A CHRONOLOGY OF INLAND NAVIGATION H. R. DE SALIS University of Michigan Tibraries, TRANSPORTATION LIBRARY 1817 ARTES SCIENTIA VERITAS ESTATE OF E. L. COOLEY E. L. Corry. Sept. 1913 812 CHNER BROADWAY NEW YORK ** + 5 7 A CHRONOLOGY OF INLAND NAVIGATION IN GREAT BRITAIN In Engin A CHRONOLOGY OF INLAND NAVIGATION IN GREAT BRITAIN BEING A RECORD of the DATES OF THE PRINCIPAL WORKS AND EVENTS CONNECTED WITH INLAND NAVIGATION TO THE PRESENT TIME COMPILED FROM VARIOUS SOURCES BY HENRY RODOLPH DE SALIS ASSOCIATE MEMBER OF THE INSTITUTION OF CIVIL ENGINEERS WITH AN APPENDIX GIVING THE MILEAGE TRAVELLED BY THE AUTHOR OVER THE INLAND NAVIGATIONS OF ENGLAND TRANSPORTATION LIBRARY * London: E. & F. N. SPON, LIMITED, 125 STRAND New York: SPON & CHAMBERLAIN, 12 CORTLANDT STREET 1897 Transportation Library тс 657 .D44 1897 PREFACE. THE following pages endeavour to place the History of Inland Navigation in Great Britain from the commencement to the present time in a form suitable for ready reference. So far as the author is aware, no record has been published since 1831, when Mr. Joseph Priestley, of the Aire and Calder Navigation, brought out his Historical Account of Rivers and Canals. The author will be much obliged for any additions or corrections for a future edition. IVY LODGE, IVER HEATH, NEAR UXBRIDGE. H. R. DE S. 71355 A CHRONOLOGY OF INLAND NAVIGATION IN GREAT BRITAIN. 894 The Danes sail up the River Lee to the Town of Hertford, II2I The Foss Dyke Canal (Lincolnshire), an ancient Roman work, scoured out by Henry I. B 2 A CHRONOLOGY OF 1296 Agreement between the Archbishop of York and Lady Sutton, for the removal of certain weirs in the River Hull, in order that vessels may approach the Town of Beverley. 1352 Act setting forth, that "whereas the common passages of boats and ships in the great rivers of England be oftentimes annoyed by inhansing Gores, Weres, Stakes, &c., in great damage of the people: it is established that the same shall be cut and utterly pulled down, without being renewed. And that writs be sent to the sheriffs to do execution." 1423 Act placing the River Thames under Commissioners. INLAND NAVIGATION 3 1424 Act empowering the Chancellor for the time being to issue commissions for the purpose of cleaning, scour- ing, and amending the River Ley (Lee). 1425 Act placing the River Lee under Commissioners. ་ 1462 Charter constituting the Lord Mayor and Aldermen of York conservators of the Rivers Ouse, Aire, Wharfe, Derwent, Dunn, and Humber. 1481 Locks known to the Italians.. B 2 4 A CHRONOLOGY OF 1503 Act for preserving the passage of boats and vessels in the River Severn. 1514 Act placing the Canterbury or River Stour Navigation under the care of Canterbury. 1531 Act for pulling down and avoiding "fish garths," "piles,” "stakes," "hecks," and other "engines" set in the river and water of Ouse and Humber. INLAND NAVIGATION 5 1563 Exeter Canal commenced by the Council of Exeter, the cost being defrayed out of the Corporate Estates. 1566 Exeter Canal completed and opened. 1571 Act for making the River Welland (Lincolnshire) navigable. 1605 Unsuccessful attempt made by Lord Chief Justice Pop- ham and others to drain the Fens. Under this scheme the cut called Popham's Eau was made; the portion of which from the Sixteen Foot River to the Old River Nene is navigable at the present time. 6 A CHRONOLOGY OF 1623 Act for River Colne Navigation (Essex). 1624 River Thames made navigable to Oxford. 1625 The Dutch River from Newbridge to Goole, cut by Cornelius Vermuyden, for the purpose of land drainage. 1629 Cornelius Vermuyden knighted. INLAND NAVIGATION 7 1630 First partially successful attempt to drain the Fens made by Francis, Earl of Bedford, and thirteen others, advised by Sir Cornelius Vermuyden. Under this scheme were constructed, amongst other drainage works :—the Old Bedford River, from Earith on the Ouse to Salter's Lode on the same river, 21 miles long and 70 feet wide, together with the Old Bedford and Earith sluices, which River, from the Old Bedford Sluice to the junction with the Forty Foot River at Welches Dam, is navigable at the present time. And Salter's Lode Sluice at the junction of Well Creek with the River Ouse. 1636 William Sandys applies to Parliament for power to make navigable the River Avon from Tewkesbury to Coventry. 8 A CHRONOLOGY OF 1638 A Commission of Sewers held at Huntingdon pronounced the drainage of the Fens, as executed by Francis, Earl of Bedford, to be defective. 1649 Drainage of the Fens undertaken by William, Earl of Bedford (afterwards Duke of Bedford), and others, advised by Sir Cornelius Vermuyden. Under this scheme were constructed before 1653, amongst other drainage works, the following cuts, all of which are navigable to the present time. The Hundred Foot River (or New Bedford River), parallel to the Old Bedford River, being a tidal cut a hundred feet wide, without sluices. The present channel of the River Nene between Peterborough and Guyhirn (sometime called Smith's Leam). The Forty Foot River (or Vermuyden's Eau) from the Old Bedford River at Welches Dam to Ramsey. The Sixteen Foot River, from the Forty Foot River to Popham's Eau. Hermitage Sluice on the Old River Ouse, just below Earith. Denver Sluice on the Old River Ouse, just above the mouth of the Hundred Foot River. 1 INLAND NAVIGATION 9 1651 Works commenced to make the River Wey, in the County of Surrey, navigable from the Thames at Weybridge to Guildford. Capital £6000, of which one-half was provided by Sir Richard Weston. 1653 Public thanksgiving service held in Ely Cathedral, to celebrate the completion of the drainage of the Fens, as commenced by William, Earl of Bedford, and others, in 1649, March 27. River Wey Navigation completed, from the Thames at Weybridge to Guildford. 1657 Act for amending the River of Ouse at or near the city of York. 10 A CHRONOLOGY OF 1662 Act for River Itchin Navigation (Hampshire). Act for River Wye Navigation. 1663 Bedford Level Corporation constituted. 1664 Act for making the River Avon navigable from Christ- church to the city of New Sarum. Act obtained for River Medway (Upper) Navigation, but not carried into effect. 1670 Act for making navigable the Rivers Brandon and Waveney. Act for River Ouse (Bedfordshire) Navigation (above St. Neots). } INLAND NAVIGATION II 1671 Act for improving the River Witham, already in use as a navigation. Act for settling and preserving the navigation of the River Wey in the County of Surrey. 1675 Exeter Canal lengthened at the cost of the Corporate Estates of the Council of Exeter. 1678 Act for making navigable the River Fal or Vale (Corn- wall). 12 A CHRONOLOGY OF 1686 Henry Ashley, of Eaton Socon, Bedfordshire, appointed undertaker of the River Ouse (Bedford) Naviga- tion, from Holywell upwards to any place which was or is navigable in times of full waters; the river being made by him navigable to Bedford. 1695 Act for preventing exactions of the occupiers of locks and weirs upon the River of Thames westward, and for ascertaining the rates of water carriage upon the said river. 1697 Bedford Level divided into the three districts of the North, Middle and South Levels. INLAND NAVIGATION 13 i699 Act for Aire and Calder Navigation, depth 3 feet 6 inches. Tolls between Leeds and Wakefield, May I to October 1, 10s. per ton; October 1 to May 1, 165. per ton. Act for keeping the River Trent, in the counties of Leicester, Derby and Stafford, navigable. Act for making the River Tone (Somerset) navigable from Bridgwater to Taunton. 1700 Act granting power to Henry Ashley, of Eaton Socon, Bedfordshire, to make the River Larke navigable from Mildenhall to Bury-St.-Edmunds. Act for River Dee Navigation. Act for the better preserving the navigation of the Rivers Avon and Frome, and for cleansing, paving, and enlightening the streets of the City of Bristol. 14 A CHRONOLOGY OF 1701 Act for River Derwent (Yorkshire) Navigation. 1702 Act for making the River Cam navigable from Cambridge to Clayhithe Ferry, and appointing conservators of the river. 1705 Act for River Stour (Essex) Navigation. 1712 Act for making the Avon navigable from Bath to Hanham Mills. INLAND NAVIGATION 15 1713 Denver Sluice, on Old River Ouse (Bedford), blown up by the tide. 1714 Act for making the River Nene, from Northampton to Peterborough, navigable. 1715 Act for making the River Kennet navigable from the Thames at Reading to Newbury. 16 A CHRONOLOGY OF 1716 James Brindley born; Engineer of the Bridgewater, Trent and Mersey, Staffordshire and Worcestershire, Coventry, Birmingham, Droitwich, Oxford, and Chesterfield Canals. Act for the preservation and improvement of the River Wear and Port of Sunderland, in the County of Durham. 1720 Act empowering three gentlemen of the County of Cheshire, to scour and improve the River Weaver, from Frodsham Bridge to Winsford, depth to be 4 feet 6 inches. Act for making the Rivers Mersey and Irwell navigable from Liverpool to Manchester. Act for making the River Douglas navigable from the River Ribble to Wigan. Act for making navigable the River Dane from the River Weaver at Northwich, to the falling of Wheelock Brook in the county of Cheshire; but which was never carried out. Act for making the River Idle navigable from East Retford to Bawtry. INLAND NAVIGATION 17 1721 Act for making the River Eden (Cumberland) navigable to Bank End. 1722 Act for deepening and making more navigable the Rivers Bure, Yare, and Waveney. 18 A CHRONOLOGY OF 1725 Mr. Goddard, who was Recorder of Lynn, describing the Rivers Ouse, Cam, Larke, Little Ouse, Wissey, and Nene, says, "The tide putting up so far into all these Rivers, and filling them twice in every twenty- four hours, they were not only competently supplied with water from Sea in the driest seasons to serve for the Inland Navigation, which by means of so many branches is the most extensive in England; so that commerce and trade was constantly maintained up the River Nene to Well, March and Peterborow, above fifty miles from Lenne (Lynn) into Northamp- ton, Rutland, Lincoln, Nottingham and Leicester- shires, with vessels of fifteen tuns, which easily passed loaden in the driest seasons. And up the River Ouse they could sail with forty tuns freight thirty- six miles at least from Lenne at ordinary neip tides; and great and constant commerce was held to Cambridge, Bedford, &c., and between Cambridge and St Ives, Huntingdon, St. Neot, Bedford and places adjacent, with a burden of fifteen tun, which is ninety miles from Lenne by water." ་ INLAND NAVIGATION 19 1726 Act for making the River Dun (Yorkshire) navigable from Holmstile in Doncaster to Tinsley. Act for cleaning, deepening and widening Beverley Beck (Yorkshire). 1729 Act for making the River Stroudwater (Gloucestershire) navigable from the Severn at Framilode to Wallbridge, Stroud; but not carried into effect. C 2 20 A CHRONOLOGY OF 1736 Francis, Duke of Bridgewater, "Father of Inland Navi- gation," born May 21: constructor of the Bridge- water Canal. 1737 Act for making Worsley Brook navigable to the Irwell but not carried out. Act for River Roden (Essex) Navigation. INLAND NAVIGATION 21 1739 Act for River Medway (Upper) Navigation as carried out, and the Company of Proprietors of the Navigation of the River Medway incorporated. 1745 William Jessop born: Engineer of the Grand Junction, Grantham, Barnsley, Nottingham and Cromford Canals; and of the Leicester, Horncastle, and River Ouse (Sussex) Navigations. 1748 Denver Sluice, on Old River Ouse (Bedford), rebuilt. л . : 2 22 A CHRONOLOGY OF 1749 Act for River Lune (Lancashire) Navigation. 1750 1 1751 Act for the better regulating the navigation of the River Avon (Warwickshire), and for ascertaining the rates. of water carriage upon the said river. Act for making the River Narr (Norfolk) navigable from Lynn to Westacre. INLAND NAVIGATION 23 1752 1753 1754 Act for improving and preserving the navigation of the Old River Nene from Salter's Lode Sluice, Norfolk, to Stanground Sluice, Peterborough, and from Floods Ferry to Ramsey High Lode, and also the naviga- tion from the Old Bedford Sluice to the River Nene in the parish of Ramsey. All of which is now part of the Middle Level Navigation. 24 A CHRONOLOGY OF 1755 Act for St. Helens, or Sankey, Canal, from the Mersey at the mouth of Sankey Brook to St. Helens. 1756 In May of this year the number of barges and trows on the River Severn, navigating from Welchpool and Poolstake downwards to Bristol, was 376. 1757 Act for River Blyth Navigation (Suffolk). Act for making the River Ivel navigable from the Ouse at Tempsford to Shefford. Thomas Telford, born August 9, Engineer of the Ellesmere, Caledonian, Birmingham and Liver- pool Junction, and Macclesfield Canals, and other important canal works. INLAND NAVIGATION 25 1758 Act for Calder and Hebble Navigation. 1759 First Act for Bridgewater Canal from Worsley to Man- chester, with a branch to Hollin Ferry, to cross the River Irwell by locking down to it on both sides; but not carried into effect. First Act for River Stort Navigation from Bishop's Stort- ford to the Lee; but not carried into effect. Act for Stroudwater Navigation; under this Act the navi- gation was constructed without locks, in order to prevent the mill-owners from being deprived of water, the cargoes being placed in boxes which were transferred into other boats at every mill by means of cranes. This scheme was persevered in nearly to the ruin of the projectors. Act reconstituting the River Weaver Trust, whereby 105 gentlemen of the County of Cheshire were appointed Trustees. 26 A CHRONOLOGY OF 1760 Act for extending the navigation of the River Wey from Guildford to Godalming. Amended Act for Bridgewater Canal to cross River Irwell on the level by means of Barton Aqueduct; also authorising short branch to Longford Bridge, and abandoning branch to Hollin Ferry. Barton Aqueduct of Bridgewater Canal commenced, September. 1761 Bridgewater Canal from Worsley to Manchester com- pleted. Barton Aqueduct of the Bridgewater Canal opened, July 17. John Rennie born, June 7. Engineer of the Kennet and Avon, Rochdale, and Lancaster Canals. Nene River; Upper Navigation, from Thrapston to Northampton, opened August 7. INLAND NAVIGATION 27 1762 Act for extending the Bridgewater Canal from Longford Bridge to the Mersey at Runcorn. Act for extending the St. Helen's, or Sankey Canal to Fiddler's Ferry on the Mersey. 1763 Act for Louth Navigation (Lincolnshire) from the Humber to the town of Louth. 1764 Great sluice on the River Witham at Boston constructed by Smeaton. 28 A CHRONOLOGY OF . 1765 1766 Act for Trent and Mersey Canal. Act for Staffordshire and Worcestershire Canal. Act for Chelmer and Blackwater Navigation, but not carried into effect. Act for River Stort Navigation, as carried out, and works commenced September 24. Act for Loughborough Navigation, but not carried into effect. Act for Kidwelly Canal. River Lee Navigation Improvement Act, under which Limehouse Cut was constructed. First sod of Trent and Mersey Canal cut by Josiah Wedgwood, July 26. INLAND NAVIGATION 29 1767 Act for Driffield Navigation (Yorkshire). Act for Ancholme Drainage and Navigation (Lincoln- shire). Act for River Ure, or Ripon and Boroughbridge, Naviga- tion (Yorkshire). Bridgewater Canal from Longford Bridge to the top part of Runcorn opened. Locks on Calder and Hebble Navigation, as originally erected by Smeaton, destroyed by floods, October 8. 30 A CHRONOLOGY OF 1768 Act for Coventry Canal. Act for Droitwich Canal. Act for Birmingham Canal Navigations, canal from Birmingham to Autherley. Act for Forth and Clyde Canal. Act for Oxford Canal. 1769 Birmingham Canal Navigations from Wednesbury to Birmingham, completed November 6. River Stort Navigation completed, two loaded barges arriving at Bishop's Stortford, October 24. INLAND NAVIGATION 31 1770 Act for Leeds and Liverpool Canal. Act providing that all barges or other vessels going upon the River Trent from Wilden Ferry to Gainsborough should be numbered and have the name and resi- dence of the owner marked thereon, under a penalty of five pounds, great irregularities and continual trespass on the lands adjoining the river having been committed by the boatmen. Act for Monkland Canal (Scotland). Act for Chesterfield Canal. Act for Bradford Canal. 177I 1 · 32 A CHRONOLOGY, OF 1772 Act for Chester Canal Navigation. Act for Market Weighton Canal. Staffordshire and Worcestershire Canal completed; con- tains first narrow boat lock constructed in England, which was also Brindley's first canal lock, at Comp- ton, near Tettenhall. Communication between Birmingham and Wolverhamp- ton Canal, and Staffordshire and Worcestershire Canal, opened at Aldersley. Chesterfield Canal commenced. Act for improving and completing the navigation of that part of the River Trent called Newark Dyke, and appointing commissioners of the same and em- powering that barges thereon be haled by men only. James Brindley died, September 27. Locks of Bridgewater Canal at Runcorn opened Decem- ber 31, when the Heart of Oak, a vessel of 50 tons burden for Liverpool, passed through them. INLAND NAVIGATION 33 * 1773 Act for making and extending the navigation of the River Bure (Norfolk). Kinderley's Cut, at the mouth of the River Nene, con- structed. 1774 Act for Sir J. Ramsden's, or Huddersfield Broad Canal. Act for Bude Canal (Cornwall), but not carried into effect. Bradford Canal completed. First meeting of the commissioners for constructing the Stroudwater Canal held, December 24. D 34 A CHRONOLOGY OF 1775 Oxford Canal completed from Longford to Napton. Leeds and Liverpool Canal opened from Liverpool to Newburgh. Norwood Tunnel, Chesterfield Canal, completed, May 9. Act for Gresley Canal. Act for Stourbridge Canal. 1776 Act for Caldon Branch, Trent and Mersey Canal. Act for Dudley Canal. Act for Loughborough Navigation, as constructed. Aire and Calder Navigation, size of locks increased and depth of water to 5 feet. Chester Canal from Chester to Nantwich completed. Chesterfield Canal completed. INLAND NAVIGATION 35 Act for Erewash Canal. 1777 Harecastle Old Tunnel, on summit level of Trent and Mersey Canal, opened; completing main line of the canal from Preston Brook to Wilden Ferry. This tunnel, which is 2897 yards long and has a minimum width of 8 feet 6 inches, and height above water- level of 5 feet 10 inches, took eleven years to con- struct. Leeds and Liverpool Canal opened from Leeds to Holm- bridge, when work was stopped until 1790. Stroudwater Canal partly opened, and first tolls received, April 3. Louth Navigation leased for ninety years to Mr. Chaplin. Act for Basingstoke Canal. 1778 Oxford Canal completed to Banbury, March, and work stopped until April 1786. Branch from Haddlesey to Selby, Aire and Calder Navi- gation, completed. First payment of £1500 made by the River Weaver Trustees out of the profits of the navigation, to the County of Cheshire for public purposes. D 2 1 36 A CHRONOLOGY OF 1779 Stroudwater Canal fully opened, July 24. 1780 Act for Thames and Severn Canal. 