COOK CO CC CY KOT 106 TEK ( ROCCO a KK CE <a <<<< CO ( COCK TO CC Calc CKO CKO COCO CCCCCCCC C CCC CCCCCCCCCK C CAROLT C C CCCCCCCC OCCO COCO CCC COC < (((( KOG CCC COCO ( IRTUS William Lewis Matson. AMAI 八 O LUCEM ū 以 .) 定, CGC E ((( 3 (((((( CCCCCC 6.( (CC y CC AV (CO ☺ mousson כג 9 W-W NEWCOMB LIBRARY O O O s 3 CC COC > Museums OL 466 D 68 1813 v. 11-12 SECTION 18 THE NATURAL HISTORY OF BRITISH INSECTS; EXPLAINING THEM IN THEIR SEVERAL STATES, WITH THE PERIODS OF THEIR TRANSFORMATIONS, THEIR FOOD, CECONOMY, &c. TOGETHER WITH THE HISTORY OF SUCH MINUTE INSECTS AS REQUIRE INVESTIGATION BY THE MICROSCOPE. THE WHOLE ILLUSTRATED BY C O L OU RE D F I G U R E S, DESIGNED AND EXECUTED FROM LIVING SPECIMENS, , BY E. DON O V AN, F.L.S. V O L. XI. LONDON: PRINTED FOR THE AUTHOR, And for F. C. and J. RIVINGTON, Nº 62, ST. PAUL'S CHURCH-YARD. MDCCCVI. Museum “ w.wnewcomb Bequest ADVERTISEMENT. a Langt-si-20 As a general hiſtory of the Entomological productions of Great Britain, this work has been long acknowledged the moft copious hitherto ſubmitted to the Public. The firſt part, compriſing no leſs than ten volumes, having already appeared in monthly numbers, the author does not con- ceive it in any reſpect incumbent on him to enlarge on its pretenſions to notice. Whatever may be its merits, the author mult, in candour, allow they have been am- ply appreciated by the liberality of that public, who, for the ſpace of ten years, were pleaſed to ſanction it with the beſt teſtimony of their approbation. The publication of this work has been ſome time diſcontinued, but the occaſion of this delay is ſufficiently known. The Author had then fulfilled his firſt engagements, ſo far as related to this work, and was unwilling to treſpaſs beyond the li- mits thoſe engagements preſcribed. --He ſtated, notwith- ſtanding, at the concluſion of the work, that no conſidera- tion ſhould permit him to entirely abandon his entomologi- cal purſuits : that his attention would be directed to a fei- ence in which the paſt indulgence of the public had induced him to believe he might yet be uſeful; and that, ſhould a number of new and valuable infects occur, they would be certainly added in a ſupplemental form to improve the former work. Since that period, the author has been led to conceive, his endeavours might not proye unacceptable in elucidating [vi] elucidating the frience of Britiſh Entomology, upon a ftill more extenſive ſcale than even this ſuggeſtion intimated; and it is under this idea, he once more ſolicits the at- tention of his former ſubſcribers and the public, in favour of a ſecond part of his original undertaking. a The object of the ten preceding volumes was avowedly to comprehend a ſelection only of the moſt beautiful, or otherwiſe particularly intereſting ſpecies of infeéts from all the various claffes, but more eſpecially from that of the Lepidopterous tribes; more was not promiſed, and could not have been expected. When, therefore, the author ventures to extend the limits of his original deſign, the motives for it ſhould be unequivocally ſtated. It is not upon the addition merely of a few ſelect fubjects omitted in the former work, either in a ſupplemental, or any other form, that he now conceives he ought to reft his claims to further notice, but by declaring what it is his intention to fulfil; that the future volumes, with the preceding, ſhall compriſe, collectively, a general hiſtory, and elucidation in appropriate defcriptions, and figures, of the whole ENTO- MOLOGIA BRITANNICA, ſo far as his own cabinet, , and the obliging communications of his friends will permit. —And here the author begs leave to ſtate, that the time elapſed ſince the concluſion of the former part of the work has been employed in a manner beſt calculated to give effect to this deſign. Independently of many valu- able acquiſitions collected by himſelf and various friends in remote parts of the kingdom, he has the fatisfaction to obſerve, that two entire cabinets, of eminent celebrity, have been lately added to that which he before poffefſed. The [ vii ] The firſt of thoſe collections is of the utmoſt conſe- quence to the ſcientific Entomologiſt, as muſt be ad- mitted, when it is obſerved to be the genuine cabinet of Britiſh Infects, formed by the late Mr. D. Drury, the patron of Harris, and father, as he may be truly deemed, of practical Entomology in this country :-a cabinet, the reſult of thirty years, induſtriouſly and moſt ardently de- voted to this purſuit, and combining the united informa- tion and diſcoveries of almoſt every other Engliſh Aure- lian for a long period of time.—And even after naming this, perhaps the firſt eſtabliſhed cabinet of any note in England, it will not appear trivial to mention the other, that of the late Mr. Green, of Weſtminſter, a collector well known to the practical Entomologiſts of the preſent day, as inferior to few, if any, in his zealous and perfe- vering attachment to this ſubject. The poſthumous la- bours of two or three other collectors might be likewiſe named, as at this time enriching the author's cabinet, and one eſpecially of Kentiſh Inſects, collected in the neigh- bourhood of Faverſham; but enough the author preſumes has been already faid, to prove that he has been no less ſucceſsful than affiduous, in availing himſelf of ſuch pre- eminent advantages, and that he has ultimately amaſſed to- gether, ſuch a collection of the Entomological productions of this country, as may enable him to render the con- tinuation of his Natural History of Britiſh Inſects ſo far reſpectable as to gratify every moderate ſhare of expec- tation. And laſtly, the author truſts, that in thus proceed- ing upon an enlarged and comprehenſive plan towards the elucidation of this pleaſing department of Britiſh Natural [ viji Natural Hiſtory, he will merit the liberal countenance, not only of every Entomologiſt, but of every friend to the purſuits of ſcience; and be enabled, through their kind communications, to bring forward and complete, a more copious, intereſting, and uſeful work, than can even now be anticipated. THE ALPHABETICAL TABLE OE CONTENTS. VOL. XI. TO VOL. XVI. ADIPPE, Papilio Plate Fig. ......448 Aegeria, Papilio ...181 Aenea, Libellula.... .....415 Agricola, Scarabæus ........390 1. albidana, Phalana ... .....377 2. angulata, Veſpa .....495 1. 1. anguftatus, Staphylinus......573 Apollo, Papilio .. ....433 arcuana, Phalana .....364 1. arcuata, Mufca .....424 2. arenaria, Ammophila ........468 2. argiolus, Papilio............481 Artaxerxes, Papilio..........541 Afiliformis, Sphinx..........384 atherix, Muſca .....549 atomarius, Boletaria ........538 2. atricilla, Chryſomela ........566 attaminatus, Scarabæus......417 aucta, Chryſomela ..........373 2. auricula, Phalana ..397 3. aurofignata, Phalæna........453 1 ... Bankſiana, Apis............403 2. Barbutella, Apis..... ........385 3. Berberata, Phalana ....471 betulana, Phalana..... 369 2 Plate. Fig. bifafciata, Cicada..........387 biguttata, Libellula ........449 biguttatus, Staphylinus ....573 2. bilineator, Ichneumon ......478 biliturana, Phalana ....... 371 %. bimaculana, Phalana ......459 bimaculatus, Hiſter ........525 bimaculatus, Sirex ........440 bimaculatus, Tillus ........411 %. bipuſtulata, Cantharis......528 2. bipuftulatus, Carabus ......516 bipuſtulatus, Staphylinus....532 bitaeniatus, Curculio........524 Blancardella, Phalæna......392 2. Blandina, Papilio..........426 bombycata, Phalana ......386 4. Boltonii, Libellula..........430 Braflicæ, Papilio.. ....446 Cameteriorum, Muſca ......401 2. Cærulea, Necydalis ........558 campeftris, Gryllus ........432 Cancellata, Libellula ......472 Cardui, Curculio • 512 Carolina, Sphinx ..........361 Caffinia, Phalana..........39 2. 02 ceplalotes CONTENTS. . Plate. Fig. cephalotes, Carabus..........484 Chi, Phalana .406 cimicoides, Naucoris........381 Cingulata, Muſca ..........465 Clavipes, Chalcis............373 collaris, Tenthredo ..........441 communifaſciata, Phalana ..456 complanatus, Carabus........488 contriftata, Phalæna ........510 converſaria, Phalana........514 coprinus, Scarabæus ........401 4. Coriarius, Cerambyx ........ 497 cornigera, Apis .... ....408 1. coftator, Ichreumon -.. ......478 Crabro, Veſpa..... ..502 Cramerella, Phalana: .......392 craboniformis, Sphinx........ 436 cratægi, Papilio.......... .454 crepitans, Carabus .........486 cribaria, Veſpa... .416 crux-major, Carabus ........477 2. - cuncata, Phalæna .. ....487 1. cupreus, Elater. ...508 cupreus, Carabus.... .....554 cyaneus, Elater ............535 , 1. cylindricum, Synodendrum ..368 10-maculata, Veſpa ........376 1. 30-notata, Chryſomela ......373 1. didymus, Curculio ..........570 dimidiana, Phalena ........364 2. dimidiatus, Carabus ........565 disjuncta, Apis.... ....410 domefticus, Gryllus..........409 dorſalis, Leptura.... ...395 1. Dromedarius, Sirex... 483 Druræi, Sphinx.. .469 Druriella, Apis 399 1. 12-puftulatus, Dytiſcus ......496 Plate. Fig. faſcelina, Phalana..........576 faſciata, Cantharis..........528 1. faſciata, Tenthredo ........398 faſciatus, Curculio..........414 3. faſciella, Phalana..........452 feftiva, Lampyris...........544 feſtiva, Muſca .... .....511 fimetarius, Scarabæus ......404 1. flavipes, Philanthus ........462 flavipes, Gryllus .........391 flavo-ſtrigata, Phalana......392 S. flexuoſa, Phalana..........412 floralis, Apis .376 5. forcipata, Libellula ........423 foſfor, Scarabæus .417 3. Friſchii, Scarabæus ........390 2. Fur, Ptinus .422 2. furcata, Notonecta ........360 fuſco-undata, Phalæna......386 3. geminana, Phalana........370 1. Geoffroyella, Apis..........376 3. gigantea, Forficula ........500 glabratus, Carabus ........506 globofus, Scarabæus........470 graminis, Chryſomela ......365 1. ..365 2. graminis, Phalæna..........538 grammica, Phalana ........450 Greenii, Scarabæus .......418 groffificationis, Muſca ...... 419 var. ••• hemipterus, Mufca ........429 Hermanni, Dytiſcus........501 1. hirſuta, Muſca ... .....490 hirtus, Staphylinus ..... .552 hortenfis, Scolopendra ......475 hottentotta, Muſca ........494 Hubnerella, Phalana ......382 2. humator, Silpha............537 1. hybridus, Staphylinus .....563 hypochəridis, Chryſomela ..373 3. elongatus, Staphylinus...... 573 3. eniarginella, Phalana.........392 3. ephippinn, Muſca..........559 exaratus, Curculio .......... 414 2. , inanis, CONTENTS. Plate. Fig. inanis, Muſca... ....490 1. impreſſus, Elater............535 2. inermis, Lucanus.. .400 inquiſitor, Carabus .. .....504 1. inſcriptata, Phalæna ........517 interrupta, Phryganea........551 intricatus, Carabus ..........526 iricolor, Apis ..403 1. Jacobæa, Apis..............408 2. Juvencus, Sirex .....396 Plate. Fig. melanurus, Attelabus ......513 mellifica, Apis. ....492 mendica, Phalana ........388 meridiana, Mufca..........471 .471 2. 2. meridianus, Cerambyx......435 2. miata, Phalana... ....472 2. miniftrana, Phalana........380 2. minor, Bombylius..........536 minutus, Cerambyx ........553 montana, Phryganea........548 1. mollis, Clerus ... .....411 1. Mooderi, Chryſomela ......569 mortuorum, Mufca ........507 mortuorum, Silpha ........537 2. multipunctatus, Boletaria....538 1. murinus, Dermeftes........515 muſcorum, Apis.. ....385 2. mutioa, Hiſpa .....575 myftacea, Mufca ..........471 1. 1. . .. lævigata, Apis.. ....421 2. lagopoda, Apis .442 lamed, Cerambyx .395 2. lapidaria, Apis.... ...385 1. leuconota, Phalana..........453 leucorhæus, Ichneumon......476 1. lineataria, Phalana..........485 1. 2. lineatus, Curculio .....389 2. literatus, Cerambux.. ....546 literata; Phalana .. nebulana, Phalana ........364 3. nebulofus, Cerambyx ......394 nemorum, Chryſomela......569 1. niger, Tabanus .. ....564 nigro-lineatus, Cimex ......473 notana, Phalæna .....369 S. .. .499 1. livida, Aranea...... • 127 1. longipes, Chryſomela........520 lubricipeda, Phalana........568 lunatus, Carabus............530 lunatus, Staphylinus ........532 1. . lundana, Phalæna .374 1. oblongo-guttata, Coccinella..362 1. obfcurana, Phalana........374 2. ochroſtoma, Apis ..........421 3. octo-punctata, Bembex......474 Oleagina, Phalæna ........439 omicronta, Phalana........510 ovis, Oeſtrus.. ....550 .. maculata, Muſca............455 1. inaculata, Notonecta........563 maculata, Phryganea........548 2. maculatus, Dytiſcus ........501 2. maderæ, Blatta ...457 Malvæ, Papilio .... 567 manicate, Apis .....489 margaritaria, Phalæna ......543 inarginata, Arenea ..........427 2. marginatus, Nemotelus ......519 2. marginatus, Staphylius ......532 2. maritimus, Curculio ........538 mediopunctaria, Phalana....461 melanocephalus, Carabus ....481 melanocephalus, Cimex......451 Papyratia, Phalæna........571 peciinataria, Phalæna ......479 1. pennipes, Avis .434 perſuaſorius, Ichneumon....522 petiolata, Conops ..........451 Phæorrhæus, Phalana......551 Phlæas, Papilio.. ..456 picipes, Apis........... .410 1. pictus, CONTENTS Plate. Fig. rupta, Phalana.... • 179 2 ruricola, Scarabæus ........378 Plate. Fig. pictus, Apis. ..... 413 pilicornis, Carabus..........467 1. piloſellæ, Papilio .....405 Pini, Curculio...... .....529 pluvialis, Muſca..... ..372 pompiliformis, Larra ........420 profanana, Phalæna ........377 3. Pruni, Papilio.... ....437 pulchella, Muſca............366 punctata, Apis..... .....376 4. punctulatus, Dytiſcus........540 Pyraftri, Muſca............401 1. quadrata, Veſpa ............495 2. 2. quadrafaſciata, Libellula ....425 quadrimaculata, Libellula ....407 quadripunctata, Phalana ....493 3. 3 quadripuſtulata, Phalana ....463 quadriftrigata, Muſca........467 2. 4-punctata, Coccinella ......542 3-puſtulatus, Elater..........545 Quercus, Papilio.... ....460 5-punctata, Coccinella ......572 quinqueguttata, Apis ...... ..438 fanguineus, Elater..........508 fanguineus, Cerambyx......553 ſanguinolenta, Leptura......557 ſcalaris, Cerambyx ........393 Scotica, Libellula..........523 ſemipunctatus, Carabus ....367 2. ſeptemnotata, Coccinella....362 3. ſericea, Muſca ....445 2. ſericea, Tenthredo .....402 ſex-cincta, Veſpa ..........455 figma, Noctua ... ....562 1. fignata, Apis... ....421 1. finuata, Silpha ... ....589 fordidus, Scarabeus ........404 2. -var. ...... 404 3. Sphacelatus, Scarabæus .... 417 %. Sphecoides, Apis ..........376 2. ſpirifex, Sphex ....531 ſtagnata, Phalana..........363 2. ſubocellana, Phalana ......380 1. ſubulatum, Acrydium .....521 ſuccincta, Tenthredo ......441 2. fulciroftris, Curculio........509 ſutor, Cerambyx ..........455 1. Sycophanta, Carabus ......477 1. fylvaticus, Scarabæus ......474 Rhediella, Phalana ........377 1. Ribeſcii, Muſca ....401 S. Roboraria, Phalana ........527 Toftratus, Carabus .... 504 2. rotundata, Maſca ....424 ruber, Curculio ...389 1. Rubi, Papilio ... ..443 rubra, Formica ....503 rubra, Pyrochroa... ....383 rubro-viridata, Phalana......485 3. Tufa, Formica ....497 ruficollis, Elater ............518 rufipes, Scarabæus ...... .....417 4. ruficornis, Chryſomela ......365 3. rufipes, Chryſomela ........365 4. rufus, Curculio ..... 389 3. rufus, Gryllus ... ..482 rumigerata, Phalana........493 2. tenax, Muſca..............574 teftaceata, Phalana ........487 tredecimpunctata, Coccinella 362 2. 13-maculata, Coccinella ....428 trifafciana, Phalana........370 triguttella, Phalæna........382 1. trimaculana, Phalana ......369 1. tripunctella, Phalena ......382 3. trinotata, Phalana..........499 triſtrigaria, Phalana........461 2. typicoides, Phalana........505 Vacca, Scarabeus..........561 V albana, Phalana .... .371 1. variegatis, CONTENTS. Plate. Fig. variegatis, Apis ....399 2. vay, Curculio.. ....414 1. venator, Cimex ... ..375 vernalis, Scarabæus..........547 1. verticalis, Pyralis ..........556 veſicatoria, Lytta............534 veſtalis, Apis .....464 vibrans, Muſca • 467 ... Plate. Fig. viridis, Tenthredo..........444 uliginofus, Nemotelus ......519 1. 11-punctata, Coccinella ....574 2. 24-punctata, Coccinella ....362 4. 5. urſularia, Phalana ........447 Zebu, Phalana.... 397 1. Printed by Law and Gilbert, St. John's-Square, London, 361 THE NATURAL HISTORY OF BRITISH INSECTS. PLATE CCCLXI. SPHINX CAROLINA. YELLOW SPOTTED UNICORN HAWK-MOTH, LEPIDOPTERA. GENERIC CHARACTER. Antennæ ſomewhat priſm-formed, and thickeſt in the middle: tongue moſt commonly exſerted: feelers two: wings deflected. SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Wings clouded, entire, pofterior margin dotted with white : ab- domen with five (or fix) pair of fulvous ſpots. SPHINX CAROLINA : alis integris omnibus margine poftico albo punctato, abdomnis ocellis fex parium fulvis. Lin. Syft. Nat. 2. 798. 7.—Muf. Lud. Ulr. 346.--Gmel. Linn. Syft. Nat. 2377.7. B SPHINX VOL. XI. 2 PLATE CCCLXI. Sphinx CAROLINA. Fabr. Ent. Syſt. T. 3. p. 1 p. 363. n. 25. Sphinx 5-MACULATUS, the yellow ſpotted UNICORN. Haw. Lep. Brit. 59. Sp. 3. . We are happy to embrace the preſent opportunity of preſenting our readers with a figure of this magnificent ſpecies of Hawk-Moth, as a new Britiſh Infect, upon the beſt and moſt unqueſtionable au- thority. We have a specimen of it among the Britiſh Sphinges, in the cabinet of the late Mr. Drury, now in our pofſeflion, with a manuſcript note affixed, informing us that this identical infect was taken in the neighbourhood of London, and brought to him alive ſome few years ago *. The figure accompanying this deſcription will afford a better idea of the beauty of this valuable acquiſition, than any words we can employ; it is repreſented preciſely in its natural ſize, and as nearly reſembling it in markings, and colours, as the fide- lity of the pencil will admit. When we ſay the figure of this inſect is ſubmitted for the firft time as a Britiſh fpecies, we wiſh to be underſtood as ſpeaking of the figure only, for the very ſpecimen under conſideration at this time has been already deſcribed as a Britiſh inſect, and the ſpecies itſelf is perfectly well known as an exotic, or extra-european kind, to moſt entomologiſts. It is this ſpecimen that Mr. Haworth mentions in his recent essay on the Lepidoptera of Great Britain, and upon the ſole authority of which he inſerted it in that work as a new Britiſh * The label alluded to, refers to two ſpecimens, namely, our preſent inſect, and one of Sphinx Convolvuli, both which are mentioned in the following words, in- fcribed in the hand-writing of Mr. Drury. « One of the above fpecies is certainly different from the Sph. Convolvulus. The difference is manifeſtly diſcernable. They were alive when firſt brought to me, one about the year 1776, the other 1788.”-It is obviouſly impoſſible to collect from the tenor of this memorandum, which of the two inſects he received firſt, but this we may reft perſuaded of, that he obtained the living fpecimen of our new Britiſh fpecies either in the year 1776, or 1788. Infect, P L A T E CCCLXI. 3 Inſect. We have, however, ftill further to obſerve, that although it was unique as Britiſh at the time Mr. Haworth deſcribed it from Mr. Drury's cabinet, it is not fo at preſent, another collector, as Mr. Haworth informs us, having captured a ſpecimen of it very lately in the vicinity of Little Chelſea, near which place it proves, upon pretty accurate information that Mr. Drury's fpecimen was alſo taken. Theſe are our authorities for conſidering the ſpecies as Britiſh, and of courſe as claiming a very diſtinguiſhed place in the preſent work, not leſs on account of its magnitude, than its beauty and rarity. That it is occaſionally found in Britain is fufficiently obvious, but there are circumſtances attending its hiſtory that leave fome doubts upon our mind, whether we ought not rather to conſider it as a natu- ralized ſpecies, than as an aborigine, at the ſame time that the abſo- lute impoffibility of deciding this doubtful particular muſt be ac- knowledged.-In America, we well know, it is far from uncommon, and being naturally a hardy ſpecies, there is at leaſt a poflibility of the parent ſtock of the Engliſh brood having been originally intro- duced into this country with the cargoes of fome American veſſels. This being the true Sphinx Carolina of Linnæus, an inſect ſo very clearly aſcertained both from the Linnean deſcription of and from the figure quoted in the works of Merian, we cannot avoid expreſſing ſome furpriſe, that Mr. Haworth, in his recent publica- tion above-mentioned, ſhould have deemed it altogether a new ſpecies. The circumſtance of Mr. Drury's fpecimen having only five pair of lateral ſpots on the abdomen, inſtead of fix as Linnæus remarks in ſpeaking of his Sphinx Carolina, may perhaps have led to this error; for in every other particular Linnæus is ſurely too expreſſive to be eaſily miſtaken. So far as relates to the number of thoſe yellow lateral ſpots, the Linnæan definition muſt be underſtood with ſome latitude, for Linnæus would certainly have been more correct in ſtating five ſpots on each ſide to be the uſual number, inſtead of fix. All the ſpecimens of Sphinx Carolina that have occurred to our own obſervation, have been uniformly marked with five pair of la- B 2 teral P L A T E CCCLXI. teral ſpots only, with the exception of one or two large females, in which there was a flight appearance of a fixth pair ; a few fulvous hairs appearing below the black band on each ſide the ſixth annulation of the abdomen. The larva of this inſect is green, with lateral ſpiracles on every ſegment, ſurrounded by a purple ring, and the caudal ſpine is of the ſame colour. According to Fabricius the larva feeds on the Tobacco plant: Mr. Abbot alſo confirms this fact in his hiſtory of the Infects of New Georgia, ſo that whatever it may ſubfift upon in this country, we muſt conclude the Tobacco plant to be its na- tural food. In America we are informed, that it is really diftinguiſhed by the name of Tobacco Moth, PLATE 362 5 5 2 3 2 4 4 [ 5 ] PL ATE CCCLXII FIG. I. I. COCCINELLA OBLONGO-GUTTATA. OBLONG-SPOTTED LADY COW. COLEOPTERA. GENERIC CHARACTER. Antennæ clavated, club ſolid : anterior feelers ſemicordated : thorax, and wing-caſes margined: body hemiſphærical : abdomen beneath black. SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Shells red; with lines and dots of white. COCCINELLA OBLONGO-GUTTATA: coleoptris rubris: lineis punc- tiſque albis. Linn. Syft. Nat. 584. 38.-Faun. Suec. 496.-Gmel. 1660. 38. COCCINELLA OBLONGO-GUTTATA. Fabr. Spec. Inf. I. 103.57.- Mant. I. 60.79.— Ent. Syft. I. p. 1. 296. 91. Marſh. Ent. Brit. T. 1. p. 162. Sp. 34. . Degeer, 5. 384. 19. Panz. Ent. Germ. 146. 50. Schaeff. Icon. t. 9. f. 10. This 6 P L A T E CCCLXII. This appears on the credit of moſt writers to be a rare infect. Our ſpecimen was taken in Kent. It is ſaid to inhabit the Pine, Pi- nus ſylvestris. We ſhould in particular obſerve that the prevailing or ground co- lour of the wing-caſes and thorax in our ſpecimen is not red as the ſpecies is uſually deſcribed, but rather of a light or teſtaceous brown, at the ſame time that its variegations of white marks and ſpots agree with the Linnæan deſcription of the inſect. The ſmaller infect at Figure I. is of the natural fize. FIG. II. II. COCCINELLA TREDECIM-PUNCTATA 13-DOT LADY COW. SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Shells yellow, or red, with thirteen black dots; body oblong. - COCCINELLA 13-PUNCTATA : coleoptris luteis : punctis nigris tredecim, corpore oblongo. Linn. Syft. Nat. 582. 20.-Fn. Suec. 481.-Gmel. Linn. Syft. Nat. 1653. 20.–Fabr. Syft. Ent. 83. 25.- Spec. Inf. I. 99. 38.-Mant. I. 58. 54.- Ent. Syft. I. p. 1. 279.61.---Marſh. Ent. Brit. T. I, p. 156. Sp. 19.- Panz. Ent. Germ. 139. 27.- Degeer. V. 375.9. La coccinelle rouge à treize points noir, et corcelet rouge à bande. Geoffr. Inf. I. p. 324. Sp. 7. Linnæus, . P L A T E CCCLXII. 