SKY FIGHTERS OF FRANCE
A French Official Exhibition of
PAINTINGS of BATTLES in the AIR
By LIEUT. HENRI FARRÉ
Observateur - Bombardier, au Premier Groupe d'Escadrille de Bombardment
APRIL 24th to APRIL 29th, inclusive
Daily, including Sunday, from 11 A. M. to 11 P. M.
ADMISSION, FIFTY CENTS
Sailors and Soldiers in Uniform,
FREE
The proceeds of the exhibition are to go to the children of French
Aviators killed in action
THE WASHINGTON CLUB
1010 Seventeenth Street
The thanks of the Committee are due to the Ladies of The Washington Club for the generous loan of their galleries
PRICE
OF THIS CATALOGUE.
25
CENTS

SKY FIGHTERS OF FRANCE
THE COMMITTEE OF HONOR
EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE
FOR WASHINGTON
His Excellency, Ambassador Jusserand
André Tardieu, French High Commissioner
Marquis de Polignac
Major General George O. Squier, Chief
Signal Officer
Hon. Howard E, Coffin, Chairman Aircraft
Board
Colonel E. A. Deeds, Member Aircraft
Board
Colonel Montgomery,
Montgomery, Member Aircraft
Board
Colonel Charles E. Lee, British Royal Fly-
ing Corps
Commandant G. Tulasne
Marquise de Polignac, Chairman
Mrs. George Barnett
Mrs. Alexander Biddle
Mrs. Marshall Field
Mrs. George Howard
Mrs. Joseph Leiter
Mrs. J. Hamilton Lewis
Mrs. Eugene Meyer, Jr.
Mrs. William Phillips
Mrs. Frank Lyon Polk
Mrs. H. H. Rogers
Mrs. Wallace Radcliffe
Mrs. George Vanderbilt
Mrs. Harold Walker
WASHINGTON PATRONESSES
MRS. WOODROW WILSON
MRS. THOMAS MARSHALL
MME. JUSSERAND
Mrs. Edson Braley
Mrs. William Boardma
Mrs. Bernard Baruch
Mrs. Charles J. Bell
Mrs. Blaine Beale
Mrs. Perry Belmont
Mrs. Newton Baker
Mrs. Trasker Bliss
Mrs. Alfred Bates
Mrs. Richard Crane
Mrs. Richardson Clover
Mrs. Edward Carey
Miss Martha Codman
Mrs. Frederick Chapin
Miss Helen Cannon
Mrs. Henry Dimock
Mrs. Josephus Daniels
Mrs. Walter Denegre
Mrs. Frederick Delano
Vctss. de Sibourg
Mrs. William E. Eno
Mrs. Clarence Edwards
Mrs. William Elkins
Mrs. Marshall Field
Mrs. William E. Fowler
Mrs. Thomas Gale
Mrs. H. C. Gray
Mrs. Cary T. Grayson
Mrs. C. C. Glover
Mrs. Thomas Gaff
Mrs. Peter Gerry
Mrs. Charles Hamlin
Mrs. J. B. Harriman
Mrs. Marcus Hanna
Mrs. Gilbert Hitchcock
Mrs. J. H. Hammond
Mrs. Herbert Hoover
Mrs. Robert Hitt
Mrs. J. A. Johnston
Mrs. Walter Jiffords
Mrs. Hemmen Jennings
Miss Bessie Kibbey
Mrs. Thomas F. Logan
Mrs. Franklin Lane
Mrs. J. H. Lewis
Mrs. Breckinridge Long
Mrs. Frederick Leadbetter
Mrs. McCormick
Mrs. Mackley-Smith
Mrs. George Mange
Mrs. James McDonald
Mrs. C. C. McChord
Mrs. Charles Mann
Mrs. Edward McLean
Mrs. Frances Nash
Mrs. Frank Noyes
Mrs. George Norris
Mrs. Robert Patterson
Mrs. H. C. Perkins
Mrs. William Phillips
Miss Patten
Mrs. Leigh Palmer
Mrs. James Parmelee
Mrs. Mahlon Pitney
Mrs. Henry Roe
Mrs. Franklin Roosevelt
Mrs. William Slater
Mrs. John Saltonstall
Mrs. Edward T. Stotesbury
Mrs. E. H. Slater
Mrs. Samuel Spencer
Mrs. Walter Tuckerman
Mrs. Robert Thompson
Mrs. Joseph Thropp
Mrs. De Witt Talmage
Mrs. Richard Townsend
Mrs. Dennis Upson
Mme. Vignal
Mrs. James Wadsworth, Jr.
Mrs. Hugh Wallace
Mrs. Benjamin Warder
Mrs. Henry White
Mrs. Lanier Winslow
Mrs. Orme Wilson, Jr.
THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN LIBRARIES

