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ATX Nº.J.Q. * * & sº Sºlº W - ſ Nº. l ||||||||| №， ±（√∞ √ | { . | Hill į Ë # #: ſ- } # șřiſiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiĪ#######ŅĒRĪĪĪĪĪĪĪĪĪĪĪĪĪĪĪĪĪĪĪĪĪĪĪĪĪĪĪĪĪĪſ “, * ſº ºf • -S, 4. - ºº:::::::::::::::::: - - - - - - - - \ * - . º Wº: - - § - - - - *. - - - - f . • , -, - - s & º §§§º sº §§ §§º: º º §º º ºś tºº. :::::::::: ſº tº *** * * : sº flºº º §º $$ Pº §§ ‘ao IIdo o XII NI Iq iy Noilv N º º: º: # º: Fººtº: º sº- º º º tº: º º º -- * ** º sº sº & 3 º, N : ºrº Fº § $º $º ºzºº § 2. sº § i º º : # º : ; º: Šºš: º sº sº : gº. - • - - . . . - tºº::::::::: º º gºi §§ sº º § it. º # ** Ex # º ºº: º º ºf sº ºirº *::::::::::::: }º º: tº: v º sº ººººw . - s §: s . . . . . . . . . * . . . . ~ . . . . . . . . ºf:#; . - . . . . . - - * º & sº º - - . - Bºº sº º ::::::::::::::::$º & ºf.º. º sº §§ º: sº Bºº sº sº º: $º tºº & º j º º :::::::::::::::::::::::: ºº::::::::::::::: §§ º: * ºfºº #ſº sº Fº 3ºl. º * ºs º ºsººks bºrº º: tº: ºº:: r Fº º º ... ºr sº cº-ºº: . ; : . . .º.º.º. - , * . Hºº -- - §§§§ - - - - . . - . . , ºs º-º-º: sº . - - * . . - . . . . . . . . - & ... - º: : § sº º § º ºº: ºf ºrº is º: tºº Fº §: *** * Fººt º § sº Sº §: Kºss. #: §::::::::::::: §: º: º ºººº. º § Kºº. º ? & & º §§: º:*ś §: &º º: fºr ſº. º § § *: P ºr gº ? º º § º: ...Sººº. º.º.º.º. tº wº º ºgºs * .. . . *:::::::::: * * &r C-sº º ſ - & º º ºf ºs gºlº ſº º sº • - - $. - º ; ; ; ; . Nawliviaci sãaoA 3 * : * ſº. sº a º º sº tº sº tº gº gº. 3 s : *s ºr . F --> ºº: issºr, º 3. ..º. ºf ºx tº º, - ar sº sº º tºº. º 3 ºr º º: i #: : i * i ºt. WO RIKS IDE PA. RTIMIENT. NILE RESERVO IRS. APPEND I C E S. CAIRO : NATIONAL PRINTING OFFICE, 1892. APPENDIX A. Summer Irrigation in 1889 and 1890. During 1889, not only was every drop of water which pºel Cairo during the 60 critical days of the summer utilised, but earthen banks were thrown across the two branches of the Nile at Damietta and Rosetta to store the water which filtered into the beds of the Nile branches. Every large tank or depression full of water was pumped dry to provide irrigation for crops, worth L.E. 10 per acre, if pulled through the drought. The rice fields were irrigated direct from the canals, and the water which escaped from the rice was carefully led to pumping engines and used for the irrigation of cotton. Irrigated crops yielded from L.E. 8 to L.E. 15 per acre, while the unirrigated crops barely gave L.E., 3 per acre, though the cost of cultivation was nearly L.E. 2. In 1890, though the Barrages were repaired and the canal system remodelled, there was not enough of water in the Nile to fill the canals, and instead of , there being a contemplated depth of 4 metres, there was barely 3 metres. The Government warned all agriculturists through the pages of the “Official Journal’’ against Sowing rice anywhere, even on the tax paying lands, as there was only enough of water for the tax paying crops. The supply in the canals was barely sufficient for the latter crop. The rice was generally allowed to dry up and wither away. If this was being done on the highly taxed lands, what were they doing on the lands under reclamation which were paying no taxes & Two years like 1889 and 1890, immediately following one another are capable of wrecking any land reclamation scheme. There may now be a succession of three or four good years, when fresh hopes will be raised, but the lean kine and the blasted ears will come round in their rotation and the years of plenty will be eaten up. I 43781 * - 4 -- * * APPENDIX B. . . The Nile Valley from Halfa to Assuán. . . . - . About 10 kilometres to the north of Semne, at an encampment called Sarras, is the frontier post of the Egyptian army and the most southerly point visited by the Reservoir survey party. A railway about 50 kilometres in length connects Sarras and Halfa. From Sarras to the Khor Mussa, about 6 kilome- tres south of Halfa, there is an outcrop of Diorite. The Hornblende, is generally in excess of the Felspar, and the Diorite has everywhere a very .* black appearance. There is an occasional outcrop of Syenitic Diorite, but this, latter stone is rare. South of Gemma (on the Sarras-Halfa railway) the river . has a comparatively clear channel open to navigation all the year round, while north of Gemma the river is a series of very severe rapids. The Diorite has a general fall westwards and disappears under the Nubian sandstone along a great part of the western bank; the river has been evidently working its way in a westerly direction and is engaged eating away the f sandstone. Rock of AbūSir *%les indic, {Z}, Icasing 3/107ent A d § --- SY}^{x_ e & .*.*.* → GQ2; 2 {2 %29: bº S' Jº of river Sº, ×3%a & %2% - 3. 7. *::::::::::::3%...*.*.*.*. Žº Wi/e in A.jOC d Q. Right Bank & %), S.): ; Diorite ſº CROSS - SECTION OF NILE WALLEY As seen from the rock of Abusir, the Nile has a mean appearance. The sandstone hills on the west are rounded off sandy knolls and featureless to a degree, while the Diorite on the east looks like heaps of broken up coal at countless pits' mouths. The river itself runs in deep narrow channels between black islands, covered here and there with a scanty vegetation. There are no trees. The Diorite in places is very inferior and is so finely laminated that . ; : * ; :- - .** . . . *r ...t. - : * * 3- withers very easily. Occasionally however the laminoe are coarse and * w compact and look like dark slates. Large blocks are rare. Specimens of all the ºdistinctive rocks met with between Sarras and Halfa have been collected and deposited in the museum attached to the school of Medecine, where they are º being examined by Professor Sickenberger. The positions in a vertical plane referred to mean sea, and in a horizontal plane referred to Assuan, of all the different strata of the sandstone at eight points between Halfa and Assuán, have been fixed. - The eight places are :— Abusir 362 (app.) kilometres from Assuán, measured along the Nile valley. Sahaba. . . . . . . . . . . .334 Abu Simbel....... 288 Near Korosko. . . . . 188 Syâla . . . . . . . . . . . . 132 Abkhör........... 67 Embarakab . . . . . . . 49 Shellăl . . . . . . . . . . . 4 There are also specimens of stone from various quarries. The Diorite and Syenite from Abkhôr; The Diorite, Syenite, Porphyry and Pegmatite from Kalabsbah; and the Syenite and Diorite from the Assuán Cataract, and Syenite from the Assuán quarries are also well represented in the collection. On his way down from Assuán to Cairo, M. Roux collected and fixed the position of specimens of limestone from the south of Gebel Silsila, sandstone from the Gebel Moussa (the most northerly point that sandstone is met with), limestone from near Isna, Kasr is Saād, Girga, Gebel Haridi, and Miniah. These have been added to the collection which Professor Sickenberger considers a perfect representation of all the distinctive rocks between Halfa and Cairo, and he hopes to write a monograph on the Geology of the Nile valley with their aid. A. The only granite met with between Halfa and Cairo is : — The Wadi Halfa Cataract. Abkhor (a slight outcrop) kilo: 67 from the Assuán Cataract, Kalabshah kilo: (49-53) from the Assuán Cataract. And from kilo: 30 South of the Assuân Cataract to Assuân itself, a distance of 35 kilometres. * Wherever a reservoir is made in the valley of the Nile, it will be water- tight, as the sand is not of any great depth, and the sandstone, granite, or Nile deposit is never far from the surface. The two books attached to this appendix, give the names, colours, reduced levels, and positions of all the stones collected by us. * r * * 6 — sº The Nubian sandstone is a silicious sandstone, sometimes white, but more often discoloured red by iron; it is occasionally yellow. The white omit rock . is invariably the best. The strata are always horizontal. By a reference to the index book of specimens, it will be seen that the layers of sandstone have frequently interspersed between them a syenitic marl of a violet colour, the decomposition of the felspar, of the syenite and diorites, which form the plutonic rocks of Nubia. These violet strata are more numerous and thicker towards Halfa and decrease gradually as one advances northwards. The stratum of sandstone immediately above the granite, is composed of very coarse pebbles as large as hens'eggs. The course above this is of very coarse sandstone which crumbles away when touched ; and as one advances upwards the strata become finer. There is a complete absence of fossils; possibly animals were unable to live in water so saturated with iron as that must have been in which these sandstone deposits took place. Occasionally strata are met with which contain traces of salt or lime, but these two materials are very scarce, indeed. * * * * - The violet coloured earthy strata crumble away very easily when exposed. in a vertical section, but where the stratum comes to the surface the uppér- most layers become covered with black blisters which increase in size, and form eventually round hollow black balls which cover the face of the desert. These are the infernal volcanic bombs which Sir Samuel Baker described as relics of volcanic action. There is also a stratum of red sandstone which on coming to the surface hardens into vitrified looking masses. Some of these bombs and stones are of the most fantastic shapes. I have deposited many specimens in the Museum. Some are like red tiles, some like vitrified bricks, others like petrified wood with hollow cores, or hollow cannon balls, or hollow fish. In whatever shape they are, they are hollow. Outside is a hard metallic substance, and inside is sand. They cannot have been caused by geysers, I think. It is the action of the sun through the long hot Nubian summer. One can see the blisters and blebs in every stage of formation, as one goes through the desert. - - 4, Wherever these metallic bombs and balls cover the hills, there is no flying sands and the deserts are clean ; the Nile valley is well cultivated and there is no fear from sand drifts. Where these metallic substances do not exist the sandstone hills are in full º decay, and the sand flying off the hills, fills up the valleys, and we have the ideal wilderness. The western bank of the Nile is buried under sand and cultivation is confined to the right bank. I made a few rough sketches of the different appearances of the desert, which will explain what I have been saying. º: "...º::=::=º - w - -- - º: - * . ... ------- == &T " ", , - ſºŽ Typical Granite - T-E-v- *:: *** * **Hºº º- --> Eº --- º T-tº- - º **=X spºº * - v. * -- * Yº. ~ . * • ; : - - “. A- w - • * , , - - . . . . . Typical decayed sandstone * ºr £º- *** *-s ºr - **."g ººgº ºms ºz º.º. º As º Sºº E- º º Fº - •- & & Gº-Tº Y º-º-º: R- * Nº. *Biºlº 2 - ºš sº º- E-º-º-º: 4% Eºº-ºº ºr . * ^. º:º #% >::::::::::::::::::::::::SSSSS - - ſº *º.º. g - ºº: *3% Ž *3% * º * * g º \ - - N) t w & \ * ! - - ºkk gº w ſº. º ޺ * I } - ºº::33 ºf w * 7 §§§º - A - Rºwtº \ Y. * . - t * *. * r # †. º - *. º §§§ * $º sº º #ººp - º d 4 * - ºšº Fºº { º Af % º | - sº ºn (A,i ..." . º *** *N ** * sºlº .. * ". . . . W. | t y --_------------------------- §§§º / -- - - = ~ $ºft#iſiº *-*-*- * §ºntº; ### tiº | * -- §§§ ºr sºrº 4. Sãºilºſſ ºft#. .* **ś - # ºść sº º: º º: # t §º º º Caſ ſºli - - §§ ºilº - t * x - º * §§§ * w §J §§§ jºr * %In * %;i wº $44.7 | - Sº ºº: y . ... — — -- *S* * §4//ſ) .'s "Tº - - * * - - - -SS-. ºº:: º, tº §% - %: Šºš #4 - §º * §º º ºr . A 4. º §º * * ſº W. - º - º ğ l, º: % x - % .* * 2 A. * sº § A. r * ºa º - - * * 3. § * * * f - sº º - - º * w # . . * * *- \. - - *3. p f - 4. *...* - * \ - •, . . . . . . . - ... ". - - a' - * - • z .’ # #1; t ſº * Hºſſ - ". º ~. %) º tº/.3% § # * : ſ º w ºft||||}|\min\. - ºftºff Ž Wºº. - % ğ. | |_*, - tºº. -: *.* tº ** - ºf | f SS: - - §% § |% }º .. %; º §ſ | * . % º f :, §|| 4. % º **śl!' ºf Mºſſº §§ §% 5.º. ... •º - 5. Aſ ſº :/ % § % º, * - - t ~ % % § % * j- zºğ § %. %2.4% S-TN -*- - . . . . . § º "... sº - - - -- %" º º % % % ..'", % > % § : " ' . * ... * . . . . . . nº ºr 'º' º . º º # G--- % º * a zº Cl , 3." º t º (Quartz Diorite ) --~~\. A \-–2 * S `--" - , nº º # ~4tſ 8 —- ===ºss-s-s-E====<'sſ/º * - ~~Azºa - - --> s--——- Sº, $º ſº º "Ilº |#7 - ~s—s T ~~ Z24% . 2T “v__ T= * * *s- sº: sº- >- T-- $ºškº ~3 sº - É.4% $ºn. 3% §ftºfºſſº ===== §º §ººl s−s ºfttºft =====# 2āºšº W. * º E--- - - º &A . º º . º -- f ; 4. º & § . % º º 4%; £ºś "...º.º.º. ſº % *Lºs R - . . .” § / % ºft. §§ ºšº tº fºr -> gº *3. º %j= —- =~~ºº... < * , Bºžº "ºf/ºzºs #pº. • *** - - - * * 32 - - ====~ ºv: szºº sº º-3 º: A *=#|º.; *; ". . . . . . . . . º aſº. sº s sºsº. f G - ... sº - - 'ss ~ %:… === - *-*. E º & ~..., - sº §º-ºº-º-º-º: -*- - 2.3% ,--~~~~ :Fººls; ſº-sº | - Sºº-ºº: º H º ºº: º º - --- - E---> ºfºrº fºr. e=º v. rº' - - - - ----------- ===s_ºº 2: - - - - - -- Possible site of Kalabsha Reservoir Barrage (Syenite & Diorite) * . . . ºf 㺠§§ 2- Possible site Assuán Reservoir Barrage (Diopite & Syenite * --ºs- ~~~~ - SS * SS §§ º ~ §§ - - S. \ §§§§§§§§- s • * §§§º : -— Rs4/ - º Nº. §§§ Yºs nº. " … § Nº & b > ; : sº *- sºs =- º Sºss -ºš- ~. Abkhor Granite (Diorite ) * - - -- - -- - - - A " .. Amºs - “r ºmmºn * g ..