1781 1782 Foss Dyke Canal deepened to 3 feet 6 inches. INLAND NAVIGATION 37 1783 Act for Birmingham and Fazeley Canal and Digbeth Branch of same. Act for purchase of River Douglas Navigation by Leeds and Liverpool Canal. Act empowering barges on the River Trent to be haled by horses between Wilden Ferry and Burton-upon- Trent. Act for improving the navigation of the River Trent from Wilden Ferry to Gainsborough, authorising a depth of 24 to 27 inches, and empowering barges to be haled by horses between the above places. River Thames made navigable to Lechlade. 1784 38 A CHRONOLOGY OF 1785 Act for River Arun Navigation (Sussex). 1786 Work on Oxford Canal recommenced from Banbury towards Oxford. 1787 Canal between Fradley and Whittington Brook (5 miles) constructed by Trent and Mersey Canal, conveyed to Coventry Canal. Work commenced to cut down summit level of the Bir- mingham and Wolverhampton Canal of the Birming- ham Canal Navigations at Smethwick, executed in 2 years. INLAND NAVIGATION 39 1788 Act for Shropshire Canal. Sapperton Tunnel, on summit level of Thames and Severn Canal, visited by King George the Third when in course of construction, July 19. First canal inclined plane in England made by William Reynolds on Ketley Canal in Shropshire: a copper medal or halfpenny being struck to commemorate it. Act for Andover Canal. 1789 First vessel passed through Sapperton Tunnel, Thames and Severn Canal, April 20. Act for Cromford Canal. First attempt at using steam power on canals made on Forth and Clyde Canal with Symington's boat. Thames and Severn Canal completed, first vessel (30 tons burden) passing from the Severn into the Thames at Inglesham, November 19. 40 A CHRONOLOGY OF 1790 Oxford Canal completed and opened to Oxford, Janu- ary 1. Act for Glamorganshire Canal. Act for Stowmarket and Ipswich Navigation. Act for River Ouse Navigation (Sussex). Coventry Canal opened from Coventry to Fradley. Birmingham and Fazeley Canal completed. Work on Leeds and Liverpool Canal recommenced at Holmbridge. Forth and Clyde Canal completed. Ouse Haling Ways Commissioners incorporated to main- tain the haling ways of the River Ouse (Bedford), between Denver Sluice and King's Lynn. INLAND NAVIGATION 4I 1791 Act for Royal Military, or Shorncliffe and Rye Canal. Act for Leicester and Melton Mowbray Navigation. Act for Worcester and Birmingham Canal. Act for Hereford and Gloucester Canal. Act for Manchester, Bolton and Bury Canal. Act for Kington and Leominster Canal. Act for Leicester Navigation. Act for Neath Canal (Glamorganshire). 42 A CHRONOLOGY OF 1792 Act for Nottingham Canal. Act for Ashton Canal. Act for Lancaster Canal. Act for Monmouthshire Canal. Act for Horncastle Navigation. Act for Medway (Lower) Navigation, but not carried into effect. Act for Wyrley and Essington Canal. Shropshire Canal completed. Act for Coombe Hill Canal. INLAND NAVIGATION 43 1793 Act for Oakham Canal. Act for River Foss Navigation (Yorkshire). Act for Grantham Canal. Act for Ulverston Canal. Act for Nutbrook Canal. Act for Derby Canal. Act for Chelmer and Blackwater Navigation. Act for vesting the Navigation of the River Avon (War- wickshire), late the property of Mr. George Perrott, in trustees. Act for Grand Junction Canal, and the Northampton and Old Stratford branches of the same. Act for Caistor Canal. Act for Shrewsbury Canal, and purchase by them of I mile 188 yards of the Ketley Canal. Act for Stainforth and Keadby Canal. Act for Dearne and Dove Canal. } t + 44 A CHRONOLOGY OF Act for Stratford-upon-Avon Canal. Act for Brecon and Abergavenny Canal. Act for Ellesmere Canal. Act for Warwick and Birmingham Canal. Act for Old Union Canal, alias Leicestershire and North- amptonshire Union Canal. Act for Gloucester and Berkeley Ship Canal. Act for Aberdare Canal. Act for Barnsley Canal. Act for Crinan Canal (Scotland). INLAND NAVIGATION 45 1794 Act for Montgomeryshire Canal. Act for Sleaford Navigation. Act for Somersetshire Coal Canal. Act for Wisbech Canal. Act for Peak Forest Canal. Act for Huddersfield Narrow Canal. Act for Swansea Canal. Glamorganshire Canal opened between Merthyr Tydfil and Cardiff, February. Leicester Navigation completed, February. Act for branches to Buckingham, Aylesbury and Wen- dover, Grand Junction Canal. Act for Warwick and Braunston Canal, but not carried into effect. Act for Walsall Branch, Birmingham Canal Navigations. Act for Rochdale Canal. Act for Kennet and Avon Canal. 46 A CHRONOLOGY OF Act for Ashby Canal. Act for deepening the Trent Navigation to 30 inches, and for making the side cuts at Sawley, Thrumpton, Beeston and Holme. The cost of boats 70 feet long by 7 feet wide, carrying 20 to 22 tons, at this time stated to be from £90 to £100 each. Grand Junction Canal opened from Brentford to Ux- bridge, November 3. ९ INLAND NAVIGATION 47 1795 Act for extension of Bridgewater Canal from Stretford to Leigh. Act for Paddington Branch, Grand Junction Canal. Act for Wilts and Berks Canal. Act for Newcastle-under-Lyme Canal. Act for Ivelchester and Langport Canal. Act for making a junction at Kingswood between the Stratford-upon-Avon and Warwick and Birmingham Canals. First stone of Pontcysyllte Aqueduct of Ellesmere Canal laid, July 25. Act for Eau Brink Cut, River Ouse (Bedford), and Eau Brink Navigation Commissioners incorporated. 48 A CHRONOLOGY OF 1796 Act for Salisbury and Southampton Canal. Act for Grand Western Canal. Act for River Tamar Navigation. Act for Warwick and Napton Canal. Basingstoke Canal completed. First vessel entered Chelmer and Blackwater Navigation, February. First vessel navigated Pontypool section of Monmouth- shire Canal, March 2. Foulridge Tunnel, Leeds and Liverpool Canal, opened, May I. Braunston Tunnel, Grand Junction Canal, completed, June 6. First stone of Chirk Aqueduct, Ellesmere Canal, laid, June 17. Last arch of Lancaster Aqueduct, Lancaster Canal, com- pleted, July. INLAND NAVIGATION 49 1797 Act for branch canal to Leek, from the Caldon Branch of the Trent and Mersey Canal. Steamboat tried on the St. Helens Canal. Ashton Canal completed. Shrewsbury Canal completed. Westhill Tunnel, Worcester and Birmingham Canal, com- pleted. Grand Junction Canal completed from Braunston to north end of Blisworth Tunnel, November. E 50 A CHRONOLOGY OF Swansea Canal completed. 1798 Huddersfield Narrow Canal, from Huddersfield to Marsden, and from Ashton to Staleybridge, opened. Hereford and Gloucester Canal, from Gloucester to Ledbury, opened, March 30. Kennet and Avon Canal, from Reading to Hungerford, opened, October. INLAND NAVIGATION 51 1799 Warwick and Birmingham Canal completed. Warwick and Napton Canal completed. Barnsley Canal completed and opened, June 8. Walsall branch, Birmingham Canal Navigations, com- pleted. Grand Junction Canal, from Brentford to Bulbourne (near Tring), completed; also Wendover Branch. 1800 Act for Thames and Medway Canal. Grand Junction Canal opened from Brentford to the south end of Blisworth Tunnel. Buckingham Branch of Grand Junction Canal com- menced. Peak Forest Canal completed and opened, May 1. E 2 1. י 52 A CHRONOLOGY OF 1801 Act for Grand Surrey Canal. Act for Leven Canal. Buckingham Branch of Grand Junction Canal completed and opened, May 1. Kennet and Avon Canal opened from Bath to Devizes, May. Gannow Tunnel, Leeds and Liverpool Canal, completed, May. Paddington Branch of Grand Junction Canal opened, July IO. Chirk Aqueduct, Ellesmere Canal, completed at a cost of £20,898. 1802 Act for Substitution of 22 locks for the inclined plane at Coombe Hay on Somersetshire Coal Canal (executed at a cost of £45,000). Horncastle Navigation opened, September 16. Act for River Axe Navigation (Somerset). Act for Medway (Lower Navigation), as carried out. Nottingham Canal completed. INLAND NAVIGATION 53 1803 Act for Tavistock Canal. Francis, Duke of Bridgewater, died, March 8. Pontcysyllte Aqueduct, Ellesmere Canal, completed at cost of £47,069. Act for Caledonian Canal. The Northampton Mercury of December 24, describing the Smithfield Cattle Show, says, "Some of the oxen were uncommonly fine in their proportions. The oxen of Mr. Westcar (of Aylesbury) were universally allowed to be great beauties. They have also the advantage over those which travelled to town, that they were brought up unfatigued by their journey, as Mr. Westcar lives near the Grand Junction Canal." Act incorporating "The Company of Proprietors of the River Severn Horse Towing Path Extension," and empowering them to construct a horse towing path on the banks of the Severn from Bewdly to Worcester. 54 A CHRONOLOGY OF 1804 Dearne and Dove Canal completed. Rochdale Canal completed, and opened December 21. Caledonian Canal commenced. Ashby Canal opened. 1805 Blisworth Tunnel, Grand Junction Canal, opened March 25, completing main line of the canal from Brentford to Braunston. The first boat to pass the tunnel was the Marquis of Buckingham, one of the Paddington Packet Boats. Wolverton Aqueduct over the River Ouse, Grand Junction Canal, opened August 26; superseding eight locks, four down to and four up from the river on each side. River Derwent (Yorkshire) made navigable from beyond New Malton to Yeadingham. INLAND NAVIGATION 55 1806 Act for River Ribble Navigation. Act for Glasgow, Paisley and Johnstone Canal. The Times of December 19 contains the following announcement: "The first division of the troops that are to proceed by Paddington Canal for Liverpool, and thence by transports for Dublin, will leave Paddington to-day, and will be followed by others to-morrow and on Sunday. By this mode of con- veyance the men will be only seven days in reaching Liverpool." 1807 Act for River Adur Navigation (Sussex). Act for Weston Canal of River Weaver Navigation, and depth of the navigation increased to seven feet throughout. 56 A CHRONOLOGY OF 1808 Act for River Tees Navigation (Durham), 1809 Patent perpendicular lift for canal boats, invented by John Woodhouse, erected on the Worcester and Birmingham Canal at Tardebigge. 1810 Act for Grand Union Canal. Act for the erection of locks at Chertsey, Shepperton, Sunbury, and Teddington on the Thames by the Corporation of London. Kennet and Avon Canal completely opened, December 28. INLAND NAVIGATION 57 1811 Act incorporating "The Company of Proprietors of the Gloucester and Worcester Horse Towing Path," for constructing a horse towing path on the banks of the Severn from Worcester to Gloucester. Act for Bridgwater and Taunton Canal. Act for Regent's Canal. 1812 Act for the erection of a lock at East Molesey on the Thames by the Corporation of London. Act for North Walsham and Dilham Canal. 58 A CHRONOLOGY OF 1813 Act for Wey and Arun Junction Canal. Act for North Wilts Canal. Act to enable the Kennet and Avon Canal Company to raise money to purchase the shares of the River Kennet Navigation. Ellesmere Canal and Chester Canal amalgamate, becom- ing Ellesmere and Chester Canal. Aylesbury Arm of Grand Junction Canal constructed during this year and the next. 1814 Act for the erection of a lock at Penton Hook on the Thames by the Corporation of London. Northampton Branch, Grand Junction Canal, commenced. Grand Union Canal opened, August 9. Grand Western Canal, section from Loudwell to Tiverton, opened August 25. William Jessop died. Act for Newport Pagnell Canal. INLAND NAVIGATION 59 1815 Act for Pocklington Canal. This canal was completed for a less sum than the original estimate; Mr. George Leather, engineer. Act for Sheffield Canal. Act for making a junction between the Birmingham Canal Navigations and the Worcester and Birmingham Canal in Birmingham, hitherto separated by a dis- tance of 7 feet 3 inches. Northampton Branch, Grand Junction Canal, opened, May 1. 60 A CHRONOLOGY OF 1816 Leeds and Liverpool Canal completed, last section of main line from Wigan to Blackburn being opened. 1817 Act for Portsmouth and Arundel Canal. Eau Brink Cut, River Ouse (Bedford), commenced. Act for Edinburgh and Glasgow Union Canal. 1818 INLAND NAVIGATION 61 1819 Act for Leigh Branch of the Leeds and Liverpool Canal. Act for Bude Canal, as constructed. North Wilts Canal opened, April 2. Act for Carlisle Canal. Killington Reservoir, Lancaster Canal, completed, capa- city 700,000,000 gallons. 1820 Works commenced for lengthening and widening Exeter Canal, at a cost of £113,000. Act for Knottingley and Goole Canal, of Aire and Calder Navigation. Aire and Calder Navigation, size of locks increased and depth of water to 7 feet. Regent's Canal completed. 62 A CHRONOLOGY OF · 1821 Act for Guilsfield Branch, Montgomeryshire Canal. Leigh Branch of the Leeds and Liverpool Canal com- pleted. Eau Brink Cut, River Ouse (Bedford), completed. North Wilts Canal amalgamated with Wilts and Berks Canal. John Rennie died, October 4. 1822 Caledonian Canal completed, October 30. Edinburgh and Glasgow Union Canal completed. INLAND NAVIGATION 63 1823 Act for Harecastle New Tunnel, Trent and Mersey Canal. Act for Kensington Canal. 1824 Act obtained for the Hertford Union Canal, or Duckett's Canal, by the second Sir George Duckett (canal known afterwards as "Duckett's Folly "). Trent and Mersey Canal, Harecastle New Tunnel com- menced. Sixty-nine British and five foreign vessels entered the Port of Exeter by the Exeter Canal during this year. The first Sir George Duckett, constructor and owner of the River Stort Navigation, died. 64 A CHRONOLOGY OF 1825 Act for Halifax branch of Calder and Hebble Navigation (cost £58,741). Act for Baybridge Canal (Sussex). Act for Liskeard Canal (Cornwall). 1826 Act for Birmingham and Liverpool Junction Canal. Act for Macclesfield Canal. Act authorising junction of Barbridge and Middlewich Branch of Ellesmere and Chester Canal with Trent and Mersey Canal at Middlewich, previously author- ised to within 100 yards only. Knottingley and Goole Canal, of Aire and Calder Naviga- tion, opened. Act for Alford Canal. Lancaster Canal completed. INLAND NAVIGATION 65 1827 Trent and Mersey Canal, Harecastle new tunnel com- pleted April 30, at a cost of £112,681; 8,814,000 bricks used. Trent and Mersey Canal, Act for branch to Hall Green. River Thames, Watermen's Co. incorporated. Act for Norwich and Lowestoft Navigation. Gloucester and Berkeley Ship Canal completed. Act for Newport branch of Birmingham and Liverpool Junction Canal. Act for Glastonbury Navigation (Somerset). Act for improving the outfall of the River Nene, and the drainage of the lands discharging their waters. into the Wisbech river, and the navigation of the Wisbech river from the upper end of Kinderley's Cut to the sea. The South Level Commissioners incorporated to improve the drainage and navigations of the portion of the Bedford Level called the South Level. F 66 OF OGY A CHRONOLOGY OF 1828 1829 Oxford Canal, improvements commenced for shortening distance between Napton and Braunston by 14 miles. 1830 Act empowering Ellesmere and Chester Canal Co. to become carriers. River Nene new outfall works authorised by Act of 1827 completed. Act for extension of the St. Helen's, or Sankey Canal from Fidler's Ferry to Widnes. INLAND NAVIGATION 67 1831 1832 Ellesmere and Chester Canal completed. 1833 F 2 68 A CHRONOLOGY OF 1834 Birmingham and Liverpool Junction Canal completed. Thomas Telford died, September 2. Oxford Canal, improvements completed shortening dis- tance between Napton and Braunston by 14 miles. Grand Western Canal, section from Loudwell to Taunton constructed, during this and the two following years. 1835 Birmingham Canal Navigations. The present company incorporated on the dissolution of an older company. Act for Titford Canal, Birmingham Canal Navigations. 1 INLAND NAVIGATION 69 1836 Act for Manchester and Salford Junction Canal, to connect Rochdale Canal with River Irwell. Steam tugs first used on Aire and Calder Navigation. Kensington Canal vested in West London Railway. 1837 Act for Stourbridge Extension Canal. Ouse Banks Commissioners incorporated: to maintain and repair the banks of the River Ouse (Bedford) between Denver Sluice and the commencement of the Eau Brink Cut (divided into six districts). 70 A CHRONOLOGY OF 1 1838 1839 Act for Tame Valley Canal, Birmingham Canal Naviga- tions. INLAND NAVIGATION 71 1840 Act for Rushall Canal and Bentley Canal, Birmingham Canal Navigations. Wyrley and Essington Canal amalgamated with Birming- ham Canal Navigations. Act for Birmingham and Warwick Junction Canal. Foss Dyke Canal, width increased to 45 feet, and depth to 6 feet. Act to provide for keeping the peace on canals and navi- gable rivers. Manchester and Salford Junction Canal purchased by Mersey and Irwell Navigation. 1841 72 A CHRONOLOGY OF 1842 River Severn Navigation Trust formed, and old staunches on the river removed. Birmingham and Warwick Junction Canal completed, at a cost of £170,036. Act empowering River Weaver Trustees to build and endow three churches. 1843 Hatherton Branch, Staffordshire and Worcestershire Canal constructed (without an Act of Parliament). INLAND NAVIGATION 73 1844 Diglis Locks, Worcester, on River Severn, completed. Mersey and Irwell Navigation purchased by the Bridge- water Trustees, owners of the Bridgewater Canal. 1845 Huddersfield Narrow Canal (19 miles) vested in Hud- dersfield and Manchester Railway and Canal Co. Norwich and Lowestoft Navigation (30 miles) purchased by Eastern Counties Railway. St. Helen's, or Sankey Canal (162 miles), vested in St. Helen's Canal and Railway Co. River Ure, or Ripon and Boroughbridge Navigation (7 miles), purchased by Leeds and Thirsk Railway. Thames and Medway Canal (62 miles) purchased by Gravesend and Rochester Railway and Canal Co., portion of canal converted into a railway, and name of remainder altered to Gravesend and Rochester Canal. 74 A CHRONOLOGY OF Income of River Severn Navigation guaranteed by Oxford, Worcester and Wolverhampton Railway, to the extent of £14,000 a year. Act passed to enable Canal Companies to become carriers. Leeds and Liverpool Canal Co. become carriers. 1846 Ashby Canal (30 miles) purchased by Midland Railway Co. for £109,900. Birmingham Canal Navigations (160 miles) guaranteed in perpetuity 4 per cent. dividend by London and North Western Railway. Chesterfield Canal (46 miles) leased in perpetuity to Manchester, Sheffield and Lincolnshire Railway. Foss Dyke Canal (10 miles) leased for 894 years to Great Northern Railway, at a yearly rental of £9570 5s. 3d. Grantham Canal (33 miles) and Nottingham Canal (14 miles) acquired by Nottingham and Grantham Railway Co. INLAND NAVIGATION 75 Stowmarket and Ipswich Navigation (16 miles) leased for 42 years to Eastern Counties Railway. Macclesfield Canal (261 miles) and Peak Forest Canal (15 miles) leased in perpetuity to Manchester, Sheffield and Lincolnshire Railway. Manchester, Bolton and Bury Canal (16 miles) amalga- mated with Manchester and Leeds Railway. + Monmouthshire Canal Co., owners of Monmouthshire Canal (20 miles) become a railway company under the name of Monmouthshire Railway and Canal Co. Stratford-upon-Avon Canal (25 miles) and Stourbridge Extension Canal (3 miles) purchased by Oxford, Worcester and Wolverhampton Railway, the former for £173,322 and the latter for £49,437. Trent and Mersey Canal (116 miles) purchased by North Staffordshire Railway Co. for £1,170,000 5 per cent. Preference Stock. Witham Navigation (31 miles) leased for 999 years to Great Northern Railway Co. at a yearly rental of £10,545. Gravesend and Rochester Railway and Canal Co. owners of Gravesend and Rochester Canal, purchased by South Eastern Railway. 