LIEUT. FARRE AND HIS UNIQUE PAINTINGS
HE canvases which form the collection to be shown at the Anderson
Galleries have been sent to this country by the French Government. The
exhibition is being held under the supervision of the French Military
Mission to the United States. The paintings are to be shown in all the large
cities of the country, but New York is to see them first. They are the only
paintings that have ever been made on the fighting front, by a fighter-at the
same time an artist-of battles in the air witnessed by himself or in which he
actually took part.
Lieut. Farré is forty-seven years of age. He is a graduate of the Ecole
des Beaux Arts, and a pupil of Gustave Moreau.
Before the war, Henri Farré was not in the army. He was a painter and
had exhibited his paintings at the Salon every year consecutively, from 1896 to
the outbreak of the war. During that time, he had been awarded the gold medal
at the Salon.
When the war came, he was painting portraits in Buenos Aires, but he
returned at once to his native land and, although beyond the age, offered his
services to France. He was assigned to the artillery, and made an observer.
When Gen. Niox, Governor of the Invalides and Director of the French Army
Museum, heard that Farré had become an air fighter, he named him a Delegate
from the Army Museum, which gave him the privilege of practising his art at
the front.
It was not long before Lieut. Farré was promoted to the rank of Observer-
Bombardier, and assigned to the Ir Groupe d'Escadrille de Bombardement. This
groupe, unlike most of the aviation units of the French army, is not attached
to any Division or Corps, but is under the direct orders of the General Staff.
and is sent to whatever part of the front it may be needed. Thus Lieut. Farré
has flown over all parts of the line, and has taken part in practically all the great
raids over German cities and munition centres, such as Karlsruhe, Dieuze and Metz.
Lieut. Farré's paintings have been made at such times as he could snatch a
brush instead of dropping a bomb. That they are absolutely accurate, even to the
smallest detail, goes almost without saying, for they were done under the very
eyes of the heroes whose exploits they depict, and they were criticized by what
might without exaggeration be called a committee of experts.
As historical documents these paintings are unique. As pictures they are
thrilling. As works of art they are pioneers in a new field. Light effects are
not the same a mile above ground as they are on the surface. Distance and
perspective are replaced by landscapes as seen from the vertical. Action and
brilliant color are the prime characteristics of this new aerial art.
It is impossible, of course, for any artist to make sketches while flying at
the rate of 100 miles an hour, with anti-aircraft shells bursting about him, and
a dozen death-dealing bombs resting at his feet. But Lieut. Farré devised a sort
of short hand method of noting color values and combinations. He made notes
as he flew, and put his pictures on canvas before his memories faded. Thus this
exhibition offers us something which we might never have had if an artist had
not been made an aviator, and if the aviator had not been blessed with a good
luck which most of us do not associate with his calling.
Lieut. Farré has been decorated with the Croix de Guerre, and also wears
the “Fouragère,” which all members of his unit are entitled to wear, the entire
Escadrille having been mentioned in orders.
1

3
Fan
1917
3
Pende
CAPT. GEORGES GUYNEMER
Portrait, from the life, by Henri Farré
The famous French Ace of Aces, who, before his death in action over the German lines, fought
800 battles and brought down 74 Boche airplanes, of which 54 are officially recorded

SKY
OF
FIGHTERS
FRANCE
A French Official Exhibition of
PAINTINGS OF BATTLES IN
THE AIR
By LIEUT. HENRI FARRÉ
***
The Proceeds for the Children of French Aviators Killed in the War

9152
sa
F311
1990
E]
A
treng
Woch.
Photograph by Ira L. Hill
LIEUT. HENRI FARRÉ

Mrs Henry 8
Joy
it 2093
ll
LIEUT. FARRÉ, AT THE AERO CLUB, IN PARIS, ON THE EVE OF HIS DEPARTURE FROM PARIS
Reception to American officials and authorities at the Aero Club of France, in Paris, on September 8, 1917. From left to
right: Mr. George Sharp, son of the American Ambassador to France; Dr. A. L. Hipwell, member of the Foreign Service
Committee, Aero Club of America; Mr. Augustus Post, Honorary Secretary, Aero Club of America and Aerial League
of America ; Mr. Henri Farré, aerial observer and gunner, official painter to the French Army and Navy; Hon. William
G. Sharp, American Ambassador to France; Hon. Thomas Nelson Page, American Ambassador to Italy; Mr. John Weare,
member Foreign Service Committee, Aero Club of America; Mr. Sidney B. Veit, banker, member Foreign Service Com-
mittee, Aero Club of America ; Mr. Saint-Blancard, Executive Secretary, Aero Club of France; Mr. Wm. S. Hogan,
member Foreign Service Committee, Aero Club of America. On the walls are seen some of M. Farré's paintings.
N°
LIEUTENANT FARRÉ'S PAINTINGS
The Subjects and Events Depicted in Them
THE
HE French aeroplane insignia consists of three circles. The inside
circle is blue, the next is white and the outside is red. This insignia
is painted on the wings. The same colors, in wide bands, are painted on
the rudders. The German insignia is the Iron Cross, in black.
O. 1. Bombing Karlsruhe. Executed by the first group of French bombing esca-
drilles, composed of 20 Voisin biplanes. Karlsruhe, which is depicted as seen by
the aviator at a height of 4,500 feet, is frequented in the summer by the highest
aristocracy. The castle at the center is the residence of the Duke of Baden. Behind
the castle is seen the park and the forest extending to the horizon.
This raid was made as a reprisal because the Germans had bombed unprotected
French cities and killed non-combatants and women and children. The raiding aero-
planes started from Nancy. The machines left at daybreak and returned at ten o'clock,
that is to say, six hours afterward.
2. A group of French bombing escadrilles, of Voisin type biplanes, assembling into
squadron formation soon after leaving the aerodrome. They are escorted by fighting
biplanes of the Nieuport and double motored Caudron type. The machines are flying
above the clouds, assembling for their departure in formation.
3. Bombardment of Ludwigshaffen, in May, 1915, by Voisin biplanes. The German
city is depicted as seen from a height of 5,400 feet.
4. French “Baby” Nieuport biplane fighting a German Fokker monoplane.
5. Bombardment of the factories of Dieuze, near the French lines, by an escadrille of
Voisin machines. The factories on the ground below are surrounding salt-pits, and the
fleecy clouds are the bursts of shells of German anti-aircraft guns, which always follow
the machines in their passage through the danger zones.

