 20 CounterSinkers 4. 20 IDrillers and realmers- 4. 20 HolderS-On 4. 20 . . . Slab helpers – 3. 90 ºntº, Plate hangers’ helpers HOOk tenders sºm s- Flange-fire helperS___: - - - - 3. #;" pp. 173– 174. 90 Macline helpers, flange_--__ Supplementary Boiler makers' helpers 3. 90 º º 9, Ship fitters’ helpers 3. 60 3. E1 = -º- ºr * * Rivet heaters 3.15 Electrical Workers — 5. 25 ..iº, }}lectrical workers' helpers 3. 60 1918, p. 184. Molders' helpers 3. 60 Foundry carpenters 4. 50 $ºplºt. Full'nace men ---- 4.50 fºr.”º.” ‘Casting cleaners 3. 90 Laborers 3. 25 Supplementary rates May 25, 9 WOODIGN-SEITP Y ARI)S. 1918, p. 187. Shipwrights, joiners, boat builders, and millmen___________ 6. OO -Calkers - 6. 50 Taborers and helpers –––– 3.25 EXHIBIT B. AGREEMENT AS TO WORKING CONDITIONS IN SAN - FRANCISCO. DISTRICT. First. That each party to this agreement agrees and consents to the following rules and regulations which shall govern the Thutual relations of the parties herein mentioned. Second. Eight hours shall constitute a day’s work and be Worked between the hours of 8 a. m. and 5 p. m. ; provided, how- £Ver, that this shall not interfere with the introduction of shifts, . also that certain objections applying to the starting and quitting time in Some Of the trades be removed by the Iron Trades Council. Saturday half holiday for the months of June, July, and August Will be in effect 1918. Third. All time worked over the regular eight-hour day shall ſº |be paid for at the rate of time and one-half for the first three Ruling, May hours, after which double time shall be paid, excepting that after 24, 1918, p. 187. February 1 double time shall be paid for all overtime. Double time shall be paid for Sundays and the following holidays: New Year's Day, Washington's Birthday, Memorial Day, July Fourth, . . . Labor Day, Admission Day, Thanksgiving Day, Christmas Day, and On eleçtion days for governor and President only. An ad- Ruling May ditional 5 per cent shall be added to the daily rate of all men 18, 1918, p. 187. WOrking night shifts. * Fourth. Under no circumstances shall any work be performed On Labor Day except to preserve life or property. Fifth. Such grievances as do not relate to the subject of hours Ol' Wages covered by this agreement, which may arise in any Shop, shall be given consideration as follows: Upon complaint being made by either party to this agreement in writing, the duly au- thorized representative of the firm and business representative Of the union, or the representative of the Iron Trades Council, who may be elected to represent the union, shall immediately proceed to the shop or shops where such grievances exists and endeavor to mutually Settle the same. Sixth. Any grievance that can not be settled in this manner must be referred to Conference, the Call and Subject for Such Conference to be made in Writing. This Conference shall be 172 SHIPBUILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. called within six days from receipt of notice for the purpose of adjusting the question at issue, and the Conference Shall Con- tinue day after day until the question at issue is Settled unless. mutually postponed. t Memºrandum. Sixth (a). Any disputes which can not be settled by means See p. 7. provided herein shall be referred to the examiner appointed by the Labor Adjustment Board as provided in the memorandum of August 20, 1917, and which is attached hereto and made a part of this agreement. Seventh. No change shall be made in existing conditions nor any new conditions established by any party to this agreement until the same has been agreed upon in conference. And these conditions shall always be construed so as to promote to the fullest extent the policy of the Government during the period of national need. Eighth. Employees shall be paid on some regular and definite day of each week, and in no case shall more than a week's pay be held back. Ninth. During the life of this agreement there shall be no strike on the part of the employees nor lockout on the part of the employers. º Tenth. Any employee laid off, discharged, or quitting Of his Own volition shall receive all Wages due him Within Y4 hours of the termination of his employment, excepting Sundays and holi- ClayS. - Eleventh. Business representatives of the different crafts shall be given access to the shops or yards at the discretion of the Imanagement. - Twelfth. This agreement Shall be in full force and effect for a period of 12 months from date of signing thereof. Ten months after the signing of this agreement a conference shall be held for the purpose of the consideration of a continuation of the agreement or formation of a new one. This conference committee Shall COnSiSt Of not more than three members from the California Metal Trades Association and the California Foundrymen’s Asso- ciation jointly, and not more than three members from the Iron Trades Council, and the COnference Shall be held in continuous Session, and Shall proceed until an agreement Or deadlock is reached. Nothing in this paragraph shall be construed as super- Seding in any manner the provisions Of the memorandum of August 20, 1917, referred to in paragraph 6a. EXHIBIT C. AGREEMENT AS TO WORKING CONDITIONS IN THE COLUMBIA RIVER DISTRICT. IFirst. Eight hours shall Constitute a day’s work. *i; May Second. All time worked over the regular eight-hour day shall ** P. * be paid for at rate or rates to be established by the Shipbuilding Labor Adjustment Board, including holidays—New Year's Day, Washington’s Birthday, Decoration Day, July Fourth, Labor Day, Thanksgiving Day, Christmas, and general election days. Third. The employees in each craft or Calling in a shop or yard shall have the right to select three Of their number to represent them as members of a shop Committee. Each member of this colm- mittee shall be chosen by majority vote through Secret ballot in Such manner as the employees shall direct. The Chairman of each craft Committee shall be a member of the joint 'shop Committee. Fourth. When a grievance arises it shall be taken up by the Committee, first with the foreman, second With the Superin- tendent. In the event the question has not been adjusted the Committee shall then take the matter up With the president of the Company. If the matter can not be adjusted between the shop Committee and the president, the shop committee shall have the right to call into conference with the president a representative chosen by the Cornmittee. In case the president fails to adjust PACIFIC COAST. 173 the matter satisfactorily, it shall be submitted to the examiner to ſhe appointed by the Shipbuilding Labor Adjustment Board, as provided in memorandum of August 20, 1917, which is attached hereto and made a part hereof. Fifth. Employees shall be paid every Saturday at time Of quitting work and in no case shall more than three days’ pay be held back. This practice to be put in effect as soon as practicable. Sixth. Any employee being laid off, discharged, or quitting Of his own volition shall within 24 hours receive all wages due him. Seventh. A trained nurse shall be in attendance to render first aid at all times whenever men are WOrking. Eighth. So far as practicable and when men are available, all labor in connection with construction work and repairs Shall be done by employees in the trade or calling generally recognized as having jurisdiction therein. Ninth. All questions relating to basic wage scale and OVertime shall be left to the determination of the Shipbuilding Labor Ad- justment Board, such determination of wages to be retroactive as Said board Shall direct. Tenth. Any committeeman appointed hereunder who shall be found to have been discharged without just and sufficient cause, after, due investigation in the manner herein provided for the adjustment of grievances, shall be reinstated with full pay for :all tillne lost. Eleventh. The question of employing apprentices shall be taken up for adjustment in the manner provided herein for the adjust- Iment Of grievances. Twelfth. In view of the fact that the existing strike was called On account Of differences which have not been adjusted, no dis- crimination shall be practiced in the reemployment of the former elmployees. }ecember 10, 1917. Supplementary Rates Established by Emer- gency Fleet Corporation. Stationary and operating engineers $5.25 Firemen, Oilers, and water tenders 3. 60 I,0ftsmen * 6. ()0 Rivet heaters __ 3. 60 Shipyard, riggers: & FOremen 6. O0 Journeymen 5. 00 San Francisco. Frost and asbestos workers —x 5. 2.) Metal polishers and finishers 5. 25 Bridge and structural-iron Workers 5. 2.5 Seattle. Storekeepers, watchmen, and janitors __ 3. 60 December 14, 1917. Supplementary Rates Established by Exam- iner Henry McBride for Puget Sound District. Lºngineers. I/Ocomotive cranes $6.00 Gantry cranes: 6. 00 DOuble cableways 6. 00 All double machines 6. 00 Electrical, Steam, or air-operated winches and donkeys____ 6.00 Single aerial cableways 5. 5() Overhead cranes (in shops) 5. 50 Steam and electrical operators in power houses---...--____ 5. 50 Bngineers in charge of boilers 5. 00 174 SEIIRBUILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. Amended Jan. 17, 1918, p. 175. Ruling, O et . 15, 1918, p. 190. Amended Jan. 2, 1918, p. 175. Firemen with engineer in charge $4.00 Oilers -------------------------- 4. 50. Furllacemen ___ 4. 50° Single-drum Steam, electrical, Or air Winches, and donkeys not hoisting 4. 50 OWERTIME_PAYMENT FOR. December 15, 1917. Board to Examiner (Columbia River District.). Board approves agreement reached between employers. and employees representing Columbia River yards, which agreement is as follows: Time and a half on plant repair and maintenance work December 17 to February 1; double time on construction work from December 17. After February 1 double time on all work. (In same message board also calls attention to 10 per cent bonus. of December 8, 1917.) CARPENTERS–SHIPWRIGHTS. December 22, 1917. Board to Examiner—Columbia River. In view of the refusal of the Brotherhood of Carpen- ters in Columbia River to accept the resolution adopted in San Francisco as to fixing wages of house carpenters. in the Columbia River district, the board establishes the following: (1) House carpenters employed on shipbuilding in olumbia River for the three months prior to September 5 shall receive the minimum rate prescribed by the board for shipwrights. (2) House carpenters so employed for less than three months prior to September 5 shall receive the rate pre- vailing in the Columbia River district; provided, how- ever, that at the end of the three months period, they shall receive the rate for shipwrights. FASTENERS–WOOD YARDS. December 22, 1917. General Letter. Rate for fasteners of $4.50 established. (To these rates 10 per cent increase was added for all men who work for six consecutive days in any week, a total of not less than 48 hours, by order of Fleet Corporation on Decem- ber 10, effective on and after December 15, 1917.) PAINTERS–NORTHWEST STEEL & COLUMBIA RIVER SHIPBLILDING CORPORATION. December 26, 1917. Board to Examiner. Question being asked whether scale for painters set by board should apply to a subcontractor doing work for the Northwest Steel and Columbia River Shipbuild- ing Corporation. It was ruled that as the painting of these hulls is being carried on in the yard, the men em- ployed thereon should be paid the scale fixed by the board of $5 a day. PACIFIC COAST. 175 FASTENERS–PUGET SOUND–COLUMBIA RIVER, January 2, 1918. Board to Examiner. Ruling, Mar Providing that crafts designated as fasteners for Puget 18, # pºº. Sound wood yards have been defined by the board to in- clude pneumatic tool operators and bolt stickers and given minimum rate of $4.50 per day. CARPENTERS–PREVAILING RATES. January 17, 1918. Board to Examiner—Columbia River. Directing that examiner fix prevailing rate for ship carpenters which probably varies according to locality. Board did not mention all classifications, but stated pro- portional increase should be guaranteed those not men- tioned. HOLIDAY – SEATTLE. March 2, 1918. Board to Examiner—Seattle District. Board strictly disapproves action of Metal Trades Council, but can not rule contrary to agreements had by the council with individual yards. All other agreements, Atlantic and Pacific, provide for holiday only on national and State elections and not city elections. Believe that in view of national interests and uniformity throughout country, Seattle Metal Trades Council should conform to custom in all other districts. (It should be noted that the board does not assume the right to change individual agreements between the yard and men.) FASTENERS — PNEUMATIC TO OL OPERATORS AND BOLT STICKERS–WOOD YARDS. March 18, 1918. Board to Examiner—San Francisco. All crafts named in San Francisco decision should re- ceive rates prescribed at Hammond’s yard plus 10 per cent. Board has since established rate of $4.50 plus 10 per cent (war bonus) for fasteners defined to include pneumatic tool operators and bolt stickers for wood yards of Puget Sound and Columbia River. Believe same rate should be fixed for fasteners at Hammonds. WAR BONUS OF 10 PER CENT GRANTED DECEMBER 8, 1917. April 8, 1918. Board to Examiner. Ten per cent bonus to become permanent after Febru- ary 1. (This is the war bonus granted by the Fleet Cor- poration until further notice.) AGREEMENT. BETWEEN METAL TRADES Council, AND STEEL SHIP- BUILDERS OF SEATTLE AND WICINITY. This agreement, made and entered into this 3d day of sºlº. e tº May 16, 1918, pp. April, 1918, by and between the undersigned firms and isi, ië5, isé. the Metal Trades Council of Seattle and vicinity. 176 SHIPBTUILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. Ruling, May 24, 1918, p. 187. First. That each party to this agreement herein made agrees and consents to the following rules and regula- tions, which shall govern the mutual relations of the parties hereto mentioned: Second. Eight hours shall constitute a day’s work. Third. All time worked over the regular eight-hour day shall be paid at the rate of double time (two hours for one), including Sundays and the following holidays: New Year, Washington's Birthday, Decoration Day, Fourth of July, Labor Day, Columbus Day, Thanksgiv- ing Day, and Christmas Day, Saturday afternoons for four months in the summer, and one-half day for city elections. Under no circumstances shall any work be performed on Labor Day or the one-half day for city. elections, except to preserve life or property. Fourth. All grievances which may arise in any shop or yard shall be given consideration as follows: (1) All complaints and grievances to be adjusted by the foreman in charge, if possible. (2) When such adjustment can not be made between the foreman and the men directly interested, the matter will be taken up with the company direct by the business agent and the shop committee rep- resenting the craft having the grievance, and they shall endeavor to reach a mutual understanding. (3) In the event an understanding can not be reached by the com- pany and the representatives of the crafts involved, a committee of representatives from the Metal Trades Council will meet the company and try to bring about an adjustment of the grievance, and in the meantime there will be no lockout on the part of the company or strike on the part of the men. Fifth. All employees shall be paid every two weeks on Saturday, and arrangements shall be made to cash checks. In no case shall more than one week's pay be held back. Sixth. Any employee being laid off, discharged, or quitting of his own volition shall receive all wages and personal property within 24 hours of the termination of his employment. Seventh. It shall not be construed as a violation of this agreement for members of any affiliated crafts of the Metal Trades Council to refuse to work on any work or for any employer that has been declared unfair to the Metal Trades Council, provided, however, that this clause shall not apply to actual shipbuilding under direct Gov- •ernment contract. Eighth. All second and third shifts shall be allowed one-half hour for lunch with pay. Ninth. All foremen and subforemen in any depart- ment shall be practical mechanics. - Tenth. That a nurse shall be in attendance at all times while the men are working. Eleventh. That business representatives of the differ- ent crafts shall have free access to shops or yards at all PACIFIC. COAST. 177 times, provided they do not interfere with or cause the men to neglect their work. Twelfth. Mechanics and all other help shall be hired through the respective organizations, provided, however, that in cases of emergency the company may hire helpers direct and shall furnish a list of names and the class of work of those employed to the business office of the Organization having jurisdiction over them within 24 hours after their employment. Thirteenth. The Metal Trades Council will not be re- Sponsible for agreements negotiated by any organization not herein mentioned and signed. Fourteenth. That the following working rules of the different crafts shall prevail during the life of this agree- ment: - VORIKING RULES. All apprentices who desire to learn any trade in the various branches of the shipbuilding industry with the above-named firm shall remain in the employ of the company until they have served their time. Under no circumstances will they be permitted to change from one company to another unless permission is given by the company and the representative of the organization hav- ing jurisdiction over them. BLACKSMITHS, HELPERS, AND APPRENTICEs. There may be one apprentice to every six blackSmiths employed. All apprentices shall be taken from the ranks of the helpers, seniority to govern. They must have at least one year's experience as helper. All apprentices shall be given opportunity to learn all branches of the trade. Any apprentice, in the judgment of the shop foreman and shop committee, not showing adaptability for the work after a period of six months shall be dis- charged. Apprentices shall not be advanced to the detriment of blacksmiths. Apprentices shall be laid off in proportion . to journeymen, seniority to govern. Apprentices shall receive the prevailing, helpers’, rate of wages for first year, and 24 cents per hour at the end of each year until the completion of his apprenticeship, then if retained in the service of the company he shall receive the prevail- ing rate of wages. - MACHINISTS. One apprentice shall be employed for the shop and one additional apprentice for each five journeymen. Apprentices shall be given the opportunity to learn all branches of the trade. - 89811—22 12 178 SFHIPBUILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. SEHEET-METAL WORIKERS. Any person to be admitted to the membership in this union must be a sheet-metal worker, competent to Com- mand the minimum rate of wages at any of the branches covered by our jurisdiction claim. All working rules shall apply to members working in or out of town. Boys who desire to learn the trade shall be between the years of 16 and 21 and must register with the financial secretary. - Apprentices at the trade the first year shall receive what they and the employer decide upon; second year they shall receive not less than $2.50 per day, and after they have served four and one-half years at the trade shall receive journeyman’s pay and become members as journeymen thereafter. On all machines requiring the services of two members, one at least must be a journeyman member of this union. No other than members of this union shall be allowed to handle tools in the manufacture or erection of sheet- metal work. The above includes all sheet metal made of No. 10 gauge or lighter. Each shop shall be allowed one apprentice or junior to every three journeymen or frac- tion thereof. Subcontracting or piecework is strictly prohibited. IRON MIOLDERS. One apprentice to each shop and one to every five journeymen. Each apprentice shall serve four years at the trade. Apprentices shall be given an opportunity to learn all branches of the trade. COPEPERSMITHS. 1. Coppersmiths Local 120 shall have jurisdiction over all copper work, including high pressure, air, hydraulic piping, unless otherwise agreed upon. 2. Time consumed in traveling shall be paid as regular working time, except at night, when sleeper is provided. 3. Piecework of any kind is strictly prohibited, under penalty of fine or expulsion, as union may decide. 4. Employers must pay transportation and all neces- sary expenses pertaining to work outside of the city. 5. Helpers shall not be allowed to use journeyman tools and shall not be allowed to work by themselves, but perform such work as may be required by the journey. man having them in charge. 6. One apprentice shall be allowed for every shop em- ploying five coppersmiths or less, and one apprentice for every shop averaging five additional coppersmiths. Ap- prentices shall serve four years and shall not be over 18 PACIFIC COAST. 179 years of age at the beginning of apprenticeship, and at the expiration of four years shall receive journeymen's Wages. 7. Employers directing members of this union to re- port at shop or job in readiness for work must furnish employment for said members, or will be required to give compensation for expense and inconvenience incurred the sum of two hours’ pay. 8. Any employer discharging a member of this union in the morning, having failed to notify him at the close of the previous day’s work, will be required to pay said member the sum of two hours’ pay. STEAM AND OPERATING ENGINEERS-LOCAL NO. 4 0. All machines to be covered and heated for the protec- tion of the operator. No time to be kept less than one-half day. None but members of local 40 shall do operating work. No members of the National Association of Stationary Engineers shall be allowed to work on any work covered by the jurisdiction of local No. 40. PAINTERS. All men working on bituminous composition shall be given ample protection, such as furnishing masks. Nome but painters shall do painters’ work. - There shall be one apprentice to every 20 journeymen. JPATTERN MAICERS. One apprentice to each shop, and one to every eight journeymen. An apprentige shall serve five years at the trade. ELECTRICAL WORKERS–LOCAL 4 6. All installing, drilling, taping, hanging, strapping of all conduit, cables, molding, wood or metal, duct or race- ways, and other electrical gºes of any kind shall be done by members of Local No. 46. Where men are working on high tension wires, 500 volts or over, they shall be accompanied by another jour- neyman and furnished with a protective shield and rub- ber gloves. This is a State law. There shall never be more than one apprentice to two journeymen employed. An apprentice shall do only work such as directed by a journeyman, and shall never be placed in charge of work. The minimum scale of wages for the foregoing crafts shall be governed by the decisions of the TTºad States Wage Adjustment Board. t 180 SHIPBUILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. The above working rules and conditions shall take effect when signed, and remain in full force and effect until August 1, 1918, and continue thereafter unless either barty desires to change, in which case 15 days’ notice shall be given in writing. E. F. SMELTZER, President, S. L. BODDY, Secretary, Metal Trades Council. (Signed for the company, subject to the approval of the Macy Adjustment Board.) Ames Shipbuilding & Dry Dock Co., by Geo. W. Albie, vice president; J. F. Duthie & Co., by J. F. Duthie, general manager; Commercial Boiler Works, by J. H. Fox; Seattle Construction & Dry Dock Co., by C. W. Wiley, president; Erickson En- gineering Co. (Inc.), by H. A. Capstaff. Signed for the organizations: J. Von Carnop, International Association of Machinists; E. F. Smeltzer, International Moulders’ Union; H. H. Wulfers, Pattern Makers’ Association; Lincoln Fielding, Blacksmiths and Helpers; I. G. O'Harra, M. P. F. and H. United Association, No. 475; J. E. Dorrell, Coppersmiths; S. L. Boddy, Steam and Operating Engineers, Local No. 40; W. A. Smith, Sheet Metal Workers; Fred Countey, Boiler Makers, Shipbuilders and Helpers, Local No. 104; J. E. Phillips, D. C. Painters, No. 31; J. A. Johnson, Shipyard Laborers, 38–A–2, I. L. A.; H. Smith, Janitors and Watchmen; , Teamsters; Wm. O. Aners, Electrical Workers, Local No. 46; Foundry Employees, Local No. 40; , Caulkers; ———, Shipwrights and Joiners. BoILERMIAKERs, IRON-SHIP BUILDERs, AND HELPERS OF AMERICA, LOCAL LODGE 104. 1. Overtime shall be paid at the rate of double time, unless the employee is required to work in excess of eight hours' overtime, in which case he shall receive three hours for one until 12 hours overtime has been worked, after which he shall receive four hours for one hour until re- lieved. - 2. All time worked in excess of the regular shift within any period of 24 hours shall be classed as overtime. 3. On completing drydock or an outside job six hours or more, not in excess of eight, shall constitute a day’s work. PACIFIC COAST. 181 4. When men are required to work on oil or acid tanks, or tanks on boats carrying oil or acid, such tanks shall be cleaned and steamed according to Government regula- tions. Time and a quarter shall be paid for dirty work. NIGHT WOREC. 5. When two or more shifts are worked, night shifts shall work seven and one-half hours and receive eight hours’ pay; Saturday after 12 midnight and Sundays double time. Night shifts to be changed every two weeks. 6. Should any employee’ be working during the day, then be transferred to a night shift, or vice versa, he shall receive the regular rate of overtime for the succeed- ing shifts. 7. No member of Local 104, doing work under the juris- diction of this brotherhood, unless in case of accident or the elements prevent working, shall be laid off, except at the expiration of his regular shift. 8. Any member reporting for work and laid off by the company without proper notification shall receive one-half day’s extra pay. . 9. Holidays falling on Sunday or another being ob- served by the State or Nation same shall be considered a holiday and shall be paid for as such. OUT OF TOWN WORE. 10. Should it become necessary to travel to or from or with a job by day, straight time for week days and on Sundays, holidays, or Saturday afternoons, double. time shall be paid. When men are out of the city on jobs and are not working on Sunday, holidays, or Satur- day afternoons they shall receive a straight day’s pay and first class necessary expenses shall be allowed. First class accommodations not being provided, double time shall be allowed. 11. Boilermakers and shipbuilders sent to Alaska shall receive not less than 85 cents per hour or $6.80 per day. Helpers shall receive not less than 65 cents per hour or $5.20 per day. Also first-class hotel and traveling ex- penses, including time for traveling. 12. All field work, such as pipe lines, tanks, buildings, water towers, stacks, burners, and all structural steel erecting shall be done by mechanics, who shall receive a minimum wage of 814 cents per hour; helpers, 62% cents per hour. Four men shall constitute a gang, first-class sleeping accommodations and board shall be provided at the expense of company. 13. Work contracted for that is erected by shop in which it is fabricated shall be erected by boilermakers or shipbuilders. 182 SEIILPB'UILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. 14. All boilermakers and shipbuilders shall be acco.n- panied by their helpers when going out on a job. 15. No apprentice shall be sent out on Jobs until he has Served two years of his apprenticeship, and then must be accompanied by a journeyman. 16. None but boilermakers or iron shipbuilders shall do boilermakers’ or shipbuilders’ work. This rule not to conflict with present agreement in regard to apprentices. All apprentices shall have a signed agreement with the company, Satisfactory to foreman and local 104. 17. Apprentices shall be laid off in proportion to jour- neymen. Seniority shall prevail. Under no circum- stances shall apprentices be allowed to work piecework. 18. No member of this organization shall be discrimi- nated against for taking an active part in the affairs in the union. 19. All leading men shall be members in good stand- ing in this organization. 20. All members covered by this agreement shall be supplied with a locker or box suitable to keep clothes in. 21. All toilet and work rooms shall be kept in a sani- tary condition; also there shall be a warm, suitable room provided for our members’ use in eating lunches and changing clothes. y 22. All packing shall be done by mechanics. SAFETY RULES. 23. All staging that men of this local may be required to Work upon must be constructed in a safe and proper manner by competent riggers and carpenters. 24. Acetylene burners and welders shall at all times be provided with a helper to guard against accident, such as burned out work, or fire from torch falling on, or burn- ing men below; tank left in an exposed location, explo- sion of tank, etc. 25. Care shall be exercised for the proper protection of workmen. 26. Any work which has been commenced by others than boilermakers or shipbuilders and boilermakers or shipbuilders being called upon to complete same, double time shall be paid for such work. IEMPLOYMENT OF MEN. 27. All men shall be employed through our business office, men required to be furnished upon request, such request (so far as is possible) to be made 24 hours or more in advance of the hour on which the applicants are required to report for work. 28. No helper shall be advanced from helper to me- chanic without first getting permission from our business office, which must be in writing. PACIFIC COAST. 183 ADVANCEMENT. 29. Future vacancies for mechanics shall be filled from the ranks of eligible helpers, no helpers to be so promoted when mechanics in good standing in this organization are available. - 30. All men doing mechanics’ work shall be paid not less than the minimum rate of the craft in question. This shall not conflict with any agreement which may be adopted regarding apprentices. FRED CountER, BoILERMAKERs, IRON SHIPBUILDERs AND HELPERs, LOCAL 104. METAL TRADES CouncIL, E. F. SMELTZER, President. S. L. BoDDY, Secretary. SEATTLE, WASH., April 3, 1918. AMEs SHIPBUILDING AND DRY DOCK Co., By GEO. W. ALBIN, Vive President. J. F. DUTHIE & Co., By J. F. DUTHIE, General Manager. COMMERCIAL BoILER WoRKs, By J. H. Fos. . SEATTLE CONSTRUCTION & DRY Dock Co., By C. W. WILEY, President. ERICKSON ENGINEERING Co. (INC.), By H. A. CAPSTAFF. SPECIAL RATES. April 9, 1918. Board to Examiners. Directing that the following classifications with rates attached be made effective April 1, 1918, in Seattle and Columbia River districts: Plankers, ceilers, and stage builders, $4.95. Beetlers. $4.50, to be increased to $5 at end of 30 days’ employment. Oakum spinners, $4, to be increased to $4.50 at end of 30 days’ employment. Shipwrights, carpenters, and Woodworking machine helpers, $4.40. NIGHT-SHIFT BONUS. April 26, 1918. Board to Examiner (Seattle). Board not willing to extend 10 per cent bonus for night nº shift since 5 per cent bonus is well nigh universal rule tºo.º. “ for shipyards of the country outside of three yards in Seattle. *- NoTE.—This refers to Ames Shipbuilding Co., J. F. Duthie & Co., and Seattle Construction & Dry Dock Co. This is by agreement entered into April 3, 1918. 184 SHIPBUILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. PLAN KERS AND CEILERS–CLAMP HANGERS. May 6, 1918. Board to Examiner (Seattle). Approving the confining of rates for plankers and ceilers to clamp hangers pending further investigation. Consider $4.40 too high a rate for air-tool operators’ helpers. * NEW RATES (PORTLAND). May 8, 1918. Following letter of examiner approved by board: [Superseding all previous issues ; revised and amended May 8, 1918.] Wage Scale for 677 gimbeers and cranemøm in the Columbia River (list)'ict. DOCOmotive engineers and electric Cranemen__________ $6.00 Hoisting Crane and derrick men, machines of carrying capacity Of Over 3 tons__________ 6. 00 Hoisting crane and derrick men, machines of carrying Capacity Of under 3 tons_______ –––– 5 Compressor engineers––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– 6 POWer-hoist Operators________ 6. Aerial hoist and CableWays–––––– 5. 50 6 6 . Steam-donkey men, quadruple drum machines________ a. Steam-donkey men, double drum machines, hoisting____ 8. Steam-donkey men, double drum machines, not hoisting 7 (not retroactive) –––––––––– 5. 50 9. Donkey men, not hoisting (not retroactive) -----_____ 5. 00. 10. Firennen * - *-* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * 3. 60 These wages are all retroactive from September 5, 1917, except in the case of donkey men, not hoisting. From December 15, 1917, to February 1, 1918, a 10 per cent increase is to be computed as a bonus on the basic Scales given above (except donkey men, not hoisting). After February 1 this 10 per cent is to be included as a part of the regular wage. Any controversy arising as to what should be included in the hoisting machines will be promptly adjusted by this office in each instance on notice by either party. RICHARD W. MonTAGUE, Eagaminer. (This is applicable to Portland district only.) SEATTLE WORKING AGREEMENT BETWEEN YARDS AND MEN APPROVED. *. May 16, 1918. Board to Examiner (Seattle). M sº Approving attached working agreement with condi- 186. tions as provided therein, etc. The board has considered with great care the proposed agreement between the Metal Trades Council and the steel-ship builders of your district, submitted to it for its approval. Inclosed I return pages 1, 2, and 5 of the agreement, modified to conform with the decision of the board as to what is required by the interests of the Gov- IPACIFIC COAST. 185 ernment. With these modifications the board is glad to approve the agreement and to authorize you to so advise the representatives of the Metal Trades Council and the yard owners of the district. The changes made are as follows: 1. In place of the Saturday afternoon holiday for “four months in the summer,” the board will approve only of Saturday, afternoon holidays during June, July, and August. This is the provision jointly agreed upon for San Francisco and between the Wooden-Ship Build- ers’ Association and the Maritime Council of Seattle for Wooden yards. It has been inserted in all of the decisions of the board for the Atlantic coast and Gulf districts, except the decision for Delaware River, where long- established local custom had created a different situation. The board does not believe that in this national emer- gency any locality should expect to have conditions as regards holidays more favorable than they have been in the past. 2. The board wishes added to this third clause as a qualification to the provision that “under no circum- stances shall any work be performed on Labor Day,” etc., the phrase “provided that this shall not apply to ship- yards during the duration of the war when such work is ordered by the Government.” The board believes that the Metal Trades Council shares its feeling that in this crisis the national interest is our supreme concern. It has no reason to think that the Government will order Work to continue on Labor Day, but believes that if the emergency were deemed so critical as to require such an order, no agreement between employer and employee should stand in the way. Of course, in any event, Labor Day would remain a holiday in the sense that double time would have to be paid for any work upon that day. 3. If section seven is left in the board directs that the phrase “ or to the manufacture of equipment to be in- stalled in ships being built under direct Government con- tract ’’ be added. This is to carry out what we think was the intent of that provision, that the construction and equipment of ships shall not be interfered with by controversies in regard to unfair material. If the Metal Trades Council prefers to leave this section out entirely, as was done in connection with the San Francisco agree- ment on the recommendation of the international officers, this plan will be equally satisfactory to the board. 4. In order to emphasize again that in this emergency national interests are Supreme, the board directs that there be added to the eleventh provision the phrase “ and subject to any regulations which may be deemed neces- sary by the Government for the protection of national property.” I need hardly add that this will make no practical difference, since the Government has entire con- fidence that the labor organizations themselves will wish 186 SEIIL’ElJILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. to conform to any general regulations of this character, and will permit no regulations that are adverse to the interests of organized labor. * 5. The board directs that section 12 be modified by the insertion after the word “through,” of the phrase “The Federal Employment Bureau or.” The Federal Employment Service is being maintained at considerable expense by the Government to facilitate the manning of essential industries. We understand that this change is in conformity with the local situation in regard to this matter. 6. To prevent any possible misunderstanding the offi- cial designation of the board, the “Shipbuilding Labor Adjustment Board ” is substituted for the phrase on page 5, “United States Wage Adjustment Board.” 7. The board wishes that there be added at the end the sentence “No change shall become operative until approved by the Shipbuilding Labor Adjustment Board.” In communicating these modifications to the represen- tatives of both sides please emphasize that the board has been actuated by a desire to impress on all concerned what is now the fact, that all work performed in ship- yards is in the interest and at the expense of the Govern- ment, and that for this reason the relation between em- ployer and employee is radically changed, both employers and employees now being the agents of the Government, and all agreements between them now being agréements to which the Government, through the agencies which it has created, must be a party. WORKING AGREEMENT. May 16, 1918. Board to Examiner (Seattle). Wire May 11 with reference to agreement Metal Trades Council; after conference with Taylor et al. board has decided that there is nothing in the agreement which calls for its approval or disapproval. Understanding reached that section 7 will be omitted. Please advise those concerned that agreement may become effective without action. You, of course, should not take any action either. HOLIDAYS-10 PER CENT NIGHT BONUs—wooDEN YARDS. May 16, 1918. Board to Examiner (Seattle). 1s"; p.º. On information that 10 per cent bonus for night work 3 -º- ºr -º-º-> y has been paid by wooden yards, board recalls its order making bonus 5 per cent, leaving matter as it was before order was issued. Board approves Saturday half holi- day in June, July, and August only. Strongly disap- proves taking holidays before June 1. IPA CIEIC COAST. 187 NIGHT-SHIFT BONUS. May 18, 1918. Board to Examiner (Seattle). Ruling, M a y Where only two shifts are employed, board intends sº; ; that 5 per cent bonus should be paid on only 8 out of a.s.o. Aug. 19. 16 hours’ work. Whether bonus is given entirely to one shift or divided between two shifts for hours worked be- fore 8 a. m. and after 5 p.m. it is immaterial. BEVEL TURNERS–GENERAL, HELPER—NEW RATE º ESTABLISHED. May 23, 1918. Board to Examiner (Seattle). Authorizing establishment of rate of $4.40 for bevel turners, cut-off saw, treenail machine, and other Small wood-working machine operators. Instead of putting in higher rate for laborers, board directs establishment in wooden yards occupation of general helper at $3.96, cor- responding to helpers’ rate in steel yards. OVERTIME. May 24, 1918. General Letter to Columbia River, Puget Sound, San Francisco, and Los Angeles. Overtime in excess of 2 hours a day or a total work- ing period in excess of 60 hours a week shall not be per- mitted for any employees; provided, that during the period when an authorized Saturday half holiday is observed 6 hours' overtime may be worked on Saturdays; and provided further, that where the custom of working a night shift only five nights a week prevails, 4 hours' overtime may be worked on each of these five nights. This limitation may be relaxed to protect life or property from imminent danger or by order of the Navy Depart- ment or the Emergency Fleet Corporation when deemed necessary to expedite the final completion or launching of a vessel. In Sending this notice to local shipyards, please ex- plain to them that experience has convinced the officials of the Government that excessive overtime leads to in- efficiency and tends to result not only in increased cost but lessened production, and that it is the intention that the limitation be strictly observed. Permission to relax it may be granted by the local representative of the Navy Department or the Emergency Fleet Corporation only when this is necessary to hasten the final completion of a vessel. No general relaxation will be permitted. TANK TESTERS. May 25, 1918. Board to Examiner. Notify all shipyards under your jurisdiction that board has established rate of 82% cents per hour for tank testers, same to be effective from date of receipt of notice. 918, p. 189. Ruling, June 6, 1919, p. 188. 188 SEIIPBTUILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. NIGHT-SHIFT BONUS May 29, 1918. Board to Fleet Corporation. zºº,"; , Referring to the inclosed telegram, we do not believe # *#1.” that it would be advisable to permit the 10 per cent * * * bonus for the night shift to spread to Portland. It was introduced in the steel yards in Seattle on the basis of Admiral Bowles’ December order, which appears to have been intended to limit the bonus to night workers to 10 per cent, but was interpreted by District Officer Blain as a mandate that a 10 per cent bonus should be immediately established in the local yards. From the steel yards it spread again on the authorization of District Officer Blain to the wooden yards. - We regret that it has in this way become the estab- lished practice in the Puget Sound district, but think it should be confined to that district. In San Francisco the bonus mutually agreed upon by the shipyards and the Iron Trades Council is only 5 per cent. This, of course, is the bonus we have estab- lished for all the Atlantic coast, Gulf coast, and Lakes Shipyards. - OVERTIME SATURDAY NIGHT SHIFTS (PORTLAND). June 6, 1918. Board to Examiner (Portland). Double time for overtime on Saturday afternoons intended to apply to work in excess of four hours on Saturday. Can see no injustice in applying same rule. to night shifts, especially since night shift employed after Saturday midnight would be entitled to double time for work on Sunday. NIGHT-SHIFT BONUS. June 7, 1918. Board to Examiner. We regret the lack of uniformity between the Puget Sound and Columbia River districts with reference to bonus for work on night shift. This resulted through no fault of ours, as we have uniformly made the bonus 5 per cent in our decisions. An order was sent out by Admiral Bowles, when Director of Division of Steel Ship. Construction, which led to the introduction of the 10 per cent bonus in Puget Sound district. As you may know, it does not apply to the Skinner & Eddy plant there, and we are advised will not apply to the Seattle Shipbuilding & Construction Co., which they have just taken over. Under the circumstances, the 10 per cent bonus can not be said to be the rule even in Seattle, and as the 5 per cent bonus prevails everywhere else, we think that the employees in the Portland shipyards should be encouraged to think themselves as with the majority and not discriminated against. PACIFIC COAST. I89 WATCHMEN_OVERTIME –5 PER CENT BONUS FOR NIGHT WORK. June 7, 1918. Board to Examiner. The board concurs in your view that watchmen are in a special situation and should not be entitled to extra compensation for work on Sundays, or the 5 per cent bonus for night work. As a matter of fact, as you prob- ably know, the daily wage rate for watchmen was not put in by this board, but is a supplementary adjustment to which the board was not a party, but which, of course, it has accepted. In Atlantic coast yards watchmen are paid by the week and their compensation is supposed to take account of the fact that they must be on duty on Sundays as well as on week days. WILLAMETTE IRON & STEEL WORKS (PORTLAND). July 3, 1918. Board to Examiner. We are puzzled as to what to advise you with refer- ence to back pay due employees of the Willamette Iron & Steel Works. Technically we have no jurisdiction over the employees engaged on work other than ship- building in their plant, and can not, therefore, require them to pay such employees back pay. On the other hand, we can require them to pay back pay to the em- ployees.doing work on ships for the Emergency Fleet Corporation, and the Fleet Corporation is pledged to re- imburse them for such back pay. If it is possible to separate these two accounts and require them to pay over the back pay due to employees on ship work, we authorize you to make such a settlement, if in your judg- ment it will help clear up the situation. Our misgiving about it is that dissatisfaction among the men might be even greater if some of them get back pay and others not. The reason why their claim for reimbursement for back pay against the Fleet Corporation has not been settled is that the Fleet Corporation is unwilling to contribute toward the payment of employees who admittedly did not work for the Fleet Corporation. Such a use of Govern- ment money would obviously be indefensible. The matter of reimbursement for the night-shift bonus is covered by the general orders governing reimburse- ment issued by the Fleet Corporation on June 7. (Gen- eral Order No. 36, article 615.) Please secure from the district officer information in regard to these general orders, and see that the Willamette Co. complies with this provision, as it assures reimbursement. NIGHT-SHIFT BONUS. August 19, 1918. Board to Navy Department. There has been so much difficulty in determining which shift in the shipyards under the jurisdiction of this board would be entitled to the 5 per cent bonus provided Ruling, Oct. 17, 1918, p. 191. 190 SFIIPBTJILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. in our decision for the night shift, owing to different climatic conditions in different sections of the country, that the board has decided to rule that any shift begin- ning work at the conclusion of the working period of the normal eight-hour day shift shall be considered a night shift and be entitled to the 5 per cent bonus provided for workers on the night shift. If question arises in refer- ence to the determination of the hours during which the normal eight-hour day shift is employed, it is to be settled by the local representative of the Navy Department or by our local examiner if the yard is engaged in work for the Emergency Fleet Corporation. Under this ruling where three shifts are employed, two of them will be permitted to claim the 5 per cent bonus. for night-shift work. We think it so desirable to encour- age the organization of additional shifts that we con- sider this stimulus wise expenditure for the Navy De- partment. - TRIAL TRIPS. September 9, 1918. Board to Examiner. This board has not taken jurisdiction over the wages paid on trial trips on the ground that this might involve us in a jurisdictional controversy with the Labor Adjust- ment Board of the United States Shipping Board headed by ex-Gov. Bass. They have adjusted rates for em- ployees engaged in the operation of ships, and informa- tion as to the rates they have fixed can be obtained from Robert P. Bass, 1319 F Street NW., Washington. CARPENTERS – RETROACTIVE PAY – YARD CON- STRUCTION. October 15, 1918. Board to Examiner (Portland). In your report to Mr. Montague bearing date Septem- ber 28, 1918, occurs this paragraph : “Your attention is further called to the fact that in the Coos Bay yard probably 25 per cent of the claims are for work properly known as plant construction, re- imbursement for which the auditor in the San Francisco. district claims to be without authority. Yet this award must be ordered by us since under our instructions from the Macy Board, in their letter of December 22, 1917, they fix the scale for carpenters on plant construction re- troactive as in all other cases.” The letter of December 22, to which you refer, does not seem to me to carry quite the inference which you place upon it. - The section of Mr. Macy’s letter to which reference is made reads as follows: - g “Fourth. House carpenters employed in yard construc- tion but not on shipbuilding shall receive the prevailing rate for house carpenters in the district.” PACIFIC COAST. 191 The phrase employed in yard construction obviously is intended to apply to yard construction over which this board has jurisdiction. It could not have been the in- tention of the chairman to make any ruling upon a Sub- ject over which the board had no jurisdiction. The board has jurisdiction over yard construction only in cases in which the expense of such construction is borne by the Government. As this was not the case at Coos Bay, the jurisdiction of the board does not extend to yard construction there. It appears then that the San Fran- cisco auditor is justified in declining to pass the claim for reimbursement for that part of the work at Coos Bay which was performed on plant construction. NORTHWEST STEEL CO. ONE HOUR EXTRA IN LIEU OF BONUS. October 17, 1918. Board to General Auditor. - Replying to your letter of October 14, making inquiry as to the reason for the arrangement by which the North- west Steel Co., of Portland, was allowed to give their “graveyard ” shift eight hours’ pay for seven hours' work in lieu of the regular 5 per cent bonus for night shift, we have to advise you that this board was induced to authorize this substitution by the fact that this was the established practice of that yard before the board undertook to standardize the rates of remuneration to the night shift. As you of course understand, to operate three shifts it is necessary to curtail the time of at least one shift to allow for time lost for lunch periods and for changes in shifts. Practices in the various yards differ as to the way in which this lost time is to be distributed. In the Skinner & Eddy plant the two night shifts work seven and one-half hours each for eight hours’ pay. Local customs in this matter are so varied that it seemed wiser not to disturb them, and therefore when our Mr. Mon- tague advised us that the practice at the Northwest Steel Co. was to have the “graveyard ” shift work only seven hours for eight hours' pay, but with no additional bonus, and recommended continuance of this practice, the board authorized it. We have not received any similar request from any other yard and are therefore of the opinion that this mat- ter can be left to adjustment according to local custom without serious financial detriment to the Fleet Corpora- tion. October 17, 1918. Board to Examiner (San Francisco). Plan of paying second and third shifts for 8 hours for working 7 hours and 35 minutes in lieu of 5 per cent bonus approved by board. Believe it should be per- mitted where employers and employees prefer, but not forced against will of either side. 192 SHIPBUILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. TERMINATION OF EMPLOYMENT—RETROACTIVE PAY. October 23, 1918. General Letter. The board has ruled that any man who was employed in a shipyard during the period covered by the retro- active-pay period, is to receive retroactive pay for the period he was employed, determined in exactly the same way as though he were still employed in the same yard, and without regard to the fact that his employment was interrupted or transferred to some other yard or occu- pation. - SHOP CoMMITTEES.–COMPANY's TIME. October 23, 1918. Board to Examiner. We are very much surprised to hear that the previous examiner authorized the shop committee to meet on the company’s time, as we had not authorized such action on his part. (This is the first instance in which it was decided that shop committees could not meet on the company’s time.) GREAT LAKES. The American Shipbuilding Co. — Buffalo, N. Y. The American Shipbuilding Co -- Chicago, Ill. The American Shipbuilding Co-__.Cleveland, Ohio. The American Shipbuilding Co---Detroit, Mich. The American Shipbuilding Co---Lorain, Ohio. The American Shipbuilding Co. --Superior, Wis. Globe Shipbuilding Co-__________. DO. . Great Lakes Engineering Works_-Ashtabula, Ohio, and Ecrose, Mich. Hartman-Greiling Co-___________. Green Bay, Wis. Lake & Ocean Navigation Co-____ Sturgeon Bay, Wis. McDougall-Duluth Co-__________- Duluth, Minn. Manitowoc Shipbuilding Co--____, Manitowoc, Wis. Saginaw Shipbuilding Co --_____. Saginaw, Mich. --- Toledo Shipbuilding Co. --_______ Toledo, Ohio. Whitney Bros. CO Superior, Wis. REQUISITIONED YARDS. American Shipbuilding CO_______. Cleveland, Ohio. Globe Shipbuilding Co. --________ Superior, Wis. Great Lakes Engineering Co--___. Detroit, Mich. McDOugall-Duluth CO--__________ Duluth, Minn. Manitowoc Shipbuilding Co--____. Manitowoc, Wis. Toledo Shipbuilding CO__________Toledo, Ohio. GREAT LAKES. -- [Basic docisions.] Decision of April 19, 1918. Effective on or before May 1, 1918. Rates specified are minimum rates, special provisions see p. 194. permitted for unusual proficiency. Retroactive date.—April 1, except when otherwise agreed upon in writing by the yard owner and their em- ployees, prior to April 1. Holidays and overtime.—Holidays, double time; over- time, time and half. Repair work.--Double time for holidays and overtime. Night shift.—Five per cent bonus. Wages paid in excess of decision prior to its publica- tions not to be reduced. Occupations not specifted.—Rates to be reported to board for approval. 4. Decision of May 2, 1918. Correcting award of April 19, 1918. Same as decision Seº P. * of April 19, 1918. 