1 1 . 1. 76 A CHRONOLOGY OF Shropshire Union Railways and Canal Co., amal- gamating the late Ellesmere and Chester Canal, Birmingham and Liverpool Junction Canal, Shrews- bury Canal, and Montgomeryshire Canal, incorpo- rated. Monkland Canal sold to Forth and Clyde Canal. Dudley Canal amalgamated with Birmingham Canal Navigations. Weirs on River Derwent Navigation between New Malton and Yeadingham removed, in order to improve the drainage of the district. INLAND NAVIGATION 77 1847 Sir J. Ramsden's Canal, or Huddersfield Broad Canal (3 miles) vested in Huddersfield and Manchester Railway and Canal Co. Dearne and Dove Canal (15 miles), River Dun Naviga- gation (39 miles), and Stainforth and Keadby Canal (12 miles), purchased by South Yorkshire Railway. Unexpired portion of lease of Louth Navigation (12 miles), for 90 years from 1777 to Mr. Chaplin, pur- chased by East Lincolnshire Railway. Market Weighton Canal (9 miles) and Pocklington Canal (9 miles) purchased by York and North Midland Railway. Huddersfield and Manchester Railway and Canal Co., owners of the Huddersfield Narrow Coal and Sir J. Ramsden's Canal, vested in London and North Western Railway. Shropshire Union Railways and Canal Co. (2032 miles), leased in perpetuity under guarantee to London and North Western Railway. Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway incorporated, absorbing Manchester and Leeds Railway, owners of Man- chester, Bolton and Bury Canal. 78 A CHRONOLOGY OF Act for winding-up Kington and Leominster Canal Co., and for sale of the site of the canal. Act to enable Canal Companies to borrow money for the purpose of becoming carriers. 1848 Ashton Canal (17 miles), leased in perpetuity to Man- chester, Sheffield and Lincolnshire Railway. Sheffield Canal (3½ miles), leased for 999 years to Man- chester, Sheffield and Lincolnshire Railway. East Lincolnshire Railway, lessees of Louth Navigation, leased in perpetuity to Great Northern Railway. Crinan Canal vested in Caledonian Canal. INLAND NAVIGATION 79 1849 Vertical lift bridge of London, Brighton and South Coast Railway over Grand Surrey Canal, near New Cross, constructed. Edinburgh and Glasgow Union Canal (32 miles) purchased by North British Railway for £209,000. 80 A CHRONOLOGY OF 1850 Monkland, Canal, inclined plane at Blackhill, completed at a cost of £13,000, July. 1851 INLAND NAVIGATION 81 1852 Kennet and Avon Canal (86 miles) purchased by Great Western Railway for £147,462 Rent-charge Stock, and £62,953, 4 per cent. Debenture Stock. Act for Droitwich Junction Canal. Droitwich Junction Canal leased to Worcester and Bir- mingham Canal for 99 years, at an annual rental of £1200. Nene Valley Drainage and Navigation Improvement Act passed, under which Commissioners were appointed to improve the navigation between Northampton and Wisbech. G 82 A CHRONOLOGY OF 1853 Merchandise traffic of the Leeds and Liverpool Canal leased to London and North-Western, Midland, and Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway Cos. for 21 years (from August 4). Act for Runcorn and Weston Canal. Section of Portsmouth and Arundel Navigation, between Hunston Bridge and the River Arun at Ford, Sussex, fell into disuse about this time. River Foss Navigation purchased by the Corporation of York for £4000. INLAND NAVIGATION 83 1854 Act for Cannock Extension, Netherton Tunnel Branch, and Two Lock Line, of Birmingham Canal Naviga- tions. Act for the better regulation of the traffic on railways and canals. Leeds and Thirsk Railway, owners of River Ure or Ripon and Boroughbridge Navigation, acquired by North Eastern Railway. York and North Midland Railway, owners of Pocklington Canal and Market Weighton Canal, acquired by North Eastern Railway. Barnsley Canal leased to Aire and Calder Navigation for 21 years (from November 20). G 2 84 A CHRONOLOGY OF 1855 Rochdale Canal leased to the London and North Western, North Eastern, Lancashire and Yorkshire, and Manchester, Sheffield and Lincolnshire Railways for 21 years, the terms of which lease were subsequently continued year by year until 1888. Last barge passed from the Thames and Severn Canal down the Thames to Oxford (March). Act for purchase of Hertford Union Canal, alias Duckett's Canal, by Regent's Canal Co. River Derwent Navigation (40 miles) acquired by trus- tees representing the North Eastern Railway, for £40,000. 1856 INLAND NAVIGATION 85 • 1857 Shropshire Canal Co. dissolved; portion of canal con- verted into a railway; portion vested in Shropshire Union Railway and Canal Co.; portion vested in London and North Western Railway. Tramway between Lancaster Canal, north end and south end abandoned (about 5 miles long). Conservators of the River Thames incorporated, and the control of the Lower River Navigation (from Staines to Yantlet) taken over by them from the Corpora- tion of the City of London. Messrs. Gurney and Co., Bankers, Norwich, take over the River Stort Navigation from the second Sir George Duckett. 86 A CHRONOLOGY OF 1858 Lock and weir at Tewkesbury on River Severn, com- pleted. Andover Canal Co. dissolved, and canal sold to Andover and Redbridge Railway Co., and converted into a railway. 1859 West London Railway, owners of Kensington Canal, vested in West London Extension Railway on its incorporation; who convert 1 mile 28 chains of the canal into a railway, leaving 33 chains open. Act to enable the Corporation of York to abandon the River Foss Navigation, with the exception of the last two miles before its junciion with the River Ouse. INLAND NAVIGATION 87 1860 Steam tugs first used on Gloucester and Berkeley Ship Canal. Churchbridge Branch, Birmingham Canal Navigations, constructed. River Avon (Upper Navigation) from Evesham to Stratford-on-Avon purchased by Mr. Broughton, an officer of the Oxford, Worcester and Wolver- hampton Railway, the railway company subsequently repaying him the purchase money. 1861 Nottingham and Grantham Railway; owners of Notting- ham Canal and Grantham Canal, leased to Great Northern Railway for 999 years from August 1. 88 A CHRONOLOGY OF 1862 Ulverston Canal (1 miles) purchased by Furness Railway Co., for £22,004 155. Stover Canal, originally constructed by the Duke of Somerset, purchased by Moretonhampstead and South Devon Railway, for £8000. St. Germain's Sluice, at mouth of Middle Level Drain, gave way, bursting western bank of the drain and flooding 6000 acres of land, May. Great Eastern Railway incorporated, absorbing Eastern Counties Railway, lessees of Stowmarket and Ipswich Navigation, and owners of Norwich and Lowestoft Navigation. Nene Valley Act passed, under which the incorporated Commissioners established in 1852 were dissolved, and two new sets of commissioners appointed: one set for the first and second divisions of the river from Northampton to Peterborough, and the other set for the third division of the river from Peterborough to Bevis Hall, two miles above Wisbech. Act to separate the Middle Level from the Bedford Level Corporation, and incorporation of Middle Level Commissioners. INLAND NAVIGATION 89 1863 Great Western Railway acquire Oxford, Worcester and Wolverhampton Railway; owners of Stratford-upon- Avon Canal, Stourbridge Extension Canal, guaran- tors of River Severn, and controllers of the River Avon (Upper Navigation). Act for sale of Newport Pagnell Canal to London and North Western Railway, portion to be converted into a railway. Worcester and Birmingham Canal passes into the hands of a receiver. 90 A CHRONOLOGY OF 1864 Grand Western Canal (30 miles) purchased by Bristol and Exeter Railway, for £30,640. Newcastle-under-Lyme Canal (2 miles) leased in per- petuity to North Staffordshire Railway Co., owners of Trent and Mersey Canal, at an annual rental of £536 10s. Lancaster Canal, north end, (60 miles) leased for 999 years to London and North Western Railway. Lancaster Canal, south end, (14 miles) leased for 999 years to Leeds and Liverpool Canal Co. St. Helen's Canal and Railway Co., owners of St. Helen's Canal, amalgamated with London and North Western Railway. Last dividend paid by Thames and Severn Canal. Grand Surrey Canal and Commercial Dock Co. amal- gamate, becoming Surrey Commercial Dock Co. INLAND NAVIGATION 91 1865 Brecon and Abergavenny Canal (34 miles) purchased by Monmouthshire Canal Co. (also a railway Co.), for £61,861. Calder and Hebble Navigation leased to Aire and Calder Navigation for 21 years, and guaranteed a dividend of 8 per cent., with option of purchase at a guaranteed dividend of 8 per cent. Duke of Bedford obtained a perpetual injunction against the Nene Navigation Commissioners (third division) to prevent them from removing the Northey Gravel Shoal in the River Nene below Peterborough. 92 A CHRONOLOGY OF 1866 Bridgwater and Taunton Canal (15 miles) purchased by Bristol and Exeter Railway, for £72,012 Thames Conservancy take over control of the Upper Thames Navigation, from Staines to Cricklade, from the Upper Thames Navigation Commissioners. Injunction obtained against the Bradford Canal Co. to prevent them causing a nuisance by the canal, which had become much polluted. Act for further improvement of River Weaver Navigation, and for locks 320 feet by 42 feet 6 inches, with 15 feet of water on sills. Conservancy of the Rivers Bure, Yare and Waveney, vested in the Great Yarmouth Port and Haven Commissioners. INLAND NAVIGATION 93 1867 Forth and Clyde Canal (53 miles) amalgamated with Caledonian Railway; the canal proprietors being incorporated as the Forth and Clyde Navigation Guaranteed Co., and being guaranteed by the Caledonian Railway Co. a fixed annuity of £71,333 6s. 8d., equal to 6 per cent. on the capital of the dissolved Canal Co. Lease of Louth Navigation for 90 years from 1777, held by Great Northern Railway, and originally granted to Mr. Chaplin, expires. Grand Western Canal, section from Loudwell to Taunton closed, 94 A CHRONOLOGY OF 1868 River Lee Conservancy Board incorporated. Fenny Compton tunnel (1200 yards long) on Summit Level of Oxford Canal, removed at a cost of £15,000. Act for abandonment of Wey and Arun Junction Canal. 1869 Act obtained for the erection of two locks and weirs at Gloucester on the River Severn-Llanthony and Maisemore. Glasgow, Paisley and Johnstone Canal vested in Glasgow and South Western Railway, and Canal Co. dis- solved. INLAND NAVIGATION 95 1870 Hereford and Gloucester Canal (34 miles) vested in Great Western Railway. Cromford Canal (16 miles) purchased by Midland Railway, for £93,500. The Radstock tramway of the Somersetshire Coal Canal purchased by the Somerset and Dorset Railway, for £20,000. 1871 Barnsley Canal, leased to Aire and Calder Navigation since 1854, purchased by them for £46,800. Bradford Canal, lower part sold to a new Co., small portion at upper end sold off. 1 96 A CHRONOLOGY OF 1872 Swansea Canal (17 miles) purchased by Great Western Railway, for £147,666. Moretonhampstead and South Devon Railway, owners of Stover Canal, vested in Great Western Railway. Act for the construction of a lift at Anderton, from the River Weaver to the Trent and Mersey Canal. Bridgewater Canal sold by the Bridgewater Trustees to the Bridgewater Navigation Co., for £989,612. INLAND NAVIGATION 97 1873 Railway and Canal Traffic Act passed, under which are appointed the Railway Commissioners. Tavistock Canal transferred to the Duke of Bedford. River Avon (Upper Navigation) from Evesham to Stratford-on-Avon ceased to be navigable. River Stort Navigation sold by Messrs. Gurney & Co., Bankers, Norwich, to Messrs. Truman, Hanbury, Buxton & Co. 1874 Gloucester and Berkeley Canal Co. become Sharpness New Docks and Gloucester and Birmingham Navi- gation Co. Sharpness New Docks opened. Worcester and Birmingham Canal, also lessees of Droit- wich Junction Canal, purchased by Sharpness New Docks and Gloucester and Birmingham Navigation Co. H 98. A CHRONOLOGY OF Droitwich Canal leased to Sharpness New Docks and Gloucester and Birmingham Navigation Co. for 999 years, at an annual rental of £1600. South Yorkshire Railway, owners of Dearne and Dove Canal, River Dun Navigation, and Stainforth and Keadby Canal, vested in Manchester, Sheffield and Lincolnshire Railway. Lease of merchandise traffic of Leeds and Liverpool Canal to London and North Western, Midland, and Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway Cos. for 21 years, lapsed on August 4. Bridgewater Navigation Co. commence the use of steam tugs on the Bridgewater Canal. Explosion of five tons of gunpowder on board Grand Junction Canal Co.'s boat "Tilbury," at Northgate Bridge, Regent's Canal, killing three men and doing great damage to surrounding property, October 2. INLAND NAVIGATION 99 1875 Anderton hydraulic lift from River Weaver to Trent and Mersey Canal, completed at a total cost of £48,428. Thames and Severn Canal Co. become carriers (June). Act for Romford Canal. Act for abandonment of Baybridge Canal. River Avon (Upper Navigation) from Evesham to Strat- ford-on-Avon, abandoned. Act for regulating the manufacture, keeping, selling and. carrying of explosives. H 2 100 A CHRONOLOGY OF 1876 Bristol and Exeter Railway, owners of Grand Western Canal, and Bridgwater and Taunton Canal, amalga- mated with Great Western Railway. Act for abandonment of Coombe Hill Canal, and dis- solution of Co. Act for closing River Ivel Navigation. Wilts and Berks Canal Co. incorporated, and the undertaking of the Wilts and Berks Canal Navi- gation transferred to them. INLAND NAVIGATION ΙΟΙ 1877 First Canal Boats Act, providing for registration of boats and appointment of Inspectors of boats. Act for abandonment of Leicester and Melton Mowbray Navigation, and dissolution of Co. Application made by Messrs. Foster Brothers, Gloucester, to the Railway Commissioners, to compel the Great Western Railway to maintain the River Avon (Upper Navigation) from Evesham to Stratford-on- Avon, which application was dismissed on the ground that the appellants were unable to show that the respondents were the owners of the navigation. 102 A CHRONOLOGY OF 1878 Act transferring Bradford Canal jointly to Leeds and Liverpool Canal and Aire and Calder Navigation. Act vesting in the Great Western Railway Co. and the Severn Navigation Commissioners, the undertakings of the Gloucester and Worcester Horse Towing Path Co. and the River Severn Horse Towing Path Extension Co. Act for closing the Sleaford Navigation, and for the dis- solution of the Co. INLAND NAVIGATION 103 1879 Foss Dyke Canal vested in Great Northern and Great Eastern Joint Railways. Act for Slough Branch of Grand Junction Canal. 1 1880 Monmouthshire Canal Co. (also a Railway Co.) vested in Great Western Railway. 104 A CHRONOLOGY OF 1881 Leicester Improvement Act, under which, to prevent floods, the Leicester Corporation, at a cost of £32,000, improved the channel of the River Soar through Leicester; the portion of which north of the West Bridge is part of the Leicester Navigation, and the portion south of the West Bridge part of the Old Union Canal. Act to enable the River Narr Navigation Commissioners to sell their undertaking to the Narr Valley Drain- age Board. Act for discontinuing the Glasgow, Paisley and Johnstone Canal of the Glasgow and South Western Railway. Forth and Clyde Navigation Guaranteed Co. dissolved, the proprietors receiving £1,783,333 6s. 8d., 4 per cent. guaranteed annuities stock of the Caledonian Railway Co. Conservators of the River Medway incorporated, in whom is vested the control of the river from Hawkwood to Sheerness. INLAND NAVIGATION 105 1882 Regent's Canal City and Docks Railway Co. incor- porated, and Regent's Canal (9 miles) vested in them. First meeting held at the house of Mr. Daniel Adamson to discuss the project of a Ship Canal from Man- chester to the sea, June 27. 106 A CHRONOLOGY OF 1883 House of Commons Select Committee on Canals. Slough Branch of Grand Junction Canal opened. Great Western Railway Co. acquire about four-fifths of the total shares in the Thames and Severn Canal Co., the offices of the Canal Co. being after this removed to Paddington Station. Act for regulating the navigation of the Thames between Cricklade and Yantlet Creek. Act transferring River Ribble Navigation to Corporation of Preston. Ashton, Peak Forest and Macclesfield Canals previously leased to, vested in Manchester, Sheffield and Lincolnshire Railway Co., and dissolution of Ashton Canal Co., Peak Forest Canal Co. and Maccles- field Canal Co. Act constituting the Regent's Canal a separate under- taking of the Regent's Canal, City and Docks Railway Co. INLAND NAVIGATION 107 1884 Canal Boats Amendment Act passed. Act to provide for the maintenance of the River Trent from Wilden Ferry to Gainsborough, dissolving the Company of Proprietors of the Trent Navigation, and the Trent Navigation and Carrying Co. Ltd., and incorporating the Trent Navigation Co. Trent Navigation Co. become carriers. Aire and Calder Navigation take over the Conservancy of the portion of the River Ouse (York) below Skelton Railway Bridge from the Corporation of York. 1885 Manchester Ship Canal Act passed (August). Lancaster Canal Co. dissolved, and the whole under- taking vested in the London and North Western Railway Co. Last dividend paid by Nutbrook Canal. 108 A CHRONOLOGY OF 1886 Sheffield Canal Co. dissolved, and Canal vested in Man- chester, Sheffield and Lincolnshire Railway Co. Manchester Ship Canal prospectus issued, July 20. Lease of Calder and Hebble Navigation to Aire and Calder Navigation for 21 years expires. 1887 Contract for Manchester Ship Canal let to Mr. T. Ä. Walker, June 8. Bridgewater Canals purchased by Manchester Ship Canal Co. for £1,710,000, August 4. First sod of Manchester Ship Canal cut by Lord Egerton of Tatton, November 11. Act for the improvement of the navigation of the River Trent from Wilden Ferry to Gainsborough, dissolving the Trent Navigation Co., and incorporating the Trent (Burton-on-Trent and Humber) Navigation Co., and for leasing to them for 99 years the Newark Dyke. INLAND NAVIGATION 109 1888 Railway and Canal Traffic Act passed, under which a new Railway and Canal Commission is appointed, having power to fix tolls and rates. Conference on Canals held at the Hall of the Society of Arts, May 10 and 11. Lease of Rochdale Canal to London and North Western, North Eastern, Lancashire and Yorkshire, and Man- chester, Sheffield and Lincolnshire Railways expires. This lease was granted in 1855 for 21 years, and was renewed annually from 1876 to this year. Rochdale Canal Co. become Carriers. Lease of Stowmarket and Ipswich Navigation to Great Eastern Railway, originally granted in 1846 for 42 years to Eastern Counties Railway, expires. River Stort Navigation sold by Messrs. Truman, Hanbury, Buxton & Co. to Mr. J. P. Davis. Last dividend paid by Wilts and Berks Canal. Naburn new lock, River Ouse (York), opened by Prince Albert Victor of Wales, July 27. IIO A CHRONOLOGY OF 1889 Act incorporating Sheffield and South Yorkshire Naviga- tion Co., to purchase the Sheffield Canal, Dearne and Dove Canal, River Dun Navigation, and Stain- forth and Keadby Canal from the Manchester, Sheffield and Lincolnshire Railway. Eastern Counties Navigation and Transport Co. incor- porated, to restore the navigation of the River Larke to Bury St. Edmunds, and for trading on the river and other adjoining waterways. Mr. T. A. Walker, the contractor for the Manchester Ship Canal, died November 25th. Last boat passed from the Great Western Railway Co.'s Hereford and Gloucester Canal to the River Severn. INLAND NAVIGATION III 1890 Act incorporating the River Wharfe Navigation Co., for making the River Wharfe navigable from Tadcaster to the River Ouse. Act to enable River Severn Commissioners to terminate arrangement whereby their income was guaranteed to the extent of £14,000 a year by the Great Western Railway, and to improve the river so as to give a depth of ten feet from Gloucester to Worcester, and seven feet from Worcester to Stourport, and to construct a dock at Diglis, Worcester. Act for new lock and weir on the Thames at Richmond. 