7. Aviation field of the First Bombing Escadrille, situated on the plateau of Malzeville,
Nancy, France.
8. Sunset. A Voisin fighting an Albatross, 1914.
9. The tragic return of the body of Capt. Fequant, pilot, by Sergeant Niox, after a re-
prisal bombardment of Saarbruck. Returning from a fight with an Aviatik, Captain
Fequant was hit in the head by a volley of bullets from the German aviator's gun. While
fighting, he was standing up, but he dropped on being hit. His body fell partly over
the side of the machine, but the pilot held him with a badly wounded hand, and brought
him back to the aviation field from which they had started. See the painting of the
actual combat, (No. 13, in the catalog, and the landing of the same machine, No. 15).
10. Voisin reconnaissance machine passing through the clouds at an altitude of five
thousand feet, surrounded by explosions of enemy shells. 1914.
11. Reconnaissance by night, in 1914, by a Voisin type machine.
12. A twin-motored Caudron, fighting an enemy machine, 1915, over a sea of clouds at
sunset.
13. Battle of Captain Fequant, June, 1915.
wa bera
156.
Portrait of Major Lufbery, the American aviator. Painted at
the French front in January, 1918, by Lieut. Henri Farré
14. Rainbow colors seen by aviators. According to the angle at which you look, the
shadow of the machine on the clouds appears to have a circle of rainbow colors around it.
15. The death of Captain Fequant, one of the French veterans of aviation. Bringing
down the body. Plateau of Malzeville, Nancy.
16. Aeroplane cannon on a Voisin, bringing down an enemy machine.
17. Twin-motored Caudron combat machine over a sea of clouds.
18. Bombardment of Saarbruck. Captain Fequant perished on this raid of reprisal,
which was accomplished through heavy mists, making the object of the bombardment
hardly visible through the clouds. June, 1915.
20. Night bombardment of Sablons station, at Metz. Below, on the ground, one can see
the station illuminated by the continuous explosions. Above, the machines are illumi-
nated by the beams from the searchlights and the terrific cannonade.
1915.
21. Nieuport fighting machine, with a Clergé motor.
6

to
Rana
1. Bombardment of Karlsruhe. Executed by the first group of French bombarding esca-
drilles, composed of 20 Voisin biplanes
20. Night bombardment of the railroad station at Sablons, near Metz, 1915. Below one can
see the station illuminated by the continuous explosions.
7