89811—22—13 - 193 194 SHIPBUILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. [Apr. 19, 1918.] lºº. §SHIPYARDS, ABOUT THE GREAT LAKES-DE- º, no danges gisſon AS TO WAGES, HOURS, AND OTHER In a C6. CONDITIONS. First. The shifting of employees from yard to yard, which we have found to be one of the most serious influ- ences retarding the progress of the shipbuilding industry, can only be checked effectively by making conditions uni- form over an entire competitive area. With the easy means of transportation about the Lakes, and from the Lakes to the seaboard, the Great Lakes region now con- stitutes part of the same competitive area as the North Atlantic coast. This is demonstrated not only by the movement of employees from the shipyards of the Lake region to those of the Atlantic coast in response to higher Wages, but by the Substantial uniformity in the Wages baid in the yards, for example, of Buffalo, Cleveland, etroit, and Chicago, and in those of Philadelphia and Baltimore, before our decision fixing the wage scale for the Delaware River and Baltimore districts were ren- dered on February 14. We have made a careful study of all of the evidence as to wages and other conditions in the shipyards of the Great Lakes submitted at our hear- ings on April 8 to 10, and have come to the conclusion. that substantial justice will be done to all classes of em- ployees if we establish for these yards the same wage scale, hours, and other regulations that we have estab- lished for the yards on the North Atlantic coast. This wage scale will advance substantially the wages now paid in these yards to nearly all crafts; but to make certain that the wages of no individual employee will be reduced in consequence of the change, we have inserted a provi- sion (fourteenth) declaring expressly that such wages, shall not be altered or affected by this decision. Second. The hourly rates of wages and piece rates fixed by this award for the Great Lakes shipyards shall be retroactive until April 1, except where otherwise agreed sº upon in writing by the yard owner and their employees prior to April 1, the date on which wage changes were Ruling, June made effective in these yards with the authorization of 28, 1918, p. 221, the Emergency Fleet Corporation. To determine the back pay due to an employee on the hourly-wage system, the new hourly wage fixed by the board is to be multiplied by the total number of hours which such employee worked from the retroactive date until the date when the new wage scale was put into Ruling, July effect. From the product thus determined the total * * * * wage, including premiums and bonuses of every kind which the employee received for his work, is to be de- ducted. The balance constitutes the back pay to which he is entitled. In determining the total number of hours GREAT LAIOI.S. 195. of employment, hours counted and paid for as overtime when the original payment was made are to be counted as overtime at the established rating in calculating earn- ings at the new rate of wages, but all other hours are to be calculated as straight time. The back pay of piece- workers shall be the difference between their earnings at piecework from March 31, or the retroactive date, until the rates established by this award are made effective at the piece rates then prevailing and the earnings which they would have received had the piece rates established by this decision been in operation. The back pay due to both day workers and pieceworkers shall be paid at the earliest date at which the elaborate calculations neces- sary to their determination, can be completed and ap- proved by the auditing department. Third. As regards hours of employment, we prescribe the following rules for all of the shipyards of the dis- trict covered by this award: (1) Eight hours shall constitute a day’s work from Monday to Saturday, inclusive, provided that during the months of June, July, and August the working day on Saturdays shall be four hours. (2) Work on ship construction in excess of these pe- riods on any week day shall be counted as overtime and paid for at the rate of time and one-half time. (3) Work on ship construction on Sundays and the following holidays shall be paid for at the rate of double time: New Year's Day, Washington’s Birthday, Decora- tion Day, Fourth of July, Labor Day, Thanksgiving Day, and Christmas Day, and a half holiday on State and National election days. - (4) Repair work upon or for vessels undergoing re- pair in excess of the stated periods on any week day, as well as on Sundays and the specified holidays, shall be counted as overtime and paid for at the rate of double time. (5) Men employed on the night shift shall receive compensation 5 per cent higher than is paid to those employed on the day shift. (6) The night shift is defined as a shift the majority 1sº Šá. of the hours of which fall within the period from 7 p.m. to 7. a. m. Overtime hours worked by employees on a day shift shall not be considered hours on the night shift. The bonus to employees on the night shift shall be a 5 per cent addition to the hourly wage for all hours worked, overtime as well as straight time. The extra compensa- tion for overtime is in addition to the bonus and is not to be included in the sum used in calculating the bonus due to employees. (7) Work in excess of 12 hours a day or 60 hours a Week for any employee shall not be permitted, except Ruling, July 2, 1918, p. 222. Ruling, Ju me 13, 1918, p. 211. Ruling, M a y 8, 1918, p. 210. - g when ordered by the Navy Department or the Emergency Fleet Corporation, or to protect life or property from imminent danger, 196 SHIPBLILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. Our purpose in prescribing the maximum daily and weekly working period is to discourage a resort to exces- sive overtime, which leads to inefficiency and tends to result not only in increased costs, but lessened produc- tion. We wish also to encourage the introduction of the two and three shift systems. The feasibility of working two or three eight-hour shifts in shipbuilding plants has been conclusively demonstrated, and We urge the ship- yards of this district to take immediate steps looking toward the introduction of additional shifts in their yards. In introducing additional shifts fullest use should be made of daylight hours. Where this calls for changes in train schedules or other transportation arrangements the assistance of the Transportation Division of the Fleet Corporation should be called for. We believe that extra shifts are entirely practicable even for repair yards, since such yards during the war have been and probably will be continuously employed to their full capacity. Fourth. The shipyard owners are directed to cooperate with employees in making effective the following rules in reference to machinery for the settlement of industrial : disputes: w * (1) The employees of each craft or calling in a shop or yard shall have the right to select three of their num- ber to represent them as members of a shop committee. Each member of this committee shall be chosen by ma- jority vote through secret, ballot in such manner as the employees may direct. The chairman of each shop com- mittee shall be a member of a joint shop committee. (2) When a grievance arises it shall be taken up by the craft or laborers’ committee with the foreman or general foreman. In the event the grievance has not been adjusted it shall then be taken up by the joint shop committee, first with the superintendent, and then, fail- ing a settlement, with the higher officials of the com- pany. If the matter can not be adjusted between the joint shop committee and these officials, the joint shop committee shall have the right to call into conference a representative chosen by the committee. In case such conference fails to result in a satisfactory adjustment, the grievance shall be submitted to the examiner to be appointed by the Shipbuilding Labor Adjustment Board, as provided in the memorandum of December 8, 1917, creating this board. (3) Any committeeman appointed hereunder who shall be found to have been discharged without just or suf- ficient cause, after due investigation in the manner herein provided for the adjustment of grievances, shall be reinstated with full pay for all time lost. Fifth. The question of employing apprentices shall be taken up for adjustment in the manner provided herein for the adjustment of grievances. GREAT IAISES. 197 Sixth. Believing that in this national emergency past differences between employers and employees must be forgotten in the common determination to produce the maximum possible number of ships, the board will not tolerate any discrimination either on the part of em- ployers or employees between union and nonunion men. Seventh. Employees shall be paid at least once a Amended May fortnight on the company’s time and in no case shall more * * * * than five days’ pay be held back. Eighth. Any employee laid off or discharged shall within 24 hours receive all wages due him. Ninth. No employees shall be required by the employ- ing shipyard to pay any assessment for insurance. medicial attendance, or other benefits. Tenth. Competent medical first aid shall be provided for employees requiring such aid and paid for by the employer. - Eleventh. Shipyard owners are directed to provide for their employees adequate and sanitary toilets, washing facilities and pure drinking water, properly cooled dur- ing the summer months. -> Twelfth. The minimum rates of wages to be paid to lºit A. P. different classes of employees by all of the shipyards of Amended July the Great Lakes district under our jurisdiction shall be ºft. those set forth in the schedule appended hereto (Ex- 2%. hibit A) which is made a substantive part of this award. Where more than one rate is prescribed for the em- ployees of any craft. Such employees are to be paid the rate prescribed for the class to which they belong and not some intermediate rate; provided that this shall not be interpreted to prohibit an employer from paying more than the minimum rate prescribed for first-class journeymen to individual employees of special pro- ficiency. . Thirteenth. In certain departments, for example, the , ººl, 1918, department of riveting and chipping and calking, we "Šº 16, 1918, have found a preference for the piece-wage system on * * the part not only of employers but also of the workers themselves. To secure uniformity in the piece rates paid on the Delaware River district we caused conference to be held between representatives of the shipyards and of the piece-raté crafts in that district, which resulted in the uniform piece-rate Scale appended hereto. Since these ... Black Bogk.” rates were designed to correspond with the hourly rates # * * * prescribed for the different occupations in this decision alº.º. and seem adapted to conditions in the shipyards of the " `" Great Lakes district, we direct that the piece rates paid in these yards be those published in the standard piece- rate book appended to this decision and made a sub- stantive part thereof. Fourteenth. Hourly or weekly rates of wages now be-, Amended June ing paid to individual employees in excess of the mini- * * * * mum rates fixed are in no wise altered or affected by the establishment of these rates. 198 SHIPBUILDIN G LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. Fifteenth. Rates of wages for occupations not covered by this decision shall be reported to the examiner, who shall satisfy himself through consultation with the yard owners and the employees affected as to the fairness of the rates suggested and report a recommendation for their confirmation or modification by this board. The board may on the basis of such report and recommenda- tion, determine a uniform minimum rate for each such occupation. Sixteenth. Under the rulings of the Navy Department and the United States Shipping Board Emergency Fleet Corporation, the jurisdiction of this board is limited to shipyards which have direct contracts with the Navy Department or the Emergency Fleet Corporation, other than lump-sum contracts with the Navy Department, and to employees engaged in work in connection with Such contracts. The provisions of this decision apply only to yards and employees in yards under our jurisdiction as above defined; and not to private contracts or to em- ployees engaged in work in connection with Such con- tracts. * Seventeenth. The rates and other conditions prescribed in this decision, except as otherwise provided, shall be put into effect on or before Wednesday, May 1, 1918. V. EveRIT MACY, Chairman. LOUIs A. COOLIDGE. A. J. BERREs. Approved with the following reservations: In my opinion there should be a clear disavowal of any intention to impose the findings of the board upon ship- yards within which no disputes between the employer and employee have arisen resulting in the failure of at- tempts at mediation or conciliation between those di- rectly involved. The board, under the memorandum creating it, has no jurisdiction over such yards. It is established to meet a grave war emergency; and its ma- chinery should not be used by organizations of employers or employees to strengthen permanently such organiza- tions or to change working conditions in plants where labor controversies do not imperil effectiveness of opera- tion or impede production. - º LOUIs A. COOLIDGE. WASHINGTON, D. C., April 19, 1918. Amended June 28, 1918, p. 222. EXHIBIT A. lſinimum, ºrage Scºtle for journeymen, Speciftlists, helpers, and laborers in Specified crafts in Steel-Ship yards. Acetylene department : Rate por hour. Burnel's, first ClàSS____ $0.65 Burners, Second class . 60 Grinders —- . 50 Chippers . 50 Weldel's . 65 Helpers ºm º ºsmº º . 46 GREAT LAKES. • 199 Anglesmith department : Anglesmiths— IRate per hour. Heavy fires $0.87% Heavy fires helpers . 55 Other fires .72% Other fires helpers . 46 Furnace men on shapes and plates (Shipwork) ––––––– .82% Electric Welder . 65 Blacksmith shop : Halmmer and machine forgel's, heavy 1. 35 Heater . 55 Levermen or cranemen . 70 Helpers . 50 Halmmer runners, heavy . 55 BlackSmiths— Heavy fires .87% Heavy-fire helpers * . 55 Other fires . 72% Other-fire helpers . 46 Drop forgers . 70 Drop forgers' helpers . 50 POlt makers . 72% Bolt makers’ helpers . 46 Taborers . 40 Liner forgers . 55 Liner forgers' helpers * . 46 Boiler shop : j & BOiler makers . 70 Drillers (pneumatic) . 60 Holders-On . 50 Rivet heaters & . 40 Flange turners . 75 Helpers . 46 Slab furnace men . 75 Planer hands sº . 55 Bolting and liner department: BOltel'S___ . 50 } Iliner men__ . 54 . Helpers - . 42% 'Cement department: - Cennenters - . 50 Helpers * = . 42% Clipping and calking department: Tank testers . S0 Chippers and Calkers sº . 70 På Clkers . 50 Cleaning department: - Leader -* - . 55 Laborers * 40 e Coppersmith department: Coppersmiths . 72% Plumbers and pipe fitters . 72% Ashestos workers (pipe COverers) . 65 Helpers —- - - . 40 Drilling and reaming department: Drillers . 60 Reamers ----------------------- . 50 Iºkectricaſ department : Electricians, first class . T() Electricians, Second class . 65 Wiremen . 55 Joiners f . 70 Machinists, first class . 72% P[elpers ----- . 46 200 SEIIPBTJILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. * Erecting department : Rate per hour. Leading men $0.85 Marine erectors, first class . 72% Marine erectors, second class . 62% SpecialistS or handy men . 52 Heipers – - . 46 Fitting-up department: Fitters, first class s. 72% Fitters, second class ----- . 65 Regulators, first class- . 60 Regulators, second class . 52% Helpers * . 46 Foundry department: Molders .72% Cupola tenders_______ . 72% |Helpers - . 46 Hand and machine chippers . 50 Iaborers t - - . 40 Furnace department: Leaders . 673. Firemen and helpers . 55 Strikers ––––––– - - . 55 Hull engineering department: Marine erectors, first class .72% Marine erectors, Second class . 62% Specialists or handly men— . 52 Joinel's * . 70 Helper's . 46 Joiner department: Joiners-------------------------------------------- . 70 Machine men - . 70 Helpers --- - - - .42% Ilumber (lepartment : Machine men ––– . 65 Helpers . 42% Machine shop : Machinists, first class . 72% Machinists, Second class–––––––––––––––––––––––––––– . 62% Specialists or handy men . 52 Metal polishers, buffers, and platers . 70 Helpers . 46 Material labor department: Engineers, locomotive * - . 65 Operators, locomotive, cantilever, gantry, and other cranes of over 3 tons . 70 Operators, stiff-legged derricks (35 Hoisting and portable firemen . 50 LOCOmotiye ConductorS_ . 50 Iłoad-crane conductors ... 50 MO1(l loft : Gang leaders— . 85 I_OftSmen, first class .82% I/Oftsmen, second class_ . 72%. , Joiners . 70 Helpers . 42% Paint department: Paintel's and polishers . 60 Bitumastic painters 72% Helpers 42% Pattern shop : Pattern makers . 75 Laborers . 40 Rigging department : Marine leaders . 75 Marine liggers 62% Crane leaders GREAT LAKES. g 2 () i Rigging department—Continued. Rate per hour. Crame gang leaders $0.67% Cranemen (hook and chain fasteners) . 60 Erector leaders . 60 Erectors - . 50 Riveting department: - Rivet testers . 80 Stage builders . 57% Riveters . 70 Holders-On —- * . 50 Heater boys . 38 Passer boys . . 30 Helpers - . 46 Ship Carpenter department: Ship carpenters, first class . 70 Ship carpenters, second class–– - . 65 Helpers * - . 4G Ship shed department: Punchel'S . 55 Planer and Scarfer - . 55 Countersinkers . 55 Drillers (operators of drill presses) . 55 Bending rollers - . 70 Mangle rollers - –––– . 57% Pressmen, first class . 62% Pressmen, second class . 55 Offsetters - . 55 Sawyers_2 .47% Helpers . . 46 Ventilation department: Sheet-metal Workers - - . 70. Helpers . 46 All departments: - Layers out shall receive 3 cents an hour more than first-class journeymen in the same department. Laborers . 40 Minimum rates for employees in wooden Shipyards in addition to those Specified for Steel Shipyard S. . . . x :- Loftsmen, first class * == $0.82% Loftsmen Second Class . 72% Ship carpenters, first class . 70 Ship carpenters, second class . 65 Joiners --- * * - . 70 e Mill men . 70 sº od en-ship Calkers . 70 ITasteners - . 55 Reamers - . . 55 Offsetters------------------- - * — — — 3 . 55 Erectors___ .. . 55 Carpenters’ helpers . 46 Laborers - . 40 Oakum Spinners per bale__ 2.25 [May 2, 1918.] DECISION. AS TO WAGES, HQURS, AND QTHER...º is dº CONDITIONS IN SHIPYARDS (ABOUT THE *.* * * GREAT LAKES. - [Correcting decision of Apr. 19, 1918.] First. The shifting of employees from yard to yard, which we have found to be one of the most serious influ- ences retarding the progress of the shipbuilding industry, 202 SEIIPBTUILDING LABOR, ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. Amended May 8, 1918, p. 209. Amended June 28, 1918, p. 221. Amended 2, 1918, p. can only be checked effectively by making conditions uni- form over an entire competitive area. With the easy means of transportation about the Lakes, and from the Lakes to the Seaboard, the Great Lakes region now con- stitutes part of the same competitive area as the North Atlantic coast. This is demonstrated not only by the movement of employees from the shipyards of the Lake region to those of the Atlantic coast in response to higher wages but by the substantial uniformity in the wages paid in the yards—for example, of Buffalo, Cleveland, Detroit, and Chicago, and in those of Philadelphia and Baltimore—before our decision fixing the wage scale for the Delaware River and Baltimore districts was rendered on February 14. We have made a careful study of all of the evidence as to Wages and other conditions in the shipyards of the Great Lakes submitted at our hearings on April 8 to 10, and have come to the conclusion that sub- stantial justice will be done to all classes of employees if we establish for these yards the same wage scale, hours, and other regulations that we have established for the yards on the North Atlantic coast. This wage scale will advance substantially the Wages now paid in these yards to nearly all crafts; but to make certain that the wages of no individual employee will be reduced in consequence of the change we have inserted a provision (fourteenth) declaring expressly that such wages shall not be altered or affected by this decision. - Second. The hourly rates of wages and piece rates fixed by this award for the Great Lakes shipyards shall. be retroactive until April 1, except where otherwise agreed upon in Writing by the yard owners and their em- ployees prior to April 1, the date on which wage changes were made effective in these yards with the authorization of the Emergency Fleet Corporation. To determine the back pay due to an employee on the hourly wage system, the new hourly wage fixed by the board is to be multiplied by the total number of hours which such employee worked from the retroactive date until the date when the new wage Scale was put into effect. From the product thus determined the total wage, including premiums and bonuses of every kind which the employee received for his work, is to be deducted. The balance constitutes the back pay to which he is en- jºy titled. In determining the total number of hours of employment, hours counted and paid for as overtime when the original payment was made, are to be counted as overtime at the established rating in calculating earn- ings at the new rate of Wages, but all other hours are to be calculated as straight time. The back pay of piece- workers shall be the difference between their earnings at piecework from March 31, or other retroactive date, until the rates established by this award are made effective at the piece rates when prevailing and the earnings which GREAT LAKES. 203 they would have received had the piece rates established by this decision been in operation. The back pay due to both day Workers and pieceworkers shall be paid at the earliest date at which the elaborate calculations neces- Sary to their determination can be completed and ap- proved by the auditing department. Third. As regards hours of employment, we prescribe the following rules for all of the shipyards of the district covered by this award: (1) Eight hours shall constitute a day’s work from Monday to Saturday, inclusive: Provided, That during the months of June, July, and August the working day on Saturdays shall be four hours. †. (2) Work on ship construction in excess of these pe- riods on any week day shall be counted as overtime and paid for at the rate of time and one-half time. (3) Work on ship construction on Sundays and the following holidays shall be paid for at the rate of double time: New Year's Day, Washington's Birthday, Decora- tion Day, Fourth of July, Tabor Day, Thanksgiving Day, and Christmas Day, and a half holiday on State and National election days. (4) Repair work upon or for vessels undergoing re- pair in excess of the stated periods on any Week day, as well as on Sundays and the specified holidays, shall be counted as overtime and paid for at the rate of double time. (5) Men employed on the night shift shall receive compensation 5 per cent higher than is paid to those employed on the day shift. (6) The night shift is defined as a shift the majority of the hours of which fall within the period from 7 p. m. to 7 a. m. Overtime hours worked by employees on a day shift shall not be considered hours on the night j 3. Ruling, Ju 1 18, p. 222. Amended May 18, p. 210. Amended Aug. shift. The bonus to employees on the night shift shall 19, igiš, p. 337. be a 5 per cent addition to the hourly wage for all hours worked, overtime as well as straight time. The extra compensation for overtime is in addition to the bonus and is not to be included in the sum used in calculating the bonus due to employees. (7) Work in excess of 12 hours a day or 60 hours a week for any employee shall not be permitted, except when ordered by the Navy Department or the Emer- gency Fleet Corporation, or to protect life or property from imminent danger. - Our purpose in prescribing the maximum daily and weekly working period is to discourage a resort to ex- cessive overtime, which leads to inefficiency and tends to result not only in increased costs but lessened produc- tion. We wish also to encourage the introduction of the two and three shift systems. The feasibility of working two or three eight-hour shifts in shipbuilding plants has been conclusively demonstrated and we urge the ship- 204 SEIIRBUILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. Amended May 8, 1918, p. 210. yards of this district to take immediate steps looking toward the introduction of additional shifts in their yards. In introducing additional shifts fullest use. should be made of daylight hours. Where this calls for . changes in train schedules or other transportation ar- rangements, the assistance of the Transportation Divi- sion of the Fleet Corporation should be called for. We believe that extra shifts are entirely practicable even for repair yards since such yards, during the war, have been and probably will be continuously employed to their full capacity. - Fourth. The shipyard owners are directed to cooperate with employees in making effective the following rules. with reference to machinery for the settlement of indus- trial disputes: (1) The employees of each craft or calling in a shop. or yard shall have the right to select three of their num- ber to represent them as members of a shop committee. Each member of this committee shall be chosen by ma-. jority vote through Secret ballot in such manner as the employees may direct. The chairman of each shop com- mittee shall be a member of a joint shop committee. (2) When a grievance arises it shall be taken up by the craft or laborers’ committee, with the foreman or general foreman. In the event the grievance has not been adjusted, it shall then be taken up by the joint shop committee, first with the superintendent, and then, failing a settlement, with the higher officials of the com- pany. If the matter can not be adjusted between the joint shop committee and these officials, the joint shop committee shall have the right to call into conference a representative chosen by the committee. In case such conference fails to result in a satisfactory adjustment, the grievance shall be submitted to the examiner to be appointed by the Shipbuilding Labor Adjustment Board, as provided in the memorandum of December 8, 1917, creating this board. (3) Any committeeman appointed hereunder who shall be found to have been discharged without just or suffi- cient cause, after due investigation in the manner herein provided for the adjustment of grievances, shall be re- instated with full pay for all time lost. Fifth. The question of employing apprentices shall be taken up for adjustment in the manner provided here- in for the adjustment of grievances. * Sixth. Believing that in this national emergency past differences between employers and employees must be forgotten in the common determination to produce the maximum possible number of ships, the board will not tolerate any discrimination either on the part of em- ployers or employees between union and nonunion men. Seventh. Employees shall be paid at least once a fort- night on the company's time, and in no case shall more than five days’ pay be held back. GREAT LAKES. 205 Eighth. Any employee laid off or discharged shall within 24 hours receive all wages due him. Ninth. No employee shall be required by the employ- ing shipyard to pay any assessment for insurance, medi- cal attendance, or other benefits. . Tenth. Competent medical first aid shall be provided for employees requiring such aid and paid for by the employer. Eleventh. Shipyard owners are directed to provide for their employees adequate and sanitary toilets, Washing facilities, and pure drinking water, properly cooled dur- ing the Summer months. g & Twelfth. The minimum rates of Wages to be paid to Amended June different classes of employees by all of the shipyards of * * * * the Great Lakes district under our jurisdiction shall be those set forth in the schedule appended hereto (Exhibit ºhibit A. P. A), which is made a substantive part of this award. " Where more than one rate is prescribed for the em- Amended July ployees of any craft, such employees are to be paid the *...* . rate prescribed for the class to which they belong and 5, 1918, p. 223. not some intermediate rate; provided, that this shall not be interpreted to prohibit an employer from paying more than the minimum rate prescribed for first-class journey- men to individual employees of special proficiency. Thirteenth. In certain departments, for example, the gº º department of riveting and chipping and calking, we “” ” “ have found a preference for the piece-wage system on the º part, not only of employers, but also of the workers them- Selves. To Secure uniformity in the piece rates paid on Amended Sept. the Delaware River district we caused conferences to be * * * * held between representatives of the shipyards and of the piece rate crafts in that district which resulted in the uniform piece rate scale appended hereto. Since these rates were designed to correspond with the hourly rates ... “Black Book” prescribed for the different occupations in this decision ; º; ; and seem adapted to conditions in the shipyards of the Great Lakes district, we direct that the piece rates paid . in these yards be those published in the standard piece sº º rate book appended to this decision and made a substan- " " " " " " tive part thereof. Fourtéenth. Hourly or weekly rates of wages now be-, Ruling, June ing paid to individual employees in excess of the mini- * * * * mum rates fixed are in no wise altered or affected by the establishment of these rates. Fifteenth. Rates of wages for occupations not covered by this decision shall be reported to the examiner, who shall satisfy himself through consultation with the yard owners and the employees affected as to the fairness of the rates suggested and report a recommendation for their confirmation or modification by this board. The board may on the basis of such report and recommenda- tion determine a uniform minimum rate for each such Occupation. 206 SHIPBUILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. Sixteenth. Under the rulings of the Navy Department and the United States Shipping Board Emergency Fleet Corporation the jurisdiction of this board is limited to shipyards which have direct contracts with the Navy Department or the Emergency Fleet Corporation, other than lump sum contracts with the Navy Department, and to employees engaged in work in connection with Such contracts. The provisions of this decision apply only to yards and employees in yards under our jurisdiction as above defined and not to private contracts or to em- ployees engaged in work in connection with such con- tracts. * Seventeenth. The rates and other conditions prescribed in this decision, except as otherwise provided, shall be put into effect on or before Wednesday, May 1, 1918. W. EvKRIT MACY, Chairman. LOUIS A. COOLIDGE. A. J. BERREs. Approved with the following reservation: In my opinion there should be a clear disavowal of any intention to impose the findings of the board upon shipyards within which no disputes between employer and employees have arisen resulting in the failure to at- tempts at mediation or conciliation between those di- rectly involved. The board, under the memorandum creating it, has no jurisdiction over such yards. It is established to meet a grave War emergency, and its ma- chinery should not be used by Organizations of employers or employees to strengthen permanently such organiza- tions or to change working conditions in plants where labor controversies do not imperil effectiveness of opera- tion or impede production. LOUIS A. CooDIDGE. WASHINGTON, D. C., April 19, 1918. EXEIIBIT A. Minimum wage scale for journeymen, Specialists, helpers, and laborers in Specified crafts in Steel-ship yards. Acetylene department : Rate per hour. Purners, first Class $0.65 Burners, Second Class . 60 Grindlel'S . 50 Chippers . 50 Weldel'S . 65 Helpers . 46 Anglesmith department: w Anglesmiths— Heavy fires .87% Heavy-fire helpers . 55 Other fires . 72% Other fire helpers . 46 Furnace men on shapes and plates (ship work) –––––– .82% Electric welder --- - . 65 GREAT LAKES. 207 Blacksmith shop : Rate per hour. Hammer and machine forgel's, heavy $1.35 Heater . 55 Level’man Ol' Clºane men . 70 Helpel'S - . 50 Hannmer runners, heavy . . 55 BlackSmithS— Heavy fires –––––– .87% Heavy-fire helpers . 55 Other files . 72% Other fire helpel'S -... . 46 Drop forgel's . 70 Drop forgers' helpers . 50 |Boltınlakel's . 72% Boltmakers’ helpers . 46 Iaborers . 40 Iliner forgel's . 55 Iliner forgers' helpers .46 Boiler shop : BOiler makers . 70 Drillers (pneumatic) . 60 |HolderS-On . 50 Rivet heaterS . 40 Flange turners _ . 75 Helpel'S ---- . 46 Slab furnace men. . 75 Planel hands . 55 Bolting and liner department: Bolters . 50 Linemen –––– . 54 Helpers . 42% Cement department: Cementers . 50 . Helpers .42% Chipping and Calking department: Tank testers . 80 Chippers and CalkerS . 70 Packers . 50 Cleaning department: Leader .55 Laborers . 40 Coppersmith department: - Coppersmiths . 72} Plumbers and pipe fitters . 72%. AsbestOS WOrkers (pipe COverers) . 65 Helpers . 46 Drilling and reaming department : Drillel'S . 60 Realmers . 50 Electrical department: Electricians, first class . 70 Electricians, Second Class , 65 Wiremen . 55 Joiners . 70 Machinists, first class . 72%. Helpers - . 46 Erecting department: Leading men . 85 Marine erectors, first class . 723. Marine erectors, Second Class . 62%. Specialists or handy men 52 Helpers . 46 Fitting-up department: Fitters, first-class . 72%. Fitters, second class . 65 Regulators, first-class . 60 Regulators, second class–––– 52%. Helpers . 46 208 SHIPBUILDING LABOR. ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. Foundry department : Moldler's Rate per hour. Cupola tenders-- Helpers Pſand and machine Chippers Laborers Furnace department: Leaders Firemen and helpers Strikers--------- - - - Hull engineering department : Marine erectors, first Class Marine erectors, second class Specialists or handy men JOinel'S EHelpers Joiner department : Machine men Helpers ----- Lumber department: Machine Innen Helpers Machine shop : Machinists, first class Machinists, Second class Specialists or handly men______ Metal polishers, buffers, and platers Helpers •= -s amº -º Material labor department : Engineers, locomotive Operators, locomotive, Cantilever, gantry, and other Cranes Of Over 3 tons Operators, stiff-legged derricks Hoisting and portable firemem TIOcomotive Conductors Road-Crane COInductOTS MO1(l IOft : Gang leaders —- TOftsmen, first class LOftsmen, Second class Joiners------ Helpers Paint department: Painters and polishers Bitumnastic painters Helpers Pattern shop : Pattern makers___ Laborers Rigging department: Maline leadel'S Marine riggers Crane leadel'S Crane gang leaders Cranemen (hook and chain fasteners) Elector leadel'S Erectol’s Riveting department: Rivet testerS Stage builders Riveters HolderS-On Heater boys Passer boys Helpers $0.72% . 723 . 46 GREAT LAKES. 209 Ship Carpenter department: . . Rate per hour. Ship carpenters, first class $0.70 Ship carpenters, Second class . 65 Helpers . t . 46 Ship shed départment: Punchers - . 55 Planer and Scarfer . 55 Countersinkers . 55 Drillers (Operators of drill presses) . 55 Bending rollers . 70 Mangle rollers . 57% Pressmen, first class . 62% PreSSmen, Second Class . 55 Offsetters . 55 Sawyers . 47% Helpers –––– . 46 Ventilation department: Sheet metal workers . 70 Helpers . 46 All departments: - Layers Out Shall receive 3 cents an hour more than first-class journeymen in the same department. Laborers . 40 Minimum rates for employees im, wooden-ship yards in addition to those Specified for steel-ship. yards. Loftsmen, first class -------- * $0.82% LOftSmen, Second Class g Ship Carpenters, first Class Ship carpenters, Second class -- . 65 JOinel'S . 70 Millmen . 70 Calkers . 70 FaStenerS * * * . 55 Realmers . 55 Offsetters . 55 Erectors- . 55 Carpenters’ helpers . 46 Laborers . 40 Oakum spinners - per bale - 2.25 PIECE RATES OTHER AMENDMENTS. May 8, 1918. General Letter to All Yards. Owing to unexpected and unavoidable delay in secur- ing an examiner for the Great Lakes district, we have decided to modify certain provisions for our decision of April 19, applying to your yard. We, therefore, direct you: (1) To put into immediate operation the piece rates 16% prescribed in the accompanying piece-rate book. (2) To calculate and pay the back pay due to piece- workers from April 1 (or other retroactive date) to the date when these rates become effective, on the basis of the difference between these rates and the rates you were actually paying such pieceWorkers during this period. (3) To pay pieceworkers for overtime one and one- half times or double these piece rates, corresponding to the time and one-half or double time prescribed for over- time in the decision. - 89811—22—14 - ng, S p. Wood en-ship .72% yards. . 70 - Amended June 21, 1918, p. 211. ept. 224. 210 SEIIRBTUILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. (4) To substitute for the method of determining “hours on the night shift" prescribed in section 3 (6) of the decision of April 19, the following, which is to be made the uniform regulation for all shipyards: The night shift is defined as a shift the majority of the hours of which fall within the period from 7 p. m. to 7 a. m. Overtime hours worked by employees on a day shift shall not be considered hours on the night shift. The bonus on the night shift shall be a 5 per cent addition to the hourly wage for all hours worked, over- time as well as straight time. The extra compensation for overtime is in addition to the bonus and is not to be made a basis for calculating the amount of bonus. (5) To continue until further notice your practice of paying your employees every fortnight. This does not relieve you from the obligation to pay off your men on the company’s time and to withhold no more than five days’ pay when so paying off. One purpose of requiring payment to be made on the company’s time is to insure that there shall not be undue delay in connection with such payment. The board will not permit loitering on the part of the men in connection with the receipt of their pay, and believe that if proper methods are fol- lowed by the yards and due promptness displayed by the men the entire force employed in any one of the Great Lakes yards can be paid off with a loss of time for each group of employees of not over 15 or 20 minutes. This belief is based on knowledge of what large shipyards in other parts of the country are doing—by providing some dozen pay windows and paying off the men in different departments on three different days instead of all upon one day. One yard on the Atlantic coast pays off each of the groups of 4,000 men into which its force is divided in 10 minutes. If complaint is made of un- reasonable delays in paying off, investigation will be made through our examiner and steps taken to provide the necessary remedies. After giving careful consideration to the reasons urged by you for modifying sections fourth and fifth of the de- cision, we have decided that we will not be justified in making any changes in these provisions. We believe that the shop committees provided for Will, when fully estab- lished, and functioning under the guidance of our exam- iner, prove in your yard, as they have proved elsewhere, a means of settling disputes in their incipient stages, and of preventing the stoppages of industry which have been so disastrous to other branches of the war program. ASBESTOS WORKERS. May 16, 1918. Board to All Yards. Please add to the wage scale established for your yard the following new occupation and wage rate, to be ef- fective from the date on which you receive this notice. GREAT IAICES. 211 “Asbestos workers (pipe coverers), rate per hour, $0.65.” OWERTIME_REPAIR WORK AND RECONSTRUCTION . WO REC. June 13, 1918. Board to Examiner. Board confirms your impression that overtime in a repair yard or dry dock should be compensated at double time. It would cause endless confusion to draw a dis- tinction between repair work and reconstruction work in connection with overtime. OVERTIME_PRIVATE VERSUS GOVERNMENT REPAIRS. June 14, 1918. Board to American Shipbuilding Co. We fear that you may have trouble in trying to pay part of your men time and a half for overtime and others double time; but that is for you to work out so long as you comply with the ruling of the board that double time is to be paid on Government repair work, and see to it that Government work is not held up by labor troubles growing out of your attempt to continue to pay only time and a half on private work. - PIECE RATES. June 19, 1918. Board to Examiner. The provision of section XIV was not intended and does not apply to piece rates; but only to hourly or weekly rates. Our experience convinces us that the piece- rate schedule must be considered as a whole, and that cuts in individual rates are often desirable to make it satisfactory to all the piece workers to which it applies. PIECE RATES_FITTERS AND RIVETERS. June 21, 1918. Board to Examiner (Great Lakes). Objection having been raised to the application of the asſº.º. Black Book Delaware River piece rates of February 25, . Also Šej, 16, 1918, in the Great Lakes District, after a conference, the * * * following piece rates for riveters and fitters were author- ized for the Great Lakes district. Other Black Book rates were not disturbed. 212 SHIPBUILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. FITTING-UP DEPARTMENT. Piece-rate scale for fitters in Great Lakes shipyards. FCEEL. º Description. Operation. Price 1 | Keel plate.------------------------------ Molded.--------------------- $1.25 2 - - - - - do---------------------------------- Marked for furnace, molded. . 75 3 - - - - - do---------------------------------- Marked for ſurnace, lifted.... 6.00 4 ----- do---------------------------------- (Furnaced) marked in place. 2.25 5 |----- do---------------------------------- (Box) marked in place...... 2.25 6 |- - - - - do---------------------------------- Butt Straps----------------- . 30 7 - - - - - do---------------------------------- Liners----------------------- .45 8 |-----do---------------------------------- Bars, per foot. -------------. .03% 9 | Bilge keel------------------------------- Plate lifted.----------------- 1.25 10 - - - - - do---------------------------------- Bars lifted per foot... . . . . . . . . 05 11 Keel butt straps------------------------- olded--------------------- . 30 | SEHELL 12 Shell plate------------------------------ Molded---------------------- $1.00 13 |- - - - - do---------------------------------- Liſted.---------------------- 2.50 14 | Boss plate------------------------------- Marked for furnace. . . . . . . . . . 1.00 15 - - - - - do---------------------------------- Marked in place------------- 3.00 16 | Shell butt straps------------------------|------------------------------ . 75 17 | Shell liners.----------------------------- Paralleled (molded). . . . . . . . . .04 18 Shell liners, Seam- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Tapered (liſted. -- . . . . . . . . . . . - 15 19 | Shell liners, frame.----------------------|--|-- -do---------------------- . 10 20 || All other, tapered parallel... . . . . . . . . . . . . Liners, liſted and placed..... .08 BUILWARK. 21 | Bulwark brace angle. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Per 100---------------------- $0.10 22 | Bulwark brackets. -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Forecastle deck, lifted. . . . . . . . 75 23 | Bulwark rail---------------------------- Lifted, per foot... ----------. . 06 24 . . . . . 0- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Molded channel... - - - - - - - - - - .04 25 | Bulwark clips.-------------------------- Stern clips, per piech fied... . 03 & * ifted. -- . 20 26 Bulwark frame. -- ----------------------- Liners freeingports.{j - . 10 27 | Forecastle deck...-- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - IBulwark brackets, lifted.... . 75 28 Shell chocks----------------------------- Liſted.---------------------- . 20 29 | Panting deck Shell chocks---------------|-----------------------------. . 08 30 | Bulwark stanchion clips... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Liſted.---------------------- . 15 31 | Bulwark stanchion beading. . . . . . . . . . . . . Molded---------------------- .02 32 |- - - - - 0- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Lifted.---------------------- . 06 33 | Stern beading--------------------------. Lifted, per foot.------------. . 15 \ TANIK TOP. 34 C. V. K.-------------------------------- Molded.--------------------- $1.25 35 | Tank-top rider plate---------------------|----. do---------------------- 1.25 36 Tank-top margin plate. -----------------|------------------------------ . 75 37 | Tank-top margin plate for planging------| Molded..... -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - . 40 38 Tank-top plate--------------------------|-----do---------------------- 1.00 39 |. . . . . do---------------------------------- Lifted.---------------------. 1, 75 40 | Tank-top rider doubler... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . do---------------------- 1. 75. 41 -- . . . do--------------------------------- - Molded. ------------------- 1.00 42 | Floor plate. -----------------------------|----. do---------------------- . 45 43 || C. V. K., intercostal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Forward and aft. . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 44 || Side keelson, intercostal... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Punching------------------- . 12% 45 - - - - - 0--- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Marking for flanging.... . . . . . . 10 46 | Tank-top butt Straps, liſted.-------------|-----------------------...----. . 75 47 Tank-top margin... - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Brackets for punching... . . . . .07% 48 |- - - - - do---------------------------------- Brackets for flanging. . . . . . . .07% 49 Tank top bilge gusset brackets. . . . . . . . . . Liſted.---------------------- . 30 50 || C. V. K. top bar.... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Molded, per foot...... . . . . . . . .03% 51 || C. V. K. vert stiffeners. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Molded, per piece. . . . . . . . . . . .04 52 S. K. Vert stiffeners. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Molded, in piece...... . . . . . . . .04 53 Bottom floor bar angle and channel. . . . . Molded, per piece... . . . . . . . . .25 54 || Top floor bar angle and channel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . do---------------------- . 20 55 | Reverse frames full frame channel. . . . . . . . . . . -C10- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - . 40 56 | T. T. margin bars..... -----------------. Molded, per foot.----. . . . . . . . .02% 57 - - - - - do---------------------------------- ifted.---------------------- . 06 58 | InterCostal bars. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Molded, per piece. . . . . . . . . . . . 04 59 | T. T. Shell side clips. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . do---------------------- .04 60 | T. T. margin clips... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . do---------------------- . 04 GREAT LAICES. 213 Piece-rate Scale for fitters in Great Lakes Shipyards—Continued. D]ECK. . ſº Description. Operation. Price 61 | Deck plates...-------------------------- Lifted.---------------------- $1.50 62 - - - - - 0 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - jº e sº s = * is sº * = e º sº as ºr sº º sº * * * 1.00 63 |- - - - - do---------------------------------- Molded. . . . .---------------- . 55 64 || Forecastle, bridge, and poop deck plates. Molded, per plate........... . 55 65 Poop deck F and A intercostal. . . . . . . . . . Per plate-------------------- . 12% 66 || Main deck butt Straps.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lifted, per plate............ . 75 67 | Steering engine foundation plate. . . . . . . . Molded, per plate. . . . . . . . . . . - 40 68 | Deck gunwale bar.----------------------|------------------------------ .02% 69 || Beast hook gun bar..... -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Per piece........ • - - - - - - - - - - - - - - . 50 70 || Deck Waterway bar. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Per foot--------------------- . 02 71 | Deck and transom bar. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3% by 3% per 100. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 72 | Crews quarters bar.... ------------------ (Bot) liſted per foot. . . . . . . . . . 05 73 | Poop deck F. and A. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Per foot --------------------- .02 74 || Poop deck face bar.-- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - do-------------- .* * * * * * * * .02 75 | Panting deck bosom bar. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . do---------------------- . 03 76 || Main deck beam clips. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Per piece------------------- . 03 BTJLIKEIEAD. 77 | Bulkhead plate...... ------------------. Stripped. ------------------- $1.00 78 |- - - - - do---------------------------------- Liſted.---------------------- 1.50 79 - - - - - 0 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Molded--------------------- . 60 80 l Bulkhead doubler-----------------------|------------------------------ . 50 81 | Bulkhead coam plate. . . . . .-------------|------------------------------ . 40 82 | Bulkhead shell brackets.... -- . . . . . . . . . . . Liſted.---------------------- . 60 83 - - - - - do----------------------------------- Molded--------------------- . 15 84 | Shaft tunnel stiffener (all Way)----------|- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - . 35 85 | Shaſt tunnel plate-----------------------|-----------------------------" - . 50 86 | Thrust recess plate.---------------------|------------------------------ . 50 87 | Bulkhead bracket angles lifted. . . . . . . . . . Per piece-------------------- . 09 88 | Shaft tunnel bar. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Per foot.------------- '- - - - - - - .02% 89 | Bulkhead channel Stiffener. . . . . . . . . . . . . . [- - - - - do---------------------- .01% 90 | Bulkhead angle Stiſſener. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . do---------------------- .01% 91 | Bulkhead bar...------------------. . . . . . TT bar and Dk bars, foot.... .02% 92 | Bulkhead bracket stiffener. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Molded, per piece. . . . . . . . . . . . 06 93 || Bulkhead door angle, lifted. . . . . . . . . . . . . Per foot.------------------- .08 94 | Shell bulkhead clips. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Molded, per piece. . . . . . . . . . . .04 95 | Bulkhead bracket clips. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lifted, per piece. . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 96 | Bulkhead deck clips. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Molded. ------------------- .04_ 97 |. . . . . 0 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Liſted.----------------------- . 15 98 Center line bulkhead clips------------...------------------------------ .04 99 | Bulkhead T. T. Clips--------------------|------------------------------ .04 100 | Captain's bath room plate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lifted.---------------------. 1, 50 HATCHIES. 101 || Hatch trough plate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Molded. -------------------- $0.50 102 || Hatch end plate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ---do------------------------ . 50 103 || Side hatch Coaming plate................ ------------------------------ . 50 104 || Hatch Carrier beam plate, molded.------|----...----------------------- . 30 105 || Hatch carrier beam plate doublers. . . . . . Per piece-------------------- . 02 106 || Deck girder...-------------------------. Molded--------------------- . 50 107 | End deck girder plate or deep beam..... ---do ------------------------ 30 108 || Hatch coaming brackets. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ---do ------------------------ . 10 109 || Hatch girder bar............ . . . . . . . . . . . . Per foot.------------------- .02 110 || Hatch corner bar-beading. ... . . . . . . . . . . . Lifted, per piece. . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 111 | Hatch coaming bar. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Molded, per foot. . . . . .------ .02% 112 || Hatch coaming top and bottom angle. . . . . . . . do---------------------. .02% 113 | Hatch carrier beam bar................ . . . . . . do ---------------------- .01% 114 | Hatch Coaming bracket clips............ Molded, per piece. . . . . . . . . . . . 03 115 | Hatch carrier clips...................... Per piece - - - - - - ------------- . 03 116 || Hatch cover corner clips. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (Liſted) plate collar. . . . . . . . . . 50 117 | Hatch Coaming beading... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mold, per foot--------------. . 02 214 SHIPBUILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. Piece-rate scale for fitters in Great Lakes shipyards—Continued. DECKHOUSES. Item D § -- d. 3 * * g No. eScription. Operation. Price 118 Bridge deckhouse plate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Molded--------------------- $0.40 119 || Poop deckhouse plate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . do---------------------- . 40 120 | Chart house plates. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . do---------------------- . 40 121 | Chart house plate above doors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . do. . . . .----------------- 10 122 | Chart house butt straps. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . do---------------------- 15 123 | Chart house tie Straps... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . do--------------------- . 10 124 Deck house beam bracket. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . do---------------------- . 06 125 | Deck house builwark Fº * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * : * * * * = do---------------------- . 40 126 || Deck house bulwark butt straps.........] I,iſted... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 127 | Bridge deckhouse roof plate.............'.............................. . 40 128 || Deck house tie trough and stringer plate-/. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 129 | Bridge deck house beams....... . . . . . . . . Per full beam . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 130 | Flying bridge deck beams. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . do---------------------- . 55 131 i Chart house beams. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . do---------------------- . 55 132 | Boat deck beams........................!..... do---------------------- . 