7 Linnæus, and after him Fabricius, and ſeveral other writers, deſcribe this infect as having the ſuperior ſurface yellow with black ſpots. This is commonly the colour, but it alſo occurs pretty fre- quently of a reddiſh as well as yellow colour, and even ſometimes assumes a vermillion tint as brilliant as the common Lady Cow, Coccinella ſeptem-punctata. Geoffroy deſcribes it as being of a red co- lour. This kind is found among plants ; is ſaid to inhabit Armoracia. a FIG. III. COCCINELLA SEPTEM-NOTATA. SEVEN-DOT RED LADY COW. SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Oblong : wing caſes red with ſeven black ſpots on each : margin of the thorax and two dots white. COCCINELLA 7-NOTATA: oblonga coleoptris rubris: punctis fep- tem nigris, thoracis margine punctiſque duobus albis. Fabr. Ent. Syft. I.p. 1. 275. 43. Panz. Faun. Germ. 187. 20. Marſh. Ent. Brit. T. I. p. 153. Sp. 11. COCCINELLA MUTABILIS. Payk. Faun. Suec. 2. 39. 40. COCCINELLA CONSTELLATA. Laich. 121.6. An elegant ſpecies, and not very common. Its habitat unknown. This infect is evidently different from the Linnæan Coccinella 7-punc- tata, already figured in this work*, but to which it bears a remote reſemblance. * Brit. Inf. Pl. 39. f. 5. FIG, PLATE CCCLXII. FIG. IV. IV. V. V. COCCINELLA 24-PUNCTATA. 24-DOT RED LADY COW. SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Wing-caſes red, with twenty-four black ſpots. CoccinelLA 24-PUNCTATA : coleoptris rubris: punctis nigris vi- ginti quatuor. Linn. Syft. Nat. 583. 28.-Fn. Suec. 487.-Gmel. Linn. Syft. Nat. 1655. 28. COCCINELLA 24-PUNCTATA. Fabr. Syft. Ent. 84. 33.-Spec. Inf. I. 101. 47.—Mant. I. 59. 66.--Ent. Syft. I. p. 1. 281. 72. p Marſh. Ent. Brit. T. I. p. 159. Sp. 26. Panz. Ent. Germ. 142. 37. La Coccinelle rayée, Geoffr. Inf. I. 326. n. 11. Degeer Inf. V. 381. 14. Two diftin&t varieties of this variable ſpecies are figured in our plate, fig 4 and 5, one of which has the black dorſal dots of a ſmall fize, the other large. This ſpecies is commonly found on flowers. PLATE 363 WWW 2 [9] P L A T E CCCLXIII. FIG. 1. PHALÆNA POTAMOGATA. CINEROUS CHINA MARK MOTH. LEPIDOPTERA. GENERIC CHARACTER. Antennæ tapering from the baſe : wings in general deflected when at reft. Fly by night. GEOMETRA. SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Wings cinereous, with white ſpots: anterior pair obsoletely reti- culated. PHALÆNA POTAMOGATA: feticornis alis cinereis albo maculatis : anticis obſolete reticulatis. Linn. Syft. Nat. 2. 873. 275.-Fn. Suec. 1299. Fabr. Ent. Syft. T. 3. p. 2. p. 213. ſp. 313. The larva of this ſpecies is ſuppoſed to feed principally on the Pota- mogaton natans from which circumſtance it has been called ſpecifi- cally Potamogata. It appears early in the month of June in the C winged VOL. XI. 10 P L A T E CCCLXIII. winged state hovering about aquatic plants in ditches, and other watery places. This is a very common ſpecies, and is frequently found drowned, and lying on the ſurface of the water where aquatic plants are abundant. FIG. II. PHALANA STAGNATA. PEARL CHINA MARK. SPECIFIC CHARACTER. PHALÆNA STAGNATA : wings white, with two irregular common ſubfuſcous bands; the outer one furcating from the middle of the anterior wings to the coſtal margin. a The general colour of this infect is a beautiful delicate white, with a perlaceous nue. The tranſverſe fuſcous bands are fo diſpoſed on the anterior wings as to give it ſomewhat of a reticulated appearance, but leſs ſo than in Phalæna Potamogata, and ſeveral other ſpecies of Chi- na-marks, as Engliſh collectors denominate them. The bands on the poſterior wings are not in any manner reticulated. This does not appear to be a very common ſpecies. PLATE 364 1 2 3 2 3 [ 11 ] P L A T E CCCLXIV. FIG. I. I. PHALÆNA ARCUANA, CURVE-BANDED TORTRIX-MOTH. LEPIDOPTERA. GENERIC CHARACTER. Antennæ gradually tapering from the baſe to the tip: wings in ge- neral deflected when at reſt. Fly by night. TOR'TRIX. SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Wings yellowiſh-brown, with three filvery curved bands; and a black ſpot in the diſk, on which are three filvery dots. TORTRIX ARCUANA: alis luteis : fafciis tribus arcuatis maculaque diſci atra; punctis tribus argenteis. Linn. Syft. Nat. %. 877. 296. Fn. Sv. 1317. PHALENA ARCUANA. Fabr. Sp. Inf. 2. p. 281. n. 31. Mant. Inf. 2. p. 230. n. 53.- Ent. Syft. T. 3, p. 2. p. 260. n. 72. Clerk-Phal. tab. 10. fig. 2. C 2 Phalena 19 P L A T E CCCLXIV. Phalena arcuana is an inſect of uncommon beauty. The general colour of the anterior wings is yellowiſh brown, or teſtaceous, varied with darker towards the exterior margin, and tranfverfely ſtriped with filvery: there are alſo at the baſe two remarkable arched, or in- curvated filvery lines. In the diſk, a little inclining towards the inner margin, is a broad ſpace, of a pale yellow colour, in the center of which is a black ſpot, enriched with three ſilvery dots. The lower wings are obſcure. a This infect is found on the nut tree in its perfect ſtate: its tranſ- formations are not clearly known. FIG. II. II. PHALANA DIMIDIANA. BROWN AND ORANGE WING TORTRIX-MOTH, SPECIFIC CHARACTER. TORTRIX DIMIDIANA : anterior half of the firſt wings fuſcous, poſterior teſtaceous-orange, with four ſhort filvery lines on the exterior margin, This little moth, which we are inclined to confider as an unde- fcribed ſpecies, is little more than one third the fize of the preceding infect. The fufcous, and rich teftaceous-orange of the anterior . wings, appear perfectly diſtinct and independent of each other at the baſe and apex of the wing, but unite and blend together about the middle, or a little inclining towards the poſterior end: the whole ſurface has a flightly gilded, or metallic gloſs, FIG, P L A T E CCCLXIV. 13 FIG. III. III. PHALÆNA NEBULANA. BLACK-CLOUDED TORTRIX-MOTLI. SPECIFIC CHARACTER. TORTRIX NEBULANA: anterior wings fub-teftaceous, and varied : the clouds in the diſk, and marginal ſpots, deep fuſcous. Taken in Darent Wood, Dartford, in July. This is a new ſpecies. PLATE 365 3 3 2 . [ 15 ] PLATE CCCLXV. FIG. I. I. II. II. CHRYSOMELA GRAMINIS. GREAT GRAMINIFEROUS CHRYSOMELA. COLEOPTERA. GENERIC CHARACTER. Antennæ moniliform, thicker at the extremity: head inſerted: tho- rax marginate : wing-cafes immarginate: body in general ovate and convex. SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Green-blue, poliſhed: antenna and legs fame colour. CHRYSOMELA GRAMINIS : viridi-cærulea nitida, antennis pedibuf- que concoloribus. Linn. Fn. Suec. 509.-Linn. Syft. Nat. 587. 7.—Gmel. Linn. Syft. Nat. 1670.7. CHRYSOMELA GRAMINIS. Fabr. Syſt. Ent. 96.9.-Sp. Inf. I. 118. 16.-Mant. I. 68. 21.-Ent. Syft. I. p. 2. 314. 93. CHRYSOMELA GRAMINIS. Marſh. Ent. Brit. T. I. p. 172. Sp. 6. Le grand Vertubleu Geoffr. I. 260. 10. Two 16 P L A T E CCCLXV. a Two very remote kinds, or varieties, of Chryſomela graminis, are ſhewn in the preſent plate ; the firſt is of the uſual fort, green gloffed with gold, and which in ſome ſpecimens is of inimitable fplendour: the other is ſmaller, and of a rich and deep blue, fimilar to fome indivi- duals of Chryſomela Alni, but from which it may be at once diſtin- guiſhed by being deſtitute of the impreſſed, or excavated dots, on the wing-caſes ſo apparently in that ſpecies; and by having the legs and antennæ partaking of the ſame colour as the reſt of the body, while thoſe parts in Alni are black. According to Geoffroy, Chryſomela Graminis is found on the Gale- opfis, Lamium, and other labiofe plants. Linnæus names it ſpecifi- cally graminis from its feeding upon graſs, in which particular he has been followed by moſt writers. The ſmaller figures 1 and 2, denote the natural fize. FIG. III. III. CHRYSOMELA RUFICORNIS. RUFOUS-HORNED CHRYSOMELA. * Section Altica posterior Thigh very thick. SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Blue; head, thorax, antennæ, and legs rufous : wing-caſes with crenate ſtriæ. CHRYSOMELA RUFICORNIS: cærulea, capite thorace antennis pedi- buſque rufis, elytris crenato-ſtriatis. Marſh. Ent Brit. T. I. p. 199. 70. GALLERUCA PLATE CCCLXV. 17 GALLERUCA RUFICOHNIS: cærulea capite thorace antennis pedi- buſque rufis, elytris crenato-ſtriatis, Fabr. Ent. Syft. I. p. 2. 32. 96. Panz, Faun, Germ. 21. 12. ALTICA RUFICORNIS Panz, Ent, Germ. 179, 19. CHRYSOMELA cæruleo-ftriata De Geer V. 348. 48, Habitat of this little fpecies unknown. FIG IV, IV. CHRYSOMELA RUFIPES, RUFOUS-LEGGED CHRYSOMELA, SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Oblong : blue; head, thorax, legs, and antenna rufous, CHRYSOMELA RUFIPES ; cærulea obovata, capite thorace pedibus antenniſque rufis. Linn. Syft. Nat. 595, 65,-Faun, Suece 545,-Gmel, Linn, Syft. Nat, 1695, 65. ALTICA RUFIPES. Fabr, Syft. Ent. 114. 14, GALLERUCA RUFIPES, Fabr, Ent, Syſt, I.p. 2. 32, 94, VOL, XI, D CHRYSOMELA 28 P L A T E CCCLXV. CHRYSOMELA RUFIPES. Marſh. Ent. Brit. T. I. p. 198. Sp. 68. De Geer Inf. 5. 343. 47.t. 10. f. 11. Panz. Ent. Germ. 179. 17- Faun. Germ. 21. t. 10. a This is a ſmall and rather uncommon ſpecies. Taken in Kent. In- habits plants. PLATE W 366 - PLATE CCCLXVI. 19 PLATE CCCLXVI. MUSCA PULCHELLA. STRIPED-WING MUSCA. DIPTERA. GENERIC CHARACTER. Mouth with a ſoft exſerted fleſhy proboſcis, and two unequal lips : fucker beſet with briſtles : feelers ſhort, and two in number, or fometimes none: antennæ uſually ſhort. * Section, Antennæ a naked briſtle. а SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. PAT Downy, cinereous: diſk of the wings yellowiſh-brown, with a flexuous white hyaline ſtripe. MUSCA PULCHELLA : antennis ſetariis piloſa cinerea alarum diſco fuſco flaveſcente: vitta flexuoſa albo-hyalina. Fabr. Ent. Syft. T. 4. p. 352. Sp. 167. Muſca pulchella antennis fetariis pallida teſtacea piloſa alis patulis late flavo nigro fafciatis. Roſji. Fn. Etruſc. 2. S14. 1528. tab. 8. fig. 6. mal. The Fabrician Entomological work above-mentioned, affords a copious and diſtinct account of this elegant fpecies of Mufca. Fabricius met with it in the cabinet of M. Boſc, and obſerves that D 2 it 20 PLATE CCCLXVI. * it inhabits Gardens in Italy. Two years previous, however, to the appearance of Entomologia Syſtematica *, Roſfius had deſcribed and figured this ſpecies in his Fauna Etruſcat, as an Italian inſect, ſo that the latter muſt be conſidered as the firſt deſcriber of it. Pro- bably it has not been noticed by any other continental writer ſince I: as a native of Great Britain it is certainly undeſcribed. Muſca pulchella we muſt eſteem as a very ſcarce inſect in this country. Our ſpecimens were taken in the Wilds of Kent, near Faverſham, and it has occurred, though rarely, as we are informed, nearer the vicinity of London. The upper figure in the plate exhibits an enlarged repreſentation of this curious infect in a flying poſition, the natural fize appears below. * 1792 + Publiſhed in 1790. # Gmelin omits this and many other very intereſting infects deſcribed by Fabricius, which we might expect to find in his improved edition of the Linnæan Syftema Natura, PLATË 1 1 367 PLATE CCCLXVII. 21 PLATE CCCLXVII. FIG. I. I. CARA BUS PILICORNIS. HAIRY-HORNED CARABUS. N COLEOPTERA. GENERIC CHARACTER Antennæ filiform: feelers fix, the exterior joint obtuſe and trun- cated: thorax obcordated, truncated behind, and margined: wing- caſes margined: abdomen ovate. SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS Thorax roundiſh : wing-caſes ſtriated, with impreſſed dots: antennæ hairy. CARABUS PILICORNis: thorace rotundato elytris ftriatis punc- tiſque impreffis, antennis pilofis. Fabr. Sp. Inf. 1. p. 307. n. 48.-Mant. 1. 200. 65.—Ent. Syft. 1. p. 1. 152. 122. CARABUS PILICORNIS. Marſh. Ent. Brit. T. 1. p. 446. Sp. 36. Panz. Faun. Germ. 11. t. 10. CARABUS PILICORNIS. Donov. Tour South Wales, V.1. p. 380. This inſect appears to be rare in England. The firſt ſpecimen of it met with by ourſelves was taken on the ſandy ſhore of the Severn ſea, 22 P L A T E CCCLXVII. fea, near the village of Newton, Glamorganſhire: another occurs in the cabinet of the late Mr. Green, now in our poffeffion, but the habitat of the latter is unknown to us. FIG. II. II. CARABUS SEMIPUNCTATUS. HALF-DOTTED CARABUS. SPECIFIC CHARACTER. CARABUS SEMIPUNCTATUS: thorax roundiſh: wing-caſes fuscous, ſtriated, with anterior hyaline ſpots, and dots of the ſame on the poſterior half. CARABUS SEMIPUNCTATUS. Donov. Tour South Wales, V.1. p. 380. We found a ſpecimen of this curious ſpecies in the ſame place, and at the fame time as the preceding. It is not deſcribed by any author. PLATE 368 1 PLATE CCCLXVIII. 23 PLATE CCCLXVIII. SYNODENDRON CYLINDRICUS. CYLINDRICAL SYNODENDRON. COLEOPTERA. GENERIC CHARACTER. Antennæ lamellated: palpi four, equal : lip filiform, horny, palpi- , gerous at the tip : body cylindrical, obtuſe at both extremities: an- terior fhanks dentated. SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Anterior part of the thorax truncated, and five-toothed: an erect horn on the head. SYNODENDRON CYLINDRICUM: thorace antice truncato quinque dentato, capitis cornu erecto. Fabr. Ent. Syft. T. 1. p. 2. 358. 94. n. 1. Paykull Faun. Suec. 111. 140. 1. Panz. Ent. Germ. 282. 1. Fueſ. Archiv. 67. 4. SCARABÆUS CYLINDRICUS. Linn. Syft. Nat. 544. 11.--- Faun. Suec. 380.-Gmel. 1532. 11. LUCANUS CYLINDRICUS. Laich. Inf. Tyr. 3. 4. Marſh. Ent. Brit. T. 1. 50. 4. Lucanus Tenebroides. Scop. Ann. 5.-Nat. Hift. 10. - 24 P L A T E CCCLXVIII. The male of this ſpecies is fufficiently diſtinguiſhed by the erect horn on the anterior part of the head, the female being deftitute of this character: in other reſpects they nearly correſpond. Both ſexes are repreſented in their natural fize on the oppoſite plate. Lives in the trunks of trees, Inhabits various parts of Europe, PLATE 369 8 3 CLICK 3 2 2 1 [ 25 ] PLATE CCCLXIX.' FIG. I. I. PHALANA TRIMACULANA. THREE-SPOT TORTRIX-MOTH. LEPIDOPTERA. GENERIC CHARACTER. Antennæ gradually tapering from the baſe to the tip: wings in ge- neral deflected when at reſt. Fly by night. TORTRIX SPECIFIC CHARACTER. TORTRIX TRIMACULANA: anterior wings teſtaceous and fuſcous varied : a pale angular tranſverſe band near the baſe; and whitiſh ſpace, incloſing three ſmall dark dots behind. A pretty ſpecies, and moderately large. The ground colour chiefly teſtaceous, varying from pale to darker in different ſpecimens. The broad tranſverſe angular band, and ſpot incloſing three ſmall dots behind, are ſufficiently characteriſtic of this inſect. It has alſo ſeveral flender whitiſh lines, diſpoſed obliquely at the outer edge of the wing, and at the apex a ſmall ſubocellated ſpot. We have not obſerved any deſcription either of this, or the third ſpecies repreſented in our plate 369, in any work, the ſecond ſpecies appears in Hubner's Beiträge zur Geſchichte der Schmetterlinge, &c. VOL. XI. E FIG. 36 P L A T E CCCLXIX. FIG. II. II. PHALÆNA BETULANA. ALDER TORTRIX-MOTH. SPECIFIC, CHARACTER. TORTRIX BETULANA: anterior wings ochraceous, with an oblique, ſubfuſcous band acroſs the middle, and two black dots: one central and touching the band. PuALÆNA BETULANA. Hubn. Beitr. This is one of the larger ſpecies of the Tortrix tribe; the co- lour ochraceous, fometimes livid, at others tinged with reddiſh, and gloffy. It may be readily diſtinguiſhed by the oblique dark band acroſs the middle of the wing, to which one of the black ſpots is connected; the other dot is ſmaller, and placed nearer the poſterior end of the wing. There is alſo a ferruginous daſh contiguous, that ex- tends to the outer margin of the wing. FIG PLATE CCCLXIX. 27 FIG. III. III. PHALÆNA NOTANA. DOTTED TORTRIX-MOTH. SPECIFIC CHARACTER. TORTRIX NOTANA: anterior wings fubferruginous, with nume- rous diſtinct black dots. Taken in Darent Wood, Dartford, in July, and alſo in Coombe Wood, Surrey. E 2 PLATE (3710 2 2 || P L A T E CCCLXX. 29 PLATE CCCLXX. FIG. I. I. Ρ H A L Ε Ν Α G Ε Μ Ι Ν Α Ν Α. . DOUBLE-DOT TORTRIX MOTH. GENERIC CHARACTER. Antennæ gradually tapering from the baſe to the tip: wings in ge- neral deflected when at reft. Fly by night. TORTRIX. SPECIFIC CHARACTER. Tortrix GEMINANA. Anterior wings pale with a broad fuſcous ſtripe along the middle, edged interiorly with a jagged whitiſh line: a ſmall teſtaceous ſpot, with two black dots near the anal angle. The prevailing colour of the upper wings in this ſpecies, when the inſect is in perfect condition, is of milky yellowiſh, varied with teſ- taceous. Beſides the broad fuſcous longitudinal ſhade, and teſtaceous double dotted ſpot behind, as mentioned in the ſpecific character, there are a variety of elegant markings and lineations of teftaceous brown and black at the apex and along the outer edge. We ſuſpect that it is an uncommon infect, having hitherto only met with it once : --this was taken in Kent. FIG. GITTIS 33 P L A T E CCCLXX. FIG. II. II. PHA LÆNA TRIFASCIAN A. THREE BANDED TORTRIX MOTH. SPECIFIC CHARACTER. . Wings whitiſh, with three brown bands margined with black dots. TORTRIX TRIFASCIANA: alis albis: fasciis tribus fuſcis; tertia nigro punctata. Fabr. Ent. Syft. T. 3. p. 2. p. 248. Sp. 25. . There can ſcarcely remain the flighteſt doubt of this being the ſpecies of Tortrix deſcribed by Fabricius from the cabinet of Dr. Allioni, under the name of trifaſciana, preſuming however that the inſect Fabricius ſaw, muſt have been in leſs perfect condition than our ſpecimen : he deſcribes the ſituation of the three bands very exactly, one at the baſe of the wing, the ſecond oblique acroſs the middle, and the third at the tip, the laſt of which he obſerves are dotted with black. To this we may add, that when perfect, all the bands are circumſcribed within a double ſeries of black dots, although thoſe on the brown ſtripe at the tip are commonly moſt conſpicuous. Taken in Coombe Wood, Surrey. a PLATE IMD [ 31 ] PLATE CCCLXXI. FIG. I. I. PHALÆNA V-ALBAN A. WHITE-V TUFTED TORTRIX-MOTH. LEPIDOPTERA. GENERIC CHARACTER. Antennæ gradually tapering from the baſe to the tip : wings in ge- neral deflected when at reft. Fly by night TORTRIX. SPECIFIC CHARACTER. Anterior wings browniſh, variegated with pale rivofe lines and tufted dots, and a white flexuous V-like mark at the coftal margin. a TORTRIX V-ALBANA. Marſh. M.S. Ent. Brit. This is a charming little ſpecies, and very far from common. The ground colour of the anterior wings is pale fuſcous, and the rivoſe lines that variegate it whitiſh, with a tinge of teftaceous brown, or reddiſh diſpoſed chiefly in dots along the middle. But the moſt conſpicuous mark, and by means of which this ſpecies of tufted tortrix may be eaſily known, is the white coftal flexuous band in this middle of the anterior wing which bears a ſtrong reſemblance to the letter V. The poſterior wings are pale with numerous ſhort dalhes, or interrupted tranſverſe darker lines. FIG. 30 P L A T E CCCLXXI. FIG. II. II. PHALÆNA BILITURANA. DOUBLE-BANDED TORTRIX-MOT H. SPECIFIC CHARACTER. a Anterior wings cinereous brown, with a fuſcous band acroſs the mid- dle, and another ſubterminal at the poſterior end. TORTRIX FASCIANA. Fabr. Ent. Syſt. T. 3. p. 2. p. 261. n. 782 ? This inſect approaches very nearly to Phalæna faſciana of Fabricius : it is alſo allied to Phalæna Gerningana of the fame author, and it is not unlikely, on future inveſtigation, they may both prove to be accidental va- rieties of the fame ſpecies as our inſect. The upper wings in our ſpeci- men is of a cinereous brown colour inclining to reddiſh, and marked with many ſhort tranſverſe lines. Acroſs the middle is a broad band, and at the tip another ſmaller one, with a flexuous edge, leaving a pale. narrow ſpot in the middle of the poſterior apex next the margin. a a Taken in Kent near Faverſham. PLATE 372 [ 33 ] PLATE CCCLXXII. MUSCA PLUVIALIS, RAINY FIVE-SPOT MUSCA. DIPTERA. GENERIC CHARACTER. Mouth with a ſoft, exſerted, fleſhy proboſcis, and two unequal lips: fucker beſet with briſtles: feelers ſhort, and two in number, or ſometimes none: antennæ uſually ſhort. * Antenne a naked briſtle. a SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Cinereous, with five black ſpots on the thorax, and obſolete ſpots on the abdomen. - MUSCA PLUVIALIS : cinerea, thorace maculis quinque nigris, ab- domine obſoletis. Linn. Fn. Suec. 1844.—Linn. Syft. Nat. 2.992.83.-Gmel. Linn. Syft. Nat. T. 1. p. 5. 2847. Sp. 83. Musca PLUVIALIS. Fabr. Spec. Inf. 2. p. 443. n. 40.--Mant. inf. 2. p. 346. n. 47.Ent. Syft. T. 4. p. 329. Sp. 71. La Mouche cendrée à points noirs. Geoffr. Inf. Par. 2. p. 529. n. 68. De Geer. Inf. 6. p. 27. n. 6. . F This TOL. XI. 34 P L A T E CCCLXXII. This pretty inſect is a general inhabitant of Europe. Before rain it is obſerved to aſſemble in ſwarms, and conceal itſelf under the leaves of plants, where it remains perfectly tranquil till the rain is over. It is repreſented both in the natural fize, and magnified, in the annexed plate. PLATE 373 3 2 3 [ 35 ] PLATE CCCLXXIII. FIG. I. I. CHRYSOMELA 10-NOTATA. YELLOWISH TEN-DOT CHRYSOMELA. COLEOPTERA. GENERIC CHARACTER. Antennæ moniliform, thicker at the extremity : head inſerted: tho- rax marginate, wing-cafes immarginate : body in general ovate and convex. SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Yellow or yellowiſh: thorax with two ſub-connected black dots, and five on the wing-caſes: legs yellowiſh, or ſubrufous. CHRYSOMELA 10-NOTATA : flava, thoracis punctis ſub-connexis duo- bus elytrorumque quinque nigris. Marſh. Ent. Brit. T. 1. p. 175. Sp. 13. Chryſomela 10-punctata ß var. Linn. Syft. Nat. 590. 32. Chryſomela rufipes. De Geer V. 295. 4. t. 8.f. 25. La Chryſomele rouge à points noirs. Geoffr. Inf. I. 258. 4. F 2 This 36 P L A T E CCCLXXIII. This infect is ſeparated from the Linnæan Chryſomela 10-punctata upon the authority of Entomologia Britannica as above quoted There is much reaſon to believe it a diſtinct ſpecies, though we cannot ſpeak preciſely to that effect, ſince it is poflible it may prove, on fu- ture obſervation, to be the female of Chryſomela 10-punctata, or a variety of it. The two inſects reſemble each other in ſize, and moſt other particulars, the bilobate black mark, or confluent ſpots on the thorax, and the colour of the mouth, and legs excepted: thoſe of C. 10-punctata being black, while in our inſect, they are conſtantly yellow, or yellowiſh-red, inclining to rufous. Several writers agree that Chry- ſomela 10-punctata, is liable to much variation : Fabricius, in parti- cular, tells us, he has obſerved it with both the wing-cafes deftitute of the fifth, or poſterior ſpot. The lower furface is black. Found on the aſpin and willow. The ſmaller figures, as uſual, point out the natural ſize of the inſects repreſented in this plate. FIG. II. II. CHRYSOMELA AUCTA. RED-BORDERED BLUE-CHRYSOMELA. SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Blue, thorax poliſhed: wing-caſes dotted, with a red margin. CHRYSOMELA AUCTA: cyanea, thorace nitido, elytris punctatis: margine rubro. Murfh. Ent. Brit. T. I. p. 181. (p. 24 CHRYSOMELA P L A T E CCCLXXIII. 97 CHRYSOMELA AUCTA: ovata thorace cyaneo nitido, elytris punc- tatis cyaneis: margine rubro. Fabr. Mant. I. 72. 69. Ent. Syft. I. p. 1. 326. Sp. 94. 1 Chryſomela aucta. Gmel. Linn. Syft. Nat. 1680. Sp. 128. CHRYSOMELA MARGINATA. Act. Nidrof. 3. 390. 80. Firſt deſcribed by Fabricius from the cabinet of Zſchuck. The ge- neral colour above is a very deep purpliſh blue, inclining almoſt to black, the margin of the wing-cafes excepted, that part being red: the lower furface, together with the legs, are black. FIG. III. III. CHRYSOMELA HYPOCHÆRIDIS. CAT'S EAR CHRYSOMELA. SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Entirely golden-green and poliſhed. CHRYSOMELA HYPOCHÆRIDIS: tota viridi-aurata nitida. Marſh. Ent. Brit. T. I. p. 184. Sp. 35. CHRYSOMELA HYPOCHÆRIDIS: aurata, antennis nigris, elytris ab- breviatis. Linn. It. ſcan. 210.