22. A Voisin machine with a cannon, setting on fire a kite balloon. Champagne, 1915.
23. Morane parasol and a Nieuport machine chasing a Fokker.
24. A Baby Nieuport pursuit machine.
25. A twin-motored Caudron fighting machine.
26. A Nieuport fighting an Aviatik.
27. A Voisin equipped with a cannon, setting fire to a Drachen balloon on the Cham-
pagne front, 1915.
28. A Morane parasol chasing an enemy machine.
29. A group of bombing aeroplanes returning from a bombing raid. Voisin type aero-
planes.
30. Fight between a Baby Nieuport and a Rumpler.
31. Aeroplane fight over the Verdun front, 1916.
32. Destruction of Drachen balloons over the heights of the Meuse, on the Verdun
front, May, 1916, by fuses originated by Le Prieur. (Portrait of the ineventor, Lt. de
vaisseau Le Prieur.)
33. Battle in the Sky. Below, Verdun can be seen in flames, March, 1916.
34. A remarkable exploit of Captain Bone (British). On perceiving an enemy aero-
plane coming to drop bombs on houses near the shore, he gave chase, overtook him, and
brought him down in the sea. (British pursuit machine vanquishing a German hydro-
aeroplane.)
35. Early type of Farman machine, directing artillery fire, between the Argonne and
Verdun. Disregarding the fire which bursts on all sides, he is the eye of the French
artillery, and by means of his wireless apparatus, directs the French artillery in its work
of destruction. Below, on the ground, can be seen a series of holes caused by the ex-
plosion of mines, under the trenches, which are continually taken and retaken, sometimes
held by the French soldiers and sometimes by the Boche. The ground is completely
divested of trees; the trenches are only recognizable by places which are only a little
deeper than the fields, and the outlines of which can no longer be clearly distinguished at
this altitude, about 8,000 feet.
36. Second bombardment of Karlsruhe by Captain de Kerillis, commanding the 66th
bombing escadrille, consisting of twin-motored Caudron machines. (See portrait, cata-
log No. 136.) The raid was a reprisal for the German raid on the peaceful habitations
of Luneville, where fifty persons were killed. According to the reports printed by the
enemy, it was stated that more than six hundred persons were killed at Karlsruhe.
37. Bombardment of Dillingen, accomplished by 60 Voisin aeroplanes, June, 1915. The
plateau of Malzeville (Nancy) was the place of departure. On the ground below can
be seen, at one side of the town, an important group of factories, where thousands of
Russian prisoners were held. Some of them, during the great disorder caused by the
bombardment, fled to the French lines, thus giving the French very important informa-
tion about the havoc caused by their bombardment.
38. Bombardment over the lines at Verdun, during a night attack, April, 1916.
The
aeroplane, of Voisin type, is being heavily shelled, and is clearly illuminated by a
battery of enemy searchlights near Romagne. Bursting shells completely envelop
the trenches. They seem like falling stars. Deafened by the roar of the motor, the pilot
and observer do not hear the detonations, except those that burst very near them. Below,
the ground can be distinguished, and one can see the barrage shell fire amid the
conflagration. One has the impression of seeing an immense field of fire bursting
forth in all directions. Flares of white, red and green, lasting for five minutes, throw
their powerful rays from an altitude of five hundred meters, and lose themselves in
the smoke of shells. One can see the “chaplets,” which are composed of a chain of
ten luminous flares which light up at the same time, called caterpillars, because of
their peculiar motion through the air. They are very dangerous to the aeroplanes,
which are frequently set on fire by them.
39. Farman machine, latest model, directing artillery. Below, on the ground, can be
seen Avocourt, completely destroyed during the battle of Verdun. (See also the de-
scription of No. 35 in this catalog.)
40. Return of a night bombardment machine, Voisin type, designed by M. G. Voisin,
one of the most famous French aircraft constructors. A small dynamo gives the light
for six powerful searchlights, which light up the surface of the ground at night, making
it as easy to land and to leave the ground as in broad daylight. These electric lights
also serve as a guide for returning machines, and they are visible on a clear night for
more than sixty kilometers. Upon approaching the flying field, the machines signal by
8

32. Destruction of Drachen balloons-by fuses originated by Le Prieur-over the heights
of the Meuse, on the Verdun front, May, 1916
34. British pursuit machine vanquishing a German hydroaeroplane. Captain Bone, on per-
ceiving an enemy aeroplane, gave chase, overtook him and brought him down in the sea
9

COM
37. Bombardment of Dillingen, accomplished by 60 Voisin aeroplanes, June 1915. On the
ground below can be seen an important group of factories where thousands of Russian
prisoners were held
40. Return of a night bombardment machine, Voisin type, designed by M. G. Voisin, one of
the most famous French aircraft constructors
10

41. Victory of a Nieuport over a Fokker. A column of smoke shows that the gasoline tank has been set on fire
45. Destruction of a German submarine in the North Sea, in 1916, by a French F. B. A.
hydroaeroplane, from an altitude of 175 feet
11
their lights to find out if the landing is clear, just as a train signals when it enters a
station.
41. The victory of a Nieuport over a Fokker. A column of smoke shows that the gaso-
line tank has been set on fire.
42. A Nieuport, fighting with an enemy machine between two layers of cloud.
43. Bombardment of Ostend by British bombardment machines of the Short type,
escorted by Sopwith fighting machines. On the horizon, the port and the city of Ostend
can be seen through the early morning haze. Clouds of smoke can be seen arising from
batteries of anti-aircraft guns on the ground, while, on the surface of the water, can be
seen the enemy's patrol boats.
44. Destruction of a Drachen German observation or kite balloon, during the Battle of
Verdun, in April, 1916. Same description as No. 32 in this catalog.
45. Destruction of a German submarine in the North Sea in 1916 by a French F. B. A.
hydroaeroplane from an altitude of 50 meters. When the sea is calm a submarine is
easily visible to an aerial observer. The destruction of this submarine was complete. A