55 133 || Deck house coaming bar. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Per foot--------------------- .02% 134 Deck house F. and A. bar. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . do---------------------- . 03 135 | Flying bridge bar...... ------...........|... . . O - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - .02% 136 | Flying bridge stanchion bar. . . . . . . . . . . . . Per foot, liſted. . . . . . . . . . . .º .04 137 | Chart house bulwark bar T. and B . . . . . . Per foot, molded. . . . . . . . . . . . .02% 138 || Bridge deck house bar furnace. . . . . . . . . . Mold.----------------------- . 03 139 - - - - - 0 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Liſted.----------------------- . . 06 140 Bridge deck house bottom bar furnace... Molded. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 03 141 | Captain's bathroom bar.---------------- Liſted, per foot-------------- . 10 142 |..... 0--- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ſolded. ... ----------------- . 03 143 | Boat deck bar. -------------------------- Liſted.---------------------- . 06 144 - - - - - do----------------------------------- Molded. . . . .---------------- . 03 145 | Poop deck house bar. -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Lifted, per foot-------------. . 06 146 - - - - - O--- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Molded, per foot............. . 03 147 | Coaling hatch bar. ...------------------- Liſted, per foot.------------- . 10 148 |... . . do----------------------------------- Molded, per foot............. . 05 149 || Deck C. B. Collar. --...-------............ Molded, per piece........... . 40 150 | Chart house Collar-----------------------|..... do -------------------- . 40 151 | Deck house, Stiffencrbar. --------------. Molded, per foot.------------ . 02 152 | Chart house B. W. Stiſſenor bar ..... . . . . . . . . . do ---------------------- . 03 153 | Deck house clips-----------------------. Per piece.------------------- . 03 MACETINERY. 154 Machinery Casing plate---------------... Per piece.------------------- $0.50 155 Machinery angle.------------------------ Per foot, top and bottom. - - - .02% 156 Machinery casing roof platc.------------. Large plates, per piece - - - - - - . 50 157 | Machinery Casing Coam bar.............. Per foot--------------------- .02% 158 Machinery casing F. and A. bar..... ----|----. do.---------------------- . 03 159 Machinery Casing collar.................. Per piece-------------------- . 40 160 Machinery Casing stiflenor bar. . . . . . . . . . . Per foot--------------------- . 02 161 | Machinery Casing clips. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Per piece.------------------- . 03 162 | Machinery Casing beams... -- - - - - - - - - - - - - Molded.--------------------- . 55 ENGINE FOUNDATIONS. 163 | Engine foundation plates........ - - - - - - - - Molded.--------------------- $0.50 164 Engine ſoundation plates, intercostal.l.... do.................. ------ . 06 and bracketS. 165 | Engine ſoundation angle ... ------------- Per foot--------------------- . 03 166 | Engine room floor bar... ---------------- Per foot, lifted..... --------- ... 10 167 | Engine room girder Stiſſener............. Molded, each---------------- .04 168 Engine girder bracket clips.............. Liſted.---------------------- . 20 169 | Engine girder bracket ------------------- Molded........* - - - - - - - - - - - - - - . 05 |BOILER SADDI,ES. 170 | Boiler Saddle plate. ... ------------------- Marking plate.-------------- $0.50 171 | Boiler Saddle brackets................... olded.--------------------- .07% 172 | Boiler Saddle clips....------------------- Per foot--------------------- . 03 VENTILATORS. 173 || Round Vent plates...................... Molded.... ------------------ $0.50 174 || Round Vent plates doubling...'........... . . . . . do----------------------- . 20 GREAT LARES. Picce-rate scale for fitters in Great Lakes shipyards—Continued. FRESEI-WATER, TANIKS. Igº Description. Operation. Price. .175 | Fresh-water tank bar... ----------------- Per ſoot.-------------------- $0.03 176 | Fresh-water tank plate..... -- - - - - - - - - - - - Each.----------------------- . 35 177 | Fresh-water tank brackets..............!..... do---------------------* = .06 SPARS AND KING POSTS. 178 || Sparbutt straps------------------------- Molded.--------------------- $0.15 179 || Spar doubler plate. . . . . -----------------|------------------------------ . 40 180 | Ring post foundation angle.............. Per foot----------- $ = • * * * * * * * . 03 181 || King post plate. ... ---------------------- Round---------------------- . 40 182 |..... do----------------------------------- Square, Short. . . . ----------- . 40 183 || King post edge plate. . ... --------------- Round post.---------------- . 40 184 || King post butt straps. ...---------------|------------------------------ . 15 185 | King post liners-------------------------|------------------------------ . 15 186 || King post doubler plate. ---------------- Round---------------------- . 40 187 | - - - - - 0- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Square---------------------- . 40 188 || King post angle ------------------------- | Per foot--------------------- .03. Spar plate-------------------------------|------------------------------ . 40 189 || Spar doubling liners.--------------------|------------------------------ . 15 MISCELLANEOUS. 190 | BOSom pieces.--------------------------- Liſted.---------------------- $0. 40 191 Collars---------------------------------- Molded, miscellaneous.... --. . 40 192 . . . . . do---------------------------------- iſted.---------------------- . 75 193 | Chain locker clips. ---------------------- Liſted or molded.----------- . 30 194 | Chain locker channel..... ---------...--- 6-inch per foot.----...-------- . 07 Plate------------------------------------|------------------------------ . 50 FRAMES. 196 || Cant floor plate.------------------------- Molded.--------------------- $0.25. 197 | Swash plate-----------------------------|----- do----------------------- . 50 198 || Chain locker plate. ----------------------|----- do.---------------------- . 50 199 |..... 0- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Liſted.---------------------- 1. 25 200 | Belt plate.------------------------------|------------------------------ i. 35 201 || Breast hook.----------------------------|------------------------------ . 40 202 | Transom floor plate completc.-----------|------------------------------ . 50 203 | Deck beam brackets.-------------------------------------------------- . 06 204 || Hatch beam brackets--------------------|------------------------------ . 06 205 | Stringer brackets.-----------------------|------------------------------ . 06 206 | Side frame dead flat channel.... ---------|------------------------------ . 40 207 || Side frame (ſurnaced channel).----------|------------------------------ . 50 208 || Bulkhead (ſurnaced). -------------------|------------------------------ . 50 209 | Short frames above deck, furnaced . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 210 | Short frames above deck, Straight. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 211 | Cant frames-----------------------------|------------------------------ . 30 212 | Swash-platestiſtener. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Perfoot--------------------. . 02 213 | Chain-locker Stiftener... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . do---------------------- . 02 214 | Side-girder clips...................... --- Per piece.------------------- . 03 215 || Main-deck bracket clips. ----------------|------------------------------ . 03 216 || Main-deck side-girder clips. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Per piece...... -------------- . 03 217 | Stern post (if in more than one section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.00 laid out complete). 218 Stern post–One piece laid out complete . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3. 50 219 || Stem-laid out complete----------------|------------------------------ 2.50 220 | Deck beams, including cant beams . . . . . Per beam. ------------------ . 55 221 | Cant beams-----------------------------|------------------------------ . 40 222 || Hatch beams, 10-inch channel. . . . . . . . . . . Per piece...------------------ : 55 STIRINGERS. 223 | Panting-deck Stringer, liſted. ...........|.............................. $1.50 224 | Panting-deck stringer, molded..........|...........: ................... . 55 225 | Pillar plate.............................. Tic per piece................ . 05 225 | Stânchion brackets............ . . . . . . . . . . Per picce:... ---------------- . 10 227 | Pillar foot brackets. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Liſted per piece. ............ . 40 228 |. . . . . do----------------------------------. Moldod per piece. . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 229 || Hatch-pillars channel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Per foot..................... . 03 230 | Engine-room pillar channel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . do---------------------- . 03 216 SEIIL’BTUILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. - Piece-rate Scale for fitters in Great Lakes Shipyards—Continued. * INSERTS. º Description. Operation. Price. 231 Strong beam brackets, if cut out for beam-| Per piece... . . . . . . . . . . ....... $0.45 232 | Strong beam brackets, plain.------------|------------------------------ . 25 233 || Main-deck girder clips. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Per piece.------------------- ... 10 RIVETING, JUNE 21, 1918. Piece rottes—Riveting—Great Lalces district. t KEELS. * º Description. Size Rate 3-inch....... $13.00 1 || Between collision bulkhead and stem. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .|{{-inch....... 13.00 1-inch....... 13.00 - 3-inch. . . . . . . 7.00 2 | Between collision and aft peak bulkhead. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . #-inch-...--- 7.00 1-inch....... 7. 00 3 | Keel and shell under tunnel recess aſt. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - #: : § % #-inch. . . . . . . 15.00 4 || Between aft bulkhead and stern post. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . §-inch. . . . . . . 15.00 1 inch....... 15.00 #-inch....... 7.00 5 | Seams between collision and aft peak bulkhead.......... §-inch. . . . . . . 7.00 I inch------- 7. 00 º 3-inch. ------ 7. 00 6 | Bars between collision and aft peak bulkhead. . . . . . . . . . . §-inch. . . . . . . 7. 00 linch.------ 7.00 SEIELL. #-inch------- $3.00 7 | Bottom up to bilge seam tank, top off - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - #. : ; § - 1 inch. . . . . . . 4.50 * §-inch--..... 3.00 3-i º 8 Sides up to shear strake. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T* = • * = * * * * = * * * * * * * * #. … 3. § 1 inch------- 4.50 * #-inch. . . . . . . 3. 50 9 || Sides in engine and boiler room. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . §-inch. . . . . . . 4. 00. linch....... 4.50 $1 per hundred extra when coal bunker is in place. 3-inch. . . . . . . 5. 00 10 | Collision bulkhead to stem, up to upper deck with one |{{-inch. . . . . . . 5.00 - plate left off. 1 inch------- 5.50 With all plates on, 50 cents per hundred in addition above rate. - 11 | After bulkhead to stern, from top of boss seam up to 3-inch------- 6.50 first deck above boss #-inch------- 6.50 e 1-inch------- 6.50 12 || “A” plate forward of collision bulkhead................. { #: : % # - #-inch. . . . . . . 9.00 - 13 | BOSS plates from keel to top boss. ....................... §-inch------. 10.00 1-inch. . . . . . . J (), F.0 #; tº º sº tº tº s a 5. 50 —i r: 14 | Fantail from transom frame aft... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . #. … #. §§ 1-inch------. 5.50 e `ſ}-inch....... 4. 75 15 | Bulwark; all in open.................................... {-inch. . . . . . . 4. 75 1-inch....... 4. 75 e 3-inch-------|-------- 16 | Closing plate-------------------------------------------. #-inch-------|-------- - l-inch-------|-------- (To be taken care of according to price of job $1 more per hundred.) GREAT LAKES. 217. Piece rates—Riveting—Great Lakes district—Continued. SELELL–Continued. º Description. Size Rate . N.O. 3-inch------- $6.00 17 | Bilge keel through shell if driven with shell.... . . . . . . . . . . #-inch------- 6. 00 g - 1-inch------. 6. 00. If driven alone. -----------------------------------------|---inch....... 8. § 18 || Bilge keel plate through keel---------------------------- {#::::::: : #-inch....... 7.00 19 | Beadings on Shell........-------------------------------- #-inch------- 7. 00 1-inch. ------ 7.00 3-inch....... 5.00 20 | Stringer checks if driven alone........................... #-inch....... 5. 50 1-inch. . . . . . . 6. 00 When driven with shell, shell price to prevail. 3-inch. . . . . . . 6.00 21 Margin (set up on both sides)...... ---------------------. §-inch. . . . . . . 6.00 1-inch....... 6.00 {º 3-inch....... 6. 00 22 || Margin (set up on both sides engine and boiler room)....|{{-inch------- 6.00 1-inch..... -- 6. 00: #-inch....... 5.50 23 Gunwale (set up on both sides)....: ... -------........... §-inch....... 5. 50 1-inch..... -- 5.50 #-inch. --- - - - 5.50 24 Towing line chock gunwale.----------------------------- {-inch------- 5. 50 1-inch------- 6,00: When driven alone.-------------------------------------|- - - - - - - - - - - - - - 12.00 |ſ?-inch. . . . . . . 5.50 25 | Sea Cook.------------------------------------------------ #-inch. . . . . . . 5.50 *. 1-inch. . . . . . . 6.00 When driven alone.-------------------------------------|-------------- 12.00 tº 3-inch....... 15.00 26 Hawsepipes. . . . . . . . . . . . . • * * * * ~ * - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - #-inch....... 20.00: 1-inch------- 25.00 *. #-inch. . . . . . . 4. 75 27 | Bulwark freeing ports....... ---------------------------. #-inch- - - - - - - 4. 75 1-inch....... 4. 75 STEM, STERN POST, AND RUDI) ER. #-inch------- $25.00 28 || Stem, iſ ready--------------------- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - #: #% 13-inch...... 25.00 * §-inch-...--- 30.00 29 || Stern post and shoe, if ready............................ 1-inch....... 30.00 13-inch...... 30.00 #-inch------- 12.00 30 Rudder built of two plates and filled with wood. . . . . . . . . #: * * * * * * g. 3: § * * 13-inch. . . . . . 18.00 Rudder, one plate With arm............................. All sizes... -- 30.00 CENTER REELSON. * 3-inch-...--- $4.50 31 | Butts, bars, and stiffeners (no floors in place)... . . . . . . . . . §-inch....... 5. 00 - 1-inch. . . . . . . 5.50 e #-inch....... 4.25 32 | Floors, driven to center keelson, rider plate oſ (snap)...|{{-inch....... 4. 50 lift & E tº º & º ºr 4. 75 & #-inch. . . . . . . 4.25 33 | Floors connecting C. V. K. Stiſſeners, rider plates off..... #-inch... . . . . 4, 50. 1-inch. . . . . . . 5.00 ſ 3-inch....... 6.00 34 || W. T. floors through C. V. K. set up on both sides. . . . . . Rº-inch. . . . . . . 6.00 liº....... 6.00 & & #-inch....... 4. 75 35 | Intercostal in engine room and connections. . . . . . . . . . . . . . #-inch. . . . . . . 5.00 - 1-inch....... 5.25 & #-inch.... --- 3. 75 36 | Intercostal in tank-----------------------------......... §-inch....... 4.00, - 1-inch....... 4.25 218 SHIPBUILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. Piece rates—Riveting—Great Lalces district—Continued. TANK TOP AND INNER BOTTOM. item No. Description. Size Rate §§ - - - - * * * $3.75 37 | Tank top plate, singleseams. --------------------------- i #. … 3. § 1-inch. . . . . . . 4.75 w - §-inch------- 3. 50 Tank top plate, double seams--------------------------- #. :::::: 3. ; 1 inch------- 4.50 #-inch....... 4.25 38 || Tank top, rider with Seams. - - -------------------------- #-inch....... 4.75 - ||l-inch------- 5.25 Tank top rider, no seams-------------------------------- #. :::::: 3. ; #-inch....... 6.00 39 || Tank top, margin. --------------------------------------|{#-inch------- 6.00 1-inch....... 6.00 inch------- 5.00 39a Tanktop plate, engine and boiler room space. ---------- #. :::::: 3. § 1-inch------- 7.00 #-inch....... 6.00 40 | Tank top, margin clips.------------- 2 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - #-inch------. 6.00 - e 1-inch------- 6.00 41 | Bulkhead bars and lugs on tanktop; if driven with tank, 50 cents É. 100 in addition to tank top prices. - 41a Bulkhead bars and lugs on tank top if driven alone.-----| All sizes..... 10.00 42 | Bulkhead bars through tank top if countersunk heads...| All sizes..... 8.00 If driven alone.------------------------------------------|- 3 ºr ºn 10.00 43 | Tanktop, manhole rings driven with tank top - - - - - - - - - - {#. :::::: # ; | If driven alone.-----------------------------------------|---.- - -, - - - - - - - - 6.00 tº §-inch------- 4.25 44 || Shaft tunnel plating and recesses, includingstiffeners.--- #. :::::: : # | 1-inch------- 4.75 45 | Shaft tunnel bar to tunnel and both collars connecting round to square, $1 more than price stipulated for tunnel plating. INSIDE WORK. #-inch------- $4.00 46 | Frames in place (Webb)-------------------------------- #-inch....... 4.50 1-inch------- 5.00 #-inch------- 8.00 47 | Fore and after peak work. ------------------------------ #-inch.... --- 8.00 * 1-inch------- 8.00 48 Tank top-frame brackets connectingside frames to mar- ſi-inch....... 4.25 gin clips. §-inch------- 4.25 3-inch------- 3.75 49 |Gusset brackets, with tank. ----------------------------- #-inch- - - - - - - 3. 75 #-inch------- 4.25 50 Gusset brackets, riveted alone.-------------------------. {#. … ; ; º #-inch------- 5.00 51 | Engine foundation (Snap)------------------------------. #-inch------- 5.00 1-inch------- 5.00 #-inch------- 7.00 52 | Engine ſoundation (flush)------------------------------. #-inch------- 7.00 1-inch. ------ 7.00 3-inch. ------ 4.50 53 || Auxiliary foundation (Snap). --------------------------- §-inch....... 4.50 - 1-inch....... , 5.00 #-inch. . . . . . . 4.75 54 || Auxiliary foundation (flush). -----------------------...- §-inch------. 5.00 1-inch------- 5. 50 #-inch- - - - - - - 4. 50 55 | Boiler and engine room girders. -----------------........ §-inch-...---- 5.00 1-inch....... 5. 00 #-inch-...---- 3. 50 56 | Boiler and engine room Casing. -----------------------... #-inch------- 3.50 #-inch------- 3. 50 > #: * * * * * * = 5. ; * g - - ** : -inch- - - - - - - 5.5 57 | Boiler-room saddles through tank top................... i-inch * * * * * * = 6.50 1-inch....... 7. 50 3-inch------- 4.50 58 || Boiler-room Saddles (snap) on ground. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . #: * * * * * * * 4.50 -inch-------|-------- Boiler-room saddles (Snap) on boat...................... All sizes..... 5. 50 GREAT LAKES. 219 Piece rates—Riveting—Great Lalces district—Continued. Blſ LIKEIE AIDS. #-inch------- $3.00 59 | Bulkhead complete (nonwater-tight) on ground. . . . . . . . . 3-inch------- 4.00 * * #-inch- - - - - - - 4.00 When driven on ship, 50 cents additional. #-inch. ------ 3.00 §-inch- - - - - - - 4.00 60 | Bulkhead complete (W. T.) on ground. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . '83-inch- - - - - - - 4.00 #-inch- - - - - - - 4.00 1-inch------- 4.00 When driven on ship, 50 cents additional. - 3-inch. . . . . . . 5. 75 61 W. T. floors under tank. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - #-inch------- 5. 75 1-inch------- 6.25 - 3-inch- - - - - - - 4. 75 62 | W. T. floors on ground.--------------------------------. 3-inch....... 4. 75 º 1-inch------- 5. 25 63 | Floors on ground (Snap)--------------------------------. 3-inch------- 2.25 #-inch. ------ 4.00 64 Hold stanchions (beams and foot)f old style. . . . . . . . . ... .[83-inch------- 4.00 f 1-inch. ------ 4.00 Hold stanchions beams and foot Weland-type boat when |.............. 6. 00 ready. When driven alone.-------------------------------------|- 3 inch 7. 00 65 || Beam knees, 24-inch Space------ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - #. ...] : 66 Ladders on bulkheads when driven with bulkheads..... #; tº ºr dº º 'º º º # ; S --~~~~ - - - - - - tº Ladders on bulkheads when driven alone.---------------|- . . . . . . ------- 10.00 & #-inch- - - - - - - 3.00 67 || Collision bulkheads complete (flush) on ground.......... #-inch. ------ 4.00 - §-inch 4.00 When driven on ship, 50 cents additional. 3-inch------- 3.00 68 || After peak bulkhead complete (flush) on ground........ #; * * * * *-* * * 4. § 3-inch- - - - - - - 4. When driven on ship, 50 cents additional. IXECIKS. #-inch- - - - - - - $4.00 69 || Lower or main deck Stringer.--------...----------------. 3-inch- - - - - - - 4.50 * - 1-inch------- 5. 00 #-inch------- 5. 50 70 | Panting deck Stringer, including brackets underneath...|{{-inch. . . . . . . 5.50 1-inch. . . . . . . 5.50 Panting deck stringer when driven alone................] .............. 6.50 -- 3-inch. - - - - - - 3.25 71 | Forecastle deck plate------------------------------------ {; 3.25 3_i * 72 | Windlass deck stringers................................. {#. : : 3. 73 | Forecastle deck bar..... --------------------...--------. §: : ; # #. * - * * * * * 4.25 74 || Fore and aft peak decks, and under bridge deck......... #; º, sº * * * * * i. ; 8 ****** - - - - - - - tº 1-inch. ------ 5.00 3-inch. ------ 6.50 75 | Cargo hatch deck bar------------------------------------ § * * * * * * * 7.00 - sº 1-inch. -- - - - - 7. 50 ſº * - sº º & º & 6.50 76 | Cargo hatch top channel----------------------------..... {-inch. -----. 7. 00 * li-in....... 7. 50 - #-inch------. 6.50 77 | Cargo hatch bottom bar. ----------------------------...- 3-inch- - - - - - - 7. 00 º g 1-inch. . . . . . . 7. 50 * #-inch. . . . . . . 6.50 78 Cargo hatch beam rests... ------------------------------. § * = * * * * * 7.00 1-inch- - - - - - - 7. 50 #-inch. . . . . . . 6.50 79 Cargo hatch plate... ------------------------------------ §-inch- - - - - - - 7.00 1-inch. . . . . . . 7.50 #-inch. . . . . . . 6.50 80 | Cargo hatch beading------------------------------------- # * * ºr tº sº º º 7.00 1-inch- - - - - - - 7. 50 §-inch. . . . . . . 3. 50 81 | Upper or spar deck stringers $1 more per hundred under ||}-inch....... 4.00 bridge deck. §-inch....... 4.50 1-inch. ------ 5.00 #-inch. ------ 4.50 82 | Upper or Spar deck gunwale bar......................... 3-inch. . . . . . . 5.00 1-inch. . . . . . . 5. 50 When driven alone, 50 cents additional. 220 SEIIRBUILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. Piece rates—Riveting—Great Lakes district—Continued. DECKS-Continued. Ig. Description. Size Rate. #-inch- - - - - - - $5.00 83 | Upper deck waterway bar.------------------------- * - - - - i; º e º 'º tº gº º #. ; s -1D CIl- - - - - - - e #-inch. ------ 3.25 84 | Upper or Spar deck plating-...--------------------------- #: ; - 1-inch------- 4.25 85 || $1 more under bridge deck and fore and after peak deck. g-inch 4.00 -111CIl- - - - - - - & ā-i 86 House deck bars through deck.-------------------------. #. :::::: + | - jº, * * * * * = &º 5. 00 87 | Upper or spar deck Small hatch..... --------------------- {#. ... ; § Below 12-inch channel to pay $1 extra. |. 88 | Poop deck Small hatch---------------------------------. {#. º § 89 | Bridge deck Small hatch...----------------------------.. {{...] §§ 90 || Beading on Small hatches. -----------------------------. #-inch------- 6.00 91 || Mast rings if driven on boat -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - All sizes.---- 12.00 92 || King post pedestals------------------------------------- #::::::: ; § * 3-inch------- 5. 00 93 | Ventilators, complete including rings, etc.--------------. #-inch------- 6.00 - #-inch- - - - - - - 6. 50 94 || Ladders and stairways connecting to clips on boat..... ...] All sizes..... 12.00 95 || Deck rail Stanchions if driven alone.---------------------|- - - - - do------- 10. 00 96 || Deck railstanchions with deck same as deck bar. - - - - - - - & 97 | Bulwark braces----------------------------------------- # *: * * = ; º * 3-111CIl- - - - - - - • OU' 98 || Line chocks through deck when driven with deck. . . . . . . # :::::: 6. ; ||13-inch-----. 9. 00 98 Iline chocks through deck when driven alone. . . . . . . . . . . . Alºes s s º ºs sº 12.00 99 || Wingh foundation angle iron- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - #.......] : Winch foundation 6-inch channels.---------............. 㺠* * * * * º º #-ll 100 - - - - - - - º 100 || Windlass foundation.------------------------------ ----- #. - - - - - - #. § -II) CIl- - - - - - - g #-inch------- 3.25. 101 || Bridge decks plating------------------------------------ # ----. # S * e |-inº * - - - - - - 4.25 102 | Boat decks, tie plate deck------------------------------- { #: * * * * * * * ; #. * #3 * as sº as sº e ºs * t 103 | Poop deck plating--------------------------------------- {#::::::: ; Poop deck bar to transOTm------------------ ------------- § and #-inch| 3.75 Poop deck bar from transom aſt.------------------------|----- do.------ 4. 25. DECK HOU SES. #-inch------- $2.50. 104 || Deck house plates--------------------------------------- #; * e is a s = * ; *-liſleſl - - - - - - - & #-inch....... 3. 50 105 | Deck house Stiſſeners------------------------------------ #; * * * * * * * 3. º -IIICEl- - - - - - - g * --- §§ * = * * * * * 3. 50. 106 | Deck house bar------------------------------------------ #. : § - 1-inch------- 4.50 * #-inch- - - - - - - 5.00. 107 || Deck house brackets------------------------------------- § * * * * * * * ; ; #-līlCh - - - - - - - & 108 || Deadlights---------------------------------------------- 3-inch------- 3. # 109 | Skylights (on ground)---------------------------------- : #: : #. # 110 | Skylights (On ships) ------------------------------------ {#.......] §§ 111 | Flying bridge plates, tie plates-------------------------- {#: … #. ; 112 | Flying bridgestanchions. . . . . . . . . . . . . ----------- * - - - - - - - {#. … #. ; 113 | Flying bridge bar--------------------------------------. {#. §§ GREAT LAKES. 221 Piece rates—Riveting—Great Lalces district—Continued. MISCELLANEOUS. Igº Description. Size Rate 114 | Fresh Water tanks--------------------------------------- #::::::: *}} 115 King posts (square).------------------------------------- #. : ; ; 116 King posts (round)-------------------------------------- # and 4-inch 4.50 117 | Spars complete------------------------------------------ {#: ... º: Board approves items 122 to 141, inclusive, except item ji. 138, temporarily approved, and 139 disapproved. Back P. * PIECE RATES.–SHELL RIVETING. June 28, 1918. Board to Examiner (Great Lakes). pay should be adjusted according to piece-rate scales now approved. NOTE.-The items 122 to 141 referred to as approved are as follows: SEIELL RIVETING (JUNE 28, 1918). 122 123 123% 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 C. V. K. clips and bars, rider plate on and floorsin place.. Shellbilge strake (2 seams and frames or 1 strake plate). * (Suggest that this condition should not exist.) Shell gunwale bar same as shear strake. Shell shear strake between collision bulkhead and after peak bulkhead.--------------------------------------- Deck beam brackets, 18-inch Space............... -------- Deck beam brackets, forecastle and poop deck. ... . . . . . . . All clips,staples, and bars on deck when driven with deck, T50 Cents in addition to corresponding deck prices. - Chain locker (interior work).............. --------------- Deck-house collars and staples when driven alone....... 3 * Deck-house collars and staples when driven with deck house, 50 cents in addition to deck-house prices. AutºPlate decks… #-i i 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 140 141 Pºlº,bars through decks or shell if driven alone, per Ulì1C1LCC, , Bulkhead and high floor bars, countersunk heads through shell, $1 more per hundred than shell rivets. All groundwork not covered in the above, 25 cents per hundred less than on ship. Gangs moving from one boat to another or to a boat in the dry dock are to be paid for the move by agreement. (See note.) - Deck-house doors complete, same as staples and collars. . Hatch strong backs by machine riveters, snap and flush, complete. Coalbumkers in engine and boiler room Space, all sizes... Coal Shute---------------------------------------------- 6.00 4.50 4.00 5. 00 NotE.—The board has subsequently fixed an allowance of 2 hours for each move at Straight time, at the day rate. e Rul in g, 1918, 222 SHIPBUILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT |BOARD AWARDS. SPECIAL RATES. June 25, 1918. Board to Examiner. Authorizing action in line with the following: 1. Ash drawers and coal passers usually get the la- borers’ rate of 40 cents. 2. Rate established for toolsmiths (tool dressers) on the Atlantic coast is 75 cents, and the board thinks this. rate should be high enough on the Great Lakes. 3. The board establishes 62% cents as the rate for tool grinders, as it thinks they should rank with second-class machinists. OVERTIME. July 2, 1918. Board to Examiner. The board has uniformly held that overtime is to be allowed only after an employee has worked eight hours. within the calendar day and has repeatedly refused to tie. shipyards down to any rigid schedule of hours as a basis for determining the overtime. Our view has been that with the machinery for seeing fair treatment is accorded to employees there is no necessity for a rigid time schedule, and that in this national emergency the yard management should be free to adopt a schedule of hours that will lead to maximum production of ships. The authorized method of determining overtime com- pensation of pieceworkers is to measure the amount of work performed in the entire working period and credit the due proportion to the overtime period. For example, if a riveting gang drove 500 $4 rivets in 10 hours, 8 hours. straight and 2 hours overtime, they should receive com- pensation at the rate of $4 for 400, or $18, and at the rate of $6 for 100; a total of $32 for the day's work. We believe that this method is on the whole the fairest and the one least likely to give rise to abuses, such as the accumulation of easy work for the overtime period. FOREMEN, QUARTERMEN, AND LEADING MEN. July 11, 1918. Circular Letter to All Yards. 4. The Emergency Fleet Corporation has requested us to assume jurisdiction over the wages of leading men, quar- termen, and foremen. As you have been advised, this compensation should comply with section 421 of General Order 36. The interpretation to be given this order as regards the compensation of leading men and quarter- men is to be as follows: “To the compensation of the highest-paid mechanics under their direction, including compensation for over- time, work on the night shift or on repair work, is to be added 12% cents per hour for each hour worked, to deter- GIRIEAT LAIXES. 223 mine the compensation of leading men, and 25 cents per hour for each hour worked to determine that of quarter- men. To make the meaning of this interpretation clear, suppose the leading men be employed regularly for 10 hours a day for six days a week, exclusive of Sundays, in June, as director of mechanics whose rate is $0.70 an hour, these mechanics would receive $7.70 a day from Monday to Friday and $9.10 on Saturday; the leading man over them should receive $8.95 per day from Mon- day to Friday and $10.35 on Saturday.” According to the order of the Fleet Corporation, fore- men should receive not less than 10 per cent nor more than 15 per cent more that the highest-paid quartermen under them. There appears to be no standardization in the shipyards with reference to the duties of the foremen. Please advise us how many foremen you employee in your yard; how many men, roughly, each has under his Supervision; and what compensation you are paying each foreman. NOTE:-This action of assuming jurisdiction over fore- men was afterwards rescinded on the ground that the board acted ultra vires in assuming jurisdiction over fore- I (163][]. PIECE RATES.–SHELL RATES. July 20, 1918. Board to Examiner. New shell riveting rates (July 15, 1918) do not apply in Great Lakes. Piece rates for Great Lakes entirely different from coast. SAW FILERS. August 5, 1918. Board to Examiner. Board has approved the rate of 70 cents an hour for saw filer. Please advise shipyards in your district that this rate has been established for this occupation, as, of course, we desire to have uniformity. OWERTIME-GLOBE SHIPBUILDING CO. gº August 6, 1918. Board to Examiner. I am afraid that your statement to the Globe Ship- building Co., in regard to reimbursement if they work their men on the night shift 12 hours instead of 10 hours prescribed by the Fleet Corporation, is hardly warranted. We determine the basis of payment for overtime, but have not gone so far in our rulings as the Fleet Corpora- tion has in prohibiting overtime. If the Globe Co. works its men 12 hours a day, they must pay them for 4 hours' overtime. This does not mean, however, that they have Permission to work their men 4 hours' overtime in the Ra 15, 1 t 9 es of July 18. p. 128. 224 SHIPBUILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. sense that the Fleet Corporation will reimburse them for doing so, when the Fleet Corporation has issued a general order that it will not reimburse except for 2 hours' overtime. Please advise the Globe Shipbuilding Corporation immediately that our order that they must pay for 4 hours' overtime if they work their men 12 hours on the night shift was not intended to modify in any way the orders of the Fleet Corporation in regard to the basis of reimbursement for overtime. The obvious remedy is for them to change their system and employ their night shift only 10 hours in order that they may be fully reimbursed for the added expense. NIGHT-SEIIFT BONUS. August 19, 1918. Board to Navy Department. There has been so much difficulty in determining which shift in the shipyards under the jurisdiction of this board would be entitled to the 5 per cent bonus provided in our decision for the night shift, owing to different climatic conditions in different sections of the country, that the board has decided to rule that any shift beginning work at the conclusion of the working period of the normal 8- hour day shift shall be considered a night shift and be entitled to the 5 per cent bonus provided for workers on the night shift. If question arises in reference to the determination of the hours during which the normal 8- hour day shift is employed, it is to be settled by the local representative of the Navy Department or by our local examiner if the yard is engaged in work for the Emer- gency Fleet Corporation. Under this ruling where three shifts are employed, two of them will be permitted to claim the 5 per cent bonus for night-shift work. We think it so desirable to en- courage the organization of additional shifts that we consider this stimulus wise expediture for the Navy Department. TRIAL TRIPS. September 9, 1918. Board to Examiner. This board has not taken jurisdiction over the wages paid-on trial trips on the ground that this might involve us in a jurisdictional controversy with the Labor Adjust- ment Board of the United States Shipping Board headed by ex-Gov. Bass. They have adjusted rates for em- ployees engaged in the operation of ships, and informa- tion as to the rates they have fixed can be obtained from Robert P. Bass, 1319 F Street NW., Washington. PIECE RATES. September 16, 1918. Board to Examiner. The board quite agrees with your view that where a piece-rate scale can be adopted in connection with labor GREAT LAKES. 225 work, it is likely to lead to a larger output than the allowance system. Your statement of facts in your earlier letter was not quite clear to me, as it seemed to imply that a higher rate than that authorized by the board for repair work on the Delaware River district was already in operation. The board is very glad to approve the piece-rate scale which you recommend for this work, namely: & e E[and | Machine Size Oſ rivet. gang gang #-inch------------------------------------------------------------ $3.85 $3.00 #-inch------------------------------------------------------------ 5. 22 4.00 +inch------------------------------------------------------------ 6. 60 5.00 #-inch------------------------------------------------------------ 7. 97 6.00 1-inch------------------------------------------------------------ 9. 35 7. 50 18-inch----------------------------------------------------------- 10. 72 |---------- relying upon you to preface the decision by a careful statement as to the location of the rivets referred to and that the rates include cutting out the old rivets as well as driving new rivets. # - 89811—22 15 PART III. CCTOBER 1, 1918, TO MARCH 31, 1919. 227 MEMORANDUM HN REFERENCE TO BASIS OF DECISION AS TO WAGES, HOURS, AND OTHER CONDITIONS IN SHIPYARDS BY THE SHIP- BUILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD OF OCTOBER 24, 1918. I. General principles observed by board in determining Awages.—The memorandum creating the board indicates clearly the intention of the signers that the principal basis of readjustment of wages should be the ascertained changes in the cost of living. The source of information in reference to changes in the cost of living upon which the board relied was the Bureau of Labor Statistics of the United States Department of Labor, the only depart- ment of the Government qualified to make comprehensive and authoritative investigations into labor conditions. The investigation of this bureau led the board to the con- clusions that the average increase in the cost of living in shipbuilding centers on the Pacific coast from October, 1917, to October, 1918, was 20 per cent, and that the av- erage increase in shipbuilding centers on the Atlantic coast, Gulf, and Great Lakes from February to October, 1918, was 15 per cent. The evidence upon which these conclusions rest are set forth in Exhibit A attached hereto. I—a. Only slightly less important in the view of the board is a reason for readjusting wages than the increase in the cost of living was the need of stabilizing wages in all the shipyards of the country to put a stop to the shift- ing of men from yard to yard. When the decision was rendered the war was still in full progress, and the need for the maximum production of ships not in one locality but in the country as a whole was imperative. The board believed that this result could best be achieved by a re. adjustment of wages on a national basis without too much attention to variable local conditions. This view coin. cided with the unanimous request of the officials of the international unions who appeared before us for uniform national rates for the different crafts. In complying with this request the board believed that it was contribut- ing to a constructive national policy which would cause a maximum production of ships on the One hand and con- fer a maximum benefit on American wage earners on the other. - II. Grounds for establishment of $0.80 hourly rate for basic trades.—By previous decisions of the board the principal skilled shipyard crafts were given the basic rate of $5.25 a day on the Pacific coast and of $0.70 per hour on the Atlantic coast, Gulf, and Great Lakes. Ap- 229 280 SEIIL’BTUILDING LABOR, ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. plying the 20 per cent and 15 per cent increase to these basic rates would have resulted in a rate of $0.78% for the Pacific coast and $0.80% for the Atlantic coast. Combin- ing these into a uniform $0.80 rate seemed to the board fair and reasonable. It will be noted that this gave to the Pacific coast basic trades an increase of 21.8 per cent rather than of 20 per cent. . III. Grounds for establishing other rates granted.— The board was advised by the adjusting agencies of other departments, particularly the War Department, employ- ing many more laborers than were employed in the ship- yards, that it would be highly demoralizing to the Gov- ernment industries for which they were responsible if a uniform national rate was established for laborers in the shipyards. For this and other reasons the board deemed it expedient to apply the principle of uniformity to un- skilled and semiskilled occupations. It therefore estab- lished rates for laborers and common laborers which fully covered the ascertained increase in the cost of living for the different districts but which preserved a substantial differential between the Pacific coast, the North Atlantic coast and Lakes, and the South Atlantic coast and Gulf. Having decided to maintain a differential in the rates for laborers and common laborers, it followed as a matter of course the corresponding differentials must be retained in the case of the semiskilled. The differential for laborer between the Pacific coast and the Atlantic coast was $0.06 (52 cents and 46 cents, respectively). This was reduced to $0.04 in the case of helpers ($0.58 and $0.54, respectively). In the case of heavy helpers the differ- ential was eliminated. This same general plan was applied to other semi- skilled employees, each one being given an increase cor- responding to the ascertained increase in the cost of liv- ing, while at the same time the differentials between the coasts were narrowed as the $0.80 hourly rate was ap- proached. Because of continuous complaints from the auditing department that inconvenience and expense to the Gov- ernment out of all proportion to any benefit to the indi- viduals affected were caused by rates ending with odd figures or fractions, the board made nearly all of the new rates even numbers. This necessitated adding a unit or dropping off a unit. As a rule, the unit was added in the case of the low-paid employees and dropped off in the case of the more highly paid employees. The last important principle applied was to increase rates already above the basic rates less than the ascer- tained increase in the cost of living. In the case of such rates, 15 per cent rather than 20 per cent was used to determine the increase for the Pacific coast and 10 per cent rather than 15 per cent to determine that for the Atlantic coast, Gulf, and Great Lakes. This was in ac- BASIS OF DECISIONS. 231 ‘cord with the view repeatedly expressed to the board by experienced labor leaders, such as Secretary Wilson, that the application of a uniform percentage increase would be undesirable, because it would serve to widen the differ- ences between the compensation of the higher paid crafts and the compensation of the lower paid crafts. It has been suggested that this might be avoided by adding the same number of cents to each wage rate. The plan adopted by the board was a little less arbitrary than this, but yielded similar results in that the differential between the compensation of the lower paid and that of the higher paid was narrowed rather than widened. TV. Grounds for leaving working conditions un- changed.—As is well known, the board withheld its deci- sion for some weeks, at the request of the President, on the chance that a uniform national policy with reference to working conditions in Government industries might be agreed upon and officially promulgated. When the board was directed to release its decision because of the in- creasing unrest in the shipyards it was decided to insert in the decision the statement that existing working con- ditions were to continue unchanged “pending the an- nouncement of the national labor policy.” Pending the announcement of a national labor policy, the board felt that working conditions should not be changed in any way that would tend to slow down the production of ships, which was so vitally necessary at the time its de- cision was rendered, and notwithstanding the signing of the armistice still continues to be vitally necessary to our national interests. & W. Reasons for retroactive provisions.—The memoran- dum creating the board provides that “at any time after six months have elapsed * * * questions may be re- opened * * * upon request,” and that “the decisions of the board shall under proper conditions be retroact- ive.” Requests for readjustment of the scale were made prior to August 1 on behalf of the employees in Pacific coast shipyards. Readjustment on that date was clearly due, because (1) six months had elapsed from February 1, at which time a readjustment had been requested and refused by the board only because it was held that the increase in the cost of living up to that date was more : than covered by the 10 per cent increase in wages granted by the Emergency Fleet Corporation and the Navy De- partment in December, 1917. (2) The appeal board, which sustained the board in its refusal to readjust wages at the time that a readjust- ment was requested, directed the board to make a read- justment as of August 1 and to carry it back to Feb- ruary 1 should the investigation of the cost of living being made by the Bureau of Labor Statistics warrant Such action. 232 SHIPBUILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD Awards. (3) Mr. Piez, when inviting representatives of the Pa- cific coast yard to come to Philadelphia for the first week in August, stated that this would work no hardship to the men, since it was understood that whatever read- justment of labor was made by the Macy Board would date from August 1. (4) The unexpectedly long delay in the readjustment of wages, due to a variety of causes for which the em- ployees were in nowise responsible, involved serious in- convenience and loss to the employees, which could not be compensated by making the readjustment when finally announced, effective from August 1. The reasons for making the decision for the Atlantic coast, Gulf, and Great Lakes yards retroactive to the pay period beginning on or immediately after October 1 were equally cogent. The previous decisions for these districts had been made at various dates in February, March, and April. Requests for readjustment were made and hear- ings were held with this end in view in the latter part of August. The decision of the board based upon these hearings and upon the information received from othér sources was completed and all ready to issue prior to October 1. It was not issued because of the request of the President that no wage adjustments be made by any of the Wage- adjustment boards, pending the conclusion of conferences which were inaugurated upon the initiative of the Presi- dent among the representatives of the different wage- adjusting agencies. April 1 represented a fair average of the dates at which the earlier decisions for the different districts in- cluded in the last decision became effective. Since Octo- ber 1 marked the end of the six months interval speci- fied in the memorandum, and since it was very desirable to have decisions for shipyards on the Atlantic coast, Gulf, and Great Lakes terminate at the same time, it seemed to the board the proper date at which the new wage adjustment was to become effective. The pay period beginning at or immediately after October 1 was made the retroactive date because of the great difficulty the yards had experienced in calculating back pay when the retroactive date occurred in the middle of the pay period. ExHIBIT A. DATA REFERENCE INCREASE IN COST OF LIVING. I. The basis of the original Pacific coast decision of November 4, 1917, was as stated therein, the ascertained increase in the cost of living in the three Pacific coast shipbuilding centers (San Francisco, Portland, and Seattle) from June, 1916, to October, 1917, added to the rates established by joint agreement in San Francisco BASIS OF DECISIONS. 233 and Seattle at the earlier date the average increase de- termined by our statistician was 31 per cent, distributed as follows: Increase in cost of living on Pacific coast June, 1916, to October, e Per Cent Weights. increase. Total. *00d.-------------------------------------------------- 40 46 1,840 Rent--------------------------------------------------- 18 5% 9 Clothing----------------------------------------------- 14 51 714 Sundrics----------------------------------------------- 15 22 330 *uel--------------------------------------------------- 4 40 160 Miscellaneous------------------------------------------ 9|-------------------- 100 ---------- 3, 143 PER CENT OF INCREASE EQUALS 314.3 DIVIDED BY 100 OR 81.43 PER CENT. . This 31 per cent increase added to the $4 basic rate es- tablished by joint agreement, resulted in the $5.25 rate which was established for most of the skilled trades. . To the rates fixed by this original decision and supple- mentary rates fixed by the Fleet Corporation or by the board, the Fleet Corporation and Navy Department added, on December 10, effective December 15, 10 per cent as a War bonus, contingent upon regularity of at- tendance, until February 1, when it became a permanent addition to the wages. III. On or about February 1, 1917, the Seattle Metal Trades Council requested a further increase in wages on the ground that the cost of living had continued to ad- vance to an extent that justified such demand. IV. The board caused a careful investigation to be made by Profs. Parker and Ogburn, of the increase from October to February. These investigators reported that they found the average increase in Seattle 8.29 per cent, in Portland 5.15 per cent, and in San Francisco 5.63 per cent. Since these increases have been fully covered by the 10 per cent increase already granted, the board decided that no further advance in wages could be granted. V. Appeal was taken from this decision to an appeal board appointed in accordance with the revised memo- randum of December 8, and on May 28 this appeal board decided, in substance, that the 10 per cent increase already granted was Intended to offset any increase in the cost of living up to February 1, as had been held by the board, but that the board should be prepared to reconsider its decision should the investigation into living costs then being made by the Bureau of Labor Statistics show a greater increase from October, 1917, to February, 1918, than this 10 per cent. 234 SHIPBTUILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. The Bureau of Labor Statistics investigation into cost of living in Pacific coast shipbuilding centers was more comprehensive than that made for the board by its own statisticians, since it included not only San Francisco, Portland, and Seattle, but also Oakland, Tacoma, and Los Angeles. Moreover, they carried their inquiry back to December, 1914, and forward to June, 1918. In reference to the particular issue raised in Seattle, their investigation showed an increase in living costs there from October, 1917, to February, 1918, of only 7.83 per cent, or slightly less than the increase of 8.29 per cent found by Profs. Parker and Ogburn. As these two in- vestigations were made in entire independence and di- rected by different experts, the similarity of results reached appeared to the board to warrant its earlier con- clusion that no further increase in wages than the 10 per cent already given could fairly be granted to the shipyard employees of Seattle on February 1. VI. The increases in cost of living for the period from December, 1914, to December, 1917, ascertained by the Bureau of Labor Statistics in the different centers, were as follows: Per cent. (1) San Francisco and Oakland 2S. 63 (2) Portland --- _ 31.23 (3) Seattle- - - - - 31. OS (4) Tacoma -------------------- 34. 45 . (5) LOS Angeles * ___ 28.85 Average for five centers 30. S5 Since this was for a considerably longer period than , that from June, 1916, to October, 1917, for which the board had taken 31 per cent as the increase, it confirms the substantial fairness of the board’s decision of No- vember 4, 1917. VII. From the statistics of increase in living costs re- ported by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, the board con- cluded in its decision of October 24, 1918, that the average increase from October, 1917, to October, 1918, for the ship- building centers of the Pacific coast was 25 per cent. This was arrived at as follows: (a) Increase from October to December, 1917, in Seattle reported as 0.5 per cent. In the absence of data for this period for other centers, this was taken as the average for the coast. * (b) Increase from December, 1917, to June, 1918: Per Cent. (1) San Francisco and Oakland 8. 44 (2) Portland I2. 14 (3) Seattle 13.85 (4) Tacoma - –––– 15.15 (5) Los Angeles - 9. 23 Average for five Centers * 11. 76 BASIS OF DECISIONS. 235 (6) In the absence of data for the increase from June, 1918, to October, 1918, the board assumed the same pro- portionate increase for these four months as for the pre- ceding six months, making the increase two-thirds of 11.8 per cent, or 7.8 per cent. & (d) Adding together increases for the three periods makes the increase for the year 0.5 per cent plus 11.8 per cent plus 7.8 per cent equals 20.1 per cent. VIII. In similar manner the board concluded that the average increase in living costs from February to Oc- tober, 1918, for the shipbuilding centers of the Atlantic coast, Gulf, and Great Lakes was 15 per cent. This con- clusion was arrived at as follows: (a) In the absence of statistics for the precise period (February to October, 1918) it was assumed that the in- crease for these eight months was the same as that for the overlapping eight months from December, 1917, to Oc- tober, 1918, covered by the investigation of the Bureau of Labor Statistics. (b) Increase from December, 1917, to August, 1918: Per cent. ... 1. Superior, Wis - 12. 65 2. Chicago __ 16. 29 3. Boston ––––– 19. 63 4. New York (listlict = * * * *-* * * * * * * = * * *- * * * *-* * * * *=s sºme mºm sm ºm mºm mº, º ºs º-s 12. 02 5. Philadelphia 16. 24 6. Baltimore ––––––––––––––––––– ––– 19. 11 7. Bath, Me --- 20. 29 8. Portland, Me 1S. 04 9. POrtSlmouth ––– 19. 61 10. Jacksonville —- -* - * * * * * * * = ** = * * * = sº- m a mem. - * * * * * *- * * * *** - j4. 57 11. Savannah ------------------------------------------ j 0.69 12. Norfolk ____ ___ 20. 56 13. MIO))ile 7. SS 14. Houston & 9. 28 15. Beaumont & 11. 11 16. Toledo –––––––––––– 12. 97 Average for 16 áenters 15. 