--Faun. Suec. 516. - Linn. Syft. Nat. 589. 21.---Gmel. Linn. Syft. Nat. 1675. 21. . Bupreſtis Syngeneſia. Scop. Ent. Carn. 193. Linnæus 38 P L A T E CCCLXXIII. Linnæus confiders the colour of the antennæ in his fpecifical diſtinc- tion of this ſpecies; theſe, he ſays, are black, but it appears they are not uniformly ſo, being ſometimes green. The ſame inſect has occa- fionally occured, likewiſe, of a green colour, without a golden gloſs. When fine, the golden coloured variety is a beautiful inſect. Found on the flowers of Hypocharis maculata. PLATE 374 2 2 [ 39 ] PLATE CCCLXXIV. . FIG. I. PHALÆNA LUNDANA. ARCUATED TORTRIX-MOTH. LEPIDOPTERA, GENERIC CHARACTER. Antenna gradually tapering from the baſe to the tip: wings in ge- neral deflected when at reſt. Fly by night. * TORTRIX. SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Wings at the baſe fufcous, with a pale ſemicircular ſtripe: tip gloffed with gold, and ſtreaked at the thicker margin with ſilvery, and yellow. PHIALÆNA LUNDANA : alis bafi fuſcis: linea ſemicirculari pallida, apice auratis : margine craffiori argenteo flavoque ftrigato. Fabr. Spec. Inf. 2. p. 287. n. 74.-Ent. Syft. T. 3. p. 2. 282. Sp. 166. PHALÆNA BADIANA. Wien. Verz. 136. 8. This is an elegant, though ſmall ſpecies, which we have found during the ſummer not uncommonly in the woods near the vicinity of London. The ſmallest figure 1. denotes the natural fize. 40 P L A T E CCCLXXIV. FIG. II. PHALÆNA OBSCURANA. FERRUGINOUS CLOUDED TORTRIX MOTH. SPECIFIC CHARACTER. TORTRIX OBSCURANA. Anterior wings ſomewhat ferruginous, Tortrix obſcurely clouded and ſpeckled with fuſcous : pofte- rior wings pale. This appears to be an undeſcribed ſpecies: it is repreſented both in its natural ſize, and magnified, in the oppoſite plate. PLATE * 375 [ 41 ] PLATE CCCLXXV. CIMEX VENATOR. FAWN-COLOURED CLOVER BUG. HEMIPTERA. GENERIC CHARACTER. Snout inflected: antennæ longer than the thorax: wings four, folded croſs-wiſe, anterior part of the upper pair coriaceous: back flat: thorax margined: legs formed for running. * Section Coreus. Thorax ſpinous, body oblong, flat and de- preſſed: antenne of four articulations, the exterior joint diſtinctly Ovate. SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Thorax obtuſely ſpined, obfcure grey: beneath yellowiſh : antennæ and legs ferruginous. CIMEX VENATOR: thorace obtufe fpinoſo obſcure griſeus fubtus flaveſcens antennis pedibuſque ferrugineis. Fabr. . Ent. Syſt. T. 4. p. 128. 4. We once met with the two ſexes of this uncommon fpecies of Cimex crawling on a bed of clover, in a ſmall field on one fide of Darent Wood, near Dartford, in Kent. It has occurred likewiſe to our obſervation in Surrey, and in the maritime parts of South Wales, VOL. XI. G but 42 P L A T E CCCLXXV. but that ſo rarely that we are led to conſider it as a ſcarce inſect, or at leaſt as a very local one. . The only writer who has deſcribed this Cimex, to our knowledge, is Fabricius, who ſaw an Italian ſpecimen of it in the cabinet of Dr. Allioni, and introduced it to the notice of the Entomologiſt in his Entomologia Syſtematica, under the title of Coreus Venator. No figure has hitherto appearer of this infect; nor has it been before mentioned as a native of any other part of Europe than Italy. and lower ſurface of Cimex Venator is ſhewn in their natural fize, and an enlarged figure of the former in the center of the plate Both the upper PLATE 376 5 2 मा 4 3 [ 43 ] PLATE CCCLXXVI. FIG. I. I. VESPA DECIM-MACULATA. TEN-SPOTTED WASP. HYMENOPTERA. GENERIC CHARACTER. Mouth horny, with a compreſſed jaw: feelers four, unequal, and filiform: antennæ filiform, the firſt joint longeſt and cylindrical; eyes lunar : body glabrous: fting pungent, and concealed within the ab- domen. Both ſexes have the upper wings folded. SPECIFIC CHARACTER. VESPA DECÍM-MACULATA. Black: thorax immaculate : fcutel bidentated : firſt five ſegments of the abdomen, with a ſub- marginal white dot on each ſide. Nearly allied to the Linnæan Veſpa uniglumis in point of ſize, and general appearance, but differing in one very eſſential particular : the number of white ſpots on the abdomen. The Veſpa uniglumis, (Crabro uniglumis of Fabricius) has white marginal dots only on three ſegments of the abdomen ; while, in our ſpecies, the firſt five ſegments have a very conſpicuous white dot on each fide. There are three or four other ſpecies of Linnæan Veſpa, deſcribed by Fabricius, in his new genera Crabro and Philanthus, that ſeem to bear ſome reſemblance to this infect, but which, on compariſon, appear to be certainly diſtinct. The G2 44 PLATE CCCLXXVI. The head and thorax are black: body of the fame colour, gloffy, and ſpotted with white: legs yellow : thighs black. The only ſpeci- men we have yet met with of this kind, was taken in Kent. The ſmalleſt figure denotes the natural fize. FIG. II. APIS SPHECOIDES. SPHEX-FORMED BEE. GENERIC CHARACTER. Mouth horny: jaw and lip membranaceous at the tip: tongue in- Aected: feelers four, unequal, filiform: antenuæ fhort, and filiform, thoſe of the female fomewhat clavated : fting of the females and neu- ters pungent, and concealed within the abdomen. SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Apis SPHECOIDES. Deep black : abdomen ferruginous ; baſe, and tip black : wings blackiſh. MELITTA SPHECOIDES. Aterrima; abdomine ferrugineo, baſi apiceque nigro ; alis nigricantibus. Kirby Ap. Angl. T. 2. p. 46. ſp. 9. . fp SPHEX GIBBA: nigra ; abdomine ferrugineo apice fuſco: alis primo- ribus apice nigricantibus. Linn. Fn. Suec. 1658.- Gmel. Linn. Syft. Nat. T. I.p.5. p. 2732. SPHEX GIBBA: nigra abdomine ferrugineo apice fuſco, alis anticis apice fuſcis. Linn.-Fabr. Ent. Syft. T. 2. p. 212. n. 59. It PLATE CCCLXXVI. 45 It will be obſerved, that the ſpecifie deſcription of the Linnæan Sphex gibba, left us by Linnæus himſelf, does not very clearly expreſs our infect, but which it now appears, upon the beſt authority, is cer- tainly the one intended by that writer. This obſcure circumſtance has been cleared up by Mr. Kirby, who met with the remains of the authentic ſpecimen of Sphex gibba in the Linnæan cabinet, and was, by that means, enabled to aſcertain the ſpecies meant by Linnæus, which otherwiſe might have ever remained a matter of uncertainty. Fabricius, unacquainted with the inſect, or more probably unable to determine the Linnæan inſect from the deſcription, is content to quote the words of Linnæus. Mr. Kirby has aſſigned it a new character, by which the ſpecies may, in future, be eaſily diſtinguiſhed. In his ar- rangement, it ſtands as a Melitta, under the ſpecific name of Sphe- coides. This infect is rather rare, our ſpecimen was taken in Kent. FIG. III. APIS GEOFFRELLA. GEOFFROY'S BEE. SPECIFIC CHARACTER. Black: abdomen rufous, tip and legs black : tarſi and anterior fhanks reddiſh Apis GEOFFRELLA. Atra; abdomine rufo, apice pedibuſque nigro- piceis; maxillis, tarſis, tibiiſque anticis, rufeſcenti- bus. Kirby. Ap. Angl. T. 2. p. 45. . Geoffroy, 46 P L A T E CCCLXXVI. Geoffroy, in his Hiſt. des Inſectes, mentions this inſect as a ſuppofed variety of his Abeille noire à ventre brun et lille. On the contrary, however, we are rather inclined to agree with Mr. Kirby, in believing it to be a diſtinct ſpecies. Its fize is nearly the ſame as the foregoing. a FIG. IV. APIS PUNCTATA DOTTED BEE. SPECIFIC CHARACTER. Black with cinereous down: abdomen black, ſegments with a white dot at each ſide. APIS PUNCTATA: nigra cinereo villoſa abdomine atro : ſegmentis utrinque puncto albo. Fabr. Ent. Syſt. T. 2. 336. n. 99. APIS PUNCTATA. Kirby Ap. Angl. T. 2. p. 219. Sp. 35. Deſcribed by Fabricius as a native of this country. The figure re- preſents it in the natural fize. FIG. PLATE CCCLXXVI. 47 FIG. V. APIS FLORALIS. FLORAL BDE. SPECIFIC CHARACTER Entirely yellowiſh-rufous: abdomen ſpotted and faſciated with black. Apis FLORALIS : tota rufa, abdominis fafciis quatuor vel quinque ni- gris. Scop. Ann. Hift. Nat. 4. p. 12. n. 7.-- Gmel. Linn, Syft. Nat. 2785. 125. ApiS FLORALIS: hirſuto flaveſcens ; thorace fulvo ; abdomine ma- culis, faſciiſque atriş. Kirby Ap. Angl. T. 2. p. 324. n. 76. This ſpecies of Bee is common, chiefly frequenting flowers. PLATE 377 与勇軍」, [ 49 ] PLATE CCCLXXVII. PHA LÆNA RH EDI E L L A. RHEDI'S TINEA-MOTH. GENERIC CHARACTER. . Antennæ gradually tapering from the baſe to the tip: wings in ge- neral deflected when at reſt. Fly by night. TINEA SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Wings black: tip fulvous, with interrupted ſilver streaks. PHALÆNA RHEDIELLA: alis nigris apice fulvis: ftrigis interruptis argenteis. Linn. Syft. Nat. 2. 444.-Fn. Suec. 1405.–Fabr. Ent. Syft. T. 3. p. 2. 324. 161. Clerk Ic. t. 12. f. 12. This is a pretty, and by no means uncommon inſect in England. Linnæus named it ſpecifically Rhediella, in compliment to Rhedi, the author of ſeveral well known tracts on Natural Hiſtory, that appeared about the end of the ſeventeenth century. The inſect is figured in Clerk's Icon. a work executed under the immediate direction of Linnæus. VOL. XI. H FIG, PLATE CCCLXXVII. FIG. II. PHALÆNA ALBIDANA. BROWN-DOTTED PALE TORTRIX-MOTII TORTRIX SPECIFIC CHARACTER. Tortrix ALBIDANA. Whitiſh : anterior wings with a double oblique tranſverſe ſeries of brown dots towards the poſterior end; an obſcure coſtal ſpot near the middle. This delicate little Infect was taken in Coombe Wood, Surrey, and at Godfton in the fame county. It is a tortrix of intereſting figure, though pale in colour. The wings are whitiſh: anterior pair faintly tinged with brown, and in addition to the double ſeries of brown dots towards the poſterior end of the wings, as mentioned in the ſpecific character, there are ſome other minute dots of the fame colour ſparingly ſprinkled over the reſt of the anterior wings, and in particular two more diftinét than the others appear in the diſk, a little inclining towards the baſe of the wing. Not having obſerved the deſcription of this infect in the work of any author, we ſhall venture to admit it as a new ſpecies. FIG. PLATE CCCLXXVII. FIG. III. PHALÆNA PROFANANA. BROWN-TUFTED TORTRIX-MOTH. SPECIFIC CHARACTER. Wings fuſcous grey, with a dark tufted dot in the middle. Tortrix PROFANANA : alis cinereis : puncto medio fuſco. Fabr. Ent. Syt. T. 3. p. 2. 268. Sp. 111. A new ſpecies, deſcribed by Fabricius as a native of this country, from a ſpecimen in the cabinet of Mr. Francillon. Our inſect, which was taken in Kent, is of the ſame ſpecies preciſely, but only of a darker colour. Befides the conſpicuous elevated hairy tuft in the middle of the wing, there are ſeveral minute elevated dots in the dilk contiguous to it, as Fabricius mentions. The anterior wings have a rich filky gloſs, the lower ones are browniſh, and imma- culate. This, we believe, to be one of the rareſt Britiſh ſpecies of that particular family of Tortrices known among Engliſh collectors by the denomination of Button-wing moths, a term alluding to the ſmall faſciculi, tufts, or ſcabrous elevations, which appear on the anterior wings of ſome few ſpecies of the Tortrix tribe of Phalæna. It is alſo an infect of no very inconſiderable magnitude, as will ap- pear from the finaller figure ſhewn at number 3 in the oppoſite plate, which repreſents it in the natural fize. H 2 PLATE 378 [ 53 ] PLATE CCCLXXVIII. SCARABÆUS RURICOLA. RUFOUS DARK-BORDERED SCARABÆUS, COLEOPTERA. GENERIC CHARACTER. Antennæ clavated, the club fiflile : fhanks of the anterior legs gene- rally dentated. * Section Melolontha, mandible arched, and ſomewhat dentated : wing-caſes ſhorter than the body: naked extremity of the abdomen obliquely truncated. SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS Deep black, ſilky: wing-caſes rufous, marginal border, and future black. SCARABÆUS RURICOLA: ater ſericeus, elytris rufis: margine futu- râque nigris. Marſh. Ent. Brit. T. I. p. 39. Sp. 6. MELOLONTHA RURICOLA: ater ſericeus elytris rufis : margine ni- gro. Fabr. Sp. Inf. I. p. 73. n. 45.—Mant. Inf. I. p. 23. n. 58.-Ent. Syft. I. 173. Sp. 75. SCARABÆUS RURICOLA: ater fericeus, elytris rufis ; margine ni- gro. Gmel. Linn. Syft. Nat. 1558. Sp. 235. Scarabæus 54 P L A T E CCCLXXVIII. Scarabæus niger, elytris croceis margine nigro.—Le Scarabé à bor- dure. Geoffr. T. I. p. 80. pp. 15. Scarabæus marginatus. Fourc. I. 9. 15. Melolontha Floricola. Laich. I. 41. 6. 3 Scarabæus Ruricola does not appear in either of the Entomologi- cal works of Linnæus. Fourcroy deſcribes it as a Pariſian inſect * Fabricius as a native of Englandt; Roffius as an Italian ſpecies I ; and we have a ſpecimen of it from Germany; of which laſt country, Panzer gives it as an inhabitant in his Entomologia Germanica. We are thus explicit, in order to fhew that it is a general European in- fect, and not excluſively a native of this country, as might be inferred from the concluding obſervation of the Fabrician deſcription of this ſpecies. “ Habitat in Angliæ graminofis Dom Lee." We muft acknowledge that, in the courſe of our own collecting, we have never taken this infect, or ſeen it alive. Our figures are co- pied from an Engliſh ſpecimen, in the cabinet of that indefatigable collector, the late Mr. Green, of Weſtminſter, whoſe cabinet has recently fallen into our poffeffion, and where he met with it we cannot aſcertain. Mr. Marſham informs us (Ent. Brit.) that this infect was taken in great abundance in the month of July, 1797, on New- market Heath, near the Foſs, vulgarly called the Devil's Dyke. There are two, if not more varieties of this inſect, one of which has the diſk of the wing-cafes teſtaceous inſtead of rufous; Geof- Entologomia Parifienhs. + Ent. Syft. # Faunu Etruſca. froy PLATE CCCLXXVIII. 55 troy even ſays yellow “ ſes étuis font jaunes, bordés de noir.” " Fabricius ſpeaks of another kind, in which the diſk of the wing- caſes is obſcure, with the ſurrounding border still darker. All the under parts of this inſect is black. Fig. I. ſhews the natu- ral fize. PLATE 379 [ 57 ) PLATE CCCLXXIX. CHALCIS CLAVIPES. THICK-LEGGED CHALCIS. HYMENOPTERA. GENERIC CHARACTER. Mouth with a horny, compreſſed, and ſometimes elongated jaw: feelers four, equal: antennæ cylindrical, fuſiform, firſt joint rather thickeſt; thorax gibbous, lengthened behind, and obtufe : abdomen ſmall, rounded, and fubpetiolate : pofterior thighs thickiſh. SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Black: thighs of the hind legs thick, and rufous. CHALCIS CLAVIPES: atra, femoribus pofterioribus incraffatis rufis. Fabr. Mant. Inf. 1. p. 272. n. 2.--Ent. Syſt. T. 2. 195. n. 2.-Hybn. Naturf. 24. 56. 19. tab. 2. fig. 23.—Roſs. Faun. Etruſc. 2. 58. 303.-Gmel. Syft. Nat. T. 1. p. 5. 2742. n. 2. This very curious fpecies of Chalcis is certainly undeſcribed as a Britiſh Infect. The ſpecimen from which the figures in our plate are copied, and which is in our own cabinet, was taken in the vici- nity of Faverſham, in Kent. This is not the only inſtance within our knowledge of its being caught in England; we find one fpeci- I VOL. XI. men 58 P L A T E CCCLXXIX. men of it in the Engliſh cabinet of the late Mr. Drury. Indepen- dently of theſe, we have ſeen alſo two examples of it in the col- lection of T. Marſham, Efq. that were taken by himſelf in Ken- fington Garden, ſome years ago. Theſe are, however, the only Bri- tiſh ſpecimens of Chalcis Clavipes we are acquainted with, from whence we may preſume to think it very far from common. Fa- bricius, upon the authority of Hybner, deſcribes it as an inhabitant of Saxony; a ſpecimen of it from France, occurs in the cabinet of A. M Leay, Eſq. The ſmalleſt Figure denotes the natural fize. PLATE 380 2 2 [59] PLATE CCCLXXX. FIG. I. I. PHALÆNA SUBOCELLAN A. SUB-OCELLATED TORTRIX-MOTH. LEPIDOPTERA. GENERIC CHARACTER. Antennæ gradually tapering from the baſe to the tip : wings in ge- neral deflected when at reft. Fly by night. TORTRIX. SPECIFIC CHARACTER. TORTRIX SUBOCELLANA. Anterior wings white, with fort oblique black lines at the exterior margin: baſe, and dulky ſpot near the tip, dotted with black; a terminal gilt orange ſtreak next the poſte- rior margin. Specimens of this infect have occured to our obſervation, in which the black dots at the baſe of the anterior wings are ſo intimately con- nected as to appear like interrupted tranſverſe lineations. The ground colour is white: ſometimes yellowiſh ; and moſt exquiſitely mottled, and dotted with black and duſky ſpots, leaving the center of the diſk immaculate. The poſterior wings are pale. This was taken in Kent, in the month of July. The ſmalleſt figure denotes the natural fize. I 2 FIG. 60 P L A T E CCCLXXX. FIG. II. II. PHALANA MINISTRANA. TESTACEOUS TORTRIX-MOTH. SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Anterior wings teſtaceous, with poſterior rufous margin ; in the middle a ferruginous daub, and ſmall white line. TORTRIX MINISTRANA: alis anticis teftaceis: margine poftico rufo, medio litura ferruginea : lineola alba. Linn. Syft. Nat. 2. 877. 300.-Fn. Suec. 1131. Gmel. Linn Syft. Nat. 2505. n. 300. PHALÆNA MINISTRANA. Fabr. Sp. Inf. 2. p. 279. n. 20. Mant. Inf. 2. p. 227. n. 31. Ent. Syft. T. 3. p. 2. 252. n. 42. Phalaena Miniſtrana is rather an abundant infect in this country, for the moſt part frequenting gardens. It is mentioned as a very common ſpecies in Germany and Sweden, and moſt probably is ſo likewiſe throughout the reſt of Europe. PLATE 381 1 [61] PLATE CCCLXXXI. NAUCORIS CIMICOIDES. CIMEX-FORMED NAUCORIS. GENERIC CHARACTER. Snout ſomewhat inflected: antennæ very ſhort: lip advanced and rounded : wings four, folding croſs-wiſe: anterior legs cheliform. SPECIFIC CHARACTER Abdomen ſerrated at the margin: head, and thorax, varied with yel- low and brown. NAUCORIS CIMICOIDES: abdominis margine ſerrato capite thorace- que flavo fuſcoque variis. Geoffr. Inf. I. 474. 1. tab. 9. fig. 5.–Fabr. Spec. Inf. T. 2. p. 334. R. 1. Mant. Inf. 2. 277. Ent. Syft. T. 4. p. p. 66. 210. n. 1. Nepa CIMICOIDES, Linn. Faun. Suec. 907.—Linn. Syft. Nat. 2. 714.6.—Gmel. Linn. Syft. Nat. 2122. n. 6.- De Geer Inf. 3. p. 375. n. 3. t. 19. f. 8.9. Cimex aquaticus latior. Friſch. Inf. 6. p. $1. t. 14. La Naucore Geoffr. Inf. I. p. 474. p Naucoris 62 PL A T E CCCLXXXI. Naucoris Cimicoides is an inhabitant of the water, where it fubfifts by preying on a variety of other inſects, which it attacks and pierces with its formidable, acutely pointed proboſcis, and extracts their moiſ- ture in the ſame manner as the bug, or cimex tribe. The habits of this animal are fimilar to thoſe of the nepæ or water Scorpions, among which Linnæus places it, though not in our mind with ſufficient rea- fon: we are perſuaded they ought, on the contrary, to conſtitute two diſtinct genera. Geoffroy was of this opinion : he ſeparated our inſect from the nepæ, and referred it to his new genus Naucore, or Naucoris*, and Fabricius follows the example of Geoffroy in this particular in his Entomologia Syſtematica. It is a ſtrong, and pretty evident charac- teriſtic of the two genera Nepa, and Naucoris, that the firſt has not the leaſt appearance of a lip to the mouth, and the other has one very viſible and diſtinct an advanced lip of a rounded form t. This inſect is not common. Our ſpecimens were taken in Kent. It is well known as an European infect, though not as a Britiſh ſpecies. Hift. Abreg. des Inſectes, fc. + The ſpecies of the Naucoris genus from this circumſtance might be extremely well diftinguiſhed by the trivial Engliſh name of Round-Lipped Water-Scorpions among the en- tomological collectors in this country; the Nepæ are ſimply Water Scorpions. PLATE 382 3 2 3 [ 63 ] PLATE CCCLXXXII. FIG. I. I. PHALANA TRIGUTTELLA. TRIPLE SILVER-DOT TINEA-MOTH. LEPIDOPTERA. GENERIC CHARACTER. Antennæ tapering from the baſe, wings in general deflected when at reft. Fly by night. TINEA. SPECIFIC CHARACTER. PHALENA TRIGUTTELLA. Anterior wings brown, with oblique marginal filvery ſtreaks : at the poſterior tip a black line, encloſing three filvery dots. This we have taken, not very uncommonly, in woods, about the month of July. FIG. II. II. PHALÆNA HUBNERELLA. HUBNER'S TINEA MOTH. SPECIFIC CHARACTER. Tinea HubnerELLA. Anterior wings ſublanceolate, pale, with a coſtal triangular fuſcous ſpot. Taken 64 PLATE CCCLXXXII. Taken in the vicinity of Faverſham, Kent. Not deſcribed, to our knowledge, by any author. FIG. III. III. PHALÆNA TRIPUNCTELLA. THREE-SPOT TINEA MOTH. SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Wings cinereous, with three fuſcous dots in the diſk. TINEA TRIPUNCTELLA: alis cinereis ; punctis tribus fuſcis. Fabr. Ent. Syſt. T. 3. p. 2. p. 312. Sp. 114. TINEA TRIPUNCTELLA. Wien Verz. App. Deſcribed by Fabricius from a ſpecimen in the cabinet of Schief- fermyller as an inhabitant of Auſtria. Our ſpecimen is from Faverſham, Kent. PLATE 323 22 [ 65 ] PLATE CCCLXXXIII. PYROCHROA RUBRA. BLACK-HEADED CARDINAL-BEETLE. COLEOPTERA. GENERIC CHARACTER Antennæ filiform, with pectinated teeth : head exſerted : thorax flat, orbicular, and immarginate : wing-caſes flexile : body oblong, and thickeft behind. SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Black : thorax, and wing-caſes fanguineous, without ſpots. PYROCHROA RUBRA. De Geer. 5. 20. 1. t. 1. f. 14. LAMPYRIs CoccinEA. Linn. Faun. Suec. 705 ? PYROCHROA COCCINEA: nigra thorace elytriſque fanguineis imma- culatis. Fabr. Ent. Syſt. T. I. p. 2. 104. 70.- Gmel. 1886. 18.-Marſh. Ent. Brit. T. I. p. 364. n. 2. The Pyrochroa rubra of De Geer is an extremely rare inſect in this country. In its general aſpect it bears a pretty ſtrong reſemblance to K another VOL. XI. 66 P L A T E CCCLXXXIII. another ſpecies of Pyrochroa already figured in this work*, our P.coc- cinea, and P. rubens of Fabricius. On a flight compariſon, the differ- ence is however obvious, Pyrochroa rubra being rather larger ; the fan- guineous colour of the ſuperior ſurface is alſo ſomewhat brighter, and the head of a deep black as in the lower ſurface of the body, while the head of our P. Coccinea is of the ſame red colour as the thorax, and wing-caſes.—Notwithſtanding thoſe differences, it ſhould be obſerved, that ſome doubts ſtill remain whether they are diſtinct ſpecies: the two ſexes of the fame ſpecies, or only mere varieties. We think them diftinct, but Fabricius, upon whoſe authority principally they have been feparated by moſt late writers, is not perfectly ſatisfied that they are ſo. The moſt diſtinguiſhing feature of the two inſects conſiſts in one hav- ing the head red, and the other black. This inſect is found on rotten willows. * Pl. 56. fig. 1, PLATE 384 [ 67 1 PLATE CCCLXXXIV. SPHINX ASILIFORMIS. CLEAR UNDER-WING HAWK-MOTH. LEPIDOPTERA. GENERIC CHARACTER. , Antennæ fomewhat priſm-formed, and thickeſt in the middle : tongue moſt commonly exſerted: feelers two: wings deflected. * Section Sefia; wings entire: tail bearded : palpi two, re- flected : tongue exſerted, and truncated: antenna cylindrical. SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Anterior wings fuſcous, pofterior ones tranſparent : abdomen bearded, black, with three yellow bands. SESIA ASILIFORMIS: alis anticis fuſcis: pofticis feneſtratis, ab- domine barbato atro: cingulis tribus flavis. Fabr. Ent. Syſt. T. 3. p. 1. 383. 16. SESIA ASILIFORMIS. Wien Schmetterl app. 305. Sphinx SESIA: alis primoribus fuſcis, pofterioribus feneſtratis, ab- domine atro: cingulis tribus flavis. Gmel. Linn. Syft. Nat. 2389. Sp. 102. Sphinx TABANIFORMIS. Naturf. 7. 110. 