ºf -- ſ - - The report is also accompanied by two original paintings by Mr. Henry showing typical sandstone and typical granite. The belts of violet coloured earth are well represented in the former. '. In my book on Egyptian Irrigation I had stated, that I considered the great training spurs in the Nile between Halfa and Assuân, as put in for the sake of creating soil on the banks of the river, but now that I have seen them in º low water I have changed my mind, and feel confident that they were put in by the ancients for the purpose of training the river and insuring a deep chan- nel throughout the year. By this means the southern fortresses of Nubia were kept in water communication with Syene through the lowest summers. Descending the Nile from the second cataract, we find it flowing between sandy degraded hills past the Wady Halfa fort (kilometre 345 ") situated in a wide flat plain of Nile deposit. Here the river in winter and summer, forms numerous islands, and is inclined to leave the right bank on which Wady Halfa is situated. To improve the navigation and insure the presence of water under the walls of Halfa throughout the summer, some long low spurs should be put in on the left bank of the Nile beginning at the site of the ancient temple. At Sahāba hill (kilometre 334) on the right bank of the Nile some bold hills approach the river. From these hills geological specimens have been col- lected. The strata of violet clay are very extensive indeed. There is one fine stratum which contains traces of common salt. After Sahāba the sandstone hills on the right leave the Nile and there is an extensive deposit of shingle 12 kilometres in length and ‘/, a kilometre in width, dividing the cultivated plain of Deberra into two parts. - The shingle is doubtless ancient detritus from the Wady Halfa cataract. The left bank of the river continues low and mean and covered with sand drift. Here and there are evidences of ancient cultivation, but as the struggles of the inhabitants against the sand drifts, have been intermittent through cen- turies, while the action of nature has been unceasing, the cultivated land has dwindled to a minimum. The Faras island at kilometre 312 is covered with vegetation. The navi- gable channel here needs considerable improvement. The hills all along here are low and insignificant. At kilometre 304 and again at kilometre 300 the navigable ehannel is very shallow and winds from side to side of the river, with dangerous rocky islands which further complicate the navigation. (*) The kilometrage on the plan, to which all references are made, is reckoned from the head of the Assuán cataract, north of Philoe temple. — 8 — From kilometre 303 to kilometre 296 is an extensive sandy plain covered on the right bank with strange conical sand hills. At kilometre 296, the river impinges on some bold sandstone hills and sweeps round their bases. At kilometre 288, the same class of hills is met on the left bank and here stand the giant colossi of Rameses II and the magnificent temple of Abu Simbel. " Here a geological section of the sandstone was made. The rock here is better than what is generally met with and the strata of violet coloured earth are few in number. One of these belts of earth pass along the knees of the colossi, and they are considerably degraded there. Above the temple there are two broad belts of earth, which are decaying and leaving the layer of sandstone between them projecting forward in a dangerous Illall IlêI’. º g f One big fragment from this stratum of rock fell on the head of th 2nd colossus from the left and completely destroyed it, while the existence of the first colossus on the left is threatened by the fellow of the rock which fell before. By the falling of small fragments of rock the monkey cornice at the top of the temple has been well high destroyed, while the crowns of three standing colossi have been broken. The whole hill above the temple needs to be thoroughly done up with masonry; if this is not done, it cannot be very long before the first colossus on the left will meet the same fate as the second, and the finest production of antiquity in the whole of Egypt will be a ruin. I think L.E. 300 would suffice to insure this work against destruction. The sand drift which was partially removed in 1890 from the foot of the temple is fast returning and destroying the view of the temple. The drift is not a very long one and if it were once entirely removed, it would take a very long time indeed, before the sand could collect again. Between the two hills there is a sun dried brick wall which keeps up the sand, prevents the Nile flood from attacking it and turns the sand into the temple. If this brick wall were removed and the Nile deposit near it cut away or cleared of all debris from the temple, the Nile itself in high flood would eat away the drift and improve immensely the appearance of the temple. I think L. E. 100 would suffice for this work. After Abu Simbel the high hills leave the river, and with the exception of a reach of cultivated land on the right bank, the Nile flows between low rugged hills as far as the southern limit of Toski village (kilometre 270). Near (*) Further on, the positions of all the temples between Halſa and Assuán and the Reduced levels of their platforms are given in detail. ...t-*: & * -: sº * jºšš;, x--, * * * * f * jº S., * * * & §§3. 2 : x- \. : $º. : * A. A , " 9 # º º- Asºº $, * * Toski the high hills appear in the distance, while the foreground on the left is singularly low, flat and sandy. Opposite Toski village the deep channel is along the right bank, where the old spurs have been turned much to the inconvenience of the navigation. These spurs should be renewed. Near Ibrim fort (kilometre 235) on the right hand, a singularly bold range of sandstone hills is met with, and the views on the Nile are impressive. From here on to Korosko the hills on the right are generally bold and high, while the Nile bank from kilometre 230 to kilometre 201 past Ibrim and Dér, is well cultivated. Ibrim and Děr are the two richest villages between Halfa and Assuán. On the left bank also there is not an inconsiderable cultivation, while there are extensive flat plains for some 3 and 4 kilometres away from the river. The presence of wells on this plain indicates an ancient arm of the river which is now silted up. Some high hills are met with at kilo: 200 of the river on its left bank, but these almost immediately recede away from the river. From kilometre 194 to kilometre 182 on the right bank, past the town of Korosko (kilometre 191),there is a range of very high sandstone hills. From a hill near kilometre 188 a series of geological specimens has been collected. This is the hill sketched by Mr. Henry. A cross section of the hill would have been something like this. For 70 metres up from the waters edge the hill is composed of a very coarse red sandstone in strata varying from 15 metres in thickness to */, a metre, with two very distinct broad belts of the violet coloured earth. Above 70 metres in height the hill could not be examined, as the surface was covered thick with the silicious sinter. The navigation on the long curve opposite Dér (kilometre 210) is very difficult and something should be done here to deepen the summer channel of the Nile. This is the worst reach between Halfa and Assuán. At kilometre 207 on the left bank of the Nile, is a very interesting temple with some very nice carvings, which is fast going to wreck. Something should be done to preserve this temple. It is doutless very ancient. About kilometre 180 a little river training is needed to aid the navigation in Summer. X2 : : º & 3, # * a" 4 g . . * *º * *... ºf * * ** " . . From here on to Syála (kilometre 130) there are alternating very high and . . . moderately high hills on both banks of the Nile with occasional patches of cultivation. Near Syāla the clay is mixed up, with a little lime and this earthy matter (unburnt) is used at Korosko instead of lime. From kilometre 130 to kilometre 100 with slight interruptions the left bank of the river is very flat and sandy. The sandhills have become comple- tely degraded. Here and there a mound of large pebbles of porphyry and quartz is all that remains of what must have once been a very high hill. The plains may be said to be strewn with the skeletons of hills. They are very dismal. From kilometre 114 to kilometre 105, on a mean width of 1 kilometre, is the plain of Decca composed of Nile deposit. The wells here indicate that an ancient arm of the Nile has been silted up. The plain is on an average 1.50 metre above high flood. It is cultivated in patches. So far the left bank, of the Nile ; on the right bank of the Nile there is much the same appearance of desert.except that the general level is much higher. At kilometre 113 on the right bank is the Khör Allāki which drains whatever rain falls in the deserts between this and Abou Hamed nearly. The presence of gold in the bed of this stream led the ancients to imagine that the catchment basin of this stream contained gold. It probably does. At kilometre 10S is the Gebel Hyata on the right bank a low but very prominent hill. From kilometre 100 to kilometre 55, the Nile flows between gradually rising hills of compact sandstone with fairly decent cultivation on both banks though in very narrow strips. At kilometre 67 is an outcrop of granite on a length of 1 kilometre. This granite is very inferior and the Nile flows through it without any appearance of a rapid. At kilometre 58 on the right bank is the Khor Rabma which drains a large tract of desert. At kilometre 57 on the left bank is the Kalabsha temple on the tropic of Cancer. The quarries here give a very fair white sandstone. From kilometre 55 to kilometre 49 is an outcrop of granite. There are numerous islands in the Nile. Plates 20 and 21 give plans and sections of this part of the Nile. It is a possible site for a reservoir. At kilometre 49 is the Kalabsha gate of the Nile, 150 metres wide and 40 metres deep in flood. From kilometre 49 to kilometre 29 the Nile traverses very compact sandstone with good quarries at Iaifa and Gertassa. The Philoe temple was built, with this stone. The cultivation on both banks of the river is good and the peasantry are fairly prosperous. The depth of water in winter and summer is insigificant and the Nile needs frequent spurs, notably near kilo- metre 36 where navigation is very difficult. If the hed of the river is full of detritus from the Valabsha gate of the Nile, it is no possible site of a dam ; 3. § s & *º *:3.*. * g;º i *…* t : º: % #º § &A., ºr $4 ºz & sº 3, # ** § º: *...** * Sº, ? & *. § º *; ; 32. ** ...? º *.* ; & *ś, * ** * * , #3 º: :*: 34 *33. rº * &#. #y "... * * . . ; x * iº. ". . . . . . -*.*.*.*... $ºrº, º, º ºx * *- 3.3 ºf , ; *...* > . . . . . . * ** § ...'", " " . 2 * * * * * * * ***. *.*.*. & " 3. * * * - * f º # r, fºr :* * ...tº ºf ** *** *** ”: ... r #4 #. * & : Å,;:gsº 3.3 3& 3. & zº sº * & §: §ºbut if the sandstone itself has stood the action of the river, near the Gertassa * * * tº ºr 8. temple at kilometre 40 is a possible site for a dam. If any sandstone is fit to §: ".", found a dam on, the sandstone here should be as it is compact and white. There 3. * * are frequent belts of violet earth, which are used for manure. At kilometre *ś. & 37 is the Khor Dembit which drains the Bargat Tukham plains. *** * . From kilometre 29 to kilometre 0 and beyond that to Assuân the river flows between granite hills. This granite is very inferior except at the site of the cataract itself where it has been strong enough to stand the force of the current through centuries. At kilometre 2 is Philoe temple on an island in the Nile. Plates 17, 18 and 19 give large scaled plans and sections of the 1st cataract, zº Ascending the Nile from the 1" cataract, the temples one sees are as , , follows:– * º *. s * § * k sº ;& 3. *ś ~$ º *. }: $º. A: º . * ; Aft 3. 3. #e. § : **. * *3.; * *x **ºt* * . 3. * DISTANCE FROM ** NAME OF TEMPLE 1st CATARACT | R. L. OF FLOOR DATE • , IN KILOMETRES OF ERIECTION Philoe. . . . . © e º 'º e s tº e º C & © tº e s e º C is º gº e 2 104.00 Ptolemais Debod . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 105.00 Roman Gertãs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 115.00 )) Iaifa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 º' tº e s tº 49 107.00 )) **. Bêt el Wali . . . . . . . . . . . e e s tº e º s e º e 57 122.00 Rameses t Kalabsha. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 110.00 Roman * Dendeer... . . . . . . . . . & e º º tº c e s e º ºs s a 77 115.00 Terf Husain. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91 126.00 Dekka . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11() 110 00 Roman Afa Donia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123 114.50 )) Sabūa. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159 122. 50 )) Amada. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206 129.00 )) Dèr. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211 121.50 Y) Abu Simbel. . . . . . . º e º 'º º e º 'º º & J tº g º º 288 125.00 Rameses The Postal boat stations are as follows : — Philoe . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 kilometres from the cataract. Debod. . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 X X - Embarakab . . . . . . . . 49 X X. Kalabsha . . . . . . . . . . 57 X X & Maria . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88 X X . . . Dekka . . . . . . . . . . . . 110 X X Syâla . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132 X X. ... . "...Sabūa . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159 X X X. ! º; º * *.* xx s *, *, *, *, *g. 2.É. %a. J T.’s. * - * * *- : * * Ko rosko & ºt 191 kilometres from the cataract. . . " Dēr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211 X X) * Ibrim . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231 X D) Abu Simbel. . . . . . . . 288 X }) Farras . . . . . . . . . . . . .308 X - )) Ishkët . . . . . . . . . . . . .333 X )) Deberosa . . . . . . . . . . 343 X -- )) Wadi Halfa. . . . . . . . .345 X W. }) The latter half of Appendix C contains a description of the different kinds .* of crops sown in Nubia. The ordinary trees are Date and Dôm palms, accacias and sycamore trees. **, In order to improve the navigation of the Nile besides the deepening of the summer channel of the river, the cataracts should be provided with steafter . and boat railways. The water power of the cataracts might be employed for working them. In the estimates I have entered locks at the different dams, , , , , but if ship railways are more economical they should certainly be employed. . . ; I had hoped to complete this description by a discharge table of the Nile, º but I regret my inability to complete the calculations. I have used in all my calculations the discharge table on page 34 of Egyptian Irrigation. s * * ... * }, ... º * * 4. º # * & sº • *: **:::: \ * ... ...