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Annual Report
of the
Superintendent of Crater Lake National Park,
Oregon,
to the
Secretary of the Interior.
1904.
Washington:
Government Printing Office.
1904.
§ 32.
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REPORT
OF THE
SUPERINTENDENT OF CRATER LAKE NATIONAL
PARK, OREGON.
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR,
CRATER LAKE NATIONAL PARK,
OFFICE OF SUPERINTENDENT,
Alamath Falls, Oreg., September 20, 1904.
SIR: In accordance with your letter of instructions of date of June
25, 1904, directing me to forward to the Department at the earliest
practicable date, not later than October 1, 1904, a report of the condi-
tion of affairs in and the management of Crater Lake National Park
since the fiscal year ended June 30, 1903, to the close of the tourist
season of the present year in the park, and further in compliance with
your instructions by wire of date of September 3, 1904, that I imme-
diately forward the same, I would respectfully submit the following
report:
*. the period of time from the 1st day of July, 1903, to the 14th day
October, 1903, the date of my last annual report, I would respectfully
quote from the said report, it being a correct account of the conditions
in and the management of the affairs of the park for that period of
time, and which reads as follows:
At the beginning of the fiscal year 1904, namely, on the 1st day of July, 1903, the
snow not yet having gone off so work could be commenced on the new road, I con-
tinued the lumber hauling and the improvement of the old road in the vicinity of
Bridge Creek by changing the same for a distance of about one-fourth of a mile, thus
cutting out several short steep hills and a number of very short turns, by building a
new piece of road which is comparatively straight and level. The cost of this piece
of work was $50.75.
On the 16th day of July, 1903, I moved camp to the head of Anna Creek, and on
the 17th began work on the new road to the lake, which was surveyed the previous
November. I began work on the new road by putting one crew of men and one team
to cutting and hauling in suitable timber for the frame of the bridge across Anna
Creek, said bridge being 104 feet long and 30 feet high, and another crew with one
team clearing the roadway of logs, trees, rocks, and brush; meanwhile continued the
lumber hauling with one team. The bridge was completed and about 2 miles of the
new road was constructed, but in this section one bridge 90 feet long is to be built,
and the road should be widened in some places.
This work, with the hauling of lumber to the 8th day of August, 1903, and the
improvement work near Bridge Creek, has cost $550, which exhausts the appropria-
tion available for improvements for the fiscal year of 1904. -
After having discontinued the work on the 20th of August, 1903, by reason of hav-
ing exhausted the funds, I maintained camp at the head of Anna Creek, took care of
the Government property, visited camps of camping parties in the park, prevented
trespasses and violations of the rules, etc., until the 5th day of October, when I moved
3
4 CRATER LAKE NATIONAL PARK, OREGON.
camp to the vicinity of Klamath Falls, since which time I have had, and now have,
a man at the ranch nearest the line patrolling in the park for the protection of the
property and the maintenance of the rules.
The Government property on hand at the date of this report consists of tools and
implements as follows: Plow, Scraper, picks, shovels, mattocks, crowbars, saws, axes,
hammers, grindstone, wedges, etc., cost, $99.55; 12,450 feet bridge lumber, $99.60;
boat and lumber for boathouse, $100; typewriter, $90; blasting powder, $300; one-
half keg bridge spikes, $2.75; total, $691.90.
Total number of permits for driving stock through the park, five. To E. E. Sher-
wood for cattle, whose destination was Klamath Marsh, about 50 miles east of the
park; E. R. Hannon, for cattle, whose destination was Woodriver Valley, about 12
miles South of the park, and Pelton Brothers, for cattle, whose destination was also
Woodriver Valley, about 12 miles south of the park. Al. Melhase was granted one
permit for driving 2,000 sheep through the park to his summer range in the Cascade
Forest Reserve, and one permit for returning them over the park to his winter quar-
ters in Woodriver Valley, about 12 miles south of the park.
The total number of stock transported through the park on the five permits as
stated aggregate 4,000 head and their destination as above stated.
The tourist season this year was from the 10th of July to the 1st of October, although
there have been some visitors in the park since the 1st of October.
Having now given you what I believe to be a true and correct account of the con-
dition of affairs in the park from the 13th day of October, 1902, the day I received
my appointment and instructions, to the date of making this report, the 14th day of
October, 1903, together with the extent and character of improvements made in the
park, as well as the cost of the same, the amount expended for all purposes, the dif-
ferent articles of property on hand at the date of making this report and cost of same,
number of permits issued to transport stock over the park, aggregate number of stock
transported, and the manner in which all the affairs of the park have been conducted,
I will endeavor to comply with your further instructions by submitting a list of the
necessary improvements for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1905.
Proceeding along this line Isubmitted a list of the necessary improve-
ments for the fiscal year 1905, together with the estimated cost of the
same, in the aggregate amounting to $6,695.
After making my annual report on October 14, 1903, I continued to
maintain a patrol in the park for the protection of the property and
the maintenance of the rules until the 18th of November, at which date
the snow became so deep that any kind of travel or existence in the
park was entirely impracticable. **
After having closed the work for the season and having properly
housed the boat and all of the tools for use in the park, I continued to
make occasional trips to and in the vicinity of the park during the
winter months, and to the 1st day of June, 1904, at which time, the
snow being solid enough to walk upon, I made a trip from the south
line to the central portion of the park and found the snow in the park
at that date to be from about 4 feet to 10 or 12 feet deep along the
roads and approximately 15 to 18 feet at the lake and on the higher
lands. -
On the 6th of July, 1904, the snow having so far receded from the
lower lands of the park to admit of approach to my usual first camp-
ing place at Bridge Creek Springs, on the south slope of the mountain,
I proceeded to this point with five men and two teams and camped at
this place and immediately proceeded to the work of the improvement
of the road from the south line of the park to the head of Anna Creek,
which work was continued during the remainder of the month. That
portion of the road is now in good repair and condition. I have also,
under your instructions, made the necessary improvements in the road
at Whitehorse, on the road from western Oregon to Crater Lake.