4. SPHINX ASILIFORMIS. Turt. Syft. Nat. 3. p. 181. Sphinx AsiliFORMIS. Huw. Lep. Brit. 69. p. 19. K 2 An 68 P L A T E CCCLXXXIV. An extremely rare ſpecies in England. We have a ſpecimen of it in very fine condition in the cabinet of the late 'Mr. Drury, that was taken near London, on the poplar. Fabricius ſpeaks of it as an inhabitant of the South of Europe. The ſmalleſt figure repreſents it in the natural fize. PLATE 325 1 3 2 1 [ 69 ] PLATE CCCLXXXV. FIG. I. I. APIS LAPIDARIA. RED-TAILED BEE. HYMENOPTERA. GENERIC CHARACTER. Mouth horny: jaw and lip membranaceous at the tip: tongue in- flected: feelers four, unequal, filiform : antennæ fhort, and filiform: those of the female ſomewhat clavated : fting of the females and neu- ters pungent, and concealed within the abdomen. SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Body of the female black, hirfute, with red tail : that of the male above black, hirſute, with red tail; face before the antennæ, and thorax at the baſe and apex yellow. APIS LAPIDARIA: hirſuta atra, ano fulvo. Linn. Fn. Suec. 1712.- Gmel. Linn. Syft. Nat. p. 2782. [p. 44. Apis LAPIDARIA. Fabr. Ent. Syft. T. 2. p. 320. n. 25. mas. Apis ARBUSTORUM. Fabr. Ent. Syft. T. 2. p. 320. n. 24. fem. APIS LAPIDARIA corpore femineo atro, hirſuto, ano rubro: corpore maſculo fupra atro, hirſuto, ano rubro; fafcie, tho- raciſque bafi et apice, flavis. Kirby Apium Angl. T. 2. p. 363. n. 106. L'abeille 70 P L A T E CCCLXXXV. L'abeille noire avec les derniers anneaux du ventre fauves. Et, L'abeille noire à couronne du corcelet citron, et extrémité du ventre fauve. Geoffr. Hift. Inf. p. 417. 1. 21 & 22. This bee, according to ſome recent obſervations of the Rev. Mr. Kirby, is to be conſidered as the neuter of Apis lapidaria, the fe- male of which was figured in plate 108 of this work, and a variety B in plate 88 at fig. 2. a In ſize and appearance it bears the neareſt reſemblance imaginable to the Fabrician Apis arbuſtorum, which laſt Mr. Kirby aſcertains to be the male of Apis lapidaria, a fact that would not eaſily have been ſuſpected, had not opportunities been afforded of attending to its ha- bits and manners in its native haunts. Reaumur ſpeaks of thoſe bees, with one or two citron coloured bands on the body, being found in the fame neſts with lapidaria. Mr. Kirby has alſo ſeen it enter the nidus of that ſpecies, but what, as he obſerves, appears to remove all doubts of their being the fame ſpecies, he ſaw the ſuppoſed male inſect in the collection of the late Peter Collinſon, with a memo- randum affixed to it fpecifying that he had ſeen it connected with Apis lapidaria FIG. II. APIS MUSCORUM. YELLOW-BODIED MOSS BEE. SPECIFIC CHARACTER. Hirſute, fulvous, abdomen yellow. APIS MUSCORUM : hirſute fulva, abdomine flavo. Linn. Faun. Suec. 1714.--Gmel. Linn. Syft. Nat. p. 2782. n. 46. APIS PLATE CCCLXXXV. 71 APIS MUSCORUM. Fabr. Ent. Syft. T. 2. p. 321. n. 31. APIS SENILIS. Fabr. Ent. Syft. T. 2. 324. n. 44. Muſcorum var. Apis MUSCORUM : hirſuto-flaveſcens ; thorace fulvo. Kirby Ap. Angl. T. 2. 317. 74. Apis Mufcorum is one of the more common ſpecies of wild bee found in Europe. It frequents fields and meadows, where it forms a neſt compoſed of moſs, in cavities or holes juſt below the ſurface of the earth. FIG. III. APIS BARBUTELLA. BARBUT'S BEE. SPECIFIC CHARACTER. Black, hirſute : anterior part of the thorax, with the ſcutel fulvous : abdomen ſubglobular, tail white. APIS BARBUTELLA: atra, hirſuta, ano albo; vertice, thorace, an- ticè, ſcutelloque, fulvis; abdomine ſubgloboſo. Kirby Ap. Angl. T. 2. p. 343. n. 93. There appear to be more than one or two diſtinct varieties of this kind of bee. The Fabrician Apis autumnalis, Apis faltuum, of Panzer, and Apis monacha, of Chriſtius, according to Mr. Kirby, are 72 PLATE CCCLXXXV. are all intended for the variety ß of his male Apis Barbutella, which he diſtinguiſhes as having the thoracic band, ſcutel, and baſe of the abdo- men hirfute, with greyith hairs. The deſcriptions certainly accord with it fo exactly, that we cannot heſitate in admitting the opinion of Mr. Kirby to be correct. APIS AUTUMNALIS hirta, thorace cineraſ- cente: faſcia nigra ; abdomine atro baſi cineraſcente, ano albo. Fabr*.—APIS SALTUUM hirſuta atra, thorace albo faſcia nigra abdo- mine antice anoque albis. Panz. Faun. Inf. Germ.--Another va- riety has the baſe of the thorax and tip obſcure yellowiſh, and the ab- domen immaculate at the baſe. Apis Barbutella is not very uncommon in the ſummer time among flowers : the variety called by Fabricius Au- tumnalis, is ſeen moſt commonly late in the and on thiſtles chiefly. year, * Deſcribed as a German inſect nearly allied to Apis ruderata from the cabinet of Smidt. “ Nineis affinis certe A ruderatæ at duplo minor. Caput atrum. Thorax hirtus, cineraſcens fafcia inter alas atra. Abdomen hirtun bafi cineraſcens, in medio atrum an, lato albo. Pedes nigri tarſis piceis.” Fabr. Ent. Syft. T. 2. p. 324. 43. PLATE 326 4 [ 73 ] PLATE CCCLXXXVI. FIG. I. II. PHALÆNA FLAVO-STRIGATA. ORANGE-BANDED CARPET. LEPIDOPTERA. GENERIC CILARACTER. Antennæ gradually tapering from the baſe : wings in general de deeted when at reft. Fly by night: * Geometra. SPECIFIC CHARACTER. . PHALÆNA FLAVO-STRIGATA. Wings pale, with deep yellowiſh clouded tranſverſe bands, and an obſeure central dot on the anterior ones. The natural ſize of this infect is ſhewn at Fig. 1. It is an elegant infect, and rather uncommon. FIG. III. PHALANA FUSCO-UNDATA. TESTACEOUS DARK-WAVED CARPET. SPECIFIC CHARACTER. PHALENA FUSCO-UNDATA. Anterior wings fubteſtaceous, with ira regular fuſcous waved bands, and a few fuſcous dots. L Nearly a VOL. XI. 74 PL A T E CCCLXXXVI. Nearly allied to the inſects known among Engliſh Aurelians by the name of the July high flyer, in its general appearance and markings, but different in colour, and is in particular deſtitute of the ſmall white ſpot on the band at the poſterior apex of the firſt pair of wings. This inſect is from Faverſham. FIG. IV. PHALÆNA BOMBYCATA. CHEVRON MOTH. SPECIFIC CHARACTER. PHALÆNA BOMBYCATA. Anterior wings pale and fuſcous, varie- gated with yellowiſh: a broad tranſverſe band of teſtaceous lines, with a central dark chevron-like mark in the middle. Found in the month of May, principally on the broom. PLATE 327 國 [ 75 ] PLATE CCCLXXXVII. CICADA BIFASCIATA. BIFASCIATED FROG HOPPER, MEMIPTERA. GENERIC CHARACTER. Snout inflected: antennæ fetaceous; four wings, membranaceous : legs in general formed for leaping. * Section Cercopis. Lip abbreviated, truncated, and emarginated. Fabr. SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Yellowiſh: wing-caſes fuſcous, with two whitiſh bands. CICADA BIFASCIATA : flaveſcens elytris fuſcis : fafciis duabus albi- dis. Linn. Syft. Nat. XII. 2. p.706. n. 11. Cicada fuſca, fafciis alarum binis albis. Linn. Fn. Suec. 1. n. 633.- 898 Cicada bifaſciata. Gmel. Linn. Syft. Nat. T. 1. p. 4. 2101. 11. Cercopis 2 faſciata. Fabr. Sp. Inf. 2. p. 330. n. 13.- Mant. Inf. 2. p. 275. n. 20.—Ent. Syft. T. 4. 56. 40. Panz. Fn. Germ. 7. tab. 20. Cicada trifaſciata, De Geer, Inf. 3. p. 186. n. 6. t. 11. f. 25 ? L2 This 70 PLATE CCCLXXXVII. This is a beautiful little ſpecies of the Linnæan Cicadæ, and by no means common. It inhabits Sweden according to Linnæus : from Panzer, it appears to be a German inſect, and it is alſo found in France. Our ſpecimen was taken near Faverſham, in Kent. The ſmalleſt figures in the annexed plate, deņote the natural fize of this inſect PLATE 388 [ 77 ] PLATE CCCLXXXVIII. PH A L ÆNA ME NDICA, SPOTTED MUSLIN MOTH. LEPIDOPTERA. GENERIC CHARACTER. Antennæ gradually tapering from the baſe to the tip: tongue ſpiral: wings in general deflected when at reft. Fly by night. * Bombyx. SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Wings of the male brown and obſcure : thoſe of the female, white and pellucid, both dotted with black, PHALANA MENDICA : alis deflexis nigro punctatis, femoribus anticis luteis. Linn. Syft. Nat. 2. 822. 47.—Gmel. Linn. Syft. Nat. 2423. n. 47. PHALÆNA MENDICA. Fabr. Ent. Syft. 3. 452. n. 139. Mas çinero fuſcus, fæmina albida punctis aliquot nigris. Femora antica barba lutea. Abdomen concolor. ibid. PHALÆNA MENDICA. Marſh, in Linn. Tranſ. T. 1. p. 72. The 78 P L A T E CCCLXXXVIII, The ſpotted Muſlin Moth is one of our rareſt ſpecies of Phalana in this country. The larva feeds ſecurely from the intruſion of the Entomologiſt in marſhes and watery places, ſubliſting entirely on aquatic plants, and is therefore ſcarcely even met with, except in the winged ſtate, which it affumes in May. The diffimilarity between the two ſexes of this ſpecies is altogether ſo very remarkable, that it is only from an intimate acquaintance with the manners of the two inſects in a ſtate of nature, or the concurrent teſtimony of many obſervers, that we could be induced to believe them both of the fame ſpecies. Fabricius, and Gmelin after him, ſays, the larva is greeniſh, hairy, with whirls of black dots, and yellowish head. The figures in Eſper, T. 3. pl. 42, repreſent the larva of a cinereous colour, verticillated with black dots, and tufts of ferruginous hairs. Other writers ſpeak of the head and tail being red. Thoſe different deſcriptions may be eaſily, how- ever, reconciled by preſuming thoſe authors had each noticed the larvæ at different periods of growth, or perhaps this diffimilarity may ſerve to point out the difference between the two ſexes, even in the larva ftate, PLATE 389 n 2 2 3 3 ( 79 ) PLATE CCCLXXXIX. FIG. I. I. CURCULIO RUBER. RED CURCULIO. COLEOPTERA. GENERIC CHARACTER. Antenna clavated, and ſeated on the fnout, which is horny and pro* minent: pofterior part of the head thick. SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Reddiſh-teſtaceous: thorax grey: wing-caſes clouded with whitiſh. CURCULIO RUBER: rufo teftaceus, thorace griſeo, elytris nebulis albicantibus. Marſh. Ent. Brit. T. i. p. 251. Sp. 39. This ſpecies, though ſmall, is intereſting for its rarity. The general colour of the body is reddiſh brown: head, and thorax fuſcous : wing- caſes ftriated, ſomewhat villoſe, and banded with whitiſh. Taken in Kent. FIG 80 P L A T E CCCLXXXIX. FIG. II. II. CURÇULIO LINEATUS. LINEATED CURCULIO. SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Fulvous : with three paler lines on the thorax. CURCULIO LINEATUS: fuscus, thorace ſtriis tribus pallidioribus. Linn. Syft. Nat. 616. 80.--Faun. Suec. 630.- Gmel. Linn. Syft. Nat. 1784. 80. CURCULIO LINEATUS. Fabr. Syft . Ent. 148. 111.-Sp. Inf. 1. 189. 155.-Mant. I. 116. 206. Ent. Syft. I. på 2. 466. 302. Curculio lineatus. Marſh. Ent. Brit. T. I. p. 309. Sp. 206. Curculio roſtro thoracis longitudine, thorace tribus ftriis pallidioribus. -et Le Charanfon à corcelet rayé. Geoffr. I. 283. છે 13. De Geer. Inf. 5. p. 247. n. 35. Schoeff Icon. t. 103. f. 8. Lives chiefly in rotten willows, and plants of the diadelphous kinds. This inſect we have occaſionally found pretty common. FIG. P L A T E CCCLXXXIX. 81 FIG. III. III. CURCULIO RUFUS. RUFOUS CURCULIO. SPLCIFIC CHARACTER. Rufous : eyes, breaſt, and abdomen anteriorly black. CURCULIO RUFUS: rufus, oculis, pectore, abdomineque antice nigris. Marſh. Ent. Brit. T. I. p. 261. Sp. 69. CURCULIO VIMINALIS. Fabr. Syft. Ent. 145. 92.-Sp. Inf. 1. 184. 126.—Mant. 1. 110. 115.- Ent. Syft. 1. p. 2. 447. 223. CURCULIo faltator Ulmi. De Geer, Inf. V.260. 48. t. 8. f. 5. Curculio rufus, femoribus pofticis craffioribus, elytris rufis. Le Cha- ranſon fauteur brun. Geoffr. Inf. 1. p. 286. n. 19. A very dark coloured variety of this ſpecies has been given already in this work, Fig. I. Pl. 249. The preſent figure is introduced in order to convey a more accurate idea of the general aſpect of the infect. They are occaſionally found to vary from a pale yellowilh, or clay colour, to deep rufous, but the moſt frequent variety is that now repr ſented. Found on the nut tree. VOL. XI. M PLATE M 399 2 顯 [ 83 ] P. L A T E CCCXC. FIG. I. SCARABÆUS AGRICOLA. AGRICOLA BEETLE. COLEOPTERA. GENERIC CHARACTER. Antennæ clavated, the club fiffile : fhanks of the anterior legs gene- rally dentated. * Section Melolontha, mandible arched, and ſomewhat dentated: wing-caſes Shorter than the body: naked extremity of the abdomen obliquely truncated. SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Braffy black : thorax villoſe : wing-caſes livid, with a black border, and arched band. SCARABÆUS AGRICOLA : nigro-æneus, thorace villoſo, elytris lividis : limbo faſciâque arcuatâ nigris. Marſh. Ent. Brit. T. I. p. 49. Sp. 76. SCARABÆUS AGRICOLA. Linn. Syft. Nat. 2. 553. 58. M2 Melon 84 P L A T E CCCXC. PLATE MELOLONTHA AGRICOLA : thorace villoſo, elytris lividis : limbo faſciaque nigris, clypeo apice reflexo. Fabr. Syſt. Ent. 37. 29.-Sp. Inf. I. 43. 44.-Mant. I. 23. 57.- Ent. Syft. I. 173. 74. SCARABAEUS AGRICOLA. Donov. Tour of South Wales. A. D. 1801--1804. Vol. 2. p. 239. Le Cyathiger. Scop. 6. About the latter end of the month of July, 1801, we were ſo for- tunate as to capture a living ſpecimen of Scarabæus Agricola, on the ſea coaſt of the county of Caermarthen, South Wales, thereby aſcertaining, beyond a doubt, the exiſtence of this lovely inſect in our own iſland. As an European ſpecies, it was well known be- fore the time of Linnæus, and has been fince mentioned by vari- ous continental authors, but no writer has hitherto ſpoken of it as a native of this country, with the exception of Mr. Marſham, who, on our authority, inſerted this ſpecies in his recent publication, En- tomologia Britannica. The diſcovery of this inſect we may con- ſider, therefore, of ſome moment to the Entomologiſt, if not a va- luable acceffion to the Britiſh Faunu. The beauty of this infect, when alive, was eminently ſtriking : the thorax did not appear of that obſcure duſky hue obſervable in dead fpecimens: both that part of the thorax, and the head, were of a rich braffy-green colour, and ſlightly villous; and the dark margin, with the band acroſs the wing-caſes, though black, were elegantly glofſed with purple FIG PLATE CCCXC. 85 FIG. II. SCARABÆUS FRISCHII. FRISCH'S BEETLE. * Section Melolontha. SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Braſſy black, gloſſy : wing-cafes teſtaceous. MELOLONTIA FRISCHII: nigro ænea nitida elytris teſtaceis. Fabr. Syft. Ent. 37. 25.—Sp. Inf. 1. 41. 35.-Mant. I. 21. 40.—Ent. Syft. I. p. 2. 167.53. SCARA BÆUS FRISCHII: æneus, elytris teſtaceis : futurâ virefcenti. Marſh. Ent. Brit. T. I. p. 40.Sp. 71. SCARABEUS FrischII. Donov. Tour of South Wales, Vol. I. p. 377. a The only ſpecimen of Scarabæus Friſchïï that we have yet feen alive, was obſerved crawling upon a meagre blade of the common mat-weed Arundo arenaria, that had ſecured itſelf a local habitation upon a ſand-hill on the ſea-coaſt, about a mile to the weſtward of Newton Bay, Glamorganſhire. The whole body, except the wing-caſes (which are teſtaceous) the lateral edges of the thorax, legs, eyes, and antennæ, were of a fine braffy purple. In ſome ſpecimens, the head, thorax, fcutel, and tail, are of a coppery green inſtead of purple. Mifs $6 P LA TE CCCXC. Mifs Hill found Scarabæus Friſchii among marine rejectumenta, near Braunton Burroughs, Devonſhire, on the ſhore of the Severn ſea, nearly oppoſite the county in which we diſcovered it, and in a fome- what ſimilar ſituation. Vide Marſh. Ent. Brit. a PLATE 391 1 [ 37 ] PLATE CCCXCI. GRYLLUS FLAVIPES. YELLOW-LEGGED GRASS-HOPPER HEMIPTERA. GENERIC CHARACTER. Head inflected, armed with jaws: feelers filiform : antennæ uſually ſetaceous, or filiform : wings four, deflected, convolute, the lower ones plaited: pofterior legs formed for leaping : claws double. * Section Gryllus. Antenna filiform: feelers equal, and filiform: tail fimple. SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Thorax above, and wing-caſes brown : anterior margin greenilh-yel- low: pofterior thighs yellow, beneath ſanguineous ; fhanks yellowiſh. GRYLLUS FLAVIPES: thorace fupra elytriſque brunneis: margine anteriori viridi-flavis, femoribus pofterioribus fubtus ſanguineis tibiiſque flavis. Linn. Syft. Nat. Gmel. Linn. Syft. Nat. 2088. n. 230. We are much inclined to ſuſpect that this beautiful ſpecies of Gryl- lus has not been delineated by any author, although it is one of the Linnæan 88 PL A T E CCCXCI. Linnæan inſects, and on that account more likely to have been noticed than many others. Linnæus faw it in the muſeum of Leſk, from whence he deſcribes it very accurately as an European inſect, in his Syftema Naturæ, and it appears likewiſe in Muſeum Leſkeianum. It is rather ſingular that Fabricius does not mention it. This is probably a rare ſpecies on the continent, or at leaſt it would appear fo from the filence of continental Entomologiſts reſpecting it. As a Britiſh Inſect Gryllus flavipes is uncommon, having been hi- therto found only by one or two collectors: they met with it in the vi- cinity of London, and ſpeak of it as a ſpecies peculiar to marſhy places, Found about the latter part of July. Both ſexes are repreſented in our plate in their natural fize, and in a flying poſition in order to diſplay their wings in the moſt pictureſque point of view. PLATE 392 (31) 2 1 3 2 3 [ 89 ] PLATE CCCXCII. FIG. I. I. PHALÆNA CRAMERELLA. CRAMER’S TINEA-MOTH. LEPIDOPTERA. GENERIC CHARACTER. Antennæ tapering gradually from the baſe : wings in general de- dected when at reſt. Fly by night. TINEA. SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Wings ſilvery, with three tranſverſe, browniſh, golden bands; and a black ſubocellated dot at the tip. TINEA CRAMERELLA: alis argenteis: lineolis obliquis marginalibus fafciis punctoque apicis atro. Fabr. Ent. Syjt. T. 3. p. 2. p. 327. Sp. 173. This we have every reaſon to believe muſt be the infe&t intended by Fabricius for his ſpecies Cramerella, allowing that his deſcription was taken from a waſted ſpecimen, in which the tranſverſe bands acroſs the wings appeared leſs diſtinct than in the inſe at we have figured. He ſpeaks N VOL. XI. 90 PLATE CCCXCII. of it as a minute ſpecies, and as an inhabitant of England. We have frequently taken it on ferns, and low herbage at the ſkirts of woods. FIG. II. II. PHALANA BLANCARDELLA. BLANCARD'S TINEA MOTH. SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Wings golden, with a ſilvery ſpace at the tip, and ſeven marginal fpots. TINEA BLANCARDELLA: alis auratis: lineola apicis maculifque feptem marginalibus argenteis. Fabr. Ent. Syft. T. 3. p. 2. p. 327. Sp. 175. Deſcribed by Fabricius as an Engliſh infect, from the cabinet of Yeats. This has the fame haunts as the preceding, and is equally common. FIG. III. III. PHALÆNA EMARGINELLA. CINEREOUS NOTCH-WING TINEA, SPECIFIC CHARACTER. Tinea EMARGINELLA. Anterior wings linear, and deeply emar- ginated at the outer edge: greyifh : apex ſtreaked with fuſcous. This P L A T E CCCXCII. 91 This ſpecies is found in Kent; it is very rare, and apparently undeſcribed by any author. There are ſeveral ſpecies of the Tortrix family that have the outer edge of the anterior wings emarginate, and are known among Engliſh collectors by the trivial epithet of Notch-wing Moths, but we do not recolleet to have obſerved the fame circumſtance in any of the Tinea tribe before: ſome few of the ſmaller fpecies have the edges of the wings jagged, or indented, but not exactly in this manner. N2 PLATE 393 . [ 93 ] PLATE CCCXCIII. CERAMBYX SCALARIS. YELLOW INDENTED-LINE CERAMBYX. COLEOPETRA. GENERIC CHARACTER. Antenna ſetaceous : eyes lunate, and embracing the baſe of the antennæ: thorax generally ſpinous, or gibbous : wing caſes ſomewhat Linear. * Section Saperda. Thorax unarmed, ſubcylindrical. SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Black, with an indented futural yellow line, and yellow dots on the wing caſes: antennæ moderate. CERAMBYX SCALARIS: mutico fubcylindrico, coleoptris linea fu- turali dentata, punctiſque flavis, antennis medio- cribus. Linn. Syft. Nat. 632. 55.—Gmel. Linn. Syft. Nat. T. 1. p. 4. 1837. 55.—Marſh. Ent. p Brit. T. 1. 329. n. 8. CERAMBYX FLAVOVIRIDIS. De Geer, Inf. 5. p. 77. n. 14. 5 LEPTURA SCALARIS. Linn. Faun. Suec. 697. SAPERDA SCALARIS. Fabr. Syft. Ent. 184. 2.-Sp. Inf. 1. 231. 2.—Mant. 1. 147. 2.--Ent. Syft. 307. 2. Panz. Ent. Germ. 256. 2. This 94 P L A T E CCCXCIII. This very beautiful inſect is recorded as a Britiſh ſpecies of Ce- rambyx, upon the authority of T. Swainſon, Eſq. of the Cuſtom- houſe, who found a ſpecimen of it in Dover-place, Surrey, fome years ago. Previous to that time it was perfectly well known to the conti- nental naturaliſts as an European inſect, but it does not appear to be conſidered as a common ſpecies in any country. The ſmalleſt figure ſhews the natural ſize of this inſect : an enlarged repreſentation is alſo given in order to exhibit the ſpecies to more ad- vantage. PLATE 397 OG ./ [95] PLATE CCCXCIV. CERAMBYX NEBULOSUS. CLOUDED CERAMBYX. COLEOPETRA. GENERIC CHARACTER. Antennæ ſetaceous : eyes lunate, and embracing the baſe of the antennæ : thorax generally ſpinous, or gibbous: wing-cafes ſomewhat linear. SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Thorax ſpinous: wing-caſes faſtigiate, dotted, and banded with black; antennæ long. CERAMBYX NEBULOSUS: thorace fpinofo, elytris faftigiatis : punc- tis faſciiſque nigris, antennis longioribus. Linn. Syft. Nat. 627. 29.— Fn. Suec. 650.-It. gotl. 173. -Gmel. Linn. Syft. Nat. T. 1. p. 4. 1821. Sp. 29. CERAMBYX NEBULOSUS. Fab. Syft. Ent. 168. 20.-Sp. Inf. 1. 215. 26.-Mant. 1. 134. 36.-Ent. Syft . T. 1. p. 2. 261. 35. Marſh. Ent. Brit. T. 1. p. 325. CERAMBYX NEBULOSUS. Sp. 2. Le Capricorne noir marbré de gris.-Et Cerambyx niger, elytris vellere cinereo marmoratis, antennis pedibuſque cinereo interſectis, Geoffr. 1. 204. Sp. 7. Cerambyx 96 P L A T E CCCXCIV. Cerambyx nebuloſus is an infect of intereſting figure, and under the lens of an opake microſcope, appears very elegant. Geoffroy in his Hiſtoire Abrégeé des Inſectes, obſerves that it has been found upon willows. Fabricius and Gmelin ſay it lives in the trunks of pines, and it is aſſerted to be highly injurious to the bark and timber of thoſe trees in ſome countries. It is not one of our rareſt infects in England, though far from common. PLATE 395 2 [ 97 ] PLATE CCCXCV. . LEPTURA DORSALIS. YELLOW BROAD-BANDED LEPTURA. COLEOPETRA. GENERIC CHARACTER. Antennæ fetaceous: head exſerted: eyes roundiſh, or oval and not embracing the baſe of the antennæ: thorax roundiſh, attenuated in front, and ſometimes ſpinous or toothed : body oblong. SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Black : wing-caſes with a broad tranſverſe yellow band : tip and two marginal ſpots ferruginous. LEPTURA DORSALIS: nigra, elytris flavo-faſciatis : apice macu- lifque duabus marginalibus ferrugineis. Marſh. Ent. Brit. T. 1. p. 343. 7. Leptura dorkalis was firſt diſcovered near Mancheſter, by Mr. Philips, of that place. It is a rare inſect, and ſeldom to be met with in Engliſh cabinets. Mr. Martham deſcribes the male as being eight lines in length, and the female ten. This is a very elegant ſpecies, and has not been figured by any author. VOL. XI. o FIG. 98 PL A T E CCCXCV. FIG. II. LEPTURA LAMED, FLEXUOUS-STRIPE LEPTURA. SPECIFIC CHARACTER Thorax fpinous, pubeſcent: wing-caſes faſtigiate, livid, with a narrow ſtripe down the middle, and a ſpot behind, duſky. STENOCORUS LAMED: thoraco ſpinoſo pubeſcente, elytris faftigi- atis lividis: tænia obſcura longitudinali finuata. Fabr. Ent. Syft. T. 1. p. 2. 293. 