TENAS
De
IN
SAMUEL GEORGE SMITH.

SCE
ARTES
LIBRARY VERITAS
OF THE
UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN
MUSEUM


F I G U R E S
Of the moſt BeAUTIFUL, USEFUL, and UNCOMMON
P L Α Ν Τ S
DESCRIBED IN THE
GARDENERS DICTIONARY,
EXHIBITED Ο Ν
Three Hundred COPPER PLATES,
Accurately ENGRAVEN after DRAWINGS taken from NATURE.
WITH
The CHARACTERs of their Flowers and Seed - Vessels,
Drawn when they were in their greateſt Perfection.
To which are added,
Their Descriptions, and an Account of the Classes to which they belong,
according to Ray's, Tournefort's, and Linnæus's Method of Claſſing them.
By PHILIP MIL LE R, F. R. S.
MEMBER of the BOTANIC ACADEMY at FLORENCE, and Gardener to the Worſhipful
Company of APOTHECARIES at their Botanic Garden at Chelſea.
In
T W OV O L U M E S.
V O L I.
LONDON:
Printed for the AUTHOR;
And Sold by Joun and FRANCIS RIVINGTON in St. Paul's Church-Yard,
J. WHISTON, J. Hinton, T. LONGMAN, B. WHITE, W. JOHNSTON,
T. CASLON, and J. DODSLEY,
M.DCC.LXXI.

eums
museums
SB
45
.M66
vil

OSIKOT
UIJARAS
Camilleri
To His ExCELLENCY
JOHN Duke of BEDFORD,
Marquis of TAVISTOCK,
Earl of B E D F O R D,
Baron Russel, and Baron Russel of Thornhaugh,
And Baron HOWLAND of Stretham,
Lord Lieutenant and Cuſtos Rotulorum of the County of BeDFORD,
As alſo of Devonshire, and of the City and County of Exeter,
Lord Lieutenant General and General Governor of the
Kingdom of IRELAND,
And Knight of the Moſt Noble Order of the Garter;
This WORK is, with the greateſt Reſpect, Inſcribed,
BY
His EXCELLENCY'S
Moj Obedient Humble Servant,
Philip Miller

SB
45
.M66
Shoot

museus-
Herbarium
13-14-50
US
Τ Η Ε
P R E F A C E.
HE Plan of this work, which was firſt offered to the Public for its kind
Encouragement, was very extenſive: It was therein propoſed to exhibit
the Figures of one or more Species of all the known Genera of Plants.
But, after a few Numbers were publiſhed, the Author was favoured with
ſeveral Letters, in which the Writers repreſented, that the Engraving of the Figures
of ſuch Plants as are neither ornamental or uſeful, would ſwell the Work too much,
and enhance its Price, ſo as to make it too great for the Generality of Purchaſers. Se-
veral Intimations were alſo fent him, that many Perſons, who were inclined to encou-
rage ſo uſeful a Work, forbore their benevolent Intentions, till it drew near to its
Concluſion. The Author, therefore, almoſt from the Beginning, found it neceſſary to
contract his Plan, and confine it to thoſe Plants only, which are either curious in
themſelves, or may be uſeful in Trades, Medicine, &c. including the Figures of ſuch
new Plants as have not been noticed by any former Botaniſts. By this Plan all thoſe
Geneta of Plants, which do not include any Species having one or other of theſe
Properties, are omitted ; ſo that the Number of Plates now included in this work, are
not near ſo many as was at firſt intended.
In the Execution of the Work no Expence has been ſpared to render it as perfect as
poſſible: The Drawings were taken from the living Plants; the Engravings were moſt
of them done under the Author's Inſpection; and the Plates have been carefully colour-
ed from the original Drawings, and compared with the Plants in their Perfection, where-
ever it could be done, as well with regard to the Leaves as Flowers, that ſo Gentle-
men who are leaſt converſant with the Plants deſcribed, ſhould not be drawn into any
Miftake relating to them; and the leſs, as he has taken their Deſcriptions from the
living Plants.
To theſe Figures are added the Characters of the Genus, under which each Plant
is ranged, and an Account of the Claſſes to which they belong, according to
Ray's,

[ vi
Ray's, Tournefori's, and Linnæus's Methods of claſſing them; and alſo the ſeveral Titles
which the different Writers on Botany have given to them, with References to the ſeve-
ral Books wherein they are mentioned.
The Engliſh Names (of thoſe Plants which have any) are ſubjoined to the Latin Titles
for the Benefit of ſuch as are unacquainted with Latin, and to theſe are added the French
Names from Tournefort's Inſtitutions of Botany: And Mention is alſo made of the
Countries from whence the Plants have been brought to England, which will be of
ſome Uſe to thoſe who are inclinable to cultivate them. And where any of the Plants
here figured are of Uſe in Medicine, or for other Purpoſes of Life, the Uſes are here
inſerted, with the Times of their Flowering, and perfecting their Seeds ; So that, al-
though this work was intended for an Appendix to the Gardeners Dictionary, yet it
may be reckoned a complete Performance of itſelf, independent of that.
As ſeveral new Plants have been introduced into the Engliſh Gardens ſince the pre-
ſent Work was begun, the Author, being deſirous of exhibiting their Figures and De-
ſcriptions, was obliged to break through the alphabetical Order which he firſt purſued;
but, as he has added a complete alphabetical Index to the Plants contained in the Work,
he preſumes, that the turning to the Index for any Plant which the Reader may want
to ſee, will not be found troubleſome; and therefore believes, he need make no other
Apology for this, than what has been already done in the Body of the Work.
The Author takes this Opportunity to return his Thanks to all thoſe Gentlemen who
have been ſo kind as to encourage this Work; and hopes, if they ſhould meet with
any
Imperfections in the Performance, they will excuſe them, in one who has uſed his ut-
moſt Care and Diligence to avoid any ſuch in every Part of it.
A DE-


PIT
A
ABIES Pirar foliis Szenioribus.„laucis conis bruneialibus lacri
Published swording to the eldoby Miller Marek

A
D E S C RIP TI Ο Ν
OF THE
FI G U R E S of
of P L A N T S,
Adapted to the Gardeners DICTIONARY.
PL A Α Τ Ε Ι.
T
Aeres, Tourn. Inft. R. H. 585. Lin. Gen. Plant. 880. added, I muſt think it better to abide by the former
Pinus, Lin. Sp. Plant. 1001.
Diſtinctions, than to follow the new Method of ranging
them, as it will be better underſtood by ſuch as are not
The Fir or SPRUCE-TREE.
Adepts in the Science of Botany.
The Species here delineated is,
HE diſtinguiſhing Characters of this Genus, ABIES Piceæ foliis brevioribus, Conis biancialibus laxis, i.e.
from that of Pinus, is in the Leaves of the Fir-Tret, with ſhort Pitch-Tree Leaves, and looſe Cones,
Fir-Tree being produced ſingle on the Branches; Two Inches long, commonly called White Newfoundland
whereas thoſe of the Pine are Two, Three, or Five, Spruce Fir. This is the Sixth Sort mentioned in the
produced from One Center, and covered at their Gardeners Diaionary. There is another Species of this
Baſe with the fame Theca or Sheath. This is the only Tree, which is a Native of the fame Country, which is
Diſtinction which has been made by the Writers on commonly ſtiled Black Newfoundland Spruce; this hath
Botany, between the Two Genera. To which we may ſhorter Leaves
, which are whiter on their under Sides,
add, the Cones of the Fir-Tree are compoſed of flat and the Cones are ſmaller, and more compact, than
Scales, which cover the Cells in which the Seeds are in thoſe of the White. There is alſo another Diſtinction
cloſed, lying imbricatim, like the Tiles on an Houſe; made by the Inhabitants of Newfoundland among theſe
whereas the Cones of the Pines have Protuberances over Firs, which they call the Red Spruce; but I can find ne
the Cells, which, in many of the Species, are very Difference between this and the Black, either in the
much pointed. Fig. a repreſents the Male Flower, or Cones which have been brought to England, or the
Katkin; b the Cones, which are produced at remote Dif young Plants which have been raiſed in the Gardens;
tances from the Katkins, on the fame Branch; c is a therefore I do imagine they are the fame Species.
Seed, wich irs Wing adhering to it.
The Appellations of White and Black, which have
Doctor Linnæus, the celebrated Profeffor of Botany been given to theſe Trees, by the Inhabitants of North
at Upſal in Sweden, has joined the Abies, Pinus, and America, I ſuppoſe, is from the Colour of their Barks ;
Larix, together in the fame Genus; to which, in his for there is little Difference in the Colour of their
Firſt and Second Edition of his Genera Plantarum, he Wood; and the Leaves of the Black Sort are white
gave the Title Abies : Bat, in his Enumeration of the on their under Side than thoſe of the White.
Species of Plants, as alfo in his laſt Edition of his Ge- Both theſe Sorts are Natives of Nortb America; the
nera Plantarum, he has changed the Title to Pinus, and White always is found growing naturally upon the
makes the Diftinction of the Three Genera only a fpe- Mountains, and the Black upon the low Grounds, ge-
cific; lo renders them different Species of the fame nerally in Bugs or Swamps. The Firſt is by much the
Genus. But as theſe have, by all the Writers on Bo- largeſt Tree. There are few of theſe Trees now re-
tany, been ſeparated under different Genera, and as the maining near the Engliſh Settlements in North America;
Growth and Habic of the Plants are fo remarkably dif- but farther up in the Countries, and in Canada, they
ferent, as to be diftinguiſhed by Perſons not ſkilled in are in great Plenty,
Botany, at the Firſt Sight, ſo it will be better to con- The Cones of theſe Trees were fent from Virginia to
tinue each Genus ſeparate, than to join them under the England by Mr. Banijier, towards the End of the laſt
fame Appellation, eſpecially as they are ſo many dif. Century; and ſeveral of the Plants were raiſed in the
ferent Species of each Genus, alteady known, which, Gardens of the Biſhop of London at Fulbam, in thoſe of
by being included under the ſame Title, cannot be fo Mr. Reynardſon at Hilleriden, near Uxbridge, and at Mr.
clearly diftinguiſhed as they may be under their ſeveral Darby's Garden at Hoxton : But theſe were foon de-
Genera: To which may be added, the Firs having cloſe ſtroyed, after the Death of their poffeffors. About the
matted Roots, ſo that they will bear tranſplanting at a fame Time there were Cones of both thefe Sorts brought
greater Age than the Pines
, whoſe Roots generally from Newfoundland to Devonſhire, where there are now
extend in Length; therefore can rarely be taken up fome large Trees growing, which have produced Cones,
with Balls of Earth adhering to them, which renders for Thirty Years paſt; but, except theſe, I believe there
it very hazardous to tranſplant theſe Trees, when grown are few, if any, of theſe Trees now in England, which
to any conſiderable Size. Theſe Differences being are of above Twenty Years Growih. The fineſt which
А
are

[ 2 ]
are in theſe Parts are in the curious Gardens of his There has been a Variety of this Tree cultivated in
Grace the late Duke of Argyle, at Wbitton in Middleſex. the Gardens near London, which is called the long coned
From both theſe sorts of Fir there exſudes a fine clear Corniſh Fir: The Leaves of this are longer, broader,
Reſin, of a ſtrong Scent, which is much uſed by the and of a lighter Colour, and the Branches are better
native Indians to cure Wounds; and they frequently garniſhed with them than moſt of the fame Sort, and
make uſe of it for internal Diſorders; and, of late the Cones are longer; ſo that, from the Appearance of
Years, the Engliſh Phyſicians in North America have the old Trees, any Perſon may be fo deceived as to
adopted it into their Practice. This Refin has been brought fuppoſe them diſtinct Species : But as I have feveral
to England, but has not been uſed in Medicine, unleſs it times fowed the Seeds of this, and have (from thoſe
has been ſubſtituted for ſome other Sort. The Branches which were taken from the fame Cone) had both the
of both Sorts are indifferently uſed by the Inhabitants Varieties produced ; ſo I may poſitively affert, they are
of America, in making Spruce Beer, from whence they only feminal Variations.
had the Title of Spruce-trees.
The Silver Fir is eaſily known by its Yew.like Leaves,
There are but Two Sorts of Firs which have been long which are produced only on Two Sides of the Branches,
known in England; theſe are the Spruce and Silver Firs: being placed flat, like the Teeth of a Comb, and are
The Firſt is ſo called, from its Branches having been white on their under Side. The Cones grow erect on the
uſed in the making of Spruce Beer, in ſeveral Parts of upper Side of the Branches. Theſe fall to pieces, foon
Europe; the other is ſo called, from the Silver Colour after the Seeds are ripe; fo that, if they are not taken
of the under Side of its Leaves. The Firſt of theſe has in time, the Seeds will be loft. They are uſually ripe
been reported to grow naturally on the Highlands of about the End of O&tober. This Sort grows naturally in
Scotland, but, I believe, this is a Miftake; there be- Bavaria, Helvetia, and other mountainous Parts of
ing none of them now growing there, as I have been Germany; but the largeſt and moſt beautiful Trees are
credibly informed : But, upon the Alps, Pyrenees, in upon Mount Olympus: From this Tree is produced the
Norway, Denmark, and Sweden, they abound; always Siraſburg Turpentine ; and the young Branches are put
growing upon the Hills and mountainous Parts of thoſe into Brunſwick Mum; they are alſo frequently ordered
Countries. The Wood of this Sort is the White Deal, in Dier-drinks, for the ſame Purpoſe as thoſe of the
which is annually brought to England in Plenty. From other Sort.
the Reſin of this Tree is made Pitch; from whence it Theſe are the Two Species of Fir which have been
hath been by many Authors titled Pitch-tree. The young uſed in Medicine in England; but, as they are ſo well
Branches of this Tree are frequently uſed in Diet-drinks known in all the Gardens and Plantations, we thought
for the Sourvy.
it would be needleſs to give their Figures, eſpecially as
This Sort is eaſily known from all the other Species they are already in moſt of the Herbals: Therefore we
of the Genus, by its narrow Leaves, which are placed have choſen to exhibit another Species, which is leſs
on every Side the Branches, and the long pendulous known at preſent, as believing it would be more ac-
Cones, which do not fall to pieces on the Tree, but fall ceptable ; and, by this Figure, the Characters of the
off intire the following Summer ; but their Scales open, Genus, and alſo a clear Idea of theſe Trees, are con-
and emit their Seeds, on the firſt Warinth of the Spring. vey'd.
PLA Α.
T
E
II.
F
ABROTANUM, Tourn. Inft. R. H.459. Artemiſia, Lin. The Firſt Sort here figured, is mentioned in the Ca.
Gen. Plant. 779.
talogue of Plants growing in the Royal Garden at Paris,
where there is only the Name, without any Deſcription ;
SOUTHERNWOOD.
nor has it as yet been figured or deſcribed in any Botanic
Book. This approaches near to the common Southern-
IG. 1. ABROTANUM humile corymbis majoribus aureis, wood, which is cultivated in Gardens, and has, by fome
H. R. Par. i. e. Dwarf Southernwood, with larger Botaniſts, been ſuppoſed the fame. But this is a very
Golden Flowers.
humble Plant, never riling to a Stem, the Branches
'being produced near the Root, which always ſpread
Fig. 2. ABROTANUM campeſtre incanum Carline odore, near the Ground; the old Branches generally decay
C. B. P. i. e. Hoary-field Southernwood, ſmelling like ing in Winter, and young ones are annually produced,
the Carline Thiſtle.
which ſupply their Place. The Flowers are much
larger, and of a deep yellow Colour, and theſe are every
a, repreſents an under Branch of Leaves; b, the Flower- Year produced in Auguſt; whereas the common Sort
ftem, which is generally deſtitute of Leaves toward ſeldom flowers in Eugland; for although the Spikes of
the Top; c, a compound Flower, having ſeveral Flowers are frequently formed, yet it is ſo late in the
Florets included in One common Empalement ; d, Autumn before the Flower buds appear, that the Sea-
One of the Florets fitting upon the Embryo, which fons are ſeldom favourable enough for them to open.
is afterwards the Seed.
The Leaves of this Sort have very little Smell, ſo that
it may be eaſily diſtinguiſhed from the common Sort;
The diſtinguiſhing Characters of this Genus agree with and theſe Differences continue in the Plants which are
thoſe of the Wormwood and Mugwort; ſo that each has raiſed from Seeds; ſo that it is not a feminal Variety, as
been ſeparated from the Habit of their Growth, by hath been ſuppoſed.
moſt Botaniſts; but Doctor Linnæus has brought them I received the Seeds of this Plant from Iſtria, which
all under the Genus of Artemiſia or Mugwort; but as have grown at Chelſea; but, I ſuppoſe, it may grow in
there are a great Number of Species of Southernwood ſeveral other Countries. It was brought firſt to Eng -
and Wormwood, and theſe Names having been long in land by Doctor William Sherard, from the Garden at
the Diſpenſaries, and ſo well known in Medicine, it Paris, about the Year 1720. The common Southern-
is better to abide by the former Diſtinctions, and keep wood has been many Years an Inhabitant in the Engliſh
them under their old Genera, than to join them toge- Gardens, where it is chiefly cultivated for its agreeable
ther, which may hereafter occaſion Confufion in the Scent. This grows naturally on the Mountains of Cap-
Knowledge of medicinal Plants.
padocia, Syria, and other Eaſtern Countries; and be-
ing

PL
.
الر
AAROTANUN humile , Corymbis majoribus aureis, HRA
ABROT ANUN campestre incanum, carlina odore.C.38.A



PIL
E
A
fig1
fig.2.
ABUTILON
fruteſcens lanuginofum folio fubrotundo
flore amptoʻlutéo patulo. calyće fimplici Hoult.
Published ewending' is the Adobe 2. Miller March 15,
ABUTILON Ribefü foliis flore
carneo. fructu pentágono afpéro
. Hoult.
J. Myndefauly
G.D.Ehret punert.

[3]
ing ſo well known in this Country, we imagine the Co. whereas the common wild Sort hath trailing Branches,
rious will be better entertained with the Figure here which ſeldom continue longer than Two Years, and the
given, eſpecially as the Characters of the Genus are Flowers generally hang downward; but theſe have erect
more obvious in this Species than in the common Sort. Spikes, and the whole Plant hath a much ſtronger
The Second Sort grows naturally in Auſtria and Spain, Scent, and is hoary; and theſe Differences continue in
from both which Countries I have received the Seeds. the Plants which are raiſed from Seeds: So it muſt be
This approaches near to the common Field Soutbern- deemed a different Species.
wood, which grows wild at Elden in Suffolk, and in the In our common Field Wormwood there are Two Va-
Road to Lynn, on the Borders of the Corn-Fields: So rities; one with a red, and the other a green Stalk,
that Doctor Tournefort, and ſome other Botaniſts, have which have been ſuppoſed different Plants; but it is
doubted if they were not the fame Species; but there is frequently found with both Colours upon the ſame
a remarkable Difference between them, as I have con- Root; ſo it is an accidental Variety. Matthiolus, Lobel,
ftantly obſerved in the Plants which have grown at and ſome other Botanic Writers, call this Plant Artemefia
Chelſea ; the Sort here figured having ſtrong ligneous tenuifolia, i.e. Narrow-leau'd Mugwort.
Branches, which grow erect, and are of long Duration ;
PLA A T
Τ Ε
E III .
F
ABUTILON, Tourn. Inft. R. H. 99. Sida, Lin. Gen. 674. five-cornered Fruit. This is, by Doctor Van Royen,
in the Flora Leydenfis Prod. titled,
INDIAN Mallow, or Yellow Marſh Mallow. Melocbia floribus ſolitariis capſulis depreffis pentagonis, an-
gulis obtufis; but I think it ſhould, by no means, be
IG. 1. ABUTILON fruteſcens lanuginoſum, folio fub-
put under this Genus, for the Reaſons before-men-
rotundo, flore amplo luteo patulo, calyce fimplici, Houft.
tioned. It is probable that this is Malva vel Alces
Manuſ. i. e. Shrubby woolly Indian Mallow, with a
fruticoſa Ribeſii foliis, feminibus afperis, Sloan Cat. 96.
large ſpread Flower, having a ſingle Cup.
but the Deſcription of it, in the Hiſtory of Jamaica,
is not fufficient to determine it exactly.
a, repreſents the Empalement, which is ſingle, and is One
of the Characters by which this Genus is diftinguiſh'd
This Plant was diſcovered by the fame Gentleman, in
from others of the malvaceous Tribe ; b, fhews the Jamaica, in 1730, who ſent the Seeds to England, Hol-
under Side of the Seed veſſel reiting on the permanent land, and France, where the plants were raiſed, and are
Empalement; <, the Corolla or Petals of the Flower; yet preſerved, in ſeveral curious Gardens. Both theſe
d, the Column in the Center of the Flowers, com- Plants are tender, and feldom continue more than Two
poſed of both Organs of Generation ; e, the Style, Years. The Second Sort perfects Seed very well in
which is divided into ſeveral Parts.
England; ſo that it may be kept in our Gardens; but the
Firſt feldom does. They flower in July and Auguſt, and
The Firſt Sort here figured is intirely new; it was the Seeds ripen in O&tober. The Title of this Genus of
diſcovered by the late Doctor William Houſtoun, at La Plants is taken from Avicena, an Arabian Phyſician, who
Vera Cruz in America, in the Year 1729, who fent the applied this Name of Abutilon to a Plant of the malva-
Seed to Europe, where, in ſeveral curious Gardens, the ceous Tribe; but whether to any of this Genus, is not
Plants were raiſed, and have flowered. This Sort hath ſo eaſy to determine. However, Dodonæus, and many
not been mentioned by any of the Writers on Botany; of the later Writers on Plants, have applied this Title
ſo we have choſen to exhibit its Figure here, it being the to the Genus here mentioned; but, it being an Arabic
moſt beautiful Species of this Genus at prefent known. Name, Doctor Linnæus has changed it to Sida, which
The Second Sort is, by Doctor Van Royen, in the Pro. is taken from Tbeophraſtus.
dromus to the Leyden Garden, placed in the Genus Melo-
There is not one Species of this Genus, which is a
chia ; in which he is followed by Doctor Linnæus: But Native of Europe. The moſt common Sort, which is
if the Fructification may be admitted as a diſtinguiſhing mentioned by Dodonæus, grows plentifully in North
Character of the Genus, this cannot be placed there; America, where it is often uſed for the fame Purpoſes as
for the Title Melochiæ has been, by all the former Bo- the Marſh Mallow is in Europe. The Seeds are fre-
taniſts, applied to the Coreborus, or Jews Mallow, the quently brought from thence to England, and the Plants
Species of which have long Pods, which open in Two thrive very well in the open Air, and perfect their
Parts, and are filled with ſmall angular Seeds; but Seeds, which, if ſuffered to ſcatter, will produce young
theſe are ſeparated by Doctor Linnæus to another Claſs, Plants the following Spring ; but they are annual, and
under the title of Corchorus : However, as this Plant periſh with the firſt Froft in Autumn. There is not any
agrees very well, in the moſt effential Characters, with Species of this Genus which is uſed in Medicine, or for
thoſe of Abutilou, ſo we have choſen to continue it under any other Purpoſe, in England, though many of them,
that Genus.
which abound in the lands of America, as alſo in moſt
of the hot Parts of Aſia and Africa, are frequently uſed
Fig. 2. ABUTILON Ribefii foliis, flere carneo, fruflu pen. by the Inhabitants, as Emollients; and, in ſome Coun-
tagono aſpero, Houft. Manuſ. i. e. Indian Malluw, with tries, the young Plants are boiled and eaten, as other
Currant Leaves, a Fleſh coloured Flower, and a rough Suller Herbs.
PLATE

[ 4 ]
PL L Α Τ Ε
IV.
ACACIA, Tourn. Inf. R.H.605. Mimoſa, Lin. Gen. Pl.522. The Title of Acacia has been applied to this Genus of
Plants, by moſt of the Writers on Botany, both ancient
Egyptian Thorn, or Binding Bean-Tree.
and modern; but Doctor Linnæus has joined the Plants
THE Species repreſented in this place is,
of this Genus to thoſe of Mimoſa, as the Characters of
THE
the Two Genera do agree pretty well : But as the Title
ACACIA non Spinoſa, Flore albo, foliorum pinnis lati- of Acacia has been long known, both by Botaniſts and
uſculis glabris, ſiliquis longis planis, Houft. Manuſ. Phyſicians, ſo it ſhould not be expunged for one of later
i. e. Acacia without Thorns, having a white Flower, Dace; therefore the diſtinguiſhing the Mimoſa from this
broad ſmooth Leaves, and long flat Pods. This Genus, by their Leaves fhrinking when touched, ſhould
is the Thirteenth Species of Acacia mentioned in be admitted to avoid Confufion, as there are fo greac
the Gardeners Dictionary; and it may be the Acacia Numbers of Species in each Genus; and hereby the
non ſpinoſa, filiquis latis compreſſis, Flore albo of Plumier, officinal Name may be preſerved, which otherwiſe will
his Name agreeing to the Characters of this Plant; be loft, unleſs the Title of the Genus is changed from
but as there is only the Name publiſhed in his Ca- Mimoſa to Acacia, and all the Species of both included
talogue of American Plants, ſo it is difficult to de- under it.
termine.
This Plant was diſcoverd by the late Doctor William
Houſtoun, at La Vera Cruz, where it grows naturally, in
Fig. 2, repreſents a ſingle Flower ſeparated from the great Plenty. The Seeds of this were ſent to Europe,
Globe, which is compoſed of many Flowers collected by that Gentleman, in 1729, with many other rare
into a round Ball, as at c; their Stamina are ſhewn Plants; and this has produced Flowers, and perfected
at b; the Seed- veſſel is repreſented at d; and e is a Seeds, in the Phyſic Garden at Chelſea : It commonly
ſingle Seed taken out of the Pod.
flowers in April, and the Seeds are ripe in Autumn.
P L A
Τ Ε
V.
ACACIA Americana, non ſpinoſa Flore purpureo, ftaminibus Flowers, and when the Pods are ripe, being of an Iron
longiſſimis filiquis planis villoſis, pinnis foliorum tenuiffimis, Colour, and hanging plentifully in every part of the
Houſt. Manuſ. i. e. American Acacia without Thorns, Tree, renders the Proſpect of them very pleaſing, at a
purple Flowers with very long Stamina, flat hairy ſmall Diſtance.
Pods, and very narrow Leaves. This is the Eleventh This Plant approaches near to one of Plumier's Aca-
Species of Acacia mentioned in the Gardener's cias, which he titles Acacia fruteſcens non aculeata Flore
Dictionary.
purpurafcente; but, upon comparing it with the Plants
growing in the Royal Garden at Paris, which were
G. a, repreſents a ſingle Flower with its Cover ; b raiſed from the Seeds fent from America by that Author,
fhews the Involucrum feparated from the Flower; I find them very different in their Leaves; thoſe of his
c, a Spike of Flowers ; d, the Pods.
being much more ramoſe, and the Pinnæ are broader
and much ſhorter than thoſe of this Plant; but how they
This is one of the moſt beautiful Species of this Ge- may differ in their Flowers and Pods, I cannot ſay, as I
the Petals of the Flowers being much larger than have not ſeen either Flowers or Fruit of Plumier's Plant.
of any Species yet known; and theſe being of a fine The Seeds of this Sort were ſent to Europe, with thoſe
purple Colour, with their Stamina being ſtretched out of the former Sort, by the fame Gentleman, from La
to a conſiderable Diſtance beyond the Petals, makes a Vera Cruz in America.
charming Appearance when the Trees are covered with
F
nus
3
P L Α Τ Ε
VI.
F
Acacia Spinoſa tenuifolia ſpinis fingulis cornu Bovinum, per Place of its Growth, they are produced almoſt through
longitudinem fillum referentibus, Houſt. Manuſ. i. e. Nar- the Year, and a Succeffion of Pods on the fame Tree is
row-leav’d Acacia, with Spines reſembling an Ox's generally to be found; but the Seeds are commonly
Horn, which ſeem ſplit lengthwiſe.
eaten by Inſects, before they come to Maturity; ſo that
it is very difficult to get any which are good : For, in
MIG. a, ſhews a ſingle Flower magnified; b, a whole examining a great Number of Trees, there were not more
Globe of Flowers in their natural Size; C, the than Seven or Eight good Pods to be found.
Spines, which appear as if they were ſplit through the This is alſo a Native of La Vera Cruz, and was diſco-
Middle. This is the Seventeenth Species of Acacia vered at the ſame Time with the other Two Sorts, by the
mentioned in the Gardeners Di&tionary.
ſame Gentleman who fent Seeds and dried Samples of
the Plant to Europe.
It is one of the moſt fingular Species of Acacia yet Theſe Three Sorts of Acacia, being new, and of
known, the Spines being ſpread open, and being fiat, fingular Beauty, tempted us to give their Figures, which,
with the Appearance as if ſplit lengthwiſe, is peculiar we hope, may prove acceptable to the Public; and
to this Sort. The Leaves are alſo very beautiful; but therefore believe it will be unneceſſary to make any
the Flowers are ſmall, and of an herbaceous Colour, fo Apology for exhibiting ſo many Species of the ſame
they make no great Appearance; but, in the natural Genus.
PLATE

IN
wenn
10
С
UMA
M
B
wa
E
D
ACACIA non fpinoſa, flore albo, foliorum pinnis
latiufculis glabris filiquis; longis planis. Hoult.
VITI
Gret. pex
Myrde foto
the way thaly Maas


.
· ACACIA. Americana non fpinofa flore purpureo ftaminibus longifsimis
filiquis planis villojis pinnis foliorum tenuifsimiä. Hout.
ad adinya hehet hy in Maramu


PIG
L.
Caine Maniglie
Acacia spinosa, tenuifolia; spinis fingulis Cornu Bovenum
por longitudinem försum referentibus.n Houston –



PI VII
h
ACANTHUS narioribus 6" brevioribus, aculeis munitus: Joum Inok: 176.
Folloland wording the Art by 7. Miller Alpal 20.3735


PI VIIT
Fig. ACER platanoides
, Munt: Whyt: fig.1.
Fig.2 ACERliginianum jólio majen vibles argento, supra vindi splendenteflak. Phyt. tab.a.f2
Lawing e che de

[5]
P L Α Τ Ε
VII
Plant. 711.
T T
ACANTHUS, Tourn. Inf. R. H. 176. Pl. 80. Lin. Gen. and prickly Bears-Breech; in which he is followed by
Doctor Van Royen; ſo that neither of them mention this
Sort, fuppofing it to be only a Variety ; but from many
Brank URSINE or BEARS-BREECH.
Experiments which I have made, in railing the Three
Sorts from Seeds, I can affirm they never vary, but
HIS Genus of Plants is ranged in the Fifth conſtantly produce the fame Species as the Seeds were
Section of the Third Claſs of Plants, in Tour- gathered from; as doth alſo the Fourth Sort, mentioned
fort's Inſtitutions of Botany, intituled, Herbs in the Gardeners Diēlionary, which approaches near to
with anomalous Flowers of One Leaf. Mr. Ray places the firſt or ſmooth leav'd Sort, but the Leaves are largers
this Genus in his Claſs intituled, Herbs whoſe Seeds are and of a ſhining Green.
lodged in Pods, having a difform or irregular Flower of It is generally ſuppoſed, that the Foliage on the Ca-
One Leaf. By Rivinus it is ranged under his Claſs of pitals of the Corinthian Pillars is taken from the ſmooth
irregular Flowers of One Leaf. Doctor Linnæus ranges it Sort of Acanthus; but by thoſe Figures which we fee
in his Fourteenth Claſs, intituled, Didynamia Angio- repreſented in the Books of Architecture, they have a
permia. And Doctor Van Royen, in the Prodromus to the much nearer Reſemblance to this Species. And as this
Leyden Garden, places this Genus in his Claſs of Plants Sort grows naturally in many places in Italy, and alſo
intituled, Ringentes Angioſpermia,
in the Inands of the Archipelago, ſo we may ſuppoſe
The particular Characters of this Genus are deſcribed that this may be the Plant from which they compoſed
in the Gardeners Di&ionary. a, ſhews a ſingle Flower, the Capitals of the Pillars of that Order of Architecture,
ſeparated from the Spike; b, repreſents the Fore-part of eſpecially as it is much more common in thoſe Countries.
the Flower, which is divided into Three Segments; The ſmooth Sort of Bears-breech having been figured
1, the Hinder part of the Flower; d, One of the Sta- in ſeveral Books of Botany already, and there being no
mina at full Length, with its Apex taken out of the good Figure of this Plant extant, ſo we imagined that
Flower; e, the Ovarium, which afterward becomes the this might be more acceptable to the curious; eſpeci-
Seed-veftel; f, the Seed-veffel intire; 8, repreſents the ally as the eſſential Characters of the Genus are the
Seed-veffel cut tranſverſely, ſhewing the Seeds as they fame in both, the Difference between the Two Species be-
are lodged in the Hufk; b, the prickly Empalement ing in their Leaves, this Sort being much more jagged;
or Cover of the Flower.
and the Inciſures of the Leaves being terminated by
Spines; whereas thoſe of the other Sort have fewer Cuts,
The Species herc repreſented is.
which are obtuſe, and have no Spines on them.
The ſmooth Sort is that which is directed by the Col-
Acanthus rarioribus & brevioribus aculeis munitus. lege of Phyſicians to be uſed in Medicine ; but it is
Tourn. Inft. R. H. 176. i. e. BEARS-BREECH or now rarely preſcribed : for the Herh women generally
BRANK Úrsine, guarded with fewer and ſhorter ſupplied the Markets with either the Helleborajter, or
Prickles. By Doctor Plukenet this Species is titled, Sphondylium, inſtead of this Plant; ſo that when it was
Acanthus ſylveſtris mitioribus ſpinis. Almag. Bot. and in ordered, the right Plant was very ſeldom uſed, which
the Catalogue of Plants in the Garden at Piſa, it is may have occafioned the leaving of it out of Practice.
mentioned with this Title, Acanthus medius rarioribus The Germans in general ſubſtitute the Spbondylium or
& brevioribus aculeis donatus Fagon ; and in this Book Cow-parſnep for this, which is by moſt of the Writers
there is a Figure of a Leaf in the Second Plate, intituled Branca Urfina; by which Name it is mentioned
which the Author fuppoſes to be a different Species in all their Diſpenſaries.
from that which is here repreſented ; but as I have The Leaves of this Sort are a Foot and half long,
raiſed ſeveral Plants from the Seeds, which were fent about Nine Inches broad, ariſing with a Foot ftalk im-
me by the Author, ſo I am convinced that it is the mediately from the Root; between the Leaves ariſe the
fame Plant here figured, having had it growing in Flower-ſtems, which are commonly Three Feet high,
the Chelſea Garden many Years, ſtanding near the which are garniſhed with Flowers from near the Ground
Plant of Tourneferi's, which was raiſed from Seeds to their Top.
fent from the Royal Garden at Paris, and has been Theſe Plants begin to flower the End of May, and
an old Inhabitant in Chelſea Garden.
continue till the latter End of Auguſt; the Flowers at the
Bottom of the Spike appearing firft, ſo that on the ſame
Doctor Linnæus mentions but Two Species of this Spike there is often a Continuation of Flowers near Two
Genus, which are European Plants; theſe are the ſmooth Months.
P L Α Τ Ε
VIII.
Acer, Tourn. Inf. R. H.615. Pl. 386. Lin. Gen. Plant. ticapſular Fruit. Doctor Linnæus, in the former Edi-
1023. Raii Meth. 157,
tions of his Genera Plantarum, ranges this in his Eighth
Claſs of Plants, intituled, Oxandria Monogynia, trom
The MAPLE-TREE
the Flowers having Eight Stamina, and a fingle Style.
THI
HIS is placed by Tournefort in the Third Sec. But, in the laſt Edition of his Method, he has removed
tion of his Twenty-firſt Claſs, intituled, Trees and it to his Twenty-third Claſs of Polygamia Monacia,
Shrubs with a Roſe-flower, wboje Peintal turns to a mul becauſe there are Male and Hermaphrodite Flowers on
NUMB. II.
B
th:

(6)
the ſame Plant. Mr. Ray places this Genus in his Claſs quelobis fubdentatis fubens glaucis, pedunculis fimpliciffimis
of Trees with a dry Fruit, having Wings.
aggregatis, 1055
The Characters of this Genus are deſcribed in the
Gardeners Dictionary; a, repreſents an Hermaphrodite The Figures which have been exhibited of this Spe-
Flower, with its Eight Stamina; b, a Male Flower, cies are very imperfect ; that in Doctor Plukenet hath no
having no Ovarium; C, the Calyx or Flower-cup; Flowers, and Doctor Herman's Figure has but few, and
d, the Seeds with its Wings.
thoſe are repreſented too ſmall. Mr. Cateſby's Figure
repreſents the Seed-vefſels very perfect, but the Flowers
The Species here repreſented are,
are not very correct; the Stamina are ſtretched out too
far from the Corolla, and are ill-coloured.
Fig. 1. Acer Platanoides. Munt. Phyt. Fig. 11. Maple
There are Two Varieties of this Tree cultivated in
with a Plane-tree Leaf, commonly called the Nor- the Nurſeries near London. The firſt was ſent to Eng-
way Maple. This is the Acer montanum orientalis Pla- land by Mr. Baniſter, from Virginia, and has been many
tani foliis atro-virentibus. Pluk. Phyt. Tab. 252. f. 1. Years in the Biſhop of London's Garden at Fulbam, the
and in the Hortus Cliff. it is titled, Acer foliis pal- Phyſic Garden at Chelſea, and ſome others. This pro-
matis acute dentatis, floribus corolla Specioſis corymboſis duces ſmall ſcattering Bunches of Flowers.
143. and in the Flora Suec. Acer foliis quinquelobis acu- The other was raiſed in the Gardens of Sir Charles Wa-
minatis acute dentatis glabris, floribus corymbolis, P. 303. ger, at Parſons Green near Fulham, in the Year 1725. The
Flowers of this are produced in cloſer Bunches, and the
This Tree is a Native in the Northern Parts of Eu- Branches are fuller garniſhed with them than are thoſe
rope, and was firſt introduced into the Engliſh Gardens of the other; ſo that the Trees make a much finer Ap-
from Norway; ſo has been generally known by the Name pearance when in Flower. The Gardeners diſtinguiſh
of Norway Maple among the Gardeners. It grows to a this by the Title of Sir Charles Wager's Maple, the other
large Tree; the Wood is hard and tough, and of a being called Scarlet Flowering Maple; but as there is no
white cloſe Texture, and is much uſed by the Inhabitants Difference in their Flowers, Seeds, or Leaves, ſo they
of the Countries where it naturally grows. It hath not muſt be deemed but One Species, as they are only acci-
been much cultivated in England, till of late Years; fo dental Varieties ariſing from Seeds. This is the Fifth
that there are few large Trees to be found in the Gar- Species in the Gardeners Diftionary, where the other is
dens at preſent : But as it is found to be of quick placed as a diſtinct Sort; but, upon Examination, I
Growth, and extremely hardy, reſiſting the Spray of can find no ſpecific Difference between them. This
the Sea better than moſt other Sorts of Trees, ſo it feldom grows very large in England; the largeſt Trees
has been greatly propagated within a few Years paſt in which I have ſeen are not more than Twenty Feet high,
the Nurſeries about London. This is the Seventh Species and their Stems not more than One Foot Diameter. The
in the Gardeners Di&lionary.
Wood is cloſe and white, but the Branches are often
ſplit down from the Trees, where they are much expoſed
Fig. 2. Acer Virginianum, folio majore, ſubtus argenteo, to the Winds. From this Tret (as from moſt of the
ſupra viridi Splendente. Pluk. Alm. 7. Phyt. Tab. 2. f.2.
other Sorts or evaplc), diſtils a ſweet Juice from the
The red or ſcarlet Flowering Maple of Virginia. Parts which are wounded, during the Spring, which,
This is, by Doctor Herman, titled, Acer Virginianum being boiled, produces Sugar.
foliis fubtus intunu, flufundis viridi rebentibus. Par. The Firſt Sort flowers about the Middle of April, and
Bat. p. 1. Tab. 1. and in the Hort. Upſal. Acer foliis the Second in the Middle or latter End of March, at
quinquelobis acuminatis acute ferratis, petiolis teretibus, which time they make a fine Appearance.
8. 94. In Linnæus's Species of Plants, Acer foliis quin-
P L A T E IX.
,
Achillea, Lin. Gen. Plant. 871. Ptarmica, Tourn. Inft. This Genus of Plants was, by the Botaniſts of the
R. H. 496. Tab. 283. Ageratum, Raii Meih. Emend. 38. laſt Age, titled Ageratum, in Engliſh Maudlin or
MAUDELIN; but Doctor Tournefort has applied that
Sweet Maudlin, or Common Maudelin.
odnom
Title to a Plant (whoſe Characters are very different
from thoſe here mentioned) which is deſcribed in the
HIS Genus of Plants is, by Doctor Tournefort, Hortus Lugdunenfis : He gave the Title of Ptarmica to
in the Third Section of his Fourteenth this Genus, as the Characters of the common Ptarmica,
Claſs of Plants, intituled, Herbs with a radiated Flower, or Sneezewort, agreed pretty well with theſe. But Doc-
having no Down adhering to their Seeds. By Mr. Ray it tor Linnæus has joined theſe to the Milfoils, or Yarrow,
is placed in his Claſs of Plants, intituled, Herbs with a giving this Epithet of Achillea to the Genus, which is an
corymbiferous naked Flower. By Doctor Linnæus it is old Title of the Yarrow.
placed in his Nineteenth Claſs of Plants, with Male and The Characters of this Genus are deſcribed in the
Female Flowers incloſed in the fame Empalement, Gardeners Diētionary, under the Article Ptarmica. a, re-
whoſe Stamina and Anthera are joined in a Cylinder. preſents a ſingle winged Leaf; b, a fingle Head of
Flowers, which are incloſed in one common Empale-
The Species here repreſented is,
ment; C, the Half-Florets, which compoſe the Rays of
Achillea foliis pinnatis foliolis lineari-lanceolatis bafi fur. the Flower ; d, a Floret, or Hermaphrodite Flower ; of
fum auclis. Flor. Leyd. Prod. 176. Maudlin with hoary which there are ſeveral in each Head, reſting upon the
Tanſey Leaves. This is, by Doctor Tournefort, ti- Embryo's of the Seeds.
tled, Ptarmica Orientalis, foliis Tanaceti incanis flore This is the Thirteenth Species of Ptarmica mentioned
aureo. Cor. Inft. 37. It is the Sixth Species of Agera- in the Gardeners Di Elionary, of which there hath been
tum, in Boerhaave's Index Plantarum."
no Figure as yet exhibited in any of the Books of
Botany;


PI
C
6
ACHILLEA folis pinnatis foliolis lineari-lanceolatis basi fursum auctis: Hor. Loyd.pr.
Pelihat swording' on Uke Air by Willir a April 181735


PL
ACHILLEA
fólis lanceolatis , obtusis, acute sorratis : Hort »Arif 445


P XT
4
小小​小小
​Fig. 2.
ACHYRANTHES caule erecto,
foliis olverse-ovatis
w
undulatis floribus reflaris.
6
Fig.1.
Fig.1. AC HYRANTHES canle orecto, spricis ovatis lateralibus calycibus lanatis. Lin.spo pl.104.
Behalad averding to the Adaly I. Miller ilpor 755
I. Foffenga wale

[2]
Botany : ſo we imagined it might be more acceptable Doctor Adrian Van Royen, late Profeſſor of Botany in
to the Curious to give the Figure of this, than to have the Univerſity at Leyden. The Plant is very hardy, will
taken the Yarrow, which is a Plant well known to every live in the open Air, and propagates eaſily by Slips,
Herb-woman.
but doth not perfect Seeds in England, unlels in warm
The Seeds of this Plant were ſent to the Royal Gar- dry Seaſons. The Plant is low and buſhy, but the
den at Paris, by Doctor Tournefort, who diſcovered it Flower-ſtems rife near Two Feet high
growing naturally in the Levant. And from that Gar- It begins to flower in June, and continues to produce
den the Seeds have been diſtributed to many curious new Flowers till September.
Botanic Gardens. I received a Plant of this Sort from
P L Α Τ Ε Χ.
Achillea foliis lanceolatis obtufis acute ſerratis. Lin. i. e. Taller Sneezewort, with dark-green Leaves, which
Hort. Cliff, 413. Sp. Plant. 897.
are deeply ſerrated. This being a much hardier Plant
than the other, and propagating eaſily by its creeping
Common or Sweet Maudlin.
Roots, the Gardeners have neglected the other entirely
ſo that unleſs the Perſons who are to uſe the Herb in
HIS is the Ageratum foliis ferratis, C. B. P. and Medicine, are well acquainted with it, they will be
by Dodonæus it is called Balſamita minor ; by ſure to have the other impoſed on them; but by any
Doctor Tournefort it is titled, Ptarmica lutea ſuaveolens. Perſon who is ſkilled in the Knowledge of Plants, it
Inf. R. H. 497: by John Baubin it is titled, Agera- may be eaſily diſtinguiſhed. For the Sort which is now
tum pleriſque, Herba Julia quibuſdam. Hift. Vol. 3. 142. vended in the Markets hath very long narrow deep-
This is ſuppoſed to be the Eupatorium Meſues Offic. and green Leaves, which are deeply ſawed on their Edges,
has been of long ſtanding in the Diſpenſaries, but at reſembling thoſeof the common Sneezewort. The Flowers
prefent feldom uſed in Medicine, a, repreſents a Flower of of this Sort do alſo reſemble thoſe of Sneezewort, being
the common Sort magnified, whoſe Diſk, b, is compoſed white, and the Rays are ſpread open like them; but the
of many Florets ; c, ſhews a ſingle Floret fitting on the Leaves are longer, and of a deeper Green, and the
Embryo of the Seed; d, is a Half-Floret, of which the Stalks riſe much lugher Yet the whole Plant has a
Rays or Border of the Flower is compoſed.
much greater Reſemblance of the common Sneezewort,
As this Plant has been long uſed in Medicine, fo I than of the Maudlin for which it is ſold.
have given the Figure of it, to diſtinguiſh it from ano- There are Two other Species of this Genus, which
ther Species, which has taken Place of this in the approach near to the common Maudlin, one of them is
Engliſh Gardens and Markets ; ſo that whoever aſks for titled by Tournefort, Ptarmica foliis ferratis, corymbis lon-
Maudlin now, will always have the other Plant fubſti- gioribus & magis compallis
. This hath cloſer and longer
tuted for it, which is very different in Form, Smell, and Heads of Flowers than the common Sort. The other
Colour of the Flower, from the Maudlin. Nor is the hath broader Leaves, and ſmaller Flowers: The laſt I
Sort which is here figured, to be found in any of the raiſed from Seeds, which came from Spain. But as theſe
Gardens where medicinal Plants are propagated to are not common in England, ſo there is no Danger of
fupply the Markets; ſo that the Plant which is now their being brought to the Markets.
generally ſold in the Markets for Maudlin, is the Ptar- This Plant begins to flower in June, and continues
mica foliis profundius ferratis, latè viridibus elatior, H. L. producing new Flowers till September.
PL A T
AT E
XI.
THE
ACHYRANTHES, Lin. Gen. AMARANTHUS, Pluk. Alm. the firſt which was brought into the Engliſh Gardens,
27. Chenopodium, Burm. Zeyl. 60.
was titled, Amaranthus ficulus ſpicatus, by Father Boc-
con; and the others which have been fince introduced,
Spiked Amaranthus.
were differently titled; ſo that neither of them were
HE Characters of his Genus are,
properly placed, till Doctor Linnæus conſtituted this
Genus.
The Flower conſiſts of Five Leaves, and are
included in a Three-leav'd Empalement; each Flower Fig. 1. ACHYRANTHES caule eretto, fpicis ovatis late-
has Five Stamina, which are equal in Length with the ralibus, calycibus lanatis. Lin. Sp. Plant. 204. i. e.
Petals : The Pointal changes to a roundiſh Capſule, in Achyranthes with an upright Stalk, oval Spikes of
which there is a ſingle roundiſh Seed.
Flowers coming on the Side, with woolly Cups.
The ſeveral Species of this Genus of Plants have been This is called by Doctor Burman, Chenopodium inca-
ranged, by the Writers on Botany, under many Genera; man racemofum, folio majoremineri oppofito, Plant. Zol.6o.
i.

[8]
1. e. Hoary-branching Gooſefoot, with large and ſmall ours are hairy and waved, and are larger than thoſe of
Leaves oppoſite. And by Doctor{Plukener it is called, his; the Spike and Flowers of both are very like, both
Amaranthus Indicus verticillatus albus foliis lanugine in- of them agreeing in this with the common Sort; a,
canus, Almag. 27. i. e. Indian Amaranth, with white repreſents a ſingle Flower taken from the Spike, with
Whorles, and hoary Leaves.
the Seed-vefſel joined at the Bottom, which is incloſed
in the permanent Empalement.
a, repreſents the oval Spike of Flowers coming out This Genus of Plants is ranged in Linnæus's Fifth
from the Wings of the Leaves, which are ſo fmail as Claſs of Plants, intituled, Pentandria, from the Flowers
ſcarce to be diſcovered with the naked Eye ; b, ſhews having Five Stamina, and in the Sixth Diviſion of that
the Seed taken out of the Cover.
Claſs which he calls incomplete Flowers.
The firſt Sort here figured grows naturally in ſeveral
This Plant is tender, ſo muſt be raiſed on a Hot- Parts of India, and alſo at the Cape of Good Hope, from
bed, and afterward kept under Glaſſes, otherwiſe it will whence I received the Seeds, in the Year 1752.
not perfect its Seeds in England.
The Seeds of the Second Sort I received from Mala-
bar, in the Year 1751, which has flouriſhed at Chelſea,
Fig. 2. ACHYRANTHES caule ere&to, foliis obverſe-ovatis and perfected Seeds annually, which have always pro-
undulatis, floribus reflexis
. Spiked Amaranth, with an duced the fame Plants, never varying from the Original,
upright Stalk, oval waving Leaves, and reflexed fo may be deemed a diſtinct Species.
Flowers.
This Plant is too tender to thrive in the open Air in
England; fo muſt be raiſed in an Hot-bed in the Spring,
This Plant approaches near to one which is figured and the Plants muſt be kept under Glaffes, otherwile
by Doctor Burman, in his Zeylon Plants, which he they will not perfect their Seeds.
sitles Amaranthus spicatus Zeylanicus foliis obtufis, Ama- They both flower in July; and if the plants are placed
rantho ſiculo Boccone fimilis, Tab. 5. f. 3. But the Leaves in a Stove, they will continue flowering moft Part of
of his Plant are ſmooth and plain, whereas thoſe of the Winter, and will perfect their Seeds very well.
P L Α Τ Ε
XII.
ACONITUM, Tourn. Injt. 424. Tab. 239, 240. Raii
Method. 79. Lin. Gen. Plant. 603.
and by Doctor Linnæus, Aconitum floribus pentagynis;
Sp. Plant. 532.
TI
MONKS-Hood, or Wolfs-bane.
4, repreſents a ſingle Flower ſpread open, which is com
poſed of ſeveral diffimilar Petals; b, ſhews the horned
HIS Genus of Plants is ranged by Doctor Tourne- Styles, which are hid in the upper Petal of the Flower C,
fort in his Eleventh Claſs, intituled, Herbs and which is ſhaped like an Helmet or Cowl; d, repreſents
Under-Shrubs with an anomalous Flower, compoſed of the membranaceous Seed-vefſels, which are collected
ſeveral Leaves. Mr. Ray places this Genus in his Claſs into an Head; e, ſhews the Seed out of the Cover.
of Plants with irregular Flowers, which are ſucceeded by
Several Seed-veſſels : And Doctor Linnæus ranges it in the This Species of Monks-Hood is that which is made
Third Diviſion of his Thirteenth Claſs of Plants, in- uſe of in Medicine, and is eſteemed an Antidote to
tituled, Polyandria Trigynia, whoſe Flowers have many thoſe which are poiſonous ; ſo whenever Aconite is pre-
Stamina, and Three Styles.
fcribed, this Sort is always intended. It is the Root
The Characters of this Genus are exhibited in the only which is uſed, and at preſent is never preſcribed
Gardeners Dictionary, under the Article Aconitum, in England; for although ſome Perſons have accounted
it a good Antidote to expel the Poiſon of the Napellus,
The Species here figured is,
or Wolfs-bane, as alſo to be of Service againſt the
Plague, yet as moſt of the other Species are a deadly
Aconitum ſalutiferum ſeu Anthora. C. B. P. 184. Poiſon not only to Men, but to Brutes alſo, fo few Per
Wholſome Monks-hood, or Counter-poiſon to Wolfs- fons care to make uſe of a Plant in Medicine upon ſo
bane. This is the Fourth Species in the Gardeners ſlender Authority, eſpecially as there is Danger of hay-
Dictionary. By John Baubin it is titled, Antithora ing one of the other Species ſubſtituted for it.
flore luteo Aconiti, Vol. 3. p. 660. By Tabernemontanus, This Plant flowers in July and Auguſt, and is an
Anthors Zedoaria, Aconitum ſalutiferum, Icon. 112. ornamental Plant in Gardens.
PLATE

d
17
20
A CONITUM Sabatforum feu Anthema. C232



PL SITE
ADHATODA Indica folio saligno flore albo Boerh Ind. Plant.p.2.939 -
Published anording to the Adtely 2. Miller May 51988,
I Jefferys soup


Pl XIV
a
Fig.2.
Frig..
Hels
Fig. 1. ADONIS Hellebori radice, buphthalmi flore-HL.
Fig
. 2. ADONIS sylvestris flore luteo, foliis longioribus C.B.0.178.
Zablished anweding is the Adby C. Miller May 07-4785

[9]
P L A T E
XIII.
ADHATOD A, Raii Method. Plant. 92. Tourn. Ing. R. white Flower, commonly called the Snap-tree. This
H. 175. Boerb. Ind. Alt. 239. Juſticia, Lin. Gen. is by Doctor Plukenet titled Ecbolii Indici Adhatoda
Plant. 26.
cuculatis floribus æmula Hyllopifolia, ex Inſulis fortu-
The MALABAR-NUT, or SNAP-TREE.
natis. Almag. Bot. 132. to which Name Doctor
Morriſon, in the Third Volume of his Hiſtory of Plants,
HIS Genus is by Mr. Ray ranged under his
p. 604. has ſubjoined Acanthoides by lopi latioris folio
Claſs of Plants, with a Lip, or hooded Flower.
Canarienfis. Doctor Linnæus has titled it Jufticia fru-
By Doctor Tournefort, it is placed in the Eighth
ticoſa, foliis lanceolatis integerrimis, pedunculis trifloris
Section of his Thirteenth Claſs, titled Plants with an
ancipitibus, braittis calyce brevioribus. Sp. Plant. 15.
anomalous or hooded Flower of One Leaf. But Doctor
placing it in his ſecond Claſs of Plants, intituled Di-
Linnæus has joined the Species of this Genus to the Ju-
andria. a, repreſents the under Lip of the Flower,
ſticia, which is a Genus that was eſtabliſhed by the late
which is deeply cut into Three Segments. b, ſhews
Doctor William Houſtoun, who gave this Title to ſome
Plants which he had diſcovered in America, whoſe ge-
the upper Lip, which is drawn to a Point at the Top.
C, the Two Stamina with the Pointal. This Plant
nerical Characters differed from all thoſe of the Genera
doth not produce Seeds in England; but is propa-
which had been before eſtabliſhed; for the Shape of the
gated by Cuttings, during any of the Summer Months.
Flower, and the Seed-veffel of his Plants, are different
It produces Flowers moſt of the Summer Months;
from thoſe of the Adhatoda. The upper Lip of the
and if the Plants are preſerved in a moderate Warmth
Flower of Juſticia, is ſtretched out much longer than
in Winter, they will begin to thew their Flowers very
the lower, and is divided into two Segments; whereas
thofe of the Adhatoda are almoſt equal, and the upper
early in the Spring; but their Flowers make but an
indifferent Appearance. The Leaves continue all
Lip intire. The Seed-veffel of Juſticia is ſhaped like
the Year green; and when the plants are regularly
an inverted Spear, and contains many flat Seeds, ranged
trained up, they add to the Variety in Winter, when
clofely in a Row, the whole Length; and the Veffel opens intermixed with other exotic Plants in the Stove.
only on one side; whereas that of the Adhatoda opens on
The Plants will grow to the Height of Three or
both Sides, and the Seeds are differently ſhaped : So
Four Feet, and may be eaſily trained into Pyramids,
they ſhould not be joined in the fame Genus.
furniſhed regularly with Branches from the Surface of
The Characters of this Genus are exhibited in the
the Ground upward.
Gardeners Dillionary.
This Plant was raiſed from Seeds, which were brought
The Species here repreſented is,
from the Canary Iſlands, about the Year 1690, in the
ADHATODA Indica, folio ſaligno, flore albo. Boerh. Ind. Gardens of Hampton-Court, at which Time there was a
Alt. 239. The Widow-leav'd Malabar-nut, with a noble Collection of curious Plants there preſerved.
T
P L Α Τ Ε
XIV.
ADONIS, Dillen. Nov. Gen. 4. Lin. Gen. Plant. 618. Clufius, in his Hiſtory of Plants, calls it Bupbtbal-
Ranunculus, Tourn. Inf. R. H. 291. Helleborus, C. mum Dodonai, Pſeudo-elleborus niger. p. 333. And Dr.
B.P.186. Tab. Icon, 721. Buphthalmum, Cluf. Hif.333. Linnæus, in the Catalogue of Mr. Clifford's Garden,
titles it Adonis radice perenne, p. 231. but, in his Enu-
Adonis FLOWER, BIRDS-EYB, or PHEASANTS-EYE.
meration of the Species of Plants, he has altered the
HIS Genus of Plants is by Doctor Linnæus ranged Name to Adonis flore dodecapetalo, fru&tu ovato, p. 547.
in the Seventh Section of his Thirteenth Claſs, This Plant grows naturally on the Mountains in Bo-
intituled Polyandria Polygynia, i. e. Plants whoſe Flowers bemia, Pruffia, and other parts of Germany; and has
have many Stamina and Germina. Doctor Tournefort been long an Inhabitant in the Engliſh Gardens, where
has ranged the Plants of this Genus under the Article it is cultivated for its early coming to flower. In mild
Ranunculus; as he alſo hath the leffer Celandine, the Hepa- Seaſons the Flowers open in March ; but generally they
tica, and Spearwort; whereby the Number of Species are in Beauty pretty early in April, and continue about
in that Genus are multiplied fo greatly as to oocafion a Month, if the Seaſon is not too warm, or their Si-
fome Confufion, and renders it difficult for a Learner tuation not too much expoſed to the Sun ; for the Plants
to reduce the Plants to their proper Genus. Doctor thrive better on a Border expoſed to the Eaſt, and the
Linnæus has made the principal Character of Ranun- Flowers will continue longer in Beauty, in that Expo-
culus to confiſt in the Nettarium, which is ſituated at the fure, than if planted in a warmer Situation. When
Baſe of the Petals ; whereby this Genus of Adonis muſt the Roots of theſe Plants are ſtrong, they will produce
be ſeparated from Ranunculus.
a great Number of Stalks from each, which will riſe
about a Foot high, and on the Top of each is generally
The Species here repreſented are,
one large yellow Flower: In order to have them ſtrong,
Fig. 1. Adonis Hellebori radice, Buphthalmi fiore, H. L. they ſhould remain untranſplanted; and the Ground
Boerb. Ind. Alt, Hellebore-rooted ADONIS, or Puea- about them ſhould be annually dug and looſened every
SANTS-EYE, frequently called Fennel-leav'd Black Hel- Autumn, being careful not to dillurb or injure their
lebore. Doctor Tournefort continues the Name given Roots.
to this plant in the Catalogue of the Plants in the The Roots of this Plant have been uſed by the Germans
Royal Garden of Montpelier, which is, Ranunculus for thoſe of the true Black Hellebore of Hippocrates in Me-
*faniculaceis foliis, Helleböri nigri radice. H. R. Menſp. dicine, and have been ſuppoſed to be the ſame, by many
Tourn. Inft. 291. Caſpar Baubin, in his Pinax, calls of their Writers on Medicine and Botany : but that has
it Helleborus niger tenuifolius Buphthalmi flore, p. 186. been diſproved by moſt of the later Writers on thoſe
Tabernementanus titles it Helleborus Hippocratis. lcon. Subjects.
721.
Num. III.
C
Fig. 2.

[ 10 ]
Fig. 2. repreſents the ADONIS ſylveſtris floris luteo, foliis Doctor Linnens, having joined theſe Two Species,
longioribus. C. B. P. 178. Wild Adonis
, or Birds-eye, gave the Title of Adonis radice annua to them, in the Ca-
with a yellow Flower, and longer Leaves. This is talogue of Mr. Clifford's Garden, p. 231. But in his
by Doctor Tournefort titled Ranunculus arvenſis foliis Catalogue of the Garden at Upſal, as alſo in his Enu-
Chamameli, flore Citrino. Inft. R. H. 291. a, ſhews the meration of the Species of Plants, he has altered the
Flower, with its Petals expanded; b, the Stamina, Title to Adonis floribus octopetalis, fruflibus ſtebcylindricis.
with their Apices, which occupy the Middle of the Theſe Two Sorts are annual, fo their Seeds ſhould be
Flower, and between theſe are placed the Germina, ſown in Autumn, foon after they are ripe ; for if they
which afterward become the Seeds. Doctor Linnæus are fown in the Spring, the Plants feldom come up till
fuppoſes this to be only a Variety of the common the following Spring, and many Times fail; or if the
Adonis, with a Red Flower, which is frequently fown Seeds are premitted to fall when ripe, if the Ground is
in Gardens, and is known among the Gardeners and not diſturbed, the plants will come up in the Spring,
Seedſmen by the Name of Flos Adonis, or Adonis without any further Care: And when the Seeds happen
Flower; and ſometimes it is called Birds or Pheaſants to be buried in the Ground for a Year or Two, and
eye. But there can be no doubt of theſe being Two are afterward turned up to the Surface again, the Plants
diftinct Species. The Leaves of the Yellow Sort, will come up: So that in the Places where the Red Sort
which is here figured, being longer and finer cut than grows naturally, all thoſe Fields which are fown with
thoſe of the Red Sort, and the Plants do grow much Wheat and Rye are generally full of this Plant, whereas
taller; which Differences are conftant, and never thoſe Fields which are fown with Grain in the Spring,
vary, as I have found by fowing the Seeds of each have ſeldom any of it appear that Seafon.
for more than Thirty Years; during which Time I The Firſt Sort, with perennial Roots, is alſo propa-
never could obſerve that there was the leaſt Variation gated by Seeds, which ſhould always be fown in Au-
in either of the Species. The Yellow Sort was brought tumn; for when they are fown in the Spring, they fel-
into England from Germany, where it grows naturally, dom fucceed, which has occafioned this Plant to be fo
and has been many Years preſerved in fome of the ſcarce in the Engliſh Gardens as at preſent; moſt People
Engliſh Gardens; but the Red Sort grows naturally having kept their Seeds out of the Ground till the Spring
in the Corn Fields near the River Medway in Kent; before they fowed them; and the Plants not coming up
from whence of late Years, there hath been great the ſame Year, they have given over the Hope of their
Quantities of the Plants in Flower brought to Lon- growing, and turned up the Ground the following Win-
don, and fold about the Streets, by the Name of Red ter ; which if they had not diſturbed fome few
Plants
Morocco. Theſe flower the Beginning of June. might probably have come up the following Spring,
P L Α Τ Ε
XV.
T Fora
AGRIMONIA, Tourn. Inft. R. H. 301. Tab. 155. Lin. fame Species. But there are Four diftinct Species of
Gen. Plant. 534. Raii Meth. 45. Eupatorium, C. B. P. them, which do never vary when raiſed from Seeds,
32.
as I have conſtantly found in ſowing of the Seeds of
AGRIMONIA, or EUPATORIUM of the Greeks.
each Sort for many Years; and the Plants fo raiſed
have always been the ſame with the Parent Plants.
THIS Genus of Plants is placed by Doctor Tourne- The Leaves of the Sort here figured are much longer,
fort in the Ninth Section of his Sixth Claſs, in- the Wings are alſo longer, and much narrower, and
tituled Herbs with a Roſe Flower, whoſe Cup changes to a the Inciſures on their Edges ending in ſharper Points
dry Fruit. Doctor Linnæus places it in the Second Di- than thoſe of the common Agrimony. The Flower-
viſion of his Ninth Claſs of Plants, intituled Dodecandria ſtems of this Sort do generally branch out on every
Digynia, i. e. Plants whoſe Flowers have Twelve Sta-
Side, and the Flowers ftand upon longer Footſtalks ;
mina, and Two Styles. Mr. Ray places it in his Tenth whereas the common Sort runs up with a ſingle long
Claſs of Plants with perfect Flowers, which are fuc- Spike of Flowers, which grow pretty cloſe to the
ceeded by ſingle naked Seeds.
Stalk, and are ſmaller than thoſe of the ſweet Agri-
The Characters of this Genus are exhibited in the Gar-
mony; ſo that the Plants may be eaſily diſtinguiſhed
deners Dictionary.
at a Diſtance; and when near, the Scent of this is
much more agreeable than that of the common Sort,
The Species here repreſented is,
a, repreſents the Flower expanded, with its Five
AGRIMONIA odorata, Camer. Hort. Inſt. R. H. 301.
Leaves ; which is encompaffed by an Empalement
Sweet-ſcented Agrimony. This is by Caſpar Bau- conſiſting of one Leaf, deeply divided into Five
bin titled Eupatorium odoratum. Pin. 321. There is acute Parts, upon which the Embryo fits, which
alſo another Species of ſweet Agrimony mentioned afterward becomes a Seed, which is repreſented at b,
by Doctor Moriſon in his Hiſtory, by the Title of with its Covering having a Burry-top; whereby it
Eupatorium odoratum fantonenſe ſeu Blefenſe, Agrimonia will faften itſelf to the Cloaths of Perſons, who paſs
mediæ modo odorato. Vol. II. p. 614. and by Doctor cloſe to the Plants when the Seeds are ripe.
Tournefort it is titled Agrimonia Santonenfis odorata.
Inft. R. H. 301. If this is a different Plant from This is the fecond Sort mentioned in the Gardeners
that which is here repreſented, I have not had the Dictionary. The common Agrimony is well known by
good Fortune to meet with it as yet; for the Plants all the Herb-folks, ſo will need no Deſcription; there
which I have raiſed from Seeds, which were ſent me fore I have omitted it here. It grows wild upon Banks
from the Royal Garden at Paris, and from other near Woods and Hedges in molt Parts of England, and
Gardens, have always proved to be the ſame with is there gathered and brought to the Markets : The Dif-
that here figured : And Doctor Moriſon, and thoſe ference between that, and the Plant here repreſented, is
other Authors who have mentioned the Sort which not fo great, but that by the Figure any Perſon, who
grows near Blois, make no Difference in the Habit of is unacquainted with Plants, may eaſily diftinguiſh the
the Two Plants, but only ſay the Sort here figured common Agrimony from any other Plant which is found
has a ſtronger and more agreeable Scent than that of growing naturally in the Fields,
Blois; therefore that is not fufficient to make a ſpe- The Virtues of the common Agrimony have been fully
cific Difference between them. Doctor Linnæus has ſet forth by all the Writers on the Materia Medica. The
joined this species, and alſo that with White Flowers, whole Plant has been recommended for Ufe. A di-
and the oriental Agrimony of Doctor Tournefort, to ftilled Water of the Leaves and Flowers of the Plant
the common Sort, making them only Varieties of the has been long eſtabliſhed as a Shop Medicine ; and a
Syrup

PIV
မယ်။
AGRIMONIA odorata Camer?



PI XVI
Fig. 2
a
Fig.1
Fig.1. ALATERNUS 4, Cluf. Hijp . 56
Fig.2. ALATERNUS feu Phylica folüs
angustioribus À profundius ferratis HL
Published aawling to stot by P. Miller May 27.166
B. Johny soup


Pl XVII
c
ALCEA folio rotundo łaciniato. 0.2.P.316
Publiked according to act by & Millor. May of op
Ta Jefferys seep

LI
IT
Syrup made of the Juice of the Plant, is by ſome greatly Wood-forrel, is added to it, theſe will make a pleaſant,
recommended in Diſeaſes ariſing from the Weakneſs of wholfome Drink, for thoſe who have a Thirſt; as I can,
the Liver. The Qualities aſcribed to this plant are; from long Experience, myſelf certify.
it warms, dries, cleanſes, binds, and ſtrengthens ; it This flowers in June and July, and the Seeds are ripe
is alſo eſteemed as a good vulnerary Herb.
in September: The Roots are perennial, but the Leaves
The Sweet Agrimony makes a very pleaſant Tea; decay in Autumn.
and if a little of the Round-leav'd Sørrel, or of the common
P L A T
E
XVI.
ALATERNUS, Tourn. Inf. R. H. 595. Tab. 366. Raii otherwiſe they are frequently broken down by Snow,
Melb. 154. Cluf. Hifp. 56.
and ſtrong Winds; and are therefore not much eſteemed
for Plantations in open Expoſures, as they generally
The STAFF.TREE.
grow very rude, and ſpread their Branches to a great
HIS Genus is by Doctor Tournefort placed in his Diſtance from their Stems.
Twentieth Claſs of Trees and Shrubs with a
Flower of One Leaf, whoſe Pointal becomes a ſoft Fig. 2. repreſents the ALATERNUS Seu Phylica foliis an-
Fruit or Berry, inclofing hard Seeds. Mr. Ray places
guftioribus ferratis, H. L. The Narrow-leav'a Alater-
it in his Claſs of Trees and Shrubs bearing Berries nus, deeply faw'd on their Edges. This is the ALA-
incloſing ſeveral hard Seeds. Doctor Linnæus has joined TERNUS Monſpeliaca foliis profundius inciſis. H. R. Par.
this, the Berry-bearing Alder, the Paliurus, and Zizi- There is a Variety of this Sort with Silver-ſtriped
pbus, to the Rbamnus, including them all in the ſame Leaves, which is pretty much cultivated in the Nur-
Genus. But if we allow the Fruit to be a characteriſtic
feries near London; and is uſually planted againſt
Note of the Genera, theſe cannor, with any Syſtem, be
Walls or Buildings, to cover them, but this is not
joined together; nor indeed can it be well done by ſo hardy as the plain Green-leav'd, the Plants being
thoſe who take their Diſtinctions from the Flowers only; frequently injured by fevere Froſt, where they are
for the Rhamnus is Male and Female in different Plants. expoſed to the North or Eaſt Winds.
The Berry-bearing Alder hath its Flowers divided into
Five Parts, and each Berry contains Two Seeds. The The Second Sort here figured grows more erect than
Paliurus hath Three Styles in the Flower, and a com- the Firſt, and the Branches grow more compact; which
preffed bordered dry fruit. The Ziziphus hath Two being fuller garniſhed with Leaves, make a much better
Styles in the Flower, and the Fruit hath Two Cells. Appearance than the other; therefore may be admitted
The Alaternus hath a trifid Stigma, and Three Seeds in into the Plantations of ever-green Trees; tho' theſe are
each Berry, therefore it muſt
be kept in a ſeparate Ge- liable to have their Branches
broken or diſplaced, by
nus from the other.
great Snows in Winter, eſpecially when it falls in a Calm;
The Characters of this Genus are exhibited in the for if there is much Wind ſtirring at the Time when the
Gardeners Dictionary.
Snow falls, it will ſhake off the Snow, and prevent its
lodging on the Branches in ſuch Quantities as by its
The Species here repreſented are,
Weight to ſplit off the Branches.
Fig. 1. ALATERNUS 1. Cluf
. Hiſp. 56. The Staff-tree, their Greenhouſes, for the Tea-tree; and do frequently
Some of the Dutch Gardeners preſerve this plant in
or common Broad-leav'd Alaternus, commonly called fell the Plants as fuch to thoſe who are ignorant, or who
by the Gardeners Phillyrea. Caſpar Baubin titles it fend to Holland for Tea Plants.
Pbylica elatior, Pin. 476. And John Baubin, in his
Hiſtory of Plants, Vol. 1. p. 542. calls it Spina Bourgi the South of France; and have been long Inhabitants of
Both theſe Sorts grow naturally in Spain, Italy, and
Monſpelienſium.
the Engliſh Gardens. They grow to the Height of
There is another Species of this, with a ſmaller Leaf, Eighteen or Twenty Feet, and ſpread their Branches
which is deſcribed by Clufius, and the Two Baubins; but pretty wide on every Side; ſo that unleſs the lower
this is not very common in the Engliſh Gardens at pre- Branches are pruned off, the Plants will be buſhy from
fent; nor is the plain Green Sort, here figured, much the Ground upward.
cultivated in the Nurſeries; for the Blotched-leav'd (or The Berries of this Second Sort are gathered in the
what is commonly termed) the Strip'd Phillyrea, is what South of France, and are ſent to England by the Name
the Gardeners do chiefly propagate, but the Sale for of French or Avignon Berries, which afford an excellent
theſe Plants having greatly diminiſhed within a few Yellow Dye or Paint.
Years paft, there are but few of theſe Plants in the Theſe Plants flower in April, and their Berries are
Nurſeries, in compariſon to what was ſome Years paſt, ripe the Beginning of September. The Birds are ſo fond
when the great Uſe of them was to cover Walls and of theſe Berries, as to devour them as ſoon as they are
Buildings; for their Branches require to be fupported, ripe, if they are not gathered, or protected from them.
0
P L Α Τ Ε XVII.
ALCEA, Tourn. Inf. R. H. 97. Tab. 25. Raü Meth. 86. many Cells. Doctor Linnæus places it in his Sixteenth
Malva, Lin. Gen. Plant. 751.
Claſs, intituled Monodelpbia, from the Pointal and Sta-
mina being joined in One Body. And Doctor Van Royen
VERVAIN Mallow.
gives the Title of Columnifere to this Claſs of Plants,
HIS Genus of Plants is by Doctor Tournefort becaufe the Parts of Generation are joined in Form of
Plants, intituled, Herbs with a Bell-ſhaped Flower of One The Diſtinction between Aleea and Malva, according
Leaf from tbe Bottom whereof there ariſes a Twin that to Caſpar Baubin, Ray, Tournefort, and moſt of the
receives the Pointal, wbich changes to a Frait conſiſting of Botanilts of the laſt Century, is in the Leaves of Alcea
being
of

( 12 )
being deeply cut and jagged, ſomewhat like thoſe of nerally ſuppoſed to be the ſame with that which is ſtiled
the V ervain, and this hath occafioned the Engliſh Title ſo in Germany, and has, by Mr. Ray and others, been
of Vervain Mallow : But Doctor Linnæus has made the taken for it; but that is a much larger Plant, and the
characteriſtic Note of Aicea that of the outer Empale- Leaves are broader, and not divided near ſo much as
ment of the Flower being of One Leaf, cut into Six our common Sort about London ; fo that although Mr.
Parts; and that of the Mallow being of Three Leaves; Ray mentions both Sorts, yet, by his Deſcription of the
ſo that, by his Diſtinction, the Plant here figured ſhould Plants, it is doubtful if he had ſeen that of Caſpar Bau-
be placed with the Mallows; and the Hollyhock, which bin, becauſe he does not mention the Particulars in which
Tournefort calls Alcea Roſea, remains under this Title of that differs from the curled Narrow-leav'd Sort ; for
Alcea alone : But as theſe Plants have been long known that Plant grows near twice the Height, the Leaves
in the Diſpenſaries by the Title of Alcea, I have choſen twice as large, as are alſo the Flowers; and the Divi-
to continue it under that Genus.
fions of the Leaves are few, and the Segments broad;
The Characters of the Genus are exhibited in the and the whole Plant is rougher than our common Sort.
Gardeners Dictionary.
I have found that Species mentioned by Caſpar Baubin,
in Warwickſbire and Staffordſhire ; but do not remember
The Species here figured is,
to have ſeen it growing naturally in any other County
in England.
ALCEA, folio rotundo laciniato. C. B. P. 318. The round It is feldom uſed in Medicine; but the Virtues are
Cut-leav'd Vervain Mallow. This is by Fabius Columna generally fnppoſed to be nearly the ſame as thoſe of
titled Malva montana five Alcea rotundifolia laciniata. the common Mallow, but leſs emollient.
Par. 1. p. 148. Doctor Linnæus calls it Malva foliis The Sort here figured feldom grows more than a
radicalibus reniformibus inciſis, caulinis quinquepartitis, Foot and an half high; the Stalks grow. erect, and do
pinnato-multifidis. Hort. Upſal. 202.
not branch out much on their Sides; the Leaves are
finely cut; and the Flowers are larger, and of a deeper
This is the Third Species in the Gardeners Dictionary. Colour, than thoſe of the common Sort: It grows na-
a, repreſents the Flower expanded; b, ſhews an intire turally on the Mountains in Italy, and the South of
Fruit, incloſed by the inner Empalement of the Flower, France; and is only to be found in Gardens in Eng-
which is permanent; c, a fingle Seed taken out of the land.
The Alcea flowers in June and July, and the Seeds are
The Alcea vulgaris major, C. B. P. is the Species which ripe in September: Their Roors will continue Two or
is ordered to be uſed in Medicine; but that Sort is not Three Years upon dry Ground; but in moiſt Places
very common to be met with in England; that which they feldom continue longer than One Year; for their
grows naturally near London is the Alcea tenuifolia criſpa. Roots ſhoot deep into the Ground, and if they meet
9. B. which being the common Sort here, has been ge- with Moiſture, they foon decay.
Cover.
P L Α Τ Ε
XVIII.
ment.
ALCHEMILLA, Tourn. Inft. R. H. 508. Tab. 289. Raii a, repreſents a ſingle Flower, ſeparated from the
Meth. 23. Alchemilla. Lin. Gen. Plant. 153.
Cluſter; b, ſhews the Four Stamina; C, the Empale-
ment of the Flower,
LADIES MANTLE.
THIS Genus of Plants is by Doctor Tournefort Fig. 2. Alchemilla vulgaris. C. B. P. 219. Tourn.
ranged
in the Second Section of his Fifteenth
Inft. 538. Cluf. Hiſt. 108. The common Ladies Mantle.
Claſs, intituled Herbs with ſtamineous Flowers, whoſe
Fohn Baubin calls it Pes leonis, five Alchemilla. Hift. 2.
Lib. 17. p. 598. Doctor Linnæus, in the Catalogue
Pointal becomes a Seed incloſed in the Empalement. Mr.
of Mr. Clifford's Garden, titles it Alchemilla foliis pal-
Ray places it is his Fifth Claſs of Plants with ſtamineous
matis ; and in his Flora Lapponica, Alchemilla foliis
Flowers, having naked Seeds wrapped up in the Empale-
fimplicibus ; but in his Flora Sueicia he calls it Alcbe-
And Doctor Linnæus places it in his Fourth
milla foliis lobatis.
Claſs of Plants, intituled Tetrandria Monogynia, i. e.
Plants whoſe Flowers have Four Stamina, and One
In the North of England it is called Bears-foot: This
Germen.
The Flowers of this Genus have no Petals
, but the of England, but eſpecially in the Northern Counties.
Sort grows naturally on moiſt Meadows in many Parts
Parts of Generation are furrounded by the Empale- It flowers in May and June : The Roots are perennial,
ment, which, after the Seeds are formed, do cloſely fur- and ſpread very wide, when they are in a moiſt Soil:
round them; fo theſe Sorts of Plants are generally The Leaves grow upon ſlender Pedicles, ariſing from
termed Plants with Apetalous Flowers ; and by ſome the Root:
The Flower-Items rife about a Foot high;
they are called Blink Flowers,
The Characters of this Genus are exhibited in the thoſe below, but ſmaller, one coming out at every Joint
The Characters of this Genus are exhibited in the and are cloathed with Leaves of the fame Shape with
Gardeners Dictionary.
of the Stalk: The Flowers are produced in Cluſters
The Species here repreſented are,
at the Top, which are green; but the Summits are of
a yellow Colour
Fig. 1. ALCHEMILLA Alpina pubeſcens minor. H. R. Par. This Plant is eſteemed as a good Vulnerary, being
Inft. R. H. 508. Smaller hoary Ladies Mantle of the drying and binding: It is frequently preſcribed in Wound
Alps. This is the Alchemilla minor birſuta cinericea Ita- Drinks. The Leaves of the plant are chiefly uſed; and
lica. Barrel. Icon. Doctor Linnæus has fuppoſed this theſe are brought over from Switzerland, mix'd with
Plant to be only a Variety of the Alpine Ladies Mantle their common vulnerary Herbs.
of Sweden ; but it is undoubtedly a diſtinct Species.
PLATE

PETITE
웨
​Fig.
Fig.1. ALCHIMILLA alpina pubefccns miner HR.Por
Fig 2. ALCHIMILLA vulgarii 0.8.8. 3.g.