º *s ** A. , sº -' ºr *:: º x', # ...' º \ 3. { & *. &" % g §: x-º > -- *4 3. j Żºł *: A. §º ºf . º. ºººººº... * 3.3 ºf sº º ż, , , *** * * * … * §º. *s & 73's # *...**** * * * %.”. * -º * 4". štº &# *, *, *. Sº **ºtº: 2 *.*.*.* A: ; 3. ** §§§ ! #' s s” *...*** * < * * * ~ * * .# *rºx *; *ś * . * ~. Si sº ~ * , •,• $, $. jºy .*. & * 5. y #; º;; ** * w; ºf 3. … • * § r f 's # 13 **** *a* *; ‘sº ‘y .# * Kºº. zººs $º. * ..yº ... . . . . .” . . . . . ." g •+ ** § 3. . . . . ...” A . 3 * ; ...,'" . 4 * : '', 4, .* .# -- .#2 * ź jº. ** * * * >,” ... ' '. ; : , ; }; ** { * * 4. .*.*.* #. A. 4. tº . . . ." #. §§º... --> ºr *. • , * ...? * ". .r- % ºr . .3: *. ...# • 3 & Y. - ** º * .** Af -- % º * *. , , * sº * * * * ". * .* $. 3. ** 3. * < 3. * * * f g ** * * t I t Tukh lai te sº Kom Ombo and Bargat Tukham plains. f * Cai 14th J 3. Jalil'O anuary. 1890. *: 2 5 * The Inspector General Óf Irrigation, -vº Cairo. Sir, I have the honour to forward a plan of the sites of the proposed Kom Ombo and Kalabshah reservoirs. I was directed by you to turn my special attention to the three following points:— 1st.— Was the formation of the Kom Ombo plain deltaic or not? 2nd.— Had the ravines tailing into the Nile above the Assuán Cataract any connection with the Kom Ombo plain 3rd.— What was the size and level of the proposed Kalabshah reservoir : I shall concisely answer these three questions before I begin my general report:— 1st.— The formation of the Kom Ombo plain is not deltaic, as there is a slope of nearly ‘ſtood from the hills towards the river. 2nd.—There is no connection between the ravines tailing into the Nile above Assuân and the Kom Ombo plain. The slope of the country is from east to west, and there are absolutely no connecting ravines running north and south. 3rd.— The proposed Kalabshah reservoir is some 900 square kilometres in extent, but its mean bed is 200 metres above the level of the Nile in flood at Kalabshah. This precludes it from ever being made into a reservoir for storing Nile water. The levelling was done by Fehmy effendi and Mohib effendi, while the survey work was done by me. The two Egyptian engineers worked in concert. On no occasion was the level moved until the engineers had agreed as to the diffe- rence of the reading on the two staves. They had two levels and on three – 14 — occasions the work was twice done, first with one level, and then with the other, to see that there were no errors in the instruments. Both levels were carefully adjusted before beginning work. . The average out turn of work was 12 kilometres per day. They began work at 7 A.M. and stopped at 4 P.M. The surveyed distances were timed by the rate at which a camel walks, and the bearings were read off a prismatic compass. A camel walking along the ravines and tracks,such as are met with near Assuán, does 4 kilometres per hour. This timing was fixed by me after walking my camel over a measured distance of 80 kilometres. A camel, at this kind of work in winter, can do comfortably 40 kilometres per day, but owing to delays and contingencies a distance of 32 kilometres per day only can be counted on. Allowing 4 kilometres per hour and plotting the distances thus calculated, the closing of the circuits, where part of the distance was chained and part timed, was highly satisfactory. ' j On referring to the plan it will be noticed that all the reduced levels have been referred to mean sea. These levels have been obtained as follows:—The zero of the Assuân gauge has been taken as 84–16, and the slope of water sur- face north of Assuán as */issoo. The drop of the Assuán Cataract in winter has been taken as 4 metres (I regret I did not level it), and the slope south of Assuân as ‘/laboo. With these data. J 1. The R. L. of the water surface at Kom Ombo (43 kilometres north of Assuán) on the 22nd November 1889, with the Assuán Gauge reading 7p. 20k., was (84.16–1–4.23—3.33)= 85.06 metres. 2. The R. L. of the water surface at Kalit (57 kilometres north of Assuán) on the 2nd January 1890, with the Assuán Gauge reading 5p. 17k., was (84.16–1–3.08—4.42)= 82.82 metres. 3. The R. L. of the water surface at Assuán (opposite the gauge) on the 27th November 1889, with the ASSuán gauge reading 7 p. 1 1k., was (84.16–1–4.03)= 88.19 metres. 4. The R. L. of the water surface at Demhit (40 kilometres south of the Shellal) on the 4th December 1889, with the Assuân gauge at 6p. 21k., was (84.16–1–3.71–14.00+3.08)= 94.95 or say 95.00. A benchmark has been cut in the granite at Bir Um Habal near the proposed Kalabshah reservoir. Specimens of soil have been collected from every part of the Kom Ombo plain and from different parts of the Barkat Tukham plain (proposed Kalabshah reservoir). t Proposed Kom Ombo reservoir.— In the Kom Ombo plain, the original Nile deposit over considerable areas, has been buried by the shingle brought down from the decaying sandstone hills by the great ravines at the S.E. corner of the plain. These ravines have considerable catchment basins of º * ** ..ºf • # 3. *. +: * Yº *** * * * 5 sºme Asºº A tº * & •' 1: $ } % # * undecayed sandstone in their upper courses. Every drop of rain water which falls on this sandstone finds its way into the ravines and sweeps the detritus of the inferior rocks lower down their course over the plain. Every third or fourth year there is fairly heavy rain once or twice in the winter or summer, and the amount of detritus brought down is enormous.- By water marks I calculated that the discharge of the Illawi Khor in May 1889 could not have been under 2,000,000 cubic metres per day.— The whole of this water finds its way into the Nile opposite kilometre 882 on the plan. South of this point are insignificant limestone hills.- I saw Nile deposit everywhere below the contour of 105, though my engineers have seen it as high as R. L. 109 near kilometre 15 on the line of levels.— This, it appears to me, could only have come through the Khor Abu Subera and round by Sheikh Nasarulli and the Illāwī ravine.— A line of levels down these ravines can only settle the question. — I had no time to do so. I can only state definitely that there is absolutely no connection between this and the ravines to the south of Assuán.— . I found Nile deposit in the Khor Abu Subera at high levels. Before the sandstone barrier at kilometre 920 on the Nile was cut away, the Khor Abu Subera might have taken Nile water into the Kom Ombo plain. By levelling two lines of levels in the Kom Ombo plain, and adding a few calculated levels by the aid of the slope of the shingle, I have been able to roughly contour the plain. The reduced levels obtained by levelling have all been taken to two places of decimals, while the others are in whole num- bers, so that they can be easily distinguished on the plan. - Taking 80 metres as the R. L. of the ordinary summer supply of the Nile at Silsila, up to R. L. 90 metres the water will be practically within the trough of the Nile. If a dam is constructed at Silsila this trough will be filled with deposit in one year.— Above this level the areas of the proposed reservoir are as follows:– *... lmell'es Square metres. At R. L. 90 the area of the reservoir will be. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40,000,000 X 95 X ? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140,000,000 » 100 ) * . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200,000,000 » 105 X * . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 370,000,000 » l l () X * . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 410,000,000 » l 15 X * . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 480,000,000 » 120 X X * * * is is tº e º e º e º º se e 590,000,000 » 125 X * . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 650,000,000 * * | 16 § * 4- * ,- * Therefore between R. L. 90 and 95there will be 450,000,000c. m, of water X 95 × 100 X 850,000,000 , X X 100 x 105 X 1,425,000,000 X X. 105 × 110 X 1,950,000,000 X X 110 × 115 X 2,225,000,000 X X 115 )) 120 }) 2,675,000,000 X . X 120 × 1.25 X 3, 100,000,000 X Or in other words a reservoir filled up to : — * R. L. 95 will contain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 450,000,000 cubic metres » 100 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . l, 300,000, 000 X » 105 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,725,000,000 X » 110 X . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,675,000,000 X X 11.5 * . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,900,000,000 X !/ » 120 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . je s • * * * 9,575,000,000 X » 125 * . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12,675,000,000 X A glance at the plan will show that the ravines to the south of Asswan are useless for transporting water. The best of them, the Khor Buerát is 55 metres above the level of the Nile at a distance of 8 kilometres from the river.—I forgot to see whether the Khors Buerāt and Kalutát enter the Nile together or separately. I have put them together. — This point does not affect the question of their practicability to carry water, it simply affects the correctness of the plan. Barkat Tukham º'eservoir. — The making of a reservoir in the Barkat Tukham plain is quite an impossibility. The levels show a steady rise of about 3 ‘/, metres per kilometre up the connecting ravine, and as the plain is some 60 kilometres away, there is a difference of level between it and the Nile of 200 metres. There is no connection between this plain and the ravines to the South of the Kalabsha gate. The only outlet for the rain fall on the plain is the Khor Demhit, down which the line of levels is plotted. In this ravine at a distance of 42 kilos from the Nile is the Bir Um Habál, a perennial well, with the water 14 metres below the bed of the ravine.— . This well was repaired by Mehemed Aly, but is now a wreck. It is a very important well and might be thoroughly renewed for L. E. 150. From kilo: 47 to 32 the Khor Dernhit runs between vertical walls of the most solid granite some 50 metres in height. The width of the Khor here is from 50 to 120 metres wide, and the bed a coarse shingle. The amount of rainfall in the Barkat Tukhâm plain must be very considerable at times, to allow of the water cutting this great rent through 15 kilometres of compact granite. (This rent st *x ex-yº: *** . sº # > * * * * & + * , « *. tºº, « . . . **** + --" * 3: *t. ~3. * , Jº **t : {}. - i. * * #ºt ºš tº cº- * : *%-sº **, *z, *; 3. , r & ** sº § º ** 3. ~% & $v. Ž:#: § zºº, 3. **.** ; %. sº * º s: . ~, , , , 3. & # ººms 17 "sºms A. : ‘....” f' * * * & •y” Arº 3. * .# *…* . & e ‘e * iº ** t » ... must have been made in ancient times, when the sandstone was deposited.) }, £". 2.- * *. %: * There were water marks showing that there had been 1 metre of water in £º the Khor in May 1889.-This meant a discharge of some 12,000,000 cubic * ; , ; metres per 24 hours. Whether it would pay to construct a dam at kilometre 46 of the ravine and turn this plain into a kind of oasis, I have no data to *. enable me to form an opinion.—It struck me however that the thing might º be done.—Between Assuán and Khor Demhit, I have continued on the plan ... the kilometrage brought from Cairo up the deep channel of the Nile. . The only possible reservoir on the left bank of the Nile, south of Assuán, is the depression known as the Kuréka and Kurkur, a day’s journey west of Kalabsha and two days west of Dekka. There is no connection between it and the Nile North of Wady Halfa. I shall forward a separate report on the work I did in the valley of the Nile. I cannot close this report without recording that we received every possible aid from Wodehouse Pasha and were in consequence enabled to work without an interruption of any kind. We found patrols in the deserts wherever we might happen to go, and felt as Secure there as on the banks of the Nile. I have the honour...... (Signed) W. WILLcocks. — 18 — No. 29. Cairo, 22nd January, 1890. TO The Under Secretary P.W.D. Cairo, or the Inspector General of Irrigation : Camp. Sir, j/ 1. In continuation of this office No. 14, in which were described the surveying operations in the desert near Assuân, I have the honour to forward a report on the work we performed in the valley of the Nile, while we were at Wodehouse Pasha's disposal. This report is accompanied with the following plans:— 1. – Proposed Dekka Canal. 2. — Deberra Canal Plan. 3.— )) » Longitudinal Section. 4.— X » Cross Sections. 5.— Halfa Gauge. 2. Wodehouse Pasha asked me to give my opinion on the following points :— tº, tº RD A.— Would it be advisable to dig a canal at Dekka, and settle refugees on the land not at present under cultivation ? B. — What was the probable cost of thoroughly renewing the Deberra Canal? C.— Was it possible to make a canal capable of irrigating the Halfa plain? D.— Would it be advisable for the Government to work two or three pumping engines at Deberra or Argin, so as to bring more land under summer and winter cultivation? What would be the cost of irrigating a feddan of land, and could the fellaheen pay it or not? E.— Were there any means of improving the irrigation of Faras, Toski, and similarly situated villages where large areas of cultivable land were not under cultivation ? F.— During my inspection did I See any existing works which were dete- riorating for want of attention or repairs? G.— What should be done to protect the ASSuán cantonment from the action of the Nile in flood o r” — 19 — * H.— Supposing the frontier Mudirieh had only a limited sum of money at its disposal, how could it be spent most profitably? > 3. A.— Dekka.