82. n. 2. STENOCORUS LAMED. Panz. Faun. Inf. Germ. This is one of our rareſt, and moſt intereſting ſpecies of Britiſh Lepturæ. The ſpecimen from which our figure is taken, we found in the Engliſh cabinet of the late Mr. Drury. It has not been hitherto deſcribed or noticed by any author as a Britiſh infect. PLATE 396 [991 PLATE CCCXCVI. SIREX JUVENCUS. BLUE-BODIED TAILED-WASP. - HYMENOPTERA. GENERIC CHARACTER, Mandible thick, horny, truncated at the tip, and denticulated : jaw incurvated, pointed, cylindrical, and ciliated : feelers four, pofterior pair longeſt, and thicker towards the extremity: antennæ filiform, of more than twenty-four equal joints: fting exſerted, ſtiff, and ferrated: abdomen feffile, and terminating in a point: wings lanceolate. a SPECIFIC CHARACTER. AND SYNONYMS. Abdomen deep blue: head and thorax greeniſh black, and villous. Sirex JUVENCUS: abdomine atro-cæruleſcente, thorace villoſo uni- colore. Linn. Faun. Suec. 1575.—Linn. Syft. Nat. 2. 929. 3.-Gmel. Linn. Syft. Nat. 2672. Fabr. Spec. inf. 1. p. 419. n. 6.--Mant. inf. 1. p. 257. n. 8.--Ent. Syft. T. 2. p. 126. 9. Urocerus. Schæff. icon. t. 205. f. 3. Sulz. hiſt. Inf. t. 26. f. 9. 10. We poſſeſs an Engliſh ſpecimen of this very ſcarce and beautiful inſect, Sirex Juvencus, in the cabinet of the late Mr. Drury, but whether 100 PLATE CCCXCVI. whether he caught it himſelf, or in what manner he obtained it, is entirely unknown to us.--However, a ſecond ſpecimen of the ſame infect, upon which we may be allowed to ſpeak with more confidence was lately communicated to us by Mr. Milton, engraver ; who caught it as it reſted againſt a window in one of the upper apartments of his houſe in Martlett's Court, Bow Street. It is not undeſerving of re- mark to the early entomologiſt, that many of our moſt choice, and rare infects, have occurred by accident in fimilar ſituations, and have never perhaps been found in any other. This infeet inhabits woods. There is a variety of it with yellow antennæ inſtead of black, and which ſometimes has the legs yellowiſh inſtead of rufous. LINNAAN INDEX TO V 0 L, XI. V O COLEOPTERA. Plate Fig. 1. 1. 390 390 378 368 362 362 362 362 362 365 365 365 365 6 2. 3. 4. 5. B 1. R 2. 3. 0 4. Scarabæus Agricola Friſchii ruricola Synodendron cylindricum Coccinella oblongo-guttata tredecim-punctata ſeptem-notata 24-punctata 24-punctata var. Chryſomela graminis graminis var. ruficornis rufipes 10-notata aucta hypochæridis Curculio ruber lineatus rufus var. Cerambyx nebulofus ſcalaris Leptura dorſalis lamed Pyrochroa rubra Carabus pilicornis femi-punctatus VOL. XI. . 373 373 1. 2. B - - 373 3. 389 1. 389 2. 389 3. 394 393 395 1. 395 2. 383 367 1, 367 2. НЕМІР. P Ι Ν D Ε Χ. H EMIPTERA. Fig. Plate 991 387 Gryllus flavipes Cicada bifaſciata Naucoris cimicoides Cimex venator 381 375 LEPIDOPTER A. Sphinx Carolina ---afiliformis Phalana mendica flavo-ſtrigata fufco-undata bombycata Potamogata ftagnata V-albana biliturana geminana trifaſciana arcuana dimidiana nebulana trimaculana betulana notana - fubocellana miniftrana Lundana obfcurana albidana Profanana Rhediella 361 384 388 386 1.2. 386 3. 386 4. 363 363 2. 371 371 2. 370 1. 370 2. 364 1. 364 2. 364 3. 369 1. 369 2 369 . 380 1. 380 2. 374 . 1. 374 377 2. 377 3. 377 1. o da oi ani do dia Phalana Ι Ν D Ε Χ. Plate 382 Fig. 1. 382 2. 382 Phalana triguttella Hubnerella tripunctella Cramerella Blancardella emarginella 1. 392 392 392 oooi on 2 HYMENOPTER A. - Sirex Juvencus Chalcis clavipes Veſpa decim-maculata Apis fphecoides Geoffroyella punctata floralis lapidaria, neuter mufcorum Barbutella 396 379 376 1. 376 2. 376 3. 376 4. 376 5. 385 1. 385 2. 385 3. DI P T E R A. Muſca pluvialis pulchella 372 366 P2 ALPHABETICAL INDEX TO VOL. XI. Plate Fig. 1. 2. 1. 2. 3. 2. 2. oi 2. . 4. Agricola, Scarabæus albidana, Phalana Arcuana, Phalana Afiliformis, Sphinx aucta, Chryſomela Barbutella, Apis betulana, Phalana bifaſciata, Cicada biliturana, Phalana Blancardella, Phalæna bombycata, Phalana Carolina, Sphinx Cimicoides, Naucoris clavipes, Chalcis Cramarella, Phalana cylindricum, Synodendron 10-maculata, Veſpa 10-notata, Chryſomela dimidiana, Phalana dorſalis, Leptura emarginella, Phalæna flavipes, Gryllus flavo-ſtrigata, Phalana floralis, Apis Friſchii, Scarabæus 390 377 364 384 373 385 369 387 371 392 386 361 381 879 S92 368 376 373 364 395 S92 891 386 376 390 1. 1. 1. 2. 1. 3. 1. 2. 5. 2. fuſco. IN DE X. Fig. Plate 386 370 376 365 365 382 373 396 395 585 os os - oi oi o 2. 1. 2. 389 374 1. 388 380 2. fuſco-undata, Phalana geminana, Phalana Geoffroyella, Apis Graminis, Chryſomela ---, var Hubnerella, Phalana hypochæridis, Chryſomela Juvencus, Sirex lamed, Cerambyx lapidaria, Apis lineatus, Curculio Lundana, Phalæna Mendica, Phalæna Miniftrana, Phalana Muſcorum, Apis nebulana, Phalæna nebulofus, Cerambyx notana, Phalana oblongo-guttata, Coccinella obſcurana, Phalæna pilicornis, Carabus pluvialis, Mufca profanana, Phalana Potamogata, Phalana pulchella, Muſca punctata, Apis Rhediella, Phalæna ruber, Curculio rubra, Pyrochroa ruficornis, Chryſomela rufipes, Chryſomela rufus, Curculio ruricola, Scarabæus ſemipunctatus, Carabus ſeptem-notata, Coccinella ſcalaris, Cerambyx 3. 2. 385 2. 364 3. 394 369 362 1. 374 367 1. 372 377 3. S63 1. 366 376 4. 377 1. 389 1. 383 365 865 389 3. 378 3. 4, 367 2 362 3 393 Sphecoides, oi oi Ι Ν D Ε Χ. Plate 376 363 Pig. 2. 2. 380 1. 2. 2. Sphecoides, Apis ſtagnata, Phalæna fubocellana, Phalana tredecim punctata, Coccinella trifafciana, Phalæna trimaculana, Phalana triguttella, Phalana tripunctella, Phalana V-albana, Phalana venator, Cimex 24-punctata, Coccinella 1. 1. 362 370 369 382 382 371 375 362 3. 1. 4.5. ERRATUM. Page 23, 1. 2. For Synodendron cylindricus reud Synodendrom cylindricum. Printed by Bye and Law, St. John's Square, Clerkenwell. THE NATURAL HISTORY OF BRITISH INSECTS; EXPLAINING THEM IN THEIR SEVERAL STATES, WITH THE PERIODS OF THEIR TRANSFORMATIONS, THEIR FOOD, ECONOMY, &c. TOGETHER WITH TIB HISTORY OF SUCH MINUTE INSECTS AS REQUIRE INVESTIGATION BY THE MICROSCOPE. THE WHOLE ILLUSTRATED BY COLOU RE D F I G U R E S, DESIGNED AND EXECUTED FROM LIVING SPECIMENS. By E. DON O V A N. VOL XII. LONDON: PRINTED FOR THE AUTHOR, And for F. and C. Rivington, Nº 62, ST. PAUL'S CHURCII-YARD. MDCCC VII. Printed by Law and Gilbert, St. John's Square, Clerkenwell. ve 391 2 3 THE NATURAL HISTORY OF BRITISH INSECTS. PLATE CCCXCVII. . FIG. I. PHALÆNA ZEBU. ZEBU, PROMINENT. LEPIDOPTERA. GENERIC CHARACTER. Antennæ gradually tapering from the baſe to the tip: wings in ge- neral deflected when at reſt. Fly by night. BOMBYX. . SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. BOMBYX ZEBU. Wings deflected : back fingle toothed : thorax rufous : anterior wings pale rufous and fulvous varied, with two obsolete denticulate yellowiſh bands. VOL. XII. B LE CHAMEAU. P L A T E CCCXCVII. . LE CHAMEAU. Chenille du Tremble, var. e. f. Ernſt. Fig. 267. BOMBYX DROMEDARULUS. Small iron prominent. Haworth. Lep. Brit. p. 101, n. 29. Our Zebu Prominent, or, as the Aurelians call it, the ſmall Iron Prominent, is extremely ſcarce. It was diſcovered in the larva ſtate upon the oak : in the month of September it went into the ground and became a pupa; the moth appeared in June following. This infect differs from the Fabrician Bombyx Dromedarius, or what is termed with us the Iron Prominent in ſeveral reſpects, though at the firſt view it ſeems to bear a very ſtrong reſemblance to that fpecies. We object to the trivial Engliſh name of ſmall Iron Pro- minent, becauſe it is only applicable, in a partial degree, to the infect. Our Zebu Prominent is certainly ſmaller than the infect known in this country by the name of Iron Prominent, but this is not in- variably the caſe. We have ſeen the male of the Iron Prominent of a fize nearly, if not entirely, as diminutive as our ſpecimens of the Zebu Prominent; and if we may rely on the accuracy of the figures of the latter in the works of Ernſt, the Bombyx Dromedarius is not an inſect of much ſuperior magnitude. We may truly infer from the figures above mentioned, that the diminutive ſize of our Zebu is no crite- rion of the ſpecies. A decided difference in point of colour, and in ſome other parti- culars, prevails between the two inſects. In Bombyx Dromedarius the colour of the ſuperior wings is fuscous moſt delicately ſpeckled, as it appears on clofe inſpection, with grey; the ſpots of a deep rusty-iron colour, and the denticulated bands acroſs the wings whitiſh, diſtinct PLATE CCCXCVII. 3 diſtinct, and well relieved with fuſcous, and ferruginous. In our in- fect the general colour is pale rufous ſlightly tinged with fuſcous in the area of the wing, and varied towards the circumference with deep fulvous: the denticulated bands acroſs are diſpoſed in a fimilar man- ner to thoſe on the wings of Bombyx Dromedarius, but are of a yel- lowiſh inſtead of whitiſh colour, and nearly obſolete. So far as our own obſervation extends there is a difference alſo in the poſterior wings: in our Bombyx Zebu thoſe wings are of a very pale fuſcous with only a ſingle fainter band; in Bombyx Dromedarius the wings are paler ftill; it has likewiſe a fimilar band, but which is rather more denticulated, and being bounded both above and below with a duſky band, the wings appear of a lighter colour next the poſterior margin, and in the diſk of the wing; the latter part has alſo a fingle ſhort transverse daſh of a duſky colour. A further difference is ob- ſervable in the lower ſurface: the general tint in our B. Zebu is pale ferruginous; in B. Dromedarius greyiſh, with the lower pair whitiſh, and in both, the bands conſpicuous: the tip of the anterior pair in B. Zebu teftaceo-fuſcous, in B. Dromedarius diſtinctly grey; and the central ſpot in the lower wings of the latter fuſcous with a white ſpeck in the center, but in B. Zebu plain teſtaceous without any central mark. In the “ Lepidoptera Britannica," Mr. Haworth deſcribes our Bombyx Zebu as a ſpecies perfectly new, under the name of Bombyx Dromedarulus. The ſpecimens from which his deſcription is taken were thoſe in the cabinet of Mr. Drury, and which are now in our poſſeſſion. This inſect was probably new to the Aurelians of this country, but certainly not ſo to the continental entomologiſts, and thoſe ſhould affuredly have been conſulted previouſly to its being deſcribed as a nondeſcript inſect. In the works of Ernſt which this ingenious writer has overlooked, will be found a figure both of the upper and lower fur- face of the inſect from a larger ſpecimen than our own, and tolerably expreffive; and with a defcription of the infect equally ſatisfactory. It appears from thence that the figures are copied by Ernſt from a female ſpecimen in the noble collection of M. Gerning, of Frankfort, B2 which 4 PL A TE CCCXCVII. which contains beſides the male of the fame infect. Ernſt is evi. dently in doubt whether to conſider it as a variety of the Bombyx Dromedarius differing only from that inſect in the gradations of co- lour, or as a diſtinct fpecies ; this he leaves for time and future re- ſearches to determine. He obſerves, however, and it is a ſtrong ar- gument in favour of its being diſtinct, that the males in M. Gerning's collection, are of the ſame colour as the female he repreſents, and the like circumſtance is exemplified in our ſpecimens *. The variety fig. 1. of the B. Tritophus of Eſper appears to be of the fame ſpecies as our B. Zebu, but of this we cannot ſpeak with confidence. Schneider certainly notices it. Fabricius proba- bly conſidered it as a variety of B. Dromedarius, FIG. II. PHALANA CASSINIA. TRILINEATED MOTH. SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Wings defected, grey with abbreviated ſcattered black lines: thorax with a black line each fide, and in the middle. a * “M. Gerning qui poſſéde dans ſa collection l'individu femelle dont nous donnons le portrait en deffus et en deffous, fig. 267. e, f, le croit une variété de cette efpèce, malgré la différence que l'on y remarque dans les nuances. Cependant comme il a des máles de la même couleur, il n'oſe aſſurer que ce ne foit point une eſpèce différente, Le temps feul et les reſerches peuvent nos en rendre certain.” Ernſ. BOMBYX P L A T E CCCXCVII. 5 BOMBYX CASSINIA: alis deflexis griſeis : lineolis abbreviatis nigris ſparſis. Fabr. Ent. Syft. T. 3. p. I. 460. n. 164. B. CASSINIUS. SPRAWLER. Haw. Lep. Brit. p. 106. n. 40 ? p Fabricius deſcribes his Bombyx Caffinia as a native of Auſtria from the cabinet of Schieffermyller. It is found on the Lime. If this be of the ſame ſpecies as the B. Caffinius above quoted, it is alſo found in the larva ſtate on the oak, and appears in the winged frate in Sep- tember. This infect, conſidered as a Britiſh ſpecies, is almoſt equally as ſcarce as the preceding, Bombyx Zebu. FIG. III. NOCTUA AURICULA. GOLDEN DAR MOTH. SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. a Noctua AURICULA. Anterior wings ſub-ferruginous with a ſmall fulvous fpot, and in the middle a larger ear-ihaped yellow ſpot encloſing a lunar ring. L'Eclatante. Barnft . II. part, v. 6. n. 394. This a 6 PLATE CCCXCVII. This inſect has been erroneouſly confidered by Eſper and others as the Phalana nietitans of Linnæus, an inſect which it pretty much reſembles, but from which it differs fpecifically. This circumſtance is mentioned particularly by Ernſt, who deſcribes and figures both the Linnæan ſpecies, and the inſect miſtaken for it. The ſpecimens he delineates are in the cabinet of M. Gerning of Frankfort. Ernſt deſcribes our inſect as a ſcarce ſpecies in Germany: in England we believe it is very rare; the only ſpecimen we pofſels is in the ca- binet of Mr. Drury. PLATE 398 [ 7 ] PLATE CCCXCVIII. TENTHREDO FASCIATA. BANDED SAW-FLY. HYMENOPTERA. GENERIC CHARACTER. Mouth with a horny mandible, curved, and toothed within ; jaw ftraight and obtuſe at the tips : lip cylindrical and three cleft: feelers four unequal and filiform : wings flat and tumid: ſting compoſed of two ſerrated laminæ and ſcarcely diſcloſed. SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Deep black : antennæ black: upper wings with a fuſcous band. TENTHREDO FASCIATA: atra, antennis nigris, alis primoribus faſcia fuſca. Fabr. Sp, Inf. 1. p. 407. N. 8.--Gmel. . Syft. Nat. 2655.7. Tenthredo antennis clavatis nigris, abdomine glabro atro, alis ſuperi- oribus faſcia fuſca. Linn. Syft. Nat. 12. 2. p. 921, n. 7.-Fn. Suec. 1538. This is a rare inſect in England. Linnæus deſcribes it as a native ef Sweden, Panzer as a German ſpecies, and by other writers it is mentioned as a general inhabitant of Europe. Fabricius 8 PLATE CCCXCVIII. Fabricius ſpeaks of a ſmall white band at the baſe of the firſt abdo. minal fegment of this ſpecies : in our Britiſh ſpecimen, the whole of this ſegment is of a pale or whitiſh colour inſtead of the baſe only, and it appears from the figure given by Panzer, Fn. Germ. that the ſame circumſtance is obſervable in the individual he has delineated. The larva, and metamorphoſes of this ſpecies of Tenthredo has not hitherto been aſcertained by any writer. PLATE 399 2 [9] PLATE CCCXCIX. FIG. I. I. APIS DRURIELLA. DRURY'S BEE. HYMENOPTERA. GENERIC CHARCTER. luuw worny: jaw and lip membranaceous at the tip: tongue flected: feelers four, unequal, filiform: antennæ fhort, and filiform; hoſe of the female ſomewhat clavated: ſting of the females and neuters pungent, and concealed within the abdomen, SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Black with cinereous down: antennæ fulvous beneath: laſt joints of the abdomen mucronated on each ſide. APIS DRURIELLA: nigra, hirſuto cineraſcens; antennis fubtus fulvis; abdomine ſegmentis pofticis utrinque mucronatis. Kirby. Ap. Angl. v.%. p. 285. n. 62. VOL. II. с This 10 PLATE CCCXCIX. This very uncommon ſpecies of Apis is not mentioned by any entomological writer, except Mr. Kirby, whoſe “Monographia Apum Angliæ" affords a minute deſcription of it. Mr. Kirby deſcribed it from a ſpecimen in the cabinet of the late Mr. Drury, and afligned it the name of Druriella, in compliment to that zealous collector and writer; and we are perfectly diſpoſed, for the ſame reaſon, to adopt it. It is almoſt needleſs to add, that being in poffeffion of the Englith entomological cabinet of the late Mr. Drury, our figures are delineated from the individual inſect Mr. Kirby deſcribed. The ſmalleſt infect at fig. 1. I. repreſents Apis Druriella in its natural fize, that above exhibits its magnified appearance. FIG. II. II. APIS VARIEGATA. VARIEGATED BEE. SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Thorax and abdomen variegated with white: legs ferruginous. APIS VARIEGATA: thorace abdomineque albo variegatis, pedibus ferrugineis. Linn. Fn. Suec. 1699. NOMADA VARIEGATA: Fabr. Ent. Syſt. T. 2. p. 347. n. 5. Apis VARIEGATA: nigra ; trunco, abdomineque, albido variegatis; pedibus ferrugineis. Kirby Apium Angl. p. 222. n. 36. Panzer. In. Inf. Germ. Init. n. 61. tab. 20. Forft. Cat. Brit. Inf. n. 1033. Apis. n. 26. Apis muſcaria, Chriſtii. Hymenop. p. 195. tab. 17. fig. 5. Apis PLATE CCCXCIX 11 Apis variegata, though an inſect of a ſmall fize, is intereſting for its rarity and elegance. This pretty ſpecies was firſt introduced to obſervation, as a Britiſh Inſect, by Dr. Forſter, in his “ Nove Species Infectorum Centuria prima.” Since his time, it ſeems to have been mentioned only by Mr. Kirby, who, in his work entitled Monographia Apum Anglia, obſerves, that he firſt ſaw this bee in the cabinet of Mr. Drury, and afterwards found it, but by no means common, in the autumn of two ſucceeding years, 1797 and 1798, flying about funny banks ; it is remarkable, that after the time laſt mentioned he never met with it. This infect is liable to vary a little in colour in different individuals; and it is further obſervable, that the Engliſh ſpecimens are ſmaller than thoſe found in other parts of Europe. C2 PLATE 100 [ 13 ] PLATE CCCC. LUCANUS INERMIS. SHORT-HORNED STAG BEETLE. COLEOPTERA. GENERIC CHARACTER Antenna clavated, the club compreſſed and divided into pectinated leaves: jaws projecting and dentated: two palpigerous tufts under the lip: body oblong: anterior fhanks dentated. SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Convex, brown: jaws ſhort, with raiſed lateral teeth. LUCANUS INERMIS: convexus brunneus, maxillis brevibus, dente laterali elevato. Marſh. Ent. Brit. T. I. p. 48. . n. 2. LUCANUS CERVUS. Linn. Faun. Suec. 405. Lucanus Cervus. Var.ß. Gmel. 1588. I. Fabr. Ent. Syft. 1. p. 2. 236. 2. Var. B. Lucanus Dorcas. Harr. 5. 2. Platycerus. La Grande Biche. Geoffr. I. 62. 2. The 14 PLATE CCCC. . The Short-horned Stag-beetle is conſidered by almoſt every writer either as the female, or as a variety of the Linnæan Lucanus Cervus. This opinion is controverted by Mr. Marſham, who informs us in his Entomologia Britannica, that he has taken the two ſexes of the Cervus Lucanus together, in a ſtate that can admit of no doubt, that they were really the two ſexes of that ſpecies; or, at leaſt, that there are both males and females of the long-horned kind. At the ſame time the evidence of Geoffroy is adduced to prove ſtill further, that there are two diſtinct ſexes of the Short-horned Stag Beetle, the infect hitherto believed by many to be the true female of Cervus Lucanus. The accuracy of the obſervations, upon which the aſſertions of the above mentioned authors are founded, admits of little diſpute : that the infects in queſtion have been found in the ſituation before intimated we muſt readily believe; but as this might happen whether they were in reality of the fame ſpecies or not; and as the opinion generally ſupported by authors of the firſt reſpectability is in favour of the Short-horned Stag Beetle being the female of the other kind, it is proper we ſhould ſay a few words further reſpecting them. Roeſel, in his deſcription of the Cervus Lucanus, expreſsly tells us, he has found the male of that inſect and the Short-horned Stag together, and concludes that they are of the ſame ſpecies. To this may be added the authority of Linnæus, who caught them in the ſame ſituation, and naturally inferred, for the ſame reaſon, that they were the two ſexes of an individual ſpecies. Neither are thoſe the only writers, who mention the ſame circumſtance; and beſides thofe, the fact is ſufficiently well known to many practical collectors, who have obſerved them in the ſame ſtate, without in the leaſt ſuſpecting that they were in reality the male and female of two diftinct, though very analogous ſpecies. When PLATE CCCC. 15 a When two infe&ts, however diffimilar in appearance, occur together in this ſtate, it is a natural conclufion, that they are the two ſexes of a the ſame ſpecies. This is pretty generally, but not invariably the fact. It requires only a very curſory attention, for example, to the genera of Cicada and Coccinella to prove, that the moſt promiſcuous intercourſe prevails between the two ſexes of the greater number of ſpecies in thoſe extenfive genera ; and that the varieties ariſing from this intercouſe of the ſexes are the ſource of inexplicable confuſion to the entomologiſt; a ſpurious brood being by that means intro- duced, that cannot eaſily be reduced to either of the parent species. The fame applies, though certainly with a leſs degree of latitude, to fome larger infe&ts, eſpecially in the Coleoptera tribe. We muſt allow, that, though it is almoſt a concluſive evidence, when we find inſects of the two ſexes coupled together, that they are of the fame ſpecies; but it does not follow, as a matter of certainty, that they are ſuch : the concluſion is ſpecious, and in general correct, but we cannot always depend on it. Even ſo it appears with regard to the Long-horned and Short-horned Stag Beetles : when we find, as is not unfrequently the caſe, thoſe two inſects connected together, we conclude, they are the true male and female of the fame ſpecies; and probably without further ex- amination aſſent to the popular notion, that the horned kind is the male, and the hornleſs fort the female, whereas perhaps the very reverſe might with a flight attention be ſometimes diſcovered ; we might detect the horned female with the hornleſs male. It is a little remarkable we muſt indeed confefs, in admitting that there are males and females of both kinds, that thoſe rovers ſhould ſo rarely occur in connection with the inſects, which nature has ordained as their reſpective mates. It has been previouſly remarked, that we may reſt aſſured at leaſt, that there are males as well as females both of the Short and the Long-horned Stag Beetles. Geoffroy is believed to have been the firſt writer, who diſcovered the error of confounding the former with the female of the latter : he deſcribes the Short-horned kind under the 16 PLATE CCCC. the name of La Grande Biche, and tells us he has frequently ſeen both ſexes of this inſect coupled together*. He obſerves, however, that he has never ſeen the two ſexes of the long-horned kind in the fame ſtate, a circumſtance that in our mind rather weakens than con- firms the ſtrength of his former remark. Neither does Geoffroy take notice of any difference of appearance between the male and female of his Grand Biche, which leaves us in further doubt. If, notwith- ſtanding, we can rely upon this writer, one diſputed fact may be col. lected from the reſult of his remarks, namely, that there are both males and females of the Short-horned Stag Beetle. This point attained, our attention is next directed to diſcover the true female of Cervus Lucanus; and this, if we are not miſtaken, has been noticed only by Mr. Marſham. This gentleman, as it appears from the Entomologia Britannica, was ſo fortunate as to take the two ſexes together, ſome years ago. The female is deſcribed as being in no reſpect different from the male, except in ſize, which is ſmaller; the horns are as large in proportion, they are beſet with about ſeven nearly equal and approximate teeth, and have not one larger and remote from the reſt. The diſcovery of the female of the Lucanus Cervus was a defirable circumſtance; not merely as being the means of aſcertaining the hiſtory of that infect, but as adding a further confirmation to the obſervations of Geoffroy, with regard to the Short-horned Stag, which they ſeem to us to requireť. We have no doubt, that Geoffroy diſcovered both ſexes of the Grande Biche, but it would have been more ſatisfactory had he been acquainted with the true female of the Cervus Lucanus. We need a * « Cette animal (La Grande Biche) reſemble beaucoup au précédent; quelques perſonnes même ont cru qu'il n'en differoit que par la fexe, prenant celui-ci pour la femelle, et le cerf-volant pour la mâle : mais quoiquils ſe reſemblent beaucoup pour la forme, la grandeur, et la couleur, il eſt prouférent pas ſeulement par le ſexe, ayant rencontré pluſieurs fois des biches accouplées enſemble, et jamais avec des cerfs volans. + . Et nos etiam Geoffroyii fententiam comprobamus, cornutos enim copulâ conjun&us cepainus.” Marſh. Ent. Brit. T. I. p. 48. n, 2. only PLATE CCCC. 17 only add, that no doubt can remain as to the two Long-horned Stag Beetles, taken by Mr. Marſham, being a male and female, as they were diffected by Mr. Leman to determine the fact with preciſion The Short-horned Stag Beetle has the fame haunts as the Cervus Lucanus, being found chiefly in the trunks of old or rotten trees, and is not uncommon. VOL. XIX D PLATE 40 2 ltos 3 [ 19 ] PLATE CCCCI. FIG. I. MUSCA PYRASTRI. DIPTERA. GENERIC CHARACTER. Mouth with a ſoft exſerted fleſhy, proboſcis, and two unequal lips : fucker beſet with briſtles : feelers ſhort and two in number, or ſome times none: antennæ uſually ſhort. * Antennæ a naked briſtle. SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Almoſt naked, black: thorax immaculate: abdomen with three pair of recurved whitiſh lunules. MUSCA PYRASTår: nudiufcula, nigra, thorace immaculato, abdo- mine bis tribus lunulis albis recurvatis. Linn. Fn. Suec. 1817. Scop. Ent. Carn. 931. Gmel. Linn. Syft. Nat. 2875. Sp. 51. SYRPHUS PYPASTRI. Fabr. Spec. Inſ. 2. p. 432. n. 58.