Pl. XIX
ALOE
Africana, folis planis latioribus, conjugatis,carinatis flore rubro.
Peleshed amending on the baby Peter Jaa 25-935.
I goffage such.


PL I
Fig
b
Fig.
Fig.1. ALYSSON Creticum saxatile folis undulatis incanis Toum.Cor. 15.
Fig2. ALYSSON Alpinum
Alpinum hirsutum luteum Joum Inst».a
20led anording to likes tot Miller fare 17
I forgale

[ 13 ]
PL Α Τ Ε
XIX.
ALOE, Tourn. Inft. R. H. 366. Tab. 191. Raii Method. 117. of the Species of Plants, fuppofes but Nine Sorts of
Boerb. Ind. Plant. Par. 2. 128. Lin. Gen. Plant. 389. Aloe, which are ſpecifically diftinct; fo has joined Five
or Six Plants as Varieties under the ſame ſpecific Title,
ALOES.
many of which are as different in their Habit as can pof-
HIS Genus of Plants is by Doctor Tournefort Stems, which reſemble Trees, while others are very
fibly be imagined; fome of them growing with all
ranged in the Second Section of his Ninth humble Plants, rarely riſing with Stems above Three
Clafs, intituled, Herbs with a Lily Flower of
or Four Inches high. The Leaves of ſome of the Sorts
One Leaf, cut into Six Segments, whoſe Empalement turns
to a Fruil, baving Three Cells, which are filled with Seed. others have broad thick fucculent Leaves, with ſcarce
are very long, narrow, and greatly fawed on their Edges;
Mr. Ray places it in his Twenty-third Claſs of Plants, any Serratures on their Edges. Some have Spines on
which
isintituled, Herbs with Graſs Leaves, bearing Flowers, both Sides their Leaves; others have no Spines; fo that
and a three-cornered Seed-veſſel. Doctor Linnæus places it there can be no doubt of their being diſtinct Species ;
in his Sixth Claſs, titled, Hexandria Monogynia, i. e. Plants for all thoſe Sorts which have produced Seeds in England,
whoſe Flowers have Six Stamina, and One Germen. which have been fown, have conſtantly produced Plants
Doctor Boerhaave ranges it under his Claſs of Plants nearly in Shape to their parent Plants, having only dif-
which ariſe from Seeds with a fingle Leaf.
Doctor Linnæus has divided the Plants, which have fered in the Size or Thickneſs of their Leaves; and
always been included in this Genus, into Two different never varied fo much in their Form of Growth, as to
Genera: To one he continues the Title of Aloe ; and render it difficult to know their parent Plants.
the other he calls Agave. Under the Firſt he ranges all the Horſe Aloes is procured, with the Succotrine Aloe
,
The Doctor has joined the American Alce, from which
thoſe whofe Flowers are tubulous, and the Stamina are making them only Varieties of the fame Species; to
no longer than the Tube of the Flower : And thoſe with which he has added Fifteen other Soris, all differing
a Funnel-ſhaped Flower, whoſe Stamina are ſtretched
out beyond the Petals, he places under the Title Agave; alſo in their Flowering; fo that whoever conſiders theſe
greatly in Form, Size, and Make of their Leaves, as
ſo that the common great Aloe, and all thoſe other Plants with any Degree of Accuracy, muft allow them
Sorts, whole Center leaves are cloſely folded over each
to be ſo many Species.
other, and flower but once, come under this Genus.
The Two Sorts of Aloe, from whence the Shop Aloes
The Characters of this Genus are exhibited in the Gar- is extracted, are, 1. Aloe Succotrina, anguſtifolia, ſpinoſa,
deners Dialionary.
flore purpureo. Com. Hort. 1. p. 91. the narrow prickly-
The Species here repreſented is,
leav'd Aloe of Zuccotra, with a purple Flower. From
this Plant the beſt Sort of Aloes is extracted; which is
"Aloe Africana foliis planis latioribus, conjugatis, cari- done by cutting off the Leaves near the Srem, and fuf-
natis, fobro, i. e. African Aloe with broad plain pending them by Threads, with the Part which is cut
feſhy Leaves joined cloſely together, and a Red downwards, placing an earthen Veffel under them, to
Flower, commonly called the broadeft leav'd Tongued receive the Juice as it falls from the Leaves, which is o
a yellowith Colour when it drops out firſt; but, as if
dries and hardens, becomes much darker. This Juice
This Sort was raiſed from Seeds, which came from which drops without Expreſſion is the pureſt Kind of
the Cape of Good Hope ſeveral Years ago; but I have not Aloes. After this they preſs the Leaves, and get out a
found it mentioned in any of the Catalogues of Plants great Quantity of Juice, which is generally mixed with
yet printed. It is the Twenty-lixth Sort mention'd in the the Pulp of the Plant, fo produces a very coarſe Sort
Gardener's Dialionary, and approaches near to the of Aloes, which is known in the Shops by the Name of
Twenty third and Twenty-fifth Sorts there mentioned; Aloe Caballina. This Sort is feldom uſed in Medicine,
but the Leaves are much broader than either of them; but is given to Horſes; as is alſo that which is extracted
and the Spots on the Leaves are very faint, and the Co- from the other Sort of Aloe, called Vulgaris by Caſpar
lour of the Leaves much paler; however, it is difficult to Baubin. This is a Native of the West Indies, from
determine if it is a diſtinct Species from them, tho' there whence the Aloes is brought, which is generally known
is great Probability of its being ſo; becauſe I have twice in the Shops by the Title of Barbadoes Alves, tho it is
raiſed the Plants from Seeds, which have always proved common in moſt of the other Illands.
to be the ſame. Doctor Linnæus, in his Enumeration
Aloe.
XX.
PL LA Τ Ε
ALYSSON, Tourn. Inft. R.H. 216. Raii Method. Plant. 95. The Characters of Alyſjon are exhibited in the Gara
Boerb Ind. Alt. 2. 3. Alyſjum, Lin. Gen. Plant. 722. deners Dillionary.
MADWORT.
The Species here repreſented are,
HIS Genus of Plants is by Doctor Toarnefort Fig. 1. Alysson Creticum faxatile, foliis undulatis incanis.
ranged in the Fifth Section of his Fifth Claſs, in- Tourn. Cor. Candy Rock Madwort, with waved hoary
tituled, Herbs with a Flower in Form of a Croſs, whoſe Leaves. a, is one of the Flowers ſeparated from
Peintal becomes a Fruit, divided into Two Parts by an in- the Panicle, which repreſents the Four Leaves placed
termediate Partition parallal to the Valves. Mr. Ray places in Form of a Crofs; b, the Seed-veffel, which is
it in his Twentieth Claſs of Plants, which he titles, ſhort and gibboſe; c, the Seed taken out of the
Herbs with a Flower of Four Leaves, ſucceeded by Pods: Veffel. This is titled by Doctor Van Royen, in the
And Doctor Boerbaave places it in his Claſs, intituled, Prodromus to the Leyden Garden, Alyſſum caulibus fru-
Herbs with a Flower of Four Leaves, fucceeded by tefcentibus paniculatis, foliis lanceolatis undulatis integris,
ſhort Pods. Doctor Linnæus has altered the Name to
p. 331. i.e. Madwort with ſhrubby Stalks, Flowers
Alyfjum, and has placed it in his Fifteenth Claſs of Plants, growing in Panicles, and whole Spear-ſhaped Leaves,
intituled, Teiradynamia filiculoſa, i.e. Plants whoſe Flowers which are waved. Doctor Linnæus has continued the
have Six Stamina, Four long, and Two ſhorter, which fame Title to it in his Enumeration of the Species of
are fucceeded by fhort Pods. To this Genus the Doctor Plants. This is the Firſt Sort mentioned in the Gar-
has joined the Alyſſoides, and Veficaria, of Tournefort ; deners Dillionary,
but as the Seed-veffels of both theſe are ſwelled like a
Bladder blown, and thofe of Alyſon are compreſſed, It was diſcovered by Doctor Tournefort, in the Iſland
they ſhould not be included in the fame Genus. of Candy, from whence he fent the Seeds to the Rayal
Num. IV.
Gerda
D

[ 14 ]
Garden at Paris, where it was cultivated firſt, and finceracter of this Genus he makes to conſiſt of the Flower
has been diſtributed to moſt of the curious Gardens in having no Style ; whereas thoſe of Alvſjon have a very
Europe; and is preſerved as an ornamental Plant for perfect one. In his Flora Lapponica, and his Enume-
Gardens. It flowers in April and May, and ripens its ration of the Species of Plants, he calls this, Draba ſcapa
Seeds in June. It is very hardy in reſpect to Cold, pro- nudo implici, foliis lanceolatis integerrimis. Flor. Lap. 255.
vided it is planted in a dry Soil; for in wet Land it is Sp. Plant. 624. This is the Third Species mentioned
apt to rot in Winter; or if it is planted in rich Ground, in the Gardeners Dillionary. It begins to flower early
it is apt to grow very rank in Summer ; and being full in March, and continues moft Part of April in Power,
of Sap, the Froſt will ſometimes deſtroy thoſe Plants if it is planted in a ſhady Situation. The Flower ftem
in Winter; but where they grow upon Walls, or a rub- feldom rifes more than Two Inches high; the Plant
biſhy Soil, they are rarely injured by Cold, and the ſhoots out Heads on its Sides, ſomewhat like the
Roots will continue many Years.
Houfleek; from whence I ſuppoſe the old Authors placed
it with them. Theſe Heads grow cloſe to the Ground,
Fig. 2. Alysson Alpinum, birſutum luteum. Tourn. Inft
. and form a clofe Bunch of Heads, each of them putting
R. H. 217. Yellow hairy Madwort of the Alps. out a Flower-ftem in the Spring; ſo that when there are
a, repreſents the Flower with Four Leaves, placed in many of the Heads in One Bunch, the Number of
Form of a Crofs; b, the Seed-veffel, which is divided Flower-ſtems being the fame, it makes a pretty Appear-
into Two Cells by an intermediate Partition. ance when the Flowers are open ; whereas when the
This Plant is by Caſpar Baubin titled, Sedum Alpinum they make no Shew at a Diſtance. It is a Native of the
Heads are ſeparated, being only fingle Flower-ſtems,
birſutum luteum. Pin. 284. i. e. Yellow hairy Houſeek of Alps, and has been long preſerved in many curious Gar-
the Alps'; and by Lobel it is titled, Sedum petreum mon- dens, where, if it hath a fhady Situation, the Seeds will
tanum. Icon. 381. Doctor Linnæus has feparated this, ripen well; but as it propagates very faſt by Off-fets,
and ſome other species, from this Genus, and has placed the Seeds are feldom regarded.
them under that of Draba. The diſtinguiſhing Cha-
PL Α Τ Ε
beton
XXI.
AMARANTHOIDES, Tourn. Inſt. R. H. 654. Tab. 420. Doctor Linnæus has changed the Name of this Genus
Raii Meth. Plant. 25. Amaranthoides, Boerb. Ind. -to Gompbrena, and titles this Species, Gomphrena caule
Plant. 2. 99. Caraxeron, Vaill
. Acad. Reg. Sc. 1722. erecto, foliis ovato-lanceolatis, capitulis ſolitariis, pedunculis
Gomphrena, Lin. Gen. Plant. 279.
diphyllis. Hort. Cliff. 86. Spec. Plant. 224.
GLOBE AMARANTHUS.
The Plant here repreſented is a Native in India, from
THIS Genus of Plants was conſtituted by Father Year 1670, where the Plants were raiſed in ſome cu-
whence the Seeds were brought to Holland, about the
Plumier; it are
rious and Seeds
Doctor Tournefort, in the Appendix to his Inftitutions of of the curious Gardens from thence; but this Plant was
Botany, p. 654. and, according to his Syſtem, ſhould not common in the Engliſh Gardens till the Year 17253
be placed in his Twelfth Claſs of Plants with flofculous but is now become one of the great Ornaments of the
Flowers, whoje Flowers are cut into equal Parts, each Gardens in Autumn.
having a proper Empalement. Mr. Ray places it in his
There is a Variety of this Plant, which is common in
Fifth Claſs of Plants with ſtamineous Flowers, whoſe Seeds fome of the American Iſlands, and is by many ſuppoſed
are incloſed by the Empalement. Mr. Vaillant has placed to be the ſame with this, but all thoſe Plants which
this under his Claſs of Plants which he titled Dipſacea, have been raiſed in the Engliſh Gardens from the Seeds
which is a confuſed Jumble of Plants joined together, which were brought from America, have ſmaller and
many of which have no Affinity. Doctor Linnæus places Aatter Heads; the Plants branch out more, and do
it in the Second Diviſion of his F fth Claſs of Plants, not grow ſo upright as thoſe from India ; the Flowers
intituled Pentandria Digynia, i. e. Plants whoſe Flowers
come much later in the Year, ſo that their Seeds ſeldom
have Five Stamina, and Two Styles. The Syſtem of come to Maturity in England; therefore I have added
Botany which the Doctor
has eſtabliſhed, of claſling the the Epithet of capitulis majoribus to this plant, to diſtin-
Plants by the Organs of Generation in their Flowers, re- guiſh it from the American, which never produces Heads
duces this Genus under the Claſs here mentioned, which
more than half the Size of this, in the Places where it
joins it to many other Genera, which, by all former naturally grows.
Methods, were ſeparated to a great Diſtance; and the
moſt natural Place for this Genus is with thoſe Plants Fig. 2. AMARANTHOides lychnidis folio, capitulis ar-
where Tournefort has claffed it; as the Heads are com- genteis majoribus. Tourn. Inft. R. H. 654. Globe Ama-
poſed of many flofculous Flowers, each of which is fuc- ranthus, with a Lychnis Leaf, and larger Silver Heads.
ceeded by a ſimple Seed.
This Sort is figured by Doctor Breynius, in his Firſt
The Characters of this Genus are exhibited in the
Century of Plants, p. 109. Icon, 51. And in the next
Gardeners Dictionary.
Plate he gives the Figure of another Species, which
he titles, Amarantho affinis Braſiliana, glomeratis parviſ-
The Species here exhibited are,
que flofculis. Icon. 52. The Seeds of this Species I
have ſeveral times received from America, and have
Fig. 1. AMARANTHOIDES lychnidis folio, capitulis pur-
pureis majoribus. Globe Amaranthus, with a Leaf of conſtantly obſerved the ſame Difference between the
Lychnis, and larger Purple Heads. a, ſhews the Flowers and Plants of this, and thoſe with Silver
Two-leav'd Empalement, which is hollow like a Gut-
Heads from India, which is here figured, as there is
ter, and cloſely embraces the Floret b, which is di- in thoſe with the Purple Heads before mentioned ;
ſo that if the Difference between them is not fufficient
vided at the Top into many equal Parts, and after-
wards ſucceeds the Seed c, ſo cloſely, as with Dif-
to conſtitute them different Species, they are Varieties
ficulty to be ſeparated.
which conſtantly continue the ſame from Seeds; there-
fore thoſe which come from America are not worth
This is the Firſt Species mentioned in the Gardeners cultivating in England, as their Flowers are not near
Dillionary. By Doctor Breynius this Plant is titled, Ama- ſo large or beautiful as thoſe from India ; nor do the
rantbo affinis, altera Species, five flore purpureo. Cent. 1. Plants produce half the Number of Heads.
And by Doctor Commelin, in the Amſterdam Gar-
den, it is titled, Amarantho affinis, India Orientalis, floribus Doctor Linnæus makes them but One Species, that
glomeratis, Ocymoides folio. p. 1. 85. In England it is with Silver, and the other with Purple Heads. Indeed,
commonly called Globe Amaranthus, or Eternal Flower; the Colour is not fufficient to make them different Spe-
and by the French, Immortal, becauſe the Flowers will cies; tho' they never vary from their Colour, but always
continue their Beauty a long time, if they are gathered continue the ſame as the parent Plants from which their
in Maturity, and preſerved in a dry Place.
Seeds are taken.
This
IIO.

Fig. 1
Fig
ngen AMARANTHOIDES. Cibuidos polo aptabelis poropterea majoribus
tij, 0. AMARANTHOLDES, Kgohnidés folis capitulos argentos magvoribus bonum obat asa.
el anaknya akan mere



7
AMANANTHUS nacemis cylindricis lateralibus cruciati in
im poſsitis


AMARYLLIS apatha multiflora corollis campanulatis marginibus reftarris genitalibus dolinalis

[ 15 ]
This Sort is leſs common in the Engliſh Gardens than beds
, they will be in full Beauty by the Beginning of
that with the purple Heads. I received the Seeds of this July, and continue till the End of September, or the Be-
Sort from Holland, in the Year 1722, fince which time ginning of flober; when the Seeds will be ripe, which
it has been preſerved in ſeveral curious Gardens; but ſhould then be cut off, and the Seeds preſerved in the
that with purple Heads, making a finer Appearance, is Heads till the Seaſon for fowing them; but they ſhould
by moſt Perfons preferred to the White; tho' ſome of be kept in a dry, warm Room, otherwiſe the Steds
the White being intermixed with them, adds to the Va- will not grow.
riety. They are both very ornamental Plants in a Gar- The uſual Height to which theſe Plants grow is
den; they begin to fhew their Flowers early in June, about Two Feet and an half; and, when they are not
provided the Seeds are fown in Marcb; and if the Plants too much drawn in the Hot-beds, they will form them-
are brought forward, by being removed into Two Hot- felves into regular handſome Plants.
T!
PLA A T E XXII.
AMARANTHUS, Tourn. Inf. R. H. 234. Tab. 118. Raii ſtanding almoſt horizontal; in which Particular it differs
Method. Plant. 25. Lin. Gen Plant. 941, from all the other Species of this Genus; for ſome of
them have upright, and others pendulous Spikes : fome
AMARANTHUS, or FLOWER GENTLE.
of which are ſo long as to trail upon the Ground, tho'
THIS Genus of Plants is by Dr. Tournefort ranged they are produced from the Top of Plants which are
in his Sixth Claſs, which is titled, Herbs with a generally upward of Two Feet high: Theſe Spikes are
Roſe flower, wboſe Pointal becomes a Seed-veſſel, having One commonly but ſender, which are ſtretched out to fuch
Cell
, wbicb
opens tranſverſy in Two Parts
. Mr. Ray places Lengths.
it in his Fifth Claſs of Plants with apetalous Flowers,
The Spikes of the Plant here repreſented are not ſo
wboſe Empalement incloſes the Seeds. Doctor Linnæus re- regularly cylindrical as are thoſe of the other Species,
moves this Genus to a great Diſtance from thoſe of its but have ſeveral Swellings in different Parts, which,
Congeners, placing it in his Twenty-firſt Claſs of Plants, together with the Manner in which they are produced,
intituled, Monacia Pentandria, from there being Male
and do fufficiently diftinguiſh it from all the other Species
Female Flowers in the fame Spikes, and the Male of this Genus.
Flowers having Five Stamina: But this is not regular
This Plant muſt be raiſed on an Hot-bed in the
in all the Species, for ſome have Three, and the others Spring, otherwiſe it will not perfect Seeds in England,
Five Stamina ; and this often occurs in the fame Plant. but they ſhould not be too much drawn by the Glaffes,
The Amaranıbus Criſtatus, commonly called Cockſcomb for that will cauſe them to run up weak, and then they
Amarant bus, is placed by Doctor Linnæus in his Fifth never make ſo good an Appearance, as when they are
Claſs of Plants, as theſe have hermaphrodite Flowers brought up more hardily. In June they may be planted
only: ſo that theſe Plants, which, by moſt of the Writers into the open Borders; or if they are deſigned for Pots,
on Botany, have been included in the fame Genus, are to place among other annual Plants in Courts, they
now removed to a great Diſtance from each other. ſhould be potted, and ſhaded from the Sun until they
The Title which the Doctor has given to that Genus have taken Root; after which time they may be re-
is Celoſia.
moved into the open Air, and placed where they are de-
ſigned to remain. The fame Culture which the Cockf-
The Species here repreſented is,
comb uſually has will agree with this, only it may be
AMARANTHUS, racemis cylindricis lateralibus cruciatimpo- treated more hardily.
fitis, i. e. Amaranthus with cylindrical Spikes, pro-
It is in Beauty from the Middle of June till the Froſt
duced from the Wings of the Leaves, in Form of in Autumn puts an End to it. The Seeds will ripen
a Croſs. a, repreſents a Flower ; b, the Seed.
toward the End of September, when they ſhould be
taken before the Froſt injures them.
The Seeds of this Plant were ſent from the Babama Moſt of the Species of Amaranthus are in all the hot
Iſlands; but it is not certain whether it is a Native of Countries uſed as culinary Plants: The Seeds of ſeveral
thoſe 10ands, or has been brought thither from ſome of them have been ſent to England, with Advice to
other Country; however, it is now in ſo great Plenty propagate them for the fame Purpoſe here; but as Spi-
there, as to be eaten by the Inhabitants as a boiled Sal. nach, and ſome other eſculent Plants, are cultivated
lad; and, ſo far as I can learn, it is cultivated in their with greater Eaſe, and alſo much preferable to the
Gardeos; tho' in thoſe warm Countries, where the Seeds others; there are few Perſons ſo fond of thoſe Novel-
ripen well, thefe Plants will ſoon overſpread the Ground, ties, as to prefer them to thoſe which are commonly
where their Seeds are permitted to ſcatter, and become brought to the London Markets: Indeed, in thoſe Coun-
very troubleſome Weeds.
tries where other eſculent Plants are ſcarce, theſe may
This Plant will grow to the Height of Three Feet, be eſteemed; but where Spinach, Cabbage, and many
and produces many Spikes of a bright Purple Colour, other eſculent Plants will thrive, there is not One Spe-
which come out from the Wings or Footſtalks of the cies of this Genus which is worthy of being propa-
Leaves, croſſing each other all the Length of the Plant, gated.
P L Α Τ Ε
XXIII.
AMARYLLIS, Lin.Gen. Plant. 367. Lilio-Narciſſus, Tourn. called either Lilies, or Narciſſus, as their Flowers have
R. H. 385. Tab. 207. Raii Method. Plant, 120. fome Affinity to both thefe Genera. This induced Dr.
Tournefort to make a new Genus of them; and as they
LILY DAFFODIL.
approached near to the Lily in fome Species, and in
HIS Genus of Plants is by Doctor Linnæus placed others to the Narciſſus, he compounded the Two Names
T!
in his Sixth Claſs of Plants, and in the Firſt of Lily and Narciſſus to Lilio- Narciſſus; but Doctor Lin-
Section of the Claſs, intituled, Hexandria Monogynia, i.e. naus, having rejected theſe compound Titles, has al-
Plants whoſe Flowers have Six Stamina, and One Style.tered it to Amaryllis, which is an ancient Name of a
Doctor Tournefort places it in the Fifth Section of his Plant.
Ninth Claſs, intituled, Plants with a Lily Flower, com-
poſed of Six Leaves, whoſe Empalement becomes a Fruit.
The Species here reprefented are,
Mr. Ray places it in his Twenty-third Claſs, which he AMARYLLIS Spatba multiflora, corollis campanulalis aqua-
titles, Herbs with graffy Leaves, bearing Flowers which libus, genitalibus declinatis, i. e. Amaryllis with many
have a tricapſular Seed-veffel.
Flowers included in the fame Cover, whoſe Flowers
By ſome of the old Writers on Botany, who have are equal, and Bell-ſhaped, having the Parts of Ge-
mentioned any of the Species of this Genus they are neration declined; commonly known in England be
tho

( 16]
the Name of Belladonna Lily. This is the Fifth Spe- ing Five, Six, or Seven Flowers at the Top, which are
cies mentioned in the Gardener's Diktionary. a a, re- in Shape like the common Red Lily, and near as large,
preſents the Spacha, or Cover, which includes the but of a ſoft purple Colour, inclining to white within.
Flower-buds, and opens in Two Parts when the fide toward the Bottom, having an agreeable Scent.
Flowers are near expanding. b, ſhews the Stamina If the Seaſon is favourable, or the Flowers are ſcreened
with the Style, which decline toward the lower Part from Froſt, which fometimes happens at that time of
of the Flower, but turn upward; fo that the Sum- the Year, as alſo from violent Winds, or heavy Rains,
mits and the Style approach nearly together. c, fhews they will continue in Beauty a Month, or longer; and
the bulbous Root, with the Leaves, which do not are very ornamental Plants to a Garden, at a Seaſon
appear till the Spring.
when there is a great Scarcity of Flowers; therefore
they are worthy of being propagated by all thoſe whoſe
This Plant is by Sir Hans Sloane intituled, Lilio-Nar. Delight is in Flowers.
ciſſus polyanthus, flore incarnato, fundo ex luteo-albeſcente. As theſe Flowers appear fo late in Autumn, they
Cat. Jam. 115. Doctor Tournefort ſuppoſed this was never produce any Seeds in England; therefore they can
the fame Plant which Profeffor Herman has figured in only be propagated by Off-ſets here, which is but a
the Paradiſus Batavus, under the Title of Lilium Ame- flow Method of increaſing their Roots; for they are too
ricanum puniceo flore, Belladonna diflum, and the Red Lily tender to live in open Borders in this country; therefore
of Du Tertre ; but he was miſtaken. The next Plate re- whoever propoſes to have theſe Flowers multiply with
preſents Profeffor Herman’s Plant; and the Red Lily of them, ſhould plant them in a warm Border, near a South
Du Tertre is a Third Species, different from both theſe. Wall, putting the Roots Six or Eight Inches deep in
The Title of Belladonna has been applied in differ- the Ground; and before the ſevere Froſt fecs in the
ent Countries to this Plant, and alſo to that mentioned Borders muſt be covered Four or Five Inches chick
by Sir Hans Sloane ; which may have occaſioned the with rotten Tanners bark, to prevent the Froſt from
Miftake made by Doctor Tournefort; the Plant which is penetrating the Ground: With this Management the
figured in this Plate being ſo called in Portugal and Italy; Roots will thrive, and in the Spring they will put out
whereas the other Sort was ſent from America to Holland, ftrong Leaves, which will remain flouriſhing till the
by the fame Name: But whoever attends to the De- End of June, when they will begin to decay; and foon
fcription of Herman's Plant, can have no doubt of its after they may be tranſplanted : But they ſhould not
being the ſame which is exhibited in the next Plate. be removed oftener than every third Year, if they are
This Plant, which is here repreſented, is ſaid to be expected to produce ſtrong Flowers ; nor ſhould they
gathered by Sir Hans Sloane, in the Illand of Barbadoes ; be planted in a moiſt Soil, for in ſuch their Bulbs will
and his Deſcription ſeems to be well enough adapted to rot in Winter,
this Plant; but from all the Intelligence I have been There is another Species of this Genus, which ap-
able to procure from the Inhabitants of the ſeveral proaches near to this here figured, but differs in having
American Inands, they have but Two Species of what a much paler Flower; and the Flowers are produced in
they call Lilies; One White, which is a Pancratium ; the Spring, whereas this always flowers in Autumn.
and the other Red, which is what I have before men- The Sort here mentioned was brought from the Cape of
tioned, and is a very different Species from this. The Good Hope, in the Year 1754, to Holland. Some of theſe
Plant here figured was brought to England from Por- Bulbs were ſent me by Doctor David Van Royen, the pre-
tugal, about the Year 1712, by a Gentleman who had fent Profeſſor of Botany at Leyden, which have produced
long reſided in that Country, who informed me that their Flowers in the Chelſea Garden ; and are in Shape
the Roots were brought from India into that Country, fo like that here figured (as are alſo the Leaves of the
and were propagated by ſome curious Perſons in their Plant), as not to be diſtinguiſhed therefrom, but by the
Gardens near Liſon; but whether from the Want of Colour, and the Time of its flowering,
Care to propagate them, or by their fending them from The Sort here figured is by the lialians called Nar-
thence to other countries, is not eaſy to determine, but ciſſus Belledonna, and is cultivated in great Plenty in the
there is a Scarcity of theſe Flowers now in Portugal, where Gardens about Florence; ſo that in the Autumn Seaſon
the Jacobea Lily is at preſent in greater Plenty, it is one of the greateſt Ornaments of their Gardens.
This Sort uſually flowers about the End of September, The Flowers are brought to Market there, and are uſed
or the Beginning of flober, in England; and, if the to adorn their Houſes and Churches; for at that Seaſon
Roots are ſtrong, the Stem will riſe upward of Two there is a Scarcity of other Flowers.
Feet high, being naked, and of a Purple Colour, hay-
T
E
XXIV.
PLAT
AMARYLLIS, Spatha multiflora, corollis campanulatis æqua- certain. It flowered in Mr. Fairchild's Garden at Hoxton
libus, marginibus undulatis, i. e. Amaryllis with many in 1728, when the late Doctor James Douglaſs cauſed a
Flowers incloſed in the ſame Spatba, or Cover, whoſe Figure of it to be drawn, and wrote a Folio Pamphlet on
Petals are equal, ſhaped like a Bell, and their Borders it. He gave it the Title of Lilium Regina, becauſe it
waved. This is commonly known in England by the was in full Beauty on the Firſt of March, which was the
Title of Mexican Lily. It is figured by Herman in late Queen's Birth-day. Mr. Fairchild told me the Roots
the Paradiſus Batavus; and is there titled, Lilium Ame- were brought from Mexico; ſo he gave it the Name of
ricanum puniceo flore, Belladonna dictum, p. 194. This Mexican Lily, which is ſtill continued to it by the Eng-
Title of Belladonna might probably lead Doctor Tour- liſh Gardeners.
nefort into the Miſtake of fuppofing it to be the ſame Doctor Herman ſays it came from the Caribbee Iſlands;
with that Species which is mentioned by Sir Hans Sloane but all the Roots which I have received from thoſe
in his Catalogue of American Plants; but if he had Inands, by the Title of Red Lily, are of a different Sort
attended to the Deſcription which Doctor Herman has from this.
given of his Plant, he would have found it to be It flowers conſtantly in the Spring, when it is placed
very different from the Belladonna Lily before deſcribed. in a very warm Stove. It is in Beauty in February;
a, a, repreſents the Spatba, or Cover, which ſurrounds and thoſe which are in a moderate Temperature of Air
the Flower-buds, and divides into Two Parts, when will flower in March or April. The Stems of theſe
the Buds are near opening. b, fhews the Stamina, Flowers feldom riſe much more than a Foot high; and
or Male Organs, which are ſituated round the Style each Stem produces Two, Three, or Four Flowers,
c; and all of them are declined toward the lower Part rarely more than that Number. It is much tenderer
of the Flower.
than the former Sort, therefore will nor thrive in this
Country, unleſs it is preſerved in a warm Stove in Winter,
HIS Plant has been more than Thirty Years in It propagates by Off-ſets, but never produces Seeds in
TEngland; but from whence it was brought is not this coustry.
PL Α Τ Ε

A BANELLAS yanthan moontflane avoli er meparsulates sepualibu gemwitalikos dovlenata per



PL XXV
d
b
AMMI maji
majus C.B. P.139
.
Bluebed coding to the telo by P. Heller, July 29. 1985-
Fifafanya pada


PIXXVI
AMOMUM scapo nudo, spica oblonga obtusa
' Horts trap?
2. kang akan tot by P.Miller Jolyog qui

[ 17 ]
PLATE
XXV.
AMMI, Tourn. Inft. R. H. 304. C. B. P. 159. Raii Me- Variety, and ſown them in different places with great
tbod. 52. Lin. Gen. Plant. 297.
Care; and have always found, that from each Parcel
there have been Plants of all the different Varieties pro-
BISHOPS WEED
duced; ſo that they muſt not be taken for diftinct Spe-
HIS Genus of Plants is by Doctor Tournefort cies, notwithſtanding their different Appearances; tho'
ranged in the Firſt Section of his Seventh Claſs Fuchfius, Camerarius, and ſome others, have fuppoſed
of Plants, intitled, Herbs with umbellated Flowers them diſtinct Plants. Mr. Ray obſerved both thele Va-
ranged circularly, whoſe Empalement turns to Two ſmall chan- rieties growing promiſcuouſly in the Vineyards and cul-
nelled Seeds. Mr. Ray places it in the Eleventh Section tivated Fields in Italy and France, where this Plant na-
of his Eleventh Claſs of Plants, which lie ftiles, Herbs witb turally grows, ſo makes no doubt of its being a feminal
umbellated Flowers
, which are fucceeded by ſhort thick ftri- Variation. Parkinſon has fuppofed this Plant to be a
ated Seeds. Doctor Linneus places it in his Fifth Claſs Native of Englands and fays it was found wild about
of Plants, intitled, Pentandria Digynia, i. e. Plants whoſe Greenbitbe in Kent. But it muſt have certainly ariſen from
Flowers have Five Stamina, and Two Styles,
fome Seeds accidently ſcattered there, or thrown out
of fome Garden; becauſe it has not been found in that
The Species here repreſented is,
Place fince his Time, nor in any other Part of England,
AMMI majus, C. B. P. 159. Common Broad-leav'd growing naturally: Tho' when once the Seeds are fown
Biſhopſweed. This is by Jobn Baubin titled, Ammi in a Garden, and the Plants are permitted to ſhed their
vulgare majus, latioribus foliis, ſemine minus odorato, Seeds in the Place, there will be a Supply of Plants
Hift. Plant. Vol. III. p. 2. 27. By Dodonaus it is annually produced, as long as any of the Seeds remain
called, Ammi vulgare, Pempt. 301. Doctor Linnæus in the Ground.
titles it, Ammi foliis inferioribus pinnatis lanceolatis
This Plant is annual; and, if the Seeds are fown in
ferratis ſuperioribus multifidis linearibus, Hort. Upſal
. 59. Autumn, the Plants will flower by the Beginning of
Spec. Plant. 24.2. i. e. Biſhopfweed, whore lower July, and the Seeds will ripen the Beginning of Septem-
Leaves are winged, Spear-ſhaped, and fawed on the ber, or ſooner, in a warm Seafon. When the Seeds are
Edges, and the upper Leaves divided into many ſown in the Spring, they often remain in the Ground
narrow Segments. a, ſhews the under Leaves, which till Autumn, and ſometimes till the following Spring,
are broad, and fawed on their Edges; b, the upper before the Plants appear ; nor will thoſe Spring fown
Leaves, which are divided into many narrow Seg. Plants, which come up the Firſt Year, be near fo ſtrong
ments ; c, repreſents the Flowers growing in an Um. as thoſe fown in Autumn ; which in good Ground ge-
bel; d, the Seeds which ſucceed the Flowers. nerally grow near Three Feet high; and periſh ſoon
after their Seeds are perfected.
There is a Variety of this Plant, which is mentioned The Seed of this Plant is the only Part which is uſed
in feveral Botanic Books, under the Title of Ammi majus in Medicine ; it is employed in carminative Decoctions ;
foliis plurimum incifis & nonnihil criſpis, C. B. Pin. 159. and is eſteemed a good Aromatic, being attenuating
i. e. Greater Biſhopſweed with Leaves finely cut and and diuretic.
curled. But this is only a feminal Variation, for from There was formerly another Sort, whoſe Seeds were
the Seeds of one Plant there will arife Plants of various brought from the Levant, by the Title of Ammi verum,
Forms, fome with very broad Leaves, others with very and Ammi Creticum : But of late Years there has been
finely divided Leaves, and ſome of a middling Sort be- none of theſe Seeds imported; but the Seeds of the
tween both. I have frequently taken the Seeds of each common Sort have been uſed to ſupply its Place
P L Α Τ Ε E XXVI.
AMOMUM, Lin. Gen. Plant. 2. Flor. Leyd. Prod. 12. ariſes by the Style, and is of the ſame Length, reſting upon
Zinziber, C. B. Pin. 35. Raii Merbod. Plant. 121, ibe Germen; ebicb afterward becomes an oval Fruit, di-
vided into Three Cells, wbich contains many Seeds.
ZERUMBET, or ZERUMBETH.
The Species here repreſented is,
THN Sisteme cars, intitled, Menandria Monegynia, Amomum fcapo nudo, ſpica oblonga obtusa, Hort. Clif. 3.
the Flower having but One Stamen, and One Style. Hort. Upfal. 1. Fler. Zeyl. 2. Flor. Leyd. Prod. 12.
Mr. Ray places it in his Twenty-third Claſs of Plants, Zerumbet, or Zerumbeth; by fome called Broad-
which he titles Graminifolia florifere bulbofis affinis, i.e. leav'd Wild Zinger.
Plants with Grafs like Leaves bearing Flowers.
The Characters of this Genus are,
Doctor Tournefort hath not mentioned any of the Spe-
cies of Ginger in his Inſtitutions of Botany, nor have
The Flowers are produced in a compa8 ſcaly Head, each we any good Deſcription of the Zerumbeth Galingale and
baving a Spatba, or Leafy Cover : The Florver is of One Zedoary, by which they may be diſtinguiſhed. The only
Leaf, baving a ſhort Tube
, and is divided into Three Parts Author who has well deſcribed the Plant here figured,
at the Top, the middle Segment being larger than the other, is Doctor Herman, who ſays it is the Zerumbet of the
In the Center is One Stamen, Soaped like a Leaf, wbich Shops; but does not diſtinguiſh it fufficiently from the
NUMB. V.
F
Galingale,

[ 18 ]
Galingale, or Zedoary. The Writers on the Materia from the Root; C, the obtufe Spike; d, the Flower
Medica have only deſcribed the dried Roots, as they coming out of the ſcaly Head; e, the Foot-ftalk of the
have been imported, being ignorant of the Plants whole Leaf, coming from the Root, which decays in Autumn;
Roots they were; and it is but of late Years that we at which Time the Roots ſhould be taken up for Uſe,
have had the Plants in the Engliſh Gardens, therefore as they are at that Time in the greateſt Strength.
could not determine what they were,
The Root of this Plant is the only Part which is uſed
The Roots which I have feen fold in the Shops for the in Medicine ; it is heating, drying, and is eſteemed good
leffer Galingale, were thoſe of the Plant which Doctor to expel Wind; comforting the Bowels; and is fre-
Linnæus has titled Kempferia ; and is figured by Doctor quently ordered for Cholics, and other Diſorders of the
Kempfer, who calls it Wanhom. It is alſo figured and Bowels, as alſo to prevent Vomitings.
deſcribed in the Horlus Malabaricus, under the Title of The Zerumbeth, Zedoaria, and leffer Galingale, are
Ketsjula Kelengu.
now pretty common in many curious Gardens in Eu-
The Zedoary approaches near to the Plant here figured; rope, where there are Hot-houſes with Beds of Tanners-
but the Leaves are much broader, and grow near twice bark; for, unleſs the Pots in which their Roots are
the Height of thoſe of Zerumbeth, and are placed on every planted be conſtantly kept in the Tan-bed, the Roots
Side the Stalk ; whereas thoſe of Zerumbetb are only art apt to ſhrink; and when that happens, they fre-
on Two Sides, ſo appear flat, when compared with the quently rot; for, by giving the Plants much Wet, they
other; and the Roots are much larger. How this dif- are foon deſtroyed, eſpecially after they have been kept
fers in its Flowers I cannot ſay, as I have not ſeen this dry any Time; which is alſo the Caſe of the common
Species in Flower ; but the Zerumbeth flowers annually Ginger
in England, when it is kept conſtantly in the Tanners- The Roots of the leffer Galingale were obtained from
bark; for if the Pots in which the plants are planted be India in the Year 1724, by Charles Duboiſe, Elq; of
placed on Shelves in the Hot-houſe, the extreme Fibres Mitcham in Surry, who communicated them to ſeveral
of the Roots will become dry, and then the Plants will curious Perſons in England; and they have ſince been
not thrive after.
ſent to many curious Perſons in Holland, France, and Ger-
The generical Name of this and the common Ginger, many. The Zerumbetb and Zedoary were brought to
was Zinziber, by which moft Authors who have men- England about the Year 1738, from Holland : And theſe
tioned theſe Plants have called them : But Doctor Lin- multiply ſo faſt, where they are properly managed, that
næus has altered their Title to Amomum; and has added many of their Roots are annually thrown away.
to them the Cardamum and Grains of Paradiſe; making The common Ginger, which grows naturally in the
them Species of that Genus.
Weſt-Indies, has been long in the Engliſh Gardens ; but
Doctor Herman, in the Hortus Lugduno-Batavus, calls neither of theſe Sorts made any Progreſs here, until the
the Plant here figured Zinziber ſylveſtre latifolium; and Uſe of Tanners-bark in Hot-houſes was introduced ;
in Garcius it is titled Zerumbeth. It is a Native of India, fince which they all thrive as well as if they were in
from whence the Roots are brought for Uſe.
their natural Countries ; and large Quantities of the
a, repreſents the Root, as it ſpreads in the Ground; Root of Ginger have been taken up for Preſerving in
b, the naked Flower-ſtem, which ariſes immediately England.
P L Α Τ Ε
XXVII.
A MORPHA, Lin. Gen. Plant. 768.
tioned by the following Title, viz. Barba Jovis Ameri-
cana Pſeudoacacia foliis flofculis purpureis minimis ; and in
BASTARD INDIGO.
the Philoſophical Tranſactions of the Royal Society it is
The Characters of this Genus are,
called, Barba Fouis Caroliniana, Pſeudoacacia foliis, Baf-
tard Indigo, incolis, N. 407.
The Empalement of the Flower is tubulous, cylindrical,
and is of One Leaf, which is divided at the Top into Five known, which is that here exhibited ; therefore it hath
There is but One Species of this Genus at preſent
Parts, which are erect: The Flower is papilionaceous; no ſpecific Title ; but is in the Catalogue of Mr. Clif-
but differs from all the Genera of this Claſs, having only a
broad Standard, which fi ands above the Anibera ; ſo that the Catalogue of the Upſal Garden, p. 208. and in the
ford's Garden called, Amorpha, p. 553. Tab. 19. in
the Wings and Keel are wanting to the Flower : The Star Prodromus to the Leyden Garden, p. 393. This is the
mina coaleſce ſlightly at the Bottom; but are ſeparated above Third Species of Barba Jovis in the Gardeners Dialionary.
the Empalement, and are of unequal Lengths : Theſe ſup-
port ſhort ſwelling Summits
, which are channelled : The fifts in One broad obtufe Standard ; b, the Ten Stamina,
a, repreſents the Corolla of the Flower, which con-
Poinial ſtands above the Summits
, ſupporting a ſingle Stigma: with their Summits, which are of unequal Lengths ;
The Pointal afterward becomes a ſhort Pod, incloſed in the
Calyx, opening in One Cell, in which is One or Two Kidney , ſhews the Style, with the Stigma ſtanding above the
Stamina ; ,
Shaped Seeds.
The Seeds of this Plant were fent from Carolina by
HIS Plant has been placed with the Barba Jovis, Mr. Cateſby, in the Year 1724, which were fown in many
Flowers wanting the Keel and Wings, and the Pod be- them, ſome of which produced their Flowers in a few
ing compreſſed, are fufficient to diſtinguiſh it from the Years after ; and now they are pretty common in moſt
other Plants of that Genus; which occafioned Doctor of the Nurſery gardens about London, being propa.
Linnæus to ſeparate it, and to conſtitute a new Genus gated and ſold as a flowering Shrub, with many other
of it, by the Title of Amorpba.lt
Sorts.
In the Catalogue of Trees and Shrubs, which was It will grow to the Height of Eight or Ten Feet; but
publiſhed by a Society of Gardeners, it is there men- generally produces many Branches near the Root, which
are

C
*
AMORPHA bin. Gen spl.768
768.
darbo diena



PLXXVIII
i
b
Fig.
c
Fig.
1. AMYGDALUS sativa fructu majori 0.8.0.441.
Fig.2. AMYGDALUS Indiva nana H.R. Par.
Published anwrding the stats by P: Millarfaty ogrphs.
I. Jafferys vous

[ 19 ]
are placed irregularly, ſo that it will not make a good are produced in Spikes, at the Extremity of the Shoots,
Appearance, when it is placed ſingle, but if planted being generally Three or Four together : Theſe Spikes
among other Shrubs, ſo as that the Stems are hid from are Six or Eight Inches long, and fully garniſhed with
Sight, the Tops of the Branches, when in Flower, make Flowers, which are commonly in Beauty about the lat-
a pretty Variety, but as it is late in the Spring before ter End of June ; but the Seeds ſeldom ripen in England.
the Shoots come out, the Shrubs have the Appearance In North America they have made a coarſe Sort of
of being dead till the End of April, or the Beginning Indigo from the Leaves of this Shrub, which occafioned
of May, but when they begin to put out new Shoots, their calling it Baſtard Indigo ; but ſince the true In-
they ſoon grow to a conſiderable Length, and are fur- digo Plant has been there cultivated, the Inhabitants
niſhed with long winged Leaves, ſhaped like thoſe of have made no Uſe of this.
the Common Acacia, but of a darker Green: The Flowers
P L A T E
XXVIII.
AMYCDALUS, Tourn. Inft
. R. H. 627. Raii Meth. 149. and under this general Title he includes all the Species,
Lin. Gen. Plant. 545.
altho' the Tree with White Flowers differs ſo much in
Leaf, Shoot, and Fruit, as is ſufficient to make a dil-
ALMOND-TRIE.
tinct Species from the common Sort: And there are
THIS
HIS Genus of Plants is by Doctor Tournefort Two other very diſtinct Species now in the Gardens,
ranged in the Seventh Section of his Twenty- one of which hath broad Leaves, and Flowers ſmaller
firft Claſs, intitled, Trees and Shrubs with a Roſe Flower, than thoſe of the leaſt Peach Flower; the other hath
whoſe Pointal turns to a fony Fruit. Mr. Ray places it ſhort filvery Leaves, which remain thro' the Winter,
amongſt the Trees whoſe Flowers join to the Baſe of and do not fall till they are thruſt off by new Leaves in
the Fruit, and grow ſingle. Doctor Linnæus places it the Spring,
in his Twelfth Claſs of Plants, intitled, Icoſandria Mo-
nogynia, from the Flowers having Twenty Stamina, Fig. 2. AMYGDALUS Indica nana, H. R. Par: The
and a fingle Pointal; and he joins the Perſica to this Dwarf Almond with fingle Flowers. This is by
Genus, making it only a ſpecific Difference : But where Doctor Morriſon titled Amygdalus pumila, H. R. Bleſ
the Fruit is admitted as a Character to the Genus, it and in Munting's Hiſtory it is Amygdalus nana. Doctor
muſt be ſeparated; the outer Cover of the Almond be- Linnæus titles it Amygdalus foliis petiolatis baſi attenu-
ing dry, hard, and compreſſed; whereas the Peach is atis, Hort. Cliff. 186. Sp. Plant. 473. and he fup-
rounder, the Fleſh thick and moiſt, and the Stone very
poſes it to be the ſame with that Plant which is
rough
figured by Doctor Amman, under the Title Arme-
niaca Perficæ foliis, fruflu exfucco, Ruth. 273. Tab. 30.
The Species here repreſented are,
But the Specimens of this which were ſent to Eng-
land by Doctor Amman fhew it to be very different
Fig. 1. AMYGDALUS ſativa fru&lu majori, C. B. P. The
from that here figured.
manured Almond with a larger Fruit. a, repreſents
the Flower expanded; b, the Stone diveſted of its This Sort hath been frequently confounded with the
outer Cover ; (, an intire Fruit with its Cover. Perfica Africana nana flore incarnato fimplici, Tourn.
which may have been occaſioned by People's fuppofing
In moſt of the Botanic Books there is a Diſtinction it to be the fingle Flower of the fame Species which is
made between the Sweet and Bitter Almond : But theſe uſually propagated in the Nurſeries by the Title of
are only accidental Varieties; for it frequently happens Double-flowering Dwarf Almond : But whoever compares
that the Two Sorts are found growing upon the fame the Leaves, Shoots, or Flowers, of the Two Sorts, will
Tree; tho' in general, thoſe Trees whoſe Fruit have ſoon be convinced of their Difference; nor is the Single,
fweet Kernels, are, for the moſt part, fo; but the Sweet, of the Sort with the Double Flowers, to be found in the
or that which is uſually ſold for the Jordan Almond, is Engliſh Gardens at preſent.
from a different Tree; the Flowers are White, and The Sort here figured will grow to the Height of
ſmaller than thoſe of the common Almond; the Branches Three Feet, and is very ſubject to fend forth Suckers
of the Tree are much Nenderer, and the Leaves long from the Roots, whereby the Ground will be ſtored
and narrow. This Sort is diſtinguiſhed by Caspar with Plants. It flowers in April, and often ripens its
Baubin under the Title of Amygdalus dulcis pulamine mol- Fruit in England. Both theſe Sorts are propagated in
liore, Pin. 442
the Nurſery-gardens near London in Plenty : and are
Thoſe Pertons who are deſirous to have this Sort of ſold as flowering Trees and Shrubs, being chiefly plant-
Almond in Perfection, muſt plant the Trees againſt a ed in Gardens for Ornament, their Flowers making a
South, or South-eaſt Wall, otherwiſe they will feldom fine Appearance early in the Spring: The Firſt Sort
produce Fruit in England : And if it happens that the uſually Rowers in March; but in early Seaſons it fre-
Standard Trees of this Sort produce Fruit, which in quently is in Beauty by the Middle of February; and
favourable Seaſons is ſometimes feen, they rarely ripen, in late Years not before the Middle of April. When the
nor grow to any Size; but againſt Walls I have had Trees flower late in the Seaſon, they commonly produce
perfect good Fruit.
Plenty of Fruit; but when they come out early, the
Thole Trees of the common Almond, whoſe Kernels Bloſſoms are frequenly killed, ſo that few Fruit fuc-
are ſweet, may be propagated in Plenty, by budding ceed them. This Tree will grow to the Height
them upon Plum Stocks, for the Fruit will always con- of Sixteen or Twenty Feet, or more, if they are plant-
tinue the fame as thoſe from whence the Buds are taken; ed on a light Soil; but in ſtrong wet Ground they do
but the Trees raifed from the Fruit feldom prove the not thrive ſo well, nor are of ſo long Duration.
fame as thofe from whence the Fruit is taken. This is They have been long cultivated in England; the Firſt
by Doctor Lannaus titled, Amygdalus folisis petiolatis fer- is fuppofed to be a Native of Mauritania, and the Se-
raturis injis glandulofis, Hort. Cliff. 186. Sp. Plant. 473. cond of Afia minor.
PLATE

[ 20 ]
P L A T E XXIX.
ANCHUSA, Lin. Gen. Plant. 167. Bugloffum, Tourn. Inft. The Roots of Alkanet, which are directed for Ufe, are
R. H. 133. Tab. 53.
brought to England from the South of France, and are of
a fine Red Colour; ſo that they are often uſed to make
ALKANET.
a Red Colour: But whether this is a diſtinct Species,
or may be the Effect of the Soil or Climate in which it
HIS Genus of Plants is by Doctor Linnæus ranged naturally grows, I cannot take upon me to determine;
,
the Flowers having Five Stamina, and a fingle Pointal. Growth, have not had any Appearance of that beautiful
Mr. Ray places it in his Thirteenth Claſs of Plants, Colour, which is conſtant in the Roots from abroad;
which he titles, Herbs with rough Leaves, whoſe Flowers tho' I have frequently fown the Seeds which have been
are ſucceeded by Four naked Seeds. The Diſtinction fent from abroad for the true Sort, which Caſpar Bau-
which Mr. Ray makes between Anchuſa and Buglofum, bim titles Anchuſa puniceis floribus, Plin. 255. and Tour-
is in the Firſt having red Roots ; in which he is followed nefort, Buglojum radice rubra, five Anchufa vulgatior
by Doctor Boerbaave, who has joined fome Plants to floribus cæruleis, Inft. R. H. 134.
this Genus, whoſe Roots are not Red; but the Colour
The Plant here figured is a Native of Spain and Por-
of the Root is hardly fufficient to conftitute a ſpecific tugal; it grows near Three Feet high, having many
Difference, much leſs a generical one. Doctor Tour- ftrong lateral Branches, which are produced from the
nefort has included all the Species under the Genus Bu- main Stem, near the Ground; theſe are garniſhed with
gloſſum ; but Doctor Linnæus has applied this Title of ſtiff rough Leaves, Six or Seven Inches long, and about
Anchuſa to the Genus, and has dropp'd the Title of Bu- half an Inch broad at the Top, clofely embracing the
gloſſum, the former Title having been more frequently Branches, having no Footftalks, being Two Inches
uled by the old Writers in Botany.
broad at the Baſe, and are indented and waved on their
Edges; the upper Surface is beſet with Hairs, and is
The Species here repreſented is,
very rough to the Touch; theſe are fet alternately on
the Branches; and from their Baſe the Spikes of Flowers
ANCHUSA ſtrigoſa, foliis linearibus dentatis, pedicellis brac- come out, which grow a Foot or more in Length: The
tea minoribus, calycibus fructiferis inflatis, Læfi. Lin. Sp. Flowers, which are of a fine Blue Colour, are placed
Plant. 133. i. e. Alkanet with narrow indented Leaves, alternately, having a ſmall Leat juſt below each: Theſe
ſmall Footftalks to the Branches, and a ſwelling Cup Spikes are reflexed at the Top, ſomewhat like thoſe of
or Empalement to the Fruit. a, repreſents a ſingle the Vipers Bugloſs; the Empalement of the Flower af-
Flower ſeparated ; b, the Tube of the Flower; C, the terward becomes the Cover to the Seeds, and is ſwell'd
Five Stamina in the Center of the Flower.
at the Bottom, where are lodg'd Four naked Seeds. The
Root of this Rlant commonly decays after the Seeds are
This Plant is by Dr. Tournefort titled, Bugloſſum perfected; ſo that it is generally no more than a bien-
Lufitanicum, Echii folio undulato, Inft
. R. H. 134. As nial Plant; tho' fometimes, when it grows upon Gravel,
this Plant has not been figured in any of the Botanic or in the Joints of Stone Walls, it will live Three or
Books, we imagined it might be more acceptable to Four Years; but thoſe Plants feldom grow more than
the Curious to exhibit its Figure, rather than any of a Foot high, and have ſmall narrow Leaves ; ſo that it
the other Species, moſt of which have been already appears like a diftinct Species.
figured and deſcribed by ſeveral Botanic Writers.
P L Α Τ Ε
XXX.
ANDROSACE, Tourn. Inft. R. H. Tab. 46. Raii Meth. 84. This Plant is by Caſpar Baubin titled, Alfine affinis An-
Lin. Gen. Plant. 179. We have no Engliſh Name for droſace dieta major, Pin. 251, and by John Baubin, An-
this Plant; but it may be called Cowhip Chickweed; droſace Matbiola altera, Vol. III. 368'; and by Doctor
for the Flowers, which are like thoſe of Chickweed, Linnæus, Androface perianthiis maximis, Hort. Úpfal. 36.
grow on an Umbel, like the Cowſlip.
Spec. Plant. 141.i. e. Androface with a large involucrum
to the Flowers.
TH
HIS Genus of Plants is by Doctor Tournefort Fig. 2. AndrosACE foliis lanceolatis dentatis glabris, pe-
ranged in the Second Section of the ſecond Claſs,
riantbiis angulatis corolla brevioribus, Lin. Flor. Suec. 160.
intitled, Herbs with a Flower of One Leaf, ſhaped like a
Androface with ſmooth Spear-ſhaped Leaves, an an-
Salver, whoſe Pointal afterward becomes the Fruit. Mr.
Ray places it in his Nineteenth Claſs of Plants, intitled, gular Involucrum, ſhorter than the Flower.
Herbs with a Flower of One Leaf, wbich is fucceeded by This Plant is biennial, feldom continuing after the
vaſcular Fruit. Doctor Linnæus places it in his Fifth Seeds are perfected; the Leaves grow cloſe to the
Claſs of Plants, intitled, Pentandria Monogynia ; the Ground, which are ſmooth, and ſometimes are flightly
Flowers having Five Stamina, and a ſingle Pointal. indented on the Edges; but for the moſt part they are
intire: From the Center of the Leaves there are Three
The Species here repreſented are,
or Four naked Salks ariſe, which grow about Four
Fig. 1. ANDROSAce vulgaris latifolia annua, Inf. R. H. Inches high, each ſupporting a looſe Umbel of Flowers,
123. Broad-leav'd annual Androſace. This is the which ſtand upon long ſlender Footlialks ; they are
Firſt Species mentioned in the Gardeners Dictionary, White, and conſiſt of One Leaf, ſpread open ; and are
where the Characters of the Genus are deſcribed. divided into Five Parts at the Brim: Theſe are fucceeded
a, repreſents the Umbel of Flowers; b, a ſingle by vaſcular Seed-veffels, which open in the Middle, hav-
Flower ſeparated from the Involucrum ; C, the ex- ing One Cell, which is replete with roundilh Seeds.
panded Flower in the Involucrum; d, the intire Fruit, The Firit Sort grows naturally in Auſtria and Hun-
Teſting upon the Involucrum ; e, the Vefiel open, ſhew- gery, amongſt the Corn; and the Second is an Inhabitant
ing the Seeds.
of the Mountains in Ruſia and Siberia.
PLATE

PI
ANCHU SA Jerigosa, foliis lemaa riba dentati, pedicelles bractea minoribus, calycibus fructiferis anglati
Saft Lin sp plant 155
on heading the telo de pelo
affing soupe


PIXXX
Fig.a.
Frig. 1. ANDROS ACE vulgarsi latifolia annua FrytD. Hlinas
Fig.2 ANDROS ACE foliis lamovolatii dentatis glabres pereanthis angulati arrella troeroribus. Lin.Her. Sacr6o.
blading the Adly cale fety
Telegge rathe



PL
6
tenuifolia muloplav mutata florum fucie quotannis
ANEMONE
nova H.R. Par.
Blobal awarding to the Art by Pair August 28.76.


PI XXXII
s
eel
ANGUINA Sinenfis, flore albo elegantifsimo, capillamentis tenuifuris ornato fructu longo intorto, sub
initium ar albo viridi varigato per maturitatem prorfus rutro "Mich Novým.sa
.
عمل مرگ و میر و مهربار از این بار به ترمیم کا

[ 21 ]
PL A T
E
XXXI.
T
ANEMONE, Tourn. Inf. R. H. p. 275. Tab. 147. Raii ariſing from the Seeds of the ſame Flower, they are not
Method. Plant. 69. Lin. Gen. Plant. 614, eſteemed real Differences by Botanic Writers, who only
mention the Broad and Narrow-leav'd Sorts as Two
ANEMONY, or EMONY.
diſtinct Species.
HIS Genus of Plants is by Doctor Tournefort The Sort here repreſented was ſome Years paſt in
ranged in the Seventh Section of his Sixth Claſs, great Eſteem, the Flowers being very large and double ;
intituled, Herbs with a Roſe-flower, whoſe and theſe would every Year vary ſo much in their Co-
Point al turns to a Fruit compoſed of many Seeds collected lours and Stripes, that if an intire Bed of theſe Roots
into an Head. Mr. Ray places this Genus in his Fif- were planted, there would ſech a Variety appear in the
teenth Claſs of Plants, which he titles, Herbs with Flowers, as thoſe who were not ſkilled in Flowers might
many naked Seeds ſucceeding each Flower : And this is in eaſily be deceived, in fuppofing them ſo many differert
the Seventh Section of that Claſs, which includes thoſe Flowers; ſome of the Flowers being of a deep red
Plants with naked Flowers. Doctor Linnæus places it Colour, with ſcarce any Stripes of other Colours; and
in his Thirteenth Clafs, intituled, Polyandria Polygynia, other of the Flowers being greatly Itriped thro' every
i. e. Plants whoſe Flowers have many Stamina and Petal with white, and the ſeveral Gradations from
Germina: To this Genus he adds the Anemonoides of plain to thoſe which are more white than red, will be
Boerbaave, the Hepatica of Dillenius, and Pulſatilla of found in this Flower, where there are any Number
Tournefort, making them only different Species of the of Roots planted.
fame Genus: But as the Hepatica has a Three-leav'd The Single, or (what the Floriſts call the Poppy Ane-
Empalement to the Flower, and the Pulſatilla has a mony) are thoſe which produce Seeds; for the double
many-leav'd Empalement, ſo they ſhould not be joined Flowers never have any; therefore, in order to obtain
with the Anemone, which has a naked Flower.
good Flowers, the Seeds ſhould be ſaved from the beſt
The Species here repreſented is,
of thoſe with fingle Flowers, ſome of which have a
double Range of Perals ſurrounding the Organs of Ge-
ANEMON E tenuifolia multiplex, mutata florum facie quotan- neration. From the Seeds of theſe more double Flowers
nis nova, R. H. Par. Narrow-leav'd Double Anemony, may be expected, than from ſuch as have only a ſingle
with Flowers which vary in their Colour annually; Range of Petals; and thoſe whoſe Flowers are well
called by the French Camelcone, and in England the coloured, mould alſo be preferred. The blue and
Batterſea Red, or High Admiral.a, repreſents the purple colour'd Flowers are now moft eſteemed by the
outer Petals of the Flower, which are much broader Floriſts; but a Mixture of the red and ſtriped Flowers
than thoſe which occupy the Middle, as at b, which will greatly ſet off the others.
are narrow, and are what the Floriſts call the Thrum Theſe Flowers grow naturally in the lands of the
of the Flower.
Archipelago, and in ſeveral other Parts of the Eaſt, where
the Borders of the Fields are bedecked with them in the
The Characters of this Genus are exhibited in the Spring, making a very gay Appearance during their
Gardener's Dillionary, under the Title of Anemone. Continuance in Beauty. From thence the Roots have
There are a great Variety of theſe Flowers in the been tranſplanted into the Gardens in Europe ; and from
Gardens of the Curious, which have been obtained from their Seeds the great Variety which is at preſent to be
Seeds: Theſe differ in their Colour, and the Size of the found in the Gardens of the Curious, have been ob-
Flowers; and are accordingly diftinguiſhed by the tained. Theſe Flowers are in Beauty in April and May,
Floriſts : But as theſe are only accidental Varieties, and the Seeds ripen in July,
yi
2 ore
had ovadiol 99
tunne on
P L A T E
E XXXII.
ANGUINA, Michel. Nov. Gen. 12. Tab. 9. Cucurbita, This Plant is figured by Micheli, in his Nova Genera
Hori. Pif. Tab. 22. Trichofantbes, Lin. Gen. Plant. Plantarum, Tab. 9. who applied this Title to the Genus,
966.
in the Catalogue of the Garden at Piſa : It is alſo figured
SNAKE GOURD.
under the Title Cucurbita finenfis fruclu lango anguino
The Characters are,
vario flore candido, capillamentis tenuiffimis ornato; but
Doctor Linnæus has changed the Title of this Genus to
Ti bath Male and Female Flowers on the ſame Plant, Trichofantbes, and places it in his Twenty-firſt Claſs of
as the Gourds, Cucumbers, and Melons, bave: The Plants, intituled, Monoecia, there being Male and Fe-
Male Flowers have an Empalement of One Leaf, which is male Flowers on the fame Plant. According to Mn
divided into Five Parts at the Top : The Petals of the Ray's Method, this Genus muſt be placed in his Six-
Flower confifts of many Filaments or Threads, as at Letter teenth Claſs, which he titles Herba Ponsifera, i. e. Ap-
b, having Thru Stamina in the Center : The Female ple-bearing Plants. It muſt be placed in the Seventh
Flowers have a reflected Empalement of One Leaf, cut into Section of the Firſt Claſs of Plants in Tournefori's In-
Five Parts, as al Letter a; in the Centre of which is the ftitutions, which is compoſed of the cucurbitaceous
Germen, which afterward becomes a long tecified Fruit, Plants. Theſe have Bell-Ihaped Flowers of One Leaf,
repreſented etc, and is divided in Three Cells, sobicb con- whoſe Empalement turns to a Fruit, for the moſt part
tain many flat Seeds.
felhy.
NUM. VI.
G

[ 22 ]
It is an annual Plant, which muſt be raiſed on a Spring, they will not perfect their Seeds in England. It
Hot-bed early in the Spring; and when the plants are is a Native of China, from whence the Seeds were
of a proper Strength to remove, they muſt be tranf- brought, which have been cultivated in ſome curious
planted on a new Hot-bed, and treated in the fame Gardens in Europe, as a fingular Plant: But the Fruit
manner as early Cucumbers and Melons ; with which being of no Ufe, there are few of the Plants raiſed in
Management the Plants will ripen their Fruit in Auguſt England, except in Botanic Gardens, for Variety.
or September ; but unleſs they are brought forward in the
P LA
Τ Ε
XXXIII.
Genus.
ANGURIA, Tourn. Inft. R. H. 106. Tab. 35. Citrullus, the Plants grow naturally without Culture; but they are
Raii Method. Plant. 70. Cucumis, Lin. Gen. Plant. greatly inferior to the Cucumbers which are caten in
969.
Europe. The Fruit feldom grows ſo large as a Pullet's
The WATER-MELON.
Egg, and is in Shape like it, but the outer Coat or
TH
HIS Genus of Plants is ranged in the Seventh Rind is cloſely beſet with blunt Prickles, fomewhat like
makes the diſtinguiſhing Character of it to conſiſt in the of them which are cloſely covered either by the Leaves
Section of Tournefort's Firſt Claſs of Plants, who the skin of an Hedgehog, Where the Fruit is expoſed
to the full Air, it is of a dark-green Colour; but thoſe
Plant's having divided Leaves, and an edible Fruit : In of the Plants, or Weeds growing among them, are as
all other Reſpects
ceous Plants
. Mr. Ray places the Anguria in the Six- white as the white Cucumber; which occafioned Sir
teenth Claſs of Plants, which he ſtiles Herbæ Pomiferæ,
Hans Sloane's giving it that Epithet.
i. e. Apple-bearing Herbs; but Doctor Linnæus joins Fruit, which are ſerved up to the Table in Deſert, when
Moſt of the other Species of this Genus have large
this with the Cucumber, making them of the fame ripe, as the Melon; and in hot Countries the Fruit is
The Characters of this Genus are exhibited in the greatly eſteemed for its cooling Quality, the Pulp melt-
Gardener's Dictionary.
ing like Ice; and when they are gathered in a Morning,
before the Sun has warmed them, and kept in a cold Si-
The Species here repreſented is,
tuation, the Pulp is almoſt as cold as Snow, and hath
ANGURIA Americana fruétu echinato eduli, Inſt. R. H. 107. a Sweetneſs like Ice-water fugared. And theſe Fruit
i. e. American Water-Melon, with a prickly eatable may be eat in Plenty with great Safety, by Perſons in
Fruit
. Doctor Plukenett has given a Figure of this Fevers, and are found to be very refreſhing and whole-
Fruit, with the Title of Cucumis ſylveſtris Americanus, hot as to make theſe cold Fruits deſirable, there are few
in , is ſo
Anguriæ folio, fruclu ovi figura & magnitudine, ad ma-
turitatem pallido, Spinoſis tuberculis momordice inftar mu- in few Gardens here, the Muſk-Melon being greatly pre-
Perſons who eſteem them; therefore they are cultivated
ricato, Phyt. 170. Sir Hans Sloane, in his Cata -
logue of Jamaica Plants, calls it, Cucumis Angurie folio ferred to them, as their Flavour is much richer; and
latiore aſpero, fru£tu minore candido, ſpinulis obtufis the Perſons who eat them in Moderation. The Plant
muricato, p. 103. Doctor Linnæus titles it, Cucumis
foliis palmato-ſinuatis, pomiis ſub-ovatis echinatis, Hort. here figured is rarely cultivated in the Engliſh Gardens,
Upſal. 292. Spec. Plant. 101. This is the Eighth the warm Parts of America, from whence their Seeds
unleſs for the ſake of Variety. It grows naturally in
Sort mentioned in the Gardener's Dictionary.
were brought by fome curious Perſons, which have been
The Fruit of this Sort is eaten when green by the fown in Botanic Gardens, where the plants are annually
Inhabitants of the American Inands, as Cucumbers; where raiſed, to add to their Collections.
Vyuolo
f.
3
PL A
T A A IT q
T E XXIXV.
ANIL, D. Marchan. Memoir de l'Acad. Scien, 1718. Eme- It ſhould be placed in Tournefort's Tenth Claſs of
rus, Tourn. Inft. R. H. 650. Tab. 418. Indigofera, Lin. Plants with a papilionaceous Flower ; but he has feparat-
Gen. Plant. 794
ed the Trees and Shrubs from the Plants of this Claſs,
INDIGO
and placed them at the End of his Inſtitutions. Doctor
Linnæus places it in his Seventeenth Claſs of Plants, in-
TI
HIS Plant is by Doctor Tournefort joined to the tituled Diadelphia Decandria, the Flowers of this Claſs
Emerus, or Scorpion- Senna ; and in this he is fol- having Ten Stamina, Nine of which are joined together,
lowed by other Botanic Writers : Few of them having and the other ſtanding ſingle at a fmall Diſtance from the
ſeen the plant in Flower, had no Opportunity to exa- other. As Mr. Marchant had given the Title of Anil
mine the Characters. John Baubin ranges it with the to this Genus, which Name the Inhabitants of moſt of
Colutea, or Bladder. Senna ; and Caſpar Baubin joins it to the Countries where it grows naturally had applied to
the Iſatis, or Woad, from its Property of making a blue it, Doctor Linnæus has rejected it, becauſe it is a bar-
Dye; nor was this Genus properly diſtinguiſhed from barous Name; and has given it the Title of Indigofera.
the others of the ſame Claſs of Plants, till Mr. Marchant The Characters of this Genus are exhibited in the
gave a Memoire to the Royal Academy of Sciences at Gardener's Dillionary.
Paris, in the Year 1718; in which he has given a very
minute Deſcription of every part of the Plant.
The

H xxx
а e
ANGURIA Amandana pructu ochinato eduki Swit. SC.