Since August 15 I have been engaged with eight men and two
teams, in the construction of the new road, which work I am at this
CRATER LAKE NATIONAL PARK, OREGON. 5
time engaged in. Have at this time, September 20, 4 miles of the
new road built, which brings us within 1 mile of the lake.
On this road we have built ten bridges, ranging from 16 to 104 feet
in length, over the several streams coming down from the springs
that rise at the base of the Crater Lake Mountain. Under favorable
circumstances we will reach the lake with the road this fall.
At the beginning of the present season all of the property belonging
to the park, including the tools and implements, the lumber, and the
boat, were found to be in a good state of preservation and ready for
use. I believe this is the first instance where a boat has survived a
winter at Crater Lake, and in this instance the boathouse, all except
the foundation, was swept away, and, so far as I have been able to find,
out of existence, though the boat remained practically uninjured.
There have been no applications for or permits granted for trans-
porting stock over the park during the season; no stock has been
found tresspassing upon the park lands except one small herd of cattle,
which was required to be immediately removed. No stock has been
passed over the reserve excepting such as was necessary for use by
those coming into or passing through the park.
There having been no register provided for the purpose, it would be
impossible to state, only approximately, the number of visitors and
tourists in the park during the season; but I would state approxi-
mately the number to be, to this time, 1,200 to 1,500, or perhaps more.
There are at this time parties arriving daily and camping, while others
are breaking camp and departing. -
The season having been dry, several threatening forest fires have
started, but were discovered and extinguished before any damage had
been done to the timber or grass.
Referring again to my last annual report of October 14, 1903, and the
estimated cost of the necessary improvements for the fiscal year of
1905, and which estimate was in the aggregate $6,695, only $3,000 was
appropriated, which amount was entirely inadequate to a good admin-
istration of the affairs of the park, and entirely insufficient for making
anything like the necessary improvements during one season.
The list of necessary improvements contained only what was really
needed for a creditable administration, and the estimated cost was
reasonable for the work specified.
Many more improvements than were enumerated in that list and
much more money than was estimated could and should be used in
the improvement of the park, but the season for work being short in
this high altitude, I made estimates for only what work could be
º to good advantage during the time in which we would have
to do it. .
The facilities for building first-class roads in these mountains are
good, but with an annual appropriation of only $3,000, and after
deducting salary of superintendent and allowance for horse, leaving
only $1,635 available for improvements, and after the necessary repairs
. made in the spring, only a little new construction work can be
COIlê. +
During this season, after making the necessary repairs on the road
from the south line of the park to the head of Anna Creek at a cost of
$300, and at Whitehorse at a cost of $150, not more than 3 miles of new
road can be built, 2 miles of which are now completed at a cost to this
time of $350, and that will require further work to put it in proper
6 CRATER LAKE NATIONAL PARK, OREGON.
condition, and this being the only new improvement made during the
year, and notwithstanding a goodly amount of work has been done
for the amount of money expended at this rate, a proper development
and improvement of the park will be slow indeed.
Following your directions in letter of June 25, 1904, to make an esti-
mate of the amount of the appropriations necessary to be made by
Congress for the protection and improvement of the park for the fiscal
year of 1906, I would submit the following:
First. A suitable residence with office is greatly needed, and is indis-
pensable in the proper administration of the affairs of the park.
The altitude in the camping places in the park, and where it is
necessary for the superintendent to reside, is from 6,000 to over 7,000
feet; the atmosphere is light and cold and storms are frequent, making
it unpleasant and not ... to good health to live in tents, besides
the great inconvenience occasioned in doing the office work and properly
conducting all of the affairs of the park.
A suitable house, including an office, properly built to withstand the
deep snows, would cost $1,200. (Exhibit A in estimate blank No. 1.)
I would also recommend that a suitable barn and stable for the
horses, which are necessary to keep for the work of improving the
park, be built.
Any time after the 1st of September cold rains and snows are liable
to come and frequently do come, rendering it very uncomfortable and
dangerous to horses not properly sheltered.
In behalf of man’s best friend, the horse, I recommend, very ear-
nestly, that means be provided for building a comfortable barn and
stable. For this purpose an outlay of $400 would be necessary
(marked Exhibit B); also a tool house for storing the tools and imple-
ments kept for use in the park during the winter season and at other
times when not in use is needed. Without a place of our own for this
purpose, as we are now situated, I am compelled to find such place as
I can in which to store the implements, which has proved unsafe and
unsatisfactory. During last winter on this account I sustained a
slight loss, and at any time am liable to lose much more.
I would therefore recommend that $100 (Exhibit C) be expended
for the erection of a tool house in the park.
As a suitable and necessary adjunct to the buildings which are abso-
lutely necessary, as above described, and owing to the location which
I think is proper for the Government buildings, a fence for inclosing
a tract of land including the buildings, 30 by 40 rods, would be an
almost indispensable improvement. An outlay of $240 (Exhibit D)
would be required for this purpose.
Referring again to the matter of the repairing and improvement of
the several roads in the park, I would state that all roads of the park
require more or less repairs at the opening of each season, and the dis-
tance from the south line of the park to Anna Creek being 8 miles,
and leading along the canyon and mainly through heavy timber, that
during the winter this piece of road is badly obstructed by fallen trees
and washouts, and in many places the road should be widened and
straightened, and therefore the sum of $400 (Exhibit E) should be
appropriated for this purpose.
The item of $1,500 (Exhibit F) is the estimated cost of making a
change in the road from about 3% miles west of the summit of the moun-
tain in the park to the Anna Creek bridge. The building of this new
CRATER LAKE NATIONAL PARK, OREGON. 7
piece of road, which would shorten the distance about one-half mile,
would place the road upon good ground with easy grades, and would
eliminate from the traveled road the very high hill at the summit of
the mountain, which is on either side one of the steepest and hardest
hills on any road in southern Oregon.
It would also bring the travel to the new and easy road to the lake,
thus obviating the necessity of climbing the very steep, rocky, and
rough mountain on the old road.
This proposed piece of new road is an improvement that is much
needed, and would be of great convenience and benefit to the people
coming into the park and visiting the lake, and in my opinion would
cost, to make a good and creditable road, the amount placed in the
estimate, $1,500.