w Than
fare
157. Portrait of Major Thaw, the American aviator. Painted at the
French front, in January, 1918, by Lieut. Henri Farré
bomb dropped from a height of 50 meters struck it two meters behind the periscope.
When the surface of the sea becomes calm after the explosion of the bomb (which
raises a column of water to a height of over fifty meters), debris and parts of the sub-
marine appear on the surface of the water.
46. Bombardment of Zeebruge by French F. B. A. hydroaeroplanes from an altitude
of 2,800 meters (8,000 feet). At the horizon can be seen the entrance of the canal, on one
bank of which can be seen indistinctly the hangars of the German hydroaeroplanes.
Near the bank are the enemy submarines' quarters, which the French aeroplanes
went to bombard.
47. Aviation school at Chartres, from the East.
48. An F. B. A. hydroaeroplane in distress, the pilots being rescued by another sea-
plane. The sea patrols are accustomed to operate in groups of three or four machines
in order to assist each other in case of motor trouble, as is shown in this picture.
49. A hydroaeroplane in distress attacked by an enemy land machine. The enemy aero-
plane is making circles at a height of 80 meters over the pilots of the hydroaeroplane.
12

48. An F. B. A. hydroaeroplane in distress, the pilots being rescued by another seaplane. The
sea patrols operate in groups of three or four machines
$216
49. A hydroaeroplane, while in distress in the water, is attacked by an enemy land machine
13

His machine gun having jammed, he has nothing but his revolver with which to de-
fend himself. Fortunately, however, he is a dead shot and a brave man. On the fourth
circle, the Boche aeroplane fails to return, no doubt retreating to dress his wounds.
Our valiant pilot, having got rid of the trouble-maker, repairs his motor and returns to the
seaport of Dunkirk under his own power.
1915.
50. Evening. A Nieuport fighting a Fokker in the region of the Somme.
51. View of the aviation school of Chartres, from the west.
52. Harbor of Dunkirk. Hydroaeroplanes returning from a patrol.
53. Twin-motored Caudron equipped with a machine gun flying at a very low altitude,
about 80 meters (300 feet), over the enemy trenches, just before an attack. View of
the battlefield of the Somme, showing the ground torn up. The shell holes are so close
together that they touch each other. Successive explosions fill the air. Smoke, little
by little, obscures the atmosphere. The observer-gunner is firing upon the Boches in the
German trenches.
54. Circle Combat: Captain de la Tour, in a “Spad” (the famous French combat
machine), fighting a German “Albatross” combat machine at an altitude of 6,600 meters
(about 21,000 feet). The aeroplane of the enemy, in order to escape the attack of his
adversary, turns sharply in a circle. Captain de la Tour, like a cyclist behind his pace
maker, turns in his track, never giving in, and seizing his opportunity, he aims his ma-
chine gun, fires a volley of tracing and incendiary bullets, and the enemy machine bursts
into flames.
55. A Bréguet-Michelin bombing machine returning from its mission, is attacked by a
German Fokker. Despite his wounds, the pilot continues to keep control of his machine,
which, however, drops, despite all his efforts. The enemy aeroplane, closely pursues in
the rear.
The machine gunner is prevented (by the propeller in the rear of his own ma-
chine) from firing at the pursuing machine, and realizing that this is his last resort,
leaves his post in the body of the machine; taking his rifle in hand, he climbs out on
the left wing of the machine, making a super-human effort, and, in spite of the pressure
of the wind, he lies prone upon the lower plane, and, incredible as it may seem, but
absolutely true, he shoots from this position and is able to defend himself until his
return to the French lines.
56. Farman aeroplanes at an altitude of 100 meters (350 feet), regulating the destruc-
tive fire of the French artillery at Dead Man's Hill, during the retaking of this position,
January, 1917. On the ground, in the foreground, a German trench may be seen, partly
The battleground is Cahotic. The clouds are hardly 200 meters (700
feet) above the ground, which makes it necessary for the French machines to fly very
low. They observe all the defenses to see if they are ready for the attack. They often
find themselves in the trajectory of the shells and are frequently hit by bursts of shrap-
nel. But it makes no difference; by their sacrifice, they run the risk in order to save the
lives of thousands of the infantry, and to bring victory to the French with a minimum
of loss. This is an actual view of the battlefield with its inferno of fire, steel and death.
The fumes from the exploding shells cover the ground. The detonations follow each
other, like the roll of great drums, resembling the crashes of discordant thunder.
57. A twin-motored Caudron, signalling the position of the infantry at the battle of
Verdun, from an altitude of 1,000 meters (about 3,000 feet). By means of fuses, the
cbserver inquires the exact position of the infantry, who are crouching in the trenches.
The fuses give forth long smoke trails, and show the exact situation of the attacking
troops. The observer transmits, by wireless telegraphy, the information to the artillery,
by which it regulates its barrage fire.
58. Nieuport fighting aeroplane, returning from patrol duty. Sometimes, when the
French pilots see no enemy at which to fire, and not wishing to return to their posts
with their full supply of cartridges, allow themselves the sport of swooping down and
raining a hail of bullets on the Boche dugouts and grouped soldiers in the streets of Chaulnes,
now in ruins. Near the Somme, in 1917.
59. The 45th victory of Guynemer. The enemy aeroplane is in a spinning nose dive.
Its pilot and observer were thrown out by the violence of the spinning motion.
60. An aerial collision between a Baby Nieuport and a German Rumpler. The German
plane frequently went over the French trenches and took photographs of the French
front, always returning back safely to its lines. The French aviators swere that they
would destroy it. On this day three French aeroplanes attacked it, separating from each
other in order to bar its return to the German lines. Quartermaster de Terline, arriv-
torn up.
14