Pav
Q
ANIL sive Indige (lmericana, siliquis in falculeze modum contortis D. March. Alem. Acad. Reg. Scien 1718.
Shehad neverdings harte by orada kugot 8 pos.
J. Joff onge mele

co


Pl XXXV
ANNONA follis lanceolatis, fructibus trifidis bin.Sp.plant.557
Publishd awading to the Act by e Miller August abian.
J.Jefory scalp

[ 23 ]
The Species here repreſented is,
And I am perfuaded there are ſeveral other Plants which
Anit, five Indigo Americana, filiquis in falcula modum will afford this Dye, tho' perhaps not in fo great Quan-
contortis, Marcban. Mem. Acad. Reg. Scien. 1718. Ame- títy as this.
As the Inhabitants of Carolina have taken to the Cul-
rican Indigo, with crooked Pods, ſhaped like a Sickle.
a, repreſents the Flower with its Two Wings ex- ture of Indigo, we may hope in a few Years that this
panded, b, the Pod; C, the Seeds taken out of the lonies, which hath been for ſeveral Years paft intirely
Co-
Pod.
engrofled by the French; and if proper Care is taken
This is by Tournefort tituled, Emerus Americanus fili- by the Planters in the Management of this valuable
quå incurvá, Inft. R. H. 650. John Baubin calls it Co- Commodity, there can be no doubt of their having the
lutea foliis Anil nominatum, Hiſt. 1. 384. Caſpar Bau- greateſt Part of this Trade to themſelves, fince they
bin, in his Pinax, titles it Iſatis Indica, foliis Roriſmarini may carry it on at a leſs Expence, than it can be done
Glaſto affinis, p. 1130.; and in the Hortus Malabaricus, in the Sugar Colonies. But there are Two Inſtances in
Vol. I. p. 101. it is deſcribed under the Title Ameri, which they have always failed, ſince they began the Cul-
which is the Malabar Name for this Plant. Sir Hans ture of Indigo ; the firſt is, in fowing the Seeds too cloſe,
Sloane, in his Catalogue of Jamaica Plants, titles it, whereby the Plants are drawn up tall, and have a greater
Coluteæ affinis fruticofa, floribus Spicatis purpurafcentibus, Proportion of Stalks than Leaves; and the Stalks, con-
filiquis incurvis, e cujus tinElura Indigo conficitur, p. 141. fiſting chiefly of Fibres, afford but a fmall Quantity of
Doctor Linnæus, in the Flora Zeylanica, calls it Indigo- Indigo; the other is, in letting the Plants ftand coo long
fera leguminibus arcuatis incanis racemis folio brevioribus, before they are cut for Uſe, whereby moſt of the large
p. 273. This is called in the Weſt Indies Guatamala In- Leaves are all decayed or fallen off, and the Plants be-
digo, to diſtinguiſh it from another Sort which ap- come woody; fo that there is but a ſmall part of the
proaches near to it, and is in the Inands of America Plant diffolved by the Fermentation in the Vat ; whereas
called Wild Indigo, but is not eſteemed ſo good for if the Plants have ſufficient Room to grow, they will
making Indigo as the other. There is alſo another Sort be furniſhed with Leaves from the Ground upward,
very different from either of theſe, which is found wild which will be fat and fucculent; and if the Herb is cut,
in South Carolina, and was much cultivated by the In- as foon as any Flowers appear on the Plant, the Stalks
digo Planters there, when they began to raiſe the Indigo will then be foft; fo that after they have paffied the Fer-
firſt; but, upon Trial, they found it would not produce mentation in the Vat, there will but a ſmall Part of the
Indigo in ſo great Quantity as the Guatamala; ſo they Plant remain undiffolved, and a much greater Quantity
have abandoned that Sort, and now cultivate only that of Indigo produced from the ſame Quantity of the
here figured. The Carolina wild Sort hath a perennial Plant; which will be of a finer Colour, and bear a
Root, but an annual Stalk, which decays in Winter; greater Price in the Markets of Europe. As I have
the Leaves are ſet much thinner on the Branches, and given the whole proceſs of making Indigo in the Gar-
are not ſo fucculent as thoſe of the manured Sort; yet dener's Diktionary, I ſhall not repeat any part of that in
from this wild Sort, as alſo from Two other species, this place; but have taken the Liberty of mentioning
which grow naturally in India, the Inhabitants of that the Two Articles above, believing that may not only
Country make good Indigo; and formerly there was be of Ufe to the Indigo Planters, bur, it rightly at-
one Species of Anonis uſed in America for this Purpoſe: tended to, may become a national Benefit.
510TPO
P L Α Τ Ε
XXXV.
bre
ANONA, Lin. Gen. Plant. 613. Guanabanus, Plumn. Nou. Father Plumier, who follows Tournefort in his Method
Gen. p. 42. Tab. 10. Annona, Raii Meth. Plant. 153. of claſſing the Plants, places this in the Claſs of Plants
There are many Species of this Genus, which are with a Roſe-flower, whole Pointal becomes a ſoft fleſhy
Natives in the warm Parts of America, Africa, and Fruit, incloſing many hard Seeds,
Afia; ſome of which are eſteemed for their Fruits, Mr. Ray ranges it with the Apple-bearing Trees, whoſe
which are uſually ſerved up at the Tables of the Fruit are not umbilicated, and have a ſoft Pulp.
principal Inhabitants of the Countries where they The Two Titles which have been applied to this Ge-
grow; and are by the Engliſh in America diſtinguiſhed nus of Plants, are both barbarous Names of the Coun-
by the following Titles; viz. Cuſtard- Apple, Sour-Sop, tries where they naturally grow; therefore have been in-
Sweet-Sop, Water-Apple, &c.
differently uſed by the Writers on Natural Hiſtory: But
this of Anona being leſs harſh than Guanabanus, Doctor
HIS Genus of Plants is by Doctor Linnæus ranged Linnæus has choſen to make uſe of it, rather than the
in his Thirteenth Claſs, intituled, Polyandria, Po. other.
to pa
bgynia. The Plants ranged in this Claſs ſhould have
many Stamina and Germina in each Flower, which is
The Species here repreſented is,
not lo in thoſe Species of this Genus which I have exa- Axona foliis lanceolatis, fru&libus trifidis, Lin. Sp. Plant,
mined; but as the Characters which Doctor Linnæus Anona with Spear-Shaped Leaves, and two or three
has given to this Genus are taken from Father Plumier's Fruit fucceeding each other on the ſame Foot-ſtalk;
Figures, he is excufable for the Miſtake. In the Centre commonly called, by the Inhabitants of North America,
of each Flower there appears to be a great Number of Papaw. a, repreſents the Flower compoſed of Three
Sumınits ſurrounding the Germen, where there is a trifid Petals, which is ſurrounded by a Thres-leav'd Em-
Style, and in ſome of the Species there are Three Sta- palement; b, fhews an intire Fruit; s, is a Fruit cut
mina, which riſe above the others; but in the Species here through the Middle, ſhewing the Seeds d, lying in a
figured theſe are wanting,
Row in one side of the Fruit.
The
T

[ 24 ]
The Characters of this Genus are exhibited in the Fruit and Seeds being very different from all the other
Gardener's Diktionary, under the Article Guanabanus. Species of this Genus in Shape; fo that it is very ed
This Species is figured and deſcribed by Mr. Cateſby, fily diftinguilhed.
in his Hiſtory of Carolina, and the Babama Inands, un- This is the only Species of the Genus, which will live
der the Title of Anona fručiu luteſcente lavi ſcrotum Ari- in the open Air in England. All the other Species which
etis referente, Vol. II. p. 85. he mentions it with other are yet known being too tender to live in this Country,
Plants which he found growing on the Bahama Inands; unleſs they are preferved in Stoves; the largeſt Plant of
but doth not take any Notice of its being found in Vir- this kind, which I have feen, is growing in the curious
ginia and Maryland, tho' it has been found in both thoſe Garden of his Grace the Duke of Argyle, at W bitton, near
Countries; and the Seeds have frequently been brought Hounſlow, which has produced Flowers for ſome Yeats
to England, by the Title of Papaw-Tree. Mr. Cateſby paft; but our Summers are not warm enough for the
ſays, that this Tree feldom grows more than Ten or Plants to produce Fruit in England. There are allo fome
Twelve Feet high in that Country, with Stems as large other Trees of this kind in the Gardens near London,
as the Small of a Man's Leg; ſo that it is rather a Shrub which have flowered, but are of a ſmaller Growth.
than a Tree, eſpecially as it often riſes with ſeveral The Flowers are produced in England the Beginning of
Stems from the Root. He alſo mentions that the Fruit May, foon after the Leaves come out.
is ſeldom eaten but by the Negroes. In his Deſcription It is a Native of the Babama IIands, of Carolina, Ma-
of the Flower he has certainly miſtaken the Colour, ryland, and Virginia, growing uſually in low, moit
which he ſays is of a yellowiſh Green; whereas all thoſe Places, where they are heltered from violent Winds.
Trees which have produced Flowers in England, are very In England theſe Plants are apt to ſuffer by Cold, while
different, being of a ruſty purple Colour, as they are young; but after they have obtained Strength, they will
here repreſented; and there can be no doubt of their reſiſt the Froſt, and thrive very well in the open Air,
being the fame Species with that he has deſcribed; the if they are planted in a fheltered Situation.
P L A T E
XXXVI.
ANONIS, Tourn. Inft. R. H. 408. Tab. 219. Raii Me- This is a very beautiful Shrub, which feldom riles
ibod. Plant. 107. Ononis, Lin. Gen. Plant. 772. above Two or Three Feet high in England; but divides
into many Branches, which ſpread near the Ground. At
Reft-Harrow, Cammock, Petty Whin ; and in ſome Coun- the Extremity of every Branch there are Spikes of large
ties it is called Furze.
red Flowers produced about the Beginning of May;
at which Time theſe Shrubs make a fine Appearance,
OCTOR Tournefort places this Genus in his and are one of the principal Ornaments of the Gar-
Blafis : is
Flower. Mr. Ray places it in his Twenty-firſt Claſs of from being common; and only to be found in ſome
leguminous Plants with a papilionaceous Flower. Dr. curious Gardens, which may have been occaſioned by
Linnæus ranges it in his Seventeenth Claſs of Plants, over Care; for it is a very hardy Plant in reſpect to
intituled, Diadelphia Decandria ; in which Claſs are in- Cold; but it is with Difficulty preſerved in Pots, being
cluded all the leguminous Plants with a Pea-flower. One of thoſe Sort of Plants which rarely thrive, unleis
The Two Titles of Anonis and Ononis are indifferently they are planted in the full Ground : It delights in a
uſed by the Latin Writers on Botany.
middling Soil, neither too Itrong, nor over-light; and
The Characters of this Genus are exhibited in the in an Eaſtern Expoſure, where it may have but half
Gardener's Diflionary.
Sun, the Plant will thrive well, and annually produce
The Species here repreſented is,
gorelo Flowers, and perfect Seeds. It commonly flowers
in May, and the Seeds are ripe in July. This Plant is
ANONIS purpurea verna ſeu præcox perennis fruteſcens flore eaſily propagated by Seeds, which ſhould be fown early
rubro amplo, Mor. Hift
. 2. 170. Early ſhrubby purple in March, on a Bed of middling Earth, expoſed to the
Reft. Harrow, with a large red Flower. 4, repre- Eaſt. The Plants will come up in about Six Weeks
ſents the Fore-part of the Flower to the View; b, after, but ſhould not be removed till the following Au.
fhews the hinder Part, with the Empalement; C, the tumn.
Pod, which ſucceeds the Flower. This is the Sixth The common Sort of Anonis, which is mentioned as
Species mentioned in the Gardener's Di&tionary. It a medicinal Plant, is a very troubleſome Weed, where
is called by Dodart, in his Memoirs, Anonis purpurea it hath once gotten Poffeffion of the Ground, the Roots
fruteſcens non fpinofa ; and in the Memoirs of the of it ſpreading very wide; and are ſo tough, as fcarce to
Royal Academy of Sciences at Paris, Anonis mon- be cut or broken by the Plow ; which occafioned the
tana præcox purpurea fruteſcens. Doctor Linnæus has Name of Rejt - Harrow, and Reſta-bovis. In ſome of
titled it, Ononis floribus paniculatis, pedunculis fubtri- the midland Counties it is called French Furze; but how
floris, ftipulis vaginalibus, foliis ternatis, Hori. Cliff that Epithet came to be applied to this plant, is hard
to determine,
un ia
Moda
Two
358.
2
PLATE
• zalog
tud
Solo

PlXXXV
alyvulphuro aspor: 387) vana kimae) connexion and may be mormoden/STORY
S



Pl xxx
ANONIS viscosa spinis carens lutea major C.B.O.
Published awarding to the Aetaly Miller Augwt op.
IIfforge and


PLXXXVIII
Hn
E-
निल
AN
岁
​长长
​hin
A
Pabobat anting to the lit by Millar September the corpus
ANTHEMTS audibus simplicibus unifloris decumbentibus pöliis pinnato-multifidis Hort.Cijf

[ 25 ]
100
PL
Α Τ Ε
XXXVII.
T
A NON is vifcofa fpinis carens lutea major, C. B. P. 389. upon longer Foot-ſtalks than the other, and the Ape
pearance of the Plant, when in Flower, is much more
Great yellow viſcous Reff-Harrow, without Spines. beautiful; fo that it deſerves a Place in the Flower-
blom
garden; whereas the other is only preſerved in Botanic
HIS is the Natrix Plinii berbariorum Lob. Ad- Gardens, for Variety: a, ſhews one of the pendulous
verf. and Anonis mitis flore luteo, Clufi Pan Flowers on its Back-ſide. b, repreſents the Fore-fide
Ononis mitis flere luteo, Hort. Eyft. It is the Ano- of the Flower, ſhewing its large Standard, with the
nis fiue Spind lutea Tabern. Icon. 529. and Anonis lutea Two Wings and the Keel.
non ſpinofa Dalecbampio natris, J. B. 2. 293. Doctor This is the Twentieth Sort exhibited in the Gardener's
Linneus titles this Plant, Ononis pedunculis unifloris filo Diklionary, the Flowers are of a beautiful yellow Co-
terminatis foliis ternatis, Hort. Cliff: 358. and he has lour, growing pretty clofe together, on long Panicles:
joined to this the Anonis viſcoſa ſpinis carens lutea minor, The time of its flowering is in June and July, and the
C. B. P. fuppofing them to be the fame Plant, but Seeds ripen the Beginning of September. The Roots of
they are very different from each other. The Flowers this Sort do not bear tranſplanting well after the Firſt
of the Plant here figured being pendulous, whereas Year; for when they begin to be hard and woody, they
thoſe of the other ſtand erect; the Root alſo of this ſeldom put out new Fibres, if they are removed; fo
Plant is perennial, but the Stalks are annual, dying to they ſhould be tranſplanted the firſt Autumn to the
the Ground every Winter. But the other Plant is Places where they are to remain. If the Soil is dry,
biennial, the Root feldom continuing longer than Two the Roots will continue feveral Years; but in wet
Years, and often periſhes, foon after the Seeds are per- Ground they are apt to rot in Winter. This Plant is
fected, in the firſt Winter. The Stalks of this grow a Native in the South of France, Spain, and Portugal,
much taller, the Flowers are much larger, and ſtand growing in their Arable Land.
P L Α Τ Ε
XXXVIII. 1
ANTAMIS, Lin. Gen. Plant. 879. Chamamelum, Shaw. that hath been applied to Camomile, and hath dropped
pl. Afr. 138. Pyrethrum C. B. P. 148. Raii Hiji, 353. that of Chamæmelum; and he has added moſt of the Spe-
cies of Bupbtbalmum to this Genus. In the Synonyms
PELLITORY of Spain.
which he has quoted to this plant, he adds the Bupb-
HIS Genus of Plants is, by Doctor Linnæus, thalmurn Creticum Cotula folio Breyn. Cent. which is a
T!
ranged in his Nineteenth Claſs, intituled, Synge- very different Plant from that here figured. For this
neſia Polygamia ſuperflua. Caſper Baubin makes this a hath a perennial Root, which runs deep into the Ground,
diſtinct Genus; lo doth Mr. Ray, in his Hiftory of ſhaped like a Carrot, but Breynius's Plant is an annual ;
Plants, where he copies from Caſpar Baubin. Tourne- the Stalks are branching, and ſtand erect, the Flowers
fort hath not mentioned this Plant in his Inftitutions; growing at the Extremity; whereas thoſe of the Pelli-
though it is hardly poſſible it ſhould eſcape his Know- tory trail upon the Ground, and are ſingle, each having
lege, as he travelled through great Part of Spain and One Flower. The Plant figured by Breynius is the
Portugal, in ſearch of Plants; in both which Countries Buphthalmum Cotula folio, C. B. P. which is a medicinal
it is very common in Vineyards, and other cultivated Plant, ſtanding in moſt of the Diſpenſaries under that
Lands. This Plant, according to Tournefori's Me Title : And this Plant is under the Title of Pyrethrum
thod, ſhould be placed in the Genus of Bupbsbalmum. in the Diſpenſaries; the Roots being imported from
abroad, which is the only part of the Plant in uſe. The
The Species here delineated is,
Characters are exhibited in the Gardener's Dillionary,
Anthemis caulibus fimplicibus unifloris decumbentibus, founder the Title Buphthalmum.a, repreſents the Front
liis pinnato multifidis, Hart. Cliff 4.14. Pellitory of of the female Floret, which is ſtretched out on one Side
Spain. Caſpar Baubin titles it, Pyrethrum fiere bellidis, like a Tongue.b, ſhews the hinder Part of the ſame,
Pin. 148. and Lobel calls it, Pyrethrum officinarum, which is of a purple Colour: Theſe compoſe the Rays
Geſner calls it, Pyrethrum Germanicum, to diſtinguiſh or Border of the Flower, ſhews one of the herma-
it from Two other Plants, which then had the Ap- phrodite Flowers, which compoſe the Dilk. d, the
pellation of Pyrethrum, which were both umbellife- double Style. , the Five Stamina, which are in each
rous Plants: but, being of an acrid Tafte, were fup- of the hermaphrodite Flowers. The Roots of this
poſed to have the ſame Quality of diſcharging cold Plant run down a Foot or more into the Ground, are in
Rheums, ſo were claflied according to their ſuppoſed Shape like thoſe of Carrot, about as big as a Man's Fin-
Virtues, which was the moſt common Method among ger, of the Colour of Horſe-radiſh before the Roots
the old Botanic Writers.
are waſhed, and are white within, of an acrid biting
hor
Tafte. From the Root ariſe Stalks about a Foot or
According to Mr. Ray's Method, this Plant Mould more in Height, which are garniſhed with fine cut
be placed in his Genus of Chenlamelum : And Doctor Leaves, fomewhat like thoſe of Stinking Mayweed, but
Shaw, who found this Plant growing wild in Africa, has narrower. At the Top of each Branch is produced one
given it the following Title, Clamamasum speciele fiere, large radiated Flower, like thoſe of Camomile, but
radice longa fervisa, p. 138. i. 6. Camomile with a ſpe- much larger, being white within, and of a purple Co-
cious Flower, and a long warm Root Doctor Linus lour on the Outſide. When the Flowers begin to decay,
has adopted the Title of Anbemus, which is an old Name and the Seeds are formed, the Weight of the Heads
NUM. VII.
H
generally

[ 26 ]
generally declines the Stalks to the Ground; and if the in wet Ground the Roots will periſh with the firſt Cold
Seaſon at that time proves moiſt, the Seeds of this Plant of Autumn. The Seeds of this Plant ſhould be fown
do rarely ripen in England; for the Embryo's of the where the plants are to remain; for as they have long
Seed are each included in a ſcaly Cover, into which if Tap-roots, like the Carrot, ſo they do not bear trant-
the Wet gets, the Embryo's periſh ; ſo that there are few planting well. It loves a looſe ſandy Soil, where there
Years when the Seeds of this come to Maturity in is ſufficient Depth for the Roots to run down; for in a
England, which occaſions its being very rare in the ſhallow Ground the Plants feldom continue longer than
Gardens here. The firſt time I raiſed this Plant was One Year.
from Seeds which were picked out of Raiſins. This It flowers in June, and the Seeds ripen in Auguft; but
was in 1732; and the Year after, the Plants produced if the Seaſon proves moiſt, at the Time of its flower-
Seeds, which ripened well ; ſo that I had a Supply of ing, or when the Seeds are forming, they feldom come
them to diftribute; and the Plants which were raiſed to Maturity. The Flower-ſtems riſe about One Foot
from theſe Seeds continued ſeveral Years, but they did high, each having One Flower on the Top, ſhaped like
not perfect their Seeds; ſo that, in the Winter 1753, thoſe of Camomile, but much larger, being of a pure
the old Roots being deſtroyed, the plant is at preſent white withinfide, and of a purple Colour on the out-
loſt in England.
ſide, ſo that they make a pretty Appearance in the Gar.
This Plant will thrive very well in the open Air in den, during the time of their powering. The Roots
England, and will reſiſt the Cold of our ordinary Win- may be taken up for Uſe toward the End of Oktober,
ters, provided the Seeds are fown upon a dry Soil; for when they are not vegetating. gon
ho
od loro
ado
to batolod
Stro
dod in
13
dom
P L Α Τ Ε
XXXIX.
T
ANTHERICUM, Lin. Gen. Plant. 380. Bulbine Lin. edit. Plants conſtantly flower twice a Year, in April and
prior. 269. Flor. Leyd. prod. 33. Phalangium Tourn. May, and again in Auguſt and September. The Spikes
Inft. R. H. 368. Tab. 193. Raii Method. 118.
of Flowers, which appear in the Spring, are always
fucceeded with Seeds, which will ripen well; but
SPIDER-WORT.
thoſe which appear in the Autumn do rarely per-
HIS Genus of Plants is, by Doctor Linnens, fect their Seeds; for the Winter generally is too cold
placed in his Sixth Claſs of Plants, intituled, in England to ripen their Seeds. This Plant is full
Hexandria Monogynia; the Flowers having each Six as hardy as the Fourth and Fifth Sorts of Phalan-
Stamina, and One Style. He diſtinguiſhes the Species gium, in the Gardener's Di&tionary, ſo only require to
of this Genus from thoſe of Afphodelus, by the Petals be protected from the Froſt; but ſhould have as
of the Flowers being ſpread open, and the Filaments much free Air as poſſible in mild Weather, otherwiſe
being hairy. Tournefort makes the Difference between they will draw up weak, and will not flower well.
Phalangium and Aſphodelus to conſiſt in the Flowers of The Spikes of Flowers are near Two Feet high :
the former having Six Petals, and thoſe of the latter Theſe are produced from the Roots, between the
are only cut into Six Parts at the Top, but are joined ſucculent Leaves of the Plant; and, being of a fine
at the Bottom; ſo that it is a Flower of One Leaf. yellow Colour, they make a good Appearance during
And he diſtinguiſhes the Phalangium from Ornithogalum
the Time of their flowering.
by the Root, the latter having bulbous Roots, and Fig. 2. ANTHERICUM ſefile foliis linearibus planis caule
thoſe of the former have fibrous Roots. Which is alſo decumbente
. Low Spider-wort
, with narrow plain
Mr. Ray's diſtinguiſhing Character of this Genus. Leaves, and a declining Stalk. a, repreſents the
bdeclining Flower-ſtem. b, the Empalement of the
The Species here repreſented are,
Flower. c, the Flower expanded. d, a Flower taken
Fig. 1. ANTHERICUM acaule, foliis carnofis teretibus Spi- out of the Empalement. e, the Stamina, . This
cis florum longiſſimis laxis. African Spider-wort, with- Plant approaches near to Ornithogalum vernum lu-
out Stalks, taper fleſhy Leaves, and very long looſe teum foliis anguftis birſutis, Flor. Virg. 37. but it dif-
Spikes of Flowers. a, repreſents a ſingle Flower, fers from that, in having ſeveral Flowers included in
taken from the Spike. b, a Seed-veffel. C, One of the ſame Cover, whereas that has but Two. The
the Seeds. This approaches near to the Anthericum Stalks of that are always erect, but theſe conſtantly
foliis carnoſis ſubulatis ſemiteretibus ſtričlis, Hort. Up- incline to the Ground. And the Flowers of that ap-
ſal. 83. but the Leaves of this are much longer, pear only in the Spring, whereas this Sort flowers
rounder, and of a glaucous Colour. The Spike of almoſt every Month.
Flowers is more than twice the Length of the other,
and each Flower has a much longer Foot-Italk, ſo The Roots of this Plant came from Jamaica ; they
that whoever ſees the Two Plants, cannot doubt of were accidentally taken up with ſome Plants of All-
their being different Species ; eſpecially when they ſpice, which were ſent me from thence, which were
are known to keep their Differences when raiſed from dead when they arrived; but the Roots of this Plant
Seeds; as for Two Years the Plant here figured had put out their Leaves ; fo I planted them, and
has done ; for I have raiſed ſeveral of the Plants placed them in the Bark-bed in the Stove, where they
from Seeds the Two laſt Years, which have not in the foon flowered, and perfected their Seeds, and have
leaſt varied from the old Plant. And the other Sort fince continued to produce Flowers moft Part of the
I have ſown the Seeds of ſeveral Years, with Year.
out having any Variation in the Plants. I received This Plant will not thrive well in England, unleſs the
the Seeds of this Plant from the Cape of Good Hope, Pots are plunged into an Hot-bed of Tanners-bark,
in the Year 1751; and the Plants which came up and the Air kept up to the Heat affigned for the Ana-
flowered, and produced Seeds the next Spring, and nas. In this Situation the plants will thrive, and
pro-
have every Year produced Plenty of Seeds ſince. The duce Plenty of Flowers, and perfect their Seeds; which,
if

is hig
11
hig
Fig.1. ANTHERIC V At acaule folii cârnofi-Poritibus speri forum Compofsimis lari.
Fig
. 2. ANTHERIC UN srofile folos hinonibus plans orule decombinte »
herhabad days



PI XLI
che Joffry Sculp
ANTHOLYZA fotiüs linearibus sulcatis floribus albis uno versu
Pack weding or the Art by Pallir spamber the sathi per
dispositio


PL XI
a
* |
Fig. 1.
게
​州
​ka
Fig. 2.
Big 4 ANTHYLLIS herbaca foliis quatemo-pinnatis floribus lateralibus" Hort, Upsal .
Fig.2. ANTHYLLIS fruticosa foliis pinnatis æqualibus floribus capitalis Hort», Bif-371 .
All needing to a b 2.0 - September the soilijas
*7.

[ 27 ]
if ſuffered to ſcatter upon the Pots, will produce Plenty Flower-ſtalks are feldom more than Four Inches long,
of young Plants, without any Care; or if they are and incline toward the Ground. There are Three or
ſown in Pots, and plunged into a Hot-bed of Tanners Four of theſe produced at the Extremity of the Foot-
Bark, ſoon after they are ripe, the Plants will come up ſtalk, which are of a yellow Colour within, but greeniſh
in about Six Weeks after; and when they are fit to on the outſide, and are of ſhort Duration, ſeldom con-
tranſplant, they ſhould be treated in the fame manner tinuing open more than One Day; but freſh Flowers
as the old Plants.
ſucceed them; fo thar they are not long deſtitute of
The Leaves of this plant are about Six Inches long, Flowers, eſpecially in Summer.
ſhaped like thoſe of Graſs, and are a little hairy. The
PLA A T
E
XL.
TI
ANTHOLY ZA, Lin. Gen. 56.
about a Foot and half high, bending on one side, and
The Characters of this Genus are,
toward the Top are produced Five or Six Flowers,
ranged on one side the Stalk, each having a Two-
The Flower is of One Leaf, divided into Six Parts, the leav'd Spatha, or Sheath : Theſe are ſmaller than thoſe
Three upper being larger than the lower : Each Flower of the Cornflag, and have a Tube about half an Inch
is incloſed in a Spatba, or Sheath. b, which is compoſed long; ſo that the Flower is of One Leaf, in which it
of Two Leaves. In the Center of the Flower is placed the differs from the Cornflag. It is of a pure white
Germen, crowned with a trifid Stygma, and attended by when it firſt opens, but afterward changes to a darker
Three long ſlender Stamina, as at a, which ſupport ſmall Colour. In the Center of the Flower is placed the
Summits. Each Flower is ſucceeded by a roundiſh Seed- Germen, crowned with Three Stygma, of a dark Co-
veſſel, divided into Thru Cells, which are filled with ſmall lour, attended by Three flender Stamina. The Ger-
triangular Seeds
men afterward becomes a roundiſh Seed-veffel, opening
in Three Cells, which are filled with triangular Seeds.
HIS is placed by Doctor Linnæus in the Third Di- It flowers in May, and the Seeds ripen in Auguft
.
viſion of his Third Claſs of Plants, intituled, Trian- This Plant was raiſed from Seeds which came from
dria trigynia, each Flower having Three Stamina, and the Cape of Good Hope, in the Year 1751, and hath
Three Stygma. There is One Species of this Genus flowered the Two laſt years in the Chelſea-Garden, where
figured in the Hortus Amftelodamenſis, with the following it hath perfected Seeds. It requires to be ſhelter'd
Title, Gladiolo Æthiopico fimilis planta anguſtifolia, Vol. I. from the Froſt in Winter; therefore if theſe are placed
Tab. 41. The Flowers of that Plant are more irre- under an Hot-bed Frame in Autumn, and in mild Wea-
gular than thoſe of the Plant here figured; but as ther the Glaffes kept off, that the Plants may have as
this agrees with the general Characters which Doctor much free Air as poſſible, they will thrive much bet-
Linnæus has applied to this Genus, I have placed it ter than in a Green-houſe; but in froity Weather the
under that. The Flower being monopetalous, ſeparates Glaffes muſt be covered with Mats, to prevent the Cold
it from Gladiolus; and being irregular in its Form, from from penetrating, which would deſtroy the Roots; for
Ixia.
they begin to put out their Leaves in Oktober, which
The Species here repreſented is,
continue growing all the Winter ; and in July their
Leaves decay, ſo that the Roots may be removed in
ANTHOLYZA foliis linearibus fulcatis, floribus albis uno Auguſt, after the Seeds are ripe. They may be kept
verju difpofitis. As we have no Engliſh Name for this out of the Ground till the Beginning of Otober, when
Genus, and the Flower approaching near the Corn- they ſhould be planted in Pots, filled with light fandy
fiag, I ſhall call it Strange Cornflag, with narrow Earth, and may be expoſed to the open Air, until there
furrow'd Leaves, and white Flowers, ſtanding in one is Danger of Froſt, when they ſhould be removed into
View on the Stalk.
Shelter. As theſe Roots are ſmall, ſo they muſt not
not be planted in large Pots; for in ſuch they will
This Plant hath a bulbous Root, in Shape and Size not thrive. The largeſt Roots ſhould have a Peny-
like chofe of the Vernal Crocus, but the cover of the pot, and the ſmaller a Three-farthing, and the leaſt a
Root is white, and very thin. From the Root arife Halfpeny-pot; ſo that a Frame of Three Lights will
Five or Six long narrow Leaves, which are deeply fur- contain many of theſe Pots.
rowed : Between theſe ariſe the Flower-ſtem, which is
P L Α Τ Ε
XLI.
ANTHYLLIS, Lin. Gen. 173. Raii Mub. Plant. 105. feparate, ſo as to form Two Bodies. To this Genus
Vulneraria, Tourn. Inji. R. H. 391. Tab. 211. he has joined the Barba Jovis, Erinacea, and one Species
of Cytiſus. Doctor Tournefort places it in his Tenth
Woundwort, Kidney. Vetch, or Bladder-Pes.
Claſs of Plants, with a papilionaceous Flower of ſeveral
HIS Genus of Plants is, by Doctor Linnæus, Leaves, whoſe Pointal changes to a ſhort Pod of One
Thanged in this fepententh chains of tituled, mida teaves were kep pinceschingents i ventes. Parede celulof
delphia Decandria, the Flower having Ten Stamina, Plants, with papilionaceous or leguminous Flowers, with
Nine of which are joined together, and the other ſtands irregular pennated Leaves. The Title Vulneraria was
applied

[ 28 ]
applied to one Species of this Genus, by John Baubin, and the Seeds ripen in September; which if permitted to
and ſome other old Writers on Botany, for the ſuppoſed ſcatter, the Plants will come up the following Spring,
Virtues of the plant in healing Wounds; but that of without any Care.
Anthyllis was more generally applied by the oldeſt Au-
thors; ſo Doctor Linnæus hath adopted this Name, Fig. 2. ANTHYLLIS fruticoſa, foliis pinnatis æqualibus,
and rejected the other.
floribus capitatis, Hori. Cliff. 371. Shrubby Kidney-
Vetch, with equal pennated Leaves, and Flowers
1. The Species here repreſented are,
growing in Heads, commonly called Barba yovis, or
Fig. 1. Anthyllis herbacea foliis quaterno-pinnatis, Silver Bufo. This is the Barba Jovis pulchre lucens.
floribus lateralibus, Hort. Upſal. 221. Woundwort, 7. B. 1. 385. and Barba Jovis, C. B. P. 397. Jupiter's
Bladder-Pea, or Kidney-Vetch of Spain. Tournefort Beard, or Silver Buſh, ſo called from the Whiteneſs
calls it, Vulneraria pentaphyllos, Inft. R. H. 391. and of the Leaves. This is the firſt Sort of Barba Jovis
Caſpar Baubin titles it, Lotus pentaphyllos veficaria, in the Gardener's Di&lionary. This grows naturally
Pin. 322. and John Baubin, Trifolium balicacatum five in the South of France, in Spain, Portugal, and Italy,
veficarium, Hift. 2. 361. a, repreſents a Flower juſt where it riſes to the Height of Eight or Ten Feet,
opened on the Plant. b, is a ſingle Flower incloſed with many woody Branches, which are garniſhed with
in the ſwelling Empalement. c, is the upper Lid, ſilvery winged Leaves, which abide through the
or Standard of the Flower. d, the trifid Style. e, one Year. The Flowers are produced in the Spring, ac
of the Stamina ſeparated from the Body. This is the Extremity of the Branches, growing in Cluſters
the Fourth Sort of Vulneraria in the Gardener's Dic- or Heads, and are white. Thefe are ſucceeded by
tionary.
ſhort Pods, in each of which there are generally Two
Seeds. They ripen in July, in the natural Places
This Plant grows naturally in the South of France, of its Growth; but in England the Seeds rarely
Spain, Portugal, Italy, and other warm Countries, where come to Maturity. It is preſerved in many curious
it is a Weed in their Arable Land. The Root is annual, Gardens, for Variety, and is removed into the Green-
but if the Seeds are permitted to fcatter on the Ground, houſe in Winter, being too tender to live abroad
the Plants will come up with the firſt Warmth of Spring; through the Winter in England; but it ſhould have
and as their Branches ſpread wide, trailing on the as much free Air as poflible in mild Weather, other-
Ground, they become troubleſome Weeds, if they wife the Branches will draw, and become weak, fo will
are permitted to grow large. The Flowers are pro- not produce Flowers; nor do the Plants make a good
duced in Bunches, at the Joints from the Wings of the Appearance when they are weak. In England thefe
Leaves; but as they have little Beauty, the plants are Plants flower about the End of May, or the Beginning
ſeldom permitted to have a Place, except in Botanic
of Fune.
Gardens, for the ſake of Variety. It flowers in July, Salus
to be
Eiro
olla
sud
dolog en niet door
P L A T
Το Ε
XLII.
9497
07:00
ANTIRRHINUM, Tourn. Inft. R. H. 167. Tab. 75. Raii differ in the Colour of their Flowers; ſome are al-
Meth. Plant. 90. Lin. Gen. Plant. 668.
moft white, others yellow, and red, and in fome
the Flowers have a red or purple Flower, with yel-
SNAP-DRAGON, or CALVES-Snout,
low or white Edges. But all theſe Varieties will ariſe
HIS is ranged in the Fourth Section of Tourne- from the Seeds of any of them; ſo that they muſt
fort's Third Claſs of Plants, intituled, Herbs not be accounted diſtinct Species. But Doctor Lin-
with an anomalous, fiftulous, and perſonated Flower of One næus has allowed but Three Species of this Genus,
Leaf. Mr. Ray places it in the Second Divifion of his including the wild Sort; whereas there are Four di-
Nineteenth Claſs, intituled, Vaſculiferous Herbs, with ſtinct Species of the Garden-kind, which always
an irregular or Lip-Flower. Doctor Linnæus places it in preſerve their Differences from Seed.
his Fourteenth Claſs of Plants, which he titles Didynamia a, repreſents the Flower growing on the Spike. b, is a
Angioſpermia. And to this Genus he adds the Linaria, Flower ſplit open, fhewing the Four Stamina. f are
lor Toad-flax, the Afarina of Tournefort, and Elatine of the Four Stamina taken out of the Flower, Two of
Dillenius. But in this, I think, he will not be followed which are longer than the other Two. d, is the
by many Botaniſts; for in adding ſo many Plants to Seed-veffel. The Three firſt Sorts in the Gardener's
the Genus, it rather occaſions Confuſion, than helps the Di&tionary are Varieties of this Species. When theſe
Learner; and as there is ſo good a Diſtinction between Plants are ſet in good Ground, they grow very large
Linaria and Antirrhinum; as in the former there is a and rank; but in poor Ground, or upon old Walls
Heel or Spur to the Flower, which is wanting in the or Buildings, they do not come to half that Size ; fo
latter; and this is ſo viſible at the firſt View, as not to that they may be ſuppoſed different Plants; but
eſcape the Notice of a common Obſerver, therefore when the Seeds of thoſe on the Walls fall down
ſhould not be rejected. Beſide, there is a remarkable upon the Borders in the Garden, the Plants will then
Difference in the Netlarium of the Flowers, as alſo in put on a different Appearance. When theſe Plants
their Seed-veffels, which are ſufficient to ſeparate them grow upon Walls, or in Rubbiſh, their Branches
into Two Genera.
will not be ſo ſucculent as thoſe which grow in good
The Species here repreſented is,
Ground, ſo they will reſiſt the Froſt much better,
and will abide much longer; for when they grow
ANTIRRHINUM majus alterum folio longiore Camer. C.B.P. very rank, they feldom live longer than One Year;
1211. Another larger Snap-Dragon, with a longer whereas the other upon Walls will abide many Years,
Leaf. Of this Sort there are many Varieties, which
onim
PLATE
bazalari bil do
Lol

100
ANTIRRHINUM majus alterum folio longiore lamer. C.B.O.21.
Seking to 20kgender the supus



Pl XLIII
be
Q le
ج
)
لمنفقه
Elle
C,
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d
1
روم
A PHACA bob. Icon.70
Pabalhad anodizy to the Astoly P. Miller et
మందిరం
I. Jeffery full


PIXLIV
B
/
Fig
2.
D
E
Fig..
Fig.2.
APOCYNUM feandens folus oblongis APOOYNUM Scandens amplo flore villoſo luter
acuminatio
floribus amplis patulis et luteis. Hout. filiquis tumidis angutofis glabris. Houdt.
Published acvrling to the Act by P. Miller Ort"3756.

[ 29
]
P L A T
E
XLIII.
T"
APHACA, Tourn. Inft. R. H. 399. Tab. 223. Raii Meth. This Plant is, by Caſpar Baubin, tituled, Vicia lutta,
103. Latbyrus, Lin. Gen. 781.
foliis convolvuli minoris, Pin. 345. and by Fobu Baubin,
Vicia quæ Pitine Anguillare lata filiqua flere luteo, J. B. 2.
HIS Plant is ranged in the Second Section p. 316. There is another Variety of this Plant men-
of Tournefort's Twelfth Claſs, intituled, Herbs. tioned by Tournefort, in his Inftitutions of Botany, with
with a Pea-flower, whoſe Pointal turns into a á white Flower ſtriped with black; but this is only a
long unicapſular Pod. Mr. Ray places it in his Twenty- feminal Variation, which doth not continue, but changes
firit Claſs of Plants, with a leguminoſe Flower, having to yellow when fown.
fingle Leaves, and fmooth Pods. Doctor Linnæus The Aphaca is found growing wild in ſeveral Parts
ranges it in his Seventeenth Claſs of Plants, intituled, of England, chiefly in the Fields which are fown with
Diadelpbia decandria, joining this to the Lathyrus and Wheat and Rye, or ſuch other things as are fown in
Clymenums of Tournefort; but as it is very difficult to Autumn; for if the Seeds of this plant are fown in the
diſtinguiſh the Plants of this Claſs, without taking the Spring, they feldom grow the firſt Year; which is the
Order of their Leaves and Tendrils to our Amſtance, Reaſon of its being rarely found in ſuch Fields as are
as Tournefort and Ray have done, ſo if we do, we muſt ploughed and ſown in the Spring. This is a trailing
ſeparate this Genus from the Lathyrus and Clymenum, as Plant: it grows about Two Feet high, faſtening itſelf
this hath ſingle Leaves, and the Tendrils proceeding by the Tendrils, to whatever Plants grow near it; and
from the Joints of the Stalk between the Leaves which where there happens to be no Support near, the Branches
grow oppoſite.
trail upon the Ground. The Flowers are produced in
The Characters of this Genus are exhibited in the June and July, and the Seeds ripen in Augujt; which if
Gardener's Dictionary.
permitted to ſcatter, the Plants will come up better
There is but one Species of this Genus at preſent than when they are lown with Care.
known, which is here repreſented, viz.
There is little Beauty in the Flowers of this Plant
APHACA, Lob. Icon. 70. Yellow Vetchling. to recommend it; but as there is a natural Loofe-
a, repreſents a fingle Flower, which is of the Pea- neſs in the trailing Branches, which renders it proper
bloom kind. bb, the Empalement of the Flower, for Ornaments in Needle-work, or for printing on
which is divided into Five Parts.cc, the Pointal, Linens, ſo we judged it might prove acceptable to
which afterward becomes the Pod. d, the Pod in- fuch Perſons who are employed in either of thoſe
tire. , the Pod opened, ſhowing how the Seeds are Branches.
ranged. do
dur
com o
PL AT E
XLIV.
ad
2015
ApocynUM, Raii Meth. Plant, 78. C. B. P. 302. Tourn. a, repreſents the Front of the Flower ſpread open.
Inji. R. H. 91. Tab. 20. Lin. Gen. Plant. 269. b, the hinder Part of the Flower, ſhewing the Cup,
which is divided into Five Parts. C, the angular
DOGS-BANE; in French Apocin.
ſwelling Seed-vefiel. d, one of the Seeds taken out
of the Pod, with the Down adhering to it.
HIS Genus of Plants is, by Mr. Ray, placed in
TI
his Eighteenth Claſs, intituled, Herbs with many Theſe Two Plants were diſcovered by the late Doctor
Seed-veſſels fucceeding each Flower. Doctor Tourne- William Houſtoun, at Vera Cruz, in New Spain, in the
fort ranges it in his Firſt Claſs of Plants, with a mo- Year 1729, and the Seeds of both Sorts he fent to
nopetalous Bell-ſhaped Flower, whole Pointal changes England, where many of the Plants were raifed in ſome
into a Fruit compoſed of ſeveral Sheaths, or Hufks. of the curious Gardens ; but as they grew too high for
Doctor Linnaus places it in the Second Diviſion of his the Stoves which were then built, and being too tender to
Fifth Claſs of Plants, intituled, Pentandria Digynia, live thro' the Winter in England, without artificial Hear,
The Characters of this Genus are exhibited in the fo they perifhed before they perfected any Seeds. The
Gardener's Dittionary.
firſt Sort produced Flowers in the Chelſea Garden ; but
the fecond Sort grew fo luxuriantly, as to ſpread over
The Species here repreſented are,
all the Plants which grew near it, and had no Appear-
Fig. 1. Aroeynum ſcandans foliis oblongis acuminatis flow ance of flowering,
ribus amptis patulis & luteis, Houjt. Manf. Climbing In the native Country of their Growth, theſe Plants
Dogs.bane, with oblong pointed Leaves, and large are generally found in Woods, where they twiſt them-
yellow ſpreading Flowers.
felves about the neighbouring Trees, and climb to
Fig. 2. APOCYNUM ſcandens amplo flere villefoluteo fili- the Height of Thirty or Forty. Feet. They produce
quis tumidis angulofis glabris, Houft. Manſ. Climbing their Flowers in July, and their Seeds ripen in January
Apocynum, with a large yellow hairy Flower, and a following,
ſmooth angular ſwelling Fruit.
NUM. VIII
1
The

[ 30 ]
The Figures of both theſe Plants were drawn by Doctor's Death, as he had bequeathed me all his Pa-
Doctor Houſtoun, on the Spot where he diſcovered them; pers, Drawings, and Collection of dried Plants.
and were ſent to me, with their Deſcription, after the
P L Α Τ Ε
XLV.
T
APOCYNUM erectum, Africanum, villoſo fruétu, ſalicis ftantly hold in the Plants which are raiſed from Seeds.
folio lato ſubbir futo, Par. Bat. 24.
The broad-leaved Sort is found growing naturally in
Spain, as alſo in Minorca, from whence the Seeds have
Upright African Dogs-bane, with a hairy Fruit, and broad been ſent to England. But it is alſo a Native at the Cape
bairy Willow Leaves.
of Good Hope, from whence the Seeds were firſt brought
to Holland; but the Sort here figured differs greatly from
a, repreſents a ſingle Flower, whoſe Petals are fallen, both thoſe Species in the whole Habit of the Plant ; for
and the Five-cornered Nectarium open. b, thews the Branches of this grow diffufed, whereas the other
the hinder Part of the Flower, with the Empalement. grow erect; and there is a great Difference in their Pods,
C, the Pointal of the Flower, which riſes between thoſe of the other terminating in a ſharp Point, whereas
the five-cornered Nectarium, which afterward begins theſe are obtuſe; and the Leaves of this are broader
to form the Pod, as at d. €, is the Pod full-grown than either of the other, and are pointed and hairy : ſo
and intire. f, the Pod opening, fhewing how the there can be no Doubt of its being a diftinct Species,
Seeds are ranged over each other. g, a fingle Seed eſpecially as it always maintains this Difference when
without its Down.
raiſed from Seeds.
Theſe Three Sorts are propagated by Cuttings, which
HE Seeds of this Plant were ſent me from the ſhould lie a Day or Two to dry, after they are ſeparated
Cape of Good Hope, in the Year 1752 ; from which from the Plants ; for as the Plants do abound with a
I raiſed ſeveral Plants, which have fince flowered, and milky Juice, ſo if the wounded Part be not dried before
perfected their Seeds, in the Chelſea-Garden. It is a the Cuttings are planted, they are very ſubject to rot; as
Shrub, riſing about Five or Six Feet high, dividing in- they alſo are, if they receive too much Wet; therefore
to ſeveral ſpreading Branches, which are garniſhed with the fureſt Way to propagate theſe by Cuttings, is to
Leaves, placed irregularly, being ſometimes oppoſite, plant them in Pots, filled with light Earth, and to
and often growing alternate, and frequently Three plunge the Pots into a moderate Hot-bed of Tanners-
Leaves coming out round the Stalk, as if they aroſe bark, giving them but little water. This may be done
from the fame Joint. The Leaves are about Three in any of the Summer Months, and the Cuttings will
Inches long, and half an Inch broad in the Middle, put out Roots in a Month; when they muſt be expoſed
and are hairy. The Flowers are produced in Bunches to the open Air, to harden them before Winter. The
which come out from the Branches, by the Foot-ſtalks Plants do not require any Heat in Winter, ſo may be
of the Leaves, and are of a whitiſh Colour, a little in- preſerved in the Green-houſe, being careful that they
clining to purple. Theſe are of One Leaf, cut into have not too much Wet at that Seafon. They flower
Five Parts, and ſtand on a pretty long Foot-ſtalks. The moſt part of Summer, and the Seeds ripen late in the
Flowers are ſucceeded by roundiſh ſwelling Pods, which Autumn.
are beſet with Hairs; and when ripe do open length- The Down, which adheres to all the Species of Dogs-
wife, and diſcloſe the Seeds, which are placed imbrica- bane, is very ſoft and elaſtic; ſo that if it be prefied
tim, like Slates upon Buildings, each having a Plume cloſe together, no ſooner is the Weight removed from
of ſoft Down adhering to the upper-part, which help it, but it expands to its former Balk. This is much
to diſperſe the Seeds to a great Diſtance.
uſed in France for ſtuffing of Cuſhions and Pillars, be-
There are Two other Species of this Plant, which ing extremely light and ſoft
. It is there called De la
approach near to this; and Doctor Linnæus hath fup- Wade. In England it hath been uſed for Quilts, being
poſed them to be only feminal Varieties, ſo makes them very proper for Perſons who are troubled with the Gour,
the ſame; but as they do not vary when raiſed from who cannot bear any weighty Covering over them;
Seeds, ſo they may with Certainty be deemed diſtinct this being very warm, yet ſo light as not to be felt, or
Species. The Two other are, the broad and narrow occafion any Pain. But as this Down cannot he had in
fmooth Willow-leav'd Dogs-bane. Theſe Two differ large Quantities from Engliſh Growth, ſo thoſe Perſons
from each other only in the Breadth of their Leaves; who are deſirous to have it, muft procure it from Ame-
the latter having pointed Leaves, whereas thoſe of the rica, where ſeveral Species do grow in great Plenty,
former are more obtuſe; and theſe Differences do con-
PLATE

PL XLV
APOCYNUM tume fricanum villoso fructu salicis folio late subhinuuto Par Baby,24
lapiny Mall



ΡΙΧΙΝΙ
AQUIPOLIUM fiverAgrifolium vulgo J.B.1.14
Polikel wwwding the leto by ouder Ostens.
ماروی کوپر


ΡΙΧΙΝΙΑΣ
AQUILEGIA pumila pracow Canadenfis Cornut. Canad.6o.
Bleked amording to the Art by Miller Ort. 08.1985-

[ 31 ]
P L Α Τ Ε
XLVI.
T
AQUIFOLIUM, Tourn. Inft. R. H. 600. Tab. 371. Agri- a, repreſents a ſingle Flower, with its Four Stamina.
folium, Reti Mub. Plant. 135. Ilex, Lin. Gen. Plant. 158. b, the intire Berries. c, a Berry cur through, ſhew-
ing the Four Seeds lodged in their feparate Cells.
HOLLY-TREE; in French Houx,
Doctor Linnæus titles this, Ilex foliis ovatis acutis Spi-
HIS Genus of Plants is, by Doctor Tourne- nofis, Hort. Cliff. 40. As there are ſome of theſe Plants
fort, ranged in the Second Section of his Twen- which produce only male Flowers, which are not ſucceed-
tieth Claſs, intituled, Trus and Shrubs with a Flower ed by Fruit, and others whoſe Flowers are hermaphro-
of Ont Leaf, whoſe Pointal changes to a Fruit having dite, and have Berries ſucceeding them; fo this Genus,
bard Seeds. Mr. Ray places this Genus in his Third according to Doctor Linnæus's Syſtem, ſhould be placed
Divifion of Trees and Sbrubs bearing Berries which have in his Twenty-ſecond Claſs of Plants, and in his Fourth
Four Seeds in each. Doctor Linnæus puts this Genus in Diviſion, which he titles, Dioecia Tetrandria.
his Fourth Claſs of Plants, intituled, Tetrandria Tetra- The Holly-Tree is ſo well known in England as to
gynia, and has applied the Title of llex to it, which need no Deſcription. It grows naturally in the Woods
Name hath been, by moſt of the modern Writers on in many Parts of England. The nfual Growth of theſe
Botany, applied to the Evergreen Oak; but as that muſt Trees is from Twenty to Thirty Feet high, though in
be placed under Quercus, by every Writer on the Me- fome Places there are ſome of a greater Height; but
thod of ranging Plants, as the Characters are the fame the general Growth of them is not more than I have
with the Common Oak, fo the Doctor may be better mentioned. They flower in June, and the Berries are
excuſed in applying this Title of Ilex to the Holly, than ripe in Winter. Theſe Berries, when fown, do very
in many other inſtances where he has changed the rarely grow the firſt Year; ſo they are generally buried
Names of Plants, becauſe this of Ilex hath been applied one Year in the Ground, and taken up again in the
by ſome of the old Writers on Botany to the Holly; Autumn, and fown: The Spring following the Plants
but he is not ſo excuſeable in joining to this Genus, will come up; ſo that there is one Year's weeding of
the Dodonæa of Plumier, and the Caffine, neither of the Beds faved by this Method; and the Seeds ſuc-
which do agree in their Characters with the Holly: for cred much better than thoſe which are fown the firſt
the Dodonæa hath a Funnel-ſhaped Flower divided at Year.
the Top into Three Parts, having but Three Stamina, The Holly being ever-green, has been long propas
which is ſucceeded by an oblong Fruit, having but gated in the Gardens for its Beauty, and was formerly
One Seed; ſo that it ſhould not be placed in this in great Uſe for making Hedges: but ſince the old Me-
Claſs, but in his Third Claſs of Plants. The Caffine thod of clipp'd Hedges and ſhorn Trees hath been caſt
ſhould alſo be placed in his Fifth Claſs of Plants, for out of Gardens, the Holly has not been ſo much pro-
the Flowers have each Five Stamina; ſo that it is plain pagated. Though there are few Ever-greens of greater
the Doctor had not ſeen the Flowers of either of thoſe Beauty, where they are judiciouſly diſpoſed. The Va-
Plants when he publiſhed the laſt Edition of his Genera riety of variegated Hollies, which have been preſerved
Plantarum ; nor is it to be ſuppoſed that he has ſeen the in the Engliſh Gardens, greatly exceeded what could be
Plants either growing, or a Specimen of the Caffine: found in any other Country, and for ſome Years were
for he ſuppoſes that the ever-green Sort, whoſe Leaves eſteemed the greateſt Ornaments of the Engliſh Gardens ;
are placed alternately on the Branches, to be the ſame fo that in many of them, theſe Trees were ſo much
Species as the Daboon Holly; whereas the Leaves, and crouded, as to leave little Room for other Plants; bur
whole Habit of the Plants are totally different. He fince the Alteration of the Englijb Taſte, they have
alſo ſuppoſes the deciduous Caffine, whoſe Leaves grow been almoſt totally rooted out.
been almoſt totally rooted out. Yet, when theſe Trees
oppolite, to be the ſame with the Phillyrea Capenſis
, are properly diſpoſed in Gardens, and permitted to have
which is figured in the Elibam-Garden, which are as dif- their natural Shape, they are very ornamental in the
ferent as the former.
Winter-Seaſon.
From the Bark of the Holly is made Birdlime, and
The Species here figured is,
the Wood is uſed by the Turners for many of their
AQUIFOLIUM five Agrifolium vulgo, 7. B. 1. 114. The Wares, being very hard and white, and poliſhes very
Common Holly. This is, by Caſpar Baubin, tituled, ſmooth.
Blox aculeata baccifera, folio finuato, Pin. 426
P L A T E XLVII.
AQUILEGIA, Tourn. Inf. R. H. 428. Tab. 242. Rai Ray ranges it in his Eighteenth Claſs of Plants with
Meth. Plant, 79. Lin. Gen. Plant. 605. irregular Flowers, which are fucceeded by many Pods.
Doctor Linnæus places it in his Fifth Diviſion of the
COLUMBINE; in French ANCHOLIE.
Thirteenth Claſs of Plants, intituled, Pelyandria Per-
tagynia ; the Flowers having many Stamina, and Five
THIS Genus of Plants is, by Doctor Tournefort, Germina.
placed in His Eleventh Claſs, intituled, Herbs and The Characters of this Genus are exhibited in the
Under jorubs with a polypetalous anomalous Flower. Mr. Gardener's Dictionary,
The

[ 32 ]
cies; therefore thoſe which are uſually termed the Starry
The Species here repreſented is,
Columbine, muſt be diftinguiſhed from thoſe called
AQUILEGIA pumila precox Canadenſis, Cornut. Canad. 60. the Roſe Columbine: and there are three other which
Early dwarf Columbine of Canada. a, fhews the are as diſtinct, mentioned by Tournefort, excluſive of
Flower, as it is divided into Five Parts next the Foot- this. And there is another Variety of this, mentioned
ſtalk. b, the Number of Stamina, which ſtretch out in the Catalogue of the King's Garden at Paris, under
beyond the Corolla. ¢, the Seed-veffel, which is the Title of Aquilegia Canadenfis precox procerior: but I
compoſed of five Cells, each terminating with a doubt of their being different Species; for from the
crooked Tail. This is the Sixth Species mentioned fame Seeds I have had Plants which grew not more
in the Gardener's Diktionary. By Doctor Linnæus it than One Foot high, and others have been near double
is tituled, Aquilegia nectariis reflis, ftaminibus corolla that Height; ſo that I ſuſpect it may be owing to the
longioribus, Hort. Upfal. 153.
Soil and Situation of the Plants, that this Difference
in their Growth is occafioned, for I have not obſerved
Doctor Tournefort enumerates Thirty-nine Varieties any Difference in their Leaves or Flowers. This Plant
of Columbine ; but theſe are all reduced to Three Species flowers in April, and the Seeds ripen in Auguft. It grows
by Doctor Linnæus, which is too ſmall in Number; for naturally in Canada, Virginia, and moſt of the Northern
although the various Colours of their Flowers ſhould Parts of America, from whence the Seeds have been
not be admitted as Differences, yet the Structure of ſent to Europe.
their Flowers may be allowed to diſtinguiſh the Spe-
10
ball
Dom
bailag
PLAT
Τ Ε
XLVIII.
ARBUTUS, Tourn. Inft. R. H. 598. Tab. 368. Raii Me- Fig. 2. ARBUTUS folia ferrato, C. B. P. 460. Straw-
thod. Plant. 155. Lin. Gen. Plant. 488.
berry-Tree with a fawed Leaf, and round Fruit.
The STRAWBERRY-TREE; in French AR BOUSIER.
It is not certain if theſe are diſtinct Species, or only
THIS Genus of Plants is ranged, by Doctor Varieties which ariſe from the fame Seeds; however,
Tournefort, in his Twentieth Clals, intituled, Trees as there is ſo great Difference in the Flowers and Fruit
and Shrubs with a monopetalous Flower, whoſe Pointal be- of theſe Trees, ſo we have exhibited the Two Sorts as
comes a ſoft Fruit, filled with bard Seeds. Mr. Ray places they are generally termed by the Gardeners. I have
it among the Trees bearing Berries, including ſeveral alſo obſerved, that where theſe have food near each
Seeds; and Doctor Linnæus ranges it in his Tenth Claſs other, in the fame Soil and Expoſure, that the Sort
of Plants, intituled, Decandria Monogynia; the Flower with round Fruit has been the moſt plentiful Bearer.
having Ten Stamina, and One Germen.
Theſe Trees grow naturally upon the Hills in Italy
The Characters of this Genus are exhibited in the and Spain, as alſo in the weſtern Part of Ireland. They
Gardener's Diktionary
riſe to the Height of Twenty or Thirty Feet, but do
Ils nod
The Species here repreſented are,
rarely riſe with an upright Stem, uſually dividing into
gong91
many Stems near the Ground, which put out, on every
Fig. 1. Arbutus folio ſerrato, flore oblongo, fručtu ovato, Side, Branches, which are garniſhed with oblong lawed
Michel. Hort. Pif. The Strawberry-Tree with a fawed Leaves, of a bright green, and are ſtiff. Thele abide
Leaf, an oblong Flower, and oval Fruit. 4, ſhews all the Winter, and are thruſt off in the Spring by the
the oblong Pitcher-ſhaped Flower. b, the oval Fruit. new ones; ſo that it is always cloathed with Leaves.
(, the Fruit cut tranſverſely, ſhewing the Five Cells The Flowers appear in September and Elober; foon after
in which the Seeds are lodged. d, the Fruit cut lon- which time, the Fruit, which fucceeded the Flowers of
gitudinally. e, the Seed taken out of the Cell. f, the the former Year, are ripe; for they are at leaſt a Year
Style which is ſtretched out at the End of the Fruit. from the flowering to the ripening of the Fruit.
(IIVI
VÀ TÀI SỰ
di 31. ATOA
ton
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...
SLORO ni nam
12 two
10
mal PLATE

PL XIVIIT
Fig.2
Fig. 1.
Fig.NARBUTUS Solo
Fig.2.ARBU TUS hlio serrato. cise.



PL XLIX
Arctotis ramis decumbentibus foliis-lineari lanceolatis rigidis subtus
argenteis
flore magno aureo. prediculo longiſsimo. .
Pullohal aveling to the lit by P...Allar Novemt the 25.pas


PIL
AR GEMONE Mavicana Toum.239.
Published acerrding to the Art by P Miller Nw? 98.5",
3. Jefore and

[ 33 ]
PL Α Τ Ε
XLIX.
T
ARCTOTIS, Lin. Gen. Plant. 886. ArFlothua, Vaill. Ac. Rib in the Middle; the Upper-fide being of a dark
R. Scien. 1720. Anemonoſpermos, Herm. Cat. Com. green Colour, and ſmooth, but the Under-fide is very
Hort. Amft. 2. p. 45.
white. They are ſtiff, and for the moſt part entire; but
Tome few are cut in on their Sides into Three Parts, and
We have no Engliſh Name for this Genus of Plants.
others into Five; as they are repreſented in the Figure.
HIS Genus of Plants is by Doctor Linnæus From between the Leaves the Foot-ſtalk of the Flower
ranged in his Nineteenth Claſs, intituled, Syn- arifes, which is near Six Inches long, having on the
geneſia Polygamia neceſſaria ; . the hermphro- Top One large Flower, whoſe Rays are of a gold Co-
dite Flowers in each Empalement being abortive, the lour within, but of a pale yellow on the Outſide : At
Female Flowers only having Seeds ſucceed them. Vail- the Baſe of the Rays there is a bcautiful Circle of black
lant, in the Memoirs of the Academy of Sciences for chequered with white; and the Dirk within the Circle
1720, ranges this Genus in his Claſs of corymbiferous is of the fame Colour with the Rays. Theſe Flowers
Plants with radiated Flowers; and Doctor Boerhaave are produced in May and June ; but they are not ſuc-
places it in his Claſs, intituled, Gymnomonosperma 'diſci ceeded by any more till the next Seaſon; whereas moſt
flore. Doctor Herman gave the Title of Anemonoſpermos of the other Species of this Genus are ſeldom deftirute
to this Genus, from the Character of the Seeds; which of Flowers, except in the Middle of Winter. This Sort
are furrounded with a Down, like thoſe of the Anemone ; produces no Seeds in England; but it is very eaſily pro-
and Vaillant gave it the Title of Arttotheca, from the pagated by Cuttings, which if planted in any of the
Sheath or Cover of the Seeds being hairy like a Bear ; Summer Months, and placed upon an old Hot-bed,
and the French Name which he adds to it Ourſe. The ſhading them from the Sun in the Middle of the Day,
other Characters of this Genus are exhibited in the Gar- they will take root in Five or Six Wecks; when they
dener's Dictionary
ſhould be expoſed to the open Air, that they may not be
drawn up weak; for the more the plants are expoſed to
The Species here repreſented is,
the open Air, the better they will flower ; but in the
Arctotis ramis decumbentibus, foliis lineari-lanceolatis the Pots are placed under an Hot-bed Frame in Au-
Winter they muſt be protected from Froſt, ſo that if
rigidis fubtus argenteis
, flore magno aureo, pediculo lon- tumn, where in mild Weather they may enjoy the free
gilimo. i. e. Arēlotis with trailing Branches, narrow Air, and in the Nights, or when it is cold, they may be
ftiff Leaves, white on their Under-ſide, and a large cover'd with the Glaſſes and Mats to ſcreen them from
golden Flower ſtanding on a long Foot-ſtalk.
Froſt, they will thrive and flower better than when they
This Plant has been lately introduced into the Gar. are more tenderly managed. In Summer they muſt be
dens from the Cape of Good Hope, where all the Species placed in the open Air, with other exotic Plants from
of this Genus do naturally grow: But this Sort hath by the ſame Country, where they will make a fine Appear-
much the moft ſpecious Flower of any yet diſcovered. ance during their Seaſon of flowering. As the old Plants
I received this Plant from Doctor Adrian Van Royen, the are ſubject to rot in Winter, therefore there ſhould be a
late Profeſſor of Botany in Leyden, and have ſince dif, Supply of young ones raiſed from time to time to fue-
tributed it to many curious Perſons in England. The ceed them for the young Plants will flower berter, and
Branches of this Plant are woody, and ſpread themſelves make a finer Appearance than the old.
flat on the Surface of the Ground. Theſe are garniſhed This is the laſt Sort mentioned in the Gardener's Die-
with Leaves, which come out in no regular Order, but tionary. At the time when the laſt Edition of that
was
are placed on every Side the Branches. They are about printed, this Plant had been but lately introduced into
Four Inches long, and about half an Inch broad toward England; fo the Culture of it was not ſo well known
the End where they are broadeft, with one longitudinal as at preſents therefore I have inſerted it here.
mm
boots
ads si zo weinid gaidmibadghqu
sud: dwo i to
dan bas as lots
ni bil nuotol 575
.-
01.00
latest
is al llunan zorg 103
a ribam illos
ibidodo al zit.
De
PL Α Τ Ε
L T
L.
ARCIMONE, Tourn. Inft: R. H. 239. Tab. 121. Lin. There is but one Species of this Genus, which is here
Gen. Plant. 574.
repreſented; viz.
HIS Plant is ranged in the Second Section of ARGIMONE Mexicana, Inft. R. H. 239. Mexican Prickly
T!
Tournefort's Sixth Claſs, intituled, Herbs witba Roſe- Poppy
Moaped Flower, whoſe Point al or Empalement turns to a Fruit
sullo one Cell
. a Doctor Linnaus places it in his Thir. Pin
. 172. Prod. ga. 9. B. 3-1397. Doctor Merijen, in
This is by the Two Baubins called Papaver Spinofum,
teenth Claſs, intituled, Polyandria Monogynia, the Flower his Hiſtory of Plants, 2. p. 277, intitles it Papaver ſpi-
having many Stamina, and One Germen. In Engliſe nefum luteum, foliis albis venis notatis. Doctor Linnæus
it is called PRICKLY POPPY,
has added Two other Species to this Genus, which
NUM. IX.
jo
IST
Tone ht
PO
K
Doctor

[ 34 ]
a
Doctor Tournefort placed under Papaver ; to which Genus attempted to eat it. The whole Plant abounds with
they more properly belong, as they agree in their Cha- yellow Juice, like the Celandine, which flows out on the
racter with the Welch Poppy; which is continued under Plant's being broken or wounded. The Seeds of this
the Genus of Poppy by Doctor Linnæus: And this Spe- Plant are uſed in the Weſt Indies to purge; and the Juice
cies he titles Argemone capſulis quinquevalvibus foliis fpi- of it is eſteemed good for fore Eyes. It is uted for many
nofis, Spec. Plant. 508. 2, ſhews the Flower, with the Diſorders in the Weft-Indies; but in Europe, I believe,
Stamina in the Centre, furrounding the Germen; b, the it is not uſed in Medicine.
Seed-veſſel, opening at the Top; C, the Seeds taken out This Plant grows naturally all over the Weſt-Indies,
of the Capſule.
where it is a very troubleſome Weed in all the cultivated
The Seeds of this Plant were brought from America, Lands; for if a few Plants are fuffered to fcatter their
by the Title of Figo del inferno, or Ficus infernalis, the Seeds, they will fufficiently ſtock the Ground. And in
Infernal Fig; ſuppoſed to be fo called from a Reſeroblance thoſe Gardens in England, where this plant hath been
between the Seed-veffel of this plant and the Fig; but fown, the Seeds have fallen, and the Plants have in many
being cloſely beſet with Prickles, it may have endan- Places become troubleſome to root out again.
gered the Lives of ſome ignorant Perſons, who have
nosib
but givinowoli slama
to us Able to dni
id must
il ni siasa
TokoT
P P. L A
bebaut
SVET
E
T
.
LI,
baldin
71. Rafi
ARISTOLOCHIA, Tourn. Inft. R. H. 162. Tab.
the Gardener's Dictionary. In French it is called Aris
Meth. Plant. 89. Lin. Gen. Plant. 911.
fblocbe.
BIRTHWORT.
Fig. 2. ARISTOLOCHTA longa vera, C. B. P. 307. The
true long-rooted Birthwort; in French, Ariſtoloche lor -
T
Ournefort places this Genus in the Second Section of gue. Doctor Linnæus title it, Ariſtolochia foliis cor-
his Third Claſs of Plants, intituled, Herbs with ano- datis petiolatis integerrimis obtufiufculis, caule infirmo, flo-
malous tubulous Flowers of One Leaf, ending in a Tongues - ribus folitariis, Spec
. Plant. 962. This is the Second
Mr. Ray ranges it in the Second Section of his Nineteenth Species in the Gardener's Dillionary. ods monas
Claſs, which he titles, Herbs bearing Pods, with an ira y de todella patog platna changed
regular difform Flower of One Leaf : And Doctor Linnæus The Firſt Sort is very common in the Engliſh Gardens.
places it in his Twentieth Claſs of Plants, and in the Fifth Where-ever it is once planted, it ſpreads ſo faſt by its
Order; which he calls Gynandria Hexandria, from the creeping Root, as to render it difficult to extirpate again ;
Summits or Antheræ being joined to the Pointal.b for the Roots will run Three or Four Feet deep in a light
The Characters of this Genus are exhibited in the Soil; and if any part of the Root is left in the Ground,
Gardener's Dictionary,
Hirit it will ſhoot up again, and produce a great Number of
Nel 5
Am Plants; and fome of theſe Roots having been throwa
The Species here repreſented are, o sidebarang out of Gardens, have ſpread themſelves in Fields, and
oriol Stolymár by the side of Highways ; fo chata fome Perſons have
Fig. 1. Aristolochia clematitis retta, C. B. P. 307. fuppoſed this Plant to be a Native of England ; but as
Upright climbing Birthwort. This is the Ariſtolochia it is never found remote from Gardens, it is certain that
Saracenica of Dodonæus, Pemp. 326. and Ariſtolochia this is not the natural Place of its Growth; but was
clematitis vulgaris of John Baubin, Hift. 3. p. 560. Dr. introduced from France, where it is found wild in the
Linnæus titles it Ariſtolochia foliis cordatis, caule ere&to, Fields. The other Sort grows naturally in the South
floribus axillaribus confertis, Hort. Upſal
. 279. Spec. of France, Spain, and Italy, from whence the Roots
Plant. 962. This is the Third Species enumerated in are brought to England, for medicinal Uſe.
A
G
A
oq T.
E
Si Hair
eins to no sé
.ISI.
.H.
MOM OBA
PL
LII.
on sama Mon 10 noissa brosa oda ni bagnat d'ar
49907 - H.bobni aslo dai ប្រមុខ
bolts ow Tod yd i dT
hasta
ARUM, Tourn. Inft. R. H. 152. Tab. 69. Raii Meth. Mr. Ray places it in his Seventeenth Claſs of Plants,
Pl. 74. Lin. Gen. Plant. 915. ed which he titles, Berry-bearing Herbs. Dr. Linneus places it
in his Seventh Diviſion of the Twentieth Claſs of Plants,
WAKE-ROBIN, or Cuckow-Pint. and intituled, Gynandria Polyandria, from the Stamina be-
ing inſerted in the Germen. The whole Structure of
Octor Tournefort ranges this Genus of Plants in the the Flower in this Genus is very fingular,
Firſt Section of his Third Claſs of Plants, intituled, The Characters of this Genus are exhibited in the
Herbs with an anomalous or cowled Flower of One Leaf, Gardener's Dillionary,
The

FILE
Freya
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Fig... ARISTOLOCHIA dematitii meta C.2.0.307.
ARISTOLOCHIA longa wera C.2.2.307
Published aceeding to the Aet bag Moller ? »3."qas.
in Jeffery soupe


PILIE
Fig.
Fig.
Anum vulgare non maculatum C.3.0.195
Fago. Anum Ceylanicum humile lampolüm pistille purpureo
Published according to the Aed by Meller Nous pas
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Fig.
Fig./ASARUM Dod pempt 558
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Reneke delen
Published exording to the Art by P Miller ways
ar

[ 35 ]
a Screw ; b, the Pointal, which is long, fiender, and
The Species here repreſented are,
of a deep purple Colour.
Fig. 1. Arum vulgare, Ger. Emac. 834. Common This Species approaches near to one which is figured
Arum, Wake-Robin, or Cuckow-Pinr. 4, repre- by Doctor Commelin, in the Hortus. Amftelodamenfis; but
ſents the Cowl, or Hood; b, the Pointal of the Flower, the Leaves of his are not ſo much pointed, and have
in which are inſerted the Germen, with the Stamina much longer Foot-ſtalks than this, and grow more erect.
collected, as it were, in a Body ſhaped like a Club, The Cowl of his Flower is alſo erect, and not pointed,
or ſpread open, as this is; ſo we may determine them
This is the Firſt Species mentioned in the Gardener's The Colour alfo of his Pointal is ſcarlet, and this is
to be different Plants, tho' from the fame Country:
Dictionary. It grows naturally on the Sides of Banks, deep purple; but that would not be admitted as a fpe-
and in thady Places, in moft Parts of England, there cific Difference, was there not a manifeft Differenec in
fore is not permitted to have a Place in Gardens; it the Shape of the Leaves and Flower.
flowers in April, and the Seeds are ripe in July, when
The Root of this Plant was brought from Ceylon,
they are of a deep Orange Colour. The Roots of this with ſome other Plants
, in the Year 1752 ; but this was
Plant are uſed in Medicine. They are full of Acrimony, the only Plant which came alive in the Parcel : It has
fo that if a Perſon taſte it when it is in Vigour, it will flowered the Two laſt Years in the Chelſea Garden. The
bite the Tongue the whole Day, and in this Acrimony uſual Time of its flowering is in April the Cowl of the
conſiſts the Virtue of the Root; therefore thoſe who Flower is about Six Inches long, but inclines toward the
make uſe of it ſhould take up the Roots foon after the Ground, the long Point being always twiſted like a
Seeds are ripe, when they are inactive and firm; and Screw. 'The Inſide of the Cowl is of a deep purple Co-
the Roots which are at that Seaſon taken up, will retain lour, but the Outſide is of an herbaceous green; the
their Pungency the whole Year; whereas thoſe which Piſtil is long, Nender, of a fine purple Colour, ſtand-
are gathered in the Spring, when the Leaves are freſh, ing out of the Cowl, turning upward; the Flower hath
will thrink up in a few Days, and loſe all their Virtue.
a very fetid Scent; approaching to Carrion, or to that
of the Flower of common Dragon. The Root is tu-
Fig. 2. ARUM Ceylanicum bumile latifolium, piftillo pur- berous, like thoſe of the common Arum. The Leaves
purco. 'Broad-leav'd Dwarf Cuckow-Pint, with a' of this Sort remain moft Part of the Year. It is very
purple Piftil
. a, repreſents the Cowl of the Flower, tender, fo requires to be kept in the Bark-ſtove, other-
which is always reflexed, and twiſted at the Point like wiſe it will not live thro' the Winter in England.
Tad roost
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1. ASARUM, Tourn. Inji. R. H. 501. Tab. 286. ble Plant, feldom riling more than Three Inches high;
Raii Mab. Plant. 25. Lin. Gen. Plant. 522. the Leaves and Flowers have ſhort Foor-ſtalks, which
rife immediately from the Root; ſo that the Flowers
are ſeldom ſeen, unleſs look'd for between the Leaves.
ASARABACCA, in French, CABARET.
The Flowers are of an herbaceous Colour on the Out-
Oćtor Tournefort ranges this Plant in the First Sec. fide; and within they are of a worn-out purple Co-
tion of his Fifteenth Claſs, intituled, Heris with lonr, ſo they make but a ſmall Appearance. The Time
a jiamineous Flower, the binder Part of wboje Cup becomes of their flowering is in April or May; but their Leaves
ibe Capſule. Mr. Ray places it in his Fifth Clafs of Plants; remain thro' the Year. This Plant delights in a moiſt
a
with ftamineous Flowers having no Petals, but the Ca-
lix furrounds the Stamina and Pointal. Doctor Linnens of this Sort are uſed in Medicine, to purge off thick
Tanges it in his Eleventh Clafs, which includes thoſe Phlegm, but particularly in the green Purges for Mad-
nels.
Plants which have from Eleven to Nineteen Stamina in
clufive in their Flowers. He titles this Claſs Dodecas-
The other Sort differs from this, in having the Leaves
more pointed, and being of a darker Green. This is
a Native of Nortb America, from whence it hath been
The Species here repreſented are,
brought to Europe; and is preferved in the Gardens of
thoſe Perſons who are curious in collecting rare Plants.
1. ASARUM, Dod. Pemp. 358. Common Afarabaeca. It will live in the open Air in Englanil
, being rarely hurt
By Parkinſon, Aſarum vulgare. Doctor Linnæus titles by Cold; but muſt have a ſhady Situation.
it, Aſarum foliis reniformibus obtufis binis, Spec. Plant. Fig. 2: Asclepias, Tourn. Inft. R. H. 93. Tab. 22
Raii Metb. Plant. 78. Lin. Gen. Plant. 270. Swallow-
2. ASARUM, Canadenſe Cornut. 24. Canada Aſarabacca. wort, or Tame Poiſon, in French, Dowpte-venin. Dr.
This Doctor Linnæus titles, Ajarum foliis reniformibus Tournefort places this Genus in the Fifth Section of
mucronatis, Spec. Plant. 442. And Doctor Gronovius, his Firſt Claſs of Plants, intituled, Herbs with a Bell-
Ajarum foliis fubcerdatis petiolatis, Flor. Virg. 52. feaped Flower of One Leaf, whoſe Pointal turns to a
Fruit compoſed of ſeveral Huſks er Sheaths.
The firſt Sort is found growing naturally in fome
Parts of England, but very rarely, it is pretty much Mr. Ray ranges it in his Eighteenth Claſs of Plants
cultivated in the Gardens about London, where they with regular Flowers, which are each ſucceeded by Two
propagate medicinal Plants for Sale. It is a very hum- Pods. Dr. Linnæus places it in his Second Diviſion of
the
442.