— Plate I gives a fair idea of the broad strip of country near Dekka. Both to the north and south of this, the remaining lands of Dekka consist of a very narrow strip along the Nile. The land lies about 1.50 metres above high flood level. There are numerous masonry wells both on the edge of the Nile and in the interior, of which I have put on the plan all I came across during my survey. On the 11th December the level of water in the interior wells was the same as that of the Nile, but the inhabi- tants informed me that the water in the wells remained fairly constant throughout the year, while that in the Nile might fall 2 metres or even 2 */, metres below its present level, in summer. During flood however the wells along the Nile had a great advantage, as they were fed direct from the Nile, while the level of water in the interior wells scarcely rose at all. An interior well irrigates from 4 to 5 feddans and is worked by 4 cattle ; a well on the Nile is worked by some 6 or 8 cattle, and irrigates from 8 to 10 feddans. The interior land is richer than that on the edge of the Nile. Dekka is the head quarters of numerous Cairo cooks and Sufragis, and is consequently very well off— There are many buried wells which will be gradually cleared out and utilised. The men themselves objected to the construction of a canal as they did not want any of their land given to refugees. They were sufficiently masterful, it struck me, to be able to elbow out any refugees who might be settled among them. I should recommend that the canal be not dug at present, but that the men be given every facility for extending their well irrigation. They themselves seemed very content with the present administration, and said that they had made a great many improvements in their irrigation during the last two or three years, and seemed inclined to continue in the same direction. It costs about L.E. 15 to dig out and put an old well into working order. A pair of oxen or cows costs L.E. 5 or L.E. 6. The cost of constructing the canal, with a 2 metre wide bed, side slopes + a longitudinal slope of w and a R. L. of 5.00 metres at the head, would be L. E. 675. The amount of excavation would be 45,000 cubic metres, for which a price of 1 */, piastres per metre has been assumed. The canal could never irrigate flush. It would very considerably aid the lift irrigation. Judging from the importance of the temple, the number of the old masonry wells, the numerous remains of old villages, and the quality of the soil itself, it would appear that Dekka was once a place of considerable importance. 4. B. — Deberra. — Plate II gives a plan of the Deberra Canal which is supposed to irrigate some 800 feddans of land separated from the Nile valley — 20 — by a high mound of course shingle and boulders. For the first 3,670 metres of its length the Deberra Canal is well aligned, and should be maintained. It needs considerable widening and deepening in this length to enable it to irrigate the country on it.—From 3,670 metres to 6,200 metres (the existing tail) on a length of 2,530 metres, the canal is a mere ditch, execrably aligned and barely dug. Along this reach it will be cheaper to dig a new canal on a new alignment with proper slopes and to proper section, than to maintain the existing line and try and improve it.—At a point 6,200 metres from the head the canal ends abruptly in a field: it should be dug right up to the Nile at 10,600 metres, i. e. on an extra length of 4,400 metres. The area capable of irrigation on this canal is 800 feddans. The discharge needed for basin irrigation, at 100 cubic metres per feddan per day, is only 80,000 cubic metres per day.—The bed however should not be made less than 3 metres wide, owing to the great depth of the canal in its upper reaches. º 5. — All the levels on the plan have been referred to the Halfa gauge after the manner of referring the Upper Egypt canals to the Assuán gauge. The day the levelling of the canal was performed the Halfa gauge was reading 3.00 metres and this has consequently been taken as R. L. of the water surface at the head of the canal. High flood level may be taken as R. L. S. 50 metres, and low flood as R. L. 7.50 metres. 6. – Wodehouse Pasha has settled here a number of refugees, and is anxious to bring some 500 acres of Government land at present uncultivated, under basin irrigation. To accomplish this there is no other method except that of thoroughly renewing the canal. The irrigation was a failure in 1889, in spite of the high Nile, because the canal was very defective. I heartily recommend the renewal of this canal and its extension to the Nile. Estimating from the cross and longitudinal sections I calculate that there will be 95,000 cubic metres of earthwork, which at 1 *|, piastres per cubic metre, will cost L.E. 1,200. wº- 7. — There are many wells in the high lying parts of the tract, which irrigate between them some 200 feddans of land. These wells are not of masonry. They cost about L.E. 5 a piece, and last 2 years and then fall in. 8. — I may note here that the Deberra Canal traverses the only tract between Halfa and Assuán which can be irrigated flush in an ordinary flood. - Jn a cery good flood much land to the south of Korosko can be irrigated flush, but practically none to the north of Korosko. Since the land was deposited, the Nile has scoured out much more deeply between Korosko and Assuan than between Halfa and Korosko. The wells along the Nile in * — 21 — ^. December 1889 were generally lifting 10 metres to the north of Korosko, while to the south they were lifting only 8 metres. 9. C. — The Halfa plain. — We levelled along a line 12 kilometres long past the Halfa cantonments to the foot of the Halfa rapids, but found that it was impossible to make a canal which could do more than what the Nile does at present. All the low land lies at the head of the possible canal, and is now flooded direct by a very high flood. The canal could do no more. , 10. — There are many masonry wells in this tract, the number of which might be considerably increased. Just to the south of Halfa cantonments is a 10 H.P.engine working a 10" pump, and irrigating some 40 acres of land. ll. — D. Pumping Engines near Halſa. — To enable myself to answer the question about the advisability of working pumping engines, I collected information about the existing irrigation and agriculture of the villages of Ishkët and Deberra where I was surveying. —Ishkët and Deberra villages have a cultivated and tax paying area of 1,260 feddans, a population of 2,700 (of whom about 350 are in employ in Lower Egypt), 150 wells, and 34,000 date trees. They cultivate 4 acres per well in summer, 6 in flood, and 4 in winter, or 600 acres in summer, 900 in flood, and 600 in winter. The yield per acre of summer crop is L.E. 1.25 per acre, of flood L. E. 1.75 per acre, and winter L.E. 2 per acre ; in addition to this is the green food for men and cattle. The date trees yield on an average L:E: .30 per tree. 12. — The annual income of these two villages is thus made up — The summer crop 600 acres at L. E. 1.25 = L. E. 750 » flood » 900 × at > 1.75 = x 1,375 » winter > 600 × at > 2. — = x 1,200 L. E. 3,325 The date trees yielded 34,000 at L:E: . 20. . . . . . . . . . tº e º e º 'º » 6,800 TOTAL. . . . . L. E. 10, 125 From this deduct:— The land tax on 1,260 feddans at . . . . . L. E. 30. = L. E. 378 Date tree tax 34,000 trees at . . . . . . . 1 */, piastre– ), 510 L.E. 888 Leaving a net profit of. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L.E. 9,237 This means L.E. 3.40 per head of population (I may state that the people live in great part on green food). it will be noted that the population is excessive: indeed there appear to be as many acres covered with dwellings as with crops. — 22 — \ - 13.- The yield of the different crops and seasons is thus calculated:— Lubia */, an ardeb of grain + green food. Durra 2 */, ardebs of grain + green food. Durra 2 */, ardebs of grain -— green food. Ashrangèk ‘/, an ardeb of grain -— green food. Barley 4 */, ardebs of grain. » , winter | Ads 3 /, ardebs of grain. | Ashrangèk /, an ardeb of grain + green food. During flood the profits of the land are divided in the following proportion:— The owner of the land */, rd. The worker of the land */, rd. The owner of the cattle ‘/, rd. In winter and summer the following proportion prevails:— The owner of the land ‘I,th. i; The worker of the land “Isth. The owner of the catlle */sth. During summer » flood 14. — Leaving out of count the green food, the irrigation costs them therefore L:E: .50 per acre in summer º * * L:E: .60 per acre in flood | tº 1. and L:E: .75 per acre in winter | It is supposed that cattle consume 1 piastre worth of food per day, and as there are 1 /, acres irrigated by each ox or cow, their food means L:E: .80 per season | 4 × 30 gol × 2 !. Their cattle however perform all the ploughing operations and provide milk, so that if a pumping engine is to be a real source of additional wealth to the country, it should be able to irrigate at a cost of L:E: .50 per acre in summer, L:E: .60 in flood, and L:E: .75 in winter. 15.- The only pumping engine South of Assuán is a 10" pump driven by an old 10 H.P. engine, to the south of Halfa cantonments. The engine and pump are the property of Government, who lets them to a Cypriote named Lewisa for L.E. 50 per annum. According to Mr. Lewisa, the pump well cost L.E. 80, the engine house L. E. 30, while the raised channel from the pump to the fields, before it become watertight and free from breaches cost L. E. 70, or L. E. 180 altogether. He burns 20 cantars of Sant wood per 10 hours and irrigated 12 feddans daily in flood and irrigates 6 feddans in winter. Coal costs L. E. 2.80 per ton and is too dear to use. The wood fuel costs L.E. 1 per 10 hours. He pays altogether L. E. 8 per month for the staff who supervise and work the engine. e * He pays therefore L. E. 0.25 per day for labour. X X » > 1.00 ) > for fuel. 2 × 3 —g-t. X X or for L.E. 1.25 heirrigates 12 feddans in flood and 6 in winter. — 23 — 16.- His flood watering costs L:E: .10 per feddan per watering, and his winter watering L:E: . 20. Of course he irrigates infinitely more heavily with a pump than what the fellaheen do from Sakyas. He gives 5 waterings per crop in winter and 10 in flood, so that his irrigation costs him L. E. 1 per acre in flood and L. E. 1 per acre in winter. The summer irrigation would cost L. E. 2 per acre. Keeping no cattle he pays very heavily for ploughing. He says L:E: .75 per feddan, but that seems absurd. He began working his engine last flood, and has had no experience of summer irrigation. In De- cember with the Halfa gauge at 3 metres, he was lifting 7.50 metres. He will have to lift from 9 to 9.50 metres in summer. He already finds his 10" pump too big for his 10 H. P. engine. 17. – Examining all these figures, I may state confidently that it would not be advisable for Government to erect pumping machinery. The fellaheen who took the water would with difficulty pay for it. Private enterprise may start pumping engines near Halfa where there is always a good market for produce, but speaking generally engines are not needed South of Assuân. The price of coal is very high, fuel is scarce, the height to which the water has to be lifted is excessive, while the poorest crop is reaped in summer when the cost of irri- gation is at its highest. The sun in summer is so hot that the grain is parched owing to the dryness of the ground irrigated by machinery. The cotton south of Assuán is a winter crop, and a very poor crop. The flood durra is reaped in December and is on an average only about 5 or 6 feet high. They all talk of the barley crop as the best they have. 18. E.- Irrigation of Faras, Toski, etc.— These villages are miniatures of Dekka. The strip of land is not so wide as at Dekka, while the soil is decidedly inferior. There is near the desert at most of these villages a narrow strip of land capable of being irrigated flush during a high flood and connected with the Nile by an insignificant canal. These little canals should be yearly cleared by the villagers, so that if the Nile flood is high, they may benefit from the high level water. Nothing more can be done for these villages. They have a few interior wells which are worked, and others capable of being cleared out and utilised. Every encouragement should be given them to develope their well irrigation. 19. F. — Eacisting works needing repairs or renewal. Between Halfa and Assuân the river is trained by massive stone spurs on both banks. They were put in ancient times to train the river and insure a deep navigable channel down the middle of the river in summer. In places they have been turned or partially destroyed with a loss of land to the — 24 — $. .* community. It is important that these spurs should be maintained. Wodehouse Pasha informed me that a number of convicts were on their way to Assuán from Cairo. These men might very profitably be employed in repairing the damaged spurs. The stones are lying near the spurs, and the repairs wilf -- be easy to execute. Speaking generally, the nearer we are to Assuân, the more important are the spurs; and consequently the work of repairing the spurs should begin at the head of the 1st Cataract and proceed southwards.