56._Farman aeroplanes at an altitude of 350 feet regulating the destructive fire of the
French artillery at Dead Man's Hill, during the retaking of this position, January, 1917
57. A twin motored Caudron, signaling the position of the infantry at the battle of Verdun,
from an altitude of 3,000 feet
15

ing at the proper altitude, saw that his two companions had been forced to abandon
the pursuit because of motor trouble. Terline, seeing his two comrades drop out, and
thinking them probably wounded, could not control his rage, and so dashes at his ad-
versary. The two machines circle around and around 3,500 feet above the ground.
Finally the German machine dropped, a shapeless mass, to the ground. The oath of
the French pilot had been fullfilled.
61. A thrilling exploit of the British aviator Summers, who is destroying an enemy aero-
plane by a system of Le Prieur fire-rockets.
62. An escadrille of Farman bombing planes breaking their battle formation to pass
over the barrage of anti-aircraft gunfire: (When the escadrilles of aeroplanes approach
their objective they suddenly find themselves surrounded by a very severe barrage fire.
At the last moment, they separate in order to avoid being destroyed. On the horizon can
be seen the clouds of smoke rising from the fires started by the bombardment.)
63. The signal to attack, at the battle of Dead Man's Hill, in 1917: A rocket bursts in
the air at an altitude of 500 meters (1,600 feet), a flag, two meters long, floats on the
breeze, held suspended in the air by a parachute. This is the signal which, according
to the orders of the General Staff, is agreed upon for the execution of a general order.
This means is employed when the barrage fire prevents communication by messengers
or couriers. If it is an order to attack, as shown in the picture, the aeroplanes support
the attack of the infantry.
64. One of Guynemer's victories. Guynemer is here shown bringing down an enemy
biplane. Coming out of a cloud, Guynemer finds himself in the presence of an enemy,
and is met with a hail of bullets. Then everything is quiet. Why? he asks himself.
Perhaps the enemy's machine gun has jammed, or he has run out of cartridges. He
endeavors to find out, and, having the advantage of greater speed, he quickly descends to
five meters (about 20 feet) below the tail of his adversary, and keeps in this advan-
tageous position. In order to test the courage of his adversary, he makes believe that
he will shoot with his gun. The observer raises his arms, and indicates, by signs, that
he will descend. Guynemer keeps close above him, following him down to the nearest
landing place. Imagine the surprise of the members of the French escadrille, on see-
ing this machine of the enemy, followed by Guynemer, descend in their midst. On this
occasion the pilots of the German machine climbed down and saluted their captor.
Imagine their fury and astonishment when they found out that Guynemer did not have
a single ball in his machine gun. In their rage they immediately set fire to their own
machine.
65. Another victory by Guynemer. The enemy pilot, who has been killed, loses con-
trol of his machine, which turns over and drops suddenly to the ground. The enemy
observer, thrown into the air, falls with his machine in the direction of Guynemer, who
makes a sharp turn to the right in order to avoid him.
66. A night bombardment by a Peugeot aeroplane. On the ground below can be seen
the explosions of enemy munition depots near Goucy Eppes.
68. Aviation field of Sacy le Grand. Voisin and Peugeot bombing machines.
69. Aviation field of Sacy le Grand. Baby Nieuport.
70. Aviation field of Sacy le Grand. Twin-motored Caudron.
71. Nieuport fighting machine and German machine.
72. School of aviation at Avord. The large flying field.
73. School of aviation at Chateaureux. The large flying field.
74. School of aviation at Chateaureux. Ateliers, motors and work benches.
75. School of aviation at Chateaureux. Hangars.
76. School of aviation at Vineuil.
77. School of aerial gunnery at Cazeaux, from above.
78. School of aerial gunnery at Cazeaux. Aerodrome.
79. School of aviation at Tours. Administration buildings. (American school.)
80. School of aerial gunnery at Cazeaux. (The stand.)
82. School of aviation at Avord. (Bleriot division.)
16

59. The 45th victory of Guynemer. The enemy aeroplane is shown in a spinning nose dive.
Its pilot and observer were thrown out by the violence of its spinning
필
​be
64. One of Guynemer's most celebrated victories. He is here shown bringing down an enemy
biplane-without the aid of bullets
17