! ( 36]
the Fifth Claſs of Plants, intituled, Pentandria Digynia ; Stalks die away every Autumn, and freſh Shoots
the Flowers having Five Stamina and Two Germina. are put out in the Spring; and in June the Flowers
come out from the Joints toward the Upper-part of
The Species here repreſented is,
vo
the Stalk, in ſmall Umbels, upon ſlender Foot-Italks,
hanging downward. The Flower is compoſed of
Asclepias albo flore, C.B. P. 303. Swallow-wort with a One Leaf, deeply cut into Five Parts, as repreſented
white Flower. This is by Dodoneus called Vincetox- at a; theſe Flowers are ſucceeded by long taper Pods,
icum, Pemp. 407. By Dr. Linnæus, Aſclepias foliis as at b; which are filled with flat Seeds, having a
ovalis bafi barbatis, caule eretto, umbellis proliferis, Spec. ſoft Plume or Down faftened to their Top, as re-
Plant. 216. This Plant is found growing naturally preſented at ci The Root of this Plant is fometimes
in rough uncultivated Places in France, Italy, and uſed in Medicine; it is eſteemed a good Counter-
Germany; and, being a medicinal Plant, is kept in poiſon; and alſo for malignant peſtilential Fevers.
the Engliſh Gardens. The Root is perennial, but the bi sont
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ASCYRUM, Tourn. Inft. R. H. 256. Tab. 131. Raii Meth. which is but indifferent; but from that Time, till
109. Hypericum, Lin. Gen. 808.
about the Year 1714, this Plant was unknown to
all the Botaniſts, otherwiſe than by the Figure and
ST. PETERSWORT.
Deſcription given of it by Clufius; not any of them
having ſeen the Plant, till Mr. Salvadore, an Apo-
Octor Tournefort ranges this Genus in his Sixth thecary at Barcelona, who was a very expert Bo-
Claſs of Plants, intituled, Herbs with a Roſe- taniſt, went into that Inand, in ſearch of Plants,
flower, whoſe Pointal turns to a Fruit with many Cells. where he found this growing in Plenty; and fenc
Mr. Ray places it in his Twenty-ſecond Claſs of Plants, dried Samples of it to ſome of his Correſpondents
with Flowers of Five Leaves, which are ſucceeded by in England and Holland; ſome of which having ripe
Capſules filled with angular Seeds. Dr. Linnæus puts this Seeds upon them, they were taken off and fown; and
Plant under the Genus of Hypericum; but Tournefort has from theſe, One Plant was raiſed in the Chelſea Garden,
ſeparated from that Genus this and Two other Species, and another by Dr. Boerbaave at Leyden, in the Year
becauſe they have a pyramidal Capſule with Five Cells; 1717. From theſe many Plants were raiſed from
whereas the Hypericum hath an obtuſe Capſule with but Cuttings, and diſtributed to moſt of the curious Gar-
Three Cells; and Linnæus has given this Title to ano- dens in Europe. It ſeldom grows much more than
ther Genus of Tournefort's, called by him, Hypericoides. Two Feet high in England, ſpreading out its Branches
on every Side, ſo as to form a buſhy Head. At the
The Species here repreſented is, to a esot
na
Extremity of the Branches the Flowers are produced,
muda
which are of a fine yellow, tinged a little with a gold
ASCYRUM Balearicum fruteſcens, maximo flore luteo, Colour, which fades off after the Flowers have been
foliis minoribus fubtus verrucoſis, Salvad. Boerb. Ind. Alt. long open. Theſe Plants are feldom deſtitute of
242. Shrubby St. Peterſwort, with a large yellow Flowers, which renders them the more valuable.
Flower, and ſmall Leaves, which are warted. a, re-- They will not live in the open Air thro' the Winter
preſents the Flower expanded; and b, the Stamina, in England, therefore they muſt be kept in Pots, and
which are ſpread open every Way in the ſame manner 5 placed in a common Greenhouſe, where, if they have
as the Petals. This Plant was diſcovered in the Ba- not too much Wet in Winter, they will thrive, and
learic Iſlands, by Dr. Penæ, who ſent it to Lobel and continue flowering moft Part of the Year.
Clufius, in the Year 1580, from Majorca, by the Title
of Myrto-Ciſtus, from the Reſemblance of the Leaves Dr. Linnæus titles this Plant, Hypericum floribus penta-
to Myrtle, and the Flowers to thoſe
of Ciftus. Clufius tagynis, caule fruticoſo, foliis ramiſque cicatriſatis Spec. Pl.
has given a Figure of it in his Hiſtory of Plants, 783.
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Fig.
Fig.1. ASPARAGUS fativa '. B.P. 489.
Sag, 2. ASPERULA five Rubeola montana odora C.B.P.334
Deliked awording to the Art by P.:Miller Deem" the se788.
Igefangs auf

[ 37 ]
PL À TE
TE LV.
T
ASPARAGUS, Tourn. Inf. R. H. 300. Tab. 154. Raii bitter, and the Berries were larger : But whoever has
Mabod. Plant. 75. Lin. Gen. Plant. 382. Aſparagus, been converſant with the Culture of Aſparagus, muft
Sparagus, or Speerage, corruptly called Sparrow- know that neither of theſe ought to be admitted to make
Grafs. In French, Aſperger.
a Difference ; for from the fame Root there has been cut
Buds perfectly ſweet, and very bitter; and, on the fame
HIS Genus of Plants is by Doctor Tourne- Stalk, there have been frequently Berries of various
fort ranged in the Eighth Section of his Sixth Sizes ; ſo that we may ſafely agree with Mr. Ray and
Claſs, intituled, Herbs with a Roſe-fbaped Flower, Caſpar Baubin to pronounce them to be only accidental
whoſe Pointal, or Empalement, turns to a ſoft Fruit. Mr. Variations, produced from the Soil and Situation.
Ray places it in his Seventeenth Claſs of Plants, which It grows wild in Lincolnflaire, Efes, and Cornwall, in
includes the Herbs bearing Berries : And Dr. Linnæus the Meadows near the Sea. The tender Buds of the
ranges it in his Sixth Claſs of Plants, intituled, Hexan- Garden Aſparagus are boiled and eaten in the Winter and
dria Monogynia, i. e. Plants whoſe Flowers have Six Spring; and the Roots and Seeds are uſed in Medicine.
Stamina and One Pointal.
Sno
Fig. 2. ASPERULA, Raii Metb. Plant. 54. Ger. Herb. 966.
The Species here repreſented is,
Park. Theat. 563. C. B. P. 334. Lin. Gen. Plant. 113.
Aparine, Tourn. Inft
. R. H. 114. Tab. 39. Woodroof,
Fig. 1. Asparagus ſativa, C. B. P. 489. Common or Woodruff. In French, Muguet,
cultivated Aſparagus. This is the Aſparagus Hortenfis
of Dodonaus, Pemp. 703. and the Aſparagus Hortenfis Mr. Ray ranges this Genus in his Twelfth Claſs of
& Pratenſis of John Baubin, Hift. Vol. 3. 275. Garden Plants, intituled, Herba Stellatæ, from the Leaves of all
Aſparagus. Dr. Linnæus titles it Aſparagus caule ber the Plants in this claſs being placed round the Stalks at
bacco eretto, foliis ſetaceis ftipulis paribus, Flor. Suer. each Joint, pointing like the Rays of a Star.
272.
Doctor Linnæus places it in his Fourth Claſs of Plants,
titled, Tetrandria Monogynia ; the Flowers having Four
This is the Sort which is commonly cultivated in the Stamina and One Germen. Tournefort has joined this
Gardens, and is one of the moſt delicate Products of Plant to the Genus of Aparine, or Gooſe-grals; making
the Kitchen-Garden ; therefore is well known to moſt it a Species of that, which he ranges in the Ninth Section
Perſons in the State when it is proper for the Table: of his Firſt Claſs, which he titles Herbs with a Bell-ſhaped
But after the Shoots have advanced ſo far as to produce Flower of One Leaf, whoſe Empalement turns to a
the Flowers and Seeds, it is not fo generally known; Fruit having Two Seeds joined together.
therefore we thought it might not be diſagreeable to the
Doctor Linnæus has made a Genus under this Title,
Public to give a Repreſentation of it here. a, repre- and has added ſome Species of Gallius and Rubia to this
ſents the Bell-ſhaped Flower, conſiſting of One Leaf; Genus.
b, the Berries full-grown; (, the Seeds taken out of the
Berries. This is the Firſt Species enumerated in the The Species here repreſented is,
Gardener's Dillionary.
The other Characters of this Genus are exhibited in ASPERULA, five Rubeola montana edora, C. B. P. 334!
the Gardener's Dillionary.
Woodroof, or Woodruff. This is the Aſperula odorata,
There has been great Doubt among the Botaniſts, if flore albo, of Dodonæus, Pemp. 355. By Parkinſon it
the Wild and Garden Aſparagus were the fame Species; is titled, Aſperula, aut Aſpergula, odorata, Tbeat. 563.
ſome having ſuppoſed they were, and only differed by Doctor Linnæus titles it, Aſperula foliis oklonis lanceo-
Culture; while others have affirmed that they were fpe- latis, florum faſciculis pedunculatis, Flor. Suec. 114.
cifically different. But having made the Experiment by Tournefort puts it under Aparine by the following
Sowing of the Seeds of the Wild Sort in the Garden, I Title; Aparine latifolia montana bumilior, Inft. R. H.
found no other Difference between them than in the Size 114. a, repreſents the Leaves growing in Whorles
of the Shoots, thoſe of the Garden being larger; but round the Stalks ; ), the Umbels of Flowers; sa
the Wild Sort ſhot up earlier in the Spring, when it was. fingle Flower taken from the Umbel.
growing in the fame Situation with the Garden. The
Shoots were equally well-taſted ; and, by ſaving Seeds This Plant grows wild in ſhady Woods in many Parts
from ſome of the largeſt Shoots of the Wild Sort, the of England, fo is rarely kept in Gardens, but being uſed
Plants, which were raiſed from thoſe Seeds, produced in Medicine, we have given a Figure of it
. The Roots
Shoots almoſt equal in Size to any of the Garden Aſpa- of this Plant do ſpread far in the Ground; ſo that
ragus: Therefore I make no doubt but the Third Ge- where it has taken good Root, it will multiply faft
neration would have been full as large; but this I had enough by the Roots; but it doth not often produce
no Opportunity of trying.
Seeds; which is frequently the Caſe of many other
There are Three Sorts of this mentioned by Caſpar Plants, which have creeping Roots. The Stems come
Baubin, Mr. Ray, Tournefort, and other Authors; vix. immediately from the Root, and riſe about Six Inches
1. The Garden, or cultivated. 2. The narrow-leaved high. Theſe are garniſhed with Leaves at every Joint,
Wild. 3. The maritime Sort, with thick Leaves. But which are generally Six or Eight in Number. They are
I believe theſe only differ accidentally, from Culture, or in Shape like thoſe of the Cliver or Gooſegraf, but ſmooth.
Soil; for I have ſeen fome of the Third Sort, which was The Flowers are produced at the Top of the Branches
cultivated in a Garden in Wales, from the Seeds gathered in Umbels, which are white, and have a ſweet Scent.
near the Sea, which did not differ from the common; They come out in April and May, and in Autumn the
yer Dr. Magnol, and fome others, have fuppoſed it to be Shoots die to the Ground.
a different Species, becauſe the tender Buds of it were
NUM. X.
L
PLATE

[ 38 ]
P L A T E
LVI.
D Firke
Germen,
,
10
ASPHODELUS, Tourn. Inft. R. H. 343. Tab. 178. Raii and divides it into ſeveral Branches, having a few narrow
Meth. Plant. 116. C. B. P. 28. Lin. Gen. Plant. 379. Leaves, generally one being placed at every Diviſion of
Aſphodel, or King's ſpear. In French, Asfodele. the Branch. The Flowers are produced thinly on the
Branches, forming a looſe Spike, or Thyrſus. Theſe
Octor Tournefort ranges this Genus of Plants in the are white, and conſiſt of One Leaf, which is deeply cut
Section of his Ninth Claſs, intituled, Herbs into Six Parts. In the Centre is placed the
with a Lilly-flower of One Leaf, cut into Six Parts, whoſe ſupporting the Pointal, attended by Six Stamina, which
Pointal turns to a Fruit. Mr. Ray places it in his Twenty- are inſerted in the Valves of the Nectarium, and are al-
third Claſs of Plants, which he titles Herbs with Graſs- ternately ſhort. The Germen becomes a roundilh Seed-
leaves bearing Flowers, which have a tricapſular Seed-veſſel
. veffel, opening in Three Cells, which are filled with
Doctor Linnæus puts it in his Sixth Claſs of Plants, tituled, triangular Seeds.
Hexandria Monogynia, from the Flower having Six Sca- I do not find this Plant mentioned in any Botanic
mina and One Style. And the eſſential Difference which Books, although it is very likely to have been formerly
he makes between this Genus and Ornithogalum is, that in the Dutch Gardens. There having been ſome Paint-
the Flower of this is of one Leaf, and thoſe of Ornis bo- ings of the Plant in ſeveral Flower-pieces, which are
galum have Six. Mr. Ray makes One of its Characters to ſuppoſed to have been done upwards of Sixty Years.
conſiſt of the Roots which have many Tubers, or Fangs. However, it has been loſt for ſome Years in Europe, and
The Characters of this Genus are exhibited in the has been lately recovered from Seeds, which were fent
Gardener's DiЕtionary.
from the Cape of Good Hope, to England and Holland.
The Firſt Seeds which I received from thence, was the
The Species here repreſented is,
latter End of the Year 1750, which were ſown in Elober,
batult and, in March following, the Plants came up, and made
Asphodelus, foliis planis, caule ramoſo, floribus fparfis ; conſiderable Progreſs that Summer; and, the following
i. e. Aſphodel
, or King's-ſpear, with broad plain Spring, 1752, produced Flowers, and perfected their
Leaves, a branching Stalk, and Flowers placed thinly. Seeds. Since which time, I have received many Seeds
a, repreſents the Flower, which is deeply cut into six of this Plant from the Cape of Good Hope in ſeveral Par
Parts; k, the Seed-veffel, which is divided into Three cels; fo that we may ſuppoſe it to be pretty common
there. There is no certain Seaſon of this Plant flower-
Cells.
ing. For the Firſt Year, it flowered in May; and fince
This Plant was raiſed from Seeds in the Chelſea Gar- then it has powered in Auguſt and September; and, when
den, Anno 1751, where it produced Flowers the follow- the plants are kept in Warmth, they ſometimes flower
ing Year. The Seeds came from the Cape of Good Hope, in Winter. When the Flowers are fully blown, they
where this Plant naturally grows.
make a pretty Variety among other exotic Plants; bur,
The Roots of this Plant are compoſed of many Tu- unleſs the Seaſon is dry and favourable, thoſe Plants,
bers, or Fangs, each about the Size of a little Finger, which are expoſed to the open Air, do not open their
toward the upper Part, where they are largeſt, and di- Flowers kindly.
miniſh gradually downward to the Size of a ſmall Straw. This Plant is too tender to live through the Winter in
Theſe are joined together at the Crown (like the Roots the open Air in England; fo muſt be kept in Pots, and
of Aſparagus), where the Buds are formed; from whence houſed, in Winter, or placed under a Hot-bed Frame,
the Leaves are produced, which are generally Seven or where the Froſt is kept out by Covering: In which
Eight in Number, coming out without any Order. Management, the Plants will thrive better than in a
Theſe are Nine or Ten Inches in Length, and an Inch common Green-houſe. In Winter, chefe Plants muſt
and Half broad in the Middle, leſſening gradually to have little Wet; for much Moiſture, at that Seafon, is
both Ends. They are ſmooth, and of a glaucous or apt to rot their Roots. It is propagated by Seeds; for
Sea-green Colour. From the Centre of the Root ariſes the Roots do not increaſe in England.
the Flower-ſtem, which grows about Two Feet high,
PLAT
E
LVII.
The Species here repreſented is,
D
Aster, Tourn. Inft. R. H. 481. Tab. 274. Raii Meth.
Plant. 53. Lin. Gen. Plant. 858. Helenium, Vaill. N.
Gen. AE. R. Sc. 1723. Starwort. In French, Afire.
Octor Tournefort ranges this Genus of Plants in his
Fourteenth Claſs, intituled, Herbs and Under.
Shrubs,
with a radiated Flower, which is fucceeded by Seeds baving
Down. Mr. Ray places it in his Seventh Claſs of Plants,
which he titles Herbs with a diſcous radiated Flower, and
pappoſe Seeds. Doctor Limeus places it in his Nine-
teenth Claſs of Plants, which he titles Syngeneſia Polyga-
mia, from their being Male, Female, and Hermaphro-
dite Flowers included in the fame Empalement.
Fig. 1. Aster Carolinianus pilofus conyzæ cæruleæ foliis,
floribus luteis, quafi umbellatim difpofitis; i. e. Hairy
Carolina Starwort, with Leaves like the blue Conyza,
and yellow Flowers diſpoſed in a Sort of Umbel. 4,
repreſents the Rays of the Flower, which are ſlightly
cut into Three Parts at their Extremities; b, the Diſk
of the Flower, which is compoſed of ſeveral Florets;
c, fhews one of the Half Florers which compoſe the
Ray taken out of the Empalement; d, repreſents a
Floret taken out of the Diſk, ſetting on the Embryo
ez in the Center of which is placed the Pointal f.
6.
The

محرر
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نے خود
A SPHODELUS foliis planis caule namuso fleribus sparses.


PI IV
B
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D
a
LASTERII eramu
namens Bellades
minoris pacie, Hoal
ASTER Carolinianus pilofus Conyzæ coeruleæ foliis, floribus
luteis quafi umbellatim difpofitis.
Pob cwrding the Art by Miller Decem" the soupas.
09 photo
J. Myndef.



PI I VITIT
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A S TRAGALUS Alpinus procerior alopecurioides Inft. RH 416,-
1 Lane
1. Miller Jaul
Publish: awwling tis Metodiment by P: Miller Derom 30.1750

[ 39 ]
The Seeds of this Plant were ſent me from South Ca. This muſt be ranked in the Genus of Afler, if we fol;
rolina, in the Year 1742, by my late Friend Dr. Thomas low Tournefort's Method ; but, according to Vaillant's,
Dale, which fucceeded in the Chelſea Garden, where the it ſhould be under that of Helenium ; and Dr. Linnæus's
Plants flowered the following Year; but the Seaſon Syſtem places it in his Genus of Inula, which he diftin-
proved too cold to ripen the Seeds, and the Plants be- guiſhes from After, by its Empalement not being reflexed,
ing biennial, they periſhed in Winter.
and the Anthera being feated in the pappole Down.
This Plant produces many hairy oblong Leaves near
the Root, which come out without any order. They Fig. 2. Aster Americanus procumbens, Bellidis minoris
are from Four to near Six Inches long, and almoſt an facie, Houft. Manf. i. e. Trailing American Starwort,
Inch broad. From between theſe Leaves the Stalk ariſes having the Appearance of the leffer Daizy.
immediately from the Root, which is Two Feet and an
Half high, ſending out ſeveral Side-branches. Theſe This Plant was diſcovered by the late Doctor William
are garniſhed with hairy Leaves of the fame Shape with Houſtoun, in the Year 1739, growing in Plenty in the
thofe at Bottom, but are ſmaller, and are placed alter- fandy Ground about Vera Cruz in America; where he
nately on the Branches, which they cloſely embrace, drew the Figure, and made a Deſcription of the Plant
having no Foot-ftalk. At the Top of the Stalk, the upon the Spot; which he ſent to England with the Seeds,
Flowers are produced, which are large, and of a yellow ſome of which grew in the Chelſea Garden, and the Plants
Colour, compoſed of many Half Florets, which form flowered the following Summer, but did not perfect their
the Border, or Ray; and the Dirk in the Centre is com- Seeds.
poſed of ſeveral Florets, each having a Pointal in the It hath ſender fibrous Roots, which creep in the
Middle, and attended by Five fender Stamina, which Ground, and ſend out many flender round Stalks, which
do not extend beyond the Corolla. At the Bottom of bend and incline to the Ground. Theſe are about Four
the Pointal is placed the Embryo, crowned with a pap- or Five Inches long, deſtitute of Leaves, each fuſtaining
poſe Down, which ſerves to waft the Seeds abroad when One Flower, in Shape and Size of thoſe of the common
they are ripe. Theſe are included in one common ſcaly Field Daizy, of a whitiſh purple Colour, but the Rays
Empalement
are narrower. The Dirk is compoſed of ſeveral Florets,
This Plant approaches near to one which is figured which are fucceeded by ſmall Seeds crowned with a pap-
by Dr. Plukenet, Plate 340, which he titles After luteus pofe Down. The Empalement, which includes the
Marianus, ſaligneis brevioribus foliis birſutis pubeſcentibus, Flowers, is ſcaly, as repreſented at G.
fummo caule ramofius. But the Leaves in his Figure are As this Plant is a Native of a warm Climate, ſo it will
much leſs than thoſe of our Plant, and the Flowers are not live in the open Air in England: therefore the Seeds
ſmaller ; and their Foot-ſtalks are garniſhed with Leaves muſt be ſown in an Hor-bed, and the Plants will require
cloſe to the Empalements ſo that I doubt of its being a Stove to maintain them through the Winter,
the fame Plant.
P L A T
E
LVIII.
TI
ASTRACALUS, Tourn. Ing. R. H. 415. Tab. 233. Raii which have been communicated to moſt of the Botanic
Mah. Plant, 106. Lin. Gen. Plant. 799. Milk-Vetch. Gardens in Europe. But, fince his Time, this Plant has
In Frencb, Ajiragale.
been found growing naturally in Siberia; from whence I
have received the Seeds.
HIS Genus of Plant is by Dr. Tournefort ranged There are ſeveral Species of this Genus now known;
in the Fifth Section of his Tenth Claſs, intituled, but that which is here figured, is one of the moſt fpe-
Herbs with a papilionaceous Flower, whoſe Pointal ebanges cious; and as there is not a good Figure of the Plant in
into a bicapſular Pod. Mr. Ray places it in his Twenty- any of the Botanic Books, fo I have choſen this to re-
firſt Claſs, and Third Diviſion, which he titles Legumi preſent the Genus. a, repreſents the Pod ſeparated from
nous Herbs, which are not three-leaved, whoſe Pods have a the Spike; b, ſhews the Pod opened lengthways, with
double Row of Seeds. Dr. Linnæus places this Genus in his the double Row of Seeds, which is one of the Charac-
Seventeenth Claſs of Plants, intituled, Diadelphia De- ters of this Genus; s, is a ſingle Seed taken out of the
candria, from the Flowers having Ten Stamina, which Pod. The Spikes of Flowers are conſpicuous in the
form Two Bodies, Nine of them joining together, and Print.
the Tenth ſtanding ſeparate.
This Plant feldom continues longer than Two or
Three Years. The Firſt Year, it rarely riſes up to
The Species here repreſented is,
flower; but when the Plants come up in the Spring,
they will get Strength before Winter; fo will Power
ASTRADALUS Alpinus procerior Alopecurvides; Ing. R. H. ſtronger the following Summer. The Flower-ftems rife
416. i.e. Taller Fox-tail Milk-Vetch of the Alps. near Two Foot high, and produce Ome or Two clofe ob-
This Plant is tituled by Dr. Linnæus, in the Catalogue tufe Spikes of Flowers, which clofely furround the
of Mr. Clifford's Garden, Aſtralagus capitulis oblongis, Stem, having very ſhort Foot-ſtalks.. The Empale-
Seffilibus calycibus, & leguminibus lanatis, p. 361 ; and, ment of the Flower, as alſo the Pods, are almoſt co-
in his Species Plantarum, Aſtralagus cauleſcens, fpicis o- vered with a ſoft Lanugo, or Down. The Flowers
lindricis, fubfeffilibus calycibus, leguminibuſque lanatis, p.are yellow, and of the Pea-bloffom Kind, conſiſting of
755
a Standard, a Keel, and Two Wings. In the Keel is
cloſely wrapped the Ten Stamina and Pointal. After
This Plant was diſcovered by Dr. Tournefort growing the Flower is paft, the Pointal becomes a ſhort Pod,
on the Alps, who brought the Seeds to the Royal Gar- having Four or Six Kidney-ſhaped Seeds. It flowers in
den at Paris, where it fucceeded, and produced Seeds, July, and the Seeds ripen in September.
PLATE

[ 40 ]
PLAT
E LIX.
be
BALSAMINA, Tourn. Inft. R. H. 485. Balſamina femina, ſerved without degenerating in England. There is one
Raii Meth. 113. Impatiens, Riv. IV. 146. Lin. Gen. Sort of this Plant common in the Iſlands of America,
Plant. 899.
where it is called Cockſpur. But this grows very large in
our Gardens, and very rarely comes to flower till late in
Octor Tournefort ranges this Genus of Plants in his the Seaſon; nor are the Flowers fo double as in the China
. do ima-
anomalous Flower, whoſe Pointal turns to an unicapſular gine, that this was introduced from India to theſe Iands,
Fruit. Mr. Ray places it in his Twenty-ſecond Claſs of and is not a Plant natural to that Country, where, by its
Plants, titled, Herbs with an irregular biform Flower. Ri- bearing Plenty of Seeds, it is now become ſo common
vinus puts it among his Flore Tretra petalo. Dr. Linnæus there, as to be thought a Plant of that Country; but
places it in his Nineteenth Claſs of Plants, intituled, as the inhabitants have not been careful in faving
Monogamia, and keeps the Title of Impatiens to the Ge- of the Seeds, ſo it hath degenerated there ſo much,
nus, which was applied to it by Dodoneus, Rivinus, and as to have few plants with double Flowers. The com-
fome other Authors, from the Seed-veffel being impa- mon Sort with fingle Flowers has been long cultivated
tient to the Touch when ripe ; for, upon its being hand- in the Engliſh Gardens; but was firſt brought from India,
led at that time, the Pod burſts open, and twiſts up in where there are ſeveral other Species of this Genus; but
Form of a Screw, throwing out the Seeds to fome Dif- neither of them approaches to the Sort here figured in
Beauty. Dr. Linnæus fuppoſes the common Balſamine
and this to be the ſame Species ; in which I think he
The Species here reprefented is, sro
miſtakes; for the Flowers of this are near double the
BALSAMINA fæmina, flore majore pleno elegantiſſime varie- Size of thoſe of the common Sort; fo that altho' the
gato; i. e. Female Balſamine, with a large double Colours of the Flowers may vary, and the double dege-
Flower, elegantly ſtriped. a, repreſents the Tail of nerate to fingle Flowers, yet they will never alter in the
the Flower, which is bent at the Foot-ſtalk, where Size of the Flower, nor will the Plants have the fame
there is a Spur or Heel produced, ſomewhat like the Appearance; ſo that they may be put down as different
Larkſpur ; b, ſhews the Forepart of the Flower ; (, Species.
the Pod when fully grown; d, the Seeds.
The Title of Femina was applied to this Genus by
ſome of the old Botanic Authors, who joined this with
The Seeds of this plant were brought from China, by the Momordica, to which they gave the Title of Balfa-
the Title of Immortal Eagle Flower. It has been pre- mina Mas, for no other Reafon than that of the Fruit
ferved ſeveral Years in the Gardens of curious Perſons; burſting open on the Touch, when ripe, as the Pods of
and if Care is taken to pull off all thoſe Flowers from the other do; but there is no Affinity either in the
the Plants, which are not double or well-coloured, not Flowers or Fruit of the Two Plants; the Momordica ap-
permitting them to have Seeds, the Kind may be pre- proaching near to the Cucumber in Flower and Fruir.
tance.
PLA
Α Τ Ε
LX.
bio BASTERIA.
crooked Petals or Leaves, of a very dark Copper worn-
our Purple Colour, having in their Centre a roundith
The Characters of this Genus are,
Ovarium, compoſed of Five Germina, ſurrounded by a
The Empalement of the Flower is of One Leaf, cut into Five great Number of ſhort Stamina, which are crowned with
narrow Segments to the Bottom: The Flower is compoſed blunt Summits of a yellow Colour. The Ovarium al-
of many oblong pointed Leaves, or Petals, which are in ways falls away with the Petals of the Flower in England,
ſerted in the Empalement, each turning incvard toward and never grows larger; ſo that it is uncertain what
their upper Part, ſo as at firſt to wrap over the Stamina, Seed-veffel it produces.
ſomewhat like the Flowers of the ſtarry Anemone. In the As this Plant has not had any proper Title given it in
Centre of the Flower is placed the roundifo Ovarium, any of the Botanic Books, fo I have applied the follow-
which is compoſed of Five Germina, and is attended by ing Name to it, in Honour of my worthy Friend Doctor
many fort Stamina, crowned with blunt Summits.
Job Bafter, F. R. S. of Zirkzee.
BASTERIA foliis ovato-acuminatis, caule frutitofo ; i.e.
T.
THIS Plant muſt be ranged, according to Dr. Lin-
Bafteria with oval-pointed Leaves and woody Stalks.
næus's Syſtem, in his Claſs of Polyandria Pentagy-
nia. Mr. Cateſby has figured this Plant, in his Hiſtory of
a, repreſents the hinder Part of the Flower, with its
Empalement; b, ſhews the Forepart of it; and c, the
Carolina, under the following Title: Frutex corni foliis
many Stamina which ſurround the Ovary.
conjugatis, floribus inftar Anemones ſtellata, petalis craffis
rigidis, colore ſordide rubente, corticea romatico, Vol. I. p.Dr. Kæmpfer, in his Amenitates Exoticarum, bas figured
46. It is commonly known in the Gardens by the Name and deſcribed a Plant, in Page 880, by the Indian Title
of Allfpice; but as that Title has been long applied to the Somo, vulgo Skimmi, which ſeems to approach near this in
Jamaica Pepper, ſo the fixing of it to this Plant may oc- the Flower, and alſo in the Scent of its Bark; but he
cafion Confuſion in their Names.
ſays it riſes to the Height of a Cherry-tree ; and the
In England this is but a low Shrub, rarely riſing above Leaves of his are much longer than thoſe of this Plant ;
Three or Four Feet high, and, in its natural Country, ſo that I doubt of its being the fame.
feldom more than Eight or Ten Feet. It divides into It was procured from Carolina by Mr. Cateſby, who
many irregular Branches, which are covered with a bright ſays it grows at a great Diſtance from the Settlements
brown Bark, which is very aromatic. Theſe Branches already made in that Country; but I have been inform-
are garniſhed with Leaves placed by Pairs oppoſite, ed, that the Inhabitants of Charles -Town have propagated
which are oval, being near Two Inches long, and about it in their Gardens of late Years, ſo have great Plenty of
One and an Half in the Middle, generally ending with a it there.
Point, having One longitudinal Vein, with Three going This Shrub will live in the open Air in England, if it
horizontally to the sides. At the Extremity of the is planted in a warm Situation but in ſevere Winters it
Branches the Flowers are produced fingly, ſupported by is frequently killed, when the Plants have not Strength,
ſhort Foot-ſtalks. Theſe are compoſed of many narrow or are too much expoſed to the Winds.
PLATE

BALSAMINA FAMINA
por majore pleno
, elegante fine vanegato,


7.
BASTERIA
ovato - acuminati caule fontoso
.
S.S. Miller Soulp
Publish according of obmont by P Miller Decom." 30.1788.



Pl: LXT
6
с
d
BAUHINIA
foliis ovato - cordatis, lobis longifimis parallelis
.
R Lancake delin
Published according to the Act by P Miller Jan May thipal,
T.Jefferys of


PL. IXTI:
a
BELLADONA
maginibus folis floribus Inft. R.H.44
R. Lmcake det
SJ Miller sculp:
Publisha acarrding to Act of Parliament by _PMiller Jan2 27: 1756.

[ 41 ]
PL
A
T
E
LXI.
T
BAUHINTA, Plum. N. Gen. Plant. 23. Tab. 13. Lin. better Epithet for it in Engliſh, I have continued that
Gen. 459. Mountain Ebony,
Name to it. I have received Seeds of another Sort from
Jamaica, by the Title of Upright Honey-fuckle, the Plants
HIS Genus of Plants is by Doctor Linnæus of which are now growing in the Chelſea Garden, but
ranged in his Sixth Claſs, intituled, Decandria have not yet flowered. This Sort feldom grows taller
Monogynia, the Flowers having each Ten Sta- than Five or Six Feet, in its native Soil, but the Ex-
mina and One Style.
tremities of every Branch are garniſhed with large Clu-
ters of Flowers, ſomewhat reſembling thoſe of the Ho-
The Species here repreſented is,
ney Suckle, from whence it had this Name. The com-
mon Title of this Genus of Plants in the East Indies is
BAUHINA foliis ovato-cordatis lobis longiffimis parallelis; MANDARU, to which they add ſome other Epithet to
i.e. Mountain Ebony, with oval Heart-ſhaped Leaves, diſtinguiſh the Species. One of the Species, which is
with very long Lobes ſtanding parallel. 4, repreſents that of Father Plumier before mentioned, has been titled
the Flower, with its Ten incurved Stamina ; b, the by ſome ancient Botaniſts Arbor S. Thomæ, and the Flower
Style of the Flower ; (, the Pod; and d, the Seed Flos Divi Thomæ; the Flowers of that Species being
taken out of the Pod.
ſtriped with purple, the ignorant People had a Superſti-
The Characters of this Genus are exhibited in the tion that they were ſtriped with St. Tbomas's Blood.
Gardener's Dillionary.
There are a much greater Variety of theſe Plants than
are mentioned in any of the Books of Botany : for I have
The Plant, here repreſented, approaches near to the Specimens of at leaſt Twelve Sorts, which are very di-
Baubinia non aculeata, folio ampliori bicorni, of Father ſtinet; ſome of which have twining Stalks, others have
Plumier, but the Lobes of the Leaves are much longer; their Stems and Branches full of Thorns; many of theſe
nor are the Flowers fo large as thoſe of his Plant, which came from Jamaica, and others were ſent me from the
is figured in the Hortus Malabaricus, by the Title of Leeward Iſlands,
Velutta-Mandaru , and is, by Dr. Linnæus, titled Bauhi- As thele Plants are Natives of hot Countries, ſo they
nia foliis ovatis lobis acuminatis ſemiovatis Spec. Plant. will not live in England, unleſs they are placed in a Hot-
375.
houſe in Winter ; but a moderate Warmth will preſerve
There are many Species of this Genus, which are Na-them, provided they have not much Wet in Winter.
tives of the West and Eaſt Indies, in both of which they Several of the Sorts flower very well in England, and make
are equally common. The Seeds of this, as alſo of Two a very good Appearance in the Hot-houſe, when they are
other Species, I have received from Jamaica, by the Ti- in Flower; ſo are as well worth preſerving, as moſt other
tle of Mountain Ebony, the Wood of the Trees being exotic Plants; and the Seeds of them may be eaſily ob-
very hard and black, fomewhat reſembling the true tained from the Weſt Indies. The Culture of them is
Ebony, occafioned their ſo calling it; and having no fully inſerted in the Gardener's Dillionary.
P L Α Τ Ε
LXII.
BELLADONA, Tourn. Inf. R. H. 77. Tab. 13. Solanum This is by. Clufius called Solanum letbale Belladona ; and
lethale, feu Belladona, Raii Meih. Plani. 74. Atropa by Tragus, Solanum bertenſe nigrum, by Caſpar Baubin,
Lin. Gen. Plant. 222. The Deadly Night-ſhade. Solanum Melanoceraſus, Pin. 166; by Parkinſon and Ge-
rard, Solanum letbale; and in Englijl, Dwale, or Deadly
HIS Genus of Plants is by Tournefort ranged Nigbt-toade. Doctor Linnæus has changed the Title of
TI in the Firſt Section of his Firſt Clals of Plants, this Genus to Atropa; and this Species he calls Atropa
intituled, Herbs with a Bell-fbaped Flower, of One Leaf, caule berbaceo, foliis ovatis integris
. Sp. Plant. 181. There
wboſe Pointal changes to a ſoft pulpy Fruit. Mr. Ray is another Species of this Genus, mentioned by Clufius
places it in his Seventeeth Claſs of Plants, bearing Ber- and Tournefort, having ſmaller Leaves and flowers ;
ries wbich grow ſeparate. Dr. Linnæus ranges it in his but if there is a real Diſtinction between theſe Plants, I
Fifth Claſs of Plants, intituled, Pentandria Monogynia; have not ſeen the latter in any of the Engliſh or Dutch
the Flowers having Five Stamina and One Germen. Gardens.
The Sort here figured grows wild in ſeveral Parts of
The Species here repreſented is,
England, but particularly about Rockefier and Chatham,
in Kent, where I have obſerved it growing from between
BELLADONA, majoribus foliis et floribus, Inft. R. H. 77. the Joints of old Walls, and in moſt of their unfrequented
Deadly Night-ſhade, with larger Leaves and Flow- Lanes; and in Woodſtock-Park, in Oxfordſbire, and Up
a, repreſents the Bell-Shaped Flower, which ge- Park, in Hampſhire, in great Plenty. "This Plant hath a
nerally turns downward ; b, one of the Berries intire, perennial Root, and an annual Stalk, which decays to
when ripe; <, thews the Fruit cut open; and d, the the Ground in Autumn, and freſh Shoots are put out
Seeds.
from the Roots early in the Spring; which, in a rich
moiſt Ground, will grow to the Height of Five Feet;
Num. XI.
but
crs.
M

[ 42 ]
but on poor Land, or when the Plants grow out of The Berries of this Plant are of a malignant poiſonous
the Joints of Walls, their uſual Height is from Two to Nature ; and being of a ſweet Tafte, many Children
Three Feet. The Flowers are produced fingly from have been poiſoned by eating them; therefore the Plants
the Joints, between the Leaves, on pretty long Foot- ſhould be deſtroyed before they produce Fruit, in all
ftalks : Theſe are large and Bell-ſhaped, divided at their Places where Children are permitted to walk, to prevent
Rim or Edge into Five Parts, and are of a duſky brown the ill Effect which may otherwiſe happen. The only
greeniſh Colour on their outſide, and purpliſh within. fafe Remedy againſt the Poiſon of thele Berries is to
In the Centre of the Flower is placed the oval Germen, drink a large Glaſs of warm Vinegar, as ſoon as poſi-
ſupporting a fender Stile, attended by Five Stamina, ble after eating of the Berries, which will prevent their
which extend the Length of the tubulous Flower, and having a bad Effect. The Leaves of this plant are ſome-
are crowned with thick Summits, which incline on one times uſed in outward Applications, for Inflammations,
Side. When the Flower falls off, the Germen turns to or to abate hard Swellings or Tumours; and ſome Per-
a globular foft Fruit, reſting in the permanent Empale- fons have uſed them for the Cure of Cancers and ſcro-
ment; this is flatted at Top, and when ripe is of a ſhin- phulous Diſeaſes.
ing black Colour, filled with a purple Juice, in which If the Berries of this Plant are permitted to fall on
are many Kidney-ſhaped Seeds. It flowers in June, July, the Ground, the Seeds will produce Plenty of the Plants
and Auguſt, and the Fruit is ripe in Auguſt, September, the following Spring; ſo that a ſingle Plant, being left
and October ; for there is a Succeſſion of Flowers and to perfect its Seeds, will ſoon fill the Ground with
Fruit on the ſame Plant upwards of Three Months. Plants.
P L A T Τ Ε
LXIII.
BERBERIS, Tourn. Inft. R. H. 614. Tab. 385. Raii The Branches are long and brittle, armed with ſharp
Meth. Plant. 154. Lin. Gen. Plant. 399. The Bar- Thorns at the ſetting on of the Leaves, which are, for
berry Buſh. In French, Epine-vinete.
the moſt part, triple, like the three-thorned Acacia. The
Bark is white on the Outſide, but the inner Bark is of
THI
THIS Genus is by Tournefort ranged in his Second a deep yellow. The Leaves are placed alternately on
Section of the Twenty-firſt Claſs of Plants, inti- the Branches, which are oval, their upper Part being
tuled, Trees and Shrubs with a Roſe-ſhaped Flower, whoſe blunt and rounded, and neatly indented on their Edges,
Pointal becomes a Berry. Mr. Ray places it among his having a ſharp acid Juice. The Flowers are produced
Trees and Shrubs which have Berries with many Seeds, in Bunches, like thoſe of Currants; theſe are Bottle-
which are not umbilicated; and Dr. Linneus ranges it ſhaped, ſpread open at their Brims, and are of a yellow
in his Sixth Claſs of Plants, intituled, Hexandria Mono- Colour, having Six compreſſed Stamina, each of them
gynia ; i. e. Plants whoſe Flowers have Six Stamina and crowned with a double Summit: In the Bottom of the
One Style.
Flower is ſituated a roundiſh Nectarium, divided into
Two Parts. After the Flower is fallen, the Germen
The Species here repreſented is,
becomes a Fruit of an oblong Form, having One Cell, in
which are lodged Two hard oblong Seeds. The Flowers
Berberis Dumetorum, C. B. P. 454. The common are produced in May; theſe have a ſtrong faint Smell;
Barberry or Pipperidge Buſh.
ſo that where there are many of the Buſhes growing,
it is very diſagreeable for any Perſon to approach them
This is the Berberis vulgo quæ & Oxyacantha putata, 7. at that Seaſon. The Fruit is ripe in September, when
B. 1. 52.; and, by Dodonæus, is titled, Spina acida five they are brought in Plenty to the London Markets, and
Oxyacantho pempt. 750. Dr. Linnæus titles it, Berberis ſold for Pickling,
pedunculis racemojis, Mat. Med. 290. Sp. Plant. 330. The inner Bark, and the Berries of this Shrub, are
This Buſh is frequently found growing in the Hedges uſed in Medicine. The inner Bark is accounted open-
in ſeveral Parts of England; though I believe it is not a ing and attenuating, and is eſteemed good againſt the
Native of this Country; but the Seeds have either been Jaundice, taken either in Infuſion or Decoction. The
ſcattered in the Places where they are found growing Fruit is very cooling and reftringent, and good to
wild, or the Plants have been removed out of Gardens; moiſten the Mouth, and quench Thirſt in burning Fe-
for I have never ſeen it growing wild in any of the vers. A Conferve made of the Fruit is ſerviceable againſt
Woods: But where ever any of theſe Plants happen to all kinds of Fluxes, and
all kinds of Fluxes, and is frequently ordered in the
grow, they ſoon propagate very faſt, both by Suckers, Jaundice. The Seeds are alſo reckoned to have the ſame
which are abundantly ſent forth from their Roots, as al- Quality, but are feldom uſed.
ſo from Seeds falling, or being ſcattered by Birds. The Propagation and Culture of this and the other
It grows to the Height of Six or Eight Feet, with Species of this Genus, are fully inſerted in the Garden-
many Stems ariſing from the Root, and theſe do brancher's Diktionary; ſo I need not repeat them here.
out on every Side, ſo as to form a large Shrub or Buſh.
P L A T E

3
BERERS dumetorum CR50
പാർക്ക് മാത്രം - വിക്കിം ഗ് നിൽക്കാം
ప్రధాన



PL. I.XIV.
Bibens, calyce oblongo ſquamose, feminibus radü corolla non decidua coronatis, Sufsicu
R. Lanske del
J.J. Miller sudy
. Published according to Net of Parliament by P Miller Jan 1 27. 1750,

77 ZIV
کا ارد)

que
A
a
al
BIGNONIA folis pinnatis minoribus, fölivlis munenatis manjinibus incifis, geniculis radicatis,
Alanek kelin
S. Millersoal
Published a wording to Act of Parliament, bu P Miller Sant 27 1756, -

[ 43 ]
P L Α Τ Ε
LXIV.
BIDENS, Cefalp. 488. Tourn. Inft. R. H. 462. Tab. 262. hard and ligneous, and divide into many Branches,
Lin. Gen. Plant. 840. Cannabina aquatica Raii Meth. which are garniſhed with oblong ſmooth Leaves, which
Plant. 37. Verbefina Rivin. Ceratocephalus Vaill. Mem. are intire; theſe are placed oppoſite by Pairs : At the
Acad. R. S. 1720. Water Hemp Agrimony. Extremity of the Branches the Flowers are produced,
each ſtanding ſingle upon a Foot-ſtalk, which is garnith-
Plants, with flofculous Flowers, and Seeds without Flower. This Empalement is compoſed of many Scales,
Down; Mr. Ray places it in his Eighth Claſs of Plants, placed imbricatim, like the Tiles on an Houſe, and cloſe-
which he titles Corymbifera flore radiato ; and Dr. Lin- ly embrace the Flower, which is compoſed of a Border
neus puts it under his Nineteenth Claſs of Plants, inti- of Female Flowers, having each One Leaf, ſtretched
tuled Syngeneſia Polygamia æqualis; which includes thoſe out like a Tongue, forming the Ray of the Flower; and
Plants, whoſe Female and Hermaphrodite Flowers, in- in the Centre are many Hermaphrodite Flowers, which
cluded in the fame Involucrum, are equal.
are tubulous; and theſe do compoſe the Dirk of the
Flower: Each of theſe have Five ſlender Stamina, fup.
The Species here repreſented is,
porting a globular Summit: In the Centre is placed the
Germen, which afterward becomes a fingle oblong Seed.
BIDEns calyce oblongo ſquamoſo feminibus radii corolla non The whole of the Flower continues, and never falls off;
deciduo coronatis Juffieu ; Water Hemp-Agrimonia, ſo that when the Seeds are ripe, the Rays of the Flower
with an oblong ſcaly Empalement, whoſe Flowers are remaining firm, and only change their Colour ; and
and Empalement are permanent, and never fall away adhere ſo cloſely to the Seeds, as to render it difficult
from the Bud. a, ſhews the ſcaly Empalement, cloſe- to part them. The Flowers when blown are as large
ly embracing the Flower-bud; b, the Rays of the as thoſe of the common Marygold, and are of a yellow
Flower, which are indented at their Extremity; C, Colour.
the Hermaphrodite Flowers, which compoſe the Diſk; The Seeds of this Plant muſt be fown upon an Hot-
d. One of the Female Flowers, taken out of the Em- bed in the Spring; and, when the Plants come up, they
palement, to which adheres a fingle Seed;
e, One of muſt be tranſplanted to another Hot-bed, to bring the
the Seeds taken out of an Hermaphrodite Flower; f, Plants forward; but they muſt not be drawn too much,
repreſents the ſmall Stamina, with their globular Sum- which will render them very weak : therefore when the
Weather is favourable, they ſhould have a large Share of
The Characters of this Genus are exhibited in the Air admitted to them. By the Beginning of June they
Gardener's Dillionary.
ſhould be inured to bear the open Air by Degrees, and,
about the Middle of that Month, they ſhould be tranf-
The Seeds of this Plant were fent from Peru to the planted, with Balls of Earth to their Roots, ſome of
Royal Garden at Paris, where it has flouriſhed a few them into Pots, and others into warm Borders, ſhading
Years paſt, and the Plants have produced Seeds there, them until they have taken Root; after which Time
which have been communicated to ſeveral curious Gar- they will require no farther Care, but to water them in
dens in Europe. The Seeds were ſent me in the Year dry Weather. In July the Plants will flower, and the
1753; and the following Summer the Plants flowered, Seeds are ripe in O&ober : But in wet cold Seaſons the
and produced good Seeds in the Chelſea Garden. It riſes Seeds will not ripen in England, unleſs the plants are
to the Height of Four Feet: The Stalks do become ſheltered under Glaffes.
mits.
P L A T E
LXV.
The Species here exhibited is,
BIGNONIA, Tourn. Inft. R. H. 164. Tab. 72. Lin. Gen.
Plant. 677. Raii Meth. Plant. 9o. Gelſeminum Cornut.
The Trumpet-Tree, vulgo,
ΤΗ
HIS Genus of Plants was eſtabliſhed by Dr. Tour-
nefort, who gave it this Title in Honour to the late
learned Abbé Bignon, who was principal Librarian to the
King of France; and he ranged it in the Third Section
of the Firſt Claſs of Plants, intitled, Herbs with an ano-
malous Flower of One Leaf, Spreading open at their Brim:
Mr. Ray places it in his Nineteenth Claſs of Plants,
with
a labiated Flower of One Leaf, which is fucceeded by Pods ;
and Dr. Linnæus puts it in his Fourteenth Claſs of Plants,
intituled Didynamia Angioſpermia, the Flowers of this
Clafs having Two long and Two ſhort Stamina.
Bignonta foliis pinnatis minoribus, foliolis mucronatis mar-
ginibus inciſis geniculis radicatis ; i. e. Trumpet-flower
(or Bignonia), with ſmaller pointed winged Leaves, be-
ing cut on their Edges, and Roots coming out from
the Joints of their Stalks. 4, repreſents the Flower
intire, growing in a Clufter, at the Extremity of the
Branch; b, fhews a Flower opened lengthways, with
the Two longer and Two fhort Stamina, and the Pointal
ſituated between the Two long Stamina; 6, repreſents
the Pod, when full grown, and the Seeds ranged im-
bricatim, like Tiles on an Houſe ; d, a ſingle Seed
taken out of the Pod, with its Wing adhering to it.
3
This

[ 44 ]
This Species is, by Mr. Cateſby, titled Bignonia frax- The Plant here figured is, by many Botaniſts, fup-
ini foliis, coccineo flore minore ; i. e. Bignonia with Aſh- poſed to be only a Variety of the larger Sort; but all
Leaves, and a ſmaller ſcarlet Flower. He has given a the Plants of this Sort which have been raiſed from Seeds
Figure of it, but it wants the Seed-veſfel; and the Co- in the Engliſh Gardens, for feveral Years paſt, do retain
lour of his Flowers is much more like the larger Sort, their Difference; ſo they may be allowed to be diſtinct
which Dr. Tournefort titles Bignonia Americana fraxini folio, Species. There are Two old Plants in the Chelſea Gar-
flore amplo Phænicio, Inft. R. H. 164. This laſt has been den, One of each Sort, which have grown near each
many Years an Inhabitant in moſt of the curious Gar- other above Fifty Years, and do conſtantly produce
dens in Europe; but was brought from Nortb America, Flowers every Year, which are remarkably different in
where it grows naturally in the Woods, faſtening its their Size and Colour, as alſo in the Size and Shape of
Branches to the tall Trees, by the Roots which are ſent their Leaves; but it is of late Years that this Sort has
forth at the Joints, whereby they are ſupported, and been much propagated in the Engliſh Gardens. The
mount up to the Top of the higheſt Trees. And when Seeds of it were ſent from Carolina in 1724 by Mr. Cateja
they are planted near Walls, the Roots will faſten them- by, from which many Plants were raiſed ; and ſince that
ſelves into the Joints of the Wall, and, where they have Time the Seeds have been frequently ſent to England
room, will riſe to the Height of Fifty or Sixty Feet. from that Country, and great Numbers of Plants have
This larger Sort is figured by Cornutus, Ferarius, and been raiſed in the Gardens; but the plants which have
ſeveral other Botaniſts, by the Title of Gelſeminum Hede- been raiſed from Seeds are ſeveral Years before they
raceum Indicum, from the Reſemblance of its Flowers flower, and are not near fo productive of them as thoſe
to thoſe of the Jaſmine ; and the French do now call it Plants which are propagated by Suckers, or Cuttings
Jaſmin de Virginie; but in England it is generally known from old Trees.
by the Title of Trumpet-flower, or Mexiocitle.
well P PL
Mondo
Α Τ
TE
LXVI.
TH
BISTORTA, Tourn. Inft. R. H. 511. Tab. 291. Raii ferved it growing naturally. The uſual Time of its
Meth. Plant. 22. Polygonum, Lin. Gen. Plant. 445. flowering is in May and fune; though, when the Au-
Biftort, or Snake-weed.
tumn proves moiſt and favourable, it frequently flowers
again in September and October ; but eſpecially if the
THIS
Genus of Plants is by Tournefort ranged in Meadows are mowed for Hay, and the Stalks and Leaves
his Fifteenth Claſs, intituled, Herbs with ſtamine- of the plants are cut pretty near the Ground, then they
ous Flowers, whoſe Pointal becomes the Seed, wrapped in put out new Leaves and Stalks from the Roots, and
the Empalement : Mr. Ray places it in his Fifth Claſs of theſe produce a freſh Succeſſion of Flowers in the Au-
Plants, with ſtamineous Flowers, which are ſucceeded by tumn: And where any of theſe Plants are preſerved in
Seeds ; Dr. Linnæus places it in the Third Diviſion of his Gardens, if the Stems are cut down as ſoon as the
Eighth Claſs of Plants, intituled Oslandria Trigynia, the Flowers are paft in Summer, they will puſh out freſh
the Flowers having Eight Stamina and Three Styles ; Stalks ſoon after, if they grow in moiſt Ground, or are
and he joins this, the Perſicaria, Fagopyrım, and Helxine, duly watered, and theſe will have plenty of Flowers in
of his former Edition, to the Genus of Polygonum, mak- the Autumn ; when theſe Plants will make as good an
ing theſe only Species of that Genus.
Appearance in a Garden, as many other Plants which
are allowed to have a Place there.
The Species here repreſented is,
It propagates greatly by its running Roots ; ſo that
when it is once allowed a Place in the Garden, it will
BISTORTA major radice minus intorta, C. B. P. 192. The foon multiply faſt enough. The Leaves and Stalks de-
greater Biſtort, or Snake-weed.
a, repreſents the cay in Winter, and the Roots put out new early in the
Flowers as they grow in a cloſe Spike; b, is a ſingle Spring.
Flower taken from the Spike, which ſhews they have The Roots of Biſtort are uſed in Medicine, which are
no Empalement, ſo the Corol of the Flower afterward drying and binding, ſo are eſteemed to be of Service in
cloſely ſurrounds the Seed.
all kinds of Fluxes and Hæmorrhages, either from the
Bowels, or in any other Part. They are alſo alexiphar.
This is the Biſtorta major vulgaris of Parkinſon and Ge- mic, and good in peſtilential Fevers. They refill Poi-
rard; by John Baubin it is titled Biflorta major rugofiori-fon, and the Bite or Sting of venomous Creatures.
bus foliis, bift. 3.538.; and Dr. Linnæus titles it, Poly- Theſe Roots have alſo been uſed for tanning of Lea-
gonum caule fimpliciffimo monaſtachyo, foliis ovatis in petio- ther, for which Purpoſe Rewards have been given to
lum decurrentibus, Mat. Med. 188. Spe. Plant. 360. Perſons by way of Encouragement; but the great Quan-
This Plant grows naturally in moiſt Meadows, in tity of Roots which would be required for this purpoſe,
ſeveral Parts of England, particularly in Yorkſhire, and in order to ſupply the Want of Oak-Bark, is more than
ſome of the Northern Counties. It is found in pretty can be procured growing wild; and I fear it will never
great Plenty in Batterſea Meadows, near the River-ſide, anſwer the Expence of cultivating it, as the Oak-Bark
which is the only Place ſo near London where I have ob- can be had in Plenty in moft Parts of England.
b
PLATE

PW. TATT
BISTORTA MAJOR. railice minw intorta CB.P. 192.
Plakad avvolg tot far by Miller Soutery7:56.



PU. LXVII
е e
d
BLATTARIA alba C:B: P: 244.
RLancake delin
Is Miller Sculp
Publishil acwrding to Atrof Parliament by P Miller: Feber, 1756.


P1.1.XVII
BORRAGO Constantinopolitana, flore
reflexo cæruleo calyce vesicario T.lon 6.
To
& 용
​GD.Ehret pinæt.
Published according to the Art by P Miller Feb 24."1766
I. Jefferys soup

[ 45 ]
PL Α Τ Ε
LXVII.
BLATTARIA, Tourn. Inft. R. H. 147. Tab. 61. Raii 'duces Roſe-coloured Flowers; and the Seeds of the
Metb. Plant. 85. Verbaſcum, Lin. Gen. Plant. 217. Roſe-colour ſometimes produce Plants with the pur-
Moth Mullein; in French, Herbe aux mites.
ple Flowers. Theſe are biennial Plants, which periſh
Soon after they have perfected their Seeds. The Plants
POURNEFORT ranges this Genus in his Second very rarely ſhoot up their Flower-ſtems the Firſt
Claſs of Plants, intituled, Herbs with a Wbeel- Year, but ſpread their Leaves cloſe upon the Surface of
ſhaped Flower of One Leaf, whoſe Point al turns to a the Ground, in the manner repreſented in the Figure;
dry Fruit. Mr. Ray places it in his Nineteenth Claſs of and the Spring following the Flower-ſtem is put forth
Plants, whoſe Flowers are uniform, monopetalous, and are from the Center of the Plant, which riſes to the Height
ſucceeded by dry Capſules. Dr. Linnæus puts it in his of Three or Four Feet, according to the Goodneſs of
Fifth Claſs of Plants, intituled, Pentandria Monogynia, the Soil wherein they grow. The Flowers are produced
the Flower having Five Stamina, and One Germen. almoſt the whole Length of the Stem, at every Joint ;
Doctor Tournefort, Mr. Ray, and ſome other Botaniſts, One or Two coming out from the Wings of the Leaves,
have ſeparated the Plants of this Genus from the Ver- and theſe fucceed each other, ſo that the fame Stem
baſcum, or Common Mullein, on account of their Seed- will be garniſhed with Flowers upwards of Two Months.
veſſels being round, whereas thoſe of Verbaſcum are ob- The uſual Time of their Flowering is in June, July,
long, ending in a Point.
and Auguſt, and their Seeds ripen in Oktober; which, if
permitted to fall on the Ground, will grow much bet-
The Species here repreſented is,
ter than if fown, eſpecially if they are not ſown in Au-
tumn, ſoon after are ripe; for the Seeds ſown in the
BLATTARIA alba, C. B.P. 241. White Moth Mullein. Spring do often fail, or frequently remain till the fol-
a, repreſents the Plant before it ſhoots out the Flower- lowing Autumn before they grow.
ftem; b, the long Spike of Flowers; , the ſingle Doctor Tournefort enumerates Fifteen Varieties of this
Flower, taken from the Spike, ſhewing the Five Sta- Genus, Eleven of which are undoubtedly diſtinct Spe-
mina, and the ſingle Stylus, as alſo how the Flower cies, ſeveral of them having perennial Roots, and ſome
is joined at the Bale, ſo as to fall off intire, though it have perennial Stalks ; but they are alſo as different in
is cut into Five Parts almoſt to the Bottom. de repre- the Form of their Leaves as moſt other Species of
ſents an intire Seed-vefſel; e, the fame cut through Plants of the fame Genus; fo ſhould not be confounded
horizontally, ſhewing the intermediate Partition which as they are by Doctor Linnæus, in his Species of Plants,
divides it into Two Cells; f, the Seeds taken out of where he enumerates only the common yellow Moth
the Capſule.
Mullein, and ſuppoſes all the others to be but ſemi-
nal Varieties; whereas many of them, which I have
This Plant is, by Lobel, titled, Blattaria flore albo, cultivated above Thirty Years, have always retained
perperam verbaſcum fæmina vulgò. Icon. 563, and by John their Difference when raiſed from Seeds. All the Species
Baubin, Parkinſon, and others, Blattaria flore albo, i. e. of this Genus are hardy; and if they are fown upon
Moth Mullein, with a white Flower. There are Two poor Land, and in Rubbiſh, or happen to grow upon
other Varieties of this Plant, one with a Roſe-coloured old Walls, they will reſiſt the greateſt Cold of this
Flower, and the other with a worn-out purple Flower; Country, but in a rich moiſt Soil they often rot in
but theſe are accidental Varieties which do vary, and Winter.
are not conſtant. This with white Flowers often pro-
P L A T E
LXVIII.
BORRACO, Tourn. Inft. R. H. 133. Tab. 53. Borago with a blue Flower, whoſe Petals are reflexed, and a
Raii Meth. Plant. 56. Lin. Gen. Plant. 172. Borage: ſwelling Empalement. This Plant is, by Doctor
in French, Bourrache.
Linnæus, titled, Borago calycibus tubo corolla brevio-
ribus, foliis cordatis, Hort, Cliff. 45. i. e. Borage with
HIS Genus of Plant is, by Doctor Tournefert, an Empalement ſhorter than the Tube of the Flower,
ranged in the Fourth Section of his Second Claſs, and Heart-ſhaped Leaves. a, repreſents a fingle
intituled, Herbs with a Funnel or Wheel-fbaped Flower of Flower, drawn out of the Empalement, and reverſed,
One Leaf, whoſe Peint al is attended by Four Embryos, to ſhew the Tube; by repreients the Empalement,
which afteward become ſo many Seeds incloſed in the Flower- with the Pointal ariſing from the Baſe, between the
cup. Mr. Ray places this Genus in his Thirteenth Claſs Four Embryo's, and itretched out beyond the Em-
of Plants, intituled, Herbs with rough er prickly Leaves, palement; , ſhews the Five Stamina, connected at
coboſe Flowers are ſucceeded by Four naked Seeds : And their Summits with the Pointal.
Doctor Linnans ranges it in his Fifth Claſs of Plants,
intituled, Pentandria Monogynia, from the Flower having This Plant hath a perennial Root, which ſpreads and
Five Stamina, and One Stylus.
increaſes very much when it is planted in a light dry
Soil; and if it has a warm Situation, it will live in the
The Species here repreſented is,
open Air without any Cover : But as it is a very early
Shooter in the Spring, generally flowering in February,
BORRACO Conftantinopolitana, flore refiexe cæruleo, calyce in mild Seaſons, fo when it happens to prove Froſt in
veficaria, Tourn. Cor. 6. i. e. Borage of Conftantinople, Mard, the Flower-ſtems are frequently killed, where
NUM. XII.
N
they

[ 46 ]
they grow in an open Expoſure; but near the Shelter of a pale blue Colour, having their Stamina and Pointal
Walls, or other Fences, they are ſeldom injured; for connected together at their Summits, which is one of the
I have had them growing ſome Years in a North Border, Characters of this Genus. There are Four Embryo's,
where the Sun never appears in Winter; and even there ſituated at the Bottom of the Empalement, which be-
the Plants have thriven well: But theſe rarely flowered come fo many naked Seeds; but theſe feldom ripen
with me ſo well as thoſe which were in a warmer Situa- in England; but the Plant increaſes abundantly, by its
tion.
creeping fleſhy Root.
The Flower-ſtems rife near Two Feet high, but As the common Borage is a Plant well known to
many of the Flowers begin to open before it is Six moſt Perſons, we have omitted giving the Figure of
Inches from the Ground;
for the Flowers, at their firſt that Plant, and have made choice of this, to explain
Appearance, are collected into a cloſe Spike; but as the the Characters of the Genus.
Stem advances in Height, the ſmaller Flower-ſtalks Doctor Tournefort found this Plant growing naturally
branch out into a diffuſed Spike. Theſe come out al. near Conſtantinople, from whence he fent the Seeds to
ternately from the main Stem, and have each a ſingle the Royal Garden at Paris; where they fucceeded, and
Leaf growing at their Baſe. The Flowers all hang from thence many curious Gardens have been furniſhed
downward, and the Corol is reflexed black, fomewhat with the Plant.
like thoſe of the Cyclamen, or Sow-bread. Theſe are of
P L Α Τ Ε
LXIX.
D
BROWALLIA, Lin. Gen. Plant. 691. Dalea Dix. Hort. poſite. The Seeds of this Plant were brought from
Hort. Chel
. Ind. 67. A&t. Phil. n. 452. p. 2. We have Peru, where the Plant grows naturally, and were fent
no Engliſh Title for this Plant.
me from the curious Garden of Duke D'Ayen at St.
Germain; which have ſucceeded the Two laſt Years in
Oetor Linnæus ranges this Genus in his Fourteenth the Chelſea Garden. The other Sort, which is figured
Claſs of Plants, intituled, Didynamia Angioſpermia, in the Clifford Garden, was ſent to England by Mr. Ro-
from the Flower having Two long and Two ſhort Sta- bert Millar, from Panama, in the Year 1735; which
mina, and many Seeds incloſed in One Capſule. Accord- fucceeded in the Chelſea Garden, where it has continued
ing to Tournefort's Method, it ſhould be placed in the to flower, and produce Seeds every Year; but the Plants
Fourth Section of his Third Claſs of Plants, intituled, of both Sorts periſh in Autumn; fo that the Seeds
Herbs with an anomalous and perſonated Flower of One muſt be fown upon an Hot-bed in the Spring, and the
Leaf : And it will come into Mr. Ray's Nineteenth Claſs Plants brought forward on another; otherwiſe they will
of Plants, with an irregular difform Flower of One not perfect their Seeds in England. The Plants uſually
Leaf.
grow about Two Feet high, and ſpread out into lateral
Branches on every Side the Stalk : Theſe are garniſhed
The Characters are ;
with Leaves of the ſame Shape with thoſe on the main
Stem, but are much ſmaller. "Toward the End of theſe
It hath an irregular Funnel-ſhaped Flower of One Leaf, Branches the Flowers are produced fingly, upon long
with a cylindrical Tube, ſtretched out a good Length beyond Footſtalks, ariſing from the Wing of the Leaf. Theſe
the Empalement, as at a; the upper Part (or Limb) of the have a ſhort Empalement of One Leaf, which is cut
Flower b, is ſpread open, and deeply divided into Five into Five Parts: Out of the Center of the Empalement
Parts; each of which is again cut into Two ſhorter Seg- the Flower ariſes, which is crooked and bent downward :
ments, which are round, the Two upper Segments being a The Top of the Tube is ſpread open, and the Brim, or
little broader than the lower. From the Bottom of the Tube open Part of the Flower, has fome Reſemblance to a lip-
ariſe the Two long Stamina, which are broad and reflexed, ped Flower, being irregular : It is of a bright blue Co-
as at c; and the Two ſhorter d; which do not extend be- lour, ſometimes inclining to a purple: When theſe fall
yond the Tube of the Flower. In the Center is ſituated an away, the Germen in the Center becomes an oval Capſule
oval Germen, ſupporting a ſlender Stylus. The Germen after- of One Cell, filled with ſmall brown angular Seeds. It
ward becomes an oval Capſule, filled with ſmall naked Seeds. flowers in July, Auguſt, and September, and the Seeds are
ripe in Five or Six Weeks after.
The Species here repreſented is,
When this plant was firſt raiſed in the Chelſea Garden,
I gave it the Title of Dalea, in Honour to Mr. Dale,
BROWALLIA foliis lanceolatis petiolis longis, caule ramoſo, an eminent Botaniſt, and a great Friend of Mr. Ray's.
radice annua;
i. e. Browallia with Spear-ſhaped By this Title it was delivered to the Royal Society, and
Leaves, with long Footſtalks, a branching Stalk, and printed in the Tranſačlions, and alſo in the Catalogue of
an annual Root.
the Chelſea Garden: And by the fame I communicated
the Seeds to Doctor Linnæus, who afterward changed the
This Species differs from that which is figured in the Name to Browallia, and printed it in the Catalogue of
Clifford Garden, the Leaves being broader, and to- Mr. Clifford's Garden; ſo that this latter Title is be-
ward the upper Part of the Stalk
they are placed op- come univerfal amongſt Botaniſts.
PLATE

PTV
BROWALIA
Hont, Clif's.
PAR ording to come by Monkey



PY. MI
a
Fig.1
d
eio
गो
Fig
. 2
BRUNELLA , odorata Lufitanici, Aere violacco Barr, Icon.581. -
I. J.Miller Joelp
Re delle
Publiskie nawrding to Act of Parliament by P. Miller Hikemay 24 1736. -

36

PL.
. LIST
Ooo
Ileaner
lleen
1180
BRYONIA, afpera five alba baccis rubris C.B.P.397-
Ist Miller feel
Lake line
Published according to Ad of Parliament by P Miller Idruary 24,7756. -

[ 47 )
P L A T
L
E
LXX.
TH
BRUNELLA, Tourn. Inft. R. H. 182. Tab. 84. Prunella They flower in June, and the Seeds are ripe in August
Raii Mab. Plant. 62. Lin. Gen. Plant. 654. Self- and September. It grows naturally in Spain and Portugal.
Heal; in French, Brunelle.
Fig. 2. BRUNELLA major, folio non diffeito, C. B.P.
HIS Genus is, by Doctor Tournefort, ranged in Greater Self-heal, with an intire Leaf. a, repreſents
his Fourth Claſs of Plants, intituled, Herbs with the Flower. This is the Prunella vulgaris, or Com-
a Lip-flower of One Leaf, whoſe upper Lip is creſted, or mon Self heal, of Parkinſon and Gerard. The Cha-
booked. Mr. Ray places it in his Fourteenth Claſs of racters of this Plant are exhibited in the Gardener's
Plants, whoſe Flowers grow in Whorls round the
Dillionary.
Stalks. Doctor Linneas ranges it in his Fourteenth
Claſs, intituled, Didynamia Gymnospermia, from the This Plant grows wild in the Meadows in moft Parts
Flowers of this Claſs having Two long and Two ſhort of England, and flowers in June and July. This is the
Stamina, and being ſucceeded by Four naked Seeds. Species which is uſed in Medicine, ſo we have exhibited
a Figure of it. It is much uſed as a vulnerary Herb,
The Species here repreſented are;
and is brought from Switzerland, with ſeveral others,
under the general Appellation of Wound-Herbs. The
Fro. 1. BRUNELLA odorata Lufitanica, flore violaceo, Bar- Leaves and Flowers of this Plant are uſed; fo the beſt
rel. Icon. 561. i.e. Portugal ſweet-ſcented Self-heal, Time for gathering of this Herb is when it is in full
with a violet Flower. 4, repreſents the Flower in- Flower. It is preſcribed in Priſans, in Brotbs, and in
tire, with its Empalement; b, the Two longer ;, and Apozems, for Spitting of Blood, and for the Bloody-flux,
<, the Two ſhort Stamina; d, the Seeds taken out of and for all sorts of Hæmorrhages, or Fluxes of Blood.
the Empalement
It is uſed by way of Inječtion in deep Wounds, and by
way of Clyfter in the Bloody-flux.
"This Plant is, by Doctor Tournefort, titled, Clino- As this Sort grows naturally in the Meadows, it is
podium Lufitanicum ſpicatum & verticillatum, Inft
. R. H. nor admitted into Gardens; but whoever hath a mind
195, and by Cornutus Bugula odorata Lufitanica, H. Ca- to cultivate it, ſhould fow the Seeds foon after they are
nad. 46. Doctor Linnæus titles it, Prunella brafleis pin- ripe, when the Plants will come up much better than
natodentatis ciliatis, Lef. def. 31. Sp. Plant. 601. This when the Seeds are fown in the Spring. The Plants
Genus is by ſome Botaniſts titled Prunella, and by others are very hardy, ſo require no other Care but to keep
Brunella; and by the fame Authors the Titles are indif- them clear from large Weeds. They feldom continue
ferently uſed; but the Diſpenſaries generally have it longer than Two Years; but the Seeds being permitted
Prunella.
to ſcatter, furniſh Plenty of young Plants to ſupply
This Plant is annual, periſhing as ſoon as the Seeds their Place.
are ripe; and if the Seeds are permitted to ſcatter, the There is another Species of this Plant with cut
Plants will come up in the Autumn, and live thro' the Leaves ; but this is not ſo common in England as the
Winter; ſo will flower earlier the next Summer than former, but in many Parts of France and Germany. It is
thoſe which are fown in the Spring. The Plants will the moſt commonly found wild, and is indifferently uſed
require no other Care but to be kept clean from Weeds, for the fame Purpoſes as our common Sort.
and to be thinned, if they ſtand too near each other,
P L Α Τ Ε E LXXI.
BRYONIA, Tourn. Inf. R. H. 102. Tab. 28. Bryonia al- matis atrinque calloſo-ſcabris, Hort. Cliff: 453. in French,
ba, Raii Meth. 72. Lin. Gen. Plant. 970. White Briony, Coleuvrte, ou Vigne blancbe. It is called white from the
or White Vine; in French, Coleuvrée.
Colour of the Root, to diſtinguiſh it from the Tamnus,
which in the Diſpenſaries is titled, Black Briony; the
HIS Genius is, by Doctor Tournefort, ranged in outer Skin of the Root being of a dark Colour,
T!
the Seventh Section of his Firſt Claſs of Plants,
inutuled, Herbs with a Bell-ſhaped Flower of One Leaf, a, repreſents the male Flower, ſtanding on the Pedicle;
whoſe Empalement turns to a fleſhy Fruit, or Berry. b, the female Flower, reſting on the Embryo, which
Mr. Ray places it in his Seventeenth Claſs of Plants, in- afterwards becomes a Berry, repreſented at c, which
tituled, Berry-bearing Herbs; and Doctor Linnæus places is intire; d, the fame cut open; e, the Seed.
it in his Twenty-firit Claſs of Plants, intituled, Monor
cia Syngenefia; the fame Plant producing Male and Fe- The Roots of this Plant run deep into the Ground,
male Flowers.
and grow to a large Size. Theſe have been reduced to
an human Shape, by fixing a Mould (ſuch as is ufed by
The Species here repreſented is,
the Image-makers to form their plaifter Figures) to the
BRYONIA afpera, five alba, baccis rubris, C. B. P. 397. Roots when young, leaving them growing in the
The common white Briony, with red Berries, or Ground; and, if the Mould is not too large, the Root
white Vine.
will grow to fill it in One Year, and be of the intended
Form. And then they dig up the Roots carefully, with
This is by John Baubin titled, Vitis alba, five Bryonia, all their Fibres, and exhibit them to View for Mandrakes
,
Hij. 2. 143. Doctor Linnæus titles it, Bryonia foliis pal- and have thereby impoſed upon ignorant Perſons.
The

[ 48 ]
The white Briony has been generally ſuppoſed to be intermixing with the Branches of the Hedges, fo are
Inale and female in different Plants; for in many Plants fupported from trailing on the Ground. The Flowers
the Flowers have been all male, and in others moſtly fe- come out at the Wings of the Leaves, Two or Three
male : But I have obſerved that ſeveral Plants, which I upon each Footſtalk. Theſe open in May, and are of
cultivated in different Parts of the Garden, were of a whitiſh-green Colour, being cut into Five Parts al-
differing Sexes while young; but the Plants which pro- moſt to the Bottom. The female Flowers reft on the
duced only male Flowers, the Two firſt Years of flower- Embryo; which afterward becomes a globular Berry,
ing, afterward had Flowers of both Sexes; but the turning to a bright red Colour, when ripe, which is in
Number of female Flowers the firſt Year was ſmall, but the Autumn, when they hang down from the Hedges
as the Plants grew older, they became more fruitful; in ſmall Cluſters.
and the fame I have obſerved in the Mulberry, and ſome The Roots, Shoots, Leaves, and Berries, of this
other Trees, which produce Flowers of both Sexes. Plant are ufed in Medicine, and are eſteemed good to
This Plant grows naturally on the sides of Banks, remove obſtinate Obſtructions, being powerfully pur-
and under Hedges, in moſt parts of England. The gative. The beſt Seaſon to take up the Roots for Uſe
young Shoots begin to appear in March; theſe put out is in the Autumn, as ſoon as the Shoots decay; but
Tendrils, which faſten to the Branches of whatever the Leaves and Shoots are beſt for Uſe in the Spring,
Buſhes grow near them, whereby they riſe to the when they abound with Juite.
Height of Seven or Eight Feet; their pliant Shoots
P L A T E
LXXII.
BUGLOSSUM, Tourn. Inft. R. H. 133. Tab. 53. Raii doth not differ from the Two following, which are
Meth. Plant. 56. Anchufa, Lin. Gen. Plant. 167. Bu- mentioned in Tournefort's Corollarium; viz. Bugloſſum orien-
gloſs; in French, Bugloſe.
tale anguſtifolium altiffimum; and Buglofjum orientale an-
guſtifolium, flore parvo cæruleo ; for I have frequently re-
THIS Genus is, by Doctor Tournefort, ranged in ceived Seeds by both theſe Titles, which have always
TH
the Fourth Section of his Second Claſs of Plants, proved to be the common Garden Bugloſs; ſo that if
intituled, Herbs with a Funnel-ſhaped Flower, having Four thoſe are diſtinct Species, I have not had the good
Embryo's ſeated round the Pointal, which afterward be- Fortune to ſee them. There is alſo a Variety of this
come ſo many Seeds wrapped in the Empalement of the Flower. with white
Flowers; but
as there is no other Difference
Mr. Ray places it in his Thirteenth Claſs of Plants, than the Colour of the Flower, ſo it is ſcarce worthy
which he titles, Herbs with rough Leaves, having Four of being mentioned.
naked Seeds ſucceeding each Flower. Doctor Linnæus has The Garden Buglofs will continue fome Years, when
altered the Title of this Genus to Anchufa ; which Name it is in a poor dry Soil; but in rich moiſt Ground it
was applied to One Species of this Genus with red feldom lafts longer than Two or Tree Years: For when
Roots, and by the Title of Anchufa has been long the Plants grow very large, and are replete with moiſ-
known in all the Diſpenſaries. And Mr. Ray thought ture, their Roots do frequently rot in Winter. Theſe
the Character of its red Roots fufficient to eſtabliſh a Plants ſhoot up ſeveral Stems, according to the Age or
diſtinct Genus, ſo he has on that Account ſeparated it Strength of their Roots, which riſe about Two Feet
from Bugloſſum. This comes into Doctor Linnæus's high,
and are garniſhed with long narrow rough Leaves,
Fifth Claſs of Plants, intituled, Pentandria Monogynia; which are placed alternately the whole Length of the
the Flower having Five Stamina, and One Stylus. Stalks. At the Top they divide into Three or Four
Parts, which are beſet with blue monopetalous tubulous
The Species here repreſented is,
Flowers, growing in a looſe Spike for Thyrſus). Theſe
are ſucceeded by Four rough Seeds, which are incloſed
BUGLOSSUM anguſtifolium majus, flore cæruleo, C. B. P. in the Empalement of the Flower, but ſoon drop out
256. Greater narrow-leav'd Garden Buglofs, with when they are ripe. The Flowers are produced in
a blue Flower. a, repreſents a ſingle Flower, with June, July, and Auguſt, and the Seeds ripen in about
its Tube at full Length; b, ſhews the Front of the a Month after the Flowers fall away. It grows wild
Flower depreſſed, and ſpread open ; C, the Empale- in Italy, Spain, in the South of France, and in Germany.
ment of the Flower; d, a Seed taken out of the Em- The Flowers of this Plant are One of the Four Cor-
palement.
dial Flowers ordered in the Diſpenſary; and the Leaves
and Roots of the Plant are ſometimes uſed in Medi-
This is the Bugloſſum vulgare majus, J. B. 3. 574. and cine, and are ſuppoſed to have the fame Virtue as
the Buglofum anguſtifolium, Lob. 576. commonly called Borage; being accounted Cordial, and good to exhila-
Garden Buglofs, to diſtinguiſh it from the annual rate the Spirits, and drive away Melancholy,
Wild Buglofs; and I believe the Plant here figured
PL A TE

PI..X
Go
BU GLOSSUM
M angustifolium majus flore cæruleo CⓇP.136
Published mounting
e lyn
Sofforge scale