-Mant. . . Inf. 2. p. 340. n. 67.-Ent. Syft. T. 4. 305. n. 102. MUSCA - D2 20 PLATE CCCCI. MUSCA ROSÆ. De Geer. Inf. 6. p. 108. n. 5. t. 6. fig. 18. Mufca thorace nigro-viridi, abdomine atro ovato, tribus paribus lunularum albicantium.--La mouche à fix taches blanches en croiſſant ſur le ventre. Geoffr. Inf. 2. 517. n. 46. Friſch. Inf. 11. t. 22. f. 1. Reaum. Inf. 3. t. 31. f.9. a The larva of this Infect feeds on the ſpecies of aphis that infeſts the common pear; it is of a fine green colour, with a ſingle yellowiſh white dorſal line, extending the whole length, from the head to the extremity of the tail. The winged infect occurs in gardens. FIG. II. MUSCA CAEMETERIORUM. SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Braſſy black: abdomen depreſſed, black, and ſhining : wings blackiſh. MUSCA CAEMETERIORUM : nigro aeneus abdomine depreffo atro nitido, alis nigricantibus. Linn. Fn. Suec. 1842. Syft. Nat. 2. 992. 32. SYRPHUS CAEMETERIORUM: Fabr. Ent. Syft. T. 4. p. 303. n. 94. Inhabits Sweden, and other parts of Europe, as well as England. FIG. PLATE CCCCI. 21 FIG. III. MUSCA RIBESI I. RED CURRANT-LOUSE FLY. SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Almoſt naked: thorax immaculate: abdomen with four yellow belts, the firſt interrupted. Musca RIBESCII: nigra nudiuſcula, thorace immaculato, abdo- mine cingulis quatuor flavis: primo interrupto. Linn. Fn. Suec. 1817.--Gmel. Linn. Syft. Nat. 2875. n. 50. Feeds on the aphides ribis, or plant-louſe, that infeſts the red currant. This inſect agrees with the Linnæan ſpecific deſcription of Ribeſcii; yet we muſt obſerve, that the extreme ſegment of the abdomen being yellow, ſeems to form a fifth, or additional yellow band, to the four, deſcribed by that author and by Fabricius. a PLATE [ 23 ] PLATE CCCCII. TENTHREDO SERICEA. SILKY SAW-FLY. HYMENOPTERA. GENERIC CHARACTER Mouth with a horny mandible, curved and toothed within: jaw ſtraight and obtufe at the tips : lips cylindrical and three cleft : feelers four unequal and filiform: wings flat and tumid: ſting compoſed of two ſerrated laminæ, and ſcarcely diſcloſed. SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Antennæ clavated, reddiſh, or black; abdomen green, or duſky, , and bronzed. - TENTHREDO SERICEA: antennis clavatis luteis, thorace atro: abdomine aeneo. Linn. Syft. Nat. 2.921. 8.- Schaeff. Elem. Tab. 51. B Tenthredo nitens antennis clavatis luteis, abdomine viridi coerule- ſcente nitente: Linn. Syft. Nat. 2. 922. 10.- Fn. Suec. 1532.-Sulz. Inf. tab. 18. fig. 109. - The two fexes of Tenthredo Sericea differ ſo greatly from each other, that fome authors have miſtaken them for diſtinct ſpecies. Linnæus 24 PLATE CCCCII. Linnæus deſcribes the male as a variety of the female. The male inſect, which we have repreſented, is of a beautiful ſilky greeniſh colour, gloffed with a braffy luſtre, the antennæ clavated and brown: legs yellow, except at the baſe of the thighs, which are black, and the five laſt joints of the abdomen marked in the center with a broad ftripe of dark, or velvetty black. The female has the colours through- out more obſcure, the antenna are duſky, approaching black; the thorax dark, and the abdomen braffy, but tinged with a fombrous hue inſtead of green, and the wings are rather darker than in the male. a This elegant ſpecies is inſerted among our Britiſh Inſects the authority of two ſpecimens, which we are credibly informed were found in England. Fabricius deſcribes it as the offspring of a ſhort green-coloured larva, which is marked with two yellow lines, and has a cinereous head, with a reddiſh brown band. It feeds on the alder. upon PLATE 403 2 [ 25 ] PL A T E CCCCIII. FIG. I. APIS IRICOLOR. IRICOLOR BEE. HYMENOPTERA. GENERIC CHARACTER. Mouth horny: jaw and lip membranaceous at the tip: tongue inflected: feelers four, unequal, filiform: antenne Thort, and filiform; thoſe of the female ſomewhat clavated: ſting of the females and neuters pungent, and concealed within the abdomen. SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Violaceous, above glabrous: wings blackiſh, APIS IRICOLOR: violacea, fupra glabra; alis nigricantibus. Kirby, Ap. Angl. T. 2. p. 310. n. 72. Drury Inf. Vol. I. p. 108. tab. 45. fig. 3. Apis Virens: Chriſtii Hymenop. p. 123. tab. 6, fig. 2. Apis Iricolor is, a large and beautiful ſpecies, but which, we are almoſt perſuaded, has been introduced into the Britiſh Catalogue without fufficient reafon. Mr. Kirby found it in Dr. Lathan's E cabinet VOL. XII. 26 PLATE CCCCIII. cabinet among his Engliſh apes; but Dr. Latham did not recollect where it was taken, or upon what authority he conſiders it as Bri- tiſh. Notwithſtanding this, Mr. Kirby has inſerted the ſpecies in his “ Monographia Apum Anglia”, and, in compliance with this authority, we have ventured to introduce it into the preſent Work; conceiving, that after this explicit avowal of our only motive for enumerating it among the Britiſh Inſects, we ſhall not be deemed entirely reſponſible for the accuracy of our information. Apis iricolor is well-known as a native of the Weſt Indies. Mr. Drury's work on Exotic Inſects contains the figure of a ſpecimen he received from the iſland of Jamaica. It very much reſembles the Linnæan apis violacea, but has the body violaceous inſtead of black, and the wings blackiſh inſtead of violet. We ſhould obſerve, that the wings in our ſpecimen of Apis Iricolor does not appear to be ſo dark or blackiſh in colour as in the individual figured and deſcribed by Drury; they are dulky, rather inclining to brown, and lightly gloffed with green: the thorax fine blue, and very glabrous; abdomen inclining more to greeniſh, and the ſegments edged at the baſe with fine reddiſh purple. FIG. II. II. APIS BANKSIANA. BANKSIAN BEE. SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONY MS. Deep black, ſhining, glabrous; claws rufous. Apis BANKSIANA: atra, nitida, glabriuſcula; digitis rufis. Kirby Ap. Angl. T. 2. p. 179. n. 3. Very PLATE CCCCIII. 27 Very ſimilar to the Apis Linnaella of Kirby, but twice its fize: Apis Linnæella is likewiſe diſtinguiſhed by having the extreme half of the antennae rufous; whereas in the Apis Bankfiana, the whole of the antennæ is black. This new ſpecies is named after Sir Joſeph Banks, Bart. It is a rare inſect. The ſmalleſt figure denotes the natural fize. E 2 PLATE [ 29 ] PLATE CCCCIV. FIG. I. SCARABÆUS FIMETARIUS. COLEOPTERA. GENERIC CHARACTER. Antennæ clavated, the club fiffile: fhanks of the anterior legs generally dentated. SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Head tuberculated: wing-cafes red: body black. SCARARÆUS FIMETARIUS: capite tuberculato, elytris rubris, corpore nigro. Marſh. Ent. Brit. T. 1. p. 10. n. 7. SCARABÆUS FIMETARIUS: ater, capite tuberculato, elytris rubris. Linn. In. Suec. 385.-Syft. Nat. 548. 32.- Fabr. ſp. Inf. 1. p. 16. n. 64. Ent. Syft. 1. 27. 84. Scarabæus pilularius nonus. Raj. Inf. p. 106. n. 9. LE SCARABÉ BEDEAU : Geoffr. Inf. 1. p. 81. n. 18. Very common in the dung of cattle. In 30 PLATE CCCCIV. The head of this infect is black: the ſhield of the head fubrotund: thorax punctured and black, with a large anterior teſtaceous ſpot on each fide. The colour of the wing-cafes vary from rufous brown to reddiſh : the legs are black, except the tarfi, which are rufous. FIG. II. SCARABÆUS SORDIDUS. SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Head tuberculated : thorace black: margin pale with a black dot on each ſide: wing-caſes teſtaceous. SCARA BÆUS SORDIDUS: capite tuberculato, thorace nigro : margino pallido: puncto nigro, elytris-teftaceis. Marſh. Ent. Syſt. T. 1. p. 10. n. 6. SCARABÆUS SORDIDUS: capite tuberculato, thorace nigro : mar- gine pallido, puncto nigro, elytris griſeis. Fabr. Spec. Inf. I. 17. 68.-Syft. Ent. 16. 55.- Ent. Syft. I. 29.90.-Schaeff. Icon. t. 74. f. 3. This inſect is the ſame fize as the preceding, the figure in our plate being magnified; and, like that ſpecies, it is found in horſe-dung, but leſs frequently. The antennæ are pale: head pale with three tuberculations: thorax punctured, black, with an entire pale or reddiſh border, which is broadeſt PLATE CCCCIV. S1 broadeſt at the ſides, and a ſingle lateral dot of black: wing caſes ſordid teſtaceous, and marked in general with two black dots each, but which in fome ſpecimens are ſcarcely viſible. FIG. III. SCARABÆUS SORDIDUS. Var. Among other varieties of Scarabæus sordidus, we ſometimes obſerve it without any of thoſe black ſpots, which appear fo con- fpicuous on the wing-caſes of the inſect delineated at No. 2. An enlarged figure of this immaculate variety is repreſented at fig. 3. FIG. IV. SCARABÆUS COPRINUS. SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Deep black, wing-caſes teftaceous with dotted ftriæ, and black future. SCARABEUS COPRINUS: ater, elytris punctato-ſtriatis teſtaceis : futura nigra. Marſh. Ent. Syſt. T. 1. p. 12. n. 11. . SCARAPÆUS SORDENS. Gmel. 1546. 413? a Found in dung. This is a ſcarce ſpecies, and has not been noticed by Fabricius. PLATE 405 [ 33 ] PLATE CCCCV. PAPILIO PILOSELLÆ. LARGE HEATH, OR GATE-KEEPER BUTTERFLY, LEPIDOPTERA. GENERIC CHARACTER. Antennæ terminated in a club : wings erect when at reſt : fly by day. SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Wings indented, fuſcous, with fulvous diſ : anterior pair with a bipupillated black ſpot near the tip ; and ſnowy dots on the poſterior wings beneath. Linn. Syft. PAPILIO PILOSELLÆ: alis dentatis fuſcis: diſco fulvo, anticis utrinque ocello nigro: pupilla gemina, poſticis ſubtus punctis ocellaribus niveis. Mant. I. 537. PAPILIO PILOSELLÆ: Fabr. Ent. Syft. 3. 240.748.-Syft. Ent. 497. 233. Papilio Tithonus. Fabr. Spec. Inf. 80. 355. Papilio PILOSELLÆ: Gmel. Linn. Syft. Nat. 2300. n. 552. PAPILILIO PILOSELLE, LARGE HEATH. Haworth Lep. Brit. P. 24. n. 28. VOL. X11. F PAPILIO 34 PLATE CCCCV. Papilio Herse. Wien Schmetterl. p. 320. n. 24. PAPILIO TITHONUS: Lewin. Pap. 22. This is one of the moſt abundant of the European Papiliones. In England it literally ſwarms about the hedges in the month of July, when it appears in the winged ſtate. The larva is greeniſh, with a white line, and brown head : it is found in this ſtate in June.-- The male of this butterfly is rather ſmaller than the female, and is diſtinguiſhed further by having an oblique duſky band acroſs the fulvous diſk of the anterior wings. PLATE [ 35 ] PLATE CCCCVI. PHALÆNA CHI. CHI MOTH. LEPIDOPTERA. Noctua. GENERIC CHARACTER. Antennæ gradually tapering from the baſe to the tip: wings in general deflected when at reſt. Fly by night. SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Wings hoary grey: anterior pair marked with a black x. a PHALANA Chi: alis canis : fuperioribus x nigro notatis. Linn. Fn. Suec. 1180. Noctua Chi: Fabr. Spec. Inſ. 2. p. 236. n. 130.— Mant. Inf. 2. p. 174. n. 258.- Ent. Syft. T. 3. p. 2. p. 107. n. 321. Phalena ſeticornis fpirilingius, alis deflexis, fuperioribus cinereo fuſcoque nebulofis, lineis undulatis et omicro nigris, inferioribus cinereis. L'OMICRON NÉBULEUX Geoffr. Inf. 2. p. 156. n.93. Albin Inf. t. 83. f. C. D. Roe. Inf. 1. Phal. 2. t. 13. F2 During 36 PLATE CCCCVI. During one of our ſummer excurſions through the northern parts of the principality of Wales, we diſcovered by accident a folitary fpecimen of Phalæna Chi, reſting among the lichens that encruſt the ſide of that venerable memorial of Druidical antiquity, the larger Cromlech, at Plas Newydd in the iſle of Angleſea. We obſerved it in a perfectly quieſcent ſtate, apparently juſt as it had emerged from the in the open day time. This was on the 17th day of Auguſt : we conceive it requiſite to mention this preciſely, as the time of its appearance in the winged ſtate has been ſtated by one writer to be July inſtead of Auguſt, and that on the authority of the individual fpecimen above mentioned *. a pupa in the An erroneous reference among the Fabrician fynonyms of Phalæna Chi, to the work of Albin (Plate 83), had long ſince induced the Engliſh collectors to conſider the Phalana Chi as a native of this country; but under this impreſſion they miſtook a very different inſect for the Chi of Linnæus. Indeed the inſect figured in Plate 83 of the work of Albin is no other than the common Sycamore Moth (Phal. Aceris of Brit. Inf.). It is therefore clear, this incautious reference has been productive of conſiderable miſunderſtanding, and that the Phalana Chi, though really Britiſh, was not introduced with propriety as ſuch, till we diſcovered it in Angleſea. We ſhould however add, that among a number of inſects found in Yorkſhire, and communicated for our inſpection by Mr. Rippon, of York, we found an inſect very analogous, and apparently a variety of the ſame ſpecies, though of a darker colour than our Cambrian ſpecimen, which in this reſpect accords extremely well with the Linnæan expreſſion, “ alis canis.” It ſhould be remarked, that Geoffroy, who deſcribes Phalana Chi, as an inſect by no means uncommon in France, tells us, it varies much in fize, and ſpeaks of varieties that are reddiſh, and others * Noctua Chiina. Jul. Septis. Haworth Prod. Lep. Brit. blackiſh, PLATE CCCCVI. 37 blackiſh *, though they agree in the markings; and he further ob- ſerves, that the female is of a more cinereous colour than the male, but has the ſame kind of ſpots on the wings. Our figure of the larva is taken from a well-preſerved fpecimen lately obtained by us from Germany as the larva of this ſpecies, and which agrees fo exactly with the Linnæan deſcription, and the figure in the plate of Roeſel, that we cannot heſitate to admit it as ſuch. The pupa delineated in our plate is alſo from the fame ſource. The food of the Phalana Chi is the columbine and the thiſtle. Il y a des variétes de cette Phalêne, qui font rougeâtres et d'autres noirâtres : mais toutes ont les deux taches ronde et quarrée ſur les ailés. PLATE [ 39 ] PLATE CCCCVII. LIBELLULA QUADRI-MACULATA. 4-SPOT DRAGON-FLY. NEUROPTERA. GENERIC CHARACTER. . Mouth armed with more than two jaws: lip trifid : antennæ fhorter than the thorax, very thin and filiform : wings expanded : tail of the male furniſhed with a furcated process. a SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Wings with two dark coſtal ſpots on each: and a large brown ſpot at the baſe of the lower pair : abdomen depreſſed and downy. LIBELLULA QUADRIMACULATA : alis pofterioribus bafi omnibufque medio antico macula nigricante, abdomine depreſſo tomentoſo. Linn. Fn. Suec. 2. 1459.-Gmel. Linn. Syft. Nat. 2619. n. 1. LIBELLULA 4-MACULATA: alis pofticis bafi omnibufque medio antico macula nigricante, abdomine depreſſo tomentoſo. Fabr. Syft. Ent. T. 2. p. 373. n. 1. Libellula alis macula duplici marginali. La FRANÇOISE. Geoffr. Inf. 2. 224. 6. Reaum. Inf. 6. tab. 35. fig. 1. 2. Geoffroy 40 PLATE CCCCVII. Geoffroy ſpeaks of this ſpecies of Dragon-fly as a rare inſect in France, and we believe it to be very uncommon in England. The only ſpecimen we have ſeen is one we poſſeſs in the cabinet of Mr. Drury, but from whence he obtained it we cannot aſcertain. Ray appears to have deſcribed this infect as a native of Britain *. a This ſpecies bears fome reſemblance to the female of Libellula Depreffat, in ſize and general appearance; but on the fighteſt in- ſpection will be found entirely diſtinct. The abdomen is leſs depreſſed on the back and narrower, and being beſides fomewhat compreſſed at the ſides, aſſumes a much more linear form in the middle than Libellula Depreſſa. The wings are totally different, and afford an excellent characteriſtic by which the ſpecies may be diſtinguiſhed. Each of thoſe wings are marked on the anterior or coftal rib, with two ſmall brown ſpots, the one of which is ſituated near the apex, as in moſt of the tribe; the other about the middle on the anterior part of each wing: all the wings are yellowiſh at the baſe, and in the poſterior pair, that part is diſtinguiſhed further by having a large brown ſpot contiguous to the a body. * Ray Inf. p. 49. n. 3. + Brit. Inf. Vol. I. pl. 24. PLATE 108 2 2 [ 41 ] PLATE CCCCVIII. FIG. I, I. APIS CORNIGERA. HYMENOPTERA. GENERIC CHARACTER. Mouth horny: jaw and lip membranaceous at the tip: tongue inflected: feelers four, unequal, filiform: antenna ſhort, and filiform; thoſe of the female fomewhat clavated: ſting of the females and neuters pungent, and concealed within the abdomen. SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Deep black: lip ſomewhat cornuted: firſt abdominal fegment with yellow ſpots on the back: beneath ferruginous: abdomen variegated with yellow bands. ز APIS CORNIGERA: atra, labio ſubcornuto; abdominis ventre bafi ferrugineo, tergo maculis, faciiſque flavis va- riegato. Kirby Ap. Angl. T. 2. p. 190. n. 11. In the Apun Angliæ above quoted it is obſerved, that when this infect is alive, it eunits a very agreeable ſcent. We have never VOL. XII. G taken 42 PLATE CCCCVIII. taken this individual ſpecies alive ourſelves; but we have obſerved a ſimilar odour emitted by other infects of the ſame family.- Apis Cornigera is an inſect liable to conſiderable variations; we poffefs ſeveral inſects in our own cabinet, which appear to be varieties, as they poſſeſs the ſame characteriſtic fpecific marks in general, though they differ in ſome other particulars. It is an elegant and intereſting infect. FIG. II. II. APIS JACOBÆÆ. SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Deep black: legs ferruginous: abdomen with fix yellow bands, the three firſt interrupted: antennæ above black. . APIS JACOBÆÆ: atra; pedibus ferrugineis; fcutelli punctis, abdominiſque maculis faſciifque, flavis ; antennis fupra nigris. Kirby Ap. Ang. T. I. p. 201. n. 20. NOMADA JACOBÆ Æ: nigra; abdomine fafciis ſex flavis, primis tribus interruptis, antennifque flavis. Panz. Fn. Inf. Germ. Init. n. 72. tab. 20. Found in ſpring on the flowers of the gooſeberry. PLATE бо [ 43 ] PLAT E CCCCIX. . GRYLLUS DOMESTICUS. HOUSE CRICKET. HEMIPTERA. GENERIC CHARACTER. Head inflated, armed with jaws: feelers filiform: antenna uſually ſetaceous, or filiform : wings four, deflected, convolute, the lower ones plaited : poſterior legs formed for leaping: claws double. ** Section Acheta. Antennæ fetaceous : feelers unequal: thorax rounded : tail with two briſtles, SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Wings tailed, and longer than the wing-caſes: body glaucous. GRYLLUS DOMESTICUS : alis caudatis elytro longioribus, pedibus fimplicibus, corpore glauco. Linn. Fn. Suec. 868.-Scop. Ent. Carn. 318. Acheta Domeftica : Fabr. Ent. Syſt. T. 2. p. 29. n. 3. GRYLLUS DOMESTICUS: Mouffet. Inf. p. 135. p Grylli Mouffeti. Jonſt. Inf. 12, Le Grillon, Geoffr. T. I. p. 389. n. 2. G Few 44 . PLATE CCCCIX. Few inſects are more familiar than the common Cricket. It frequents houſes, and is ſuperſtitiouſly eſteemed by many a welcome inmate. 7 This little animal is not only fond of warmth, but, as though an almoſt intenſe and fuffocating heat were abſolutely neceſſary to its very being, it is conſtantly found moſt abundantly in bakehouſes, kitchen chimnies, and other places where the greateſt heats prevail. Beſides the inacceſſibility of its lurking places in general, nothing has more fully contributed to the preſervation of thoſe inſects than the filly veneration which the vulgar entertain for it; interpreting its preſence as an omen of good fortune, and conceiving it would be un- propitious to harm or deſtroy it The Cricket is indeed an animal of inoffenſive manners; it is trou- bleſome only from the inceffancy of its chirping, which continues without intermiſſion night and day. Some think its note louder before rain than at any other time; a circumſtance aſſerted both by Linnæus and Fabricius. Geoffroy ſays, this noiſe is occaſioned by the friction of its thorax againſt the head and wing-caſes. According to Poda, the Cricket deſerts houſes infeſted with the cock roach, and is deſtroyed by pills of arſenic and the freſh root of the daucus mixed with flour, or the root of the nymphæa boiled in milk. PLATE 410 2 (la ( 45 ) PLATE CCCCX. FIG. I. APIS PICIPES, HYMENOPTERA. GENERIC CHARACTER. Mouth horny: jaw and lip membranaceous at the tip: tongue inflected: feelers four, unequal, filiform : antenna ſhort, and filiform; thoſe of the female ſomewhat clavated : fting of the females and neuters pungent, and concealed within the abdomen. SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. APIs Picipes, Black, covered with pale down : thorax tinged with fulvous : abdomen fuſcous: legs rufous, pitchy. MELITTA PICIPES: nigra, pallido-villoſa; thorace fulveſcenti; abdomine fuſco; pedibus rufo-piceis. Kirby. Ap. Angl. T. n. p. 127. n. 66. Deſcribed by Mr. Kirby as a new ſpecies of his genus Melitta from the individual ſpecimen (Apis, n. 65, of Mr. Drury's cabinet), figured 46 PLATE CCCCX. figured in the annexed plate. It appears, the ſpecies has not been obſerved in any other collection. This inſect is of a moderate ſize, as the line deſcribing its length at fig. 1, in the lower part of the plate is intended to fhew. The prevailing colour is black, but aſſumes a greyifh aſpect from the pale downy hairs with which it is partially covered: the thorax is more villous than the body, and this villoſity partakes in a ſlight degree of a fulvous tint; a few hairs of the ſame colour is alſo obſerveable about the head; the antennæ are blackiſh ; wings hyaline with the nerves pale teſtaceous. FIG. II. APIS DISJUNCTA. SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Black: poſterior part of the thorax, and anterior part of the ab domen yellow downy: wings fuſcous. APIS DISJUNCTA: nigra thorace poftice abdominiſque antice to- mentoſo flavis, alis fufcis. Fabr. Ent. Syst. T. 2. 