It should be borne in mind that access to the park and to the lake
proper is had from two directions, viz, from the Southern or Klamath
side and from the western or Rogue River side, over which latter road
all the tourists and visitors from all of the western and northern parts
of the State would pass, and in order for the travel approaching from
the western or Rogue River side or direction to get the benefit of the
new road now in process of construction from Anna Creek bridge to
the rim of the crater it would be necessary to expend the amount
mentioned (Exhibit F); otherwise, the people from the western side
would receive no benefit, as without it they would be compelled to
cross over the high, steep mountain to the new road or still travel the
old and almost impassable road up the mountain to the lake as hereto-
fore.
As has been before mentioned in the report, under favorable cir-
cumstances we may be able to reach the rim of the crater with the new
road now in course of construction, but this would by no means com-
plete the road.
For the benefit of the work, we have only partially completed the
road in many places, doing only what work was necessary, so as to
pass over with our teams to the work farther on, a considerable
amount of work being necessary along much of the road in widening,
grading, and smoothing, etc., to put it in first-class condition. Eight
hundred dollars (Exhibit G) would be necessary for this work during
the fiscal year of 1906.
On the road between Whitehorse and the crater is a piece of road
extending a distance of about 60 rods, at the base of the summit ridge,
that passes over ground that is wet and in places boggy, made so by
springs rising at the base of this mountain and along the road, and
which it is impossible to avoid by changing the road, and which is
much in need of improving by cutting a deep ditch above and in sev-
eral places across the road and by making small bridges or culverts
over such drains. This is a very bad piece of road and should be
repaired. It would cost $250 (Exhibit H) to do the necessary amount
of work at this place. -
As has been described in my last annual report, the banks inside
the crater are very precipitous, and there being but one place from
which the water is accessible, and the trail leading from the summit to
the water’s edge being very steep and crooked and in many places
dangerous (so much so that it is only the stronger individuals who are
able to make the descent and ascent), and as a trip down into the crater to
the water is one of the chief attractions, it is urgently necessary that
8 CRATER LAKE NATIONAL PARK, OREGON.
better facilities for making this trip be provided. The stretching of a
small cable along the side of the trail, in connection with widening
out, straightening, cutting steps, and the general improvements sug-
gested, would be of very great assistance in making the trip down and
up the bluff, and very materially lessen the danger. Therefore, the
amount of $500 (Exhibit I) is placed in the estimate as the amount
which will be necessary for making this much needed improvement.
Eight or 10 rods below the rim of the crater is a promontory of rock
called Victor Rock, where nearly every visitor goes for a good view
of the lake and the surrounding country; at the summit of this rock,
where many people congregate, it is rough and uneven and in some
places slopes toward the lake; below, it is vertical, in fact hangs over
for almost 1,000 feet above the water. It being one of the most
prominent points on the lake rim, and there being danger of accident
and even loss of life owing to the character of this rock, I would
earnestly recommend that $150 (Exhibit J) be expended in placing
a strong iron railing along the outer edge of this rock. The above-
described improvement would be a great protection at this, the most
prominent and perhaps the most dangerous point on the rim of the
Crater. -
The conditions existing necessitating assistance in patrolling the
park remain exactly as at the time of making my last annual report,
and are set forth in the following language:
Owing to the fact that during the summer months the entire time of the super-
intendent is required in superintending the improvements and other affairs of the
park, as there is danger at any time of destructive fires breaking out—and these fires
do start every summer—and as there is more or less of trespassing in stock grazing
upon the park lands, and as it is very difficult, almost impossible, to restrain some
people from cutting green timber in the park, it is deemed absolutely necessary that
there should be at least two patrolmen in the park from the 15th of June to the 15th
of October, 1905, to attend to those matters above specified. Sixty dollars per
month each would be reasonable compensation for such services. I have therefore
placed in the list of estimates, as a necessary expenditure (Exhibit K), an item of
$480 for this purpose.
Also, as there was no appropriation made available for the present
year, as has been stated in this report, for providing any means by
which it may be ascertained how many people visit the park during
the season, or in any given period, and as no means for this purpose
has been provided, and as it is desirable that the number of people
visiting the park during each season be as nearly as practicable known,
I would recommend that registers with necessary supplies, such as pens,
ink, blotters, desk, etc., be provided, and that on the rim of the crater,
near Victor Rock, a small, strong house be built in which to keep a
register and desk and the necessary supplies, and have placed in the
estimate (Exhibit L) for this necessary improvement an item of $150.
For building bridges on new roads in the park there will be needed
12,000 feet of bridge lumber, which will cost, together with transpor-
tation for same a distance of 20 miles, $208 (Exhibit M). For the said
bridges there will be needed spikes, bolts, nails, and other hardware
to the amount of $75 (Exhibit N). º
The tools and implements now on hand having been used two seasons,
and being partly, and a good many almost wholly, and some entirely
worn out, new tools for another season's work will have to be pur-
chased. The estimated cost on this account is $100 (Exhibit O).
CRATER LAKE NATIONAL PARK, OREGON. 9
The salary of your superintendent is $1,000 (Exhibit P), and the
allowance of $1 per day for keeping an additional horse amounts to
$365 (Exhibit Q), which, together with the foregoing exhibits for
necessary improvements, amounts in the aggregate to $7,918.
Having personally superintended each and every item of work and
improvement of every kind, and also having personally conducted all
of the affairs pertaining in any way to the parks, and seeing plainly
the utter impossibility of making the necessary improvements with
the small appropriations that have been made for this and the previous
years, and being well acquainted with all of the conditions existing
in every locality of the park, and believing that each and every item
contained in the estimate for necessary improvements for the fiscal
year of 1906 are necessary to only a moderate development of the
park, and if made would add very materially, not only to the attract-
iveness and convenience of the reserve as a resort and pleasure ground,
but would be of inestimable benefit in managing, improving, and pro-
tecting the park, I therefore earnestly recommend that the sum of
$7,918 be appropriated for the management, improvement, and pro-
tection of the Crater Lake National Park during the fiscal year of 1906.