PL. I.XXIII.
co
BUPHTHALMUM Creticum Cotula folio Breyn. Cent..
I S Miller Jealp
Robe de
Publishid azerding to Act of Parliament by P:Miller March, 30, 1966,


Pl. XXI
1. Millores
BU PLEURUM , arboreſcens Salicis folio Inft. RH.310.
_Publishid aowrding te Act of Parliament by P. Miller i bebruary 24, 1366. –

[ 49 ]
P L Α Τ Ε
LXXIII.
D
BUPHTHALMUM, C. B. P. 134. J. B. 3. 124. Chryſan- Flowers, and whoſe Leaves are not ſo finely divided as
themum, Cluf. Hif. 332. Cotula Tourn. Inft. R. H. 495. thofe of the white, and is ſuppoſed to be the true medi-
Tab. 282. Anthemis Lin. Gen. 870. Ox-eye; in French, cinal Ox-eye.
Oeil de Beuf.
a, repreſents the Bud of the Flower, ſhewing the ſcaly
OCTOR Tournefort ranges this Genus in the Empalement, b, the Outſide of the Flower, when
Third Section of his Fourteenth Claſs of Plants, open; 5, the Rays of the Flower fully expanded;
intituled, Herbs with a radiated Flower, whoſe Seeds d, one of the Half-Florets, or Rays, taken out of
bave no Down adhering to them. Mr. Ray joins this Genus the Flower; e, one of the Seeds fitting on the Pla-
to Chryſantbemum, and places it in his Seventh Claſs of
centa; f, a ſingle Seed ſeparated from it.
Plants with a corymbiferous radiated Flower. And Doctor
Linnæus ranges it in his Nineteenth Claſs of Plants, join- This is an annual Plant, which periſhes foon after the
ing this with the Chamæmelum of Tournefort.
Seeds are ripe; and if the Seeds are permitted to ſcat-
ter, the Plants will come up in the Autumn; and unleſs
This Species here repreſented is,
the Winter proves very fevere, will live in the open Air;
and theſe will come much earlier to Flower than thoſe
BUPHTHALMUM Creticum Cotula folio, flore luteo, Breyn, which are fown in the Spring, and will grow much
Cent. 1. True Ox-eye, with a Leaf like ſtinking May- larger. Their uſual Time of flowering is in July and
weed, and a yellow Flower.
Auguſt, though there will be ſome few Flowers fucceed
thoſe till the End of September. The Seeds ripen in
Of this there are Two Varieties; one with yellow, and about Five or Six Weeks after the Flowers decay. The
another with white Flowers; which are both mentioned Plants grow to the Height of Two Feet; and if they are
by Doctor Breynius. There is alſo a Third, with naked allowed room, do ſpread out into many lateral Branches,
Flowers, having no Rays, which is, by Doctor Linnæus, eſpecially in good Land.
placed in his Genus of Anacyclus. But all theſe Varieties This Plant has been continued in moſt of the Diſpen-
will ariſe from the Seeds of the fame Plant, as I have faries for many Ages, and is ſuppoſed to be the ſame
many Years obſerved, and often the Flowers with Rays, which Diofcorides recommends, as good for the Jaundice,
and the naked Flowers, have been on the fame Branch and to reſtore the Skin to a good Colour. But of late
ſo they may truly be made but One fort. Theſe Plants Years it has been intirely difuſed in the Shops; and
do not only vary in their Flowers, but the Leaves alſo whenever Ox-eye has been ordered, the Greater Ox-eye
are different, ſome being finely divided, and the others Daizy has been uſed. It grows naturally in Spain and
having broader Segments, and this is frequent, from the Portugal, from whence I have received the Seeds.
Seeds of the fame Plant. This is that with yellow
P L Α Τ Ε
LXXIV.
D
BUPLEURUM, Tourn. Inf. R. H. 309. Tab. 163. Lin, panded, which is divided into Five Leaves; s repre-
Gen. Plant. 291. Sejeli, C. B. P. 161. J. B. 3. 2. 197. ſents the Seeds. This is, by Caſpar Bauhin, titled,
Dod. Pempt. 312. Hare's-ear.
Seſeli Etbiopicum falicis folio, Pin. 161. and by Fobus
Basebin, Sejdi Ethiopics fruticofum folio Periclymeni,
OCTOR Tournefort ranges this Genus of Plants Hift. 3. p. 2. 197. By Dodoncus it is titled, Sefeli
in his Seventh Clals, intituled, Herbs and Under Ætbiopicum frutex, Pempr. 312. Shrubby Hartwort of
florubs, with a Flower of ſeveral Leaves, which expand in Æthiopia. By this laſt Title it is generally known in
Form of a Roſe, and grow in an Umbel. Mr. Ray places the Nurſeries near London. Doctor Linnæus, in his
it under the Title of Sejeli Æthiopicum frutex, in the Four- Species of Plants, titles it, Bupleurum fruteſcens, foliis
teenth Section of his Eleventh Clafs of Plants which obovatis integerrimis, p. 238.
contains the umbelliferous Plants, with ſimple Leaves ;
and Doctor Linnæus ranges it in his Fifth Clals of Plants, This is an Evergreen Shrub, which will riſe to the
intituled, Pentandria Digynia; the Flower having Five Height of Five or Six Feet, and divides into many lateral
Stamina, and a double Stylus. The Characters of this Branches, and may be reduced to a regular Head, by
Genus are exhibited in the Gardener's Dillionary. pruning off the lower Branches, ſo as to make it riſe to
have a Stem. The Branches are well garniſhed with ob-
The Species here repreſented is,
long, ſmooth, ſhining, green Leaves, of a pale ſoft
Colour. Theſe remain through the Year, which renders
BUPLzurum arbereſcens, ſalicis folio, Inft. R. H. R. 310. this Shrub very beautiful in the Winter Seaſons for as
Tree Hare's-car with a Willow Leaf. a, repreſents the Branches grow pretty cloſe together, and are fur-
an intire Flower, taken from the Umbel, ſhewing its niſhed with Leaves their whole Length, ſo it forms an
Empalement: b, ſhews the Front of the Flower ex. handſome Shrub. The Leaves are placed alternately
Num. XIII.
o
on

( 50 )
on the Branches, and are Four Inches long, and near mon Shrub in moſt of their Gardens; where it refifts
One broad in the Middle. The Flowers are produced the Cold of the fevereſt Winters, provided it is planted
in Umbels, at the Extremity of every Branch ; theſe on a dry Soil; and if the Bottom is a Gravel, Stone, or
are compoſed of Five narrow Petals, which are of a Chalk, with a Foot of Earth thereon, it will prevent
yellow Colour at firſt, but fade away to a brown. Theſe the Roots from running deep in the Ground; whereby
are ſucceeded each by Two long, narrow, ſtriated Seeds, the Plants will be more ſtinted in their Growth, fo will
which rarely come to Maturity in England. The Time of be hardier to reſiſt the Cold, and of longer Duration,
its Flowering is in July and Auguft.
than thoſe which have a rich deep Soil.
This Plant grows naturally in the Southern Parts of The Method of propagating this Shrub being in-
France, and in Italy, and generally along the Coaſt near ferted in the Gardener's Diktionary, I ſhall not repeat it
the Sea, upon th- Rocks. It has been long an Inhabitant here.
in fome of the Engliſh Gardens, where it was, for many The Seeds of this Shrub are much more acrid, and of
Years, preſerved in Pots, and placed in Greenhouſes in a ſtronger Smell, than thoſe of Marſeilles Hartwort:
Winter, Tuppoſing it was too tender to live abroad in Eng- therefore fome Phyſicians ſuppoſe they are poffeffed of
land. But of late Years it has been much propagated by noble Virtues, and conſequently, to be more effectual in
the Nurſery Gardeners near London, and is become a com- the Theriac.
P L Α Τ Ε
LXXV.
M
CALENDULA, Ray Meth. p. 36. Tabern. 231. Lin. Gen. of the fame; d, the Seed taken out of the Em
Pl. Caltha Tourn. Tourn. Inft. R. H. 498. Tab. 284. palement.
Dimorphotheca Vaill. A.C. 1720. Cardiſpermum, Tranſ.
A. Par. 4. 1724. Marygold; in French, Souci. This Plant is, by Doctors Herman and Boerhaave titled,
Calendula humilis Africana, flore intus albo, foris violacca
TR. Ray ranges this Genus of Plants in his Eighth fimplici Lugd. 104. i. e. Low African Marygold, with
Claſs, intituled, Herbs with a corymbiferous ra- fimple Flowers; which are white within, and of a
diated Flower ; and continues the old Title of Calendula, Violet-Colour on their Outſide. Doctor Linnæus titles
given by Tabernemontanus, and ſome other old Writers it, Calendulis foliis lanceolatis denticulatis pedunculis filifor-
on Botany, to it. But Doctor Tournefort has appro- mibus, Hort. Upſal. 274. And Mr. Vaillant calls it,
priated Caſpar Baukins's Name of Caltha to it, and Dimorphotheca foliis inciſis, ovariis minoribus. A. R. S.
places it in the Fourth Section of his Fourteenth Claſs 1720.
of Plants, intituled, Herbs with a radiated Flower, whoſe
Seeds are incloſed in the Empalement. But Doctor Linnæus Fig. 2. CALENDULA foliis radicalibus finuatis, caulinis ſu-
has reſtored the old Title of Calendula to this Genus, and perne denticulatis, Flor. Leyd. prod. 177. i. e. Marygold
has applied that of Caltha to the Populago of Tournefort, with its lower Leaves finuated, and thoſe on the up-
which, by moſt of the old Writers, was titled Caltha per part of the Stalk indented. a, repreſents the
paluftris. Doctor Linnæus places this Genus in his Flower-bud before it opens; b, thews the Outſide of
Nineteenth Claſs of Plants, intituled, Syngeneſia Poly- the Flower when open ; (, the Infide of the fame.
gamia neceffaria. Mr. Vaillant, in the Memoirs of This is titled by Mr. Vaillant, Dimorpbotbeca pubes-
the Academy of Sciences for the Year 1720, has fepa- cens, foliis inciſis, flore minore, ovariis majoribus. A.R.S.
rated theſe, and ſome other Species, from the Genus of 1720. And by Doctor Linnæus, Calendula foliis lanceo-
Marygold, and conſtituted a new Genus of them, under latis, dentatis pedunculis fuperne incraſſatis, Hort. Cliff. 274.
the Title of Dimorphotheca; which ſignifies a Plant
having Two Sorts of Ovaries. It was afterwards titled The Seeds of this Plant were brought from the Cape
Cardiſpermum, in the Memoirs for the Year 1724, from of Good Hope (where they grow naturally), into the
the Seed being ſhaped like a Heart. But as the Seeds Gardens in Holland, about Sixty Years ago ; and from
of ſome of the Species are of a different Form, ſo this thence all the curious Gardens in Europe have been fur-
Title is not very proper. Therefore Doctor Linnæus niſhed with them. They are both annual Plants, which
has joined them again, very rightly, to the other Spe- are hardy enough to thrive in the open Air in England;
cies of Marygold.
ſo are very proper Ornaments for the Borders in Flower
Gardens. If the Seeds are put into the Ground in March
The Species here repreſented are,
or April, the Plants will flower in July, and the Seeds
will ripen in September ; but if the Seeds are fown at
Fig. 1. CALENDULA foliis dentatis, Flor. Leg. Pr. 177. different times, there may be a Succeſſion of flowering
Marygold with indented Leaves. a, repreſents the Plants for Three or Four Months; but thoſe which
Flower-bud incloſed in the Empalement; b, the come to Flower late in the Seaſon, will not produce
Backſide of the Flower, when open ; C, the Forefide good Seeds.
PLATE

P. LXXV
Fig. 2
d
Fig. 1.
of July
Rhanbake de
Puig J. CALENDULA (olas dentatis For Loyd 177
sig 2.CALENDULA Clio radicalibus sinuális cantinas superne denticulatis Hor. Legd.177.



PL. I.XXVI
6
Fig. 2.
d
c
Fig. 1.
Figs.J. CALENDULA polis linearibus denticulatis ſ integerrimis Flor. Loyd. prod.
Fig.2.ASTER caule ramdo fcatum perenni foliis ovatis fefsilius pedunculis nudis unifloris.
Ratnaske det
I.J.Miller Soul
- Publishid anwrding to Ad of Parliament by P Miller March so
80 1736. -


P. LXXVI
Fig
c
Sigil
Fig.1
1. CANNABIS Mas. C.BP
Fig.2. CANNABIS : Sumina C.BP.
manake dd
Publishi averting to da of Parliament by P. Mille Marche 30% rysé

[ 51 )
P L Α Τ Ε
LXXVI.
,
F10.1. CALENDULA foliis linearibus denticulatis et integerri- without any Down, ſo it cannot, with propriery, be placed
mis, Flor. Leyd. prod. 177. i. e. Marygold, with very there. And the Orbenna, whoſe Seeds are ſituated in a
narrow whole Leaves, which are denticulated. 4, downy Receptaculum, differs from this, whoſe Seeds are
repreſents the Bud of the Flower before it opens; crowned with a downy Plume.
fhews the Outſide of the Flower when open ; (, the The Seeds of this Plant were ſent me from the Cape
Inſide of the Flower fully expanded; d, the Seed. of Good Hope, in the Year 1753, but without any Title.
The following Spring, two Plants came up from them
HIS Plant is titled, by Doctor Commeline, Bellis in the Chelſea Garden, which have flouriſhed extremely
integris, Hort. Amft. 2. 97. by Doctor Boerhaave, in the The Plant has many fibrous Roots, from which ariſes
Catalogue of Plants, in the Leyden Garden, it is titled, a purpliſh rough Stalk, which divides into many Branches
Caltha Africana foliis croci anguftis, florum petalis externe near the Root, ſo as to form a low buſhy Plant, for it
purpurafcentibus, interne albis, p. 113. i. e. African Mary. feldom riſes much more than Two Feet high; but the
gold, with narrow Saffron Leaves, and the Rays of the Branches will extend more than a Foot on every Side :
Flower purple on their Outſide, and white within 3 by Thefe are garniſhed with oval Leaves about an Inch long,
Vaillant it is called, Dimorpbotheca ſtaticis folio
, Vaill
. rá. and a Third Part of an Inch broad; they are pretty
1720; and by Doctor Linnæus, Calendula foliis linearibus thick and fucculent, and are rough to the Touch, com-
fubintegerrimis, caule fubnudo. Sp. Plant. 922.
ing out at the Joints of the Stalks by Pairs oppoſite,
The Seeds of this Plant were brought from the Cape and ſometimes Three at a Joint, or in other Places Two
of Good Hope, in the Year 1698, to Holland, where it larger and Two ſmaller at the ſame Joint, having no
was firſt raiſed in Europe ; and was figured by Doctor Footſtalks: Toward the upper Part of the Branches,
Commeline, in the Second Volume of the Plants in the the Footſtalks of the Flower ariſe, which are from Four
Amſterdam Garden, under the Title of Bellis, &c. above to Six Inches long, and naked, each ſupporting a ſingle
cited ; and, from that Garden, moſt of the curious radiated Flower. a, repreſents the Flower-Bud, Thewing
Gardens in Europe have been furniſhed with this beautiful the ſcaly Empalement ; b, the under Side of the Flower,
Plant: but although this has been long in the Engliſh when open; C, the Inſide of the Flower, when fully
Gardens, yet it is not ſo commonly ſeen there as might blown; d, the Placenta, with the Seeds fitting with
be expected, or as it deſerves; for there are few Plants their Down; e, a fingle Seed taken from the Placenta,
which continue in Flower ſo long as this, there being with the Down on its Top.
ſcarce any Month in the Year, when there are not ſome The Rays of the Flower are of a fine Sky-blue Co-
of the Flowers open : but from the Beginning of March lour, which, after they have been fome time expanded,
to the Middle of Winter, there is a conſtant Succeſſion turn back toward the Empalement: The Diſk of the
of Flowers: and as the Plants only require a little Pro- Flower is yellow. After the Flower falls away, each of
tection from Froſt, they are worthy of a Place in every the Florets, which compoſe the Diſk, is fucceeded by a
curious Garden.
fingle Seed, crowned with a ſoft Down. The whole
Plant is a little acrid to the Tafte.
F1c. 2. Aster caule ramoſo ſcabro perenni, foliis ovatis, This Plant is never deftitute of Flowers the whole
Seffilibus pedunculis nudis unifloris ; Starwort, with a Year; for, in the Winter Seaſon, there will always be a
perennial, rough, branching Stalk, oval Leaves ſet Number of them in Beauty, though, at that Time, they
cloſe to the Branches, and a naked Foot talk ſupport- are not quite ſo large as in Summer; however, they
ing a ſingle Flower
make a fine Appearance at all Seaſons; and as they
only require to be protected from Froſt, they deſerve
The Occaſion of this Plant being exhibited here, out a Place in every curious Garden. The Plants which I
of the Order purſued in this work, was, from its being raiſed in the Chelſea Garden, which were placed in a
fuppoſed a Marygold, at the Time when the Figure was Frame, with wooden Shutters to cover them in the Froſt
drawn on the Plate, which was ſoon after the Flowers have been as vigorous, and continued flowering through
appeared, before the Seeds were ſo forward as to fhew the Winter, full as well as thoſe which were placed in
their Down, which ſits on their Top, and is one of the di- the Green-houſe: but as yet I have not tried if they will
ſtinguiſhing Characters of Starwort from Marygold; and live in the open Air, as the Plants were in no other
this being a Plant undeſcribed, we were induced to ex- Engliſh Garden; ſo till a larger Stock of Plants are raiſed,
hibit the Figure, therefore hope we may be excuſed for it is not prudent to try this Experiment : But from what
this Freedom, as we ſhall be careful not to repeat it. It I have obſerved, it may be ſuppoſed, the Plants will
is probable there may be ſome who may object to the live in the open Air, if they are planted in a dry Soil
ranging this Plant in the Genus of Ajier, becauſe the and warm Situation, which will be a valuable Acqui-
Flower has a ſimple Calyx ; ſo would rather have it a Ca- fition to the Flower Garden.
lendula or Ortbonna : But as the firſt has Two Sorts of Seeds
P L Α Τ Ε
LXXVII.
CANNABIS, Tourn. Inf. R. H. 535. Tab. 309. Raii Fifth Claſs of Plants, which he titles, Herbs with fiami-
Meth. Pl. 19. Lin. Gen. Plant, 988. Hemp; in neous Flowers, which are of Two Sexes : And Doctor
French Chamore.
Linnæus places it in his Twenty-ſecond Claſs, intituled,
Dioecia Pentandria, from the Plant's being Male and
OCTOR Tournefort ranges this Genus in the Female, and the Flower having Five Stamina. As the
Sixth Section of his Fifteenth Claſs of Plants, Male and Female Hemp ariſes from the fame Seeds, ſo
inutuled, Plants with apitalous Flowers, which are Male we have repreſented them both in this plate.
and Female in different Plants. Mr. Ray places it in his
Fio.

( 52 )
Fig. 1. CANNABIS, foliis digitatis mas, Lin. Hort. Cliff. As Hemp is of ſuch fingular Uſe in this Kingdom,
475. Male Hemp, with fingered Leaves.
it is great Pity that a much greater Quantity of it is not
cultivated in England; for there are many large Tracts
FIG. 2. CANNABIS, foliis digitatis fæmina, Lin. Hort. of boggy light Land, which would produce it as well as
Cliff. 475. Female Hemp, with fingered Leaves. any Part of Europe ; and this might employ many of
the Poor, who are, at preſent, a great Burthen to their
a, ſhews the Spikes of Flowers on the Male Plant, which Pariſhes; and hereby a conſiderable Sum might be ſaved
are compoſed of Five ſhort flender Stamina, ſupport to the Nation. And in ſuch Places where it is now tul-
ing oblong ſquare Summits; theſe are included in an tivated, if half the Quantity of Seeds, which is ufually
Empalement, cut into Five Parts to the Bottom; b, allowed to an Acre, were fown, and the Plarrs left at a
repreſents the Flower of the Female Plant, which much greater Diſtance than is uſually practiſed, the Pro-
conſiſts of an Empalement of One Leaf, which is duce would be much more; for, by feparating and leaving
permanent; the Flower having no Petals, but in the fome Plants ſingle, and allowing them Room to ſpread,
Center of the Empalement is lodged the Germen, they have been Four times as large in their Stems is
ſupporting Two long Styles with a pointed Stigma: thoſe which have grown near each other on the fame
The Germen afterward becomes a globular depreſſed Spot of Ground, and have produced more Hemp than
Seed, as at C, C.
Six of the beſt Plants which grew near together, in the
common Method of Culture.
Some Authors have diſtinguiſhed theſe Plants by the The Male, or Fimble-hemp, is always fit to pull by the
Titles of Sativa and Erratica ; i. e. the manured and the End of Auguſt; for when their Spikes of Flowers are
wild Hemp; but as they come from Seeds indifferently, decayed, the fooner they are pulled the better they will
where ever they are fown, or in Places where the Seeds be; for they ſoon begin to fhrink and decay, ſo afford
are accidentally ſcattered, that Diſtinction is not pro- leſs Hemp. And by doing this in Time, there will be a
per. There is a Neceflity of having ſome Plants of the longer Continuance of Employment for the Poor, ih
Male Hemp among thoſe of the Female, in order to watering and breaking of it; for the Seeds of the Fe-
render them prolific: Therefore thoſe ſhould not be male, or Karle-bemp, will not be ripe till after Michael-
drawn out from between the others, until their Spikesmas, ſo the Plants muſt not be drawn up before Otober,
of duſty Flowers are quite faded; for in Lincolnſhire, for till then they will continue in Vigour. The Seeds
where a large Quantity of Hemp is generally cultivated, of Hemp is the only Part uſed in Phyſic, and, at pre-
they frequently have drawn out all the Male Plants, fent, thoſe are rarely preſcribed ; an Oil is drawn from
which is called Fimble-hemp, ſoon after they were diſtin- them, which is uſed for many Purpoſes; and the Seeds
guiſhable; by which they ſuppoſed the Female Plants, are reckoned very good for Poultry, when given to them
which are called Karle-bemp, would have more Room to in moderate Quantities; for, being warm, it is ſuppoſed
flouriſh; but, by this, they were deprived of the Crop to cauſe Hens to lay Eggs in great Plenty. The famous
of Seeds ; ſo that, by this dear-bought Experience, they Bangue, which is ſo much uſed by the Indians and Per-
have altered their Method, and do not draw away the fians to promote Venery, is a Species of Hemp; and, by
Male Plants ſo ſoon. I have myſelf made Trial of this the Deſcriptions given of it, not much differing from the
Experiment for ſeveral Years, by removing all the Male common Sort,
Plants of Hemp from the Female, as ſoon as they were As this is one of the moſt conſpicuous Plants wherein
diſcernable ; and although the Female Plants have conti- their different Sexes appear ſo ſtrongly, we have choſen
nued ſtrong and flouriſhing, yet have they never pro- to exhibit this Plate for that Purpoſe, rather than for
duced any good Seeds.
its Beauty
P L Α Τ Ε
LXXVIII.
90
CAPNOides, Tourn. Inft. R. H. 423. Tab. 237. Fuma- Cornutus, who is the Firſt Author that mentions this
ria, Lin. Gen. Plant. 760. Slender podded Fumitory. Plant, calls it, Fumaria ſiliquoſa ſempervirens, p. 59. but
how he came to add the Epithet of ſempervirens to it, is
HIS Genus of Plants is, by Doctor Tournefort, not eafy to conceive; for it is an annual Plant, which
T! ranged in his Eleventh Claſs, which is titled, Herbs periſhes foon after the Seeds are ripe; and it may be
with a polypetalous anomalous Flower, whoſe Pointal turns to fuppoſed, this Appellation has led Doctor Linnæus into
an unicapſular Fruit; and Doctor Linnæus places it in his the Miſtake he has made, by joining this to the Tangier
Seventeenth Claſs of Plants, intituled, Diadelphia O&an- Fumitory, making them the fame Species ; to which he
dria, the Flower having Eight Stamina, which are fepa- alſo adds the yellow Fumitory : But whoever has obſerved
rated into Two Bodies. Mr. Ray has removed the the Three Plants, cannot doubt of their being diſtinct
Genus of Fumaria to a great Diſtance from its Conge. Species ; for the yellow and white Fumitories are low peren-
ners, and placed it with a few others in his Twenty-fifth nial Plants, which grow cloſe to the Ground, and their
Claſs
, which contains ſuch Genera as he was at a Loſs Flowers are produced on Footſtalks, ariſing immediately
where to range.
from their Roots; whereas this Plant riſes with an up-
There is but One Species of this Genus, which is right Stem a Foot and half high, dividing into ſeveral
here repreſented.
Branches; and from the Wings of the Leaves ariſe the
Footſtalks of the Flower: The Flowers of this are alſo
CAPNOIDES, Inft. R. H. 423. Podded Fumitory.
larger and more beautiful than either of the other.
a, repreſents a ſingle Flower taken from the Spike, whoſe As this Plant will come up from the Seeds, which
Characters are the ſame with Fumitory; b, fhews the ſcatter in the Autumn, thoſe Plants will be ſtronger,
Pointal arifing from the Bottom of the Empalement; and come earlier to Flower, than thoſe which ariſe from
4, an intire Pod; and d, the Pod opening lengthways, Seeds ſown in the Spring: The former do generally flower
with the Seeds adhering by their Placenta ; e, the in June, and the latter in July and Auguft, and their
Seeds out of the Pod.
Seeds ripen ſoon after,
sex
PLATE

PL.LXXVIII.
d
Soum. Inat. R.H.
CAPNOIDES
Il Miller op
day to da of Parliament, fy2 Alter March 10.736.-



PL. ZRXZX
کے کا
d
CAPRIFOLIUM Germanicum flore rubello serotinum Broyli
ka
Published seconding to Mct of Parliament by P Miller April 27. 1756.


PLZIIT.
ign
CARDIACA folüs tenisis e profundius inciſis glabra Amman, Ruth), 49 ,
Millor el
Publishi dovrding to Art of Parliament by P. Miller i April 0; 1;56.

[53]
P L Α Τ Ε
.
LXXIX.
D
CAPRIFOLIUM, Tourn. Int. R. H. 608. Tab. 278. Raii The Late-red Honeyſuckle, to diſtinguiſh it from ano.
Metbed. 145. Periclymenum, 7. B. 2. 104. C. B. P. ther, which approaches near to this, which they call The
102. Lonicera, Lin. Gen. Plant. 2to. Honeyſuckle. Dutcb Honeyſuckle. Both theſe flower later in the Seaſon
In French, Cbevrefeuille:
than the Italian Honeyſuckle: But this, which is here re-
preſented, produces a greater Quantity of Flowers to-
R. Tournefort ranges this Genus of Plants in the gether than either of the former Sorts ; fo that it makes
Sixth Section of his Twentieth Clafs, intituled, the fineſt Appearance, during the Seaſon of its flower-
Trees and Sbrubswitba monopetalous Flower whoſe ing, of any of the Kinds.
Empalement afterward becomes a Berry. Mr. Ray places it It is difficult to determine if theſe are diftin&t Species,
among the Trees with an umbilicated ſoft Fruit, having or Varieties which have been produced from Seeds; but
Several Seeds: And Doctor Linnæus ranges it in the Fifth they are all undoubtedly different from our wild Englija
Claſs of Plants, whoſe Flowers have Five Stamina, and Honeyſuckle, although they have been generally fup-
a ſingle Stylus ; and has changed the Title to Lonicera, poſed to be the fame: For the German Writers having
which Plumier had given to a new Genusof Plants which applied to their common Honeyſuckle this Title, the
he diſcovered in America; the Flowers of which have Engliſh Botaniſts have ſuppoſed our wild Sort was the
fome Affinity with thoſe of the Honeyſuckle, but the Fruit fame, fo have confounded them together; but whoever
is a large oval Berry, with One Seed: And the Flower, will be at the Trouble to examine them, will find a re-
having Six Stamina, hath occaſioned the Doctor's re- markable Difference in the whole Habit of the Two
moving it to his Sixth Claſs, in the laſt Edition of his Plants. The Engliſh Sort hath very fender trailing
Method; and alſo to alter the Title of Plumier's Plant Branches, which incline to the Ground, unleſs they are
to Loranthus. So he has continued that of Lonicera to ſupported by neighbouring Trees; ſo that it is not pofa
this Genus, to which he has added the Periclymenum, fible, by Culture, to train it to a Stem. The Leaves are
Cbameceraſus, Xylofteum, and Diervilla, of Tournefort; alſo fmaller, and covered with a fine ſoft hairy Down,
alſo the Symphoricarpos of Dillenius:
But he has ſeparated whereas thoſe of the German Honeyſuckle are large, and
the Triojteſpermum of Dillenius from this Genus, which more connected to the Stalk, and leſs hairy: The
in the former Editions, he had joined to it.
Flowers are larger, and are formed into globular
Bunches.
The Species here repreſented is,
This Sort is now greatly propagated in the Nurſeries,
being extremely hardy and may be trained up with Stems
CAPRIFOLIUM Germanicum, flørerubello ferotinum, Broſs. to have large buſhy Heads; the Branches, being ſtrong,
Inf. R. H. 608. Late-red flowering Honeyſuckle. will ſupport themſelves better than thoſe of ſome other
Sorts, and as the Plants make fo fine an Appearance
4, repreſents the Tube at the Bottom of the Flower. when in Flower, it renders them more valuable. The
b, the upper Part, which is cut into ſeveral Segments, ufual Time of their flowering is in July.
with the Five Stamina ſtretched beyond the Petals. (y This Sort has not been ſo long an Inhabitant of the
the Pointal which is extended beyond the Stamina. do Englijb Gardens, as that which is ftiled, The Dutch Ho-
the Berries which incloſe the Seeds. The Characters of neyſuckle ; for, about Forty-five years ago, I remember
this Genus are exhibited in The Gardener's Dillionary. it was eſteemed a great Curioſity, when it was called,
This Plantis titled; Periclymenum perfoliatum ſerotinum The Flemifs Honeyſuckle, and was probably brought over
Speciofius, in the Catalogue of the Royal Garden at Paris: by ſome of the Flemiſh Floriſts, who ac that Time came
And, by the Nurſery Gardeners
near London, it is called, over annually with Flowers and Plants for Sale.
P L A T E
LXXX
T:
CARDIACA, Tourn. Inft. R. H. 186. Tab. 87. Raii Me- with the Characters of Phlomis, as the Galaof the Flower
thod. Plant. 64. Leonurus, Lin. Gen. Plant. 641. Mo. is ſtretched out a conſiderable Length beyond the lower
therwort. In French, Agripaume.
Lip, and is not curved over it cloſely, as in the Phlo.
mis. But the Doctor's Characters are drawn from the
THIS Genus of Plants is by Dr. Tournefort ranged Empalement of the Flower
in the Second Section of his Fourth Claſs, intituled,
Herbs with a Lip-flower of One Leaf, whoſe upper Lip (or The Species here repreſented is,
Galea) is bollow like a Spoon. Mr. Ray places it in the
Fifth Section of his Fourteenth Claſs of Plants, which CARDIACA foliis texuius & profundius inciſis glabra, Am-
he titles, Herbs whoſe Flowers grow in W borles round tbe man. Ruth. 49. Smooth Motherwort, with Leaves
Stalk, at the Setting on of the Leaves. Doctor Linn.eus deeply cut into narrow Segments.
places it in his Fourteenth Claſs of Plants, intituled,
Didynamia Gymnospermia. The Flowers of this Clafs a, repreſents the Empalement of the flower. I, thews
have Two long and Two fhort Stamina, and Four a ſingle Flower taken from the Whorle, exhibiting the
naked Seeds ſucceed each Flower. But he has altered Four Stamina with the Pointal, with the upper Lip (or
the Title of this Genusto Leonurus, which had long been Galea) intire and hollow, and the under Lip (or Beard)
applied to another Genus of Plants, which were Natives cut into Three Parts. e, ſhews the Style which is placed
of the Cape of Good Hope: But there the Doctor has in the Center of the Flower. d, the Four Seeds with the
ranged under the Genus of Phlomis, though, from the Empalement. And the naked Seeds taken out. Doc-
Form of the Flower, I think, they do not any way agree tor Linnuus titles this Plant, Leonurus foliis tripartitis
Numn. XIV.
P
laciniatis,

[ 54 ]
ment.
laciniatis, calycibus villoſis, Hort. Upſal.171.1.e. Lion's- Natives of Europe, which are; The common Sort,
tail with tripartite jagged Leaves, and a hairy Empale- which is found wild in many Parts of England, though
it is ſuppoſed not a Native here: The other is one with
This Species is a Native of Tartary, from whence the curled Leaves. Theſe Two are by many Botaniſts fup-
Seeds were ſent to Peterſburgh, and were fown in the poſed to be only Varieties; but, from many Years Ex-
Imperial Garden there, where the Plants grew and per- perience, I find they conſtantly keep their Difference
fected their Seeds; fo that from thence all the botanic from Seeds.
Gardens in Europe have been furniſhed with the Seeds. From whence the Sort with curled Leaves was ob-
There are Two diſtinct Varieties of this Plant, One of tained is uncertain. Mr. Ray is the Firſt Author who
which hath ſmooth Stalks and Leaves, and the other is mentioned it, and ſays, he received the Seeds from
very hairy. The Seeds of both Sorts were ſent me by London, which
grew with him. Both theſe, when once
Doctor Amman, late Profeſſor of Botany in the Imperial planted in a Garden, will foon multiply, eſpecially if
Academy at Peterſburgh, which have been ſeveral Years the Seeds are permitted to ſcatter; for theſe will grow
growing in the Chelſea Garden, and retain their Diffe- where ever they fall, and become troubleſome Weeds.
rence from Seed; ſo may be allowed to be different Va- The Plants grow to the Height of Four or Five Feet;
rieties, if not diſtinct Species; though Doctor Linneus they flower in June and July, and the Seeds ripen in
ſuppoſes them to be the fame.
Autumn. The Stalks decay in Winter, but the Roots
We have but Two Sorts of Motherwort that are will abide many Years.
P L Α Τ Ε
LXXXI.
CARYOPHYLLUS, Tourn. Inft. R. H. 329. Tab. 174. Raii be a Succeſſion of Flowers tillthe End of September. The
Meth. Plant. 109. Dianthus, Lin. Gen. Plant. 500. Seeds ripen in the Autumn. The Roots of this Plant
The Pink. In French, Oeillet.
will abide Two or Three Years, but the young Plants of
the Second Year do always produce the greateſt Quan-
TOURNE FORT ranges this Genus of Plants in tity of Flowers; ſo that it is much the better Method to
his Eighth Clafs, intituled, Herbs and Under-ſbrubs, raiſe annually young Plants, and deſtroy the old Roots:
with a polypetalous and Clove-gilly-flower Flower. Mr. Ray Butthe young Plants do rarely flower the Firſt Year they
places it in his Twenty-ſecond Claſs of Plants, which are raiſed; ſo that the Second Year they are in the
he titles, Herbs with pentapetalous Flowers, having many greateſt Perfection: Therefore, to have a conſtant
Seeds included in a Vejjel: And Doctor Linneus ranges it Supply of the Plants, there ſhould be every Year a freſh
in the Second Diviſion of his Tenth Claſs of Plants, in- Parcel raiſed from Seeds.
tituled, Decandria Digynia, from the Flowers having
Ten Stamina, and Two Styles : And he has changed Fig. 2. CARYOPHYLLUS finenfis ſupinus, leucoii folio,
the Title of the Genus to Dianthus, having applied the flore pleno, Boerb. Ind. Alt. The Double China Pink.
Title of Caryophyllus to the Clove, to which Doctor
Tournefort has added the Epithet of Aromaticus, to dil- This Plant is a Native of China, from whence the
tinguiſh it from this Genus.
Seeds were ſent bythe French Miſſionaries to Paris,about
the Year 1705; ſince which Time the Seeds have been
The Species here repreſented are,
diſperſed to moſt Parts in Europe. The Plants, which
were for many Years produced in the European Gardens,
FIG. 1. CARYOPHYLLUS montanus umbellatus, floribus were fingle Flowers, till about the Year 1719, when
variis luteis ferrugineis Italicus, Barrel. Obferv. 648. there were many
Plants with
double Flowers produced
i.e. Umbellated Mountain Pink of Italy, with in ſome of the Gardens at Paris; but, whether theſe
changeable yellow and ruſty Flowers.
aroſe from Seeds of the fingle Sort ſaved in England, or
were produced from new Seeds obtained from China, is
a, repreſents one of the Petals of the Flower taken difficult to determine ; but in the Year 1722, was the
out of the Empalement. b, b, b, the Ten Stamina firſt Time I had ſeen theſe with double Flowers in any
crowned with Summits. C, the Two Styles ſituated in of the Engliſh Gardens.
the Center of the Flower. d, the Seed-veffel cut open, There are great Varieties of Colours in theſe Flowers,
to ſhew how the Seeds are lodged. e, One of the Seeds which conſtantly ariſe from Seeds; ſo that from the
taken out of the Vefiel.
Seeds of One Plant, there will be many different Colours
This Plant was diſcovered by Father Barrelier, in the produced. Theſe are a great Ornament to the Flower-
Mountains of Abruzzo, in Italy; and it has ſince been Garden in the Autumn ; for they continue flowering
diſcovered in Spain, from whence I received the Seeds, from "July until the Froſt puts a Stop to them: And, if
which have ſucceeded in the Chelſea Garden. It hath the theſe Flowers had an Odour equal to their Beauty, they
intire Habitof the Armeria Clufii,or Sweet William. The would deſerve one of the firſt Places in a Garden; but
Flower-ſtems riſe about a Foot and a half high, which they are without any Sortof Scent, which has occafioned
are garniſhed with Leaves ſomewhat like thoſe of the their being too much neglected:
For the great Beauty,
Carnation, but are of a darker Green. Theſe are placed and Variety of Colours in their Flowers, renders them
oppoſite by Pairs; the Tops of the Stalks are terminated worthy of a Place in every good Garden. The Flower-
by cloſe Umbels of Flowers, each being compofed of items of theſe Plants are from Six to Eight Inches high,
Five Leaves. Some of theſe are yellow, and others of and the Flowers terminate the Stalks. The Roots will
a ruſty Iron Colour, which often is ſeen in the fame often laſt two Years, provided they are growing in a
Umbel; but, in general, the different colours are in dry Soil; but they are generally raiſed from Seeds
different Umbels. The Seaſon of its flowering is in July; every Year.
the Weather proves cool and moiſt, there will
PLATE

PL. I.XXXI
Fig.1
Pig.
F.1. CARYOPHYLLUS montana umbellatus / tembus panis luteni ferugineis Italicus Barr.obf.648.
Fig. 2. CARYOPHYLLUS Sinenfis supinus limvi folio, flore pleno Boerh, Ind.alb.
Published axurding to act of Parliamentben Miller. April.27.1766.



PIZZXXX
CASSIA foliotis trijugatis ovatis exterioribus majoribus flore magno,siliquä pientagona alată.
1 Miller Jauty
Publiohit scording to Act of Parliament byl Miller Aprit: 27- 1756


PW LITEIT
ES
به
Frigil.
.
Fig.1. CASSINE foliis ovato-lanicolatis ferratis oppofitis deciduis floribus Corymboſsia
Fig.2.CAS SINE folis lanceolatis alternis sempervirentibus floribus axillaribus
R Leuke det
SS Milterelealp
Published acording to det of Parliament by Miller April 1756. -

[ 55 ]
P L A T E
LXXXII.
CASSIA, Tourn. Inft. R.H.619. Tab. 392. Raii Method. que hexapbylla, flore magno, filiqua pentagona alata, MSS.
Plant. 160. Lin. Gen. Plant. 461. Senna fpuria, Houſt. 195. This Plant approaches near to the Caffia filiqua qua-
MSS. Wild Senna, vulgo.
drangulari, Hort. Elth. in its Leaves, but the Flowers
of our Plant are near twice as large, and the Pods are
D
OCTOR Tournefort has placed this Genus of much more turgid than thoſe of the other Plant, and the
Plants in the fifth Section of his Twenty-firſt Wings of the Pods are broader. Beſide theſe Differences,
Cials, intituled, Trees and Shrubs with a Roſe-flower, whoſe there is another very effential one; which is, the Plant
Pointal turns to a Pod. Mr. Ray ranges it among the here figured is perennial, and the Stem will become lig-
Trees with a Flower of Five Leaves, and Doctor Linnæus neous, whereas the other is an annual Plant.
places it in his Tenth Claſs of Plants, intituled, Deran- This Plant was diſcovered by the late Dr. William
dria Monogynia; the Flower having Ten Stamina, and Houſtoun, at Campeachy, from whence he ſent the Seeds,
One Pointal. Doctor Houſtoun, in his Manuſcript Ca- which were fown in ſeveral curious Gardens in England,
talogue of the Plants which he diſcovered in America, where they have flowered and perfected their Seeds, in
has ſeparated all the Species of this Genus, whoſe Seeds thoſe Gardens where there were good Stoves to preſerve
are not included in Pulp, from thoſe which are ; and them through the Winter: For, as the natural Country
he has given the Title of Senna ſpuria to that Genus,
and of this Plant is very hot, ſo it will not live in England,
retains that of Caffia to thoſe whoſe Pods have Pulp unleſs it is placed in a warm Stove.
furrounding the Seeds. This Diſtinction was firſt made It uſually grows about Four or Five Feet high, hav-
by Doctor Herman, but, after his Time, they were join- ing a woody Stem, with ſeveral lateral Branches. Theſe
ed again by moſt of the Writers on Botany.
are garniſhed with winged Leaves, each having Three
Pair of Lobes (or finall Leaves), which are broadeft at
The Species here repreſented is,
their Extremity,
where they are bluntly rounded off. At
Cassia
foliolistrijugatis ovatis exterioribus
majoribus.flore the Footſtalks of the Leaves the Flowers are produced,
magno, filiqua pentagona alata, i.e. Wild Senna (or which are formed into cloſe ſhort Spikes. Theſe are
Callia) with Three Pair of oval Pinne to each Leaf, compoſed of Six Petals (or Leaves), which expand in
the upper being the largeſt, a large yellow Flower, Form of a Roſe, and are of a bright yellow Colour; in
and a Five-angle winged Pod.
the Center of which is ſituated the Style, attended by
a, repreſents the Spike of Flowers ariſing from Foot- the Ten recurved Stamina. After the Flower is palt, the
falks of the Leaves. b, fhews a fingle Flower taken from Style becomes a Pod of about Six Inches in Length,
the Spike, exhibiting the Ten recurved Stamina.. c, the ſwelling in the Middle, and having Five Angles, or
Pod, which has Five Ale, or Wings, running longi- coloured Seeds, which are a little compreſſed.
Borders, lengthways. Theſe contain many Liver-
tudinally from the ſmall Foot-ſtalk.
The Leaves of this Plant have been ſubſtituted for
Doctor Houſtoun titles this Plant, Senna Spuria plerum- Senna in the natural Place of its Growth.
ME
P L A T E
LXXXIII.
CASSINE, Lin. Gen. Plant. 333. Pluk. Mantiſ. 40. the Phillyrea Capenſis greatly in the Shape of the Leaves,
Caflioberry Buſh, South Sea Tea, or Yappon. thoſe being broader, rounder, and of a much harder
Texture, than the Caffine, and continue through the
(HE Characters of this Genus are exhibited in Year, being an Evergreen; whereas the Plant here
The Gardener's Dictionary. Doctor Linnæus ranges figured, ſheds its Leaves in Winter: And it differs from
it in the Third Diviſion of his Fifth Claſs of Plants, Seba's Frutex Ethiopicus in its Leaves growing oppoſite;
intituled, Pentandria Trigynia, the Flowers having Five whereas thoſe of Seba's Plant are ranged alternately,
Stamina and Three Stigmas.
a, repreſents One of the Flowers taken from the
The Species here repreſented are,
Bunch, fhewing the Five Stamina. b, is one of the
Berries, which is intire. Theſe have commonly Three
Fig. 1. Cassina foliis ovato-lanceolatis ſerratis oppofitis Cells, in each of which is included a ſingle Seed.
deciduis, floribus corymboſis. The Callioberry Buſh,
vulgd.
Fig. 2. CAssine foliis lanceolatis alternis ſemper viren-
tibus, floribus axillaribus. South Sea Tea, Yappon,
"This is, by Doctor Plukenett, intituled, Calane otra Evergreen Calline, .
perquam fimilis Arbuſcale Phillyree, foliis antagoniſiis,
a Provincia Carolinensi, Mantil 40.
This Plant is ſeparated by Doctor Linneur from the
Doctor Linnæus has ſuppoſed this Plant, and the Phile other, and placed in his Fourth Claſs of Plants;
and he
lyrea Capenfis folio Celaſtri, Hort. Eltb. to be the fame; has join'd it to the common Holly, under the Title of
and alſo the Frutex Æthiopicus alaterni foliis, Seb. Thef. Ilex, making this and the Dahoon Holly the ſame Plant :
and has added the Ceraſus Sebeſkina domeſtice feliis ali- But if the Doctor had ſeen the Flowers of the Two
quatenus accedens of Plukenett to it; whereas they are Plants, he would not have been guilty of this Miftake;
fo many different Plants: Therefore, it may be fuppoſed for the Flowers of the Plant here repreſented, have Five
he has not ſeen the Plant here figured, for it differs from Stamina, and do agree with the other Sort in all the Cha-
racters

[ 56 ]
racters, ſo ſhould not be ſeparated; nor can any Perſon, they have Two different Shrubs, from which they gather
who ſees this and the Daboon Holly, ever fuppofe them Two Sorts of this Tea, which they diſtinguiſh by dif-
to be the ſame Species, as there is a remarkable Diffe- ferent Titles; and, fo far as they remember the Shape
rence in all their Parts.
of their Leaves, believe them to be the Two Sorts here
Mr. Cateſby, who has figured this Plant in his Hiſtory repreſented. The Leaves of the Firſt Species are ex-
of Carolina, calls it by Doctor Plukenett's Name; viz. tremely bitter; an Infuſion of them is very ſerviceable
Caffine vera floridanorum arbuſcula baccifera alaterni ferme in recovering loft Appetites; as alſo to remove Pains of
facie, foliis alternatim fitis tetrapyrene, Pluk. Mant. 40. the Stomach: But it ſhould not be made too ſtrong, lelt
Cateſb. Hift. Vol. II. p.67. In his Plate the Plant is it prove emetic or cathartic. This Shrub will grow to
figured with the Berries, when ripe, having no Flowers; the Height of Ten or Twelve Feet, and forms itlelfino
and it feldom produces Flowers in England: Therefore a very ſpreading buſhy Head. It often
flowers in July;
the exhibiting a Branch of it here, was with a Deſign to but I have not heard of its ripening any Fruit in England.
fhew how it differed from the Firſt Species, becauſe they It will live abroad in the open Air, if planted in a fhel.
have been by ſome Perſons ſuppoſed the fame. Mr. tered Situation, but when it is in a cold ſtrong Soil, and
Cateſby ſeems poſitive that this Plant is the ſame as that too much expoſed, the tender Shoots are frequently
which grows at Paraguay, the Leaves of which are dried killed in Winter.
and uſed for Tea in moft Parts of the Continent of Neto The Second Sort is an evergreen Shrub, which is not
Spain; fo that the Jeſuits of Paraguay drive a great ſo hardy as the former ; fo will not live in the open Air
Trade with it, and draw greatRiches into their Province in England, unleſs it is planted in a very warm Situation.
by this Commodity. And I have been well informed, by This feldom grows fo large as the former, and very
Perſons who have ſeen the Shrubs there growing, that rarely produces Flowers in England.
P L A T E
LXXXIV.
S
nut.
D
CASTANEA, Tourn. Inft. R. H. 584. Tab. 352. Raii The Characters of this Tree are exhibited in The Gar-
Meth. Plant. 140. Fagus, Lin. Gen.Plant. 951. Chef- dener's Dictionary.
In French, Chetiguer.
Doctor Linneushas applied the following Title to this
OCTOR Tournefort ranges this Genus in his Plant, Fagus foliis lanceolatis accuminato-Serratis ſubtus
Nineteenth Claſs, which contains the Trees and nudis, Hort. Cliff. 447. but I think this ſhould not be
Shrubs with amentaceous Flowers, which are produced in joined to the Beech-Tree, but continued as a diſtinct
ſeparate Parts from the Fruit on the ſame Trees. And Mr. Genus under the Title by which it has been univerſally
Ray places it in his Claſs of Trees whoſe Flowers and known for many Ages; for, as the Male Flowers of the
Fruit grow at remote Diſtances: Doctor Linneus has join- Beech-Tree are collected into globular Heads, and thoſe
ed this Tree to the Beech, making it only aSpecies of that of the Cheſnut into long cylindrical Spikes, ſo this Dif-
Genus; ſo has applied the Title of Fagus to this, and tinction is fufficient to ſeparate them, were there no
places it in the Eighth Section of his Twenty-firſt Claſs Difference in their Fruit.
of Plants, intituled Monoecia Polyandria, which includes The Diſtinction which fome Authors have made, be-
thoſe Plants, which have Male and Female Flowers on tween what they term the Wild and the Manured Chef-
the ſame Plant; and the Flowers have many Stamina. nut, is only from the Size of their Fruit, as hath been
obſerved; but I ſuppoſe there may be a better Reaſon
The Species here repreſented is,
for continuing the Appellation of Manured to thoſe with
large Fruit, becauſe in many countries, where the Trees
CASTANEA fativa, C. B.P. 418. The Manured Cheſnut. are cultivated for their Fruit only, the Inhabitants graft
from thoſe Trees which produce the faireft Fruit, where-
This Epithet is generally applied to thoſeTrees which by they preſerve them in Perfection: whereas thoſe Trees
produce large Fruit, which, by the French, is diſtin- which are raiſed from the largeſt Nuts will degenerate;
guiſhed by the Appellation of Marronier ; but, as the fo that few of them will produce fo large Fruit as their
Nuts taken from the fame Tree will produce Trees Parent Tree: Therefore, whoever is deſirous to have
whoſe Fruit will greatly differ as to their Size, ſo the this Fruit in Perfection, ſhould procure Grafts from ſuch
Varieties ariſing from Seeds ſhould not be regarded by Trees as do produce good Fruit, and graft them on
Botaniſts.
young Cheſnut Stocks, by which Method they may
continue the Kind, and the Trees will be more fruitful
a, repreſents the Spikes of Male Flowers, which are than thoſe which are ungrafted.
compoſed of many long ſlender Stamina, included in a There can be no Doubt of this Tree having been for
Bell-Ihaped Empalement of One Leaf, which is cut merly in great abundance in ſeveral Parts of England,
into Five Parts at the Top. b, ſhews the Spikes of Em- fince many of the old Buildings are found to be princi-
bryo's, which have no viſible Flower, but Three Styles pally of this Timber; and there are many Records which
which reft on the Top. Theſe are produced at a Diſtance mention ſeveral Foreſts of theſe Trees : But how it has
from the Katkins, or Male Flowers. c, fhews a Fruit happened that a Tree ſo common here, whoſe Timber
with its prickly Cover. And d, One of the Covers open, is fo valuable, ſhould be almoſt extirpated in England,
ſhewing
the Three Cells in which the Nuts are lodged. is not eaſy to account for.
bad
logo
PLATE

PLEZT
CASTANEA fatin 0.3.2



PL LXXV
han
است اما
2 그
​CAU CALLS arvensis cehinata latifolia 0.3.7.152. .
Pubtietis amording to As of _Partiament but Milton May 25, 1950,


P. LXXXVZ
CEANOTHUS foliis trinerviis Lin.fppl. vgs.
Published ameling to ter of Parliament by Miller May, 281756

( 57 )
P L Α Τ Ε .
LXXXV
CAUCALIS, Tourn. Inft. R. H. 323. Tab. 171. Echino- cula, foliis pinnatis, foliclis lanceolatis inciſo-ferratis, Lin.
pbora, Col. Ecpbr. 1. 97. Raii Meth. 53. Tor dylium, Sp. Pl. 240.
Lin. Gen. Pl. 293. Baſtard Parſley.
This Plant is annual, riſing from the Seeds which fall
in the Autumn, where they are permitted to ſcatter, or
HIS Genus of Plants is by Doctor Tournefort when they are cultivated in Gardens : The Seeds ſhould
ranged in the Sixth Section of his Seventh be fown foon after they are ripe, otherwiſe they do not
Claſs of Plants, intituled, Herbs with umbellated ſucceed well. The Plants grow about Two Feet high,
Flowers, ranged circularly, whoſe Empalement turns to Two and divide into Branches, which are deeply chanelled,
large Seeds, wbich are chanelled with deep Furrows. Mr. and covered with Hairs; theſe are garniſhed with broad
Ray places it in the Thirteenth Section of his Eleventh Leaves, which are divided into ſeveral Lobes, being
Claſs of Plants, which he titles, Plants with umbellated deeply cut or jagged, and ſerrated on their Edges. At the
Flowers, and prickly Seeds. Doctor Linnæus has ranged Top of each Branch the Flowers are produced in Umbels,
this Plant in his Genus of Tor dylium, which is included each of theſe being compoſed of Three, Four, or Five,
in the Second Diviſion of his Fifth Claſs of Plants, in- ſmaller Umbels, which are for the moſt part compoſed
tituled, Pentandria Digynia, the Flowers having Five of Seven Flowers; theſe are of a purple Colour, hav-
Stamina and Two Styles.
ing Five Leaves, and in the Center is placed the double
The Characters of this Genus are exhibited in the Ovarium, attended by Five Stamina; theſe are incloſed
Gardener's Diētionary,
in an Empalement of One Leaf, cut at the Top into
Five acute Segments. When the Flower is paſt, the
The Species here repreſented is,
Ovarium ſwells, and becomes Two Seeds joined cloſe
together, covered with a prickly Coat or Cover. It
CAUCALis arvenſis echinata latifolia, C. B. P. 152. flowers in June, and the Seeds ripen in Auguſt or Sep-
Broad-leaved prickly Field Baſtard Parſley,
tember.
The Plants of this Genus were formerly eaten as Sallad
4, repreſents a ſingle Flower taken from the Umbel, Herbs, but of late they have not been uſed either in Food
ſhewing the Flower, which conſiſts of Five Parts. b, re- or in Medicine; but ſome of the medical Writers have
preſents a Cluſter of Seeds. C, the Empalement of the attributed great Virtues to theſe Plants. Matthiolus ſays,
Flower, which is cut into Five acute Segments. d, the that theſe Herbs comfort the Heart, and remove Ob-
Two Seeds which fucceed to each Flower. e, a ſingle ſtructions of the Liver and Spleen, and cleanſe the Blad-
Seed ſeparated, ſhewing the ſmooth Side.
der and Reins of Gravel, if the Juice of the Herb is
John Baubin has titled this Plant, in his Hiſtory, Lap. drank. There are many other Virtues attributed to
pula canaria latifolia, five caucalis, Vol. 3. p. 2. 80. theſe Plants, but at preſent they are not uſed. It grows
And, by Columna, it is titled, Echinophora quarta major wild in ſome Parts of Cambridgeſhire, but not very com-
platyphyllos purpurea, Par. 1.97. And, by Doctor Lin- mon. Lobel ſays it is called Caucalis from the form of
naus, it is intituled, Tordylium umbella conferta mediuf- the Seeds, which reſemble oblong hemiſpherical Veſſels.
PL Α Τ.
Τ Ε
LXXXVI.
i .
CEANOTHUS, Lin. Gen. Plant. Edit. 5. Celaſtrus, Edit. 1. The Species here repreſented is,
Euonymus, Com. Hort. Amft. 1. p. 167. Pluk. Almag.
139. Jerſey Tea.
CEAONTHUS foliis trinerviis, Lin. Sp. Plant. 195. i. e.
Ceanothus with Leaves having Three Ribs or Veins.
of his Fifth Claſs of Plants, intituled Pentandria Gardeners Carolina Spirea. This Plant is titled by Doctor
Monogynia, from the Flowers having Five Stamina and Commelin Euonymus Novi Belgii Corni feminæ foliis, Hort.
One Style. In the Catalogue of the Garden of Mr. Amfi. 1. 167. and Doctor Plukenet calls it Euonymus
Clifford, and all his former Writings, he joins this Plant Jujubinis foliis Carolinienfis, fruttu parvo fere umbellato,
to his Genus of Celaſtrus, or Staff-tree; from which he Almag. 132. Tab. 28. F. 6. In the Hortus Cliffortianus,
has ſince ſeparated it, and conſtituted a new Genus, of and the Flora Virginica, it is titled Celafirus inermis
, foliis
which we have at preſent Four Species.
ovatis ferratis trinerviis, racemis ex ſummis alis longiffimis ;
and, in the Catalogue of the Garden at Upſal, Doctor
The Characters are,
Linnæus has titled it, Ceanothus corymbis folio longioribus,
P. 51.
The Flower bath a turbinated Empalement of One Leaf,
which is cut at the Top into live acute Segments, and is This Shrub is a Native of Nerth America, from whence
permanent. The Flower is compoſed of Five roundiſb Petals, the Seeds have been brought to England by the Title of
wbich are equal, and do not extend beyond the Empalement, New Jerſey Tea, as it is ſuppoſed, from the Leaves being
as is repreſented at a. In the Centre of the Flower is fitu- uſed as Tea in that country. It was many Years ago
ated the three-cornered Germen, on which is placed a cylin- growing in the Biſhop of London's Garden at Fulham,
drical Style baving a blunt Stigma; tbeſe are attended by as alſo in Mr. Derby's Garden at Hoxton, but was for
Five Stamina, placed oppoſite to the Petals
, crowned with ſeveral Years after loft in England ; and has been reco-
roundiſt Summits. When the Flower is paſt, the Germen vered again from America within a few Years paſt, fo as
becomes a three-cornered dry Capſule, repreſented at b, being to be at preſent pretty common in moſt of the curious
divided into Three Cells, each having a ſingle Seed, repre- Gardens near London. Doctor Plukenet, who was the
Jented c and d; at e is flown a Cluſter of the dry Seed. Firſt Author that has mentioned this Plant, has alſo
veſſels, as they naturally grow.
given a ſmall Figure of it in his Plytegrapbia, but it is
NUMB. XV.
Q
too

[ 58 ]
too ſmall and imperfect, being drawn from a dried Spe- the Ground. The Branches are very fender; and as
cimen. Doctor Commelin's Figure was drawn from a it is pretty late in the Spring before they begin to ſhoot,
Plant which had been too tenderly nurſed in a Green- fo, unleſs the Autumn proves dry and mild, the tender
houſe, whereby the Spikes of Flowers are feparated, and Shoots are often killed down very low by the early Froſts;
drawn very looſe; whereas when the Plants grow in the but, in favourable Seaſons, the extreme Parts of the
open Air, the Flowers are always produced in very cloſe Shoots only are injured by the Cold. Theſe Branches
Spikes, as they are repreſented in the Figure here an- are garniſhed with oval pointed Leaves, having Three
nexed. In the Deſcription of this Plant, Doctor Com- longitudinal Veins running from the Footſtalk to the
melin mentions that the Leaves continued on it all the Point, which diverge in the broad Part of the Leaves
Winter; and only dropped off in the Summer, when they from each other : The Leaves are placed oppoſite by
were immediately ſucceeded by new ones: But this muſt Pairs, and are of a light-green Colour. At the Extre-
have happened from the Plants being too young, and mity of each Shoot the Flowers are produced in cloſe
their being kept in a warm Green-houſe ; for all thoſe thick Spikes, which are compoſed of Five ſmall Leaves,
Plants which grow in the open Air, ſhed their Leaves and are of a clear White: Theſe appear in July, and make
in the Autumn, and this they alſo do in their native a very fine Appearance during their Continuance; for,
Country, ſo there is no Doubt of its being a deciduous as every Shoot is terminated by one of theſe Spikes, fo
Shrub. The Seeds of this were ſent to Doctor Commelin the whole Shrub is covered over with Flowers, the
from New Holland; and I have received Seeds of it from Branches commonly growing very cloſe to each other.
New England, Virginia, Philadelphia, and Carolina ; fo After the Flowers are paſt, there fucceeds to each Flower
that it certainly grows naturally over the greateſt Part a tricapſular Seed veffel, fatted at the Top, opening into
of North America ; for the French Writers mention it Three Cells, each having a ſingle Seed. In warm Sea-
growing very common in Canada, where the Cattle fons the Seeds will ripen very well in England. This
browze on the young Shoots, whereby it is always kept Shrub is beſt propagated by Seeds, which ſhould be fown
very low; and they recommend the Uſe of the Root in in ſmall Pots, and plunged into a moderate Hot bed,
venereal Caſes.
to bring up the Plants, which ſhould be enured to bear
This Shrub ſeldom riſes more than Three or Four the open Air by Degrees, as ſoon as they have obtained
Feet high in England, branching out on every Side near a little Strength.
PLATE
LXXXVII.
tree.
CELASTRUS, Lin. Gen. Plant. 239. 'Euonymus, Com. ſempervirens, capſulå triloculari aſperatâ rubente, Ind. Al.
Hort. Amft. 1. 163. Raii Dend. 72. Method. Plant, 2. P. 237. Doctor Plukenet gives it the following Title,
155. Lycium, Boerb. Ind. alt. 2. 237. The Staff- Euonymo affinis Æthiopica, Lycii foliis & aculeis, fructu
Euonymi, Almag. 130. Tab. 280.
This Plant grows naturally in Ethiopia, from whence
T!
HIS Genus of Plants is ranged by Doctor Linnæus the Seeds were brought to the Gardens in Holland; and,
in his Fifth Claſs of Plants, intituled, Pentandria from the Plants which were there raiſed, moſt of the
Monogynia, from the Flower having Five Stamina and a curious Gardens in Europe have been ſupplied. It ſeldom
ſingle Style. The Title of Celaſtrus has been applied to grows more than Three Feet high in the Gardens here.
One Species of Alaternus, by many of the old Writers The Stem of this Shrub is generally crooked, and the
on Botany ; fo Doctor Linnæus has revived that Name, Branches are irregular and taper. Theſe are garniſhed
and conſtituted a Genus under that Title, and has applied with Leaves which are about Two Inches long, and
it to fome Plants which were diſtributed under Two or half an Inch broad, fome ending in a Point, and others
Three different Genera by former Botaniſts.
are obtuſe; they are ſtiff, and of a ſhining green Colour,
The Characters of the Genus are exhibited in the ſmooth on their Edges, and are placed without any Order
Gardener's Diftinary.
on the Branches. The Flowers are produced looſely in
ſmall Tufts, ſtanding upon pretty long Footſtalks; theſe
The Species here repreſented is,
are of a dirty-white Colour, and are compoſed of Five
Petals, which ſpread quite open, and in the Center is
CELASTRUS ſpinis nudis, ramis teretibus, foliis acutis, Hort. placed a ſwelling Embryo, crowned with a tapering
Cliff: 72. i. e. Staff-tree with naked Spines, taper Style; theſe are attended by Five Stamina, which ariſe
Branches, and pointed Leaves. This has been igno- from the Embryo, and ſpread open, being ſituated be-
rantly titled African Berberry by ſome Gardeners. tween the Petals of the Flower, each being crowned
with a blunt Summit. After the Flower is paſt, the
a, repreſents a ſingle Flower ſpread open, ſhewing Embryo ſwells, and becomes an oblong pointed Fruit,
its Five Leaves, with the Five Stamina which are ſpread of a reddiſh Colour, which opens into Three Cells, in
open, as at b; and in the Center is ſituated the ſwelling each of which is lodged an oval hard Seed. The uſual
Ovarium, ſupporting the cylindrical Style. c, ſhews an Time of its Flowering here is in June, July, and Au-
intire Fruit, with its permanent Empalement. d, the guft, and the Fruit ripens the Winter following. As
Fruit cut through tranſverſely, ſhewing the Three Cells, theſe Plants are ever-green, fo they make a pretty Va-
with the Seeds lodged in them. And e, a ſingle Seed riety in the Green houſe during the Winter-ſeaſon, eſpe-
taken out of the Fruit.
cially when they have a good Quantity of Fruit on their
This Plant is figured, in the Hortus Amſtelodamenſis, Branches, which, together with ſome Flowers which are
by the Title of Lycium Æthiopicum, Pyracanthe foliis, frequently produced at that Seafon, make a very agree-
Vol. 1. p. 163. Doctor Boerhaave, in the Catalogue of able Appearance during the whole Winter, which ren-
the Leyden Garden, mentions this Plant twice, firſt under ders this Plant more valuable. The Method of
popa-
the following Title, Rhamno fimilis Africana, fruclu tri- gating it, together with the Culture, are fully exhibited
Loculari, folio Pyracanthe, Ind. Alt. 2. p. 212. and after in the Gardener's Dictionary,
wards by this Title, Euonymus Africanus craffioribus foliis
PL AT E

d
CELA STRUs spines wedis ramai teretibus folis aceitis Lin. Hort. Cliff
Published in der Pramonty P Millen May 28 736



PL LAVII
CELTIS fructu etfenre' purpurafcente Toum. 612 .
d. Millar del
R. Lanake det
Publishd according to Aot of Parliament by P Millor May %5*1756


PL. LXXXZX
Figol.
Fig.2 .
d
Fig1. CERASUS hortensis plene flore CB.P. 450.
Fig.2. CERASUS pumila Canadensis oblonge anguto fotio flore fructu parvo Du Hamel.
R. Zamko del
Published according to Act of Parliament by Stiller Alay. 25. 1156 ---

[ 59 ]
P L Α Τ Ε
LXXXVIII.
CELTIs, Tourn. Inft. R. H.612. Lin. Gen. Plant. 1012. in Doctor Uvedal's Garden at Enfield: The latter was
Lotus arbor, Raii Metb. Plant. 150. The Lore or ftanding a few Years fince, when I paid a Viſit to that
Nettle tree. In Frencb, Micocoulier,
Garden ; but the other at Fulbam was cut down, with
many other curious Trees, ſeveral Years ago.
HIS Genus of Plants is by Doctor Tournefort placed There are ſeveral pretty old Trees, now growing in
T:
in the Second Section of his Twenty-firſt Claſs, in the Gardens near London, of the Sort here figured, which
tituled, Trees and Shrubs with a Roſe-Flower, whoſe Point al produce great Quantities of Fruit annually, and there
turns to a Berry. Mr. Ray ranges it in his Claſs of Trees feldom comes any Quantity of Seeds from North Ame-
whoſe Fruit is fucculent, and joined to the Bottom of the rica without having ſome of theſe among them; ſo that
Flower. Doctor Linnæus places it in his Twenty-third it is now become common in moſt of the Nurſery Gar-
Claſs of Plants, intituled, Polygamia Monoecia, from the dens near London. The Flowers of this Tree are pro-
fame Tree having Male and Hermaphrodite Flowers. duced in May, and always appear as foon as the Leaves
are put out, ſo they are fully expanded before the Leaves
The Species here repreſented is,
are grown to half their Size, as may be ſeen by the
Branch here exhibited with the Flowers, which is repre-
Celtis fručtu obſcure purpurafcente, Tourn. Inſt. 612. fented in the natural State of the Tree at that Seaſon;
American Lote or Nettle tree, with dark purple Fruit. and the other Branch, which is laid at the Bottom, re-
preſents their Leaves when grown to their full Size.
a, repreſents an Hermaphrodite Flower. b, a Fruit As it is late in the Spring before the Leaves come out,
full grown. C, the Fruit cut tranſverſely, fhewing its ſo they commonly continue as long in Beauty in the
fingle Cell. d, a Seed taken out of the Cell. €, the Two Autumn, for they are the lateſt in fading of any of the
crooked Pointals which ſtand on the Embryo, and are deciduous Trees; nor do they alter their Colour long
encompaſſed by the Stamina in the Center of the Flower. before they fall, but continue in full Verdure till within
Mr. Ray titles this Tree, Lotus arbor Virginiana, frullu a few Days of their dropping off; and, fo foon as they
rubro, Hift
. 1917. Doctor Gronovius, in the Flora Vir. begin to fall
, the Trees will in a few Days be quite der-
ginica, calls it Celtis procera, foliis ovato-lanceolatis ſer- titute of Leaves, ſo that the Litter which their falling
ratis, fru&lu pullo, p. 195; and Doctor Linnæus, in his Leaves occafion may be ſooner cleared away than that
Species Plantarum, titles it, Celtis foliis oblique-ovatis fer- of any other deciduous Tree. There is little Beauty in
Tatis acuminatis, p. 1044.
the Flowers or Fruit of this Tree; but, as the Branches
This Tree grows naturally in North America, where are well clothed with Leaves, which are of a fine green
it becomes a large Tree: It is generally found on moift Colour, ſo the Trees, when mixed with others in Wil-
rich Ground, in the Woods over moſt parts of North derneſſes, make a pleaſing Variety during the Summer
America. This Species is much more common in Eng- Seaſon. The Wood of this Tree, being tough and
land than that with black Fruit, though the latter grows pliable, is eſteemed by Coach-makers for the Frames of
naturally in the South of France, in Spain, and Italy; their Carriages.
yet is equally hardy, and will bear the Cold of this Cli. The Leaves of the Sort here repreſented are much
mate full as well. But I do not remember to have ſeen broader and ſhorter than thoſe of the European Kind;
more than Two large Trees of the European Sort in any which, together with the Colour of the Fruit, makes a
of the Engliſh Gardens; one of which was growing in fufficient Diſtinction between them.
the Biſhop of London's Garden at Fulham, and the other
P L Α Τ Ε
LXXXIX.
D
CERASUS, Tourn. Inf. R. H. 625. Tab. 401. Raii Meth. the Characters of their Flowers, yet, if the Fruit is ad-
Plant. 150. Prunus, Lin. Gen. Plant. 546. The mitted as one of the Characters, the Cherry muſt be
Cherry-tree. In French, Cerifier.
kept ſeparate from the Plum by the Shape of the Fruit,
and particularly of the Stone, which in Form is very
O&tor Tournefort ranges this Genus in the Seventh different; nor will the Cherry grow upon a Plum-ſtock,
Section of his Twenty-firſt Claſs of Plants, inti- or the Plum upon a Cherry-ſtock, by grafting or bud-
tuled, Trees and Shrubs with a Roſe-ſhaped Flower, whoſe ding; ſo that there is an eſſential Difference in their
Pointal becomes a Fruit baving a bard Shell,
Nature ; for all Trees and Shrubs of the fame Genus
Mr. Ray places it in his Claſs of Trees with moiſt are found to ſucceed when budded or grafted upon each
Fruit which is faſtened to the Baſe of the Flower: And other, however they may appear to differ in their out-
Doctor Linnæus ranges it in his Twelfth Claſs of Plants, ward Form.
which he titles Icofandria Monogynia; in this Claſs he The Characters of this Genus are exhibited in the
places all thoſe Plants whoſe Flowers have more than Gardener's Di&tionary.
Twenty Stamina. In the laſt Edition of his Genera
Plantarum, he has joined to the Plum the Apricock,
The Species here repreſented are,
Cherry, and Padus, of his former Edition, making all F10. 1. CERASUS bertenfis, pleno fiere, C. B. P. 450,
of the fame Genus; but, although they nearly agree in The Manured or Garden Cherry-tree, with double
Flowers.

[ 60 ]
Flowers. This is the Cereſus multiflora of Taberne- thiolus, Gerard, and ſome other Botaniſts, and was for-
montanus, and Ceraſus pleno flore of John Baubin. merly in many of the Engliſh Gardens. This Shrub
feldom riſes more than Three or Four Feet high, and
This Tree is cultivated in the Gardens for the Beauty divides into many flender Branches near the Ground,
of its Flowers, which come out in May, and, during which are covered with a reddiſh brown Bark; theſe are
their Continuance, make a very fine Appearance, each garniſhed with long narrow Leaves, which are whitiſh
Flower being as double as a common Roſe, and of a on their under Side, and of a light Green on their upper
much larger Size than any of the ſingle Flowers; fo Side, coming out without any Order. The Flowers
that, as the Trees are generally well garniſhed with them, come out Two or Three together at each Joint, the
there are few of the Flowering Trees which make ſo whole Length of the Branches, fupported by long ſlender
good an Appearance as this. It is propagated by graft- Footſtalks, each having Five Leaves, which are much
ing or budding it upon any common Cherry-ſtock; but, narrower than thoſe of the common Cherry; theſe are
when they are deſigned for large Standards, the black ſucceeded by a ſmall red Fruit, which is of an acid
or wild Cherry-ſtock is beft; but, if they are intended Taſte. It flowers in May, about the fame Time as the
for low Shrubs, they may be grafted upon the Bird common Cherry, and the Fruit ripens in July. The
Cherry, which will ſtint their Growth, and cauſe them Branches of this Shrub, being laid down in the Ground,
to be Dwarfs.
take Root, ſo may be eaſily propagated by that Method.
The Seeds of this Cherry were fent me from Paris by
FIG. 2. Cerasus pumila Canadenſis, oblongo angufto folio, the Title of Ragouminier, which I find is the Name given
fructu parvo, Du Hamel. Dwarf Cherry, with narrow to it in Canada, where they alſo call it Nega, or Minel.
Leaves, and a ſmall Fruit.
This Shrub may be planted in Wilderneſs Quarters,
where, being intermixed with others of the fame Growth,
This is probably the ſame which is deſcribed by Mat- it will add to the Variety.
P L Α Τ Ε
XC.
Cereus, Par. Bat. 122. Boerh. Ind. Alt. 1. 292. Jul. where it grows naturally, ſwells to the Size of a Berga-
AF. R. S. 1716. Caftus, Lin. Gen. Plant. 539. Torch mot Pear; but, in England, the Whole falls off toge-
Thiſtle.
ther, without producing any Fruit.
T:
It grows naturally in the Inands of America, where
HIS Genus of Plants is by Doctor Boerbaave
placed among thoſe Plants which have many Pods the Branches faften their Roots into the Bark of Trees,
ſucceeding to each Flower, which by no means agrees whereby they ſupport themſelves, and climb to the Tops
with this Plant; but it would more properly come under of the talleſt Trees.
his Claſs of Apple-bearing Plants, where he has placed In Europe this Plant is preſerved in Stoves, being too
the Opuntia. Doctor Tournefort has not mentioned this tender to live through the Winter here without artificial
Genus in his Inſtitutions of Botany; though many of Heat. If the Pots, in which theſe Plants grow, are
the Species had been figured and deſcribed by Herman, placed againſt the Wall of the Hot-houfe, the Branches
and other Botaniſts, before Tournefort. Mr. Ray has in- will put out Roots which will faſten themſelves to the
ſerted this Genus, with ſome others which were omitted Wall, and may be trained to the Top of the Hot-
in his Method of Plants, in an Appendix to that Book. houſe; and, where there is a ſufficient Height for them
Doctor Linnæus ranges this Genus in his Twelfth Claſs to grow, they will in a few Years run to a great Extent,
of Plants, intituled, Icoſandria Monogynia, the Flowers and will produce a great Number of Flowers annually.
having many Stamina and One Style;
and he has joined Theſe Flowers are of ſhort Duration, never continuing
to this Genus the Opuntia and Meloca£tus of Tournefort, in Beauty above Eight or Ten Hours ; beginning to
and the Pereſkia of Plumier.
open in the Evening between Seven and Eight of the
The Characters of this Genus are exhibited in the Clock, are fully blown by Eleven, and by Three or
Gardener's Dictionary.
Four the next Morning fade, and hang down quite de-
cayed; but, during their Continuance, there is ſcarce
The Species here repreſented is,
any Flower of greater Beauty, or that makes a more
magnificent Appearance; for the Calyx of the Flower,
Cereus ſcandens minor polygonus articulatus, Par. Bat. when open, is near a Foot Diameter ; the Inſide of
120. Smaller creeping Torch Thiſtle, with jointed which, being of a ſplendent yellow Colour, appears like
Branches having ſeveral Angles. It is alſo titled, by the Rays of a bright Star, and the Petals of the Flowers
Doctor Herman, Cereus curaſlavicus amplexicaulis poly- being of a pure White adds to the Luftre; and the valt
gonus minor, Par. Bat.; and, in the Heſperides Norim- Number of recurved Stamina, furrounding the Style in
bergenſis, it is called Cereus Americanus major articu- the Center of the Flower, make a fine Appearance; and
latus, flore maximo nočte ſe aperiente, ſuaviſſimum odorem add to this the fine Scent of the Flower, which perfumes
Spirante, Vol. 1. p. 133. Tab. 234. Doctor Linnæus the Air to a conſiderable Diſtance: There is ſcarce any
titles it Cactus repens ſubquinquangularis, Sp. Plant. 467. Plant which deſerves a Place in the Hot-houſe ſo much
as this; eſpecially as it is to be trained againſt the Wall,
a, repreſents the ſcaly Empalement of the Flower, where it will not take up Room. The ufual Seaſon of
which is compoſed of many narrow long Leaves, which its Flowering is in July; and, when the plants are
are of a yellowiſh Colour within. b, ſhews the white large, they will produce a good Number of Flowers,
Petals of the Flower. C, the Style in the Center of the ſo that there will be a Succeſſion of them for ſeveral
Flower, which is divided at the Top into many ſlender Nights, and many of them will open the fame Night:
Segments. d, the Stamina of the Flower, with their I have frequently had Six or Eight Flowers open at the
blunt Summits, which immediately ſurround the Style. ſame time, which have made a moſt magnificent Ap-
e, repreſents the Bud of the Flower before it opens. pearance by Candlelight; but none of them have been
f, the Embryo of the Fruit, which, in the Country fucceeded by any Appearance of Fruit.
PLATE

PL
C
CEREUS fandens minor polygonus articulatus Par. Bat:120.-
Polaket av ording to ter of Eestliamont is Modern Hoy estesa.