06 IX. As explained in the decision, the 20 per cent Pacific coast increase applied to the $5.25 basic rate of the de- cision of November 4, 1917, would result in a new basic day rate of $6.30 for an hourly rate of 78% cents. Apply- ing the 15 per cent Atlantic coast, Gulf, and Great Lakes increase to the basic hourly rates for yards in this dis- trict on 70 cents, would make the new hourly rate for this district 80% cents. Combining these rates of 78% cents and 80% cents into an 80-cent rate seemed fair for the whole country, and was more than fair to the Pacific coast, since it resulted in a 21.8 per cent instead of a 20 per cent increase, and was made effective from August 1 instead of from October 1, the date to which the calcu- lation refers. ATLANTIC CoAST, GULF, AND GREAT LAKES SHIPYARDS. The decision of October 1, 1918 (issued Oct. 24, 1918), as to Wages, hours, and other conditions in Atlantic coast, Gulf, and Great fakes shipyards, included all shipyards for which prior decisions had been rendered districted as follows: First. North Atlantic and Hudson River. Second. Delaware River and Baltimore. Third. South Atlantic and Gulf. Fourth. Newport News and vicinity: Fifth. North of Savannah and south of Baltimore (wood ship yards). Sixth. Great Lakes. NOTE:-This decision of October 1 made uniform all rates established for the Atlantic coast, Gulf, and Great Lakes shipyards with the exception of piece rates for the Great Lakes shipyards, where a special scale was au- thorized for riveting, fitting, and shell riveting. The Supplement covering repair work. Nov. 1, 1918, p. 258. other piece rates authorized for the Great Lakes district remain the same as those in the Black Book for the Dela- ware River, which Black Book had originally been authorized in toto for the Great Lakes district. [Oct. 24, 1918.] DECISION AS TO WAGES, HOURS, AND OTHER CONDITIONS IN ATLANTIC COAST, GULF, AND GREAT LAKES SHIPYARDS. SECTION 1. Introduction.—(1) Reasons for a national wage scale: The principal characteristic of the following decision for Atlantic coast, Gulf, and Great Lakes ship- yards and the decisions we are issuing simultaneously for Pacific coast shipyards is that they establish uniform na- tiónal rates for practically all of the skilled trades. We 236 have adopted these uniform national rates because ex- perience has convinced us that by this means only can we put a stop to that shifting of employees from yard to yard and district to district which continues to be a chief obstacle to efficient ship production. Added argu- ments for uniform national rates are that citizens work- ing for the Government—and work on ships is now essen- tially Government work—feel that they should all be treated alike; that there are no longer any marked dif- ferences in the cost of living between different Sections; ATLANTIC COAST, GULF, AND GREAT LAKES. 237 and that the Federal Employment Service, rather than divergent wage rates with their unsettling tendencies, should be relied upon to effect whatever shifting of wage earners is necessary to the carrying out of the war pro- gram. It is a special gratification to us that this change, which we believe to be in the national interest, was unani- mously requested by the international and local repre- sentatives of the shipbuilding crafts who came before us in the hearings which preceded this adjustment. In substituting uniform national rates for the shipyard employees in the different crafts for the diverse rates: previously established, so far as this seemed practicable, we have not always been able to give full weight to local conditions. Since the results will be of benefit to the great majority of the employees affected, we feel confi- dent that the minority, who may be less benefited, will cheerfully accept the change in the interest of the great- est good to the greatest number. (2) Basis of increases in wages granted.—The memo- randum creating this board indicates clearly the ground for readjustment of wages. It says: “At any time after six months have elapsed following such ratified agree- ment, or any such final decision by the adjustment board on any question as to Wages, hours, or conditions in any plant or district, such question may be reopened by the adjustment board for adjustment upon the request of a majority of the craft or crafts at such plant affected by Such agreement or decision, provided it can be shown that there has been a general and material increase in the cost of living.” This provision was not intended to and does not prevent such changes in the wages of particular crafts as will serve to bring them into more harmonious relation with other rates in the general scale. It was in- tended, however, to preclude, during the duration of the War, any general advance in wages beyond that justified by a “general and material increase in the cost of living.” The War in which we are engaged is primarily an in- dustrial War. To win it we must mobilize all of our indus- trial resources and utilize them to promote the national purpose as we mobilize and utilize our Army and Navy. Standards of living are to be protected so far as prac- ticable, but the national interests must not be sacrificed for the sake of the private interest of particular groups of citizens. We have not hesitated to demand the ex- treme sacrifice from the millions of men we are sending to the front. Those left behind, serving their country equally as War workers, must not expect to take advan- tage of the shortage of man power which the war itself causes to advance their prewar standards. For, as the President said in his Labor Day message, in this struggle of democracy against autocracy, of labor against class privilege, “We are all enlisted men, members of a single army of many parts and many tasks, but commanded by 238 SEIIPBTUILDING LABOR, ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. 8, single obligation, our faces set toward a single pur- OS6. º (3) Eastent of increase in cost of living and resulting adjustments of wage rates.—From the evidence submitted to the board by the Bureau of Labor Statistics in refer- ence to the increase in the cost of living in the 5 Pacific coast shipbuilding centers and in 16 Atlantic coast, Gulf, and Great Lakes shipbuilding centers, we conclude as follows: (a) The average increase in the cost of living on the Pacific coast from October, 1917, to October, 1918, was 20 per cent. * (b) Applying this average increase to the basic daily wage of $5.25, established by our previous decision, the new basic wage for the $5.25 crafts would become $6.30, or $0.78% an hour. (c) The average increase in the cost of living in the shipbuilding centers of the Atlantic coast, Gulf, and Great Lakes for the eight months from December, 1917, to August, 1918, was 15 per cent. In the absence of statis- tics for the precise period, February to October, since our first decision for these eastern shipyards was rendered, we assume that the increase for these eight months was the same as for the overlapping eight months covered by the bureau's investigation; that is, 15 per cent. (d) Adding 15 per cent to the basic hourly rate of $0.70 would make the new rate $0.80%. (e) In the interest of uniformity and to comply with the unanimous request of the international and local representatives of labor who appeared before us for a national wage scale, we have made the basic hourly wage rate for the principal skilled crafts $0.80. (f) Owing to the diversity of conditions in the dif- ferent sections of the country it has not seemed practi- cable to establish a uniform scale for laborers. Follow- ing precedents set by other departments of the Govern- ment, which employ many more laborers than are en- gaged in shipbuilding, and in the interest of a uniform national policy, we have fixed different rates of wages for laborers and common laborers in the three districts, Pa- cific coast, North Atlantic and Great Lakes, and South Atlantic and Gulf. In each district we have increased the rates for laborers and helpers upon whom the burden of rising costs of living falls most heavily, as much or more than is required by a strict application of the in- crease in cost of living reported by the Bureau of Labor Statistics. (g) We have not deemed it necessary or wise to apply this entire increase in the cost of living to occupations already above the base rate of the scale for the skilled trades. As in assessing the income tax, the Government exempts altogether small incomes while taking more than three-fourths of the income of the multimillionaire, so ATLANTIC COAST, GULF, AND GREAT LAKES. 239 in adjusting wages, while granting an advance to laborers and helpers fully sufficient to offset the increase in the cost of living, we have not considered it proper to grant the full increase to the more highly paid occupations. Those whose hourly rates were more than $0.70 have been increased by 10 per cent, except where by variations from this rule it has been possible to establish a uniform national rate. SEC. II. Future increases in wages based on changes in the cost of living.—(1) A principal reason for the ex- istence of this board and of the other governmental wage- adjusting agencies is to promote stability in the war industries by insuring just and reasonable readjustments in wages at periodic intervals without the necessity of recourse to strikers or lockouts. Unfortunately, every readjustment of wages is of necessity itself a cause of widespread unrest and loss in efficiency. The advance in shipyard wages which we are now making because of the ascertained increase in the cost of living, and the ad- vances which are being continuously made in other in- dustries, will inevitably cause further increase in the cost of living. To prevent any possible misunderstanding in reference to the position of this board with regard to future readjustments of wages, we announce that we shall be guided by the following principles: (a) Until such time as the President may determine that the national interest requires suspension of the policy of advancing the wages of laborers, helpers, and journeymen in the basis skilled crafts to correspond with “general and material increases in the cost of living,” we shall deem it our duty to be guided in future readjust- ments by such ascertained increases. (b) The authority upon which we shall continue to reply for information as to changes in the cost of living is the agency of the National Government, which has been created and is maintained to make statistical inves- tigations of labor conditions—the Bureau of Labor Statistics of the United States Department of Labor. (c) After conference with representatives of the other governmental wage-adjusting agencies we have decided that the dates at which it will be most expedient to make wage adjustments are October 1 and April 1. We have requested the Bureau of Labor Statistics to make the necessary investigations, so that we may be advised of future changes in the cost of living in time to announce on those dates whether readjustments are required and what readjustments. (d) To give precision to the expression “general and material increase in the cost of living,” we rule that, as used in the memorandum, this phrase means an average increase in the cost of living in the shipbuilding centers of the district to which any wage adjustment applies of not less than 10 per cent. It is clearly our duty to relieve Ruling, J a n. 16, 1919, p. 283. 240 SHIPBUILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. Ruling, M. a r. 18, 1919, p. 306. shipyard employees of the burden that “material” and long-continued increases in the cost of living would im- pose upon them, but we deem it also our duty to relieve Government industries of the unsettlement and loss that result from readjustments in wages, unless increases in the cost of living that are really “material” have taken place. . (e) We divide the country for wage-adjustment pur- poses into two districts: (1) Pacific coast and (2) Atlan- tic coast, Gulf, and the Great Lakes. For administrative purposes in the settlement of grievances until further notice we divide the shipbuilding centers of the country into nine districts—two on the Pacific coast, one on the Great Lakes, two on the South Atlantic and Gulf, and four on the North Atlantic. SEC. III. Z'ransportation easpenses of employees.— Since our previous decisions were rendered the organiza- tion of the United States Shipping Board Emergency Fleet Corporation has developed to a point which makes it expedient to vest in it full responsibility for determin- ing the policies to be adopted with reference to sharing or absorbing the daily transportation expenses of ship- yard employees in places where the local housing facil- ities are inadequate. We therefore direct that in the case of each yard where employees are now being reimbursed for all or a portion of their daily transportation ex- penses, either in accordance with our previous decisions or in accordance with rulings of the United States Ship- ping Board Emergency Fleet Corporation, such reim- bursement shall continue to be made on the present basis only until the United States Shipping Board Emergency Fleet Corporation shall establish a new ruling with rela- tion to the absorption or sharing of the transportation expenses of the employees at any such yards. We have reached the conclusion that, as a general rule, in cases where it is necessary for the United States Shipping Board Emergency Fleet Corporation to absorb daily transportation expenses of shipyard employees, no por- tion of the transportation cost paid by shipyard em- ployees in traveling between their homes and the ship- yards other than that which is in excess of what may be determined to be a reasonable amount for such shipyard employees to pay for transportation to and from their work at each yard should be absorbed by the United States Shipping Board Emergency Fleet Corporation, except in instances where unusual local conditions may require a different ruling. We hereby surrender, transfer to, and vest in the United States Shipping Board Emergency Fleet Corpora- tion full authority to determine to what extent the cost of daily transportation paid by shipyard employees shall be absorbed by the United States Shipping Board Emergency Fleet Corporation. ATLANTIC COAST, GULF, AND GREAT LAKES. 241 SEC. IV. Shop committees for the adjustment of griev- ances.—Shipyard owners not parties to joint agreements Rulings, oat. with the labor organizations of their respective districts; are directed to cooperate with their employees in mak-3. * * * ing effective the following rules in reference to machinery for the settlement of industrial disputes: Provided, That shipyards having in operation substantially similar rules may, on the recommendation of the district examiner approved by the board, be permitted to continue Such rules in operation. *. (1) The employees of each craft or calling in a shop or yard shall have the right to select three of their number to represent them as members of a shop committee. Each member of this committee shall be chosen for a term of six months by majority vote through Secret ballot, in such manner as the employees may direct. Vacancies for an unexpired term shall be filled by ballot. Members of an outgoing committee shall be eligible for reelection. The chairman of each shop committee shall be a member of a joint shop committee. The joint shop committee shall by ballot select five of its members to act as an executive committee to represent it in conferences with the super- intendent or higher officials of the company. In con- tested cases, the district examiner shall decide as to the validity of the election of a shop committee and super- vise a new election when he deems such new election IlêCêSS2, I’W. (2) When a grievance arises it shall be taken up by the craft or laborers’ committee with the foreman or general foreman. Failing an adjustment, the craft or laborers’ committee may then take it up with the superintendent and may call in the assistance of a representative chosen by the committee to confer over the grievance with the Superintendent or the higher officials of the company. If the grievance concerns more than one craft it shall be handled through the joint shop committee, first with the Superintendent, and then, failing a settlement, with the higher officials of the company. In such conference with the Superintendent or higher officials the joint shop com- mittee shall have the right to call in the assistance of a representative chosen by the committee. In case such conference fails to result in a satisfactory adjustment the grievance shall be submitted to the district examiner. (3) Any committee man elected in accordance with the provisions of this section who shall be found to have been discharged without just or sufficient cause, after due investigation in the manner herein provided for the ad- justment of grievances, shall be reinstated with full pay for all time lost. * SEC.W. Discrimination against union or monunion men ſprohibited.—Believing that in this national emergency past differences between employers and employees must be forgotten in the common determination to produce the 89811—22—16 242 SJHIPBUILDING LABOR, ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. Hourly wage rates established. Exhibit “A,” p. 250 maximum possible number of ships, the board will not tolerate any discrimination either on the part of em- ployers or employees between union and nonunion men; provided, that this declaration is to be interpreted so as to conform with the principles laid down by the Presi- dent of the United States in his proclamation of April 8, 1918, creating the National War Labor Board. SEC. VI. Weekly pay.—Except where otherwise pro- vided by joint agreement, employees shall be paid at least Once a week on the company’s time, and in no case shall more than one week's pay be held back. SEC. VII. Shipyard employees to be provided with Ždențification cards.--To put an end to the continuous misunderstandings as to the rates of pay to which em- ployees are entitled, the board directs that every shipyard employee is to be provided with an identification card by the shipyard company which employs him, such cards to be supplied by the Emergency Fleet. Corporation. Upon these cards shall be entered the name of the employees, the date on which the card is issued to him, his occupation, and the rate of pay which he is to receive. SEC. VIII. Prompt payment on withdrawal from em- ployment.—Any employee laid off, discharged, or quit ting of his own volition shall, as promptly as possible, and in any event within 24 hours, receive all wages due him. * SEC. IX. Compulsory insurance assessments pro- hibited.—Disapproving of insurance assessments arbi- trarily required by employers and with due regard to the limitations of existing statutes, we direct that no em- ployee who makes request for exemption in Writing shall be required by the employing shipyard to pay any assess- ment not made obligatory by State law for insurance, medical attendance, or other benefits. SEC. X. Medical first aid to be provided.—Competent medical first aid shall be provided for employees requir- ing such aid and paid for by the employer. SEC. XI. Adequate toilets, washing facilities, and drinking water to be provided.—Shipyard owners are directed to provide for their employees adequate and sanitary toilets, washing facilities, and pure drinking water, properly cooled during the Summer months. - SEC. XII. Additional sanitary precautions.—Our at- tention has been called to the danger to the health of painters, resulting from the use of spraying machines and from poisonous gases and fumes in inadequately ventilated portions of the vessel in which they are em- ployed. We request that our examiners bring such con- ditions, when found to exist in their districts, promptly to the attention of the Director of Industrial Relations. SEC. XIII. Scale of wages established.—The rates of wages to be paid to different classes of employees by the shipyards of the Atlantic coast, Gulf, and Great Lakes ATLANTIC COAST, GULF, AND GREAT LAKES. 243 district under the jurisdiction of this board shall be see supple. those Set forth in the schedule appended hereto (Exhibit ; ºt,” A), which is made a substantive part of this award. Wºº, p.";sº SEC. XIV. Wages now paid individual employees not to be cut.—Hourly or weekly rates of wages now being paid to individual employees in excess of the rates fixed are in nowise altered or affected by the establishment of these rates: Provided, That employees taken on or transferred to a different occupation after this decision becomes effective shall be paid the rates established in Schedule A : Provided further, That this shall not be interpreted to Sanction rates improperly fixed by any Shipyard. & SEC. XV. Piece rates.—No changes in existing piece rates are to be made until after the conference between representatives of the shipyards and of the piece-rate see Great Lake, crafts, which has been called to meet in Washington dur- decision, Nov.30, ing the current month has been held and its recommenda-jºon. tions have been acted upon by the board. No extensions *.*.*. of the piece-rate system to occupations not now operating Coast, Delaware under this system are to be made until the rates proposed j, "Nº." have been submitted to the board and approved by 30, 1918, p. 270. it in writing. SEC. XVI. Further eatension of eaſſisting premium, bonus, or contract Systems without ea press authorization prohibited.—A primary purpose in adopting a national tº wage scale for shipyard employees is to stabilize labor lºº. #: conditions. Experience has taught us that the premium, º. 17, 1918, p. bonus, and contract system of wage payment may, unless " " controlled, be used to entice employees from one ship- yard to another. We therefore direct that no further ex- tensions of the premium, bonus, or contract systems be made in any shipyard without the express written au- thorization of this board. SEC. XVII. Draftsmen and copyists.--In response to the request of the Navy Department and the Emergency Ruling, Jan. Fleet Corporation, of representatives of the employees 30, 1919, p. 290. affected and of many of the shipbuilding companies, we have held hearings and made a careful study of the com- pensation and privileges now enjoyed by draftsmen, with a view to standardizing these conditions in the ship- yards under our jurisdiction. On the basis of this study we direct that in all shipyards building vessels under direct contract with the Navy Department or the Emer- gency Fleet Corporation, the compensation, hours, and conditions of employment of draftsmen and copyists con- form to the following regulations to be made effective in Such shipyards with the pay period beginning on Octo- ber 1, 1918, or immediately thereafter : First. Draftsmen and copyists are to be subdivided into the following-defined classes, and are to receive the compensation indicated: 244 SEIIPBTUILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. Charge man.—Man who is in responsible charge of the drafting Work on one or more ships and who is supervising its execution. Must have had five years' ex- perience in marine drafting, or be a graduate of a tech- nical School in the course in engineering or architecture, and, in addition, have had two years’ experience in a ship- yard. Rate per hour, $1.25 during the first six months’ Service in this class, and to increase 5 cents per hour at the end of each six months’ period to a maximum of $1.50 per hour. - - Draftsman grade A.—-Man laying out and developing work completely from specification. Must have had two years’ experience as draftsman in grade B, or five years' drafting or equivalent experience outside of a shipyard, or be a graduate of a technical school in the course in engineering or architecture, and, in addition, have had one year’s experience in a shipyard. Rate per hour, $1 during the first six months’ service in this grade, and to increase 5 cents per hour at the end of each six months’ period to a maximum of $1.20 per hour. Draftsman grade B.-Man designing details. Must have served one year as draftsman in grade C, or be a graduate of a technical School in the course in engineer- ing or architecture with some shipyard experience, or have had four years' drafting or equivalent experience, outside of a shipyard. Rate per hour, $0.75 during the first six months’ service in this grade, and to increase 5 cents per hour at the end of each six months’ period to a maximum of $0.90 per hour. - /2raftsman grade C.—Man handling details under Su- pervision. Must have had two years’ experience in a shipyard or three years’ drafting or equivalent experience outside of a shipyard, or be a graduate of a technical school in the course in engineering or architecture. Rate, $0.65 per hour. First-class copyist.—Man who alters tracings to agree with work or sketches of work or man starting to do de- tail work. Must have had six months’ experience in a shipyard or in a drafting room or in a technical school. Rate per hour, $0.50 during the first six months’ service in this grade and to increase 5 cents per hour at the end of each six months’ period to a maximum of $0.60. Second-class copyist.—Man who traces from original work. Rate, $0.40 per hour. Second. The qualifications specified in the above classi- fication are minimum qualifications. Promotions from one class to another are not to be automatic, but are to depend upon the need of the shipyards for additional employees in the higher class and the personal qualifica- tions of the employees. In case of a dispute as to the grading or promotion of an employee appeal may be made to the shop committee of draftsmen, to be selected in accordance with the provisions of Section TV, and, fail- ATLANTIC COAST, GULF, AND GREAT LAKES. 245 ing an agreement between the shop committee and the chief draftsmen, to the examiner, of the district. Third. Draftsmen and copyists now employed are to be classified in accordance with the above Scale, due weight being given to proficiency, experience, length of Service, and compensation now received in determining to which class each employee shall be assigned, provided that wages now being paid to individual employees in excess of the rates fixed herein are to be in nowise altered or affected by the establishment of these rates. Fourth. The regulations in regard to hours of employ- ment and extra compensation for week-day overtime and holidays and for work on the night shift shall be the same for draftsmen and copyists as are prescribed in de- cisions of this board for mechanics in the shipyards in which they are employed. Fifth. Draftsmen and copyists shall be allowed 12 holi- days each year with pay, including the following Christ- mas, New Year's Day, Washington’s Birthday, Decora- tion Day, Fourth of July, Labor Day, Thanksgiving Day, and a half holiday on State and national election days, provided that in shipyards now allowing draftsmen more than 12 holidays a year with pay the existing custom shall not be changed. SEC. XVIII. Leading men, and quartermen.—In re-, º, . sponse to the request of the Navy Department and theiº"; #1. Emergency Fleet Corporation, and after conference with ";" ** representatives of the shipyard, and of the employees.º. 14, 1919. affected we have adopted the following definitions of * * leading men, quartermen, assistant foremen, and fore- men, and prescribe the rates of compensation indicated below for leading men and quartermen, effective for the pay period beginning on October 1, 1918, or immediately thereafter : p First. A leading man, sometimes known as a gang boss, Snapper, or pusher, is a man who directs, expedites, and * is responsible for the output or effort of a certain group of Workmen. He is responsible to a foreman, assistant foreman, or quarterman. “Leading men º' are not to be confused with “ leaders ” as defined in Exhibit A. The number of leading men should not exceed on the aver- age 1 to every 12 in the craft under their direction: Pro- ovided, That in a yard or upon a vessel in which less than 12 men of any craft are employed there may be one lead- ing man for such craft. Rate per hour, $0.18 in addition to the hourly rate fixed for first-class mechanics in the craft under his direction. - Second. A quarterman, sometimes known as a subfore- man, is a man who directs and expedites and is respon- sible for the effort and output of more than one group of Workmen. He is responsible to a foreman or assist- ant foreman. The number of quartermen shall not ex- 246 SETIP:BTUILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. ceed on an average 1 to every 30 men in the craft under their direction: Provided, That there may be one quarter- man to each craft employed on small vessels, irrespective of the number of men of that craft so employed. Rate per hour, $0.36 in addition to the hourly rate fixed for first-class mechanics in the craft under his direction. Third. An assistant foreman is a man who, under the direction of the foreman, handles a part of the work of a foreman, and who takes the place of the foreman in his absence. A foreman is a man who supervises the work of all the men in a particular department or trade, in accordance with the Organization Scheme of the plant at which he is employed. He is responsible to the superintendent or the assistant Superintendent, and has under his immediate Supervision the assistant foreman and the quarterman and leading men in his department or trade. After careful consideration we have decided that it would be unwise for this board to attempt to standardize the compensation of foremen and assistant foremen. We therefore leave the determination of the compensation of these employees to the yards concerned, subject to any supervision which the Navy Department or the Emer- gency Fleet Corporation may deem it necessary to exer- cise. We also assume no jurisdiction over the employ- ment or discharge of foremen, believing that responsi- bility for the selection and control of the Supervisory force should rest squarely with the shipyards themselves. Fourth. The regulations in regard to hours of employ- ment and extra compensation for week-day overtime and holidays and for work on the night shift shall be the Amended Dec. 4, 1918, p. 274. same for leading men and quartermen as are prescribed in decisions of this board for mechanics in the shipyards in which they are employed. SEC. XIX. Guards, watchmen, and Sergeants.- Guards, watchmen, and sergeants are to work eight hours a day for six days a week. No overtime is to be required, except in extreme emergencies, or when the number of employees is insufficient to permit of rotation. The com- pensation for overtime and for Sundays and holidays is to be at straight time. Rates per hour: In South At- lantic and Gulf yards, guards and watchmen, $0.50; Ser- geants, $0.55. In North Atlantic and Great Lakes yards, guards and watchmen, $0.55; sergeants, $0.60, effective for the pay period beginning on October 1, 1918, or im- mediately thereafter. The line of division between the North and South Atlantic is the southern boundary of North Carolina. SEC. XX. Compensation of instructors.—To stand- ardize the compensation and conditions of employment of the growing number of instructors employed by the shipyards to train learners in occupations in which the available supply of qualified journeymen is insufficient, ATLANTIC COAST, GULF, AND GREAT LAKES. 247 the board establishes the following grades of instructors, with the weekly compensation specified: Salary per week. Junior instructors $50 InstructOrS — - 55 Senior instructOl'S - 60 Instructors are not to be required to work overtime nor on holidays, except in emergencies, and when so em- ployed are to receive no extra compensation. Instructors now employed are to be assigned to these different grades in accordance with their proficiency, length of service, and compensation now received: Pro- ołded, That rates of compensation now being paid to in- dividual employees in excess of the rates herein are to be in no wise altered or affected by the establishment of these rates: And provided further, That instructors taken on or transferred from a different occupation after this de- cision becomes effective shall be paid the rates herein established. SEC. XXI. Rates of wages for occupations not speci- fied.—Rates of wages for shipbuilding occupations not included in Exhibit A will be fixed by a supplementary decision, to be issued as soon as the necessary information can be collected. Meantime, existing rates for these occu- pations are to remain unchanged, except on the recom- mendation of the district examiner approved by the board. - SEC. XXII. Wo intermediate rates for occupations in- cluded in decision to be paid.—The rates fixed for occu- pations enumerated in Exhibit A are the rates to be paid employees in these occupations, except where special Rulings, Oct. 26, 1918, p. 255; Nov. 18, 1918, p. 264. rates for learners have been established by joint agree- ment or have been approved by the board, as provided in the following sections. SEC. XXIII. Method of training new men when the available Supply of qualifted journeymen is inadequate.— At a conservative estimate the shipyards of the country will require 200,000 additional employees to carry out the present shipbuilding program. Whenever the board shall be convinced by investigation, in connection with which the representatives of the employees as well as the ship- yard owners shall be consulted, that there is an inadequate Supply of qualified mechanics in any occupation, and that this can not be met by transferring mechanics from non- essential industries in other parts of the country, the board will issue regulations covering the following points: (1) The method of training new men to be set up and administered subject to the supervisory control of the director of industrial relations of the Emergency Fleet Corporation; (2) the rate of wages to be paid those admitted to the training course; (3) the duration of the course; (4) the rate to be paid graduates of the course during a stated probationary period before they shall be Ruling, D e c. 14, 1918, p. 278. 248 SEIIL’ETUILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. entitled to receive the wages fixed for fully qualified jour- neymen; and (5) the method of determining when grad- uates of the course have acquired sufficient skill to en- title them to be ranked as qualified journeymen. ,”; º; , SEC. XXIV. Learners’ rates for certain crafts in which 1919, p. 300. Rulings, Oct Oct. 23, 1918, p 255 ; Oct. 29 the supply of journeymen is inadequate.—After consul- tation with the international officials of the International Union of Boilermakers, Iron Shipbuilders and Helpers of America, we prescribe the following rates and condi- tions for pupils in the training schools in the different yards under our jurisdiction: (1) Riveters’ learners, $0.56, to be continued for a period not to exceed six weeks, when they are to be advanced to the full riveter’s rate of $0.80; (2) chipper's and calker’s learners, -$0.56, to be continued for a period not to exceed six weeks, when they are to be advanced to the full chipper's, and calker’s rate of $0.80; (3) driller's learners, $0.46, to be continued for a period not to exceed four weeks, when they are to be advanced to the full driller’s rate of $0.68; (4) reamer's learners, $0.46, to be continued for two weeks, when they are to be advanced to the full reamer's rate of $0.58; (5) bolter’s-up learners, $0.46, to be continued for two weeks, when they are to be advanced to the full bolter’s-up rate of $0.58; (6) holders'-on learners, $0.48, to be continued for four weeks, when they are to be advanced to the full holders'-on rate of $0.60; (7) heaters, $0.46, to be con- tinued for two weeks, when they are to be advanced to the full heater’s rate of $0.50; (8) shipfitter’s learners, $0.70, to be continued for a period not to exceed three months, when they are to be advanced to the full ship- fitter’s rate of $0.80; 1 (9) loftsman’s learners are to be paid the shipfitter's rate of $0.80 for a period not to ex- ceed four months, when they are to be advanced to the loftsman’s rate of $0.90. Whenever put on piecework, learners are to receive the regular piecework rates. lsº ºf: SEC. XXV. Working hours, holidays, and extra com- 3. pensation for overtime, holidays, and work on the night 3. išiš, p. 25% shift.—Pending the announcement of a national labor Dec. 3, 1918, p 273 ; D e c. 4 1918, p. 273; Feb 14, 1919, p. 30 Feb. 27, 1919, p 303. policy standardizing working conditions on Government 3. work and work for the Government, the working hours, holidays, and extra compensation for overtime, holidays, and work on the night shift shall remain as established for shipyards and repair yards in the respective districts by previous decisions of this board. In case of dispute, as to what these conditions were in the shipyards of any district, the standard shall be the conditions observed in such district during the corresponding month of the pre- ceding year. 1 Shipfitters rated as second class at the time of this decision, if re- tained in omployment, are to be paid the full, 80-cent rate, provided they havo had the training prescribed above or equivalent training. Otherwise they aro to be classed as shipfitters' learners at 70 cents for three months before being advanced to the 80-cent rate. The shipfitters' learners are to lye men who have had three months' ex- perience as shipfitters' helpers and three months' experience as linermen or equivalent training. ATLANTIC COAST, GULF, AND GREAT LAKES. 249 SEC. XXVI. Application of decision.—This decision shall apply on the Atlantic coast, Gulf, and Great Lakes to shipbuilding and ship-repairing plants and plants en- gaged in installing equipment in ships under direct con- Ituling, No v. 3, 1918, p. 260. tracts with the Navy Department or the Emergency Fleet Corporation or the United States Shipping Board, to work performed by Subcontractors in such plants or upon such ships being built or repaired under such contracts and to shipyard construction or extension in this district, the expense of which is borne entirely by the Navy De- partment or the Emergency Fleet Corporation; provided, that rates and working conditions in connection with such yard construction or extension for building occupa- tions are to be the prevailing rates and working condi- tions in the building trades in the locality in which the shipyard is situated. SEC. XXVII. Date wheri decision becomes effective.— By combining into one district for wage-adjustment pur- Rulings, Oct. 30, 1918, p. 257; Dec. 11, 1918, p. poses the North Atlantic, the Delaware River and Balti- 3:33 tº º, 14, more, the Newport News and Chesapeake Bay, the South 1918, p. 277. Also Oct. 28, Atlantic and Gulf, and the Great Lakes districts of our *, PP. *-*. decisions, we have taken a long step in the direction of national uniformity. We desire to take another step and make this new decision effective in all of these districts upon the same date. This date is earlier than might fairly be claimed by some of these districts, later than might have been claimed by others. So much dissatis- faction has been caused by the variable retroactive pro- visions of our earlier decisions that we have decided not to make this decision retroactive for any shipyard nor occupation, but in determining on the effective date to . strike an average that will be fair and reasonable for the enlarged district as a whole. The rates and other con- ditions provided in this decision shall, therefore, be put into effect in all the shipyards to which it applies for the pay period beginning on or innmediately after Tuesday, October 1, 1918. W. EvKRIT MACY, Chairman, Appointed by the President of the United States. L. C. MARSHALL, Appointed by the Navy Department and the Emergency Fleet Corporation. A. J. BERREs, * Appointed by the President of the • American Federation of Labor. WAs.IIINGTON, D.C., October 24, 1918. 250 SHIPBUILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. EXELIBIT A. ... See concrete W7 ſt º ſº e * g ship workers’ Wage scale for employees in Shipyards of Atlantic coast, Gulf, rates, Dec. 6, and Great LalceS. 1918, p. 274. - OCCUPATION 1 ACetylene department: --- - Burners— Rate per hour. First Class $0.76 Second class . 70 FIelpers . 54 ChipperS___. © - . 58 Grindlers * . 58 Welders - . 80 Welders' helpers . 54 Anglesmith department : Anglesmiths— Heavy fires” . 96 Heavy-fire helpers - . 64 Other fil’eS , 80 Other fire helpers *– - * 54 Furnace men on shapes and plates (ship WOrk) ––––––– . 90 Furnace men Om Shapes and plates, helperS_________--- . 64 Electric Welders - . 82 Heaters in angle work . 64 Blacksmith shop : & Blacksmiths, heavy fires” . . 96 Blacksmiths, heavy-fire helpers . 64 Back handler . 54 |BlackSmiths, other fires - . 80 Blacksmiths, other fire helpers . 54 BOlt makers . 80 Bolt makers’ helpers . 54 Drop forgers . 80 Drop forgers' helpers . 54 Hammer and machine forgers, heavy “ 1. 48 Hammer and machine forgers' helpers * . 64 Pſammer runnel'S, heavy . 64 Hammer runners, Other . 58 Heaters . 64 Heaters to heavy forgers . 76 Level: Imen Ol' Cranemen . 80 Lever men's Ol' Cranemen’s helperS . 58 Liner forgel'S . 64 Liner forgers' helperS___. . 54 Boiler shop : POilermakel's - . 80 Boilermakers’ helpers ––––– 54 Flange turners . S6 Flange turners’ helpers ––––– . 64 Drillers, pneumatic * . 68 HolderS-On –––––– 60 Planer hands - . 64 Rivet heaters __ . 50 Rivet heaters, boys (Newport. News) . 30 Slab furnace men - . S6 Slab furnace men’s helpers * * . 64 gº * The occupations enumerated in this decision are described in the “Handbook on Shipyard Occupations,” published by the United States Shipping Board Emergency Fleet Corporation, copies of which may be obtained through the district examiners of the Shipbuilding Labor Adjust- ment Board. * Anglesmiths and blacksmiths, heavy fire, are anglesmiths and black- smiths who normally require two or more helpers in connection with their work. Laborers and backhandlers are not to be considered helpers under this definition. .* FIammer and machine forgers, heavy, are men who normally work bil- lets 6. inches in diameter and up, and use a furnace for heating. Men doing drop-forging Work are not to come within this classification. ATLANTIC COAST, GULF, AND GREAT LAKES. 251 Bolting and liner department: Rate per hour. F3Olter $0.58 Linermen wº - - . 64 Linermen’s helperS . 54 Cement department : Cementers tº ºmº . 60 Cementers’ helpers . 50 Chipping and callring department: Chippers and Calkers ––––– 80 Packers . 5S Tank teStel'S . S6 (jleaning department : Leaders * . 64 CopperSImith department : CopperSmiths $º emº . 86 Coppersmiths' helpers . 54 Heat, frost, and asbestos WOrkers (pipe COVerel's) –––––– . 80 . Helpers -------------------------------------------- Pipe fitters Pipe fitters' helpers –––––– Plumbers - Plumbers’ helpers - - - - Steam fittel's Steam fitters' helpers Drilling and realming department : Drillers (pneumatic) Reamers (pneumatic) Electrical department: Electricians Electricians’ helpers Joiners Machinists, first class Wiremen Erecting department : Marine erector's— First Class Second class Helpers Specialists or handymen Fitting-up department: Angle and frame Setters Fitters Fitters' helpers Plate hangers (regulators), first class Plate hangers, Second class Plate hangers’ helpers Foundry department : Casting cleaners (hand and machine chippers) -------- Chippers and grinders Cupola tenders Cupola tenders' helpers Molders Molders’ helpers Furnace department: Heaters Leaders" Strikers Hull engineering department: Joiners Joiners’ helpers . 54 See ruling, . 80 Nov. 29, 1918, p. 5.1267. . 80 . 54 . 80 . 54 . 68 . 58 . 80 . 54 . 80 . 80 . 64 * Leaders work along with the gangs they direct and are not to be con- fused with “leading men. * Leaders.work along with the gangs they direct and are not to be con- fused with “ leading men.” 252 SETIPBUILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. Hull engineering department—Continued. Marine erectors— First class . Second class Rate per hour. Helpers Specialists Or handymen Joiner department: Joiners Joiners’ helpers MaChille men Machine men's helpers Lumber department: * Machine men Machine men’s helpers Machine shop : Machinists— First Class Second class Helpers Specialists or handymen Metal polishers, buffers, and platers . Material, labor department: Brakemen, yard Ruling, Nov. Checkers, material-- 29, 1918, p. 267. Conductors, locomotive Conductors, road Crane Engineers, locomotive Firemen, locomotive Hoisting and portable firemen Hook and chain fasteners (hook tenders) ––––––––––––– Hook and chain fasteners’ leaders" Operators of aerial hoists, single and double cable- ways, hoisting donkeys and winches, hoisting cranes and derricks, with carrying capacity of Over 3 tonS__ Operators of nonhoisting donkeys and Winches––––––––– Switchmen, yard Mold loft : Joiners Joiners’ helpers LOftSmen Loftsmen’s helpers Ruling, Now . Paint department: 29, 1918, p. 267. Painters and polishers Painters' and polishers’ helpers Painters, bitumastic Red leaders Pattern shop : Pattern makerS Plant maintenance department: HOSemen Saw filers Saw filers’ helpers Tool grinders Toolsmiths (tool dressers) Power-house department: Engineers (steam and electric) Firemen Oilers Water tenderS $0.80 . 72 . 54 . 62 ° I,eaders work along with the gangs they direct and are not to be con- fused with “ leading men.” ATLANTIC COAST, GULF, AND GREAT LAKES. 253 Rigging department: . Rate per hour. Erectors $0.58 Erectors’ leaders" . 68 Ruling, Nov. Hook and chain fasteners (Crânemen, crane riggers) --- . 62 29, 1918, p. 267. Hook and chain fasteners’ leaders" . 72 Riggers, loft and ship - . 74 Riveting department: Heater's . 50 Heater boys, Newport News . 30 HolderS-On . 60 PaSSel's . 36 Passer boys (Newport News) . 25 Riveters . 80 Rivet testers . 86 Stage builders " .. 66 Ship carpenter department: Ship Carpenters— First class . 80 Second class . 74 Helpers . 54 Ship shed department : Bending rollers . 80 CounterSinkel's . 64 Drillers (operators of drill presses) .-64 Mangle rollers . 66' Offsetters . 64 Planers w . 64 Punchers . 64 PreSSlmen— & * First Class - . 72 Second class . 64 Helpers . 54 Sawyers . 54 Scarfel'S . 64 Ventilation department : Sheet-metal WOrkel'S . S0 Sheet-lmetal workers’ helpers___: . 54 All departments: -- - Checkers, material . 64 Common laborers (South Atlantic and Gulf) --------- . 36 Counters (piecework) . 68 Laborers . 46 Layers-out,” $0.05 in addition to journeyman's hourly Tate. - Storeroom clerks . 58 Timekeepers . 58 Wage Scale for €mployees in 4000d.677-ship yards not involuded above. CalkerS - $0.80 Calkers’ helpers . 54 §: and plankers * . 62 Ruling, N ut-Off-Saw Operatol'S . 58 1ng, IN O V. Fasteners" I - tº § 29, 1918, p. 267. General helpers __ . 54 Millmen . 80 Oakum spinners (per bale) 2. 50 " Leaders work along with the gangs they direct and are not to be con- fused with “leading men.” * Layel's-out are men who lay out work direct from the blue prints. 9 Fasteners embrace men operating either air or electrically driven augers or hammers, driving driftbolts or treemails, fastening timbers with Strap irons, fastening driftbolts after driving, managing treenail cap tools, and splitting and wedging treenails, & 2 SHIPB UILDING LABOR ADJ USTMENT BOARD AWARDS. {) re 4 Ship carpenters (shipwrights) : Rate per hour. First Class --- $0.80 Second class . 74 Helpers . 54 Ship joiners . 80 Stage builders . 66 Treenail-lmachine Operators . 58 Woodworking-machine (Small) operators .58 TINSMITHS. SHEET-METAL WORKERS. October 15, 1918. Board to Examiner (Great Lakes). - TimSmiths are to be classed as sheet-metal workers and should get sheet-metal workers’ rates. gº - HANDYMEN_PATTERN SHOP. October 15, 1918. Board to Examiner (Great Lakes). No provision is made for handymen in the pattern shop and we see no reason for putting in a rate for handy- men, since good laborers are usually employed to assist the pattern makers. WOOD CALKERS. October 17, 1918. Board to Examiner (Middle Atlantic). Board authorizes payment of 70-cent rate to wood calkers in all yards in your district. OVERTIME_SUNDAY NIGHT SHIFT. October 18, 1918. Board to Examiner (New York). Men working Sunday nights should be paid double time until midnight and straight time plus 5 per cent after midnight. g STARTING FIRES_EXTRA COMPENSATION. October 23, 1918. Board to Examiner (Philadelphia). In the light of the information you have collected, the board believes that the present plan of leaving it to each yard to pay the helpers in the blackSmith and angle Smith shops for the extra time which they are required to spend in starting fires according to the time they so spend is . preferable to any plan by which an arbitrary allowance would be made for this purpose, since it is clear that the requirements of different yards call for the expenditure of very diverse amounts of time. Please communicate this conclusion to Mr. Tobin and, at the same time, assure him that the board intends that helpers required to begin work earlier than other mechanics should receive extra compensation unless they are permitted to leave work earlier so that the total amount of time spent by them does not exceed the normal day required of other mechanics. ATLANTIC COAST, GULF, AND GREAT LAKES. 255 OHIO, SATURDAY. HOLIDAY IAW. October 19, 1918. Board to District Manager (Great Lakes). Our attention has recently been called to the fact that under State law Saturday is to be observed as a half holi- day in Ohio. We are writing representatives of labor who raise this issue that under the decision of this board no extra compensation is to be paid to employees who work on legal holidays. The holidays for which they are entitled to extra compensation are expressly enu- merated in the decisions of the board and are to be alike for all yards. Whether, in view of the Ohio law, it is desirable to at- tempt to require shipyard employees to work Saturday afternoons in that State is a matter that can only be de- cided by reference to local conditions and opinion. We feel that we must insist that they shall work on straight time, except in the months of June, July, and August, if they do work on Saturday afternoons. SATURDAY-HALF HOLIDAY. October 23, 1918. Board to Examiner (Great Lakes). The board is not willing to authorize the continuance as”; º; of Saturday half holiday and we trust the practice in * * * * effect prior to June will be resumed. TERMINATION OF EMPLOYMENT—RETROACTIVE PAY. October 24, 1918. General Letter. The board has ruled that any man who was employed in a shipyard during the period covered by the retroac- tive-pay period is to receive retroactive pay for the period he was employed, determined in exactly the same way as though he were still employed in the same yard and with- out regard to the fact that his employment was inter- rupted or transferred to some other yard or occupation. SHOP COMMITTEES.–COMPANY’S TIME. October 24, 1918. Board to Examiner. We are very much surprised to hear that the previous examiner authorized the shop committee to meet on the company’s time, as we had not authorized such action on his part. (This is the first instance in which it was decided that shop committees could not meet on the company’s time.) OCCUPATIONS NOT IN AWARD. º October 26, 1918. Board to Examiners. You will note that provision is made for a supple-ºrsº. mentary decision to include rates for occupation not cov- 256 SETIPBUILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. ered by this decision (Oct. 1, 1918). Rates for these Occupations listed should not be changed. In case there are occupations like that of mason, the prevailing rate in the building trades in the locality should be paid, but the working conditions should be the same as prescribed for all crafts in the shipyards. RETROACTIVE PAY-METHOD of CALCULATION. October 28, 1918. Board to Todd (New York). Your instructions concerning retroactive pay under the old award are as follows: 1. Go over your pay rolls to determine the status of every workman under the old award. 2. List for retroactive pay all those workers who, under the old award, were paid a rate less than that provided by the Shipbuilding Labor Adjustment Board for the craft and classification in which the individuals in ques- tion were employed on work for the Emergency Fleet, the Shipping Board, or the Navy. The amount of retroactive pay in these cases will be the difference between the earnings of the men at the rate they have received and what they would have earned had they received the rate set forth in the award. 3. In cases in which there is doubt about the classifi- cation of particular men, secure the approval of the examiner for the classification adopted. 4. In cases in which there is doubt about the date at which particular individuals were entitled to that classi- fication under which they now appear, establish in confer- ence with the examiner a date from which the classifica- tion and retroactive pay under the classification is to run. 5. Submit the list of persons entitled to retroactive pay with the amounts in each case to the auditors or pay- masters of the Emergency Fleet, the Shipping Board, or the Navy, as the case may be. - 6. Pay the retroactive amounts duly established and approved as above set forth. - 7. Report to the examiner any proposed payments which the auditors or paymasters decline to pass. SATURDAY HALF HOLIDAY. October 28, 1918. Board to Southland Steamship Co., Savan- nah, Ga. Mr. McGowan’s telegram was based on the fact that according to the decision of this board the working day on Saturdays during the months of June, July, and August is four hours, and men employed in shipyards over four hours on that day were to receive time and one- half as their compensation. The four-hour Saturday in that district ended the last of August, and since Sep- tember 1 your employees should have worked eight hôurs ATLANTIC COAST, GULF, AND GREAT LAKES. 257 on Saturdays and received compensation for overtime Only for hours in excess of eight. It was doubtless through an oversight that Mr. Mc- Gowan made his telegram general, and we feel sure he had no intention of authorizing you to pay your men overtime compensation for work on Saturday afternoons after August 31. The auditor of the Fleet Corporation understands this matter and of course would not reim- burse for overtime compensation on Saturdays except during June, July, and August on any other basis than applies to other week days. * • . CORRECTION OF WRONG RATING. October 28, 1918. Board to Navy Department. Providing that the uniform rule of the board has been that when a new rating is granted to correct a mistake in rating, the new rate is to be retroactive as though it had been originally granted. When, on the other hand, a new rate is the result of a promotion, it, of course, is not retroactive. ELECTION DAY. October 29, 1918. Board to Examiners (Atlantic Coast). Correct interpretation election holiday provision for your district is that men work four hours at straight time on national election day and receive double time for time worked in excess of four hours. BACK PAY. October 30, 1918. Board to Examiner (Philadelphia). In interpreting this last statement it is the intention of , , Rºigs, 2. 