83. School of aviation at Avord. View of hangars and shops.
84. School of aviation at Miramas.
85. School of aviation at Tours.
86. School of aviation at Pau. Administration buildings.
87. School of aviation at Pau. Fighting ground.
88. School of aviation at Chartres.
89. Fight at sunset.
90. Hydroaeroplanes.
91. Hydroaeroplanes searching for mines.
92. Hydroaeroplanes flying in a storm.
93. Study of a flight.
94. Hydroaeroplane searching for mines.
95. Hydroaeroplane. Study.
96. Hydroaeroplanes. The port of Dunkirk.
97. Hydroaeroplane searching for mines.
98. Hydroaeroplane. Sopwith battle-plane.
99. Hydroaeroplane. Sopwith pursuit machine.
100. Hydroaeroplane. Sopwith pursuit machine.
101. Caproni aeroplane. (Italian.)
102. Caudron G. W. aeroplane.
103. Voisin aeroplane. Champ de Malzeville, Nancy.
104. A combat in twilight.
105. Voisin aeroplane. Champ de Malzeville.
106. Voisin aeroplane. Champ de Malzeville.
107. Farman type aeroplane. Study.
108. British bombing aeroplane, Short type.
109. French bombing aeroplane, Breguet-Michelin.
110. Bleriot aeroplane.
111. British aeroplane.
112. Voisin bombing machine. Champ de Malzeville.
113. Voisin bombing machine. Champ de Malzeville.
114. Voisin bombing machine. Champ de Malzeville.
115. General view of the aviation field of Malzeville.
116. A pursuit in the clouds. Voisin aeroplane.
117. Voisin aeroplane in a reconnaissance flight.
118. School at Chartres. The workshops.
119. School of aerial gunnery at Cazeaux. Night firing with tracer bullets. The guns
are loaded with belts of cartridges containing four kinds of bullets. (1) Tracer—which
make a glow in passing through the air, which glow enables the pilots to see where they
are going. (2) Penetrating—made of solid steel to penetrate the gasoline tank or the
vulnerable parts of the motor and put it out of action. (3) Explosive—to do great dam-
age. (4) Incendiary—to set fire to enemy machines.
120. A hydroaeroplane in the harbor of Dunkirk.
121. German aeroplane, Albatross type.
18

o
65. Another of the great victories of Guynemer. The pilot has been killed and so the machine,
out of control of the observer, is shown falling through the clouds

66. A night bombardment, by a Peugeot aeroplane. On the ground can be seen the explosions
of enemy munition depots near Coucy les Eppes
19

122. Sopwith chaser hydroaeroplane.
123. French aeroplane, Baby Nieuport type.
124. French aeroplane, Baby Nieuport type.
125. A Spad aeroplane, belonging to Captain Guynemer.
126. F. B. A. hydroaeroplane returning from a patrol. Dunkirk.
127. Aviation school of Miramas for night training.
128. At sunset. A pursuit.
129. The patrol of a hydroaeroplane. Gulf of Gascony.
130. A hydroaeroplane patrolling at sunset.
131. Study of a hydroaeroplane.
132. Portrait of Captain Guynemer of the Escadrille des Cigognes (the storks), killed
on the field of honor.
133. Portrait of Captain Heurtaux, commanding the Escadrille des Cigognes.
134. Portrait of Captain Deullin of the Escadrille des Cigognes.
135. Portrait of Captain de la Tour of the Escadrille des Cigognes, killed on the field of
honor.
136. Portrait of Captain Kirellis, who bombarded Karlsruhe.
137. Portrait of Captain Laurens, a famous night bombing aviator.
138. Portrait of Commandant Brocard, commander of combat group No. 12.
139. Portrait of Lieutenant Viallet.
140. Portrait of Lieutenant de Marmiez.
141. Portrait of Lieutenant Loste.
142. Portrait of Captain Roekel, killed on the field of honor.
143. Portrait of Lieutenant Partridge, a famous night bombing aviator.
144. Portrait of Lieutenant Dorme, who brought down 28 Boches in eight months. He
was killed on the field of honor.
145. Portrait of Lieutenant Tarascen.
146. Portrait of Commandant Happe.
151. Engraving, on copper plate, of Guynemer.
152. Engraving, on copper plate, of Guynemer.
153. Engraving, on copper plate, of Guynemer.
156. Portrait of Major Lufbery.
157. Portrait of Major Thaw.
158. Portrait of Commandant Féquant.
159. Aerial shooting range of Cazeaux.
160. Aerial shooting range of Cazeaux.
161. Aerial shooting range of Cazeaux.
168. Death of Lieutenant Mouchard.
172. Portrait of Commandant Goys.
173. Portrait of Lieutenant Nungesser.
174. Portrait of Lieutenant Boyau.
175. Portrait of Lieutenant Guérin.
176. Portrait of Lieutenant Flachaire.
NOTE: “No worthier use can be made of money today than
in helping to support the children of the gallant French aviators
who have been killed in battle. Lend a hand to Lieut. Farré's
splendid work. Do what you can to help the exhibition both
here, and on its travels around the country.”
20