Pl. XCI.
17
CERINTHE quorumdam major Alore cæ rubro purpurafconte I.B.
R. L ankedet.
SS.Miller Jonip
Publishil according to act of Parliament by_P Miller June 28.1756.


PL. ICH
Fig.1
Fig
. 2.
Fig.1. CHELIDONIUM majus vulgare CB_P 144.
Fig. 2 . CHELIDONIUM majus folis quernis (B.P 144.
olur soul
Ramaztea
Published according to Act of Parliament by BMiller June 28. 1756

( 61 )
P L Α Τ Ε
XCI.
T
CERINTHE, Tourn. Inf. R. H. 79. Tab. 16. Raii Meth. that the Seeds produced Plants with the ſame coloured
Plant. 57. Lin. Gen. Plant. 171. Honeywort. In Flowers as thoſe from which they were gathered. Theſe
French, Melinet.
Plants grow naturally in Italy, Spain, and ſeveral Parts
of Germany.
Ournefort places this Genus in the Third Section The Bees are very fond of theſe Plants; fo that, du-
of his Firſt Claſs of Plants, intituled, Herbs with ring their Continuance in Flower, they are conſtantly
a Bell-fbaped Flower of One Leaf, whoſe Pointal flying from Flower to Flower, and fucking out the
turns to a dry Fruit baving Two oblong Seeds. Mr. Ray mellous Liquor which is lodged in the Bottom of each,
ranges it in his Thirteenth Claſs of Plants, which he The Flowers of theſe Plants do generally hang down-
titles Herbs with rough Leaves; and Doctor Linnæus ward; ſo that the Bees are upon the Wing during their
places it in his Fifth Claſs of Plants, intituled, Pentan- thruſting their Proboſcis up the Flower to get out the
dria Monogynia; the Flower having Five Stamina, and Liquor. I believe there can be no doubt of this Plant
a ſingle Style
being the ſame with what the antient Romans mention
The Characters of this Genus are exhibited in the under the fame Appellation. Virgil titles it Cerintbre
Gardener's DiElionary.
ignobile gramen ; which Epithet may probably be given
to this Plant, from its becoming a very troubleſome
The Species here repreſented is,
Weed, and that no Cattle will eat it. For theſe Plants
do produce a great Number of Seeds, which in a warm
CERINTHE quorundam major, flore ex rubro purpuraſcente, Climate do vegetate immediately after Rain, whereby
7. B. 3. 603. Greater Honeywort, with a purpliſh the Ground is filled with the Plants: And as, in thoſe
red Flower.
warm Countries, there may be Three or Four Succef-
ſions of Plants from Seeds in One Year, ſo they may
a, ſhews a Flower cut open, repreſenting the Stamina be ranged among thoſe which are eſteemed as bad
at b. , repreſents the Empalement of the Flower with Weeds. However, as it is a favourite Plant of the Bees,
its Pointal. d, the Seed-veffel containing Two Seeds. ſo thoſe Perſons, who have an Apiary, ſhould cultivate a
This is the Third Sort mentioned in the Gardener's Number of theſe Plants in their Gardens, where, by the
Diktionary
Diverſity of their ſpotted Leaves, and hanging Flowers
Caſpar Baubin titles it Cerinthe fiore ex rubro purpura- of different Colours, they will add to the Variety.
Jcente, Pin. 258. Doctor Linneus joins this Species to They are annual Plants, which, if ſown in the Spring,
that with yellow Flowers, making them only different do flower in July and Auguft
, and their Seeds ripen in
Varieties, under the following Title, Cerinthe foliis am- September, which if permitted to ſcatter, the Plants will
plexicaulibus, fruelibus geminis, corollis obtufiuſculis patulis, many of them come up the fame Autumn; and in mo-
Sp. Plant. 136. i... Honeywort, whoſe Leaves embrace derate Winters, or if growing in a warm Situation, they
the Stalks, with a double Fruit, and a ſpreading obtufe will live through the Winter; and theſe autumnal Plants
Flower. But although, from the Colours of the Flowers will grow much larger than thoſe which are fown in the
of the Two Sorts only, they may be eſteemed Varieties; Spring, and will flower at leaſt a Month earlier : But as
yet I could never find that either of them changed or the Stems of thefe Plants are ſucculent, a very hard
altered their Colours from Seeds; for I have cultivated Froſt generally kills them.
both Sorts for Thirty Years, and have always found,
P L A T E
XCII.
.
CUELIDONIUM, Tourn. Inſt, R. H. 231. Tab. 116. Lin. a, repreſents the Petals of the Flower, which are Four
Gen. Plant. 572. Chelidonium majus, Raii Meth. Pl. in Number, placed in Form of a Croſs. h, the fingle
100. The greater Celandine; in French, Chelidoine, Style in the Centre. C, the many Stamina. d, the Pod
or Edaire,
ſplit open. the Seeds.
I
Ouruefort ranges
this Genus of Plants in the Sixth Fio. 2. CHELIDONIUM majus, foliis quernis, C. B. P.
Section of his Fifth Claſs, intituled, Herbs with a 144. Greater Celandine, with Oak Leaves. This
croſs-Shaped Flower, whoje Pointal turns to a Pod is the Chelidonium folio laciniate of John Baubin, 3. 483.
with One Cell. Mr. Ray places it in the Fourth Section and the Chelidonium majus laciniato fiore, Cluf. Hift.
of the Twentieth Claſs of Plants, which is titled Herbs 203. Doctor Linneus fuppoſes theſe to be only femi-
with anomalous Flowers of Four Leaves. Doctor Linnens nal Varieties; ſo joins them together under the fol-
ranges it in his Thirteenth Claſs of Plants, intituled, lowing Appellation. Chelidonium pedunculis umbellatis,
Polgandria Monogynia ; the Flowers having many Sta- Spec. Plaut. 505, But, from upwards of Thirty Years
mina, and One Style. To this Genus he joins the Glau having cultivated both thefe Plants, I could never
cium of Tournefort.
find they altered, but their Seeds always produced
The Characters of this Genus are exhibited in the the ſame as the Parent Plant. But there is another
Gardener's Dictionary,
Species mentioned by ſome Writers on Botany, by the
following Title: Chelidonium majus, feliis & flere mi-
The Species here repreſented are,
nutiffimé laciniatis, H. R. Par. which is only a Variety
}
of the Second Sort; for I have frequently had Plants
Fi. CHELIDONIUM majus vulgare, C. B. P. 144. produced from the Seeds of that, whole Leaves and
The common greater Celandine. This is the Cheli- Flowers were much finer cut, and jagged, than thoſe
donia of John Baubin, Par. 3. 482. and Chelidonium of the Parent Plant: And theſe Varieties are fre-
majus, Dod. Pemp. 48.
quently ſeen growing together, but I never faw the
NUMB. XVI.
R
common

[ 62 ]
common Sort riſe from the Seeds of theſe, nor do wardly to take away Warts, Specks, and Films; as allo
the Seeds of the common ever produce theſe; there for Tetters, Ringworms, and fcurfy Breakings-out. The
fore they may be allowed as different Species. bruiſed Herb, mixed with Hogs Lard, being applied
to Warts, will conſume them, as I have frequently ex-
The Firſt Sort grows wild in uncultivated Places, and perienced. The Juice of this Plant is by fome recom-
on the sides of Banks, in divers Parts of England, and mended to be applied to the Eyes, to eat off Film,
flowers in May and June. The Second Sort is only to but as it is very fall of Acrimony, ſo it may be very
be found in ſome particular Places where it has been dangerous, unleſs it is mixed with other Things to blunt
ſown; but if the Seeds are permitted to ſcatter, the the Edge of its Acrimony, as Milk is ſaid to do. It
Plants will come up, and maintain their Situation in as may alſo be unſafe to adminifter this inwardly without
great Plenty as the common Sort, and become a trouble- the ſame Precaution.
iome Weed in Gardens.
In the laſt Edition of Ray's Synopſis, this Plant is in
The common Sort is uſed in Medicine, and is eſteemed tituled Papaver corniculatum luteum, Chelidonia diftum,
aperitive and cleanſing, opening Obſtructions of the P. 309. to diſtinguiſh it from the Chelidonium minus
Spleen and Liver; and is in great Uſe in Curing of the Ger. which Dr. Tournefort has placed in the Genus Ra-
Jaundice and Scurvy. It is alſo by ſome reckoned to nmculus, and Doctor Boerbave has ſeparated from the
be cordial, and a good Antidote againſt the Plague. A Ranunculus, and put under the Title of Chelidonia, from
Quantity of this Herb is put into the Compoſition of the Empalement of the Flower having Three Leaves.
Aqua Mirabilis. The Juice of this Herb is uſed out-
P L Α Τ Ε
XCIII.
Chelone, Tourn. Acad. Reg. Sc. 1706. Tab. 7. Fig. 2. white. This is the Second Sort mentioned in the
Flor. Virg. 70. Dillen. Gen. 11. Lin. Gen. Plant. 666. Gardener's Dictionary, which was ſent from Virginia by
We have no Engliſh Name for this Plant.
Mr. Clayton a few Years paſt. Theſe Plants are very
hardy, and propagate faſt by their creeping Roots; but
THIS Plant ſhould be ranged in the Fourth Section they require a moiſt Soil and a fhady Situation. They
TH
of Tournefort's Third Claſs of Plants, intituled, flower in Auguſt and September, but do rarely produce
Herbs with an anomalous perſonated tabulous Flower of One good Seeds in England; fo are only propagated by part-
Leaf; and, according to Mr. Ray's Method, it ſhould ing of their Roots, which is beſt done in March before
be ranged in his Nineteenth Claſs of Plants, intituled, they put out their Shoots, when they will ſoon make new
Herbs with an irregular Flower of One Leaf, having many Roots, and theſe will be eſtabliſhed before the dry Seaſon
Seeds in a Capſule. Doctor Linnæus places this Genus comes on; for if they are tranſplanted late in the Spring,
in his Fourteenth Claſs of Plants, intituled, Didynamia they will not have time to get good Rooting in the
Angioſperma; the Flowers having Two long and Two Ground before the Heat of Summer; ſo that if the
ſhorter Stamina, and many naked Seeds ſucceeding each Seaſon proves dry, they will not make any great Ap-
Flower.
pearance that Year in Flower; and thoſe which are
The Characters of this Genus are exhibited in the tranſplanted in the Autumn, ſeldom do well if the
Gardener's Dictionary.
Winter proves ſevere or very wet; therefore the Spring
is by much the moſt eligible Time to part and tranſ-
The Species here repreſented is,
plant thefe Plants.
As theſe Plants flower in Autumn, when there is a
CHELONE floribus ſpeciofis pulcherrimis colore roſa dama. Scarcity of other Sorts, ſo it renders them more valu-
ſcena, Clayt. Flor. Virg. 71. Chelone with a ſpecious able. Their Shoots generally riſe Two Feet high,
Flower of the Colour of the Damaſk Roſe.
having their Leaves placed oppoſite, whoſe Baſe joins
the Stem without any Footſtalk; and ſometimes there
4, repreſents the Corolla of the Flower ſplit open. bare Three Leaves produced at the ſame Joint, furround-
and c, the Four Stamina, Two longer than the other. ing the Stem. The Leaves are from Two to Three
d, the Stylus. e, an intire Seed-veffel. f, the Seed- Inches in Length, ending in a blunt Point. They have
veffel cut through, ſhewing the Two Cells. 8
the Seed. ſeveral tranſverſe Veins in them, and are fawed on their
Edges. At the Top of the Stalk, the Flowers are pro-
There are Two or Three more Species of this Genus duced in Spikes, each coming out from a leafy Cover,
of Plants; one with a white Flower, which is the moſt which before cloſely embraces the Flower Buds; ſo that
common in the Engliſh Gardens; another with a pale they ſeem to be placed imbricatim, like the Tiles on an
blue Flower, which is at preſent very rare in England; Houſe; but when the Flowers puſh forward, they are
and one which is called The Humming Bird Tree by Jof- extended a conſiderable Length beyond thoſe leafy Co-
celin, in his New England Rarities. This is alſo pretty vers. The Flowers are of One Leaf, are tubulous, and
rare in England at preſent. They are all Natives of open at their Extremity, ſomewhat like thoſe of the
North America, where they generally grow upon boggy Snapdragon; but, inſtead of the upper Part being re-
Places, and propagate much by their creeping Roots. flexed as in that Flower, theſe are bent over the Labia,
The Sort here repreſented is the moſt beautiful, the ſo as to form fome Reſemblance of a Tortoiſe ; from
Colour of the Flowers being of a deep Red, and whence Doctor Tournefort applied this Title of Chelone
the Flowers are ſomewhat larger than thoſe of the to the Genus.
P LA TE

PL. LITEITIT
a
Ruke del
Filefferias Sculo
CHELONE folus ovato-lanceolatis ferratis Poribus rubris,
Publishi aarrding to act of Parliament by Miller June
1736



PIXCIT
CIRSIUM majus Singulari conpitulo suamato vel incanum alterum (B.P. -
R. Looks del
Sala Miller ordet
_Publishit anording to its Parlismind by Miller Jane er 1986


PIOT
"
CLINOPODIUM folis ovatis rugosis verticillis ontnibus distantibus ,
R. Lancake del
Published according to act of Parliament by P. Miller Sime 18.1756

[ 63 ]
P L Α Τ Ε
XCIV.
D
CIRSIUM, Tourn. Inf. R. H. 447. Tab. 255. Caſp. Bau- ratis, Jubtus tomentofis, Helv. 683.; and, by Doctor
bin. Pin. 377. Raii Meth. Plant. 40. Carduus Lin. Linnæus, Carduus foliis lanceolatis dentatis amplexicaulibus,
Gen. Plant. 832. The great Engliſh ſoft, gentle, or Spinulis inæqualibus ciliatis, caule inermi, Hort. Cliff. 392.
melancholy Thiſtle.
i. e. Thiſtle with Spear-ſhaped indented Leaves em-
bracing the Stalks, having ſoft Spines and a ſmooth
O&tor Tournefort ranges this Genus in the Second Stalk.
Section of his Twelfth Claſs of Plants, intituled, This Plant grows naturally near Ingleborough Hill in
Herbs with a floſculous Flower, whoſe Seeds have a Down Yorkſhire. I found it in the Park adjoining to Burrough
adhering to them. Mr. Ray places it in his Ninth Claſs Hall, the Seat of Robert Fenwick, Eſquire; but in theſe
of Plants, intituled, Herbs with a compound Flower, whoſe uncultivated Places where it grows wild, the Stalks ſel-
Floſcules are tubulous, and incloſed in a common Empalement, dom riſe much above a Foot high; whereas, in Gar-
formed in an Head. Doctor Linnæus ranges it in his dens, it is generally double that Height, and the Leaves
Nineteenth Claſs of Plants, intituled, Syng enefia poly- are ſo much larger, that it ſeems a different Plant; but,
gamia æqualis, from the Stamina being joined in each by tranſplanting it into Gardens, it foon diſcovers itſelf
Tube, and Male and Female Flowers in the ſame com- by its greater Growth. The Stalk is fingle, ariſing im-
mon Empalement. He has joined this Genus to the mediately from the Root, and is garniſhed with Leaves,
Carduus, or Thiſtle; but Doctor Tournefort, and others, which are Four or Five Inches long, and One and an
have ſeparated from that Genus all thoſe Plants whoſe half broad at their Baſe, where they embrace the Stalk.
Leaves and Heads are not armed with Spines.
Theſe are of a ſhining green Colour on their upper
The Characters of this Genus are exhibited in the Side, and white underneath, being ſlightly indented on
Gardener's Dilionary.
their Edges, where they are beſet with fine foft Prickles.
Theſe are placed alternately. On the Top of the Stalk
The Species here repreſented is,
is produced a Gngle Head, like that of a Thiſtle, and
at the Joints are often fingle Heads produced, having a
CIRstum fingulari capitulo ſquamato, vel incanum alterum, ſoft, hairy, ſcaly Empalement, in which is contained
C.B. P.
377
Soft or melancholy Thiſtle, with hoary many Female and Hermaphrodite Flowers of a purple
ſquamofe Heads.
Colour, which reft on the Embryo's, on a downy Pla-
centa. The Seeds are alſo crowned with Down. The
a, repreſents the Embryo of the Seed at the Bottom Roots of this Plant do creep far under the Surface of
of the Floret b, where the Five Stamina and Stylus is the Ground, whereby it propagates very faſt, eſpecially
ſhewn. c, is One of the Seeds taken out, with the in a light Soil.
Plume on its Top.d, ſhews the Stamina taken out of This Plant is feldom preſerved in Gardens, unleſs
the Floret.
for the ſake of Variety; but I have ſeen it much culti-
vated in ſome Gardens of Quacks, who pretended to
This is the Cirſium Britannicum Clufii repens, 7. B. 3. cure Madneſs with it; which probably may have been
46. and the Cirſium Anglicum ij Cluſ
. Hiſt
. 108. By occafioned by the Engliſh Appellation of Melancholy
Doctor Haller it is titled Cirſium foliis longe lanceolatis fer- Thiſtle given to it by Parkinſon.
P L Α Τ Ε
XCV.
T Т.
CLINOPODIUM, Tourn. Inft. R. H. 194. Tab. 92. Raii The Species here repreſented is,
Meth. Plant. 94. Lin. Gen. Plant. 644. Field Bafil.
CLINOPODIUM feliis ovatis rugoſis, verticillis omnibus di-
Ournefort ranges this Genus in the Third Section ftantibus, i.e. Field Bafil with oval rough Leaves,
of his Fourth Claſs of Plants, intituled, Herbs and the Whorles of Flowers ſtanding at a great Di-
with a labiated Flower of One Leaf, whoſe upper ſtance.
Lip is creat. Mr. Ray places it in his Fifth Section of
the Fourteenth Claſs of Plants, intituled, Herbaceous a, repreſents a ſingle Flower ſeparated from the
Plants with verticillate Flowers and oppoſite Leaves. Do- Whorles, with its Empalement by the upper Lip of
Etor Linnæus places it in his Fourteenth Claſs of Plants, the Flower ſpread open. C, the Four Stamina, Two
titled Didynamia Gymnoſpermia, from the Flowers having long and Two ſhorter. d; a ſingle Seed.
Two long and Two ſhort Stamina, and being ſucceeded
by naked Seeds.
This Plant is a Native of Egypt, from whence the
The Characters of this Genus are exhibited in the Seeds were fent to Europe, and the Plants have for ſome
Gardener's Dilionary.
Years paſt grown in many curious Gardens. It hath a
perennial

[ 64 ]
perennial Root, but annual Stalks, which grow a Foot This Sort flowers in June, commonly a Fortnight or
and an half high. Theſe are garniſhed with oval Leaves, Three Weeks before the common Field Bafil, and the
having many tranſverſe deep Furrows, and are of a dark Seeds ripen in September ; which if permitted to ſcatter,
green Colour, placed oppoſite, at about Five or Six the Plants will come up in the Autumn; and if the
Inches aſunder. There are commonly Two or Four Winter proves favourable, they will live in the open
Side-Branches from the main Stems, produced toward Air, provided they grow on a dry Soil; but in moiſt
the Bottom; and the Whorles of Flowers are produced Ground they are frequently deltroyed, eſpecially when
at every Joint toward the upper Part of the Stalks. the Plants are young,
Theſe are pretty large and hairy. The Flowers are This Plant approaches near to the Clinopodium Orien-
fomewhat larger than thoſe of the common Field Baſil, tale Origani folig, flere minimo, Tour. Corol. 12. But by
and are of a deeper Colour, ſtretching a little more out comparing this with a Specimen of that Sort from the
of the Empalement. The Leaves of this have at firſt Paris Garden, I find the Leaves of that are ſmoother,
Sight much the fame Appearance ; but when they are and placed much nearer together on the Stalks than
obſerved with Attention, the Difference is foon ob- thoſe of this Sort, and the Flowers are ſmaller; ſo that
ſerved between the Two Sorts : But the greateſt Differ- it may be deemed a diſtinct Species, as chefe Differences
ence is in the Leaves and Whorles of Flowers being are permanent, and do not alter in any of the Plants
placed at a greater Diſtance, and the Stalks growing which ariſe from the Seeds.
ſparſely in this Species ; nor do the Plants continue fo
long as thoſe of the common Sort.
P PLATE
XCVI.
T
CLYMENUM, Tourn. Inf. R. H. 396. Tab. 218. Lathy- The Species here repreſented is,
rus viciæformis, ſeu Clymenum, Raii Meth. 103. La-
thyrus, Lin. Gen. Plant. 781. Chichling Vetch. C.Ymenum Hiſpanicum flore vario, filiquâ articulata,
Touru. Inft. 396. i. l. Spaniſh Chichling Vetch, with
Ournefort ranges this Genus in the Second Section a variegated Flower and a jointed Pod.
of his Tenth Claſs of Plants, intituled, Herbs
with a papilionaceous Flower, whoſe Point al turns into a, repreſents the Flower in Front, ſhewing the Stan-
a long unicapſular Pod. Mr. Ray places it in his Twenty- dard, the Keel, and the Two Wings. b, the hinder
firſt Clafs of Plants, which contain the Herbs with papi- Part of the Flower. (, the Nine Stamina joined to
lionaceous or leguminous Flowers ; and this Genus in his gether, and One feparated from them. d, the Pointal,
Firſt Order, which includes thoſe Plants which are not which afterwards turns to the Pod e; and f, a fingle
trifoliate: And as the Leaves of this Plant do reſemble Seed taken out of the Pod.
the Lathyrus and Vicia, ſo he titles the Genus Lathyrus
Viciæformis. But Doctor Linnæus joins this, the Apbaca This is by Doctor Morifon titled Lathyrus Vicia i des
and Nilſolia of Tournefort, to the Lathyrus, and places floris vexillo Pbenicio, foliis labialibus, ſubalbefcentibus,
it in his Seventeenth Claſs of Plants, intituled, Diadel- filiquis Orobi, Hift. Par. 2. 55. and by Doctor Linnæus,
phia Decandria ; the Flowers of this Clafs having Nine Lathyrus pedunculis ſubunifloris, cirrbis polyphyllis, foliolis
Stamina joined together, and a ſingle One ſtanding ſe- alternis, Hort. Cliff 368.
parate. In this Claſs of leguminous Plants, Doctor
Tournefort has departed from his own Syſtem, in the Di- This Plant grows naturally in Spain and Portugal,
viſion of the Genera; but there was a Neceſſity for his from whence the Seeds have been ſent to England. I
ſo doing, becauſe, by the Method which he propoſed of have alſo received the Seeds from America ; but it is not
ranging the Plants from the Form of the Flower and certain that it grows naturally there, or that the Seeds
Seed-vefſel only, he muſt have enlarged many of the have been carried from Europe, and may have propagated
Genera to ſo great an Extent, as to have rendered it diffi- there in fo great Plenty, as to render it doubtful whe-
cult to diſtinguiſh the Species, ſo as not to perplex his ther it was not a Native of that Country. For if the
Students : And Nature ſeems to have pointed out this Seeds are permitted to ſcatter in a Garden, the Plants
Method of dividing them by the Form of their Leaves, will come up, and maintain their Situation without any
which are the moſt obvious Characters; and therefore Culture.
are eaſier comprehended than thoſe ſmaller DiſtinctionsIt is an annual Plant, and may be propagated in the
of the Flower-cup,
&c.
fame manner as the Sweet Peaſe. Thoſe Plants which
This Genus Tournefort diſtinguiſhes from Lathyrus, by come up in the Autumn, if they are not deſtroyed by
its Leaves having ſeveral Conjugations placed on a Mid- very fevere Froſt in Winter, will flower in May and June,
rib, which ends in a Tendril ; whereas thofe of Lathyrus and the Seeds will ripen in July; but thoſe which come
have but One Pair of Leaves growing on a leafy Border up in the Spring, will not flower till a Month or Five
of the Stalk, which ends in a Tendril.
Weeks after; fo that, by fowing at both Seafons, there
The other Characters of this Genus are exhibited in may be a Continuation of Flowers for Two or Three
the Gardener's Dialionary.
Months, which will make a Variety in the Borders of
the Flower Garden.
PLATE

Pixevт.
Crymenum, Hispanicum flore vario e Siligua articulată Yown efft,196. .
Powi averting to Act of Parliament by P Miller Sane 28 786.



PLXCTII
CHIRONIA
foutefons espojitijene Lina pe plant. 1900,
Pablishd acwrding to Act of Parliament by S, Miller Iudy


PLXCTIT
CNEORUM-Lin · H · 6131
• 78
4. Miller en
|_ Poblished scording to lot of -Parliament by P Miller July 27.1756

[ 65 ]
P L Α Τ Ε
XCVII.
T
CHIRONIA, Lin. Gen. Plant. 227. Centaurium minus Com. Sorts have Two, he has ſeparated them, and con
Plant. Rar. 8. Tab. 8. Old. Plant. Afr. 26. African ftituted this Genus by the Title of Chironia, from
Leffer Centaury
Chiron the Centaur.
HE Characters of this Genus are,
This Plant is a Native of Africa, from whence the
Seeds were brought to fome curious Gardens in Holland,
The Empalement of the Flower is permanent, and where it has been many Years preſerved : But as it can
is of One Leaf, which is cut into Five acute Segments at be only propagated by Seeds, which are but feldom
the Top, as is repreſented at a. The Flower is of One perfected in the cooler Parts of Europe, fo the Plants
Leaf, baving a large Tube, and is ſpread open at ibe Top, have not been common in the Gardens; and being
where it is divided into Five equal Segments, as is repreſented ſomewhat difficult to preſerve through the Winter, has
at b. In the Center of the Flower is ſituated tbe oval alſo prevented their being made ſo common as might
Germen, ſupporting a ſlender Style c, which is declined, and have been expected, becauſe the Beauty of its Flowers
is ſurrounded by Five Stamina d, each being crowned with renders it worthy of a Place in every curious Garden.
a large contorted Summit. After the Flower is paſt, the It hath a fibrous Root, which ſpreads near the Sur-
Ovary becomes a ſwelling Capſule, filled with ſmall Seeds. face of the Ground. The Stalks are round, and in-
clining to be ligneous; but are of a ſoft Texture:
This Genus of Plants is by Doctor Linnæus ranged Theſe grow from Two to Three Feet high, having fe-
in the Firſt Section of his Fifth Claſs, intituled, Pen- veral Branches on every Side, which grow erect: Thefe
tandria Monogynia. The Flowers have Five Stamina, are garniſhed with fucculent Leaves, which are an Inch
and One Style. There are ſeveral Species of this Genus, or more in Length, and an Eighth Part of an Inch
which have been titled Leſſer Centaury by the ſeveral broad, ending in an obtufe Point. At the Ends of each
Writers who have mentioned them: Some of theſe Shoot the Flowers are produced, which are tubulous,
have a pulpy Berry fucceeding their Flowers, and others and ſpread open at the Top like thoſe of Periwinkle.
have their Seeds incloſed in a Capſule: So that, if their Theſe are of a bright red Colour; and when there are
Fruit is admitted as a Characteriſtic in diſtinguiſhing a large Number of the Flowers open on the fame Plant,
the Genus, theſe muſt be ſeparated to different Genera. they
make a very fine Appearance. In the Center of
the Flower is placed an oval Germen, upon which there
The Species here repreſented is,
is fixed a recurved Style, having a blunt Stigma at the
Top. This is ſurrounded by Five incurved Stamina,
CHIKONA fruteſcens capſulifera, Lin. Spec. Plant. 190. each ſupporting a large Summit. When the Flowers
Shrubby Chironia, whoſe Seeds are contained in a fall away, the Germen becomes an inflated Capſule,
ſwelling Pod. This is by Doctor Commelin titled which is filled with ſmall Seeds. The Flowers are pro-
Centaurium minus Africanum arboreſcens latifolium, flore duced from June to Autumn, and the Seeds ripen in
ruberrimo Rar. Pl. 8. i. e Shrubby African Leffer Odober. This Plant ſhould be placed in an airy Glaſs
Centaury, with broad Leaves and red Flowers. Dr. Cafe in Winter, where it may enjoy a dry Air, and
Linnæus has joined all the common Species of the much Sun, but will not thrive in a warm Stove; nor
Leſſer Centaury to the Genus of Gentian ; ſo has abo- can it be well preſerved in a common Greenhouſe, be-
liſhed the Title of Centaurium : But as the ſeveral cauſe a damp moift Air will foon caufe it to rot,
exotic Species have but One Style, and the European
P L Τ Ε
A T E XCVIII.
CN EORUM, Lin. Gen. Plant, 47. Chamælea Tourn. Inft. and the Cnecruin of moſt old Writers on Botany: So
R. H. 651. Tab. 421.C.B. P. 462. Raii Meth. Plant. that Doctor Linnæus has only applied the ancient
152. Widow-wail; in French Camelbe.
Title to this Genus, inſtead of the modern Name of
Cbamelea tricoccos. It has alſo been titled Thymelea by
HIS Genus of is by Doctor Linnæus ranged ſome Botanilts; but as that Name is now applied
in his Third Clafs, intituled, Triandria Monogynia, to the Mezeron, and other Plants agreeing in the
from the Flower having Three Stamina and One Style. fame Character, which have Flowers of One Leaf,
Doctor Tournefert has placed it in the Appendix to his ſo this Plant muſt not be ranged with them.
Inſtitutions, but it ſhould be ranged in his Twentieth
Clafs of Plants, tho' by his Method it would be ſepa- a, repreſents the Empalement of the Flower ; b, the
rated on account of the Flower having Three Petals; Three Petals of the Flower; s, the Berries or Seeds,
whereas thoſe of that Claſs are monopetalous. Mr Ray each Flower being ſucceeded by Three Seeds or Berries
places it in his Diviſion of Trees and Shrubs which have joined together.
moift Berries not umbilicated, each having a fingle The Characters of this Genus are exhibited in the
Seed.
Gardeners Dictionary.
This humble Shrub feldom riſes more than Two Feet
The Species here repreſented is,
and a Half high in this Country, but ſpreads out on
every Side with many lateral Branches, ſo as to form a
CNEORUM, Hort. Cliff. 18. Widow-wail
. This is the thick Buſh. The Stems are ligneous, and almoſt as
Chamælea tricoccos of Caſpar Baubin and Dodonaus, hard as thoſe of the Box-tree, and the Wood is of a
Num. XVII.
s
pale

[ 66 ]
pale yellow Colour under the Bark. The Branches are theſe Shrubs will continue in Flower till the End of
garniſhed with Leaves, which are ſtiff, of an oval Shape, Oslober.
about One Inch and an Half long, and a Quarter of an This Plant was formerly nurſed up in Greenhouſes,
Inch broad, of a dark-green Colour, having a ſtrong and ſuppoſed to be too impatient of Cold to endure the
Vein or Rib thro' the Middle. The Flowers are pro- Winters in the open Air; but by Experience it is found
duced ſingle from the Wings of the Leaves, toward hardy enough to reſiſt the greateſt Cold in England,
the Extremity of the Branches, which are of a pale yel- provided it is planted on a dry Soil; for in wet Land
low Colour, compoſed of Three Petals, which ſpread their Roots will periſh with little Cold; whereas many
open, and a round Germen at the Bottom, having a Plants, which have been growing in the open Air in the
fingle Style, which doth not riſe above half the Length Phyſic-Garden at Chelſea upwards of 20 Years, are yet
of the Stamnia, which are Three in Number, ſtanding in great Vigour.
erect, and are ſituated between the Petals. After the As this is a low Evergreen Shrub, fo it may be very
Flowers are fallen, the Germen becomes a Fruit, com- ornamental, if placed in the Front of Plantations of
poſed of Three Seeds joined together after the fame Evergreen Trees and Shrubs ; for as the Branches grow
manner as thofe of Titbymalus or Spurge: Theſe are pretty compact, and are well garniſhed with Leaves, ſo
firſt green, afterwards turn of a brown Colour, and it will hide the Ground between the caller Shrubs better
when ripe are black. The Flowers begin to appear in than moſt other Plants; and being a durable Shrub,
May, and are fucceeded by others during the Summer will not want to be renewed : It rifes better from fcat-
Months; and, when the Autumn proves favourable, tered Seeds, than if ſown with Care.
PL Α Τ Ε
XCIX.
T
COLUTEA, Tourn. Inft. R. H. 649. Tab. 417. Raii Meth. the open Air ſhould be deſtroyed. But thoſe which live
Plant. 163. Lin. Gen. Plant. 776. Bladder-Sena ; in abroad make much ſtronger Plants, and produce a
French, Baguenaudier.
greater Number of Flowers, than thoſe which are houſed
in Winter.
THIS Genus of Plants is by Doctor Tournefort The Plants of this kind are ſeldom of long Duration,
ranged in the Third Section of his Twenty-fe- moft of them decaying the Second Winter; yet in fome
cond Claſs, intituled, Trees and Shrubs with a papiliona- favourable Seafons I have ſeen of theſe plants, in a
ceous Flower, wboſe Leaves are placed on each side the warm Situation, Three Years old, which were upwards
Mid-rib, either alternately or by Pairs. Mr. Ray places of Six Feet high, with very large Heads, and all the
it in his Claſs of Shrubs with papilionaceous Flowers and Branches covered with Flowers, which made a very fine
pinnated Leaves. Doctor Linnæus ranges it in his Se Appearance: But the uſual Height to which thefe Plants
venteenth Claſs of Plants, intituled, Diadelphia Decan- grow, is from Two to Four Feet; and thofe which
dria, the Flowers having Ten Stampia, Nine of which are expoſed to the open Air will have many lateral
are joined together, and the other ſtands off at fome Branches, well garniſhed with Spikes of Flowers, coming
Diſtance.
out at the Wings of the Leaves; which being of a ſcar-
let Colour, and intermixed with the filvery Leaves of
The Species here repreſented is,
the Plants, afford an agreeable Variety. The ufual Time
of its flowering is in June, and the Seeds ripen in Sep-
COLUTEA Æthiopica flore phænicio, folio Barbe jovis, tember; but in favourable Seaſons the Plants often pro-
Breyn. Cent. 1. 70. i.e. Ethiopian Bladder Sena, with duce freſh Flowers in Autumn: And many times thoſe
a ſcarlet Flower, and Leaves like thoſe of Jupiter's- Plants, which are raiſed pretty forward in the Spring,
beard. This is the Fourth Sort mentioned in the will produce Flowers in Auguſt
, and fometimes perfect
Gardeners Diflionary.
their Seeds in Oftober, when the latter Seaſon proves
mild.
a, ſhews the Flower, with its Petals; b, the Ten Sta- Thoſe Plants which are planted in Pots, to be thel-
mina; c, the Pointal, which afterwards becomes an in- tered in Winter, muſt be treated hardily, otherwiſe
fated Pod, as repreſented at d, which contains ſeveral their Branches will be very weak, and produce but few
Kidney-ſhaped Seeds ſhewn at e.
Flowers: Therefore they ſhould remain abroad in a
The Characters of this Genus are exhibited in the ſheltered Place until the Middle of November, unleſs
Gardener's Dillionary,
the Froft ſhould prove ſevere; and when they are re-
Dr. Linneus titles this Plant, Colutea fruticoſa, foliolis moved into the Greenhouſe, they ſhould be placed cloſe
ovato-oblongis. By the Engliſh Gardeners it is called to the Windows, that they may have as much free Air
Scarlet Colutea.
as poſſible. During the Winter they ſhould have but
This Shrub is hardy enough to live abroad in the little Wet; and in March ſhould be taken out of the
open Air in England when the Winters are favourable, Greenhouſe, and placed under ſome Cover, where they
and they are planted on a dry Soil, and in a warm Si- may be protected from any hard Froſt, yet have a great
tuation : But in ſevere Winters the Plants are generally Share of Air to harden their Shoots before their Flower-
deſtroyed ; ſo that it is neceffary to have a few Plants in buds are formed.
Pots, which may be ſheltered in Winter, left thoſe in
PL A TE

PACTE
7
fff
of
SER
COLUTEA Ethiopia flore pharnicio folio Barber jovis Breyn · Centuj.pe .
Publishi mwnding to thot of Parliament, lay Miller Jarly s7.475 6.



Plc
6
d
COLUTEA foliolis ovatis integerrimis caule fruticofo-
A Lancake del
Is Millor sculp
Published according to act of Parliament by_P Miller July 27:1756


P1: CI
10000
Fig.
7
Fig
2
Fig.1 CONVALLARLA folis amploricaulibw caule tereti pedunculis axillaribus multifloris Phil Bot 219
Fig 2 CONVALLARIA foliis cordatis Fl Lap:13
Read
Hallo la
Publishd according to Act of_Parliament by P Miller Suty a7, 1966

[ 67 ]
PL A T E C.
T
COLUTEA
Pod, and through which the Nouriſhment is conveyed
to the Seeds.
WHIS is of the fame Genus with the Plant repre- This Shrub ſeldom grows more than Six or Seven
fented on the former Plate. The ſeveral Refer- Feet high in this Country. The Branches are extended
ences there made to the Authors who have treated of on every Side, and are much more pliant than thofe of
the Characters of the Flower will ſerve this Plate alſo; the common Bladder - Sena, therefore do not grow ſo ere&t.
therefore need not be repeated.
The Leaves are alſo much ſmaller, and of an oval
Shape; whereas thoſe of the common Sort are broad,
The Species here repreſented is,
obtufe, and indented at their Extremity, and are of a
glaucous or whitiſh-green Colour. The Flowers are
COLUTEA foliolis ovatis integerrimis, caule fruticoſo. little different from thoſe of the common Sort; but
Shrubby Bladder-Sena with oval Leaves, which are they appear at leaſt a Month earlier, and there is a
intire.
Succeſſion of Flowers continued till late in the Autumn,
which renders this much more valuable than the com-
This Shrub is a Native of the Eaſt. The Seeds of mon Sort : And as the Branches of this Sort do not
it were brought to England ſome Years fince by the ſhoot ſo luxuriantly, nor ſo upright, ſo they are in leſs
Rev. Doctor Pocock, who gathered them in Turkey, but Danger of being broken by ſtrong Winds in the Sum-
did not note the particular Place of its Growth: But mer; which frequently happens to the common Sort,
Doctor Ruffel, who refided many Years at Aleppo, on his whereby they are rendered unſightly, eſpecially in ſmall
Return to England brought ſome dried Samples of this Gardens, where they are not protected from the Violence
Plant, among many others which he had collected in of Winds by other Trees and Shrubs.
the Neighbourhood of that City; and he affured me this This Sort is propagated by Seeds, in the fame manner
Shrub was very common in that Country, and gene- as the common Bladder-Sena, and is equally hardy ; but
rally paſſed for the common Bladder-Sena : But who the Earwigs are great Deſtroyers of the Seeds : So that,
ever will compare the Two Plants together will ſoon fee in order to have Plenty of the Seeds, there ſhould be
they are two very different Species : And the Difference the fame Caution taken as is uſual to preſerve the
conftantly continues in all the Plants which ariſe from Flowers of Carnations; which is, to hang a Number
Seeds of both Sorts, as I have ſeveral Years obſerved : of Lobſter-claws, or the Bowls of Tobacco-pipes, in-
Therefore I have choſen to give a Figure of it, as it is verted, in ſeveral Parts of the Shrubs, into which theſe
at preſent undeſcribed; and have added a Leaf of the Inſects will retire for Shelter, and may be daily de-
common Bladder-Sena on the side of this, to fhew how ſtroyed : But where this Precaution is not obſerved,
they differ in the Shape of their Leaves.
they will eat into the Pods of the Sena, and devour all
a, repreſents a fingle Flower fully blown; b, ſhews the Seeds. This Sort of Bladder-Sena ſends forth many
the Keel of the Flower opened, whereby the Ten Sta- Suckers from the Roots, by which it may alſo be pro-
mina, furrounding the Style at 5, are repreſented; pagated; but the Plants raiſed from Suckers are not
d, ſhews a Pod opened, that the Seeds at e may be ſeen fo valuable as thoſe which are propagated by Seeds, as
how they are ranged in a ſingle Row, adhering to a they never grow ſo ſtrong, and are ſubject to produce
ſtrong Membrane, which faſtens both the Valves of the many Suckers from their Roots.
P L A T E
CI.
T
CONVALLARTA, Lin. Gen. Plant. 383. Polygonatum, Tourn. Spec. Plant. 315. i. e. Solomon's-Seal with a taper
Inji. R. H. 78. Tab. 14. C. B.P. 303. Raii Meth. Plant. Stalk, whoſe Leaves cloſely embrace it, and many
73. Solomon's Seal; in French, Seau de Solomon. Flowers on each Footſtalk, proceeding from the
Wings of the Leaves.
HIS Genus of Plants is by Doctor Linnæus
ranged
in the Firſt Section of his Sixth Claſs
a, repreſents a ſingle Flower intire, taken from the
of Plants, intituled, Hexandria Monogynia, the Flower Stalk; b, another Flower placed upright to fhew the
having Six Sramnia and One Style. To this Genus he Stamina and Pointal how far theſe advances is a
adds the Lilium convallium of Tournefert, and the Uni- Flower cut open, fhewing the Inſertion of the Six Sta-
folium of Dillenius. Doctor Tournefort places it in the mina, and the Pointal fituated on the Top of the Em-
Second Section of his firſt Claſs of Plants, intituled, bryo, which afterwards turns to a Berry d, which has
Herbs with a Bell-ſhaped Flower of One Leaf, wboſe a foft thin Pulp, in which is incloſed a ſingle Seed.
Pointal becomes a ſoft Fruit or Berry. Mr. Ray ranges it e, ſhews the Berry cut through.
in the Third Diviſion of his Seventeenth Claſs, in which This is the Polygonatum latifolium maximum, C. B. P.
are placed the berry bearing Plants.
303. and of Tournefort, Inft. R. H. 78. 1. e. The largeſt
Solomon's-Seal, with broad Leaves. This Sort ap-
The Species here repreſented is,
proaches near to the Polygonatum latifolium Hellebori albi
folüis, C. B. P. but differs from it in its being ſmaller,
F10. 1. CONVALLARIA foliis amplexicaulibus, 'caule tereti, and the Leaves not ſo long, or ſo deeply veined; nor
pedunculis axillaribus multifloris, Phil. Bot. 218. Lin. do the Flowers grow fo large. This is the Fifth Sort
of

[ 68 ]
of Polygonatum mentioned in the Gardeners Di&ionary: Root, upon which there is One or Two heart-Shaped
It grows naturally in the Woods of Germany, Italy, and Leaves, which cloſely embrace it. The Top of the
France; but it is equally as hardy as our common Solo- Stalk is terminated by a looſe Spike of white Flowers,
mon's-Seal, which is found in the Woods in ſome Parts which have ſhort Tubes, and ſpread open at the Top,
of England.
where they are divided into Four obtufe Segments:
After the Flowers are paſt, the Embryo turns to a ſoft
FIG. 2. CONVALLARIA foliis cordatis, Flor. Lap. 133. Fruit or Berry, in which is incloſed a fingle hard Seed.
i. e. Convallaria with heart-ſhaped Leaves. This is As this Plant propagates very faſt by its creeping
the Lilium convallium minus C. B. P. and the Unifolium Roots, fo, unleſs they are confined in Pots, they will
Dod. Pempt. 205. Camerarius titles it Gramen Par- ſoon ſpread over a large Piece of Ground; and where
nafſi. Epit
. 744. and Tournefort, Smilax unifolia bumil- they have room to ſpread they feldom produce Berries :
lima, Inft
. R. H. 654. i. e. Dwarf Smilax with One This is alſo the Cafe with many other creeping-rooted
Leaf.
Plants, which rarely continue fruitful.
This Sort grows naturally in the Woods in Holland
This Plant feldom grows more than Four or Five and Germany. I gathered it in a ſmall Wood near Haer-
Inches high, ariſing with a ſingle Footftalk from the lem in Holland, as alſo near the Hague.
P L A T E
CII.
Convolvulus, Tourn. Inft. R. H. 81. Raii Meth. Plant. which trail on the Ground, and extend to a great
81. Lin. Gen. Plant. 198. Bindweed; in French, Length on every Side, but have no Diſpoſition to
Liferon.
climb but toward their Extremity (as do moſt of the
other Species of Convolvulus), the Stalks being ſtrait,
HIS Genus of Plants is by Doctor Tournefort and branch out into many ſmaller ones. The Leaves
TH
ranged Claſsin-
,
on
tituled, Herbs with a Bell-ſhaped Flower of One Leaf, Pedicles an Inch long: They are for the moſt part
whoſe Pointal turns to a dry Fruit, having ſeveral Cells
. triangular, but vary in their Shape, fome having ſhort,
Mr. Ray places it in his Nineteenth Claſs of Plants, in- others longer Ears at their Bafe. The Flowers are
tituled, Herbs bearing their Seeds in Pods, having a regu- produced at the Wings of the Leaves, on Foot-
lar Flower of One Leaf. And Doctor Linnæus places it ftalks, which are Five or Six Inches in Length, each
in his Fifth Clafs of Plants, intituled, Pentandria Mono- having Two Flowers; but theſe never open together ;
gynia, the Flower having Five Stamina and One Style. for when the firſt is fully blown, the other is but a fmall
Bud; ſo when the firſt decays, the other comes for-
The Species here repreſented is,
ward to flower; whereby there is a Succeffion of Flow-
ers continued on the Plants for a long time. The
CONVOLVULUS Syriacus, Scammoniaca Syriaca, Mor. Hift. Flowers are of a pale fulphur cream Colour, and are
P. 2. 12. S. 1. Tab. 3. i. e. Syrian Bindweed, or Sy- larger than the ſmall wild Contolvulus. Theſe are fre-
rian Scammony.
quently ſucceeded by Seeds in England, which are in-
cloſed in a dry Seed-veffel, which hath for the moſt
a, repreſents the Root from whence the Scammony part Three Cells, in each of which is inclofed a ſingle
is taken; b, ſhews a Flower in Front; c, the back of Seed. The Seeds of this Plant were fent me by Mr.
the Flower, with its Empalement; d, is a Flower cut Richard, Gardener to the King of France at Trianon and
open, to fhew the Five Stamina and the Style; e, is a Verſailles, in the Year 1753,
which were fown in the
Seed-vefſel which is commonly divided into Three full Ground, where they grew very well, and have
Cells, f, is one of the Seeds taken out of the Veffel; continued to this time, producing Plenty of Flowers
g, is a Leaf ſeparated from the Branch.
every Year in June, July, and Auguſt, and the Seeds
This is the Convolvulus foliis ſagittatis poftice truncatis, ripen in September.
pedunculis bifloris, Flor. Leyd. Prod. 427. Lin. Sp. Plant. The Scammony which is uſed in Medicine is taken
153. and the Scammonia Syriaca, C. B. P. 294. John from this Plant; which is done by wounding of the
Baubin titles it Scammonia Syriaca flore majore Convolvuli, Root, and placing a Shell to each of the Incifions to
Hift. 2. 163. ; and Lobel, Scammonium Syriacum Antioche- receive the milky Juice, which flows out plentifully
num, Icon. 620. in Engliſh, Scammony; in French, Sca- where ever the Plant is wounded, and when this is
monée. This is the Thirty-third Convolvulus mentioned hardened, it is exported for Uſe: Bur of late Years
in the Gardeners Diklionary. Altho' the native Country they have added ſome other things to the Juice, to
of this Plant is about Aleppo, yet it is found to be augment the Quantity, whereby the Quality of the Me-
hardy enough to live in the open Air in England. The dicine is greatly altered; fo that it is not ſo good as a
Stalks of this Plant are annual, and periſh in Autumn; Preparation of the Juice of the common Sort of Con-
but the Root abides ſeveral Years, and will grow to a volvulus which grows naturally in moſt Parts of Eng-
large Size. The Branches come out in the Spring, land.
PLATE

PACIT
17
Convolvulus, Syriacow / Scammoniaca Syriaca Iter. Hist. 2. p. se. tab.a.
Published anting to do of Parliament by Miller yuky 27, 1986.



PL.
G
G
CONYZA, mas
Theophraſti, major Diofcoridis C. B.P. 065
Publishid according to Act of Parliament by P. Millor August 24 1756.


PZ.CN
Cornus, Sylveſtris fructu albo Aman. Ruth.
ate de
Pabeshit according to ter of Parliament by P. Millor Ougust 34.1756.

[ 69 ]
PL Α Τ Ε
CIII.
Conyza, Raii Meib. Plant. 33.
Boerb. Ind. Plant. 116. fort has not mentioned this Plant in his Inſtitutions of B-
After. Tourn. Inft. R. H. 481. Tab. 274. Erigeron, Lin. tany, altho' it is a common Plant in the South of France,
Gen. Plant. 855. Fleabane ; in French, Conife. from whence I received the Seeds; and as there is not a
good Figure of the Plant in any of the Books of Bo-
R. Ray ranges this Genus of Plants in his tany, I have had this taken from the growing Plant in
Seventh Claſs, which includes thoſe Plants the Chelſea Garden.
IV that have a radiated diſcous Flower, and The Root of this Plant is perennial; but the Stalk
downy Seeds. Doctor Linnæus places it in his Nine is annual, and decays in Autumn, ſoon after the Seeds
teenth Claſs of Plants, intituled, Syngeneſia Polygamia are perfected, and new Stalks ariſe from the Root every
Superflua. The Flowers of this Clafs are Male, Female, Spring. Theſe grow about Three Feet high, and are
and Hermaphrodite, joined and included in the ſame garniſhed with Leaves placed alternately, which are
common Empalement; and, according to Doctor from Four to Six or Eight Inches long, and Three
Tournefort's Method, this muſt be ranked with the Star- broad, in the wideſt Part. They are a little hairy, and
worts, in his Nineteenth Claſs of Plants; in which he ſoft to the Touch; but in hot Weather both Leaves and
includes the Plants that have a radiated diſcous Flower, Stalks ſweat out a glutinous Liquor, which is very
and pappoſe Seeds.
clammy. The Flowers are fingle, and grow at the
Extremity of each Branch: Theſe are of a yellow Co.
The Species here repreſented is,
lour, having a Border of Semi-florets, incloling a great
Number of Florets which are Hermaphrodite, and are
Conyza mas Tbeophraſti, major Diofcoridis, C. B. P. all inclofed in a common ſcaley Empalement. Theſe
265. The Male Fleabane of Theophraſtus, and the have a ſtrong Scent. After the Flowers are paſt, the
Greater of Dioſcorides.
Pointal of each turns to an oblong Seed, having Down
adhering to it, by which the Seeds, when ripe, are wafted
a, ſhews an intire Head of Flowers, included in one by the Wind to a conſiderable Diſtance,
common ſcaley Empalement ; b, one of the Florets This Plant grows naturally in the South of France, in
which compoſe the Dirk of the Flower, which is cut Spain, and Italy, where it is uſed to drive away Fleas
open, to thew the Five Stamina and Pointal ; , the and Gnats, as ſome ſuppoſe, by its ſtrong Scent being
Embryo fupporting the Style; d, one of the Half- diſagreeable to thoſe Inſects; but I rather think they are
florets which compoſe the Border of the Flower; and e caught by the clammy Juice of the Leaves and Stalks ;
is one of the Seeds, with its Down.
ſo that when any of thoſe ſmall Infects happen to ſkip
This is the Conyza major of Dodoneus and Clufius. John on the Plant, they are faſtened thereto, and cannot dif-
Baubin titles it, Conyza major Monſpelienfis odorata, Hif. engage themſelves from it, as I have often obſerved to
II. 1053. i. c. The greater ſweet-fcented Fleabane of be the Caſe of ſome of the ſmaller Flies and Gnats,
Montpelier. This is the Fourth Species in the Garden- when they have ſettled upon the growing Plants in
ers Dialionary. Doctor Linnæus has joined this Plant to hot Weather, at which time the Leaves are very
the Groundſel, and titles it, Erigeron pedunculis unifloris clammy.
lateralibus, calycibus ſquamoſis, Hort. Upſal. 258. Tourne-
P L Α Τ Ε
CIV.
CORNUs, Tourn. Inft. R. H. 641. Tab. 410. Raii Meth. Flower; d, the Berries when tipe ; and e, the Seed
Plant. 147. Lin. Gen. Plant. 139. Virga Sanguinea, taken out of the Pulp.
Dillen. Gen. Nov. Dogwood ; in French, Cernouiller. This Shrub was firſt diſcovered by Gmelin, who was
Profeffor of Botany at Peterſburgb, at Tobolio, and after-
OCTOR Tournefort ranges this Genus of Plants wards by Meſſerſchmidian, one of the Botaniſts who
in the Ninth Section of his Twenty-firſt Claſs, were ſent by the Empreſs of Ruffia to featch after new
intituled, Trees and Shrubs with a Roſe-flower, whoſe Em- Plants, towards the Confines of her Dominions, near
palement turns to a ſtony Fruit. Mr. Ray places it among Kamſchatki, by whom the Seeds were ſent to Peterſburgli,
the Trees and Shrubs which have an umbilicated Fruit, under the following Title, Cornus femina, feu Virga
including a ſingle hard Seed: And Doctor Linnaus ſanguinca baccis albis racematim barentibus, fucco laEleſcente
ranges it in his Fourth Claſs of Plants, intituled, Te- plenis.
trandria Monogynia ; the Flowers of this Claſs having The Fruit of this Shrub was fent to England by
Four Stamina, and a ſingle Style.
Doctor Amman, the late Profeſſor of Botany at Pe-
terſburgh, from which feveral Plants were raiſed, and
The Species here repreſented is,
afterwards propagated in ſome of the Nurſeries near
London; and for ſome Years it was ſold as an American
Cornus fylveftris, fru&u albo Gmelin. Amman. Ruth. p. Shrub, and by ſome it is yet thought to be fo; though
198. i, e. Wild Dogwood, with a white Fruit. we can have no doubt of its being a Native of Raffia,
nor have there been either Plants or Seed of this kind
a, fhews a ſingle Flower, which is compoſed of Four brought from America. There is one Sort of Female
Leaves; b, the Four Stamina, fituated between the Pe. Dogwood in the Gardens, which has been fent from Amen
tals of the Flower ; , the Embryo in the Center of the rica, in fome Particulars reſembling this, but the
Num. XVIII.
T
Leaves

[ 70
Leaves are narrower, and deeper veined, than thoſe Winter they change to a fine red, ſo as to be very con-
of our Sort here figured. The Flowers grow in ſmaller ſpicuous at a good Diſtance, and have a pretty Effect,
Umbels, the Fruit is ſmaller, and of a deep blue Co- when intermixed with other Shrubs, during that Seaſon.
lour, when ripe ; whereas thoſe of this are white, and The Flowers are produced in large Umbels at the Ex-
the Pulp is fo tranſparent, that the Seeds are viſible tremity of every Shoot, towards the End of May. Theſe
within it: So that the American Sort approaches nearer are white, and conſiſt of Four Leaves, with Four white
to our common Wild Dogwood than to this.
Stamina crowned with yellow Summits, and a ſingle
It hath a woody Stem, which puts out many lateral Style in the Center. The Empalement afterwards
Branches near the Ground ; ſo that unleſs the plants are turns to a white pulpy Berry, incloſing one hard Seed :
trained up while they are young to have Stems, they But unleſs theſe Shrubs are planted in a ftiff Ground,
generally extend their Branches on every Side, to a they rarely produce much Fruit, except in cold wet
great Diſtance, near the Ground. Theſe Branches, Seaſons.
yang
during the Summer, are of a browniſh Colour; but in
batti
paid
to nie
bonio
bonus 20 cm
P L Α Τ Ε
CV.
оло
ORONA IMPERIALIS, Tourn. Inft. R. H. 372. Tab. 197, full Account of their Culture exhibited. So I ſhall
198. Raii Meth. Plant. 118. Fritillaria, Lin. Gen. only add a Remark or two, which is wanting there,
Plant. 372. Crown Imperial; in French, Couronne The Sort here repreſented is one of the moſt beautiful
Imperiale.
of the Genus, the Flowers being large, and of the fineſt
Colour. When theſe Roots are planted in good Ground,
TOURNEFORT ranges this Genus of Plants in the and permitted to ſtand unremoved for Three or Four
Fourth Section of his Ninth Claſs, intituled, Herbs Years, their Stems will riſe upwards of Four Feet high,
with a Lilly Flower of Six Leaves, whoſe Pointal turns to a and produce a great Number of Flowers, but theſe
Fruit. Mr. Ray places it in his Twenty-third Claſs of Stalks require to be ſupported; for, as their Time of
Plants, intituled, Herbs with Graſs Leaves, and Flowers flowering is in the Beginning of April (at which Seaſon
of Six Leaves
. Doctor Linnæus ranges it in his Sixth the Winds are often tempeſtuous), ſo the Stalks being
Claſs of Plants, intituled, Hexandria Monogynia ; the tender, are frequently broken off by the Winds, if they
Flowers of this Clafs having Six Stamina, and One Style. are not ſupported by Sticks. As this is one of the
In the former Editions of his Genera Plantarum, he titled earlieſt tall Flowers of the Spring, it makes a good
this Plant Petilium, and joined the Corona Regalis to this Appearance in the Middle of the Borders in a Garden:
Genus, making them only Two Species; but, in the But there ſhould not be many of theſe Roots planted
laſt Edition, the Doctor has joined theſe to the Genus of near the Habitation, left they ſhould prove offenſive;
Fritillaria.
for they have a ſtrong Scent of a Fox; ſo that thoſe
Perſons who cannot endure the Smell of that Animal,
The Species here repreſented is,
will be greatly diſpleaſed with theſe Flowers, when
Coron A IMPERIALIS, flore pulchre luteo, Inft. R. H. 372. This Plant was originally brought from Perfia to
Crown Imperial, with a fine yellow Flower. This Conftantinople
, and from thence was introduced to theſe
is the Ninth Sort mentioned in the Gardeners Parts of Europe, about the Year 1570, when the Laurel,
Dillionary.
Horſe-cheſnut, and ſeveral other Plants, which now adorn
the Engliſh Gardens, were introduced, and tho' theſe
e, repreſents an intire Flower, with the Pointal ex- are Natives of a Country much warmer than England,
tended below the Petals, and the Stamina furrounding yet they are now ſo well inured to this Climate, as to
it, which are not ſtretched lower than the Border of the thrive as well as in their natural Places of Growth, and
Flower; b, ſhews the Seed-veſſel intire; C, the fame are rarely injured by Froſt.
opened, to fhew the Rangement of the Seeds; and de As the Stalks of this Plant decay in June, the Roots
one of the Seeds taken out of the Pod.
may be taken up foon after, and may be kept out of
This is the Lilium five Corona Imperialis, per omnia ma- the Ground till the End of Auguſt, which is very conve.
jor, flore luteo, H. R. Par. i. e. The greater Crown Im- nient for the fending of them from one Country to an-
perial, with a yellow Flower. There are ſeveral Varie- other; and thereby the Flowers have been ſpread thro'
ties of this plant, which are preſerved in the Gardens every Country in Europe, and lately have been introduced
of thoſe Perfons who are Lovers of Flowers. Theſe are into many Párrs of North America, where they thrive
enumerated in the Gardeners Dialionary, where there is a very well.
near.
PL Α Τ Ε

.
Corona IMPERIALIS, flore pulchre luteo Inst. RH 572
torting to y Parliament by P. Millor Alapont 24.275.6



A. I.
wift
Xllete
Coronilla, herbacca flore vario Inft. R.H.650.
Pillohet arvording to
det of Parliament by Miller augue su" 1756. -


PL.COM
6
CORONILLA, maritima glauco folio Inft
. R:H:650,
.

[ 71 ]
PL Α Τ Ε
CVI.
CORONILLA, Tourn. Inft. R. H.650. Raii Meth. Plant. have always altered in their Colour; ſo that thoſe which
163. Lin. Gen. Plant. 789. Jointed-podded Colutea. were of a filvery Colour when growing on a poor dry
Soil, by being planted in better Ground have altered
OCTOR Tournefort ranges this Genus in his their Appearance to the glaucous Colour; and, on the
D
Twenty-ſecond Claſs of Plants, intituled, Trees contrary, by planting thoſe Plants which have been of
and Sbrubs with papilionaceous Flowers, and conjugated that Colour into a rubbiſhy dry Soil, the Plants have
Leaves, joined to a common Midrib. Mr. Ray places it been ſtinted in their Growth, and become of a ſilvery
with his filiquofe Trees with a papilionaceous Flower, and Colour; and all the Plants which come up from Seeds
winged Leaves. Doctor Linnæus ranges it in his Seven- taken from either Variety, ariſe the fame, when ſown in
teenth Claſs of Plants, intituled, Diadelphia Decandria; the fame Place : So that the extreme Whiteneſs which
the Flowers of this Claſs having Ten Stamina, Nine of theſe Plants have, when growing in the rocky Parts of
which are joined, and one ſtanding at a Diſtance. Crete, may deceive an able Botaniſt, as it did Proſper
The other Characters are exhibited in the Gardeners Alpinus, who ſuppoſed it a different Plant, and gave it
Dillionary.
the Title of Colutea fcorpioides odorata, Plant. Exot. 17.
This is a very humble Shrub, rarely growing more
The Species here repreſented is,
than Two Feet high, when planted in a good Soil; but
in a dry barren Place, not much above One Foor. The
CORONILLA'maritima, glauco folio, Inft. R. H. 650. i. e. Stem is hard and woody, from whence the Branches are
Maritime jointed-podded Colutea.
produced on every Side, near the Ground, ſo as to form
a low buſhy Sbrub. The Leaves are pennated, and are
4, ſhews the Carina or Keel of the Flower; b, the compoſed of Five Pair of ſmall Leaves, with an odd
Standard or Vexillum ; (, the Nine Stamina joined, and one at the Extremity. At the Joints where the Leaves
One feparate, with the Pointal; d, the Pod; e, a Seed are produced, there are Two ear-ſhaped Leaves, which
taken out,
clofely embrace the Stalks. Theſe are not expreffed by
This is the Colutea ſcorpioides maritima glauco folio, Alpinus (ſo that if his Plant is different from this, it is
C. B. Pin. 397. and the Colutea ſcorpioides odorato, Prop. in this particular): The Flowers are produced in Cluſters,
Alp. Exot, xvi
. p. 17. Doctor Linnæus titles it, Coronilla ſtanding on long ſlender Foor-ſtalks, which come out
fruticoſa, foliolis undenis, extimo majore, Spec. Plant. 743. from the Joints where the Leaves have their origin.
The Two Sorts mentioned by Caſpar Baubin and Proſper Theſe are of a yellow Colour, and have a ſtrong ſweet
Alpinus, have been always eſteemed as different Plants: Scent, and the Plants always producing great Plenty of
Bnt I have found that they are the ſame, and only vary them, make a fine Appearance during the Month of
according to the Soil and Situation where they grow; May, which is their Seaſon for flowering, and the Seeds
for in a poor dry Soil, or when by Accident any of the ripen in Auguſt and September ; which, if permitted to
Plants happen to grow from the Joints of on old Wall
, ſcatter, will come up the Spring following, and require
they will be much whiter than thoſe which are in a bet- very little further Care, than to remove the Plants to the
ter Soil, and from this Difference in Appearance, many Places where they are deſigned to remain, and to keep
good Botaniſts have been deceived: But, by changing them clear from Weeds.
their Place of Growth, I have found that the Plants
P L A T E
CVII.
Coronilla, Tourn. Inf. R. H. Jointed-podded Colutea. teretibus toroſis numeroſis foliis glabris, Hert. Cliff. 363.
This is the Third Species in the Gardeners Di&tionary.
HE Characters of this Genus, which are exhi-
!
It hath a perennial creeping Root, by which it multi-
bited in the Gardeners Dictionary, are repreſented plies ſo faſt, as ſoon to ſpread over a large Tract of
in this Plate.
Ground, therefore it is an improper Plant for ſmall
Gardens; nor ſhould it be allowed a Place in any
The Species here repreſented is,
Garden, near other Things; becauſe it will ſoon ſpread
over and deſtroy them: But as there are Succeſſions of
Coronilla berbacea, flore vario, Inft. R. H. 650. Her- Flowers, from the Beginning of June to the End of Au-
baceous jointed-podded Colutea, with a variable guſ, on the fame Plants
, fo a ſmall Space may be al-
Flower.
lowed to this plant, in fome Corner of large Gardens,
where better Things will not thrive ; for this is ſo hardy
a, ſhews the Carina or Keel of the Flower; b, the as to thrive in any Soil or Situation.
Vexillum or Standard ; C, the Stamina and Pointal ; This Plant was formerly propoſed to the curious in
d, the Pod; and e, a fingle Seed taken out of the Agriculture as a proper Food for Cattle ; and a few
Pod.
Perſons did make Trial of it: Some of whom found
This is the Securidaca dametorum major, flore vario, fili- by Experience, that it might be cultivated with great
quis articulatis, C. B. Pin. 349. and the Colutea berbacea Eafe, and become very beneficial to the Farmer ; buc
dumei orum major fliquis articulatis, flere vario, H. L. and it was never extended very far. I ſuppoſe for the fame
by Morriſon it is titled, Coronilla, ſeu polygala dumeterum Reaſon as many other valuable Things are neglected ;
major filiquis articulatis, flere vario, Hij. ii. 119. Doctor only becauſe they were not cultivated by their Prede-
Linnæus has titled it, Coronilla berbacea leguminibus erelis ceffors. I remember to have feen a large Spot of
Ground

( 72 )
Ground planted with this at Deepden, near Darking in for that Purpoſe; an, as this is an abiding Plant, ſo
Surry, at a Seat of the Honourable Mr. Howard; it is much preferable to any which require to be renewed
which although it had been neglected for fome Years every Year. The only Objection, of any force, which I
after his Death, yet was growing fo rank, as to ſpread have yet heard made to the Culture of this Plant, is the
over and get the better of all the rank Weeds, Bram- Difficulty of extirpating it, when it is once planted;
bles, &c. which had been permitted to grow among the for the Roots ſpread more than Couchgrafs in the
Plants: And I meaſured ſome of the Branches which Ground. But as the plant will laſt for ever, fo it
I cut off, and found them upward of Five Feet long, ſhould be always planted where it may remain; and
and very tender their whole Length: So that a ſmall upon ſuch Land as is too dry to produce other Herbage,
Spot of Ground will afford a good Quantity of Fodder this may be a very profitable Plant. I have ſome
for Cattle; eſpecially as it will grow faſt enough to be Roots which have been planted above Thirty Years,
cut Five or Six times a Year: And in dry Seaſons, and are in as great Vigour as they were at firſt planting
when there is a Scarcity of other Herbage, this will be This plant feldom produces much good Seed in Eng-
found an excellent Plant to ſupply the Want. The land; which may be accounted for from the Roots
Cattle I have tried with this Herbgreen, were Horſes creeping ſo far into the Ground; for many of the
and Cows, both of which ſeemed to eat it greedily: creeping rooted Plants become barren as to Seeds. But
And there can be no doubt of its being a better Food they propagate ſo much by the Root, as to ſupply the
for any Cattle than the Common Vetches, which are fown want of Seeds.
bilo
od mom
Tolow
osslarla hanbo
PL Α Τ Ε
CVIII.
CRASSULA, Dillen. Hort. Elib. 114. Tab. 96. Lin. Gen. tus convexis, Hort. Cliff. 116. In the former Edition of
Plant. 352. Leffer Orpine, or Live ever.
his Genera, he has placed this Genus in the Third Di.
viſion of his Fifth Claſs of Plants which is intituled,
HIS Genus of Plants is by Doctor Linnæus ranged Pentandria Trigynia, i. e. Plants whoſe Flowers have Five
in his Fifth Claſs of Plants, and in the Fifth Di- Stamina and Three Pointals; but, upon further Exa-
vilion, intituled, Pentandria Pentagynia ; which includes mination, he has removed this Genus to the Fifth Di-
choſe Plants whoſe Flowers have Five Stamina and Five viſion of that Claſs, as the Flowers have Five Germina.
Pointals.
The Plants of this Genus have been, by ſome Botanic
Writers, placed under the Title of Cotyledon ; but as the
The Characters of this Genus are,
Plants of that Genus have long tubulous Flowers, and
thoſe of this Genus have very ſhort Tubes, ſo Doctor
The Flower hath a five leaved Empalement; the Corolla Dillenius ſeparated them, and conſtituted this Genus of
conſiſts of Five narrow Leaves, which are joined at their Craſſula, under which he has ranged all thofe Plants
Baſe, but are reflexed, and ſpread open, at the Brim : In whoſe Characters agree with this. But Doctor Linnæus
the Bottom of the Tube are ſituated Five Ne&aria, and has placed the Two Genera at a much greater Diſtance.
there are Five Stamina ſituated round theſe, which ariſe As the Flowers of the Craſſula have but Five Stamina,
from the Bottom of the Tube, and extend to the Brim: At they are placed in his Fifth Claſs; but thoſe of Cotyledon,
the Bottom of the Tube are placed Five oblong-pointed Ger- having Ten Stamina, that Genus is ranged in his Tenth
mina ; after the Flower is paſt, theſe become Five Capſules, Claſs of Plants.
opening lengthwiſe, and filled with ſmall Seeds.
This Plant ſeldom flowers in Europe: So having One
of them in flower in the Chelſea Garden, I had it drawn
The Species here repreſented is,
exactly; there having been no good Figure of it before
exhibited in flower : For that in the Elibam Garden is a
Crassula altiſima perfoliata, Dill. Hort. Elib. 114. very indifferent one.
Tab. 96. i. e. Talleſt Craffula, whoſe Leaves do The Plant will grow to the Height of Ten or Twelve
cloſely embrace the Sralks.
Feet, with a ſingle upright Stem, if the Top is not
broken or injured; and the Stem is generally garniſhed
a, ſhews a ſingle Flower taken from the Bunch; b, with Leaves from Bottom to the Top, and are placed
the Five Stamina ; C, the Five Germina which are in the croſs-wife. When the Top of the plant is cut off, there
Centre of the Flower; d, the Seed-veffel.
are generally Two Shoots produced at the injured Place,
This is the Firſt Species enumerated in the Gardeners which always grow erect. The Flowers are always pro-
Dictionary, where the Culture of it is fully exhibited. duced at the Top of the Plant, in large Cluſters; theſe
It was ſeveral Years propagated in the Gardens of Hol- are of an herbaceous Colour, inclining to white, and
land and England, before it produced any Flowers, and the Stalk which ſupports them, bends downward. The
was ſuppoſed to have been an Aloe; and the young Time of its flowering is in June and July; but it doth
Plant without Flowers was figured by Doctor Commeline, not perfect Seeds in England.
Profeſſor of Botany at Amſterdam, with the following It grows naturally at the Cape of Good Flope ; from
Title, Aloe Africana cauleſcens perfoliata glauca, & non whence it was brought to ſome of the curious Gardens
Spinoſa, Prel. Botan. 74. Tab. 23. Doctor Linnæus in Holland, and has ſince been communicated to moſt
has given the following Title to this Plant; CRASSULA Parts of Europe.
foliis lanceolato-ſubulatis feffilibus connatis canaliculatis Sub-
PLATE

PXCVIII
Wed
CRAS SULA, altißima perfoliata Dill. Here. Elch 114
Paidat momenting sets of Parliament by : Mister Aggat 24 386. -



Pl. C IX
d
e
CRATÆGUS,
Verginiana folis Urbuti. Tourn 653.
Miller Jeup
Pustishit necording to set of Parliament by P. Miller Sepe: 95.5786


Pi.cr.
с
d
с
Crinum, foliis Carinatis Flor. Leyl. 127.
Publishid according to Act of Partiament by P. Miller Sept. 28.1766',

( 73 )
P L Α Τ Ε
CIX.
T
CRAT ACUS, Tourn. Inft. R. H. 633. Meſpilus Lin. Gen. The Shrub is a Native of North America, where it
Plant. 549. Sorbus H. L. Bat. 699. Wild Services in grows naturally in moiſt Woods. It feldom rifes more
French, Alifier.
than Five or Six Feet high in its native Country:
but, in England, Three or Four Feet is the greateſt
POURNEFORT ranges this Genus of Plants in Height that I have ſeen any of them. It divides into
his Twenty-firſt Claſs, which is intituled, Trees many fender Branches, which are garniſhed with ob-
and Shrubs with a Roſe ſhaped Flower, wboſe Em- long ſpear-ſhaped Leaves placed alternately. Theſe
palement turns to a Fruit incloſing ſeveral callous Seeds. are of a pale Green above, and of an Ath-colour on
Dolor Linnæus places it in his Twelfth Claſs of their Under-fides, which are woolly. The Flowers
Plants, intituled, Icoſandria; and he ſeparates the Cra- come forth at the Diviſion of the Branches, and alſo
tegus, Sorbus, and Mespilus, from each other, by their from the Wings of the Leaves, in ſmall Bunches ſtand-
Number of Styles; the Cratagus having Two; the ing on long Footſtalks. Theſe confiſt of Five Perals,
Sorbus, Three, and the Meſpilus, Five, in each Flower. which ſpread open in Form of a Rofe ; they are of a
But this Diſtinction is not conſtant in all his Species. dull white Colour, with ſeveral brown Spots on their
And, as Tournefort has ſeparated the Cratagus and Sor. Upper-fide. In the Center of the Flower is placed the
bus from the Meſpilus, on account of their Fruit, the Germen, ſupporting Five Styles which are furrounded
Two former having Five Cells in which their Seeds are by a great Number of Stamina. After the Flower is
lodged, and the latter but One, ſo we chooſe to abide by paſt
, the Germen becomes a round
umbilicated Fruit
,
this Diſtinction.
having a thin Pulp inclofing Five Cells, in which are
lodged ſo many hard Seeds.
The Species here repreſented is,
The Flowers of this Shrub appear in May, and the
Fruit ripens in Odober; which ſhould be then gathered,
CRAT JEGUS Virginiana foliis arbuti Tourn Inft. R. H. and the Seeds ſown ſoon after ; for if they are kept
633. Virginia Wild Service, with an Arbutus out of the Ground till Spring, they will not grow the
Leaf.
Firſt Year.
But, as this low Shrub fends out many Suckers from
a, repreſents the Flower expanded; b, the many its Roots, ſo it is chiefly propagated by thoſe in England,
Stamina; c, the Five Styles in the Center of the Flower; as it is by much the quicker Method. But the Plants
d, the Fruit intire;
and e, the ſame cut tranſverſy, to which are produced from Suckers do feldom rife to have
Thew the Five Cells in which the Seeds arc lodged. Srems; for they are generally ſo apt to put forth young
This is by Doctor Breynius and Herman titled, Sorbus ones by their creeping Roors, as to retard their upright
Virginiana foliis arbuti ; and by Doctor Linnæus, Mejpilus Growth.
inermis foliis lanceolatis crenatis ſubtus tomentofis, Hort. This Plant delights in a moilt light Soil, and ſhould
Cliff. 189. i. c. Medlar without Spines, and ſpear. have a ſhady Situation, where it will thrive and pro-
ſhaped Leaves indented on their Edges, and their Un- duce Plenty of Flowers and Fruit
, which will make a
derfide woolly. But theſe Indentures on the Edges of Variety when intermixed with other humble Shrubs ar
the Leaves are ſo ſmall, as not to be diſcovered but by a the Seaſon when it is in Flower ; and alſo in the Autumn,
when the Fruit begins to ripen.
விலை 2. svi
very near View.
P L A T E CX.
CRINUM Lin. Gen. Plant. 366. Lilium Herm. H. L. 682. drical Tube, and deeply divided at the Top Into fix Paris,
Lilio Aſphodelus. Tourn. Inft
. R. H. 344. Dill. Hert, which are reflexed: In the Bottom of the Tube is fituated
Eltb. Com. Rom. Rar. Plant. 15. Aſphodel Lilly, the Germen, ſupporting a Style which is crowned with a
Small Stigma. There are Six Stamina wbich ariſe frem tbe
HIS Genus of Plants is by Doctor Linnæus ranged Bottom of the Tube, and are joined to the Baſe of the
T:
in the Firft Diviſion of his Sixth Claſs, intituled, Petals: Theſe are longer than ibe Style, and are crotoned
Hexandria Monogynia: The Flowers having Six Stamina with oblong Summits, wbicb are incumbent. After the
and One Style. By Doctor Herman, and other Bota- Flower is paſt, the Germen turns to an irregular Bulb,
nilts, it was placed with the Lilly, but has been ſepa.
rated from that Genus by Tournefort, and other later The Species here repreſented is,
Writers, who gave it the Title of Lilio-aſpbodelus, from
the Root having many fleſhy Knobs like thoſe of Af- Crinum foliis carinatis, Lin. Fler. Zeylan. 127. Spec.
phodel, and the Flower being like that of the Lilly. But Plant. 292. Afphodel Lilly, with hollow keel ſhaped
as Doctor Linnæus has rejected theſe compound Names, Leaves.
ſo he has applied the Title of Crinum to this Genus of
Plants.
a, repreſents the tubulous Flower cut deeply into Six
Parts; bb, the Stamina crowned with its Summit;
The Characters are,
cf, the Style; d, the Spatha or Involucrum, which
incloſes the Flower-Buds; , the Bulb fully grown,
The Umbel of Flowers is incloſed by a Two-leafed Spatha which is formed by the Germen.
er Sheath, which is reflexed when the Flowers appear: The This is titled, by Doctor Herman, Zeylanicum bul-
Corolla of the Flower is of One Leaf, baving a long cylin. biferun umbelliferum, H.L. 682.1.6. Bulb-bearing Lilly
NUM. XIX.
U
of

[ 74 ]
of Ceylon, with Flowers growing in an Umbel. There is Flowers, which are placed in the Form of an Umbel,
another Species of this Genus, which differs from this being cloſely joined at their Bale, but ſpread open
which is here repreſented, in the Stems of the Flowers, above. Theſe are of a beautiful white Colour, and
and the Leaves being of a purple Colour, and the Pe- ſmell very ſweet. The Stamina ate ftretched out to a
tals of the Flower have a purple Stripe on their Out- conſiderable Length beyond the Petals, which do alfa
fide; but in other Reſpects it agrees with this.
ſpread open, each being crowned with a proſtrate Sum-
This is a very ornamental Plant for the Stoves; for, mit, fully charged with yellow Farina. After the Flow
as it grows naturally in the warmeſt Climates, ſo it will ers are paſt, the Germen fwells and becomes an oblong
not thrive in England, but in the warmeſt Stoves. The Bulb; which, when put into the Ground produces a
Plants generally flower Three or Four Times every Plant of the ſame Kind: So that there are never any Seeds
Year, ſo have no regular Seaſons of appearing; fome- on theſe Plants ; but they are eaſily propagated by theſe
times in the Middle of Winter, at other Times in Spring, Bulbs; as alſo by Offsets from their Roors
.
Summer, and Autumn ; but as their Petals are of a It grows naturally in the land of Ceylon, and in
tender Texture, ſo they do not continue in Beauty ſeveral Parts of the Spaniſh Welt-Indies. I received
longer than Four or Five Days.
the Roots of both Sorts from Panama; and have Gince
The Flower-Stem ariſes immediately from the Root, been ſupplied with more from Carthagena, which have
on the Outſide of the Leaves, which is about Two multipled greatly in the Chelſea Garden.
Feet high; and, at the Top, there are Eight or Ten
wol
PL Α Τ Ε
CXI.
CROCUS, Tourn. Inſt. R. H. 350. Tab. 183, 184. Raii near theſe may approach to the true Saffron, the Spring
Meth. Plant. 116. Liy. Gen. Plant. 53. Saffron; flowering Crocus muſt be allowed to be a diſtina Spe-
in French, Saffran.
cies from theſe, not only from their Times of flower-
ing, but alſo as they are ſpecifically different in their
THIS Genus of Plants is by Doctor Tournefort Roots. Leaves, and Flowers. Nor do the Seeds of
ranged in the Second Section of his Ninth claſs, any of the Spring Crocus's ever produce Plants which
intituled, Herbs with a Lilly Flower of Ont Leaf cut into flower at any other Seaſon; ſo that the only Variation
Six Parts, whale Empalemeit turns to a Fruit. Mr. Ray of theſe Plants which ariſe from Seeds, is in the dif-
places it in his Twenty-third Claſs, which he titles, ferent Colours of their Flowers; and, therefore we
Herbs with Graſs Leaves which bear Flowers, and have may fafely pronounce the true Saffron to be a diſtinct
tricapſular Seed-veſſels. Doctor Linnæus has ſeparated this species from the others.
and ſome other Genera from the reſt of the Claſs, where Where this plant is a Native we cannot learn; for it
they
properly belong, and, by all the former Writers is cultivated in moſt Parts of Europe. Nor is there any
on Botany, have been placed ; becauſe their Flowers Mention of its growing naturally any where, by any
have but Three Stamina: Whereas the other Genera of Writers on Botany; or of its producing Seeds in either
the fame Clafs have Six in each Flower. But this is of the Countries where it is cultivated, though it may
not a natural Diviſion of the Plants, fince in all the other be ſuppoſed that in its native Country it may. But
effential Characters they agree. The Characters of this it is always propagated by the Root in Europe.
Genus are exibited in the Gardeners Dictionary.
When the Roots of this Plant are put into a deep
rich Earth, they are very ſubject to run downward, and
The Species here repreſented is,
produce taper Roots, which are by the Cultivators
of Saffron called Spickets, which, if planted again, be-
Crocus ſativus, C. B. P. Manured Saffron.
come barren of Flowers. Therefore the Land, which
is the moſt proper for this Plant, is ſuch as hath a light
a a, ſhews the Three Filaments in the Flower, which Surface, not very deep, lying upon a Bed of Chalk;
are the Parts gathered, prepared, and are ſold under which is the Nature of the Soil about Saffron Walden,
the Denomination of Saffron; b, is the Style which reftsandin Cambridgeſhire, where there is more of it cultivated,
on the Germen. This is by Doctor Moriſon titled, Crocus than in any other Part of England. The Method of
autumnalis ſativus, Hif. 2. P. 335. i. e. Autumnal ma- cultivating, gathering, and manufacturing of this Com-
nured Saffron. Doctor Linnæus has ſuppoſed, that the modity is fully inſerted in the Gardeners Dillionary, with
other Sorts of autumnal Crocus, and alſo thoſe of Spring, an Account of the Profit ariſing from it.
are only Varieties of this. But whoever will be at the The Time of its flowering is about Michaelmas, and
Trouble of comparing them, will find they are eſſen- ſometimes a little later, according to the Seaſon for,
tially different. The other Species of autumnal Crocus until there has fallen fome autumnal Rains, the Flow-
have all of them the male Parts very perfect ; whereas ers do not appear in Plenty. And the plenty of Safa
they are wanting in this; for the Three Filaments oc- fron depends on the Autumn proving mild and favour-
cupy their Place. Indeed there are not any of theſe able; for when there happen ſharp Froſts at the Time
autumnal Crocus's which perfect their Seeds in Eng- of its flowering, the Crop will be but ſmall and
land; ſo we have not had an opportunity to obſerve if poor.
they alter when propagated that Way. But, however
PLATE

PLEXT
CROCUS ſativus 0.08
Pattukal wording to Ary Bartament by 2 Willer Spr. 1756



PL. CXTI
с
d
Cucubalus, Plinii Lugd
Miller Jou
Pettichid according to Act of Parliament by P. Miller Sept 28.1756.