1891 Act obtained for a canal to connect the Aire and Calder Navigation at Sykehouse Bridge with the River Dun Navigation at Bramwith Lock (not yet commenced). Water first let into the Manchester Ship Canal at Elles- mere Port, June 19. Act for the abandonment of Bude Harbour and portion of Bude Canal, and for the use of portion of the canal and reservoirs as waterworks. 112 A CHRONOLOGY OF 1892 Act for the transfer of the portion of the Portsmouth and Arundel Canal, between Chichester City and Chichester Harbour, to the Chichester Corpora- tion; and Portsmouth and Arundel Canal Co. wound up. Act for the transfer of the River Colne Navigation, from the Hythe at Colchester to Wivenhoe, to the Col- chester Corporation. Regent's Canal, City and Docks Railway Co. change their name to North Metropolitan Railway and Canal Co. Trent (Burton-on-Trent and Humber) Navigation Co. change their name to Trent Navigation Co. The Company of Proprietors of the Navigation of the River Medway change their name to the Medway (Upper) Navigation Co. Radcot new lock on the Thames, 26 miles above Oxford, completed. River Stour Navigation (Essex) became a limited liability Company, December 31. INLAND NAVIGATION 113 1893 River Ouse (Bedford) Navigation, from Holywell to Bedford, taken over by Mr. L. Simpson, January. Richmond new lock and weir on the Thames, opened by the Duke of York, May 19. Standedge Tunnel, on summit level of London and North Western Railway Co.'s Huddersfield Narrow Canal, closed for repairs for six months from June 10. Act dissolving Eau Brink Navigation Commissioners, River Ouse (Bedford), and transferring their duties to the South Level Commissioners. Manchester Ship Canal completely filled with water, November 25. Thames and Severn Canal, from near Chalford to Ingle- sham, closed, December 30. 114 A CHRONOLOGY OF 1894 Manchester Ship Canal opened for traffic, January 1. Manchester Ship Canal formally opened by the Queen, May 21. Sheffield and South Yorkshire Navigation Co. purchase the Sheffield Canal, Dearne and Dove Canal, River Dun Navigation, and the Stainforth and Keadby Canal, for £1,140,000, from the Manchester, Shef- field and Lincolnshire Railway, as authorised by Act of 1889. Grand Union Canal, and Old Union Canal (alias Leices- tershire and Northamptonshire Union Canal), pur- chased by the Grand Junction Canal Co. for £17,500, July. Eastern Counties Navigation and Transport Co. reopen the navigation of the River Larke up to Bury St. Edmund's, September. Middle Level Commissioners (Bedford Level) prohibit steam traffic on the waterways under their juris- diction. Act to amend and consolidate the Acts relating to the Conservancy of the Thames, whereby the number of the Conservators is increased from thirty to thirty- eight. INLAND NAVIGATION 115 Eastern Counties Navigation and Transport Co. passes into the hands of a receiver, December. 1895 Revised rates under Canal Rates, Tolls, and Charges Order Confirmation Acts, 1893 and 1894, come into force, January 1. Thames and Severn Canal Trust, consisting of representa- tives of the Sharpness New Docks and Gloucester and Birmingham Navigation Co., the Stroudwater Navigation, the Staffordshire and Worcestershire Canal Co., the Wilts and Berks Canal Co., the Severn Commissioners, the County Councils of Berkshire, Gloucestershire, and Wiltshire, the Town Council of Gloucester, and the Urban District Councils of Stroud and Cirencester, take over the Thames and Severn Canal from the Thames and Severn Canal Co., the shares in which Co. were held to the extent of about four-fifths of the whole by the Great Western Railway. River Ouse (Bedford) Navigation, from Holywell to Bedford, reopened after restoration. Basingstoke Canal purchased by Woking, Aldershot, and Basingstoke Canal and Navigation Co. I 2 116 INLAND NAVIGATION Act to substitute for the existing Trustees of the River Weaver Navigation, a representative Trust, consist- ing of thirty-eight Trustees. Northmoor new lock, on River Thames, 12 miles above Oxford, completed. 1896 Grafton new lock, on River Thames, 28 miles above Oxford, completed. i APPENDIX GIVING THe mileage, ETC. TRAVELLED BY THE AUTHOR ON THE INLAND NAVIGATIONS OF ENGLAND DURING THE TEN YEARS 1887 TO 1896 INCLUSIVE; AND SOME EXTRACTS FROM LOG-BOOK. 118 APPENDIX During the Ten Years STATEMENT of MILEAGE Travelled BY THE AUTHOR Name of Navigation. NOTE. This being a mileage statement, it ofter In own Steam Launches. In other Vessels. Miles. Locks. Tunnels Lifts. Miles. Lo cks. Tunnels Aire and Calder Navigation .. 103 45 River Avon (Warwickshire) Lower 86 24 Navigation. Basingstoke Canal 77 58 4 Birmingham Canal Navigations .. 66 118 2 Birmingham and Warwick Junction Canal. 2호 ​6 22 33 : : : : : 15 3 112 52 Grand Junction Canal .. 689 740 14 181 Calder and Hebble Navigation River Cam Coombe Hill Canal (derelict). Coventry Canal Great Western Railway Co.'s- Kennet and Avon Canal Stratford-on-Avon Canal 89 96 II 20 บา 5 I : ::: : : : : APPENDIX 119 THE INLAND NAVIGATIONS OF ENGLAND; $87 to 1896 inclusive. cludes the same ground traversed more than once. Walkg. Total. Miles. Miles. Locks. Tunnels Lifts. : : : 103 45 861/2 24 58 4 77 66 118 2 .6 22 33 15 3 : 7 7 112 52 2 17 724 740 14 89 96 5 II 20 I : : : Principal Places visited on each Navigation. Leeds, Castleford, Goole, Wakefield, Walton, Barnsley Junction. Tewkesbury, Pershore, Fladbury, Evesham. Woking, Aldershot, Basingstoke. Birmingham, Oldbury, Tipton, Wolverhampton, Aldersley, Aston, Minworth, Curdworth, Fazeley, Whittington, Churchbridge, Pelsall, Catshill, Longwood, Perry Barr, Salford Bridge. Salford Bridge, Saltley, Bordesley. Wakefield, Mirfield, Brighouse, Elland, Sowerby Bridge. Cambridge, Clayhithe, Pope's Corner. Junction with Severn near Wainlode, Coombe Hill. Coventry, Hawkesbury, Nuneaton, Atherstone, Fazeley, Whittington, Fradley. Brentford, Paddington, Slough, Uxbridge, Tring, Wendover, Aylesbury, Leighton, Fenny Strat- ford, Buckingham, Blisworth, Northampton, Long Buckby, Braunston, Crick, Welford, Foxton, Market Harborough, Leicester. Reading, Newbury, Hungerford, Devizes, Seming- ton, Bath. King's Norton, Kingswood. 120 APPENDIX Name of Navigation. Great Northern Railway Co.'s- Nottingham Canal In own Steam Launches. Miles. Locks. Tunnel Lifts. 2 2 River Lee.. 50 36 Leeds and Liverpool Canal .. 275 188 4 Leicester Navigation 311 22 London and North Western Railway 181 14 61 18 STATEMENT O In other Vessels. Miles. Locks. Tunnel 8 16 26 13 35 4 .. 1021/ 15 Co.'s- Huddersfield Narrow Canal. Loughborough Navigation Manchester, Sheffield and Lincoln- shire Railway Co.'s- Ashton Canal .. Peak Forest Canal .. Macclesfield Canal Manchester Ship Canal ·· : : : Ditto ditto (Bridgewater Canal) River Mersey Estuary River Nene Navigation, Ist and 2nd Division. Ditto (3rd Division and Wisbech Corporation Jurisdiction). : 2 : : : : : : : 3 6 I : APPENDIX I2I Walkg. Total. Miles. Miles. Locks. Tunnels Lifts. Principal Places visited on each Navigation. MILEAGE-continued. 2 2 : 50 36 275 188 4 31 22 4 421212 : 18/ 14 Nottingham. Old Ford, Tottenham, Ponder's End, Enfield Lock, Waltham, Broxbourne, Ware, Hertford. Liverpool, Burscough, Wigan, Leigh, Blackburn, Burnley, Skipton, Bingley, Leeds. Leicester, Mountsorrel, Loughborough. : From top lock Diggle to top lock Marsden, over Standedge Tunnel. Loughborough, Normanton-on-Soar, Ratcliffe-on- Soar. : : : : : 18 8 16 2 26 13 3821 5 102 15 6 21 211 11 HH : Dukinfield, Ancoats, Manchester. Marple, Hyde, Dukinfield. Hall Green, Congleton, Macclesfield, Marple. Manchester, Barton, Latchford, Runcorn, Ellesmere Port, Eastham. Runcorn, Preston Brook, Stretford, Manchester, Patricroft, Leigh. Eastham, Liverpool. Northampton Bridge and Lock, Peterborough Bridge, Orton Staunch. Peterborough Bridge, Stanground Sluice, Wisbech. ! 1 122 APPENDIX Name of Navigation. North" Metropolitan Railway and Canal Co.'s— Regent's Canal In own Steam Launches. Miles. Locks. Tunnels Lifts. North Staffordshire Railway Co.'s- Trent and Mersey Canal River Ouse (Bedfordshire) II 18 2 221 167 13 STATEMENT of In other Vessels. Miles. Locks. Tunnels 557 367 4 331 IOI 3 197 24 Oxford Canal Rochdale Canal River Severn : : Sharpness New Docks and Glouces- ter and Birmingham Navigation Co.'s Canals- Gloucester and Berkeley Ship Canal. : 1 38 I 9 6 4I 3 : Worcester and Birmingham 69 146 ΙΟ Canal. Droitwich Canal 52 25 9 Droitwich Junction Canal Sheffield and South Yorkshire Co.'s Navigations- I} 6 N : Dearne and Dove Canal River Dun Navigation ·· Stainforth and Keadby Canal ΙΟ 19 19 8 13 2 : : : I : : : :: : APPENDIX 123 ILEAGE—continued. Walkg. Total. Miles. Miles. Locks. Tunnels Lifts. Principal Places visited on each Navigation. II 18 2 2231 167 14 38 I 566 373 4 331 IOI 3 197 24 : : : : 4I 3 69 146 512 OSTEO I} 9 6 IO 19 19 8 13 2 IO : Paddington, Islington, Old Ford, Limehouse, Hert- ford Union Branch Canal to the Lee. Wilden Ferry, Shardlow, Fradley, Rugeley, Stone, Stoke-on-Trent, Hall Green, Middlewich, North- wich, Preston Brook. King's Lynn, Denver Sluice, Littleport, Ely, Pope's Corner. Oxford, Banbury, Napton, Braunston, Hillmorton, Hawkesbury. Sowerby Bridge, Hebden Bridge, Todmorden, Rochdale, Newton Heath, Manchester. Stourport, Holt, Hawford, Worcester, Upton, Tewkesbury, Gloucester. : Gloucester, Sharpness. Worcester, Stoke Prior, Tardebigge, King's Norton, Birmingham. Hawford, Droitwich. Droitwich, Hanbury Wharf. Barnsley Junction, Swinton. Swinton, Mexborough, Doncaster, Stainforth. Stainforth, Keadby. 124 APPENDIX Name of Navigation. Shropshire Union Canals : In own Steam Launches. Miles. Locks. Tunnels Lifts. 343 208 IO STATEMENT O In other Vessels. Miles. Locks. Tunnel Staffordshire and Worcestershire Canal. 55 51 I ΙΟ 2 River Stort Stroudwater Canal River Thames .. 27 30 : 62200 II : 5729 1753 : 276 165 : : : Thames and Severn Canal River Trent 461 54 I 90 8 Warwick and Birmingham Canal .. 50 88 3 Warwick and Napton Canal .. 42929 75 : River Weaver River Wey Ditto (Godalming Navigation) Wilts and Berks Canal 12 4 : 371 34 : : : IO 8 224 209 4 : : 1 261 24 : : : : : : : : : : : : : 99684923 83 I 404 202 I Total .. 10,131 miles; * Anderton, 50 feet rise. APPENDIX 125 MILEAGE —continued. Walkg. Total. Miles. Miles. Locks. Tunnels Lifts. 343 208 IO 65/ 53 I 30 2 241 27 823290 II 60c5 1918 97 90 78 : : : : : : I 8 50 88 3 INKO 42 12 37/1/2 75 : : 4 34 ΙΟ 8 .. 224 209 4 : · : Principal Places visited on each Navigation. Autherley, Market Drayton, Nantwich, Ellesmere, Chirk, Pontcysyllte, Llantisilio, Llanymynech, Car- reghofa, Welshpool, Newtown, Barbridge, Middle- wich, Bunbury, Beeston, Chester, Ellesmere Port. Great Haywood, Penkridge, Autherley, Kidder- minster, Stourport, Churchbridge. Roydon, Harlow, Sawbridgeworth, Bishop's Stort- ford. Stroud, The Junction, Framilode. London, Richmond, Kingston, Windsor, Henley, Reading, Abingdon, Oxford, New Bridge, Lech- lade, Inglesham. Inglesham, Cricklade, Latton, Siddington, Chalford, Brinscombe, Stroud. Wilden Ferry, Nottingham, Newark, Gainsborough, Keadby. Birmingham, Kingswood, Warwick. Warwick, Leamington, Napton. I Weston Marsh, Salters ford, Anderton. Weybridge, Guildford. Guildford, Godalming. Abingdon, Wantage, Challow, Swindon, Cricklade, Latton, Wootton Bassett, Dauntsey, Melksham, Semington. 58 10131 5125 84 I 5125 locks; 84 tunnels; I lift. 1 126 APPENDIX. EXTRACTS FROM LOG-BOOK. LONGEST VOYAGE.-61 days, from June 17 to August 16, 1895. From Oxford to Hawkesbury, Atherstone, Fazeley, Fradley, Ruge- ley, Great Haywood, Autherley, Market Drayton, Nantwich, Ellesmere, Welshpool, Newtown, Chester, Ellesmere Port, Run- corn, Leigh, Wigan, Liverpool, Blackburn, Burnley, Leeds, Goole, Wakefield, Sowerby Bridge, Rochdale, Manchester, Middlewich, Stoke-on-Trent, Fradley, Atherstone, Braunston, Wolverton, Leighton, Tring, Uxbridge, Brentford, Kingston-on-Thames, Windsor, Reading, Oxford: 1013 miles, 674 locks, 17 tunnels. Fuel consumed: Welsh coal, 2 tons, 10 cwt.; hard coal, 12 cwt.; coke, 6 tons 13 cwt. GREATEST DISTANCE RUN IN ONE DAY.-51 miles, from just above Sonning Lock (River Thames) to Kingston-on-Thames, including 19 locks. Time occupied, 11 hours. September 28, 1890. GREATEST NUMBER OF HOURS' RUNNING IN ONE Day.— 13, from Thames Ditton (River Thames) to Hertford Lock (River Lee), 51 miles, and 24 locks, viâ Regent's Canal and Hertford Union Canal, February 12, 1896. Thames Ditton, depart 4 A.M., stop at Tottenham 1 hour and Waltham Common hour, Hertford Lock, arrive 6.30 P.M. Greatest NUMBER OF BOAT (OR NARROW) Locks WORKED IN ONE DAY.-58, on Worcester and Birmingham Canal, May 21, 1896. GREATEST NUMBER OF BARGE (OR WIDE) LOCKS WORKED IN ONE DAY.- 55, on Rochdale Canal, July 29, 1895. LONGEST TUNNEL Traversed.-Sapperton, on summit level of Thames and Severn Canal, 3808 yards long; time taken to steam through, 50 minutes. October 22, 1891. LONGEST TIME TAKEN TO TRAVERSE A TUNNEL.-3 hours, in a loaded narrow boat "legged" through Harecastle Old Tunnel, on summit level of Trent and Mersey Canal, 2897 yards long, August 1, 1895. INDEX. ABERDARE Canal, 44 Adamson, Mr. Daniel, 105 Adur, River (Sussex), 55 Aire, River, 3 Aire and Calder Navigation, 13, 34, 35, 61, 61, 64, 83, 91, 95, 102, 107, 108, III Alford Canal, 64 Ancholme Drainage and Navigation, 29 Anderton lift, River Weaver, 96, 99 Andover Canal, 39, 86 Andover and Redbridge Railway,86 Arun, River, 38 Ashby Canal, 46, 54, 74 Ashley, Henry, 12, 13 Ashton Canal, 42, 49, 78, 106 Avon, River (Bath), 13, 14 Avon, River (Salisbury), 10 Avon, River (Warwick), 7, 22, 43, 87, 89, 97, 99, 101 Axe, River, 52 Aylesbury Branch, Grand Junction Canal, 45, 58 BARBRIDGE and Middlewich Branch, Ellesmere and Chester Canal, 64 Barnsley Canal, 21, 44, 51, 83, 95 Barton Aqueduct, of Bridgewater Canal, 26, 26 Basingstoke Canal, 35, 48, 115 Baybridge Canal, 64, 99 Bedford, Francis, fourth Earl of, 7, 8 Bedford, William, fifth Earl of, and afterwards first Duke, 8, 9 Bedford, William, eighth Duke of, 91 Bedford, Francis, ninth Duke of, 97 Bedford Level, 10, 12, 65, 88 Bentley Canal, Birmingham Canal Navigations, 71 Beverley Beck, 19 Birmingham and Fazeley Canal, 37, 40 Birmingham and Liverpool Junction Canal, 24, 64, 65, 68, 76 Birmingham and Warwick Junction Canal, 71, 72 Birmingham Canal Navigations, 16, 30, 30, 32, 38, 45, 51, 59, 68, 68, 70, 71, 71, 74, 76, 83, 87 Blisworth Tunnel, Grand Junction Canal, 54 Blyth, River, 24 Bradford Canal, 31, 33, 92, 95, 102 Brandon, River, or Little Ouse, 10, 18 Braunston Tunnel, Grand Junction Canal, 48 Brecon and Abergavenny Canal, 44, 91 Bridgewater Canal, 16, 20, 25, 26, 26, 26, 26, 27, 29, 32, 47, 73, 96, 98, 108 Bridgewater, Francis, Duke of, 20, 53 Bridgwater and Taunton Canal, 57, 92, 100 Brindley, James, 16, 32, 32 Bristol and Exeter Railway, 90, 92, 100 128 INDEX Buckingham Branch, Grand Junc- | DANE, River, 16 tion Canal, 45, 51, 52 Bude Canal, 33, 61, III Bure, River, 17, 33, 92 CAISTOR Canal, 43 Calder and Hebble Navigation, 25, 29, 64, 91, 108 Caldon Branch, Trent and Mersey Canal, 34 Caledonian Canal, 24, 53, 54, 62, 78 Caledonian Railway, 93, 104 Cam, River, 14, 18 Canals and Rivers, General Acts relating to, 2, 71, 74, 78, 83, 97, 99, 109, 115 Canal Boats Act, 101, 107 Canal boats, cost of, in 1794, 46 Canals, Select Committee on, 106 Canals, Society of Arts Conference on, 109 Cannock Extension, Birmingham Canal Navigations, 83 Canterbury Navigation, 4 Carlisle Canal, 61 Carriers, various companies become, 66, 74, 99, 107, 109 Cattle, conveyance of, by canal, 53 Chelmer and Blackwater Naviga- tion, 28, 43, 48 Chertsey Lock, River Thames, 56 Chester Canal, 32, 34, 58 Chesterfield Canal, 16, 31, 32, 34, 34.74 Chichester Corporation, 112 Chirk Aqueduct, Ellesmere Canal, 43, 52 Churchbridge Branch, Birmingham Canal Navigations, 87 Colchester Corporation, 112 Colne, River (Essex), 6, 112 Coombe Hill Canal, 42, 100 Coventry Canal, 16, 30, 38, 40 Crinan Canal, 44, 78 Cromford Canal, 21, 39, 95 Davis, Mr. J. P., 109 Dearne and Dove Canal, 43, 54, 77, 98, 110, 114 Dee, River, 13 Denver Sluice, 8, 15, 21 Derby Canal, 43 Derwent, River (Yorkshire), 3, 14, 54, 76, 84 Digbeth Branch, Birmingham and Fazeley Canal, 37 Diglis Locks, River Severn, 73 Douglas, River, 16, 37 Driffield Navigation, 29 Droitwich Canal, 16, 30, 98 Droitwich Junction Canal, 81, 81, 97 Duckett's, or Hertford Union, Canal, 63, 84 Duckett, the first Sir George, 63 Duckett, the second Sir George, 63,85 Dudley Canal, 34, 76 Dun, River, 3, 19, 77, 98, 110, III, II4 Dutch, River, 6 EAST Lincolnshire Railway, 77, 78 Eastern Counties Navigation and Transport Co., 110, 114, 115 Eastern Counties Railway, 73, 75, 88 Eau Brink Cut, 47, 60, 62, 113 Eden, River, 17 Edinburgh and Glasgow Union Canal, 60, 62, 79 Ellesmere Canal, 24, 44, 47, 48, 52, 53, 58 Ellesmere and Chester Canal, 58, 64, 66, 67, 76 Erewash Canal, 35 Exeter Canal, 5, 5, 11, 61, 63 Explosion of gunpowder on Regent's Canal, 98 Explosives, Act regulating, 99 • INDEX T29 FAL, River (or Vale), II Fenny Compton Tunnel, Oxford Canal, 94 Fens, early drainage of the, 5, 7, 8, 8, 9 Forth and Clyde Canal, 30, 39, 40, 76, 93 Forth and Clyde Navigation Gua- ranteed Co., 93, 104 Forty Foot River, 8 Foss, River, 43, 82, 86 Foss Dyke Canal, 1, 36, 71, 74, 103 Foulridge Tunnel, Leeds and Liver- pool Canal, 48 Frome, River, 13 Furness Railway Co., 88 GANNOW Tunnel, Leeds and Liver- pool Canal, 52 Glamorganshire Canal, 40, 45 Glasgow and South Western Rail- way, 94, 104 Glasgow, Paisley and Johnstone Canal, 55, 94, 104 Glastonbury Navigation, 65 Gloucester and Berkeley Ship Canal, 44, 65, 87, 97 Grafton Lock, River Thames, 116 Grand Junction Canal, 21, 43, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 51, 51, 51, 52, 52, 53, 54, 54, 55, 58, 58, 59, 98, 103, 106, 114 Grand Surrey Canal, 52, 79, 90 Grand Union Canal, 56, 58, 114 Grand Western Canal, 48, 58, 68, 90, 93, 100 Grantham Canal, 21, 43, 74, 87 Gravesend and Rochester Canal, 73, 75 Gravesend and Rochester Railway and Canal Co., 73, 75 Great Eastern Railway, 88, 103, 109 Great Northern Railway, 74, 75, 78, 87, 93, 103 Great sluice at Boston, 27 Great Western Railway, 81, 89, 95, 96, 96, 100, 101, 102, 103, 106, 110, III, 115 Gresley Canal, 34 Guilsfield Branch, Montgomeryshire Canal, 62 Gunpowder explosion on Regent's Canal, 98 Gurney & Co., Messrs., 85, 97 HALIFAX Branch, Calder and Hebble Navigation, 64 Hall Green Branch, Trent and Mersey Canal, 65 Harecastle Old Tunnel, Trent and Mersey Canal, 35 Harecastle New Tunnel, Trent