328. n. 61. ANTHROPHORA DISJUNCTA. Fabr. Syft. Piez. 374. n. 10. Among the Britiſh Apes in the cabinet of Mr. Drury (No. 38), we poffefs a ſpecimen of this remarkable infect, and which we think tog PLATE CCCCX. 47 too intereſting to be omitted. We cannot pretend to determine on what authority it was introduced into that collection, neither are we inclined to pledge our opinion in favour of its being a genuine Britiſh Infect; we conſider only that it might have been found alive in England, and under this idea may be noticed with propriety in the preſent work. Mr. Kirby did not conſider it as an Engliſh Inſect, or he would have introduced it into his Apun Angliæ. This inſect, like Apis Iricolor, inſerted as Britiſh in Mr. Kirby's work on the authority of a ſpecimen in Dr. Latham's collection, is known as a native of the Weſt Indies, and may poſſibly, as well as that inſect, have been brought into England with ſome Weſt Indian cargoes, and been afterwards diſcovered by accident at large in the country. Many well authenticated inſtances of this kind have occurred within our own knowledge. Aware of this, we cannot conſiſtently admit an extra European inſect as an aborigine, but as an occaſional wan- derer from the tropic regions found alive in this country; and which, from its habits of life, might even become the origin of a future Britifh fpecies. We ſhould rather ſuſpect from the appearance of the infect, that it has been introduced in ſome piece of timber imported from the American iſlands, for it is of the ſame natural family as the Apis Centuncularis, or Carpenter Bee, which is well known to undergo its various transformations in centunculi, or ſmall cells formed of leaves, and depoſited in large hollow cavities bored through the timber by the parent female: this is not in the leaſt unlikely, as this tribe of inſects remain for a conſiderable period of time in the egg, larva, and pupa ſtate, that the infect might have been depoſited in the egg ſtate in the Weſt Indies, and was not liberated from its con- finement till the timber, in which it was concealed, arrived in England. The inſect is ſhewn of its natural fize in the annexed plate. a This ſpecies ſeems to be the infect deſcribed by Fabricius, as above referred to; and has not, we believe, been figured by any author. PLATE Hit 2 2 [ 49 ] PLATE CCCCXI. FIG. 1. I. CLERUS MOLLIS. COLEOPTERA. GENERIC CHARACTER. : Antenna moniliform, with the three extreme joints largeſt : head bent down: thorax convex and attenuated behind : wing-caſes flexile, body elongated and ſomewhat oblong. SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Grey and pubeſcent, with three paler bands on the wing-caſes. CLERUS MOLLIS: griſeus pubeſcens, elytris fafciis tribus pallidis. Marſh. Ent. Brit. T. I. p. 322. n. 2. . ATTELABUS MOLLIS: Linn. Syft. Nat. 621. n. 11.-Fn. Suec. 642. Notoxus MOLLIS: Fabr. Syft. Ent. 158. 1.--Spec. Inf. I. 203. I.-Mant. I. 127. 3.- Ent. Syft. I. P.211.5. Notoxus MOLLIS: Gmel. Linn. Syft. Nat. 1813. 3. DERMESTES MOLLIS: Schrank. 37. Curculio. Udd. Diſ. 28. t. I. f. 9. Le Clairon porte-croix. Geoffr. I. 305. 3. VOL. XII. H A rare 50 PLATE CCCCXI. A rare inſect in England. Inhabits woods. The ſmalleſt figure . denotes the natural fize. FIG. II. II. TILLUS BIMACULATUS. GENERIC CHARACTER. Antennæ filiform and ferrated : head ſomewhat declining : thorax convex, oblong and attenuated both before and behind: body linear and elongated. SPECIFIC CHARACTER. TILLUS BIMACULATUS: blue-black: with a pale ferruginous ſpot on the wing-caſes. Fabricius deſcribes three fpecies of the genus Tillus in his Entomologia Syſtematica, elongatus, ambulans, & ſerraticornis; all which are found in Europe, and the two firſt in this country. To theſe Mr. Marſham adds two other Britiſh ſpecies, æneus and virens; including at the ſame time, as a fifth ſpecies, the Clerus unifaſciatus of Fabricius. Thus it appears, we poſſeſs five deſcribed ſpecies of this genus in Britain, neither of which agreeing with our preſent infect, we preſume to offer it as a fixth and new ſpecies. Beſides the five fpecies of Tillus above mentioned, the late Fabrician work, Supplem. Ent. Syft. contains two more ſpecies, damicornis, a native of America, and Weberi, a German infe&t. Neither of thoſe, however, correſpond with our inſects; and we have therefore PLATE CCCCXI. 51 therefore no heſitation in admitting it as a non-deſcript, as well as new Britiſh ſpecies. We have once ſeen this inſect alive in the woods of Kent, but accidentally loſt it: the only ſpecimen we now poffefs is in the cabinet of the late Mr. Drury: and we do not recollect to have ever ſeen it in any other. H2 PLATE 412 ( 53 ) PLATE CCCCXII. PHALANA FLEXUOSA. YORKSHIRE Y MOTH, LEPIDOPTERA. GENERIC CHARACTER. Antennæ gradually tapering from the baſe to the tip : wings in general deflected when at reſt. Fly by night. * Noctua. SPECIFIC CHARACTER. NOCTUA FLEXUOSA. Anterior wings reddiſh-grey varied with fub-ferruginous : in the middle a flexuous white ſtreak incloſing a pale lobiform ſpot. This ſpecies of Noctua is deſcribed upon the authority of an unique Britiſh ſpecimen in the cabinet of Mr. Drury, that has not been hitherto deſcribed by any writer. It was taken in Yorkſhire, and has been denominated among Engliſh collectors to whom the circumſtance was known, the Yorkſhire Y Moth. We name it Flexuoſa from the whitiſh flexuous line, which originates at the inner edge of the firſt wings near the baſe, and pafling from thence in 54 PLATE CCCCXII. in a circuitous direction to the middle of the wing, encircles a ſmall lobe-ſhaped ſpot of a pale clay colour; in other reſpects this ſpecies is not unlike the common Y Moth Phalana Interrogationis, but in this very ſtriking character it is totally diſtinct. Our Noctua Flexuoſa is very different from either of the anlagous ſpecies, except that above mentioned ; neither does it accord with any others deſcribed in foreign entomological works with which we are acquainted. The figures which repreſent it both in an incumbent poſture, and with the wings expanded, are ſufficiently correct to render any further deſcription of this intereſting inſect unneceſſary, PLATE 113 [ 55 ] PLATE CCCCXIII, BANCHUS PICTUS. HYMENOPTERA. GENERIC CHARACTER. Feelers four, elongated, with the joints cylindrical : lip at the baſe cylindrical and horny, tip membranaceous, rounded, and entire: antennæ fetaceous. SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Black varied with yellow; ſcutel fomewhat fpinous. BANCHUS PICTUS: niger flavo varius ſcutello fubfpinoſo. Fabr. Supp. Ent. p. 234. n. 7. Deſcribed by Fabricius as a native of Germany from the cabinet of Smidt.-Not before noticed as a Britiſh ſpecies. The ſmalleſt figure denotes the true ſize of this curious inſect. PLATE 414 2 2 3 3 [ 57 ] PLATE CCCCXIV. FIG. I. I. CURCULIO VAU. COLEOPTERA. GENERIC CHARACTER. Antennæ clavated, and feated on the fnout, which is horny and prominent: pofterior part of the head thick. SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Wing caſes with a ſpot, and common V-mark of white. CURCULIO Vau: elytris macula et figura V communi albis. Marſh. Ent. Brit. T. 1. p. 299. n. 177.--Schrank, 227.--Vill. I. 214. 174. The body of this inſect is rather downy, and of a cinereous colour; the figure ſomewhat oblong, and the fnout thick. The common V-like mark, formed by the union of two oblique whitiſh lines on the poſterior part of the future, and the fingle anterior white ſpot in the middle of each of the wing-caſes, are very characteriſtic of this ſpecies. The ſmaller figure denotes the natural fize. VOL. XII. I FIG. 58 PLATE CCCCXIV. FIG. II. II. CURCULIO EXARATUS. SPECIFIC CHARACTER. Fuſcous : wing-caſes cinereous, and rather deeply marked with dotted ftriæ. CURCULIO EXARATUS: fuſcus, elytris cinereis profundiuſcule ftriatis : ſtriis punctatis. Marſh. Ent. Brit. T.1. p. 303. n. 188. The fnout is rather broad and thick : wing-caſes pale fuſcous, or cinereous, and marked with moderately deep dotted lines: the whole of the under ſurface covered with very ſhort down. FIG. III. III. CURCULIO FASCIATUS. SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Ferruginous-fuſcous; wing-caſes fafciated with white : legsrufous. CURCULIO PLATE CCCCXIV. 59 Curculio FASCIATUS: fuſco-ferrugineus, elytris albo-fafciatis, pedibus rufis. Marſh. Ent. Syft. T. I. p. 286. 144. Curculio Incurvus ? Panz. Faun. Germ. 36. t. 7. Found on the leaves of the Cratægi Oxyacanthie. The antennæ, fnout, and legs rufous: thorax ferrugineous-brown, with a thin white dorſal line : ſcutel white : wing-caſes ferruginous brown and ſtriated; the ftriæ impreſſed with dots.—When in fine preſervation, this is an elegant ſpecies, being variegated, though in a flight degree only, with white, beſides the broad whitiſh commonb and towards the poſterior part of the wing-caſes. I 2 PLATE 1:15 [61] PLATE CCCCXV, LIBELLULA ÆNEA. BRASSY-GREEN DRAGON-FLY. NEUROPTERA. GENERIC CHARACTER. Mouth armed with more than two jaws: lip trifid : antennæ ſhorter than the thorax, very thin, and filiform: wings expanded: tail of the male furniſhed with a furcated proceſs. SPECIFIC CHARACTER AUD SYNONYMS. Wings tranſparent: thorax braffy-green. LIBELLULA ÆNEA: alis hyalinis, thorace viridi æneo. Linn. Fn. Suec. 1466.-Gmel. Linn. Syft. Nat. 2622. - n. 8. Fabr. Spec. Inf. I. p. 524. n. 27. Libellula viridi aurata capite rotundato, pedibus nigris, abdominis medio inflato. Degeer. Inf. 2, 2. 52. tab. 19. fig. 8. Libellula viridi nitens, alis pallidis, pedibus nigris. L’Amianthe. Geoffr. Inf. 2. 226. 10. Roeſ. Inf. 2. aqu. 2. t. 5. f. 2. Schaeff. Ic. t. 113. f. 4. Raj. Inf. p. 49. n. 5. Libellula 62 PLATE CCCCXV. Libellula Ænea has been recently obſerved in ſwampy grounds in the neighbourhood of Hampſtead. It is recorded as a Britiſh Inſect by Ray; but fince his time appears to have become very ſcarce till lately, when a ſmall number of them were obſerved in the above- mentioned fituation. We poffefs two varieties taken in this place, in the fummer of 1805, which differ in ſome flight particulars only. Both inſects have the eyes of a brown colour, and the thorax of a brilliant green with a braffy luftre: the principal difference confifts in the colour of the wings, which in one ſpecimen are hyaline, while on the contrary the wings of the other are tinged with teſtaceous yellow. This yellow-winged variety is further diſtinguiſhed by having the body gloſſed with fine golden purple; in the other, the body is of a braffy green colour, with only a ſlight inclination to reddiſh brown *. Both inſects are figured in the annexed plate in their natural fize. This ſpecies is not peculiar to England. Linnæus deſcribes it as a native of Sweden ; from Geoffroy we learn, that it is a native of France; and from Roeſel, as being found in Germany. * An indifferent figure of a ſpecies of Libellula, much reſembling this, occurs in the work of Schaeffer, Icon. Ratiſ. pl. 167, fig. 4, and which is probably intended for our yellow-winged variety PLATE 416 [ 63 ] PLATE CCCCXVI. VESPA CRIBRARIA. HYMENOPTERA. GENERIC CHARACTER. Mouth horny, with a compreſſed jaw: feelers four, unequal and filiform: antennæ filifiorm, the firſt joint longeſt and cylindrical : eyes lunar: body glabrous : ſting pungent, and concealed within the abdomen: upper wings folded in both ſexes. SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Black: abdomen banded with yellow, the middle ones interrupted: anterior fhanks with concave ſhields. Vespa CRIBRARIA : Linn. Syft. Nat. 12. 2. p. 945. n. 23.-Fn. Suec. 2. n. 1675. CRABRO CRIBRARIA: nigra, abdomine faſciis : intermediis inter- ruptis, tibiis anticis clypeis concavis. Fabr. Sp. Inf. I. p. 470. n. 8.--Mant. Inf. I. p. 296. n. 13. Apis tibiis anticis lamella cribriformi. Uddm. Diſ. 94. Ray Inf. p. 255. n. 15. Rolander Axt Stockh. 1751. p. 56. t. 3. f. 1. Crabro Cribrarius : Panzer Fn. Inf. Germ. Found 64 PLATE CCCCXVI. Found in England, in Sweden, and in Germany. The male has the ſhanks of the anterior legs ſhielded, while in the female thoſe parts are fimple: this characteriſtic of the two fexes is not peculiar to our infect, we obſerve the ſame in the Fabrician Crabro Clypeatus (Veſpa Clypeata, Gmel.), in Crabro Scutatus (Veſpa Scutata, Gmel.), and ſeveral other ſpecies of the Linnæan Vefpæ. PLATE 417 3 [ 65 ] 71 PLATE CCCCXVII. FIG. I. I. SCARABÆUS ATTAMINATUS. GENERIC CHARACTER. Antennæ clavated, the club fiffile : Ahanks of the anterior legs ge- nerally dentated. SPECIFIC CHARACTER dir AND SYNONYMS. Thorax black and glabrous : head tuberculated : wing-caſes tefta- ceous, with five black ſpots. SCARABÆUS ATTAMINATUS: thorace nigro glabro, capite tuber- berculato, elytris teſtaceis: maculis quinque nigris. Marſh. Ent. Brit. T. I. p. 13. n. 15. n Scarabæus Inquinatus: Panz. Ent. Germ.7. 23. The ſmalleſt infect, ſhewn at fig. 1, repreſents the natural ſize of Scarabæus Attaminatus. It is found in dung, but not very commonly. The head and thorax is black, and deſtitute of ſpots: wing-caſes teſtaceous, ftriated, and marked with five black ſpots each. One of thoſe ſituated at the baſe, is of a ſomewhat oblong figure; another rather longer, is placed more laterally, and between that and the exterior VOL. XII. K margin 66 PLATE CCCCXVII. margin of the wing-cafes is another : near the future, and before the middle of the wing-caſes, is a fourth ſpot; and a fifth towards the end, placed tranſverſely.—Varieties occur in which the thorax is reddiſh at the ſides. FIG. II. SCARABÆUS SPHACELATUS. SPECIFIC CHARACTER. Black : head tuberculated : margin of the thorax pale: wing-cafes griſeous with dotted ftriæ, and a ſingle fuſcous daub or irregular ſpot. SCARABÆUS SPHACELATUS: niger, capite tuberculato, margine thoracis pallido, elytris griſeis punctato-ſtriatis : litura unica fuſca. Marſh. Ent. Brit. T. I. p.15, n. 20. Panz. Faun. Germ. 58. t. 5. Very abundant in dung. Size the ſame as in the preceding ſpecies. The antennæ of this infect is black: head obſolete, tuberculated, and black : thorax black, gloſſy, and very minutely punctured, with the lateral margin livid : ſcutel fuſcous: body black beneath : legs pale. FIG. PLATE CCCCXVII. 67 FIG. III. III. SCARABÆUS FOSSOR. SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Black: thorax ſomewhat retuſe: head with three tubercles and ſomewhat cornuted in the middle. SCARA BÆUS FOSsor: niger, thorace fubretuſo, capite tuberculis tribus : medio fubcornuto. Linn. Syft. Nat. 548. 31.- Fn. Suec. 384.–Fabr. Sp. Inf. I. p. 15. n. 59.-Mant. Inf. I. p. 8. n. 62.- Marſh. Ent. Brit. T. I. p. 16. n. 24. La Tete Armée: Geoffr. Inf. I. p. 82. n. 20. . Schaeff. Icon. t. 144. f. 78. The length of this inſect rather exceeds three-eights of an inch: the colour is entirely black, glabrous, ſmooth, and ſhining; its thorax is very convex : wing-caſes oblong and ſtriated : antennæ lamellated; and wings fuſcous. Found in dung. K2 FIG. 68 4 PLATE CCCCXVII. FIG. IV. SCARABÆUS RUFIPES. SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Pitchy: antennæ pale: wing-caſes ſmooth. SCARABÆUS RUFIPES : piceus, antennis pallidis, elytris lævibus. Linn. Syft. Nat. 559. 86.-Fn. Suec. 403.- Gmel. 1552. 86.-Marſ. Ent. Brit. T. I. p. 25. n. 42. SCARABÆUS CAPITATUS: De Geer, 4. p. 263. 7. t. 10. f. 6. SCARABÆUS OBLONGUS: Scop. 19. a About the fize, and has the ſame habits as the preceding, the figure in the annexed plate being magnified. It is entirely of a black colour and gloffy: ſhield of the head obtuſe: laſt joints of the legs pale rufous. PLATE 118 ume ( 69 ) ( 69 ) PLATE CCCCXVIII. SCARABÆUS GREENII. GREEN'S SCARABÆUS. COLEOPTERA. GENERIC CHARACTER. . : Antennæ clavated: the club fillile : fhanks of the anterior legs generally dentated. SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Blackiſh : thorax and margin of the wing-caſes ſprinkled with white dots: on the firſt four ſegments of the abdomen beneath a fingle white dot in the middle, and one each ſide. CETONIA VARIEGATA: atra thorace margine elytriſque maculis albis ſparſis. Fabr. Ent. Syft. T. I. p. 2. 151. n. 88? Scarabæus tribus antennarum lamellis triceſimus quintus. Schaef. Icon. pl. 198. fig. 8? SCARABÆUS ALBELLUS: Pallas. Icon. I. 17. tab. A. 18? Among the Engliſh Scarabæi in the cabinet of the late Mr. Green, we poffefs a ſingle ſpecimen of this very intereſting ſpecies. It is of 70 PLATE CCCCXVIII. of the genus Scarabæus in the Linnæan arrangement; Cetonia of Fabricius. We are totally unacquainted with its hiſtory, and, be- lieving it to be unnoticed by any former writer, have named it after its former poffeffor, S. Greenii. It ſhould be particularly obſerved, that this inſect approaches very cloſely to the Cetonia Variegata of Olivier and Fabricius, which is a native of Tranquebar. We ſhall not preſume to ſay, that it may not be a variety of that variable ſpecies; but we certainly think it is not, if the general deſcription the works of Olivier afford us be correct. The upper ſurface of our inſect nearly correſponds with his figure and deſcription; the principal difference conſiſts in the number and diſpoſition of the white ſpots on the lower ſurface of the abdomen, and thoſe are ſtrikingly diſſimilar. Olivier deſcribes his ſpecies as having two rows or lines of white dots on each fide, while in our infect there is only one on each ſide; and the ſingle row of white dots down the center in our inſect does not agree exactly with Cetonia Variegata. We have previouſly ſtated, that the upper furface of the two inſects are ſimilar, but we ſhould further add, that they are not perfectly ſo, as Olivier's infect has the poſterior border of the thorax white; and in our infect, that part differs in no reſpect from the reſt of the thorax in point of colour, except the ſpots, which are white and impreſſed.--Our fynonyms refer to the figure of an Eu- ropean fpecies of Scarabæus in the works of Schaeffer, that ſeems to bear a general reſemblance to our infect; yet we muſt confeſs, we can only entertain a very remote idea of its being intended for our infect; the indifference of the figure precludes the poſſibility of de- termining this circumſtance with accuracy: it is about the ſame fize, of a blackiſh colour and ſpotted with white; but there is alſo an appearance in the figure of the inſect being hairy, and if that be correct, it cannot be the ſame as our infect. The ſmalleſt figure denotes the natural ſize of this infect. The two other figures repreſent the upper and lower ſurfaces of the infect magnified. PLATE எக 1 [ 71 ) PLATE CCCCXIX. ca MUSCA GROSSIFICATIONIS. DIPTERA. GENERIC CHARACTER. . Mouth with a ſoft, exſerted fleſhy proboſcis, and two unequal lips: fucker beſet with ſmall briſtles: feelers ſhort, and two in number, or ſometimes none: antennæ uſually ſhort. SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Deep black: wings black, tipped with white. MUSCA GROSSIFICATIONIS: atra, alis nigris apice albis. Linn. . Fn. Suec. 1865. Muſca antennis fetariis alis nigris apice albis. Linn. Syft. Nat. Edit. 10. p. 599. n. 84. . Muſca nigra alis fufcis, apicibus albis. Aa. Upſ. 1736. p. 33. n. 50. Fabr. Sp. Inf. 2. p. 451. n. 83. Gmel. Linn. Syſt. Nat. 2855. 109. La mouche à ailes noires & tache blanche à l'extrémeté. Geoff. Inf. 2. p. 493. n. 1. This 72 PLATE CCCCXIX. This diminutive ſpecies of Muſca is mentioned by Linnæus as one of the rareſt of all the European inſects. It is certainly un- common, and eſpecially in England. Geoffroy found it on flowers in the royal garden at Paris. The fmalleſt figure denotes the natural ſize. bits PLATE w +20 [ 79 ] PLATE CCCCXX. . LARRA POMPILIFORMIS. HYMENOPTERA. GENERIC CHARACTER. Tongue porrected, ſimple : jaws ſhort, horny, vaulted: lip exſerted, membranaceous at the tip and marginated : antennæ filiform. SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Black: abdomen black, with the baſe ferruginous. LARRA POMPILIFORMIS: nigra, abdomine nigro baſi ferrugineo.- Die Grabweſpenartige Drehweſpe. Panz. 89. n. 13. A curious little inſect of the Fabrician genus Larra. The only ſpecimen we have yet feen of this inſect occurs in the cabinet of Mr. Drury. The ſmalleſt figure explains the natural fize. L PLATE VOL. XII. 1 421 2 [ 75 ] PLATE CCCCXXI. FIG. I. I. APIS SIGNATA. HYMENOPTERA. GENERIC CHARACTER. Mouth horny: jaw and lip membranaceous at the tip: tongue inflected: feelers four, unequal, filiform: antennæ fhort, and filiform; thoſe of the female ſomewhat clavated : ſting of the females and neuters pungent, and concealed within the abdomen. SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. ApiS SIGNATA: black; front of the head, and baſe of the thorax yellow. - Sphex SIGNATA: atra, nitida, immaculata ; alis albis; fronte fub antennis maculis duabus flavis. Panz. Fn. Inf. Germ. Init. n. 53. t. 2. VESPA : nigra, fronte, thoraciſque bafi flavis.-La guêpe noire, à levre ſuperieure & baſe du corcelet jaunes. Geoffr. Inf. n. p. 379. n. 14. VESPA PRATENSIS: Fourcroy. Ent. Par. n. 14. MELITTA SIGNATA: atra; fronte maculata; abdomine ſegmento primo margine utrinque albo.-Var. y antennis ſubtus piceis, collare tuberculiſque luteis. Kirby, Ap. Ang. T. 2. p. 41. This L2 76 PLATE CCCCXXI. This little inſect is found on different ſpecies of Reſeda, or mignonet, and in common with various other inſects of the fame natural family, that are uſually found on thoſe plants, emit a ſtrong odoriferous ſcent. - There are two or more varieties of this inſect : that figured by Panzer under the name of Sphex Signata, has two yellow ſpots on the front of the head, inſtead of the whole ſpace beneath the antennæ being yellow, as in our ſpecimen. The ſmalleſt figure denotes the natural fize. FIG. II. APIS LÆVIGATA R. SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Black, and ſomewhat pubeſcent with rufous hairs : thorax ferru- ginous: abdomen highly poliſhed, with the three middle ſegments, pale each fide at the laſe. MELLITTA LEVIGATA : atra rufo-ſubpubeſcens ; thorace ferrugineo; abdomine nitidiflimo, ſegmentis intermediis baſi pallefcentibus. Kirby, Ap. Ang. 2. 75. 32. var.ß. This is an elegant little ſpecies, and very rare. fents it in the natural fize. The figure repre- FIG. PLATE CCCCXXI. 77 FIG. III. APIS OCHROSTOMA. SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Deep black: ſcutel fanguineous : abdomen rufous, variegated with ſpots and interrupted bands of yellow. APIS OCHROSTOMA: atra : ſcutello fanguineo; abdomine rufo, maculis faſciſque interruptis, flavis, variegato. Kirby Ap. Angl. T. 2. p. 209. n. 26. Deſcribed by Mr. Kirby as a new ſpecies of Apis, from a ſpecimen in the cabinet of Mr. Drury. PLATE 1422 [ 79 ] PLATE CCCCXXII. PTINUS FUR. COLEOPTERA. GENERIC CHARACTER. Antennæ filiform, the exterior joint largeſt: thorax fubrotund, without margin, and receiving the head. SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Ferruginous brown: thorax four-toothed : wing-caſes with two white bands. - Ptinus Fur: fuſco-ferrugineus, thorace quadridentato, elytris faſciis duabus albis. Marſh. Ent. Brit. T. I, p. 89. n. 27. Prixus Fur: teftaceus fubapterus, thorace quadridentato, elytris fafciis duabus albis. Fabr. Spec. Inf. p. 73. n. 4.-Mant. Inf. I. p. 40. n. 4.-Ent. Syſt, - 1. 2. 39. 4.—Gmel. Linn. Syft. p. 1607. n. 5. CERAMBYX FUR.- Linn. Fn. Suec. 651. Preys. Boh. Inf. 56. 57. Stroem. A&. Nidrof. 111. 393. 12. BRUCHUS TESTACEUS: La Bruche à bandes. Geoffr. Inf. Pariſ. I. p. 164. n. 4. t. 2. f. 6. p PTINUS 80 PLATE CCCCXXII. Ptinus RAPAX: Degeer. Inf. 4. p. 231. n. 5. t. 9. f. 5. 