PL. CX
/
Cunonta, floribus fefsilibus Spathis maximis Buttn.
Pred van wing is to Portiam
mont by P. Milton

[ 75 ]
PL Α Τ Ε
CXII.
T
CUCUBALUS, Tourn. Inf. R. H. 339. Tab. 176. Raii titles it, Cucubalus calycibus campanulatis petalis diftantibus
Metb. Plant. 74. Lin. Gen. Plant. 502. Berry-bearing fru&u colorato, ramis divaricatis, Sp. Plant. 414.1. e. Cu-
Chickweed.
cubalus with a Bell-ſhaped Empalement, the Petals
ſtanding at Diſtances, a coloured Fruit, and divaricated
HIS is by Tournefort ranged in his Eighth Claſs Branches.
of Plants, intituled, Herbs and Under forubs, with This Plant will grow to the Height of Eight or Ten
a Flower of many Leaves ſhaped like the Gilliflower, whoſe Feet, where it hath a Hedge or Buſhes to climb on,
Pointal becomes the Fruit. Mr. Ray places it in his Se- otherwiſe the Branches trail upon the Ground if they
venteenth Claſs of Plants, which contain the Berry. are not ſupported. Theſe are herbaceous, and die to
bearing Herbs. Doctor Linnaus puts it in his Tenth the Root every Year. The Leaves grow oppoſite at
Claſs of Plants, intituled, Decandria trigynia, from the every Joint, which reſemble thoſe of Cbickweed, both
Flowers having Ten Stamina and Three Styles. And in Shape and Colour, but are larger, and ſoft to the
he has added ſeveral of thoſe Species of Lychnis to this Touch. The Flowers are produced at the Wings of
Genus, which have inflated Empalements. But as this the Leaves, ftanding ſingle upon flender Footſtalks :
Plant hath its Seeds incloſed in a pulpy Berry, and the Theſe have a ſwoln Empalement, ſomewhat like the
Lychnis has a dry Seed-Veffel, ſo they ſhould not be Winter Cherry. They are compoſed of Five Petals of
joined together, if we do allow the Fructification to be a pale whitiſh Colour, and are ſplit at their Extremi-
conſidered a diſtinguiſhing Character of the Genus. ties. Between theſe ſtand the Stamina with their Sum-
mits ſurrounding the Germen, which, when the Flower
The Plant here repreſented is,
is paft, turns to an oval Berry almoft as large as a ſmall
Black Cherry. As the Fruit enlarges, ſo the Empale-
CUCUBALUS Plinii Ludg. 1429. The Cucubalus of ment becomes more reflexed; and, when it is at the full
Pliny, according to the Hiſtoria Lugdunenſis.
Size, appears open, the Empalement being turned back
to the Pedicle. The Fruit is very black when ripe,
a, repreſents the Flower with its ſwelling Empale- and is as foft as the Berries of Nightſhade, and are as
ment; 'b, the Stamina; (, an intire Fruit; d, the full of Pulp, which ſurrounds the Seeds. The Root
fame opened longitudinally, to fhew the Arrangement is perennial, and will ſpread far in the Ground, where
of the Seeds ; e, a ſingle Seed taken out of the Berry. it is allowed Room. Mr. Ray obſerved this Plant grow-
The Characters of this Plant are exhibited in the ing naturally in the Hedges about Frankfort ; as alſo
Gardeners Diionary.
in Italy and the South of France. And Clufius found it
This Plant is by Caſpar Baubin titled, Alfine fcandens in great Plenty about Salamanca. It is preſerved in ſome
baccifera, Pin. 250. i. e. Climbing Berry-bearing Chick- Engliſh Gardens : But the Berries are by fome Perſons
weed. By John Baubin it is called Cucubalum quibuſdam, affirmed to have no leſs deadly Quality than the Sleepy
vel Alfine baccifera, Hift. 2. 175. Dodonæus calls it, Al- Nightſhade : So the Plants ſhould not be permitted to
fine repens, p. 403. Creeping Chickweed. And Linnæus grow in Places where Children frequent.
P L A T E
CXIII.
ΤΗ
CUNONIA, Buttn. Cun. Tab. 1. Antholyza, Lin. Gen. The Characters are,
Plant. 56. Gladiolus Cornut. Canad. 78. The Scarlet
Cunonia.
The Flowers grow alternate, each being included in a
large Spatba or Sheath wbich is permanent; they confijt of
HIS Genus of Plants is by Doctor Linnæus ranged One Leaf, which is divided into Four Parts; the upper
in his Third Claſs, which is intituled, Triandria Segment being ſtretched out to a much greater Lengib iban
monogynia, the Flowers having Three Stamina and One the otbers, and as ered, having the Appearance of tbe Creſt
Style. But according to Tournefort's Method of range in the labiated Flowers. The Two Side Segments are
ing the Plants, it muſt be pur under his Ninth Claſs; ſhort, and adhere cloſely to the Inferior or Lip, which
for as he diſtinguiſhes them by their Form and Num- is flightly divided at the Extremity. In the Center of
ber of Petals, ſo all thoſe Plants which have been ufu- the Flower is ſituated the Germen, ſupporting a flen-
ally termed Liliaceous, are brought together ; whereas der Style, crowned with a blunt Stigma; this is at-
Doctor Linnæus, who diſtinguiſhes the Claſſes of Plants tended by Three Stamina which ſtand erect, and are
by the Number of their Stamina, has ſeparated ſeveral ftretched out beyond the Style. The Germen after-
Genera from their uſual Claſs, to a conſiderable Dil- ward turns to an oblong Seed veſſel, having Three Par-
tance, becauſe they have but Three Stamina; whereas titions or Cells, in which are lodged many broad flat ber-
the other Genera of this old Claſs of Plants have ge- dered Seeds lying over each other as Tiles on an Houſe,
nerally Six Stamina.
a, repreſents the Two Wings of the Flower; l, the
The Species here delineated is,
Standard ; c, the Three Stamina; d, the Style ; , the
Seed veffel; f, a ſingle Seed; g, the Bulb or Root of
Cunonia floribus feffilibus, ſpatbis maximus, Buttn. Cun. the Plant; b, the Spatha or Sheath which incloſes the
Tab. 1. i. e. Cunonia with Flowers growing cloſe to Flower-Bud.
the Stalk, and large Spathæ or Sheaths.
Doctor

[76]
Doctor Linnæus has joined this Plant to his Genus Stamina and Style like an Hood. The Two Side Sega
of Antholyza ; but, as the Shape of this Flower is very ments are ſhort and obruſe; theſe have fome Refem.
different from thoſe of that Genus, the under Segment blance to the Wings of the papilionaceous Flowers, and
being very ſhort, and the Three Stamina being erect, One cloſely embrace the lower Part of the Stamina. The
of which in the Antholyza being decumbent, and the Seeds under Segment is very ſhort, cloſely adhering to the
of that being triangular, whereas thoſe of the Cunonia Spatha. The Three Stamina and Style reft upon the
are flat and winged, ſo we chooſe to abide by the Dif- Germen, and are ſtretched out near the Length of the up-
tinction of Doctor Buttner, who eſtabliſhed this Ge- per Segment or Standard. When the Flower falls away
nus by the Title of Cunonia, in Honour to Mr. Cunon, the Germen ſwells to an oblong Seed veffel, which is
a great Collector of rare Plants, who lives at Amſter- divided into Three Cells, which are filled with compreſſed
dam.
Seeds having Borders or Wings. It flowers in May,
The Root is bulbous, ſhaped very like that of Crocus. and the Seeds ripen in July. This Plant muſt be ranged
The Leaves are long and narrow, of a pale Green, with between the Gladiolus and Antbolyza. It is a Native of
a Furrow through the Middle. The Stalk is round, the Cape of Good Hope, from whence I have received the
ariſing immediately from the Root, and grows near Two Seeds. There is a Plant of this Genus figured by Cor.
Feet high, which is garniſhed toward the Top with fe- nutus in his Hiſtory of Canada Plants; but the Leaves
of
veral Flowers of a bright ſcarlet Colour placed alter- his are much ſhorter, the Two Wings of the Flower
nately, and ranged on one side of the Stalks, ſtanding longer, and the Spatha much ſmaller, than in the Plant
erect'; each of theſe is included in a thin Sheath, which here repreſented; fo it muſt certainly be diſtinct from
divides when the Flowers are blowing. Theſe Flowers ours. He titles his, Gladiolus Æthiopicus fiore coccines,
are monopetaolus, but are cut into Four Segments; the P: 78. i. e. Corn-flag of Ethiopia with a ſcarlet Flower.
upper being very long, ſtands erect, and covers the Three
siga k 1k
IMAO
hiv
an
P L Α Τ Ε
CXIV.
10
TI
CYANUS, Tourn. Inft. R. H. 445. Tab. 254. Raii Hort. R. Par. Narrow long leafed Belgick Blue-
Meth. Plant. 47. Centaurea Lin. Gen. Plant. 880. bottle.
Blue Bottle ; in French, Bluet.
Theſe Two Species are by Doctor Linnæus fuppoſed
HIS Genus of Plants is by Tournefort ranged in to be the ſame; therefore he does not mention the latter
his Nineteenth Claſs, which is intituled, Herbs and in his Species of Plants. To the Firſt, he gives the
Under-Shrubs will floſculous Flowers. Mr. Ray places it in following Title, Centaurea calycibus ferratis
, foliis lanceous
his Ninth Claſs of Plants, which he titles, Herbs with lasts Novurmousibus caule fimpliciffimo, Hort. Cliff
. 422. i. e.
compound Flowers collected into Heads. Doctor Linseus Greater Centaury with ſawed Empalements, (pear-ſhaped
ranges it in his Nineteenth Claſs, intituled, Syngeneſia running Leaves, and a ſimple Stalk. The Characters
polygamia, from their being Female and Hermaphrodite of this Genus are exhibited in the Gardeners Dictionary.
Flowers in the ſame Head. To this Genus he joins The Firſt of theſe Plants is an old Inhabitant of the
the facea Centaurium majus and Calcitrapa: But by ſo do- Engliſh Gardens, and was formerly uſed in Medicine,
ing, he multiplies the Species, ſo as to render it difficult but of late Years has been feldom preſcribed. The
to diſtinguiſh them.
Roots of this Plant do creep much in the Ground, and
put forth many Offsets, ſo that, if they are not re-
The Species here repreſented are,
trenched, they will ſoon ſpread over a large Tract of
Ground. But, as it propagates fo faft by its Roots,
Fig. 1. CYANUS montanus latifolius vel Verbaſculum Cyano- it feldom produces Seeds in England.
ides, C. B. P. 273. i. e. Broad-leafed mountain Blue- The Second Sort I brought from
the Leyden Garden,
bottle. This is by fome called Batchelor's Button. in the Year 1727. Before which Time it was not in
any of our Gardens; but, by its being ſo eaſily propa-
a, repreſents One of the Female Flowers; theſe com- gated, it is now become very common here. Both theſe
poſe the Border ; b, the Hermaphrodite Flowers, which Sorts begin to flower in May; and frequently continue
are tubulous, and form the Diſk; C, the ſcaley Empale- to produce new Flowers for Three Months, eſpecially
ment: d, One of the Female Flowers taken from the in moiſt cool Seaſons. Whether the Second Sort was
Head; e, is one of the Hermaprodite Flowers from originally obtained from the Seeds of the Firſt is not
the Diſk; and f, is the Head or Diſk diveſted of the eaſy to determine, but they conſtantly preſerve their
Female Flowers which form the Border.
Difference in the Gardens, never varying from each other.
The Leaves of the Firſt are whiter than thoſe of the Se-
Fig. 2. CYANUS anguftorie folio & longiore Belgicus, cond, and are covered with a ſoft Down.
PLATE

Pl. CITIT
Fig.a.
d
Figis
Fig.s. Cyanus, montanus latifolius vel Verbasculum Cyanoides C. B.P.278.
Frige. Craxus, angustiore folo y longiore Belgicus H. R.Par
.
Published awding to the Aet by 2 Miller Sepeł 23
R Lancake de
Agafongs scape



Pl. CXT
a
Cyclamen, hyeme je vere florens folio angulofo amplo,
flore albo bafi purpurea Persicum dictum. H.R. Par.
o da
c
Pastas hit according to Act of Partament by P, Miller Sept: 28.1756.


PL. CIVI
с
d
R Lenke delen
Cydonia, fructu oblongo lavioni Tourn. Inst. 632.
Peltiski acording to Art of Parliament by P. Miller October 24 1756 .
Miller Soul

[ 27 ]
PL Α Τ Ε
CXV.
T
CYCLAMEN, Tourn. Inft. R. H. 154. Tab. 68. Raii Meth. are the purple and white Flowers: But there is not the
Plant. 121. Lin. Gen. Plant. 184. Sow-breads in leaſt Variation in the Leaves, Roots, or Make of their
French, Pain de Pourceau.
Flowers; ſo that theſe are only accidental Varieties,
and not diſtinct Species.
POURNEFORT ranges this Genus in the Sen The Seeds of the Cyclamen byemale orbiculatis foliis in-
venth Section of his Second Claſs of Plants, in- ferne rubentibus, purpurafcente flore, Coum Herbariorum H.
tituled, Herbs with a wheel-ſhaped Flower of One R. Par. or Winter fiswering Sow-bread with purple Flowers,
Leaf, wbaſe Pointal afterward becomes a ſoft Fruit. Mr. never produces any Varieties; but the fame Sort con-
Ray ranges it in the Second Diviſion of his Twenty-ſtantly ariſes from its Seeds; and therefore may with
third Claſs of Plants, intituled, Bulbofis affines, or Plants great Truth be deemed a diſtinct Species from the
nearly allied to thoſe called Bulbous. Doctor Linnæus others.
ranges it in his Fifth Claſs of Plants, intituled, Pen- The Seeds of the Sort here figured will produce Two
tandria. Monogynia, from their Flowers having Five Varieties, one with a white Flower and purple Bottoms,
Stamina and One Germen.
the other with a pale Flower and a deeper coloured Bot-
The Characters of this Genus are exhibited in the tom; and ſometimes there will ariſe fome Plants with
Gardeners Dialionary,
rounder Leaves than others.
There is another Sort, which flowers in the Spring,
The Species here repreſented is,
different from either of theſe, viz. Cydamen verno tem-
pori florens, Cluf. Hift. 265. i. e. The Spring flowering
CYCLAMEN byeme & vere florens, folio anguloſo, amplo flore, Sow-bread. This is leſs common in England than any
albo baſi purpurea, Perſicum di&tum, R. H. Par. Perſian of the other, and is undoubtedly a diſtinct Species, the
Winter and Spring-flowering Sow-bread, with a large Seeds always producing the fame.
angular Leaf, and a white Flower having a purple The Cyclamen radice Anemones, flore purpureo minore
Bottom.
odorato, Boerh. Ind. alt. is ſo very different from all the
others in the Form of the Root, and the Size of the
a, ſhews the Petals of the Flower, which are reflexed: Leaves and Flowers, that no Perſon, who is acquainted
b, the Pointal and Stamina, , the Seed-veffel, with with it, can ſuppoſe it to be the fame Species with any
the 'Footſtalk of the Flower twiſted round it; d, the other: But as this rarely produces Seeds in England, ſo
Seeds taken out of the Capſule.
I cannot from Experience fay how it may vary when
Doctor Linnæus ſuppoſes all the Species of Cyclamen, raiſed by Seeds.
which are mentioned by the Writers on Botany, to be The common Sort, with purple and white Flowers, is
the fame, in which he is as much miſtaken as thoſe fo hardy as to endure the fevereſt Cold in this Country
who have fuppoſed a much greater Number of diſtinct in the open Air. The next hardy Sort to this is the
Species than are at preſent known: So that the Diffi-Winter-flowering Sow-bread with purple Flowers, which,
culty is to ſettle which of them are ſpecifically different; with a little Shelter in froſty Weather, may be pre-
which is only to be known by frequently propagating ſerved in warm Borders: But all the other Sorts are too
them by Seeds, and obſerving what Differences will tender to live thro' the Winter in the full Ground in
ariſe by Culture. This I ſhall attempt to aſcertain from England, unleſs they are well ſecured from Froſts in
Winter.
many Years Experience and Obſervation.
The Seeds of the Cyclamen Hederæ folio C. B. P. which The common Soto- bread grows naturally in Auftria,
is the moſt common in England, and thrives in the Hungary and Iftria: The other Sorts grow naturally in
open Air very well, produces only Two Varieties, which Turky, Perfia, and Armenia.
P L Α Τ Ε
CXVI.
T
CYDONIA, Tourn. Inft. R. H. 632. Tab. 405. Raii Meth. The Species here repreſented is,
143. Pyrus Lin. Gen. 550. The Quince; in French,
Coignier.
Cydonia fru&lu oblongo leviori, Tourn. Inft. R. H. 632.
The Pear-ſhaped Quince. This is the Mala Cotones
POURNEFORT ranges this Genus in the Eighth majora C. B. P. 434. and the Cydonia majora Raii Hift.
Section of his Twenty-firſt Claſs of Plants, in- 1453. in French, Coignier femelle. Dr. Linnæus titles
tituled, Trees and Shrubs with a raſe-baped Flower, it, Pyrus foliis intergerrimis Hert. Cliff. 160. i. c. Pear-
whoſe Empalement becomes a Fruit with bard Seeds. Mr. tree with intire Leaves.
Ray places it among the Apple-bearing Trees with an
umbilicated Fruit. And Dr. Linnæus has joined this a, repreſents the Petals of the Flower when fully ex-
Genus to the Pear, making them only different Species panded; b, the many Stamina which are fituated round
of the fame Genus; and ranges it in the Fifth Divifion the Five Styles ; 6, the Fruit intire: d, the Fruit cu
of his Twelfth Claſs of Plants, intituled Icofandria thro' the Middle, to fhew how the Seeds are lodged in
pentagynia, from the Flower having more than Nine- their Cells in the Center of the Fruit.
teen Stamina, and Five Styles.
As the Quince is covered with a cottony Down, fo
The Characters of this Genus are exhibited in the it may be ſeparated from the Pear, whoſe Fruit is not
Gardeners Dillionary
ſo; but the other Characters are the fame: And as they
Num. XX
X
will

[78]
will take upon each other by being budded or grafted, Plants now growing, of Fifteen Years of Age, which I
that is a Confirmation of their new Alliance.
raiſed from Seeds; but they have not as yet produced
We have Three Sorts of Quinces which are culti- any Fruit; ſo that whether any Variety of the Fruit
vated in the Engliſh Gardens; but the Sort here repre- can be obtained by this Method is uncertain.
ſented is eſteemed the beft for Kitchen Uſe, and may Thefe Trees thrive beſt in moiſt Ground, fo are ge-
alſo be uſed in Medicine; tho' that which is called the nerally planted by the sides of Ponds or Ditches, where
Apple-Quince is the Sort directed in Diſpenſaries, for they hang over the Water, and in ſuch Situations their
all the Purpoſes where Quinces are ordered. The Fruit crooked Stems, and ftraggling Branches, are not fo
and Seeds are the Parts uſed.
much noticed as they would be in an open Spot of
Whether theſe are diſtinct Species, or accidental Va- Ground, where they might be ſeen on every Side.
rieties which have been produced from Seeds, is hard The ſeveral Sorts will take by grafting or budding
to determine; becauſe they are propagated only by on each other; ſo that where the Fruit is not of the
Suckers, Layers, and Cuttings, and are rarely raiſed deſired Kind, the Trees may foon be altered, by putting
from Seeds, though this is the only way to know if ſeveral Grafts or Buds in different Parts of the Trees,
they will prove the ſame as the Parent Tree, but is too and, as theſe grow, cut away all the Branches of the
Mobod
tedious a Method of propagating them; for I have former Kind,
todasbunitsqua
ang aid do enforts
ht
Dis
bos
ssbode
P L A T E
CXVII.
5832
11100
Cytisus, Tourn. Inft. R. H. 647. Tab. 416. Raii Meth. little known in England till of late Years, fince I pro-
Plant. 163. Lin. Gen. Plant. 785. Tree-Trefoil ; in cured Seeds of it, which ſucceeded in the Chelſea Gar-
French, Citiſe.
den; from whence it has been diſtributed to ſeveral
curious Perfons.
HIS Genus of Plants is by Doctor Tournefort This is a low Shrub, which naturally ſends out many
ranged in the Second Section of his Twenty-le- lateral Branches on every Side near the Ground, form-
cond Claſs, intituled, Trees and Shrubs with a legumi- ing a buſhy Shrub, and is with Difficulty trained to a
nous Flower, and Three Leaves upon each Footſtalk. Mr. Stem. The Branches are flender, but grow erect:
Ray places it among the Trees with a Butterfly Flower, Theſe are garniſhed with oblong-oval Leaves growing
bearing Pods, which have Three Leaves. Dr. Linnæus Three on each Footſtalk, like Trefoil
, which are imooth,
ranges it in his Seventeenth Claſs of Plants, intituled, and of a dark-green Colour. The Flowers are pro-
Diadelphia Decandria, from the Flowers having Ten duced in long Spikes, like thoſe of Laburnum, but ſtand
Stamina, Nine of which coaleſce, and One ftands off erect, and are of a yellow Colour. As theſe Spikes are
at a ſmall Diſtance.
produced at the Extremity of every Shoot, ſo, when
The Characters of this Genus are exhibited in the the Shrubs are full in Flower, they make a fine Ap-
Gardeners Dictionary.
pearance. This flowers in July, when moſt other Shrubs
are paſt, which renders it more valuable.
The Species here repreſented are,
The Second Sort grows naturally in Tartary, from
whence the Seeds were ſent to the Imperial Garden at
Fig. 1. Cytisus racemis fimplicibus erectis foliolis ovato- Peterſburgh, and by the late Doctor Amman, who was
oblongis, Hort. Cliff. 354. Tree-Trefoil with ſingle Profeffor of Botany in that Univerſity, the Seeds were
upright Spikes of Flowers, and oblong-oval Leaves. ſent to England, and the Plants have been raiſed in ſe-
veral curious Gardens.
a, repreſents the Standard of the Flower ; b, the Ca- This Shrub riſes to the Height of Four Feet, and
rina, or Keel; C, the Two Wings, or Alä; d, the Sta- divides into many Branches, which are garniſhed with
mina, with the Style ; e, the Style feparated from the oblong.oval Leaves of a whitiſh-green Colour: Theſe
Stamina ; f, the Three Leaves of the Plant; g, the are produced by Threes and Fives on each Footſtalk.
under Part of the Flower ; b, the Empalement. At the Extremity of the Branches the Flowers are pro-
This is the Cytiſus glaber nigricans C. B. P. 330. and duced, in clofe Cluſters or Heads, and are of the Pea-
the Fourth Cytiſus of Clufius.
bloom Kind, of a yellow Colour, inclining toward black
at the Bottom. Each Flower hath a large Empalement,
Fig. 2. Cytisus floribus capitatis, foliolis ovato-oblongis, which is permanent, and incloſes the lower part of the
caule fruticofo. Tree-Trefoil with Flowers growing Pod, which fucceeds the Flower. The Pod is ſhort
in an Head, oblong oval Leaves, and a woody and hairy, incloſing Three or Four Kidney-ſhaped
Stalk
Seeds.
It is very hardy in reſpect to Cold; but thrives beſt
The Firſt Sort grows naturally in Auſtria, Bohemia, in a light Soil, which is not too dry; and loves an
and Hungary, and, for the Beauty of its Flowers, has open Expoſure, ſo will not thrive under the Shade of
been long cultivate in the Gardens abroad; but was Trees.
PLATE

PI cry
Fig.de
ri
Fig.
Fig.s. Cyrisus
, racemis fimplicibus erectis foliolis ovato oblongis Hert: Cliff 354
Fig. 2. Cyrisus, floribus capitatis foliolis ovato oblongis caule frutricofo.
wwwding = der of Parliament
PHilor Ort ***736




PL. CXVII
bo
Daye wa, inermis foliis oblongo-cordatis marginibus dentatis floribus avillaribus.
Pilotohi according to Act of Parliament by P. Miller Oette 1756.

Pl. CXZX
d
R. Lataka Wila
DELPHINIUM , nectaris diphyllis labellis integris floribus spicatis folüs palmatis multifidis Glabris.
Publistit antering to etce of Parliament by P. Miller October 26 1766

( 79 )
P L A T E
CXVIII.
T!
D'AYINA, Monier.
Foot high, having woody Stalks, which divide into
ſeveral Branches : Theſe are garniſhed at Diſtances with
HIS Plant is ſo titled in Honour to Monſeigneur oblong heart-ſhaped Leaves, having pretty long Foot-
le Duc D' Ayen, who is a great Promoter of the ſtalks, and are indented on their Edges. At the Bottom
Science of Botany, and has a noble Garden at St. Ger- of the Footſtalks of the Leaves the Flowers come out,
main in France, which is amply furniſhed with Plants generally Two at each Joint, one of which is Male,
from many parts of the World ; and has appointed and the other Hermaphrodite : The Male is generally
Doctor Monier, of the Royal Academy of Sciences, above the other, and is of ſhort Duration, feldom con-
Superintendant of it.
tinuing much more than One Day before it fades. The
Hermaphrodite Flowers are compoſed of an Empale-
The Characters of this Genus, are,
ment, and a tubulous Flower of One Leaf ariſing our
of it, which is extended the Length of the Tube be-
Il bath Male and Hermapbrodite Flowers on the ſame yond the Empalement, and is then ſpread open at the
Plant, which ariſe from the ſame Wings of the Leaves. The Top, where it is divided into Five Segments, upon each
Male Flower a, baib an Empalement of One Leaf, which is of which is ſituated a ſlender Stamina, crowned with a
cut into Five acute Segments, in the Center of which are blunt Summit, in the Center of which is placed the
fituated Five Stamina, crowned with blunt Stigma. The roundiſh Germen, ſupporting a ſhort Style crowned with
Hermapbrodite Flowers b, bave alſo an Empalement of One a round Stigma. The Flowers are of a purple Colour,
Leaf, which is cut into Five Segments almoſt to the Bottom, After theſe are paſt, the Germen turns to a roundiſh
as is repreſented at e: The Flower is of One Leaf, tubulous prickly Capſule, having Five deep Furrows, and is di-
at the Boottom, riſing to ſome Height above the Empalement, vided into Five Cells, which contain oval Seeds.
as at d, but ſpread open above, and divided into Five Seg- This Plant is propagated by Seeds, which muſt be
ments, in the Center of which is placed a round five cornered fown in an Hot-bed early in the Spring; and, when
Germen ſupporting a ſingle Style: The Germen afterward the Plants are One Inch high, they ſhould be tranſplant-
becomes a round Capſule, as at e, baving Five Furrows; ed to a freſh Hot-bed, obſerving to fhade them till they
and is divided into Five Cells, as at f, which ſeparate into have taken freſh Root; after which they ſhould have
diftin& Parts when ripe, as at g, in each of which is lodged free Air admitted to them every Day in warm Weather,
an oval Seed, as at h.
and gently watered from time to time, as they may re-
quire. When the Plants have acquired Strength, they
We know but One Species of this Genus at preſent, muſt be carefully tranſplanted, each into a ſmall Pot
filled with light Earth, and plunged into another Hot-
bed, where they may remain to flower and feed; for they
D'Avena inermis, foliis oblonga cordatis marginibus denta. are too tender to thrive in the open Air in England, fo
tis, floribus axillaribus. Smooth D'Ayena, with oblong ſhould be conſtantly kept under Glaſſes, in a moderate
heart-ſhaped Leaves, indented on their Edges, and Warmth, giving them a large Share of Air in warm
Flowers produced from the Wings of the Leaves. Weather. With this Management they will flower in
July and Auguft, and the Seeds will ripen in September
The Seeds of this Plant were fent from Peru to Paris, and Ollober.
by the younger Yuffieu, in the Year 1750, where they Theſe Plants may be preſerved thro' the Winter, if
fucceeded; and, when the Plants produced Flowers, the they are placed in a moderate Degree of Heat: But as
Title of D' Ayena was applied to it by Doctor Monier, they produce Plenty of Seeds, it is not worth Trial to
of the Royal Academy of Sciences, who fent me the preſerve the plants, becauſe the young ones are always
Seeds.
more productive of Flowers and Secds.
This is a low ſhrubby Plant, feldom rifing above a
P L Α Τ Ε
T
CXIX.
DELPHINIUM, Tourn. Inft. R. H. 426. Tab. 241. Raii trigynia, from their Flowers having many Stamina, and
Meib. Plant. 79. Lin. Gen. Plant. 602. Larkſpur ; in Three Germina.
French, Pie dº Alouette,
The Characters of this Genus are exhibited in the
Gardeners Di&tionary.
HIS Genus of Plants is by Tournefort ranged in
the Second Section of his Eleventh Claſs, which The Plant here repreſented is,
includes the Herbs with an anomalous Flower, wobeſe Poin-
tal changes to a many-celled Capſule.
DELPHINIUM nellariis dipbyllis, labellis integris floribus,
Mr. Ray places it in his Eighteenth Claſs, under
Spicatis foliis palmatis multifidis glabris. Great Bee
Larkſpur.
which he ranges thoſe Plants that have regular Flowers,
which are fucceeded by many ſmall Pods.
This is the Delphinium elatius fubincanum perenne, fleri-
Doctor Linnæus ranges it in the Third Diviſion of bus amplis azureis
, Amman. Ruib. 175. Tall perennial
his Thirteenth Claſs of Plants, intituled, Polyandria Larkſpur with large azure Flowers.
4, re:

[80]
a, repreſents a Flower taken from the Spike; b, the Leaves are hoary, the Segments cut almoſt to the Boc-
Three Germina; c, the ſeveral Stamina ; d, the three- tom, and are pretty hard: The other feldom rifes Two
cornered Capſule; e, a ſingle Pod ſeparated; f, the Feet high; the Leaves are divided into many narrow
Capſule cut thro' tranſverſely; g, the Seeds taken out Segments at the Bottom; the Flowers are but few on
of the Veffel.
each Spike, and are large, and of a deep blue Colour.
This, I ſuppoſe, is what Doctor Linnæus has citled, Del-
This Plant hath a perennial Root, and an annual phinium netiariis diphyllis labellis integris, floribus ſubſolita-
Stalk, which decays in Winter. The Stalks of this riis, foliis compofitis lineari mullipartitis, Hort. Uſpal. To
Plant grow to the Height of Six or Seven Feet, and which he has added the Synonima of Delphinium elatius
are garniſhed with Leaves, which are broad, and di- ſubincanum perenne floribus amplis azureis Amman. by which
vided into Five or Seven Parts, which are cut into Title I received the Seeds of the Plant here repreſented
many narrow Segments toward the Top. Theſe Leaves from Doctor Amman : So that he muſt be mistaken in the
come out alternately at the Joints of the Stalks, on Plant; for the Seeds of the other Two Sorts I received
long Footftalks, which turn back toward the Ground. from the fame Gentlemen by different Names. It is
The Flowers are produced in long Spikes at the Extre- probable that the Plant here figured may be the Del-
mity of every Stalk, and are of a fine blue Colour. phinium Lufitanicum glabrum, Aconoti folii Rolof. which
After the Flower is paſt, the Germina become three- is another Synonima added by Doctor Linneus to the
horned Pods, or Vefſels, which are filled with wrinkled Title above quoted.
Theſe Three Sorts have been ſeveral Years cultivated
The Seeds of this Plant were ſent from Peterſburgh in the Chelſea Garden, where the Seeds have been fre-
by the late Dr. Amman, who was Profeſſor of Botany quently fown, and the young Plants have always re-
there, with Two other species, which were Natives of tained their ſpecific Difference, without the leaſt Varia-
Tartary; from whence he had received their Seeds. One tion; therefore there can be no Doubt of their being
of theſe Sorts grows to the Height of Four Feet; the diſtinct Species.
Seeds.
P L Α Τ Ε
CXX.
DIGITALIS, Tourn. Inft. R. H. 165. Tab. 73. Raii Meth. Height of Four Feet, having a woody Stem, which di-
Plant. 89. Lin. Gen. Plant. 676. Foxglove; in French, vides into ſeveral Branches : Theſe are garniſhed with
Digitale.
oblong ſpear-ſhaped Leaves, which are rough, and
placed without Order. At the Extremity of each
HIS Genus of Plants is by Tournefort ranged in Branch the Flowers are produced, in looſe Spikes near
T!
the Third Section of his Third Claſs, which in- a Foot in Length: Theſe are of an Orange Colour,
cludes the Herbs with an anomalous Flower of one Leaf, intermixed with yellow, and are ſhaped ſomewhat like
which Spreads open every Way.
the Flowers of Acanthus; from whence Doctor Commeline
Mr. Ray places it in the Second Diviſion of his Nine- gave it the Title of Digitalis Acanthoides.
teenth Claſs of Plants, which contains the Vaſculiferous This Plant grows naturally in the Canary Iands, from
Plants with an irregular difform Flower.
whence the Seeds were brought to England, and many
Doctor Linneus ranges it in the Second Diviſion of of the plants were raiſed in the Gardens of the Biſhop
his Fourteenth Claſs of Plants, intituled, Didynamia An- of London at Fulham, and alſo in the Royal Gardens at
gioſpermia. The Flowers of this claſs have Two long Hampton-Court, where they were ſeveral Years preſerved:
and Two ſhorter Stamina, and are ſucceeded by oval But, after the Biſhop's giving away his tender exotic
Capſules, containing many naked Seeds.
Plants, they were deſtroyed; ſo that ſcarce any of the
Plants were left in England, till within about Twenty
The Species here repreſented is,
Years paſt, fince when many of them have been propa-
gated from Seeds, which, in good Seaſons, the Plants
DIGITALIS calycinis foliolis lanceolatis, corollis bilabiatis produce plentifully in England.
acutis, caule fruticoſo, Lin. Sp. Plant. 622. Foxglove As the Flowers are produced in Spikes, at the Extre-
with a fhrubby Stalk, ſpear ſhaped Leaves to the Em- mity of every Branch, ſo, as new Shoots are put out at
palement, and the Two Lips of the Flower pointed. different Times, theſe come to flower at different Sea-
fons; and hereby the Plants are ſeldom long deſtitute
This is the Digitalis acanthoides Canarienſis fruteſcens of Flowers when properly managed: And where a
flore aureo, Hort. Amfl. 2. p. 205. and Geſnerio foliis lan- Number of the Plants are preſerved, there will be con-
ceolatis ferratis pedunculo terminali laxe ſpicato, Hort. Cliff. ftantly fome in Flower at every Seaſon, which renders
318. commonly called Canary Foxglove.
the Plants more valuable.
a, ſhews the Empalement of the Flower ; b, the up- They are too tender to live in the open Air thro' the
per Lip, which is extended beyond the other Parts of Winter in England, but require no artificial Heat to
the Flower. 4, ſhews it ſingle, when diveſted of the preſerve them; ſo that if the plants are placed in a dry
Tube ; d, the Two long and Two ſhort Stamina ; l, airy Greenhouſe in Winter, they will thrive very well's
the Two Stigma ; f, the Seed-veffel, incloſed by the but in a moiſt damp Air the tender Shoots are very fub-
Empalement; g, the ſame cut thro' longitudinally; b, ject to grow mouldy and rot.
the Veffel cut thro' tranfverfly, to fhew the Cells in This Plant is only propagated by Seeds, which ſhould
which the Seeds are lodged.
be fown ſoon after they are ripe, in Pots filled with light
This Plant has been long an Inhabitant in ſome of the fandy Earth, and placed under a Frame in Winter ;
curious Engliſh Gardens, where, by its long Continu- and in the Spring following the Pots ſhould be plunged
ance in Flower, it makes a fine Appearance when in into a moderate Hot-bed, which will bring up the
termixed with other exotic Plants. It riſes to the Plants.
PLATE

PL CXX
DIGITALIS, calycinis foliolis lanceolatis corollis bilabiatis acutis caule fruticofo Lin. Sp.pl. bea.
Poblished ander ding Act of Parliament by P. Miller October 1736º.



PL: CXXI
a
b
DIANTHUS floribus solitaris squamis calycinis fubovatis brevifsimis crolla multiplicis
Sala Miller seulp
Published axording to det of Parliament by P Miller Nov. 331 1756. -
R Lanake de


Pl. CXXTI
ka
DIANTHUS
tnus. floribus aggregai fascicularis squamis calgenis linearibus tulum aequantibus floribus variegatis
.
Rame
Puuht awarding to set of Parliament by P. Milter November se. 1756

[ 8. ]
P L A T E
CXXI.
T
DIANTHUS, Lin. Gen. Plant. 500. Caryophyllus, Rait Tafte about them. Some Years ago the very large
Meb. Plant. 109. Tourn. Inft. 329. Clove-Gilly- Flowers, whoſe Pods could not contain their numerous
flower; in French, Oeillet. Commonly called Carna- Petals, were principally cultivated, as were alſo thoſe
tion in England.
with ſpotted Flowers, commonly called Piquettees; but
ar preſent thoſe Flowers which do not burit their Em-
HIS Genus of Plants is ranged by Doctor Lin- palement, and are termed Wbole Blowers, are in the
naus in the Second Diviſion of his Tenth greateſt Eſteem ; as alſo ſuch of them as have full
Clafs, intituled, Decandria Digynia, from the Stripes in their Petals, with lively Colours, whoſe Petals
Flower having Ten Stamina, and Two Styles. Mr. are intire, and not jagged at their Edges : Theſe are by
Ray places it in his Twenty-ſecond Claſs of Plants, inti- the Floriſts called Roje-leard Flake- Flowers, to diftin-
tuled, Herbs with a Flower of Five Leaves, whoſe Seeds guiſh them from Piquettees. As every Seaſon produces
are contained in Pods. Tournefort ranges it in his Eighth many new kinds of theſe Flowers, ſo there are Titles
Claſs, which he titles, Herbs with a Flower of many given to them according to the Fancy of the Owner; fo
Leaves, whoſe Pointal turns to a Fruit. This Genus has that in every County their Names are frequently differ-
been, by moſt of the Writers on Botany, titled Caryo- ent; therefore the inſerting of them here would be in-
phyllus, from the Smell of the Flowers reſembling that tirely uſeleſs. The Two Flowers which are here re-
of Cloves; and from thence came the Engliſh Name of preſented were raiſed from Seeds, and have not been
Clove-Gillyflower, to diſtinguiſh it from that of Stock-Gil- honoured with Titles; however, as they are ſuch as the
lyflower. It has alſo by ſome been titled Tunica ; but this Floriſts term complete Flowers, they will convey an
has been oftener applied to ſome particular Species than Idea of this Diſtinction to ſuch as are not thoroughly
to the Genus. Some of the Antients have ſuppoſed it acquainted with it.
was called Vettonica, or Betonica, from the Vettones, a The ſingle Flower repreſented below is to exhibit the
People of Spain.
Characters of the Genus, which are not ſo conſpicuous
In a former Number there were Two Species of this in double Flowers; for although many of thoſe have
Genus exhibited under the former Title of Caryophyllus, the Organs of the different Sexes perfect, and produce
at which Time it was not propoſed to have added any good Seeds, yet are they fo covered with the Petals of
more; but feveral of the Subſcribers being deſirous to the Flower as not to be feen, unleſs they are pulled out ;
have One or Two good Flowers of this kind repre- whereas in the ſingle Flowers the Stamina and Styles ap-
ſented, we have, to comply with their Requeſt, added pear at firſt View.
this and the following Plate.
a, repreſents the Flower fully blown, with the Sra-
mina and Styles in their natural Poſition ; b, ſhews the
This is the
Ten Stamina, with their Summits ariſing from the Em-
palement, ſtanding round the oval Germen; C, repre-
DIANTHUS floribus folitariis fquamis calycinis ſubovatis bre- ſents the Two horned Styles ariſing from the Apex of
viffimis, corolla multiplici. Dianthus with Flowers the Germen; d, ſhews the Germen taken out of the Em-
growing fingly, a ſcaly Empalement, which is ſhort, palement, which hath Three Styles, which is not un-
and a double Flower. This is beſt known by the common in theſe Flowers; ſo we judged it might be of
Appellation of Carnation with a faked Flower. Uſe to exhibit them here ; s, repreſents the Seed veſſel cut
open longitudinally, to fhew how the Seeds are ranged.
There are great Varieties of this Flower in the Gar- The other Characters of this Genus, with a full Account
dens of the curious Floriſts, who have of late Years of the Culture of the Plants, being exhibited in the Gar-
much improved them; but they frequently alter in their dener's Diālionary, we ſhall not repeat them here.
P L Α Τ Ε
CXXII
T
HIS Plant being of the fame Genus with that a, repreſents the Bunch of Flowers terminating the
which is exhibited in the former Plate, there re- Stalk;b, the Petals of the Flower, which are fawed on
quires no farther Account of the Claſs to which it be their Edges; “, the Beards or Scales of the Empale-
longs
ment, which are very narrow; d, the Ten Stamina,
with their Summits ariſing from the Bottom of the
The Species here exhibited is,
Flower ; , the Two Styles Gitting upon the Germen ;f,
the Seed vefiel cut opeo horizontally; 8; the fame
DIANTHUS floribus aggregatis faſciculatis Squamis calycinis opened longitudinally.
linearibus tubum aquantibus, floribus variegatis. Dian- The Plants of this Sort have, by many Botaniſts,
thus with Flowers growing in Cluſters, having very been ſeparated from this Genus, and the Title of Ar-
narrow Scales to their Empalement, the Tubes equal, merius applied to them, and from thence our Engliſh
and the Flowers variegated. This is the Carophyllus Names of Sweet William and Sweet Jobn have been given
barbarus koruenfis angufiifolius flore niveo, umbone rubro, them. The first has generally been applied to thoſe
Park. Par. Narrow leav'd bearded Garden Clove with broad Leaves; and the latter to the narrow leav'd
Gillyflower, with a white Flower, having a red Sorts, by the Gardeners: But moſt of the later Bo.
Middle. It is commonly called Painted Lady Sweet taniſts have placed theſe under the Genus of Caryophyl-
William
lus, and, by way of Diſtinction, have added the
Num. XXI.
Y
Epithet

[ 82 )
Epithet of Barbatus to them, from the narrow ftiff choſe Flowers which are the moſt beautiful ſhould be
Leaves which are ranged below the Empalement. marked; and if all thoſe of bad Colours are ſeparated
Doctor Linnæus has alſo joined theſe under his Genus from them, as ſoon as they can be diftinguiſhed, the
of Dianthus, diſtinguiſhing them from the Carnations by Plants produced from the Seeds will be leſs liable to
the additional Epithets of floribus aggregatis; but he ſup- vary. And if the Seeds are frequently changed with
poſes but One Species of the Garden Sweet William, and Perſons who live at a conſiderable Diſtance, and the Soils
all the others to be only Varieties which have ariſen in which the Plants grow are very different, the Colours
from Seeds : In which I ſo far agree with him, as to al- of the Flowers may, by this Method, be better preſerved
low the Difference in the Colours of the Flowers to than can, with the greateſt Care, be done, where the
make no Diſtinction, becauſe thefe annually change; Seeds are for many Years ſaved in the fame Garden.
but the broad-leav'd and narrow-leav'd Sorts keep The Painted Lady Sweet William here repreſented, is
their Difference, ſo they may be allowed as diſtinct one of the moſt elegant Flowers of this Tribe, and there-
Species: Of each Sort there are many Varieties, differ- fore better worth propagating for the Flower-Garden;
ing in Colour and Form; and ſome have double for the Plants of this grow more compact, and the
Flowers which never produce Seeds, ſo are propagated Flower-Stems are ſhorter, and therefore not fo liable to
by Slips or Layers.
be blown down or broken as thoſe of the other, and
The fingle Sorts ſeldom live longer than Two or there will always be a great Variety in the different
Three Years; therefore young Plants ſhould be annually Shades of the Flowers, ſo do not require any Addition
raiſed from Seeds, to ſupply their Place; and although of the other Colours to be intermixed with them. Thoſe
many of the Roots will continue longer than Two of the tall-growing Sorts, with very deep coloured
Years, yet their Flowers will not be ſo Itrong as thoſe Flowers, are very proper Ornaments for large rural
of the Second Year; therefore young Plants ſhould al- Walks, or to intermix with Shrubs ; where they will
ways be preferred to old. In the Choice of the Seeds, chrive with little Care, and afford a pleaſing Variety,
0
P L Α Τ Ε
CXXIII.
T
DICTAMNUS, Lin. Gen. Plant. 468. Fraxinella, Raii whereby it is much more rare in the Engliſh Gardens;
Meth. Plant. 79. Tourn. Inft. R. H. 430. Tab. 243. which often happens to many other Plants, for the ſame
Fraxinella, or White Dittany; in French, Fraxinelle. Reaſon.
The Roots of this Plant continue many Years; but
HIS Genus of Plants is ranged in the Tenth the Stalks decay in the Autumn, and new ones are pro-
Claſs of Linnæus, intituled, Decandria Monogynia, duced every Spring. The older the Roots are, the
from the Flower's having Ten Stamina, and one Style. greater Number of Stalks will be ſent forth from each,
Mr. Ray places it in his Eighteenth Claſs of Plants. provided they are not diſturbed; for how long theſe
The Flowers of this Clafs are irregular, and are fuc- Roots will continue in Vigour, is hard to determine: I
ceeded by ſeveral Pods. Tournefort ranges it in the have many which are more than Thirty Years old, and
Second Section of his Eighth Claſs, intituled, Herbs annually increaſe in their Strength : Theſe ſend out near
with a Flower of many Leaves, of an anomalous Figure, Twenty Stalks from each Root, which grow tall, and
whoſe Pointal becomes a Fruit confiſting of many Cells. have long Spikes of Flowers; whereas young Plants
feldom have more than Three or Four Stems, and the
The Plant here repreſented is,
Number of Flowers upon each are much fewer ; there-
fore thoſe who propoſe to have this plant in Perfection,
DICTAMNUS, Hort. Cliff. 161. White Dittany, or Frax- fhould plant the Roots, when young, in the Places
inella. This is the Fraxinella purpurea major multi- where they deſigned to remain; for they do not bear
flora, H. R. Par. Great Purple Fraxinella, with many tranſplanting well, when they are old.
Flowers.
The Stalks of this Plant riſe near Three Feet high.
Theſe are garniſhed with winged Leaves, placed alter-
a, repreſents the upper Petals of the Flower, which nately; each being compoſed of Four or Five Pair of
ſtand erect; b, ſhews the Ten recurved Stamina, with Lobes, with an odd one at the End, like thoſe of the
their Summits; (, the Style which fits upon the Ger- Afh-Tree, but are ſmooth on their upper Surface, of a
men, and is extended the Length of the Stamina ; d, the dark green ſhining Colour; on the upper Part of the
Seed-veffel, compoſed of many Cells; e, fhews the Stalk the Flowers are produced on every Side, forming
Seed as it is lodged in the Cells; and f, the Seeds taken a pyramidal Thyrſe, or looſe Spike. Theſe are com-
out of the Cafe.
poſed of Five or Six unequal Petals, which are irregu-
This Plant grows naturally upon the Mountains in larly diſpoſed, Four of the upper ones being much
Italy, and in ſome parts of Germany; but is propagated in larger than the lower, and ſtand erect; the others turn
England, for the Beauty of its Flowers. Doctor Linnæus downward, and are, in this Sort, of a purpliſh
Colour,
ſuppoſes there is but One diſtinct Species of this Genus, marked with Stripes of a deeper: From the Empale-
and the others are only feminal Variations from it. The ment there arife Ten long Stamina, crowned with
Sort with white Flowers is fo; for I have had theſe roundiſh yellow Summits; theſe are reflexed, and turn
come up from the Seeds of the purple: But that which upwards; between which is ſituated a Style of the
is here figured, is certainly a different Species from the ſame Length, fitting upon a five cornered Germen, which
common Sort; for I have always found, that the Seeds afterwards turns to a Veffel with Five Cells, in which
of this produced Plants of the ſame Kind, though ſome are lodged many ſmooth ſhining black Seeds, which are
of them have differed in the Colour of their Flowers. hard. This Plant flowers in May and June, and the
The common Sort hath ſhort Spikes of Flowers, which Seeds ripen in Oktober : The Leaves and Flowers have
grow thinly on the Stalks, fo are not near ſo beautiful a ſtrong balſamic Smell. The Roots of it are uſed in
as this, which has occafioned its being diſregarded; Medicine.
PLATE

PLCXXIII
6
DIOTAMNUS, Hort:Cliff 16.
Ramanke นั้นไดลง
Sos. Miller deur
Partition weding out of Plantiye mitor now. the soupe



PLCTA
all
Fig.s.
Fig. 2
Fig.5
, Diosma, foliis linearibus glabris acutis.
Fig.2, Diosma, foliis lineari -lanceolatis fubtus convexis bifariam imbricatis Lin. Sp. plant 198.
Putnokil according to Act of Partiament by P. Miller Ow"24:1756.


Pl.com
19
DIERVILLA; (loadienfis fruticoſa flore lutro Tourn. Act. 1796.
Publishid according te det of Parliament by P. Miller Vovomat" 30 1756

( 83 )
P L Α Τ Ε
CXXIV.
DIERVILLA, Tourn. Mem. Acad. R. S. 1706. Boerb. Ind. which is cut into Five acute Segments at the Top.
Alt. 277. Lonicera, Lin. Gen. Plant. 210. We have Doctor Linnæus titles this Plant Zemera racemis termina-
no Engliſh Name for this Plant.
libus, foliis ferratis, Sp. Plant. 175.
This Plant was firſt brought to Europe, from Acadia,
HIS Genus of Plants ſhould be ranged in by Mr. Dierville, a French Surgeon: So Tournefort,
T finding
Syſtem, in which he includes the Trees and Shrubs, not range in any of his Genera, conſtituted a new Ge-
with a Flower of One Leaf, whoſe Empalement turns nus, and applied it to the Name of the Perſon who
to a Berry. Doctor Linnæus has joined this to his brought it. Since then the Plant has been found grow-
Genus of Lonicera, and ranges it in his Fifth Claſs ing naturally in ſeveral of the Northern Parts of Ame-
of Plants, intituled, Pentandria Monogynia, from the rica, and particularly in Nova Scotia, in great Plenty:
Flower having Five Stamina, and One Style. To this It is a low Shrub, which feldom rifes more than
Genus he has added the Caprifolium, Periclymenum, Cha- Three Feet high ; the Stalks are fender and woody:
maceraſus, and Xylofteum, of Tournefort, and the Sym- theſe have a reddiſh coloured Bark, and are garnithed
phoricarpos of Dillenius ; in which he has not ſtrictly fol- with oblong pointed Leaves, which are flightly fawed
lowed Nature : For if the Flowers only are admitted as on their Edges. They are placed by Pairs oppoſite at
characteriſtic Notes, ſome of theſe muſt be ſeparated; the Extremity of the Stalk. There is often One or Two
but if the Fruit be allowed as a Mark of the Genera, it ſmall Branches produced, each of which is terminated
will ſtill cauſe a further Alteration, for as the Fruit of by a looſe Bunch of yellow Flowers, which have long
this Plant hath Four Cells, and thoſe of Lonicera bur Tubes, and are cut into Five Parts at the Top, which
Two, fo I judge it will be more intelligible to thoſe who turn backward. Theſe, in the native Country of their
are not Adepts in Botany to keep them diſtinct. Growth, are ſucceeded by oval Berries, which, when
ripe, are of a black Colour, and have Four Cells, in
We'know but One Species of this Plant at preſent; each of which is lodged a ſingle hard Seed. In England
which is here repreſented.
the Berries are rarely formed; and thoſe which fome-
times do appear, never come to Maturity.
DIERVILLA Acadienfis, fruticoſo flore luteo, Tourn. Ac. The Roots of this Plant creep far under Ground, and
R. S. 1706. Shrubby Diervilla of Acadia, with a ſend out many Stems, by which it propagates very faft.
yellow Flower
As theſe riſe during the Summer Months, ſo many of
thoſe which come up in the Spring produce Flowers
a, repreſents One of the Flowers ſeparated from the the ſame Year; and hereby there is generally a Succef-
Bunch, fhewing its long Tube, with the upper Part fion of Flowers from May to September ; for the Shoots
divided into Five Segments; b, ſhews the Flower cut of the former Year begin to flower early in the Summer,
open, with Part of the Tube taken off; 6, reprefents and the Branches from the Sides of theſe foon follow;
the Five Stamina, and the Style; d, ſhews Two and before theſe are over, ſome of the young Shoots
Stamina taken out of the Flower, with their round will begin to fhew their Flowers; which renders the
Summits; e, repreſents the tubulous Empalement, Plant more valuable.
P L Α Τ Ε
E CXXV.
TI
Diosma, Lin. Gen. Plant, 241. Spirea, Com. Rar. Pl. 2. The Species here repreſented are;
African Spiræa vulgò.
Fig. 1. Diosma follis linearibus glabris acutis. Diofma
HIS Genus of Plants is ranged in Linnæus's Fifth with narrow ſmooth Leaves, terminating in a
Claſs, intituled, Pentandria Monogynia ; the Flower Point.
having Five Stamina, and One Style. Theſe Plants
have been always
ranged under the Genus of Spiræa by This Sort approaches near to the Spiræa Africana
the Writers on Botany : But, according to Linnæus's odorata foliis piloſis, Com. Rar. Pl. 3. But the Leaves of
Syſtem, they muſt be ſeparated, on account of the Num- this are longer, more pointing, and ſmooth; in which
ber of Stamina in the Flowers; for in theſe there are they differ. This Plant was raiſed in the Garden at
but Five, whereas thoſe of the Spirea have Twenty : Be- Chelſea, fome Years paſt, from Seeds which were ſent
fide this, there is a five-pointed Nectarium in theſe from the Cape of Good Hope; and fince then many
Flowers, which is wanting in the Spiræa ; but as to the Plants have been raiſed from the Seeds which have
Number of Petals in the Flower, and the Form of the ripened in England, which retain their Difference ;
Seed-veffel, they agree with the Common Spirea, ſo therefore it may be put down as a diſtinct Plant.
might, according to former Syſtems, be ranged with It is a ſhrubby Plant, growing Three or Four Feet
ir.
high, ſending out many lateral Branches, which extend
pretty

( 84 )
pretty wide every Way, ſo as to form a large buſhy Two Feet high; but ſpreads out its Branches far on
Head. The Leaves are pretty long and narrow, end- every Side : Theſe are garniſhed with narrow ſmooth
ing in a ſharp Point: They are of a light green Co- Leaves, of a light green Colour, which are ranged on
lour, and ſmooth; and when bruiſed, emit a ſtrong each Side the Branches, ſo appear flat on the upper and
balſamic Odour. The Flowers grow in ſmall Cluſters, under Side; when theſe are bruiſed, they emit a very
toward the Extremity of the Branches, which are white, ſtrong penetrating Odour. The Flowers of this Sort
and are compoſed of Five obtufe Leaves or Petals, as is are produced ſingly from between the Leaves, and are
repreſented at a; in the Bottom of each Flower is compoſed of Five Petals, which are white, and tinged
ſituated a five-cornered Nectarium, which is ſhewn at on their upper Surface, as repreſented at e. In this the
b; this fits upon the Germen, which afterward turns to Nectarium is leſs viſible than the former, and the Seed
a five-cornered Veſſel, repreſented at d, which hath Five veſſels are much ſmaller, but of the fame Form.
Cells, containing ſeveral hard ſhining black Seeds; C, Theſe Plants grow naturally at the Cape of Good Hope,
ſhews the Five Stamina of the Flower, which lie flat be- where there are many other Species of this Genus; ſome
tween the Petals.
of which have been lately introduced to the Engliſh
Gardens, where they are very ornamental Plants to the
Fig. 2. Diosma foliis lineari lanceolatis fubtus convexis Green-houſe; for they are feldom deſtitute of Flowers
bifariam imbricatis, Lin. Sp. Pl. 198. Dioſma with They are propagated either by Seeds or Cuttings: The
narrow ſpear-ſhaped Leaves, which are convex on latter, being the moſt expeditious, is more generally
their under Side, and ranged Two Ways, like Tiles. practiſed; for the Seeds feldom grow the Firſt Year,
This is the Spiræa Africana, Ericæ bacciferæ foliis, Raii but lie in the Ground till the following Spring. The
Hift
. 3. 91. African Spiræa, with Leaves like the Cuttings may be planted in any of the Summer Months,
Berry-bearing Heath.
in Pots filled with light Earth, and plunged into a
gentle Hot-bed, which will take Root in Five or Six
This is a low buſhy Shrub, which ſeldom riſes above Weeks.
P L Α Τ Ε
CXXVI.
Diospyros, Lin. Gen. Plant. 1027. Guajacana, Tourn. though theſe may poſibly have been tranſplanted from
Inft. R. H. 600. Tab. 371. Indian Date Plum. ſome other Country. The Occaſion of its being called
Guajacum Patavinum, was from One or Two very old
HIS Genus of Plants is ranged in Linnæus's Trees growing in the Garden at Padua, and the native
tituled, Polygamia Dioecia. Theſe are Male and Female known. There are ſome who have mentioned this Tree
in different Plants.
to grow naturally in Italy, and the South of France ;
Tournefort ranges it in the Second Section of his but from the beſt Information I can get, theſe have
Twentieth Claſs, which includes the Trees and Shrubs been planted there. This Tree has been but few Years
with a Flower of One Leaf, whoſe Pointal turns to a in the Engliſh Gardens. The Seeds of it I procured
Fruit with a ftony Seed.
from the Garden at Padua, where the Fruit conftantly
The Characters of this Genus are exhibited in the ripens; for in the Dutch Gardens, where I ſaw Two or
Gardener's Dictionary.
Three pretty large Trees, they never produce any Fruit.
In warm Countries theſe Trees grow to a large Size,
The Species here repreſented is,
and extend their Branches far every Way. Theſe are well
garniſhed with oblong Leaves ending in a Point, the
D10SPYROS foliorum paginis diſcoloribus, Lin. Sp. Plant. upper Surface of them having a ſhining Caft of a Cop-
1057. Indian Date Plum, with Leaves whoſe upper per Colour, and their under Surface a little inclining to
and under Sides are of Two Colours. This is the white : Theſe are ranged alternately on the Branches.
Guajacana, 7. B. 1. 138. and the Lotus Africana lati. The Flowers are produced ſingle out of the Side of the
folia, C. B. P. 447. Broad-leav'd African Lotus. Branches between the Leaves, having very ſhort Foot-
ſtalks. They are ſhaped like a Pitcher, and are of a
a, repreſents an intire Male Flower ; b, ſhews the worn-out purple Colour. The Fruit is the Size of a
fame, cut open ; C, ſhews the Eight fhort Stamina, middling Plum, of a pulpy Subſtance, black when
with their round Summits.
fully ripe, and incloſes ſeveral oblong compreſſed Seeds.
By fome this is titled Gaajacum Patavinum; others This Fruit is eaten after it hath lain ſome time to mel-
call it Pſeudolotus Africana : But the Title of Diospyros, low, like the Medlar, and is by fome Perſons eſteemed.
which is applied to it by Linnæus, is taken from Tbeo- We have no Trees large enough in England yet to bear
phraſtus, who had given it to ſome Plant nearly allied to Fruit; but Two of the Male Sort have produced Flowers
this, if it was not the fame.
in the Chelſea Garden. While young the Plants are impa-
Where this is a Native is difficult to determine ; but tient of Cold, the Froſt ſometimes killing the Extremi-
it is generally ſuppoſed it was brought from Africa to ties of their Shoots ; but in a few Years they grow
Europe, and the particular Place is thought to be Mau- hardy enough to reſiſt the greateſt Cold of this
ritania, where ſome of the Trees are now growing; Country, in a warm Situation.
PLATE

PC
必
​DIO SPYRUS, fotiorum pagimis lasertorius I'm.ypeplant.2016
)
... mer



PL. CXXVII
DODARTIZ, Yolis linearibus integerrimis glabris Lm. Ip. plane. 633.
Publikid according to det of Parliament by P. Miller November 30.1756.


PICO
Doronicum, folis corelatis obtufis,zadicalibus petiolatis caulinis ambilexicaulibus Sim Mat. Med 394
Portabid according to Act of Parbaruent by P Miller December 200756.

[ 85 ]
PL Α Τ Ε
CXXVII.
DODARTIA, Tourn. Cor. 47. Tab. 478. Lin. Gen. It hath a perennial creeping Root, by which it greatly
Plant. 698. We have no Engliſh Title for this Plant. multiplies; the Stalks riſe about a Foot and a Half
high, ſtrait, firm, ſmooth, and of a bright Green,
HIS Genus of Plants muſt be ranged in the ſending out many Side Branches from the Bottom up-
Third Section of Tournefort's Third Claſs, which ward, ſo as to form a ſort of low Bufh; at each Joint
includes thoſe Plants that have an anomolous comes out One or Two narrow Leaves, about an Inch
Flower of One Leaf, opening on both sides. Doctor Lin- long, which are fleſhy, and jagged a little on their Sides,
næus ranges it in the Second Section of his Twelfth Claſs, eſpecially thoſe which come out toward the Bottom: The
intituled, Didynamia Angioſpermia; the Flowers of this upper Parts of the Branches are adorned with Flowers,
having Two long, and Two ſhort Stamina, and the which come out fingly from the Joints ; theſe are of a
Seeds are incloſed in a Capfule. It muft be ranged in deep purple Colour, and about an Inch long; the Bot-
the Second Section of Mr. Ray's Nineteenth Claſs of tom is tubulous, and divides into Two Lips, as is re-
Plants, intituled, Herbs with a difform Flower of One preſented at a, and b: The upper Lip being hollow
Leaf, whoſe Seeds are contained in a Capſule.
like a Spoon, as is repreſented at “, the convex Side
ſtanding upward, and divided into two parts: The
The Species here repreſented is,
lower Lip is divided into Three Parts, as is repreſented
at d, the middle one being very ſmall. The Empale-
DODARTIA foliis linearibus integerrimis glabris, Lin. Sp. ment of the Flower is ſhort, ſmooth, and divided into
Plant. 633. Dodartia with very narrow intire ſmooth Five Parts, into which is inſerted the roundiſh Germen,
Leaves. This is the Dodartia Orientalis flore purpu- fupporting a crooked Style, repreſented at e, which is
raſcente, Tourn. Cor. 47. Eaſtern Dodartia with a crowned by an obtufe Stigma. This is attended by Four
purpliſh Flower
Stamina ; Two of which are ſhort, and Two longer, re-
preſented at f: The Germen afterward turns to a ſphe-
This Plant was diſcovered by Doctor Tournefort in rical Capſule, opening in Two Cells, which are filled
Armenia, from whence he ſent the Seeds to the Royal with ſmall brown Seeds.
Garden at Paris, where they ſucceeded; and the Plants This Plant thrives very well in the full Ground, and
have ſince been communicated to moſt of the curious requires no Protection in Winter, and propagates very
Gardens in Europe. He gave this Title to it in Honour faft by its creeping Roots; the Flowers come out in
of Monſieur Dodart, Member of the Royal Academy of July, and the Seeds ripen in September, and, in a
Sciences at Paris, and Phyſician to her Royal Highneſs Month after, the Stalks decay to the Root.
the Princeſs of Conti,
P L Α Τ Ε
CXXVIII.
TI
DORONICUM, C. B. P. 184. Raii Meth. Plant. 33. Leaves embracing the Stalks. This is the Doronicum
Tourn. Inſt. R. H. 487. Tab. 277. Lin. Gen. Plant. maximum, foliis caulem amplexantibus, C. B. P. 184.
862. Leopards Bane.
Greateſt Leopards Bane, with Leaves embracing the
Stalks ; and the Doronicum VII Auftriacum 3. Cluf.
HIS Genus of Plants is ranged in Tournefort's
Hift. 2. p. 19.
Fourteenth Claſs, intituled, Herbs with radiated
Flowers, whoſe Seeds are crowned with Down. Mr. Ray The Root of this plant is thick and fleſhy, and hath
places it in his Seventh Claſs, which includes the Herbs many Joints or Knees, ſending down ſtrong thick Fibres
with a radiated diſcous Flower, with a downy Seed. into the Ground. The Leaves, which riſe immediately
Doctor Linnæus ranges it in the Second Diviſion of his from the Root, are hairy, ſoft, and Heart-ſhaped,
Nineteenth Claſs, intituled, Syngeneſia Polygamia ſuper having a long Footſtalk repreſented at a; from the
flua , from the Heads containing many Female and Her Root ariſes a pretty ſtrong channelled hairy Stalk, near
maphrodite Flowers in One common Empalement. To Two Feet high, which are garniſhed with oblong
this Genus he has added the Belidiafirum of Micheli; Heart-ſhaped Leaves cloſely embracing the Stalks at
and he has ſeparated fome of the Species, which had their Baſe, as at b; theſe are hairy and ſoft: The upper
been included in this Genus, to another, under the Title Part of the Stalk divides into Three or Four ſmaller,
of Arnica, becauſe their Female Flowers have Five Sta- each being terminated by a ſingle Head of Flowers, in-
mina, which the Flowers of this Genus have nor. cluded in One common Empalement, compoſed of a
double Series of Leaves, which are narrow, and as long
The Species here repreſented is,
as the Rays or Border of the Flower, as is repreſented
at <; the Border or Rays of the Flower, marked d, is
DORONICUM, foliis cordatis obtufis, radicalibus petiolatis, compoſed of many Female Flowers, which have a ſhort
caulinis amplexicaulibus, Lin. Mat. Med. 394. Leo Tube, and are ſtretched out at the Top on the Side like
pards Bane, with blunt Heart-ſhaped Leaves; thoſe a Tongue, as is repreſented at e. The Dilk, or middle
from the Root having Footſtalks, but the upper of the Flower, is compoſed of many Hermaprodite
Num. XXII.
z
Flowers,

[ 86]
Flowers, which are tubulous, Funnel-ſhaped, and cut perſed by the Winds, whereby the Plant propagates very
into Five Parts at the Top, as is ſhewn at f; where it faſt. Is grows naturally upon the Alps and Mountains
fits upon a Germen, which afterward becomes a fingle in Germany; and is ſuppoſed by many to be a very poi-
oval compreſſed Seed, as at g, crowned by an hairy fonous Plant, which will deſtroy Wolves, Dogs, and
Down. The Flowers are of a bright yellow Colour, other Animals; though others recommend it as an An-
in May, which is the Seaſon when there are tidote to expel the Poiſon of Scorpions. The Roots are
the greateſt Number of Flowers; but in moiſt cool the only Parts of the Plant uſed, and that but feldom ;
Summers there is frequently a Succeſſion of Flowers though it has a Place among the medicinal Simples in
till Autumn. The Seeds ripen in Auguſt, which are dif- moft Diſpenſaries.
and appear
P L A T E
CXXIX.
DRACOCEPHALUM, Lin. Gen. Plant. 648. Moldavica, when the Winters have proved favourable, and thoſe
Tourn. Inft. R. H. 184. Tab. 85. Raii Meth. Plant. have flowered early the following Summer : But as the
64. Dragons Head, or Moldavian Baum.
Plants which come up from Seeds in the Spring, do
perfect Seeds the ſame Year, ſo there are few Perſons
HIS Genus of Plants is ranged in Doctor Lin- who regard the Roots after. The Stalks of this Plant
neus's Firſt Section of his Fourteenth Claſs, in- are fquare, and riſe a Foot and a Half high; theſe
tituled, Didynamia Gymnoſpermia ; the Flowers having are hoary, and divide into Two or Three ſmaller
Two long and Two ſhort Stamina, and being ſucceeded Branches, which are garniſhed with oblong Leaves,
by naked Seeds. To this Genus he has joined the Mol- placed by Pairs oppoſite at each Joint, and are hoary
davica of Tournefort, of which Genus this is a Species, on their under Side, with ſeveral longitudinal Veins
Tournefort places this Genus in his Fourth Claſs of running through them. From the Wings of the Leaves
Plants, and in the Firſt Section, in which he includes the Flowers are produced in Whorles round the Stalks,
the Herbs with a libiated or lipp'd Flower, whoſe upper having Three or Four ſmall roundiſh Leaves growing
Lip is galeated and falcated. Mr. Ray ranges it in his to the Baſe of their Footſtalks, which is repreſented at
Fourteenth Claſs of Plants, which includes the Herbs the End of the Footſtalk of the Flower a, (theſe are
whoſe Flowers grow in Whorles round the Stalks. what Linnæus terms Brachæa) deeply fawed at the
Edges, each Serrature ending in a foft Spine. The
The Species here repreſented is the
Empalement of the Flower is tubular, and of One Leaf,
and fightly cut at the Top into Five Parts. The
DRACOCEPHALUM, floribus verticillatis bra&eis oblongis, Flower is of that Kind which Linnæus terms ringent
ſerraturis ſpinoſis foliis fubtomentofis, Lin. Sp. Plant. 595. (grinning), and by Tournefort, Ray, and others, is called
Dragons Head, with oblong ſpinous Bracteii, and Lip Flower; it is of One Leaf, having a long Tube, and
woolly Leaves. This is the Moldavica Orientalis be- divided at the Top into Two Lips, as is repreſented at
tonicæ folio, flore magno violaceo, Tourn. Cor. 11. a; the upper Lip is forked and erect, the lower Lip is
Eaſtern Moldavian Baum, with a Betony Leaf, and a cut into Three Parts. b repreſents the tubular Empale-
large Violet Flower; and the Dracocephalum, floribus ment of the Flower. chews the Four Stamina ; Two
verticillatis, foliis lanceolatis floribus oblongis, Hort. of which ſtand erect, and the Two longer incline to the
Cliff. 308. Dragons Head, with Flowers growing in lower Lip, turning up their blunt Stigma. Theſe
Whorles, Spear-ſhaped Leaves and oblong Flowers. Flowers are of a violet Colour, and appear about the
End of June; but there'is a Succeſſion of them, towards
This Plant was diſcovered by Doctor Tournefort in the Tops of the Stalks, near Two Months, in moderate
the Levant, who ſent the Seeds of it to the Royal Seaſons. After the Flower is paft, the Empalement d,
Garden at Paris, where it ſucceeded; and from thence becomes the Cover to the Seeds; which are generally
the Gardens in moſt parts of Europe have been fur- Four to each Flower, as repreſented at f; theſe ſtand
niſhed with this Plant.
naked round the Receptacle e. The whole Plant hath
It is generally called an annual Plant; but I have an aromatick Scent.
frequently had the Roots live Two Years, eſpecially
PLATE

Cou
all of
Draco curuar. var, floribus verbindliais bonoris oblongis fratris fpinofos folis subwomende for Home Linfal 66
Per scoriding actor of Portiment by P. Miller Deus e 1786



PL.CXXX
Echinops, calycules unifloris caule unicapitato Lin. Sp.pl. 815.
Pri neording to (lot of Parliament by P. Miller Duc? 201756 ,


PL.CXXXI
x
Z
Fig1.
Fig.2.
so
Figs. ELICHRysum, Africanum praefens angustis g- longioribus foliis incanis Hortu Amst•2109.
Fig.2. ELICHRYSUM, folüs linearibus decurrontibus fubtus incanis floribus corymboſis
.
Published according to let of Parliam! by P Miller Dec. 20 1736,

[ 87 ]
P L Α Τ Ε
CXXX
T
ECHINOPs, Lin. Gen. Plant. 829. Echinopus, Tourn. This Plant hath a perennial Root and an annual
Stalk.
Inft. R. H. 463. Tab. 262. Carduus Sphärocephalus, The Root is compoſed of many ſtrong rough fleſhy Fi-
Raii Meth. Plant. 43. The Globe Thiſtle.
bres, which creep in the Ground; from which ariſe
ſeveral white Stalks about Two Feet high, which are
HIS Genus of Plants is ranged in the Firſt garniſhed with long Leaves at every Joint, which are
Section of Linnæus's Nineteenth Claſs, intituled, deeply cut and jagged, and armed with ſharp Spines on
Syngeneſia Polygamia Æqualis. Tournefort places this their Edges; theſe are green on their upper Surface and
Genus in the Fourth Section of his Twelfth Claſs of white underneath. The Stalks divide towards the Top
Plants, intituled, Herbs with a flofculous Flower, whoſe into Two or Three ſmall Branches, which are garniſhed
Florets are equally cut at the Top, and each fits in its proper with Leaves of the fame Shape, but are ſmaller than thoſe
Empalement. Mr. Ray ranges it in his Ninth Claſs, upon the main Stem. Each of theſe Stalks is termi-
which he titles, Corymbiferis affines.
nated by a globular Head of Flowers, which are of a
fine blue Colour. The Heads are compoſed of many
The Species here repreſented is,
Hermaphrodite Flowers, each having a diftinct fcaly
Empalement, as is repreſented at a. Theſe are cut into
Echinops, caliculis unifloris, caule unicapitato, Lin. Sp. many Segments at the Top, as is ſhewn at b; each of
Plant. 815. Globe Thiſtle with one Flower in each theſe fit upon an Embrio, which afterward becomes an
Empalement, and One Head upon each Stalk: This oblong Seed, ſhewn at c; which in dry Seaſons ripen
is the Echinopus minor, 7. B. 3. 72. Smaller Globe very well in England. This Plant flowers in July and
Thiſtle. By Lobel it is titled, Ritro, floribus cæruleis, Auguſt, and the Seeds ripen in Autumn.
Icon. 8. Caſpar Baubin titles it, Carduus Spherocephalus
cæruleis minor, Pin, 381. Smaller blue Globe Thiſtle.
PL Α Τ Ε
CXXXI.
ELICHRYSUM, Tourn. Inft. R. H. 452. Raii Meth. diſtinct Species: For the Oriental Sort never riſes with
Plant. 34. Gnaphalium, Lin. Gen. Pl. 850. Eternal Stalks, but ſhoots out many Heads near the Ground;
Flower, or Golden Caffidony.
whereas this Sort riſes with Stalks Four or Five Feet
high, dividing into many Branches, which are garniſhed
HIS Genus of Plants is ranged in the ſecond Sec. with long narrow Leaves placed alternately; but the
tion of Tournefort's Twelfth Claſs, intituled, Herbs other hath Spear-ſhaped Leaves, growing in Cluſters
with a flofculous Flower and a downy Seed. Mr. Ray without Order. The Flowers of this grow in a looſe
places it in the Second Section of his Seventh Claſs, Corymbus, having long Pedicles ; but thoſe of the
which he titles, Herbs with a naked diſcoide Flower and other grow compact.
downy Seed. Doctor Linnæus ranges it in the Second Di- The Root of this plant is compoſed of many ligneous
viſion of his Nineteenth Claſs, intituled, Syngenefia Poly- Fibres, from which the ſhrubby round Stalk ariſes,
gamia ſuperflua. The Flowers being compoſed of Her- which is white and woolly, it riſes to Four or Five Feet
maphrodite and Female Florets, and the Stamina and high, which divides into ſeveral Branches, garniſhed
Summits being joined in a cylindrical Body.
with long narrow white Leaves growing cloſe to the
Branches, without any Footſtalk, and are generally re-
The Species here repreſented are,
flexed backward. The Branches are terminated by a
Corymbus of Flowers, each Flower being compoſed of
Fig. 1. ELICHRYSUM Africanus fruteſcens anguſtis & feveral Hermaphrodite Florets, One of which is repre-
longioribus foliis incanis, Hort. Auft. 2. 109. Shrubby fented at e; theſe are all included in One common ſcaly
African Eternal Flower with narrow and longer Leaves, Empalement repreſented at a. The Florets expand at
which are hoary
the Top, where they are ſlightly cut into Five Segments,
as are repreſented at b and c; theſe are white and fil-
Doctor Linnæus fuppoſes this is the fame Plant as the very on their outſide, but within are yellow; they
Elichryſum Orientale, C. B. P. 264. but thoſe who have appear all the Summer, and ſometimes perfect their
feen both Sorts growing, can never doubt of their being Seeds.
Fig.