and Mersey Canal, 63, 63, 65 Hatherton Branch, Staffordshire and Worcestershire Canal, 72 Hereford and Gloucester Canal, 41, 50, 95, 110 Hermitage Sluice, 8 Hertford Union Canal, or Duckett's Canal, 63, 84 Horncastle Navigation, 21, 42, 52 Huddersfield and Manchester Rail- way and Canal Co., 73, 77, 77 Huddersfield Broad, or Sir J. Rams- den's Canal, 33, 77, 77 Huddersfield Narrow Canal, 45, 50, 73, 77, 113 Hull, River, 2 Humber, River, 3, 4 Hundred Foot River, 8 IDLE, River, 16 Itchin, River, IO Ivel, River, 24, 100 Ivelchester and Langport Canal, 47 JESSOP, William, 21, 58 K L INDEX 130 KENNET, River, 15, 58 Kennet and Avon Canal, 26, 45, 50, 52, 56, 58, 81 Kensington Canal, 63, 69, 86 Ketley Canal, 39, 43 Kidwelly Canal, 28 Killington Reservoir, Lancaster Canal, 61 Kinderley's Cut, 33 Kington and Leominster Canal, 41, 78 Knottingley and Goole Canal, Aire and Calder Navigation, 61, 64 LANCASHIRE and Yorkshire Rail- way, 77, 82, 84, 98, 109 Lancaster Aqueduct, Canal, 48 Lancaster Lancaster Canal, 26, 42, 48, 61, 64, 85, 90, 90, 107 Larke, River, 13, 18, 110, 114 Leather, Mr. George, 59 Lee, River, 1, 3, 3, 28, 94 Leeds and Liverpool Canal, 31, 34, 35, 37, 40, 48, 52, 60, 61, 62, 74, 82, 90, 98, 102 Leeds and Thirsk Railway, 73, 83 Leicester and Melton Mowbray Navigation, 41, 101 Leicester Navigation, 21, 41, 45, 104 Leicestershire and Northampton- shire Union, or Old Union Canal, 44, 104, 114 Leek Branch, Trent and Mersey Canal, 49 Leigh Branch of Bridgewater Canal, 47 Leigh Branch, Leeds and Liverpool Canal, 61, 62 Leven Canal, 52 Lifts for canal boats, 39, 56, 80, 96, 99 Limehouse Cut, River Lee, 28 Liskeard Canal, 64 Llanthony Lock, River Severn, 94 Lock, first narrow boat, in England, 32 Locks, known to the Italians, 3 London and North Western Rail- way, 74, 77, 77, 82, 84, 85, 89, 90, 90, 98, 107, 109, 113 London, Brighton and South Coast Railway, 79 Loughborough Navigation, 28, 34 Louth Navigation, 27, 35, 77, 78, 93 Lune, River, 22 MACCLESFIELD Canal, 24, 64, 75, 106 Maisemore Lock, River Severn, 94 Manchester and Leeds Railway, 75, 77 Manchester and Salford Junction Canal, 69, 71 Manchester, Bolton and Bury Canal, 41, 75, 77 Manchester Sheffield and Lincoln- shire Railway, 74, 75, 78, 78, 84, 98, 106, 108, 109, 110, 114 Manchester Ship Canal, 105, 107, 108, 108, 108, 108, 110, 111, 113, 114, 114 Market Weighton Canal, 32, 77, 83 Medway, River, 10, 21, 42, 52, 104, 112 Mersey and Irwell Navigation, 16, 71, 73 Middle Level, 12, 23, 88, 114 Middle Level Drain, 88 Midland Railway, 74, 82, 95, 98 Molesey Lock, River Thames, 57 Monkland Canal, 31, 76, 80 Monmouthshire Canal, 42, 48, 75, 91, 103 Monmouthshire Railway and Canal Co., 75 Montgomeryshire Canal, 45, 62, 76 Moretonhampstead and South Devon Railway, 88, 96 INDEX 131 NABURN Lock, River Ouse (York), 109 Narr, River, 22, 104 Neath Canal, 41 Nene, River, 8, 15, 18, 23, 26, 33, 65, 66, 81, 88, 91 Netherton Tunnel Branch, Birming- ham Canal Navigations, 83 New Bedford River, 8 Newark Dyke, 32, 108 Newcastle-under-Lyme Canal, 47, 90 Newport Branch, Birmingham and Liverpool Junction Canal, 65 Newport Pagnell Canal, 58, 89 North British Railway, 79 North Eastern Railway, 83, 83, 84, 84, 109 North Staffordshire Railway, 75, 90 North Walsham and Dilham Canal, 57 North Wilts Canal, 58,¡61, 62 Northampton Branch, Grand Junc- tion Canal, 43, 58, 59 Northmoor Lock, River Thames, 116 Norwich and Lowestoft Navigation, 65, 73, 88 Norwood Canal, 34 Tunnel, Chesterfield Nottingham Canal, 21, 42, 52, 74, 87 Nottingham and Grantham Rail- way, 74, 87 Nutbrook Canal, 43, 107 OAKHAM Canal, 43 Old Bedford River, 7 Ouse, River (Bedford), 8, 10, 12, 15, 18, 21, 40, 47, 60, 62, 69, 113, 113, 115 Ouse, River, Little, or Brandon River, 10, 18 Ouse, River (Sussex), 21, 40 Ouse, River (York), 3, 4, 9, 107, 109 Oxford Canal, 16, 30, 34, 35, 38, 40, 66, 68, 94 Oxford, Worcester and Wolver- hampton Railway, 74, 75, 87, 89 PADDINGTON Branch, Grand Junc- tion Canal, 47, 52 Peak Forest Canal, 45, 51, 75, 106 Penton Hook Lock, River Thames, 58 Pocklington Canal, 59, 77, 83 Pontcysyllte Aqueduct, Ellesmere Canal, 47, 53 Popham's Eau, 5 Popham, Lord Chief Justice, 5 Portsmouth and Arundel Canal, 60, 82, 112 RADCOT Lock, River Thames, 112 Ramsden's, Sir J., or Huddersfield Broad Canal, 33, 77, 77 Rates and Tolls, new schedule of, 115 Regent's Canal, 57, 61, 84, 98, 105, 106, 112 Rennie, John, 26, 62 Reynolds, William, 39 Ribble, River, 55, 106 Richmond Lock, River Thames, III, 113 Old Stratford Branch, Grand Junc- Ripon and Boroughbridge, or River tion Canal, 43 Old Union or Leicestershire and Northamptonshire Union Canal, 44, 104, 114 Ouse Banks Commissioners, 69 Ouse Haling Ways Commissioners, 40 Ure Navigation, 29, 73, 83 Rivers and Canals, general Acts relating to, 2, 71, 74, 78, 83, 97, 99, 109, 115 Rochdale Canal, 26, 45, 54, 84, 109, 109 : 1 132 INDEX Roden, River, 20 Romford Canal, 99 Royal Military, or Shorncliffe and Rye Canal, 41 Royal visits to works of inland navigation, 39, 109, 113, 114 Runcorn and Weston Canal, 82 Rushall Canal, Birmingham Canal Navigations, 71 SALISBURY and Southampton Canal, 48 Salter's Lode Sluice, 7 Sandys, William, 7 Sankey, or St. Helen's, Canal, 24, 27, 49, 66, 73, 90 Sapperton Tunnel, Thames and Severn Canal, 39, 39 Selby Branch, Aire and Calder Navigation, 35 Severn River, 4, 24, 53, 57, 72, 73, 74, 86, 94, 102, 111, 115 Sharpness New Docks, 97 Sharpness New Docks and Glouces- ter and Birmingham Navigation Co., 97, 97, 98, 115 Sheffield and South Navigation, 110, 114 Yorkshire Sheffield Canal, 59, 78, 108, 110, 114 Shepperton Lock, River Thames, 56 Shorncliffe and Rye, or Royal Military Canal, 41 Shrewsbury Canal, 43, 49, 76 Shropshire Canal, 39, 42, 85 Shropshire Union Railways and Canal Co., 76, 77, 85 Simpson, Mr. L., 113 Sixteen Foot River, 8 Sleaford Navigation, 45, 102 Slough Branch, Grand Junction Canal, 103, 106 Society of Arts conference Canals, 109 Somerset, Duke of, 88 Somerset and Dorset Railway, 95 on Somersetshire Coal Canal, 45, 52, 95 South Eastern Railway, 75 South Level, 12, 65, 113 South Yorkshire Railway, 77, 98 Staffordshire and Worcestershire Canal, 16, 28, 32, 32, 72, 115 Stainforth and Keadby Canal, 43, 77, 98, 110, 114 Standedge Tunnel, Huddersfield Narrow Canal, 113 Steam power on canals, 39, 49, 69, 87, 98, 114 St. Germain's Sluice, 88 St. Helen's, or Sankey Canal, 24, 27, 49, 66, 73, 90 St. Helen's Canal and Railway Co., 73, 90 Stort, River, 25, 28, 30, 63, 85, 97, 109 Stour, River (Canterbury), 4 Stour, River (Essex), 14, 112 Stourbridge Canal, 34 Stourbridge Extension Canal, 69, 75, 89 Stover Canal, 88, 96 Stowmarket and Ipswich Naviga- tion, 40, 75, 88, 109 Stratford-upon-Avon Canal, 44, 47, 75, 89 Stroudwater Navigation, 19, 25, 33, 35, 36, 115 Sunbury Lock, River Thames, 56 Surrey Commercial Dock Co., 90 Swansea Canal, 45, 50, 96 TAMAR, River, 48 Tame Valley Canal, Birmingham Canal Navigations, 70 Tavistock Canal, 53, 97 Teddington Lock, River Thames, 56 Tees, River, 56 Telford, Thomas, 24, 68 Tewkesbury Lock, River Severn, 86 INDEX 133 Thames, River, 2, 6, 12, 37, 56, 57, 58, 65, 84, 85, 92, 106, 111, 112, 113, 114, 116, 116 Thames and Severn Canal, 36, 39, 39, 39, 84, 90, 99, 106, 113, 115 Thames and Medway Canal, 51, 73 Titford Canal, Birmingham Canal Navigations, 68 Tolls and Rates, new schedule of, 115 Tolls, varying, 13 Tone, River, 13 Towing path, River Severn, 53, 57, 102 Trent, River, 13, 31, 32, 37, 37, 46, 107, 107, 108, 112 Trent and Mersey Canal, 16, 28, 28, 34, 35, 38, 49, 63, 63, 64, 65, 65, 75, 90, 96, 99 Troops, conveyance of, by canal, 55 Truman, Hanbury, Buxton & Co., Messrs., 97, 109 Two Lock Line, Birmingham Canal Navigations, 83 ULVERSTON Canal, 43, 88 Ure, River, or Ripon and Borough- bridge Navigation, 29, 73, 83 VALE, River (or Fal), II Vermuyden, Cornelius, 6, 6, 7, 8 Vermuyden's Eau, 8 WALKER, Mr. T. A., 108, 110 Walsall Branch, Birmingham Canal Navigations, 45, 51 Warwick and Birmingham Canal, 44, 47, 51 Warwick and Braunston Canal, 45 Warwick and Napton Canal, 48, 51 Watermen's Co., River Thames, 65 Waveney, River, 10, 17, 92 Wear, River, 16 Weaver, River, 16, 25, 35, 55, 72, 92, 96, 99, 116 Wedgwood, Josiah, 28 Welland, River, 5 Wendover Branch, Grand Junction Canal, 45, 51 West London Railway, 69, 86 West London Extension Railway, 86 Westhill Tunnel, Worcester and Birmingham Canal, 49 Weston Canal, River Weaver Navi- gation, 55 Weston, Sir Richard, 9 Wey, River, 9, 9, 11, 26 Wey and Arun Junction Canal, 58, 94 Wharfe, River, 3, III Wilts and Berks Canal, 47, 62, 100, 109, 115 Wisbech Canal, 45 Wissey, River, 18 Witham, River, 11, 27, 75 Wolverton Aqueduct, Grand Junc- tion Canal, 54 Woodhouse, John, 56 Worcester and Birmingham Canal, 41, 49, 56, 59, 81, 89, 97 Worsley Brook, 20 Wye, River, IO Wyrley and Essington Canal, 42, 71 YARE, River, 17, 92 York and North Midland Railway, 77, 83 York, Corporation of, 82, 86, 107 1 LONDON: PRINTED BY WILLIAM CLOWES AND SONS, LIMITED, STAMFORD STREET AND CHARING CROSS. ! . BOOKS RELATING TO. 1899. APPLIED SCIENCE PUBLISHED BY E. & F. N. SPON, LTD. LONDON: 125 STRAND. NEW YORK: SPON & CHAMBERLAIN. ¡ ! Algebra.-Algebra Self-Taught. By W. P. HIGGS, M.A., D.Sc., LL.D., Assoc. Inst. C.E., Author of A Handbook of the Differential Calculus,' etc. Third edition, crown 8vo, cloth, 2s. 6d. CONTENTS: Symbols and the Signs of Operation-The Equation and the Unknown Quantity- Positive and Negative Quantities-Multiplication-Involution-Exponents-Negative Expo- nents-Roots, and the Use of Exponents as Logarithms-Logarithms-Tables of Logarithms and Proportionate Parts-Transformation of System of Logarithms-Common Uses of Common Logarithms-Compound Multiplication and the Binomial Theorem-Division, Fractions, and Ratio-Continued Proportion-The Series and the Summation of the Series- Limit of Series-Square and Cube Roots-Equations-List of Formulæ, etc. Architects' Handbook.-A Handbook of For- mula, Tables and Memoranda, for Architectural Surveyors and others engaged in Building. By J. T. HURST, C.E. Fifteenth edition, revised and enlarged, royal 32m0, roan, 5s. "It is no disparagement to the many excellent publications we refer to, to say that in our opinion this little pocket-book of Hurst's is the very best of them all without any exception. It would be useless to attempt a recapitulation of the contents, for it appears to contain almost everything that anyone connected with building could require, and, best of all, made up in a compact form for carrying in the pocket, measuring only 5 in. by 3 in., and about & in. thick, in a limp cover. We congratulate the author on the success of his laborious and practically compiled little book, which has received unqualified and deserved praise from every profes- sional person to whom we have shown it."—The Dublin Builder. Architecture.-The Seven Periods of English Architecture, defined and illustrated. By EDMUND SHARPE, M.A., Architect. 20 steel engravings and 7 woodcuts, third edition, royal 8vo, cloth, 12s. 6d. A 2 CATALOGUE OF SCIENTIFIC BOOKS Baths. The Turkish Bath: its Design and Con- ALLsop, struction for Public and Commercial Purposes. By R. O. ALLSOP, Architect. With plans and sections, 8vo, cloth, 6s. Baths and Wash Houses.-Public Baths and Wash Houses. By ROBERT OWEN ALLSOP, Architect, Author of 'The Turkish Bath,' &c. With cuts and folding plates, demy 8vo, cloth, 6s. Belting.-Belt Driving. By GEORGE HALLIDAY, Whitworth Scholar. With plates, 8vo, cloth, 3s. 6d. CONTENTS: Description of different Kinds of Belts-Pressure transmitted by Belts-Length of Belt and Coned Pulleys-Stretching of Belts-V Pulleys-Arms of Pulleys-Methods of Lise of the Belt discussed-Rope Gearing-Tables-Rules for finding the Pitch of Spur-Wheels. Blasting.-Rock Blasting: a Practical Treatise on the means employed in Blasting Rocks for Industrial Purposes. By G. G. ANDRÉ. F.G.S., Assoc. Inst. C.E. With 56 illustrations and 12 plates, 8vo, cloth, 5s. Boilers.-A Pocket-Book for Boiler Makers and Steam Users, comprising a variety of useful information for Employer and Workman, Government Inspectors, Board of Trade Surveyors, Engineers in charge of Works and Slips, Foremen of Manufactories, and the general Steam-using Public By MAURICE JOHN SEXTON. Fourth edition, with Appendix, enlarged, royal 32mo, roan, gilt edges, 55. Boilers.- The Boiler-Maker's & Iron Ship-Builder's Companion, comprising a series of original and carefully calculated tables, of the utmost utility to persons interested in the iron trades. By JAMES FODEN, author of 'Mechanical Tables,' etc. Fourth edition, revised, with illustrations, crown 8vo, cloth, 5s. Brass Founding.-The Practical Brass and Iron- Founder's Guide, a Treatise on the Art of Brass Founding, Moulding, the Metals and their Alloys, etc. By JAMES LARKIN. New edition, revised and greatly enlarged, crown 8vo, cloth, 10s. 6d. net. Breweries.-Breweries and Maltings: their Ar- rangement, Construction, Máchinery, and Plant. By G. SCAMELL, F.R.I.B.A. Second edition, revised, enlarged, and partly rewritten. By F. COLYER, M.I.C.E., M.I.M.E. With 20 plates, 8vo, cloth, 12s. 6d. Bridges.-Elementary Theory and Calculation of Iron Bridges and Roofs. By AUGUST RITTER, Ph.D., Professor at the Polytechnic School at Aix-la-Chapelle. Translated from the third German edition, by H. R. SANKEY, Capt. R.E. With 500 illustrations, Evo, cloth, 15s. 1 PUBLISHED BY E. & F. N. SPON, LTD. 3 Bridges. Plate Girder Railway Bridges. MAURICE FITZMAURICE, B.A., B.E., Mem. Inst. C.E. cloth. 6s. CONTENTS: By Plates, 8vo, Formule and Tables of Loads and Weights for Plate Girder Bridges, with Remarks on the allowable Working Stres-es to be adopted in Steel and Iron-The Market sizes of Plates and Bars, and the different kinds of Bridge floors, with examples worked out in detail. Bridges.-Stresses in Girder and Roof Trusses for both Dead and Live Loads by Simple Multiplication, with Stress Constants for 100 cases, for the use of Civil and Mechanical Engineers, Architects and Draughtsmen. By F. R. JOHNSON, Assoc. M. Inst. C.E. Part I, Girders. Part 2, Roofs. In 1 vol., crown 8vo, cloth, 6s. Builders' Price Book.-Spons' Architects' and Builders' Price Book, with useful Memoranda. By W. YOUNG. Crown 8vo, cloth, red edges, 3s. 6d. Published annually. Building. The Clerk of Works: a Vade-Mecum for all engaged in the Superintendence of Building Operations. By G. G. HOSKINS, F.R.I.B.A. Sixth edition, fcap. 8vo, cloth, Is. 6d. Building.-The Builder's Clerk: a Guide to the Management of a Builder's Business. BY THOMAS BALES. Second edition, fcap. 8vo, cloth, ts. 6d. Calculus.-An Elementary Treatise on the Calculus for Engineering Students, with numerous Examples and Problems worked out. By JOHN GRAHAM, B.A., B.E., Demonstrator and Instructor in Mathematics in the City and Guilds of London Technical College, Finsbury. Crown 8vo, cloth, 7s. 6d. Canals. Waterways and Water Transport in Different Countries. With a description of the Panama, Suez, Man- chester, Nicaraguan, and other Canals. By J. STEPHEN JEANS, Author of England's Supremacy,' 'Railway Problems,' &c. Numerous illus- trations, 8vo, cloth, 145. Carpentry. The Elementary Principles of Car- pentry. By BY THOMAS TREDGOLD. Revised from the original edition, and partly re-written, by JOHN THOMAS HURST. Contained in 517 pages of letterpress, and illustrated with 48 plates and 150 wood engrav. ings. Ninth edition, crown 8vo, cloth, 12s. 6d. Section I. On the Equality and Distribution of Forces-Section II. Resistance of Timber-Section III. Construction of Floors-Section IV. Construction of Roofs- Sec- tion V. Construction of Domes and Cupolas-Section VI. Construction of Partitions- Section VII. Scaffolds, Staging, and Gantries-Section VIII. Construction of Centres for Bridges-Section IX. Coffer-dams, Shoring, and Strutting-Section X. Wooden Bridges and Viaducts-Section XI. Joints, Straps, and other Fastenings-Section XII. Timber. A 2 ! . 4 CATALOGUE OF SCIENTIFIC BOOKS Cast Iron. The Metallurgy of Cast. Iron: A Complete Exposition of the Processes Involved in its Treatment, Chemically and Physically, from the Blast Furnace to the Testing Machine. Illustrated. BY THOMAS D. WEST, M. Am. Soc. M.E Crown 8vo, cloth, 12s. 6d. Chemistry.--Practical Work in Organic Chemistry. By F. W. STREATFEILD, F.I.C., etc., Demonstrator of Chemistry at the City and Guilds Technical College, Finsbury. With a Prefatory Notice by Professor R. MELDOLA, F.R.S., F.I.C. Crown 8vo, cloth, 3s. Chemists' Pocket Book.-A Pocket-Book for Chemists, Chemical Manufacturers, Metallurgists, Dyers, Distillers, Brewers, Sugar Refiners, Photographers, Students, etc., etc. By THOMAS BAYLEY, Assoc. R.C. Sc. Ireland. Royal 32mo, roan, gilt edges. Sixth edition in the press. SYNOPSIS OF CONTENTS: Atomic Weights and Factors-Useful Data-Chemical Calculations-Rules for Indirect Analysis-Weights and Measures-Thermometers and Barometers Chemical Physics— Boiling Points, etc.-Solubility of Substances-Methods of Obtaining Specific Gravity-Con version of Hydrometers-Strength of Solutions by Specific Gravity-Analysis-Gas Analysis- Water Analysis-Qualitative Analysis and Reactions-Volumetric Analysis-Manipulation- Mineralogy - Assaying Alcohol- Beer Sugar- Miscellaneous Technological matter relating to Potash, Soda, Sulphuric Acid, Chlorine, Tar Products, Petroleum, Milk, Tallow, Photography, Prices, Wages, Appendix, etc., etc. Coffee Cultivation.-Coffee: its Culture and Commerce in all Countries. Edited by C. G. Warnford Lock, F.L.S. Crown 8vo, cloth, 12s. 6d. Concrete.-Notes on Concrete and Works in Con- crete; especially written to assist those engaged upon Public Works. By JOHN NEWMAN, Assoc. Mem. Inst. C.E. Second edition, revised and enlarged, crown 8vo, cloth, 6s. Coppersmithing. - Art of Coppersmithing: a Practical Treatise on Working Sheet Copper into all Forms. By JOHN FULLER, Sen. Numerous engravings, illustrating almost every branch of the Art. Royal 8vo, cloth, 12s. 6d. Corrosion.—Metallic Structures: Corrosion and Fouling, and their Prevention; a Practical Aid-Book to the safety of works in Iron and Steel, and of Ships; and to the selection of Paints for them. By JOHN NEWMAN, Assoc. M. Inst. C.E. Crown 8vo, cloth, 9s. • Depreciation of Factories.-The Depreciation of Factories and their Valuation. By EWING MATHESON, Mem. Inst. C.E. Second edition, revised, with an Introduction by W. C. JACKSON 8vo, cloth, 7s. 6d. ! PUBLISHED BY E. & F. N. SPON, Ltd. 5 Drainage. The Drainage of Fens and Low Lands by Gravitation and Steam Power. By W. H. WHEELER, M. Inst. C.E. - With plates, 8vo, cloth, 12s. 6d. Drawing.- Hints on Architectural Draughtsman- ship. By G. W. Tuxford HALLATT. Second edition, fcap. 8vo, cloth, Is. 6d. Drawing.— The Draughtsman's Handbook of Plan and Map Drawing; including instructions for the preparation of Engineering, Architectural, and Mechanical Drawings. With numerous illustrations in the text, and 33 plates (15 printed in colours). By G. G ANDRÉ, F.G.S., Assoc. Inst. C.E. 4to, cloth, 9s. Drawing Instruments.-A Descriptive Treatise on Mathematical Drawing Instruments: their construction, uses, quali ties, selection, preservation, and suggestions for improvements, with hints upon Drawing and Colouring. By W. F. STANLEY, M.R.I. Sixth edition, with numerous illustrations, crown 8vo, cloth, 5s. Dynamo. Dynamo-Tenders' Hand-Book. F. B. BADT. With 70 illustrations. 