— 20. — The Halfa gauge needs remodelling. Plate W gives a plan of the existing gauge, which consists of a vertical angleiron fixed in a squaremasonry well for the lower 4.6 metres of its length, and above that standing out in the air when the Nile is low, and in the current when the Nile is in flood. \ The masonry foundation goes two metres below the low water level of 1889, so that it is solid. The zero is about 60 centimetres below the same mark so that it is low enough. ; The existing masonry of the gauge should be protected by a hundréd metres of pitching on the downstream side, as it stands out into the river like a spur, and must cause at certain stages of the river a considerable swirl. The angle iron should be removed from the gauge and the gauge be cut on stone and allowed to advance up a flight of steps to be built in a line with the existing slope of the bank. Plate V contains a plan of the gauge as I propose to build it. The existing angle iron is self condemned. Any passing boat might crumple it up. The existing zero should of course be maintained. In case of accidents to the gauge I have connected it’s zero with one of the iron columns of the water tank at the Railway station; the most solid structure I could find in Halfa. The comparison of levels is given on plate V. The remodelling of the gauge will cost L. E. 100. 21. G. — The protection of the Assuén cantonments from the action of the Nile in flood. F Bººt--> *. *A* S==== `- ta T-- - - ‘. . ." . , s = *. a- º 7-, *.*, * . . . . . . . . ->~ * * * * y = * e • * ~ * * * * - • * * * * * - * * * *, * * * - - * . . : * > - , - . º * * Łº ºr - , , * t - • *, *, * * * - * * * * * * * * * * - e - * ^. - * s - - * : *, *, º, • * * º º ~ * - - w & ſe • , ; * • * * * \, • * : * - -- • * - * *s • * * . . . . .''. t - * * * * . • * ~ * * * • * ~ \'s º º * = g * * ... " , * * * * * * ~ * w • * *.* * * * , .p * * n * * * e. ;S Šs SNS *... * * * - S \, ''''' -...-- * * * * * * * > * , *… *. * % * #. * A ** º ** * * -jo , - * * : * ~ * * * *@* **. & * ~ . & ! : •' ^: & ~. *. * & & 9.x. #" * --- *. * * * * '* ºr, * **, * ~3 t ection (continued). … . . . .” * } { £ T . ſº ... * * * * ~ * * * <3 .* • *...* - • * : * : * ~ * ** * • ** * * ^s. 3. 3, ...º » •º. & •c * **. * * + -* *. ** 0 • * ur * * º • * & 6.4 * * * rººt º * **** 10 () º, •º ;4&t ~ * ſe **4. ^: * * & 15. I * * 16.4 . . . . . . 16.4 15. 1. * > . 10.8 . . 8.4 7. () 0 106 × 10 = 1,060 1,410.ix 10 = 14,101 *. *. r. w * *... *, * kº. * * ~. * * * H ~ * , - wd ** * * •r * Total rubble masonry = 15,721 c.m. < º * : 3.. §ſ ; & 3 * -g *... . * $. …" * • *s, * • *- . . ; ~ * * 4-f .** * ºv * º: ** .*- z - # $º * 4& * ** & ** * "..." - 35 - sº Assuán Barrage (continued). 3. * * * . . . . , • * 2. -º # * ‘. . º g- * •ºr * º #. * * 23. S. . Eactreme left Barrage. — (Summer openings). & ... ; Dist: R. L. - àPQ8. founda: area. & ... } O tºº 0 ... = gº 0 sº 0 " … 10 – 112 — 15.6 – 6.0 ... 20 – 90 — 237.2 — 15.1 30 – 89 – 252.9 — 15.7 40 – 89 – 252.9 — 15.7 *: 50 – 96 — 155.3 — 11.8 60 – 96 — 155.3 — 11.8 70 – 96 — 155.3 — - 11.8 80 – 95 — 167.5 -— 12.2 90 – 92 — 207.6 — 13.9 H00 – 89 – 252.9 — 15.7 = 1,852.5 + 129.7 = 1,982.2 140 – 95 — 167.5 — 12.2 420 – 95 — 167.5 — 12.2 430 – 95 – 167.5 – 12.2 140 – 97 – 143.5 — 11.3 450 – 95 — 167.5 – 12.2 460 – 95 – 167.5 — 12.2 470 — 95 — 167.5 — 12.2 480 – 95 – 167.5 – 42.2 190 – 90 — 237.2 — 15. I 200 – 91 — 222.1 — 14.5 – M ,7 7 5 + 4. 2 6.3 = 1,901.6 210 – 91 — 222. 1 — 14.5 220 – 90 — 237.2 — 15.1 230 – 90 — 237.2 — 45.1 — = 696.5 + 44.7 = 741.2 – 86 – sº Assuán Barrage ( continued). A sºmetres. 3. Brought forward. . . 4,625.0 . ." 240 – 90 — 237.2 — 15.4 *. 4. . . . . 250 — 92 — 207.6 – 13.9 . 260 – 95 — 167.5 – 12.2 *- - 270 – 96 — 155.3 — 11.8 A- 280 — 88 — 132.2 — 10.8 - - A 290 — 100 — 111.0 — 10.0 --- 300 — 103 — 82.2 — 8.8 310 — 105 – 65.0 — 8.0 *... * 320 — 110 — 28.0 – 6.4 - - # 3.30 — 115 — 0.0 — 0.0 : — = 1,186.2 + 97.0 = 1,283.2 . * 5,908.2 1 metre at top of wall. 185.8 - Total... sq" metres 6,094.0 6,094.0 × 10 = 60,840 cubic metres. Total rubble masonry in ordinary section. Cubic metres. Main barrage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163,035 --- Lock channel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,724 Extreme left channel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60,940 -> Total 239,696 Sandstone ashlar coping, 1,485 × 4.3 = 6,386 cubic metres. \ – 37 – - . . . Assuan Barrage (continued). Special Section. 66 openings. or ...660 metres in length + (15 abutments). Cubic metres. Granite ashlar ... 66 × 325 = 21,450 — 21,450 Sandstone ashlar .. 66 × 96 = 6,336 — 6,336 Superior rubble masonry * in piers. . . . . . 66 × 557 = 36,762 15 × 870 = 13,050 — 49,812 Ordinary rubble masonry . .66 × 1130 = 74,580 Buttresses. 3 X 42 ; 20 X tº X 30 = 3 × 31 × 13 × .30 = 36,270 Regulating gates 66 × 5 × 7.5 = 2475 sq. metres. (Lock area. . . . . 30) × 15 = 450 Gates. . . . . . . . 2 × 450 = 900. Estimate of cost. Rubble masonry in solid weir. . . . . . . 239,696 at L.E. l = L.E. Sandstone coping. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,386 at > 3 = x Ordinary rubble masonry in open weir 74,580 at I = } Superior . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49,812 at x 2 = }) Sandstone ashlar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,336 at > 3 = } Granite ashlar. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21,450 at x 5 = 2 Rubble masonry in buttresses . . . . . . 36,270 at > 1 = 9) Cofferdams and Pumping Regulating gates 2475 sq. metres at L. E. 50 per sq. metre. Lock gates . . . . 900 )) at X) 50 )) Total Contingencies at 10 °lo – Compensation for lands — --- L. E. º ×4- Xº- t A. 239,696 19,158 74,580 99,624; 19,008; 107,250|| 36,270 30,000 123,750 45,000 794,336 79,434 100,000 973,770 ºś *** * - ~ + & * ºl-A’ x: gº * ..., .*, *, 7.5 . ** §§ ºś '. * * * ... < * : * ~ *g * 㺠* *. # ºr tº ºx *Y. *** : “...º º: º: º: T.& * * * *** **ść... & 4 *…? ^* *, *, *. § .# º- §§ § - 3.3%. % wºm * & ºr ºr ‘... *#2;". … * & -. * *: 2., & # o r c * - º', 'º * w *: * * *-- ,- .** º **. * K. : Estimate of cost of Kalabsha Barrage. . . . . . Nº * *- * * * º Rubble masonry in ordinary section. . . . . . . . . . . ; Distance from right. R. L. --- sqre ImetrºCS. . . * . 105 - * . . . . .” 1 10 84.00 395.5 *. 120 81.00 443.5 º 130 79.00 523.2 * - 140 78.00 552.2 s 150 78.00 552.2 * *. .* - + 2,466.6 160 77.00 582.5 £ 170 79.00 523.2 # (180 79.00 * 523.2 yo 190 78.00 552.2 3 | 200 78.00 552.2 210 78.00 552.3 -, * = 3,285.5 220 79.00 - 523.2 230 80.00 495.5 240 81.00 443.5 250 83.00 419.0 260 83. ()0 330.3 - — = 2,211.5 | 810 90.00 259.7 820 S9.00 276.4 830 88.00 293.6 840 88.00 293. 6 £ 850 88.00 293. 6 º - 1,416.9 8 \ 860 87.00 31 l .6 § | 870 85.00 349.7 880 84.00 395.5 890 83.00 419.0 900 86.00 330.3 905 90.00 259.7 – 1,806. I * Total... sq" metres 11,186.6 10 × 11,186.6 = 111,866 cubic metres. -- Half at L.E. 1 per cubic metre and half superior rubble masonry at L.E. 2 . per cubic metre or mean L.E. 1.5 per cubic metre. , 3 * * J. F. & * - * * *… * º —ºr, * sº º & .* * ...º. * * ~ * º: § ºr º, ºx 3.33% _ & * ~ g- 3.8% * **** sº. .# º * ; : §: & º $3. *śsº &:#x *- *-* *...* s & 3. % ". < zºº. * #. * *:: Yº sº. 3 † : ..., ** *s :* * ~ * * * *- : *. ~ . .” :* *y- * ~ * >. £ºrº...º.º. #4 ºzº. Sº . tº cº- * Z * *…* º & <& *3. tºº. i-º, 33. ; $. * & # I - * & & *... s & *s * ** ºr §: * * * * * -- *ś 3 * ..& * 3. 㺠3. * *ś 3, ſº g-ºr § . *, jºr * --- 3.3% jº. *... º: , , , * * • * * * • * , * * ** 2: ‘. … * Yºk & sº ... sº, rº . . . * * Jºr * , * , , 3. * -- tºº f $ *::\º * * * * * * * « --- s ºr & * --> & & § † : *º- 3. * ...' ...": -* º g * . . •º. Jº- ** : *** -2. * . . . . . . . . . . . * * 3. wºr * *: * a ãºaº ºt...? *:::::: * ' ' ' ' ' - ". . . KalātūSºlà Hºà continued --- ºº:3", sº ºz. .3, ... " Psna Isarra sº : # * “gº . : " - *s º : ,” § .* ‘... }, * : < x * * * §§§ º' ºr ºf **. “...f * # ãº: *:: * Speetal Section. — & & 3. -** º º, f *. $: # §. ‘. . . x - * fº * . s’ . . ºrs. Superior rubble masonry under the openings. jº & **-* * * & : }. * y sº fº Dist: from Rt., depth, area, sqre metres. º, º -º- *:::: º 80 – 0 - , * 3% i. * * *4. :* º 3. *- * * * 90. *3. 2 * 34.6 § 3. . . 100 — 5 – 91.5 = 126.1 #º 260 – 8 — 154.4 = 154.4 º * , 380 – 0 – 0 ºf 300 — 3 – 52.9 gº. * & *. *-. (". Inetres. 17 -- found” = 34.6 34.6 – — 52.9 52 9 — — 74 : 9 71.9 + — 94.5 91.5 + — 111.8 432.8 154.4 477.0 *§§ Š * ,: §: l º:i #. . *:. s*~Jº** *2,** *< ..ſº § i :*: t * HQ. 400 – 6 — 111.8 410 – 7 — 132.8 420 – 7 — 132.8 430 – 8 — 154.4 . . 440 – 7 — 132.8 450 – 6 — 111.8 460 — 3 — 52.9 470 — 2 — 34.6 º 480 – 0 – 0 = 946.8 . * $ Rºy & : :- * * * . Aº **†.£.º:.." 3. º*3. - .* º * : ! . : . f – 590 – 0 — 0 600 — 2 — 34.6 This rubble masonry will be laid it & 610 – 5 — 91.5 mortar of 2 Sand and 1 Portland * -- 620 – 7 — 132.8 cement. — | -*- º 630 — 7 — 132.8 640 — 3 — 34.6 650 – 0 – 0 = 426.3 i ; 760 – 0 — 0 770 — 2 — 34.6 780 – 7 — 132.8 790 – 6 — 111.8 800 – 5 – 91.5 * 810 – 5 – 91.5 = 462.2 Total 2085.8 sq. metres. Superstructure (10 × 2085.8) + foundations (250 × 20) = 20,858 + 5000 = 25,858 cubic metres. * , *. ‘. * 3. º ** * * --> # *... * . *. * . 3. * * > .* * 3. *::: ~. § 3. * * * * , &’s 3-; ... < *; º, * * * * §§ * $ºr § 40 y * * •$ * * == * “y. * * * A. * **. ‘g * ~ *: *. ſº §: s:-- %. * 3. *. ſº • * º * ºš i. * * 3. * g. . * º :* § sº * * g * § .** : #. Kalabsha Barrage (continued). . . . ... º.º.º. .# ***** At * * * {** ... 4-ºx sº 3 * y Open weir same as Assuán, * * . ... e. g.º. # ^. dº & *...* ~g ºf Two locks needed, one for summer and one for flood. . . . . . 2. 3. -, * • * * * * * # * *.*... → •, * * *...*.*.*, *.x-#" §§ #y * $º º §4 ~ ; &º 3. .* *w • 3 ** ** A. *. 3: $: .*.*. %: * : , 4, §s zºº § * - 3 rº §3. Estimate of cost. . . . . . ; C. Imetres. -- \ * *. Rubble masonry solid weir..... 111,866 at L.E. 1.50 = L.E. 167,799 . .” Sandstone coping... . . . . . . . . . . . 1,075 at > 3 -> 3,225 ... *: Rubble masonry below open weir. 26,358 at > 2 ». 52,716 S. Open Weir (same as Assuán)... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . » - * 336,732. ‘t Sadds and pumping (the depth of water here is excessive; . it will be 15 metres in summer in the right channel during * ... “ construction) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . » 100,000 Regulating gates 2475 sq. metres at..... . . . . L.E. 50 X 123,750 s Flood lock gates 900 sq. metres at. . . . . . . » .50 X) 45,000 Summer )) X )) ....... • 50. }) 45,000 - Total..... L.E. 874,222 Contingencies at 10 °/o . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . » 87,422 Compensation for land, etc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . » 70,000 Total. . . . . L.E. 1,031,644 = = *3 Á §º.º.º.º.º.º. º.º. " º “f*.*.*, *, * * : * ~ * ~ * º 3. * -: * tºº, ºf 2: . . . . . . . . . . . 3; a * &: * * * .* - º -** 3.sº •=&º $ºss", s .3% & J. "? . . * * ~. §: * « » .* & %, : § - *s sº ºr, *x 2.É. .." º º ** . . . A-e 3 sº º º × sº * > *...*.*&^ . * * * * § 3. “ * . *** * * .** ** §º sº. 3%, ’s sº tº º “ * *. ... ** § §: *ś jº $º." **. 3. * * , * * * º: ºg “ ** # : * * * * < § tº £º ºr, sº **. * ...” ** º: Yº }r 5 wº. "Y • * --- “g *…* ºgºsº, º ºsº ſº, A. . . . * * * 4. 4: § 3: º, . . .”.”: * * > * * > * > * * * -ºw ºº::::::::...” - * .* r -> **sº *; *g **. zºº. %, * *... $º * §. &ºr; ... • * * * #& Tº: 4. * * * sa, º, ſº #º 3 ... " 'º, º , J” “ . . º arid ©s ** * º §§ štíº. s & ." . * * ©. sitºl arrage ervoir. ; ::: , 35 x º *ś **, --- .* * § * - 3. ** t ; ‘i º * º .# 2% .* -- º 3. & º * # º º * *ś ºw § & ‘solid Barrage rubble masonry, length 1500 metres R L of bed 86 and of §º, ºg ##4 ~~~ º .* * y & ºs water surface 106, height of wall.– 20 metres. 3. gº .* ; * C. metres. # * * * * , ". . --- * 2%. *: sº º º: . . . . Ordinary rubble masonry, 1500 × 187 = 280,500 3. sº º * *~ Special rubble masonry under open weir; floor at R L 85.00 sº and bed at 77, or diff: 8 metres, 290 X, 177 = . . . . . . . . . . . . 51,330 i: . . . . Extra granite Ashlar for talus 720 × 40 × .5 = 14,400 c. metres. . . . . . . Rock cutting ................................ c. metres =6,600,000 * ? * Estimate of cost. Ordinary rubble masonry 280,500 c. metres at L.E. 1 L.E. . 280,500 * Coping sandstone ashlar—1500 metres at . . . » 2 » 3,000 Superior rubble masonry 51,330 at......... 2 2/– » 102,660 º Extra granite ashlar 14,400 at . . . . . - - - - - - - ? 5— X 72,000 $. Removing rock 6,600,000 at... . . . . . . . . . . . » .05— » 330,000 Open Weir same as ASSuán . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . » tºº » 336,732 Sadds and pumping. . . . . . . . . . Aº º ºs tº e º e º 'º e º 'º' X) D) 75,000 Lock gates as at Kalabshah. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . X --- D) 90,000 Regulating gates as at Assuán . . . . . . . . . . . . . )) & E--> » 123,750 --- * . *r Total. . . . . L.E. 1.413,642 Contingencies at . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... 10 °/, — » 141,364 Land compensation — Assuân town included. . . . . » 350,000 .* * Grand Total. . . . . L.E. 1,905,006 6 lº. ! º, * * - .* r $" " 'º < *ś * *...* * **.xxº~ * : * *. **. $ * . . . . .'; ; *... . . . *.*.*.*...º. • * * £e ** 3:” # …” & ºr • * * * * : **** **,”;gºš *- ^. <$ .* _* : ~& § $$, * 3. * * º * < x * y + -* * tº gº. º º fº º * . . . . . . . . . .” -ºº º *** * *. - tº * * ~~ -: * > §: §§ -º * º * $ } **** *- * *...*.*. º: : * * *-*. & < rº, * & $º. \ -- *. Jº. $ •k ** **.*. * * * * * Gebel Silsila project (alternative scheme). ‘’’: " - ºft - - .* sº *, *. * º - sº g- • ‘. . -*. * * * * gº $4 Rubble mi r **. ‘. . . . . . . . . . . . º. \ll €. masonry sº •t ‘. -- …, sº 3.8 º & *** . --- *º- -- *. •-> - X, “s 4. … .". & Solid Barrage across present channel of Nile. Bed R.L. 77, water fö6;...& *.*.*.* Height 29m; 290 X 330 - tº ºn e º 'º tº º tº gº . . . . * * * * * * * * * * * C. ſI] . | - 95,700 º $3. Solid Barrage in channel to right 700 × 187 = ... . . . . . » 130,900 : * ; : ** $.” sº, 3 $º ... ** º "Sº, cº- C. metres. : Excavation of new channel for river 6000 × 260 × 11 = 17,160,000 °. #" ‘ā- *- *x, ** *~ Estimate of cost. * C. metres. 2. Rubble masonry. . . . . . . . . § º º 226,600 at L.E. 1/– L.E. 226,600 Ashlar coping — . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . » 3,000 C. In Głł'eS. * Extra granite ashlar . . . . . . . . 14,400 at L.E. 5/ > 72,000 Excavation of new channel ... 17,160,000 at > • 04 » 686,400 Open weir same as Assuán . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . )) 336,732 Sadds and pumping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . » 75,000 Lock gates as at Kalabsha. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . » 90,000 Regulating gates as at ASSuán . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . » 123,750 Total. . . . . L.E. 1,613,482 Contingencies at 10 °/o . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . » 161,341 Compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . » 350,000 Total. . . . . L.E. 2,124,830 * ..." sº ºrº. 3 - Aºtº ºr * *ś, ź *** § šº jº º ż, , ; ; *- * - y - $s. * º º, º sº...”. £º $, ºs. P. Jº 3- * -** § x83 * sº tº: .** ºvº ºw" * wº- * § * * * &.”, gº º 3 * > 3 > A' + 3. *. * - * §ºš 3. %. * 3: .*. * 22 *..." * * ... * * •rx * > 4. * • * .* §§y?’” ~ *.*.* 3' ..." -- ** ** f' r & * ..ºve * *-*. §3. * -: *-* * * * * - * ... xxia & 2 •. & *::::: **** * * * * +, wº- *... * f - º: > ". *. º: º- * .. t * * * **. ºzºº * * * ». 2 * * * Y. * * * : t , = *s * , t wº ** $ 3. -*. º ... ?"-ºx & 2- -3 -v. ~ ; 3. & * ** * &º ". …", - , , , r W. d |R. y ân R * Sº. *: > * r *... f - * al ... º. * * * * : * ~ *. 3- - ,- y ayatºl Geselºw CII’s *::::::: :.. "wº # *-*-* > - ** * A * * ***** * ~ * - - - - …” ºf ** 㺠.*.* **, *, *-* * * ** . § 3. * * * * sº. Eveawation in Nile Valley. 30 metre bed width; side slopes 1 in. 1 — tº length 49,000 metres, mean depth 8 metres. . . º . . . . Q = 19,000 x 38 × 8 = 5,776,000 c. metres. *... Rock and sand eacaration. 30 met. bed 13 metres depth. length 1000 metres. ... . . . . . . Q = 1,000 × 43 × 13 = 559.000 * - Rock eacavation. 19 metres bed depth + = 12 º * -* ~P". # * * * < * * + *: - *e \ * -- * # *-*. * $4. , * “. J * * * .** ** 5 | 51 Bed width 19, and * . . . 63 sides as nearly perpen- - -. - 53 dicular as is possible— 33 22 metres is the mini- - . g’ 29 mum width the cutting > 29 can be made. 29 43 8 O Q = 453 × 22 × 1000 — e- 9,966,000 *s-sas- Rock and Sand eaccavation. 30 metres bed, vertical sides. 0 7 10 13 13 ~ * 13 - **. . * -- 3 * w * * *-ems Q = 79 × 30 × 1000 = 2,370,000 Land 25,000 acres (See Egyptian Irrigation Chap. X.) L.E. 25,000. * *w * ... * *"...º. * * ~$ - -: - - 2 * > *. * *- * * - - ... * *. '- Y- * £2. ** ~, - - & &: , * . •4 wº. *. 2% - y & *** * * * *...* & w" ; : **~ * * * * * , * *- º: k- t - - ºve 4 ++ x. … * * 3. * $: * s? + ** *... º. * 3. ... .” 3. f 2. ** & ~ * r- sº a 3. & < * ~ º **.* - T - **.* ... , s , : .” •S * * ... * * * --- x--- *> x= * • - - * p. * . . . a-- ~ * ,” “... sº gº *w *- ** * d 4, * • ‘’s ** *...*& *— ºf à * & * ‘Ā §: ...; * *. 2 < * * * * * * *; º; * * ... . . º.º.º. }: gº 44 tº-º-º- **. 3. º, º º \ .* * ... .º.º. * *: * : ..* & & * * - * s? . . T. *** * r F- tº f <ºf sy, * >g, ‘ºr • * J s’ > **. $3. Wady Rayan "Reservoir (continued). - . . . . . . . . * , T. . ~ * * . . . 's , tº Estimate of cost. * * Earthwork............... 5,770,000 at 40/– ; L.E. 231,040 * Rock. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,966,000 at 80/– X 797,280 - ' Rock and sand. . . . . . $ tº º e g tº 2,370,000 at 50/– X 148,500 )) 22 . . . . . . . . . . tº tº 559,000 at 50/— X 27,950 . Land . . . . . . . . . . . . * * * * * * * * * * * * c e º e º • . . . . . . . . X 25,000 Head regulator. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . tº dº ſº tº tº e º sº ſº e ſº tº g º º X 50,000 Masonry Works, syphon . . . . . . . . L. E. 15,000 Railway . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • X 20,000 Bahr Yussef regulator. . . . . . . . . . )) 60,000 * N X 95,000 Total. . . . . L. E. 1,344,770 Contingencies at 10/0–. . . . . . . . * & © tº º a g L. E. 134,477° Grand Total. . . . . L. E. 4,479,247 —r- Swamp Reservoirs. From an examination of 3 type reservoirs we may assume:— * 15,000 metres as the length of bank round 42,500,000 square metres. – A perfect square would be 4 LT2,500,000 = 14000 metres. – - A circle 2 VI2,50,000 × n = 2 × 3,500 × 1.8 = 12,600 metres. The average level of the country at the edge of the reservoir is at zero, and if there is 1 metre of water and 2 metres height of bank with 3 metre top- width and side slope 1 to 1+ area is 2 × 6 = 12 square metres. 15,000 × 12 = 180,000 square metres: as there is in every case nearly, an existing bank of more or less area, an assumption of 15,000 c. metres of existing bank leaves 165,000 c. metres, which is the mean of that of the 3 type reservoirs. . Earthwork 165,000 c. metres. The work could be generally executed at 15 millimes, but I enter 20 in the estimates. $ Staking. — 1 kilometre, 1500 stakes at 40 millimes... L. E. G0, - .# Labour. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . )) 20, - . Sowing willows and reeds and contingencies. . . . . . . . . . . X 20, - Total..... L.E. 100, - ". . iº.º.º.º.º. . . . … . . . . . . . . . . . . . ,- §§ º: *. 3. * ºf ... * ... " . . .”. A *. 3: .* º * *~. * $" * # :* * …?, º ~ * . . . ~ * * * ( + ** *** **** +...º. r *..., & % * 3: *, *, * * r , * *: * - 4. ... * * --> º: *%. & #, K. * . * * $ : 2. * **, *s, * : . . . . . . . ; -*. r .*.*, . ... § -- . . ** *, x+ } º wº * & . *** * :- * * * > . . . ." * > . • Swamp Reservoirs (continued). # z º.º. ºxº~ *. r * ... . . .383 . • - sº. Rate per kil L. E. 100.- § . . . Rate per kilometre L. E. , - - v. º: *** *. r $ $ * *... * ** * o - † *:: * There will be generally 2 inlet culverts and 4 outlet culvert. “. * § X. -* F} *. º, The feeding channel will not exceed as a rule 10,000 c. metres at 15 m/s L.E. 450/– *. 'The general estimate comes out as follows:— * . . . Earthwork . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165,000 at 20 m/m L.E. 3,200 A. Inlet culverts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 at L.E. 100 X - 200 • Outlet culvert. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A at X 100 X 400 Feeding channel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . X 150 Staking 15 kilometres at... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L. E. 100 X 1,500 .* L. E. 5,250 * Cº. º. Contingencies at 10/0. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . X Oć0 Total. . . . . L. E. 5,775 If the depth of water is made 1.50 metres the cost will be: — Earthwork . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 250,000 at 20 */m L. E. 5,000 Inlet culverts, etc.— . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . X 450 Staking 15,000 at L.E. 120 per 0/000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . - X 1,800 L. E. 7,250 While the water is increased in depth from .80" to 1.30”, or 60 per cent in quantity, the cost is only increased 30 per cent. - The deeper the reservoirs, the cheaper they will be ; but I assume shallow reservoirs at first on the score of safety. — 46 — • ‘ ** - . * gº A. - ? wº * ... , 33.5 zºº . . . .º.º. APPENDIX F. • . • **::::::: . . . . . sº : - - - º: Estimate of cost of remodelling canal system sº of Upper Egypt. * º -- $ …tº Main canals south of Asyſłł. - . . . . . Earthwork . . . . . . . . L. E. 666,000 * * º Contingent works. . . » 291,000 S- -- Masonry works . . . . » 76,000 L.E. 1,033,000 — L. E. 1,033,000 - • Main canals north of Asyūţ. Earthwork . . . . . . . . L. E. 154,000 .*. **- Masonry works . . . . » 66,000 — » 220,000 Minor Séfi canals for Upper Egypt. . . X 555,000 > Grand Total L. E. 1,808,000 Isna Barrage. ** :*- *. Canals taking off from the Upstream side of this Barrage are, the Right Isna canal which will irrigate to Kasr es Sayyād, and the left Isna canal which will irrigate up to Balianá. *. Right Isna canal commands 144,000 feddans; *|ard of the area × 40 cubic **. metres per day = 2,000,000 cubic metres per day. 3. *. A canal with a 14 metre bed width and 3 metres depth of water, or a canal with an 8 metre bed width and 4 metres depth of water will give this ` ſ *# . discharge with a slope of water surface of sºn. I prefer the latter. 25000" 2 : –47 – The minimum R. L. of upstream water at the Isna Barrage will be 77.30, so that with a 4" depth of water the R. L. of bed of canal will be 73.30. For all canals in Upper Egypt the final type section is as follows:– and all calculations will be made on this section. The result will be in excess of actual quantities and therefore on the safe side. The right Isna canal will follow the Killabiyah canal for 30 kilometres. This canal has a bed width of 10 metres for 20 kilometres and then 7 metres for 10 kilometres with a slope of ==. It will then follow the Maallah which 33333" has a bed width of 7 metres and slope of sº for 30 kilometres. For the next 30 kilometres it will follow the Bayyadiyah which has a bed width of 17 metres, a slope of sº Finally it will follow the Shanhüriyah which has a slope of iºn and bed with of 17 metres. The R. L. of bed at head of the Killabiyah canal is 77.80 gº # = - {-} — Maallah — is 75.50 | Final levels of gºmº * = -º * — Bayyadiyah — is 72.90 ( Sharākiproject. tºº tºmº ºn — Shanhûriyah— is 70.90 Estimale of earthwork Right Isna canal. — Referring to the three following sections it will be found from the calculations recorded against each section that the estimated quantities of earthwork are :— Killabiyah section, .. . . . . . . . . 3, 150,000 cubic metres. Maallah section . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,640,000 Bayyadiyah and Shanhûriyah .. 870,000 Total... 6,660,000 at 20 mill. = L. E. 133,200 Contingencies at 10 × 13,320 Total. . . 146,520 's s 3. KILLAB iMAH CANAL tº: - (AA E A N ) , • * x x \,\,\, \ * , &\, \, ', º, *. *. wº § \ NNN\\\\\ NNN N \ x N \ \ * \\ S \ N \ \ N,N - T. S SS. N N * X\ s, \ s & \\ \ NY sº N \\ N “S. \ N \\ N Nº \\ N N N N NºN N&N \ NN\\ X N * , \\\\\ NNN \\\\ N \, \ N *N *NN W § 22W, Tºº ºr Sºs: s *s? a šā > NAAA L L A H CAN AL X \\\\ &N ‘s ` º º V NY, N N \ —x x * N NºnV NNN Nº N. N.N.N S \ .N.S.N.S.N.S.N.NN N \, , , N . \\ , \\ \, ', 's NN NYNN A\,\,\,\, \,\ \,\, \"\\\\ \\\, \, \,\\\\\\\\\\\\ \ \, \\\\\\\ \ \\\\\ \\\\\\\ 30000×48 = 2.640000 a; 2.39 : g Q &= • - 33. Sºº & Xº, tº g -- * * sº (4 s ****** Sºx . *º g s - § º N s .* >. .* Aº Zayyadiya/, Aarºwork 30000x20–600000 -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - & Shanhûriya/ » 30000×9 =270000 - :-v-x-x-x x=-x-R-H-M § { S., \,\\ • * \\\\\\\\\\ \", \\ • * , , , v' \,\\ \,\,\ , , , , , *, *, *, * º , S \, \, x * (Same) /meſºe deep 3- * . * ... P. ... ." … " * ,- * * *, *. 5 , -t-. FÅDILIYAH , - ' ' , , " - – 49 – Left Isna Canal commands 150,000 feddans; /,rd of the area × 40 cubic metres per day = 2,000,000 cubic metres per day. º . A canal with an 8 metres bed width and 4 metres depth of water will give º • this discharge with a slope of water surface of ‘lºo. - The R. L. of bed of the canal is 73.30. - The Left Isna canal for the 1st 20 kilometres will be dug through original * soil at a R.L. of 84.00 at head and 80.00 at tail. At the 20th kilometres * it will fall into the Asphan canal with a bed width of 12 metres and fall - of 'lison: It will follow the Asphūn for 30 kilometres and then fall into the Fadilia with a bed width of 12 metres and slope of “lesono. It will follow the Fadilia for 30 kilometres and then fall into the Tukh canal and follow it for 30 kilometres. s The R. L. at head of Asphün canal is 75.80 sº- -> Fadilia canal is 73. 10 - — – Tukh canal is 70.60 Estimate of earthwork. ~ 1st 20 kilometres 20,000 × 15.2 × 7.2 = 2,189,000 cubic metres. Asphün canal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . º 1,560,000 — - Fadilia and Tukh canals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 720,000 - Total. . . 4,469.000 cubic metres. 4,470,000 cubic metres at 20 mill. . . . . . . L.E. 89,400 Contingencies at 10 °lo. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . » 8,940 Total. . . L. E. 98,310 A a º E25-25-2:F2I. • . #3% GE32×5:32 = 2× C. // Aº z º - º - §3%.5 23S-5S ºv, 2 / / º iºs ºšº- *// 4% &fsse tºss *//, //; .* // A. &E * %;??” 2.5 T - r A £ & 2.3% Üsº SN Sº- F-º - SRhºvº." Sº Y ~ Af #% sº ... º. Ø: §ºvº's - A غs: t - - * * * - // ,”; ;º *S* <------ 6 %. ºs-- jó000 X.52 .* - - - - - - — — — — — — 3. Ž , , / º ż EºNº & ^ J w - | Z, = $sº * ** - A / f 5 ºf : A t t f • 'º Z a ,’ - * % * * y f º * ," " º Sºs /////A *NS-r º: / r A 'A' A' A' A / A // / . % % % A/ % ///, % / /// // / % % /// Ž = ///////// % A///// ////////////º A / / ,” % - - '/ KS: - 'A'////////, //////// Zºš © tº: §§§§§ š §: ss=sºsºsºsº. º § §§§ * sº = 23:2SS-S->Eºs &##$$$$ºś A&a. Ž ~! A gº **S*** sº sº s sº 62 Z/ ZVO. Z% ºf C-2 zºº ſo Zºº & AE/. 2 * - .2 & (? &jºj º Cººrºº º § $ S. ..?. Arº/ . Z. ſº £º Aº * tºº." & £3. 3 S$ *: & - - * * * %.º.” % Žº Z%# 30000x 4 =/20000 %a/Moooºo-oooooo º *-* #&@º’s zºº -, gºs 20 Y’. f - • . º r - * A r º g- º º º ,’ & A 72%3S3: Sº %3 , Z gºš 3. N* = Z.560 000 – A/. — 50 - Canals taking off from the Upstream side ofthis barrage are, the Right Dishna º canal which will irrigate to Abnáb, and the Left Dishna canal which will irri- ºg Right Dishna canal commands 140,000 feddans; ‘lºrd of the area. X. by 40 º •.” * . cubic metres per day = 1,900,000 cubic metres per day. . . . . . . A canal with an 8 metre bed width and 4 metres depth of water and a slope ºf of ‘lssono will discharge this. g . . . . The minimum R. L. of upstream water at the Dishna barrage will be 66.00, > so that with a 4" depth of water the R. L. of bed of canal will be 62.00. The Right Dishna canal for its 1st 4 kilometres will traverse original . . . ground at R. L. 70.50 and then fall into the Gilási canal at its 18th kilome- . . . tre. The R. L. of the Gilási here is 67.20 and its bed width 14 metres. It will follow the Gilási for 14 kilometres and then for 8 kilometres it will traverse original soil at R. L. 68.50. It will then fall into the Tarif canal with its R. L. at head at 65.30, bed width 10 metres and slope “ſ,sooo. After following the Tarif for 20 kilometres it will fall into the Hawis with a R. L. of bed at head of 63.90, bed width 13 metres and slope "I,.... After following the Hawis for 25 kilometres it will traverse original soil for 25 kilometres at R. L. G4.00. Then it will traverse the Mahgar Lahawia for 2 kilometres and fall into the Lahawia canal with its bed at R. L. 59.40, bed width 10 metres and slope ‘lºo. After 17 kilometres it will fall into the Aisawia with its bedwidth 14 metres, R. L. of bed 57.30 and slope */soooo. Estimate of Earthwork. - 1st 4 kilometres, 4,000 × 16.5 × 8.5 . . . . . . . . . . = 560,000 . Gilási. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . * * * * * a s e e s a e e s • e e 1,400,000 Kilo 18 – 26, 8,000 × 15.5 × 7.5. . . . . • . . . . . = 930,000 Tarif. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,520,000 Hawis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,300,000 Kilo 65 - 90, 25,000 × 13 × 5.............. = 1,625,000 Lahawia . . . . . . . . . tº e º e s e s e s a . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165,000 - 7,500,000 Earthwork 7,500,000 at 20. L.E. 150,000 Contingencies at 10 °l... . . . . » 15,000 - . . - Total... L. E. 165,000 AP/ A L. A/. R Z. R Z. RA, . AEarthwork /4000 × 86 = Z20%000 . { 90 {} 3, 60 40 40 00 3, 20 f : 620 60.20 ..? 9 f 62. () (/ 63 62, 00 Jó 5 A.520 000 46 5 70 (700 A, 300 * sº-sº 20000 × 76 s ºf *...* f º R. º," 2. sº $. % 25000 × 32 :,:№é \！！！！!！ < *, *.*.*. . . jº º ºr " ... • • grº * , … * , , ,- ‘, "A. HILASI ; ſ’’.“ * 3- r : * x * . . .”.” < - - *. $3. > - - * - .. - . . • ** * * * — 52 — . . . . . . s. × 40 = 4,000,000 cubic metres per day. x * - . . . . . . . . . ; The Left Dishna Canal commands 300,000 feddans; A canal with 18 metres bed width and 4 metres depth of water will give this sal co- a 1 disharge on a slope of 25000. * The R. L. of bed of canal will be therefore 66.00 — 4.00 = 62.00. The left Dishna canal will follow the Rannan canal for 25 kilometres. The º R.L. of bed of Rannan is 66.37 and width 17 metres with a slope of ºn After . 25000" leaving the Rannan capal the left Dishna will traverse the Samhúd basin for º º 36 kilometres with R. L. of ground beginning at 67 R. L. and ending at R. L. 65.00. It will then fall into the 27th kilometre of the Rishwania. - The Rishwania at its head has a R. L. of bed of 63.46, slope of sº and , 250t. bed width 19 metres. After 3 kilometres in the Rishwania it will fall into the Zarzuria whose R. L. of bed is 60.86, slope w and bed width 17 me- U00 - - tres. After following the Zarzuria for 30 kilometres it will fall into th Gergawia whose R. L. of bed is 59.50, slope sº and bed width 18 metres. It will follow the Girgawia for 33 kilometres and then fall into the Sohagia with a R. L. of bed of 56.50 and Tahtewia with a R. L. of bed 56.34. Estimate of earthwork. tannan canal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3,625,000 Samhud basin 36,000 × 24 × 6 = . . . . . . tº e º e º e º 'º e º 'º e & 5,184,000 Rashwania . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . * - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -, - 106,000 Zarzuria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,560,000 Girgawia . . . . . . . . . a s • * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * . . . . . . 1,155,000 s 14,630,000 Earthwork 11,630,000 at 20 mill: = L. E. 232,600 Contingencies at... . . . . . . . . . . . . sº tº e º 'º º » 10|- 23.260 * Total... L. E. 255,860 lºrd of the area: * （ < ：< S. § §§Q： SS 3.S> ！•· x, \*&ºSNQ SNI SS }}，SStº 000 6 2 /-y 2, 25,000 - 143 3.62 * &ťºg, ■ && < }， -{ |- -• - -1*… -· · · ·• , , ， * ? * *~> '.&<ſ: * ,' ' }}（) ----، ،*• · *+• • „ſ-º ！----، • **- - . ;* · -- ！ *- • ، ، * <--+ ?- * ·- -* .^ ^•(/) • .• Ź.+ *~ -ſw+ * , ！-<ſ， |-|-* -- -} • •--|׺.ſ. ºv. |--4 . {|-: :-- ' ,-•+* , × ± •W *{ ș ~ " … »+, ， „…” … * * * .«{ -· *|- v} ',* - a • ^*r-- “）.{ \,·*�» . ，,4 ^· • ×w { •· * * · · · · · · ș¿?'~ * … +• • ... *- |-, * ！ ; “ · · * ， , , ; ; ; ）, A’/. 62. 4 ,000 Z06 3000 × 5.2 w rº-ºº: S$5 2 32; 㺠*sº Yº ſ' -- A. A. ZARZ URIYAH * A’/ . AºA. , 9. j" 60. 9 .* *. Z 4 A 560, 00 -º-º-º-º: --e- 0,000 × 72 3 f ſae;řš. |%% ſae \\\\\）\$\.jſ' }}\\$&'）; |-}）;！”- *ſ*.. \\} wzų *A. A. † *4 A A. GIR GAWIYAH -** w * * * + * t ** * ~ * * -. * * r º < * .." * jºr -: * ~ * º * ~ _*...rº × - 2, .. 2 Lt. Col Ross, C. M. G., Inspector General of Irrigation, recommends t at ^.” -*** ºw º most of these canals, notably the Kilibia and Rannan, be left alone at their º: $º º' x *ś heads and the new Sefi canals be dug independently of them, as the existing . . . tº: canals will be useful for carrying on the high level, water; while, the new *3 canals dug in the original soil will not cost more. Of course this recom- : * mendation will be followed, but the original estimates are left here, as they in every case are maximum quantities. Summing up; the earthwork of the 4- º: canals will cost as follows:– "- ~ * Right Isna . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L. E. 146,520 . Left Isna . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . X 98,340 - -3- Right Dishna. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . » 165,000 * Letf Dishna. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . » 255,860 . . . Grand Total... L.E. 665,720 Contingent Works. - Besides this earthwork there will be the following charges for additional - work :— Puddling Mahgar Dendar canal on the left Isna canal *- 9,000 × 20 × 1/, - 90,000 cubic metres at 200 mill.... L. E. 180,000 Strengthening Mahgars Tarif and Haridi on Right Dishna » 50,000 - Rock cutting Mahgar Lahaiwia on Right Dishna * , 2,000 X 80 = 160,000 at 80 mill. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . say > 13,000 - Rock cutting GEBEL TUKH º * *-* * Ž ! t --- * Sº, º* Cont t 20 L. E. *::::: * ££2%% 2 º' °/o 48,000 -. %%% %% Uonungencies a / E. 294 ; #, Masonry works will be needed in addition to the large number already built on the Sharaki loan. A - *- -Z % 3 Canal Heads at L. E. 4,000 = . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L. E. 12,000 1 Canal Head at > 7,000 = . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • X 7,000 Regulators on 600 kilometres of canal 20 at L. E. 2,000. . L. E. 40,000 Syphons 4 at L. E. 2,500 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . » 10,000 * L. E. 69,000- Contingencies 10"/, X 7,000 L. E. 76,000 - * ***** * - -3. 3.; *e. &º 2 : Sºzº. §§§ ººº... : A' " ". . . . . . . . * * wº §§§ º * ºt £º • { 3 - “ *…*** *. tº º: ***ś. **.*.*:::::3% * * * * * § 3: § .* & sºrºr º º * Af 3. * 3 ; ... * *śº §º º J * * *::: **, * lººrs "… "s *ºr * r 3. ºr. 3’ & t *. 3. § * 3. * Af * < *ś & * $.” & * šº * > * ~ * -- fººt tºº ** 3. º: vºº * º * *...* * ,- * *- * •r. x :* $º. y 3. 3. * *- ** º: *s ; *...* gº ºrne total estimate for the main canals south of Assiſit is therefore as 㺠follows:– “.. . . . Earthwork. . . .............. L. E. 666,000 ...” * . Contingent works. . . . . . . . . . . » 291,000 * *** Masonry works............. 2 76,000 ~ . * * 4. L. E. 1,033,000 * $, * ; s #* : rº, *4.A.** *&& :§t **'.: * º * * -- . The Assiout Barrage. From the upstream side of the Assiout Barrage there will be no canal on the right bank. On the left bank the existing Ibrahimieh canal will be the conveying channel for the irrigating water as far as Deirut, from there the - Bahr Yusuf and the Ibrahimia canal will carry on the supply. $ Ibrahimia canal.—Area commanded 1,200,000 feddans, */, area × 40 = ... 16,000,000 cubic metres per day. The R. L. of maximum summer supply upstream of the Assiout Barrage vill be 48.50. Taking the R. L., of the bed of the Ibrahimia canal at 43.50 and slope at sº and width of bed 50 metres, the canal will be capable of discharging 50 per cent more than the maximum supply it needs to carry. This canal will need no expenditure. The Bahr Yussef also will need no earthwork as far as * Lahoun. Earthwork. — From Lahoun to Gizen will be needed, a canal 100 kilome- tres in length with a mean section of 70 square metres. Total earthwork 7,000,000 at 20 mill. = L. E. 140,000 Contingencies at 10 °/s –. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . » 14,000 L. E. 154,000 Masonry works : — 2 regulators on the Bahr Yussef at... L. E. 15,000 = L. E. 30,000 & 15 regulators on smaller canals at . . . » 2,000 )) 30,000 L. E. 60,000 - Contingencies at 10 °/o- . . . . . . . . . . . . . • • . . . . . )) 6,000 L. E. 66,000 The cost of works on main canals north of Assiout, will be therefore : — - Earthwork . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L. E. 154,000 - Masonry work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . » 66,000 L.E. 220,000 **- & 2, 3 ** ** * ammº r" tº v, * : * Minor Canals for Upper Egypt. --- Lower Egypt with a fully developed summer irrigation system, has 7970 *. x+3 ºx.” s, ºf º * sº ,” ... .º. Ajº. A: , *::: * tº: 3. * a. * * > 3;. * † 3. *3: $. - * * * * *- .* º, * 3. rº > * & º # º * kilometres of summer canals for the irrigation of 2,740,000 feddans or 350 . feddans per kilo of canal. Upper Egypt with 1,940,000 acres on the above mentioned canals will require at the same rate 5,500 kilometres of minor and major canals. The larger existing canals, are 1,800 kilometres in length, so that 3700 kilomé- tres of canal will have to be constructed on the outside. From the slope of Upper Egypt, a smaller proportion of canals will be needed for Upper Egypt than for Lower Egypt, but it is better in an estimate to consider the 3700 extra kilometres as necessary. These minor canals will cost L. E. 150 per kilometre and their total cost will be :— 3700 kilometres at L. E. 150 = L.E. 555,000 Adding up the total cost therefore we find as follows: — ** Main canals South of Assiout. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L. E. 1,033,000 Main canals north of Assiout. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . )) 220,000 Minor Canals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . X 555,000 Total cost..... L.E. 1,808,000 * * 24 º, t * * z * * * *š. ~, ºr < * , *- * * * * f : APPENDIX G. Contents of the Assuán &md Kalabsha reservoirs. * . . . * * C. Contents in metres. º: `. # Assuan — Kalabsha ...”. Below R. L. 100.00 — 370,000,000 — 126,000,000 * , , , X) » 110.00 — 1,710,000,000 — 1,027,000,000 , s X » 112.00 — 2,139,000,000 — 1,350,000,000 3: ) » 114.00 —, 2,627,000,000 — 1,728,000,000 X » 115.00 — 2;904,000,000 — 1,950,000,000 . . . R. L. Summer water level at ASSuán cataract. . . . . . . . . . . . 90.00 ) )) » at Kalabsha ) . . . . . . . . . . . . 93.00 N.B. — These totals have been obtained by deductiug the contents of *> sections N* 120, 180, 210, 220, 250, and 304 from the final additions. The sections were in excess of the actual requirements. f Areas of Cross Sºtions () of the Nile Valley Sºuth of Asslän at DistánGES Of Kilométré, tº FROM R L. FROM R.L. N° | BELOW. R.L.I FROM R.L. FROM R.I., . . . . or kilo 100 100 to 110110 to 112112 to 114|114 to 115| * North of Kalabsha. * . . 1 9683,20 | 13720,00 || 3305,00 3495,00 1773,00 31976,20 2 7964,00 | 16172,50 || 4670,00 4790,00 2447,00 36043,50 3 5335,00 | 6870,00 | 1595,00 | 1625,00 827,50 | 16252,50 4 6450,50 | 8300,00 || 1765,00 || 1785,00 896,50 | 19197,00 5 4560,00 6250,00 1350,00 1360,00 687,50 14207,50 6 4800,00 5575,00 | 1175,00 | 1195,00 606,50 13351,50 7. 4128,00 || 5000,00 || 1045.00 | 1055,00 532,50 11760,50 8 4061,25 || 4875,00 1025,00 | 1038,00 524,00 11523,25 9 5560,00 | 6675,00 || 1410,00 1430,00 722,50 15797,5() 1() 6432,50 8830,00 2025,00 2075,00 | 1042,50 20405,06) 11 373,50 5225.00 1120,00 | 1135,00 572,00 | 8425,50 12 5710,50 | 7732,00 | 1647,00 | 1653,00 $28,00 17570,50 3 4278,00 | 7267,50 | 1375,00 1405,00 705,00 15030,50 14 4623.00 | 6600,00 1425,00 1430,00 715,00 14793,00 15 4416,00 6313,50 || 1410,00 1435,00 727,50 14302,00 16 5193,00 7760,00 || 1755,00 1760,00 880,00 17348,00 17 5070,50 | 8707,50 | 2065,00 2175,00 | 1122,50 19140,50 18 7023.25 | 10982,50 2570,00 2615,00 1317,25 24508,00 19 5346,50 | 7610,00 | 1660,00 | 1680,00 847,50 17144,00. 2 3892,50 6560,00 | 1525,00 1575,00| 805,00 14357,50 21 3832,50 | 6849,50 1565,00 | 1600,00 815.00 14662,00 22 7194,50 | 8922,50 2075,00 2095,00 || 1065,00 21352,00 23 3982,00 6112,50 | 1610,00 1670,00 || 857,50 14232,00 24 4936,00 7815,00 | 1875,00 1930,00 985,00 17541,00 25 3816,00 | 6455,00 1520,00 1560,00 795,00 14146,0) 26 4276,00 7535,00 2795,00 2870,00 1452,50 18928,50 27 5667,00 | 11015,00 2635,00 2710,00 1382,50 23409,50 28 3146,00 | 9105,00 2150,00 2195,00 | 1115,00 17711,00 29 4285,00 9090,00 2440,00 2770,00 1500,00 20085,00 30 4661,50 | 9335,00 2450,00 || 2520,00 1285,00 || 20251,50 31' 4470.50 9440,00 2290,00 2375,00 1215,00 19790,50 32 4670,00 9965,00 2740,00 2970,00 1522,50 21867,50 33 5893,00 | 10175,00 2600,00 2660,00 || 1360,00 22688,00 34 5432,75 10680,00 2785,00 2905,00 1507,50 23310,25 35 4875,00 9150,00 2610,00 2950,00 | 1510,00 21095,00 36 4702,50 | 8487,50 2100,00 2220,00 1157,50 18667,50 37 4458,00 || 7920,00 1875,00 1935.00 990,00 17178,00 3 3900,00 || 7640,00 1850,00 1900,00 965,00 16255,00 39. 4000,60 7782,50 | 1855,00 | 1905,00 967,00 16510,60 4() 3815.50 | 7935,00 | 1965,00 2040,00 | 1037,50 16793,00 41 3811,75|| 7770,00 | 2060,00 2175,00 1125,00 16941.75 42 3293.75 | 6810.00 | 1935,00 2060,00 | 1075,00 15173,75 43 4450,75 8312,50 2085,00 2260,00 | 1192,25 1830),5') 44 4816,00 9537,00 2220,00 || 2390,00 1265,00 20228,00 (*) These sections are carried up the side of the valley above present flood. BELOW. R.L. FROM R.L. FROM R.L. FROM R.L. FROM R.L. 100 100 to 110110 to 112||112 to 114|114 to 115| * 45 4211,20 | 8630,00 2030.00 | 2075,00 || 1065,00 18011,20 46 4294,00 9662,00 2465,00 2560,00 || 1345,0) 20326,00 47 || 4860,00 || 13285,00 2655,00 2725,00 | 1392,00 24917,00 48 4941,00 || 13760,00 || 3630,00 3685,00 1860,00 27876,00 49 || 1139,00 3410,00 515,00 545,00 282,50 5891,50 50 2033,00 | 8345,00 || 1455,00 || 1455,00 || 745,00 13988,00 51 3015.00 6467,50 | 2080,00 2080,00 | 1080,00 14627,50 52 4137.25 | 7262,50 | 1915,00 | 1915.00 972,50 16152,25 53 2915,50 | 6250,00 1900,00 | 1900,00 980,00 13870,50 Total. 244833,75 437936,50 | 106382,00 | 110316,09 || 56443,50 | 955911,75 South of Kalabsha. 