[ 88 ]
Fig. 2. ELICHRYSUM foliis linearibus decurrentibus fub- the other, ſo as to form what the former Botaniſts
tus incanis floribus Corymboſis. Eternal Flower, with termed a winged Stalk; but Doctor Linnæus ftiles thefe
narrow running Leaves hoary on their under Side, running Leaves. The Top of each Stalk is terminated
and Flowers growing in a Corymbus.
by a compound Corymbus of Flowers compoſed of
many ſmall ones, which are each compoſed of many
This Plant was raiſed in the Chelſea Garden, from ſmall yellow Flowers growing very compact. Theſe
Seeds which came from the Cape of Good Hope. It hath continue in Succeffion moft Part of Summer, and
per.
a Root compoſed of many Fibres, from which ariſe fect their Seeds in the Autumn.
many irregular Stalks which divide into many Branches; Both theſe Sorts require Protection from Froſt in
theſe are garniſhed with oblong Leaves, green on their Winter, and are eaſily propagated by Cuttings during
upper Side, but white underneath ; and from each there any of the Summer Months.
suns a Border or Wing along the Stalk from one to
P L Α Τ Ε
CXXXII.
EMERUS, Cæfalp. 117. Tourn. Inſt. 650. Tab. 418. Co- Leaves placed along the Midrib oppoſite, and terminated
lutea Scorpioides, Raii Meth. 163. Coronilla, Lin. Gen. by an odd one : Theſe Leaves are obtuſe, and indented
Plant 789. Scorpion Sena.
at their Extremities. The Flowers are produced at the
Wings of the Leaves, generally Two upon each Foot-
TOURNEFORT ranges this Genus of Plants in the ſtalk, which is often longer than the Leaves. Theſe
Third Section of his Twenty-ſecond Claſs, intituled, have a ſhort Empalement of One Leaf, repreſented at a.
Trees and Shrubs with a papilionaceous Flower whoſe Leaves The Flower is of the Butterfly Kind, as is ſhewn at b.
are conjugated, having many ſmall Leaves ranged along the This is compoſed of a Standard (or Vexillum) which is
Midri). This ſhould properly have been included in his Heart-ſhaped, repreſented at c. The (Alæ, or) Wings,
Tenth Claſs, with the other papilionaceous Plants; but are ſhewn atd. And the (Carina, or) Keel, at e. Theſe
he has ſeparated the Trees and Shrubs of this Claſs Flowers are yellow, and make their Appearance in
from the Herbs, and placed them in his laſt Claſs ; in May; but there is uſually a Succeſſion of them till Au-
which he has been followed by Mr. Ray. Doctor Lin- tumn. They are ſucceeded by long taper Pods, repre,
næus ranges it in his Seventeenth Claſs of Plants, inti- fented at f; which ripen their Seeds in Autumn.
tuled, Diadelphia Decandria, the Flowers have Ten Sta-
mina joined in Two Bodies, and he puts it under the Fig. 2. Emerus minor, Tourn. Inft. R. H.650. Smaller
Genus of Coronilla ; to which he alſo joins the Securidaca Scorpion Sena
of Tournefort.
This Sort is the moſt common in the Engliſh Gardens,
The Species here repreſented are,
the Firſt being in very few ; nor was it known of late
Years here, till I procured the Seeds from Italy. This
Fig. 1. Emerus Cæfalp. 117. Scorpion Sena. Second Sort riſes to a greater Height than the Firſt,
but the Flowers are ſmaller. The Leaves generally
This is a low Shrub, which ſeldom grows more than have One Pair of ſmall Leaves more upon each Mid-
Four Feet high, putting out many Stems from the rib, but they are narrower, and end in a Point; ſo that
Root; theſe, when young, are green and ſmooth, but there can be no Doubt of their being diſtinct Species,
as they become older they have an Aſh-coloured Bark, eſpecially as they continue their Difference when raiſed
which is rough; they are garniſhed their whole Length from Seeds.
with winged Leaves, compoſed of Four Pair of ſmall
PLA TE
.

PL.CXXXII
Fig.1.
Fig. 2.
Fig.r. Emerus, Cajalp 17
Fig.2. Emenus, minerJourn Inft R:H.650
Published doending to det of Parliament by Miller Derm tho sort



PCXXXIII
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EPIMEDIUM
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1 Miller Sculp
Publishid acording to Ad of Parliament by P. Miller Jan 2017


PZ.CXXXZT
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FABAGO, Belgarum five Peplus Parisiensirim Lugd. 156
Publahad decording to det of Parliament by P Miller January the jorpet

[ 89 )
P L Α Τ Ε
CXXXIII.
wort.
T
EPIMEDIUM, Dod. 599. Tourn. Inf. R. H. 232. Raii Three Flowers, One upon each of the leaſt Footſtalks
Metb. Plant. 129. Lin. Gen. Plant. 138. Barren- at the Extremity. The Flower is compoſed of Four
Leaves, placed in Form of a Croſs, as is repreſented at
a. Theſe are of a reddiſh Colour, with a yellowiſh Stripe
HIS Genus of Plants is ranged in the Sixth on the Border. They are hollow at firſt, and ſhaped
Section of Tournefort's Fifth
Claſs, intituled, like a Pipe, as is repreſented at b. The Empalement
Herbs with a Croſs-Shaped Flower, wboſe Pointal of the Flower is compoſed of Four Green Leaves, re-
turns to a Pod with One Cell. Mr. Ray places it in his preſented at c; which are ſituated directly under the
Twenty-fifth Claſs, which contains ſeveral Genera that Petals, and cloſely adhere to them, ſo that a negligent
he knew not where to range. Doctor Linnæus ranges Obſerver would ſuppoſe them One. In the Center of
it in the Firſt Section of his Fourth Claſs, intituled, Te- the Flower arifes the pointal d; which afterward turns
Irandria Monogynia ; from the Flower having Four Sta- to a Pod, having Two Valves, as is repreſented at e,
mina and One Style. We have but One Species of this containing ſeveral ſmall Seeds.
Plant in Europe, which is here repreſented ; viz.
This Plant grows naturally upon the Mountains in
Auſtria and Liguria. Mr. Ray found it growing near
EPIMEDIUM, Dod. Pempt. 599. Barrenwort. John Bau- Ponteba, which parts the Austrian and Venetian Terri-
bin titles it, Epimedium quorundam, Hift. 2. 395. tories. It flowers in April, and the Seeds ripen the Be-
ginning of June, when they are foon caſt out of the Pods.
This Plant hath a creeping Root, whereby it ſpreads It delights in a moiſt ſhady Situation, and increaſes faſt
and propagates very faſt, fending many ſtrong Fibres by its creeping Roots. For the remarkable Oddneſs of
down into the Ground; and upward ariſe many ſmall, the Flower, it deſerves a Place in Gardens.
ſtiff, ſmooth Footſtalks, about Nine Inches high, di- Doctor Tournefort found Two other Varieties of this
vided toward the Top into Three ſmaller Sprigs or Plant in the Levant; one with a greeniſh white, and
Stalks ; each of which is again divided into other the other a pure white Flower; but as theſe only differ
Three; upon each of theſe ſmaller Footſtalks ſtands a in the Colour of their Flowers, ſo they are eſteemed as
ftiff Heart-ſhaped Leaf, pointed at the End, and in- feminal Variations.
dented on the Edges; of a pale Green on the upper There have been great Doubts amongſt Botaniſts con-
Side, but Grey underneath, and full of Nerves. A cerning the Epimedium of Diofcorides and Pliny; fome
little below the Firſt Diviſion of the Footftalk, comes have ſuppoſed it to be the ſame with this which is here re-
out the Footſtalk of the Flowers, which is near Six preſented, but others take it to be a different Plant.
Inches long, dividing into ſeveral ſmaller, each having
P L Α Τ Ε
CXXXIV.
FABACO, Tourn. Inft. 258. Tab. 135, Capparis Fabago in Age, becomes more ligneous; and the Head of
Raii addend. 192. Zygophyllum, Lin. Gen. Plant. 474. the Root riſes higher out of the Ground, by the Fall-
Bean Caper.
ing off of its annual Shoots, for the new Shoots come
out above the part where thoſe of the former Year
HIS Genus of Plants is ranged in the Fourth were placed. From the upper Part of the Root ariſe
Section of Tournefort's Sixth Clafs, intituled, Herbs ſeveral firm, round, ſmooth-jointed Stalks, which di-
with a Roſe Flower, whoſe Point al turns to a Fruit with vide into Branches of the fame Form; theſe are gar-
many Huſks. Doctor Linnæus ranges it in the Firſt Sec- niſhed with Leaves at every Joint, whole Footſtalks
tion of his Tenth Claſs, intituled, Decandria Menegynia, are placed oppoſite, and are about an Inch long; each
the Flowers having Ten Stamina, and One Style. ſuſtaining Two oval Lobes (or ſmall Leaves), which are
fucculent, like thoſe of Purflain, and of a Sea-green
The Species here repreſented is,
Colour; the Leaves which grow on the lower part of
the Stalk and Branches being much larger than thoſe on
FABACO Belgarum, five Peplus Parifienfium Lugd. 456. the upper. From the Wings of the Leaves come out
The Bean Caper. This is the Capparis Portulace the Footſtalks of the Flowers, which ſometimes are
folio, C. B. P. 480. Caper with a Purlain Leaf; and ſingle, and at others are double, One on each side the
the Capparis Fabago, Dod. Pempt. 741. Bean Caper. Branches; each ſuſtaining a fingle Flower, having an
Doctor Linnæus titles it, Zygopkyllum, Capſulis priſma- Empalement compoſed of Five concave Leaves, repre-
tico pentaedris. Hort. Upſal. 103. Zygophyllum, with ſented at a. The Flower hath Five concave Petals,
a five-cornered priſmatick Seed Veffel.
which are much larger than the Empalement, as is re-
preſented at b; in the Middle of which arife the Ten
This Plant hath a thick, long, perennial Root, which Stamina, ſurrounding the Style, as is ſhewn at c;
is covered with a brown Skin, and, as it advances which are ſtretched out much beyond the Petals, and
Num. XXIII.
А а
are

[ 90 ]
are terminated by oblong Summits lying proftrate, as mentioned this to grow wild in Italy, but Mr. Ray
is repreſented at'd. After the Flower is fallen, the could not find it there. The Root of this Plant is of a
Pointal becomes an oblong, five-cornered, fleſhy Cap- long Duration ; there is at preſent one growing in the
fule, having Five Cells, which have Valves, and are Chelſea Garden, which is more than Forty Years old,
divided by an intermediate Partition, each incloſing and is yet very vigorous, putting out many Stems every
Two or Three roundiſh compreſſed Seeds. In the Au- Year; and, in warm Seaſons, produces many good
tumn the Branches decay and fall off, leaving the Seeds. It requires a dry lean Soil, and a warm situa-
ftumpy Root naked, which puts out new Shoots in the tion. If theſe Roots are planted in Lime Rubbiſh, they
Spring. In warm Years this Plant will perfect Seeds will not grow ſo vigorouſly as in good Ground, ſo will
very well in England.
better endure the Winter's Cold; for, when they are full
It grows naturally in Syria. I have frequently re- of Juice, the Froſt often deſtroys them. The Syrian
ceived the Seeds from Smyrna and Aleppo. Some have Name of this Plant is Morg ſani
P L Α Τ Ε
CXXXV.
FILAGO, Lin. Gen. Plant. 891. Gnaphalium, Tourn. which come out ſeveral hard Stalks, which trail upon the
Inft. R. H. 461. Tab. 261. Gnaphalium maritimum, Ground, and ſend out on every Side many ſmall
Raii Meth. Plant. 38. Cottenweed, or Cudweed. Branches, which are cloſely garniſhed with oblong blunt
Leaves, crenated on their Edges, fet cloſe to the
THIS Genus of Plants is ranged in the Fourth Branches without any Footítalks; theſe are covered over
TH
Section of Linnæus's Nineteenth Claſs, intituled, with a cottony Down extremely white. The Flowers
Syngeneſia Polygamia neceſſaria. The Flowers of this being are produced toward the End of the Branches, upon
compoſed of ſeveral Female and Hermaphrodite Florets ſhort Footſtalks, as is repreſented at g and b. Theſe
included in One common Empalement, and the Stamina are compoſed of ſeveral Florets collected in a Sort of
and Style coaleſce in the Hermaphrodite Florets. Tourne- Corymbus, and included in one common ſcaly Empale-
fort places it in the Third Section of his Twelfth Claſs, ment, as is repreſented at a. The Florets are Funnel-
which includes thoſe Plants which have flofculous Flow- ſhaped, and divided at the Top into Five Segments
ers, and Seeds without Down. Mr. Ray ranges it in his which ſpread open, as is thewn at b. Theſe lit upon
Eighth Claſs, which contains the Corymbiferous Plants the Germen c, ſituated between the Gutter-ſhaped Leaf
with a naked Flower.
d. The Germen afterward becomes a ſmall, oval,
ſmooth, compreſſed Seed, as is repreſented at e; which
The Species here repreſented is,
hath no Down adhering to it, but is covered by a Hood
marked f. The Florers are of a bright yellow Colour,
Filago tomentoſa, Corymbo ſubramoſo, foliis oblongis ob- which, with the extreme Whiteneſs of the Leaves and
tufis crenatis, Lin. Sp. Plant. 927. Woolly Cudweed, Branches make a pretty Appearance.
branching under the Flower-Heads, and oblong blunt It flowers in June, July, and Auguft ; and in warm
Leaves, which are crenated. This is the Gnaphalium dry Seaſons, the Seeds will ripen in September ; but if
maritimum, Sea Cudweed, C. B. P. 263. and the Chry- much Wet happens when the Flowers open, the Seeds
fantbemum perenne Gnaphaloides maritimum, Mor. Hift. prove abortive.
3. p. 81. Perennial maritime Chryſanthemum, like This Plant grows naturally in great Plenty on the
Cudweed. In the Hortus Cliffortianus it is titled, San- Borders of the Mediterranean Sea ; and alſo in Angleſea,
tolina corymbo terminali ſubdiviſo foliis oblongis integerri- and on the Shore in Cornwall; from both which Places
mis obtufis. 398. Lavender Cotton, with a Flower- I have received the Seeds. It is a perennial Plant, and
Head terminating the Diviſion of the Branches, and will live abroad in mild Winters without Shelter, pro-
oblong blunt intire Leaves.
vided it is planted in a gravelly dry Soil; but in good
Ground it is ape to grow rank in the Summer, and then
It hath a ligneous Root, ſending out many Fibres, the Froſt foon deſtroys it.
which ſpread near the Surface of the Ground; from
PLATE

PILACO tomentofa
wnioja corymbe subramofo
, folis oblongis obtufis crenatis Lin Sp.pl.9.2017
Pabloskil wording to Set of Parliament by P Miller fan "50 1797
Holler sulp



Pl. CXXXVI
Fig.1
ܓ ܦ ؛
90
Frig
2
Fig. 1 FUMARIA viliquis linearibus tetragenis caulibus diffufis acutangulis Lin spe plant 700
2. FUMARIA péricarpus monospermis racemofis caulė“ diffuso Lin. sp. plant 706
Published according to Act of Parliament by P. Miller Jart" 30.1757
Fig
I Lancak del


PT. CXXXVIL
th
GALEGA Hert.(liffs
362
Lancake del
Miller seutp.
Published according to Act of Parliament by P. Miller Jan." 30.1757.

( 91 )
P L Α Τ Ε.
CXXXVI.
FUMARIA, Tourn. Inf. R. H. 421. Tab. 237. Raii fituated, ſurrounding the Pointale; which afterward
Meth. Plant. 130. Lin. Gen. Plant. 760. Fumitory, becomes a Pod, as at de containing ſeveral ſmall Seeds.
in French, Fumeterre.
The Leaves of this Plant continue green all the
Year, and the Flowers continue in Succeffion moft Part
1
HIS Genus of Plants is by Tournefort ranged in of the Year, ſo that the Plants are ſeldom deſtitute of
the Firſt Section of his Éleventh Claſs, which Flowers, which renders them worthy of a Place in a
includes the Herbs with a polypetalous anomolous Garden. The Seeds of this Plant are frequently caſt
Flower, whoſe Pointal turns to a unicapſular Fruit out, by the Elaſticity of the Pod when ripe, to a con-
Mr. Ray places it in his Twenty-fifth Claſs, which con- fiderable Height; and, when they happen to grow near
tains the anomolous Plants he knew not where to Walls, they fall on the Joints of the Wall, and the
range. Linnæus puts it in the Firſt Section of his Se- Plant will grow in the Morter, where they will re-
venteenth Claſs, intituled, Diadelphia Hexandria; the fift the Injuries of Weather, and multiply exceed-
Flowers having Six Stamina, which are ſeparated in ingly; therefore this is a very proper Plant to grow in
Two Bodies; and he joins to this Genus the Capnoides Rock-work, or upon old Walls or Buildings, to hide
of Tournefort, the Cyſticapnos of Boerhaave, the Corydalis their Deformity.
of Dillenius, and the Cucularia of Juffieu,
Fig. 2. FUMARIA pericarpiis monoſpermis racemofis, caule
The Species here repreſented are,
diffuſo, Lin. Gen. Plant. 700. Fumitory with a ſingle
Seed in each Pod growing in a Racemus, and a dif-
Fig. 1. FUMARIA, filiquis linearibus tetragonis, caulibus fuſed Stalk. This is the Fumaria officinarum & Di-
diffufis acutangulis, Lin. Sp. Plant. 700. Fumitory oſcoridis, C. B. P. 143. Common Fumitory.
with narrow Pods having Four Angles, and diffuſed
Stalks with ſharp Angles. This is the Fumaria lutea, This is an annual Plant, which grows naturally on
C. B. P. 143. Yellow Fumitory; and the Fumaria arable Land in moft Parts of England. It hath long,
lutea montana, Dalech. Hift. 1294. Mountain Yellow fender, fibrous Roots, ſending out many angular Stalks,
Fumitory,
which are weak, and generally trail upon the Ground;
the lower Leaves grow upon long, broad, and angular
This Plant hath a perennial Root compoſed of many Footſtalks, are deeply divided almoſt after the Manner
fleſhy yellow Fibres, which ſtrike deep into the Ground; of the umbelliferous Plants, and are placed alternately
from which there arifes a great Number of fucculent on the Stalks. The Flowers are produced in looſe
Stalks, which ſpread and branch out upward in a dif. Spikes at the Extremity of the Branches, which are
fuſed Manner, and grow about Six Inches high. Theſe fender, and ſhaped like thoſe of the other Sort, as are
are garniſhed with compound Leaves ſtanding on long repreſented at k, but are of a purple Colour. Theſe
branching Footitalks; and are compoſed of many irre- are ſucceeded by round Seed Veffels, containing a ſingle
gular Lobes (or ſmall Leaves) which are indented Seed, repreſented at i. This Sort comes early to flower
at the Top into Three Parts. From the Diviſions of in the Spring; and there is generally a Succeſſion of
the Stalks come out the Footftalk of the Flower, young Plants, which continue flowering great Part of
which is naked and taller than the Leaves, ſupporting Summer.
Eight or Nine irregular lipp'd Flowers growing in a It is uſed in Medicine, and is reckoned to be a great
looſe Spike, which are of a bright yellow Colour. Cleanſer of the Blood. Doctor Boerbaave frequently
a repreſents the upper Lip or Standard ; b, the lower preſcribed the Juice of this Plant for the Jaundice and
Lip or Beard, ending in a Tail c; between theſe Lips bilious Colicks.
(as it were in the Palate of a Mouth) the Stamina are
P L Α Τ Ε
Τ
CXXXVII.
GALEGA, Tourn. Inf. R. H. 398. Tab. 222. Raii The Species here repreſented is,
Meth. Addend. 192. Lin. Gen. Plant. 770. Goats
Rue.
GALEGA, Hert, Cliff. 362. Lin. Sp. Plant. 714. Goats
Rue. This is the Galega vulgaris, C. B. P. 352.
HIS Genus of Plants is ranged in the Second Common Goats Rue.
TH
Section of Tournefort's Tenth Claſs, which in-
cludes the Herbs with a Butterfly Flower, whoſe Pointal There are Two Varieties of this Plant; one with a
turns to a long Pod with One Cell. Doctor Linnaus white, and the other a blue Flower, which frequently
places it in the Second Section of his Seventeenth Claſs, ariſe from the fame Seeds, ſo are indifferently uſed
intituled, Diadelphia Decandria, the Flower having Ten in Medicine. But there is another Sort with larger
Stamina , Nine of which are joined, and the other is Flowers and thicker Pods, which came originally from
ſeparated
Africa, and is preſerved in many botanic Gardens.
The

19:]
The Sort here repreſented grows naturally in Italy and at e, and One is ſeparated, as is repreſented at f; from
Spain; but is propagated in the Engliſh Gardens to ſup- the ſame Empalement g, ariſes the Pointal; which af-
ply the Markets for medicinal Uſe.
terward turns to a long, flender, upright Pod, marked
It hath ſtrong, thick; fibrous Roots which ſpread h, containing ſeveral Kidney-ſhaped Seeds, repreſented
out on every Side, and ſtrike deep into the Ground; at i.
from which ariſe ſeveral round Stalks, which are about This Plant is celebrated as an Alexipharmick and Su-
Two Feet high, ſending out many Branches; theſe are dorifick, remarkably diſcuſſing any thing peftilential or
garniſhed with winged Leaves at every Joint, which are poiſonous. Mr. Boyle, in his Treatiſe of the Wholeſome-
compoſed of ſeveral Pairs of Lobes, and terminated by anneſs and Unwholeſomeneſs of the Air, beſtows Three or
odd one. The Flowers grow in Spikes upon naked Foot- Four Pages in celebrating the Virtues of Goats Rue in
ftalks, which ariſe from the Wings of the Leaves, in peſtilential and malignant Diſeaſes, from his own Ob-
the fame Manner as the ſpiked Vetch. Theſe are of the ſervation and Experience.
Butterfly Kind, as are repreſented at a; conſiſting of a It is a perennial Plant which continues ſeveral Years,
Standard b, and Two Wings repreſented at c. The but the Stalks decay every Autumn, and new ones ariſe
Keel, which is ſhewn at d, out of the Empalement, in the Spring; it flowers in June, and the Seeds ripen
ariſes the Ten Stamina ; Nine of which are joined, as in Auguft.
P L Α Τ Ε
CXXXVIII.
Genista, Lin. Gen. Plant. 766. Cytiſo-Geniſta, Tourn. rally Three cornered ; and are garniſhed with Leaves
Inft 649. Broom
coming out by Threes, as in the Trefoils, and ſome-
timec lingle, chofe which terminate the Branches end in
TH
HIS Genus of Plants is ranged in the Second Sec. Three Points, as is repreſented at b. The Branches of
tion of Linnæus's Seventeenth Claſs, intituled, this Sort ſpread and turn downward; whereas thoſe of
Diadelphia Decandria, the Flower having Ten Stamina ; our common Broom grow erect, and cloſer together.
Nine of which are joined, and one ſtands feparate. The Flowers come out ſingly from the Wings of the
Tournefort places it in his Twenty-Second Claſs, though Leaves, on ſhort Footſtalks, which are yellow, and are
it would more properly come under his Tenth, with of the papilionaceous (or Butterfly kind), having a ſhort
the other papilionaceous Plants; but he has ſeparated Empalement cut into Five Parts, as is repreſented at c,
all the Trees and Shrubs of this Clafs from the Herbs. out of which ariſes the Pointal d. The large Standard
He has citled this Genus Cytiſo-Geniſta, becauſe the Leaves (or Vexillum) is marked e; the Two Wings f, and the
are in fome Places ſingle, and in others they are trifoliate. Keel g. The Ten Stamina are ſhewn at b. The Poin-
tal d, afterward turns to a Pod ati, which contains ma-
The Species here repreſented is,
ny Kidney-ſhaped Seeds. It flowers in the End of
April and Beginning of May, and the Seeds ripen in
Genista ramis triquetris ſubarticulatis, foliis tricuſpida- Fuly.
tis, Lin. Sp. Plant. 710. Broom with Three-cor- This Shrub grows to the Height of Six or Seven
nered Branches which are jointed below, and Leaves Feet, ſending out many Branches, ſo as to form a large
ending in Three Points. This is the Cytiſo-Geniſta Lu- ſpreading Head; and the Branches being fully garniſhed
fitanica magno flore, Tourn. Inft. 649. Portugal Broom with Flowers in every part, makes a fine Appearance
with a large Flower
during their Continuance; it therefore deſerves to have
a Place among other flowering Shrubs of the ſame
This Plant grows naturally in Portugal, from whence Growth. It is very hardy, and propagares eaſily by
I have ſeveral times received the Seeds. It hath ſlender Seeds.
pliant Branches, as is repreſented at a, which are gene-
A I
auto
PLATE
bongan
Tot only
Side 10:30
a data to do
zido
aleb barani

PL e XXXVII
ak
kshmi
का
GENIS TA ramis triquetri subarticulatis folis trienspidatis Lin. Sp. pl
. 710.
J. Miller Sculp
Published wwerding to Act of Parliament by P. Miller Jan." 30.1797



PL CXXXIX
B
A
Pig. l.
Fig. 2.
с
d
c
Figs,
GALIUM, foliis Octonis linearibus fuleatis, ramis floriferis brevibus Hort.Cliff:34.
Friga, GENTIANA, corollis quinquefidis rotatis verticillatis calycibus spathaceis Hallo Hebr.479.
Publishid according to Act of Parliament by P. Miller .
Fest 26.1787

[ 93 ]
P L Α Τ Ε
CXXXIX.
T
GALLIUM, Tourn. Inft. R. H. 113. Tab. 39. Lin. Gen. The Species here repreſented is,
Plant. 117. Cheeſe-runnet, or Ladies Bedſtraw ; in
French, Caillelais.
GENTIANA corollis quinquefidis rotatis, verticillatis, caly-
cibus Spatbaceis, Hall. Helv. 479. Gentian with a
HIS Genus of Plants is ranged in the Ninth quinquefid Petal, growing in Whorles about the Stalk,
Section of Tournefort's Firſt Claſs, which in- and a hooded Empalement. This is the Gentiana
cludes the Herbs with a Bell-ſhaped Flower of major lutea, C. B. P. 187. Greater yellow Gentian,
One Leaf, wboſe Empalement becomes a double or Twin or Felwort.
Fruit. Linnæus places it in the Firſt Section of his Fourth
Claſs, intituled, Tetrandria Monogynia, the Flowers having This Plant hath a large thick Root of a yellowiſh
Four Stamina and one Style.
brown Colour, and a very bitter Tafte; the lower
Leaves are of an oblong oval Shape, a little pointed at
The Species here repreſented is,
the End, ſtiff, of a yellowiſh Green, and have Five
large Veins on the Back of each. The Stalk rifes to
Fig. 1. GALLIUM, foliis oclonis linearibus ſulcatis, ramis the Height of Three or Four Feet, which is garniſhed
floriferis brevibus, Hort. Cliff. 34. Ladies Bedſtraw, with Leaves, growing by Pairs at each Joint, almoſt
with Eight narrow furrowed Leaves, and ſhorter embracing the Stalk at their Bafe; theſe are of the fame
Flower Branches. This is the Gallium caule credo, Form with the lower, but diminiſh gradually in their
foliis plurimis verticillatis linearibus, Lin. Flor. Lap. 61. Size to the Top. The Flowers come out in Whorles at
Ladies Bedſtraw with an upright Stalk, and many the Joints, toward the upper Part of the Stalks, ſtand-
narrow Leaves growing in Whorles.
ing on fhort Footftalks, whoſe Origin is from the
Wings of the Leaves ; theſe are of a pale Yellow, are
This Plant hath a perennial Root, which creeps in the of One Leaf, which is divided almoſt to the Bottom,
Ground, and is very tough; the Stalks are between as is repreſented at a; having an oblong cylindrical
Three and Four Feet long, growing erect till the Seeds Germen, which is ſhewn at d; which afterward fwells
are formed, which by their Weight often cauſe them to to an oblong taper Capſule, which is bifid at the Point,
incline downward: Theſe are garniſhed at the Joints with as is reprefented at e; which opens in Two Cells, as
very narrow Leaves, having a Furrow in the Middle, at f, filled with ſmall Seeds, repreſented at g. The
whích for the moſt part are Eight, ſtanding together in Figures b and chew the firſt Appearance of the Flowers
Whorles round the Stalks, as is repreſented at A. They magnified.
are of a lucid Green, and terminate in Points. At each This Plant grows naturally in the Paſtures in Swit-
Joint come out Two Side Branches, the lower part of zerland, and in the mountainous Parts of Germany, from
which are garniſhed with the ſame Kind of Leaves, but whence the Roots are brought to England for medicinal
are terminated by looſe Spikes of yellow Flowers, as is Uſe; there is a compound Water, and an Extract made
repreſented at B; each Flower is divided into Four Parts, of them. The Root of the Gentian is alſo one of the
as is ſhewn at a. Theſe have an Empalement of One principal Ingredients in Bitters; and is frequently ufed
Leaf, cut into Four Segments, as at b; which afterward in many Diforders.
becomes a dry Fruit, compoſed of Two Seeds, as is But a few Years ago, there was a Mixture of Henbane
ſhewn at c; and, when ſeparated, are ſhaped like a Half Roots brought over with Gentian, which was unhappily
Moon, as is ſhewn at d: And e repreſents the Germen, uſed, and occaſioned great Diſorders in the Perſons to
which is ſituated below the Empalement.
whom it was adminiſtered ; upon which, great Enquiry
ThePlant here repreſentedisthecommon Gallium luteum was then made to find out what that Root could be ;
of Baubinus, and other German Writers on Botany, but I fome ſuſpecting it to be the Root of Deadly Nightſhade,
am in Doubt of its being the ſame with that which grows and others believing it to be fome of the poiſonous um-
naturally in England: For this hath much firmer Stalks, belliferous Roots; but on comparing it with ſome dried
which are not ſo hairy, and riſes to double the Height, Roots of the Henbane, I found they were the ſame. We
in the Garden where they grow in the fame Soil and Si- have likewiſe an Account of the noxious Quality of theſe
tuation, and have continued ſo for Three Years; which Roots, printed in the Synopſis Stirpium llibernicarum,
is the whole Time I have had this Sort growing, which which was communicated to the author by Doctor Tbo-
I raiſed from Seeds ſent me from Germany : So that I mas Molyneux, Phyſician to the State. It was as follows:
ſuſpect, the Foreign Titles of Plants are very often im- The Dean of Clonfert was making ſome Alterations in
properly applied to thoſe of our own Growth, believing his Garden ; and, looking over his Workmen, he obfered
that their common Plants are the ſame with ours. them to dig up many Roots, which he took for Skirrels,
The yellow Ladies Bedſtraw is uſed in Medicine, and and therefore ordered ſome of them to be carried in and
is eſteemed good for ſtopping of Fluxes and Haemor- dreſſed for Dinner; which was accordingly done ; but
rhages, ſome commend a Decoction of the Herb for the all thoſe who eat of them were in a ſhort time ſeized
Gout. In Cheſhire, the People uſe it in their Runnet for with Dizzineſs in their Head, Sickneſs at the Stomach,
making of Cheeſe ; from whence it had the Appellation attended with an unuſual Heat and Drineſs in their
of Cheeſe-runnet. It flowers in July.
Throats ; and Two, who had earen a larger Share than
the reſt, loft the Uſe of their Reaſon and became deli-
rious, which continued for ſome Days. And as it ap-
Fig. 2. Gentiana, Tourn. Inf. R. H. 80. Tab. 40. peared evident, theſe Diſorders were occaſioned by the
Lin. Gen. Plant. 285, Gentian, or Felwort; in French, Roots, fo the Dean caufed ſome of them to be planted,
Gentiane.
that he might be affured what the Plant was whoſe
Roots had this bad Quality, and in the Spring, when
This Genus of Plants is ranged in the Third Section they put out their Leaves, they proved to be the Hen-
of Tournefort's Firſt Claſs, which includes the Herbs will bane, which has been noticed by old Writers to be pof-
a Bell-Shaped Flower of One Leaf, whoſe Peintal becomes a feffed of theſe Qualities. And as the Diſorders which
dry Capſule, wbicb in ſome bave but One, and others bave were occaſioned by theſe fuppoſed Gentian Roots, were
many Cells. Linnæus places it in the Second Section of nearly the fame, as is above related, ſo I thought it
his Fifth Claſs, intituled, Pentandria Digynia, from the might be of Uſe to inſert it here, to caution others
Flower having Five Stamina and Two Styles. againfteating of Roots which they are unacquainted with.
Num. XXIV.
Bb
PLATE

[94]
PL Α Τ Ε
A CXL.
GERANIUM, Lin. Gen. Plant. 746. Tourn. Inft. R. H. thick, fucculent, and of a lucid Green, being marked
266. Tab. 142. Craneſbill; in French, Bec de Grue. with a Spot in the Middle, and have an acid Taſte:
Toward the upper Part of the Branches come out the
HIS Genus of Plants is ranged in the Second Footftalks of the Flowers, which are near fix Inches
T Section of Linnæus's Sixteenth Claſs, intituled, long, fuftaining at the Top Two, Three, Four, or Five
Monodelphia Decandria ; the Flowers of this Clafs have Flowers, growing in a Sort of Umbel
, each ſtanding on
the Stamina joined at their Bafe to a hollow Column, a ſeparate ſhorter Pedicle. Theſe are compoſed of Five
and thoſe of this section have Ten diſtinct Stamina at unequal Petals, repreſented at b; the Two upper being
the Top. Tournefort places it in the Sixth Section of broader than the under, and are of an incarnate red
his Sixth Claſs, which includes the Herbs with a Roſe Colour. Theſe have an Empalement of One Leaf, di-
Flower, whoſe Pointal turns to a Fruit compoſed of many vided into Five Parts almoſt to the Bottom, as is ſhewn
Cells.
at c and d; in the Center is ſituated the hollow Tube or
The Characters of this Genus are exhibited in The Column, to which are joined the Ten Stamina, with
Gardeners Diktionary.
the Style ariſing from the Middle, which is terminated
by Five reflexed Stigmas, as is repreſented at e. The
The Species here repreſented is,
Empalement afterward becomes a Capſule inclofing Five
Seeds, which have long Beaks joined together, as is
GERANIUM calycibus monophyllis, foliis quinquelobis inte- ſhewn at f; when the Seeds are ripe they open at the
gerrimis glabris peltatis, Hort. Cliff
. 345. Craneſbill Bottom, and continue joined to the Apex of the Style,
with an Empalement of One Leaſ, and Leaves having as repreſented at g; and afterward, by the fpiral Screw
Five Lobes, which are ſmooth, intire, and Target- of the Beak, twiſt, as repreſented at b'; when the Seeds
ſhaped. This is the Geranium Africanum foliis infe- are caſt off by the Elaſticity of the Screw to fome Dif-
rioribus afari, ſuperioribus ſtaphydis agria, maculatis tance ; and the Seeds, being the heavier Part, fall firſt
ſplendentibus, & acetoſe ſapore, Com. Rar. Pl. 52. to the Ground, and, by the turning of the Beak, are
African Craneſbill with under Leaves like Aſarabacca, forced into the Ground. a repreſents the Leaf with its
upper Leaves like Staves-acre, which are reſplendent, Five Lobes.
ſpotted, and taſte like Sorrel.
This Plant continues in Flower near Eight Months,
therefore is worthy of a Place in every good Green-
This Plant hath a round, ſlender, branching Stalk, houſe. It is eaſily propagated by Cuttings during any
which requires fome Support; this at firit is Green, but of the Summer Months, and it frequently perfects Seeds
afterward becomes Reddiſh; and, when older, turns to here ; but the other Method being the moft expeditious,
a dark Brown. The Joints are pretty far diftant, ſome- few Perſons trouble themſelves with fowing of the Seeds.
times Three or Four Inches ; at each of theſe come out It grows naturally at the Cape of Good Hope, and requires
Three or Four Leaves, ſtanding upon pretty long Foot- a good Greenhouſe in Winter ; but, in Summer, may
ftalks, which are joined to the Middle of the Leaves, be placed abroad in a ſheltered Situation. If the Branches
like thoſe of the Water Lily, which reſemble an antient are properly ſupported, they will riſe to the Height of
Target. The Leaves have Five roundiſh Lobes, are Three or Four Feet.
P L Α Τ Ε
CXLI.
T
GEUM, Tourn. Inft. R. H. 251. Tab. 129. Saxifraga, Lin. they are hairy and Green above, and pale on their under
Gen. Plant, 494. London Pride, or None-fo-pretty. Side; the Stalks riſe about a Foot high, which are hairy,
and divide above into ſeveral ſmall Branches, under each
HIS Genus of Plants is ranged in the Third of theſe is placed a ſingle Leaf; the Flowers are produced
Section of Tournefort's Sixth Claſs
, which includes in looſe Panicles at the End of the Branches : Theſe are
the Herbs with a Roſé Flower whoſe Pointal becomes a compoſed of five Petals which ſpread open, as is repre
Fruit, for the moſt part bicapſular. Doctor Linnæus has ſented at a, which are White, and ſpotted with Red, in
joined the Plants of this Genus to the Saxifrage, and the Center is placed the Style, with Ten Stamina fur-
ranges them in the Second Section of his Tenth Claſs, rounding it; Five lying on the Middle of the Petals,
intituled Decandria Digynia, the Flowers having Ten and Five between, as is ſhewn at b; theſe have an Em-
Stamina and Two Styles.
palement of One Leaf, divided into Five Parts, repre-
The Characters are exhibited in The Gardeners Dialio- ſented at c; which is permanent and furrounds the Ger-
nary, under the Article of Aretium.
men, and becomes a Fruit with Two Horns, repreſented
at d; which ſwells to a Capſule, ſhewn at e, opening
The Species here repreſented are,
into Two Parts, as at f; having Two Cells, repreſented
8
which are filled with ſmall Seeds, ſhewn at b.
Fig. 1. Geum rotundifolium majus, Tourn. Inft. R. H. 251. This Plant grows naturally on the Alps, and other
Greater round-leaved Geum, or ſpotted Sanicle. This mountainous Places, but is preſerved in Gardens for the
is the Saxifraga foliis caulinis reniformibus dentatis petio- Beauty of its Flowers, which appear in May and June.
latis, Lin. Sp. Plant. 403. Saxifrage with Kidney- It muſt have a moiſt Soil and a ſhady Situation.
ſhaped Leaves on the Stalks, which are indented and
ſtand on Footſtalks. Caſpar Baubin titles it, Sanicula Fig. 2. Geum folio ſubrotundo majori, piſtillo floris rubro,
montana rotundifolia major, Pin. 243. Greater round- Tourn Inft. R. H. 251. Geum with a larger roundiſh
leaved Mountain Sanicle.
Leaf, and a Red Pointal. This is the Sedum monta-
num ferratum guttato flore, Park. Tbeat. 738. Sawed
The lower Leaves of this Plant are almoſt round, re- Mountain Houſeleek with a ſpotted Flower, com-
ſembling thoſe of Golden Saxifrage, ſtanding upon long monly called None-fo-pretty, or London Pride.
Footſtalks, and are deeply divided on their Borders;
This
at

PL.CXL.
Hore CS
Geranium, calycibus monophyllis, foliis quinquelobis integerrimis glabris peltani
Poskod svarding as parlament by P. Miller Skary 28,1756.


PL. CXLI.
3
* 說
​Frig
ܬܵ ܐ ܬܵ ܛܼܲ
Figs
. Gu UM,rotimdipeluu mogao
Journ: Inft. R. H.251.
Siga. Gaum, folio fubrotundo mayori, pifcillo floris rubro Tourn. Inp. 251.
Pohl aunding as ao ge Partamone by Hilto Fobusy sê:1797



PL. CXLII.
Figt
Fig
. 2
C
a
2
G
9
b
Figs
. GLADIOLUS
folis enfiformibus floribus majoribus distantibus
Figa. GLADIOLUS folus linearibus,floribus distantibus corollarum tube limbis longiore Lin.Sp.plant. 37.
Publishid according to ter of Parliament by P.Miller Feb 16.1797.

( 95 )
This Sort grows naturally on a Mountain in the ſented at b; which are of a pale Red, and marked with
County of Kerry in Ireland, but has been long cultivated many bloody Spots toward their Baſe. Theſe have Ten
in the Engliſh Gardens.
Stamina; Five ſpreading on the Petals, and Five lying
This Plant ſends out many Heads or Off-ſets com- between they are of a Fleſh Colour, and are terminated
poſed of flat roundiſh Leaves, ſpread open like a Roſe, by round Summits. The Petals are at firſt cloſed into
as at a; theſe continue Green all the Year. From the a round Head, as is repreſented at d, but afterward
Center of the Heads ariſe flender, hairy, branching Stalks ſpread open like a Roſe.
a Foot and a Half high, of a reddiſh Colour, dividing It flowers in May and June, at which time it makes a
into many Branches toward the Top, which ſuſtain looſe pretty Appearance. This requires a ſhady Situation,
Panicles of Flowers, compoſed of Five Petals, repre- and propagates very faſt by Off-ſets.
P L Α Τ Ε
CXLII.
GLADIOLUS, Lin. Gen. Plant. 55. Tourn. Inf. R. H. 365. when fully blown. It flowers in June, and the Seeds
Tab. 190. Cornflag, or, by fome, Foxglove ; in ripen in September. This has been fuppoſed only a Va-
French, Glaicul.
riety of the common Sort; but I have propagated both
by Seeds, but have never found them vary, ſo that I
T:
HIS Genus of Plants is ranged in the Firſt Sec-am convinced they are diſtinct Species.
tion of Linnæus's Third Claſs, intituled, Triandria
Monogynia, the Flower having Three Stamina and One Fig. 2. GLADIOLUS foliis linearibus floribus diftantibus,
Style. Tournefort places it in the Second Section of his corollarum tubo limbis longiore, Lin. Sp. Plant. 37. Corn-
Ninth Claſs, which includes the Herbs with a Lily Flower flag with narrow Leaves, Flowers growing diftant,
of One Leaf cut into Six Parts, whoſe Empalement becomes a and the Tube of the Flower longer than the Border
• Fruit.
of the Peral. This is the Gladiolus caule fimpliciffimo,
The Characters of this Genus are exhibited in the foliis linearibus, fioribus alternis, Prod. Leyd. 19. Corn-
Gardeners Diâionary,
flag with a ſingle Stalk, very narrow Leaves, and
Flowers growing alternate.
The Species here repreſented are,
This Sort grows naturally at the Cape of Good Hope,
Fig. 1. Gladiolus foliis enſiformibus, floribus majoribus from whence I received the Seeds, which ſucceeded in the
diftantibus. Cornflag with Sword-ſhaped Leaves, and Chelſea Garden ; where the Plants annually produce their
larger Flowers ftanding diſtant. This is the Gladiolus beautiful Flowers.
major Byzantinus, C. B. P. 41. Greater Byzantine It hath a round, ſmooth, bulbous Root, marked a ;
Cornflag
which is covered with a thin dark-coloured Skin, from
which come out in the Autumn Two or Three very nar-
This Plant hath a large bulbous Root, which is com- row graffy Leaves, folded over each other at their Bafe,
preſſed and covered with a Ruffet Skin when dry, but is but open flat above; theſe riſe near Two Feet high.
of an herbaceous Colour in the Summer when growing, In the Spring of the Year ariſes a ſingle Stalk from be-
and channelled, as is repreſented at a; from which tween the Leaves, about Two Feet long, which always
arife long, flar, Sword-ſhaped Leaves, which are fur- bend on one side, as is here repreſented in the Figure.
rowed and inſerted into one another, and embrace the Toward the upper Part of this come out Two or
Stalk, which comes out from between them: This rifes Three Flowers, ranged on one side of the Stalk, ſtand-
about Three Feet high, and is terminated by Five or ing upright, each having a narrow Spatha, or Hood,
Six Flowers, which are above each other at Diſtances and long ſlender Tubes, which ſwell large upward ; and
on one side of the Stalk; each coming out of a Spatha, are divided into Six Parts, which are nearly equal. The
or Hood, repreſented at ó, which dries and ſurrounds Colour of the Flower is a duſky Yellow, and each Seg.
ment of the Petal has a rhomboidal Mark of a dark
the Capſule after the Flower is paſt. The Flower con-
fifts of One Petal, being joined at the Bottom; but is Red: Afterward the Tube of the Flower opens, and
cut into Six Parts, which are difpofed fomewhat like a the deep Diviſion of the Petals is ſeen, as repreſented
Lip Flower; the upper Segment d, being much larger at b; and the Three Stamina, with their Summits, ap-
than the reſt, which are fituated below as ate; to the pear, as at ez attended by the Style with its trifid Stig-
upper Lip, or Segment, are joined Three Stamina, which ma, as ate, ariſing from the Germen d. This Plant
are terminated by long upright Summits; theſe are flowers in May and June. As this Plant is the Native of
joined at their Baſe to the Style, which ſupports a trifid a warm Country, ſo it requires Protection from the Froſt
Stigma. The Germen, which is ſituated below the in Winter; therefore the Bulbs ſhould be planted in
Flower, afterward becomes an oblong, ſwelling, blunt, Pors filled with light Earth, and placed in the Green-
three-cornered Capſule, marked e; which hath Three houſe in Winter ; or, where there is not fuch Conve-
Cells, repreſented at J, and opens in Three Parts, being niency, they may be put under a Hot-bed Frame in
filled with roundiſh Seeds, as is ſhewn at g: The Co Winter; where they may have Air in mild Weather,
lour of this Flower is a dark deep Red, inclining to and be ſcreened from the Froft. In ſuch Situations i
Purple; and, being large, makes a fine Appearance have had them thrive and flower very well.
PLATE

[96]
la banda
Moai
Satsiood and
at
ons
hotel
bo
P L Α Τ Ε
CXLIII.
GLAUCIUM, Tourn. Inft. R. H. 254. Tab. 130. Cheli- Borom of the Leaves, as is repreſented at a ; theſe are
donium, Lin. Gen. Plant. 572. Horned Poppy. compoſed of Five broad obtule Petals, which are of a
dark Scarlet Colour, and ſoon fall off. In the Center of
T Section of Tournefort's Sixth Claſs, which includes ſupports a bifid Stigma, as is repreſented at b; this is
the Herbs with a Roſe Flower whoſe Pointal turns to a attended by a great Number of ſhort Stamina, termi-
Fruit
, for the moſt part having Two Cells
. Doctor Linnæus nated by obcuſe Summits, as repreſented at c: The Ger-
joins this Genus to the Chelidonium majus, and places it in men afterward becomes a long taper Pod, marked d, on
the Firſt Section of his Thirteenth Claſs, intituled, Poly, the Apex of which the bifid Stigma e remains, ficting
andria Monogynia, the Flower having many Stamina and on the middle Partition, which divides the Pod into Two
a fingle Style. The Characters are exhibited in the Cells, as is ſhewn at f, which are filled with ſmall Seeds,
Gardeners Diftionary.
repreſented at g. The Flower hath an Empalement
compoſed of Two hollow Leaves, which are cloſely ſet
The Species here repreſented is,
with ſhort Prickles, repreſented at b; this falls away when
the Flower is expanded. It flowers in June and July, and
GLAUCIUM birſutum flore phænicio, Tourn. Inft
. 254. the Seeds ripen in Autumn. As the Flowers of this Plant
Hairy Glaucium with a Scarlet Flower. This is the are but of ſhort Duration, ſo they do not make any confi-
Chelidoniumpedunculis unifloris, foliis feffilibus pinnatifidis, derable Figure ; but the Foliage of the Plant is
very
caule hiſpido, Lin. Sp. Plant. 506. Celandine with One gant, and might be introduced by way of Ornament to
Flower on each Footſtalk, many pointed winged Furniture with great Advantage, being very pictureſque.
Leaves fet cloſe to the Stalks, and a rough Stalk. It may alſo be wrought into Patterns for Silks, and painted
Caſpar Baubin titles it, Papaver corniculatum phenicium upon Porcelane, where it would have a very good Effect.
hirſutum, Pin. 171. Hairy Scarlet Horned Poppy. If the Seeds of this Plant are fown in the Autumn, they
will more certainly grow than thoſe which are fown in
This is an annual Plant, which grows naturally in the Spring; which frequently in dry Seaſons do not come
Spain, Italy, and ſome parts of Germany, from whence up the fame Year, or at leaſt not before the Autumn ;
the Seeds have been brought to England. The Leaves whereas thoſe ſown in the Autumn frequently come up
of it are deeply jagged and hairy, of a pale Green, and ſoon after, or, if not at that Seafon, do not fail coming
grow cloſe to the Stalks; thoſe at the Bottom lie on the up in the Spring; and theſe Plants come early to flower,
Ground, and are broader than thoſe above. The Stalks ſo that good Seeds may be always obtained from them.
a Foot and Half high, having a ſingle jagged Leaf They ſhould be fown where the plants are to remain ;
placed at each Joint ; theſe have many Diviſions from and they will require no other Care but to thin them
the Origin to the Point, which is extended longer than where they are too cloſe, and keep them clean from
the lower Leaves. The Flowers come out from the Weeds.
ele-
P L A T E
CXLIV.
HELIOTROPIUM, Tourn. Inft. R. H. 138. Lin. Gen. oval Spear-ſhaped Leaves, which come out without
Plant. 164. Turnfole, or Heliotrope ; in French, Order; theſe are about Three Inches long and One and
Herbe aux Verrues.
a Half Broad in the Middle, of a light Green, ſoft, and
covered with very ſmall Hairs: The upper Part of the
HIS Genus of Plants is ranged in the Fourth Stalks have a few ſmaller Leaves of the fame Form, and
TH
Section of Tournefort's Second Claſs, which in- the Branches are terminated by looſe Panicles of Flowers,
cludes the Herbs with a Bell or Wheel-fhaped Flower of One which are ranged in ſhort reflexed Spikes, growing in
Leaf, whoſe Pointal is ſituated between Four Germina, wbich Cluſters. The Flowers are tubulous, of One Petal, which
become ſo many Seeds incloſed in the Empalement. Linnæus ſpreads open at the Top, where it is ſlightly indented in
places it in the Firſt Section of his Fifth Claſs, intituled, Five Parts : Theſe have permanent Empalements of One
Pentandria Monogynia, the Flower having Five Stamina Leaf, having a ſhort Tube, repreſented at a; which is
and One Style. The Characters of this Genus are ex- little more than a Third of the Length of the Tube of
hibited in the Gardeners Dillionary.
the Petal, marked b; in each Flower is ſituated Five
Stamina, repreſented at c; the upper part of the Petal
The Species here repreſented is,
ſpreads flat like the Wheel-ſhaped Flowers, as is ſhewn
at d: The Flower, with its Tube taken out of the Em-
HELIOTROPIUM foliis ovato-lanceolatis, Spicis plurimis palement, is repreſented at e; and the ſhort Empalement
confertis, caule fruticoſo. Heliotrope, or Turnſole, with is ſhewn at f; this, opened, is repreſented at g; and b
oval Spear-ſhaped Leaves, many Spikes of Flowers in thews the Four Germina, which are ſituated round the
Cluſters, and a fhrubby Stalk,
Style, and afterward become ſo many Seeds, marked i.
The Flowers are of a pale Blue, and have a muſky Odour.
This Shrub grows naturally in Peru, from whence the This being a Native of a warm Country, requires Pro-
Seeds were fent to Paris by the younger De Juffieu. The tection from the Cold of our Winters in England; but
Seeds of it were ſent me from the curious Garden of is ſo hardy as to thrive in the open Air in Summer, if
Duke D' Ayen at St. Germain, which have ſucceeded in placed in a ſheltered Situation ; and, in Winter, will live
the Chelſea Garden ; where the Plants have flowered, and in a good Greenhouſe without any artificial Heat; and
ripened their Seeds, for ſome Years paſt.
as it continues flowering moft Part of the Year, fo it is
This riſes with a ligneous Stalk to the Height of worthy of a Place in every Garden where there is Con-
Three or Four Feet, dividing upward into ſeveral ſmaller veniency for keeping it. This is propagated by Seeds.
Branches, which are garniſhed their whole Length with
PLATE

P7.12.11
GLAUCIUM hirfutum flor Phenico Surn Inp. R H 254 .
Panevad writing as ant of Partiamme ty 7. Mir Sabwary 18. 1987.


PL. CILIK
HELIOTROPIUM. folis ovato - lanceolatis, fpicis plarimis confertis caule fruticoso.
Pateikt wording trade of Parliament by P Minor Suhuary 18, 20



PL.CXLI.
HELLEBORINE, Americana radice tuberoja, foliis longis angustis caule nudo floribus av rubro
pallide purpurafcentibus Mart. Cent. 50.
Published dawiting * Autof Parliament by P. Miller March the


Pl. CXLVI.
Figd
Fig.2.
G
a
с
Fig.)
, HIERACIUM montanum tomentofum H.R.Bled.
Fig.2. Hieracium
incanum lanuginofum Ragufinum , piloſelle flore A. L. 673.
Proké sourding to Ass of Parliament by P. Miller March 311757 -

[ 97 ]
PLATE
CXLV.
T
HELLEBORINE, Tourn. Inft. R. H. 436. Tab. 249. Li Thands; and alſo from Jamaica, where the late Doctor
modorum, Lin. Gen. Plant. 904. Baftard Hellebore; in Houſtuun found it growing plentifully on the Mountains ;
French, Elleborine,
ſo that it is a Native of all thoſe Countries.
It hath a tuberous Root, which is of a yellowiſh Co-
HIS Genus of Plants is ranged in the Third lour, covered with a rough brown Skin, and is com-
Section of Tournefort's Eleventh Claſs, which prefied at the Top and Bottom. The Leaves come out
includes the Herbs with a polypetalous ano- from the upper part of the Root, which, in large full-
malous Flower, whoſe Empalement becomes the Fruit. grown Roots, are commonly Four. Theſe are Nine or
Linnæus places it in the Firſt Section of his Twentieth Ten Inches long, near Three Quarters of an Inch broad
Claſs, intituled, Gynandria Diandria. The Flowers of in the Middle, being contracted at both Ends, and ter-
this Section have only Two Stamina, which are joined minating in Points. They have Five longitudinal Fur-
to the Style. The particular Characters of this Genus rows, ſomewhat like the young Leaves of Palms. Theſe
are exhibited in the Gardeners Di&lionary.
come out in the Spring, and decay in the Autumn. The
Flower-Stalk arifes on one side of the Leaves, immedi-
The Species here repreſented is,
ately from the Root; and is naked, taper, and riſes a
Foot and half high; the upper Part terminating with a
HELLEBORINE Americana, radice tuberoſa foliis longis long looſe Spike of Flowers of a reddiſh purple Colour,
anguſtis, caule nudo, floribus ex rubro pallide purpuraf- compoſed of six diffimilar Petals, repreſented at a and
centibus, Martyn. Cent. Pl. 50. American Baſtard Helle- b: Five of which are placed orbicularly, and the lower
bore, with a tuberous Root, long narrow Leaves, a one is hollowed like a Gutter. The Empalement after-
naked Stalk, and Flowers from a red to a pale pur- wards becomes a Fruit, d, opening with Two Valves,
pliſh Colour. This is the Helleborine purpurea, tube- c and e; and ſome few of the Fruit were lengthened in
roja radice, Plum. Cat. 9. Purple Helleborine, with a the manner as is repreſented at f. This Plant Alowers in
tuberous Root, and the Limodorum, Prod. Leyd. 16. June and July, and the Seed ſometimes ripen in the
Autumn.
This Plant grows naturally in America. I have re- Although this Plant is found growing naturally in fe-
ceived the Roots of this from Penſylvania, which were veral Parts of North America, yet it will not thrive in
fent me by Mr. John Bartram, and from the Bahama England, unleſs it is kept in the Stove,
Ρ Α Τ Ε E
CXLVI.
T
HIERACIUM, Tourn. Inf. R. H. 469. Tab. 267. Andryala, at a: Theſe lie near the Ground, and between them
Lin. Gen. Plant. 820. Hawkweed.
riſes a branching Stalk near Two Feet high, which hath
a ſingle Leaf at each Joint, of the fame Form with the
HIS Genus of Plants is ranged in the Firſt Sec- lower, but are leſs as they advance toward the Top, as is
tion Tournefort's Thirteenth Claſs, which in repreſented at b. The Flowers terminate the Stalks ;
cludes the Herbs with femiflofcular Flowers, whoſe Seeds theſe are compoſed of ſeveral hermaphrodite Florets, as
have Down.
is ſhewn at c; which are included in a common ſcaly
Linnæus places it in the Firſt Section of his Nine- Empalement, repreſented at d and e. The Florets are
teenth Claſs, intituled, Syngeneſia Polygamia Æqualis. tubular below, and fit upon a common downy Placenta,
The Flowers of this Section are compoſed of herma- as is repreſented at f. Each of theſe have a ſingle Seed
phrodite Florets, which are fruitful.
crowned with Down.
The Plant is biennial, it flowers in June, and the Seeds
The Species here repreſented are,
ripen in Auguft.
Fig. 1. Hieracium montanum tomentofum, Mor. H. R. Fig. 2. Hieracium incanum lanuginofum Ragufinum,
Blaſ, Woolly Mountain Hawkweed.
piloſella flore. H. L. 673. Hoary woolly Hawkweed
of Raguſa, with a Flower of Mouſe ear. This is the
The Seeds of this Plant were fent me from the Royal ANDRYALA foliis dentate-bajtatis, Lin. Sp. Plant. 808.
Garden at Paris by Doctor Bernard de Jeffieu, Demon- Andryala with Spear-ſhaped indented Leaves.
ftrator of the Plants. This hath a thick fibrous Root,
which fends out many broad obtufe woolly Leaves, which This Plant hath a perennial Root, which will creep
are irregularly indented on the Edges, as is repreſented under the Surface of the Ground, and multiply. The
NUMB. XXV.
Cc
lower

[ 98]
lower Leaves are about Four Inches long, and little more Every Part of this Plant is very hoary, fo it makes a
than half an Inch broad, very hoary, and indented or pretty Variety when intermixed with Plants whofe
finuated on their Edges, ending in acute Points. From Leaves are green : It flowers in June and July; but un-
the Root come out ſeveral weak Stalks, which riſe about leſs the Autumn is warm and dry, the Seed will not ripen
Nine Inches high, dividing toward the Top into Two in this Country; nor will the Plant live abroad in the
or Three ſmaller Branches; theſe are garniſhed with Winter, unleſs they are planted in a dry Soil, and a
ſmall Leaves at each Joint, which are almoſt intire. warm Situation.
The Stalks are terminated by yellow Flowers compoſed The Seeds of this Plant were ſent me by Robert More,
of ſeveral Florets, which are hermaphrodite, their lower Efq; from Spain, where he found the Plant growing na-
Part being tubular and cylindrical, but the upper Part turally: And fince I have received ſome of the Seeds
is plain, ſpread open, and is cut into Three Parts. There from the Cape of Good Hope, where I am affured it grows
are ſeveral of theſe Florets included in one common wild; and I alſo have received it from Algiers; ſo that
fcaly Empalement, and each of them is fucceeded by a it is found in ſeveral Countries.
fingle Seed crowned with Down.
100
u bai bapast eft to a 5 H
dainavole
ons polo obi
tomto
isod
pinoy
P L Α Τ Ε
CXLVII.
,
HIERACIUM medio nigrum Bæticum majus, Par. Bat. 185. ſingle Leaf, which is intire and obtuſe. The Stalks are
Greater Hawkweed of Bolia, with a black Middle to terminated by yellow Flowers, with a black Middle ;
the Flower
theſe are compoſed of many hermaphrodite Florets,
which are included in a briftly ſcaly Empalement, ſur-
TH
HIS Plant grows naturally in ſeveral Parts of rounded by an Involucrum, which is longer than the
Spain, from whence the Seeds have been brought Rays of the Flower.
to moſt of the curious Gardens in Holland and England; There are Two or Three Varieties of this Plant, dif-
but of late Years it has been generally propagated in fering in the Colour of their Flowers ; one is yellow,
moſt of the Pleaſure Gardens near London. This is an with a black Bottom; the other is of a Sulphur-Colour,
annual Plant, which periſhes in the Autumn, ſoon after with a black Bottom; and the Third is white, with the
the Seeds are ripe ; which if permitted to ſcatter, the fame Bottom or Middle. But theſe are generally fup-
Plants will come up without farther Care.
poſed to be feminal Variations.
The lower Leaves of this Plant are near Six Inches Doctor Linnæus hath not enumerated this Plant in his
long, and are regularly finuated on their Edges, as Species Plantarum ; which may be accounted for, by his
is repreſented at a; theſe are of a pale Green, and ſuppoſing it to be the ſame as the Hieracium calyce bar-
ſpread near the Ground. Between the Leaves come out bato of Fabius Columna ; which he has ranged under his
One or Two branching Stalks, which riſe upward of Genus of Crepis. But theſe are Two very different
Two Feet high; and at each Joint are garniſhed with a Plants, which never vary from Seeds.
IVIC
10
PL Α Τ Ε
CXLVIII.
T
HYACINTHUS, Tourn. Inft. R. H. 344. Tab. 180. Lin. Variety of theſe Flowers, yet there are ſeveral diftinct
Gen. Plant. 385. Hyacinth ; in French, Jacinte. Species among thoſe, which never alter from one to the
other; therefore ſhould not have been omitted in the
HIS Genus of Plants is ranged in the Firſt Sec- Liſt of Linnæus's Species.
tion of Linnæus's Sixth Claſs, intituled, Hexan- The Plant here repreſented is a Variety, which by
dria Monogynia ; the Flower having Six Stamina, and Culture has been raiſed to the Perfection in which it ap-
One Style.
pears, from the Seeds of one of the Eaſtern Kind with
Tournefort places it in the Firſt Section of his Ninth fingle Flowers; and by the Multiplicity of its Petals,
Claſs, which includes the Herbs with a Lilly Flower of all the Organs of Generation are loft, ſo that it can con-
One Petal, cut into Six Parts, whoſe Pointal becomes vey no Idea of the Characters belonging to the Genus.
the Fruit. Linnæus joins to this Genus, the Muſcari of But as many of our Purchaſers have requeſted we would
Tournefort ; and has greatly retrenched the Number of exhibit thé Figures of ſome of the moſt beautiful
Species, in which he has proceeded too far: For, altho' Flowers in the Courſe of our Work, we have choſen this,
Tournefort and Boerhaave have enumerated too great as being one of the fineſt Flowers of this kind we have
yet

PL CIVII
HIERACIUM medio migrum
Baticum majus
majus Par. Bat, 183,
Polluted amording to that of Portsmoue by P Alor March


PU. CYLVIII
HYACINTHU S, Orientalis, flore plenißimo alto, entus elegantor rofeo ke purpureo variegato,
Podsex aunting as partirement by P. Mitov, Maroko 30.1787.



PL.CXLIX
6 oll
HYOSCYAMUS, major albo fimilis umbilico floris virenti • Fasien
Pistisked according to Met of Parliament by P. Miller March 311757-

( 99 )
yet feen; but the Title which it bears among Floriſts lent, and of a deep Green. The Flowers come out on
we do not know, nor is it very material. Since many every Side the Stalk, rifing above each other in Form
of thefe Flowers have ſeveral Denominations in different of a Pyramid, each ſtanding on a ſhort diſtinct Foot-
Countries, ſo we have given it the following Title: ftalk; theſe are naked, having no Empalement ; but
the Petals are cloſed at the Bottom, in a fort of Tube,
HYACINTHUS Orientalis, flore pleniffimo albo intus elegan- but ſpread open at the Top, where they are as large and
ter rofeo & purpurto variegato. Eaſtern Hyacinth, double as ſmall Roſes : The Ground of the Flower is
with a very double white Flower, whoſe Inſide is ele- white; but on the Inſide it is curiouſly variegated with
gantly variegated with a Roſe and purple Colour, Roſe-colour and Purple: So that a more beautiful
Flower can ſcarce be ſeen than this. It flowers in April;
The Root of this Flower is tuberous, round, and co- and if it is ſcreened from the Sun in the Heat of the
wered with a purple Skin ; the Leaves are near a Foot Day, and alſo from Rain and Froſt, if any ſhould hap-
long, an Inch broad, and very fucculent. The Stalk pen at the Time of its flowering, it may be preſerved in
rifes about Fourteen Inches high, is very thick at Bor- Beauty near a Month.
tom, leflening all the way to the Top: It is very fuccu-
P L Α Τ Ε
; A T E CXLIX.
HYOSCYAMUS, Lin. Gen. Plant. 219. Tourn. Inft. R. other Sort will frequently live Two Years. The lower
H. 117. Tab. 42. Henbane; in French, Fuſquiame. Leaves of this are ſhorter and rounder, and have but
few Indentures, which are very obtufe ; they are covered
HIS Genus of Plants is ranged in the Firſt Sec. with ſhort ſoft Hairs; the Stalk riſes near Two Feet
tion of Linnæus's Fifth Claſs, intituled, Pentan- high, ſending out a few Side-branches, which are alſo
dria Monogynia, the Flower having Five Stamina and hairy, and are garniſhed with oblong Leaves, having
One Style. Tournefort places it in the Firſt Section of ſeveral obtuſe Indentures on their Sides, and ſtand upon
his Second Claſs, which includes the Herbs with a Fun- fhort Footſtalks: Theſe are very ſoft, thick, and fuc-
nel-ſhaped Flower of One Leaf, whoſe Pointal becomes culent. The Flowers are produced at the End of the
the Fruit.
Stalk and Branches, fitting very cloſe in Cluſters, with-
out any Footſtalk. Theſe have but One Petal, whoſe
The Species here repreſented is,
Bottom is tubulous, but is cut into Five Parts, as is
repreſented at a; the upper Segment being larger than
HYOSCYAMUS major albo fimilis, umbilico floris virenti, the others, they are all obtufe. The Empalement of
Yuffieu. Greater Henbane, like the white, with a the Flower c is Funnel ſhaped, and is cut at the Top
green Bottom to the Flower.
into Five acute Segments. In the Centre is ſituated
the Germen, ſupporting a ſlender Style, crowned by a
The Seeds of this Plant were ſent by Doctor Juffieu to round Stigma, as is repreſented at d. The Germen
the Chelſea Garden ; but no mention of the Country afterward becomes a Fruit, as is ſhewn at b, incloſed
where it grows naturally, came with it. This is gene- in the Empalement, and is ſhaped like a Pot, with a
rally taken for the true White Henbane of the Antients, Lid or Cover repreſented at e; having Two Cells, as is
the Seeds being whiter than thoſe of any other Species, ſhewn at f, divided by a longitudinal Partition, repre-
and the Plant
agrees to the deſcriptive Title given by fented at g. Theſe are filled with ſmall roundiſh Seeds
Doctor Linnæus to the White Henbane of Caſpar Baubin; adhering to the Placenta. The Roots, and every Part
which is, Hyoſcyamus foliis petiolatis, floribus feffilibus, Hort of our common Black Henbane, are ſuppoſed to have a
Cliff. 56. Henbane with Leaves having Foot talks, poiſonous Quality; the bad Effects of the Roots have
and Flowers fitting clofe to the Branches. But there is been already mentioned under the Article Gentiana ; and
another Species which approaches near to this, whoſe an Account of ſome Children which were poiſoned by
Flowers have a black Bottom, and may have probably eating of the Seeds a few Years fince, is publiſhed in
been confounded with this, by ſuppoſing them to be the the Gardeners Di&tionary. But we have no Account of
fame Species. But I have cultivated both near Thirty any noxious Quality in this W bite Henbane, nor has it
Years, and have never obſerved either to vary : For fo offenſive a Scent as the black; fo that when the Seeds
they do not only differ in the Colour of their Flowers, are ordered for medicinal Uſe, it ſhould be thoſe of the
but their Leaves are very different, and the Plants are white, and not the black : But as the white is not a Na-
alſo different in their Growth. This is an annual Plant, tive of this Country, the Seeds of the black are more
which periſhes foon after the Seeds are ripe, whereas the commonly uſed.
PLATE

[ 100 )
TD
rodite
va bola
delo
PLAT E
Ε
CL.
HypeCOON, Tourn. Inft. R. H. 230. Tab. 115. Hype- are produced at the End of the Branches; theſe are yel-
coum, Lin. Gen. Plant. 157.
low, and compoſed of Four jagged Petals, which are
divided into Three Parts, as is repreſented at a, b, c,
HIS Genus of Plants is ranged in the Fifth and d, of unequal Size and Shape; theſe fit in the Em-
T!
Section of Tournefort's Fifth Clafs
, which in- palement e, out of whoſe Centre arifes the double Style
cludes the Herbs with a Croſs-ſhaped Flower, whoſe f, which afterward become a jointed bending Pod, as
Pointal becomes a jointed Pod. Doctor Linnæus places is ſhewn at g, One of which Joints is repreſented at b,
it in the Second Section of his Fourth Clafs, intituled, which is ſplit longitudinally at i, to hew the Seed
Tetrandria Digynia ; the Flower having Four Stamina, lodged therein, which is Kidney-ſhaped, and repre-
and Two Styles.
ſented at k.
This Plant flowers in June, and the Seeds ripen in
The Species here repreſented are,
Auguft. If the Seeds of this Plant are not fown in the
Autumn, they will not grow the Firſt Year.
Fig. 1. Hypecoon latiore folio, Tourn. Inft. R. H. 230.
Hypecoon with a broader Leaf. This is the Hypecoum Fig. 2. Hypecoon tenuiore folio, Inſt
. R. H. 231. Nar-
filiquis arcuatis compreſis articulatis, Hort. Upfal. 31. row-leaved Hypecoon. This is the Hypecoum filiquis
Hypecoum with arched compreſſed Pods, which are cernuis teretibus cylindricis Hort. Upfal. 31. Hypecoum
jointed. John Baubin titles it Hypecoum filiquofum, with taper cylindrical Pods, which hang downward.
Hiſt. 2. 899. Podded Hypecoum.
It is alſo called by Lobel, Cuminum fylveftre filiquofum.
Wild podded Cumin.
This is an annual Plant, which grows naturally in
the Hands of the Archipelago, and alſo in the South of This Sort hath very ſlender Stalks, which bend to the
France and Spain: It fends down a long taper Root into Ground, and are garniſhed with very narrow fine Leaves
the Ground, which hath many Fibres coming out the of a greyiſh Colour, like the former ; the Flowers are
whole Length. The Leaves near the Root are broad, very ſmall, of a pale Yellow, compoſed of Four Petals,
jagged, and ſpread on the Ground; between theſe ariſe which are Nightly indented. When the Flower decays,
the Stalks,
which are near a Foot long, branching toward the Style turns to a taper cylindrical Pod, not jointed as
the Top, and garniſhed with fine cut Leaves at the the former
. This grows naturally in the fame Coun-
Joints. The whole Plant is of a greyiſh Colour, and tries as the former, and flowers at the ſame time.
abounds with a yellow Juice like Celandine ; the Flowers
ta
PLATE

PL.CL
Figs.
c
Pigia
Figs. HYPE coon, latioro folio Tourn. Inst. R. H.250
Fig.2
. HYPR.coon, tuiore folio Tourn. Inst. RH: 231
Punt according one of Parliamene w Poor Marek 12: 797.




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