18mo, cloth, 4s. 6d. By Dynamo-Electric Machinery.-Dynamo-Elec- tric Machinery: a Text-Book for Students of Electro-Technology. By SILVANUS P. THOMPSON, B.A., D.Sc. With 520 illustrations. Fifth edition, 8vo, cloth, 24s. Earthwork Slips.-Earthwork Slips and Subsi- dences upon Public Works: Their Causes, Prevention and Reparation. Especially written to assist those engaged in the Construction or Maintenance of Railways, Docks, Canals, Waterworks, River Banks, Reclamation Embankments, Drainage Works, &c., &c. By JOHN NEWMAN, Assoc. Mem. Inst. C.E., Author of 'Notes on Concrete,' &c. Crown 8vo, cloth, 7s. 6d. Electric Lighting.-Electric Lighting: a Practical Exposition of the Art, for the use of Engineers, Students, and others interested in the Installation and Operation of Electrical Plant. Vol. I. The Generating Plant. By FRANcis B. Crocker, E.M., Ph.D., Pro- fessor of Electrical Engineering in Columbia University, New York. With 152 illustrations. 8vo. cloth, 12s. 6d. Electric Bells.-Electric Bell Construction: a treatise on the construction of Electric Bells, Indicators, and similar apparatus. By F. C. ALLSOP, Author of 'Practical Electric Bell Fitting.' With 177 illustrations drawn to scale, crown 8vo, cloth, 3s. 6d, 6 CATALOGUE OF SCIENTIFIC BOOKS Electric Bell Fitting.—A Practical Treatise on the fitting up and maintenance of Electric Bells and all the necessary apparatus. By F. C. ALLSOP, Author of 'Telephones, their Construction and Fitting.' Seventh edition, revised and enlarged, with 180 illustra- tions, crown 8vo, cloth, 3s. 6d. Electric Currents.-Polyphase Electric Currents and Alternate Current Motors. By SILVANUS P. THOMPSON, B.A., D.Sc., M. Inst. E.E., F.R.S. With 171 illustrations., demy 8vo, cloth. Second edition in the press. Electric Telegraph. Telegraphic Connections, embracing recent methods in Quadruplex Telegraphy. By Charles THOM and WILLIS H. JONES. With illustrations. Oblong 8vo, cloth, 7s. 6d. Electric Testing.-A Guide for the Electric Test- ing of Telegraph Cables. By Col. V. HOSKIŒR, Royal Danish Engineers. Third edition, crown 8vo, cloth, 4s. 6d. Electric Toys.-Electric Toys. Electric Toy- Making, Dynamo Building and Electric Motor Construction for Amateurs. By T. O'CONOR SLOANE, Ph.D. Third edition, with cuts, crown 8vo, cloth, 4s. 6d. Electrical Notes.-Practical Electrical Notes and Definitions for the use of Engineering Students and Practical Men. By W. PERREN MAYCOCK, Assoc. M. Inst. E.E., Instructor in Electrical Engineering at the Pitlake Institute, Croydon, together with the Rules and Regulations to be observed in Electrical Installation Work. Second edition. Royal 32m0, cloth, red edges, 2s. Electrical Tables.-Electrical Tables and Memo- randa. By SILVANUS P. THOMPSON, D.Sc., B.A., F.R.S., and EUSTACE THOMAS. In waistcoat-pocket size (2 in. by 1 in.), French morocco, gilt edges, with numerous illustrations, Is. Electricity. The Arithmetic of Electricity; Manual of Electrical Calculations by Arithmetical Methods. By T. O'CONOR SLOANE, Ph.D. Fourth edition, crown 8vo, cloth, 4s. 6d. Electrical Testing.-A Practical Guide to the Testing of Insulated Wires and Cables. By HERBERT LAWS WEBB, Member of the American Institute of Electrical Engineers, and of the Institution of Electrical Engineers, London. Crown 8vo, cloth, 4s. 6d. PUBLISHED BY E. & F. N. SPON, LTD. 7 Electrical Testing.-A Handbook of Electrical Testing. By H. R. KEMPE, M.I.E.E. 8vo, cloth. Sixth edition in preparation. Applications. Electricity. Electricity, its Theory, Sources, and By JOHN T. SPRAGUE, M. Inst. E.E. Third edition, thoroughly revised and extended, with numerous illustrations and tables, crown 8vo, cloth, 155. Electricity in the House.-Domestic Electricity for Amateurs. Translated from the French of E. HOSPITALIER, Editor of 'L'Electricien,' by C. J. WHARTON, M. Inst. E.E. Numerous illustrations. Demy 8vo, cloth, 6s. CONTENTS: 1. Production of the Electric Current-2. Electric Bells-3. Automatic Alarms-4. Domestic Telephones-5. Electric Clocks-6. Electric Lighters-7. Domestic Electric Lighting— 8. Domestic Application of the Electric Light-9. Electric Motors - 10. Electrical Locomo- tion-11. Electrotyping, Plating, and Gilding-12. Electric Recreations-13. Various appli- cations-Workshop of the Electrician. Electricity on Railways.-The Application of Electricity to Railway Working. By W. E. LANGDON, M. Inst. E.E., Superintendent Electrical Department, Midland Railway. With 142 illustrations. 8vo, cloth, 10s. 6d. Electro-Magnet.--The Electro-Magnet and Electro- magnetic Mechanism. By SILVANUS P. THOMPSON, D.Sc., F.R.S. With 213 illustrations. Second edition, 8vo, cloth, 15s. Electro-Motors.-Notes on Design of Small Dy- namo. By GEO. HALLIDAY, Whitworth Scholar, Professor of Engineer- ing at the Hartley Institute, Southampton. Plates, 8vo, cloth, 2s. 6d. Electro-Motors.-The Practical Management of Dynamos and Motors. By FRANCIS B. CROCKER, Professor of Electrical Engineering, Columbia College, New York, and SCHUYLER S. Wheeler, D.Sc. Fourth edition, cuts, crown 8vo, cloth, 4s. 6d. Engineering Drawing. Practical Geometry, Perspective and Engineering Drawing; a Course of Descriptive Geometry adapted to the Requirements of the Engineering Draughtsman, including the determination of cast shadows and Isometric Projection, each chapter being followed by numerous examples; to which are added rules for Shading, Shade-lining, etc., together with practical instructions as to the Lining, Colouring, Printing, and general treatment of Engineering Draw- ings, with a chapter on drawing Instruments. By GEORGE S. CLARKE, Capt. R.E. Second edition, with 21 plates. 2 vols., cloth, 10s. 6d. } 8 CATALOGUE OF SCIENTIFIC BOOKS Engineers' Tables.-A Pocket-Book of Useful Formula and Memoranda for Civil and Mechanical Engineers. By Sir GUILFORD L. MOLESWORTH, Mem. Inst. C.E., and R. B. MOLESWORTH. With numerous illustrations. Twenty-fourth edition, revised and greatly enlarged. 32mo, roan, 6s. SYNOPSIS OF CONTENTS: Surveying, Levelling, etc.-Strength and Weight of Materials-Earthwork, Brickwork, Masonry, Arches, etc.-Struts, Columns, Beams, and Trusses-Flooring, Roofing, and Roof Trusses-Girders, Bridges, etc.-Railways and Roads-Hydraulic Formula-Canals, Sewers, Waterworks, Docks-Irrigation and Breakwaters-Gas, Ventilation, and Warming-Heat, Light, Colour, and Sound-Gravity: Centres, Forces, and Powers-Millwork, Teeth of Wheels, Shafting, etc.-Workshop Recipes-Sundry Machinery-Animal Power-Steam and the Steam Engine-Water-power, Water-wheels, Turbines, etc.-Wind and Windmills- Steam Navigation, Ship Building, Tonnage, etc.-Gunnery, Projectiles, etc.-Weights, Measures, and Money-Trigonometry, Conic Sections, and Curves-Telegraphy-Mensura- tion-Tables of Areas and Circumference, and Arcs of Circles-Logarithms, Square and Cube Roots, Powers-Reciprocals, etc.-Useful Numbers-Differential and Integral Calcu- lus-Algebraic Signs-Telegraphic Construction and Formulæ, etc. etc. Engineers' Tables.-Spons' Tables and Memo- randa for Engineers. By J.T. HURST, C.E. Twelfth edition, revised and considerably enlarged, in waistcoat-pocket size (2 in. by 2 in.), roan, gilt edges, Is. Experimental Science.-Experimental Science : Elementary, Practical, and Experimental Physics. By GEO. M. HOPKINS. Illustrated by 890 engravings. Seventeenth edition, 840 pp., 8vo, cloth, 16s. Factories. Our Factories, Workshops, and Ware- houses: their Sanitary and Fire-Resisting Arrangements. By B. H. THWAITE, Assoc. Mem. Inst. C.E. With 183 wood engravings, crown 8vo, cloth, 9s. Fermentation.-Practical Studies in Fermentation, being contributions to the Life History of Micro-Organisms. By EMIL CH. HANSEN, Ph.D. Translated by ALEX. K. MILLER, Ph.D., Manchester, and revised by the Author. With numerous illustrations, 8vo, cloth, 12s. 6d. Foundations.-Notes on Cylinder Bridge Piers and the Well System of Foundations. By JOHN NEWMAN, Assoc. M. Inst. C.E., 8vo, cloth, 6s. Founding.-A Practical Treatise on Casting and Founding, including descriptions of the modern machinery employed in the art. By N. E. SPRETSON, Engineer. Demy 8vo, cloth. Seventh edition in the press. French Polishing. The French - Polisher's Manual. By a French-Polisher; containing Timber Staining, Washing, Matching, Improving, Painting, Imitations, Directions for Staining, Sizing, Embodying, Smoothing, Spirit Varnishing, French-Polishing, Directions for Repolishing. Third edition, royal 32mo, sewed, 6d. PUBLISHED BY E. & F. N. SPON, LTD. 9 Furnaces.-Practical Hints on the Working and Construction of Regenerator Furnaces, being an Explanatory Treatise on the System of Gaseous Firing applicable to Retort Settings in Gas Works. By MAURICE GRAHAM, Assoc. Mem. Inst. C.E. Cuts, 8vo, cloth, 3s. Gas Analysis.-The Gas Engineers' Laboratory Handbook. By JOHN HORNBY, F.I.C., Honours Medallist in Gas Manipulation, City and Guilds of London Institute. Numerous illus- trations, crown 8vo, cloth, 65. CONTENTS: The Balance-Weights and Weighing-Sampling-Mechanical Division-Drying and Desiccation-Solution and Evaporation-Precipitation-Filtration and Treatment of Precipitates-Simple Gravimetric Estimations-Volumetric Analyses-Special Analyses required by Gas Works-Technical Gas Analysis-Gas Referees' Instructions, etc. etc. Gas and Oil Engines.-Gas, Gasoline and Oil Vapour Engines: a New Book Descriptive of their Theory and Power, illustrating their Design, Construction and Operation for Stationary, Marine and Vehicle Motive Power. Designed for the general informa- tion of every one interested in this new and popular Prime Mover. By G. D. HISCOX, M.E. Numerous engravings, 8vo, cloth, 12s. 6d. Gas Engines.-A Practical Handbook on the Care and Management of Gas Engines. By G. LIECKFEld, C.E. Authorised Translation by G. RICHMOND, M.E. With instructions for running Oil Engines. 16mo, cloth, 3s. 6d. Gas Engineering.-Manual for Gas Engineering Students. By D. LEE. 18mo, cloth, Is. Gas Works.-Gas Works: their Arrangement, Construction, Plant, and Machinery. By F. COLYER, M. Inst. C.E. With 31 folding plates, 8vo, cloth, 12s. 6d. Gold Mining.-Practical Gold-Mining: a Com- prehensive Treatise on the Origin and Occurrence of Gold-bearing Gravels, Rocks and Ores, and the Methods by which the Gold is extracted. By C. G. WARNFORD LOCK, Co-Author of 'Gold: its Occurrence and Extrac- tion.' With 8 plates and 275 engravings in the text, 788 pp., royal 8vo, cloth, 21. 25. Graphic Statics:-The Elements of Graphic Statics. By Professor KARL VON OTT, translated from the German by G. S. CLARKE, Capt. R.E., Instructor in Mechanical Drawing, Royal Indian Engineering College. With 93 illustrations, crown 8vo, cloth, 55, Graphic Statics. The Principles of Graphic Statics. By GEORGE SYDENHAM CLARKE, Capt. Royal Engineers. With 112 illustrations. Third edition, 4to, cloth, 12s. 6d. R 10 CATALOGUE OF SCIENTIFIC BOOKS Graphic Statics.-A New Method of Graphic Statics, applied in the construction of Wrought-Iron Girders, practically illustrated by a series of Working Drawings of modern type. By EDMUND OLANDER, of the Great Western Railway, Assoc. Mem. Inst. C.E. Small folio, cloth, 10s. 6d. Heat Engine.-Theory and Construction of a Rational Heat Motor. Translated from the German of RUDOLF DIESEL by BRYAN DONKIN, Mem. Inst. C.E. Numerous cuts and plates, 8vo, cloth, 6s. Hot Water.-Hot Water Supply: a Practical Treatise upon the Fitting of Circulating Apparatus in connection with Kitchen Range and other Boilers, to supply Hot Water for Domestic and General Purposes. With a Chapter upon Estimating. By F. DYE. Third edition, with illustrations, crown 8vo, cloth, 35. Hot Water.-Hot Water Apparatus: an Ele- mentary Guide for the Fitting and Fixing of Boilers and Apparatus for the Circulation of Hot Water for Heating and for Domestic Supply, and containing a Chapter upon Boilers and Fittings for Steam Cooking. By F. DYE. Second edition, revised, 32 illustrations, fcap. 8vo, cloth, Is. 6d. Household Manual.-Spons' Household Manual: a Treasury of Domestic Receipts and Guide for Home Management. Demy 8vo, cloth, containing 975 pages and 250 illustrations, price 7s. 6d. PRINCIPAL CONTENTS: Hints for selecting a good House-Sanitation-Water Supply-Ventilation and Warming -Lighting-Furniture and Decoration-Thieves and Fire-The Larder-Curing Foods for lengthened Preservation-The Dairy-The Cellar-The Pantry-The Kitchen-Receipts for Dishes-The Housewife's Room-Housekeeping, Marketing-The Dining-Room-The Drawing-Room-The Bedroom-The Nursery-The Sick-Room-The Bath-Room-The Laundry - The School-Room-The Playground-The Work-Room-The Library-The Garden-The Farmyard-Small Motors-Household Law. House Hunting.-Practical Hints on Taking a House. By H. PERCY BOULNOIS, Mem. Inst. C.E., City Engineer, Liverpool, Author of 'The Municipal and Sanitary Engineer's Hand- book,' 'Dirty Dustbins and Sloppy Streets,' &c. 18mo, cloth, 1s. 6d. Hydraulics. Simple Hydraulic Formula. By T. W. STONE, C.E., late Resident District Engineer, Victoria Water Supply. Crown 8vo, cloth, 4s. Hydraulic Machinery.-Hydraulic Steam and Hand-Power Lifting and Pressing Machinery. By FREDERICK COLYER, M. Inst. C.E., M. Inst. M.E. Second edition, revised and enlarged. With 88 plates, 8vo, cloth, 28s. Hydraulic Machinery.-Hydraulic Machinery. With an Introduction to Hydraulics. By ROBERT GORDON BLAINE, Assoc. M. Inst. C.E., &c. With 272 illustrations, 383 pp. 8vo, cloth, 14s. PUBLISHED BY E. & F. N. SPON, LTD. II Hydraulic Motors.-Water or Ilydraulic Motors. By PHILIP R. BJÖRLING. With 206 illustrations, crown 8vo, cloth, gs. CONTENTS: 1. Introduction-2. Hydraulics relating to Water Motors-3. Water-wheels-4. Breast Water-wheels-5. Overshot and High-breast Water-wheels-6. Pelton Water-wheels-7. General Remarks on Water-wheels-8. Turbines-9. Outward-flow Turbines-10. Inward- flow Turbines-11. Mixed-flow Turbines-12. Parallel-flow Turbines-13. Circumferential- flow Turbines-14. Regulation of Turbines-15. Details of Turbines-16. Water-pressure or Hydraulic Engines-17. Reciprocating Water-pressure Engines-18. Rotative Water- pressure Engines-19. Oscillating Water-pressure Engines-20. Rotary Water pressure Engines-21. General Remarks and Rules for Water-pressure Engine-22. Hydraulic Rams -23. Hydraulic Rams without Air Vessel in Direct Communication with the Drive Pipe- 24. Hydraulic Rams with Air Vessel in Direct Communication with the Drive Pipe-25. Hydraulic Pumping Rams-26. Hydraulic Ram Engines-27. Details of Hydraulic Rams- 28. Rules, Formulas, and Tables for Hydraulic Rams-29. Measuring Water in a Stream and over a Weir-Index. Hydropathic Establishments.-The Hydro- pathic Establishment and its Baths. By R. O. ALLSOP, Architect. Author of The Turkish Bath.' Illustrated with plates and sections, 8vo, cloth, 5s. CONTENTS: General Considerations-Requirements of the Hydropathic Establishment-Some existing Institutions-Baths and Treatments and the arrangement of the Bath-House-Vapour Baths and the Russian Bath-The Douche Room and its appliances-Massage and Electrical Treatment-Pulverisation and the Mont Dore Cure-Inhalation and the Pine Cure-The Sun Bath. Ice Making.—Theoretical and Practical Ammonia Refrigeration, a work of Reference for Engineers and others employed in the management of Ice and Refrigeration Machinery. By ILTYD L. REDWOOD, Assoc. Mem. Am. Soc. of M.E., Mem. Soc. Chemical Indus- try. Third edition, revised and corrected, with 25 pages of tables, square 16mo, cloth, 4s. 6d. Indicator.-- Twenty Years with the Indicator. By THOMAS PRAY, Jun., C.E., M.E., Member of the American Society of Civil Engineers. With illustrations, royal 8vo, cloth, 10s. 6d. Indicator.-A Treatise on the Richards Steam- Engine Indicator and the Development and Application of Force in the Steam-Engine. By CHARLES T. Porter. With illustrations. Fifth edition, revised and enlarged, 8vo, cloth, 9s. Induction Coils. Induction Coils and Coil Making a Treatise on the Construction and Working of Shock, Medical and Spark Coils. By F. C. ALLSOP. By F. C. ALLSOP. Second edition, with 125 illustra- tions, crown 8vo, cloth, 3s. 6d. Iron. The Mechanical and other Properties of Iron and Steel in connection with their Chemical Composition. By A. Vosmaer, Engineer. Crown 8vo, cloth, 6s. CONTENTS: The metallurgical behaviour of Carbon with Iron and Steel, also Manganese-Silicon- Phosphorus-Sulphur-Copper-Chromium-Titanium-Tungsten-Aluminium-Nickel- Cobalt-Arsenic-Analyses of Iron and Steel, &c. 12 CATALOGUE OF SCIENTIFIC BOOKS 1 Iron Manufacture.-Roll-Turning for Sections in Steel and Iron, working drawings for Rails, Sleepers, Girders, Bulbs, Ties, Angles, &c., also Blooming and Cogging for Plates and Billets. By ADAM SPENCER. Second edition, with 78 large plates. Illustrations of nearly every class of work in this Industry. 4to, cloth, 17. 10s. Locomotive.-The Construction of the Modern Locomotive. By GEORGE HUGHES, Assistant in the Chief Mechanical Engineer's Department, Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway. Numerous engravings, 8vo, cloth, 9s. CONTENTS: The Boiler-The Foundry-the Use of Steel Castings-Brass Foundry-The Forge- Smithy, including Springs-Coppersmiths' Work-The Machine Shop-Erecting. Lime and Cement.-A Manual of Lime and Cement, their treatment and use in construction. By A. H. HEATH. Crown 8vo, cloth, 6s. Liquid Fuel.-Liquid Fuel for Mechanical and Industrial Purposes. Compiled by E. A. BRAYLEY HODGEtts. With wood engravings. 8vo, cloth, 5s. Machinery Repairs.-The Repair and Mainten- ance of Machinery; a Handbook of Practical Notes and Memoranda for Engineers and Machinery Users. By T. W. BARBER, C.E., M.E., Author of 'The Engineers' Sketch Book.' With about 400 illustrations, 8vo, cloth, ros. 6d. Mechanical Engineering.-Handbook for Me- chanical Engineers. By HENRY ADAMS, Professor of Engineering at the City of London College, Mem. Inst. C.E., Mem. Inst. M.E., &c. Fourth edition, revised and enlarged. Crown 8vo, cloth, 7s. 6d. CONTENTS: Fundamental Principles of Mechanics-Varieties and Properties of Materials-Strength of Materials and Structures-Pattern Making-Moulding and Founding-Forging, Welding and Riveting-Workshop Tools and General Machinery-Transmission of Power, Friction and Lubrication-Thermodynamics and Steam-Steam Boilers-The Steam Engine-Hy- draulic Machinery-Electrical Engineering-Sundry Notes and Tables. Mechanical Engineering. -The Mechanician: a Treatise on the Construction and Manipulation of Tools, for the use and instruction of Young Engineers and Scientific Amateurs, comprising the Arts of Blacksmithing and Forging; the Construction and Manufacture of Hand Tools, and the various Methods of Using and Grinding them; description of Hand and Machine Processes; Turning and Screw Cutting. By CAMERON KNIGHT, Engineer. Containing 1147 illustrations, and 397 pages of letter-press. Fourth edition, 4to, cloth, 18s. PUBLISHED BY E. & F. N. SPON, Ltd. 13 Mechanical Movements.-The Engineers' Sketch- Book of Mechanical Movements, Devices, Appliances, Contrivances, Details employed in the Design and Construction of Machinery for every purpose. Collected from numerous Sources and from Actual Work. Classified and Arranged for Reference. With 2600 Illustrations. By T. W. BARBER, Engineer. Third edition, 8vo, cloth, 10s. 6d. Metal Plate Work.