6.7. BUPRESTIS FUR : Scop. 210. a This deſtructive little inſect is produced from a ſoft and hairy fix- footed larva of a ferruginous colour, which preys on furniture, books, and other ſimilar articles. It refides principally in wood, occupying ſmall tubular cavities, which it perforates in a variety of directions, reducing, as it proceeds in its devious courſe, the hardeſt timber within the dimenſions of its receptacle to a light duſt or powder. Ptinus Fur is alſo very detrimental to preſerved articles of natural hiſtory. The nymph or pupa is contained in a glutinous follicle. PLATE 423 mela chem [ 81 ] PLATE CCCCXXIII. LIBELLULA FORCIPATA. FORCIPATED DRAGON-FLY. NEUROPTERA. GENERIC CHARACTER. Mouth armed with more than two jaws : lip trifid: antennæ ſhorter than the thorax, very thin and filiform: wings expanded : tail of the male furniſhed with a furcated proceſs. SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Thorax greeniſh yellow, with black lines : abdomen blackiſh with yellow characters. LIBELLULA FORCIPATA : thorace luteo-vireſcente, lineis nigris ; abdomine nigricante characteribus flavis. Linn. Fn. Suec. n. 771. Gmel. Linn. Syft. Nat. 2625. n. 11. ÆSHNA FORCIPATA : thorace nigro : characteribus varius flaveſ- centibus, cauda unguiculata. Fabr. Ent. Syft. T. 2. p. 383. n. 1. Libellula nigra capite rotundato, thorace ſegmentiſque aliquot abdo- minis viridi maculatis. Degeer. Inf. 2. 2. 50. Libella major, corpore compreffo flaveſcente. Petiv. Muf. 84. n. 819. VOL. XII. M Libella 82 PLATE CCCCXXIII. Libella maxima lutea, cùm 4 vel 5 fpinis in extremitate caudæ. Merret Pin. 197. n. 4. La Caroline. Geoffr. Inf. t. 2. p. 228. Sp. 15. This is an intereſting, rare, and elegant ſpecies of Libellula. In the cabinet of the late Mr. Drury, we have a ſingle ſpecimen of this ſcarce inſect; another has been recently taken near Highgate, and is likewiſe in our poffeffion. Like the reſt of its tribe it is found in ſwamps and other watery places. The larva is unknown to us, its pupa is repreſented with the perfect inſect in the annexed plate. The head of this ſpecies of Libellula is of a fine yellow, faciated with black: the eyes prominent, brown, and gloffy: the thorax greenith yellow, lineated with black; the abdomen black with a lon- gitudinal interrupted dorſal line of whitiſh yellow, and the middle ſegments marked on both ſides with a ſhort tranſverſe yellowiſh band, and a ſemi-lunar mark of the ſame colour below it: the wings tranf- parent, with a dark anterior coſtal mark, as in moſt other of the Libellula tribe a PLATE 124 2 ( 83 ) PLATE CCCCXXIV. FIG. 1. MUSCA ROTUNDATA. DIPTERA. GENERIC CHARACTER. Mouth with a ſoft exſerted fleſhy proboſcis, and two unequal lips : fucker beſet with briſtles: feelers ſhort and two in number, or ſome- times none : antennæ uſually ſhort. * Antennæ a naked briſtle. SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Thorax lineated: abdomen ſubrotund, ferruginous, with a dorſal line of black dots. Musca ROTUNDATA: thorace lineato, abdomine fubrotundo fer. rugineo : linea longitudinali punctorum nigrorum. Linn. Syft. Nat. 2.991. 67.— Fn. Suec. 1838. Fabr. Ent. Syſt. T. 4. p. 325. n. 57. Musca nigra, abdomine hemiſpherico rufo, punctorum nigrorum ordine longitudinali.- La mouche noire à ventre hémiſphérique roux tacheté de noir. Geoffr. Inf. T. p. 509. n. 32. M2 Leſs 84 PLATE CCCCXXIV. Leſs than the common houſe-fly, Muſca Domeſtica. It inhabits various parts of Europe, and is not common in England. The thorax is of a browniſh colour lineated with duſky : the body nearly round, and marked down the middle of the back with a ſeries of blackiſh ſpots or dots; the wings are whitiſh, faintly tinged with teftaceous towards the baſe, and the legs blackiſh. FIG. II. MUSCA ARCUATA. SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Elongated, black, ſpots on the ſides of the thorax, and four arcuated baids on the abdomen yellow. MUSCA ARCUATA: nigra, antennis elongatis, thorace maculis la- teribus, abdomine cingulis quatuor arcuatis flavis. Linn. Fn. Suec. 1806. Syrphus ARCUATUS: Fabr. Ent. Syft. T. 4. p. 293. n. 55. Panz. Fn. Germ. 2. tab. 10. This ſpecies is found on flowers. It is a general inhabitant of Europe; in England this inſect is ſcarce. Fabricius deſcribes a very diſtinct ſpecies from this under the name of Muſta Arcuata; the inſect we have figured is the Muſca Arcuata only of Linnæns, Syrphus Arcuatus of Fabricius. PLATE 425 ( 85 ) PLATE CCCCXXV. LIBELLULA QUADRIFASCIATA. NEUROPTERA. GENERIC CHARACTER. Mouth armed with more than two jaws: lip trifid : antenna Thorter than the thorax, very thin and filiform : wings expanded : tail of the male furniſhed with a furcated proceſs. SPECIFIC CHARACTER. LIBELLULA QUADRIFASCIATA: wings white, tinged anteriorly with yellowiſh : tips of all the wings, and baſe of the pofterior pair with a fuſcous band. This evidently new ſpecies of Libellula occurs in the cabinet of Mr. Drury: it correſponds in ſome reſpects with Libellula Quadri- maculata (See Plate 407), the fize and general aſpect of both inſects is nearly the ſame, but the preſent ſpecies differs among other par- ticulars in having a fuſcous band at the tip of all the wings. Libel- lula Rubicunda alſo bears ſome reſemblance to this inſect, except that the tips of the wings are perfectly immaculate, as in Libellula 4-maculata.--Our new ſpecies Libellula Quadrifaſciata is a very rare inſect, and has not been noticed by any author. PLATE ga 8 [ 87 ] PLATE CCCCXXVI. PAPILIO BLANDINA. SCOTCH ARGUS BUTTERFLY. LEPIDOPTERA. GENERIC CHARACTER. Antennæ terminated in a club : wings erect when at reft : fly by day. SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Wings indented, fuſcous, with an ocellar rufous band : poſterior pair beneath fuſcous, with a cinereous band. a PAPILIO BLANDINA: alis dentatis fuſcis: faſcia rufa ocellata pofticis fubtus fuſcis : faſcia cinerea. Fabr. Ent. Syst. T. 3. p. I. 236. n. 736. This very rare ſpecies of Papilio has been recently diſcovered to be a native of the Britiſh ifles. About three or four ſpecimens of it were taken in the iſle of Arran by Major Walker, to whoſe polite- neſs we are indebted for the individual example at this time in our Muſeum. Another is preſerved in the collection of our friend A. M'Leay, Eſq. and thoſe, we have reaſon to apprehend, are the only fpecimens at preſent in any of the London Cabinets. Though but lately introduced to our attention as a native of Great Britain, this intereſting inſect is by no means unknown to the con- tinental 88 PLATE CCCCXXVI. tinental naturaliſts as an inhabitant of Germany. It is the true Papilio (Sat.) Blandina of the Fabrician fyftem *. This author likewiſe deſcribes another Papilio, nearly allied to the above, under the ſpecific name of Ligea. This latter is, however, fufficiently diftinguiſhed by having fo'ır ocellate black ſpots in the rufous band on the upper wings inſtead of three, as in P. Blandina. Fabricius, in his general deſcription, ſpeaks of the near affinity his P. Blandina bears to P. Ligea, but obſerves that P. Ligea has a white ſpot at the end of the band on the underſide of the poſterior wings, which the other has not. Affinis P. Ligea. differt tamen alis pofticis vix ocellatis, fuſcis faſcia cinerea abſque maculis albis.” Fabr.- Papilio Ligea was diſcovered by Major Walker in the iſle of Arran at the fame time as P. Blandina, and will ſhortly appear in the preſent workt: * Fabricius deſcribes two of the Papiliones under the ſpecific name of Blandina, but which cannot eaſily be confounded, as one of them are of the Pap. Nymphales tribe, and the other belongs in his arrangement to the Satyri.-P. N. Blandina is an Eaſt Indian fpecies, and is fully noticed in our illuſtration of Exotic Entomology. - + Figures of both the above-mentioned inſects have appeared in a late publication, the “ Britiſh Miſcellany," one in Plate 2, the other in Plate 7. Unfortunately, how. ever, the Editor has entirely miſconceived the Fabrician authorities, and reverſed the two names afligned them by that author. The Fabrician Papilio Blandina is by that means erroneoully named Ligea, and, vice verſa, the Fabrician P. Ligea, called Blandina.- There are, beſides, a few errors in the figures with regard to the form, ſituation, and number of the ocellate ſpots. Thoſe relating to the P. Ligea will be hereafter noticed. In our P. Blandina (Ligea Brit. Miſc.) the macular band on the underſide of the pofterior wings appears to have only two ſmall dots, while in the inſect there are no leſs than fix, the three lower of which has a white dot in the center.-We were at firſt inclined to ſuſpect, that the ſpecimen in the cabinet of Mr. M Leay, from which the drawing of that inſect was taken, might have been in ſome meaſure injured, and the ſpots obliterated, or that his infect varied from that we poſleſs; we have, however, ſince compared them, in order to aſcertain whether any ſuch diſſimilarity in reality exiſted between them, and find the two inſects correſpond in every reſpect. a PLATE 2 ( 89 ) PLATE CCCCXXVII. FIG. I. 1. ARANEA LIVIDA. APTERA. GENERIC CHARACTER. Mouth with ſhort horny jaws : lip rounded at the tip: feelers two, incurved, jointed, and acutely pointed, thoſe of the male clavated and furniſhed with the ſexual organs: antennæ none: eyes eight or rarely fix: legs eight: papillæ for ſpinning at the tip of the abdomen or vent. Section eyes SPECIFIC CHARACTER. ARANEA LIVIDA: thorax fubtriangular : abdomen ovate; above brown, obſcurely dotted, and lineated with blackiſh : beneath teſtaceous. A ſpecimen of this remarkable fpecies of Aranea occurs in the cabinet of the late Mr. Drury, with a memorandum relating the following particulars of its capture.—“ This ſpider was taken out of the water at Hornſey wood, October 4th, 1766, being in company with Mr. Rice." N The VOL. XII. 90 PLATE CCCCXXVII. a The figures, which ſhew both the upper and lower ſurface of this gigantic ſpider, fufficiently exemplifies its magnitude and general aſpect, being repreſented in its natural fize. The prevailing colour of the upper ſurface is darker than the lower; it is a livid brown faintly variegated with reddiſh. On very cloſe inſpection, the thorax appears to be obſcurely lineated and dotted with blackiſh, radiating from the ridge of the back, as from a center towards the outer margin: the legs alſo are lineated with about four or five equidiſtant blackiſh lines ſprinkled with a few dots, Nightly hairy, and ſparingly beſet with ſmall ſetiform fpines: the abdomen rather downy. a a The eyes of this ſpider, eight in number, are diſpoſed on the ante- rior part of the thorax in a ſingular manner : the four anterior ones form a tranſverſe curved line, behind which are two contiguous eyes of a ſimilar ſize, and a little farther behind two more; but the laſt are placed much more remotely from each other than the former. Thoſe poſterior eyes are diſtinguiſhed likewiſe by being ſtationed each upon the ſummit of a rather large ſmooth lateral tubercle of a rufous colour. The exterior eye on each ſide in the anterior line, it ſhould be obſerved, is ſeated on a ſimilar fmooth rufous tubercle, but which is of a diminutive fize compared with thoſe on which the poſterior a a eyes are ſituated. As there is no ſpecies of the family to which this ſpider belongs among thoſe already deſcribed by Linnæus, Fabricius; or any other entomological author within our knowledge, that correſponds with our preſent infect, we conſider it as a new ſpecies. FIG. PLATE CCCCXXVII. 91 FIG. 11. ARANEA MARGINATA. SPECIFIC CHARACTER. ARANEA MARGINATA: brown: thorax and abdomen furrounded with a whitiſh line. ARANEA PALUSTRIS: Linn. Syſt. Nat. 12. 2. p. 1036. n. 41. -Var.? ARANEA TRILINEATA: Fabr. Ent. Syft. T. 2. p. 423. n. 61? Aranea pugnax : Roſs. Fn. Etr. 2. 135. 980? This infect agrees very nearly with the Aranea trilineata * of Fabricius, and does not appear very remote from the Linnæan de- ſcription of Aranea paluſtris t. The principal difference conſiſts in the poſition of the eyes, which conſtitutes an effential characteriſtic mark of the ſeveral families into which the Aranea genus is divided; and in this particular they are very diſtinct. Admitting therefore, that Linnæus and Fabricius are correct in deſcribing the ſituation of the eyes in the two inſects above-mentioned, we muſt conſider the preſent inſect as a ſpecies diſtinct from either, notwithſtanding their fimilarity in other reſpects. It does not certainly agree with the deſcription of * Aranea Trilineata: fuſca thoracis margine linea dorſali margineque ovate cinereis. Fabr. Ent. Syſt. T. 2, p. 423, n. 61. oculis: → Aranea Paluftris: fufca, thorace abdomineque utrinque linea nivea. Linn. Syſt: Nat. 12. 2. p. 1036. 1. 41. any N2 PLATE CCCCXXVII. a any ſpecies of Aranea in the ſame family hitherto deſcribed by thoſe writers. It may therefore be a nondeſcript ſpecies, though we muſt at the ſame time confeſs, we conceive it not unlikely, that the poſition of the in the Aranea trilineata of Fabricius has been miſtaken by that writer, and that it may hereafter prove to be the ſame fpecies eyes PLATE 428 + 3 2 [ 93 ] PLATE CCCCXXVIII. COCCINELLA 13-MACULATA, 13-SPOT LADY COW. COLEOPTERA. GENERIC CHARACTER. Antennæ clavated, club folid: anterior feelers femicordated: thorax and wing-caſes margined: body hemiſpherical : abdomen beneatha flat. SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Wing-caſes yellow, with thirteen black dots: body orbicular. . COCCINELLA 13-MACULATA: coleoptris flavis: punctis nigris tredecim corpore orbiculato. Marſh. Ent. Brit. T. I. 157. Fabr. Syft. Ent. 83. 24.--Sp. Inf. I. 99. 37.-Mant. I. 58. 53.-Ent. Syft. I. a. 279. 60. Gmel. 1652. 90. Three varieties of this elegant ſpecies of Coccinella are figured on the ſame plate, two of which differ only in colour, the third in the dots on the wing-caſes. The thorax in all the ſpecimens are pale yellow, 94 PLATE CCCCXXVIII. yellow, but in the ſecond individual, the wing-caſes are of a deeper orange than uſual; and in the third, the two inner dots of the three, which conſtitute the macular ſeries acroſs the middle of the wing- caſes, are united, and form but a ſingle confluent ſpot. The ſmalleſt figure denotes the natural fize. PLATE Gr ( 95 ) PLATE CCCCXXIX. MUSCA HEMIPTERUS. DIPTERA. GENERIC CHARACTER. Mouth with a ſoft exſerted fleſhy proboſcis, and two unequal lips : fucker beſet with briſtles: feelers ſhort, and two in number, or ſome times none: antennæ uſually ſhort. * Syrphus : antennæ naked. SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. MUSCA HEMIPTERUS. Downy: thorax with a ferruginous border : wings thick, cinereous: fuſcous varied with yel- lowiſh. SYRPHUS HEMIPTERUS: antennis ſetariis tomentoſus thoracis limbo ferrugineo, alis craffioribus cinereis fuſco fla. veſcentique variis. Fabr. Ent. Syſt. T. 4. 284. n. 22. Schaeff. Icon. Tab. 71. fig. 6? MUSCA SUBCOLEOPTRATA: Gmel. Linn. Syft. Nat. 2869. n.335. An inſect nearly allied to the Linnæan Conops ſubcoleoptrata, or Muſca ſubcoleoptrata of the Gmelinian edition of the Syſtema Naturæ. Gmelin 96 PLATE CCCCXXIX. Gmelin conſiders it as the ſame inſect, but Fabricius deſcribes it as a diſtinct fpecies, diſtinguiſhing the M. Subcoleoptrata by the black thorax, and cinereous wings with two brown flexuous ſtripes; and the M. Hemiptera (our preſent ſpecies) by the thorax being fur- rounded by a ferruginous border, and the cinereous wings varied with yellowiſh.–Fabricius has ſince conſtituted a new genus of Dipterous inſects, under the name of THEREVA, in which both theſe ſpecies of Muſcæ are included*. This inſect is very uncommon in England. * Suppl. Ent. Syft. I, p560, n. 2. CA PLATE 430 ( 97 ) PLATE CCCCXXX. LIBELLULA BOLTONII. BOLTON'S DRAGON-FLY. NEUROPTERA. GENERIC CHARACTER. Mouth armed with more than two jaws: lip trifid : antennæ ſhorter than the thorax, very thin and filiform: wings expanded: tail of the male furniſhed with a furcated proceſs. a SPECIFIC CHARACTER. LIBELLULA BOLTONII: wings hyaline: body elongated, black, with a larger interrupted yellow band acroſs the middle, and a ſmaller near the tip of each ſeg- ment. a This fine and noble ſpecies of Libellula appears to be unknown to any of the entomological writers we are acquainted with. The ſpecimen from which our figure in the annexed plate is taken, was diſcovered in Yorkſhire ſome years ago by Mr. Bolton, and commu- nicated to Mr. Drury, in whoſe cabinet it has remained unnoticed till the preſent time. We believe this ſpecimen to be unique, or at leaſt we have never ſeen an other. It is a beautiful, large, and in- tereſting ſpecies, and poffefſes characters ſo extremely different from any of the known ſpecies of its genus, that it cannot eaſily be miſ- taken. We name it Boltonii, in compliment to Mr. Bolton, the gentleman to whom we are indebted for its diſcovery. O PLATE а VOL. XII. +31 [99] PLATE CCCCXXXI. CIMEX MELANOCEPHALUS. HEMIPTERA. GENERIC CHARACTER. Snout inflected: antennæ longer than the thorax: wings four, folded croſs-wiſe, anterior part of the upper pair coriaceous : back flat: thorax margined: legs formed for running. SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Grey: head, and ſcutel at the baſe braffy black. Cimex MELANOCEPHALUS: griſeus capite ſcutelloque bafi nigro aeneis. Fabr. Ent. Syſt. T. 4. p. 125. n. 176. Fabricius appears to be the only writer who has noticed this ele- gant little ſpecies of Cimex : he deſcribes it as an Engliſh Infect, without referring to any cabinet. This inſect is of a ſmall ſize, as ſhewn by the central figure in the annexed plate. The upper ſurface is of a greyiſh colour, tinged in the ſhades with green; the head, two confluent ſpots at the anterior part of the thorax, and triangular ſpot at the baſe of the fcutel, brafly 02 black, 100 PLATE CCCCXXXI. black, inclining to purpliſh. The whole ſurface is minutely punc- tured. Beneath, the prevailing colour is braſſy blackiſh purple, with the margin of the abdomen whitiſh, and marked with a row of black dots: legs yellowiſh, with a black dot on the thighs. This, we believe, is a very rare ſpecies. PLATE سر پر ملک کی ران [ 101 ] PLATE CCCCXXXII. GRYLLUS CAMPESTRIS. FIELD CRICKET. HEMIPTERA. GENERIC CHARACTER. Head inflected, armed with jaws: feelers filiform: antennæ uſually ſetaceous or filiform: wings four, deflected, convolute, the lower ones plaited: pofterior legs formed for leaping: claws double. ** Section Acheta.. Antenna ſetaceous : feelers unequal: thorax rounded : tail with two briſtles. SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Wings ſhorter than the wing-caſes: body blackiſh : ſtyle linear. GRYLLUS CAMPESTRIS: alis elytris brevioribus, corpore nigro: ftylo lineari. Lin. Muf. Lud. Ulr. 124. Scop. Ent. Carn. 319. Fabr. Sp. Inf. I. p. 355. n. 10. . Gryllus Campeftris Mouffeti. Ray Inf. 63. Schaeff. Elem. t. 66. icon. t. 157. f.2-4 Though 102 PLATE CCCCXXXII. Though the Field Cricket inhabits every country of Europe, it is obſerved to be more abundant in the ſouthern parts than elſewhere. Its haunts are ſhady places not too much expoſed to moiſture. The noiſy chirpings of this fingularly formed little creature is oftentimes heard ifſuing from among the buſhes, and underwood, on the ſkirts of foreſts; and in the fields, towards the approach of twilight, par- ticularly when the weather is warm and the air ſerene; but the infect itſelf is very feldom ſeen. It is remarkably timid, and ſcarcely ever ventures from its lurking place among the buſhes, till the darkneſs of the night emboldens it to ramble out in queſt of food.--Its chirping noiſe does not continue all the year; it commences in May, and ceaſes about the end of autumn. We imagine it almoft fuperfluous to add, that the Field Cricket poſſeſſes this faculty of emitting a chirping note in common with many inſects both of this, and other analogous tribes. LINNÆAN 7 LINNÆ AN INDEX TO VOL. XII. COLEOPTERA. Plate. Fig. 1. 404 2. 404 404 3. 404 1. 417 417 417 417 & ao 2 3 4. Scarabæus fimetarius fordidus fordidus var. copripus attaminatus 1phacelatus foffor rufipes Greenii Lucanus inermis, Short-horned Stag Beetle Ptinus fur Coccinella 13-maculata Tillus bimaculatus Clerus mollis Curculio vau exaratus faſciatus 418 400 422 428 2. 411 411 1. 414 414 1. 2. 414 3. HEMIPTERA. Gryllus campeftris domeftica Cimex melanocephalus 432 409 431 LEPI- INDEX. LEPIDOPTERA. Plate. Figo 5. 1. Papilio Piloſellæ, Large Heath Butterfly Blandina, Scotch Argus Butterfly Phalæna Zebu, Zebu Prominent Caflinia, Trilineated Moth Auricula, Golden Ear Moth Chi Flexuoſa, Yorkſhire Y moth 405 426 397 397 397 406 2. 3. | - 412 NEUROPTERA. 415 425 Libellula Aenea Libellula Forcipata, Forcipated Dragon Fly Boltonii Quadrifaſciata Quadrimaculata 430 425 407 HYMENOPTERA. 398 402 416 403 403 1. : 2. Tenthredo Faſciata, Banded Saw-fly Sericea, Silky Saw-fly Veſpa Cribaria Apis Iricolor Bankfiana, Bankſian Bee Cornigera Jacobaa Picipes Disjuncta Druriella, Drury's Bee Variegatus, Variegated Bee 408 1. - 408 2. 1. 410 410 2.- - 1. 399 399 1 2.. Apis INDEX Plate. Fig. 1. 421 421 2. Apis Signata Lavigata Ochroſtoma Banchus Pictus Larra Pompiliformis oo 421 3. 413 420 401 1. 401 2. DIPTERA. Muſca Pyraſtri Caemeteriorum Ribeſcii, Red Currant Louſe-fly Groflificationis Rotundata Arcuata Hemipterus 401 3. 11 419 424 1. - 424 2. 429 APTERA. 427 1. Aranea Livida Marginata 427 2. VOL. XII. P ALPHA- ALPHABETICAL INDEX го VOL. XII. Plata Fig. 415 424 2. 1. 417 397 403 3. 2. 2. 411 426 430 401 2. 432 2. 397 406 Aenea, Libellula arcuata, Muſca attaminatus, Scarabæus auricula, Phalæna Bankſiana, Apis Bimaculatus, Tillus Blandina, Papilio Boltonii, Libellula Caemeteriorum, Muſca Campeſtris Gryllus Caflinia, Phalæna Chi, Phalana Coprinus, Scarabæus cornigera, Apis cribaria, Veſpa Disjuncta, Apis Domeſticus Gryllus Druriella, Apis Exaratus, Curculio Faſciata, Tenthredo Faſciatus, Curculio Fimetarius, Scarabæus Flexuoſa, Phalana Forcipata Libellula Toffor Scarabaeus 404 4. 1. 408 416 410 2. 3 409 399 1. 414 2. 398 414 3. 404 1. 412 1 423 417 3. Fur INDEX. Plate. Tig, 422 - 418 419 429 400 . 40S 1. . 2. 408 421 2. 1. 2 427 427 431 411 1. - 9. 421 410 1. 413 405 Fur Ptinus Greenii Scarabæus groflificationis Muſca Hemipterus Muſca Inermis Lucanus Iricolor Apis Jacobæa Apis Lævigata Apis Livida Aranea Marginata Aranea Melanocephalus Cimex Mollis Clerus Ochroſtoma Apis Picipes Apis Pietus Apis Piloſellæ Papilio Pompiliformis Larra Pyraſtri Muſca Quadrifaſciata Libellula Quadrimaculata Libellula Ribeſcii Muſca Rotundata Muſca Rufipes Scarabæus Sericeo Tenthredo Signata Apis Sordidus Scarabaæus Var. Sphacelatus Scarabæns 13-Maculata Coccinella variegatus Apis vau, Curculio Zebu, Phalena 420 401 1. 425 407 401 9. 1. 424 4. 417 402 421 1. 2. 404 404 3. 417 2 428 - 2. 999 414 1. 397 Printed by Law and Gilbert, St. John's Square, Clerkenwell, 1 SECTION 18 CC CO COC CE (CCC <<< CK CCCCC ECCO CCC SCO (CG (CCC CE CCCCC CCCCC CCC CCOO.GE (CCCCC ((( c CCCC E C&C ECCCCC COCOK CCCC CCCC ca C C C C COCO CCCCCC CCCCC C C CC (CCCCC CCC ( E (CGC COC C (CC CIGO: CCCC COCCO CCCCCC CCCCCC GOTOCOCC CCCCCC CCCC C CC OC CCC CCCC CCC C C CCCCCCCC COCCO CCCCCCC co COO(C COCCCC CCCCC CCCCC COC TCC C CCCCC CCCC (CCCCCC C C C CG CCC Cria (OT ( ( (CCG CCCCCC CC CCCCCC (GC ह CCC CO COG CASCO MM 1 (os (CCCC CKCOCK Cors OG COCO ( KCCC CCC CCC CCCC COCO ca CE COC CCCCCC CC CC COC CE C( CC C( CC CCC CU Aan M C CE C COCO CCCC 3 ECG KCC SCIENTIA OF THE དག 1817 VERITAS TUEROR UÆRIS PENINSULAM AMOENAM | UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN OF CIRCUMSPICE MUSEUM CSC COS (CCC CCCCC COCO COCCO ca UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 3 9015 06347 4129 (CC ARTES B3 LIBRARY C (CE C C CCS CCG CG (C. 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