.
unt
LIEUT. SOULIER
CAPTAIN
ALFRED HFORTAU
xx
Pilot of the 26th Escadrille
Commanding the Estadrille of
the “ſtorm
Mend
LIEUTENANT
MAX BENOIS
LIEUT. FLACHAIRE
Pilot of the 67th Escadrille
Pilot of the Escadrille of the
"Storks"
COMMANDANT
TULASNE
Chief of the French
Aviation Mission
in America
Photographs
By Ira L. Hill
>
SKY FIGHTERS OF FRANCE
Maxitpurs )
French Officer-Aviators who are now in America, and who are actively aiding the ex-
hibition of Lieut. Henri Farré's battle paintings—in its journey to various representa-
tive American cities-in behalf of one of the worthiest of the French war charities.
...
UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN
3 9015 02909 2007
Reviewed by Proson!
.. پا برین و
1994

With the Sky Fighters of
France
By LIEUT. HENRI FARRÉ
Official Painter to the French Army and Navy
S
URPRISED by the declaration of war in Buenos Ayres, where I was painting the
portraits of several well-known people, I immediately returned to France to put
myself at the disposal of the French military authorities. Belonging to one of the
older contingents not as yet called to the colors, I enlisted so as not to remain a mere
spectator of the great drama which had been thrust upon the world. My desire, aside
from participating with all my might in the great effort of my country, was to con-
secrate every free moment to painting the history of the war.
General Niox, Governor of the Invalides, director of the French Army Museum,
learning of my departure for the army and my being designated to the Aviation Corps,
did me the honor of naming me delegate from the French Army Museum and thus
accordingly the right to fix on canvas the different aspects of aerial warfare.
Presently I was promoted by the General Staff to the rank of observer-bombarder,
and was attached to the first group of bombarding squadrons, where I remained until
my departure for the United States. During two years and a half, I never left my
comrades in aviation, sharing their sufferings and misfortunes, listening to their con-
versations and discussions, thus forming my mind, and better learning the science of
flying. At the same time I was painting their portraits and pictures of their machines.
The works that I have the honor to exhibit to the American public were all not only
painted but lived by me on the different fronts of France where I was sent by the War
Office. I have therefore participated in night and day raids in aircraft of every type,
and there have been many changes since the beginning of the war. It was, however,
only after five months of constant flying that I was able to transform my way of see-
ing so as to paint things with an aerial vision, as it were. And in this transformation,
it seems to me, that a new art has been born, which I hope will be understood by ter-
restrial spectators. I must therefore ask the public to examine my paintings and give
particular attention to the expression of my aerial sensations, to which I have tried to
give a purely historical character.
Time and space are both lacking here to dwell upon this new art which is an ex-
pression of purely artistic sensation. For the present I hope that the American public
will agree with me that the historic point of view is the main thing and that from that
point alone could spring a new art based upon exact observations.
During the war it would seem to me almost a crime to let works of imagination
alone dominate my brain.
Aviation in general is subsequent to laws of the atmosphere outside the tactics
of warfare, which themselves are often outside the volition of the pilot. I therefore
took particular pains not to demand any spectacular flying from my pilots, knowing
to what end they might lead us, and since these acrobatics are infrequent they might
seem unreal. I therefore beg of all those who visit this exhibition to put thernselves in
my position, that is to say, observers in another machine, thereby finding themselves
spectators of the different exploits of war aviation.
The kingdom of the air is vast, since it extends indefinitely, but the limit of our
radius of action, while considerable (ascensions of 9,000 meters altitude have actually
been accomplished), is limited on account of the numerous different kinds of clouds that
encircle the earth. Altitudes of five or six miles are an average. Sometimes, before
actually arriving in clear air, aviators are obliged to cross banks of clouds seven to eight
hundred yards deep, depending upon the ascending force of their apparatus. The drift
through the cloud sometimes takes from half to three-quarters of an hour.
Sometimes, while crossing these cloud banks, which I might metaphorically call
subterranean, in spite of the instruments on board, the pilot completely loses his sense
of the horizontal and, emerging above the clouds, finds himself flying head downward,
a most disagreeable and strange sensation, which it does not take the pilot long to right.

Help the Children
of French Aviators
Killed in the War
ANAS
The Sky Fighters of France is an ex-
hibition, organized by the French
Government, and aided and abetted,
in the United States, by patriotic
Americans of all kinds.
The Exhibition is designed (1) To in-
crease and foster an interest in avia-
tion and aircraft production, (2) To
support and educate the children of
French aviators killed in action.
Any person interested in either of
these worthy aims may send a contri-
bution for any sum, however small, to
MRS. GEORGE VANDERBILT
Treasurer, Washington Committee, Sky Fighters of France
1612-K Street, Washington
THE CAREY PRINTENG CO. INO.
NEW YORK