-Metal Plate Work: its Patterns and their Geometry. Also Notes on Metals and Rules in Men- suration for the use of Tin, Iron, and Zinc Plate-workers, Coppersmiths, Boiler-makers and Plumbers. By C. T. MILLIS, M.I.M.E. With numerous illustrations, crown 8vo, cloth. Third edition in the press. Metrical Tables.-Metrical Tables. By Sir G. L. Molesworth, M.I.C.E. Third edition, revised and enlarged, 32mo, cloth, 25. Mill-Gearing.-A Practical Treatise on Mill-Gear- ing, Wheels, Shafts, Riggers, etc.; for the use of Engineers. By THOMAS Box. Fifth edition, with 11 plates, crown 8vo, cloth, 7s. 6d. Mill - Gearing. - The Practical Millwright and Engineer's Ready Reckoner; or Tables for finding the diameter and power of cog-wheels, diameter, weight, and power of shafts, diameter and strength of bolts, etc. By THOMAS DIXON. Sixth edition, 12mo, cloth, 3. Mineral Oils.-A Practical Treatise on Mineral Oils and their By-Products, including a Short History of the Scotch Shale Oil Industry, the Geological and Geographical Distribution of Scotch Shales, Recovery of Acid and Soda used in Oil Refining, and a list of Patents relating to Mineral Oils. By ILTYD I. REDWOOD, Mem. Soc. Chemical Industry. 8vo, cloth, 155. Miners' Pocket-Book.-Miners' Pocket-Book; a Reference Book for Miners, Mine Surveyors, Geologists, Mineralogists, Millmen, Assayers, Metallurgists, and Metal Merchants all over the world. By C. G. WARNFORD LOCK, author of 'Practical Gold Mining,' 'Mining and Ore-Dressing Machinery,' &c. Third edition, fcap. 8vo, roan, gilt edges, 12s. 6d. CONTENTS : Confiden Motive Power-Dams and Reservoirs-Transmitting Power-Weights and Measures- Prospecting - Boring — Drilling-Blasting-Explosives Shaft Sinking-Pumping-Venti- lating-Lighting-Coal Cutting-Hauling and Hoisting-Water Softening-Stamp Batteries -Crushing Rolls-Jordan's Centrifugal Process-River Mining-Ore Dressing-Gold, Silver, Copper Smelting-Treatment of Ores-Coal Cleaning-Mine Surveyin-British Rocks- Geological Maps-Mineral Veins-Mining Methods-Coal Seams-Minerals-Precious Stones-Metals and Metallic Ores-Metalliferous Minerals-Assaying-Glossary-List of Useful Books-Index, &c., &c., &c. 14 CATALOGUE OF SCIENTIFIC BOOKS t Mining and Ore-Dressing Machinery.-By C. G. WARNFORD LOCK, Author of 'Practical Gold Mining.' Numerous illustrations, super-royal 4to, cloth, 25s. Mining.-Economic Mining; a Practical Hand- book for the Miner, the Metallurgist, and the Merchant. WARNFORD LOCK, Mem. Inst. of Mining and Metallurgy, 'Practical Gold Mining.' With illustrations, 8vo, cloth, 21s. Municipal Engineering. By C. G. Author of The Municipal and Sanitary Engineer's Handbook. By H. PERCY BOULNOIS, Mem. Inst. C.E., Borough Engineer, Portsmouth. With numerous illustrations. Third edition, re-written, demy 8vo, cloth, 15s. CONTENTS: The Appointment and Duties of the Town Surveyor-Traffic-Macadamised Roadways- Steam Rolling-Road Metal and Breaking-Pitched Pavements-Asphalte-Wood Pavements -Footpaths-Kerbs and Gutters-Street Naming and Numbering -Street Lighting-Sewer age-Ventilation of Sewers-Disposal of Sewage-House Drainage-Disinfection-Gas and Water Companies, etc., Breaking up Streets-Improvement of Private Streets-Borrowing Powers-Artizans' and Labourers' Dwellings-Public Conveniences-Scavenging, including Street Cleansing-Watering and the Removing of Snow-Planting Street Trees-Deposit of Plans-Dangerous Buildings-Hoardings-Obstructions-Improving Street Lines-Cellar Openings-Public Pleasure Grounds-Cemeteries-Mortuaries-Cattle and Ordinary Markets -Public Slaughter-houses, etc.-Giving numerous Forms of Notices, Specifications, and General Information upon these and other subjects of great importance to Municipal Engi- neers and others engaged in Sanitary Work. Paints. Pigments, Paint and Painting. A Practical Book for Practical Men. By GEORGE TERRY. With illus- trations, crown 8vo, cloth, 7s. 6d. Paper Manufacture.-A Text-Book of Paper- Making. By C. F. CROSS and E. J. BEVan. With engravings, crown 8vo, cloth. Second edition in preparation. Perfumery. Perfumes and their Preparation, containing complete directions for making Handkerchief Perfumes, Smelling Salts, Sachets, Fumigating Pastils, Preparations for the care of the Skin, the Mouth, the Hair, and other Toilet articles, with a detailed description of aromatic substances, their nature, tests of purity, and wholesale manufacture. By G. W. ASKINSON, Dr. Chem. With 32 engravings, 8vo, cloth, 12s. 6d. Perspective. Perspective, Explained and Illus- trated. By G. S. CLARKE, Capt. R.E. With illustrations, 8vo, cloth, 3s. 6d. Phonograph.-The Phonograph, and How to Con- struct it. With a Chapter on Sound. By W. GILLETT. With engravings and full working drawings, crown 8vo, cloth, 5s. PUBLISHED BY E. & F. N. SPON, LTD. 15 1 Popular Engineering. -Popular Engineering, being interesting and instructive examples in Civil, Mechanical, Electrical, Chemical, Mining, Military and Naval Engineering, graphically and plainly described, and specially written for those about to enter the Engineering Profession and the Scientific Amateur, with chapters on Perpetual Motion and Engineering Schools and Colleges. By F. DYE. With 700 illustrations, crown 4to, cloth, 7s. 6d. Plumbing.-Plumbing, Drainage, Water Supply and Hot Water Fitting. By JOHN SMEATON, C.E., M.S.A., R.P., Examiner to the Worshipful Plumbers' Company. Numerous engravings, 8vo, cloth, 7s. 6d. Pumping on Engines.-Practical Handbook Direct-acting Pumping Engine and Steam Pump Construction. By PHILIP R. BJÖRLING. With 20 plates, crown 8vo, cloth, 5s. Pumps.-A Practical Handbook on Pump Con- struction. By PHILIP R. BJÖRLING. Plates, crown 8vo, cloth, 5s. CONTENTS: Principle of the action of a Pump-Classification of Pumps-Description of various classes of Pumps-Remarks on designing Pumps-Materials Pumps should be made of for different kinds of Liquids-Description of various classes of Pump-valves-Materials Pump- valves should be made of for different kinds of Liquids-Various Classes of Pump-buckets- On designing Pump-buckets-Various Classes of Pump-pistons-Cup-leathers-Air-vessels- Rules and Formulas, &c., &c. Pumps.-Pump Details. With 278 illustrations. By PHILIP R. BJÖRLING, author of a Practical Handbook on Pump Construction. Crown 8vo, cloth, 7s. 6d. CONTENTS: Windbores-Foot-valves and Strainers-Clack-pieces, Bucket-door-pieces, and H-pieces Working-barrels and Flunger-cases-Plungers or Rams-Piston and Plunger, Bucket and Plunger, Buckets and Valves-Pump-rods and Spears, Spear-rod Guides, &c.-Valve-swords, Spindles. and Draw-hooks-Set-offs or Off-sets-Pipes, Pipe-joints, and Pipe-stays—Pump- slings-Guide-rods and Guides, Kites, Yokes, and Connecting-rods-L Bobs, T Bobs, Angle or V Bobs, and Balance-beams, Rock-arms, and Fend-off Beams, Cisterns, and Tanks -Minor Details. Pumps.-Pumps and Pumping Machinery. By F. COLYER, Mem. Inst. C.E., Mem. Inst. M.E. Part I., second edition, revised and enlarged, with 50 plates, 8vo, cloth, 17. 8s. Part II., 12s. 6d. CONTENTS: Three-throw Lift and Well Pumps-Tonkin's Patent "Cornish " Steam Pump-Thorne- will and Warham's Steam Pump-Water Valves-Water Meters--Centrifugal Pumping Machinery-Airy and Anderson's Spiral Pumps-Blowing Engines-Air Compressors- Horizontal High-pressure Engines-Horizontal Compound Engines-Reidler Engine-Ver- tical Compound Pumping. Engines-Compound Beam Pumping Engines-Shonheyder's Patent Regulator-Cornish Beam Engines-Worthington High-duty Pumping Engine- Davy's Patent Differential Pumping Engine-Tonkin's Patent Pumping Engine-Lancashire Boiler-Babcock and Wilcox Water-tube Builers.' A 16 CATALOGUE OF SCIENTIFIC BOOKS 1 · Pumps. Pumps, Historically, Theoretically, and By P. R. BJÖRLING. With 156 illustrations. Practically Considered. Crown 8vo, cloth, 7s. 6d. Quantities.-A Complete Set of Contract Documents for a Country Lodge, comprising Drawings, Specifications, Dimensions (for quantities), Abstracts, Bill of Quantities, Form of Tender and Con- tract, with Notes by J. LEANING, printed in facsimile of the original documents, on single sheets fcap., in linen case, 5s. By Quantity Surveying.-Quantity Surveying. J. LEANING. With 68 illustrations. Third edition, revised, demy 8vo, cloth, 15s. CONTENTS: A complete Explanation of the London Practice. General Instructions. Order of Taking Off. Modes of Measurement of the various Trades. Use and Waste. Ventilation and Warming. Credits, with various Examples of Treatment. Abbreviations. Squaring the Dimensions. Abstracting, with Examples in illustration of each Trade. Billing. Examples of Preambles to each Trade. Form for a Bill of Quantities. Do. Bill of Credits. Do. Bill for Alternative Estimate. Restorations and Repairs, and Form of Bill. Variations before Acceptance of Tender. Errors in a Builder's Estimate. Schedule of Prices. Form of Schedule of Prices. Analysis of Schedule of Prices. Adjustment of Accounts. Form of a Bill of Variations. Remarks on Specifications. Prices and Valuation of Work, with Examples and Remarks upon each Trade. The Law as it affects Quantity Surveyors, with Law Reports. Taking Off after the Old Method. Northern Practice. The General Statement of the Methods recommended by the Manchester Society of Architects for taking Quantities. Examples of Collections. Examples of "Taking Off” in each Trade. Remarks on the Past and Present Methods of Estimating. Railway Curves.-Tables for Setting out Curves for Railways, Canals, Roads, etc., varying from a radius of five chains to three miles. By A. KENNEDY and R. W. HACKWOOD. Illustrated, 32mo, cloth, 2s. 6d. Roads. The Maintenance of Macadamised Roads. By T. CODRINGTON, M.I.C.E., F.G.S., General Superintendent of County Roads for South Wales. Second edition, 8vo, cloth, 7s. 6d. Scamping Tricks.-Scamping Tricks and Odd Knowledge occasionally practised upon Public Works, chronicled from the confessions of some old Practitioners. By JOHN NEWMAN, Assoc. M. Inst. C.E., author of Earthwork Slips and Subsidences upon Public Works,' 'Notes on Concrete,' &c. Crown 8vo, cloth, 2s. 6d. Screw Cutting.-Turners' Handbook on Screw Cutting, Coning, etc., etc., with Tables, Examples, Gauges, and Formulæ. BY WALTER PRICE. Fcap. 8vo, cloth, Is. PUBLISHED BY E. & F. N. SPON, LTD. 17 Screw Cutting. Screw Cutting Tables for En- gineers and Machinists, giving the values of the different trains of Wheels required to produce Screws of any pitch, calculated by Lord Lindsay. Second edition, oblong royal 8vo, cloth, 2s. Screw Cutting.-Screw Cutting Tables, for the use of Mechanical Engineers, showing the proper arrangement of Wheels for cutting the Threads of Screws of any required pitch, with a Table for making the Universal Gas-pipe Threads and Taps. By W. A. MARTIN, Engineer. Sixth edition, oblong, cloth, Is. Sewerage.-Sewerage and Sewage Disposal. By HENRY ROBINSON, Mem. Inst. C.E., F.G.S., Professor of Civil Engineering, King's College, London, &c., with large folding plate. Demy 8vo, cloth, 12s. 6d. Slide Valve.-A Treatise on a Practical Method of Designing Slide-Valve Gears by Simple Geometrical Construction, based upon the principles enunciated in Euclid's Elements, and comprising the various forms of Plain Slide-Valve and Expansion Gearing; together with Stephenson's, Gooch's, and Allan's Link-Motions, as applied either to reversing or to variable expansion combinations. By EDWARD J. Cow- LING WELCH, Mem. Inst. M.E. Crown 8vo, cloth, 6s. Soap.-A Treatise on the Manufacture of Soap and Candles, Lubricants and Glycerine. By W. LANT Carpenter, B.A., B.Sc. Second edition, revised by HENRY Leask, with illustrations, crown 8vo, 12s. 6d. Stair Building.-Practical Stair Building and Handrailing by the Square Section and Falling Line System. By W. H. WOOD. Folding plates, post 4to, cloth, 10s. 6d. Steam Boilers.-Steam Boilers, their Manage- ment and Working on land and sea. By JAMES PEATTIE. edition, with illustrations, crown 8vo, cloth, 5s. Third Steam Engine. - A Practical Treatise on the Steam Engine, containing Plans and Arrangements of Details for Fixed Steam Engines, with Essays on the Principles involved in Design and Construction. By ARTHUR RIGG, Engineer, Member of the Society of Engineers and of the Royal Institution of Great Britain. Second edition, copiously illustrated with woodcuts and 103 plates, in one Volume, demy 4to, cloth, 25s. This work is not, in any sense, an elementary treatise, or history of the steam engine, but is intended to describe examples of Fixed Steam Engines without entering into the wide domain of locomotive or marine practice. To this end illustrations will be given of the most recent arrangements of Horizontal, Vertical, Beam, Pumping, Winding, Portable, Semi- portable, Corliss, Allen, Compound, and other similar Engines, by the most eminent Firms in Great Britain and America. The laws relating to the action and precautions to be observed in the construction of the various details, such as Cylinders, Pistons, Piston-rods, Connecting- B 18 CATALOGUE OF SCIENTIFIC BOOKS rods, Cross-heads, Motion-blocks, Eccentrics, Simple, Expansion, Balanced, and Equilibrium Slide-valves, and Valve-gearing will be minutely dealt with. In this connection will be found articles upon the Velocity of Reciprocating Parts and the Mode of Applying the Indicator, Heat and Expansion of Steam Governors, and the like. It is the writer's desire to draw illustrations from every possible source, and give only those rules that present practice deems correct. Steam Engine.—The Steam Engine considered as a Thermodynamic Machine, a treatise on the Thermodynamic efficiency of Steam Engines, illustrated by Tables, Diagrams, and Examples from Practice. By JAS. H. COTTERILL, M.A., F.R.S., Professor of Applied Mechanics in the Royal Naval College. Third edition, revised and enlarged, 8vo, cloth, 155. Steam Engine.-Steam Engine Management; a Treatise on the Working and Management of Steam Boilers. By F. COLYER, M. Inst. C.E., Mem. Inst. M.E. Second edition, revised and enlarged, 18mo, cloth, 3s. 6d. Steam Engine.-A Treatise on Modern Steam Engines and Boilers, including Land, Locomotive and Marine Engines and Boilers, for the use of Students. By FREDerick Colyer, M. Inst. C.E., Mem. Inst. M.E. With 36 plates. 4to, cloth, 12s. 6d. Sugar. Tables for the Quantitative Estimation of the Sugars, with Explanatory Notes. By Dr. ERNEST WEIN; translated, with additions, by WILLIAM FREW, Ph.D. Crown 8vo, cloth, 6s. Sugar. A Handbook for Planters and Refiners; being a comprehensive Treatise on the Culture of Sugar-yielding Plants, and on the Manufacture, Refining, and Analysis of Cane, Palm, Maple, Melon, Beet, Sorghum, Milk, and Starch Sugars; with copious Statistics of their Production and Commerce, and a chaper on the Distillation of Rum. By C. G. WARNFORD LOCK, F.L.S., &c.; B. E. R. NEWLANDS, F.C.S., F.I.C., Mem. Council Soc. Chemical Industry; and J. A. R. NEWLANDS, F.C.S., F.I.C. Upwards of 200 illustrations and many plates, 8vo, cloth, 17. 1òS. Surveying.-A Practical Treatise on the Science of Land and Engineering Surveying, Levelling, Estimating Quantities, etc., with a general description of the several Instruments required for Sur- veying, Levelling, Plotting, etc. By H. S. MERRETT. Fifth edition, revised by G. W. USILL, Assoc. Mem. Inst. C.E. 41 plates, with illus- trations and tables, royal 8vo, cloth, 12s. 6d. Surveying and Levelling. Surveying and Levelling Instruments theoretically and practically described, for construc- tion, qualities, selection, preservation, adjustments, and uses, with other apparatus and appliances used by Civil Engineers and Surveyors. By W. F. STANLEY. Second edition. 350 cuts, crown 8vo, cloth, 7s. 6d. PUBLISHED BY E. & F. N. SPON, LTD. 19 Tables of Logarithms.-A B C Five-Figure Logarithms for general use. By C. J. WOODWARD, B.Sc. Containing Mantissæ of numbers to 10,000. Log. Sines, Tangents, Cotangents, and Cosines to 10" of Arc. Together with full explanations and simple exercises showing use of the tables. With Index cut in edges, fcap. 8vo, limp leather, 45. Tables of Squares.-Barlow's Tables of Squares, Cuhes Square Roots, Cube Roots, Reciprocals of all Integer Numbers up to Post 8vo, cloth, 6s. 10,000. Telephones. - Telephones, their Construction and Fitting. By F. C. ALLSOP. Fifth edition in the press. With 210 illustrations, crown 8vo, cloth. Tobacco Cultivation.-Tobacco Growing, Curing, and Manufacturing; a Handbook for Planters in all parts of the world. Edited by C. G. WARNFORD LOCK, F.L.S. With illustrations. Crown 8vo, cloth, 6s. Tropical Agriculture.- Tropical Agriculture: a Treatise on the Culture, Preparation, Commerce and Consumption of the principal Products of the Vegetable Kingdom. By P. L. SIMMONDS, F.L.S., F.R.C.I. New edition, revised and enlarged, 8vo, cloth, 215. Turning. The Practice of Hand Turning in Wood, Ivory, Shell, etc., with Instructions for Turning such Work in Metal as may be required in the Practice of Turning in Wood, Ivory, etc.; also an Appendix on Ornamental Turning. (A book for beginners.) By FRANCIS CAMPIN. Third edition, with wood engravings, crown 8vo, cloth, 3s. 6d. Valve Gears. Treatise on Valve-Gears, with special consideration of the Link-Motions of Locomotive Engines. By Dr. GUSTAV ZEUNER, Professor of Applied Mechanics at the Confede- rated Polytechnikum of Zurich. Translated from the Fourth German Edition, by Professor J. F. KLEIN, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pa. Illustrated, 8vo, cloth, 12s. 6d. Varnish. The practical Polish and Varnish-Maker; a Treatise containing 750 practical Receipts and Formulæ for the Manu- facture of Polishes, Lacquers, Varnishes, and Japans of all kinds, for workers in Wood and Metal, and directions for using same. By H. C. STANDAGE (Practical Chemist), author of 'The Artist's Manual of Pigments.' Crown 8vo, cloth, 6s. I 2 ! 20 CATALOGUE OF SCIENTIFIC BOOKS Ventilation.—Health and Comfort in House Build- ing; or, Ventilation with Warm Air by Self-acting Suction Power. With Review of the Mode of Calculating the Draught in Hot-air Flues, and with some Actual Experiments by J. DRYSDALE, M.D., and J. W. HAYWARD, M.D. With plates and woodcuts. Third edition, with some New Sections, and the whole carefully revised, 8vo, cloth, 7s. 6d. Warming and Ventilating. - A Practical Treatise upon Warming Buildings by Hot Water, and upon Heat and Heating Appliances in general; with an inquiry respecting Ventilation, the cause and action of Draughts in Chimneys and Flues, and the laws relating to Combustion. By CHARLES HOOD, F.R.S. Re-written by FREDERICK DYE. Third edition. 8vo, cloth, 15s. Watchwork.- Treatise on Watchwork, Past and Present. By the Rev. H. L. NELTHROPP, M.A., F.S.A. illustrations, crown 8vo, cloth, 6s. 6d. CONTENTS : With 32 Definitions of Words and Terms used in Watchwork-Tools-Time-Historical Sum- mary-On Calculations of the Numbers for Wheels and Pinions; their Proportional Sizes, Trains, etc.