Respectfully submitted.
W. F. ARANT,
Superintendent Crater Lake National Park.
The SECRETARY OF THE INTERIOR,
|Washington, D. C.
SUPPLEMENTAL.
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR,
CRATER LAKE NATIONAL PARK,
OFFICE OF SUPERINTENDENT,
AClamath Falls, Oreg., September 22, 1904.
SIR: Referring again to Exhibit A and Exhibit B in estimate sheet
No. 1, relative to the necessity of building a house and barn in the
park, and in proof of such necessity I deem it proper to say, as a sup-
plemental report, that while preparing the inclosed report there has
been for the past forty-eight hours, and is at the present time, a
heavy, cold rain mixed with snow falling, and accompanied by strong
south wind, making it most disagreeable living in tents, and also mak-
ing it desperately uncomfortable for the horses and teams kept for the
work in the park, to say nothing of the danger of their contracting
pneumonia or other disease caused by the great exposure to the storm
and cold.
I can not refrain from again saying that I not only recommend, but
I earnestly urge upon Congress the great importance of making suffi-
cient appropriation to provide against this unreasonable condition.
Very respectfully,
W. F. ARANT, Superintendent.
The SECRETARY OF THE INTERIOR,
Washington, D. C.
•
10 CRATER LAKE NATIONAL PARK, OREGON.
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CRATER LAKE NATIONAL PARK, OREGON 11
ESTIMATES OF APPROPRIATIONS REQUIRED FOR THE SERVICE of THE FISCAL YEAR END-
ING JUNE 30, 1906, BY THE SUPERINTENDENT OF CRATER LAKE NATIONAL PARK.

Estimated
amount which
will be
Detailed objects of expenditure and explanations. required for
each detailed
object of
expenditure.
Residence with office in park (Exhibit A)-...-......................................... $1,200
Barn and stable in park (Exhibit B).-----------------------------...................... 400
Tool house in park º O) ------------------- , is sº * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *s as * * 100
Fence inclosing buildings (Exhibit D) ................................................. 240
iºn of road from south line to head of Anna Creek; general repairs (Ex-
1910 tº ) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -, - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 400
Change of road from Whitehorse to new road now being built (Exhibit F)............ 1,500
Completion of road now in course of construction (Exhibit G).................... . . . . . 800
Improvement of Swampy road at Whitehorse (Exhibit H) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 250
Improvement of trail inside of crater (Exhibit I). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .-------------- 500
Iron railing on Victor rock (Exhibit J)................................................. 150
For two patrolmen in park (Exhibit K)................................................ 480
Register and supplies and house for same (Exhibit L) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150
Lumber and transportation for same (Exhibit M) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............. -- . . . . . . . . . 208
Spikes, bolts, and other hardware for bridges (Exhibit N) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
Purchase of tools for 1906 (Exhibit O) .......... . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........................... 100
Salary of Superintendent (Exhibit P) ----------------------------------................. 1,000
Allowance for keeping additional horse (Exhibit Q). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 365
Total ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7,918
RULES AND REGULATIONS OF THE CRATER LAKE NATIONAL PARK.
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR,
Washington, D. C., August 27, 1902.
1. By act of Congress approved May 22, 1902, the tract of land bounded north by
the parallel forty-three degrees four minutes north latitude, south by forty-two
degrees forty-eight minutes north latitude, east by the meridian one hundred and
twenty-two degrees west longitude, and west by the meridian one hundred and
twenty-two degrees sixteen minutes west longitude, having an area of two hundred
and forty-nine Square miles, in the State of Oregon, and including Crater Lake, has
been reserved and withdrawn from settlement, occupancy, or sale under the laws of
the United States, and dedicated and set apart forever as a public park or pleasure
ground for the benefit of the people of the United States, to be known as Crater Lake
National Park.
2. The park by said act is placed under the exclusive control of the Secretary of
the Interior, and these rules and regulations are made and published in pursuance of
the duty imposed on him in regard thereto.
3. It is forbidden to injure, or destroy in any manner, any of the natural curiosi-
ties or wonders within the park, or to disturb the mineral deposits in the reservation,
except under the conditions prescribed in paragraph 12 of these regulations.
4. It is forbidden to cut or injure any timber growing within the park except for
use in the construction of places of entertainment and in connection with the working
of located mining claims. Camping parties and others on the reservation will be
allowed the useof dead or fallen timber for fuel, in the discretion of the superintendent.
5. Fires shall be lighted only when necessary, and completely extinguished when
not longer required. The utmost care must be exercised at all times to avoid setting
fire to the timber and grass.
6. Hunting or killing, wounding or capturing, any bird or wild animal on the park
lands, except dangerous animals when necessary to prevent them from destroying
life or inflicting an injury, is prohibited. The outfits, including guns, traps, teams,
horses, or means of transportation used by persons engaged in hunting, killing,
trapping, ensnaring, or capturing such birds or wild animals, or in possession of game
killed on the park lands under other circumstances than prescribed above, will be
taken up by the superintendent and held subject to order of the Secretary of the
Interior, except in cases where it is shown by satisfactory evidence that the outfit is
not the property of the person or persons violating this regulation, and the actual
owner thereof was not a party to such violation. Firearms will only be permitted
in the park on written permission from the superintendent thereof.
©;
&º
12 CRATER LAKE NATIONAL PARK, OREGON.
s:
:iº
7. Fishing with nets, seines, traps, or by the use of drugs or explosives, or in any
other way than with hook and line is prohibited. Fishing for purposes of merchan-
dise or profit is forbidden. Fishing may be prohibited by order of the superintend-
ent of the park in any of the waters of the park, or limited therein to any specified
season of the year, until otherwise ordered by the Secretary of the Interior.
8. No person will be permitted to reside in or to engage in any business in the
park without permission, in writing, from the Secretary of the Interior. The super-
intendent may grant authority to competent persons to act as guides, and revoke the
same in his discretion, and no pack train shall be allowed in the park unless in charge
of a duly registered guide. -
9. The herding or grazing of loose stock or cattle of any kind on the Government
lands in the park, as well as the driving of such stock or cattle over the same, is
strictly forbidden, except in such cases where authority therefor is granted by the
superintendent.