11, 1918, p. 276 ; the board that should the pay period have begun, for bºis, e. example, on October 3, 4, or 5, the back pay shall date” * from the 3d, 4th, or 5th. PAY PERIoD For NEw RATEs. October 30, 1918. Board to Examiners. Please convey to the shipyards in your district the in- formation that the Shipbuilding Labor Adjustment Board directs them to pay their employees in accordance with the new rates fixed in the decision issued under date of October 24 for the current pay period including back pay to such employees at those rates from the pay period beginning on or immediately after October 1. Asºº In interpreting this last statement it is the intention of the board that should the pay period have begun, for example, on October 3, 4, or 5, the back pay shall date from the 3d, 4th, or 5th. 89811—22 17 258 SHIPBUILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. SHOP COMMITTEES. November 1, 1918. Statement in reference to Shop Committees. In interpretation of Section IV of the decision of Octo- ber 24, and to clear up certain ambiguities in the phras- ing, this supplementary statement for the guidance of joint shop committees is issued: - (1) The joint shop committee is to be guided in its work by the knowledge that it is acting in the interest of the Government and that it is, next to the examiner, the principal medium for the adjustment of all grievances presented by either the men or the company. It should deal with grievances as a judicial body and is to do its utmost to effect a settlement in accordance with the pro- visions of the award without recourse to the examiner, who is to be called in only as a last resort. It is under- stood that it is to approach all questions in dispute in a nonpartisan manner and give the Government the benefit of its fair-minded judgment. It is to render decisions that will be considered fair and impartial. \s (2) The executive committee is intended to assist the joint shop committee in the transaction of its business, but may be dispensed with if in the judgment of the ex- aminer and the joint shop committee it serves no useful purpose. (3) Where joint shop committees are established and operate under the guidance and supervision of the ex- aminer, a craft committee should not call in an outside representative until after the joint shop committee fails to effect a satisfactory settlement. - (4) The examiner must see to it that grievances re- ferred to the joint shop committee are promptly and efficiently dealt with. He is therefore authorized to ap- prove any reasonable plan by which the joint shop com- mittee may meet under proper conditions and at regular intervals. - (5) The joint shop committee should impress upon the men their obligations to the Government to make their maximum contribution to the production of ships. Any failure on their part to work on Saturday afternoons or the prescribed number of hours on other days, or to com- ply with other rules laid down by the Shipbuilding Labor Adjustment Board or by the district manager of the Fleet Corporation designed to secure maximum ship pro- duction, must be condemned as evidence of an unwilling- ness on their part to play fair with the Government and to carry out the implied obligation resulting from ac- ceptance of the benefits of the machinery created by the Government. REPAIR OR “ DIRTY 2’ WORK. Rulings Nov. November !. 1918. Board to All Repair Yards in Delaware 5, ‘iº. 3. River, Baltimore, and Chesapeake Bay Districts. jº; º; SEC. XIII-A. Eatra compensation for “dirty?” work.-- 5 ; Jan. 6, 1919, e tº º e **** Supplementing the decision issued on October 24, the ATLANTIC COAST, GULF, AND GREAT LAKES. 259 Shipbuilding Labor Adjustment Board established the following rule with reference to the payment of extra compensation to employees engaged on repair work in the Delaware River, Baltimore, and Chesapeake Bay districts: - Pending the announcement of national labor stand- ards, and in the interest of greater uniformity of wages and other conditions in the repair yards under our juris- diction, employees of the different crafts, employed in shipyards in the Delaware River, Baltimore, and Chesa- peake Bay districts, whose hourly rates are fixed in Exhibit A of the decision issued on October 24, shall receive 10 cents an hour in addition to the rates there fixed for all “dirty work” in connection with the repair of vessels, performed in or for such vessels. No extra compensation for work which is not fairly described as “dirty work” other than double time for overtime shall hereafter be allowed on repair work in such yards. This provision is to be interpreted and applied as part of the decision issued on October 24, effective for the pay period beginning at or immediately after October 1. SUPERVISORY, MANAGERIAL, AND PROFESSIONAL - FORCE. November 2, 1918. Board to All Examiners. After careful consideration, the Shipbuilding Labor . Ruling, Dec. Adjustment Board has decided that, as in the past, it * * * * will not attempt to regulate the compensation of members of the supervisory, managerial, or professional force above the grade of quartermen, nor of the office or clerical employees who have not already been covered in the decision issued on October 24. The reasons for this decision, of the board are that the standardization of the compensation of these em- ployees over the large areas—two covering the whole United States—which have not been united in districts for wage adjustment purposes, appears unwise; that the evidence at hand indicates that the compensation of these employees has already been substantially increased, but in accordance with no regular or general plan, by the different shipyards which makes standardization of rates at the present time extremely difficult, and, finally, as regards the managerial force, the injection of an out- side authority between the management and the indi- . vidual affected is not advantageous from the point of view of plant efficiency. RED LEADERS. November 1, 1918. Board to Examiners. Advise all yards your district rate for red leaders, new decision, should be 60 cents. 260 SHIPBTUILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. CARPENTERS–FIRST AND SECOND CLASS. November 2, 1918. Board to Examiner (Jacksonville). Board approves giving form carpenters first and Sec- ond class same rates as ship carpenters first and second class, concrete yards, Jacksonville. - INSTALLATION.—JURISDICTION OF BOARD. November 3, 1918. Board to Examiners. Since board has only just assumed jurisdiction over companies installing equipment on ships, decision for them is effective from October 1 only. * In reply to your inquiry of the 27th, file L–1–2, we wish to say that this board received from Mr. Piez on October 22 a letter authorizing it to take jurisdiction of installa- tion yards. The Fleet Corporation is paying the cost of direct labor in all installation contracts, and those con- tracts contain a provision that the contractor will comply with all instructions as to wages and conditions of em- ployment of labor given by the Fleet Corporation. The taking of jurisdiction by this, board in October was occa- sioned by disturbances of the labor supply in shipyards arising from unequal rates being paid for installation work. - (This was ruled to be effective October 1.) COREMAKERS–LINER FITTERS–OPERATOR'S OF RIVET-MAKING MACHINES. November 5, 1918. General Letter. Making following changes: Coremakers ranked as molderS.-------- $0.80 I,inor fitters ranked as linermen . 64 Operators on rivet-making machines––––––––––––––––––––– 80 FASTENERs—wooD YARDS—CORRECTION. November 5, 1918. Board to District Examiners. Changing rate of fasteners in wood yards from 62 cents to 68 cents. COPPERSMITH DEPARTMENT. November 6, 1918. Circular Letter. Amending October 1 award by adding heat, frost, and asbestos workers’ helpers, 54 cents. CORRECTION — WOOD YARDS – ATLANTIC COAST, GREAT LAKES, AND GULF. November 6, 1918. Board to Examiners. Following corrections to be made in October award: Fasteners’ rate should be 68 cents instead of 62 cents; red leaders’ rate should be 60 cents instead of 56 cents. ATLANTIC, COAST, GULF, AND GREAT LAKES. 261 REPAIR WORK–CONSTRUCTION WORK. November 5, 1918. Board to Examiner (New Orleans). A vessel that has not been delivered to the owner is still 10%; º: in process of construction. 4. If the trial trip demonstrates the need of changes, they must be regarded as part of the original work of construc- tion, rather than as repair work. POWER-HOUSE ENGINEERS. November 5, 1918. Board to Examiner (New Orleans). Power-house engineers should receive extra compensa- tion for overtime and work Sundays and holidays exactly same as mechanics. RATES CHANGED–COPPERSMITHS. November 6, 1918. Circular Letter. Heat, frost, and asbestos workers’ helpers, 54 cents. FASTENERS–RED LEADERS. November 6, 1918. Circular Letter to Wood Yards. Two corrections are to be made in our October award. Fasteners’ rate should be 68 cents instead of 62 cents; red leaders’ rate should be 60 cents instead of 56 cents. FLASK MAKERS. November 7, 1918. Board to American Shipbuilding Co. (Great Lakes). Board directs you to pay flask makers 66 cents per hour. APPRENTICESHIP RATES. W. & A. FLETCHER CO. November 9, 1918. Board to Examiner (New York). Board approves proposed apprenticeship rates at Fletchers, provided you are satisfied that boys are bona fide apprentices. Board authorizes continuance 70-cent rate fire-brick masons pending possible later decision. Board can not approve rates in excess award machine shop except the one rate protected by section XIV. BAND-SAW FILERS. November 9, 1918. Board to Examiner (Houston). . Seventy cents for band-saw filers in Gulf district (not retroactive) approved. MASON.—FIRE BRICK–W. & A. FLETCHERS CO. November 9, 1918. Board to Examiner (New York). Authorizes provisional rate to fire-brick masons of 70 centS. 262 SHIPBUILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. “Pie C e Rate Book.” 290. See FLASK CARRIERS–LABORERS. November 11, 1918. Board to Examiners (North Atlantic and Great Lakes). g * * Flask carriers ranked as laborers in North Atlantic and Great Lakes yards should receive the 46-cent rate. ENGRAVERS, FILERS, ETC. (NEWPORT NEWS ONLY). November 12, 1918. Board to Newport News Shipbuilding & Dry Dock Co. Following rates authorized : Engravers (women).----------------------- $0.62 Filers (women).------------------------- __ .46 Inspectors (Women).----------------------- . 54 Leading women------------------------- ––– . 72 DOCK BYUILDERS. November 14, 1918. Board to Examiner (Adams). Board authorizes rate of 74 cents for dock builders. NEW YORK SHIPBUILDING CO. NEW RATES. November 13, 1918. Board Authorizes Following Rates (N. Y. S. B. Co. Only). Acid men ---------------------------------------------- $0.70 Acid men helpers--------------------------------------- . 64 Chippers and call:ers—same rates for hand and pneumatic WOrkers. - Duplicators (laying Out work from templates) –––––––––––– . 70 Fitters—general rate . 8() Galvanizers, first class__- . 80 Galvanizers, Second class * * - - - - - - - - - - - - - - . 72 Operators on locomotive cranes______ –––. . . 80 Truckers---------------------------- —º —— . 58 Water tenders’ leaders * - . 70 Welders, Spot, in ventilation department — , , 70 WOOD REAMERS. November 14, 1918. Poard to Examiners (Houston and New Orleans). Establishing rate of 68 cents an hour for wood reamers. SIGNALMEN. November 16, 1918. Board to Examiner (New York). Authorizing rate of 66 cents an hour for signalmen. ALLOWANCE RATE–$22.75. November 18, 1918. Board to Fleet Corporation. The board has never authorized a resort to the “allow- ance system ’’ except under the conditions specified on page 4 of the piece-rate book. On the other hand, “work ATLANTIC COAST, GULF, AND GREAT LAKES. 263 not covered by this piece-rate schedule " would include, in accordance with the custom of the industry, “ odd or obstructed work ’’ since there is a tacit assumption in connection with any piece-rate scale that the work shall be “ready ? and that to do it, it shall not be necessary to shift the fire continuously because it consists of odd rivets for some reason not driven when that part of the work was originally performed. This should have been clearly stated in the piece-rate book, but was taken for granted because that is the universal understanding in shipbuilding in connection with piece-rate scales. Any other interpretation would be grossly unfair to the piece worker, since the few cents provided for each rivet of the different kinds is quite inadequate pay unless there are a considerable number of rivets of the kind to be driven in that part of the ship during the same working period. This, of course, makes it very difficult to control reim- bursement to yard owners after the event except on the basis of the outrageous allowance rates which have been adopted. Whenever the allowance rate exceeds the $22.75 per gang authorized by the board it should be deemed a suspicious circumstance and made the object of a special investigation. LEARNERS’ RATE–SQUANTUM PLANT—BETHLEHEM • . - SHIPBUILDING CO. November 18, 1918. Board to Examiner (Boston). Authorizing the following rates: Learners: - - - Coppersmiths----------------------------- $0.65 Electric welders--------------------------- . 62 For probationary period of four and one- half to five months, including six weeks in a school for electric welders. CORE MAKERS AND MOLDERS. November 18, 1918. Board to Examiner. Approving action in giving core makers same rate as molders. The designation of core makers was omitted from the award because it was taken for granted that they would be rated as molders. RATE TIMEKEEPERs—CRAMPS YARDS. November 18, 1918. Board to Examiner. Providing that men receiving $30 per week at Cramps should, according to the provisions of the award, con- tinue to receive that amount. The hiring rate for new men is to be the rate fixed in the decision. 264 SHIPBUILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. ELECTRICIANS OR WIREMEN. November 18, 1918. Board to Examiner. - Providing that the rate of 80 cents for electricians is. intended for all-round electricians only and is not to apply to men who merely install dead wires, which are to be classed as wiremen at the rate of 64 cents. SIGNALMEN–FEDERAL SHIPBUILDING CO. November 18, 1918. Board to Examiner (New York). Board approves your ruling that signalmen who were previously rated as cranemen at 60 cents should have their rating increased to 68 cents. This applied to Fed- eral Shipbuilding Co. only. SPECIAL RATES AND CHANGES — NEW YORK SHIP. BUILDING CO. November 18, 1918. Board to New York Shipbuilding Co. On this date the board wrote the New York Shipbuild- ing Co. and authorized certain changes in rates and con- ditions from those established in its October 24 (retro- active Oct. 1) decision. These changes were merely permissive and therefore are not incorporated here, but are enumerated in the New York shipyard ruling referred to. º SALARY RATES SUBSTITUTED FOR HO URLY RATES November 18, 1918. Board to Examiner (New York). It is our opinion that if a salary was substituted for the prescribed hourly rate the salary must correspond to the hourly rate in question. It was not intended to im- ply that jurisdiction would be taken over salaried em- ployees in occupations not included in the wage Scale. CORE MAKERS–MOLDERS. November 18, 1918. Board to Examiner (Philadelphia). Board approves rate 80 cents for core makers. Omitted designation because they supposed men to be rated as molders. HANDBOOK OF SHIPYARD OCCUPATIONS. November 19, 1918. Board to Examiner (Great Lakes). Please consider the Handbook of Shipyard Occupa- tions as a useful aid, but not as a final authority touching disputes, even when the occupation in question is defined in the handbook. WOOD REAMERS. November 18, 1918. Board to Examiner (New Orleans). Approving rate for wood reamers at 68 cents. ATLANTIC COAST, GULF, AND GREAT LAKES. 265 DIRTY WORK ON REPAIR WORK–DELAWARE RIVER, BALTIMORE, AND CHESAPEAKE BAY DISTRICT. November 19, 1918. General Letter. Supplementing the wire sent to repair yards on Novem-sºº. §§ ber 1, directing you to pay no extra compensation here- after for work which is not fairly described as “dirty" work other than double time for overtime in connection with the repair of vessels in your yard, as per the inclosed Section XIIIA, we send you the following definition of “dirty,’ work for your guidance. Claims that work other than that specified in this definition is “dirty " must be submitted through the shop committee and foreman concerned to the district examiner. On his recommenda- tion, after an investigation, the board will amplify this definition should such amplification prove to be necessary. tº DEFINITION OF “ DIRTY 2’ worrº IN CONNECTION WITH REPAIR WORK, Dirty work signifies: (1) All work in tanks, bilges, boilers, furnaces, back connections, uptakes, and stacks on board ship. (2) All work in bunkers and fire rooms on board ship. (3) All work in engine rooms on board ships. (4) All work of cutting into and removing plates or structural steel parts from the boat. - (5) All work in forepeaks and afterpeaks. (6) All work in connection with clearing scuppers and overhauling water-closets. (7) All work on steering engines and windlasses when located in inaccessible places. • Please limit your payments of the $0.10 an hour differ- ential provided for employees engaged on “dirty " repair work rigidly to work covered by this definition, mak- ing back payments in accordance with the definition to employees from whom this extra compensation has been withheld as a result of our wire of November 1. If, be- cause of the absence of any definition of “dirty " work, you have already paid employees the differential who would not be entitled to it under the definition the board will not require the recovery of such payments but will insist that no further payments be made except in strict conformity to this definition. TOOLSMITHS (TOOL DRESSERS). November 20, 1918. Board to Examiner (South Atlantic). We call your attention to the rate of 82 cents for tool- Smiths (tool dressers) given on page 26 of the October award. No ruling was ever made by which tool dressers should have received 75 cents in the Baltimore district, although it is true that this rate was established locally for certain other districts. 266 SEIIPBTJILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. TEAMSTERS, CHAUFFEURS, AND HELPERS. November 21, 1918. Board to All Examiners. Our attention has been called to the fact that there are a number of teamsters, chauffeurs, and helpers employed in the shipyards in connection with shipbuilding opera- tions, and that an injustice may be done them in conse- quence of the failure of the board to prescribe rates for them. From the information the board has received, we do not think it would be wise to attempt to standardize the wages of these employees. We therefore request you, if dis- putes arise with reference to the compensation of such employees in the yards of your district, to ascertain what compensation these men were receiving during the period covered by the previous decision and what rate would correspond to a 15 per cent increase above that compen- sation. A recommendation from you for a fair rate, cor- responding to this 15 per cent increase will receive the favorable consideration of the board. OVERPAYMENT TO MEN. November 21, 1918. Board to Examiners. The board feels that bygones should be bygones in connection with overpayments made to wage earners, and that it would be unwise to attempt to deduct from pay- ment now due payments that may have been made through somebody’s mistake in excess of the wage rate. FIRE-BRICK MASONS. November 21, 1918. Board to Examiner (Philadelphia). Board believes that rate of 80 cents, with time and a half for overtime, should be sufficient for fire-brick masons and is unwilling to approve 87%-cent rate. PUNCHERS’ AND sneanºurers (GREAT LAKES November 22, 1918. Board to Examiner (Great Lakes). Approving punchers’ and shearers’ helpers' rate at 54 CentS. COPPERSMITHS. November 22, 1918. Board to Examiner (New York). In case the local supply of coppersmiths is still inade- quate the board would consider sympathetically a recom- mendation for a learners’ rate in any given yard in that district, providing it was acceptable to the shop commit- tee, as well as to the yard concerned. i DIVERS–TAMPA DOCK CO. November 25, 1918. Board to Examiner (New Orleans). Approving rate for divers of $12, to apply to Tampa Dock Co. only. ATLANTIC COAST, GULF, AND GREAT LAKES. 267 CEILERS AND PLANKERS–WOOD YARDS. November 27, 1918. Board to All Examiners (Atlantic Coast). Establishing rate of 68 cents for ceilers and plankers in wood yards. GENERAL CHANGES. November 29, 1918. Board to All Examiners (Atlantic Coast). Following rates approved: Crane riggers in rigging department in place of hook and chain fasteners-------------- $0.70 Crane riggers leaders in rigging department in place of hook and chain fasteners------ . 80 Erectors---------------------------------- . 62 Erector leaders --------------------------- . 72 Hook and chain fasteners in rigging depart- ment to be omitted from classification. Hook and chain leaders in rigging department to be omitted from classification. IHook and chain fasteners (hook tenders) in material labor department--------------- . 58 Hook and chain fasteners leaders in material labor department------------------------ . 68 Riggers loft (in place of riggers, loft and ship)----------------------------------- . 74 GENERAL CHANGES. JNovember 29, 1918. General Letter. Certain errors and omissions have been found in the wage scale attached to the decision as to wages, hours, and other conditions in Atlantic coast, Gulf, and Great Lakes shipyards of October 24. Please make the follow- ing corrections and additions, effective as though they had appeared as part of the original decision: (1) tºº, department. Add heat, frost, and asbestos workers’ (pipe coverers’) helpers, $0.54. - (2) Material labor department. Change rates as fol- lows: Hook and chain fasteners (hook tenders) to $0.58. Hook and chain fasteners’ leaders to $0.68. (3) Paint department. Change rate for red leaders to $0.60. (4) Rigging department. (a) Eliminate from this department hook and chain fasteners and hook and chain fasteners’ leaders and strike out the words “and ship ’’ after “riggers loft and ship ’’ so that this will read “riggers, loft, $0.74.” (b) Change rates as follows: Erectors (men putting lighter materials and equipment on ship with aid of block and tackle) to $0.62. Erectors’ leaders to $0.72. (c) Add the following: Crane riggers (men working with cranes on building berths and fitting out docks), $0.70, and crane riggers’ leaders, $0.80. (5) Wage scale for employees in wooden shipyards.- Change rates for ceilers and plankers and for fasteners to $0.68. 268 SEIIPBTUILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. [Nov. 30, 1918.] gºes. GREAT LAKES DISTRICT-DECISIONAS TO RE- ADJUSTMENT OF PIECE RATES AND RETRO- ACTIVE PAY TO PIECEWORKERS IN GREAT LAKES STEEL-SHIP YARDS. SECTION I. Basis of decision.—The conference held with representatives of the crafts for which uniform piece rates had been prescribed, and of the shipyards em- ploying these crafts, resulted in the submission by rep- resentatives of the crafts of recommendations calling for Such varied rates of increase from the established rates that the board feels that it would lay itself open to criti- cism of treating the different crafts and the different districts quite unequally if it were to comply with them. Since the requests were so variable and conflicting and see piece rates since the evidence submitted indicates that the present #,'....” piece-rate scales are as well balanced as any scales that 1sº. could be devised except on the basis of months of study ’ ” “ ”''' in the yards, we have decided to make no change in the basic piece-rate scales already approved for the different districts, but instead to grant a percentage increase to employees compensated for their work in accordance with these scales. SEC. II. Increase granted.—The reason for granting an increase in hourly rates was the ascertained increase in see ruling, the cost of living. In connection with hourly rates in # 20, 1918, p. excess of $0.70 the increase granted was 10 per cent. see decision, Hourly piece-rate earnings under the present piece-rate # * * * scale have proved far in excess of $0.70, and the board therefore feels that an addition of 10 per cent to the earnings paid to pieceworkers in accordance with the established rates would be in harmony with the general plan for the readjustment of hourly rates already adopted. We therefore direct all steel yards employing men at riveting, chipping and calking, drilling, ream- ing, and fitting to add to the earnings of such men, at piecework, in accordance with the authorized scale, 10 per cent at the conclusion of each pay period, such addi- tion to be regarded as a part of the piece-rate earnings to which such men are entitled. This addition is to apply only to earnings derived from work covered by the piece- rate scale and paid for in strict conformity with that scale and does not apply to earnings based on agreement or on allowance. SEC. III. Method of controlling piece rates not in- cluded in the uniform piece-rate scales.—The board is convinced from its investigations that uniform piece rates should not be extended to other occupations in the steel yards in this district than riveting, chipping and calking, drilling, reaming, and fitting. .* e Whenever piece rates, not already approved by the board, are proposed for other occupations the matter will ATLANTIC COAST, GULF, AND GREAT LAKES. 269 be considered primarily with reference to the conditions in the yard affected. The board will cause an investiga- tion to be made of such piece rates and of the attitude of the employees affected with reference to them, and au- thorize them only when the majority of the employees to be affected are in favor of the introduction of such piece- work, and when the rates are found to conform fairly as regards the probable resulting earnings to the piece- workers affected to the principle that a piece-rate scale should permit workers of average capacity and working with reasonable diligence to earn not less than the hourly rate nor more than one and one-half times the hourly rate for a craft. - SEC. IV. Limitation on the allowance system:-The most serious abuse in connection with the payment of pieceworkers that has developed is the excessive pay- ments at the expense of the Government under cover df the “allowance system.” In its previous decision the board made the basis of payment to pieceworkers, when for any reason the piece-rate Scale could not be applied, the average earnings at piecework for the preceding three days. The board feels that this is a fair rule when fairly administered, but it has so much evidence of its abuse that it must now qualify it so that it can not be used as a device for substituting for the hourly rate what is virtually a new hourly rate out of all proportion to the rates paid in other than piece-rate crafts. It has therefore decided to attach to the provision making the three-day average piece-rate earnings the basis of com- pensation to pieceworkers who for any reason are not working on piecework, the following rule: “Provided, That this shall not be less than the hourly rate fixed in Schedule A of the decision, nor more than one and one- half times such hourly rate.” SEC. W. Basis of retroactive pay to pieceworkers.-Ex- amination of the records kept by the shipyards, and con- sultation with those experienced in the auditing of piece- work accounts convince the board that it would often be impossible to separate the earnings derived from piece- work in accordance with the uniform scales approved by the board from earnings derived from other sources, and that it is not even always practicable to determine from the records how many hours pieceworkers have been em- ployed. This makes it necessary to adopt as a basis for calculating retroactive pay for pieceworkers some plan based on the number of days worked by pieceworkers and connected with the increase in the hourly rates to the piecework occupations. After careful consideration the board has decided to authorize back pay to pieceworkers at the rate of $0.80 a day for every day worked from the pay period begin- ning on or immediately after October 1 to the period When the present award granting a 10 per cent increase 270 SHIPBTUILDING TABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. becomes effective. To determine the number of days worked the records of the shipyards are to be tabulated; for full days the full $0.80 is to be given; the total num- ber of hours worked on broken days, when the records indicate the number of hours worked, are to be divided º by eight to determine the additional number of days for which credit at the full $0.80 per day rate is to be allowed. The calculation of back pay is to be expedited in every possible way by the auditing departments and such pay is to be paid over in full as soon as the accounts have been approved by the auditors of the Navy Department or the Emergency Fleet Corporation. * W. EveRIT MACY, Chairman appointed by the President of the United States. L. C. MARSHALL, Appointed by the Wavy Department and the Emergency Fleet Corporation. A. J. BERREs, Appointed by the President of the American Federation of Labor. WASHINGTON, D. C., November 30, 1918. [Nov. 30, 1918.] DECISION AS TO READJUSTMENT OF PIECE For already RATES AND RETROACTIVE PAY TO PIECE- *::: * WORKERS IN ATLANTIC COAST, DELAWARE º RIVER, AND GULF STEEL-SHIP YARDS. ;: º, SECTION I. Basis of decision—The conference held 23i. " ' with representatives of the crafts for which uniform piece rates had been prescribed and of the shipyards em- ploying these crafts resulted in the Submission by repre- sentatives of the crafts of recommendations calling for a.º.º. such varied rates of increase from the established rates j.“. ... " that the board feels that it would lay itself open to the See decision, ; of treating . º crafts . º jºs"; districts quite unequally i it were to comply with them. 287. Since the requests were so variable and conflicting, and & since the evidence submitted indicates that the present agº", *:::: piece-rate scales are so well balanced as any scales that also decisiºn of could be devised except on the basis of months of study # * * * in the yards, we have decided to make no change in the basic piece-rate scales already approved for the different districts, but instead to grant a percentage increase to employees compensated for their work in accordance with these Scales. - SEC. II. Increase granted.—The reason for granting an increase in hourly rates was the ascertained increase in the cost of living. In connection with hourly rates in ATLANTIC COAST, GULF, AND GREAT LAKES. 271 excess of $0.70 the increase granted was 10 per cent. Hourly piece-rate earnings under the present piece-rate Scale have proved far in excess of $0.70, and the board, therefore, feels that an addition of 10 per cent to the earnings paid to pieceworkers in accordance with the established rates would be in harmony with the general plan for the readjustment of hourly rates already adopted. We therefore direct all steel yards employing men at riveting, chipping and calking, drilling, and reaming to add to the earnings of such men at piecework, in accordance with the authorized scale, 10 per cent at the conclusion of each pay period, Such addition to be re- garded as a part of the piece-rate earnings to which such men are entitled. This addition is to apply only to earnings derived from work covered by the piece-rate scale and paid for in strict conformity with that scale, and does not apply to earnings based on agreement or on allowance. SEC. III. Division of riveting gang’s piecework earn- Žngs.-The division of the riveting gang's pay prescribed in the uniform piece-rate book, was based on the old hourly rates established for riveters, holders-on, and heaters. So much dissatisfaction was shown with the rate provided for heaters on the ground that the employ- ment of boys as heaters was no longer practicable or de- sirable in many districts; that in revising the scale the board granted an increase to heaters that would make pos- sible the employment of men for this work who might, should they show the capacity, be advanced to the work of holders-on and subsequently to that of riveters, when ad- ditional holders-on or riveters were needed. To corre- spond with the new hourly rates, $0.80 for riveters, $0.60 for holders-on, and $0.50 for heaters, we prescribe that the division of the riveting gang’s pay in accordance with the uniform piece rates prescribed plus the 10 per cent authorized in Section II shall be in the following propor- tions: To the riveter, 42 per cent; to the holders-on, 32 per cent; and to the heater, 26 per cent. SEC. IV. Method of controlling piece rates not included łm the uniform piece-rate scale.—The board is convinced from its investigations that uniform piece rates should not be extended to other occupations in the steel yards in this district than riveting, chipping and calking, drilling and reaming. Whenever piece rates, not already approved by the board, are proposed for other occupations the matter will be considered primarily with reference to the conditions in the yard affected. The board will cause an investiga- tion to be made of such piece rates and of the attitude of the employees affected with reference to them and au- thorize them only when the majority of the employees to be affected are in favor of the introduction of such piecework, and when the rates are found to conform fairly Amended Dec. 10, 1918, p. 275. Ruling, Jan. 31, 1919, p. 299. 272 SEIIPBTUILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. as regards the probable resulting earnings to the piece- workers affected to the principle that a piece-rate scale should permit workers of average capacity and working with reasonable diligence to earn not less than the hourly rate nor more than one and one-half times the hourly rate Amended Dec. 1 0, 1918, pp. 275–276. for a craft. º SEC. W. Limitation on the allowance system.—The most serious abuse in connection with the payment to pieceworkers that has developed is the excessive pay- ments at the expense of the Government under, cover of the “allowance system.” In its previous decision the board made the basis of payment to pieceworkers, when for any reason the piece-rate scale could not be applied, the average earnings at piecework for the preceding three days. The board feels that this is a fair rule when fairly administered, but it has so much evidence of its abuse that it must now qualify it so that it can not be Ruling, Dec. 13, 1918, p. 277. used as a device for substituting for the hourly rate what is virtually a new hourly rate out of all proportion to the rates paid in other than piece crafts. It has, there- fore, decided to attach to the provision making the three- day average piece-rate earnings the basis of compensa- tion to pieceworkers who for any reason are not working on piecework the following rule: “Provided, That this shall not be less than the hourly rate fixed in Schedule A of the decision nor more than one and one-half times such hourly rate.” SEC. VI. Basis of retroactive pay to pieceworkers.-- Examination of the records kept by the shipyards and consultation with those experienced in the auditing of piecework accounts convince the board that it would often be impossible to separate the earnings derived from piece- work in accordance with the uniform scales approved by the board from earnings derived from other sources, and that it is not even always practicable to determine from the records how many hours pieceworkers have been em- ployed. This makes it necessary to adopt as a basis for calculating retroactive pay for pieceworkers some plan based on the number of days worked by pieceworkers and connected with the increase in the hourly rates to the piecework occupations. After careful consideration the board has decided to authorize back pay to pieceworkers at the rate of $0.80 a day for every day worked from the pay period begin- ning on or immediately after October 1 to the period when the present award granting a 10 per cent increase becomes effective. To determine the number of days worked, the records of the shipyards are to be tabulated; for full days the full $0.80 is to be given; the total num- ber of hours worked are to be divided by eight to deter- mine the additional number of days for which credit at the full $0.80 per day rate is to be allowed. The calcula- tion of back pay is to be expedited in every possible way ATLANTIC COAST, GULE, AND GREAT LAKES. 273 by the auditing departments, and such pay is to be paid over in full as soon as the accounts have been approved by the auditors of the Navy Department or of the Emer- gency Fleet Corporation. W. EvKRIT MACY, Chairman, appointed by the President of the United States. * T. C. MARSHALL, Appointed by the Navy Department and - the Emergency Fleet Corporation. A. J. BERREs, Appointed by the President of the American Federation of Labor. WASHINGTON, D. C., Wovember 30, 1918. *-*-ºm-ºsmºsºms OVERTIME_DEFINITION OF. December 3, 1918. Board to Examiner (Great Lakes). Replying to your question of the 27th as to whether or not overtime will be allowed for the hour between 7 and 8 in the morning. If the beginning time is changed from 8 o’clock to 7 in the American Shipbuilding Co.'s yard, we wish to advise you that the board has repeatedly ruled that the compensation for overtime applies to work in excess of eight hours. It will not support a claim that there was a conventional time, such as 8 o’clock when work should begin, and that work before that time is to be counted as overtime, irrespective of whether eight hours are worked or not. In the specific case you raise the board would almost certainly hold that the men were not entitled to overtime compensation for the first hour of the day, as to begin work at 7 o'clock can not be deemed cruel or unusual punishment even in the winter. NIGHT SHIFT OVERTIME ELECTION DAY. December 4, 1918. Board to Examiners. In some districts employees on the night shift have. made claim for payment of overtime for all work in excess of four hours on election day. These claims have been disapproved by the board, as the reason for making election day a half-holiday does not apply to work on the night shift. In designating election day as a half-holiday the board intended merely to safeguard the workmen in the enjoy- ment of the privilege of performing the civic duty of voting, whereas the other holidays mentioned in the award were designated to commemorate events of na- tional importance, and it was the intention to safeguard the privilege of every workman to celebrate those days. S9811—22 1S 274 SHIPBUILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. Inasmuch as the night workers’ privilege of voting is not jeopardized by working his regular hours, there is no reason why employers should be penalized with overtime charges for working the night shift the usual number of hours on he might of election day. GUARDS–PAID ON Pºg gourly, AND WEEKLY BASIS. - - December 4, 1918. Board to Fleet Corporation. Question having been raised as to the method that should be employed in calculating the retroactive pay of guards, watchmen, and sergeants, the board has decided as follows: (1) Where guards, watchmen, and Sergeants were pre- viously paid on an hourly basis their retroactive pay is to be determined by multiplying the difference between their former hourly rate and the new hourly rate by the number of hours they were employed. (2) Where the old method of payment was by the day the retroactive pay is to be determined by multiplying the difference between the now daily compensation, ascer- tained by multiplying the hourly rate by eight, and the old daily compensation by number of days employed. (3) Where the old basis of compensation was a weekly rate the retroactive pay is to be determined by multiply- ing the difference between the new weekly compensation, ascertained by multiplying the hourly rate by 48, and the old weekly compensation, by the number of weeks they were employed. CONCRETE SHIP WORKERS AND RATES_WILMING- TON, N. C., ONLY. December 6, 1918. Board to Examiner. 11"; nº. Replying to your letter of December 4, the board ap- y - V -- *-* 9 proves your recommendation for rates to be applied to workers in the concrete shipyards at Wilmington, N. C., as follows: Cents (a) Form builders, first class----------------- 80 (b) Form builders, Second class––––––––––––––– 74. (c) Reenforced steel workers––––––––––––––––– 80 (d) Reenforced steel workers’ helpers--------- 55 (e) Concrete gun Operators ------------------ 80 (f) Concrete finishers----------------------- 65 (g) Concrete workers ----------------------- 50 Following the policy adopted by the board with respect to concrete ship workers, it is understood that these rates apply to the particular work in question and are not to be interpreted as a general ruling covering concrete ship- building elsewhere. ATLANTIC COAST, GULF, AND GREAT LAKES. 275 PATTERN SHOP. December 6, 1918. Board to Examiner. The board has reviewed your recent request for a rating in the pattern shop of the New York Shipbuilding Co. with this result: It seems that there are some 70 men in the shop. This would justify 6 leading men at a rate of 18 cents in ex- cess of the journeymen’s rate. The company, therefore, is entitled to reimbursement for a supervisory force of this number. In view of the fact that the organization of the New York Shipbuilding Co. is somewhat different from that contemplated in the award, the board has reached the conclusion that it would not be objectionable to divide the compensation of the Supervisory force among 10 men instead of 6 men. This would bring the rate of each of the 10 so near to the 98-cent rate requested that the board is willing to approve your rate of 98 cents for these 1() men. PLAN TRACERS (womeºstºke TO RPEDO BOAT CO. December 6, 1918. Board to Lake Torpedo Boat Co., Bridge- port, Conn. Finished plan tracers (women) who trace finished plans from working drawings: First class, with 6 months experience in second class or equivalent, first three months, $0.30. Increase $0.05 per hour at end of each three months to a maximum of $0.40, $0.30-$0.40. Second class, with no previous experience, to increase $0.05 at end of six months, $0.25. METALLIC LATHERS (FOUGNER YARD). December 6, 1918. Board to Examiner. The board approves the rate of 80 cents for the metallic lather engaged on the construction of concrete ships at the Fougner Concrete Shipbuilding Co., the same to be retroactive to September 25, 1918. It is understood that this is not in any way to be regarded as a general ruling. MASONS’ HELPERS. December 10, 1918. Board to Examiner (Boston). Rate of 54 cents for masons’ helpers approved. PIECE RATES-GANGs—DIVISION OF EARNINGS. December 10, 1918. General Letter. On further consideration, we nave decided that the change in the division of the riveting gang’s pay an- nounced in the decision as to pieceworkers, of Novem- ber 30, would be ill-advised. We therefore direct you to 276 SEIIPBUILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. disregard Section III of the decision, which is hereby revoked. The division of the riveting gang's pay will continue to be in the following proportion: To the riveter, 44 per cent; to the holder-on, 33 per cent; and to the heater, 23 per cent. Section V of the same decision is amended as follows: “Add to the end of said section: Provided further, That the maximum allowance rate to the riveters and chippers and calkers may be a dollar and a quarter an hour, and to holders-on, 94 cents an hour, instead of $1.20 an hour, and 90 cents an hour, respectively, which would result from the rigid application of the foregoing rule.” & We direct you to make these changes effective as though they had been a part of the original decision, and to make that decision immediately effective in your plant, if you have not already done so. RETROACTIVE DATE–PAY DAY. December 11, 1918. Board to Examiner (Great Lakes). As we wired you some days ago, we had forgotten, in connection with the last sentence of the decision, that the Great Lakes yards were still paying biweekly. We are inclined to believe that this should be changed for the Great Lakes yards, to make the retroactive date October 1, and shall be glad to have a recommendation from you on this matter. The decision as now formulated would make the retro- active date in each yard the date at which the pay period following October 1 begins, which might be as late as October 14. This of course we do not intend and making the retroactive period for that district October 1 may be the fairest plan for remedying the situation. CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION_NEW RATES. December 11, 1918. Board to Examiner (New Orleans). Board approved following rates for reinforced con- crete steel workers: - Ruling, Dec. 14, 1918, p. 277. Reinforced concrete steel workers: * First class ------------------------------ . 80 Second class ---------------------------- . 72 . Helpers ---------- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - . 54 Form carpenters: - First class ------------------------------ . 80 Second class ---------------------------- . 72 Helpers -------------------------------- . 54 SUPERVISORY FORCE–MANAGERIAL AND PROFES- SIONAL. - \{A^ December 12, 1918. General Letter. After careful consideration the Shipbuilding Labor Adjustment Board has decided that it would be imprac- ATLANTIC COAST, GULF, AND GREAT LAKES. 277 ticable and undesirable to standardize the compensation paid to members of the Supervisory, managerial, and professional force above the grade of quartermen, and of office and clerical employees in shipyards not already cov- ered by the decisions issued on October 24, because of the great diversity of conditions in different localities and districts. The Emergency Fleet Corporation and Navy Depart- ment have been advised that this board will not attempt to standardize the compensation of these employees. To obtain authorization to make any changes in the compen- sation of such employees that will involve added charge to the Government, you should take up the matter di- rectly with the Emergency Fleet Corporation and the Navy Department. - - FLASK MAKERS. December 12, 1918. Board to Examiner (Great Lakes). Authorizing rate of 68 cents for flask makers. BEETLERS. December 13, 1918. Board to Examiner (Boston). Authorizing rate of 68 cents for beetlers, applying to Maine only. - PIECEWORKERS–RETROACTIVE PAY. December 13, 1918. General Letter. There appears to have been some misunderstanding in reference to the provision as to the retroactive pay of pieceworkers in the decision of November 30. In prescribing 80 cents a day for pieceworkers for every full day worked during the retroactive period, the Ruling, Dee. board intended to include with pieceworkers those work-18, 1918, p. 280. ing at rates fixed by agreement or on the allowance sys- tem, as well as those working at the officially established rates. In other words, the 80 cents a day is to be paid to pieceworkers as distinguished from those working at hourly rates and entitled to retroactive pay on the basis of the difference between their old hourly rates and the new rates established by the decision of October 24. RETROACTIVE PAY-CALCULATION OF. December 14, 1918. Board to Examiner (Brunswick, Ga.). Where the new decision substitutes an hourly rate for an occupation previously compensated on a daily or weekly basis, the determination of the retroactive pay should be calculated as follows: 1. The new hourly rate should be multiplied by 8 to determine the daily rate. If this new daily rate is higher than the old daily rate, retroactive pay should be deter- mined by multiplying the number of days worked in the retroactive period by the difference. 278 SEIIPBTUILDING LABOR ADJUST MENT BOARD AWARDS. 2. To determine the new weekly rate, multiply the hourly rate by 48. If this new weekly rate is higher than the old weekly rate the retroactive pay should be deter- mined by multiplying the number of weeks worked in the retroactive period by the difference. The cases which we had chiefly in mind in laying down these rules were those of guards and watchmen, though similar conditions arise in some districts as regards power-house employees. CONTRACT SYSTEM–HOURLY BONUS. December 14, 1918. Board to Navy Department. (a) Where the employees were on a contract basis with an hourly bonus clause, the board intended that the basis of payment, after the decision was rendered, should be the hourly rate provided in the decision. (b) Hourly bonus contract work is not considered piecework and is not included in the regulation in refer- ence to piecework issued by the board. The board has never attempted to fix rates in connection with the con- tract system, but has left this to the yards. If the repre- sentatives of the Navy Department are satisfied that, in connection with the contract system, the hourly rate provided by the board is made the basis, and that the payments are fair and reasonable, this board, would have raised no objection to the approval of such pay- ments by the Navy Department. (c) Since, as explained above, the board has never attempted to regulate the details of the contract system, it would not consider a variation in the number of hours set for a job in violation of any of its rulings. In fact, such information as it has with reference to the opera- tion of the contract system would lead it to expect varia- tions, as the conditions under which jobs are performed nearly always differ in some particulars. g (d) The regulations in reference to rates by agree- ment are correctly quoted in the comments which follow these questions and are the only regulations which the board has issued. Since it has left its agreement to the foremen and the men concerned, it would not attempt to prescribe that they should “govern contract work on an hourly bonus basis,” but would leave this also to regu- lation by the yard, Subject to such control as the coast inspectors of the Navy Department might deem it wise to exercise. GENERAL INTERPRETATIONS-LEARNERs—Journey. MEN-TRAINING COURSES. December 14, 1918. Board to Examiner (New York). (1) The board does not intend to establish an addi- tional probationary period for learners specified in Sec- tion XXIV beyond that provided in that section. ATLANTIC COAST, GULF, AND GREAT LAKES. 279 (2) Section XXIII is indicative of the board's views in regard to the policy that should be adopted touching other crafts. (3) Shipyards may install learners in compliance with the provisions of Section XXIV, but should only do so provided that there is a Scarcity of qualified journeymen in these occupations. When the decision was rendered the prospect of such a scarcity was acute, but since the signing of the armistice the number of occupations in which learners’ rates would be justified is decreasing weekly, with the prospect that in the near future there will be a sufficient supply of skilled journeymen available because of the shutting down of other industries to meet the needs of the shipyards. Under these circumstances our examiners should proceed with great deliberation in connection with the authorization of learners’ rates or the recommendation of such rates to the board. The board does not attempt to supervise the installation of training courses in the yard, but its approval would be necessary in connection with the determination of rates for pupils in the training courses and graduates of the training courses during their probationary period. TRIAL TRIPS–CAL CULATION OF PAY. December 15, 1918. Board to Examiner (Boston). Your letter of the 14th regarding the method of calcu- lating time for mechanics on trial trips for the Lord Con- struction Co., Providence, is received. The method used differs in different localities, and the board will no doubt approve a recommendation in ac- cordance with the custom in that locality. It would seem entirely fair to apply the award literally, deducting eight hours' sleep from the total time the boat is out and giv- ing time and a half for the excess over eight hours' work- ing time, but allowing only straight time from the begin- ning of the second day. PATTERN CARRIERS–FORE RIVER PLANT. December 16, 1918. Board to Examiner (Boston). Board authorizes rate of 54 cents for pattern carriers in the pattern storage department. - AGREEMENT WORK. December 16, 1918. Board to Examiner. Some question has arisen as to whether the recent rul- ing limiting pay on allowance work to one and one-half times the day rate applies also to agreement work. That ruling does not apply to agreement work CHAUFFEURS–FoRE RIVER PLANT. December 16, 1918. Board to Examiner (Boston). Authorizing rate of 60 cents for chauffers in storehouse department. Amended Dec. 18, 1918, p. 281. 280 SHIPBUILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. HELPERS–PLATE STORAGE YARD–PLATE SHOP. December 16, 1918. Board to Examiner (Boston). Authorizing the following rates for the Bethlehem Fore River plant only: - Plate storage yard helpers –––– 54 Plate shop helpers . 54 RADIO ELECTRICIANS-TREENAIL OPERATORS. December 17, 1918. Board to Examiner (Boston). Authorizing the following rates: RadliO electricians . S6 Treenail Operators classified as machinist Specialists, at . . . 62 NOTE.