-Of Dial Wheels, or Motion Work-Length of Time of Going without Winding up-The Verge-The Horizontal-The Duplex-The Lever-The Chronometer-Repeating Watches-Keyless Watches-The Pendulum, or Spiral Spring-Compensation-Jewelling of Pivot Holes-Clerkenwell-Fallacies of the Trade-Incapacity of Workmen-How to Choose and Use a Watch, etc. Water Softening. Water Softening and Purifi- cation: the Softening and Clarification of Hard and Dirty Waters. By HAROLD Collet. Crown 8vo, cloth, 5s. Waterworks. The Principles of Waterworks Engineering. By J. H. T. TUDSBERY, D.Sc., Hunter Medallist of Glas- gow University, M. Inst. C.E., and A. W. BRIGHTMORE, M.Sc., Assoc. M. Inst. C.E. Second edition, with illustrations and 13 plates, medium 8vo, cloth, 25s. Well Sinking.-Well Sinking. The modern prac- tice of Sinking and Boring_Wells, with geological considerations and examples of Wells. By ERNEST SPON, Assoc. Mem. Inst. C.E. Second edition, revised and enlarged. Crown 8vo, cloth, 10s. 6d. Wiring. - Incandescent Wiring Hand-Book. By F. B. BADT, late 1st Lieut. Royal Prussian Artillery. With 41 illustra- tions and 5 tables. 18mo, cloth, 4s. 6d. Wood-working Factories.-On the Arrange- ment, Care, and Operation of Wood-working Factories and Machinery, forming a complete Operator's Handbook. By J. RICHARD, Mechanical Engineer. Second edition, revised, woodcuts, crown 8vo, cloth, 5s. 'PUBLISHED BY E. & F. N. SPON, Ltd. 21 SPONS' DICTIONARY OF ENGINEERING, CIVIL, MECHANICAL, MILITARY, & NAVAL, WITH Technical Terms in French, German, Italian, and Spanish. In 97 numbers, Super-royal 8vo, containing 3132 printed pages and 7414 engravings. Any number can be had separate: Nos. I to 95 Is. each, post free; Nos. 96, 97, 2s., post free. Abacus Adhesion Air-Chamber COMPLETE LIST OF ALL THE SUBJECTS: Agricultural Engines. Air-Pump .. Algebraic Signs Alloy Aluminium Amalgamating Machine Ambulance Angular Motion Anchors Anemometer Angle-iron.. Angle of Friction.. Animal Charcoal Machine Antimony, 4; Anvil : Nos. I I Barometer, 8; Barracks .. Barrage I and 2 Bell and Bell-hanging : 112 ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ 2 Nos. 8 8 and 9 ΙΟ Io and II .. II II and 12 12 2. Belts and Belting .. .. 2 Bismuth 2 Blast Furnace 2 Blowing Machine 2 Body Plan.. .. 12 and 13 2 Boilers .. 13, 14, 15 2 Bond .. 15 and 16 Bone Mill 16 2 and 3 16 3 and 4 Boring and Blasting .. 16 to 19 3 Brake .. 19 and 20 3 Bread Machine 20 +4 Brewing Apparatus Bridges 20 and 21 .. Brick-making Machines 21 ·· Boot-making Machinery Aqueduct, 4; Arch 4 Archimedean Screw 4 Buffer Arming Press 4 and 5 Cables 21 to 28 28 28 and 29 Armour, 5; Arsenic : 5 Cam, 29; Canal .. 29 Artesian Well Candles 29 and 30 Artillery 5 and 6 Assaying 6 Cement, 30; Chimney Coal Cutting and Washing Ma- 30 Atomic Weights 6 and 7 chinery 31 Auger, 7; Axles Balance, 7; Ballast Bank Note Machinery Barn Machinery Barker's Mill · 777∞ ∞ Coast Defence 31, 32 Compasses.. .. 32 Construction 7 and 8 8 Cork cutting Machine Cooler, 34; Copper 32 and 33 .. 34 34 22 CATALOGUE OF SCIENTIFIC BOOKS Nos. .. 34 and 35 35 35 to 37 37, 38 38 38 and 39 39 Docks Drainage Drawbridge .. 39 and 40 40 and 41 4I .. 41 Dynamometer 41 to 43 43, 44 44, 45 I and 2 74, 75 Details of Engines Corrosion Cotton Machinery Damming Displacement Distilling Apparatus Diving and Diving Bells Dredging Machine Electro-Metallurgy Engines, Varieties Engines, Agricultural Engines, Marine Isomorphism, 68; Joints Nos. 68 Keels and Coal Shipping 68 and 69 Kiln, 69; Knitting Machine Kyanising .. .. 69 69 69, 70 70 70, 71 Lamp, Safety Lead Lifts, Hoists Lights, Buoys, Beacons 71 and 72 ·· Limes, Mortars, and Cements .. 72 Locks and Lock Gates 72, 73 Locomotive 73 Machine Tools Manganese .. 73, 74 74 Marine Engine 74 and 75 Materials of Construction 75 and 76 Measuring and Folding 76 Engines, Screw 89, 90 Mechanical Movements 76, 77 Engines, Stationary 91, 92 Mercury, 77; Metallurgy 77 Escapement 45, 46 Meter 77,78 Fan 46 Metric System 78 File-cutting Machine Fire-arms Flax Machinery .. 46 Mills 78, 79 46, 47 47, 48 Float Water-wheels Forging 48 .. 48 Paper Machinery Founding and Casting Friction, 50; Friction, Angle of 48 to 50 3 1 Fuel, 50; Furnace Fuze, 51; Gas Gearing Gearing Belt Geodesy Glass Machinery 50, 51 Pipes 51 Molecule, 79; Oblique Arch Ores, 79, 80; Ovens Over-shot Water-wheel Permanent Way Piles and Pile-driving Planimeter .. 79 80 80, 81 ::: : 81 81, 82 82 and 83 83, 84 51, 52 Pumps IO, II Quarrying 52 and 53 Railway Engineering 53 Gold, 53, 54; Governor.. Gravity, 54; Grindstone Gun-carriage, 54; Gun Metal .. 54 54 44 .. 54 Roofs Gunnery Gunpowder Gun Machinery Hand Tools Hanger, 58; Harbour 54 to 56 56 56, 57 57, 58 chinery Haulage, 58, 59; Hinging Hydraulics and Hydraulic Ma- • Ice-making Machine India-rubber 59 to 63 63 88 gབསྙམ Retaining Walls .. Rivers, 86, 87; Riveted Joint Roads Rope-making Machinery 84 .. 84 and 85 85 . 85 and 86 86 87 87, 88 88, 89 89 Scaffolding 89 Screw Engines 89,90 Signals, 90; Silver 90, 91 Stationary Engine 91, 92 Stave-making & Cask Machinery 92 Steel, 92; Sugar Mill 92, 93 Surveying and Surveying Instru- ments 93, 94 63 Telegraphy 94, 95 Indicator .. 63 and 64 Testing, 95; Turbine 95 Injector 64 Ventilation 95, 96, 97 Iron Iron Ship Building Irrigation 64 to 67 67 Waterworks 96, 97 Wood-working Machinery 96, 97 .. 67 and 68 Zinc 96, 97 PUBLISHED BY E. & F. N. SPON, LTD. 23 A # A SUPPLEMENT ΤΟ SPONS' DICTIONARY OF ENGINEERING, CIVIL, MECHANICAL, MILITARY, AND NAVAL. EDITED BY ERNEST SPON, ASSOC. MEM. INST. C.E., MEM. SOC. ENGINEERS, OF THE FRANKLIN INSTITUTE, AND OF THE GEOLOGISTS' ASSOCIATION. 1, 2 Drainage Dredging 2 Axles and Axle-boxes 2 2 Dynamo-Electric and Magneto - Electric Machines · In 18 Parts, price 2s. each, post free 2s. 2d. Bound in cloth, 3 Divisions, 13s. 6d. each. Or, in One Vol., cloth, £2; half-morocco, £2 8s. COMPLETE LIST OF ALL THE SUBJECTS. Abacus Agricultural Imple- ments Air Compressors Animal Charcoal Ma- chinery. Antimony No. I Coke Ovens Copper I Dock No.1 7 Machine Tools 7 Materials of Con- ∞∞∞ ::: No. 14. 7,8 struction, Strength 8 of .. 14, 15 8 Mercury 15 Meters 15 Ores .. 15 8 Piers.. 15 Barn Machinery Belts and Belting 2 Dynamometer.. 8, 9 2 Electrical Engineer- Pile Driving 15 Pneumatic Transmis- Blasting 3 ing 9, 10 sion 15 Boilers Brake 3 Engines, Varieties of 10 3 Explosives Pump 15 10 Pyrometer 15 chines Brick - making Ma- Fans... Bridge Cages Calculus Canals 10 Road Locomotive 15, 16 3, 4 Founding IO II Rock Drill 16 .. .. Carpentry : : : .. Cast Iron.. 5, 6 Hydro-geology Cement, Concrete, Indicator Limes and Mortar 6 Iron Chimney Shafts 6 Lifts. Hoists and Ele- 4, 5 Gas, Manufacture of II 5 Hammers.. 5 Heat 5 Horse Power 5 Hydraulics Sanitary Engineer- Shafts and Shaft Fit- Stone - working Ma- chinery.. Tramways Rolling Stock 16, 17 II 12 ing 17, 18 12 12 12 tings Steel.. 18 ·· 18 .. 12, 13 13 18 .. 18 Coal Cleansing and vators 13 Well Sinking and Washing 6 Lights, Buoys and Boring.. 18 Coal Mining 6, 7 Beacons 13, 14 • 24 CATALOGUE OF SCIENTIFIC BOOKS. SECOND EDITION. In demy 4to, handsomely bound in cloth, illustrated with 220 full page plates, Price 15s. ARCHITECTURAL EXAMPLES IN BRICK, STONE, WOOD, AND IRON. A COMPLETE WORK ON THE DETAILS AND ARRANGEMENT OF BUILDING CONSTRUCTION AND DESIGN. BY WILLIAM FULLERTON, ARCHITECT. Containing 220 Plates, with numerous Drawings selected from the Architecture of Former and Present Times. The Details and Designs are Drawn to Scale, \", \", \", and Full size being chiefly used. The Plates are arranged in Two Parts. The First Part contains Details of Work in the four principal Building materials, the following heing a few of the subjects in this Part:-Various forms of Doors and Windows, Wood and Iron Roofs, Half Timber Work, Porches, Towers, Spires, Belfries, Flying Buttresses, Groining, Carving, Church Fittings, Constructive and Ornamental Iron Work, Classic and Gothic Molds and Ornament, Foliation Natural and Conventional, Stained Glass, Coloured Decoration, a Section to Scale of the Great Pyramid, Grecian and Roman Work, Continental and English Gothic, Pile Foundations, Chimney Shafts according to the regulations of the London County Council, Board Schools. The Second Part consists of Drawings of Plans and Elevations of Buildings, arranged under the following heads :-Workmen's Cottages and Dwellings, Cottage Resi- dences and Dwelling Houses, Shops, Factories, Warehouses, Schools, Churches and Chapels, Public Buildings, Hotels and Taverns, and Buildings of a general character. All the Plates are accompanied with particulars of the Work, with Explanatory Notes and Dimensions of the various parts. Specimen Pages, reduced from the originals. Architectural Examples-Town Hall→→→ Altmales Furish is Wonderer Seds of Fust. Elevation of o Town Hall. Built & cut stoneE Architectural Examples- · Stone - Work .-- Stone-Work. Carbale order Arch-mulda af Chantal Arch. Haly Grous Akbay Tipperary. + Andrų. Cuartus. *A curry. 211. ! Architectural Examples--Brickwork &c. Mehed of Carcerwoling Concrats. Wals Bounding Suction 21. Architectural Examples~~ Windows 72 Mary's Ch: Lingola. 1 1 26 CATALOGUE OF SCIENTIFIC BOOKS SPONS' ENCYCLOPEDIA OF THE Industrial Arts, Manufactures & Commercial Products. EDITED BY C. G. WARNFORD LOCK, F.L.S., &c. In super-royal 8vo, containing 2100 pages, and Illustrated by nearly 1500 Engravings. Can be had in the following bindings: In 2 Vols., cloth In 5 Divisions, cloth In 2 Vols., half-morocco, top edge gilt, bound in a superior manner In 33 Parts, Sewed, at 2s. each. Any Part can be had separate, price 2s. ; postage 2d. COMPLETE LIST OF ALL THE SUBJECTS. PART £3 10 0 3 11 6 4 10 0 14 Narcotics.. Oils and Fatty Sub- 3, 4 Electro-Metallurgy.. 14 PART Acids Alcohol 1, 2, 3 Dyestuffs 4, 5 Explosives 5, 6 Feathers Alkalies Alloys Arsenic Asphalte Aerated Waters Beer and Wine Beverages.. Bleaching Powder Bleaching.. Borax Brushes Buttons Camphor Candles Carbon • • : : 6 Fibrous Substances 6 6 Floor-cloth 6, 7 Food Preservation 7, 8 Fruit.. 8 Fur 8, 9 Gas, Coal.. 9 Gems 9 Glass.. 9 Graphite PART 21, 22 14, 15 stances.. 22, 23, 24 15 Paper ·· 24 Paraffin 24 15, 16 Pearl and Coral 24 16 Perfumes .. ·· • •• 24 16 Photography 16, 17 Pigments and 9, 10 Hair Manufactures.. • ·· 10 Hats.. Celluloid Clays Carbolic Acid Coal-tar Products Cocoa ·· 10 Ice, Artificial 10 Indiarubber Manu- 10 factures II Ink 11 Jute Manufactures II Knitted Fabrics II, 12 Hosiery 12 Lace .. Leather 17 Pottery 24, 25 Paint 25 17 Printing and Engrav- 17 ing 17 Resinous and Gummy 25, 26 26 18 Substances 26, 27 18 Rope 27 18 Salt 18 Silk .. 27, 28 28 Skins 28 18, 19 .. 19 Soap, Railway Grease and Glycerine 28, 29 19 Spices Starch 19 Sugar 19 Tannin 29 29 • 29, 30, 31 31, 32 19, 20 Tea 32 32 32 20, 21 Wool and Woollen 21 .. Manufactures 32, 33 12, 13 Linen Manufactures 20 Timber Coffee Cork.. .. Cotton Manufac- tures Drugs Printing Dyeing and Calico Matches 13 Manures 13, 14 Mordants 20 Varnish } PUBLISHED BY E. & F. N. SPON, LTD. 27 } } SECOND EDITION, Crown 8vo, cloth, with illustrations, 5s. • WORKSHOP RECEIPTS. Alloys Bleaching Bookbinding Bronzing FIRST SERIES. SYNOPSIS OF CONTENTS. Candle-making Cements and Lutes Cleansing Crayons Drawings Dyeing Electro-plating Engraving Graining Gunpowder Iron & Steel Tem- pering Lathing and Plas- tering Marble Working Painting Paper Paper-hanging Papier-Mâché Pavements Photography į 1 2 } Etching Explosives Plating Fireworks Polishing Fluxes Fulminates Glass Pottery Recovering Waste Metal 28 CATALOGUE OF SCIENTIFIC BOOKS • Crown 8vo, cloth, 485 pages, with illustrations, 55. WORKSHOP RECEIPTS, SECOND SERIES, SYNOPSIS Of Contents. Acidimetry and Alkali- Disinfectants. metry. Albumen. Iodoform. Dyeing, Staining, and Isinglass. Alcohol. Alkaloids. Baking-powders. Bitters. Bleaching. Colouring. Essences. Extracts. Fireproofing. Ivory substitutes. Leather. Luminous bodies. Magnesia. Gelatine, Glue, and Size. Matches. Paper. Parchment. Glycerine. Boiler Incrustations. Gut. Cements and Lutes. Hydrogen peroxide. Perchloric acid. Cleansing. Ink. Potassium oxalate.' Confectionery. Iodine. Preserving. C ! Copying. Pigments, Paint, and Painting: embracing the preparation of Pigments, including alumina lakes, blacks (animal, bone, Frankfort, ivory, lamp, sight, soot), blues (antimony, Antwerp, cobalt, cæruleum, Egyptian, manganate, Paris, Péligot, Prussian, smalt, ultramarine), browns (bistre, hinau, sepia, sienna, umber, Vandyke), greens (baryta, Brighton, Brunswick, chrome, cobalt, Douglas, emerald, manganese, mitis, mountain, Prussian, sap, Scheele's, Schweinfurth, titanium, verdigris, zinc), reds (Brazilwood lake, carminated lake, carmine, Cassius purple, cobalt pink, cochineal lake, colco- thar, Indian red, madder lake, red chalk, red lead, vermilion), whites (alum, baryta, Chinese, lead sulphate, white lead-by American, Dutch, French, German, Kremnitz, and Pattinson processes, precautions in making, and composition of commercial samples-whiting, Wilkinson's white, zinc white), yellows (chrome, gamboge, Naples, orpiment, realgar, yellow lakes); Paint (vehicles, testing oils, driers, grinding, storing, applying, priming, drying, filling, coats, brushes, surface, water-colours, removing smell, discoloration miscellaneous paints-cement paint for carton-pierre, copper paint, gold paint, iron paint, lime paints, silicated paints, steatite paint, transparent paints, tungsten paints, window paint, zinc paints); Painting (general instructions, proportions of ingredients, measuring paint work; carriage painting-priming paint, best putty, finishing colour, cause of cracking, mixing the paints, oils, driers, and colours, varnishing, importance of washing vehicles, re-varnishing, how to dry paint; woodwork painting). 1 PUBLISHED BY E. & F. N. SPON, LTD. 29 Crown 8vo, cloth, 480 pages, with 183 illustrations, 5s. WORKSHOP RECEIPTS, THIRD SERIES. Uniform with the First and Second Series. SYNOPSIS OF CONTENts. Alloys. Aluminium. Iridium. Rubidium. Antimony. Barium. Iron and Steel. Lacquers and Lacquering. Lanthanum. Ruthenium, Selenium. Silver. Beryllium. Lead. Slag. Bismuth. Lithium. Sodium. Cadmium. Lubricants. Strontium. Cæsium. Magnesium. Tantalum. Calcium. Manganese. Terbium. Cerium. Mercury. Thallium.. Chromium. Mica. Thorium. Cobalt. Molybdenum. Tin. Copper. Nickel. Didymium. Niobium. Enamels and Glazes. Osmium. Erbium. Palladium. Gallium. Platinum. Titanium. Tungsten. Uranium. Vanadium. Yttrium. 7 Glass. Potassium. Gold. Rhodium. Zinc. Zirconium. Indium. Electrics.-Alarms, Bells, Batteries. Carbons, Coils, Dynamos, Micro- phones, Measuring, Phonographs, Telephones, &c., 130 pp., 112 illustrations. 1 30 CATALOGUE OF SCIENTIFIC BOOKS { WORKSHOP RECEIPTS, FOURTH SERIES, DEVOTED MAINLY TO HANDICRAFTS & MECHANICAL SUBJECTS. 250 Illustrations, with Complete Index, and a General Index to the Four Series, 58. $ Waterproofing-rubber goods, cuprammonium processes, miscellaneous preparations. Packing and Storing articles of delicate odour or colour, or a deliquescent character, liable to ignition, apt to suffer from insects or damp, or easily broken. Embalming and Preserving anatomical specimens. Leather Polishes. Cooling Air and Water, producing low temperatures, making ice, cooling syrups and solutions, and separating salts from liquors by refrigeration. Pumps and Siphons, embracing every useful contrivance for raising and supplying water on a moderate scale, and moving corrosive, tenacious, and other liquids. Desiccating-air- and water-ovens, and other appliances for drying natural and artificial products. Distilling-water, tinctures, extracts, pharmaceutical preparations, essences, perfumes, and alcoholic liquids. Emulsifying as required by pharmacists and photographers. Evaporating-saline and other solutions, and liquids demanding special precautions. Filtering-water, and solutions of various kinds. Percolating and Macerating. Electrotyping. Stereotyping by both plaster and paper processes. Bookbinding in all its details. Straw Plaiting and the fabrication of baskets, matting, etc. Musical Instruments-the preservation, tuning, and repair of pianos, harmoniums, musical boxes, etc. Clock and Watch Mending-adapted for intelligent amateurs. Photography-recent development in rapid processes, handy apparatus, numerous recipes for sensitizing and developing solutions, and applica- tions to modern illustrative purposes. י, PUBLISHED BY E. & F. N. SPON, LTD. 31 Crown 8vo, cloth, with 373 illustrations, price 5s. WORKSHOP RECEIPTS, FIFTH SERIES. Containing many new Articles, as well as additions to Articles included in the previous Series, as follows, viz. :— Anemometers. Barometers, How to make. Boat Building. Camera Lucida, How to use. Cements and Lutes. Cooling. Copying. Corrosion and Protection of Metal Surfaces. Dendrometer, How to use. Desiccating. Diamond Cutting and Polishing. Elec- trics. New Chemical Batteries, Bells, Commutators, Galvanometers, Cost of Electric Lighting, Microphones, Simple Motors, Phonogram and Graphophone, Registering Appa- ratus, Regulators, Electric Welding and Apparatus, Transformers. Evaporating. Explosives. Filtering. Fireproofing, Buildings, Textile Fa- brics. Fire-extinguishing Compounds and Apparatus. Glass Manipulating. Drilling, Cut- ting, Breaking, Etching, Frosting, Powdering, &c. Glass Manipulations for Laboratory Apparatus. Labels. Lacquers. Illuminating Agents. Inks. Writing, Copying, Invisible, Marking, Stamping. Magic Lanterns, their management and preparation of slides. Metal Work. Casting Ornamental Metal Work, Copper Welding Enamels for Iron and other Metals, Gold Beating, Smiths' Work. Modelling and Plaster Casting. Netting. Packing and Storing. Acids, &c. Percolation. Preserving Books. Preserving Food, Plants, &c. Pumps and Syphons for various liquids. Repairing Books. Rope Tackle. Stereotyping. Taps, Various. Tobacco Pipe Manufacture. Tying and Splicing Ropes. Velocipedes, Repairing. Walking Sticks. Waterproofing. + 1 1 . 32 CATALOGUE OF SCIENTIFIC BOOKS. In demy 8vo, cloth, 600 pages and 1420 illustrations, 68. FIFTH EDITION. SPONS' MECHANICS' OWN BOOK; A MANUAL FOR HANDICRAFTSMEN AND AMATEURS. CONTENTS. Mechanical Drawing-Casting and Founding in Iron, Brass, Bronze, and other Alloys-Forging and Finishing Iron-Sheetmetal Working -Soldering, Brazing, and Burning-Carpentry and Joinery, embracing descriptions of some 400 Woods, over 200 Illustrations of Tools and their uses, Explanations (with Diagrams) of 116 joints and hinges, and Details of Construction of Workshop appliances, rough furniture, Garden and Yard Erections, and House Building-Cabinet-Making and Veneering-Carving and Fretcutting-Upholstery - Painting, Graining, and Marbling — Staining Furniture, Woods, Floors, and Fittings-Gilding, dead and bright, on various grounds-Polishing Marble, Metals, and Wood-Varnishing-Mechanical movements, illustrating contrivances for transmitting motion-Turning in Wood and Metals-Masonry, embracing Stonework, Brickwork, Terracotta and Concrete-Roofing with Thatch, Tiles, Slates, Felt, Zinc, &c.— Glazing with and without putty, and lead glazing-Plastering and Whitewashing-Paper-hanging-Gas-fitting-Bell-hanging, ordinary and electric Systems - Lighting-Warming-Ventilating - Roads, Pavements, and Bridges - Hedges, Ditches, and Drains-Water Supply and Sanitation-Hints on House Construction suited to new countries. London: E. & F. N. SPON, Ltd., 125 Strand. New York: SPON & CHAMBERLAIN. LONDON: PRINTED BY WILLIAM CLOWES and SONS, LIMITED, STAMFORD STREET AND CHARING CROSS. TAX 25 १ 37 CHRONOLOGY OF INLAND NAVIC TRANSPORTATION LIBRARY тс 657 .D44 1897