10. The sale or use of intoxicating liquors on the Government lands in the park is
strictly forbidden.
11. Private notices or advertisements shall not be posted or displayed on the Gov-
ernment lands within the reservation, except such as may be necessary for the con-
venience and guidance of the public. -
12. The act provides that, under such regulations as the Secretary of the Interior
may prescribe, the reservation shall be open “to the location of mining claims and
the working of the same.” It was not the purpose of this provision to extend the
mining laws to the reservation without limitation, but only to authorize the location
and working of mining claims thereon, under regulations to be prescribed by the
Secretary of the Interior, and in such manner as not to interfere with or prejudicially
affect the general purpose for which the reservation was established. It is therefore
prescribed:
(a) That persons desiring to locate mining claims within the reservation shall
enroll their names and addresses with the superintendent of the reservation, and
shall file with such superintendent a description, in writing, of the land desired to
be located. They shall also file with the superintendent evidence that they are sev-
erally qualified to make locations under the mining laws, and before entering upon
the reservation for such purpose they must obtain from the Secretary of the Interior,
through the superintendent, a written permit to do so. Such permit will be issued
only upon condition that the applicant or applicants therefor, while upon the reser-
vation, will not destroy or damage any game, fish, timber, or natural object therein,
and will strictly observe and comply with the requirements of the law and these
regulations.
(b) Lands in the reservation upon which valuable deposits of mineral shall have
been or may be found may be located under the mining laws by any person or per-
sons duly qualified and holding a permit such as is described in the preceding para-
graph, and such person or persons, his or their successor or successors in interest,
may work the claim or claims so located; but in carrying on the work he or they
shall in all respects observe and comply with the provisions of the statutes creating
the reservation and with these regulations: Provided, That such person or persons
may, as the proper working of such mining claim or claims shall require, be permitted
to use, for mining purposes, such timber or stone found upon the land located as in
the judgment of the superintendent may be so used without injury or damage to the
reservation “as a public park or pleasure ground:” And provided further, That within
thirty days after the location of any mining claim upon the reservation, and before
development work thereon shall be commenced, a copy of the notice of location shall
be filed with the superintendent, together with proof satisfactory showing that dis-
covery of a valuable mineral deposit has been made within the limits of the location,
and, if it be a placer location, that every ten-acre tract embraced therein has been
found to contain valuable deposits of mineral.
(c) The statute does not authorize the purchase of, or the acquisition of, the legal title
to lands located as mining claims within the reservation. The rights of the locator
or locators therefore will be at all times subject to forfeiture upon breach of any of
the conditions mentioned in the permit herein provided for, or upon refusal or failure
to comply with any of the provisions of the statute or of these regulations.
(d) Upon breach of any such conditions, or upon refusal or failure to comply in all
respects with the provisions of the statute and of these regulations, or where locators
of mining claims do not appear to be acting in good faith, or who after location do
not work their claims in such manner as to show good faith in the assertion thereof,
the superintendent will revoke their permits, forthwith remove them from the reser-
vation, and report the facts to the Secretary of the Interior.
CRATER LAKE NATIONAL PARK, OREGON. 13
13. Persons who render themselves obnoxious by disorderly conduct or bad
behavior, or who may violate any of the foregoing rules, may be summarily removed
from the park and will not be allowed to return without permission, in writing, from
the Secretary of the Interior or the superintendent of the park.
14. The superintendent designated by the Secretary is hereby authorized and
directed to remove all trespassers from the park and enforce these rules and regula-
tions and all the provisions of the act of Congress aforesaid.
THos. RYAN,
Acting Secretary of the Interior.
REGULATIONS GoverNING THE IMPOUNDING AND DISPOSITION OF LOOSE LIVE STOCK
FounD IN THE CRATER LAKE NATIONAL PARK.
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR,
Washington, D. C., August 27, 1902.
Horses, cattle, or other domestic live stock running at large or being herded or
grazed on the Government lands in the Crater Lake National Park without authority
from the superintendent of the park will be taken up and impounded by the super-
intendent, who will at once give notice thereof to the owner, if known. If the owner
is not known, notices of such impounding, giving a description of the animal or ani-
mals, with the brands thereon, will be posted in six public places inside the park
and in two public places outside the park. Any owner of an animal thus impounded
may, at any time before the sale thereof, reclaim the same upon proving ownership
and paying the cost of notice and all expenses incident to the taking up and deten-
tion of such animal, including the cost of feeding and caring for the same. If any
animal thus impounded shall not be reclaimed within thirty days from notice to the
owner or from the date of posting notices, it shall be sold at public auction at such
time and place as may be fixed by the superintendent, after ten days' notice, to be
given by posting notices in six public places in the park and two public places out-
side the park and by mailing to the owner, if known, a copy thereof.
All money received from the sale of such animals and remaining after the payment
of all expenses incident to the taking up, impounding, and selling thereof shall be
carefully retained by the superintendent in a separate fund for a period of six months,
during which time the net proceeds from the sale of any animal may be claimed by
and paid to the owner upon the presentation of satisfactory proof of ownership; and
if not so claimed within six months from the date of sale such proceeds shall be
turned into the Crater Lake National Park fund.
The superintendent shall keep a record in which shall be set down a description
of all animals impounded, giving the brands found on them, the date and locality of
the taking up, the date of all notices and manner in which they were given, the date
of sale, the name and address of the purchaser, the amount for which each animal
was sold and the cost incurred in connection therewith, and the disposition of the
roceeds.
p The superintendent will, in each instance, make every reasonable effort to ascer-
tain the owner of animals impounded and to give actual notice thereof to such
OWIler.
THos. RYAN, Acting Secretary.
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REPORT
OF THE
SUPERINTENDENT OF CRATER LAKE
NATIONAL PARK, OREGON
SECRETARY OF THE INTERIOR
FOR
THE YEAR ENDED JUNE 3O, 1905.