54 3155,00 8575,00 2118,00 2200,00 1130,00 17178,00 55 2806,20 5537,50 | 1255,00 | 1285,00 652,30 11536,00 56 2806,20 5537,50 | 1255,00 | 1285.00 652,30 11536,0ſ) 57 2806.20 5537,50 | 1255,00 | 1285,00 652,30 11536,00 58 2806,20 5537,50 | 1255,00 | 1285,00 652,30 11536,00 59 || 2380,07 || 4605,00 975,00 985,00 597,50 9442,57 60. 2556,84 || 4337,50 990,00 | 1015,00 517,50 9416,84 61 2147,22 | 4085,00 920,00 943,00 481,50 8576,72 62 1268,25 5207,50 | 1337,0) || 1377,00 705,00 9894,75 63 2885,00 || 5550,00 | 1210,00 | 1240,00 633,00 11518,00 64 2877,15 5980,00 | 1290,00 | 1305,00 657,00 12109,15 65 3199.80 | 6822,50 1555,00 | 1588,00 806,00 13971,30 66 2714,95 || 650 ),00 1605,00 1660,00 855,00 13334,95 67 2363,08 || 6818 50 2050,00 2095,00 1052,00 14378,58 68 1653,90 || 5198,00 | 1320,00 1333,00 72,00 10176,90 69 2109,35 | 5815,00 | 1290,00 | 1310,00 662,50 11186,85 70 2521,50 5650,00 | 1215,00 | 1230,00 622,00 11239,00 71. 1969.45 5894,00 | 1330,00 1330,00 | 665,00 11188,45 72 2574,00 5970,00 | 1320,00 1340,00 77,50 11881,50 73 2548,00 5990,00 1435,00 1500,00 770,00 12243,00 74. 1811,85 5218,01 || 1310,00 1360,00 695,00 10394,85 75 1465,30 4875,00 | 1220,00 | 1260,00 645,00 9465,30 76 1872,40 5760,00 | 1190,00 | 1335,00 687,00 98.44,40 77. 2019.70 || 5325,00 || 1310,00 1355.00 695,00 10704,70 78. 1806,45 4585,00 1080,00 | 1110,00 570,00 9151,45 79 1960,00 || 4687,50 1030,00 | 1045,00 527,50 9250,00 80 2004,00 4975,00 | 1160,00 | 1210,0) 625,00 9974,00 81 2028,00 5058,0') 1155,00 1180,00 600,00 10021,00 82 2376,00 5925,00 | 1155,00 | 1180,00 603,00 11241,00 83 2041,07 6017,50 | 1270,00 || 1315,00 672,50 11316,07 , 84 2136,61 6295,00 1715,00 | 1820,00 947,50 12914,11 85 1700,50 | 6095,0.) | 1205,00 | 1250,00 637,50 9888.00 86 1856,25 5270,00 | 1525,00 1640,00 847,50 || 11138,75 87 2231,90 | 6622,50 | 189),00 2110,00 | 1130,00 13984,40 88 1121,25 7110,00 1500,00 | 1530,00 775,00 12036,25 89 2798,12 || 7955,00 || 1740,00 || 1760,00 887,50 | 1514),62 – 60 — N° | BELOW. R.L. | FROM R.L. | FROM R.L. | FROM R.L. | FROM R.L. 1." OF KILO 100 |100 TO 110|110 TO 112|112 To 114|114 TO 115|.. 90 2892,25 8680,00 2067,00 2125,00 1087,50 16851,75. 91 2881,12 9050,00 2605,00 2680,00 1365,00 18581,12. 92 2631,50 | 10115,00 2895,00 2995,00 1532,00 20168,50 93 3176,40 || 11675,00 3310,00 3400,00 1730,00 23291,40. 94 1719,24 9460,00 2440,00 || 2750,00 1422,0) 17791,24 95 2062,50 8615,00 2140,00 2215,00 1132,00 | 16164,50 96 1664,00 6582,00 || | 1585,00 | 1615,00 822,50 12268,50 97. 1898,75 6915,00 1560,00 1610.00 820,00 12803,75. 98 1725,0ſ) 6355,00 || 1575,00 1675,00 855,00 | 12185,00 99 1529,50 5840,00 1450,00 1530,00 792,50 11135,00 100 1552,50 7075,00 1690,00 2250,00 1232,50 13800,00 .. 101 1423,50 7140,00 2210.00 2605,00 1368,00 14746,50 102 1625,00 7915.00 2260,00 2510,00 1325,00 15635,00 103 1(){}2,00 7363,00 2035.00 2325,00 1230,00 13955,00. 104 12)7,50 7010,00 1745,00 1950,00 1063,00 12975,50 105. 1248.50 | 6691,00 | 1625,00 1750,00 940,00 | 12254,50 106 1197,00 6425,00 1585,00 1725,00 934,00 11866,00. 106 905,0ſ) 5950,00 1320,00 1395,00 750,00 10320,00 108 1187.75 720),00 3235,0) 3740,00 1915,00 17277,75 109 734,50 5375,0) 3170,00 377().00 1973,00 15022,50 11() 777,50 6435,00 3795,00 4045,00 || 2125,0) 17177,50 111 544,0) 5050,00 3140,00 3880,00 || 2045,00 | 14659,00 112 812,00 6910,00 2980,00 3450,00 1880,00 16032,00 113 812.00 6910,00 2980,00 3450,00 1880,00 16032,00 114. 956,25 8202,00 2900,00 366),00 2075,00 17793,25 115 76,50 7945,00 2830,00 3330,00 1780,00 16861,50 116 976,50 7945,00 2830,00 3330,00 1780,00 16861,50 117 34,50 7952,00 2495,00 3110,00 1632,50 15924,00 118 612,00 6315,00 2875,00 2975,00 || 1513,00 14290,00 119 387,75 5312,50 2665,00 2890,00 1507,25 12762,50s 120 338,00 5780,00 257),00 3005,00 || 1568,00 13261,00 1.21 263,00 7530,00 2960,00 3115,00 1613,00 15484,00 122 156,00 10739,50 2870,00 || 3095,00 | 1613,00 18473,50 123 329,00 | 10562,0) 2630,00 || 2890,00 1515,00 17926,00. 124 432.00 | 8278,00 2075,00 2480,00 | 1277,00 14542,00 125 276,25 || 6390,00 1860,00 2310,00 1240,00 12076,25 126 251.25 5817.30 1510,00 | 1835,00 1070,00 10483,45 127 190,00 5732.9) 1345,00 1580,00 890,00 9735,90 128 180,00 5753,2) 1350,00 1580,00 825,00 9688,20 129 120,0') 4797,30 | 1125,00 1250,00 650,00 7942,30 13ſ) 86,00 || 5152,30 1120,00 | 1330,00 762,50 8450,80 131 84,00 5082,40 1105,0) || 1305,00 732,60 8309,00 132 80,00 4659,64 1180,00 1690,00 892,36 8502,00 133 40,50 4785,54 1355,00 1720,00 895,00 8796,04. 134 44,50 5192,20 1125,00 1785,00 950,00 6096,70. 1:35 " . . 5618,20 1330,00 1695,00 875,00 9520,20 136 5133,30 1240.00 1485,00 | 812,00 8670.30 137 4847,80 1055,00 1201,00 752,00 7855,80 13 4517,64 1198,00 1363,00 700,00 7778,64 . . . . 4x - ** - * * 3. .8 7 , - w No ." t A-' R w- r # . - : â - : iſ? " , mannen aan - - men' 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 , 161 162 163 164 . . 165 166 w 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 18!) 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 151 | | ***, 4. . - 2 - BELOW R. L. oF KILo| | FROM R.L. FROM R.L. FROM R. L. FROM R.L. r 100 |100 to 110|110 to 112|112 To 114|114 to 115| " . | 4989,62 | 1120,00 | 1345,00 | 690,00 8144,62 de o D. 4894,10 | 1060,00 | 1270,00 | 645,00 7869,10 - - - 5783,87 | 1290,00 | 1527,00 | 863,13 9464,00 • • • 5498.34 | 1210,00 | 1430,00 | 865,00 8973,34 op te g 4310,40 | 1065,00 | 1230,00 | 702,50 7307 91) . | 3855,20 | 940,00 | 1130,00 | 605,00 653), 20 . | 3292,50 | 750,00 | 790,00 | 450,00 | 5282,50 # 4048,75 | 945,0) | 1070,00 | 545,00 | 6608,75 . | | 4013,67 | 970,00 | 1090,00 | 575,00 | 6648,67 e 4334,72 | 1015,00 | 1348,00 | 716,28 | 7414,00 ſo. 4628,47 | 1082,00 | 1195,00 | 613,00 7518,47 . | | 5113,87 | 1220,00 | 1255,00 | 668,13 8257,00 4659,60 | 1060,00 | 1176,00 | 690,00 7585,60 g 4351,10 | 990,00 | 1030,00 | 548,00 6919,10 an 4626,90 | 1085,00 | 1195.00 | 668,00 7574,90 e 4478,00 | 1130,00 | 1205,00 | 633,00 7446,00 e 4698,50 | 1130,00 | 1210,00 | 647,00 7685,50 &# 4820,4ſ) | 1175,00 | 1250,00 | 639,00 7884,40 C. 4512,50 | 1128,00 | 1180,00 | 645,00 | 7465,5%) . | | 4135,90 | 1035,00 | 1127,50 | 615,00 | 6913,40 ge 4626,00 | 1205,00 | 1355,00 | 715,00 7901,0() . | | 4853,38 | 1180,00 | 1385,00 | 785,00 8203,38 d 5311,80 | 1330,00 | 1520,00 | 837,50 | 8999,30 op CD als 5144,55 | 1210,00 | 1395,00 | 825,00 8574,55 op wº en 4960,75 | 1230,00 | 1400,00 | 788,00 S378,75 op 5790,10 | 1425,00 | 1640,00 | 955,00 9810,10 g, 5474,60 | , 1310,00 | 1330,00 | 575,00 8789,60 to 4530,62 | 1342,00 | 1482,00 | 832,50 81S7 12 5161,00 | 1550,00 | 1712,00 | 970,00 9393,0) 5201,04 | 1414,00 | 1430,00 | 733,00 778,04 5725,10 | 1530,00 | 1553,00 | 84'),00 9648,10 5666.50 | 1540,00 | 1583,00 | 870,00 9659,50 5744,80 | 158),00 | 1635,00 | 892,50 9852,30 4759,75 | 1385,00 | 1585,00 | 870,00 8599,75 4046,00 | 1145,00 | | 1530,00 | 820,00 7541,0%) 4158,00 | 1360,00 | 1530,00 | 852,00 790),0%) e 4584,50 | 1480,00 | 1565,00 | 865,00 8494,5ſ) tºn 4588,25 | 1700,00 | 1750,00 | 90ſ),00 8938,25 o 5856,0) | 1730,00 | 1750,00 | 885,00 | 10221,00 d 5430,50 | 1657,00 | 1752,00 | 852,00 9691,50 t 5246,70 | 1530,00 | 1640,00 | 892,30 9309,00 ©e 3955,00 | 1230,00 | 1377,00 | 825,00 7387,00 tºp 4899,00 | 1560.00 | 1725,00 | 945,00 9129,00 • 2782,25 | 1450,00 | 1670,00 | 841,00 6743,25 2207,40 | 1428,00 | 1555,00 | 832,60 6023,00 4005,45 | 1340,00 | 1450,00 | 793,00 7588,45 3839,50 | 1355,00 | 1470,00 | 790,00 7454,50 4242,90 | 1355,00 | 1412,00 | 775,00 7784,90 3735,00 | 1235,00 | 1250,00 | 658,00 | 6878,00 - G? — N° | BELOW. R.L.I FROM R.L. FROM R.L. FROM R.L. | FROM R.L. º or kio 100 100 to 110110 to 112112 to 114|114 to 115| * 188 || te 2740,10 | 1017,00 1105,00 608,00 5470;10 189 sº 3327,8.) | 1110,00 1125,00 567,50 6130,30 19.) tº 3247,80 | 1078.00 || 1085,00 547,50 5958,30 191 e 3224,00 | 1085,00 | 1100,00 566,50 | 5975,50 192 3162,00 | 1068,00 || 1083,00 547,50 5860,50 193 2699,25 903,00 923,00 470,00 4995,25 194 3935,80 1422,00 1464,00 776,00 7597,80 195 3240,00 || 1410,00 1430,00 725,00 6805,00 196 2986,00 | 1260,00 | 1290,08 719,00 6255,00 197 3245,75 | 1270,00 1335,00 685,00 6535,75 198 3224.80 1175,00 1186,00 600,20 6186.00 199 2984,05 || 1050,00 | 1070,00 571,00 5675,05 200 3124,25 | 1275,00 | 1290,00 680,00 6369.25 201 sº 3405,5() | 1285,00 1312,00 682,00 6684,50 202 & 3363,00 | 1220,00 | 1235,00 632,50 6450,50 203 *- 2961.25 | 1310,00 1350,00 690 00 6311,25 204 e 2751,30 | 1260,00 | 1275,00 680,70 5967,00 205 g 2998,40 | 1175,00 | 1205,00 670,00 6048,40 206 gº 2610,25 1165,00 1195,00 608,75 5579,00 207 * 3229,85 || 1390,00 1405,00 706,15 6731,00 208 & 3528,56 1435,00 1445,00 982,50 7391,00 209 & 3238,00 1443,00 1732,50 | 1134,00 7547,50 210 wº 2433,50 1445,00 || 1450,00 1070,00 6398,50 211 g 2599,00 | 1537,00 1597,00 803,50 6536,50 212 • * 2521,65 1780,0') 1792,00 902,35 6996,00 213 * 2093,00 | 1620,00 1635,00 822,50 6170,50 214 2527,50 | 1510,00 | 1530,00 835,00 6398,00 215 2706,30 | 1610,00 1630,00 885,50 6831,80 . 216 2993,00 | 1535,00 1565,00 792,50 6885,50 217 1470,05 || 1340,00 || 1365,00 693,00 4868,05 218 1840,00 945,00 975,00 496,50 4256,50 219 2136,00 1102,00 || 1125,00 565,00 4928,00 22() g 2346,50 || 1493,00 1590,00 821,00 625ſ),50 221 o 2274,60 | 1320,00 1827,00 || 1007,40 6429,00 222 o 1908,94 2163,00 || 2305,00 | 1158,06 7535,00 223 * > 4231,40 2435,00 2465,00 | 1250,00 10381,40 224 ſº 3279,75 1930,00 | 1950,00 982,25 8142,00 225 º 2612,70 1575,00 | 1585,00 800,30 6573,00 226 * 2160,10 | 1352,00 || 1377,00 922,00 5811,10 227 tº 1520,00 || 1400,00 1735,00 875,00 5530,00 - 228 c 1102,00 1445,00 | 1605,00 862,50 5014,50 . . . 229 g 1062,50 1480,00 | 1842,50 995,00 5380,00 230 sº 1412,75 1417,00 1727,00 | 1024,25 5581,00 231 g 2153,00 2160,00 224.5,00 | 1140,00 7698,00 232 ſe 2331,00 || 1780,00 | 1845,00 939,00 6895,00 233 tº 2775,90 1545,00 1575,00 || 800,10 6697.00 234 ſe 2530,20 1455,00 || 1485,00 752,80 6223,00 235 e 1206,25 | 1020,00 | 1060,00 545,75 3832,00 236 © 1026,00 845,0) 860,0) 435,00 3165,00 gº & # : .# 3: 3 sº ºr ºf • * , 4. ...: ... . 3. — 63 —. * N° | BELOW. R.L.j FROM R.L. FROM R.L. | FROM R.L. FROM R.L. of Kilol 100 100 to 110110 to 112112 to 114|114 to 115| * 237 * 836,40 730,00 750,00 382,60 2699,00 238 º 928,00 857,00 875,00 442,50 3102,50 239 º 1350,50 1495,00 1525,00 772,50 5143,00 240 wº 2073,75 2095,00 2125,00 1075,00 7368,75 241 1583,75 1675,00 1735,00 865,25 5829,00 242 1210,00 | 1315,00 1345,00. 690,00 4560,00 243 992,75 1256,00 1335,00 680,00 4263,75 244 841,50 1107,00 1147,00. 587,50 3633.00 245 713,15 1024,00 1050.00 534,00 3321,15 246 909,50 1340,00 1380,00 702,50 4332.00 247 878,40 1188,00 1215,00 618,00 3899,4() 248 861,60 1114,00 1132,00 | 572,40 3680,00 249 663,75 928.00 950,00 483.25 3025.00 250 581,00 865,00 895,00 457,50 2798,50 251 604,50 965,00 99),00 502,50 3032.00 252 531,00 935,00 965,0) 494,00 2925,00 253 558,00 1065,00 1103,00 561,50 3287.50 254 305,00 994,50 1137,00 577,50 3014.00 255 623,25 1415,00 1440,00 73'),00 4208.25 256 478,00 1290,0') 1330,00 680,00 3778.(){} 257 180,25 750.00 1050,25 682,50 2663,00 258 113,50 527,50 | 1048,00 544,0ſ) 2223.00 259 254.25 1242,50 1627,25 892,50 4016,50 260 237,00 1515,00 2054.0) 1(54.00 4860.00 261 170,40 1009,00 1422,00 909,60 3511.00 262 125,75 1065,00 1645,00 902,25 3738.00 263 120,00 1460,00 1550.00 895,00 4025,00 264 45,25 1040,00 1280,00 705,00 3070,25 265 * > tº º is 935,00 1105.00 560,00 260).00 266 tº 800,00 9)5,00 487,00 2192,00 267 e 56().00 840,00 625,00 1995,00 268 tº 630,00 132).00 927,00 2877.00 269 ſe 675,75 1205,00 770,00 2650,75 270 º 1128,00 1495,00 757,00 3380,00 271 º 980,00 1270,00 642,50 2892.5| 272 ſº 844,00 1290.00 653,00 2787, () 273 e 813,60 1155,00 597,00 2565,60 274 tº 672,00 900,00 465,00 2037.0%) 275 © 586,50 844,00 436,00 1866.50 276 tº 566,20 843,0.) 434,00 1843.20 277 º 375,00 552,00 287,00 1214,00 278 e ºn 541,00 805,00 412,50 1758.50 279 tº º te 546,00 840,00 437,50 1823,50 280 tº º wº 452,40 736,00 380,00 1568,40 281 © tº º 470,00 824,00 447,50 1741.5%) 282 is ſº © 478,50 1340,00 680,00 2498.50 283 e G © 651,00 1377,00 718,00 27.46.(){) 284 º tº 420,75 1405,00 810.00 2635,75 285 tº º 426,00 223,75 755,00 24)4,75 — 64 N° | BELOW. R.L.I FROM R.L. FROM R.L. | FROM R.L. FROM R.L. ºf or kilo 100 100 to 110110 to 112112 to 114|114 to 115| * 286 515,00 | 1588,75 886,00 2989,75 °. 287 661,50 1587,00 877,00. 3125,50 . . . 288 162,00 || 1335,00 686,00 | 2183,00 289 206,50 772,00 502,50 1481,00. 290 285,00 1105,0ſ) 645,00 2035,00 291 141,00 | 1033,75 710,00 1884,75. 292 150,00 925,0) 862,50 1937,50 293 166,00 || 1360,00 955,00. 2481,00 294 145,50 | 1070,00 || 757,00 1972,50 295 120,00 | 1285,00 692,00 2097,00 296 37,50 805,00 445,00 1287,50 297 Q & C 411,90 522,0) 933.90 . . . 298 685,80 486,00 1171,80 . 299 918,00 685,00 1693,00 300 818,00 568,00 1386,00 301 875,50 740,00 1615,50 302 815,50 845,00 1660,50 303 786,50 752,00 1538,50 304 585,00 735,00 1320,00 305 e 661,50 825,00 1486,50 306 * 607.20 855,00 1462,20 307 tº 479,50 785,00 1264,50 308 ę 322,50 663,00 985,50 309 cº 171,25 570,00 741,25 31() e 143,75 347,50 491,25 311 gº 126,60 472,00 598,60 312 * > 182,00 940,00 1122,00 313 © 67,20 700,00 767,00 314 † ſº e s tº 587,50 587,50 315 gº tº 468,00 468,00 316 e i. 416,50 416,50 317 gº tº 449,20 449,20 318 C. G 486,50 486,50 319 © ſº 327,60 327,60 320 174,00 174,00. 321 179,10 179,10 322 113,40 113,40 323 38,50 38,50 Total South Of *. - Kalabsha 126096,77|916510,91 330063,20 | 38,206,75 215S54,06 || 1975731,69 Total - North Of - Kalahshaſ 244833,75 437936,50 105382,00 110315,00 56443.50 955911,75. (irand • - * Total...] 370930,52 |1354447,41 || 436446,30|497522,75 272297,56 || 2931643,44 | | 3 9015 02121 3585 UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN ---－ ---- •-， --◄-， --→→→→-æ --◄-► --◄-► - ---- --◄-► ----~--~ ---- --◄-►► --◄-► Pamphlet Binder Gaylord Bros., Inc. - Makers Syracuse, N. Y. PAI, Photomount JAN 21, 1908 DATE DUE es-º-º-º-º-º-º-º-º-º-º-º-º-º-ºr Jº-> <-e- #. --~~ *~ .-sº tº: -, *~ ---->~ Jº- - wº. --> * § †:3: ...~~ - . gº- ..-e- . ...”- --~ Jº". -º- --~~~~