-Authorization does not state jurisdiction, but apparently covers at least the North Atlantic region. ERRAND BOYS-FORE RIyER. December 17, 1918. Board to Examiner (Boston). Authorizing rate of 36 cents to errand boys, applicable to Fore River and Squantum plants of Bethlehem Ship- building Corporation. PIECE RATES-PREMIUM, CONTRACT, AND BONUS WORK. December 17, 1918. Board to Bethlehem Shipbuilding Corpora- tion (Fore River). -> Replying wire 13th, 10 per cent increase does not apply to premium, contract, and bonus work. If you find it necessary to readjust payments to new day rates, board assumes that auditors will apply same principles to read- justments that they have been applying to original rates. ALLOWAN CE WORK. December 18, 1918. Board to Examiners. Representatives of workers in shipyards of the Dela- ware River and Middle Atlantic districts appeared before the board on December 16, 1918, and asked for a recon- sideration of the decision of November 30, as amended December 10 and 13, restricting compensation on allow- ance work to one and one-half the hourly day rate. After giving careful consideration to the expressions of the men, the board reaffirms its previous decision, pending further conference early in January. Should these conferences reveal the necessity for modification of this ruling, such modifications will be made the subject of a future ruling. In the meantime no allowance work can be compensated in excess of one and one-half the hourly day rate. Examiners are instructed to see that this ruling is enforced. ATLANTIC COAST, GULF, AND GREAT LAKES. 281 AGREEMENT—ALLOWANCE WORK. December 18, 1918. Board to Examiners. The decision of November 30, as amended, restricting asº. §. 3. I , 9. 281. compensation for allowance work to one and one-half the hourly day rate, is hereby extended to include work by agreement. Should subsequent conferences reveal the necessity for modification of this ruling, such modification will be made the subject of a future ruling. In the meantime no agreement work can be compensated in excess of one and one-half the hourly rate. TOOL MAKERS. December 20, 1918. Board to Examiner (Great Lakes). Authorizing 80-cent rate for toolmakers. PEECE RATES NOT COVERED BY GENERAL PIECE- RATE SCHEDULE. December 20, 1918. Board to Examiners. Piece rates for crafts and operations not covered by the general piece-rate Schedules approved by the board must be reported to the examiner for the approval of the board before they can become the basis of claims for reim- bursement. No requests for the readjustment of such piece rates to the hourly day rates contained in the decision of October 24, 1918, can be entertained in advance of such report and approval. All reports called for under this ruling shall contain the following information: (a) A definite statement of the rates in question and a clear identification of the operations to which they apply. (b) The dates between which the rates have been in operation. (c) The authorization, if any, under which the rates have been or are in operation. - Examiners are instructed to advise shipyards. PIECE RATES. December 28, 1918. Board to Examiners (Philadelphia and New York). After careful investigation board denies request of fabricating yards for special piece rates on riveting, chip- ping, and calking, and must insist that these yards com- bly with uniform piece rates as approved by board. *c. rates submitted for crafts not included in uniform piece-rate book will be passed upon later. AGREEMENT WORK. December 28, 1918. Board to Examiner (Boston). It was the intention of the board in limiting the price of agreement work to limit also the price of allowance Ruling, Feb. 18, 1 1919, 919, p. 300. Ruling, Jan. 3, p. 282. 282 SEHIPBTUILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. Rulings, Jan. 15, 1918, p. 283 ; Mar. 6, 1918, p. 306. work to $1.25 for riveters, 94 cents for holders on, and 64 cents for heaters. The maximum of $1.25 per hour applies also to chippers and calkers, and drillers will be restricted at $1.02. º PIECE RATES-(AMERICAN INTERNATIONAL SHIP- BUILDING CORPORATION.—HOG ISLAND). January 3, 1919. Board to Kennedy. Board grants permission to continue operation under system of piece rates submitted December 26, 1918, which were different from those piece rates provided in the so- called “Black Book.” It was clearly provided that the granting of this permission was in no way to be con- sidered as an approval of the rates by the board, but merely that the board do not object to the continuance of the existing conditions as regards piece rates at Hog Island. NoTE.—The piece rates submitted by Hog Island under date of December 26, 1918, are not included here with, inasmuch as they do not form a part of the decision of the Shipbuilding Labor Adjustment Board. They are, however, in the files of the board as well as in the general file of the Fleet Corporation at Philadelphia in case reference to them is necessary. FASTENERS–CRAMPS SHIPYARD. January 3, 1919. Board to Examiner (Philadelphia). Board authorizes rate of 68 cents for fasteners. FITTER BOY_AMERICAN SHIPBUILDING CO. January 3, 1919. Board to Examiner (Great Lakes). Authorizing rate of 36 cents for fitter boy, American Shipbuilding Co. • PNEUMATIC TOOL REPAIRMEN. January 3, 1919. Board to Examiners. Authorizing rate of 70 cents an hour to pneumatic-tool repairmen classified as hosemen. DIRTY WORK–LEADING MEN. January 6, 1919. Board to Examiners. Leading men supervising mechanics doing dirty work are not entitled to the 10 cents differential. * DIRTY WORK. January 6, 1919. Board to Examiner (New York). There is a differential of 10 cents an hour for dirty work in connection with the repair of vessels in the Philadel- ATLANTIC COAST, GULF, AND GREAT LAKES. phia and Baltimore districts. Certain rulings under the award of April 6 so extended the interpretation of dirty work that it applied to practically all repair work. The board has felt that this extension constituted a very real abuse of the differential and they have been making a sincere effort to restrict its application, even in these two districts, where the differential is based upon . customs in force long before the board was Óreated. I am sure the board would be very much averse to spreading over other districts the difficulties encountered with respect to dirty work in Philadelphia and Baltimore. LEADING MEN-Rigging, ºpartment-submarine BOAT. January 14, 1919. Board to Examiner (New York). We wish to advise that the rate for leading men in the rigging department should be 18 cents in addition to the hourly rate for the highest paid mechanics under his di- rection; that is, 74 cents plus 18 cents, if he is in charge of loft riggers; 70 cents plus 18 cents if the highest paid mechanics in his charge are marine riggers; and 62 cents plus 18 cents if the highest paid mechanics in his charge are erectors. *. SAILMAKERS. January 15, 1919. Board to Examiner (Middle Atlantic). Acting upon the oral recommendation of Examiner Adams, Middle Atlantic district, the board establishes the classification of sailmakers at the rate of 80 cents per hour. PIECE RATES.–RETROACTIVE PAY. January 15, 1919. Board to Examiner (Middle Atlantic). Replying to your letter of the 9th, inclosing copy of letter from Mr. Butler, of the Bethlehem Shipbuilding Corporation, of January 8, on the above subject, we wish #1 to advise that the retroactive pay of crafts engaged in piecework not covered by the piece-rate book, but au- thorized by the board, should be calculated at the rate of 80 cents per day and should, like the retroactive pay of other pieceworkers, be governed by the supplementary decision of December 13, a copy of which is attached. AWARDS–LIMITATION OF RIGHTS UNDER. January 16, 1919. Board to Examiners. The board rules that employees lose their rights under any award unless their claims are presented during the life of the respective award (six months). CREOSOTING MEN-GULF DISTRICT. January 18, 1919. Board to Examiner (Houston, Tex.). Authorizing rate of 60 cents to creosoting men. Rulings, 0, 1919; 5, 1919; 7, 1919; i * Jan. Jan. Jan. {). 284 SHIPBLILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. PIECE RATES-TANKERS AT CRAMPS SHIPYARD. January 20, 1919. Board to Examiner. Approving special piece rates at Cramps Shipyard for application to the work upon a 16,000-ton tanker, as follows: Chipping rivets for Calking up to and including— 1 inch . 0.2% 1% inches - . ()3 # inches . 03% 1% inches . 04 I'lushing rivets to be 1 cent more each than for chip- plng. Bobbing-tool prices omitted. Calking rivets up to and including— # inch each . 04 , £ inch each . 04% 1 inch each - - . 06 1# inches each------------- . 06% 1} inches each . ()7 J% inches each . OS Heads and points of rivets to be the same price. PIECE RATES-SPECIAL FOR HOG ISLAND. January 25, 1919. Bowles to Shipbuilding Labor Adjustment Board. Approving piecework Scheme for the installation of electrical and mechanical telegraph installations on the type A ships building at Hog Island. (Board did not enforce these rates, but merely permitted them, and there- fore they are not included here with.) DRAFTSMEN. January 27, 1919. Board to Examiners. The board rules that if in the judgment of the yard a . man’s past experience clearly qualifies him for the maxi- mum rate of grade A draftsman he may be so rated at the time of employment without waiting for the periodic advance prescribed in the award. [Jam. 27, 1919.] SUPPLEMENTARY RULING ON PIECE RATES FOR RIVETING, CHIPPING AND CALKING, DRILLING, REAMING, AND COUNTERSINK- ING, FOR THE ATLANTIC COAST AND GULF DISTRICTS. tº I. DEFINITION OF TERMs. (see p. 116.5 , (a) Black Book rates.—These are the rates for rivet, See Great Lakesing, chipping, and calking, drilling and reaming, and #"; };" countersinking, originally established by decision of this see decision, board dated February 25, 1918, and modified by a de- # * * * cision dated November 30, 1918. The term “Black Book ATLANTIC COAST, GULF, AND GREAT LAKES. 285 rates” is derived from the color of the binding of the book. (b) Allowance.—The term “allowance” in this ruling is used only with respect to the operations named in the ISlack Book. It is permissible only when the work In- volved in these operations is of such a character as not to permit straight piecework to the extent of at least one- half day’s operation, which should be ready in advance. Allowance thus refers to work ordinarily described by such terms as “odd,” “stray,” “pick-up,” “obstructed” work. (c) Agreement.—The term “agreement” in this ruling is used only with respect to operations in riveting, chip- ping, and calking, drilling and reaming and countersink- ing, which are not listed in the Black Book. Since these operations are not listed in the Black Book, they be- come a proper subject of agreement between the rate setter of the yard and the piece-rate workers. The term “agreement * as herein used refers to the establishment of an agreed piece rate and not to an agreed lump sum for a certain volume of work, which latter is termed “con- tract Work.” - II. RULING. (a) All riveting, chipping, and calking, drilling and reaming and countersinking operations which are listed in the Black Book shall normally be done at straight piecework. In cases in which allowance, as defined above is permissible, the basis of compensation on such allow- ance is to be the average earnings at piecework for the preceding three days, provided that these shall not be less than the hourly rate fixed in Exhibit A of the deci- sion, dated October 24, 1918; and provided further, that the maximum allowance to riveting gangs for a day of eight hours shall be $29.10, and that the maximum allow- ance for the other piecework crafts covered in the Black Book shall not exceed double the hourly day rate. (b) In all riveting, chipping and calking, drilling and reaming and countersinking operations which are not listed in the Black Book, the agreement system as defined above may be used. The agreement rate should be in proper balance with the rates for work of a similary type in the Black Book. This principle, rather than limitation of earnings, will guide the rate setter of the yard and the pieceworkers in making agreed rates. The rulings of December 18, 1918, by which no agreement work could be compensated in excess of one and one-half times the hourly day rate is rescinded. Rates fixed by agreement which are to continue in operation for more than one week shall be reported to the examiner of the district, and shall be superseded whenever uniform piece rates for such work shall be fixed by the board. Rulings, Jan. 28, 1919 (2), p. 289. 286 SELIEPBTUILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. (c) All work in riveting, chipping, and calking, drill- ing and reaming, and countersinking is to be done on straight piecework or agreement or allowance or hourly day rates. No extension of contract, premium, or bonus system is authorized. (d) So much of the following piece-rate decisions and rulings as may be inconsistent with the foregoing ruling are hereby repealed: Decison of November 30, 1918, concerning readjust- ment of piece rates and retroactive pay to pieceworkers in Atlantic coast, Delaware River, and Gulf steel-ship yards. Ruling of December 10, 1918, concerning maximum allowance work and readjustment riveting gangs' pay. Ruling of December 18, 1918, concerning restricting compensation allowance work. Ruling of December 18, 1918, concerning restricting compensation work by agreement. (e) This ruling is effective from February 1, 1919. III. PREVENTION OF ABUSEs. It is a function of the board to fix rates. It is not its function to police or inspect the work so as to prevent abuses of these rates. So much evidence has been pre- sented, however, concerning abuses in the application of agreement and allowance in the past that the board calls the attention of the Emergency Fleet Corporation and the Navy Department to the situation. The board points out that as the terms are used in this ruling the amount of agreement work in riveting, chipping, and calking, drilling and reaming, and countersinking should be a limited amount. Allowance work as defined in this rul- ing is, of course, limited to the operations listed in the Black Book and should be, under proper management, a small percentage of such operations. The board ear- nestly recommends to the Emergency Fleet Corporation and the Navy Department that steps should be taken to bring the amounts of agreement and allowance work in the yard down to proper limitations. - W. EveRIT MACY, Chairman, appointed by the President of the United States. L. C. MARSHALL, Appointed by the Navy Department and the Emergency Fleet Corporation. . J. BERREs, Appointed by the President of the American Federation of Labor. ATLANTIC COAST, GULF, AND GREAT LAKES. 287 [Jan. 28, 1919.] $3 PIECE-RATE PROPOSALS MADE SUBSEQUENT ... . TO OCTOBER 1, 1918, FOR CRAFTS AND OPERA- ºr i, ibis, p. TIONS OTHER THAN RIVETING, CHIPPING, * AND CAEKING, DRILLING AND REAMING AND COUNTERSINKING IN ATLANTIC COAST, GULF, AND GREAT LAKES DISTRICTS. NoTE —For the purposes of the Great Lakes district, fitting should be added to this list of crafts and occupa- tions for which general piece-rate schedules have been authorized. - e I. Recent rulings of the board on this subject are as follows: (a) The decision of October 24, 1918, effective October 1, contains this statement: g No extension of the piece-rate system to occupations not now See p. 243. operating under this system are to be made until the rates pro- posed have been submitted to the board and approved by it in Writing. s . . r * {{ See p. 268. (b) The decision of November 30, 1918 (subject, “Re- adjustment of piece rates and retroactive pay to piece- workers”), contains this statement: The board is convinced from its investigations that uniform piece rates should not be extended to other occupations in the steel yards in this district than riveting, chipping and calking. º drilling and reaming (and countersinking). Whenever piece rates not already approved by the board are proposed for other occu- pations, the matter will be considered primarily with reference to the conditions in the yard affected. The board will cause an in- vestigation to be made of such piece rates and of the attitude of the employees affected with reference to them and authorize them only when the majority of the employees, to be affected are in favor of the introduction of such piecework, and when such rates are found to conform fairly as regards the probable resulting earnings to the pieceworkers affected to the principle that a piece- rate sc: the should permit Workers of average capacity and work- ing with reasonable diligence to earn not less than the hourly rate nor more than one and one-half times the hourly rate for a craft. (e) The ruling of December 20, 1918 (subject, “Piece “* * rates not covered by general piece-rate schedule"), con- tains this statement: Piece rates for crafts and Operations not covered by the general piece-rate schedules approved by the board must be reported to the examiner for the approval of the board before they can become the basis of claims for reimbursement. II. It is clear from the foregoing that any piece-rate g proposals made subsequent to October 1, 1918, on oper-lº; tº: ations other than riveting, chipping and calking, drilling and reaming, and countersinking, may be defined as new proposals. The ruling of the board with respect to these new proposals is as follows. IRULING. (a) Lump-sum contracts.--In the case of lump-sum contracts, subject to the qualifications with respect to the 288 SHIPBUILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. willingness of the men to work piece rates and the limi- tations on piece-rate earnings set forth in the decision of November 30, 1918, and repeated above in paragraph 1(b), yards are at liberty to agree with their men on ap- propriate piece-rate schedules for this work. - Inasmuch as the Outstanding reason for introducing piece rates is that of reducing costs, it is fair to assume that a yard proposing new piece rates does not anticipate that these rates will increase costs. Inasmuch as the theory of reimbursement by the Emergency Fleet Cor- poration and the Navy Department is that such reim- bursement is to occur when costs are increased as a re- sult of the ruling of this board, it will clearly be ample reimbursement for such lump-sum yards as introduce new piece rates if they are reimbursed on such work on the basis of authorized increases in the hourly day rates of the crafts affected. Lump-sum yards presenting claims for reimbursement for added wage cost on these new piecework operations must accordingly do so on the basis of the actual number of hours worked by these pieceworkers, and the increased hourly day rate author- ized in the decisions of the board. (b) Agency yards and cost-plus contract yards.-In the case of agency yards and yards having cost-plus con- tracts, it is essential that any new piece rates authorized must, first, be of such a character as will not place these yards either at an advantage or at a disadvantage in competing for labor with the yards operating on lump- sum contracts; and, second, be at a level, which, while safeguarding the interests of the men, will procure ships. for the Government at a reasonable cost. In view of the varying conditions in the different yards it is believed that the district manager of the Emer- gency Fleet Corporation and the district officer of the Navy Department are the persons in the best position to safeguard the interests of all parties concerned. Subject, therefore, to the qualifications with respect to the willingness of the men to work piece rates and the limitation on piece earnings set forth in the decision of November 30, 1918, and repeated above in paragraph 1(b), the Shipbuilding Labor Adjustment Board vests in the district manager of the Emergency Fleet Corpora- tion and in the district officer of the Navy Department the power to approve new piece-rate proposals in oper- ation other than riveting, chipping and calking, drilling . and reaming, and countersinking in agency yards and yards operating on cost-plus basis. - III. In these new piecework operations the allowance and agreement systems are not authorized. Work not done at the piece rate is to be done on the hourly day- rate basis. IV. No extension of the contract, premium, or bonus systems is authorized. - - - - ATLANTIC COAST, GULF, AND GREAT LAKES. 289 PIECE RATES-CRAMPS SHIPYARD. January 28, 1919. Board to Examiner (Philadelphia). We are returning to you the proposals from Cramps' for piece rates, as follows: & Bolting-up, torpedo-boat destroyers. Bolting-up merchant work. Plate straightening. Linerman. Ship-shed radial drilling. Ship-shed planing. * Anglesmith, merchant work. Ship fitting merchant work. Acetylene department. (In addition there is a schedule for ship-shed radial drill presses labeled “Not in force but asked for by men.”) - - Mr. Sullivan has gone over all these piece-rate sche- dules and finds them reasonable. It is not clear to him, however, whether the rates in question are in proper relation to the piecework rates as they stand in the black book, or whether they are adjusted to the black-book rates with the 10 per cent increase of November 30. Before communicating the approval of these rates to Cramps’, will you please satisfy yourself as to the facts upon this point, and having so satisfied yourself, please advise Cramps’ as follows. - - (a) The rates which are found to have been based on the old black-book rates before the advance of 10 per cent was granted are approved subject to a 10 per cent advance. (b) The rates which are found to have been based upon the black-book rates as advanced November 30 are approved as they stand. TRIAL TRIPS. January 28, 1919. Board to Examiner (Philadelphia). The board decided not to attempt to establish uniform rates for application of trial trips, but to allow the con- tinuance of any method which seemed to be in harmony with the spirit of the board’s award. It may, neverthe- less, be desirable to establish a rate for your district in view of the wide variation in practice which you report. PIECE RATES_10 PER CENT INCREASE TO CHIPPERS. January 28, 1919. Board to Examiner (Boston). The board does not feel that it can consistently vary its ruling by which 10 per cent increase was granted to pieceworkers, in order to equalize the earnings of dif- ferent crafts. - I think you will have no diffieulty in pointing out to the yard that the adjustment of piecework rates so as to 89811–22 19 290 SHIPBUILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. - give the various piece-rate workers substantially equal opportunities to earn good wages is an extremely delicate task. It was because the board was persuaded that an attempt to readjust the piecework scale, as between dif- ferent crafts, lead to insuperable difficulties that it granted the 10 per cent increase in earnings instead of increasing the specific rates. In these circumstances there is nothing to do but to instruct the Bethlehem Co. to apply the piece-rate award in its entirety. * DRAFTSMEN-HALF HOLIDAY SATURDAY. January 30, 1919. Board to Examiner (New York). The board sees no objection to an agreement, if freely entered into, allowing draftsmen to work only a half day Saturday, but can not permit an extension of the other five days of the work at straight time, to make up for the Saturday afternoon. [Feb. 1, 1919 (Black Book).] PIECE RATES FOR RIVETING, CHIPPING AND CALRING, DRILLING, REAMING, AND COUN- TERSINKING FOR SHIPYARDS OF ATLANTIC COAST AND GULF DISTRICTS. [Correcting piece rates of Feb. 25, 1918, “Black Book.”] DEFINITIONs. See first Black Black Book rates.—The following rates for riveting, * * * chipping and calking, drilling and reaming, and counter- sinking, originally established by a decision of this board, dated February 25, 1918, and modified by a decision dated November 30, 1918, are referred to as the “Black Book” rates. Ruling, Dec. Allowance.—The term “allowance ’’ as herein used is 18. 1918, p. 280. & ſº !-- 4.1-5 to be used only with respect to operations named in this book. It is permissible only when the work involved in these operations is of such a character as not to permit straight piecework to the extent of at least one-half day's operation, which should be ready in advance. Allowance thus refers to work ordinarily described by such terms as “odd,” “stray,” “pick-up,” “obstructed” work. Agreement.—The term “agreement ’’ herein used is to be used only with respect to operations in riveting, chip- ping and calking, drilling and reaming, and counter. sinking, which are not listed in this book. “Agreement” refers to the establishment of an agreed piece rate and not to an agreed lump sum for a certain volume of work. The latter is termed “contract work.” - Allowance and agreement limited in amount.—“The board points out that as the terms are used in this ruling ATLANTIC COAST, GULF, AND GREAT LAKES. 291 the amount of agreement work in riveting, chipping and calking, drilling and reaming, and countersinking should be a limited amount. Allowance work as defined in this ruling is, of course, limited to the operations listed in the Black Book and should be, under proper management, a small percentage of such operations.” (Excerpt from ruling, Jan. 27, 1919.) NOTES. 1. Wo eatension of contract, premium, or bonus sys- tems.-"All work in riveting, chipping and calking, drill- ing and reaming, and countersinking is to be done on straight piecework or agreement or allowance or hourly day rates. No extension of contract, premium, or bonus systems is authbrized.” (Ruling Jan. 27, 1919.) 2. Earnings under following piece rates to be increased 10 per cent.—By a decision of the board, bearing date November 30, 1919, the earnings of pieceworkers under the following rates are to be increased 10 per cent, as set forth in the notes accompanying the piece-rate schedule for each craft, as printed herein. PIECE RATES FOR RIVETING. Merchant ships and oil tankers other than cylindrical tankers, § inch, # inch, £ inch, • Description of work. per 100.per 100, per 100. Keel from fore peak bulkhead to after tank bulkhead, includ- ing garboard Seam (includes all rivets through flat plate keel. All sizes $8.75 per 100. ICeel, fore and aft keel rivets from collision bulkhead forward and peak tank bulkhead aft. All sizes $12.50 per 100. - - Rolling keel above and below tank top and rolling keel, angle to plate, including bead. All sizes $7.50 per 100. INSIDE WORK. Vertical keel, top and bottom bars, and clips, driven at one || time (rider plate off and floors out), 1 inch, $5.50... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $4.50 $5.00 Vertical keel, clips, and bars (rider plate on and floors in), $1 over above prices for each size of rivet. Keelsons, stringers, and brackets above double bottom. . . . . . . $4.50 5. 00 5. 50 Shell, between fore peak and aft peak bulkheads, including shell bottom and frames when driven with shell, but ex- elusive of bilge (understood to include water-tight and oil- tight riveting), 1 inch, $5.50; 1% inches, $6.-----. . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.00 4.50 5. 00 Shell-bilge (2 seams and frames, or 1strake plate), linch, $6.50; 18 inches, $7------------------------------------------------|--------|-------- 6. 00 Shell, shear Strake (must be š inch or more thicker than side shell, iess thanjinch thick, ſinch, 36:35; iiinches, $6.75.................. 6, 25 Provided that when plate is 1 inch or more in thickness, all sizes, $7.50 per 100. Gunwale bar to shell to be included with shear Strake, Shell-waist or bulwarks and beading, all sizes $6 per 100. Shell, fore peak, from “A” plate to water-tight flat and above water-tight flat to shelter deck, 1 inch, $6.75. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.25 6, 25 Shell, fan tail, 1 inch, $6.75-------------------------................... 5. 75 6. 25. Shell, above boss to first deck above boss (twin screw boat), all sizes, $6.85 per 100. Shell, pump room (oil tankers), $0.75 over straight shell rates for each size of rivet. Shell, engine room in way of foundations, 1 inch, $6.75; 1; inches, $7.25-----------------------------------------------. InterCostals, tank top off, 1 inch, $4.25........................|........ 3. 75 4.00 InterCostals, engine room, 1 inch, $4.75....................... g Floors and brackets to center vertical keel clips, $0.50 more than price for “Intercostals, tank top off.” Water-tight floors, driven in ship, through the floor, 1 inch, $5,50----------------------------- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 5.00 5. 00 292 SETIPBUILDING LABOR, ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. Merchant ships and oil tankers other than cylindrical tankers— Continued. t Description of work. § inch, per 100. # inch, per 100. $ inch, per 100. Frame clips to margin plate, all sizes, $6 per 100. Belt frames driven in ship, 1 inch, $5 Tank top, rider plate, no seams, 1 inch, $5.25. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tanktop, double seams, 1 inch, $4.50 Tanktop, Single Seams, 1 inch, $4.75. -------------------------- Tank top, engine and boiler room in way of foundation inter- Costals, 1 inch, $5.25. --------------------------------------- Water-tight and oil-tight bulkhead on ship, 1 inch, $4.25---... Bounding bars, driven with bulkheads and clips, on calking side of bulkhead. Single bounding bars, $0.25 over corresponding bulkhead price. Double-bounding bars, $0.50 over corresponding bulk- head price. Bºing bars, driven alone, and clips to be settled by agree- IOleIlt. The above refers to double-seam bulkheads only. Single-seam bulkheads are to be $0.25 over the price agreed on for double-seam bulkheads. Stateroom and partition bulkheads, half inch, $3... . . . . . . . . . Cºdam from keel to bilge (oil tankers), all sizes, $8.15 per * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Cofferdam, side shell (oil tankers), all sizes, $10 per 100. Cofferdam, all brackets and intercostals (oil tankers). . . . . . . . . Deck-beam brackets, 24-inch Space. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Eighteen-inch space, $0.50 in addition to above prices. Deck-beam brackets, aſt tank and fore tank; forecastle deck, poop deck, miscellaneous, $0.50 in addition to above prices. First deck above hold, single seams, $0.25 in addition to “Other decks, single seams” prices. - First deck above hold, double seams, $0.25 in addition to “Other decks, double seams” prices. Other decks, single seams------------------------------------ Other decks, double seams, 1 inch, $4....... --...------------- All decks, Single closing-in plates. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . --------- All clips, staples, and bars on deck when driven with deck, $0.50 in addition to corresponding deck prices. All docks over built-in fresh-water and Small fuel-oil tanks... Gunwale bars through deck, when driven alone, 1 inch, $6.... Hatch-coaming plate, including clips and fittings, iſ ready.. Hatch covers on ship, iſ arranged to gºt continuous work. Chain locker through shell, all sizes, $7.50. Chain locker (interior work), all sizes, $7.50. Deck house, * inch, $2.50. ------------------------------------ Pººl; Collars and stapling, when driven alone, all sizes, per 100. When driven with deck house, $0.50 in addition to “deck- house” prices. Deck-house stringers and tie-plates, when driven with decks. All tie-plates when driven alone, all sizes, $5.50 per 100. Deck-house brackets, driven alone, half inch, $5........... All work in forward and aft peak, all sizes, $8 per 100. Fresh-water tanks in ships, not to include tank top (interior Work in fresh-Water tanks)........................... ------ Skylights, all sizes, $4 per 100. Shaft alley. -------------------------------------------------- Trunks and Ventilators (rings). - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Uptakes, all sizes, $4 per 100. Masts, small end (location of Small end to be determined by agreement)------------------------------------------------- Masts, large end---------------------------------------------- Hawse pipes, by agreement. - sº sº e º sº º sº ºf s = e º s = º ºr sº sº º sº º sº s = e = * * * * * * $3.50 $3.25 5. 50 4.00 4.50 5. 50 4.50 4.25 6. 00 5.50 4. 50 $3.75 6. 00 4, 50 * * * * * * * * 5. 00 4.75 6, 50 5. 50 4.50 Rivettesters------------------------------------------------------------------ Riveters---------------------------------------------------------------------- Holders-on-------------------------------------------------------------------- Heators--------------------------------------------------------- -------------- Passers........ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ATLANTIC COAST, GULF, AND GREAT LAKES. 293 NoTEs. Bull machine riveting to be increased 10 per cent over rates in force prior to November 30, 1918. All ground work to be $0.25 per hundred less than on ship. • Hand riveters to receive 40 per cent above machine prices for same rivets. - Riveting operations above listed shall normally be per- formed at the straight piece rate. In cases in which al- lowance as defined on page 1 above is permissible, the basis of compensation on such allowance is to be the average earnings at piecework for the preceding three days, pro- vided that these shall not be less than the hourly day rate, as shown above, and provided that the maximum allowance to riveting gangs for a day of eight hours shall be $29.10. (Ruling Jan. 27, 1919.) In riveting operations not covered by these rates, the agreement system as defined on page 1 above, may be used. The agreement rate should be in proper balance with the above rates for work of a similar type. Rates fixed by agreement which are to continue in operation for more than one week shall be reported to the examiner of the district and shall be superseded whenever uniform piece rates for such work shall have been fixed by the board. To the earnings of riveting gangs employed at piece- work and paid in accordance with the above piece rates, 10 per cent shall be added at the conclusion of each pay period, such addition being regarded as a part of the piece-rate earnings to which such men are entitled. This addition is to apply only to earnings derived from work covered by the above piece-rate scale and paid for in strict conformity with that scale and does not apply to earnings based on agreement or on allowance. (Decision Nov. 30, 1918.) Piece rates for chipping and callcing. * -- d. * |Piece Description of work. rateS. Cutting all plate Scarphs, on ground, per square inch. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $0.02 Cutting all plate Scarphs, on ship, per square inch............................. . 03 All angle cuts less than 1% by 1% inches. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . OS All angle cuts 1% by 1% inches-------------------------------------------------. . 10 All angle cuts Over 1% by 1% inches up to 3 by 3 inches. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 All angle cuts 3 by 3 inches up to 4 by 4 inches --------------...------------... . 18 All angle cuts 4 by 4 inches up to 5 by 5 inches................................ . 25 All angle cuts 5 by 5 inches and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -------------------------- . 30 All bevel or offset cuts, price and one-half, iſ 45 degrees or over. Cutting Solid bead bar, per cut . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • * = * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * .25 Qutting hollow bead, per cut-------------------------------------------------- . 15 Straight Cutting per foot per # inch thick. --------------....................... .05 Qutting that can not be ripped, per ſoot per § inch thick.... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 07 Cutting plate from heel of bar to calk heel, per foot per # inch...... . . . . . . . . . . . . , 0.8 Qircular and elliptical cutting under 4-inch diameter, per foot per inch ... . . . . . 12 Qircular and elliptical cutting 4 inches and up to 8 inches, per foot per § inch. . . I0 Circular and elliptical cutting 8 inches and up to 24 inches per foot per § inch. . . 07 All notches and Small cuts------------......................................... . 10 Cutting bulb from bulb bar, straight cutting prices to prevail. 294 SHIPBUILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. Piece rates for chipping and callcing—Continued. e i & Piece Description of work. rates. Cutting all burned edges, per # inch, straight... ------------------------------- $0.03 One and one-half feet of cutting to be allowed on all laps. - All overhead cutting, not including cutting necessary for calking work on shell bottom, to be price and one-half. Cutting all water Stoppers, per foot.------------------------------------------- .01 Cutting out rivets: i • #-inch --------------------------------------------------------------------- , 0.25 *-inch --------------------------------------------------------------------- . 0325 #inch--------------------------------------------------------------------- 0375 +inch--------------------------------------------------------------------- 045 #-inch--------------------------------------------------------------------- 05 1-inch --------------------------------------------------------------------- 06 18-inch-------------------------------------------------------- - - - - - - - - - - - - . 07 13-inch-------------------------------------------------------------------- .08 Cutting out conical rivets, each------------------------------------------------ . 08 Chipping and calking all tap rivets, per piece---------------------------------- . 07 º and Calking rivets--------------------------------------------------- ‘. 04 For chipping and calking open end of angle 4 by 4 inches or less, 1 flange . . . . . . . 07 IFor chipping and calking closed end of angle 4 by 4 inches or less, 1 flange (de- fined to mean where next to beam under the deck, against the margin bar)...] 0.10 For chipping and calking open end of angle 5 by 5 inches or 6 by 6 inches, 1 flange.-------------------------------------------------------------------- . 10 Fº chipping and calking closed end of angle 5 by 5 inches or 6 by 6 inches, 175 | 11a1189- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - * Fº: all rivets that do not calk-------------------------------------------- . 02 Chipping all bars and plates under § inch for calking, per foot. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0375 Chipping all bars and plates under § inch between brackets for calking, per foot per § inch--------------------------------------------------------------- .04 & “Between brackets” is understood to refer to spaces of 3 feet or less be- tween bracketS or other similar obstructions. Chipping all bars and plates § inch and over, per foot per § inch. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0125 Chipping all bars and plates § inch and over between brackets for calking, per foot per & inch--------------------------------------------------------------- .015 Straight Calking, per foot------------------------------------------------------ . 02 Calking all unplaned bars, per foot. ------------------------------------------- .025 All ſuller Work, per foot------------------------------------------------------- .05 Bent tool calking, per foot--- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - . 03 Butt calking # inch and under, per foot.-----------...-----.................... . 04 Butt Calking, over $ inch, per foot.-------------------------------------------- . 035 Heel Calking, per foot---------------------------------------------------------- . 035 Calking anglé butts (price and one-half if packed). - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- . 11 Calking one flange--------------------------------------------- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - . 055 All calking between brackets, where space is 3 feet or under, per foot. . . . . . . . . . . .03 Calking all rivets between brackets (not chipped)............. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .03 Calking all rivets on Open Work-----------------------------------------------. .025 Calking stem and Stern post rivets--------------------------------------------- . 0375 Calking overhead rivets to be $0.01 above regular prices. Thisto include rivets in both flanges of bounding angles under decks and tank top. Calking all plugs up to $ inch diameter........................................ .08 Calking all plugs over $ inch diameter..... ------------------------------------ . 15 Calking all parallel liners to be straight prices. j Calking tapered liners under § inch at head.-- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - . 15 Calking tapered liners š inch and over at head. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Calking tapered liners over 18-inch length, straight prices. Calking all scarfs to be considered as liners in price. " If shoulder of scarf must be cut away, 1 foot of cutting to be allowed. Calking W. T. Staples, deck and bulkhead, heavy--...------------------------ 1.15 Calking overhead, W. T. staples, heavy, price and one-half. Staples made of §-inch angle or heavier to be considered as a heavy angle. Calking W. T. Staples, deck and bulkhead, light - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - . 75 Excess of 30 inches, straight work, in addition to regular price. This does not include rivets. - Calking overhead, W. T. staples, light, price and one-half. Water-tight calking plate collars around angle, including lugs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 In excess of 30 inches, straight work, in addition to regular price. This does not include rivets. Water-tight calking plate collars around channels, including lugs.............. 1.00 Calking round corners, each. -------------------------------------------------- .03 Butt packing, per foot--------------------------------------------------------- .08 Straight E.; per foot----------------------------------------------------- , 055 Straight heel packing, perfoot.------------------------------------------------ .07 Trimming, per foot, per § inch, ºr inch or under-...-------------------- - - - - - - - .015 Trimming, per foot per § inch over ºr inch to and including # inch............. . 03 Trimming over } inch to be counted as straight cutting. ATLANTIC COAST, GULF, AND GREAT LAKES. 295 ** Day rates, Rate per hour. Tank testers--------------------------------------- .* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * $0.86 Chippers and calkers (hand and pneumatic)................................... . 80 Packers----------------------------------------------------------------------- . 58 NOTES. Chipping and calking operations above listed shall normally be performed at the straight piece rate. In cases in which allowance as defined on page 1 above is permissible the basis of compensation on such allowance is to be the average earnings at piecework for the pre- ceding three days, provided that these shall not be less than the hourly day rate as shown above nor more than double the hourly day rate. (Ruling Jan. 27, 1919.) In chipping and calking operations not covered by these rates the agreement system as defined on page I above may be used. The agreement rate should be in proper balance with the above rates for work of a similar type. Rates fixed by agreement which are to continue in operation for more than one week shall be reported to the examiner of the district and shall be superseded whenever uniform piece rates for such work shall have been fixed by the board. To the earnings of chippers and calkers employed at piecework and paid in accordance with the above piece rates, 10 per cent shall be added at the conclusion of each pay period, such addition being regarded as a part of the piece-rate earnings to which such men are entitled. This addition is to apply only to earnings derived from work covered by the above piece-rate scale and paid for in strict conformity with that scale and does not apply to earnings based on agreement or on allowance. (Decision Nov. 30, 1918.) Piece rates for redºming and countersinking. MERCHANT SEIELT, WO RIK. Price per 100. Keel block, 1-inch holes, recountersunk, both sides, and reamed. -- - - - - - - - - - - - - $3.06 All bottom, 1-inch holes, recountersunk, one side, and reamed... --------------- 2.00 All shell, 1-inch holes, recountersunk and reamed, ſull size - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1.93 All shell, #-inch holes, recountersunk and reamed, full size. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1. 53 All shell, bulkhead bars, ā-inch recountersunk and reamed, one side- - - - - - - - - - - 1.50 All shell, bulkhead bars, 3-inch recountersunk and reamed, both sides. . . . . . . . . 2. 66 All bad holes to be reamed second time, double price for all sizes. All hard jobs by agreement. 296 SHIPBUILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. Piece rates for reaming and countersinlging—Continued. MERCHANT INSIDE WORK. Price per 100. Deck, 3-inch, reamed and recountersunk holes.... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . _s tº sº sº * * * * * * * $0.612. Deck, 3-inch, reamed and recountersunk holes............------------- - - - - - - - - - . 765 Deck, 3-inch, reamed and recountersunk holes............ ----------. . . . . . . . . . . . 92 Deck, #-inch, reamed and recountersunk holes. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1.15 Bulkhead, 3–inch, reamed and recountersunk holes, on ship................... . 765. Bulkhead, 4-inch, reamed and recountersunk holes, on ship - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - .85 Bulkhead, 3-inch, reamed and recountersunk holes, on ship. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - I. 15 Bulkhead, Å-inch, reamed and recountersunk holes, on ship . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.50 Flat machine, reamed and recountersunk holes (all sizes)... ------------....... 3.06 Brackets, #-inch, reamed and recountersunk holes.... ------------------... . . . . 1. 15. Brackets, 3-inch, reamed and recountersunlº holes... -------------------------. 1. 50 All lugs, reamed holes.---------------------.* * * * * * * * * = * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * 1. 50 Bulkhead, 3-inch, reamed and recountersunk, on ground..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .85 Bulkhead, #-inch, reamed and recountersunk, on ground......................J 1.00 Frame work, Hinch, reamed and recountersunk, on ground. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 612. All punched holes not countersunk to be countersunk............. ---......... 1. 53 All bad holes to be reamed second time, double price for all sizes. All hard jobs by agreement. TO RIPEDO B OAT SEIELL WORIK. * All shell, 3-inch, reamed and recountersunk holes. . . . . ------------------------ $0.60. All shell, -inch, reamed and recountersunk holes. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - , 85 All shell, 3-inch, reamed and recountersunk holes------------------------------ 1. 15. All shell, 3-inch and 3-inch odd holes ----------------------------------------- 1. 53 All shell, 3-inch and #-inch, reamed and new holes- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2.00. All shell, bulkhead bars reamed and new holes. ------------------------------- 3.06. TOIRPED O B O AT INSIDE WORIK. Decks, 3-inch, reamed and recountersunk holes.------------------------------. $0.46 Decks, 3-inch, reamed and recountersunk holes.-------------- : : - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - . 612 Bulkhead bars, #. reamed and recountersunk holes, one side. --------..... 1.15 Bulkhead bars, 3-inch, reamed and recountersunk holes, both sides........... - | 1. 53 Ground work, 3-inch, reamed and recountersunk frames, etc., holes. - - - - - - - - - - .765. Ground work, 3-inch, reamed and recountersunk frames, etc., holes. -- - - - - - - - - . 535, Bulkheads, on ground, 3-inch, reamed and recountersunk holes. -----...------ .46 Bulkheads, on ground 4-inch, reamed and recountersunk holes................ . 535, Shell, 3-inch, reamed and recountersunk holes---------------------------------| 1.15. Shell, 3-inch and #-irich, new recountersunk holes. . . . ... ---------------....... 1. 53 Shell, 3-inch and #-inch, bottom holes----------------------------------------. 1. 53 Shell, bulkhead bar reamed and recountersunk holes. . . . . . - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3.06 Mast holes, #-inch------------------------------------------------------------- 1.50 Mat holes, 3-inch...... - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1.00 Day rate, Rate. per hour. Reamers---------------------------------------------------------------------- $0.58: NOTES. Reaming and countersinking operations above listed shall normally be performed at the straight piece rate. In cases in which allowance as defined on page 1 above is permissible the basis of compensation on such allowance is to be the average earnings at piecework for the preced- ing three days, provided that these shall not be less than the hourly day rate as shown above nor more than double the hourly day rate. (Ruling Jan. 27, 1919.) ATLANTIC COAST, GULF, AND GREAT LAKES. 297 In reaming and countersinking operations not covered by these rates, the agreement system as defined on page 1 above may be used. The agreement rate should be in proper balance with the above rates for work of a similar type. Rates fixed by agreement which are to continue in operation for more than one week shall be reported to the examiner of the district and shall be superseded whenever uniform piece rates for such work shall be fixed by the board. - - º To the earnings of reamers and countersinkers em- ployed at piecework and paid in accordance with the above piece rates, 10 per cent shall be added to the con- clusion of each pay period, such addition being regarded as a part of the piece-rate earnings to which such men are entitled. This addition is to apply only to earnings derived from work covered by above piece-rate scale and paid for in strict conformity with that scale, and does not apply to earnings based on agreement or on allowance. (Decision Nov. 30, 1918.) Piece Yates for drilling. DRILLING PER 100 EIOLES, Peº § EIOLE UP TO AND INCLUDING Rate. Diameter of hole or rivet: Up to and including— #-inch----------------------------------------------------------------- $1.40 3-inch----------------------------------------------------------------- 1, 70 #inch----------------------------------------------------------------- 2. 10 *inch----------------------------------------------------------------- 2 #-inch----------------------------------------------------------------- 2.80 1-inch----------------------------------------------------------------- 3. 10 18-inch---------------------------------------------------------------- 3. 80 - 13-inch---------------------------------------------------------------- 4. 60 For each # inch increase in depth add $0.30 per 100. DRILLING AND TAPPING PER 100 HOLES, ANY DEPTH. Diameter of holes tanped: Up to and including— 3-inch.------------------------------------------------------------‘. . . . . $5.50 *inch. --------------------------------------------------------------- sº 7.00 *inch.--------------------------------------------------------------- e 9.80 *inch.--------------------------------- ------------------------------ . . . 12.50 #-inch.--------------------------------------------------------------- 15. 30 1-inch.--------------------------------------------------------------- 19, 50 18-inch-------------------------------------------------------------- 23. 70 13-inch-------------------------------------------------------------- 27.80 DRILLING, TAPPING, AND STUDIOING, INCLUDING COUNTERSINKING 4 & PER 100 EIOLES, ANY DEPTEl. Diameter of holes tapped: Up to and including— 8-inch--------------------------------------------------------------- -> $7.00 3-inch------------------------- * - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - & 8.40 #-inch--------------------------------------------------------------- e 11. 10 *inch--------------------------------------------------------------- sº 14.00 §-inch---------------------------------------------------------------- 16. 70 1-inch--------------------------------------------------------------- * 20. 90 18-inch-------------------------------------------------------------- e 25.00 14-inch-------------------------------------------------------------- - || 30.00 298 SHIPBUILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. Piece rates for drilling—Continued. CUTTER BAR WORK, PER HOLE. Rate. Depth of hole up to and including $-inch...................................... $0.098 Diameter of hole 1% inches. - For each # inch increase in thickness or diamter, $0.025. ODD WORK, PER 100 EIOLES. Diameter of holes: All holes up to- • Š-inch . . . . . --------------------------------------------------------- - || $5.60 1-inch. -------------------------------------------------------------- -- 7.00 15-inch. . . . ---------------------------------------------------------- - 8.40 13-inch. . . . . --------------------------------------------------------- tº 9. TO Thirteen holes or taps or less to constitute odd work. All odd taps to be price and one-half. Scattered work; that is, obstructed work or work that requires constant Shifting by agreement. All overhead work and work on bottom of shell, bilge, and under counter to be paid for at price and one-half. DRILLING OUT RIVETS. Ter rivet Diameter of rivet: 3-inch--------------------------------------------------------------------- $0.036 #-inch--------------------------------------------------------------------- . 035 *-inch--------------------------------------------------------------------- 035 #-inch--------------------------------------------------------------------- 045 3-inch--------------------------------------------------------------------- 042 #-inch--------------------------------------------------------------------- 059 1 inch------------------------------------------------------- -------------- . 07 15-inch --------------------------------------------------------------- ... • * * * * .084 13-inch-------------------------------------------------------------------- . 098 DRILLING, TAPPING, AND STUDIOING STERN POST, PER HOLE. Rate. Diameter of hole: º 1-inch--------------------------------------------------------------------- $0.35 18-inch------------------------------------------------- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - , .42 13-inch------------------------------------------------- * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * .46 DRILLING STERN STRUTS AND KIEEL PLATES, STERN POST ON GROUND OR ON SETIP, PER HOLE. Rate. Diameter of hole: Depth of hole per 1 inch— 3-inch. . . . . . --------------------------------------------------------- . . . $0.056 #-inch. . . . . ---------------------------------------------------------- - . 056 3-inch. . . . . .---------------------------- sº e º ºs e s ºr * is e º s = e = * * * * * * * * s = ºr e º ºs wº . 