WASHINGTON :
G O V E R N M E N T P R IN T IN G O FF I C E ,
I 9 O 5.
CONTENTS.
Instructions to submit report and estimates for improvements, 1907 - - - - - - - - - - 5
Continued work on road to crater- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 5
Active working season, park closed.---------------------------------- - - - - - 5
Maintained patrol in park------------------------------------------------- 5
Resumed work on, and completed road to crater. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 5
Began work on road, Whitehorse-Anna Creek. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 6
Purchased surveyors’ instruments for use in park. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 6
Purchased materials for office and residence- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 6
Implements found in fair state of preservation. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 6
Tools for road work worn-out - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 6
Season dry and forest fires in park-- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 6
Approximate number of visitors in park; no register. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 7
Estimates for improvements 1906, $7,918; appropriation, $3,000. - - - - - - - - - - - - - 7
Necessity for larger appropriations until improvements are made - - - - - - - - - - - - 7
Should complete unfinished work- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ------ 7
Estimates for improvements, 1907- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 7
Estimates of appropriations for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1907 - - - - - - - - - - 1
1
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l/ 53
REPORT OF THE SUPERINTENDENT OF CRATER LAKE
NATIONAL PARK,
CRATER LAKE NATIONAL PARK,
OFFICE OF SUPERINTENDENT,
Crater Lake, Oreg., October 1, 1905.
SIR: In response to your instructions by letter of June 7, 1905,
directing me to forward to your office at the earliest practicable date,
not later than October 1, 1905, a report of the condition of affairs in
and the management of the Crater Lake National Park since the fiscal
year ended June 30, 1904, to the close of the tourist season of the
present year in the park, and the further instructions by wire of Sep-
tember 30, 1905, to immediately forward such report, I therefore sub-
mit the following: t
For information as to the conditions in and the management of the
affairs of the park, together with the nature and extent of the improve-
ments made therein up to and including September 20, 1904, reference
is had to my last annual report.
From the 20th of September, 1904, road work continued, with a tem-
porary suspension from the 5th to the 10th of October, owing to the
existence of a severe snowstorm that was raging during that time, up
to the 31st day of October, 1904, when the active working season closed.
After discontinuance of the improvement work, the repairing of roads
and bridges, the construction of as much of the 2% miles of projected
new road as practicable, and the housing of the boat for the winter,
the flooring from all of the bridges in the park was taken up. This
latter action was taken to let the snow fall through the bridge frames
to the ground, thereby preventing the bridges from being broken down
by the weight of the snow. All of the tools and implements were col-
lected and hauled to a safe place 14 miles from the park and securely
housed for the winter.
After discontinuing for the season of 1904 the improvement work
in the park, patrol in the reservation was continued until the 20th of
November, at which time the snow became so deep on the mountain
i. that all travel was entirely cut off from any portion of the park
lands.
During the latter winter months, February and March, and contin-
uing through April, May, and June, frequent trips were made to and
as far into the park as was practicable.
On the 1st day of July, 1905, on request of the Department, a post-
office was established in the park, at the head of Anna Creek, the
name of which is Crater Lake. -
On the 1st day of July, 1905, residence in the park for the season
was established, and having been authorized by wire of date of July
1, 1905, to expend $300 in the completion of the road from the head
3)
6 CRATER LAKE N ATIONAL PARK.
of Anna Creek to the rim of the crater, work on the same was com-
menced on the 7th day of July and completed on the 19th of August.
The road as completed is a comfortable one to travel over, being of
easy grade, the steepest of which is 10 per cent, smooth and as straight
as it was practicable to make it. There is very little, if any, travel
over the old road to the lake.
Authority was granted by Department letter of July 26, 1905, to
expend the sum of $500 on the construction of the road from White-
horse to Anna Creek bridge, and immediately upon the completion of
the new road above mentioned, work on the road from Whitehorse
was started and has been prosecuted continuously to the present time.
On June 12, 1905, authority was granted to purchase a surveyor’s
compass and a level for laying out and grading the roads in the park,
and accordingly said instruments were purchased, and have been used
to good advantage in the location and grading of the last-mentioned new
road, that from Whitehorse to the Anna Creek bridge, the main por-
tions of the steeper parts of this road being run on a grade which is 12
inches to the rod, only one place being as steep as a 10 per cent grade
or 19.8 inches to the rod, while there are parts of the old road over
the steep summit which this new road eliminates that are from 3 feet
to 3 feet 10 inches to the rod, ascertained by actual measurement.
About 1 mile of this new road has been opened, though not com-
pleted. Having been authorized by Department letter of date of July
26, 1905, to expend the sum of $550, or so much thereof as may be
necessary, in the purchase of lumber, building material, and shingles,
including the hauling of the same, to be used in the construction of an
office and residence building, and to store the same in a safe and suit-
able place during the winter, in accordance with instructions, there
has been purchased for the said office and residence building 22,509
feet of lumber and 16,000 shingles.
At the beginning of the present season all of the property belonging
to the park, consisting of the tools and implements, a small amount of
bridge lumber which was left over from last year, the wagon, and the
boat, were found to be in a reasonably good state of preservation and
in fairly good condition for use, though the boathouse, as during the
preceding winter, was wrecked and the boat slightly, though not mate-
rially, injured.
The tools for road work having now been used three seasons, are
practically worn out: 4 crowbars and 2 sledge hammers are all there
are now of any value.
There have been no applications for permits for transporting loose
stock over the reserve during the season. No stock has been found
trespassing upon the park lands excepting one small flock of sheep,
which was immediately removed,
No stock has been brought in upon the park lands excepting such
as was necessary for use by those coming into or passing through the
ark.
p The season has been one of unusual dryness and a considerable num-
ber of almost uncontrollable forest fires have broken out in the park
during the summer, but by the utmost vigilance and hard work they
have been prevented from doing any considerable damage to the grow-
ing timber. A portion of the time during the latter part of July and
through August, to prevent these fires from spreading to uncontrolla-
ble proportions, it was necessary to fight them during the nighttime
CRATER LA K E N ATIONAL PARK. 7
as well as the day with all the force available. These fires have not
been, as might be supposed, the result of carelessness of campers, but
have been caused by lightning striking the trees and running down the
trunks into the collection of débris at the roots of the same. -
On the afternoon of the 20th of July, by an electrical storm which
passed over the park on that day, there were no less than eight forest
fires started in a period of time not exceeding twenty minutes. How-
ever, there are at this date no fires in the park. Having had, during
the latter part of September, a considerable amount of rain and some
snow, the fires have been completely extinguished.
As there has to this time been no register provided in which visitors
and tourists could register their names, it is impossible to give, only
approximately, the number of visitors to the park during the season,
but from the information I have been able to obtain I should estimate
the number at 1,200 to 1,400 coming into and passing through the
park during the season, and parties of visitors and campers are still
at this time coming and going.
In the last annual report estimates were submitted of the cost of the
necessary improvements for the fiscal year 1906 aggregating $7,918,
but as for the preceding year, only $3,000 was appropriated to cover
the expense of every kind in the administration of the affairs of the
park. This amount, as has been previously reported, is inadequate to
a good administration, and wholly insufficient for making the improve-
ments that should be made during any one year.
It should be borne in mind that the territory embraced within the
boundaries of the Crater Lake National Park, owing to its high and
mountainous character, and its distance from the settled valleys and
the consequent lack of any improvements prior to its being made a
national park, and in view of the very small appropriations which have
been made for its protection and improvement, is still in a very primi-
tive condition, and that if more liberal appropriations were made in
the beginning, to the end that we might be able to make the most abso-
lutely necessary improvements, then smaller appropriations would be
sufficient to make the necessary repairs and maintain a good adminis-
tration of the affairs of the reserve. -
We have, as has been stated in this report, some unfinished improve-
ments that should be carried on to completion, and in order that this
may be done it will be absolutely necessary that a better appropria-
tion should be made for the fiscal year 1907.
Following your instructions in letter of July 7, 1905, and again by
wire of September 30, to immediately forward estimates of the amount
of the appropriations necessary to be made by Congress for the pro-
tection and improvement of the park during the fiscal year 1907, the
following is respectfully submitted, to wit:
First. A suitable residence and office is an imperative necessity in
the proper management of the affairs of the park, and the estimated
cost of such building being $1,200, and authority having been granted
for the expenditure of $550 in the purchase of lumber, building mate-
rial, and shingles, to be used in the construction of an office and resi-
dence in the park, and said materials having been purchased according
to instructions, it will require a further outlay of $650 for the comple-
tion of said building.
The equipments of an office, such as tables, desk, chairs, and other
necessary furniture, will cost $100.
8 CRATER LAKE NATIONAL PARK.
The construction of a suitable barn in the park is an absolute
necessity. At this high altitude, during the months of September and
October, cold and storms are usually frequent and severe, and it is
only reasonable that sufficient protection be given the teams kept for
the work in the reserve.
In this connection, and as indicating the existing conditions, it is
only proper to state that at this time there is and has been continu-
ously for the past forty-eight hours a heavy, cold rain falling. No
provision having been made for sheltering the horses and teams, they
are turned out to shelter as best they can under the trees in the moun-
tains. A suitable barn and stable to obviate this, to say the least,
very uncomfortable condition could be built for $400.
A small tool house for storing the tools kept for use in the park
during the winter and at other times when not in use is greatly
needed. Without a suitable place provided for this purpose as we
are now situated, I am compelled to find a place in which to store the
tools and implements during the winter. In the past this plan has
proved unsafe and unsatisfactory. It is therefore recommended that
$100 be expended for the erection of a tool house in the park.
As a suitable and necessary protection to the buildings which are, as
above stated, an imperative necessity, and owing to the location which
I believe would be proper for the Government buildings, the same
being on the road leading through the park from one section of the
State to another, a fence for inclosing a tract of land, including the
buildings, 30 by 40 rods, would also be an indispensable improvement.
Two hundred and forty dollars would be required for this improvement. .
In regard to the matter of the repairing and improvement of the
several roads in the park, it is proper to state that owing to the fact
that in the spring of each year the roads are found to be washed out
in many places by the rains of winter and spring, and obstructed by
logs, fallen trees, and from other causes in consequence of the heavy
snows and rains, a considerable amount of repairing and improvement
work is found to be necessary at the beginning of each season.
Therefore, for the necessary improvements in the spring for that
portion of road from the south line of the park and along the summit
of the Anna Creek canyon, almost the entire distance through heavy
timber to the head of Anna Creek, a distance of 8 miles, I have inserted
an estimate of $400.
The new road to the lake completed this summer will also require a
considerable amount of repairing at the beginning of next season. To
make these necessary repairs and improvements at the beginning of the
season of 1907 will cost $400.
On the road between Whitehorse and the lake is a piece of road
extending a distance of about 60 rods that passes over ground that
is wet and swampy and in some places boggy. This piece of road is
located at the base of the summit ridge, and its wet and swampy
character is caused by the springs that rise at the base of this same
mountain along and over the road which it is impossible to avoid by
changing the road, and which should be improved by grading up in
the center and cutting ditches and drains and by building small bridges
over them. This is now one of the worst pieces of road in the park
and should be repaired. It will cost $250 to do the necessary amount
of improvement work at this place.
CRATER LAKE NATIONAL PARK. 9
The road from the west line of the park to Whitehorse has not since
the creation of the park had any improvement work done upon it, and
is very much in need of repairs. The road between these two points,
a distance of 2% miles, is washed out in many places, is steep, rough,
and crooked. There should be $400 expended in the proper improve-
ment thereof.
One thousand dollars represents the amount that will be required to
complete the road now under course of construction from Whitehorse
to Anna Creek bridge. The completion of this piece of road is a very
necessary improvement in the roads of the park, as it eliminates both
the very high and steep hill over the summit of the mountain and the
almost impassable old road up the mountain to the lake. It will also
bring all the travel by the new road completed this summer, to the rim
of the crater, and to the point on the road leading through the park,
which I think is the proper location for the Government buildings.