056 #-inch. . . . . . --------------------------------------------------------- sº . 056 1-inch. . . . . ---------------------------------------------------------- * . 07 18-inch. . . . . --------------------------------- ... s. sº º ºs s = * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * es . 084 14-inch. . . . . --------------------------------------------------------- * . 098 18-inch. . . . . --------------------------------------------------------- & . 125 ALL COUNTERSINKING OF DRILLED HOLES, PER HOLE. Diameter of hole: . TJp to and including— 3-inch. . . . .--------------------------------------------------------- . . . . $0.01 #-inch. . . . .---------------------------------------------------------- * .014 1-inch. . . . .---------------------------------------------------------- - . 018 18-inch. . . . . . -------------------------------------------------------- sº .022 ATLANTIC COAST, GULF, AND GREAT LAKES. 299 Day rate. | - Rate g . per hour. Drillers.----------------------------------------------------------------------- $0.68 NOTES. Drilling operations above listed shall normally be per- formed at the straight piece rate. In cases in which al- lowance as defined on page 1, above, is permissible the basis of compensation on such allowance is to be the average earnings at piecework for the preceding three days: Provided, That these rates shall not be less than the hourly day rate as shown above nor more than double the hourly day rate. (Ruling Jan. 27, 1919.) In drilling operations not covered by these rates the agreement system as defined on page 1, above, may be used. The agreement rate should be in proper balance with the above rates for work of a similar type. Rates fixed by agreement which are to continue in operation for more than one week shall be reported to the examiner of the district, and shall be superseded whenever uniform piece rates for such work shall have been fixed by the board. To the earnings of drillers employed at piecework and paid in accordance with the above piece rates, 10 per cent shall be added at the conclusion of each day period, such addition being regarded as a part of the piece-rate earn- ings to which such men are entitled. This addition is to apply only to earnings derived from work covered by above piece-rate scale and paid for in strict conformity with that scale and does not apply to earnings based on agreement or on allowance. (Decision Nov. 30, 1918.) PIECE RATES_LIMITATION OF. January 31, 1919. Board to Examiner (Jacksonville, Fla.). Complying with your request of the 23d we inclose herewith half a dozen copies of the board’s decision of November 30, readjusting piece rates, together with a number of rulings issued supplementary thereto. The booklet upon which this readjustment is based is being reprinted and is temporarily out of stock. Copies will be forwarded to you, however, as soon as they come off the press. Please note Section IV of the decision of November 30 in which it is stated that the board is convinced from its investigations that uniform piece rates should not be extended to other occupations than riveting, chipping and calking, drilling and reaming. See p. 271: 300. SHIPBUILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD Awards. PIECE RATES-ECORSE PLANT. February 3, 1919. Board to Examiner (Great Lakes). As you know, Mr. Sullivan has been investigating this subject on behalf of the board. Upon his recommenda-, tion the board grants $1 per hundred increase for side. shell engine room, on the class of boats referred to in Mr. Short’s letter to Mr. Fisher, bearing date September 26, 1918, as shown on the “shell expansion print,” which * Short sent Mr. Millen with his letter of December 27, 1918. Mr. Sullivan does not think other riveters for which an increased rate is requested as shown on shell expansion print should be increased. His view, as you know, is based on a personal investigation on board the boat. The board, therefore, authorizes no increase except as above noted. - - We understand from Mr. Sullivan that the increased rates for which authorization is asked have actually been in force, and there is, therefore, no occasion to make the authorization retroactive. Accordingly it becomes effec- tive for the current pay period. 4. APPRENTICESHIP RATES FORE RIVER, February 7, 1919. Board to Examiner (Boston). The following apprenticeship rates having been inves- tigated by the examiner and having been found to con- form with previous practice and with the general purpose of such rates are hereby approved: First period, 1,190 hours of course, 35 per cent of first- class mechanics’ rate. $ Second period, 1,190 hours of course, 40 per cent of first-class mechanics’ rate. - Third period, 2,380 hours of course, 45 per cent of first- class mechanics’ rate. - * Fourth period, 2,380 hours of course, 50 per cent of first-class mechanics’ rate. CAR REPAIRERS–HOG ISLAND. February 7, 1919. Board to Examiner (Philadelphia). Acting upon the recommendation of Examiner Batzell, of the Delaware River district, the board establishes for the Hog Island plant the classification of car repairers, steam transportation department, at the rate of 58 cents. SIGNALMEN. February 11, 1919. Board to Examiner (Houston, Tex.). Authorizing rate of 68 cents for signalmen. ALLOWAN CE RATE. February 13, 1919. Board to Examiner (Philadelphia). The board’s intention is that the average earnings for the next preceding three days (not necessarily consecu- ATLANTIC COAST, GULF, AND GREAT LAKES. 301 tive) at piecework are to be the basis of the allowance rate. With this understanding there would seem to be no oc- casion for any provision for a fixed allowance rate for situations when the above method is impracticable. If compensation on allowance is restricted to pieceworkers, there should in every case be three preceding days of piecework to which to refer and work on allowance will not be approved until there have been three days’ work at piece rates. ALLOWANCE RATE–HAND GANG WITH TWO RIVETERS. February 14, 1919. Board to Examiner (Boston). A hand gang with two riveters is entitled to an allow- ance of $41.90 as a maximum, but the allowance rate of $29.10 or $41.90 must be applied strictly as a maximum. No allowance rate is authorized except a rate based upon average earnings during the next preceding three full days (not necessarily consecutive) worked at piece rates. Compensation on allowance is therefore not authorized to any gang until it has had three full days’ work at piece rates. . FIVE PER CENT BONUS FOR NIGHT work—PIECE- WORK OR ALLOWAN CE. February 14, 1919. Board to Examiner (Savannah). The 5 per cent bonus for night work was intended by our board to be inducement to build up night shift and reward inconvenience in working that shift. Board has therefore applied 5 per cent bonus to all workers on night shift whether hourly, piece, agreement, or allow- ance workers. - tº RETRO ACTIVE pay-quºtermen AND LEADING February 14, 1919. Board to Examiner (Boston). . Inasmuch as the jurisdiction of the board was not ex- tended to this group of employees prior to October, and since no rates were anywhere provided by it for leading men and quartermen prior to October, 1918, it is quite impossible now to consider the authorization of retro- active pay requested by you over that earlier period. PIECE RATES-OTHER THAN BLACK BOOK. February 15, 1919. Board to Examiner (Philadelphia). The ruling of January 28 sets no limit to possible earn- ings at piece rates. If only 10 per cent of the best men work at piece rates, their earnings may consistently be double the hourly day provided in the board’s award. 302 SEIIPBTUILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. The language of the ruling is to be construed as estab- lishing the principle that piece rates for crafts and oper- ations other than listed in the Black Book should be suffi- cient to enable workers of average capacity to earn not. less than the hourly rate nor more than one and one-half times the hourly rate for the craft. For your information, however, we may say that the language which you quote from Section II, clause A, on page 2 of the ruling of January 28, was intended to provide that the authorized increase will be reimbursed to the extent of the increase in hourly day rates. It does not mean to authorize reimbursement of an increase of approximately 10 per cent. APPRENTICESHIP RATES-NEW YORK SHIPBUILDING CORPORATION. February 15, 1919. Board to Examiner (Philadelphia). Shipbuilding Labor Adjustment Board approves the following rates for general and coppersmith apprentices to be retroactive to October 1, 1918: - General. Copper. First year: First 6 months. . . . . .----------------------------------------- S0.25 $0.35. Second 6 months. . . . .---------------------------------------- . 30 . . 40. Second year: First 6 months. . . . . . .---------------------------------------- . 35 . 46. Second 6 months. . . . . . --------------------------------------- . 40 . 52. Third year: 4. First 6 months. . . . . .----------------------------------------- .46 , 58 Second 6 months. . . . .---------------------------------------- . 52 . 64 Fourth year: First 6 months. . . . . .----------------------------------------- . 58 . 70 Second 6 months. . . . . ---------------------------------------- - . 64 . 75. OPERATORS OF OIL BURNING GANTRY CRANES (HOG - ISLAND). Aº February 21, 1919. Board to Examiner (Philadelphia). On representation of the examiner for the Philadelphia district substantiating the findings of the men and the management at the Hog Island yard, the board finds that a differential in favor of the operators of oil-burning Gantry cranes over the wages paid to other crane opera- tors is justified. The board therefore authorizes the rate of 90 cents an hour for the operators of oil-burning Gantry cranes at the Hog Island yard, said rate to be operative from February 20, 1919. APPEAL FROM EXAMINERS’ RULINGs. February 22, 1919. General Letter. In order to bring the business of the Shipbuilding Labor Adjustment Board to an expeditious conclusion before the board goes out of existence on March 31, 1919, ATLANTIC COAST, GULF, AND GREAT LAKES. 303 it is hereby ruled that appeals from decision of examiners may be taken not later than one week after the date when the examiners’ decisions are made. The examiners at the time of making decisions should advise all parties in interest of this limitation on the time of taking appeals. * OVERTIME RATE–DIRTY WORK. February 24, 1919. Board to Examiner (Philadelphia). The board rules that provision for double time on regular work would apply to whatever rate a man is getting at the time that the double time begins. If at the time a man went on repair work he were getting the 10-cent differential, that differential for “dirty work” would be double along with the base rates. The same, of course, would be true if the man went on “dirty work” after beginning to work at double time. NIGHT SHIFT BONUS. February 27, 1919. Board to Examiner (Great Lakes). Replying to your letter of February 21, we wish to advise that the question of application of the 5 per cent bonus for night shift has given rise to considerable diffi- culty, resulting in the board’s decision that owing to the different climatic conditions in different sections of the country, any shift beginning work at the conclusion of the working period of the normal eight-hour day shift shall be considered a night shift and be entitled to the 5 per cent bonus provided for workers on the night shift. Under this ruling where three shifts are employed, two of them will be permitted to claim 5 per cent bonus for night shift. SPECIAL RATES.–ATLANTIC CORPORATION. February 27, 1919. Board to Examiner (New York)—Trans- mission to Boston. ** NoTE.—On February 20, 1919, Examiner Preble at Boston, acting under the examiner at New York, au- thorized certain special rates for Atlantic Corporation at Portsmouth, N. H. This authorization was afterwards forwarded to the board, and the board replied as follows: The board has constantly drawn a sharp distinction between the application of rates and decisions with re- spect to classification and the actual fixing of rates. Without in any way questioning the ability of local ex- aminers to fix rates satisfactorily, it is clear that the idea of uniform rates would soon fall to the ground if each examiner were to be constantly adding new rates to those fixed by the board. For that reason the board has not intended to give examiners jurisdiction to fix new rates, but has asked them, rather, to make recommenda- 304 SEIIPBUILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. tion to the board in cases where new rates seem necessary. This policy has frequently resulted in enabling the board, with comparatively slight modification in rates recom- mended by examiners, to preserve uniformity throughout different districts. Will you please take this up with Mr. Preble and see that he is fully advised on the board’s position? - The rates approved by Mr. Preble in his letter of Feb- ruary 20 to the Atlantic Corporation seem not to violate any part of uniformity hitherto established. Unless there is appeal, the board does not think it necessary in this case to review them. The following is the authorization of Examiner Preble referred to : . - February 20, 1919. Letter—Preble to Atlantic Corporation. Further replying to yours of January 20, it appears to me, after carefully going over the subject matter of your communication, that your request for authorization for certain classifications and rates in some instances would be unwise to grant because of the resulting confusion in the auditing department. Others, however, are granted, and I wish it were possible for me to grant them all, but where there is a classification and rate provided in the award it seems best to follow that strictly. In group A–1 you request a classification for two tank- tester learners at 70 cents per hour. In this case you are authorized to pay these two tank iearners 70 cents for a period of three months, when they should be classified as tank testers, according to the rate provided in the award. In the case of your request for classification for three linermen learners at 46 cents per hour, as there are help- ers provided for in this classification, you are advised to classify them as linermen helpers at 54 cents an hour. In group A–2 you request a classification for 11 labor gang leaders at 56 cents per hour. This request is not granted, for if these men are leading men they should be classified as such and paid 18 cents more than the rate provided for the men under their direction. - In the case of your request for authorization for one tank tester leader of the rate of 90 cents an hour. This request is not granted, for if this man is a leading man he should be classified as such and paid 18 cents an hour more than the men under his direction. In the case of your request for authorization for two loftsmen leaders at $1 per hour. Request is not granted, for if these men are leading men they should be classified as such and paid 18 cents an hour more than the rate for the class of men they direct. In the case of your request for authorization for six marine erector leaders at 90 cents an hour. This request is not granted, for if these men are leading men they should be classified as such and paid 18 cents an hour more than the rate of the class of men they direct. ATLANTIC COAST, GULF, AND GREAT LAKES. 805 In group A–3 you request authorization for one track- man leader at 60 cents an hour. Authorization is granted in this case. & In the case of your request for authorization for five trackmén at the rate of 50 cents an hour. Authorization is granted in this case. . In the case of your request for authorization for one first-class chauffeur at $35 per week. Authorization is granted for this case for the reason that if the recent ruling of the Shipbuilding Labor Adjustment Board for chauffeurs rate at 60 cents an hour was put into effect in this case at this time, it might cause complications and seem like bad faith on your part. - In the case of your request for authorization for two Second-class chauffeurs at $30 per week. Authorization is granted in this case for the Same reasons as given above: It should be understood, however, that in case new chauffeurs are hired that the rate of 60 cents an hour as awarded by the board should apply in their cases. In the case of your request for authorization for three janitors at 50 cents an hour. Authorization is granted in this case. In the case of your request for authorization for one spar maker at 85 cents an hour. Authorization is granted in this case. - In Group B, you request authorization of a rate of 85 cents per hour for one machinist whose rate was higher than the award of October 1. Authorization is granted in this case. - In the case of your request for authorization for one blacksmith’s helper, light fires, at 55 cents an hour, whose rate was higher than that provided in the award of Oc- tober 1. Authorization in this case is granted. In Group B, you request authorization for one locomo- tive fireman at 58 cents an hour. Authorization is granted in this case. PIECE RATES FURN ACE SHOP AT CRAMPS SHIPYARD. March 3, 1919. Board to Cramps. Confirming our conversation of to-day, the Shipbuild- ing Labor Adjustment Board granted an increase of 10 per cent to be added to the earnings of pieceworkers un- der the jurisdiction of the board as they stood October 1, 1918. - - There is some doubt whether the system in the furnace shop at Cramp's is to be regarded as piecework System or contract system, but the board is quite willing to give the workers the benefit of the doubt and award retroac- tive pay, as it has done in the case of other pieceworkers. That is to say, 80 cents a day from the first pay period in October until November 30, and 10 per cent additional to the earnings from every pay period from November 30 S9811—22—20 306 SHIPBUILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. ºf until January 13, 1919, when the new piece-rate arrange- ment in Cramp's furnace department went into effect. The board has compared the earnings since January 13. with the earnings prior to January 13, and it finds that the increase is considerably more than 10 per cent. It therefore rules that the men may have an option as to continuing the present system or going back to the old System with the 10 per cent increase on the earnings as they stood before January 13. * However, the board would not be justified in permit- ting the men to retain the increase in pay resulting from the change that occurred on January 13 and also to add- ing 10 per cent to those increased earnings. PIECE RATES-HOG ISLAND. March 6, 1919. Board to Fleet Corporation. Confirming our conversation of last Monday, the board feels that the piece-rate situation at Hog Island is one of long standing, and that it will require a period of time considerably beyond that during which the board will be in existence to adequately straighten it out. The action of the board in permitting a deviation from the regular piece-rate Scale was permissive, not man- datory. Admiral Bowles, as agent of the Emergency Fleet Corporation, asked permission to allow the Amer- ican International Corporation, another agent of the Emergency Fleet Corporation, to use a different rate than that used in other yards. * , While the permission of the board by its wording con- tinued until otherwise ordered, it is quite clear that either of the agents of the Emergency Fleet Corporation were at liberty to discontinue availing themselves of the per- mission granted, provided in so doing they do not violate any rulings of the Shipbuilding Labor Adjustment Board. Clearly it could not be a violation of the board to operate under the piece-rate schedule which the board has regularly authorized. - * If there were still time for the board thoroughly to supplement its previous inquiries on the subject, it is not unlikely that it would discover that the permission to operate under a special schedule of prices ought to be withdrawn. In the absence of such withdrawal, the mat- ter is one for the Emergency Fleet to settle with its own agents. - TRANSPORTATION OF EMPLOYEES–NORTH ATLANTIC DISTRICT. March 18, 1919. Board to Examiner (New York). We wish to advise that the board has rendered no deci- sions on the above subject for your district. In the deci- sions for the Delaware River and Baltimore and South Atlantic and Gulf districts of April 6, 1918, provisions ATLANTIC COAST, GULF, AND GREAT LAKES. 807 are made for the transportation expenses of employees, and it is to these decisions that the October award refers in the statement that the board transfers to and vests in the United States Shipping Board Emergency Fleet Cor- poration full authority over question of transportation of employees. GALVANIZERS–CRAMPS SHIPYARD. March 25, 1919. Board to Examiner (Philadelphia). On representation of the examiner for the Delaware River district, the following rates at Cramps Shipbuild- ing Corporation are approved as of this date: Galvanizers ------------------------------- . 80 Second galvanizers ------------------------ . 72 Acid men--------------------------------- . 70 Helpers----------------------------------- . 64 PIECE RATES BLACK BOOK VERSUS PREVAILING RATES. March 28, 1919. Board to Examiner. Replying to the question contained in last paragraph of your letter of March 24, the provision in the April 6 award to which you referred did not contemplate about 15 per cent increase on the rates in the Black Book. Reference to the language of the award will show that it was not framed with the thought that the Black Book rates were in force. In yards in which these rates were in force the 15 per cent increase would already have been made since the Black Book represented roughly such an increase over previous rates. |NOTE:-The letter of the examiner of March 24 follows: On February 25, 1918, the board established certain rates known as the “Black Book '' rates. Presumably these rates went into effect in most of the yards shortly thereafter. - The contract of the Submarine Boat Corporation pro- vided that it shall obtain reimbursement from the Emer- gency Fleet Corporation for all increased piece rates due to the ruling of the Shipbuilding Labor Adjustment Board for the “prevailing ” piece rates. For the purpose of ascertaining the amount of reim- bursement to which it is entitled, the Submarine Boat Corporation has asked this office to rule that the “Black Book rates' were the “prevailing ” rates from April 25 to the time of the signing of its contract, some day in May. However, I find that in its decision of April 6 the board provides that the “prevailing ” piece rates in the district shall be increased 15 per cent. Did this contem- plate a 15 per cent increase in the piece rates previously established, February 25, in the Black Book or did it 308 SHIPBUILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. refer simply to the operations which are not covered in the Black Book? P. S.—I fear I do not make myself clear in the above. The S. B. C. claims the Black Book rate to be the prevail- ing rates from February 25 to April 6, and that, after April 6, the Black Book rates are to be increased 15 per cent. It makes its claim for reimbursement accordingly. PACIFIC COAST. [Oct. 24, 1918.] DECISION AS TO WAGES, HOURS, AND OTHER CONDITIONS IN PACIFIC COAST SHIPYARDS. SECTION I. Introduction.—(1) Reason for a national wage scale: The principal characteristic of the following decision for Pacific coast shipyards, and the decision We are issuing simultaneously for Atlantic coast, Gulf, and Great Lakes shipyards, is that they establish uniform national rates for practically all of the skilled trades. We have adopted these uniform national rates because experience has convinced us that by this means only can we put a stop to that shifting of employees from yard to yard and district to district, which continues to be a chief obstacle to efficient ship production. Added arguments for uniform national rates are that citizens working for the Government—and work on ships is now essentially Government work—feel that they should all be treated alike; that there are no longer any marked differences in the cost of living between different sections; and that the Federal Employment Service, rather than divergent wage rates with their unsettling tendencies, should hence- forth be relied upon to effect whatever shifting of wage earners is necessary to the carrying out of the war pro- gram. It is a special gratification to us that this change, which we believe to be in the national interest, was unani- mously requested by the international and local repre- sentatives of the shipbuilding crafts who came before us in the hearings which preceded this adjustment. In substituting uniform national rates for the ship- yard employees in the different crafts for the diverse rates previously established, so far as this seemed prac- ticable, we have not always been able to give full weight to local conditions. Since the results will be of benefit to the great majority of the employees affected we feel confident that the minority, who may be less benefited, will cheerfully accept the change in the interest of the greatest good to the greatest number. (2) Basis of increases in wages granted.—The memo- randum creating this board indicates clearly the ground for readjustments of wages. It says: “At any time after six months have elapsed following such ratified agree- ment, or any such final decision by the adjustment board 309 310 SHIPBUILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. on any question as to Wages, hours, or conditions in any plant or district, Such question may be reopened by the adjustment board for adjustment upon the request of a majority of the craft or crafts at such plant affected by Such agreement or decision, provided it can be shown that there has been a general and material increase in the cost of living.” This provision was not intended to and does not prevent such changes in the wages of particular crafts as will serve to bring them into more harmonious relation with other rates in the general scale. It was in- tended, however, to preclude during the duration of the war any general advance in wages beyond that justified by a “general and material increase in the cost of living.” The war in which we are engaged is primarily an industrial war. To win it we must mobilize all of our industrial resources and utilize them to promote the national purpose as we mobilize and utilize our Army and Navy. Standards of living are to be protected so far as practicable, but the national interests must not be sacrificed for the sake of the private interests of par- ticular groups of citizens. We have not hesitated to de- mand the extreme sacrifice from the millions of men we are sending to the front. Those left behind, Serving their country equally as war workers, must not expect to take advantage of the shortage of man power which the War itself causes to advance their prewar standards. For as the President said in his Labor Day message, in this struggle of democracy against autocracy, of labor against class privilege, “we are all enlisted men, members of a single army, of many parts and many tasks, but com- manded by a single obligation, our faces set toward a single purpose.” (3) Eastent of increase in cost of living and resulting adjustments of wage rates.—From the evidence submitted to the board by the Bureau of Labor Statistics in refer- ence to the increase in the cost of living in the 5 Pacific coast and in 16 Atlantic coast, Gulf, and Great Lakes shipbuilding centers, we conclude as follows: (a) The increase in the cost of living in Seattle from October, 1917, to February, 1918, was less than the 10 per cent increase in wages granted by the Navy Depart- ment and the Emergency Fleet Corporation in December, 1917, and made permanent on February 1, 1918. We therefore reaffirm our decision that no readjustment of wages for Seattle shipyards was due on February 1, as contended by the Seattle Metal Trades Council, and so advise the appeal board appointed to pass on this con- tention, after complying with their request that we re- examine this issue on the basis of the cost of living sta- tistics collected by the Bureau of Labor Statistics. (b) The average increase in the cost of living on the Pacific coast from October, 1917, to October, 1918, Was 20 per cent. - PACIFIC COAST. 31] (c) Applying this average increase to the basic daily wage of $5.25 established by our previous decision, the new basic wage for the $5.25 crafts would become $6.30, or $0.78% an hour. g - (d) The average increase in the cost of living in the shipbuilding centers of the Atlantic coast, Gulf, and Great Lakes for the eight months from December, 1917, to August, 1918, was 15 per cent. In the absence of statistics for the precise period, Tebruary to October, since our first decision for these eastern shipyards was rendered, we assume that the increase for these eight months was the same as for the overlapping eight months covered by the bureau’s investigation—that is, 15 per cent. (e) Adding 15 per cent to the basic hourly rate of $0.70 would make the new rate $0.80%. (f) In the interest of uniformity, and to comply with the unanimous request for a national wage scale of the international and local representatives of labor who ap- peared before us, we have made the basis hourly wage rate for the principal skilled crafts $0.80. (g) Owing to the diversity of conditions in the dif- ferent Sections of the country it has not seemed practi- cable to establish a uniform Scale for laborers. Following precedents set by other departments of the Government, which employ many more laborers than are engaged in shipbuilding, and in the interest of a uniform national policy, we have fixed different rates of wages for laborers and common laborers in the three districts—Pacific coast, North Atlantic and Great Lakes, and South Atlantic and Gulf. In each district we have increased the rate for laborers and helpers upon whom the burden of rising costs of living falls most heavily, as much or more than is required by a strict application of the increase in cost of living reported by the Bureau of Labor Statistics. (h) We have not deemed it necessary or wise to apply this entire increase in the cost of living to occupations already above the base rate of the scale for the skilled trades. As in assessing the income tax, the Government exempts altogether Small incomes while taking more than three-fourths of the income of the multimillionaire, so in adjusting wages, while granting an advance to laborers and helpers fully sufficient to offset the increase in the cost of living, we have not considered it proper to grant the full increase to the more highly paid occupations. Those whose daily rates were more than $5.25 have been increased 15 per cent, except where by slight variations from this rule it has been possible to establish a uniform national rate. . - * (?) In some cases, as in that of crane Operators in Seattle and Portland, we have made no increase, since they have already been given the benefit of an increase in excess of what is required by the increase in the cost 312 SEIIRBUILDING LABOR, ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. gº of living above the rate of $5.25, provided for “operat- ing engineers” in the original award and adhered to (with the 10 per cent added in December) in San Fran- cisco and Los Angéles. SEC. II. Future increases in wages based on changes in the cost of living.—A principal reason for the existence of this board and of the other governmental wage- adjusting agencies is to promote stability in the War industries by insuring just and reasonable readjustments in wages at periodic intervals without the necessity of recourse to strikes or lockouts. Unfortunately every readjustment of wages is, of necessity, itself a cause of widespread unrest and loss in efficiency. The advance in shipyard wages which we are now making because of the ascertained increase in the cost of living, and the advances which are being continuously made in other industries, will inevitably cause further increases in the cost of living. To prevent any possible misunderstanding in reference to the position of this board with regard to future read- justments of wages, we announce that we shall be guided by the following principles: (a) Until such time as the President may determine that the national interest requires suspension of the policy of advancing the wages of laborers, helpers, and journeymen in the basic skilled crafts to correspond with “general and material increases in the cost of living,” we shall deem it our duty to be guided in future read- justments by such ascertained increases. (b) The authority upon which we shall continue to rely for information as to changes in the cost of living is the agency of the National Government, which has been created and is maintained to make statistical inves- tigations of labor conditions—the Bureau of Labor Statis- tics of the United States Department of Labor. (c) After conference with representatives of the other governmental wage-adjusting agencies, we have decided that the dates at which it will be most expedient to make wage adjustments are October 1 and April 1. We have requested the Bureau of Labor Statistics to make the necessary investigations, so that we may be advised of future changes in the cost of living in time to announce on those dates whether readjustments are required and what readjustments. (d) To give precision to the expression “general and material increase in the cost of living,” we rule that, as used in the memorandum, this phrase means an average increase in the cost of living in the shipbuilding centers of the district to which any wage adjustment applies of not less than 10 per cent. It is clearly our duty to relieve shipyard employees of the burden that “material” and long-continued increases in the cost of living would impose upon them; but we deem it also our duty to PACIFIC COAST. 313 relieve Government industries of the unsettlement and loss that result from readjustments in wages unless in- creases in the cost of living that are really “material” have taken place. (e) We divide the country for wage-adjustment pur- poses into two districts: (1) Pacific coast, and (2) At- lantic coast, Gulf, and Great Lakes. For administrative purposes in the settlement of grievances, until further notice, we divide the shipbuilding centers of the country into nine districts—two on the Pacific coast, one on the Great Lakes, two on the South Atlantic and Gulf, and four on the North Atlantic. SEC. III. Transportation ea penses of employees.— Since our previous decisions were rendered the organiza- tion of the United States Shipping Board Emergency Fleet Corporation has developed to a point which makes it expedient to vest in it full responsibility for determin- ing the policies to be adopted with reference to sharing or absorbing the daily transportation expenses of ship- yard employees in places where the local housing facil- ities are inadequate. We therefore include no regulations with reference to this subject in this decision. SEC. IV. Shop committees for the adjustment of griev- ances.—Shipyard owners not parties to joint agreements with the labor organizations of their respective districts are directed to cooperate with their employees in making effective the following rules in reference to machinery for the settlement of industrial disputes: Provided, That shipyards having in operation substantially similar rules Ruling, Nov. 1, 1918, p. 324. may, on the recommendation of the district examiner, ap- proved by the board, be permitted to continue such rules in operation: (1) The employees of each craft or calling in a shop or yard shall have the right to select three of their number to represent them as members of a shop committee. Each member of this committee shall be chosen for a term of six months by a majority vote through Secret ballot, in such manner as the employees may direct. Vacancies for an unexpired term shall be filled by ballot. Members of an outgoing committee shall be eligible for reelection. The chairman of each shop committee shall be a member of a joint shop committee. The joint shop committee shall by ballot select five of its members to act as an ex- ecutive committee to represent it in conferences with the superintendent or higher officials of the company. In contested cases the district examiner shall decide as to the validity of the election of a shop committee, and Su- pervise a new election when he deems such new election necessary. (2) When a grievance arises it shall be taken up by the craft or laborer’s committee with the foreman or general foreman. Failing an adjustment the craft or laborer's committee may then take it up with the Superintendent. 314 SEIIPBUILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. and may call in the assistance of a representative chosen by the committee to confer over the grievance with the Superintendent or the higher officials of the company. If the grievance concerns more than one craft it shall be bandled through the joint shop committee, first with the superintendent, and then, failing a settlement, with the higher officials of the company. In such conference with the superintendent or higher officials the joint committee shall have the right to call in the assistance of a repre- sentative chosen by the committee. In case such confer- ence fails to result in a satisfactory adjustment the griev- ance shall be submitted to the district examiner. (3) Any committeeman elected in accordance with the provisions of this section, who shall be found to have been discharged without just or sufficient cause, after due investigation in the manner herein provided for the ad- justment of grievances, shall be reinstated with full pay *or all time lost. - SEC. V. Discrimination against union or monunion mem. prohibited.—Believing that in this national emergency past differences between employers and employees must be forgotten in the common determination to produce the Ruling, Nov. 25, 1918, p.331. maximum number of ships, the board will not tolerate any discrimination either on the part of employers or employees between union and nonunion men: Provided, That this declaration is to be interpreted so as to con- form with the principles laid down by the President of the United States in the proclamation of April 8, 1918, creating the National War Labor Board. SEC. VI. Weekly pay.—Except where otherwise pro- vided by joint agreement, employees shall be paid at least once a week on the company’s time, and in no case shall more than one week's pay be held back. SEC. VII. Shipyard employees to be provided with identification cards.--To put an end to the continuous misunderstandings as to the rates of pay to which em- ployees are entitled, the board directs that every shipyard employee is to be provided with an identification card by the shipyard company which employs him, such cards to be supplied by the Emergency Fleet Corporation. Upon these cards shall be entered the name of the employee, the date on which the card is issued to him, his occupation, and the rate of pay which he is to receive. - SEC. VIII. Prompt payment on withdrawal from em- ployment.—Any employee laid off, discharged, or quit- ting of his own volition shall, as promptly as possible and in any event within 24 hours, receive all wages due him. SEó. IX. Compulsory insurance assessments prohib- ited.—Disapproving of insurance assessments arbitrarily required by employers and with due regard to the limita- tions of existing statutes, we direct that no employee who makes request for exemption in writing shall be required by the employing shipyard to pay any assessment, not . PACIFIC COAST. 315 made obligatory by State law, for insurance, medical at- tendance, or other benefits. SEC. X. Medical first aid to be provided.—Competent medical first aid shall be provided for employees requir- ing such aid and paid for by the employer. SEC. XI. Adequate toilets, washing facilities, and drinking water to be provided.—Shipyard owners are di- rected to provide for their employees adequate and sani- tary toilets, Washing facilities, and pure drinking water, properly cooled during the Summer months. SEC. XII. Additional sanitary precautions.—Our at- tention has been called to the danger to the health of painters resulting from the use of spraying machines and from poisonous gases and fumes in inadequately ven- tilated portions of the vessel in which they are employed. We request that our examiners bring such conditions, when found to exist in their districts, promptly to the attention of the Director of Industrial Relations. SEC. XIII. Scale of wages established.—The rates of wages to be paid to different classes of employees by all of the shipyards of the Pacific coast district under the ºxhibit A. P. jurisdiction of this board shall be those set forth in the “Rulings, Nov. schedule appended hereto (Exhibit A), which is made a .º. substantive part of this award. 334. SEC. XIV. Wages now paid individual employees not to be cut.—Hourly or weekly rates of wages now being paid to individual employees in excess of the rates fixed, º, . herein are in nowise altered or affected by the establish-Nov. 33. #31. ment of these rates: Provided, That employees taken on #3, ...";.” or transferred to a different occupation after this deci-" sion becomes effective shall be paid the rates established in Schedule “A”: And provided further, That this shall not be interpreted to sanction rates improperly fixed by any shipyard. SEC. XV. Piece rates.—No changes in existing piece Rulings, Nov. rates are to be made until after the conference between ..."; }; representatives of the shipyards and of the piece-rate #3; * * crafts, which has been called to meet in Washington dur-" " “ ing the current month, has been held and its recommenda- tions have been acted upon by the board. No extensions of the piece-rate system to occupations not now operating under this system are to be made until the rates proposed have been submitted to the board and approved by it in Writing. SEC. XVI. Further eaſtensions of eaſisting premium, bonus, or contract systems without eacpress authorization prohibited.—A primary purpose in adopting a national wage scale for shipyard employees is to stabilize labor conditions. Experience has taught us that the premium, bonus, and contract systems of wage payment may, un- less controlled, be used to entice employees from one shipyard to another. We therefore direct that no fur- ther extensions of the premium, bonus, or contract sys- 316 SEIIIPBTUILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. tems be made in any shipyard without the express writ- ten authorization of this board. * SEC. XVII. Draftsmen and copyists.-In response to the request of the Navy Department and the Emergency Fleet Corporation, of representatives of the employees affected and of many of the shipbuilding companies, we have held hearings and made a careful study of the com- Rulings, Dec. pensation and privileges now enjoyed by draftsmen, with # *ś a view to standardizing these conditions in the shipyards # *, *. under our jurisdiction. On the basis of this study we ' " " direct that in all shipyards building vessels under direct contract with the Navy Department or the Emergency Fleet Corporation, the compensation, hours, and condi- tions of employment of draftsmen and copyists conform. to the following regulations, to be made effective in such shipyards with the pay period beginning on October 1, 1918, or immediately thereafter. - First. Draftsmen and copyists are to be subdivided into the following defined classes and are to receive the compensation indicated: Charge man-Man who is in responsible charge of the drafting work on One or more ships, and who is super- vising its execution. Must have had five years’ experi- ence in marine drafting, or be a graduate of a technical School in the course in engineering or architecture and, in addition, have had two years’ experience in a shipyard. Rate per hour, $1.25 during the first six months’ service in this class, and to increase 5 cents per hour at the end of each six months’ period to a maximum of $1.50 per hour. -- Drafting, grade A.—Man laying out and developing work completely from specifications. Must have had two years’ experience as draftsman in grade B, or five years' drafting or equivalent experience outside of a shipyard, or be a graduate of a technical school in the course in engineering or architecture, and, in addition, have had one year’s experience in a shipyard. Rate per hour, $1 during the first six months’ service in this grade, and to increase 5 cents per hour at the end of each six months’ period to a maximum of $1.20 per hour. Draftsman, grade B.-Man designing details. Must have served one year as draftsman in grade C or be a graduate of a technical school in the course in engineering or architecture, with some shipyard experience, or have had four years’ drafting or equivalent experience out- side of a shipyard. Rate per hour, $0.75 during the first six months’ service in this grade, and to increase 5 cents per hour at the end of each six months’ period to a maximum of $0.90 per hour. Draftsman, grade C.—Man handling details under supervision. Must have had two years’ experience in a shipyard, or three years’ drafting or equivalent experi- ence outside of a shipyard, or be a graduate of a technical , PACIFIC COAST. 317 school in the course in engineering or architecture. Rate, $0.65 per hour. First-class copyist.—Man who alters tracings to agree with work or sketches of work, or man starting to do detail work. Must have had six months’ experience in a shipyard or in a drafting room or in a technical School. Rate per hour, $0.50 during the first six months’ service in this grade, and to increase 5 cents per hour at the end of each six months’ period to a maximum of $0.60. Second-class copyist.—Man who traces from original work. . Rate, $0.40 per hour. Second. The qualifications specified in the above classi- fication are minimum qualifications. Promotions from one class to another are not to be automatic, but are to depend upon the need of the shipyards for additional employees in the higher class and the personal qualifica- tions of the employees. In case of a dispute as to the grading or promotion of an employee, appeal may be made to the shop committee of draftsmen, to be selected in accordance with the provisions of Section IV, and failing an agreement between the shop committee and the chief draftsman, to the examiner of the district. Third. Draftsmen and copyists now employed are to be classified in accordance with the above scale, due weight being given to proficiency experience, length of service, and compensation now received in determining to which class each employee shall be assigned: Provided, That wages now being paid to individual employees in excess of the rates fixed herein are to be in nowise altered or affected by the establishment of these rates. Fourth. The regulations in regard to hours of employ- ment and extra compensation for week-day overtime and holidays and for work on the night shift shall be the same for draftsmen and copyists as are prescribed in the decisions of this board for mechanics in the shipyards in which they are employed. Fifth. Draftsmen and copyists shall be allowed 12 holidays, each year with pay, including the following: Christmas, New Year's Day, Washington's Birthday, Decoration Day, Fourth of July, Labor Day, Thanks- giving Day, and a half holiday on State and National election days; provided, that in shipyards now allowing draftsmen more than 12 holidays a year with pay the existing custom shall not be changed. SEC. XVIII. Leading men and quartermen.—In re- sponse to the request of the Navy Department and the Emergency Fleet Corporation, and after conference with 3 representatives of the shipyards and of the employees affected, we have adopted the following definitions of leading men, quartermen, assistant foremen, and fore- men, and prescribe the rates of compensation indicated below for leading men and quartermen, effective for the Rulings, 2, 1918, p. Dec. 12, 1918, p. 34. Nov. 324 ; 3.18 SETIPBTUILDING LABOR, ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. pay period beginning on October 1, 1918, or immediately thereafter. First. A leading man, Sometimes known as a gang boss, Snapper, or pusher, is a man who directs, expedites, and is responsible for the output or effort of a certain group of workmen. He is responsible to a foreman, assistant foreman, or quarterman. “Leading men " are not to be confused with “leaders,” as defined in Exhibit A. The number of leading men shall not exceed on the average 1 to every 12 in the craft under their direction; provided, that in a yard or upon a vessel in which less than 12 men of any craft are employed there may be one leading man for such craft. & Rate per hour, $0.18 in addition to the hourly rate fixed for first-class mechanics in the craft under his direction. Second. A quarterman, sometimes known as a Sub- foreman, is a man who directs and expedites and is responsible for the effort and output of more than one group of workmen. He is responsible to a foreman or assistant foreman. The number of quartermen shall not exceed on an average 1 to every 30 men in the craft under their direction; provided, that there may be one quarter- man to each craft employed on Small vessels, irrespective of the number of men of that craft so employed. Rate per hour, $0.36 in addition to the hourly rate fixed for first-class mechanics in the craft under his direction. Third. An assistant foreman is a man who, under the direction of the foreman, handles a part of the work of a foreman, and who takes the place of the foreman in his absence. A foreman is a man who supervises the work of all the men in a particular department or trade, in accord- ance with the organization scheme of the plant at which he is employed. He is responsible to the Superintendent or the assistant superintendent and has under his imme- diate supervision the assistant foreman and the quarter- men and leading men in his department or trade. After careful consideration we have decided that it would be unwise for this board to attempt to standardize the compensation of foremen and assistant foremen. We therefore leave the determination of the compensation of these employees to the yards concerned, subject to any supervision which the Navy Department or the Emer- gency Fleet Corporation may deem it necessary to exer- cise. We also assume no jurisdiction over the employ- ment or discharge of foremen, believing that responsi- bility for the selection and control of the Supervisory force should rest squarely with the shipyards themselves. Fourth. The regulations in regard to hours of em- ployment and extra compensation for week-day overtime and holidays and for work on the night shift shall be the PACIFIC COAST. 319 Same for leading men and quartermen as are prescribed in decisions of this board for mechanics in the shipyards in which they are employed. - SEG. XIX. Guards, watchmen, and sergeants-Guards, tº * watchmen, and sergeants are to work eight hours a day ``" " for six days a week. No overtime is to be required, ex- cept in extreme emergencies, or when the number of em- ployees is insufficient to permit of rotation. The com- pensation for overtime and for Sundays and holidays is to be at straight time. Rates per hour: Guards and watchmen, $0.60; sergeants, $0.65, effective for the pay period beginning on October 1, 1918, or immediately thereafter. SEC.. XX. Rates of wages for occupations not speci. fied.—Rates of wages for shipbuilding occupations not included in Exhibit A will be fixed by a supplementary decision, to be issued as soon as the necessary information can be collected. Meantime, existing rates for these occupations are to remain unchanged, except on the rec- ommendation of the district examiner approved by the board. SEC. XXI. Wo intermediate rates for occupations in- cluded in decision to be paid.—The rates fixed for occu- pations enumerated in Exhibit A are the rates to be paid employees in these occupations, except where special rates for learners have been established by joint agreement or upon the recommendation of the district examiner ap- proved by the board, as provided in the following Section: SEC. XXII. Method of training new men when the available supply of qualifted journeymen is inadequate.— At a conservative estimate the shipyards of the country will require 200,000 additional employees to carry out the present shipbuilding program. Whenever the board shall be convinced by investigation, in connection with which the representatives of the employees, as well as the ship- yard owners, shall be consulted, that there is an inade- quate supply of qualified mechanics in any occupation, and that this can not be met by transferring qualified mechanics from nonessential industries in other parts of the country, the board will issue regulations covering the following points: (1) The method of training new men to be set up and administered subject to the Supervisory control of the Director of Industrial Relations of the Emergency Fleet Corporation; (2) the rate of wages to be paid those admitted to the training course; (3) the du- ration of the course; (4) the probationary period before they shall be entitled to receive the wages fixed for fully qualified journeymen; and (5) the method of determining when graduates of the course have acquired sufficient skill to entitle them to be ranked as qualified journeymen. Pending decision in regard to this matter for other dis- tricts the board approves the so-called “permit system ’’ established in Seattle by agreement between representa- 320 SEIIIPBTUILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. tives of the shipyards and of organized labor, and the agreement entered into between the steel yards of San Francisco and Local No. 6 of the International Union of aß". Boilermakers, Iron Shipbuilders and Helpers of America 3 tº - s * 5 338. and directs its examiner to collect information as to the need of the extension of these or other similar systems in their respective districts. Rulings, Nov. SEC.. XXIII. Working hours, holidays, and eaſtra com- #."º pensation for overtime, holidays, and work on the night ; P: *. shift–Pending the announcement of a national labor '* * policy standardizing working conditions on Government work and work for the Government, the working hours, holidays, extra compensation for overtime, holidays, and work on the night shift shall remain as established for shipyards and repair yards in the respective districts by previous decisions of this board. In case of dispute as to what these conditions were in the shipyards of any district, the standard shall be the conditions observed in such district during the corresponding month of the pre- ceding year. sº. § Sec. XXIV. Application of decision.—This decision i.e.” #1: "... shall apply in California, Oregon, and Washington to & shipbuilding and ship-repairing plants, to plants engaged in installing equipment on ships under direct contracts with the Navy Department or the Emergency Fleet Cor- poration or the United States Shipping Board to work performed by Subcontractors in such plants or upon ships being built or repaired under such contracts, and to ship- yard construction or extension, the expense of which is borne entirely by the Navy Department or the Emer- gency Fleet Corporation: Provided, That rates and work- ing conditions in connection with such yard construction or extension for the building occupations are to be the prevailing rates and working conditions in the building trades in the locality in which the shipyard is situated. 1s"; }; SEC. XXV. Retroactive provision.—In order that ship- Nºv. 3, 1915, p. yard employees on the Pacific coast may be fully com- #3, p.º. " pensated for the loss and inconvenience which they have suffered because of the unavoidable delay in the an- nouncement of this decision, the wage rates fixed in schedule A are made retroactive to August 1, 1918. Their attention is called to the fact that in strictness the basis for calculating their retroactive pay should be the increase from October, 1917, to August, 1918, rather than the greater increase from October, 1917, to October, 1918, as herein provided. The more liberal adjustment is made in recognition of the excellent production record of Pacific coast shipyards and in lieu of any further adjustment of wages prior to April 1, 1919. All em- ployees entitled to retroactive pay who were employed for any length of time from August 1 until this deci- sion is made effective, are to receive retroactive pay for PACIFIC COAST. 321 the period of their employment, whether or not they are Ruling, Noy. still employed. 13, 1918, p. 327. SEC. XXVI. Date when decision becomes effective.— The rates and other conditions prescribed in this deci- sion, except as otherwise provided, shall be put into effect for the pay period beginning on or immediately after Tuesday, October 1, 1918, or as soon thereafter as practicable. W. EvDRIT MACY, Chairman, Appointed by the President of the United States. L. C. MARSHALL, Appointed by the Navy Department and the Emergency Fleet Corporation. A. J. BERREs, Appointed by the President of the American Federation of Labor. WASHINGTON, D. C., October 24, 1918. EXHIBIT A. Wage scale for employees in Pacific coast Shipyards. OCCUPATION." Rate per hour. Acetylene burners $0.76 Acetylene Welders ––– . 80 Angle and frame Setters . 80 Anglesmiths— Heavy fires” . 96 Ruling, Nov. Heavy-fire helpers . 64 20, 1918, p. 329. Other fires *. . 80 Other fire helpers . 5S Back handler --------------------- . 5S Bending rollers g- . 80 BlackSmithS— Heavy fires” . 96 Heavy-fire helpers . 64 Other fires . 80 Other fire helpers . 58 BOiler makers . S0 Boiler makers’ helpers . 58 Bolters . 58 Bolt makers (bolt headers) - . 80 Boltmakers’ helpers . 58 Brakemen, yard . 66 Carpenters, ship * . 86 Carpenters' helpers . 58 Casting cleaners . 58 Checkers, material____ - . 64 1. The occupations enumerated in this decision are described in the “Handbook on Shipyard Occupations,” published by the United States Shipping Board , Emergency. Fleet Corporation, copies of which may be obtained through the district examiner of the Shipbuilding Labor Ad- justment Board. e 2 Anglesmiths and blacksmiths, heavy fires are anglesmiths and black- smiths who normally require two or more helpers in connection with their work. Laborers and backhandlers are not to be considered helpers under this deſinition. * In view of the fact that sufficient number of ship carpenters should now have been trained to meet the needs of the wooden-ship yards, the three months’ probationary rate established for house carpenters em- ployed in shipbuilding is withdrawn. S9811—22—21 322 S.H.I.PBUILDING TABOR ADJUSTMENT BOATD AWARDS. Ruling, Nov. 9, 1918, p. 327. Rate per hour. ChipperS and Calker's $0.80 Chippers and grinders (foundry) . 58 Conductors, locomotive . 6S CopperSmiths . 86 CopperSmiths’ helperS . 58 Counters (piecework) t . 68 CounterSinkel'S . 64 Cupola tenders (melters) . 80 Drillers, pneumatic . 68 Drillers (drill press operators) . 64 Electric Welders . 82 Electrical WOrkers . 80 Electrical workers’ helpers . 58 Iöngineers, locomotive . T2 Engineers in power house (steam and electric) ---_______ . 80 Erect Ol:S . 58 Erectors’ leaders * . 68 Fil'ennen . 58 Tiremen, locomotive . 52 Flange turners . 86 I'lange turners’ helpers . 64 Torgers, drop . S0 Forgers’, drop, helpers . 58 Forgers, hammer and machine, heavy " 1. 48 Forgers', halmmer and machine, heavy, helpers____________ . 64 Forgers, liner . 64 Forgers', liner, helpers . 58 Foundry carpenters . 68 Furnace men on shapes and plates . 90 Furnace men's On Shapes and plates helpers____________ . 64 Hammer runners, heavy . 64 Eſammer runnerS, Other . 58 Heat, frost, and asbestos workers . 80 Eſeat, frost, and asbestos workers’ helpers . 5S Eſeaters in forge Shop . 76 EſeaterS in angle WOrk . 68 Heaters (rivet) . 56 HolderS-On . 64 Hook tenders (Cranemen, crane riggers) . 62 Hook tenders’ leaders" . 72 Hosemen . 70 Joiners, ship . S6 Laborers . 52 Layers out," 5 cents in addition to journeyman's hourly rate. LOftSmen . 90 Machine helpers (flange) . 58 Machinists . 80 Machinists, Specialists . 62 Machinists' helpers . 5S Mangle rollers . 66 Metal polishers and buffers (finishers) . 80 Molders . 80 Molders’ helpers —- . 58 Oilers . 62 Operators of aerial hoists, single and double cableways, hoisting donkeys and Winches, hoisting cranes and der- ricks, carrying capacity Over 3 tons . SO Operators of nonhoisting donkeys and winches . 70 Painters . 74 * Leaders work along with the gangs they direct and are not to be confused with “ leading men.” * Forgers, hammer, and machine, heavy, are men who normally work billets 6 inches in diameter and up and use a furnace for heating. Men doing drop forging work are not to come within this classification. * Leaders work along with the gangs they direct aind are not to be confused with “leading men.” * Layers-out are men who lay out work direct from the blue prints. PACIFIC COAST. 323 Rate per hour. Painters, bitumastic $0.86 Passer boys (rivet) * . 36 Pattern makers -—r- .94 Pipe fitters . 80 Pipe fitters' helpers g . 58 Planel’men . 64 Plate hangers (regulators) . 74 Plate hangers’ helpers . 58 Plumbers * . 80 IPlumbers' helpers . 58 PreSSImen . 80 Punch and Shear men , 68 Reannel'S . 68 Red leaders . 60 Riggers, loft and ship . 74 Riveters - - - - . 80 Rivet testers y . 86 Sawyers (iron) . 58 SCarſei's * " .. 68 Sheet-lmetal workers . 86 Sheet metal workers’ helpers . 58 Ship fitters * . S0 Ship-fitters’ helpers . 58 Slab furnace men . 86 Slab furnace men's helpers . 64 Stage builders . 66 Steam fitters . 80 Steam fitters’ helpers * * * . 58 Storeroom clerks . 58 Strikers . 64 SWitchmen, 10COmotive . 66 Tank testerS . 86 Timekeepers . 5S Water tendel'S . 62 Wage Scale for employees in wooden-ship yards not included above. Beetlers (first 30 days) $0.62 Beetlers (after 30 days) \. 68 wooden-ship Bevel turners . 62 yards. Boat builders † . 86 Calkers f .94 Calkers’ helpers.” . 58 Ceilers and plankers (clamp hangers) . 68 Cut-Off saw operators . 62 Fasteners” . 6S General helpers 3. . 58 Millmen te . 86 Oakum spinner (first 30 days) . 56 Oakum spinners (after 30 days) . 62 Ship carpenters (shipwrights) . 86 Ship carpenters' helpers . 5S Ship joiners * . 86 Stage builders __ . 66 Tree-nail machine Operators . 62 Woodworking machine (small) operators . 62 *To increase 50 cents per day at end of each three months during period of 18 months. 9 Fasteners embrace pneumatic and electrically-driven tool operators and bolt StickerS. 324 SHIPBTUILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. SHOP COMMITTEES. November 1, 1918. Statement in Reference to Shop Committees. In interpretation of Section IV of the decision of October 24 and to clear up certain ambiguities in the phrasing this supplementary statement for the guidance of joint shop committees is issued: (1) The joint shop committee is to be guided in its work by the knowledge that it is acting in the interest of the Government and that it is, next to the examiner, the principal medium for the adjustment of all grievances presented by either the men or the company. It should deal with grievances as a judicial body and is to do its utmost to effect a settlement in accordance with the pro- visions of the award without recourse to the examiner, who is to be called in only as a last resort. It is under- stood that it is to approach all questions in dispute in a nonpartisan manner and give the Government the benefit of its fair-minded judgment. It is to render decisions that will be considered fair and impartial. (2) The executive committee is intended to assist the joint shop committee in the transaction of its business, but may be dispensed with if in the judgment of the examiner and the joint shop committee it serves no useful purpose. (3) Where joint shop committees are established and operate under the guidance and Supervision of the ex- aminer a craft committee should not call in an outside representative until after the joint shop committee fails to effect a satisfactory Settlement. (4) The examiner must see to it that grievances re- ferred to the joint shop committee are promptly and effi- ciently dealt with. He is therefore authorized to ap- prove any reasonable plan by which the joint shop Com- mittee may meet under proper conditions and at regular intervals. * (5) The joint shop committee should impress upon the men their obligation to the Government to make their maximum contribution to the production of ships. Any failure on their part to work on Saturday afternoons or the prescribed number of hours on other days or to com- ply with other rules laid down by the Shipbuilding Labor Adjustment Board or by the district manager of the Fleet Corporation designed to secure maximum ship pro- duction must be condemned as evidence of an unwilling- ness on their part to play fair with the Government and carry out the implied obligation resulting from accept- ance of the benefits of the machinery created by the Government. SUPERVISORY, MANA® AND PROFESSIONAL November 2, 1918. Board to all Examiners. tº After careful consideration, the Shipbuilding Labor Adjustment Board has decided that, as in the past, it PACIFIC COAST. - 325 will not attempt to regulate the compensation of mem- bers of the supervisory, managerial, or professional force above the grade of quartermen, nor of the office or clerical employees who have not already been covered in the decision issued on October 24. * The reasons for this decision of the board are that the standardization of the compensation of these employees over the large areas—two covering the whole United States—which have not been united in districts for wage adjustment purposes, appears unwise, that the evidence at hand indicates that the compensation of these em- ployees has already been substantially increased, but in accordance with no regular or general plan, by the dif- ferent shipyards which makes standardization of rates at the present time extremely difficult, and finally, as regards the managerial force, the injection of an outside authority between the management and the individual affected is not advantageous from the point of view of plant efficiency. RATES (HIGHER) OF MEN HIRED PREVIOUS TO AWARD. November 2, 1918. Board to Examiner (Seattle). Section 14 means that rates of all individuals now higher than award shall be unaffected, but that men hired hereafter shall be at rate fixed in decision. RATES SET BY AGREEMENT BETWEEN EMPLOYERS AND EMPLOYEES. N ovember 2, 1918. Board to Examiner (Seattle and Portland). Board has just wired Association Northwestern Ship- builders and Metal Trade and Maritime counsels of Port- land explaining that provisions of decision, October 24, conflicting with agreement entered into with Portland employers and representatives of labor for duration of war do not apply to Columbia River district unless mutually agreed to by both sides. INSTALLATION.—JURISDICTION OF BOARD, November 3, 1918. Board to Examiners. Since board has only just assumed jurisdiction over sº; ; companies installing equipment on ships, decision for "" " " " them is effective from October 1 only. - In reply to your inquiry of the 27th, file L–1–2, we wish to say that this board received from Mr. Piez on October 22, a letter authorizing it to take jurisdiction of installation yards. The Fleet Corporation is paying the cost of direct labor in all installation contracts and those contracts contain a provision that the contractor will comply with all instructions as to wages and con- 326 SEIIIPBTUILDING LABOR, ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. ditions of employment of labor given by the Fleet Cor- poration. The taking of jurisdiction by this board in October was occasioned by disturbance of the labor Sup- ply in shipyards arising from unequal rates being paid for installation work. (This was ruled to be effective Oct. 1.) LAYERS Olºj"T_CRANE OPERATORS–RED LEADERS. November 4, 1918. Board to Examiner (San Francisco). Layers out.—In several departments it is customary to have an especially skilled mechanic responsible for hav- ing work laid out in conformity to the blue print. The other mechanics refer to him and are to some extent under his guidance. Wherever a group of men are work- ing under these conditions the man receiving the blue print and acting as sort of leader for the group is en- titled to the differential wage of $0.05 for layers out. It does not apply, of course, to men who merely mark off work from templates which is often a rather inferior class of work and never is of nature which calls for any extra compensation. If in your judgment the provision of this extra compensation is not warranted in any de- partment you should so rule in passing on questions of classification. Crane operators.-In reference to the new rate for crane operators the intention of the board was to pay uniform rate of $0.80 to all operators of cranes over 3 tons whether indoor or outdoor cranes. No rate was fixed for smaller cranes because information before us indi- cates that smaller cranes were usually operated by any one who happened along. If there is in shipyards in your district a distinct occupation of operator on ribbon cranes please recommend the rate of compensation which would seem to you in harmony with the 80-cent rate for the operators of heavier cranes, so that the board may have a full knowledge of the local situation. Red leaders.-The board feels that so far as the work is concerned it can perfectly well be done by semiskilled men. It did not wish, however, to require this where the custom is firmly established in local shipyards of em- ploying qualified painters for this work as for other painting work in the yard. RATES CHANGED–COPPERSMITHS. November 6, 1918. Circular Letter—Coppersmith Department. Heat, frost, and asbestos workers’ helpers, 58 cents. TO OPL OPERATORS’ HELPERS–GENERAL, HELPERS. November 9, 1918. Board to Examiner (McBride). Board authorizes tool operators helpers’ rate of 64 cents and extension of general helpers’ rate of 58 cents to steel yards. PACIFIC COAST. 327 DUPLICATORS–JANITORS. November 9, 1918. Board to Examiner (Portland). Rule that duplicators established July 13 holds except that rate for 90 days’ period should not be $6; janitor's rate 60 cents. º NEW RATES-GALVANIZERS, ETC. November 9, 1918. Board to Examiner (San Francisco). Authorizing following rates: Galvanizers ------------------------------- T. 80 Operators on cranes under 3 tons------------- . 80 Packers----------------------------------- . 80 Passers over 18 years of age, regular laborer’s wage. Rivet makers------------------------------ . 80 Rolls' helpers------------------------------ ‘. 58 GALVANIZERS AND PACKERS–CRANE OF ERATORS– PASSER BOYS, ETC. November 9, 1918. Board to Examiner (San Francisco). Replying wires. Board approves $0.80 rate for gal- Vanizers and packers and men operating cranes under 3 tons continuously. Authorized to limit passer-boy rate to boys under 18. Men over 18, if employed as passers, should receive laborer’s rate. Board disapproves Seven- day week for guards. Unless men at other work than moving implements or materials, as described your wire, they should receive laborer’s rating only. Approve $0.58 for rolls’ helpers, and $0.80 for rivet makers. NoTE.—Your wire November 18 correcting $0.80 rate for crane operator on cranes under 3-ton capacity; $0.70 is the correct rate. RETROACTIVE_OCTOBER 24, 1918 AWARD. November 13, 1918. Board to Examiners (San Francisco and Seattle). All rates, including those provided in the body of the decision, for leading men and quartermen, watchmen and draftsmen, as well as those in Exhibit A, are retroactive to August 1. You will understand, of course, that no one should receive retroactive pay as a leading man or quarterman to August 1 unless he were a leading man or quarterman from the beginning of the period in question. In yards that employed no one in the capacity of lead- ing man or quarterman until after the issue of our award there can be no valid claim for a leading man or quarter- man's rate retroactive to August 1. 328 SEIIPBUILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. NOTE.-On November 14 the examiner at San Fran- cisco notified the board that shipbuilders appeal retro- active feature of decision, which was August 1, as being a discrimination against Pacific coast yards. On Novem- ber 14 board wired examiner that board will not insist on payment retroactive pay in advance of a decision on ap- peal, but insists on payment of current wages in accord- ance with new scale. - - PIECE RATES. November 18, 1918. Board to Examiner (Seattle). asº. º. The piecework conference that we held here last week jah. 27, 1915, p. resulted in a decision by the board to grant a percentage 336. increase in piece rates rather than to undertake any fundamental revision of piecework scales at this time. The principal obstacle to this plan on the Pacific coast is the diversity of rates in actual operation. To remove this obstacle, we are writing Capt. Pillsbury as per the inclosed letter. It is quite likely that he may call upon you for assistance in connection with this task and we feel sure that you will help him in any way in your power. - - November 18, 1918. Board to Examiner (San Francisco). After the conference with reference to piece rates on the Pacific coast the board decided to grant a percentage increase on existing piece rates rather than to undertake a fundamental revision of the piece-rate scales. They asked Capt. Pillsbury to take the necessary steps to de- termine a basic scale for steel yards in San Francisco, Los Angeles, Seattle, and Portland by combining the prevail- ing scales So that the resulting scale shall be fair and reasonable for all yards. One uniform scale over exist- ing scales, the average of existing rates, should be taken where there are discrepancies rather than the highest or lowest rates. - The piecework conference that was just held brought out the diversity of piece rates now in effect in the Pacific coast steel yards. We have decided that as a first step toward a readjustment of piece rates it will be necessary to combine the rates now in effect in the different yards into a uniform scale that will be fairly applicable to all of the yards. In effecting such a combination the average rate should be taken where existing rates vary rather than the highest or lowest rate in operation in any yard. You have had so much experience in attempting to adjust piece rates that we are requesting you to undertake the task of combining existing rates into a uniform Scale. So Soon as you have decided on Such scale, thesboard will an- nounce a percentage increase to apply to all of the rates in the scale. As this increase is to be granted it must be impressed upon everyone who cooperates in determining PACIFIC COAST. the combined scale that it is to correspond to the rates now paid and not to the rates that might be expected to conform to the higher hourly rates established by the de- cision of October 24. - As an aid to the board in deciding what percentage of increase should be granted we will appreciate it if you will send us information in regard to the dates when the existing rates were made effective in the different yards in your district and in the North Pacific district, and how these new rates compared with the rates they superseded. FORGE REPAIRMEN, DOCKMEN, TOOL GRINDERS, JITNEY BUS, ETC. November 20, 1918. Board to Examiner (San Francisco). Replying wire board approves $0.70 rate for rivet- forge repairmen and $0.68 rate dockmen; $0.70 rate for tool grinders eastern yards believed applicable Pacific coast yards; $0.58 rate jitney-bus drivers approved, pro- viding this represents 20 per cent increase over rate pre- vailing last November less 10 per cent increase granted in December. Timekeepers' check attendance and hours all employees in yards. Rate amount applicable time clerks on clerical force. Await recommendation of rate appropriated for rivet counters, day workers. Store- room clerks give out material as requisitioned from store- room; same rate applicable tool room clerks. TEAMSTERS, CHAUFFEURs, AND HELPERS. November 21, 1918. Board to all Examiners. Our attention has been called to the fact that there are a number of teamsters, chauffeurs, and helpers employed in the shipyards in connection with shipbuilding opera- tions, and that an injustice may be done them in conse- quence of the failure of the board to prescribe rates for them. --- From the information the board has received we do not think it would be wise to attempt to standardize the wages of these employees. We therefore request you, if disputes arise with reference to the compensation of such employees in the yards of your district, to ascertain what compensation these men were receiving during the period covered by the previous decision and what rate would Correspond to a 15 per cent increase above that compen- Sation. A recommendation from you for a fair rate corresponding to this 15 per cent increase will receive the favorable consideration of the board. FORTY-FOUR-HOUR WEEK. November 22, 1918. Board to Examiner (San Francisco). With reference to boilermakers insisting on 44-hour Week, being paid off Saturday morning, at Los Angeles, 330 SEIIRB UILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. board is unwilling to modify decision continuing same rule reference Saturday afternoon holidays, as was adopted by agreement for San Francisco last January. RATES.–EXCESS OF SCALE. November 23, 1918. Board to Examiner (Seattle). In further explanation of the telegram sent you from Philadelphia last night, of which I inclose carbon, I write to tell you that it was the result of a conference we held with representatives of the Fleet Corporation. When we had before us in tabulated form the informa- tion which you have been collecting for Dr. Marshall in regard to the wages actually paid employees in the ship- yards and in allied trades in Seattle, we realized that the situation was much more serious than we had appreciated. In the light of this information to order the shipyards to pay no more than the rates fixed would be to require on their part a wholesale cutting of wages. This the board does not consider advisable. The purpose for which this board was created, as you know, was twofold. On the one hand, to insure that fair and reasonable wages and working conditions should be enjoyed by employees in shipyards engaged on shipbuild- ing and ship repairing for the Navy Department or the Emergency Fleet Corporation; on the other, to see to it that the interest of these departments of the Govern- ment were adequately protected. While the war was still in progress the primary interest of the Government was production of ships in maximum number and with maxi- mum speed.” The crisis has now passed, and while the Government still requires ships and desires to See existing contracts carried out, economy is now more important than Speed. Seattle is the only district in which the wage rates of any considerable proportion of employees have advanced independently of the decisions of this board. It would be idle to review the circumstances that have brought this about, but from the point of view of the Government, a large share of the responsibility rests with the shipyard owners, since no reasonable person can find fault with the employees for desiring to secure as high remuneration as the situation permitted. As a board, we desire to promote the interest of employees in every way that is compatible with the interest of the Government. The interests of the Government are served if the cost of ships is not permit- ted to rise to unreasonable levels. The interests of the men are served if we render proper decisions and See that the yard owners pay not less than the wages which we determine. The present wage situation in Seattle has developed in the face of the general order issued by the Fleet Corpora- tion to the effect that it would reimburse shipyard owners PACIFIC COAST. 331 only on the basis of the wages fixed in our decision. Since in the face of this general order shipyard owners in Seattle have agreed to pay wages materially higher than those that we have fixed, it must be assumed that there was a sufficient margin of profit in their contracts to per- mit them to do so. Under all the circumstances the board has decided to make no further attempt to bring the wages actually paid by the shipyards in Seattle into conformity with the wages it has fixed except to insist that no employee be paid less than the wage fixed. On its side the Emer- gency Fleet Corporation has decided to stand firm in its determination to make the wage rates we have fixed the basis for determining the reimbursement to which the shipyard owner is entitled as in accordance with the orders which it has repeatedly issued. We felt that this fuller explanation for your confiden- tial guidance was due you since the change in policy in- dicated by our telegram last night must have seemed to you puzzling. We hope that the appeal board which will probably begin its work next week will decide promptly on the question in connection with our recent decision that has been referred to it so that there may be a perfectly definite understanding as to the decision itself and as to the principles that are to guide our examiners in their work under the new conditions that have resulted from the signing of the armistice and the increasing evidence that this means the end of the war. PUNCHERS AND SHEARERS’ HELPERS. November 25, 1918. Board to Examiner (San Francisco). Authorizing 58-cent rate for punchers’ and shearers’ helpers. JOINT WORKING AGREEMENTS. November 25, 1918. Board to Examiner (Seattle). Section VI not intended for Seattle yards working under joint agreements with their employees. STEEL BENDERS AND FITTERS, ETC. (CONCRETE YARDS). es November 26, 1918. Board to Examiner (San Francisco). Have just wired Pacific Marine Construction Co., “Board authorizes payment prevailing local rates by you as follows: Steel benders and fitters, 82% cents; cement finishers and form carpenters, 80 cents; concrete workers and water laborers, 58 cents; same effective from Octo- ber 1 and Subject to revision after six months.” 332 SHIPBUILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. RIVET COUNTERS. December 4, 1918. Board to Examiner (San Francisco). Board approves 68-cent rate for rivet counters. NIGHT SHIFT OVERTIME ELECTION DAY. December 4, 1918. Board to Examiners. In Some districts employees on the night shift have made claim for payment of overtime for all work in ex- cess of four hours on election day. These claims have been disapproved by the board, as the reason for making election day a half holiday does not apply to work on the night shift. In designating election day as a half holiday the board intended merely to safeguard the workmen in the enjoy- ment of the privilege of performing the civic duty of vot- ing, whereas the other holidays mentioned in the award were designated to commemorate events of national im- portance, and it was the intention to safeguard the privi- lege of every workman to celebrate those days. Inasmuch as the night workers’ privilege of voting is not jeopardized by working his regular hours, there is no reason why employers should be penalized with overtime charges for working the night shift the usual number of hours on the night of election day. GUARDS—PAID ON DAgºgously, AND WEEKLY B ſº December 4, 1918. Board to Fleet Corporation. Question having been raised as to the method that should be employed in calculating the retroactive pay of guards, watchmen, and Sergeants, the board has decided as follows: (1) Where guards, watchmen, and Sergeants were previously paid on an hourly basis, their retroactive pay is to be determined by multiplying the difference between their former hourly rate and the new hourly rate by the number of hours they were employed. (2) Where the old method of payment was by the day, the retroactive pay is to be determined by multiplying the difference between the new daily compensation, ascer- tained by multiplying the hourly rate by eight, and the old daily compensation by number of days employed. (3) Where the old basis of compensation was a weekly rate the retroactive pay is to be determined by multiply- ing the difference between the new weekly compensation, ascertained by multiplying the hourly rate by 48, and the old weekly compensation by the number of weeks they were employed. PACIFIC COAST. 333 McGUIRE AGREEMENT—RETROACTIVE PAY, ETC. December 5, 1918. Board to Examiner (San Francisco). Your letter of the 27th is received. In view of the fact that those questions were raised in your telegram and replied to at length in our telegraphic reply of the 29th, we assume that the matter has been cleared up. The retroactive pay in question should be based on the minus the 10 per cent already granted. As to the future, unless the representatives of the union are Willing to . enter into an agreement as to learners’ rates, we doubt the wisdom of insisting upon the con- tinuance of the McGuire agreement unless there threatens to be a shortage of skilled workers in your district, and it is our understanding that present indications point to the contrary. NoTE.—On November 27, 1918, Examiner Brotherton had written the board as follows: “* * * how this McGuire agreement can be applied to the new award as the board has stated their approval of it in Section XXII. “You will note that the McGuire agreement calls for stated wages and advances in definite amounts based on the old wage scale. For instance, the rate for drillers or holders-on was $4.62. Section 2 of the McGuire agreement provides that when drillers or holders-on are advanced to riveters they shall receive $5 per day, and at the expiration of six months shall receive the minimum rate of $5.80. Under the new award a driller receives $5.44 per day and a holder-on $5.12, consequently the pro- visions of the McGuire agreement could not be applied. It might be contended that the same amount of advance should take place based on the new wage scale, but the board wishes to make a definite ruling to that effect. “I have been notified to-day by officials of Boiler Makers’ Local No. 6 that they believe the occasion and necessity for those improvers’ agreements entered into last February has now passed, and that they feel that they would be justified in considering that the new award of the board superseded this agreement. The matter is complicated, however, for the board officially approves of the agreement in Section XXII of the new award, but the application of the approval seems to be rather impracticable. The men will claim that the Mc- Guire agreement expired with the expiration of the old Wage scale on August 1, and will claim retroactive pay to August 1 in accordance with the new scale. Such a claim will involve the payment of a great deal of money, and will have to be very judicially handled. See McGuire & tº a gree m ent, p. rates of the McGuire agreement increased by 20 per cent 33 9 8. 334 SEIIPBUILDING LABOR, ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. “If you will read the McGuire agreement carefully, and then try to apply each section to the new wage Scale, ou will see the difficulties of the question. If the board ad not approved of this McGuire agreement in Section XXII it would be a simple matter to consider it expired on August 1; but, if the board’s intention was to pro- long the life of that agreement, it would be necessary for you to state how it is to be applied in connection with the new wage scale, and with rates the men working as improvers are to receive retroactive to August 1. ‘Section XXII of new award approves McGuire agreement covering improvers. This seems to be im- practicable of application because McGuire agreement provides for specific advances from old rates. Please ad- vise me your suggestion how to apply this agreement to new wage scale, and how retroactive feature may be applied to the men who have been receiving pay on the basis of the McGuire agreement since August 1. Have been informed that men believe necessity for this im- provers’ scale has now passed, and will probably take attitude that it is canceled by new wage scale, but they will claim application of retroactive feature on some basis. Please advise me fully, as I will have demands from them in some form within a few days.” PREVAILING LOCAL RATES. T]ecember 7, 1918. Board to Examiner (San Francisco). Section 24 entitled construction workers to prevailing local rates, retroactive to August 1 if prevailing rate was not paid, which question examiner must determine. (This does not apply to concrete yards of which jurisdiction was not taken until October, 1918.) DRAFTSMEN AND COPYISTS. December 10, 1918. Board to Examiner (San Francisco). Board intends that draftsmen and copyists be paid straight time for holidays. SUPERVISORY FORCE—MANAGERIAL AND PROFESSIONAL. December 12, 1918. General Letter. After careful consideration, the Shipbuilding Labor Adjustment Board has decided that it would be imprac- ticable and undesirable to standardize the compensation paid to members of the Supervisory, managerial, and professional force above the grade of quartermen, and of office and clerical employees in shipyards not already covered by the decisions issued on October 24, because of the great diversity of conditions in different localities and districts. PACIFIC COAST. 335 The Emergency Fleet Corporation and Navy Depart- ment have been advised that this board will not attempt to standardize the compensation of these employees. To obtain authorization to make any changes in the com- pensation of such employees that will involve added charge to the Government you should take up the matter directly with the Emergency Fleet Corporation and the Navy Department. LABORERS–LOS ANGELES. December 16, 1918. Board to Examiner (San Francisco). Board can not approve over 52 cents for laborers, but if Los Angeles employs actual drillers’ helpers, will ap- prove 58 cents to them. (This ruling applies only to Los Angeles.) SHIP RIGGERS–YARD RIGGERS. December 17, 1918. Board to Examiner (Portland). Authorizing following rates as of October 24, 1918: Ship riggers $0.80 Yard riggerS & . 74 SHIP RIGGERS. December 17, 1918. Board to Examiner (Portland). | Acting on the recommendation of Assistant Examiner Jones, Columbia River district, of December 6, the board establishes the classification of ship riggers at the rate of 80 cents per hour. - This rate does not apply to yard riggers, for whom the º of 74 cents is provided in the board’s October 2, W2,I’Cl. OVERTIME_SATURDAY AFTERNOON. December 23, 1918. Board to Examiner (Seattle). Do not attempt to enforce 48-hour week, but do not allow overtime for work Saturday afternoon. PIECE RATES. December 28, 1918. Board to Examiner (San Francisco). Most important that men, through conferences with , you and shipyard owners, realize difficulties involved in jã obtaining uniform rates. Also difficulty of arranging” retroactive pay, except by adopting some arbitrary flat amount for retroactive purposes. You should submit rates agreed upon by San Francisco builders to repre- Sentatives of men. Time will be saved if representatives of McBride's office, builders, and men, Seattle and Port- land, attend same conference. Jan. 0, 1919, p. 336; n. 24, 1919, p. 336 , SHIPBTUILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. Ruling, Jan. 24, 1919, p. 336. At conference here, November 11, representatives of men for Pacific coast attending, were told they would be consulted in preparing uniform piece rates for coast. As stated in former telegram, uniform rate to be pre- pared, Subjects to represent present conditions, and to Suggest uniform schedule. The board will add a flat increase, so that Pacific coast scale will have same rela- tion to that on Great Lakes and Atlantic coast. PNEUMATIC-TOOL REPAIRMEN. January 3, 1919. Board to Examiners. Authorizing rate of 70 cents an hour to pneumatic tool repairmen classified as hosemen. PIECE RATES. January 10, 1919. Board to Examiner (San Francisco). In a telegram to Brotherton board holds that they can not adopt a scale of piece rates, but suggest that they hold a conference at which the men will be present. AWARDS—LIMITATION OF RIGHTS UNDER. January 16, 1919. Board to Examiners. The board rules.that employees lose their rights under any award unless their claims are presented during the life of the respective award (six months). |PIECE RATES. January 24, 1919. Board to Examiner (San Francisco). If you and Pillsbury are convinced further delay im- possible you are authorized to increase piece rates 10 per cent, as suggested your telegram 23d. You must realize rates that are fixed will probably be minimum agreed upon in any future conference and will also be basis for retroactive payments. Must leave responsibility to you and Pillsbury, as board too far away with too. little information. Trust you realize gravity of situation. DRAFTSMEN. January 27, 1919. Board to Examiners. The board rules that if in the judgment of the yard a man's past experience clearly qualifies him for the maxi- mum rates of grade A draftsman, he may be so rated at the time of employment without waiting for the periodic advances prescribed in the award. INSTALLATION PLANTS-RETROACTIVE PAY. January 31, 1919. Board to Main Iron Works (San Francisco). Board did not have jurisdiction installation plants prior October 1, therefore does not authorize retroactive pay before that date. PACIFIC COAST. 337 CARPENTERS WORKING IN PLACE OF CALKERS DURING STRIKE. February 21, 1919. Board to Fleet Corporation. In view of the extraordinary conditions obtaining in the Puget Sound territory, the board rules that car- penters who assisted the Emergency Fleet Corporation and the Government by taking the places of the calkers who went on strike in violation of their agreement with the Government, should be given the rate of $8.50 per day, which the calkers were getting under the agree- ment with the management at the time they went on strike, and this in spite of the fact that the rate under which the calkers were working had not been approved by the board. However, the board does not, by this authorization for payment to the carpenters, authorize any change in the rate for calkers except as applied to the particular carpenters in question who are doing the work of calkers. Any protection against a reduction of wages which the calkers who went on strike may have had under Section XIV of the award was forfeited by going on strike, and this authorization of payment to the carpenters who took their places does not restore the striking calkers to the protection of Section XIV. If the said calkers return to work under the award, they will do so at the rate of 80 cents per hour fixed in the award. APPEAL FROM EXAMINERS’ RULINGS. February 20, 1919. General Letter. In order to bring the business of the Shipbuilding Labor Adjustment Board to an expeditious conclusion before the board goes out of existence on March 31, 1919, it is hereby ruled that appeals from decision of examiners may be taken not later than one week after the date when the examiners’ decisions are made. FORTY-FOUR HOUR WEEK–DRAFTSMEN. March 27, 1919. Board to Examiners. On Tuesday, March 25, 1919, a delegation representing the draftsmen of the shipyards appeared before the Ship- building Labor Adjustment Board to urge the necessity of preserving the custom of giving draftsmen Saturday afternoon, which custom appears to be of long standing in most of the shipyards of the country. The delegation recognizes that under the award of the Board a forty-four hour week will mean forty-four hours’ pay, but they feel that on account of the sedentary nature of their occupation and the mental concentration it re- quires a working week of more than forty-four hours will undermine the efficiency of the craft. 89811—22-—22 338 S.H.I.PBUILDING LABOR ADJUSTMENT BOARD AWARDS. Most of the shipyards of the country seem to have in- terpreted correctly the award of the Board in permitting them to continue the practice of a forty-four hour week for draftsmen. Some of the shipyards, however, seem to have proceeded on the theory that the establishment of a basic forty-eight hour week in the award of October 24 compelled them to work their draftsmen forty-eight hours. This, of course, is not the case. A yard which elects to work its draftsmen forty-four hours a week will not thereby in any way violate the award of the Board. Of course, draftsmen who do work eight hours on Saturday in shipyards in which the basic forty-eight hour week obtained can not claim the time and a half provision for overtime. The Board is of the opinion that the contention of the draftsmen as to the desirability of a forty-four hour week for the draftsmen is well founded, and it does not wish to leave any shipyard under the misapprehension that the award of October 24 compels them to work their draftsmen forty-eight hours. Obviously, this question will have come up only in shipyards in which the forty- four hour basic week is in force. McGUIRE AGREEMENT. Dated February 26, 1918. * This agreement is made by and between Mr. Taylor, Mr. Cotton, and Mr. Gunn, parties of the first part, and Lodge 6 of the boiler makers, parties of the second part. SECTION 1. All helpers advanced to drillers or holder ons shall receive an increase of 50 cents, and at the ex- piration of 90 days shall receive the minimum rate of $4.62. SEC. 2. All drillers or holder ons advanced to riveters, chippers, or calkers shall receive $5 per day, and at the expiration of 6 months shall receive the minimum rate of $5.80. SEC. 3. Punch and shear helpers advanced shall receive an increase of 50 cents, and at the expiration of 60 days shall receive the minimum rate of $4.95. SEC. 4. All ship fitters’ helpers shall receive the mini- mum rate of $3.96. SEC. 5. All plate hangers, helpers, and hook tenders shall receive $4 per day for 30 days. Then they shall receive the minimum rate of $4.30. Any helper advanced to plate hanger shall receive an increase of 50 cents, and at the expiration of 90 days shall receive the minimum rate of $5.50. IN DE X. PART I.—COMPILER’s EXPLANATORY COMMENTs. Agreement Work. (See Allowance and agreement.) Advertising for labor AllOWance and agreement work Auxiliary plants Bonus, war : -y ** Bonus System, contract plan Bonuses, training BOycotting of “unfair material '' Business agents, admission to shipyards Clearance cards • Closed shop. (See Open and closed shop.) Concrete shipyards Contract plan, bonus system * Daily transportation Direct and indirect labor Dirty Work and repair work Discharges ––––––– DraftSlmen, no jurisdiction in board Eight-hour day Eight-hour law Employment managers Examiners, duties of Foreman, no jurisdiction Guards, Sergeants, and Watchmen Handbook Of Occupations Holidays Hospital and medical fee deductions from wages Identification cards Installation yards Intermediate rates_ Jurisdiction of Shipbuilding Labor Adjustment Board OVer Clerical force Over draftSmen Over foremen Over salaried employees OVer SubCOIntractOl'S Labor, advertising for Leading men and quartermen Learners Medical fee, deductions from wages Memorandum creating board Night shift Occupations—handbook of & - Open and closed shop Outside shops, also called auxiliary Overtime, repair work limitation Of reimbul:Sement for Paying oſſ men Piece rates wº retroactive pay for Plant Construction Private construction Quartermen, leading men Recruited labor, transportation to job Repair work and dirty work Retroactive pay____ Salaried employees Sanitary provisions Saturday afternoon off--- Scamping-- Sergeants. (See Guards, sergeants, and watchmen.) 339 I’age. 15 55 340 INDEX. Shipbuilding Labor Adjustment Board— Page. creation and purpose of | 7 jurisdiction of * 11. members Of 7 memorandum Creating * 7 Stealing labor. (See Scamping.) Subcontractors, jurisdiction of board 38 Training bonuses 15 Transportation, daily 18 to the job of recruited labor 56 “ Unfair '' material, boycotting Of 14 United States Employment Service 13 Wal’ bonus 56 Watchmen. (See Guards, Sergeants, and.) Wood shipyards 57 PART II.-BASIC DECISIONS—AMENDMENTS CITED. (Aug. 1, 1917, to Oct. 1, 1918.) North Pºe N Balti- South —–s Atlantic iver | Newport | Imore— OUl g and and ||News and Savannahl Allantic º §: EHudson | Balti- vicinity. (wood and Gulf. & 8, KCS. River. IIl OTC. yards). Agreement and allowance Work (see Piece rates). Page. Page Page Page. Page. Page. l'aqe. Apprentices-------------------- 66 ----------|---------- 142 150 177,173 l Basis of decision---------------- 62 82 ----------|---------- 148 166 194 Black book piece rates (see also Piece rates)------------------- 76 116 ----------i----------|-------------------- 197 Classification and rates estab- lished.------------------------ 68 87 133 144 151 170 206 Contract system (bonus or pre- mium)-------------- : -; --.5 -,--|- - - - - - - - - - 84 i----------|----------|----------|----------|---------. Decisions (basic) of Shipbuild- ing Labor Adjustment Board: pe Nov. 4, 1917. ---------------|----------|----------|----------|----------|- - - - - - - - - - 165 ---------- Feb. 14, 1918-- - - - -----------|---------- 80 ----------|----------|----------|----------|---------- Mar. 4, 1918-----------------|----------|----------|---------- 141 147 ----------|---------- Mar. 7, 1918-----------------|----------|---------- 131 ----------|----------|----------|---------- Apr. 6, 1918----------------- 61 ----------|----------|----------|----------|----------|---------- Apr. 19, 1918--------------!--|----------|- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 193 Dirty work (see also Repair Work). -----------------------|---------- 101 133 ----------|---------- # * * * * * * * * * * Eight-hour day----------------- 65 84 132 141 || 148 | #. 195 Extra shifts. ------------------- 64 84 132 142 149 171,6 196 Foremen, quartermen, and lead- ingmen----------------------- 75 127 ----------|---------- 161 |- - - - - - 171 222 Grievances. . . . . . . ... • - - - - - - - - - - - - 65 |----------|---------- 142 149 | 172 || – 196 176 171 Holidays----------------------- 64 84 132 141 149 # 195 Hourly rates (see also Wooden * yards)------------------------ 66 86 132 143 150 # 197 Hours of employment. - - - - - - - - - 64 84 132 141 148 | #: 195 Leadingmen and quartermen... 72 ----------|----------|---------- 161 ---------. 222 Minimum rates--- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 66 86 133 143 150 170 198 Medical aid... ------------------- 66 -------------------- 143 150 | 176, 173 197 Night-shift bonus. --- - - - - - - - - - - - 65 84 132 142 149 "Hºl 195 9 Overtime.---------------------- 71 84 132 141–2 149 # * 195 8 Piece rates.--------------------- 66 | 85–6,102 132 ---------- 160 l- - - - - - - - - - 197 Rates not covered not to be cut. 66 86 133 143 150 - - - - - - - - - - 198 Repair work-------------------- 65,71 86, 101 133 142 149 |- - - - - - - - - - 195 Retroactive provisions.......... 64 82,3,86 132 ---------- 148 168 194 Sanitary facilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 ----------|---------- iš' 150 |---------- 197 Shipyards covered. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 80 |, 131 |---------- 146 193 Shop committees. --- - - - - - - - - - - - 65 ----------|---------- 142 149 |172,6,192 196 Transportation, daily-----------|---------- 83 |----------|---------- 148 ----------|---------- Trial trips---------------------- 79 130 ----------|---------- 163 190 224 Union and nonunion men. . . . . . 66 87 133 T 142 150 |- - - - - - - - - - 197 War bonus---------------------|----------|----------|----------|----------|---------- 175 I---------- Weekly pay—company’s time. . 66 ----------|---------- 143 150 |----------|---------- Wooden shipyards, rates. . . . . . . 70 ----------|---------- 141 160 171 201 Working conditions. . . . . . . . . . . . 66 84 132 141 150 166 195 Working agreements.-----------|----------|----------|----------|----------|---------- 169,184 |.......... INDEX. 341 PART III.-BASIC DECISIONS-AMENDMENTS CITED. (Oct. 1, 1918, to Mar. 31, 1919.) *s. * COaSt, e Gulf, and º Great & Lakes. Agreement, allowance work (see Piece rates). * Page. Page Application of decision-------------------------------------------------------------- 249 Apprentices (see also Training)----------------------------------------------------- 248 |... ------- Assessment for insurance.......- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 242 3 Basis of decisions------------------------------------------------------------------- 220,237 220,309 Beginners------------------ * - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 248 3 IBlack book (see Piece rates). Bonus and premium---------------------------------------------------------------- 243 315 Classifications and rates established.---------------.................................. 242, % 315,321 6 Contract System, bonus or premium------------------------------------------------. 243 315 Cuts in Wages prohibited.-----------------------------------------------------• * * * * * * * 243 315 Decisions (basic) of Shipbuilding Labor Adjustment Board—amendments cited: Oct. 24, 1918-------------------------------------------------------------------- 236 309 Dirty work (see Repair work). I)iscrimination (see Union or nonunion men). Draftsmen and copyists------------------------------------------------------------- 243 316 IForemen (see Leadingmen and quartermen). Future increases-------------------------------------------------------------------- 239 312 Grievances (see Shop committees). Guards, Watchmen, and Sergeants--------------------------------------------------- 246 319 Holidays---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 248 320 Hours of Work---------------------------------------------------------------------- 248 320 Eſourly rates (see Classification and rates). Identification cards----------------------------------------------------------------- 242 314 Instructors, compensation of-------------------------------------------------------- 246 |. --------- Insurance assessments-------------------------------------------------------------- 314 Intermediate rates prohibited.------------------------------------------------------- 247 319 Leadingmen and quartermen------------------------------------------------------- 245 317 Learners---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 248 319 Medical aid. ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 242 315 Night Shift-------------------------------------------------------------------------- 248 320 Overtime (See also Repair Work)------------------.................................. 248 320 Payment to employees leaving------------------------------------------------------ 242 314 Pay period-------------------------------------------------------------------------- 242 314 Piece rates-------------------------------------------------------------------------- 243,268, 315 --- 376.3 Premium, bonus, or contract System................................................ 315 Quartermen (see Leadingmen and quartermen). Rates and classifications------------------------------------------------------------ 242,267 315,321 excess of scale.------------------------------------------------------------------|---------- 330 other than those Specified.------------------------------------------------------ 247 319 Repair Work------------------------------------------------------------------------ 258 |...... ---- Retroactive PEQVisions-------------------------------------------------------------- 249 320 Sanitary facilities------------------------------------------------------------------- 242 315 Shop Committees-------------------------------------------------------------------- 241 313 Training men, method of.----------------------------------------------------------- 247 319 Transportation of employees--------------------------...-------------.............. 240 313 Union or nonunion men------------------------------------------------------------. 241 314 Watchmen (see Guards, Watchmen, and). Weekly pay on company’s time------------------------------------------...-------- 242 314 Working hours---------------------------------------------------------------------- 248 320 Wooden Shipyards, rates------------------------------------------------------------ 253 323 III ）) Q LII H- <Ć Q ||||||||||| 5 02022 4500 șº ±E， ，-r ≡ çº-ººr g-aerºra º șae ;č*-* （ < 'Pºšº ſae *.x r ; , , ººgſ，·ſº «¿, ſº， sae eº º， aerºº ººººº，，, - º *** ... * * * * · * *， º* ºrº-·|- -'. × × ×* * *, ， ， ， ， ， * 9. &&&&&&& ¿¿.| ， ، ، ، ،-|-¿±√≠√°√∞ ģsae · · * * * · * * * § 4 · · * *■ s … . ≤ ≥ ± − × $ ！…-- º.：Jz ！ |-•ſº zº,·：： →：：|-- ：-, , , , .----- ' . '~， ' . ·：• ！ … * * } •;. & ………. • • Asr （, ） eza： ：≡* * ≡ + × ≤ 1