As has been previously stated and described in my annual reports
of October 14, 1903, and September 20, 1904, the banks inside the
crater are very precipitous, the vertical height above the water being
1,000 feet where the trail leads down. This route is the only one by
which the water of the lake is accessible. It leads from the summit
to the water’s edge, is very steep and crooked, and in many places
dangerous, so much so that it is only the stronger individuals who are
able to make the descent and ascent. A trip down into the crater to
the water is one of the chief attractions of a visit to the park, and it
is urgently necessary that better facilities for making this trip be pro-
vided. A considerable amount of work will be required to put this
trail in even fairly good and safe condition. It should be widened out
and straightened, and in many places steps should be cut in the rocks
and hard earth, and a small cable stretched along the trail on the lower
side to make it less dangerous and to assist in climbing down and up
the bluff. It is estimated that $600 will be required to make the much
needed improvement.
Eight or 10 rods below and inside the crater is a promontory of
rock called Victor Rock, where nearly every visitor to the reserve
goes for a good view of the lake and surrounding country. At the
summit of this rock, where a great many people congregate, it is rough
and uneven and in places slopes toward the lake. Below it is verti-
cal—in fact, it hangs over for almost a thousand feet above the water.
This is one of the most prominent, and probably the most frequented
point on the rim of the crater. Owing to the character of this rock,
there is more or less danger of accident, or even loss of life, and it is
earnestly recommended that a strong iron railing be placed along the
outer edge of this rock as a protection against accident to those who
congregate at this dangerous point. One hundred and fifty dollars
will be required to make this much needed improvement.
As stated in previous reports on this subject, there exists great
necessity for assistance in the patroling of the reservation. During
the summer months almost all if not the entire time of the superintend-
ent is required in superintending the improvement work and other .
affairs"of the park. As a precautionary measure against the trespass-,
ing of loose stock upon the park lands, for the prevention of the cut-.
ting of any of the green and growing timber at the camping places or
other portions of the reserve, and to prevent the violation of any of
;
:
*
;
10 CRATER TAKE N ATIONAL PARK.
the rules of the park, and especially for the extingüishment and sup-
pression of forest fires in the reserve, it is of the utmost importance
that at least two patrolmen be provided, whose duty it would be to act
in a similar capacity to that of the forest rangers in the forest reserves,
to maintain a constant patrol in the park from the 1st day of July to
the 31st day of October. Sixty dollars per month would be a reason-
able compensation for such service, and I have therefore placed in the
list of estimates the item of $480 as the amount that will be required
to pay for the services of these greatly needed assistants.
No provision has yet been made by which it may be ascertained how
many people visit the park during the tourist season. As it is desir-
able that the number of people visiting in the reserve be known as
nearly as practicable, I would recommend that registers, with the nec-
essary supplies, such as pens, ink, blotters, desks, etc., be provided
for this purpose, especially near the rim of the crater near Victor Rock,
one of the most frequented places in the park. A small house could
be built in which to keep a register and the necessary supplies for the
sum of $150.
For the building of bridges on new roads, the road now under course
of construction, and repairs on the present existing roads in the park
there will be needed 12,000 feet of bridge lumber, which will cost,
together with transportation for same a distance of 20 miles, $208.
For the said bridges on the several roads in the reserve there will be
needed nails, spikes, bolts, and other hardware to the amount of $75.
The tools and implements purchased for the road work and road
building now on hand, having been used for three seasons, are prac-
tically worn out, and new tools for the next season’s work will have to
be provided. The necessary cost on this account will be $150.
The salary of the superintendent is $1,000, and the allowance for
keeping one horse for use in the park is $365, which, together with
the foregoing estimates for the necessary improvements during the
fiscal year of 1907, amounts in the aggregate to $7,118. º
Having personally superintended each and every item relative to the
protection and improvement of the park, including all improvement
work of every kind, the regulation of all the travel in and through the
reserve, the camping, prevention of hunting or shooting in the reserve,
regulation of fishing in any of the waters of the park, and the observ-
ance of the rules and regulations, and believing that each and every
item contained in the accompanying list of estimates for improvements
for the next fiscal year are actually necessary, and that every improve-
ment enumerated in the list should be made during the season of 1907,
and that, if made, the same would add very materially to the conven-
ience and pleasure of those visiting the park, as well as adding greatly
to the facilities for managing, protecting, and improving the park, I
earnestly recommend the appropriation of the sum of $7,118 for the
management, protection, and improvement of the Crater Lake National
Park during the year 1907.
CRATER LAKE NATIONAL PARK. 11
Estimates of appropriations required for the Crater Lake National Park during the fiscal
gear ending June 30, 1907.
Erection of office and residence in park - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -------------------- $650
Furniture and fixtures for office in park- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 100
Barn and stable in park--------------------------------------------------- 400
Tool house in park-------------------------------------------------------- 100
Fence inclosing buildings ------------------------------------------------- 240
Improvement of road from south line of park to head of Anna Creek, general
repairs----------------------------------------------------------------- 400
General improvements and repairs on the new road to the lake- - - - - - - - - - - - - - 400
Improvement of swampy road at Whitehorse- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 250
Improvement of road from west line of park, general improvement and repairs. 400
Completion of new road from Whitehorse to Anna Creek bridge. -- - - - - - - - - - - 1,000
Improvement of trail inside crater----------------------------------------- 600
Safety railing on Victor Rock---------------------------------------------- 150
For two patrolmen in park------------------------------------------------ 480
Register house, register and necessary supplies for Same- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 150
Lumber for bridges in park --------------------------------------------- . . 208
Necessary hardware for bridges in park - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 75
For new tools for road work ---------------------------------------------- 150
Salary of superintendent of park------------------------------------------- 1,000
Allowance for keeping one horse for use in park- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 365
Total -------------------------------------------------------------- 7. 118
Respectfully submitted.
- W. F. ARANT,
Superintendent Crater Lake AWational Park.
The SECRETARY OF THE INTERIOR.
12 ORATER LAKE NATIONAL PARK.
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Map showing routes to Crater Lake National Park.
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